Distant Reader - subject-newYorkState-freebo

Introduction

This is a Distant Reader "study carrel", a set of structured data intended to help the student, researcher, or scholar use & understand a corpus.

This study carrel was created on 2021-05-24 by Eric Morgan <emorgan@nd.edu>. The carrel was created using the Distant Reader zip2carrel process, and the input was a Zip file locally cached with the name input-file.zip. Documents in the Zip file have been saved in a cache, and each of them have been transformed & saved as a set of plain text files. All of the analysis -- "reading" -- has been done against these plain text files. For example, a short narrative report has been created. This Web page is a more verbose version of that report.

All study carrels are self-contained -- no Internet connection is necessary to use them. Download this carrel for offline reading. The carrel is made up of many subdirectories and data files. The manifest describes each one in greater detail.

Size

There are 9 item(s) in this carrel, and this carrel is 103,806 words long. Each item in your study carrel is, on average, 11,534 words long. If you dig deeper, then you might want to save yourself some time by reading a shorter item. On the other hand, if your desire is for more detail, then you might consider reading a longer item. The following charts illustrate the overall size of the carrel.

Readability

On a scale from 0 to 100, where 0 is very difficult and 100 is very easy, the documents have an average readability score of 89. Consequently, if you want to read something more simplistic, then consider a document with a higher score. If you want something more specialized, then consider something with a lower score. The following charts illustrate the overall readability of the carrel.

Word Frequencies

By merely counting & tabulating the frequency of individual words or phrases, you can begin to get an understanding of the carrel's "aboutness". Excluding "stop words", some of the more frequent words include:

english, great, one, time, king, men, made, new, majesty, may, will, majesties, us, england, ships, done, sent, indians, state, subjects, yet, sea, taken, dutch, say, york, given, fort, company, shall, first, excellency, two, many, enemy, several, text, since, capt, make, th, place, tcp, thereof, within, without, province, now, french, also

Using the three most frequent words, the three files containing all of those words the most are A reply of Sir George Downing Knight and Baronet, envoy extraordinary from His Majesty of Great-Britain, &c. to the remarks of the deputies of the Estates-General upon his memorial of December 20, 1664, old stile, A discourse written by Sir George Downing, the King of Great Britain''s envoy extraordinary to the states of the United Provinces vindicating his royal master from the insolencies of a scandalous libel, printed under the title of (An extract out of the register of the States General of the United Provinces, upon the memorial of Sir George Downing, envoy, &c.), and delivered by the agent De Hyde for such to several publick ministers : whereas no such resolution was ever communicated to the said envoy, nor any answer returned at all by their lordships to the said memorial : whereunto is added a relation of some former and later proceedings of the Hollanders / by a meaner hand., and A journal of the late actions of the French at Canada with the manner of their being repuls''d by His Excellency, Benjamin Fletcher, Their Majesties governour of New-York / impartially related by Coll. Nicholas Reyard [sic], and Lieutenant Coll. Charles Lodowick, who attended His Excellency during the whole expedition ....

The most frequent two-word phrases (bigrams) include:

new york, english books, early english, major schuyler, india company, envoy extraordinary, books online, great swift, swift arrow, late treaty, majesties subjects, page images, text creation, creation partnership, king james, de ruyter, george downing, sir george, great britain, major ingoldsby, states general, brother great, estates general, king william, cabo corso, english merchants, mont royal, represented either, image sets, characters represented, every one, tcp schema, van campen, will never, happy revolution, english ship, lieutenant governour, united provinces, clock afternoon, major ingoldesby, five nations, excellency benjamin, deputies say, protestant religion, great king, next morning, merchants taken, schuyler sent, armed men, english east

And the three file that use all of the three most frequent phrases are An act for restraining and punishing privateers and pyrates Loyalty vindicated being an answer to a late false, seditious & scandalous pamphlet entituled A letter from a gentleman of the City of New York to another concerning the troubles which happen''d in that province in the time of the late happy revolution : published for the sake of truth & justice / by a hearty lover of King William and the Protestant religion., and A letter from a gentleman of the city of New-York, to another, concerning the troubles which happen''d in that province in the time of the late happy revolution.

While often deemed superficial or sophomoric, rudimentary frequencies and their associated "word clouds" can be quite insightful:

Keywords

Sets of keywords -- statistically significant words -- can be enumerated by comparing the relative frequency of words with the number of times the words appear in an entire corpus. Some of the most statistically significant keywords in the carrel include:

york, indians, english, treaty, tcp, province, new, majesty, majesties, king, french, excellency, enemy, dutch, council, world, state, ships, ship, seas, sea, schuyler, revolution, men, lordships, lord, island, india, hollanders, government, fort, england, dominion, deputies, country, company, coll, coasts, capt, burlington

And now word clouds really begin to shine:

Topic Modeling

Topic modeling is another popular approach to connoting the aboutness of a corpus. If the study carrel could be summed up in a single word, then that word might be said, and A letter from a gentleman of the city of New-York, to another, concerning the troubles which happen''d in that province in the time of the late happy revolution is most about that word.

If the study carrel could be summed up in three words ("topics") then those words and their significantly associated titles include:

If the study carrel could be summed up in five topics, and each topic were each denoted with three words, then those topics and their most significantly associated files would be:

Moreover, the totality of the study carrel's aboutness, can be visualized with the following pie chart:

Noun & Verbs

Through an analysis of your study carrel's parts-of-speech, you are able to answer question beyonds aboutness. For example, a list of the most frequent nouns helps you answer what questions; "What is discussed in this collection?":

time, men, subjects, place, ships, parts, day, year, people, text, order, manner, hath, orders, part, ship, deputies, country, way, nothing, satisfaction, others, years, thing, texts, page, places, money, account, matters, answer, state, reason, man, words, rest, side, enemies, arms, persons, characters, matter, ▪, person, lordships, hands, hand, work, title, number

An enumeration of the verbs helps you learn what actions take place in a text or what the things in the text do. Very frequently, the most common lemmatized verbs are "be", "have", and "do"; the more interesting verbs usually occur further down the list of frequencies:

was, be, is, had, have, were, said, been, are, being, did, made, do, done, sent, taken, say, given, having, make, concerning, come, came, called, give, take, put, according, brought, gave, found, arrived, go, belonging, set, encoded, see, kept, ordered, know, returned, let, known, hath, appear, published, marched, told, think, commanded

Proper Nouns

An extraction of proper nouns helps you determine the names of people and places in your study carrel.

english, king, majesty, new, england, excellency, majesties, indians, york, fort, sea, enemy, capt, company, dutch, tcp, province, state, governour, french, men, india, treaty, coll, west, council, mr., major, general, government, leisler, east, ●, fleet, land, canada, master, schuyler, ships, great, envoy, island, god, trade, hath, de, war, memorial, c., seas

An analysis of personal pronouns enables you to answer at least two questions: 1) "What, if any, is the overall gender of my study carrel?", and 2) "To what degree are the texts in my study carrel self-centered versus inclusive?"

his, their, they, it, them, he, we, our, him, you, i, us, your, themselves, himself, her, my, me, she, its, theirs, thy, ours, one, thee, mine, ay

Below are words cloud of your study carrel's proper & personal pronouns.

Adjectives & Verbs

Learning about a corpus's adjectives and adverbs helps you answer how questions: "How are things described and how are things done?" An analysis of adjectives and adverbs also points to a corpus's overall sentiment. "In general, is my study carrel positive or negative?"

other, great, such, same, many, several, own, good, first, late, more, english, true, most, last, early, ready, whole, pleased, much, small, few, least, considerable, certain, particular, little, further, general, very, present, open, like, large, new, dutch, available, next, second, false, better, fit, able, major, greater, third, possible, full, contrary, usual

not, so, then, there, as, out, only, now, up, thereof, also, very, here, about, never, yet, well, ever, most, more, much, therein, in, therefore, first, off, immediately, over, together, soon, far, all, again, even, long, before, thus, away, still, onely, thereupon, thereby, further, down, back, otherwise, at, accordingly, often, above

Next steps

There is much more to a study carrel than the things outlined above. Use this page's menubar to navigate and explore in more detail. There you will find additional features & functions including: ngrams, parts-of-speech, grammars, named entities, topic modeling, a simple search interface, etc.

Again, study carrels are self-contained. Download this carrel for offline viewing and use.

Thank you for using the Distant Reader.