The accomplisht physician, the honest apothecary, and the skilful chyrurgeon detecting their necessary connexion and dependence on each other : withall a discovery of the frauds of the quacking empirick, the praescribing surgeon, and the practicing apothecary
         Merret, Christopher, 1614-1695.
      
       
         
           1670
        
      
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         ESTC R26201
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         42929
         
           
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             The accomplisht physician, the honest apothecary, and the skilful chyrurgeon detecting their necessary connexion and dependence on each other : withall a discovery of the frauds of the quacking empirick, the praescribing surgeon, and the practicing apothecary
             Merret, Christopher, 1614-1695.
             Harvey, Gideon, 1640?-1700?
          
           [5], 95 p.
           
             [s.n.],
             London :
             1670.
          
           
             Attributed by Wing and NUC pre-l956 imprints to Christopher Merret, and to Gideon Harvey by the Brit. Mus. cat.
             Caption and running title: The accomplisht physician and the honest apothecary.
             "A lash for Lex talionis, or, A just repraehension of the practising apothecary": (p. 91-95)
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         eng
      
       
         
           Medicine -- Early works to 1800.
           Physicians -- Great Britain -- Early works to 1800.
           Pharmacists -- Great Britain -- Early works to 1800.
        
      
    
     
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           THE
           ACCOMPLISHT
           PHYSICIAN
           ,
           THE
           HONEST
           APOTHECARY
           ,
           AND
           THE
           SKILFUL
           CHYRURGEON
           ,
        
         
           DETECTING
           Their
           necessary
           Connexion
           ,
           and
           dependance
           on
           each
           other
           .
        
         
           WITHALL
           A
           DISCOVERY
           Of
           the
           Frauds
           of
           the
        
         
           QUACKING
           EMPIRICK
           ,
           THE
           PRAESCRIBING
           SURGEON
           ,
           AND
           THE
           PRACTICING
           APOTHECARY
           ,
           WHEREUNTO
           IS
           ADDED
        
         
           
             The
             Physicians
             Circuit
             ,
          
           
             The
             History
             of
             Physick
             ;
          
           
             And
             a
             Lash
             for
             
               Lex
               Talionis
            
             .
          
        
         
           Homine
           semidocto
           quid
           iniquius
           ?
        
         
           London
           ,
           Printed
           ,
           and
           are
           to
           be
           Sold
           in
           Little-Britain
           .
           1670.
           
        
      
       
         
         
         
           THE
           PREFACE
           TO
           THE
           VULGAR
           READER
           .
        
         
           
             READER
             ,
          
        
         
           TO
           those
           whom
           Nature
           hath
           raised
           out
           of
           a
           refined
           mould
           ,
           and
           are
           by
           their
           Education
           sublimed
           to
           a
           higher
           sphaere
           ,
           as
           the
           Gentry
           and
           Literate
           Persons
           of
           England
           ,
           this
           Discourse
           is
           no
           wise
           directed
           ,
           unless
           accidentally
           by
           a
           superficial
           view
           ,
           they
           should
           give
           themselves
           the
           divertisement
           of
           admiring
           the
           folly
           ,
           indiscretion
           ,
           and
           fond
           passion
           of
           the
           Uulgar
           ,
           whom
           moving
           
           erratically
           in
           a
           lower
           region
           ,
           is
           the
           proper
           task
           of
           these
           Sheets
           ,
           to
           reduce
           to
           a
           more
           certain
           and
           less
           planetary
           motion
           .
        
         
           As
           the
           Art
           of
           Physick
           through
           its
           excellency
           hath
           ever
           dignified
           Physicians
           to
           that
           Degree
           ,
           as
           to
           appear
           most
           acceptable
           to
           Kings
           ,
           Princes
           ,
           and
           all
           others
           of
           the
           highest
           ranck
           ;
           so
           likewise
           have
           Physicians
           retributed
           a
           just
           gratitude
           to
           their
           Art
           ,
           by
           super
           adding
           to
           it
           that
           lustre
           and
           splendor
           ,
           derived
           from
           their
           most
           succesful
           Cures
           and
           excellent
           Practice
           ,
           and
           particularly
           from
           that
           so
           famed
           Aesculapian
           College
           of
           London
           ,
           and
           other
           Doctors
           of
           Physick
           ,
           who
           by
           their
           Study
           and
           Experience
           ,
           through
           Travel
           have
           of
           right
           merited
           that
           title
           :
           These
           and
           their
           Art
           have
           of
           late
           years
           been
           rendred
           subject
           to
           the
           same
           fate
           Religion
           and
           the
           Law
           not
           long
           before
           ,
           of
           being
           subverted
           by
           the
           ignorance
           and
           ambiiton
           of
           such
           whose
           brain
           is
           as
           subject
           to
           vapors
           ,
           as
           the
           climat
           wherein
           they
           live
           ,
           being
           all
           manner
           of
           wayes
           ignorant
           of
           the
           delicious
           fruits
           of
           life
           ,
           that
           are
           reaped
           from
           a
           constancy
           in
           their
           Church-worship
           ,
           their
           subjection
           to
           Government
           ,
           and
           in
           their
           due
           Veneration
           of
           Learning
           .
           Their
           ignorance
           is
           discernable
           in
           their
           sensless
           liberality
           ,
           of
           conferring
           the
           honour
           and
           title
           of
           Doctor
           upon
           every
           Quack
           ,
           Empirick
           ,
           Surgeon
           ,
           Apothecary
           ,
           and
           almost
           every
           one
           that
           carries
           but
           the
           scent
           of
           Mithridate
           about
           him
           ;
           and
           
           the
           Ambition
           of
           these
           is
           no
           less
           ridiculous
           in
           receiving
           that
           mock-title
           .
           However
           since
           it
           is
           their
           vulgar
           humour
           so
           to
           do
           ,
           I
           have
           for
           their
           better
           understanding
           corresponded
           with
           it
           so
           far
           ,
           as
           to
           continue
           the
           same
           titles
           of
           Physician
           ,
           Doctor
           ,
           Church-yard
           and
           Hackney
           Physician
           applied
           to
           the
           same
           parties
           ,
           viz.
           to
           Quacks
           ,
           Empiricks
           ,
           Praescribing
           Surgeons
           ,
           and
           Practising
           Apothecaries
           ,
           for
           the
           most
           part
           meaning
           no
           other
           but
           such
           ,
           unless
           where
           for
           distinction
           the
           Reader
           will
           occur
           with
           the
           addition
           of
           Accomplisht
           .
           My
           name
           I
           have
           purposely
           concealed
           ,
           because
           from
           this
           small
           labour
           I
           promise
           my self
           no
           other
           advantage
           ,
           than
           a
           complacency
           in
           my
           own
           sentiment
           ,
           of
           having
           performed
           a
           duty
           ,
           that
           Noble
           Art
           ,
           and
           it
           's
           most
           Ingenious
           Artists
           ,
           require
           from
           all
           ,
           that
           have
           received
           a
           benefit
           from
           it
           and
           them
           ,
           in
           defending
           its
           honour
           and
           eminency
           from
           the
           abuse
           and
           violation
           of
           such
           mean
           and
           pitiful
           animals
           ,
           as
           are
           aboue
           mentioned
           .
        
         
           And
           among
           that
           fry
           ,
           none
           arrogate
           a
           greater
           sharp
           in
           the
           practice
           of
           Physick
           ,
           than
           the
           praescribing
           Surgeons
           ,
           who
           seem
           to
           be
           enfranchised
           in
           it
           ,
           since
           now
           a
           dayes
           Physicians
           take
           so
           little
           inspection
           into
           their
           boutchery
           ,
           and
           inhumane
           practice
           ,
           which
           because
           I
           shall
           not
           much
           insist
           upon
           in
           the
           ensuing
           Discourse
           ;
           I
           will
           insert
           an
           instance
           or
           two
           here
           :
           One
           I
           knew
           ,
           that
           against
           a
           Diarrhoea
           or
           loosness
           ,
           gave
           the
           Patient
           two
           drams
           of
           Diapalma
           
           Plaster
           made
           up
           in
           Pills
           ,
           for
           several
           dayes
           ,
           which
           through
           the
           quantity
           of
           lythargir
           it
           contain'd
           ,
           gradually
           poyson'd
           the
           party
           .
           Another
           presented
           his
           Patient
           with
           half
           an
           ounce
           of
           
             Mercurius
             Dulcis
          
           a
           day
           ,
           for
           ten
           dayes
           together
           ,
           which
           absolutely
           destroyed
           the
           tone
           of
           the
           stomach
           ,
           subverted
           the
           temperament
           of
           the
           brain
           ,
           and
           at
           last
           rendred
           him
           paralytick
           .
           A
           third
           upon
           the
           exhibition
           of
           red
           Praecipitate
           ill
           praepared
           &
           worse
           applied
           ,
           after
           innumerable
           stools
           praecipitated
           the
           Patient
           into
           his
           Coffin
           ;
           this
           and
           many
           other
           disasters
           were
           the
           consequence
           of
           a
           huge
           Army-Bone-Setter's
           practice
           ;
           who
           for
           his
           Prophanations
           ,
           and
           Atheistical
           opinions
           is
           the
           
             Monstrum
             horrendum
          
           of
           all
           men
           ;
           &
           for
           his
           extream
           illiterature
           is
           the
           only
           he
           ,
           I
           should
           admire
           ,
           that
           through
           his
           impertinent
           and
           fastidious
           boldness
           did
           arrive
           to
           the
           least
           repute
           ,
           were
           it
           not
           his
           attendance
           on
           a
           great
           person
           had
           given
           a
           seeming
           appearance
           of
           his
           bungling
           skill
           .
        
         
           After
           all
           this
           ,
           I
           must
           in
           short
           acquaint
           you
           with
           the
           remainder
           of
           my
           scope
           ,
           chiefly
           ayming
           to
           distinguish
           those
           Praescribing
           Surgeons
           ,
           and
           Practising
           Apothecaries
           ,
           by
           their
           dangerous
           and
           fraudulent
           practice
           ,
           from
           skilful
           Chirurgeons
           and
           Honest
           Apothecaries
           ;
           for
           both
           which
           I
           have
           not
           only
           a
           due
           respect
           and
           esteem
           ,
           but
           shall
           hereby
           endeavor
           to
           convince
           all
           accomplisht
           Physicians
           of
           the
           necessity
           of
           their
           employments
           ,
           and
           dependance
           on
           
           their
           Art
           ,
           making
           it
           my
           only
           request
           ,
           not
           to
           take
           amis
           ,
           what
           may
           be
           expressed
           in
           Drollery
           or
           earnest
           against
           those
           of
           their
           fraternity
           ,
           that
           are
           no
           less
           injurious
           to
           the
           Noble
           Practice
           of
           Physick
           ,
           than
           the
           necessary
           Employ
           of
           Skilful
           Surgeons
           and
           Honest
           Apothecaries
           .
        
         
           My
           vulgar
           Reader
           I
           hope
           will
           not
           be
           offended
           with
           my
           franck
           humour
           of
           having
           objected
           their
           fickle-headed
           inconstancy
           ,
           which
           quality
           being
           set
           aside
           ,
           it
           may
           without
           partiality
           be
           asserted
           ,
           they
           are
           a
           people
           ,
           whom
           for
           their
           more
           than
           ordinary
           endowments
           of
           Mind
           ,
           singular
           Valour
           and
           address
           in
           their
           Arms
           ,
           Nature
           particularly
           hath
           distinguisht
           from
           all
           other
           Nations
           of
           the
           Continent
           ,
           by
           seating
           them
           in
           a
           most
           beautiful
           Island
           ,
           and
           putting
           in
           their
           hands
           the
           Scale
           of
           Iustice
           ,
           to
           compose
           or
           decide
           the
           Disputes
           of
           all
           Foreign
           Princes
           by
           their
           invincible
           Power
           at
           Sea
           and
           Land.
           
        
      
    
     
       
         
         
         
           The
           Accomplisht
           Physician
           ,
           AND
           The
           Honest
           Apothecary
           .
        
         
           TO
           discommend
           what
           so
           many
           are
           fond
           of
           ,
           is
           a
           character
           no
           wayes
           obliging
           ;
           and
           therefore
           discovering
           the
           familiar
           cheats
           and
           impostures
           of
           those
           ,
           whom
           our
           vulgar
           doth
           so
           passionately
           affect
           ,
           must
           necessarily
           prove
           a
           work
           of
           very
           slender
           merit
           .
           However
           ,
           since
           I
           do
           not
           compute
           the
           vain
           applauses
           of
           a
           credulous
           rabble
           the
           just
           price
           of
           my
           labours
           ,
           nor
           dread
           the
           venomous
           darts
           of
           those
           I
           make
           the
           subject
           of
           my
           discourse
           ,
           but
           chiefly
           rendring
           my self
           to
           that
           vertue
           ,
           whereby
           men
           are
           spirited
           to
           work
           a
           publick
           good
           to
           their
           private
           disadvantage
           ,
           shall
           now
           open
           to
           your
           sight
           ,
           the
           skulls
           of
           such
           as
           are
           commonly
           intrusted
           with
           your
           health
           ,
           where
           you
           may
           behold
           
           the
           wheels
           of
           their
           brain
           ,
           framing
           subtil
           practices
           ,
           to
           drain
           your
           dropsical
           purses
           ,
           and
           play
           the
           fool
           with
           your
           consumptive
           bodies
           .
        
         
           §
           But
           that
           all
           this
           should
           be
           transacted
           with
           a
           delight
           to
           the
           Patient
           ,
           may
           seem
           no
           less
           than
           a
           riddle
           ,
           though
           easily
           resolved
           ;
           for
           as
           in
           cheating
           there
           is
           a
           
             Bonum
             utile
          
           ,
           so
           in
           being
           cheated
           there
           is
           a
           
             Bonum
             jucundum
          
           ,
           the
           Impostor
           usually
           impressing
           an
           expectation
           more
           pleasant
           than
           ordinary
           on
           his
           Patients
           fancy
           ,
           which
           doth
           not
           a
           little
           tickle
           his
           dull
           spleen
           .
           This
           confirms
           the
           truth
           of
           the
           Motto
           ,
           
             Vúlgús
             vúlt
             decipi
          
           ,
           The
           vulgar
           will
           needs
           be
           cheated
           ;
           a
           saying
           that
           's
           more
           applicable
           to
           the
           commonalty
           of
           this
           Horizon
           ,
           than
           of
           any
           other
           in
           Europe
           .
           For
           that
           once
           a
           a
           Heel-maker
           ,
           should
           arrive
           to
           an
           Estate
           of
           many
           thousands
           ,
           by
           selling
           Barley
           water
           with
           a
           few
           drops
           of
           Spirit
           of
           Salt
           in
           it
           ,
           were
           in
           no
           other
           City
           possible
           ,
           than
           on
           Tower-Wharf
           in
           London
           ;
           or
           that
           a
           rational
           people
           should
           permit
           their
           purses
           to
           be
           gelded
           ,
           and
           their
           bodies
           anatomized
           alive
           by
           a
           huddle
           of
           Empiricks
           ,
           as
           that
           Hatband-maker
           ,
           once
           of
           Moorfields
           ;
           the
           Gunsmith
           in
           Barbacan
           ;
           that
           old
           doating
           piece
           of
           Nonsense
           in
           Southwark
           ;
           besides
           many
           more
           ,
           not
           worth
           the
           value
           of
           my
           Inck
           and
           Paper
           ,
           can
           only
           be
           reported
           of
           our
           English
           :
           Or
           that
           not
           long
           since
           ,
           a
           French
           Mountebank
           Doctor
           ,
           (
           who
           for
           many
           
           years
           in
           his
           own
           Countrey
           ,
           could
           scarce
           counterpoise
           his
           ordinary
           expences
           ,
           with
           the
           fruits
           of
           his
           practice
           ,
           )
           should
           in
           less
           time
           than
           the
           common
           life
           of
           a
           Physician
           ,
           extract
           a
           mass
           of
           two
           hundred
           thousand
           
           Iacobus's
           out
           of
           the
           Mines
           of
           English
           Church-yards
           ,
           is
           an
           Argument
           for
           other
           Nations
           ,
           to
           accuse
           us
           of
           an
           extream
           wantonness
           in
           our
           pockets
           .
           But
           I
           must
           praetermit
           illustrating
           that
           Subject
           ,
           not
           being
           embarqued
           in
           a
           design
           of
           reproving
           ,
           but
           informing
           my
           vulgar
           Reader
           .
        
         
           §
           The
           Law
           looks
           very
           grim
           upon
           Gipsies
           for
           cheating
           young
           folks
           ,
           though
           of
           a
           very
           small
           part
           of
           their
           money
           ,
           by
           conjecturing
           at
           their
           Fortunes
           ,
           which
           possibly
           may
           oft
           correspond
           with
           the
           purpose
           of
           their
           praediction
           ,
           though
           other
           times
           may
           vary
           :
           But
           vulgar
           Physicians
           ,
           and
           those
           of
           no
           indifferent
           report
           ,
           do
           not
           only
           conjecture
           grosly
           at
           the
           Diseases
           of
           their
           Patients
           ,
           but
           also
           most
           times
           make
           a
           shameful
           difference
           between
           their
           conjectures
           ,
           and
           the
           state
           and
           event
           of
           those
           Diseases
           ,
           whereby
           the
           party
           is
           defrauded
           of
           a
           great
           part
           of
           his
           mony
           ,
           and
           like
           a
           fool
           his
           expectation
           frustrated
           .
        
         
           Here
           may
           be
           demanded
           ,
           which
           of
           these
           is
           the
           greatest
           cheat
           ;
           the
           Gipsie
           ,
           who
           for
           a
           trifle
           it
           may
           be
           a
           Beggers
           Alms
           ,
           gives
           his
           Auditor
           a
           divertisement
           of
           a
           pleasant
           discourse
           ,
           leaving
           him
           withall
           to
           a
           free
           election
           of
           crediting
           what
           he
           pleases
           ,
           or
           
           the
           vulgar
           Hackney
           Physician
           ,
           who
           imposes
           an
           obligation
           on
           his
           Patient
           ,
           to
           believe
           his
           impertinent
           sentiment
           of
           his
           infirmity
           ,
           and
           for
           so
           doing
           is
           satisfied
           with
           no
           less
           than
           a
           whole
           gripe
           of
           Half
           Crowns
           ?
           Certainly
           ,
           where
           there
           is
           a
           due
           propo●tion
           observed
           between
           the
           recompence
           and
           the
           merit
           ,
           that
           cannot
           be
           comprehended
           within
           the
           circumference
           of
           a
           cheat
           ,
           and
           therefore
           one
           might
           justly
           aver
           an
           indemnity
           in
           the
           Gipsies
           penny
           ,
           though
           no
           small
           cheat
           in
           the
           vulgar
           Empiricks
           Iacobus
           .
        
         
           §
           But
           to
           prevent
           your
           censuring
           me
           ,
           overbalanced
           with
           a
           prejudice
           to
           those
           ,
           that
           so
           much
           abuse
           that
           noble
           Profession
           ;
           I
           'le
           conduct
           you
           into
           their
           usual
           road
           and
           method
           ,
           of
           examining
           their
           Patients
           ,
           and
           making
           inquiry
           into
           their
           Diseases
           ,
           wherewith
           being
           acquainted
           ,
           you
           may
           (
           though
           of
           never
           so
           unpolisht
           a
           skull
           )
           as
           readily
           pronounce
           a
           Verdict
           ,
           as
           the
           best
           
             Lye-a-bed
             till
             noon
          
           .
        
         
           §
           This
           knack
           doth
           chiefly
           consist
           in
           three
           notions
           ,
           viz.
           
             First
             ,
             that
             a
             Patients
             grievance
             is
             either
             a
             discernable
             evident
             disease
             ,
             which
             his
             own
             confession
             makes
             known
             to
             you
             ,
             what
             it
             is
          
           ;
           or
           
             Secondly
             an
             inward
             pain
          
           ;
           or
           
             Thirdly
             ,
             one
             of
             these
             two
             Endemick
             Diseases
             ,
             a
             Scurvy
             ,
             or
             Consumption
             ,
             or
             a
             third
             ,
             the
             Pox.
          
           This
           is
           their
           Theory
           ,
           which
           is
           so
           deep
           engrafted
           on
           their
           Dura
           
           Mater
           ,
           and
           may
           be
           acquired
           with
           less
           industry
           ,
           than
           fourteen
           years
           study
           at
           one
           of
           our
           Universities
           ;
           for
           so
           much
           time
           is
           requisite
           to
           make
           a
           man
           grow
           up
           to
           a
           Doctor
           ,
           the
           formality
           whereof
           in
           most
           places
           consists
           in
           ,
           
             Accipiamús
             pecuniam
             et
             dimittamús
             asinúm
          
           .
        
         
           §
           Next
           I
           'l
           inform
           you
           in
           the
           application
           and
           uses
           of
           these
           three
           Notions
           .
           If
           a
           sick
           man
           makes
           his
           address
           to
           a
           Vulgar
           Physician
           ,
           he
           demands
           his
           complaint
           ;
           T'other
           replies
           ,
           he
           is
           troubled
           either
           with
           a
           Vomiting
           ,
           Loosness
           ,
           Want
           of
           Stomach
           ,
           Cough
           ,
           Bad
           digesture
           ,
           Difficulty
           of
           breathing
           or
           Phtisick
           ,
           Faintness
           ,
           Jaundise
           ,
           Green-sickness
           ,
           Dropsie
           ,
           Gout
           ,
           Convulsion-fits
           ,
           Palsie
           ,
           Dizziness
           or
           Swimming
           in
           the
           brain
           ;
           Vomiting
           ,
           Coughing
           ,
           or
           Spitting
           of
           Blood
           ,
           an
           Ague
           ,
           a
           Continual
           great
           heat
           or
           Fever
           .
           These
           are
           all
           evident
           Diseases
           the
           party
           himself
           expresses
           he
           is
           troubled
           with
           .
           But
           his
           sickness
           not
           being
           an
           evident
           Disease
           ,
           which
           he
           himself
           can
           explain
           ,
           the
           Vulgar
           Doctor
           concludes
           it
           must
           be
           either
           an
           inward
           pain
           ,
           or
           an
           Endemick
           disease
           .
           The
           Patient
           then
           making
           complaint
           of
           an
           inward
           pain
           ,
           to
           his
           old
           trade
           of
           guessing
           t'other
           goes
           ,
           inquiring-first
           in
           what
           part
           ;
           if
           he
           answers
           ,
           he
           feels
           a
           pain
           in
           the
           right
           side
           under
           the
           short
           Ribs
           ,
           he
           tells
           him
           it
           's
           an
           Obstruction
           or
           stoppage
           in
           the
           Liver
           ;
           if
           in
           the
           left
           side
           in
           the
           opposite
           part
           ,
           
           then
           it
           's
           a
           stoppage
           of
           the
           Spleen
           ;
           if
           in
           the
           belly
           ,
           it
           may
           be
           he
           calls
           it
           a
           Colick
           ,
           or
           wind
           in
           the
           Guts
           ;
           if
           in
           the
           back
           or
           loins
           he
           perswades
           him
           ,
           it
           's
           Gravel
           ,
           Stone
           ,
           or
           some
           other
           Obstruction
           in
           the
           Kidneyes
           ;
           if
           a
           stitch
           in
           the
           Breast
           ,
           he
           terms
           it
           a
           wind
           ,
           or
           sometimes
           a
           Bastard
           ,
           or
           other
           times
           a
           true
           Pleurisie
           .
        
         
           §
           Lastly
           ,
           if
           the
           party
           be
           reduced
           to
           a
           very
           poor
           and
           lean
           carcass
           ,
           by
           reason
           of
           a
           long
           taedious
           Cough
           ,
           Spitting
           of
           blood
           ,
           or
           want
           of
           stomach
           ,
           or
           Feebleness
           ,
           or
           almost
           any
           other
           disease
           or
           pain
           ,
           then
           be
           sure
           ,
           he
           tells
           him
           ,
           he
           is
           in
           a
           Consumption
           ,
           or
           at
           least
           falling
           into
           one
           .
           But
           being
           troubled
           with
           several
           diseases
           and
           pains
           at
           once
           ,
           as
           running
           pains
           ,
           saintness
           ,
           want
           of
           stomach
           ,
           change
           of
           complexion
           ,
           so
           as
           to
           look
           a
           little
           yellowish
           ,
           duskish
           or
           greenish
           ;
           then
           t'other
           whispers
           him
           ,
           he
           is
           troubled
           with
           the
           Scurvy
           .
           If
           diseased
           with
           ulcers
           or
           running
           sores
           ,
           red
           ,
           yellow
           ,
           blew
           ,
           or
           dark
           spots
           ,
           pimples
           ,
           or
           botches
           in
           the
           face
           ,
           arms
           ,
           legs
           ,
           or
           any
           other
           part
           of
           the
           body
           ,
           that
           's
           determined
           to
           be
           the
           Scurvy
           likewise
           ,
           supposing
           the
           party
           to
           be
           a
           sober
           discreet
           person
           ;
           but
           if
           appearing
           inclined
           to
           wantonness
           ,
           by
           reason
           of
           his
           youth
           or
           sly
           countenance
           ,
           then
           the
           forementioned
           disease
           is
           to
           be
           called
           the
           Pox.
           In
           most
           diseases
           of
           women
           they
           accuse
           the
           Mother
           .
           In
           children
           their
           guess
           seems
           far
           more
           fallible
           ;
           
           for
           a
           child
           within
           the
           six
           Months
           being
           taken
           ill
           ,
           restless
           ,
           and
           froward
           ,
           if
           there
           appear
           no
           evident
           disease
           ,
           he
           ever
           affirms
           it
           's
           troubled
           with
           gripes
           ;
           upon
           which
           he
           prognosticates
           ,
           that
           not
           speedily
           being
           remedied
           ,
           the
           child
           will
           fall
           into
           Convulsion
           fits
           ;
           but
           this
           not
           hapning
           according
           to
           his
           praediction
           ,
           to
           prevent
           the
           forfeiture
           of
           his
           skill
           and
           repute
           ,
           endeavors
           to
           possess
           the
           Mother
           and
           rest
           of
           the
           Gossips
           ,
           it
           had
           inward
           fits
           .
           The
           child
           being
           past
           six
           Moneths
           ,
           and
           falling
           indisposed
           ,
           then
           instead
           of
           gripes
           ,
           it
           's
           discomposed
           by
           breeding
           of
           teeth
           .
           But
           having
           bred
           all
           his
           teeth
           ,
           and
           being
           surprised
           with
           any
           kind
           of
           illness
           ,
           the
           vulgar
           Doctor
           avouches
           ,
           it
           's
           troubled
           with
           Worms
           .
           In
           short
           ,
           take
           away
           these
           three
           words
           ,
           Obstruction
           ,
           Consumption
           ,
           and
           Scurvy
           ,
           and
           there
           will
           remain
           three
           dumb
           Doctors
           ,
           the
           Hackney-Physician
           ,
           The
           Prescribing
           Surgeon
           ,
           and
           the
           Practising
           Apothecary
           .
        
         
           §
           Hitherto
           we
           have
           only
           discovered
           to
           you
           the
           ordinary
           Physicians
           conjecturing
           compass
           ,
           whereby
           he
           steers
           his
           course
           to
           arrive
           to
           the
           knowledg
           of
           his
           Patients
           diseases
           ;
           there
           yet
           remains
           we
           should
           unlockt'other
           ventricle
           of
           his
           Brain
           ,
           to
           behold
           the
           subtlety
           of
           his
           fancy
           ,
           in
           groaping
           at
           the
           causes
           of
           diseases
           ,
           which
           though
           the
           Poet
           declares
           ,
           (
           
             foelix
             qui
             potuit
             rerum
             cognoscere
             causas
             ,
          
           )
           to
           be
           cloathed
           with
           the
           darkest
           
           clouds
           ,
           yet
           he
           by
           vertue
           of
           this
           following
           principle
           ,
           aims
           at
           this
           mark
           immediately
           ,
           viz.
           
             That
             most
             diseasés
             are
             caused
             by
             Choler
             ,
             Phlegm
             ,
             Melancholy
             ,
             or
             Abundance
             of
             blood
             .
          
           Of
           these
           ,
           two
           are
           supposed
           to
           be
           hot
           ,
           namely
           Choler
           and
           Abundance
           of
           blood
           ;
           and
           the
           other
           two
           cold
           ,
           to
           wit
           Phlegm
           and
           Melancholy
           ,
           and
           consequently
           causes
           of
           hot
           and
           cold
           diseases
           .
           These
           four
           universals
           being
           reduced
           to
           two
           general
           Categories
           under
           the
           notion
           of
           hot
           and
           cold
           ,
           any
           one
           having
           but
           the
           sense
           of
           distinguishing
           Winter
           from
           Summer
           ,
           may
           in
           the
           time
           of
           an
           
             Hixius
             Doxius
          
           instantly
           appoint
           a
           cause
           for
           almost
           every
           disease
           .
           So
           that
           a
           Patient
           discovering
           his
           trouble
           ,
           it
           may
           be
           a
           Want
           of
           Stomach
           ,
           Bad
           digesture
           ,
           Fainting
           ,
           Cough
           ,
           Difficulty
           of
           breathing
           ,
           Giddiness
           ,
           Palsie
           ,
           &c.
           his
           Vulgar
           Physician
           has
           no
           more
           to
           do
           ,
           but
           takes
           him
           by
           the
           fist
           ,
           to
           feel
           whether
           he
           be
           hot
           or
           cold
           ;
           if
           he
           finds
           him
           cold
           ,
           then
           summons
           in
           his
           cold
           causes
           ,
           Phlegm
           and
           Melancholy
           ,
           which
           ready
           and
           quick
           pronouncing
           of
           the
           cause
           upon
           a
           meer
           touch
           doth
           almost
           stupefie
           our
           Patient
           through
           admiration
           of
           this
           
             Aesculapian
             Oracle
          
           ,
           hitting
           him
           in
           the
           right
           vein
           to
           a
           hairs
           breadth
           ;
           for
           quoth
           he
           ,
           Indeed
           Mr.
           Doctor
           ,
           I
           think
           you
           understand
           my
           distemper
           exceedingly
           well
           ,
           and
           have
           infallibly
           found
           out
           the
           cause
           ,
           for
           every
           Morning
           assoon
           as
           I
           awake
           ,
           I
           spit
           such
           a
           
           deal
           of
           Phlegm
           ,
           and
           moreover
           I
           must
           confess
           my self
           to
           be
           extreamly
           given
           to
           Melancholy
           .
           This
           jumping
           in
           Opinions
           between
           them
           ,
           makes
           Mr.
           Doctor
           swell
           with
           the
           expectation
           of
           a
           large
           fee
           ,
           which
           the
           Patient
           most
           freely
           forces
           upon
           him
           ,
           and
           so
           the
           fool
           and
           his
           mony
           are
           soon
           parted
           .
           Now
           it
           's
           two
           to
           one
           but
           both
           are
           disappointed
           ,
           the
           one
           in
           his
           unexperienced
           Judgment
           ,
           t'other
           in
           his
           fond
           belief
           ;
           for
           state
           the
           case
           ,
           the
           disease
           takes
           its
           growth
           from
           choler
           or
           abundance
           of
           blood
           ,
           or
           any
           other
           internal
           cause
           ,
           there
           is
           scarse
           one
           in
           a
           hundred
           of
           those
           that
           are
           indisposed
           ,
           who
           is
           not
           subject
           to
           hauk
           and
           spit
           in
           the
           morning
           ,
           and
           being
           reduced
           to
           weakness
           by
           reason
           of
           his
           trouble
           ,
           must
           necessarily
           be
           heavy
           in
           the
           passions
           of
           his
           mind
           ,
           and
           incident
           into
           Melancholy
           thoughts
           through
           the
           memory
           of
           his
           mortality
           ,
           occasioned
           by
           this
           infirmity
           .
           So
           that
           seldom
           mirth
           and
           chearfulness
           are
           housed
           in
           indisposed
           bodies
           ,
           because
           they
           are
           deficient
           of
           that
           abundance
           of
           light
           and
           clear
           spirits
           ,
           required
           to
           produce
           '
           em
           .
           No
           wonder
           the
           vulgar
           is
           so
           opiniater
           in
           the
           affair
           of
           their
           temperament
           ,
           when
           belaboured
           with
           a
           disease
           ,
           since
           in
           their
           healthful
           state
           it
           's
           impossible
           for
           a
           Physician
           to
           ingage
           their
           opinions
           otherwise
           ,
           then
           to
           believe
           themselves
           to
           be
           Phlegmatick
           and
           Melancholy
           .
           My self
           have
           oft
           been
           praesent
           at
           the
           demands
           
           of
           a
           censure
           upon
           the
           temperament
           of
           several
           ,
           whom
           some
           the
           infallible
           rules
           of
           Art
           did
           adjudg
           Sanguin
           ,
           others
           Cholerick
           ,
           &c.
           to
           this
           they
           would
           ever
           reply
           ,
           they
           found
           themselves
           Phlegmatick
           and
           Melancholly
           ;
           for
           every
           morning
           they
           spitted
           up
           such
           a
           great
           quantity
           of
           thick
           clotted
           flegm
           ,
           that
           they
           must
           needs
           thence
           infer
           their
           bodies
           to
           be
           Phlegmatick
           ;
           And
           Melancholy
           they
           were
           assured
           did
           possess
           'em
           ,
           for
           (
           say
           they
           )
           though
           for
           the
           most
           part
           in
           company
           they
           appeared
           chearful
           and
           pleasant
           ;
           yet
           being
           alone
           they
           were
           subject
           to
           lapse
           into
           Melancholy
           .
           To
           this
           reply
           was
           return'd
           ,
           that
           all
           men
           ,
           especially
           those
           that
           are
           accustomed
           to
           Suppers
           ,
           were
           subject
           to
           hawk
           and
           spit
           flegm
           at
           their
           awaking
           ,
           by
           reason
           of
           the
           vapors
           ,
           (
           occasioned
           through
           the
           heat
           of
           the
           Body
           ,
           drawing
           inwards
           to
           the
           center
           ,
           and
           melting
           the
           Phlegmatick
           and
           soluble
           humors
           of
           the
           Body
           ,
           )
           the
           Stomach
           and
           Bowels
           do
           transmit
           to
           the
           Brain
           ,
           during
           their
           sleep
           ,
           which
           as
           soon
           as
           the
           spirits
           are
           Ioosned
           ,
           (
           for
           through
           sleep
           they
           are
           tyed
           and
           lockt
           up
           ,
           )
           and
           begin
           to
           move
           ,
           are
           praecipitated
           and
           distil
           down
           to
           the
           Palat
           ,
           which
           to
           the
           Brain
           performs
           the
           office
           ,
           the
           Neck
           doth
           to
           the
           Head
           of
           an
           Alembick
           ;
           and
           indeed
           the
           Brain
           and
           its
           hollownesses
           being
           placed
           a
           top
           of
           the
           pipes
           of
           the
           Body
           ,
           is
           not
           unlike
           an
           Alembick
           head
           ,
           for
           attracting
           and
           distilling
           moist
           humors
           .
        
         
         
           §
           To
           return
           to
           the
           point
           of
           declaring
           ,
           how
           the
           vulgar
           strives
           even
           with
           violence
           to
           be
           cheated
           ,
           not
           in
           their
           Purses
           only
           ,
           but
           in
           their
           fancy
           and
           Opinion
           ;
           And
           in
           this
           particular
           our
           Women
           are
           so
           violently
           eager
           ,
           that
           if
           the
           vulgar
           Physician
           can
           but
           make
           a
           true
           sound
           upon
           the
           Treble
           of
           their
           Fancy
           ,
           will
           produce
           such
           a
           harmony
           ,
           as
           shall
           sound
           his
           praise
           through
           City
           and
           Countrey
           ;
           and
           without
           these
           Female
           Instruments
           or
           She
           Trumpets
           ,
           it
           's
           almost
           impossible
           for
           a
           Vulgarist
           to
           arrive
           to
           a
           famous
           report
           ,
           who
           having
           once
           by
           his
           Tongue
           harmony
           inchanted
           the
           women
           ,
           doth
           by
           the
           same
           cheat
           subject
           the
           Opinions
           of
           men
           to
           his
           advantage
           ,
           women
           generally
           usurping
           and
           impropriating
           the
           affair
           of
           their
           Husbands
           health
           to
           their
           own
           management
           ;
           for
           if
           a
           man
           chance
           to
           be
           surprized
           with
           sickness
           ,
           he
           praesently
           asks
           his
           Wife
           ,
           what
           Doctor
           he
           shall
           send
           to
           ,
           who
           instantly
           gives
           her
           direction
           to
           him
           ,
           that
           had
           her
           by
           the
           Nose
           last
           .
           In
           this
           piece
           of
           subtilty
           our
           Doctor
           shews
           himself
           no
           less
           cunning
           than
           the
           Serpent
           in
           Genesis
           ,
           who
           to
           cheat
           Adam
           thought
           it
           expedient
           first
           to
           deceive
           Eve.
           
        
         
           §
           Now
           without
           any
           further
           praeamble
           ,
           I
           must
           tell
           you
           the
           humour
           ,
           many
           a
           sick
           woman
           delights
           to
           be
           coaksed
           in
           by
           the
           ordinary
           Physician
           ,
           viz.
           she
           loves
           to
           be
           told
           ,
           she
           is
           very
           Melancholy
           ,
           
           though
           of
           never
           so
           merry
           a
           composure
           ,
           and
           in
           that
           part
           of
           the
           Letany
           ,
           Mr.
           Doctor
           is
           a
           perfect
           Reader
           :
           For
           a
           Woman
           making
           complaint
           she
           is
           troubled
           with
           Drowsiness
           ,
           want
           of
           Stomach
           ;
           Cough
           ,
           or
           almost
           any
           distemper
           ,
           he
           answers
           her
           she
           is
           in
           an
           ill
           State
           ,
           and
           troubled
           with
           great
           and
           dangerous
           Diseases
           ,
           and
           all
           engendred
           by
           Melancholy
           ;
           and
           then
           tells
           her
           once
           over
           again
           ,
           she
           is
           very
           Melancholy
           ,
           and
           saith
           he
           probably
           occasioned
           by
           course
           Treats
           at
           home
           ,
           or
           some
           unkindness
           of
           Friends
           ,
           which
           makes
           the
           poor
           Heart
           put
           finger
           in
           her
           eye
           ,
           and
           force
           a
           deep
           sigh
           or
           two
           ,
           and
           all
           this
           possibly
           for
           being
           denyed
           a
           Tankerd
           on
           Bartholomew
           Fair
           ,
           or
           a
           new
           Gown
           on
           May
           Day
           ,
           which
           being
           refresh'd
           in
           her
           memory
           ,
           doth
           certainly
           assure
           her
           ,
           the
           impression
           of
           that
           Melancholy
           to
           be
           the
           original
           of
           her
           trouble
           ,
           though
           some
           moneths
           or
           years
           past
           ,
           especially
           since
           her
           Physician
           discovers
           to
           her
           as
           much
           ,
           and
           for
           so
           doing
           admires
           him
           no
           less
           ,
           intending
           withall
           to
           give
           an
           ample
           Testimony
           to
           the
           world
           of
           her
           Doctor
           's
           great
           Skil
           :
           But
           this
           is
           not
           all
           ,
           he
           pursues
           his
           business
           ,
           looking
           into
           her
           Eyes
           ,
           where
           spying
           a
           small
           wrinckle
           or
           two
           in
           the
           inward
           or
           lesser
           angle
           ,
           he
           tells
           her
           ,
           she
           hath
           had
           a
           child
           or
           two
           ,
           namely
           a
           Boy
           or
           Girl
           ,
           according
           to
           the
           place
           of
           the
           foresaid
           wrinkle
           in
           the
           right
           or
           left
           inward
           angle
           ;
           Thence
           perswades
           
           her
           ,
           that
           at
           her
           last
           lying
           in
           ,
           her
           Midwife
           did
           not
           perform
           her
           office
           skilfully
           ,
           or
           did
           not
           lay
           her
           well
           ,
           whereby
           she
           received
           a
           great
           deal
           of
           praejudice
           ,
           as
           Cold
           ,
           wrenching
           ,
           or
           displacing
           of
           the
           Matrix
           ,
           &c.
           which
           instance
           squaring
           so
           exactly
           with
           the
           praemeditated
           sense
           &
           opinion
           of
           his
           she
           Patient
           ,
           (
           most
           Women
           though
           never
           so
           well
           accommodated
           in
           their
           Labour
           ,
           being
           prone
           to
           call
           the
           behaviour
           of
           their
           Midwife
           in
           question
           ,
           )
           he
           hath
           now
           produced
           a
           far
           greater
           confidence
           than
           before
           ;
           and
           last
           of
           all
           to
           compleat
           his
           work
           now
           at
           the
           Exit
           of
           his
           gulled
           Patient
           ,
           of
           rendring
           her
           thoughts
           ,
           opinion
           ,
           and
           confidence
           vassals
           to
           his
           service
           ,
           fame
           ,
           and
           advantage
           ,
           makes
           one
           overture
           more
           of
           a
           great
           cause
           of
           some
           of
           her
           symptoms
           ,
           declaring
           to
           her
           ,
           she
           is
           much
           subject
           to
           Fits
           of
           the
           Mother
           ,
           occasioning
           a
           choaking
           in
           her
           throat
           ;
           and
           herein
           they
           also
           jump
           in
           their
           Sentiments
           ,
           scarce
           one
           Woman
           in
           a
           hundred
           but
           one
           time
           or
           other
           is
           assaulted
           by
           those
           uterin
           steems
           ,
           especially
           upon
           a
           tempest
           of
           any
           of
           her
           Passions
           of
           fright
           ,
           fret
           ,
           anger
           ,
           love
           ,
           &c.
           
        
         
           §
           If
           I
           have
           hitherto
           reproach'd
           the
           vulgar
           Physician
           for
           executing
           his
           employ
           with
           so
           little
           Ingenuity
           ,
           far
           greater
           reason
           may
           move
           me
           to
           condemn
           the
           Water-Gazer
           ,
           who
           by
           the
           streams
           of
           the
           Urin
           praetends
           to
           gratifie
           his
           Patients
           nice
           curiosity
           
           of
           being
           resolved
           ,
           what
           was
           ,
           what
           is
           ,
           and
           what
           Disease
           is
           to
           come
           ;
           and
           what
           is
           more
           ,
           some
           by
           their
           great
           cunning
           aiming
           to
           discover
           as
           much
           by
           the
           Urinal
           ,
           as
           the
           Astrologer
           by
           the
           Globe
           .
           The
           fame
           unto
           which
           the
           English
           Doctor
           ,
           still
           residing
           at
           Leyden
           ,
           had
           promoted
           himself
           ,
           by
           his
           most
           wonderful
           sagacity
           in
           Urins
           ,
           is
           not
           unworthy
           of
           your
           note
           ,
           hundreds
           or
           rather
           thousands
           repairing
           to
           this
           stupendious
           Oracle
           ,
           to
           have
           the
           state
           of
           their
           Bodies
           described
           by
           their
           Urin.
           But
           when
           I
           relate
           to
           you
           the
           first
           means
           ,
           that
           gave
           birth
           to
           our
           Countrey-man's
           repute
           ,
           I
           shall
           soon
           remove
           your
           passion
           of
           admiring
           him
           .
           Upon
           his
           arrival
           at
           the
           place
           forementioned
           ,
           he
           had
           in
           his
           company
           a
           bold
           fellow
           ,
           that
           haunted
           the
           most
           noted
           Taverns
           and
           Tap-houses
           ,
           where
           by
           way
           of
           discourse
           divulged
           the
           good
           fortune
           that
           was
           hapned
           to
           the
           Town
           ,
           by
           the
           arrival
           of
           an
           English
           Doctor
           ,
           whose
           great
           Learning
           and
           particular
           Skil
           in
           Urins
           would
           soon
           render
           him
           famous
           to
           all
           the
           Inhabitants
           ;
           this
           being
           pronounced
           with
           a
           confidence
           suitable
           to
           the
           subject
           ,
           occasioned
           three
           sick
           Scholars
           ,
           (
           two
           Hecticks
           and
           one
           Hydropical
           ,
           )
           then
           present
           ,
           to
           make
           tryal
           of
           the
           truth
           of
           his
           words
           the
           next
           morning
           ,
           agreeing
           to
           mix
           all
           their
           Urines
           in
           one
           Urinal
           ,
           and
           to
           commit
           the
           carriage
           of
           it
           to
           him
           ,
           that
           was
           Dropsical
           .
           In
           the
           interim
           Mr.
           Doctor
           
           is
           advertis'd
           of
           it
           by
           his
           Companion
           ,
           which
           made
           him
           so
           skilful
           ,
           that
           when
           the
           Hydropical
           Scholar
           praesented
           him
           with
           the
           Urinal
           ,
           to
           know
           the
           state
           of
           his
           diseased
           Body
           ,
           he
           soon
           gravely
           replyed
           ,
           that
           he
           observed
           three
           Urins
           in
           this
           one
           Urinal
           ,
           whereof
           the
           two
           lowermost
           parts
           of
           the
           Urin
           appeared
           to
           him
           to
           be
           Consumptive
           ,
           and
           the
           third
           that
           floated
           a
           top
           Dropsical
           ,
           withall
           that
           their
           condition
           was
           desperate
           ,
           and
           at
           the
           expiration
           of
           six
           moneths
           ,
           they
           should
           be
           all
           lodged
           in
           their
           graves
           .
           This
           admirable
           dexterity
           of
           discerning
           Diseases
           by
           the
           Urinal
           ,
           was
           soon
           proclaimed
           by
           the
           Scholars
           themselves
           ,
           who
           all
           having
           finish'd
           the
           course
           of
           their
           lives
           within
           the
           time
           praefix'd
           ,
           proved
           an
           undoubted
           argument
           of
           his
           unparalel
           parts
           in
           the
           Art
           of
           Physick
           ,
           which
           immediately
           procured
           him
           an
           incredible
           concourse
           of
           people
           for
           many
           years
           together
           .
        
         
           §
           That
           the
           effects
           of
           confoederacy
           in
           promoting
           a
           Physician
           to
           a
           popular
           vogue
           ,
           are
           as
           powerful
           as
           sinister
           and
           dis-ingenious
           ,
           may
           evidently
           be
           deduced
           not
           only
           from
           this
           Narrative
           ,
           but
           from
           the
           common
           design
           of
           vulgar
           Empiricks
           ,
           who
           to
           raise
           their
           fame
           as
           high
           as
           a
           Pyramid
           ,
           send
           forth
           several
           Moúthers
           ,
           to
           Moúthe
           in
           all
           publick
           places
           ,
           Taverns
           ,
           Coffee
           and
           Ale-houses
           ,
           their
           vast
           abilities
           ,
           expecting
           with
           that
           
           bate
           to
           hook
           in
           as
           many
           Patients
           as
           will
           swallow
           it
           .
           Others
           are
           no
           less
           skilled
           ,
           in
           counterfeiting
           their
           great
           practice
           ,
           by
           causing
           their
           Apothecary
           ,
           or
           others
           ,
           to
           call
           'em
           out
           of
           the
           Church
           at
           an
           Afternoon
           Sermon
           ,
           to
           hasten
           post
           to
           a
           suborn'd
           Patient
           ,
           to
           the
           intent
           ,
           that
           the
           world
           be
           advertis'd
           of
           the
           weighty
           business
           this
           Doctor
           is
           concern'd
           in
           .
           Neither
           do
           I
           tell
           you
           a
           new
           thing
           ,
           that
           some
           few
           years
           past
           ,
           a
           little
           prating
           Empirick
           ,
           by
           insinuating
           into
           the
           speaking
           men
           and
           holders
           forth
           of
           Conventicles
           ,
           had
           inticed
           a
           far
           greater
           imploy
           ,
           there
           his
           real
           capacity
           in
           Physick
           could
           praetend
           to
           ,
           but
           being
           now
           well
           mounted
           on
           Horseback
           ,
           turns
           his
           Tayle
           to
           those
           ,
           that
           had
           so
           long
           held
           the
           Stirrup
           to
           him
           .
           Others
           by
           their
           Equipage
           ,
           Eminent
           houses
           ,
           and
           occasioning
           one
           and
           the
           same
           Patient
           to
           repair
           needlesly
           to
           them
           twenty
           or
           thirty
           times
           ,
           manifest
           a
           decoy
           even
           taken
           notice
           of
           by
           the
           vulgar
           .
           These
           few
           most
           disingenious
           wayes
           ,
           I
           do
           here
           purposely
           bring
           on
           the
           board
           ,
           omitting
           many
           others
           ,
           to
           convince
           the
           publick
           ,
           that
           the
           onely
           means
           for
           a
           Physician
           to
           advance
           himself
           honourably
           to
           practice
           ,
           is
           by
           discovering
           his
           real
           abilities
           ,
           in
           curing
           Diseases
           by
           quick
           ,
           certain
           ,
           and
           pleasant
           Medicines
           ,
           &
           therefore
           nothing
           should
           render
           his
           parts
           more
           suspicious
           ,
           than
           by
           attempting
           their
           discovery
           ,
           by
           such
           fallacious
           and
           ignoble
           devices
           ;
           
           for
           certainly
           the
           conclusion
           is
           most
           Sophistical
           ,
           that
           because
           this
           Doctor
           is
           drawn
           in
           his
           Coach
           ,
           t'other
           rides
           on
           Horseback
           ,
           or
           another
           hath
           a
           Lacquey
           at
           's
           heels
           ,
           therefore
           he
           must
           be
           excellently
           qualified
           in
           his
           Profession
           .
           But
           
             Vulgús
             vúlt
             decipi
          
           .
        
         
           §
           If
           now
           I
           describe
           by
           way
           of
           advice
           to
           those
           that
           are
           entring
           upon
           the
           Study
           of
           this
           Divine
           Art
           ,
           the
           method
           of
           attaining
           to
           a
           point
           of
           excellency
           in
           it
           ,
           that
           may
           serve
           our
           vulgar
           for
           a
           better
           rule
           ,
           to
           distinguish
           their
           attainments
           by
           the
           course
           they
           have
           passed
           through
           ;
           first
           ,
           it
           's
           most
           necessarily
           requisite
           ,
           our
           young
           Student
           should
           be
           perfectly
           instructed
           in
           the
           Latin
           and
           Greek
           Tongues
           ,
           being
           the
           universal
           keys
           to
           unlock
           all
           those
           Arts
           and
           Sciences
           ,
           and
           no
           less
           a
           grace
           to
           the
           future
           Physician
           .
           'T
           is
           in
           this
           particular
           many
           of
           our
           Embryonated
           Physicians
           ,
           that
           have
           of
           late
           years
           Transported
           themselves
           to
           
             Leyden
             &
             Utrick
          
           ,
           to
           purchase
           a
           degree
           ,
           have
           been
           found
           very
           defective
           ,
           insomuch
           that
           I
           have
           heard
           the
           Professors
           condemn
           several
           of
           them
           ,
           for
           their
           shameful
           imperfection
           in
           that
           ,
           which
           is
           so
           great
           an
           adornment
           ,
           and
           of
           so
           absolute
           an
           use
           in
           the
           Study
           of
           Physick
           .
           Neither
           can
           less
           be
           suspected
           of
           some
           of
           the
           more
           aged
           vulgar
           Physicians
           ,
           making
           choice
           to
           manage
           their
           consultations
           in
           the
           vulgar
           Tongue
           .
           Secondly
           ,
           being
           thus
           qualified
           
           for
           a
           Student
           ,
           he
           ought
           to
           apply
           himself
           close
           to
           the
           Study
           of
           Philosophy
           ,
           for
           which
           Oxford
           and
           Cambridge
           may
           justly
           challenge
           a
           praeeminence
           above
           other
           Universities
           .
           Here
           it
           's
           our
           Student
           learns
           to
           speak
           like
           a
           Scholar
           ,
           and
           is
           informed
           in
           the
           principles
           of
           Nature
           ,
           and
           the
           constitution
           of
           natural
           bodies
           ,
           and
           so
           receiving
           a
           rough
           draught
           in
           his
           mind
           ,
           is
           to
           be
           accomplish'd
           by
           that
           excellent
           Science
           of
           humane
           Bodies
           .
           But
           because
           according
           to
           the
           first
           Aphorism
           of
           the
           first
           Master
           
             Hippocrates
             ,
             Art
             is
             long
             ,
             and
             Life
             is
             short
             ,
          
           he
           ought
           to
           ingage
           his
           Diligence
           ,
           to
           absolve
           his
           Philosophical
           course
           in
           two
           years
           at
           longest
           ,
           and
           in
           the
           interim
           for
           his
           Recreation
           and
           Divertisements
           enter
           himself
           Scholar
           to
           the
           Gardener
           of
           the
           Physick
           Garden
           ,
           to
           be
           acquainted
           with
           the
           foetures
           of
           Plants
           ;
           but
           particularly
           with
           those
           ,
           that
           are
           familiarly
           praescribed
           by
           Practitioners
           ,
           to
           praevent
           being
           out-witted
           by
           the
           Herb-women
           in
           the
           Markets
           ,
           and
           to
           enable
           him
           to
           give
           a
           better
           answer
           ,
           than
           it
           is
           storied
           once
           a
           Physician
           did
           ,
           who
           having
           praescribed
           Maiden-hair
           in
           his
           Bill
           ,
           the
           Apothecary
           asked
           him
           which
           sort
           he
           meant
           ,
           t'other
           replyed
           ,
           some
           of
           the
           Locks
           of
           a
           Virgin.
           Thirdly
           ,
           supposing
           our
           Student
           to
           have
           made
           a
           sufficient
           progress
           in
           Philosophy
           ,
           may
           now
           pass
           to
           Leyden
           ,
           and
           enter
           himself
           into
           a
           Collegium
           
           Anatomicum
           ,
           Anatomy
           being
           the
           basis
           and
           foundation
           ,
           whereon
           that
           weighty
           structure
           of
           Physick
           is
           to
           be
           raised
           ;
           and
           unless
           he
           acquires
           a
           more
           than
           ordinary
           knowledge
           and
           dexterity
           in
           this
           ,
           will
           certainly
           be
           deceived
           in
           the
           expectation
           ,
           of
           ever
           arriving
           to
           the
           honour
           ,
           of
           being
           justly
           termed
           an
           
             Accomplish'd
             Physician
          
           .
           A
           proficiency
           in
           that
           part
           fits
           him
           for
           a
           
             Collegium
             Medicum
             Institutionum
          
           ,
           and
           afterwards
           for
           a
           
             Collegium
             Practicum
          
           ,
           and
           then
           it
           's
           requisite
           he
           should
           embrace
           the
           opportunity
           of
           visiting
           the
           Sick
           in
           the
           Hospital
           ,
           twice
           a
           week
           with
           the
           Physick
           Professor
           ,
           where
           he
           shall
           hear
           him
           examine
           those
           Patients
           ,
           with
           all
           the
           exactness
           imaginable
           ,
           and
           point
           at
           every
           Disease
           and
           its
           Symptoms
           as
           it
           were
           with
           his
           finger
           ,
           and
           afterwards
           propose
           several
           cases
           upon
           those
           distempers
           ,
           demanding
           from
           every
           young
           Student
           his
           Opinion
           ,
           and
           his
           grounds
           and
           reasons
           for
           it
           ;
           withall
           requiring
           of
           him
           ,
           what
           course
           of
           Physick
           ought
           to
           be
           praescribed
           .
           This
           is
           the
           only
           way
           for
           a
           young
           Physician
           to
           attain
           to
           a
           habit
           of
           knowing
           Diseases
           ,
           when
           he
           seeth
           them
           ,
           and
           a
           confident
           method
           of
           ouring
           those
           ,
           that
           may
           repair
           to
           him
           ,
           without
           running
           the
           hazzard
           of
           being
           censured
           by
           the
           Apothecaries
           ,
           or
           derided
           by
           'em
           for
           his
           Bills
           ,
           as
           too
           many
           are
           ,
           that
           at
           Oxford
           and
           Cambridge
           have
           only
           imbided
           a
           part
           of
           
           Senuert's
           Institutions
           ,
           
           and
           overlook'd
           
             Riverius
             his
             Practice
          
           ,
           and
           thence
           attaining
           to
           an
           imperfect
           and
           unhappy
           Skill
           ,
           by
           enlarging
           the
           Church-yards
           in
           the
           City
           or
           Countrey
           ;
           but
           what
           is
           more
           ,
           he
           shall
           escape
           the
           danger
           ,
           a
           young
           Student
           I
           formerly
           knew
           in
           Oxford
           praecipitated
           himself
           into
           ,
           by
           imagining
           every
           Disease
           he
           read
           ,
           was
           his
           own
           ▪
           I
           must
           likewise
           advise
           our
           Student
           to
           take
           his
           Lodgings
           there
           at
           an
           able
           Apothecaries
           house
           ,
           to
           contract
           the
           knowledge
           of
           Drugs
           ,
           and
           of
           praeparing
           ,
           dispensing
           ,
           and
           mixing
           them
           into
           Compositions
           ,
           and
           then
           by
           means
           of
           his
           other
           qualifications
           ,
           may
           boldly
           praetend
           to
           direct
           ,
           inform
           ,
           correct
           ,
           and
           reprove
           those
           Apothecaries
           ,
           which
           the
           chance
           of
           his
           Practice
           shall
           conduct
           him
           to
           ;
           for
           it
           would
           be
           adjudged
           ridiculous
           ,
           should
           a
           Physician
           undertake
           to
           reprehend
           ,
           and
           afterward
           bend
           his
           force
           ,
           to
           suppress
           and
           decry
           Apothecaries
           ,
           privately
           or
           publickly
           ,
           without
           having
           first
           acquired
           a
           particular
           experience
           in
           their
           Art.
           Here
           it
           is
           again
           ,
           the
           vulgar
           Physician
           is
           wrapt
           up
           in
           a
           cloud
           ,
           and
           the
           Apothecaries
           dance
           round
           him
           ;
           he
           praescribes
           Medicines
           he
           never
           saw
           ,
           they
           praepare
           them
           according
           to
           their
           own
           will
           and
           pleasure
           .
           Whether
           you
           would
           not
           attribute
           a
           great
           honour
           to
           a
           certain
           vulgar
           Physician
           ,
           whom
           the
           Commonalty
           of
           this
           City
           did
           embrace
           as
           their
           Minion
           ,
           for
           his
           great
           abilities
           
           in
           Physick
           ;
           he
           entring
           a
           Druggist's
           Shop
           in
           Cheap-side
           ,
           spyed
           a
           great
           piece
           of
           a
           remarkable
           white
           light
           spongy
           Drug
           ,
           took
           it
           in
           his
           hand
           ,
           and
           inquired
           what
           it
           was
           ;
           to
           whom
           the
           Druggist
           said
           ,
           
             do
             you
             not
             know
             it
             Mr.
             Doctor
             ?
          
           who
           replyed
           ,
           
             No
             ;
             Why
          
           ,
           said
           the
           other
           ,
           
             it
             's
             that
             you
             have
             praescribed
             a
             thousand
             times
             in
             your
             Bills
             ,
             and
             you
             praescribed
             it
             to
             me
             but
             the
             other
             day
             ;
             Pray
             what
             is
             't
             then
          
           ;
           said
           the
           Doctor
           ?
           t'other
           answered
           him
           ,
           
             Sir
             ,
             it
             's
          
           Agarick
           ;
           Agarick
           ,
           quoth
           the
           Doctor
           ,
           
             is
             this
          
           Agarick
           ?
           
             O
             wonderful
          
           ?
        
         
           §
           Neither
           is
           it
           over
           those
           alone
           the
           Physician
           justly
           claims
           a
           super-intendence
           ,
           but
           over
           Chyrurgeons
           likewise
           ;
           and
           therefore
           in
           this
           his
           course
           of
           Study
           ,
           would
           contribute
           to
           his
           future
           qualification
           ,
           in
           sojourning
           a
           year
           with
           an
           experienced
           Manual
           Operator
           ,
           without
           any
           hinderance
           to
           his
           other
           affair
           ,
           and
           there
           by
           an
           Ocular
           inspection
           ,
           and
           handling
           of
           all
           his
           Instruments
           ,
           demanding
           their
           names
           ,
           uses
           ,
           and
           manner
           of
           using
           ,
           withall
           by
           insinuations
           to
           visit
           his
           Chyrurgical
           Patients
           ,
           and
           see
           him
           dress
           them
           ,
           would
           render
           his
           Study
           in
           Chyrurgery
           so
           plain
           and
           easie
           ,
           which
           otherwise
           might
           be
           thought
           difficult
           ,
           that
           it
           should
           enable
           him
           to
           give
           Laws
           to
           Chyrurgeons
           also
           ,
           especially
           to
           those
           that
           execute
           their
           office
           with
           that
           rashness
           ,
           indiscretion
           ,
           and
           dishonesty
           ,
           as
           I
           once
           was
           told
           a
           Chyrurgeon
           
           did
           ,
           who
           being
           met
           by
           a
           friend
           upon
           the
           street
           ,
           was
           inquired
           of
           ,
           whether
           he
           was
           going
           in
           so
           great
           hast
           ?
           T'other
           made
           answer
           ,
           
             to
             get
             a
             brave
             Gelding
             out
             of
             a
             Gentleman's
             Leg
          
           ;
           which
           being
           but
           superficially
           hurt
           ,
           he
           to
           accomplish
           his
           design
           ,
           did
           by
           sharp
           gnawing
           Oyntments
           and
           Plaisters
           purposely
           widen
           the
           Wound
           ,
           until
           at
           length
           by
           his
           tampering
           ,
           a
           Gangraene
           happened
           ,
           and
           thereupon
           his
           Leg
           was
           taken
           off
           below
           the
           knee
           ,
           which
           soon
           after
           put
           a
           period
           to
           his
           life
           .
           To
           this
           may
           be
           subjoyned
           another
           gross
           error
           ,
           
             Fabricius
             Hildanus
          
           (
           if
           I
           mistake
           not
           )
           makes
           mention
           of
           ,
           and
           committed
           by
           a
           Chyrurgeon
           ,
           that
           was
           called
           to
           remove
           a
           hard
           tumor
           in
           the
           Belly
           ,
           which
           by
           the
           application
           of
           an
           Emollient
           Cataplasm
           ,
           being
           brought
           to
           softness
           ,
           he
           judged
           it
           ripe
           and
           fit
           for
           opening
           ,
           &
           accordingly
           made
           a
           deep
           Incision
           into
           the
           Tumor
           ,
           whereout
           in
           stead
           of
           Matter
           ,
           there
           gush'd
           some
           softned
           Excrements
           ,
           the
           whole
           business
           being
           nothing
           but
           a
           stoppage
           and
           swelling
           of
           the
           Guts
           through
           the
           Ordure
           that
           was
           hardned
           ;
           which
           a
           Laxative
           Glyster
           would
           have
           removed
           in
           an
           instant
           .
           No
           less
           mistake
           ,
           and
           in
           the
           same
           case
           of
           the
           stoppage
           of
           the
           Guts
           ,
           with
           some
           small
           Inflammation
           ,
           was
           committed
           the
           other
           day
           by
           a
           French
           Chyrurgeon
           ,
           who
           learnedly
           praescribed
           a
           Glyster
           of
           eight
           or
           ten
           Ounces
           of
           Spirits
           of
           Wine
           ,
           with
           four
           
           or
           five
           Ounces
           of
           Oyl
           of
           Turpentine
           ,
           which
           render'd
           the
           Inflammation
           Mortal
           ;
           and
           so
           the
           Brewer
           ,
           for
           that
           was
           his
           Vocation
           ,
           though
           a
           young
           man
           ,
           was
           by
           those
           fatal
           hot
           Liquors
           that
           were
           infused
           into
           his
           Guts
           ,
           removed
           out
           of
           this
           world
           ,
           who
           in
           my
           opinion
           in
           the
           beginning
           of
           this
           accident
           ,
           did
           not
           appear
           with
           the
           least
           Character
           that
           might
           praesage
           his
           death
           .
        
         
           §
           These
           two
           years
           having
           given
           occasion
           to
           our
           Student
           to
           acquire
           a
           System
           and
           a
           brief
           compraehension
           of
           the
           Theory
           of
           Physick
           ,
           and
           of
           the
           Practice
           likewise
           ;
           nothing
           more
           remains
           ,
           than
           to
           amplifie
           his
           commenced
           Knowledge
           and
           Experience
           by
           his
           further
           Travails
           ,
           to
           which
           end
           takes
           his
           Journey
           to
           Paris
           ,
           to
           be
           acquainted
           with
           the
           most
           famed
           Physicians
           ,
           and
           informed
           in
           their
           way
           of
           Practice
           ,
           by
           surveying
           their
           praescripts
           at
           the
           most
           frequented
           Apothecaries
           ,
           to
           visit
           for
           a
           year
           every
           day
           the
           Hospitals
           of
           
             L'
             Hostel
             Dieú
          
           ,
           and
           
             La
             Charité
          
           ;
           in
           which
           latter
           it's
           customary
           for
           any
           three
           or
           four
           young
           Physicians
           ,
           to
           examine
           and
           overlook
           the
           new
           entred
           Patients
           ,
           to
           name
           their
           Distempers
           among
           themselves
           ,
           and
           propose
           their
           Cures
           ,
           for
           to
           compare
           afterwards
           their
           opinions
           with
           the
           Physicians
           ,
           that
           are
           appointed
           for
           the
           Hospital
           ;
           It
           is
           here
           ,
           where
           twice
           a
           Week
           he
           may
           see
           Mounsieur
           Ianot
           (
           if
           living
           ,
           for
           it
           's
           above
           sixteen
           years
           since
           I
           
           saw
           him
           )
           the
           most
           reputed
           Chyrurgeon
           of
           this
           Age
           ,
           perform
           the
           most
           difficult
           Operations
           of
           Chyrurgery
           ,
           as
           Trypaning
           ,
           Amputating
           ,
           Cuting
           of
           the
           Stone
           ,
           Tapping
           of
           the
           Belly
           and
           Breast
           ,
           with
           the
           greatest
           dexterity
           imaginable
           .
           Here
           he
           may
           also
           observe
           Wounds
           and
           Ulcers
           cured
           by
           vertue
           of
           those
           famed
           Waters
           ,
           viz.
           The
           
             White
             water
          
           ,
           and
           the
           
             Yellow
             water
             ▪
          
           the
           former
           being
           
             Aqua
             calcis
          
           ,
           the
           latter
           the
           same
           with
           an
           addition
           of
           Sublimate
           .
        
         
           §
           The
           Art
           of
           praeparing
           Medicines
           Chymically
           ,
           having
           merited
           a
           great
           esteem
           for
           its
           stupendious
           and
           admirable
           effects
           in
           the
           most
           despair'd
           Diseases
           ,
           shews
           a
           necessity
           of
           being
           instructed
           in
           it
           ,
           and
           therefore
           a
           Student
           may
           for
           the
           price
           of
           three
           Pistols
           ,
           purchase
           a
           most
           exact
           Skil
           in
           it
           ,
           of
           one
           Mounsieur
           Barlet
           ,
           if
           surviving
           .
        
         
           §
           Having
           attain'd
           his
           Scope
           in
           this
           place
           ,
           his
           curiosity
           ought
           to
           direct
           him
           to
           Monpelier
           ,
           where
           he
           will
           meet
           with
           a
           concourse
           of
           the
           greatests
           Proficients
           in
           Physick
           of
           Europe
           ,
           converse
           with
           the
           Professors
           and
           Physicians
           of
           the
           place
           ,
           and
           out
           of
           'em
           all
           extract
           choice
           Observations
           ,
           Secrets
           ,
           and
           most
           subtil
           Opinions
           upon
           several
           Diseases
           ,
           which
           design
           can
           scarce
           be
           compassed
           in
           less
           than
           another
           year
           .
           Now
           we
           must
           suppose
           our
           Student
           to
           merit
           the
           title
           of
           an
           able
           
           experienced
           Physician
           ,
           and
           raised
           far
           above
           those
           vulgar
           ones
           ,
           that
           never
           felt
           the
           cold
           beyond
           the
           Chimneys
           of
           their
           homes
           .
           He
           is
           now
           render'd
           capable
           of
           understanding
           the
           greatest
           mysteries
           ,
           and
           most
           acute
           opinions
           in
           Physick
           ,
           which
           he
           is
           chiefly
           to
           expect
           from
           those
           reputed
           Professors
           of
           the
           Albó
           at
           Padua
           ,
           where
           he
           is
           likewise
           to
           continue
           his
           diligence
           in
           visiting
           the
           famed
           Hospital
           of
           
             San
             Lorenzo
          
           ,
           and
           observe
           the
           Italian
           method
           ,
           of
           curing
           Diseases
           by
           alterative
           Broaths
           ,
           without
           Purging
           or
           Bleeding
           ,
           that
           Climat
           seldom
           suffering
           Plethories
           in
           those
           dry
           Bodies
           :
           he
           cannot
           but
           be
           wonderfully
           pleased
           with
           the
           variety
           and
           excellent
           order
           of
           the
           plants
           of
           their
           Physick-garden
           ,
           by
           them
           called
           
             Horto
             di
             Semplici
          
           .
           Neither
           will
           he
           receive
           less
           satisfaction
           from
           the
           curious
           and
           most
           dexterous
           dissections
           ,
           performed
           by
           the
           artificial
           hand
           of
           the
           Anatomy
           Professor
           .
           Having
           made
           his
           abode
           here
           six
           months
           ,
           may
           justly
           aspire
           to
           a
           degree
           of
           
             Doctor
             in
             Physick
          
           ,
           which
           the
           fame
           of
           the
           place
           should
           perswade
           him
           to
           take
           here
           ,
           being
           the
           Imperial
           University
           for
           Physick
           of
           all
           others
           in
           the
           world
           ,
           and
           where
           Physicians
           do
           pass
           a
           very
           exact
           Scrutiny
           ,
           and
           severe
           Test.
           Hence
           may
           Transport
           himself
           to
           Bolongne
           ,
           and
           in
           three
           months
           time
           add
           to
           his
           improvements
           ,
           what
           is
           possible
           by
           the
           advantage
           of
           the
           Hospital
           ,
           and
           the
           Professors
           .
           
           Last
           of
           all
           in
           imitation
           of
           the
           diligent
           Bee
           ,
           sucking
           Honey
           out
           of
           all
           sweet
           Flowers
           ,
           our
           Doctor
           must
           not
           neglect
           to
           extract
           something
           ,
           that
           his
           knowledge
           did
           not
           partake
           of
           before
           ,
           out
           of
           the
           Eminentest
           Practitioners
           at
           Rome
           ,
           examine
           the
           chief
           Apothecaries
           Files
           ,
           and
           still
           frequent
           those
           three
           renown'd
           Hospitals
           of
           
             San
             Spirito
          
           in
           the
           Vatican
           ,
           
             San
             Giovanni
             Laterano
          
           on
           the
           Mount
           Celio
           ,
           and
           that
           of
           
             San
             Giacomo
             di
             Augusta
          
           in
           the
           Valley
           Martia
           ,
           besides
           many
           others
           ;
           as
           that
           of
           
             San
             Tomaso
             ,
             San
             Ludovico
             ,
             Santa
             Maria
             della
             Consolatione
             ,
             Sant
             '
             Antonio
             ,
             Sant
             '
             Andrea
             ,
          
           &c.
           
        
         
           §
           As
           a
           Picture
           is
           raised
           to
           the
           highest
           point
           of
           admiration
           by
           the
           variety
           of
           excellent
           colours
           ;
           so
           the
           Intellectuals
           of
           a
           Physician
           are
           incomparably
           adorned
           with
           the
           addition
           of
           those
           various
           accomplishments
           ,
           his
           Travails
           through
           several
           Countreys
           afford
           .
           Wherefore
           ought
           not
           to
           content
           himself
           ,
           with
           the
           sole
           improvement
           of
           his
           profession
           ,
           for
           so
           vast
           an
           expense
           ,
           trouble
           ,
           and
           passing
           through
           so
           many
           dangers
           ,
           but
           like
           an
           expert
           Chymist
           ,
           draw
           essences
           of
           all
           discourses
           ,
           the
           ingenuity
           of
           those
           Travailers
           from
           other
           parts
           of
           the
           world
           do
           offer
           .
           There
           should
           not
           a
           particular
           thing
           of
           note
           in
           any
           City
           escape
           his
           view
           ,
           especially
           at
           Rome
           ,
           where
           six
           months
           is
           too
           small
           a
           space
           to
           examine
           all
           those
           Holy
           Relicts
           ,
           
           and
           antiquities
           ,
           though
           employed
           to
           a
           full
           advantage
           ,
           without
           losing
           a
           day
           .
           The
           same
           movement
           should
           also
           incite
           him
           to
           visit
           the
           renown'd
           City
           of
           Naples
           ,
           and
           take
           a
           Survey
           of
           the
           antiquities
           and
           wonders
           of
           Nature
           about
           Puzzuolo
           .
           Having
           thus
           in
           all
           particulars
           satisfied
           his
           curiosity
           ,
           may
           consult
           about
           the
           most
           advantageous
           way
           homewards
           ,
           which
           is
           to
           Embark
           in
           a
           Felouck
           to
           Legorn
           ,
           to
           observe
           the
           excellent
           contrivance
           of
           this
           so
           famed
           Sea
           port
           ;
           not
           omitting
           to
           admire
           enough
           that
           incomparable
           piece
           of
           Art
           of
           the
           four
           Slaves
           in
           Brass
           ,
           that
           are
           placed
           at
           the
           Fountain
           near
           the
           inner
           mole
           .
           Hence
           may
           pass
           to
           Pisa
           to
           behold
           the
           
             Pendent
             Steeple
          
           ,
           and
           thence
           to
           Lucca
           ,
           where
           he
           cannot
           but
           estrange
           how
           so
           small
           a
           Common-wealth
           doth
           secure
           it self
           from
           the
           violation
           of
           so
           powerful
           Neighbours
           .
           Being
           return'd
           the
           same
           way
           to
           Legorn
           ,
           takes
           the
           opportunity
           of
           a
           Felouk
           to
           Genoa
           ,
           thence
           by
           Land
           to
           Milan
           ,
           where
           he
           must
           not
           forget
           to
           see
           the
           finest
           Hospital
           of
           the
           Universe
           ,
           and
           the
           invincible
           Citadel
           ,
           which
           the
           world
           hath
           so
           much
           discours'd
           of
           .
           Hence
           passes
           the
           Alps
           and
           that
           stupendious
           Mount
           St.
           Godart
           to
           Altorf
           and
           Lucern
           ,
           both
           Popish
           Cantons
           ,
           and
           thence
           to
           Bazil
           the
           chief
           of
           the
           Protestant
           Cantons
           ,
           resolving
           not
           to
           leave
           this
           City
           without
           admiring
           the
           great
           Masterpiece
           of
           
             Holbeens
             Dance
          
           
           of
           the
           Dead
           .
           Here
           he
           is
           to
           purchase
           a
           Boat
           for
           two
           Crowns
           to
           carry
           him
           down
           the
           River
           Rhine
           to
           Strasburg
           ,
           where
           being
           arrived
           ,
           gives
           the
           Boat
           to
           him
           that
           guided
           it
           thither
           for
           his
           pains
           ;
           besides
           the
           handsomness
           of
           this
           old
           City
           ,
           that
           inimitable
           piece
           of
           Clock-work
           in
           the
           great
           Church
           ,
           and
           the
           height
           and
           artifice
           of
           the
           Steeple
           ;
           there
           is
           little
           else
           worth
           your
           note
           ,
           except
           a
           Monastery
           ,
           where
           you
           may
           taste
           Wine
           of
           a
           hundred
           and
           fourscore
           ,
           and
           another
           sort
           of
           two
           hundred
           years
           old
           ,
           contained
           in
           Hogsheads
           ,
           that
           for
           the
           truth
           of
           the
           business
           ,
           have
           the
           Magistrates
           Seal
           upon
           them
           .
           Hence
           by
           Boat
           or
           Coach
           passes
           to
           Heydelberg
           ,
           the
           chief
           Residence
           of
           the
           Prince
           Elector
           Palatin
           ,
           for
           his
           great
           wisdom
           ,
           prudence
           ,
           and
           conduct
           the
           most
           admired
           by
           the
           whole
           Empire
           ;
           neither
           is
           it
           without
           reason
           ,
           that
           so
           many
           are
           by
           their
           curiosity
           conducted
           hither
           ,
           to
           observe
           the
           splendor
           ,
           government
           ,
           and
           wonderful
           order
           of
           this
           Court
           ;
           and
           to
           please
           themselves
           with
           the
           sight
           of
           his
           Highnesses
           Guards
           of
           Cavalry
           ,
           who
           have
           the
           repute
           for
           the
           best
           managers
           of
           Horses
           ,
           and
           the
           best
           Disciplin'd
           in
           their
           Arms
           beyond
           any
           in
           France
           ;
           And
           his
           Guards
           of
           Blew
           Coats
           far
           to
           out-do
           the
           Low-Countrey
           Souldiers
           in
           their
           Exercises
           .
           The
           English
           Gentlemen
           ow
           the
           greatest
           honour
           to
           this
           Prince
           ,
           for
           that
           honourable
           and
           particular
           reception
           they
           
           have
           in
           his
           Court.
           The
           Castle
           for
           its
           scituation
           and
           Structure
           merits
           your
           view
           ,
           whence
           you
           are
           not
           like
           to
           return
           ,
           without
           having
           tasted
           of
           the
           Liquor
           ,
           that
           's
           drawn
           out
           of
           the
           great
           Tun
           of
           Heydelberg
           .
           Hence
           by
           Boat
           descends
           the
           Necker
           to
           Manheim
           ,
           a
           very
           compleat
           little
           Town
           ,
           and
           thence
           down
           the
           Rhine
           to
           Worms
           ,
           the
           ancientest
           City
           of
           the
           Empire
           ,
           and
           so
           to
           Mentz
           ,
           the
           Staple
           for
           all
           Rhenish
           Wines
           ,
           where
           the
           Inhabitants
           will
           tell
           you
           of
           a
           
             Perpetuum
             Mobile
          
           ,
           a
           Clock
           that
           went
           exact
           for
           seven
           years
           together
           ,
           without
           being
           wound
           or
           drawn
           up
           ,
           which
           by
           the
           Death
           of
           the
           Inventor
           is
           left
           unrepair'd
           .
           Thence
           to
           Bachrach
           ,
           a
           Garrison
           Town
           rendering
           obedience
           to
           the
           Prince
           Palatin
           ,
           and
           noted
           for
           the
           production
           of
           those
           small
           Rhenish
           Wines
           ,
           which
           being
           exalted
           with
           an
           Artificial
           flavor
           ,
           (
           as
           the
           vulgar
           improperly
           calleth
           it
           ,
           )
           please
           our
           English
           palats
           ,
           beyond
           the
           other
           sorts
           ,
           though
           the
           least
           in
           esteem
           among
           the
           Germans
           and
           other
           exact
           discerners
           ,
           because
           they
           are
           fired
           Wines
           ,
           (
           as
           they
           term
           'em
           )
           that
           is
           ,
           not
           being
           endowed
           with
           a
           sufficient
           quantity
           of
           Spirits
           ,
           and
           strength
           ,
           to
           put
           themselves
           into
           a
           Natural
           fret
           ,
           (
           as
           all
           other
           Wines
           do
           )
           are
           forced
           into
           one
           by
           kindling
           a
           fire
           round
           the
           Vessels
           that
           contain
           them
           ,
           whereby
           also
           are
           render'd
           subject
           to
           be
           pall'd
           in
           a
           short
           time
           .
           
             Rinckhow
             ,
             Oppenheym
             ,
             Mosel
             ,
             Necker
             ,
          
           
           
             Franckoner
             ,
             Stinkerd
             ,
             Bleykerd
          
           ,
           and
           Hochmer
           Wines
           ,
           in
           taste
           and
           wholsomness
           excel
           all
           others
           ,
           and
           are
           called
           Rhenish
           Wines
           ,
           not
           from
           their
           growth
           upon
           the
           Borders
           of
           the
           Rhine
           ,
           but
           from
           their
           Transportation
           down
           that
           River
           .
           
             Cobelents
             ,
             Andernach
          
           ,
           and
           Collen
           are
           the
           next
           Towns.
           Thence
           by
           Land
           to
           
             Brussel
             ,
             Gaunt
             ,
             Ostend
             ,
             Nieuport
             ,
             Dunkirk
             ,
             Gravelin
             ,
          
           and
           Calis
           ,
           and
           thence
           to
           the
           place
           his
           inclinations
           for
           his
           future
           settlement
           may
           praefer
           ;
           where
           by
           his
           vast
           experience
           and
           knowledge
           being
           rendred
           conspicuous
           in
           the
           secure
           and
           certain
           method
           of
           his
           Cures
           ,
           will
           soon
           give
           occasion
           to
           the
           vulgar
           ,
           to
           discern
           the
           difference
           between
           him
           &
           the
           ordinary
           Church-yard
           Physicians
           ,
           who
           by
           their
           sordid
           deports
           ,
           and
           dangerous
           practice
           ,
           make
           it
           their
           business
           to
           ease
           the
           blind
           people
           of
           the
           weight
           in
           their
           Pockets
           ,
           and
           plunge
           'em
           into
           worse
           Diseases
           ;
           and
           therefore
           of
           all
           Cities
           none
           can
           esteem
           it self
           more
           happy
           than
           this
           of
           London
           ,
           for
           being
           graced
           with
           so
           great
           a
           number
           of
           accomplish'd
           Physicians
           ,
           many
           of
           whom
           have
           contributed
           their
           parts
           to
           the
           repute
           and
           fame
           of
           their
           Countrey
           ,
           by
           their
           accurate
           and
           learned
           Pens
           ,
           so
           much
           admired
           by
           other
           Nations
           ,
           and
           their
           Writings
           honoured
           by
           frequent
           impressions
           .
           It
           is
           the
           singular
           respect
           and
           esteem
           I
           ever
           had
           for
           them
           ,
           that
           at
           present
           hath
           animated
           me
           to
           render
           the
           
           vulgar
           sensible
           of
           the
           excellency
           of
           their
           accomplishments
           ,
           to
           whom
           they
           one
           a
           particular
           honour
           for
           their
           readiness
           ,
           in
           employing
           what
           their
           great
           Expences
           ,
           Travails
           ,
           and
           indefatigable
           Study
           have
           gained
           ,
           in
           the
           assistance
           and
           relief
           of
           their
           languishing
           Bodies
           against
           Death
           and
           its
           causes
           .
           Neither
           is
           it
           that
           onely
           should
           give
           them
           so
           great
           a
           share
           in
           your
           opinions
           ,
           but
           the
           splendor
           and
           eminency
           their
           Art
           and
           Profession
           is
           invested
           with
           ,
           since
           Princes
           can
           for
           a
           time
           wave
           the
           important
           affairs
           of
           their
           Throne
           ,
           to
           admire
           the
           least
           part
           of
           it
           ,
           in
           beholding
           the
           wonders
           of
           Nature-in
           Spagyrical
           praeparations
           and
           Chymical
           transmutations
           ;
           And
           what
           is
           more
           !
           Since
           the
           great
           King
           of
           Heaven
           and
           Earth
           ,
           Christ
           ,
           to
           promote
           his
           glory
           and
           honour
           ,
           assumed
           the
           Profession
           of
           a
           Physician
           ,
           in
           curing
           Lunaticks
           ,
           Blind
           ,
           Lame
           ,
           and
           all
           other
           Diseases
           :
           Wherefore
           if
           hence
           only
           the
           descent
           of
           the
           Nobility
           of
           the
           Art
           of
           Physick
           be
           derived
           ,
           it
           's
           an
           invincible
           argument
           ,
           that
           none
           should
           dare
           to
           assume
           it
           ,
           but
           persons
           signally
           qualified
           ,
           inferring
           it
           to
           be
           no
           less
           sin
           ,
           than
           a
           great
           crime
           in
           those
           Empiricks
           and
           Apothecaries
           ,
           that
           praesume
           &
           incroach
           upon
           it
           ,
           to
           the
           hazzard
           of
           peoples
           lives
           ,
           and
           guilt
           of
           the
           punishment
           ,
           the
           Law
           of
           God
           and
           Man
           imposes
           upon
           wilful
           Murder
           .
           But
           then
           should
           all
           those
           that
           have
           too
           early
           been
           abandon'd
           to
           their
           
           Graves
           ,
           return
           to
           demand
           justice
           for
           the
           poysonous
           Pills
           and
           infected
           Potions
           ,
           what
           would
           the
           survivers
           in
           case
           of
           a
           Colick
           do
           for
           such
           ,
           as
           
             Secundum
             Artem
          
           should
           handle
           the
           Glyster-pipe
           ?
           And
           should
           they
           in
           earnest
           for
           this
           be
           summoned
           before
           a
           Bar
           ,
           they
           would
           wittily
           plead
           ,
           there
           can
           be
           no
           Murder
           without
           a
           praemeditated
           malice
           ,
           which
           though
           their
           Pills
           were
           guilty
           of
           ,
           their
           intention
           was
           sincere
           ,
           and
           therefore
           the
           inditement
           lyeth
           only
           against
           the
           Pill
           ,
           and
           not
           the
           Practising
           Apothecary
           ;
           so
           that
           only
           he
           may
           kill
           by
           Law.
           
        
         
           My
           scope
           hitherto
           hath
           directed
           me
           to
           undeceive
           the
           Hoodwinckt
           vulgar
           ;
           which
           so
           far
           I
           have
           performed
           ,
           as
           the
           Theory
           of
           Church-yard
           Physicians
           tends
           to
           ,
           in
           their
           gross
           and
           groundless
           conjectures
           at
           their
           Diseases
           ,
           wherein
           a
           mistake
           threats
           no
           less
           danger
           than
           a
           Pilot
           is
           apprehensive
           of
           upon
           an
           erroneous
           discovery
           of
           his
           port
           ,
           in
           which
           case
           he
           may
           easier
           escape
           perishing
           upon
           a
           Rock
           or
           Shelve
           ,
           than
           a
           Patient
           upon
           a
           conjectural
           error
           of
           his
           Doctor
           ,
           and
           I
           must
           tell
           you
           ,
           that
           it
           is
           in
           no
           wise
           rare
           ,
           if
           his
           compass
           of
           conjecture
           exposed
           to
           your
           reading
           fol.
           7.
           misleads
           him
           eleven
           times
           in
           twelve
           ,
           being
           far
           easier
           to
           guess
           at
           a
           cast
           of
           a
           Dye
           ,
           where
           you
           have
           only
           five
           to
           one
           odds
           .
           And
           as
           for
           the
           Practising
           Apothecary
           ,
           that
           lump
           of
           confident
           ignorance
           ,
           who
           
           followeth
           only
           the
           shadow
           of
           Physicians
           ,
           if
           his
           gaping
           conjecture
           hits
           but
           one
           distemper
           in
           twenty
           ,
           swells
           in
           his
           own
           conceit
           ,
           though
           he
           sends
           the
           remaining
           nineteen
           with
           a
           Letter
           to
           St.
           Peter
           .
           Can
           you
           but
           admire
           with
           me
           here
           at
           the
           wisdom
           of
           Nature
           ,
           refusing
           to
           repose
           that
           secret
           treasure
           of
           knowledge
           in
           such
           hollow
           Skuls
           .
           But
           if
           you
           could
           engage
           your self
           to
           an
           intent
           mind
           ,
           to
           observe
           with
           what
           prudence
           and
           discretion
           ,
           the
           Accomplisht
           Physician
           applyes
           his
           profound
           remarques
           of
           Anatomy
           ,
           and
           Diagnostick
           or
           discerning
           Rules
           of
           Physick
           ,
           to
           the
           infallible
           discovery
           of
           your
           Diseases
           ,
           you
           will
           with
           me
           conclude
           the
           Grounds
           ,
           Rules
           ,
           and
           Maximes
           of
           the
           Art
           of
           Physick
           to
           be
           most
           certain
           ,
           evident
           ,
           and
           demonstrable
           ,
           beyond
           the
           least
           suspicion
           of
           a
           conjecture
           in
           it
           ,
           and
           withall
           attribute
           to
           it
           an
           eminency
           above
           all
           Arts
           and
           Sciences
           ,
           whose
           subject
           is
           lock'd
           up
           from
           our
           external
           senses
           ,
           as
           the
           internal
           constitution
           of
           the
           Body
           of
           man
           is
           .
        
         
           §
           By
           the
           thred
           of
           my
           discourse
           I
           am
           now
           arrived
           ,
           to
           display
           the
           practical
           errors
           ,
           which
           do
           more
           immediately
           Operate
           for
           the
           benefit
           of
           the
           Clerk
           and
           the
           Grave-maker
           .
           It
           's
           an
           ill
           fate
           you
           will
           say
           ,
           that
           attends
           a
           man
           ,
           when
           he
           is
           surprized
           with
           a
           Disease
           ,
           whose
           dangerous
           Symptoms
           look
           grinning
           and
           daring
           upon
           the
           Hackney
           
           Physician
           ,
           and
           he
           standing
           amazed
           ,
           and
           pusillanimous
           ,
           forsakes
           Nature
           in
           her
           encounter
           with
           the
           Distemper
           ,
           where
           for
           want
           of
           a
           seasonable
           relief
           ,
           is
           compelled
           to
           yield
           .
           This
           was
           the
           case
           ,
           lately
           a
           Countrey
           Gentleman
           was
           unfortunate
           in
           ,
           who
           being
           strong
           and
           Plethorick
           ,
           by
           riding
           Post
           happened
           to
           melt
           the
           grosser
           part
           of
           his
           humours
           ,
           which
           through
           obstructing
           the
           Nerves
           that
           move
           the
           Tongue
           ,
           suddenly
           deprived
           him
           of
           his
           Speech
           ,
           (
           a
           Symptom
           called
           an
           Aphonia
           )
           and
           proving
           an
           extream
           amazement
           to
           a
           Vulgar
           Physician
           ,
           who
           not
           being
           sufficiently
           qualified
           in
           experience
           ,
           gave
           his
           Opinion
           ,
           it
           was
           a
           Surfet
           ,
           which
           was
           only
           to
           be
           committed
           to
           nature
           ;
           But
           the
           next
           morning
           being
           usher'd
           in
           with
           an
           universal
           deprivement
           of
           all
           his
           senses
           and
           motion
           ,
           termed
           a
           Catalepsis
           ,
           spur'd
           his
           Friends
           to
           implore
           the
           aid
           of
           another
           ,
           who
           at
           first
           sight
           readily
           discovering
           the
           Disease
           (
           which
           his
           experience
           confirmed
           to
           him
           ,
           had
           few
           Ounces
           of
           Blood
           been
           extracted
           but
           one
           day
           before
           out
           of
           the
           Jugulars
           ,
           would
           certainly
           have
           been
           removed
           )
           told
           them
           ,
           the
           error
           of
           omission
           could
           in
           no
           manner
           be
           rectifyed
           ,
           since
           death
           in
           few
           hours
           would
           be
           ready
           to
           take
           possession
           .
        
         
           §
           This
           preceding
           error
           relating
           to
           a
           Disease
           less
           frequent
           ,
           doth
           not
           occasion
           so
           many
           deplorable
           effects
           ,
           as
           those
           that
           are
           committed
           in
           Distempers
           ,
           
           that
           are
           more
           ordinary
           ,
           as
           continual
           Feavers
           ,
           which
           are
           oft
           engendred
           by
           a
           Surfet
           ,
           an
           ancient
           Norman
           word
           ,
           signifying
           an
           over-doing
           ;
           but
           particularly
           implying
           an
           over-eating
           ,
           or
           over-drinking
           .
           This
           gluttonous
           English
           Distemper
           I
           look
           upon
           ,
           to
           import
           a
           greater
           danger
           ,
           for
           being
           so
           ill
           handled
           by
           the
           Hackney
           Physician
           ,
           who
           besides
           bleeding
           ,
           omitting
           to
           Purge
           the
           Bowels
           and
           Glanduls
           about
           the
           Guts
           ,
           of
           those
           malignant
           excrementicious
           humours
           ,
           their
           continual
           cramming
           engenders
           ,
           causes
           that
           ebullition
           of
           the
           Blood
           (
           which
           in
           the
           beginning
           was
           moderate
           )
           to
           exaestuate
           and
           fret
           to
           that
           degree
           of
           malignity
           ,
           which
           through
           that
           error
           praecipitates
           thousands
           every
           year
           to
           their
           Tombs
           .
           These
           humours
           that
           thus
           lurk
           about
           the
           Guts
           ,
           and
           kindle
           so
           malignant
           a
           heat
           ,
           are
           not
           capable
           of
           being
           concocted
           ,
           for
           they
           are
           essentially
           against
           Nature
           ,
           and
           already
           separated
           ,
           and
           therefore
           ought
           especially
           in
           the
           beginning
           ,
           to
           be
           evacuated
           by
           such
           Purgers
           ,
           as
           are
           least
           inflaming
           ,
           and
           least
           disturb
           the
           Blood
           ,
           whereby
           they
           may
           certainly
           ,
           if
           making
           choice
           of
           a
           cooling
           Purgative
           ,
           praevent
           a
           malignity
           in
           bodies
           that
           are
           so
           crammed
           .
           Neither
           can
           this
           be
           performed
           by
           Glysters
           ,
           since
           their
           force
           is
           limitted
           by
           the
           Valve
           of
           the
           Colon.
           And
           yet
           greater
           may
           the
           error
           be
           adjudged
           ,
           when
           upon
           neglect
           of
           a
           sutable
           Purge
           ,
           sweating
           and
           
           drying
           Powders
           are
           praescribed
           ,
           which
           force
           and
           disperse
           those
           malignant
           and
           dormant
           excrements
           into
           the
           Vessels
           ,
           and
           worst
           of
           all
           is
           the
           error
           ,
           when
           those
           poysonous
           Vesicatories
           are
           applyed
           ,
           to
           attract
           malignant
           Excrements
           from
           the
           center
           into
           the
           Arteries
           ,
           that
           escaped
           the
           force
           of
           the
           sudorifick
           Powders
           .
           Have
           I
           not
           been
           an
           eye-witness
           ,
           that
           a
           Patient
           in
           the
           declination
           of
           his
           Feaver
           ,
           and
           in
           a
           mending
           condition
           ,
           had
           a
           Vesicatory
           applyed
           to
           the
           Nape
           of
           the
           Neck
           ,
           by
           the
           impertinent
           advice
           of
           a
           Church-yard
           Physician
           ,
           which
           some
           few
           hours
           after
           ,
           render'd
           him
           Phrentick
           ,
           and
           not
           long
           after
           Speechless
           .
           Brevity
           obliges
           me
           to
           omit
           many
           instances
           of
           accidents
           ,
           and
           of
           death
           it self
           ,
           occasioned
           by
           those
           venomous
           Spanish
           flyes
           .
           Neither
           can
           I
           forget
           how
           four
           Hackney
           Physicians
           lately
           consulted
           in
           a
           slight
           distemper
           of
           a
           Tradesman
           ,
           whose
           complaint
           was
           a
           difficulty
           of
           Urin
           and
           a
           Vomiting
           ,
           accompanied
           with
           a
           small
           heat
           ;
           this
           at
           the
           beginning
           was
           taken
           for
           a
           malignant
           Feaver
           ,
           and
           for
           Cure
           bleeding
           and
           sweating
           was
           advised
           ,
           by
           which
           latter
           his
           Urin
           was
           totally
           suppressed
           ,
           through
           depriving
           the
           Blood
           of
           its
           Serum
           ;
           the
           Vomiting
           increased
           ,
           and
           the
           heat
           in
           effect
           turned
           into
           a
           malignant
           Feaver
           ,
           with
           an
           appearance
           of
           red
           Spots
           ,
           and
           at
           that
           very
           instant
           gave
           direction
           for
           Bleeding
           ,
           the
           bad
           effect
           whereof
           was
           soon
           
           discovered
           by
           his
           untimely
           death
           .
           To
           shew
           the
           error
           of
           this
           course
           ,
           I
           need
           only
           say
           ,
           I
           have
           seen
           this
           very
           Distemper
           ten
           and
           ten
           times
           removed
           at
           the
           beginning
           ,
           with
           one
           dose
           or
           two
           at
           most
           of
           
             Salt
             of
             Vitriol
          
           .
        
         
           §
           How
           Bleeding
           ,
           that
           noble
           and
           great
           Remedy
           ,
           is
           abused
           by
           our
           Hackneys
           ,
           is
           taken
           notice
           of
           even
           by
           the
           Vulgar
           ,
           whose
           experience
           (
           for
           reason
           in
           Physick
           they
           do
           not
           praetend
           to
           )
           tells
           them
           ,
           it
           's
           death
           in
           the
           Measles
           and
           Small
           Pox
           in
           our
           Climat
           ,
           especially
           to
           great
           persons
           .
        
         
           §
           It
           's
           a
           pleasant
           speculation
           for
           those
           that
           know
           better
           ,
           to
           observe
           the
           practice
           of
           the
           Hackneys
           in
           the
           Countrey
           ,
           how
           they
           Vomit
           their
           Patients
           with
           Crocus
           ,
           and
           scowr
           them
           with
           Ialap
           ,
           drench
           'em
           with
           Water-cresses
           and
           
             Brook
             lime
          
           ,
           and
           feed
           'em
           with
           
             Nettle
             Pottage
          
           to
           the
           crop
           ,
           terming
           all
           Diseases
           ,
           except
           Feavers
           and
           Agues
           ,
           the
           Scurvy
           .
        
         
           §
           But
           let
           me
           not
           be
           deficient
           in
           mentioning
           our
           Groaping
           Doctors
           ,
           who
           praetend
           it
           's
           difficult
           to
           discern
           a
           Disease
           in
           a
           man
           without
           groaping
           his
           Sides
           ,
           and
           's
           Belly
           ;
           and
           impossible
           to
           discover
           the
           fits
           in
           a
           Woman
           without
           feeling
           ,
           much
           less
           to
           Cure
           her
           ;
           Whick
           knack
           is
           taught
           'em
           by
           the
           Physicians
           of
           Paris
           .
        
         
           §
           And
           was
           it
           not
           a
           Skilful
           praescription
           of
           a
           Countrey
           Doctor
           ,
           who
           was
           sent
           for
           forty
           miles
           
           off
           ,
           to
           consult
           with
           one
           of
           the
           eminentest
           Physicians
           of
           London
           ,
           to
           praescribe
           three
           Drams
           of
           
             Laudanum
             opiatum
          
           ,
           for
           one
           Dose
           ,
           in
           the
           absence
           of
           the
           other
           ,
           who
           fortunately
           giving
           the
           Patient
           a
           visit
           before
           the
           Bill
           was
           carried
           to
           the
           Apothecary
           ,
           modestly
           to
           cover
           the
           shame
           of
           the
           former
           ,
           (
           who
           was
           far
           sent
           for
           ,
           and
           like
           to
           have
           been
           dear
           bought
           ,
           )
           slipt
           the
           Bill
           into
           his
           Pocket
           ,
           and
           left
           another
           in
           stead
           ,
           directing
           only
           a
           just
           Dose
           of
           three
           Grains
           ,
           which
           having
           for
           that
           night
           eased
           the
           patient
           of
           his
           pains
           by
           a
           moderate
           slumber
           ,
           and
           not
           answered
           the
           expectation
           of
           the
           Countrey-man
           in
           a
           deeper
           sleep
           ;
           he
           next
           morning
           did
           not
           fail
           giving
           the
           Apothecary
           a
           check
           for
           not
           obeying
           his
           orders
           ,
           and
           therefore
           commanded
           him
           home
           ,
           to
           make
           up
           a
           Dose
           of
           one
           Dram
           and
           thirty
           Grains
           ,
           which
           was
           but
           the
           half
           of
           what
           he
           used
           to
           ordain
           for
           his
           Patients
           in
           the
           Countrey
           ;
           but
           the
           honest
           Apothecary
           had
           more
           wit
           ,
           than
           to
           be
           one
           of
           his
           accessaries
           ,
           well
           knowing
           ,
           such
           a
           quantity
           was
           enough
           to
           cast
           him
           and
           six
           more
           into
           a
           dead
           sleep
           ;
           nothing
           ever
           wrought
           so
           much
           upon
           my
           curiosity
           ,
           as
           to
           be
           informed
           ,
           what
           number
           the
           Burials
           of
           March
           and
           April
           amount
           to
           in
           the
           Parish
           ,
           where
           this
           famous
           Church-yard-man
           keeps
           his
           residence
           .
        
         
           §
           This
           ungrateful
           task
           doth
           more
           tire
           me
           ,
           than
           had
           I
           imployed
           six
           times
           the
           Paper
           in
           recording
           
           the
           excellent
           methods
           the
           Accomplisht
           Physicians
           praescribe
           to
           their
           Patients
           ,
           how
           expertly
           they
           take
           their
           advantage
           of
           the
           Disease
           at
           certain
           times
           and
           seasons
           ,
           in
           giving
           Medicines
           to
           conquer
           it
           ,
           when
           the
           Patient
           is
           strongest
           ,
           and
           the
           Disease
           weakest
           ;
           How
           they
           accommodate
           to
           every
           particular
           Distemper
           ,
           Constitution
           ,
           Age
           ,
           and
           Sex
           ,
           a
           particular
           Remedy
           ;
           alter
           ,
           increase
           ,
           and
           lessen
           it
           according
           to
           every
           emergent
           occasion
           ;
           how
           they
           praeinform
           the
           Patient
           of
           every
           critical
           and
           counter
           natural
           change
           ,
           of
           every
           danger
           and
           of
           every
           step
           the
           Disease
           makes
           ,
           following
           its
           tract
           to
           the
           very
           innermost
           part
           of
           the
           Body
           ,
           and
           never
           cease
           pursuing
           ,
           till
           they
           have
           rescued
           their
           Patients
           from
           all
           assaults
           and
           dangers
           of
           their
           intestin
           enemy
           .
        
         
           §
           It
           's
           time
           I
           should
           pass
           to
           the
           second
           part
           of
           my
           discourse
           ,
           where
           I
           meet
           with
           a
           subject
           ,
           which
           I
           can
           intitle
           nothing
           but
           the
           〈◊〉
           and
           froth
           of
           Physick
           ,
           a
           term
           the
           Practising
           Apothecary
           will
           not
           judge
           misapplyed
           ,
           since
           it
           's
           that
           he
           offers
           his
           Patient
           in
           exchange
           for
           good
           metal
           .
           But
           I
           shall
           forego
           my
           aim
           ,
           if
           I
           proceed
           on
           my
           way
           ,
           without
           first
           halting
           a
           little
           at
           the
           Original
           of
           the
           word
           and
           meaning
           of
           Apothecary
           ,
           which
           from
           
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
          
           &
           
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
          
           a
           Box
           ,
           denotes
           it
           to
           be
           a
           word
           ,
           imposed
           anciently
           upon
           Druggists
           ,
           whose
           multitude
           of
           Boxes
           placed
           in
           order
           in
           their
           Shops
           ,
           and
           containing
           
           all
           sorts
           of
           Drugs
           ,
           gave
           occasion
           to
           that
           denomination
           ,
           and
           for
           that
           reason
           is
           improperly
           transferred
           upon
           such
           ,
           whose
           office
           is
           only
           conversant
           about
           praeparing
           of
           Drugs
           and
           Simples
           ,
           thence
           more
           appositely
           termed
           Pharmacopaei
           ,
           or
           Makers
           up
           of
           Medicines
           ,
           and
           Pharmacopolae
           ,
           or
           Sellers
           of
           praepared
           Medicines
           ,
           whom
           in
           their
           late
           budding
           and
           growth
           some
           very
           accomplisht
           persons
           have
           look'd
           upon
           as
           poysonous
           Weeds
           ,
           started
           up
           to
           choak
           the
           sweet
           Flower
           of
           their
           Practice
           ,
           and
           consequently
           so
           planted
           into
           Families
           ,
           as
           not
           easily
           to
           be
           rooted
           out
           by
           their
           
           Manifesto's
           ,
           requiring
           for
           their
           further
           illustration
           a
           brief
           deduction
           of
           their
           first
           rise
           ,
           and
           upon
           what
           score
           those
           Makers
           up
           of
           Medicines
           were
           assumed
           into
           the
           drudgery
           of
           Physick
           .
        
         
           §
           You
           must
           note
           Physick
           to
           have
           had
           the
           same
           beginning
           with
           all
           other
           vast
           Arts
           and
           Sciences
           ,
           from
           confused
           notions
           and
           experiments
           ,
           which
           upon
           their
           more
           certain
           confirmation
           ,
           were
           thought
           fit
           to
           be
           recorded
           in
           the
           Temple
           of
           Apollo
           ,
           whither
           people
           in
           case
           of
           sickness
           took
           their
           recourse
           ,
           to
           make
           choice
           of
           what
           came
           nearest
           to
           their
           purpose
           ,
           but
           missing
           of
           that
           ,
           necessity
           obliged
           them
           to
           expose
           their
           sick
           before
           their
           houses
           ,
           to
           move
           those
           that
           passed
           by
           ,
           if
           any
           of
           'em
           had
           been
           troubled
           with
           the
           same
           Distemper
           ,
           to
           divulge
           their
           Remedies
           ,
           which
           afterwards
           
           were
           to
           be
           added
           to
           the
           forementioned
           Records
           .
           Time
           having
           collected
           a
           multiplicity
           of
           all
           sorts
           of
           Medicines
           ,
           invited
           a
           great
           number
           of
           Philosophers
           to
           that
           Temple
           ,
           whose
           eminent
           parts
           did
           enable
           them
           ,
           to
           make
           better
           use
           of
           those
           observations
           than
           the
           Vulgar
           ,
           and
           by
           degrees
           digest
           them
           into
           order
           ,
           and
           thence
           framing
           general
           rules
           ,
           soon
           acquired
           a
           habit
           of
           knowing
           and
           curing
           most
           Diseases
           ,
           which
           gave
           occasion
           to
           the
           people
           ,
           to
           make
           use
           of
           'em
           as
           Physicians
           ;
           and
           such
           were
           
             Pythagoras
             ,
             Empedocles
          
           ,
           and
           Democritus
           ,
           which
           latter
           had
           the
           honour
           of
           being
           Master
           to
           Hippocrates
           ,
           a
           Disciple
           who
           afterwards
           proved
           the
           greatest
           and
           only
           Master
           in
           Physick
           ,
           of
           all
           those
           that
           had
           gone
           before
           him
           ,
           or
           since
           to
           this
           day
           have
           come
           after
           him
           .
           The
           method
           then
           in
           use
           to
           train
           up
           youth
           to
           this
           Profession
           ,
           was
           ,
           to
           place
           them
           Apprentices
           with
           able
           Physicians
           ,
           who
           adjudged
           it
           necessary
           ,
           to
           take
           their
           beginning
           from
           Chyrurgery
           ,
           the
           subject
           whereof
           being
           external
           Diseases
           ,
           as
           Wounds
           ,
           Swellings
           ,
           Members
           out
           of
           Joynt
           ,
           and
           others
           that
           were
           visible
           ,
           proved
           more
           facil
           and
           easie
           to
           their
           immature
           capacities
           ,
           and
           wherein
           they
           might
           suddenly
           be
           rendred
           serviceable
           to
           their
           Masters
           ,
           in
           easing
           them
           of
           the
           trouble
           of
           dressing
           ,
           clensing
           stinking
           Ulcers
           ,
           and
           applying
           Oyntments
           and
           Plaisters
           ,
           a
           nauseous
           employ
           ,
           which
           they
           ever
           endevoured
           
           to
           abandon
           to
           their
           Scholars
           with
           what
           expedition
           was
           possible
           .
           This
           as
           it
           was
           the
           easiest
           ,
           so
           it
           was
           the
           first
           and
           ancientest
           part
           of
           Physick
           ,
           and
           from
           which
           those
           that
           exercised
           it
           ,
           were
           anciently
           not
           called
           Chyrurgeons
           ,
           but
           Physicians
           ,
           though
           they
           attempted
           no
           other
           Diseases
           ,
           but
           such
           as
           were
           external
           ,
           according
           to
           which
           sense
           Aesculapius
           ,
           the
           first
           Physician
           or
           Inventor
           of
           Physick
           ,
           and
           his
           Sons
           Podalyrius
           &
           Machaon
           ,
           are
           by
           History
           asserted
           ,
           to
           have
           undertaken
           only
           those
           ,
           that
           wanted
           external
           help
           ,
           internal
           Diseases
           being
           in
           those
           dayes
           unknown
           ,
           and
           by
           temperance
           in
           their
           dyet
           wholly
           debarred
           ;
           and
           if
           accidentally
           an
           internal
           Distemper
           did
           surprize
           them
           ,
           they
           applyed
           a
           general
           Remedy
           (
           knowing
           no
           other
           )
           of
           poysoning
           or
           killing
           themselves
           with
           a
           Dagger
           or
           Sword
           ,
           thereby
           choosing
           rather
           to
           dye
           once
           and
           finish
           their
           misery
           ,
           than
           to
           survive
           to
           be
           objects
           of
           peoples
           pity
           ,
           or
           to
           endure
           the
           shock
           of
           death
           by
           every
           pain
           or
           languor
           ,
           especially
           since
           the
           sage
           judgments
           of
           that
           age
           ,
           did
           esteem
           it
           a
           signal
           vertue
           ,
           to
           despise
           and
           scorn
           the
           vain
           world
           ,
           by
           hurrying
           out
           of
           it
           in
           a
           fury
           ,
           a
           Maxim
           most
           of
           the
           Philosophers
           were
           very
           eminent
           in
           observing
           ;
           and
           was
           likewise
           extended
           to
           Children
           ,
           that
           brought
           any
           Diseases
           ,
           external
           or
           internal
           ,
           with
           them
           into
           the
           world
           ,
           their
           cure
           being
           performed
           immediately
           ,
           by
           
           strangling
           or
           drowning
           them
           .
           Neither
           was
           this
           Art
           of
           external
           Physick
           of
           a
           short
           continuance
           ;
           Pliny
           writing
           ,
           that
           six
           hundred
           years
           after
           the
           building
           of
           Rome
           ,
           the
           Romans
           entertained
           Chyrurgical
           Physicians
           from
           Peloponesus
           .
           Idleness
           and
           gluttony
           at
           length
           exchanged
           their
           ease
           into
           a
           Disease
           ,
           which
           soon
           put
           them
           upon
           necessity
           of
           experimenting
           such
           Remedies
           ,
           as
           might
           reestablish
           them
           into
           that
           healthful
           condition
           ,
           exercise
           in
           War
           and
           temperance
           in
           Dyet
           had
           for
           so
           many
           ages
           praeserved
           their
           Ancestors
           in
           .
        
         
           §
           Upon
           a
           competent
           improvement
           of
           their
           Scholars
           in
           this
           external
           practice
           of
           Physick
           ,
           and
           their
           deserving
           deportment
           ,
           they
           thought
           them
           worthy
           of
           giving
           them
           entrance
           into
           their
           Closet
           ,
           to
           be
           instructed
           in
           such
           matters
           ,
           as
           the
           most
           retired
           places
           of
           their
           Cabinets
           contained
           ,
           which
           were
           their
           Remedies
           and
           Medicines
           ,
           and
           the
           manner
           of
           praeparing
           them
           .
           A
           jealous
           lover
           could
           not
           contrive
           the
           sole
           impropriation
           of
           his
           beautiful
           Mistress
           with
           greater
           study
           ,
           than
           they
           the
           sole
           possession
           of
           their
           Medicines
           ,
           these
           through
           their
           commonness
           losing
           as
           much
           of
           their
           value
           and
           esteem
           ,
           as
           the
           other
           by
           being
           known
           to
           more
           than
           one
           .
           Pachius
           
             a
             Roman
             Physician
             of
             great
             fame
             in
             the
             Reign
             of
          
           Tyberius
           ,
           (
           as
           
             Scribonius
             largus
             libr.
             de
             Compos
             Med.
             Cap.
          
           23.
           writeth
           ,
           )
           
             made
             great
             gains
             of
             his
             Medicine
             ,
             named
          
           
           
             by
             himself
          
           Hiera
           .
           Pach.
           
             for
             its
             frequent
             successes
             in
             the
             most
             difficult
             Diseases
             ,
             but
             he
             whilest
             he
             lived
             ,
             would
             not
             impart
             the
             composition
             to
             any
             .
             But
             after
             his
             death
             he
             bequeathed
             it
             to
          
           Tyberius
           Caesar
           
             in
             a
             Book
             written
             to
             him
             ,
             which
             before
             could
             not
             be
             drawn
             from
             him
             upon
             any
             score
             ,
             though
             all
             means
             were
             used
             to
             know
             what
             it
             was
             ,
             for
             he
             did
             praepare
             it
             ,
             when
             he
             had
             lock'd
             himself
             up
             ,
             and
             would
             not
             commit
             it
             to
             any
             of
             his
             Servants
             ,
             for
             he
             would
             cause
             many
             more
             things
             to
             be
             beaten
             than
             it
             contained
             ,
             purposely
             to
             deceive
             his
             people
             .
          
           Here
           is
           to
           be
           observed
           ,
           that
           for
           its
           great
           effects
           he
           imposed
           the
           name
           of
           Hiera
           upon
           it
           ,
           or
           the
           Holy
           Medicine
           ,
           which
           being
           once
           made
           publick
           ,
           and
           the
           ingredients
           known
           ,
           was
           deserted
           naked
           of
           its
           vertues
           ,
           ceasing
           to
           perform
           those
           wonderful
           Cures
           ,
           which
           whilest
           it
           was
           by
           the
           Inventor
           reserved
           secret
           it
           did
           ;
           as
           if
           the
           Divine
           Power
           finding
           it self
           abused
           in
           its
           bounty
           ,
           of
           having
           bestowed
           a
           secret
           Treasure
           on
           a
           Physician
           ,
           did
           withdraw
           it self
           ,
           upon
           the
           contempt
           of
           imparting
           it
           to
           the
           Vulgar
           .
           For
           ,
           that
           God
           is
           the
           first
           and
           chief
           Physician
           ,
           hath
           been
           the
           constant
           faith
           of
           all
           Ages
           ,
           and
           that
           Physicians
           were
           the
           Sons
           of
           the
           Gods
           ,
           was
           commendably
           asserted
           by
           Galen
           ,
           and
           therefore
           it
           was
           truly
           spoken
           ,
           that
           Medicines
           were
           the
           hand
           of
           God
           ,
           thence
           meriting
           only
           such
           names
           ,
           as
           related
           to
           their
           Divine
           Original
           ;
           thus
           a
           
           certain
           Antidote
           was
           called
           
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
          
           Aequal
           to
           God
           ,
           another
           
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
          
           given
           by
           God
           ,
           another
           Divine
           ;
           several
           compositions
           had
           the
           inscription
           of
           
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
          
           ,
           or
           Sacred
           .
        
         
           §
           Upon
           this
           so
           true
           and
           undoubted
           a
           consideration
           ,
           I
           need
           not
           pry
           for
           a
           cause
           of
           those
           frequent
           and
           ever
           constant
           unfortunate
           events
           ,
           that
           accompany
           the
           Medicines
           of
           most
           of
           our
           Practising
           Apothecaries
           ,
           unless
           as
           they
           seem
           to
           own
           ,
           the
           Trivnal
           Deity
           should
           now
           neglect
           to
           punish
           with
           shame
           and
           disaster
           ,
           such
           as
           with
           polluted
           hands
           do
           offer
           to
           defile
           those
           Sacred
           means
           ,
           which
           it
           hath
           intended
           for
           its
           glory
           ,
           the
           contrary
           whereof
           is
           sufficiently
           attested
           by
           him
           in
           the
           Strand
           ,
           who
           with
           three
           doses
           of
           
             Mercurius
             Dulcis
          
           ,
           given
           against
           the
           Worms
           to
           three
           Children
           ,
           did
           the
           same
           day
           worm
           'em
           all
           out
           of
           their
           lives
           :
           And
           by
           him
           in
           the
           —
           who
           upon
           the
           exhibition
           of
           twenty
           Grains
           of
           
             Extractum
             Rudij
          
           ,
           sent
           a
           Gentleman
           a
           hundred
           and
           nineteen
           times
           to
           his
           Close
           Stool
           ,
           and
           the
           next
           day
           to
           his
           perpetual
           Mansion
           ;
           but
           I
           am
           confident
           ,
           without
           any
           praemeditated
           malice
           ,
           since
           he
           was
           extreamly
           surprized
           ,
           that
           so
           small
           and
           unproportionate
           a
           dose
           should
           prove
           so
           cruel
           to
           his
           Customers
           Guts
           ,
           not
           having
           the
           grace
           to
           call
           to
           mind
           ,
           it
           was
           the
           abuse
           of
           that
           excellent
           Medicine
           ,
           in
           misapplying
           it
           to
           the
           Disease
           .
           A
           farther
           testimony
           was
           given
           by
           
           another
           in
           the
           
             Old
             Baily
          
           ,
           praesenting
           his
           Customer
           (
           or
           Patient
           as
           they
           use
           to
           term
           him
           ,
           for
           this
           intruth
           was
           one
           )
           with
           a
           Collyrium
           ,
           or
           Eye-water
           ,
           to
           eat
           away
           a
           Pearl
           in
           his
           Eye
           ,
           which
           through
           its
           gnawing
           quality
           occasioning
           a
           great
           pain
           ,
           did
           attract
           such
           a
           quantity
           of
           humours
           ,
           as
           caused
           a
           perfect
           Suffusion
           ,
           and
           an
           incurable
           blindness
           in
           both
           Eyes
           ,
           an
           application
           that
           could
           not
           promiss
           better
           success
           ,
           upon
           the
           neglect
           of
           Bleeding
           and
           Purging
           ,
           both
           implying
           a
           necessity
           of
           being
           praemised
           before
           the
           use
           of
           any
           painful
           Medicine
           ,
           to
           drayn
           the
           body
           of
           those
           humours
           ,
           which
           otherwise
           the
           smart
           and
           pain
           would
           attract
           to
           the
           part
           affected
           .
           The
           error
           was
           of
           no
           less
           importance
           ,
           when
           in
           a
           great
           loosness
           or
           Diarrhaea
           ,
           an
           Apothecary
           with
           
             Crocus
             Martis
          
           and
           Opium
           suddenly
           putting
           a
           stop
           to
           the
           Flux
           ,
           impelled
           the
           Chanal
           of
           those
           hot
           impetuous
           humours
           into
           the
           Veins
           and
           Arteries
           ,
           where
           by
           moving
           the
           Blood
           into
           a
           Tempest
           ,
           occasioned
           a
           mortal
           malignant
           Feaver
           in
           one
           of
           his
           chief
           Customers
           .
           And
           at
           this
           praesent
           day
           nothing
           is
           more
           capable
           of
           fermenting
           the
           Choler
           of
           a
           certain
           wealthy
           Merchant
           ,
           than
           the
           name
           of
           an
           Apothecary
           ,
           a
           practical
           one
           having
           by
           impertinent
           repetitions
           perswaded
           him
           ,
           his
           wife
           upon
           the
           swelling
           and
           pitting
           of
           her
           Legs
           ,
           (
           a
           symptom
           common
           to
           Women
           with
           Child
           )
           and
           the
           swelling
           of
           her
           Belly
           ,
           was
           certainly
           
           Dropsical
           ,
           which
           as
           it
           was
           occasioned
           by
           a
           stoppage
           only
           particular
           to
           Women
           ,
           was
           only
           to
           be
           remedied
           by
           removing
           it
           ,
           and
           opening
           the
           passages
           ;
           and
           to
           that
           purpose
           did
           four
           times
           a
           day
           ply
           her
           with
           his
           
             Electuarium
             e
             tribus
          
           ,
           as
           he
           called
           it
           ,
           which
           was
           Powder
           of
           Steel
           ,
           Antimony
           Diaphor
           .
           and
           barren
           Savin
           powder'd
           ,
           all
           mixt
           with
           Honey
           into
           an
           Electuary
           ,
           the
           force
           whereof
           did
           in
           a
           few
           dayes
           answer
           his
           intention
           of
           opening
           the
           passages
           ,
           and
           expelling
           an
           Embryon
           ,
           or
           a
           perfect
           Conception
           ,
           upon
           which
           the
           Purgamenta
           were
           driven
           down
           with
           so
           rapid
           a
           violence
           ,
           that
           the
           Matrix
           was
           left
           dry
           ,
           exanguious
           ,
           thick
           ,
           and
           corrugated
           ,
           without
           the
           least
           hopes
           of
           ever
           Conceiving
           again
           ;
           you
           may
           conjecture
           ,
           what
           an
           insupportable
           grief
           this
           moved
           in
           one
           ,
           who
           setting
           aside
           the
           confluence
           of
           all
           external
           circumstances
           fortune
           had
           heaped
           upon
           him
           ,
           could
           have
           nothing
           more
           contributed
           to
           his
           entire
           felicity
           in
           a
           most
           beautiful
           Lady
           ,
           and
           her
           amiable
           deports
           ,
           than
           the
           addition
           of
           issue
           ,
           of
           which
           until
           then
           the
           space
           of
           six
           years
           had
           not
           given
           the
           least
           appearance
           .
           Fatal
           likewise
           was
           the
           miscarriage
           of
           a
           Scrivener
           ,
           who
           being
           discommoded
           by
           a
           very
           acute
           pain
           and
           inflammation
           in
           his
           Ear
           ,
           applyed
           a
           repellent
           Medicine
           of
           Rags
           dipped
           in
           
             Aq.
             Sperm
             .
             ran
          
           .
           and
           
             Ol.
             Ros.
          
           advised
           to
           him
           by
           a
           Practical
           man
           ,
           which
           forcing
           the
           Inflammation
           
           to
           the
           Brain
           ,
           immediately
           occasioned
           a
           Phrensie
           ,
           and
           not
           long
           after
           a
           Corps
           .
           These
           few
           Tragical
           Narratives
           selected
           out
           of
           a
           hundred
           or
           more
           ,
           I
           have
           here
           exposed
           to
           your
           view
           ,
           which
           may
           suffice
           for
           the
           repraesentation
           of
           their
           dangerous
           practice
           ;
           How
           ineffectual
           ,
           costly
           ,
           and
           defrauding
           their
           general
           practise
           is
           ,
           I
           shall
           in
           its
           proper
           Paragraph
           give
           you
           a
           breviat
           of
           .
        
         
           §
           Time
           perswades
           my
           return
           to
           the
           place
           whence
           I
           deviated
           ,
           to
           continuate
           the
           ancient
           manner
           of
           educating
           a
           young
           Physician
           ,
           who
           though
           render'd
           serviceable
           to
           his
           Master
           ,
           having
           acquired
           the
           knowledge
           of
           his
           Medicines
           and
           their
           praeparations
           ,
           yet
           remain'd
           as
           little
           capable
           of
           using
           them
           ,
           as
           the
           Instrument-Smith
           a
           Razor
           ,
           or
           Lancet
           ;
           and
           therefore
           bended
           his
           endevours
           to
           arrive
           to
           the
           Art
           of
           discerning
           every
           Disease
           by
           its
           signs
           ,
           and
           making
           observations
           upon
           the
           Prognosticks
           ,
           all
           critical
           and
           praeternatural
           changes
           ,
           the
           Dose
           ,
           Constitution
           ,
           and
           all
           other
           circumstances
           of
           giving
           those
           Medicines
           ,
           which
           he
           did
           gradually
           accomplish
           by
           his
           sedulous
           attendance
           on
           his
           Master
           ,
           and
           his
           practical
           Discourses
           and
           Lectures
           from
           him
           on
           every
           Patient
           he
           visited
           .
           Lastly
           ,
           upon
           his
           attainment
           to
           a
           degree
           of
           perfection
           in
           the
           Art
           ,
           discovered
           to
           his
           Master
           by
           his
           private
           examination
           ,
           all
           the
           Physicians
           and
           Commonalty
           of
           the
           place
           were
           
           summon'd
           to
           be
           praesent
           at
           the
           taking
           of
           his
           Oath
           in
           the
           publick
           Physick
           School
           ,
           which
           served
           in
           lieu
           of
           making
           him
           free
           to
           Practice
           ,
           or
           taking
           of
           his
           degree
           .
           The
           Oath
           was
           as
           followeth
           .
        
         
           
             
               
                 
                   I
                   Swear
                   by
                   a
                   Apollo
                   the
                   Physician
                   and
                   b
                   Aesculapius
                   ,
                   and
                   by
                   c
                   Hygea
                   ,
                   and
                   d
                   Panacea
                   ,
                   and
                   I
                   do
                   call
                   to
                   witness
                   all
                   the
                   Gods
                   ,
                   and
                   likewise
                   all
                   the
                   Goddesses
                   ,
                   that
                   according
                   to
                   my
                   power
                   and
                   judgment
                   I
                   will
                   intirely
                   keep
                   this
                   Oath
                   and
                   this
                   Covenant
                   .
                   That
                   I
                   will
                   esteem
                   my
                   Master
                   that
                   taught
                   me
                   this
                   Art
                   instead
                   of
                   my
                   Parents
                   ,
                   give
                   him
                   his
                   Dyet
                   ,
                   and
                   with
                   a
                   thankful
                   Spirit
                   impart
                   to
                   him
                   whatever
                   he
                   wants
                   ;
                   and
                   those
                   that
                   are
                   born
                   of
                   him
                   ,
                   I
                   will
                   esteem
                   them
                   as
                   my
                   male
                   Brethren
                   ,
                   and
                   teach
                   them
                   this
                   Art
                   if
                   they
                   will
                   learn
                   it
                   without
                   hire
                   or
                   agreement
                   .
                   I
                   will
                   make
                   partakers
                   of
                   the
                   teaching
                   ,
                   hearing
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   all
                   the
                   whole
                   Discipline
                   my
                   own
                   and
                   my
                   Masters
                   Sons
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   rest
                   of
                   the
                   Disciples
                   ,
                   if
                   they
                   were
                   bound
                   before
                   by
                   Writing
                   ,
                   and
                   were
                   obliged
                   by
                   the
                   Physicians
                   Oath
                   ,
                   no
                   others
                   besides
                   .
                   I
                   will
                   according
                   to
                   my
                   capacity
                   and
                   judgment
                   ,
                   praescribe
                   a
                   manner
                   of
                   Dyet
                   sutable
                   to
                   the
                   Sick
                   ,
                   free
                   from
                   all
                   hurt
                   and
                   injury
                   .
                   Neither
                   will
                   I
                   through
                   any
                   bodies
                   intercession
                   offer
                   Poyson
                   to
                   any
                   ,
                   neither
                   will
                   I
                   give
                   counsel
                   for
                   any
                   such
                   thing
                   .
                   Neither
                   will
                   I
                   give
                   a
                   Woman
                   a
                   Pessarie
                   to
                   destroy
                   her
                   Conception
                   .
                   Moreover
                   I
                   will
                   exercise
                   my
                   Art
                   ,
                   and
                   lead
                   the
                   rest
                   of
                   my
                   life
                   chastly
                   and
                   holily
                   .
                   Neither
                   will
                   I
                   cut
                   those
                   that
                   are
                   troubled
                   with
                   the
                   Stone
                   ,
                   but
                   give
                   them
                   over
                   to
                   Artists
                   ,
                   that
                   profess
                   this
                   Art.
                   And
                   whatever
                   houses
                   I
                   shall
                   come
                   into
                   ,
                   I
                   will
                   enter
                   for
                   the
                   benefit
                   of
                   the
                   Sick
                   ;
                   and
                   I
                   will
                   abstain
                   from
                   doing
                   any
                   voluntary
                   injury
                   ,
                   from
                   all
                   corruption
                   ,
                   and
                   chiefly
                   from
                   that
                   which
                   is
                   Venereal
                   ,
                   whether
                   I
                   should
                   happen
                   to
                   have
                   in
                   Cure
                   the
                   Bodies
                   either
                   of
                   Women
                   ,
                   or
                   of
                   Men
                   ,
                   or
                   of
                   Free-born
                   men
                   ,
                   or
                   Servants
                   .
                   And
                   whatever
                   I
                   should
                   chance
                   to
                   see
                   or
                   hear
                   in
                   Curing
                   ,
                   or
                   to
                   know
                   in
                   the
                   common
                   life
                   of
                   men
                   ,
                   if
                   it
                   be
                   better
                   not
                   to
                   utter
                   it
                   ,
                   I
                   will
                   conceal
                   ,
                   and
                   keep
                   by
                   me
                   as
                   secrets
                   .
                   That
                   as
                   I
                   entirely
                   keep
                   ,
                   and
                   do
                   not
                   confound
                   this
                   Oath
                   ,
                   it
                   may
                   happen
                   to
                   me
                   to
                   enjoy
                   my
                   Life
                   and
                   my
                   Art
                   happily
                   ,
                   and
                   celebrate
                   my
                   glory
                   among
                   all
                   men
                   to
                   all
                   perpetuity
                   ;
                   but
                   if
                   transgressing
                   and
                   forswearing
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   contrary
                   may
                   happen
                   .
                
              
            
          
        
         
         
           §
           Between
           these
           bounds
           of
           secrecy
           ,
           veneration
           ,
           honesty
           ,
           and
           gratitude
           the
           Art
           was
           for
           many
           hundred
           years
           maintained
           ;
           for
           in
           the
           time
           of
           Galen
           ,
           and
           many
           Ages
           after
           him
           ,
           Medicines
           for
           their
           greater
           secresie
           were
           us'd
           to
           be
           praepared
           ,
           and
           composed
           by
           Physicians
           ,
           as
           you
           may
           read
           
             libr.
             de
             virt
             .
             Centaur
          
           .
           where
           it
           's
           observable
           ,
           their
           men
           were
           wont
           to
           carry
           their
           Physick
           ready
           praepared
           in
           Boxes
           after
           them
           ,
           which
           they
           themselves
           according
           to
           the
           exigency
           of
           the
           case
           did
           dispense
           .
           This
           custome
           was
           continued
           ,
           until
           Wars
           ceasing
           ,
           people
           began
           to
           be
           as
           intent
           upon
           the
           propagation
           of
           mankind
           ,
           as
           the
           cruelty
           of
           the
           former
           Martial
           ages
           had
           been
           upon
           its
           destruction
           ,
           whence
           the
           world
           growing
           numerous
           ,
           and
           through
           idleness
           ,
           and
           want
           of
           those
           diversions
           of
           their
           Military
           Employ
           ,
           addicting
           themselves
           to
           Gluttony
           ,
           Drunkenness
           ,
           and
           Whoredom
           ,
           did
           contract
           so
           great
           a
           number
           of
           all
           inward
           Diseases
           ,
           that
           their
           multiplicity
           imposed
           a
           necessity
           upon
           Physicians
           ,
           (
           being
           unable
           to
           attend
           them
           all
           as
           formerly
           )
           to
           dismember
           their
           Art
           into
           three
           parts
           ,
           whereof
           two
           were
           servil
           ,
           namely
           Chyrurgery
           ,
           and
           Pharmacy
           ,
           and
           the
           other
           Imperial
           and
           Applicative
           ,
           or
           Methodical
           .
           The
           servil
           parts
           being
           committed
           to
           such
           as
           are
           now
           called
           Chyrurgeons
           and
           Apothecaries
           ,
           the
           former
           were
           employed
           in
           applying
           external
           Medicines
           
           to
           external
           Diseases
           ;
           the
           latter
           in
           praeparing
           all
           ordinary
           internal
           and
           external
           Medicines
           ,
           according
           to
           the
           exactest
           praescription
           and
           direction
           of
           the
           Physicians
           ,
           whose
           Servants
           were
           ordered
           to
           fetch
           the
           praescribed
           Medicines
           at
           the
           Apothecaries
           ,
           and
           thence
           to
           conveigh
           them
           to
           their
           Patients
           ,
           by
           which
           means
           the
           Apothecary
           was
           kept
           in
           ignorance
           ,
           as
           to
           the
           application
           and
           use
           of
           the
           said
           Medicines
           ,
           not
           being
           suffered
           to
           be
           acquainted
           with
           the
           Patients
           ,
           or
           their
           Diseases
           ,
           to
           praevent
           their
           insinuations
           into
           their
           acquaintance
           ,
           which
           otherwise
           might
           endanger
           the
           diverting
           their
           said
           Patients
           to
           other
           Physicians
           ,
           or
           at
           least
           their
           praesuming
           themselves
           to
           venture
           at
           their
           Distempers
           .
           Neither
           were
           the
           Physicians
           Servants
           in
           the
           least
           probability
           of
           undermining
           or
           imitating
           their
           Masters
           in
           their
           practice
           ,
           not
           knowing
           the
           Medicines
           or
           Praescriptions
           .
           Besides
           all
           this
           ,
           those
           Remedies
           ,
           from
           which
           the
           chief
           efficacy
           and
           operation
           against
           the
           Disease
           was
           expected
           ,
           still
           remained
           secret
           with
           the
           Physicians
           ,
           who
           thought
           it
           no
           trouble
           to
           praepare
           them
           with
           their
           own
           hands
           .
           Thus
           you
           may
           remark
           ,
           the
           Physicians
           necessary
           jealousie
           of
           their
           underlings
           ,
           and
           their
           small
           pains
           ,
           proved
           the
           sole
           means
           of
           impropriating
           the
           practice
           of
           their
           Art
           to
           themselves
           ,
           and
           yet
           by
           the
           advantage
           of
           their
           Apothecaries
           and
           Chyrurgeons
           ,
           
           were
           capacitated
           to
           visit
           and
           cure
           ten
           times
           greater
           number
           of
           Sick
           than
           before
           ,
           which
           in
           a
           short
           time
           improved
           their
           fame
           &
           estate
           to
           a
           vast
           treasure
           ;
           whence
           it
           was
           well
           rhimed
           ,
           
             Dat
             Galenus
             opes
             ,
             dat
             Iustinianus
             honores
             .
          
           But
           at
           length
           their
           honour
           &
           vast
           riches
           in
           the
           eye
           of
           Apothecaries
           and
           Chyrurgeons
           ,
           proved
           seeds
           sown
           in
           their
           minds
           ,
           that
           budded
           into
           ambition
           of
           becoming
           Masters
           ,
           and
           into
           covetousness
           of
           aequaling
           them
           in
           wealth
           ,
           both
           which
           they
           thought
           themselves
           capable
           of
           aspiring
           to
           ,
           by
           an
           empirical
           skil
           ,
           the
           neglect
           and
           sloth
           of
           their
           Masters
           had
           given
           them
           occasion
           to
           attain
           ,
           since
           they
           did
           begin
           not
           to
           scruple
           ,
           to
           make
           them
           Porters
           of
           their
           Medicines
           to
           their
           Patients
           ,
           and
           to
           intrust
           them
           with
           the
           praeparation
           of
           their
           greatest
           secrets
           .
           This
           trust
           they
           soon
           betrayed
           ,
           for
           having
           insinuated
           into
           a
           familiar
           acquaintance
           with
           their
           Masters
           Patients
           ,
           it
           was
           a
           task
           in
           no
           wise
           difficult
           to
           perswade
           them
           ,
           that
           those
           that
           had
           made
           ,
           and
           dispensed
           the
           Medicines
           ,
           were
           as
           able
           to
           apply
           'em
           to
           the
           like
           Distempers
           ,
           as
           they
           that
           had
           praescribed
           them
           ,
           who
           had
           either
           forgot
           ,
           or
           were
           wholly
           ignorant
           how
           to
           praepare
           them
           ;
           so
           that
           now
           they
           were
           as
           good
           as
           arrived
           to
           a
           copartnership
           with
           their
           Masters
           ,
           in
           reputation
           and
           title
           ,
           both
           being
           called
           Doctors
           alike
           ,
           and
           there
           being
           no
           other
           difference
           between
           
           them
           ;
           than
           that
           the
           Master
           Doctor
           ,
           comes
           at
           the
           Heels
           of
           his
           Man
           Doctor
           ,
           to
           take
           in
           hand
           the
           work
           which
           he
           or
           his
           Brother
           Doctor
           ,
           (
           the
           Chyrurgeon
           )
           had
           either
           spoiled
           ,
           or
           could
           no
           further
           go
           on
           with
           it
           ;
           this
           is
           e'en
           like
           
             Tom
             went
             to
             Market
             ,
             and
             Tom
             met
             with
             Tom.
          
           A
           very
           fine
           case
           the
           Art
           of
           Physick
           and
           its
           Professors
           are
           reduced
           to
           ;
           and
           that
           not
           only
           of
           late
           dayes
           ,
           but
           of
           almost
           seven
           hundred
           years
           ,
           for
           before
           that
           time
           Apothecaries
           had
           scarce
           a
           being
           ,
           only
           there
           were
           those
           ,
           whom
           they
           called
           Seplasiarij
           ,
           from
           their
           selling
           of
           Oyntments
           on
           the
           Market
           of
           Capua
           ,
           named
           
             Seplasia
             ;
             Aromatarij
          
           ,
           and
           Speciarij
           ,
           or
           such
           as
           sold
           Drugs
           and
           Spices
           .
           Though
           I
           must
           confess
           Apothecaries
           may
           offer
           a
           just
           objection
           ,
           in
           praetending
           to
           a
           far
           greater
           antiquity
           ,
           since
           the
           original
           and
           necessity
           of
           their
           employ
           was
           derived
           from
           the
           Aegyptian
           Bird
           Isis
           ,
           spouting
           Sea-water
           into
           its
           Breech
           for
           a
           Glyster
           .
        
         
           §
           As
           things
           in
           motion
           pass
           their
           seasons
           of
           growth
           ,
           heighth
           ,
           and
           declination
           ,
           so
           the
           Art
           of
           Physick
           having
           passed
           the
           two
           former
           ,
           is
           now
           in
           its
           declination
           exposed
           to
           be
           reduced
           to
           the
           extreamest
           contempt
           ,
           scorn
           ,
           and
           almost
           a
           total
           abolishment
           by
           the
           praesumptuous
           arrogance
           of
           every
           one
           ,
           who
           upon
           a
           long
           course
           of
           Physick
           to
           remedy
           his
           Infirmity
           ,
           having
           gained
           a
           familiarity
           with
           the
           use
           and
           names
           of
           those
           numerous
           
           Medicines
           ,
           advised
           to
           him
           by
           some
           Practical
           Apothecary
           ,
           or
           Praescribing
           Chyrurgeon
           ,
           at
           his
           recovery
           concludes
           himself
           as
           capable
           of
           practising
           as
           either
           of
           them
           .
           Upon
           such
           an
           occasion
           as
           is
           here
           instanced
           ,
           the
           Heel-maker
           ,
           the
           Hatband-maker
           ,
           the
           Gunsmith
           ,
           that
           doating
           old
           piece
           in
           Southwark
           ,
           the
           Woman
           at
           Hamstead
           ,
           and
           many
           others
           fell
           to
           Quack
           ,
           and
           to
           Practice
           ,
           and
           by
           the
           addition
           of
           some
           small
           help
           of
           a
           book
           of
           Receits
           ,
           have
           advanced
           themselves
           in
           fame
           and
           credit
           ,
           among
           our
           capricious
           Vulgar
           ,
           beyond
           any
           of
           their
           Practical
           or
           Praescribing
           Masters
           .
           But
           all
           this
           notwithstanding
           ,
           since
           the
           Art
           of
           Physick
           partakes
           in
           vicissitude
           with
           those
           things
           ,
           that
           from
           the
           lowest
           ebb
           have
           flow'd
           back
           to
           their
           greatest
           height
           ,
           it
           's
           an
           argument
           she
           is
           not
           seated
           beyond
           the
           hope
           of
           being
           restored
           to
           her
           greatest
           lustre
           ,
           and
           flourishing
           splendor
           ,
           as
           formerly
           she
           was
           ,
           when
           Physicians
           were
           courted
           and
           reverenced
           by
           multitudes
           of
           Sick
           ,
           and
           attended
           with
           a
           train
           of
           their
           own
           Servants
           ,
           their
           Apothecaries
           and
           Chyrurgeons
           all
           diligently
           expecting
           their
           commands
           ,
           to
           a
           tittle
           and
           every
           the
           least
           circumstance
           executing
           their
           duty
           ,
           and
           concurring
           with
           the
           people
           ,
           in
           calling
           them
           ,
           for
           the
           wonders
           they
           did
           ,
           
             Tutelar
             Gods.
          
           Whence
           I
           conclude
           the
           Trade
           of
           an
           Apothecary
           and
           the
           Vocation
           of
           a
           Chyrurgeon
           to
           be
           of
           absolute
           
           necessity
           ;
           for
           its
           impossible
           any
           Physician
           of
           moderate
           practice
           ,
           can
           afford
           himself
           the
           time
           of
           visiting
           his
           Patients
           ,
           (
           which
           in
           this
           City
           do
           oft
           happen
           to
           live
           dispersed
           ,
           and
           very
           remote
           from
           one
           another
           ,
           )
           and
           afterwards
           repair
           to
           his
           Study
           ,
           and
           take
           their
           particular
           cases
           into
           a
           more
           deliberate
           and
           serious
           consideration
           ,
           than
           the
           talking
           noise
           of
           Visiters
           ,
           Nurse
           ,
           and
           others
           about
           the
           Sick
           will
           permit
           ;
           unless
           as
           too
           many
           are
           ,
           he
           is
           accustomed
           to
           make
           use
           of
           the
           
             Empiricks
             Conjecturing
          
           Compass
           ,
           and
           so
           slubber
           over
           the
           Disease
           ;
           not
           being
           sensible
           all
           this
           while
           ,
           it
           is
           the
           life
           of
           a
           man
           hung
           to
           a
           thread
           ,
           depends
           on
           his
           care
           ,
           which
           by
           the
           least
           of
           his
           mistakes
           or
           neglects
           will
           certainly
           snap
           in
           pieces
           ;
           whereby
           God
           is
           robbed
           of
           the
           Glory
           ,
           which
           would
           have
           been
           due
           to
           him
           by
           his
           cure
           ,
           the
           Prince
           deprived
           of
           one
           of
           his
           Subjects
           ,
           it
           may
           be
           main
           a
           pillar
           of
           his
           Throne
           ,
           Wife
           and
           Children
           by
           the
           loss
           of
           Husband
           and
           Father
           reduced
           to
           beggery
           ,
           and
           possibly
           to
           Whoredom
           or
           Theft
           for
           a
           livelyhood
           ,
           Creditors
           are
           necessitated
           to
           a
           Bankrupt
           for
           the
           death
           of
           their
           Debtor
           ;
           all
           which
           important
           and
           weighty
           consequences
           are
           to
           be
           placed
           to
           the
           account
           of
           Debet
           of
           the
           Physician
           .
           That
           besides
           these
           parts
           of
           his
           duty
           devouring
           a
           very
           great
           share
           of
           his
           time
           ,
           there
           should
           be
           a
           remainder
           sufficient
           for
           him
           with
           his
           own
           hands
           to
           praepare
           
           all
           the
           Medicines
           ,
           the
           Diseases
           of
           his
           Patients
           shall
           require
           ,
           is
           not
           to
           be
           imagined
           ;
           for
           supposing
           the
           number
           of
           his
           Patients
           not
           to
           exceed
           three
           or
           four
           ,
           their
           Diseases
           in
           one
           or
           other
           to
           be
           complicated
           or
           double
           ,
           as
           a
           Pleurisie
           complicated
           with
           any
           other
           inflammation
           ,
           or
           obstruction
           of
           the
           Kidneys
           ,
           Guts
           ,
           Bladder
           ,
           &c.
           
           Which
           former
           by
           its
           self
           presses
           for
           the
           praeparation
           of
           a
           Julep
           ,
           a
           Linctius
           ,
           a
           Glyster
           or
           two
           ,
           a
           Cordial
           ,
           a
           Cataplasm
           ,
           a
           Sudorifick
           Antipleuritick
           ,
           an
           Hypnotick
           ,
           &c.
           
           In
           summa
           eight
           or
           ten
           taedious
           Medicines
           are
           to
           be
           made
           up
           in
           one
           day
           for
           one
           single
           Patient
           ,
           it
           may
           be
           as
           many
           more
           for
           a
           second
           ,
           third
           and
           fourth
           ;
           so
           here
           are
           about
           forty
           Medicines
           to
           be
           praepared
           ,
           carried
           away
           ,
           and
           applyed
           all
           in
           one
           afternoon
           ,
           a
           task
           that
           more
           probably
           ought
           to
           employ
           three
           or
           four
           than
           one
           ;
           But
           what
           if
           a
           Physician
           receives
           into
           cure
           thirty
           or
           forty
           ,
           as
           in
           Spring
           and
           Fall
           many
           do
           ,
           to
           expect
           from
           his
           hands
           the
           praeparation
           of
           the
           sixteenth
           part
           of
           the
           Medicines
           ,
           were
           most
           absurd
           .
           So
           that
           necessarily
           from
           this
           self-praeparing
           of
           ordinary
           Remedies
           ,
           would
           issue
           a
           neglect
           and
           omission
           of
           many
           requisite
           Medicines
           ,
           and
           in
           want
           of
           some
           proper
           ones
           ,
           the
           substituting
           of
           improper
           ,
           and
           consequently
           this
           reformation
           must
           infer
           a
           greater
           number
           of
           inconveniences
           ,
           than
           the
           praesent
           practice
           is
           subject
           to
           .
           Moreover
           
           that
           a
           Physician
           should
           consume
           the
           better
           part
           of
           his
           time
           in
           this
           so
           servil
           and
           drudging
           employ
           ,
           were
           to
           slight
           the
           Imperial
           and
           Commanding
           part
           of
           Physick
           ,
           to
           lose
           the
           honour
           and
           respect
           due
           to
           him
           from
           those
           his
           Underlings
           and
           others
           ,
           and
           absolutely
           to
           turn
           a
           pure
           Empirick
           ,
           by
           minding
           the
           praeparation
           and
           application
           of
           his
           Medicines
           more
           ,
           than
           the
           Theoretick
           and
           Methodical
           Science
           of
           Physick
           ;
           which
           ought
           to
           be
           praeserved
           and
           improved
           by
           his
           continuated
           Study
           ,
           wherein
           he
           must
           now
           be
           exposed
           to
           a
           perpetual
           disturbance
           by
           the
           noise
           of
           the
           Mortar
           ,
           and
           have
           his
           spirits
           dampt
           by
           the
           unpleasant
           steems
           of
           Glysters
           ,
           Oyntments
           ,
           and
           Plaisters
           ,
           and
           necessitated
           to
           convert
           his
           house
           ,
           which
           the
           honour
           of
           his
           Profession
           requires
           neat
           and
           splendid
           ,
           into
           a
           Hogsty
           .
           How
           this
           greasie
           ,
           stinking
           Glyster-Pipe
           and
           Plaister-Box
           Doctor
           can
           be
           endured
           in
           the
           praesence
           of
           some
           delicate
           tendersented
           Ladies
           ,
           that
           are
           his
           Patients
           ,
           you
           may
           justly
           admire
           ,
           when
           upon
           his
           feeling
           of
           their
           pulse
           with
           his
           unctuous
           fist
           ,
           they
           shall
           apprehend
           themselves
           to
           stink
           of
           Threacle
           and
           Mithridate
           all
           the
           day
           after
           .
           But
           setting
           aside
           the
           fore-mentioned
           reasons
           ,
           and
           allowing
           the
           necessity
           and
           decency
           of
           reducing
           those
           two
           parts
           of
           praescribing
           and
           praeparing
           Medicines
           into
           one
           body
           again
           ,
           the
           Physician
           having
           onely
           the
           possession
           
           of
           the
           better
           part
           ,
           must
           go
           backwards
           to
           learn
           the
           worser
           from
           the
           Druggist
           and
           Apothecary
           ;
           to
           wit
           from
           the
           former
           ,
           the
           knowledge
           ,
           choice
           ,
           and
           prices
           of
           all
           his
           Drugs
           ,
           wherein
           he
           must
           run
           the
           hazard
           of
           being
           cheated
           by
           him
           ,
           in
           buying
           
             Quid
             pro
             Quo
          
           ,
           a
           rotten
           Drug
           for
           a
           sound
           one
           ,
           and
           paying
           a
           double
           rate
           more
           than
           the
           value
           of
           the
           commodity
           ,
           which
           may
           happen
           for
           three
           or
           four
           times
           at
           least
           ,
           until
           he
           hath
           Purchased
           a
           competent
           craft
           for
           buying
           and
           selling
           .
           From
           the
           latter
           his
           quondam
           servant
           the
           Apothecary
           ,
           he
           must
           be
           instructed
           in
           all
           the
           Artifices
           and
           dexterous
           wayes
           of
           praeparing
           Simples
           ,
           mixing
           and
           dispensing
           them
           into
           compositions
           ,
           of
           dissolving
           Gums
           ,
           expressing
           of
           Oyls
           ,
           and
           Juyces
           ,
           praeserving
           and
           candying
           of
           Flowrs
           ,
           Herbs
           ,
           Stalks
           ,
           and
           Rinds
           ;
           powdering
           and
           rasping
           of
           Woods
           and
           Barks
           ;
           rubbing
           the
           
             posteriora
             secundum
             artem
          
           for
           to
           apply
           Leeches
           ,
           besides
           a
           hundred
           other
           particularities
           ▪
           knacks
           ,
           and
           ornaments
           ,
           as
           gilding
           of
           Electuaries
           ,
           Bolusses
           ,
           and
           Pills
           ,
           and
           standing
           in
           a
           handsom
           decent
           posture
           at
           the
           Mortar
           ,
           and
           with
           a
           
             Bonne
             grace
          
           to
           found
           a
           March
           ,
           or
           Chyme
           a
           Tune
           with
           the
           Pestil
           ,
           as
           he
           is
           pulverising
           ,
           thereby
           to
           awake
           peoples
           drowsie
           eyes
           ,
           and
           make
           'em
           look
           up
           to
           see
           what
           Trade
           lives
           there
           ;
           and
           lastly
           of
           tying
           up
           Gallipots
           and
           Viols
           ,
           with
           old
           Taffety
           ,
           rangeing
           of
           'em
           in
           order
           
           on
           the
           Stall
           ,
           to
           give
           passers
           by
           a
           
             nota
             benè
          
           of
           the
           great
           Trading
           of
           that
           Shop
           ;
           in
           fine
           ,
           seven
           years
           is
           no
           more
           than
           a
           just
           space
           ,
           to
           conquer
           the
           difficulties
           of
           their
           mysterious
           Trade
           ,
           which
           not
           considering
           the
           loss
           of
           time
           ,
           how
           much
           it
           may
           contribute
           to
           the
           further
           adornment
           of
           the
           Accomplisht
           Physicians
           ,
           I
           refer
           to
           better
           concocted
           Judgments
           .
        
         
           §
           In
           the
           next
           place
           let
           's
           ponder
           ,
           whether
           it
           consists
           with
           the
           Maximes
           of
           Policy
           to
           extirpate
           and
           subvert
           their
           Corporation
           ,
           though
           supposing
           the
           better
           half
           of
           'em
           to
           be
           such
           as
           I
           have
           termed
           Practical
           men
           ,
           and
           to
           whose
           ill
           conduct
           in
           their
           practice
           the
           Bills
           of
           Mortality
           may
           owe
           the
           greater
           half
           of
           the
           number
           of
           Burials
           .
           At
           praesent
           the
           Countrey
           being
           so
           much
           depopulated
           by
           Plague
           and
           Wars
           ,
           the
           supposition
           may
           merit
           some
           consideration
           ,
           however
           the
           advantages
           their
           continuance
           imports
           to
           the
           publick
           seem
           to
           overbalance
           the
           Scales
           .
           1.
           
           The
           number
           of
           their
           Trade
           aequaling
           ,
           if
           not
           exceeding
           any
           other
           ,
           implyes
           so
           many
           Families
           ,
           whose
           necessities
           of
           Victuals
           and
           Clothes
           occasion
           a
           considerable
           Trade
           .
           2.
           
           Druggists
           ,
           Chymists
           ,
           Merchants
           of
           Drugs
           ,
           Seamen
           that
           Transport
           the
           Drugs
           ,
           Seedsmen
           ,
           Herb-women
           ,
           Gardiners
           ,
           Labourers
           ,
           and
           many
           others
           having
           so
           great
           a
           dependance
           on
           Apothecaries
           ,
           would
           all
           by
           their
           extirpation
           sustain
           a
           
           damage
           of
           that
           importance
           ,
           as
           should
           disenable
           them
           of
           contributing
           so
           considerably
           to
           the
           common
           Trade
           of
           necessaries
           ,
           as
           such
           a
           vast
           number
           of
           Families
           require
           .
           3.
           
           By
           the
           ruine
           of
           all
           those
           Trades
           and
           Families
           ,
           it
           's
           certain
           the
           King
           would
           take
           a
           share
           in
           the
           damage
           ,
           losing
           so
           valuable
           a
           Custom
           as
           that
           of
           Drugs
           ,
           and
           in
           time
           of
           War
           ,
           and
           other
           occasions
           ,
           by
           the
           impair
           of
           his
           Subsidies
           and
           Taxes
           ,
           which
           the
           consequence
           of
           so
           great
           a
           proportion
           of
           Subjects
           ruinated
           in
           their
           Vocation
           must
           necessarily
           produce
           .
           4.
           
           Churches
           have
           been
           lay'd
           even
           with
           their
           foundation
           by
           the
           late
           dreadful
           Fire
           ,
           and
           therefore
           through
           the
           zeal
           of
           our
           times
           it
           's
           ordained
           ,
           they
           shall
           be
           again
           raised
           to
           their
           former
           structure
           by
           a
           Revennue
           from
           the
           Fire
           ,
           coals
           ;
           but
           this
           sufficeing
           only
           for
           the
           outside
           ,
           the
           inside
           ,
           as
           Pews
           ,
           Benches
           ,
           and
           Pulpits
           ,
           is
           to
           be
           built
           by
           the
           product
           of
           purchases
           of
           Graves
           ,
           which
           if
           Apothecaries
           be
           suppress'd
           ,
           and
           practice
           wholly
           left
           to
           Physicians
           ,
           will
           come
           in
           but
           slow
           ,
           and
           therefore
           for
           the
           quickning
           of
           that
           great
           work
           ,
           they
           ought
           to
           be
           encouraged
           .
           5.
           
           The
           antiquity
           of
           this
           so
           necessary
           Trade
           compraehending
           some
           hundreds
           of
           years
           ,
           pleads
           strongly
           for
           the
           right
           of
           their
           continuance
           .
           6.
           
           Humane
           policy
           cannot
           conceal
           its
           jealousie
           in
           a
           point
           so
           essential
           as
           the
           life
           of
           man
           ,
           and
           therefore
           it
           's
           but
           just
           ,
           it
           should
           require
           
           some
           small
           counterpoise
           ,
           to
           balance
           and
           justifie
           the
           actions
           of
           Physicians
           ,
           when
           quaestion'd
           in
           the
           death
           of
           any
           ,
           which
           the
           Apothecary
           is
           ever
           ready
           to
           do
           ,
           by
           shewing
           the
           praescriptions
           ,
           and
           averring
           the
           excellency
           of
           the
           Medicines
           .
           Moreover
           Physicians
           are
           mortal
           men
           ,
           and
           may
           (
           and
           oft
           have
           )
           in
           a
           debauch'd
           humour
           praescribe
           improper
           Medicines
           ,
           and
           most
           improportionate
           Doses
           ,
           which
           an
           Apothecary
           by
           the
           experience
           of
           his
           Trade
           may
           discover
           ,
           and
           repair
           for
           a
           rectification
           to
           the
           Physician
           next
           morning
           ,
           when
           the
           cloud
           is
           over
           with
           him
           .
           And
           what
           is
           yet
           more
           ,
           the
           Apothecary
           may
           inform
           the
           Physician
           ,
           though
           praescribing
           according
           to
           the
           exactest
           rules
           of
           Art
           ,
           the
           Dose
           of
           his
           praescription
           to
           be
           too
           large
           for
           the
           particular
           constitution
           of
           a
           Patient
           ,
           which
           his
           former
           experience
           of
           him
           confirms
           ,
           that
           the
           sixteenth
           part
           of
           it
           will
           work
           most
           strongly
           with
           him
           ;
           and
           I
           must
           tell
           you
           ,
           some
           lives
           have
           been
           saved
           by
           these
           kind
           of
           admonitions
           ,
           and
           yet
           no
           dishonour
           to
           the
           Physician
           .
           The
           onely
           objection
           against
           the
           inference
           of
           these
           politick
           reasons
           ,
           is
           deduced
           from
           the
           authority
           of
           Plato
           ,
           asserting
           that
           
             it
             is
             a
             sign
             of
             an
             ill
             govern'd
             Commonwealth
             ,
             where
             there
             are
             a
             great
             number
             of
             Physicians
             .
          
        
         
           §
           To
           rommage
           into
           the
           very
           bottom
           of
           this
           controversie
           ,
           let
           's
           suppose
           the
           praemisses
           insufficient
           
           for
           an
           inference
           ,
           and
           enquire
           whether
           it
           were
           possible
           ,
           to
           give
           them
           a
           lift
           out
           of
           their
           Quacking
           ,
           or
           rather
           out
           of
           their
           honester
           Calling
           of
           praeparing
           Medicines
           .
           I
           say
           no
           ,
           for
           considering
           their
           great
           number
           ,
           wherein
           they
           exceed
           Physicians
           ;
           their
           being
           more
           popular
           among
           the
           Vulgar
           than
           they
           ;
           the
           daily
           obligation
           they
           impose
           upon
           most
           Trades
           ,
           by
           buying
           their
           necessaries
           of
           them
           ,
           or
           otherwayes
           imploying
           them
           ,
           all
           whom
           the
           duty
           of
           retaliation
           and
           gratitude
           perswades
           to
           make
           use
           of
           Apothecaries
           in
           their
           way
           ;
           the
           multitude
           of
           their
           Relations
           and
           Kindred
           ,
           that
           out
           of
           impulse
           of
           nature
           ,
           more
           than
           reason
           ,
           will
           endeavour
           to
           promote
           their
           interest
           ;
           it
           's
           an
           argument
           to
           convince
           me
           ,
           that
           the
           Physicians
           addresses
           to
           the
           Vulgar
           by
           their
           manifesto's
           ,
           will
           prove
           insignificant
           ,
           well
           knowing
           that
           Judges
           so
           ignorant
           as
           they
           ,
           will
           rather
           incline
           to
           the
           ignorant
           party
           ;
           and
           therefore
           to
           praevent
           their
           putting
           on
           Plush
           Jackets
           ,
           to
           appear
           as
           like
           Physicians
           ,
           as
           the
           Monkey
           did
           a
           Lawyer
           ,
           when
           he
           had
           got's
           Masters
           Cap
           on
           ,
           and
           so
           to
           Quack
           openly
           ,
           it
           will
           prove
           of
           greater
           concern
           to
           reduce
           them
           to
           their
           duty
           ,
           by
           the
           course
           I
           shall
           describe
           anon
           ,
           than
           to
           labour
           their
           suppression
           in
           vain
           .
        
         
           §
           Hitherto
           I
           have
           entertained
           my
           Reader
           with
           a
           discourse
           of
           the
           whole
           intrigue
           in
           the
           Trade
           of
           
           Apothecaries
           ,
           my
           own
           curiosity
           I
           will
           praefer
           next
           ,
           in
           amusing
           at
           the
           grounds
           and
           reasons
           ,
           why
           Apothecaries
           in
           most
           Kingdoms
           do
           generally
           Quack
           and
           Aemulate
           Physicians
           in
           their
           practice
           ,
           rather
           than
           subject
           themselves
           to
           the
           just
           Laws
           of
           Physick
           ,
           which
           in
           most
           Commonwealths
           they
           are
           the
           most
           inviolable
           observers
           of
           .
           It
           is
           not
           the
           Witchcraft
           of
           money
           or
           promises
           ,
           can
           prevail
           with
           an
           Apothecary
           in
           
             Flanders
             ,
             Holland
          
           ,
           or
           any
           of
           the
           Imperial
           Cities
           of
           Germany
           ,
           to
           hazard
           his
           reputation
           ,
           or
           disturb
           his
           Conscience
           ,
           by
           giving
           to
           any
           the
           most
           harmless
           of
           Purges
           ,
           without
           a
           Bill
           from
           a
           lawful
           Physician
           ;
           whereas
           in
           France
           scarce
           any
           Apothecary
           but
           will
           praesume
           to
           advise
           Glysters
           ,
           purging
           potions
           ,
           and
           Ptisan
           ,
           which
           latter
           he
           hath
           alwayes
           ready
           ,
           and
           sells
           it
           by
           the
           quart
           .
           The
           cause
           of
           this
           difference
           is
           to
           be
           discovered
           in
           the
           people
           ,
           the
           Apothecaries
           ,
           and
           the
           Physicians
           .
           The
           Commonalty
           in
           a
           Commonwealth
           are
           universally
           more
           industrious
           ,
           saving
           ,
           and
           thrifty
           ,
           giving
           an
           undeniable
           reason
           for
           it
           ,
           that
           they
           are
           obliged
           so
           to
           be
           ,
           to
           provide
           for
           sickness
           and
           poverty
           ;
           at
           which
           time
           namely
           of
           sickness
           ,
           the
           meanest
           Tradesman
           or
           Labourer
           is
           as
           willing
           to
           shew
           his
           gratitude
           to
           the
           Physician
           ,
           for
           the
           praeservation
           of
           his
           life
           (
           which
           he
           puts
           a
           greater
           value
           upon
           ,
           than
           to
           intrust
           with
           an
           Apothecary
           )
           
           as
           the
           best
           of
           the
           Magistrates
           .
           On
           the
           other
           hand
           in
           a
           Kingdom
           the
           popularity
           is
           more
           profuse
           and
           Prodigal
           ,
           by
           reason
           there
           being
           a
           great
           concourse
           of
           people
           and
           principally
           of
           Nobility
           and
           Gentry
           of
           great
           Estates
           ,
           occasioning
           an
           universal
           Trade
           ,
           extended
           to
           the
           meanest
           ,
           makes
           money
           easier
           to
           come
           by
           ;
           whence
           the
           Vulgar
           spending
           it
           as
           easie
           ,
           in
           case
           of
           sickness
           ,
           find
           themselves
           destitute
           of
           a
           capacity
           to
           satisfie
           a
           Physician
           honorably
           ,
           and
           therefore
           are
           forced
           to
           apply
           themselves
           to
           Empiricks
           ,
           or
           Practising
           Apothecaries
           ,
           where
           they
           may
           have
           advice
           and
           Physick
           at
           the
           same
           charge
           .
           The
           difference
           between
           the
           Physician
           of
           a
           Kingdom
           ,
           and
           a
           Commonwealth
           ,
           is
           ,
           that
           the
           former
           respecting
           the
           support
           of
           his
           honour
           and
           ease
           ,
           judges
           his
           merits
           by
           far
           to
           exceed
           the
           latter
           ,
           who
           imagines
           himself
           well
           satisfied
           with
           the
           value
           of
           a
           shilling
           for
           each
           visit
           ,
           and
           for
           that
           reason
           is
           upon
           the
           least
           occasion
           sent
           for
           ;
           whence
           it
           happens
           ,
           his
           visits
           sometimes
           are
           so
           multiplyed
           ,
           that
           I
           have
           known
           several
           to
           have
           made
           fourscore
           and
           a
           hundred
           visits
           a
           day
           .
        
         
           §
           Once
           more
           I
           must
           disgust
           your
           Palat
           ,
           with
           the
           relation
           of
           the
           nauseous
           ,
           ineffectual
           ,
           and
           fraudulent
           practice
           of
           Apothecaries
           ,
           who
           with
           their
           ends
           of
           Latine
           ,
           choaking
           terms
           ,
           and
           stifling
           phrases
           ,
           strive
           to
           confound
           and
           amaze
           the
           simple
           
           vulgar
           .
           If
           you
           are
           not
           too
           melancholy
           ,
           you
           may
           smile
           at
           this
           Story
           ,
           a
           Practical
           Apothecary
           coming
           to
           see
           his
           Customer
           ,
           a
           Cobler
           ,
           that
           lay
           indisposed
           of
           a
           Colick
           ,
           observed
           him
           to
           crack
           a
           fart
           ,
           (
           for
           so
           it
           is
           expressed
           in
           the
           Original
           ,
           )
           upon
           which
           saith
           the
           Apothecary
           ,
           Sir
           ,
           that
           's
           nothing
           but
           the
           
             Tonitruation
             of
             flatuosities
             in
             your
             Intestines
          
           ;
           this
           was
           no
           sooner
           out
           of
           his
           mouth
           ,
           but
           the
           Cobler
           crackt
           another
           ,
           and
           replyed
           to
           his
           Doctor
           ,
           Sir
           that
           's
           nothing
           but
           your
           Hob-gobling
           notes
           thundering
           winds
           out
           of
           my
           Guts
           ,
           which
           litteral
           return
           of
           his
           terms
           of
           Art
           in
           plain
           English
           ,
           though
           by
           chance
           ,
           obliged
           the
           Apothecary
           to
           this
           expression
           ,
           I
           beg
           you
           pardon
           Sir
           ,
           I
           suppose
           you
           have
           studied
           the
           Art
           of
           Physick
           ,
           as
           well
           as
           my self
           ,
           and
           want
           not
           my
           help
           ;
           and
           so
           away
           went
           
             Don
             Ieronimo
             di
             Capo
             di
             Bove
             .
          
           After
           this
           give
           me
           leave
           to
           be
           serious
           ,
           in
           examining
           their
           general
           practice
           in
           all
           Diseases
           .
           Suppose
           your self
           to
           be
           troubled
           with
           any
           Distemper
           ,
           it
           matters
           not
           which
           ,
           for
           all
           is
           one
           to
           him
           you
           are
           to
           send
           to
           ;
           upon
           his
           arrival
           he
           feels
           your
           Pulse
           ,
           and
           with
           a
           fixt
           eye
           on
           your
           countenance
           ,
           tells
           you
           ,
           your
           spirits
           are
           low
           ,
           and
           therefore
           it
           's
           high
           time
           for
           a
           Cordial
           ;
           the
           next
           interrogatory
           he
           puts
           gravely
           to
           you
           is
           ,
           when
           was
           you
           at
           Stool
           Sir
           ?
           If
           not
           to
           day
           ,
           he
           promises
           to
           send
           you
           a
           Laxative
           Glyster
           by
           and
           by
           ;
           and
           if
           you
           complain
           you
           
           have
           a
           Loosness
           ,
           then
           instead
           of
           one
           Laxative
           ,
           he
           will
           send
           you
           two
           healing
           Glysters
           .
           If
           besides
           you
           intimate
           a
           pain
           in
           your
           Stomach
           ,
           Back
           and
           Sides
           ,
           then
           responding
           to
           each
           pain
           you
           shall
           have
           a
           Stomach
           Plaister
           ,
           another
           for
           the
           right
           side
           ,
           a
           third
           for
           the
           left
           ,
           and
           a
           fourth
           for
           the
           Back
           ;
           and
           so
           you
           are
           like
           to
           be
           well
           patch'd
           ,
           and
           fortified
           round
           your
           middle
           .
           Now
           before
           we
           go
           farther
           ,
           let
           's
           compute
           the
           charge
           of
           this
           first
           day
           .
           Here
           is
           a
           Cordial
           composed
           by
           the
           direction
           of
           some
           old
           dusty
           Bill
           on
           his
           File
           ,
           out
           of
           two
           or
           three
           musty
           Waters
           ,
           (
           especially
           if
           it
           be
           towards
           the
           latter
           end
           of
           the
           year
           ,
           and
           that
           his
           Glasses
           have
           been
           stopt
           with
           corks
           )
           viz.
           It
           may
           be
           a
           Citron
           ,
           a
           Borrage
           ,
           and
           a
           Baum
           Water
           ,
           all
           very
           full
           of
           Spirits
           ;
           if
           River
           Water
           may
           be
           so
           accounted
           ;
           to
           these
           is
           to
           be
           added
           one
           Ounce
           of
           that
           miraculous
           Threacle
           Water
           ,
           then
           to
           be
           dissolved
           a
           Dram
           of
           
             Confectio
             Alkermes
          
           ,
           and
           one
           Ounce
           of
           nauseous
           Syrup
           of
           Gillyflowers
           ;
           this
           being
           well
           shaked
           in
           the
           Viol
           ,
           you
           shall
           spy
           a
           great
           quantity
           of
           Gold
           swiming
           in
           leaves
           up
           and
           down
           ,
           for
           which
           your
           Conscience
           would
           be
           burdened
           ,
           should
           you
           give
           him
           less
           than
           five
           shillings
           ;
           for
           from
           the
           meanest
           Tradesman
           he
           expects
           without
           the
           least
           abatement
           ,
           three
           and
           six
           pence
           ,
           the
           ordinary
           and
           general
           price
           of
           all
           Cordials
           ,
           though
           consisting
           only
           of
           two
           Ounces
           
           of
           Baume
           Water
           ,
           and
           half
           an
           Ounce
           of
           Syrup
           of
           Gillyflowers
           .
           Your
           Glyster
           shall
           be
           praepared
           out
           of
           two
           or
           three
           handfuls
           of
           Mallow
           leaves
           ,
           and
           one
           Ounce
           of
           common
           Fennil
           seeds
           ,
           boyl'd
           in
           water
           to
           a
           pint
           ,
           which
           strained
           shall
           be
           thickned
           with
           the
           Common
           
             Electuary
             Lenitive
          
           ,
           Rape
           Oyle
           and
           Brown
           Sugar
           ,
           and
           so
           seasoned
           with
           Salt.
           This
           shall
           be
           conveighed
           into
           your
           Guts
           by
           the
           young
           Doctor
           his
           man
           ,
           through
           an
           engin
           he
           carries
           commonly
           about
           him
           ,
           and
           makes
           him
           smell
           so
           wholsom
           ,
           for
           which
           piece
           of
           service
           ,
           if
           you
           praesent
           your
           Engeneer
           below
           half
           a
           Crown
           ,
           he
           will
           think
           himself
           worse
           dealt
           with
           than
           those
           ,
           who
           empty
           your
           necessary
           Closets
           in
           the
           night
           .
           The
           Master
           places
           to
           account
           for
           the
           Gut-Medicine
           ,
           (
           though
           it
           were
           no
           more
           than
           water
           and
           salt
           ,
           )
           and
           for
           the
           use
           of
           his
           man
           ,
           which
           he
           calls
           Porteridge
           ,
           eight
           Groats
           ;
           Item
           ,
           for
           a
           
             Stomachick
             ,
             Hepatick
             ,
             Splenetick
          
           ,
           and
           a
           Nephritick
           Plaister
           ,
           for
           each
           half
           a
           Crown
           .
           What
           the
           total
           of
           this
           dayes
           Physick
           amounts
           to
           ,
           you
           may
           reckon
           .
           The
           next
           afternoon
           or
           evening
           ,
           returns
           the
           Apothecary
           himself
           ,
           to
           give
           you
           a
           visit
           ,
           (
           for
           should
           he
           appear
           in
           the
           morning
           ,
           it
           would
           argue
           he
           had
           little
           to
           do
           ,
           )
           and
           finding
           upon
           examination
           ,
           you
           are
           rather
           worse
           than
           better
           ,
           by
           reason
           those
           Plaisters
           caused
           a
           melting
           of
           the
           gross
           humours
           about
           the
           Bowels
           ,
           and
           dissolved
           them
           
           into
           winds
           and
           vapours
           ,
           which
           fuming
           to
           the
           head
           ,
           occasion
           a
           great
           Headach
           ,
           dulness
           and
           drowsiness
           ,
           and
           part
           of
           'em
           being
           dispersed
           through
           the
           Guts
           and
           Belly
           discommode
           you
           with
           a
           Colick
           ,
           a
           swelling
           of
           your
           Belly
           ,
           and
           an
           universal
           pain
           or
           lassitude
           in
           all
           your
           Limbs
           ;
           thus
           you
           see
           ,
           one
           day
           makes
           work
           for
           another
           ;
           however
           he
           hath
           the
           wit
           to
           assure
           you
           ,
           they
           are
           signs
           of
           the
           Operation
           of
           yesterdayes
           means
           ,
           beginning
           to
           move
           and
           dissolve
           the
           humours
           ,
           which
           successful
           work
           is
           to
           be
           promoted
           by
           a
           Cordial
           Apozem
           ,
           the
           repetition
           of
           a
           Carminative
           Glyster
           ,
           another
           Cordial
           to
           take
           by
           Spoonfuls
           ,
           and
           because
           your
           sleep
           hath
           been
           interrupted
           by
           the
           unquietness
           of
           swelling
           humours
           ,
           he
           will
           endeavour
           to
           procure
           you
           for
           this
           next
           night
           a
           Truce
           with
           your
           Disease
           ,
           by
           an
           Hypnotick
           potion
           ,
           that
           shall
           occasion
           rest
           .
           Neither
           will
           he
           give
           you
           other
           cause
           than
           to
           imagine
           him
           a
           most
           careful
           man
           ,
           and
           so
           circumspect
           ,
           that
           scarce
           a
           Symptom
           shall
           escape
           his
           particular
           regard
           ,
           and
           therefore
           to
           remove
           your
           Headach
           by
           retracting
           the
           humours
           ▪
           or
           rather
           as
           you
           are
           like
           to
           discern
           best
           by
           attracting
           humours
           and
           vapours
           ,
           he
           will
           order
           his
           young
           Mercury
           to
           apply
           a
           Vesicatory
           to
           the
           nape
           of
           your
           Neck
           ,
           and
           with
           a
           warm
           hand
           to
           besmear
           your
           Belly
           and
           all
           your
           Joints
           ,
           with
           a
           good
           comfortable
           Oyntment
           ,
           for
           to
           appease
           
           your
           pains
           The
           Cordial
           Apozem
           is
           a
           Decoction
           ,
           that
           shall
           derive
           its
           vertue
           from
           two
           or
           three
           unsavory
           Roots
           ,
           as
           many
           Herbs
           and
           Seeds
           ,
           with
           a
           little
           Syrup
           of
           Gillyflowers
           ,
           for
           three
           or
           four
           times
           taking
           ,
           which
           because
           you
           shall
           not
           undervalue
           by
           having
           it
           brought
           to
           you
           all
           in
           one
           Glass
           ,
           you
           shall
           have
           it
           sent
           you
           in
           so
           many
           Viols
           &
           Draughts
           ,
           &
           for
           every
           one
           of
           'em
           shall
           be
           placed
           three
           shillings
           to
           your
           account
           ,
           which
           is
           five
           parts
           more
           than
           the
           whcle
           stands
           him
           in
           ;
           for
           the
           Cordial
           potion
           as
           much
           ,
           for
           the
           Hypnotick
           potion
           the
           same
           price
           ,
           for
           your
           Carminative
           Glyster
           no
           less
           ,
           and
           for
           the
           Epispastick
           Plaister
           a
           shilling
           .
           Thus
           with
           the
           increase
           of
           your
           Disease
           you
           may
           perceive
           the
           increase
           of
           your
           Bill
           ,
           and
           therefore
           it
           's
           no
           improper
           observation
           ,
           that
           the
           Apothecaries
           Practice
           follows
           the
           course
           of
           the
           Moon
           .
           The
           third
           day
           producing
           an
           addition
           of
           new
           Symptoms
           ,
           and
           an
           augmentation
           of
           the
           old
           ones
           ,
           the
           Patient
           stands
           in
           need
           of
           new
           comfort
           from
           his
           Apothecary
           ,
           who
           tells
           him
           ,
           that
           nature
           begins
           now
           to
           work
           more
           strong
           ,
           and
           therefore
           all
           things
           goes
           well
           ,
           (
           and
           never
           ill
           ;
           )
           but
           because
           nature
           requires
           all
           possible
           assistance
           from
           Cordials
           and
           small
           evacuations
           ,
           he
           must
           expect
           the
           same
           Cordials
           over
           again
           ,
           but
           with
           the
           addition
           of
           greater
           ingredients
           ,
           it
           may
           be
           Magistery
           of
           Pearl
           ,
           or
           Oriental
           
           Bezoar
           in
           Powder
           ,
           the
           former
           being
           oft
           times
           but
           Mother
           of
           Pearl
           dissolved
           in
           distilled
           Vinegar
           ,
           the
           latter
           a
           cheat
           the
           Armenians
           put
           upon
           the
           Christians
           ,
           by
           ramming
           Pebbles
           down
           a
           Goats
           throat
           ,
           afterwards
           killing
           him
           ,
           and
           extracting
           the
           stones
           before
           witness
           out
           of
           his
           Maw
           ,
           which
           they
           sell
           for
           those
           rare
           Bezoars
           ,
           whereof
           the
           quantity
           of
           fifteen
           Grains
           I
           have
           known
           ,
           hath
           been
           taken
           by
           a
           Child
           of
           a
           year
           old
           ,
           that
           lay
           ill
           of
           the
           Small
           Pox
           ,
           without
           the
           least
           effect
           of
           sweat
           or
           any
           expulsion
           through
           the
           Pores
           .
           And
           besides
           the
           repetition
           of
           a
           Glyster
           ,
           and
           the
           renewing
           of
           your
           Plaisters
           ,
           for
           the
           profit
           of
           your
           Physician
           you
           must
           be
           perswaded
           ,
           to
           accept
           of
           a
           comforting
           Electuary
           for
           the
           Stomach
           ,
           to
           promote
           digestion
           ;
           of
           a
           Collution
           to
           wash
           the
           slime
           and
           filth
           from
           your
           Tongue
           ,
           and
           to
           secure
           your
           Gums
           from
           the
           Scurvy
           ;
           of
           a
           Melilot
           Plaister
           to
           apply
           to
           the
           Blister
           was
           drawn
           ,
           the
           night
           before
           ;
           of
           some
           Spirits
           of
           Salt
           to
           drop
           into
           your
           Beer
           at
           Meals
           ,
           of
           three
           Pills
           of
           Ruffi
           to
           be
           swallowed
           down
           that
           night
           ,
           and
           three
           next
           morning
           ,
           which
           possibly
           may
           pleasure
           you
           with
           three
           Stools
           ;
           but
           are
           to
           be
           computed
           as
           2
           Doses
           ,
           each
           at
           a
           Shilling
           ;
           the
           Spirit
           of
           Salt
           a
           Crown
           the
           Ounce
           ;
           for
           the
           Stomach
           Electuary
           as
           much
           ,
           for
           the
           Glyster
           as
           before
           ;
           for
           your
           Cordial
           in
           relation
           to
           the
           Pearl
           and
           Bezoar
           ,
           their
           weight
           in
           Gold
           ,
           which
           is
           
           two
           pence
           a
           Grain
           ,
           the
           greatest
           cheat
           of
           my
           whole
           discourse
           ;
           for
           dressing
           of
           your
           Blister
           a
           shilling
           ;
           for
           the
           Plaister
           as
           formerly
           .
           Here
           I
           praesume
           that
           candour
           in
           you
           ,
           as
           not
           to
           believe
           me
           so
           disingenious
           ,
           as
           to
           take
           the
           advantage
           of
           Apothecaries
           ,
           in
           producing
           any
           other
           than
           the
           best
           methods
           of
           their
           practice
           ,
           and
           that
           which
           savours
           the
           least
           of
           their
           frauds
           ,
           for
           in
           comparison
           with
           others
           ,
           (
           though
           these
           are
           very
           palpable
           ,
           in
           regard
           there
           is
           not
           a
           valuable
           consideration
           respected
           ,
           or
           a
           proportionable
           
             Quid
             pro
             Quo
          
           ,
           )
           they
           are
           such
           as
           may
           be
           judged
           passable
           ,
           yet
           when
           you
           are
           to
           reflect
           upon
           the
           total
           ,
           that
           shall
           arrise
           out
           the
           Arithmetical
           progression
           of
           charge
           ,
           of
           a
           fortnights
           Physick
           ,
           modestly
           computed
           at
           fifteen
           Shillings
           a
           day
           ,
           without
           the
           inclusion
           of
           what
           you
           please
           to
           praesent
           him
           for
           his
           care
           ,
           trouble
           ,
           and
           attendance
           ,
           I
           will
           not
           harbour
           so
           ill
           an
           opinion
           of
           him
           ,
           or
           give
           so
           rigid
           a
           censure
           ,
           as
           your self
           shall
           upon
           the
           following
           Oration
           ,
           your
           Glysterpipe-Doctor
           delivers
           to
           you
           with
           a
           Melancholy
           accent
           ,
           in
           these
           terms
           ;
           
             Sir
             ,
             I
             have
             made
             use
             of
             my
             best
             Skil
             and
             Indeavours
             ,
             I
             have
             been
             an
             Apothecary
             this
             twenty
             years
             and
             upwards
             ,
             and
             have
             seen
             the
             best
             Practice
             of
             our
             best
          
           London
           
             Physicians
             ,
             my
             Master
             was
             such
             a
             one
             ,
             Mr.
             —
             one
             of
             the
             ablest
             Apothecaries
             of
             the
             City
             ,
             I
             have
             given
             you
             the
             best
             Cordials
             that
             can
          
           
           
             be
             praescribed
             ,
             't
             is
             at
             your
             instance
             I
             did
             it
             ,
             I
             can
             do
             no
             more
             ,
             and
             indeed
             it
             is
             more
             properly
             the
             work
             of
             a
             Physician
             ,
             your
             case
             is
             dangerous
             ,
             and
             I
             think
             if
             you
             sent
             for
             such
             a
             one
             ,
             Dr
             —
             he
             is
             a
             very
             pretty
             man
             ;
             if
             you
             please
             I
             will
             get
             him
             to
             come
             down
             .
          
           Now
           Sir
           ,
           how
           beats
           your
           Pulse
           ?
           the
           loss
           of
           the
           money
           your
           Bill
           imports
           ,
           adds
           to
           your
           pains
           ,
           through
           the
           remembrance
           it
           is
           due
           to
           one
           ,
           that
           hath
           fooled
           you
           out
           of
           it
           ,
           and
           deserved
           it
           no
           other
           way
           ,
           than
           by
           adding
           wings
           to
           your
           gross
           humours
           ,
           that
           before
           lay
           dormant
           ,
           and
           now
           fly
           rampant
           up
           and
           down
           ,
           raking
           and
           raging
           ,
           which
           had
           you
           not
           been
           penny
           wise
           and
           pound
           foolish
           ,
           you
           would
           have
           praevented
           ,
           by
           sending
           for
           a
           Physician
           ,
           who
           for
           the
           small
           merit
           of
           a
           City
           fee
           ,
           (
           for
           which
           you
           might
           also
           have
           expected
           two
           visits
           )
           would
           have
           struck
           at
           the
           root
           of
           your
           Distemper
           ,
           without
           tampering
           at
           its
           Symptoms
           ,
           or
           Branches
           ,
           and
           by
           vertue
           of
           one
           Medicine
           restor'd
           you
           to
           your
           former
           condition
           of
           health
           ,
           from
           which
           you
           are
           now
           so
           remote
           ;
           being
           necessitated
           ,
           considering
           your
           doubtful
           state
           ,
           to
           be
           at
           the
           charge
           of
           a
           Physician
           or
           two
           ,
           to
           whom
           upon
           examination
           of
           what
           hath
           been
           done
           before
           ,
           the
           Apothecary
           shall
           humbly
           declare
           ,
           he
           hath
           given
           you
           nothing
           but
           Cordials
           ,
           which
           word
           Cordial
           ,
           he
           supposes
           to
           be
           a
           sufficient
           protection
           for
           this
           erroneous
           practice
           ;
           
           and
           I
           must
           tell
           you
           ,
           that
           had
           his
           cordial
           method
           been
           continued
           in
           a
           Feaver
           ,
           or
           any
           other
           acute
           Distemper
           ,
           for
           eight
           or
           ten
           dayes
           ,
           your
           Heirs
           would
           have
           been
           particularly
           obliged
           to
           him
           ,
           for
           giving
           you
           a
           Cordial
           remove
           out
           of
           your
           possession
           ,
           and
           that
           through
           omission
           of
           those
           two
           great
           Remedies
           ,
           Purging
           and
           Bleeding
           ,
           the
           exact
           use
           whereof
           ,
           in
           respect
           of
           time
           ,
           quantity
           ,
           and
           other
           circumstances
           ,
           can
           onely
           be
           determined
           by
           Accomplisht
           Physicians
           .
        
         
           §
           I
           should
           accuse
           my self
           of
           partiality
           ,
           did
           I
           conceal
           ,
           what
           may
           be
           pleaded
           for
           their
           Practice
           .
           Many
           a
           substantial
           Citizen
           may
           have
           the
           fortune
           of
           a
           Servant
           taken
           Sick
           in
           his
           house
           ,
           who
           should
           he
           upon
           every
           flight
           accident
           of
           that
           nature
           fling
           away
           (
           as
           he
           calls
           it
           )
           ten
           shillings
           on
           a
           Physician
           ,
           might
           justly
           be
           esteemed
           an
           ill
           manager
           of
           his
           concerns
           ,
           when
           an
           Apothecary
           at
           a
           venture
           by
           giving
           a
           Vomit
           ,
           Purge
           ,
           or
           Glyster
           ,
           may
           for
           the
           charge
           of
           a
           shilling
           or
           eighteen
           pence
           remove
           the
           Distemper
           ,
           which
           that
           now
           and
           then
           he
           performs
           with
           success
           ,
           is
           universally
           known
           and
           taken
           notice
           of
           ,
           and
           therefore
           in
           such
           cases
           ,
           is
           so
           commonly
           sent
           for
           ,
           or
           else
           could
           not
           judge
           any
           man
           so
           little
           commiserating
           the
           condition
           of
           his
           Servant
           ,
           as
           to
           expose
           his
           life
           to
           a
           certain
           danger
           .
           Besides
           the
           Apothecary
           finds
           himself
           more
           galiard
           and
           confident
           in
           this
           
           his
           practice
           on
           inferiours
           ;
           for
           if
           they
           miscarry
           ,
           he
           excuses
           whatsoever
           error
           he
           hath
           committed
           ,
           by
           asserting
           ,
           he
           was
           importuned
           or
           rather
           forced
           to
           it
           by
           their
           Master
           .
           On
           the
           other
           hand
           ,
           should
           an
           Apothecary
           being
           thus
           called
           in
           to
           a
           sick
           Servant
           ,
           or
           a
           mean
           Tradesman
           ,
           whose
           condition
           by
           reason
           of
           his
           charge
           of
           Family
           and
           Children
           is
           little
           better
           ,
           refuse
           this
           assistance
           ,
           disobliges
           the
           Master
           ,
           loses
           the
           practice
           of
           his
           Family
           ,
           or
           turns
           away
           his
           Patient
           ,
           who
           shall
           immediately
           send
           to
           the
           next
           ,
           that
           shall
           most
           willingly
           embrace
           the
           employ
           ;
           whence
           may
           be
           observed
           ,
           the
           one
           necessarily
           spurs
           on
           the
           other
           to
           practice
           .
           A
           third
           import
           greater
           than
           any
           of
           the
           former
           is
           ,
           that
           Physicians
           all
           ,
           or
           most
           ,
           being
           tyed
           to
           particular
           Apothecaries
           ,
           praescribe
           their
           Bills
           in
           terms
           so
           obscure
           ,
           that
           they
           force
           all
           chance
           Patients
           to
           repair
           to
           their
           own
           Apothecaries
           ,
           praetending
           a
           particular
           secret
           ,
           which
           onely
           they
           have
           the
           key
           to
           unlock
           ;
           whereas
           in
           effect
           it
           's
           no
           other
           than
           the
           commonest
           of
           Medicines
           ,
           disguised
           under
           an
           unusual
           name
           ,
           on
           design
           to
           direct
           you
           to
           an
           Apothecary
           ,
           between
           whom
           and
           the
           Physician
           there
           is
           a
           private
           compact
           of
           going
           snips
           ,
           out
           of
           the
           most
           unreasonable
           rates
           of
           the
           said
           Medicines
           ,
           wherein
           if
           you
           seek
           a
           redress
           ,
           by
           shewing
           the
           Bill
           to
           the
           Doctor
           ,
           he
           shall
           most
           religiously
           aver
           ,
           it
           's
           the
           cheapest
           
           he
           ever
           red
           .
           The
           consequence
           hereof
           as
           to
           your
           particular
           is
           a
           double
           fraud
           ;
           and
           as
           to
           Apothecaries
           in
           general
           ,
           their
           number
           bearing
           the
           proportion
           of
           at
           least
           ten
           parts
           to
           one
           of
           noted
           Physicians
           ,
           to
           whom
           allowing
           each
           his
           
             Covenant
             Apothecary
          
           ,
           who
           constituting
           but
           one
           part
           of
           the
           ten
           ,
           the
           remaining
           nine
           parts
           of
           the
           number
           are
           compelled
           either
           to
           sit
           still
           ,
           or
           to
           Quack
           for
           a
           Livelyhood
           ;
           at
           or
           least
           eight
           of
           'em
           ,
           for
           we
           'll
           suppose
           one
           part
           of
           the
           nine
           in
           a
           possibility
           ,
           of
           acquiring
           competent
           estates
           ,
           in
           a
           way
           more
           honest
           ,
           than
           that
           of
           the
           Covenanteers
           ,
           by
           their
           wholesale
           Trade
           ,
           of
           fitting
           Chyrurgeons
           Chests
           for
           Sea
           ,
           and
           supplying
           Countrey
           Apothecaries
           with
           Compositions
           .
           Lastly
           ,
           all
           Accomplisht
           Physicians
           are
           likewise
           exposed
           to
           manifest
           injuries
           from
           those
           
             Covenant
             Apothecaries
          
           ,
           who
           being
           sent
           for
           by
           Patients
           ,
           after
           a
           short
           essay
           of
           a
           Cordial
           ,
           will
           overpower
           them
           by
           perswasions
           to
           call
           in
           a
           Doctor
           ,
           who
           shall
           be
           no
           other
           than
           his
           Covenant
           Physician
           ,
           by
           which
           means
           the
           former
           Physician
           ,
           that
           by
           his
           extraordinary
           care
           and
           Skil
           had
           obliged
           the
           Family
           before
           ,
           shall
           be
           passed
           by
           ,
           and
           lose
           the
           practice
           of
           that
           Patient
           .
           And
           should
           it
           happen
           ,
           the
           sence
           of
           gratitude
           of
           the
           forementioned
           Patient
           ,
           should
           engage
           him
           to
           continue
           the
           use
           of
           his
           former
           Physician
           ,
           yet
           this
           
             Covenant
             Apothecary
          
           shall
           privately
           cavil
           
           at
           every
           Bill
           ,
           and
           impute
           the
           appearance
           of
           every
           new
           small
           pain
           or
           symptom
           ,
           (
           which
           necessarily
           in
           the
           course
           of
           a
           Disease
           will
           happen
           )
           to
           his
           ill
           address
           in
           the
           Art
           of
           Physick
           ,
           and
           shall
           not
           give
           over
           ,
           before
           he
           hath
           introduced
           his
           Covenanteer
           ,
           whose
           authority
           in
           the
           fraud
           of
           a
           Physick
           Bill
           ,
           he
           supposes
           to
           be
           most
           necessary
           .
        
         
           §
           But
           since
           I
           have
           omitted
           nothing
           ,
           relating
           to
           the
           concern
           of
           their
           practice
           ,
           I
           will
           not
           be
           defective
           in
           proposing
           what
           may
           tend
           to
           the
           interest
           of
           their
           so
           unreasonable
           profit
           ,
           as
           people
           judge
           .
           The
           necessity
           of
           their
           Neighborhood
           to
           you
           ,
           to
           be
           at
           hand
           on
           all
           important
           occasions
           ,
           is
           an
           argument
           ,
           they
           pay
           great
           Rents
           in
           many
           places
           ,
           to
           the
           satisfaction
           whereof
           ,
           and
           the
           support
           of
           their
           Families
           ,
           it
           is
           not
           the
           profit
           commonly
           allowed
           over
           and
           above
           what
           commodities
           stand
           Retailers
           in
           at
           the
           Merchants
           or
           wholesale
           men
           ,
           will
           plentifully
           suffice
           ,
           so
           that
           it
           's
           no
           more
           than
           reason
           ,
           they
           should
           be
           considered
           in
           the
           Rates
           and
           Prices
           of
           their
           Medicines
           ,
           for
           the
           Mysterie
           ,
           pains
           ,
           and
           Art
           of
           praeparing
           them
           ,
           and
           afterwards
           conveying
           them
           to
           your
           house
           ,
           where
           their
           time
           in
           waiting
           on
           you
           ,
           and
           answering
           many
           of
           your
           impertinent
           quaestions
           ,
           or
           running
           to
           and
           fro
           for
           you
           to
           the
           Doctors
           ,
           and
           oft
           being
           called
           by
           you
           out
           of
           their
           beds
           in
           
           the
           night
           ,
           ought
           I
           judge
           likewise
           to
           be
           taken
           notice
           of
           .
           Secondly
           ,
           all
           Honest
           Apothecaries
           at
           the
           years
           end
           rid
           their
           Shops
           of
           two
           thirds
           of
           their
           decayed
           Compositions
           ,
           and
           rotten
           Simples
           ,
           which
           at
           their
           seasons
           they
           are
           obliged
           to
           praepare
           a
           fresh
           ,
           and
           keep
           them
           ready
           for
           your
           use
           ,
           if
           unhappily
           your
           Disease
           should
           require
           any
           of
           'em
           ;
           whence
           it
           appears
           the
           greatest
           justice
           ,
           you
           should
           be
           charged
           for
           Medicines
           ,
           that
           are
           purposely
           so
           praepared
           and
           reserved
           for
           you
           though
           never
           praescribed
           ,
           in
           the
           higher
           Rates
           and
           Prices
           of
           such
           ,
           you
           at
           any
           time
           have
           occasion
           for
           .
           Thirdly
           ,
           An
           Apothecary
           being
           obliged
           to
           repair
           to
           a
           Physicians
           
             Covenant
             Apothecary
          
           ,
           to
           purchase
           his
           Phantastical
           Nostrum
           at
           the
           unreasonable
           rate
           he
           is
           pleased
           to
           value
           it
           at
           ,
           doth
           not
           a
           little
           inflame
           the
           reckoning
           .
           Fourthly
           ,
           The
           unskilful
           Physician
           praescribing
           an
           Ounce
           of
           Pearl
           in
           a
           Cordial
           Emulsion
           ,
           puts
           the
           Patients
           Purse
           into
           a
           Disease
           ,
           and
           gives
           him
           but
           little
           ease
           .
           Moreover
           to
           praescribe
           Bees
           praepared
           in
           the
           Winter
           ,
           or
           four
           or
           five
           Ounces
           of
           Peach
           Kernels
           in
           the
           Spring
           ,
           or
           to
           ordain
           a
           restorative
           Electuary
           out
           of
           Parats
           tongues
           ,
           and
           Hawks
           livers
           ,
           as
           a
           most
           egregious
           Physician
           of
           our
           Town
           did
           ,
           is
           an
           argument
           ,
           you
           need
           not
           to
           stair
           if
           your
           Bill
           amounts
           to
           pounds
           sterling
           .
           And
           when
           your
           glorious
           Physician
           hath
           markt
           you
           down
           an
           Apozem
           of
           a
           
           yard
           and
           half
           long
           ,
           I
           would
           not
           have
           you
           dispute
           with
           your
           Apothecary
           ,
           for
           demanding
           more
           than
           what
           's
           usual
           for
           one
           ,
           that
           contains
           but
           a
           simple
           or
           two
           ,
           which
           possibly
           shall
           operate
           more
           effectually
           ,
           and
           the
           Physician
           will
           know
           more
           certainly
           ,
           which
           of
           the
           Simples
           did
           the
           feat
           ,
           whereas
           in
           a
           great
           composition
           it
           's
           impossible
           to
           determinate
           which
           of
           'em
           contributed
           most
           to
           the
           Cure.
           §
           These
           defects
           and
           abuses
           in
           the
           practice
           of
           Physick
           in
           relation
           to
           their
           prices
           ,
           chiefly
           depend
           on
           the
           great
           bulk
           of
           the
           
             London
             Dispensatory
          
           ,
           being
           overburdned
           with
           at
           least
           two
           thirds
           ,
           though
           considering
           the
           time
           it
           was
           framed
           in
           ,
           might
           well
           have
           vyed
           with
           any
           of
           its
           cotemporaries
           ,
           for
           excellent
           and
           select
           Compositions
           .
           But
           the
           experience
           of
           our
           so
           wonderfully
           improved
           age
           declares
           ,
           most
           methods
           of
           Physick
           can
           more
           commodiously
           be
           performed
           with
           a
           less
           than
           one
           third
           of
           its
           Contents
           .
           To
           what
           purpose
           so
           many
           scores
           of
           Syrups
           ,
           which
           upon
           their
           unavoidable
           fermentation
           through
           the
           heat
           of
           the
           Summer
           ,
           undergo
           a
           dissipation
           of
           the
           imbibed
           or
           infused
           vertues
           of
           Simples
           ,
           differing
           afterwards
           in
           nothing
           from
           nauseous
           Molasses
           ?
           so
           great
           a
           number
           of
           distilled
           Waters
           seems
           rather
           intended
           for
           pomp
           ,
           than
           the
           absolute
           necessity
           of
           such
           Phlegmatick
           and
           insiped
           Liquors
           ,
           as
           most
           of
           'em
           are
           .
           
             Aqua
             Gilberti
          
           ,
           and
           
           
             Cordialis
             frigida
             Saxoniae
          
           ,
           are
           through
           the
           addition
           of
           
             Coral
             ,
             Pearl
             ,
             Bezoar
          
           ,
           and
           precious
           Stones
           ,
           considerably
           advanced
           in
           price
           ,
           but
           not
           the
           least
           particle
           in
           vertue
           ,
           accusing
           the
           Inventors
           of
           a
           defect
           in
           experimental
           knowledge
           ,
           which
           would
           have
           discovered
           to
           them
           ,
           there
           had
           been
           nothing
           so
           Volatil
           or
           Salin
           in
           those
           forementioned
           Stones
           and
           Pearl
           ,
           that
           such
           weak
           Menstruums
           were
           capable
           of
           extracting
           .
           And
           he
           that
           revises
           the
           Composition
           of
           
             Confectio
             Hamech
          
           ,
           will
           conclude
           it
           a
           very
           senseless
           one
           ,
           for
           being
           render'd
           so
           adstrictive
           ,
           by
           that
           great
           proportion
           of
           
             Myrobalaas
             .
             Mithridate
          
           and
           Threacle
           if
           ever
           they
           had
           been
           causes
           of
           those
           great
           effects
           former
           ages
           adscribed
           to
           them
           ,
           would
           certainly
           be
           promoted
           to
           higher
           vertues
           ,
           were
           they
           corrected
           by
           the
           substracting
           many
           of
           their
           poysonous
           and
           hurtful
           ingredients
           .
           Neither
           could
           I
           ever
           give
           my self
           a
           satisfactory
           reason
           ,
           why
           those
           ancient
           and
           pure
           Empirical
           Compositions
           ,
           whereof
           Mesues
           was
           so
           diligent
           a
           Collector
           ,
           were
           recommended
           by
           those
           learned
           Physicians
           to
           their
           Apothecaries
           ,
           without
           reducing
           their
           Empirical
           and
           senseless
           multitude
           of
           ingredients
           to
           a
           less
           and
           more
           rational
           number
           ,
           in
           the
           Compositions
           of
           
             Species
             Confect
             .
             Liber
             Pulvis
             Bezoard
             .
             Magistr
             .
             Diarrhod
             .
             Abbat
             .
          
           and
           of
           many
           others
           ;
           Likewise
           the
           Chymical
           praeparations
           described
           
           in
           the
           latter
           end
           of
           the
           said
           Pharmapoea
           ,
           are
           as
           mean
           ,
           as
           they
           are
           defective
           ;
           
             Antimonium
             Diaphoreticum
          
           is
           not
           so
           much
           fixt
           ,
           but
           oft
           moves
           Vomits
           ;
           the
           like
           effect
           may
           be
           imputed
           to
           their
           
             Bezoardicum
             Minerale
          
           .
           Their
           
             Mercurius
             vitae
          
           proves
           for
           the
           most
           part
           Convulsive
           towards
           the
           latter
           part
           of
           the
           operation
           ;
           their
           
             Oleum
             Vitrioli
          
           too
           corrosive
           ,
           and
           not
           at
           all
           volatil
           ;
           their
           
             Turbith
             Mineral
          
           is
           as
           churlish
           ,
           as
           it
           is
           a
           crude
           and
           barren
           praeparation
           .
           The
           body
           of
           the
           
             Chalybs
             praep
          
           .
           not
           being
           sufficiently
           opened
           by
           distill'd
           Vinegar
           ,
           doth
           not
           answer
           the
           Physicians
           expectation
           in
           obstinate
           obstructions
           .
           Their
           
             Magisterium
             Coral
          
           .
           and
           Perlar.
           differ
           little
           from
           chalk
           in
           powder
           ,
           or
           lime
           well
           washt
           .
           In
           fine
           ,
           nothing
           is
           more
           worthy
           of
           the
           consideration
           of
           those
           so
           eminently
           Accomplisht
           Physicians
           of
           the
           College
           ,
           than
           the
           reformation
           of
           their
           Pharmacopoea
           ,
           the
           correcting
           of
           its
           Compositions
           ,
           in
           retrenching
           the
           number
           of
           the
           ingredients
           ,
           and
           reducing
           the
           body
           of
           the
           whole
           into
           a
           far
           less
           number
           of
           Simple
           Waters
           ,
           Syrups
           ,
           Electuaries
           ,
           Powders
           ,
           Compound
           Purgatives
           ,
           Oyntments
           and
           Plaisters
           ,
           whereby
           they
           will
           singularly
           pleasure
           Honest
           Apothecaries
           ,
           in
           detracting
           so
           considerably
           from
           that
           needless
           and
           almost
           endless
           pains
           and
           trouble
           ,
           the
           praesent
           Dispensatory
           injoyns
           ,
           and
           save
           them
           the
           labour
           of
           running
           to
           one
           another
           
           to
           borrow
           Medicines
           ;
           and
           lastly
           ,
           since
           by
           this
           small
           determinate
           number
           of
           Simples
           and
           Compounds
           little
           or
           nothing
           will
           remain
           to
           be
           flung
           away
           at
           the
           years
           end
           ,
           they
           may
           afford
           their
           Medicines
           two
           thirds
           cheaper
           ,
           and
           yet
           be
           no
           less
           Gainers
           ,
           and
           for
           this
           the
           publick
           will
           in
           gratitude
           become
           their
           aequal
           Debtors
           with
           Apothecaries
           .
        
         
           §
           To
           this
           praeceding
           Catalogue
           of
           clamourous
           abuses
           of
           Practising
           Apothecaries
           ,
           I
           will
           annex
           such
           others
           ,
           as
           the
           immoderate
           thirst
           of
           lucre
           ,
           and
           the
           sweet
           ease
           of
           laziness
           ,
           do
           tempt
           them
           to
           ;
           and
           therefore
           if
           in
           the
           praeparation
           of
           prolix
           compositions
           ,
           as
           of
           
             Syr.
             Arthem
             .
             Syr.
             Chamaepit
             .
             Mithridate
          
           and
           others
           ,
           they
           omit
           half
           a
           score
           Simples
           or
           more
           ,
           and
           supply
           the
           defect
           of
           'em
           by
           a
           double
           proportion
           of
           others
           ,
           you
           may
           judg
           ,
           they
           intend
           nothing
           but
           the
           contracting
           their
           business
           ,
           and
           the
           humouring
           their
           inclination
           to
           idleness
           .
           And
           if
           in
           the
           
             Species
             of
             Diamoschu
          
           they
           omit
           the
           Mosck
           ,
           in
           
             Pulv.
             e
             Chel
             .
             Cancror
          
           .
           the
           Bezoar
           ,
           in
           
             Pulv.
             Cardiac
             .
             Magistr
          
           .
           the
           Ambergrise
           and
           Leaf
           Gold
           ,
           in
           
             Pulv.
             Bez.
             Mag.
          
           the
           Unicorns
           horn
           ,
           and
           the
           Pearl
           ,
           you
           may
           imagine
           they
           design
           a
           double
           profit
           ;
           the
           one
           by
           saving
           those
           dear
           Ingredients
           ,
           and
           the
           other
           ,
           by
           charging
           the
           said
           Medicines
           at
           as
           high
           a
           rate
           to
           the
           Patients
           Bill
           ,
           as
           if
           they
           had
           been
           added
           in
           
           their
           full
           proportion
           .
           Secondly
           ,
           At
           the
           Druggists
           there
           being
           two
           sorts
           of
           all
           Drugs
           ,
           the
           one
           good
           ,
           sound
           and
           dear
           ,
           the
           other
           though
           of
           the
           same
           kind
           ,
           course
           ,
           almost
           rotten
           and
           very
           cheap
           ;
           we
           may
           be
           jealous
           ,
           that
           those
           who
           aim
           at
           an
           Aldermanship
           by
           a
           quick
           step
           ,
           do
           for
           the
           most
           part
           make
           use
           of
           the
           latter
           sort
           of
           Drugs
           in
           all
           their
           Compositions
           ,
           and
           in
           the
           praeparations
           of
           the
           praescripts
           of
           Physicians
           ;
           whose
           Bills
           its
           most
           certain
           are
           by
           some
           Apothecaries
           unfaithfully
           dispensed
           ,
           by
           adding
           a
           less
           quantity
           of
           the
           Ingredients
           ,
           or
           such
           as
           will
           prove
           ineffectual
           ,
           on
           design
           either
           to
           protract
           the
           course
           of
           Physick
           ,
           or
           to
           defame
           the
           Physician
           .
           Thirdly
           ,
           the
           humour
           of
           a
           Tradesman
           to
           play
           the
           Gentleman
           is
           too
           visible
           in
           many
           Apothecaries
           ,
           who
           pass
           their
           time
           either
           Physician
           like
           in
           visiting
           Patients
           ,
           or
           rendring
           themselves
           to
           the
           recreations
           of
           the
           times
           ,
           wherein
           they
           are
           plentifully
           supported
           by
           the
           revenue
           of
           their
           Shop
           ,
           which
           their
           men
           manage
           according
           to
           the
           idleness
           and
           negligence
           Servants
           are
           all
           addicted
           to
           in
           the
           absence
           of
           their
           Masters
           ;
           whence
           supposing
           a
           praescription
           to
           be
           erroneously
           or
           dangerously
           praepared
           ,
           and
           the
           Patient
           upon
           the
           taking
           of
           it
           surprized
           with
           urgent
           symptoms
           ,
           or
           yeild
           to
           his
           last
           fate
           ,
           it
           shall
           not
           be
           divulged
           to
           you
           ,
           the
           man
           that
           made
           up
           the
           Medicine
           was
           a
           raw
           Apprentice
           ,
           or
           had
           
           been
           drinking
           Drunk
           ,
           whil'st
           the
           Master
           was
           breathing
           his
           Nag
           in
           Hide-Park
           ,
           in
           all
           which
           transaction
           ,
           it
           's
           the
           Physician
           that
           must
           father
           the
           ill
           success
           .
        
         
           §
           Were
           you
           here
           to
           pass
           your
           sentiment
           on
           the
           praemisses
           ,
           you
           would
           conclude
           I
           had
           spoken
           for
           and
           against
           the
           Apothecaries
           ,
           which
           how
           far
           I
           seem
           to
           have
           written
           for
           them
           ,
           it
           's
           time
           I
           should
           resolve
           you
           .
           First
           ,
           in
           answer
           to
           what
           I
           objected
           seemingly
           on
           the
           behalf
           of
           the
           reasonableness
           of
           their
           Practice
           .
           Our
           most
           perfect
           English
           Law
           imposes
           death
           upon
           those
           who
           exact
           money
           (
           though
           out
           of
           a
           necessity
           for
           a
           Livelyhood
           )
           from
           any
           ,
           by
           threatning
           their
           lives
           ,
           if
           so
           ,
           what
           can
           we
           suppose
           a
           greater
           argument
           against
           Apothecaries
           ,
           that
           exact
           great
           Sums
           in
           their
           long
           Bills
           for
           Medicines
           ,
           which
           beyond
           threatning
           ,
           have
           artificially
           taken
           away
           their
           lives
           ?
           for
           it
           's
           observable
           our
           Law
           is
           so
           intent
           in
           the
           praeserving
           of
           the
           life
           of
           every
           (
           though
           the
           meanest
           )
           of
           the
           Kings
           Subjects
           ,
           that
           if
           a
           proof
           be
           pursued
           ,
           that
           the
           untimely
           death
           of
           any
           person
           was
           caused
           by
           an
           error
           in
           Physick
           ,
           administred
           by
           one
           that
           had
           no
           legal
           warrant
           for
           it
           ,
           the
           crime
           is
           severely
           punish'd
           with
           a
           Rope
           .
        
         
           §
           But
           since
           the
           condition
           of
           inferiour
           Tradesmen
           and
           Servants
           will
           not
           admit
           of
           great
           expences
           in
           Physicians
           fees
           ,
           besides
           large
           prices
           for
           
           Medicines
           ,
           the
           Honourable
           College
           of
           Physicians
           would
           singularly
           acquit
           their
           duty
           to
           the
           publick
           ,
           in
           praeventing
           their
           rash
           inconsiderate
           humour
           of
           running
           to
           Mountebanks
           ,
           Empiricks
           ,
           or
           practising
           Apothecaries
           for
           cheapness
           (
           so
           seeming
           ,
           )
           by
           appointing
           every
           three
           or
           four
           years
           one
           or
           two
           Junior
           Physicians
           in
           every
           Ward
           ,
           whose
           visiting
           Fee
           they
           should
           be
           obliged
           by
           Oath
           ,
           shall
           not
           exceed
           a
           shilling
           ,
           and
           their
           Chamber
           Fee
           six
           pence
           ,
           by
           which
           means
           many
           lives
           might
           be
           praeserved
           ,
           the
           young
           Physician
           gain
           considerably
           enough
           by
           the
           frequency
           of
           Patients
           and
           the
           multitude
           of
           Visits
           ,
           and
           very
           much
           improve
           his
           experience
           .
           Likewise
           there
           ought
           a
           
             Pharmacopoea
             Pauperum
          
           to
           be
           annex'd
           to
           the
           other
           ,
           which
           consisting
           in
           cheap
           ,
           few
           ,
           and
           effectual
           Medicines
           ,
           and
           praepared
           by
           two
           or
           three
           Apothecaries
           ,
           authorized
           for
           that
           purpose
           in
           every
           respective
           Ward
           ,
           and
           every
           Medicine
           reasonably
           rated
           by
           the
           Physician
           at
           the
           end
           of
           his
           praescription
           ,
           it
           would
           certainly
           praevent
           the
           ruine
           of
           many
           mean
           Families
           in
           case
           of
           a
           great
           Sickness
           ,
           which
           oft
           cannot
           stand
           them
           in
           less
           than
           twenty
           or
           thirty
           pounds
           ,
           at
           the
           rate
           Physick
           is
           practised
           now
           .
        
         
           §
           Physicians
           of
           late
           have
           made
           some
           sputter
           about
           the
           dishonesty
           ,
           stubborness
           ,
           and
           incapacity
           of
           Apothecaries
           in
           their
           Trade
           ,
           but
           seeking
           
           redress
           among
           incompetent
           Judges
           ,
           the
           vulgar
           ,
           mistook
           their
           case
           ,
           and
           so
           must
           begin
           again
           .
           The
           Carrier
           in
           the
           Fable
           complaining
           to
           Iupiter
           ,
           his
           Ass
           was
           sullen
           and
           wo'd
           not
           go
           the
           way
           he
           wo'd
           have
           him
           ;
           Iupiter
           return'd
           no
           other
           answer
           ,
           than
           that
           he
           had
           given
           him
           hands
           ;
           implying
           he
           might
           make
           use
           of
           'em
           in
           taking
           the
           Ass
           by
           the
           Haltar
           ,
           and
           driving
           him
           on
           with
           a
           Battoon
           .
           The
           Moral
           applyed
           to
           this
           affair
           can
           give
           no
           offence
           ,
           since
           Fables
           never
           created
           exceptions
           .
           So
           then
           the
           College
           of
           Physicians
           having
           the
           means
           in
           their
           own
           hands
           ,
           which
           their
           Charter
           and
           several
           acts
           of
           Parliament
           had
           conferred
           on
           them
           ,
           may
           without
           much
           difficulty
           arrive
           to
           the
           end
           of
           their
           design
           ,
           by
           summoning
           the
           chief
           of
           their
           Corporation
           before
           them
           ,
           and
           offering
           whether
           they
           will
           accept
           of
           an
           Oath
           ,
           to
           be
           taken
           every
           seven
           years
           or
           oftner
           ,
           (
           to
           put
           them
           in
           mind
           of
           their
           duty
           ,
           )
           in
           this
           form
           ,
           or
           any
           other
           they
           shall
           think
           fit
           .
           
             They
             shall
             swear
             they
             will
             praepare
             the
             Medicines
             and
             Compositions
             of
             their
             Dispensatory
             faithfully
             without
             altering
             or
             substituting
          
           Quid
           pro
           Quo
           ,
           
             or
             omitting
             or
             adding
             any
             Simples
             ,
             which
             they
             engage
             shall
             be
             the
             sound
             and
             good
             ;
             and
             that
             they
             will
             praepare
             and
             dispense
             the
             praescriptions
             of
             Physicians
             exactly
             without
             the
             least
             alteration
             ,
             omission
             or
             addition
             ,
             without
             cavilling
             ,
             deriding
             ,
             or
             reviling
             any
             thing
             therein
          
           
           
             contain'd
             .
             That
             they
             shall
             not
             sell
             their
             Medicines
             at
             higher
             prices
             than
             the
             College
             shall
             think
             fit
             to
             tax
             or
             rate
             them
             .
             That
             they
             shall
             not
             praesume
             to
             give
             a
             Vomit
             or
             Purge
             ,
             without
             a
             Bill
             from
             a
             Legal
             Physician
             .
             That
             they
             shall
             not
             give
             a
             Patient
             more
             than
             one
             Cordial
             or
             Glyster
             on
             an
             urgent
             occasion
             ,
             which
             may
             satisfie
             the
             Patients
             impatiency
             ,
             until
             a
             Physician
             be
             sent
             for
             ,
             provided
             alwayes
             ,
             that
             this
             shall
             not
             extend
             to
             hinder
             them
             from
             selling
             Mithridate
             ,
             Threacle
             ,
             Simple
             Waters
             ,
             Syrups
             ,
             or
             any
             thing
             else
             a
             Customer
             will
             buy
             of
             '
             em
             .
             That
             they
             shall
             not
             feel
             Pulses
             ,
             examine
             Patients
             ,
             puzzle
             or
             fright
             them
             to
             cause
             them
             to
             send
             for
             another
             .
             That
             they
             shall
             dispense
          
           Laudanum
           ,
           Mercurius
           vitae
           ,
           
             and
             some
             other
             weighty
             Medicines
             with
             their
             own
             hands
             .
             That
             they
             shall
             give
             Physicians
             a
             due
             respect
             and
             honour
             ,
             oppose
             the
             frauds
             and
             insinuations
             of
             Empiricks
             and
             Practising
             Apothecaries
             .
             That
             they
             shall
             not
             keep
             any
             Medicine
             in
             their
             Shops
             longer
             ,
             than
             the
             College
             praescribes
             a
             time
             for
             their
             continuing
             good
             and
             sound
             .
             That
             they
             shall
             not
             sell
             Sublimate
             ,
             Praecipitate
             ,
             Arsenick
             or
             any
             other
             sort
             of
             quick
             poyson
             to
             any
             inferiour
             or
             unknown
             Customer
             .
             That
             they
             shall
             conceal
             the
             Diseases
             of
             Patients
             ,
             or
             whatever
             other
             secrets
             are
             committed
             to
             them
             in
             the
             Cure.
             That
             they
             shall
             likewise
             keep
             secret
             such
             praescripts
             of
             the
          
           
           
             Physicians
             as
             they
             shall
             enjoyn
             them
             to
             .
             That
             they
             shall
             not
             publickly
             or
             privately
             advise
             or
             sell
             any
             Medicine
             that
             may
             occasion
             Women
             to
             miscarriages
             ,
             or
             kill
             their
             Conception
             .
             That
             they
             shall
             discover
             the
             frauds
             and
             errors
             committed
             by
             Practising
             Apothecaries
             ,
             if
             suspected
             to
             have
             caused
             the
             untimely
             death
             of
             any
             .
             That
             they
             shall
             not
             let
             Blood
             ,
             dress
             Ulcers
             ,
             or
             invade
             any
             part
             of
             the
             Skilful
             Chyrurgeons
             employ
             .
          
           Besides
           what
           else
           is
           convenient
           to
           be
           added
           .
           An
           Oath
           being
           no
           more
           than
           necessary
           in
           a
           Trade
           ,
           where
           frauds
           and
           abuses
           are
           so
           practicable
           ,
           I
           am
           confident
           no
           Honest
           Apothecary
           can
           or
           will
           refuse
           it
           ,
           since
           containing
           no
           particular
           ,
           that
           cuts
           off
           from
           the
           priviledge
           or
           full
           extent
           of
           his
           Trade
           .
           Those
           whom
           the
           honesty
           of
           their
           intentions
           shall
           perswade
           their
           submission
           to
           these
           rules
           ,
           may
           be
           distinguish'd
           from
           others
           ,
           by
           being
           called
           
             College
             Apothecaries
          
           ,
           to
           whom
           it
           's
           likewise
           most
           just
           ,
           the
           Physicians
           
             shall
             ingage
             upon
             the
             reputation
             of
             their
             Profession
             ,
             not
             to
             praepare
             any
             Medicines
             ,
             but
             such
             as
             are
             very
             difficult
             ,
             requiring
             art
             and
             care
             ,
             and
             whereon
             the
             weight
             and
             principal
             efficacy
             of
             Curing
             great
             Diseases
             doth
             depend
             ,
             but
             that
             they
             shall
             send
             these
             also
             to
             be
             dispensed
             by
             them
             ,
             and
             consequently
             shall
             leave
             off
             praescribing
             of
             Nostrums
          
           
           
             that
             were
             used
             to
             be
             praepared
             by
             their
             Covenant
             Apothecaries
             .
             Moreover
             that
             they
             shall
             not
             divert
             any
             Patient
             from
             his
             Apothecary
             ,
             or
             in
             the
             least
             hint
             at
             his
             incapacity
             ,
             to
             cause
             any
             suspicion
             or
             praejudice
             in
             the
             Patient
             ;
             that
             they
             shall
             ever
             refuse
             to
             make
             use
             of
             a
             Practising
             or
             any
             other
             than
             a
             College
             Apothecary
             ,
             but
             indeavour
             the
             suppression
             of
             all
             such
             and
             Empiricks
             ,
             for
             their
             mutual
             interest
             and
             advantage
             ,
             and
             ever
             be
             obliged
             to
             give
             a
             good
             Character
             of
             them
             in
             particular
             .
             That
             they
             will
             tax
             and
             rate
             their
             compositions
             and
             praescriptions
             conscienciously
             ,
             and
             with
             a
             particular
             regard
             had
             to
             their
             Rents
             ,
             charge
             of
             Servants
             ,
             loss
             of
             time
             ,
             and
             all
             other
             necessary
             circumstances
             .
             That
             they
             shall
             not
             Usurp
             any
             Authority
             or
             Majestical
             command
             over
             them
             ,
             other
             than
             of
             praescribing
             ,
             directing
             ,
             and
             informing
             what
             's
             necessary
             for
             the
             good
             of
             the
             Patient
             and
             their
             Customer
             ,
             and
             consequently
             esteem
             'em
             as
             free
             Tradesmen
             .
          
        
         
           §
           But
           if
           it
           shall
           be
           made
           to
           appear
           ,
           a
           
             College
             Apothecary
          
           hath
           in
           any
           particular
           ,
           broken
           his
           Oath
           ,
           he
           shall
           be
           expelled
           and
           extermined
           as
           a
           perjured
           person
           ,
           out
           of
           the
           College
           Practice
           ,
           without
           the
           least
           hope
           of
           ever
           being
           received
           in
           again
           .
           Likewise
           a
           
             Collegiate
             Physician
          
           being
           found
           peccant
           ,
           ought
           
           to
           be
           degraded
           of
           the
           honour
           ,
           of
           being
           a
           member
           of
           so
           honourable
           a
           Society
           .
        
         
           §
           The
           irregularity
           of
           the
           Practice
           of
           Physick
           being
           in
           a
           great
           measure
           to
           be
           imputed
           to
           the
           perverse
           qualities
           of
           some
           of
           themselves
           ,
           the
           Collegiate
           Physicians
           ought
           to
           pass
           an
           ingagement
           ,
           
             They
             shall
             depose
             all
             envy
             and
             malice
             ,
             by
             desisting
             to
             decry
             or
             depress
             one
             another
             by
             clandestin
             sinister
             reflexions
             ,
             but
             on
             the
             contrary
             ,
             rather
             aiming
             at
             that
             part
             of
             a
             Gentleman
             ,
             to
             give
             a
             generous
             Character
             of
             one
             another
             .
             That
             they
             shall
             not
             undertake
             the
             Cure
             of
             any
             Patient
             ,
             who
             hath
             made
             use
             of
             another
             ,
             before
             the
             former
             Physician
             is
             dismissed
             with
             his
             due
             satisfaction
             .
             That
             if
             two
             or
             more
             are
             called
             to
             a
             consultation
             ,
             they
             shall
             go
             out
             together
             ,
             and
             no
             single
             one
             tarry
             behind
             ,
             to
             insinuate
             into
             the
             opinion
             of
             the
             Patient
             or
             his
             Friends
             .
             That
             all
             consultations
             shall
             be
             made
             in
             a
             room
             private
             to
             themselves
             ,
             and
             all
             their
             particular
             judgments
             shall
             be
             left
             wholly
             to
             be
             approved
             and
             decided
             by
             the
             Physician
             that
             was
             first
             called
             ,
             who
             ought
             likewise
             to
             praescribe
             only
             .
             That
             being
             called
             ,
             where
             an
             Empirick
             or
             Practising
             Apothecary
             hath
             by
             an
             irregular
             method
             brought
             the
             Patient
             into
             a
             manifest
             danger
             ,
             and
             an
             irrecoverable
             condition
             ,
             he
             shall
             be
             obliged
             to
             acquaint
             the
             College
             with
             it
             .
          
        
         
         
         
         
         
         
           By
           a
           line
           of
           impartiality
           I
           have
           drawn
           this
           tract
           ,
           not
           being
           conscious
           of
           any
           pique
           I
           have
           to
           any
           party
           therein
           mentioned
           ,
           and
           for
           that
           reason
           can
           assert
           ,
           I
           have
           produced
           what
           may
           be
           urged
           for
           Physician
           and
           Apothecary
           ,
           to
           the
           least
           circumstance
           ,
           and
           have
           likewise
           annex'd
           a
           way
           for
           accommodation
           between
           'em
           ,
           but
           how
           well
           or
           how
           ill
           I
           leave
           to
           the
           Reader
           ;
           and
           so
           farewell
           .
        
         
           Sunt
           bona
           mixta
           malis
           ,
           sunt
           mala
           mixta
           bonis
           .
        
         
           FINIS
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           A
           
             LASH
             for
          
           LEX
           TALIONIS
           ;
           OR
           ,
           A
           just
           Repraehension
           of
           the
           Practising
           Apothecary
           .
        
         
           THis
           preceding
           discourse
           was
           almost
           finish'd
           in
           the
           Impression
           ,
           when
           I
           chanced
           to
           spy
           somewhat
           new
           ,
           prickt
           up
           against
           a
           post
           in
           a
           Ballad-sellers
           Stall
           ,
           at
           first
           appearing
           like
           some
           strange
           News
           from
           Tripoly
           ,
           but
           upon
           a
           nearer
           approach
           ,
           observed
           a
           very
           worthy
           person
           Dr.
           Merret
           named
           i'
           th'
           Title
           of
           
             Lex
             Talionis
          
           ,
           and
           in
           the
           ensuing
           page
           ▪
           Dr.
           Goddart
           ,
           both
           very
           Accomplisht
           and
           Eminently
           Learned
           in
           their
           Profession
           ;
           also
           a
           third
           ,
           Dr.
           
             Daniel
             Cox
          
           ,
           a
           person
           as
           ingenious
           as
           learned
           .
           These
           to
           whom
           the
           generality
           of
           judicious
           men
           dedicate
           a
           character
           more
           ample
           ,
           than
           my
           narrow
           bounds
           will
           permit
           to
           express
           ,
           were
           assaulted
           in
           their
           honour
           and
           reputation
           by
           a
           clandestin
           scurrilous
           Cabal
           of
           four
           or
           five
           Practising
           Apothecaries
           ,
           raking
           up
           in
           the
           Libel
           forementioned
           all
           the
           filth
           and
           dirt
           the
           Sinck
           of
           their
           imagination
           stunk
           of
           ,
           but
           with
           no
           other
           success
           than
           the
           bespattering
           of
           themselves
           ,
           and
           defiling
           their
           own
           Nest.
           The
           provocation
           for
           this
           was
           no
           more
           than
           what
           passers
           by
           give
           to
           those
           snarling
           Animals
           ,
           that
           bark
           at
           'em
           ,
           because
           they
           are
           none
           of
           the
           house
           ;
           it
           being
           the
           sentiment
           of
           those
           Learned
           men
           in
           their
           Treatises
           ,
           that
           the
           people
           were
           extreamly
           imposed
           upon
           by
           some
           fraudulent
           Apothecaries
           ,
           whom
           they
           endeavoured
           to
           divert
           from
           their
           impious
           practice
           by
           a
           
           threat
           ,
           they
           would
           attempt
           the
           praeparation
           of
           their
           own
           Medicines
           ,
           which
           the
           urgent
           occasion
           of
           a
           sickly
           season
           ,
           and
           many
           inconveniences
           attending
           a
           private
           Pharmacy
           might
           easily
           praevail
           with
           them
           ,
           to
           render
           back
           to
           those
           ,
           whose
           establish'd
           employment
           it
           had
           been
           for
           some
           ages
           .
           This
           was
           the
           opinion
           of
           all
           sober
           and
           honest
           Apothecaries
           ,
           with
           a
           censure
           ,
           that
           the
           foresaid
           Pamphlet
           was
           Indited
           by
           some
           Hermaphrodite
           Apothecary-Doctor
           to
           deserve
           a
           small
           piece
           ,
           or
           to
           raise
           himself
           by
           causing
           a
           division
           between
           Physicians
           and
           Apothecaries
           ;
           these
           latter
           detesting
           those
           scandalous
           reflexions
           on
           the
           whole
           Corporation
           of
           Physicians
           ,
           and
           others
           in
           particular
           by
           inserting
           their
           names
           ,
           a
           sort
           of
           impudence
           not
           common
           in
           a
           civilized
           Government
           ,
           and
           what
           is
           more
           ,
           of
           givng
           the
           Lye
           to
           a
           Gentleman
           ,
           which
           the
           
             Lex
             Talionis
          
           of
           all
           Nations
           recompenses
           with
           a
           Bastonade
           .
           But
           give
           Diabolus
           his
           due
           ,
           the
           particular
           naming
           of
           persons
           being
           left
           out
           ,
           it
           might
           pass
           for
           a
           piece
           of
           Bouffonerie
           ,
           the
           chief
           Author
           being
           fitter
           sor
           a
           —
           —
           —
           on
           the
           little
           Theatre
           of
           a
           Bartholomew
           Booth
           ,
           than
           —
           sure
           he
           would
           have
           bursted
           had
           he
           not
           gi'n
           vent
           to
           his
           witty
           Hogshead
           ,
           that
           was
           thus
           upon
           the
           fret
           ;
           and
           when
           he
           has
           been
           well
           rackt
           till
           the
           Lees
           drop
           into
           his
           Breeches
           ,
           his
           manners
           will
           shew
           more
           fine
           .
           However
           I
           'le
           pass
           one
           hours
           time
           to
           give
           an
           essay
           ,
           how
           facil
           it
           is
           to
           retort
           ,
           but
           without
           reverberating
           heat
           :
           (
           fol.
           7.
           
           
             Lex
             Talionis
          
           )
           
             That
             the
             young
             Physician
             must
             be
             lodged
          
           gratis
           
             in
             the
             Apothecaries
             house
             ,
             and
             attended
             on
             by
             the
             Servants
             ,
             and
             by
             the
             Mistriss
             into
             the
             bargain
          
           ;
           a
           filthy
           Bird
           that
           befowls
           his
           own
           nest
           .
           Cancaro
           !
           What
           's
           his
           meaning
           ?
           confesses
           ,
           he
           holds
           his
           Trade
           by
           a
           contented
           tenure
           
             in
             Capite
          
           ;
           or
           by
           giving
           Purges
           at
           's
           house
           ,
           when
           the
           sign
           is
           in
           Capricorn
           ,
           and
           for
           that
           reason
           the
           
             English
             Mounsieur
          
           comes
           not
           thither
           ,
           without
           muzling
           his
           Nose
           under
           his
           Cloak
           .
           But
           the
           Gentleman
           has
           forgot
           to
           tell
           you
           ,
           his
           Trade
           is
           the
           onely
           means
           the
           Physician
           has
           to
           shab
           off
           his
           Tympany-Cousin
           to
           the
           young
           Apothecary
           ,
           in
           hopes
           of
           his
           Practice
           for
           her
           Portion
           ,
           
             urgente
             necessitate
             ,
             Po
          
           for
           that
           .
           sol
           .
           24.
           
           The
           Apothecaries
           
             having
             a
             laudable
             custom
             once
             a
             year
          
           (
           and
           oftner
           too
           )
           
             as
             many
             as
             please
             ,
             to
             go
             Herbarizing
          
           (
           don
           't
           say
           Simpling
           )
           in
           Guttur-lane
           ,
           
             where
             any
             not
             knowing
             may
             be
             instructed
             by
             those
             ,
             who
             well
             understand
             ,
             and
             are
             learned
          
           ;
           —
           O
           Learned
           Herbwomen
           !
           (
           fol.
           25.
           )
           he
           recites
           a
           fictitious
           story
           of
           a
           Carrot
           top
           ;
           A
           most
           praegnant
           invention
           of
           his
           Carrot-pa●e
           imagination
           .
           (
           fol.
           2.
           )
           for
           Certes
           
           sayes
           he
           ,
           an
           incomparable
           Gallus
           ,
           whither
           his
           Brother
           Apothecary
           was
           carried
           the
           last
           Sessions
           in
           the
           
             little
             Coach
          
           (
           fol.
           17.
           )
           with
           two
           Wheels
           ,
           up
           Holborn
           and
           —
           such
           another
           his
           Glyster-pipeship
           may
           keep
           in
           Time
           ,
           for
           it
           would
           be
           too
           pedantick
           for
           our
           age
           to
           say
           the
           Apothecary
           goeth
           to
           his
           Countrey
           house
           .
           fol.
           17.
           
           
             Of
             late
             times
             there
             being
             more
          
           (
           Doctors
           )
           
             Knighted
             ,
             than
             known
             in
             so
             short
             a
             time
             .
          
           If
           this
           be
           the
           contest
           ,
           as
           many
           of
           you
           shall
           be
           exalted
           to
           a
           Knighthood
           o'
           th'
           burning
           Pestil
           ,
           with
           the
           figure
           Ch.
           in
           the
           record
           of
           your
           Manual
           ;
           but
           that
           wil
           spoil
           your
           Palmestry
           I
           doubt
           .
           (
           fol.
           2.
           )
           But
           Domine
           ,
           was
           it
           
             salva
             conscientia
          
           ,
           (
           fol.
           25.
           )
           when
           for
           a
           truth
           one
           of
           your
           small
           Brethren
           in
           the
           Margin
           of
           's
           Bill
           ,
           put
           down
           Item
           for
           Item
           and
           Item
           of
           
             Pulvis
             ad
             Anginam
          
           ,
           being
           nothing
           but
           
             Album
             Graecum
          
           ,
           each
           paper
           at
           half
           a
           Crown
           ;
           for
           forty
           papers
           justo
           five
           pounds
           for
           White
           Dogs
           —
           and
           what
           you
           please
           besides
           for
           Tobith
           and
           's
           little
           Cur
           ?
           Hush
           hush
           ,
           all
           comes
           out
           ;
           't
           is
           not
           forgotten
           the
           poor
           Lady
           in
           —
           march'd
           off
           of
           an
           
             Ala
             mode
          
           ,
           she
           had
           got
           by
           taking
           some
           Pills
           Mr.
           Nameless
           had
           roul'd
           between
           's
           Teeth
           ,
           to
           make
           'em
           take
           gilt
           the
           better
           .
           Hereafter
           pray
           leave
           off
           that
           trick
           .
           '
           Tseems
           Mr.
           Nameless
           had
           been
           basely
           paid
           for
           's
           Glyster
           ;
           And
           how
           deservedly
           then
           the
           
             Bon
             Droll
          
           stiles
           'em
           (
           fol.
           19.
           )
           a
           Society
           ,
           generally
           (
           none
           excepted
           ?
           )
           very
           honest
           and
           sober
           men
           ,
           Oiboh
           !
           Pray
           do
           n't
           go
           by
           t'
           Artichoak
           Leaden
           —
           str
           .
           Pils
           ,
           Potions
           ,
           and
           Quack-advice
           you
           may
           have
           ,
           and
           after
           that
           a
           long
           Arithmetical
           Scrowl
           ,
           little
           shorter
           than
           a
           
             Shentlemans
             Genealogy
          
           :
           This
           his
           Jong
           Picaro
           shall
           humbly
           present
           to
           you
           ,
           and
           if
           you
           bid
           'um
           send
           
             Ursus
             major
          
           ,
           and
           you
           will
           pay
           his
           B●ll
           ;
           expect
           not
           a
           Farthing
           abatement
           from
           the
           favour
           of
           a
           
             Quantum
             meruit
          
           ;
           for
           here
           's
           a
           plain
           Assumpsit
           ;
           if
           you
           understand
           not
           this
           Knack
           ,
           the
           Iereboams
           shall
           make
           you
           —
           
             Probatum
             est
          
           ;
           for
           it
           's
           on
           Record
           more
           then
           once
           in
           several
           of
           the
           Courts
           .
           (
           fol.
           17.
           )
           
             The
             Battle
             is
             to
             the
             strong
          
           ;
           but
           they
           are
           strong
           ,
           so●
           they
           ne'r
           break
           ;
           and
           how
           can
           they
           ?
           three
           Patients
           i'
           th'
           Spring
           makes
           their
           Pot
           boil
           all
           the
           year
           .
           It
           's
           well
           put
           in
           ,
           a
           word
           of
           the
           battle
           ;
           for
           generally
           they
           go
           armed
           with
           the
           Ivory
           pocket
           Pistol
           ,
           &
           the
           Box
           of
           gilt
           Bullets
           ;
           and
           
             Auri
             sacra
             fames
          
           ,
           the
           good
           Old
           Cause
           ,
           even
           it
           's
           that
           they
           fight
           for
           .
           (
           Fol.
           18.
           )
           
             Their
             canting
             and
             formally
             praying
             over
             their
             Patients
             ,
          
           &c.
           this
           is
           granted
           was
           the
           practice
           of
           three
           noted
           Physicians
           ,
           and
           they
           got
           well
           by
           it
           ,
           What
           then
           ?
           Hast
           thou
           not
           heard
           of
           a
           Precious
           Brother
           of
           thine
           ,
           who
           like
           a
           little
           Stone-horse
           
           mounted
           the
           great
           Tub
           ,
           and
           with
           a
           sence
           of
           feeling
           ,
           how
           heartily
           did
           he
           recommend
           his
           precious
           
             Elizir
             vitae
          
           to
           dis
           dear
           Sisters
           ,
           and
           so
           powerfully
           did
           press
           it
           home
           to
           'em
           ;
           and
           at
           length
           O
           how
           fervently
           did
           they
           embrace
           it
           !
           All
           had
           been
           well
           ,
           and
           they
           had
           still
           continued
           in
           the
           same
           perswasion
           ,
           had
           not
           that
           wretch
           Brother
           Nameless
           held
           forth
           his
           poysonous
           Box
           of
           Ointment
           ,
           almost
           to
           the
           utter
           destruction
           of
           their
           sweet
           enjoyment
           ,
           and
           their
           comfortable
           fellowship
           ;
           But
           how
           precious
           an
           Antidote
           was
           
             Mercurius
             Dulcis
          
           then
           ,
           to
           rebuke
           that
           evil
           spirit
           Lust
           and
           Conven
           tickling
           had
           let
           in
           among
           '
           em
           ?
           
             Nemo
             omnibus
             horis
             sapit
             ,
             may
             as
             well
             be
             verified
             of
             this
             Apothecary
             as
             any
             other
             ,
          
           when
           he
           bought
           dryed
           Eels
           for
           Vipers
           ,
           to
           make
           Trochisci
           ,
           for
           his
           Venice
           Threacle
           ,
           an
           Admirable
           Antidote
           !
           (
           fol.
           9.
           )
           
             for
             doubtless
          
           (
           says
           he
           )
           
             the
             discreet
             Apothecary
             being
             learned
             ,
             may
             make
             a
             far
             abler
             Physician
             than
             he
             an
             Ahothecary
             ;
             for
             it
             's
             but
             joyning
             the
             Theory
             of
             Physick
             with
             his
             Practick
             ,
             and
             he
             may
             be
             compleat
          
           ;
           what
           ?
           a
           compleat
           Mountebank
           !
           conceditur
           ;
           but
           
             quomodo
             pulvis
             signior
          
           Apothecary
           ,
           the
           joyning
           of
           the
           Theory
           with
           the
           Practick
           ?
           possibly
           the
           joyning
           of
           Culpepper
           with
           the
           Glysterpipe
           ;
           or
           Poor
           Robin's
           Almanack
           with
           the
           Pestil
           and
           Mortar
           ;
           seriouslr
           a
           very
           compleat
           Physician
           .
           
             Complamatum
             est
          
           ;
           and
           from
           that
           rule
           (
           fol.
           12
           )
           
             all
             Fools
             or
             Physiciaus
          
           indeed
           ,
           or
           both
           ,
           if
           he
           'll
           accept
           on
           't
           :
           (
           fol.
           25.
           )
           for
           
             ex
             quovis
             ligno
             non
             fit
             Mercurius
             ,
          
           i.
           e.
           
             ex
             quovis
          
           wooden
           Apothecary
           
             non
             fit
             Medicus
          
           .
           But
           whence
           had
           your
           Worship
           all
           those
           ends
           of
           Latin
           ?
           sure
           th'
           are
           the
           parings
           of
           some
           University
           Cobler
           ;
           for
           confident
           I
           am
           the
           learn'd
           Author's
           Gotham
           assistants
           are
           scarce
           guilty
           of
           knowing
           the
           first
           letter
           of
           the
           Greek
           I'
           th'
           title
           ,
           though
           it
           proved
           their
           neck
           Verse
           (
           fol
           25.
           )
           
             the
             Apothecary
             if
             he
             would
             understand
             the
             practice
          
           (
           a
           contradiction
           now
           confessing
           their
           ignorance
           i'
           th'
           Practick
           )
           
             and
             Theory
             of
             Physick
             ,
             or
             any
             question
             that
             can
             be
             asked
             ,
          
           (
           what
           turn
           Astrologer
           too
           !
           )
           
             let
             him
             buy
             Frambesarius
             ,
             the
             best
             piece
          
           ever
           Duns
           studied
           to
           answer's
           Quodlibets
           ;
           that
           's
           th'
           use
           on
           't
           .
           Though
           when
           he
           trug'd
           to
           Cambridg
           for
           a
           degree
           of
           Blockhead
           in
           Physick
           ,
           
             Don
             Quixot
          
           falter'd
           most
           abominably
           ,
           being
           better
           vers'd
           in
           Priscian
           than
           
             Galen
             .
             Quot
             sunt
             partes
             Medicinae
             ?
          
           Answer'd
           
             quinque
             .
             Primo
          
           ,
           to
           perswade
           a
           Customer
           in
           health
           he
           's
           sick
           .
           Secundo
           ,
           to
           give
           him
           a
           Pill
           that
           shall
           make
           him
           sick
           .
           Tertio
           ,
           to
           ●amp
           him
           up
           with
           Cordials
           .
           Quarto
           ,
           to
           make
           im
           believe
           he
           's
           well
           ,
           though
           now
           sick
           indeed
           .
           Quinto
           ,
           
           to
           present
           '
           im
           with
           a
           long
           Bill
           ;
           if
           trap
           be
           the
           word
           go
           on
           and
           prosper
           .
           (
           fol.
           26.
           )
           he
           comments
           on
           an
           ingenious
           book
           
             de
             Fermentatione
          
           ,
           like
           an
           
             Asinus
             ad
             byram
          
           ;
           as
           if
           the
           learned
           Author
           had
           not
           been
           able
           to
           explain's
           own
           thoughts
           ,
           nevertheless
           runs
           on
           mistaking
           the
           thing
           all
           along
           .
           But
           my
           friend
           ,
           when
           you
           have
           thorowly
           perused
           the
           
             Praxis
             Riverli
          
           (
           fol.
           26.
           )
           and
           
             Primroses
             Enchridium
          
           ,
           still
           it
           will
           be
           but
           
             Simia
             est
             simia
             ,
             etiamsi
             aurea
             gestet
             insignia
             ,
          
           in
           English
           a
           debauch'd
           Apothecary
           .
           Neither
           will
           your
           Asinary
           canting
           on
           the
           fermentation
           (
           fol.
           27.
           )
           for
           a
           specimen
           of
           their
           wonderful
           pretended
           progress
           in
           Physick
           ,
           excuse
           'em
           from
           being
           —
           in
           print
           ;
           (
           fol.
           25.
           )
           
             Let
             but
             a
             rational
             learned
             Apothecary
             ,
          
           &c.
           
           Guarda
           la
           gamba
           !
           A
           rational
           learned
           swabber
           in
           Physick
           ,
           a
           Pot-carry
           !
           
             and
             why
             may
             not
             a
             Rational
             learned
          
           Chimney-sweeper
           
             add
             but
             somewhat
             of
             the
             Theory
          
           (
           verba
           codicis
           )
           
             to
             his
             former
             observations
             ,
             be
             better
             fitted
             for
             practice
             ,
             and
             I
             would
             sooner
             engage
             him
             than
             many
             a
             Pot-carry
             .
          
           I
           mar'l
           tro
           '
           your
           Worship
           forgets
           they
           have
           travelled
           too
           as
           well
           as
           Physicians
           ;
           't
           is
           confessed
           they
           have
           ;
           but
           't
           was
           on
           Balaam's
           Ass
           ,
           from
           the
           Village
           of
           Ignorance
           ,
           through
           the
           Town
           of
           Cheat'em
           in
           Long-bill-shire
           ,
           till
           they
           came
           to
           the
           strong
           Castle
           of
           
             Impudence
             .
             Passe
             par
             la
          
           stil
           ,
           but
           in
           your
           Travels
           ,
           have
           a
           care
           of
           the
           little
           Coach
           ,
           they
           make
           an
           ugly
           halt
           by
           the
           way
           ,
           unless
           the
           Coachman
           will
           ingage
           to
           bring
           you
           back
           ,
           and
           yet
           ▪
           t
           would
           be
           dangerous
           to
           take's
           word
           .
           Pray
           good
           folks
           ,
           a
           word
           of
           advice
           ;
           leave
           off
           this
           rambling
           ,
           off
           with
           your
           travelling
           garb
           ,
           the
           Plush
           Jacket
           ,
           and
           the
           broad
           brim'd
           Hat
           ,
           't
           is
           but
           
             Vulpes
             sub
             pelle
             Leonis
          
           ,
           and
           on
           with
           your
           blew
           Aprons
           again
           ,
           the
           Musick
           of
           the
           Pestil
           and
           Mortar
           will
           sound
           pleasanter
           than
           the
           Passing
           Bell
           ;
           for
           Pot-carry
           is
           but
           quasi
           to
           the
           Pit-carry
           ,
           and
           your
           Practicing
           quasi
           Prating
           .
           Now
           let
           's
           Blazon
           the
           Primitive
           of
           your
           derived
           so
           eminent
           Profession
           ,
           as
           he
           call's
           it
           .
           
             Apothecary
             Pot-carry
             ,
             Pot-carry
             Pit-carry
             ,
             Pit-carry
             Picaro
             .
          
           O
           Picaro
           ,
           art
           thou
           the
           Father
           of
           so
           eminent
           a
           Generation
           !
           then
           may
           I
           say
           with
           the
           Author
           in
           the
           farewell
           of
           his
           Prologue
           ;
           From
           a
           
             Picaro-Pit-carry-Apothecary
             Libera
             me
             Domine
          
           .
        
         
           FINIS
           .
        
      
    
     
       
         Notes, typically marginal, from the original text
         
           Notes for div A50694-e340
           
             a
             An
             Egyptian
             ,
             and
             the
             first
             Inventor
             of
             Physick
             .
          
           
             b
             The
             Son
             of
             Apollo
             begotten
             upon
             Coronis
             the
             daughter
             of
             Phlegia
             .
          
           
             c
             The
             two
             eldest
             daughters
             of
             Aesculapius
             .
          
           
             d
             The
             two
             eldest
             daughters
             of
             Aesculapius
             .