A discourse written by Sir George Downing, the King of Great Britain's envoy extraordinary to the states of the United Provinces vindicating his royal master from the insolencies of a scandalous libel, printed under the title of (An extract out of the register of the States General of the United Provinces, upon the memorial of Sir George Downing, envoy, &c.), and delivered by the agent De Hyde for such to several publick ministers : whereas no such resolution was ever communicated to the said envoy, nor any answer returned at all by their lordships to the said memorial : whereunto is added a relation of some former and later proceedings of the Hollanders / by a meaner hand.
         Downing, George, Sir, 1623?-1684.
      
       
         
           1672
        
      
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         A36497
         Wing D2108
         ESTC R34994
         14919782
         ocm 14919782
         102935
         
           
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             A discourse written by Sir George Downing, the King of Great Britain's envoy extraordinary to the states of the United Provinces vindicating his royal master from the insolencies of a scandalous libel, printed under the title of (An extract out of the register of the States General of the United Provinces, upon the memorial of Sir George Downing, envoy, &c.), and delivered by the agent De Hyde for such to several publick ministers : whereas no such resolution was ever communicated to the said envoy, nor any answer returned at all by their lordships to the said memorial : whereunto is added a relation of some former and later proceedings of the Hollanders / by a meaner hand.
             Downing, George, Sir, 1623?-1684.
          
           [2], 31, [1], 139, [4] p.
           
             Printed by John Luttone ...,
             London :
             1672.
          
           
             Reproduction of original in the Huntington Library.
          
        
      
    
     
       
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         eng
      
       
         
           Great Britain -- Foreign relations -- Netherlands.
           Netherlands -- Foreign relations -- England.
           New York (State) -- History -- Colonial period, ca. 1600-1775.
        
      
    
     
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           A
           DISCOURSE
           Written
           by
           Sir
           
             George
             Downing
          
           ,
           The
           King
           of
           
             Great
             Britain's
             Envoy
             Extraordinary
          
           to
           the
           States
           of
           the
           
             Vnited
             Provinces
          
           .
        
         
           Vindicating
           his
           
             Royal
             Master
          
           from
           the
           Insolencies
           of
           a
           
             Scandalous
             Libel
          
           ,
           Printed
           under
           the
           Title
           of
           [
           
             An
             Extract
             out
             of
             the
             Regicter
             of
             the
             States
             General
             of
             the
             Vnited
             Provinces
             ,
             upon
             the
             Memorial
             of
             Sir
          
           George
           Downing
           ,
           
             Envoy
             ,
             &c.
          
           ]
           And
           delivered
           by
           the
           Agent
           
             De
             Heyde
          
           for
           such
           ,
           to
           several
           Publick
           Ministers
           .
        
         
           Whereas
           no
           such
           Resolution
           was
           ever
           Communicated
           to
           the
           said
           Envoy
           ,
           nor
           any
           Answer
           returned
           at
           all
           by
           
             Their
             Lordships
          
           to
           the
           said
           Memorial
           .
        
         
           Whereunto
           is
           added
           a
           Relation
           of
           some
           Former
           and
           later
           Proceedings
           of
           the
           HOLLANDERS
           :
           By
           a
           Meaner
           Hand
           .
        
         
           LONDON
           ,
           Printed
           for
           
             John
             Luttone
          
           ,
           and
           are
           to
           be
           sold
           at
           the
           Blew
           Anchor
           in
           the
           Poultrey
           ,
           1672.
           
        
      
    
     
       
         
         
         
           A
           Discourse
           written
           by
           Sir
           
             George
             Downing
          
           ,
           the
           King
           of
           Great
           Britain's
           Envoy
           Extraordinary
           to
           the
           
             States
             of
             the
             United
             Provinces
          
           ,
           &c
           ▪
        
         
           THE
           
             Envoy
             Extraordinary
          
           of
           His
           Most
           Sacred
           Majesty
           of
           
             Great
             Britain
          
           ,
           &c.
           having
           lately
           seen
           a
           certain
           Paper
           entituled
           ,
           [
           
             An
             Extract
             out
             of
             the
             Register
             of
             the
             Resolutions
             of
             the
             High
             and
             Mighty
             Lords
             Estates
             General
             of
             the
             Vnited
             Provinces
             ,
             upon
             the
             Memorial
             of
             Sir
          
           George
           Downing
           
             Envoy
             Extraordinary
             from
             the
             King
             of
          
           Great
           Britain
           ]
           did
           not
           at
           all
           think
           it
           fit
           for
           him
           to
           take
           any
           notice
           thereof
           ,
           but
           to
           pass
           it
           by
           as
           a
           Pamphlet
           (
           of
           which
           sort
           there
           come
           out
           too
           many
           here
           every
           day
           )
           ;
           in
           regard
           that
           no
           such
           Resolution
           
           had
           been
           communicated
           to
           Him
           by
           their
           Lordships
           ,
           not
           any
           one
           word
           given
           him
           in
           Answer
           to
           his
           said
           Memorial
           :
           And
           he
           had
           accordingly
           past
           it
           by
           ,
           without
           taking
           any
           notice
           thereof
           ,
           had
           he
           not
           since
           by
           accident
           been
           informed
           by
           several
           
             Publick
             Ministers
          
           residing
           here
           ,
           That
           the
           said
           pretended
           Resolution
           had
           been
           brought
           to
           them
           by
           the
           
             Agent
             de
             Heyde
          
           :
           Whereupon
           he
           now
           holds
           himself
           obliged
           to
           Complain
           in
           most
           serious
           terms
           to
           their
           Lordships
           the
           
             Estates
             General
          
           of
           the
           
             Vnited
             Provinces
          
           ,
           of
           this
           strange
           and
           irregular
           way
           of
           proceeding
           ;
           That
           while
           he
           is
           Residing
           here
           on
           the
           behalf
           of
           the
           King
           his
           Master
           ,
           Papers
           ,
           in
           form
           of
           Answers
           to
           his
           Memorials
           ,
           should
           be
           given
           to
           
             other
             Publick
             Ministers
             ,
             here
          
           and
           elsewhere
           ,
           and
           sent
           all
           over
           the
           world
           ,
           and
           yet
           concealed
           from
           Him
           ;
           and
           thereby
           neither
           opportunity
           of
           being
           convinced
           ,
           
           if
           any
           thing
           of
           reason
           should
           have
           been
           said
           therein
           ,
           nor
           on
           the
           contrary
           of
           vindicating
           the
           Honour
           and
           Justice
           of
           the
           King
           his
           Master
           in
           what
           he
           is
           therein
           unjustly
           charged
           and
           defamed
           withal
           .
        
         
           Suppose
           that
           he
           the
           said
           
             Envoy
             Extraordinary
          
           should
           have
           proceeded
           in
           that
           manner
           ,
           and
           have
           given
           the
           Memorial
           (
           to
           which
           the
           said
           Paper
           is
           a
           Reply
           )
           to
           all
           
             Pubblick
             Ministers
          
           residing
           here
           ;
           and
           sent
           it
           to
           all
           Courts
           abroad
           ,
           and
           should
           have
           Printed
           and
           exposed
           it
           to
           the
           view
           of
           the
           world
           ,
           without
           giving
           it
           to
           their
           Lordships
           ,
           what
           would
           they
           have
           thought
           thereof
           ?
           and
           what
           might
           have
           been
           expected
           that
           they
           would
           have
           said
           to
           it
           ?
           Can
           their
           Lordships
           imagine
           that
           this
           way
           of
           acting
           doth
           tend
           any
           way
           to
           the
           justifying
           of
           their
           Cause
           ,
           as
           to
           the
           working
           of
           better
           impressions
           concerning
           the
           same
           in
           the
           minds
           of
           those
           
             Publick
             Ministers
          
           ,
           or
           their
           
           Masters
           ?
           Or
           rather
           ,
           that
           they
           must
           be
           exeeedingly
           scandalized
           thereat
           ,
           as
           looking
           more
           like
           a
           Surprise
           of
           them
           and
           their
           Judgments
           ,
           than
           otherwise
           ;
           and
           considering
           that
           they
           may
           to
           morrow
           be
           dealt
           with
           in
           like
           manner
           ,
           in
           relation
           to
           any
           Paper
           they
           may
           give
           in
           ;
           and
           see
           the
           Affairs
           of
           their
           Masters
           traduced
           and
           defamed
           ,
           without
           any
           opportunity
           or
           possibility
           of
           clearing
           the
           same
           .
        
         
           And
           as
           to
           the
           Matter
           of
           the
           said
           Paper
           .
           Is
           it
           enough
           to
           say
           in
           general
           terms
           ,
           
             That
             the
             said
          
           Memorial
           
             was
             ill
             ,
             graunded
             ,
             or
             abusively
             informed
             ,
          
           without
           particularizing
           at
           all
           how
           ,
           or
           wherein
           ;
           or
           so
           much
           as
           excepting
           against
           any
           one
           word
           thereof
           ,
           much
           less
           disproving
           the
           same
           ?
        
         
           And
           again
           ;
           If
           the
           things
           wherewith
           they
           are
           charged
           therein
           ,
           be
           true
           (
           as
           they
           both
           are
           ,
           and
           must
           now
           be
           taken
           by
           all
           men
           to
           be
           ,
           since
           nothing
           is
           made
           out
           by
           their
           
           Lordships
           to
           the
           contrary
           )
           To
           what
           purpose
           is
           the
           whole
           sequel
           of
           the
           said
           Paper
           ?
           If
           it
           be
           true
           (
           as
           it
           is
           )
           That
           the
           
             Royal
             Master
          
           of
           the
           said
           Envoy
           was
           no
           sooner
           returned
           to
           His
           Kingdoms
           ,
           but
           that
           He
           was
           immediately
           ,
           and
           from
           day
           to
           day
           ,
           troubled
           and
           importuned
           with
           a
           Crowd
           of
           Complaints
           of
           His
           Subjects
           against
           those
           of
           this
           Countrey
           ;
           all
           which
           notwithstanding
           ,
           His
           Majesty
           did
           not
           grant
           any
           one
           
             Letter
             of
             Marque
          
           ,
           nor
           betake
           himself
           to
           any
           way
           of
           force
           for
           the
           obtaining
           of
           their
           reparation
           and
           satisfaction
           ;
           But
           instead
           thereof
           ,
           for
           an
           everlasting
           memorial
           of
           his
           great
           kindness
           and
           good-will
           towards
           this
           Countrey
           ,
           and
           for
           the
           facilitating
           of
           the
           bringing
           to
           a
           Conclusion
           the
           late
           Treaty
           with
           them
           (
           finding
           the
           Complaints
           and
           Pretensions
           of
           His
           Subjects
           to
           be
           so
           numerous
           and
           great
           )
           was
           pleased
           after
           all
           to
           suffer
           very
           many
           of
           them
           ,
           and
           those
           to
           a
           vast
           
           value
           ,
           to
           be
           utterly
           mortified
           and
           extinguished
           ;
           and
           the
           rest
           (
           except
           the
           business
           of
           the
           Ships
           Bonadventure
           ,
           and
           Bon-Esperanza
           )
           after
           so
           much
           money
           and
           time
           had
           been
           already
           expended
           in
           the
           pursuit
           thereof
           ,
           and
           many
           of
           them
           ready
           for
           a
           determination
           ,
           to
           be
           pu●
           in
           a
           LIST
           ,
           and
           proceeded
           upon
           a-new
           according
           to
           the
           fifteenth
           Article
           thereof
           ;
           no
           ways
           doubting
           ,
           but
           that
           all
           possible
           speed
           would
           have
           thereupon
           been
           used
           in
           bringing
           the
           matter
           to
           an
           issue
           and
           that
           for
           the
           future
           better
           order
           would
           have
           been
           observed
           to
           ▪
           wards
           His
           Subjects
           .
           But
           having
           waited
           now
           above
           27
           Months
           sinc●
           the
           Conclusion
           of
           the
           said
           Treaty
           and
           in
           that
           time
           their
           Lordship
           being
           continually
           call'd
           upon
           b●…
           His
           said
           Majesties
           
             Envoy
             Extraordinary
          
           ,
           yea
           by
           His
           Majesty
           Himself
           in
           several
           Audiences
           to
           thei●
           Embassador
           :
           Yet
           so
           it
           is
           ,
           that
           thos●
           matters
           are
           still
           so
           far
           from
           bein●
           
           ended
           ,
           that
           in
           truth
           they
           seem
           to
           be
           now
           rather
           further
           from
           it
           ,
           than
           at
           the
           day
           of
           the
           signing
           of
           the
           said
           Treaty
           ;
           and
           on
           the
           other
           side
           ,
           new
           injuries
           daily
           heaped
           ,
           and
           the
           same
           Designs
           of
           the
           East
           and
           West-Indie-Companies
           carried
           on
           for
           the
           utter
           overthrow
           of
           all
           the
           Trade
           of
           His
           Majesties
           Subjects
           in
           those
           parts
           of
           the
           world
           ,
           as
           appeared
           by
           the
           business
           of
           the
           Ships
           
             Hopewell
             ,
             Leopard
          
           ,
           and
           other
           Ships
           in
           the
           East-Indies
           ,
           and
           by
           the
           business
           of
           the
           
             Charles
             ,
             James
             ,
             Mary
             ,
             Sampson
             ,
             Hopeful
             ,
             Adventurer
             ,
             Speedwel
             ,
          
           &c.
           upon
           the
           Coast
           of
           Africa
           .
           All
           which
           are
           matters
           hapned
           since
           the
           Conclusion
           of
           the
           said
           Treaty
           .
           And
           after
           all
           this
           ,
           and
           notwithstanding
           His
           Parliaments
           application
           to
           Him
           upon
           the
           account
           of
           His
           aggrieved
           Subjects
           ,
           in
           so
           solemn
           and
           extraordinary
           a
           manner
           ;
           His
           Majesty
           was
           yet
           so
           far
           from
           being
           inclined
           to
           any
           other
           than
           ways
           of
           accommodation
           ,
           
           as
           that
           he
           did
           by
           a
           publick
           Writing
           ,
           or
           Declaration
           ,
           declare
           ,
           That
           he
           would
           yet
           try
           what
           could
           be
           done
           by
           amicable
           endeavours
           at
           the
           Hague
           ,
           before
           he
           would
           make
           use
           of
           any
           other
           means
           ;
           (
           the
           which
           was
           also
           very
           well
           known
           to
           their
           Lordships
           )
           and
           did
           thereupon
           accordingly
           give
           orders
           to
           his
           
             Envoy
             Extraordinary
          
           ,
           to
           press
           them
           afresh
           :
           And
           further
           to
           make
           out
           his
           peaceable
           and
           moderate
           intentions
           ,
           and
           to
           take
           off
           all
           umbrage
           from
           their
           Lordships
           ,
           to
           let
           them
           know
           (
           as
           accordingly
           he
           did
           in
           publick
           Conferences
           with
           their
           Deputies
           )
           That
           His
           Majesty
           would
           not
           in
           any
           kind
           trouble
           their
           Fleets
           which
           they
           then
           expected
           from
           the
           Streights
           and
           
             East
             Indies
          
           ,
           nor
           their
           Fisheries
           upon
           his
           Coasts
           ;
           yea
           ,
           further
           to
           put
           them
           out
           of
           all
           doubt
           ,
           ordered
           a
           far
           less
           equipage
           of
           Shipping
           for
           the
           Summer-guard
           than
           had
           been
           known
           these
           many
           years
           :
           But
           all
           this
           was
           so
           far
           from
           
           working
           the
           desired
           and
           intended
           effect
           ,
           as
           that
           on
           the
           contrary
           their
           Lordships
           betook
           themselves
           to
           Arms
           in
           an
           extraordinary
           manner
           ,
           ordering
           the
           fitting
           out
           with
           all
           speed
           a
           great
           Fleet
           ,
           and
           hundreds
           of
           Carpenters
           forthwith
           dispatched
           to
           work
           upon
           it
           night
           and
           day
           (
           holy-days
           as
           well
           as
           working-days
           )
           ;
           whereby
           His
           Majesty
           seeing
           Himself
           wholly
           defeated
           of
           His
           good
           intentions
           ;
           and
           instead
           of
           satisfaction
           for
           His
           Subjects
           ,
           braved
           and
           threatned
           with
           those
           equipages
           ,
           which
           could
           have
           no
           other
           regard
           but
           upon
           Himself
           ,
           was
           at
           last
           inforced
           for
           His
           own
           defence
           ,
           (
           though
           very
           much
           contrary
           to
           His
           inclinations
           and
           intentions
           )
           to
           arm
           also
           .
        
         
           And
           whereas
           it
           may
           be
           pretended
           ,
           as
           if
           their
           Lordships
           having
           fitted
           
             Their
             Fleet
          
           ,
           did
           desire
           that
           His
           Majesty
           would
           be
           pleased
           (
           for
           avoiding
           of
           all
           inconveniences
           )
           to
           keep
           
             His
             Fleet
          
           within
           His
           
           Harbours
           ,
           and
           that
           then
           they
           would
           keep
           in
           Theirs
           also
           ;
           It
           is
           to
           be
           considered
           ,
           that
           
             This
             Proposition
             was
             not
             made
             until
             that
             they
             had
             actually
             put
             to
             Sea
             a
             Fleet
             near
             as
             numerous
             as
             the
             whole
             that
             His
             Majesty
             was
             equipping
             ,
             and
             which
             was
             actually
             gone
             towards
             His
             Coasts
             :
          
           so
           that
           this
           could
           not
           but
           be
           construed
           to
           be
           rather
           a
           mocquery
           ,
           than
           otherwise
           ,
           for
           that
           thereby
           they
           had
           a
           Fleet
           at
           Sea
           to
           do
           what
           they
           pleased
           ,
           and
           in
           the
           mean
           while
           His
           Majesty
           had
           tied
           His
           own
           hands
           ,
           and
           obliged
           Himself
           to
           keep
           within
           doors
           ;
           but
           he
           was
           yet
           pleased
           to
           assure
           them
           ,
           that
           His
           (
           if
           it
           did
           go
           out
           )
           should
           not
           do
           them
           the
           least
           injury
           ;
           still
           ,
           in
           the
           mean
           while
           ,
           pressing
           here
           at
           the
           Hague
           by
           His
           Minister
           ,
           and
           Himself
           urging
           their
           Ambassador
           at
           London
           ,
           to
           hasten
           the
           dispatch
           of
           the
           matters
           in
           difference
           :
           And
           as
           a
           further
           testimony
           of
           His
           desires
           of
           living
           in
           good
           Correspondence
           
           with
           
             This
             Countrey
          
           ,
           He
           did
           declare
           His
           willingness
           to
           enter
           into
           a
           Treaty
           for
           the
           better
           regulating
           of
           the
           Trade
           and
           Navigation
           of
           both
           ,
           and
           the
           prevention
           of
           such
           disorders
           for
           the
           future
           ;
           and
           for
           the
           quicker
           dispatch
           and
           ripening
           of
           so
           good
           a
           work
           ,
           a
           project
           thereof
           was
           in
           His
           Name
           tendred
           to
           them
           long
           ago
           ,
           and
           yet
           to
           this
           day
           not
           one
           word
           of
           answer
           thereupon
           .
        
         
           And
           if
           it
           be
           also
           true
           (
           as
           it
           is
           )
           that
           their
           Lordships
           began
           the
           seizing
           of
           Ships
           in
           these
           Parts
           ,
           stopping
           the
           Ship
           from
           Gottenburg
           bound
           for
           London
           ;
           and
           though
           pressed
           again
           and
           again
           to
           set
           her
           at
           liberty
           ,
           yet
           still
           retain'd
           her
           ,
           and
           to
           this
           day
           not
           so
           much
           as
           a
           word
           of
           answer
           why
           ,
           or
           upon
           what
           account
           .
        
         
           These
           things
           being
           so
           ,
           can
           there
           be
           any
           doubt
           who
           is
           the
           Attacquer
           or
           Aggressor
           ?
           unless
           it
           must
           be
           held
           for
           a
           Maxim
           ,
           That
           let
           
           their
           Lordships
           and
           
             Their
             Subjects
          
           deal
           with
           His
           asoresaid
           Majesty
           and
           His
           Subjects
           from
           time
           to
           time
           ,
           and
           from
           year
           to
           year
           ,
           as
           they
           please
           ,
           yet
           they
           are
           not
           Attacquers
           or
           Aggressors
           ;
           but
           if
           His
           Majesty
           or
           
             His
             Subjects
          
           ,
           after
           never
           so
           many
           years
           sufferings
           ,
           and
           all
           amicable
           endeavours
           first
           tried
           ,
           to
           have
           obtained
           their
           satisfaction
           ,
           without
           to
           this
           very
           day
           having
           been
           able
           to
           obtain
           it
           in
           any
           of
           those
           numerous
           cases
           of
           piracy
           and
           violence
           committed
           by
           the
           people
           of
           
             This
             Countrey
          
           against
           them
           ,
           whereof
           complaint
           hath
           been
           made
           from
           time
           to
           time
           unto
           their
           Lordships
           by
           His
           Majesties
           Minister
           :
           If
           after
           all
           ,
           any
           thing
           be
           done
           by
           them
           towards
           the
           righting
           of
           themselves
           ,
           His
           Majesty
           must
           be
           called
           and
           reputed
           the
           Attacquer
           and
           the
           Aggressor
           .
           Let
           their
           Lordships
           make
           out
           ,
           That
           the
           Complaints
           in
           the
           said
           Memorial
           are
           ungrounded
           ,
           and
           His
           Majesty
           
           will
           yield
           unto
           them
           :
           but
           if
           otherwise
           ,
           Who
           will
           think
           it
           strange
           if
           at
           last
           something
           be
           done
           towards
           the
           righting
           of
           them
           .
        
         
           And
           as
           to
           the
           Particulars
           mentioned
           in
           the
           said
           Paper
           to
           have
           been
           suffered
           by
           them
           from
           the
           
             English
             ▪
          
           though
           those
           matters
           have
           not
           been
           treated
           of
           between
           their
           Lordships
           and
           the
           said
           
             Envoy
             Extraordinary
          
           ,
           but
           between
           the
           King
           his
           Master
           and
           their
           Ambassador
           at
           London
           ;
           so
           that
           it
           is
           not
           properly
           his
           business
           to
           reply
           thereunto
           ,
           but
           to
           refer
           them
           to
           that
           Answer
           which
           His
           Majesty
           hath
           promised
           to
           give
           concerning
           the
           same
           ;
           yet
           seeing
           their
           Lordships
           have
           been
           pleased
           not
           only
           to
           mention
           and
           insist
           thereupon
           in
           the
           aforesaid
           Paper
           ,
           but
           indeed
           to
           say
           nothing
           else
           by
           way
           of
           answer
           to
           the
           Complaints
           in
           his
           Memorial
           ;
           he
           cannot
           but
           say
           thus
           much
           thereunto
           .
        
         
         
           
             That
             the
             Places
             and
             Ships
             said
             to
             be
             taken
             from
             them
             ,
             were
             all
             belonging
             to
             the
             West-Indie-Company
             of
             
               this
               Countrey
            
             ,
             and
             nothing
             complain'd
             of
             in
             the
             paper
             to
             have
             been
             taken
             from
             them
             belonging
             to
             any
             else
             of
             
               These
               Countries
            
             :
             And
             when
             it
             shall
             be
             considered
             ,
             that
             in
             the
             LIST
             of
             Damages
             alone
             ,
             there
             appears
             to
             have
             been
             near
             
               twenty
               English
               Ships
            
             successively
             ,
             within
             a
             very
             few
             years
             before
             the
             conclusion
             of
             the
             late
             Treaty
             ,
             taken
             in
             a
             Hostile
             manner
             upon
             the
             Coast
             of
             Africa
             ,
             only
             by
             the
             Shipping
             of
             the
             said
             West-Indie-Company
             ,
             with
             their
             whole
             Lading
             ,
             to
             a
             very
             great
             value
             ;
             and
             not
             only
             so
             ,
             but
             the
             men
             that
             belonged
             to
             them
             ,
             very
             many
             of
             them
             most
             barbarously
             and
             inhumanly
             treated
             ,
             put
             into
             most
             stinking
             dungeons
             and
             holes
             at
             Casteldelmina
             ,
             there
             to
             lie
             in
             the
             midst
             of
             their
             own
             excrements
             ,
             nothing
             but
             
             bread
             and
             water
             given
             them
             ,
             and
             thereof
             not
             enough
             to
             sustain
             Nature
             ;
             their
             bodies
             tortured
             with
             exquisite
             and
             horrid
             tortures
             ;
             and
             when
             any
             of
             them
             dyed
             ,
             the
             living
             and
             the
             dead
             left
             together
             ;
             and
             such
             as
             escaped
             ,
             turned
             out
             to
             perish
             by
             hunger
             or
             wild
             beasts
             in
             those
             miserable
             Countries
             ,
             or
             to
             be
             carried
             away
             Captives
             by
             the
             Natives
             ;
             by
             which
             means
             ,
             several
             hundreds
             of
             His
             Majesties
             good
             Subjects
             have
             perished
             and
             been
             destroyed
             .
             And
             to
             this
             hour
             ,
             notwithstanding
             all
             sollicitations
             and
             endeavours
             ,
             not
             one
             penny
             of
             satisfaction
             given
             to
             the
             persons
             concerned
             in
             any
             of
             the
             said
             Ships
             ;
             And
             ever
             since
             the
             Conclusion
             of
             the
             said
             Treaty
             ,
             Ships
             of
             Warr
             have
             been
             kept
             by
             the
             said
             Company
             upon
             the
             said
             Coasts
             ;
             which
             though
             they
             have
             not
             proceeded
             so
             far
             as
             to
             take
             more
             of
             the
             Shipping
             of
             His
             Majestie
             's
             
             Subjects
             ,
             yet
             they
             have
             done
             that
             which
             is
             equivalent
             ,
             and
             as
             ruinous
             to
             that
             Trade
             ;
             stopping
             and
             hindring
             every
             one
             that
             they
             met
             withal
             from
             all
             Commerce
             ;
             and
             to
             that
             effect
             pursuing
             them
             in
             an
             hostile
             manner
             from
             place
             to
             place
             :
             And
             where-ever
             any
             English
             anchored
             by
             them
             ,
             hindring
             and
             shooting
             at
             ,
             and
             taking
             by
             force
             ,
             with
             their
             Ladings
             ,
             all
             Boats
             of
             the
             Navies
             that
             endeavoured
             to
             come
             aboard
             them
             ,
             and
             their
             Boats
             that
             would
             go
             on
             shoar
             ;
             yea
             ,
             depriving
             them
             of
             so
             much
             as
             any
             provision
             or
             refreshment
             of
             fresh
             water
             (
             as
             appears
             by
             the
             Complaints
             made
             by
             the
             said
             
               Envoy
               Extraordinary
            
             from
             time
             to
             time
             to
             their
             Lordships
             concerning
             the
             same
             )
             :
             And
             publishing
             a
             Declaration
             in
             the
             Name
             as
             well
             of
             the
             
               States
               General
            
             ,
             as
             of
             the
             said
             Company
             ,
             wherein
             they
             deduce
             their
             right
             to
             that
             
               whole
               Coast
            
             ,
             to
             the
             exclusion
             
             of
             all
             other
             Nations
             :
             And
             notwithstanding
             all
             Complaints
             to
             their
             Lordships
             ,
             neither
             the
             said
             Declaration
             disavowed
             ,
             nor
             any
             thing
             of
             Satisfaction
             given
             ,
             but
             still
             new
             Complaints
             coming
             ;
             and
             among
             others
             ,
             that
             of
             their
             having
             stirr'd
             up
             the
             King
             of
             Fantine
             by
             rewards
             and
             sums
             of
             money
             given
             him
             to
             that
             end
             ;
             and
             supplying
             him
             with
             all
             sorts
             of
             Arms
             and
             Ammunition
             for
             the
             surprize
             of
             His
             Majestie
             's
             Castle
             at
             Cormantine
             in
             those
             parts
             ;
             concerning
             which
             also
             proofs
             have
             been
             since
             given
             to
             their
             Lordships
             by
             the
             said
             
               Envoy
               Extraordinary
            
             ;
             so
             that
             there
             was
             an
             absolute
             necessity
             impos'd
             upon
             His
             Majesty
             and
             His
             Subjects
             ,
             either
             of
             losing
             all
             that
             had
             been
             actually
             taken
             from
             them
             ,
             and
             withal
             abandoning
             for
             ever
             that
             Trade
             it self
             ;
             or
             otherwise
             of
             betaking
             themselves
             to
             some
             other
             ways
             for
             their
             relief
             .
             And
             
             it
             will
             rather
             be
             thought
             strange
             that
             their
             patience
             did
             hold
             out
             so
             long
             ,
             than
             that
             now
             at
             last
             something
             should
             be
             done
             towards
             the
             righting
             of
             themselves
             .
          
        
         
           Besides
           ,
           as
           to
           the
           business
           of
           
             Capo
             Corco
          
           ,
           Did
           not
           the
           same
           
             Envoy
             Extraordinary
          
           long
           ago
           complain
           in
           the
           Name
           ,
           and
           by
           Order
           of
           the
           King
           his
           Master
           ,
           in
           
             publick
             Conferences
          
           both
           with
           the
           Deputies
           of
           their
           Lordships
           the
           
             Estates
             General
          
           ,
           and
           also
           with
           those
           of
           Holland
           in
           particular
           ,
           of
           the
           injurious
           possessing
           and
           keeping
           of
           that
           place
           by
           those
           of
           the
           said
           West-Indie-Company
           ,
           deducing
           and
           remonstrating
           at
           large
           his
           Master
           's
           Right
           thereunto
           ,
           the
           ground
           having
           been
           bought
           by
           
             His
             Subjects
          
           of
           the
           King
           of
           
             That
             Country
          
           ,
           for
           a
           valuable
           consideration
           ,
           and
           a
           Lodg
           or
           Factory
           built
           thereupon
           ;
           and
           those
           of
           the
           
             West
             Indie
             Company
          
           
           of
           
             this
             Country
          
           being
           got
           into
           the
           possession
           of
           the
           place
           meerly
           by
           fraud
           and
           treachery
           ;
           but
           no
           reflection
           made
           thereupon
           by
           their
           Lordships
           ,
           much
           less
           any
           hopes
           given
           of
           ever
           obtaining
           any
           restitution
           from
           them
           .
           And
           indeed
           ,
           if
           His
           Majesty
           had
           not
           been
           able
           to
           rescue
           out
           of
           their
           hands
           the
           least
           Boat
           or
           penyworth
           of
           Goods
           since
           His
           Return
           to
           His
           Kingdoms
           (
           concerning
           which
           complaint
           had
           been
           made
           by
           His
           
             Envoy
             Extraordinary
          
           ,
           of
           its
           being
           forceably
           taken
           by
           them
           from
           His
           Subjects
           )
           what
           hopes
           of
           their
           quitting
           to
           Him
           any
           such
           place
           ?
           especially
           remembring
           that
           business
           of
           the
           Island
           of
           Poleroon
           in
           the
           East-Indies
           ,
           which
           hath
           been
           a
           restoring
           by
           them
           ever
           since
           the
           year
           1622
           ,
           at
           which
           time
           it
           was
           by
           solem
           and
           
             particular
             Treaty
          
           promised
           to
           be
           done
           ;
           and
           again
           ,
           by
           
             another
             Treaty
          
           ,
           in
           the
           year
           1654
           :
           and
           by
           Orders
           of
           the
           
           
             Estates
             General
          
           and
           East-Indie-Company
           of
           
             this
             Countrey
          
           ,
           in
           the
           year
           1661
           :
           and
           again
           ,
           by
           Treaty
           in
           the
           year
           1662
           :
           and
           yet
           to
           this
           day
           we
           know
           nothing
           of
           its
           being
           delivered
           :
           And
           can
           it
           be
           thought
           strange
           ,
           if
           invited
           thereunto
           by
           the
           King
           of
           the
           said
           Country
           ,
           that
           His
           Majesty
           should
           after
           so
           fair
           warning
           condescend
           to
           suffer
           His
           Subjects
           to
           endeavour
           to
           re-possess
           themselves
           thereof
           ?
        
         
           And
           as
           to
           the
           business
           of
           
             New
             Netherland
          
           (
           so
           called
           )
           this
           is
           very
           far
           from
           being
           a
           surprize
           ,
           or
           any
           thing
           of
           that
           nature
           ;
           it
           being
           notoriously
           known
           ,
           that
           
             That
             spo●…
             of
             Land
          
           lies
           within
           the
           limits
           ,
           and
           is
           part
           of
           the
           possession
           of
           His
           Subjects
           of
           
             New
             England
          
           ,
           (
           as
           appears
           most
           evidently
           by
           their
           Charter
           )
           and
           that
           those
           few
           Dutch
           that
           have
           lived
           there
           ,
           have
           lived
           there
           meerly
           upon
           connivence
           and
           sufferance
           ,
           and
           not
           as
           having
           any
           
           right
           thereunto
           ;
           and
           that
           this
           hath
           from
           time
           to
           time
           ,
           and
           from
           year
           to
           year
           ,
           been
           declared
           unto
           them
           ,
           but
           yet
           so
           as
           that
           the
           English
           were
           contented
           to
           suffer
           them
           to
           remain
           there
           ,
           provided
           they
           would
           demean
           themselves
           peaceably
           and
           quietly
           :
           but
           that
           the
           said
           Dutch
           ,
           not
           contenting
           themselves
           therewith
           ,
           did
           still
           endeavour
           to
           encroach
           further
           and
           further
           upon
           the
           English
           ,
           imposing
           their
           Laws
           and
           Customs
           ,
           and
           endeavouring
           to
           raise
           Contributions
           and
           Excises
           upon
           them
           ,
           and
           in
           places
           where
           no
           Dutch
           were
           or
           had
           ever
           been
           :
           Whereupon
           they
           have
           formerly
           been
           necessitated
           several
           times
           to
           send
           Soldiers
           for
           the
           repelling
           of
           them
           .
        
         
           And
           as
           to
           what
           is
           said
           in
           the
           said
           Paper
           ,
           as
           if
           though
           the
           English
           should
           formerly
           have
           had
           any
           pretence
           to
           the
           said
           place
           ,
           that
           yet
           the
           said
           pretence
           is
           cut
           off
           by
           the
           fifteenth
           Article
           of
           the
           late
           Treaty
           .
           
           To
           this
           he
           doth
           Reply
           ,
           That
           
             That
             Article
          
           doth
           only
           cut
           off
           matters
           of
           
             Piracies
             ,
             Robberies
          
           ,
           and
           Violence
           ;
           but
           as
           to
           the
           Rights
           and
           Inheritances
           of
           Lands
           and
           Jurisdictions
           ,
           that
           it
           doth
           not
           at
           all
           concern
           or
           intermeddle
           with
           the
           same
           .
           And
           that
           this
           is
           so
           ,
           there
           needs
           no
           other
           Argument
           but
           the
           producing
           of
           several
           Examples
           out
           of
           their
           own
           
             Courts
             of
             Justice
          
           ,
           whereby
           it
           will
           appear
           ,
           that
           indeed
           as
           to
           the
           Plundering
           and
           taking
           of
           Ships
           ,
           or
           the
           like
           ,
           that
           all
           such
           causes
           (
           if
           hapned
           before
           the
           time
           limited
           in
           the
           said
           Treaty
           )
           did
           cease
           upon
           the
           Conclusion
           thereof
           ;
           but
           as
           to
           such
           as
           were
           then
           depending
           concerning
           the
           Inheritances
           of
           Lands
           ,
           that
           they
           have
           still
           continued
           to
           be
           pursued
           :
           As
           for
           Example
           ,
           The
           Case
           of
           Sir
           
             Thomas
             Lower
          
           ,
           an
           
             English
             Man
          
           ,
           for
           certain
           Lands
           claimed
           by
           him
           in
           Zealand
           .
           Besides
           ,
           those
           of
           
             New
             Neather-Lands
          
           ,
           had
           since
           the
           Conclusion
           
           of
           the
           Late
           Treaty
           ,
           made
           new
           Incursions
           upon
           the
           English
           ,
           and
           given
           them
           many
           new
           provocations
           ;
           and
           by
           their
           Charters
           they
           have
           
             Jura
             Belli
          
           within
           Themselves
           ,
           without
           Appealing
           first
           into
           Europe
           :
           And
           if
           after
           all
           this
           ,
           His
           Majesty
           hath
           suffered
           them
           according
           thereunto
           to
           rescue
           themselvs
           from
           such
           continued
           Vexations
           and
           Mischiefs
           ;
           Can
           
             Any
             Prince
          
           think
           it
           strange
           ,
           or
           be
           surprized
           thereat
           ,
           much
           less
           
             the
             most
             Christian
             King
          
           ?
           (
           For
           whose
           Satisfaction
           this
           Paper
           seems
           to
           be
           more
           particularly
           Calculated
           )
           :
           Whereas
           
             He
             hath
             been
             pleased
             this
             very
             same
             year
             ,
             to
             Order
             or
             Suffer
          
           (
           with
           his
           Privity
           )
           His
           Subjects
           
             to
             Re-possess
             themselves
             in
             like
             manner
             by
             Force
             and
             Arms
             ,
             of
             a
             certain
             Place
             called
          
           Cayenne
           ,
           
             which
             they
             pretend
             to
             have
             been
             wrongfully
             possessed
             and
             kept
             from
             them
             by
             the
             same
          
           West-Indie-Company
           .
        
         
         
           And
           as
           to
           the
           business
           of
           
             Cabo
             Verde
          
           ,
           and
           the
           taking
           of
           their
           Ships
           ,
           and
           what
           else
           is
           alledged
           to
           have
           been
           done
           in
           those
           parts
           (
           except
           that
           of
           
             Cabo
             Corco
             )
          
           :
           'T
           was
           but
           in
           the
           Month
           of
           
             June
             last
          
           ,
           that
           the
           first
           Complaint
           was
           made
           thereof
           to
           His
           Majesty
           ;
           and
           did
           he
           not
           immediately
           return
           for
           Answer
           ,
           That
           He
           had
           given
           no
           Order
           or
           Direction
           to
           
             Captain
             Holmes
          
           (
           the
           Person
           complained
           of
           )
           for
           the
           doing
           thereof
           :
           That
           he
           did
           expect
           him
           Home
           very
           speedily
           ;
           and
           that
           ,
           upon
           his
           Return
           ,
           he
           would
           cause
           those
           matters
           to
           be
           Examined
           ,
           and
           Right
           to
           be
           done
           them
           ,
           and
           the
           Offenders
           punished
           ?
           And
           did
           not
           the
           said
           
             Envoy
             Extraordinary
          
           upon
           the
           
             Twenty
             seventh
             day
             of
             July
             last
             ,
          
           deliver
           a
           Memorial
           to
           them
           to
           the
           like
           Effect
           ?
           And
           could
           more
           be
           said
           or
           done
           for
           their
           Satisfaction
           ?
           Yea
           ,
           could
           their
           Lordships
           Themselves
           within
           their
           own
           Countries
           demand
           
           more
           of
           any
           of
           their
           Schepens
           ,
           or
           most
           
             Inferior
             Court
             of
             Justice
          
           ?
           And
           doth
           not
           the
           
             Fourteenth
             Article
          
           of
           the
           
             Late
             Treaty
          
           say
           in
           express
           Terms
           ,
           that
           
             In
             case
             any
             thing
             should
             happen
             upon
             the
             Coast
             of
          
           Africa
           ,
           
             either
             by
             Sea
             or
             Land
             ,
             that
          
           Twelve
           Months
           time
           
             shall
             be
             given
             after
             Complaint
             ,
             for
             the
             doing
             of
             Justice
             :
          
           Yet
           did
           they
           not
           within
           about
           Six
           or
           Seven
           weeks
           after
           ;
           Resolve
           to
           send
           a
           Considerable
           Fleet
           of
           Theirs
           into
           those
           Parts
           ,
           to
           the
           number
           of
           
             Ten
             Men
             of
             War
          
           (
           besides
           the
           Ships
           of
           the
           said
           West-Indie-Company
           )
           under
           the
           Command
           of
           one
           
             Van
             Campen
          
           ,
           and
           strengthned
           with
           a
           Considerable
           Body
           of
           their
           Milice
           ,
           under
           the
           Command
           of
           one
           Hertsberg
           ?
           And
           did
           they
           not
           within
           about
           Six
           or
           
             Seven
             Weeks
          
           after
           that
           ,
           put
           a
           Resolution
           into
           the
           hands
           of
           the
           said
           
             Envoy
             Extraordinary
          
           ,
           by
           their
           
             Agent
             de
             Heyde
          
           ,
           and
           about
           the
           same
           time
           
           give
           it
           to
           the
           King
           his
           Master
           ,
           by
           their
           Ambassador
           at
           London
           ,
           Denoting
           and
           containing
           the
           Instruction
           given
           to
           the
           said
           
             Van
             Campen
          
           ?
        
         
           And
           whereas
           they
           are
           pleased
           to
           Complement
           His
           
             Most
             Christian
             Majesty
          
           in
           the
           said
           Paper
           ,
           as
           if
           upon
           his
           score
           in
           hopes
           of
           the
           good
           effects
           of
           his
           good
           Offices
           for
           the
           Accommodating
           of
           Matters
           ,
           and
           for
           the
           making
           their
           Cause
           the
           more
           clear
           ,
           they
           had
           hitherto
           forborn
           the
           Proceeding
           against
           His
           
             Majesties
             Subjects
          
           as
           they
           might
           have
           done
           :
           Is
           it
           not
           therein
           expresly
           Declared
           and
           set
           Down
           ,
           that
           
             That
             force
             was
             not
             sent
             thither
             barely
             to
             Defend
             what
             they
             had
             ,
             and
             to
             take
             Care
             that
             nothing
             more
             should
             be
             Attempted
             upon
             them
             ;
             but
             in
             down-right
             Terms
             ,
          
           to
           Attacque
           and
           Fall
           upon
           
             His
             Majesties
             Subjects
             ,
             and
             to
             Carve
             out
             their
             own
             Satisfaction
             and
             Reparation
             ;
             And
             to
             pass
             by
             His
             doors
             for
             the
             doing
          
           
           thereof
           ?
           And
           that
           ,
           Seconded
           and
           Backed
           with
           
             another
             Great
             Fleet
          
           under
           their
           
             Chief
             Sea-Officers
          
           ;
           An
           Affront
           and
           Indignation
           too
           great
           for
           the
           Name
           of
           King
           to
           Suffer
           and
           Digest
           without
           Just
           Resentment
           .
        
         
           And
           moreover
           ,
           whereas
           their
           Lordships
           had
           lately
           invited
           His
           Majesty
           of
           
             Great
             Britain
          
           ,
           and
           other
           
             Christian
             Princes
          
           ,
           to
           send
           Fleets
           into
           the
           Mid-land-Sea
           to
           Act
           jointly
           against
           those
           Barbarians
           ;
           And
           that
           he
           did
           accordingly
           Declare
           unto
           them
           (
           in
           Writing
           ,
           and
           by
           his
           
             Envoy
             Extraordinary
          
           )
           his
           Intentions
           of
           Sending
           ,
           and
           that
           his
           Fleet
           should
           Act
           
             Junctis
             Consiliis
          
           with
           theirs
           :
           Yet
           so
           it
           is
           ,
           that
           while
           it
           was
           Acting
           there
           ,
           Pursuant
           thereunto
           ,
           and
           in
           Expectation
           of
           being
           Seconded
           and
           Appuyed
           by
           theirs
           ,
           according
           to
           their
           Promise
           ,
           
             De
             Ruyther
          
           was
           on
           a
           sudden
           Commanded
           thence
           .
        
         
         
           And
           whereas
           their
           Lordships
           would
           make
           the
           World
           believe
           that
           they
           had
           proceeded
           with
           such
           Singular
           and
           Extraordinary
           Franchise
           and
           Clearness
           towards
           his
           said
           Majesty
           ,
           in
           Communicating
           their
           Intentions
           and
           Designs
           (
           as
           abovesaid
           )
           ;
           Yet
           ,
           
             Is
             it
             not
             evident
             ,
             that
             the
             said
             Orders
             must
             have
             been
             given
             to
          
           De
           Ruyther
           
             much
             about
             the
             same
             time
          
           ?
        
         
           And
           though
           Sir
           
             John
             Lawson
          
           and
           his
           
             Majesties
             Fleet
          
           hapned
           to
           be
           in
           the
           
             same
             Port
          
           with
           
             De
             Ruyther
          
           when
           he
           quitted
           those
           Parts
           yet
           neither
           did
           he
           in
           the
           least
           impart
           unto
           him
           his
           intentions
           of
           quitting
           the
           same
           ,
           or
           whither
           he
           was
           going
           ;
           and
           though
           the
           King
           of
           
             Great
             Britain
          
           hath
           since
           ,
           several
           times
           pressed
           their
           Ambassador
           at
           London
           to
           be
           Informed
           whither
           he
           was
           gone
           ,
           and
           upon
           what
           account
           ;
           yet
           to
           this
           day
           his
           Majesty
           hath
           not
           been
           able
           to
           obtain
           any
           Satisfaction
           or
           Assurance
           concerning
           
           that
           matter
           :
           Whereupon
           ,
           and
           all
           other
           Circumstances
           being
           laid
           together
           ,
           He
           hath
           just
           reason
           to
           suppose
           and
           believe
           ,
           that
           he
           is
           sent
           and
           employed
           against
           Him
           ;
           And
           that
           while
           His
           Majesty
           was
           continuing
           (
           according
           to
           common
           Consent
           and
           Agreement
           between
           them
           )
           His
           Fleet
           against
           the
           
             Common
             Enemies
          
           of
           the
           very
           Name
           of
           CHRISTIAN
           ;
           and
           at
           a
           season
           ,
           when
           it
           more
           than
           ordinarily
           becomed
           every
           one
           to
           shew
           something
           of
           their
           zeal
           against
           them
           ;
           Theirs
           is
           call'd
           off
           ,
           and
           turn'd
           against
           Him.
           Nor
           is
           it
           to
           be
           imagined
           that
           
             De
             Ruyther's
             Instructions
          
           ,
           which
           are
           Concealed
           ,
           should
           be
           more
           Favourable
           than
           those
           which
           were
           Avowed
           to
           be
           given
           to
           
             Van
             Campen
          
           .
        
         
           And
           is
           it
           then
           to
           be
           wondred
           ,
           that
           His
           Majesty
           shews
           Himself
           a
           little
           Concerned
           ?
           Or
           is
           it
           now
           to
           be
           doubted
           ,
           who
           is
           the
           Attacquer
           or
           Aggressor
           ?
           And
           if
           
             De
             Ruyther
          
           
           is
           in
           one
           part
           of
           the
           World
           making
           Warr
           against
           Him
           ;
           What
           is
           to
           be
           said
           against
           it
           ,
           if
           His
           Majesty
           not
           having
           at
           this
           time
           in
           those
           Parts
           a
           suitable
           Force
           to
           Resist
           him
           ,
           doth
           make
           use
           of
           what
           he
           hath
           nearer
           home
           to
           endeavour
           to
           secure
           himself
           ,
           or
           to
           get
           something
           of
           theirs
           into
           his
           hands
           Doth
           either
           
             Common
             Right
          
           ,
           or
           H●●
           
             Majesties
             Treaty
          
           with
           
             This
             Country
          
           oblige
           to
           seek
           Satisfaction
           only
           i●
           that
           part
           of
           the
           World
           where
           th●
           Injury
           is
           done
           ?
           and
           so
           doth
           tha●
           at
           all
           alter
           the
           Case
           ,
           because
           th●…
           their
           Forces
           acting
           against
           
             Hi●…
             out
          
           of
           
             Europe
             ,
             His
          
           do
           something
           against
           
             Them
             ,
             in
             Europe
          
           ?
        
         
           
             His
             Majesty
          
           hath
           been
           very
           fa●
           from
           beginning
           with
           them
           in
           an●
           Part
           of
           the
           World
           ;
           but
           if
           at
           th●
           time
           they
           are
           Actually
           with
           a
           Considerable
           Fleet
           of
           the
           Estates
           falling
           upon
           Him
           ,
           and
           His
           Subjects
           and
           He
           hath
           thereupon
           given
           Order
           to
           the
           stopping
           of
           some
           o●
           
           their
           Ships
           in
           These
           Parts
           ;
           Will
           not
           all
           the
           World
           Justifie
           His
           Majesty
           herein
           ?
           And
           when
           withal
           ,
           Themselves
           also
           
             began
             the
             stopping
             of
             Ships
             in
             These
             Parts
             ,
          
           and
           that
           He
           hath
           all
           those
           reasons
           of
           Complaint
           against
           them
           above-mentioned
           .
        
         
           
             
               Given
               at
               the
            
             Hague
             
               
                 this
                 16
                 of
              
               September
               ,
               1664.
               
            
          
           
             G.
             DOWNING
             .
          
        
      
       
         
         
         
           Of
           the
           cruel
           Ingratitude
           ,
           Infidelity
           ,
           and
           Insufferable
           Wrongs
           of
           the
           Dutch.
           
        
         
           THere
           are
           so
           many
           pressing
           Arguments
           ,
           for
           the
           justness
           of
           this
           War
           ,
           against
           the
           Dutch
           ,
           and
           so
           generally
           known
           ,
           that
           this
           Treatise
           will
           seem
           needless
           ,
           and
           impertinent
           ;
           however
           it
           will
           not
           be
           amiss
           in
           this
           juncture
           ,
           to
           revive
           the
           memory
           of
           such
           execrable
           Cruelties
           ,
           horrid
           Ungratitude
           ,
           and
           insufferable
           Wrongs
           ,
           and
           Abuses
           ,
           the
           Dutch
           have
           exercised
           from
           time
           to
           time
           
           against
           us
           ,
           to
           the
           intent
           I
           may
           irritate
           ,
           and
           provoke
           further
           the
           already
           enraged
           Spirits
           of
           such
           English
           ,
           wh●…
           are
           willing
           to
           sacrifice
           their
           lives
           in
           the
           preservation
           of
           the
           Honour
           ,
           an●
           Safety
           of
           their
           King
           and
           Country
           .
        
         
           It
           is
           not
           so
           long
           since
           ,
           but
           it
           easily
           remembred
           ,
           who
           were
           the
           Rise
           ,
           who
           under
           God
           was
           the
           Maker
           ,
           and
           yet
           durst
           the
           Ingratitud●
           of
           these
           Hogens
           ,
           prompt
           them
           to
           draw
           a
           sword
           against
           Him
           ,
           that
           
             gav●
             them
             being
             ,
             and
             to
             whom
             they
             ow●
             their
             being
             now
             in
             a
             condition
             of
             making
             this
             dispute
             about
             the
             Dominion
             of
             these
             Seas
             .
          
           And
           contend
           for
           th●
           
             right
             of
             the
             Flagg
             ,
             whereas
             it
             is
             b●●
             as
             yesterday
             they
             had
             Licences
             ,
             an●
             for
             a
             Tribute
             ,
             to
             fish
             therein
             ,
             grante●
             them
             by
             his
             Majesties
             Royal
             Predecessors
             .
          
           O
           insufferable
           impudence
           for
           Mushroom
           States
           to
           struggle
           with
           their
           
             Maker
             !
             Caesar
          
           endured
           with
           out
           exclamation
           the
           Senators
           Pon●…
           yards
           ,
           as
           whetted
           by
           a
           seeming
           jus●
           revenge
           ;
           but
           when
           that
           of
           his
           own
           
           Imp
           Brutus
           was
           presented
           against
           him
           ,
           he
           covered
           his
           face
           ,
           leaving
           the
           World
           with
           no
           less
           shame
           ,
           then
           indignation
           ,
           against
           so
           much
           unnatural
           Ingratitude
           :
           should
           Millions
           of
           such
           Barbarismes
           now
           crowd
           together
           ,
           they
           would
           be
           all
           outdone
           by
           
             these
             peoples
             Inhumanities
          
           .
        
         
           It
           would
           make
           your
           heart
           bleed
           ,
           were
           you
           at
           Palaroon
           ,
           to
           read
           there
           the
           inexpressible
           Cruelties
           of
           the
           Dutch
           written
           in
           bloody
           Capitals
           ,
           what
           unconceivable
           Conspiracies
           did
           they
           contrive
           against
           the
           English
           in
           America
           ,
           to
           their
           utter
           ruine
           and
           extirpation
           .
           But
           above
           all
           ,
           who
           can
           forget
           those
           unspeakable
           Tortures
           the
           Dutch
           inflicted
           on
           the
           bodies
           of
           the
           English
           in
           Amboyna
           ,
           and
           afterwards
           cruelly
           butcher'd
           them
           :
           the
           Memory
           whereof
           ,
           whilst
           Sun
           and
           Moon
           shall
           run
           their
           Heavenly
           course
           ,
           or
           an
           English
           Spirit
           breath
           ,
           can
           never
           be
           forgot
           ,
           nay
           scarce
           forgiven
           .
        
         
           If
           we
           consider
           how
           loud
           and
           
           pressing
           the
           cry
           of
           blood
           is
           ,
           or
           with
           what
           high
           severity
           God
           ever
           proceeds
           against
           it
           ,
           though
           his
           wrath
           for
           some
           small
           time
           may
           seem
           to
           be
           a
           sleep
           ,
           we
           have
           just
           cause
           to
           believe
           that
           there
           is
           a
           heavy
           account
           must
           be
           given
           by
           the
           Dutch
           ,
           for
           that
           execrable
           Tyranny
           of
           theirs
           ,
           executed
           upon
           the
           English
           in
           that
           place
           ;
           and
           am
           almost
           fully
           perswaded
           ,
           that
           the
           time
           is
           now
           come
           ,
           wherein
           his
           most
           
             Gracious
             Majesty
          
           ,
           by
           the
           effusion
           of
           the
           blood
           of
           Hollanders
           ,
           shall
           endeavour
           to
           appease
           our
           incensed
           God
           ,
           for
           the
           innocent
           blood
           of
           ours
           ,
           which
           was
           plentifully
           spilt
           by
           them
           ,
           as
           well
           in
           other
           parts
           ,
           as
           both
           the
           Indies
           .
        
         
           To
           take
           away
           a
           mans
           life
           without
           the
           course
           of
           Justice
           ,
           though
           it
           be
           with
           the
           greatest
           civility
           ,
           and
           easiness
           of
           death
           imaginable
           ,
           is
           a
           crimson
           crime
           ,
           and
           which
           God
           hath
           denounced
           Murder
           ,
           and
           will
           punish
           accordingly
           ;
           but
           to
           heighten
           ,
           and
           multiply
           a
           death
           ,
           withall
           the
           previous
           
           Tortures
           that
           a
           passionate
           Diabolical
           Malice
           can
           invent
           ,
           Cruelty
           inflict
           ,
           or
           the
           frame
           of
           Mans
           body
           undergo
           ,
           is
           so
           far
           from
           being
           Manly
           or
           Christian
           ,
           that
           it
           is
           beyond
           Savageness
           and
           Bestiality
           ,
           and
           Approaches
           that
           accursed
           frame
           of
           spirit
           ,
           that
           He
           hath
           plung'd
           himself
           into
           ,
           who
           sits
           in
           the
           horrid
           seats
           of
           darkness
           .
        
         
           I
           shall
           only
           ,
           briefly
           touch
           upon
           some
           particulars
           of
           this
           bloody
           History
           ,
           as
           not
           delighting
           in
           such
           speculations
           ,
           which
           acquaint
           the
           mind
           with
           Extremities
           ,
           and
           Criticisms
           of
           sin
           ,
           a
           relation
           which
           hath
           brutishly
           out-done
           all
           former
           Records
           ,
           and
           Examples
           of
           Cruelty
           .
        
         
           There
           hapning
           some
           differences
           in
           the
           Indies
           ,
           between
           the
           Supposts
           of
           the
           English
           and
           Dutch
           Companies
           ,
           a
           Treaty
           was
           agreed
           on
           in
           London
           in
           the
           Year
           1613.
           
           Another
           at
           the
           Hague
           1615.
           
           But
           neither
           effected
           any
           thing
           to
           purpose
           ;
           however
           1619.
           
           There
           was
           a
           solemn
           composition
           
           of
           all
           those
           differences
           ,
           and
           a
           Method
           laid
           down
           for
           their
           future
           proceeding
           ,
           as
           well
           in
           Trade
           as
           otherwise
           ;
           but
           in
           consideration
           of
           the
           blood
           and
           cost
           (
           as
           was
           pretended
           )
           the
           Hollander
           was
           at
           ,
           in
           the
           expulsion
           of
           Spaniards
           and
           Portugalls
           out
           of
           the
           Isles
           of
           the
           Moluccoes
           ,
           &c.
           
           And
           for
           the
           building
           Forts
           for
           the
           suture
           security
           of
           the
           same
           ,
           it
           was
           agreed
           on
           ,
           that
           they
           should
           enjoy
           two
           Thirds
           of
           the
           Trade
           ,
           the
           English
           the
           Third
           ,
           and
           that
           the
           said
           Forts
           should
           be
           maintained
           by
           Taxes
           leavied
           on
           the
           Merchandize
           :
           their
           cheif
           Fort
           was
           at
           Amboyna
           ,
           where
           the
           English
           had
           planted
           five
           Factories
           ,
           the
           head
           of
           all
           the
           rest
           ;
           a
           place
           of
           considerable
           strength
           ,
           for
           it
           had
           four
           Bulwarks
           ,
           with
           their
           Curtains
           ;
           and
           upon
           each
           of
           these
           Points
           ,
           six
           great
           Peices
           of
           Ordnance
           mounted
           ,
           most
           Brass
           ,
           the
           one
           side
           thereof
           is
           washed
           with
           the
           Sea
           ,
           and
           the
           other
           divided
           from
           the
           Land
           ,
           with
           a
           Ditch
           of
           five
           Fathom
           broad
           ,
           very
           deep
           ,
           and
           alwayes
           
           filled
           with
           the
           Sea
           ;
           in
           this
           Fort
           there
           were
           two
           hundred
           Dutch
           Soldiers
           ,
           and
           a
           Company
           of
           free
           Burghers
           ,
           besides
           four
           hundred
           Mardikers
           ,
           (
           as
           they
           call
           them
           )
           in
           the
           Town
           ready
           to
           serve
           this
           Fort
           or
           Castle
           at
           an
           hours
           warning
           ;
           they
           having
           withall
           ,
           several
           tall
           Ships
           in
           the
           Harbour
           ,
           for
           Traffick
           ,
           and
           defence
           .
        
         
           The
           English
           had
           here
           in
           this
           Town
           ,
           an
           house
           of
           their
           own
           ,
           in
           which
           they
           lived
           under
           the
           Protection
           of
           the
           Castle
           ,
           for
           two
           Years
           after
           the
           Treaty
           ,
           and
           in
           respect
           thereof
           in
           amity
           on
           their
           sides
           with
           the
           Dutch.
           But
           after
           this
           time
           several
           debates
           arose
           ,
           and
           by
           reason
           of
           the
           treacherous
           and
           unjust
           proceedings
           of
           the
           Dutch
           ,
           the
           just
           and
           miserable
           complaints
           of
           the
           English
           were
           dispacht
           away
           to
           Jaccatra
           ,
           now
           called
           
             Nova
             Battavia
          
           ,
           where
           their
           grievances
           being
           not
           heard
           ,
           they
           were
           sent
           into
           England
           ,
           and
           discussed
           with
           Holland
           ,
           but
           no
           favorable
           result
           
           hence
           accrewed
           .
           Hereupon
           the
           differences
           encreasing
           ,
           a
           sword
           was
           found
           by
           the
           Hollander
           to
           cut
           asunder
           what
           their
           tedious
           disputes
           could
           not
           untie
           .
           On
           the
           eleventh
           of
           February
           1622.
           
           In
           the
           Fort
           ,
           the
           Sentinel
           secured
           upon
           suspicion
           an
           inquisitive
           Japoner
           ,
           who
           was
           put
           to
           the
           Torture
           ,
           and
           thereupon
           he
           confessed
           ,
           that
           He
           ,
           and
           several
           of
           his
           Country-men
           ,
           had
           plotted
           the
           surprizing
           of
           the
           Castle
           :
           upon
           this
           ,
           other
           Japoners
           were
           tortured
           and
           examined
           ,
           who
           confessed
           the
           like
           ;
           during
           the
           time
           of
           this
           Torture
           ,
           which
           was
           four
           daies
           ,
           several
           of
           the
           English
           went
           to
           the
           Castle
           ,
           partly
           to
           do
           business
           ,
           and
           partly
           to
           see
           these
           supposed
           Malefactors
           ,
           not
           dreaming
           they
           were
           in
           the
           least
           concerned
           ,
           having
           never
           had
           any
           converse
           with
           any
           of
           these
           Prisoners
           .
        
         
           There
           was
           at
           the
           same
           time
           in
           the
           Castle
           ,
           a
           debauched
           English-man
           ,
           who
           for
           offering
           to
           set
           a
           Dutchmans
           house
           a
           fire
           ,
           was
           confined
           ,
           and
           
           him
           they
           shewd
           the
           grievously
           ▪
           tortured
           Japoners
           ,
           telling
           him
           withall
           ,
           that
           they
           had
           consessed
           that
           the
           English
           were
           joyn'd
           with
           them
           ,
           in
           this
           confederacy
           ;
           assuring
           him
           ,
           if
           he
           would
           not
           confess
           the
           like
           ,
           he
           should
           be
           worse
           served
           ;
           upon
           the
           Torture
           he
           confessed
           ,
           as
           the
           rest
           had
           done
           :
           hereupon
           they
           instantly
           sent
           for
           what
           English
           there
           was
           in
           Amboyna
           to
           come
           immediately
           to
           the
           Governour
           ,
           who
           obeyed
           the
           Summons
           ;
           but
           they
           were
           no
           sooner
           entered
           the
           Castle
           ,
           but
           secured
           ,
           and
           sharply
           charged
           by
           the
           Governour
           ,
           with
           this
           conspiracie
           ,
           having
           so
           done
           ,
           they
           seized
           the
           Merchandize
           of
           the
           English-company
           ,
           into
           their
           own
           custody
           ,
           with
           all
           their
           Books
           and
           Writings
           ;
           nor
           did
           they
           omit
           securing
           the
           English
           in
           the
           rest
           of
           the
           Factories
           ,
           whom
           they
           all
           threatned
           with
           the
           Torture
           ,
           if
           they
           would
           not
           confess
           ,
           what
           ever
           the
           Governour
           and
           the
           Fiscal
           would
           have
           them
           ,
           the
           Major
           part
           being
           fully
           resolved
           to
           stand
           to
           
           the
           truth
           ,
           received
           their
           Hellish
           Torture
           ,
           but
           the
           punishment
           was
           to
           great
           for
           man
           to
           bear
           ,
           and
           so
           by
           their
           confessions
           helped
           the
           Dutch
           to
           murder
           themselves
           ,
           as
           well
           as
           their
           poor
           innocent
           Country-men
           .
           Judge
           you
           by
           the
           manner
           following
           of
           their
           insufferable
           Torture
           ,
           whether
           these
           poor
           Souls
           would
           not
           say
           any
           thing
           ,
           nay
           dye
           willingly
           to
           be
           freed
           from
           it
           ;
           thus
           they
           used
           them
           ,
           first
           they
           hoised
           the
           Prisoner
           up
           by
           the
           hands
           with
           a
           cord
           ,
           on
           a
           large
           door
           ,
           where
           they
           made
           him
           fast
           with
           two
           staples
           of
           Iron
           fixt
           on
           both
           sides
           ,
           on
           the
           top
           of
           the
           door
           posts
           ,
           extending
           his
           hands
           one
           from
           the
           other
           ,
           as
           wide
           as
           they
           could
           stretch
           them
           ;
           being
           thus
           made
           fast
           ,
           his
           feet
           hung
           about
           two
           foot
           from
           the
           ground
           ,
           which
           having
           extended
           as
           wide
           as
           they
           could
           ,
           they
           fastned
           them
           to
           the
           Door
           Trees
           on
           each
           side
           ;
           then
           they
           bound
           a
           cloath
           about
           his
           neck
           and
           face
           ,
           so
           close
           no
           water
           should
           pass
           by
           ;
           that
           done
           ,
           they
           poured
           the
           water
           sostly
           on
           his
           head
           ,
           
           until
           the
           cloath
           was
           full
           up
           to
           the
           mouth
           ,
           and
           nostrils
           ,
           and
           somewhat
           higher
           ;
           so
           that
           he
           could
           not
           draw
           breath
           ,
           but
           must
           withall
           suck
           in
           the
           water
           ,
           which
           being
           still
           continued
           to
           be
           poured
           in
           softly
           ,
           forced
           all
           his
           internal
           parts
           ,
           so
           that
           the
           water
           came
           out
           of
           his
           Nose
           ,
           Ears
           ,
           and
           Eyes
           ;
           and
           often
           ,
           as
           it
           were
           stifling
           and
           choaking
           him
           ,
           at
           length
           taking
           away
           his
           breath
           ,
           he
           falls
           into
           a
           swound
           ;
           then
           taking
           him
           down
           quickly
           ,
           they
           make
           him
           vomit
           up
           his
           water
           :
           being
           a
           little
           recovered
           ,
           they
           triced
           him
           up
           again
           ,
           and
           poured
           in
           the
           water
           ,
           taking
           him
           down
           thus
           five
           or
           six
           times
           ,
           as
           often
           as
           they
           saw
           him
           faint
           :
           by
           this
           means
           his
           Body
           would
           swell
           twice
           or
           thrice
           as
           big
           as
           before
           ,
           his
           Cheeks
           like
           great
           Bladders
           ,
           and
           his
           Eyes
           staring
           and
           strutting
           out
           beyond
           his
           Fore-head
           ;
           after
           this
           ,
           as
           they
           found
           him
           obstinate
           in
           the
           maintainance
           of
           the
           truth
           ,
           they
           would
           trice
           him
           up
           again
           ,
           and
           with
           lighted
           Candles
           burn
           him
           in
           the
           bottoms
           of
           
           the
           Feet
           ,
           until
           the
           Fat
           thereof
           dropt
           out
           the
           Candles
           ,
           yet
           for
           all
           that
           apply
           fresh
           Candles
           ;
           burning
           him
           under
           the
           Elbows
           ,
           and
           in
           the
           palms
           of
           the
           Hands
           ,
           as
           also
           under
           the
           Arm-pits
           ,
           until
           his
           inwards
           might
           be
           plainly
           seen
           .
        
         
           Having
           by
           their
           extorted
           and
           forced
           confessions
           ,
           accused
           one
           the
           other
           ,
           they
           were
           all
           thrown
           into
           a
           loathsome
           Dungeon
           ,
           where
           having
           lain
           a
           while
           ,
           they
           were
           brought
           to
           the
           Castle-yard
           ,
           where
           they
           received
           Sentence
           of
           Death
           ;
           before
           their
           suffering
           ,
           they
           desired
           to
           take
           the
           Sacrament
           in
           Testimony
           of
           their
           innocency
           ,
           but
           it
           was
           denyed
           them
           ;
           however
           ,
           they
           all
           Unanimously
           called
           Men
           and
           Angels
           to
           witness
           ,
           they
           dyed
           innocent
           of
           that
           Conspiracy
           was
           laid
           to
           their
           charge
           .
        
         
           As
           I
           wish
           the
           occasion
           of
           publishing
           this
           at
           first
           had
           never
           been
           ,
           so
           I
           wish
           Justice
           once
           had
           ,
           the
           remembrance
           hereof
           may
           be
           for
           ever
           buried
           .
           But
           this
           breach
           being
           National
           ,
           
           and
           to
           this
           day
           but
           in
           part
           satisfied
           (
           by
           some
           signal
           Victories
           obtained
           over
           them
           ,
           before
           and
           since
           his
           Majesties
           happy
           Restauration
           )
           and
           the
           blood
           there
           and
           elsewhere
           by
           them
           spilt
           ,
           no
           doubt
           still
           crying
           loud
           ,
           it
           had
           been
           injust
           in
           the
           first
           publisher
           to
           have
           buried
           it
           in
           silence
           ;
           and
           a
           great
           sin
           of
           forgetfulness
           in
           not
           reviving
           the
           remembrance
           ;
           for
           as
           the
           beginning
           of
           these
           torments
           were
           from
           a
           causeless
           and
           slight
           suspition
           of
           an
           improbable
           and
           ineffective
           plot
           ,
           so
           by
           that
           means
           were
           we
           forced
           from
           our
           possessions
           in
           those
           parts
           ,
           and
           the
           injury
           became
           complicated
           both
           against
           Justice
           and
           Interest
           .
        
         
           I
           cannot
           but
           add
           unto
           their
           cruelty
           ,
           the
           extream
           malice
           they
           bore
           to
           the
           English
           in
           those
           parts
           ;
           Polaroon
           ,
           one
           of
           the
           Islands
           of
           Banda
           ,
           was
           taken
           by
           the
           Dutch
           ,
           notwithstanding
           according
           to
           the
           Treaty
           1619.
           they
           knew
           it
           was
           to
           remain
           in
           the
           possession
           of
           the
           English
           ;
           but
           knowing
           withall
           ,
           that
           it
           must
           be
           restored
           again
           ,
           
           they
           exercise
           all
           the
           Malice
           in
           that
           Island
           ,
           Hells
           consistory
           could
           assist
           them
           with
           :
           they
           first
           take
           all
           courses
           to
           make
           the
           Island
           little
           or
           nothing
           worth
           :
           they
           demolish
           and
           deface
           the
           Buildings
           ,
           transplant
           the
           Nutmeg-trees
           ,
           plucking
           them
           up
           by
           the
           roots
           ,
           and
           carrying
           them
           into
           their
           own
           Islands
           ,
           of
           Nera
           and
           Poloway
           ,
           burning
           what
           Trees
           they
           thought
           unfit
           for
           Transplantations
           ;
           nay
           ,
           at
           last
           they
           found
           away
           to
           dispeople
           the
           Island
           ,
           and
           to
           leave
           it
           so
           ,
           that
           the
           English
           might
           make
           no
           use
           of
           it
           ,
           worth
           their
           charge
           of
           keeping
           it
           .
           To
           effect
           which
           ,
           they
           entertain
           a
           Run-away
           ,
           the
           Son
           of
           an
           Orankey
           or
           Gentleman
           of
           Polaroon
           ,
           who
           having
           committed
           some
           notorious
           fact
           ,
           which
           deserved
           death
           ,
           fled
           to
           the
           Dutch
           at
           Nera
           ,
           acquainting
           the
           Governour
           ,
           that
           the
           Polaroons
           had
           a
           design
           with
           the
           help
           of
           the
           People
           of
           Serran
           in
           their
           Curricurries
           ,
           to
           massacree
           all
           the
           Dutch
           in
           Polaroon
           ,
           and
           Polaway
           .
           Immediately
           upon
           the
           indicium
           of
           this
           
           Malefactor
           ,
           the
           Governour
           sent
           for
           the
           Orankes
           to
           him
           ,
           of
           whom
           seventy
           came
           ,
           which
           he
           secured
           ,
           they
           knowing
           nothing
           of
           his
           design
           ;
           and
           presently
           sent
           two
           hundred
           Men
           to
           Polaroon
           to
           secure
           the
           rest
           ;
           having
           taken
           them
           Prisoners
           and
           brought
           to
           the
           Castle
           at
           Nera
           ,
           they
           were
           secured
           with
           water
           and
           fire
           ,
           as
           afterwards
           those
           of
           Amboyna
           were
           ;
           two
           dyed
           on
           the
           Torture
           ,
           and
           the
           rest
           ,
           which
           were
           one
           Hundred
           and
           sixty
           ,
           upon
           their
           own
           forced
           confessions
           ,
           were
           condemned
           and
           executed
           ;
           the
           Women
           were
           forthwith
           removed
           from
           Palaroon
           ,
           and
           distributed
           into
           other
           Islands
           ,
           subject
           to
           the
           Dutch
           ,
           leaving
           that
           place
           destitute
           of
           the
           help
           of
           the
           Country
           people
           ,
           without
           whom
           ,
           neither
           the
           Dutch
           nor
           English
           ,
           can
           maintain
           their
           Trade
           in
           the
           Indies
           .
        
         
           Neither
           did
           their
           Treacheries
           ,
           Wrongs
           ,
           and
           Abuses
           ,
           center
           here
           only
           ,
           but
           strecht
           themselves
           out
           from
           East
           to
           the
           
             West
             Indies
          
           ,
           practising
           
           and
           perpetrating
           such
           inhumanities
           and
           injuries
           ,
           as
           are
           not
           fit
           for
           Christians
           to
           nominate
           .
           For
           instance
           ,
           be
           pleased
           to
           observe
           ,
           that
           the
           Colonies
           of
           New-England
           ,
           consisting
           of
           several
           Governments
           ,
           have
           the
           Dutch
           setled
           on
           the
           South-west
           of
           them
           ,
           at
           the
           
           Manatha's
           or
           the
           New-Netherlands
           ;
           and
           the
           French
           to
           the
           North-east
           ,
           along
           the
           great
           River
           of
           Canada
           ,
           who
           till
           of
           late
           have
           held
           a
           Friendly
           correspondence
           ,
           and
           have
           afforded
           each
           other
           a
           mutual
           assistance
           against
           the
           common
           Enemy
           ,
           the
           barbarous
           Indians
           .
        
         
           About
           the
           Year
           1646.
           the
           Dutch
           being
           reduced
           to
           a
           great
           exigence
           ,
           and
           strait
           ,
           by
           the
           Indians
           :
           implored
           the
           English
           aid
           and
           assistance
           ,
           which
           immediately
           was
           sent
           them
           ,
           under
           the
           command
           of
           one
           Captain
           Underhil
           ,
           a
           Gentleman
           of
           excellent
           Courage
           ,
           Prudence
           ,
           and
           Conduct
           ,
           who
           prizing
           Christian
           blood
           ,
           beyond
           Indian
           Wealth
           and
           Treasure
           ,
           (
           being
           proffered
           an
           Hog
           shead
           of
           their
           Wampam
           
           
             Pege
             ,
             Indian
          
           Money
           ,
           to
           withdraw
           the
           English
           Forces
           ,
           )
           slighted
           their
           offer
           ,
           and
           fell
           on
           those
           Infidels
           ,
           in
           vindication
           of
           the
           Dutch
           ,
           cutting
           off
           in
           one
           night
           ,
           fourteen
           hundred
           of
           them
           ,
           not
           without
           the
           loss
           of
           
             English
             blood
          
           considerably
           ,
           and
           all
           to
           resettle
           (
           with
           the
           Assistance
           of
           the
           Almighty
           ,
           )
           the
           Hollander
           in
           Peace
           and
           Safety
           .
        
         
           But
           Ingratitude
           over-clouding
           these
           Heroick
           Actions
           ,
           and
           their
           accustomed
           Treacherous
           ,
           and
           barbarous
           Cruelty
           ,
           extending
           it self
           from
           East
           to
           West
           ,
           running
           in
           its
           proper
           Channel
           of
           Dutch
           infidelity
           ,
           quickly
           sought
           out
           their
           Neighbours
           ,
           their
           noble
           Friends
           and
           Defenders
           ,
           the
           English
           :
           and
           nothing
           would
           serve
           the
           turn
           ,
           but
           that
           they
           must
           return
           Destruction
           ,
           for
           being
           the
           happy
           instruments
           of
           their
           then
           and
           former
           preservation
           ;
           this
           their
           unworthy
           inequality
           of
           retribution
           (
           without
           puting
           into
           the
           ballance
           their
           former
           and
           latter
           inexpressible
           ingratitudes
           )
           is
           
           enough
           to
           Chronicle
           the
           Hollander
           ,
           Perfidious
           ,
           Ungrateful
           ,
           Bloody
           ,
           and
           Cruel
           .
        
         
           It
           is
           no
           difficult
           matter
           to
           make
           it
           appear
           ,
           how
           they
           about
           six
           years
           after
           indeavoured
           to
           repay
           the
           English
           kindness
           by
           their
           ruine
           :
           for
           in
           March
           1653.
           with
           presents
           and
           large
           promises
           ,
           they
           instigated
           and
           hired
           four
           of
           the
           grand
           Princes
           of
           those
           Territories
           ,
           a
           fierce
           barbarous
           and
           bloody
           People
           ,
           fit
           Instruments
           for
           so
           horrid
           a
           design
           ,
           on
           a
           Sabbath
           day
           ,
           when
           all
           Families
           were
           at
           Divine
           Worship
           unexpectedly
           to
           fall
           on
           the
           English
           and
           to
           burn
           and
           slay
           what
           possibly
           they
           could
           ;
           and
           for
           the
           better
           perfecting
           this
           Diabolical
           Plot
           ,
           they
           supplyed
           the
           Indians
           with
           Arms
           and
           Ammunition
           ,
           which
           were
           dispersed
           in
           all
           their
           habitations
           ,
           they
           having
           a
           Ship
           sent
           them
           on
           purpose
           from
           Holland
           ,
           with
           all
           necessary
           tools
           ,
           fo●
           the
           acting
           a
           second
           Amboyna
           Tragedy
           .
        
         
           But
           the
           Omnipotent
           God
           (
           who
           
           hath
           ever
           been
           a
           most
           merciful
           Protector
           of
           the
           English
           in
           those
           parts
           ,
           as
           in
           the
           
             Pequet
             War
          
           ,
           &c.
           )
           did
           through
           his
           infinite
           goodness
           ,
           most
           timely
           ,
           before
           the
           bloody
           day
           of
           acting
           ,
           cause
           an
           Indian
           that
           should
           have
           been
           an
           Executioner
           ,
           to
           be
           a
           revealing
           Deliverer
           ,
           who
           informed
           the
           Magistrates
           of
           Boston
           ,
           of
           the
           Dutch
           and
           Indians
           bloody
           intentions
           ;
           whereupon
           they
           requested
           several
           Merchants
           of
           that
           Town
           ,
           with
           all
           expedition
           ,
           to
           march
           forth
           toward
           the
           Indian
           habitations
           ,
           to
           see
           what
           they
           could
           discover
           .
           The
           first
           Wigwambs
           or
           Indian
           Houses
           they
           searcht
           ,
           they
           found
           them
           full
           of
           Arms
           and
           Ammunition
           ,
           (
           which
           have
           ever
           been
           prohibited
           the
           Indians
           by
           the
           English
           )
           all
           their
           Musquets
           were
           charged
           with
           Powder
           and
           Ball
           ,
           which
           ,
           with
           some
           of
           the
           principal
           Indians
           ,
           were
           carried
           to
           Boston
           ;
           who
           upon
           examination
           confessed
           the
           Dutch
           had
           set
           them
           a
           work
           :
           all
           that
           we
           could
           then
           doe
           ,
           was
           but
           to
           put
           our selves
           
           in
           our
           best
           Posture
           of
           Defence
           .
        
         
           Having
           thus
           given
           you
           a
           summary
           account
           of
           some
           of
           their
           cruelties
           ,
           I
           cannot
           omit
           one
           particular
           passage
           ,
           Chronicled
           by
           themselves
           ,
           wherein
           you
           may
           see
           in
           the
           cruel
           disposition
           of
           one
           ,
           the
           bloody
           inclination
           of
           the
           whole
           Flemish
           Nation
           .
        
         
           At
           the
           Siedg
           of
           Leyden
           ,
           a
           Fort
           being
           held
           by
           the
           Spanish
           Party
           ,
           was
           after
           taken
           by
           the
           Dutch
           by
           assault
           or
           storm
           .
           The
           Defendants
           according
           to
           the
           Law
           of
           Arms
           ,
           were
           put
           to
           the
           sword
           ,
           where
           one
           of
           the
           Dutch
           ,
           in
           the
           fury
           of
           the
           slaughter
           ,
           ript
           up
           the
           Captains
           body
           ,
           and
           with
           a
           barbarous
           hand
           tore
           out
           the
           yet
           living
           heart
           ,
           panting
           among
           the
           reeking
           bowels
           ;
           then
           with
           his
           teeth
           rent
           it
           ,
           still
           warm
           with
           blood
           ,
           into
           gobbets
           ,
           which
           he
           did
           spit
           over
           the
           Battlements
           ,
           in
           defiance
           to
           the
           rest
           of
           the
           Army
           .
        
         
           Now
           as
           we
           have
           with
           brevity
           displayed
           the
           cruelty
           and
           treachery
           of
           the
           Nature
           and
           Actions
           of
           the
           Hollander
           ,
           
           both
           at
           home
           and
           abroad
           ,
           so
           we
           must
           not
           forget
           what
           hath
           been
           by
           them
           committed
           ,
           since
           the
           year
           1660.
           
           At
           which
           time
           it
           was
           his
           Majesties
           particular
           care
           ,
           to
           conclude
           a
           strict
           League
           with
           the
           States
           General
           of
           the
           
             United
             Provinces
          
           ,
           upon
           such
           equal
           Terms
           as
           would
           certainly
           not
           have
           been
           broken
           ,
           if
           any
           Obligations
           could
           have
           kept
           them
           within
           the
           bounds
           of
           Justice
           ,
           or
           Friendship
           :
           this
           League
           was
           inviolably
           kept
           and
           maintained
           on
           his
           .
           But
           in
           the
           year
           1664.
           such
           and
           so
           many
           were
           the
           
           complaints
           of
           his
           Majesties
           Subjects
           ,
           abused
           and
           wronged
           by
           the
           ungrateful
           Hollander
           ,
           that
           the
           King
           ,
           with
           the
           Unanimous
           vote
           of
           both
           Houses
           of
           Parliament
           ,
           was
           provoked
           to
           war
           ,
           finding
           it
           a
           vain
           attempt
           to
           indeavour
           the
           prosperity
           of
           the
           three
           Kingdoms
           ,
           by
           peaceable
           wayes
           at
           home
           ,
           whilst
           the
           People
           thereof
           were
           still
           exposed
           to
           the
           injuries
           and
           oppressions
           of
           the
           States
           abroad
           .
           
           His
           Majesty
           spent
           a
           whole
           Summer
           in
           negotiations
           and
           indeavours
           ,
           to
           bring
           them
           to
           reasonable
           terms
           ▪
           which
           ,
           notwithstanding
           all
           He
           could
           do
           proved
           at
           length
           ineffectual
           ,
           for
           the
           more
           his
           Majesty
           pursued
           them
           with
           friendly
           Propositions
           ,
           the
           more
           obstinately
           and
           unworthily
           they
           kept
           off
           from
           agreeing
           thereunto
           :
           upon
           this
           ensued
           the
           War
           ,
           in
           the
           year
           1665.
           and
           continued
           to
           the
           year
           1667.
           in
           all
           which
           time
           our
           Victories
           and
           their
           Losses
           were
           memorable
           enough
           ,
           to
           put
           them
           in
           mind
           of
           being
           more
           faithful
           to
           their
           Leagues
           for
           the
           future
           .
        
         
           Which
           Victories
           they
           endeavoured
           to
           stifle
           by
           misreporting
           them
           conquests
           to
           their
           People
           ,
           over
           the
           their
           gallantly
           equipt
           English
           Navy
           ;
           and
           particularly
           that
           of
           the
           third
           of
           June
           ,
           1665.
           under
           the
           conduct
           of
           his
           Royal
           Highness
           the
           Duke
           of
           York
           ,
           Narrative
           whereof
           was
           Printed
           for
           general
           satisfaction
           ,
           and
           to
           preven●
           misreports
           ,
           which
           are
           commonly
           
           through
           ignorance
           ,
           or
           malice
           ,
           begotten
           upon
           occasions
           of
           that
           Nature
           :
           and
           lest
           that
           signal
           Victory
           should
           be
           forgotten
           ,
           in
           short
           ,
           it
           was
           this
           ;
           the
           Dutch
           Fleet
           was
           brought
           on
           our
           Coasts
           (
           in
           all
           probability
           )
           rather
           in
           expectation
           of
           finding
           Ours
           in
           disorder
           ,
           upon
           the
           proceeding
           foul
           weather
           ,
           or
           by
           the
           Reports
           of
           our
           unreadiness
           ;
           then
           from
           their
           own
           innate
           Valour
           ,
           but
           they
           were
           much
           mistaken
           ,
           for
           it
           cost
           his
           Royal
           Highness
           but
           little
           time
           to
           make
           ready
           ,
           his
           fore-going
           care
           ,
           and
           the
           cheerfulness
           of
           our
           men
           ,
           having
           prevented
           all
           hazard
           of
           disorder
           ,
           and
           the
           happy
           arrival
           of
           the
           Colliers
           ,
           haveing
           supplyed
           us
           with
           ,
           what
           we
           only
           wanted
           ,
           Men
           ,
           but
           not
           Courage
           :
           the
           Dutch
           ,
           perceiving
           this
           ,
           stood
           off
           to
           Sea
           ,
           the
           number
           of
           their
           Ships
           being
           one
           Hundred
           and
           ten
           Sail
           ,
           besides
           ten
           Fire
           Ships
           ;
           we
           followed
           them
           till
           that
           Evening
           ,
           and
           the
           next
           day
           forced
           them
           to
           fight
           :
           upon
           the
           whole
           matter
           ,
           it
           pleased
           God
           to
           give
           his
           Majesty
           
           a
           great
           and
           signal
           Victory
           ,
           the
           Enemy
           being
           driven
           into
           the
           Texe●…
           as
           far
           as
           the
           draught
           of
           water
           ,
           and
           the
           condition
           of
           our
           Ships
           would
           permit
           ,
           the
           day
           being
           also
           very
           far
           spent
           the
           summe
           of
           all
           is
           ,
           the
           Enemie●…
           whole
           Fleet
           was
           defeated
           ,
           Thirty
           of
           them
           burnt
           or
           taken
           ,
           Opdam
           with
           his
           Ship
           ,
           blown
           up
           ,
           as
           is
           supposed
           by
           a
           lucky
           shot
           in
           the
           Powder-room
           ;
           most
           of
           their
           Admirals
           killed
           ,
           with
           many
           more
           of
           their
           Principal
           Officers
           ;
           and
           according
           to
           their
           general
           computation
           ,
           eight
           Thousand
           Seamen
           and
           Soldiers
           ;
           on
           our
           side
           only
           one
           Ship
           lost
           ,
           with
           some
           other
           slight
           damage
           .
           The
           God
           of
           Heaven
           be
           praised
           for
           preserving
           his
           Royal
           Highness
           ,
           to
           be
           the
           great
           instrument
           of
           so
           signal
           a
           success
           ,
           and
           continuing
           him
           to
           the
           perfecting
           this
           
             great
             work
          
           in
           hand
           ,
           to
           the
           honour
           of
           his
           Majesty
           ,
           and
           the
           welfare
           of
           his
           People
           .
        
         
           And
           that
           you
           may
           trace
           them
           farther
           ,
           in
           their
           unworthiness
           and
           ingratitude
           ,
           this
           Victory
           ,
           with
           the
           fear
           
           of
           being
           made
           no
           People
           ,
           had
           no
           sooner
           brought
           them
           on
           their
           knees
           ,
           and
           his
           Majesty
           out
           of
           his
           accustomed
           Clemency
           ,
           and
           Commiseration
           ,
           had
           received
           them
           into
           favour
           ,
           by
           making
           Peace
           with
           them
           ,
           but
           they
           returned
           to
           their
           usual
           custom
           ,
           of
           breaking
           Articles
           ,
           and
           supplanting
           our
           Trade
           .
           
             For
             instance
             ,
             the
             States
             were
             particularly
             ingaged
             ,
             in
             an
             Article
             of
             the
             Treaty
             at
          
           Breda
           ,
           
             to
             send
             Commissioners
             to
             his
             Majesty
             at
          
           London
           ,
           
             about
             the
             Regulation
             of
             our
             Trade
             ,
             in
             the
          
           East
           Indies
           ,
           
             but
             they
             were
             so
             far
             from
             doing
             it
             on
             that
             obligation
             ,
             that
             when
             an
             Ambassador
             was
             sent
             over
             ,
             to
             put
             them
             in
             mind
             of
             it
             ,
             He
             could
             not
             in
             three
             years
             time
             ,
             get
             from
             them
             any
             satisfaction
             ,
             in
             the
             material
             points
             ,
             nor
             a
             forbearance
             of
             the
             wrongs
             his
             Majesties
             Subjects
             received
             in
             those
             parts
             .
          
        
         
           To
           give
           you
           an
           account
           of
           every
           particular
           wrong
           ,
           and
           injury
           ,
           the
           English
           suffered
           by
           the
           Dutch
           ,
           in
           their
           
             East
             India
          
           factory
           ,
           would
           be
           a
           
           Task
           as
           difficult
           to
           do
           ,
           as
           to
           tell
           the
           spokes
           of
           a
           running
           Coach-wheele
           ;
           let
           it
           suffice
           ,
           his
           Majestie
           is
           throughly
           sensible
           of
           them
           ,
           from
           the
           just
           and
           miserable
           complaints
           of
           the
           Sufferers
           ,
           and
           will
           now
           with
           Gods
           Assistance
           ,
           now
           call
           them
           to
           a
           severe
           account
           ,
           for
           all
           their
           insufferable
           wrongs
           and
           abuses
           ,
           which
           the
           East
           could
           not
           contain
           ;
           and
           therefore
           they
           went
           a
           little
           farther
           in
           the
           
             West
             Indies
          
           .
        
         
           For
           by
           an
           Article
           in
           the
           same
           Treaty
           ,
           his
           Majesty
           was
           to
           restore
           Surinam
           into
           their
           hands
           ,
           and
           by
           Articles
           upon
           the
           Place
           confirmed
           by
           that
           Treaty
           ,
           they
           were
           to
           give
           liberty
           to
           all
           the
           King
           of
           Englands
           subjects
           ,
           in
           that
           Colony
           ,
           to
           transport
           themselves
           ,
           and
           their
           Estates
           ,
           into
           any
           other
           of
           his
           Majesties
           Plantations
           .
           In
           pursuance
           of
           this
           agreement
           ,
           the
           place
           was
           delivered
           up
           ,
           and
           yet
           they
           detained
           all
           our
           men
           in
           it
           ,
           only
           one
           emiminent
           Person
           they
           sent
           away
           prisoner
           ,
           
           for
           but
           desiring
           to
           remove
           according
           to
           the
           Articles
           .
        
         
           To
           what
           a
           height
           will
           this
           insolence
           and
           perfidiousness
           of
           theirs
           arrive
           to
           ,
           if
           not
           timely
           check't
           and
           prevented
           ?
           How
           arrogant
           and
           presumptious
           will
           they
           be
           ,
           if
           the
           bladder
           of
           their
           pride
           ,
           blown
           up
           with
           violence
           ,
           and
           oppression
           ,
           be
           not
           suddenly
           prick't
           ,
           and
           so
           let
           out
           the
           airy
           opinion
           of
           their
           supposed
           strength
           ,
           and
           greatness
           ;
           I
           know
           not
           what
           their
           arrogance
           and
           ambition
           ,
           may
           prompt
           their
           precipitate
           indeavours
           ,
           but
           if
           they
           think
           that
           our
           God
           above
           is
           deaf
           ,
           and
           doth
           not
           hear
           the
           loud
           cryes
           of
           the
           injured
           ,
           and
           oppressed
           ,
           and
           that
           his
           Vice-gerent
           ,
           here
           on
           Earth
           ,
           the
           King
           of
           England
           ,
           will
           not
           endeavour
           the
           redress
           of
           his
           abused
           Person
           and
           People
           ,
           they
           are
           worse
           then
           that
           impudent
           Impostor
           ,
           who
           in
           despight
           of
           his
           Saviour
           ,
           threw
           his
           dagger
           into
           the
           air
           ,
           as
           if
           he
           would
           have
           stab'd
           Heaven
           therewith
           ,
           but
           was
           at
           last
           forc't
           to
           confess
           ,
           
           
             Vincisti
             me
             Galilaee
          
           .
        
         
           They
           will
           now
           find
           ,
           I
           hope
           ,
           a
           good
           God
           to
           direct
           a
           great
           and
           gracious
           Prince
           ,
           how
           to
           punish
           such
           a
           vild
           and
           ingrateful
           People
           :
           not
           so
           supinous
           or
           careless
           ,
           as
           the
           Dutch
           abusively
           have
           pictured
           him
           ,
           with
           his
           hand
           in
           his
           Pockets
           ,
           as
           an
           idle-spectator
           ,
           looking
           on
           his
           Ships
           as
           they
           burn'd
           at
           Chatham
           .
           I
           confess
           it
           was
           a
           suddain
           hot
           Feaverish
           fit
           ,
           and
           unexpected
           but
           let
           them
           have
           a
           care
           they
           have
           not
           many
           thousand
           shaking
           cold
           ones
           for
           it
           .
        
         
           —
           
             Nec
             Surdum
             ,
             nec
             Tiresiam
             quenquam
             esse
             Deorum
             .
          
        
         
           —
           
             They
             'l
             find
             None
             of
             the
             Gods
             are
             either
             deaf
             or
             blind
             .
          
        
         
           But
           to
           return
           where
           I
           left
           off
           ,
           my
           passion
           carrying
           me
           a
           little
           from
           my
           present
           subject
           ,
           though
           not
           from
           the
           present
           purpose
           .
           Our
           Ambassadour
           
           complaining
           of
           this
           behaviour
           ,
           after
           two
           years
           sollicitation
           ,
           obtained
           an
           Order
           for
           the
           performance
           of
           these
           Articles
           ,
           but
           Commissioners
           being
           sent
           ,
           and
           two
           Ships
           to
           bring
           our
           Men
           away
           ,
           the
           Hollanders
           according
           to
           their
           former
           practises
           ,
           sent
           private
           Orders
           contradictory
           to
           these
           they
           had
           owned
           in
           publick
           ,
           whereby
           our
           Commissioners
           journy
           thither
           ,
           was
           to
           no
           other
           effect
           ,
           then
           to
           bring
           away
           the
           poorer
           sort
           of
           people
           ,
           and
           the
           prayers
           and
           cries
           of
           the
           wealthier
           for
           releif
           out
           of
           that
           captivity
           .
           Whither
           this
           practice
           participate
           not
           of
           the
           Nature
           of
           Hell
           ,
           I
           will
           give
           any
           rational
           Man
           leave
           to
           judge
           ;
           since
           the
           mouth
           of
           that
           infernal
           place
           stands
           alwaies
           gaping
           to
           receive
           ,
           but
           will
           let
           none
           out
           .
           Thus
           notwithstanding
           his
           Majesty
           made
           complaints
           by
           Letters
           ,
           to
           the
           States
           of
           Holland
           ,
           of
           this
           unjust
           detention
           ,
           yet
           never
           received
           one
           word
           of
           satisfaction
           .
        
         
           It
           is
           not
           to
           be
           wondred
           that
           they
           
           venture
           on
           these
           outrages
           upon
           the
           English
           in
           remote
           parts
           ,
           when
           they
           dare
           be
           so
           bold
           ,
           with
           his
           Majesties
           Royal
           Person
           ,
           in
           their
           abusive
           pictures
           ,
           so
           grosly
           ,
           that
           as
           it
           is
           not
           fit
           to
           be
           named
           ;
           so
           none
           but
           a
           beastly
           boarish
           Flemming
           would
           do
           it
           .
           But
           let
           
             De
             Wit
          
           look
           to
           it
           ,
           he
           that
           would
           have
           the
           States
           of
           Hollands
           Arms
           over
           his
           head
           ,
           and
           that
           of
           England
           pictured
           under
           his
           feet
           ,
           I
           question
           not
           but
           he
           will
           find
           that
           the
           Belgick
           Lyon
           with
           his
           crack't
           Sheafe
           of
           Arrowes
           ,
           cannot
           defend
           his
           sides
           from
           being
           gored
           by
           the
           Enlish
           Unicorn
           .
           Yet
           still
           see
           is
           in
           bearing
           these
           Majesty
           was
           ,
           and
           still
           is
           in
           bearing
           these
           matchless
           contumelies
           and
           abuses
           ,
           represented
           in
           Pictures
           ,
           false
           Historical
           Medals
           ,
           and
           Pillars
           ,
           this
           one
           would
           think
           sufficient
           to
           exasperate
           his
           Majestie
           into
           an
           high
           displeasure
           ,
           since
           it
           is
           so
           evilly
           rescented
           by
           all
           his
           Majesties
           loving
           Subjects
           ,
           and
           will
           undoubtedly
           be
           revenged
           :
           but
           his
           Majesty
           graciously
           declares
           ,
           it
           is
           not
           what
           relates
           to
           his
           particular
           
           Self
           ,
           but
           the
           safety
           of
           our
           Trade
           ,
           upon
           which
           the
           wealth
           and
           prosperity
           of
           England
           depends
           ,
           the
           preservation
           of
           his
           people
           abroad
           from
           violence
           and
           oppression
           :
           and
           the
           Hollanders
           daring
           to
           affront
           us
           ,
           almost
           within
           our
           very
           Ports
           ,
           which
           move
           his
           just
           indignation
           against
           them
           ;
           and
           what
           English-man
           will
           not
           be
           assisting
           with
           his
           life
           and
           estate
           ,
           in
           so
           just
           a
           cause
           ,
           wherein
           the
           honour
           of
           his
           King
           ,
           and
           the
           welfare
           and
           safety
           of
           all
           his
           temporal
           concerns
           consist
           :
           surely
           if
           we
           have
           left
           any
           thing
           of
           an
           English
           spirit
           ,
           we
           cannot
           but
           be
           herein
           active
           ,
           and
           as
           England
           never
           wanted
           men
           of
           courage
           ,
           so
           I
           hope
           she
           will
           not
           want
           power
           (
           if
           confidence
           may
           be
           put
           in
           the
           Arm
           of
           flesh
           )
           to
           chastise
           the
           Insolencies
           of
           our
           Enemies
           .
        
         
           Who
           would
           have
           thought
           they
           durst
           have
           disputed
           the
           right
           of
           the
           Flag
           ,
           a
           Prerogative
           so
           Ancient
           ;
           it
           was
           one
           of
           the
           first
           of
           his
           Majesties
           Predecessors
           ,
           and
           ought
           to
           be
           the
           last
           from
           which
           this
           Kingdome
           
           should
           ever
           depart
           ;
           it
           was
           heretofore
           by
           them
           never
           questioned
           ,
           and
           I
           know
           not
           how
           it
           should
           ,
           it
           was
           expresly
           acknowledged
           in
           the
           Treaty
           at
           Breda
           ,
           and
           yet
           it
           was
           not
           only
           violated
           last
           Summer
           ,
           but
           afterwards
           justified
           and
           represented
           by
           them
           abroad
           as
           ridiculous
           for
           us
           to
           demand
           .
           His
           Majestic
           may
           well
           call
           this
           an
           ungrateful
           insolence
           ,
           since
           in
           the
           time
           of
           King
           James
           ,
           and
           King
           Charles
           ,
           they
           never
           left
           cringing
           ,
           till
           they
           got
           a
           permission
           to
           fish
           in
           our
           Narrow
           Seas
           ,
           and
           thought
           it
           an
           high
           obligation
           ,
           although
           they
           paid
           a
           large
           Tribute
           for
           so
           doing
           ;
           large
           did
           I
           call
           it
           !
           no
           ,
           but
           small
           ,
           considering
           the
           vast
           benefit
           that
           did
           accrew
           unto
           them
           thereby
           .
           And
           now
           I
           think
           it
           will
           not
           be
           amiss
           ,
           here
           in
           this
           place
           ,
           to
           give
           you
           some
           account
           of
           this
           fishing-trade
           ,
           according
           to
           my
           best
           information
           .
        
         
           The
           Coasts
           of
           
             Great
             Britain
          
           ,
           do
           yeild
           such
           a
           continual
           Sea-harvest
           ,
           to
           all
           those
           who
           with
           diligence
           labour
           
           in
           the
           same
           ,
           that
           no
           time
           or
           season
           elapseth
           in
           the
           year
           ,
           in
           which
           industrious
           men
           may
           not
           employ
           themselves
           in
           fishing
           ,
           which
           continueth
           from
           the
           beginning
           of
           the
           year
           ,
           to
           the
           latter
           end
           ,
           in
           some
           Port
           or
           other
           upon
           Coasts
           ;
           and
           therein
           such
           infinite
           shoales
           of
           Fishes
           are
           offered
           to
           the
           Takers
           ,
           as
           may
           justly
           move
           admiration
           :
           the
           Hollander
           I
           am
           sure
           is
           not
           ignorant
           hereof
           .
        
         
           The
           Summer
           fishing
           for
           Herrings
           ,
           begins
           about
           Midsummer
           ,
           and
           lasteth
           to
           the
           latter
           end
           of
           August
           :
           the
           Winter
           fishing
           for
           Herring
           ,
           lasteth
           from
           September
           to
           the
           mid'st
           of
           November
           ;
           both
           which
           extend
           from
           Bughoness
           in
           Scotland
           ,
           to
           the
           Thames
           mouth
           .
        
         
           The
           fishing
           for
           Cod
           ,
           at
           
             Almby
             ,
             Wirkinton
          
           ,
           and
           White-haven
           ,
           from
           Easter
           to
           Whitsontide
           .
        
         
           The
           Fishing
           of
           Hake
           at
           
             Haberdeny
             ,
             Abarswith
          
           ,
           and
           other
           places
           between
           Wales
           and
           Ireland
           ,
           from
           Whitsontide
           to
           Saint
           James-tide
           .
        
         
         
           The
           Fishing
           of
           Cod
           and
           Ling
           ,
           about
           Padstow
           ,
           within
           the
           Lands
           ,
           and
           Severn
           from
           Christ-tide
           ,
           to
           Midlent
           .
        
         
           The
           Fishing
           for
           Cod
           ,
           on
           the
           West
           part
           of
           Ireland
           ,
           from
           the
           beginning
           of
           April
           ,
           to
           the
           latter
           end
           of
           June
           .
        
         
           The
           Fishing
           of
           Pilchars
           ,
           on
           the
           West
           of
           England
           from
           St.
           James-tide
           to
           September
           .
        
         
           The
           Fishing
           for
           great
           Scalping
           ,
           and
           many
           other
           sorts
           of
           Fish
           ,
           about
           the
           Islands
           of
           Scotland
           ,
           and
           in
           several
           parts
           of
           the
           Brittish
           Seas
           all
           the
           year
           long
           .
        
         
           And
           that
           you
           may
           know
           what
           plenty
           of
           fish
           we
           have
           in
           our
           Seas
           ,
           not
           many
           years
           since
           ,
           upon
           the
           Coasts
           of
           Devonshire
           ,
           in
           one
           day
           were
           taken
           five
           hundred
           Tun
           of
           fish
           ,
           and
           about
           the
           same
           time
           three
           thousand
           pounds
           worth
           of
           fish
           in
           one
           day
           ,
           were
           taken
           at
           St.
           Ives
           by
           Cornwal
           in
           small
           Boats
           ,
           others
           of
           the
           same
           Party
           adventuring
           in
           a
           Calm
           ,
           among
           the
           Holland
           Busses
           ,
           not
           far
           from
           Robinhoods-bay
           ,
           
           returned
           presently
           to
           Whitby
           ,
           full
           fraught
           with
           Herrings
           ;
           and
           reported
           ,
           that
           they
           saw
           some
           of
           those
           Busses
           take
           ten
           ,
           twenty
           ,
           and
           four
           and
           twenty
           Lasts
           of
           Herrings
           at
           a
           draught
           ,
           most
           of
           them
           returning
           with
           an
           hundred
           Lasts
           of
           Herrings
           in
           one
           Buss
           ,
           into
           Holland
           .
        
         
           At
           another
           time
           it
           was
           observed
           ,
           that
           a
           Fleet
           of
           Colliers
           returning
           from
           New-Castle
           to
           London
           ,
           about
           the
           Well
           near
           Flamborough-head
           ,
           met
           with
           such
           multitude
           of
           
             Cod
             ,
             Ling
          
           ,
           and
           Herrings
           ,
           that
           one
           among
           the
           rest
           ,
           drew
           up
           in
           a
           small
           time
           ,
           as
           many
           as
           were
           sold
           for
           neer
           upon
           as
           much
           as
           her
           whole
           lading
           of
           Coales
           amounted
           to
           ,
           and
           some
           hundreds
           of
           Ships
           might
           have
           been
           there
           laden
           in
           two
           dayes
           and
           two
           nights
           .
        
         
           Out
           of
           which
           wonderful
           affluence
           and
           abundance
           of
           Fish
           swarming
           upon
           our
           Seas
           ,
           that
           we
           the
           better
           perceive
           the
           infinite
           gain
           which
           the
           Dutch
           make
           thereof
           ,
           and
           by
           that
           means
           ,
           how
           infinitely
           beholding
           they
           
           unto
           us
           ,
           I
           shall
           insist
           upon
           the
           number
           of
           fishing
           Vessels
           ,
           they
           have
           formerly
           and
           lately
           imployed
           upon
           our
           coasts
           ,
           and
           by
           their
           vast
           income
           ,
           how
           they
           have
           increased
           ,
           in
           Shipping
           ,
           in
           Mariners
           ,
           in
           Trade
           ,
           in
           Towns
           and
           Fortifications
           ,
           in
           Power
           abroad
           ,
           in
           publick
           Revenue
           ,
           in
           private
           Wealth
           ;
           and
           lastly
           ,
           in
           all
           manner
           of
           Provisions
           ,
           and
           store
           of
           things
           necessary
           .
        
         
           How
           poor
           and
           low
           these
           
             Hoghen
             Moghens
          
           were
           ,
           in
           Q.
           Elizabeths
           time
           ,
           is
           unknown
           to
           few
           ;
           at
           which
           time
           France
           tyred
           with
           labour
           ,
           the
           striving
           of
           her
           own
           Children
           ,
           had
           caused
           in
           the
           bowels
           of
           her
           state
           ,
           and
           child
           by
           the
           cold
           distrust
           conceived
           of
           the
           revolted
           Hollanders
           success
           ,
           (
           rebelling
           against
           their
           lawful
           Soveraign
           )
           deserted
           them
           into
           despair
           ,
           as
           well
           as
           other
           Neighbouring
           Princes
           :
           then
           may
           they
           remember
           ,
           how
           England
           opened
           her
           tender
           arms
           ,
           to
           receive
           their
           Fugitives
           ,
           and
           her
           purse
           to
           pay
           their
           Soldiers
           :
           so
           that
           a
           foot
           of
           ground
           cannot
           
           be
           called
           theirs
           ,
           that
           owes
           not
           a
           third
           part
           to
           the
           expence
           ,
           Valour
           ,
           or
           Counsel
           of
           the
           English
           ,
           of
           whom
           such
           glorious
           spirits
           have
           expired
           in
           their
           defence
           ,
           as
           have
           been
           thought
           at
           too
           too
           mean
           a
           rate
           ,
           to
           double
           the
           value
           of
           what
           they
           thought
           for
           .
        
         
           Did
           not
           the
           English
           dispute
           their
           Title
           at
           Ostend
           ,
           till
           they
           had
           no
           Earth
           to
           plead
           on
           ,
           the
           very
           ground
           failing
           them
           before
           their
           Vallours
           ;
           yet
           whilst
           fighting
           there
           ,
           not
           only
           against
           the
           Flower
           of
           the
           Spanish
           Army
           ,
           but
           the
           Plague
           ,
           Hunger
           ,
           and
           cold
           despair
           ;
           so
           that
           it
           may
           be
           said
           without
           Hyperbole
           ,
           the
           Nobility
           and
           Gentry
           ,
           Queen
           Elizabeth
           lost
           ,
           doubled
           the
           number
           ,
           the
           cruelty
           of
           Spains
           great
           Philip
           had
           left
           you
           .
        
         
           The
           Assistance
           that
           wise
           Queen
           gave
           them
           ,
           was
           good
           self-policy
           ;
           she
           made
           them
           able
           to
           defend
           themselves
           against
           Spain
           ,
           and
           was
           so
           at
           the
           Pole
           ;
           but
           they
           who
           inable
           them
           to
           offend
           others
           ,
           as
           her
           successors
           have
           done
           ,
           have
           gone
           beyond
           it
           
           questionless
           had
           this
           Thorne
           been
           removed
           out
           of
           the
           Spaniards
           side
           ,
           he
           might
           have
           been
           feared
           too
           soon
           ,
           to
           grasp
           his
           long
           intended
           Monarchy
           ,
           were
           the
           Spaniard
           possessed
           Lord
           of
           the
           Low-Countries
           ,
           or
           had
           the
           States
           General
           the
           wealth
           and
           power
           of
           Spain
           ,
           the
           rest
           of
           Europe
           ,
           might
           be
           like
           a
           People
           at
           Sea
           ,
           in
           a
           Ship
           on
           Fire
           ,
           that
           could
           only
           chuse
           whither
           they
           would
           drown
           or
           burn
           .
        
         
           We
           have
           cherished
           this
           starveling
           Viper
           too
           long
           in
           our
           warm
           bosomes
           ,
           and
           now
           doth
           not
           only
           hiss
           at
           ,
           but
           indeavour
           to
           sting
           those
           who
           brought
           them
           to
           life
           ,
           from
           almost
           an
           irremediless
           condition
           .
        
         
           Since
           we
           succoured
           them
           abroad
           ,
           and
           gave
           them
           leave
           to
           fish
           in
           our
           Seas
           ,
           pray
           consider
           their
           vast
           increase
           of
           Shipping
           .
        
         
           They
           had
           many
           years
           since
           ,
           seven
           hundred
           Strand-boats
           ,
           four
           hundred
           Evars
           ,
           and
           four
           hundred
           Gallies
           ,
           Drivers
           and
           Jod-boats
           ,
           wherewith
           the
           Hollanders
           fisht
           on
           
           their
           Coasts
           ,
           every
           one
           of
           these
           employing
           another
           Ship
           ,
           to
           fetch
           Salt
           ,
           and
           carry
           the
           Fish
           into
           their
           own
           Country
           ;
           being
           in
           all
           three
           thousand
           sail
           ,
           maintaining
           and
           setting
           at
           work
           at
           least
           fourty
           thousand
           Persons
           ,
           Fishers
           ,
           Tradesmen
           ,
           Women
           ,
           and
           Children
           .
        
         
           Besides
           they
           have
           an
           hundred
           Dager-boats
           ,
           one
           hundred
           and
           fifty
           tuns
           a
           peice
           ,
           or
           thereabouts
           ;
           seven
           hundred
           Pinds
           and
           Well-boats
           ,
           from
           sixty
           to
           an
           hundred
           tuns
           a
           peice
           ,
           which
           altogether
           fish
           upon
           the
           Sea
           of
           England
           ,
           and
           Scotland
           ,
           for
           Cod
           and
           Ling
           only
           ,
           and
           these
           too
           for
           the
           most
           employ
           other
           Ships
           ,
           to
           bring
           them
           Salt
           ,
           and
           carry
           the
           Fish
           home
           ,
           making
           in
           all
           sixteen
           hundred
           Ships
           ,
           which
           maintain
           and
           imploy
           at
           least
           four
           thousand
           Persons
           of
           all
           sorts
           .
           For
           the
           Herring
           season
           ,
           they
           have
           at
           least
           sixteen
           hundred
           Busses
           ,
           all
           of
           them
           only
           fishing
           on
           our
           Coasts
           ,
           and
           every
           one
           of
           these
           maketh
           work
           for
           three
           other
           Ships
           which
           
           attend
           her
           ;
           the
           one
           to
           bring
           in
           Salt
           from
           forrein
           parts
           ,
           the
           other
           to
           carry
           that
           Salt
           and
           Cask
           to
           the
           Busses
           ,
           and
           to
           bring
           back
           the
           Herrings
           ,
           and
           the
           third
           to
           transport
           the
           said
           Fish
           into
           forreign
           Countries
           :
           so
           that
           the
           total
           number
           plying
           the
           Herring-fishing
           ,
           is
           six
           thousand
           four
           hundred
           .
        
         
           Moreover
           ,
           they
           have
           four
           hundred
           Vessels
           at
           least
           ,
           that
           take
           Herring
           at
           Yarmouth
           ,
           and
           there
           sell
           them
           for
           ready-money
           :
           so
           that
           the
           Hollander
           (
           besides
           their
           three
           hundred
           Ships
           fishing
           on
           their
           Coasts
           )
           have
           at
           least
           eight
           thousand
           and
           four
           hundred
           Ships
           only
           maintained
           by
           the
           Seas
           of
           
             Great
             Britain
          
           ,
           by
           the
           which
           means
           principally
           ,
           Holland
           being
           not
           so
           big
           ,
           as
           one
           of
           our
           Shires
           in
           England
           ,
           conteining
           not
           above
           twenty
           eight
           miles
           in
           length
           ,
           and
           twenty
           three
           in
           bredth
           ,
           have
           increased
           the
           number
           of
           their
           Shipping
           ,
           to
           at
           least
           ten
           thousand
           sail
           ,
           and
           to
           that
           number
           they
           add
           in
           a
           manner
           daily
           ,
           although
           the
           Country
           it self
           affords
           them
           
           neither
           Materials
           ,
           nor
           Victuals
           ,
           nor
           Merchandise
           to
           be
           accounted
           of
           ,
           towards
           their
           setting
           forth
           .
        
         
           Secondly
           ,
           let
           us
           consider
           the
           increase
           of
           their
           Mariners
           ,
           from
           the
           number
           of
           their
           Ships
           ,
           fishing
           on
           our
           Coasts
           ,
           which
           as
           we
           said
           before
           ,
           were
           eight
           thousand
           four
           hundred
           ,
           we
           must
           allow
           more
           hands
           to
           the
           fishing
           concern
           ,
           then
           for
           bare
           sailing
           ;
           if
           suppose
           ten
           men
           to
           every
           ship
           ,
           one
           with
           another
           ,
           the
           total
           of
           Marriners
           and
           Fishers
           ,
           will
           amount
           to
           fourscore
           and
           four
           thousand
           ;
           out
           of
           which
           number
           ,
           they
           continually
           furnish
           their
           longer
           Voyages
           ,
           to
           all
           parts
           of
           the
           World
           ;
           for
           by
           this
           they
           are
           not
           only
           inabled
           to
           brook
           the
           Sea
           ,
           and
           to
           know
           the
           use
           of
           the
           Tackle
           and
           Compass
           ,
           but
           are
           likewise
           instructed
           in
           Trade
           ,
           and
           in
           the
           Principles
           of
           Navigation
           and
           Pilotage
           ;
           insomuch
           as
           their
           chiefest
           Navigators
           ,
           have
           had
           from
           home
           their
           education
           and
           breeding
           :
           and
           hence
           they
           are
           become
           ,
           as
           skilful
           and
           
           knowing
           in
           all
           the
           Sands
           ,
           Sholes
           ,
           Creeks
           and
           Channels
           belonging
           to
           our
           Coasts
           ,
           as
           the
           best
           of
           our
           Pilots
           .
        
         
           Thirdly
           by
           reason
           of
           those
           multitudes
           of
           Ships
           and
           Mariners
           ,
           they
           have
           extended
           their
           Trade
           to
           all
           parts
           of
           the
           world
           ,
           and
           therein
           (
           to
           speak
           the
           truth
           ,
           )
           have
           out-thrown
           all
           ever
           yet
           have
           used
           the
           Sea
           ,
           many
           Bars
           length
           ,
           exporting
           in
           most
           of
           their
           Voyages
           ,
           Herring
           and
           other
           Fish
           ,
           returning
           in
           exchange
           ,
           the
           several
           commodities
           of
           other
           Countries
           .
        
         
           From
           the
           Southern
           parts
           ,
           as
           
             France
             ,
             Spain
          
           ,
           and
           Portugal
           for
           our
           Herrings
           ,
           they
           return
           Oyl
           ,
           Wine
           ,
           Prunes
           ,
           Hony
           ,
           Wool
           ,
           Grain
           ,
           with
           store
           of
           forraign
           coyn
           ;
           from
           the
           Streights
           ,
           Velvets
           ,
           Sattins
           ,
           and
           all
           sorts
           of
           Silk
           ,
           Allom
           ,
           Currants
           ,
           all
           Grocery
           ware
           ,
           with
           much
           Money
           .
        
         
           From
           the
           East
           Country
           ,
           for
           our
           Herrings
           ,
           they
           bring
           home
           Corn
           ,
           Wax
           ,
           Flax
           ,
           Hemph
           ,
           Pitch
           ,
           Tar
           ,
           
           Soap-ashes
           ,
           Iron
           ,
           Copper
           ,
           Steel
           ,
           Clap-board
           ,
           Wainscoate
           ,
           Masts
           ,
           Timber
           ,
           Deal-boards
           ,
           
           Polish-dollars
           ,
           and
           
           Hungary-gilders
           .
           From
           Germany
           ,
           for
           Herrings
           ,
           and
           other
           Salt-fish
           ;
           Iron
           ,
           Steel
           ,
           Glass
           ,
           Mill-stones
           ,
           Rhenish-wines
           ,
           Battery-plate
           ,
           for
           Armour
           ,
           with
           other
           munitions
           ;
           also
           Silk
           ,
           Velvets
           ,
           Rashes
           ,
           Fustians
           ,
           Poratoes
           ,
           and
           such
           like
           Frankfort
           Commodities
           ,
           with
           store
           of
           Rixdollars
           .
        
         
           From
           Brabant
           ,
           they
           return
           for
           the
           most
           part
           ready-Money
           ,
           with
           some
           Tapestries
           ,
           Sayes
           and
           Hull-shops
           :
           yea
           ,
           some
           of
           our
           Herrings
           are
           carried
           as
           far
           as
           Brasile
           ;
           and
           that
           which
           is
           more
           strange
           ,
           and
           much
           to
           our
           shame
           ,
           above
           four
           hundred
           of
           their
           Ships
           ,
           fish
           with
           ours
           at
           Yarmouth
           within
           Ken
           of
           land
           ,
           uncontrould
           ,
           making
           us
           pay
           ready-money
           for
           our
           fish
           ,
           caught
           by
           them
           on
           our
           shores
           .
        
         
           Fourthly
           ,
           by
           this
           their
           large
           extent
           of
           Trade
           ,
           (
           originally
           derived
           
           from
           the
           benefits
           they
           have
           received
           from
           the
           Kingdom
           of
           England
           ,
           )
           they
           are
           become
           as
           it
           were
           Devisions
           of
           the
           whole
           World
           ,
           whereby
           they
           have
           within
           a
           Century
           or
           more
           of
           years
           ,
           so
           enlarged
           their
           Towns
           ,
           that
           the
           major
           part
           of
           them
           ,
           are
           as
           big
           again
           as
           they
           were
           before
           ;
           for
           instance
           ,
           
             Amsterdam
             ,
             Leyden
          
           ,
           and
           Middle-borough
           ,
           having
           been
           lately
           above
           twice
           enlarged
           ,
           and
           their
           Streets
           and
           Buildings
           so
           orderly
           set
           forth
           ,
           that
           for
           Beauty
           and
           Strength
           ,
           they
           may
           compare
           with
           most
           ,
           upon
           which
           they
           bestow
           infinite
           sums
           of
           Money
           ,
           all
           originally
           flowing
           from
           the
           bounty
           of
           our
           Seas
           ;
           from
           whence
           ,
           by
           their
           labor
           and
           industry
           ,
           they
           derive
           the
           beginnings
           of
           all
           their
           Wealth
           and
           Greatness
           ,
           and
           particularly
           for
           the
           Havens
           of
           the
           aforesaid
           Towns
           ,
           whereof
           some
           of
           them
           cost
           Forty
           ,
           Fifty
           ,
           or
           an
           Hundred
           Thousand
           pounds
           .
        
         
           Fifthly
           ,
           by
           reason
           of
           the
           number
           of
           their
           Shipping
           ,
           and
           Mariners
           ,
           
           and
           so
           great
           a
           Trade
           occasioned
           by
           fishing
           principally
           ,
           they
           have
           not
           only
           strengthned
           and
           fortyfied
           themselves
           at
           home
           ,
           to
           repell
           any
           further
           Polemick
           attempts
           of
           the
           King
           of
           Spain
           ,
           but
           have
           likewise
           stretched
           their
           power
           to
           the
           East
           and
           West-Indies
           ;
           in
           many
           places
           whereof
           they
           are
           Lords
           of
           the
           Sea-coasts
           ,
           and
           have
           likewise
           fortified
           on
           the
           Main
           ,
           where
           the
           King
           and
           People
           are
           subject
           to
           their
           devotion
           ,
           and
           our
           Country-men
           the
           English
           ,
           lying
           open
           to
           all
           the
           out-rages
           ,
           a
           cruel
           and
           imulting
           Tyrant
           can
           inflict
           upon
           them
           .
           So
           formidable
           they
           are
           both
           by
           Sea
           ,
           and
           Land
           ,
           that
           none
           but
           a
           
             Carolus
             a
             Carolo
          
           ,
           knows
           how
           to
           lore
           their
           top-saile
           of
           their
           insufferable
           Pride
           ,
           and
           bring
           by
           the
           Lee
           ,
           their
           matchless
           insolence
           .
        
         
           Sixthly
           ,
           how
           mightily
           the
           publick
           Revenue
           and
           Customes
           of
           the
           State
           are
           increased
           ,
           by
           their
           fishing
           ,
           may
           appear
           in
           that
           about
           forty
           or
           fifty
           years
           since
           ,
           over
           and
           above
           the
           
           Customes
           of
           the
           Merchandize
           ,
           Excises
           ,
           Licenses
           ,
           Waftage
           and
           Lastage
           ,
           there
           was
           paid
           to
           the
           State
           for
           Custom
           of
           Herrings
           ,
           and
           other
           Salt-fish
           ,
           and
           Cask
           paid
           for
           Waftage
           ,
           which
           cometh
           at
           least
           to
           as
           much
           more
           :
           besides
           a
           great
           part
           of
           their
           Fish
           sold
           in
           forraign
           parts
           for
           ready
           money
           ,
           for
           which
           they
           commonly
           export
           for
           the
           finest
           Gold
           and
           Silver
           ;
           and
           coming
           home
           recoyn
           it
           of
           a
           baser
           allay
           ,
           under
           their
           own
           stamp
           ,
           (
           witness
           the
           scarcity
           of
           our
           old
           Gold
           )
           which
           is
           no
           small
           means
           to
           augment
           their
           Treasure
           .
        
         
           Seventhly
           ,
           as
           touching
           their
           private
           wealth
           ,
           it
           will
           appear
           by
           the
           abundance
           of
           Herring
           ,
           and
           other
           fish
           by
           them
           taken
           .
           For
           instance
           ,
           during
           the
           War
           between
           the
           King
           of
           Spain
           ,
           and
           the
           Hollander
           ,
           the
           Dunkirkkers
           ,
           by
           taking
           ,
           spoyling
           ,
           and
           burning
           the
           Busses
           of
           Holland
           ,
           and
           setting
           great
           ransome
           on
           the
           Fishermen
           ,
           enforced
           them
           to
           compound
           for
           great
           Sumns
           of
           Money
           ,
           that
           they
           
           might
           fish
           quietly
           one
           year
           ,
           whereunto
           the
           next
           year
           after
           the
           Fishermen
           among
           themselves
           were
           to
           pay
           a
           dollar
           upon
           every
           last
           of
           Herrings
           ,
           towards
           the
           maintenance
           of
           certain
           Ships
           of
           War
           ,
           to
           convoy
           and
           secure
           them
           in
           their
           fishing
           ;
           by
           reason
           whereof
           ,
           there
           was
           a
           Record
           kept
           of
           the
           several
           last
           of
           Herrings
           taken
           that
           year
           ,
           and
           it
           appeared
           thereby
           ,
           that
           in
           one
           half
           year
           ,
           there
           was
           taken
           three
           hundred
           thousand
           last
           of
           Herings
           ,
           which
           being
           at
           twelve
           pound
           per
           last
           ,
           amounteth
           to
           three
           Millions
           and
           six
           hundred
           thousand
           pounds
           ;
           whereas
           at
           sixteen
           ,
           twenty
           and
           thirty
           pounds
           they
           are
           sold
           in
           other
           Countries
           .
        
         
           This
           great
           Trade
           of
           fishing
           ,
           employing
           so
           many
           ships
           at
           Sea
           ,
           must
           consequently
           maintain
           a
           very
           great
           number
           of
           Tradesmen
           ,
           and
           Artizens
           at
           land
           ;
           as
           Spinsters
           ,
           and
           Hemp-winders
           for
           Cables
           ,
           Cordage
           ,
           Yarn
           ,
           Twine
           for
           Nets
           ,
           and
           Lines
           ,
           Weavers
           to
           make
           Sail-cloaths
           ,
           Receivers
           ,
           
           Packers
           ,
           Dressers
           ,
           Tacklers
           ,
           Coopers
           ,
           Blocks
           ,
           and
           Bowl-makers
           for
           ships
           ,
           Keelmen
           and
           Labourers
           ,
           for
           removing
           and
           carrying
           fish
           ,
           Sawyers
           for
           planks
           ,
           Carpenters
           ,
           Shipwrights
           ,
           Boat-men
           ,
           Brewers
           ,
           Bakers
           ,
           and
           a
           number
           of
           others
           ,
           whereof
           a
           great
           part
           may
           be
           maimed
           Persons
           ,
           and
           unfit
           to
           be
           otherwise
           employed
           ,
           besides
           the
           maintenance
           of
           all
           their
           several
           Wives
           ,
           Chidren
           and
           Families
           ;
           and
           further
           ,
           every
           man
           or
           maid-servant
           ,
           or
           Orphan
           ,
           having
           any
           poor
           stock
           ,
           may
           venture
           the
           same
           in
           their
           fishing
           voyages
           ,
           which
           affords
           them
           ordinarily
           great
           increase
           ,
           and
           is
           duly
           paid
           according
           to
           the
           proportion
           of
           their
           gain
           ;
           this
           makes
           them
           have
           so
           few
           Beggars
           amongst
           them
           ,
           and
           we
           so
           many
           ,
           in
           not
           finding
           out
           such
           like
           means
           ,
           to
           imploy
           the
           poorer
           sort
           of
           people
           ;
           the
           appurtenances
           hereunto
           belonging
           ,
           will
           cost
           us
           no
           more
           than
           theirs
           did
           ;
           and
           since
           we
           have
           the
           propriety
           of
           the
           seas
           ,
           we
           want
           only
           industry
           to
           effect
           this
           purpose
           .
        
         
         
           Lastly
           ,
           Holland
           is
           so
           poor
           of
           it self
           ,
           that
           it
           yieldeth
           little
           ,
           saving
           some
           few
           Hops
           ,
           Madder
           ,
           Butter
           and
           Cheese
           ;
           yet
           notwithstanding
           ,
           by
           reason
           of
           this
           Art
           of
           fishing
           ,
           aboundeth
           plentifully
           in
           all
           manner
           of
           Provisions
           ,
           as
           well
           for
           Life
           as
           Luxury
           ,
           nay
           for
           defence
           too
           ;
           all
           which
           they
           not
           only
           have
           in
           competent
           proportion
           for
           their
           own
           use
           ,
           but
           are
           likewise
           able
           from
           their
           several
           Magazines
           ,
           to
           supply
           other
           Countries
           .
        
         
           The
           premises
           considered
           ,
           it
           maketh
           much
           to
           the
           ignomy
           and
           shame
           of
           this
           Kingdom
           ,
           that
           God
           and
           Nature
           offering
           us
           so
           rich
           a
           Treasure
           ,
           even
           to
           our
           own
           doors
           ,
           we
           notwithstanding
           neglect
           the
           benefit
           thereof
           ,
           and
           by
           paying
           money
           to
           the
           ungrateful
           Hollander
           ,
           for
           the
           fish
           of
           our
           own
           Seas
           ,
           impoverish
           our selves
           to
           inrich
           them
           .
        
         
           But
           thanks
           to
           Almighty
           God
           ,
           that
           hath
           put
           it
           into
           his
           Majesties
           heart
           to
           put
           a
           stop
           to
           their
           further
           proceedings
           herein
           ,
           and
           do
           not
           
           doubt
           but
           he
           will
           once
           more
           make
           them
           acknowledg
           ,
           that
           the
           Soveraignty
           of
           the
           Narrow
           Seas
           belong
           to
           him
           alone
           ,
           his
           Majesties
           Prerogative
           by
           immemorable
           prescription
           ,
           continuall
           usage
           and
           possession
           ,
           the
           acknowledgment
           of
           all
           Neighbours
           ,
           States
           ,
           and
           the
           Municipal
           Laws
           of
           this
           Kingdom
           ,
           and
           that
           unto
           him
           (
           by
           reason
           of
           the
           said
           Soveraignty
           ,
           )
           the
           Supream
           command
           and
           jurisdiction
           over
           the
           passage
           and
           fishing
           in
           the
           same
           rightfully
           appertaineth
           .
        
         
           Why
           may
           not
           the
           English
           then
           make
           the
           same
           advantages
           of
           these
           Seas
           ,
           as
           the
           Dutch
           ,
           whom
           we
           are
           now
           chastiseing
           ,
           not
           for
           their
           industry
           therein
           ,
           but
           for
           their
           ingratitude
           ,
           incivility
           ,
           and
           rag-manners
           ?
           The
           task
           will
           not
           be
           very
           difficult
           ,
           if
           this
           method
           may
           be
           observed
           as
           followeth
           .
        
         
           By
           erecting
           two
           hundred
           and
           fifty
           Busses
           ,
           of
           reasonable
           strength
           and
           bigness
           ,
           there
           will
           be
           employment
           found
           for
           a
           thousand
           Ships
           ,
           and
           for
           
           at
           least
           twenty
           thousand
           Fishermen
           and
           Mariners
           at
           Sea
           ,
           and
           consequently
           for
           as
           many
           Laborers
           ,
           and
           Tradesmen
           at
           Land.
           The
           Herrings
           taken
           by
           those
           Busses
           ,
           will
           afford
           the
           King
           twenty
           thousand
           pound
           Custom
           outward
           ,
           and
           for
           Customes
           returned
           inward
           ,
           three
           hundred
           thousand
           pound
           and
           more
           .
        
         
           We
           have
           Timber
           sufficient
           ,
           and
           at
           reasonable
           rates
           ,
           growing
           in
           this
           Kingdom
           ,
           for
           the
           building
           these
           Busses
           ,
           and
           every
           Shire
           affordeth
           men
           of
           able
           and
           hardy
           bodies
           ,
           fit
           for
           such
           employment
           ,
           who
           now
           live
           poorly
           and
           idlely
           at
           home
           ;
           Provision
           we
           have
           cheap
           enough
           ,
           and
           great
           plenty
           thereof
           ,
           and
           our
           Shores
           and
           Harbours
           are
           near
           those
           places
           ,
           where
           the
           Fish
           do
           haunt
           ;
           for
           drying
           our
           Nets
           ,
           Salting
           and
           Packing
           our
           Fish
           ,
           and
           for
           succour
           in
           stress
           of
           weather
           ,
           we
           may
           bring
           our
           fish
           to
           Land
           ,
           Salt
           and
           Pack
           it
           ,
           and
           from
           some
           parts
           of
           this
           Kingdome
           ,
           be
           at
           our
           Markets
           in
           
             France
             ,
             Spain
          
           ,
           or
           Italy
           ,
           before
           
           the
           Hollander
           can
           get
           home
           .
        
         
           But
           this
           we
           shall
           the
           better
           and
           sooner
           do
           ,
           if
           we
           consider
           and
           endeavour
           to
           reforme
           certain
           wants
           ,
           and
           abuses
           ,
           which
           heretofore
           hath
           hindred
           us
           ,
           from
           effecting
           this
           good
           and
           great
           work
           ,
           whereof
           these
           that
           follow
           ,
           are
           none
           of
           the
           least
           .
        
         
           The
           non-observance
           ,
           (
           or
           but
           slightly
           )
           of
           the
           old
           Custom
           ,
           and
           the
           Statute
           Laws
           ,
           for
           observing
           fish-daies
           ,
           from
           whence
           scarcity
           of
           flesh
           proceedeth
           :
           Thus
           fish
           being
           not
           bought
           so
           frequently
           as
           it
           ought
           to
           be
           ,
           the
           want
           of
           sale
           decayeth
           the
           Trade
           thereof
           .
        
         
           Want
           of
           order
           and
           direction
           in
           our
           fishing
           ,
           every
           man
           being
           left
           to
           himself
           ,
           and
           every
           man
           fishing
           as
           liketh
           him
           best
           .
           Whereas
           amongst
           the
           Hollander
           ,
           two
           of
           the
           best
           experienced
           Fishermen
           are
           appointed
           to
           guide
           the
           rest
           of
           the
           Fleet
           ,
           and
           the
           rest
           are
           bound
           to
           follow
           them
           ,
           and
           so
           cast
           their
           lines
           according
           to
           their
           discretion
           .
           Again
           ,
           the
           Hollanders
           
           set
           forth
           in
           June
           ,
           to
           find
           the
           shoal
           of
           fish
           ;
           and
           having
           found
           it
           ,
           dwell
           amongst
           it
           till
           November
           ;
           whereas
           We
           stay
           till
           the
           Herrings
           come
           home
           to
           us
           ,
           and
           somtimes
           suffer
           them
           to
           pass
           by
           us
           ,
           ere
           we
           look
           out
           ,
           our
           Herring
           fishing
           continuing
           only
           seven
           weeks
           at
           most
           ,
           and
           their
           's
           twenty
           .
        
         
           The
           Hollanders
           Busses
           are
           great
           and
           strong
           ,
           and
           able
           to
           brook
           foul
           weather
           ,
           whereas
           our
           Cobbles
           ,
           Crayes
           ,
           and
           Boats
           ,
           being
           small
           and
           thin-sided
           ,
           are
           easily
           swallowed
           by
           a
           rough
           Sea
           ,
           not
           daring
           to
           adventure
           far
           in
           fair
           weather
           .
        
         
           The
           Hollanders
           are
           industrious
           ,
           and
           no
           sooner
           are
           discharged
           of
           their
           lading
           ,
           but
           presently
           put
           forth
           for
           more
           ;
           whereas
           our
           English
           ,
           after
           they
           have
           been
           once
           at
           Sea
           ,
           do
           commonly
           never
           return
           again
           ,
           till
           their
           money
           taken
           for
           their
           fish
           be
           spent
           ,
           and
           they
           in
           debt
           .
        
         
           The
           Hollanders
           do
           retain
           the
           Merchants
           ,
           who
           during
           the
           Herring
           
           season
           ,
           doe
           duly
           come
           to
           the
           places
           where
           the
           Busses
           arrive
           ,
           and
           by
           joyning
           together
           in
           several
           Companies
           ,
           do
           presently
           agree
           for
           the
           lading
           of
           forty
           Busses
           at
           once
           ;
           and
           so
           being
           discharged
           ,
           they
           may
           return
           speedily
           to
           their
           former
           fishing
           ;
           whereas
           our
           Fishermen
           ,
           uncertain
           of
           their
           Chapmen
           ,
           are
           forced
           to
           spend
           much
           time
           in
           putting
           off
           their
           fish
           by
           parcels
           .
        
         
           What
           else
           may
           be
           considered
           in
           this
           particular
           ,
           I
           will
           leave
           to
           the
           serious
           thoughts
           of
           better
           Head-peices
           than
           my
           own
           .
        
         
           Thus
           as
           I
           have
           given
           you
           a
           summary
           account
           of
           the
           vast
           advantages
           ,
           which
           will
           accrue
           unto
           us
           ,
           by
           the
           regular
           ,
           orderly
           ,
           and
           industrious
           fishing
           on
           our
           own
           Coasts
           ,
           so
           I
           have
           briefly
           related
           how
           highly
           indebted
           the
           Hollander
           is
           to
           the
           King
           of
           England
           ,
           for
           his
           wealthy
           fishing
           ▪
           Trade
           ;
           yet
           they
           are
           so
           far
           from
           acknowledging
           any
           debt
           ,
           that
           instead
           thereof
           ,
           they
           have
           most
           unworthily
           thrown
           dirt
           ▪
           in
           his
           Majesties
           face
           ,
           a
           
           Gracious
           Prince
           ,
           who
           hath
           indeavoured
           by
           kindnesses
           ,
           to
           charm
           these
           swarming
           Frogs
           ,
           who
           are
           now
           ready
           to
           become
           an
           Egyptian
           Plague
           ,
           by
           croaking
           against
           him
           ,
           in
           his
           own
           Waters
           .
           They
           say
           Hollands
           opulent
           and
           wealthy
           Citty
           Amsterdam
           was
           founded
           on
           Herring-bones
           .
           For
           all
           my
           just
           animosity
           against
           the
           Dutch
           ,
           as
           an
           Englishman
           I
           cannot
           but
           be
           somewhat
           afflicted
           ,
           to
           see
           the
           Dutch
        
         
           
             Here
             now
             let
             me
             crave
             leave
             to
             address
             my
             speech
             to
             this
             ungrateful
             Neighbour
             ,
             and
             thus
             a
             little
             expostulate
             with
             him
             .
          
           
             1.
             
             Hath
             not
             his
             Sacred
             Majesty
             been
             alwayes
             so
             tender
             of
             his
             Royal
             word
             ,
             that
             he
             made
             with
             you
             before
             he
             left
             the
             Hague
             ,
             and
             the
             preservation
             whilst
             you
             needed
             it
             ,
             and
             friendship
             ,
             since
             God
             hath
             inabled
             you
             to
             subsist
             ,
             as
             he
             scarce
             ,
             had
             set
             
             foot
             on
             his
             Royal
             Throne
             here
             ,
             before
             the
             sence
             of
             your
             safety
             ,
             no
             less
             then
             of
             his
             inspired
             him
             ,
             with
             an
             earnestness
             ,
             to
             renew
             ,
             or
             strengthen
             his
             Royall
             Alliance
             with
             your
             ,
             not
             so
             observable
             in
             respect
             of
             any
             Neighbour
             beside
             ,
             doubling
             I
             am
             sure
             in
             retalliation
             ,
             the
             poor
             and
             few
             marks
             of
             gratitude
             have
             dropt
             from
             you
             ;
             rather
             expunging
             his
             kindnesses
             ,
             with
             your
             more
             frequent
             injuries
             ,
             and
             imputing
             your
             failing
             ,
             to
             the
             less
             courtly
             nature
             of
             your
             soile
             and
             people
             ;
             then
             the
             want
             of
             gratitude
             and
             civility
             ,
             to
             so
             potent
             a
             Neighbour
             as
             Britain
             ,
             who
             next
             to
             God
             ,
             may
             be
             styled
             your
             Maker
             ,
             who
             hath
             dispensed
             with
             thousands
             of
             dangers
             and
             inconveniences
             for
             your
             sake
             ?
          
           
             2.
             
             Have
             you
             not
             had
             liberty
             to
             trade
             ,
             and
             to
             become
             Denisons
             ;
             nay
             so
             graciously
             you
             have
             been
             used
             by
             his
             Sacred
             Majesty
             ,
             and
             his
             Royal
             Father
             ,
             even
             to
             admiration
             ,
             that
             you
             had
             power
             to
             buy
             and
             purchase
             Land
             
             in
             fee-simple
             ,
             tale
             or
             otherwise
             in
             any
             of
             his
             Cities
             and
             Countries
             ;
             no
             mark
             of
             distinction
             being
             imposed
             ,
             in
             relation
             either
             to
             Honour
             ,
             Profit
             ,
             or
             Justice
             ;
             Witness
             the
             Acts
             of
             Naturalizing
             so
             many
             of
             your
             Spawn
             ,
             in
             the
             Twelsth
             ,
             Thirteenth
             and
             Fourteenth
             years
             of
             his
             present
             Majesties
             Reign
             ?
          
           
             3.
             
             Do
             not
             the
             Maritan
             Towns
             of
             
               Kent
               ,
               Essex
               ,
               Suffolk
            
             ,
             and
             
               Norfolk
               ,
               &c.
            
             aboundwith
             the
             issue
             of
             those
             swarms
             ,
             the
             very
             sound
             and
             noise
             of
             their
             fellowes
             Calamities
             ,
             had
             driven
             out
             of
             their
             Hives
             ?
          
           
             And
             notwithstanding
             the
             present
             just
             War
             his
             Majesty
             hath
             proclaimed
             against
             the
             States
             General
             of
             the
             United
             Provinces
             ,
             he
             hath
             mercifully
             provided
             for
             the
             aforesaid
             Dutch-Inmates
             ,
             and
             all
             such
             who
             are
             necessitated
             to
             withdraw
             their
             Persons
             and
             Estates
             out
             of
             those
             Countries
             :
             nay
             ,
             observe
             his
             Majesties
             special
             care
             of
             your
             people
             inhabiting
             this
             his
             Kingdom
             ,
             in
             his
             own
             words
             :
             
               And
               because
            
             
             
               there
               are
               remaining
               in
               our
               Kingdoms
               ,
               many
               Subjects
               of
               the
               States
               General
               of
               the
               United
               Provinces
               ,
               We
               do
               declare
               ,
               and
               give
               our
               Royal
               Word
               ,
               that
               all
               such
               of
               the
               Dutch
               Nation
               ,
               as
               shall
               demean
               themselves
               dutiful
               towards
               Us
               ,
               and
               not
               correspond
               with
               Our
               Enemies
               ,
               shall
               be
               safe
               in
               their
               Persons
               and
               Estates
               ,
               and
               free
               from
               all
               molestation
               and
               trouble
               of
               any
               kind
            
             ;
             how
             illy
             you
             have
             deserved
             this
             continuance
             of
             so
             many
             kindnesses
             ,
             I
             dare
             appeal
             to
             your
             own
             Consciences
             ,
             or
             any
             impartial
             Person
             to
             judge
             .
          
           
             4.
             
             Can
             you
             think
             so
             wise
             a
             Council
             as
             this
             Kingdom
             was
             steered
             by
             ,
             did
             not
             apprehend
             ;
             That
             though
             the
             making
             you
             free
             might
             fortify
             the
             Queens
             out-works
             ;
             yet
             it
             could
             not
             but
             as
             much
             dismantle
             the
             Royal
             Fort
             of
             Monarchy
             ?
             I
             know
             not
             whither
             you
             were
             a
             President
             to
             the
             late
             Usurper
             ,
             who
             for
             many
             years
             ,
             steeped
             the
             three
             Kingdoms
             in
             their
             own
             blood
             :
             but
             sure
             I
             am
             ,
             your
             
             Principles
             may
             teach
             Subjects
             to
             depose
             their
             Princes
             ,
             and
             be
             no
             losers
             by
             the
             bargain
             ;
             which
             (
             by
             the
             way
             )
             hath
             rendred
             you
             unpleasant
             or
             unacceptable
             to
             all
             Neighbor
             Monarchs
             ,
             fearing
             by
             your
             practices
             you
             will
             furnish
             their
             subjects
             with
             pretences
             upon
             all
             occasions
             of
             advantage
             to
             do
             the
             like
             .
          
           
             5.
             
             Was
             not
             the
             assisting
             you
             an
             occasion
             of
             our
             invasion
             in
             eighty
             eight
             ,
             by
             a
             Navy
             held
             invincible
             in
             the
             Creed
             of
             Rome
             ,
             till
             the
             more
             glorious
             Valours
             of
             the
             
               English
               (
               assisted
               by
               the
               Lord
               of
               Hosts
               )
            
             had
             clearly
             confuted
             the
             Popes
             Title
             ,
             even
             to
             the
             amazement
             of
             the
             Clists
             ,
             and
             wonder
             of
             the
             World
             ?
             The
             only
             reason
             then
             that
             kept
             King
             Philip
             from
             heading
             a
             Royal
             Army
             in
             his
             own
             Person
             ,
             was
             the
             fear
             he
             did
             apprehend
             of
             his
             being
             cast
             in
             his
             passage
             out
             of
             Spain
             ,
             (
             as
             his
             Father
             Charles
             the
             Fifth
             was
             )
             upon
             the
             British
             shore
             ,
             knowing
             the
             English
             were
             cordial
             in
             your
             preservation
             ,
             then
             ever
             to
             
             suffer
             him
             to
             come
             and
             goe
             in
             Peace
             ,
             when
             he
             came
             on
             so
             bloody
             an
             errand
             .
          
           
             6.
             
             And
             though
             he
             ,
             as
             a
             Magnanimous
             Prince
             ,
             and
             so
             great
             a
             Monarch
             as
             he
             was
             ,
             yet
             he
             did
             often
             desire
             his
             
               Sister
               of
               England
            
             to
             hear
             his
             just
             defence
             ,
             for
             his
             so
             rigorous
             proceedings
             ;
             She
             refusing
             to
             dispute
             the
             truth
             of
             your
             complaints
             ,
             presuming
             it
             more
             probable
             for
             a
             stranger
             to
             be
             a
             Tyrant
             ,
             then
             that
             the
             Natural
             Inhabitants
             upon
             a
             slighter
             cause
             ,
             cast
             themselves
             into
             the
             no
             less
             bloody
             ,
             then
             scorching
             flames
             of
             a
             Civil
             and
             uncertain
             War
             ,
             She
             seeming
             rather
             to
             forget
             the
             Obligations
             She
             owed
             him
             ,
             either
             as
             a
             private
             Person
             or
             Brother
             ,
             when
             he
             was
             King
             of
             England
             ,
             then
             her
             Neighbours
             oppressions
             .
             I
             shall
             not
             need
             here
             draw
             blood
             in
             your
             faces
             by
             application
             ,
             your
             Consciences
             (
             if
             you
             have
             any
             such
             thing
             left
             )
             will
             do
             it
             for
             me
             .
          
           
             7.
             
             Were
             not
             your
             messengers
             received
             
             into
             England
             in
             the
             quality
             of
             Embassadors
             ,
             they
             being
             then
             too
             modest
             to
             own
             higher
             Titles
             ,
             then
             of
             
               Poor
               Petitioners
            
             ,
             casting
             themselves
             prostrate
             at
             the
             feet
             of
             no
             less
             Potent
             Tribunal
             ,
             then
             what
             you
             were
             admitted
             to
             in
             the
             quality
             of
             Embassadors
             the
             other
             day
             ,
             and
             the
             which
             you
             now
             fight
             against
             ;
             at
             which
             time
             ,
             (
             I
             blush
             to
             think
             thereof
             )
             your
             Embassadors
             was
             pleased
             to
             say
             ,
             
               that
               in
               this
               conjuncture
               they
               would
               condescend
               to
               strike
               to
               Us
               ,
               if
               we
               would
               assist
               them
               against
               the
            
             French
             ;
             
               but
               upon
               condition
               ,
               that
               it
               should
               never
               be
               taken
               for
               a
               President
               here
               after
               ,
               to
               their
               prejudice
               :
            
             this
             was
             such
             a
             condition
             which
             would
             soon
             have
             reduced
             us
             to
             a
             miserable
             and
             contemptible
             condition
             .
             Did
             not
             your
             Embassadour
             forget
             himself
             ,
             what
             and
             where
             he
             was
             ,
             to
             be
             admitted
             into
             the
             quality
             of
             an
             Ambassadour
             ,
             was
             an
             honour
             you
             could
             never
             have
             attained
             to
             ,
             but
             through
             the
             Clemency
             of
             a
             gratious
             Prince
             ?
             your
             Messengers
             in
             the
             same
             quality
             
             but
             narrowly
             escap'd
             the
             Gallowes
             ,
             when
             they
             went
             with
             their
             Petition
             to
             his
             
               Catholick
               Majesty
            
             ?
             And
             did
             not
             his
             late
             Sacred
             Majesty
             ,
             out
             of
             his
             Princely
             goodness
             imbroider
             your
             Messengers
             with
             Titles
             ,
             unworthy
             such
             ingratitudes
             ,
             as
             you
             afterwards
             shewed
             him
             and
             his
             ,
             against
             your
             Alliance
             then
             made
             and
             professed
             ?
          
           
             8.
             
             Have
             you
             not
             opened
             your
             Arms
             ,
             to
             receive
             those
             into
             your
             Councils
             and
             pay
             ,
             that
             even
             the
             whole
             World
             doth
             blush
             at
             the
             reflection
             of
             so
             horrid
             an
             Act
             ;
             such
             is
             it
             that
             tears
             fall
             on
             my
             Pen
             at
             its
             Relation
             ,
             as
             if
             it
             should
             say
             ,
             thou
             art
             not
             able
             to
             express
             blackness
             ?
             Wherein
             Holland
             ,
             canst
             thou
             glory
             ?
             not
             with
             colouring
             it
             with
             a
             charitable
             Protection
             ?
             O
             no!
             Then
             what
             satisfaction
             can
             you
             give
             the
             World
             ;
             or
             fancy
             to
             your selves
             ,
             when
             you
             shew
             a
             President
             how
             to
             protect
             the
             most
             horrid
             Regicide
             that
             ever
             drew
             breath
             ,
             such
             as
             are
             culpable
             of
             no
             less
             crime
             then
             the
             blood
             of
             the
             best
             
             of
             Kings
             ,
             and
             one
             who
             espoused
             you
             as
             it
             were
             into
             his
             Royal
             Family
             ?
          
           
             9.
             
             Nay
             ,
             see
             farther
             your
             ingratitude
             ,
             that
             no
             sooner
             Providence
             had
             measured
             out
             the
             Kingdom
             into
             Peace
             ,
             by
             restoring
             our
             dread
             Soveraign
             unto
             his
             undoubted
             Right
             ,
             and
             the
             words
             of
             a
             firm
             Alliance
             and
             Amity
             ,
             (
             concluded
             betwixt
             him
             and
             you
             ,
             )
             scarce
             cold
             in
             his
             mouth
             ,
             but
             what
             wonderful
             outrages
             you
             committed
             on
             our
             Ships
             and
             Merchants
             ,
             in
             allmost
             all
             places
             and
             Ports
             ,
             where
             you
             could
             either
             find
             or
             meet
             them
             ,
             but
             especially
             there
             ,
             where
             you
             were
             able
             to
             treble
             the
             English
             power
             and
             strength
             ,
             who
             if
             equally
             but
             Man'd
             ,
             or
             Shipt
             ,
             would
             have
             reduced
             your
             
             Brandy-courages
             into
             that
             combustion
             which
             they
             say
             that
             Wine
             bears
             ,
             and
             that
             only
             by
             its
             flames
             to
             behold
             your
             own
             ruines
             :
             nay
             ,
             such
             was
             your
             ingratitude
             ,
             as
             if
             nothing
             were
             more
             indifferent
             to
             you
             ,
             then
             who
             were
             happy
             ,
             so
             England
             were
             miserable
             ?
          
           
             10.
             
             If
             you
             were
             not
             willing
             for
             
             those
             many
             years
             ,
             to
             come
             stealing
             and
             bribeing
             the
             Usurpers
             so
             long
             for
             your
             fishing
             ,
             why
             should
             you
             be
             so
             tutchy
             now
             ,
             with
             such
             as
             inquire
             whether
             it
             was
             worth
             your
             cost
             ,
             or
             their
             honour
             ,
             to
             defend
             the
             propriety
             thereof
             ,
             to
             the
             utmost
             hazard
             of
             their
             lives
             and
             fortunes
             ?
             I
             understand
             that
             the
             late
             Usurpers
             did
             not
             only
             give
             you
             the
             fish
             ,
             but
             baits
             to
             catch
             them
             ,
             (
             Lampries
             I
             mean
             )
             loaden
             by
             boat-fulls
             out
             of
             the
             Thames
             ,
             which
             they
             would
             never
             have
             done
             ,
             had
             they
             been
             as
             full
             of
             circumspection
             as
             that
             Creature
             is
             reported
             to
             be
             of
             eyes
             ,
             this
             kindness
             to
             you
             (
             as
             all
             other
             kindnesses
             shown
             to
             you
             use
             to
             do
             )
             made
             you
             so
             insolent
             as
             to
             fly
             in
             their
             face
             ,
             sor
             which
             they
             were
             forced
             to
             bring
             you
             into
             better
             manners
             ,
             witness
             the
             several
             Victories
             they
             obtained
             over
             you
             in
             the
             year
             ,
             1652.
             
             But
             more
             especially
             ,
             that
             neer
             Portland
             ,
             wherein
             you
             were
             totally
             overthrown
             ,
             imputing
             your
             want
             of
             success
             ,
             to
             want
             of
             powder
             ;
             but
             I
             think
             those
             few
             of
             
             yours
             which
             were
             left
             ,
             they
             sent
             home
             
               with
               a
               powder
            
             .
          
           
             Lastly
             ,
             all
             this
             considered
             ,
             why
             may
             not
             his
             Majesty
             assume
             to
             himself
             ,
             the
             rights
             of
             disposure
             and
             regulation
             of
             that
             which
             is
             undoubtedly
             his
             own
             ?
             and
             why
             may
             he
             not
             take
             ,
             till
             by
             you
             ,
             that
             never
             -
             questioned
             style
             of
             Lord
             of
             the
             British
             Ocean
             ?
             as
             well
             as
             you
             at
             Guiny
             ,
             and
             the
             East-Indies
             ,
             that
             strive
             with
             your
             Maker
             ,
             who
             shall
             be
             most
             High
             and
             Mighty
             .
          
           
             With
             these
             Expostulations
             ,
             pray
             take
             some
             of
             these
             following
             Queries
             .
          
           
             Some
             pertinent
             and
             necessary
             Queries
             to
             the
             present
             Subject
             .
          
           
             1.
             
             What
             other
             Alliance
             can
             afford
             you
             so
             safe
             Harbourage
             in
             case
             of
             foul
             weather
             at
             Sea
             ,
             as
             
               England
               ,
               Scotland
            
             and
             Ireland
             ?
             if
             none
             ,
             whether
             contingencies
             driven
             in
             by
             storm
             under
             our
             shelter
             ,
             your
             West
             ,
             and
             
               East
               -
               India
            
             ,
             and
             
               Straits
               -
               men
            
             ,
             may
             not
             exceed
             all
             the
             Coales
             and
             Tobbacco
             Prizes
             ,
             
               De
               Ruyter
            
             ,
             or
             any
             
             under
             him
             ,
             shall
             scrape
             up
             in
             his
             Naval
             expedition
             ?
          
           
             If
             the
             raising
             a
             Flying
             Army
             in
             the
             Netherlands
             ,
             may
             not
             one
             time
             or
             other
             be
             reduced
             to
             such
             a
             faction
             ,
             especially
             when
             headed
             by
             one
             that
             cannot
             keep
             the
             same
             Consort
             with
             you
             ,
             as
             to
             cause
             the
             resolving
             you
             into
             the
             first
             Principles
             of
             both
             
               Poor
               ,
               Distressed
            
             ,
             and
             Oppressed
             ?
             Nay
             ,
             it
             may
             be
             ,
             further
             reduce
             you
             to
             be
             Vassals
             to
             some
             of
             your
             right
             or
             left
             -
             hand
             Neighbours
             ,
             whose
             aim
             is
             wholly
             to
             root
             up
             that
             Vine
             ,
             which
             they
             perceive
             is
             likely
             to
             ecclipse
             ;
             but
             more
             willing
             to
             destory
             the
             glories
             of
             their
             rights
             ,
             and
             benefits
             of
             their
             Traffick
             and
             Trade
             .
          
           
             3.
             
             If
             Venice
             may
             not
             unproperly
             be
             called
             the
             Signet
             on
             Neptunes
             right
             hand
             ;
             whether
             England
             and
             the
             Netherlands
             being
             in
             a
             strait
             confederacy
             ,
             may
             not
             be
             styled
             his
             two
             Arms
             ?
             By
             which
             ,
             in
             relation
             to
             their
             shipping
             ,
             he
             embraceth
             the
             Universe
             .
          
           
           
             4.
             
             Whether
             your
             Maiden
             Towns
             (
             as
             you
             call
             them
             )
             may
             not
             longer
             enjoy
             that
             Title
             under
             the
             Alliance
             of
             England
             ,
             who
             hath
             many
             more
             rich
             and
             beautiful
             Havens
             and
             Harbours
             ,
             then
             any
             other
             Neighbouring
             Nation
             .
          
           
             5.
             
             Whether
             the
             making
             an
             honourable
             Peace
             with
             England
             ,
             by
             complying
             with
             her
             just
             commands
             ,
             may
             not
             be
             accounted
             putting
             of
             Money
             to
             more
             than
             common
             Interest
             ?
          
           
             6.
             
             In
             case
             it
             so
             happens
             ,
             whether
             their
             Wisdomes
             do
             not
             cease
             too
             dangerous
             and
             chargable
             Wars
             ;
             the
             which
             if
             not
             done
             ,
             may
             not
             be
             the
             sole
             cause
             of
             having
             it
             said
             ,
             
               their
               blood
               was
               upon
               their
               own
               heads
               ?
            
          
           
             7.
             
             Whether
             in
             case
             Zealand
             ,
             or
             any
             other
             of
             your
             Provinces
             irritated
             by
             the
             inconveniences
             that
             must
             inevitably
             follow
             ,
             may
             not
             be
             tempted
             to
             divide
             ,
             and
             adhere
             to
             the
             stronger
             and
             
               honester
               side
            
             ?
             And
             which
             that
             is
             your
             Wisdoms
             ,
             may
             easily
             resolve
             from
             the
             dispute
             ,
             his
             Royal
             Highness
             ,
             and
             the
             incomparable
             Rupert
             
             gave
             your
             
               Meenhere
               ,
               Opdam
            
             ?
          
           
             8.
             
             Whether
             the
             World
             may
             not
             afford
             Us
             and
             You
             ,
             a
             sufficient
             trade
             without
             intruding
             ,
             or
             encroaching
             on
             each
             others
             Interests
             ?
          
           
             9.
             
             Whether
             Monarchs
             do
             ,
             or
             can
             look
             upon
             you
             under
             a
             milder
             aspect
             ,
             then
             Traitors
             ,
             without
             a
             tacit
             consent
             of
             the
             like
             power
             resident
             in
             their
             People
             :
             whereas
             England
             doth
             ,
             and
             ever
             did
             esteem
             you
             in
             a
             more
             honorable
             relation
             and
             interest
             ;
             for
             though
             you
             ,
             like
             Dial
             of
             Ahaz
             ,
             recoiled
             so
             many
             degrees
             back
             in
             the
             Sphear
             of
             policy
             ,
             it
             is
             Naturally
             more
             proper
             for
             that
             hand
             ,
             and
             that
             power
             which
             first
             made
             you
             a
             free
             State
             ,
             to
             be
             touched
             with
             an
             inclination
             ever
             to
             maintain
             that
             Honour
             and
             Interest
             ,
             which
             the
             blood
             of
             so
             many
             of
             their
             brave
             Country-men
             hath
             expired
             in
             the
             setting
             it
             up
             ?
          
           
             10.
             
             Whether
             ,
             as
             you
             are
             compared
             to
             the
             Ant
             for
             industry
             ,
             so
             in
             this
             ,
             as
             one
             saith
             ,
             the
             Ant
             is
             a
             wise
             Creature
             ,
             but
             a
             shrewd
             thing
             in
             a
             Garden
             
             or
             Orchard
             ,
             and
             truly
             so
             are
             you
             ;
             where
             ever
             you
             light
             in
             a
             pleasant
             or
             rich
             soyl
             ,
             like
             Succours
             and
             lower
             Plants
             ,
             you
             rob
             from
             the
             root
             of
             that
             Tree
             ,
             which
             gave
             you
             shade
             and
             protection
             .
             Thus
             let
             me
             tell
             you
             ,
             your
             Wisdome
             is
             not
             indeed
             Heroick
             ;
             as
             courting
             an
             Universal
             good
             ,
             but
             rather
             narrow
             and
             restrictive
             ,
             as
             being
             a
             Wisdome
             ,
             but
             for
             your selves
             ;
             which
             to
             speak
             plainly
             ,
             is
             descending
             into
             craft
             ;
             and
             is
             but
             the
             sinister
             part
             of
             that
             which
             is
             really
             Noble
             and
             Coelestial
             .
             Nay
             ,
             in
             all
             ,
             they
             hold
             so
             true
             a
             proportion
             with
             the
             Emmet
             ,
             as
             you
             shall
             not
             find
             that
             they
             want
             so
             much
             as
             the
             sting
             ?
          
           
             11.
             
             Whether
             Holland
             affords
             not
             the
             People
             one
             commodity
             beyond
             all
             other
             Regions
             ,
             if
             they
             die
             in
             perdition
             ,
             they
             are
             so
             low
             ,
             that
             they
             have
             a
             shorter
             cut
             to
             Hell
             ,
             then
             the
             rest
             of
             their
             Neighbours
             :
             And
             for
             this
             cause
             ,
             perhaps
             all
             strange
             Religions
             throng
             thither
             ,
             as
             naturally
             inclineing
             towards
             their
             Center
             :
             Besides
             ,
             
             their
             riches
             shews
             them
             to
             be
             Pluto's
             Region
             ;
             and
             you
             all
             know
             ,
             what
             part
             that
             was
             which
             the
             Poets
             did
             of
             old
             assign
             him
             ?
          
           
             12.
             
             Whether
             the
             Duke
             d'Alva's
             taxing
             of
             the
             tenth
             penny
             on
             the
             Netherlands
             ,
             did
             not
             fright
             it
             into
             a
             Paulsie
             ,
             which
             all
             the
             Mountebanks
             they
             have
             bred
             since
             ,
             could
             never
             tell
             how
             to
             cure
             :
             for
             at
             the
             approach
             of
             a
             Wagon
             ,
             the
             Earth
             shall
             shake
             as
             if
             it
             were
             Ague-strucken
             ?
          
           
             13.
             
             Whether
             if
             Mount
             Aetna
             ,
             be
             Hells
             mouth
             or
             fore-Gate
             ,
             Holland
             be
             not
             the
             Postern
             ;
             for
             some
             call
             it
             the
             Port
             Esquiline
             of
             the
             World
             ,
             where
             the
             whole
             Earth
             doth
             vent
             her
             crude
             black
             gore
             ,
             which
             the
             Inhabitants
             scrape
             away
             for
             fewel
             ,
             as
             men
             with
             spoons
             do
             excrements
             from
             Civit-Cats
             .
          
           
             14.
             
             Whether
             Escutcheons
             are
             not
             as
             plentiful
             in
             Holland
             ,
             as
             Gentry
             is
             scarce
             ;
             for
             every
             man
             there
             is
             his
             own
             Herald
             ,
             and
             he
             that
             hath
             but
             wit
             enough
             to
             invent
             a
             Coat
             ,
             may
             
             challenge
             it
             as
             his
             own
             :
             A
             Coat
             they
             must
             have
             ,
             though
             their
             Ancestors
             were
             never
             known
             ,
             which
             in
             ●ight
             of
             Heraldry
             ,
             shall
             bear
             their
             Atchievment
             ,
             with
             an
             Helmet
             for
             a
             Baron
             at
             least
             ,
             Marry
             the
             Field
             perhaps
             shall
             be
             charged
             with
             three
             Baskets
             to
             shew
             what
             trade
             his
             Father
             was
             ?
          
           
             15.
             
             Whether
             the
             Dutch
             People
             ,
             are
             so
             generally
             Boorish
             ,
             but
             that
             most
             of
             them
             may
             be
             bred
             a
             Statesman
             ,
             they
             having
             all
             this
             gift
             ,
             not
             to
             be
             so
             nice
             conscioned
             ,
             but
             that
             they
             can
             turn
             out
             Religion
             to
             let
             in
             Policy
             ?
          
           
             16.
             
             Whether
             their
             Country
             is
             not
             the
             God
             they
             worship
             ,
             War
             their
             Heaven
             ,
             Peace
             their
             Hell
             ,
             and
             the
             Spaniard
             ,
             the
             Devil
             ,
             they
             hate
             ,
             Custome
             their
             Law
             ,
             and
             their
             Will
             their
             Reason
             ?
          
           
             17.
             
             Whether
             the
             Hollander
             was
             not
             bred
             before
             Manners
             were
             in
             Fashion
             ,
             and
             that
             makes
             his
             conditions
             as
             Boorishly-churlish
             as
             his
             breeder
             Neptune
             ?
          
           
           
             18.
             
             Whether
             complement
             be
             not
             an
             idleness
             they
             were
             never
             trained
             up
             in
             ,
             and
             that
             's
             the
             Reason
             of
             their
             happiness
             ,
             that
             Court
             Vanities
             have
             not
             stole
             away
             their
             minds
             from
             business
             ?
          
           
             19.
             
             Whether
             the
             Hollander
             ,
             had
             he
             not
             been
             a
             Subject
             to
             Spain
             ,
             would
             not
             have
             loved
             the
             Nation
             better
             ;
             and
             that
             which
             confirms
             their
             eternal
             hate
             ,
             is
             ,
             that
             they
             know
             the
             World
             remembers
             they
             were
             once
             the
             Subjects
             of
             that
             most
             Catholick
             Crown
             ?
          
           
             20.
             
             Whether
             their
             Shiping
             is
             not
             the
             Babel
             which
             they
             boast
             on
             ,
             for
             the
             glory
             of
             their
             Nation
             ;
             It
             is
             indeed
             a
             wonder
             ;
             and
             they
             will
             have
             it
             so
             ,
             but
             we
             may
             well
             hope
             they
             will
             never
             be
             so
             Potent
             at
             Land
             ,
             lest
             they
             shew
             us
             how
             doggedly
             they
             can
             insult
             where
             they
             get
             the
             Mastery
             ?
          
           
             21.
             
             Whether
             equality
             of
             number
             ,
             when
             they
             meet
             our
             Ships
             at
             Sea
             ,
             be
             not
             as
             dreadful
             to
             them
             ,
             as
             a
             Falcon
             ,
             to
             a
             Mallard
             ,
             from
             whom
             their
             best
             remedy
             is
             to
             steale
             away
             :
             But
             if
             
             they
             come
             to
             blows
             ,
             they
             want
             the
             valiant
             stoutness
             of
             the
             English
             ,
             who
             will
             rather
             expire
             bravely
             in
             a
             bold
             resistance
             ,
             than
             to
             stain
             their
             Honour
             by
             an
             ignoble
             flight
             .
          
           
             22.
             
             Whether
             Democracy
             be
             not
             the
             best
             Government
             for
             the
             
               Low
               Countries
            
             ,
             since
             there
             had
             need
             be
             many
             to
             rule
             such
             a
             Rabble
             of
             rude
             ones
             ?
             Tell
             them
             of
             a
             King
             in
             jest
             ,
             and
             they
             will
             cut
             your
             throat
             in
             earnest
             .
          
           
             23.
             
             Whether
             there
             is
             under
             Heaven
             such
             a
             Den
             of
             several
             Serpents
             as
             Amsterdam
             is
             ?
             You
             may
             be
             what
             Devil
             you
             will
             ,
             so
             you
             push
             not
             the
             States
             with
             your
             Horns
             .
          
           
             24.
             
             Whether
             the
             Dutch
             place
             their
             Republick
             in
             a
             higher
             esteem
             than
             Heaven
             it self
             ,
             by
             their
             boundless
             Toleration
             ;
             and
             had
             rather
             cross
             upon
             God
             than
             it
             ?
             For
             whosoever
             disturbs
             the
             Civil
             Government
             ,
             is
             liable
             to
             punishment
             ;
             
             but
             the
             Decrees
             of
             Heaven
             ,
             and
             Sanctions
             of
             the
             Deity
             ,
             any
             one
             may
             break
             uncheck't
             ,
             by
             professing
             what
             false
             Religion
             he
             please
             .
          
           
             Lastly
             ,
             Whether
             they
             had
             not
             rather
             keep
             an
             old
             fault
             in
             which
             they
             discover
             manifold
             and
             manifest
             errors
             ,
             than
             in
             an
             easie
             change
             to
             meet
             a
             certain
             Remedy
             ?
          
        
      
       
         
         
           His
           Majesties
           Propriety
           and
           Dominion
           over
           the
           Brittish
           Seas
           clearly
           asserted
           ;
           And
           some
           other
           of
           the
           Dutch
           Insolencies
           detected
           .
        
         
           IT
           is
           easie
           to
           be
           proved
           by
           the
           Ancient
           Interpreters
           of
           the
           Mosaical
           Law
           ,
           That
           the
           Sea
           is
           no
           whit
           less
           capable
           of
           private
           Dominion
           ,
           than
           the
           Land.
           In
           Numbers
           you
           shall
           find
           it
           expresly
           written
           ,
           
             And
             let
             your
             borders
             be
             the
             Great
             Sea
          
           ;
           that
           is
           (
           as
           the
           Rabbins
           
           comment
           on
           the
           place
           )
           the
           Main
           Ocean
           and
           its
           Islands
           .
        
         
           You
           may
           read
           ,
           that
           Pompey
           the
           Great
           ,
           being
           Admiral
           of
           a
           great
           Navy
           ,
           had
           a
           Commission
           given
           him
           by
           the
           Senate
           ,
           as
           absolute
           Lord
           of
           the
           Sea
           ;
           nay
           ,
           many
           of
           the
           Roman
           Historians
           have
           called
           the
           Sea
           their
           Sea
           ,
           because
           it
           was
           in
           subjection
           to
           ,
           being
           wholly
           subdued
           by
           ,
           the
           Roman
           Power
           .
           
             Thy
             borders
             are
             in
             the
             midst
             or
             heart
             of
             the
             Sea
             ,
          
           saith
           the
           Prophet
           Ezekiel
           of
           the
           Tyrians
           :
           and
           it
           is
           affirmed
           in
           ancient
           History
           ,
           That
           the
           City
           of
           Tyre
           built
           by
           Agenor
           ,
           made
           not
           only
           the
           Neighbouring-Sea
           ,
           but
           what
           Seas
           soever
           her
           Ships
           sailed
           in
           ,
           to
           be
           of
           her
           Dominion
           .
        
         
           There
           was
           an
           ancient
           Custom
           used
           in
           the
           East
           ,
           That
           when
           Great
           Kings
           had
           a
           design
           to
           bring
           any
           
           Nation
           under
           their
           power
           ,
           they
           commanded
           Water
           and
           Earth
           ,
           the
           pledges
           of
           Empire
           and
           Dominion
           ,
           to
           be
           delivered
           unto
           them
           ;
           conceiving
           that
           the
           Command
           of
           the
           Sea
           ,
           as
           well
           as
           of
           the
           Land
           ,
           was
           signified
           by
           such
           a
           Token
           .
        
         
           And
           if
           we
           take
           a
           view
           of
           these
           late
           times
           ,
           as
           to
           the
           Rights
           and
           Customs
           of
           Forreign
           Nations
           ,
           we
           shall
           find
           ,
           that
           the
           Commonwealth
           of
           Venice
           hath
           enjoyed
           the
           Dominion
           of
           the
           Adriatique-Sea
           for
           many
           Ages
           .
           The
           Tuscans
           to
           this
           day
           have
           an
           Absolute
           Dominion
           in
           the
           Tyrhene-Sea
           ;
           and
           those
           of
           Genoa
           ,
           in
           the
           Lygustick
           .
        
         
           To
           conclude
           :
           That
           the
           Dominion
           of
           the
           Sea
           is
           admitted
           amongst
           those
           things
           that
           are
           lawful
           ,
           and
           received
           into
           the
           Customs
           of
           Nations
           ,
           is
           so
           far
           from
           contradiction
           ,
           that
           nothing
           at
           all
           can
           be
           
           found
           to
           controul
           it
           in
           the
           Customs
           of
           our
           later
           times
           ,
           unless
           it
           be
           by
           the
           Encroaching
           -
           Hollander
           ,
           who
           bordering
           so
           near
           our
           shores
           ,
           hath
           done
           ,
           and
           doth
           endeavour
           to
           violate
           the
           Right
           of
           His
           Most
           Sacred
           Majesty
           ,
           under
           the
           pretence
           of
           Civil
           Community
           .
           Besides
           ,
           it
           is
           most
           evident
           from
           the
           Custom
           of
           all
           Times
           ,
           That
           Commerce
           and
           free
           Passage
           hath
           ever
           been
           so
           limited
           by
           Princes
           in
           their
           Territories
           ;
           that
           is
           ,
           either
           granted
           or
           denied
           ,
           according
           to
           the
           various
           concernments
           of
           the
           Publick
           Good.
           Princes
           are
           concerned
           to
           be
           wary
           and
           careful
           ,
           that
           they
           admit
           no
           such
           Strangers
           ,
           or
           Forreign
           Commerce
           ,
           where
           the
           Commonwealth
           may
           receive
           any
           damage
           thereby
           .
        
         
           Some
           Oppugners
           to
           the
           
             Mare
             Clausum
          
           introduce
           this
           Argument
           ,
           That
           the
           Water
           is
           open
           to
           All
           ,
           and
           therefore
           by
           Law
           it
           must
           be
           open
           at
           all
           times
           to
           all
           men
           .
           What
           
           a
           trifle
           is
           this
           ?
           Before
           the
           distribution
           of
           things
           ,
           there
           was
           no
           Land
           which
           did
           not
           lie
           open
           to
           All
           ,
           before
           it
           came
           under
           particular
           possession
           .
           If
           the
           Hollanders
           should
           object
           this
           Argument
           against
           our
           Dominion
           over
           the
           Narrow
           Seas
           ;
           I
           would
           ask
           them
           the
           reason
           of
           their
           Custom
           in
           Delph-land
           ,
           called
           
             Jus
             Grutae
          
           ,
           which
           hath
           ever
           been
           under
           the
           care
           of
           those
           Officers
           called
           in
           
             Dutch
             ,
             Pluymgraven
          
           ,
           whereby
           the
           Beer-Brewers
           are
           obliged
           to
           pay
           the
           hundredth
           part
           for
           the
           use
           of
           those
           Waters
           .
        
         
           Having
           thus
           in
           general
           given
           you
           an
           account
           ,
           That
           almost
           amongst
           all
           Nations
           there
           hath
           been
           allowed
           a
           private
           Dominion
           of
           the
           Sea
           :
           We
           shall
           now
           come
           nearer
           home
           ,
           and
           inform
           you
           ,
           That
           the
           ancient
           Britains
           did
           Enjoy
           and
           Possess
           the
           Sea
           as
           Lords
           thereof
           ,
           before
           they
           were
           subjected
           to
           the
           Roman
           Power
           .
           We
           find
           no
           History
           
           of
           Britain
           to
           which
           any
           credit
           ought
           to
           be
           given
           ,
           elder
           than
           the
           time
           of
           
             Julius
             Caesar
          
           ;
           at
           whose
           coming
           we
           find
           the
           Britains
           used
           the
           Sea
           as
           their
           own
           for
           Navigation
           and
           Fishing
           ;
           and
           withal
           permitted
           none
           besides
           Merchants
           to
           sail
           into
           the
           Island
           without
           their
           leave
           ;
           nor
           any
           man
           at
           all
           to
           sound
           or
           view
           their
           Sea-coasts
           or
           Harbours
           .
        
         
           Amongst
           several
           Kings
           of
           old
           ,
           that
           not
           only
           ruled
           this
           Land
           ,
           but
           had
           also
           Dominion
           over
           the
           Sea
           ,
           I
           find
           none
           more
           potent
           than
           King
           Edgar
           ;
           who
           possessing
           an
           absolute
           Dominion
           of
           the
           Seas
           ,
           sailed
           round
           it
           once
           a
           year
           ,
           and
           secured
           it
           with
           a
           constant
           Guard
           of
           Ships
           ,
           of
           which
           ,
           as
           is
           reported
           ,
           he
           had
           Four
           thousand
           eight
           hundred
           stout
           ones
           ;
           and
           what
           Dominion
           this
           was
           King
           Edgar
           had
           as
           Absolute
           Lord
           of
           the
           Sea
           ,
           appeareth
           in
           these
           words
           ,
           
             I
             Edgar
             King
             of
          
           England
           ,
           
             and
             of
             all
             the
             Kings
             of
             the
             Islands
             ,
             and
             of
             all
          
           
           
             the
             Ocean
             lying
             about
          
           Britain
           ,
           
             and
             of
             all
             the
             Nations
             that
             are
             included
             within
             the
             circuit
             ,
          
           &c.
           
        
         
           After
           him
           ,
           King
           Canutus
           left
           a
           testimony
           ,
           whereby
           he
           most
           expresly
           asserteth
           the
           Sea
           to
           be
           a
           part
           of
           his
           Dominion
           :
           for
           placing
           himself
           by
           the
           Sea-side
           on
           Southampton
           shore
           ,
           he
           is
           reported
           to
           have
           made
           trial
           of
           the
           Seas
           obedience
           in
           this
           manner
           :
           
             Thou
             ,
             O
             Sea
             ,
             art
             under
             my
             Dominion
             ,
             as
             the
             Land
             also
             which
             I
             sit
             upon
             is
             mine
             :
             therefore
             I
             command
             thee
             not
             to
             wet
             the
             feet
             or
             garments
             of
             thy
             Soveraign
             .
          
           Although
           the
           event
           did
           not
           answer
           his
           expectation
           ,
           yet
           by
           this
           he
           professed
           himself
           to
           be
           Soveraign
           of
           the
           Seas
           as
           well
           as
           of
           the
           Land.
           
        
         
           There
           is
           nothing
           more
           clear
           ,
           than
           that
           the
           Kings
           of
           England
           have
           been
           accustomed
           to
           constitute
           Governours
           ,
           who
           had
           a
           charge
           to
           guard
           the
           English
           Sea
           ,
           and
           these
           were
           called
           
             Custodes
             Maritimi
          
           .
           In
           this
           number
           you
           shall
           find
           in
           
           Parliamentary
           Rolls
           of
           the
           48
           of
           Hen.
           3.
           
           
             Thomas
             de
             Moleton
          
           ,
           who
           is
           called
           Captain
           and
           Guardian
           of
           the
           Sea
           ;
           this
           Title
           was
           afterwards
           changed
           into
           Admiral
           ,
           in
           the
           days
           of
           Edward
           the
           third
           :
           The
           principal
           end
           of
           calling
           that
           Parliament
           ,
           was
           concerning
           the
           preservation
           of
           Peace
           both
           by
           Land
           and
           Sea
           ;
           giving
           us
           to
           understand
           ,
           that
           the
           Land
           and
           Sea
           together
           ,
           made
           one
           entire
           Body
           of
           the
           Kingdom
           of
           England
           .
        
         
           And
           that
           the
           Dominion
           of
           the
           Seas
           is
           properly
           in
           the
           Power
           and
           Jurisdiction
           of
           the
           King
           ,
           may
           appear
           by
           those
           Tributes
           and
           Customs
           that
           were
           imposed
           and
           payed
           for
           the
           guard
           and
           protection
           of
           those
           Seas
           ;
           and
           this
           was
           paid
           to
           the
           Reign
           of
           King
           Stephen
           .
           Since
           ,
           Subsidies
           have
           been
           demanded
           of
           the
           people
           in
           Parliament
           upon
           the
           same
           account
           .
        
         
           Neither
           was
           this
           imposed
           only
           on
           the
           English
           ,
           but
           also
           upon
           the
           
           ships
           of
           Forreigners
           ,
           every
           Vessel
           paying
           after
           the
           rate
           of
           six
           pence
           a
           Tun
           that
           passed
           by
           ,
           such
           ships
           only
           excepted
           that
           brought
           Merchandize
           out
           of
           Flanders
           .
           If
           a
           Vessel
           were
           employed
           to
           fish
           for
           Herrings
           ,
           it
           payed
           six
           pence
           a
           week
           for
           every
           Tun
           ;
           if
           for
           other
           fish
           ,
           so
           much
           was
           to
           be
           paid
           every
           three
           weeks
           ;
           as
           they
           who
           brought
           Coles
           from
           Newcastle
           to
           London
           ,
           every
           three
           months
           .
           Mr.
           Selden
           that
           learned
           Antiquary
           affirmeth
           ,
           That
           before
           a
           Court
           of
           Delegates
           in
           France
           ,
           in
           express
           terms
           it
           hath
           been
           acknowledged
           ,
           That
           the
           King
           of
           England
           hath
           ever
           been
           Lord
           not
           only
           of
           the
           Sea
           ,
           but
           of
           the
           Islands
           therein
           contained
           ,
           upon
           the
           account
           of
           being
           King
           of
           England
           .
        
         
           But
           to
           give
           greater
           light
           to
           this
           truth
           ,
           we
           may
           from
           several
           Records
           produce
           many
           testimonies
           ,
           That
           the
           Kings
           of
           England
           have
           given
           leave
           to
           Forreigners
           ,
           upon
           
           request
           ,
           to
           pass
           through
           their
           seas
           .
           There
           are
           innumerable
           Letters
           of
           safe
           conducts
           in
           the
           Records
           ,
           especially
           of
           Henry
           the
           fifth
           and
           sixth
           ;
           and
           it
           is
           worthy
           of
           observation
           ,
           that
           those
           Letters
           were
           directed
           by
           those
           Kings
           to
           their
           Governors
           ,
           or
           Sea
           Admirals
           ,
           Vice-Admirals
           ,
           and
           Sea-Captains
           .
        
         
           And
           to
           clear
           all
           at
           once
           :
           The
           Kings
           of
           England
           have
           such
           an
           absolute
           Dominion
           in
           the
           English
           seas
           ,
           that
           they
           have
           called
           the
           Sea
           it self
           their
           Admiralty
           :
           and
           this
           we
           find
           in
           a
           Commission
           of
           Edward
           the
           Third
           ,
           the
           Title
           whereof
           is
           
             de
             Navibus
             Arestandis
             &
             Capiendis
          
           .
        
         
           And
           as
           a
           freedom
           of
           Passage
           ,
           so
           a
           liberty
           of
           Fishing
           ,
           hath
           been
           obtained
           by
           Petition
           from
           the
           Kings
           of
           England
           .
           We
           read
           that
           Henry
           the
           sixth
           gave
           leave
           to
           the
           French
           ,
           and
           other
           Forreigners
           ,
           sometimes
           for
           a
           year
           ,
           sometimes
           but
           for
           six
           months
           ,
           to
           go
           and
           fish
           throughout
           his
           seas
           ,
           provided
           that
           
           the
           Fishing-boats
           and
           Busses
           ,
           exceeded
           not
           the
           burthen
           of
           thirty
           Tuns
           ;
           and
           if
           any
           Forreigners
           whatever
           should
           molest
           or
           disturb
           any
           of
           the
           King's
           subjects
           as
           they
           were
           fishing
           ,
           they
           were
           forthwith
           to
           lose
           their
           License
           ,
           and
           the
           benefit
           thereof
           .
        
         
           In
           the
           Eastern
           Sea
           ,
           which
           washeth
           the
           Coasts
           of
           
             York
             shire
          
           ,
           it
           hath
           been
           an
           ancient
           custom
           for
           the
           Hollanders
           and
           Zealanders
           to
           obtain
           leave
           by
           petitioning
           the
           Governour
           of
           
           Scarborough-Castle
           .
           
             It
             is
             worth
             the
             while
          
           (
           saith
           the
           Reverend
           Mr.
           
             Cambden
             )
             to
             observe
             what
             an
             extraordinary
             gain
             the
          
           Hollanders
           
             do
             make
             of
             fishing
             on
             the
          
           English
           
             Seas
             ,
             having
             first
             obtained
             leave
             from
             the
             Castle
             of
          
           Scarborough
           ;
           
             for
             the
          
           English
           
             have
             ever
             granted
             them
             leave
             to
             fish
             ,
             reserving
             always
             the
             Honour
             and
             Priviledg
             to
             themselves
             ,
             but
             through
             Negligence
             resigning
             the
             Profit
             to
             Strangers
             .
          
           King
           James
           took
           special
           care
           
           that
           no
           Forreigner
           should
           fish
           on
           the
           English
           or
           Irish
           seas
           ,
           without
           leave
           first
           obtained
           ;
           and
           every
           year
           at
           the
           least
           this
           leave
           was
           renewed
           by
           the
           Commissioners
           for
           that
           purpose
           at
           London
           .
        
         
           A
           remarkable
           Example
           of
           Fishing
           in
           this
           nature
           we
           find
           in
           the
           days
           of
           Henry
           the
           Fourth
           .
           An
           Agreement
           was
           made
           between
           the
           Kings
           of
           England
           and
           France
           ,
           That
           the
           subjects
           of
           both
           Kingdoms
           might
           freely
           fish
           throughout
           part
           of
           that
           Sea
           which
           is
           bounded
           on
           this
           side
           by
           the
           Ports
           of
           Scarborough
           and
           Southampton
           ,
           and
           on
           the
           other
           side
           by
           the
           Coast
           of
           Flanders
           ,
           and
           the
           mouth
           of
           the
           River
           Seine
           ;
           the
           time
           was
           also
           limited
           betwixt
           Autumn
           and
           the
           beginning
           of
           January
           .
           And
           that
           the
           French
           might
           securely
           enjoy
           the
           benefit
           of
           this
           Agreement
           ,
           the
           King
           of
           England
           sent
           Letters
           to
           all
           his
           Sea-Captainsand
           Commanders
           .
        
         
         
           By
           this
           we
           may
           plainly
           see
           ,
           that
           these
           Limits
           wholly
           excluded
           the
           French
           from
           that
           part
           of
           the
           Sea
           which
           lies
           towards
           the
           West
           and
           South-west
           ;
           as
           also
           ,
           that
           which
           lieth
           North-east
           of
           them
           ,
           as
           being
           so
           limited
           by
           our
           Henry
           at
           his
           own
           pleasure
           ,
           as
           sole
           Lord
           and
           Soveraign
           of
           the
           Whole
           .
        
         
           There
           is
           amongst
           the
           Records
           of
           Edward
           the
           first
           ,
           an
           Inscription
           
             pro
             Hominibus
             Hollandiae
          
           ,
           &c.
           for
           the
           men
           of
           
             Holland
             ,
             Zealand
          
           ,
           and
           Friesland
           ,
           to
           have
           leave
           to
           fish
           near
           Yarmouth
           ;
           the
           King's
           Letter
           for
           their
           protection
           runneth
           in
           these
           words
           :
        
         
           The
           King
           to
           his
           beloved
           and
           trusty
           
             John
             de
             Butelarte
          
           ,
           Warden
           of
           his
           Port
           of
           
             Iernemuth
             (
             now
             called
          
           Yarmouth
           )
           Greeting
           :
           For
           as
           much
           as
           we
           have
           been
           certified
           ,
           that
           many
           men
           out
           of
           the
           parts
           of
           
             Holland
             ,
             Zealand
          
           ,
           and
           Friesland
           ,
           who
           are
           in
           amity
           with
           us
           ,
           intend
           now
           to
           come
           and
           fish
           in
           our
           Seas
           near
           
           unto
           Iernemuth
           ;
           We
           command
           you
           ,
           That
           publick
           Proclamation
           be
           made
           once
           or
           twice
           every
           week
           ,
           that
           no
           person
           whatsoever
           employed
           abroad
           in
           our
           service
           ,
           presume
           to
           cause
           any
           injury
           ,
           trouble
           ,
           damage
           ,
           hindrance
           ,
           or
           grievance
           ,
           to
           be
           done
           unto
           them
           ;
           but
           rather
           ,
           when
           they
           stand
           in
           need
           ,
           that
           you
           give
           them
           advice
           and
           assistance
           in
           such
           manner
           ,
           that
           they
           may
           fish
           and
           pursue
           their
           own
           advantage
           without
           any
           lett
           or
           impediment
           .
           In
           testimony
           whereof
           ,
           we
           have
           caused
           these
           Letters
           to
           be
           made
           Patents
           ,
           and
           to
           continue
           in
           force
           till
           after
           the
           Feast
           of
           St.
           Martins
           next
           ensuing
           .
        
         
           Here
           you
           see
           that
           the
           King
           granteth
           a
           Protection
           to
           fish
           ;
           and
           he
           limits
           it
           within
           the
           space
           of
           two
           months
           .
           He
           alone
           also
           protected
           the
           Fisher-men
           on
           the
           German
           Coast
           ;
           nor
           might
           the
           Fishermen
           use
           any
           other
           Vessels
           than
           what
           were
           prescribed
           by
           our
           Kings
           .
           Upon
           which
           accounts
           all
           
           kinds
           of
           fishing
           was
           sometimes
           prohibited
           ,
           and
           sometimes
           admitted
           ;
           this
           restriction
           being
           added
           ,
           That
           they
           should
           fish
           only
           in
           such
           Vessels
           as
           were
           under
           the
           burden
           of
           thirty
           Tuns
           .
           And
           this
           appears
           by
           the
           Letters
           of
           King
           Edward
           the
           third
           concerning
           the
           Laws
           of
           fishing
           which
           were
           directed
           unto
           the
           Governours
           of
           several
           Ports
           and
           Towns
           on
           the
           Eastern
           shore
           :
           the
           words
           are
           these
           :
        
         
           
             For
             as
             much
             as
             we
             have
             given
             leave
             and
             license
             to
             the
             Fishermen
             of
             the
             Neighbouring-Ports
             ,
             and
             to
             others
             who
             shall
             be
             willing
             to
             come
             unto
             them
             for
             the
             benefit
             of
             fishing
             ,
             that
             they
             may
             fish
             and
             make
             their
             own
             advantage
             with
             Ships
             and
             Boats
             under
             the
             burden
             of
             Thirty
             Tuns
             ,
             any
             Prohibition
             or
             Command
             of
             ours
             to
             the
             contrary
             notwithstanding
             .
             We
             command
             you
             to
             permit
             the
             Fishermen
             of
             the
             said
             Towns
             and
             others
             who
             shall
             be
             willing
             to
          
           
           
             come
             to
             the
             said
             places
             for
             the
             benefit
             of
             fishing
             ,
             to
             fish
             and
             make
             their
             own
             advantage
             with
             Ships
             and
             Boats
             under
             the
             burden
             of
             thirty
             Tun
             ,
             without
             any
             lett
             or
             impediment
             ;
             any
             Prohibitions
             or
             Commands
             of
             ours
             made
             to
             the
             contrary
             in
             any
             wise
             notwithstanding
             .
          
        
         
           This
           is
           evident
           also
           in
           the
           Records
           of
           King
           Edward
           the
           fourth
           ;
           for
           he
           invested
           three
           persons
           with
           Naval
           Power
           ,
           whose
           Office
           it
           was
           to
           guard
           and
           protect
           the
           Fishermen
           upon
           the
           Coasts
           of
           Norfolk
           and
           Suffolk
           ;
           and
           the
           charges
           of
           the
           Guard
           were
           defrayed
           by
           the
           Fishermen
           of
           the
           said
           Seas
           at
           the
           pleasure
           of
           the
           King
           of
           England
           .
           Neither
           were
           any
           persons
           admitted
           to
           a
           Partnership
           in
           this
           kind
           of
           Guard
           ,
           except
           those
           who
           were
           appointed
           by
           the
           King
           of
           England
           ;
           lest
           by
           this
           means
           perhaps
           it
           might
           derogate
           from
           the
           English
           Right
           ;
           which
           is
           a
           manifest
           sign
           
           and
           evidence
           of
           their
           Dominion
           and
           Possession
           of
           the
           place
           .
        
         
           And
           this
           may
           yet
           more
           clearly
           appear
           by
           the
           Limits
           and
           Laws
           usually
           set
           by
           our
           King
           to
           such
           Forreigners
           as
           were
           at
           enmity
           with
           each
           other
           ,
           but
           with
           amity
           with
           the
           English
           :
           and
           to
           this
           effect
           is
           the
           Proclamation
           of
           
             King
             James
          
           ;
           who
           having
           made
           peace
           with
           all
           Nations
           ,
           did
           give
           equal
           Protection
           to
           the
           Spaniards
           and
           the
           
             Vnited
             Netherlands
          
           ,
           at
           that
           time
           exercising
           acts
           of
           great
           hostility
           one
           against
           another
           :
           
             Our
             pleasure
          
           (
           saith
           he
           )
           
             and
             commandment
             is
             to
             all
             our
             Officres
             and
             Subjects
             by
             Sea
             and
             Land
             ,
             That
             they
             shall
             prohibit
             as
             much
             as
             in
             them
             lieth
             ,
             all
             hovering
             of
             Men
             of
             Warr
             of
             either
          
           Spaniard
           or
           Hollander
           
             near
             to
             the
             entry
             of
             any
             of
             our
             Coasts
             or
             Havens
             :
             and
             that
             they
             shall
             rescue
             and
             succour
             all
             Merchants
             and
             others
             that
             shall
             fall
             within
             the
             danger
             of
             any
             such
          
           
           
             as
             shall
             await
             our
             Coasts
          
           .
        
         
           And
           it
           is
           further
           to
           be
           observed
           ,
           that
           as
           our
           Kings
           have
           very
           often
           commanded
           ,
           that
           all
           manner
           of
           persons
           should
           cease
           from
           hostility
           throughout
           all
           the
           places
           extended
           into
           their
           Territories
           by
           sea
           :
           so
           they
           indulged
           the
           like
           priviledg
           for
           ever
           throughout
           the
           more
           Neighbouring-coasts
           of
           the
           French
           shore
           ,
           That
           all
           manner
           of
           persons
           ,
           though
           enemies
           one
           to
           another
           ,
           should
           securely
           sail
           to
           and
           fro
           ,
           as
           it
           were
           under
           the
           wings
           of
           an
           Arbitrator
           or
           Moderator
           of
           the
           Sea
           ;
           and
           also
           should
           freely
           use
           the
           Sea
           ,
           according
           to
           such
           spaces
           and
           limits
           as
           they
           were
           pleased
           at
           first
           to
           appoint
           ;
           which
           ,
           without
           doubt
           ,
           is
           a
           clear
           evidence
           of
           Dominion
           .
        
         
           In
           the
           next
           place
           I
           shall
           cite
           some
           of
           the
           Publick
           Records
           kept
           in
           the
           Tower
           of
           London
           ,
           in
           which
           the
           Dominion
           of
           the
           Seas
           is
           expresly
           
           asserted
           ,
           as
           belonging
           to
           the
           Kings
           of
           England
           .
        
         
           We
           read
           that
           Edward
           the
           third
           ,
           in
           his
           Commissions
           given
           to
           
             Geofry
             de
             Say
          
           ,
           Governour
           or
           Commander
           of
           the
           Southern
           and
           Western
           Seas
           ,
           and
           to
           
             John
             de
             Norwich
          
           of
           the
           Northern
           ;
           expresseth
           himself
           in
           these
           following
           words
           :
        
         
           
             We
             calling
             to
             mind
             that
             our
             Progenitors
             the
             Kings
             of
             England
             having
             before
             these
             times
             been
             Lords
             of
             the
             English
             Sea
             on
             every
             side
             ,
             yea
             ,
             and
             Defenders
             thereof
             against
             the
             Invasions
             of
             Enemies
             ;
             do
             strictly
             require
             and
             charge
             you
             by
             the
             Duty
             and
             Allegiance
             wherein
             you
             stand
             bound
             ,
             That
             you
             set
             forth
             to
             Sea
             with
             the
             ships
             of
             the
             Ports
             ,
             and
             the
             other
             ships
             that
             are
             ready
             ;
             and
             that
             you
             arrest
             the
             other
             ships
             under
             our
             Command
             ;
             and
             that
             with
             all
             diligence
             you
             make
             search
             after
             the
             Gallies
             and
             Ships
             of
             Warr
             that
             are
             abroad
             against
             Vs
             ,
             and
             that
             
             stoutly
             and
             manfully
             you
             set
             upon
             them
             ,
             if
             they
             shall
             presume
             to
             bend
             their
             course
             to
             any
             part
             of
             our
             Dominions
             ,
             or
             the
             Coasts
             of
             Scotland
             ,
             &c.
             
          
        
         
           We
           read
           also
           in
           the
           Reign
           of
           the
           said
           King
           ,
           in
           the
           preferring
           a
           certain
           Bill
           in
           Parliament
           (
           which
           is
           the
           voice
           of
           the
           State
           of
           the
           Realm
           )
           that
           he
           was
           usually
           accounted
           King
           or
           Soveraign
           of
           the
           Seas
           by
           all
           Nations
           ;
           written
           in
           French
           ,
           and
           thus
           translated
           into
           English
           :
        
         
           
             The
             Nation
             of
             the
             English
             were
             ever
             in
             the
             Ages
             past
             ,
             renowned
             for
             Sea-Affairs
             in
             all
             Countries
             near
             the
             Seas
             :
             and
             they
             had
             also
             so
             numerous
             a
             Navy
             ,
             that
             the
             people
             of
             all
             Countreys
             esteemed
             and
             called
             the
             King
             of
             Edgland
             ,
             the
             King
             or
             Soveraign
             of
             the
             Sea.
             
          
        
         
         
           Another
           Testimony
           to
           the
           same
           effect
           we
           read
           in
           the
           Parliamentary
           Records
           of
           Henry
           the
           fifth
           ,
           where
           the
           tenour
           of
           the
           Bill
           runs
           after
           this
           manner
           :
        
         
           
             The
             Commons
             do
             pray
             ,
             That
             seeing
             our
             Soveraign
             Lord
             the
             King
             ,
             and
             his
             illustrious
             Progenitors
             ,
             have
             ever
             been
             Lords
             of
             the
             Sea
             ;
             and
             now
             seeing
             through
             God's
             grace
             it
             is
             now
             come
             to
             pass
             ,
             that
             our
             Lord
             the
             King
             is
             Lord
             of
             the
             shores
             on
             both
             sides
             the
             Sea
             ,
             such
             a
             Tribute
             may
             be
             imposed
             on
             all
             Strangers
             passing
             through
             the
             said
             Sea
             ,
             for
             the
             benefit
             and
             advantage
             of
             our
             said
             Lord
             the
             King
             ,
             as
             may
             seem
             agreeable
             to
             Reason
             for
             the
             safeguard
             of
             the
             said
             Sea.
             
          
           The
           Answer
           subscribed
           to
           the
           Bill
           was
           ,
           
             Soit
             avise
             par
             le
             Roy
          
           :
           for
           the
           King
           at
           that
           time
           resided
           in
           France
           ,
           being
           Lord
           of
           that
           Countrey
           as
           well
           by
           Conquest
           as
           Inheritance
           .
        
         
           Many
           other
           Testimonies
           in
           this
           
           nature
           may
           be
           produced
           ,
           which
           to
           avoid
           prolixity
           I
           must
           omit
           .
        
         
           Neither
           hath
           the
           High
           Court
           of
           Parliament
           only
           given
           this
           attestation
           to
           our
           Kings
           as
           Supream
           and
           Soveraign
           of
           the
           Seas
           ;
           but
           to
           confirm
           it
           ,
           all
           the
           Judges
           of
           the
           Land
           were
           consulted
           herein
           ,
           and
           all
           jointly
           averred
           ,
           That
           the
           King's
           Sea-Dominion
           ,
           which
           they
           called
           the
           Ancient
           Superiority
           of
           the
           Sea
           ,
           was
           a
           matter
           out
           of
           question
           his
           Right
           .
        
         
           Neither
           is
           this
           Truth
           confirmed
           only
           by
           our
           Laws
           ,
           but
           by
           our
           Medals
           .
           There
           hath
           been
           a
           piece
           of
           Gold
           often
           coined
           by
           our
           Kings
           ,
           called
           a
           Rose-Noble
           ,
           upon
           the
           one
           side
           whereof
           was
           stamped
           a
           Ship
           floating
           in
           the
           Sea
           ,
           and
           a
           King
           armed
           with
           a
           Sword
           and
           Shield
           ,
           sitting
           in
           the
           Ship
           it self
           as
           in
           a
           Throne
           .
        
         
           But
           what
           need
           we
           labour
           to
           produce
           so
           many
           Testimonies
           at
           home
           ,
           from
           our
           Records
           in
           the
           
           Tower
           ,
           and
           other
           places
           ,
           from
           our
           High
           Courts
           of
           Parliament
           ,
           from
           our
           Laws
           ,
           from
           our
           Coyn
           ,
           and
           from
           our
           Histories
           ,
           to
           prove
           this
           Truth
           ,
           since
           it
           is
           acknowledged
           even
           by
           Forreigners
           themselves
           ,
           whom
           it
           most
           concerneth
           ,
           by
           striking
           sail
           according
           to
           the
           ancient
           custom
           ,
           by
           every
           ship
           of
           any
           forreign
           Nation
           whatsoever
           ,
           to
           any
           King's
           Man
           of
           War
           ,
           which
           is
           done
           not
           only
           in
           Honour
           to
           the
           King
           of
           England
           ,
           but
           also
           in
           acknowledgment
           of
           his
           Soveraignty
           and
           Dominion
           at
           sea
           .
           The
           Antiquity
           of
           this
           Custom
           ,
           and
           that
           it
           hath
           been
           in
           use
           above
           these
           four
           hundred
           years
           ,
           may
           appear
           by
           this
           following
           Testimony
           :
        
         
           At
           Hastings
           ,
           a
           Town
           scituate
           on
           the
           shore
           of
           Sussex
           ,
           it
           was
           decreed
           by
           King
           John
           ,
           and
           the
           assent
           of
           his
           Peers
           ,
           in
           the
           second
           year
           of
           his
           reign
           ,
           That
           if
           the
           Governour
           or
           Commander
           of
           the
           King's
           Navy
           ,
           in
           his
           Naval-Expeditions
           ,
           
           shall
           meet
           with
           any
           ships
           whatsoever
           at
           sea
           laden
           or
           empty
           ,
           that
           shall
           refuse
           to
           strike
           their
           sails
           at
           the
           command
           of
           the
           King's
           Governour
           or
           Admiral
           ,
           they
           are
           to
           be
           looked
           on
           as
           Enemies
           ,
           &c.
           Mr.
           Selden
           in
           his
           excellent
           Treatise
           called
           
             Mare
             Clausum
          
           ,
           saith
           ,
           
             If
             any
             ship
             whatsoever
             had
             not
             acknowledged
             the
             Dominion
             of
             the
             King
             of
          
           England
           
             in
             his
             own
             sea
             ,
             by
             striking
             sail
             ,
             they
             were
             not
             to
             be
             protected
             on
             any
             account
             of
             Amity
             ,
             and
             Penalties
             were
             appointed
             by
             the
             Kings
             of
          
           England
           
             in
             the
             same
             manner
             ,
             as
             if
             mention
             were
             made
             concerning
             a
             crime
             committed
             in
             some
             Territory
             of
             his
             Land.
             
          
        
         
           But
           above
           all
           that
           yet
           hath
           been
           said
           ,
           There
           cannot
           be
           produced
           a
           more
           convincing
           Argument
           than
           the
           acknowledgment
           of
           the
           Sea-Dominion
           of
           the
           King
           of
           England
           by
           very
           many
           of
           our
           Neighbouring-Nations
           .
        
         
         
           At
           what
           time
           the
           Agreement
           was
           made
           between
           Edward
           the
           first
           of
           England
           ,
           and
           Philip
           the
           Fair
           of
           
             France
             ,
             Reyner
             Grimbald
          
           Governour
           of
           the
           French
           Navy
           ,
           intercepted
           and
           spoiled
           on
           the
           English
           Seas
           the
           Goods
           of
           many
           Merchants
           that
           were
           going
           to
           Flanders
           ;
           and
           not
           contented
           with
           the
           depredation
           of
           their
           Commodities
           ,
           he
           imprisoned
           their
           Persons
           :
           Hereupon
           a
           Bill
           was
           exhibited
           against
           the
           said
           
             Reyner
             Grimbald
          
           ,
           and
           managed
           by
           Procurators
           on
           the
           behalf
           of
           the
           Peers
           and
           People
           of
           the
           English
           Nation
           ;
           with
           these
           were
           joined
           the
           Procurators
           of
           most
           Nations
           bordering
           upon
           the
           Sea
           throughout
           Europe
           ;
           all
           these
           instituted
           a
           Complaint
           ;
           and
           all
           these
           Complainants
           in
           their
           Bill
           do
           jointly
           affirm
           ,
           That
           the
           King
           of
           England
           and
           his
           Predecessors
           have
           time
           out
           of
           mind
           ,
           and
           without
           controversie
           ,
           enjoyed
           the
           Soveraignty
           and
           Dominion
           of
           the
           
           
             English
             Seas
          
           ,
           and
           the
           Isles
           belonging
           to
           the
           same
           ,
           by
           right
           of
           their
           Realm
           of
           England
           :
           also
           ,
           that
           they
           have
           had
           ,
           and
           have
           the
           Soveraign
           Guard
           thereof
           ,
           with
           all
           manner
           of
           Cognizance
           and
           Jurisdiction
           ,
           in
           doing
           Right
           and
           Justice
           according
           to
           the
           said
           Laws
           ,
           Ordinances
           ,
           and
           Prohibitions
           ,
           with
           all
           other
           matters
           which
           may
           concern
           the
           exercise
           of
           Soveraign
           Dominion
           in
           the
           said
           places
           .
        
         
           But
           more
           particularly
           ,
           We
           do
           find
           an
           acknowledgment
           of
           the
           Sea-Dominion
           of
           the
           Kings
           of
           England
           ,
           made
           by
           the
           Flemmings
           themselves
           in
           the
           Parliament
           of
           England
           ,
           in
           the
           Reign
           of
           Edward
           the
           second
           ;
           the
           Records
           of
           the
           Parliament
           speak
           it
           thus
           :
        
         
           In
           the
           fourteenth
           year
           of
           the
           Reign
           of
           Edward
           the
           second
           ,
           there
           appeared
           certain
           Embassadors
           of
           the
           Earl
           of
           Flanders
           to
           treat
           about
           the
           reformation
           of
           some
           injuries
           they
           received
           :
           and
           
           as
           soon
           as
           the
           said
           Ambassadors
           had
           been
           admitted
           by
           our
           Lord
           the
           King
           to
           treat
           of
           the
           said
           Injuries
           ,
           amongst
           other
           particulars
           they
           required
           ,
           That
           the
           said
           Lord
           the
           King
           would
           at
           his
           own
           suit
           by
           vertue
           of
           his
           Royal
           Authority
           ,
           cause
           enquiry
           to
           be
           made
           ,
           and
           do
           justice
           about
           a
           depredation
           by
           the
           subjects
           of
           England
           upon
           the
           English
           seas
           ,
           taking
           Wines
           and
           other
           Commodities
           from
           certain
           Merchants
           of
           Flanders
           ;
           alledging
           ,
           that
           the
           said
           Merchandizes
           taken
           from
           the
           Flemmings
           ,
           were
           brought
           within
           the
           Realm
           and
           Jurisdiction
           of
           the
           King
           ;
           and
           that
           it
           belonged
           to
           the
           King
           to
           see
           Justice
           done
           ,
           in
           regard
           that
           
             He
             is
             Lord
             of
             the
             Sea.
             
          
        
         
           In
           the
           seventh
           year
           of
           King
           James
           ,
           this
           Right
           was
           very
           strenuously
           asserted
           by
           Proclamation
           ,
           and
           all
           persons
           excluded
           from
           the
           use
           of
           the
           seas
           upon
           our
           Coasts
           ,
           without
           particular
           License
           ;
           but
           
           the
           Hollander
           continuing
           his
           encroachments
           till
           after
           the
           death
           of
           that
           wise
           and
           learned
           King
           ;
           CHARLES
           the
           First
           of
           ever
           blessed
           memory
           ,
           issued
           a
           Proclamation
           for
           restraint
           of
           fishing
           upon
           his
           Seas
           and
           Coasts
           without
           License
           ,
           in
           these
           terms
           :
        
         
           
             
               
                 
                   Whereas
                   our
                   Father
                   of
                   blessed
                   memory
                   ,
                   King
                   James
                   ,
                   did
                   in
                   the
                   seventh
                   year
                   of
                   his
                   Reign
                   of
                   
                     Great
                     Britain
                  
                   ,
                   set
                   forth
                   a
                   Proclamation
                   touching
                   Fishing
                   ,
                   whereby
                   for
                   the
                   many
                   important
                   Reasons
                   exprest
                   therein
                   ,
                   all
                   persons
                   of
                   what
                   Nation
                   or
                   quality
                   soever
                   (
                   being
                   not
                   his
                   natural
                   born
                   subjects
                   )
                   were
                   restrained
                   from
                   fishing
                   upon
                   any
                   the
                   Coasts
                   and
                   Seas
                   of
                   
                     Great
                     Britain
                     ,
                     Ireland
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   rest
                   of
                   the
                   Isles
                   adjacent
                   ,
                   where
                   most
                   usually
                   heretofore
                   fishing
                   had
                   been
                   ,
                   until
                   they
                   had
                   orderly
                   demanded
                   and
                   obtained
                   Licenses
                   from
                   our
                   said
                   
                   Father
                   ,
                   or
                   his
                   Commissioners
                   in
                   that
                   behalf
                   ,
                   upon
                   pain
                   of
                   such
                   chastisement
                   as
                   should
                   be
                   fit
                   to
                   be
                   inflicted
                   on
                   such
                   wilful
                   offenders
                   :
                   Since
                   which
                   time
                   ,
                   albeit
                   neither
                   Our
                   Father
                   ,
                   nor
                   Our Self
                   ,
                   have
                   made
                   any
                   considerable
                   execution
                   of
                   the
                   said
                   Proclamation
                   ,
                   but
                   have
                   with
                   much
                   patience
                   expected
                   a
                   voluntary
                   conformity
                   of
                   our
                   Neighbours
                   and
                   Allies
                   to
                   so
                   just
                   and
                   reasonable
                   Prohibitions
                   and
                   Directions
                   as
                   are
                   contained
                   in
                   the
                   same
                   .
                
                 
                   And
                   now
                   finding
                   by
                   experience
                   ,
                   that
                   all
                   the
                   Inconveniencies
                   which
                   occasioned
                   that
                   Proclamation
                   ,
                   are
                   rather
                   encreased
                   than
                   abated
                   :
                   We
                   ,
                   being
                   very
                   sensible
                   of
                   the
                   Premises
                   ,
                   and
                   well
                   knowing
                   how
                   far
                   We
                   are
                   obliged
                   to
                   maintain
                   in
                   Honour
                   the
                   Rights
                   of
                   our
                   Crown
                   ,
                   especially
                   of
                   so
                   great
                   consequence
                   ,
                   have
                   thought
                   it
                   necessary
                   by
                   the
                   Advice
                   of
                   our
                   Privy-Council
                   ,
                   to
                   
                   renew
                   the
                   aforesaid
                   Restraint
                   of
                   Fishing
                   upon
                   Our
                   aforesaid
                   Coasts
                   and
                   Seas
                   without
                   License
                   first
                   obtained
                   from
                   Us
                   :
                   And
                   by
                   these
                   Presents
                   do
                   make
                   publick
                   Declaration
                   ,
                   That
                   Our
                   Resolution
                   is
                   (
                   at
                   times
                   convenient
                   )
                   to
                   keep
                   such
                   a
                   competent
                   strength
                   of
                   Shipping
                   upon
                   Our
                   seas
                   ,
                   as
                   may
                   (
                   by
                   God's
                   blessing
                   )
                   be
                   sufficient
                   both
                   to
                   hinder
                   such
                   farther
                   Encroachments
                   upon
                   Our
                   Regalities
                   ,
                   and
                   Assist
                   and
                   Protect
                   those
                   Our
                   good
                   Friends
                   and
                   Allies
                   who
                   shall
                   henceforth
                   by
                   vertue
                   of
                   Our
                   Licenses
                   (
                   to
                   be
                   first
                   obtained
                   )
                   endeavour
                   to
                   take
                   the
                   benefit
                   of
                   Fishing
                   upon
                   Our
                   Coasts
                   and
                   Seas
                   in
                   the
                   places
                   accustomed
                   .
                
                 
                   
                     Given
                     at
                     our
                     Palace
                     of
                     Westminster
                     ,
                     &c.
                     
                  
                
              
            
          
        
         
           This
           Proclamation
           being
           set
           forth
           in
           the
           year
           1636
           ,
           served
           to
           speak
           the
           intent
           of
           those
           Naval-Preparations
           
           made
           before
           in
           the
           year
           1635
           ,
           which
           were
           so
           numerous
           and
           well
           provided
           ,
           that
           our
           
           Neatherland-Neighbours
           being
           touched
           with
           the
           apprehension
           of
           some
           great
           design
           in
           hand
           for
           the
           Interest
           of
           England
           by
           Sea
           ,
           and
           of
           the
           guilt
           that
           lay
           upon
           their
           own
           Consciences
           for
           their
           bold
           Encroachments
           ,
           soon
           betrayed
           their
           jealousies
           and
           fears
           ,
           and
           in
           them
           a
           sense
           of
           their
           offences
           ,
           before
           ever
           the
           Proclamation
           was
           made
           publick
           ;
           as
           I
           might
           shew
           at
           large
           if
           it
           were
           requisite
           .
           Instead
           whereof
           ,
           I
           shall
           only
           insert
           Secretary
           Cook
           's
           Letter
           ,
           written
           to
           Sir
           
             William
             Boswel
          
           the
           King
           's
           Resident
           then
           at
           the
           Hague
           ;
           in
           which
           Letter
           you
           will
           understand
           the
           grounds
           and
           reasons
           of
           that
           great
           Naval
           Preparation
           ,
           and
           the
           King's
           resolution
           to
           maintain
           the
           Right
           derived
           from
           his
           Ancestors
           in
           the
           Dominion
           of
           the
           seas
           ;
           and
           therefore
           I
           have
           here
           rendred
           a
           true
           
           Copy
           of
           it
           so
           far
           as
           concerns
           this
           business
           ,
           as
           most
           pertinent
           to
           our
           purpose
           .
        
         
           
             
               
                 SIR
                 ,
              
            
             
               BY
               your
               Letters
               ,
               and
               otherwise
               ,
               I
               perceive
               many
               jealousies
               and
               discourses
               are
               raised
               upon
               the
               preparation
               of
               His
               Majesties
               Fleet
               ;
               which
               is
               now
               in
               such
               forwardness
               ,
               we
               doubt
               not
               but
               within
               a
               month
               it
               will
               appear
               at
               sea
               .
               It
               is
               therefore
               expedient
               both
               for
               your
               satisfaction
               and
               direction
               ,
               to
               inform
               you
               particularly
               what
               was
               the
               occasion
               ,
               and
               what
               is
               His
               Majesties
               intention
               in
               this
               work
               .
            
             
               First
               ,
               We
               hold
               it
               a
               Principle
               not
               to
               be
               denied
               ,
               That
               the
               King
               of
               
                 Great
                 Britain
              
               is
               a
               Monarch
               at
               Land
               and
               Sea
               ,
               to
               the
               full
               extent
               of
               His
               Dominions
               ;
               and
               that
               it
               concerneth
               Him
               as
               much
               to
               maintain
               His
               Soveraignty
               in
               all
               the
               
                 Brittish
                 Seas
              
               ,
               as
               within
               His
               Three
               Kingdoms
               ;
               because
               without
               that
               ,
               these
               
               cannot
               be
               kept
               safe
               ,
               nor
               He
               preserve
               His
               Honour
               and
               due
               respects
               with
               other
               Nations
               .
               But
               commanding
               the
               Seas
               ,
               He
               may
               cause
               His
               Neighbours
               ,
               and
               all
               other
               Countries
               ,
               to
               stand
               upon
               their
               guard
               whensoever
               He
               thinks
               fit
               .
               And
               this
               cannot
               be
               doubted
               ,
               that
               whosoever
               will
               encroach
               on
               Him
               by
               Sea
               ,
               will
               do
               it
               by
               Land
               also
               ,
               when
               they
               see
               their
               time
               .
               To
               such
               presumption
               
                 Mare
                 Liberum
              
               gave
               the
               Warning-piece
               ,
               which
               must
               be
               answered
               with
               a
               defence
               of
               
                 Mare
                 Clausum
              
               ;
               not
               so
               much
               by
               Discourses
               ,
               as
               by
               the
               louder
               language
               of
               a
               powerful
               Navy
               ,
               to
               be
               better
               understood
               ,
               when
               overstrained
               Patience
               seeth
               no
               hope
               of
               preserving
               her
               Right
               by
               any
               other
               means
               .
            
             
               The
               degrees
               by
               which
               His
               Majesties
               Dominion
               at
               Sea
               hath
               of
               later
               years
               been
               first
               impeached
               ,
               and
               then
               questioned
               ,
               are
               as
               considerable
               as
               notorious
               .
            
             
             
               First
               ,
               To
               cherish
               ,
               and
               as
               it
               were
               to
               nourish
               our
               unthankful
               Neighbours
               .
               We
               gave
               them
               leave
               to
               gather
               Wealth
               and
               Strength
               upon
               our
               Coasts
               ,
               in
               our
               Ports
               ,
               by
               our
               Trade
               ,
               and
               by
               our
               People
               .
               Then
               they
               were
               glad
               to
               invite
               our
               Merchants
               residence
               with
               what
               Priviledges
               they
               desired
               .
               Then
               they
               offered
               us
               even
               the
               Soveraignty
               of
               their
               Estates
               ;
               and
               then
               they
               sued
               for
               License
               to
               fish
               on
               our
               Coasts
               ,
               and
               obtained
               it
               under
               the
               Great
               Seal
               of
               Scotland
               which
               now
               they
               suppress
               ;
               and
               when
               thus
               by
               leave
               or
               by
               connivence
               they
               had
               possessed
               themselves
               of
               our
               Fishings
               not
               only
               in
               Scotland
               ,
               but
               in
               Ireland
               and
               England
               ;
               and
               by
               our
               Staple
               had
               raised
               a
               great
               stock
               of
               Trade
               ;
               by
               these
               means
               they
               so
               encreased
               their
               Shipping
               and
               Power
               at
               Sea
               ,
               that
               now
               they
               endure
               not
               to
               be
               kept
               at
               any
               distance
               :
               nay
               ,
               they
               are
               grown
               to
               that
               confidence
               ,
               to
               keep
               Guards
               on
               our
               Seas
               ;
               
               then
               to
               project
               an
               Office
               and
               Company
               of
               Assurance
               for
               the
               advancement
               of
               Trade
               ;
               and
               withal
               prohibit
               us
               free
               commerce
               even
               within
               our
               own
               Seas
               ;
               and
               take
               our
               ships
               and
               goods
               ,
               if
               they
               conform
               not
               to
               their
               Placarts
               .
            
             
               What
               Insolencies
               and
               Cruelties
               they
               have
               committed
               against
               us
               heretofore
               ,
               in
               Ireland
               ,
               in
               Greenland
               ,
               and
               in
               the
               Indies
               ,
               is
               too
               well
               known
               to
               all
               the
               world
               .
               In
               all
               which
               ,
               though
               our
               Sufferings
               and
               their
               Wrongs
               may
               seem
               forgotten
               ;
               yet
               the
               great
               Interest
               of
               His
               Majesties
               Honour
               is
               still
               the
               same
               ,
               and
               will
               refresh
               their
               memories
               as
               there
               shall
               be
               cause
               .
               For
               ,
               though
               Charity
               must
               remit
               Wrongs
               done
               to
               private
               persons
               ,
               yet
               the
               reflection
               on
               the
               Publick
               may
               make
               it
               a
               greater
               Charity
               to
               do
               Justice
               on
               crying
               Crimes
               .
               All
               this
               notwithstanding
               ,
               you
               are
               not
               to
               conceive
               that
               the
               work
               of
               this
               Fleet
               is
               either
               Revenge
               or
               Execution
               of
               Justice
               
               for
               these
               great
               offences
               past
               ;
               but
               chiefly
               for
               the
               future
               to
               stop
               the
               violent
               Current
               of
               that
               Presumption
               ,
               whereby
               the
               Men
               of
               Warr
               and
               Free-booters
               of
               all
               Nations
               (
               abusing
               the
               favour
               of
               His
               Majesties
               peaceable
               and
               gracious
               Government
               ,
               whereby
               he
               hath
               permitted
               all
               His
               Friends
               &
               Allies
               to
               make
               use
               of
               His
               Seas
               and
               Ports
               in
               a
               reasonable
               and
               free
               manner
               ,
               and
               according
               to
               his
               Treaties
               )
               have
               taken
               upon
               them
               the
               boldness
               not
               only
               to
               come
               confidently
               at
               all
               times
               into
               all
               his
               Ports
               and
               Rivers
               ,
               but
               to
               convey
               their
               Merchants
               ships
               as
               high
               as
               his
               chief
               City
               ,
               and
               then
               to
               cast
               Anchor
               close
               upon
               his
               Magazines
               ,
               and
               to
               contemn
               the
               Commands
               of
               His
               Officers
               when
               they
               required
               a
               farther
               distance
               .
            
             
               But
               ,
               which
               is
               more
               intolerable
               ,
               have
               assaulted
               and
               taken
               one
               another
               within
               His
               Majesties
               Chamber
               ,
               and
               within
               his
               River
               ,
               to
               the
               
               scorn
               and
               contempt
               of
               His
               Dominion
               and
               Power
               .
               And
               this
               being
               of
               late
               years
               an
               ordinary
               practice
               which
               we
               have
               endeavoured
               in
               vain
               to
               reform
               by
               the
               ways
               of
               Justice
               ,
               and
               Treaties
               ;
               the
               World
               I
               think
               will
               now
               be
               satisfied
               ,
               that
               we
               have
               reason
               to
               look
               about
               us
               .
               And
               no
               wise
               man
               will
               doubt
               ,
               that
               it
               is
               high
               time
               to
               put
               our selves
               in
               this
               Equipage
               on
               the
               Seas
               ,
               and
               not
               to
               suffer
               the
               Stage
               of
               Action
               to
               be
               taken
               from
               Us
               for
               want
               of
               Our
               appearance
               .
            
             
               So
               you
               see
               the
               general
               ground
               upon
               which
               our
               Counsels
               stand
               .
               In
               particular
               you
               may
               take
               notice
               ,
               and
               publish
               as
               cause
               requires
               .
               That
               His
               Majesty
               by
               this
               Fleet
               intendeth
               not
               a
               rupture
               with
               any
               Prince
               or
               State
               ,
               nor
               to
               infringe
               any
               point
               of
               His
               Treaties
               ;
               but
               resolveth
               to
               continue
               and
               maintain
               that
               happy
               Peace
               wherewith
               God
               hath
               blessed
               His
               Kingdom
               and
               to
               which
               all
               His
               Actions
               and
               Negotiations
               have
               
               hitherto
               tended
               ,
               as
               by
               your
               own
               Instructions
               you
               may
               fully
               understand
               .
               But
               withal
               ,
               considering
               that
               Peace
               must
               be
               maintained
               by
               the
               Arm
               of
               Power
               ,
               which
               only
               keeps
               down
               Warr
               by
               keeping
               up
               Dominion
               ;
               His
               Majesty
               thus
               provoked
               ,
               finds
               it
               necessary
               ,
               even
               for
               His
               own
               defence
               and
               safety
               ,
               to
               reassume
               and
               keep
               his
               ancient
               and
               undoubted
               Right
               in
               the
               Dominion
               of
               these
               Seas
               ,
               and
               to
               suffer
               no
               other
               Prince
               or
               State
               to
               encroach
               upon
               Him
               ,
               thereby
               assuming
               to
               themselves
               or
               their
               Admirals
               any
               Soveraign
               Command
               ;
               but
               to
               force
               them
               to
               perform
               due
               homage
               to
               His
               Admirals
               and
               Ships
               ,
               and
               to
               pay
               them
               acknowledgments
               ,
               as
               in
               former
               times
               they
               did
               .
            
             
               He
               will
               also
               set
               open
               and
               protect
               the
               free
               Trade
               of
               his
               Subjects
               and
               Allies
               ,
               and
               give
               them
               such
               safe
               Conduct
               and
               Convoy
               as
               they
               shall
               reasonably
               require
               .
               He
               will
               suffer
               no
               other
               Fleets
               or
               Men
               of
               Warr
               
               to
               keep
               any
               Guard
               upon
               these
               Seas
               ,
               or
               there
               to
               offer
               violence
               ,
               or
               take
               Prizes
               or
               Booties
               ,
               or
               to
               give
               interruption
               to
               any
               lawful
               intercourse
               .
               In
               a
               word
               ,
               His
               Majesty
               is
               resolved
               ,
               as
               to
               do
               no
               wrong
               ,
               so
               to
               do
               Justice
               both
               to
               His
               Subjects
               and
               Friends
               within
               the
               limits
               of
               His
               Seas
               .
               And
               this
               is
               the
               Real
               and
               Royal
               Design
               of
               this
               Fleet.
               
            
             
               
                 Whitehall
                 ,
                 April
                 16.
                 1635.
                 
              
               
                 Your
                 assured
                 Friend
                 and
                 Servant
                 ,
                 JOHN
                 COOK
                 .
              
            
          
        
         
           Nay
           farthermore
           ,
           you
           may
           see
           the
           Dominion
           of
           His
           Majesty
           in
           His
           
             Brittish
             Seas
          
           ,
           clearly
           represented
           ,
           asserted
           ,
           and
           fully
           proved
           ,
           by
           that
           Propriety
           of
           Title
           and
           Soveraignty
           of
           Power
           which
           the
           Duke
           of
           Venice
           exerciseth
           on
           the
           
             Adriatick
             Sea
          
           ,
           if
           you
           will
           consult
           Mr.
           Howel
           in
           his
           
             Commonwealth
             of
             Venice
          
           ,
           which
           by
           the
           manner
           of
           Prescription
           ,
           the
           Consent
           of
           Histories
           ,
           
           and
           even
           by
           the
           Confession
           of
           their
           Adversaries
           themselves
           ,
           is
           almost
           the
           same
           with
           his
           Majesties
           of
           
             Great
             Britain
          
           .
           But
           his
           Majesty
           hath
           one
           Title
           more
           above
           all
           theirs
           ,
           which
           is
           the
           Title
           of
           
             Successive
             Inheritance
          
           ;
           confirmed
           as
           well
           by
           the
           Law
           of
           Nature
           ,
           as
           of
           Nations
           ;
           and
           is
           so
           much
           the
           more
           considerable
           ,
           in
           regard
           of
           the
           infinite
           advantages
           of
           the
           Profits
           of
           it
           ,
           as
           the
           Brittish
           Ocean
           in
           its
           latitude
           and
           circumference
           exceedeth
           the
           small
           boundaries
           of
           the
           Gulph
           of
           Venice
           .
        
         
           Yet
           so
           it
           is
           ,
           that
           the
           Indulgence
           of
           the
           Kings
           of
           England
           to
           their
           Neighbouring-Nations
           ,
           especially
           to
           the
           Hollanders
           ,
           by
           giving
           them
           too
           much
           liberty
           ,
           hath
           encouraged
           them
           to
           assume
           a
           liberty
           to
           themselves
           ;
           and
           what
           at
           the
           first
           was
           but
           a
           License
           ,
           they
           improve
           into
           a
           Custom
           ,
           and
           make
           that
           Custom
           their
           Authority
           ;
           insomuch
           ,
           that
           some
           of
           the
           most
           busie
           of
           them
           
           have
           openly
           declar'd
           against
           the
           King's
           Propriety
           on
           the
           
             Brittish
             Seas
          
           :
           Amongst
           these
           is
           one
           
             Hugo
             Grotius
          
           ,
           a
           Gentleman
           of
           great
           Ingenuity
           ,
           but
           in
           this
           particular
           so
           inclined
           to
           obey
           the
           importunities
           and
           serve
           the
           interests
           of
           his
           Countrey-men
           ,
           that
           he
           disobliged
           himself
           of
           the
           Dutch
           ,
           and
           moreover
           (
           to
           speak
           the
           truth
           )
           of
           his
           Conscience
           it self
           :
           for
           if
           you
           look
           into
           his
           Sylvae
           ,
           upon
           the
           first
           Inauguration
           of
           King
           James
           ,
           he
           is
           pleased
           to
           express
           himself
           in
           these
           words
           ,
           
             Tria
             Sceptra
             Profundi
             in
             Magnum
             cojere
             Ducem
          
           ;
           which
           is
           ,
           that
           the
           Rights
           of
           the
           
             English
             ,
             Scottish
          
           ,
           and
           
             Irish
             Seas
          
           ,
           are
           united
           under
           one
           Scepter
           :
           neither
           is
           he
           satisfied
           with
           this
           bare
           profession
           ;
           
             Sume
             animos
             a
             Rege
             tuo
             ,
             quis
             det
             jura
             Mari
             ,
          
           Take
           courage
           from
           the
           King
           ,
           who
           giveth
           Laws
           unto
           the
           Seas
           .
           In
           the
           same
           Book
           in
           the
           contemplation
           of
           so
           great
           a
           Power
           ,
           he
           concludeth
           ,
           
             Finis
             hic
             est
             ,
             qui
             fine
             caret
             ,
          
           &c.
           
           This
           
           is
           an
           End
           beyond
           an
           End
           ,
           a
           bound
           that
           knoweth
           no
           bound
           ,
           which
           even
           the
           Winds
           and
           the
           Waves
           must
           submit
           unto
           .
        
         
           But
           with
           what
           Ingratitude
           have
           the
           Dutch
           answered
           the
           many
           Royal
           Favours
           which
           the
           Kings
           of
           England
           have
           almost
           perpetually
           conferred
           on
           them
           !
           If
           there
           be
           no
           Monster
           greater
           than
           Ingratitude
           ,
           what
           Monsters
           are
           these
           men
           ,
           who
           of
           late
           are
           so
           far
           from
           acknowledging
           their
           thankfulness
           ,
           that
           (
           like
           Vipers
           )
           they
           would
           feed
           upon
           and
           consume
           those
           bowels
           which
           did
           afford
           them
           life
           and
           spirit
           .
        
         
           We
           may
           observe
           ,
           that
           in
           their
           lowest
           condition
           (
           which
           is
           most
           suitable
           to
           the
           name
           of
           their
           abode
           ,
           called
           the
           Low-Countreys
           )
           they
           petitioned
           to
           the
           Majesty
           of
           the
           Queen
           of
           England
           ;
           whose
           Royal
           Heart
           and
           Hand
           being
           always
           open
           to
           those
           that
           were
           Distressed
           (
           especially
           those
           that
           
           were
           her
           Neighbours
           )
           upon
           the
           account
           of
           Religion
           ;
           she
           sent
           them
           Threescore
           thousand
           pound
           in
           the
           year
           1572
           ;
           and
           presently
           after
           ,
           there
           followed
           Four
           Regiments
           of
           Foot
           ,
           and
           after
           them
           the
           Warr
           encreasing
           ,
           there
           were
           sent
           over
           Col.
           North
           ,
           Col.
           Cotton
           ,
           Col.
           Candish
           ,
           and
           Col.
           Norris
           ,
           with
           other
           Persons
           of
           Quality
           ;
           who
           for
           the
           Honour
           of
           the
           English
           Nation
           ,
           made
           in
           that
           Warr
           excellent
           Demonstrations
           of
           their
           Valour
           ,
           and
           redeem'd
           the
           Dutch
           from
           the
           Power
           of
           those
           who
           otherwise
           would
           have
           brought
           them
           to
           a
           better
           understanding
           of
           their
           duties
           .
        
         
           At
           the
           last
           the
           Prince
           of
           Orange
           being
           slain
           ,
           presently
           after
           the
           death
           of
           the
           Duke
           of
           Alanson
           (
           Brother
           to
           Henry
           the
           Third
           of
           France
           )
           the
           Queen
           of
           England
           sent
           over
           to
           them
           Robert
           Duke
           of
           Leicester
           ,
           with
           great
           provision
           both
           of
           Men
           and
           Money
           ,
           accompanied
           with
           divers
           of
           the
           Nobility
           and
           
           Gentry
           of
           good
           account
           ;
           and
           although
           the
           said
           Earl
           not
           long
           afterwards
           returned
           into
           England
           ,
           and
           the
           affairs
           of
           the
           Hollander
           were
           doubtful
           till
           the
           fatal
           battel
           at
           Newport
           ;
           yet
           Queen
           Elizabeth
           of
           ever
           blessed
           memory
           ,
           out
           of
           her
           unspeakable
           goodness
           to
           the
           Distressed
           ,
           and
           to
           those
           that
           suffered
           for
           Religion
           ,
           did
           (
           as
           long
           as
           she
           lived
           )
           assist
           the
           Hollanders
           both
           with
           Men
           and
           Moneys
           ;
           she
           gave
           them
           hope
           in
           despair
           ,
           gave
           them
           strength
           when
           weak
           ;
           and
           with
           the
           charity
           of
           Her
           Princely
           Hand
           did
           support
           them
           when
           fallen
           .
           And
           although
           the
           Hollanders
           do
           ungratefully
           alledg
           ,
           
             That
             it
             was
             a
             benefit
             great
             enough
             for
             the
             English
             to
             assist
             them
             in
             Reason
             of
             State
             ,
             because
             by
             so
             doing
             they
             kept
             out
             a
             War
             from
             their
             own
             Countrey
             .
          
        
         
           It
           is
           most
           certain
           ,
           that
           at
           that
           time
           the
           English
           had
           no
           cause
           to
           fear
           a
           War
           at
           all
           ,
           but
           only
           for
           their
           Cause
           ,
           and
           for
           
             the
             taking
             their
             parts
          
           :
           
           for
           it
           was
           for
           their
           Cause
           that
           the
           English
           in
           the
           year
           1571
           ,
           had
           seized
           upon
           the
           sum
           of
           Six
           hundred
           thousand
           Ducats
           on
           the
           West
           of
           England
           ,
           being
           the
           Money
           designed
           from
           Spain
           to
           the
           
             Duke
             d'Alva
          
           ,
           for
           the
           advancement
           of
           the
           Spanish
           Interests
           in
           the
           Netherlands
           .
        
         
           And
           although
           the
           Hollanders
           do
           further
           alledg
           in
           their
           own
           excuse
           ,
           
             That
             they
             were
             so
             grateful
             ,
             as
             that
             they
             offered
             unto
             the
             Queen
             of
          
           England
           
             the
             Soveraignty
             of
             the
          
           Netherlands
           ,
           
             which
             she
             would
             not
             accept
             ;
             and
             therefore
             none
             of
             their
             fault
             that
             She
             obtained
             it
             not
             .
          
        
         
           It
           is
           in
           reason
           truly
           answered
           ,
           That
           the
           Queen
           of
           England
           well
           knowing
           that
           she
           was
           in
           danger
           to
           draw
           a
           perpetual
           War
           on
           her Self
           and
           her
           Successors
           by
           the
           accepting
           such
           a
           Gift
           to
           which
           She
           had
           no
           right
           ,
           did
           wisely
           refuse
           their
           Liberality
           ;
           and
           yet
           for
           all
           that
           ,
           She
           continued
           to
           aid
           them
           without
           that
           chargeable
           obligation
           .
        
         
         
           The
           Hollanders
           do
           further
           alledg
           ,
           
             That
             the
             Queen
             of
          
           England
           
             had
             the
             Cautionary
             Towns
             of
             the
          
           Brill
           and
           Flushing
           ,
           
             with
             other
             places
             ,
             delivered
             into
             her
             hands
             .
          
        
         
           It
           is
           true
           ,
           She
           had
           so
           ,
           and
           thereby
           only
           enjoyed
           the
           benefit
           of
           being
           at
           the
           greater
           expence
           of
           Men
           and
           Money
           .
           But
           pray
           take
           notice
           ,
           that
           most
           certain
           it
           is
           ,
           That
           the
           Hollander
           had
           no
           sooner
           made
           a
           Truce
           with
           the
           King
           of
           Spain
           ,
           and
           the
           Arch-Duke
           Albertus
           ,
           but
           he
           began
           presently
           to
           set
           the
           English
           at
           naught
           ,
           and
           take
           the
           Bridle
           out
           of
           their
           hands
           ;
           whereupon
           immediately
           ensued
           the
           bringing
           of
           English
           Clothes
           died
           and
           dressed
           ,
           into
           Holland
           ,
           and
           the
           adjoining
           Provinces
           ,
           without
           ever
           making
           the
           King
           of
           England
           ,
           or
           his
           Ambassador
           Leiger
           at
           the
           Hague
           ,
           acquainted
           therewith
           .
        
         
           And
           to
           make
           amends
           for
           this
           their
           sawcy
           and
           insolent
           affront
           ,
           in
           a
           more
           high
           and
           peremptory
           way
           
           they
           demeaned
           themselves
           to
           King
           James
           himself
           .
           For
           whereas
           the
           Duke
           of
           Lennox
           ,
           as
           Admiral
           of
           Scotland
           ,
           had
           by
           order
           from
           the
           Majesty
           of
           King
           James
           ,
           in
           the
           year
           1616
           ,
           sent
           one
           Mr.
           Brown
           to
           demand
           of
           the
           Hollanders
           (
           then
           fishing
           on
           the
           Coasts
           of
           Scotland
           )
           a
           certain
           ancient
           Duty
           called
           
             Size
             Herring
          
           :
           they
           began
           to
           contest
           with
           him
           about
           it
           ;
           and
           after
           a
           long
           disputation
           ,
           they
           paid
           it
           as
           in
           former
           times
           it
           had
           been
           accustomed
           ;
           but
           not
           without
           some
           affronting
           terms
           ,
           
             That
             it
             was
             the
             last
             time
             it
             should
             be
             paid
             .
          
        
         
           And
           it
           is
           most
           certain
           ,
           that
           the
           same
           Gentleman
           coming
           the
           year
           following
           with
           the
           same
           Authority
           and
           Commandment
           with
           one
           only
           Ship
           of
           His
           Majesty
           's
           to
           demand
           the
           Duty
           aforesaid
           ,
           but
           by
           them
           he
           was
           denied
           it
           ,
           who
           as
           plainly
           as
           peremptorily
           told
           him
           ,
           
             That
             they
             were
             commanded
             by
             the
             States
             of
          
           Holland
           
             to
             pay
             it
             no
             more
          
           
           
             to
             the
             King
             of
          
           England
           .
           Of
           which
           he
           took
           witness
           ,
           according
           to
           his
           Order
           from
           His
           Majesty
           .
           This
           taking
           of
           witness
           did
           so
           startle
           them
           ,
           that
           without
           any
           more
           ado
           they
           pretended
           an
           Order
           to
           arrest
           him
           ;
           and
           so
           they
           carried
           him
           into
           Holland
           ,
           where
           a
           while
           he
           was
           detain'd
           .
        
         
           Nay
           ,
           a
           little
           while
           after
           ,
           such
           was
           their
           insufferable
           abuse
           ,
           that
           when
           Mr.
           
             Archibald
             Ranthim
          
           ,
           a
           Scotch
           Gentleman
           ,
           and
           residing
           at
           Stockholm
           in
           Sweden
           ,
           where
           he
           sollicited
           for
           some
           sums
           of
           money
           due
           to
           the
           English
           Merchants
           ;
           at
           the
           same
           time
           in
           the
           same
           City
           was
           one
           Vandyke
           lying
           there
           as
           an
           Agent
           for
           the
           States
           of
           Holland
           ,
           who
           said
           unto
           some
           principal
           persons
           of
           the
           
             Swedes
             ,
             That
             they
             need
             not
             be
             so
             hasty
             in
             paying
             any
             moneys
             to
             the
             subjects
             of
             the
             King
             of
          
           England
           ,
           
             or
             to
             give
             them
             any
             high
             respect
             ,
             because
             the
             said
             Kings
             Promises
             were
             not
             to
             be
             believed
             ,
             nor
             his
             threatnings
          
           
           
             to
             be
             feared
          
           .
           For
           which
           vile
           and
           insolent
           speeches
           being
           afterwards
           challenged
           by
           Mr.
           Ranthim
           ,
           he
           had
           no
           better
           excuse
           than
           to
           say
           ,
           He
           was
           drunk
           when
           he
           spake
           those
           words
           :
           And
           by
           this
           means
           his
           excuse
           of
           playing
           the
           Beast
           ,
           did
           excuse
           him
           from
           playing
           the
           Man.
           
        
         
           Now
           from
           these
           insolent
           Affronts
           by
           words
           ,
           let
           us
           proceed
           ,
           and
           come
           to
           what
           they
           have
           done
           by
           deeds
           ,
           more
           than
           what
           I
           have
           already
           declared
           in
           my
           preceding
           Discourse
           ;
           where
           ,
           in
           the
           first
           place
           ,
           we
           may
           observe
           their
           rude
           demeanour
           to
           out
           English
           Nation
           in
           the
           Northern
           Seas
           ,
           on
           the
           Coasts
           of
           Greenland
           ,
           and
           those
           parts
           about
           the
           fishing
           for
           Whales
           ,
           and
           the
           Commodity
           of
           Trayn-oyl
           ;
           where
           violently
           they
           have
           offered
           unpardonable
           abuses
           in
           an
           hostile
           manner
           ,
           driving
           the
           English
           away
           to
           their
           great
           loss
           and
           prejudice
           .
           Their
           pride
           of
           heart
           was
           so
           high
           ,
           that
           it
           would
           not
           give
           their
           Reason
           
           leave
           to
           apprehend
           ,
           That
           Fishing
           at
           Sea
           is
           free
           for
           every
           man
           ,
           where
           it
           is
           not
           upon
           the
           Coast
           of
           any
           Countrey
           unto
           which
           the
           Dominion
           of
           the
           Sea
           belongeth
           by
           ancient
           Prerogative
           .
        
         
           And
           yet
           all
           this
           is
           but
           inconsiderable
           in
           regard
           of
           their
           usage
           of
           our
           English
           in
           the
           
             East
             Indies
          
           ,
           where
           in
           open
           Hostility
           they
           have
           as
           fiercely
           set
           upon
           them
           ,
           as
           if
           they
           had
           been
           most
           mortal
           Enemies
           ,
           having
           in
           several
           Encounters
           slain
           many
           of
           our
           Men
           ,
           and
           sunk
           sundry
           of
           our
           Ships
           ;
           and
           when
           they
           had
           taken
           our
           men
           Prisoners
           ,
           they
           would
           use
           them
           in
           the
           sight
           of
           the
           Indians
           in
           such
           a
           contemptible
           and
           disdainful
           manner
           ,
           as
           if
           it
           at
           their
           own
           home
           ,
           and
           all
           places
           else
           ,
           the
           English
           in
           respect
           of
           them
           were
           but
           a
           sordid
           and
           slavish
           Nation
           ,
           and
           the
           Hollanders
           were
           either
           their
           Superiors
           ,
           and
           might
           use
           them
           at
           their
           own
           pleasure
           ;
           or
           the
           English
           were
           so
           spiritless
           ,
           or
           so
           
           unpowerful
           that
           they
           durst
           not
           be
           revenged
           ,
           but
           quietly
           must
           put
           up
           all
           the
           Affronts
           and
           Injuries
           which
           they
           received
           at
           their
           hands
           .
        
         
           And
           as
           for
           the
           commodious
           and
           profitable
           Trade
           which
           the
           English
           have
           had
           in
           Muscovy
           for
           above
           these
           fourscore
           years
           ,
           and
           some
           other
           Countreys
           that
           lye
           upon
           the
           East
           and
           North
           ,
           which
           the
           Hollanders
           have
           now
           gotten
           quite
           out
           of
           their
           hands
           ,
           to
           the
           great
           grief
           and
           prejudice
           of
           several
           Merchants
           in
           London
           ;
           What
           shall
           we
           say
           ,
           seeing
           not
           long
           since
           they
           have
           been
           acting
           the
           same
           again
           with
           our
           English
           Merchants
           in
           Turkey
           ?
           And
           it
           is
           a
           practice
           so
           usual
           with
           them
           to
           spoil
           the
           Trade
           of
           other
           Nations
           ,
           that
           when
           they
           cannot
           find
           any
           occasion
           to
           do
           it
           ,
           they
           will
           show
           a
           nature
           so
           wretchedly
           barbarous
           ,
           that
           they
           will
           not
           stick
           to
           spoil
           one
           another
           .
           And
           yet
           all
           this
           proceedeth
           out
           of
           an
           ignoble
           and
           sordid
           spirit
           ;
           for
           let
           them
           arrive
           to
           what
           wealth
           they
           
           will
           ,
           they
           can
           never
           be
           the
           Masters
           of
           a
           Noble
           and
           Generous
           Disposition
           .
        
         
           Had
           it
           not
           been
           for
           their
           Neighbouring
           Nation
           of
           the
           English
           ,
           they
           had
           never
           arrived
           to
           the
           liberty
           of
           a
           free
           State
           ;
           yet
           so
           ingrateful
           have
           they
           been
           ,
           that
           they
           have
           endeavoured
           to
           forget
           all
           the
           Obligations
           of
           Humanity
           ,
           and
           have
           digged
           into
           the
           very
           bowels
           of
           those
           who
           did
           preserve
           them
           .
           So
           many
           Examples
           of
           this
           nature
           may
           be
           instanced
           ,
           that
           I
           am
           forced
           to
           omit
           them
           for
           want
           of
           room
           .
           The
           Perfidiousness
           and
           Ingratitude
           of
           the
           Hollanders
           to
           the
           English
           ,
           may
           be
           traced
           all
           along
           ever
           since
           they
           shook
           off
           their
           obedience
           to
           the
           King
           of
           Spain
           ,
           even
           unto
           this
           present
           time
           .
           But
           we
           will
           pass
           from
           their
           Hypocrisie
           and
           Cruelty
           practised
           abroad
           ,
           and
           look
           on
           their
           actions
           at
           home
           .
        
         
           How
           ,
           almost
           but
           the
           other
           day
           ,
           did
           they
           labour
           to
           impose
           upon
           His
           
           Majesty
           ,
           and
           Sir
           
             George
             Downing
          
           his
           
             Envoy
             Extraordinary
          
           ,
           by
           delivering
           Papers
           to
           many
           publick
           Ministers
           of
           State
           at
           the
           Hague
           ;
           as
           if
           his
           Majesty
           and
           his
           Envoy
           had
           been
           pre-possessed
           with
           them
           ,
           when
           they
           had
           not
           the
           least
           notice
           of
           any
           such
           thing
           ?
        
         
           How
           have
           they
           seemed
           to
           be
           most
           desirous
           of
           Peace
           ,
           when
           at
           the
           same
           time
           they
           have
           omitted
           no
           days
           ,
           even
           those
           appropriated
           for
           holy
           duties
           ,
           to
           drive
           on
           their
           Preparations
           for
           Warr
           ?
           How
           have
           they
           stood
           in
           defence
           of
           their
           violent
           and
           unjust
           proceedings
           ;
           and
           instead
           of
           redressing
           their
           Injuries
           ,
           they
           have
           encreased
           them
           ?
        
         
           About
           the
           year
           1662
           ,
           they
           concluded
           a
           Treaty
           with
           the
           English
           ;
           and
           having
           engaged
           ,
           
             That
             better
             order
             should
             for
             the
             future
             be
             observed
          
           ;
           they
           have
           since
           heaped
           new
           Injuries
           ,
           endeavouring
           the
           utter
           overthrow
           of
           all
           the
           Trade
           of
           his
           
           Majesty's
           subjects
           in
           the
           East
           
           and
           
             West
             Indies
          
           ;
           witness
           our
           ships
           the
           
             Hopewell
             ,
             Leopard
          
           ,
           and
           some
           others
           in
           the
           East-Indies
           ;
           and
           the
           Charles
           ,
           the
           James
           ,
           the
           Mary
           ,
           the
           Sampson
           ,
           the
           
             Hopeful
             Adventurer
          
           ,
           and
           the
           Speedwell
           ,
           on
           the
           Coast
           of
           Africa
           .
        
         
           And
           after
           all
           these
           Acts
           of
           the
           highest
           Injustice
           ,
           and
           their
           utmost
           endeavours
           for
           driving
           on
           a
           War
           ,
           they
           have
           done
           and
           would
           still
           make
           the
           world
           believe
           ,
           
             That
             His
             Majesty
             is
             the
             first
             Vndertaker
             of
             it
             :
          
           who
           from
           his
           own
           mouth
           to
           their
           Ambassador
           in
           England
           ,
           and
           by
           his
           Injunctions
           to
           Sir
           
             George
             Downing
          
           his
           Minister
           in
           Holland
           ,
           hath
           given
           so
           many
           and
           such
           remarkable
           Demonstrations
           to
           the
           contrary
           .
        
         
           What
           can
           they
           say
           to
           the
           Memorial
           of
           the
           Complaints
           which
           Sir
           
             George
             Downing
          
           exhibited
           to
           the
           
             States
             General
          
           ,
           importing
           ,
           
             That
             in
             the
             space
             of
             a
             very
             few
             years
             ,
             almost
             twenty
          
           English
           ,
           
             with
             their
             whole
             Lading
             ,
             to
             a
             very
             great
             value
             ,
             
             have
             been
             seized
             upon
             in
             a
             very
             horrible
             manner
             ,
             and
             the
             men
             in
             them
             most
             barbarously
             and
             most
             inhumanly
             treated
             ,
             being
             put
             into
             stinking
             and
             most
             nasty
             Dungeons
             and
             Holes
             at
          
           Casteldelmina
           ,
           
             where
             they
             did
             lye
             bedded
             and
             bathed
             in
             their
             own
             excrements
             ,
             having
             nothing
             but
             bread
             and
             water
             given
             them
             ,
             and
             not
             enough
             of
             that
             neither
             to
             sustain
             Nature
             (
             their
             bodies
             being
             under
             the
             fury
             of
             exquisite
             and
             horrid
             torments
             )
             ;
             and
             when
             any
             of
             them
             dyed
             ,
             the
             living
             and
             the
             dead
             were
             left
             together
             ;
             and
             such
             as
             outliv'd
             that
             Cruelty
             ,
             were
             exposed
             in
             the
             Woods
             to
             Famine
             ,
             or
             to
             the
             mercy
             of
             wild
             beasts
             in
             those
             desolate
             Countries
             ,
             or
             to
             be
             carried
             into
             captivity
             by
             the
             Natives
             ,
             by
             which
             means
             several
             hundreds
             of
             his
             Majesties
             good
             Subjects
             have
             perished
             and
             been
             destroyed
             .
          
        
         
           And
           to
           this
           hour
           ,
           notwithstanding
           all
           sollicitations
           and
           endeavours
           of
           his
           Majesties
           Envoy
           ,
           not
           
           one
           penny
           of
           satisfaction
           can
           be
           had
           either
           for
           the
           loss
           of
           the
           ships
           ,
           or
           the
           persons
           concerned
           in
           any
           of
           them
           ;
           but
           to
           the
           contrary
           ,
           they
           have
           ever
           since
           hindred
           ,
           and
           shot
           at
           the
           English
           ships
           that
           have
           anchored
           by
           them
           .
        
         
           How
           inhumanly
           and
           treacherously
           was
           one
           Captain
           Jordan
           butcher'd
           by
           them
           ,
           who
           sailing
           from
           Bantam
           with
           two
           ships
           ,
           the
           one
           called
           the
           Sampson
           ,
           and
           the
           other
           the
           Hound
           ,
           to
           the
           great
           Islands
           of
           Burnew
           ,
           he
           discovered
           three
           or
           four
           Dutch
           ships
           standing
           in
           for
           the
           same
           Port
           ;
           and
           being
           confident
           that
           they
           intended
           no
           good
           to
           him
           ,
           he
           gave
           order
           to
           prepare
           for
           the
           Encounter
           ;
           fully
           resolving
           to
           fight
           it
           out
           to
           the
           last
           man
           ,
           rather
           than
           to
           yeild
           himself
           to
           the
           unmerciful
           hands
           of
           his
           insulting
           and
           approaching
           Enemies
           .
           The
           Dutch
           summoned
           to
           deliver
           the
           ships
           upon
           fair
           Quarter
           ;
           but
           Captain
           Jordan
           (
           who
           had
           a
           great
           heart
           in
           a
           
           little
           body
           )
           absolutely
           refused
           to
           yeild
           upon
           any
           condition
           whatever
           .
           The
           Dutch
           pretending
           to
           be
           unwilling
           to
           shed
           blood
           ,
           called
           out
           to
           the
           English
           ,
           and
           told
           them
           ,
           That
           they
           knew
           well
           enough
           that
           little
           Captain
           Jordan
           was
           there
           ;
           and
           desired
           them
           to
           perswade
           him
           to
           parley
           with
           them
           :
           The
           Captain
           being
           informed
           of
           it
           ,
           refused
           to
           have
           any
           conference
           with
           them
           :
           whereupon
           they
           desired
           that
           he
           would
           but
           shew
           himself
           on
           the
           Quarter-Deck
           ,
           that
           by
           a
           fair
           compliance
           they
           might
           stop
           the
           effusion
           of
           blood
           ,
           which
           otherwise
           must
           follow
           .
           Whereupon
           Capt.
           Jordan
           (
           thinking
           that
           to
           speak
           with
           them
           could
           not
           much
           prejudice
           him
           )
           did
           shew
           himself
           on
           the
           Quarter-deck
           ;
           and
           after
           the
           exchange
           of
           some
           few
           words
           ,
           told
           them
           ,
           That
           he
           knew
           the
           Justice
           of
           his
           Cause
           ,
           and
           the
           Injustice
           of
           theirs
           ;
           and
           was
           resolved
           to
           fight
           it
           out
           :
           The
           Hollander
           
           alledging
           ,
           That
           their
           strength
           was
           far
           greater
           than
           his
           ;
           and
           it
           was
           rather
           Desperateness
           than
           true
           Valour
           to
           fight
           upon
           such
           a
           disadvantage
           .
           This
           prevailed
           nothing
           with
           Capt.
           Jordan
           ,
           who
           told
           them
           ,
           He
           was
           resolved
           to
           fight
           it
           out
           ,
           and
           leave
           the
           success
           to
           God.
           The
           Dutch
           finding
           him
           untractable
           to
           their
           demands
           ,
           held
           him
           still
           in
           discourse
           ,
           until
           a
           Musquet-bullet
           from
           one
           of
           their
           ships
           laid
           him
           dead
           on
           the
           Quarter-deck
           as
           he
           was
           in
           parley
           with
           them
           .
           At
           that
           very
           instant
           of
           time
           ,
           whether
           by
           Treachery
           ,
           or
           by
           Accident
           ,
           it
           is
           uncertain
           ;
           a
           part
           of
           the
           other
           English
           Ship
           ,
           called
           the
           Hound
           ,
           was
           blown
           up
           ,
           and
           many
           of
           her
           men
           mortally
           hurt
           :
           The
           amazement
           was
           so
           great
           ,
           that
           the
           English
           were
           enforced
           to
           yeild
           ;
           who
           having
           taken
           them
           ,
           did
           instantly
           lade
           them
           with
           bolts
           ,
           and
           did
           not
           allow
           them
           so
           much
           favour
           as
           they
           showed
           to
           the
           Heathen
           .
        
         
         
           Thus
           may
           we
           observe
           what
           Injury
           and
           Wrong
           we
           have
           all
           along
           sustained
           by
           the
           Dutch
           ,
           who
           have
           got
           many
           of
           those
           Islands
           where
           now
           they
           have
           seated
           themselves
           ,
           by
           Cruelty
           and
           Bloodshed
           ,
           and
           by
           murthering
           the
           English
           and
           their
           Friends
           .
           These
           indeed
           are
           sad
           Relations
           ;
           and
           though
           dismal
           in
           themselves
           ,
           they
           are
           but
           the
           Prologues
           to
           their
           more
           bloody
           Tragedies
           .
        
         
           But
           to
           give
           further
           proof
           of
           their
           Confidence
           and
           Ambition
           ,
           they
           have
           published
           a
           Declaration
           ,
           wherein
           they
           assume
           and
           challenge
           to
           themselves
           a
           Right
           to
           that
           whole
           Coast
           ,
           to
           the
           exclusion
           of
           all
           other
           Nations
           ;
           although
           by
           Order
           from
           his
           Majesty
           ,
           Sir
           
             George
             Downing
          
           both
           in
           publick
           conferences
           with
           the
           Deputies
           of
           the
           
             Lords
             General
          
           ,
           as
           also
           with
           those
           of
           Holland
           in
           particular
           ,
           hath
           at
           large
           remonstrated
           his
           Majesties
           Right
           and
           Interest
           in
           some
           part
           therein
           ,
           
           having
           by
           his
           Subjects
           bought
           the
           ground
           of
           the
           King
           of
           that
           Countrey
           for
           a
           valuable
           Consideration
           ,
           and
           built
           a
           Factory
           thereon
           ;
           and
           yet
           for
           all
           this
           ,
           some
           of
           the
           
             Dutch
             West-India
             Company
          
           by
           fraud
           and
           treachery
           have
           got
           into
           the
           place
           ,
           and
           no
           hopes
           of
           the
           restitution
           of
           it
           ;
           for
           they
           are
           resolved
           to
           keep
           that
           by
           Violence
           which
           they
           have
           obtained
           by
           Deceit
           .
        
         
           Moreover
           ,
           What
           can
           they
           say
           for
           themselves
           concerning
           their
           stirring
           up
           the
           King
           of
           Fantin
           by
           rewards
           and
           sums
           of
           money
           ,
           and
           supplying
           him
           with
           all
           manner
           of
           Arms
           and
           Ammunition
           ,
           for
           the
           surprizing
           of
           his
           Majesties
           Castle
           at
           Cormantin
           in
           the
           West-Indies
           ;
           so
           that
           an
           absolute
           necessity
           is
           imposed
           upon
           his
           Majesty
           and
           his
           Subjects
           ,
           either
           of
           losing
           all
           that
           have
           been
           actually
           taken
           from
           them
           ,
           and
           abandoning
           for
           ever
           that
           Trade
           it self
           ,
           or
           of
           betaking
           themselves
           to
           some
           other
           way
           for
           relief
           .
        
         
         
           The
           Island
           of
           Polleroon
           hath
           been
           surrendring
           back
           to
           the
           English
           ever
           since
           the
           year
           1622
           ;
           at
           which
           time
           by
           a
           solemn
           and
           particular
           Treaty
           it
           was
           promised
           to
           be
           done
           ;
           and
           again
           ,
           by
           another
           Treaty
           in
           the
           year
           1654
           ;
           and
           by
           an
           Order
           of
           the
           
             States
             General
          
           ,
           and
           the
           East-Indie-Company
           of
           that
           Nation
           ,
           in
           the
           year
           1661
           ;
           and
           again
           by
           another
           Treaty
           in
           the
           year
           following
           :
           and
           yet
           to
           this
           day
           there
           is
           not
           the
           least
           mention
           of
           any
           thing
           Restored
           .
        
         
           And
           should
           any
           man
           then
           think
           it
           strange
           ,
           that
           his
           Majesty
           after
           so
           long
           an
           experience
           of
           the
           Perversness
           and
           Deceitfulness
           of
           that
           Nation
           ,
           that
           he
           now
           endeavours
           to
           re-possess
           his
           subjects
           of
           those
           places
           which
           by
           the
           hand
           of
           Violence
           and
           Oppression
           the
           Dutch
           have
           forced
           from
           them
           ?
        
         
           Now
           as
           for
           the
           business
           of
           the
           New-Netherlands
           (
           as
           they
           call
           it
           by
           I
           know
           not
           what
           Authority
           )
           
           it
           hath
           been
           abundantly
           elsewhere
           proved
           ,
           That
           the
           said
           Land
           is
           part
           of
           the
           Possession
           of
           his
           Majesties
           subjects
           in
           New-England
           ,
           which
           their
           Charter
           plainly
           and
           precisely
           sheweth
           and
           expresseth
           ;
           and
           those
           few
           Dutch
           who
           lived
           there
           heretofore
           ,
           have
           lived
           there
           meerly
           upon
           the
           connivence
           and
           sufferance
           of
           the
           English
           ;
           which
           hath
           been
           permitted
           them
           so
           to
           do
           ,
           so
           long
           as
           they
           demeaned
           themselves
           peaceably
           and
           quietly
           .
           But
           the
           Dutch
           not
           contenting
           themselves
           therewith
           ,
           have
           encroached
           more
           and
           more
           upon
           the
           English
           ,
           imposing
           their
           Laws
           and
           Customs
           ,
           and
           endeavouring
           to
           raise
           Contributions
           and
           Excises
           on
           them
           ,
           and
           in
           those
           places
           where
           the
           Dutch
           had
           never
           been
           ;
           whereupon
           they
           have
           been
           several
           times
           necessitated
           to
           send
           Soldiers
           for
           the
           repulsing
           them
           .
        
         
           Since
           the
           Conclusion
           of
           the
           late
           Treaty
           ,
           the
           Dutch
           have
           made
           
           new
           Incursions
           upon
           the
           English
           ,
           and
           given
           them
           many
           new
           provocations
           ,
           and
           have
           ordained
           a
           Trial
           of
           Causes
           among
           themselves
           ,
           and
           a
           Proceeding
           by
           force
           of
           arms
           ,
           without
           any
           appealing
           into
           Europe
           at
           all
           .
        
         
           And
           can
           any
           Prince
           then
           think
           it
           strange
           ,
           if
           his
           Majesty
           of
           England
           suffer
           his
           subjects
           to
           rescue
           themselves
           from
           such
           continual
           Vexations
           ?
           His
           most
           Christian
           Majesty
           in
           the
           year
           1665
           ,
           was
           pleased
           to
           order
           his
           subjects
           to
           re-possess
           themselves
           by
           force
           of
           arms
           of
           a
           certain
           place
           called
           Cayen
           ,
           which
           the
           French
           alledged
           had
           been
           wrongfully
           kept
           from
           them
           ,
           and
           detained
           by
           the
           West-India
           Company
           of
           the
           Netherlanders
           .
        
         
           We
           might
           in
           the
           next
           place
           alledg
           De
           Ruyter's
           leaving
           the
           English
           Fleet
           ,
           when
           with
           united
           Counsels
           and
           Forces
           they
           were
           to
           act
           against
           their
           common
           Enemies
           the
           Pyrates
           and
           Barbarians
           in
           the
           Midland-Seas
           ,
           
           according
           to
           the
           Treaty
           soon
           after
           his
           Majesties
           happy
           Restauration
           .
        
         
           We
           may
           alledg
           their
           Instructions
           given
           to
           
             Van
             Campen
          
           in
           the
           year
           1664
           ,
           at
           what
           time
           his
           Majesty
           entertained
           not
           any
           open
           War
           against
           them
           ;
           which
           Instructions
           was
           in
           down-right
           terms
           ,
           
             To
             attack
             and
             fall
             upon
             his
             Majesties
             Subjects
             in
             the
             West-Indies
             ,
             and
             to
             carve
             out
             their
             own
             Satisfaction
             and
             Reparation
             .
          
        
         
           Lastly
           ,
           Their
           refusing
           to
           strike
           ,
           and
           denying
           his
           Majesty
           the
           Right
           of
           the
           Flag
           ,
           even
           in
           his
           own
           Seas
           :
           Witness
           Sir
           
             Robert
             Holmes
          
           late
           meeting
           with
           Eight
           Dutch
           Men
           of
           War
           convoying
           their
           
           Smyrna-Fleet
           homewards
           ,
           which
           had
           no
           doubt
           come
           short
           of
           home
           ,
           had
           not
           that
           brave
           Commander
           been
           overpower'd
           with
           Numbers
           :
           In
           which
           short
           ,
           but
           sharp
           Conflict
           ,
           as
           there
           was
           not
           an
           
           English-man
           which
           gave
           not
           large
           proof
           and
           demonstration
           
           of
           his
           Courage
           ;
           so
           particularly
           ,
           the
           Right
           Honourable
           the
           Earl
           of
           Ossery
           ,
           acted
           wonders
           that
           day
           ,
           almost
           baffling
           the
           belief
           of
           their
           eyes
           who
           were
           Spectators
           of
           his
           incredible
           Valour
           .
        
         
           Thus
           I
           have
           in
           part
           drawn
           to
           the
           knowledg
           of
           all
           ,
           the
           Cruelties
           ,
           Ingratitudes
           ,
           Injuries
           ,
           and
           Wrongs
           ,
           done
           unto
           the
           English
           by
           the
           Treacherous
           Dutch
           ;
           yet
           not
           one
           hundred
           part
           of
           what
           they
           are
           ;
           and
           for
           their
           hainousness
           ,
           deserve
           only
           a
           Pen
           of
           Steel
           to
           record
           them
           in
           the
           wrinkled
           brow
           of
           Time
           ,
           there
           to
           remain
           to
           posterity
           .
           And
           if
           all
           the
           Premises
           aforesaid
           be
           not
           cause
           enough
           to
           provoke
           his
           Majesty
           to
           maintain
           the
           Justice
           of
           his
           Cause
           by
           the
           Force
           of
           Arms
           ,
           we
           will
           leave
           to
           the
           World
           ,
           and
           to
           his
           Enemies
           themselves
           to
           judg
           :
           And
           surely
           that
           Sword
           is
           to
           be
           feared
           ,
           that
           striketh
           with
           the
           Hand
           of
           Justice
           .
        
         
           FINIS
           .
        
      
    
     
       
         
         
           POSTSCRIPT
           .
        
         
           THey
           that
           will
           needs
           bear
           all
           the
           World
           before
           them
           by
           their
           
             Mare
             Liberum
          
           ,
           may
           soon
           come
           to
           have
           
             Nec
             Terram
             ,
             nec
             Solum
             ,
             nec
             Rempublicam
             Liberum
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             
             Neptune's
             welcome
             to
             his
             Royal
             Highness
             JAMES
             Duke
             of
             York
             ,
             upon
             his
             first
             appearance
             at
             Sea
             ,
             to
             Fight
             the
             Hollander
             .
          
           
             
               AM
               I
               awake
               ?
               Or
               have
               some
               Dreams
               conspir'd
               ,
            
             
               To
               mock
               my
               Sense
               ,
               with
               what
               I
               most
               desir'd
               ?
            
             
               View
               I
               th'
               undaunted
               Face
               ,
               See
               I
               those
               looks
               ,
            
             
               Which
               with
               Delight
               were
               wont
               t'
               amaze
               my
               Brooks
               ?
            
             
               Do
               I
               behold
               that
               Mars
               ,
               that
               Man
               Divine
               ,
            
             
               The
               Worlds
               great
               Glory
               ,
               by
               these
               Waves
               of
               mine
               ?
            
             
               No
               ,
               I
               find
               true
               ,
               what
               long
               I
               wish'd
               in
               vain
               :
            
             
               My
               much
               endeared
               Prince
               is
               come
               again
               .
            
             
               So
               unto
               them
               ,
               whose
               Zenith
               is
               the
               Pole
               ,
            
             
               When
               six
               black
               Months
               ,
               bright
               Sol
               begins
               to
               role
               ;
            
             
               So
               comes
               
                 Arabia's
                 Wonder
              
               from
               the
               Woods
               ,
            
             
               And
               far
               ,
               far
               off
               is
               seen
               by
               Memphis
               Floods
               ,
            
             
               The
               feather'd
               Sylveans
               Cloud
               ,
               like
               by
               her
               flye
               ,
            
             
               And
               with
               triumphing
               Plaudits
               beat
               the
               skye
               .
            
             
               To
               Virgins
               ,
               Flowers
               ;
               to
               Sun-burn'd
               Earth
               ,
               the
               Rain
               ;
            
             
               To
               Mariners
               Fair
               Winds
               amidst
               the
               Main
               ;
            
             
               Cold
               shades
               to
               such
               ,
               who
               by
               hot
               glances
               burn
               ,
            
             
               Are
               not
               so
               pleasing
               ,
               as
               thy
               blest
               Return
               .
            
             
             
               Swell
               my
               proud
               Billows
               ,
               fail
               not
               to
               declare
               ,
            
             
               Your
               Joys
               as
               ample
               ,
               as
               his
               Conquests
               are
               .
            
             
               And
               you
               my
               Nymphs
               ,
               rise
               from
               your
               moist
               repair
               ,
            
             
               And
               with
               your
               Lillies
               Crown
               this
               Princes
               Hair.
            
             
               Kiss
               each
               his
               floating
               Castles
               which
               do
               run
            
             
               Upon
               our
               Waves
               ,
               swift
               as
               the
               Rising-Sun
               .
            
             
               Eye
               of
               our
               Western-World
               ,
               
               Mars-daunting
               Prince
               ,
            
             
               Whose
               Valiant
               Deeds
               the
               World
               can't
               recompence
               .
            
             
               For
               to
               thy
               Vertues
               and
               thy
               Deeds
               is
               due
               ,
            
             
               All
               that
               the
               Planet
               of
               the
               year
               doth
               view
               .
            
             
               O
               Days
               to
               be
               desir'd
               !
               Age
               happy
               thrice
               ,
            
             
               If
               you
               your
               Heaven-sent
               good
               could
               daily
               prize
               !
            
             
               But
               we
               (
               half
               
               Palsie-sick
               )
               think
               never
               right
            
             
               Of
               what
               we
               hold
               ,
               till
               it
               be
               from
               our
               sight
               .
            
             
               I
               see
               an
               Age
               ,
               when
               after
               some
               few
               years
               ,
            
             
               And
               Revolutions
               of
               the
               slow
               pac'd
               Sphears
               ,
            
             
               These
               days
               shall
               be
               'bove
               others
               far
               esteem'd
               ,
            
             
               And
               like
               the
               World
               's
               great
               Conquerers
               be
               deem'd
               ,
            
             
               The
               Names
               of
               Caesar
               ,
               and
               feign'd
               Paladine
               ,
            
             
               Grav'n
               in
               Times
               surly
               brows
               ,
               in
               Wrinkled-Time
               ,
            
             
               Shall
               by
               this
               Princes
               Name
               be
               past
               as
               far
               ,
            
             
               As
               Meteors
               are
               by
               the
               Idalian
               Star
               :
            
             
               For
               to
               Great
               Brittains
               Isle
               thou
               shalt
               restore
            
             
               Her
               
                 Mare
                 Clausum
              
               ;
               Guard
               her
               Pearly
               shore
               ,
            
             
               The
               Lyons
               Passant
               of
               Dutch
               bands
               shalt
               free
               ,
            
             
               To
               the
               true
               Owner
               of
               the
               Lillies
               three
               .
            
             
             
               The
               Seas
               shall
               shrink
               ,
               shake
               shall
               the
               spacious
               Earth
               ,
            
             
               And
               tremble
               in
               her
               Chamber
               ,
               like
               pale
               Death
               .
            
             
               Thy
               thundring
               Cannons
               shall
               proclaim
               to
               all
            
             
               Great
               Britain's
               Glory
               ,
               and
               proud
               
               Holland's
               Fall.
            
             
               Run
               on
               brave
               Prince
               thy
               course
               in
               Glory's
               way
               ,
            
             
               The
               End
               the
               Life
               ,
               the
               Evening
               crowns
               the
               Day
               .
            
             
               Reap
               Worth
               on
               Worth
               ,
               and
               strongly
               sore
               above
            
             
               Those
               Heights
               which
               made
               the
               World
               thee
               first
               to
               love
               .
            
             
               Surmount
               thy Self
               ,
               and
               make
               thy
               Actions
               past
            
             
               Be
               but
               as
               gleams
               or
               lightnings
               of
               thy
               Last
               .
            
             
               Let
               them
               exceed
               those
               of
               thy
               younger
               time
               ,
            
             
               As
               far
               as
               Autumu
               doth
               the
               Flowry-prime
               :
            
             
               So
               ever
               Gold
               and
               Bays
               thy
               Brow
               adorn
               :
            
             
               So
               never
               Time
               may
               see
               thy
               Race
               outworn
               .
            
             
               So
               of
               thine
               own
               still
               mayst
               thou
               be
               desir'd
               :
            
             
               Of
               Holland
               fear'd
               ,
               and
               by
               the
               World
               admir'd
               :
            
             
               Til
               thy
               great
               Deeds
               all
               former
               deeds
               surmount
               :
            
             
               Thou
               'st
               quel'd
               the
               Nimrods
               of
               our
               Hellespont
               .
            
             
               So
               may
               his
               high
               Exploits
               at
               last
               make
               even
            
             
               With
               Earth
               his
               Honor
               ,
               Glory
               with
               the
               Heav'n
               .
            
          
           
             FINIS
             .
          
        
      
       
         Notes, typically marginal, from the original text
         
           Notes for div A36497-e4190
           
             Kings
             Decl.