The true way to loyalty a sermon preached by John Owen, chaplain to the Right Honourable Henry, Lord Grey of Ruthin. Owen, John, chaplain to Lord Grey of Ruthin. 1684 Approx. 57 KB of XML-encoded text transcribed from 19 1-bit group-IV TIFF page images. Text Creation Partnership, Ann Arbor, MI ; Oxford (UK) : 2005-12 (EEBO-TCP Phase 1). A53738 Wing O825A ESTC R219358 99830836 99830836 35290 This keyboarded and encoded edition of the work described above is co-owned by the institutions providing financial support to the Early English Books Online Text Creation Partnership. This Phase I text is available for reuse, according to the terms of Creative Commons 0 1.0 Universal . The text can be copied, modified, distributed and performed, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission. Early English books online. (EEBO-TCP ; phase 1, no. A53738) Transcribed from: (Early English Books Online ; image set 35290) Images scanned from microfilm: (Early English books, 1641-1700 ; 2093:19) The true way to loyalty a sermon preached by John Owen, chaplain to the Right Honourable Henry, Lord Grey of Ruthin. Owen, John, chaplain to Lord Grey of Ruthin. [6], 30 p. printed for Samuel Eddowes, at the Three Chairs next door to the Fleece Tavern in Cornhil, London : MDCLXXXIV. [1684] Format in Wing = 4⁰; ht. = 18 cm; gathered in 4s. Reproduction of the original in the Bodleian Library, Oxford. Created by converting TCP files to TEI P5 using tcp2tei.xsl, TEI @ Oxford. Re-processed by University of Nebraska-Lincoln and Northwestern, with changes to facilitate morpho-syntactic tagging. Gap elements of known extent have been transformed into placeholder characters or elements to simplify the filling in of gaps by user contributors. 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Copies of the texts have been issued variously as SGML (TCP schema; ASCII text with mnemonic sdata character entities); displayable XML (TCP schema; characters represented either as UTF-8 Unicode or text strings within braces); or lossless XML (TEI P5, characters represented either as UTF-8 Unicode or TEI g elements). Keying and markup guidelines are available at the Text Creation Partnership web site . eng Bible. -- N.T. -- Titus III, 1 -- Sermons -- Early works to 1800. Obedience -- Religious aspects -- Christianity -- Early works to 1800. Sermons, English -- 17th century. 2005-03 TCP Assigned for keying and markup 2005-06 SPi Global Keyed and coded from ProQuest page images 2005-07 Andrew Kuster Sampled and proofread 2005-07 Andrew Kuster Text and markup reviewed and edited 2005-10 pfs Batch review (QC) and XML conversion THE True Way TO LOYALTY A SERMON PREACHED By JOHN OWEN , Chaplain to the Right Honourable Henry , Lord Grey of Ruthin . LONDON , Printed for Samuel Eddowes , at the Three Chairs next Door to the Fleece Tavern in Cornhil . MDCLXXXIV . To the Right Worshipful Sir Jonathan Raymund , Knight , And Alderman of the City of LONDON . SIR , THE great and many Obligations , which I have received from your self and good Lady , made it easie to determine to whom I ought in Duty to direct this Discourse , as a publick Testimony of my Gratitude and Thankfulness . And truly , I have had a very great Longing , for some time , to meet with an Opportunity of paying my Respects to you in some eminent , visible way , to the end the World might see and know , what a grateful Sense I have of those Favours which I am never able to requite . But there was another Consideration which did mightily prevail with me to ascribe this Sermon to your Patronage ; and that is , the Agreeableness of this Subject of Loyalty with your Practice and Inclinations , who gave sufficient and the most convincing Proofs of it in a time of Tryal , when Loyalty was going down the Wind , and when some People who had no just or material Objection against Sir Jonathan Raymund upon account of his fitness to serve the Publick , yet reflected upon his Loyalty , as his Crime , and that which , in their Opinion , did spoil all other Qualifications . But Sir , This has much redounded to your Honour and Reputation among all good Men , that you did so slight the Censures of some malevolent People , who had ill Will against you , for no other Reason , but because you had such good will to His Majesty and his Government , as to shew your self such a brave Example of steddy and unshaken Loyalty , in unstable Times ; and one that out of pure Choice would undertake to come in in the very heat of the Day , and steer the Affairs of a great City , when the Government was in great Distress , and pester'd with powerful and implacable Enemies on all sides . Nay , such is your Love of Majesty and Zeal for Loyalty , that you are promoting it in all Companies wherever you come ; and , as I have particularly observed , you take singular Care to train up your Children the same way , and encourage nothing more , both in Children and Servants , than Loyalty to the Government . 〈…〉 such is your Temper and Humour , that you 〈…〉 not easily admit any as your Friend or Ser●●●● 〈◊〉 who is not a true and trusty Subject . Your House seems to me a kind of School and Seminary of Loyalty ; and you have so large a Stock and Treasure of it in your Self and Family , that you are able to plant and furnish a whole Town . But I fear I may be thought a Bold and Conceited Man , for venturing such a plain and easie Discourse into the World , when there are Numbers of excellent Discourses upon this very Subject , which are no less elegant than profitable . But as to this , I dare undertake to vindicate my Self and Sermon too , forasmuch as the Subject I now treat on is so great and excellent in it self , that it needs no Flourishes or Advantages of Oratory , to recommend and set it off : And I humbly conceive , that the plainer it is , the fitter it will be for the plainer sort of People , which are most numerous ; and if others shall blame me , for not whetting my Style , and using that Tartness of Expression , which is now the modish way of treating all Dissenters , and Persons that appear disaffected to the Government ; I answer , That Severity , in any sort , is much against my Nature , and that I have studiously declined all Satyr and Invectives , for this very Reason , Because I have known many hardned by that means , but never any converted . And now Sir , not to detain you any longer , I here present you with a plain Discourse of Loyalty , and the true and only way to preserve all People in Obedience to Authority ; which as I am confident it will gain your Favour and Protection , for the sake of its Subject , so I hope it may do some general Good in the World in that way it is designed ; which is the earnest Wish , and principal Aim of , SIR , Your most humble Servant , JOHN OWEN . TITUS 3. vers . 1. Put them in mind to be subject to Principalities and Powers , to obey Magistrates , to be ready to every good Work. THIS Text is in the nature of a standing Monitor , and perpetual Remembrancer to us of the Subjection and Obedience which we owe to our Superiours : And I suppose , that the Apostle takes occasion to preach up this Doctrine of Obedience the more , because it was commonly suggested , in the first Days and Rise of Christianity , that it was a Religion which brought perfect Freedom and Liberty along with it , and which tended to level all Orders and Distinctions of Men , as , high and low , bond and free , Master and Servant , and so make every Body alike Gentlemen ; that is , it was taught , and maintain'd , by a vile sort of Men , call'd Gnosticks , That Christianity was a brave , frank , and generous Religion , whose main Design was , to dissolve all Ties and Obligations of Obedience , and set all People free from a state of Subjection . And therefore , we may observe , how that the Apostle , out of an extraordinary Care to prevent this growing Error and Mistake , which People were so prone to fall into , by reason of a natural Love and Desire of Liberty , takes the Pains , in several of his Epistles , to discourse this Matter plainly and fully , and more especially in part of the fifth and sixth Chapters of the Ephesians . He there runs through all those Bonds and Relations wherein we stand ingaged to one another , either as Husband and Wife , Master and Servant , or Father and Children ; and shews , how that the Gospel Liberty , and Priviledges , do not consist in bursting these Bonds asunder , or in untying the Knot of Government and Obedience , whereby we are knit together in mutual Relations and Dependencies . Nor do the Doctrines contain'd in the Gospel teach any thing tending to such Licentiousness and Disorders , nor in the least prompt or encourage Men to lessen or draw off their Obedience to their Superiours , of what Quality or Degree soever they be : but on the contrary , 't is manifest that there are no Doctrines so auspicious and friendly to Government , that do so much preserve the Rule and Order of it , or fasten the Bonds and Ligaments of Humane Societies in a due Subordination of one part to another , as the Doctrines of Christianity , which would have a very happy Influence upon Government , and the Peace and Order of the World , in case they were as truly practised as they are plainly taught and delivered in the Gospel . But though Religion does so well provide for the Safety , and Peace , and Security of the Government : yet , of late Years , Loyalty and Obedience have been things very much out of Fashion and Request , and Doctrines which some could not hear , or bear with any Patience . The Truth is , we have had the Unhappiness to live in an Age , wherein Loyalty has been persecuted and punish'd , as the worst of Crimes , and even now it is a hard thing to perswade some , that it is either a Virtue , or a Duty ; so that it is little esteemed of by them , and less practised : and therefore the Apostle , as if he did foresee how apt Men would be to flag and faulter in this great Point of Loyalty and Obedience , commands that the Doctrine of Obedience be preach'd up , and Men often be reminded of their Duty in this Particular , saying , Put them in mind to be subject to Principalities and Powers , to obey Magistrates , &c. In discoursing of which Words , I shall first set my self to prove , That Loyalty , and Obedience to Authority , is a necessary and indispensable Duty of Religion . Secondly , Prescribe some Rules and Directions how to preserve and establish us in this Loyalty and Obedience . First then , I shall set my self to prove , that Loyalty , and Obedience to Authority , is a necessary and indispensable Duty of Religion . There is no Duty , in all the Sacred Volume , which is more plain and legible than this of Loyalty and Obedience to Magistrates : and yet some of late years have been so stupid , or rather , willfully blind , as to over-look it ; and , which is very strange , have pretended Power and Skill to discover and spell out the Doctrine of Resistance from the Thirteenth of the Romans , which is a famous Sermon and Discourse of Obedience ; which is a plain and evident Proof how unconscionably some People will sophisticate and pervert the plainest Scripture , when it is to serve a turn , and in order to carry on a desperate Design . But however , Men may industriously oppose the Truth , and hoodwink their Understandings when they desire to delude themselves and others , yet it is as true as Gospel , that Resistance of the Higher Powers is a damnable Sin ; for , They that resist , says St. Paul , shall receive to themselves Damnation . But I defie the most four Patrons , and stiff Assertors of this evil Doctrine of Resistance , to produce one Place or Sentence of Scripture , which sounds or looks that way ; whereas , I can confidently and truly affirm , that there are several great Expressions concerning Obedience to our Superiours , and a huge Vein of Loyalty that runs all along throughout the Holy Scriptures ; some Instances whereof are these , Touch not mine Anointed , nor do my Prophets no harm . Fear God , Honour the King. Let every Soul be subject to the Higher Powers ; with many other Phrases of the like Importance . And 't is very observable , that there is no Duty which is pressed with more Vehemency , or the Threatnings of a severer Penalty , or more largely insisted on than this of Obedience and Subjection ; as if it were the unum necessarium of Religion . And we may farther take notice , That our Saviour himself gives us the greatest Example of it , in paying Tribute when he might have lawfully refused : and to remove and prevent all Exceptions to this heavenly Doctrine of Obedience , acquaints the Jews , that albeit they might look upon themselves as a free and peculiar People , and stand highly upon their singular Grants and Priviledges , so as to think scorn to truckle or bend in a way of Subjection to any Power on Earth , yet seeing it was their Fate to fall under the Power and Dominion of the Romans , who were now uppermost , and become their Masters by absolute Conquest and Victory , they were as things now stood with 'em to pay all dutiful Homage and Submission to 'em , as being the Higher Powers . And St. Paul is very brisk and positive in this matter , and commands Obedience , and to be subject for Conscience sake , even in the Reign of Nero , who was a Monster of Wickedness and Tyranny . So that I cannot see with what pretence of Reason or Conscience Men can dispute Obedience to Authority , in all just and lawful Commands . And I do much wonder how a whole Generation of Men can have the Face to pretend to extraordinary Religion and Sanctity , and yet at the same time live in such a known Sin and Wickedness , as is that of Disobedience to Superiours ; and I much more wonder , how they can call upon Kings and Princes to rule altogether according to Law , when they themselves are such lawless People , and live in such a manifest Violation ; and Defiance of all those Laws of the Land , which are made in Favour and Confirmation of Obedience . But I would that all Men would know , and consider , That a quiet and peaceable Subjection to Authority is one of the great Capital Laws of the Christian Religion : and therefore ; for Men to make nothing to break such a plain Fundamental Law , and disregard such an essential Duty of Religion , is a great sign , that they make very little Conscience of their ways , and a shrewd Argument , that they have little or no Religion . And this is the Proposition which I promised in the first place to make out and maintain , viz. That Loyalty , and Obedience to Authority , is a necessary and indispensable Duty of Religion . I shall now , in the second place , prescribe some Rules and Directions , how to preserve and establish us in Loyalty and Obedience . Which was the thing I principally intended . As first , By renouncing ill Principles and Doctrines dangerous to Government . Secondly , By suppressing our Passions and first Inclinations to Rebellion . Thirdly , By entertaining good Thoughts and Opinions of our Superiours . Fourthly , By avoiding evil and factious Company . Fifthly , By ceasing to envy and mutter at our Superiours . Sixthly , By praying for those in Authority , and the Prosperity of the Government . And lastly , endeavour to satisfie those Scruples and Jealousies which make some People so restless and unquiet under the present Government . And all this , I promise to perform with that Softness and Candor , as to give no just Provocation or Offence to the most passionate Dissenter , if any such should be here present . First then , one way to preserve and establish us in Loyalty , and Obedience to Authority , is , by renouncing ill Principles and Doctrines dangerous to Government . 'T is natural for Men to act according to their Principles , and follow the tendency of those Doctrines which they have been taught , there being , in a manner , the same Relation between Mens Principles and Practices , as between the Cause and Effect . Now , ill Principles will , in time , turn into matter of Conscience : but , when Men are once strongly perswaded that they ought to do a thing , though it be never so unlawful in it self , yet they will act it with as much Courage and Resolution , as they would in the most righteous Cause in the World ; for , one of an erroneous and misguided Conscience , will be as fierce and active in his way as he that has the most tender and pure Conscience . So that none are so mischievous and fatal Enemies to the Government as those that think themselves bound , in Duty and Conscience , to subvert and overthrow it . And for the Truth and Confirmation of this , I will appeal to our late Experience , and the great Bustles and Stirs which some People make at present . 'T is certain , that the Government is always in danger from Men of ill Principles , because they lye under a perpetual Temptation to rebell . Now of those many Principles and Doctrines which have for some Years so mightily prevail'd , and pester'd the World , I shall only recount two , which I think to be of as pernicious a Consequence , and to have had as great an Influence in disturbing the Government , as any others that can be named . The Principles and Doctrines are these two ; That Dominion is founded in Grace ; and That it is lawful to fight for Religion . The one takes away all consideration of Right and Justice , and the other authorises and sanctifies Rebellion . And tho some among us take a peculiar Pride , and would be thought the more religious for clamouring against the Papists , as altogether unsufferable , upon account of their dangerous Principles and Practices ; yet I would fain know , what Difference there is between these two Opinions of the Lawfulness of deposing Kings for Heresie , and fighting for Religion : The one is a pure Jesuitical Principle , and the other a Fanatick . And truly , both accord and jump together in the same Sentiments and Opinions in Opposition to Government , save only , that the latter has the Cunningness to lick the Jesuits Principles into another Form , and put them into a different Dress . But this has been the Trick of all those who have had any Spleen or Design against the Government , to disguise their Malice and wicked Intentions with the plausible and specious Titles and Pretences of Religion and Reformation : and when they have had a mind to rebell , that they might put a good Face and a fair Gloss upon the matter , they begin to find Fault with their Prince for some personal Failings or Enormities of Life , or not being so close a Friend to Religion , nor so godly , as they would have him to be , or else quarrel at the Administration of Publick Affairs , as wanting Conduct and Policy , and not being agreeable to Honour and Justice . And this we have seen practis'd all along , by that Party of Men who are a continual Plague and Burthen to the Government , how that they are always picking Flaws in their Prince's Religion or Government upon the account of some Defects in his Morals , or some Error and Miscarriage of State ; and so represent him as a Person not fit , or religious enough , to govern : for this Principle , That Dominion is founded in Grace , lies at the bottom , and is the Foundation , of all our Dissenters Rage and implacable Aversion to the King and his Government . For , they looking upon themselves as the Godly Party , and that none love or practice Religion like themselves , do thereupon think that none but the Godly have a Right to govern : and though a Prince were as Holy as an Angel , yet , unless he be righteous in their Eyes , and according to their Standard of Holiness , he would be rejected as unfit to rule over ' em . And hence it was , that in the late Times of Usurpation this sort of Men made no Scruple to plunder and spoil others of their Estates , and seat themselves in their Possessions , giving out to the World , That the Wicked did forfeit all Right to their Estates , and that none could hold an Estate by any Tenure but that of Holiness ; and so made a shift , under the Pretences of a singular Piety , and a confident engrossing Holiness to themselves , to convert the Sinners Lands , as they called all Rich and Loyal Persons , into the Inheritance of the Saints , as they call themselves . And the Truth is , wherever this Principle prevails it will mightily provoke and stir up People against their Superiours , in case of the least Failure in point of Morality , or that which they account Religion , and the only Qualification for Government . And who can ever be quiet or safe in their Possessions when a Company of enthusiastick and hot-headed People , as most of this Perswasion are , shall take an occasion to quarrel with others for their Impieties , and grow very angry with 'em for their Sins , to the end they might have some colour and grounds to justifie their Plunder and Sequestration ? And it is certain , that those who are so mightily for putting the Government altogether into the Hands of the Righteous , will be very apt to strike in for their own Preferment ; for , generally such kind of People are mightily conceited of their own worth , and are always Righteous in their own Eyes . But , as this Doctrine has done a world of mischief in causing People narrowly to inspect and animadvert upon all the Failings and Miscarriages of their Superiours , ( so seeking Occasions against 'em ) even to the despising them for some Weaknesses and Imperfections , which are , perhaps , unavoidable in their Circumstances , and no more than some sad Instances of humane Frailty : so likewise that other Doctrine of the Lawfulness of fighting for Religion , has equalled the former in its mischievous Effects . And tho some who have dip'd their Hands in Royal and Innocent Blood , and have been exercis'd in the Slaughter of the Righteous , have called it fighting the Lord's Battels , and assumed to themselves the Name of strict Professors and Reformers of Religion ; yet 't is certain , that such as are so ready to fight for Religion , and promote it by the Sword , have no Religion at all . For , Religion is a peaceable , quiet thing , and Fighting and Quarrels are as contrary to it , as are the most dissonant things in Nature ; as are the Lamb and the Wolf , the soft Airs of Musick , and that raging , merciless Element the Ocean . And I am verily perswaded , that these Principles and Doctrines which I have now mentioned , and the like to them , which I have no time to recite or display in their proper Colours , have been the Occasion of vast Troubles and Distractions in this Kingdom . And doubtless , this very Doctrine of Resistance and opposing Princes , in case we do not like their Religion , which was so maliciously intended , and so boldly maintained by a late Mercenary Pen , in a Book entituled , The Life of Julian the Apostate , has tended very much to dissettle some in their Loyalty , and confirmed others in their Rebellious Principles . And perhaps the Arguments which were there used to confirm and propagate that wicked Position , might very much heat and spur on that unhappy Gentleman the late Lord Russel , to those Consults and Debates which cost him his precious Life , and brought him to such an inglorious end . And besides all this , the great Danger is , That these turbulent and ill Principles , may , like Errors , not dye with their Authors , but convey themselves to Posterity : and we have too plain a Demonstration in this Age , that Rebellion , as well as some natural Diseases , runs in a Blood , and propagates it self from one Generation to another . The Way then to be rooted and grounded in Loyalty , is , to have our Minds seasoned with sound , wholesome , and Loyal Principles ; for , such as are our Principles , such also will be our Practices : and no Man that has imbibed ill Principles , or gives ear to treasonable Doctrines , will ever make a good Christian or a good Subject . And this is one way to preserve and establish us in Loyalty , and Obedience to Authority ; viz. By renouncing ill Principles and Doctrines dangerous to Government . Secondly , Another way to preserve and establish us in Loyalty and Obedience , is , by suppressing our Passions and first Inclinations to Rebellion . When we once deliver up our selves to the Sway and Predominancy of our unruly Passions and Affections , there is no other likelyhood but that the Government should suffer , and be molested by us : for , most certainly , the great Blustrings and Storms , both in Church and State , arise from our swelling and unmortified Passions of Ambition , Malice , Revenge , and the like . 'T is these which imbitter and fire our Spirits against one another , and by Continuance boil up into Rage and Fury , and so help to put the whole Nation into a Flame . 'T is these which , like Gun-powder , tear up the Foundations of Peace and Government ; and if they be not timely check'd and curb'd some way or other , will hurl all into Confusion , and unhinge the World. In a word , 'T is these which first raise a Tumult within our own Breast , and then fly and break out into publick Mischiefs and Disorders ; and can there be any Peace and Quietness as long as these reign and domineer ? But then as to our bad Inclinations , they must be check'd and over-ruled equally with our Passions ; and we must be sure to crush both in their first Risings and Motions against the Government : 'T is true , that bad Inclinations do not presently deprave the Mind , but corrupt and taint it by degrees . They lye hovering over the Soul , and play Fast and Loose about it , till by length of time they come to be fix'd and radicated , and grow into Temper and Constitution . Rebellion , like all other Wickedness , has it's Rise and Beginnings , its several Steps and Stages , and gradual Progressions , to open Violence and Hostility : for , as nemo repente fit turpissimus , no Man grows desperately wicked on the sudden , so no Man turns a Rebel without some pausing and Consideration , without some previous discontents and disaffections to the Government . The Seeds of Sedition must have some time to settle in before they will spring up into actual Mischief and Danger ; but , except they are nip'd in the very Bud , they will insensibly vitiate the Heart and Affections , and breed in us a desperate and plaguy Itch of Rebellion . And I do really believe , that some Persons who have appear'd in actual Rebellion against their Prince , did at first as little dream they should be guilty of any such thing , as Hazael , when it was first suggested to him that he should make such Havock and a bloody Slaughter in Israel ; saying , with great Abhorrence and Detestation , What , is thy Servant a Dog , that he should do this great thing ! But yet , by giving way to bad Inclinations , and the evil Instigation of others , have been toled on actually to engage in a most horrid and bloody Rebellion . The Truth is , Men can scarce apprehend what will be the Issue and final Result of their Passions and bad Inclinations , when they first consent to 'em : they don't know whither they will lead 'em , or into what furious and unlawful Actions they may hurry and transport 'em , or to what a sad and miserable end they may bring 'em in process of Time ; for all Passions and bad Inclinations do improve and gather Strength by Indulgence ; if they continue for any while , they soak into Mens Natures , and strangely pervert the very Temper and Dispositions of their Minds : so that by continual yielding and giving way to these boysterous Passions of Spite , Malice , and Revenge , Men at length come to be fierce , turbulent , and unruly , that there is no keeping 'em within Compass , or reducing them to a quiet , peaceable , and good Behaviour . And therefore it is sound and wholsome Advice to resist the Beginnings of Evil , whether of Body or Mind ; for just as an ill Wound which may soon be cured by a timely Care and Application of proper and fitting Remedies , but if long neglected will ranckle and fester into an incurable Gangreen ; so our turbulent Passions and evil Inclinations may easily be supprest , by striving against 'em at first : but if they are let alone to go on and prosper , they will then prove fatal to Government , and swell into the most outrageous Treason and Rebellion . And this is another way to preserve and establish us in Loyalty , and Obedience to Authority ; viz. By suppressing our Passions and first Inclinations to Rebellion . Thirdly , Another way to preserve and establish us in Loyalty , and Obedience to Authority , is , by entertaining good Thoughts and Opinions of our Superiours . And this is a very proper Method and Means to secure our Obedience to Government ; forasmuch as there can be no Certainty or Security of Obedience unless Mens Hearts are right and sincere towards their Governours . It is always seen , that where Men have ill Thoughts or Opinions of any Person , they can never heartily love or be truly reconciled to him , nor yet think well of any of his Actions : they may indeed make a fair shew , and carry it smoothly to outward Appearance , but there can never be any real or sincere Friendship . And it is the very same in case of Obedience to Superiours ; for , where Subjects have no honourable Thoughts or venerable Opinion of their Prince , they can then never obey him out of any Principle of Love , but purely as Slaves , out of Constraint and fear of Punishment . Now where Obedience is the Result of such a slavish Fear , it will never last longer than till Men are afraid to rebell , and they will fear no longer when they once get an Opportunity and Power to rebell : so that that Obedience which is altogether grounded and establish'd upon Fear , is of a most uncertain Date and Tenure ; and the Government which so depends can never be safe or happy for the Prince . And therefore , if we desire to approve our selves good and obedient Subjects , we must ground our Obedience in hearty Love and Affections to our Prince ; and this we can never do , unless we resolve to chide away and banish far from us all unkind and uncharitable Thoughts and Suspicions of our Prince , either as touching his Religion or his Government : for if a Prince be never so wise and religious , yet if we are resolved not to think him so , this ill Nature and morose Temper of ours will make us extreamly censorious , and to put an ill Construction upon all his Actions and Proceedings . Tho a Prince should deserve never so well of his Subjects by his prudent and kind Government , as certainly our King is the most meritorious Prince in the World in both Respects ; who if he had no other divine Qualities but his vast Wisdom and Clemency , is the fittest Person on Earth to be God's Vicegerent . I say , should a Prince be never so wise and gracious , yet if Subjects will be peevish and cross-grain'd , and have an utter Aversion and Antipathy to his Government , 't is impossible they should obey him from the Heart , when let him do the best he can he shall never please ' em . And therefore Solomon takes the best way to secure our Love and Obedience to our Superiours , when he forbids us to curse the King even in our Thoughts . He knew very well , that there is no preserving Majesty from Contempt unless we retain a secret Reverence for him in our Hearts ; for evil Thoughts are next door to evil Practices , and a fair Introduction to Rebellion . He was sensible , That nothing could so facilitate and secure Obedience to Governours , as a real Love and Liking to 'em , and an honouring 'em from the very bottom of our Souls . We know that Love always follows Liking ; and where there is not a real Liking there can never be a true and hearty Love ; and it is impossible for a People to obey their Prince as they ought to do when they have no good Opinion or Conceit of him : and therefore we should labour to possess our Minds and Hearts with good Thoughts and candid Opinions of our Rulers and Governours , which will dispose us to put the best and fairest Construction upon all their Actions : and then will our Obedience come so freely and sweetly from us , that we shall find Pleasure in obeying , as well as our King in governing . And this is another way to preserve and establish us in Loyalty , and Obedience to Authority ; viz. By entertaining good Thoughts and Opinions of our Superiours . Fourthly , Another way to preserve and establish us in Loyalty , and Obedience to Authority , is , By avoiding Evil and Factious Company . I need not tell you what Prejudice or Advantages we are capable of receiving from Company , the good or evil Conversation of others , what Power or Influence it has to improve Men in Virtue or Vice : but generally , bad Company alters Men soonest , and most , and is most infectious , which may be ascribed to our stronger natural Propensions to Evil , and our greater Susceptibleness of it , than what is really good and vertuous . But so it is ever known to be , that Men , by keeping Company , contract a likeness of Temper and Disposition with those with whom they usually and frequently converse , and make Friendship ; with the froward Men will grow froward , with the Meek they will grow meek ; and therefore Solomon advises , not to keep Company with an angry Man : which He might do upon a double account , either as that might prove fatal and dangerous to his Person , or else infect his Mind with the same Passion . And I am apt to believe , that some honest and well-meaning Men , who at first detested all Practises against the Government , have been corrupted , and drawn into Plots and treasonable Designs purely by keeping Company with such as were factious , and disaffected to the Government . 'T is a hard matter for him that is a Companion of base People , to preserve his Integrity or escape Defilement ; and one may shrewdly guess at the Temper and Principles of a Man by the Company he keeps . 'T is certain , that whilst Men indulge themselves the Liberty of tatling about the Government , and against it , in Seditious Clubs and Conventicles , they will , by continual Discourses of this nature , envenome their Spirits , and come to steep their Language in the Gall of Bitterness : for as it is observed , that the frequent talking of some Vices infects the Fancy and vitiates the Mind , and so procreates a Love and a Longing to them ; so it is often seen , that by treasonable Talk Men slide and fall into actual Rebellion ; for from evil Discourses to evil Actions , is a natural Progression . And therefore Solomon gives very proper Advice for the preventing all Treasonable Practices , when he says , Prov. 24.21 . My Son , fear thou the Lord and the King , and meddle not with them which are given to change : that is , Do not associate and hold Correspondency with Men of roving Heads and unsettled Minds , who are governed by no steddy good Principle , but are restless and uneasie under all Governments . No Body knows , no not themselves , what will please 'em : they are dissatisfied with any Government long , and affect Novelty and Change in Government , as well as in other things : with such Persons hold no Commerce at all , have no Dealings with 'em , nor interest your self in their Designs and Projects : when you chance to meet with Persons so very whimsical , and of such fickle and unstable Minds , be sure you contract no Friendship with 'em , but decline their Society , as what will prove dangerous to your self , as well as the Government . See then that you carefully and studiously avoid the Company of such People as are always contriving , and hankering after new Forms and Models of Government , and meddle not with them which are given to change . And this is another way to preserve and establish us in Loyalty , and Obedience to Authority ; viz. By avoiding factious and pestilent Company . Fifthly , Another way to preserve and establish us in Loyalty , and Obedience to Authority , is , By ceasing to envy and mutter at our Superiours . Could we who are placed in a remote and lower Sphear , be sensible of the Cares and Incumbrances of a Crown , we should , I perswade my self , be so far from envying the Glory of Princes , that we should heartily pitty and lament their Condition . Did we but consider their many thoughtful and busie Hours , how watchful they are for our Good , when perhaps we are sleeping and snoring in our Beds ; how they are bandying of things and racking their Brains in deep Consults and Debates for the publick Welfare , at such times as our Thoughts and Minds are at perfect Ease and Rest ; how they have their Hands and Heads full too , when we have little or nothing at all to busie and disturb us , and how difficult and laborious a Province it is to rule and govern . Did we thus consider the great Cares and Difficulties of Government , certainly it would mightily abate and take off our Spleen and Envy against our Superiours ; it would make us more tender of adding any greater Load of Troubles to that mighty weight of Business which they already sustain . Kings and Princes have Cares enough ( God help 'em ) in the very best Juncture of Affairs , when their Government is most easie and safe , when all things go on in a due and orderly Course ; yet they find work enough to preserve Peace and Quietness in their Kingdoms , and need not be put to the Trouble of quelling Riots , or appeasing the Rage and Fury of a factious Multitude : they find enough to do to defend us from our Enemies abroad , to watch their Motions , and dive into their Policies ; so that it is , in my Mind , great Cruelty and Baseness to force them upon the same Guard and Watchfulness at home , by our intestine Broils and Dissentions , and making continual Stirs and Commotions in the State. In the Name of God , what is it that we the People of this Nation would have , or can reasonably expect or desire to enjoy , more than now we do ? What is it that we so much grumble and are discontented at ? Are we troubled that our Rulers are studying and projecting continually for our Good and the Safety of the Publick ? Are we troubled that we have such excellent Laws to protect and defend us , and that Justice is administred with so much Temper and Moderation ? Are we troubled that our Superiours will take upon 'em the Pains and Trouble to govern us who cannot govern our selves ? Or , Are we troubled that our Religion prospers , and grows every day more and more victorious over those who have been given up to strong Errors and Delusions . Do any of these things trouble us ? If they do not , then 't is plain that we are arrant Knaves , and resolve to quarrel and find fault out of pure Crossness , and design to vex the Government . But if they do trouble us , then we deserve to be troubled another way for being such Fools as not to understand our own Interest and Advantage ; then nothing can prevent our troubling our selves , or proving troublesome to Authority , but only the whetting the Sword of Justice , and making us feel the Power of the publick Rods and Axes : and then we shall have something to trouble us indeed . But if we can find no just Matter or Occasion of Offence upon any of the former Accounts , why then do we not humbly acquiesce in the Determinations of our Superiours , and yield up a ready and quiet Obedience to all the lawful Commands and Injunctions of Authority ? If some People , who live under other Governments where the Prince's Will is an absolute Law , and who many times requires Obedience as well without Reason as without Law ; I say , if these People should understand the great Liberty and Immunities of the Subjects of this Realm , and how sweetly and bravely we live , even more like Princes than Subjects , and how that every one may live as he lists , and serve God as much as he pleases , if he do either as he ought and should , they would stand amazed at our Happiness , and wonder what ails the People of England that they are no quieter , nor better satisfied , under such a gentle and fine tempered Government . For my own part , I must needs say , that I am often , in my private Musings and Retirements from the World , lifting up my Heart and Hands to Heaven , humbly adoring the great Mercy and Goodness of Almighty God , in giving me my Lot and Station under such an equal and favourable Government , where all People may be as happy as they can wish or desire , and are debarr'd the Liberty of nothing but making themselves and others unhappy by their foolish Divisions . And truly , if we grumble and mutter now , we grumble and mutter for we know not what : and I wish , with all my Heart , that we live not to see those Times wherein we may have Reason to complain , and smart soundly for our present Petulancy and Wantonness . Alas , poor foolish People that we are ! We do not , we will not , understand our own Happiness ! And what an easie thing it is to obey , in comparison of what it is to govern : I see we are not to be perswaded or convinc'd of the great Priviledges and Comforts of a private Life , and how that Subjects enjoy more Ease and Quietness in one Day , than perhaps their Rulers and Governours do all the Days of their Lives : but , as far as we can ghess by the Troubles and Cares belonging to the Rule and Government of a private Family , 't is no such sweet and pleasant thing to govern , as some People may imagine . A Crown , indeed , is a glorious Thing to behold , and People do naturally stare and gaze upon its outward Pomp and Splendour ; but they have not the Sagacity to discern with what Cares and Thorns this glittering thing is stuff'd and lined within . I know not what others may think , but it was ever my Opinion , since I could make any true Judgment of things , that we are infinitely beholding to our Rulers for the Pains and Care they are pleased to undergo in managing the Publick Concerns of a whole Nation , which redounds so much to every individual Mans Interest and Advantage : and , I think we can never thoroughly recompence or pay a sufficient Tribute of Thankfulness and Obedience to our Governours for their accepting the Charge and Trouble of so vast a Conduct . And therefore , is it not very ill done of some , and an unpardonable Crime in those that make it their Business out of the Malignity of their Spirits against the Government , to sow the Seeds of Discord and Faction , to cherish private Animosities and Discontents among People of different Perswasions , to the end they might grieve Majesty and make more Work for their Superiours ; and , which is more , have laboured , with all their might and main , to misrepresent and bespatter the King and his Government by infamous Libels , and false , scandalous Stories , thinking , by this means , to make Majesty more uneasie in his Throne , and to render both Him and his Government universally odious ? Whereas it is the Duty , and will be the Practice , of every good Subject , to endeavour by a ready and quiet Obedience , and a peaceable Behaviour , to alleviate and sweeten those Cares and Troubles which are so essential to Government . And this is another way to preserve and establish us in Loyalty , and Obedience to Authority ; viz. By ceasing to envy and mutter at our Superiours . Sixthly , and lastly , Another way to preserve and establish us in Loyalty , and Obedience to Authority , is , by Praying for those in Authority , and the Prosperity of the Government . Government is one of the greatest Blessings that can be to the World ; a prime Instrument of humane Felicity , without which , Men would live and act like Salvages , and worry one another like so many Beasts of Prey : without Government the World would be a miserable and a dangerous place to live in , and all things would run into the greatest Disorder and Confusion . 'T is from the Benefit and Protection of the Laws that all Societies keep and maintain their Rights and Priviledges , that Men have the Liberty and Freedom to get Estates , and to enjoy 'em quietly and peaceably when they have done . 'T is by the Force and Power of Laws that we have our Lives and Liberties guarded from continual Violence and Invasion ; and lastly , 'T is Government that secures us in the exercise of our Religion , and befriends us with so much Time , and Leisure , and Opportunities for Devotion : and therefore , considering all these happy Effects of Government , we ought to pray , in point of Interest , for the Prosperity of Kings , and the good Success of their Government , that under them we may live peaceable and quiet Lives , in all Godliness and Honesty . And though the Primitive Christians had the Misfortune to be inform'd against , by some of their malicious and implacable Adversaries , as Persons dangerous to the Government , and that their very Religion and Principles naturally led and prompted 'em to Treason and Rebellion against the State ; yet this is known to be a false and malicious Lye , and that none were greater Friends to the Government than they , tho the Government was an utter Enemy to them : which is confirm'd by their quiet and peaceable Behaviour under the Government , and their assiduous and fervent Prayers for the Prosperity of the Empire under which they lived . Which stand upon Record in the Writings of several of the Fathers , and have of late been transcribed and produc'd by several Learned Men , in Testimony of their Loyalty , and to shame and reproach the Disloyalty of some Christians in these days if they had any Shame in ' em . We must all needs know and confess , That Government was ordained and instituted for the Good of the World ; and the better that succeeds and prospers , the better it will be for us . And if some cannot be brought to pray for its Prosperity , 't is a Sign , that they do not regard their own private Interest and Welfare which are involved in the Publick , or else that they have no kindness for their Superiours or their Fellow-Subjects , in wishing ill to the Government , that so those that sit at the Helm may appear odious to the People : or else , rather than not to be gratified in their private Piques and Animosities against the Government , care not if the whole Kingdom be ruined . But , if some Men that are Lovers of Anarchy and Confusion , will not be perswaded that Government is useful and profitable , I could almost wish that such People ( if others that are wiser and better could be safe ) might for some while have their own choice , and try the Experiment of such Dissolution and Disorders ; or others that declare for Government , but are mightily set against that kind of Government which is Monarchical and which it is our Happiness to enjoy , shall hereupon oppose it , or not pray for the Prosperity and Continuance of the present Government , that they also might have their own Wishes and Hearts desire in suffering the Tyranny and Distraction of a Commonwealth , if that were possible , without a real Change of that happy and blessed Government which we are now under . But it is a vain and fruitless Attempt for a man of my small Moment in the World , to dispute with such Persons about the Duty and Obligation of praying for our Governours and Government , when 't is evident , that they despise an Apostolical Rule whereby we are commanded to pray for Kings and all in Authority over us . And truly , when it is so that People shall think much to pray for their Rulers , they will as certainly think much to obey 'em ; or , where they shall only pray formally and to avoid the Suspicion of Disloyalty , they had even as good not pray at all , for God accepts not of the Prayers of such insincere and hollow-hearted Hypocrites , neither will the Government thrive one Jot the better for ' em . Yet I doubt not but God has hitherto preserved our Gracious Sovereign and his Government from the sundry Attempts and nefarious Designs of the Sons of Violence , as the Fruit and Blessing of the numerous fervent Prayers of pious and good Men , which have been incessantly offered up to Heaven for the Conservation of both . And this is another way to preserve and establish us in Loyalty , and Obedience to Authority ; viz. By praying for those in Authority , and the Prosperity of the Government . Having now prescribed several Rules and Directions how to preserve and establish us in Loyalty , and Obedience to Authority , I shall now , in the last place , proceed to satisfie those Scruples and Jealousies which make some People so restless and unquiet under the present Government . Now , these Fears and Jealousies must be grounded either upon a Suspition of their Prince's Firmness and Constancy to the Protestant Religion , or else upon a Suspicion of a Change of Government ; upon both which Accounts , I shall shew Mens Fears and Jealousies to be altogether groundless and unreasonable . First , If these Fears are grounded upon a Suspicion of their Prince's Firmness and Constancy to the Protestant Religion , ( I speak out what others by their Whispers and Muttrings have given us too much Reason to believe they suspect and think ) they are then altogether groundless and unreasonable . For it is highly improbable that a Prince should waver in his Religion , or incline to part with it in his Prosperity , when he could not be overcome to change it in the time of his Adversity , and when some who went under the Name of strict Professors and Protestants had done enough , by their cruel and unchristian Practices towards him , to put him out of Conceit with it . But 't is well known , that during the Time of his Majesty's Exile and Banishment , when he was under great Temptations to change his Principles , both from the Spite and Malice of his Subjects at home , and the Kindness and Friendship which was proffer'd him abroad , that notwithstanding these great Provocations on the one Hand , and as great Allurements on the other , still he had the Courage and Bravery to preserve his Faith and Conscience inviolable . And when his Religion was brought to the Test and Tryal , 't is manifest , That the Impressions of Religion were so strong and well-grounded in him , that no power of Art , or force of Disputation , could alter or controul 'em , not the greatest Subtilty and cunning Sophistry of the Jesuits , could win upon him , or so far insinuate any contrary Perswasion into his Mind , as in the least to stagger him in his Faith : but he continued firm and stedfast to his first Principles , and came off a brave , stout Confessor , and Defender of that Faith and Religion for which his Father died a Glorious Martyr . So that Mens Fears of Popery coming in , upon a Suspicion of their Prince's Firmness and Constancy to the Protestant Religion , is ( to say no worse ) very unkind and uncharitable , and a Diminution to that Glory he did himself and the Protestant Religion , when he stood out and maintained his Ground under so great a Tryal of Afflictions and Temptations too . Secondly , Mens Fears of Popery coming in , upon a Suspicion of a Change of Government , are highly absurd and unreasonable . The Protestant Religion is now of long Continuance among us , and is so united and incorporated into the Government of the State , that Church and State must live and fall together . And such was the Care and Policy of those who attempted the first Reformation , that they so ordered the matter , as to make it Mens temporal Interest to preserve and stand up for the Protestant Religion , by alienating the Church-Lands and Revenues into the Hands of the Laity ; so that now most of the best and greatest Estates in England consist and lie chiefly in those Lands which formerly belonged wholly and entirely to the Church . So that it is against one of the most common and received Maxims , which is , That Men will be of that Religion which is most for their present Interest , to think that ever the People of this Nation will desire or consent to a Change of Government , when by that means they will hazard their Estates , and be in danger of losing all . If , indeed , the coming in of Popery would be for Mens Advantage , and add to their Revenues , for ought I know , vast Numbers would be tempted to embrace it . But , when it will so indanger their Fortunes , if not beggar 'em quite , I can never believe , or imagine , That the People of this Nation , who have either Lands or Brains , will change or turn to Popery , whatever they may turn to else . Besides , the Protestant Religion , as I hinted before , is now of a considerable Standing among us , and has had time to settle , which it had not when People flew off from it in Queen Mary's Days . Then the Reformation was in a great measure imperfect , and but in its Infancy , and it was impossible it should be confirm'd and ratified when People had only some small Taste and Relish of it , as now it is , by so many repeated Laws in the Successions of several Princes ; and therefore it was no wonder that People were so soon perswaded to turn off a new Religion , and revert to the old one , But now that we are grown better acquainted with the Protestant Religion , and are so well convinc'd of its great Excellency and Reasonableness , in comparison of the Romish , it will be a hard thing to introduce Popery at this time of Day ; because , such is the Genius of this Nation , That when they take to a thing , especially to Religion , they will not leave or part with it , if they can possibly help it . and so it is that the Protestant Religion has had the good Fortune to be most agreeable to their Minds and Perswasions , of any Religion in the World : and therefore , considering it is their great Diana , none that knows the English Zeal and Resolution , in matters of Religion , will be so hardy or foolish as to attempt to change or ravish it from ' em . And besides this , before there can be a Change of Government , which must be effected by a Change of Religion , there must be such a repealing of Laws , and Alteration of Properties , and such vast Changes , as are not to be expected in the Revolutions of an Age : so that although some Men may fear the coming in of Popery , yet if it be considered what a great and strange Alteration there must be , both in the Constitutions of the Nation , and the very Temper of the People , in all humane Probability , it can never prevail in our days . And , tho some People are possess'd with such mighty Fears of Popery , and its prevailing among us , yet , if I may speak my Mind freely , and without Offence , I see more Reason to fear , that , according to the Atheism and Wickedness of the Times , we shall come shortly to be of no Religion at all . Fear is one of the most boundless and ranging Passions belonging to Humane Nature , and which prevails more or less according to the Variety and Difference of Mens Tempers and Constitutions ; but , where it meets with a Person whose Faculty of Imagination is quicker and more operative than ordinary , there it swells and multiplies , even to the transforming every weak and idle Fancy into a prodigious Monster and Bugbear . And therefore 't is observed , That those who appear so mightily afraid of the Introduction of Popery among us , are a sort of People that are naturally suspicious and jealous of every thing , in whom Fear is the most prevailing and governing Passion : and therefore , as to the Business of Popery , if People will indulge their Fears and Jealousies , 't is certain they may as much fear a thing that will never come as that which may come : so that there is no such way to cure some Peoples desperate . Fears of Popery , as to advise them to consult their Reason touching the Probability of Events , more than their Passions , which are often very vain and extravagant . And now , though I am convinc'd I have done my Duty both to God and Man , in preaching upon this necessary and material Subject of Loyalty and Obedience , yet I fancy that some People may object against this Discourse , for no other Reason , but because it is a Sermon of that Nature and Strain ; and perhaps , judge it unreasonable and improper for such an Auditory , where none but Loyal and conformable Persons are suppos'd to be . This , indeed , is such a trifling and silly Cavil , that I could hardly believe any such thing , but that I know it to be true , for People to cry out , that a Sermon is unseasonable and improper , only because they have no mind to hear of a Duty which they have no Mind to practise . And 't is certain , that those that so flounce and carp at a Discourse of Loyalty , and Obedience to Authority , must have a sore place somewhere , some little Ailing and Infirmity of Mind and Conscience , as to the Point of Loyalty , which they cannot endure should be touch'd or rubb'd up . But I am strongly of Opinion , that no Man will ever grumble to hear handsomly of a thing he loves : and therefore I conclude , that whoever is offended at a Sermon of Loyalty and Obedience , can have no real Love or Liking to the thing it self . But in Answer to this slight and poor Cavil , I say this , That I think a Sermon of Loyalty to be always seasonable , and that Ministers are as much bound to preach it up as any other necessary Duty of Religion , whether People will hear , or whether they will forbear . And the same Objection lies against all Sermons as well as this of Loyalty : for if we preach nothing but what is new , and not tell People of their Duty because they pretend to know it already , then all preaching will soon be at an end . But we think it , as the Apostle did , meet and necessary , to put People in Mind of Loyalty and Obedience , for the same reason that we put 'em in mind of all other Duties ; viz. not because they don't know 'em , but because they will not practise what they know . And moreover , I think that a Sermon of Loyalty is more especially in season at this time , considering how the World now goes , and how much the Government is threatned by a sort of Factious and ungovernable Men. And I think none of us can be too perfect in this Lesson of Obedience ; and perhaps some People may not be so perfect as they take themselves to be ; and 't is a Sign that they need to be taught Loyalty , when they cannot endure to hear of it , and appear so very uneasie and nettled at a Discourse that tends that way . But let not such Persons flatter themselves with an Opinion of their great Loyalty , when they resent it so very ill to be told of it ; for , this Impatience and Dislike must needs proceed from Lukewarmness , and a very cold and imperfect Love of Obedience to Authority . Indeed , according to some Mens bitter way of arguing , no Subject can be very pleasing ; and perhaps it may occasion some People to fly quite off from their Duty which they had but little mind to before . And therefore , I have all along been careful not to offend any through hot and fiery Language , or provoke 'em by hard Names and odious Appellatives , which I think mighty unbecoming this Sacred Place , where a Decency ought to be observed in our Words as well as Actions . Herein , then , do I comfort my self , that I have handled this Doctrine of Obedience with those gentle , but solid Arguments , that I presume the most violent Fanatick cannot justly quarrel at 'em , and I defie the wisest and most conceited Fanatick of 'em all , either to answer or confute ' em . FINIS .