id sid tid token lemma pos 23626 1 1 generously generously RB 23626 1 2 made make VBN 23626 1 3 available available JJ 23626 1 4 by by IN 23626 1 5 The the DT 23626 1 6 Internet Internet NNP 23626 1 7 Archive Archive NNP 23626 1 8 / / SYM 23626 1 9 American American NNP 23626 1 10 Libraries Libraries NNPS 23626 1 11 . . . 23626 1 12 ) ) -RRB- 23626 2 1 THE the DT 23626 2 2 CHEMISTRY CHEMISTRY NNP 23626 2 3 , , , 23626 2 4 PROPERTIES property NNS 23626 2 5 AND and CC 23626 2 6 TESTS test NNS 23626 2 7 OF of IN 23626 2 8 PRECIOUS PRECIOUS NNP 23626 2 9 STONES STONES NNP 23626 2 10 * * NFP 23626 2 11 * * NFP 23626 2 12 * * NFP 23626 2 13 * * NFP 23626 2 14 * * NFP 23626 2 15 BY by IN 23626 2 16 THE the DT 23626 2 17 SAME SAME NNP 23626 2 18 AUTHOR author NN 23626 2 19 THE the DT 23626 2 20 STOLEN STOLEN NNP 23626 2 21 PLANET PLANET NNP 23626 2 22 . . . 23626 3 1 ( ( -LRB- 23626 3 2 2nd 2nd NNP 23626 3 3 edition edition NNP 23626 3 4 . . . 23626 3 5 ) ) -RRB- 23626 4 1 3s 3s LS 23626 4 2 . . . 23626 5 1 6d 6d NNP 23626 5 2 . . . 23626 6 1 THROUGH through IN 23626 6 2 THE the DT 23626 6 3 SUN SUN NNP 23626 6 4 IN in IN 23626 6 5 AN AN NNP 23626 6 6 AIRSHIP airship NN 23626 6 7 . . . 23626 7 1 6s 6 NNS 23626 7 2 . . . 23626 8 1 THE the DT 23626 8 2 IMMORTAL IMMORTAL NNP 23626 8 3 LIGHT LIGHT NNP 23626 8 4 . . . 23626 9 1 ( ( -LRB- 23626 9 2 2nd 2nd NNP 23626 9 3 edition edition NNP 23626 9 4 . . . 23626 9 5 ) ) -RRB- 23626 10 1 6s 6 NNS 23626 10 2 . . . 23626 11 1 C. C. NNP 23626 11 2 GRIFFIN GRIFFIN NNP 23626 11 3 AND and CC 23626 11 4 CO CO NNP 23626 11 5 . . NNP 23626 11 6 , , , 23626 11 7 LTD LTD NNP 23626 11 8 . . . 23626 12 1 THE the DT 23626 12 2 AUTOBIOGRAPHY AUTOBIOGRAPHY NNP 23626 12 3 OF of IN 23626 12 4 A a DT 23626 12 5 PICTURE picture NN 23626 12 6 . . . 23626 13 1 ( ( -LRB- 23626 13 2 2nd 2nd NNP 23626 13 3 edition edition NNP 23626 13 4 . . . 23626 13 5 ) ) -RRB- 23626 14 1 3s 3s LS 23626 14 2 . . . 23626 15 1 6d 6d NNP 23626 15 2 . . . 23626 16 1 THIS this DT 23626 16 2 WORKADAY workaday NN 23626 16 3 WORLD world NN 23626 16 4 . . . 23626 17 1 ( ( -LRB- 23626 17 2 In in IN 23626 17 3 the the DT 23626 17 4 Press Press NNP 23626 17 5 . . . 23626 17 6 ) ) -RRB- 23626 18 1 HENRY HENRY NNP 23626 18 2 J. J. NNP 23626 18 3 DRANE DRANE NNP 23626 18 4 . . . 23626 19 1 PEPPER PEPPER NNP 23626 19 2 'S 's POS 23626 19 3 BOY BOY NNP 23626 19 4 'S 'S NNP 23626 19 5 PLAYBOOK playbook NN 23626 19 6 OF of IN 23626 19 7 SCIENCE science NN 23626 19 8 . . . 23626 20 1 ( ( -LRB- 23626 20 2 New New NNP 23626 20 3 edition edition NN 23626 20 4 . . . 23626 20 5 ) ) -RRB- 23626 21 1 Now now RB 23626 21 2 in in IN 23626 21 3 Press Press NNP 23626 21 4 , , , 23626 21 5 revised revise VBN 23626 21 6 , , , 23626 21 7 re re JJ 23626 21 8 - - VBN 23626 21 9 written write VBN 23626 21 10 and and CC 23626 21 11 re re JJ 23626 21 12 - - VBN 23626 21 13 illustrated illustrate VBN 23626 21 14 by by IN 23626 21 15 DR DR NNP 23626 21 16 . . . 23626 21 17 JOHN JOHN NNP 23626 21 18 MASTIN MASTIN NNP 23626 21 19 . . . 23626 22 1 GEORGE GEORGE NNP 23626 22 2 ROUTLEDGE ROUTLEDGE NNP 23626 22 3 AND and CC 23626 22 4 SONS SONS NNP 23626 22 5 , , , 23626 22 6 LTD LTD NNP 23626 22 7 . . . 23626 23 1 ETC etc FW 23626 23 2 . . . 23626 24 1 ETC etc FW 23626 24 2 . . . 23626 25 1 * * NFP 23626 25 2 * * NFP 23626 25 3 * * NFP 23626 25 4 * * NFP 23626 25 5 * * NFP 23626 25 6 THE the DT 23626 25 7 CHEMISTRY CHEMISTRY NNP 23626 25 8 , , , 23626 25 9 PROPERTIES property NNS 23626 25 10 AND and CC 23626 25 11 TESTS test NNS 23626 25 12 OF of IN 23626 25 13 PRECIOUS PRECIOUS NNP 23626 25 14 STONES STONES NNP 23626 25 15 . . . 23626 26 1 BY by IN 23626 26 2 JOHN JOHN NNP 23626 26 3 MASTIN MASTIN NNP 23626 26 4 , , , 23626 26 5 M.A. M.A. NNP 23626 27 1 D.SC D.SC NNP 23626 27 2 . . . 23626 28 1 PH.D. ph.d. LS 23626 28 2 LITT.D. litt.d. XX 23626 29 1 F.S F.S NNP 23626 29 2 A.SCOT A.SCOT NNP 23626 29 3 . . . 23626 30 1 F.L.S. f.l.s. NN 23626 31 1 F.C.S. F.C.S. NNP 23626 32 1 F.R.A.S. F.R.A.S. NNP 23626 33 1 F.R.M.S. F.R.M.S. NNP 23626 34 1 R.B.A. R.B.A. NNP 23626 35 1 _ _ NNP 23626 35 2 Author author NN 23626 35 3 of of IN 23626 35 4 " " `` 23626 35 5 Parasites Parasites NNPS 23626 35 6 of of IN 23626 35 7 Insects Insects NNPS 23626 35 8 , , , 23626 35 9 " " '' 23626 35 10 " " `` 23626 35 11 The the DT 23626 35 12 True True NNP 23626 35 13 Analysis Analysis NNP 23626 35 14 of of IN 23626 35 15 Milk milk NN 23626 35 16 , , , 23626 35 17 " " '' 23626 35 18 " " `` 23626 35 19 Plate Plate NNP 23626 35 20 - - HYPH 23626 35 21 Culture Culture NNP 23626 35 22 and and CC 23626 35 23 Staining Staining NNP 23626 35 24 of of IN 23626 35 25 Amoebæ Amoebæ NNP 23626 35 26 , , , 23626 35 27 " " `` 23626 35 28 etc etc FW 23626 35 29 . . FW 23626 35 30 , , , 23626 35 31 etc etc FW 23626 35 32 . . . 23626 35 33 _ _ NNP 23626 35 34 _ _ NNP 23626 35 35 London London NNP 23626 35 36 _ _ NNP 23626 35 37 E. E. NNP 23626 35 38 & & CC 23626 35 39 F. F. NNP 23626 35 40 N. N. NNP 23626 35 41 SPON SPON NNP 23626 35 42 , , , 23626 35 43 LIMITED LIMITED NNP 23626 35 44 , , , 23626 35 45 57 57 CD 23626 35 46 HAYMARKET HAYMARKET NNP 23626 35 47 _ _ NNP 23626 35 48 NEW NEW NNP 23626 35 49 YORK YORK NNP 23626 35 50 _ _ NNP 23626 35 51 SPON SPON NNP 23626 35 52 & & CC 23626 35 53 CHAMBERLAIN CHAMBERLAIN NNP 23626 35 54 , , , 23626 35 55 123 123 CD 23626 35 56 LIBERTY LIBERTY NNP 23626 35 57 STREET STREET NNP 23626 35 58 1911 1911 CD 23626 35 59 Transcriber Transcriber NNP 23626 35 60 's 's POS 23626 35 61 note note NN 23626 35 62 : : : 23626 35 63 For for IN 23626 35 64 Text Text NNP 23626 35 65 : : : 23626 35 66 A a DT 23626 35 67 word word NN 23626 35 68 surrounded surround VBN 23626 35 69 by by IN 23626 35 70 a a DT 23626 35 71 cedilla cedilla NN 23626 35 72 such such JJ 23626 35 73 as as IN 23626 35 74 ~this~ ~this~ NNP 23626 35 75 signifies signify VBZ 23626 35 76 that that IN 23626 35 77 the the DT 23626 35 78 word word NN 23626 35 79 is be VBZ 23626 35 80 bolded bolde VBN 23626 35 81 in in IN 23626 35 82 the the DT 23626 35 83 text text NN 23626 35 84 . . . 23626 36 1 A a DT 23626 36 2 word word NN 23626 36 3 surrounded surround VBN 23626 36 4 by by IN 23626 36 5 underscores underscore NNS 23626 36 6 like like IN 23626 36 7 _ _ NNP 23626 36 8 this this DT 23626 36 9 _ _ NNP 23626 36 10 signifies signify VBZ 23626 36 11 the the DT 23626 36 12 word word NN 23626 36 13 is be VBZ 23626 36 14 italics italic NNS 23626 36 15 in in IN 23626 36 16 the the DT 23626 36 17 text text NN 23626 36 18 . . . 23626 37 1 The the DT 23626 37 2 italic italic JJ 23626 37 3 and and CC 23626 37 4 bold bold JJ 23626 37 5 markup markup NN 23626 37 6 for for IN 23626 37 7 single single JJ 23626 37 8 italized italize VBN 23626 37 9 letters letter NNS 23626 37 10 or or CC 23626 37 11 " " `` 23626 37 12 foreign foreign JJ 23626 37 13 " " '' 23626 37 14 abbreviations abbreviation NNS 23626 37 15 are be VBP 23626 37 16 deleted delete VBN 23626 37 17 for for IN 23626 37 18 easier easy JJR 23626 37 19 reading reading NN 23626 37 20 . . . 23626 38 1 For for IN 23626 38 2 numbers number NNS 23626 38 3 and and CC 23626 38 4 equations equation NNS 23626 38 5 : : : 23626 38 6 Parentheses parenthesis NNS 23626 38 7 have have VBP 23626 38 8 been be VBN 23626 38 9 added add VBN 23626 38 10 to to TO 23626 38 11 clarify clarify VB 23626 38 12 fractions fraction NNS 23626 38 13 . . . 23626 39 1 Underscores underscore NNS 23626 39 2 before before IN 23626 39 3 bracketed bracket VBN 23626 39 4 numbers number NNS 23626 39 5 in in IN 23626 39 6 equations equation NNS 23626 39 7 denote denote VBP 23626 39 8 a a DT 23626 39 9 subscript subscript NN 23626 39 10 . . . 23626 40 1 CONTENTS content NNS 23626 40 2 CHAPTER chapter NN 23626 40 3 PAGE page NN 23626 40 4 I -PRON- PRP 23626 40 5 INTRODUCTORY introductory VBP 23626 40 6 1 1 CD 23626 40 7 II ii CD 23626 40 8 THE the DT 23626 40 9 ORIGIN ORIGIN NNS 23626 40 10 OF of IN 23626 40 11 PRECIOUS PRECIOUS NNP 23626 40 12 STONES STONES NNP 23626 40 13 7 7 CD 23626 40 14 III iii CD 23626 40 15 PHYSICAL PHYSICAL NNS 23626 40 16 PROPERTIES--(A properties--(a CD 23626 40 17 ) ) -RRB- 23626 40 18 CRYSTALLINE CRYSTALLINE NNP 23626 40 19 STRUCTURE STRUCTURE NNP 23626 40 20 13 13 CD 23626 40 21 IV iv NN 23626 40 22 " " '' 23626 40 23 " " '' 23626 40 24 ( ( -LRB- 23626 40 25 B b NN 23626 40 26 ) ) -RRB- 23626 40 27 CLEAVAGE cleavage VB 23626 40 28 19 19 CD 23626 40 29 V v NN 23626 40 30 " " '' 23626 40 31 " " '' 23626 40 32 ( ( -LRB- 23626 40 33 C C NNP 23626 40 34 ) ) -RRB- 23626 40 35 LIGHT LIGHT NNP 23626 40 36 26 26 CD 23626 40 37 VI VI NNP 23626 40 38 " " '' 23626 40 39 " " '' 23626 40 40 ( ( -LRB- 23626 40 41 D d NN 23626 40 42 ) ) -RRB- 23626 40 43 COLOUR colour NN 23626 40 44 32 32 CD 23626 40 45 VII vii NN 23626 40 46 " " '' 23626 40 47 " " `` 23626 40 48 ( ( -LRB- 23626 40 49 E e NN 23626 40 50 ) ) -RRB- 23626 40 51 HARDNESS hardness NN 23626 40 52 39 39 CD 23626 40 53 VIII viii NN 23626 40 54 " " '' 23626 40 55 " " '' 23626 40 56 ( ( -LRB- 23626 40 57 F f NN 23626 40 58 ) ) -RRB- 23626 40 59 SPECIFIC SPECIFIC VBD 23626 40 60 GRAVITY GRAVITY NNP 23626 40 61 45 45 CD 23626 40 62 IX ix NN 23626 40 63 " " '' 23626 40 64 " " '' 23626 40 65 ( ( -LRB- 23626 40 66 G G NNP 23626 40 67 ) ) -RRB- 23626 40 68 HEAT heat NN 23626 40 69 52 52 CD 23626 40 70 X x NN 23626 40 71 " " '' 23626 40 72 " " '' 23626 40 73 ( ( -LRB- 23626 40 74 H h NN 23626 40 75 ) ) -RRB- 23626 40 76 MAGNETIC magnetic NN 23626 40 77 AND and CC 23626 40 78 ELECTRIC ELECTRIC NNP 23626 40 79 INFLUENCES influences JJ 23626 40 80 57 57 CD 23626 40 81 XI xi NN 23626 40 82 THE the DT 23626 40 83 CUTTING cutting NN 23626 40 84 OF of IN 23626 40 85 PRECIOUS PRECIOUS NNP 23626 40 86 STONES STONES NNP 23626 40 87 62 62 CD 23626 40 88 XII xii NN 23626 40 89 IMITATIONS imitations NN 23626 40 90 , , , 23626 40 91 AND and CC 23626 40 92 SOME some NN 23626 40 93 OF of IN 23626 40 94 THE the DT 23626 40 95 TESTS TESTS NNP 23626 40 96 OF of IN 23626 40 97 PRECIOUS PRECIOUS NNP 23626 40 98 STONES STONES NNP 23626 40 99 70 70 CD 23626 40 100 XIII xiii NN 23626 40 101 VARIOUS VARIOUS NNP 23626 40 102 PRECIOUS PRECIOUS NNP 23626 40 103 STONES STONES NNP 23626 40 104 80 80 CD 23626 40 105 XIV xiv NN 23626 40 106 " " '' 23626 40 107 " " '' 23626 40 108 " " '' 23626 40 109 ( ( -LRB- 23626 40 110 _ _ NNP 23626 40 111 continued continue VBD 23626 40 112 _ _ NNP 23626 40 113 ) ) -RRB- 23626 40 114 88 88 CD 23626 40 115 XV XV NNP 23626 40 116 " " '' 23626 40 117 " " '' 23626 40 118 " " '' 23626 40 119 " " '' 23626 40 120 98 98 CD 23626 40 121 PREFACE preface NN 23626 40 122 Some some DT 23626 40 123 little little JJ 23626 40 124 time time NN 23626 40 125 ago ago IN 23626 40 126 certain certain JJ 23626 40 127 London London NNP 23626 40 128 diamond diamond NN 23626 40 129 merchants merchant NNS 23626 40 130 and and CC 23626 40 131 wholesale wholesale JJ 23626 40 132 dealers dealer NNS 23626 40 133 in in IN 23626 40 134 precious precious JJ 23626 40 135 stones stone NNS 23626 40 136 made make VBD 23626 40 137 the the DT 23626 40 138 suggestion suggestion NN 23626 40 139 to to IN 23626 40 140 me -PRON- PRP 23626 40 141 to to TO 23626 40 142 write write VB 23626 40 143 a a DT 23626 40 144 work work NN 23626 40 145 on on IN 23626 40 146 this this DT 23626 40 147 section section NN 23626 40 148 of of IN 23626 40 149 mineralogy mineralogy NN 23626 40 150 , , , 23626 40 151 as as IN 23626 40 152 there there EX 23626 40 153 did do VBD 23626 40 154 not not RB 23626 40 155 appear appear VB 23626 40 156 to to TO 23626 40 157 be be VB 23626 40 158 any any DT 23626 40 159 giving give VBG 23626 40 160 exactly exactly RB 23626 40 161 the the DT 23626 40 162 information information NN 23626 40 163 most most RBS 23626 40 164 needed need VBD 23626 40 165 . . . 23626 41 1 Finding find VBG 23626 41 2 there there EX 23626 41 3 was be VBD 23626 41 4 a a DT 23626 41 5 call call NN 23626 41 6 for for IN 23626 41 7 such such PDT 23626 41 8 a a DT 23626 41 9 book book NN 23626 41 10 I -PRON- PRP 23626 41 11 have have VBP 23626 41 12 written write VBN 23626 41 13 the the DT 23626 41 14 present present JJ 23626 41 15 volume volume NN 23626 41 16 in in IN 23626 41 17 order order NN 23626 41 18 to to TO 23626 41 19 meet meet VB 23626 41 20 this this DT 23626 41 21 want want NN 23626 41 22 , , , 23626 41 23 and and CC 23626 41 24 I -PRON- PRP 23626 41 25 trust trust VBP 23626 41 26 that that IN 23626 41 27 this this DT 23626 41 28 handbook handbook NN 23626 41 29 will will MD 23626 41 30 prove prove VB 23626 41 31 useful useful JJ 23626 41 32 , , , 23626 41 33 not not RB 23626 41 34 only only RB 23626 41 35 to to IN 23626 41 36 the the DT 23626 41 37 expert expert NN 23626 41 38 and and CC 23626 41 39 to to IN 23626 41 40 those those DT 23626 41 41 requiring require VBG 23626 41 42 certain certain JJ 23626 41 43 technical technical JJ 23626 41 44 information information NN 23626 41 45 , , , 23626 41 46 but but CC 23626 41 47 also also RB 23626 41 48 to to IN 23626 41 49 the the DT 23626 41 50 general general JJ 23626 41 51 public public NN 23626 41 52 , , , 23626 41 53 whose whose WP$ 23626 41 54 interest interest NN 23626 41 55 in in IN 23626 41 56 this this DT 23626 41 57 entrancing entrance VBG 23626 41 58 subject subject NN 23626 41 59 may may MD 23626 41 60 be be VB 23626 41 61 simply simply RB 23626 41 62 that that DT 23626 41 63 of of IN 23626 41 64 pleasure pleasure NN 23626 41 65 in in IN 23626 41 66 the the DT 23626 41 67 purchase purchase NN 23626 41 68 , , , 23626 41 69 possession possession NN 23626 41 70 , , , 23626 41 71 or or CC 23626 41 72 collection collection NN 23626 41 73 of of IN 23626 41 74 precious precious JJ 23626 41 75 stones stone NNS 23626 41 76 , , , 23626 41 77 or or CC 23626 41 78 even even RB 23626 41 79 in in IN 23626 41 80 the the DT 23626 41 81 mere mere JJ 23626 41 82 examination examination NN 23626 41 83 of of IN 23626 41 84 them -PRON- PRP 23626 41 85 through through IN 23626 41 86 the the DT 23626 41 87 plate plate NN 23626 41 88 - - HYPH 23626 41 89 glass glass NN 23626 41 90 of of IN 23626 41 91 a a DT 23626 41 92 jeweller jeweller NN 23626 41 93 's 's POS 23626 41 94 window window NN 23626 41 95 . . . 23626 42 1 JOHN JOHN NNP 23626 42 2 MASTIN MASTIN NNP 23626 42 3 . . . 23626 43 1 TOTLEY TOTLEY NNP 23626 43 2 BROOK BROOK NNP 23626 43 3 , , , 23626 43 4 NEAR NEAR NNP 23626 43 5 SHEFFIELD SHEFFIELD NNP 23626 43 6 . . . 23626 44 1 _ _ NNP 23626 44 2 June June NNP 23626 44 3 1911 1911 CD 23626 44 4 . . . 23626 44 5 _ _ NNP 23626 44 6 THE the DT 23626 44 7 CHEMISTRY CHEMISTRY NNP 23626 44 8 , , , 23626 44 9 PROPERTIES property NNS 23626 44 10 AND and CC 23626 44 11 TESTS test NNS 23626 44 12 OF of IN 23626 44 13 PRECIOUS PRECIOUS NNP 23626 44 14 STONES STONES NNP 23626 44 15 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 23626 44 16 I. i. NN 23626 45 1 INTRODUCTORY INTRODUCTORY NNP 23626 45 2 . . . 23626 46 1 What what WP 23626 46 2 constitutes constitute VBZ 23626 46 3 a a DT 23626 46 4 precious precious JJ 23626 46 5 stone stone NN 23626 46 6 is be VBZ 23626 46 7 the the DT 23626 46 8 question question NN 23626 46 9 which which WDT 23626 46 10 , , , 23626 46 11 at at IN 23626 46 12 the the DT 23626 46 13 onset onset NN 23626 46 14 , , , 23626 46 15 rises rise VBZ 23626 46 16 in in IN 23626 46 17 the the DT 23626 46 18 mind mind NN 23626 46 19 , , , 23626 46 20 and and CC 23626 46 21 this this DT 23626 46 22 question question NN 23626 46 23 , , , 23626 46 24 simple simple JJ 23626 46 25 as as IN 23626 46 26 it -PRON- PRP 23626 46 27 seems seem VBZ 23626 46 28 , , , 23626 46 29 is be VBZ 23626 46 30 one one CD 23626 46 31 by by IN 23626 46 32 no no DT 23626 46 33 means means NN 23626 46 34 easy easy JJ 23626 46 35 to to TO 23626 46 36 answer answer VB 23626 46 37 , , , 23626 46 38 since since IN 23626 46 39 what what WP 23626 46 40 may may MD 23626 46 41 be be VB 23626 46 42 considered consider VBN 23626 46 43 precious precious JJ 23626 46 44 at at IN 23626 46 45 one one CD 23626 46 46 time time NN 23626 46 47 , , , 23626 46 48 may may MD 23626 46 49 cease cease VB 23626 46 50 to to TO 23626 46 51 be be VB 23626 46 52 so so RB 23626 46 53 at at IN 23626 46 54 another another DT 23626 46 55 . . . 23626 47 1 There there EX 23626 47 2 are be VBP 23626 47 3 , , , 23626 47 4 however however RB 23626 47 5 , , , 23626 47 6 certain certain JJ 23626 47 7 minerals mineral NNS 23626 47 8 which which WDT 23626 47 9 possess possess VBP 23626 47 10 distinctive distinctive JJ 23626 47 11 features feature NNS 23626 47 12 in in IN 23626 47 13 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 47 14 qualities quality NNS 23626 47 15 of of IN 23626 47 16 hardness hardness NN 23626 47 17 , , , 23626 47 18 colour colour NN 23626 47 19 , , , 23626 47 20 transparency transparency NN 23626 47 21 , , , 23626 47 22 refractability refractability NN 23626 47 23 or or CC 23626 47 24 double double JJ 23626 47 25 refractability refractability NN 23626 47 26 to to IN 23626 47 27 light light NN 23626 47 28 - - HYPH 23626 47 29 beams beam NNS 23626 47 30 , , , 23626 47 31 which which WDT 23626 47 32 qualities qualitie VBZ 23626 47 33 place place VBP 23626 47 34 them -PRON- PRP 23626 47 35 in in IN 23626 47 36 an an DT 23626 47 37 entirely entirely RB 23626 47 38 different different JJ 23626 47 39 class class NN 23626 47 40 to to IN 23626 47 41 the the DT 23626 47 42 minerals mineral NNS 23626 47 43 of of IN 23626 47 44 a a DT 23626 47 45 metallic metallic JJ 23626 47 46 nature nature NN 23626 47 47 . . . 23626 48 1 These these DT 23626 48 2 particular particular JJ 23626 48 3 and and CC 23626 48 4 non non JJ 23626 48 5 - - JJ 23626 48 6 metallic metallic JJ 23626 48 7 minerals mineral NNS 23626 48 8 , , , 23626 48 9 therefore therefore RB 23626 48 10 , , , 23626 48 11 because because IN 23626 48 12 of of IN 23626 48 13 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 48 14 comparative comparative JJ 23626 48 15 rarity rarity NN 23626 48 16 , , , 23626 48 17 rise rise VBP 23626 48 18 pre pre VB 23626 48 19 - - JJ 23626 48 20 eminently eminently RB 23626 48 21 above above IN 23626 48 22 other other JJ 23626 48 23 minerals mineral NNS 23626 48 24 , , , 23626 48 25 and and CC 23626 48 26 become become VB 23626 48 27 actually actually RB 23626 48 28 " " `` 23626 48 29 precious precious JJ 23626 48 30 . . . 23626 48 31 " " '' 23626 49 1 This this DT 23626 49 2 is be VBZ 23626 49 3 , , , 23626 49 4 at at IN 23626 49 5 the the DT 23626 49 6 same same JJ 23626 49 7 time time NN 23626 49 8 , , , 23626 49 9 but but CC 23626 49 10 a a DT 23626 49 11 comparative comparative JJ 23626 49 12 term term NN 23626 49 13 , , , 23626 49 14 for for IN 23626 49 15 it -PRON- PRP 23626 49 16 will will MD 23626 49 17 readily readily RB 23626 49 18 be be VB 23626 49 19 understood understand VBN 23626 49 20 that that IN 23626 49 21 in in IN 23626 49 22 the the DT 23626 49 23 case case NN 23626 49 24 of of IN 23626 49 25 a a DT 23626 49 26 sudden sudden JJ 23626 49 27 flooding flooding NN 23626 49 28 of of IN 23626 49 29 the the DT 23626 49 30 market market NN 23626 49 31 with with IN 23626 49 32 one one CD 23626 49 33 class class NN 23626 49 34 of of IN 23626 49 35 stone stone NN 23626 49 36 , , , 23626 49 37 even even RB 23626 49 38 if if IN 23626 49 39 it -PRON- PRP 23626 49 40 should should MD 23626 49 41 be be VB 23626 49 42 one one CD 23626 49 43 hitherto hitherto JJ 23626 49 44 rare rare JJ 23626 49 45 and and CC 23626 49 46 precious precious JJ 23626 49 47 , , , 23626 49 48 there there EX 23626 49 49 would would MD 23626 49 50 be be VB 23626 49 51 an an DT 23626 49 52 equally equally RB 23626 49 53 sudden sudden JJ 23626 49 54 drop drop NN 23626 49 55 in in IN 23626 49 56 the the DT 23626 49 57 intrinsic intrinsic JJ 23626 49 58 value value NN 23626 49 59 of of IN 23626 49 60 the the DT 23626 49 61 jewel jewel NN 23626 49 62 to to IN 23626 49 63 such such PDT 23626 49 64 an an DT 23626 49 65 extent extent NN 23626 49 66 as as IN 23626 49 67 perhaps perhaps RB 23626 49 68 to to TO 23626 49 69 wipe wipe VB 23626 49 70 it -PRON- PRP 23626 49 71 out out IN 23626 49 72 of of IN 23626 49 73 the the DT 23626 49 74 category category NN 23626 49 75 of of IN 23626 49 76 precious precious JJ 23626 49 77 stones stone NNS 23626 49 78 . . . 23626 50 1 For for IN 23626 50 2 instance instance NN 23626 50 3 , , , 23626 50 4 rubies ruby NNS 23626 50 5 were be VBD 23626 50 6 discovered discover VBN 23626 50 7 long long RB 23626 50 8 before before IN 23626 50 9 diamonds diamond NNS 23626 50 10 ; ; : 23626 50 11 then then RB 23626 50 12 when when WRB 23626 50 13 diamonds diamond NNS 23626 50 14 were be VBD 23626 50 15 found find VBN 23626 50 16 these these DT 23626 50 17 were be VBD 23626 50 18 considered consider VBN 23626 50 19 much much RB 23626 50 20 more more RBR 23626 50 21 valuable valuable JJ 23626 50 22 till till IN 23626 50 23 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 50 24 abundance abundance NN 23626 50 25 made make VBD 23626 50 26 them -PRON- PRP 23626 50 27 common common JJ 23626 50 28 , , , 23626 50 29 and and CC 23626 50 30 they -PRON- PRP 23626 50 31 became become VBD 23626 50 32 of of IN 23626 50 33 little little JJ 23626 50 34 account account NN 23626 50 35 . . . 23626 51 1 Rubies ruby NNS 23626 51 2 again again RB 23626 51 3 asserted assert VBD 23626 51 4 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 51 5 position position NN 23626 51 6 as as IN 23626 51 7 chief chief NN 23626 51 8 of of IN 23626 51 9 all all DT 23626 51 10 precious precious JJ 23626 51 11 stones stone NNS 23626 51 12 in in IN 23626 51 13 value value NN 23626 51 14 , , , 23626 51 15 and and CC 23626 51 16 in in IN 23626 51 17 many many JJ 23626 51 18 biblical biblical JJ 23626 51 19 references reference NNS 23626 51 20 rubies ruby NNS 23626 51 21 are be VBP 23626 51 22 quoted quote VBN 23626 51 23 as as IN 23626 51 24 being be VBG 23626 51 25 the the DT 23626 51 26 symbol symbol NN 23626 51 27 of of IN 23626 51 28 the the DT 23626 51 29 very very RB 23626 51 30 acme acme NN 23626 51 31 of of IN 23626 51 32 wealth wealth NN 23626 51 33 , , , 23626 51 34 such such JJ 23626 51 35 as as IN 23626 51 36 in in IN 23626 51 37 Proverbs Proverbs NNP 23626 51 38 , , , 23626 51 39 chapter chapter NN 23626 51 40 iii iii NNP 23626 51 41 . . NNP 23626 51 42 , , , 23626 51 43 verses verses IN 23626 51 44 13 13 CD 23626 51 45 and and CC 23626 51 46 15 15 CD 23626 51 47 , , , 23626 51 48 where where WRB 23626 51 49 there there EX 23626 51 50 are be VBP 23626 51 51 the the DT 23626 51 52 passages passage NNS 23626 51 53 , , , 23626 51 54 " " '' 23626 51 55 happy happy JJ 23626 51 56 is be VBZ 23626 51 57 the the DT 23626 51 58 man man NN 23626 51 59 that that WDT 23626 51 60 findeth findeth NNP 23626 51 61 wisdom wisdom NN 23626 51 62 ... ... : 23626 51 63 she -PRON- PRP 23626 51 64 is be VBZ 23626 51 65 more more RBR 23626 51 66 precious precious JJ 23626 51 67 than than IN 23626 51 68 rubies"--and rubies"--and NNP 23626 51 69 this this DT 23626 51 70 , , , 23626 51 71 notwithstanding notwithstanding IN 23626 51 72 the the DT 23626 51 73 enormous enormous JJ 23626 51 74 quantity quantity NN 23626 51 75 of of IN 23626 51 76 them -PRON- PRP 23626 51 77 at at IN 23626 51 78 that that DT 23626 51 79 time time NN 23626 51 80 obtained obtain VBN 23626 51 81 from from IN 23626 51 82 the the DT 23626 51 83 ruby ruby NNP 23626 51 84 mines mine NNS 23626 51 85 of of IN 23626 51 86 Ophir Ophir NNP 23626 51 87 and and CC 23626 51 88 Nubia Nubia NNP 23626 51 89 , , , 23626 51 90 which which WDT 23626 51 91 were be VBD 23626 51 92 then then RB 23626 51 93 the the DT 23626 51 94 chief chief JJ 23626 51 95 sources source NNS 23626 51 96 of of IN 23626 51 97 wealth wealth NN 23626 51 98 . . . 23626 52 1 It -PRON- PRP 23626 52 2 will will MD 23626 52 3 also also RB 23626 52 4 be be VB 23626 52 5 remembered remember VBN 23626 52 6 that that IN 23626 52 7 Josephus Josephus NNP 23626 52 8 relates relate VBZ 23626 52 9 how how WRB 23626 52 10 , , , 23626 52 11 at at IN 23626 52 12 the the DT 23626 52 13 fall fall NN 23626 52 14 of of IN 23626 52 15 Jerusalem Jerusalem NNP 23626 52 16 , , , 23626 52 17 the the DT 23626 52 18 spoil spoil NN 23626 52 19 of of IN 23626 52 20 gold gold NN 23626 52 21 was be VBD 23626 52 22 so so RB 23626 52 23 great great JJ 23626 52 24 that that IN 23626 52 25 Syria Syria NNP 23626 52 26 was be VBD 23626 52 27 inundated inundate VBN 23626 52 28 with with IN 23626 52 29 it -PRON- PRP 23626 52 30 , , , 23626 52 31 and and CC 23626 52 32 the the DT 23626 52 33 value value NN 23626 52 34 of of IN 23626 52 35 gold gold NN 23626 52 36 there there RB 23626 52 37 quickly quickly RB 23626 52 38 dropped drop VBD 23626 52 39 to to IN 23626 52 40 one one CD 23626 52 41 - - HYPH 23626 52 42 half half NN 23626 52 43 ; ; : 23626 52 44 other other JJ 23626 52 45 historians historian NNS 23626 52 46 , , , 23626 52 47 also also RB 23626 52 48 , , , 23626 52 49 speaking speak VBG 23626 52 50 of of IN 23626 52 51 this this DT 23626 52 52 time time NN 23626 52 53 , , , 23626 52 54 record record NN 23626 52 55 such such PDT 23626 52 56 a a DT 23626 52 57 glut glut NN 23626 52 58 of of IN 23626 52 59 gold gold NN 23626 52 60 , , , 23626 52 61 silver silver NN 23626 52 62 , , , 23626 52 63 and and CC 23626 52 64 jewels jewel NNS 23626 52 65 in in IN 23626 52 66 Syria Syria NNP 23626 52 67 , , , 23626 52 68 as as IN 23626 52 69 made make VBD 23626 52 70 them -PRON- PRP 23626 52 71 of of IN 23626 52 72 little little JJ 23626 52 73 value value NN 23626 52 74 , , , 23626 52 75 which which WDT 23626 52 76 state state NN 23626 52 77 continued continue VBD 23626 52 78 for for IN 23626 52 79 some some DT 23626 52 80 considerable considerable JJ 23626 52 81 period period NN 23626 52 82 , , , 23626 52 83 till till IN 23626 52 84 the the DT 23626 52 85 untold untold JJ 23626 52 86 wealth wealth NN 23626 52 87 became become VBD 23626 52 88 ruthlessly ruthlessly RB 23626 52 89 and and CC 23626 52 90 wastefully wastefully RB 23626 52 91 scattered scatter VBN 23626 52 92 , , , 23626 52 93 when when WRB 23626 52 94 the the DT 23626 52 95 normal normal JJ 23626 52 96 values value NNS 23626 52 97 slowly slowly RB 23626 52 98 reasserted reassert VBD 23626 52 99 themselves -PRON- PRP 23626 52 100 . . . 23626 53 1 Amongst amongst IN 23626 53 2 so so RB 23626 53 3 many many JJ 23626 53 4 varieties variety NNS 23626 53 5 of of IN 23626 53 6 these these DT 23626 53 7 precious precious JJ 23626 53 8 minerals mineral NNS 23626 53 9 , , , 23626 53 10 it -PRON- PRP 23626 53 11 can can MD 23626 53 12 not not RB 23626 53 13 be be VB 23626 53 14 otherwise otherwise RB 23626 53 15 than than IN 23626 53 16 that that IN 23626 53 17 there there EX 23626 53 18 should should MD 23626 53 19 be be VB 23626 53 20 important important JJ 23626 53 21 differences difference NNS 23626 53 22 in in IN 23626 53 23 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 53 24 various various JJ 23626 53 25 characteristics characteristic NNS 23626 53 26 , , , 23626 53 27 though though IN 23626 53 28 for for IN 23626 53 29 a a DT 23626 53 30 stone stone NN 23626 53 31 to to TO 23626 53 32 have have VB 23626 53 33 the the DT 23626 53 34 slightest slight JJS 23626 53 35 claim claim NN 23626 53 36 to to TO 23626 53 37 be be VB 23626 53 38 classed class VBN 23626 53 39 as as IN 23626 53 40 " " `` 23626 53 41 precious precious JJ 23626 53 42 " " '' 23626 53 43 it -PRON- PRP 23626 53 44 must must MD 23626 53 45 conform conform VB 23626 53 46 to to IN 23626 53 47 several several JJ 23626 53 48 at at IN 23626 53 49 least least JJS 23626 53 50 of of IN 23626 53 51 the the DT 23626 53 52 following follow VBG 23626 53 53 requirements:--It requirements:--It : 23626 53 54 must must MD 23626 53 55 withstand withstand VB 23626 53 56 the the DT 23626 53 57 action action NN 23626 53 58 of of IN 23626 53 59 light light NN 23626 53 60 without without IN 23626 53 61 deterioration deterioration NN 23626 53 62 of of IN 23626 53 63 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 53 64 beauty beauty NN 23626 53 65 , , , 23626 53 66 lustre lustre NNP 23626 53 67 , , , 23626 53 68 or or CC 23626 53 69 substance substance NN 23626 53 70 , , , 23626 53 71 and and CC 23626 53 72 it -PRON- PRP 23626 53 73 must must MD 23626 53 74 be be VB 23626 53 75 of of IN 23626 53 76 sufficient sufficient JJ 23626 53 77 hardness hardness NN 23626 53 78 to to TO 23626 53 79 retain retain VB 23626 53 80 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 53 81 form form NN 23626 53 82 , , , 23626 53 83 purity purity NN 23626 53 84 and and CC 23626 53 85 lustre lustre NN 23626 53 86 under under IN 23626 53 87 the the DT 23626 53 88 actions action NNS 23626 53 89 of of IN 23626 53 90 warmth warmth NN 23626 53 91 , , , 23626 53 92 reasonable reasonable JJ 23626 53 93 wear wear NN 23626 53 94 , , , 23626 53 95 and and CC 23626 53 96 the the DT 23626 53 97 dust dust NN 23626 53 98 which which WDT 23626 53 99 falls fall VBZ 23626 53 100 upon upon IN 23626 53 101 it -PRON- PRP 23626 53 102 during during IN 23626 53 103 use use NN 23626 53 104 ; ; : 23626 53 105 it -PRON- PRP 23626 53 106 must must MD 23626 53 107 not not RB 23626 53 108 be be VB 23626 53 109 subject subject JJ 23626 53 110 to to IN 23626 53 111 chemical chemical NN 23626 53 112 change change NN 23626 53 113 , , , 23626 53 114 decomposition decomposition NN 23626 53 115 , , , 23626 53 116 disintegration disintegration NN 23626 53 117 , , , 23626 53 118 or or CC 23626 53 119 other other JJ 23626 53 120 alteration alteration NN 23626 53 121 of of IN 23626 53 122 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 53 123 substance substance NN 23626 53 124 under under IN 23626 53 125 exposure exposure NN 23626 53 126 to to IN 23626 53 127 atmospheric atmospheric JJ 23626 53 128 air air NN 23626 53 129 ; ; : 23626 53 130 otherwise otherwise RB 23626 53 131 it -PRON- PRP 23626 53 132 is be VBZ 23626 53 133 useless useless JJ 23626 53 134 for for IN 23626 53 135 all all DT 23626 53 136 practical practical JJ 23626 53 137 purposes purpose NNS 23626 53 138 of of IN 23626 53 139 adornment adornment NN 23626 53 140 or or CC 23626 53 141 ornamentation ornamentation NN 23626 53 142 . . . 23626 54 1 There there EX 23626 54 2 are be VBP 23626 54 3 certain certain JJ 23626 54 4 other other JJ 23626 54 5 characteristics characteristic NNS 23626 54 6 of of IN 23626 54 7 these these DT 23626 54 8 curious curious JJ 23626 54 9 minerals mineral NNS 23626 54 10 which which WDT 23626 54 11 may may MD 23626 54 12 be be VB 23626 54 13 classified classify VBN 23626 54 14 briefly briefly RB 23626 54 15 , , , 23626 54 16 thus:--Some thus:--Some NNP 23626 54 17 stones stone NNS 23626 54 18 owe owe VBP 23626 54 19 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 54 20 beauty beauty NN 23626 54 21 to to IN 23626 54 22 a a DT 23626 54 23 wonderful wonderful JJ 23626 54 24 play play NN 23626 54 25 of of IN 23626 54 26 colour colour NN 23626 54 27 or or CC 23626 54 28 fire fire NN 23626 54 29 , , , 23626 54 30 due due IN 23626 54 31 to to IN 23626 54 32 the the DT 23626 54 33 action action NN 23626 54 34 of of IN 23626 54 35 light light NN 23626 54 36 , , , 23626 54 37 quite quite RB 23626 54 38 apart apart RB 23626 54 39 from from IN 23626 54 40 the the DT 23626 54 41 colour colour NN 23626 54 42 of of IN 23626 54 43 the the DT 23626 54 44 stone stone NN 23626 54 45 itself -PRON- PRP 23626 54 46 , , , 23626 54 47 and and CC 23626 54 48 of of IN 23626 54 49 this this DT 23626 54 50 series series NN 23626 54 51 the the DT 23626 54 52 opal opal NN 23626 54 53 may may MD 23626 54 54 be be VB 23626 54 55 taken take VBN 23626 54 56 as as IN 23626 54 57 a a DT 23626 54 58 type type NN 23626 54 59 . . . 23626 55 1 In in IN 23626 55 2 others other NNS 23626 55 3 , , , 23626 55 4 this this DT 23626 55 5 splendid splendid JJ 23626 55 6 play play NN 23626 55 7 of of IN 23626 55 8 colour colour NN 23626 55 9 is be VBZ 23626 55 10 altogether altogether RB 23626 55 11 absent absent JJ 23626 55 12 , , , 23626 55 13 the the DT 23626 55 14 colour colour NN 23626 55 15 being be VBG 23626 55 16 associated associate VBN 23626 55 17 with with IN 23626 55 18 the the DT 23626 55 19 stone stone NN 23626 55 20 itself -PRON- PRP 23626 55 21 , , , 23626 55 22 in in IN 23626 55 23 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 55 24 substance substance NN 23626 55 25 , , , 23626 55 26 the the DT 23626 55 27 charm charm NN 23626 55 28 lying lie VBG 23626 55 29 entirely entirely RB 23626 55 30 in in IN 23626 55 31 the the DT 23626 55 32 superb superb JJ 23626 55 33 transparency transparency NN 23626 55 34 , , , 23626 55 35 the the DT 23626 55 36 ruby ruby NN 23626 55 37 being be VBG 23626 55 38 taken take VBN 23626 55 39 as as IN 23626 55 40 an an DT 23626 55 41 example example NN 23626 55 42 of of IN 23626 55 43 this this DT 23626 55 44 class class NN 23626 55 45 of of IN 23626 55 46 stone stone NN 23626 55 47 . . . 23626 56 1 Others other NNS 23626 56 2 , , , 23626 56 3 again again RB 23626 56 4 , , , 23626 56 5 have have VBP 23626 56 6 not not RB 23626 56 7 only only RB 23626 56 8 colour colour NN 23626 56 9 , , , 23626 56 10 but but CC 23626 56 11 transparency transparency NN 23626 56 12 and and CC 23626 56 13 lustre lustre NNP 23626 56 14 , , , 23626 56 15 as as IN 23626 56 16 in in IN 23626 56 17 the the DT 23626 56 18 coloured coloured JJ 23626 56 19 diamonds diamond NNS 23626 56 20 , , , 23626 56 21 whilst whilst IN 23626 56 22 the the DT 23626 56 23 commoner commoner NN 23626 56 24 well well RB 23626 56 25 - - HYPH 23626 56 26 known know VBN 23626 56 27 diamonds diamond NNS 23626 56 28 are be VBP 23626 56 29 extremely extremely RB 23626 56 30 rich rich JJ 23626 56 31 in in IN 23626 56 32 transparency transparency NN 23626 56 33 and and CC 23626 56 34 lustre lustre NNP 23626 56 35 , , , 23626 56 36 the the DT 23626 56 37 play play NN 23626 56 38 of of IN 23626 56 39 light light NN 23626 56 40 alone alone RB 23626 56 41 showing show VBG 23626 56 42 a a DT 23626 56 43 considerable considerable JJ 23626 56 44 amount amount NN 23626 56 45 of of IN 23626 56 46 brilliancy brilliancy NN 23626 56 47 and and CC 23626 56 48 beauty beauty NN 23626 56 49 of of IN 23626 56 50 colour colour NN 23626 56 51 , , , 23626 56 52 though though IN 23626 56 53 the the DT 23626 56 54 stone stone NN 23626 56 55 itself -PRON- PRP 23626 56 56 is be VBZ 23626 56 57 clear clear JJ 23626 56 58 . . . 23626 57 1 Still still RB 23626 57 2 others other NNS 23626 57 3 are be VBP 23626 57 4 opaque opaque JJ 23626 57 5 , , , 23626 57 6 or or CC 23626 57 7 semi semi JJ 23626 57 8 - - JJ 23626 57 9 opaque opaque JJ 23626 57 10 , , , 23626 57 11 or or CC 23626 57 12 practically practically RB 23626 57 13 free free JJ 23626 57 14 from from IN 23626 57 15 play play NN 23626 57 16 of of IN 23626 57 17 light light NN 23626 57 18 and and CC 23626 57 19 from from IN 23626 57 20 lustre lustre NNP 23626 57 21 , , , 23626 57 22 owing owe VBG 23626 57 23 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 57 24 value value NN 23626 57 25 and and CC 23626 57 26 beauty beauty NN 23626 57 27 entirely entirely RB 23626 57 28 to to IN 23626 57 29 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 57 30 richness richness NN 23626 57 31 of of IN 23626 57 32 colour colour NN 23626 57 33 . . . 23626 58 1 In in IN 23626 58 2 all all DT 23626 58 3 cases case NNS 23626 58 4 the the DT 23626 58 5 value value NN 23626 58 6 of of IN 23626 58 7 the the DT 23626 58 8 stone stone NN 23626 58 9 can can MD 23626 58 10 not not RB 23626 58 11 be be VB 23626 58 12 appreciated appreciate VBN 23626 58 13 fully fully RB 23626 58 14 till till IN 23626 58 15 the the DT 23626 58 16 gem gem NN 23626 58 17 is be VBZ 23626 58 18 separated separate VBN 23626 58 19 from from IN 23626 58 20 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 58 21 matrix matrix NN 23626 58 22 and and CC 23626 58 23 polished polish VBD 23626 58 24 , , , 23626 58 25 and and CC 23626 58 26 in in IN 23626 58 27 some some DT 23626 58 28 cases case NNS 23626 58 29 , , , 23626 58 30 such such JJ 23626 58 31 as as IN 23626 58 32 in in IN 23626 58 33 that that DT 23626 58 34 of of IN 23626 58 35 the the DT 23626 58 36 diamond diamond NN 23626 58 37 , , , 23626 58 38 cut cut VBN 23626 58 39 in in IN 23626 58 40 variously variously RB 23626 58 41 shaped shape VBN 23626 58 42 facets facet NNS 23626 58 43 , , , 23626 58 44 on on RB 23626 58 45 and and CC 23626 58 46 amongst amongst IN 23626 58 47 which which WDT 23626 58 48 the the DT 23626 58 49 light light NN 23626 58 50 rays ray NNS 23626 58 51 have have VBP 23626 58 52 power power NN 23626 58 53 to to TO 23626 58 54 play play VB 23626 58 55 ; ; : 23626 58 56 other other JJ 23626 58 57 stones stone NNS 23626 58 58 , , , 23626 58 59 such such JJ 23626 58 60 as as IN 23626 58 61 the the DT 23626 58 62 opal opal NN 23626 58 63 , , , 23626 58 64 turquoise turquoise NNP 23626 58 65 and and CC 23626 58 66 the the DT 23626 58 67 like like JJ 23626 58 68 , , , 23626 58 69 are be VBP 23626 58 70 cut cut VBN 23626 58 71 or or CC 23626 58 72 ground ground NN 23626 58 73 in in IN 23626 58 74 flat flat JJ 23626 58 75 , , , 23626 58 76 dome dome NN 23626 58 77 - - HYPH 23626 58 78 shaped shape VBN 23626 58 79 , , , 23626 58 80 or or CC 23626 58 81 other other JJ 23626 58 82 form form NN 23626 58 83 , , , 23626 58 84 and and CC 23626 58 85 then then RB 23626 58 86 merely merely RB 23626 58 87 polished polish VBD 23626 58 88 . . . 23626 59 1 It -PRON- PRP 23626 59 2 frequently frequently RB 23626 59 3 happens happen VBZ 23626 59 4 that that IN 23626 59 5 only only RB 23626 59 6 a a DT 23626 59 7 small small JJ 23626 59 8 portion portion NN 23626 59 9 of of IN 23626 59 10 even even RB 23626 59 11 a a DT 23626 59 12 large large JJ 23626 59 13 stone stone NN 23626 59 14 is be VBZ 23626 59 15 of of IN 23626 59 16 supreme supreme NNP 23626 59 17 value value NN 23626 59 18 or or CC 23626 59 19 purity purity NN 23626 59 20 , , , 23626 59 21 the the DT 23626 59 22 cutter cutter NN 23626 59 23 often often RB 23626 59 24 retaining retain VBG 23626 59 25 as as IN 23626 59 26 his -PRON- PRP$ 23626 59 27 perquisite perquisite NN 23626 59 28 the the DT 23626 59 29 smaller small JJR 23626 59 30 pieces piece NNS 23626 59 31 and and CC 23626 59 32 waste waste NN 23626 59 33 . . . 23626 60 1 These these DT 23626 60 2 , , , 23626 60 3 if if IN 23626 60 4 too too RB 23626 60 5 small small JJ 23626 60 6 for for IN 23626 60 7 setting setting NN 23626 60 8 , , , 23626 60 9 are be VBP 23626 60 10 ground grind VBN 23626 60 11 into into IN 23626 60 12 powder powder NN 23626 60 13 and and CC 23626 60 14 used use VBD 23626 60 15 to to TO 23626 60 16 cut cut VB 23626 60 17 and and CC 23626 60 18 polish polish VB 23626 60 19 other other JJ 23626 60 20 stones stone NNS 23626 60 21 . . . 23626 61 1 Broadly broadly RB 23626 61 2 speaking speak VBG 23626 61 3 , , , 23626 61 4 the the DT 23626 61 5 greatest great JJS 23626 61 6 claim claim NN 23626 61 7 which which WDT 23626 61 8 a a DT 23626 61 9 stone stone NN 23626 61 10 can can MD 23626 61 11 possess possess VB 23626 61 12 in in IN 23626 61 13 order order NN 23626 61 14 to to TO 23626 61 15 be be VB 23626 61 16 classed class VBN 23626 61 17 as as IN 23626 61 18 precious precious JJ 23626 61 19 is be VBZ 23626 61 20 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 61 21 rarity rarity NN 23626 61 22 . . . 23626 62 1 To to IN 23626 62 2 this this DT 23626 62 3 may may MD 23626 62 4 be be VB 23626 62 5 added add VBN 23626 62 6 public public JJ 23626 62 7 opinion opinion NN 23626 62 8 , , , 23626 62 9 which which WDT 23626 62 10 is be VBZ 23626 62 11 led lead VBN 23626 62 12 for for IN 23626 62 13 better well JJR 23626 62 14 or or CC 23626 62 15 worse bad JJR 23626 62 16 by by IN 23626 62 17 the the DT 23626 62 18 fashion fashion NN 23626 62 19 of of IN 23626 62 20 the the DT 23626 62 21 moment moment NN 23626 62 22 . . . 23626 63 1 For for IN 23626 63 2 if if IN 23626 63 3 the the DT 23626 63 4 comparatively comparatively RB 23626 63 5 common common JJ 23626 63 6 amethyst amethyst NN 23626 63 7 should should MD 23626 63 8 chance chance VB 23626 63 9 to to TO 23626 63 10 be be VB 23626 63 11 made make VBN 23626 63 12 extraordinarily extraordinarily RB 23626 63 13 conspicuous conspicuous JJ 23626 63 14 by by IN 23626 63 15 some some DT 23626 63 16 society society NN 23626 63 17 leader leader NN 23626 63 18 , , , 23626 63 19 it -PRON- PRP 23626 63 20 would would MD 23626 63 21 at at IN 23626 63 22 once once RB 23626 63 23 step step VB 23626 63 24 from from IN 23626 63 25 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 63 26 humbler humble JJR 23626 63 27 position position NN 23626 63 28 as as IN 23626 63 29 semi semi JJ 23626 63 30 - - JJ 23626 63 31 precious precious JJ 23626 63 32 , , , 23626 63 33 and and CC 23626 63 34 rise rise VB 23626 63 35 to to IN 23626 63 36 the the DT 23626 63 37 nobler noble JJR 23626 63 38 classification classification NN 23626 63 39 of of IN 23626 63 40 a a DT 23626 63 41 truly truly RB 23626 63 42 precious precious JJ 23626 63 43 stone stone NN 23626 63 44 , , , 23626 63 45 by by IN 23626 63 46 reason reason NN 23626 63 47 of of IN 23626 63 48 the the DT 23626 63 49 demand demand NN 23626 63 50 created create VBN 23626 63 51 for for IN 23626 63 52 it -PRON- PRP 23626 63 53 , , , 23626 63 54 which which WDT 23626 63 55 would would MD 23626 63 56 , , , 23626 63 57 in in IN 23626 63 58 all all DT 23626 63 59 probability probability NN 23626 63 60 , , , 23626 63 61 absorb absorb VB 23626 63 62 the the DT 23626 63 63 available available JJ 23626 63 64 stock stock NN 23626 63 65 to to IN 23626 63 66 rarity rarity NN 23626 63 67 ; ; : 23626 63 68 and and CC 23626 63 69 this this DT 23626 63 70 despite despite IN 23626 63 71 the the DT 23626 63 72 more more RBR 23626 63 73 entrancing entrancing NN 23626 63 74 beauty beauty NN 23626 63 75 of of IN 23626 63 76 the the DT 23626 63 77 now now RB 23626 63 78 rarer rare JJR 23626 63 79 stones stone NNS 23626 63 80 . . . 23626 64 1 The the DT 23626 64 2 study study NN 23626 64 3 of of IN 23626 64 4 this this DT 23626 64 5 section section NN 23626 64 6 of of IN 23626 64 7 mineralogy mineralogy NN 23626 64 8 is be VBZ 23626 64 9 one one CD 23626 64 10 of of IN 23626 64 11 intense intense JJ 23626 64 12 interest interest NN 23626 64 13 , , , 23626 64 14 and and CC 23626 64 15 by by IN 23626 64 16 understanding understand VBG 23626 64 17 the the DT 23626 64 18 nature nature NN 23626 64 19 , , , 23626 64 20 environment environment NN 23626 64 21 , , , 23626 64 22 chemical chemical NN 23626 64 23 composition composition NN 23626 64 24 and and CC 23626 64 25 the the DT 23626 64 26 properties property NNS 23626 64 27 of of IN 23626 64 28 the the DT 23626 64 29 stones stone NNS 23626 64 30 , , , 23626 64 31 possibility possibility NN 23626 64 32 of of IN 23626 64 33 fraud fraud NN 23626 64 34 is be VBZ 23626 64 35 altogether altogether RB 23626 64 36 precluded preclude VBN 23626 64 37 , , , 23626 64 38 and and CC 23626 64 39 there there EX 23626 64 40 is be VBZ 23626 64 41 induced induce VBN 23626 64 42 in in IN 23626 64 43 the the DT 23626 64 44 mind mind NN 23626 64 45 -- -- : 23626 64 46 even even RB 23626 64 47 of of IN 23626 64 48 those those DT 23626 64 49 with with IN 23626 64 50 whom whom WP 23626 64 51 the the DT 23626 64 52 study study NN 23626 64 53 of of IN 23626 64 54 precious precious JJ 23626 64 55 stones stone NNS 23626 64 56 has have VBZ 23626 64 57 no no DT 23626 64 58 part part NN 23626 64 59 commercially commercially RB 23626 64 60 -- -- : 23626 64 61 an an DT 23626 64 62 intelligent intelligent JJ 23626 64 63 interest interest NN 23626 64 64 in in IN 23626 64 65 the the DT 23626 64 66 sight sight NN 23626 64 67 or or CC 23626 64 68 association association NN 23626 64 69 of of IN 23626 64 70 what what WP 23626 64 71 might may MD 23626 64 72 otherwise otherwise RB 23626 64 73 excite excite VB 23626 64 74 no no DT 23626 64 75 more more JJR 23626 64 76 than than IN 23626 64 77 a a DT 23626 64 78 mere mere JJ 23626 64 79 glance glance NN 23626 64 80 of of IN 23626 64 81 admiration admiration NN 23626 64 82 or or CC 23626 64 83 curiosity curiosity NN 23626 64 84 . . . 23626 65 1 There there EX 23626 65 2 is be VBZ 23626 65 3 scarcely scarcely RB 23626 65 4 any any DT 23626 65 5 form form NN 23626 65 6 of of IN 23626 65 7 matter matter NN 23626 65 8 , , , 23626 65 9 be be VB 23626 65 10 it -PRON- PRP 23626 65 11 liquid liquid JJ 23626 65 12 , , , 23626 65 13 solid solid JJ 23626 65 14 , , , 23626 65 15 or or CC 23626 65 16 gaseous gaseous JJ 23626 65 17 , , , 23626 65 18 but but CC 23626 65 19 has have VBZ 23626 65 20 yielded yield VBN 23626 65 21 or or CC 23626 65 22 is be VBZ 23626 65 23 now now RB 23626 65 24 yielding yield VBG 23626 65 25 up up RP 23626 65 26 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 65 27 secrets secret NNS 23626 65 28 with with IN 23626 65 29 more more JJR 23626 65 30 or or CC 23626 65 31 less less JJR 23626 65 32 freedom freedom NN 23626 65 33 to to IN 23626 65 34 the the DT 23626 65 35 scientist scientist NN 23626 65 36 . . . 23626 66 1 By by IN 23626 66 2 his -PRON- PRP$ 23626 66 3 method method NN 23626 66 4 of of IN 23626 66 5 synthesis synthesis NN 23626 66 6 ( ( -LRB- 23626 66 7 which which WDT 23626 66 8 is be VBZ 23626 66 9 the the DT 23626 66 10 scientific scientific JJ 23626 66 11 name name NN 23626 66 12 for for IN 23626 66 13 putting put VBG 23626 66 14 substances substance NNS 23626 66 15 together together RB 23626 66 16 in in IN 23626 66 17 order order NN 23626 66 18 to to TO 23626 66 19 form form VB 23626 66 20 new new JJ 23626 66 21 compounds compound NNS 23626 66 22 out out IN 23626 66 23 of of IN 23626 66 24 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 66 25 union union NN 23626 66 26 ) ) -RRB- 23626 66 27 or or CC 23626 66 28 of of IN 23626 66 29 analysis analysis NN 23626 66 30 ( ( -LRB- 23626 66 31 the the DT 23626 66 32 decomposing decomposing NN 23626 66 33 of of IN 23626 66 34 bodies body NNS 23626 66 35 so so IN 23626 66 36 as as IN 23626 66 37 to to TO 23626 66 38 divide divide VB 23626 66 39 or or CC 23626 66 40 separate separate VB 23626 66 41 them -PRON- PRP 23626 66 42 into into IN 23626 66 43 substances substance NNS 23626 66 44 of of IN 23626 66 45 less less JJR 23626 66 46 complexity complexity NN 23626 66 47 ) ) -RRB- 23626 66 48 , , , 23626 66 49 particularly particularly RB 23626 66 50 the the DT 23626 66 51 latter latter JJ 23626 66 52 , , , 23626 66 53 he -PRON- PRP 23626 66 54 slowly slowly RB 23626 66 55 and and CC 23626 66 56 surely surely RB 23626 66 57 breaks break VBZ 23626 66 58 down down RP 23626 66 59 the the DT 23626 66 60 substances substance NNS 23626 66 61 undergoing undergo VBG 23626 66 62 examination examination NN 23626 66 63 into into IN 23626 66 64 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 66 65 various various JJ 23626 66 66 constituents constituent NNS 23626 66 67 , , , 23626 66 68 reducing reduce VBG 23626 66 69 these these DT 23626 66 70 still still RB 23626 66 71 further further RB 23626 66 72 till till IN 23626 66 73 no no DT 23626 66 74 more more JJR 23626 66 75 reduction reduction NN 23626 66 76 is be VBZ 23626 66 77 possible possible JJ 23626 66 78 , , , 23626 66 79 and and CC 23626 66 80 he -PRON- PRP 23626 66 81 arrives arrive VBZ 23626 66 82 at at IN 23626 66 83 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 66 84 elements element NNS 23626 66 85 . . . 23626 67 1 From from IN 23626 67 2 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 67 3 behaviour behaviour NN 23626 67 4 during during IN 23626 67 5 the the DT 23626 67 6 many many JJ 23626 67 7 and and CC 23626 67 8 varied varied JJ 23626 67 9 processes process NNS 23626 67 10 through through IN 23626 67 11 which which WDT 23626 67 12 they -PRON- PRP 23626 67 13 have have VBP 23626 67 14 passed pass VBN 23626 67 15 he -PRON- PRP 23626 67 16 finds find VBZ 23626 67 17 out out RP 23626 67 18 , , , 23626 67 19 with with IN 23626 67 20 unerring unerre VBG 23626 67 21 accuracy accuracy NN 23626 67 22 , , , 23626 67 23 the the DT 23626 67 24 exact exact JJ 23626 67 25 proportions proportion NNS 23626 67 26 of of IN 23626 67 27 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 67 28 composition composition NN 23626 67 29 , , , 23626 67 30 and and CC 23626 67 31 , , , 23626 67 32 in in IN 23626 67 33 many many JJ 23626 67 34 cases case NNS 23626 67 35 , , , 23626 67 36 the the DT 23626 67 37 cause cause NN 23626 67 38 of of IN 23626 67 39 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 67 40 origin origin NN 23626 67 41 . . . 23626 68 1 It -PRON- PRP 23626 68 2 may may MD 23626 68 3 be be VB 23626 68 4 thought think VBN 23626 68 5 that that IN 23626 68 6 , , , 23626 68 7 knowing know VBG 23626 68 8 all all PDT 23626 68 9 this this DT 23626 68 10 , , , 23626 68 11 it -PRON- PRP 23626 68 12 is be VBZ 23626 68 13 strange strange JJ 23626 68 14 that that DT 23626 68 15 man man NN 23626 68 16 does do VBZ 23626 68 17 not not RB 23626 68 18 himself -PRON- PRP 23626 68 19 manufacture manufacture VB 23626 68 20 these these DT 23626 68 21 rare rare JJ 23626 68 22 gems gem NNS 23626 68 23 , , , 23626 68 24 such such JJ 23626 68 25 as as IN 23626 68 26 the the DT 23626 68 27 diamond diamond NN 23626 68 28 , , , 23626 68 29 but but CC 23626 68 30 so so RB 23626 68 31 far far RB 23626 68 32 he -PRON- PRP 23626 68 33 has have VBZ 23626 68 34 only only RB 23626 68 35 succeeded succeed VBN 23626 68 36 in in IN 23626 68 37 making make VBG 23626 68 38 a a DT 23626 68 39 few few JJ 23626 68 40 of of IN 23626 68 41 microscopic microscopic JJ 23626 68 42 size size NN 23626 68 43 , , , 23626 68 44 altogether altogether RB 23626 68 45 useless useless JJ 23626 68 46 except except IN 23626 68 47 as as IN 23626 68 48 scientific scientific JJ 23626 68 49 curiosities curiosity NNS 23626 68 50 . . . 23626 69 1 The the DT 23626 69 2 manner manner NN 23626 69 3 in in IN 23626 69 4 which which WDT 23626 69 5 these these DT 23626 69 6 minute minute NN 23626 69 7 gems gem NNS 23626 69 8 and and CC 23626 69 9 spurious spurious JJ 23626 69 10 stones stone NNS 23626 69 11 are be VBP 23626 69 12 manufactured manufacture VBN 23626 69 13 , , , 23626 69 14 and and CC 23626 69 15 the the DT 23626 69 16 methods method NNS 23626 69 17 by by IN 23626 69 18 which which WDT 23626 69 19 they -PRON- PRP 23626 69 20 may may MD 23626 69 21 readily readily RB 23626 69 22 be be VB 23626 69 23 distinguished distinguish VBN 23626 69 24 from from IN 23626 69 25 real real JJ 23626 69 26 , , , 23626 69 27 will will MD 23626 69 28 be be VB 23626 69 29 dealt deal VBN 23626 69 30 with with IN 23626 69 31 in in IN 23626 69 32 due due JJ 23626 69 33 course course NN 23626 69 34 . . . 23626 70 1 The the DT 23626 70 2 natural natural JJ 23626 70 3 stones stone NNS 23626 70 4 represent represent VBP 23626 70 5 the the DT 23626 70 6 slow slow JJ 23626 70 7 chemical chemical NN 23626 70 8 action action NN 23626 70 9 of of IN 23626 70 10 water water NN 23626 70 11 , , , 23626 70 12 decay decay NN 23626 70 13 , , , 23626 70 14 and and CC 23626 70 15 association association NN 23626 70 16 with with IN 23626 70 17 , , , 23626 70 18 or or CC 23626 70 19 near near JJ 23626 70 20 , , , 23626 70 21 other other JJ 23626 70 22 chemical chemical JJ 23626 70 23 substances substance NNS 23626 70 24 or or CC 23626 70 25 elements element NNS 23626 70 26 , , , 23626 70 27 combined combine VBN 23626 70 28 with with IN 23626 70 29 the the DT 23626 70 30 action action NN 23626 70 31 of of IN 23626 70 32 millions million NNS 23626 70 33 of of IN 23626 70 34 years year NNS 23626 70 35 of of IN 23626 70 36 time time NN 23626 70 37 , , , 23626 70 38 and and CC 23626 70 39 the the DT 23626 70 40 unceasing uncease VBG 23626 70 41 enormous enormous JJ 23626 70 42 pressure pressure NN 23626 70 43 during during IN 23626 70 44 that that DT 23626 70 45 time time NN 23626 70 46 of of IN 23626 70 47 thousands thousand NNS 23626 70 48 , , , 23626 70 49 perhaps perhaps RB 23626 70 50 millions million NNS 23626 70 51 , , , 23626 70 52 of of IN 23626 70 53 tons ton NNS 23626 70 54 of of IN 23626 70 55 earth earth NN 23626 70 56 , , , 23626 70 57 rock rock NN 23626 70 58 , , , 23626 70 59 and and CC 23626 70 60 the the DT 23626 70 61 like like JJ 23626 70 62 , , , 23626 70 63 subjected subject VBN 23626 70 64 , , , 23626 70 65 for for IN 23626 70 66 a a DT 23626 70 67 certain certain JJ 23626 70 68 portion portion NN 23626 70 69 at at IN 23626 70 70 least least JJS 23626 70 71 of of IN 23626 70 72 that that DT 23626 70 73 period period NN 23626 70 74 , , , 23626 70 75 to to IN 23626 70 76 extremes extreme NNS 23626 70 77 of of IN 23626 70 78 heat heat NN 23626 70 79 or or CC 23626 70 80 cold cold JJ 23626 70 81 , , , 23626 70 82 all all DT 23626 70 83 of of IN 23626 70 84 which which WDT 23626 70 85 determine determine VBP 23626 70 86 the the DT 23626 70 87 nature nature NN 23626 70 88 of of IN 23626 70 89 the the DT 23626 70 90 gem gem NN 23626 70 91 . . . 23626 71 1 So so RB 23626 71 2 that that IN 23626 71 3 only only RB 23626 71 4 in in IN 23626 71 5 the the DT 23626 71 6 earth earth NN 23626 71 7 itself -PRON- PRP 23626 71 8 , , , 23626 71 9 under under IN 23626 71 10 strictly strictly RB 23626 71 11 natural natural JJ 23626 71 12 conditions condition NNS 23626 71 13 , , , 23626 71 14 can can MD 23626 71 15 these these DT 23626 71 16 rare rare JJ 23626 71 17 substances substance NNS 23626 71 18 be be VB 23626 71 19 found find VBN 23626 71 20 at at RB 23626 71 21 all all RB 23626 71 22 in in IN 23626 71 23 any any DT 23626 71 24 workable workable JJ 23626 71 25 size size NN 23626 71 26 ; ; : 23626 71 27 therefore therefore RB 23626 71 28 they -PRON- PRP 23626 71 29 must must MD 23626 71 30 be be VB 23626 71 31 sought seek VBN 23626 71 32 after after IN 23626 71 33 assiduously assiduously RB 23626 71 34 , , , 23626 71 35 with with IN 23626 71 36 more more RBR 23626 71 37 or or CC 23626 71 38 less less RBR 23626 71 39 speculative speculative JJ 23626 71 40 risk risk NN 23626 71 41 . . . 23626 72 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 23626 72 2 II II NNP 23626 72 3 . . . 23626 73 1 THE the DT 23626 73 2 ORIGIN ORIGIN NNP 23626 73 3 OF of IN 23626 73 4 PRECIOUS PRECIOUS NNP 23626 73 5 STONES STONES NNP 23626 73 6 . . . 23626 74 1 Though though IN 23626 74 2 the the DT 23626 74 3 origin origin NN 23626 74 4 , , , 23626 74 5 formation formation NN 23626 74 6 , , , 23626 74 7 composition composition NN 23626 74 8 , , , 23626 74 9 characteristics characteristic NNS 23626 74 10 and and CC 23626 74 11 tests test NNS 23626 74 12 of of IN 23626 74 13 each each DT 23626 74 14 stone stone NN 23626 74 15 will will MD 23626 74 16 be be VB 23626 74 17 examined examine VBN 23626 74 18 in in IN 23626 74 19 detail detail NN 23626 74 20 when when WRB 23626 74 21 dealing deal VBG 23626 74 22 with with IN 23626 74 23 the the DT 23626 74 24 stones stone NNS 23626 74 25 seriatim seriatim NN 23626 74 26 , , , 23626 74 27 it -PRON- PRP 23626 74 28 is be VBZ 23626 74 29 necessary necessary JJ 23626 74 30 to to TO 23626 74 31 enquire enquire VB 23626 74 32 into into IN 23626 74 33 those those DT 23626 74 34 particulars particular NNS 23626 74 35 of of IN 23626 74 36 origin origin NN 23626 74 37 which which WDT 23626 74 38 are be VBP 23626 74 39 common common JJ 23626 74 40 to to IN 23626 74 41 all all DT 23626 74 42 , , , 23626 74 43 in in IN 23626 74 44 order order NN 23626 74 45 thoroughly thoroughly RB 23626 74 46 to to TO 23626 74 47 understand understand VB 23626 74 48 why why WRB 23626 74 49 they -PRON- PRP 23626 74 50 differ differ VBP 23626 74 51 from from IN 23626 74 52 other other JJ 23626 74 53 non non JJ 23626 74 54 - - JJ 23626 74 55 metallic metallic JJ 23626 74 56 and and CC 23626 74 57 metallic metallic JJ 23626 74 58 minerals mineral NNS 23626 74 59 . . . 23626 75 1 At at IN 23626 75 2 the the DT 23626 75 3 very very JJ 23626 75 4 commencement commencement NN 23626 75 5 we -PRON- PRP 23626 75 6 are be VBP 23626 75 7 faced face VBN 23626 75 8 with with IN 23626 75 9 a a DT 23626 75 10 subject subject NN 23626 75 11 on on IN 23626 75 12 which which WDT 23626 75 13 mineralogists mineralogist NNS 23626 75 14 and and CC 23626 75 15 geologists geologist NNS 23626 75 16 are be VBP 23626 75 17 by by IN 23626 75 18 no no DT 23626 75 19 means mean NNS 23626 75 20 in in IN 23626 75 21 full full JJ 23626 75 22 agreement agreement NN 23626 75 23 , , , 23626 75 24 and and CC 23626 75 25 there there EX 23626 75 26 seems seem VBZ 23626 75 27 just just RB 23626 75 28 ground ground NN 23626 75 29 for for IN 23626 75 30 considerable considerable JJ 23626 75 31 divergence divergence NN 23626 75 32 of of IN 23626 75 33 opinion opinion NN 23626 75 34 , , , 23626 75 35 according accord VBG 23626 75 36 to to IN 23626 75 37 the the DT 23626 75 38 line line NN 23626 75 39 of of IN 23626 75 40 argument argument NN 23626 75 41 taken take VBN 23626 75 42 . . . 23626 76 1 It -PRON- PRP 23626 76 2 is be VBZ 23626 76 3 a a DT 23626 76 4 most most RBS 23626 76 5 remarkable remarkable JJ 23626 76 6 fact fact NN 23626 76 7 that that IN 23626 76 8 , , , 23626 76 9 precious precious JJ 23626 76 10 as as IN 23626 76 11 are be VBP 23626 76 12 certain certain JJ 23626 76 13 stones stone NNS 23626 76 14 , , , 23626 76 15 they -PRON- PRP 23626 76 16 do do VBP 23626 76 17 not not RB 23626 76 18 ( ( -LRB- 23626 76 19 with with IN 23626 76 20 a a DT 23626 76 21 few few JJ 23626 76 22 exceptions exception NNS 23626 76 23 ) ) -RRB- 23626 76 24 contain contain VBP 23626 76 25 any any DT 23626 76 26 of of IN 23626 76 27 the the DT 23626 76 28 rarer rarer NN 23626 76 29 metals metal NNS 23626 76 30 , , , 23626 76 31 such such JJ 23626 76 32 as as IN 23626 76 33 platinum platinum NN 23626 76 34 , , , 23626 76 35 gold gold NN 23626 76 36 , , , 23626 76 37 etc etc FW 23626 76 38 . . FW 23626 76 39 , , , 23626 76 40 or or CC 23626 76 41 any any DT 23626 76 42 of of IN 23626 76 43 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 76 44 compounds compound NNS 23626 76 45 , , , 23626 76 46 but but CC 23626 76 47 are be VBP 23626 76 48 composed compose VBN 23626 76 49 entirely entirely RB 23626 76 50 of of IN 23626 76 51 the the DT 23626 76 52 common common JJ 23626 76 53 elements element NNS 23626 76 54 and and CC 23626 76 55 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 76 56 derivatives derivative NNS 23626 76 57 , , , 23626 76 58 especially especially RB 23626 76 59 of of IN 23626 76 60 those those DT 23626 76 61 elements element NNS 23626 76 62 contained contain VBN 23626 76 63 in in IN 23626 76 64 the the DT 23626 76 65 upper upper JJ 23626 76 66 crust crust NN 23626 76 67 of of IN 23626 76 68 the the DT 23626 76 69 earth earth NN 23626 76 70 , , , 23626 76 71 and and CC 23626 76 72 this this DT 23626 76 73 notwithstanding notwithstanding IN 23626 76 74 the the DT 23626 76 75 fact fact NN 23626 76 76 that that IN 23626 76 77 gems gem NNS 23626 76 78 are be VBP 23626 76 79 often often RB 23626 76 80 found find VBN 23626 76 81 deep deep RB 23626 76 82 down down RB 23626 76 83 in in IN 23626 76 84 the the DT 23626 76 85 earth earth NN 23626 76 86 . . . 23626 77 1 This this DT 23626 77 2 is be VBZ 23626 77 3 very very RB 23626 77 4 significant significant JJ 23626 77 5 , , , 23626 77 6 and and CC 23626 77 7 points point NNS 23626 77 8 to to IN 23626 77 9 the the DT 23626 77 10 conclusion conclusion NN 23626 77 11 that that IN 23626 77 12 these these DT 23626 77 13 stones stone NNS 23626 77 14 were be VBD 23626 77 15 formed form VBN 23626 77 16 by by IN 23626 77 17 the the DT 23626 77 18 slow slow JJ 23626 77 19 percolation percolation NN 23626 77 20 of of IN 23626 77 21 water water NN 23626 77 22 from from IN 23626 77 23 the the DT 23626 77 24 surface surface NN 23626 77 25 through through IN 23626 77 26 the the DT 23626 77 27 deeper deep JJR 23626 77 28 parts part NNS 23626 77 29 of of IN 23626 77 30 the the DT 23626 77 31 earth earth NN 23626 77 32 , , , 23626 77 33 carrying carry VBG 23626 77 34 with with IN 23626 77 35 it -PRON- PRP 23626 77 36 , , , 23626 77 37 in in IN 23626 77 38 solution solution NN 23626 77 39 or or CC 23626 77 40 suspension suspension NN 23626 77 41 , , , 23626 77 42 the the DT 23626 77 43 chemical chemical JJ 23626 77 44 constituents constituent NNS 23626 77 45 of of IN 23626 77 46 the the DT 23626 77 47 earth earth NN 23626 77 48 's 's POS 23626 77 49 upper upper JJ 23626 77 50 crust crust NN 23626 77 51 ; ; : 23626 77 52 time time NN 23626 77 53 and and CC 23626 77 54 long long RB 23626 77 55 - - HYPH 23626 77 56 continued continue VBN 23626 77 57 pressure pressure NN 23626 77 58 , , , 23626 77 59 combined combine VBN 23626 77 60 with with IN 23626 77 61 heat heat NN 23626 77 62 or or CC 23626 77 63 cold cold JJ 23626 77 64 , , , 23626 77 65 or or CC 23626 77 66 perhaps perhaps RB 23626 77 67 both both DT 23626 77 68 in in IN 23626 77 69 turn turn NN 23626 77 70 , , , 23626 77 71 doing do VBG 23626 77 72 the the DT 23626 77 73 rest rest NN 23626 77 74 , , , 23626 77 75 as as IN 23626 77 76 already already RB 23626 77 77 mentioned mention VBN 23626 77 78 . . . 23626 78 1 The the DT 23626 78 2 moisture moisture NN 23626 78 3 falling fall VBG 23626 78 4 in in IN 23626 78 5 dew dew NN 23626 78 6 and and CC 23626 78 7 rain rain NN 23626 78 8 becomes become VBZ 23626 78 9 acidulated acidulate VBN 23626 78 10 with with IN 23626 78 11 carbonic carbonic JJ 23626 78 12 acid acid NN 23626 78 13 , , , 23626 78 14 CO_{2 CO_{2 NNP 23626 78 15 } } -RRB- 23626 78 16 ( ( -LRB- 23626 78 17 carbon carbon NN 23626 78 18 dioxide dioxide NN 23626 78 19 ) ) -RRB- 23626 78 20 , , , 23626 78 21 from from IN 23626 78 22 the the DT 23626 78 23 combustion combustion NN 23626 78 24 and and CC 23626 78 25 decay decay NN 23626 78 26 of of IN 23626 78 27 organic organic JJ 23626 78 28 matter matter NN 23626 78 29 , , , 23626 78 30 vegetation vegetation NN 23626 78 31 , , , 23626 78 32 and and CC 23626 78 33 other other JJ 23626 78 34 sources source NNS 23626 78 35 , , , 23626 78 36 and and CC 23626 78 37 this this DT 23626 78 38 moisture moisture NN 23626 78 39 is be VBZ 23626 78 40 capable capable JJ 23626 78 41 of of IN 23626 78 42 dissolving dissolve VBG 23626 78 43 certain certain JJ 23626 78 44 calcareous calcareous JJ 23626 78 45 substances substance NNS 23626 78 46 , , , 23626 78 47 which which WDT 23626 78 48 it -PRON- PRP 23626 78 49 takes take VBZ 23626 78 50 deep deep RB 23626 78 51 into into IN 23626 78 52 the the DT 23626 78 53 earth earth NN 23626 78 54 , , , 23626 78 55 till till IN 23626 78 56 the the DT 23626 78 57 time time NN 23626 78 58 comes come VBZ 23626 78 59 when when WRB 23626 78 60 it -PRON- PRP 23626 78 61 enters enter VBZ 23626 78 62 perhaps perhaps RB 23626 78 63 a a DT 23626 78 64 division division NN 23626 78 65 - - HYPH 23626 78 66 plane plane NN 23626 78 67 in in IN 23626 78 68 some some DT 23626 78 69 rock rock NN 23626 78 70 , , , 23626 78 71 or or CC 23626 78 72 some some DT 23626 78 73 such such JJ 23626 78 74 cavity cavity NN 23626 78 75 , , , 23626 78 76 and and CC 23626 78 77 is be VBZ 23626 78 78 unable unable JJ 23626 78 79 to to TO 23626 78 80 get get VB 23626 78 81 away away RB 23626 78 82 . . . 23626 79 1 The the DT 23626 79 2 hollow hollow JJ 23626 79 3 becomes become VBZ 23626 79 4 filled fill VBN 23626 79 5 with with IN 23626 79 6 water water NN 23626 79 7 , , , 23626 79 8 which which WDT 23626 79 9 is be VBZ 23626 79 10 slowly slowly RB 23626 79 11 more more JJR 23626 79 12 and and CC 23626 79 13 more more RBR 23626 79 14 charged charge VBN 23626 79 15 with with IN 23626 79 16 the the DT 23626 79 17 salts salt NNS 23626 79 18 brought bring VBN 23626 79 19 down down RP 23626 79 20 , , , 23626 79 21 till till IN 23626 79 22 saturated saturate VBN 23626 79 23 ; ; : 23626 79 24 then then RB 23626 79 25 super super RB 23626 79 26 - - JJ 23626 79 27 saturated saturated JJ 23626 79 28 , , , 23626 79 29 so so IN 23626 79 30 that that IN 23626 79 31 the the DT 23626 79 32 salts salt NNS 23626 79 33 become become VBP 23626 79 34 precipitated precipitate VBN 23626 79 35 , , , 23626 79 36 or or CC 23626 79 37 perhaps perhaps RB 23626 79 38 crystallised crystallise VBN 23626 79 39 out out RP 23626 79 40 , , , 23626 79 41 maybe maybe RB 23626 79 42 by by IN 23626 79 43 the the DT 23626 79 44 presence presence NN 23626 79 45 of of IN 23626 79 46 more more JJR 23626 79 47 or or CC 23626 79 48 other other JJ 23626 79 49 salts salt NNS 23626 79 50 , , , 23626 79 51 or or CC 23626 79 52 by by IN 23626 79 53 a a DT 23626 79 54 change change NN 23626 79 55 in in IN 23626 79 56 temperature temperature NN 23626 79 57 . . . 23626 80 1 These these DT 23626 80 2 crystals crystal NNS 23626 80 3 then then RB 23626 80 4 become become VBP 23626 80 5 packed packed JJ 23626 80 6 hard hard RB 23626 80 7 by by IN 23626 80 8 further further JJ 23626 80 9 supplies supply NNS 23626 80 10 and and CC 23626 80 11 pressure pressure NN 23626 80 12 , , , 23626 80 13 till till IN 23626 80 14 eventually eventually RB 23626 80 15 , , , 23626 80 16 after after IN 23626 80 17 the the DT 23626 80 18 lapse lapse NN 23626 80 19 of of IN 23626 80 20 ages age NNS 23626 80 21 , , , 23626 80 22 a a DT 23626 80 23 natural natural JJ 23626 80 24 gem gem NN 23626 80 25 is be VBZ 23626 80 26 found find VBN 23626 80 27 , , , 23626 80 28 _ _ NNP 23626 80 29 exactly exactly RB 23626 80 30 filling fill VBG 23626 80 31 _ _ NNP 23626 80 32 the the DT 23626 80 33 cavity cavity NN 23626 80 34 , , , 23626 80 35 and and CC 23626 80 36 is be VBZ 23626 80 37 a a DT 23626 80 38 precious precious JJ 23626 80 39 find find NN 23626 80 40 in in IN 23626 80 41 many many JJ 23626 80 42 cases case NNS 23626 80 43 . . . 23626 81 1 If if IN 23626 81 2 now now RB 23626 81 3 we -PRON- PRP 23626 81 4 try try VBP 23626 81 5 to to TO 23626 81 6 find find VB 23626 81 7 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 81 8 analogy analogy NN 23626 81 9 in in IN 23626 81 10 chemistry chemistry NN 23626 81 11 , , , 23626 81 12 and and CC 23626 81 13 for for IN 23626 81 14 a a DT 23626 81 15 moment moment NN 23626 81 16 consider consider VB 23626 81 17 the the DT 23626 81 18 curious curious JJ 23626 81 19 behaviour behaviour NN 23626 81 20 of of IN 23626 81 21 some some DT 23626 81 22 well well RB 23626 81 23 - - HYPH 23626 81 24 known know VBN 23626 81 25 salts salt NNS 23626 81 26 , , , 23626 81 27 under under IN 23626 81 28 different different JJ 23626 81 29 conditions condition NNS 23626 81 30 of of IN 23626 81 31 temperature temperature NN 23626 81 32 , , , 23626 81 33 what what WP 23626 81 34 is be VBZ 23626 81 35 taking take VBG 23626 81 36 place place NN 23626 81 37 underground underground RB 23626 81 38 ceases cease NNS 23626 81 39 to to TO 23626 81 40 be be VB 23626 81 41 mysterious mysterious JJ 23626 81 42 and and CC 23626 81 43 becomes become VBZ 23626 81 44 readily readily RB 23626 81 45 intelligible intelligible JJ 23626 81 46 . . . 23626 82 1 Perhaps perhaps RB 23626 82 2 the the DT 23626 82 3 best good JJS 23626 82 4 salt salt NN 23626 82 5 for for IN 23626 82 6 the the DT 23626 82 7 purpose purpose NN 23626 82 8 , , , 23626 82 9 and and CC 23626 82 10 one one CD 23626 82 11 easy easy JJ 23626 82 12 to to TO 23626 82 13 obtain obtain VB 23626 82 14 for for IN 23626 82 15 experiment experiment NN 23626 82 16 , , , 23626 82 17 is be VBZ 23626 82 18 the the DT 23626 82 19 sulphate sulphate NN 23626 82 20 of of IN 23626 82 21 sodium sodium NN 23626 82 22 -- -- : 23626 82 23 known know VBN 23626 82 24 also also RB 23626 82 25 as as IN 23626 82 26 Glauber Glauber NNP 23626 82 27 's 's POS 23626 82 28 Salt Salt NNP 23626 82 29 . . . 23626 83 1 It -PRON- PRP 23626 83 2 is be VBZ 23626 83 3 in in IN 23626 83 4 large large JJ 23626 83 5 , , , 23626 83 6 colourless colourless JJ 23626 83 7 prisms prism NNS 23626 83 8 , , , 23626 83 9 which which WDT 23626 83 10 may may MD 23626 83 11 soon soon RB 23626 83 12 be be VB 23626 83 13 dissolved dissolve VBN 23626 83 14 in in IN 23626 83 15 about about RB 23626 83 16 three three CD 23626 83 17 parts part NNS 23626 83 18 of of IN 23626 83 19 water water NN 23626 83 20 , , , 23626 83 21 so so RB 23626 83 22 long long RB 23626 83 23 as as IN 23626 83 24 the the DT 23626 83 25 water water NN 23626 83 26 does do VBZ 23626 83 27 not not RB 23626 83 28 exceed exceed VB 23626 83 29 60 60 CD 23626 83 30 ° ° , 23626 83 31 F. F. NNP 23626 83 32 , , , 23626 83 33 and and CC 23626 83 34 at at IN 23626 83 35 this this DT 23626 83 36 temperature temperature NN 23626 83 37 a a DT 23626 83 38 super super RB 23626 83 39 - - JJ 23626 83 40 saturated saturate VBN 23626 83 41 solution solution NN 23626 83 42 may may MD 23626 83 43 easily easily RB 23626 83 44 be be VB 23626 83 45 made make VBN 23626 83 46 . . . 23626 84 1 But but CC 23626 84 2 if if IN 23626 84 3 the the DT 23626 84 4 water water NN 23626 84 5 is be VBZ 23626 84 6 heated heat VBN 23626 84 7 the the DT 23626 84 8 salt salt NN 23626 84 9 then then RB 23626 84 10 becomes become VBZ 23626 84 11 more more JJR 23626 84 12 and and CC 23626 84 13 more more RBR 23626 84 14 insoluble insoluble JJ 23626 84 15 as as IN 23626 84 16 the the DT 23626 84 17 temperature temperature NN 23626 84 18 increases increase VBZ 23626 84 19 , , , 23626 84 20 till till IN 23626 84 21 it -PRON- PRP 23626 84 22 is be VBZ 23626 84 23 completely completely RB 23626 84 24 insoluble insoluble JJ 23626 84 25 . . . 23626 85 1 If if IN 23626 85 2 a a DT 23626 85 3 super super RB 23626 85 4 - - JJ 23626 85 5 saturated saturate VBN 23626 85 6 solution solution NN 23626 85 7 of of IN 23626 85 8 this this DT 23626 85 9 Glauber Glauber NNP 23626 85 10 's 's POS 23626 85 11 Salt Salt NNP 23626 85 12 is be VBZ 23626 85 13 made make VBN 23626 85 14 in in IN 23626 85 15 a a DT 23626 85 16 glass glass NN 23626 85 17 , , , 23626 85 18 at at IN 23626 85 19 ordinary ordinary JJ 23626 85 20 atmospheric atmospheric JJ 23626 85 21 temperature temperature NN 23626 85 22 , , , 23626 85 23 and and CC 23626 85 24 into into IN 23626 85 25 this this DT 23626 85 26 cold cold JJ 23626 85 27 solution solution NN 23626 85 28 , , , 23626 85 29 without without IN 23626 85 30 heating heating NN 23626 85 31 , , , 23626 85 32 is be VBZ 23626 85 33 dropped drop VBN 23626 85 34 a a DT 23626 85 35 small small JJ 23626 85 36 crystal crystal NN 23626 85 37 of of IN 23626 85 38 the the DT 23626 85 39 same same JJ 23626 85 40 salt salt NN 23626 85 41 , , , 23626 85 42 there there EX 23626 85 43 will will MD 23626 85 44 be be VB 23626 85 45 caused cause VBN 23626 85 46 a a DT 23626 85 47 rise rise NN 23626 85 48 in in IN 23626 85 49 temperature temperature NN 23626 85 50 , , , 23626 85 51 and and CC 23626 85 52 the the DT 23626 85 53 whole whole NN 23626 85 54 will will MD 23626 85 55 then then RB 23626 85 56 crystallise crystallise VB 23626 85 57 out out RP 23626 85 58 quite quite RB 23626 85 59 suddenly suddenly RB 23626 85 60 ; ; : 23626 85 61 the the DT 23626 85 62 water water NN 23626 85 63 will will MD 23626 85 64 be be VB 23626 85 65 absorbed absorb VBN 23626 85 66 , , , 23626 85 67 and and CC 23626 85 68 the the DT 23626 85 69 whole whole NN 23626 85 70 will will MD 23626 85 71 solidify solidify VB 23626 85 72 into into IN 23626 85 73 a a DT 23626 85 74 mass mass NN 23626 85 75 which which WDT 23626 85 76 exactly exactly RB 23626 85 77 fits fit VBZ 23626 85 78 the the DT 23626 85 79 inner inner JJ 23626 85 80 contour contour NN 23626 85 81 of of IN 23626 85 82 the the DT 23626 85 83 vessel vessel NN 23626 85 84 . . . 23626 86 1 We -PRON- PRP 23626 86 2 have have VBP 23626 86 3 now now RB 23626 86 4 formed form VBN 23626 86 5 what what WP 23626 86 6 _ _ NNP 23626 86 7 might may MD 23626 86 8 _ _ NNP 23626 86 9 be be VB 23626 86 10 a a DT 23626 86 11 precious precious JJ 23626 86 12 stone stone NN 23626 86 13 , , , 23626 86 14 and and CC 23626 86 15 no no DT 23626 86 16 doubt doubt NN 23626 86 17 would would MD 23626 86 18 be be VB 23626 86 19 , , , 23626 86 20 if if IN 23626 86 21 continuous continuous JJ 23626 86 22 pressure pressure NN 23626 86 23 could could MD 23626 86 24 be be VB 23626 86 25 applied apply VBN 23626 86 26 to to IN 23626 86 27 it -PRON- PRP 23626 86 28 for for IN 23626 86 29 perhaps perhaps RB 23626 86 30 a a DT 23626 86 31 few few JJ 23626 86 32 thousand thousand CD 23626 86 33 years year NNS 23626 86 34 ; ; : 23626 86 35 at at IN 23626 86 36 any any DT 23626 86 37 rate rate NN 23626 86 38 , , , 23626 86 39 the the DT 23626 86 40 formation formation NN 23626 86 41 of of IN 23626 86 42 a a DT 23626 86 43 natural natural JJ 23626 86 44 jewel jewel NN 23626 86 45 is be VBZ 23626 86 46 not not RB 23626 86 47 greatly greatly RB 23626 86 48 different different JJ 23626 86 49 , , , 23626 86 50 and and CC 23626 86 51 after after IN 23626 86 52 being be VBG 23626 86 53 subjected subject VBN 23626 86 54 for for IN 23626 86 55 a a DT 23626 86 56 period period NN 23626 86 57 , , , 23626 86 58 extending extend VBG 23626 86 59 to to IN 23626 86 60 ages age NNS 23626 86 61 , , , 23626 86 62 to to IN 23626 86 63 the the DT 23626 86 64 washings washing NNS 23626 86 65 of of IN 23626 86 66 moisture moisture NN 23626 86 67 , , , 23626 86 68 the the DT 23626 86 69 contact contact NN 23626 86 70 of of IN 23626 86 71 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 86 72 containing contain VBG 23626 86 73 bed bed NN 23626 86 74 ( ( -LRB- 23626 86 75 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 86 76 later later JJ 23626 86 77 matrix matrix NN 23626 86 78 ) ) -RRB- 23626 86 79 , , , 23626 86 80 the the DT 23626 86 81 action action NN 23626 86 82 of of IN 23626 86 83 the the DT 23626 86 84 changes change NNS 23626 86 85 in in IN 23626 86 86 the the DT 23626 86 87 temperature temperature NN 23626 86 88 of of IN 23626 86 89 the the DT 23626 86 90 earth earth NN 23626 86 91 in in IN 23626 86 92 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 86 93 vicinity vicinity NN 23626 86 94 , , , 23626 86 95 it -PRON- PRP 23626 86 96 emerges emerge VBZ 23626 86 97 by by IN 23626 86 98 volcanic volcanic JJ 23626 86 99 eruption eruption NN 23626 86 100 , , , 23626 86 101 earthquake earthquake NN 23626 86 102 , , , 23626 86 103 landslip landslip NNP 23626 86 104 and and CC 23626 86 105 the the DT 23626 86 106 like like JJ 23626 86 107 , , , 23626 86 108 or or CC 23626 86 109 is be VBZ 23626 86 110 discovered discover VBN 23626 86 111 as as IN 23626 86 112 a a DT 23626 86 113 rare rare JJ 23626 86 114 and and CC 23626 86 115 valuable valuable JJ 23626 86 116 specimen speciman NNS 23626 86 117 of of IN 23626 86 118 some some DT 23626 86 119 simple simple JJ 23626 86 120 compound compound NN 23626 86 121 of of IN 23626 86 122 earth earth NN 23626 86 123 - - HYPH 23626 86 124 crust crust NN 23626 86 125 and and CC 23626 86 126 water water NN 23626 86 127 , , , 23626 86 128 as as RB 23626 86 129 simple simple JJ 23626 86 130 as as IN 23626 86 131 Glauber Glauber NNP 23626 86 132 's 's POS 23626 86 133 Salt Salt NNP 23626 86 134 , , , 23626 86 135 or or CC 23626 86 136 as as IN 23626 86 137 the the DT 23626 86 138 pure pure JJ 23626 86 139 crystallized crystallized JJ 23626 86 140 carbon carbon NN 23626 86 141 . . . 23626 87 1 It -PRON- PRP 23626 87 2 is be VBZ 23626 87 3 also also RB 23626 87 4 curious curious JJ 23626 87 5 to to TO 23626 87 6 note note VB 23626 87 7 that that IN 23626 87 8 in in IN 23626 87 9 some some DT 23626 87 10 cases case NNS 23626 87 11 the the DT 23626 87 12 stones stone NNS 23626 87 13 have have VBP 23626 87 14 not not RB 23626 87 15 been be VBN 23626 87 16 caused cause VBN 23626 87 17 by by IN 23626 87 18 aqueous aqueous JJ 23626 87 19 deposit deposit NN 23626 87 20 in in IN 23626 87 21 an an DT 23626 87 22 already already RB 23626 87 23 existing exist VBG 23626 87 24 hollow hollow JJ 23626 87 25 , , , 23626 87 26 but but CC 23626 87 27 the the DT 23626 87 28 aqueous aqueous JJ 23626 87 29 infusion infusion NN 23626 87 30 has have VBZ 23626 87 31 acted act VBN 23626 87 32 on on IN 23626 87 33 a a DT 23626 87 34 portion portion NN 23626 87 35 of of IN 23626 87 36 the the DT 23626 87 37 rock rock NN 23626 87 38 on on IN 23626 87 39 which which WDT 23626 87 40 it -PRON- PRP 23626 87 41 rested rest VBD 23626 87 42 , , , 23626 87 43 absorbing absorb VBG 23626 87 44 the the DT 23626 87 45 rock rock NN 23626 87 46 , , , 23626 87 47 and and CC 23626 87 48 , , , 23626 87 49 as as IN 23626 87 50 it -PRON- PRP 23626 87 51 were be VBD 23626 87 52 , , , 23626 87 53 replacing replace VBG 23626 87 54 it -PRON- PRP 23626 87 55 by by IN 23626 87 56 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 87 57 own own JJ 23626 87 58 substance substance NN 23626 87 59 . . . 23626 88 1 This this DT 23626 88 2 is be VBZ 23626 88 3 evidenced evidence VBN 23626 88 4 in in IN 23626 88 5 cases case NNS 23626 88 6 where where WRB 23626 88 7 gems gem NNS 23626 88 8 have have VBP 23626 88 9 been be VBN 23626 88 10 found find VBN 23626 88 11 encrusted encrust VBN 23626 88 12 on on IN 23626 88 13 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 88 14 matrix matrix NN 23626 88 15 , , , 23626 88 16 which which WDT 23626 88 17 latter latter JJ 23626 88 18 was be VBD 23626 88 19 being be VBG 23626 88 20 slowly slowly RB 23626 88 21 transformed transform VBN 23626 88 22 to to IN 23626 88 23 the the DT 23626 88 24 character character NN 23626 88 25 of of IN 23626 88 26 the the DT 23626 88 27 jewel jewel NN 23626 88 28 encrusted encrust VBD 23626 88 29 , , , 23626 88 30 or or CC 23626 88 31 " " `` 23626 88 32 scabbed scabbe VBN 23626 88 33 " " '' 23626 88 34 on on IN 23626 88 35 it -PRON- PRP 23626 88 36 . . . 23626 89 1 The the DT 23626 89 2 character character NN 23626 89 3 of of IN 23626 89 4 the the DT 23626 89 5 matrix matrix NN 23626 89 6 is be VBZ 23626 89 7 also also RB 23626 89 8 in in IN 23626 89 9 a a DT 23626 89 10 great great JJ 23626 89 11 measure measure NN 23626 89 12 the the DT 23626 89 13 cause cause NN 23626 89 14 of of IN 23626 89 15 the the DT 23626 89 16 variety variety NN 23626 89 17 of of IN 23626 89 18 the the DT 23626 89 19 stone stone NN 23626 89 20 , , , 23626 89 21 for for IN 23626 89 22 it -PRON- PRP 23626 89 23 is be VBZ 23626 89 24 obvious obvious JJ 23626 89 25 that that IN 23626 89 26 the the DT 23626 89 27 same same JJ 23626 89 28 salt salt NN 23626 89 29 - - HYPH 23626 89 30 charged charge VBN 23626 89 31 aqueous aqueous JJ 23626 89 32 solution solution NN 23626 89 33 which which WDT 23626 89 34 undergoes undergo VBZ 23626 89 35 change change VBP 23626 89 36 in in IN 23626 89 37 and and CC 23626 89 38 on on IN 23626 89 39 ironstone ironstone NN 23626 89 40 would would MD 23626 89 41 result result VB 23626 89 42 in in IN 23626 89 43 an an DT 23626 89 44 entirely entirely RB 23626 89 45 different different JJ 23626 89 46 product product NN 23626 89 47 from from IN 23626 89 48 that that DT 23626 89 49 resting rest VBG 23626 89 50 on on RP 23626 89 51 or or CC 23626 89 52 embedded embed VBN 23626 89 53 in in IN 23626 89 54 silica silica NN 23626 89 55 . . . 23626 90 1 Following follow VBG 23626 90 2 out out RP 23626 90 3 the the DT 23626 90 4 explanation explanation NN 23626 90 5 of of IN 23626 90 6 the the DT 23626 90 7 aqueous aqueous JJ 23626 90 8 solution solution NN 23626 90 9 , , , 23626 90 10 in in IN 23626 90 11 which which WDT 23626 90 12 the the DT 23626 90 13 earth earth NN 23626 90 14 - - HYPH 23626 90 15 crust crust NN 23626 90 16 constituents constituent NNS 23626 90 17 are be VBP 23626 90 18 secreted secrete VBN 23626 90 19 , , , 23626 90 20 we -PRON- PRP 23626 90 21 find find VBP 23626 90 22 that that IN 23626 90 23 the the DT 23626 90 24 rarer rare JJR 23626 90 25 and and CC 23626 90 26 more more JJR 23626 90 27 precious precious JJ 23626 90 28 metals metal NNS 23626 90 29 do do VBP 23626 90 30 not not RB 23626 90 31 generally generally RB 23626 90 32 enter enter VB 23626 90 33 into into IN 23626 90 34 the the DT 23626 90 35 composition composition NN 23626 90 36 of of IN 23626 90 37 precious precious JJ 23626 90 38 stones stone NNS 23626 90 39 -- -- : 23626 90 40 which which WDT 23626 90 41 fact fact NN 23626 90 42 may may MD 23626 90 43 advisedly advisedly RB 23626 90 44 be be VB 23626 90 45 repeated repeat VBN 23626 90 46 . . . 23626 91 1 It -PRON- PRP 23626 91 2 is be VBZ 23626 91 3 , , , 23626 91 4 of of IN 23626 91 5 course course NN 23626 91 6 , , , 23626 91 7 to to TO 23626 91 8 be be VB 23626 91 9 expected expect VBN 23626 91 10 that that IN 23626 91 11 beryllium beryllium NN 23626 91 12 will will MD 23626 91 13 be be VB 23626 91 14 found find VBN 23626 91 15 in in IN 23626 91 16 the the DT 23626 91 17 emerald emerald NN 23626 91 18 , , , 23626 91 19 since since IN 23626 91 20 it -PRON- PRP 23626 91 21 is be VBZ 23626 91 22 under under IN 23626 91 23 the the DT 23626 91 24 species species NN 23626 91 25 beryl beryl NN 23626 91 26 , , , 23626 91 27 and and CC 23626 91 28 zirconium zirconium NN 23626 91 29 in in IN 23626 91 30 zircon zircon NNP 23626 91 31 ; ; : 23626 91 32 but but CC 23626 91 33 such such JJ 23626 91 34 instances instance NNS 23626 91 35 are be VBP 23626 91 36 the the DT 23626 91 37 exception exception NN 23626 91 38 , , , 23626 91 39 and and CC 23626 91 40 we -PRON- PRP 23626 91 41 may may MD 23626 91 42 well well RB 23626 91 43 wonder wonder VB 23626 91 44 at at IN 23626 91 45 the the DT 23626 91 46 actions action NNS 23626 91 47 of of IN 23626 91 48 the the DT 23626 91 49 infinite infinite JJ 23626 91 50 powers power NNS 23626 91 51 of of IN 23626 91 52 nature nature NN 23626 91 53 , , , 23626 91 54 when when WRB 23626 91 55 we -PRON- PRP 23626 91 56 reflect reflect VBP 23626 91 57 that that IN 23626 91 58 the the DT 23626 91 59 rarest rare JJS 23626 91 60 , , , 23626 91 61 costliest costly JJS 23626 91 62 and and CC 23626 91 63 most most RBS 23626 91 64 beautiful beautiful JJ 23626 91 65 of of IN 23626 91 66 all all DT 23626 91 67 precious precious JJ 23626 91 68 stones stone NNS 23626 91 69 are be VBP 23626 91 70 the the DT 23626 91 71 simplest simple JJS 23626 91 72 in in IN 23626 91 73 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 91 74 constituents constituent NNS 23626 91 75 . . . 23626 92 1 Thus thus RB 23626 92 2 we -PRON- PRP 23626 92 3 find find VBP 23626 92 4 the the DT 23626 92 5 diamond diamond NN 23626 92 6 standing stand VBG 23626 92 7 unique unique JJ 23626 92 8 amongst amongst IN 23626 92 9 all all DT 23626 92 10 gems gem NNS 23626 92 11 in in IN 23626 92 12 being be VBG 23626 92 13 composed compose VBN 23626 92 14 of of IN 23626 92 15 one one CD 23626 92 16 element element NN 23626 92 17 only only RB 23626 92 18 -- -- : 23626 92 19 carbon carbon NN 23626 92 20 -- -- : 23626 92 21 being be VBG 23626 92 22 pure pure JJ 23626 92 23 crystallised crystallised JJ 23626 92 24 carbon carbon NN 23626 92 25 ; ; : 23626 92 26 a a DT 23626 92 27 different different JJ 23626 92 28 form form NN 23626 92 29 from from IN 23626 92 30 graphite graphite NN 23626 92 31 , , , 23626 92 32 it -PRON- PRP 23626 92 33 is be VBZ 23626 92 34 true true JJ 23626 92 35 , , , 23626 92 36 but but CC 23626 92 37 , , , 23626 92 38 nevertheless nevertheless RB 23626 92 39 , , , 23626 92 40 pure pure JJ 23626 92 41 carbon carbon NN 23626 92 42 and and CC 23626 92 43 nothing nothing NN 23626 92 44 else else RB 23626 92 45 . . . 23626 93 1 Therefore therefore RB 23626 93 2 , , , 23626 93 3 from from IN 23626 93 4 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 93 5 chemical chemical NN 23626 93 6 , , , 23626 93 7 as as RB 23626 93 8 well well RB 23626 93 9 as as IN 23626 93 10 from from IN 23626 93 11 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 93 12 commercial commercial JJ 23626 93 13 aspect aspect NN 23626 93 14 , , , 23626 93 15 the the DT 23626 93 16 diamond diamond NN 23626 93 17 stands stand VBZ 23626 93 18 alone alone RB 23626 93 19 as as IN 23626 93 20 the the DT 23626 93 21 most most RBS 23626 93 22 important important JJ 23626 93 23 of of IN 23626 93 24 gems gem NNS 23626 93 25 . . . 23626 94 1 The the DT 23626 94 2 next next JJ 23626 94 3 in in IN 23626 94 4 simplicity simplicity NN 23626 94 5 , , , 23626 94 6 whilst whilst IN 23626 94 7 being be VBG 23626 94 8 the the DT 23626 94 9 most most RBS 23626 94 10 costly costly JJ 23626 94 11 of of IN 23626 94 12 all all DT 23626 94 13 , , , 23626 94 14 is be VBZ 23626 94 15 the the DT 23626 94 16 ruby ruby NN 23626 94 17 , , , 23626 94 18 and and CC 23626 94 19 with with IN 23626 94 20 this this DT 23626 94 21 may may MD 23626 94 22 be be VB 23626 94 23 classed class VBN 23626 94 24 the the DT 23626 94 25 blue blue JJ 23626 94 26 sapphire sapphire NN 23626 94 27 , , , 23626 94 28 seeing see VBG 23626 94 29 that that IN 23626 94 30 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 94 31 chemical chemical JJ 23626 94 32 constituents constituent NNS 23626 94 33 are be VBP 23626 94 34 exactly exactly RB 23626 94 35 the the DT 23626 94 36 same same JJ 23626 94 37 , , , 23626 94 38 the the DT 23626 94 39 difference difference NN 23626 94 40 being be VBG 23626 94 41 one one CD 23626 94 42 of of IN 23626 94 43 colour colour NN 23626 94 44 only only RB 23626 94 45 . . . 23626 95 1 These these DT 23626 95 2 have have VBP 23626 95 3 two two CD 23626 95 4 elements element NNS 23626 95 5 , , , 23626 95 6 oxygen oxygen NN 23626 95 7 and and CC 23626 95 8 aluminium aluminium NN 23626 95 9 , , , 23626 95 10 which which WDT 23626 95 11 important important JJ 23626 95 12 constituents constituent NNS 23626 95 13 appear appear VBP 23626 95 14 also also RB 23626 95 15 in in IN 23626 95 16 other other JJ 23626 95 17 stones stone NNS 23626 95 18 , , , 23626 95 19 but but CC 23626 95 20 this this DT 23626 95 21 example example NN 23626 95 22 is be VBZ 23626 95 23 sufficient sufficient JJ 23626 95 24 to to TO 23626 95 25 prove prove VB 23626 95 26 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 95 27 simplicity simplicity NN 23626 95 28 of of IN 23626 95 29 origin origin NN 23626 95 30 . . . 23626 96 1 Another another DT 23626 96 2 unique unique JJ 23626 96 3 stone stone NN 23626 96 4 is be VBZ 23626 96 5 the the DT 23626 96 6 turquoise turquoise NN 23626 96 7 , , , 23626 96 8 in in IN 23626 96 9 that that IN 23626 96 10 it -PRON- PRP 23626 96 11 is be VBZ 23626 96 12 the the DT 23626 96 13 only only JJ 23626 96 14 rare rare JJ 23626 96 15 gem gem NN 23626 96 16 essentially essentially RB 23626 96 17 containing contain VBG 23626 96 18 a a DT 23626 96 19 great great JJ 23626 96 20 proportion proportion NN 23626 96 21 of of IN 23626 96 22 water water NN 23626 96 23 , , , 23626 96 24 which which WDT 23626 96 25 renders render VBZ 23626 96 26 it -PRON- PRP 23626 96 27 easily easily RB 23626 96 28 liable liable JJ 23626 96 29 to to IN 23626 96 30 destruction destruction NN 23626 96 31 , , , 23626 96 32 as as IN 23626 96 33 we -PRON- PRP 23626 96 34 shall shall MD 23626 96 35 see see VB 23626 96 36 later later RBR 23626 96 37 . . . 23626 97 1 It -PRON- PRP 23626 97 2 is be VBZ 23626 97 3 a a DT 23626 97 4 combination combination NN 23626 97 5 of of IN 23626 97 6 alumina alumina NNP 23626 97 7 , , , 23626 97 8 water water NN 23626 97 9 , , , 23626 97 10 and and CC 23626 97 11 phosphoric phosphoric NN 23626 97 12 acid acid NN 23626 97 13 , , , 23626 97 14 and and CC 23626 97 15 is be VBZ 23626 97 16 also also RB 23626 97 17 unique unique JJ 23626 97 18 in in IN 23626 97 19 being be VBG 23626 97 20 the the DT 23626 97 21 only only RB 23626 97 22 known know VBN 23626 97 23 valuable valuable JJ 23626 97 24 stone stone NN 23626 97 25 containing contain VBG 23626 97 26 a a DT 23626 97 27 phosphate phosphate NN 23626 97 28 . . . 23626 98 1 Turning turn VBG 23626 98 2 to to IN 23626 98 3 the the DT 23626 98 4 silica silica NN 23626 98 5 series series NN 23626 98 6 , , , 23626 98 7 we -PRON- PRP 23626 98 8 again again RB 23626 98 9 find find VBP 23626 98 10 a a DT 23626 98 11 number number NN 23626 98 12 of of IN 23626 98 13 gems gem NNS 23626 98 14 with with IN 23626 98 15 two two CD 23626 98 16 elements element NNS 23626 98 17 only only RB 23626 98 18 , , , 23626 98 19 silica silica NN 23626 98 20 -- -- : 23626 98 21 an an DT 23626 98 22 important important JJ 23626 98 23 constituent constituent NN 23626 98 24 of of IN 23626 98 25 the the DT 23626 98 26 earth earth NN 23626 98 27 's 's POS 23626 98 28 crust crust NN 23626 98 29 -- -- : 23626 98 30 and and CC 23626 98 31 oxygen oxygen NN 23626 98 32 -- -- : 23626 98 33 an an DT 23626 98 34 important important JJ 23626 98 35 constituent constituent NN 23626 98 36 of of IN 23626 98 37 atmospheric atmospheric JJ 23626 98 38 air air NN 23626 98 39 . . . 23626 99 1 In in IN 23626 99 2 this this DT 23626 99 3 group group NN 23626 99 4 may may MD 23626 99 5 be be VB 23626 99 6 mentioned mention VBN 23626 99 7 the the DT 23626 99 8 opal opal NN 23626 99 9 , , , 23626 99 10 amethyst amethyst NNP 23626 99 11 , , , 23626 99 12 agate agate NN 23626 99 13 , , , 23626 99 14 rock rock NN 23626 99 15 - - HYPH 23626 99 16 crystal crystal NN 23626 99 17 , , , 23626 99 18 and and CC 23626 99 19 the the DT 23626 99 20 like like JJ 23626 99 21 , , , 23626 99 22 as as IN 23626 99 23 the the DT 23626 99 24 best good JJS 23626 99 25 known know VBN 23626 99 26 examples example NNS 23626 99 27 , , , 23626 99 28 whilst whilst IN 23626 99 29 oxygen oxygen NN 23626 99 30 appears appear VBZ 23626 99 31 also also RB 23626 99 32 mostly mostly RB 23626 99 33 in in IN 23626 99 34 the the DT 23626 99 35 form form NN 23626 99 36 of of IN 23626 99 37 oxides oxide NNS 23626 99 38 , , , 23626 99 39 in in IN 23626 99 40 chrysoberyl chrysoberyl NNP 23626 99 41 , , , 23626 99 42 spinel spinel NNP 23626 99 43 , , , 23626 99 44 and and CC 23626 99 45 the the DT 23626 99 46 like like JJ 23626 99 47 . . . 23626 100 1 This this DT 23626 100 2 silica silica NN 23626 100 3 group group NN 23626 100 4 is be VBZ 23626 100 5 extremely extremely RB 23626 100 6 interesting interesting JJ 23626 100 7 , , , 23626 100 8 for for IN 23626 100 9 in in IN 23626 100 10 it -PRON- PRP 23626 100 11 , , , 23626 100 12 with with IN 23626 100 13 the the DT 23626 100 14 exception exception NN 23626 100 15 of of IN 23626 100 16 the the DT 23626 100 17 tourmaline tourmaline NN 23626 100 18 and and CC 23626 100 19 a a DT 23626 100 20 few few JJ 23626 100 21 others other NNS 23626 100 22 , , , 23626 100 23 the the DT 23626 100 24 composition composition NN 23626 100 25 of of IN 23626 100 26 the the DT 23626 100 27 gems gem NNS 23626 100 28 is be VBZ 23626 100 29 very very RB 23626 100 30 simple simple JJ 23626 100 31 , , , 23626 100 32 and and CC 23626 100 33 we -PRON- PRP 23626 100 34 find find VBP 23626 100 35 in in IN 23626 100 36 this this DT 23626 100 37 group group NN 23626 100 38 such such JJ 23626 100 39 stones stone NNS 23626 100 40 as as IN 23626 100 41 the the DT 23626 100 42 chrysolite chrysolite NN 23626 100 43 , , , 23626 100 44 several several JJ 23626 100 45 varieties variety NNS 23626 100 46 of of IN 23626 100 47 topaz topaz NN 23626 100 48 , , , 23626 100 49 the the DT 23626 100 50 garnet garnet NN 23626 100 51 , , , 23626 100 52 emerald emerald NN 23626 100 53 , , , 23626 100 54 etc etc FW 23626 100 55 . . FW 23626 100 56 , , , 23626 100 57 etc etc FW 23626 100 58 . . . 23626 101 1 Malachite malachite JJ 23626 101 2 and and CC 23626 101 3 similar similar JJ 23626 101 4 stones stone NNS 23626 101 5 are be VBP 23626 101 6 more more RBR 23626 101 7 ornamental ornamental JJ 23626 101 8 than than IN 23626 101 9 precious precious JJ 23626 101 10 , , , 23626 101 11 though though IN 23626 101 12 they -PRON- PRP 23626 101 13 come come VBP 23626 101 14 in in IN 23626 101 15 the the DT 23626 101 16 category category NN 23626 101 17 of of IN 23626 101 18 precious precious JJ 23626 101 19 stones stone NNS 23626 101 20 . . . 23626 102 1 These these DT 23626 102 2 are be VBP 23626 102 3 the the DT 23626 102 4 carbonate carbonate JJ 23626 102 5 series series NN 23626 102 6 , , , 23626 102 7 containing contain VBG 23626 102 8 much much JJ 23626 102 9 carbonic carbonic JJ 23626 102 10 acid acid NN 23626 102 11 , , , 23626 102 12 and and CC 23626 102 13 , , , 23626 102 14 as as IN 23626 102 15 may may MD 23626 102 16 be be VB 23626 102 17 expected expect VBN 23626 102 18 , , , 23626 102 19 a a DT 23626 102 20 considerable considerable JJ 23626 102 21 proportion proportion NN 23626 102 22 of of IN 23626 102 23 water water NN 23626 102 24 in in IN 23626 102 25 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 102 26 composition composition NN 23626 102 27 , , , 23626 102 28 which which WDT 23626 102 29 water water NN 23626 102 30 can can MD 23626 102 31 , , , 23626 102 32 of of IN 23626 102 33 course course NN 23626 102 34 , , , 23626 102 35 be be VB 23626 102 36 dispelled dispel VBN 23626 102 37 by by IN 23626 102 38 the the DT 23626 102 39 application application NN 23626 102 40 of of IN 23626 102 41 heat heat NN 23626 102 42 , , , 23626 102 43 but but CC 23626 102 44 to to IN 23626 102 45 the the DT 23626 102 46 destruction destruction NN 23626 102 47 of of IN 23626 102 48 the the DT 23626 102 49 stone stone NN 23626 102 50 . . . 23626 103 1 From from IN 23626 103 2 all all PDT 23626 103 3 this this DT 23626 103 4 will will MD 23626 103 5 be be VB 23626 103 6 seen see VBN 23626 103 7 how how WRB 23626 103 8 strong strong JJ 23626 103 9 is be VBZ 23626 103 10 the the DT 23626 103 11 theory theory NN 23626 103 12 of of IN 23626 103 13 aqueous aqueous JJ 23626 103 14 percolation percolation NN 23626 103 15 , , , 23626 103 16 for for IN 23626 103 17 , , , 23626 103 18 given give VBN 23626 103 19 time time NN 23626 103 20 and and CC 23626 103 21 pressure pressure NN 23626 103 22 , , , 23626 103 23 water water NN 23626 103 24 charged charge VBN 23626 103 25 with with IN 23626 103 26 earth earth NN 23626 103 27 - - HYPH 23626 103 28 crust crust NN 23626 103 29 constituents constituent NNS 23626 103 30 appears appear VBZ 23626 103 31 to to TO 23626 103 32 be be VB 23626 103 33 the the DT 23626 103 34 origin origin NN 23626 103 35 of of IN 23626 103 36 the the DT 23626 103 37 formation formation NN 23626 103 38 of of IN 23626 103 39 all all DT 23626 103 40 precious precious JJ 23626 103 41 stones stone NNS 23626 103 42 ; ; : 23626 103 43 and and CC 23626 103 44 all all PDT 23626 103 45 the the DT 23626 103 46 precious precious JJ 23626 103 47 stones stone NNS 23626 103 48 known know VBN 23626 103 49 have have VBP 23626 103 50 , , , 23626 103 51 when when WRB 23626 103 52 analysed analyse VBN 23626 103 53 , , , 23626 103 54 been be VBN 23626 103 55 found find VBN 23626 103 56 to to TO 23626 103 57 be be VB 23626 103 58 almost almost RB 23626 103 59 exclusively exclusively RB 23626 103 60 composed compose VBN 23626 103 61 of of IN 23626 103 62 upper upper JJ 23626 103 63 - - HYPH 23626 103 64 earth earth NN 23626 103 65 - - HYPH 23626 103 66 crust crust NN 23626 103 67 constituents constituent NNS 23626 103 68 ; ; : 23626 103 69 the the DT 23626 103 70 other other JJ 23626 103 71 compounds compound NNS 23626 103 72 which which WDT 23626 103 73 certain certain JJ 23626 103 74 stones stone NNS 23626 103 75 contain contain VBP 23626 103 76 may may MD 23626 103 77 , , , 23626 103 78 in in IN 23626 103 79 all all DT 23626 103 80 cases case NNS 23626 103 81 , , , 23626 103 82 be be VB 23626 103 83 traced trace VBN 23626 103 84 to to IN 23626 103 85 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 103 86 matrix matrix NN 23626 103 87 , , , 23626 103 88 or or CC 23626 103 89 to to IN 23626 103 90 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 103 91 geological geological JJ 23626 103 92 or or CC 23626 103 93 mineralogical mineralogical JJ 23626 103 94 situation situation NN 23626 103 95 . . . 23626 104 1 In in IN 23626 104 2 contradistinction contradistinction NN 23626 104 3 to to IN 23626 104 4 this this DT 23626 104 5 , , , 23626 104 6 the the DT 23626 104 7 essentially essentially RB 23626 104 8 underground underground JJ 23626 104 9 liquids liquid NNS 23626 104 10 , , , 23626 104 11 with with IN 23626 104 12 time time NN 23626 104 13 and and CC 23626 104 14 pressure pressure NN 23626 104 15 , , , 23626 104 16 form form VB 23626 104 17 metallic metallic JJ 23626 104 18 minerals mineral NNS 23626 104 19 and and CC 23626 104 20 mineralise mineralise VB 23626 104 21 the the DT 23626 104 22 rocks rock NNS 23626 104 23 , , , 23626 104 24 instead instead RB 23626 104 25 of of IN 23626 104 26 forming form VBG 23626 104 27 gems gem NNS 23626 104 28 . . . 23626 105 1 Thus thus RB 23626 105 2 we -PRON- PRP 23626 105 3 see see VBP 23626 105 4 that that IN 23626 105 5 in in IN 23626 105 6 a a DT 23626 105 7 different different JJ 23626 105 8 class class NN 23626 105 9 of of IN 23626 105 10 minerals mineral NNS 23626 105 11 -- -- : 23626 105 12 compounds compound NNS 23626 105 13 of of IN 23626 105 14 metals metal NNS 23626 105 15 with with IN 23626 105 16 the the DT 23626 105 17 sulphates sulphate NNS 23626 105 18 , , , 23626 105 19 such such JJ 23626 105 20 as as IN 23626 105 21 sulphuric sulphuric JJ 23626 105 22 acid acid NN 23626 105 23 and and CC 23626 105 24 compounds compound NNS 23626 105 25 ; ; : 23626 105 26 also also RB 23626 105 27 those those DT 23626 105 28 containing contain VBG 23626 105 29 the the DT 23626 105 30 metallic metallic JJ 23626 105 31 sulphides sulphide NNS 23626 105 32 ; ; : 23626 105 33 in in IN 23626 105 34 cases case NNS 23626 105 35 where where WRB 23626 105 36 the the DT 23626 105 37 metalliferous metalliferous JJ 23626 105 38 ores ore NNS 23626 105 39 or or CC 23626 105 40 the the DT 23626 105 41 metallic metallic JJ 23626 105 42 elements element NNS 23626 105 43 enter enter VBP 23626 105 44 into into IN 23626 105 45 composition composition NN 23626 105 46 with with IN 23626 105 47 the the DT 23626 105 48 halogens halogens NNPS 23626 105 49 -- -- : 23626 105 50 bromine bromine NN 23626 105 51 , , , 23626 105 52 chlorine chlorine NN 23626 105 53 , , , 23626 105 54 fluorine fluorine NN 23626 105 55 , , , 23626 105 56 and and CC 23626 105 57 iodine iodine NN 23626 105 58 -- -- : 23626 105 59 in in IN 23626 105 60 all all PDT 23626 105 61 these these DT 23626 105 62 , , , 23626 105 63 precious precious JJ 23626 105 64 stones stone NNS 23626 105 65 are be VBP 23626 105 66 comparatively comparatively RB 23626 105 67 common common JJ 23626 105 68 , , , 23626 105 69 but but CC 23626 105 70 the the DT 23626 105 71 stones stone NNS 23626 105 72 of of IN 23626 105 73 these these DT 23626 105 74 groups group NNS 23626 105 75 are be VBP 23626 105 76 invariably invariably RB 23626 105 77 those those DT 23626 105 78 used use VBN 23626 105 79 for for IN 23626 105 80 decorative decorative JJ 23626 105 81 or or CC 23626 105 82 ornamental ornamental JJ 23626 105 83 purposes purpose NNS 23626 105 84 , , , 23626 105 85 and and CC 23626 105 86 true true JJ 23626 105 87 " " `` 23626 105 88 gems gem NNS 23626 105 89 " " '' 23626 105 90 are be VBP 23626 105 91 entirely entirely RB 23626 105 92 absent absent JJ 23626 105 93 . . . 23626 106 1 It -PRON- PRP 23626 106 2 would would MD 23626 106 3 therefore therefore RB 23626 106 4 appear appear VB 23626 106 5 that that IN 23626 106 6 though though IN 23626 106 7 metallic metallic JJ 23626 106 8 minerals mineral NNS 23626 106 9 , , , 23626 106 10 as as IN 23626 106 11 already already RB 23626 106 12 mentioned mention VBN 23626 106 13 , , , 23626 106 14 are be VBP 23626 106 15 formed form VBN 23626 106 16 by by IN 23626 106 17 the the DT 23626 106 18 action action NN 23626 106 19 of of IN 23626 106 20 essentially essentially RB 23626 106 21 _ _ NNP 23626 106 22 underground underground RB 23626 106 23 _ _ NNP 23626 106 24 chemically chemically RB 23626 106 25 - - HYPH 23626 106 26 charged charge VBN 23626 106 27 water water NN 23626 106 28 -- -- : 23626 106 29 combined combine VBN 23626 106 30 with with IN 23626 106 31 ages age NNS 23626 106 32 of of IN 23626 106 33 time time NN 23626 106 34 and and CC 23626 106 35 long long RB 23626 106 36 - - HYPH 23626 106 37 continued continue VBN 23626 106 38 pressure pressure NN 23626 106 39 , , , 23626 106 40 rocks rock NNS 23626 106 41 and and CC 23626 106 42 earth earth NN 23626 106 43 being be VBG 23626 106 44 transformed transform VBN 23626 106 45 into into IN 23626 106 46 metalliferous metalliferous JJ 23626 106 47 ores ore NNS 23626 106 48 by by IN 23626 106 49 the the DT 23626 106 50 same same JJ 23626 106 51 means mean NNS 23626 106 52 -- -- : 23626 106 53 precious precious JJ 23626 106 54 stones stone NNS 23626 106 55 ( ( -LRB- 23626 106 56 or or CC 23626 106 57 that that DT 23626 106 58 portion portion NN 23626 106 59 of of IN 23626 106 60 them -PRON- PRP 23626 106 61 ranking rank VBG 23626 106 62 as as IN 23626 106 63 jewels jewel NNS 23626 106 64 or or CC 23626 106 65 gems gem NNS 23626 106 66 ) ) -RRB- 23626 106 67 must must MD 23626 106 68 on on IN 23626 106 69 the the DT 23626 106 70 contrary contrary NN 23626 106 71 be be VB 23626 106 72 wholly wholly RB 23626 106 73 , , , 23626 106 74 or or CC 23626 106 75 almost almost RB 23626 106 76 wholly wholly RB 23626 106 77 , , , 23626 106 78 composed compose VBN 23626 106 79 of of IN 23626 106 80 _ _ NNP 23626 106 81 upper_-earth upper_-earth NNP 23626 106 82 - - HYPH 23626 106 83 crust crust NN 23626 106 84 materials material NNS 23626 106 85 , , , 23626 106 86 carried carry VBN 23626 106 87 deep deep RB 23626 106 88 down down RB 23626 106 89 by by IN 23626 106 90 water water NN 23626 106 91 , , , 23626 106 92 and and CC 23626 106 93 subjected subject VBN 23626 106 94 to to IN 23626 106 95 the the DT 23626 106 96 action action NN 23626 106 97 of of IN 23626 106 98 the the DT 23626 106 99 same same JJ 23626 106 100 time time NN 23626 106 101 and and CC 23626 106 102 pressure pressure NN 23626 106 103 ; ; : 23626 106 104 the the DT 23626 106 105 simpler simple JJR 23626 106 106 the the DT 23626 106 107 compound compound NN 23626 106 108 , , , 23626 106 109 the the DT 23626 106 110 more more RBR 23626 106 111 perfect perfect JJ 23626 106 112 and and CC 23626 106 113 important important JJ 23626 106 114 the the DT 23626 106 115 result result NN 23626 106 116 , , , 23626 106 117 as as IN 23626 106 118 seen see VBN 23626 106 119 in in IN 23626 106 120 the the DT 23626 106 121 diamond diamond NN 23626 106 122 , , , 23626 106 123 the the DT 23626 106 124 ruby ruby NNP 23626 106 125 , , , 23626 106 126 and and CC 23626 106 127 the the DT 23626 106 128 like like JJ 23626 106 129 . . . 23626 107 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 23626 107 2 III III NNP 23626 107 3 . . . 23626 108 1 PHYSICAL PHYSICAL NNP 23626 108 2 PROPERTIES PROPERTIES NNP 23626 108 3 . . . 23626 109 1 A a DT 23626 109 2 -- -- : 23626 109 3 CRYSTALLINE crystalline NN 23626 109 4 STRUCTURE STRUCTURE NNP 23626 109 5 . . . 23626 110 1 Before before IN 23626 110 2 proceeding proceed VBG 23626 110 3 to to IN 23626 110 4 the the DT 23626 110 5 study study NN 23626 110 6 of of IN 23626 110 7 precious precious JJ 23626 110 8 stones stone NNS 23626 110 9 as as IN 23626 110 10 individual individual JJ 23626 110 11 gems gem NNS 23626 110 12 , , , 23626 110 13 certain certain JJ 23626 110 14 physical physical JJ 23626 110 15 properties property NNS 23626 110 16 common common JJ 23626 110 17 to to IN 23626 110 18 all all DT 23626 110 19 must must MD 23626 110 20 be be VB 23626 110 21 discussed discuss VBN 23626 110 22 , , , 23626 110 23 in in IN 23626 110 24 order order NN 23626 110 25 to to TO 23626 110 26 bring bring VB 23626 110 27 the the DT 23626 110 28 gems gem NNS 23626 110 29 into into IN 23626 110 30 separate separate JJ 23626 110 31 classes class NNS 23626 110 32 , , , 23626 110 33 not not RB 23626 110 34 only only RB 23626 110 35 because because IN 23626 110 36 of of IN 23626 110 37 some some DT 23626 110 38 chemical chemical NN 23626 110 39 uniformity uniformity NN 23626 110 40 , , , 23626 110 41 but but CC 23626 110 42 also also RB 23626 110 43 because because IN 23626 110 44 of of IN 23626 110 45 the the DT 23626 110 46 unity unity NN 23626 110 47 which which WDT 23626 110 48 exists exist VBZ 23626 110 49 between between IN 23626 110 50 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 110 51 physical physical JJ 23626 110 52 formation formation NN 23626 110 53 and and CC 23626 110 54 properties property NNS 23626 110 55 . . . 23626 111 1 The the DT 23626 111 2 first first JJ 23626 111 3 consideration consideration NN 23626 111 4 , , , 23626 111 5 therefore therefore RB 23626 111 6 , , , 23626 111 7 may may MD 23626 111 8 advisedly advisedly RB 23626 111 9 be be VB 23626 111 10 that that DT 23626 111 11 of of IN 23626 111 12 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 111 13 crystals crystal NNS 23626 111 14 , , , 23626 111 15 since since IN 23626 111 16 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 111 17 crystalline crystalline NN 23626 111 18 structure structure NN 23626 111 19 forms form VBZ 23626 111 20 a a DT 23626 111 21 ready ready JJ 23626 111 22 means mean NNS 23626 111 23 for for IN 23626 111 24 the the DT 23626 111 25 classification classification NN 23626 111 26 of of IN 23626 111 27 stones stone NNS 23626 111 28 , , , 23626 111 29 and and CC 23626 111 30 indeed indeed RB 23626 111 31 for for IN 23626 111 32 that that DT 23626 111 33 of of IN 23626 111 34 a a DT 23626 111 35 multitudinous multitudinous JJ 23626 111 36 variety variety NN 23626 111 37 of of IN 23626 111 38 substances substance NNS 23626 111 39 . . . 23626 112 1 It -PRON- PRP 23626 112 2 is be VBZ 23626 112 3 one one CD 23626 112 4 of of IN 23626 112 5 the the DT 23626 112 6 many many JJ 23626 112 7 marvellous marvellous JJ 23626 112 8 phenomena phenomenon NNS 23626 112 9 of of IN 23626 112 10 nature nature NN 23626 112 11 that that DT 23626 112 12 mineral mineral NN 23626 112 13 , , , 23626 112 14 as as RB 23626 112 15 well well RB 23626 112 16 as as IN 23626 112 17 many many JJ 23626 112 18 vegetable vegetable NN 23626 112 19 and and CC 23626 112 20 animal animal NN 23626 112 21 substances substance NNS 23626 112 22 , , , 23626 112 23 on on IN 23626 112 24 entering enter VBG 23626 112 25 into into IN 23626 112 26 a a DT 23626 112 27 state state NN 23626 112 28 of of IN 23626 112 29 solidity solidity NN 23626 112 30 , , , 23626 112 31 take take VB 23626 112 32 upon upon IN 23626 112 33 themselves -PRON- PRP 23626 112 34 a a DT 23626 112 35 definite definite JJ 23626 112 36 form form NN 23626 112 37 called call VBD 23626 112 38 a a DT 23626 112 39 crystal crystal NN 23626 112 40 . . . 23626 113 1 These these DT 23626 113 2 crystals crystal NNS 23626 113 3 build build VBP 23626 113 4 themselves -PRON- PRP 23626 113 5 round round VB 23626 113 6 an an DT 23626 113 7 axis axi NNS 23626 113 8 or or CC 23626 113 9 axes axis NNS 23626 113 10 with with IN 23626 113 11 wonderful wonderful JJ 23626 113 12 regularity regularity NN 23626 113 13 , , , 23626 113 14 and and CC 23626 113 15 it -PRON- PRP 23626 113 16 has have VBZ 23626 113 17 been be VBN 23626 113 18 found find VBN 23626 113 19 , , , 23626 113 20 speaking speak VBG 23626 113 21 broadly broadly RB 23626 113 22 , , , 23626 113 23 that that IN 23626 113 24 the the DT 23626 113 25 same same JJ 23626 113 26 substance substance NN 23626 113 27 gives give VBZ 23626 113 28 the the DT 23626 113 29 same same JJ 23626 113 30 crystal crystal NN 23626 113 31 , , , 23626 113 32 no no RB 23626 113 33 matter matter RB 23626 113 34 how how WRB 23626 113 35 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 113 36 character character NN 23626 113 37 may may MD 23626 113 38 be be VB 23626 113 39 altered alter VBN 23626 113 40 by by IN 23626 113 41 colour colour NN 23626 113 42 or or CC 23626 113 43 other other JJ 23626 113 44 means mean NNS 23626 113 45 . . . 23626 114 1 Even even RB 23626 114 2 when when WRB 23626 114 3 mixed mix VBN 23626 114 4 with with IN 23626 114 5 other other JJ 23626 114 6 crystallisable crystallisable JJ 23626 114 7 substances substance NNS 23626 114 8 , , , 23626 114 9 the the DT 23626 114 10 resulting result VBG 23626 114 11 crystals crystal NNS 23626 114 12 may may MD 23626 114 13 partake partake VB 23626 114 14 of of IN 23626 114 15 the the DT 23626 114 16 two two CD 23626 114 17 varieties variety NNS 23626 114 18 and and CC 23626 114 19 become become VB 23626 114 20 a a DT 23626 114 21 sort sort NN 23626 114 22 of of IN 23626 114 23 composite composite JJ 23626 114 24 , , , 23626 114 25 yet yet RB 23626 114 26 to to IN 23626 114 27 the the DT 23626 114 28 physicist physicist NN 23626 114 29 they -PRON- PRP 23626 114 30 are be VBP 23626 114 31 read read VBN 23626 114 32 like like IN 23626 114 33 an an DT 23626 114 34 open open JJ 23626 114 35 book book NN 23626 114 36 , , , 23626 114 37 and and CC 23626 114 38 when when WRB 23626 114 39 separated separate VBN 23626 114 40 by by IN 23626 114 41 analysis analysis NN 23626 114 42 they -PRON- PRP 23626 114 43 at at IN 23626 114 44 once once IN 23626 114 45 revert revert VB 23626 114 46 to to IN 23626 114 47 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 114 48 original original JJ 23626 114 49 form form NN 23626 114 50 . . . 23626 115 1 On on IN 23626 115 2 this this DT 23626 115 3 property property NN 23626 115 4 the the DT 23626 115 5 analyst analyst NN 23626 115 6 depends depend VBZ 23626 115 7 largely largely RB 23626 115 8 for for IN 23626 115 9 his -PRON- PRP$ 23626 115 10 results result NNS 23626 115 11 , , , 23626 115 12 for for IN 23626 115 13 in in IN 23626 115 14 such such JJ 23626 115 15 matters matter NNS 23626 115 16 as as IN 23626 115 17 food food NN 23626 115 18 adulteration adulteration NN 23626 115 19 , , , 23626 115 20 etc etc FW 23626 115 21 . . FW 23626 115 22 , , , 23626 115 23 the the DT 23626 115 24 microscope microscope NN 23626 115 25 unerringly unerringly RB 23626 115 26 reveals reveal VBZ 23626 115 27 impurities impurity NNS 23626 115 28 by by IN 23626 115 29 means mean NNS 23626 115 30 of of IN 23626 115 31 the the DT 23626 115 32 crystals crystal NNS 23626 115 33 alone alone RB 23626 115 34 , , , 23626 115 35 apart apart RB 23626 115 36 from from IN 23626 115 37 other other JJ 23626 115 38 evidences evidence NNS 23626 115 39 . . . 23626 116 1 It -PRON- PRP 23626 116 2 is be VBZ 23626 116 3 most most RBS 23626 116 4 curious curious JJ 23626 116 5 , , , 23626 116 6 too too RB 23626 116 7 , , , 23626 116 8 to to TO 23626 116 9 note note VB 23626 116 10 that that IN 23626 116 11 no no RB 23626 116 12 matter matter RB 23626 116 13 how how WRB 23626 116 14 large large JJ 23626 116 15 a a DT 23626 116 16 crystal crystal NN 23626 116 17 may may MD 23626 116 18 be be VB 23626 116 19 , , , 23626 116 20 when when WRB 23626 116 21 reduced reduce VBN 23626 116 22 even even RB 23626 116 23 to to IN 23626 116 24 small small JJ 23626 116 25 size size NN 23626 116 26 it -PRON- PRP 23626 116 27 will will MD 23626 116 28 be be VB 23626 116 29 found find VBN 23626 116 30 that that IN 23626 116 31 the the DT 23626 116 32 crystals crystal NNS 23626 116 33 are be VBP 23626 116 34 still still RB 23626 116 35 of of IN 23626 116 36 the the DT 23626 116 37 same same JJ 23626 116 38 shape shape NN 23626 116 39 . . . 23626 117 1 If if IN 23626 117 2 this this DT 23626 117 3 process process NN 23626 117 4 is be VBZ 23626 117 5 taken take VBN 23626 117 6 still still RB 23626 117 7 further far RBR 23626 117 8 , , , 23626 117 9 and and CC 23626 117 10 the the DT 23626 117 11 substance substance NN 23626 117 12 is be VBZ 23626 117 13 ground grind VBN 23626 117 14 to to IN 23626 117 15 the the DT 23626 117 16 finest fine JJS 23626 117 17 impalpable impalpable JJ 23626 117 18 powder powder NN 23626 117 19 , , , 23626 117 20 as as RB 23626 117 21 fine fine JJ 23626 117 22 as as IN 23626 117 23 floating float VBG 23626 117 24 dust dust NN 23626 117 25 , , , 23626 117 26 when when WRB 23626 117 27 placed place VBN 23626 117 28 under under IN 23626 117 29 the the DT 23626 117 30 microscope microscope NN 23626 117 31 each each DT 23626 117 32 speck speck NN 23626 117 33 , , , 23626 117 34 though though IN 23626 117 35 perhaps perhaps RB 23626 117 36 invisible invisible JJ 23626 117 37 to to IN 23626 117 38 the the DT 23626 117 39 naked naked JJ 23626 117 40 eye eye NN 23626 117 41 , , , 23626 117 42 will will MD 23626 117 43 be be VB 23626 117 44 seen see VBN 23626 117 45 a a DT 23626 117 46 perfect perfect JJ 23626 117 47 crystal crystal NN 23626 117 48 , , , 23626 117 49 of of IN 23626 117 50 the the DT 23626 117 51 identical identical JJ 23626 117 52 shape shape NN 23626 117 53 as as IN 23626 117 54 that that DT 23626 117 55 from from IN 23626 117 56 which which WDT 23626 117 57 it -PRON- PRP 23626 117 58 came come VBD 23626 117 59 , , , 23626 117 60 one one CD 23626 117 61 so so RB 23626 117 62 large large JJ 23626 117 63 maybe maybe RB 23626 117 64 that that IN 23626 117 65 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 117 66 planes plane NNS 23626 117 67 and and CC 23626 117 68 angles angle NNS 23626 117 69 might may MD 23626 117 70 have have VB 23626 117 71 been be VBN 23626 117 72 measured measure VBN 23626 117 73 and and CC 23626 117 74 defined define VBN 23626 117 75 by by IN 23626 117 76 rule rule NN 23626 117 77 and and CC 23626 117 78 compass compass NN 23626 117 79 . . . 23626 118 1 This this DT 23626 118 2 shows show VBZ 23626 118 3 how how WRB 23626 118 4 impossible impossible JJ 23626 118 5 it -PRON- PRP 23626 118 6 is be VBZ 23626 118 7 to to TO 23626 118 8 alter alter VB 23626 118 9 the the DT 23626 118 10 shape shape NN 23626 118 11 of of IN 23626 118 12 a a DT 23626 118 13 crystal crystal NN 23626 118 14 . . . 23626 119 1 We -PRON- PRP 23626 119 2 may may MD 23626 119 3 dissolve dissolve VB 23626 119 4 it -PRON- PRP 23626 119 5 , , , 23626 119 6 pour pour VB 23626 119 7 the the DT 23626 119 8 solution solution NN 23626 119 9 into into IN 23626 119 10 any any DT 23626 119 11 shaped shape VBN 23626 119 12 vessel vessel NN 23626 119 13 or or CC 23626 119 14 mould mould NN 23626 119 15 we -PRON- PRP 23626 119 16 desire desire VBP 23626 119 17 , , , 23626 119 18 recrystallise recrystallise VB 23626 119 19 it -PRON- PRP 23626 119 20 and and CC 23626 119 21 obtain obtain VB 23626 119 22 a a DT 23626 119 23 solid solid JJ 23626 119 24 sphere sphere NN 23626 119 25 , , , 23626 119 26 triangle triangle NNP 23626 119 27 , , , 23626 119 28 square square NN 23626 119 29 , , , 23626 119 30 or or CC 23626 119 31 any any DT 23626 119 32 other other JJ 23626 119 33 form form NN 23626 119 34 ; ; : 23626 119 35 it -PRON- PRP 23626 119 36 is be VBZ 23626 119 37 also also RB 23626 119 38 possible possible JJ 23626 119 39 , , , 23626 119 40 in in IN 23626 119 41 many many JJ 23626 119 42 cases case NNS 23626 119 43 , , , 23626 119 44 to to TO 23626 119 45 squeeze squeeze VB 23626 119 46 the the DT 23626 119 47 crystal crystal NN 23626 119 48 by by IN 23626 119 49 pressure pressure NN 23626 119 50 into into IN 23626 119 51 a a DT 23626 119 52 tablet tablet NN 23626 119 53 , , , 23626 119 54 or or CC 23626 119 55 any any DT 23626 119 56 form form NN 23626 119 57 we -PRON- PRP 23626 119 58 choose choose VBP 23626 119 59 , , , 23626 119 60 but but CC 23626 119 61 in in IN 23626 119 62 each each DT 23626 119 63 case case NN 23626 119 64 we -PRON- PRP 23626 119 65 have have VBP 23626 119 66 merely merely RB 23626 119 67 altered alter VBN 23626 119 68 the the DT 23626 119 69 _ _ NNP 23626 119 70 arrangement arrangement NN 23626 119 71 _ _ NNP 23626 119 72 of of IN 23626 119 73 the the DT 23626 119 74 crystals crystal NNS 23626 119 75 , , , 23626 119 76 so so IN 23626 119 77 as as IN 23626 119 78 to to TO 23626 119 79 produce produce VB 23626 119 80 a a DT 23626 119 81 differently differently RB 23626 119 82 shaped shape VBN 23626 119 83 _ _ NNP 23626 119 84 mass mass NN 23626 119 85 _ _ NNP 23626 119 86 , , , 23626 119 87 the the DT 23626 119 88 crystals crystal NNS 23626 119 89 themselves -PRON- PRP 23626 119 90 remaining remain VBG 23626 119 91 individually individually RB 23626 119 92 as as IN 23626 119 93 before before RB 23626 119 94 . . . 23626 120 1 Such such JJ 23626 120 2 can can MD 23626 120 3 be be VB 23626 120 4 said say VBN 23626 120 5 to to TO 23626 120 6 be be VB 23626 120 7 one one CD 23626 120 8 of of IN 23626 120 9 the the DT 23626 120 10 laws law NNS 23626 120 11 of of IN 23626 120 12 crystals crystal NNS 23626 120 13 , , , 23626 120 14 and and CC 23626 120 15 as as IN 23626 120 16 it -PRON- PRP 23626 120 17 is be VBZ 23626 120 18 found find VBN 23626 120 19 that that IN 23626 120 20 every every DT 23626 120 21 substance substance NN 23626 120 22 has have VBZ 23626 120 23 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 120 24 own own JJ 23626 120 25 form form NN 23626 120 26 of of IN 23626 120 27 crystal crystal NN 23626 120 28 , , , 23626 120 29 a a DT 23626 120 30 science science NN 23626 120 31 , , , 23626 120 32 or or CC 23626 120 33 branch branch NN 23626 120 34 of of IN 23626 120 35 mineralogy mineralogy NN 23626 120 36 , , , 23626 120 37 has have VBZ 23626 120 38 arisen arise VBN 23626 120 39 , , , 23626 120 40 called call VBN 23626 120 41 " " `` 23626 120 42 crystallography crystallography NN 23626 120 43 , , , 23626 120 44 " " '' 23626 120 45 and and CC 23626 120 46 out out IN 23626 120 47 of of IN 23626 120 48 the the DT 23626 120 49 conglomeration conglomeration NN 23626 120 50 of of IN 23626 120 51 confused confused JJ 23626 120 52 forms form NNS 23626 120 53 there there EX 23626 120 54 have have VBP 23626 120 55 been be VBN 23626 120 56 evolved evolve VBN 23626 120 57 certain certain JJ 23626 120 58 rules rule NNS 23626 120 59 of of IN 23626 120 60 comparison comparison NN 23626 120 61 by by IN 23626 120 62 which which WDT 23626 120 63 all all DT 23626 120 64 known know VBN 23626 120 65 crystals crystal NNS 23626 120 66 may may MD 23626 120 67 be be VB 23626 120 68 classed class VBN 23626 120 69 in in IN 23626 120 70 certain certain JJ 23626 120 71 groups group NNS 23626 120 72 . . . 23626 121 1 This this DT 23626 121 2 is be VBZ 23626 121 3 not not RB 23626 121 4 so so RB 23626 121 5 laborious laborious JJ 23626 121 6 a a DT 23626 121 7 matter matter NN 23626 121 8 as as IN 23626 121 9 would would MD 23626 121 10 appear appear VB 23626 121 11 , , , 23626 121 12 for for IN 23626 121 13 if if IN 23626 121 14 we -PRON- PRP 23626 121 15 take take VBP 23626 121 16 a a DT 23626 121 17 substance substance NN 23626 121 18 which which WDT 23626 121 19 crystallises crystallise VBZ 23626 121 20 in in IN 23626 121 21 a a DT 23626 121 22 cube cube NN 23626 121 23 we -PRON- PRP 23626 121 24 find find VBP 23626 121 25 it -PRON- PRP 23626 121 26 is be VBZ 23626 121 27 possible possible JJ 23626 121 28 to to TO 23626 121 29 draw draw VB 23626 121 30 nine nine CD 23626 121 31 symmetrical symmetrical JJ 23626 121 32 planes plane NNS 23626 121 33 , , , 23626 121 34 these these DT 23626 121 35 being be VBG 23626 121 36 called call VBN 23626 121 37 " " `` 23626 121 38 planes plane NNS 23626 121 39 of of IN 23626 121 40 symmetry symmetry NN 23626 121 41 , , , 23626 121 42 " " '' 23626 121 43 the the DT 23626 121 44 intersections intersection NNS 23626 121 45 of of IN 23626 121 46 one one CD 23626 121 47 or or CC 23626 121 48 more more JJR 23626 121 49 of of IN 23626 121 50 which which WDT 23626 121 51 planes plane NNS 23626 121 52 being be VBG 23626 121 53 called call VBN 23626 121 54 " " `` 23626 121 55 axes axis NNS 23626 121 56 of of IN 23626 121 57 symmetry symmetry NN 23626 121 58 . . . 23626 121 59 " " '' 23626 122 1 So so IN 23626 122 2 that that IN 23626 122 3 in in IN 23626 122 4 the the DT 23626 122 5 nine nine CD 23626 122 6 planes plane NNS 23626 122 7 of of IN 23626 122 8 symmetry symmetry NN 23626 122 9 of of IN 23626 122 10 the the DT 23626 122 11 cube cube NN 23626 122 12 we -PRON- PRP 23626 122 13 get get VBP 23626 122 14 three three CD 23626 122 15 axes axis NNS 23626 122 16 , , , 23626 122 17 each each DT 23626 122 18 running run VBG 23626 122 19 through through IN 23626 122 20 to to IN 23626 122 21 the the DT 23626 122 22 opposite opposite JJ 23626 122 23 side side NN 23626 122 24 of of IN 23626 122 25 the the DT 23626 122 26 cube cube NN 23626 122 27 . . . 23626 123 1 One one CD 23626 123 2 will will MD 23626 123 3 be be VB 23626 123 4 through through IN 23626 123 5 the the DT 23626 123 6 centre centre NN 23626 123 7 of of IN 23626 123 8 a a DT 23626 123 9 face face NN 23626 123 10 to to IN 23626 123 11 the the DT 23626 123 12 opposite opposite JJ 23626 123 13 face face NN 23626 123 14 ; ; : 23626 123 15 a a DT 23626 123 16 second second NN 23626 123 17 will will MD 23626 123 18 be be VB 23626 123 19 through through IN 23626 123 20 the the DT 23626 123 21 centre centre NN 23626 123 22 of of IN 23626 123 23 one one CD 23626 123 24 edge edge NN 23626 123 25 diagonally diagonally RB 23626 123 26 ; ; : 23626 123 27 the the DT 23626 123 28 third third NN 23626 123 29 will will MD 23626 123 30 be be VB 23626 123 31 found find VBN 23626 123 32 in in IN 23626 123 33 a a DT 23626 123 34 line line NN 23626 123 35 running run VBG 23626 123 36 diagonally diagonally RB 23626 123 37 from from IN 23626 123 38 one one CD 23626 123 39 point point NN 23626 123 40 to to IN 23626 123 41 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 123 42 opposite opposite NN 23626 123 43 . . . 23626 124 1 On on IN 23626 124 2 turning turn VBG 23626 124 3 the the DT 23626 124 4 cube cube NN 23626 124 5 on on IN 23626 124 6 these these DT 23626 124 7 three three CD 23626 124 8 axes axis NNS 23626 124 9 -- -- : 23626 124 10 as as IN 23626 124 11 , , , 23626 124 12 for for IN 23626 124 13 example example NN 23626 124 14 , , , 23626 124 15 a a DT 23626 124 16 long long JJ 23626 124 17 needle needle NN 23626 124 18 running run VBG 23626 124 19 through through IN 23626 124 20 a a DT 23626 124 21 cube cube NN 23626 124 22 of of IN 23626 124 23 soap soap NN 23626 124 24 -- -- : 23626 124 25 we -PRON- PRP 23626 124 26 shall shall MD 23626 124 27 find find VB 23626 124 28 that that IN 23626 124 29 four four CD 23626 124 30 of of IN 23626 124 31 the the DT 23626 124 32 six six CD 23626 124 33 identical identical JJ 23626 124 34 faces face NNS 23626 124 35 of of IN 23626 124 36 the the DT 23626 124 37 cube cube NN 23626 124 38 are be VBP 23626 124 39 exposed expose VBN 23626 124 40 to to TO 23626 124 41 view view VB 23626 124 42 during during IN 23626 124 43 each each DT 23626 124 44 revolution revolution NN 23626 124 45 of of IN 23626 124 46 the the DT 23626 124 47 cube cube NN 23626 124 48 on on IN 23626 124 49 the the DT 23626 124 50 needle needle NN 23626 124 51 or or CC 23626 124 52 axis axis NN 23626 124 53 . . . 23626 125 1 These these DT 23626 125 2 faces face NNS 23626 125 3 are be VBP 23626 125 4 not not RB 23626 125 5 necessarily necessarily RB 23626 125 6 , , , 23626 125 7 or or CC 23626 125 8 always always RB 23626 125 9 , , , 23626 125 10 planes plane NNS 23626 125 11 , , , 23626 125 12 or or CC 23626 125 13 flat flat JJ 23626 125 14 , , , 23626 125 15 strictly strictly RB 23626 125 16 speaking speak VBG 23626 125 17 , , , 23626 125 18 but but CC 23626 125 19 are be VBP 23626 125 20 often often RB 23626 125 21 more more RBR 23626 125 22 or or CC 23626 125 23 less less RBR 23626 125 24 curved curved JJ 23626 125 25 , , , 23626 125 26 according accord VBG 23626 125 27 to to IN 23626 125 28 the the DT 23626 125 29 shape shape NN 23626 125 30 of of IN 23626 125 31 the the DT 23626 125 32 crystal crystal NN 23626 125 33 , , , 23626 125 34 taking take VBG 23626 125 35 certain certain JJ 23626 125 36 characteristic characteristic JJ 23626 125 37 forms form NNS 23626 125 38 , , , 23626 125 39 such such JJ 23626 125 40 as as IN 23626 125 41 the the DT 23626 125 42 square square JJ 23626 125 43 , , , 23626 125 44 various various JJ 23626 125 45 forms form NNS 23626 125 46 of of IN 23626 125 47 triangles triangle NNS 23626 125 48 , , , 23626 125 49 the the DT 23626 125 50 rectangle rectangle NN 23626 125 51 , , , 23626 125 52 etc etc FW 23626 125 53 . . FW 23626 125 54 , , , 23626 125 55 and and CC 23626 125 56 though though IN 23626 125 57 the the DT 23626 125 58 crystals crystal NNS 23626 125 59 may may MD 23626 125 60 be be VB 23626 125 61 a a DT 23626 125 62 combination combination NN 23626 125 63 of of IN 23626 125 64 several several JJ 23626 125 65 forms form NNS 23626 125 66 , , , 23626 125 67 all all PDT 23626 125 68 the the DT 23626 125 69 faces face NNS 23626 125 70 of of IN 23626 125 71 any any DT 23626 125 72 particular particular JJ 23626 125 73 form form NN 23626 125 74 are be VBP 23626 125 75 similar similar JJ 23626 125 76 . . . 23626 126 1 All all PDT 23626 126 2 the the DT 23626 126 3 crystals crystal NNS 23626 126 4 at at IN 23626 126 5 present present JJ 23626 126 6 known know VBN 23626 126 7 exhibit exhibit NN 23626 126 8 differences difference NNS 23626 126 9 in in IN 23626 126 10 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 126 11 planes plane NNS 23626 126 12 , , , 23626 126 13 axes axis NNS 23626 126 14 and and CC 23626 126 15 lines line NNS 23626 126 16 of of IN 23626 126 17 symmetry symmetry NN 23626 126 18 , , , 23626 126 19 and and CC 23626 126 20 on on IN 23626 126 21 careful careful JJ 23626 126 22 comparison comparison NN 23626 126 23 many many JJ 23626 126 24 of of IN 23626 126 25 them -PRON- PRP 23626 126 26 are be VBP 23626 126 27 found find VBN 23626 126 28 to to TO 23626 126 29 have have VB 23626 126 30 some some DT 23626 126 31 features feature NNS 23626 126 32 in in IN 23626 126 33 common common JJ 23626 126 34 ; ; : 23626 126 35 so so IN 23626 126 36 that that IN 23626 126 37 when when WRB 23626 126 38 they -PRON- PRP 23626 126 39 are be VBP 23626 126 40 sorted sort VBN 23626 126 41 out out RP 23626 126 42 it -PRON- PRP 23626 126 43 is be VBZ 23626 126 44 seen see VBN 23626 126 45 that that IN 23626 126 46 they -PRON- PRP 23626 126 47 are be VBP 23626 126 48 capable capable JJ 23626 126 49 of of IN 23626 126 50 being be VBG 23626 126 51 classified classify VBN 23626 126 52 into into IN 23626 126 53 thirty thirty CD 23626 126 54 - - HYPH 23626 126 55 three three CD 23626 126 56 groups group NNS 23626 126 57 . . . 23626 127 1 Many many JJ 23626 127 2 of of IN 23626 127 3 these these DT 23626 127 4 groups group NNS 23626 127 5 are be VBP 23626 127 6 analogous analogous JJ 23626 127 7 , , , 23626 127 8 so so IN 23626 127 9 that that IN 23626 127 10 on on IN 23626 127 11 analysing analyse VBG 23626 127 12 them -PRON- PRP 23626 127 13 still still RB 23626 127 14 further further RB 23626 127 15 we -PRON- PRP 23626 127 16 find find VBP 23626 127 17 that that IN 23626 127 18 all all PDT 23626 127 19 the the DT 23626 127 20 known know VBN 23626 127 21 crystals crystal NNS 23626 127 22 may may MD 23626 127 23 be be VB 23626 127 24 classed class VBN 23626 127 25 in in IN 23626 127 26 six six CD 23626 127 27 separate separate JJ 23626 127 28 systems system NNS 23626 127 29 according accord VBG 23626 127 30 to to IN 23626 127 31 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 127 32 planes plane NNS 23626 127 33 of of IN 23626 127 34 symmetry symmetry NN 23626 127 35 , , , 23626 127 36 and and CC 23626 127 37 all all DT 23626 127 38 stones stone NNS 23626 127 39 of of IN 23626 127 40 the the DT 23626 127 41 same same JJ 23626 127 42 class class NN 23626 127 43 , , , 23626 127 44 no no RB 23626 127 45 matter matter RB 23626 127 46 what what WP 23626 127 47 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 127 48 variety variety NN 23626 127 49 or or CC 23626 127 50 complexity complexity NN 23626 127 51 may may MD 23626 127 52 be be VB 23626 127 53 , , , 23626 127 54 show show VB 23626 127 55 forms form NNS 23626 127 56 of of IN 23626 127 57 the the DT 23626 127 58 same same JJ 23626 127 59 group group NN 23626 127 60 . . . 23626 128 1 Beginning begin VBG 23626 128 2 with with IN 23626 128 3 the the DT 23626 128 4 highest high JJS 23626 128 5 , , , 23626 128 6 we -PRON- PRP 23626 128 7 have--(1 have--(1 LS 23626 128 8 ) ) -RRB- 23626 128 9 the the DT 23626 128 10 cubic cubic JJ 23626 128 11 system system NN 23626 128 12 , , , 23626 128 13 with with IN 23626 128 14 nine nine CD 23626 128 15 planes plane NNS 23626 128 16 of of IN 23626 128 17 symmetry symmetry NN 23626 128 18 ; ; : 23626 128 19 ( ( -LRB- 23626 128 20 2 2 LS 23626 128 21 ) ) -RRB- 23626 128 22 the the DT 23626 128 23 hexagonal hexagonal NN 23626 128 24 , , , 23626 128 25 with with IN 23626 128 26 seven seven CD 23626 128 27 planes plane NNS 23626 128 28 ; ; : 23626 128 29 ( ( -LRB- 23626 128 30 3 3 LS 23626 128 31 ) ) -RRB- 23626 128 32 the the DT 23626 128 33 tetragonal tetragonal NN 23626 128 34 , , , 23626 128 35 with with IN 23626 128 36 five five CD 23626 128 37 planes plane NNS 23626 128 38 ; ; : 23626 128 39 ( ( -LRB- 23626 128 40 4 4 LS 23626 128 41 ) ) -RRB- 23626 128 42 the the DT 23626 128 43 rhombic rhombic JJ 23626 128 44 , , , 23626 128 45 with with IN 23626 128 46 three three CD 23626 128 47 planes plane NNS 23626 128 48 ; ; , 23626 128 49 ( ( -LRB- 23626 128 50 5 5 LS 23626 128 51 ) ) -RRB- 23626 128 52 the the DT 23626 128 53 monoclinic monoclinic NNP 23626 128 54 , , , 23626 128 55 with with IN 23626 128 56 one one CD 23626 128 57 plane plane NN 23626 128 58 ; ; : 23626 128 59 ( ( -LRB- 23626 128 60 6 6 LS 23626 128 61 ) ) -RRB- 23626 128 62 the the DT 23626 128 63 triclinic triclinic NN 23626 128 64 , , , 23626 128 65 with with IN 23626 128 66 no no DT 23626 128 67 plane plane NN 23626 128 68 of of IN 23626 128 69 symmetry symmetry NN 23626 128 70 at at RB 23626 128 71 all all RB 23626 128 72 . . . 23626 129 1 In in IN 23626 129 2 the the DT 23626 129 3 first first JJ 23626 129 4 , , , 23626 129 5 the the DT 23626 129 6 cubic cubic NN 23626 129 7 -- -- : 23626 129 8 called call VBD 23626 129 9 also also RB 23626 129 10 the the DT 23626 129 11 isometric isometric NN 23626 129 12 , , , 23626 129 13 monometric monometric NN 23626 129 14 , , , 23626 129 15 or or CC 23626 129 16 regular regular JJ 23626 129 17 -- -- : 23626 129 18 there there EX 23626 129 19 are be VBP 23626 129 20 , , , 23626 129 21 as as IN 23626 129 22 we -PRON- PRP 23626 129 23 have have VBP 23626 129 24 seen see VBN 23626 129 25 , , , 23626 129 26 three three CD 23626 129 27 axes axis NNS 23626 129 28 , , , 23626 129 29 all all RB 23626 129 30 at at IN 23626 129 31 right right JJ 23626 129 32 angles angle NNS 23626 129 33 , , , 23626 129 34 all all DT 23626 129 35 of of IN 23626 129 36 them -PRON- PRP 23626 129 37 being be VBG 23626 129 38 equal equal JJ 23626 129 39 . . . 23626 130 1 The the DT 23626 130 2 second second JJ 23626 130 3 , , , 23626 130 4 the the DT 23626 130 5 hexagonal hexagonal JJ 23626 130 6 system system NN 23626 130 7 -- -- : 23626 130 8 called call VBD 23626 130 9 also also RB 23626 130 10 the the DT 23626 130 11 rhombohedral rhombohedral JJ 23626 130 12 -- -- : 23626 130 13 is be VBZ 23626 130 14 different different JJ 23626 130 15 from from IN 23626 130 16 the the DT 23626 130 17 others other NNS 23626 130 18 in in IN 23626 130 19 having have VBG 23626 130 20 four four CD 23626 130 21 axes axis NNS 23626 130 22 , , , 23626 130 23 three three CD 23626 130 24 of of IN 23626 130 25 them -PRON- PRP 23626 130 26 equal equal JJ 23626 130 27 and and CC 23626 130 28 in in IN 23626 130 29 one one CD 23626 130 30 plane plane NN 23626 130 31 and and CC 23626 130 32 all all DT 23626 130 33 at at IN 23626 130 34 120 120 CD 23626 130 35 ° ° NNS 23626 130 36 to to IN 23626 130 37 each each DT 23626 130 38 other other JJ 23626 130 39 ; ; : 23626 130 40 the the DT 23626 130 41 fourth fourth JJ 23626 130 42 axis axis NN 23626 130 43 is be VBZ 23626 130 44 not not RB 23626 130 45 always always RB 23626 130 46 equal equal JJ 23626 130 47 to to IN 23626 130 48 these these DT 23626 130 49 three three CD 23626 130 50 . . . 23626 131 1 It -PRON- PRP 23626 131 2 may may MD 23626 131 3 be be VB 23626 131 4 , , , 23626 131 5 and and CC 23626 131 6 often often RB 23626 131 7 is be VBZ 23626 131 8 , , , 23626 131 9 longer long JJR 23626 131 10 or or CC 23626 131 11 shorter short JJR 23626 131 12 . . . 23626 132 1 It -PRON- PRP 23626 132 2 passes pass VBZ 23626 132 3 through through IN 23626 132 4 the the DT 23626 132 5 intersecting intersecting NN 23626 132 6 point point NN 23626 132 7 of of IN 23626 132 8 the the DT 23626 132 9 three three CD 23626 132 10 others other NNS 23626 132 11 , , , 23626 132 12 and and CC 23626 132 13 is be VBZ 23626 132 14 perpendicular perpendicular JJ 23626 132 15 or or CC 23626 132 16 at at IN 23626 132 17 right right JJ 23626 132 18 angles angle NNS 23626 132 19 to to IN 23626 132 20 them -PRON- PRP 23626 132 21 . . . 23626 133 1 The the DT 23626 133 2 third third JJ 23626 133 3 of of IN 23626 133 4 the the DT 23626 133 5 six six CD 23626 133 6 systems system NNS 23626 133 7 enumerated enumerate VBN 23626 133 8 above above RB 23626 133 9 , , , 23626 133 10 the the DT 23626 133 11 tetragonal tetragonal NN 23626 133 12 -- -- : 23626 133 13 or or CC 23626 133 14 the the DT 23626 133 15 quadratic quadratic JJ 23626 133 16 , , , 23626 133 17 square square JJ 23626 133 18 prismatic prismatic JJ 23626 133 19 , , , 23626 133 20 dimetric dimetric JJ 23626 133 21 , , , 23626 133 22 or or CC 23626 133 23 pyramidal pyramidal NN 23626 133 24 -- -- : 23626 133 25 system system NN 23626 133 26 has have VBZ 23626 133 27 three three CD 23626 133 28 axes axis NNS 23626 133 29 like like IN 23626 133 30 the the DT 23626 133 31 cubic cubic NN 23626 133 32 , , , 23626 133 33 but but CC 23626 133 34 , , , 23626 133 35 in in IN 23626 133 36 this this DT 23626 133 37 case case NN 23626 133 38 , , , 23626 133 39 though though IN 23626 133 40 they -PRON- PRP 23626 133 41 are be VBP 23626 133 42 all all RB 23626 133 43 at at IN 23626 133 44 right right JJ 23626 133 45 angles angle NNS 23626 133 46 , , , 23626 133 47 two two CD 23626 133 48 only only RB 23626 133 49 of of IN 23626 133 50 them -PRON- PRP 23626 133 51 are be VBP 23626 133 52 equal equal JJ 23626 133 53 , , , 23626 133 54 the the DT 23626 133 55 third third JJ 23626 133 56 , , , 23626 133 57 consequently consequently RB 23626 133 58 , , , 23626 133 59 unequal unequal JJ 23626 133 60 . . . 23626 134 1 The the DT 23626 134 2 vertical vertical JJ 23626 134 3 or or CC 23626 134 4 principal principal NN 23626 134 5 axis axi NNS 23626 134 6 is be VBZ 23626 134 7 often often RB 23626 134 8 much much RB 23626 134 9 longer long JJR 23626 134 10 or or CC 23626 134 11 shorter short JJR 23626 134 12 in in IN 23626 134 13 this this DT 23626 134 14 group group NN 23626 134 15 , , , 23626 134 16 but but CC 23626 134 17 the the DT 23626 134 18 other other JJ 23626 134 19 two two CD 23626 134 20 are be VBP 23626 134 21 always always RB 23626 134 22 equal equal JJ 23626 134 23 and and CC 23626 134 24 lie lie VB 23626 134 25 in in IN 23626 134 26 the the DT 23626 134 27 horizontal horizontal JJ 23626 134 28 plane plane NN 23626 134 29 , , , 23626 134 30 at at IN 23626 134 31 right right JJ 23626 134 32 angles angle NNS 23626 134 33 to to IN 23626 134 34 each each DT 23626 134 35 other other JJ 23626 134 36 , , , 23626 134 37 and and CC 23626 134 38 at at IN 23626 134 39 right right JJ 23626 134 40 angles angle NNS 23626 134 41 to to IN 23626 134 42 the the DT 23626 134 43 vertical vertical JJ 23626 134 44 axis axi NNS 23626 134 45 . . . 23626 135 1 The the DT 23626 135 2 fourth fourth JJ 23626 135 3 system system NN 23626 135 4 , , , 23626 135 5 the the DT 23626 135 6 rhombic rhombic JJ 23626 135 7 -- -- : 23626 135 8 or or CC 23626 135 9 orthorhombic orthorhombic JJ 23626 135 10 , , , 23626 135 11 or or CC 23626 135 12 prismatic prismatic JJ 23626 135 13 , , , 23626 135 14 or or CC 23626 135 15 trimetric trimetric JJ 23626 135 16 -- -- : 23626 135 17 has have VBZ 23626 135 18 , , , 23626 135 19 like like IN 23626 135 20 the the DT 23626 135 21 tetragonal tetragonal NN 23626 135 22 , , , 23626 135 23 three three CD 23626 135 24 axes axis NNS 23626 135 25 ; ; : 23626 135 26 but but CC 23626 135 27 in in IN 23626 135 28 this this DT 23626 135 29 case case NN 23626 135 30 , , , 23626 135 31 none none NN 23626 135 32 of of IN 23626 135 33 them -PRON- PRP 23626 135 34 are be VBP 23626 135 35 equal equal JJ 23626 135 36 , , , 23626 135 37 though though IN 23626 135 38 the the DT 23626 135 39 two two CD 23626 135 40 lateral lateral JJ 23626 135 41 axes axis NNS 23626 135 42 are be VBP 23626 135 43 at at IN 23626 135 44 right right JJ 23626 135 45 angles angle NNS 23626 135 46 to to IN 23626 135 47 each each DT 23626 135 48 other other JJ 23626 135 49 , , , 23626 135 50 and and CC 23626 135 51 to to IN 23626 135 52 the the DT 23626 135 53 vertical vertical JJ 23626 135 54 axis axi NNS 23626 135 55 , , , 23626 135 56 which which WDT 23626 135 57 may may MD 23626 135 58 vary vary VB 23626 135 59 in in IN 23626 135 60 length length NN 23626 135 61 , , , 23626 135 62 more more RBR 23626 135 63 so so RB 23626 135 64 even even RB 23626 135 65 than than IN 23626 135 66 the the DT 23626 135 67 other other JJ 23626 135 68 two two CD 23626 135 69 . . . 23626 136 1 The the DT 23626 136 2 fifth fifth JJ 23626 136 3 , , , 23626 136 4 the the DT 23626 136 5 monoclinic monoclinic JJ 23626 136 6 -- -- : 23626 136 7 or or CC 23626 136 8 clinorhombic clinorhombic JJ 23626 136 9 , , , 23626 136 10 monosymmetric monosymmetric JJ 23626 136 11 , , , 23626 136 12 or or CC 23626 136 13 oblique oblique JJ 23626 136 14 -- -- : 23626 136 15 system system NN 23626 136 16 , , , 23626 136 17 has have VBZ 23626 136 18 also also RB 23626 136 19 three three CD 23626 136 20 axes axis NNS 23626 136 21 , , , 23626 136 22 all all DT 23626 136 23 of of IN 23626 136 24 them -PRON- PRP 23626 136 25 unequal unequal JJ 23626 136 26 . . . 23626 137 1 The the DT 23626 137 2 two two CD 23626 137 3 lateral lateral JJ 23626 137 4 axes axis NNS 23626 137 5 are be VBP 23626 137 6 at at IN 23626 137 7 right right JJ 23626 137 8 angles angle NNS 23626 137 9 to to IN 23626 137 10 each each DT 23626 137 11 other other JJ 23626 137 12 , , , 23626 137 13 but but CC 23626 137 14 the the DT 23626 137 15 principal principal JJ 23626 137 16 or or CC 23626 137 17 vertical vertical JJ 23626 137 18 axis axi NNS 23626 137 19 , , , 23626 137 20 which which WDT 23626 137 21 passes pass VBZ 23626 137 22 through through IN 23626 137 23 the the DT 23626 137 24 point point NN 23626 137 25 of of IN 23626 137 26 intersection intersection NN 23626 137 27 of of IN 23626 137 28 the the DT 23626 137 29 two two CD 23626 137 30 lateral lateral JJ 23626 137 31 axes axis NNS 23626 137 32 , , , 23626 137 33 is be VBZ 23626 137 34 only only RB 23626 137 35 at at IN 23626 137 36 right right JJ 23626 137 37 angles angle NNS 23626 137 38 to to IN 23626 137 39 one one CD 23626 137 40 of of IN 23626 137 41 them -PRON- PRP 23626 137 42 . . . 23626 138 1 In in IN 23626 138 2 the the DT 23626 138 3 sixth sixth JJ 23626 138 4 and and CC 23626 138 5 last last JJ 23626 138 6 system system NN 23626 138 7 , , , 23626 138 8 the the DT 23626 138 9 triclinic triclinic NN 23626 138 10 -- -- : 23626 138 11 or or CC 23626 138 12 anorthic anorthic JJ 23626 138 13 , , , 23626 138 14 or or CC 23626 138 15 asymmetric asymmetric NN 23626 138 16 -- -- : 23626 138 17 the the DT 23626 138 18 axes axis NNS 23626 138 19 are be VBP 23626 138 20 again again RB 23626 138 21 three three CD 23626 138 22 , , , 23626 138 23 but but CC 23626 138 24 in in IN 23626 138 25 this this DT 23626 138 26 case case NN 23626 138 27 , , , 23626 138 28 none none NN 23626 138 29 of of IN 23626 138 30 them -PRON- PRP 23626 138 31 are be VBP 23626 138 32 equal equal JJ 23626 138 33 and and CC 23626 138 34 none none NN 23626 138 35 at at IN 23626 138 36 right right JJ 23626 138 37 angles angle NNS 23626 138 38 . . . 23626 139 1 It -PRON- PRP 23626 139 2 is be VBZ 23626 139 3 difficult difficult JJ 23626 139 4 to to TO 23626 139 5 explain explain VB 23626 139 6 these these DT 23626 139 7 various various JJ 23626 139 8 systems system NNS 23626 139 9 without without IN 23626 139 10 drawings drawing NNS 23626 139 11 , , , 23626 139 12 and and CC 23626 139 13 the the DT 23626 139 14 foregoing foregoing NN 23626 139 15 may may MD 23626 139 16 seem seem VB 23626 139 17 unnecessarily unnecessarily RB 23626 139 18 technical technical JJ 23626 139 19 . . . 23626 140 1 It -PRON- PRP 23626 140 2 is be VBZ 23626 140 3 , , , 23626 140 4 however however RB 23626 140 5 , , , 23626 140 6 essential essential JJ 23626 140 7 that that IN 23626 140 8 these these DT 23626 140 9 particulars particular NNS 23626 140 10 should should MD 23626 140 11 be be VB 23626 140 12 clearly clearly RB 23626 140 13 stated state VBN 23626 140 14 in in IN 23626 140 15 order order NN 23626 140 16 thoroughly thoroughly RB 23626 140 17 to to TO 23626 140 18 understand understand VB 23626 140 19 how how WRB 23626 140 20 stones stone NNS 23626 140 21 , , , 23626 140 22 especially especially RB 23626 140 23 uncut uncut JJ 23626 140 24 stones stone NNS 23626 140 25 , , , 23626 140 26 are be VBP 23626 140 27 classified classify VBN 23626 140 28 . . . 23626 141 1 These these DT 23626 141 2 various various JJ 23626 141 3 groups group NNS 23626 141 4 must must MD 23626 141 5 also also RB 23626 141 6 be be VB 23626 141 7 referred refer VBN 23626 141 8 to to IN 23626 141 9 when when WRB 23626 141 10 dealing deal VBG 23626 141 11 with with IN 23626 141 12 the the DT 23626 141 13 action action NN 23626 141 14 of of IN 23626 141 15 light light JJ 23626 141 16 and and CC 23626 141 17 other other JJ 23626 141 18 matters matter NNS 23626 141 19 , , , 23626 141 20 for for IN 23626 141 21 in in IN 23626 141 22 one one CD 23626 141 23 or or CC 23626 141 24 other other JJ 23626 141 25 of of IN 23626 141 26 them -PRON- PRP 23626 141 27 most most JJS 23626 141 28 stones stone NNS 23626 141 29 are be VBP 23626 141 30 placed place VBN 23626 141 31 , , , 23626 141 32 notwithstanding notwithstanding IN 23626 141 33 great great JJ 23626 141 34 differences difference NNS 23626 141 35 in in IN 23626 141 36 hue hue NN 23626 141 37 and and CC 23626 141 38 character character NN 23626 141 39 ; ; , 23626 141 40 thus thus RB 23626 141 41 all all DT 23626 141 42 stones stone NNS 23626 141 43 exhibiting exhibit VBG 23626 141 44 the the DT 23626 141 45 same same JJ 23626 141 46 crystalline crystalline NN 23626 141 47 structure structure NN 23626 141 48 as as IN 23626 141 49 the the DT 23626 141 50 diamond diamond NN 23626 141 51 are be VBP 23626 141 52 placed place VBN 23626 141 53 in in IN 23626 141 54 the the DT 23626 141 55 same same JJ 23626 141 56 group group NN 23626 141 57 . . . 23626 142 1 Further further RB 23626 142 2 , , , 23626 142 3 when when WRB 23626 142 4 the the DT 23626 142 5 methods method NNS 23626 142 6 of of IN 23626 142 7 testing testing NN 23626 142 8 come come VBN 23626 142 9 to to TO 23626 142 10 be be VB 23626 142 11 dealt deal VBN 23626 142 12 with with IN 23626 142 13 , , , 23626 142 14 it -PRON- PRP 23626 142 15 will will MD 23626 142 16 be be VB 23626 142 17 seen see VBN 23626 142 18 that that IN 23626 142 19 these these DT 23626 142 20 particulars particular NNS 23626 142 21 of of IN 23626 142 22 grouping group VBG 23626 142 23 form form NN 23626 142 24 a a DT 23626 142 25 certain certain JJ 23626 142 26 means means NN 23626 142 27 of of IN 23626 142 28 testing testing NN 23626 142 29 stones stone NNS 23626 142 30 and and CC 23626 142 31 of of IN 23626 142 32 distinguishing distinguish VBG 23626 142 33 spurious spurious JJ 23626 142 34 from from IN 23626 142 35 real real JJ 23626 142 36 . . . 23626 143 1 For for IN 23626 143 2 if if IN 23626 143 3 a a DT 23626 143 4 stone stone NN 23626 143 5 is be VBZ 23626 143 6 offered offer VBN 23626 143 7 as as IN 23626 143 8 a a DT 23626 143 9 real real JJ 23626 143 10 gem gem NN 23626 143 11 ( ( -LRB- 23626 143 12 the the DT 23626 143 13 true true JJ 23626 143 14 stone stone NN 23626 143 15 being be VBG 23626 143 16 known know VBN 23626 143 17 to to TO 23626 143 18 lie lie VB 23626 143 19 in in IN 23626 143 20 the the DT 23626 143 21 highest high JJS 23626 143 22 or or CC 23626 143 23 cubic cubic JJ 23626 143 24 system system NN 23626 143 25 ) ) -RRB- 23626 143 26 , , , 23626 143 27 it -PRON- PRP 23626 143 28 follows follow VBZ 23626 143 29 that that DT 23626 143 30 should should MD 23626 143 31 examination examination VB 23626 143 32 prove prove VB 23626 143 33 the the DT 23626 143 34 stone stone NN 23626 143 35 to to TO 23626 143 36 be be VB 23626 143 37 in in IN 23626 143 38 the the DT 23626 143 39 sixth sixth JJ 23626 143 40 system system NN 23626 143 41 , , , 23626 143 42 then then RB 23626 143 43 , , , 23626 143 44 no no RB 23626 143 45 matter matter RB 23626 143 46 how how WRB 23626 143 47 coloured coloured JJ 23626 143 48 or or CC 23626 143 49 cut cut VBN 23626 143 50 , , , 23626 143 51 no no RB 23626 143 52 matter matter RB 23626 143 53 how how WRB 23626 143 54 perfect perfect JJ 23626 143 55 the the DT 23626 143 56 imitation imitation NN 23626 143 57 , , , 23626 143 58 the the DT 23626 143 59 test test NN 23626 143 60 of of IN 23626 143 61 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 143 62 crystalline crystalline JJ 23626 143 63 structure structure NN 23626 143 64 stamps stamp NNS 23626 143 65 it -PRON- PRP 23626 143 66 readily readily RB 23626 143 67 as as RB 23626 143 68 false false JJ 23626 143 69 beyond beyond IN 23626 143 70 all all DT 23626 143 71 shadow shadow NN 23626 143 72 of of IN 23626 143 73 doubt doubt NN 23626 143 74 -- -- : 23626 143 75 for for IN 23626 143 76 as as IN 23626 143 77 we -PRON- PRP 23626 143 78 have have VBP 23626 143 79 seen see VBN 23626 143 80 , , , 23626 143 81 no no DT 23626 143 82 human human JJ 23626 143 83 means mean NNS 23626 143 84 have have VBP 23626 143 85 as as RB 23626 143 86 yet yet RB 23626 143 87 been be VBN 23626 143 88 forthcoming forthcoming JJ 23626 143 89 by by IN 23626 143 90 which which WDT 23626 143 91 the the DT 23626 143 92 crystals crystal NNS 23626 143 93 can can MD 23626 143 94 be be VB 23626 143 95 changed change VBN 23626 143 96 in in IN 23626 143 97 form form NN 23626 143 98 , , , 23626 143 99 only only RB 23626 143 100 in in IN 23626 143 101 arrangement arrangement NN 23626 143 102 , , , 23626 143 103 for for IN 23626 143 104 a a DT 23626 143 105 diamond diamond NN 23626 143 106 crystal crystal NN 23626 143 107 _ _ NNP 23626 143 108 is be VBZ 23626 143 109 _ _ NNP 23626 143 110 a a DT 23626 143 111 diamond diamond NN 23626 143 112 crystal crystal NN 23626 143 113 , , , 23626 143 114 be be VB 23626 143 115 it -PRON- PRP 23626 143 116 in in IN 23626 143 117 a a DT 23626 143 118 large large JJ 23626 143 119 mass mass NN 23626 143 120 , , , 23626 143 121 like like IN 23626 143 122 the the DT 23626 143 123 brightest bright JJS 23626 143 124 and and CC 23626 143 125 largest large JJS 23626 143 126 gem gem NN 23626 143 127 so so RB 23626 143 128 far far RB 23626 143 129 discovered discover VBN 23626 143 130 -- -- : 23626 143 131 the the DT 23626 143 132 great great JJ 23626 143 133 Cullinan Cullinan NNP 23626 143 134 diamond diamond NN 23626 143 135 -- -- : 23626 143 136 or or CC 23626 143 137 the the DT 23626 143 138 tiniest tiny JJS 23626 143 139 grain grain NN 23626 143 140 of of IN 23626 143 141 microscopic microscopic JJ 23626 143 142 diamond diamond NN 23626 143 143 - - HYPH 23626 143 144 dust dust NN 23626 143 145 , , , 23626 143 146 and and CC 23626 143 147 so so RB 23626 143 148 on on RB 23626 143 149 with with IN 23626 143 150 all all DT 23626 143 151 precious precious JJ 23626 143 152 stones stone NNS 23626 143 153 . . . 23626 144 1 So so IN 23626 144 2 that that IN 23626 144 3 in in IN 23626 144 4 future future JJ 23626 144 5 references reference NNS 23626 144 6 , , , 23626 144 7 to to TO 23626 144 8 avoid avoid VB 23626 144 9 repetition repetition NN 23626 144 10 , , , 23626 144 11 these these DT 23626 144 12 groups group NNS 23626 144 13 will will MD 23626 144 14 be be VB 23626 144 15 referred refer VBN 23626 144 16 to to IN 23626 144 17 as as IN 23626 144 18 group group NN 23626 144 19 1 1 CD 23626 144 20 , , , 23626 144 21 2 2 CD 23626 144 22 , , , 23626 144 23 and and CC 23626 144 24 so so RB 23626 144 25 on on RB 23626 144 26 , , , 23626 144 27 as as IN 23626 144 28 detailed detail VBN 23626 144 29 here here RB 23626 144 30 . . . 23626 145 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 23626 145 2 IV IV NNP 23626 145 3 . . . 23626 146 1 PHYSICAL PHYSICAL NNP 23626 146 2 PROPERTIES PROPERTIES NNP 23626 146 3 . . . 23626 147 1 B b NN 23626 147 2 -- -- : 23626 147 3 CLEAVAGE CLEAVAGE NNP 23626 147 4 . . . 23626 148 1 By by IN 23626 148 2 cleavage cleavage NN 23626 148 3 is be VBZ 23626 148 4 meant mean VBN 23626 148 5 the the DT 23626 148 6 manner manner NN 23626 148 7 in in IN 23626 148 8 which which WDT 23626 148 9 minerals mineral NNS 23626 148 10 separate separate VBP 23626 148 11 or or CC 23626 148 12 split split VBD 23626 148 13 off off RP 23626 148 14 with with IN 23626 148 15 regularity regularity NN 23626 148 16 . . . 23626 149 1 The the DT 23626 149 2 difference difference NN 23626 149 3 between between IN 23626 149 4 a a DT 23626 149 5 break break NN 23626 149 6 or or CC 23626 149 7 fracture fracture NN 23626 149 8 and and CC 23626 149 9 a a DT 23626 149 10 " " `` 23626 149 11 cleave cleave NN 23626 149 12 , , , 23626 149 13 " " '' 23626 149 14 is be VBZ 23626 149 15 that that IN 23626 149 16 the the DT 23626 149 17 former former JJ 23626 149 18 may may MD 23626 149 19 be be VB 23626 149 20 anywhere anywhere RB 23626 149 21 throughout throughout IN 23626 149 22 the the DT 23626 149 23 substance substance NN 23626 149 24 of of IN 23626 149 25 the the DT 23626 149 26 broken broken JJ 23626 149 27 body body NN 23626 149 28 , , , 23626 149 29 with with IN 23626 149 30 an an DT 23626 149 31 extremely extremely RB 23626 149 32 remote remote JJ 23626 149 33 chance chance NN 23626 149 34 of of IN 23626 149 35 another another DT 23626 149 36 fracture fracture NN 23626 149 37 being be VBG 23626 149 38 identical identical JJ 23626 149 39 in in IN 23626 149 40 form form NN 23626 149 41 , , , 23626 149 42 whereas whereas IN 23626 149 43 in in IN 23626 149 44 the the DT 23626 149 45 latter latter JJ 23626 149 46 , , , 23626 149 47 when when WRB 23626 149 48 a a DT 23626 149 49 body body NN 23626 149 50 is be VBZ 23626 149 51 " " `` 23626 149 52 cleaved cleave VBN 23626 149 53 , , , 23626 149 54 " " '' 23626 149 55 the the DT 23626 149 56 fractured fractured JJ 23626 149 57 part part NN 23626 149 58 is be VBZ 23626 149 59 more more RBR 23626 149 60 readily readily RB 23626 149 61 severed sever VBN 23626 149 62 , , , 23626 149 63 and and CC 23626 149 64 usually usually RB 23626 149 65 takes take VBZ 23626 149 66 a a DT 23626 149 67 similar similar JJ 23626 149 68 if if IN 23626 149 69 not not RB 23626 149 70 an an DT 23626 149 71 actually actually RB 23626 149 72 identical identical JJ 23626 149 73 form form NN 23626 149 74 in in IN 23626 149 75 the the DT 23626 149 76 divided divide VBN 23626 149 77 surface surface NN 23626 149 78 of of IN 23626 149 79 each each DT 23626 149 80 piece piece NN 23626 149 81 severed sever VBD 23626 149 82 . . . 23626 150 1 Thus thus RB 23626 150 2 we -PRON- PRP 23626 150 3 find find VBP 23626 150 4 a a DT 23626 150 5 piece piece NN 23626 150 6 of of IN 23626 150 7 wood wood NN 23626 150 8 may may MD 23626 150 9 be be VB 23626 150 10 " " `` 23626 150 11 broken break VBN 23626 150 12 " " '' 23626 150 13 or or CC 23626 150 14 " " `` 23626 150 15 chopped chop VBN 23626 150 16 " " '' 23626 150 17 when when WRB 23626 150 18 fractured fracture VBN 23626 150 19 across across IN 23626 150 20 the the DT 23626 150 21 grain grain NN 23626 150 22 , , , 23626 150 23 no no DT 23626 150 24 two two CD 23626 150 25 fractured fractured JJ 23626 150 26 edges edge NNS 23626 150 27 being be VBG 23626 150 28 alike alike RB 23626 150 29 ; ; : 23626 150 30 but but CC 23626 150 31 , , , 23626 150 32 strictly strictly RB 23626 150 33 speaking speak VBG 23626 150 34 , , , 23626 150 35 we -PRON- PRP 23626 150 36 only only RB 23626 150 37 " " `` 23626 150 38 cleave cleave VBP 23626 150 39 " " '' 23626 150 40 wood wood NN 23626 150 41 when when WRB 23626 150 42 we -PRON- PRP 23626 150 43 " " `` 23626 150 44 split split VBD 23626 150 45 " " '' 23626 150 46 it -PRON- PRP 23626 150 47 with with IN 23626 150 48 the the DT 23626 150 49 grain grain NN 23626 150 50 , , , 23626 150 51 or or CC 23626 150 52 , , , 23626 150 53 in in IN 23626 150 54 scientific scientific JJ 23626 150 55 language language NN 23626 150 56 , , , 23626 150 57 along along IN 23626 150 58 the the DT 23626 150 59 line line NN 23626 150 60 of of IN 23626 150 61 cleavage cleavage NN 23626 150 62 , , , 23626 150 63 and and CC 23626 150 64 then then RB 23626 150 65 we -PRON- PRP 23626 150 66 find find VBP 23626 150 67 many many JJ 23626 150 68 pieces piece NNS 23626 150 69 with with IN 23626 150 70 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 150 71 divided divide VBN 23626 150 72 surfaces surface NNS 23626 150 73 identical identical JJ 23626 150 74 . . . 23626 151 1 So so IN 23626 151 2 that that DT 23626 151 3 when when WRB 23626 151 4 wood wood NN 23626 151 5 is be VBZ 23626 151 6 " " `` 23626 151 7 broken break VBN 23626 151 8 , , , 23626 151 9 " " '' 23626 151 10 or or CC 23626 151 11 " " `` 23626 151 12 chopped chop VBN 23626 151 13 , , , 23626 151 14 " " `` 23626 151 15 we -PRON- PRP 23626 151 16 obtain obtain VBP 23626 151 17 pieces piece NNS 23626 151 18 of of IN 23626 151 19 any any DT 23626 151 20 width width NN 23626 151 21 or or CC 23626 151 22 thickness thickness NN 23626 151 23 , , , 23626 151 24 with with IN 23626 151 25 no no DT 23626 151 26 manner manner NN 23626 151 27 of of IN 23626 151 28 regularity regularity NN 23626 151 29 of of IN 23626 151 30 fracture fracture NN 23626 151 31 , , , 23626 151 32 but but CC 23626 151 33 when when WRB 23626 151 34 " " `` 23626 151 35 cleaved cleave VBD 23626 151 36 , , , 23626 151 37 " " '' 23626 151 38 we -PRON- PRP 23626 151 39 obtain obtain VBP 23626 151 40 strips strip NNS 23626 151 41 which which WDT 23626 151 42 are be VBP 23626 151 43 often often RB 23626 151 44 perfectly perfectly RB 23626 151 45 parallel parallel JJ 23626 151 46 , , , 23626 151 47 that that RB 23626 151 48 is is RB 23626 151 49 , , , 23626 151 50 of of IN 23626 151 51 equal equal JJ 23626 151 52 thickness thickness NN 23626 151 53 throughout throughout IN 23626 151 54 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 151 55 whole whole JJ 23626 151 56 length length NN 23626 151 57 , , , 23626 151 58 and and CC 23626 151 59 of of IN 23626 151 60 such such JJ 23626 151 61 uniformity uniformity NN 23626 151 62 of of IN 23626 151 63 surface surface NN 23626 151 64 that that IN 23626 151 65 it -PRON- PRP 23626 151 66 is be VBZ 23626 151 67 difficult difficult JJ 23626 151 68 or or CC 23626 151 69 even even RB 23626 151 70 impossible impossible JJ 23626 151 71 to to TO 23626 151 72 distinguish distinguish VB 23626 151 73 one one CD 23626 151 74 strip strip NN 23626 151 75 from from IN 23626 151 76 another another DT 23626 151 77 . . . 23626 152 1 Advantage advantage NN 23626 152 2 is be VBZ 23626 152 3 taken take VBN 23626 152 4 of of IN 23626 152 5 these these DT 23626 152 6 lines line NNS 23626 152 7 of of IN 23626 152 8 cleavage cleavage NN 23626 152 9 to to TO 23626 152 10 procure procure VB 23626 152 11 long long RB 23626 152 12 and and CC 23626 152 13 extremely extremely RB 23626 152 14 thin thin JJ 23626 152 15 even even RB 23626 152 16 strips strip NNS 23626 152 17 from from IN 23626 152 18 trees tree NNS 23626 152 19 of of IN 23626 152 20 the the DT 23626 152 21 willow willow NN 23626 152 22 variety variety NN 23626 152 23 for for IN 23626 152 24 such such JJ 23626 152 25 trades trade NNS 23626 152 26 as as IN 23626 152 27 basket basket NN 23626 152 28 - - HYPH 23626 152 29 making making NN 23626 152 30 . . . 23626 153 1 The the DT 23626 153 2 same same JJ 23626 153 3 effect effect NN 23626 153 4 is be VBZ 23626 153 5 seen see VBN 23626 153 6 in in IN 23626 153 7 house house NN 23626 153 8 - - HYPH 23626 153 9 coal coal NN 23626 153 10 , , , 23626 153 11 which which WDT 23626 153 12 may may MD 23626 153 13 easily easily RB 23626 153 14 be be VB 23626 153 15 split split VBN 23626 153 16 the the DT 23626 153 17 way way NN 23626 153 18 of of IN 23626 153 19 the the DT 23626 153 20 grain grain NN 23626 153 21 ( ( -LRB- 23626 153 22 on on IN 23626 153 23 the the DT 23626 153 24 lines line NNS 23626 153 25 of of IN 23626 153 26 cleavage cleavage NN 23626 153 27 ) ) -RRB- 23626 153 28 , , , 23626 153 29 but but CC 23626 153 30 is be VBZ 23626 153 31 much much RB 23626 153 32 more more RBR 23626 153 33 difficult difficult JJ 23626 153 34 and and CC 23626 153 35 requires require VBZ 23626 153 36 greater great JJR 23626 153 37 force force NN 23626 153 38 to to TO 23626 153 39 break break VB 23626 153 40 across across IN 23626 153 41 the the DT 23626 153 42 grain grain NN 23626 153 43 . . . 23626 154 1 Rocks rock NNS 23626 154 2 also also RB 23626 154 3 show show VBP 23626 154 4 distinct distinct JJ 23626 154 5 lines line NNS 23626 154 6 of of IN 23626 154 7 cleavage cleavage NN 23626 154 8 , , , 23626 154 9 and and CC 23626 154 10 are be VBP 23626 154 11 more more RBR 23626 154 12 readily readily RB 23626 154 13 split split VBN 23626 154 14 one one CD 23626 154 15 way way NN 23626 154 16 than than IN 23626 154 17 another another DT 23626 154 18 , , , 23626 154 19 the the DT 23626 154 20 line line NN 23626 154 21 of of IN 23626 154 22 cleavage cleavage NN 23626 154 23 or or CC 23626 154 24 stratum stratum NN 23626 154 25 of of IN 23626 154 26 break break NN 23626 154 27 being be VBG 23626 154 28 at at IN 23626 154 29 any any DT 23626 154 30 angle angle NN 23626 154 31 and and CC 23626 154 32 not not RB 23626 154 33 necessarily necessarily RB 23626 154 34 parallel parallel JJ 23626 154 35 to to IN 23626 154 36 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 154 37 bed bed NN 23626 154 38 . . . 23626 155 1 A a DT 23626 155 2 striking strike VBG 23626 155 3 example example NN 23626 155 4 of of IN 23626 155 5 this this DT 23626 155 6 is be VBZ 23626 155 7 seen see VBN 23626 155 8 in in IN 23626 155 9 slate slate NN 23626 155 10 , , , 23626 155 11 which which WDT 23626 155 12 may may MD 23626 155 13 be be VB 23626 155 14 split split VBN 23626 155 15 in in IN 23626 155 16 plates plate NNS 23626 155 17 , , , 23626 155 18 or or CC 23626 155 19 laminæ laminæ NN 23626 155 20 , , , 23626 155 21 with with IN 23626 155 22 great great JJ 23626 155 23 facility facility NN 23626 155 24 , , , 23626 155 25 though though IN 23626 155 26 this this DT 23626 155 27 property property NN 23626 155 28 is be VBZ 23626 155 29 the the DT 23626 155 30 result result NN 23626 155 31 of of IN 23626 155 32 the the DT 23626 155 33 pressure pressure NN 23626 155 34 to to TO 23626 155 35 which which WDT 23626 155 36 the the DT 23626 155 37 rock rock NN 23626 155 38 has have VBZ 23626 155 39 been be VBN 23626 155 40 for for IN 23626 155 41 ages age NNS 23626 155 42 subjected subject VBN 23626 155 43 , , , 23626 155 44 which which WDT 23626 155 45 has have VBZ 23626 155 46 caused cause VBN 23626 155 47 a a DT 23626 155 48 change change NN 23626 155 49 in in IN 23626 155 50 the the DT 23626 155 51 molecules molecule NNS 23626 155 52 , , , 23626 155 53 rather rather RB 23626 155 54 than than IN 23626 155 55 by by IN 23626 155 56 " " `` 23626 155 57 cleavage cleavage NN 23626 155 58 " " '' 23626 155 59 as as IN 23626 155 60 the the DT 23626 155 61 term term NN 23626 155 62 is be VBZ 23626 155 63 strictly strictly RB 23626 155 64 understood understand VBN 23626 155 65 , , , 23626 155 66 and and CC 23626 155 67 as as RB 23626 155 68 existing exist VBG 23626 155 69 in in IN 23626 155 70 minerals mineral NNS 23626 155 71 . . . 23626 156 1 Mica Mica NNP 23626 156 2 is be VBZ 23626 156 3 also also RB 23626 156 4 another another DT 23626 156 5 example example NN 23626 156 6 of of IN 23626 156 7 laminated laminate VBN 23626 156 8 cleavage cleavage NN 23626 156 9 , , , 23626 156 10 for for IN 23626 156 11 given give VBN 23626 156 12 care care NN 23626 156 13 , , , 23626 156 14 and and CC 23626 156 15 a a DT 23626 156 16 thin thin JJ 23626 156 17 , , , 23626 156 18 fine fine JJ 23626 156 19 knife knife NN 23626 156 20 to to TO 23626 156 21 divide divide VB 23626 156 22 the the DT 23626 156 23 plates plate NNS 23626 156 24 , , , 23626 156 25 this this DT 23626 156 26 mineral mineral NN 23626 156 27 may may MD 23626 156 28 be be VB 23626 156 29 " " `` 23626 156 30 cleaved cleave VBN 23626 156 31 " " '' 23626 156 32 to to IN 23626 156 33 such such JJ 23626 156 34 remarkably remarkably RB 23626 156 35 thin thin JJ 23626 156 36 sheets sheet NNS 23626 156 37 as as IN 23626 156 38 to to TO 23626 156 39 be be VB 23626 156 40 unable unable JJ 23626 156 41 to to TO 23626 156 42 sustain sustain VB 23626 156 43 the the DT 23626 156 44 most most RBS 23626 156 45 delicate delicate JJ 23626 156 46 touch touch NN 23626 156 47 without without IN 23626 156 48 shattering shatter VBG 23626 156 49 . . . 23626 157 1 These these DT 23626 157 2 are be VBP 23626 157 3 well well RB 23626 157 4 - - HYPH 23626 157 5 known know VBN 23626 157 6 examples example NNS 23626 157 7 of of IN 23626 157 8 simple simple JJ 23626 157 9 cleavage cleavage NN 23626 157 10 , , , 23626 157 11 in in IN 23626 157 12 one one CD 23626 157 13 definite definite JJ 23626 157 14 direction direction NN 23626 157 15 , , , 23626 157 16 though though IN 23626 157 17 in in IN 23626 157 18 many many JJ 23626 157 19 instances instance NNS 23626 157 20 there there EX 23626 157 21 are be VBP 23626 157 22 several several JJ 23626 157 23 forms form NNS 23626 157 24 and and CC 23626 157 25 directions direction NNS 23626 157 26 of of IN 23626 157 27 cleavage cleavage NN 23626 157 28 , , , 23626 157 29 but but CC 23626 157 30 even even RB 23626 157 31 in in IN 23626 157 32 these these DT 23626 157 33 there there EX 23626 157 34 is be VBZ 23626 157 35 generally generally RB 23626 157 36 one one CD 23626 157 37 part part NN 23626 157 38 or or CC 23626 157 39 line line NN 23626 157 40 in in IN 23626 157 41 and and CC 23626 157 42 on on IN 23626 157 43 which which WDT 23626 157 44 cleavage cleavage NN 23626 157 45 will will MD 23626 157 46 take take VB 23626 157 47 place place NN 23626 157 48 much much RB 23626 157 49 more more RBR 23626 157 50 readily readily RB 23626 157 51 than than IN 23626 157 52 on on IN 23626 157 53 the the DT 23626 157 54 others other NNS 23626 157 55 , , , 23626 157 56 these these DT 23626 157 57 planes plane NNS 23626 157 58 or or CC 23626 157 59 lines line NNS 23626 157 60 also also RB 23626 157 61 showing show VBG 23626 157 62 different different JJ 23626 157 63 properties property NNS 23626 157 64 and and CC 23626 157 65 angular angular JJ 23626 157 66 characters character NNS 23626 157 67 , , , 23626 157 68 which which WDT 23626 157 69 , , , 23626 157 70 no no RB 23626 157 71 matter matter RB 23626 157 72 how how WRB 23626 157 73 much much RB 23626 157 74 fractured fractured JJ 23626 157 75 , , , 23626 157 76 always always RB 23626 157 77 remain remain VB 23626 157 78 the the DT 23626 157 79 same same JJ 23626 157 80 . . . 23626 158 1 It -PRON- PRP 23626 158 2 is be VBZ 23626 158 3 this this DT 23626 158 4 " " `` 23626 158 5 cleavage cleavage NN 23626 158 6 " " '' 23626 158 7 which which WDT 23626 158 8 causes cause VBZ 23626 158 9 a a DT 23626 158 10 crystal crystal NN 23626 158 11 to to TO 23626 158 12 reproduce reproduce VB 23626 158 13 itself -PRON- PRP 23626 158 14 exactly exactly RB 23626 158 15 , , , 23626 158 16 as as IN 23626 158 17 explained explain VBN 23626 158 18 in in IN 23626 158 19 the the DT 23626 158 20 last last JJ 23626 158 21 chapter chapter NN 23626 158 22 , , , 23626 158 23 showing show VBG 23626 158 24 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 158 25 parent parent NN 23626 158 26 form form NN 23626 158 27 , , , 23626 158 28 shape shape NN 23626 158 29 and and CC 23626 158 30 characteristics characteristic NNS 23626 158 31 with with IN 23626 158 32 microscopic microscopic JJ 23626 158 33 perfection perfection NN 23626 158 34 , , , 23626 158 35 but but CC 23626 158 36 more more RBR 23626 158 37 and and CC 23626 158 38 more more RBR 23626 158 39 in in IN 23626 158 40 miniature miniature NN 23626 158 41 as as IN 23626 158 42 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 158 43 size size NN 23626 158 44 is be VBZ 23626 158 45 reduced reduce VBN 23626 158 46 . . . 23626 159 1 This this DT 23626 159 2 may may MD 23626 159 3 clearly clearly RB 23626 159 4 be be VB 23626 159 5 seen see VBN 23626 159 6 by by IN 23626 159 7 taking take VBG 23626 159 8 a a DT 23626 159 9 very very RB 23626 159 10 small small JJ 23626 159 11 quantity quantity NN 23626 159 12 of of IN 23626 159 13 such such PDT 23626 159 14 a a DT 23626 159 15 substance substance NN 23626 159 16 as as IN 23626 159 17 chlorate chlorate NN 23626 159 18 of of IN 23626 159 19 potash potash NN 23626 159 20 . . . 23626 160 1 If if IN 23626 160 2 a a DT 23626 160 3 crystal crystal NN 23626 160 4 of of IN 23626 160 5 this this DT 23626 160 6 is be VBZ 23626 160 7 examined examine VBN 23626 160 8 under under IN 23626 160 9 a a DT 23626 160 10 magnifying magnify VBG 23626 160 11 glass glass NN 23626 160 12 till till IN 23626 160 13 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 160 14 crystalline crystalline NN 23626 160 15 form form NN 23626 160 16 and and CC 23626 160 17 structure structure NN 23626 160 18 are be VBP 23626 160 19 familiar familiar JJ 23626 160 20 , , , 23626 160 21 and and CC 23626 160 22 it -PRON- PRP 23626 160 23 is be VBZ 23626 160 24 then then RB 23626 160 25 placed place VBN 23626 160 26 in in IN 23626 160 27 a a DT 23626 160 28 test test NN 23626 160 29 - - HYPH 23626 160 30 tube tube NN 23626 160 31 and and CC 23626 160 32 gently gently RB 23626 160 33 heated heat VBN 23626 160 34 , , , 23626 160 35 cleavage cleavage NN 23626 160 36 will will MD 23626 160 37 at at IN 23626 160 38 once once RB 23626 160 39 be be VB 23626 160 40 evident evident JJ 23626 160 41 . . . 23626 161 1 With with IN 23626 161 2 a a DT 23626 161 3 little little JJ 23626 161 4 crackling crackling NN 23626 161 5 , , , 23626 161 6 the the DT 23626 161 7 chlorate chlorate NN 23626 161 8 splits split VBZ 23626 161 9 itself -PRON- PRP 23626 161 10 into into IN 23626 161 11 many many JJ 23626 161 12 crystals crystal NNS 23626 161 13 along along IN 23626 161 14 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 161 15 chief chief JJ 23626 161 16 lines line NNS 23626 161 17 of of IN 23626 161 18 cleavage cleavage NN 23626 161 19 ( ( -LRB- 23626 161 20 called call VBN 23626 161 21 the the DT 23626 161 22 cleavage cleavage NN 23626 161 23 planes plane NNS 23626 161 24 ) ) -RRB- 23626 161 25 , , , 23626 161 26 every every DT 23626 161 27 one one CD 23626 161 28 of of IN 23626 161 29 which which WDT 23626 161 30 crystals crystal NNS 23626 161 31 showing show VBG 23626 161 32 under under IN 23626 161 33 the the DT 23626 161 34 microscope microscope NN 23626 161 35 the the DT 23626 161 36 identical identical JJ 23626 161 37 form form NN 23626 161 38 and and CC 23626 161 39 characteristics characteristic NNS 23626 161 40 of of IN 23626 161 41 the the DT 23626 161 42 larger large JJR 23626 161 43 crystal crystal NN 23626 161 44 from from IN 23626 161 45 which which WDT 23626 161 46 it -PRON- PRP 23626 161 47 came come VBD 23626 161 48 . . . 23626 162 1 The the DT 23626 162 2 cleavage cleavage NN 23626 162 3 of of IN 23626 162 4 minerals mineral NNS 23626 162 5 must must MD 23626 162 6 , , , 23626 162 7 therefore therefore RB 23626 162 8 , , , 23626 162 9 be be VB 23626 162 10 considered consider VBN 23626 162 11 as as IN 23626 162 12 a a DT 23626 162 13 part part NN 23626 162 14 of of IN 23626 162 15 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 162 16 crystalline crystalline NN 23626 162 17 structure structure NN 23626 162 18 , , , 23626 162 19 since since IN 23626 162 20 this this DT 23626 162 21 is be VBZ 23626 162 22 caused cause VBN 23626 162 23 by by IN 23626 162 24 cleavage cleavage NN 23626 162 25 , , , 23626 162 26 so so IN 23626 162 27 that that IN 23626 162 28 both both DT 23626 162 29 cleavage cleavage VBP 23626 162 30 and and CC 23626 162 31 crystalline crystalline NN 23626 162 32 structure structure NN 23626 162 33 should should MD 23626 162 34 be be VB 23626 162 35 considered consider VBN 23626 162 36 together together RB 23626 162 37 . . . 23626 163 1 Thus thus RB 23626 163 2 we -PRON- PRP 23626 163 3 see see VBP 23626 163 4 that that IN 23626 163 5 given give VBN 23626 163 6 an an DT 23626 163 7 unchangeable unchangeable JJ 23626 163 8 crystal crystal NN 23626 163 9 with with IN 23626 163 10 cleavage cleavage NN 23626 163 11 planes plane NNS 23626 163 12 evident evident JJ 23626 163 13 , , , 23626 163 14 it -PRON- PRP 23626 163 15 is be VBZ 23626 163 16 possible possible JJ 23626 163 17 easily easily RB 23626 163 18 to to TO 23626 163 19 reproduce reproduce VB 23626 163 20 the the DT 23626 163 21 same same JJ 23626 163 22 form form NN 23626 163 23 over over RB 23626 163 24 and and CC 23626 163 25 over over RB 23626 163 26 again again RB 23626 163 27 by by IN 23626 163 28 splitting splitting NN 23626 163 29 , , , 23626 163 30 whereas whereas IN 23626 163 31 by by IN 23626 163 32 simply simply RB 23626 163 33 breaking break VBG 23626 163 34 , , , 23626 163 35 the the DT 23626 163 36 form form NN 23626 163 37 of of IN 23626 163 38 the the DT 23626 163 39 crystal crystal NN 23626 163 40 would would MD 23626 163 41 be be VB 23626 163 42 lost lose VBN 23626 163 43 ; ; : 23626 163 44 just just RB 23626 163 45 as as IN 23626 163 46 a a DT 23626 163 47 rhomb rhomb NN 23626 163 48 of of IN 23626 163 49 Iceland Iceland NNP 23626 163 50 spar spar NNS 23626 163 51 might may MD 23626 163 52 be be VB 23626 163 53 sawn saw VBN 23626 163 54 or or CC 23626 163 55 broken break VBN 23626 163 56 across across IN 23626 163 57 the the DT 23626 163 58 middle middle NN 23626 163 59 and and CC 23626 163 60 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 163 61 form form NN 23626 163 62 lost lose VBN 23626 163 63 , , , 23626 163 64 although although IN 23626 163 65 this this DT 23626 163 66 would would MD 23626 163 67 really really RB 23626 163 68 be be VB 23626 163 69 more more RBR 23626 163 70 apparent apparent JJ 23626 163 71 than than IN 23626 163 72 real real JJ 23626 163 73 , , , 23626 163 74 since since IN 23626 163 75 it -PRON- PRP 23626 163 76 would would MD 23626 163 77 be be VB 23626 163 78 an an DT 23626 163 79 alteration alteration NN 23626 163 80 in in IN 23626 163 81 the the DT 23626 163 82 mass mass NN 23626 163 83 and and CC 23626 163 84 not not RB 23626 163 85 in in IN 23626 163 86 the the DT 23626 163 87 shape shape NN 23626 163 88 of of IN 23626 163 89 each each DT 23626 163 90 individual individual JJ 23626 163 91 crystal crystal NN 23626 163 92 . . . 23626 164 1 And and CC 23626 164 2 given give VBN 23626 164 3 further further JJ 23626 164 4 cleavage cleavage NN 23626 164 5 , , , 23626 164 6 by by IN 23626 164 7 time time NN 23626 164 8 or or CC 23626 164 9 a a DT 23626 164 10 sudden sudden JJ 23626 164 11 breaking break VBG 23626 164 12 down down RP 23626 164 13 , , , 23626 164 14 even even RB 23626 164 15 the the DT 23626 164 16 mass mass NN 23626 164 17 , , , 23626 164 18 as as IN 23626 164 19 mass mass NN 23626 164 20 , , , 23626 164 21 would would MD 23626 164 22 eventually eventually RB 23626 164 23 become become VB 23626 164 24 split split JJ 23626 164 25 into into IN 23626 164 26 smaller small JJR 23626 164 27 but but CC 23626 164 28 perfect perfect JJ 23626 164 29 rhombs rhomb NNS 23626 164 30 . . . 23626 165 1 Much much JJ 23626 165 2 skill skill NN 23626 165 3 is be VBZ 23626 165 4 , , , 23626 165 5 therefore therefore RB 23626 165 6 , , , 23626 165 7 required require VBN 23626 165 8 in in IN 23626 165 9 cutting cut VBG 23626 165 10 and and CC 23626 165 11 fashioning fashion VBG 23626 165 12 a a DT 23626 165 13 precious precious JJ 23626 165 14 stone stone NN 23626 165 15 , , , 23626 165 16 otherwise otherwise RB 23626 165 17 the the DT 23626 165 18 gem gem NN 23626 165 19 may may MD 23626 165 20 be be VB 23626 165 21 ruined ruin VBN 23626 165 22 at at IN 23626 165 23 the the DT 23626 165 24 onset onset NN 23626 165 25 , , , 23626 165 26 for for IN 23626 165 27 it -PRON- PRP 23626 165 28 will will MD 23626 165 29 only only RB 23626 165 30 divide divide VB 23626 165 31 along along IN 23626 165 32 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 165 33 lines line NNS 23626 165 34 of of IN 23626 165 35 cleavage cleavage NN 23626 165 36 , , , 23626 165 37 and and CC 23626 165 38 any any DT 23626 165 39 mistake mistake NN 23626 165 40 in in IN 23626 165 41 deciding decide VBG 23626 165 42 upon upon IN 23626 165 43 these these DT 23626 165 44 , , , 23626 165 45 would would MD 23626 165 46 " " `` 23626 165 47 break break VB 23626 165 48 , , , 23626 165 49 " " '' 23626 165 50 not not RB 23626 165 51 " " `` 23626 165 52 split split VBN 23626 165 53 " " '' 23626 165 54 the the DT 23626 165 55 stone stone NN 23626 165 56 , , , 23626 165 57 and and CC 23626 165 58 destroy destroy VB 23626 165 59 the the DT 23626 165 60 beauty beauty NN 23626 165 61 of of IN 23626 165 62 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 165 63 crystalline crystalline NN 23626 165 64 structure structure NN 23626 165 65 . . . 23626 166 1 An an DT 23626 166 2 example example NN 23626 166 3 of of IN 23626 166 4 this this DT 23626 166 5 was be VBD 23626 166 6 specially specially RB 23626 166 7 seen see VBN 23626 166 8 in in IN 23626 166 9 the the DT 23626 166 10 great great JJ 23626 166 11 Cullinan Cullinan NNP 23626 166 12 diamond diamond NN 23626 166 13 , , , 23626 166 14 the the DT 23626 166 15 splitting splitting NN 23626 166 16 of of IN 23626 166 17 which which WDT 23626 166 18 was be VBD 23626 166 19 perhaps perhaps RB 23626 166 20 the the DT 23626 166 21 most most RBS 23626 166 22 thrilling thrilling JJ 23626 166 23 moment moment NN 23626 166 24 in in IN 23626 166 25 the the DT 23626 166 26 history history NN 23626 166 27 of of IN 23626 166 28 precious precious JJ 23626 166 29 stones stone NNS 23626 166 30 . . . 23626 167 1 [ [ -LRB- 23626 167 2 A a NN 23626 167 3 ] ] -RRB- 23626 167 4 The the DT 23626 167 5 value value NN 23626 167 6 of of IN 23626 167 7 the the DT 23626 167 8 enormous enormous JJ 23626 167 9 crystal crystal NN 23626 167 10 was be VBD 23626 167 11 almost almost RB 23626 167 12 beyond beyond IN 23626 167 13 computation computation NN 23626 167 14 , , , 23626 167 15 but but CC 23626 167 16 it -PRON- PRP 23626 167 17 had have VBD 23626 167 18 a a DT 23626 167 19 flaw flaw NN 23626 167 20 in in IN 23626 167 21 the the DT 23626 167 22 centre centre NN 23626 167 23 , , , 23626 167 24 and and CC 23626 167 25 in in IN 23626 167 26 order order NN 23626 167 27 to to TO 23626 167 28 cut cut VB 23626 167 29 out out RP 23626 167 30 this this DT 23626 167 31 flaw flaw NN 23626 167 32 it -PRON- PRP 23626 167 33 was be VBD 23626 167 34 necessary necessary JJ 23626 167 35 to to TO 23626 167 36 divide divide VB 23626 167 37 the the DT 23626 167 38 stone stone NN 23626 167 39 into into IN 23626 167 40 two two CD 23626 167 41 pieces piece NNS 23626 167 42 . . . 23626 168 1 The the DT 23626 168 2 planes plane NNS 23626 168 3 of of IN 23626 168 4 cleavage cleavage NN 23626 168 5 were be VBD 23626 168 6 worked work VBN 23626 168 7 out out RP 23626 168 8 , , , 23626 168 9 the the DT 23626 168 10 diamond diamond NN 23626 168 11 was be VBD 23626 168 12 sawn saw VBN 23626 168 13 a a DT 23626 168 14 little little JJ 23626 168 15 , , , 23626 168 16 when when WRB 23626 168 17 the the DT 23626 168 18 operator operator NN 23626 168 19 , , , 23626 168 20 acknowledged acknowledge VBD 23626 168 21 to to TO 23626 168 22 be be VB 23626 168 23 the the DT 23626 168 24 greatest great JJS 23626 168 25 living living NN 23626 168 26 expert expert NN 23626 168 27 , , , 23626 168 28 inserted insert VBD 23626 168 29 a a DT 23626 168 30 knife knife NN 23626 168 31 in in IN 23626 168 32 the the DT 23626 168 33 saw saw NN 23626 168 34 - - HYPH 23626 168 35 mark mark NN 23626 168 36 , , , 23626 168 37 and and CC 23626 168 38 with with IN 23626 168 39 the the DT 23626 168 40 second second JJ 23626 168 41 blow blow NN 23626 168 42 of of IN 23626 168 43 a a DT 23626 168 44 steel steel NN 23626 168 45 rod rod NN 23626 168 46 , , , 23626 168 47 the the DT 23626 168 48 marvellous marvellous JJ 23626 168 49 stone stone NN 23626 168 50 parted part VBD 23626 168 51 precisely precisely RB 23626 168 52 as as IN 23626 168 53 intended intend VBN 23626 168 54 , , , 23626 168 55 cutting cut VBG 23626 168 56 the the DT 23626 168 57 flaw flaw NN 23626 168 58 exactly exactly RB 23626 168 59 in in IN 23626 168 60 two two CD 23626 168 61 , , , 23626 168 62 leaving leave VBG 23626 168 63 half half NN 23626 168 64 of of IN 23626 168 65 it -PRON- PRP 23626 168 66 on on IN 23626 168 67 the the DT 23626 168 68 outside outside NN 23626 168 69 of of IN 23626 168 70 each each DT 23626 168 71 divided divide VBN 23626 168 72 portion portion NN 23626 168 73 . . . 23626 169 1 The the DT 23626 169 2 slightest slight JJS 23626 169 3 miscalculation miscalculation NN 23626 169 4 would would MD 23626 169 5 have have VB 23626 169 6 meant mean VBN 23626 169 7 enormous enormous JJ 23626 169 8 loss loss NN 23626 169 9 , , , 23626 169 10 if if IN 23626 169 11 not not RB 23626 169 12 ruin ruin NN 23626 169 13 , , , 23626 169 14 to to IN 23626 169 15 the the DT 23626 169 16 stone stone NN 23626 169 17 , , , 23626 169 18 but but CC 23626 169 19 the the DT 23626 169 20 greatest great JJS 23626 169 21 feat feat NN 23626 169 22 the the DT 23626 169 23 world world NN 23626 169 24 has have VBZ 23626 169 25 ever ever RB 23626 169 26 known know VBN 23626 169 27 in in IN 23626 169 28 the the DT 23626 169 29 splitting splitting NN 23626 169 30 of of IN 23626 169 31 a a DT 23626 169 32 priceless priceless JJ 23626 169 33 diamond diamond NN 23626 169 34 was be VBD 23626 169 35 accomplished accomplish VBN 23626 169 36 successfully successfully RB 23626 169 37 by by IN 23626 169 38 this this DT 23626 169 39 skilful skilful JJ 23626 169 40 expert expert NN 23626 169 41 in in IN 23626 169 42 an an DT 23626 169 43 Amsterdam Amsterdam NNP 23626 169 44 workroom workroom NN 23626 169 45 in in IN 23626 169 46 February February NNP 23626 169 47 , , , 23626 169 48 1908 1908 CD 23626 169 49 . . . 23626 170 1 Some some DT 23626 170 2 idea idea NN 23626 170 3 of of IN 23626 170 4 the the DT 23626 170 5 risk risk NN 23626 170 6 involved involve VBN 23626 170 7 may may MD 23626 170 8 be be VB 23626 170 9 gathered gather VBN 23626 170 10 from from IN 23626 170 11 the the DT 23626 170 12 fact fact NN 23626 170 13 that that IN 23626 170 14 this this DT 23626 170 15 stone stone NN 23626 170 16 , , , 23626 170 17 the the DT 23626 170 18 largest large JJS 23626 170 19 ever ever RB 23626 170 20 discovered discover VBN 23626 170 21 , , , 23626 170 22 in in IN 23626 170 23 the the DT 23626 170 24 rough rough JJ 23626 170 25 weighed weigh VBD 23626 170 26 nearly nearly RB 23626 170 27 3,254 3,254 CD 23626 170 28 carats carat NNS 23626 170 29 , , , 23626 170 30 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 170 31 value value NN 23626 170 32 being be VBG 23626 170 33 almost almost RB 23626 170 34 anything anything NN 23626 170 35 one one CD 23626 170 36 cared care VBN 23626 170 37 to to IN 23626 170 38 state state NN 23626 170 39 -- -- : 23626 170 40 incalculable incalculable JJ 23626 170 41 . . . 23626 171 1 [ [ -LRB- 23626 171 2 Footnote Footnote NNP 23626 171 3 A A NNP 23626 171 4 : : : 23626 171 5 The the DT 23626 171 6 hammer hammer NN 23626 171 7 and and CC 23626 171 8 knife knife NN 23626 171 9 used use VBN 23626 171 10 in in IN 23626 171 11 cutting cut VBG 23626 171 12 the the DT 23626 171 13 diamond diamond NN 23626 171 14 , , , 23626 171 15 the the DT 23626 171 16 two two CD 23626 171 17 largest large JJS 23626 171 18 pieces piece NNS 23626 171 19 of of IN 23626 171 20 which which WDT 23626 171 21 are be VBP 23626 171 22 now now RB 23626 171 23 called call VBN 23626 171 24 " " `` 23626 171 25 The the DT 23626 171 26 Stars Stars NNPS 23626 171 27 of of IN 23626 171 28 Africa Africa NNP 23626 171 29 , , , 23626 171 30 " " '' 23626 171 31 together together RB 23626 171 32 with with IN 23626 171 33 a a DT 23626 171 34 model model NN 23626 171 35 of of IN 23626 171 36 the the DT 23626 171 37 great great JJ 23626 171 38 uncut uncut JJ 23626 171 39 stone stone NN 23626 171 40 , , , 23626 171 41 are be VBP 23626 171 42 in in IN 23626 171 43 the the DT 23626 171 44 Tower Tower NNP 23626 171 45 of of IN 23626 171 46 London London NNP 23626 171 47 amongst amongst IN 23626 171 48 the the DT 23626 171 49 Regalia Regalia NNP 23626 171 50 . . . 23626 171 51 ] ] -RRB- 23626 172 1 These these DT 23626 172 2 cleavage cleavage NN 23626 172 3 planes plane NNS 23626 172 4 help help VBP 23626 172 5 considerably considerably RB 23626 172 6 in in IN 23626 172 7 the the DT 23626 172 8 bringing bringing NN 23626 172 9 of of IN 23626 172 10 the the DT 23626 172 11 stone stone NN 23626 172 12 to to TO 23626 172 13 shape shape VB 23626 172 14 , , , 23626 172 15 for for IN 23626 172 16 in in IN 23626 172 17 a a DT 23626 172 18 broad broad JJ 23626 172 19 sense sense NN 23626 172 20 , , , 23626 172 21 a a DT 23626 172 22 finished finished JJ 23626 172 23 cut cut VBN 23626 172 24 stone stone NN 23626 172 25 may may MD 23626 172 26 be be VB 23626 172 27 said say VBN 23626 172 28 to to TO 23626 172 29 be be VB 23626 172 30 in in IN 23626 172 31 the the DT 23626 172 32 form form NN 23626 172 33 in in IN 23626 172 34 which which WDT 23626 172 35 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 172 36 cleavages cleavage NNS 23626 172 37 bring bring VBP 23626 172 38 it -PRON- PRP 23626 172 39 . . . 23626 173 1 Particularly particularly RB 23626 173 2 is be VBZ 23626 173 3 this this DT 23626 173 4 seen see VBN 23626 173 5 in in IN 23626 173 6 the the DT 23626 173 7 diamond diamond NN 23626 173 8 " " `` 23626 173 9 brilliant brilliant JJ 23626 173 10 , , , 23626 173 11 " " '' 23626 173 12 which which WDT 23626 173 13 plainly plainly RB 23626 173 14 evidences evidence VBZ 23626 173 15 the the DT 23626 173 16 four four CD 23626 173 17 cleavage cleavage NN 23626 173 18 planes plane NNS 23626 173 19 . . . 23626 174 1 These these DT 23626 174 2 cleavage cleavage VBP 23626 174 3 planes plane NNS 23626 174 4 and and CC 23626 174 5 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 174 6 number number NN 23626 174 7 are be VBP 23626 174 8 a a DT 23626 174 9 simple simple JJ 23626 174 10 means means NN 23626 174 11 of of IN 23626 174 12 identification identification NN 23626 174 13 of of IN 23626 174 14 precious precious JJ 23626 174 15 stones stone NNS 23626 174 16 , , , 23626 174 17 though though IN 23626 174 18 those those DT 23626 174 19 possessing possess VBG 23626 174 20 distinct distinct JJ 23626 174 21 and and CC 23626 174 22 ready ready JJ 23626 174 23 cleavages cleavage NNS 23626 174 24 are be VBP 23626 174 25 extremely extremely RB 23626 174 26 liable liable JJ 23626 174 27 to to TO 23626 174 28 " " `` 23626 174 29 start start VB 23626 174 30 " " '' 23626 174 31 or or CC 23626 174 32 " " `` 23626 174 33 split split VB 23626 174 34 " " '' 23626 174 35 on on IN 23626 174 36 these these DT 23626 174 37 planes plane NNS 23626 174 38 by by IN 23626 174 39 extremes extreme NNS 23626 174 40 of of IN 23626 174 41 heat heat NN 23626 174 42 and and CC 23626 174 43 cold cold JJ 23626 174 44 , , , 23626 174 45 accidental accidental JJ 23626 174 46 blows blow NNS 23626 174 47 , , , 23626 174 48 sudden sudden JJ 23626 174 49 shocks shock NNS 23626 174 50 and and CC 23626 174 51 the the DT 23626 174 52 like like JJ 23626 174 53 . . . 23626 175 1 In in IN 23626 175 2 stones stone NNS 23626 175 3 possessing possess VBG 23626 175 4 certain certain JJ 23626 175 5 crystalline crystalline NN 23626 175 6 structure structure NN 23626 175 7 , , , 23626 175 8 the the DT 23626 175 9 cleavage cleavage NN 23626 175 10 planes plane NNS 23626 175 11 are be VBP 23626 175 12 the the DT 23626 175 13 readiest readiest NN 23626 175 14 , , , 23626 175 15 often often RB 23626 175 16 the the DT 23626 175 17 only only JJ 23626 175 18 , , , 23626 175 19 means mean NNS 23626 175 20 of of IN 23626 175 21 identification identification NN 23626 175 22 , , , 23626 175 23 especially especially RB 23626 175 24 when when WRB 23626 175 25 the the DT 23626 175 26 stones stone NNS 23626 175 27 are be VBP 23626 175 28 chemically chemically RB 23626 175 29 coloured colour VBN 23626 175 30 to to TO 23626 175 31 imitate imitate VB 23626 175 32 a a DT 23626 175 33 more more RBR 23626 175 34 valuable valuable JJ 23626 175 35 stone stone NN 23626 175 36 . . . 23626 176 1 In in IN 23626 176 2 such such JJ 23626 176 3 cases case NNS 23626 176 4 the the DT 23626 176 5 cleavage cleavage NN 23626 176 6 of of IN 23626 176 7 one one CD 23626 176 8 stone stone NN 23626 176 9 is be VBZ 23626 176 10 often often RB 23626 176 11 of of IN 23626 176 12 paramount paramount JJ 23626 176 13 importance importance NN 23626 176 14 in in IN 23626 176 15 testing test VBG 23626 176 16 the the DT 23626 176 17 cleavage cleavage NN 23626 176 18 of of IN 23626 176 19 another another DT 23626 176 20 , , , 23626 176 21 as as IN 23626 176 22 is be VBZ 23626 176 23 seen see VBN 23626 176 24 in in IN 23626 176 25 the the DT 23626 176 26 perfection perfection NN 23626 176 27 of of IN 23626 176 28 the the DT 23626 176 29 cleavage cleavage NN 23626 176 30 planes plane NNS 23626 176 31 of of IN 23626 176 32 calcite calcite NN 23626 176 33 , , , 23626 176 34 which which WDT 23626 176 35 is be VBZ 23626 176 36 used use VBN 23626 176 37 in in IN 23626 176 38 the the DT 23626 176 39 polariscope polariscope NN 23626 176 40 . . . 23626 177 1 It -PRON- PRP 23626 177 2 sometimes sometimes RB 23626 177 3 happens happen VBZ 23626 177 4 , , , 23626 177 5 however however RB 23626 177 6 , , , 23626 177 7 that that IN 23626 177 8 false false JJ 23626 177 9 conditions condition NNS 23626 177 10 arise arise VBP 23626 177 11 , , , 23626 177 12 such such JJ 23626 177 13 as as IN 23626 177 14 in in IN 23626 177 15 substances substance NNS 23626 177 16 which which WDT 23626 177 17 are be VBP 23626 177 18 of of IN 23626 177 19 no no DT 23626 177 20 form form NN 23626 177 21 or or CC 23626 177 22 shape shape NN 23626 177 23 , , , 23626 177 24 and and CC 23626 177 25 are be VBP 23626 177 26 in in IN 23626 177 27 all all DT 23626 177 28 respects respect NNS 23626 177 29 and and CC 23626 177 30 directions direction NNS 23626 177 31 without without IN 23626 177 32 regular regular JJ 23626 177 33 structure structure NN 23626 177 34 and and CC 23626 177 35 show show VBP 23626 177 36 no no DT 23626 177 37 crystallisation crystallisation NN 23626 177 38 even even RB 23626 177 39 in in IN 23626 177 40 the the DT 23626 177 41 minutest minute JJS 23626 177 42 particles particle NNS 23626 177 43 ; ; : 23626 177 44 these these DT 23626 177 45 are be VBP 23626 177 46 called call VBN 23626 177 47 amorphous amorphous JJ 23626 177 48 . . . 23626 178 1 Such such PDT 23626 178 2 a a DT 23626 178 3 condition condition NN 23626 178 4 sometimes sometimes RB 23626 178 5 enters enter VBZ 23626 178 6 wholly wholly RB 23626 178 7 or or CC 23626 178 8 partially partially RB 23626 178 9 into into IN 23626 178 10 the the DT 23626 178 11 crystalline crystalline NN 23626 178 12 structure structure NN 23626 178 13 , , , 23626 178 14 and and CC 23626 178 15 the the DT 23626 178 16 mineral mineral NN 23626 178 17 loses lose VBZ 23626 178 18 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 178 19 true true JJ 23626 178 20 form form NN 23626 178 21 , , , 23626 178 22 possessing possess VBG 23626 178 23 instead instead RB 23626 178 24 the the DT 23626 178 25 form form NN 23626 178 26 of of IN 23626 178 27 crystals crystal NNS 23626 178 28 , , , 23626 178 29 but but CC 23626 178 30 without without IN 23626 178 31 a a DT 23626 178 32 crystalline crystalline NN 23626 178 33 structure structure NN 23626 178 34 . . . 23626 179 1 It -PRON- PRP 23626 179 2 is be VBZ 23626 179 3 then then RB 23626 179 4 called call VBN 23626 179 5 a a DT 23626 179 6 pseudomorph pseudomorph NN 23626 179 7 , , , 23626 179 8 which which WDT 23626 179 9 is be VBZ 23626 179 10 a a DT 23626 179 11 term term NN 23626 179 12 applied apply VBN 23626 179 13 to to IN 23626 179 14 any any DT 23626 179 15 mineral mineral NN 23626 179 16 which which WDT 23626 179 17 , , , 23626 179 18 instead instead RB 23626 179 19 of of IN 23626 179 20 having have VBG 23626 179 21 the the DT 23626 179 22 form form NN 23626 179 23 it -PRON- PRP 23626 179 24 should should MD 23626 179 25 possess possess VB 23626 179 26 , , , 23626 179 27 shows show VBZ 23626 179 28 the the DT 23626 179 29 form form NN 23626 179 30 of of IN 23626 179 31 something something NN 23626 179 32 which which WDT 23626 179 33 has have VBZ 23626 179 34 altered alter VBN 23626 179 35 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 179 36 structure structure NN 23626 179 37 completely completely RB 23626 179 38 , , , 23626 179 39 and and CC 23626 179 40 then then RB 23626 179 41 disappeared disappear VBD 23626 179 42 . . . 23626 180 1 For for IN 23626 180 2 instance instance NN 23626 180 3 : : : 23626 180 4 very very RB 23626 180 5 often often RB 23626 180 6 , , , 23626 180 7 in in IN 23626 180 8 a a DT 23626 180 9 certain certain JJ 23626 180 10 cavity cavity NN 23626 180 11 , , , 23626 180 12 fluorspar fluorspar NNP 23626 180 13 has have VBZ 23626 180 14 existed exist VBN 23626 180 15 originally originally RB 23626 180 16 , , , 23626 180 17 but but CC 23626 180 18 , , , 23626 180 19 through through IN 23626 180 20 some some DT 23626 180 21 chemical chemical NN 23626 180 22 means mean NNS 23626 180 23 , , , 23626 180 24 has have VBZ 23626 180 25 been be VBN 23626 180 26 slowly slowly RB 23626 180 27 changed change VBN 23626 180 28 to to IN 23626 180 29 quartz quartz NNP 23626 180 30 , , , 23626 180 31 so so IN 23626 180 32 that that IN 23626 180 33 , , , 23626 180 34 as as IN 23626 180 35 crystals crystal NNS 23626 180 36 can can MD 23626 180 37 not not RB 23626 180 38 be be VB 23626 180 39 changed change VBN 23626 180 40 in in IN 23626 180 41 shape shape NN 23626 180 42 , , , 23626 180 43 we -PRON- PRP 23626 180 44 find find VBP 23626 180 45 quartz quartz NN 23626 180 46 existing exist VBG 23626 180 47 -- -- : 23626 180 48 undeniably undeniably RB 23626 180 49 quartz quartz NN 23626 180 50 -- -- : 23626 180 51 yet yet CC 23626 180 52 possessing possess VBG 23626 180 53 the the DT 23626 180 54 crystals crystal NNS 23626 180 55 of of IN 23626 180 56 fluorspar fluorspar NNS 23626 180 57 ; ; : 23626 180 58 therefore therefore RB 23626 180 59 the the DT 23626 180 60 quartz quartz NN 23626 180 61 becomes become VBZ 23626 180 62 a a DT 23626 180 63 pseudomorph pseudomorph NN 23626 180 64 , , , 23626 180 65 the the DT 23626 180 66 condition condition NN 23626 180 67 being be VBG 23626 180 68 an an DT 23626 180 69 example example NN 23626 180 70 of of IN 23626 180 71 what what WP 23626 180 72 is be VBZ 23626 180 73 termed term VBN 23626 180 74 pseudomorphism pseudomorphism NN 23626 180 75 . . . 23626 181 1 The the DT 23626 181 2 actual actual JJ 23626 181 3 cause cause NN 23626 181 4 of of IN 23626 181 5 this this DT 23626 181 6 curious curious JJ 23626 181 7 chemical chemical NN 23626 181 8 change change NN 23626 181 9 or or CC 23626 181 10 substitution substitution NN 23626 181 11 is be VBZ 23626 181 12 not not RB 23626 181 13 known know VBN 23626 181 14 with with IN 23626 181 15 certainty certainty NN 23626 181 16 , , , 23626 181 17 but but CC 23626 181 18 it -PRON- PRP 23626 181 19 is be VBZ 23626 181 20 interesting interesting JJ 23626 181 21 to to TO 23626 181 22 note note VB 23626 181 23 the the DT 23626 181 24 conditions condition NNS 23626 181 25 in in IN 23626 181 26 which which WDT 23626 181 27 such such JJ 23626 181 28 changes change NNS 23626 181 29 do do VBP 23626 181 30 occur occur VB 23626 181 31 . . . 23626 182 1 It -PRON- PRP 23626 182 2 is be VBZ 23626 182 3 found find VBN 23626 182 4 that that IN 23626 182 5 in in IN 23626 182 6 some some DT 23626 182 7 cases case NNS 23626 182 8 , , , 23626 182 9 the the DT 23626 182 10 matrix matrix NN 23626 182 11 of of IN 23626 182 12 a a DT 23626 182 13 certain certain JJ 23626 182 14 shaped shape VBN 23626 182 15 crystal crystal NN 23626 182 16 may may MD 23626 182 17 , , , 23626 182 18 after after IN 23626 182 19 the the DT 23626 182 20 crystal crystal NN 23626 182 21 is be VBZ 23626 182 22 dissolved dissolve VBN 23626 182 23 or or CC 23626 182 24 taken take VBN 23626 182 25 away away RB 23626 182 26 , , , 23626 182 27 become become VBN 23626 182 28 filled fill VBN 23626 182 29 by by IN 23626 182 30 some some DT 23626 182 31 other other JJ 23626 182 32 and and CC 23626 182 33 foreign foreign JJ 23626 182 34 substance substance NN 23626 182 35 , , , 23626 182 36 perhaps perhaps RB 23626 182 37 in in IN 23626 182 38 liquid liquid JJ 23626 182 39 form form NN 23626 182 40 ; ; : 23626 182 41 or or CC 23626 182 42 a a DT 23626 182 43 crystalline crystalline NN 23626 182 44 substance substance NN 23626 182 45 may may MD 23626 182 46 become become VB 23626 182 47 coated coated JJ 23626 182 48 or or CC 23626 182 49 " " `` 23626 182 50 invested invest VBN 23626 182 51 " " '' 23626 182 52 by by IN 23626 182 53 another another DT 23626 182 54 foreign foreign JJ 23626 182 55 substance substance NN 23626 182 56 , , , 23626 182 57 which which WDT 23626 182 58 thus thus RB 23626 182 59 takes take VBZ 23626 182 60 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 182 61 shape shape NN 23626 182 62 ; ; , 23626 182 63 or or CC 23626 182 64 actual actual JJ 23626 182 65 chemical chemical NN 23626 182 66 change change NN 23626 182 67 takes take VBZ 23626 182 68 place place NN 23626 182 69 by by IN 23626 182 70 means mean NNS 23626 182 71 of of IN 23626 182 72 an an DT 23626 182 73 incoming incoming JJ 23626 182 74 substance substance NN 23626 182 75 which which WDT 23626 182 76 slowly slowly RB 23626 182 77 alters alter VBZ 23626 182 78 the the DT 23626 182 79 original original JJ 23626 182 80 substance substance NN 23626 182 81 , , , 23626 182 82 so so IN 23626 182 83 that that IN 23626 182 84 eventually eventually RB 23626 182 85 each each DT 23626 182 86 is be VBZ 23626 182 87 false false JJ 23626 182 88 and and CC 23626 182 89 both both DT 23626 182 90 become become VBP 23626 182 91 pseudomorphs pseudomorph NNS 23626 182 92 . . . 23626 183 1 This this DT 23626 183 2 curious curious JJ 23626 183 3 change change NN 23626 183 4 often often RB 23626 183 5 takes take VBZ 23626 183 6 place place NN 23626 183 7 with with IN 23626 183 8 precious precious JJ 23626 183 9 stones stone NNS 23626 183 10 , , , 23626 183 11 as as RB 23626 183 12 well well RB 23626 183 13 as as IN 23626 183 14 with with IN 23626 183 15 other other JJ 23626 183 16 minerals mineral NNS 23626 183 17 , , , 23626 183 18 and and CC 23626 183 19 to to IN 23626 183 20 such such PDT 23626 183 21 an an DT 23626 183 22 extent extent NN 23626 183 23 that that IN 23626 183 24 it -PRON- PRP 23626 183 25 sometimes sometimes RB 23626 183 26 becomes become VBZ 23626 183 27 difficult difficult JJ 23626 183 28 to to TO 23626 183 29 say say VB 23626 183 30 what what WP 23626 183 31 the the DT 23626 183 32 stone stone NN 23626 183 33 ought ought MD 23626 183 34 really really RB 23626 183 35 to to TO 23626 183 36 be be VB 23626 183 37 called call VBN 23626 183 38 . . . 23626 184 1 Pseudomorphs Pseudomorphs NNP 23626 184 2 are be VBP 23626 184 3 , , , 23626 184 4 however however RB 23626 184 5 , , , 23626 184 6 comparatively comparatively RB 23626 184 7 easy easy JJ 23626 184 8 of of IN 23626 184 9 isolation isolation NN 23626 184 10 and and CC 23626 184 11 detection detection NN 23626 184 12 , , , 23626 184 13 being be VBG 23626 184 14 more more RBR 23626 184 15 or or CC 23626 184 16 less less RBR 23626 184 17 rounded rounded JJ 23626 184 18 in in IN 23626 184 19 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 184 20 crystalline crystalline NN 23626 184 21 form form NN 23626 184 22 , , , 23626 184 23 instead instead RB 23626 184 24 of of IN 23626 184 25 having have VBG 23626 184 26 sharp sharp JJ 23626 184 27 , , , 23626 184 28 well well RB 23626 184 29 - - HYPH 23626 184 30 defined define VBN 23626 184 31 angles angle NNS 23626 184 32 and and CC 23626 184 33 edges edge NNS 23626 184 34 ; ; : 23626 184 35 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 184 36 surfaces surface NNS 23626 184 37 also also RB 23626 184 38 are be VBP 23626 184 39 not not RB 23626 184 40 good good JJ 23626 184 41 . . . 23626 185 1 These these DT 23626 185 2 stones stone NNS 23626 185 3 are be VBP 23626 185 4 of of IN 23626 185 5 little little JJ 23626 185 6 value value NN 23626 185 7 , , , 23626 185 8 except except IN 23626 185 9 in in IN 23626 185 10 the the DT 23626 185 11 specially specially RB 23626 185 12 curious curious JJ 23626 185 13 examples example NNS 23626 185 14 , , , 23626 185 15 when when WRB 23626 185 16 they -PRON- PRP 23626 185 17 become become VBP 23626 185 18 rare rare JJ 23626 185 19 more more JJR 23626 185 20 by by IN 23626 185 21 reason reason NN 23626 185 22 of of IN 23626 185 23 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 185 24 curiosity curiosity NN 23626 185 25 than than IN 23626 185 26 by by IN 23626 185 27 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 185 28 utility utility NN 23626 185 29 as as IN 23626 185 30 gems gem NNS 23626 185 31 . . . 23626 186 1 Some some DT 23626 186 2 also also RB 23626 186 3 show show VBP 23626 186 4 cleavage cleavage NN 23626 186 5 planes plane NNS 23626 186 6 of of IN 23626 186 7 two two CD 23626 186 8 or or CC 23626 186 9 more more JJR 23626 186 10 systems system NNS 23626 186 11 , , , 23626 186 12 and and CC 23626 186 13 others other NNS 23626 186 14 show show VBP 23626 186 15 a a DT 23626 186 16 crystalline crystalline JJ 23626 186 17 structure structure NN 23626 186 18 comprised comprise VBN 23626 186 19 of of IN 23626 186 20 several several JJ 23626 186 21 systems system NNS 23626 186 22 . . . 23626 187 1 Thus thus RB 23626 187 2 calcspar calcspar NNS 23626 187 3 is be VBZ 23626 187 4 in in IN 23626 187 5 the the DT 23626 187 6 2nd 2nd NN 23626 187 7 , , , 23626 187 8 or or CC 23626 187 9 hexagonal hexagonal JJ 23626 187 10 , , , 23626 187 11 whilst whilst IN 23626 187 12 aragonite aragonite NNP 23626 187 13 is be VBZ 23626 187 14 in in IN 23626 187 15 the the DT 23626 187 16 4th 4th NN 23626 187 17 , , , 23626 187 18 the the DT 23626 187 19 rhombic rhombic JJ 23626 187 20 , , , 23626 187 21 system system NN 23626 187 22 , , , 23626 187 23 yet yet CC 23626 187 24 both both DT 23626 187 25 are be VBP 23626 187 26 the the DT 23626 187 27 same same JJ 23626 187 28 substance substance NN 23626 187 29 , , , 23626 187 30 viz viz NN 23626 187 31 . . . 23626 188 1 : : : 23626 188 2 --carbonate --carbonate NN 23626 188 3 of of IN 23626 188 4 lime lime NN 23626 188 5 . . . 23626 189 1 Such such PDT 23626 189 2 a a DT 23626 189 3 condition condition NN 23626 189 4 is be VBZ 23626 189 5 called call VBN 23626 189 6 dimorphism dimorphism NN 23626 189 7 ; ; : 23626 189 8 those those DT 23626 189 9 minerals mineral NNS 23626 189 10 which which WDT 23626 189 11 crystallise crystallise VBP 23626 189 12 in in IN 23626 189 13 three three CD 23626 189 14 systems system NNS 23626 189 15 are be VBP 23626 189 16 said say VBN 23626 189 17 to to TO 23626 189 18 be be VB 23626 189 19 trimorphous trimorphous JJ 23626 189 20 . . . 23626 190 1 Those those DT 23626 190 2 in in IN 23626 190 3 a a DT 23626 190 4 number number NN 23626 190 5 of of IN 23626 190 6 systems system NNS 23626 190 7 are be VBP 23626 190 8 polymorphous polymorphous JJ 23626 190 9 , , , 23626 190 10 and and CC 23626 190 11 of of IN 23626 190 12 these these DT 23626 190 13 sulphur sulphur NN 23626 190 14 may may MD 23626 190 15 be be VB 23626 190 16 taken take VBN 23626 190 17 as as IN 23626 190 18 an an DT 23626 190 19 example example NN 23626 190 20 , , , 23626 190 21 since since IN 23626 190 22 it -PRON- PRP 23626 190 23 possesses possess VBZ 23626 190 24 thirty thirty CD 23626 190 25 or or CC 23626 190 26 more more JJR 23626 190 27 modifications modification NNS 23626 190 28 of of IN 23626 190 29 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 190 30 crystalline crystalline NN 23626 190 31 structure structure NN 23626 190 32 , , , 23626 190 33 though though IN 23626 190 34 some some DT 23626 190 35 authorities authority NNS 23626 190 36 eliminate eliminate VBP 23626 190 37 nearly nearly RB 23626 190 38 all all PDT 23626 190 39 these these DT 23626 190 40 , , , 23626 190 41 and and CC 23626 190 42 , , , 23626 190 43 since since IN 23626 190 44 it -PRON- PRP 23626 190 45 is be VBZ 23626 190 46 most most RBS 23626 190 47 frequently frequently RB 23626 190 48 in in IN 23626 190 49 either either CC 23626 190 50 the the DT 23626 190 51 4th 4th JJ 23626 190 52 ( ( -LRB- 23626 190 53 rhombic rhombic JJ 23626 190 54 ) ) -RRB- 23626 190 55 or or CC 23626 190 56 the the DT 23626 190 57 5th 5th JJ 23626 190 58 ( ( -LRB- 23626 190 59 monoclinic monoclinic JJ 23626 190 60 ) ) -RRB- 23626 190 61 systems system NNS 23626 190 62 , , , 23626 190 63 consider consider VB 23626 190 64 it -PRON- PRP 23626 190 65 as as IN 23626 190 66 an an DT 23626 190 67 example example NN 23626 190 68 of of IN 23626 190 69 dimorphism dimorphism NN 23626 190 70 , , , 23626 190 71 rather rather RB 23626 190 72 than than IN 23626 190 73 polymorphism polymorphism NN 23626 190 74 . . . 23626 191 1 These these DT 23626 191 2 varieties variety NNS 23626 191 3 of of IN 23626 191 4 cleavage cleavage NN 23626 191 5 affect affect VB 23626 191 6 the the DT 23626 191 7 character character NN 23626 191 8 , , , 23626 191 9 beauty beauty NN 23626 191 10 and and CC 23626 191 11 usefulness usefulness NN 23626 191 12 of of IN 23626 191 13 the the DT 23626 191 14 stone stone NN 23626 191 15 to to IN 23626 191 16 a a DT 23626 191 17 remarkable remarkable JJ 23626 191 18 extent extent NN 23626 191 19 , , , 23626 191 20 and and CC 23626 191 21 at at IN 23626 191 22 the the DT 23626 191 23 same same JJ 23626 191 24 time time NN 23626 191 25 form form NN 23626 191 26 a a DT 23626 191 27 means means NN 23626 191 28 of of IN 23626 191 29 ready ready JJ 23626 191 30 and and CC 23626 191 31 certain certain JJ 23626 191 32 identification identification NN 23626 191 33 and and CC 23626 191 34 classification classification NN 23626 191 35 . . . 23626 192 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 23626 192 2 V. V. NNP 23626 192 3 PHYSICAL PHYSICAL NNP 23626 192 4 PROPERTIES PROPERTIES NNP 23626 192 5 . . . 23626 193 1 C C NNP 23626 193 2 -- -- : 23626 193 3 LIGHT LIGHT NNP 23626 193 4 . . . 23626 194 1 Probably probably RB 23626 194 2 the the DT 23626 194 3 most most RBS 23626 194 4 important important JJ 23626 194 5 of of IN 23626 194 6 the the DT 23626 194 7 many many JJ 23626 194 8 important important JJ 23626 194 9 physical physical JJ 23626 194 10 properties property NNS 23626 194 11 possessed possess VBN 23626 194 12 by by IN 23626 194 13 precious precious JJ 23626 194 14 stones stone NNS 23626 194 15 are be VBP 23626 194 16 those those DT 23626 194 17 of of IN 23626 194 18 light light NN 23626 194 19 and and CC 23626 194 20 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 194 21 effects effect NNS 23626 194 22 , , , 23626 194 23 for for IN 23626 194 24 to to IN 23626 194 25 these these DT 23626 194 26 all all DT 23626 194 27 known know VBN 23626 194 28 gems gem NNS 23626 194 29 owe owe VBP 23626 194 30 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 194 31 beauty beauty NN 23626 194 32 , , , 23626 194 33 if if IN 23626 194 34 not not RB 23626 194 35 actual actual JJ 23626 194 36 fascination fascination NN 23626 194 37 . . . 23626 195 1 When when WRB 23626 195 2 light light NN 23626 195 3 strikes strike VBZ 23626 195 4 a a DT 23626 195 5 cut cut JJ 23626 195 6 or or CC 23626 195 7 polished polished JJ 23626 195 8 stone stone NN 23626 195 9 , , , 23626 195 10 one one CD 23626 195 11 or or CC 23626 195 12 more more JJR 23626 195 13 of of IN 23626 195 14 the the DT 23626 195 15 following following JJ 23626 195 16 effects effect NNS 23626 195 17 are be VBP 23626 195 18 observed:--it observed:--it NNP 23626 195 19 may may MD 23626 195 20 be be VB 23626 195 21 transmitted transmit VBN 23626 195 22 through through IN 23626 195 23 the the DT 23626 195 24 stone stone NN 23626 195 25 , , , 23626 195 26 diaphaneity diaphaneity NN 23626 195 27 , , , 23626 195 28 as as IN 23626 195 29 it -PRON- PRP 23626 195 30 is be VBZ 23626 195 31 called call VBN 23626 195 32 ; ; : 23626 195 33 it -PRON- PRP 23626 195 34 may may MD 23626 195 35 produce produce VB 23626 195 36 single single JJ 23626 195 37 or or CC 23626 195 38 double double JJ 23626 195 39 refraction refraction NN 23626 195 40 , , , 23626 195 41 or or CC 23626 195 42 polarisation polarisation NN 23626 195 43 ; ; : 23626 195 44 if if IN 23626 195 45 reflected reflect VBN 23626 195 46 , , , 23626 195 47 it -PRON- PRP 23626 195 48 may may MD 23626 195 49 produce produce VB 23626 195 50 lustre lustre NNP 23626 195 51 or or CC 23626 195 52 colour colour NN 23626 195 53 ; ; , 23626 195 54 or or CC 23626 195 55 it -PRON- PRP 23626 195 56 may may MD 23626 195 57 produce produce VB 23626 195 58 phosphorescence phosphorescence NN 23626 195 59 ; ; : 23626 195 60 so so CC 23626 195 61 that that IN 23626 195 62 light light NN 23626 195 63 may may MD 23626 195 64 be be VB 23626 195 65 ( ( -LRB- 23626 195 66 1 1 LS 23626 195 67 ) ) -RRB- 23626 195 68 transmitted transmit VBN 23626 195 69 ; ; : 23626 195 70 ( ( -LRB- 23626 195 71 2 2 LS 23626 195 72 ) ) -RRB- 23626 195 73 reflected reflect VBD 23626 195 74 ; ; : 23626 195 75 or or CC 23626 195 76 produce produce VB 23626 195 77 ( ( -LRB- 23626 195 78 3 3 LS 23626 195 79 ) ) -RRB- 23626 195 80 phosphorescence phosphorescence NN 23626 195 81 . . . 23626 196 1 ( ( -LRB- 23626 196 2 1 1 LS 23626 196 3 ) ) -RRB- 23626 196 4 TRANSMISSION.--In TRANSMISSION.--In NNP 23626 196 5 transmitted transmit VBN 23626 196 6 light light NN 23626 196 7 we -PRON- PRP 23626 196 8 have have VBP 23626 196 9 , , , 23626 196 10 as as IN 23626 196 11 stated state VBN 23626 196 12 above above IN 23626 196 13 , , , 23626 196 14 single single JJ 23626 196 15 or or CC 23626 196 16 double double JJ 23626 196 17 refraction refraction NN 23626 196 18 , , , 23626 196 19 polarisation polarisation NN 23626 196 20 , , , 23626 196 21 and and CC 23626 196 22 diaphaneity diaphaneity NN 23626 196 23 . . . 23626 197 1 To to IN 23626 197 2 the the DT 23626 197 3 quality quality NN 23626 197 4 of of IN 23626 197 5 _ _ NNP 23626 197 6 refraction refraction NN 23626 197 7 _ _ NNP 23626 197 8 is be VBZ 23626 197 9 due due JJ 23626 197 10 one one CD 23626 197 11 of of IN 23626 197 12 the the DT 23626 197 13 chief chief JJ 23626 197 14 charms charm NNS 23626 197 15 of of IN 23626 197 16 certain certain JJ 23626 197 17 precious precious JJ 23626 197 18 stones stone NNS 23626 197 19 . . . 23626 198 1 It -PRON- PRP 23626 198 2 is be VBZ 23626 198 3 not not RB 23626 198 4 necessary necessary JJ 23626 198 5 to to TO 23626 198 6 explain explain VB 23626 198 7 here here RB 23626 198 8 what what WDT 23626 198 9 refraction refraction NN 23626 198 10 is be VBZ 23626 198 11 , , , 23626 198 12 for for IN 23626 198 13 everyone everyone NN 23626 198 14 will will MD 23626 198 15 be be VB 23626 198 16 familiar familiar JJ 23626 198 17 with with IN 23626 198 18 the the DT 23626 198 19 refractive refractive JJ 23626 198 20 property property NN 23626 198 21 of of IN 23626 198 22 a a DT 23626 198 23 light light JJ 23626 198 24 - - HYPH 23626 198 25 beam beam NN 23626 198 26 when when WRB 23626 198 27 passing pass VBG 23626 198 28 through through IN 23626 198 29 a a DT 23626 198 30 medium medium JJ 23626 198 31 denser denser NN 23626 198 32 than than IN 23626 198 33 atmospheric atmospheric JJ 23626 198 34 air air NN 23626 198 35 . . . 23626 199 1 It -PRON- PRP 23626 199 2 will will MD 23626 199 3 be be VB 23626 199 4 quite quite RB 23626 199 5 sufficient sufficient JJ 23626 199 6 to to TO 23626 199 7 say say VB 23626 199 8 that that IN 23626 199 9 all all PDT 23626 199 10 the the DT 23626 199 11 rays ray NNS 23626 199 12 are be VBP 23626 199 13 not not RB 23626 199 14 equal equal JJ 23626 199 15 in in IN 23626 199 16 refractive refractive JJ 23626 199 17 power power NN 23626 199 18 in in IN 23626 199 19 all all DT 23626 199 20 substances substance NNS 23626 199 21 , , , 23626 199 22 so so IN 23626 199 23 that that IN 23626 199 24 the the DT 23626 199 25 middle middle NN 23626 199 26 of of IN 23626 199 27 the the DT 23626 199 28 spectrum spectrum NN 23626 199 29 is be VBZ 23626 199 30 generally generally RB 23626 199 31 selected select VBN 23626 199 32 as as IN 23626 199 33 the the DT 23626 199 34 mean mean NN 23626 199 35 for for IN 23626 199 36 indexing indexing NN 23626 199 37 purposes purpose NNS 23626 199 38 . . . 23626 200 1 It -PRON- PRP 23626 200 2 will will MD 23626 200 3 be be VB 23626 200 4 seen see VBN 23626 200 5 that that IN 23626 200 6 the the DT 23626 200 7 stones stone NNS 23626 200 8 in in IN 23626 200 9 the the DT 23626 200 10 1st 1st NN 23626 200 11 , , , 23626 200 12 or or CC 23626 200 13 cubic cubic JJ 23626 200 14 system system NN 23626 200 15 , , , 23626 200 16 show show VBP 23626 200 17 single single JJ 23626 200 18 refraction refraction NN 23626 200 19 , , , 23626 200 20 whereas whereas IN 23626 200 21 those those DT 23626 200 22 of of IN 23626 200 23 all all DT 23626 200 24 other other JJ 23626 200 25 systems system NNS 23626 200 26 show show VBP 23626 200 27 double double JJ 23626 200 28 refraction refraction NN 23626 200 29 ; ; : 23626 200 30 thus thus RB 23626 200 31 , , , 23626 200 32 light light NN 23626 200 33 , , , 23626 200 34 in in IN 23626 200 35 passing pass VBG 23626 200 36 through through IN 23626 200 37 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 200 38 substance substance NN 23626 200 39 , , , 23626 200 40 is be VBZ 23626 200 41 deviated deviate VBN 23626 200 42 , , , 23626 200 43 part part NN 23626 200 44 of of IN 23626 200 45 it -PRON- PRP 23626 200 46 going go VBG 23626 200 47 one one CD 23626 200 48 way way NN 23626 200 49 , , , 23626 200 50 the the DT 23626 200 51 other other JJ 23626 200 52 portion portion NN 23626 200 53 going go VBG 23626 200 54 in in IN 23626 200 55 another another DT 23626 200 56 direction direction NN 23626 200 57 -- -- : 23626 200 58 that that RB 23626 200 59 is is RB 23626 200 60 , , , 23626 200 61 at at IN 23626 200 62 a a DT 23626 200 63 slightly slightly RB 23626 200 64 different different JJ 23626 200 65 angle angle NN 23626 200 66 -- -- : 23626 200 67 so so IN 23626 200 68 that that IN 23626 200 69 this this DT 23626 200 70 property property NN 23626 200 71 alone alone RB 23626 200 72 will will MD 23626 200 73 isolate isolate VB 23626 200 74 readily readily RB 23626 200 75 all all DT 23626 200 76 gems gem NNS 23626 200 77 belonging belong VBG 23626 200 78 to to IN 23626 200 79 the the DT 23626 200 80 1st 1st JJ 23626 200 81 system system NN 23626 200 82 . . . 23626 201 1 A a DT 23626 201 2 well well RB 23626 201 3 - - HYPH 23626 201 4 known know VBN 23626 201 5 simple simple JJ 23626 201 6 experiment experiment NN 23626 201 7 in in IN 23626 201 8 physics physics NN 23626 201 9 shows show VBZ 23626 201 10 this this DT 23626 201 11 clearly clearly RB 23626 201 12 . . . 23626 202 1 A a DT 23626 202 2 mark mark NN 23626 202 3 on on IN 23626 202 4 a a DT 23626 202 5 card card NN 23626 202 6 or or CC 23626 202 7 paper paper NN 23626 202 8 is be VBZ 23626 202 9 viewed view VBN 23626 202 10 through through IN 23626 202 11 a a DT 23626 202 12 piece piece NN 23626 202 13 of of IN 23626 202 14 double double RB 23626 202 15 - - HYPH 23626 202 16 refracting refracting NN 23626 202 17 spar spar NNS 23626 202 18 ( ( -LRB- 23626 202 19 Iceland Iceland NNP 23626 202 20 spar spar NN 23626 202 21 or or CC 23626 202 22 clear clear JJ 23626 202 23 calcite calcite NN 23626 202 24 ) ) -RRB- 23626 202 25 , , , 23626 202 26 when when WRB 23626 202 27 the the DT 23626 202 28 mark mark NN 23626 202 29 is be VBZ 23626 202 30 doubled double VBN 23626 202 31 and and CC 23626 202 32 two two CD 23626 202 33 appear appear VB 23626 202 34 . . . 23626 203 1 On on IN 23626 203 2 rotating rotate VBG 23626 203 3 this this DT 23626 203 4 rhomb rhomb NN 23626 203 5 of of IN 23626 203 6 spar spar NNP 23626 203 7 , , , 23626 203 8 one one CD 23626 203 9 of of IN 23626 203 10 these these DT 23626 203 11 marks mark NNS 23626 203 12 is be VBZ 23626 203 13 seen see VBN 23626 203 14 to to TO 23626 203 15 revolve revolve VB 23626 203 16 round round IN 23626 203 17 the the DT 23626 203 18 other other JJ 23626 203 19 , , , 23626 203 20 which which WDT 23626 203 21 remains remain VBZ 23626 203 22 stationary stationary JJ 23626 203 23 , , , 23626 203 24 the the DT 23626 203 25 moving move VBG 23626 203 26 mark mark NN 23626 203 27 passing pass VBG 23626 203 28 further far RBR 23626 203 29 from from IN 23626 203 30 the the DT 23626 203 31 centre centre NN 23626 203 32 in in IN 23626 203 33 places place NNS 23626 203 34 . . . 23626 204 1 When when WRB 23626 204 2 the the DT 23626 204 3 spar spar NN 23626 204 4 is be VBZ 23626 204 5 cut cut VBN 23626 204 6 and and CC 23626 204 7 used use VBN 23626 204 8 in in IN 23626 204 9 a a DT 23626 204 10 certain certain JJ 23626 204 11 direction direction NN 23626 204 12 , , , 23626 204 13 we -PRON- PRP 23626 204 14 see see VBP 23626 204 15 but but CC 23626 204 16 one one CD 23626 204 17 mark mark NN 23626 204 18 , , , 23626 204 19 and and CC 23626 204 20 such such PDT 23626 204 21 a a DT 23626 204 22 position position NN 23626 204 23 is be VBZ 23626 204 24 called call VBN 23626 204 25 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 204 26 optical optical JJ 23626 204 27 axis axis NN 23626 204 28 . . . 23626 205 1 _ _ NNP 23626 205 2 Polarisation Polarisation NNP 23626 205 3 _ _ NNP 23626 205 4 is be VBZ 23626 205 5 when when WRB 23626 205 6 certain certain JJ 23626 205 7 crystals crystal NNS 23626 205 8 possessing possess VBG 23626 205 9 double double JJ 23626 205 10 refraction refraction NN 23626 205 11 have have VBP 23626 205 12 the the DT 23626 205 13 power power NN 23626 205 14 of of IN 23626 205 15 changing change VBG 23626 205 16 light light NN 23626 205 17 , , , 23626 205 18 giving give VBG 23626 205 19 it -PRON- PRP 23626 205 20 the the DT 23626 205 21 appearance appearance NN 23626 205 22 of of IN 23626 205 23 poles pole NNS 23626 205 24 which which WDT 23626 205 25 have have VBP 23626 205 26 different different JJ 23626 205 27 properties property NNS 23626 205 28 , , , 23626 205 29 and and CC 23626 205 30 the the DT 23626 205 31 polariscope polariscope NN 23626 205 32 is be VBZ 23626 205 33 an an DT 23626 205 34 instrument instrument NN 23626 205 35 in in IN 23626 205 36 which which WDT 23626 205 37 are be VBP 23626 205 38 placed place VBN 23626 205 39 pieces piece NNS 23626 205 40 of of IN 23626 205 41 double double JJ 23626 205 42 - - HYPH 23626 205 43 refracting refracting NN 23626 205 44 ( ( -LRB- 23626 205 45 Iceland Iceland NNP 23626 205 46 ) ) -RRB- 23626 205 47 spar spar NNS 23626 205 48 , , , 23626 205 49 so so IN 23626 205 50 that that IN 23626 205 51 all all DT 23626 205 52 light light VBP 23626 205 53 passing pass VBG 23626 205 54 through through IN 23626 205 55 will will MD 23626 205 56 be be VB 23626 205 57 polarised polarise VBN 23626 205 58 . . . 23626 206 1 Since since IN 23626 206 2 only only RB 23626 206 3 crystals crystal NNS 23626 206 4 possessing possess VBG 23626 206 5 the the DT 23626 206 6 property property NN 23626 206 7 of of IN 23626 206 8 double double JJ 23626 206 9 refraction refraction NN 23626 206 10 show show NN 23626 206 11 polarisation polarisation NN 23626 206 12 , , , 23626 206 13 it -PRON- PRP 23626 206 14 follows follow VBZ 23626 206 15 that that IN 23626 206 16 those those DT 23626 206 17 of of IN 23626 206 18 the the DT 23626 206 19 1st 1st NN 23626 206 20 , , , 23626 206 21 or or CC 23626 206 22 cubic cubic JJ 23626 206 23 system system NN 23626 206 24 -- -- : 23626 206 25 in in IN 23626 206 26 which which WDT 23626 206 27 the the DT 23626 206 28 diamond diamond NN 23626 206 29 stands stand VBZ 23626 206 30 a a DT 23626 206 31 prominent prominent JJ 23626 206 32 example example NN 23626 206 33 -- -- : 23626 206 34 fail fail VBP 23626 206 35 to to TO 23626 206 36 become become VB 23626 206 37 polarised polarised JJ 23626 206 38 , , , 23626 206 39 so so IN 23626 206 40 that that IN 23626 206 41 when when WRB 23626 206 42 such such PDT 23626 206 43 a a DT 23626 206 44 stone stone NN 23626 206 45 is be VBZ 23626 206 46 placed place VBN 23626 206 47 in in IN 23626 206 48 the the DT 23626 206 49 polariscope polariscope NN 23626 206 50 and and CC 23626 206 51 rotated rotate VBD 23626 206 52 , , , 23626 206 53 it -PRON- PRP 23626 206 54 fails fail VBZ 23626 206 55 _ _ NNP 23626 206 56 at at IN 23626 206 57 every every DT 23626 206 58 point point NN 23626 206 59 _ _ NNP 23626 206 60 to to TO 23626 206 61 transmit transmit VB 23626 206 62 light light NN 23626 206 63 , , , 23626 206 64 which which WDT 23626 206 65 a a DT 23626 206 66 double double RB 23626 206 67 - - HYPH 23626 206 68 refracting refracting NN 23626 206 69 gem gem NN 23626 206 70 allows allow VBZ 23626 206 71 to to TO 23626 206 72 pass pass VB 23626 206 73 except except IN 23626 206 74 when when WRB 23626 206 75 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 206 76 optical optical JJ 23626 206 77 axis axis NN 23626 206 78 is be VBZ 23626 206 79 placed place VBN 23626 206 80 in in IN 23626 206 81 the the DT 23626 206 82 axis axis NN 23626 206 83 of of IN 23626 206 84 the the DT 23626 206 85 polariscope polariscope NN 23626 206 86 , , , 23626 206 87 but but CC 23626 206 88 this this DT 23626 206 89 will will MD 23626 206 90 be be VB 23626 206 91 dealt deal VBN 23626 206 92 with with IN 23626 206 93 more more RBR 23626 206 94 fully fully RB 23626 206 95 when when WRB 23626 206 96 the the DT 23626 206 97 methods method NNS 23626 206 98 of of IN 23626 206 99 testing test VBG 23626 206 100 the the DT 23626 206 101 stones stone NNS 23626 206 102 come come VBP 23626 206 103 to to TO 23626 206 104 be be VB 23626 206 105 considered consider VBN 23626 206 106 . . . 23626 207 1 _ _ NNP 23626 207 2 Diaphaneity Diaphaneity NNP 23626 207 3 _ _ NNP 23626 207 4 , , , 23626 207 5 or or CC 23626 207 6 the the DT 23626 207 7 power power NN 23626 207 8 of of IN 23626 207 9 transmitting transmit VBG 23626 207 10 light:--some light:--some NNP 23626 207 11 rather rather RB 23626 207 12 fine fine JJ 23626 207 13 trade trade NN 23626 207 14 distinctions distinction NNS 23626 207 15 are be VBP 23626 207 16 drawn draw VBN 23626 207 17 between between IN 23626 207 18 the the DT 23626 207 19 stones stone NNS 23626 207 20 in in IN 23626 207 21 this this DT 23626 207 22 class class NN 23626 207 23 , , , 23626 207 24 technical technical JJ 23626 207 25 distinctions distinction NNS 23626 207 26 made make VBN 23626 207 27 specially specially RB 23626 207 28 for for IN 23626 207 29 purposes purpose NNS 23626 207 30 of of IN 23626 207 31 classification classification NN 23626 207 32 , , , 23626 207 33 thus:--a thus:--a PRP 23626 207 34 " " `` 23626 207 35 non non JJ 23626 207 36 - - JJ 23626 207 37 diaphanous diaphanous JJ 23626 207 38 " " '' 23626 207 39 stone stone NN 23626 207 40 is be VBZ 23626 207 41 one one CD 23626 207 42 which which WDT 23626 207 43 is be VBZ 23626 207 44 quite quite RB 23626 207 45 opaque opaque JJ 23626 207 46 , , , 23626 207 47 no no DT 23626 207 48 light light NN 23626 207 49 of of IN 23626 207 50 any any DT 23626 207 51 kind kind NN 23626 207 52 passing pass VBG 23626 207 53 through through IN 23626 207 54 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 207 55 substance substance NN 23626 207 56 ; ; : 23626 207 57 a a DT 23626 207 58 " " `` 23626 207 59 diaphanous diaphanous JJ 23626 207 60 " " '' 23626 207 61 stone stone NN 23626 207 62 is be VBZ 23626 207 63 one one CD 23626 207 64 which which WDT 23626 207 65 is be VBZ 23626 207 66 altogether altogether RB 23626 207 67 transparent transparent JJ 23626 207 68 ; ; : 23626 207 69 " " '' 23626 207 70 semi semi JJ 23626 207 71 - - JJ 23626 207 72 diaphanous diaphanous JJ 23626 207 73 " " '' 23626 207 74 means mean VBZ 23626 207 75 one one CD 23626 207 76 not not RB 23626 207 77 altogether altogether RB 23626 207 78 transparent transparent JJ 23626 207 79 , , , 23626 207 80 and and CC 23626 207 81 sometimes sometimes RB 23626 207 82 called call VBN 23626 207 83 " " `` 23626 207 84 sub sub JJ 23626 207 85 - - JJ 23626 207 86 transparent transparent JJ 23626 207 87 . . . 23626 207 88 " " '' 23626 208 1 A a DT 23626 208 2 " " `` 23626 208 3 translucent translucent NN 23626 208 4 " " '' 23626 208 5 stone stone NN 23626 208 6 is be VBZ 23626 208 7 one one CD 23626 208 8 in in IN 23626 208 9 which which WDT 23626 208 10 , , , 23626 208 11 though though IN 23626 208 12 light light NN 23626 208 13 passes pass VBZ 23626 208 14 through through IN 23626 208 15 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 208 16 substance substance NN 23626 208 17 , , , 23626 208 18 sight sight NN 23626 208 19 is be VBZ 23626 208 20 not not RB 23626 208 21 possible possible JJ 23626 208 22 through through IN 23626 208 23 it -PRON- PRP 23626 208 24 ; ; : 23626 208 25 whilst whilst IN 23626 208 26 in in IN 23626 208 27 a a DT 23626 208 28 " " `` 23626 208 29 sub sub JJ 23626 208 30 - - JJ 23626 208 31 translucent translucent JJ 23626 208 32 " " '' 23626 208 33 stone stone NN 23626 208 34 , , , 23626 208 35 light light NN 23626 208 36 passes pass VBZ 23626 208 37 through through IN 23626 208 38 it -PRON- PRP 23626 208 39 , , , 23626 208 40 but but CC 23626 208 41 only only RB 23626 208 42 in in IN 23626 208 43 a a DT 23626 208 44 small small JJ 23626 208 45 degree degree NN 23626 208 46 . . . 23626 209 1 The the DT 23626 209 2 second second JJ 23626 209 3 physical physical JJ 23626 209 4 property property NN 23626 209 5 of of IN 23626 209 6 light light NN 23626 209 7 is be VBZ 23626 209 8 seen see VBN 23626 209 9 in in IN 23626 209 10 those those DT 23626 209 11 stones stone NNS 23626 209 12 which which WDT 23626 209 13 owe owe VBP 23626 209 14 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 209 15 beauty beauty NN 23626 209 16 or or CC 23626 209 17 value value NN 23626 209 18 to to IN 23626 209 19 REFLECTION reflection NN 23626 209 20 : : : 23626 209 21 this this DT 23626 209 22 again again RB 23626 209 23 may may MD 23626 209 24 be be VB 23626 209 25 dependent dependent JJ 23626 209 26 on on IN 23626 209 27 Lustre Lustre NNP 23626 209 28 , , , 23626 209 29 or or CC 23626 209 30 Colour Colour NNP 23626 209 31 . . . 23626 210 1 ~Lustre.~--This ~Lustre.~--This NFP 23626 210 2 is be VBZ 23626 210 3 an an DT 23626 210 4 important important JJ 23626 210 5 characteristic characteristic NN 23626 210 6 due due JJ 23626 210 7 to to IN 23626 210 8 reflection reflection NN 23626 210 9 , , , 23626 210 10 and and CC 23626 210 11 of of IN 23626 210 12 which which WDT 23626 210 13 there there EX 23626 210 14 are be VBP 23626 210 15 six six CD 23626 210 16 varieties:--([alpha varieties:--([alpha NNP 23626 210 17 ] ] -RRB- 23626 210 18 ) ) -RRB- 23626 210 19 adamantine adamantine NN 23626 210 20 ( ( -LRB- 23626 210 21 which which WDT 23626 210 22 some some DT 23626 210 23 authorities authority NNS 23626 210 24 , , , 23626 210 25 experts expert NNS 23626 210 26 and and CC 23626 210 27 merchants merchant NNS 23626 210 28 subdivide subdivide RB 23626 210 29 as as IN 23626 210 30 detailed detail VBN 23626 210 31 below below RB 23626 210 32 ) ) -RRB- 23626 210 33 ; ; : 23626 210 34 ( ( -LRB- 23626 210 35 [ [ -LRB- 23626 210 36 beta beta NN 23626 210 37 ] ] -RRB- 23626 210 38 ) ) -RRB- 23626 210 39 pearly pearly RB 23626 210 40 ; ; , 23626 210 41 ( ( -LRB- 23626 210 42 [ [ -LRB- 23626 210 43 gamma gamma NN 23626 210 44 ] ] -RRB- 23626 210 45 ) ) -RRB- 23626 210 46 silky silky NN 23626 210 47 ; ; , 23626 210 48 ( ( -LRB- 23626 210 49 [ [ -LRB- 23626 210 50 delta delta NNP 23626 210 51 ] ] -RRB- 23626 210 52 ) ) -RRB- 23626 210 53 resinous resinous JJ 23626 210 54 ; ; : 23626 210 55 ( ( -LRB- 23626 210 56 [ [ -LRB- 23626 210 57 epsilon epsilon NN 23626 210 58 ] ] -RRB- 23626 210 59 ) ) -RRB- 23626 210 60 vitreous vitreous JJ 23626 210 61 ; ; , 23626 210 62 ( ( -LRB- 23626 210 63 [ [ -LRB- 23626 210 64 zeta zeta NNP 23626 210 65 ] ] -RRB- 23626 210 66 ) ) -RRB- 23626 210 67 metallic metallic NNP 23626 210 68 . . . 23626 211 1 These these DT 23626 211 2 may may MD 23626 211 3 be be VB 23626 211 4 described:-- described:-- . 23626 211 5 ( ( -LRB- 23626 211 6 [ [ -LRB- 23626 211 7 alpha alpha NN 23626 211 8 ] ] -RRB- 23626 211 9 ) ) -RRB- 23626 211 10 Adamantine Adamantine NNP 23626 211 11 , , , 23626 211 12 or or CC 23626 211 13 the the DT 23626 211 14 peculiar peculiar JJ 23626 211 15 lustre lustre NN 23626 211 16 of of IN 23626 211 17 the the DT 23626 211 18 diamond diamond NN 23626 211 19 , , , 23626 211 20 so so RB 23626 211 21 called call VBD 23626 211 22 from from IN 23626 211 23 the the DT 23626 211 24 lustre lustre NNP 23626 211 25 of of IN 23626 211 26 adamantine adamantine NNP 23626 211 27 spar spar NNP 23626 211 28 , , , 23626 211 29 which which WDT 23626 211 30 is be VBZ 23626 211 31 a a DT 23626 211 32 form form NN 23626 211 33 of of IN 23626 211 34 corundum corundum NN 23626 211 35 ( ( -LRB- 23626 211 36 as as IN 23626 211 37 is be VBZ 23626 211 38 emery emery NN 23626 211 39 ) ) -RRB- 23626 211 40 with with IN 23626 211 41 a a DT 23626 211 42 diamond diamond NN 23626 211 43 - - HYPH 23626 211 44 like like JJ 23626 211 45 lustre lustre NNP 23626 211 46 , , , 23626 211 47 the the DT 23626 211 48 hard hard JJ 23626 211 49 powder powder NN 23626 211 50 of of IN 23626 211 51 which which WDT 23626 211 52 is be VBZ 23626 211 53 used use VBN 23626 211 54 in in IN 23626 211 55 polishing polish VBG 23626 211 56 diamonds diamond NNS 23626 211 57 . . . 23626 212 1 It -PRON- PRP 23626 212 2 is be VBZ 23626 212 3 almost almost RB 23626 212 4 pure pure JJ 23626 212 5 anhydrous anhydrous JJ 23626 212 6 alumina alumina NN 23626 212 7 ( ( -LRB- 23626 212 8 Al_{2}O_{3 Al_{2}O_{3 NNP 23626 212 9 } } -RRB- 23626 212 10 ) ) -RRB- 23626 212 11 and and CC 23626 212 12 is be VBZ 23626 212 13 , , , 23626 212 14 roughly roughly RB 23626 212 15 , , , 23626 212 16 four four CD 23626 212 17 times time NNS 23626 212 18 as as RB 23626 212 19 heavy heavy JJ 23626 212 20 as as IN 23626 212 21 water water NN 23626 212 22 . . . 23626 213 1 The the DT 23626 213 2 lustre lustre NN 23626 213 3 of of IN 23626 213 4 this this DT 23626 213 5 is be VBZ 23626 213 6 the the DT 23626 213 7 true true JJ 23626 213 8 " " `` 23626 213 9 adamantine adamantine NN 23626 213 10 , , , 23626 213 11 " " '' 23626 213 12 or or CC 23626 213 13 diamond diamond NN 23626 213 14 , , , 23626 213 15 brilliancy brilliancy NN 23626 213 16 , , , 23626 213 17 and and CC 23626 213 18 the the DT 23626 213 19 other other JJ 23626 213 20 and and CC 23626 213 21 impure impure JJ 23626 213 22 divisions division NNS 23626 213 23 of of IN 23626 213 24 this this DT 23626 213 25 particular particular JJ 23626 213 26 lustre lustre NN 23626 213 27 are be VBP 23626 213 28 : : : 23626 213 29 _ _ NNP 23626 213 30 splendent splendent NN 23626 213 31 _ _ NNP 23626 213 32 , , , 23626 213 33 when when WRB 23626 213 34 objects object NNS 23626 213 35 are be VBP 23626 213 36 reflected reflect VBN 23626 213 37 perfectly perfectly RB 23626 213 38 , , , 23626 213 39 but but CC 23626 213 40 of of IN 23626 213 41 a a DT 23626 213 42 lower low JJR 23626 213 43 scale scale NN 23626 213 44 of of IN 23626 213 45 perfection perfection NN 23626 213 46 than than IN 23626 213 47 the the DT 23626 213 48 true true JJ 23626 213 49 " " `` 23626 213 50 adamantine adamantine JJ 23626 213 51 " " '' 23626 213 52 standard standard NN 23626 213 53 , , , 23626 213 54 which which WDT 23626 213 55 is be VBZ 23626 213 56 absolutely absolutely RB 23626 213 57 flawless flawless JJ 23626 213 58 . . . 23626 214 1 When when WRB 23626 214 2 still still RB 23626 214 3 lower low JJR 23626 214 4 , , , 23626 214 5 and and CC 23626 214 6 the the DT 23626 214 7 reflection reflection NN 23626 214 8 , , , 23626 214 9 though though IN 23626 214 10 maybe maybe RB 23626 214 11 fairly fairly RB 23626 214 12 good good JJ 23626 214 13 , , , 23626 214 14 is be VBZ 23626 214 15 somewhat somewhat RB 23626 214 16 " " `` 23626 214 17 fuzzy fuzzy JJ 23626 214 18 , , , 23626 214 19 " " '' 23626 214 20 or or CC 23626 214 21 is be VBZ 23626 214 22 confused confused JJ 23626 214 23 or or CC 23626 214 24 out out IN 23626 214 25 of of IN 23626 214 26 focus focus NN 23626 214 27 , , , 23626 214 28 it -PRON- PRP 23626 214 29 is be VBZ 23626 214 30 then then RB 23626 214 31 merely merely RB 23626 214 32 _ _ NNP 23626 214 33 shining shine VBG 23626 214 34 _ _ NNP 23626 214 35 ; ; : 23626 214 36 when when WRB 23626 214 37 still still RB 23626 214 38 less less RBR 23626 214 39 distinct distinct JJ 23626 214 40 , , , 23626 214 41 and and CC 23626 214 42 no no DT 23626 214 43 trace trace NN 23626 214 44 of of IN 23626 214 45 actual actual JJ 23626 214 46 reflection reflection NN 23626 214 47 is be VBZ 23626 214 48 possible possible JJ 23626 214 49 ( ( -LRB- 23626 214 50 by by IN 23626 214 51 which which WDT 23626 214 52 is be VBZ 23626 214 53 meant mean VBN 23626 214 54 that that IN 23626 214 55 no no DT 23626 214 56 object object NN 23626 214 57 can can MD 23626 214 58 be be VB 23626 214 59 reproduced reproduce VBN 23626 214 60 in in IN 23626 214 61 any any DT 23626 214 62 way way NN 23626 214 63 to to TO 23626 214 64 define define VB 23626 214 65 it -PRON- PRP 23626 214 66 , , , 23626 214 67 as as IN 23626 214 68 it -PRON- PRP 23626 214 69 could could MD 23626 214 70 be be VB 23626 214 71 defined define VBN 23626 214 72 in in IN 23626 214 73 the the DT 23626 214 74 reflection reflection NN 23626 214 75 from from IN 23626 214 76 still still RB 23626 214 77 water water NN 23626 214 78 or or CC 23626 214 79 the the DT 23626 214 80 surface surface NN 23626 214 81 of of IN 23626 214 82 a a DT 23626 214 83 mirror mirror NN 23626 214 84 , , , 23626 214 85 even even RB 23626 214 86 though though IN 23626 214 87 imperfectly imperfectly RB 23626 214 88 ) ) -RRB- 23626 214 89 the the DT 23626 214 90 stone stone NN 23626 214 91 is be VBZ 23626 214 92 then then RB 23626 214 93 said say VBN 23626 214 94 to to IN 23626 214 95 _ _ NNP 23626 214 96 glint glint NNP 23626 214 97 _ _ NNP 23626 214 98 or or CC 23626 214 99 _ _ NNP 23626 214 100 glisten glisten NNP 23626 214 101 _ _ NNP 23626 214 102 . . . 23626 215 1 When when WRB 23626 215 2 too too RB 23626 215 3 low low JJ 23626 215 4 in in IN 23626 215 5 the the DT 23626 215 6 scale scale NN 23626 215 7 even even RB 23626 215 8 to to TO 23626 215 9 glisten glisten VB 23626 215 10 , , , 23626 215 11 merely merely RB 23626 215 12 showing show VBG 23626 215 13 a a DT 23626 215 14 feeble feeble JJ 23626 215 15 lustre lustre NN 23626 215 16 now now RB 23626 215 17 and and CC 23626 215 18 again again RB 23626 215 19 as as IN 23626 215 20 the the DT 23626 215 21 light light NN 23626 215 22 is be VBZ 23626 215 23 reflected reflect VBN 23626 215 24 from from IN 23626 215 25 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 215 26 surface surface NN 23626 215 27 in in IN 23626 215 28 points point NNS 23626 215 29 which which WDT 23626 215 30 vary vary VBP 23626 215 31 with with IN 23626 215 32 the the DT 23626 215 33 angle angle NN 23626 215 34 of of IN 23626 215 35 light light NN 23626 215 36 , , , 23626 215 37 the the DT 23626 215 38 stone stone NN 23626 215 39 is be VBZ 23626 215 40 then then RB 23626 215 41 said say VBN 23626 215 42 to to TO 23626 215 43 be be VB 23626 215 44 _ _ NNP 23626 215 45 glimmering glimmer VBG 23626 215 46 _ _ NNP 23626 215 47 . . . 23626 216 1 Below below IN 23626 216 2 this this DT 23626 216 3 , , , 23626 216 4 the the DT 23626 216 5 definitions definition NNS 23626 216 6 of of IN 23626 216 7 lustre lustre NNP 23626 216 8 do do VBP 23626 216 9 not not RB 23626 216 10 go go VB 23626 216 11 , , , 23626 216 12 as as IN 23626 216 13 such such JJ 23626 216 14 stones stone NNS 23626 216 15 are be VBP 23626 216 16 said say VBN 23626 216 17 to to TO 23626 216 18 be be VB 23626 216 19 _ _ NNP 23626 216 20 lustreless lustreless NN 23626 216 21 _ _ NNP 23626 216 22 . . . 23626 217 1 ( ( -LRB- 23626 217 2 [ [ -LRB- 23626 217 3 beta beta NN 23626 217 4 ] ] -RRB- 23626 217 5 ) ) -RRB- 23626 217 6 Pearly pearly RB 23626 217 7 , , , 23626 217 8 as as IN 23626 217 9 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 217 10 name name NN 23626 217 11 implies imply VBZ 23626 217 12 , , , 23626 217 13 is be VBZ 23626 217 14 the the DT 23626 217 15 lustre lustre NN 23626 217 16 of of IN 23626 217 17 a a DT 23626 217 18 pearl pearl NN 23626 217 19 . . . 23626 218 1 ( ( -LRB- 23626 218 2 [ [ -LRB- 23626 218 3 gamma gamma NN 23626 218 4 ] ] -RRB- 23626 218 5 ) ) -RRB- 23626 218 6 Silky Silky NNP 23626 218 7 , , , 23626 218 8 possessing possess VBG 23626 218 9 the the DT 23626 218 10 sheen sheen NN 23626 218 11 of of IN 23626 218 12 silk silk NN 23626 218 13 , , , 23626 218 14 hence hence RB 23626 218 15 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 218 16 name name NN 23626 218 17 . . . 23626 219 1 ( ( -LRB- 23626 219 2 [ [ -LRB- 23626 219 3 delta delta NNP 23626 219 4 ] ] -RRB- 23626 219 5 ) ) -RRB- 23626 219 6 Resinous Resinous NNP 23626 219 7 , , , 23626 219 8 also also RB 23626 219 9 explanatory explanatory JJ 23626 219 10 in in IN 23626 219 11 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 219 12 name name NN 23626 219 13 ; ; : 23626 219 14 amber amber NNP 23626 219 15 and and CC 23626 219 16 the the DT 23626 219 17 like like UH 23626 219 18 come come VB 23626 219 19 in in IN 23626 219 20 this this DT 23626 219 21 variety variety NN 23626 219 22 . . . 23626 220 1 ( ( -LRB- 23626 220 2 [ [ -LRB- 23626 220 3 epsilon epsilon NN 23626 220 4 ] ] -RRB- 23626 220 5 ) ) -RRB- 23626 220 6 Vitreous vitreous JJ 23626 220 7 . . . 23626 221 1 This this DT 23626 221 2 also also RB 23626 221 3 explains explain VBZ 23626 221 4 itself -PRON- PRP 23626 221 5 , , , 23626 221 6 being be VBG 23626 221 7 of of IN 23626 221 8 the the DT 23626 221 9 lustre lustre NN 23626 221 10 of of IN 23626 221 11 glass glass NNP 23626 221 12 , , , 23626 221 13 quartz quartz NN 23626 221 14 , , , 23626 221 15 etc etc FW 23626 221 16 . . . 23626 222 1 ; ; : 23626 222 2 some some DT 23626 222 3 experts expert NNS 23626 222 4 subdividing subdivide VBG 23626 222 5 this this DT 23626 222 6 for for IN 23626 222 7 greater great JJR 23626 222 8 defining define VBG 23626 222 9 accuracy accuracy NN 23626 222 10 into into IN 23626 222 11 the the DT 23626 222 12 " " `` 23626 222 13 sub sub JJ 23626 222 14 - - JJ 23626 222 15 vitreous vitreous JJ 23626 222 16 " " '' 23626 222 17 or or CC 23626 222 18 lower low JJR 23626 222 19 type type NN 23626 222 20 , , , 23626 222 21 for for IN 23626 222 22 all all DT 23626 222 23 but but CC 23626 222 24 perfect perfect JJ 23626 222 25 specimens specimen NNS 23626 222 26 . . . 23626 223 1 ( ( -LRB- 23626 223 2 [ [ -LRB- 23626 223 3 zeta zeta NNP 23626 223 4 ] ] -RRB- 23626 223 5 ) ) -RRB- 23626 223 6 Metallic Metallic NNP 23626 223 7 or or CC 23626 223 8 Sub Sub NNP 23626 223 9 - - HYPH 23626 223 10 metallic metallic NNP 23626 223 11 . . . 23626 224 1 The the DT 23626 224 2 former former JJ 23626 224 3 when when WRB 23626 224 4 the the DT 23626 224 5 lustre lustre NN 23626 224 6 is be VBZ 23626 224 7 perfect perfect JJ 23626 224 8 as as IN 23626 224 9 in in IN 23626 224 10 gold gold NN 23626 224 11 ; ; : 23626 224 12 the the DT 23626 224 13 latter latter JJ 23626 224 14 when when WRB 23626 224 15 the the DT 23626 224 16 stones stone NNS 23626 224 17 possess possess VBP 23626 224 18 the the DT 23626 224 19 less less RBR 23626 224 20 true true JJ 23626 224 21 lustre lustre NN 23626 224 22 of of IN 23626 224 23 copper copper NN 23626 224 24 . . . 23626 225 1 ~Colour.~--Colour ~Colour.~--Colour NNP 23626 225 2 is be VBZ 23626 225 3 an an DT 23626 225 4 effect effect NN 23626 225 5 entirely entirely RB 23626 225 6 dependent dependent JJ 23626 225 7 upon upon IN 23626 225 8 light light NN 23626 225 9 , , , 23626 225 10 for for IN 23626 225 11 in in IN 23626 225 12 the the DT 23626 225 13 total total JJ 23626 225 14 absence absence NN 23626 225 15 of of IN 23626 225 16 light light NN 23626 225 17 , , , 23626 225 18 such such JJ 23626 225 19 as as IN 23626 225 20 in in IN 23626 225 21 black black JJ 23626 225 22 darkness darkness NN 23626 225 23 , , , 23626 225 24 objects object NNS 23626 225 25 are be VBP 23626 225 26 altogether altogether RB 23626 225 27 invisible invisible JJ 23626 225 28 to to IN 23626 225 29 the the DT 23626 225 30 normal normal JJ 23626 225 31 human human JJ 23626 225 32 eye eye NN 23626 225 33 . . . 23626 226 1 In in IN 23626 226 2 daylight daylight NN 23626 226 3 , , , 23626 226 4 also also RB 23626 226 5 , , , 23626 226 6 certain certain JJ 23626 226 7 objects object NNS 23626 226 8 reflect reflect VBP 23626 226 9 so so RB 23626 226 10 few few JJ 23626 226 11 vibrations vibration NNS 23626 226 12 of of IN 23626 226 13 light light NN 23626 226 14 , , , 23626 226 15 or or CC 23626 226 16 none none NN 23626 226 17 , , , 23626 226 18 that that IN 23626 226 19 they -PRON- PRP 23626 226 20 appear appear VBP 23626 226 21 grey grey JJ 23626 226 22 , , , 23626 226 23 black black JJ 23626 226 24 , , , 23626 226 25 or or CC 23626 226 26 jet jet NN 23626 226 27 - - HYPH 23626 226 28 black black JJ 23626 226 29 ; ; : 23626 226 30 whilst whilst IN 23626 226 31 those those DT 23626 226 32 which which WDT 23626 226 33 reflect reflect VBP 23626 226 34 all all PDT 23626 226 35 the the DT 23626 226 36 rays ray NNS 23626 226 37 of of IN 23626 226 38 which which WDT 23626 226 39 light light NN 23626 226 40 is be VBZ 23626 226 41 composed compose VBN 23626 226 42 , , , 23626 226 43 and and CC 23626 226 44 in in IN 23626 226 45 the the DT 23626 226 46 same same JJ 23626 226 47 number number NN 23626 226 48 of of IN 23626 226 49 vibrations vibration NNS 23626 226 50 , , , 23626 226 51 appear appear VB 23626 226 52 white white JJ 23626 226 53 . . . 23626 227 1 Between between IN 23626 227 2 these these DT 23626 227 3 two two CD 23626 227 4 extremes extreme NNS 23626 227 5 of of IN 23626 227 6 _ _ NNP 23626 227 7 none none NN 23626 227 8 _ _ NNP 23626 227 9 and and CC 23626 227 10 _ _ NNP 23626 227 11 all all DT 23626 227 12 _ _ NNP 23626 227 13 we -PRON- PRP 23626 227 14 find find VBP 23626 227 15 a a DT 23626 227 16 wonderful wonderful JJ 23626 227 17 play play NN 23626 227 18 and and CC 23626 227 19 variety variety NN 23626 227 20 of of IN 23626 227 21 colour colour NN 23626 227 22 , , , 23626 227 23 as as IN 23626 227 24 some some DT 23626 227 25 gems gem NNS 23626 227 26 allow allow VBP 23626 227 27 the the DT 23626 227 28 red red JJ 23626 227 29 rays ray NNS 23626 227 30 only only RB 23626 227 31 to to TO 23626 227 32 pass pass VB 23626 227 33 and and CC 23626 227 34 therefore therefore RB 23626 227 35 appear appear VB 23626 227 36 red red JJ 23626 227 37 ; ; : 23626 227 38 others other NNS 23626 227 39 allow allow VBP 23626 227 40 the the DT 23626 227 41 blue blue JJ 23626 227 42 rays ray NNS 23626 227 43 only only RB 23626 227 44 and and CC 23626 227 45 these these DT 23626 227 46 appear appear VBP 23626 227 47 blue blue JJ 23626 227 48 , , , 23626 227 49 and and CC 23626 227 50 so so RB 23626 227 51 on on RB 23626 227 52 , , , 23626 227 53 through through IN 23626 227 54 all all PDT 23626 227 55 the the DT 23626 227 56 shades shade NNS 23626 227 57 , , , 23626 227 58 combinations combination NNS 23626 227 59 and and CC 23626 227 60 varieties variety NNS 23626 227 61 of of IN 23626 227 62 the the DT 23626 227 63 colours colour NNS 23626 227 64 of of IN 23626 227 65 which which WDT 23626 227 66 light light NN 23626 227 67 is be VBZ 23626 227 68 composed compose VBN 23626 227 69 , , , 23626 227 70 as as IN 23626 227 71 revealed reveal VBN 23626 227 72 by by IN 23626 227 73 the the DT 23626 227 74 prism prism NN 23626 227 75 . . . 23626 228 1 But but CC 23626 228 2 this this DT 23626 228 3 is be VBZ 23626 228 4 so so RB 23626 228 5 important important JJ 23626 228 6 a a DT 23626 228 7 matter matter NN 23626 228 8 that that IN 23626 228 9 it -PRON- PRP 23626 228 10 demands demand VBZ 23626 228 11 a a DT 23626 228 12 chapter chapter NN 23626 228 13 to to IN 23626 228 14 itself -PRON- PRP 23626 228 15 . . . 23626 229 1 The the DT 23626 229 2 third third JJ 23626 229 3 physical physical JJ 23626 229 4 property property NN 23626 229 5 of of IN 23626 229 6 light light NN 23626 229 7 , , , 23626 229 8 PHOSPHORESCENCE phosphorescence NN 23626 229 9 , , , 23626 229 10 is be VBZ 23626 229 11 the the DT 23626 229 12 property property NN 23626 229 13 possessed possess VBN 23626 229 14 by by IN 23626 229 15 certain certain JJ 23626 229 16 gems gem NNS 23626 229 17 and and CC 23626 229 18 minerals mineral NNS 23626 229 19 of of IN 23626 229 20 becoming become VBG 23626 229 21 phosphorescent phosphorescent NN 23626 229 22 on on IN 23626 229 23 being be VBG 23626 229 24 rubbed rub VBN 23626 229 25 , , , 23626 229 26 or or CC 23626 229 27 on on IN 23626 229 28 having have VBG 23626 229 29 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 229 30 temperature temperature NN 23626 229 31 raised raise VBN 23626 229 32 by by IN 23626 229 33 this this DT 23626 229 34 or or CC 23626 229 35 other other JJ 23626 229 36 means mean NNS 23626 229 37 . . . 23626 230 1 It -PRON- PRP 23626 230 2 is be VBZ 23626 230 3 difficult difficult JJ 23626 230 4 to to TO 23626 230 5 say say VB 23626 230 6 exactly exactly RB 23626 230 7 whether whether IN 23626 230 8 this this DT 23626 230 9 is be VBZ 23626 230 10 due due JJ 23626 230 11 to to IN 23626 230 12 the the DT 23626 230 13 heat heat NN 23626 230 14 , , , 23626 230 15 the the DT 23626 230 16 friction friction NN 23626 230 17 , , , 23626 230 18 or or CC 23626 230 19 to to IN 23626 230 20 electricity electricity NN 23626 230 21 . . . 23626 231 1 Perhaps perhaps RB 23626 231 2 two two CD 23626 231 3 or or CC 23626 231 4 all all DT 23626 231 5 of of IN 23626 231 6 these these DT 23626 231 7 may may MD 23626 231 8 be be VB 23626 231 9 the the DT 23626 231 10 cause cause NN 23626 231 11 , , , 23626 231 12 for for IN 23626 231 13 electricity electricity NN 23626 231 14 is be VBZ 23626 231 15 developed develop VBN 23626 231 16 in in IN 23626 231 17 some some DT 23626 231 18 gems gem NNS 23626 231 19 -- -- : 23626 231 20 such such JJ 23626 231 21 as as IN 23626 231 22 the the DT 23626 231 23 topaz topaz NN 23626 231 24 -- -- : 23626 231 25 by by IN 23626 231 26 heat heat NN 23626 231 27 , , , 23626 231 28 and and CC 23626 231 29 heat heat NN 23626 231 30 by by IN 23626 231 31 electricity electricity NN 23626 231 32 , , , 23626 231 33 and and CC 23626 231 34 phosphorescence phosphorescence NN 23626 231 35 developed develop VBN 23626 231 36 by by IN 23626 231 37 both both DT 23626 231 38 . . . 23626 232 1 For for IN 23626 232 2 example example NN 23626 232 3 , , , 23626 232 4 if if IN 23626 232 5 we -PRON- PRP 23626 232 6 rub rub VBP 23626 232 7 together together RB 23626 232 8 some some DT 23626 232 9 pulverised pulverise VBN 23626 232 10 fluorspar fluorspar NNS 23626 232 11 in in IN 23626 232 12 the the DT 23626 232 13 dark dark NN 23626 232 14 , , , 23626 232 15 or or CC 23626 232 16 raise raise VB 23626 232 17 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 232 18 temperature temperature NN 23626 232 19 by by IN 23626 232 20 the the DT 23626 232 21 direct direct JJ 23626 232 22 application application NN 23626 232 23 of of IN 23626 232 24 heat heat NN 23626 232 25 , , , 23626 232 26 such such JJ 23626 232 27 as as IN 23626 232 28 from from IN 23626 232 29 a a DT 23626 232 30 hot hot JJ 23626 232 31 or or CC 23626 232 32 warm warm JJ 23626 232 33 iron iron NN 23626 232 34 , , , 23626 232 35 or or CC 23626 232 36 a a DT 23626 232 37 heated heated JJ 23626 232 38 wire wire NN 23626 232 39 , , , 23626 232 40 we -PRON- PRP 23626 232 41 at at IN 23626 232 42 once once RB 23626 232 43 obtain obtain VB 23626 232 44 excellent excellent JJ 23626 232 45 phosphorescence phosphorescence NN 23626 232 46 . . . 23626 233 1 Common common JJ 23626 233 2 quartz quartz NN 23626 233 3 , , , 23626 233 4 rubbed rub VBD 23626 233 5 against against IN 23626 233 6 a a DT 23626 233 7 second second JJ 23626 233 8 piece piece NN 23626 233 9 of of IN 23626 233 10 the the DT 23626 233 11 same same JJ 23626 233 12 quartz quartz NN 23626 233 13 in in IN 23626 233 14 the the DT 23626 233 15 dark dark NN 23626 233 16 , , , 23626 233 17 becomes become VBZ 23626 233 18 highly highly RB 23626 233 19 phosphorescent phosphorescent JJ 23626 233 20 . . . 23626 234 1 Certain certain JJ 23626 234 2 gems gem NNS 23626 234 3 , , , 23626 234 4 also also RB 23626 234 5 , , , 23626 234 6 when when WRB 23626 234 7 merely merely RB 23626 234 8 exposed expose VBN 23626 234 9 to to IN 23626 234 10 light light NN 23626 234 11 -- -- : 23626 234 12 sunlight sunlight NN 23626 234 13 for for IN 23626 234 14 preference preference NN 23626 234 15 -- -- : 23626 234 16 then then RB 23626 234 17 taken take VBN 23626 234 18 into into IN 23626 234 19 a a DT 23626 234 20 darkened darken VBN 23626 234 21 room room NN 23626 234 22 , , , 23626 234 23 will will MD 23626 234 24 glow glow VB 23626 234 25 for for IN 23626 234 26 a a DT 23626 234 27 short short JJ 23626 234 28 time time NN 23626 234 29 . . . 23626 235 1 The the DT 23626 235 2 diamond diamond NN 23626 235 3 is be VBZ 23626 235 4 one one CD 23626 235 5 of of IN 23626 235 6 the the DT 23626 235 7 best good JJS 23626 235 8 examples example NNS 23626 235 9 of of IN 23626 235 10 this this DT 23626 235 11 kind kind NN 23626 235 12 of of IN 23626 235 13 phosphorescence phosphorescence NN 23626 235 14 , , , 23626 235 15 for for IN 23626 235 16 if if IN 23626 235 17 exposed expose VBN 23626 235 18 to to IN 23626 235 19 sunlight sunlight NN 23626 235 20 for for IN 23626 235 21 a a DT 23626 235 22 while while NN 23626 235 23 , , , 23626 235 24 then then RB 23626 235 25 covered cover VBN 23626 235 26 and and CC 23626 235 27 rapidly rapidly RB 23626 235 28 taken take VBN 23626 235 29 into into IN 23626 235 30 black black JJ 23626 235 31 darkness darkness NN 23626 235 32 , , , 23626 235 33 it -PRON- PRP 23626 235 34 will will MD 23626 235 35 emit emit VB 23626 235 36 a a DT 23626 235 37 curious curious JJ 23626 235 38 phosphorescent phosphorescent NN 23626 235 39 glow glow VB 23626 235 40 for for IN 23626 235 41 from from IN 23626 235 42 one one CD 23626 235 43 to to IN 23626 235 44 ten ten CD 23626 235 45 seconds second NNS 23626 235 46 ; ; : 23626 235 47 the the DT 23626 235 48 purer purer NN 23626 235 49 the the DT 23626 235 50 stone stone NN 23626 235 51 , , , 23626 235 52 the the DT 23626 235 53 longer long JJR 23626 235 54 , , , 23626 235 55 clearer clear JJR 23626 235 56 and and CC 23626 235 57 brighter bright JJR 23626 235 58 the the DT 23626 235 59 result result NN 23626 235 60 . . . 23626 236 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 23626 236 2 VI VI NNP 23626 236 3 . . . 23626 237 1 PHYSICAL PHYSICAL NNP 23626 237 2 PROPERTIES PROPERTIES NNP 23626 237 3 . . . 23626 238 1 D d JJ 23626 238 2 -- -- : 23626 238 3 COLOUR colour NN 23626 238 4 . . . 23626 239 1 Colour Colour NNP 23626 239 2 is be VBZ 23626 239 3 one one CD 23626 239 4 of of IN 23626 239 5 the the DT 23626 239 6 most most RBS 23626 239 7 wonderful wonderful JJ 23626 239 8 effects effect NNS 23626 239 9 in in IN 23626 239 10 nature nature NN 23626 239 11 . . . 23626 240 1 It -PRON- PRP 23626 240 2 is be VBZ 23626 240 3 an an DT 23626 240 4 attribute attribute NN 23626 240 5 of of IN 23626 240 6 light light NN 23626 240 7 and and CC 23626 240 8 is be VBZ 23626 240 9 not not RB 23626 240 10 a a DT 23626 240 11 part part NN 23626 240 12 of of IN 23626 240 13 the the DT 23626 240 14 object object NN 23626 240 15 which which WDT 23626 240 16 appears appear VBZ 23626 240 17 to to TO 23626 240 18 be be VB 23626 240 19 coloured colour VBN 23626 240 20 ; ; : 23626 240 21 though though IN 23626 240 22 all all DT 23626 240 23 objects object NNS 23626 240 24 , , , 23626 240 25 by by IN 23626 240 26 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 240 27 chemical chemical NN 23626 240 28 or or CC 23626 240 29 physical physical JJ 23626 240 30 composition composition NN 23626 240 31 , , , 23626 240 32 determine determine VB 23626 240 33 the the DT 23626 240 34 number number NN 23626 240 35 and and CC 23626 240 36 variety variety NN 23626 240 37 of of IN 23626 240 38 vibrations vibration NNS 23626 240 39 passed pass VBN 23626 240 40 on on RP 23626 240 41 or or CC 23626 240 42 returned return VBN 23626 240 43 to to IN 23626 240 44 the the DT 23626 240 45 eye eye NN 23626 240 46 , , , 23626 240 47 thus thus RB 23626 240 48 fixing fix VBG 23626 240 49 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 240 50 own own JJ 23626 240 51 individual individual JJ 23626 240 52 colours colour NNS 23626 240 53 . . . 23626 241 1 We -PRON- PRP 23626 241 2 have have VBP 23626 241 3 also also RB 23626 241 4 seen see VBN 23626 241 5 that that IN 23626 241 6 if if IN 23626 241 7 an an DT 23626 241 8 _ _ NNP 23626 241 9 equal equal JJ 23626 241 10 _ _ NNP 23626 241 11 light light JJ 23626 241 12 - - HYPH 23626 241 13 beam beam NN 23626 241 14 becomes become NNS 23626 241 15 obstructed obstruct VBN 23626 241 16 in in IN 23626 241 17 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 241 18 passage passage NN 23626 241 19 by by IN 23626 241 20 some some DT 23626 241 21 substance substance NN 23626 241 22 which which WDT 23626 241 23 is be VBZ 23626 241 24 denser denser NN 23626 241 25 than than IN 23626 241 26 atmospheric atmospheric JJ 23626 241 27 air air NN 23626 241 28 , , , 23626 241 29 it -PRON- PRP 23626 241 30 will will MD 23626 241 31 become become VB 23626 241 32 altered altered JJ 23626 241 33 in in IN 23626 241 34 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 241 35 direction direction NN 23626 241 36 by by IN 23626 241 37 refraction refraction NN 23626 241 38 or or CC 23626 241 39 reflection reflection NN 23626 241 40 , , , 23626 241 41 and and CC 23626 241 42 polarised polarise VBD 23626 241 43 , , , 23626 241 44 each each DT 23626 241 45 side side NN 23626 241 46 or or CC 23626 241 47 pole pole NN 23626 241 48 having have VBG 23626 241 49 different different JJ 23626 241 50 properties property NNS 23626 241 51 . . . 23626 242 1 Polarised polarise VBN 23626 242 2 light light NN 23626 242 3 can can MD 23626 242 4 not not RB 23626 242 5 be be VB 23626 242 6 made make VBN 23626 242 7 again again RB 23626 242 8 to to TO 23626 242 9 pass pass VB 23626 242 10 in in RP 23626 242 11 a a DT 23626 242 12 certain certain JJ 23626 242 13 direction direction NN 23626 242 14 through through IN 23626 242 15 the the DT 23626 242 16 crystal crystal NN 23626 242 17 which which WDT 23626 242 18 has have VBZ 23626 242 19 polarised polarise VBN 23626 242 20 it -PRON- PRP 23626 242 21 ; ; : 23626 242 22 nor nor CC 23626 242 23 can can MD 23626 242 24 it -PRON- PRP 23626 242 25 again again RB 23626 242 26 be be VB 23626 242 27 reflected reflect VBN 23626 242 28 at at IN 23626 242 29 a a DT 23626 242 30 particular particular JJ 23626 242 31 angle angle NN 23626 242 32 ; ; : 23626 242 33 so so IN 23626 242 34 that that IN 23626 242 35 in in IN 23626 242 36 double double RB 23626 242 37 - - HYPH 23626 242 38 refracting refract VBG 23626 242 39 crystals crystal NNS 23626 242 40 , , , 23626 242 41 these these DT 23626 242 42 two two CD 23626 242 43 poles pole NNS 23626 242 44 , , , 23626 242 45 or or CC 23626 242 46 polarised polarise VBN 23626 242 47 beams beam NNS 23626 242 48 , , , 23626 242 49 are be VBP 23626 242 50 different different JJ 23626 242 51 in in IN 23626 242 52 colour colour NN 23626 242 53 , , , 23626 242 54 some some DT 23626 242 55 stones stone NNS 23626 242 56 being be VBG 23626 242 57 opaque opaque JJ 23626 242 58 to to IN 23626 242 59 one one CD 23626 242 60 beam beam NN 23626 242 61 but but CC 23626 242 62 not not RB 23626 242 63 to to IN 23626 242 64 the the DT 23626 242 65 other other JJ 23626 242 66 , , , 23626 242 67 whilst whilst IN 23626 242 68 some some DT 23626 242 69 are be VBP 23626 242 70 opaque opaque JJ 23626 242 71 to to IN 23626 242 72 both both DT 23626 242 73 . . . 23626 243 1 This this DT 23626 243 2 curious curious JJ 23626 243 3 phenomenon phenomenon NN 23626 243 4 , , , 23626 243 5 with with IN 23626 243 6 this this DT 23626 243 7 brief brief NN 23626 243 8 , , , 23626 243 9 though though IN 23626 243 10 somewhat somewhat RB 23626 243 11 technical technical JJ 23626 243 12 explanation explanation NN 23626 243 13 , , , 23626 243 14 shows show VBZ 23626 243 15 the the DT 23626 243 16 cause cause NN 23626 243 17 of of IN 23626 243 18 many many JJ 23626 243 19 of of IN 23626 243 20 the the DT 23626 243 21 great great JJ 23626 243 22 charms charm NNS 23626 243 23 in in IN 23626 243 24 precious precious JJ 23626 243 25 stones stone NNS 23626 243 26 , , , 23626 243 27 for for IN 23626 243 28 when when WRB 23626 243 29 viewed view VBN 23626 243 30 at at IN 23626 243 31 one one CD 23626 243 32 angle angle NN 23626 243 33 they -PRON- PRP 23626 243 34 appear appear VBP 23626 243 35 of of IN 23626 243 36 a a DT 23626 243 37 definite definite JJ 23626 243 38 colour colour NN 23626 243 39 , , , 23626 243 40 whilst whilst IN 23626 243 41 at at IN 23626 243 42 another another DT 23626 243 43 angle angle NN 23626 243 44 they -PRON- PRP 23626 243 45 are be VBP 23626 243 46 just just RB 23626 243 47 as as IN 23626 243 48 decided decide VBN 23626 243 49 in in IN 23626 243 50 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 243 51 colour colour NN 23626 243 52 , , , 23626 243 53 which which WDT 23626 243 54 is be VBZ 23626 243 55 then then RB 23626 243 56 entirely entirely RB 23626 243 57 different different JJ 23626 243 58 ; ; : 23626 243 59 and and CC 23626 243 60 as as IN 23626 243 61 these these DT 23626 243 62 angles angle NNS 23626 243 63 change change VBP 23626 243 64 as as IN 23626 243 65 the the DT 23626 243 66 eye eye NN 23626 243 67 glances glance VBZ 23626 243 68 on on IN 23626 243 69 various various JJ 23626 243 70 facets facet NNS 23626 243 71 , , , 23626 243 72 the the DT 23626 243 73 stone stone NN 23626 243 74 assumes assume VBZ 23626 243 75 a a DT 23626 243 76 marvellous marvellous JJ 23626 243 77 wealth wealth NN 23626 243 78 of of IN 23626 243 79 the the DT 23626 243 80 most most RBS 23626 243 81 brilliant brilliant JJ 23626 243 82 and and CC 23626 243 83 intense intense JJ 23626 243 84 colour colour NN 23626 243 85 of of IN 23626 243 86 kaleidoscopic kaleidoscopic NNP 23626 243 87 variety variety NNP 23626 243 88 , , , 23626 243 89 even even RB 23626 243 90 in in IN 23626 243 91 a a DT 23626 243 92 stone stone NN 23626 243 93 which which WDT 23626 243 94 may may MD 23626 243 95 itself -PRON- PRP 23626 243 96 be be VB 23626 243 97 absolutely absolutely RB 23626 243 98 clear clear JJ 23626 243 99 or or CC 23626 243 100 colourless colourless JJ 23626 243 101 to to IN 23626 243 102 ordinary ordinary JJ 23626 243 103 light light NN 23626 243 104 . . . 23626 244 1 Such such PDT 23626 244 2 an an DT 23626 244 3 effect effect NN 23626 244 4 is be VBZ 23626 244 5 called call VBN 23626 244 6 pleochroism pleochroism NN 23626 244 7 , , , 23626 244 8 and and CC 23626 244 9 crystals crystal NNS 23626 244 10 which which WDT 23626 244 11 show show VBP 23626 244 12 variations variation NNS 23626 244 13 in in IN 23626 244 14 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 244 15 colour colour NN 23626 244 16 when when WRB 23626 244 17 viewed view VBN 23626 244 18 from from IN 23626 244 19 different different JJ 23626 244 20 angles angle NNS 23626 244 21 , , , 23626 244 22 or or CC 23626 244 23 by by IN 23626 244 24 transmitted transmit VBN 23626 244 25 light light NN 23626 244 26 , , , 23626 244 27 are be VBP 23626 244 28 called call VBN 23626 244 29 pleochroic pleochroic JJ 23626 244 30 , , , 23626 244 31 or or CC 23626 244 32 pleochromatic pleochromatic JJ 23626 244 33 -- -- : 23626 244 34 from from IN 23626 244 35 two two CD 23626 244 36 Greek greek JJ 23626 244 37 words word NNS 23626 244 38 signifying signify VBG 23626 244 39 " " '' 23626 244 40 to to TO 23626 244 41 colour colour VB 23626 244 42 more more RBR 23626 244 43 . . . 23626 244 44 " " '' 23626 245 1 To to TO 23626 245 2 aid aid VB 23626 245 3 in in IN 23626 245 4 the the DT 23626 245 5 examination examination NN 23626 245 6 of of IN 23626 245 7 this this DT 23626 245 8 wonderfully wonderfully RB 23626 245 9 beautiful beautiful JJ 23626 245 10 property property NN 23626 245 11 possessed possess VBN 23626 245 12 by by IN 23626 245 13 precious precious JJ 23626 245 14 stones stone NNS 23626 245 15 , , , 23626 245 16 a a DT 23626 245 17 little little JJ 23626 245 18 instrument instrument NN 23626 245 19 has have VBZ 23626 245 20 been be VBN 23626 245 21 invented invent VBN 23626 245 22 called call VBN 23626 245 23 the the DT 23626 245 24 dichroscope dichroscope NNP 23626 245 25 , , , 23626 245 26 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 245 27 name name NN 23626 245 28 showing show VBG 23626 245 29 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 245 30 Greek greek JJ 23626 245 31 derivation derivation NN 23626 245 32 , , , 23626 245 33 and and CC 23626 245 34 meaning--"to meaning--"to NNS 23626 245 35 see see VBP 23626 245 36 colour colour NN 23626 245 37 twice twice RB 23626 245 38 " " '' 23626 245 39 ( ( -LRB- 23626 245 40 twice twice RB 23626 245 41 , , , 23626 245 42 colour colour NN 23626 245 43 , , , 23626 245 44 to to TO 23626 245 45 see see VB 23626 245 46 ) ) -RRB- 23626 245 47 . . . 23626 246 1 It -PRON- PRP 23626 246 2 is be VBZ 23626 246 3 often often RB 23626 246 4 a a DT 23626 246 5 part part NN 23626 246 6 of of IN 23626 246 7 a a DT 23626 246 8 polariscope polariscope NN 23626 246 9 ; ; : 23626 246 10 frequently frequently RB 23626 246 11 a a DT 23626 246 12 part part NN 23626 246 13 also also RB 23626 246 14 of of IN 23626 246 15 the the DT 23626 246 16 polarising polarise VBG 23626 246 17 attachment attachment NN 23626 246 18 to to IN 23626 246 19 the the DT 23626 246 20 microscope microscope NN 23626 246 21 , , , 23626 246 22 and and CC 23626 246 23 is be VBZ 23626 246 24 so so RB 23626 246 25 simple simple JJ 23626 246 26 and and CC 23626 246 27 ingenious ingenious JJ 23626 246 28 as as IN 23626 246 29 to to TO 23626 246 30 deserve deserve VB 23626 246 31 detailed detailed JJ 23626 246 32 explanation explanation NN 23626 246 33 . . . 23626 247 1 In in IN 23626 247 2 a a DT 23626 247 3 small small JJ 23626 247 4 , , , 23626 247 5 brass brass NN 23626 247 6 tube tube NN 23626 247 7 is be VBZ 23626 247 8 fixed fix VBN 23626 247 9 a a DT 23626 247 10 double double JJ 23626 247 11 - - HYPH 23626 247 12 image image NN 23626 247 13 prism prism NN 23626 247 14 of of IN 23626 247 15 calcite calcite NN 23626 247 16 or or CC 23626 247 17 Iceland Iceland NNP 23626 247 18 spar spar NNS 23626 247 19 , , , 23626 247 20 which which WDT 23626 247 21 has have VBZ 23626 247 22 been be VBN 23626 247 23 achromatised achromatise VBN 23626 247 24 -- -- : 23626 247 25 that that RB 23626 247 26 is is RB 23626 247 27 , , , 23626 247 28 clear clear JJ 23626 247 29 , , , 23626 247 30 devoid devoid JJ 23626 247 31 of of IN 23626 247 32 colour colour NN 23626 247 33 -- -- : 23626 247 34 and and CC 23626 247 35 is be VBZ 23626 247 36 therefore therefore RB 23626 247 37 capable capable JJ 23626 247 38 of of IN 23626 247 39 transmitting transmit VBG 23626 247 40 light light NN 23626 247 41 without without IN 23626 247 42 showing show VBG 23626 247 43 any any DT 23626 247 44 prismatic prismatic JJ 23626 247 45 effect effect NN 23626 247 46 , , , 23626 247 47 or or CC 23626 247 48 allowing allow VBG 23626 247 49 the the DT 23626 247 50 least least JJS 23626 247 51 trace trace NN 23626 247 52 of of IN 23626 247 53 any any DT 23626 247 54 except except IN 23626 247 55 the the DT 23626 247 56 clear clear JJ 23626 247 57 light light NN 23626 247 58 - - HYPH 23626 247 59 beam beam NN 23626 247 60 to to TO 23626 247 61 pass pass VB 23626 247 62 through through RB 23626 247 63 . . . 23626 248 1 At at IN 23626 248 2 one one CD 23626 248 3 end end NN 23626 248 4 of of IN 23626 248 5 this this DT 23626 248 6 tube tube NN 23626 248 7 there there EX 23626 248 8 is be VBZ 23626 248 9 a a DT 23626 248 10 tiny tiny JJ 23626 248 11 square square JJ 23626 248 12 hole hole NN 23626 248 13 , , , 23626 248 14 the the DT 23626 248 15 opposite opposite JJ 23626 248 16 end end NN 23626 248 17 carrying carry VBG 23626 248 18 a a DT 23626 248 19 small small JJ 23626 248 20 convex convex NNS 23626 248 21 lens lens NN 23626 248 22 , , , 23626 248 23 of of IN 23626 248 24 such such PDT 23626 248 25 a a DT 23626 248 26 strength strength NN 23626 248 27 or or CC 23626 248 28 focus focus VB 23626 248 29 as as IN 23626 248 30 to to TO 23626 248 31 show show VB 23626 248 32 the the DT 23626 248 33 square square JJ 23626 248 34 hole hole NN 23626 248 35 in in IN 23626 248 36 true true JJ 23626 248 37 focus focus NN 23626 248 38 , , , 23626 248 39 that that RB 23626 248 40 is is RB 23626 248 41 , , , 23626 248 42 with with IN 23626 248 43 perfectly perfectly RB 23626 248 44 sharp sharp JJ 23626 248 45 definition definition NN 23626 248 46 , , , 23626 248 47 even even RB 23626 248 48 up up IN 23626 248 49 to to IN 23626 248 50 the the DT 23626 248 51 corners corner NNS 23626 248 52 of of IN 23626 248 53 the the DT 23626 248 54 square square NN 23626 248 55 . . . 23626 249 1 On on IN 23626 249 2 looking look VBG 23626 249 3 through through IN 23626 249 4 the the DT 23626 249 5 tube tube NN 23626 249 6 , , , 23626 249 7 the the DT 23626 249 8 square square JJ 23626 249 9 hole hole NN 23626 249 10 is be VBZ 23626 249 11 duplicated duplicate VBN 23626 249 12 , , , 23626 249 13 two two CD 23626 249 14 squares square NNS 23626 249 15 being be VBG 23626 249 16 seen see VBN 23626 249 17 . . . 23626 250 1 The the DT 23626 250 2 colours colour NNS 23626 250 3 of of IN 23626 250 4 a a DT 23626 250 5 gem gem NN 23626 250 6 are be VBP 23626 250 7 tested test VBN 23626 250 8 by by IN 23626 250 9 the the DT 23626 250 10 stone stone NN 23626 250 11 being be VBG 23626 250 12 put put VBN 23626 250 13 in in IN 23626 250 14 front front NN 23626 250 15 of of IN 23626 250 16 this this DT 23626 250 17 square square NN 23626 250 18 , , , 23626 250 19 when when WRB 23626 250 20 the the DT 23626 250 21 two two CD 23626 250 22 colours colour NNS 23626 250 23 are be VBP 23626 250 24 seen see VBN 23626 250 25 quite quite RB 23626 250 26 distinctly distinctly RB 23626 250 27 . . . 23626 251 1 Not not RB 23626 251 2 only only RB 23626 251 3 is be VBZ 23626 251 4 this this DT 23626 251 5 a a DT 23626 251 6 simple simple JJ 23626 251 7 means means NN 23626 251 8 of of IN 23626 251 9 judging judge VBG 23626 251 10 colour colour NN 23626 251 11 , , , 23626 251 12 but but CC 23626 251 13 it -PRON- PRP 23626 251 14 enables enable VBZ 23626 251 15 a a DT 23626 251 16 stone stone NN 23626 251 17 to to TO 23626 251 18 be be VB 23626 251 19 classified classify VBN 23626 251 20 readily readily RB 23626 251 21 . . . 23626 252 1 For for IN 23626 252 2 if if IN 23626 252 3 the the DT 23626 252 4 dichroscope dichroscope NN 23626 252 5 shows show VBZ 23626 252 6 two two CD 23626 252 7 images image NNS 23626 252 8 of of IN 23626 252 9 _ _ NNP 23626 252 10 the the DT 23626 252 11 same same JJ 23626 252 12 _ _ NNP 23626 252 13 colour colour NN 23626 252 14 , , , 23626 252 15 then then RB 23626 252 16 it -PRON- PRP 23626 252 17 may may MD 23626 252 18 possibly possibly RB 23626 252 19 be be VB 23626 252 20 a a DT 23626 252 21 carbuncle carbuncle NN 23626 252 22 , , , 23626 252 23 or or CC 23626 252 24 a a DT 23626 252 25 diamond diamond NN 23626 252 26 , , , 23626 252 27 as as IN 23626 252 28 the the DT 23626 252 29 case case NN 23626 252 30 may may MD 23626 252 31 be be VB 23626 252 32 -- -- : 23626 252 33 for for IN 23626 252 34 single single RB 23626 252 35 - - HYPH 23626 252 36 refracting refract VBG 23626 252 37 stones stone NNS 23626 252 38 , , , 23626 252 39 of of IN 23626 252 40 the the DT 23626 252 41 first first JJ 23626 252 42 or or CC 23626 252 43 cubic cubic JJ 23626 252 44 system system NN 23626 252 45 , , , 23626 252 46 show show VBP 23626 252 47 two two CD 23626 252 48 images image NNS 23626 252 49 of of IN 23626 252 50 _ _ NNP 23626 252 51 the the DT 23626 252 52 same same JJ 23626 252 53 _ _ NNP 23626 252 54 colour colour NN 23626 252 55 . . . 23626 253 1 But but CC 23626 253 2 if if IN 23626 253 3 these these DT 23626 253 4 two two CD 23626 253 5 colours colour NNS 23626 253 6 are be VBP 23626 253 7 different different JJ 23626 253 8 , , , 23626 253 9 then then RB 23626 253 10 it -PRON- PRP 23626 253 11 must must MD 23626 253 12 be be VB 23626 253 13 a a DT 23626 253 14 double double RB 23626 253 15 - - HYPH 23626 253 16 refracting refract VBG 23626 253 17 stone stone NN 23626 253 18 , , , 23626 253 19 and and CC 23626 253 20 according accord VBG 23626 253 21 to to IN 23626 253 22 the the DT 23626 253 23 particular particular JJ 23626 253 24 colours colour NNS 23626 253 25 seen see VBN 23626 253 26 , , , 23626 253 27 so so RB 23626 253 28 is be VBZ 23626 253 29 the the DT 23626 253 30 stone stone NN 23626 253 31 classified classify VBD 23626 253 32 , , , 23626 253 33 for for IN 23626 253 34 each each DT 23626 253 35 stone stone NN 23626 253 36 has have VBZ 23626 253 37 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 253 38 own own JJ 23626 253 39 identical identical JJ 23626 253 40 colour colour NN 23626 253 41 or or CC 23626 253 42 colours colour NNS 23626 253 43 when when WRB 23626 253 44 viewed view VBD 23626 253 45 through through IN 23626 253 46 this this DT 23626 253 47 small small JJ 23626 253 48 but but CC 23626 253 49 useful useful JJ 23626 253 50 instrument instrument NN 23626 253 51 . . . 23626 254 1 How how WRB 23626 254 2 clear clear JJ 23626 254 3 and and CC 23626 254 4 distinct distinct JJ 23626 254 5 are be VBP 23626 254 6 these these DT 23626 254 7 changes change NNS 23626 254 8 may may MD 23626 254 9 be be VB 23626 254 10 viewed view VBN 23626 254 11 without without IN 23626 254 12 it -PRON- PRP 23626 254 13 in in IN 23626 254 14 substances substance NNS 23626 254 15 strongly strongly RB 23626 254 16 dichroic dichroic JJ 23626 254 17 ; ; : 23626 254 18 for for IN 23626 254 19 instance instance NN 23626 254 20 , , , 23626 254 21 if if IN 23626 254 22 common common JJ 23626 254 23 mica mica NNP 23626 254 24 is be VBZ 23626 254 25 viewed view VBN 23626 254 26 in in IN 23626 254 27 one one CD 23626 254 28 direction direction NN 23626 254 29 , , , 23626 254 30 it -PRON- PRP 23626 254 31 is be VBZ 23626 254 32 transparent transparent JJ 23626 254 33 as as IN 23626 254 34 polished polished JJ 23626 254 35 plate plate NN 23626 254 36 - - HYPH 23626 254 37 glass glass NN 23626 254 38 , , , 23626 254 39 whilst whilst IN 23626 254 40 at at IN 23626 254 41 another another DT 23626 254 42 angle angle NN 23626 254 43 , , , 23626 254 44 it -PRON- PRP 23626 254 45 is be VBZ 23626 254 46 totally totally RB 23626 254 47 opaque opaque JJ 23626 254 48 . . . 23626 255 1 Chloride chloride NN 23626 255 2 of of IN 23626 255 3 palladium palladium NN 23626 255 4 also also RB 23626 255 5 is be VBZ 23626 255 6 blood blood NN 23626 255 7 - - HYPH 23626 255 8 red red NN 23626 255 9 when when WRB 23626 255 10 viewed view VBD 23626 255 11 parallel parallel NN 23626 255 12 to to IN 23626 255 13 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 255 14 axis axis NN 23626 255 15 , , , 23626 255 16 and and CC 23626 255 17 transversely transversely RB 23626 255 18 , , , 23626 255 19 it -PRON- PRP 23626 255 20 is be VBZ 23626 255 21 a a DT 23626 255 22 remarkably remarkably RB 23626 255 23 bright bright JJ 23626 255 24 green green NN 23626 255 25 . . . 23626 256 1 The the DT 23626 256 2 beryl beryl NN 23626 256 3 also also RB 23626 256 4 , , , 23626 256 5 is be VBZ 23626 256 6 sea sea NN 23626 256 7 - - HYPH 23626 256 8 green green JJ 23626 256 9 one one CD 23626 256 10 way way NN 23626 256 11 and and CC 23626 256 12 a a DT 23626 256 13 beautiful beautiful JJ 23626 256 14 blue blue NN 23626 256 15 another another DT 23626 256 16 ; ; : 23626 256 17 the the DT 23626 256 18 yellow yellow JJ 23626 256 19 chrysoberyl chrysoberyl NN 23626 256 20 is be VBZ 23626 256 21 brown brown NNP 23626 256 22 one one CD 23626 256 23 way way NN 23626 256 24 and and CC 23626 256 25 yellow yellow NN 23626 256 26 with with IN 23626 256 27 a a DT 23626 256 28 greenish greenish JJ 23626 256 29 cast cast NN 23626 256 30 when when WRB 23626 256 31 viewed view VBD 23626 256 32 another another DT 23626 256 33 way way NN 23626 256 34 . . . 23626 257 1 The the DT 23626 257 2 pink pink JJ 23626 257 3 topaz topaz NN 23626 257 4 shows show NNS 23626 257 5 rose rose NN 23626 257 6 - - HYPH 23626 257 7 colour colour NN 23626 257 8 in in IN 23626 257 9 one one CD 23626 257 10 direction direction NN 23626 257 11 and and CC 23626 257 12 yellow yellow NN 23626 257 13 in in IN 23626 257 14 another another DT 23626 257 15 . . . 23626 258 1 These these DT 23626 258 2 are be VBP 23626 258 3 perhaps perhaps RB 23626 258 4 the the DT 23626 258 5 most most RBS 23626 258 6 striking striking JJ 23626 258 7 examples example NNS 23626 258 8 , , , 23626 258 9 and and CC 23626 258 10 are be VBP 23626 258 11 mostly mostly RB 23626 258 12 self self NN 23626 258 13 - - HYPH 23626 258 14 evident evident JJ 23626 258 15 to to IN 23626 258 16 the the DT 23626 258 17 naked naked JJ 23626 258 18 eye eye NN 23626 258 19 , , , 23626 258 20 whilst whilst IN 23626 258 21 in in IN 23626 258 22 other other JJ 23626 258 23 cases case NNS 23626 258 24 , , , 23626 258 25 the the DT 23626 258 26 changes change NNS 23626 258 27 are be VBP 23626 258 28 so so RB 23626 258 29 delicate delicate JJ 23626 258 30 that that IN 23626 258 31 the the DT 23626 258 32 instrument instrument NN 23626 258 33 must must MD 23626 258 34 be be VB 23626 258 35 used use VBN 23626 258 36 to to TO 23626 258 37 give give VB 23626 258 38 certainty certainty NN 23626 258 39 ; ; : 23626 258 40 some some DT 23626 258 41 again again RB 23626 258 42 show show VBP 23626 258 43 changes change NNS 23626 258 44 of of IN 23626 258 45 colour colour NN 23626 258 46 as as IN 23626 258 47 the the DT 23626 258 48 stone stone NN 23626 258 49 is be VBZ 23626 258 50 revolved revolve VBN 23626 258 51 in in IN 23626 258 52 the the DT 23626 258 53 dichroscope dichroscope NN 23626 258 54 , , , 23626 258 55 or or CC 23626 258 56 the the DT 23626 258 57 instrument instrument NN 23626 258 58 revolved revolve VBD 23626 258 59 round round IN 23626 258 60 the the DT 23626 258 61 stone stone NN 23626 258 62 . . . 23626 259 1 Some some DT 23626 259 2 stones stone NNS 23626 259 3 , , , 23626 259 4 such such JJ 23626 259 5 as as IN 23626 259 6 the the DT 23626 259 7 opal opal NN 23626 259 8 , , , 23626 259 9 split split VBD 23626 259 10 up up RP 23626 259 11 the the DT 23626 259 12 light light NN 23626 259 13 - - HYPH 23626 259 14 beams beam NNS 23626 259 15 as as IN 23626 259 16 does do VBZ 23626 259 17 a a DT 23626 259 18 prism prism NN 23626 259 19 , , , 23626 259 20 and and CC 23626 259 21 show show VB 23626 259 22 a a DT 23626 259 23 wonderful wonderful JJ 23626 259 24 exhibition exhibition NN 23626 259 25 of of IN 23626 259 26 prismatic prismatic JJ 23626 259 27 colour colour NN 23626 259 28 , , , 23626 259 29 which which WDT 23626 259 30 is be VBZ 23626 259 31 technically technically RB 23626 259 32 known know VBN 23626 259 33 as as IN 23626 259 34 a a DT 23626 259 35 " " `` 23626 259 36 play play NN 23626 259 37 of of IN 23626 259 38 colour colour NN 23626 259 39 . . . 23626 259 40 " " '' 23626 260 1 The the DT 23626 260 2 descriptive descriptive JJ 23626 260 3 term term NN 23626 260 4 " " `` 23626 260 5 opalescence opalescence NN 23626 260 6 " " '' 23626 260 7 is be VBZ 23626 260 8 self self NN 23626 260 9 - - HYPH 23626 260 10 suggesting suggest VBG 23626 260 11 as as IN 23626 260 12 to to IN 23626 260 13 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 260 14 origin origin NN 23626 260 15 , , , 23626 260 16 which which WDT 23626 260 17 is be VBZ 23626 260 18 the the DT 23626 260 19 " " `` 23626 260 20 noble noble JJ 23626 260 21 " " '' 23626 260 22 or or CC 23626 260 23 " " `` 23626 260 24 precious precious JJ 23626 260 25 " " '' 23626 260 26 opal opal NN 23626 260 27 ; ; : 23626 260 28 this this DT 23626 260 29 radiates radiate VBZ 23626 260 30 brilliant brilliant JJ 23626 260 31 and and CC 23626 260 32 rapidly rapidly RB 23626 260 33 changing change VBG 23626 260 34 iridescent iridescent JJ 23626 260 35 reflections reflection NNS 23626 260 36 of of IN 23626 260 37 blue blue JJ 23626 260 38 , , , 23626 260 39 green green JJ 23626 260 40 , , , 23626 260 41 yellow yellow JJ 23626 260 42 and and CC 23626 260 43 red red JJ 23626 260 44 , , , 23626 260 45 all all DT 23626 260 46 blending blend VBG 23626 260 47 with with IN 23626 260 48 , , , 23626 260 49 and and CC 23626 260 50 coming come VBG 23626 260 51 out out IN 23626 260 52 of of IN 23626 260 53 , , , 23626 260 54 a a DT 23626 260 55 curious curious JJ 23626 260 56 silky silky NN 23626 260 57 and and CC 23626 260 58 milky milky JJ 23626 260 59 whiteness whiteness NN 23626 260 60 , , , 23626 260 61 which which WDT 23626 260 62 is be VBZ 23626 260 63 altogether altogether RB 23626 260 64 characteristic characteristic JJ 23626 260 65 . . . 23626 261 1 The the DT 23626 261 2 moonstone moonstone NN 23626 261 3 is be VBZ 23626 261 4 another another DT 23626 261 5 example example NN 23626 261 6 of of IN 23626 261 7 this this DT 23626 261 8 peculiar peculiar JJ 23626 261 9 feature feature NN 23626 261 10 which which WDT 23626 261 11 is be VBZ 23626 261 12 possessed possess VBN 23626 261 13 in in IN 23626 261 14 a a DT 23626 261 15 more more RBR 23626 261 16 or or CC 23626 261 17 less less JJR 23626 261 18 degree degree NN 23626 261 19 by by IN 23626 261 20 all all PDT 23626 261 21 the the DT 23626 261 22 stones stone NNS 23626 261 23 in in IN 23626 261 24 the the DT 23626 261 25 class class NN 23626 261 26 of of IN 23626 261 27 pellucid pellucid JJ 23626 261 28 jewels jewel NNS 23626 261 29 , , , 23626 261 30 but but CC 23626 261 31 no no DT 23626 261 32 stone stone NN 23626 261 33 or or CC 23626 261 34 gem gem NN 23626 261 35 can can MD 23626 261 36 in in IN 23626 261 37 any any DT 23626 261 38 way way NN 23626 261 39 even even RB 23626 261 40 rival rival VBP 23626 261 41 the the DT 23626 261 42 curious curious JJ 23626 261 43 mixture mixture NN 23626 261 44 of of IN 23626 261 45 opaqueness opaqueness NN 23626 261 46 , , , 23626 261 47 translucency translucency NN 23626 261 48 , , , 23626 261 49 silkiness silkiness NN 23626 261 50 , , , 23626 261 51 milkiness milkiness NN 23626 261 52 , , , 23626 261 53 fire fire NN 23626 261 54 , , , 23626 261 55 and and CC 23626 261 56 the the DT 23626 261 57 steadfast steadfast JJ 23626 261 58 changeable changeable JJ 23626 261 59 and and CC 23626 261 60 prismatic prismatic JJ 23626 261 61 brilliance brilliance NN 23626 261 62 of of IN 23626 261 63 colour colour NN 23626 261 64 of of IN 23626 261 65 the the DT 23626 261 66 precious precious JJ 23626 261 67 opal opal NN 23626 261 68 . . . 23626 262 1 The the DT 23626 262 2 other other JJ 23626 262 3 six six CD 23626 262 4 varieties variety NNS 23626 262 5 of of IN 23626 262 6 opal opal NN 23626 262 7 are be VBP 23626 262 8 much much RB 23626 262 9 inferior inferior JJ 23626 262 10 in in IN 23626 262 11 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 262 12 strange strange JJ 23626 262 13 mixture mixture NN 23626 262 14 of of IN 23626 262 15 these these DT 23626 262 16 anomalies anomaly NNS 23626 262 17 of of IN 23626 262 18 light light NN 23626 262 19 and and CC 23626 262 20 colour colour NN 23626 262 21 . . . 23626 263 1 Given give VBN 23626 263 2 in in IN 23626 263 3 order order NN 23626 263 4 of of IN 23626 263 5 value value NN 23626 263 6 , , , 23626 263 7 we -PRON- PRP 23626 263 8 have have VBP 23626 263 9 as as IN 23626 263 10 the the DT 23626 263 11 second second JJ 23626 263 12 , , , 23626 263 13 the the DT 23626 263 14 " " `` 23626 263 15 fire fire NN 23626 263 16 " " '' 23626 263 17 opal opal NN 23626 263 18 with with IN 23626 263 19 a a DT 23626 263 20 red red JJ 23626 263 21 reflection reflection NN 23626 263 22 , , , 23626 263 23 and and CC 23626 263 24 , , , 23626 263 25 as as IN 23626 263 26 a a DT 23626 263 27 rule rule NN 23626 263 28 , , , 23626 263 29 that that IN 23626 263 30 only only RB 23626 263 31 . . . 23626 264 1 The the DT 23626 264 2 third third JJ 23626 264 3 in in IN 23626 264 4 value value NN 23626 264 5 is be VBZ 23626 264 6 the the DT 23626 264 7 " " `` 23626 264 8 common common JJ 23626 264 9 " " '' 23626 264 10 opal opal JJ 23626 264 11 , , , 23626 264 12 with with IN 23626 264 13 the the DT 23626 264 14 colours colour NNS 23626 264 15 of of IN 23626 264 16 green green JJ 23626 264 17 , , , 23626 264 18 red red JJ 23626 264 19 , , , 23626 264 20 white white JJ 23626 264 21 and and CC 23626 264 22 yellow yellow JJ 23626 264 23 , , , 23626 264 24 but but CC 23626 264 25 this this DT 23626 264 26 is be VBZ 23626 264 27 easily easily RB 23626 264 28 distinguishable distinguishable JJ 23626 264 29 from from IN 23626 264 30 the the DT 23626 264 31 " " `` 23626 264 32 noble noble JJ 23626 264 33 " " '' 23626 264 34 or or CC 23626 264 35 " " `` 23626 264 36 precious precious JJ 23626 264 37 " " '' 23626 264 38 variety variety NN 23626 264 39 in in IN 23626 264 40 that that WDT 23626 264 41 the the DT 23626 264 42 common common JJ 23626 264 43 opal opal NN 23626 264 44 does do VBZ 23626 264 45 not not RB 23626 264 46 possess possess VB 23626 264 47 that that DT 23626 264 48 wonderful wonderful JJ 23626 264 49 " " `` 23626 264 50 play play NN 23626 264 51 " " '' 23626 264 52 of of IN 23626 264 53 colour colour NN 23626 264 54 . . . 23626 265 1 The the DT 23626 265 2 fourth fourth JJ 23626 265 3 variety variety NN 23626 265 4 is be VBZ 23626 265 5 called call VBN 23626 265 6 the the DT 23626 265 7 " " `` 23626 265 8 semi semi JJ 23626 265 9 - - JJ 23626 265 10 opal opal JJ 23626 265 11 , , , 23626 265 12 " " '' 23626 265 13 which which WDT 23626 265 14 is be VBZ 23626 265 15 really really RB 23626 265 16 like like IN 23626 265 17 the the DT 23626 265 18 third third JJ 23626 265 19 variety variety NN 23626 265 20 , , , 23626 265 21 the the DT 23626 265 22 " " `` 23626 265 23 common common JJ 23626 265 24 , , , 23626 265 25 " " '' 23626 265 26 but but CC 23626 265 27 of of IN 23626 265 28 a a DT 23626 265 29 poorer poor JJR 23626 265 30 quality quality NN 23626 265 31 and and CC 23626 265 32 more more RBR 23626 265 33 opaque opaque JJ 23626 265 34 . . . 23626 266 1 The the DT 23626 266 2 fifth fifth JJ 23626 266 3 variety variety NN 23626 266 4 in in IN 23626 266 5 order order NN 23626 266 6 of of IN 23626 266 7 value value NN 23626 266 8 , , , 23626 266 9 is be VBZ 23626 266 10 that that DT 23626 266 11 known know VBN 23626 266 12 as as IN 23626 266 13 the the DT 23626 266 14 " " `` 23626 266 15 hydrophane hydrophane NN 23626 266 16 , , , 23626 266 17 " " '' 23626 266 18 which which WDT 23626 266 19 has have VBZ 23626 266 20 an an DT 23626 266 21 interesting interesting JJ 23626 266 22 characteristic characteristic NN 23626 266 23 in in IN 23626 266 24 becoming become VBG 23626 266 25 transparent transparent JJ 23626 266 26 when when WRB 23626 266 27 immersed immerse VBN 23626 266 28 in in IN 23626 266 29 water water NN 23626 266 30 , , , 23626 266 31 and and CC 23626 266 32 only only RB 23626 266 33 then then RB 23626 266 34 . . . 23626 267 1 The the DT 23626 267 2 sixth sixth JJ 23626 267 3 is be VBZ 23626 267 4 the the DT 23626 267 5 " " `` 23626 267 6 hyalite hyalite NN 23626 267 7 , , , 23626 267 8 " " '' 23626 267 9 which which WDT 23626 267 10 has have VBZ 23626 267 11 but but CC 23626 267 12 a a DT 23626 267 13 glassy glassy JJ 23626 267 14 or or CC 23626 267 15 vitreous vitreous JJ 23626 267 16 lustre lustre NN 23626 267 17 , , , 23626 267 18 and and CC 23626 267 19 is be VBZ 23626 267 20 found find VBN 23626 267 21 almost almost RB 23626 267 22 exclusively exclusively RB 23626 267 23 in in IN 23626 267 24 the the DT 23626 267 25 form form NN 23626 267 26 of of IN 23626 267 27 globules globule NNS 23626 267 28 , , , 23626 267 29 or or CC 23626 267 30 clusters cluster NNS 23626 267 31 of of IN 23626 267 32 globules globule NNS 23626 267 33 , , , 23626 267 34 somewhat somewhat RB 23626 267 35 after after IN 23626 267 36 the the DT 23626 267 37 form form NN 23626 267 38 and and CC 23626 267 39 size size NN 23626 267 40 of of IN 23626 267 41 bunches bunche NNS 23626 267 42 of of IN 23626 267 43 grapes grape NNS 23626 267 44 ; ; : 23626 267 45 hence hence RB 23626 267 46 the the DT 23626 267 47 name name NN 23626 267 48 " " `` 23626 267 49 botryoidal botryoidal NN 23626 267 50 " " '' 23626 267 51 is be VBZ 23626 267 52 often often RB 23626 267 53 applied apply VBN 23626 267 54 to to IN 23626 267 55 this this DT 23626 267 56 variety variety NN 23626 267 57 . . . 23626 268 1 The the DT 23626 268 2 last last JJ 23626 268 3 and and CC 23626 268 4 commonest common JJS 23626 268 5 of of IN 23626 268 6 all all PDT 23626 268 7 the the DT 23626 268 8 seven seven CD 23626 268 9 varieties variety NNS 23626 268 10 of of IN 23626 268 11 opal opal NN 23626 268 12 is be VBZ 23626 268 13 somewhat somewhat RB 23626 268 14 after after IN 23626 268 15 the the DT 23626 268 16 shape shape NN 23626 268 17 of of IN 23626 268 18 a a DT 23626 268 19 kidney kidney NN 23626 268 20 ( ( -LRB- 23626 268 21 reniform reniform NN 23626 268 22 ) ) -RRB- 23626 268 23 , , , 23626 268 24 or or CC 23626 268 25 other other JJ 23626 268 26 irregular irregular JJ 23626 268 27 shape shape NN 23626 268 28 , , , 23626 268 29 occasionally occasionally RB 23626 268 30 almost almost RB 23626 268 31 transparent transparent JJ 23626 268 32 , , , 23626 268 33 but but CC 23626 268 34 more more RBR 23626 268 35 often often RB 23626 268 36 somewhat somewhat RB 23626 268 37 translucent translucent JJ 23626 268 38 , , , 23626 268 39 and and CC 23626 268 40 very very RB 23626 268 41 often often RB 23626 268 42 opaque opaque JJ 23626 268 43 . . . 23626 269 1 This this DT 23626 269 2 seventh seventh JJ 23626 269 3 class class NN 23626 269 4 is be VBZ 23626 269 5 called call VBN 23626 269 6 " " `` 23626 269 7 menilite menilite NN 23626 269 8 , , , 23626 269 9 " " '' 23626 269 10 being be VBG 23626 269 11 really really RB 23626 269 12 an an DT 23626 269 13 opaline opaline JJ 23626 269 14 form form NN 23626 269 15 of of IN 23626 269 16 quartz quartz NN 23626 269 17 , , , 23626 269 18 originally originally RB 23626 269 19 found find VBN 23626 269 20 at at IN 23626 269 21 Menilmontant Menilmontant NNP 23626 269 22 , , , 23626 269 23 hence hence RB 23626 269 24 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 269 25 name name NN 23626 269 26 ( ( -LRB- 23626 269 27 _ _ NNP 23626 269 28 Menil Menil NNP 23626 269 29 _ _ NNP 23626 269 30 , , , 23626 269 31 and and CC 23626 269 32 Greek Greek NNP 23626 269 33 _ _ NNP 23626 269 34 lithos litho VBZ 23626 269 35 _ _ NNP 23626 269 36 , , , 23626 269 37 stone stone NN 23626 269 38 ) ) -RRB- 23626 269 39 . . . 23626 270 1 It -PRON- PRP 23626 270 2 is be VBZ 23626 270 3 a a DT 23626 270 4 curious curious JJ 23626 270 5 blue blue NN 23626 270 6 on on IN 23626 270 7 the the DT 23626 270 8 exterior exterior NN 23626 270 9 of of IN 23626 270 10 the the DT 23626 270 11 stone stone NN 23626 270 12 , , , 23626 270 13 brown brown NNP 23626 270 14 inside inside RB 23626 270 15 . . . 23626 271 1 History history NN 23626 271 2 records record VBZ 23626 271 3 many many JJ 23626 271 4 magnificent magnificent JJ 23626 271 5 and and CC 23626 271 6 valuable valuable JJ 23626 271 7 opals opal NNS 23626 271 8 , , , 23626 271 9 not not RB 23626 271 10 the the DT 23626 271 11 least least JJS 23626 271 12 of of IN 23626 271 13 which which WDT 23626 271 14 was be VBD 23626 271 15 that that DT 23626 271 16 of of IN 23626 271 17 Nonius Nonius NNP 23626 271 18 , , , 23626 271 19 who who WP 23626 271 20 declined decline VBD 23626 271 21 to to TO 23626 271 22 give give VB 23626 271 23 it -PRON- PRP 23626 271 24 to to IN 23626 271 25 Mark Mark NNP 23626 271 26 Antony Antony NNP 23626 271 27 , , , 23626 271 28 choosing choose VBG 23626 271 29 exile exile NN 23626 271 30 rather rather RB 23626 271 31 than than IN 23626 271 32 part part NN 23626 271 33 with with IN 23626 271 34 so so RB 23626 271 35 rare rare JJ 23626 271 36 a a DT 23626 271 37 jewel jewel NN 23626 271 38 , , , 23626 271 39 which which WDT 23626 271 40 Pliny Pliny NNP 23626 271 41 describes describe VBZ 23626 271 42 as as IN 23626 271 43 being be VBG 23626 271 44 existent existent NN 23626 271 45 in in IN 23626 271 46 his -PRON- PRP$ 23626 271 47 day day NN 23626 271 48 , , , 23626 271 49 and and CC 23626 271 50 of of IN 23626 271 51 a a DT 23626 271 52 value value NN 23626 271 53 which which WDT 23626 271 54 , , , 23626 271 55 in in IN 23626 271 56 present present JJ 23626 271 57 English english JJ 23626 271 58 computation computation NN 23626 271 59 , , , 23626 271 60 would would MD 23626 271 61 exceed exceed VB 23626 271 62 one one CD 23626 271 63 hundred hundred CD 23626 271 64 thousand thousand CD 23626 271 65 pounds pound NNS 23626 271 66 . . . 23626 272 1 Many many JJ 23626 272 2 other other JJ 23626 272 3 stones stone NNS 23626 272 4 possess possess VBP 23626 272 5 one one CD 23626 272 6 or or CC 23626 272 7 more more JJR 23626 272 8 properties property NNS 23626 272 9 of of IN 23626 272 10 the the DT 23626 272 11 opal opal NN 23626 272 12 , , , 23626 272 13 and and CC 23626 272 14 are be VBP 23626 272 15 therefore therefore RB 23626 272 16 considered consider VBN 23626 272 17 more more RBR 23626 272 18 or or CC 23626 272 19 less less JJR 23626 272 20 opalescent opalescent JJ 23626 272 21 . . . 23626 273 1 This this DT 23626 273 2 " " `` 23626 273 3 play play NN 23626 273 4 of of IN 23626 273 5 colour colour NN 23626 273 6 " " '' 23626 273 7 and and CC 23626 273 8 " " `` 23626 273 9 opalescence opalescence NN 23626 273 10 , , , 23626 273 11 " " '' 23626 273 12 must must MD 23626 273 13 not not RB 23626 273 14 be be VB 23626 273 15 confused confuse VBN 23626 273 16 with with IN 23626 273 17 " " `` 23626 273 18 change change NN 23626 273 19 of of IN 23626 273 20 colour colour NN 23626 273 21 . . . 23626 273 22 " " '' 23626 274 1 The the DT 23626 274 2 two two CD 23626 274 3 first first RB 23626 274 4 appear appear VBP 23626 274 5 mostly mostly RB 23626 274 6 in in IN 23626 274 7 spots spot NNS 23626 274 8 and and CC 23626 274 9 in in IN 23626 274 10 brilliant brilliant JJ 23626 274 11 points point NNS 23626 274 12 or or CC 23626 274 13 flashes flash NNS 23626 274 14 of of IN 23626 274 15 coloured colour VBN 23626 274 16 light light NN 23626 274 17 , , , 23626 274 18 or or CC 23626 274 19 " " `` 23626 274 20 fire fire NN 23626 274 21 " " '' 23626 274 22 as as IN 23626 274 23 it -PRON- PRP 23626 274 24 is be VBZ 23626 274 25 termed term VBN 23626 274 26 . . . 23626 275 1 This this DT 23626 275 2 fire fire NN 23626 275 3 is be VBZ 23626 275 4 constantly constantly RB 23626 275 5 on on IN 23626 275 6 the the DT 23626 275 7 move move NN 23626 275 8 , , , 23626 275 9 or or CC 23626 275 10 " " `` 23626 275 11 playing play VBG 23626 275 12 , , , 23626 275 13 " " '' 23626 275 14 whereas whereas IN 23626 275 15 " " `` 23626 275 16 change change NN 23626 275 17 of of IN 23626 275 18 colour colour NN 23626 275 19 , , , 23626 275 20 " " '' 23626 275 21 though though IN 23626 275 22 not not RB 23626 275 23 greatly greatly RB 23626 275 24 dissimilar dissimilar JJ 23626 275 25 , , , 23626 275 26 is be VBZ 23626 275 27 when when WRB 23626 275 28 the the DT 23626 275 29 fire fire NN 23626 275 30 merely merely RB 23626 275 31 travels travel VBZ 23626 275 32 over over IN 23626 275 33 broader broad JJR 23626 275 34 surfaces surface NNS 23626 275 35 , , , 23626 275 36 each each DT 23626 275 37 colour colour NN 23626 275 38 remaining remain VBG 23626 275 39 constant constant JJ 23626 275 40 , , , 23626 275 41 such such JJ 23626 275 42 as as IN 23626 275 43 when when WRB 23626 275 44 directly directly RB 23626 275 45 moving move VBG 23626 275 46 the the DT 23626 275 47 stone stone NN 23626 275 48 , , , 23626 275 49 or or CC 23626 275 50 turning turn VBG 23626 275 51 it -PRON- PRP 23626 275 52 , , , 23626 275 53 when when WRB 23626 275 54 the the DT 23626 275 55 broad broad JJ 23626 275 56 mass mass NN 23626 275 57 of of IN 23626 275 58 coloured coloured JJ 23626 275 59 light light NN 23626 275 60 slowly slowly RB 23626 275 61 changes change NNS 23626 275 62 , , , 23626 275 63 usually usually RB 23626 275 64 to to IN 23626 275 65 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 275 66 complementary complementary NN 23626 275 67 . . . 23626 276 1 Thus thus RB 23626 276 2 in in IN 23626 276 3 this this DT 23626 276 4 class class NN 23626 276 5 of of IN 23626 276 6 stone stone NN 23626 276 7 , , , 23626 276 8 subject subject JJ 23626 276 9 to to IN 23626 276 10 " " `` 23626 276 11 change change NN 23626 276 12 of of IN 23626 276 13 colour colour NN 23626 276 14 , , , 23626 276 15 " " '' 23626 276 16 a a DT 23626 276 17 green green JJ 23626 276 18 light light NN 23626 276 19 is be VBZ 23626 276 20 usually usually RB 23626 276 21 followed follow VBN 23626 276 22 by by IN 23626 276 23 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 276 24 complementary complementary JJ 23626 276 25 , , , 23626 276 26 red red JJ 23626 276 27 , , , 23626 276 28 yellow yellow JJ 23626 276 29 by by IN 23626 276 30 purple purple JJ 23626 276 31 , , , 23626 276 32 blue blue JJ 23626 276 33 by by IN 23626 276 34 orange orange JJ 23626 276 35 , , , 23626 276 36 green green JJ 23626 276 37 by by IN 23626 276 38 brown brown NNP 23626 276 39 , , , 23626 276 40 orange orange NNP 23626 276 41 by by IN 23626 276 42 grey grey NNP 23626 276 43 , , , 23626 276 44 purple purple JJ 23626 276 45 by by IN 23626 276 46 broken break VBN 23626 276 47 green green NN 23626 276 48 , , , 23626 276 49 with with IN 23626 276 50 all all PDT 23626 276 51 the the DT 23626 276 52 intermediary intermediary JJ 23626 276 53 shades shade NNS 23626 276 54 of of IN 23626 276 55 each each DT 23626 276 56 . . . 23626 277 1 Thus thus RB 23626 277 2 when when WRB 23626 277 3 the the DT 23626 277 4 line line NN 23626 277 5 of of IN 23626 277 6 sight sight NN 23626 277 7 is be VBZ 23626 277 8 altered alter VBN 23626 277 9 , , , 23626 277 10 or or CC 23626 277 11 the the DT 23626 277 12 stone stone NN 23626 277 13 moved move VBD 23626 277 14 , , , 23626 277 15 never never RB 23626 277 16 otherwise otherwise RB 23626 277 17 , , , 23626 277 18 the the DT 23626 277 19 colours colour NNS 23626 277 20 chase chase NN 23626 277 21 one one CD 23626 277 22 another another DT 23626 277 23 over over IN 23626 277 24 the the DT 23626 277 25 surface surface NN 23626 277 26 of of IN 23626 277 27 the the DT 23626 277 28 gem gem NN 23626 277 29 , , , 23626 277 30 and and CC 23626 277 31 mostly mostly RB 23626 277 32 in in IN 23626 277 33 broad broad JJ 23626 277 34 splashes splash NNS 23626 277 35 ; ; : 23626 277 36 but but CC 23626 277 37 in in IN 23626 277 38 those those DT 23626 277 39 gems gem NNS 23626 277 40 possessing possess VBG 23626 277 41 " " '' 23626 277 42 play play NN 23626 277 43 of of IN 23626 277 44 colour colour NN 23626 277 45 , , , 23626 277 46 " " '' 23626 277 47 strictly strictly RB 23626 277 48 speaking speak VBG 23626 277 49 , , , 23626 277 50 whilst whilst IN 23626 277 51 the the DT 23626 277 52 stone stone NN 23626 277 53 itself -PRON- PRP 23626 277 54 remains remain VBZ 23626 277 55 perfectly perfectly RB 23626 277 56 still still RB 23626 277 57 , , , 23626 277 58 and and CC 23626 277 59 the the DT 23626 277 60 sight sight NN 23626 277 61 is be VBZ 23626 277 62 fixed fix VBN 23626 277 63 unwaveringly unwaveringly RB 23626 277 64 upon upon IN 23626 277 65 it -PRON- PRP 23626 277 66 , , , 23626 277 67 the the DT 23626 277 68 pulsations pulsation NNS 23626 277 69 of of IN 23626 277 70 the the DT 23626 277 71 blood blood NN 23626 277 72 in in IN 23626 277 73 the the DT 23626 277 74 eyes eye NNS 23626 277 75 , , , 23626 277 76 with with IN 23626 277 77 the the DT 23626 277 78 natural natural JJ 23626 277 79 movements movement NNS 23626 277 80 of of IN 23626 277 81 the the DT 23626 277 82 eyes eye NNS 23626 277 83 and and CC 23626 277 84 eyelids eyelid NNS 23626 277 85 , , , 23626 277 86 even even RB 23626 277 87 in in IN 23626 277 88 a a DT 23626 277 89 fixed fix VBN 23626 277 90 , , , 23626 277 91 steady steady JJ 23626 277 92 glance glance NN 23626 277 93 , , , 23626 277 94 are be VBP 23626 277 95 quite quite RB 23626 277 96 sufficient sufficient JJ 23626 277 97 to to TO 23626 277 98 create create VB 23626 277 99 in in IN 23626 277 100 the the DT 23626 277 101 stone stone NN 23626 277 102 a a DT 23626 277 103 display display NN 23626 277 104 of of IN 23626 277 105 sparks spark NNS 23626 277 106 and and CC 23626 277 107 splashes splash NNS 23626 277 108 of of IN 23626 277 109 beautiful beautiful JJ 23626 277 110 fiery fiery JJ 23626 277 111 light light NN 23626 277 112 and and CC 23626 277 113 colour colour NN 23626 277 114 at at IN 23626 277 115 every every DT 23626 277 116 tremor tremor NN 23626 277 117 . . . 23626 278 1 The the DT 23626 278 2 term term NN 23626 278 3 " " `` 23626 278 4 iridescence iridescence NN 23626 278 5 " " '' 23626 278 6 is be VBZ 23626 278 7 used use VBN 23626 278 8 when when WRB 23626 278 9 the the DT 23626 278 10 display display NN 23626 278 11 of of IN 23626 278 12 colour colour NN 23626 278 13 is be VBZ 23626 278 14 seen see VBN 23626 278 15 on on IN 23626 278 16 the the DT 23626 278 17 surface surface NN 23626 278 18 , , , 23626 278 19 rather rather RB 23626 278 20 than than IN 23626 278 21 coming come VBG 23626 278 22 out out IN 23626 278 23 of of IN 23626 278 24 the the DT 23626 278 25 stone stone NN 23626 278 26 itself -PRON- PRP 23626 278 27 . . . 23626 279 1 The the DT 23626 279 2 cause cause NN 23626 279 3 of of IN 23626 279 4 this this DT 23626 279 5 is be VBZ 23626 279 6 a a DT 23626 279 7 natural natural JJ 23626 279 8 , , , 23626 279 9 or or CC 23626 279 10 in in IN 23626 279 11 some some DT 23626 279 12 cases case NNS 23626 279 13 an an DT 23626 279 14 accidental accidental JJ 23626 279 15 , , , 23626 279 16 breaking break VBG 23626 279 17 of of IN 23626 279 18 the the DT 23626 279 19 surface surface NN 23626 279 20 of of IN 23626 279 21 the the DT 23626 279 22 stone stone NN 23626 279 23 into into IN 23626 279 24 numerous numerous JJ 23626 279 25 cobweb cobweb NN 23626 279 26 - - HYPH 23626 279 27 like like JJ 23626 279 28 cracks crack NNS 23626 279 29 ; ; : 23626 279 30 these these DT 23626 279 31 are be VBP 23626 279 32 often often RB 23626 279 33 of of IN 23626 279 34 microscopic microscopic JJ 23626 279 35 fineness fineness NN 23626 279 36 , , , 23626 279 37 only only RB 23626 279 38 perceptible perceptible JJ 23626 279 39 under under IN 23626 279 40 moderately moderately RB 23626 279 41 high high JJ 23626 279 42 powers power NNS 23626 279 43 . . . 23626 280 1 Nevertheless nevertheless RB 23626 280 2 they -PRON- PRP 23626 280 3 are be VBP 23626 280 4 quite quite RB 23626 280 5 sufficient sufficient JJ 23626 280 6 to to TO 23626 280 7 interfere interfere VB 23626 280 8 with with IN 23626 280 9 and and CC 23626 280 10 refract refract VB 23626 280 11 the the DT 23626 280 12 light light NN 23626 280 13 rays ray NNS 23626 280 14 and and CC 23626 280 15 to to TO 23626 280 16 split split VB 23626 280 17 them -PRON- PRP 23626 280 18 up up RP 23626 280 19 prismatically prismatically RB 23626 280 20 . . . 23626 281 1 In in IN 23626 281 2 some some DT 23626 281 3 inferior inferior JJ 23626 281 4 stones stone NNS 23626 281 5 this this DT 23626 281 6 same same JJ 23626 281 7 effect effect NN 23626 281 8 is be VBZ 23626 281 9 caused cause VBN 23626 281 10 or or CC 23626 281 11 obtained obtain VBN 23626 281 12 by by IN 23626 281 13 the the DT 23626 281 14 application application NN 23626 281 15 of of IN 23626 281 16 a a DT 23626 281 17 gentle gentle JJ 23626 281 18 heat heat NN 23626 281 19 , , , 23626 281 20 immersion immersion NN 23626 281 21 in in IN 23626 281 22 chemicals chemical NNS 23626 281 23 , , , 23626 281 24 subjection subjection NN 23626 281 25 to to TO 23626 281 26 " " `` 23626 281 27 X x NN 23626 281 28 rays ray NNS 23626 281 29 " " '' 23626 281 30 and and CC 23626 281 31 other other JJ 23626 281 32 strong strong JJ 23626 281 33 electric electric JJ 23626 281 34 influence influence NN 23626 281 35 , , , 23626 281 36 and and CC 23626 281 37 in in IN 23626 281 38 many many JJ 23626 281 39 other other JJ 23626 281 40 ways way NNS 23626 281 41 . . . 23626 282 1 As as IN 23626 282 2 a a DT 23626 282 3 result result NN 23626 282 4 , , , 23626 282 5 the the DT 23626 282 6 stone stone NN 23626 282 7 is be VBZ 23626 282 8 very very RB 23626 282 9 slightly slightly RB 23626 282 10 expanded expand VBN 23626 282 11 , , , 23626 282 12 and and CC 23626 282 13 as as IN 23626 282 14 the the DT 23626 282 15 molecules molecule NNS 23626 282 16 separate separate VBP 23626 282 17 , , , 23626 282 18 there there EX 23626 282 19 appear appear VBP 23626 282 20 on on IN 23626 282 21 the the DT 23626 282 22 surface surface NN 23626 282 23 thousands thousand NNS 23626 282 24 , , , 23626 282 25 perhaps perhaps RB 23626 282 26 millions million NNS 23626 282 27 , , , 23626 282 28 of of IN 23626 282 29 microscopic microscopic JJ 23626 282 30 fissures fissure NNS 23626 282 31 running run VBG 23626 282 32 at at IN 23626 282 33 all all DT 23626 282 34 angles angle NNS 23626 282 35 , , , 23626 282 36 so so IN 23626 282 37 that that IN 23626 282 38 no no DT 23626 282 39 matter matter NN 23626 282 40 from from IN 23626 282 41 what what WDT 23626 282 42 position position NN 23626 282 43 the the DT 23626 282 44 stone stone NN 23626 282 45 may may MD 23626 282 46 be be VB 23626 282 47 viewed view VBN 23626 282 48 , , , 23626 282 49 a a DT 23626 282 50 great great JJ 23626 282 51 number number NN 23626 282 52 of of IN 23626 282 53 these these DT 23626 282 54 fissures fissure NNS 23626 282 55 are be VBP 23626 282 56 certain certain JJ 23626 282 57 to to TO 23626 282 58 split split VB 23626 282 59 up up RP 23626 282 60 the the DT 23626 282 61 light light NN 23626 282 62 into into IN 23626 282 63 prismatic prismatic JJ 23626 282 64 colours colour NNS 23626 282 65 causing cause VBG 23626 282 66 brilliant brilliant JJ 23626 282 67 iridescence iridescence NN 23626 282 68 . . . 23626 283 1 Similar similar JJ 23626 283 2 fissures fissure NNS 23626 283 3 may may MD 23626 283 4 often often RB 23626 283 5 be be VB 23626 283 6 seen see VBN 23626 283 7 with with IN 23626 283 8 the the DT 23626 283 9 naked naked JJ 23626 283 10 eye eye NN 23626 283 11 on on IN 23626 283 12 glass glass NN 23626 283 13 , , , 23626 283 14 especially especially RB 23626 283 15 if if IN 23626 283 16 scorched scorch VBN 23626 283 17 or or CC 23626 283 18 cooled cool VBD 23626 283 19 too too RB 23626 283 20 rapidly rapidly RB 23626 283 21 ( ( -LRB- 23626 283 22 chilled chill VBN 23626 283 23 ) ) -RRB- 23626 283 24 , , , 23626 283 25 and and CC 23626 283 26 on on IN 23626 283 27 the the DT 23626 283 28 surface surface NN 23626 283 29 of of IN 23626 283 30 clear clear JJ 23626 283 31 spar spar NNP 23626 283 32 and and CC 23626 283 33 mica mica NNP 23626 283 34 , , , 23626 283 35 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 283 36 effects effect NNS 23626 283 37 being be VBG 23626 283 38 of of IN 23626 283 39 extreme extreme JJ 23626 283 40 interest interest NN 23626 283 41 , , , 23626 283 42 from from IN 23626 283 43 a a DT 23626 283 44 colour colour NN 23626 283 45 point point NN 23626 283 46 of of IN 23626 283 47 view view NN 23626 283 48 , , , 23626 283 49 at at IN 23626 283 50 least least JJS 23626 283 51 . . . 23626 284 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 23626 284 2 VII VII NNP 23626 284 3 . . . 23626 285 1 PHYSICAL PHYSICAL NNP 23626 285 2 PROPERTIES PROPERTIES NNP 23626 285 3 . . . 23626 286 1 E e LS 23626 286 2 -- -- : 23626 286 3 HARDNESS hardness NN 23626 286 4 . . . 23626 287 1 Hardness Hardness NNP 23626 287 2 is be VBZ 23626 287 3 perhaps perhaps RB 23626 287 4 one one CD 23626 287 5 of of IN 23626 287 6 the the DT 23626 287 7 most most RBS 23626 287 8 important important JJ 23626 287 9 features feature NNS 23626 287 10 in in IN 23626 287 11 a a DT 23626 287 12 stone stone NN 23626 287 13 , , , 23626 287 14 especially especially RB 23626 287 15 those those DT 23626 287 16 of of IN 23626 287 17 the the DT 23626 287 18 " " `` 23626 287 19 gem gem NN 23626 287 20 " " '' 23626 287 21 series series NN 23626 287 22 , , , 23626 287 23 for for IN 23626 287 24 no no RB 23626 287 25 matter matter RB 23626 287 26 how how WRB 23626 287 27 colour colour NN 23626 287 28 , , , 23626 287 29 lustre lustre NNP 23626 287 30 , , , 23626 287 31 general general JJ 23626 287 32 beauty beauty NN 23626 287 33 and and CC 23626 287 34 even even RB 23626 287 35 rarity rarity NN 23626 287 36 may may MD 23626 287 37 entitle entitle VB 23626 287 38 a a DT 23626 287 39 stone stone NN 23626 287 40 to to IN 23626 287 41 the the DT 23626 287 42 designation designation NN 23626 287 43 " " `` 23626 287 44 precious precious JJ 23626 287 45 , , , 23626 287 46 " " '' 23626 287 47 unless unless IN 23626 287 48 it -PRON- PRP 23626 287 49 possesses possess VBZ 23626 287 50 great great JJ 23626 287 51 hardness hardness NN 23626 287 52 it -PRON- PRP 23626 287 53 can can MD 23626 287 54 not not RB 23626 287 55 be be VB 23626 287 56 used use VBN 23626 287 57 as as IN 23626 287 58 a a DT 23626 287 59 gem gem NN 23626 287 60 or or CC 23626 287 61 jewel jewel NN 23626 287 62 . . . 23626 288 1 Consequently consequently RB 23626 288 2 , , , 23626 288 3 the the DT 23626 288 4 hardness hardness NN 23626 288 5 of of IN 23626 288 6 jewels jewel NNS 23626 288 7 is be VBZ 23626 288 8 a a DT 23626 288 9 matter matter NN 23626 288 10 of of IN 23626 288 11 no no DT 23626 288 12 small small JJ 23626 288 13 importance importance NN 23626 288 14 , , , 23626 288 15 and and CC 23626 288 16 by by IN 23626 288 17 dint dint NN 23626 288 18 of of IN 23626 288 19 indefatigable indefatigable JJ 23626 288 20 research research NN 23626 288 21 , , , 23626 288 22 in in IN 23626 288 23 tests test NNS 23626 288 24 and and CC 23626 288 25 comparison comparison NN 23626 288 26 , , , 23626 288 27 all all DT 23626 288 28 known know VBN 23626 288 29 precious precious JJ 23626 288 30 stones stone NNS 23626 288 31 have have VBP 23626 288 32 been be VBN 23626 288 33 classified classify VBN 23626 288 34 in in IN 23626 288 35 various various JJ 23626 288 36 scales scale NNS 23626 288 37 or or CC 23626 288 38 degrees degree NNS 23626 288 39 of of IN 23626 288 40 hardness hardness NN 23626 288 41 . . . 23626 289 1 The the DT 23626 289 2 most most RBS 23626 289 3 popular popular JJ 23626 289 4 and and CC 23626 289 5 reliable reliable JJ 23626 289 6 table table NN 23626 289 7 is be VBZ 23626 289 8 that that DT 23626 289 9 of of IN 23626 289 10 Mohs Mohs NNP 23626 289 11 , , , 23626 289 12 in in IN 23626 289 13 which which WDT 23626 289 14 he -PRON- PRP 23626 289 15 takes take VBZ 23626 289 16 talc talc NN 23626 289 17 as as IN 23626 289 18 the the DT 23626 289 19 softest soft JJS 23626 289 20 of of IN 23626 289 21 the the DT 23626 289 22 rarer rarer NN 23626 289 23 minerals mineral NNS 23626 289 24 and and CC 23626 289 25 classes class NNS 23626 289 26 this this DT 23626 289 27 as as IN 23626 289 28 No no UH 23626 289 29 . . . 23626 290 1 1 1 LS 23626 290 2 ; ; : 23626 290 3 from from IN 23626 290 4 that that DT 23626 290 5 he -PRON- PRP 23626 290 6 goes go VBZ 23626 290 7 by by IN 23626 290 8 gradual gradual JJ 23626 290 9 steps step NNS 23626 290 10 to to IN 23626 290 11 the the DT 23626 290 12 diamond diamond NN 23626 290 13 , , , 23626 290 14 the the DT 23626 290 15 hardest hard JJS 23626 290 16 of of IN 23626 290 17 the the DT 23626 290 18 stones stone NNS 23626 290 19 , , , 23626 290 20 which which WDT 23626 290 21 he -PRON- PRP 23626 290 22 calls call VBZ 23626 290 23 No no UH 23626 290 24 . . . 23626 291 1 10 10 CD 23626 291 2 , , , 23626 291 3 and and CC 23626 291 4 between between IN 23626 291 5 these these DT 23626 291 6 two two CD 23626 291 7 all all DT 23626 291 8 other other JJ 23626 291 9 gems gem NNS 23626 291 10 are be VBP 23626 291 11 placed place VBN 23626 291 12 . . . 23626 292 1 Here here RB 23626 292 2 is be VBZ 23626 292 3 given give VBN 23626 292 4 a a DT 23626 292 5 complete complete JJ 23626 292 6 list list NN 23626 292 7 of of IN 23626 292 8 Mohs Mohs NNP 23626 292 9 's 's POS 23626 292 10 arrangement arrangement NN 23626 292 11 of of IN 23626 292 12 stones stone NNS 23626 292 13 , , , 23626 292 14 according accord VBG 23626 292 15 to to IN 23626 292 16 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 292 17 hardness hardness NN 23626 292 18 , , , 23626 292 19 beginning begin VBG 23626 292 20 at at IN 23626 292 21 No no UH 23626 292 22 . . . 23626 293 1 1 1 CD 23626 293 2 , , , 23626 293 3 thus:-- thus:-- : 23626 293 4 Talc Talc NNP 23626 293 5 1 1 CD 23626 293 6 Rock Rock NNP 23626 293 7 salt salt NN 23626 293 8 2 2 CD 23626 293 9 Amber Amber NNP 23626 293 10 2 2 CD 23626 293 11 - - SYM 23626 293 12 1/2 1/2 CD 23626 293 13 Calcite calcite NN 23626 293 14 3 3 CD 23626 293 15 Malachite Malachite NNP 23626 293 16 3 3 CD 23626 293 17 - - SYM 23626 293 18 1/2 1/2 CD 23626 293 19 Jet jet NN 23626 293 20 3 3 CD 23626 293 21 - - SYM 23626 293 22 1/2 1/2 CD 23626 293 23 Fluorspar Fluorspar NNP 23626 293 24 4 4 CD 23626 293 25 Apatite apatite NN 23626 293 26 5 5 CD 23626 293 27 Dioptase dioptase NN 23626 293 28 5 5 CD 23626 293 29 Kyanite Kyanite NNP 23626 293 30 ( ( -LRB- 23626 293 31 various various JJ 23626 293 32 ) ) -RRB- 23626 293 33 5 5 CD 23626 293 34 - - SYM 23626 293 35 7 7 CD 23626 293 36 Haüynite Haüynite NNP 23626 293 37 5 5 CD 23626 293 38 - - SYM 23626 293 39 1/2 1/2 CD 23626 293 40 Hæmatite Hæmatite NNP 23626 293 41 5 5 CD 23626 293 42 - - SYM 23626 293 43 1/2 1/2 CD 23626 293 44 Lapis lapis NN 23626 293 45 lazuli lazuli NN 23626 293 46 5 5 CD 23626 293 47 - - SYM 23626 293 48 1/2 1/2 CD 23626 293 49 Moldavite Moldavite NNP 23626 293 50 ( ( -LRB- 23626 293 51 various various JJ 23626 293 52 ) ) -RRB- 23626 293 53 5 5 CD 23626 293 54 - - HYPH 23626 293 55 1/2 1/2 CD 23626 293 56 - - HYPH 23626 293 57 6 6 CD 23626 293 58 - - HYPH 23626 293 59 1/2 1/2 CD 23626 293 60 Rhodonite rhodonite NN 23626 293 61 5 5 CD 23626 293 62 - - HYPH 23626 293 63 1/2 1/2 CD 23626 293 64 - - HYPH 23626 293 65 6 6 CD 23626 293 66 - - HYPH 23626 293 67 1/2 1/2 CD 23626 293 68 Obsidian Obsidian NNP 23626 293 69 5 5 CD 23626 293 70 - - SYM 23626 293 71 1/2 1/2 CD 23626 293 72 Sphene Sphene NNP 23626 293 73 5 5 CD 23626 293 74 - - SYM 23626 293 75 1/2 1/2 CD 23626 293 76 Opal Opal NNP 23626 293 77 ( ( -LRB- 23626 293 78 various various JJ 23626 293 79 ) ) -RRB- 23626 293 80 5 5 CD 23626 293 81 - - HYPH 23626 293 82 1/2 1/2 CD 23626 293 83 - - HYPH 23626 293 84 6 6 CD 23626 293 85 - - HYPH 23626 293 86 1/2 1/2 CD 23626 293 87 Nephrite Nephrite NNP 23626 293 88 5 5 CD 23626 293 89 - - SYM 23626 293 90 3/4 3/4 CD 23626 293 91 Chrysolite Chrysolite NNP 23626 293 92 6 6 CD 23626 293 93 - - SYM 23626 293 94 7 7 CD 23626 293 95 Felspar Felspar NNP 23626 293 96 6 6 CD 23626 293 97 Adularia Adularia NNP 23626 293 98 6 6 CD 23626 293 99 Amazon Amazon NNP 23626 293 100 stone stone NN 23626 293 101 6 6 CD 23626 293 102 Diopside Diopside NNP 23626 293 103 6 6 CD 23626 293 104 Iron Iron NNP 23626 293 105 pyrites pyrite VBZ 23626 293 106 6 6 CD 23626 293 107 Labradorite Labradorite NNP 23626 293 108 6 6 CD 23626 293 109 Turquoise Turquoise NNP 23626 293 110 6 6 CD 23626 293 111 Spodumene Spodumene NNP 23626 293 112 6 6 CD 23626 293 113 - - HYPH 23626 293 114 1/2 1/2 CD 23626 293 115 - - SYM 23626 293 116 7 7 CD 23626 293 117 The the DT 23626 293 118 Chalcedony Chalcedony NNP 23626 293 119 group group NN 23626 293 120 which which WDT 23626 293 121 embraces embrace VBZ 23626 293 122 the the DT 23626 293 123 Agate Agate NNP 23626 293 124 , , , 23626 293 125 Carnelian Carnelian NNP 23626 293 126 , , , 23626 293 127 etc etc FW 23626 293 128 . . . 23626 294 1 6 6 CD 23626 294 2 - - HYPH 23626 294 3 1/2 1/2 CD 23626 294 4 Demantoid Demantoid NNP 23626 294 5 6 6 CD 23626 294 6 - - HYPH 23626 294 7 1/2 1/2 CD 23626 294 8 Epidote Epidote NNP 23626 294 9 6 6 CD 23626 294 10 - - HYPH 23626 294 11 1/2 1/2 CD 23626 294 12 Idocrase Idocrase NNP 23626 294 13 6 6 CD 23626 294 14 - - HYPH 23626 294 15 1/2 1/2 CD 23626 294 16 Garnets garnet NNS 23626 294 17 ( ( -LRB- 23626 294 18 see see VB 23626 294 19 also also RB 23626 294 20 " " `` 23626 294 21 Red Red NNP 23626 294 22 Garnets Garnets NNP 23626 294 23 " " '' 23626 294 24 below below IN 23626 294 25 ) ) -RRB- 23626 294 26 6 6 CD 23626 294 27 - - HYPH 23626 294 28 1/2 1/2 CD 23626 294 29 - - HYPH 23626 294 30 7 7 CD 23626 294 31 - - HYPH 23626 294 32 1/2 1/2 CD 23626 294 33 Axinite axinite JJ 23626 294 34 6 6 CD 23626 294 35 - - HYPH 23626 294 36 3/4 3/4 CD 23626 294 37 Jadeite Jadeite NNP 23626 294 38 6 6 CD 23626 294 39 - - HYPH 23626 294 40 3/4 3/4 CD 23626 294 41 Quartz quartz NN 23626 294 42 , , , 23626 294 43 including include VBG 23626 294 44 Rock Rock NNP 23626 294 45 - - HYPH 23626 294 46 crystal crystal NNP 23626 294 47 , , , 23626 294 48 Amethyst Amethyst NNP 23626 294 49 , , , 23626 294 50 Jasper Jasper NNP 23626 294 51 , , , 23626 294 52 Chrysoprase Chrysoprase NNP 23626 294 53 Citrine Citrine NNP 23626 294 54 , , , 23626 294 55 etc etc FW 23626 294 56 . . . 23626 295 1 7 7 CD 23626 295 2 Jade Jade NNP 23626 295 3 7 7 CD 23626 295 4 Dichorite Dichorite NNP 23626 295 5 ( ( -LRB- 23626 295 6 water water NN 23626 295 7 sapphire sapphire NN 23626 295 8 ) ) -RRB- 23626 295 9 7 7 CD 23626 295 10 - - SYM 23626 295 11 7 7 CD 23626 295 12 - - HYPH 23626 295 13 1/2 1/2 CD 23626 295 14 Cordierite Cordierite NNP 23626 295 15 7 7 CD 23626 295 16 - - SYM 23626 295 17 1/4 1/4 CD 23626 295 18 Red Red NNP 23626 295 19 Garnets Garnets NNPS 23626 295 20 ( ( -LRB- 23626 295 21 see see VB 23626 295 22 also also RB 23626 295 23 Garnets garnet NNS 23626 295 24 above above IN 23626 295 25 ) ) -RRB- 23626 295 26 7 7 CD 23626 295 27 - - SYM 23626 295 28 1/4 1/4 CD 23626 295 29 Tourmaline Tourmaline NNP 23626 295 30 7 7 CD 23626 295 31 - - SYM 23626 295 32 1/4 1/4 CD 23626 295 33 Andalusite Andalusite NNP 23626 295 34 7 7 CD 23626 295 35 - - SYM 23626 295 36 1/2 1/2 CD 23626 295 37 Euclase Euclase NNP 23626 295 38 7 7 CD 23626 295 39 - - SYM 23626 295 40 1/2 1/2 CD 23626 295 41 Staurolite Staurolite NNP 23626 295 42 7 7 CD 23626 295 43 - - SYM 23626 295 44 1/2 1/2 CD 23626 295 45 Zircon Zircon NNP 23626 295 46 7 7 CD 23626 295 47 - - SYM 23626 295 48 1/2 1/2 CD 23626 295 49 Emerald Emerald NNP 23626 295 50 , , , 23626 295 51 Aquamarine Aquamarine NNP 23626 295 52 , , , 23626 295 53 or or CC 23626 295 54 Beryl Beryl NNP 23626 295 55 7 7 CD 23626 295 56 - - HYPH 23626 295 57 3/4 3/4 CD 23626 295 58 Phenakite Phenakite NNP 23626 295 59 7 7 CD 23626 295 60 - - SYM 23626 295 61 3/4 3/4 CD 23626 295 62 Spinel Spinel NNP 23626 295 63 8 8 CD 23626 295 64 Topaz topaz NN 23626 295 65 8 8 CD 23626 295 66 Chrysoberyl Chrysoberyl NNP 23626 295 67 8 8 CD 23626 295 68 - - CD 23626 295 69 1/2 1/2 CD 23626 295 70 The the DT 23626 295 71 Corundum Corundum NNP 23626 295 72 group group NN 23626 295 73 embracing embrace VBG 23626 295 74 the the DT 23626 295 75 Ruby Ruby NNP 23626 295 76 , , , 23626 295 77 Sapphire Sapphire NNP 23626 295 78 , , , 23626 295 79 etc etc FW 23626 295 80 . . . 23626 296 1 9 9 CD 23626 296 2 Diamond diamond NN 23626 296 3 10 10 CD 23626 296 4 ( ( -LRB- 23626 296 5 See see VB 23626 296 6 also also RB 23626 296 7 list list NN 23626 296 8 of of IN 23626 296 9 stones stone NNS 23626 296 10 , , , 23626 296 11 arranged arrange VBN 23626 296 12 in in IN 23626 296 13 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 296 14 respective respective JJ 23626 296 15 colours colour NNS 23626 296 16 , , , 23626 296 17 in in IN 23626 296 18 Chapter Chapter NNP 23626 296 19 XII XII NNP 23626 296 20 . . . 23626 296 21 ) ) -RRB- 23626 297 1 The the DT 23626 297 2 method method NN 23626 297 3 of of IN 23626 297 4 testing testing NN 23626 297 5 is be VBZ 23626 297 6 very very RB 23626 297 7 simple simple JJ 23626 297 8 . . . 23626 298 1 A a DT 23626 298 2 representative representative JJ 23626 298 3 selection selection NN 23626 298 4 of of IN 23626 298 5 the the DT 23626 298 6 above above JJ 23626 298 7 stones stone NNS 23626 298 8 , , , 23626 298 9 each each DT 23626 298 10 with with IN 23626 298 11 a a DT 23626 298 12 sharp sharp JJ 23626 298 13 edge edge NN 23626 298 14 , , , 23626 298 15 is be VBZ 23626 298 16 kept keep VBN 23626 298 17 for for IN 23626 298 18 the the DT 23626 298 19 purpose purpose NN 23626 298 20 of of IN 23626 298 21 scratching scratching NN 23626 298 22 and and CC 23626 298 23 being be VBG 23626 298 24 scratched scratch VBN 23626 298 25 , , , 23626 298 26 and and CC 23626 298 27 those those DT 23626 298 28 usually usually RB 23626 298 29 set set VBN 23626 298 30 apart apart RB 23626 298 31 for for IN 23626 298 32 tests test NNS 23626 298 33 in in IN 23626 298 34 the the DT 23626 298 35 various various JJ 23626 298 36 groups group NNS 23626 298 37 , , , 23626 298 38 are be VBP 23626 298 39 as as IN 23626 298 40 follows:-- follows:-- ADD 23626 298 41 1 1 CD 23626 298 42 Talc Talc NNP 23626 298 43 2 2 CD 23626 298 44 Rock Rock NNP 23626 298 45 - - HYPH 23626 298 46 salt salt NN 23626 298 47 , , , 23626 298 48 or or CC 23626 298 49 Gypsum Gypsum NNP 23626 298 50 3 3 CD 23626 298 51 Calcite Calcite NNP 23626 298 52 4 4 CD 23626 298 53 Fluorspar Fluorspar NNP 23626 298 54 5 5 CD 23626 298 55 Apatite Apatite NNP 23626 298 56 6 6 CD 23626 298 57 Felspar Felspar NNP 23626 298 58 7 7 CD 23626 298 59 Quartz Quartz NNP 23626 298 60 8 8 CD 23626 298 61 Topaz topaz NN 23626 298 62 9 9 CD 23626 298 63 Corundum corundum NN 23626 298 64 10 10 CD 23626 298 65 Diamond Diamond NNP 23626 298 66 The the DT 23626 298 67 stone stone NN 23626 298 68 under under IN 23626 298 69 examination examination NN 23626 298 70 may may MD 23626 298 71 perhaps perhaps RB 23626 298 72 first first RB 23626 298 73 be be VB 23626 298 74 somewhat somewhat RB 23626 298 75 roughly roughly RB 23626 298 76 classified classify VBN 23626 298 77 by by IN 23626 298 78 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 298 79 colour colour NN 23626 298 80 , , , 23626 298 81 cleavage cleavage NN 23626 298 82 , , , 23626 298 83 and and CC 23626 298 84 general general JJ 23626 298 85 shape shape NN 23626 298 86 . . . 23626 299 1 One one CD 23626 299 2 of of IN 23626 299 3 these these DT 23626 299 4 standard standard JJ 23626 299 5 stones stone NNS 23626 299 6 is be VBZ 23626 299 7 then then RB 23626 299 8 gently gently RB 23626 299 9 rubbed rub VBN 23626 299 10 across across IN 23626 299 11 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 299 12 surface surface NN 23626 299 13 and and CC 23626 299 14 then then RB 23626 299 15 others other NNS 23626 299 16 of of IN 23626 299 17 increasingly increasingly RB 23626 299 18 higher high JJR 23626 299 19 degrees degree NNS 23626 299 20 , , , 23626 299 21 till till IN 23626 299 22 no no DT 23626 299 23 scratch scratch NN 23626 299 24 is be VBZ 23626 299 25 evident evident JJ 23626 299 26 under under IN 23626 299 27 a a DT 23626 299 28 magnifying magnifying NN 23626 299 29 glass glass NN 23626 299 30 . . . 23626 300 1 Thus thus RB 23626 300 2 if if IN 23626 300 3 quartz quartz NN 23626 300 4 ceases cease VBZ 23626 300 5 to to TO 23626 300 6 scratch scratch VB 23626 300 7 it -PRON- PRP 23626 300 8 , , , 23626 300 9 but but CC 23626 300 10 a a DT 23626 300 11 topaz topaz NN 23626 300 12 will will MD 23626 300 13 do do VB 23626 300 14 so so RB 23626 300 15 , , , 23626 300 16 the the DT 23626 300 17 degree degree NN 23626 300 18 of of IN 23626 300 19 hardness hardness NN 23626 300 20 must must MD 23626 300 21 lie lie VB 23626 300 22 between between IN 23626 300 23 7 7 CD 23626 300 24 and and CC 23626 300 25 8 8 CD 23626 300 26 . . . 23626 301 1 Then then RB 23626 301 2 we -PRON- PRP 23626 301 3 reverse reverse VBP 23626 301 4 the the DT 23626 301 5 process process NN 23626 301 6 : : : 23626 301 7 the the DT 23626 301 8 stone stone NN 23626 301 9 is be VBZ 23626 301 10 passed pass VBN 23626 301 11 over over IN 23626 301 12 the the DT 23626 301 13 standard standard NN 23626 301 14 , , , 23626 301 15 and and CC 23626 301 16 if if IN 23626 301 17 both both DT 23626 301 18 quartz quartz NN 23626 301 19 and and CC 23626 301 20 topaz topaz NN 23626 301 21 are be VBP 23626 301 22 scratched scratch VBN 23626 301 23 , , , 23626 301 24 then then RB 23626 301 25 the the DT 23626 301 26 stone stone NN 23626 301 27 is be VBZ 23626 301 28 at at IN 23626 301 29 least least JJS 23626 301 30 equal equal JJ 23626 301 31 in in IN 23626 301 32 hardness hardness NN 23626 301 33 to to IN 23626 301 34 the the DT 23626 301 35 topaz topaz NN 23626 301 36 , , , 23626 301 37 and and CC 23626 301 38 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 301 39 classification classification NN 23626 301 40 becomes become VBZ 23626 301 41 an an DT 23626 301 42 easy easy JJ 23626 301 43 matter matter NN 23626 301 44 . . . 23626 302 1 Instead instead RB 23626 302 2 of of IN 23626 302 3 stones stone NNS 23626 302 4 , , , 23626 302 5 some some DT 23626 302 6 experts expert NNS 23626 302 7 use use VBP 23626 302 8 variously variously RB 23626 302 9 - - HYPH 23626 302 10 tempered temper VBN 23626 302 11 needles needle NNS 23626 302 12 of of IN 23626 302 13 different different JJ 23626 302 14 qualities quality NNS 23626 302 15 and and CC 23626 302 16 compositions composition NNS 23626 302 17 of of IN 23626 302 18 iron iron NN 23626 302 19 and and CC 23626 302 20 steel steel NN 23626 302 21 . . . 23626 303 1 For for IN 23626 303 2 instance instance NN 23626 303 3 , , , 23626 303 4 a a DT 23626 303 5 finely finely RB 23626 303 6 - - HYPH 23626 303 7 tempered temper VBN 23626 303 8 ordinary ordinary JJ 23626 303 9 steel steel NN 23626 303 10 needle needle NN 23626 303 11 will will MD 23626 303 12 cut cut VB 23626 303 13 up up RP 23626 303 14 to to IN 23626 303 15 No no NN 23626 303 16 . . . 23626 304 1 6 6 CD 23626 304 2 stones stone NNS 23626 304 3 ; ; : 23626 304 4 one one CD 23626 304 5 made make VBN 23626 304 6 of of IN 23626 304 7 tool tool NN 23626 304 8 steel steel NN 23626 304 9 , , , 23626 304 10 up up IN 23626 304 11 to to TO 23626 304 12 7 7 CD 23626 304 13 ; ; : 23626 304 14 one one CD 23626 304 15 of of IN 23626 304 16 manganese manganese JJ 23626 304 17 steel steel NN 23626 304 18 , , , 23626 304 19 to to IN 23626 304 20 7 7 CD 23626 304 21 - - SYM 23626 304 22 1/2 1/2 CD 23626 304 23 ; ; : 23626 304 24 one one CD 23626 304 25 made made NN 23626 304 26 of of IN 23626 304 27 high high JJ 23626 304 28 - - HYPH 23626 304 29 speed speed NN 23626 304 30 tool tool NN 23626 304 31 steel steel NN 23626 304 32 , , , 23626 304 33 to to IN 23626 304 34 8 8 CD 23626 304 35 and and CC 23626 304 36 8 8 CD 23626 304 37 - - SYM 23626 304 38 1/2 1/2 CD 23626 304 39 , , , 23626 304 40 and and CC 23626 304 41 so so RB 23626 304 42 on on RB 23626 304 43 , , , 23626 304 44 according accord VBG 23626 304 45 to to IN 23626 304 46 temper temper NN 23626 304 47 ; ; : 23626 304 48 so so IN 23626 304 49 that that IN 23626 304 50 from from IN 23626 304 51 the the DT 23626 304 52 scratch scratch NN 23626 304 53 which which WDT 23626 304 54 can can MD 23626 304 55 be be VB 23626 304 56 made make VBN 23626 304 57 with with IN 23626 304 58 the the DT 23626 304 59 finger finger NN 23626 304 60 - - HYPH 23626 304 61 nail nail NN 23626 304 62 on on IN 23626 304 63 mica mica NNP 23626 304 64 , , , 23626 304 65 to to IN 23626 304 66 the the DT 23626 304 67 hardness hardness NN 23626 304 68 of of IN 23626 304 69 the the DT 23626 304 70 diamond diamond NN 23626 304 71 , , , 23626 304 72 which which WDT 23626 304 73 diamond diamond NN 23626 304 74 alone alone RB 23626 304 75 will will MD 23626 304 76 scratch scratch VB 23626 304 77 readily readily RB 23626 304 78 , , , 23626 304 79 the the DT 23626 304 80 stones stone NNS 23626 304 81 may may MD 23626 304 82 be be VB 23626 304 83 picked pick VBN 23626 304 84 out out RP 23626 304 85 , , , 23626 304 86 classified classify VBN 23626 304 87 and and CC 23626 304 88 tested test VBN 23626 304 89 , , , 23626 304 90 with with IN 23626 304 91 unerring unerre VBG 23626 304 92 accuracy accuracy NN 23626 304 93 . . . 23626 305 1 It -PRON- PRP 23626 305 2 will will MD 23626 305 3 thus thus RB 23626 305 4 be be VB 23626 305 5 seen see VBN 23626 305 6 how how WRB 23626 305 7 impossible impossible JJ 23626 305 8 it -PRON- PRP 23626 305 9 is be VBZ 23626 305 10 , , , 23626 305 11 even even RB 23626 305 12 in in IN 23626 305 13 this this DT 23626 305 14 one one CD 23626 305 15 of of IN 23626 305 16 many many JJ 23626 305 17 tests test NNS 23626 305 18 , , , 23626 305 19 for for IN 23626 305 20 an an DT 23626 305 21 expert expert NN 23626 305 22 to to TO 23626 305 23 be be VB 23626 305 24 deceived deceive VBN 23626 305 25 in in IN 23626 305 26 the the DT 23626 305 27 purchase purchase NN 23626 305 28 of of IN 23626 305 29 precious precious JJ 23626 305 30 stones stone NNS 23626 305 31 , , , 23626 305 32 except except IN 23626 305 33 through through IN 23626 305 34 gross gross JJ 23626 305 35 carelessness carelessness NN 23626 305 36 -- -- : 23626 305 37 a a DT 23626 305 38 fault fault NN 23626 305 39 seldom seldom RB 23626 305 40 , , , 23626 305 41 if if IN 23626 305 42 ever ever RB 23626 305 43 , , , 23626 305 44 met meet VBD 23626 305 45 with with IN 23626 305 46 in in IN 23626 305 47 the the DT 23626 305 48 trade trade NN 23626 305 49 . . . 23626 306 1 For for IN 23626 306 2 example example NN 23626 306 3 -- -- : 23626 306 4 a a DT 23626 306 5 piece piece NN 23626 306 6 of of IN 23626 306 7 rock rock NN 23626 306 8 - - HYPH 23626 306 9 crystal crystal NN 23626 306 10 , , , 23626 306 11 chemically chemically RB 23626 306 12 coloured colour VBN 23626 306 13 , , , 23626 306 14 and and CC 23626 306 15 cut cut VBD 23626 306 16 to to TO 23626 306 17 represent represent VB 23626 306 18 a a DT 23626 306 19 ruby ruby NN 23626 306 20 , , , 23626 306 21 might may MD 23626 306 22 appear appear VB 23626 306 23 so so RB 23626 306 24 like like UH 23626 306 25 one one NN 23626 306 26 as as IN 23626 306 27 to to TO 23626 306 28 deceive deceive VB 23626 306 29 a a DT 23626 306 30 novice novice NN 23626 306 31 , , , 23626 306 32 but but CC 23626 306 33 the the DT 23626 306 34 mere mere JJ 23626 306 35 application application NN 23626 306 36 to to IN 23626 306 37 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 306 38 surface surface NN 23626 306 39 of of IN 23626 306 40 a a DT 23626 306 41 real real JJ 23626 306 42 ruby ruby NN 23626 306 43 , , , 23626 306 44 which which WDT 23626 306 45 is be VBZ 23626 306 46 hardness hardness NN 23626 306 47 9 9 CD 23626 306 48 , , , 23626 306 49 or or CC 23626 306 50 a a DT 23626 306 51 No no NN 23626 306 52 . . . 23626 307 1 9 9 CD 23626 307 2 needle needle NN 23626 307 3 , , , 23626 307 4 would would MD 23626 307 5 reveal reveal VB 23626 307 6 too too RB 23626 307 7 deep deep JJ 23626 307 8 or or CC 23626 307 9 powdery powdery VB 23626 307 10 a a DT 23626 307 11 scratch scratch NN 23626 307 12 ; ; : 23626 307 13 also also RB 23626 307 14 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 307 15 possibility possibility NN 23626 307 16 of of IN 23626 307 17 being be VBG 23626 307 18 scratched scratch VBN 23626 307 19 by by IN 23626 307 20 a a DT 23626 307 21 topaz topaz NN 23626 307 22 or or CC 23626 307 23 a a DT 23626 307 24 No no NN 23626 307 25 . . . 23626 308 1 8 8 CD 23626 308 2 needle needle NN 23626 308 3 , , , 23626 308 4 would would MD 23626 308 5 alone alone RB 23626 308 6 prove prove VB 23626 308 7 it -PRON- PRP 23626 308 8 false false JJ 23626 308 9 , , , 23626 308 10 for for IN 23626 308 11 the the DT 23626 308 12 corundum corundum NN 23626 308 13 group group NN 23626 308 14 , , , 23626 308 15 being be VBG 23626 308 16 harder hard JJR 23626 308 17 than than IN 23626 308 18 No no UH 23626 308 19 . . . 23626 309 1 8 8 CD 23626 309 2 , , , 23626 309 3 could could MD 23626 309 4 not not RB 23626 309 5 be be VB 23626 309 6 scratched scratch VBN 23626 309 7 by by IN 23626 309 8 it -PRON- PRP 23626 309 9 . . . 23626 310 1 So so CC 23626 310 2 would would MD 23626 310 3 the the DT 23626 310 4 expert expert NN 23626 310 5 go go VB 23626 310 6 down down IN 23626 310 7 the the DT 23626 310 8 scale scale NN 23626 310 9 , , , 23626 310 10 the the DT 23626 310 11 tiny tiny JJ 23626 310 12 scratches scratch NNS 23626 310 13 becoming become VBG 23626 310 14 fainter fainter NN 23626 310 15 as as IN 23626 310 16 he -PRON- PRP 23626 310 17 descended descend VBD 23626 310 18 , , , 23626 310 19 because because IN 23626 310 20 he -PRON- PRP 23626 310 21 would would MD 23626 310 22 be be VB 23626 310 23 approaching approach VBG 23626 310 24 more more RBR 23626 310 25 nearly nearly RB 23626 310 26 the the DT 23626 310 27 hardness hardness NN 23626 310 28 of of IN 23626 310 29 the the DT 23626 310 30 stone stone NN 23626 310 31 under under IN 23626 310 32 test test NN 23626 310 33 , , , 23626 310 34 till till IN 23626 310 35 he -PRON- PRP 23626 310 36 arrived arrive VBD 23626 310 37 at at IN 23626 310 38 the the DT 23626 310 39 felspar felspar NN 23626 310 40 , , , 23626 310 41 No no UH 23626 310 42 . . . 23626 311 1 6 6 CD 23626 311 2 , , , 23626 311 3 which which WDT 23626 311 4 would would MD 23626 311 5 be be VB 23626 311 6 too too RB 23626 311 7 soft soft JJ 23626 311 8 to to TO 23626 311 9 scratch scratch VB 23626 311 10 it -PRON- PRP 23626 311 11 , , , 23626 311 12 yet yet CC 23626 311 13 the the DT 23626 311 14 stone stone NN 23626 311 15 would would MD 23626 311 16 scratch scratch VB 23626 311 17 the the DT 23626 311 18 felspar felspar NN 23626 311 19 , , , 23626 311 20 but but CC 23626 311 21 not not RB 23626 311 22 zircon zircon NNP 23626 311 23 or or CC 23626 311 24 andalusite andalusite NNP 23626 311 25 , , , 23626 311 26 7 7 CD 23626 311 27 - - SYM 23626 311 28 1/2 1/2 CD 23626 311 29 , , , 23626 311 30 or or CC 23626 311 31 topaz topaz NN 23626 311 32 , , , 23626 311 33 8 8 CD 23626 311 34 , , , 23626 311 35 so so IN 23626 311 36 that that IN 23626 311 37 his -PRON- PRP$ 23626 311 38 tests test NNS 23626 311 39 would would MD 23626 311 40 at at IN 23626 311 41 once once RB 23626 311 42 classify classify VB 23626 311 43 the the DT 23626 311 44 stone stone NN 23626 311 45 as as IN 23626 311 46 a a DT 23626 311 47 piece piece NN 23626 311 48 of of IN 23626 311 49 cut cut NN 23626 311 50 and and CC 23626 311 51 coloured coloured JJ 23626 311 52 quartz quartz NN 23626 311 53 , , , 23626 311 54 thus thus RB 23626 311 55 confirming confirm VBG 23626 311 56 what what WP 23626 311 57 he -PRON- PRP 23626 311 58 would would MD 23626 311 59 , , , 23626 311 60 at at IN 23626 311 61 the the DT 23626 311 62 first first JJ 23626 311 63 sight sight NN 23626 311 64 , , , 23626 311 65 have have VBP 23626 311 66 suspected suspect VBN 23626 311 67 it -PRON- PRP 23626 311 68 to to TO 23626 311 69 be be VB 23626 311 70 . . . 23626 312 1 The the DT 23626 312 2 standard standard JJ 23626 312 3 stones stone NNS 23626 312 4 themselves -PRON- PRP 23626 312 5 are be VBP 23626 312 6 much much RB 23626 312 7 more more RBR 23626 312 8 certain certain JJ 23626 312 9 in in IN 23626 312 10 results result NNS 23626 312 11 than than IN 23626 312 12 the the DT 23626 312 13 needles needle NNS 23626 312 14 , , , 23626 312 15 which which WDT 23626 312 16 latter latter JJ 23626 312 17 , , , 23626 312 18 though though IN 23626 312 19 well well RB 23626 312 20 selected select VBN 23626 312 21 and and CC 23626 312 22 tempered temper VBN 23626 312 23 , , , 23626 312 24 are be VBP 23626 312 25 not not RB 23626 312 26 altogether altogether RB 23626 312 27 reliable reliable JJ 23626 312 28 , , , 23626 312 29 especially especially RB 23626 312 30 in in IN 23626 312 31 the the DT 23626 312 32 more more RBR 23626 312 33 delicate delicate JJ 23626 312 34 distinctions distinction NNS 23626 312 35 of of IN 23626 312 36 picking pick VBG 23626 312 37 out out RP 23626 312 38 the the DT 23626 312 39 hardest hard JJS 23626 312 40 of of IN 23626 312 41 certain certain JJ 23626 312 42 stones stone NNS 23626 312 43 of of IN 23626 312 44 the the DT 23626 312 45 same same JJ 23626 312 46 kind kind NN 23626 312 47 , , , 23626 312 48 in in IN 23626 312 49 which which WDT 23626 312 50 cases case NNS 23626 312 51 only only RB 23626 312 52 the the DT 23626 312 53 expert expert NN 23626 312 54 judge judge NN 23626 312 55 can can MD 23626 312 56 decide decide VB 23626 312 57 with with IN 23626 312 58 exactness exactness NN 23626 312 59 . . . 23626 313 1 Accurate accurate JJ 23626 313 2 in in IN 23626 313 3 this this DT 23626 313 4 the the DT 23626 313 5 expert expert NN 23626 313 6 always always RB 23626 313 7 is be VBZ 23626 313 8 , , , 23626 313 9 for for IN 23626 313 10 he -PRON- PRP 23626 313 11 judges judge VBZ 23626 313 12 by by IN 23626 313 13 the the DT 23626 313 14 sound sound NN 23626 313 15 and and CC 23626 313 16 depth depth NN 23626 313 17 of of IN 23626 313 18 his -PRON- PRP$ 23626 313 19 cut cut NN 23626 313 20 , , , 23626 313 21 and and CC 23626 313 22 by by IN 23626 313 23 the the DT 23626 313 24 amount amount NN 23626 313 25 and and CC 23626 313 26 quality quality NN 23626 313 27 of of IN 23626 313 28 the the DT 23626 313 29 powder powder NN 23626 313 30 , , , 23626 313 31 often often RB 23626 313 32 calling call VBG 23626 313 33 the the DT 23626 313 34 microscope microscope NN 23626 313 35 to to IN 23626 313 36 his -PRON- PRP$ 23626 313 37 aid aid NN 23626 313 38 , , , 23626 313 39 so so IN 23626 313 40 that that IN 23626 313 41 when when WRB 23626 313 42 the the DT 23626 313 43 decision decision NN 23626 313 44 is be VBZ 23626 313 45 made make VBN 23626 313 46 finally finally RB 23626 313 47 , , , 23626 313 48 there there EX 23626 313 49 is be VBZ 23626 313 50 never never RB 23626 313 51 the the DT 23626 313 52 least least JJS 23626 313 53 doubt doubt NN 23626 313 54 about about IN 23626 313 55 it -PRON- PRP 23626 313 56 . . . 23626 314 1 Rapidly rapidly RB 23626 314 2 as as IN 23626 314 3 these these DT 23626 314 4 tests test NNS 23626 314 5 can can MD 23626 314 6 be be VB 23626 314 7 made make VBN 23626 314 8 , , , 23626 314 9 they -PRON- PRP 23626 314 10 are be VBP 23626 314 11 extremely extremely RB 23626 314 12 reliable reliable JJ 23626 314 13 , , , 23626 314 14 and and CC 23626 314 15 should should MD 23626 314 16 the the DT 23626 314 17 stone stone NN 23626 314 18 be be VB 23626 314 19 of of IN 23626 314 20 great great JJ 23626 314 21 value value NN 23626 314 22 , , , 23626 314 23 it -PRON- PRP 23626 314 24 is be VBZ 23626 314 25 also also RB 23626 314 26 subjected subject VBN 23626 314 27 to to IN 23626 314 28 other other JJ 23626 314 29 unerring unerring JJ 23626 314 30 tests test NNS 23626 314 31 of of IN 23626 314 32 extreme extreme JJ 23626 314 33 severity severity NN 23626 314 34 , , , 23626 314 35 any any DT 23626 314 36 one one CD 23626 314 37 of of IN 23626 314 38 which which WDT 23626 314 39 would would MD 23626 314 40 prove prove VB 23626 314 41 it -PRON- PRP 23626 314 42 false false JJ 23626 314 43 , , , 23626 314 44 if if IN 23626 314 45 it -PRON- PRP 23626 314 46 chanced chance VBD 23626 314 47 to to TO 23626 314 48 be be VB 23626 314 49 so so RB 23626 314 50 , , , 23626 314 51 though though IN 23626 314 52 some some DT 23626 314 53 stones stone NNS 23626 314 54 are be VBP 23626 314 55 manufactured manufacture VBN 23626 314 56 and and CC 23626 314 57 coloured colour VBN 23626 314 58 so so RB 23626 314 59 cleverly cleverly RB 23626 314 60 that that DT 23626 314 61 to to IN 23626 314 62 all all DT 23626 314 63 but but IN 23626 314 64 the the DT 23626 314 65 expert expert JJ 23626 314 66 judge judge NN 23626 314 67 and and CC 23626 314 68 experienced experienced JJ 23626 314 69 dealer dealer NN 23626 314 70 , , , 23626 314 71 they -PRON- PRP 23626 314 72 would would MD 23626 314 73 pass pass VB 23626 314 74 well well RB 23626 314 75 for for IN 23626 314 76 the the DT 23626 314 77 genuine genuine NN 23626 314 78 . . . 23626 315 1 In in IN 23626 315 2 Mohs Mohs NNP 23626 315 3 's 's POS 23626 315 4 list list NN 23626 315 5 it -PRON- PRP 23626 315 6 will will MD 23626 315 7 be be VB 23626 315 8 seen see VBN 23626 315 9 that that IN 23626 315 10 several several JJ 23626 315 11 stones stone NNS 23626 315 12 vary vary VBP 23626 315 13 considerably considerably RB 23626 315 14 , , , 23626 315 15 the the DT 23626 315 16 opal opal NN 23626 315 17 , , , 23626 315 18 for for IN 23626 315 19 instance instance NN 23626 315 20 , , , 23626 315 21 having have VBG 23626 315 22 a a DT 23626 315 23 degree degree NN 23626 315 24 of of IN 23626 315 25 hardness hardness NN 23626 315 26 from from IN 23626 315 27 5 5 CD 23626 315 28 - - SYM 23626 315 29 1/2 1/2 CD 23626 315 30 to to IN 23626 315 31 6 6 CD 23626 315 32 - - SYM 23626 315 33 1/2 1/2 CD 23626 315 34 inclusive inclusive NN 23626 315 35 . . . 23626 316 1 All all DT 23626 316 2 stones stone NNS 23626 316 3 differ differ VBP 23626 316 4 slightly slightly RB 23626 316 5 , , , 23626 316 6 though though IN 23626 316 7 almost almost RB 23626 316 8 all all DT 23626 316 9 may may MD 23626 316 10 be be VB 23626 316 11 said say VBN 23626 316 12 to to TO 23626 316 13 fit fit VB 23626 316 14 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 316 15 position position NN 23626 316 16 in in IN 23626 316 17 the the DT 23626 316 18 scale scale NN 23626 316 19 ; ; : 23626 316 20 but but CC 23626 316 21 in in IN 23626 316 22 the the DT 23626 316 23 case case NN 23626 316 24 of of IN 23626 316 25 the the DT 23626 316 26 opal opal NN 23626 316 27 , , , 23626 316 28 the the DT 23626 316 29 difference difference NN 23626 316 30 shown show VBN 23626 316 31 is be VBZ 23626 316 32 partly partly RB 23626 316 33 due due JJ 23626 316 34 to to IN 23626 316 35 the the DT 23626 316 36 many many JJ 23626 316 37 varieties variety NNS 23626 316 38 of of IN 23626 316 39 the the DT 23626 316 40 stone stone NN 23626 316 41 , , , 23626 316 42 as as IN 23626 316 43 described describe VBN 23626 316 44 in in IN 23626 316 45 the the DT 23626 316 46 last last JJ 23626 316 47 chapter chapter NN 23626 316 48 . . . 23626 317 1 In in IN 23626 317 2 applying apply VBG 23626 317 3 this this DT 23626 317 4 test test NN 23626 317 5 of of IN 23626 317 6 hardness hardness NN 23626 317 7 to to IN 23626 317 8 a a DT 23626 317 9 cut cut NN 23626 317 10 gem gem NN 23626 317 11 , , , 23626 317 12 it -PRON- PRP 23626 317 13 will will MD 23626 317 14 be be VB 23626 317 15 noticed notice VBN 23626 317 16 that that IN 23626 317 17 some some DT 23626 317 18 parts part NNS 23626 317 19 of of IN 23626 317 20 the the DT 23626 317 21 same same JJ 23626 317 22 stone stone NN 23626 317 23 seem seem VBP 23626 317 24 to to TO 23626 317 25 scratch scratch VB 23626 317 26 more more RBR 23626 317 27 readily readily RB 23626 317 28 than than IN 23626 317 29 others other NNS 23626 317 30 , , , 23626 317 31 such such JJ 23626 317 32 as as IN 23626 317 33 on on IN 23626 317 34 a a DT 23626 317 35 facet facet NN 23626 317 36 at at IN 23626 317 37 the the DT 23626 317 38 side side NN 23626 317 39 , , , 23626 317 40 which which WDT 23626 317 41 is be VBZ 23626 317 42 often often RB 23626 317 43 softer soft JJR 23626 317 44 than than IN 23626 317 45 those those DT 23626 317 46 nearest near JJS 23626 317 47 the the DT 23626 317 48 widest wide JJS 23626 317 49 part part NN 23626 317 50 of of IN 23626 317 51 the the DT 23626 317 52 stone stone NN 23626 317 53 , , , 23626 317 54 where where WRB 23626 317 55 the the DT 23626 317 56 claws claws NN 23626 317 57 , , , 23626 317 58 which which WDT 23626 317 59 hold hold VBP 23626 317 60 it -PRON- PRP 23626 317 61 in in IN 23626 317 62 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 317 63 setting setting NN 23626 317 64 , , , 23626 317 65 usually usually RB 23626 317 66 come come VB 23626 317 67 . . . 23626 318 1 This this DT 23626 318 2 portion portion NN 23626 318 3 is be VBZ 23626 318 4 called call VBN 23626 318 5 the the DT 23626 318 6 " " `` 23626 318 7 girdle girdle NN 23626 318 8 , , , 23626 318 9 " " '' 23626 318 10 and and CC 23626 318 11 it -PRON- PRP 23626 318 12 is be VBZ 23626 318 13 on on IN 23626 318 14 these these DT 23626 318 15 " " `` 23626 318 16 girdle girdle VB 23626 318 17 " " '' 23626 318 18 facets facet NNS 23626 318 19 that that IN 23626 318 20 the the DT 23626 318 21 scratches scratch NNS 23626 318 22 are be VBP 23626 318 23 generally generally RB 23626 318 24 made make VBN 23626 318 25 . . . 23626 319 1 This this DT 23626 319 2 variation variation NN 23626 319 3 in in IN 23626 319 4 hardness hardness NN 23626 319 5 is be VBZ 23626 319 6 mostly mostly RB 23626 319 7 caused cause VBN 23626 319 8 by by IN 23626 319 9 cleavage cleavage NN 23626 319 10 , , , 23626 319 11 these these DT 23626 319 12 cleavage cleavage NN 23626 319 13 planes plane NNS 23626 319 14 showing show VBG 23626 319 15 a a DT 23626 319 16 marked mark VBN 23626 319 17 , , , 23626 319 18 though though RB 23626 319 19 often often RB 23626 319 20 but but CC 23626 319 21 slight slight JJ 23626 319 22 , , , 23626 319 23 difference difference NN 23626 319 24 in in IN 23626 319 25 the the DT 23626 319 26 scratch scratch NN 23626 319 27 , , , 23626 319 28 which which WDT 23626 319 29 difference difference NN 23626 319 30 is be VBZ 23626 319 31 _ _ NNP 23626 319 32 felt feel VBD 23626 319 33 _ _ NNP 23626 319 34 rather rather RB 23626 319 35 than than IN 23626 319 36 seen see VBN 23626 319 37 . . . 23626 320 1 In in IN 23626 320 2 addition addition NN 23626 320 3 to to IN 23626 320 4 the the DT 23626 320 5 peculiar peculiar JJ 23626 320 6 _ _ NNP 23626 320 7 feel feel VB 23626 320 8 _ _ NNP 23626 320 9 of of IN 23626 320 10 a a DT 23626 320 11 cutting cutting NN 23626 320 12 scratch scratch NN 23626 320 13 , , , 23626 320 14 is be VBZ 23626 320 15 the the DT 23626 320 16 _ _ NNP 23626 320 17 sound sound NN 23626 320 18 _ _ NNP 23626 320 19 of of IN 23626 320 20 it -PRON- PRP 23626 320 21 . . . 23626 321 1 On on IN 23626 321 2 a a DT 23626 321 3 soft soft JJ 23626 321 4 stone stone NN 23626 321 5 being be VBG 23626 321 6 cut cut VBN 23626 321 7 by by IN 23626 321 8 a a DT 23626 321 9 hard hard JJ 23626 321 10 one one CD 23626 321 11 , , , 23626 321 12 little little JJ 23626 321 13 or or CC 23626 321 14 no no DT 23626 321 15 sound sound NN 23626 321 16 is be VBZ 23626 321 17 heard hear VBN 23626 321 18 , , , 23626 321 19 but but CC 23626 321 20 there there EX 23626 321 21 will will MD 23626 321 22 form form VB 23626 321 23 a a DT 23626 321 24 plentiful plentiful JJ 23626 321 25 supply supply NN 23626 321 26 of of IN 23626 321 27 powder powder NN 23626 321 28 , , , 23626 321 29 which which WDT 23626 321 30 , , , 23626 321 31 on on IN 23626 321 32 being be VBG 23626 321 33 brushed brush VBN 23626 321 34 off off RP 23626 321 35 , , , 23626 321 36 reveals reveal VBZ 23626 321 37 a a DT 23626 321 38 more more RBR 23626 321 39 or or CC 23626 321 40 less less RBR 23626 321 41 deep deep JJ 23626 321 42 incision incision NN 23626 321 43 . . . 23626 322 1 But but CC 23626 322 2 as as IN 23626 322 3 the the DT 23626 322 4 stones stone NNS 23626 322 5 approach approach VBP 23626 322 6 one one CD 23626 322 7 another another DT 23626 322 8 in in IN 23626 322 9 hardness hardness NN 23626 322 10 , , , 23626 322 11 there there EX 23626 322 12 will will MD 23626 322 13 be be VB 23626 322 14 little little JJ 23626 322 15 powder powder NN 23626 322 16 and and CC 23626 322 17 a a DT 23626 322 18 considerable considerable JJ 23626 322 19 increase increase NN 23626 322 20 in in IN 23626 322 21 the the DT 23626 322 22 noise noise NN 23626 322 23 ; ; : 23626 322 24 for for IN 23626 322 25 the the DT 23626 322 26 harder hard JJR 23626 322 27 are be VBP 23626 322 28 the the DT 23626 322 29 stones stone NNS 23626 322 30 , , , 23626 322 31 cutting cut VBG 23626 322 32 and and CC 23626 322 33 being be VBG 23626 322 34 cut cut VBN 23626 322 35 , , , 23626 322 36 the the DT 23626 322 37 louder loud JJR 23626 322 38 will will MD 23626 322 39 be be VB 23626 322 40 the the DT 23626 322 41 sound sound NN 23626 322 42 and and CC 23626 322 43 the the DT 23626 322 44 less less RBR 23626 322 45 the the DT 23626 322 46 powder powder NN 23626 322 47 . . . 23626 323 1 An an DT 23626 323 2 example example NN 23626 323 3 of of IN 23626 323 4 this this DT 23626 323 5 difference difference NN 23626 323 6 is be VBZ 23626 323 7 evident evident JJ 23626 323 8 in in IN 23626 323 9 the the DT 23626 323 10 cutting cutting NN 23626 323 11 of of IN 23626 323 12 ordinary ordinary JJ 23626 323 13 glass glass NN 23626 323 14 with with IN 23626 323 15 a a DT 23626 323 16 " " `` 23626 323 17 set set NN 23626 323 18 " " '' 23626 323 19 or or CC 23626 323 20 " " `` 23626 323 21 glazier glazier NNP 23626 323 22 's 's POS 23626 323 23 " " `` 23626 323 24 diamond diamond NN 23626 323 25 , , , 23626 323 26 and and CC 23626 323 27 with with IN 23626 323 28 a a DT 23626 323 29 nail nail NN 23626 323 30 . . . 23626 324 1 If if IN 23626 324 2 the the DT 23626 324 3 diamond diamond NN 23626 324 4 is be VBZ 23626 324 5 held hold VBN 23626 324 6 properly properly RB 23626 324 7 , , , 23626 324 8 there there EX 23626 324 9 will will MD 23626 324 10 be be VB 23626 324 11 heard hear VBN 23626 324 12 a a DT 23626 324 13 curious curious JJ 23626 324 14 sound sound NN 23626 324 15 like like IN 23626 324 16 a a DT 23626 324 17 keen keen JJ 23626 324 18 , , , 23626 324 19 drawn draw VBN 23626 324 20 - - HYPH 23626 324 21 out out RP 23626 324 22 " " `` 23626 324 23 kiss kiss NN 23626 324 24 , , , 23626 324 25 " " '' 23626 324 26 the the DT 23626 324 27 diamond diamond NN 23626 324 28 being be VBG 23626 324 29 considerably considerably RB 23626 324 30 harder hard JJR 23626 324 31 than than IN 23626 324 32 the the DT 23626 324 33 material material NN 23626 324 34 it -PRON- PRP 23626 324 35 cut cut VBD 23626 324 36 . . . 23626 325 1 An an DT 23626 325 2 altogether altogether RB 23626 325 3 different different JJ 23626 325 4 sound sound NN 23626 325 5 is be VBZ 23626 325 6 that that DT 23626 325 7 produced produce VBN 23626 325 8 by by IN 23626 325 9 the the DT 23626 325 10 scratching scratching NN 23626 325 11 of of IN 23626 325 12 glass glass NN 23626 325 13 with with IN 23626 325 14 a a DT 23626 325 15 nail nail NN 23626 325 16 . . . 23626 326 1 In in IN 23626 326 2 this this DT 23626 326 3 case case NN 23626 326 4 , , , 23626 326 5 the the DT 23626 326 6 relative relative JJ 23626 326 7 difference difference NN 23626 326 8 in in IN 23626 326 9 hardness hardness NN 23626 326 10 between between IN 23626 326 11 the the DT 23626 326 12 two two CD 23626 326 13 is be VBZ 23626 326 14 small small JJ 23626 326 15 , , , 23626 326 16 so so IN 23626 326 17 that that IN 23626 326 18 the the DT 23626 326 19 glass glass NN 23626 326 20 can can MD 23626 326 21 only only RB 23626 326 22 be be VB 23626 326 23 scratched scratch VBN 23626 326 24 and and CC 23626 326 25 not not RB 23626 326 26 " " `` 23626 326 27 cut cut VBN 23626 326 28 " " '' 23626 326 29 by by IN 23626 326 30 the the DT 23626 326 31 nail nail NN 23626 326 32 ; ; : 23626 326 33 it -PRON- PRP 23626 326 34 is be VBZ 23626 326 35 too too RB 23626 326 36 hard hard JJ 23626 326 37 for for IN 23626 326 38 that that DT 23626 326 39 , , , 23626 326 40 so so RB 23626 326 41 the the DT 23626 326 42 noise noise NN 23626 326 43 is be VBZ 23626 326 44 much much RB 23626 326 45 greater great JJR 23626 326 46 and and CC 23626 326 47 becomes become VBZ 23626 326 48 a a DT 23626 326 49 screech screech NN 23626 326 50 . . . 23626 327 1 Experience experience NN 23626 327 2 , , , 23626 327 3 therefore therefore RB 23626 327 4 , , , 23626 327 5 makes make VBZ 23626 327 6 it -PRON- PRP 23626 327 7 possible possible JJ 23626 327 8 to to TO 23626 327 9 tell tell VB 23626 327 10 to to IN 23626 327 11 a a DT 23626 327 12 trifle trifle NN 23626 327 13 , , , 23626 327 14 at at IN 23626 327 15 the the DT 23626 327 16 first first JJ 23626 327 17 contact contact NN 23626 327 18 , , , 23626 327 19 of of IN 23626 327 20 what what WP 23626 327 21 the the DT 23626 327 22 stone stone NN 23626 327 23 is be VBZ 23626 327 24 composed compose VBN 23626 327 25 , , , 23626 327 26 and and CC 23626 327 27 in in IN 23626 327 28 which which WDT 23626 327 29 class class NN 23626 327 30 it -PRON- PRP 23626 327 31 should should MD 23626 327 32 be be VB 23626 327 33 placed place VBN 23626 327 34 , , , 23626 327 35 by by IN 23626 327 36 the the DT 23626 327 37 mere mere JJ 23626 327 38 " " `` 23626 327 39 feel feel NN 23626 327 40 " " '' 23626 327 41 of of IN 23626 327 42 the the DT 23626 327 43 scratch scratch NN 23626 327 44 , , , 23626 327 45 the the DT 23626 327 46 depth depth NN 23626 327 47 of of IN 23626 327 48 it -PRON- PRP 23626 327 49 , , , 23626 327 50 the the DT 23626 327 51 amount amount NN 23626 327 52 and and CC 23626 327 53 kind kind RB 23626 327 54 of of RB 23626 327 55 powder powder NN 23626 327 56 it -PRON- PRP 23626 327 57 leaves leave VBZ 23626 327 58 , , , 23626 327 59 and and CC 23626 327 60 above above IN 23626 327 61 all all DT 23626 327 62 , , , 23626 327 63 by by IN 23626 327 64 the the DT 23626 327 65 sound sound NN 23626 327 66 made make VBN 23626 327 67 , , , 23626 327 68 which which WDT 23626 327 69 , , , 23626 327 70 even even RB 23626 327 71 in in IN 23626 327 72 the the DT 23626 327 73 tiniest tiny JJS 23626 327 74 scratch scratch NN 23626 327 75 , , , 23626 327 76 is be VBZ 23626 327 77 quite quite RB 23626 327 78 characteristic characteristic JJ 23626 327 79 . . . 23626 328 1 CHAPTER chapter NN 23626 328 2 VIII viii NN 23626 328 3 . . . 23626 329 1 PHYSICAL PHYSICAL NNP 23626 329 2 PROPERTIES PROPERTIES NNP 23626 329 3 . . . 23626 330 1 F f NN 23626 330 2 -- -- : 23626 330 3 SPECIFIC SPECIFIC VBN 23626 330 4 GRAVITY GRAVITY NNP 23626 330 5 . . . 23626 331 1 The the DT 23626 331 2 fixing fixing NN 23626 331 3 of of IN 23626 331 4 the the DT 23626 331 5 specific specific JJ 23626 331 6 gravity gravity NN 23626 331 7 of of IN 23626 331 8 a a DT 23626 331 9 stone stone NN 23626 331 10 also also RB 23626 331 11 determines determine VBZ 23626 331 12 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 331 13 group group NN 23626 331 14 position position NN 23626 331 15 with with IN 23626 331 16 regard regard NN 23626 331 17 to to IN 23626 331 18 weight weight NN 23626 331 19 ; ; : 23626 331 20 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 331 21 colour colour NN 23626 331 22 and and CC 23626 331 23 other other JJ 23626 331 24 characteristics characteristic NNS 23626 331 25 defining define VBG 23626 331 26 the the DT 23626 331 27 actual actual JJ 23626 331 28 stone stone NN 23626 331 29 . . . 23626 332 1 This this DT 23626 332 2 is be VBZ 23626 332 3 a a DT 23626 332 4 safe safe JJ 23626 332 5 and and CC 23626 332 6 very very RB 23626 332 7 common common JJ 23626 332 8 method method NN 23626 332 9 of of IN 23626 332 10 proving prove VBG 23626 332 11 a a DT 23626 332 12 stone stone NN 23626 332 13 , , , 23626 332 14 since since IN 23626 332 15 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 332 16 specific specific JJ 23626 332 17 gravity gravity NN 23626 332 18 does do VBZ 23626 332 19 not not RB 23626 332 20 vary vary VB 23626 332 21 more more JJR 23626 332 22 than than IN 23626 332 23 a a DT 23626 332 24 point point NN 23626 332 25 or or CC 23626 332 26 so so RB 23626 332 27 in in IN 23626 332 28 different different JJ 23626 332 29 specimens specimen NNS 23626 332 30 of of IN 23626 332 31 the the DT 23626 332 32 same same JJ 23626 332 33 stone stone NN 23626 332 34 . . . 23626 333 1 There there EX 23626 333 2 are be VBP 23626 333 3 several several JJ 23626 333 4 ways way NNS 23626 333 5 of of IN 23626 333 6 arriving arrive VBG 23626 333 7 at at IN 23626 333 8 this this DT 23626 333 9 , , , 23626 333 10 such such JJ 23626 333 11 as as IN 23626 333 12 by by IN 23626 333 13 weighing weigh VBG 23626 333 14 in in IN 23626 333 15 balances balance NNS 23626 333 16 in in IN 23626 333 17 the the DT 23626 333 18 usual usual JJ 23626 333 19 manner manner NN 23626 333 20 , , , 23626 333 21 by by IN 23626 333 22 displacement displacement NN 23626 333 23 , , , 23626 333 24 and and CC 23626 333 25 by by IN 23626 333 26 immersion immersion NN 23626 333 27 in in IN 23626 333 28 liquids liquid NNS 23626 333 29 the the DT 23626 333 30 specific specific JJ 23626 333 31 gravity gravity NN 23626 333 32 of of IN 23626 333 33 which which WDT 23626 333 34 are be VBP 23626 333 35 known know VBN 23626 333 36 . . . 23626 334 1 Cork cork NN 23626 334 2 is be VBZ 23626 334 3 of of IN 23626 334 4 less less RBR 23626 334 5 specific specific JJ 23626 334 6 gravity gravity NN 23626 334 7 than than IN 23626 334 8 water water NN 23626 334 9 , , , 23626 334 10 therefore therefore RB 23626 334 11 it -PRON- PRP 23626 334 12 floats float VBZ 23626 334 13 on on IN 23626 334 14 the the DT 23626 334 15 surface surface NN 23626 334 16 of of IN 23626 334 17 that that DT 23626 334 18 liquid liquid NN 23626 334 19 , , , 23626 334 20 whereas whereas IN 23626 334 21 iron iron NN 23626 334 22 , , , 23626 334 23 being be VBG 23626 334 24 heavier heavy JJR 23626 334 25 , , , 23626 334 26 sinks sink NNS 23626 334 27 . . . 23626 335 1 So so IN 23626 335 2 that that IN 23626 335 3 by by IN 23626 335 4 changing change VBG 23626 335 5 the the DT 23626 335 6 liquid liquid NN 23626 335 7 to to IN 23626 335 8 one one CD 23626 335 9 lighter light JJR 23626 335 10 than than IN 23626 335 11 cork cork NN 23626 335 12 , , , 23626 335 13 the the DT 23626 335 14 cork cork NN 23626 335 15 will will MD 23626 335 16 sink sink VB 23626 335 17 in in IN 23626 335 18 it -PRON- PRP 23626 335 19 as as IN 23626 335 20 does do VBZ 23626 335 21 iron iron VB 23626 335 22 in in IN 23626 335 23 water water NN 23626 335 24 ; ; : 23626 335 25 in in IN 23626 335 26 the the DT 23626 335 27 second second JJ 23626 335 28 instance instance NN 23626 335 29 , , , 23626 335 30 if if IN 23626 335 31 we -PRON- PRP 23626 335 32 change change VBP 23626 335 33 the the DT 23626 335 34 liquid liquid NN 23626 335 35 to to IN 23626 335 36 one one CD 23626 335 37 heavier heavy JJR 23626 335 38 than than IN 23626 335 39 iron iron NN 23626 335 40 , , , 23626 335 41 the the DT 23626 335 42 iron iron NN 23626 335 43 will will MD 23626 335 44 float float VB 23626 335 45 on on IN 23626 335 46 it -PRON- PRP 23626 335 47 as as IN 23626 335 48 does do VBZ 23626 335 49 cork cork NN 23626 335 50 on on IN 23626 335 51 water water NN 23626 335 52 , , , 23626 335 53 and and CC 23626 335 54 exactly exactly RB 23626 335 55 as as IN 23626 335 56 an an DT 23626 335 57 ordinary ordinary JJ 23626 335 58 flat flat JJ 23626 335 59 - - HYPH 23626 335 60 iron iron NN 23626 335 61 will will MD 23626 335 62 float float VB 23626 335 63 on on IN 23626 335 64 quicksilver quicksilver NNP 23626 335 65 , , , 23626 335 66 bobbing bob VBG 23626 335 67 up up RP 23626 335 68 and and CC 23626 335 69 down down IN 23626 335 70 like like IN 23626 335 71 a a DT 23626 335 72 cork cork NN 23626 335 73 in in IN 23626 335 74 a a DT 23626 335 75 tumbler tumbler NN 23626 335 76 of of IN 23626 335 77 water water NN 23626 335 78 . . . 23626 336 1 If if IN 23626 336 2 , , , 23626 336 3 therefore therefore RB 23626 336 4 , , , 23626 336 5 solutions solution NNS 23626 336 6 of of IN 23626 336 7 known known JJ 23626 336 8 but but CC 23626 336 9 varying vary VBG 23626 336 10 densities density NNS 23626 336 11 are be VBP 23626 336 12 compounded compound VBN 23626 336 13 , , , 23626 336 14 it -PRON- PRP 23626 336 15 is be VBZ 23626 336 16 possible possible JJ 23626 336 17 to to TO 23626 336 18 tell tell VB 23626 336 19 almost almost RB 23626 336 20 to to TO 23626 336 21 exactitude exactitude VB 23626 336 22 the the DT 23626 336 23 specific specific JJ 23626 336 24 gravity gravity NN 23626 336 25 of of IN 23626 336 26 any any DT 23626 336 27 stone stone NN 23626 336 28 dropped drop VBD 23626 336 29 into into IN 23626 336 30 them -PRON- PRP 23626 336 31 , , , 23626 336 32 by by IN 23626 336 33 the the DT 23626 336 34 position position NN 23626 336 35 they -PRON- PRP 23626 336 36 assume assume VBP 23626 336 37 . . . 23626 337 1 Thus thus RB 23626 337 2 , , , 23626 337 3 if if IN 23626 337 4 we -PRON- PRP 23626 337 5 take take VBP 23626 337 6 a a DT 23626 337 7 solution solution NN 23626 337 8 of of IN 23626 337 9 pure pure JJ 23626 337 10 methylene methylene JJ 23626 337 11 iodide iodide NN 23626 337 12 , , , 23626 337 13 which which WDT 23626 337 14 has have VBZ 23626 337 15 a a DT 23626 337 16 specific specific JJ 23626 337 17 gravity gravity NN 23626 337 18 of of IN 23626 337 19 3.2981 3.2981 CD 23626 337 20 , , , 23626 337 21 and and CC 23626 337 22 into into IN 23626 337 23 this this DT 23626 337 24 drop drop NN 23626 337 25 a a DT 23626 337 26 few few JJ 23626 337 27 stones stone NNS 23626 337 28 selected select VBN 23626 337 29 indiscriminately indiscriminately RB 23626 337 30 , , , 23626 337 31 the the DT 23626 337 32 effect effect NN 23626 337 33 will will MD 23626 337 34 be be VB 23626 337 35 curious curious JJ 23626 337 36 : : : 23626 337 37 first first LS 23626 337 38 , , , 23626 337 39 some some DT 23626 337 40 will will MD 23626 337 41 sink sink VB 23626 337 42 plump plump RB 23626 337 43 to to IN 23626 337 44 the the DT 23626 337 45 bottom bottom NN 23626 337 46 like like IN 23626 337 47 lead lead NN 23626 337 48 ; ; : 23626 337 49 second second LS 23626 337 50 , , , 23626 337 51 some some DT 23626 337 52 will will MD 23626 337 53 fall fall VB 23626 337 54 so so RB 23626 337 55 far far RB 23626 337 56 quickly quickly RB 23626 337 57 , , , 23626 337 58 then then RB 23626 337 59 remain remain VB 23626 337 60 for for IN 23626 337 61 a a DT 23626 337 62 considerable considerable JJ 23626 337 63 time time NN 23626 337 64 fairly fairly RB 23626 337 65 stationary stationary JJ 23626 337 66 ; ; : 23626 337 67 third third RB 23626 337 68 , , , 23626 337 69 some some DT 23626 337 70 will will MD 23626 337 71 sink sink VB 23626 337 72 very very RB 23626 337 73 slowly slowly RB 23626 337 74 ; ; : 23626 337 75 fourth fourth JJ 23626 337 76 , , , 23626 337 77 some some DT 23626 337 78 will will MD 23626 337 79 be be VB 23626 337 80 partially partially RB 23626 337 81 immersed immerse VBN 23626 337 82 , , , 23626 337 83 that that RB 23626 337 84 is is RB 23626 337 85 , , , 23626 337 86 a a DT 23626 337 87 portion portion NN 23626 337 88 of of IN 23626 337 89 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 337 90 substance substance NN 23626 337 91 being be VBG 23626 337 92 above above IN 23626 337 93 the the DT 23626 337 94 surface surface NN 23626 337 95 of of IN 23626 337 96 the the DT 23626 337 97 liquid liquid NN 23626 337 98 and and CC 23626 337 99 a a DT 23626 337 100 portion portion NN 23626 337 101 covered cover VBN 23626 337 102 by by IN 23626 337 103 it -PRON- PRP 23626 337 104 ; ; : 23626 337 105 fifth fifth JJ 23626 337 106 , , , 23626 337 107 some some DT 23626 337 108 will will MD 23626 337 109 float float VB 23626 337 110 on on IN 23626 337 111 the the DT 23626 337 112 surface surface NN 23626 337 113 without without IN 23626 337 114 any any DT 23626 337 115 apparent apparent JJ 23626 337 116 immersion immersion NN 23626 337 117 . . . 23626 338 1 In in IN 23626 338 2 the the DT 23626 338 3 first first JJ 23626 338 4 case case NN 23626 338 5 , , , 23626 338 6 the the DT 23626 338 7 stones stone NNS 23626 338 8 will will MD 23626 338 9 be be VB 23626 338 10 much much RB 23626 338 11 heavier heavy JJR 23626 338 12 than than IN 23626 338 13 3.2981 3.2981 CD 23626 338 14 ; ; : 23626 338 15 in in IN 23626 338 16 the the DT 23626 338 17 second second JJ 23626 338 18 , , , 23626 338 19 the the DT 23626 338 20 stones stone NNS 23626 338 21 will will MD 23626 338 22 be be VB 23626 338 23 about about RB 23626 338 24 3.50 3.50 CD 23626 338 25 ; ; : 23626 338 26 in in IN 23626 338 27 the the DT 23626 338 28 third third JJ 23626 338 29 and and CC 23626 338 30 fourth fourth JJ 23626 338 31 instances instance NNS 23626 338 32 , , , 23626 338 33 the the DT 23626 338 34 stones stone NNS 23626 338 35 will will MD 23626 338 36 be be VB 23626 338 37 about about IN 23626 338 38 the the DT 23626 338 39 same same JJ 23626 338 40 specific specific JJ 23626 338 41 gravity gravity NN 23626 338 42 as as IN 23626 338 43 the the DT 23626 338 44 liquid liquid NN 23626 338 45 , , , 23626 338 46 whilst whilst IN 23626 338 47 in in IN 23626 338 48 the the DT 23626 338 49 fifth fifth JJ 23626 338 50 , , , 23626 338 51 they -PRON- PRP 23626 338 52 will will MD 23626 338 53 be be VB 23626 338 54 much much RB 23626 338 55 lighter light JJR 23626 338 56 , , , 23626 338 57 and and CC 23626 338 58 thus thus RB 23626 338 59 a a DT 23626 338 60 rough rough JJ 23626 338 61 but but CC 23626 338 62 tolerably tolerably RB 23626 338 63 accurate accurate JJ 23626 338 64 isolation isolation NN 23626 338 65 may may MD 23626 338 66 be be VB 23626 338 67 made make VBN 23626 338 68 . . . 23626 339 1 On on IN 23626 339 2 certain certain JJ 23626 339 3 stones stone NNS 23626 339 4 being be VBG 23626 339 5 extracted extract VBN 23626 339 6 and and CC 23626 339 7 placed place VBN 23626 339 8 in in IN 23626 339 9 other other JJ 23626 339 10 liquids liquid NNS 23626 339 11 of of IN 23626 339 12 lighter light JJR 23626 339 13 or or CC 23626 339 14 denser denser VB 23626 339 15 specific specific JJ 23626 339 16 gravity gravity NN 23626 339 17 , , , 23626 339 18 as as IN 23626 339 19 the the DT 23626 339 20 case case NN 23626 339 21 may may MD 23626 339 22 be be VB 23626 339 23 , , , 23626 339 24 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 339 25 proper proper JJ 23626 339 26 classification classification NN 23626 339 27 may may MD 23626 339 28 easily easily RB 23626 339 29 be be VB 23626 339 30 arrived arrive VBN 23626 339 31 at at IN 23626 339 32 , , , 23626 339 33 and and CC 23626 339 34 if if IN 23626 339 35 the the DT 23626 339 36 results result NNS 23626 339 37 are be VBP 23626 339 38 checked check VBN 23626 339 39 by by IN 23626 339 40 actual actual JJ 23626 339 41 weight weight NN 23626 339 42 , , , 23626 339 43 in in IN 23626 339 44 a a DT 23626 339 45 specific specific JJ 23626 339 46 gravity gravity NN 23626 339 47 balance balance NN 23626 339 48 , , , 23626 339 49 they -PRON- PRP 23626 339 50 will will MD 23626 339 51 be be VB 23626 339 52 found find VBN 23626 339 53 to to TO 23626 339 54 be be VB 23626 339 55 fairly fairly RB 23626 339 56 accurate accurate JJ 23626 339 57 . . . 23626 340 1 The the DT 23626 340 2 solution solution NN 23626 340 3 commonly commonly RB 23626 340 4 used use VBN 23626 340 5 for for IN 23626 340 6 the the DT 23626 340 7 heaviest heavy JJS 23626 340 8 stones stone NNS 23626 340 9 is be VBZ 23626 340 10 a a DT 23626 340 11 mixture mixture NN 23626 340 12 of of IN 23626 340 13 nitrate nitrate JJ 23626 340 14 of of IN 23626 340 15 thallium thallium NN 23626 340 16 and and CC 23626 340 17 nitrate nitrate JJ 23626 340 18 of of IN 23626 340 19 silver silver NN 23626 340 20 . . . 23626 341 1 This this DT 23626 341 2 double double JJ 23626 341 3 nitrate nitrate NN 23626 341 4 has have VBZ 23626 341 5 a a DT 23626 341 6 specific specific JJ 23626 341 7 gravity gravity NN 23626 341 8 of of IN 23626 341 9 4.7963 4.7963 CD 23626 341 10 , , , 23626 341 11 therefore therefore RB 23626 341 12 such such PDT 23626 341 13 a a DT 23626 341 14 stone stone NN 23626 341 15 as as IN 23626 341 16 zircon zircon NNP 23626 341 17 , , , 23626 341 18 which which WDT 23626 341 19 is be VBZ 23626 341 20 the the DT 23626 341 21 heaviest heaviest RBS 23626 341 22 known know VBN 23626 341 23 , , , 23626 341 24 will will MD 23626 341 25 float float VB 23626 341 26 in in IN 23626 341 27 it -PRON- PRP 23626 341 28 . . . 23626 342 1 For for IN 23626 342 2 use use NN 23626 342 3 , , , 23626 342 4 the the DT 23626 342 5 mixture mixture NN 23626 342 6 should should MD 23626 342 7 be be VB 23626 342 8 slightly slightly RB 23626 342 9 warmed warm VBN 23626 342 10 till till IN 23626 342 11 it -PRON- PRP 23626 342 12 runs run VBZ 23626 342 13 thin thin JJ 23626 342 14 and and CC 23626 342 15 clear clear JJ 23626 342 16 ; ; : 23626 342 17 this this DT 23626 342 18 is be VBZ 23626 342 19 necessary necessary JJ 23626 342 20 , , , 23626 342 21 because because IN 23626 342 22 at at IN 23626 342 23 60 60 CD 23626 342 24 ° ° NNS 23626 342 25 ( ( -LRB- 23626 342 26 taking take VBG 23626 342 27 this this DT 23626 342 28 as as IN 23626 342 29 ordinary ordinary JJ 23626 342 30 atmospheric atmospheric JJ 23626 342 31 temperature temperature NN 23626 342 32 ) ) -RRB- 23626 342 33 it -PRON- PRP 23626 342 34 is be VBZ 23626 342 35 a a DT 23626 342 36 stiff stiff JJ 23626 342 37 mass mass NN 23626 342 38 . . . 23626 343 1 A a DT 23626 343 2 lighter light JJR 23626 343 3 liquid liquid NN 23626 343 4 is be VBZ 23626 343 5 a a DT 23626 343 6 mixture mixture NN 23626 343 7 of of IN 23626 343 8 iodide iodide NN 23626 343 9 of of IN 23626 343 10 mercury mercury NN 23626 343 11 in in IN 23626 343 12 iodide iodide NN 23626 343 13 of of IN 23626 343 14 potassium potassium NN 23626 343 15 , , , 23626 343 16 but but CC 23626 343 17 this this DT 23626 343 18 is be VBZ 23626 343 19 such such PDT 23626 343 20 an an DT 23626 343 21 extremely extremely RB 23626 343 22 corrosive corrosive JJ 23626 343 23 and and CC 23626 343 24 dangerous dangerous JJ 23626 343 25 mixture mixture NN 23626 343 26 , , , 23626 343 27 that that IN 23626 343 28 the the DT 23626 343 29 more more RBR 23626 343 30 common common JJ 23626 343 31 solution solution NN 23626 343 32 is be VBZ 23626 343 33 one one CD 23626 343 34 in in IN 23626 343 35 which which WDT 23626 343 36 methylene methylene NN 23626 343 37 iodide iodide NN 23626 343 38 is be VBZ 23626 343 39 saturated saturate VBN 23626 343 40 with with IN 23626 343 41 a a DT 23626 343 42 mixture mixture NN 23626 343 43 of of IN 23626 343 44 iodoform iodoform NN 23626 343 45 until until IN 23626 343 46 it -PRON- PRP 23626 343 47 shows show VBZ 23626 343 48 a a DT 23626 343 49 specific specific JJ 23626 343 50 gravity gravity NN 23626 343 51 of of IN 23626 343 52 3.601 3.601 CD 23626 343 53 ; ; : 23626 343 54 and and CC 23626 343 55 by by IN 23626 343 56 using use VBG 23626 343 57 the the DT 23626 343 58 methylene methylene JJ 23626 343 59 iodide iodide NN 23626 343 60 alone alone RB 23626 343 61 , , , 23626 343 62 in in IN 23626 343 63 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 343 64 pure pure JJ 23626 343 65 state state NN 23626 343 66 , , , 23626 343 67 it -PRON- PRP 23626 343 68 having have VBG 23626 343 69 a a DT 23626 343 70 specific specific JJ 23626 343 71 gravity gravity NN 23626 343 72 of of IN 23626 343 73 3.2981 3.2981 CD 23626 343 74 , , , 23626 343 75 the the DT 23626 343 76 stones stone NNS 23626 343 77 to to IN 23626 343 78 that that DT 23626 343 79 weight weight NN 23626 343 80 can can MD 23626 343 81 be be VB 23626 343 82 isolated isolate VBN 23626 343 83 , , , 23626 343 84 and and CC 23626 343 85 by by IN 23626 343 86 diluting dilute VBG 23626 343 87 this this DT 23626 343 88 with with IN 23626 343 89 benzole benzole NN 23626 343 90 , , , 23626 343 91 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 343 92 weight weight NN 23626 343 93 can can MD 23626 343 94 be be VB 23626 343 95 brought bring VBN 23626 343 96 down down RP 23626 343 97 to to IN 23626 343 98 that that DT 23626 343 99 of of IN 23626 343 100 the the DT 23626 343 101 benzole benzole NN 23626 343 102 itself -PRON- PRP 23626 343 103 , , , 23626 343 104 as as IN 23626 343 105 in in IN 23626 343 106 the the DT 23626 343 107 case case NN 23626 343 108 of of IN 23626 343 109 Sonstadt Sonstadt NNP 23626 343 110 's 's POS 23626 343 111 solution solution NN 23626 343 112 . . . 23626 344 1 This this DT 23626 344 2 solution solution NN 23626 344 3 , , , 23626 344 4 in in IN 23626 344 5 full full JJ 23626 344 6 standard standard JJ 23626 344 7 strength strength NN 23626 344 8 , , , 23626 344 9 has have VBZ 23626 344 10 a a DT 23626 344 11 specific specific JJ 23626 344 12 gravity gravity NN 23626 344 13 of of IN 23626 344 14 3.1789 3.1789 CD 23626 344 15 , , , 23626 344 16 but but CC 23626 344 17 may may MD 23626 344 18 be be VB 23626 344 19 weakened weaken VBN 23626 344 20 by by IN 23626 344 21 the the DT 23626 344 22 addition addition NN 23626 344 23 of of IN 23626 344 24 distilled distilled JJ 23626 344 25 water water NN 23626 344 26 in in IN 23626 344 27 varying vary VBG 23626 344 28 proportions proportion NNS 23626 344 29 till till IN 23626 344 30 the the DT 23626 344 31 weight weight NN 23626 344 32 becomes become VBZ 23626 344 33 almost almost RB 23626 344 34 that that DT 23626 344 35 of of IN 23626 344 36 water water NN 23626 344 37 . . . 23626 345 1 Knowing know VBG 23626 345 2 the the DT 23626 345 3 specific specific JJ 23626 345 4 gravity gravity NN 23626 345 5 of of IN 23626 345 6 all all DT 23626 345 7 stones stone NNS 23626 345 8 , , , 23626 345 9 and and CC 23626 345 10 dividing divide VBG 23626 345 11 them -PRON- PRP 23626 345 12 into into IN 23626 345 13 six six CD 23626 345 14 groups group NNS 23626 345 15 , , , 23626 345 16 by by IN 23626 345 17 taking take VBG 23626 345 18 a a DT 23626 345 19 series series NN 23626 345 20 of of IN 23626 345 21 standard standard JJ 23626 345 22 solutions solution NNS 23626 345 23 selected select VBN 23626 345 24 from from IN 23626 345 25 one one CD 23626 345 26 or or CC 23626 345 27 other other JJ 23626 345 28 of of IN 23626 345 29 the the DT 23626 345 30 above above JJ 23626 345 31 , , , 23626 345 32 and and CC 23626 345 33 of of IN 23626 345 34 known know VBN 23626 345 35 specific specific JJ 23626 345 36 gravity gravity NN 23626 345 37 , , , 23626 345 38 we -PRON- PRP 23626 345 39 can can MD 23626 345 40 judge judge VB 23626 345 41 with with IN 23626 345 42 accuracy accuracy NN 23626 345 43 if if IN 23626 345 44 any any DT 23626 345 45 stone stone NN 23626 345 46 is be VBZ 23626 345 47 what what WP 23626 345 48 it -PRON- PRP 23626 345 49 is be VBZ 23626 345 50 supposed suppose VBN 23626 345 51 to to TO 23626 345 52 be be VB 23626 345 53 , , , 23626 345 54 and and CC 23626 345 55 classify classify VB 23626 345 56 it -PRON- PRP 23626 345 57 correctly correctly RB 23626 345 58 by by IN 23626 345 59 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 345 60 mere mere JJ 23626 345 61 floating floating NN 23626 345 62 or or CC 23626 345 63 sinking sink VBG 23626 345 64 when when WRB 23626 345 65 placed place VBN 23626 345 66 in in IN 23626 345 67 these these DT 23626 345 68 liquids liquid NNS 23626 345 69 . . . 23626 346 1 Beginning begin VBG 23626 346 2 then then RB 23626 346 3 with with IN 23626 346 4 the the DT 23626 346 5 pure pure JJ 23626 346 6 double double JJ 23626 346 7 nitrate nitrate NN 23626 346 8 of of IN 23626 346 9 silver silver NN 23626 346 10 and and CC 23626 346 11 thallium thallium NN 23626 346 12 , , , 23626 346 13 this this DT 23626 346 14 will will MD 23626 346 15 isolate isolate VB 23626 346 16 the the DT 23626 346 17 stones stone NNS 23626 346 18 of of IN 23626 346 19 less less RBR 23626 346 20 specific specific JJ 23626 346 21 gravity gravity NN 23626 346 22 than than IN 23626 346 23 4.7963 4.7963 CD 23626 346 24 , , , 23626 346 25 and and CC 23626 346 26 taking take VBG 23626 346 27 the the DT 23626 346 28 lighter light JJR 23626 346 29 solutions solution NNS 23626 346 30 and and CC 23626 346 31 standardising standardise VBG 23626 346 32 them -PRON- PRP 23626 346 33 , , , 23626 346 34 we -PRON- PRP 23626 346 35 may may MD 23626 346 36 get get VB 23626 346 37 seven seven CD 23626 346 38 solutions solution NNS 23626 346 39 which which WDT 23626 346 40 will will MD 23626 346 41 isolate isolate VB 23626 346 42 the the DT 23626 346 43 stones stone NNS 23626 346 44 as as IN 23626 346 45 follows:-- follows:-- `` 23626 346 46 A a DT 23626 346 47 { { -LRB- 23626 346 48 shows show VBZ 23626 346 49 the the DT 23626 346 50 stones stone NNS 23626 346 51 which which WDT 23626 346 52 have have VBP 23626 346 53 } } -RRB- 23626 346 54 4.7963 4.7963 CD 23626 346 55 { { -LRB- 23626 346 56 a a DT 23626 346 57 specific specific JJ 23626 346 58 gravity gravity NN 23626 346 59 over over IN 23626 346 60 } } -RRB- 23626 346 61 B b NN 23626 346 62 " " '' 23626 346 63 " " '' 23626 346 64 " " '' 23626 346 65 3.70 3.70 CD 23626 346 66 and and CC 23626 346 67 under under IN 23626 346 68 4.7963 4.7963 CD 23626 346 69 C C NNP 23626 346 70 " " '' 23626 346 71 " " '' 23626 346 72 " " `` 23626 346 73 3.50 3.50 CD 23626 346 74 " " '' 23626 346 75 3.70 3.70 CD 23626 346 76 D d NN 23626 346 77 " " '' 23626 346 78 " " '' 23626 346 79 " " `` 23626 346 80 3.00 3.00 CD 23626 346 81 " " '' 23626 346 82 3.50 3.50 CD 23626 346 83 E e NN 23626 346 84 " " '' 23626 346 85 " " '' 23626 346 86 " " `` 23626 346 87 2.50 2.50 CD 23626 346 88 " " CD 23626 346 89 3.00 3.00 CD 23626 346 90 F F NNP 23626 346 91 " " '' 23626 346 92 " " '' 23626 346 93 " " `` 23626 346 94 2.00 2.00 CD 23626 346 95 " " CD 23626 346 96 2.50 2.50 CD 23626 346 97 G g NN 23626 346 98 " " '' 23626 346 99 " " '' 23626 346 100 -- -- : 23626 346 101 -- -- : 23626 346 102 under under IN 23626 346 103 2.00 2.00 CD 23626 346 104 Therefore therefore RB 23626 346 105 each each DT 23626 346 106 liquid liquid NN 23626 346 107 will will MD 23626 346 108 isolate isolate VB 23626 346 109 the the DT 23626 346 110 stones stone NNS 23626 346 111 in in IN 23626 346 112 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 346 113 own own JJ 23626 346 114 group group NN 23626 346 115 by by IN 23626 346 116 compelling compel VBG 23626 346 117 them -PRON- PRP 23626 346 118 to to TO 23626 346 119 float float VB 23626 346 120 on on IN 23626 346 121 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 346 122 surface surface NN 23626 346 123 ; ; : 23626 346 124 commencing commence VBG 23626 346 125 with with IN 23626 346 126 the the DT 23626 346 127 heaviest heavy JJS 23626 346 128 and and CC 23626 346 129 giving give VBG 23626 346 130 to to IN 23626 346 131 the the DT 23626 346 132 groups group NNS 23626 346 133 the the DT 23626 346 134 same same JJ 23626 346 135 letters letter NNS 23626 346 136 as as IN 23626 346 137 the the DT 23626 346 138 liquids liquid NNS 23626 346 139 , , , 23626 346 140 it -PRON- PRP 23626 346 141 is be VBZ 23626 346 142 seen see VBN 23626 346 143 that-- that-- NNP 23626 346 144 _ _ NNP 23626 346 145 Group Group NNP 23626 346 146 _ _ NNP 23626 346 147 A.--Isolates a.--isolates CD 23626 346 148 gems gem NNS 23626 346 149 with with IN 23626 346 150 a a DT 23626 346 151 specific specific JJ 23626 346 152 gravity gravity NN 23626 346 153 of of IN 23626 346 154 4.7963 4.7963 CD 23626 346 155 and and CC 23626 346 156 over over IN 23626 346 157 4.70 4.70 CD 23626 346 158 ; ; : 23626 346 159 in in IN 23626 346 160 this this DT 23626 346 161 group group NN 23626 346 162 is be VBZ 23626 346 163 placed place VBN 23626 346 164 zircon zircon NNP 23626 346 165 , , , 23626 346 166 with with IN 23626 346 167 a a DT 23626 346 168 specific specific JJ 23626 346 169 gravity gravity NN 23626 346 170 of of IN 23626 346 171 from from IN 23626 346 172 4.70 4.70 CD 23626 346 173 to to IN 23626 346 174 4.88 4.88 CD 23626 346 175 . . . 23626 347 1 _ _ NNP 23626 347 2 Group Group NNP 23626 347 3 _ _ NNP 23626 347 4 B.--Stones b.--stone VBZ 23626 347 5 whose whose WP$ 23626 347 6 specific specific JJ 23626 347 7 gravity gravity NN 23626 347 8 lies lie VBZ 23626 347 9 between between IN 23626 347 10 3.70 3.70 CD 23626 347 11 and and CC 23626 347 12 under under IN 23626 347 13 4.7963 4.7963 CD 23626 347 14 . . . 23626 348 1 Garnets garnet NNS 23626 348 2 , , , 23626 348 3 many many JJ 23626 348 4 varieties variety NNS 23626 348 5 . . . 23626 349 1 See see VB 23626 349 2 Group Group NNP 23626 349 3 D D NNP 23626 349 4 below below RB 23626 349 5 . . . 23626 350 1 Almandine almandine NN 23626 350 2 4.11 4.11 CD 23626 350 3 and and CC 23626 350 4 occasionally occasionally RB 23626 350 5 to to IN 23626 350 6 4.25 4.25 CD 23626 350 7 Ruby Ruby NNP 23626 350 8 4.073 4.073 CD 23626 350 9 " " `` 23626 350 10 4.080 4.080 CD 23626 350 11 Sapphire Sapphire NNP 23626 350 12 4.049 4.049 CD 23626 350 13 " " `` 23626 350 14 4.060 4.060 CD 23626 350 15 Corundum corundum NN 23626 350 16 3.90 3.90 CD 23626 350 17 " " CD 23626 350 18 4.16 4.16 CD 23626 350 19 Cape Cape NNP 23626 350 20 Ruby Ruby NNP 23626 350 21 3.861 3.861 CD 23626 350 22 Demantoid Demantoid NNP 23626 350 23 3.815 3.815 CD 23626 350 24 Staurolite Staurolite NNP 23626 350 25 3.735 3.735 CD 23626 350 26 Malachite Malachite NNP 23626 350 27 3.710 3.710 CD 23626 350 28 and and CC 23626 350 29 occasionally occasionally RB 23626 350 30 to to IN 23626 350 31 3.996 3.996 CD 23626 350 32 _ _ NNP 23626 350 33 Group Group NNP 23626 350 34 _ _ NNP 23626 350 35 C.--Stones c.--stone VBZ 23626 350 36 whose whose WP$ 23626 350 37 specific specific JJ 23626 350 38 gravity gravity NN 23626 350 39 lies lie VBZ 23626 350 40 between between IN 23626 350 41 3.50 3.50 CD 23626 350 42 and and CC 23626 350 43 under under IN 23626 350 44 3.70 3.70 CD 23626 350 45 . . . 23626 351 1 Pyrope Pyrope NNP 23626 351 2 ( ( -LRB- 23626 351 3 average average JJ 23626 351 4 ) ) -RRB- 23626 351 5 3.682 3.682 CD 23626 351 6 Chrysoberyl Chrysoberyl NNP 23626 351 7 3.689 3.689 CD 23626 351 8 and and CC 23626 351 9 occasionally occasionally RB 23626 351 10 to to IN 23626 351 11 3.752 3.752 CD 23626 351 12 Spinel Spinel NNP 23626 351 13 3.614 3.614 CD 23626 351 14 " " `` 23626 351 15 3.654 3.654 CD 23626 351 16 Kyanite Kyanite NNP 23626 351 17 3.609 3.609 CD 23626 351 18 " " CD 23626 351 19 3.688 3.688 CD 23626 351 20 Hessonite Hessonite NNP 23626 351 21 3.603 3.603 CD 23626 351 22 " " `` 23626 351 23 3.651 3.651 CD 23626 351 24 Diamond Diamond NNP 23626 351 25 3.502 3.502 CD 23626 351 26 " " CD 23626 351 27 3.564 3.564 CD 23626 351 28 Topaz topaz NN 23626 351 29 3.500 3.500 CD 23626 351 30 " " '' 23626 351 31 3.520 3.520 CD 23626 351 32 _ _ NNP 23626 351 33 Group Group NNP 23626 351 34 _ _ NNP 23626 351 35 D.--Stones d.--stone NNS 23626 351 36 whose whose WP$ 23626 351 37 specific specific JJ 23626 351 38 gravity gravity NN 23626 351 39 lies lie VBZ 23626 351 40 between between IN 23626 351 41 3 3 CD 23626 351 42 and and CC 23626 351 43 under under IN 23626 351 44 3.50 3.50 CD 23626 351 45 . . . 23626 352 1 Rhodonite Rhodonite NNP 23626 352 2 3.413 3.413 CD 23626 352 3 and and CC 23626 352 4 occasionally occasionally RB 23626 352 5 to to IN 23626 352 6 3.617 3.617 CD 23626 352 7 Garnets garnet NNS 23626 352 8 3.400 3.400 CD 23626 352 9 " " CD 23626 352 10 4.500 4.500 CD 23626 352 11 Epidote Epidote NNP 23626 352 12 3.360 3.360 CD 23626 352 13 " " `` 23626 352 14 3.480 3.480 CD 23626 352 15 Sphene Sphene NNP 23626 352 16 3.348 3.348 CD 23626 352 17 and and CC 23626 352 18 occasionally occasionally RB 23626 352 19 to to IN 23626 352 20 3.420 3.420 CD 23626 352 21 Idocrase Idocrase NNP 23626 352 22 3.346 3.346 CD 23626 352 23 " " `` 23626 352 24 3.410 3.410 CD 23626 352 25 Olivine Olivine NNP 23626 352 26 3.334 3.334 CD 23626 352 27 " " CD 23626 352 28 3.368 3.368 CD 23626 352 29 Chrysolite Chrysolite NNP 23626 352 30 3.316 3.316 CD 23626 352 31 " " CD 23626 352 32 3.528 3.528 CD 23626 352 33 Jade Jade NNP 23626 352 34 3.300 3.300 CD 23626 352 35 " " `` 23626 352 36 3.381 3.381 CD 23626 352 37 Jadeite Jadeite NNP 23626 352 38 3.299 3.299 CD 23626 352 39 Axinite axinite JJ 23626 352 40 3.295 3.295 CD 23626 352 41 Dioptase Dioptase NNP 23626 352 42 3.289 3.289 CD 23626 352 43 Diopside Diopside NNP 23626 352 44 2.279 2.279 CD 23626 352 45 Tourmaline tourmaline NN 23626 352 46 ( ( -LRB- 23626 352 47 yellow yellow NN 23626 352 48 ) ) -RRB- 23626 352 49 3.210 3.210 CD 23626 352 50 Andalusite Andalusite NNP 23626 352 51 3.204 3.204 CD 23626 352 52 Apatite apatite NN 23626 352 53 3.190 3.190 CD 23626 352 54 Tourmaline Tourmaline NNP 23626 352 55 ( ( -LRB- 23626 352 56 Blue Blue NNP 23626 352 57 and and CC 23626 352 58 Violet Violet NNP 23626 352 59 ) ) -RRB- 23626 352 60 3.160 3.160 CD 23626 352 61 Tourmaline Tourmaline NNP 23626 352 62 ( ( -LRB- 23626 352 63 Green Green NNP 23626 352 64 ) ) -RRB- 23626 352 65 3.148 3.148 CD 23626 352 66 " " '' 23626 352 67 ( ( -LRB- 23626 352 68 Red Red NNP 23626 352 69 ) ) -RRB- 23626 352 70 3.100 3.100 CD 23626 352 71 Spodumene Spodumene NNP 23626 352 72 3.130 3.130 CD 23626 352 73 and and CC 23626 352 74 occasionally occasionally RB 23626 352 75 to to IN 23626 352 76 3.200 3.200 CD 23626 352 77 Euclase Euclase NNP 23626 352 78 3.090 3.090 CD 23626 352 79 Fluorspar Fluorspar NNP 23626 352 80 3.031 3.031 CD 23626 352 81 and and CC 23626 352 82 occasionally occasionally RB 23626 352 83 to to IN 23626 352 84 3.200 3.200 CD 23626 352 85 Tourmaline Tourmaline NNP 23626 352 86 ( ( -LRB- 23626 352 87 Colourless Colourless NNP 23626 352 88 ) ) -RRB- 23626 352 89 3.029 3.029 CD 23626 352 90 Tourmaline Tourmaline NNP 23626 352 91 ( ( -LRB- 23626 352 92 Blush Blush NNP 23626 352 93 Rose Rose NNP 23626 352 94 ) ) -RRB- 23626 352 95 3.024 3.024 CD 23626 352 96 Tourmaline Tourmaline NNP 23626 352 97 ( ( -LRB- 23626 352 98 Black Black NNP 23626 352 99 ) ) -RRB- 23626 352 100 3.024 3.024 CD 23626 352 101 and and CC 23626 352 102 occasionally occasionally RB 23626 352 103 to to IN 23626 352 104 3.300 3.300 CD 23626 352 105 Nephrite Nephrite NNP 23626 352 106 3.019 3.019 CD 23626 352 107 _ _ NNP 23626 352 108 Group Group NNP 23626 352 109 _ _ NNP 23626 352 110 E.--Stones e.--stone VBZ 23626 352 111 whose whose WP$ 23626 352 112 specific specific JJ 23626 352 113 gravity gravity NN 23626 352 114 lies lie VBZ 23626 352 115 between between IN 23626 352 116 2.50 2.50 CD 23626 352 117 and and CC 23626 352 118 under under IN 23626 352 119 3.000 3.000 CD 23626 352 120 . . . 23626 353 1 Phenakite Phenakite NNP 23626 353 2 2.965 2.965 CD 23626 353 3 Turquoise turquoise NN 23626 353 4 2.800 2.800 CD 23626 353 5 Beryl Beryl NNP 23626 353 6 2.709 2.709 CD 23626 353 7 and and CC 23626 353 8 occasionally occasionally RB 23626 353 9 to to IN 23626 353 10 2.81 2.81 CD 23626 353 11 Aquamarine Aquamarine NNP 23626 353 12 2.701 2.701 CD 23626 353 13 " " `` 23626 353 14 2.80 2.80 CD 23626 353 15 Labradorite Labradorite NNP 23626 353 16 2.700 2.700 CD 23626 353 17 Emerald Emerald NNP 23626 353 18 2.690 2.690 CD 23626 353 19 Quartz Quartz NNP 23626 353 20 2.670 2.670 CD 23626 353 21 Chrysoprase Chrysoprase NNP 23626 353 22 2.670 2.670 CD 23626 353 23 Jasper Jasper NNP 23626 353 24 2.668 2.668 CD 23626 353 25 Amethyst Amethyst NNP 23626 353 26 2.661 2.661 CD 23626 353 27 Hornstone Hornstone NNP 23626 353 28 2.658 2.658 CD 23626 353 29 Citrine Citrine NNP 23626 353 30 2.658 2.658 CD 23626 353 31 Cordierite Cordierite NNP 23626 353 32 2.641 2.641 CD 23626 353 33 Agate Agate NNP 23626 353 34 2.610 2.610 CD 23626 353 35 Chalcedony Chalcedony NNP 23626 353 36 2.598 2.598 CD 23626 353 37 and and CC 23626 353 38 occasionally occasionally RB 23626 353 39 to to IN 23626 353 40 2.610 2.610 CD 23626 353 41 Adularia Adularia NNP 23626 353 42 2.567 2.567 CD 23626 353 43 Rock Rock NNP 23626 353 44 - - HYPH 23626 353 45 crystal crystal NN 23626 353 46 2.521 2.521 CD 23626 353 47 and and CC 23626 353 48 occasionally occasionally RB 23626 353 49 to to IN 23626 353 50 2.795 2.795 CD 23626 353 51 _ _ NNP 23626 353 52 Group Group NNP 23626 353 53 _ _ NNP 23626 353 54 F.--Stones f.--stone VBZ 23626 353 55 whose whose WP$ 23626 353 56 specific specific JJ 23626 353 57 gravity gravity NN 23626 353 58 lies lie VBZ 23626 353 59 between between IN 23626 353 60 2.00 2.00 CD 23626 353 61 and and CC 23626 353 62 under under IN 23626 353 63 2.50 2.50 CD 23626 353 64 . . . 23626 354 1 Haüynite haüynite NN 23626 354 2 2.470 2.470 CD 23626 354 3 and and CC 23626 354 4 occasionally occasionally RB 23626 354 5 to to IN 23626 354 6 2.491 2.491 CD 23626 354 7 Lapis Lapis NNP 23626 354 8 lazuli lazuli NN 23626 354 9 2.461 2.461 CD 23626 354 10 Moldavite Moldavite NNP 23626 354 11 2.354 2.354 CD 23626 354 12 Opal Opal NNP 23626 354 13 2.160 2.160 CD 23626 354 14 and and CC 23626 354 15 according accord VBG 23626 354 16 to to IN 23626 354 17 variety variety NN 23626 354 18 to to IN 23626 354 19 2.283 2.283 CD 23626 354 20 " " '' 23626 354 21 ( ( -LRB- 23626 354 22 Fire Fire NNP 23626 354 23 Opal Opal NNP 23626 354 24 ) ) -RRB- 23626 354 25 2.210 2.210 CD 23626 354 26 ( ( -LRB- 23626 354 27 average average NN 23626 354 28 ) ) -RRB- 23626 354 29 _ _ NNP 23626 354 30 Group Group NNP 23626 354 31 _ _ NNP 23626 354 32 G.--Stones g.--stone VBZ 23626 354 33 whose whose WP$ 23626 354 34 specific specific JJ 23626 354 35 gravity gravity NN 23626 354 36 is be VBZ 23626 354 37 under under IN 23626 354 38 2.00 2.00 CD 23626 354 39 . . . 23626 355 1 Jet Jet NNP 23626 355 2 1.348 1.348 CD 23626 355 3 Amber amber NN 23626 355 4 1.000 1.000 CD 23626 355 5 ( ( -LRB- 23626 355 6 See see VB 23626 355 7 also also RB 23626 355 8 list list NN 23626 355 9 of of IN 23626 355 10 stones stone NNS 23626 355 11 , , , 23626 355 12 arranged arrange VBN 23626 355 13 in in IN 23626 355 14 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 355 15 respective respective JJ 23626 355 16 colours colour NNS 23626 355 17 , , , 23626 355 18 in in IN 23626 355 19 Chapter Chapter NNP 23626 355 20 XII XII NNP 23626 355 21 . . . 23626 355 22 ) ) -RRB- 23626 356 1 In in IN 23626 356 2 many many JJ 23626 356 3 of of IN 23626 356 4 these these DT 23626 356 5 cases case NNS 23626 356 6 the the DT 23626 356 7 specific specific JJ 23626 356 8 gravity gravity NN 23626 356 9 varies vary VBZ 23626 356 10 from from IN 23626 356 11 .11 .11 CD 23626 356 12 to to IN 23626 356 13 .20 .20 CD 23626 356 14 , , , 23626 356 15 but but CC 23626 356 16 the the DT 23626 356 17 above above JJ 23626 356 18 are be VBP 23626 356 19 the the DT 23626 356 20 average average JJ 23626 356 21 figures figure NNS 23626 356 22 obtained obtain VBN 23626 356 23 from from IN 23626 356 24 a a DT 23626 356 25 number number NN 23626 356 26 of of IN 23626 356 27 samples sample NNS 23626 356 28 specially specially RB 23626 356 29 and and CC 23626 356 30 separately separately RB 23626 356 31 weighed weigh VBD 23626 356 32 . . . 23626 357 1 In in IN 23626 357 2 some some DT 23626 357 3 instances instance NNS 23626 357 4 this this DT 23626 357 5 difference difference NN 23626 357 6 may may MD 23626 357 7 cause cause VB 23626 357 8 a a DT 23626 357 9 slight slight JJ 23626 357 10 overlapping overlapping NN 23626 357 11 of of IN 23626 357 12 the the DT 23626 357 13 groups group NNS 23626 357 14 , , , 23626 357 15 as as IN 23626 357 16 in in IN 23626 357 17 group group NN 23626 357 18 C C NNP 23626 357 19 , , , 23626 357 20 where where WRB 23626 357 21 the the DT 23626 357 22 chrysoberyl chrysoberyl NN 23626 357 23 may may MD 23626 357 24 weigh weigh VB 23626 357 25 from from IN 23626 357 26 3.689 3.689 CD 23626 357 27 to to IN 23626 357 28 3.752 3.752 CD 23626 357 29 , , , 23626 357 30 thus thus RB 23626 357 31 bringing bring VBG 23626 357 32 the the DT 23626 357 33 heavier heavy JJR 23626 357 34 varieties variety NNS 23626 357 35 of of IN 23626 357 36 the the DT 23626 357 37 stone stone NN 23626 357 38 into into IN 23626 357 39 group group NN 23626 357 40 B B NNP 23626 357 41 , , , 23626 357 42 but but CC 23626 357 43 in in IN 23626 357 44 all all DT 23626 357 45 cases case NNS 23626 357 46 where where WRB 23626 357 47 overlapping overlap VBG 23626 357 48 occurs occur VBZ 23626 357 49 , , , 23626 357 50 the the DT 23626 357 51 colour colour NN 23626 357 52 , , , 23626 357 53 form form NN 23626 357 54 , , , 23626 357 55 and and CC 23626 357 56 the the DT 23626 357 57 self self NN 23626 357 58 - - HYPH 23626 357 59 evident evident JJ 23626 357 60 character character NN 23626 357 61 of of IN 23626 357 62 the the DT 23626 357 63 stone stone NN 23626 357 64 are be VBP 23626 357 65 in in IN 23626 357 66 themselves -PRON- PRP 23626 357 67 sufficient sufficient JJ 23626 357 68 for for IN 23626 357 69 classification classification NN 23626 357 70 , , , 23626 357 71 the the DT 23626 357 72 specific specific JJ 23626 357 73 gravity gravity NN 23626 357 74 proving proving NN 23626 357 75 genuineness genuineness NN 23626 357 76 . . . 23626 358 1 This this DT 23626 358 2 is be VBZ 23626 358 3 especially especially RB 23626 358 4 appreciated appreciate VBN 23626 358 5 when when WRB 23626 358 6 it -PRON- PRP 23626 358 7 is be VBZ 23626 358 8 remembered remember VBN 23626 358 9 that that IN 23626 358 10 so so RB 23626 358 11 far far JJ 23626 358 12 science science NN 23626 358 13 has have VBZ 23626 358 14 been be VBN 23626 358 15 unable unable JJ 23626 358 16 ( ( -LRB- 23626 358 17 except except IN 23626 358 18 in in IN 23626 358 19 very very RB 23626 358 20 rare rare JJ 23626 358 21 instances instance NNS 23626 358 22 of of IN 23626 358 23 no no DT 23626 358 24 importance importance NN 23626 358 25 ) ) -RRB- 23626 358 26 to to TO 23626 358 27 manufacture manufacture VB 23626 358 28 any any DT 23626 358 29 stone stone NN 23626 358 30 of of IN 23626 358 31 the the DT 23626 358 32 same same JJ 23626 358 33 colour colour NN 23626 358 34 as as IN 23626 358 35 the the DT 23626 358 36 genuine genuine NN 23626 358 37 and and CC 23626 358 38 at at IN 23626 358 39 the the DT 23626 358 40 same same JJ 23626 358 41 time time NN 23626 358 42 of of IN 23626 358 43 the the DT 23626 358 44 same same JJ 23626 358 45 specific specific JJ 23626 358 46 gravity gravity NN 23626 358 47 . . . 23626 359 1 Either either CC 23626 359 2 the the DT 23626 359 3 colour colour NN 23626 359 4 and and CC 23626 359 5 characteristics characteristic NNS 23626 359 6 suffer suffer VBP 23626 359 7 in in IN 23626 359 8 obtaining obtain VBG 23626 359 9 the the DT 23626 359 10 required require VBN 23626 359 11 weight weight NN 23626 359 12 or or CC 23626 359 13 density density NN 23626 359 14 , , , 23626 359 15 or or CC 23626 359 16 if if IN 23626 359 17 the the DT 23626 359 18 colour colour NN 23626 359 19 and and CC 23626 359 20 other other JJ 23626 359 21 properties property NNS 23626 359 22 of of IN 23626 359 23 an an DT 23626 359 24 artificial artificial JJ 23626 359 25 stone stone NN 23626 359 26 are be VBP 23626 359 27 made make VBN 23626 359 28 closely closely RB 23626 359 29 to to TO 23626 359 30 resemble resemble VB 23626 359 31 the the DT 23626 359 32 real real JJ 23626 359 33 , , , 23626 359 34 then then RB 23626 359 35 the the DT 23626 359 36 specific specific JJ 23626 359 37 gravity gravity NN 23626 359 38 is be VBZ 23626 359 39 so so RB 23626 359 40 greatly greatly RB 23626 359 41 different different JJ 23626 359 42 , , , 23626 359 43 either either CC 23626 359 44 more more RBR 23626 359 45 or or CC 23626 359 46 less less RBR 23626 359 47 , , , 23626 359 48 as as IN 23626 359 49 at at IN 23626 359 50 once once RB 23626 359 51 to to TO 23626 359 52 stamp stamp VB 23626 359 53 the the DT 23626 359 54 jewel jewel NN 23626 359 55 as as IN 23626 359 56 false false JJ 23626 359 57 . . . 23626 360 1 In in IN 23626 360 2 the the DT 23626 360 3 very very RB 23626 360 4 few few JJ 23626 360 5 exceptions exception NNS 23626 360 6 where where WRB 23626 360 7 chemically chemically RB 23626 360 8 - - HYPH 23626 360 9 made make VBN 23626 360 10 gems gem NNS 23626 360 11 even even RB 23626 360 12 approach approach VB 23626 360 13 the the DT 23626 360 14 real real JJ 23626 360 15 in in IN 23626 360 16 hardness hardness NN 23626 360 17 , , , 23626 360 18 colour colour NN 23626 360 19 , , , 23626 360 20 specific specific JJ 23626 360 21 gravity gravity NN 23626 360 22 , , , 23626 360 23 & & CC 23626 360 24 c. c. NNP 23626 360 25 , , , 23626 360 26 they -PRON- PRP 23626 360 27 cost cost VBP 23626 360 28 so so RB 23626 360 29 much much JJ 23626 360 30 to to TO 23626 360 31 obtain obtain VB 23626 360 32 and and CC 23626 360 33 the the DT 23626 360 34 difficulties difficulty NNS 23626 360 35 of of IN 23626 360 36 production production NN 23626 360 37 are be VBP 23626 360 38 so so RB 23626 360 39 great great JJ 23626 360 40 that that IN 23626 360 41 they -PRON- PRP 23626 360 42 become become VBP 23626 360 43 mere mere JJ 23626 360 44 chemical chemical NN 23626 360 45 curiosities curiosity NNS 23626 360 46 , , , 23626 360 47 far far RB 23626 360 48 more more RBR 23626 360 49 costly costly JJ 23626 360 50 than than IN 23626 360 51 the the DT 23626 360 52 real real JJ 23626 360 53 gems gem NNS 23626 360 54 . . . 23626 361 1 Further further RB 23626 361 2 , , , 23626 361 3 they -PRON- PRP 23626 361 4 are be VBP 23626 361 5 so so RB 23626 361 6 much much JJ 23626 361 7 subject subject JJ 23626 361 8 to to IN 23626 361 9 chemical chemical NN 23626 361 10 action action NN 23626 361 11 , , , 23626 361 12 and and CC 23626 361 13 are be VBP 23626 361 14 so so RB 23626 361 15 susceptible susceptible JJ 23626 361 16 to to IN 23626 361 17 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 361 18 surroundings surrounding NNS 23626 361 19 , , , 23626 361 20 that that IN 23626 361 21 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 361 22 purity purity NN 23626 361 23 and and CC 23626 361 24 stability stability NN 23626 361 25 can can MD 23626 361 26 not not RB 23626 361 27 be be VB 23626 361 28 maintained maintain VBN 23626 361 29 for for IN 23626 361 30 long long RB 23626 361 31 even even RB 23626 361 32 if if IN 23626 361 33 kept keep VBN 23626 361 34 airtight airtight RB 23626 361 35 ; ; : 23626 361 36 consequently consequently RB 23626 361 37 these these DT 23626 361 38 ultra ultra JJ 23626 361 39 - - JJ 23626 361 40 perfect perfect JJ 23626 361 41 " " `` 23626 361 42 imitations imitation NNS 23626 361 43 " " '' 23626 361 44 are be VBP 23626 361 45 of of IN 23626 361 46 no no DT 23626 361 47 commercial commercial JJ 23626 361 48 value value NN 23626 361 49 whatever whatever WDT 23626 361 50 as as IN 23626 361 51 jewels jewel NNS 23626 361 52 , , , 23626 361 53 even even RB 23626 361 54 though though IN 23626 361 55 they -PRON- PRP 23626 361 56 may may MD 23626 361 57 successfully successfully RB 23626 361 58 withstand withstand VB 23626 361 59 two two CD 23626 361 60 or or CC 23626 361 61 three three CD 23626 361 62 tests test NNS 23626 361 63 . . . 23626 362 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 23626 362 2 IX IX NNP 23626 362 3 . . . 23626 363 1 PHYSICAL PHYSICAL NNP 23626 363 2 PROPERTIES PROPERTIES NNP 23626 363 3 . . . 23626 364 1 G G NNP 23626 364 2 -- -- : 23626 364 3 HEAT HEAT NNP 23626 364 4 . . . 23626 365 1 Another another DT 23626 365 2 method method NN 23626 365 3 of of IN 23626 365 4 isolating isolate VBG 23626 365 5 certain certain JJ 23626 365 6 stones stone NNS 23626 365 7 is be VBZ 23626 365 8 by by IN 23626 365 9 the the DT 23626 365 10 action action NN 23626 365 11 of of IN 23626 365 12 heat heat NN 23626 365 13 - - HYPH 23626 365 14 rays ray NNS 23626 365 15 . . . 23626 366 1 Remembering remember VBG 23626 366 2 our -PRON- PRP$ 23626 366 3 lessons lesson NNS 23626 366 4 in in IN 23626 366 5 physics physics NN 23626 366 6 we -PRON- PRP 23626 366 7 recall recall VBP 23626 366 8 that that DT 23626 366 9 just just RB 23626 366 10 as as IN 23626 366 11 light light NN 23626 366 12 - - : 23626 366 13 rays ray NNS 23626 366 14 may may MD 23626 366 15 be be VB 23626 366 16 refracted refract VBN 23626 366 17 , , , 23626 366 18 absorbed absorb VBN 23626 366 19 , , , 23626 366 20 or or CC 23626 366 21 reflected reflect VBN 23626 366 22 , , , 23626 366 23 according accord VBG 23626 366 24 to to IN 23626 366 25 the the DT 23626 366 26 media medium NNS 23626 366 27 through through IN 23626 366 28 which which WDT 23626 366 29 they -PRON- PRP 23626 366 30 are be VBP 23626 366 31 caused cause VBN 23626 366 32 to to TO 23626 366 33 pass pass VB 23626 366 34 , , , 23626 366 35 so so RB 23626 366 36 do do VB 23626 366 37 heat heat NN 23626 366 38 - - : 23626 366 39 rays ray NNS 23626 366 40 possess possess VBP 23626 366 41 similar similar JJ 23626 366 42 properties property NNS 23626 366 43 . . . 23626 367 1 Therefore therefore RB 23626 367 2 , , , 23626 367 3 if if IN 23626 367 4 heat heat NN 23626 367 5 - - HYPH 23626 367 6 rays ray NNS 23626 367 7 are be VBP 23626 367 8 projected project VBN 23626 367 9 through through IN 23626 367 10 precious precious JJ 23626 367 11 stones stone NNS 23626 367 12 , , , 23626 367 13 or or CC 23626 367 14 brought bring VBN 23626 367 15 to to TO 23626 367 16 bear bear VB 23626 367 17 on on IN 23626 367 18 them -PRON- PRP 23626 367 19 in in IN 23626 367 20 some some DT 23626 367 21 other other JJ 23626 367 22 manner manner NN 23626 367 23 than than IN 23626 367 24 by by IN 23626 367 25 simple simple JJ 23626 367 26 projection projection NN 23626 367 27 , , , 23626 367 28 they -PRON- PRP 23626 367 29 will will MD 23626 367 30 be be VB 23626 367 31 refracted refract VBN 23626 367 32 , , , 23626 367 33 absorbed absorb VBN 23626 367 34 , , , 23626 367 35 or or CC 23626 367 36 reflected reflect VBN 23626 367 37 by by IN 23626 367 38 the the DT 23626 367 39 stones stone NNS 23626 367 40 in in IN 23626 367 41 the the DT 23626 367 42 same same JJ 23626 367 43 manner manner NN 23626 367 44 as as IN 23626 367 45 if if IN 23626 367 46 they -PRON- PRP 23626 367 47 were be VBD 23626 367 48 light light JJ 23626 367 49 - - HYPH 23626 367 50 rays ray NNS 23626 367 51 , , , 23626 367 52 and and CC 23626 367 53 just just RB 23626 367 54 as as IN 23626 367 55 certain certain JJ 23626 367 56 stones stone NNS 23626 367 57 allow allow VBP 23626 367 58 light light NN 23626 367 59 to to TO 23626 367 60 pass pass VB 23626 367 61 through through IN 23626 367 62 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 367 63 substance substance NN 23626 367 64 , , , 23626 367 65 whilst whilst IN 23626 367 66 others other NNS 23626 367 67 are be VBP 23626 367 68 opaque opaque JJ 23626 367 69 , , , 23626 367 70 so so RB 23626 367 71 do do VB 23626 367 72 some some DT 23626 367 73 stones stone NNS 23626 367 74 offer offer VBP 23626 367 75 no no DT 23626 367 76 resistance resistance NN 23626 367 77 to to IN 23626 367 78 the the DT 23626 367 79 passage passage NN 23626 367 80 of of IN 23626 367 81 heat heat NN 23626 367 82 - - HYPH 23626 367 83 rays ray NNS 23626 367 84 , , , 23626 367 85 but but CC 23626 367 86 allow allow VB 23626 367 87 them -PRON- PRP 23626 367 88 free free JJ 23626 367 89 movement movement NN 23626 367 90 through through IN 23626 367 91 the the DT 23626 367 92 substance substance NN 23626 367 93 , , , 23626 367 94 whilst whilst IN 23626 367 95 , , , 23626 367 96 in in IN 23626 367 97 other other JJ 23626 367 98 cases case NNS 23626 367 99 , , , 23626 367 100 no no DT 23626 367 101 passage passage NN 23626 367 102 of of IN 23626 367 103 heat heat NN 23626 367 104 is be VBZ 23626 367 105 possible possible JJ 23626 367 106 , , , 23626 367 107 the the DT 23626 367 108 stones stone NNS 23626 367 109 being be VBG 23626 367 110 as as RB 23626 367 111 opaque opaque JJ 23626 367 112 to to TO 23626 367 113 heat heat VB 23626 367 114 as as IN 23626 367 115 to to IN 23626 367 116 light light NN 23626 367 117 . . . 23626 368 1 Indeed indeed RB 23626 368 2 , , , 23626 368 3 the the DT 23626 368 4 properties property NNS 23626 368 5 of of IN 23626 368 6 light light NN 23626 368 7 and and CC 23626 368 8 heat heat NN 23626 368 9 are be VBP 23626 368 10 in in IN 23626 368 11 many many JJ 23626 368 12 ways way NNS 23626 368 13 identical identical JJ 23626 368 14 , , , 23626 368 15 though though IN 23626 368 16 the the DT 23626 368 17 test test NN 23626 368 18 by by IN 23626 368 19 heat heat NN 23626 368 20 must must MD 23626 368 21 in in IN 23626 368 22 all all DT 23626 368 23 cases case NNS 23626 368 24 give give VBP 23626 368 25 place place NN 23626 368 26 to to IN 23626 368 27 that that DT 23626 368 28 by by IN 23626 368 29 light light NN 23626 368 30 , , , 23626 368 31 which which WDT 23626 368 32 latter latter JJ 23626 368 33 is be VBZ 23626 368 34 by by IN 23626 368 35 far far RB 23626 368 36 of of IN 23626 368 37 the the DT 23626 368 38 greater great JJR 23626 368 39 importance importance NN 23626 368 40 in in IN 23626 368 41 the the DT 23626 368 42 judging judging NN 23626 368 43 and and CC 23626 368 44 isolation isolation NN 23626 368 45 of of IN 23626 368 46 precious precious JJ 23626 368 47 stones stone NNS 23626 368 48 . . . 23626 369 1 It -PRON- PRP 23626 369 2 will will MD 23626 369 3 readily readily RB 23626 369 4 be be VB 23626 369 5 understood understand VBN 23626 369 6 that that IN 23626 369 7 in in IN 23626 369 8 the the DT 23626 369 9 spectrum spectrum NN 23626 369 10 the the DT 23626 369 11 outer outer JJ 23626 369 12 or or CC 23626 369 13 extreme extreme JJ 23626 369 14 light light NN 23626 369 15 - - HYPH 23626 369 16 rays ray NNS 23626 369 17 at at IN 23626 369 18 each each DT 23626 369 19 side side NN 23626 369 20 are be VBP 23626 369 21 more more RBR 23626 369 22 or or CC 23626 369 23 less less RBR 23626 369 24 bent bent JJ 23626 369 25 or or CC 23626 369 26 diverted divert VBN 23626 369 27 , , , 23626 369 28 but but CC 23626 369 29 those those DT 23626 369 30 nearest near JJS 23626 369 31 the the DT 23626 369 32 centre centre NN 23626 369 33 are be VBP 23626 369 34 comparatively comparatively RB 23626 369 35 straight straight JJ 23626 369 36 , , , 23626 369 37 so so IN 23626 369 38 that that IN 23626 369 39 , , , 23626 369 40 as as IN 23626 369 41 before before IN 23626 369 42 remarked remark VBN 23626 369 43 , , , 23626 369 44 these these DT 23626 369 45 central central JJ 23626 369 46 rays ray NNS 23626 369 47 are be VBP 23626 369 48 taken take VBN 23626 369 49 as as IN 23626 369 50 being be VBG 23626 369 51 the the DT 23626 369 52 standard standard NN 23626 369 53 of of IN 23626 369 54 light light JJ 23626 369 55 - - HYPH 23626 369 56 value value NN 23626 369 57 . . . 23626 370 1 This this DT 23626 370 2 divergence divergence NN 23626 370 3 or or CC 23626 370 4 refraction refraction NN 23626 370 5 is be VBZ 23626 370 6 greater great JJR 23626 370 7 in in IN 23626 370 8 some some DT 23626 370 9 stones stone NNS 23626 370 10 than than IN 23626 370 11 in in IN 23626 370 12 others other NNS 23626 370 13 , , , 23626 370 14 and and CC 23626 370 15 to to IN 23626 370 16 it -PRON- PRP 23626 370 17 the the DT 23626 370 18 diamond diamond NN 23626 370 19 , , , 23626 370 20 as as IN 23626 370 21 an an DT 23626 370 22 example example NN 23626 370 23 , , , 23626 370 24 owes owe VBZ 23626 370 25 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 370 26 chief chief JJ 23626 370 27 charm charm NN 23626 370 28 . . . 23626 371 1 In in IN 23626 371 2 just just RB 23626 371 3 such such JJ 23626 371 4 manner manner NN 23626 371 5 do do VBP 23626 371 6 certain certain JJ 23626 371 7 stones stone NNS 23626 371 8 refract refract NN 23626 371 9 , , , 23626 371 10 absorb absorb VB 23626 371 11 , , , 23626 371 12 or or CC 23626 371 13 reflect reflect VBP 23626 371 14 heat heat NN 23626 371 15 ; ; : 23626 371 16 thus thus RB 23626 371 17 amber amber NNP 23626 371 18 , , , 23626 371 19 gypsum gypsum NNP 23626 371 20 , , , 23626 371 21 and and CC 23626 371 22 the the DT 23626 371 23 like like JJ 23626 371 24 , , , 23626 371 25 are be VBP 23626 371 26 practically practically RB 23626 371 27 opaque opaque JJ 23626 371 28 to to IN 23626 371 29 heat heat NN 23626 371 30 - - HYPH 23626 371 31 rays ray NNS 23626 371 32 , , , 23626 371 33 in in IN 23626 371 34 contrast contrast NN 23626 371 35 with with IN 23626 371 36 those those DT 23626 371 37 of of IN 23626 371 38 the the DT 23626 371 39 nature nature NN 23626 371 40 of of IN 23626 371 41 fluorspar fluorspar NNP 23626 371 42 , , , 23626 371 43 rock rock NN 23626 371 44 - - HYPH 23626 371 45 salt salt NN 23626 371 46 , , , 23626 371 47 & & CC 23626 371 48 c. c. NNP 23626 371 49 , , , 23626 371 50 which which WDT 23626 371 51 are be VBP 23626 371 52 receptive receptive JJ 23626 371 53 . . . 23626 372 1 Heat heat NN 23626 372 2 passes pass VBZ 23626 372 3 through through IN 23626 372 4 these these DT 23626 372 5 as as RB 23626 372 6 easily easily RB 23626 372 7 as as IN 23626 372 8 does do VBZ 23626 372 9 light light NN 23626 372 10 through through IN 23626 372 11 a a DT 23626 372 12 diamond diamond NN 23626 372 13 , , , 23626 372 14 such such JJ 23626 372 15 stones stone NNS 23626 372 16 being be VBG 23626 372 17 classed class VBN 23626 372 18 as as IN 23626 372 19 diathermal diathermal JJ 23626 372 20 ( ( -LRB- 23626 372 21 to to TO 23626 372 22 heat heat VB 23626 372 23 through through RB 23626 372 24 ) ) -RRB- 23626 372 25 . . . 23626 373 1 So so RB 23626 373 2 that that IN 23626 373 3 all all DT 23626 373 4 diathermal diathermal JJ 23626 373 5 stones stone NNS 23626 373 6 are be VBP 23626 373 7 easily easily RB 23626 373 8 permeable permeable JJ 23626 373 9 by by IN 23626 373 10 radiant radiant JJ 23626 373 11 heat heat NN 23626 373 12 , , , 23626 373 13 which which WDT 23626 373 14 passes pass VBZ 23626 373 15 through through IN 23626 373 16 them -PRON- PRP 23626 373 17 exactly exactly RB 23626 373 18 as as IN 23626 373 19 does do VBZ 23626 373 20 light light NN 23626 373 21 through through IN 23626 373 22 transparent transparent JJ 23626 373 23 bodies body NNS 23626 373 24 . . . 23626 374 1 Others other NNS 23626 374 2 , , , 23626 374 3 again again RB 23626 374 4 , , , 23626 374 5 are be VBP 23626 374 6 both both DT 23626 374 7 single single JJ 23626 374 8 and and CC 23626 374 9 double double JJ 23626 374 10 refracting refracting NN 23626 374 11 to to IN 23626 374 12 heat heat NN 23626 374 13 - - HYPH 23626 374 14 rays ray NNS 23626 374 15 , , , 23626 374 16 and and CC 23626 374 17 it -PRON- PRP 23626 374 18 is be VBZ 23626 374 19 interesting interesting JJ 23626 374 20 to to TO 23626 374 21 note note VB 23626 374 22 the the DT 23626 374 23 heat heat NN 23626 374 24 - - HYPH 23626 374 25 penetrating penetrating NN 23626 374 26 value value NN 23626 374 27 as as IN 23626 374 28 compared compare VBN 23626 374 29 with with IN 23626 374 30 the the DT 23626 374 31 refractive refractive JJ 23626 374 32 indexes index NNS 23626 374 33 of of IN 23626 374 34 the the DT 23626 374 35 stone stone NN 23626 374 36 . . . 23626 375 1 In in IN 23626 375 2 the the DT 23626 375 3 following follow VBG 23626 375 4 table table NN 23626 375 5 will will MD 23626 375 6 be be VB 23626 375 7 found find VBN 23626 375 8 the the DT 23626 375 9 refractive refractive JJ 23626 375 10 indexes index NNS 23626 375 11 of of IN 23626 375 12 a a DT 23626 375 13 selection selection NN 23626 375 14 of of IN 23626 375 15 single single JJ 23626 375 16 and and CC 23626 375 17 double double JJ 23626 375 18 refractive refractive JJ 23626 375 19 stones stone NNS 23626 375 20 , , , 23626 375 21 the the DT 23626 375 22 figures figure NNS 23626 375 23 for for IN 23626 375 24 " " `` 23626 375 25 Light Light NNP 23626 375 26 " " '' 23626 375 27 being be VBG 23626 375 28 taken take VBN 23626 375 29 from from IN 23626 375 30 a a DT 23626 375 31 standard standard JJ 23626 375 32 list list NN 23626 375 33 . . . 23626 376 1 The the DT 23626 376 2 second second JJ 23626 376 3 column column NN 23626 376 4 shows show VBZ 23626 376 5 the the DT 23626 376 6 refractive refractive JJ 23626 376 7 power power NN 23626 376 8 of of IN 23626 376 9 heat heat NNP 23626 376 10 , , , 23626 376 11 applied apply VBD 23626 376 12 to to IN 23626 376 13 the the DT 23626 376 14 actual actual JJ 23626 376 15 stones stone NNS 23626 376 16 , , , 23626 376 17 and and CC 23626 376 18 consisting consist VBG 23626 376 19 of of IN 23626 376 20 a a DT 23626 376 21 fine fine JJ 23626 376 22 pencil pencil NN 23626 376 23 blowpipe blowpipe NN 23626 376 24 - - HYPH 23626 376 25 flame flame NN 23626 376 26 , , , 23626 376 27 one one CD 23626 376 28 line line NN 23626 376 29 ( ( -LRB- 23626 376 30 the the DT 23626 376 31 one one CD 23626 376 32 twelfth twelfth JJ 23626 376 33 part part NN 23626 376 34 of of IN 23626 376 35 an an DT 23626 376 36 inch inch NN 23626 376 37 ) ) -RRB- 23626 376 38 in in IN 23626 376 39 length length NN 23626 376 40 in in IN 23626 376 41 each each DT 23626 376 42 case case NN 23626 376 43 . . . 23626 377 1 This this DT 23626 377 2 list list NN 23626 377 3 must must MD 23626 377 4 be be VB 23626 377 5 taken take VBN 23626 377 6 as as IN 23626 377 7 approximate approximate JJ 23626 377 8 , , , 23626 377 9 since since IN 23626 377 10 in in IN 23626 377 11 many many JJ 23626 377 12 instances instance NNS 23626 377 13 the the DT 23626 377 14 test test NN 23626 377 15 has have VBZ 23626 377 16 been be VBN 23626 377 17 made make VBN 23626 377 18 on on IN 23626 377 19 one one CD 23626 377 20 stone stone NN 23626 377 21 only only RB 23626 377 22 , , , 23626 377 23 without without IN 23626 377 24 possibility possibility NN 23626 377 25 of of IN 23626 377 26 obtaining obtain VBG 23626 377 27 an an DT 23626 377 28 average average NN 23626 377 29 ; ; : 23626 377 30 and and CC 23626 377 31 as as IN 23626 377 32 stones stone NNS 23626 377 33 vary vary VBP 23626 377 34 considerably considerably RB 23626 377 35 , , , 23626 377 36 the the DT 23626 377 37 figures figure NNS 23626 377 38 may may MD 23626 377 39 be be VB 23626 377 40 raised raise VBN 23626 377 41 or or CC 23626 377 42 lowered lower VBN 23626 377 43 slightly slightly RB 23626 377 44 , , , 23626 377 45 or or CC 23626 377 46 perhaps perhaps RB 23626 377 47 even even RB 23626 377 48 changed change VBN 23626 377 49 in in IN 23626 377 50 class class NN 23626 377 51 , , , 23626 377 52 because because IN 23626 377 53 in in IN 23626 377 54 some some DT 23626 377 55 stones stone NNS 23626 377 56 the the DT 23626 377 57 least least JJS 23626 377 58 stain stain NN 23626 377 59 or or CC 23626 377 60 impurity impurity NN 23626 377 61 may may MD 23626 377 62 cause cause VB 23626 377 63 the the DT 23626 377 64 heat heat NN 23626 377 65 effects effect NNS 23626 377 66 to to TO 23626 377 67 be be VB 23626 377 68 altered alter VBN 23626 377 69 greatly greatly RB 23626 377 70 in in IN 23626 377 71 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 377 72 character character NN 23626 377 73 , , , 23626 377 74 and and CC 23626 377 75 even even RB 23626 377 76 to to TO 23626 377 77 become become VB 23626 377 78 singly singly RB 23626 377 79 or or CC 23626 377 80 doubly doubly RB 23626 377 81 refracting refract VBG 23626 377 82 , , , 23626 377 83 opaque opaque JJ 23626 377 84 or or CC 23626 377 85 transparent transparent JJ 23626 377 86 , , , 23626 377 87 to to IN 23626 377 88 heat heat NN 23626 377 89 - - HYPH 23626 377 90 rays ray NNS 23626 377 91 , , , 23626 377 92 according accord VBG 23626 377 93 to to IN 23626 377 94 the the DT 23626 377 95 nature nature NN 23626 377 96 of of IN 23626 377 97 the the DT 23626 377 98 impurity impurity NN 23626 377 99 or or CC 23626 377 100 to to IN 23626 377 101 some some DT 23626 377 102 slight slight JJ 23626 377 103 change change NN 23626 377 104 in in IN 23626 377 105 the the DT 23626 377 106 crystalline crystalline NN 23626 377 107 structure structure NN 23626 377 108 , , , 23626 377 109 and and CC 23626 377 110 so so RB 23626 377 111 on on RB 23626 377 112 . . . 23626 378 1 _ _ NNP 23626 378 2 Selection Selection NNP 23626 378 3 of of IN 23626 378 4 Singly singly RB 23626 378 5 refracting refract VBG 23626 378 6 stones stone NNS 23626 378 7 . . . 23626 378 8 _ _ NNP 23626 378 9 _ _ NNP 23626 378 10 Indexes Indexes NNPS 23626 378 11 of of IN 23626 378 12 Rays Rays NNPS 23626 378 13 of of IN 23626 378 14 _ _ NNP 23626 378 15 LIGHT LIGHT NNP 23626 378 16 . . . 23626 379 1 HEAT HEAT NNP 23626 379 2 . . . 23626 380 1 Fluorspar Fluorspar NNP 23626 380 2 1.436 1.436 CD 23626 380 3 4.10 4.10 CD 23626 380 4 varies vary VBZ 23626 380 5 Opal Opal NNP 23626 380 6 1.479 1.479 CD 23626 380 7 2.10 2.10 CD 23626 380 8 " " `` 23626 380 9 Spinel Spinel NNP 23626 380 10 1.726 1.726 CD 23626 380 11 1.00 1.00 CD 23626 380 12 Almandine Almandine NNP 23626 380 13 1.764 1.764 CD 23626 380 14 1.00 1.00 CD 23626 380 15 Diamond Diamond NNP 23626 380 16 2.431 2.431 CD 23626 380 17 6.11 6.11 CD 23626 380 18 double double JJ 23626 380 19 _ _ NNP 23626 380 20 Selection Selection NNP 23626 380 21 of of IN 23626 380 22 Doubly doubly RB 23626 380 23 refracting refract VBG 23626 380 24 stones stone NNS 23626 380 25 . . . 23626 380 26 _ _ NNP 23626 380 27 _ _ NNP 23626 380 28 Indexes Indexes NNPS 23626 380 29 of of IN 23626 380 30 Rays Rays NNPS 23626 380 31 of of IN 23626 380 32 _ _ NNP 23626 380 33 LIGHT LIGHT NNP 23626 380 34 . . . 23626 381 1 HEAT HEAT NNP 23626 381 2 . . . 23626 382 1 Quartz Quartz NNP 23626 382 2 1.545 1.545 CD 23626 382 3 4.7 4.7 CD 23626 382 4 single single JJ 23626 382 5 and and CC 23626 382 6 double double JJ 23626 382 7 Beryl Beryl NNP 23626 382 8 1.575 1.575 CD 23626 382 9 1.0 1.0 CD 23626 382 10 varies vary VBZ 23626 382 11 considerably considerably RB 23626 382 12 Topaz Topaz NNP 23626 382 13 1.635 1.635 CD 23626 382 14 4.1 4.1 CD 23626 382 15 " " `` 23626 382 16 " " `` 23626 382 17 Chrysoberyl Chrysoberyl NNP 23626 382 18 1.765 1.765 CD 23626 382 19 1.1 1.1 CD 23626 382 20 " " '' 23626 382 21 " " `` 23626 382 22 Ruby Ruby NNP 23626 382 23 1.949 1.949 CD 23626 382 24 5.1 5.1 CD 23626 382 25 single single JJ 23626 382 26 and and CC 23626 382 27 double double JJ 23626 382 28 The the DT 23626 382 29 tourmaline tourmaline NN 23626 382 30 has have VBZ 23626 382 31 a a DT 23626 382 32 light light JJ 23626 382 33 - - HYPH 23626 382 34 refractive refractive JJ 23626 382 35 index index NN 23626 382 36 of of IN 23626 382 37 1.63 1.63 CD 23626 382 38 , , , 23626 382 39 with with IN 23626 382 40 a a DT 23626 382 41 heat heat NN 23626 382 42 index index NN 23626 382 43 of of IN 23626 382 44 none none NN 23626 382 45 , , , 23626 382 46 being be VBG 23626 382 47 to to TO 23626 382 48 heat heat VB 23626 382 49 - - HYPH 23626 382 50 rays ray NNS 23626 382 51 completely completely RB 23626 382 52 opaque opaque JJ 23626 382 53 . . . 23626 383 1 The the DT 23626 383 2 refractive refractive JJ 23626 383 3 index index NN 23626 383 4 of of IN 23626 383 5 gypsum gypsum NNP 23626 383 6 is be VBZ 23626 383 7 1.54 1.54 CD 23626 383 8 , , , 23626 383 9 but but CC 23626 383 10 heat heat VB 23626 383 11 none none NN 23626 383 12 , , , 23626 383 13 being be VBG 23626 383 14 opaque opaque JJ 23626 383 15 . . . 23626 384 1 The the DT 23626 384 2 refractive refractive JJ 23626 384 3 index index NN 23626 384 4 of of IN 23626 384 5 amber amber NNP 23626 384 6 is be VBZ 23626 384 7 1.51 1.51 CD 23626 384 8 , , , 23626 384 9 but but CC 23626 384 10 heat heat VB 23626 384 11 none none NN 23626 384 12 , , , 23626 384 13 being be VBG 23626 384 14 opaque opaque JJ 23626 384 15 . . . 23626 385 1 In in IN 23626 385 2 some some DT 23626 385 3 of of IN 23626 385 4 the the DT 23626 385 5 specimens specimen NNS 23626 385 6 the the DT 23626 385 7 gypsum gypsum NN 23626 385 8 showed show VBD 23626 385 9 a a DT 23626 385 10 heat heat NN 23626 385 11 - - HYPH 23626 385 12 penetration penetration NN 23626 385 13 index index NN 23626 385 14 of of IN 23626 385 15 0.001 0.001 CD 23626 385 16 , , , 23626 385 17 and and CC 23626 385 18 amber amber NN 23626 385 19 of of IN 23626 385 20 0.056 0.056 CD 23626 385 21 , , , 23626 385 22 but but CC 23626 385 23 mostly mostly RB 23626 385 24 not not RB 23626 385 25 within within IN 23626 385 26 the the DT 23626 385 27 third third JJ 23626 385 28 point point NN 23626 385 29 . . . 23626 386 1 In in IN 23626 386 2 all all DT 23626 386 3 cases case NNS 23626 386 4 the the DT 23626 386 5 heat heat NN 23626 386 6 - - HYPH 23626 386 7 penetration penetration NN 23626 386 8 and and CC 23626 386 9 refraction refraction NN 23626 386 10 were be VBD 23626 386 11 shown show VBN 23626 386 12 by by IN 23626 386 13 electric electric JJ 23626 386 14 recorders recorder NNS 23626 386 15 . . . 23626 387 1 These these DT 23626 387 2 figures figure NNS 23626 387 3 are be VBP 23626 387 4 the the DT 23626 387 5 average average NN 23626 387 6 of of IN 23626 387 7 those those DT 23626 387 8 obtained obtain VBN 23626 387 9 from from IN 23626 387 10 tests test NNS 23626 387 11 made make VBN 23626 387 12 in in IN 23626 387 13 some some DT 23626 387 14 cases case NNS 23626 387 15 on on IN 23626 387 16 several several JJ 23626 387 17 stones stone NNS 23626 387 18 of of IN 23626 387 19 the the DT 23626 387 20 same same JJ 23626 387 21 kind kind NN 23626 387 22 , , , 23626 387 23 and and CC 23626 387 24 also also RB 23626 387 25 on on IN 23626 387 26 isolated isolated JJ 23626 387 27 specimens specimen NNS 23626 387 28 . . . 23626 388 1 Not not RB 23626 388 2 only only RB 23626 388 3 does do VBZ 23626 388 4 the the DT 23626 388 5 power power NN 23626 388 6 of of IN 23626 388 7 the the DT 23626 388 8 stone stone NN 23626 388 9 to to TO 23626 388 10 conduct conduct VB 23626 388 11 heat heat NN 23626 388 12 vary vary VBP 23626 388 13 in in IN 23626 388 14 different different JJ 23626 388 15 stones stone NNS 23626 388 16 of of IN 23626 388 17 the the DT 23626 388 18 same same JJ 23626 388 19 kind kind NN 23626 388 20 or or CC 23626 388 21 variety variety NN 23626 388 22 , , , 23626 388 23 as as IN 23626 388 24 already already RB 23626 388 25 explained explain VBN 23626 388 26 , , , 23626 388 27 but but CC 23626 388 28 there there EX 23626 388 29 is be VBZ 23626 388 30 seen see VBN 23626 388 31 a a DT 23626 388 32 remarkable remarkable JJ 23626 388 33 difference difference NN 23626 388 34 in in IN 23626 388 35 value value NN 23626 388 36 , , , 23626 388 37 according accord VBG 23626 388 38 to to IN 23626 388 39 the the DT 23626 388 40 spot spot NN 23626 388 41 on on IN 23626 388 42 which which WDT 23626 388 43 the the DT 23626 388 44 heat heat NN 23626 388 45 is be VBZ 23626 388 46 applied apply VBN 23626 388 47 , , , 23626 388 48 so so IN 23626 388 49 that that IN 23626 388 50 on on IN 23626 388 51 one one CD 23626 388 52 stone stone NN 23626 388 53 there there EX 23626 388 54 is be VBZ 23626 388 55 often often RB 23626 388 56 seen see VBN 23626 388 57 a a DT 23626 388 58 conductivity conductivity NN 23626 388 59 varying varying NN 23626 388 60 between between IN 23626 388 61 0.15 0.15 CD 23626 388 62 to to IN 23626 388 63 4.70 4.70 CD 23626 388 64 . . . 23626 389 1 This this DT 23626 389 2 is be VBZ 23626 389 3 owing owe VBG 23626 389 4 to to IN 23626 389 5 the the DT 23626 389 6 differences difference NNS 23626 389 7 of of IN 23626 389 8 expansion expansion NN 23626 389 9 due due IN 23626 389 10 to to IN 23626 389 11 the the DT 23626 389 12 temporary temporary JJ 23626 389 13 disturbance disturbance NN 23626 389 14 of of IN 23626 389 15 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 389 16 crystalline crystalline NN 23626 389 17 structure structure NN 23626 389 18 , , , 23626 389 19 brought bring VBN 23626 389 20 about about RP 23626 389 21 by by IN 23626 389 22 the the DT 23626 389 23 applied applied JJ 23626 389 24 heat heat NN 23626 389 25 . . . 23626 390 1 This this DT 23626 390 2 will will MD 23626 390 3 be be VB 23626 390 4 evident evident JJ 23626 390 5 when when WRB 23626 390 6 heat heat NN 23626 390 7 is be VBZ 23626 390 8 applied apply VBN 23626 390 9 on on IN 23626 390 10 the the DT 23626 390 11 axes axis NNS 23626 390 12 of of IN 23626 390 13 the the DT 23626 390 14 crystal crystal NN 23626 390 15 , , , 23626 390 16 on on IN 23626 390 17 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 390 18 faces face NNS 23626 390 19 , , , 23626 390 20 angles angle NNS 23626 390 21 , , , 23626 390 22 lines line NNS 23626 390 23 of of IN 23626 390 24 symmetry symmetry NN 23626 390 25 , , , 23626 390 26 etc etc FW 23626 390 27 . . FW 23626 390 28 , , , 23626 390 29 etc etc FW 23626 390 30 . . FW 23626 390 31 , , , 23626 390 32 each each DT 23626 390 33 one one CD 23626 390 34 of of IN 23626 390 35 which which WDT 23626 390 36 gives give VBZ 23626 390 37 different different JJ 23626 390 38 results result NNS 23626 390 39 , , , 23626 390 40 not not RB 23626 390 41 only only RB 23626 390 42 as as IN 23626 390 43 to to TO 23626 390 44 value value NN 23626 390 45 in in IN 23626 390 46 conductivity conductivity NN 23626 390 47 , , , 23626 390 48 but but CC 23626 390 49 a a DT 23626 390 50 result result NN 23626 390 51 which which WDT 23626 390 52 varies vary VBZ 23626 390 53 in in IN 23626 390 54 a a DT 23626 390 55 curious curious JJ 23626 390 56 degree degree NN 23626 390 57 , , , 23626 390 58 out out IN 23626 390 59 of of IN 23626 390 60 all all DT 23626 390 61 proportion proportion NN 23626 390 62 to to IN 23626 390 63 the the DT 23626 390 64 heat heat NN 23626 390 65 applied apply VBD 23626 390 66 . . . 23626 391 1 In in IN 23626 391 2 many many JJ 23626 391 3 cases case NNS 23626 391 4 a a DT 23626 391 5 slight slight JJ 23626 391 6 diminution diminution NN 23626 391 7 in in IN 23626 391 8 applied applied JJ 23626 391 9 heat heat NN 23626 391 10 gives give VBZ 23626 391 11 a a DT 23626 391 12 greater great JJR 23626 391 13 conductivity conductivity NN 23626 391 14 , , , 23626 391 15 whilst whilst IN 23626 391 16 in in IN 23626 391 17 others other NNS 23626 391 18 a a DT 23626 391 19 slight slight JJ 23626 391 20 rise rise NN 23626 391 21 in in IN 23626 391 22 the the DT 23626 391 23 temperature temperature NN 23626 391 24 of of IN 23626 391 25 the the DT 23626 391 26 heat heat NN 23626 391 27 destroys destroy VBZ 23626 391 28 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 391 29 conductivity conductivity NN 23626 391 30 altogether altogether RB 23626 391 31 , , , 23626 391 32 and and CC 23626 391 33 renders render VBZ 23626 391 34 the the DT 23626 391 35 stone stone NN 23626 391 36 quite quite RB 23626 391 37 opaque opaque VBD 23626 391 38 to to IN 23626 391 39 heat heat NN 23626 391 40 - - HYPH 23626 391 41 rays ray NNS 23626 391 42 . . . 23626 392 1 This this DT 23626 392 2 anomaly anomaly IN 23626 392 3 is be VBZ 23626 392 4 due due JJ 23626 392 5 entirely entirely RB 23626 392 6 to to IN 23626 392 7 the the DT 23626 392 8 alteration alteration NN 23626 392 9 of of IN 23626 392 10 crystalline crystalline NN 23626 392 11 structure structure NN 23626 392 12 , , , 23626 392 13 which which WDT 23626 392 14 , , , 23626 392 15 in in IN 23626 392 16 the the DT 23626 392 17 one one CD 23626 392 18 case case NN 23626 392 19 , , , 23626 392 20 is be VBZ 23626 392 21 so so RB 23626 392 22 changed change VBN 23626 392 23 by by IN 23626 392 24 the the DT 23626 392 25 diminution diminution NN 23626 392 26 in in IN 23626 392 27 heat heat NN 23626 392 28 as as IN 23626 392 29 to to TO 23626 392 30 cause cause VB 23626 392 31 the the DT 23626 392 32 crystals crystal NNS 23626 392 33 to to TO 23626 392 34 be be VB 23626 392 35 so so RB 23626 392 36 placed place VBN 23626 392 37 that that IN 23626 392 38 they -PRON- PRP 23626 392 39 become become VBP 23626 392 40 diathermal diathermal JJ 23626 392 41 , , , 23626 392 42 or or CC 23626 392 43 transparent transparent JJ 23626 392 44 to to TO 23626 392 45 heat heat NN 23626 392 46 - - HYPH 23626 392 47 rays ray NNS 23626 392 48 ; ; , 23626 392 49 whilst whilst RB 23626 392 50 , , , 23626 392 51 in in IN 23626 392 52 the the DT 23626 392 53 other other JJ 23626 392 54 instance instance NN 23626 392 55 , , , 23626 392 56 the the DT 23626 392 57 crystals crystal NNS 23626 392 58 which which WDT 23626 392 59 so so RB 23626 392 60 arrange arrange VBP 23626 392 61 themselves -PRON- PRP 23626 392 62 as as IN 23626 392 63 to to TO 23626 392 64 be be VB 23626 392 65 diathermal diathermal JJ 23626 392 66 are be VBP 23626 392 67 , , , 23626 392 68 by by IN 23626 392 69 a a DT 23626 392 70 slightly slightly RB 23626 392 71 increased increase VBN 23626 392 72 temperature temperature NN 23626 392 73 , , , 23626 392 74 somewhat somewhat RB 23626 392 75 displaced displaced JJ 23626 392 76 , , , 23626 392 77 and and CC 23626 392 78 reflect reflect VB 23626 392 79 , , , 23626 392 80 or or CC 23626 392 81 otherwise otherwise RB 23626 392 82 oppose oppose VBP 23626 392 83 the the DT 23626 392 84 direct direct JJ 23626 392 85 passage passage NN 23626 392 86 of of IN 23626 392 87 heat heat NN 23626 392 88 - - HYPH 23626 392 89 rays ray NNS 23626 392 90 , , , 23626 392 91 which which WDT 23626 392 92 , , , 23626 392 93 at at IN 23626 392 94 the the DT 23626 392 95 lower low JJR 23626 392 96 temperature temperature NN 23626 392 97 , , , 23626 392 98 obtained obtain VBD 23626 392 99 free free JJ 23626 392 100 passage passage NN 23626 392 101 . . . 23626 393 1 Thus thus RB 23626 393 2 certain certain JJ 23626 393 3 stones stone NNS 23626 393 4 become become VBP 23626 393 5 both both DT 23626 393 6 opaque opaque JJ 23626 393 7 and and CC 23626 393 8 diathermal diathermal JJ 23626 393 9 , , , 23626 393 10 and and CC 23626 393 11 as as IN 23626 393 12 the the DT 23626 393 13 heat heat NN 23626 393 14 is be VBZ 23626 393 15 caused cause VBN 23626 393 16 to to TO 23626 393 17 vary vary VB 23626 393 18 , , , 23626 393 19 so so RB 23626 393 20 do do VBP 23626 393 21 they -PRON- PRP 23626 393 22 show show VB 23626 393 23 the the DT 23626 393 24 complete complete JJ 23626 393 25 gamut gamut NN 23626 393 26 between between IN 23626 393 27 the the DT 23626 393 28 two two CD 23626 393 29 extremes extreme NNS 23626 393 30 of of IN 23626 393 31 total total JJ 23626 393 32 opacity opacity NN 23626 393 33 and and CC 23626 393 34 complete complete JJ 23626 393 35 transparency transparency NN 23626 393 36 to to IN 23626 393 37 heat heat NN 23626 393 38 - - HYPH 23626 393 39 rays ray NNS 23626 393 40 . . . 23626 394 1 For for IN 23626 394 2 the the DT 23626 394 3 purpose purpose NN 23626 394 4 under under IN 23626 394 5 consideration consideration NN 23626 394 6 , , , 23626 394 7 the the DT 23626 394 8 temperature temperature NN 23626 394 9 of of IN 23626 394 10 the the DT 23626 394 11 pencil pencil NN 23626 394 12 of of IN 23626 394 13 heat heat NN 23626 394 14 applied apply VBD 23626 394 15 to to IN 23626 394 16 the the DT 23626 394 17 stones stone NNS 23626 394 18 in in IN 23626 394 19 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 394 20 several several JJ 23626 394 21 portions portion NNS 23626 394 22 was be VBD 23626 394 23 kept keep VBN 23626 394 24 constant constant JJ 23626 394 25 . . . 23626 395 1 It -PRON- PRP 23626 395 2 will will MD 23626 395 3 be be VB 23626 395 4 seen see VBN 23626 395 5 , , , 23626 395 6 therefore therefore RB 23626 395 7 , , , 23626 395 8 that that IN 23626 395 9 no no DT 23626 395 10 great great JJ 23626 395 11 reliance reliance NN 23626 395 12 can can MD 23626 395 13 be be VB 23626 395 14 placed place VBN 23626 395 15 on on IN 23626 395 16 the the DT 23626 395 17 heat heat NN 23626 395 18 test test NN 23626 395 19 as as IN 23626 395 20 applied apply VBN 23626 395 21 to to IN 23626 395 22 precious precious JJ 23626 395 23 stones stone NNS 23626 395 24 . . . 23626 396 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 23626 396 2 X. X. NNP 23626 397 1 PHYSICAL PHYSICAL NNP 23626 397 2 PROPERTIES PROPERTIES NNP 23626 397 3 . . . 23626 398 1 H h NN 23626 398 2 -- -- : 23626 398 3 MAGNETIC magnetic NN 23626 398 4 AND and CC 23626 398 5 ELECTRIC ELECTRIC NNP 23626 398 6 INFLUENCES INFLUENCES NNP 23626 398 7 . . . 23626 399 1 The the DT 23626 399 2 word word NN 23626 399 3 " " `` 23626 399 4 electricity electricity NN 23626 399 5 " " '' 23626 399 6 is be VBZ 23626 399 7 derived derive VBN 23626 399 8 from from IN 23626 399 9 the the DT 23626 399 10 Greek Greek NNP 23626 399 11 " " `` 23626 399 12 elektron elektron NNP 23626 399 13 , , , 23626 399 14 " " '' 23626 399 15 which which WDT 23626 399 16 was be VBD 23626 399 17 the the DT 23626 399 18 name name NN 23626 399 19 for for IN 23626 399 20 amber amber NNP 23626 399 21 , , , 23626 399 22 a a DT 23626 399 23 mineralised mineralised JJ 23626 399 24 resin resin NN 23626 399 25 of of IN 23626 399 26 extinct extinct JJ 23626 399 27 pine pine NN 23626 399 28 - - HYPH 23626 399 29 trees tree NNS 23626 399 30 . . . 23626 400 1 It -PRON- PRP 23626 400 2 was be VBD 23626 400 3 well well RB 23626 400 4 - - HYPH 23626 400 5 known know VBN 23626 400 6 to to IN 23626 400 7 the the DT 23626 400 8 people people NNS 23626 400 9 of of IN 23626 400 10 pre pre JJ 23626 400 11 - - JJ 23626 400 12 historic historic JJ 23626 400 13 times time NNS 23626 400 14 ; ; : 23626 400 15 later later RB 23626 400 16 to to IN 23626 400 17 the the DT 23626 400 18 early early JJ 23626 400 19 Egyptians Egyptians NNPS 23626 400 20 , , , 23626 400 21 and and CC 23626 400 22 , , , 23626 400 23 at at IN 23626 400 24 a a DT 23626 400 25 still still RB 23626 400 26 later later JJ 23626 400 27 date date NN 23626 400 28 , , , 23626 400 29 we -PRON- PRP 23626 400 30 have have VBP 23626 400 31 recorded record VBN 23626 400 32 how how WRB 23626 400 33 Thales thale NNS 23626 400 34 -- -- : 23626 400 35 the the DT 23626 400 36 Greek greek JJ 23626 400 37 philosopher philosopher NN 23626 400 38 , , , 23626 400 39 who who WP 23626 400 40 lived live VBD 23626 400 41 about about IN 23626 400 42 the the DT 23626 400 43 close close NN 23626 400 44 of of IN 23626 400 45 the the DT 23626 400 46 7th 7th JJ 23626 400 47 Century Century NNP 23626 400 48 B.C. B.C. NNP 23626 400 49 , , , 23626 400 50 and and CC 23626 400 51 was be VBD 23626 400 52 one one CD 23626 400 53 of of IN 23626 400 54 the the DT 23626 400 55 " " `` 23626 400 56 seven seven CD 23626 400 57 wise wise JJ 23626 400 58 men"--discovered men"--discovere VBD 23626 400 59 the the DT 23626 400 60 peculiar peculiar JJ 23626 400 61 property property NN 23626 400 62 which which WDT 23626 400 63 we -PRON- PRP 23626 400 64 call call VBP 23626 400 65 " " `` 23626 400 66 electricity electricity NN 23626 400 67 " " '' 23626 400 68 by by IN 23626 400 69 rubbing rub VBG 23626 400 70 dry dry JJ 23626 400 71 silk silk NN 23626 400 72 on on IN 23626 400 73 amber amber NN 23626 400 74 . . . 23626 401 1 Many many JJ 23626 401 2 stones stone NNS 23626 401 3 are be VBP 23626 401 4 capable capable JJ 23626 401 5 of of IN 23626 401 6 exhibiting exhibit VBG 23626 401 7 the the DT 23626 401 8 same same JJ 23626 401 9 phenomenon phenomenon NN 23626 401 10 , , , 23626 401 11 not not RB 23626 401 12 only only RB 23626 401 13 by by IN 23626 401 14 friction friction NN 23626 401 15 , , , 23626 401 16 as as IN 23626 401 17 in in IN 23626 401 18 Thales Thales NNP 23626 401 19 's 's POS 23626 401 20 experiment experiment NN 23626 401 21 , , , 23626 401 22 but but CC 23626 401 23 also also RB 23626 401 24 under under IN 23626 401 25 the the DT 23626 401 26 influence influence NN 23626 401 27 of of IN 23626 401 28 light light NN 23626 401 29 , , , 23626 401 30 heat heat NN 23626 401 31 , , , 23626 401 32 magnetism magnetism NN 23626 401 33 , , , 23626 401 34 chemical chemical NN 23626 401 35 action action NN 23626 401 36 , , , 23626 401 37 pressure pressure NN 23626 401 38 , , , 23626 401 39 etc etc FW 23626 401 40 . . FW 23626 401 41 , , , 23626 401 42 and and CC 23626 401 43 of of IN 23626 401 44 holding hold VBG 23626 401 45 or or CC 23626 401 46 retaining retain VBG 23626 401 47 this this DT 23626 401 48 induced induce VBN 23626 401 49 or or CC 23626 401 50 added add VBN 23626 401 51 power power NN 23626 401 52 for for IN 23626 401 53 a a DT 23626 401 54 long long JJ 23626 401 55 or or CC 23626 401 56 short short JJ 23626 401 57 period period NN 23626 401 58 , , , 23626 401 59 according accord VBG 23626 401 60 to to IN 23626 401 61 conditions condition NNS 23626 401 62 and and CC 23626 401 63 environment environment NN 23626 401 64 . . . 23626 402 1 If if IN 23626 402 2 a a DT 23626 402 3 small small JJ 23626 402 4 pith pith NNP 23626 402 5 ball ball NN 23626 402 6 is be VBZ 23626 402 7 suspended suspend VBN 23626 402 8 from from IN 23626 402 9 a a DT 23626 402 10 non non JJ 23626 402 11 - - JJ 23626 402 12 conducting conducting JJ 23626 402 13 support support NN 23626 402 14 , , , 23626 402 15 it -PRON- PRP 23626 402 16 forms form VBZ 23626 402 17 a a DT 23626 402 18 simple simple JJ 23626 402 19 and and CC 23626 402 20 ready ready JJ 23626 402 21 means mean NNS 23626 402 22 of of IN 23626 402 23 testing test VBG 23626 402 24 the the DT 23626 402 25 electricity electricity NN 23626 402 26 in in IN 23626 402 27 a a DT 23626 402 28 stone stone NN 23626 402 29 . . . 23626 403 1 According accord VBG 23626 403 2 to to IN 23626 403 3 whether whether IN 23626 403 4 the the DT 23626 403 5 ball ball NN 23626 403 6 is be VBZ 23626 403 7 repelled repel VBN 23626 403 8 or or CC 23626 403 9 attracted attract VBN 23626 403 10 , , , 23626 403 11 so so RB 23626 403 12 is be VBZ 23626 403 13 the the DT 23626 403 14 electricity electricity NN 23626 403 15 in in IN 23626 403 16 the the DT 23626 403 17 stone stone NN 23626 403 18 made make VBD 23626 403 19 evident evident JJ 23626 403 20 , , , 23626 403 21 though though IN 23626 403 22 the the DT 23626 403 23 electroscope electroscope NN 23626 403 24 gives give VBZ 23626 403 25 the the DT 23626 403 26 better well JJR 23626 403 27 results result NNS 23626 403 28 . . . 23626 404 1 By by IN 23626 404 2 either either DT 23626 404 3 of of IN 23626 404 4 these these DT 23626 404 5 methods method NNS 23626 404 6 it -PRON- PRP 23626 404 7 will will MD 23626 404 8 be be VB 23626 404 9 found find VBN 23626 404 10 that that IN 23626 404 11 some some DT 23626 404 12 of of IN 23626 404 13 the the DT 23626 404 14 stones stone NNS 23626 404 15 are be VBP 23626 404 16 more more RBR 23626 404 17 capable capable JJ 23626 404 18 of of IN 23626 404 19 giving give VBG 23626 404 20 and and CC 23626 404 21 receiving receive VBG 23626 404 22 charges charge NNS 23626 404 23 of of IN 23626 404 24 electricity electricity NN 23626 404 25 than than IN 23626 404 26 are be VBP 23626 404 27 others other NNS 23626 404 28 ; ; : 23626 404 29 also also RB 23626 404 30 that that IN 23626 404 31 some some DT 23626 404 32 are be VBP 23626 404 33 charged charge VBN 23626 404 34 throughout throughout IN 23626 404 35 with with IN 23626 404 36 one one CD 23626 404 37 kind kind RB 23626 404 38 only only RB 23626 404 39 , , , 23626 404 40 either either CC 23626 404 41 positive positive JJ 23626 404 42 or or CC 23626 404 43 negative negative JJ 23626 404 44 , , , 23626 404 45 whilst whilst IN 23626 404 46 others other NNS 23626 404 47 have have VBP 23626 404 48 both both DT 23626 404 49 , , , 23626 404 50 becoming become VBG 23626 404 51 polarised polarise VBN 23626 404 52 electrically electrically RB 23626 404 53 , , , 23626 404 54 having have VBG 23626 404 55 one one CD 23626 404 56 portion portion NN 23626 404 57 of of IN 23626 404 58 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 404 59 substance substance NN 23626 404 60 negative negative JJ 23626 404 61 , , , 23626 404 62 the the DT 23626 404 63 other other JJ 23626 404 64 positive positive JJ 23626 404 65 . . . 23626 405 1 For for IN 23626 405 2 instance instance NN 23626 405 3 , , , 23626 405 4 amber amber NNP 23626 405 5 , , , 23626 405 6 as as IN 23626 405 7 is be VBZ 23626 405 8 well well RB 23626 405 9 known know VBN 23626 405 10 , , , 23626 405 11 produces produce VBZ 23626 405 12 negative negative JJ 23626 405 13 electricity electricity NN 23626 405 14 under under IN 23626 405 15 the the DT 23626 405 16 influence influence NN 23626 405 17 of of IN 23626 405 18 friction friction NN 23626 405 19 , , , 23626 405 20 but but CC 23626 405 21 in in IN 23626 405 22 almost almost RB 23626 405 23 all all DT 23626 405 24 cut cut VBN 23626 405 25 stones stone NNS 23626 405 26 , , , 23626 405 27 other other JJ 23626 405 28 than than IN 23626 405 29 amber amber NNP 23626 405 30 , , , 23626 405 31 the the DT 23626 405 32 electricity electricity NN 23626 405 33 produced produce VBN 23626 405 34 by by IN 23626 405 35 the the DT 23626 405 36 same same JJ 23626 405 37 means means NN 23626 405 38 is be VBZ 23626 405 39 positive positive JJ 23626 405 40 , , , 23626 405 41 whereas whereas IN 23626 405 42 in in IN 23626 405 43 the the DT 23626 405 44 _ _ NNP 23626 405 45 uncut uncut JJ 23626 405 46 _ _ NNP 23626 405 47 stones stone VBZ 23626 405 48 the the DT 23626 405 49 electricity electricity NN 23626 405 50 is be VBZ 23626 405 51 negative negative JJ 23626 405 52 , , , 23626 405 53 with with IN 23626 405 54 the the DT 23626 405 55 exception exception NN 23626 405 56 of of IN 23626 405 57 the the DT 23626 405 58 diamond diamond NN 23626 405 59 , , , 23626 405 60 in in IN 23626 405 61 which which WDT 23626 405 62 the the DT 23626 405 63 electricity electricity NN 23626 405 64 is be VBZ 23626 405 65 positive positive JJ 23626 405 66 . . . 23626 406 1 When when WRB 23626 406 2 heated heat VBN 23626 406 3 , , , 23626 406 4 some some DT 23626 406 5 stones stone NNS 23626 406 6 lose lose VBP 23626 406 7 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 406 8 electricity electricity NN 23626 406 9 ; ; : 23626 406 10 others other NNS 23626 406 11 develop develop VBP 23626 406 12 it -PRON- PRP 23626 406 13 , , , 23626 406 14 others other NNS 23626 406 15 have have VBP 23626 406 16 it -PRON- PRP 23626 406 17 reversed reverse VBN 23626 406 18 , , , 23626 406 19 the the DT 23626 406 20 positive positive JJ 23626 406 21 becoming become VBG 23626 406 22 negative negative JJ 23626 406 23 and and CC 23626 406 24 vice vice NN 23626 406 25 versâ versâ NN 23626 406 26 ; ; : 23626 406 27 others other NNS 23626 406 28 again again RB 23626 406 29 , , , 23626 406 30 when when WRB 23626 406 31 heated heat VBN 23626 406 32 , , , 23626 406 33 become become VBN 23626 406 34 powerfully powerfully RB 23626 406 35 magnetic magnetic JJ 23626 406 36 and and CC 23626 406 37 assume assume VB 23626 406 38 strong strong JJ 23626 406 39 polarity polarity NN 23626 406 40 . . . 23626 407 1 When when WRB 23626 407 2 electricity electricity NN 23626 407 3 develops develop VBZ 23626 407 4 under under IN 23626 407 5 the the DT 23626 407 6 influence influence NN 23626 407 7 of of IN 23626 407 8 heat heat NN 23626 407 9 , , , 23626 407 10 or or CC 23626 407 11 is be VBZ 23626 407 12 in in IN 23626 407 13 any any DT 23626 407 14 way way NN 23626 407 15 connected connect VBN 23626 407 16 with with IN 23626 407 17 a a DT 23626 407 18 rising rise VBG 23626 407 19 or or CC 23626 407 20 falling fall VBG 23626 407 21 of of IN 23626 407 22 temperature temperature NN 23626 407 23 in in IN 23626 407 24 a a DT 23626 407 25 body body NN 23626 407 26 , , , 23626 407 27 it -PRON- PRP 23626 407 28 is be VBZ 23626 407 29 called call VBN 23626 407 30 " " `` 23626 407 31 pyro pyro NN 23626 407 32 - - HYPH 23626 407 33 electricity electricity NN 23626 407 34 , , , 23626 407 35 " " '' 23626 407 36 from from IN 23626 407 37 the the DT 23626 407 38 Greek greek JJ 23626 407 39 word word NN 23626 407 40 " " `` 23626 407 41 pyros pyro NNS 23626 407 42 , , , 23626 407 43 " " '' 23626 407 44 fire fire NN 23626 407 45 . . . 23626 408 1 The the DT 23626 408 2 phenomenon phenomenon NN 23626 408 3 was be VBD 23626 408 4 first first RB 23626 408 5 discovered discover VBN 23626 408 6 in in IN 23626 408 7 the the DT 23626 408 8 tourmaline tourmaline NN 23626 408 9 , , , 23626 408 10 and and CC 23626 408 11 it -PRON- PRP 23626 408 12 is be VBZ 23626 408 13 observed observe VBN 23626 408 14 , , , 23626 408 15 speaking speak VBG 23626 408 16 broadly broadly RB 23626 408 17 , , , 23626 408 18 only only RB 23626 408 19 in in IN 23626 408 20 those those DT 23626 408 21 minerals mineral NNS 23626 408 22 which which WDT 23626 408 23 are be VBP 23626 408 24 hemimorphic hemimorphic JJ 23626 408 25 , , , 23626 408 26 that that RB 23626 408 27 is is RB 23626 408 28 , , , 23626 408 29 where where WRB 23626 408 30 the the DT 23626 408 31 crystals crystal NNS 23626 408 32 have have VBP 23626 408 33 different different JJ 23626 408 34 planes plane NNS 23626 408 35 or or CC 23626 408 36 faces face NNS 23626 408 37 at at IN 23626 408 38 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 408 39 two two CD 23626 408 40 ends end NNS 23626 408 41 , , , 23626 408 42 examples example NNS 23626 408 43 of of IN 23626 408 44 which which WDT 23626 408 45 are be VBP 23626 408 46 seen see VBN 23626 408 47 in in IN 23626 408 48 such such JJ 23626 408 49 crystals crystal NNS 23626 408 50 as as IN 23626 408 51 those those DT 23626 408 52 of of IN 23626 408 53 axinite axinite JJ 23626 408 54 , , , 23626 408 55 boracite boracite JJ 23626 408 56 , , , 23626 408 57 smithsonite smithsonite NN 23626 408 58 , , , 23626 408 59 topaz topaz NN 23626 408 60 , , , 23626 408 61 etc etc FW 23626 408 62 . . FW 23626 408 63 , , , 23626 408 64 all all DT 23626 408 65 of of IN 23626 408 66 which which WDT 23626 408 67 are be VBP 23626 408 68 hemimorphic hemimorphic JJ 23626 408 69 . . . 23626 409 1 Taking take VBG 23626 409 2 the the DT 23626 409 3 tourmaline tourmaline NN 23626 409 4 as as IN 23626 409 5 an an DT 23626 409 6 example example NN 23626 409 7 of of IN 23626 409 8 the the DT 23626 409 9 pyro pyro NN 23626 409 10 - - HYPH 23626 409 11 electric electric JJ 23626 409 12 minerals mineral NNS 23626 409 13 , , , 23626 409 14 we -PRON- PRP 23626 409 15 find find VBP 23626 409 16 that that IN 23626 409 17 when when WRB 23626 409 18 this this DT 23626 409 19 is be VBZ 23626 409 20 heated heat VBN 23626 409 21 to to IN 23626 409 22 between between IN 23626 409 23 50 50 CD 23626 409 24 ° ° , 23626 409 25 F. F. NNP 23626 409 26 and and CC 23626 409 27 300 300 CD 23626 409 28 ° ° , 23626 409 29 F. F. NNP 23626 409 30 it -PRON- PRP 23626 409 31 assumes assume VBZ 23626 409 32 electric electric JJ 23626 409 33 polarity polarity NN 23626 409 34 , , , 23626 409 35 becoming become VBG 23626 409 36 electrified electrify VBN 23626 409 37 positively positively RB 23626 409 38 at at IN 23626 409 39 one one CD 23626 409 40 end end NN 23626 409 41 or or CC 23626 409 42 pole pole NN 23626 409 43 and and CC 23626 409 44 negatively negatively RB 23626 409 45 at at IN 23626 409 46 the the DT 23626 409 47 opposite opposite JJ 23626 409 48 pole pole NN 23626 409 49 . . . 23626 410 1 If if IN 23626 410 2 it -PRON- PRP 23626 410 3 is be VBZ 23626 410 4 suspended suspend VBN 23626 410 5 on on IN 23626 410 6 a a DT 23626 410 7 silken silken JJ 23626 410 8 thread thread NN 23626 410 9 from from IN 23626 410 10 a a DT 23626 410 11 glass glass NN 23626 410 12 rod rod NN 23626 410 13 or or CC 23626 410 14 other other JJ 23626 410 15 non non JJ 23626 410 16 - - JJ 23626 410 17 conducting conducting JJ 23626 410 18 support support NN 23626 410 19 in in IN 23626 410 20 a a DT 23626 410 21 similar similar JJ 23626 410 22 manner manner NN 23626 410 23 to to IN 23626 410 24 the the DT 23626 410 25 pith pith NNP 23626 410 26 ball ball NNP 23626 410 27 , , , 23626 410 28 the the DT 23626 410 29 tourmaline tourmaline NN 23626 410 30 will will MD 23626 410 31 be be VB 23626 410 32 found find VBN 23626 410 33 to to TO 23626 410 34 have have VB 23626 410 35 become become VBN 23626 410 36 an an DT 23626 410 37 excellent excellent JJ 23626 410 38 magnet magnet NN 23626 410 39 . . . 23626 411 1 By by IN 23626 411 2 testing test VBG 23626 411 3 this this DT 23626 411 4 continually continually RB 23626 411 5 as as IN 23626 411 6 it -PRON- PRP 23626 411 7 cools cool VBZ 23626 411 8 there there EX 23626 411 9 will will MD 23626 411 10 soon soon RB 23626 411 11 be be VB 23626 411 12 perceived perceive VBN 23626 411 13 a a DT 23626 411 14 point point NN 23626 411 15 which which WDT 23626 411 16 is be VBZ 23626 411 17 of of IN 23626 411 18 extreme extreme JJ 23626 411 19 delicacy delicacy NN 23626 411 20 of of IN 23626 411 21 temperature temperature NN 23626 411 22 , , , 23626 411 23 where where WRB 23626 411 24 the the DT 23626 411 25 magnetic magnetic JJ 23626 411 26 properties property NNS 23626 411 27 are be VBP 23626 411 28 almost almost RB 23626 411 29 in in IN 23626 411 30 abeyance abeyance NN 23626 411 31 . . . 23626 412 1 But but CC 23626 412 2 as as IN 23626 412 3 the the DT 23626 412 4 tourmaline tourmaline NN 23626 412 5 cools cool VBZ 23626 412 6 yet yet CC 23626 412 7 further far RBR 23626 412 8 , , , 23626 412 9 though though RB 23626 412 10 but but CC 23626 412 11 a a DT 23626 412 12 fraction fraction NN 23626 412 13 of of IN 23626 412 14 a a DT 23626 412 15 degree degree NN 23626 412 16 , , , 23626 412 17 the the DT 23626 412 18 magnetic magnetic JJ 23626 412 19 properties property NNS 23626 412 20 change change VBP 23626 412 21 ; ; : 23626 412 22 the the DT 23626 412 23 positive positive JJ 23626 412 24 pole pole NN 23626 412 25 becomes become VBZ 23626 412 26 the the DT 23626 412 27 negative negative JJ 23626 412 28 , , , 23626 412 29 the the DT 23626 412 30 negative negative JJ 23626 412 31 having have VBG 23626 412 32 changed change VBN 23626 412 33 to to IN 23626 412 34 the the DT 23626 412 35 positive positive JJ 23626 412 36 . . . 23626 413 1 It -PRON- PRP 23626 413 2 is be VBZ 23626 413 3 also also RB 23626 413 4 interesting interesting JJ 23626 413 5 to to TO 23626 413 6 note note VB 23626 413 7 that that IN 23626 413 8 if if IN 23626 413 9 the the DT 23626 413 10 tourmaline tourmaline NN 23626 413 11 is be VBZ 23626 413 12 not not RB 23626 413 13 warmed warm VBN 23626 413 14 so so RB 23626 413 15 high high RB 23626 413 16 as as IN 23626 413 17 to to TO 23626 413 18 reach reach VB 23626 413 19 a a DT 23626 413 20 temperature temperature NN 23626 413 21 of of IN 23626 413 22 50 50 CD 23626 413 23 ° ° , 23626 413 24 F. F. NNP 23626 413 25 , , , 23626 413 26 or or CC 23626 413 27 is be VBZ 23626 413 28 heated heat VBN 23626 413 29 so so RB 23626 413 30 strongly strongly RB 23626 413 31 as as IN 23626 413 32 to to TO 23626 413 33 exceed exceed VB 23626 413 34 more more JJR 23626 413 35 than than IN 23626 413 36 a a DT 23626 413 37 few few JJ 23626 413 38 degrees degree NNS 23626 413 39 above above IN 23626 413 40 300 300 CD 23626 413 41 ° ° , 23626 413 42 F. F. NNP 23626 413 43 , , , 23626 413 44 then then RB 23626 413 45 these these DT 23626 413 46 magnetic magnetic JJ 23626 413 47 properties property NNS 23626 413 48 do do VBP 23626 413 49 not not RB 23626 413 50 appear appear VB 23626 413 51 , , , 23626 413 52 as as IN 23626 413 53 no no DT 23626 413 54 polarity polarity NN 23626 413 55 is be VBZ 23626 413 56 present present JJ 23626 413 57 . . . 23626 414 1 This this DT 23626 414 2 polarity polarity NN 23626 414 3 , , , 23626 414 4 or or CC 23626 414 5 the the DT 23626 414 6 presence presence NN 23626 414 7 of of IN 23626 414 8 positive positive JJ 23626 414 9 and and CC 23626 414 10 negative negative JJ 23626 414 11 electricity electricity NN 23626 414 12 in in IN 23626 414 13 one one CD 23626 414 14 stone stone NN 23626 414 15 , , , 23626 414 16 may may MD 23626 414 17 be be VB 23626 414 18 strikingly strikingly RB 23626 414 19 illustrated illustrate VBN 23626 414 20 in in IN 23626 414 21 a a DT 23626 414 22 very very RB 23626 414 23 simple simple JJ 23626 414 24 manner:--If manner:--If NNP 23626 414 25 a a DT 23626 414 26 little little JJ 23626 414 27 sulphur sulphur NN 23626 414 28 and and CC 23626 414 29 red red JJ 23626 414 30 - - HYPH 23626 414 31 lead lead NN 23626 414 32 , , , 23626 414 33 both both CC 23626 414 34 in in IN 23626 414 35 fine fine JJ 23626 414 36 powder powder NN 23626 414 37 , , , 23626 414 38 are be VBP 23626 414 39 shaken shake VBN 23626 414 40 up up RP 23626 414 41 together together RB 23626 414 42 in in IN 23626 414 43 a a DT 23626 414 44 paper paper NN 23626 414 45 or or CC 23626 414 46 similar similar JJ 23626 414 47 bag bag NN 23626 414 48 , , , 23626 414 49 the the DT 23626 414 50 moderate moderate JJ 23626 414 51 friction friction NN 23626 414 52 of of IN 23626 414 53 particle particle NN 23626 414 54 against against IN 23626 414 55 particle particle NN 23626 414 56 electrifies electrifie NNS 23626 414 57 both both DT 23626 414 58 ; ; : 23626 414 59 one one CD 23626 414 60 negatively negatively RB 23626 414 61 , , , 23626 414 62 the the DT 23626 414 63 other other JJ 23626 414 64 positively positively RB 23626 414 65 . . . 23626 415 1 If if IN 23626 415 2 , , , 23626 415 3 then then RB 23626 415 4 , , , 23626 415 5 a a DT 23626 415 6 little little JJ 23626 415 7 of of IN 23626 415 8 this this DT 23626 415 9 now now RB 23626 415 10 golden golden JJ 23626 415 11 - - HYPH 23626 415 12 coloured coloured JJ 23626 415 13 mixture mixture NN 23626 415 14 is be VBZ 23626 415 15 gently gently RB 23626 415 16 dusted dust VBN 23626 415 17 over over IN 23626 415 18 the the DT 23626 415 19 surface surface NN 23626 415 20 of of IN 23626 415 21 the the DT 23626 415 22 tourmaline tourmaline NN 23626 415 23 or or CC 23626 415 24 other other JJ 23626 415 25 stone stone NN 23626 415 26 possessing possess VBG 23626 415 27 electric electric JJ 23626 415 28 polarity polarity NN 23626 415 29 , , , 23626 415 30 a a DT 23626 415 31 most most RBS 23626 415 32 interesting interesting JJ 23626 415 33 change change NN 23626 415 34 is be VBZ 23626 415 35 at at IN 23626 415 36 once once RB 23626 415 37 apparent apparent JJ 23626 415 38 . . . 23626 416 1 The the DT 23626 416 2 red red JJ 23626 416 3 - - HYPH 23626 416 4 lead lead NN 23626 416 5 separates separate VBZ 23626 416 6 itself -PRON- PRP 23626 416 7 from from IN 23626 416 8 the the DT 23626 416 9 sulphur sulphur NN 23626 416 10 and and CC 23626 416 11 adheres adhere VBZ 23626 416 12 to to IN 23626 416 13 the the DT 23626 416 14 negative negative JJ 23626 416 15 portion portion NN 23626 416 16 of of IN 23626 416 17 the the DT 23626 416 18 stone stone NN 23626 416 19 , , , 23626 416 20 whilst whilst IN 23626 416 21 the the DT 23626 416 22 separated separated JJ 23626 416 23 sulphur sulphur NN 23626 416 24 is be VBZ 23626 416 25 at at IN 23626 416 26 once once RB 23626 416 27 attracted attract VBN 23626 416 28 to to IN 23626 416 29 the the DT 23626 416 30 positive positive JJ 23626 416 31 end end NN 23626 416 32 , , , 23626 416 33 so so IN 23626 416 34 that that IN 23626 416 35 the the DT 23626 416 36 golden golden JJ 23626 416 37 - - HYPH 23626 416 38 coloured coloured JJ 23626 416 39 mixture mixture NN 23626 416 40 becomes become VBZ 23626 416 41 slowly slowly RB 23626 416 42 transformed transform VBN 23626 416 43 into into IN 23626 416 44 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 416 45 two two CD 23626 416 46 separate separate JJ 23626 416 47 components component NNS 23626 416 48 -- -- : 23626 416 49 the the DT 23626 416 50 brilliant brilliant JJ 23626 416 51 yellow yellow JJ 23626 416 52 sulphur sulphur NN 23626 416 53 , , , 23626 416 54 and and CC 23626 416 55 the the DT 23626 416 56 equally equally RB 23626 416 57 brilliant brilliant JJ 23626 416 58 red red JJ 23626 416 59 - - HYPH 23626 416 60 lead lead NN 23626 416 61 . . . 23626 417 1 These these DT 23626 417 2 particles particle NNS 23626 417 3 form form VBP 23626 417 4 in in IN 23626 417 5 lines line NNS 23626 417 6 and and CC 23626 417 7 waves wave NNS 23626 417 8 around around IN 23626 417 9 the the DT 23626 417 10 respective respective JJ 23626 417 11 poles pole NNS 23626 417 12 in in IN 23626 417 13 beautiful beautiful JJ 23626 417 14 symmetry symmetry NN 23626 417 15 , , , 23626 417 16 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 417 17 positions position NNS 23626 417 18 corresponding correspond VBG 23626 417 19 with with IN 23626 417 20 the the DT 23626 417 21 directions direction NNS 23626 417 22 of of IN 23626 417 23 the the DT 23626 417 24 lines line NNS 23626 417 25 of of IN 23626 417 26 magnetic magnetic JJ 23626 417 27 force force NN 23626 417 28 , , , 23626 417 29 exactly exactly RB 23626 417 30 as as IN 23626 417 31 will will MD 23626 417 32 iron iron VB 23626 417 33 filings filing NNS 23626 417 34 round round IN 23626 417 35 the the DT 23626 417 36 two two CD 23626 417 37 poles pole NNS 23626 417 38 of of IN 23626 417 39 a a DT 23626 417 40 magnet magnet NN 23626 417 41 . . . 23626 418 1 From from IN 23626 418 2 this this DT 23626 418 3 it -PRON- PRP 23626 418 4 will will MD 23626 418 5 clearly clearly RB 23626 418 6 be be VB 23626 418 7 seen see VBN 23626 418 8 how how WRB 23626 418 9 simple simple JJ 23626 418 10 a a DT 23626 418 11 matter matter NN 23626 418 12 it -PRON- PRP 23626 418 13 is be VBZ 23626 418 14 to to TO 23626 418 15 isolate isolate VB 23626 418 16 the the DT 23626 418 17 topaz topaz NN 23626 418 18 , , , 23626 418 19 tourmaline tourmaline NN 23626 418 20 , , , 23626 418 21 and and CC 23626 418 22 all all PDT 23626 418 23 the the DT 23626 418 24 pyro pyro NN 23626 418 25 - - HYPH 23626 418 26 electric electric JJ 23626 418 27 stones stone NNS 23626 418 28 from from IN 23626 418 29 the the DT 23626 418 30 non non JJ 23626 418 31 - - JJ 23626 418 32 pyro pyro JJ 23626 418 33 - - HYPH 23626 418 34 electric electric NNP 23626 418 35 , , , 23626 418 36 for for IN 23626 418 37 science science NN 23626 418 38 has have VBZ 23626 418 39 not not RB 23626 418 40 as as RB 23626 418 41 yet yet RB 23626 418 42 been be VBN 23626 418 43 able able JJ 23626 418 44 to to TO 23626 418 45 give give VB 23626 418 46 to to IN 23626 418 47 spurious spurious JJ 23626 418 48 stones stone NNS 23626 418 49 these these DT 23626 418 50 same same JJ 23626 418 51 electric electric JJ 23626 418 52 properties property NNS 23626 418 53 , , , 23626 418 54 however however RB 23626 418 55 excellent excellent JJ 23626 418 56 some some DT 23626 418 57 imitations imitation NNS 23626 418 58 may may MD 23626 418 59 be be VB 23626 418 60 in in IN 23626 418 61 other other JJ 23626 418 62 respects respect NNS 23626 418 63 . . . 23626 419 1 Further further RB 23626 419 2 , , , 23626 419 3 almost almost RB 23626 419 4 all all DT 23626 419 5 minerals mineral NNS 23626 419 6 lose lose VBP 23626 419 7 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 419 8 electricity electricity NN 23626 419 9 rapidly rapidly RB 23626 419 10 on on IN 23626 419 11 exposure exposure NN 23626 419 12 to to IN 23626 419 13 atmospheric atmospheric JJ 23626 419 14 influences influence NNS 23626 419 15 , , , 23626 419 16 even even RB 23626 419 17 to to TO 23626 419 18 dry dry VB 23626 419 19 air air NN 23626 419 20 ; ; : 23626 419 21 the the DT 23626 419 22 diamond diamond NN 23626 419 23 retains retain VBZ 23626 419 24 it -PRON- PRP 23626 419 25 somewhat somewhat RB 23626 419 26 longer long RBR 23626 419 27 than than IN 23626 419 28 most most JJS 23626 419 29 stones stone NNS 23626 419 30 , , , 23626 419 31 though though IN 23626 419 32 the the DT 23626 419 33 sapphire sapphire NN 23626 419 34 , , , 23626 419 35 topaz topaz NN 23626 419 36 , , , 23626 419 37 and and CC 23626 419 38 a a DT 23626 419 39 few few JJ 23626 419 40 others other NNS 23626 419 41 retain retain VBP 23626 419 42 it -PRON- PRP 23626 419 43 almost almost RB 23626 419 44 as as RB 23626 419 45 long long RB 23626 419 46 again again RB 23626 419 47 as as IN 23626 419 48 the the DT 23626 419 49 diamond diamond NN 23626 419 50 , , , 23626 419 51 and and CC 23626 419 52 these these DT 23626 419 53 electric electric JJ 23626 419 54 properties property NNS 23626 419 55 are be VBP 23626 419 56 some some DT 23626 419 57 of of IN 23626 419 58 the the DT 23626 419 59 tests test NNS 23626 419 60 which which WDT 23626 419 61 are be VBP 23626 419 62 used use VBN 23626 419 63 in in IN 23626 419 64 the the DT 23626 419 65 examination examination NN 23626 419 66 of of IN 23626 419 67 precious precious JJ 23626 419 68 stones stone NNS 23626 419 69 . . . 23626 420 1 Those those DT 23626 420 2 stones stone NNS 23626 420 3 which which WDT 23626 420 4 show show VBP 23626 420 5 electricity electricity NN 23626 420 6 on on IN 23626 420 7 the the DT 23626 420 8 application application NN 23626 420 9 of of IN 23626 420 10 pressure pressure NN 23626 420 11 are be VBP 23626 420 12 such such JJ 23626 420 13 as as IN 23626 420 14 the the DT 23626 420 15 fluorspar fluorspar NNP 23626 420 16 , , , 23626 420 17 calcite calcite NN 23626 420 18 , , , 23626 420 19 and and CC 23626 420 20 topaz topaz NN 23626 420 21 . . . 23626 421 1 With with IN 23626 421 2 regard regard NN 23626 421 3 to to IN 23626 421 4 magnetism magnetism NN 23626 421 5 , , , 23626 421 6 the the DT 23626 421 7 actual actual JJ 23626 421 8 cause cause NN 23626 421 9 of of IN 23626 421 10 this this DT 23626 421 11 is be VBZ 23626 421 12 not not RB 23626 421 13 yet yet RB 23626 421 14 known know VBN 23626 421 15 with with IN 23626 421 16 certainty certainty NN 23626 421 17 . . . 23626 422 1 It -PRON- PRP 23626 422 2 is be VBZ 23626 422 3 , , , 23626 422 4 of of IN 23626 422 5 course course NN 23626 422 6 , , , 23626 422 7 a a DT 23626 422 8 self self NN 23626 422 9 - - HYPH 23626 422 10 evident evident JJ 23626 422 11 fact fact NN 23626 422 12 that that IN 23626 422 13 the the DT 23626 422 14 magnetic magnetic JJ 23626 422 15 iron iron NN 23626 422 16 ore ore NN 23626 422 17 , , , 23626 422 18 which which WDT 23626 422 19 is be VBZ 23626 422 20 a a DT 23626 422 21 form form NN 23626 422 22 of of IN 23626 422 23 peroxide peroxide NN 23626 422 24 , , , 23626 422 25 commonly commonly RB 23626 422 26 known know VBN 23626 422 27 as as IN 23626 422 28 magnetite magnetite JJ 23626 422 29 , , , 23626 422 30 or or CC 23626 422 31 lodestone lodestone CD 23626 422 32 , , , 23626 422 33 has have VBZ 23626 422 34 the the DT 23626 422 35 power power NN 23626 422 36 of of IN 23626 422 37 attracting attract VBG 23626 422 38 a a DT 23626 422 39 magnet magnet NN 23626 422 40 when when WRB 23626 422 41 swinging swinge VBG 23626 422 42 free free JJ 23626 422 43 , , , 23626 422 44 or or CC 23626 422 45 of of IN 23626 422 46 being be VBG 23626 422 47 attracted attract VBN 23626 422 48 by by IN 23626 422 49 a a DT 23626 422 50 magnet magnet NN 23626 422 51 , , , 23626 422 52 to to TO 23626 422 53 account account VB 23626 422 54 for for IN 23626 422 55 which which WDT 23626 422 56 many many JJ 23626 422 57 plausible plausible JJ 23626 422 58 reasons reason NNS 23626 422 59 have have VBP 23626 422 60 been be VBN 23626 422 61 advanced advance VBN 23626 422 62 . . . 23626 423 1 Perhaps perhaps RB 23626 423 2 the the DT 23626 423 3 most most RBS 23626 423 4 reasonable reasonable JJ 23626 423 5 and and CC 23626 423 6 acceptable acceptable JJ 23626 423 7 of of IN 23626 423 8 these these DT 23626 423 9 is be VBZ 23626 423 10 that that IN 23626 423 11 this this DT 23626 423 12 material material NN 23626 423 13 contains contain VBZ 23626 423 14 molecules molecule NNS 23626 423 15 which which WDT 23626 423 16 have have VBP 23626 423 17 half half PDT 23626 423 18 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 423 19 substance substance NN 23626 423 20 positively positively RB 23626 423 21 and and CC 23626 423 22 the the DT 23626 423 23 other other JJ 23626 423 24 half half NN 23626 423 25 negatively negatively RB 23626 423 26 magnetised magnetise VBN 23626 423 27 . . . 23626 424 1 Substances substance NNS 23626 424 2 so so RB 23626 424 3 composed composed JJ 23626 424 4 , , , 23626 424 5 of of IN 23626 424 6 which which WDT 23626 424 7 magnets magnet NNS 23626 424 8 are be VBP 23626 424 9 an an DT 23626 424 10 example example NN 23626 424 11 , , , 23626 424 12 may may MD 23626 424 13 be be VB 23626 424 14 made make VBN 23626 424 15 the the DT 23626 424 16 means mean NNS 23626 424 17 of of IN 23626 424 18 magnetising magnetise VBG 23626 424 19 other other JJ 23626 424 20 substances substance NNS 23626 424 21 by by IN 23626 424 22 friction friction NN 23626 424 23 , , , 23626 424 24 without without IN 23626 424 25 they -PRON- PRP 23626 424 26 themselves -PRON- PRP 23626 424 27 suffering suffer VBG 23626 424 28 any any DT 23626 424 29 loss loss NN 23626 424 30 ; ; : 23626 424 31 but but CC 23626 424 32 it -PRON- PRP 23626 424 33 is be VBZ 23626 424 34 not not RB 23626 424 35 all all DT 23626 424 36 substances substance NNS 23626 424 37 that that WDT 23626 424 38 will will MD 23626 424 39 respond respond VB 23626 424 40 to to IN 23626 424 41 the the DT 23626 424 42 magnet magnet NN 23626 424 43 . . . 23626 425 1 For for IN 23626 425 2 instance instance NN 23626 425 3 , , , 23626 425 4 common common JJ 23626 425 5 iron iron NN 23626 425 6 pyrites pyrite NNS 23626 425 7 , , , 23626 425 8 FeS_{2 FeS_{2 NNP 23626 425 9 } } -RRB- 23626 425 10 , , , 23626 425 11 is be VBZ 23626 425 12 unresponsive unresponsive JJ 23626 425 13 , , , 23626 425 14 whilst whilst IN 23626 425 15 the the DT 23626 425 16 magnetic magnetic JJ 23626 425 17 pyrites pyrite NNS 23626 425 18 , , , 23626 425 19 which which WDT 23626 425 20 varies vary VBZ 23626 425 21 from from IN 23626 425 22 5FeS 5fes CD 23626 425 23 , , , 23626 425 24 Fe_{2}S_{3 fe_{2}s_{3 CD 23626 425 25 } } -RRB- 23626 425 26 , , , 23626 425 27 to to IN 23626 425 28 6FeS 6fes CD 23626 425 29 , , , 23626 425 30 Fe_{2}S_{3 fe_{2}s_{3 CD 23626 425 31 } } -RRB- 23626 425 32 , , , 23626 425 33 and and CC 23626 425 34 is be VBZ 23626 425 35 a a DT 23626 425 36 sulphide sulphide NN 23626 425 37 of of IN 23626 425 38 iron iron NN 23626 425 39 , , , 23626 425 40 is be VBZ 23626 425 41 responsive responsive JJ 23626 425 42 both both DT 23626 425 43 positively positively RB 23626 425 44 and and CC 23626 425 45 negatively negatively RB 23626 425 46 . . . 23626 426 1 Bismuth Bismuth NNP 23626 426 2 and and CC 23626 426 3 antimony antimony NNP 23626 426 4 also also RB 23626 426 5 are be VBP 23626 426 6 inactive inactive JJ 23626 426 7 , , , 23626 426 8 whilst whilst IN 23626 426 9 almost almost RB 23626 426 10 all all DT 23626 426 11 minerals mineral NNS 23626 426 12 containing contain VBG 23626 426 13 even even RB 23626 426 14 a a DT 23626 426 15 small small JJ 23626 426 16 percentage percentage NN 23626 426 17 of of IN 23626 426 18 iron iron NN 23626 426 19 will will MD 23626 426 20 deflect deflect VB 23626 426 21 the the DT 23626 426 22 magnetic magnetic JJ 23626 426 23 needle needle NN 23626 426 24 , , , 23626 426 25 at at IN 23626 426 26 least least JJS 23626 426 27 under under IN 23626 426 28 the the DT 23626 426 29 influence influence NN 23626 426 30 of of IN 23626 426 31 heat heat NN 23626 426 32 . . . 23626 427 1 So so IN 23626 427 2 that that IN 23626 427 3 from from IN 23626 427 4 the the DT 23626 427 5 lodestone lodestone NN 23626 427 6 -- -- : 23626 427 7 the the DT 23626 427 8 most most RBS 23626 427 9 powerfully powerfully RB 23626 427 10 magnetic magnetic JJ 23626 427 11 mineral mineral NN 23626 427 12 known know VBN 23626 427 13 -- -- : 23626 427 14 to to IN 23626 427 15 those those DT 23626 427 16 minerals mineral NNS 23626 427 17 possessing possess VBG 23626 427 18 no no DT 23626 427 19 magnetic magnetic JJ 23626 427 20 action action NN 23626 427 21 whatever whatever WDT 23626 427 22 , , , 23626 427 23 we -PRON- PRP 23626 427 24 have have VBP 23626 427 25 a a DT 23626 427 26 long long JJ 23626 427 27 , , , 23626 427 28 graduated graduate VBN 23626 427 29 scale scale NN 23626 427 30 , , , 23626 427 31 in in IN 23626 427 32 which which WDT 23626 427 33 many many JJ 23626 427 34 of of IN 23626 427 35 the the DT 23626 427 36 precious precious JJ 23626 427 37 stones stone NNS 23626 427 38 appear appear VBP 23626 427 39 , , , 23626 427 40 those those DT 23626 427 41 containing contain VBG 23626 427 42 iron iron NN 23626 427 43 in in IN 23626 427 44 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 427 45 composition composition NN 23626 427 46 being be VBG 23626 427 47 more more RBR 23626 427 48 or or CC 23626 427 49 less less RBR 23626 427 50 responsive responsive JJ 23626 427 51 , , , 23626 427 52 as as IN 23626 427 53 already already RB 23626 427 54 mentioned mention VBN 23626 427 55 , , , 23626 427 56 and and CC 23626 427 57 that that IN 23626 427 58 either either CC 23626 427 59 in in IN 23626 427 60 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 427 61 normal normal JJ 23626 427 62 state state NN 23626 427 63 , , , 23626 427 64 or or CC 23626 427 65 when when WRB 23626 427 66 heated heat VBN 23626 427 67 , , , 23626 427 68 and and CC 23626 427 69 always always RB 23626 427 70 to to IN 23626 427 71 an an DT 23626 427 72 extent extent NN 23626 427 73 depending depend VBG 23626 427 74 on on IN 23626 427 75 the the DT 23626 427 76 quantity quantity NN 23626 427 77 or or CC 23626 427 78 percentage percentage NN 23626 427 79 of of IN 23626 427 80 iron iron NN 23626 427 81 they -PRON- PRP 23626 427 82 contain contain VBP 23626 427 83 . . . 23626 428 1 In in IN 23626 428 2 this this DT 23626 428 3 case case NN 23626 428 4 , , , 23626 428 5 also also RB 23626 428 6 , , , 23626 428 7 science science NN 23626 428 8 has have VBZ 23626 428 9 not not RB 23626 428 10 as as RB 23626 428 11 yet yet RB 23626 428 12 been be VBN 23626 428 13 able able JJ 23626 428 14 to to TO 23626 428 15 introduce introduce VB 23626 428 16 into into IN 23626 428 17 an an DT 23626 428 18 artificial artificial JJ 23626 428 19 stone stone NN 23626 428 20 the the DT 23626 428 21 requisite requisite JJ 23626 428 22 quantity quantity NN 23626 428 23 of of IN 23626 428 24 iron iron NN 23626 428 25 to to TO 23626 428 26 bring bring VB 23626 428 27 it -PRON- PRP 23626 428 28 the the DT 23626 428 29 same same JJ 23626 428 30 analytically analytically RB 23626 428 31 as as IN 23626 428 32 the the DT 23626 428 33 gem gem NN 23626 428 34 it -PRON- PRP 23626 428 35 is be VBZ 23626 428 36 supposed suppose VBN 23626 428 37 to to TO 23626 428 38 represent represent VB 23626 428 39 , , , 23626 428 40 without without IN 23626 428 41 completely completely RB 23626 428 42 spoiling spoil VBG 23626 428 43 the the DT 23626 428 44 colour colour NN 23626 428 45 . . . 23626 429 1 So so RB 23626 429 2 that that IN 23626 429 3 the the DT 23626 429 4 behaviour behaviour NN 23626 429 5 of of IN 23626 429 6 a a DT 23626 429 7 stone stone NN 23626 429 8 in in IN 23626 429 9 the the DT 23626 429 10 presence presence NN 23626 429 11 of of IN 23626 429 12 a a DT 23626 429 13 magnet magnet NN 23626 429 14 , , , 23626 429 15 to to IN 23626 429 16 the the DT 23626 429 17 degree degree NN 23626 429 18 to to TO 23626 429 19 which which WDT 23626 429 20 it -PRON- PRP 23626 429 21 should should MD 23626 429 22 or or CC 23626 429 23 should should MD 23626 429 24 not not RB 23626 429 25 respond respond VB 23626 429 26 , , , 23626 429 27 is be VBZ 23626 429 28 one one CD 23626 429 29 of of IN 23626 429 30 the the DT 23626 429 31 important important JJ 23626 429 32 tests test NNS 23626 429 33 of of IN 23626 429 34 a a DT 23626 429 35 genuine genuine JJ 23626 429 36 stone stone NN 23626 429 37 . . . 23626 430 1 CHAPTER chapter NN 23626 430 2 XI XI NNP 23626 430 3 . . . 23626 431 1 THE the DT 23626 431 2 CUTTING cutting NN 23626 431 3 OF of IN 23626 431 4 PRECIOUS PRECIOUS NNP 23626 431 5 STONES STONES NNP 23626 431 6 . . . 23626 432 1 As as IN 23626 432 2 existing exist VBG 23626 432 3 in in IN 23626 432 4 a a DT 23626 432 5 state state NN 23626 432 6 of of IN 23626 432 7 nature nature NN 23626 432 8 precious precious JJ 23626 432 9 stones stone NNS 23626 432 10 do do VBP 23626 432 11 not not RB 23626 432 12 , , , 23626 432 13 as as IN 23626 432 14 a a DT 23626 432 15 rule rule NN 23626 432 16 , , , 23626 432 17 exhibit exhibit VB 23626 432 18 any any DT 23626 432 19 of of IN 23626 432 20 those those DT 23626 432 21 beautiful beautiful JJ 23626 432 22 and and CC 23626 432 23 wonderful wonderful JJ 23626 432 24 properties property NNS 23626 432 25 which which WDT 23626 432 26 cause cause VBP 23626 432 27 them -PRON- PRP 23626 432 28 to to TO 23626 432 29 be be VB 23626 432 30 so so RB 23626 432 31 admired admire VBN 23626 432 32 and and CC 23626 432 33 sought seek VBD 23626 432 34 after after IN 23626 432 35 as as IN 23626 432 36 to to TO 23626 432 37 become become VB 23626 432 38 of of IN 23626 432 39 great great JJ 23626 432 40 intrinsic intrinsic JJ 23626 432 41 value value NN 23626 432 42 , , , 23626 432 43 for for IN 23626 432 44 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 432 45 surfaces surface NNS 23626 432 46 have have VBP 23626 432 47 become become VBN 23626 432 48 clouded cloud VBN 23626 432 49 by by IN 23626 432 50 innumerable innumerable JJ 23626 432 51 fine fine JJ 23626 432 52 cuts cut NNS 23626 432 53 or or CC 23626 432 54 abrasions abrasion NNS 23626 432 55 , , , 23626 432 56 because because IN 23626 432 57 of of IN 23626 432 58 the the DT 23626 432 59 thousands thousand NNS 23626 432 60 of of IN 23626 432 61 years year NNS 23626 432 62 during during IN 23626 432 63 which which WDT 23626 432 64 they -PRON- PRP 23626 432 65 have have VBP 23626 432 66 been be VBN 23626 432 67 under under IN 23626 432 68 pressure pressure NN 23626 432 69 , , , 23626 432 70 or or CC 23626 432 71 tumbled tumble VBD 23626 432 72 about about IN 23626 432 73 in in IN 23626 432 74 rivers river NNS 23626 432 75 , , , 23626 432 76 or or CC 23626 432 77 subjected subject VBN 23626 432 78 to to IN 23626 432 79 the the DT 23626 432 80 incessant incessant JJ 23626 432 81 friction friction NN 23626 432 82 caused cause VBN 23626 432 83 by by IN 23626 432 84 surrounding surround VBG 23626 432 85 substances substance NNS 23626 432 86 . . . 23626 433 1 All all PDT 23626 433 2 this this DT 23626 433 3 occurring occur VBG 23626 433 4 above above RB 23626 433 5 and and CC 23626 433 6 under under IN 23626 433 7 ground ground NN 23626 433 8 has have VBZ 23626 433 9 given give VBN 23626 433 10 them -PRON- PRP 23626 433 11 an an DT 23626 433 12 appearance appearance NN 23626 433 13 altogether altogether RB 23626 433 14 different different JJ 23626 433 15 to to IN 23626 433 16 that that DT 23626 433 17 which which WDT 23626 433 18 follows follow VBZ 23626 433 19 cutting cut VBG 23626 433 20 and and CC 23626 433 21 polishing polishing NN 23626 433 22 . . . 23626 434 1 Further further RB 23626 434 2 , , , 23626 434 3 the the DT 23626 434 4 shape shape NN 23626 434 5 of of IN 23626 434 6 the the DT 23626 434 7 stone stone NN 23626 434 8 becomes become VBZ 23626 434 9 altered alter VBN 23626 434 10 by by IN 23626 434 11 the the DT 23626 434 12 same same JJ 23626 434 13 means mean NNS 23626 434 14 , , , 23626 434 15 and and CC 23626 434 16 just just RB 23626 434 17 as as IN 23626 434 18 Michael Michael NNP 23626 434 19 Angelo Angelo NNP 23626 434 20 's 's POS 23626 434 21 figure figure NN 23626 434 22 was be VBD 23626 434 23 already already RB 23626 434 24 in in IN 23626 434 25 the the DT 23626 434 26 marble marble NN 23626 434 27 , , , 23626 434 28 as as IN 23626 434 29 he -PRON- PRP 23626 434 30 facetiously facetiously RB 23626 434 31 said say VBD 23626 434 32 , , , 23626 434 33 and and CC 23626 434 34 all all DT 23626 434 35 he -PRON- PRP 23626 434 36 had have VBD 23626 434 37 to to TO 23626 434 38 do do VB 23626 434 39 was be VBD 23626 434 40 to to TO 23626 434 41 chip chip VB 23626 434 42 off off RP 23626 434 43 what what WP 23626 434 44 he -PRON- PRP 23626 434 45 did do VBD 23626 434 46 not not RB 23626 434 47 require require VB 23626 434 48 till till IN 23626 434 49 he -PRON- PRP 23626 434 50 came come VBD 23626 434 51 to to IN 23626 434 52 it -PRON- PRP 23626 434 53 , , , 23626 434 54 so so RB 23626 434 55 is be VBZ 23626 434 56 the the DT 23626 434 57 same same JJ 23626 434 58 process process NN 23626 434 59 of of IN 23626 434 60 cutting cut VBG 23626 434 61 and and CC 23626 434 62 polishing polish VBG 23626 434 63 necessary necessary JJ 23626 434 64 to to TO 23626 434 65 give give VB 23626 434 66 to to IN 23626 434 67 the the DT 23626 434 68 precious precious JJ 23626 434 69 stones stone NNS 23626 434 70 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 434 71 full full JJ 23626 434 72 value value NN 23626 434 73 , , , 23626 434 74 and and CC 23626 434 75 it -PRON- PRP 23626 434 76 is be VBZ 23626 434 77 the the DT 23626 434 78 manner manner NN 23626 434 79 in in IN 23626 434 80 which which WDT 23626 434 81 these these DT 23626 434 82 delicate delicate JJ 23626 434 83 and and CC 23626 434 84 difficult difficult JJ 23626 434 85 operations operation NNS 23626 434 86 are be VBP 23626 434 87 performed perform VBN 23626 434 88 that that WDT 23626 434 89 is be VBZ 23626 434 90 now now RB 23626 434 91 under under IN 23626 434 92 consideration consideration NN 23626 434 93 . . . 23626 435 1 Just just RB 23626 435 2 as as IN 23626 435 3 experience experience NN 23626 435 4 and and CC 23626 435 5 skill skill NN 23626 435 6 are be VBP 23626 435 7 essential essential JJ 23626 435 8 to to IN 23626 435 9 the the DT 23626 435 10 obtaining obtaining NN 23626 435 11 of of IN 23626 435 12 a a DT 23626 435 13 perfect perfect JJ 23626 435 14 figure figure NN 23626 435 15 from from IN 23626 435 16 the the DT 23626 435 17 block block NN 23626 435 18 of of IN 23626 435 19 marble marble NN 23626 435 20 , , , 23626 435 21 so so RB 23626 435 22 must must MD 23626 435 23 the the DT 23626 435 24 cutting cutting NN 23626 435 25 and and CC 23626 435 26 polishing polishing NN 23626 435 27 of of IN 23626 435 28 a a DT 23626 435 29 precious precious JJ 23626 435 30 stone stone NN 23626 435 31 call call NN 23626 435 32 for for IN 23626 435 33 the the DT 23626 435 34 greatest great JJS 23626 435 35 dexterity dexterity NN 23626 435 36 of of IN 23626 435 37 which which WDT 23626 435 38 a a DT 23626 435 39 workman workman NN 23626 435 40 is be VBZ 23626 435 41 capable capable JJ 23626 435 42 , , , 23626 435 43 experience experience NN 23626 435 44 and and CC 23626 435 45 skill skill NN 23626 435 46 so so RB 23626 435 47 great great JJ 23626 435 48 as as IN 23626 435 49 to to TO 23626 435 50 be be VB 23626 435 51 found find VBN 23626 435 52 only only RB 23626 435 53 in in IN 23626 435 54 the the DT 23626 435 55 expert expert NN 23626 435 56 , , , 23626 435 57 for for IN 23626 435 58 in in IN 23626 435 59 stones stone NNS 23626 435 60 of of IN 23626 435 61 great great JJ 23626 435 62 value value NN 23626 435 63 even even RB 23626 435 64 a a DT 23626 435 65 slight slight JJ 23626 435 66 mistake mistake NN 23626 435 67 in in IN 23626 435 68 the the DT 23626 435 69 shaping shaping NN 23626 435 70 and and CC 23626 435 71 cutting cutting NN 23626 435 72 would would MD 23626 435 73 probably probably RB 23626 435 74 not not RB 23626 435 75 only only RB 23626 435 76 be be VB 23626 435 77 wasteful wasteful JJ 23626 435 78 of of IN 23626 435 79 the the DT 23626 435 80 precious precious JJ 23626 435 81 material material NN 23626 435 82 , , , 23626 435 83 but but CC 23626 435 84 would would MD 23626 435 85 utterly utterly RB 23626 435 86 spoil spoil VB 23626 435 87 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 435 88 beauty beauty NN 23626 435 89 , , , 23626 435 90 causing cause VBG 23626 435 91 incalculable incalculable JJ 23626 435 92 loss loss NN 23626 435 93 , , , 23626 435 94 and and CC 23626 435 95 destroying destroy VBG 23626 435 96 altogether altogether RB 23626 435 97 the the DT 23626 435 98 refrangibility refrangibility NN 23626 435 99 , , , 23626 435 100 lustre lustre NNP 23626 435 101 and and CC 23626 435 102 colour colour NN 23626 435 103 of of IN 23626 435 104 the the DT 23626 435 105 stone stone NN 23626 435 106 , , , 23626 435 107 thus thus RB 23626 435 108 rendering render VBG 23626 435 109 it -PRON- PRP 23626 435 110 liable liable JJ 23626 435 111 to to IN 23626 435 112 easy easy JJ 23626 435 113 fracture fracture NN 23626 435 114 : : : 23626 435 115 in in IN 23626 435 116 every every DT 23626 435 117 sense sense NN 23626 435 118 converting convert VBG 23626 435 119 what what WP 23626 435 120 would would MD 23626 435 121 have have VB 23626 435 122 been be VBN 23626 435 123 a a DT 23626 435 124 rare rare JJ 23626 435 125 and and CC 23626 435 126 magnificent magnificent JJ 23626 435 127 jewel jewel NN 23626 435 128 to to IN 23626 435 129 a a DT 23626 435 130 comparatively comparatively RB 23626 435 131 valueless valueless JJ 23626 435 132 specimen speciman NNS 23626 435 133 . . . 23626 436 1 One one CD 23626 436 2 of of IN 23626 436 3 the the DT 23626 436 4 chief chief JJ 23626 436 5 services service NNS 23626 436 6 rendered render VBN 23626 436 7 by by IN 23626 436 8 precious precious JJ 23626 436 9 stones stone NNS 23626 436 10 is be VBZ 23626 436 11 that that IN 23626 436 12 they -PRON- PRP 23626 436 13 may may MD 23626 436 14 be be VB 23626 436 15 employed employ VBN 23626 436 16 as as IN 23626 436 17 objects object NNS 23626 436 18 of of IN 23626 436 19 adornment adornment NN 23626 436 20 , , , 23626 436 21 therefore therefore RB 23626 436 22 , , , 23626 436 23 the the DT 23626 436 24 stone stone NN 23626 436 25 must must MD 23626 436 26 be be VB 23626 436 27 cut cut VBN 23626 436 28 of of IN 23626 436 29 such such PDT 23626 436 30 a a DT 23626 436 31 shape shape NN 23626 436 32 as as IN 23626 436 33 will will MD 23626 436 34 allow allow VB 23626 436 35 of of IN 23626 436 36 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 436 37 being be VBG 23626 436 38 set set VBN 23626 436 39 without without IN 23626 436 40 falling fall VBG 23626 436 41 out out IN 23626 436 42 of of IN 23626 436 43 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 436 44 fastening fastening NN 23626 436 45 -- -- : 23626 436 46 not not RB 23626 436 47 too too RB 23626 436 48 shallow shallow JJ 23626 436 49 or or CC 23626 436 50 thin thin JJ 23626 436 51 , , , 23626 436 52 to to TO 23626 436 53 make make VB 23626 436 54 it -PRON- PRP 23626 436 55 unserviceable unserviceable JJ 23626 436 56 and and CC 23626 436 57 liable liable JJ 23626 436 58 to to TO 23626 436 59 fracture fracture VB 23626 436 60 , , , 23626 436 61 and and CC 23626 436 62 in in IN 23626 436 63 the the DT 23626 436 64 case case NN 23626 436 65 of of IN 23626 436 66 a a DT 23626 436 67 transparent transparent JJ 23626 436 68 stone stone NN 23626 436 69 , , , 23626 436 70 not not RB 23626 436 71 too too RB 23626 436 72 deep deep JJ 23626 436 73 for for IN 23626 436 74 the the DT 23626 436 75 light light NN 23626 436 76 to to TO 23626 436 77 penetrate penetrate VB 23626 436 78 , , , 23626 436 79 or or CC 23626 436 80 much much JJ 23626 436 81 colour colour NN 23626 436 82 and and CC 23626 436 83 beauty beauty NN 23626 436 84 will will MD 23626 436 85 be be VB 23626 436 86 lost lose VBN 23626 436 87 . . . 23626 437 1 Again again RB 23626 437 2 , , , 23626 437 3 very very RB 23626 437 4 few few JJ 23626 437 5 stones stone NNS 23626 437 6 are be VBP 23626 437 7 flawless flawless JJ 23626 437 8 , , , 23626 437 9 and and CC 23626 437 10 the the DT 23626 437 11 position position NN 23626 437 12 in in IN 23626 437 13 which which WDT 23626 437 14 the the DT 23626 437 15 flaw flaw NN 23626 437 16 or or CC 23626 437 17 flaws flaw NNS 23626 437 18 appear appear VBP 23626 437 19 will will MD 23626 437 20 , , , 23626 437 21 to to IN 23626 437 22 a a DT 23626 437 23 great great JJ 23626 437 24 extent extent NN 23626 437 25 , , , 23626 437 26 regulate regulate VB 23626 437 27 the the DT 23626 437 28 shape shape NN 23626 437 29 of of IN 23626 437 30 the the DT 23626 437 31 stones stone NNS 23626 437 32 , , , 23626 437 33 for for IN 23626 437 34 there there EX 23626 437 35 are be VBP 23626 437 36 some some DT 23626 437 37 positions position NNS 23626 437 38 in in IN 23626 437 39 which which WDT 23626 437 40 a a DT 23626 437 41 slight slight JJ 23626 437 42 flaw flaw NN 23626 437 43 would would MD 23626 437 44 be be VB 23626 437 45 of of IN 23626 437 46 small small JJ 23626 437 47 detriment detriment NN 23626 437 48 , , , 23626 437 49 because because IN 23626 437 50 they -PRON- PRP 23626 437 51 would would MD 23626 437 52 take take VB 23626 437 53 little little JJ 23626 437 54 or or CC 23626 437 55 no no DT 23626 437 56 reflection reflection NN 23626 437 57 , , , 23626 437 58 whilst whilst IN 23626 437 59 in in IN 23626 437 60 others other NNS 23626 437 61 , , , 23626 437 62 where where WRB 23626 437 63 the the DT 23626 437 64 reflections reflection NNS 23626 437 65 go go VBP 23626 437 66 back back RB 23626 437 67 and and CC 23626 437 68 forth forth RB 23626 437 69 from from IN 23626 437 70 facet facet NNP 23626 437 71 to to IN 23626 437 72 facet facet NNP 23626 437 73 throughout throughout IN 23626 437 74 the the DT 23626 437 75 stone stone NN 23626 437 76 , , , 23626 437 77 a a DT 23626 437 78 flaw flaw NN 23626 437 79 would would MD 23626 437 80 be be VB 23626 437 81 magnified magnify VBN 23626 437 82 times time NNS 23626 437 83 without without IN 23626 437 84 number number NN 23626 437 85 , , , 23626 437 86 and and CC 23626 437 87 the the DT 23626 437 88 value value NN 23626 437 89 of of IN 23626 437 90 the the DT 23626 437 91 stone stone NN 23626 437 92 greatly greatly RB 23626 437 93 reduced reduce VBD 23626 437 94 . . . 23626 438 1 It -PRON- PRP 23626 438 2 is be VBZ 23626 438 3 therefore therefore RB 23626 438 4 essential essential JJ 23626 438 5 that that IN 23626 438 6 a a DT 23626 438 7 flaw flaw NN 23626 438 8 should should MD 23626 438 9 be be VB 23626 438 10 removed remove VBN 23626 438 11 whenever whenever WRB 23626 438 12 possible possible JJ 23626 438 13 , , , 23626 438 14 but but CC 23626 438 15 , , , 23626 438 16 when when WRB 23626 438 17 this this DT 23626 438 18 is be VBZ 23626 438 19 not not RB 23626 438 20 practicable practicable JJ 23626 438 21 , , , 23626 438 22 the the DT 23626 438 23 expert expert NN 23626 438 24 will will MD 23626 438 25 cut cut VB 23626 438 26 the the DT 23626 438 27 stone stone NN 23626 438 28 into into IN 23626 438 29 such such PDT 23626 438 30 a a DT 23626 438 31 shape shape NN 23626 438 32 as as IN 23626 438 33 will will MD 23626 438 34 bring bring VB 23626 438 35 the the DT 23626 438 36 defect defect NN 23626 438 37 into into IN 23626 438 38 the the DT 23626 438 39 least least JJS 23626 438 40 important important JJ 23626 438 41 part part NN 23626 438 42 of of IN 23626 438 43 the the DT 23626 438 44 finished finished JJ 23626 438 45 gem gem NN 23626 438 46 , , , 23626 438 47 or or CC 23626 438 48 probably probably RB 23626 438 49 sacrifice sacrifice VB 23626 438 50 the the DT 23626 438 51 size size NN 23626 438 52 and and CC 23626 438 53 weight weight NN 23626 438 54 of of IN 23626 438 55 the the DT 23626 438 56 original original JJ 23626 438 57 stone stone NN 23626 438 58 by by IN 23626 438 59 cutting cut VBG 23626 438 60 it -PRON- PRP 23626 438 61 in in IN 23626 438 62 two two CD 23626 438 63 or or CC 23626 438 64 more more JJR 23626 438 65 pieces piece NNS 23626 438 66 of of IN 23626 438 67 such such PDT 23626 438 68 a a DT 23626 438 69 shape shape NN 23626 438 70 that that IN 23626 438 71 the the DT 23626 438 72 cutting cutting NN 23626 438 73 and and CC 23626 438 74 polishing polishing NN 23626 438 75 will will MD 23626 438 76 obliterate obliterate VB 23626 438 77 the the DT 23626 438 78 defective defective JJ 23626 438 79 portions portion NNS 23626 438 80 . . . 23626 439 1 Such such PDT 23626 439 2 a a DT 23626 439 3 method method NN 23626 439 4 was be VBD 23626 439 5 adopted adopt VBN 23626 439 6 with with IN 23626 439 7 the the DT 23626 439 8 great great JJ 23626 439 9 Cullinan Cullinan NNP 23626 439 10 diamond diamond NN 23626 439 11 , , , 23626 439 12 as as IN 23626 439 13 described describe VBN 23626 439 14 in in IN 23626 439 15 Chapter Chapter NNP 23626 439 16 IV IV NNP 23626 439 17 . . . 23626 440 1 From from IN 23626 440 2 this this DT 23626 440 3 remarkable remarkable JJ 23626 440 4 diamond diamond NN 23626 440 5 a a DT 23626 440 6 great great JJ 23626 440 7 number number NN 23626 440 8 of of IN 23626 440 9 magnificent magnificent JJ 23626 440 10 stones stone NNS 23626 440 11 were be VBD 23626 440 12 obtained obtain VBN 23626 440 13 , , , 23626 440 14 the the DT 23626 440 15 two two CD 23626 440 16 chief chief NN 23626 440 17 being be VBG 23626 440 18 the the DT 23626 440 19 largest large JJS 23626 440 20 and and CC 23626 440 21 heaviest heavy JJS 23626 440 22 at at IN 23626 440 23 present present NN 23626 440 24 known know VBN 23626 440 25 . . . 23626 441 1 Some some DT 23626 441 2 idea idea NN 23626 441 3 of of IN 23626 441 4 the the DT 23626 441 5 size size NN 23626 441 6 of of IN 23626 441 7 the the DT 23626 441 8 original original JJ 23626 441 9 stone stone NN 23626 441 10 may may MD 23626 441 11 be be VB 23626 441 12 gathered gather VBN 23626 441 13 from from IN 23626 441 14 the the DT 23626 441 15 fact fact NN 23626 441 16 that that IN 23626 441 17 the the DT 23626 441 18 traditional traditional JJ 23626 441 19 Indian indian JJ 23626 441 20 diamond diamond NN 23626 441 21 , , , 23626 441 22 the the DT 23626 441 23 " " `` 23626 441 24 Great Great NNP 23626 441 25 Mogul Mogul NNP 23626 441 26 , , , 23626 441 27 " " '' 23626 441 28 is be VBZ 23626 441 29 said say VBN 23626 441 30 to to TO 23626 441 31 have have VB 23626 441 32 weighed weigh VBN 23626 441 33 280 280 CD 23626 441 34 carats carat NNS 23626 441 35 . . . 23626 442 1 This this DT 23626 442 2 stone stone NN 23626 442 3 , , , 23626 442 4 however however RB 23626 442 5 , , , 23626 442 6 is be VBZ 23626 442 7 lost lose VBN 23626 442 8 , , , 23626 442 9 and and CC 23626 442 10 some some DT 23626 442 11 experts expert NNS 23626 442 12 believe believe VBP 23626 442 13 that that IN 23626 442 14 it -PRON- PRP 23626 442 15 was be VBD 23626 442 16 divided divide VBN 23626 442 17 , , , 23626 442 18 part part NN 23626 442 19 of of IN 23626 442 20 it -PRON- PRP 23626 442 21 forming form VBG 23626 442 22 the the DT 23626 442 23 present present JJ 23626 442 24 famous famous JJ 23626 442 25 Koh Koh NNP 23626 442 26 - - HYPH 23626 442 27 i i NNP 23626 442 28 - - HYPH 23626 442 29 nûr nûr NNP 23626 442 30 ; ; : 23626 442 31 at at IN 23626 442 32 any any DT 23626 442 33 rate rate NN 23626 442 34 , , , 23626 442 35 all all DT 23626 442 36 trace trace NN 23626 442 37 of of IN 23626 442 38 the the DT 23626 442 39 Great Great NNP 23626 442 40 Mogul Mogul NNP 23626 442 41 ceased cease VBD 23626 442 42 with with IN 23626 442 43 the the DT 23626 442 44 looting looting NN 23626 442 45 of of IN 23626 442 46 Delhi Delhi NNP 23626 442 47 in in IN 23626 442 48 1739 1739 CD 23626 442 49 . . . 23626 443 1 The the DT 23626 443 2 Koh Koh NNP 23626 443 3 - - HYPH 23626 443 4 i i NNP 23626 443 5 - - HYPH 23626 443 6 nûr nûr NN 23626 443 7 weighs weigh VBZ 23626 443 8 a a DT 23626 443 9 little little JJ 23626 443 10 over over IN 23626 443 11 106 106 CD 23626 443 12 carats carat NNS 23626 443 13 ; ; : 23626 443 14 before before IN 23626 443 15 cutting cut VBG 23626 443 16 it -PRON- PRP 23626 443 17 weighed weigh VBD 23626 443 18 a a DT 23626 443 19 shade shade NN 23626 443 20 over over IN 23626 443 21 186 186 CD 23626 443 22 ; ; : 23626 443 23 the the DT 23626 443 24 Cullinan Cullinan NNP 23626 443 25 , , , 23626 443 26 in in IN 23626 443 27 the the DT 23626 443 28 same same JJ 23626 443 29 state state NN 23626 443 30 , , , 23626 443 31 weighed weigh VBD 23626 443 32 nearly nearly RB 23626 443 33 3254 3254 CD 23626 443 34 carats carat NNS 23626 443 35 . . . 23626 444 1 This this DT 23626 444 2 massive massive JJ 23626 444 3 diamond diamond NN 23626 444 4 was be VBD 23626 444 5 cut cut VBN 23626 444 6 into into IN 23626 444 7 about about RB 23626 444 8 200 200 CD 23626 444 9 stones stone NNS 23626 444 10 , , , 23626 444 11 the the DT 23626 444 12 largest large JJS 23626 444 13 , , , 23626 444 14 now now RB 23626 444 15 placed place VBN 23626 444 16 in in IN 23626 444 17 " " `` 23626 444 18 The the DT 23626 444 19 Royal Royal NNP 23626 444 20 Sceptre Sceptre NNP 23626 444 21 with with IN 23626 444 22 the the DT 23626 444 23 Cross Cross NNP 23626 444 24 , , , 23626 444 25 " " '' 23626 444 26 weighing weigh VBG 23626 444 27 516 516 CD 23626 444 28 - - HYPH 23626 444 29 1/2 1/2 CD 23626 444 30 carats carat NNS 23626 444 31 , , , 23626 444 32 the the DT 23626 444 33 second second JJ 23626 444 34 , , , 23626 444 35 now now RB 23626 444 36 placed place VBN 23626 444 37 under under IN 23626 444 38 the the DT 23626 444 39 historic historic JJ 23626 444 40 ruby ruby NN 23626 444 41 in in IN 23626 444 42 " " `` 23626 444 43 The the DT 23626 444 44 Imperial Imperial NNP 23626 444 45 State State NNP 23626 444 46 Crown Crown NNP 23626 444 47 , , , 23626 444 48 " " '' 23626 444 49 weighing weigh VBG 23626 444 50 309 309 CD 23626 444 51 - - HYPH 23626 444 52 3/16ths 3/16th NNS 23626 444 53 carats carat NNS 23626 444 54 . . . 23626 445 1 These these DT 23626 445 2 two two CD 23626 445 3 diamonds diamond NNS 23626 445 4 are be VBP 23626 445 5 now now RB 23626 445 6 called call VBN 23626 445 7 " " `` 23626 445 8 The the DT 23626 445 9 Stars Stars NNPS 23626 445 10 of of IN 23626 445 11 Africa Africa NNP 23626 445 12 . . . 23626 445 13 " " '' 23626 446 1 Both both DT 23626 446 2 these these DT 23626 446 3 stones stone NNS 23626 446 4 , , , 23626 446 5 but but CC 23626 446 6 especially especially RB 23626 446 7 the the DT 23626 446 8 larger large JJR 23626 446 9 , , , 23626 446 10 completely completely RB 23626 446 11 overshadow overshadow VBZ 23626 446 12 the the DT 23626 446 13 notorious notorious JJ 23626 446 14 Koh Koh NNP 23626 446 15 - - HYPH 23626 446 16 i i NNP 23626 446 17 - - HYPH 23626 446 18 nûr nûr NNP 23626 446 19 , , , 23626 446 20 and and CC 23626 446 21 notwithstanding notwithstanding IN 23626 446 22 the the DT 23626 446 23 flaw flaw NN 23626 446 24 which which WDT 23626 446 25 appeared appear VBD 23626 446 26 in in IN 23626 446 27 the the DT 23626 446 28 original original JJ 23626 446 29 stone stone NN 23626 446 30 , , , 23626 446 31 every every DT 23626 446 32 one one CD 23626 446 33 of of IN 23626 446 34 the the DT 23626 446 35 resulting result VBG 23626 446 36 pieces piece NNS 23626 446 37 , , , 23626 446 38 irrespective irrespective RB 23626 446 39 of of IN 23626 446 40 weight weight NN 23626 446 41 , , , 23626 446 42 is be VBZ 23626 446 43 without without IN 23626 446 44 the the DT 23626 446 45 slightest slight JJS 23626 446 46 blemish blemish NN 23626 446 47 and and CC 23626 446 48 of of IN 23626 446 49 the the DT 23626 446 50 finest fine JJS 23626 446 51 colour colour NN 23626 446 52 ever ever RB 23626 446 53 known know VBN 23626 446 54 , , , 23626 446 55 for for IN 23626 446 56 the the DT 23626 446 57 great great JJ 23626 446 58 South south JJ 23626 446 59 African african JJ 23626 446 60 diamond diamond NN 23626 446 61 is be VBZ 23626 446 62 of of IN 23626 446 63 a a DT 23626 446 64 quality quality NN 23626 446 65 never never RB 23626 446 66 even even RB 23626 446 67 approached approach VBN 23626 446 68 by by IN 23626 446 69 any any DT 23626 446 70 existing exist VBG 23626 446 71 stone stone NN 23626 446 72 , , , 23626 446 73 being be VBG 23626 446 74 ideally ideally RB 23626 446 75 perfect perfect JJ 23626 446 76 . . . 23626 447 1 It -PRON- PRP 23626 447 2 requires require VBZ 23626 447 3 a a DT 23626 447 4 somewhat somewhat RB 23626 447 5 elaborate elaborate JJ 23626 447 6 explanation explanation NN 23626 447 7 to to TO 23626 447 8 make make VB 23626 447 9 clear clear JJ 23626 447 10 the the DT 23626 447 11 various various JJ 23626 447 12 styles style NNS 23626 447 13 of of IN 23626 447 14 cut cut NN 23626 447 15 without without IN 23626 447 16 illustrations illustration NNS 23626 447 17 . . . 23626 448 1 They -PRON- PRP 23626 448 2 are be VBP 23626 448 3 usually usually RB 23626 448 4 divided divide VBN 23626 448 5 into into IN 23626 448 6 two two CD 23626 448 7 groups group NNS 23626 448 8 , , , 23626 448 9 with with IN 23626 448 10 curved curved JJ 23626 448 11 , , , 23626 448 12 and and CC 23626 448 13 with with IN 23626 448 14 flat flat JJ 23626 448 15 or or CC 23626 448 16 plane plane NN 23626 448 17 surfaces surface NNS 23626 448 18 . . . 23626 449 1 Of of IN 23626 449 2 the the DT 23626 449 3 first first JJ 23626 449 4 , , , 23626 449 5 the the DT 23626 449 6 curved curved JJ 23626 449 7 surfaces surface NNS 23626 449 8 , , , 23626 449 9 opaque opaque NN 23626 449 10 and and CC 23626 449 11 translucent translucent JJ 23626 449 12 stones stone NNS 23626 449 13 , , , 23626 449 14 such such JJ 23626 449 15 as as IN 23626 449 16 the the DT 23626 449 17 moonstone moonstone NN 23626 449 18 , , , 23626 449 19 cat's cat's NN 23626 449 20 - - HYPH 23626 449 21 eye eye NN 23626 449 22 , , , 23626 449 23 etc etc FW 23626 449 24 . . FW 23626 449 25 , , , 23626 449 26 are be VBP 23626 449 27 mostly mostly RB 23626 449 28 cut cut VBN 23626 449 29 _ _ NNP 23626 449 30 en en IN 23626 449 31 cabochon cabochon NNP 23626 449 32 _ _ NNP 23626 449 33 , , , 23626 449 34 that that RB 23626 449 35 is is RB 23626 449 36 , , , 23626 449 37 dome dome NN 23626 449 38 - - HYPH 23626 449 39 shaped shaped JJ 23626 449 40 or or CC 23626 449 41 semi semi JJ 23626 449 42 - - JJ 23626 449 43 circular circular JJ 23626 449 44 at at IN 23626 449 45 the the DT 23626 449 46 top top JJ 23626 449 47 , , , 23626 449 48 flat flat JJ 23626 449 49 on on IN 23626 449 50 the the DT 23626 449 51 underside underside NN 23626 449 52 , , , 23626 449 53 and and CC 23626 449 54 when when WRB 23626 449 55 the the DT 23626 449 56 garnet garnet NN 23626 449 57 is be VBZ 23626 449 58 so so RB 23626 449 59 cut cut VBN 23626 449 60 it -PRON- PRP 23626 449 61 is be VBZ 23626 449 62 called call VBN 23626 449 63 a a DT 23626 449 64 carbuncle carbuncle NN 23626 449 65 . . . 23626 450 1 In in IN 23626 450 2 strongly strongly RB 23626 450 3 coloured colour VBN 23626 450 4 stones stone NNS 23626 450 5 , , , 23626 450 6 while while IN 23626 450 7 the the DT 23626 450 8 upper upper JJ 23626 450 9 surface surface NN 23626 450 10 is be VBZ 23626 450 11 semi semi JJ 23626 450 12 - - JJ 23626 450 13 circular circular JJ 23626 450 14 like like IN 23626 450 15 the the DT 23626 450 16 cabochon cabochon NN 23626 450 17 , , , 23626 450 18 the the DT 23626 450 19 under under JJ 23626 450 20 surface surface NN 23626 450 21 is be VBZ 23626 450 22 more more RBR 23626 450 23 or or CC 23626 450 24 less less RBR 23626 450 25 deeply deeply RB 23626 450 26 concave concave JJ 23626 450 27 , , , 23626 450 28 sometimes sometimes RB 23626 450 29 following follow VBG 23626 450 30 the the DT 23626 450 31 curve curve NN 23626 450 32 of of IN 23626 450 33 the the DT 23626 450 34 upper upper JJ 23626 450 35 surface surface NN 23626 450 36 , , , 23626 450 37 the the DT 23626 450 38 thickness thickness NN 23626 450 39 of of IN 23626 450 40 the the DT 23626 450 41 stone stone NN 23626 450 42 being be VBG 23626 450 43 in in IN 23626 450 44 that that DT 23626 450 45 case case NN 23626 450 46 almost almost RB 23626 450 47 parallel parallel JJ 23626 450 48 throughout throughout IN 23626 450 49 . . . 23626 451 1 This this DT 23626 451 2 is be VBZ 23626 451 3 called call VBN 23626 451 4 the the DT 23626 451 5 " " `` 23626 451 6 hollow hollow JJ 23626 451 7 " " '' 23626 451 8 cabochon cabochon NN 23626 451 9 . . . 23626 452 1 Other other JJ 23626 452 2 stones stone NNS 23626 452 3 are be VBP 23626 452 4 cut cut VBN 23626 452 5 so so IN 23626 452 6 that that IN 23626 452 7 the the DT 23626 452 8 upper upper JJ 23626 452 9 surface surface NN 23626 452 10 is be VBZ 23626 452 11 dome dome NN 23626 452 12 - - HYPH 23626 452 13 shaped shaped JJ 23626 452 14 like like IN 23626 452 15 the the DT 23626 452 16 last last JJ 23626 452 17 two two CD 23626 452 18 , , , 23626 452 19 but but CC 23626 452 20 the the DT 23626 452 21 lower low JJR 23626 452 22 is be VBZ 23626 452 23 more more RBR 23626 452 24 or or CC 23626 452 25 less less RBR 23626 452 26 convex convex NNS 23626 452 27 , , , 23626 452 28 though though IN 23626 452 29 not not RB 23626 452 30 so so RB 23626 452 31 deep deep JJ 23626 452 32 as as IN 23626 452 33 to to TO 23626 452 34 make make VB 23626 452 35 the the DT 23626 452 36 stone stone NN 23626 452 37 spherical spherical JJ 23626 452 38 . . . 23626 453 1 This this DT 23626 453 2 is be VBZ 23626 453 3 called call VBN 23626 453 4 the the DT 23626 453 5 " " `` 23626 453 6 double double JJ 23626 453 7 " " '' 23626 453 8 cabochon cabochon NN 23626 453 9 . . . 23626 454 1 A a DT 23626 454 2 further further JJ 23626 454 3 variety variety NN 23626 454 4 of of IN 23626 454 5 cutting cutting NN 23626 454 6 is be VBZ 23626 454 7 known know VBN 23626 454 8 as as IN 23626 454 9 the the DT 23626 454 10 _ _ NNP 23626 454 11 goutte goutte NNP 23626 454 12 de de NNP 23626 454 13 suif suif NNP 23626 454 14 _ _ NNP 23626 454 15 , , , 23626 454 16 or or CC 23626 454 17 the the DT 23626 454 18 " " `` 23626 454 19 tallow tallow NN 23626 454 20 - - HYPH 23626 454 21 drop drop NN 23626 454 22 , , , 23626 454 23 " " '' 23626 454 24 which which WDT 23626 454 25 takes take VBZ 23626 454 26 the the DT 23626 454 27 form form NN 23626 454 28 of of IN 23626 454 29 a a DT 23626 454 30 somewhat somewhat RB 23626 454 31 flattened flattened JJ 23626 454 32 or or CC 23626 454 33 long long JJ 23626 454 34 - - HYPH 23626 454 35 focus focus NN 23626 454 36 double double JJ 23626 454 37 - - HYPH 23626 454 38 convex convex NNS 23626 454 39 lens lens NN 23626 454 40 . . . 23626 455 1 The the DT 23626 455 2 more more RBR 23626 455 3 complicated complicated JJ 23626 455 4 varieties variety NNS 23626 455 5 of of IN 23626 455 6 cut cut NN 23626 455 7 are be VBP 23626 455 8 those those DT 23626 455 9 appearing appear VBG 23626 455 10 in in IN 23626 455 11 the the DT 23626 455 12 second second JJ 23626 455 13 group group NN 23626 455 14 , , , 23626 455 15 or or CC 23626 455 16 those those DT 23626 455 17 with with IN 23626 455 18 plane plane NN 23626 455 19 surfaces surface NNS 23626 455 20 . . . 23626 456 1 A a DT 23626 456 2 very very RB 23626 456 3 old old JJ 23626 456 4 form form NN 23626 456 5 is be VBZ 23626 456 6 the the DT 23626 456 7 " " `` 23626 456 8 rose rose NN 23626 456 9 " " '' 23626 456 10 or or CC 23626 456 11 " " `` 23626 456 12 rosette rosette NN 23626 456 13 " " '' 23626 456 14 ; ; , 23626 456 15 in in IN 23626 456 16 this this DT 23626 456 17 the the DT 23626 456 18 extreme extreme JJ 23626 456 19 upper upper JJ 23626 456 20 centre centre NN 23626 456 21 , , , 23626 456 22 called call VBD 23626 456 23 the the DT 23626 456 24 " " `` 23626 456 25 crown crown NN 23626 456 26 , , , 23626 456 27 " " '' 23626 456 28 or or CC 23626 456 29 " " `` 23626 456 30 star star NN 23626 456 31 , , , 23626 456 32 " " '' 23626 456 33 is be VBZ 23626 456 34 usually usually RB 23626 456 35 composed compose VBN 23626 456 36 of of IN 23626 456 37 six six CD 23626 456 38 triangles triangle NNS 23626 456 39 , , , 23626 456 40 the the DT 23626 456 41 apexes apex NNS 23626 456 42 of of IN 23626 456 43 which which WDT 23626 456 44 are be VBP 23626 456 45 elevated elevate VBN 23626 456 46 and and CC 23626 456 47 joined join VBN 23626 456 48 together together RB 23626 456 49 , , , 23626 456 50 forming form VBG 23626 456 51 one one CD 23626 456 52 point point NN 23626 456 53 in in IN 23626 456 54 the the DT 23626 456 55 centre centre NN 23626 456 56 . . . 23626 457 1 From from IN 23626 457 2 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 457 3 bases basis NNS 23626 457 4 descend descend VBP 23626 457 5 a a DT 23626 457 6 further further JJ 23626 457 7 series series NN 23626 457 8 of of IN 23626 457 9 triangles triangle NNS 23626 457 10 , , , 23626 457 11 the the DT 23626 457 12 bases basis NNS 23626 457 13 and and CC 23626 457 14 apexes apex NNS 23626 457 15 of of IN 23626 457 16 which which WDT 23626 457 17 are be VBP 23626 457 18 formed form VBN 23626 457 19 by by IN 23626 457 20 the the DT 23626 457 21 bases basis NNS 23626 457 22 and and CC 23626 457 23 lower low JJR 23626 457 24 angles angle NNS 23626 457 25 of of IN 23626 457 26 the the DT 23626 457 27 upper upper JJ 23626 457 28 series series NN 23626 457 29 . . . 23626 458 1 This this DT 23626 458 2 lower low JJR 23626 458 3 belt belt NN 23626 458 4 is be VBZ 23626 458 5 called call VBN 23626 458 6 the the DT 23626 458 7 " " `` 23626 458 8 teeth tooth NNS 23626 458 9 , , , 23626 458 10 " " '' 23626 458 11 under under IN 23626 458 12 which which WDT 23626 458 13 the the DT 23626 458 14 surface surface NN 23626 458 15 or or CC 23626 458 16 base base NN 23626 458 17 of of IN 23626 458 18 the the DT 23626 458 19 stone stone NN 23626 458 20 is be VBZ 23626 458 21 usually usually RB 23626 458 22 flat flat JJ 23626 458 23 , , , 23626 458 24 but but CC 23626 458 25 sometimes sometimes RB 23626 458 26 partakes partake VBZ 23626 458 27 of of IN 23626 458 28 a a DT 23626 458 29 similar similar JJ 23626 458 30 shape shape NN 23626 458 31 to to IN 23626 458 32 the the DT 23626 458 33 upper upper JJ 23626 458 34 surface surface NN 23626 458 35 , , , 23626 458 36 though though IN 23626 458 37 somewhat somewhat RB 23626 458 38 modified modify VBN 23626 458 39 in in IN 23626 458 40 form form NN 23626 458 41 . . . 23626 459 1 Another another DT 23626 459 2 variety variety NN 23626 459 3 is be VBZ 23626 459 4 called call VBN 23626 459 5 the the DT 23626 459 6 " " `` 23626 459 7 table table NN 23626 459 8 cut cut NN 23626 459 9 , , , 23626 459 10 " " '' 23626 459 11 and and CC 23626 459 12 is be VBZ 23626 459 13 used use VBN 23626 459 14 for for IN 23626 459 15 coloured coloured JJ 23626 459 16 stones stone NNS 23626 459 17 . . . 23626 460 1 It -PRON- PRP 23626 460 2 has have VBZ 23626 460 3 a a DT 23626 460 4 flat flat JJ 23626 460 5 top top NN 23626 460 6 or or CC 23626 460 7 " " `` 23626 460 8 table table NN 23626 460 9 " " '' 23626 460 10 of of IN 23626 460 11 a a DT 23626 460 12 square square JJ 23626 460 13 or or CC 23626 460 14 other other JJ 23626 460 15 shape shape NN 23626 460 16 , , , 23626 460 17 the the DT 23626 460 18 edges edge NNS 23626 460 19 of of IN 23626 460 20 which which WDT 23626 460 21 slope slope NN 23626 460 22 outwards outward NNS 23626 460 23 and and CC 23626 460 24 form form VB 23626 460 25 the the DT 23626 460 26 " " `` 23626 460 27 bezils bezil NNS 23626 460 28 " " '' 23626 460 29 or or CC 23626 460 30 that that DT 23626 460 31 extended extend VBN 23626 460 32 portion portion NN 23626 460 33 by by IN 23626 460 34 which which WDT 23626 460 35 the the DT 23626 460 36 stone stone NN 23626 460 37 is be VBZ 23626 460 38 held hold VBN 23626 460 39 in in IN 23626 460 40 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 460 41 setting setting NN 23626 460 42 . . . 23626 461 1 It -PRON- PRP 23626 461 2 will will MD 23626 461 3 thus thus RB 23626 461 4 be be VB 23626 461 5 seen see VBN 23626 461 6 that that IN 23626 461 7 the the DT 23626 461 8 outside outside NN 23626 461 9 of of IN 23626 461 10 the the DT 23626 461 11 stone stone NN 23626 461 12 is be VBZ 23626 461 13 of of IN 23626 461 14 the the DT 23626 461 15 same same JJ 23626 461 16 shape shape NN 23626 461 17 as as IN 23626 461 18 that that DT 23626 461 19 of of IN 23626 461 20 the the DT 23626 461 21 " " `` 23626 461 22 table table NN 23626 461 23 , , , 23626 461 24 " " '' 23626 461 25 but but CC 23626 461 26 larger large JJR 23626 461 27 , , , 23626 461 28 so so IN 23626 461 29 that that IN 23626 461 30 from from IN 23626 461 31 every every DT 23626 461 32 portion portion NN 23626 461 33 of of IN 23626 461 34 the the DT 23626 461 35 " " `` 23626 461 36 table table NN 23626 461 37 " " '' 23626 461 38 the the DT 23626 461 39 surface surface NN 23626 461 40 extends extend VBZ 23626 461 41 downwards downwards RB 23626 461 42 , , , 23626 461 43 sloping slope VBG 23626 461 44 outwards outward NNS 23626 461 45 to to IN 23626 461 46 the the DT 23626 461 47 extreme extreme JJ 23626 461 48 size size NN 23626 461 49 of of IN 23626 461 50 the the DT 23626 461 51 stone stone NN 23626 461 52 , , , 23626 461 53 the the DT 23626 461 54 underside underside JJ 23626 461 55 sloping sloping NN 23626 461 56 downwards downwards RB 23626 461 57 and and CC 23626 461 58 inwards inward NNS 23626 461 59 to to IN 23626 461 60 a a DT 23626 461 61 small small JJ 23626 461 62 and and CC 23626 461 63 flat flat JJ 23626 461 64 base base NN 23626 461 65 , , , 23626 461 66 the the DT 23626 461 67 whole whole NN 23626 461 68 , , , 23626 461 69 in in IN 23626 461 70 section section NN 23626 461 71 , , , 23626 461 72 being be VBG 23626 461 73 not not RB 23626 461 74 unlike unlike IN 23626 461 75 the the DT 23626 461 76 section section NN 23626 461 77 of of IN 23626 461 78 a a DT 23626 461 79 " " `` 23626 461 80 pegtop pegtop NN 23626 461 81 . . . 23626 461 82 " " '' 23626 462 1 A a DT 23626 462 2 modification modification NN 23626 462 3 of of IN 23626 462 4 this this DT 23626 462 5 is be VBZ 23626 462 6 known know VBN 23626 462 7 as as IN 23626 462 8 the the DT 23626 462 9 " " `` 23626 462 10 step step NN 23626 462 11 " " '' 23626 462 12 cut cut VBN 23626 462 13 , , , 23626 462 14 sometimes sometimes RB 23626 462 15 also also RB 23626 462 16 called call VBD 23626 462 17 the the DT 23626 462 18 " " `` 23626 462 19 trap trap NN 23626 462 20 . . . 23626 462 21 " " '' 23626 463 1 Briefly briefly RB 23626 463 2 , , , 23626 463 3 the the DT 23626 463 4 difference difference NN 23626 463 5 between between IN 23626 463 6 this this DT 23626 463 7 and and CC 23626 463 8 the the DT 23626 463 9 last last JJ 23626 463 10 is be VBZ 23626 463 11 that that IN 23626 463 12 whereas whereas IN 23626 463 13 the the DT 23626 463 14 table table NN 23626 463 15 has have VBZ 23626 463 16 usually usually RB 23626 463 17 one one CD 23626 463 18 bevel bevel NN 23626 463 19 on on IN 23626 463 20 the the DT 23626 463 21 upper upper JJ 23626 463 22 and and CC 23626 463 23 lower low JJR 23626 463 24 surfaces surface NNS 23626 463 25 , , , 23626 463 26 the the DT 23626 463 27 trap trap NN 23626 463 28 has have VBZ 23626 463 29 one one CD 23626 463 30 or or CC 23626 463 31 more more JJR 23626 463 32 steps step NNS 23626 463 33 in in IN 23626 463 34 the the DT 23626 463 35 sloping sloping NN 23626 463 36 parts part NNS 23626 463 37 , , , 23626 463 38 hence hence RB 23626 463 39 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 463 40 name name NN 23626 463 41 . . . 23626 464 1 The the DT 23626 464 2 most most RBS 23626 464 3 common common JJ 23626 464 4 of of IN 23626 464 5 all all DT 23626 464 6 , , , 23626 464 7 and and CC 23626 464 8 usually usually RB 23626 464 9 applied apply VBD 23626 464 10 only only RB 23626 464 11 to to IN 23626 464 12 the the DT 23626 464 13 diamond diamond NN 23626 464 14 , , , 23626 464 15 is be VBZ 23626 464 16 the the DT 23626 464 17 " " `` 23626 464 18 brilliant brilliant JJ 23626 464 19 " " '' 23626 464 20 cut cut NN 23626 464 21 . . . 23626 465 1 This this DT 23626 465 2 is be VBZ 23626 465 3 somewhat somewhat RB 23626 465 4 complicated complicated JJ 23626 465 5 , , , 23626 465 6 and and CC 23626 465 7 requires require VBZ 23626 465 8 detailed detailed JJ 23626 465 9 description description NN 23626 465 10 . . . 23626 466 1 In in IN 23626 466 2 section section NN 23626 466 3 , , , 23626 466 4 the the DT 23626 466 5 shape shape NN 23626 466 6 is be VBZ 23626 466 7 substantially substantially RB 23626 466 8 that that DT 23626 466 9 of of IN 23626 466 10 a a DT 23626 466 11 pegtop pegtop NN 23626 466 12 with with IN 23626 466 13 a a DT 23626 466 14 flat flat JJ 23626 466 15 " " `` 23626 466 16 table table NN 23626 466 17 " " '' 23626 466 18 top top NN 23626 466 19 and and CC 23626 466 20 a a DT 23626 466 21 small small JJ 23626 466 22 flat flat JJ 23626 466 23 base base NN 23626 466 24 . . . 23626 467 1 The the DT 23626 467 2 widest wide JJS 23626 467 3 portion portion NN 23626 467 4 is be VBZ 23626 467 5 that that IN 23626 467 6 on on IN 23626 467 7 which which WDT 23626 467 8 the the DT 23626 467 9 claws claws NN 23626 467 10 , , , 23626 467 11 or or CC 23626 467 12 other other JJ 23626 467 13 form form NN 23626 467 14 of of IN 23626 467 15 setting setting NN 23626 467 16 , , , 23626 467 17 hold hold VB 23626 467 18 it -PRON- PRP 23626 467 19 securely securely RB 23626 467 20 in in IN 23626 467 21 position position NN 23626 467 22 . . . 23626 468 1 This this DT 23626 468 2 portion portion NN 23626 468 3 is be VBZ 23626 468 4 called call VBN 23626 468 5 the the DT 23626 468 6 " " `` 23626 468 7 girdle girdle NN 23626 468 8 , , , 23626 468 9 " " '' 23626 468 10 and and CC 23626 468 11 if if IN 23626 468 12 we -PRON- PRP 23626 468 13 take take VBP 23626 468 14 this this DT 23626 468 15 as as IN 23626 468 16 a a DT 23626 468 17 defining defining JJ 23626 468 18 line line NN 23626 468 19 , , , 23626 468 20 that that DT 23626 468 21 portion portion NN 23626 468 22 which which WDT 23626 468 23 appears appear VBZ 23626 468 24 above above IN 23626 468 25 the the DT 23626 468 26 setting setting NN 23626 468 27 of of IN 23626 468 28 this this DT 23626 468 29 girdle girdle NN 23626 468 30 , , , 23626 468 31 is be VBZ 23626 468 32 called call VBN 23626 468 33 the the DT 23626 468 34 " " `` 23626 468 35 crown crown NN 23626 468 36 " " '' 23626 468 37 ; ; : 23626 468 38 the the DT 23626 468 39 portion portion NN 23626 468 40 below below IN 23626 468 41 the the DT 23626 468 42 girdle girdle NN 23626 468 43 is be VBZ 23626 468 44 called call VBN 23626 468 45 the the DT 23626 468 46 " " `` 23626 468 47 culasse culasse NNP 23626 468 48 , , , 23626 468 49 " " '' 23626 468 50 or or CC 23626 468 51 less less RBR 23626 468 52 commonly commonly RB 23626 468 53 the the DT 23626 468 54 " " `` 23626 468 55 pavilion pavilion NN 23626 468 56 . . . 23626 468 57 " " '' 23626 469 1 Commencing commence VBG 23626 469 2 with with IN 23626 469 3 the the DT 23626 469 4 girdle girdle NNP 23626 469 5 upwards upwards NNP 23626 469 6 , , , 23626 469 7 we -PRON- PRP 23626 469 8 have have VBP 23626 469 9 eight eight CD 23626 469 10 " " `` 23626 469 11 cross cross NN 23626 469 12 facets facet NNS 23626 469 13 " " '' 23626 469 14 in in IN 23626 469 15 four four CD 23626 469 16 pairs pair NNS 23626 469 17 , , , 23626 469 18 a a DT 23626 469 19 pair pair NN 23626 469 20 on on IN 23626 469 21 each each DT 23626 469 22 side side NN 23626 469 23 ; ; : 23626 469 24 each each DT 23626 469 25 pair pair NN 23626 469 26 having have VBG 23626 469 27 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 469 28 apexes apex NNS 23626 469 29 together together RB 23626 469 30 , , , 23626 469 31 meeting meet VBG 23626 469 32 on on IN 23626 469 33 the the DT 23626 469 34 four four CD 23626 469 35 extremities extremity NNS 23626 469 36 of of IN 23626 469 37 two two CD 23626 469 38 lines line NNS 23626 469 39 drawn draw VBN 23626 469 40 laterally laterally RB 23626 469 41 at at IN 23626 469 42 right right JJ 23626 469 43 angles angle NNS 23626 469 44 through through IN 23626 469 45 the the DT 23626 469 46 stone stone NN 23626 469 47 . . . 23626 470 1 It -PRON- PRP 23626 470 2 will will MD 23626 470 3 , , , 23626 470 4 therefore therefore RB 23626 470 5 , , , 23626 470 6 be be VB 23626 470 7 seen see VBN 23626 470 8 that that IN 23626 470 9 one one CD 23626 470 10 side side NN 23626 470 11 of of IN 23626 470 12 each each DT 23626 470 13 triangle triangle NN 23626 470 14 coincides coincide VBZ 23626 470 15 with with IN 23626 470 16 the the DT 23626 470 17 girdle girdle NN 23626 470 18 , , , 23626 470 19 and and CC 23626 470 20 as as IN 23626 470 21 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 470 22 bases basis NNS 23626 470 23 do do VBP 23626 470 24 not not RB 23626 470 25 meet meet VB 23626 470 26 , , , 23626 470 27 these these DT 23626 470 28 spaces space NNS 23626 470 29 are be VBP 23626 470 30 occupied occupy VBN 23626 470 31 by by IN 23626 470 32 eight eight CD 23626 470 33 small small JJ 23626 470 34 triangles triangle NNS 23626 470 35 , , , 23626 470 36 called call VBD 23626 470 37 " " `` 23626 470 38 skill skill NN 23626 470 39 facets facet NNS 23626 470 40 , , , 23626 470 41 " " '' 23626 470 42 each each DT 23626 470 43 of of IN 23626 470 44 which which WDT 23626 470 45 has have VBZ 23626 470 46 , , , 23626 470 47 as as IN 23626 470 48 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 470 49 base base NN 23626 470 50 , , , 23626 470 51 the the DT 23626 470 52 girdle girdle NN 23626 470 53 , , , 23626 470 54 and and CC 23626 470 55 the the DT 23626 470 56 outer outer NN 23626 470 57 of of IN 23626 470 58 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 470 59 sides side NNS 23626 470 60 coincides coincide VBZ 23626 470 61 with with IN 23626 470 62 the the DT 23626 470 63 base base NN 23626 470 64 of of IN 23626 470 65 the the DT 23626 470 66 adjoining adjoining JJ 23626 470 67 " " `` 23626 470 68 cross cross NNP 23626 470 69 facet facet NNP 23626 470 70 . . . 23626 470 71 " " '' 23626 471 1 The the DT 23626 471 2 two two CD 23626 471 3 inner inner JJ 23626 471 4 sides side NNS 23626 471 5 of of IN 23626 471 6 each each DT 23626 471 7 pair pair NN 23626 471 8 of of IN 23626 471 9 skill skill NN 23626 471 10 facets facet NNS 23626 471 11 form form VBP 23626 471 12 the the DT 23626 471 13 half half NN 23626 471 14 of of IN 23626 471 15 a a DT 23626 471 16 diamond diamond NN 23626 471 17 or or CC 23626 471 18 lozenge lozenge NN 23626 471 19 - - HYPH 23626 471 20 shaped shaped JJ 23626 471 21 facet facet NNP 23626 471 22 , , , 23626 471 23 called call VBD 23626 471 24 a a DT 23626 471 25 " " `` 23626 471 26 quoin quoin NN 23626 471 27 , , , 23626 471 28 " " '' 23626 471 29 of of IN 23626 471 30 which which WDT 23626 471 31 there there EX 23626 471 32 are be VBP 23626 471 33 four four CD 23626 471 34 . . . 23626 472 1 The the DT 23626 472 2 inner inner JJ 23626 472 3 or or CC 23626 472 4 upper upper JJ 23626 472 5 half half NN 23626 472 6 of of IN 23626 472 7 each each DT 23626 472 8 of of IN 23626 472 9 these these DT 23626 472 10 four four CD 23626 472 11 quoins quoin NNS 23626 472 12 forms form NNS 23626 472 13 the the DT 23626 472 14 bases basis NNS 23626 472 15 of of IN 23626 472 16 two two CD 23626 472 17 triangles triangle NNS 23626 472 18 , , , 23626 472 19 one one CD 23626 472 20 at at IN 23626 472 21 each each DT 23626 472 22 side side NN 23626 472 23 , , , 23626 472 24 making make VBG 23626 472 25 eight eight CD 23626 472 26 in in RB 23626 472 27 all all DT 23626 472 28 , , , 23626 472 29 which which WDT 23626 472 30 are be VBP 23626 472 31 called call VBN 23626 472 32 " " `` 23626 472 33 star star NN 23626 472 34 facets facet NNS 23626 472 35 , , , 23626 472 36 " " '' 23626 472 37 and and CC 23626 472 38 the the DT 23626 472 39 inner inner JJ 23626 472 40 lines line NNS 23626 472 41 of of IN 23626 472 42 these these DT 23626 472 43 eight eight CD 23626 472 44 star star NN 23626 472 45 facets facet NNS 23626 472 46 form form VBP 23626 472 47 the the DT 23626 472 48 boundary boundary NN 23626 472 49 of of IN 23626 472 50 the the DT 23626 472 51 top top NN 23626 472 52 of of IN 23626 472 53 the the DT 23626 472 54 stone stone NN 23626 472 55 , , , 23626 472 56 called call VBD 23626 472 57 the the DT 23626 472 58 " " `` 23626 472 59 table table NN 23626 472 60 . . . 23626 472 61 " " '' 23626 473 1 The the DT 23626 473 2 inner inner JJ 23626 473 3 lines line NNS 23626 473 4 also also RB 23626 473 5 of of IN 23626 473 6 the the DT 23626 473 7 star star NN 23626 473 8 facets facet VBZ 23626 473 9 immediately immediately RB 23626 473 10 below below IN 23626 473 11 the the DT 23626 473 12 table table NN 23626 473 13 and and CC 23626 473 14 those those DT 23626 473 15 of of IN 23626 473 16 the the DT 23626 473 17 cross cross NN 23626 473 18 facets facet VBZ 23626 473 19 immediately immediately RB 23626 473 20 above above IN 23626 473 21 the the DT 23626 473 22 girdle girdle NNP 23626 473 23 form form NN 23626 473 24 four four CD 23626 473 25 " " `` 23626 473 26 templets templet NNS 23626 473 27 , , , 23626 473 28 " " '' 23626 473 29 or or CC 23626 473 30 " " `` 23626 473 31 bezils bezil NNS 23626 473 32 . . . 23626 473 33 " " '' 23626 474 1 We -PRON- PRP 23626 474 2 thus thus RB 23626 474 3 have have VBP 23626 474 4 above above IN 23626 474 5 the the DT 23626 474 6 girdle girdle NN 23626 474 7 , , , 23626 474 8 thirty thirty CD 23626 474 9 - - HYPH 23626 474 10 three three CD 23626 474 11 facets facet NNS 23626 474 12 : : : 23626 474 13 8 8 CD 23626 474 14 cross cross NN 23626 474 15 , , , 23626 474 16 8 8 CD 23626 474 17 skill skill NN 23626 474 18 , , , 23626 474 19 4 4 CD 23626 474 20 quoin quoin NN 23626 474 21 , , , 23626 474 22 8 8 CD 23626 474 23 star star NN 23626 474 24 , , , 23626 474 25 1 1 CD 23626 474 26 table table NN 23626 474 27 , , , 23626 474 28 and and CC 23626 474 29 4 4 CD 23626 474 30 templets templet NNS 23626 474 31 . . . 23626 475 1 Reversing reverse VBG 23626 475 2 the the DT 23626 475 3 stone stone NN 23626 475 4 and and CC 23626 475 5 again again RB 23626 475 6 commencing commence VBG 23626 475 7 at at IN 23626 475 8 the the DT 23626 475 9 girdle girdle NN 23626 475 10 , , , 23626 475 11 we -PRON- PRP 23626 475 12 have have VBP 23626 475 13 eight eight CD 23626 475 14 " " `` 23626 475 15 skill skill NN 23626 475 16 facets facet NNS 23626 475 17 , , , 23626 475 18 " " '' 23626 475 19 sometimes sometimes RB 23626 475 20 called call VBD 23626 475 21 the the DT 23626 475 22 lower low JJR 23626 475 23 skill skill NN 23626 475 24 facets facet NNS 23626 475 25 , , , 23626 475 26 the the DT 23626 475 27 bases basis NNS 23626 475 28 of of IN 23626 475 29 which which WDT 23626 475 30 are be VBP 23626 475 31 on on IN 23626 475 32 the the DT 23626 475 33 girdle girdle NN 23626 475 34 , , , 23626 475 35 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 475 36 outer outer JJ 23626 475 37 sides side NNS 23626 475 38 forming form VBG 23626 475 39 the the DT 23626 475 40 bases basis NNS 23626 475 41 of of IN 23626 475 42 eight eight CD 23626 475 43 cross cross NN 23626 475 44 facets facet NNS 23626 475 45 , , , 23626 475 46 the the DT 23626 475 47 apexes apex NNS 23626 475 48 of of IN 23626 475 49 which which WDT 23626 475 50 meet meet VBP 23626 475 51 on on IN 23626 475 52 the the DT 23626 475 53 extremities extremity NNS 23626 475 54 of of IN 23626 475 55 the the DT 23626 475 56 horizontal horizontal JJ 23626 475 57 line line NN 23626 475 58 , , , 23626 475 59 as as IN 23626 475 60 in in IN 23626 475 61 those those DT 23626 475 62 above above IN 23626 475 63 the the DT 23626 475 64 girdle girdle NN 23626 475 65 . . . 23626 476 1 If if IN 23626 476 2 the the DT 23626 476 3 basal basal NN 23626 476 4 lines line NNS 23626 476 5 of of IN 23626 476 6 these these DT 23626 476 7 cross cross NN 23626 476 8 facets facet NNS 23626 476 9 , , , 23626 476 10 where where WRB 23626 476 11 they -PRON- PRP 23626 476 12 join join VBP 23626 476 13 the the DT 23626 476 14 sides side NNS 23626 476 15 of of IN 23626 476 16 the the DT 23626 476 17 skill skill NN 23626 476 18 facets facet NNS 23626 476 19 , , , 23626 476 20 are be VBP 23626 476 21 extended extend VBN 23626 476 22 to to IN 23626 476 23 the the DT 23626 476 24 peak peak NN 23626 476 25 , , , 23626 476 26 or or CC 23626 476 27 narrow narrow JJ 23626 476 28 end end NN 23626 476 29 of of IN 23626 476 30 the the DT 23626 476 31 stone stone NN 23626 476 32 , , , 23626 476 33 these these DT 23626 476 34 lines line NNS 23626 476 35 , , , 23626 476 36 together together RB 23626 476 37 with with IN 23626 476 38 the the DT 23626 476 39 sides side NNS 23626 476 40 of of IN 23626 476 41 the the DT 23626 476 42 cross cross NN 23626 476 43 facets facet NNS 23626 476 44 , , , 23626 476 45 will will MD 23626 476 46 form form VB 23626 476 47 four four CD 23626 476 48 five five CD 23626 476 49 - - HYPH 23626 476 50 sided sided JJ 23626 476 51 facets facet NNS 23626 476 52 , , , 23626 476 53 called call VBD 23626 476 54 the the DT 23626 476 55 " " `` 23626 476 56 pavilions pavilion NNS 23626 476 57 " " '' 23626 476 58 ; ; : 23626 476 59 the the DT 23626 476 60 spaces space NNS 23626 476 61 between between IN 23626 476 62 these these DT 23626 476 63 four four CD 23626 476 64 pavilions pavilion NNS 23626 476 65 have have VBP 23626 476 66 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 476 67 ends end NNS 23626 476 68 nearest near JJS 23626 476 69 the the DT 23626 476 70 girdle girdle NN 23626 476 71 formed form VBN 23626 476 72 by by IN 23626 476 73 the the DT 23626 476 74 inner inner JJ 23626 476 75 sides side NNS 23626 476 76 of of IN 23626 476 77 the the DT 23626 476 78 skill skill NN 23626 476 79 facets facet NNS 23626 476 80 , , , 23626 476 81 and and CC 23626 476 82 of of IN 23626 476 83 these these DT 23626 476 84 spaces space NNS 23626 476 85 , , , 23626 476 86 there there EX 23626 476 87 will will MD 23626 476 88 , , , 23626 476 89 of of IN 23626 476 90 course course NN 23626 476 91 , , , 23626 476 92 be be VB 23626 476 93 four four CD 23626 476 94 , , , 23626 476 95 which which WDT 23626 476 96 also also RB 23626 476 97 are be VBP 23626 476 98 five five CD 23626 476 99 - - HYPH 23626 476 100 sided sided JJ 23626 476 101 figures figure NNS 23626 476 102 , , , 23626 476 103 and and CC 23626 476 104 are be VBP 23626 476 105 called call VBN 23626 476 106 " " `` 23626 476 107 quoins quoin NNS 23626 476 108 , , , 23626 476 109 " " '' 23626 476 110 so so IN 23626 476 111 that that IN 23626 476 112 there there EX 23626 476 113 are be VBP 23626 476 114 eight eight CD 23626 476 115 five five CD 23626 476 116 - - HYPH 23626 476 117 sided sided JJ 23626 476 118 facets facet NNS 23626 476 119 -- -- : 23626 476 120 four four CD 23626 476 121 large large JJ 23626 476 122 and and CC 23626 476 123 four four CD 23626 476 124 narrow narrow NN 23626 476 125 -- -- : 23626 476 126 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 476 127 bases basis NNS 23626 476 128 forming form VBG 23626 476 129 a a DT 23626 476 130 square square NN 23626 476 131 , , , 23626 476 132 with with IN 23626 476 133 a a DT 23626 476 134 small small JJ 23626 476 135 portion portion NN 23626 476 136 of of IN 23626 476 137 each each DT 23626 476 138 corner corner NN 23626 476 139 cut cut VBN 23626 476 140 away away RB 23626 476 141 ; ; : 23626 476 142 the the DT 23626 476 143 bases basis NNS 23626 476 144 of of IN 23626 476 145 the the DT 23626 476 146 broader broad JJR 23626 476 147 pavilions pavilion NNS 23626 476 148 form form VBP 23626 476 149 the the DT 23626 476 150 four four CD 23626 476 151 sides side NNS 23626 476 152 , , , 23626 476 153 whilst whilst IN 23626 476 154 the the DT 23626 476 155 bases basis NNS 23626 476 156 of of IN 23626 476 157 the the DT 23626 476 158 four four CD 23626 476 159 narrower narrow JJR 23626 476 160 quoins quoin NNS 23626 476 161 cut cut VBN 23626 476 162 off off RP 23626 476 163 the the DT 23626 476 164 corners corner NNS 23626 476 165 of of IN 23626 476 166 the the DT 23626 476 167 square square NN 23626 476 168 , , , 23626 476 169 and and CC 23626 476 170 this this DT 23626 476 171 flat flat JJ 23626 476 172 portion portion NN 23626 476 173 , , , 23626 476 174 bounded bound VBN 23626 476 175 by by IN 23626 476 176 the the DT 23626 476 177 eight eight CD 23626 476 178 bases basis NNS 23626 476 179 , , , 23626 476 180 is be VBZ 23626 476 181 called call VBN 23626 476 182 the the DT 23626 476 183 " " `` 23626 476 184 culet culet NN 23626 476 185 , , , 23626 476 186 " " '' 23626 476 187 but but CC 23626 476 188 more more RBR 23626 476 189 commonly commonly RB 23626 476 190 " " '' 23626 476 191 collet collet NN 23626 476 192 . . . 23626 476 193 " " '' 23626 477 1 So so IN 23626 477 2 that that IN 23626 477 3 below below IN 23626 477 4 the the DT 23626 477 5 girdle girdle NN 23626 477 6 , , , 23626 477 7 we -PRON- PRP 23626 477 8 find find VBP 23626 477 9 twenty twenty CD 23626 477 10 - - HYPH 23626 477 11 five five CD 23626 477 12 facets facet NNS 23626 477 13 : : : 23626 477 14 8 8 CD 23626 477 15 cross cross NN 23626 477 16 , , , 23626 477 17 8 8 CD 23626 477 18 skill skill NN 23626 477 19 , , , 23626 477 20 4 4 CD 23626 477 21 pavilion pavilion NN 23626 477 22 , , , 23626 477 23 4 4 CD 23626 477 24 quoin quoin NN 23626 477 25 , , , 23626 477 26 and and CC 23626 477 27 1 1 CD 23626 477 28 collet collet NN 23626 477 29 . . . 23626 478 1 These these DT 23626 478 2 , , , 23626 478 3 with with IN 23626 478 4 the the DT 23626 478 5 33 33 CD 23626 478 6 of of IN 23626 478 7 the the DT 23626 478 8 crown crown NN 23626 478 9 , , , 23626 478 10 make make VBP 23626 478 11 58 58 CD 23626 478 12 , , , 23626 478 13 which which WDT 23626 478 14 is be VBZ 23626 478 15 the the DT 23626 478 16 usual usual JJ 23626 478 17 number number NN 23626 478 18 of of IN 23626 478 19 facets facet NNS 23626 478 20 in in IN 23626 478 21 a a DT 23626 478 22 brilliant brilliant NN 23626 478 23 , , , 23626 478 24 though though IN 23626 478 25 this this DT 23626 478 26 varies vary VBZ 23626 478 27 with with IN 23626 478 28 the the DT 23626 478 29 character character NN 23626 478 30 , , , 23626 478 31 quality quality NN 23626 478 32 , , , 23626 478 33 and and CC 23626 478 34 size size NN 23626 478 35 of of IN 23626 478 36 the the DT 23626 478 37 diamond diamond NN 23626 478 38 . . . 23626 479 1 For for IN 23626 479 2 instance instance NN 23626 479 3 , , , 23626 479 4 though though IN 23626 479 5 this this DT 23626 479 6 number number NN 23626 479 7 is be VBZ 23626 479 8 considered consider VBN 23626 479 9 the the DT 23626 479 10 best good JJS 23626 479 11 for for IN 23626 479 12 normal normal JJ 23626 479 13 stones stone NNS 23626 479 14 , , , 23626 479 15 specially specially RB 23626 479 16 large large JJ 23626 479 17 ones one NNS 23626 479 18 often often RB 23626 479 19 have have VBP 23626 479 20 more more JJR 23626 479 21 , , , 23626 479 22 otherwise otherwise RB 23626 479 23 there there EX 23626 479 24 is be VBZ 23626 479 25 danger danger NN 23626 479 26 of of IN 23626 479 27 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 479 28 appearing appear VBG 23626 479 29 dull dull JJ 23626 479 30 , , , 23626 479 31 and and CC 23626 479 32 it -PRON- PRP 23626 479 33 requires require VBZ 23626 479 34 a a DT 23626 479 35 vast vast JJ 23626 479 36 amount amount NN 23626 479 37 of of IN 23626 479 38 skill skill NN 23626 479 39 and and CC 23626 479 40 experience experience NN 23626 479 41 to to TO 23626 479 42 decide decide VB 23626 479 43 upon upon IN 23626 479 44 the the DT 23626 479 45 particular particular JJ 23626 479 46 number number NN 23626 479 47 and and CC 23626 479 48 size size NN 23626 479 49 of of IN 23626 479 50 the the DT 23626 479 51 facets facet NNS 23626 479 52 that that WDT 23626 479 53 will will MD 23626 479 54 best well RBS 23626 479 55 display display VB 23626 479 56 the the DT 23626 479 57 fire fire NN 23626 479 58 and and CC 23626 479 59 brilliance brilliance NN 23626 479 60 of of IN 23626 479 61 a a DT 23626 479 62 large large JJ 23626 479 63 stone stone NN 23626 479 64 , , , 23626 479 65 for for IN 23626 479 66 it -PRON- PRP 23626 479 67 is be VBZ 23626 479 68 obvious obvious JJ 23626 479 69 that that IN 23626 479 70 if if IN 23626 479 71 , , , 23626 479 72 after after IN 23626 479 73 months month NNS 23626 479 74 of of IN 23626 479 75 cutting cutting NN 23626 479 76 and and CC 23626 479 77 polishing polishing NN 23626 479 78 , , , 23626 479 79 it -PRON- PRP 23626 479 80 is be VBZ 23626 479 81 found find VBN 23626 479 82 that that IN 23626 479 83 a a DT 23626 479 84 greater great JJR 23626 479 85 or or CC 23626 479 86 smaller small JJR 23626 479 87 number number NN 23626 479 88 of of IN 23626 479 89 facets facet NNS 23626 479 90 ought ought MD 23626 479 91 to to TO 23626 479 92 have have VB 23626 479 93 been be VBN 23626 479 94 allowed allow VBN 23626 479 95 , , , 23626 479 96 the the DT 23626 479 97 error error NN 23626 479 98 can can MD 23626 479 99 not not RB 23626 479 100 be be VB 23626 479 101 retrieved retrieve VBN 23626 479 102 without without IN 23626 479 103 considerable considerable JJ 23626 479 104 loss loss NN 23626 479 105 , , , 23626 479 106 and and CC 23626 479 107 probable probable JJ 23626 479 108 ruin ruin NN 23626 479 109 to to IN 23626 479 110 the the DT 23626 479 111 stone stone NN 23626 479 112 . . . 23626 480 1 In in IN 23626 480 2 the the DT 23626 480 3 case case NN 23626 480 4 of of IN 23626 480 5 the the DT 23626 480 6 Cullinan Cullinan NNP 23626 480 7 diamonds diamond NNS 23626 480 8 , , , 23626 480 9 the the DT 23626 480 10 two two CD 23626 480 11 largest large JJS 23626 480 12 of of IN 23626 480 13 which which WDT 23626 480 14 are be VBP 23626 480 15 called call VBN 23626 480 16 the the DT 23626 480 17 Stars Stars NNPS 23626 480 18 of of IN 23626 480 19 Africa Africa NNP 23626 480 20 , , , 23626 480 21 74 74 CD 23626 480 22 facets facet NNS 23626 480 23 were be VBD 23626 480 24 cut cut VBN 23626 480 25 in in IN 23626 480 26 the the DT 23626 480 27 largest large JJS 23626 480 28 portion portion NN 23626 480 29 , , , 23626 480 30 while while IN 23626 480 31 in in IN 23626 480 32 the the DT 23626 480 33 next next RB 23626 480 34 largest large JJS 23626 480 35 the the DT 23626 480 36 experts expert NNS 23626 480 37 decided decide VBD 23626 480 38 to to TO 23626 480 39 make make VB 23626 480 40 66 66 CD 23626 480 41 , , , 23626 480 42 and and CC 23626 480 43 , , , 23626 480 44 as as IN 23626 480 45 already already RB 23626 480 46 pointed point VBD 23626 480 47 out out RP 23626 480 48 , , , 23626 480 49 these these DT 23626 480 50 stones stone NNS 23626 480 51 are be VBP 23626 480 52 , , , 23626 480 53 up up IN 23626 480 54 to to IN 23626 480 55 the the DT 23626 480 56 present present JJ 23626 480 57 time time NN 23626 480 58 , , , 23626 480 59 the the DT 23626 480 60 most most RBS 23626 480 61 magnificent magnificent JJ 23626 480 62 in in IN 23626 480 63 fire fire NN 23626 480 64 , , , 23626 480 65 beauty beauty NN 23626 480 66 and and CC 23626 480 67 purity purity NN 23626 480 68 ever ever RB 23626 480 69 discovered discover VBD 23626 480 70 . . . 23626 481 1 The the DT 23626 481 2 positions position NNS 23626 481 3 and and CC 23626 481 4 angles angle NNS 23626 481 5 of of IN 23626 481 6 the the DT 23626 481 7 facets facet NNS 23626 481 8 , , , 23626 481 9 as as RB 23626 481 10 well well RB 23626 481 11 as as IN 23626 481 12 the the DT 23626 481 13 number number NN 23626 481 14 , , , 23626 481 15 are be VBP 23626 481 16 of of IN 23626 481 17 supreme supreme NNP 23626 481 18 importance importance NNP 23626 481 19 , , , 23626 481 20 and and CC 23626 481 21 diamond diamond NN 23626 481 22 cutters cutter NNS 23626 481 23 -- -- : 23626 481 24 even even RB 23626 481 25 though though IN 23626 481 26 they -PRON- PRP 23626 481 27 have have VBP 23626 481 28 rules rule NNS 23626 481 29 regulating regulate VBG 23626 481 30 these these DT 23626 481 31 matters matter NNS 23626 481 32 , , , 23626 481 33 according accord VBG 23626 481 34 to to IN 23626 481 35 the the DT 23626 481 36 weight weight NN 23626 481 37 and and CC 23626 481 38 size size NN 23626 481 39 of of IN 23626 481 40 the the DT 23626 481 41 stone stone NN 23626 481 42 -- -- : 23626 481 43 must must MD 23626 481 44 exercise exercise VB 23626 481 45 the the DT 23626 481 46 greatest great JJS 23626 481 47 care care NN 23626 481 48 and and CC 23626 481 49 exactitude exactitude NN 23626 481 50 , , , 23626 481 51 for for IN 23626 481 52 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 481 53 decision decision NN 23626 481 54 once once RB 23626 481 55 made make VBN 23626 481 56 is be VBZ 23626 481 57 practically practically RB 23626 481 58 unalterable unalterable JJ 23626 481 59 . . . 23626 482 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 23626 482 2 XII XII NNP 23626 482 3 . . . 23626 483 1 IMITATIONS imitations NN 23626 483 2 , , , 23626 483 3 AND and CC 23626 483 4 SOME some NN 23626 483 5 OF of IN 23626 483 6 THE the DT 23626 483 7 TESTS TESTS NNP 23626 483 8 , , , 23626 483 9 OF of IN 23626 483 10 PRECIOUS PRECIOUS NNP 23626 483 11 STONES STONES NNP 23626 483 12 . . . 23626 484 1 We -PRON- PRP 23626 484 2 now now RB 23626 484 3 arrive arrive VBP 23626 484 4 at at IN 23626 484 5 the the DT 23626 484 6 point point NN 23626 484 7 where where WRB 23626 484 8 it -PRON- PRP 23626 484 9 is be VBZ 23626 484 10 necessary necessary JJ 23626 484 11 to to TO 23626 484 12 discuss discuss VB 23626 484 13 the the DT 23626 484 14 manufacture manufacture NN 23626 484 15 and and CC 23626 484 16 re re NN 23626 484 17 - - NN 23626 484 18 formation formation NN 23626 484 19 of of IN 23626 484 20 precious precious JJ 23626 484 21 stones stone NNS 23626 484 22 , , , 23626 484 23 and and CC 23626 484 24 also also RB 23626 484 25 to to TO 23626 484 26 consider consider VB 23626 484 27 a a DT 23626 484 28 few few JJ 23626 484 29 of of IN 23626 484 30 the the DT 23626 484 31 tests test NNS 23626 484 32 which which WDT 23626 484 33 may may MD 23626 484 34 be be VB 23626 484 35 applied apply VBN 23626 484 36 to to IN 23626 484 37 _ _ NNP 23626 484 38 all all DT 23626 484 39 _ _ NNP 23626 484 40 stones stone NNS 23626 484 41 . . . 23626 485 1 These these DT 23626 485 2 are be VBP 23626 485 3 given give VBN 23626 485 4 here here RB 23626 485 5 in in IN 23626 485 6 order order NN 23626 485 7 to to TO 23626 485 8 save save VB 23626 485 9 needless needless JJ 23626 485 10 repetition repetition NN 23626 485 11 ; ; : 23626 485 12 the the DT 23626 485 13 tests test NNS 23626 485 14 which which WDT 23626 485 15 are be VBP 23626 485 16 specially specially RB 23626 485 17 applicable applicable JJ 23626 485 18 to to IN 23626 485 19 individual individual JJ 23626 485 20 stones stone NNS 23626 485 21 will will MD 23626 485 22 more more RBR 23626 485 23 properly properly RB 23626 485 24 be be VB 23626 485 25 found find VBN 23626 485 26 under under IN 23626 485 27 the the DT 23626 485 28 description description NN 23626 485 29 of of IN 23626 485 30 the the DT 23626 485 31 stone stone NN 23626 485 32 referred refer VBD 23626 485 33 to to IN 23626 485 34 , , , 23626 485 35 so so IN 23626 485 36 that that IN 23626 485 37 the the DT 23626 485 38 present present JJ 23626 485 39 chapter chapter NN 23626 485 40 will will MD 23626 485 41 be be VB 23626 485 42 devoted devote VBN 23626 485 43 chiefly chiefly RB 23626 485 44 to to IN 23626 485 45 generalities generality NNS 23626 485 46 . . . 23626 486 1 With with IN 23626 486 2 regard regard NN 23626 486 3 to to IN 23626 486 4 diamonds diamond NNS 23626 486 5 , , , 23626 486 6 the the DT 23626 486 7 manufacture manufacture NN 23626 486 8 of of IN 23626 486 9 these these DT 23626 486 10 has have VBZ 23626 486 11 not not RB 23626 486 12 as as RB 23626 486 13 yet yet RB 23626 486 14 been be VBN 23626 486 15 very very RB 23626 486 16 successful successful JJ 23626 486 17 . . . 23626 487 1 As as IN 23626 487 2 will will MD 23626 487 3 be be VB 23626 487 4 seen see VBN 23626 487 5 on on IN 23626 487 6 reference reference NN 23626 487 7 to to IN 23626 487 8 Chapter Chapter NNP 23626 487 9 II II NNP 23626 487 10 . . NNP 23626 487 11 , , , 23626 487 12 on on IN 23626 487 13 " " `` 23626 487 14 the the DT 23626 487 15 Origin Origin NNP 23626 487 16 of of IN 23626 487 17 Precious Precious NNP 23626 487 18 Stones Stones NNPS 23626 487 19 , , , 23626 487 20 " " '' 23626 487 21 it -PRON- PRP 23626 487 22 is be VBZ 23626 487 23 generally generally RB 23626 487 24 admitted admit VBN 23626 487 25 that that IN 23626 487 26 these these DT 23626 487 27 beautiful beautiful JJ 23626 487 28 and and CC 23626 487 29 valuable valuable JJ 23626 487 30 minerals mineral NNS 23626 487 31 are be VBP 23626 487 32 caused cause VBN 23626 487 33 by by IN 23626 487 34 chemically chemically RB 23626 487 35 - - HYPH 23626 487 36 charged charge VBN 23626 487 37 water water NN 23626 487 38 and and CC 23626 487 39 occasionally occasionally RB 23626 487 40 , , , 23626 487 41 though though IN 23626 487 42 not not RB 23626 487 43 always always RB 23626 487 44 , , , 23626 487 45 high high JJ 23626 487 46 temperature temperature NN 23626 487 47 , , , 23626 487 48 but but CC 23626 487 49 invariably invariably RB 23626 487 50 beautified beautify VBD 23626 487 51 and and CC 23626 487 52 brought bring VBD 23626 487 53 to to IN 23626 487 54 the the DT 23626 487 55 condition condition NN 23626 487 56 in in IN 23626 487 57 which which WDT 23626 487 58 they -PRON- PRP 23626 487 59 are be VBP 23626 487 60 obtained obtain VBN 23626 487 61 by by IN 23626 487 62 the the DT 23626 487 63 action action NN 23626 487 64 of of IN 23626 487 65 weight weight NN 23626 487 66 and and CC 23626 487 67 pressure pressure NN 23626 487 68 , , , 23626 487 69 extending extend VBG 23626 487 70 unbroken unbroken VBN 23626 487 71 through through IN 23626 487 72 perhaps perhaps RB 23626 487 73 ages age NNS 23626 487 74 of of IN 23626 487 75 time time NN 23626 487 76 . . . 23626 488 1 In in IN 23626 488 2 these these DT 23626 488 3 circumstances circumstance NNS 23626 488 4 , , , 23626 488 5 science science NN 23626 488 6 , , , 23626 488 7 though though IN 23626 488 8 able able JJ 23626 488 9 to to TO 23626 488 10 give give VB 23626 488 11 chemical chemical NN 23626 488 12 properties property NNS 23626 488 13 and and CC 23626 488 14 pressure pressure NN 23626 488 15 , , , 23626 488 16 can can MD 23626 488 17 not not RB 23626 488 18 , , , 23626 488 19 of of IN 23626 488 20 course course NN 23626 488 21 , , , 23626 488 22 maintain maintain VB 23626 488 23 these these DT 23626 488 24 continuously continuously RB 23626 488 25 for for IN 23626 488 26 " " `` 23626 488 27 ages age NNS 23626 488 28 , , , 23626 488 29 " " '' 23626 488 30 therefore therefore RB 23626 488 31 the the DT 23626 488 32 chemist chemist NN 23626 488 33 must must MD 23626 488 34 manufacture manufacture VB 23626 488 35 the the DT 23626 488 36 jewels jewel NNS 23626 488 37 in in IN 23626 488 38 such such JJ 23626 488 39 manner manner NN 23626 488 40 that that IN 23626 488 41 he -PRON- PRP 23626 488 42 may may MD 23626 488 43 soon soon RB 23626 488 44 see see VB 23626 488 45 the the DT 23626 488 46 results result NNS 23626 488 47 of of IN 23626 488 48 his -PRON- PRP$ 23626 488 49 labours labour NNS 23626 488 50 , , , 23626 488 51 and and CC 23626 488 52 though though IN 23626 488 53 real real JJ 23626 488 54 diamonds diamond NNS 23626 488 55 may may MD 23626 488 56 be be VB 23626 488 57 made make VBN 23626 488 58 , , , 23626 488 59 and and CC 23626 488 60 with with IN 23626 488 61 comparative comparative JJ 23626 488 62 ease ease NN 23626 488 63 , , , 23626 488 64 from from IN 23626 488 65 boron boron NN 23626 488 66 in in IN 23626 488 67 the the DT 23626 488 68 amorphous amorphous JJ 23626 488 69 or or CC 23626 488 70 pure pure JJ 23626 488 71 state state NN 23626 488 72 along along IN 23626 488 73 with with IN 23626 488 74 aluminium aluminium NN 23626 488 75 , , , 23626 488 76 fused fuse VBN 23626 488 77 in in IN 23626 488 78 a a DT 23626 488 79 crucible crucible NN 23626 488 80 at at IN 23626 488 81 a a DT 23626 488 82 high high JJ 23626 488 83 temperature temperature NN 23626 488 84 , , , 23626 488 85 these these DT 23626 488 86 diamonds diamond NNS 23626 488 87 are be VBP 23626 488 88 but but CC 23626 488 89 microscopic microscopic JJ 23626 488 90 , , , 23626 488 91 nor nor CC 23626 488 92 can can MD 23626 488 93 a a DT 23626 488 94 number number NN 23626 488 95 of of IN 23626 488 96 them -PRON- PRP 23626 488 97 be be VB 23626 488 98 fused fuse VBN 23626 488 99 , , , 23626 488 100 or or CC 23626 488 101 in in IN 23626 488 102 any any DT 23626 488 103 other other JJ 23626 488 104 way way NN 23626 488 105 converted convert VBN 23626 488 106 into into IN 23626 488 107 a a DT 23626 488 108 large large JJ 23626 488 109 single single JJ 23626 488 110 stone stone NN 23626 488 111 , , , 23626 488 112 so so IN 23626 488 113 that that IN 23626 488 114 imitation imitation NN 23626 488 115 stones stone NNS 23626 488 116 , , , 23626 488 117 to to TO 23626 488 118 be be VB 23626 488 119 of of IN 23626 488 120 any any DT 23626 488 121 service service NN 23626 488 122 must must MD 23626 488 123 be be VB 23626 488 124 made make VBN 23626 488 125 of of IN 23626 488 126 a a DT 23626 488 127 good good JJ 23626 488 128 clear clear JJ 23626 488 129 glass glass NN 23626 488 130 . . . 23626 489 1 The the DT 23626 489 2 glass glass NN 23626 489 3 for for IN 23626 489 4 this this DT 23626 489 5 purpose purpose NN 23626 489 6 is be VBZ 23626 489 7 usually usually RB 23626 489 8 composed compose VBN 23626 489 9 of of IN 23626 489 10 53.70 53.70 CD 23626 489 11 per per NN 23626 489 12 cent cent NN 23626 489 13 . . . 23626 490 1 of of IN 23626 490 2 red red NNP 23626 490 3 lead lead NN 23626 490 4 , , , 23626 490 5 38.48 38.48 CD 23626 490 6 per per NN 23626 490 7 cent cent NN 23626 490 8 . . . 23626 491 1 of of IN 23626 491 2 pure pure JJ 23626 491 3 quartz quartz NN 23626 491 4 in in IN 23626 491 5 fine fine JJ 23626 491 6 powder powder NN 23626 491 7 , , , 23626 491 8 preferably preferably RB 23626 491 9 water water NN 23626 491 10 - - HYPH 23626 491 11 ground ground NN 23626 491 12 , , , 23626 491 13 and and CC 23626 491 14 7.82 7.82 CD 23626 491 15 per per IN 23626 491 16 cent cent NN 23626 491 17 . . . 23626 492 1 of of IN 23626 492 2 carbonate carbonate NN 23626 492 3 of of IN 23626 492 4 potash potash NN 23626 492 5 , , , 23626 492 6 the the DT 23626 492 7 whole whole JJ 23626 492 8 coloured coloured NN 23626 492 9 when when WRB 23626 492 10 necessary necessary JJ 23626 492 11 with with IN 23626 492 12 metallic metallic JJ 23626 492 13 oxides oxide NNS 23626 492 14 of of IN 23626 492 15 a a DT 23626 492 16 similar similar JJ 23626 492 17 nature nature NN 23626 492 18 to to IN 23626 492 19 the the DT 23626 492 20 constituents constituent NNS 23626 492 21 of of IN 23626 492 22 the the DT 23626 492 23 natural natural JJ 23626 492 24 stones stone NNS 23626 492 25 imitated imitate VBN 23626 492 26 . . . 23626 493 1 But but CC 23626 493 2 for for IN 23626 493 3 colourless colourless JJ 23626 493 4 diamonds diamond NNS 23626 493 5 , , , 23626 493 6 the the DT 23626 493 7 glass glass NN 23626 493 8 requires require VBZ 23626 493 9 no no DT 23626 493 10 such such JJ 23626 493 11 addition addition NN 23626 493 12 to to TO 23626 493 13 tint tint VB 23626 493 14 it -PRON- PRP 23626 493 15 . . . 23626 494 1 From from IN 23626 494 2 the the DT 23626 494 3 formula formula NN 23626 494 4 given give VBN 23626 494 5 is be VBZ 23626 494 6 made make VBN 23626 494 7 the the DT 23626 494 8 material material NN 23626 494 9 known know VBN 23626 494 10 as as IN 23626 494 11 " " `` 23626 494 12 strass strass NN 23626 494 13 , , , 23626 494 14 " " '' 23626 494 15 or or CC 23626 494 16 " " `` 23626 494 17 paste paste NN 23626 494 18 , , , 23626 494 19 " " '' 23626 494 20 and and CC 23626 494 21 stones stone NNS 23626 494 22 made make VBN 23626 494 23 of of IN 23626 494 24 it -PRON- PRP 23626 494 25 are be VBP 23626 494 26 mostly mostly RB 23626 494 27 exhibited exhibit VBN 23626 494 28 under under IN 23626 494 29 and and CC 23626 494 30 amongst amongst IN 23626 494 31 brilliant brilliant JJ 23626 494 32 artificial artificial JJ 23626 494 33 lights light NNS 23626 494 34 . . . 23626 495 1 The the DT 23626 495 2 mere mere JJ 23626 495 3 fact fact NN 23626 495 4 that that IN 23626 495 5 they -PRON- PRP 23626 495 6 are be VBP 23626 495 7 sold sell VBN 23626 495 8 cheaply cheaply RB 23626 495 9 is be VBZ 23626 495 10 _ _ NNP 23626 495 11 primâ primâ NN 23626 495 12 facie facie NN 23626 495 13 _ _ NNP 23626 495 14 proof proof NN 23626 495 15 that that IN 23626 495 16 the the DT 23626 495 17 stones stone NNS 23626 495 18 are be VBP 23626 495 19 glass glass NN 23626 495 20 , , , 23626 495 21 for for IN 23626 495 22 it -PRON- PRP 23626 495 23 is be VBZ 23626 495 24 evident evident JJ 23626 495 25 that that IN 23626 495 26 a a DT 23626 495 27 diamond diamond NN 23626 495 28 , , , 23626 495 29 the the DT 23626 495 30 commercial commercial JJ 23626 495 31 value value NN 23626 495 32 of of IN 23626 495 33 which which WDT 23626 495 34 might may MD 23626 495 35 be be VB 23626 495 36 £ £ $ 23626 495 37 50 50 CD 23626 495 38 or or CC 23626 495 39 more more JJR 23626 495 40 , , , 23626 495 41 can can MD 23626 495 42 not not RB 23626 495 43 be be VB 23626 495 44 purchased purchase VBN 23626 495 45 for for IN 23626 495 46 a a DT 23626 495 47 few few JJ 23626 495 48 shillings shilling NNS 23626 495 49 and and CC 23626 495 50 be be VB 23626 495 51 genuine genuine JJ 23626 495 52 . . . 23626 496 1 So so RB 23626 496 2 long long RB 23626 496 3 as as IN 23626 496 4 this this DT 23626 496 5 is be VBZ 23626 496 6 understood understand VBN 23626 496 7 and and CC 23626 496 8 the the DT 23626 496 9 stone stone NN 23626 496 10 is be VBZ 23626 496 11 sold sell VBN 23626 496 12 for for IN 23626 496 13 the the DT 23626 496 14 few few JJ 23626 496 15 shillings shilling NNS 23626 496 16 , , , 23626 496 17 no no DT 23626 496 18 harm harm NN 23626 496 19 is be VBZ 23626 496 20 done do VBN 23626 496 21 ; ; : 23626 496 22 but but CC 23626 496 23 to to TO 23626 496 24 offer offer VB 23626 496 25 it -PRON- PRP 23626 496 26 as as IN 23626 496 27 a a DT 23626 496 28 genuine genuine JJ 23626 496 29 stone stone NN 23626 496 30 and and CC 23626 496 31 at at IN 23626 496 32 the the DT 23626 496 33 price price NN 23626 496 34 of of IN 23626 496 35 a a DT 23626 496 36 genuine genuine JJ 23626 496 37 stone stone NN 23626 496 38 , , , 23626 496 39 would would MD 23626 496 40 amount amount VB 23626 496 41 to to IN 23626 496 42 fraud fraud NN 23626 496 43 , , , 23626 496 44 and and CC 23626 496 45 be be VB 23626 496 46 punishable punishable JJ 23626 496 47 accordingly accordingly RB 23626 496 48 . . . 23626 497 1 Some some DT 23626 497 2 of of IN 23626 497 3 these these DT 23626 497 4 " " `` 23626 497 5 paste paste NN 23626 497 6 , , , 23626 497 7 " " '' 23626 497 8 or or CC 23626 497 9 " " `` 23626 497 10 white white JJ 23626 497 11 stones stone NNS 23626 497 12 , , , 23626 497 13 " " '' 23626 497 14 as as IN 23626 497 15 they -PRON- PRP 23626 497 16 are be VBP 23626 497 17 called call VBN 23626 497 18 in in IN 23626 497 19 the the DT 23626 497 20 trade trade NN 23626 497 21 , , , 23626 497 22 are be VBP 23626 497 23 cut cut VBN 23626 497 24 and and CC 23626 497 25 polished polish VBN 23626 497 26 exactly exactly RB 23626 497 27 like like IN 23626 497 28 a a DT 23626 497 29 diamond diamond NN 23626 497 30 , , , 23626 497 31 and and CC 23626 497 32 with with IN 23626 497 33 such such JJ 23626 497 34 success success NN 23626 497 35 as as RB 23626 497 36 occasionally occasionally RB 23626 497 37 to to TO 23626 497 38 deceive deceive VB 23626 497 39 all all DT 23626 497 40 but but CC 23626 497 41 experts expert NNS 23626 497 42 . . . 23626 498 1 Such such JJ 23626 498 2 imitations imitation NNS 23626 498 3 are be VBP 23626 498 4 costly costly JJ 23626 498 5 , , , 23626 498 6 though though RB 23626 498 7 , , , 23626 498 8 of of IN 23626 498 9 course course NN 23626 498 10 , , , 23626 498 11 not not RB 23626 498 12 approaching approach VBG 23626 498 13 the the DT 23626 498 14 value value NN 23626 498 15 of of IN 23626 498 16 the the DT 23626 498 17 real real JJ 23626 498 18 stones stone NNS 23626 498 19 ; ; : 23626 498 20 it -PRON- PRP 23626 498 21 being be VBG 23626 498 22 no no DT 23626 498 23 uncommon uncommon JJ 23626 498 24 thing thing NN 23626 498 25 for for IN 23626 498 26 valuable valuable JJ 23626 498 27 jewels jewel NNS 23626 498 28 to to TO 23626 498 29 be be VB 23626 498 30 duplicated duplicate VBN 23626 498 31 in in IN 23626 498 32 paste paste NN 23626 498 33 , , , 23626 498 34 whilst whilst IN 23626 498 35 the the DT 23626 498 36 originals original NNS 23626 498 37 are be VBP 23626 498 38 kept keep VBN 23626 498 39 in in IN 23626 498 40 the the DT 23626 498 41 strong strong JJ 23626 498 42 room room NN 23626 498 43 of of IN 23626 498 44 a a DT 23626 498 45 bank bank NN 23626 498 46 or or CC 23626 498 47 safe safe JJ 23626 498 48 - - HYPH 23626 498 49 deposit deposit NN 23626 498 50 . . . 23626 499 1 In in IN 23626 499 2 all all DT 23626 499 3 cases case NNS 23626 499 4 , , , 23626 499 5 however however RB 23626 499 6 , , , 23626 499 7 a a DT 23626 499 8 hard hard JJ 23626 499 9 file file NN 23626 499 10 will will MD 23626 499 11 abrade abrade VB 23626 499 12 the the DT 23626 499 13 surface surface NN 23626 499 14 of of IN 23626 499 15 the the DT 23626 499 16 false false JJ 23626 499 17 stone stone NN 23626 499 18 . . . 23626 500 1 In in IN 23626 500 2 chapter chapter NN 23626 500 3 VII VII NNP 23626 500 4 . . . 23626 501 1 we -PRON- PRP 23626 501 2 found find VBD 23626 501 3 that that IN 23626 501 4 quartz quartz NN 23626 501 5 is be VBZ 23626 501 6 in in IN 23626 501 7 the the DT 23626 501 8 seventh seventh JJ 23626 501 9 degree degree NN 23626 501 10 of of IN 23626 501 11 hardness hardness NN 23626 501 12 , , , 23626 501 13 and and CC 23626 501 14 an an DT 23626 501 15 ordinary ordinary JJ 23626 501 16 file file NN 23626 501 17 is be VBZ 23626 501 18 but but CC 23626 501 19 a a DT 23626 501 20 shade shade NN 23626 501 21 harder hard RBR 23626 501 22 than than IN 23626 501 23 this this DT 23626 501 24 , , , 23626 501 25 so so IN 23626 501 26 that that IN 23626 501 27 almost almost RB 23626 501 28 all all DT 23626 501 29 stones stone NNS 23626 501 30 higher high JJR 23626 501 31 than than IN 23626 501 32 No no UH 23626 501 33 . . . 23626 502 1 7 7 CD 23626 502 2 are be VBP 23626 502 3 unaffected unaffected JJ 23626 502 4 by by IN 23626 502 5 a a DT 23626 502 6 file file NN 23626 502 7 unless unless IN 23626 502 8 it -PRON- PRP 23626 502 9 is be VBZ 23626 502 10 used use VBN 23626 502 11 roughly roughly RB 23626 502 12 , , , 23626 502 13 so so IN 23626 502 14 as as IN 23626 502 15 to to TO 23626 502 16 break break VB 23626 502 17 a a DT 23626 502 18 sharp sharp JJ 23626 502 19 edge edge NN 23626 502 20 . . . 23626 503 1 In in IN 23626 503 2 order order NN 23626 503 3 to to TO 23626 503 4 prepare prepare VB 23626 503 5 artificial artificial JJ 23626 503 6 diamonds diamond NNS 23626 503 7 and and CC 23626 503 8 other other JJ 23626 503 9 stones stone NNS 23626 503 10 for for IN 23626 503 11 the the DT 23626 503 12 file file NN 23626 503 13 and and CC 23626 503 14 various various JJ 23626 503 15 tests test NNS 23626 503 16 , , , 23626 503 17 they -PRON- PRP 23626 503 18 are be VBP 23626 503 19 often often RB 23626 503 20 what what WP 23626 503 21 is be VBZ 23626 503 22 called call VBN 23626 503 23 " " `` 23626 503 24 converted convert VBN 23626 503 25 " " '' 23626 503 26 into into IN 23626 503 27 " " `` 23626 503 28 doublets doublet NNS 23626 503 29 " " '' 23626 503 30 or or CC 23626 503 31 " " `` 23626 503 32 triplets triplet NNS 23626 503 33 . . . 23626 503 34 " " '' 23626 504 1 These these DT 23626 504 2 are be VBP 23626 504 3 made make VBN 23626 504 4 as as IN 23626 504 5 follows follow VBZ 23626 504 6 : : : 23626 504 7 the the DT 23626 504 8 body body NN 23626 504 9 of of IN 23626 504 10 the the DT 23626 504 11 glass glass NN 23626 504 12 is be VBZ 23626 504 13 of of IN 23626 504 14 paste paste NN 23626 504 15 , , , 23626 504 16 and and CC 23626 504 17 on on IN 23626 504 18 the the DT 23626 504 19 " " `` 23626 504 20 table table NN 23626 504 21 " " '' 23626 504 22 ( ( -LRB- 23626 504 23 see see VB 23626 504 24 last last JJ 23626 504 25 chapter chapter NN 23626 504 26 ) ) -RRB- 23626 504 27 , , , 23626 504 28 and and CC 23626 504 29 perhaps perhaps RB 23626 504 30 on on IN 23626 504 31 the the DT 23626 504 32 broader broad JJR 23626 504 33 facets facet NNS 23626 504 34 , , , 23626 504 35 there there EX 23626 504 36 will will MD 23626 504 37 be be VB 23626 504 38 placed place VBN 23626 504 39 a a DT 23626 504 40 very very RB 23626 504 41 thin thin JJ 23626 504 42 slab slab NN 23626 504 43 of of IN 23626 504 44 the the DT 23626 504 45 real real JJ 23626 504 46 stone stone NN 23626 504 47 , , , 23626 504 48 attached attach VBN 23626 504 49 by by IN 23626 504 50 cement cement NN 23626 504 51 . . . 23626 505 1 In in IN 23626 505 2 the the DT 23626 505 3 case case NN 23626 505 4 of of IN 23626 505 5 the the DT 23626 505 6 diamond diamond NN 23626 505 7 , , , 23626 505 8 the the DT 23626 505 9 body body NN 23626 505 10 is be VBZ 23626 505 11 clear clear JJ 23626 505 12 , , , 23626 505 13 but but CC 23626 505 14 in in IN 23626 505 15 the the DT 23626 505 16 coloured coloured JJ 23626 505 17 imitations imitation NNS 23626 505 18 the the DT 23626 505 19 paste paste NN 23626 505 20 portion portion NN 23626 505 21 is be VBZ 23626 505 22 made make VBN 23626 505 23 somewhat somewhat RB 23626 505 24 lighter light JJR 23626 505 25 in in IN 23626 505 26 shade shade NN 23626 505 27 than than IN 23626 505 28 the the DT 23626 505 29 real real JJ 23626 505 30 stone stone NN 23626 505 31 would would MD 23626 505 32 be be VB 23626 505 33 , , , 23626 505 34 the the DT 23626 505 35 portion portion NN 23626 505 36 below below IN 23626 505 37 the the DT 23626 505 38 girdle girdle NN 23626 505 39 being be VBG 23626 505 40 coloured colour VBN 23626 505 41 chemically chemically RB 23626 505 42 , , , 23626 505 43 or or CC 23626 505 44 mounted mount VBD 23626 505 45 in in IN 23626 505 46 a a DT 23626 505 47 coloured coloured JJ 23626 505 48 backing backing NN 23626 505 49 . . . 23626 506 1 Such such PDT 23626 506 2 a a DT 23626 506 3 stone stone NN 23626 506 4 will will MD 23626 506 5 , , , 23626 506 6 of of IN 23626 506 7 course course NN 23626 506 8 , , , 23626 506 9 stand stand VB 23626 506 10 most most JJS 23626 506 11 tests test NNS 23626 506 12 , , , 23626 506 13 for for IN 23626 506 14 the the DT 23626 506 15 parts part NNS 23626 506 16 usually usually RB 23626 506 17 tested test VBN 23626 506 18 are be VBP 23626 506 19 genuine genuine JJ 23626 506 20 . . . 23626 507 1 A a DT 23626 507 2 stone stone NN 23626 507 3 of of IN 23626 507 4 this this DT 23626 507 5 nature nature NN 23626 507 6 is be VBZ 23626 507 7 called call VBN 23626 507 8 a a DT 23626 507 9 " " `` 23626 507 10 doublet doublet NN 23626 507 11 , , , 23626 507 12 " " '' 23626 507 13 and and CC 23626 507 14 it -PRON- PRP 23626 507 15 is be VBZ 23626 507 16 evident evident JJ 23626 507 17 that that IN 23626 507 18 when when WRB 23626 507 19 it -PRON- PRP 23626 507 20 is be VBZ 23626 507 21 tested test VBN 23626 507 22 on on IN 23626 507 23 the the DT 23626 507 24 underside underside NN 23626 507 25 , , , 23626 507 26 it -PRON- PRP 23626 507 27 will will MD 23626 507 28 prove prove VB 23626 507 29 too too RB 23626 507 30 soft soft JJ 23626 507 31 , , , 23626 507 32 therefore therefore RB 23626 507 33 the the DT 23626 507 34 " " `` 23626 507 35 triplet triplet NN 23626 507 36 " " '' 23626 507 37 has have VBZ 23626 507 38 been be VBN 23626 507 39 introduced introduce VBN 23626 507 40 . . . 23626 508 1 This this DT 23626 508 2 is be VBZ 23626 508 3 exactly exactly RB 23626 508 4 on on IN 23626 508 5 the the DT 23626 508 6 lines line NNS 23626 508 7 of of IN 23626 508 8 the the DT 23626 508 9 doublet doublet NN 23626 508 10 , , , 23626 508 11 except except IN 23626 508 12 that that IN 23626 508 13 the the DT 23626 508 14 collet collet NN 23626 508 15 and and CC 23626 508 16 perhaps perhaps RB 23626 508 17 the the DT 23626 508 18 pavilions pavilion NNS 23626 508 19 are be VBP 23626 508 20 covered cover VBN 23626 508 21 also also RB 23626 508 22 , , , 23626 508 23 so so IN 23626 508 24 that that IN 23626 508 25 the the DT 23626 508 26 girdle girdle NN 23626 508 27 , , , 23626 508 28 which which WDT 23626 508 29 is be VBZ 23626 508 30 generally generally RB 23626 508 31 encased encase VBN 23626 508 32 by by IN 23626 508 33 the the DT 23626 508 34 mounting mounting NN 23626 508 35 , , , 23626 508 36 is be VBZ 23626 508 37 the the DT 23626 508 38 only only JJ 23626 508 39 surface surface NN 23626 508 40 - - HYPH 23626 508 41 portion portion NN 23626 508 42 of of IN 23626 508 43 paste paste NN 23626 508 44 . . . 23626 509 1 In in IN 23626 509 2 other other JJ 23626 509 3 cases case NNS 23626 509 4 the the DT 23626 509 5 whole whole NN 23626 509 6 of of IN 23626 509 7 the the DT 23626 509 8 crown crown NN 23626 509 9 is be VBZ 23626 509 10 genuine genuine JJ 23626 509 11 , , , 23626 509 12 whilst whilst RB 23626 509 13 often often RB 23626 509 14 both both CC 23626 509 15 the the DT 23626 509 16 upper upper JJ 23626 509 17 and and CC 23626 509 18 lower low JJR 23626 509 19 portions portion NNS 23626 509 20 are be VBP 23626 509 21 solid solid JJ 23626 509 22 and and CC 23626 509 23 genuine genuine JJ 23626 509 24 , , , 23626 509 25 the the DT 23626 509 26 saving saving NN 23626 509 27 being be VBG 23626 509 28 effected effect VBN 23626 509 29 by by IN 23626 509 30 using use VBG 23626 509 31 a a DT 23626 509 32 paste paste NN 23626 509 33 centre centre NN 23626 509 34 at at IN 23626 509 35 the the DT 23626 509 36 girdle girdle NN 23626 509 37 , , , 23626 509 38 covered cover VBN 23626 509 39 by by IN 23626 509 40 the the DT 23626 509 41 mounting mounting NN 23626 509 42 . . . 23626 510 1 Such such PDT 23626 510 2 a a DT 23626 510 3 stone stone NN 23626 510 4 as as IN 23626 510 5 this this DT 23626 510 6 last last JJ 23626 510 7 mentioned mention VBN 23626 510 8 is be VBZ 23626 510 9 often often RB 23626 510 10 difficult difficult JJ 23626 510 11 to to TO 23626 510 12 detect detect VB 23626 510 13 without without IN 23626 510 14 using use VBG 23626 510 15 severe severe JJ 23626 510 16 tests test NNS 23626 510 17 and and CC 23626 510 18 desperate desperate JJ 23626 510 19 means mean NNS 23626 510 20 , , , 23626 510 21 e.g. e.g. RB 23626 511 1 : : : 23626 511 2 --(a --(a . 23626 511 3 ) ) -RRB- 23626 511 4 by by IN 23626 511 5 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 511 6 crystalline crystalline NN 23626 511 7 structure structure NN 23626 511 8 ( ( -LRB- 23626 511 9 see see VB 23626 511 10 Chapter Chapter NNP 23626 511 11 III III NNP 23626 511 12 . . . 23626 512 1 ) ) -RRB- 23626 512 2 ; ; : 23626 512 3 ( ( -LRB- 23626 512 4 b b NN 23626 512 5 ) ) -RRB- 23626 512 6 by by IN 23626 512 7 the the DT 23626 512 8 cleavage cleavage NN 23626 512 9 planes plane NNS 23626 512 10 ( ( -LRB- 23626 512 11 see see VB 23626 512 12 Chapter Chapter NNP 23626 512 13 IV IV NNP 23626 512 14 . . . 23626 513 1 ) ) -RRB- 23626 513 2 ; ; : 23626 513 3 ( ( -LRB- 23626 513 4 c c NN 23626 513 5 ) ) -RRB- 23626 513 6 by by IN 23626 513 7 the the DT 23626 513 8 polariscope polariscope NN 23626 513 9 ( ( -LRB- 23626 513 10 see see VB 23626 513 11 Chapter Chapter NNP 23626 513 12 V. V. NNP 23626 513 13 ) ) -RRB- 23626 513 14 ; ; : 23626 513 15 ( ( -LRB- 23626 513 16 d d LS 23626 513 17 ) ) -RRB- 23626 513 18 by by IN 23626 513 19 the the DT 23626 513 20 dichroscope dichroscope NNP 23626 513 21 ( ( -LRB- 23626 513 22 see see VB 23626 513 23 Chapter Chapter NNP 23626 513 24 VI VI NNP 23626 513 25 . . . 23626 514 1 ) ) -RRB- 23626 514 2 ; ; : 23626 514 3 ( ( -LRB- 23626 514 4 e e LS 23626 514 5 ) ) -RRB- 23626 514 6 by by IN 23626 514 7 specific specific JJ 23626 514 8 gravity gravity NN 23626 514 9 ( ( -LRB- 23626 514 10 see see VB 23626 514 11 Chapter chapter NN 23626 514 12 VIII viii NN 23626 514 13 . . . 23626 515 1 ) ) -RRB- 23626 515 2 ; ; : 23626 515 3 ( ( -LRB- 23626 515 4 f f NN 23626 515 5 ) ) -RRB- 23626 515 6 cutting cut VBG 23626 515 7 off off RP 23626 515 8 the the DT 23626 515 9 mounting mounting NN 23626 515 10 , , , 23626 515 11 and and CC 23626 515 12 examining examine VBG 23626 515 13 the the DT 23626 515 14 girdle girdle NN 23626 515 15 ; ; , 23626 515 16 ( ( -LRB- 23626 515 17 g g NN 23626 515 18 ) ) -RRB- 23626 515 19 soaking soak VBG 23626 515 20 the the DT 23626 515 21 stone stone NN 23626 515 22 for for IN 23626 515 23 a a DT 23626 515 24 minute minute NN 23626 515 25 or or CC 23626 515 26 so so RB 23626 515 27 in in IN 23626 515 28 a a DT 23626 515 29 mixture mixture NN 23626 515 30 said say VBD 23626 515 31 to to TO 23626 515 32 have have VB 23626 515 33 been be VBN 23626 515 34 originally originally RB 23626 515 35 discovered discover VBN 23626 515 36 by by IN 23626 515 37 M. M. NNP 23626 515 38 D. D. NNP 23626 515 39 Rothschild Rothschild NNP 23626 515 40 , , , 23626 515 41 and and CC 23626 515 42 composed compose VBN 23626 515 43 of of IN 23626 515 44 hydrofluoric hydrofluoric JJ 23626 515 45 acid acid NN 23626 515 46 and and CC 23626 515 47 ammonia ammonia NNP 23626 515 48 ; ; : 23626 515 49 this this DT 23626 515 50 will will MD 23626 515 51 not not RB 23626 515 52 answer answer VB 23626 515 53 for for IN 23626 515 54 all all DT 23626 515 55 stones stone NNS 23626 515 56 , , , 23626 515 57 but but CC 23626 515 58 is be VBZ 23626 515 59 safe safe JJ 23626 515 60 to to TO 23626 515 61 use use VB 23626 515 62 for for IN 23626 515 63 the the DT 23626 515 64 diamond diamond NN 23626 515 65 and and CC 23626 515 66 a a DT 23626 515 67 few few JJ 23626 515 68 others other NNS 23626 515 69 . . . 23626 516 1 Should Should MD 23626 516 2 the the DT 23626 516 3 jewel jewel NN 23626 516 4 be be VB 23626 516 5 glass glass NN 23626 516 6 , , , 23626 516 7 it -PRON- PRP 23626 516 8 will will MD 23626 516 9 be be VB 23626 516 10 etched etch VBN 23626 516 11 , , , 23626 516 12 if if IN 23626 516 13 not not RB 23626 516 14 completely completely RB 23626 516 15 destroyed destroy VBN 23626 516 16 , , , 23626 516 17 but but CC 23626 516 18 if if IN 23626 516 19 genuine genuine JJ 23626 516 20 , , , 23626 516 21 no no DT 23626 516 22 change change NN 23626 516 23 will will MD 23626 516 24 be be VB 23626 516 25 apparent apparent JJ 23626 516 26 ; ; : 23626 516 27 ( ( -LRB- 23626 516 28 h h NN 23626 516 29 ) ) -RRB- 23626 516 30 soaking soak VBG 23626 516 31 the the DT 23626 516 32 diamond diamond NN 23626 516 33 for for IN 23626 516 34 a a DT 23626 516 35 few few JJ 23626 516 36 minutes minute NNS 23626 516 37 in in IN 23626 516 38 warm warm JJ 23626 516 39 or or CC 23626 516 40 cold cold JJ 23626 516 41 water water NN 23626 516 42 , , , 23626 516 43 in in IN 23626 516 44 alcohol alcohol NN 23626 516 45 , , , 23626 516 46 in in IN 23626 516 47 chloroform chloroform NN 23626 516 48 , , , 23626 516 49 or or CC 23626 516 50 in in IN 23626 516 51 all all PDT 23626 516 52 these these DT 23626 516 53 in in IN 23626 516 54 turn turn NN 23626 516 55 , , , 23626 516 56 when when WRB 23626 516 57 , , , 23626 516 58 if if IN 23626 516 59 a a DT 23626 516 60 doublet doublet NN 23626 516 61 , , , 23626 516 62 or or CC 23626 516 63 triplet triplet NN 23626 516 64 , , , 23626 516 65 it -PRON- PRP 23626 516 66 will will MD 23626 516 67 tumble tumble VB 23626 516 68 to to IN 23626 516 69 pieces piece NNS 23626 516 70 where where WRB 23626 516 71 joined join VBN 23626 516 72 together together RB 23626 516 73 by by IN 23626 516 74 the the DT 23626 516 75 cement cement NN 23626 516 76 , , , 23626 516 77 which which WDT 23626 516 78 will will MD 23626 516 79 have have VB 23626 516 80 been be VBN 23626 516 81 dissolved dissolve VBN 23626 516 82 . . . 23626 517 1 It -PRON- PRP 23626 517 2 is be VBZ 23626 517 3 , , , 23626 517 4 however however RB 23626 517 5 , , , 23626 517 6 seldom seldom RB 23626 517 7 necessary necessary JJ 23626 517 8 to to TO 23626 517 9 test test VB 23626 517 10 so so RB 23626 517 11 far far RB 23626 517 12 , , , 23626 517 13 for for IN 23626 517 14 an an DT 23626 517 15 examination examination NN 23626 517 16 under under IN 23626 517 17 the the DT 23626 517 18 microscope microscope NN 23626 517 19 , , , 23626 517 20 even even RB 23626 517 21 with with IN 23626 517 22 low low JJ 23626 517 23 power power NN 23626 517 24 , , , 23626 517 25 is be VBZ 23626 517 26 usually usually RB 23626 517 27 sufficient sufficient JJ 23626 517 28 to to TO 23626 517 29 detect detect VB 23626 517 30 in in IN 23626 517 31 the the DT 23626 517 32 glass glass NN 23626 517 33 the the DT 23626 517 34 air air NN 23626 517 35 - - HYPH 23626 517 36 bubbles bubble NNS 23626 517 37 which which WDT 23626 517 38 are be VBP 23626 517 39 almost almost RB 23626 517 40 inseparable inseparable JJ 23626 517 41 from from IN 23626 517 42 glass glass NN 23626 517 43 - - HYPH 23626 517 44 mixtures mixture NNS 23626 517 45 , , , 23626 517 46 though though IN 23626 517 47 they -PRON- PRP 23626 517 48 do do VBP 23626 517 49 not not RB 23626 517 50 detract detract VB 23626 517 51 from from IN 23626 517 52 the the DT 23626 517 53 physical physical JJ 23626 517 54 properties property NNS 23626 517 55 of of IN 23626 517 56 the the DT 23626 517 57 glass glass NN 23626 517 58 . . . 23626 518 1 The the DT 23626 518 2 higher high JJR 23626 518 3 powers power NNS 23626 518 4 of of IN 23626 518 5 the the DT 23626 518 6 same same JJ 23626 518 7 instrument instrument NN 23626 518 8 will will MD 23626 518 9 almost almost RB 23626 518 10 always always RB 23626 518 11 define define VB 23626 518 12 the the DT 23626 518 13 junction junction NN 23626 518 14 and and CC 23626 518 15 the the DT 23626 518 16 layer layer NN 23626 518 17 or or CC 23626 518 18 layers layer NNS 23626 518 19 of of IN 23626 518 20 cement cement NN 23626 518 21 , , , 23626 518 22 no no RB 23626 518 23 matter matter RB 23626 518 24 how how WRB 23626 518 25 delicate delicate JJ 23626 518 26 a a DT 23626 518 27 film film NN 23626 518 28 may may MD 23626 518 29 have have VB 23626 518 30 been be VBN 23626 518 31 used use VBN 23626 518 32 . . . 23626 519 1 Any any DT 23626 519 2 one one CD 23626 519 3 of of IN 23626 519 4 these these DT 23626 519 5 tests test NNS 23626 519 6 is be VBZ 23626 519 7 sufficient sufficient JJ 23626 519 8 to to TO 23626 519 9 isolate isolate VB 23626 519 10 a a DT 23626 519 11 false false JJ 23626 519 12 stone stone NN 23626 519 13 . . . 23626 520 1 Some some DT 23626 520 2 of of IN 23626 520 3 the the DT 23626 520 4 softer soft JJR 23626 520 5 genuine genuine JJ 23626 520 6 stones stone NNS 23626 520 7 may may MD 23626 520 8 be be VB 23626 520 9 fused fuse VBN 23626 520 10 together together RB 23626 520 11 with with IN 23626 520 12 splinters splinter NNS 23626 520 13 , , , 23626 520 14 dust dust NN 23626 520 15 , , , 23626 520 16 and and CC 23626 520 17 cuttings cutting NNS 23626 520 18 of of IN 23626 520 19 the the DT 23626 520 20 same same JJ 23626 520 21 stones stone NNS 23626 520 22 , , , 23626 520 23 and and CC 23626 520 24 of of IN 23626 520 25 this this DT 23626 520 26 product product NN 23626 520 27 is be VBZ 23626 520 28 formed form VBN 23626 520 29 a a DT 23626 520 30 larger large JJR 23626 520 31 stone stone NN 23626 520 32 , , , 23626 520 33 which which WDT 23626 520 34 , , , 23626 520 35 though though IN 23626 520 36 manufactured manufacture VBN 23626 520 37 , , , 23626 520 38 is be VBZ 23626 520 39 essentially essentially RB 23626 520 40 perfectly perfectly RB 23626 520 41 real real JJ 23626 520 42 , , , 23626 520 43 possessing possess VBG 23626 520 44 exactly exactly RB 23626 520 45 the the DT 23626 520 46 same same JJ 23626 520 47 properties property NNS 23626 520 48 as as IN 23626 520 49 a a DT 23626 520 50 naturally naturally RB 23626 520 51 formed form VBN 23626 520 52 stone stone NN 23626 520 53 . . . 23626 521 1 Many many JJ 23626 521 2 such such JJ 23626 521 3 stones stone NNS 23626 521 4 are be VBP 23626 521 5 obtained obtain VBN 23626 521 6 as as RB 23626 521 7 large large JJ 23626 521 8 as as IN 23626 521 9 an an DT 23626 521 10 ordinary ordinary JJ 23626 521 11 pin pin NN 23626 521 12 's 's POS 23626 521 13 head head NN 23626 521 14 , , , 23626 521 15 and and CC 23626 521 16 are be VBP 23626 521 17 much much RB 23626 521 18 used use VBN 23626 521 19 commercially commercially RB 23626 521 20 for for IN 23626 521 21 cluster cluster NN 23626 521 22 - - HYPH 23626 521 23 work work NN 23626 521 24 in in IN 23626 521 25 rings ring NNS 23626 521 26 , , , 23626 521 27 brooches brooch NNS 23626 521 28 , , , 23626 521 29 for for IN 23626 521 30 watch watch NN 23626 521 31 - - HYPH 23626 521 32 jewels jewel NNS 23626 521 33 , , , 23626 521 34 scarf scarf NN 23626 521 35 - - HYPH 23626 521 36 pins pin NNS 23626 521 37 , , , 23626 521 38 and and CC 23626 521 39 the the DT 23626 521 40 like like JJ 23626 521 41 , , , 23626 521 42 and and CC 23626 521 43 are be VBP 23626 521 44 capable capable JJ 23626 521 45 of of IN 23626 521 46 being be VBG 23626 521 47 cut cut VBN 23626 521 48 and and CC 23626 521 49 polished polish VBD 23626 521 50 exactly exactly RB 23626 521 51 like like IN 23626 521 52 an an DT 23626 521 53 original original JJ 23626 521 54 stone stone NN 23626 521 55 . . . 23626 522 1 This this DT 23626 522 2 is be VBZ 23626 522 3 a a DT 23626 522 4 means means NN 23626 522 5 of of IN 23626 522 6 using use VBG 23626 522 7 up up RP 23626 522 8 to to IN 23626 522 9 great great JJ 23626 522 10 advantage advantage NN 23626 522 11 the the DT 23626 522 12 lapidary lapidary NN 23626 522 13 's 's POS 23626 522 14 dust dust NN 23626 522 15 , , , 23626 522 16 and and CC 23626 522 17 though though IN 23626 522 18 these these DT 23626 522 19 products product NNS 23626 522 20 are be VBP 23626 522 21 real real JJ 23626 522 22 stones stone NNS 23626 522 23 , , , 23626 522 24 perhaps perhaps RB 23626 522 25 a a DT 23626 522 26 little little RB 23626 522 27 more more RBR 23626 522 28 enriched enrich VBN 23626 522 29 in in IN 23626 522 30 colour colour NN 23626 522 31 chemically chemically RB 23626 522 32 , , , 23626 522 33 they -PRON- PRP 23626 522 34 are be VBP 23626 522 35 much much RB 23626 522 36 cheaper cheap JJR 23626 522 37 than than IN 23626 522 38 a a DT 23626 522 39 natural natural JJ 23626 522 40 stone stone NN 23626 522 41 of of IN 23626 522 42 the the DT 23626 522 43 same same JJ 23626 522 44 size size NN 23626 522 45 and and CC 23626 522 46 weight weight NN 23626 522 47 . . . 23626 523 1 Some some DT 23626 523 2 spurious spurious JJ 23626 523 3 stones stone NNS 23626 523 4 have have VBP 23626 523 5 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 523 6 colour colour NN 23626 523 7 improved improve VBN 23626 523 8 by by IN 23626 523 9 heat heat NN 23626 523 10 , , , 23626 523 11 by by IN 23626 523 12 being be VBG 23626 523 13 tinged tinge VBN 23626 523 14 on on IN 23626 523 15 the the DT 23626 523 16 outside outside NN 23626 523 17 , , , 23626 523 18 by by IN 23626 523 19 being be VBG 23626 523 20 tinted tint VBN 23626 523 21 throughout throughout IN 23626 523 22 with with IN 23626 523 23 a a DT 23626 523 24 fixed fix VBN 23626 523 25 colour colour NN 23626 523 26 and and CC 23626 523 27 placed place VBN 23626 523 28 in in IN 23626 523 29 a a DT 23626 523 30 clear clear JJ 23626 523 31 setting setting NN 23626 523 32 ; ; : 23626 523 33 others other NNS 23626 523 34 , , , 23626 523 35 again again RB 23626 523 36 , , , 23626 523 37 have have VBP 23626 523 38 a a DT 23626 523 39 setting setting NN 23626 523 40 of of IN 23626 523 41 a a DT 23626 523 42 different different JJ 23626 523 43 hue hue NN 23626 523 44 , , , 23626 523 45 so so IN 23626 523 46 that that IN 23626 523 47 the the DT 23626 523 48 reflection reflection NN 23626 523 49 of of IN 23626 523 50 this this DT 23626 523 51 shall shall MD 23626 523 52 give give VB 23626 523 53 additional additional JJ 23626 523 54 colour colour NN 23626 523 55 and and CC 23626 523 56 fire fire NN 23626 523 57 to to IN 23626 523 58 the the DT 23626 523 59 stone stone NN 23626 523 60 . . . 23626 524 1 For for IN 23626 524 2 instance instance NN 23626 524 3 , , , 23626 524 4 glass glass NN 23626 524 5 diamonds diamond NNS 23626 524 6 are be VBP 23626 524 7 often often RB 23626 524 8 set set VBN 23626 524 9 with with IN 23626 524 10 the the DT 23626 524 11 whole whole NN 23626 524 12 of of IN 23626 524 13 the the DT 23626 524 14 portion portion NN 23626 524 15 below below IN 23626 524 16 the the DT 23626 524 17 girdle girdle NNP 23626 524 18 hidden hide VBN 23626 524 19 , , , 23626 524 20 this this DT 23626 524 21 part part NN 23626 524 22 of of IN 23626 524 23 the the DT 23626 524 24 stone stone NN 23626 524 25 being be VBG 23626 524 26 silvered silver VBN 23626 524 27 like like IN 23626 524 28 a a DT 23626 524 29 mirror mirror NN 23626 524 30 . . . 23626 525 1 Others other NNS 23626 525 2 are be VBP 23626 525 3 set set VBN 23626 525 4 open open JJ 23626 525 5 , , , 23626 525 6 being be VBG 23626 525 7 held hold VBN 23626 525 8 at at IN 23626 525 9 the the DT 23626 525 10 girdle girdle NN 23626 525 11 only only RB 23626 525 12 , , , 23626 525 13 the the DT 23626 525 14 portion portion NN 23626 525 15 covered cover VBN 23626 525 16 by by IN 23626 525 17 the the DT 23626 525 18 setting setting NN 23626 525 19 being be VBG 23626 525 20 silvered silver VBN 23626 525 21 . . . 23626 526 1 Other other JJ 23626 526 2 glass glass NN 23626 526 3 imitations imitation NNS 23626 526 4 , , , 23626 526 5 such such JJ 23626 526 6 as as IN 23626 526 7 the the DT 23626 526 8 opal opal NN 23626 526 9 , , , 23626 526 10 have have VBP 23626 526 11 a a DT 23626 526 12 tolerably tolerably RB 23626 526 13 good good JJ 23626 526 14 representation representation NN 23626 526 15 of of IN 23626 526 16 the the DT 23626 526 17 " " `` 23626 526 18 fiery fiery JJ 23626 526 19 " " '' 23626 526 20 opal opal NN 23626 526 21 given give VBN 23626 526 22 to to IN 23626 526 23 them -PRON- PRP 23626 526 24 by by IN 23626 526 25 the the DT 23626 526 26 admixture admixture NN 23626 526 27 , , , 23626 526 28 in in IN 23626 526 29 the the DT 23626 526 30 glass glass NN 23626 526 31 , , , 23626 526 32 of of IN 23626 526 33 a a DT 23626 526 34 little little JJ 23626 526 35 oxide oxide NN 23626 526 36 of of IN 23626 526 37 tin tin NN 23626 526 38 , , , 23626 526 39 which which WDT 23626 526 40 makes make VBZ 23626 526 41 it -PRON- PRP 23626 526 42 somewhat somewhat RB 23626 526 43 opalescent opalescent JJ 23626 526 44 , , , 23626 526 45 and and CC 23626 526 46 in in IN 23626 526 47 the the DT 23626 526 48 setting setting NN 23626 526 49 is be VBZ 23626 526 50 placed place VBN 23626 526 51 a a DT 23626 526 52 backing backing NN 23626 526 53 of of IN 23626 526 54 red red JJ 23626 526 55 , , , 23626 526 56 gold gold NN 23626 526 57 , , , 23626 526 58 copper copper NN 23626 526 59 , , , 23626 526 60 or or CC 23626 526 61 fiery fiery RB 23626 526 62 - - HYPH 23626 526 63 coloured coloured JJ 23626 526 64 tinsel tinsel NN 23626 526 65 , , , 23626 526 66 whilst whilst IN 23626 526 67 the the DT 23626 526 68 glass glass NN 23626 526 69 itself -PRON- PRP 23626 526 70 , , , 23626 526 71 at at IN 23626 526 72 the the DT 23626 526 73 back back NN 23626 526 74 , , , 23626 526 75 is be VBZ 23626 526 76 painted paint VBN 23626 526 77 very very RB 23626 526 78 thinly thinly RB 23626 526 79 with with IN 23626 526 80 a a DT 23626 526 81 paint paint NN 23626 526 82 composed compose VBN 23626 526 83 of of IN 23626 526 84 well well RB 23626 526 85 washed wash VBN 23626 526 86 and and CC 23626 526 87 dried dry VBN 23626 526 88 fish fish NN 23626 526 89 - - HYPH 23626 526 90 scales scale NNS 23626 526 91 , , , 23626 526 92 reduced reduce VBN 23626 526 93 to to IN 23626 526 94 an an DT 23626 526 95 impalpable impalpable JJ 23626 526 96 powder powder NN 23626 526 97 , , , 23626 526 98 mixed mix VBN 23626 526 99 with with IN 23626 526 100 a a DT 23626 526 101 little little JJ 23626 526 102 pure pure JJ 23626 526 103 , , , 23626 526 104 refined refined JJ 23626 526 105 mastic mastic JJ 23626 526 106 , , , 23626 526 107 or or CC 23626 526 108 other other JJ 23626 526 109 colourless colourless JJ 23626 526 110 varnish varnish NNP 23626 526 111 . . . 23626 527 1 This this DT 23626 527 2 gives give VBZ 23626 527 3 a a DT 23626 527 4 good good JJ 23626 527 5 imitation imitation NN 23626 527 6 of of IN 23626 527 7 phosphorescence phosphorescence NN 23626 527 8 , , , 23626 527 9 as as RB 23626 527 10 well well RB 23626 527 11 as as IN 23626 527 12 a a DT 23626 527 13 slight slight JJ 23626 527 14 pearliness pearliness NN 23626 527 15 , , , 23626 527 16 whilst whilst IN 23626 527 17 the the DT 23626 527 18 tinsel tinsel NN 23626 527 19 , , , 23626 527 20 seen see VBN 23626 527 21 through through IN 23626 527 22 the the DT 23626 527 23 paint paint NN 23626 527 24 and and CC 23626 527 25 the the DT 23626 527 26 curious curious JJ 23626 527 27 milkiness milkiness NN 23626 527 28 of of IN 23626 527 29 the the DT 23626 527 30 glass glass NN 23626 527 31 , , , 23626 527 32 gives give VBZ 23626 527 33 good good JJ 23626 527 34 " " `` 23626 527 35 fire fire NN 23626 527 36 . . . 23626 527 37 " " '' 23626 528 1 A a DT 23626 528 2 knowledge knowledge NN 23626 528 3 of of IN 23626 528 4 the the DT 23626 528 5 colours colour NNS 23626 528 6 natural natural JJ 23626 528 7 to to IN 23626 528 8 precious precious JJ 23626 528 9 stones stone NNS 23626 528 10 and and CC 23626 528 11 to to IN 23626 528 12 jewels jewel NNS 23626 528 13 generally generally RB 23626 528 14 is be VBZ 23626 528 15 of of IN 23626 528 16 great great JJ 23626 528 17 service service NN 23626 528 18 in in IN 23626 528 19 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 528 20 rough rough JJ 23626 528 21 classification classification NN 23626 528 22 for for IN 23626 528 23 testing testing NN 23626 528 24 , , , 23626 528 25 even even RB 23626 528 26 though though IN 23626 528 27 some some DT 23626 528 28 stones stone NNS 23626 528 29 are be VBP 23626 528 30 found find VBN 23626 528 31 in in IN 23626 528 32 a a DT 23626 528 33 variety variety NN 23626 528 34 of of IN 23626 528 35 colours colour NNS 23626 528 36 . . . 23626 529 1 An an DT 23626 529 2 alphabetical alphabetical JJ 23626 529 3 list list NN 23626 529 4 of of IN 23626 529 5 the the DT 23626 529 6 most most RBS 23626 529 7 useful useful JJ 23626 529 8 is be VBZ 23626 529 9 here here RB 23626 529 10 appended append VBN 23626 529 11 , , , 23626 529 12 together together RB 23626 529 13 with with IN 23626 529 14 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 529 15 average average JJ 23626 529 16 specific specific JJ 23626 529 17 gravities gravity NNS 23626 529 18 and and CC 23626 529 19 hardness hardness NN 23626 529 20 . . . 23626 530 1 ( ( -LRB- 23626 530 2 See see VB 23626 530 3 also also RB 23626 530 4 Chapter Chapter NNP 23626 530 5 VII vii NN 23626 530 6 . . . 23626 531 1 on on IN 23626 531 2 " " `` 23626 531 3 Hardness Hardness NNP 23626 531 4 , , , 23626 531 5 " " '' 23626 531 6 and and CC 23626 531 7 Chapter chapter NN 23626 531 8 VIII viii NN 23626 531 9 . . . 23626 532 1 on on IN 23626 532 2 " " `` 23626 532 3 Specific Specific NNP 23626 532 4 Gravity gravity NN 23626 532 5 . . . 23626 532 6 " " '' 23626 532 7 ) ) -RRB- 23626 533 1 WHITE white JJ 23626 533 2 OR or CC 23626 533 3 COLOURLESS COLOURLESS NNP 23626 533 4 STONES STONES NNP 23626 533 5 . . . 23626 534 1 _ _ NNP 23626 534 2 Hardness Hardness NNP 23626 534 3 . . . 23626 534 4 _ _ NNP 23626 534 5 _ _ NNP 23626 534 6 Specific Specific NNP 23626 534 7 Gravity Gravity NNP 23626 534 8 . . . 23626 534 9 _ _ NNP 23626 534 10 ( ( -LRB- 23626 534 11 See see VB 23626 534 12 Chapter Chapter NNP 23626 534 13 VII VII NNP 23626 534 14 . . . 23626 534 15 ) ) -RRB- 23626 535 1 ( ( -LRB- 23626 535 2 See see VB 23626 535 3 Chapter chapter NN 23626 535 4 VIII viii NN 23626 535 5 . . . 23626 535 6 ) ) -RRB- 23626 536 1 Beryl Beryl NNP 23626 536 2 7 7 CD 23626 536 3 - - SYM 23626 536 4 3/4 3/4 CD 23626 536 5 2.709 2.709 CD 23626 536 6 - - SYM 23626 536 7 2.81 2.81 CD 23626 536 8 Corundum corundum NN 23626 536 9 9 9 CD 23626 536 10 3.90 3.90 CD 23626 536 11 - - HYPH 23626 536 12 4.16 4.16 CD 23626 536 13 Diamond Diamond NNP 23626 536 14 10 10 CD 23626 536 15 3.502 3.502 CD 23626 536 16 - - HYPH 23626 536 17 3.564 3.564 CD 23626 536 18 Jade Jade NNP 23626 536 19 7 7 CD 23626 536 20 3.300 3.300 CD 23626 536 21 - - SYM 23626 536 22 3.381 3.381 CD 23626 536 23 Opal Opal NNP 23626 536 24 5 5 CD 23626 536 25 - - HYPH 23626 536 26 1/2 1/2 CD 23626 536 27 - - HYPH 23626 536 28 6 6 CD 23626 536 29 - - HYPH 23626 536 30 1/2 1/2 CD 23626 536 31 2.160 2.160 CD 23626 536 32 - - SYM 23626 536 33 2.283 2.283 CD 23626 536 34 Phenakite Phenakite NNP 23626 536 35 7 7 CD 23626 536 36 - - SYM 23626 536 37 3/4 3/4 CD 23626 536 38 2.965 2.965 CD 23626 536 39 Quartz quartz NN 23626 536 40 7 7 CD 23626 536 41 2.670 2.670 CD 23626 536 42 Rock Rock NNP 23626 536 43 - - HYPH 23626 536 44 crystal crystal NN 23626 536 45 7 7 CD 23626 536 46 2.521 2.521 CD 23626 536 47 - - SYM 23626 536 48 2.795 2.795 CD 23626 536 49 Sapphire sapphire NN 23626 536 50 9 9 CD 23626 536 51 4.049 4.049 CD 23626 536 52 - - HYPH 23626 536 53 4.060 4.060 CD 23626 536 54 Spinel Spinel NNP 23626 536 55 8 8 CD 23626 536 56 3.614 3.614 CD 23626 536 57 - - HYPH 23626 536 58 3.654 3.654 CD 23626 536 59 Topaz topaz NN 23626 536 60 8 8 CD 23626 536 61 3.500 3.500 CD 23626 536 62 - - SYM 23626 536 63 3.520 3.520 CD 23626 536 64 Tourmaline Tourmaline NNP 23626 536 65 7 7 CD 23626 536 66 - - SYM 23626 536 67 1/4 1/4 CD 23626 536 68 3.029 3.029 CD 23626 536 69 Zircon Zircon NNP 23626 536 70 7 7 CD 23626 536 71 - - SYM 23626 536 72 1/2 1/2 CD 23626 536 73 4.700 4.700 CD 23626 536 74 - - SYM 23626 536 75 4.880 4.880 CD 23626 536 76 YELLOW YELLOW NNP 23626 536 77 STONES STONES NNP 23626 536 78 . . . 23626 537 1 _ _ NNP 23626 537 2 Hardness Hardness NNP 23626 537 3 . . . 23626 537 4 _ _ NNP 23626 537 5 _ _ NNP 23626 537 6 Specific Specific NNP 23626 537 7 Gravity Gravity NNP 23626 537 8 . . . 23626 537 9 _ _ NNP 23626 537 10 ( ( -LRB- 23626 537 11 See see VB 23626 537 12 Chapter Chapter NNP 23626 537 13 VII VII NNP 23626 537 14 . . . 23626 537 15 ) ) -RRB- 23626 538 1 ( ( -LRB- 23626 538 2 See see VB 23626 538 3 Chapter chapter NN 23626 538 4 VIII viii NN 23626 538 5 . . . 23626 538 6 ) ) -RRB- 23626 539 1 Amber Amber NNP 23626 539 2 2 2 CD 23626 539 3 - - SYM 23626 539 4 1/2 1/2 CD 23626 539 5 1.000 1.000 CD 23626 539 6 Beryl Beryl NNP 23626 539 7 7 7 CD 23626 539 8 - - SYM 23626 539 9 3/4 3/4 CD 23626 539 10 2.709 2.709 CD 23626 539 11 - - SYM 23626 539 12 2.810 2.810 CD 23626 539 13 Chrysoberyl Chrysoberyl NNP 23626 539 14 8 8 CD 23626 539 15 - - SYM 23626 539 16 1/2 1/2 CD 23626 539 17 3.689 3.689 CD 23626 539 18 - - SYM 23626 539 19 3.752 3.752 CD 23626 539 20 Chrysolite Chrysolite NNP 23626 539 21 6 6 CD 23626 539 22 - - SYM 23626 539 23 7 7 CD 23626 539 24 3.316 3.316 CD 23626 539 25 - - SYM 23626 539 26 3.528 3.528 CD 23626 539 27 Corundum Corundum NNP 23626 539 28 ( ( -LRB- 23626 539 29 the the DT 23626 539 30 yellow yellow JJ 23626 539 31 variety variety NN 23626 539 32 known know VBN 23626 539 33 as as IN 23626 539 34 " " `` 23626 539 35 Oriental Oriental NNP 23626 539 36 Topaz Topaz NNP 23626 539 37 " " '' 23626 539 38 [ [ -LRB- 23626 539 39 not not RB 23626 539 40 " " `` 23626 539 41 Topaz Topaz NNP 23626 539 42 " " '' 23626 539 43 ] ] -RRB- 23626 539 44 , , , 23626 539 45 see see VB 23626 539 46 below below RB 23626 539 47 ) ) -RRB- 23626 539 48 9 9 CD 23626 539 49 3.90 3.90 CD 23626 539 50 - - HYPH 23626 539 51 4.16 4.16 CD 23626 539 52 Diamond Diamond NNP 23626 539 53 10 10 CD 23626 539 54 3.502 3.502 CD 23626 539 55 - - HYPH 23626 539 56 3.564 3.564 CD 23626 539 57 Garnets Garnets NNPS 23626 539 58 ( ( -LRB- 23626 539 59 various various JJ 23626 539 60 ) ) -RRB- 23626 539 61 6 6 CD 23626 539 62 - - HYPH 23626 539 63 1/2 1/2 CD 23626 539 64 - - HYPH 23626 539 65 7 7 CD 23626 539 66 - - HYPH 23626 539 67 1/2 1/2 CD 23626 539 68 3.4 3.4 CD 23626 539 69 - - SYM 23626 539 70 4.5 4.5 CD 23626 539 71 Hyacinth Hyacinth NNP 23626 539 72 ( ( -LRB- 23626 539 73 a a DT 23626 539 74 form form NN 23626 539 75 of of IN 23626 539 76 Zircon Zircon NNP 23626 539 77 ) ) -RRB- 23626 539 78 7 7 CD 23626 539 79 - - SYM 23626 539 80 1/2 1/2 CD 23626 539 81 4.7 4.7 CD 23626 539 82 - - SYM 23626 539 83 4.88 4.88 CD 23626 539 84 Quartz Quartz NNP 23626 539 85 ( ( -LRB- 23626 539 86 Citrine Citrine NNP 23626 539 87 ) ) -RRB- 23626 539 88 7 7 CD 23626 539 89 2.658 2.658 CD 23626 539 90 Sapphire sapphire NN 23626 539 91 9 9 CD 23626 539 92 4.049 4.049 CD 23626 539 93 - - HYPH 23626 539 94 4.060 4.060 CD 23626 539 95 Spinel Spinel NNP 23626 539 96 8 8 CD 23626 539 97 3.614 3.614 CD 23626 539 98 - - HYPH 23626 539 99 3.654 3.654 CD 23626 539 100 Topaz Topaz NNP 23626 539 101 ( ( -LRB- 23626 539 102 for for IN 23626 539 103 " " `` 23626 539 104 Oriental Oriental NNP 23626 539 105 Topaz Topaz NNP 23626 539 106 , , , 23626 539 107 " " '' 23626 539 108 see see VB 23626 539 109 above above RB 23626 539 110 ) ) -RRB- 23626 539 111 8 8 CD 23626 539 112 3.500 3.500 CD 23626 539 113 - - HYPH 23626 539 114 3.520 3.520 CD 23626 539 115 Tourmaline Tourmaline NNP 23626 539 116 7 7 CD 23626 539 117 - - SYM 23626 539 118 1/4 1/4 CD 23626 539 119 3.210 3.210 CD 23626 539 120 BROWN BROWN NNP 23626 539 121 AND and CC 23626 539 122 FLAME FLAME NNP 23626 539 123 - - HYPH 23626 539 124 COLOURED COLOURED NNP 23626 539 125 STONES STONES NNP 23626 539 126 . . . 23626 540 1 _ _ NNP 23626 540 2 Hardness Hardness NNP 23626 540 3 . . . 23626 540 4 _ _ NNP 23626 540 5 _ _ NNP 23626 540 6 Specific Specific NNP 23626 540 7 Gravity Gravity NNP 23626 540 8 . . . 23626 540 9 _ _ NNP 23626 540 10 ( ( -LRB- 23626 540 11 See see VB 23626 540 12 Chapter Chapter NNP 23626 540 13 VII VII NNP 23626 540 14 . . . 23626 540 15 ) ) -RRB- 23626 541 1 ( ( -LRB- 23626 541 2 See see VB 23626 541 3 Chapter chapter NN 23626 541 4 VIII viii NN 23626 541 5 . . . 23626 541 6 ) ) -RRB- 23626 542 1 Andalusite Andalusite NNP 23626 542 2 7 7 CD 23626 542 3 - - SYM 23626 542 4 1/2 1/2 CD 23626 542 5 3.204 3.204 CD 23626 542 6 Diamond Diamond NNP 23626 542 7 10 10 CD 23626 542 8 3.502 3.502 CD 23626 542 9 - - HYPH 23626 542 10 3.564 3.564 CD 23626 542 11 Garnets Garnets NNPS 23626 542 12 ( ( -LRB- 23626 542 13 various various JJ 23626 542 14 ) ) -RRB- 23626 542 15 6 6 CD 23626 542 16 - - HYPH 23626 542 17 1/2 1/2 CD 23626 542 18 - - HYPH 23626 542 19 7 7 CD 23626 542 20 - - HYPH 23626 542 21 1/2 1/2 CD 23626 542 22 3.40 3.40 CD 23626 542 23 - - SYM 23626 542 24 4.50 4.50 CD 23626 542 25 Hyacinth Hyacinth NNP 23626 542 26 ( ( -LRB- 23626 542 27 a a DT 23626 542 28 form form NN 23626 542 29 of of IN 23626 542 30 Zircon Zircon NNP 23626 542 31 ) ) -RRB- 23626 542 32 , , , 23626 542 33 see see VB 23626 542 34 below below IN 23626 542 35 7 7 CD 23626 542 36 - - SYM 23626 542 37 1/2 1/2 CD 23626 542 38 4.70 4.70 CD 23626 542 39 - - SYM 23626 542 40 4.88 4.88 CD 23626 542 41 Quartz Quartz NNP 23626 542 42 ( ( -LRB- 23626 542 43 smoke smoke NN 23626 542 44 coloured colour VBN 23626 542 45 ) ) -RRB- 23626 542 46 7 7 CD 23626 542 47 2.670 2.670 CD 23626 542 48 Tourmaline Tourmaline NNP 23626 542 49 7 7 CD 23626 542 50 - - SYM 23626 542 51 1/4 1/4 CD 23626 542 52 3.100 3.100 CD 23626 542 53 Zircon Zircon NNP 23626 542 54 ( ( -LRB- 23626 542 55 Hyacinth hyacinth JJ 23626 542 56 ) ) -RRB- 23626 542 57 7 7 CD 23626 542 58 - - SYM 23626 542 59 1/2 1/2 CD 23626 542 60 4.70 4.70 CD 23626 542 61 - - SYM 23626 542 62 4.88 4.88 CD 23626 542 63 RED RED NNP 23626 542 64 AND and CC 23626 542 65 ROSE ROSE NNS 23626 542 66 - - HYPH 23626 542 67 COLOURED COLOURED NNP 23626 542 68 STONES STONES NNP 23626 542 69 . . . 23626 543 1 _ _ NNP 23626 543 2 Hardness Hardness NNP 23626 543 3 . . . 23626 543 4 _ _ NNP 23626 543 5 _ _ NNP 23626 543 6 Specific Specific NNP 23626 543 7 Gravity Gravity NNP 23626 543 8 . . . 23626 543 9 _ _ NNP 23626 543 10 ( ( -LRB- 23626 543 11 See see VB 23626 543 12 Chapter Chapter NNP 23626 543 13 VII VII NNP 23626 543 14 . . . 23626 543 15 ) ) -RRB- 23626 544 1 ( ( -LRB- 23626 544 2 See see VB 23626 544 3 Chapter chapter NN 23626 544 4 VIII viii NN 23626 544 5 . . . 23626 544 6 ) ) -RRB- 23626 545 1 Carnelian Carnelian NNP 23626 545 2 ( ( -LRB- 23626 545 3 a a DT 23626 545 4 variety variety NN 23626 545 5 of of IN 23626 545 6 Chalcedony Chalcedony NNP 23626 545 7 ) ) -RRB- 23626 545 8 6 6 CD 23626 545 9 - - SYM 23626 545 10 1/2 1/2 CD 23626 545 11 2.598 2.598 CD 23626 545 12 - - SYM 23626 545 13 2.610 2.610 CD 23626 545 14 Diamond diamond NN 23626 545 15 10 10 CD 23626 545 16 3.502 3.502 CD 23626 545 17 - - HYPH 23626 545 18 3.564 3.564 CD 23626 545 19 Deep Deep NNP 23626 545 20 Red Red NNP 23626 545 21 Garnet Garnet NNP 23626 545 22 7 7 CD 23626 545 23 - - SYM 23626 545 24 1/4 1/4 CD 23626 545 25 3.40 3.40 CD 23626 545 26 - - SYM 23626 545 27 4.50 4.50 CD 23626 545 28 Jasper jasper NN 23626 545 29 7 7 CD 23626 545 30 2.668 2.668 CD 23626 545 31 Opal Opal NNP 23626 545 32 ( ( -LRB- 23626 545 33 the the DT 23626 545 34 " " `` 23626 545 35 Fire Fire NNP 23626 545 36 Opal Opal NNP 23626 545 37 " " '' 23626 545 38 ) ) -RRB- 23626 545 39 5 5 CD 23626 545 40 - - HYPH 23626 545 41 1/2 1/2 CD 23626 545 42 - - HYPH 23626 545 43 6 6 CD 23626 545 44 - - HYPH 23626 545 45 1/2 1/2 CD 23626 545 46 2.21 2.21 CD 23626 545 47 ( ( -LRB- 23626 545 48 average average JJ 23626 545 49 ) ) -RRB- 23626 545 50 Ruby Ruby NNP 23626 545 51 9 9 CD 23626 545 52 4.073 4.073 CD 23626 545 53 - - HYPH 23626 545 54 4.080 4.080 CD 23626 545 55 Rhodonite Rhodonite NNP 23626 545 56 5 5 CD 23626 545 57 - - HYPH 23626 545 58 1/2 1/2 CD 23626 545 59 - - HYPH 23626 545 60 6 6 CD 23626 545 61 - - HYPH 23626 545 62 1/2 1/2 CD 23626 545 63 3.413 3.413 CD 23626 545 64 - - SYM 23626 545 65 3.617 3.617 CD 23626 545 66 Sapphire Sapphire NNP 23626 545 67 9 9 CD 23626 545 68 4.049 4.049 CD 23626 545 69 - - HYPH 23626 545 70 4.060 4.060 CD 23626 545 71 Spinel Spinel NNP 23626 545 72 Ruby Ruby NNP 23626 545 73 8 8 CD 23626 545 74 3.614 3.614 CD 23626 545 75 - - HYPH 23626 545 76 3.654 3.654 CD 23626 545 77 Topaz topaz NN 23626 545 78 8 8 CD 23626 545 79 3.500 3.500 CD 23626 545 80 - - SYM 23626 545 81 3.520 3.520 CD 23626 545 82 Tourmaline Tourmaline NNP 23626 545 83 7 7 CD 23626 545 84 - - SYM 23626 545 85 1/4 1/4 CD 23626 545 86 3.024 3.024 CD 23626 545 87 Zircon Zircon NNP 23626 545 88 7 7 CD 23626 545 89 - - SYM 23626 545 90 1/2 1/2 CD 23626 545 91 4.70 4.70 CD 23626 545 92 - - SYM 23626 545 93 4.88 4.88 CD 23626 545 94 PINK PINK NNP 23626 545 95 STONES STONES NNP 23626 545 96 . . . 23626 546 1 _ _ NNP 23626 546 2 Hardness Hardness NNP 23626 546 3 . . . 23626 546 4 _ _ NNP 23626 546 5 _ _ NNP 23626 546 6 Specific Specific NNP 23626 546 7 Gravity Gravity NNP 23626 546 8 . . . 23626 546 9 _ _ NNP 23626 546 10 ( ( -LRB- 23626 546 11 See see VB 23626 546 12 Chapter Chapter NNP 23626 546 13 VII VII NNP 23626 546 14 . . . 23626 546 15 ) ) -RRB- 23626 547 1 ( ( -LRB- 23626 547 2 See see VB 23626 547 3 Chapter chapter NN 23626 547 4 VIII viii NN 23626 547 5 . . . 23626 547 6 ) ) -RRB- 23626 548 1 Beryl Beryl NNP 23626 548 2 7 7 CD 23626 548 3 - - SYM 23626 548 4 3/4 3/4 CD 23626 548 5 2.709 2.709 CD 23626 548 6 - - SYM 23626 548 7 2.810 2.810 CD 23626 548 8 Diamond Diamond NNP 23626 548 9 10 10 CD 23626 548 10 3.502 3.502 CD 23626 548 11 - - HYPH 23626 548 12 3.564 3.564 CD 23626 548 13 Ruby Ruby NNP 23626 548 14 9 9 CD 23626 548 15 4.073 4.073 CD 23626 548 16 - - SYM 23626 548 17 4.080 4.080 CD 23626 548 18 Spinel Spinel NNP 23626 548 19 8 8 CD 23626 548 20 3.614 3.614 CD 23626 548 21 - - HYPH 23626 548 22 3.654 3.654 CD 23626 548 23 Topaz Topaz NNP 23626 548 24 ( ( -LRB- 23626 548 25 " " `` 23626 548 26 burnt burn VBN 23626 548 27 " " '' 23626 548 28 or or CC 23626 548 29 " " `` 23626 548 30 pinked pinked JJ 23626 548 31 " " '' 23626 548 32 ) ) -RRB- 23626 548 33 , , , 23626 548 34 see see VB 23626 548 35 Chapter Chapter NNP 23626 548 36 XIV XIV NNP 23626 548 37 . . NNP 23626 548 38 , , , 23626 548 39 page page NN 23626 548 40 92 92 CD 23626 548 41 8 8 CD 23626 548 42 3.500 3.500 CD 23626 548 43 - - SYM 23626 548 44 3.520 3.520 CD 23626 548 45 Tourmaline Tourmaline NNP 23626 548 46 7 7 CD 23626 548 47 - - SYM 23626 548 48 1/4 1/4 CD 23626 548 49 3.024 3.024 CD 23626 548 50 BLUE blue JJ 23626 548 51 STONES stone NNS 23626 548 52 . . . 23626 549 1 _ _ NNP 23626 549 2 Hardness Hardness NNP 23626 549 3 . . . 23626 549 4 _ _ NNP 23626 549 5 _ _ NNP 23626 549 6 Specific Specific NNP 23626 549 7 Gravity Gravity NNP 23626 549 8 . . . 23626 549 9 _ _ NNP 23626 549 10 ( ( -LRB- 23626 549 11 See see VB 23626 549 12 Chapter Chapter NNP 23626 549 13 VII VII NNP 23626 549 14 . . . 23626 549 15 ) ) -RRB- 23626 550 1 ( ( -LRB- 23626 550 2 See see VB 23626 550 3 Chapter chapter NN 23626 550 4 VIII viii NN 23626 550 5 . . . 23626 550 6 ) ) -RRB- 23626 551 1 Beryl Beryl NNP 23626 551 2 7 7 CD 23626 551 3 - - SYM 23626 551 4 3/4 3/4 CD 23626 551 5 2.709 2.709 CD 23626 551 6 - - SYM 23626 551 7 2.810 2.810 CD 23626 551 8 Diamond Diamond NNP 23626 551 9 10 10 CD 23626 551 10 3.502 3.502 CD 23626 551 11 - - HYPH 23626 551 12 3.564 3.564 CD 23626 551 13 Dichorite Dichorite NNP 23626 551 14 ( ( -LRB- 23626 551 15 Water Water NNP 23626 551 16 Sapphire Sapphire NNP 23626 551 17 ) ) -RRB- 23626 551 18 7 7 CD 23626 551 19 - - SYM 23626 551 20 7 7 CD 23626 551 21 - - SYM 23626 551 22 1/2 1/2 CD 23626 551 23 4.049 4.049 CD 23626 551 24 - - SYM 23626 551 25 4.060 4.060 CD 23626 551 26 Disthene Disthene NNP 23626 551 27 ( ( -LRB- 23626 551 28 Kyanite Kyanite NNP 23626 551 29 ) ) -RRB- 23626 551 30 5 5 CD 23626 551 31 - - SYM 23626 551 32 7 7 CD 23626 551 33 3.609 3.609 CD 23626 551 34 - - HYPH 23626 551 35 3.688 3.688 CD 23626 551 36 Iolite Iolite NNP 23626 551 37 ( ( -LRB- 23626 551 38 Cordierite Cordierite NNP 23626 551 39 ) ) -RRB- 23626 551 40 7 7 CD 23626 551 41 - - SYM 23626 551 42 1/4 1/4 CD 23626 551 43 2.641 2.641 CD 23626 551 44 Lapis lapis NN 23626 551 45 lazuli lazuli NN 23626 551 46 5 5 CD 23626 551 47 - - SYM 23626 551 48 1/2 1/2 CD 23626 551 49 2.461 2.461 CD 23626 551 50 Sapphire sapphire NN 23626 551 51 9 9 CD 23626 551 52 4.049 4.049 CD 23626 551 53 - - HYPH 23626 551 54 4.060 4.060 CD 23626 551 55 Topaz topaz NN 23626 551 56 8 8 CD 23626 551 57 3.500 3.500 CD 23626 551 58 - - SYM 23626 551 59 3.520 3.520 CD 23626 551 60 Tourmaline Tourmaline NNP 23626 551 61 7 7 CD 23626 551 62 - - SYM 23626 551 63 1/4 1/4 CD 23626 551 64 3.160 3.160 CD 23626 551 65 Turquoise Turquoise NNP 23626 551 66 6 6 CD 23626 551 67 2.800 2.800 CD 23626 551 68 GREEN GREEN NNP 23626 551 69 STONES stone NNS 23626 551 70 . . . 23626 552 1 _ _ NNP 23626 552 2 Hardness Hardness NNP 23626 552 3 . . . 23626 552 4 _ _ NNP 23626 552 5 _ _ NNP 23626 552 6 Specific Specific NNP 23626 552 7 Gravity Gravity NNP 23626 552 8 . . . 23626 552 9 _ _ NNP 23626 552 10 ( ( -LRB- 23626 552 11 See see VB 23626 552 12 Chapter Chapter NNP 23626 552 13 VII VII NNP 23626 552 14 . . . 23626 552 15 ) ) -RRB- 23626 553 1 ( ( -LRB- 23626 553 2 See see VB 23626 553 3 Chapter chapter NN 23626 553 4 VIII viii NN 23626 553 5 . . . 23626 553 6 ) ) -RRB- 23626 554 1 Aquamarine Aquamarine NNP 23626 554 2 7 7 CD 23626 554 3 - - SYM 23626 554 4 3/4 3/4 CD 23626 554 5 2.701 2.701 CD 23626 554 6 - - HYPH 23626 554 7 2.800 2.800 CD 23626 554 8 Chrysoberyl Chrysoberyl NNP 23626 554 9 8 8 CD 23626 554 10 - - SYM 23626 554 11 1/2 1/2 CD 23626 554 12 3.689 3.689 CD 23626 554 13 - - SYM 23626 554 14 3.752 3.752 CD 23626 554 15 Chrysolite Chrysolite NNP 23626 554 16 6 6 CD 23626 554 17 - - SYM 23626 554 18 7 7 CD 23626 554 19 3.316 3.316 CD 23626 554 20 - - SYM 23626 554 21 3.528 3.528 CD 23626 554 22 Chrysoprase Chrysoprase NNP 23626 554 23 ( ( -LRB- 23626 554 24 Quartz Quartz NNP 23626 554 25 ) ) -RRB- 23626 554 26 7 7 CD 23626 554 27 2.670 2.670 CD 23626 554 28 Diamond diamond NN 23626 554 29 10 10 CD 23626 554 30 3.502 3.502 CD 23626 554 31 - - HYPH 23626 554 32 3.564 3.564 CD 23626 554 33 Dioptase Dioptase NNP 23626 554 34 5 5 CD 23626 554 35 3.289 3.289 CD 23626 554 36 Emerald Emerald NNP 23626 554 37 and and CC 23626 554 38 Oriental Oriental NNP 23626 554 39 Emerald Emerald NNP 23626 554 40 7 7 CD 23626 554 41 - - SYM 23626 554 42 3/4 3/4 CD 23626 554 43 2.690 2.690 CD 23626 554 44 Euclase Euclase NNP 23626 554 45 7 7 CD 23626 554 46 - - SYM 23626 554 47 1/2 1/2 CD 23626 554 48 3.090 3.090 CD 23626 554 49 Garnet Garnet NNP 23626 554 50 ( ( -LRB- 23626 554 51 see see VB 23626 554 52 also also RB 23626 554 53 Red Red NNP 23626 554 54 Garnet Garnet NNP 23626 554 55 ) ) -RRB- 23626 554 56 6 6 CD 23626 554 57 - - HYPH 23626 554 58 1/2 1/2 CD 23626 554 59 - - HYPH 23626 554 60 7 7 CD 23626 554 61 - - HYPH 23626 554 62 1/2 1/2 CD 23626 554 63 3.400 3.400 CD 23626 554 64 - - SYM 23626 554 65 4.500 4.500 CD 23626 554 66 Heliotrope heliotrope NN 23626 554 67 ( ( -LRB- 23626 554 68 Chalcedony Chalcedony NNP 23626 554 69 ) ) -RRB- 23626 554 70 6 6 CD 23626 554 71 - - SYM 23626 554 72 1/2 1/2 CD 23626 554 73 2.598 2.598 CD 23626 554 74 - - SYM 23626 554 75 2.610 2.610 CD 23626 554 76 Hiddenite Hiddenite NNP 23626 554 77 ( ( -LRB- 23626 554 78 a a DT 23626 554 79 variety variety NN 23626 554 80 of of IN 23626 554 81 Spodumene Spodumene NNP 23626 554 82 ) ) -RRB- 23626 554 83 6 6 CD 23626 554 84 - - HYPH 23626 554 85 1/2 1/2 CD 23626 554 86 - - SYM 23626 554 87 7 7 CD 23626 554 88 3.130 3.130 CD 23626 554 89 - - HYPH 23626 554 90 3.200 3.200 CD 23626 554 91 Jade Jade NNP 23626 554 92 7 7 CD 23626 554 93 3.300 3.300 CD 23626 554 94 - - SYM 23626 554 95 3.381 3.381 CD 23626 554 96 Jadeite jadeite NN 23626 554 97 7 7 CD 23626 554 98 3.299 3.299 CD 23626 554 99 Malachite Malachite NNP 23626 554 100 3 3 CD 23626 554 101 - - SYM 23626 554 102 1/2 1/2 CD 23626 554 103 3.710 3.710 CD 23626 554 104 - - SYM 23626 554 105 3.996 3.996 CD 23626 554 106 Peridot Peridot NNP 23626 554 107 ( ( -LRB- 23626 554 108 a a DT 23626 554 109 variety variety NN 23626 554 110 of of IN 23626 554 111 Chrysolite Chrysolite NNP 23626 554 112 ) ) -RRB- 23626 554 113 6 6 CD 23626 554 114 - - SYM 23626 554 115 7 7 CD 23626 554 116 3.316 3.316 CD 23626 554 117 - - SYM 23626 554 118 3.528 3.528 CD 23626 554 119 Plasma Plasma NNP 23626 554 120 ( ( -LRB- 23626 554 121 a a DT 23626 554 122 variety variety NN 23626 554 123 of of IN 23626 554 124 Chalcedony Chalcedony NNP 23626 554 125 ) ) -RRB- 23626 554 126 6 6 CD 23626 554 127 - - SYM 23626 554 128 1/2 1/2 CD 23626 554 129 2.598 2.598 CD 23626 554 130 - - SYM 23626 554 131 2.610 2.610 CD 23626 554 132 Quartz quartz NN 23626 554 133 7 7 CD 23626 554 134 2.670 2.670 CD 23626 554 135 Sapphire sapphire NN 23626 554 136 9 9 CD 23626 554 137 4.049 4.049 CD 23626 554 138 - - HYPH 23626 554 139 4.060 4.060 CD 23626 554 140 Topaz topaz NN 23626 554 141 8 8 CD 23626 554 142 3.500 3.500 CD 23626 554 143 - - SYM 23626 554 144 3.520 3.520 CD 23626 554 145 Tourmaline Tourmaline NNP 23626 554 146 7 7 CD 23626 554 147 - - SYM 23626 554 148 1/4 1/4 CD 23626 554 149 3.148 3.148 CD 23626 554 150 VIOLET VIOLET NNP 23626 554 151 STONES STONES NNP 23626 554 152 . . . 23626 555 1 _ _ NNP 23626 555 2 Hardness Hardness NNP 23626 555 3 . . . 23626 555 4 _ _ NNP 23626 555 5 _ _ NNP 23626 555 6 Specific Specific NNP 23626 555 7 Gravity Gravity NNP 23626 555 8 . . . 23626 555 9 _ _ NNP 23626 555 10 ( ( -LRB- 23626 555 11 See see VB 23626 555 12 Chapter Chapter NNP 23626 555 13 VII VII NNP 23626 555 14 . . . 23626 555 15 ) ) -RRB- 23626 556 1 ( ( -LRB- 23626 556 2 See see VB 23626 556 3 Chapter chapter NN 23626 556 4 VIII viii NN 23626 556 5 . . . 23626 556 6 ) ) -RRB- 23626 557 1 Amethyst Amethyst NNP 23626 557 2 7 7 CD 23626 557 3 2.661 2.661 CD 23626 557 4 Diamond diamond NN 23626 557 5 10 10 CD 23626 557 6 3.502 3.502 CD 23626 557 7 - - HYPH 23626 557 8 3.564 3.564 CD 23626 557 9 Quartz Quartz NNP 23626 557 10 ( ( -LRB- 23626 557 11 Amethyst Amethyst NNP 23626 557 12 ) ) -RRB- 23626 557 13 7 7 CD 23626 557 14 2.670 2.670 CD 23626 557 15 Sapphire sapphire NN 23626 557 16 9 9 CD 23626 557 17 4.049 4.049 CD 23626 557 18 - - HYPH 23626 557 19 4.060 4.060 CD 23626 557 20 Spinel Spinel NNP 23626 557 21 8 8 CD 23626 557 22 3.614 3.614 CD 23626 557 23 - - HYPH 23626 557 24 3.654 3.654 CD 23626 557 25 Tourmaline Tourmaline NNP 23626 557 26 7 7 CD 23626 557 27 - - SYM 23626 557 28 1/4 1/4 CD 23626 557 29 3.160 3.160 CD 23626 557 30 CHATOYANT chatoyant NN 23626 557 31 STONES STONES NNP 23626 557 32 . . . 23626 558 1 These these DT 23626 558 2 stones stone NNS 23626 558 3 are be VBP 23626 558 4 easily easily RB 23626 558 5 recognisable recognisable JJ 23626 558 6 by by IN 23626 558 7 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 558 8 play play NN 23626 558 9 of of IN 23626 558 10 colour colour NN 23626 558 11 . . . 23626 559 1 ( ( -LRB- 23626 559 2 See see VB 23626 559 3 Chapter Chapter NNP 23626 559 4 XIV XIV NNP 23626 559 5 . . . 23626 559 6 ) ) -RRB- 23626 560 1 BLACK BLACK NNP 23626 560 2 STONES STONES NNP 23626 560 3 . . . 23626 561 1 _ _ NNP 23626 561 2 Hardness Hardness NNP 23626 561 3 . . . 23626 561 4 _ _ NNP 23626 561 5 _ _ NNP 23626 561 6 Specific Specific NNP 23626 561 7 Gravity Gravity NNP 23626 561 8 . . . 23626 561 9 _ _ NNP 23626 561 10 ( ( -LRB- 23626 561 11 See see VB 23626 561 12 Chapter Chapter NNP 23626 561 13 VII VII NNP 23626 561 14 . . . 23626 561 15 ) ) -RRB- 23626 562 1 ( ( -LRB- 23626 562 2 See see VB 23626 562 3 Chapter chapter NN 23626 562 4 VIII viii NN 23626 562 5 . . . 23626 562 6 ) ) -RRB- 23626 563 1 Diamond diamond NN 23626 563 2 10 10 CD 23626 563 3 3.502 3.502 CD 23626 563 4 - - HYPH 23626 563 5 3.564 3.564 CD 23626 563 6 Garnet Garnet NNP 23626 563 7 6 6 CD 23626 563 8 - - HYPH 23626 563 9 1/2 1/2 CD 23626 563 10 - - HYPH 23626 563 11 7 7 CD 23626 563 12 - - HYPH 23626 563 13 1/2 1/2 CD 23626 563 14 3.400 3.400 CD 23626 563 15 - - SYM 23626 563 16 4.500 4.500 CD 23626 563 17 Jet Jet NNP 23626 563 18 3 3 CD 23626 563 19 - - SYM 23626 563 20 1/2 1/2 CD 23626 563 21 1.348 1.348 CD 23626 563 22 Onyx Onyx NNP 23626 563 23 ( ( -LRB- 23626 563 24 a a DT 23626 563 25 variety variety NN 23626 563 26 of of IN 23626 563 27 Chalcedony Chalcedony NNP 23626 563 28 ) ) -RRB- 23626 563 29 6 6 CD 23626 563 30 - - SYM 23626 563 31 1/2 1/2 CD 23626 563 32 2.598 2.598 CD 23626 563 33 - - SYM 23626 563 34 2.610 2.610 CD 23626 563 35 Quartz quartz NN 23626 563 36 7 7 CD 23626 563 37 2.670 2.670 CD 23626 563 38 Tourmaline Tourmaline NNP 23626 563 39 ( ( -LRB- 23626 563 40 not not RB 23626 563 41 unlike unlike IN 23626 563 42 Black Black NNP 23626 563 43 Resin Resin NNP 23626 563 44 in in IN 23626 563 45 appearance appearance NN 23626 563 46 ) ) -RRB- 23626 563 47 7 7 CD 23626 563 48 - - SYM 23626 563 49 1/4 1/4 CD 23626 563 50 3.024 3.024 CD 23626 563 51 - - SYM 23626 563 52 3.300 3.300 CD 23626 563 53 CHAPTER chapter NN 23626 563 54 XIII xiii NN 23626 563 55 . . . 23626 564 1 VARIOUS VARIOUS NNP 23626 564 2 PRECIOUS PRECIOUS NNP 23626 564 3 STONES STONES NNP 23626 564 4 . . . 23626 565 1 _ _ NNP 23626 565 2 The the DT 23626 565 3 Diamond Diamond NNP 23626 565 4 . . . 23626 565 5 _ _ NNP 23626 565 6 To to TO 23626 565 7 recapitulate recapitulate VB 23626 565 8 certain certain JJ 23626 565 9 of of IN 23626 565 10 the the DT 23626 565 11 facts fact NNS 23626 565 12 respecting respect VBG 23626 565 13 the the DT 23626 565 14 diamond.--This diamond.--this CD 23626 565 15 wonderful wonderful JJ 23626 565 16 gem gem NN 23626 565 17 has have VBZ 23626 565 18 the the DT 23626 565 19 distinction distinction NN 23626 565 20 amongst amongst IN 23626 565 21 precious precious JJ 23626 565 22 stones stone NNS 23626 565 23 of of IN 23626 565 24 being be VBG 23626 565 25 unique unique JJ 23626 565 26 ; ; : 23626 565 27 though though IN 23626 565 28 many many JJ 23626 565 29 are be VBP 23626 565 30 composed compose VBN 23626 565 31 of of IN 23626 565 32 two two CD 23626 565 33 , , , 23626 565 34 three three CD 23626 565 35 , , , 23626 565 36 or or CC 23626 565 37 but but CC 23626 565 38 a a DT 23626 565 39 small small JJ 23626 565 40 number number NN 23626 565 41 of of IN 23626 565 42 elements element NNS 23626 565 43 , , , 23626 565 44 the the DT 23626 565 45 diamond diamond NN 23626 565 46 is be VBZ 23626 565 47 the the DT 23626 565 48 only only JJ 23626 565 49 stone stone NN 23626 565 50 known know VBN 23626 565 51 consisting consist VBG 23626 565 52 of of IN 23626 565 53 one one CD 23626 565 54 element element NN 23626 565 55 , , , 23626 565 56 and and CC 23626 565 57 absolutely absolutely RB 23626 565 58 nothing nothing NN 23626 565 59 else else RB 23626 565 60 -- -- : 23626 565 61 pure pure JJ 23626 565 62 crystallised crystallised JJ 23626 565 63 carbon carbon NN 23626 565 64 . . . 23626 566 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 566 2 hardness hardness NN 23626 566 3 is be VBZ 23626 566 4 proverbial proverbial JJ 23626 566 5 ; ; : 23626 566 6 not not RB 23626 566 7 only only RB 23626 566 8 is be VBZ 23626 566 9 it -PRON- PRP 23626 566 10 untouched untouched JJ 23626 566 11 by by IN 23626 566 12 the the DT 23626 566 13 action action NN 23626 566 14 of of IN 23626 566 15 a a DT 23626 566 16 hard hard JJ 23626 566 17 file file NN 23626 566 18 , , , 23626 566 19 but but CC 23626 566 20 it -PRON- PRP 23626 566 21 occasionally occasionally RB 23626 566 22 refuses refuse VBZ 23626 566 23 to to TO 23626 566 24 split split VB 23626 566 25 when when WRB 23626 566 26 struck strike VBN 23626 566 27 with with IN 23626 566 28 finely finely RB 23626 566 29 tempered temper VBN 23626 566 30 steel steel NN 23626 566 31 , , , 23626 566 32 which which WDT 23626 566 33 it -PRON- PRP 23626 566 34 often often RB 23626 566 35 causes cause VBZ 23626 566 36 to to TO 23626 566 37 break break VB 23626 566 38 . . . 23626 567 1 Such such JJ 23626 567 2 was be VBD 23626 567 3 the the DT 23626 567 4 case case NN 23626 567 5 with with IN 23626 567 6 the the DT 23626 567 7 South south JJ 23626 567 8 African african JJ 23626 567 9 diamond diamond NN 23626 567 10 , , , 23626 567 11 for for IN 23626 567 12 when when WRB 23626 567 13 the the DT 23626 567 14 knife knife NN 23626 567 15 that that WDT 23626 567 16 was be VBD 23626 567 17 to to TO 23626 567 18 break break VB 23626 567 19 it -PRON- PRP 23626 567 20 was be VBD 23626 567 21 struck strike VBN 23626 567 22 smartly smartly RB 23626 567 23 with with IN 23626 567 24 a a DT 23626 567 25 steel steel NN 23626 567 26 bar bar NN 23626 567 27 , , , 23626 567 28 the the DT 23626 567 29 first first JJ 23626 567 30 blow blow NN 23626 567 31 broke break VBD 23626 567 32 the the DT 23626 567 33 blade blade NN 23626 567 34 without without IN 23626 567 35 affecting affect VBG 23626 567 36 the the DT 23626 567 37 diamond diamond NN 23626 567 38 , , , 23626 567 39 yet yet CC 23626 567 40 a a DT 23626 567 41 piece piece NN 23626 567 42 of of IN 23626 567 43 bort bort NN 23626 567 44 , , , 23626 567 45 or or CC 23626 567 46 diamond diamond NN 23626 567 47 dust dust NN 23626 567 48 , , , 23626 567 49 splinters splinter NNS 23626 567 50 , , , 23626 567 51 or or CC 23626 567 52 defective defective JJ 23626 567 53 diamonds diamond NNS 23626 567 54 ( ( -LRB- 23626 567 55 all all PDT 23626 567 56 these these DT 23626 567 57 being be VBG 23626 567 58 called call VBN 23626 567 59 bort bort NN 23626 567 60 ) ) -RRB- 23626 567 61 , , , 23626 567 62 may may MD 23626 567 63 readily readily RB 23626 567 64 be be VB 23626 567 65 pulverised pulverise VBN 23626 567 66 in in IN 23626 567 67 a a DT 23626 567 68 hard hard JJ 23626 567 69 steel steel NN 23626 567 70 mortar mortar NN 23626 567 71 with with IN 23626 567 72 a a DT 23626 567 73 hard hard JJ 23626 567 74 steel steel NN 23626 567 75 pestle pestle NN 23626 567 76 . . . 23626 568 1 The the DT 23626 568 2 diamond diamond NN 23626 568 3 is be VBZ 23626 568 4 the the DT 23626 568 5 hardest hard JJS 23626 568 6 stone stone NN 23626 568 7 known know VBN 23626 568 8 ; ; : 23626 568 9 it -PRON- PRP 23626 568 10 is be VBZ 23626 568 11 also also RB 23626 568 12 the the DT 23626 568 13 only only JJ 23626 568 14 stone stone NN 23626 568 15 known know VBN 23626 568 16 which which WDT 23626 568 17 is be VBZ 23626 568 18 really really RB 23626 568 19 combustible combustible JJ 23626 568 20 . . . 23626 569 1 It -PRON- PRP 23626 569 2 is be VBZ 23626 569 3 of of IN 23626 569 4 true true JJ 23626 569 5 adamantine adamantine NNP 23626 569 6 lustre lustre NNP 23626 569 7 , , , 23626 569 8 classed class VBN 23626 569 9 by by IN 23626 569 10 experts expert NNS 23626 569 11 as as IN 23626 569 12 midway midway RB 23626 569 13 between between IN 23626 569 14 the the DT 23626 569 15 truly truly RB 23626 569 16 metallic metallic JJ 23626 569 17 and and CC 23626 569 18 the the DT 23626 569 19 purely purely RB 23626 569 20 resinous resinous JJ 23626 569 21 . . . 23626 570 1 In in IN 23626 570 2 refractive refractive JJ 23626 570 3 power power NN 23626 570 4 and and CC 23626 570 5 dispersion dispersion NN 23626 570 6 of of IN 23626 570 7 the the DT 23626 570 8 coloured coloured JJ 23626 570 9 rays ray NNS 23626 570 10 of of IN 23626 570 11 light light NN 23626 570 12 , , , 23626 570 13 called call VBD 23626 570 14 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 570 15 fire fire NN 23626 570 16 , , , 23626 570 17 it -PRON- PRP 23626 570 18 stands stand VBZ 23626 570 19 pre pre JJ 23626 570 20 - - JJ 23626 570 21 eminent eminent JJ 23626 570 22 . . . 23626 571 1 It -PRON- PRP 23626 571 2 possesses possess VBZ 23626 571 3 a a DT 23626 571 4 considerable considerable JJ 23626 571 5 variety variety NN 23626 571 6 of of IN 23626 571 7 colour colour NN 23626 571 8 ; ; : 23626 571 9 that that WDT 23626 571 10 regarded regard VBD 23626 571 11 as as IN 23626 571 12 the the DT 23626 571 13 most most RBS 23626 571 14 perfect perfect JJ 23626 571 15 and and CC 23626 571 16 rare rare JJ 23626 571 17 is be VBZ 23626 571 18 the the DT 23626 571 19 blue blue JJ 23626 571 20 - - HYPH 23626 571 21 white white JJ 23626 571 22 colour colour NN 23626 571 23 . . . 23626 572 1 Most most RBS 23626 572 2 commonly commonly RB 23626 572 3 , , , 23626 572 4 however however RB 23626 572 5 , , , 23626 572 6 the the DT 23626 572 7 colours colour NNS 23626 572 8 are be VBP 23626 572 9 clear clear JJ 23626 572 10 , , , 23626 572 11 with with IN 23626 572 12 steely steely RB 23626 572 13 - - HYPH 23626 572 14 blue blue JJ 23626 572 15 casts cast NNS 23626 572 16 , , , 23626 572 17 pale pale JJ 23626 572 18 and and CC 23626 572 19 neutral neutral JJ 23626 572 20 - - HYPH 23626 572 21 colour colour NN 23626 572 22 yellow yellow NN 23626 572 23 , , , 23626 572 24 whilst whilst IN 23626 572 25 amongst amongst IN 23626 572 26 the the DT 23626 572 27 most most RBS 23626 572 28 expensive expensive JJ 23626 572 29 and and CC 23626 572 30 rare rare JJ 23626 572 31 are be VBP 23626 572 32 those those DT 23626 572 33 of of IN 23626 572 34 green green JJ 23626 572 35 , , , 23626 572 36 pale pale JJ 23626 572 37 pink pink NN 23626 572 38 , , , 23626 572 39 red red JJ 23626 572 40 , , , 23626 572 41 and and CC 23626 572 42 any any DT 23626 572 43 other other JJ 23626 572 44 variety variety NN 23626 572 45 with with IN 23626 572 46 strong strong JJ 23626 572 47 and and CC 23626 572 48 decided decide VBN 23626 572 49 colour colour NN 23626 572 50 . . . 23626 573 1 Although although IN 23626 573 2 these these DT 23626 573 3 stones stone NNS 23626 573 4 are be VBP 23626 573 5 sold sell VBN 23626 573 6 by by IN 23626 573 7 the the DT 23626 573 8 carat carat NN 23626 573 9 , , , 23626 573 10 there there EX 23626 573 11 can can MD 23626 573 12 be be VB 23626 573 13 no no RB 23626 573 14 hard hard JJ 23626 573 15 and and CC 23626 573 16 fast fast JJ 23626 573 17 rule rule NN 23626 573 18 laid lay VBD 23626 573 19 down down RP 23626 573 20 as as IN 23626 573 21 to to IN 23626 573 22 the the DT 23626 573 23 value value NN 23626 573 24 of of IN 23626 573 25 a a DT 23626 573 26 carat carat NN 23626 573 27 , , , 23626 573 28 for for IN 23626 573 29 this this DT 23626 573 30 depends depend VBZ 23626 573 31 on on IN 23626 573 32 the the DT 23626 573 33 size size NN 23626 573 34 , , , 23626 573 35 quality quality NN 23626 573 36 , , , 23626 573 37 and and CC 23626 573 38 the the DT 23626 573 39 purity purity NN 23626 573 40 of of IN 23626 573 41 the the DT 23626 573 42 stone stone NN 23626 573 43 . . . 23626 574 1 The the DT 23626 574 2 larger large JJR 23626 574 3 the the DT 23626 574 4 stone stone NN 23626 574 5 the the DT 23626 574 6 greater great JJR 23626 574 7 the the DT 23626 574 8 value value NN 23626 574 9 per per IN 23626 574 10 carat carat NN 23626 574 11 , , , 23626 574 12 and and CC 23626 574 13 prices price NNS 23626 574 14 have have VBP 23626 574 15 been be VBN 23626 574 16 known know VBN 23626 574 17 to to TO 23626 574 18 range range VB 23626 574 19 from from IN 23626 574 20 25_l 25_l CD 23626 574 21 . . . 23626 574 22 _ _ NNP 23626 574 23 per per IN 23626 574 24 carat carat NNP 23626 574 25 for for IN 23626 574 26 a a DT 23626 574 27 small small JJ 23626 574 28 stone stone NN 23626 574 29 to to IN 23626 574 30 500_l 500_l NNP 23626 574 31 . . . 23626 574 32 _ _ NNP 23626 574 33 per per IN 23626 574 34 carat carat NNP 23626 574 35 for for IN 23626 574 36 a a DT 23626 574 37 large large JJ 23626 574 38 one one NN 23626 574 39 , , , 23626 574 40 whereas whereas IN 23626 574 41 the the DT 23626 574 42 exceptionally exceptionally RB 23626 574 43 large large JJ 23626 574 44 stones stone NNS 23626 574 45 possess possess VBP 23626 574 46 a a DT 23626 574 47 value value NN 23626 574 48 almost almost RB 23626 574 49 beyond beyond IN 23626 574 50 estimation estimation NN 23626 574 51 . . . 23626 575 1 It -PRON- PRP 23626 575 2 often often RB 23626 575 3 happens happen VBZ 23626 575 4 that that IN 23626 575 5 some some DT 23626 575 6 stones stone NNS 23626 575 7 -- -- : 23626 575 8 particularly particularly RB 23626 575 9 those those DT 23626 575 10 from from IN 23626 575 11 South South NNP 23626 575 12 Africa Africa NNP 23626 575 13 and and CC 23626 575 14 Brazil Brazil NNP 23626 575 15 -- -- : 23626 575 16 are be VBP 23626 575 17 tinted tint VBN 23626 575 18 when when WRB 23626 575 19 uncut uncut JJ 23626 575 20 , , , 23626 575 21 probably probably RB 23626 575 22 by by IN 23626 575 23 reason reason NN 23626 575 24 of of IN 23626 575 25 the the DT 23626 575 26 action action NN 23626 575 27 upon upon IN 23626 575 28 them -PRON- PRP 23626 575 29 of of IN 23626 575 30 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 575 31 matrix matrix NN 23626 575 32 , , , 23626 575 33 especially especially RB 23626 575 34 if if IN 23626 575 35 ironstone ironstone NN 23626 575 36 , , , 23626 575 37 or or CC 23626 575 38 with with IN 23626 575 39 rolling roll VBG 23626 575 40 for for IN 23626 575 41 ages age NNS 23626 575 42 amongst amongst IN 23626 575 43 ironstone ironstone NN 23626 575 44 in in IN 23626 575 45 river river NN 23626 575 46 - - HYPH 23626 575 47 beds bed NNS 23626 575 48 , , , 23626 575 49 which which WDT 23626 575 50 gives give VBZ 23626 575 51 them -PRON- PRP 23626 575 52 a a DT 23626 575 53 slight slight JJ 23626 575 54 metallic metallic JJ 23626 575 55 appearance appearance NN 23626 575 56 ; ; : 23626 575 57 in in IN 23626 575 58 each each DT 23626 575 59 case case NN 23626 575 60 the the DT 23626 575 61 cause cause NN 23626 575 62 is be VBZ 23626 575 63 suggested suggest VBN 23626 575 64 by by IN 23626 575 65 the the DT 23626 575 66 fact fact NN 23626 575 67 that that IN 23626 575 68 these these DT 23626 575 69 tinted tint VBN 23626 575 70 stones stone NNS 23626 575 71 are be VBP 23626 575 72 usually usually RB 23626 575 73 found find VBN 23626 575 74 in in IN 23626 575 75 such such JJ 23626 575 76 places place NNS 23626 575 77 , , , 23626 575 78 and and CC 23626 575 79 that that IN 23626 575 80 the the DT 23626 575 81 tinting tinting NN 23626 575 82 is be VBZ 23626 575 83 very very RB 23626 575 84 thin thin JJ 23626 575 85 and and CC 23626 575 86 on on IN 23626 575 87 the the DT 23626 575 88 surface surface NN 23626 575 89 only only RB 23626 575 90 , , , 23626 575 91 so so IN 23626 575 92 that that IN 23626 575 93 the the DT 23626 575 94 cutting cutting NN 23626 575 95 and and CC 23626 575 96 shaping shaping NN 23626 575 97 of of IN 23626 575 98 the the DT 23626 575 99 stone stone NN 23626 575 100 gets get VBZ 23626 575 101 below below IN 23626 575 102 it -PRON- PRP 23626 575 103 to to IN 23626 575 104 the the DT 23626 575 105 perfectly perfectly RB 23626 575 106 clear clear JJ 23626 575 107 diamond diamond NN 23626 575 108 . . . 23626 576 1 From from IN 23626 576 2 Pliny Pliny NNP 23626 576 3 and and CC 23626 576 4 other other JJ 23626 576 5 historians historian NNS 23626 576 6 we -PRON- PRP 23626 576 7 gather gather VBP 23626 576 8 that that IN 23626 576 9 at at IN 23626 576 10 various various JJ 23626 576 11 periods period NNS 23626 576 12 considerable considerable JJ 23626 576 13 superstition superstition NN 23626 576 14 has have VBZ 23626 576 15 existed exist VBN 23626 576 16 with with IN 23626 576 17 regard regard NN 23626 576 18 to to IN 23626 576 19 diamonds diamond NNS 23626 576 20 , , , 23626 576 21 such such JJ 23626 576 22 as as IN 23626 576 23 that that DT 23626 576 24 if if IN 23626 576 25 one one CD 23626 576 26 is be VBZ 23626 576 27 powdered powder VBN 23626 576 28 it -PRON- PRP 23626 576 29 becomes become VBZ 23626 576 30 poisonous poisonous JJ 23626 576 31 to to IN 23626 576 32 a a DT 23626 576 33 remarkable remarkable JJ 23626 576 34 degree degree NN 23626 576 35 ; ; : 23626 576 36 that that IN 23626 576 37 gifts gift NNS 23626 576 38 of of IN 23626 576 39 diamonds diamond NNS 23626 576 40 between between IN 23626 576 41 lovers lover NNS 23626 576 42 -- -- : 23626 576 43 married married JJ 23626 576 44 and and CC 23626 576 45 unmarried unmarried JJ 23626 576 46 -- -- : 23626 576 47 produce produce VB 23626 576 48 and and CC 23626 576 49 seal seal NN 23626 576 50 affection affection NN 23626 576 51 ; ; : 23626 576 52 hence hence RB 23626 576 53 the the DT 23626 576 54 popularity popularity NN 23626 576 55 of of IN 23626 576 56 diamonds diamond NNS 23626 576 57 in in IN 23626 576 58 betrothal betrothal NN 23626 576 59 rings ring NNS 23626 576 60 . . . 23626 577 1 Pretty pretty RB 23626 577 2 as as IN 23626 577 3 is be VBZ 23626 577 4 this this DT 23626 577 5 conceit conceit NN 23626 577 6 , , , 23626 577 7 there there EX 23626 577 8 is be VBZ 23626 577 9 no no DT 23626 577 10 doubt doubt NN 23626 577 11 about about IN 23626 577 12 the the DT 23626 577 13 fact fact NN 23626 577 14 that that IN 23626 577 15 the the DT 23626 577 16 gift gift NN 23626 577 17 of of IN 23626 577 18 diamonds diamond NNS 23626 577 19 to to IN 23626 577 20 the the DT 23626 577 21 object object NN 23626 577 22 of of IN 23626 577 23 one one CD 23626 577 24 's 's POS 23626 577 25 affections affection NNS 23626 577 26 does do VBZ 23626 577 27 usually usually RB 23626 577 28 produce produce VB 23626 577 29 a a DT 23626 577 30 feeling feeling NN 23626 577 31 of of IN 23626 577 32 pleasure pleasure NN 23626 577 33 to to IN 23626 577 34 both both DT 23626 577 35 parties party NNS 23626 577 36 , , , 23626 577 37 from from IN 23626 577 38 which which WDT 23626 577 39 it -PRON- PRP 23626 577 40 would would MD 23626 577 41 appear appear VB 23626 577 42 that that IN 23626 577 43 there there EX 23626 577 44 is be VBZ 23626 577 45 some some DT 23626 577 46 ground ground NN 23626 577 47 for for IN 23626 577 48 the the DT 23626 577 49 belief belief NN 23626 577 50 . . . 23626 578 1 _ _ NNP 23626 578 2 Corundum Corundum NNP 23626 578 3 . . . 23626 578 4 _ _ NNP 23626 578 5 This this DT 23626 578 6 mineral mineral NN 23626 578 7 is be VBZ 23626 578 8 a a DT 23626 578 9 species species NN 23626 578 10 of of IN 23626 578 11 crystal crystal NN 23626 578 12 , , , 23626 578 13 or or CC 23626 578 14 crystalline crystalline NN 23626 578 15 alumina alumina NNP 23626 578 16 -- -- : 23626 578 17 an an DT 23626 578 18 almost almost RB 23626 578 19 pure pure JJ 23626 578 20 anhydrous anhydrous JJ 23626 578 21 alumina alumina NN 23626 578 22 , , , 23626 578 23 Al_{2}O_{3}--in Al_{2}O_{3}--in NNP 23626 578 24 many many JJ 23626 578 25 varieties variety NNS 23626 578 26 , , , 23626 578 27 both both DT 23626 578 28 of of IN 23626 578 29 shape shape NN 23626 578 30 and and CC 23626 578 31 colour colour NN 23626 578 32 . . . 23626 579 1 The the DT 23626 579 2 chief chief JJ 23626 579 3 stone stone NN 23626 579 4 is be VBZ 23626 579 5 the the DT 23626 579 6 ruby ruby NNP 23626 579 7 , , , 23626 579 8 considered consider VBN 23626 579 9 , , , 23626 579 10 when when WRB 23626 579 11 large large JJ 23626 579 12 , , , 23626 579 13 to to TO 23626 579 14 be be VB 23626 579 15 of of IN 23626 579 16 even even RB 23626 579 17 more more JJR 23626 579 18 importance importance NN 23626 579 19 and and CC 23626 579 20 value value NN 23626 579 21 than than IN 23626 579 22 the the DT 23626 579 23 diamond diamond NN 23626 579 24 . . . 23626 580 1 There there EX 23626 580 2 are be VBP 23626 580 3 many many JJ 23626 580 4 other other JJ 23626 580 5 red red JJ 23626 580 6 stones stone NNS 23626 580 7 in in IN 23626 580 8 this this DT 23626 580 9 group group NN 23626 580 10 ; ; : 23626 580 11 sapphires sapphire NNS 23626 580 12 , , , 23626 580 13 also also RB 23626 580 14 , , , 23626 580 15 are be VBP 23626 580 16 a a DT 23626 580 17 species species NN 23626 580 18 of of IN 23626 580 19 corundum corundum NN 23626 580 20 , , , 23626 580 21 both both CC 23626 580 22 the the DT 23626 580 23 blue blue JJ 23626 580 24 and and CC 23626 580 25 the the DT 23626 580 26 colourless colourless JJ 23626 580 27 varieties variety NNS 23626 580 28 , , , 23626 580 29 as as IN 23626 580 30 are be VBP 23626 580 31 also also RB 23626 580 32 the the DT 23626 580 33 aquamarine aquamarine NN 23626 580 34 , , , 23626 580 35 the the DT 23626 580 36 emerald emerald NN 23626 580 37 , , , 23626 580 38 the the DT 23626 580 39 amethyst amethyst NN 23626 580 40 , , , 23626 580 41 the the DT 23626 580 42 topaz topaz NN 23626 580 43 , , , 23626 580 44 and and CC 23626 580 45 others other NNS 23626 580 46 , , , 23626 580 47 all all DT 23626 580 48 of of IN 23626 580 49 widely widely RB 23626 580 50 differing differ VBG 23626 580 51 colour colour NN 23626 580 52 , , , 23626 580 53 as as RB 23626 580 54 well well RB 23626 580 55 as as IN 23626 580 56 the the DT 23626 580 57 star star NN 23626 580 58 - - HYPH 23626 580 59 shaped shape VBN 23626 580 60 , , , 23626 580 61 or or CC 23626 580 62 " " `` 23626 580 63 aster aster NNP 23626 580 64 " " '' 23626 580 65 ruby ruby NNP 23626 580 66 , , , 23626 580 67 called call VBD 23626 580 68 the the DT 23626 580 69 " " `` 23626 580 70 ruby ruby NNP 23626 580 71 " " '' 23626 580 72 cat's cat's NN 23626 580 73 - - HYPH 23626 580 74 eye eye NN 23626 580 75 . . . 23626 581 1 All all PDT 23626 581 2 these these DT 23626 581 3 vary vary VBP 23626 581 4 more more RBR 23626 581 5 in in IN 23626 581 6 colour colour NN 23626 581 7 than than IN 23626 581 8 in in IN 23626 581 9 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 581 10 chemical chemical NN 23626 581 11 properties property NNS 23626 581 12 . . . 23626 582 1 Still still RB 23626 582 2 another another DT 23626 582 3 variety variety NN 23626 582 4 , , , 23626 582 5 greyish greyish NN 23626 582 6 - - HYPH 23626 582 7 black black JJ 23626 582 8 and and CC 23626 582 9 generally generally RB 23626 582 10 associated associate VBN 23626 582 11 with with IN 23626 582 12 hæmatite hæmatite NNP 23626 582 13 iron iron NNP 23626 582 14 ore ore NN 23626 582 15 , , , 23626 582 16 is be VBZ 23626 582 17 called call VBN 23626 582 18 emery emery NN 23626 582 19 , , , 23626 582 20 and and CC 23626 582 21 , , , 23626 582 22 when when WRB 23626 582 23 ground ground NN 23626 582 24 in in IN 23626 582 25 different different JJ 23626 582 26 degrees degree NNS 23626 582 27 of of IN 23626 582 28 fineness fineness NN 23626 582 29 , , , 23626 582 30 is be VBZ 23626 582 31 so so RB 23626 582 32 well well RB 23626 582 33 known know VBN 23626 582 34 by by IN 23626 582 35 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 582 36 general general JJ 23626 582 37 use use NN 23626 582 38 as as IN 23626 582 39 a a DT 23626 582 40 polishing polish VBG 23626 582 41 medium medium NN 23626 582 42 as as IN 23626 582 43 to to TO 23626 582 44 need need VB 23626 582 45 no no DT 23626 582 46 description description NN 23626 582 47 . . . 23626 583 1 It -PRON- PRP 23626 583 2 should should MD 23626 583 3 , , , 23626 583 4 however however RB 23626 583 5 , , , 23626 583 6 be be VB 23626 583 7 mentioned mention VBN 23626 583 8 that that IN 23626 583 9 amongst amongst IN 23626 583 10 the the DT 23626 583 11 more more RBR 23626 583 12 coarsely coarsely RB 23626 583 13 ground grind VBN 23626 583 14 emery emery NN 23626 583 15 it -PRON- PRP 23626 583 16 is be VBZ 23626 583 17 no no DT 23626 583 18 uncommon uncommon JJ 23626 583 19 thing thing NN 23626 583 20 to to TO 23626 583 21 find find VB 23626 583 22 minute minute NN 23626 583 23 sapphires sapphire NNS 23626 583 24 , , , 23626 583 25 taking take VBG 23626 583 26 sapphires sapphire NNS 23626 583 27 in in IN 23626 583 28 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 583 29 broad broad JJ 23626 583 30 , , , 23626 583 31 commercial commercial JJ 23626 583 32 meaning meaning NN 23626 583 33 , , , 23626 583 34 as as IN 23626 583 35 signifying signify VBG 23626 583 36 any any DT 23626 583 37 variety variety NN 23626 583 38 of of IN 23626 583 39 corundum corundum NN 23626 583 40 , , , 23626 583 41 except except IN 23626 583 42 the the DT 23626 583 43 red red NN 23626 583 44 and and CC 23626 583 45 the the DT 23626 583 46 emery emery NN 23626 583 47 . . . 23626 584 1 The the DT 23626 584 2 surfaces surface NNS 23626 584 3 of of IN 23626 584 4 crystals crystal NNS 23626 584 5 of of IN 23626 584 6 corundum corundum NN 23626 584 7 are be VBP 23626 584 8 often often RB 23626 584 9 clouded clouded JJ 23626 584 10 or or CC 23626 584 11 dull dull JJ 23626 584 12 , , , 23626 584 13 whilst whilst IN 23626 584 14 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 584 15 classification classification NN 23626 584 16 of of IN 23626 584 17 lustre lustre NNP 23626 584 18 is be VBZ 23626 584 19 vitreous vitreous JJ 23626 584 20 . . . 23626 585 1 It -PRON- PRP 23626 585 2 is be VBZ 23626 585 3 double double JJ 23626 585 4 refracting refracting NN 23626 585 5 and and CC 23626 585 6 has have VBZ 23626 585 7 no no DT 23626 585 8 cleavage cleavage NN 23626 585 9 . . . 23626 586 1 It -PRON- PRP 23626 586 2 is be VBZ 23626 586 3 found find VBN 23626 586 4 in in IN 23626 586 5 China China NNP 23626 586 6 , , , 23626 586 7 India India NNP 23626 586 8 , , , 23626 586 9 Burma Burma NNP 23626 586 10 , , , 23626 586 11 Ceylon Ceylon NNP 23626 586 12 , , , 23626 586 13 South South NNP 23626 586 14 Africa Africa NNP 23626 586 15 , , , 23626 586 16 America America NNP 23626 586 17 , , , 23626 586 18 and and CC 23626 586 19 in in IN 23626 586 20 many many JJ 23626 586 21 other other JJ 23626 586 22 places place NNS 23626 586 23 , , , 23626 586 24 having have VBG 23626 586 25 a a DT 23626 586 26 wide wide JJ 23626 586 27 distribution distribution NN 23626 586 28 . . . 23626 587 1 _ _ NNP 23626 587 2 The the DT 23626 587 3 Ruby Ruby NNP 23626 587 4 . . . 23626 587 5 _ _ NNP 23626 587 6 In in IN 23626 587 7 the the DT 23626 587 8 dichroscope dichroscope NN 23626 587 9 the the DT 23626 587 10 ruby ruby NNP 23626 587 11 shows show VBZ 23626 587 12 two two CD 23626 587 13 images image NNS 23626 587 14 , , , 23626 587 15 one one CD 23626 587 16 square square NN 23626 587 17 of of IN 23626 587 18 a a DT 23626 587 19 violet violet NN 23626 587 20 red red NN 23626 587 21 , , , 23626 587 22 the the DT 23626 587 23 second second JJ 23626 587 24 square square NN 23626 587 25 being be VBG 23626 587 26 a a DT 23626 587 27 truer truer NN 23626 587 28 and and CC 23626 587 29 a a DT 23626 587 30 paler paler NN 23626 587 31 red red NN 23626 587 32 . . . 23626 588 1 It -PRON- PRP 23626 588 2 may may MD 23626 588 3 be be VB 23626 588 4 subjected subject VBN 23626 588 5 to to IN 23626 588 6 strong strong JJ 23626 588 7 heat heat NN 23626 588 8 , , , 23626 588 9 when when WRB 23626 588 10 it -PRON- PRP 23626 588 11 changes change VBZ 23626 588 12 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 588 13 colour colour NN 23626 588 14 to to IN 23626 588 15 a a DT 23626 588 16 sooty sooty JJ 23626 588 17 or or CC 23626 588 18 dirty dirty JJ 23626 588 19 slate slate NN 23626 588 20 , , , 23626 588 21 this this DT 23626 588 22 varying varying NN 23626 588 23 with with IN 23626 588 24 the the DT 23626 588 25 locality locality NN 23626 588 26 in in IN 23626 588 27 which which WDT 23626 588 28 the the DT 23626 588 29 stone stone NN 23626 588 30 is be VBZ 23626 588 31 found find VBN 23626 588 32 , , , 23626 588 33 and and CC 23626 588 34 the the DT 23626 588 35 manner manner NN 23626 588 36 in in IN 23626 588 37 which which WDT 23626 588 38 the the DT 23626 588 39 heat heat NN 23626 588 40 is be VBZ 23626 588 41 applied apply VBN 23626 588 42 . . . 23626 589 1 But but CC 23626 589 2 as as IN 23626 589 3 it -PRON- PRP 23626 589 4 cools cool VBZ 23626 589 5 it -PRON- PRP 23626 589 6 becomes become VBZ 23626 589 7 paler paler NN 23626 589 8 and and CC 23626 589 9 greener greener NNP 23626 589 10 , , , 23626 589 11 till till IN 23626 589 12 it -PRON- PRP 23626 589 13 slowly slowly RB 23626 589 14 enrichens enrichen VBZ 23626 589 15 ; ; : 23626 589 16 the the DT 23626 589 17 green green JJ 23626 589 18 first first RB 23626 589 19 becomes become VBZ 23626 589 20 broken break VBN 23626 589 21 , , , 23626 589 22 then then RB 23626 589 23 warmer warm JJR 23626 589 24 , , , 23626 589 25 redder red JJR 23626 589 26 , , , 23626 589 27 and and CC 23626 589 28 finally finally RB 23626 589 29 assumes assume VBZ 23626 589 30 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 589 31 original original JJ 23626 589 32 beautiful beautiful JJ 23626 589 33 blood blood NN 23626 589 34 red red NN 23626 589 35 . . . 23626 590 1 This this DT 23626 590 2 method method NN 23626 590 3 of of IN 23626 590 4 heating heating NN 23626 590 5 is be VBZ 23626 590 6 sometimes sometimes RB 23626 590 7 used use VBN 23626 590 8 as as IN 23626 590 9 a a DT 23626 590 10 test test NN 23626 590 11 , , , 23626 590 12 but but CC 23626 590 13 it -PRON- PRP 23626 590 14 is be VBZ 23626 590 15 a a DT 23626 590 16 test test NN 23626 590 17 which which WDT 23626 590 18 often often RB 23626 590 19 means mean VBZ 23626 590 20 the the DT 23626 590 21 complete complete JJ 23626 590 22 ruin ruin NN 23626 590 23 of of IN 23626 590 24 a a DT 23626 590 25 stone stone NN 23626 590 26 which which WDT 23626 590 27 is be VBZ 23626 590 28 not not RB 23626 590 29 genuine genuine JJ 23626 590 30 . . . 23626 591 1 Another another DT 23626 591 2 characteristic characteristic NN 23626 591 3 which which WDT 23626 591 4 , , , 23626 591 5 in in IN 23626 591 6 the the DT 23626 591 7 eyes eye NNS 23626 591 8 of of IN 23626 591 9 the the DT 23626 591 10 expert expert NN 23626 591 11 , , , 23626 591 12 invariably invariably RB 23626 591 13 isolates isolate VBZ 23626 591 14 a a DT 23626 591 15 real real NN 23626 591 16 from from IN 23626 591 17 an an DT 23626 591 18 artificial artificial JJ 23626 591 19 ruby ruby NN 23626 591 20 is be VBZ 23626 591 21 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 591 22 curious curious JJ 23626 591 23 mild mild JJ 23626 591 24 brilliance brilliance NN 23626 591 25 , , , 23626 591 26 which which WDT 23626 591 27 as as IN 23626 591 28 yet yet RB 23626 591 29 has have VBZ 23626 591 30 not not RB 23626 591 31 been be VBN 23626 591 32 reproduced reproduce VBN 23626 591 33 by by IN 23626 591 34 any any DT 23626 591 35 scientific scientific JJ 23626 591 36 method method NN 23626 591 37 in in IN 23626 591 38 paste paste NN 23626 591 39 or or CC 23626 591 40 any any DT 23626 591 41 other other JJ 23626 591 42 material material NN 23626 591 43 , , , 23626 591 44 but but CC 23626 591 45 perhaps perhaps RB 23626 591 46 the the DT 23626 591 47 safest safe JJS 23626 591 48 test test NN 23626 591 49 of of IN 23626 591 50 all all DT 23626 591 51 is be VBZ 23626 591 52 the the DT 23626 591 53 crystalline crystalline NN 23626 591 54 structure structure NN 23626 591 55 , , , 23626 591 56 which which WDT 23626 591 57 identical identical JJ 23626 591 58 structure structure NN 23626 591 59 appears appear VBZ 23626 591 60 in in IN 23626 591 61 no no DT 23626 591 62 other other JJ 23626 591 63 stone stone NN 23626 591 64 , , , 23626 591 65 though though IN 23626 591 66 it -PRON- PRP 23626 591 67 is be VBZ 23626 591 68 possible possible JJ 23626 591 69 , , , 23626 591 70 by by IN 23626 591 71 heating heat VBG 23626 591 72 alumina alumina NNP 23626 591 73 coloured colour VBN 23626 591 74 with with IN 23626 591 75 oxide oxide NN 23626 591 76 of of IN 23626 591 77 iron iron NN 23626 591 78 and and CC 23626 591 79 perhaps perhaps RB 23626 591 80 also also RB 23626 591 81 a a DT 23626 591 82 trace trace NN 23626 591 83 of of IN 23626 591 84 oxide oxide NN 23626 591 85 of of IN 23626 591 86 chromium chromium NN 23626 591 87 to to IN 23626 591 88 a a DT 23626 591 89 very very RB 23626 591 90 high high JJ 23626 591 91 temperature temperature NN 23626 591 92 for for IN 23626 591 93 a a DT 23626 591 94 considerable considerable JJ 23626 591 95 time time NN 23626 591 96 , , , 23626 591 97 and and CC 23626 591 98 then then RB 23626 591 99 cooling cool VBG 23626 591 100 very very RB 23626 591 101 slowly slowly RB 23626 591 102 , , , 23626 591 103 to to TO 23626 591 104 obtain obtain VB 23626 591 105 a a DT 23626 591 106 ruby ruby NN 23626 591 107 which which WDT 23626 591 108 is be VBZ 23626 591 109 nearly nearly RB 23626 591 110 the the DT 23626 591 111 same same JJ 23626 591 112 in in IN 23626 591 113 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 591 114 structure structure NN 23626 591 115 as as IN 23626 591 116 the the DT 23626 591 117 real real JJ 23626 591 118 gem gem NN 23626 591 119 ; ; : 23626 591 120 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 591 121 specific specific JJ 23626 591 122 gravity gravity NN 23626 591 123 and and CC 23626 591 124 hardness hardness NN 23626 591 125 may may MD 23626 591 126 perhaps perhaps RB 23626 591 127 be be VB 23626 591 128 to to TO 23626 591 129 standard standard VB 23626 591 130 , , , 23626 591 131 and and CC 23626 591 132 when when WRB 23626 591 133 properly properly RB 23626 591 134 cut cut VBN 23626 591 135 , , , 23626 591 136 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 591 137 brilliance brilliance NN 23626 591 138 would would MD 23626 591 139 deceive deceive VB 23626 591 140 all all DT 23626 591 141 but but IN 23626 591 142 an an DT 23626 591 143 expert expert NN 23626 591 144 . . . 23626 592 1 And and CC 23626 592 2 as as IN 23626 592 3 in in IN 23626 592 4 some some DT 23626 592 5 real real JJ 23626 592 6 rubies ruby NNS 23626 592 7 there there EX 23626 592 8 are be VBP 23626 592 9 found find VBN 23626 592 10 slight slight JJ 23626 592 11 hollows hollow NNS 23626 592 12 corresponding corresponding JJ 23626 592 13 or or CC 23626 592 14 analogous analogous JJ 23626 592 15 to to IN 23626 592 16 the the DT 23626 592 17 bubbles bubble NNS 23626 592 18 found find VBN 23626 592 19 in in IN 23626 592 20 melted melted JJ 23626 592 21 glass glass NN 23626 592 22 , , , 23626 592 23 it -PRON- PRP 23626 592 24 becomes become VBZ 23626 592 25 a a DT 23626 592 26 matter matter NN 23626 592 27 of of IN 23626 592 28 great great JJ 23626 592 29 difficulty difficulty NN 23626 592 30 to to TO 23626 592 31 distinguish distinguish VB 23626 592 32 the the DT 23626 592 33 real real JJ 23626 592 34 from from IN 23626 592 35 the the DT 23626 592 36 imitation imitation NN 23626 592 37 by by IN 23626 592 38 such such JJ 23626 592 39 tests test NNS 23626 592 40 as as IN 23626 592 41 hardness hardness JJ 23626 592 42 , , , 23626 592 43 specific specific JJ 23626 592 44 gravity gravity NN 23626 592 45 , , , 23626 592 46 dichroism dichroism NN 23626 592 47 , , , 23626 592 48 and and CC 23626 592 49 the the DT 23626 592 50 like like JJ 23626 592 51 , , , 23626 592 52 so so IN 23626 592 53 that that IN 23626 592 54 in in IN 23626 592 55 such such PDT 23626 592 56 a a DT 23626 592 57 case case NN 23626 592 58 , , , 23626 592 59 short short RB 23626 592 60 of of IN 23626 592 61 risking risk VBG 23626 592 62 the the DT 23626 592 63 ruin ruin NN 23626 592 64 of of IN 23626 592 65 the the DT 23626 592 66 stone stone NN 23626 592 67 , , , 23626 592 68 ordinary ordinary JJ 23626 592 69 persons person NNS 23626 592 70 are be VBP 23626 592 71 unable unable JJ 23626 592 72 to to TO 23626 592 73 apply apply VB 23626 592 74 any any DT 23626 592 75 convincing convincing JJ 23626 592 76 tests test NNS 23626 592 77 . . . 23626 593 1 Therefore therefore RB 23626 593 2 , , , 23626 593 3 only only RB 23626 593 4 the the DT 23626 593 5 expert expert NN 23626 593 6 can can MD 23626 593 7 decide decide VB 23626 593 8 , , , 23626 593 9 by by IN 23626 593 10 his -PRON- PRP$ 23626 593 11 appreciation appreciation NN 23626 593 12 of of IN 23626 593 13 the the DT 23626 593 14 delicate delicate JJ 23626 593 15 shade shade NN 23626 593 16 of of IN 23626 593 17 difference difference NN 23626 593 18 in in IN 23626 593 19 the the DT 23626 593 20 light light NN 23626 593 21 of of IN 23626 593 22 a a DT 23626 593 23 true true JJ 23626 593 24 ruby ruby NN 23626 593 25 and and CC 23626 593 26 that that DT 23626 593 27 of of IN 23626 593 28 an an DT 23626 593 29 excellent excellent JJ 23626 593 30 imitation imitation NN 23626 593 31 , , , 23626 593 32 and and CC 23626 593 33 by by IN 23626 593 34 the the DT 23626 593 35 distribution distribution NN 23626 593 36 of of IN 23626 593 37 the the DT 23626 593 38 colour colour NN 23626 593 39 , , , 23626 593 40 which which WDT 23626 593 41 -- -- : 23626 593 42 however however RB 23626 593 43 experienced experience VBD 23626 593 44 the the DT 23626 593 45 chemist chemist NN 23626 593 46 may may MD 23626 593 47 be be VB 23626 593 48 , , , 23626 593 49 or or CC 23626 593 50 with with IN 23626 593 51 what what WDT 23626 593 52 care care NN 23626 593 53 the the DT 23626 593 54 colouring colour VBG 23626 593 55 matter matter NN 23626 593 56 may may MD 23626 593 57 have have VB 23626 593 58 been be VBN 23626 593 59 incorporated incorporate VBN 23626 593 60 in in IN 23626 593 61 the the DT 23626 593 62 mass mass NN 23626 593 63 -- -- : 23626 593 64 has have VBZ 23626 593 65 been be VBN 23626 593 66 found find VBN 23626 593 67 impossible impossible JJ 23626 593 68 of of IN 23626 593 69 distribution distribution NN 23626 593 70 throughout throughout IN 23626 593 71 the the DT 23626 593 72 body body NN 23626 593 73 of of IN 23626 593 74 an an DT 23626 593 75 artificial artificial JJ 23626 593 76 stone stone NN 23626 593 77 so so RB 23626 593 78 perfectly perfectly RB 23626 593 79 and and CC 23626 593 80 in in IN 23626 593 81 the the DT 23626 593 82 same same JJ 23626 593 83 manner manner NN 23626 593 84 and and CC 23626 593 85 direction direction NN 23626 593 86 as as IN 23626 593 87 nature nature NN 23626 593 88 herself -PRON- PRP 23626 593 89 distributes distribute VBZ 23626 593 90 it -PRON- PRP 23626 593 91 in in IN 23626 593 92 the the DT 23626 593 93 genuine genuine NN 23626 593 94 . . . 23626 594 1 This this DT 23626 594 2 alone alone RB 23626 594 3 , , , 23626 594 4 even even RB 23626 594 5 in in IN 23626 594 6 the the DT 23626 594 7 closest close JJS 23626 594 8 imitations imitation NNS 23626 594 9 , , , 23626 594 10 is be VBZ 23626 594 11 clear clear JJ 23626 594 12 to to IN 23626 594 13 the the DT 23626 594 14 eye eye NN 23626 594 15 of of IN 23626 594 16 the the DT 23626 594 17 expert expert NN 23626 594 18 , , , 23626 594 19 though though IN 23626 594 20 not not RB 23626 594 21 to to IN 23626 594 22 the the DT 23626 594 23 untrained untrained JJ 23626 594 24 eye eye NN 23626 594 25 , , , 23626 594 26 unless unless IN 23626 594 27 the the DT 23626 594 28 stone stone NN 23626 594 29 is be VBZ 23626 594 30 palpably palpably RB 23626 594 31 spurious spurious JJ 23626 594 32 . . . 23626 595 1 To to IN 23626 595 2 one one CD 23626 595 3 who who WP 23626 595 4 is be VBZ 23626 595 5 accustomed accustomed JJ 23626 595 6 to to IN 23626 595 7 the the DT 23626 595 8 examination examination NN 23626 595 9 of of IN 23626 595 10 precious precious JJ 23626 595 11 stones stone NNS 23626 595 12 , , , 23626 595 13 however however RB 23626 595 14 perfect perfect JJ 23626 595 15 the the DT 23626 595 16 imitation imitation NN 23626 595 17 , , , 23626 595 18 it -PRON- PRP 23626 595 19 is be VBZ 23626 595 20 but but CC 23626 595 21 necessary necessary JJ 23626 595 22 to to TO 23626 595 23 place place VB 23626 595 24 it -PRON- PRP 23626 595 25 beside beside RB 23626 595 26 or or CC 23626 595 27 amongst amongst IN 23626 595 28 one one CD 23626 595 29 or or CC 23626 595 30 more more JJR 23626 595 31 real real JJ 23626 595 32 ones one NNS 23626 595 33 for for IN 23626 595 34 the the DT 23626 595 35 false false JJ 23626 595 36 to to TO 23626 595 37 be be VB 23626 595 38 almost almost RB 23626 595 39 instantly instantly RB 23626 595 40 identified identify VBN 23626 595 41 , , , 23626 595 42 and and CC 23626 595 43 that that IN 23626 595 44 with with IN 23626 595 45 certainty certainty NN 23626 595 46 . . . 23626 596 1 _ _ NNP 23626 596 2 The the DT 23626 596 3 Sapphire Sapphire NNP 23626 596 4 . . . 23626 596 5 _ _ NNP 23626 596 6 The the DT 23626 596 7 Sapphire Sapphire NNP 23626 596 8 is be VBZ 23626 596 9 not not RB 23626 596 10 so so RB 23626 596 11 easy easy JJ 23626 596 12 to to TO 23626 596 13 imitate imitate VB 23626 596 14 , , , 23626 596 15 as as IN 23626 596 16 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 596 17 hardness hardness NN 23626 596 18 exceeds exceed VBZ 23626 596 19 that that DT 23626 596 20 of of IN 23626 596 21 the the DT 23626 596 22 ruby ruby NN 23626 596 23 , , , 23626 596 24 and and CC 23626 596 25 imitations imitation NNS 23626 596 26 containing contain VBG 23626 596 27 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 596 28 known know VBN 23626 596 29 constituents constituent NNS 23626 596 30 , , , 23626 596 31 or or CC 23626 596 32 of of IN 23626 596 33 glass glass NN 23626 596 34 , , , 23626 596 35 are be VBP 23626 596 36 invariably invariably RB 23626 596 37 softer soft JJR 23626 596 38 than than IN 23626 596 39 the the DT 23626 596 40 natural natural JJ 23626 596 41 stone stone NN 23626 596 42 . . . 23626 597 1 As as IN 23626 597 2 before before IN 23626 597 3 remarked remark VBN 23626 597 4 , , , 23626 597 5 almost almost RB 23626 597 6 any any DT 23626 597 7 form form NN 23626 597 8 of of IN 23626 597 9 corundum corundum NN 23626 597 10 other other JJ 23626 597 11 than than IN 23626 597 12 red red NNP 23626 597 13 is be VBZ 23626 597 14 , , , 23626 597 15 broadly broadly RB 23626 597 16 , , , 23626 597 17 called call VBN 23626 597 18 sapphire sapphire NN 23626 597 19 , , , 23626 597 20 but but CC 23626 597 21 giving give VBG 23626 597 22 them -PRON- PRP 23626 597 23 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 597 24 strictly strictly RB 23626 597 25 correct correct JJ 23626 597 26 designations designation NNS 23626 597 27 , , , 23626 597 28 we -PRON- PRP 23626 597 29 have have VBP 23626 597 30 the the DT 23626 597 31 olivine olivine JJ 23626 597 32 corundum corundum NN 23626 597 33 , , , 23626 597 34 called call VBD 23626 597 35 " " `` 23626 597 36 chrysolite chrysolite NN 23626 597 37 " " '' 23626 597 38 ( ( -LRB- 23626 597 39 oriental oriental JJ 23626 597 40 ) ) -RRB- 23626 597 41 , , , 23626 597 42 which which WDT 23626 597 43 is be VBZ 23626 597 44 harder hard JJR 23626 597 45 than than IN 23626 597 46 the the DT 23626 597 47 ordinary ordinary JJ 23626 597 48 or or CC 23626 597 49 " " `` 23626 597 50 noble noble JJ 23626 597 51 " " '' 23626 597 52 chrysolite chrysolite NN 23626 597 53 , , , 23626 597 54 sometimes sometimes RB 23626 597 55 called call VBD 23626 597 56 the the DT 23626 597 57 " " `` 23626 597 58 peridot peridot NN 23626 597 59 . . . 23626 597 60 " " '' 23626 598 1 The the DT 23626 598 2 various various JJ 23626 598 3 yellow yellow JJ 23626 598 4 varieties variety NNS 23626 598 5 of of IN 23626 598 6 corundum corundum NN 23626 598 7 take take VBP 23626 598 8 the the DT 23626 598 9 name name NN 23626 598 10 of of IN 23626 598 11 the the DT 23626 598 12 " " `` 23626 598 13 oriental oriental JJ 23626 598 14 topaz topaz NN 23626 598 15 , , , 23626 598 16 " " '' 23626 598 17 which which WDT 23626 598 18 , , , 23626 598 19 like like IN 23626 598 20 most most JJS 23626 598 21 , , , 23626 598 22 if if IN 23626 598 23 not not RB 23626 598 24 all all DT 23626 598 25 , , , 23626 598 26 the the DT 23626 598 27 corundum corundum NN 23626 598 28 varieties variety NNS 23626 598 29 , , , 23626 598 30 is be VBZ 23626 598 31 harder hard JJR 23626 598 32 than than IN 23626 598 33 the the DT 23626 598 34 gem gem NN 23626 598 35 which which WDT 23626 598 36 bears bear VBZ 23626 598 37 the the DT 23626 598 38 same same JJ 23626 598 39 name name NN 23626 598 40 , , , 23626 598 41 minus minus CC 23626 598 42 the the DT 23626 598 43 prefix prefix NN 23626 598 44 " " `` 23626 598 45 oriental oriental JJ 23626 598 46 . . . 23626 598 47 " " '' 23626 599 1 Then then RB 23626 599 2 we -PRON- PRP 23626 599 3 have have VBP 23626 599 4 the the DT 23626 599 5 " " `` 23626 599 6 amethyst amethyst NN 23626 599 7 " " '' 23626 599 8 sapphire sapphire NN 23626 599 9 , , , 23626 599 10 which which WDT 23626 599 11 varies vary VBZ 23626 599 12 from from IN 23626 599 13 a a DT 23626 599 14 red red NN 23626 599 15 to to IN 23626 599 16 a a DT 23626 599 17 blue blue JJ 23626 599 18 purple purple NN 23626 599 19 , , , 23626 599 20 being be VBG 23626 599 21 richer rich JJR 23626 599 22 in in IN 23626 599 23 colour colour NN 23626 599 24 than than IN 23626 599 25 the the DT 23626 599 26 ordinary ordinary JJ 23626 599 27 amethyst amethyst NN 23626 599 28 , , , 23626 599 29 which which WDT 23626 599 30 is be VBZ 23626 599 31 a a DT 23626 599 32 form form NN 23626 599 33 of of IN 23626 599 34 violet violet NN 23626 599 35 - - HYPH 23626 599 36 coloured colour VBN 23626 599 37 quartz quartz NN 23626 599 38 , , , 23626 599 39 but but CC 23626 599 40 the the DT 23626 599 41 corundum corundum NN 23626 599 42 variety variety NN 23626 599 43 , , , 23626 599 44 which which WDT 23626 599 45 , , , 23626 599 46 like like IN 23626 599 47 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 599 48 companions companion NNS 23626 599 49 , , , 23626 599 50 is be VBZ 23626 599 51 called call VBN 23626 599 52 the the DT 23626 599 53 " " `` 23626 599 54 oriental oriental JJ 23626 599 55 " " '' 23626 599 56 amethyst amethyst NN 23626 599 57 , , , 23626 599 58 is be VBZ 23626 599 59 both both CC 23626 599 60 rarer rare JJR 23626 599 61 and and CC 23626 599 62 more more RBR 23626 599 63 precious precious JJ 23626 599 64 . . . 23626 600 1 A a DT 23626 600 2 very very RB 23626 600 3 rare rare JJ 23626 600 4 and and CC 23626 600 5 extremely extremely RB 23626 600 6 beautiful beautiful JJ 23626 600 7 green green JJ 23626 600 8 variety variety NN 23626 600 9 is be VBZ 23626 600 10 called call VBN 23626 600 11 the the DT 23626 600 12 oriental oriental JJ 23626 600 13 emerald emerald NN 23626 600 14 . . . 23626 601 1 The the DT 23626 601 2 oriental oriental JJ 23626 601 3 jacinth jacinth NN 23626 601 4 , , , 23626 601 5 or or CC 23626 601 6 hyacinth hyacinth JJ 23626 601 7 , , , 23626 601 8 is be VBZ 23626 601 9 a a DT 23626 601 10 brown brown JJ 23626 601 11 - - HYPH 23626 601 12 red red JJ 23626 601 13 corundum corundum NN 23626 601 14 , , , 23626 601 15 which which WDT 23626 601 16 is be VBZ 23626 601 17 more more RBR 23626 601 18 stable stable JJ 23626 601 19 than than IN 23626 601 20 the the DT 23626 601 21 ordinary ordinary JJ 23626 601 22 hyacinth hyacinth NN 23626 601 23 , , , 23626 601 24 this this DT 23626 601 25 latter latter NN 23626 601 26 being be VBG 23626 601 27 a a DT 23626 601 28 form form NN 23626 601 29 of of IN 23626 601 30 zircon zircon NN 23626 601 31 ; ; : 23626 601 32 it -PRON- PRP 23626 601 33 changes change VBZ 23626 601 34 colour colour NN 23626 601 35 on on IN 23626 601 36 exposure exposure NN 23626 601 37 to to IN 23626 601 38 light light NN 23626 601 39 , , , 23626 601 40 which which WDT 23626 601 41 colour colour NN 23626 601 42 is be VBZ 23626 601 43 not not RB 23626 601 44 restored restore VBN 23626 601 45 by by IN 23626 601 46 subsequent subsequent JJ 23626 601 47 retention retention NN 23626 601 48 in in IN 23626 601 49 darkness darkness NN 23626 601 50 . . . 23626 602 1 The the DT 23626 602 2 blue blue JJ 23626 602 3 sapphire sapphire NN 23626 602 4 is be VBZ 23626 602 5 of of IN 23626 602 6 all all DT 23626 602 7 shades shade NNS 23626 602 8 of of IN 23626 602 9 blue blue JJ 23626 602 10 , , , 23626 602 11 from from IN 23626 602 12 cornflower cornflow JJR 23626 602 13 blue blue JJ 23626 602 14 to to IN 23626 602 15 the the DT 23626 602 16 very very RB 23626 602 17 palest palest JJ 23626 602 18 tints tint NNS 23626 602 19 of of IN 23626 602 20 this this DT 23626 602 21 colour colour NN 23626 602 22 , , , 23626 602 23 all all PDT 23626 602 24 the the DT 23626 602 25 gradations gradation NNS 23626 602 26 from from IN 23626 602 27 light light NN 23626 602 28 to to IN 23626 602 29 dark dark JJ 23626 602 30 purple purple JJ 23626 602 31 blues blue NNS 23626 602 32 , , , 23626 602 33 and and CC 23626 602 34 , , , 23626 602 35 in in IN 23626 602 36 fact fact NN 23626 602 37 , , , 23626 602 38 so so RB 23626 602 39 many many JJ 23626 602 40 shades shade NNS 23626 602 41 of of IN 23626 602 42 tone tone NN 23626 602 43 and and CC 23626 602 44 colour colour NN 23626 602 45 that that WDT 23626 602 46 they -PRON- PRP 23626 602 47 become become VBP 23626 602 48 almost almost RB 23626 602 49 as as RB 23626 602 50 numerous numerous JJ 23626 602 51 as as IN 23626 602 52 the the DT 23626 602 53 stones stone NNS 23626 602 54 . . . 23626 603 1 These these DT 23626 603 2 stones stone NNS 23626 603 3 are be VBP 23626 603 4 usually usually RB 23626 603 5 found find VBN 23626 603 6 in in IN 23626 603 7 similar similar JJ 23626 603 8 situations situation NNS 23626 603 9 to to IN 23626 603 10 those those DT 23626 603 11 which which WDT 23626 603 12 produce produce VBP 23626 603 13 the the DT 23626 603 14 ruby ruby NN 23626 603 15 , , , 23626 603 16 and and CC 23626 603 17 often often RB 23626 603 18 along along IN 23626 603 19 with with IN 23626 603 20 them -PRON- PRP 23626 603 21 . . . 23626 604 1 The the DT 23626 604 2 lighter light JJR 23626 604 3 colours colour NNS 23626 604 4 are be VBP 23626 604 5 usually usually RB 23626 604 6 called call VBN 23626 604 7 females female NNS 23626 604 8 , , , 23626 604 9 or or CC 23626 604 10 feminine feminine JJ 23626 604 11 stones stone NNS 23626 604 12 , , , 23626 604 13 whilst whilst IN 23626 604 14 the the DT 23626 604 15 darker dark JJR 23626 604 16 ones one NNS 23626 604 17 are be VBP 23626 604 18 called call VBN 23626 604 19 masculine masculine JJ 23626 604 20 stones stone NNS 23626 604 21 . . . 23626 605 1 Some some DT 23626 605 2 of of IN 23626 605 3 these these DT 23626 605 4 dark dark JJ 23626 605 5 ones one NNS 23626 605 6 are be VBP 23626 605 7 so so RB 23626 605 8 deep deep JJ 23626 605 9 as as IN 23626 605 10 to to TO 23626 605 11 be be VB 23626 605 12 almost almost RB 23626 605 13 black black JJ 23626 605 14 , , , 23626 605 15 when when WRB 23626 605 16 they -PRON- PRP 23626 605 17 are be VBP 23626 605 18 called call VBN 23626 605 19 " " `` 23626 605 20 ink ink NN 23626 605 21 " " '' 23626 605 22 sapphires sapphire NNS 23626 605 23 , , , 23626 605 24 and and CC 23626 605 25 if if IN 23626 605 26 inclining incline VBG 23626 605 27 to to IN 23626 605 28 blue blue NNP 23626 605 29 , , , 23626 605 30 " " `` 23626 605 31 indigo indigo RB 23626 605 32 " " '' 23626 605 33 sapphires sapphire NNS 23626 605 34 , , , 23626 605 35 in in IN 23626 605 36 contradistinction contradistinction NN 23626 605 37 to to TO 23626 605 38 which which WDT 23626 605 39 the the DT 23626 605 40 palest palest NN 23626 605 41 of of IN 23626 605 42 the the DT 23626 605 43 stones stone NNS 23626 605 44 are be VBP 23626 605 45 called call VBN 23626 605 46 " " `` 23626 605 47 water water NN 23626 605 48 " " '' 23626 605 49 sapphires sapphire NNS 23626 605 50 . . . 23626 606 1 The the DT 23626 606 2 colouring colouring JJ 23626 606 3 matter matter NN 23626 606 4 is be VBZ 23626 606 5 not not RB 23626 606 6 always always RB 23626 606 7 even even RB 23626 606 8 , , , 23626 606 9 but but CC 23626 606 10 is be VBZ 23626 606 11 often often RB 23626 606 12 spread spread VBN 23626 606 13 over over IN 23626 606 14 the the DT 23626 606 15 substance substance NN 23626 606 16 of of IN 23626 606 17 the the DT 23626 606 18 stone stone NN 23626 606 19 in in IN 23626 606 20 scabs scabs NNP 23626 606 21 or or CC 23626 606 22 " " `` 23626 606 23 splotches splotch NNS 23626 606 24 , , , 23626 606 25 " " '' 23626 606 26 which which WDT 23626 606 27 rather rather RB 23626 606 28 favours favour VBZ 23626 606 29 imitation imitation NN 23626 606 30 , , , 23626 606 31 and and CC 23626 606 32 , , , 23626 606 33 where where WRB 23626 606 34 this this DT 23626 606 35 unevenness unevenness NN 23626 606 36 occurs occur VBZ 23626 606 37 , , , 23626 606 38 it -PRON- PRP 23626 606 39 may may MD 23626 606 40 be be VB 23626 606 41 necessary necessary JJ 23626 606 42 to to TO 23626 606 43 cut cut VB 23626 606 44 or or CC 23626 606 45 divide divide VB 23626 606 46 the the DT 23626 606 47 stone stone NN 23626 606 48 , , , 23626 606 49 or or CC 23626 606 50 so so RB 23626 606 51 to to TO 23626 606 52 arrange arrange VB 23626 606 53 the the DT 23626 606 54 form form NN 23626 606 55 of of IN 23626 606 56 it -PRON- PRP 23626 606 57 that that WDT 23626 606 58 the the DT 23626 606 59 finished finished JJ 23626 606 60 stone stone NN 23626 606 61 shall shall MD 23626 606 62 be be VB 23626 606 63 equally equally RB 23626 606 64 blue blue JJ 23626 606 65 throughout throughout RB 23626 606 66 . . . 23626 607 1 In in IN 23626 607 2 some some DT 23626 607 3 cases case NNS 23626 607 4 , , , 23626 607 5 however however RB 23626 607 6 , , , 23626 607 7 the the DT 23626 607 8 sapphire sapphire NN 23626 607 9 may may MD 23626 607 10 owe owe VB 23626 607 11 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 607 12 beauty beauty NN 23626 607 13 to to IN 23626 607 14 the the DT 23626 607 15 presence presence NN 23626 607 16 of of IN 23626 607 17 two two CD 23626 607 18 , , , 23626 607 19 three three CD 23626 607 20 or or CC 23626 607 21 more more JJR 23626 607 22 colours colour NNS 23626 607 23 in in IN 23626 607 24 separate separate JJ 23626 607 25 strata strata NN 23626 607 26 appearing appear VBG 23626 607 27 in in IN 23626 607 28 one one CD 23626 607 29 stone stone NN 23626 607 30 ; ; : 23626 607 31 such such JJ 23626 607 32 as as IN 23626 607 33 a a DT 23626 607 34 portion portion NN 23626 607 35 being be VBG 23626 607 36 a a DT 23626 607 37 green green JJ 23626 607 38 - - HYPH 23626 607 39 blue blue JJ 23626 607 40 , , , 23626 607 41 another another DT 23626 607 42 a a DT 23626 607 43 cornflower cornflow JJR 23626 607 44 blue blue NN 23626 607 45 , , , 23626 607 46 another another DT 23626 607 47 perfectly perfectly RB 23626 607 48 colourless colourless JJ 23626 607 49 , , , 23626 607 50 another another DT 23626 607 51 a a DT 23626 607 52 pale pale JJ 23626 607 53 sky sky NN 23626 607 54 blue blue NN 23626 607 55 , , , 23626 607 56 another another DT 23626 607 57 yellow yellow NN 23626 607 58 , , , 23626 607 59 each each DT 23626 607 60 perfectly perfectly RB 23626 607 61 distinct distinct JJ 23626 607 62 , , , 23626 607 63 the the DT 23626 607 64 stone stone NN 23626 607 65 being be VBG 23626 607 66 cut cut VBN 23626 607 67 so so IN 23626 607 68 as as IN 23626 607 69 to to TO 23626 607 70 show show VB 23626 607 71 each each DT 23626 607 72 colour colour NN 23626 607 73 in in IN 23626 607 74 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 607 75 full full JJ 23626 607 76 perfection perfection NN 23626 607 77 . . . 23626 608 1 This this DT 23626 608 2 stone stone NN 23626 608 3 , , , 23626 608 4 the the DT 23626 608 5 sapphire sapphire NN 23626 608 6 , , , 23626 608 7 is be VBZ 23626 608 8 hardness hardness JJ 23626 608 9 No no UH 23626 608 10 . . . 23626 609 1 9 9 LS 23626 609 2 ( ( -LRB- 23626 609 3 see see VB 23626 609 4 " " `` 23626 609 5 Hardness Hardness NNP 23626 609 6 " " '' 23626 609 7 table table NN 23626 609 8 ) ) -RRB- 23626 609 9 , , , 23626 609 10 and and CC 23626 609 11 therefore therefore RB 23626 609 12 ranks rank VBZ 23626 609 13 next next RB 23626 609 14 to to IN 23626 609 15 the the DT 23626 609 16 diamond diamond NN 23626 609 17 , , , 23626 609 18 which which WDT 23626 609 19 makes make VBZ 23626 609 20 it -PRON- PRP 23626 609 21 a a DT 23626 609 22 matter matter NN 23626 609 23 of of IN 23626 609 24 great great JJ 23626 609 25 difficulty difficulty NN 23626 609 26 to to TO 23626 609 27 obtain obtain VB 23626 609 28 an an DT 23626 609 29 imitation imitation NN 23626 609 30 which which WDT 23626 609 31 is be VBZ 23626 609 32 of of IN 23626 609 33 the the DT 23626 609 34 same same JJ 23626 609 35 specific specific JJ 23626 609 36 gravity gravity NN 23626 609 37 and and CC 23626 609 38 of of IN 23626 609 39 the the DT 23626 609 40 same same JJ 23626 609 41 degree degree NN 23626 609 42 of of IN 23626 609 43 hardness hardness NN 23626 609 44 , , , 23626 609 45 though though IN 23626 609 46 this this DT 23626 609 47 has have VBZ 23626 609 48 been be VBN 23626 609 49 done do VBN 23626 609 50 . . . 23626 610 1 Such such JJ 23626 610 2 stones stone NNS 23626 610 3 are be VBP 23626 610 4 purchasable purchasable JJ 23626 610 5 , , , 23626 610 6 but but CC 23626 610 7 though though IN 23626 610 8 sold sell VBN 23626 610 9 as as IN 23626 610 10 imitations imitation NNS 23626 610 11 at at IN 23626 610 12 comparatively comparatively RB 23626 610 13 low low JJ 23626 610 14 price price NN 23626 610 15 , , , 23626 610 16 and and CC 23626 610 17 the the DT 23626 610 18 buyer buyer NN 23626 610 19 may may MD 23626 610 20 consider consider VB 23626 610 21 them -PRON- PRP 23626 610 22 just just RB 23626 610 23 as as RB 23626 610 24 good good JJ 23626 610 25 as as IN 23626 610 26 the the DT 23626 610 27 real real JJ 23626 610 28 gem gem NN 23626 610 29 , , , 23626 610 30 to to IN 23626 610 31 the the DT 23626 610 32 experienced experienced JJ 23626 610 33 eye eye NN 23626 610 34 they -PRON- PRP 23626 610 35 are be VBP 23626 610 36 readily readily RB 23626 610 37 detectable detectable JJ 23626 610 38 . . . 23626 611 1 By by IN 23626 611 2 heating heat VBG 23626 611 3 a a DT 23626 611 4 sapphire sapphire NN 23626 611 5 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 611 6 blue blue JJ 23626 611 7 colour colour NN 23626 611 8 slowly slowly RB 23626 611 9 fades fade NNS 23626 611 10 , , , 23626 611 11 to to TO 23626 611 12 complete complete VB 23626 611 13 transparency transparency NN 23626 611 14 in in IN 23626 611 15 many many JJ 23626 611 16 cases case NNS 23626 611 17 , , , 23626 611 18 or or CC 23626 611 19 at at IN 23626 611 20 any any DT 23626 611 21 rate rate NN 23626 611 22 to to TO 23626 611 23 so so RB 23626 611 24 pale pale VB 23626 611 25 a a DT 23626 611 26 tint tint NN 23626 611 27 as as IN 23626 611 28 to to TO 23626 611 29 pass pass VB 23626 611 30 for for IN 23626 611 31 a a DT 23626 611 32 transparent transparent JJ 23626 611 33 stone stone NN 23626 611 34 . . . 23626 612 1 Valuable valuable JJ 23626 612 2 as as IN 23626 612 3 is be VBZ 23626 612 4 the the DT 23626 612 5 sapphire sapphire NN 23626 612 6 , , , 23626 612 7 the the DT 23626 612 8 diamond diamond NN 23626 612 9 is be VBZ 23626 612 10 more more RBR 23626 612 11 so so RB 23626 612 12 , , , 23626 612 13 and and CC 23626 612 14 it -PRON- PRP 23626 612 15 follows follow VBZ 23626 612 16 that that IN 23626 612 17 if if IN 23626 612 18 one one CD 23626 612 19 of of IN 23626 612 20 these these DT 23626 612 21 clear clear JJ 23626 612 22 or or CC 23626 612 23 " " `` 23626 612 24 cleared clear VBN 23626 612 25 " " '' 23626 612 26 sapphires sapphire NNS 23626 612 27 is be VBZ 23626 612 28 cut cut VBN 23626 612 29 in in IN 23626 612 30 the the DT 23626 612 31 " " `` 23626 612 32 rose rose NN 23626 612 33 " " '' 23626 612 34 or or CC 23626 612 35 " " `` 23626 612 36 brilliant brilliant JJ 23626 612 37 " " '' 23626 612 38 form form NN 23626 612 39 -- -- : 23626 612 40 which which WDT 23626 612 41 forms form NNS 23626 612 42 are be VBP 23626 612 43 reserved reserve VBN 23626 612 44 almost almost RB 23626 612 45 exclusively exclusively RB 23626 612 46 for for IN 23626 612 47 the the DT 23626 612 48 diamond diamond NN 23626 612 49 -- -- : 23626 612 50 such such PDT 23626 612 51 a a DT 23626 612 52 stone stone NN 23626 612 53 would would MD 23626 612 54 pass pass VB 23626 612 55 very very RB 23626 612 56 well well RB 23626 612 57 as as IN 23626 612 58 a a DT 23626 612 59 diamond diamond NN 23626 612 60 , , , 23626 612 61 and and CC 23626 612 62 many many JJ 23626 612 63 so so RB 23626 612 64 cut cut JJ 23626 612 65 are be VBP 23626 612 66 sold sell VBN 23626 612 67 by by IN 23626 612 68 unscrupulous unscrupulous JJ 23626 612 69 people people NNS 23626 612 70 as as IN 23626 612 71 the the DT 23626 612 72 more more RBR 23626 612 73 valuable valuable JJ 23626 612 74 stone stone NN 23626 612 75 , , , 23626 612 76 which which WDT 23626 612 77 fraud fraud VBP 23626 612 78 an an DT 23626 612 79 expert expert NN 23626 612 80 would would MD 23626 612 81 , , , 23626 612 82 of of IN 23626 612 83 course course NN 23626 612 84 , , , 23626 612 85 detect detect JJ 23626 612 86 . . . 23626 613 1 Sapphires sapphire NNS 23626 613 2 are be VBP 23626 613 3 mentioned mention VBN 23626 613 4 by by IN 23626 613 5 Pliny Pliny NNP 23626 613 6 , , , 23626 613 7 and and CC 23626 613 8 figure figure VB 23626 613 9 largely largely RB 23626 613 10 in in IN 23626 613 11 the the DT 23626 613 12 ancient ancient JJ 23626 613 13 history history NN 23626 613 14 of of IN 23626 613 15 China China NNP 23626 613 16 , , , 23626 613 17 Egypt Egypt NNP 23626 613 18 , , , 23626 613 19 Rome Rome NNP 23626 613 20 , , , 23626 613 21 etc etc FW 23626 613 22 . . . 23626 614 1 The the DT 23626 614 2 Greeks Greeks NNPS 23626 614 3 dedicated dedicate VBD 23626 614 4 the the DT 23626 614 5 sapphire sapphire NN 23626 614 6 specially specially RB 23626 614 7 to to IN 23626 614 8 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 23626 614 9 , , , 23626 614 10 and and CC 23626 614 11 many many JJ 23626 614 12 of of IN 23626 614 13 the the DT 23626 614 14 stones stone NNS 23626 614 15 were be VBD 23626 614 16 cut cut VBN 23626 614 17 to to TO 23626 614 18 represent represent VB 23626 614 19 the the DT 23626 614 20 god god NNP 23626 614 21 ; ; : 23626 614 22 it -PRON- PRP 23626 614 23 also also RB 23626 614 24 figured figure VBD 23626 614 25 as as IN 23626 614 26 one one CD 23626 614 27 of of IN 23626 614 28 the the DT 23626 614 29 chief chief JJ 23626 614 30 stones stone NNS 23626 614 31 worn wear VBN 23626 614 32 by by IN 23626 614 33 the the DT 23626 614 34 Jewish jewish JJ 23626 614 35 High High NNP 23626 614 36 Priest Priest NNP 23626 614 37 on on IN 23626 614 38 the the DT 23626 614 39 breast breast NN 23626 614 40 - - HYPH 23626 614 41 plate plate NN 23626 614 42 . . . 23626 615 1 Some some DT 23626 615 2 stones stone NNS 23626 615 3 have have VBP 23626 615 4 curious curious JJ 23626 615 5 rays ray NNS 23626 615 6 of of IN 23626 615 7 variegated variegate VBN 23626 615 8 colour colour NN 23626 615 9 , , , 23626 615 10 due due IN 23626 615 11 to to IN 23626 615 12 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 615 13 crystalline crystalline NN 23626 615 14 formation formation NN 23626 615 15 , , , 23626 615 16 taking take VBG 23626 615 17 the the DT 23626 615 18 shape shape NN 23626 615 19 of of IN 23626 615 20 a a DT 23626 615 21 star star NN 23626 615 22 ; ; : 23626 615 23 these these DT 23626 615 24 are be VBP 23626 615 25 called call VBN 23626 615 26 " " `` 23626 615 27 asteriated asteriate VBN 23626 615 28 , , , 23626 615 29 " " '' 23626 615 30 or or CC 23626 615 31 " " `` 23626 615 32 cat cat NNP 23626 615 33 's 's POS 23626 615 34 eye eye NN 23626 615 35 " " '' 23626 615 36 sapphires sapphire NNS 23626 615 37 . . . 23626 616 1 Others other NNS 23626 616 2 have have VBP 23626 616 3 curious curious JJ 23626 616 4 flashes flash NNS 23626 616 5 of of IN 23626 616 6 light light NN 23626 616 7 , , , 23626 616 8 technically technically RB 23626 616 9 called call VBD 23626 616 10 a a DT 23626 616 11 " " `` 23626 616 12 play play NN 23626 616 13 " " '' 23626 616 14 of of IN 23626 616 15 light light NN 23626 616 16 ( ( -LRB- 23626 616 17 as as IN 23626 616 18 described describe VBN 23626 616 19 in in IN 23626 616 20 Chapter Chapter NNP 23626 616 21 VI VI NNP 23626 616 22 . . . 23626 617 1 on on IN 23626 617 2 " " `` 23626 617 3 Colour Colour NNP 23626 617 4 " " '' 23626 617 5 ) ) -RRB- 23626 617 6 , , , 23626 617 7 together together RB 23626 617 8 with with IN 23626 617 9 a a DT 23626 617 10 curious curious JJ 23626 617 11 blue blue JJ 23626 617 12 opalescence opalescence NN 23626 617 13 ; ; : 23626 617 14 these these DT 23626 617 15 are be VBP 23626 617 16 the the DT 23626 617 17 " " `` 23626 617 18 girasol girasol NNP 23626 617 19 . . . 23626 617 20 " " '' 23626 618 1 Another another DT 23626 618 2 interesting interesting JJ 23626 618 3 variety variety NN 23626 618 4 of of IN 23626 618 5 this this DT 23626 618 6 blue blue JJ 23626 618 7 sapphire sapphire NN 23626 618 8 is be VBZ 23626 618 9 one one CD 23626 618 10 known know VBN 23626 618 11 as as IN 23626 618 12 " " `` 23626 618 13 chatoyant chatoyant JJ 23626 618 14 " " '' 23626 618 15 ; ; : 23626 618 16 this this DT 23626 618 17 has have VBZ 23626 618 18 a a DT 23626 618 19 rapidly rapidly RB 23626 618 20 changing change VBG 23626 618 21 lustre lustre NNP 23626 618 22 , , , 23626 618 23 which which WDT 23626 618 24 seems seem VBZ 23626 618 25 to to TO 23626 618 26 undulate undulate VB 23626 618 27 between between IN 23626 618 28 a a DT 23626 618 29 green green JJ 23626 618 30 - - HYPH 23626 618 31 yellow yellow NN 23626 618 32 and and CC 23626 618 33 a a DT 23626 618 34 luminous luminous JJ 23626 618 35 blue blue NN 23626 618 36 , , , 23626 618 37 with with IN 23626 618 38 a a DT 23626 618 39 phosphorescent phosphorescent JJ 23626 618 40 glow glow NN 23626 618 41 , , , 23626 618 42 or or CC 23626 618 43 fire fire NN 23626 618 44 , , , 23626 618 45 something something NN 23626 618 46 like like IN 23626 618 47 that that DT 23626 618 48 seen see VBN 23626 618 49 in in IN 23626 618 50 the the DT 23626 618 51 eyes eye NNS 23626 618 52 of of IN 23626 618 53 a a DT 23626 618 54 cat cat NN 23626 618 55 in in IN 23626 618 56 the the DT 23626 618 57 dark dark NN 23626 618 58 , , , 23626 618 59 or or CC 23626 618 60 the the DT 23626 618 61 steady steady JJ 23626 618 62 , , , 23626 618 63 burning burn VBG 23626 618 64 glow glow NN 23626 618 65 observed observe VBD 23626 618 66 when when WRB 23626 618 67 the the DT 23626 618 68 cat cat NN 23626 618 69 is be VBZ 23626 618 70 fascinating fascinate VBG 23626 618 71 a a DT 23626 618 72 bird bird NN 23626 618 73 -- -- : 23626 618 74 hence hence RB 23626 618 75 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 618 76 name name NN 23626 618 77 . . . 23626 619 1 This this DT 23626 619 2 is be VBZ 23626 619 3 not not RB 23626 619 4 the the DT 23626 619 5 same same JJ 23626 619 6 variety variety NN 23626 619 7 as as IN 23626 619 8 the the DT 23626 619 9 " " `` 23626 619 10 asteriated asteriated JJ 23626 619 11 , , , 23626 619 12 " " '' 23626 619 13 or or CC 23626 619 14 " " `` 23626 619 15 cat cat NNP 23626 619 16 's 's POS 23626 619 17 eye eye NN 23626 619 18 " " '' 23626 619 19 or or CC 23626 619 20 " " `` 23626 619 21 lynx lynx NN 23626 619 22 eye eye NN 23626 619 23 " " '' 23626 619 24 mentioned mention VBN 23626 619 25 above above RB 23626 619 26 . . . 23626 620 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 23626 620 2 XIV XIV NNP 23626 620 3 . . . 23626 621 1 VARIOUS VARIOUS NNP 23626 621 2 PRECIOUS PRECIOUS NNP 23626 621 3 STONES--_continued STONES--_continued NNP 23626 621 4 . . . 23626 621 5 _ _ NNP 23626 621 6 _ _ NNP 23626 621 7 The the DT 23626 621 8 Chrysoberyl Chrysoberyl NNP 23626 621 9 . . . 23626 621 10 _ _ NNP 23626 621 11 There there EX 23626 621 12 are be VBP 23626 621 13 certain certain JJ 23626 621 14 stones stone NNS 23626 621 15 and and CC 23626 621 16 other other JJ 23626 621 17 minerals mineral NNS 23626 621 18 which which WDT 23626 621 19 , , , 23626 621 20 owing owe VBG 23626 621 21 to to IN 23626 621 22 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 621 23 possession possession NN 23626 621 24 of of IN 23626 621 25 numerous numerous JJ 23626 621 26 microscopically microscopically RB 23626 621 27 fine fine JJ 23626 621 28 cavities cavity NNS 23626 621 29 , , , 23626 621 30 of of IN 23626 621 31 a a DT 23626 621 32 globular globular JJ 23626 621 33 or or CC 23626 621 34 tubular tubular JJ 23626 621 35 shape shape NN 23626 621 36 , , , 23626 621 37 have have VBP 23626 621 38 the the DT 23626 621 39 appearance appearance NN 23626 621 40 of of IN 23626 621 41 " " `` 23626 621 42 rays ray NNS 23626 621 43 " " '' 23626 621 44 or or CC 23626 621 45 " " `` 23626 621 46 stars star NNS 23626 621 47 , , , 23626 621 48 " " '' 23626 621 49 and and CC 23626 621 50 these these DT 23626 621 51 are be VBP 23626 621 52 called call VBN 23626 621 53 " " `` 23626 621 54 asteriated asteriate VBN 23626 621 55 . . . 23626 621 56 " " '' 23626 622 1 Several several JJ 23626 622 2 of of IN 23626 622 3 such such JJ 23626 622 4 stones stone NNS 23626 622 5 have have VBP 23626 622 6 been be VBN 23626 622 7 discussed discuss VBN 23626 622 8 already already RB 23626 622 9 in in IN 23626 622 10 the the DT 23626 622 11 last last JJ 23626 622 12 chapter chapter NN 23626 622 13 , , , 23626 622 14 and and CC 23626 622 15 in in IN 23626 622 16 addition addition NN 23626 622 17 to to IN 23626 622 18 these these DT 23626 622 19 star star NN 23626 622 20 - - HYPH 23626 622 21 like like JJ 23626 622 22 rays ray NNS 23626 622 23 , , , 23626 622 24 some some DT 23626 622 25 of of IN 23626 622 26 the the DT 23626 622 27 stones stone NNS 23626 622 28 have have VBP 23626 622 29 , , , 23626 622 30 running run VBG 23626 622 31 through through IN 23626 622 32 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 622 33 substance substance NN 23626 622 34 , , , 23626 622 35 one one CD 23626 622 36 or or CC 23626 622 37 more more JJR 23626 622 38 streaks streak NNS 23626 622 39 , , , 23626 622 40 perhaps perhaps RB 23626 622 41 of of IN 23626 622 42 asbestos asbestos NN 23626 622 43 or or CC 23626 622 44 calcite calcite NN 23626 622 45 , , , 23626 622 46 some some DT 23626 622 47 being be VBG 23626 622 48 perfectly perfectly RB 23626 622 49 clear clear JJ 23626 622 50 , , , 23626 622 51 whilst whilst IN 23626 622 52 others other NNS 23626 622 53 are be VBP 23626 622 54 opalescent opalescent JJ 23626 622 55 . . . 23626 623 1 When when WRB 23626 623 2 these these DT 23626 623 3 streaks streak NNS 23626 623 4 pass pass VB 23626 623 5 across across IN 23626 623 6 the the DT 23626 623 7 star star NN 23626 623 8 - - HYPH 23626 623 9 like like JJ 23626 623 10 radiations radiation NNS 23626 623 11 they -PRON- PRP 23626 623 12 give give VBP 23626 623 13 the the DT 23626 623 14 stone stone NN 23626 623 15 the the DT 23626 623 16 appearance appearance NN 23626 623 17 of of IN 23626 623 18 an an DT 23626 623 19 eye eye NN 23626 623 20 , , , 23626 623 21 the the DT 23626 623 22 rays ray NNS 23626 623 23 forming form VBG 23626 623 24 the the DT 23626 623 25 iris iris NNP 23626 623 26 , , , 23626 623 27 the the DT 23626 623 28 clear clear JJ 23626 623 29 , , , 23626 623 30 opalescent opalescent JJ 23626 623 31 , , , 23626 623 32 or or CC 23626 623 33 black black JJ 23626 623 34 streak streak NN 23626 623 35 closely closely RB 23626 623 36 resembling resemble VBG 23626 623 37 the the DT 23626 623 38 slit slit NN 23626 623 39 in in IN 23626 623 40 a a DT 23626 623 41 cat cat NN 23626 623 42 's 's POS 23626 623 43 eye eye NN 23626 623 44 , , , 23626 623 45 and and CC 23626 623 46 when when WRB 23626 623 47 these these DT 23626 623 48 stones stone NNS 23626 623 49 are be VBP 23626 623 50 cut cut VBN 23626 623 51 _ _ NNP 23626 623 52 en en IN 23626 623 53 cabochon cabochon NNP 23626 623 54 _ _ NNP 23626 623 55 , , , 23626 623 56 that that RB 23626 623 57 is is RB 23626 623 58 , , , 23626 623 59 dome dome NN 23626 623 60 - - HYPH 23626 623 61 shaped shaped JJ 23626 623 62 ( ( -LRB- 23626 623 63 see see VB 23626 623 64 Chapter chapter NN 23626 623 65 XI XI NNP 23626 623 66 . . . 23626 624 1 on on IN 23626 624 2 " " `` 23626 624 3 Cutting Cutting NNP 23626 624 4 " " '' 23626 624 5 ) ) -RRB- 23626 624 6 , , , 23626 624 7 there there EX 23626 624 8 is be VBZ 23626 624 9 nothing nothing NN 23626 624 10 to to TO 23626 624 11 deflect deflect VB 23626 624 12 the the DT 23626 624 13 light light JJ 23626 624 14 beams beam NNS 23626 624 15 back back RB 23626 624 16 and and CC 23626 624 17 forth forth RB 23626 624 18 from from IN 23626 624 19 facet facet NNP 23626 624 20 to to IN 23626 624 21 facet facet NNP 23626 624 22 , , , 23626 624 23 as as IN 23626 624 24 in in IN 23626 624 25 a a DT 23626 624 26 diamond diamond NN 23626 624 27 , , , 23626 624 28 so so IN 23626 624 29 that that IN 23626 624 30 the the DT 23626 624 31 light light NN 23626 624 32 , , , 23626 624 33 acting act VBG 23626 624 34 directly directly RB 23626 624 35 on on IN 23626 624 36 these these DT 23626 624 37 radiations radiation NNS 23626 624 38 or or CC 23626 624 39 masses masse NNS 23626 624 40 of of IN 23626 624 41 globular globular JJ 23626 624 42 cavities cavity NNS 23626 624 43 and and CC 23626 624 44 on on IN 23626 624 45 the the DT 23626 624 46 streak streak NN 23626 624 47 , , , 23626 624 48 causes cause VBZ 23626 624 49 the the DT 23626 624 50 former former JJ 23626 624 51 to to TO 23626 624 52 glow glow VB 23626 624 53 like like IN 23626 624 54 living live VBG 23626 624 55 fire fire NN 23626 624 56 , , , 23626 624 57 and and CC 23626 624 58 the the DT 23626 624 59 streak streak NN 23626 624 60 appears appear VBZ 23626 624 61 to to TO 23626 624 62 vibrate vibrate VB 23626 624 63 , , , 23626 624 64 palpitate palpitate VB 23626 624 65 , , , 23626 624 66 expand expand VB 23626 624 67 , , , 23626 624 68 and and CC 23626 624 69 contract contract NN 23626 624 70 , , , 23626 624 71 exactly exactly RB 23626 624 72 like like IN 23626 624 73 the the DT 23626 624 74 slit slit NN 23626 624 75 in in IN 23626 624 76 the the DT 23626 624 77 eye eye NN 23626 624 78 of of IN 23626 624 79 a a DT 23626 624 80 cat cat NN 23626 624 81 . . . 23626 625 1 There there EX 23626 625 2 are be VBP 23626 625 3 a a DT 23626 625 4 considerable considerable JJ 23626 625 5 number number NN 23626 625 6 of of IN 23626 625 7 superstitions superstition NNS 23626 625 8 in in IN 23626 625 9 connection connection NN 23626 625 10 with with IN 23626 625 11 these these DT 23626 625 12 cat's cat's JJ 23626 625 13 - - HYPH 23626 625 14 eye eye NN 23626 625 15 stones stone NNS 23626 625 16 , , , 23626 625 17 many many JJ 23626 625 18 people people NNS 23626 625 19 regarding regard VBG 23626 625 20 them -PRON- PRP 23626 625 21 as as IN 23626 625 22 mascots mascot NNS 23626 625 23 , , , 23626 625 24 or or CC 23626 625 25 with with IN 23626 625 26 disfavour disfavour NN 23626 625 27 , , , 23626 625 28 according accord VBG 23626 625 29 to to IN 23626 625 30 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 625 31 colour colour NN 23626 625 32 . . . 23626 626 1 When when WRB 23626 626 2 possessing possess VBG 23626 626 3 the the DT 23626 626 4 favourite favourite JJ 23626 626 5 hue hue NN 23626 626 6 or or CC 23626 626 7 " " `` 23626 626 8 fire fire NN 23626 626 9 " " '' 23626 626 10 of of IN 23626 626 11 the the DT 23626 626 12 wearer wearer NN 23626 626 13 , , , 23626 626 14 such such JJ 23626 626 15 as as IN 23626 626 16 the the DT 23626 626 17 fire fire NN 23626 626 18 of of IN 23626 626 19 the the DT 23626 626 20 opal opal NN 23626 626 21 for for IN 23626 626 22 those those DT 23626 626 23 born bear VBN 23626 626 24 in in IN 23626 626 25 October October NNP 23626 626 26 , , , 23626 626 27 of of IN 23626 626 28 the the DT 23626 626 29 ruby ruby NN 23626 626 30 for for IN 23626 626 31 those those DT 23626 626 32 born bear VBN 23626 626 33 in in IN 23626 626 34 July July NNP 23626 626 35 , , , 23626 626 36 etc etc FW 23626 626 37 . . FW 23626 626 38 , , , 23626 626 39 these these DT 23626 626 40 stones stone NNS 23626 626 41 are be VBP 23626 626 42 considered consider VBN 23626 626 43 to to TO 23626 626 44 bring bring VB 23626 626 45 nothing nothing NN 23626 626 46 but but IN 23626 626 47 good good JJ 23626 626 48 luck luck NN 23626 626 49 ; ; : 23626 626 50 to to IN 23626 626 51 ward ward NNP 23626 626 52 off off RP 23626 626 53 accident accident NN 23626 626 54 , , , 23626 626 55 danger danger NN 23626 626 56 , , , 23626 626 57 and and CC 23626 626 58 sudden sudden JJ 23626 626 59 death death NN 23626 626 60 ; ; : 23626 626 61 to to TO 23626 626 62 be be VB 23626 626 63 a a DT 23626 626 64 charm charm NN 23626 626 65 against against IN 23626 626 66 being be VBG 23626 626 67 bitten bite VBN 23626 626 68 by by IN 23626 626 69 animals animal NNS 23626 626 70 , , , 23626 626 71 and and CC 23626 626 72 to to TO 23626 626 73 be be VB 23626 626 74 a a DT 23626 626 75 protection protection NN 23626 626 76 from from IN 23626 626 77 poison poison NN 23626 626 78 , , , 23626 626 79 the the DT 23626 626 80 " " `` 23626 626 81 evil evil JJ 23626 626 82 eye eye NN 23626 626 83 , , , 23626 626 84 " " '' 23626 626 85 etc etc FW 23626 626 86 . . . 23626 627 1 They -PRON- PRP 23626 627 2 figured figure VBD 23626 627 3 largely largely RB 23626 627 4 , , , 23626 627 5 along along IN 23626 627 6 with with IN 23626 627 7 other other JJ 23626 627 8 valuable valuable JJ 23626 627 9 jewels jewel NNS 23626 627 10 , , , 23626 627 11 in in IN 23626 627 12 the the DT 23626 627 13 worship worship NN 23626 627 14 of of IN 23626 627 15 the the DT 23626 627 16 ancient ancient JJ 23626 627 17 Egyptians Egyptians NNPS 23626 627 18 , , , 23626 627 19 and and CC 23626 627 20 have have VBP 23626 627 21 been be VBN 23626 627 22 found find VBN 23626 627 23 in in IN 23626 627 24 some some DT 23626 627 25 of of IN 23626 627 26 the the DT 23626 627 27 tombs tomb NNS 23626 627 28 in in IN 23626 627 29 Egypt Egypt NNP 23626 627 30 . . . 23626 628 1 They -PRON- PRP 23626 628 2 also also RB 23626 628 3 appeared appear VBD 23626 628 4 on on IN 23626 628 5 the the DT 23626 628 6 " " `` 23626 628 7 systrum systrum NN 23626 628 8 , , , 23626 628 9 " " '' 23626 628 10 which which WDT 23626 628 11 was be VBD 23626 628 12 a a DT 23626 628 13 sacred sacred JJ 23626 628 14 instrument instrument NN 23626 628 15 used use VBN 23626 628 16 by by IN 23626 628 17 the the DT 23626 628 18 ancient ancient JJ 23626 628 19 Egyptians Egyptians NNPS 23626 628 20 in in IN 23626 628 21 the the DT 23626 628 22 performance performance NN 23626 628 23 of of IN 23626 628 24 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 628 25 religious religious JJ 23626 628 26 rites rite NNS 23626 628 27 , , , 23626 628 28 particularly particularly RB 23626 628 29 in in IN 23626 628 30 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 628 31 sacrifices sacrifice NNS 23626 628 32 to to IN 23626 628 33 the the DT 23626 628 34 goddess goddess NN 23626 628 35 Isis Isis NNP 23626 628 36 . . . 23626 629 1 This this DT 23626 629 2 , , , 23626 629 3 therefore therefore RB 23626 629 4 , , , 23626 629 5 may may MD 23626 629 6 be be VB 23626 629 7 considered consider VBN 23626 629 8 one one CD 23626 629 9 of of IN 23626 629 10 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 629 11 sacred sacred JJ 23626 629 12 stones stone NNS 23626 629 13 , , , 23626 629 14 whilst whilst IN 23626 629 15 there there EX 23626 629 16 is be VBZ 23626 629 17 some some DT 23626 629 18 analogy analogy NN 23626 629 19 between between IN 23626 629 20 the the DT 23626 629 21 cat's cat's NN 23626 629 22 - - HYPH 23626 629 23 eye eye NN 23626 629 24 stones stone NNS 23626 629 25 and and CC 23626 629 26 the the DT 23626 629 27 sacred sacred JJ 23626 629 28 cat cat NN 23626 629 29 of of IN 23626 629 30 the the DT 23626 629 31 Egyptians Egyptians NNPS 23626 629 32 which which WDT 23626 629 33 recurs recur VBZ 23626 629 34 so so RB 23626 629 35 often often RB 23626 629 36 in in IN 23626 629 37 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 629 38 hieroglyphics hieroglyphic NNS 23626 629 39 ; ; : 23626 629 40 it -PRON- PRP 23626 629 41 is be VBZ 23626 629 42 well well RB 23626 629 43 known know VBN 23626 629 44 that that IN 23626 629 45 our -PRON- PRP$ 23626 629 46 domestic domestic JJ 23626 629 47 cat cat NN 23626 629 48 is be VBZ 23626 629 49 not not RB 23626 629 50 descended descend VBN 23626 629 51 from from IN 23626 629 52 the the DT 23626 629 53 wild wild JJ 23626 629 54 cat cat NN 23626 629 55 , , , 23626 629 56 but but CC 23626 629 57 from from IN 23626 629 58 the the DT 23626 629 59 celebrated celebrated JJ 23626 629 60 cat cat NN 23626 629 61 of of IN 23626 629 62 Egypt Egypt NNP 23626 629 63 , , , 23626 629 64 where where WRB 23626 629 65 history history NN 23626 629 66 records record VBZ 23626 629 67 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 629 68 being be VBG 23626 629 69 " " `` 23626 629 70 domesticated domesticate VBN 23626 629 71 " " '' 23626 629 72 at at IN 23626 629 73 least least JJS 23626 629 74 thirteen thirteen CD 23626 629 75 centuries century NNS 23626 629 76 B.C. B.C. NNP 23626 630 1 From from IN 23626 630 2 there there RB 23626 630 3 it -PRON- PRP 23626 630 4 was be VBD 23626 630 5 taken take VBN 23626 630 6 throughout throughout IN 23626 630 7 Europe Europe NNP 23626 630 8 , , , 23626 630 9 where where WRB 23626 630 10 it -PRON- PRP 23626 630 11 appeared appear VBD 23626 630 12 at at IN 23626 630 13 least least JJS 23626 630 14 a a DT 23626 630 15 century century NN 23626 630 16 B.C. B.C. NNP 23626 630 17 , , , 23626 630 18 and and CC 23626 630 19 was be VBD 23626 630 20 kept keep VBN 23626 630 21 as as IN 23626 630 22 a a DT 23626 630 23 pet pet NN 23626 630 24 in in IN 23626 630 25 the the DT 23626 630 26 homes home NNS 23626 630 27 of of IN 23626 630 28 the the DT 23626 630 29 wealthy wealthy JJ 23626 630 30 , , , 23626 630 31 though though IN 23626 630 32 certain certain JJ 23626 630 33 writers writer NNS 23626 630 34 , , , 23626 630 35 speaking speak VBG 23626 630 36 of of IN 23626 630 37 the the DT 23626 630 38 " " `` 23626 630 39 mouse mouse NN 23626 630 40 - - HYPH 23626 630 41 hunters hunter NNS 23626 630 42 " " '' 23626 630 43 of of IN 23626 630 44 the the DT 23626 630 45 old old JJ 23626 630 46 Romans Romans NNPS 23626 630 47 and and CC 23626 630 48 Greeks Greeks NNPS 23626 630 49 , , , 23626 630 50 state state NN 23626 630 51 that that IN 23626 630 52 these these DT 23626 630 53 creatures creature NNS 23626 630 54 were be VBD 23626 630 55 not not RB 23626 630 56 the the DT 23626 630 57 Egyptian egyptian JJ 23626 630 58 cat cat NN 23626 630 59 , , , 23626 630 60 but but CC 23626 630 61 a a DT 23626 630 62 carniverous carniverous JJ 23626 630 63 , , , 23626 630 64 long long RB 23626 630 65 - - HYPH 23626 630 66 bodied bodied JJ 23626 630 67 animal animal NN 23626 630 68 , , , 23626 630 69 after after IN 23626 630 70 the the DT 23626 630 71 shape shape NN 23626 630 72 of of IN 23626 630 73 a a DT 23626 630 74 weasel weasel NN 23626 630 75 , , , 23626 630 76 called call VBN 23626 630 77 " " `` 23626 630 78 marten marten NN 23626 630 79 , , , 23626 630 80 " " '' 23626 630 81 of of IN 23626 630 82 the the DT 23626 630 83 species specie NNS 23626 630 84 the the DT 23626 630 85 " " `` 23626 630 86 beech beech FW 23626 630 87 " " '' 23626 630 88 or or CC 23626 630 89 " " `` 23626 630 90 common common JJ 23626 630 91 " " '' 23626 630 92 marten marten NN 23626 630 93 ( ( -LRB- 23626 630 94 _ _ NNP 23626 630 95 mustela mustela NNP 23626 630 96 foina foina NNP 23626 630 97 _ _ NNP 23626 630 98 ) ) -RRB- 23626 630 99 , , , 23626 630 100 found find VBN 23626 630 101 also also RB 23626 630 102 in in IN 23626 630 103 Britain Britain NNP 23626 630 104 to to IN 23626 630 105 - - HYPH 23626 630 106 day day NN 23626 630 107 . . . 23626 631 1 It -PRON- PRP 23626 631 2 is be VBZ 23626 631 3 also also RB 23626 631 4 interesting interesting JJ 23626 631 5 to to TO 23626 631 6 note note VB 23626 631 7 that that IN 23626 631 8 the the DT 23626 631 9 various various JJ 23626 631 10 superstitions superstition NNS 23626 631 11 existing exist VBG 23626 631 12 with with IN 23626 631 13 regard regard NN 23626 631 14 to to IN 23626 631 15 the the DT 23626 631 16 different different JJ 23626 631 17 varieties variety NNS 23626 631 18 and and CC 23626 631 19 colours colour NNS 23626 631 20 of of IN 23626 631 21 cats cat NNS 23626 631 22 also also RB 23626 631 23 exist exist VBP 23626 631 24 in in IN 23626 631 25 an an DT 23626 631 26 identical identical JJ 23626 631 27 manner manner NN 23626 631 28 with with IN 23626 631 29 the the DT 23626 631 30 corresponding corresponding JJ 23626 631 31 colours colour NNS 23626 631 32 of of IN 23626 631 33 the the DT 23626 631 34 minerals mineral NNS 23626 631 35 known know VBN 23626 631 36 as as IN 23626 631 37 " " `` 23626 631 38 cat cat NN 23626 631 39 's 's POS 23626 631 40 eye eye NN 23626 631 41 . . . 23626 631 42 " " '' 23626 632 1 Several several JJ 23626 632 2 varieties variety NNS 23626 632 3 of of IN 23626 632 4 cat's cat's NN 23626 632 5 - - HYPH 23626 632 6 eye eye NN 23626 632 7 have have VBP 23626 632 8 already already RB 23626 632 9 been be VBN 23626 632 10 described describe VBN 23626 632 11 . . . 23626 633 1 Another another DT 23626 633 2 important important JJ 23626 633 3 variety variety NN 23626 633 4 is be VBZ 23626 633 5 that that DT 23626 633 6 of of IN 23626 633 7 the the DT 23626 633 8 chrysoberyl chrysoberyl NN 23626 633 9 called call VBN 23626 633 10 " " `` 23626 633 11 cymophane cymophane NNP 23626 633 12 . . . 23626 633 13 " " '' 23626 634 1 This this DT 23626 634 2 is be VBZ 23626 634 3 composed compose VBN 23626 634 4 of of IN 23626 634 5 glucina glucina NNP 23626 634 6 , , , 23626 634 7 which which WDT 23626 634 8 is be VBZ 23626 634 9 glucinum glucinum JJ 23626 634 10 oxide oxide NN 23626 634 11 , , , 23626 634 12 or or CC 23626 634 13 beryllia beryllia NNS 23626 634 14 , , , 23626 634 15 BeO BeO NNP 23626 634 16 , , , 23626 634 17 of of IN 23626 634 18 which which WDT 23626 634 19 there there EX 23626 634 20 is be VBZ 23626 634 21 19.8 19.8 CD 23626 634 22 per per IN 23626 634 23 cent cent NN 23626 634 24 . . . 23626 634 25 , , , 23626 634 26 and and CC 23626 634 27 alumina alumina NNP 23626 634 28 , , , 23626 634 29 or or CC 23626 634 30 aluminium aluminium NN 23626 634 31 oxide oxide NN 23626 634 32 , , , 23626 634 33 Al_{2}O_{3 Al_{2}O_{3 NNP 23626 634 34 } } -RRB- 23626 634 35 , , , 23626 634 36 of of IN 23626 634 37 which which WDT 23626 634 38 there there EX 23626 634 39 is be VBZ 23626 634 40 80.2 80.2 CD 23626 634 41 per per IN 23626 634 42 cent cent NN 23626 634 43 . . . 23626 635 1 It -PRON- PRP 23626 635 2 has have VBZ 23626 635 3 , , , 23626 635 4 therefore therefore RB 23626 635 5 , , , 23626 635 6 the the DT 23626 635 7 chemical chemical NN 23626 635 8 formula formula NN 23626 635 9 , , , 23626 635 10 BeO BeO NNP 23626 635 11 , , , 23626 635 12 Al_{2}O_{3 al_{2}o_{3 CD 23626 635 13 } } -RRB- 23626 635 14 . . . 23626 636 1 This this DT 23626 636 2 stone stone NN 23626 636 3 shows show VBZ 23626 636 4 positive positive JJ 23626 636 5 electricity electricity NN 23626 636 6 when when WRB 23626 636 7 rubbed rub VBD 23626 636 8 , , , 23626 636 9 and and CC 23626 636 10 , , , 23626 636 11 unlike unlike IN 23626 636 12 the the DT 23626 636 13 sapphires sapphire NNS 23626 636 14 described describe VBN 23626 636 15 in in IN 23626 636 16 the the DT 23626 636 17 last last JJ 23626 636 18 chapter chapter NN 23626 636 19 , , , 23626 636 20 which which WDT 23626 636 21 lose lose VBP 23626 636 22 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 636 23 colour colour NN 23626 636 24 when when WRB 23626 636 25 heated heat VBN 23626 636 26 , , , 23626 636 27 this this DT 23626 636 28 variety variety NN 23626 636 29 of of IN 23626 636 30 chrysoberyl chrysoberyl NN 23626 636 31 shows show VBZ 23626 636 32 no no DT 23626 636 33 change change NN 23626 636 34 in in IN 23626 636 35 colour colour NN 23626 636 36 , , , 23626 636 37 and and CC 23626 636 38 any any DT 23626 636 39 electricity electricity NN 23626 636 40 given give VBN 23626 636 41 to to IN 23626 636 42 it -PRON- PRP 23626 636 43 , , , 23626 636 44 either either CC 23626 636 45 by by IN 23626 636 46 friction friction NN 23626 636 47 or or CC 23626 636 48 heat heat NN 23626 636 49 , , , 23626 636 50 is be VBZ 23626 636 51 retained retain VBN 23626 636 52 for for IN 23626 636 53 a a DT 23626 636 54 long long JJ 23626 636 55 time time NN 23626 636 56 . . . 23626 637 1 When when WRB 23626 637 2 heated heat VBN 23626 637 3 in in IN 23626 637 4 the the DT 23626 637 5 blowpipe blowpipe NN 23626 637 6 alone alone RB 23626 637 7 it -PRON- PRP 23626 637 8 remains remain VBZ 23626 637 9 unaltered unaltered JJ 23626 637 10 , , , 23626 637 11 that that RB 23626 637 12 is is RB 23626 637 13 , , , 23626 637 14 it -PRON- PRP 23626 637 15 is be VBZ 23626 637 16 not not RB 23626 637 17 fusible fusible JJ 23626 637 18 , , , 23626 637 19 and and CC 23626 637 20 even even RB 23626 637 21 with with IN 23626 637 22 microcosmic microcosmic JJ 23626 637 23 salt salt NN 23626 637 24 it -PRON- PRP 23626 637 25 requires require VBZ 23626 637 26 a a DT 23626 637 27 considerably considerably RB 23626 637 28 long long JJ 23626 637 29 and and CC 23626 637 30 fierce fierce JJ 23626 637 31 heat heat NN 23626 637 32 before before IN 23626 637 33 it -PRON- PRP 23626 637 34 yields yield VBZ 23626 637 35 and and CC 23626 637 36 fuses fuse NNS 23626 637 37 , , , 23626 637 38 and and CC 23626 637 39 acids acid NNS 23626 637 40 do do VBP 23626 637 41 not not RB 23626 637 42 act act VB 23626 637 43 upon upon IN 23626 637 44 it -PRON- PRP 23626 637 45 . . . 23626 638 1 It -PRON- PRP 23626 638 2 crystallises crystallise VBZ 23626 638 3 in in IN 23626 638 4 the the DT 23626 638 5 4th 4th JJ 23626 638 6 ( ( -LRB- 23626 638 7 rhombic rhombic JJ 23626 638 8 ) ) -RRB- 23626 638 9 system system NN 23626 638 10 , , , 23626 638 11 and and CC 23626 638 12 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 638 13 lustre lustre NN 23626 638 14 is be VBZ 23626 638 15 vitreous vitreous JJ 23626 638 16 . . . 23626 639 1 The the DT 23626 639 2 cymophane cymophane NN 23626 639 3 shows show VBZ 23626 639 4 a a DT 23626 639 5 number number NN 23626 639 6 of of IN 23626 639 7 varieties variety NNS 23626 639 8 , , , 23626 639 9 quite quite RB 23626 639 10 as as RB 23626 639 11 many many JJ 23626 639 12 as as IN 23626 639 13 the the DT 23626 639 14 chrysoberyl chrysoberyl NN 23626 639 15 , , , 23626 639 16 of of IN 23626 639 17 which which WDT 23626 639 18 it -PRON- PRP 23626 639 19 is be VBZ 23626 639 20 itself -PRON- PRP 23626 639 21 a a DT 23626 639 22 variety variety NN 23626 639 23 , , , 23626 639 24 and and CC 23626 639 25 these these DT 23626 639 26 go go VBP 23626 639 27 through through IN 23626 639 28 the the DT 23626 639 29 gamut gamut NN 23626 639 30 of of IN 23626 639 31 greens greens NNP 23626 639 32 , , , 23626 639 33 from from IN 23626 639 34 a a DT 23626 639 35 pale pale JJ 23626 639 36 white white JJ 23626 639 37 green green NN 23626 639 38 to to IN 23626 639 39 the the DT 23626 639 40 stronger strong JJR 23626 639 41 green green NN 23626 639 42 of of IN 23626 639 43 asparagus asparagus NN 23626 639 44 , , , 23626 639 45 and and CC 23626 639 46 through through IN 23626 639 47 both both DT 23626 639 48 the the DT 23626 639 49 grey grey NN 23626 639 50 and and CC 23626 639 51 yellow yellow JJ 23626 639 52 greens green NNS 23626 639 53 to to IN 23626 639 54 dark dark NN 23626 639 55 . . . 23626 640 1 It -PRON- PRP 23626 640 2 is be VBZ 23626 640 3 found find VBN 23626 640 4 in in IN 23626 640 5 Ceylon Ceylon NNP 23626 640 6 , , , 23626 640 7 Moravia Moravia NNP 23626 640 8 , , , 23626 640 9 the the DT 23626 640 10 Ural Ural NNP 23626 640 11 Mountains Mountains NNPS 23626 640 12 , , , 23626 640 13 Brazil Brazil NNP 23626 640 14 , , , 23626 640 15 North North NNP 23626 640 16 America America NNP 23626 640 17 , , , 23626 640 18 and and CC 23626 640 19 elsewhere elsewhere RB 23626 640 20 . . . 23626 641 1 The the DT 23626 641 2 cat's cat's NN 23626 641 3 - - HYPH 23626 641 4 eye eye NN 23626 641 5 of of IN 23626 641 6 this this DT 23626 641 7 is be VBZ 23626 641 8 very very RB 23626 641 9 similar similar JJ 23626 641 10 to to IN 23626 641 11 the the DT 23626 641 12 quartz quartz NN 23626 641 13 cat's cat's NN 23626 641 14 - - HYPH 23626 641 15 eye eye NN 23626 641 16 , , , 23626 641 17 but but CC 23626 641 18 a a DT 23626 641 19 comparison comparison NN 23626 641 20 will will MD 23626 641 21 make make VB 23626 641 22 the the DT 23626 641 23 difference difference NN 23626 641 24 so so RB 23626 641 25 clear clear JJ 23626 641 26 that that IN 23626 641 27 they -PRON- PRP 23626 641 28 could could MD 23626 641 29 never never RB 23626 641 30 be be VB 23626 641 31 mistaken mistaken JJ 23626 641 32 , , , 23626 641 33 apart apart RB 23626 641 34 from from IN 23626 641 35 the the DT 23626 641 36 fact fact NN 23626 641 37 that that IN 23626 641 38 the the DT 23626 641 39 quartz quartz NN 23626 641 40 has have VBZ 23626 641 41 a a DT 23626 641 42 specific specific JJ 23626 641 43 gravity gravity NN 23626 641 44 considerably considerably RB 23626 641 45 lower low JJR 23626 641 46 than than IN 23626 641 47 the the DT 23626 641 48 chrysoberyl chrysoberyl NNP 23626 641 49 cat's cat's NNP 23626 641 50 - - HYPH 23626 641 51 eye eye NN 23626 641 52 , , , 23626 641 53 which which WDT 23626 641 54 latter latter JJ 23626 641 55 is be VBZ 23626 641 56 the the DT 23626 641 57 true true JJ 23626 641 58 cat's cat's NN 23626 641 59 - - HYPH 23626 641 60 eye eye NN 23626 641 61 , , , 23626 641 62 and and CC 23626 641 63 the the DT 23626 641 64 one one NN 23626 641 65 usually usually RB 23626 641 66 understood understand VBD 23626 641 67 when when WRB 23626 641 68 allusion allusion NN 23626 641 69 is be VBZ 23626 641 70 made make VBN 23626 641 71 to to IN 23626 641 72 the the DT 23626 641 73 stone stone NN 23626 641 74 without without IN 23626 641 75 any any DT 23626 641 76 distinguishing distinguish VBG 23626 641 77 prefix prefix NN 23626 641 78 , , , 23626 641 79 such such JJ 23626 641 80 as as IN 23626 641 81 the the DT 23626 641 82 ruby ruby NNP 23626 641 83 , , , 23626 641 84 sapphire sapphire NN 23626 641 85 , , , 23626 641 86 quartz quartz NN 23626 641 87 , , , 23626 641 88 etc etc FW 23626 641 89 . . FW 23626 641 90 , , , 23626 641 91 cat cat NNP 23626 641 92 's 's POS 23626 641 93 eye eye NN 23626 641 94 . . . 23626 642 1 It -PRON- PRP 23626 642 2 should should MD 23626 642 3 , , , 23626 642 4 however however RB 23626 642 5 , , , 23626 642 6 be be VB 23626 642 7 mentioned mention VBN 23626 642 8 that that IN 23626 642 9 this this DT 23626 642 10 stone stone NN 23626 642 11 is be VBZ 23626 642 12 referred refer VBN 23626 642 13 to to IN 23626 642 14 when when WRB 23626 642 15 the the DT 23626 642 16 names name NNS 23626 642 17 Ceylonese ceylonese JJ 23626 642 18 and and CC 23626 642 19 Oriental oriental JJ 23626 642 20 cat's cat's NN 23626 642 21 - - HYPH 23626 642 22 eye eye NN 23626 642 23 are be VBP 23626 642 24 given give VBN 23626 642 25 , , , 23626 642 26 which which WDT 23626 642 27 names name NNS 23626 642 28 are be VBP 23626 642 29 used use VBN 23626 642 30 in in IN 23626 642 31 the the DT 23626 642 32 trade trade NN 23626 642 33 as as RB 23626 642 34 well well RB 23626 642 35 as as IN 23626 642 36 the the DT 23626 642 37 simple simple JJ 23626 642 38 appellation appellation NN 23626 642 39 , , , 23626 642 40 " " `` 23626 642 41 cat cat NNP 23626 642 42 's 's POS 23626 642 43 eye eye NN 23626 642 44 . . . 23626 642 45 " " '' 23626 643 1 One one CD 23626 643 2 peculiarity peculiarity NN 23626 643 3 of of IN 23626 643 4 some some DT 23626 643 5 of of IN 23626 643 6 these these DT 23626 643 7 stones stone NNS 23626 643 8 is be VBZ 23626 643 9 that that IN 23626 643 10 the the DT 23626 643 11 " " `` 23626 643 12 fire fire NN 23626 643 13 " " '' 23626 643 14 or or CC 23626 643 15 " " `` 23626 643 16 glow glow VB 23626 643 17 " " '' 23626 643 18 is be VBZ 23626 643 19 usually usually RB 23626 643 20 altered alter VBN 23626 643 21 in in IN 23626 643 22 colour colour NN 23626 643 23 by by IN 23626 643 24 the the DT 23626 643 25 colour colour NN 23626 643 26 of of IN 23626 643 27 the the DT 23626 643 28 light light NN 23626 643 29 under under IN 23626 643 30 which which WDT 23626 643 31 it -PRON- PRP 23626 643 32 is be VBZ 23626 643 33 seen see VBN 23626 643 34 , , , 23626 643 35 the the DT 23626 643 36 change change NN 23626 643 37 of of IN 23626 643 38 colour colour NN 23626 643 39 being be VBG 23626 643 40 generally generally RB 23626 643 41 the the DT 23626 643 42 complementary complementary NN 23626 643 43 . . . 23626 644 1 Thus thus RB 23626 644 2 , , , 23626 644 3 a a DT 23626 644 4 stone stone NN 23626 644 5 which which WDT 23626 644 6 in in IN 23626 644 7 one one CD 23626 644 8 light light NN 23626 644 9 shows show VBZ 23626 644 10 red red JJ 23626 644 11 , , , 23626 644 12 in in IN 23626 644 13 another another DT 23626 644 14 will will MD 23626 644 15 be be VB 23626 644 16 green green JJ 23626 644 17 ; ; : 23626 644 18 the the DT 23626 644 19 " " `` 23626 644 20 eye eye NN 23626 644 21 " " '' 23626 644 22 showing show VBG 23626 644 23 blue blue JJ 23626 644 24 in in IN 23626 644 25 one one CD 23626 644 26 light light NN 23626 644 27 will will MD 23626 644 28 become become VB 23626 644 29 orange orange JJ 23626 644 30 in in IN 23626 644 31 another another DT 23626 644 32 ; ; : 23626 644 33 whilst whilst IN 23626 644 34 the the DT 23626 644 35 yellow yellow NN 23626 644 36 of of IN 23626 644 37 another another DT 23626 644 38 stone stone NN 23626 644 39 may may MD 23626 644 40 show show VB 23626 644 41 a a DT 23626 644 42 decided decide VBN 23626 644 43 purple purple NN 23626 644 44 or or CC 23626 644 45 amethyst amethyst NN 23626 644 46 in in IN 23626 644 47 a a DT 23626 644 48 different different JJ 23626 644 49 light light NN 23626 644 50 . . . 23626 645 1 A a DT 23626 645 2 good good JJ 23626 645 3 test test NN 23626 645 4 for for IN 23626 645 5 this this DT 23626 645 6 , , , 23626 645 7 and and CC 23626 645 8 indeed indeed RB 23626 645 9 most most RBS 23626 645 10 precious precious JJ 23626 645 11 stones stone NNS 23626 645 12 , , , 23626 645 13 is be VBZ 23626 645 14 that that IN 23626 645 15 they -PRON- PRP 23626 645 16 conduct conduct VBP 23626 645 17 heat heat NN 23626 645 18 more more RBR 23626 645 19 quickly quickly RB 23626 645 20 than than IN 23626 645 21 does do VBZ 23626 645 22 glass glass NN 23626 645 23 , , , 23626 645 24 and and CC 23626 645 25 with with IN 23626 645 26 such such JJ 23626 645 27 rapidity rapidity NN 23626 645 28 that that WDT 23626 645 29 on on IN 23626 645 30 breathing breathe VBG 23626 645 31 upon upon IN 23626 645 32 a a DT 23626 645 33 stone stone NN 23626 645 34 the the DT 23626 645 35 warmth warmth NN 23626 645 36 is be VBZ 23626 645 37 conducted conduct VBN 23626 645 38 instantly instantly RB 23626 645 39 , , , 23626 645 40 so so IN 23626 645 41 that that IN 23626 645 42 , , , 23626 645 43 though though IN 23626 645 44 the the DT 23626 645 45 stone stone NN 23626 645 46 is be VBZ 23626 645 47 dimmed dim VBN 23626 645 48 the the DT 23626 645 49 dimness dimness JJ 23626 645 50 vanishes vanishe NNS 23626 645 51 at at IN 23626 645 52 once once RB 23626 645 53 , , , 23626 645 54 whereas whereas IN 23626 645 55 with with IN 23626 645 56 glass glass NN 23626 645 57 the the DT 23626 645 58 film film NN 23626 645 59 of of IN 23626 645 60 moisture moisture NN 23626 645 61 fades fade NNS 23626 645 62 but but CC 23626 645 63 slowly slowly RB 23626 645 64 in in IN 23626 645 65 comparison comparison NN 23626 645 66 . . . 23626 646 1 _ _ NNP 23626 646 2 The the DT 23626 646 3 Topaz Topaz NNP 23626 646 4 . . . 23626 646 5 _ _ NNP 23626 646 6 The the DT 23626 646 7 name name NN 23626 646 8 topaz topaz NN 23626 646 9 is be VBZ 23626 646 10 derived derive VBN 23626 646 11 from from IN 23626 646 12 the the DT 23626 646 13 Greek Greek NNP 23626 646 14 _ _ NNP 23626 646 15 topazos topazos NN 23626 646 16 _ _ NNP 23626 646 17 , , , 23626 646 18 which which WDT 23626 646 19 is be VBZ 23626 646 20 the the DT 23626 646 21 name name NN 23626 646 22 of of IN 23626 646 23 a a DT 23626 646 24 small small JJ 23626 646 25 island island NN 23626 646 26 situated situate VBN 23626 646 27 in in IN 23626 646 28 the the DT 23626 646 29 Gulf Gulf NNP 23626 646 30 of of IN 23626 646 31 Arabia Arabia NNP 23626 646 32 , , , 23626 646 33 from from IN 23626 646 34 whence whence NN 23626 646 35 the the DT 23626 646 36 Romans Romans NNPS 23626 646 37 obtained obtain VBD 23626 646 38 a a DT 23626 646 39 mineral mineral NN 23626 646 40 which which WDT 23626 646 41 they -PRON- PRP 23626 646 42 called call VBD 23626 646 43 topazos topazos NN 23626 646 44 and and CC 23626 646 45 topazion topazion NN 23626 646 46 , , , 23626 646 47 which which WDT 23626 646 48 mineral mineral NN 23626 646 49 to to IN 23626 646 50 - - HYPH 23626 646 51 day day NN 23626 646 52 is be VBZ 23626 646 53 termed term VBN 23626 646 54 chrysolite chrysolite JJ 23626 646 55 . . . 23626 647 1 The the DT 23626 647 2 mineral mineral NN 23626 647 3 topaz topaz NN 23626 647 4 is be VBZ 23626 647 5 found find VBN 23626 647 6 in in IN 23626 647 7 Cornwall Cornwall NNP 23626 647 8 and and CC 23626 647 9 in in IN 23626 647 10 the the DT 23626 647 11 British british JJ 23626 647 12 Isles Isles NNPS 23626 647 13 generally generally RB 23626 647 14 ; ; : 23626 647 15 also also RB 23626 647 16 in in IN 23626 647 17 Siberia Siberia NNP 23626 647 18 , , , 23626 647 19 India India NNP 23626 647 20 , , , 23626 647 21 South South NNP 23626 647 22 America America NNP 23626 647 23 and and CC 23626 647 24 many many JJ 23626 647 25 other other JJ 23626 647 26 localities locality NNS 23626 647 27 , , , 23626 647 28 some some DT 23626 647 29 of of IN 23626 647 30 the the DT 23626 647 31 finest fine JJS 23626 647 32 stones stone NNS 23626 647 33 coming come VBG 23626 647 34 from from IN 23626 647 35 Saxony Saxony NNP 23626 647 36 , , , 23626 647 37 Bohemia Bohemia NNP 23626 647 38 , , , 23626 647 39 and and CC 23626 647 40 Brazil Brazil NNP 23626 647 41 , , , 23626 647 42 especially especially RB 23626 647 43 the the DT 23626 647 44 last last RB 23626 647 45 - - HYPH 23626 647 46 named name VBN 23626 647 47 . . . 23626 648 1 The the DT 23626 648 2 cleavage cleavage NN 23626 648 3 is be VBZ 23626 648 4 perfect perfect JJ 23626 648 5 and and CC 23626 648 6 parallel parallel JJ 23626 648 7 to to IN 23626 648 8 the the DT 23626 648 9 basal basal NN 23626 648 10 plane plane NN 23626 648 11 . . . 23626 649 1 It -PRON- PRP 23626 649 2 crystallises crystallise VBZ 23626 649 3 in in IN 23626 649 4 the the DT 23626 649 5 4th 4th JJ 23626 649 6 ( ( -LRB- 23626 649 7 rhombic rhombic JJ 23626 649 8 ) ) -RRB- 23626 649 9 system system NN 23626 649 10 ; ; : 23626 649 11 in in IN 23626 649 12 lustre lustre NNP 23626 649 13 it -PRON- PRP 23626 649 14 is be VBZ 23626 649 15 vitreous vitreous JJ 23626 649 16 ; ; : 23626 649 17 it -PRON- PRP 23626 649 18 is be VBZ 23626 649 19 transparent transparent JJ 23626 649 20 , , , 23626 649 21 or or CC 23626 649 22 ranging range VBG 23626 649 23 from from IN 23626 649 24 that that DT 23626 649 25 to to IN 23626 649 26 translucent translucent VB 23626 649 27 ; ; : 23626 649 28 the the DT 23626 649 29 streak streak NN 23626 649 30 is be VBZ 23626 649 31 white white JJ 23626 649 32 or or CC 23626 649 33 colourless colourless JJ 23626 649 34 . . . 23626 650 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 650 2 colour colour NN 23626 650 3 varies vary VBZ 23626 650 4 very very RB 23626 650 5 much much RB 23626 650 6 -- -- : 23626 650 7 some some DT 23626 650 8 stones stone NNS 23626 650 9 are be VBP 23626 650 10 straw straw NN 23626 650 11 - - HYPH 23626 650 12 colour colour NN 23626 650 13 , , , 23626 650 14 some some DT 23626 650 15 are be VBP 23626 650 16 grey grey JJ 23626 650 17 , , , 23626 650 18 white white JJ 23626 650 19 , , , 23626 650 20 blue blue JJ 23626 650 21 , , , 23626 650 22 green green JJ 23626 650 23 , , , 23626 650 24 and and CC 23626 650 25 orange orange NN 23626 650 26 . . . 23626 651 1 A a DT 23626 651 2 very very RB 23626 651 3 favourite favourite JJ 23626 651 4 colour colour NN 23626 651 5 is be VBZ 23626 651 6 the the DT 23626 651 7 pink pink NN 23626 651 8 , , , 23626 651 9 but but CC 23626 651 10 in in IN 23626 651 11 most most JJS 23626 651 12 cases case NNS 23626 651 13 this this DT 23626 651 14 colour colour NN 23626 651 15 is be VBZ 23626 651 16 not not RB 23626 651 17 natural natural JJ 23626 651 18 to to IN 23626 651 19 the the DT 23626 651 20 stone stone NN 23626 651 21 , , , 23626 651 22 but but CC 23626 651 23 is be VBZ 23626 651 24 the the DT 23626 651 25 result result NN 23626 651 26 of of IN 23626 651 27 " " `` 23626 651 28 burning burn VBG 23626 651 29 , , , 23626 651 30 " " '' 23626 651 31 or or CC 23626 651 32 " " `` 23626 651 33 pinking pink VBG 23626 651 34 " " '' 23626 651 35 as as IN 23626 651 36 the the DT 23626 651 37 process process NN 23626 651 38 is be VBZ 23626 651 39 called call VBN 23626 651 40 technically technically RB 23626 651 41 , , , 23626 651 42 which which WDT 23626 651 43 process process NN 23626 651 44 is be VBZ 23626 651 45 to to TO 23626 651 46 raise raise VB 23626 651 47 the the DT 23626 651 48 temperature temperature NN 23626 651 49 of of IN 23626 651 50 a a DT 23626 651 51 yellow yellow JJ 23626 651 52 stone stone NN 23626 651 53 till till IN 23626 651 54 the the DT 23626 651 55 yellow yellow JJ 23626 651 56 tint tint NN 23626 651 57 turns turn VBZ 23626 651 58 to to IN 23626 651 59 a a DT 23626 651 60 pink pink NN 23626 651 61 of of IN 23626 651 62 the the DT 23626 651 63 colour colour NN 23626 651 64 desired desire VBD 23626 651 65 . . . 23626 652 1 The the DT 23626 652 2 topaz topaz NN 23626 652 3 is be VBZ 23626 652 4 harder hard JJR 23626 652 5 than than IN 23626 652 6 quartz quartz NNP 23626 652 7 , , , 23626 652 8 as as IN 23626 652 9 will will MD 23626 652 10 be be VB 23626 652 11 seen see VBN 23626 652 12 on on IN 23626 652 13 reference reference NN 23626 652 14 to to IN 23626 652 15 the the DT 23626 652 16 " " `` 23626 652 17 Hardness Hardness NNP 23626 652 18 " " '' 23626 652 19 table table NN 23626 652 20 , , , 23626 652 21 and and CC 23626 652 22 is be VBZ 23626 652 23 composed compose VBN 23626 652 24 of of IN 23626 652 25 a a DT 23626 652 26 silicate silicate NN 23626 652 27 of of IN 23626 652 28 aluminium aluminium NN 23626 652 29 , , , 23626 652 30 fluorine fluorine NN 23626 652 31 taking take VBG 23626 652 32 the the DT 23626 652 33 place place NN 23626 652 34 of of IN 23626 652 35 some some DT 23626 652 36 of of IN 23626 652 37 the the DT 23626 652 38 oxygen oxygen NN 23626 652 39 . . . 23626 653 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 653 2 composition composition NN 23626 653 3 averages average NNS 23626 653 4 16.25 16.25 CD 23626 653 5 per per IN 23626 653 6 cent cent NN 23626 653 7 . . . 23626 654 1 of of IN 23626 654 2 silica silica NNP 23626 654 3 , , , 23626 654 4 55.75 55.75 CD 23626 654 5 per per NN 23626 654 6 cent cent NN 23626 654 7 . . . 23626 655 1 of of IN 23626 655 2 alumina alumina NNP 23626 655 3 , , , 23626 655 4 or or CC 23626 655 5 oxide oxide NN 23626 655 6 of of IN 23626 655 7 aluminium aluminium NN 23626 655 8 , , , 23626 655 9 and and CC 23626 655 10 fluoride fluoride NN 23626 655 11 of of IN 23626 655 12 silicium silicium NN 23626 655 13 , , , 23626 655 14 28 28 CD 23626 655 15 per per NN 23626 655 16 cent cent NN 23626 655 17 . . . 23626 656 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 656 2 formula formula NN 23626 656 3 is be VBZ 23626 656 4 [ [ -LRB- 23626 656 5 Al(F al(f CD 23626 656 6 , , , 23626 656 7 OH)]_{2 OH)]_{2 NNP 23626 656 8 } } -RRB- 23626 656 9 SiO_{4 SiO_{4 NNP 23626 656 10 } } -RRB- 23626 656 11 , , , 23626 656 12 or or CC 23626 656 13 ( ( -LRB- 23626 656 14 AlF)_{2}SiO_{4 AlF)_{2}SiO_{4 NNP 23626 656 15 } } -RRB- 23626 656 16 . . . 23626 657 1 From from IN 23626 657 2 this this DT 23626 657 3 it -PRON- PRP 23626 657 4 will will MD 23626 657 5 be be VB 23626 657 6 understood understand VBN 23626 657 7 that that IN 23626 657 8 the the DT 23626 657 9 fluorine fluorine NN 23626 657 10 will will MD 23626 657 11 be be VB 23626 657 12 evolved evolve VBN 23626 657 13 when when WRB 23626 657 14 the the DT 23626 657 15 stone stone NN 23626 657 16 is be VBZ 23626 657 17 fused fuse VBN 23626 657 18 . . . 23626 658 1 It -PRON- PRP 23626 658 2 is be VBZ 23626 658 3 , , , 23626 658 4 however however RB 23626 658 5 , , , 23626 658 6 very very RB 23626 658 7 difficult difficult JJ 23626 658 8 to to TO 23626 658 9 fuse fuse VB 23626 658 10 , , , 23626 658 11 and and CC 23626 658 12 alone alone RB 23626 658 13 it -PRON- PRP 23626 658 14 is be VBZ 23626 658 15 infusible infusible JJ 23626 658 16 under under IN 23626 658 17 the the DT 23626 658 18 blowpipe blowpipe NN 23626 658 19 , , , 23626 658 20 but but CC 23626 658 21 with with IN 23626 658 22 microcosmic microcosmic JJ 23626 658 23 salt salt NN 23626 658 24 it -PRON- PRP 23626 658 25 fuses fuse VBZ 23626 658 26 and and CC 23626 658 27 evolves evolve VBZ 23626 658 28 fluorine fluorine NN 23626 658 29 , , , 23626 658 30 and and CC 23626 658 31 the the DT 23626 658 32 glass glass NN 23626 658 33 of of IN 23626 658 34 the the DT 23626 658 35 tube tube NN 23626 658 36 in in IN 23626 658 37 the the DT 23626 658 38 open open JJ 23626 658 39 end end NN 23626 658 40 of of IN 23626 658 41 which which WDT 23626 658 42 the the DT 23626 658 43 stone stone NN 23626 658 44 is be VBZ 23626 658 45 fixed fix VBN 23626 658 46 is be VBZ 23626 658 47 bitten bite VBN 23626 658 48 with with IN 23626 658 49 the the DT 23626 658 50 gas gas NN 23626 658 51 . . . 23626 659 1 Such such JJ 23626 659 2 experiments experiment NNS 23626 659 3 with with IN 23626 659 4 the the DT 23626 659 5 topaz topaz NN 23626 659 6 are be VBP 23626 659 7 highly highly RB 23626 659 8 interesting interesting JJ 23626 659 9 , , , 23626 659 10 and and CC 23626 659 11 if if IN 23626 659 12 we -PRON- PRP 23626 659 13 take take VBP 23626 659 14 a a DT 23626 659 15 little little JJ 23626 659 16 of of IN 23626 659 17 the the DT 23626 659 18 powdered powder VBN 23626 659 19 stone stone NN 23626 659 20 and and CC 23626 659 21 mix mix VB 23626 659 22 with with IN 23626 659 23 it -PRON- PRP 23626 659 24 a a DT 23626 659 25 small small JJ 23626 659 26 portion portion NN 23626 659 27 of of IN 23626 659 28 the the DT 23626 659 29 microcosmic microcosmic JJ 23626 659 30 salt salt NN 23626 659 31 , , , 23626 659 32 we -PRON- PRP 23626 659 33 may may MD 23626 659 34 apply apply VB 23626 659 35 the the DT 23626 659 36 usual usual JJ 23626 659 37 test test NN 23626 659 38 for for IN 23626 659 39 analysing analyse VBG 23626 659 40 and and CC 23626 659 41 proving prove VBG 23626 659 42 aluminium aluminium NN 23626 659 43 , , , 23626 659 44 thus thus RB 23626 659 45 : : : 23626 659 46 a a DT 23626 659 47 strongly strongly RB 23626 659 48 brilliant brilliant JJ 23626 659 49 mass mass NN 23626 659 50 is be VBZ 23626 659 51 seen see VBN 23626 659 52 when when WRB 23626 659 53 hot hot JJ 23626 659 54 , , , 23626 659 55 and and CC 23626 659 56 if if IN 23626 659 57 we -PRON- PRP 23626 659 58 moisten moisten VBP 23626 659 59 the the DT 23626 659 60 powder powder NN 23626 659 61 with with IN 23626 659 62 nitrate nitrate NN 23626 659 63 of of IN 23626 659 64 cobalt cobalt NN 23626 659 65 and and CC 23626 659 66 heat heat NN 23626 659 67 again again RB 23626 659 68 , , , 23626 659 69 this this DT 23626 659 70 time time NN 23626 659 71 in in IN 23626 659 72 the the DT 23626 659 73 inner inner JJ 23626 659 74 flame flame NN 23626 659 75 , , , 23626 659 76 the the DT 23626 659 77 mass mass NN 23626 659 78 becomes become VBZ 23626 659 79 blue blue JJ 23626 659 80 . . . 23626 660 1 Other other JJ 23626 660 2 phenomena phenomenon NNS 23626 660 3 are be VBP 23626 660 4 seen see VBN 23626 660 5 during during IN 23626 660 6 the the DT 23626 660 7 influence influence NN 23626 660 8 of of IN 23626 660 9 heat heat NN 23626 660 10 . . . 23626 661 1 Some some DT 23626 661 2 stones stone NNS 23626 661 3 , , , 23626 661 4 as as IN 23626 661 5 stated state VBN 23626 661 6 , , , 23626 661 7 become become VBP 23626 661 8 pink pink JJ 23626 661 9 on on IN 23626 661 10 heating heating NN 23626 661 11 , , , 23626 661 12 but but CC 23626 661 13 if if IN 23626 661 14 the the DT 23626 661 15 heating heating NN 23626 661 16 is be VBZ 23626 661 17 continued continue VBN 23626 661 18 too too RB 23626 661 19 long long JJ 23626 661 20 , , , 23626 661 21 or or CC 23626 661 22 too too RB 23626 661 23 strongly strongly RB 23626 661 24 , , , 23626 661 25 the the DT 23626 661 26 stone stone NN 23626 661 27 is be VBZ 23626 661 28 decoloured decolour VBN 23626 661 29 . . . 23626 662 1 Others other NNS 23626 662 2 , , , 23626 662 3 again again RB 23626 662 4 , , , 23626 662 5 suffer suffer VBP 23626 662 6 no no DT 23626 662 7 change change NN 23626 662 8 , , , 23626 662 9 and and CC 23626 662 10 this this DT 23626 662 11 has have VBZ 23626 662 12 led lead VBN 23626 662 13 to to IN 23626 662 14 a a DT 23626 662 15 slight slight JJ 23626 662 16 difference difference NN 23626 662 17 of of IN 23626 662 18 opinion opinion NN 23626 662 19 amongst amongst IN 23626 662 20 chemists chemist NNS 23626 662 21 as as IN 23626 662 22 to to IN 23626 662 23 whether whether IN 23626 662 24 the the DT 23626 662 25 colour colour NN 23626 662 26 is be VBZ 23626 662 27 due due JJ 23626 662 28 to to IN 23626 662 29 inorganic inorganic JJ 23626 662 30 or or CC 23626 662 31 organic organic JJ 23626 662 32 matter matter NN 23626 662 33 . . . 23626 663 1 Heating heating NN 23626 663 2 also also RB 23626 663 3 produces produce VBZ 23626 663 4 electricity electricity NN 23626 663 5 , , , 23626 663 6 and and CC 23626 663 7 the the DT 23626 663 8 stone stone NN 23626 663 9 , , , 23626 663 10 and and CC 23626 663 11 even even RB 23626 663 12 splinters splinter NNS 23626 663 13 of of IN 23626 663 14 it -PRON- PRP 23626 663 15 , , , 23626 663 16 will will MD 23626 663 17 give give VB 23626 663 18 out out RP 23626 663 19 a a DT 23626 663 20 curious curious JJ 23626 663 21 phosphorescent phosphorescent NN 23626 663 22 light light NN 23626 663 23 , , , 23626 663 24 which which WDT 23626 663 25 is be VBZ 23626 663 26 sometimes sometimes RB 23626 663 27 yellow yellow JJ 23626 663 28 , , , 23626 663 29 sometimes sometimes RB 23626 663 30 blue blue JJ 23626 663 31 , , , 23626 663 32 or or CC 23626 663 33 green green JJ 23626 663 34 . . . 23626 664 1 Friction friction NN 23626 664 2 or or CC 23626 664 3 pressure pressure NN 23626 664 4 produces produce VBZ 23626 664 5 strong strong JJ 23626 664 6 electrification electrification NN 23626 664 7 ; ; : 23626 664 8 thus thus RB 23626 664 9 the the DT 23626 664 10 stones stone NNS 23626 664 11 may may MD 23626 664 12 be be VB 23626 664 13 electrified electrify VBN 23626 664 14 by by IN 23626 664 15 shaking shake VBG 23626 664 16 a a DT 23626 664 17 few few JJ 23626 664 18 together together RB 23626 664 19 in in IN 23626 664 20 a a DT 23626 664 21 bag bag NN 23626 664 22 , , , 23626 664 23 or or CC 23626 664 24 by by IN 23626 664 25 the the DT 23626 664 26 tumbling tumbling NN 23626 664 27 of of IN 23626 664 28 the the DT 23626 664 29 powdered powder VBN 23626 664 30 stone stone NN 23626 664 31 - - HYPH 23626 664 32 grains grain NNS 23626 664 33 over over IN 23626 664 34 each each DT 23626 664 35 other other JJ 23626 664 36 as as IN 23626 664 37 they -PRON- PRP 23626 664 38 roll roll VBP 23626 664 39 down down RP 23626 664 40 a a DT 23626 664 41 short short JJ 23626 664 42 inclined inclined JJ 23626 664 43 plane plane NN 23626 664 44 . . . 23626 665 1 The the DT 23626 665 2 stones stone NNS 23626 665 3 are be VBP 23626 665 4 usually usually RB 23626 665 5 found find VBN 23626 665 6 in in IN 23626 665 7 the the DT 23626 665 8 primitive primitive JJ 23626 665 9 rocks rock NNS 23626 665 10 , , , 23626 665 11 varying vary VBG 23626 665 12 somewhat somewhat RB 23626 665 13 in in IN 23626 665 14 different different JJ 23626 665 15 localities locality NNS 23626 665 16 in in IN 23626 665 17 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 665 18 colour colour NN 23626 665 19 ; ; : 23626 665 20 many many JJ 23626 665 21 of of IN 23626 665 22 the the DT 23626 665 23 Brazilian brazilian JJ 23626 665 24 stones stone NNS 23626 665 25 , , , 23626 665 26 when when WRB 23626 665 27 cut cut VBN 23626 665 28 as as IN 23626 665 29 diamonds diamond NNS 23626 665 30 , , , 23626 665 31 are be VBP 23626 665 32 not not RB 23626 665 33 unlike unlike IN 23626 665 34 them -PRON- PRP 23626 665 35 . . . 23626 666 1 In in IN 23626 666 2 testing testing NN 23626 666 3 , , , 23626 666 4 besides besides IN 23626 666 5 those those DT 23626 666 6 qualities quality NNS 23626 666 7 already already RB 23626 666 8 enumerated enumerate VBN 23626 666 9 , , , 23626 666 10 the the DT 23626 666 11 crystalline crystalline NN 23626 666 12 structure structure NN 23626 666 13 is be VBZ 23626 666 14 specially specially RB 23626 666 15 perfect perfect JJ 23626 666 16 and and CC 23626 666 17 unmistakable unmistakable JJ 23626 666 18 . . . 23626 667 1 It -PRON- PRP 23626 667 2 is be VBZ 23626 667 3 doubly doubly RB 23626 667 4 refractive refractive JJ 23626 667 5 , , , 23626 667 6 whereas whereas IN 23626 667 7 spinel spinel NNP 23626 667 8 and and CC 23626 667 9 the the DT 23626 667 10 diamond diamond NN 23626 667 11 , , , 23626 667 12 which which WDT 23626 667 13 two two CD 23626 667 14 it -PRON- PRP 23626 667 15 closely closely RB 23626 667 16 resembles resemble VBZ 23626 667 17 , , , 23626 667 18 are be VBP 23626 667 19 singly singly RB 23626 667 20 refractive refractive JJ 23626 667 21 . . . 23626 668 1 Topaz topaz NN 23626 668 2 is be VBZ 23626 668 3 readily readily RB 23626 668 4 electrified electrify VBN 23626 668 5 , , , 23626 668 6 and and CC 23626 668 7 , , , 23626 668 8 if if IN 23626 668 9 perfect perfect JJ 23626 668 10 at at IN 23626 668 11 terminals terminal NNS 23626 668 12 , , , 23626 668 13 becomes become VBZ 23626 668 14 polarised polarise VBN 23626 668 15 ; ; : 23626 668 16 also also RB 23626 668 17 the the DT 23626 668 18 commercial commercial JJ 23626 668 19 solution solution NN 23626 668 20 of of IN 23626 668 21 violets violet NNS 23626 668 22 , , , 23626 668 23 of of IN 23626 668 24 which which WDT 23626 668 25 a a DT 23626 668 26 drop drop NN 23626 668 27 only only RB 23626 668 28 need nee MD 23626 668 29 be be VB 23626 668 30 taken take VBN 23626 668 31 for for IN 23626 668 32 test test NN 23626 668 33 , , , 23626 668 34 is be VBZ 23626 668 35 turned turn VBN 23626 668 36 green green JJ 23626 668 37 by by IN 23626 668 38 adding add VBG 23626 668 39 to to IN 23626 668 40 it -PRON- PRP 23626 668 41 a a DT 23626 668 42 few few JJ 23626 668 43 grains grain NNS 23626 668 44 of of IN 23626 668 45 topaz topaz NN 23626 668 46 dust dust NN 23626 668 47 , , , 23626 668 48 or or CC 23626 668 49 of of IN 23626 668 50 a a DT 23626 668 51 little little JJ 23626 668 52 splinter splinter NN 23626 668 53 crushed crush VBN 23626 668 54 to to IN 23626 668 55 fine fine JJ 23626 668 56 powder powder NN 23626 668 57 . . . 23626 669 1 _ _ NNP 23626 669 2 The the DT 23626 669 3 Beryl Beryl NNP 23626 669 4 . . . 23626 669 5 _ _ NNP 23626 669 6 The the DT 23626 669 7 beryl beryl NN 23626 669 8 is be VBZ 23626 669 9 a a DT 23626 669 10 compound compound NN 23626 669 11 of of IN 23626 669 12 silicates silicate NNS 23626 669 13 of of IN 23626 669 14 beryllia beryllia NNP 23626 669 15 and and CC 23626 669 16 alumina alumina NNP 23626 669 17 , , , 23626 669 18 with with IN 23626 669 19 the the DT 23626 669 20 formula formula NN 23626 669 21 3BeOSiO_{2 3beosio_{2 NN 23626 669 22 } } -RRB- 23626 669 23 + + NNP 23626 669 24 Al_{2}O_{3},3SiO_{2 Al_{2}O_{3},3SiO_{2 NNP 23626 669 25 } } -RRB- 23626 669 26 , , , 23626 669 27 or or CC 23626 669 28 3BeO 3beo CD 23626 669 29 , , , 23626 669 30 Al_{2}O_{3},6SiO_{2 Al_{2}O_{3},6SiO_{2 NNP 23626 669 31 } } -RRB- 23626 669 32 . . . 23626 670 1 It -PRON- PRP 23626 670 2 differs differ VBZ 23626 670 3 very very RB 23626 670 4 little little JJ 23626 670 5 indeed indeed RB 23626 670 6 from from IN 23626 670 7 the the DT 23626 670 8 emerald emerald NN 23626 670 9 , , , 23626 670 10 with with IN 23626 670 11 the the DT 23626 670 12 exception exception NN 23626 670 13 of of IN 23626 670 14 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 670 15 colour colour NN 23626 670 16 . . . 23626 671 1 In in IN 23626 671 2 the the DT 23626 671 3 ordinary ordinary JJ 23626 671 4 varieties variety NNS 23626 671 5 this this DT 23626 671 6 is be VBZ 23626 671 7 somewhat somewhat RB 23626 671 8 poor poor JJ 23626 671 9 , , , 23626 671 10 being be VBG 23626 671 11 mostly mostly RB 23626 671 12 blue blue JJ 23626 671 13 , , , 23626 671 14 or or CC 23626 671 15 a a DT 23626 671 16 dirty dirty NN 23626 671 17 or or CC 23626 671 18 a a DT 23626 671 19 greenish greenish JJ 23626 671 20 yellow yellow NN 23626 671 21 ; ; : 23626 671 22 the the DT 23626 671 23 better well JJR 23626 671 24 kinds kind NNS 23626 671 25 , , , 23626 671 26 however however RB 23626 671 27 , , , 23626 671 28 possess possess VBP 23626 671 29 magnificent magnificent JJ 23626 671 30 colour colour NN 23626 671 31 and and CC 23626 671 32 variety variety NN 23626 671 33 , , , 23626 671 34 such such JJ 23626 671 35 as as IN 23626 671 36 in in IN 23626 671 37 the the DT 23626 671 38 aquamarine aquamarine NN 23626 671 39 , , , 23626 671 40 emerald emerald NNP 23626 671 41 , , , 23626 671 42 etc etc FW 23626 671 43 . . . 23626 672 1 The the DT 23626 672 2 cleavage cleavage NN 23626 672 3 is be VBZ 23626 672 4 parallel parallel JJ 23626 672 5 to to IN 23626 672 6 the the DT 23626 672 7 basal basal NN 23626 672 8 plane plane NN 23626 672 9 . . . 23626 673 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 673 2 lustre lustre NN 23626 673 3 is be VBZ 23626 673 4 sometimes sometimes RB 23626 673 5 resinous resinous JJ 23626 673 6 , , , 23626 673 7 sometimes sometimes RB 23626 673 8 vitreous vitreous JJ 23626 673 9 , , , 23626 673 10 and and CC 23626 673 11 it -PRON- PRP 23626 673 12 crystallises crystallise VBZ 23626 673 13 in in IN 23626 673 14 the the DT 23626 673 15 2nd 2nd JJ 23626 673 16 ( ( -LRB- 23626 673 17 hexagonal hexagonal NNP 23626 673 18 ) ) -RRB- 23626 673 19 system system NN 23626 673 20 . . . 23626 674 1 It -PRON- PRP 23626 674 2 occurs occur VBZ 23626 674 3 in in IN 23626 674 4 somewhat somewhat RB 23626 674 5 long long JJ 23626 674 6 , , , 23626 674 7 hexagonal hexagonal JJ 23626 674 8 prisms prism NNS 23626 674 9 , , , 23626 674 10 with with IN 23626 674 11 smooth smooth JJ 23626 674 12 , , , 23626 674 13 truncated truncate VBN 23626 674 14 planes plane NNS 23626 674 15 , , , 23626 674 16 and and CC 23626 674 17 is be VBZ 23626 674 18 often often RB 23626 674 19 found find VBN 23626 674 20 in in IN 23626 674 21 granite granite NN 23626 674 22 and and CC 23626 674 23 the the DT 23626 674 24 silt silt NN 23626 674 25 brought bring VBN 23626 674 26 down down RP 23626 674 27 by by IN 23626 674 28 rivers river NNS 23626 674 29 from from IN 23626 674 30 granite granite NN 23626 674 31 , , , 23626 674 32 gneiss gneiss NNP 23626 674 33 , , , 23626 674 34 and and CC 23626 674 35 similar similar JJ 23626 674 36 rocks rock NNS 23626 674 37 . . . 23626 675 1 It -PRON- PRP 23626 675 2 is be VBZ 23626 675 3 found find VBN 23626 675 4 in in IN 23626 675 5 Great Great NNP 23626 675 6 Britain Britain NNP 23626 675 7 and and CC 23626 675 8 in in IN 23626 675 9 many many JJ 23626 675 10 parts part NNS 23626 675 11 of of IN 23626 675 12 Europe Europe NNP 23626 675 13 , , , 23626 675 14 Asia Asia NNP 23626 675 15 , , , 23626 675 16 and and CC 23626 675 17 America America NNP 23626 675 18 , , , 23626 675 19 in in IN 23626 675 20 crystals crystal NNS 23626 675 21 of of IN 23626 675 22 all all DT 23626 675 23 sizes size NNS 23626 675 24 , , , 23626 675 25 from from IN 23626 675 26 small small JJ 23626 675 27 to to IN 23626 675 28 the the DT 23626 675 29 weight weight NN 23626 675 30 of of IN 23626 675 31 several several JJ 23626 675 32 tons ton NNS 23626 675 33 . . . 23626 676 1 The the DT 23626 676 2 common common JJ 23626 676 3 kinds kind NNS 23626 676 4 are be VBP 23626 676 5 too too RB 23626 676 6 opaque opaque JJ 23626 676 7 and and CC 23626 676 8 colourless colourless JJ 23626 676 9 to to TO 23626 676 10 be be VB 23626 676 11 used use VBN 23626 676 12 as as IN 23626 676 13 gems gem NNS 23626 676 14 and and CC 23626 676 15 are be VBP 23626 676 16 somewhat somewhat RB 23626 676 17 difficult difficult JJ 23626 676 18 of of IN 23626 676 19 fusion fusion NN 23626 676 20 under under IN 23626 676 21 the the DT 23626 676 22 blowpipe blowpipe NN 23626 676 23 , , , 23626 676 24 on on IN 23626 676 25 the the DT 23626 676 26 application application NN 23626 676 27 of of IN 23626 676 28 which which WDT 23626 676 29 heat heat VBP 23626 676 30 some some DT 23626 676 31 stones stone NNS 23626 676 32 lose lose VBP 23626 676 33 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 676 34 colour colour NN 23626 676 35 altogether altogether RB 23626 676 36 , , , 23626 676 37 others other NNS 23626 676 38 partly partly RB 23626 676 39 ; ; : 23626 676 40 others other NNS 23626 676 41 , , , 23626 676 42 which which WDT 23626 676 43 before before IN 23626 676 44 heating heating NN 23626 676 45 were be VBD 23626 676 46 somewhat somewhat RB 23626 676 47 transparent transparent JJ 23626 676 48 , , , 23626 676 49 become become VB 23626 676 50 clouded clouded JJ 23626 676 51 and and CC 23626 676 52 opaque opaque JJ 23626 676 53 ; ; : 23626 676 54 others other NNS 23626 676 55 suffer suffer VBP 23626 676 56 no no DT 23626 676 57 change change NN 23626 676 58 in in IN 23626 676 59 colour colour NN 23626 676 60 , , , 23626 676 61 whilst whilst IN 23626 676 62 some some DT 23626 676 63 are be VBP 23626 676 64 improved improve VBN 23626 676 65 . . . 23626 677 1 In in IN 23626 677 2 almost almost RB 23626 677 3 every every DT 23626 677 4 case case NN 23626 677 5 a a DT 23626 677 6 slight slight JJ 23626 677 7 fusion fusion NN 23626 677 8 is be VBZ 23626 677 9 seen see VBN 23626 677 10 on on IN 23626 677 11 the the DT 23626 677 12 sharp sharp JJ 23626 677 13 edges edge NNS 23626 677 14 of of IN 23626 677 15 fractures fracture NNS 23626 677 16 , , , 23626 677 17 which which WDT 23626 677 18 become become VBP 23626 677 19 smooth smooth JJ 23626 677 20 , , , 23626 677 21 lose lose VB 23626 677 22 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 677 23 sharpness sharpness NN 23626 677 24 , , , 23626 677 25 and and CC 23626 677 26 have have VB 23626 677 27 the the DT 23626 677 28 appearance appearance NN 23626 677 29 of of IN 23626 677 30 partly partly RB 23626 677 31 fused fuse VBN 23626 677 32 glass glass NN 23626 677 33 . . . 23626 678 1 The the DT 23626 678 2 hardness hardness NN 23626 678 3 varies vary VBZ 23626 678 4 from from IN 23626 678 5 7 7 CD 23626 678 6 - - SYM 23626 678 7 1/4 1/4 CD 23626 678 8 to to IN 23626 678 9 8 8 CD 23626 678 10 , , , 23626 678 11 the the DT 23626 678 12 crystals crystal NNS 23626 678 13 being be VBG 23626 678 14 very very RB 23626 678 15 brittle brittle JJ 23626 678 16 , , , 23626 678 17 breaking break VBG 23626 678 18 with with IN 23626 678 19 a a DT 23626 678 20 fracture fracture NN 23626 678 21 of of IN 23626 678 22 great great JJ 23626 678 23 unevenness unevenness NN 23626 678 24 . . . 23626 679 1 The the DT 23626 679 2 better well JJR 23626 679 3 varieties variety NNS 23626 679 4 are be VBP 23626 679 5 transparent transparent JJ 23626 679 6 , , , 23626 679 7 varying vary VBG 23626 679 8 from from IN 23626 679 9 that that DT 23626 679 10 to to TO 23626 679 11 translucent translucent VB 23626 679 12 , , , 23626 679 13 and and CC 23626 679 14 are be VBP 23626 679 15 called call VBN 23626 679 16 the the DT 23626 679 17 " " `` 23626 679 18 noble noble JJ 23626 679 19 " " '' 23626 679 20 beryls beryls NN 23626 679 21 . . . 23626 680 1 Transparent transparent JJ 23626 680 2 beryl beryl NN 23626 680 3 crystals crystal NNS 23626 680 4 are be VBP 23626 680 5 used use VBN 23626 680 6 by by IN 23626 680 7 fortune fortune NN 23626 680 8 - - HYPH 23626 680 9 tellers teller NNS 23626 680 10 as as IN 23626 680 11 " " `` 23626 680 12 gazing gaze VBG 23626 680 13 stones stone NNS 23626 680 14 , , , 23626 680 15 " " '' 23626 680 16 in in IN 23626 680 17 which which WDT 23626 680 18 they -PRON- PRP 23626 680 19 claim claim VBP 23626 680 20 to to TO 23626 680 21 see see VB 23626 680 22 visions vision NNS 23626 680 23 of of IN 23626 680 24 future future JJ 23626 680 25 events event NNS 23626 680 26 . . . 23626 681 1 _ _ NNP 23626 681 2 The the DT 23626 681 3 Emerald Emerald NNP 23626 681 4 . . . 23626 681 5 _ _ NNP 23626 681 6 Considering consider VBG 23626 681 7 the the DT 23626 681 8 particular particular JJ 23626 681 9 emerald emerald NN 23626 681 10 which which WDT 23626 681 11 is be VBZ 23626 681 12 a a DT 23626 681 13 variety variety NN 23626 681 14 of of IN 23626 681 15 beryl beryl NN 23626 681 16 -- -- : 23626 681 17 although although IN 23626 681 18 the the DT 23626 681 19 name name NN 23626 681 20 emerald emerald NN 23626 681 21 in in IN 23626 681 22 the the DT 23626 681 23 trade trade NN 23626 681 24 is be VBZ 23626 681 25 applied apply VBN 23626 681 26 somewhat somewhat RB 23626 681 27 loosely loosely RB 23626 681 28 to to IN 23626 681 29 any any DT 23626 681 30 stone stone NN 23626 681 31 which which WDT 23626 681 32 is be VBZ 23626 681 33 of of IN 23626 681 34 the the DT 23626 681 35 same same JJ 23626 681 36 colour colour NN 23626 681 37 , , , 23626 681 38 or or CC 23626 681 39 approaching approach VBG 23626 681 40 the the DT 23626 681 41 colour colour NN 23626 681 42 of of IN 23626 681 43 the the DT 23626 681 44 beryl beryl NN 23626 681 45 variety variety NN 23626 681 46 -- -- : 23626 681 47 this this DT 23626 681 48 emerald emerald NN 23626 681 49 only only RB 23626 681 50 differs differ VBZ 23626 681 51 chemically chemically RB 23626 681 52 from from IN 23626 681 53 the the DT 23626 681 54 beryl beryl NN 23626 681 55 , , , 23626 681 56 just just RB 23626 681 57 described describe VBN 23626 681 58 , , , 23626 681 59 in in IN 23626 681 60 possessing possess VBG 23626 681 61 an an DT 23626 681 62 addition addition NN 23626 681 63 of of IN 23626 681 64 oxide oxide NN 23626 681 65 of of IN 23626 681 66 chromium chromium NN 23626 681 67 . . . 23626 682 1 In in IN 23626 682 2 shape shape NN 23626 682 3 , , , 23626 682 4 crystallisation crystallisation NN 23626 682 5 , , , 23626 682 6 fracture fracture NN 23626 682 7 and and CC 23626 682 8 hardness hardness NN 23626 682 9 , , , 23626 682 10 it -PRON- PRP 23626 682 11 is be VBZ 23626 682 12 the the DT 23626 682 13 same same JJ 23626 682 14 , , , 23626 682 15 and and CC 23626 682 16 often often RB 23626 682 17 contains contain VBZ 23626 682 18 , , , 23626 682 19 in in IN 23626 682 20 addition addition NN 23626 682 21 to to IN 23626 682 22 the the DT 23626 682 23 chromium chromium NN 23626 682 24 , , , 23626 682 25 the the DT 23626 682 26 further further JJ 23626 682 27 addition addition NN 23626 682 28 of of IN 23626 682 29 traces trace NNS 23626 682 30 of of IN 23626 682 31 carbonate carbonate NN 23626 682 32 of of IN 23626 682 33 lime lime NN 23626 682 34 , , , 23626 682 35 magnesia magnesia NNP 23626 682 36 , , , 23626 682 37 and and CC 23626 682 38 occasionally occasionally RB 23626 682 39 faint faint JJ 23626 682 40 traces trace NNS 23626 682 41 of of IN 23626 682 42 hornblende hornblende NNP 23626 682 43 and and CC 23626 682 44 mica mica NNP 23626 682 45 , , , 23626 682 46 which which WDT 23626 682 47 evidently evidently RB 23626 682 48 result result VBP 23626 682 49 from from IN 23626 682 50 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 682 51 intimate intimate JJ 23626 682 52 association association NN 23626 682 53 with with IN 23626 682 54 the the DT 23626 682 55 granite granite NN 23626 682 56 rock rock NN 23626 682 57 and and CC 23626 682 58 gneiss gneiss NNP 23626 682 59 , , , 23626 682 60 amongst amongst IN 23626 682 61 which which WDT 23626 682 62 it -PRON- PRP 23626 682 63 is be VBZ 23626 682 64 mostly mostly RB 23626 682 65 found find VBN 23626 682 66 , , , 23626 682 67 the the DT 23626 682 68 latter latter JJ 23626 682 69 rocks rock NNS 23626 682 70 being be VBG 23626 682 71 of of IN 23626 682 72 a a DT 23626 682 73 slaty slaty NN 23626 682 74 nature nature NN 23626 682 75 , , , 23626 682 76 in in IN 23626 682 77 layers layer NNS 23626 682 78 or or CC 23626 682 79 plates plate NNS 23626 682 80 , , , 23626 682 81 and and CC 23626 682 82 , , , 23626 682 83 like like IN 23626 682 84 granite granite NN 23626 682 85 , , , 23626 682 86 containing contain VBG 23626 682 87 mica mica NNP 23626 682 88 , , , 23626 682 89 pyrites pyrite NNS 23626 682 90 , , , 23626 682 91 felspar felspar NNS 23626 682 92 , , , 23626 682 93 quartz quartz NN 23626 682 94 , , , 23626 682 95 etc etc FW 23626 682 96 . . . 23626 683 1 Emeralds emerald NNS 23626 683 2 have have VBP 23626 683 3 been be VBN 23626 683 4 known know VBN 23626 683 5 from from IN 23626 683 6 very very RB 23626 683 7 early early JJ 23626 683 8 times time NNS 23626 683 9 , , , 23626 683 10 and and CC 23626 683 11 are be VBP 23626 683 12 supposed suppose VBN 23626 683 13 to to TO 23626 683 14 have have VB 23626 683 15 been be VBN 23626 683 16 found find VBN 23626 683 17 first first RB 23626 683 18 in in IN 23626 683 19 the the DT 23626 683 20 mines mine NNS 23626 683 21 of of IN 23626 683 22 ancient ancient JJ 23626 683 23 Egypt Egypt NNP 23626 683 24 . . . 23626 684 1 They -PRON- PRP 23626 684 2 were be VBD 23626 684 3 considered consider VBN 23626 684 4 amongst amongst IN 23626 684 5 the the DT 23626 684 6 rarest rare JJS 23626 684 7 and and CC 23626 684 8 the the DT 23626 684 9 most most RBS 23626 684 10 costly costly JJ 23626 684 11 of of IN 23626 684 12 gems gem NNS 23626 684 13 , , , 23626 684 14 and and CC 23626 684 15 it -PRON- PRP 23626 684 16 was be VBD 23626 684 17 the the DT 23626 684 18 custom custom NN 23626 684 19 , , , 23626 684 20 when when WRB 23626 684 21 conferring confer VBG 23626 684 22 lavish lavish JJ 23626 684 23 honour honour NN 23626 684 24 , , , 23626 684 25 to to TO 23626 684 26 engrave engrave VB 23626 684 27 or or CC 23626 684 28 model model VB 23626 684 29 emeralds emerald NNS 23626 684 30 for for IN 23626 684 31 presentation presentation NN 23626 684 32 purposes purpose NNS 23626 684 33 . . . 23626 685 1 Thus thus RB 23626 685 2 we -PRON- PRP 23626 685 3 find find VBP 23626 685 4 Pliny Pliny NNP 23626 685 5 describes describe VBZ 23626 685 6 Ptolemy Ptolemy NNP 23626 685 7 giving give VBG 23626 685 8 Lucullus Lucullus NNP 23626 685 9 , , , 23626 685 10 on on IN 23626 685 11 his -PRON- PRP$ 23626 685 12 landing landing NN 23626 685 13 at at IN 23626 685 14 Alexandria Alexandria NNP 23626 685 15 , , , 23626 685 16 an an DT 23626 685 17 emerald emerald NN 23626 685 18 on on IN 23626 685 19 which which WDT 23626 685 20 was be VBD 23626 685 21 engraved engrave VBN 23626 685 22 his -PRON- PRP$ 23626 685 23 portrait portrait NN 23626 685 24 . . . 23626 686 1 Pliny Pliny NNP 23626 686 2 also also RB 23626 686 3 relates relate VBZ 23626 686 4 how how WRB 23626 686 5 the the DT 23626 686 6 short short JJ 23626 686 7 - - HYPH 23626 686 8 sighted sighted JJ 23626 686 9 Nero Nero NNP 23626 686 10 watched watch VBD 23626 686 11 the the DT 23626 686 12 fights fight NNS 23626 686 13 of of IN 23626 686 14 gladiators gladiator NNS 23626 686 15 through through IN 23626 686 16 an an DT 23626 686 17 eye eye NN 23626 686 18 - - HYPH 23626 686 19 glass glass NN 23626 686 20 made make VBN 23626 686 21 of of IN 23626 686 22 an an DT 23626 686 23 emerald emerald NN 23626 686 24 , , , 23626 686 25 and and CC 23626 686 26 in in IN 23626 686 27 ancient ancient JJ 23626 686 28 times time NNS 23626 686 29 , , , 23626 686 30 in in IN 23626 686 31 Rome Rome NNP 23626 686 32 , , , 23626 686 33 Greece Greece NNP 23626 686 34 , , , 23626 686 35 and and CC 23626 686 36 Egypt Egypt NNP 23626 686 37 , , , 23626 686 38 eye eye NN 23626 686 39 - - HYPH 23626 686 40 glasses glass NNS 23626 686 41 made make VBN 23626 686 42 of of IN 23626 686 43 emeralds emerald NNS 23626 686 44 were be VBD 23626 686 45 much much RB 23626 686 46 valued value VBN 23626 686 47 . . . 23626 687 1 Many many JJ 23626 687 2 of of IN 23626 687 3 these these DT 23626 687 4 , , , 23626 687 5 as as RB 23626 687 6 well well RB 23626 687 7 as as IN 23626 687 8 engraved engrave VBN 23626 687 9 and and CC 23626 687 10 carved carve VBN 23626 687 11 emeralds emerald NNS 23626 687 12 , , , 23626 687 13 have have VBP 23626 687 14 been be VBN 23626 687 15 discovered discover VBN 23626 687 16 in in IN 23626 687 17 ruins ruin NNS 23626 687 18 and and CC 23626 687 19 tombs tomb NNS 23626 687 20 of of IN 23626 687 21 those those DT 23626 687 22 periods period NNS 23626 687 23 . . . 23626 688 1 The the DT 23626 688 2 copper copper NN 23626 688 3 emerald emerald NN 23626 688 4 is be VBZ 23626 688 5 rare rare JJ 23626 688 6 ; ; : 23626 688 7 it -PRON- PRP 23626 688 8 is be VBZ 23626 688 9 a a DT 23626 688 10 hydrous hydrous JJ 23626 688 11 form form NN 23626 688 12 of of IN 23626 688 13 copper copper NN 23626 688 14 silicate silicate NN 23626 688 15 , , , 23626 688 16 CuOSiO_{2 cuosio_{2 ADD 23626 688 17 } } -RRB- 23626 688 18 + + CC 23626 688 19 H_{2}O h_{2}o NN 23626 688 20 , , , 23626 688 21 of of IN 23626 688 22 a a DT 23626 688 23 beautiful beautiful JJ 23626 688 24 emerald emerald NN 23626 688 25 green green JJ 23626 688 26 , , , 23626 688 27 varying vary VBG 23626 688 28 from from IN 23626 688 29 transparent transparent NN 23626 688 30 to to TO 23626 688 31 translucent translucent VB 23626 688 32 . . . 23626 689 1 It -PRON- PRP 23626 689 2 exhibits exhibit VBZ 23626 689 3 double double JJ 23626 689 4 refraction refraction NN 23626 689 5 , , , 23626 689 6 and and CC 23626 689 7 is be VBZ 23626 689 8 a a DT 23626 689 9 crystallised crystallised JJ 23626 689 10 mineral mineral NN 23626 689 11 , , , 23626 689 12 brittle brittle JJ 23626 689 13 , , , 23626 689 14 and and CC 23626 689 15 showing show VBG 23626 689 16 a a DT 23626 689 17 green green JJ 23626 689 18 streak streak NN 23626 689 19 . . . 23626 690 1 This this DT 23626 690 2 is be VBZ 23626 690 3 less less RBR 23626 690 4 hard hard JJ 23626 690 5 than than IN 23626 690 6 the the DT 23626 690 7 real real JJ 23626 690 8 emerald emerald NN 23626 690 9 , , , 23626 690 10 is be VBZ 23626 690 11 heavier heavy JJR 23626 690 12 , , , 23626 690 13 deeper deep JJR 23626 690 14 in in IN 23626 690 15 colour colour NN 23626 690 16 , , , 23626 690 17 and and CC 23626 690 18 is be VBZ 23626 690 19 usually usually RB 23626 690 20 found find VBN 23626 690 21 in in IN 23626 690 22 crystals crystal NNS 23626 690 23 , , , 23626 690 24 in in IN 23626 690 25 cavities cavity NNS 23626 690 26 of of IN 23626 690 27 a a DT 23626 690 28 particular particular JJ 23626 690 29 kind kind NN 23626 690 30 of of IN 23626 690 31 limestone limestone NN 23626 690 32 which which WDT 23626 690 33 exists exist VBZ 23626 690 34 at at IN 23626 690 35 Altyn Altyn NNP 23626 690 36 - - HYPH 23626 690 37 Tübe Tübe NNP 23626 690 38 , , , 23626 690 39 a a DT 23626 690 40 hill hill NN 23626 690 41 in in IN 23626 690 42 the the DT 23626 690 43 Altai Altai NNP 23626 690 44 Mountains Mountains NNPS 23626 690 45 , , , 23626 690 46 in in IN 23626 690 47 the the DT 23626 690 48 Urals Urals NNPS 23626 690 49 , , , 23626 690 50 and and CC 23626 690 51 in in IN 23626 690 52 North North NNP 23626 690 53 and and CC 23626 690 54 Central Central NNP 23626 690 55 America America NNP 23626 690 56 . . . 23626 691 1 _ _ NNP 23626 691 2 The the DT 23626 691 3 Tourmaline Tourmaline NNP 23626 691 4 . . . 23626 691 5 _ _ NNP 23626 691 6 The the DT 23626 691 7 tourmaline tourmaline NN 23626 691 8 is be VBZ 23626 691 9 a a DT 23626 691 10 most most RBS 23626 691 11 complex complex JJ 23626 691 12 substance substance NN 23626 691 13 ; ; : 23626 691 14 almost almost RB 23626 691 15 every every DT 23626 691 16 stone stone NN 23626 691 17 obtained obtain VBD 23626 691 18 has have VBZ 23626 691 19 a a DT 23626 691 20 different different JJ 23626 691 21 composition composition NN 23626 691 22 , , , 23626 691 23 some some DT 23626 691 24 varying varying NN 23626 691 25 but but CC 23626 691 26 slightly slightly RB 23626 691 27 , , , 23626 691 28 with with IN 23626 691 29 mere mere JJ 23626 691 30 traces trace NNS 23626 691 31 of of IN 23626 691 32 certain certain JJ 23626 691 33 constituents constituent NNS 23626 691 34 which which WDT 23626 691 35 other other JJ 23626 691 36 stones stone NNS 23626 691 37 possess possess VBP 23626 691 38 in in IN 23626 691 39 a a DT 23626 691 40 perceptible perceptible JJ 23626 691 41 degree degree NN 23626 691 42 . . . 23626 692 1 Consequently consequently RB 23626 692 2 , , , 23626 692 3 it -PRON- PRP 23626 692 4 is be VBZ 23626 692 5 not not RB 23626 692 6 possible possible JJ 23626 692 7 to to TO 23626 692 8 give give VB 23626 692 9 the the DT 23626 692 10 chemical chemical NN 23626 692 11 formula formula NN 23626 692 12 , , , 23626 692 13 which which WDT 23626 692 14 might may MD 23626 692 15 , , , 23626 692 16 and and CC 23626 692 17 possibly possibly RB 23626 692 18 would would MD 23626 692 19 , , , 23626 692 20 be be VB 23626 692 21 found find VBN 23626 692 22 but but CC 23626 692 23 seldom seldom RB 23626 692 24 , , , 23626 692 25 even even RB 23626 692 26 in in IN 23626 692 27 analyses analysis NNS 23626 692 28 of of IN 23626 692 29 many many JJ 23626 692 30 specimens specimen NNS 23626 692 31 . . . 23626 693 1 It -PRON- PRP 23626 693 2 will will MD 23626 693 3 therefore therefore RB 23626 693 4 be be VB 23626 693 5 sufficient sufficient JJ 23626 693 6 to to TO 23626 693 7 state state VB 23626 693 8 the the DT 23626 693 9 average average JJ 23626 693 10 composition composition NN 23626 693 11 , , , 23626 693 12 which which WDT 23626 693 13 is:--ferrous is:--ferrous JJ 23626 693 14 oxide oxide NN 23626 693 15 , , , 23626 693 16 manganous manganous JJ 23626 693 17 oxide oxide NN 23626 693 18 , , , 23626 693 19 potash potash NN 23626 693 20 , , , 23626 693 21 lime lime NN 23626 693 22 , , , 23626 693 23 boracic boracic NNP 23626 693 24 acid acid NNP 23626 693 25 , , , 23626 693 26 magnesia magnesia NNP 23626 693 27 , , , 23626 693 28 soda soda NNP 23626 693 29 , , , 23626 693 30 lithia lithia NNP 23626 693 31 , , , 23626 693 32 and and CC 23626 693 33 water water NN 23626 693 34 . . . 23626 694 1 These these DT 23626 694 2 form form NN 23626 694 3 , , , 23626 694 4 roughly roughly RB 23626 694 5 speaking speak VBG 23626 694 6 , , , 23626 694 7 25 25 CD 23626 694 8 per per NN 23626 694 9 cent cent NN 23626 694 10 . . . 23626 695 1 of of IN 23626 695 2 the the DT 23626 695 3 bulk bulk NN 23626 695 4 , , , 23626 695 5 the the DT 23626 695 6 remainder remainder NN 23626 695 7 being be VBG 23626 695 8 oxide oxide NN 23626 695 9 of of IN 23626 695 10 silicon silicon NN 23626 695 11 and and CC 23626 695 12 oxide oxide NN 23626 695 13 of of IN 23626 695 14 aluminium aluminium NN 23626 695 15 in in IN 23626 695 16 about about RB 23626 695 17 equal equal JJ 23626 695 18 parts part NNS 23626 695 19 . . . 23626 696 1 It -PRON- PRP 23626 696 2 crystallises crystallise VBZ 23626 696 3 in in IN 23626 696 4 the the DT 23626 696 5 2nd 2nd JJ 23626 696 6 ( ( -LRB- 23626 696 7 hexagonal hexagonal NNP 23626 696 8 ) ) -RRB- 23626 696 9 system system NN 23626 696 10 , , , 23626 696 11 with with IN 23626 696 12 difficult difficult JJ 23626 696 13 cleavage cleavage NN 23626 696 14 and and CC 23626 696 15 vitreous vitreous JJ 23626 696 16 lustre lustre NN 23626 696 17 . . . 23626 697 1 It -PRON- PRP 23626 697 2 will will MD 23626 697 3 naturally naturally RB 23626 697 4 be be VB 23626 697 5 expected expect VBN 23626 697 6 that that IN 23626 697 7 a a DT 23626 697 8 substance substance NN 23626 697 9 of of IN 23626 697 10 such such JJ 23626 697 11 complexity complexity NN 23626 697 12 and and CC 23626 697 13 variety variety NN 23626 697 14 of of IN 23626 697 15 composition composition NN 23626 697 16 must must MD 23626 697 17 necessarily necessarily RB 23626 697 18 have have VB 23626 697 19 a a DT 23626 697 20 corresponding corresponding JJ 23626 697 21 variety variety NN 23626 697 22 of of IN 23626 697 23 colour colour NN 23626 697 24 ; ; : 23626 697 25 thus thus RB 23626 697 26 we -PRON- PRP 23626 697 27 find find VBP 23626 697 28 in in IN 23626 697 29 this this DT 23626 697 30 , , , 23626 697 31 as as IN 23626 697 32 in in IN 23626 697 33 the the DT 23626 697 34 corundum corundum NN 23626 697 35 , , , 23626 697 36 a a DT 23626 697 37 wonderful wonderful JJ 23626 697 38 range range NN 23626 697 39 of of IN 23626 697 40 tints tint NNS 23626 697 41 . . . 23626 698 1 The the DT 23626 698 2 common common JJ 23626 698 3 is be VBZ 23626 698 4 the the DT 23626 698 5 black black NN 23626 698 6 , , , 23626 698 7 which which WDT 23626 698 8 is be VBZ 23626 698 9 not not RB 23626 698 10 used use VBN 23626 698 11 as as IN 23626 698 12 a a DT 23626 698 13 gem gem NN 23626 698 14 . . . 23626 699 1 Next next RB 23626 699 2 come come VB 23626 699 3 the the DT 23626 699 4 colourless colourless JJ 23626 699 5 specimens specimen NNS 23626 699 6 , , , 23626 699 7 which which WDT 23626 699 8 are be VBP 23626 699 9 not not RB 23626 699 10 often often RB 23626 699 11 cut cut VBN 23626 699 12 and and CC 23626 699 13 polished polished JJ 23626 699 14 , , , 23626 699 15 whereas whereas IN 23626 699 16 all all PDT 23626 699 17 the the DT 23626 699 18 transparent transparent JJ 23626 699 19 and and CC 23626 699 20 coloured coloured JJ 23626 699 21 varieties variety NNS 23626 699 22 are be VBP 23626 699 23 in in IN 23626 699 24 great great JJ 23626 699 25 demand demand NN 23626 699 26 . . . 23626 700 1 To to TO 23626 700 2 describe describe VB 23626 700 3 adequately adequately RB 23626 700 4 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 700 5 characteristics characteristic NNS 23626 700 6 with with IN 23626 700 7 relation relation NN 23626 700 8 to to IN 23626 700 9 light light NN 23626 700 10 would would MD 23626 700 11 alone alone RB 23626 700 12 require require VB 23626 700 13 the the DT 23626 700 14 space space NN 23626 700 15 of of IN 23626 700 16 a a DT 23626 700 17 complete complete JJ 23626 700 18 volume volume NN 23626 700 19 , , , 23626 700 20 and and CC 23626 700 21 the the DT 23626 700 22 reader reader NN 23626 700 23 is be VBZ 23626 700 24 referred refer VBN 23626 700 25 to to IN 23626 700 26 the the DT 23626 700 27 many many JJ 23626 700 28 excellent excellent JJ 23626 700 29 works work NNS 23626 700 30 on on IN 23626 700 31 physics physics NN 23626 700 32 ( ( -LRB- 23626 700 33 optics optic NNS 23626 700 34 ) ) -RRB- 23626 700 35 which which WDT 23626 700 36 are be VBP 23626 700 37 obtainable obtainable JJ 23626 700 38 . . . 23626 701 1 This this DT 23626 701 2 stone stone NN 23626 701 3 is be VBZ 23626 701 4 doubly doubly RB 23626 701 5 refracting refract VBG 23626 701 6 , , , 23626 701 7 exhibiting exhibit VBG 23626 701 8 extremely extremely RB 23626 701 9 strong strong JJ 23626 701 10 dichroism dichroism NN 23626 701 11 , , , 23626 701 12 especially especially RB 23626 701 13 in in IN 23626 701 14 the the DT 23626 701 15 blue blue NN 23626 701 16 and and CC 23626 701 17 the the DT 23626 701 18 green green JJ 23626 701 19 varieties variety NNS 23626 701 20 . . . 23626 702 1 It -PRON- PRP 23626 702 2 polarises polarise VBZ 23626 702 3 light light JJ 23626 702 4 , , , 23626 702 5 and and CC 23626 702 6 when when WRB 23626 702 7 viewed view VBN 23626 702 8 with with IN 23626 702 9 the the DT 23626 702 10 dichroscope dichroscope NN 23626 702 11 shows show VBZ 23626 702 12 a a DT 23626 702 13 remarkable remarkable JJ 23626 702 14 variety variety NN 23626 702 15 of of IN 23626 702 16 twin twin JJ 23626 702 17 colours colour NNS 23626 702 18 . . . 23626 703 1 It -PRON- PRP 23626 703 2 will will MD 23626 703 3 be be VB 23626 703 4 remembered remember VBN 23626 703 5 that that IN 23626 703 6 in in IN 23626 703 7 Hogarth Hogarth NNP 23626 703 8 's 's POS 23626 703 9 " " `` 23626 703 10 Rake Rake NNP 23626 703 11 's 's POS 23626 703 12 Progress Progress NNP 23626 703 13 , , , 23626 703 14 " " '' 23626 703 15 the the DT 23626 703 16 youth youth NN 23626 703 17 is be VBZ 23626 703 18 too too RB 23626 703 19 engrossed engross VBN 23626 703 20 in in IN 23626 703 21 the the DT 23626 703 22 changing change VBG 23626 703 23 wonders wonder NNS 23626 703 24 of of IN 23626 703 25 a a DT 23626 703 26 tourmaline tourmaline NN 23626 703 27 to to TO 23626 703 28 notice notice VB 23626 703 29 the the DT 23626 703 30 entrance entrance NN 23626 703 31 of of IN 23626 703 32 the the DT 23626 703 33 officers officer NNS 23626 703 34 come come VBP 23626 703 35 to to TO 23626 703 36 arrest arrest VB 23626 703 37 him -PRON- PRP 23626 703 38 . . . 23626 704 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 23626 704 2 XV XV NNP 23626 704 3 . . . 23626 705 1 VARIOUS VARIOUS NNP 23626 705 2 PRECIOUS PRECIOUS NNP 23626 705 3 STONES--_continued STONES--_continued NNP 23626 705 4 _ _ NNP 23626 705 5 . . . 23626 706 1 _ _ NNP 23626 706 2 Zircon Zircon NNP 23626 706 3 . . . 23626 706 4 _ _ NNP 23626 706 5 Zircon Zircon NNP 23626 706 6 appears appear VBZ 23626 706 7 to to TO 23626 706 8 have have VB 23626 706 9 been be VBN 23626 706 10 first first RB 23626 706 11 discovered discover VBN 23626 706 12 by by IN 23626 706 13 Klaproth Klaproth NNP 23626 706 14 in in IN 23626 706 15 1789 1789 CD 23626 706 16 , , , 23626 706 17 in in IN 23626 706 18 the the DT 23626 706 19 form form NN 23626 706 20 of of IN 23626 706 21 an an DT 23626 706 22 earth earth NN 23626 706 23 , , , 23626 706 24 and and CC 23626 706 25 six six CD 23626 706 26 years year NNS 23626 706 27 later later RBR 23626 706 28 he -PRON- PRP 23626 706 29 found find VBD 23626 706 30 that that IN 23626 706 31 the the DT 23626 706 32 stone stone NN 23626 706 33 hyacinth hyacinth NN 23626 706 34 contained contain VBD 23626 706 35 a a DT 23626 706 36 similar similar JJ 23626 706 37 substance substance NN 23626 706 38 , , , 23626 706 39 both both DT 23626 706 40 having have VBG 23626 706 41 the the DT 23626 706 42 formula formula NN 23626 706 43 , , , 23626 706 44 ZrSiO_{4 zrsio_{4 XX 23626 706 45 } } -RRB- 23626 706 46 , , , 23626 706 47 and and CC 23626 706 48 both both DT 23626 706 49 having have VBG 23626 706 50 as as IN 23626 706 51 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 706 52 colouring colour VBG 23626 706 53 agent agent NN 23626 706 54 ferric ferric JJ 23626 706 55 oxide oxide NN 23626 706 56 . . . 23626 707 1 There there EX 23626 707 2 are be VBP 23626 707 3 several several JJ 23626 707 4 methods method NNS 23626 707 5 of of IN 23626 707 6 obtaining obtain VBG 23626 707 7 the the DT 23626 707 8 metallic metallic JJ 23626 707 9 element element NN 23626 707 10 , , , 23626 707 11 zirconium zirconium NN 23626 707 12 ; ; : 23626 707 13 it -PRON- PRP 23626 707 14 is be VBZ 23626 707 15 however however RB 23626 707 16 with with IN 23626 707 17 the the DT 23626 707 18 silicate silicate NN 23626 707 19 of of IN 23626 707 20 zirconium zirconium NN 23626 707 21 that that WDT 23626 707 22 we -PRON- PRP 23626 707 23 have have VBP 23626 707 24 to to TO 23626 707 25 deal deal VB 23626 707 26 at at IN 23626 707 27 the the DT 23626 707 28 moment moment NN 23626 707 29 . . . 23626 708 1 This this DT 23626 708 2 is be VBZ 23626 708 3 called call VBN 23626 708 4 zircon zircon NNP 23626 708 5 , , , 23626 708 6 ZrSiO_{4 zrsio_{4 XX 23626 708 7 } } -RRB- 23626 708 8 , , , 23626 708 9 or or CC 23626 708 10 hyacinth hyacinth JJ 23626 708 11 when when WRB 23626 708 12 transparent transparent JJ 23626 708 13 or or CC 23626 708 14 red red NN 23626 708 15 , , , 23626 708 16 but but CC 23626 708 17 when when WRB 23626 708 18 smoke smoke NN 23626 708 19 - - HYPH 23626 708 20 coloured colour VBN 23626 708 21 , , , 23626 708 22 or or CC 23626 708 23 colourless colourless JJ 23626 708 24 , , , 23626 708 25 it -PRON- PRP 23626 708 26 is be VBZ 23626 708 27 the the DT 23626 708 28 jargoon jargoon NN 23626 708 29 , , , 23626 708 30 or or CC 23626 708 31 jarcon jarcon NNP 23626 708 32 , , , 23626 708 33 and and CC 23626 708 34 is be VBZ 23626 708 35 found find VBN 23626 708 36 in in IN 23626 708 37 silt silt NN 23626 708 38 and and CC 23626 708 39 alluvial alluvial JJ 23626 708 40 soils soil NNS 23626 708 41 , , , 23626 708 42 limestone limestone NN 23626 708 43 , , , 23626 708 44 gneiss gneiss NNP 23626 708 45 , , , 23626 708 46 and and CC 23626 708 47 various various JJ 23626 708 48 forms form NNS 23626 708 49 of of IN 23626 708 50 schist schist NN 23626 708 51 , , , 23626 708 52 in in IN 23626 708 53 India India NNP 23626 708 54 , , , 23626 708 55 Australia Australia NNP 23626 708 56 , , , 23626 708 57 the the DT 23626 708 58 Urals Urals NNPS 23626 708 59 , , , 23626 708 60 and and CC 23626 708 61 certain certain JJ 23626 708 62 parts part NNS 23626 708 63 of of IN 23626 708 64 America America NNP 23626 708 65 . . . 23626 709 1 It -PRON- PRP 23626 709 2 is be VBZ 23626 709 3 often often RB 23626 709 4 combined combine VBN 23626 709 5 with with IN 23626 709 6 and and CC 23626 709 7 found find VBN 23626 709 8 in in IN 23626 709 9 juxtaposition juxtaposition NN 23626 709 10 to to IN 23626 709 11 gold gold NN 23626 709 12 and and CC 23626 709 13 certain certain JJ 23626 709 14 varieties variety NNS 23626 709 15 of of IN 23626 709 16 precious precious JJ 23626 709 17 stones stone NNS 23626 709 18 . . . 23626 710 1 The the DT 23626 710 2 lines line NNS 23626 710 3 of of IN 23626 710 4 cleavage cleavage NN 23626 710 5 are be VBP 23626 710 6 parallel parallel JJ 23626 710 7 to to IN 23626 710 8 the the DT 23626 710 9 sides side NNS 23626 710 10 of of IN 23626 710 11 the the DT 23626 710 12 prism prism NN 23626 710 13 , , , 23626 710 14 and and CC 23626 710 15 the the DT 23626 710 16 crystals crystal NNS 23626 710 17 have have VBP 23626 710 18 an an DT 23626 710 19 adamantine adamantine NN 23626 710 20 , , , 23626 710 21 or or CC 23626 710 22 diamond diamond NNP 23626 710 23 lustre lustre NNP 23626 710 24 , , , 23626 710 25 varying vary VBG 23626 710 26 from from IN 23626 710 27 the the DT 23626 710 28 completely completely RB 23626 710 29 opaque opaque JJ 23626 710 30 to to IN 23626 710 31 the the DT 23626 710 32 transparent transparent NN 23626 710 33 . . . 23626 711 1 In in IN 23626 711 2 some some DT 23626 711 3 varieties variety NNS 23626 711 4 the the DT 23626 711 5 oxide oxide NN 23626 711 6 of of IN 23626 711 7 uranium uranium NN 23626 711 8 is be VBZ 23626 711 9 also also RB 23626 711 10 present present JJ 23626 711 11 in in IN 23626 711 12 traces trace NNS 23626 711 13 . . . 23626 712 1 It -PRON- PRP 23626 712 2 crystallises crystallise VBZ 23626 712 3 in in IN 23626 712 4 the the DT 23626 712 5 3rd 3rd JJ 23626 712 6 ( ( -LRB- 23626 712 7 tetragonal tetragonal JJ 23626 712 8 ) ) -RRB- 23626 712 9 system system NN 23626 712 10 , , , 23626 712 11 with with IN 23626 712 12 indistinct indistinct JJ 23626 712 13 cleavage cleavage NN 23626 712 14 . . . 23626 713 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 713 2 specific specific JJ 23626 713 3 gravity gravity NN 23626 713 4 varies vary VBZ 23626 713 5 from from IN 23626 713 6 4.70 4.70 CD 23626 713 7 to to IN 23626 713 8 4.88 4.88 CD 23626 713 9 , , , 23626 713 10 according accord VBG 23626 713 11 to to IN 23626 713 12 the the DT 23626 713 13 specimen speciman NNS 23626 713 14 and and CC 23626 713 15 the the DT 23626 713 16 locality locality NN 23626 713 17 . . . 23626 714 1 This this DT 23626 714 2 stone stone NN 23626 714 3 , , , 23626 714 4 like like IN 23626 714 5 some some DT 23626 714 6 of of IN 23626 714 7 the the DT 23626 714 8 others other NNS 23626 714 9 described describe VBN 23626 714 10 , , , 23626 714 11 has have VBZ 23626 714 12 a a DT 23626 714 13 very very RB 23626 714 14 wide wide JJ 23626 714 15 range range NN 23626 714 16 of of IN 23626 714 17 colour colour NN 23626 714 18 , , , 23626 714 19 going go VBG 23626 714 20 through through IN 23626 714 21 reds red NNS 23626 714 22 , , , 23626 714 23 browns brown NNS 23626 714 24 , , , 23626 714 25 greens greens NNP 23626 714 26 , , , 23626 714 27 yellows yellow NNS 23626 714 28 , , , 23626 714 29 oranges orange NNS 23626 714 30 , , , 23626 714 31 whites white NNS 23626 714 32 , , , 23626 714 33 greys grey NNS 23626 714 34 , , , 23626 714 35 blues blue NNS 23626 714 36 from from IN 23626 714 37 light light NN 23626 714 38 to to IN 23626 714 39 indigo indigo NNS 23626 714 40 , , , 23626 714 41 notwithstanding notwithstanding IN 23626 714 42 which which WDT 23626 714 43 it -PRON- PRP 23626 714 44 is be VBZ 23626 714 45 somewhat somewhat RB 23626 714 46 difficult difficult JJ 23626 714 47 to to TO 23626 714 48 imitate imitate VB 23626 714 49 scientifically scientifically RB 23626 714 50 , , , 23626 714 51 though though IN 23626 714 52 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 714 53 composition composition NN 23626 714 54 of of IN 23626 714 55 33 33 CD 23626 714 56 per per NN 23626 714 57 cent cent NN 23626 714 58 . . . 23626 715 1 of of IN 23626 715 2 silica silica NNP 23626 715 3 with with IN 23626 715 4 67 67 CD 23626 715 5 per per NN 23626 715 6 cent cent NN 23626 715 7 . . . 23626 716 1 of of IN 23626 716 2 zirconia zirconia NNP 23626 716 3 ( ( -LRB- 23626 716 4 the the DT 23626 716 5 oxide oxide NN 23626 716 6 of of IN 23626 716 7 zirconium zirconium NN 23626 716 8 ) ) -RRB- 23626 716 9 , , , 23626 716 10 is be VBZ 23626 716 11 practically practically RB 23626 716 12 all all DT 23626 716 13 it -PRON- PRP 23626 716 14 contains contain VBZ 23626 716 15 , , , 23626 716 16 apart apart RB 23626 716 17 from from IN 23626 716 18 the the DT 23626 716 19 colouring colour VBG 23626 716 20 matter matter NN 23626 716 21 , , , 23626 716 22 such such JJ 23626 716 23 as as IN 23626 716 24 the the DT 23626 716 25 metallic metallic JJ 23626 716 26 oxides oxide NNS 23626 716 27 of of IN 23626 716 28 iron iron NN 23626 716 29 , , , 23626 716 30 uranium uranium NN 23626 716 31 , , , 23626 716 32 etc etc FW 23626 716 33 . . . 23626 717 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 717 2 hardness hardness NN 23626 717 3 is be VBZ 23626 717 4 7 7 CD 23626 717 5 - - SYM 23626 717 6 1/2 1/2 CD 23626 717 7 , , , 23626 717 8 consequently consequently RB 23626 717 9 it -PRON- PRP 23626 717 10 is be VBZ 23626 717 11 untouched untouched JJ 23626 717 12 by by IN 23626 717 13 a a DT 23626 717 14 file file NN 23626 717 15 , , , 23626 717 16 and and CC 23626 717 17 so so RB 23626 717 18 far far RB 23626 717 19 , , , 23626 717 20 if if IN 23626 717 21 one one CD 23626 717 22 or or CC 23626 717 23 perhaps perhaps RB 23626 717 24 two two CD 23626 717 25 of of IN 23626 717 26 the the DT 23626 717 27 three three CD 23626 717 28 qualities quality NNS 23626 717 29 of of IN 23626 717 30 colour colour NN 23626 717 31 , , , 23626 717 32 hardness hardness NN 23626 717 33 , , , 23626 717 34 and and CC 23626 717 35 specific specific JJ 23626 717 36 gravity gravity NN 23626 717 37 , , , 23626 717 38 are be VBP 23626 717 39 obtained obtain VBN 23626 717 40 in in IN 23626 717 41 a a DT 23626 717 42 chemically chemically RB 23626 717 43 made make VBN 23626 717 44 zircon zircon NN 23626 717 45 , , , 23626 717 46 the the DT 23626 717 47 third third JJ 23626 717 48 is be VBZ 23626 717 49 wanting want VBG 23626 717 50 . . . 23626 718 1 Under under IN 23626 718 2 the the DT 23626 718 3 blowpipe blowpipe NN 23626 718 4 , , , 23626 718 5 zircons zircon NNS 23626 718 6 are be VBP 23626 718 7 infusible infusible JJ 23626 718 8 , , , 23626 718 9 but but CC 23626 718 10 the the DT 23626 718 11 coloured coloured JJ 23626 718 12 stones stone NNS 23626 718 13 when when WRB 23626 718 14 heated heat VBN 23626 718 15 strongly strongly RB 23626 718 16 become become VB 23626 718 17 heavier heavy JJR 23626 718 18 , , , 23626 718 19 and and CC 23626 718 20 as as IN 23626 718 21 they -PRON- PRP 23626 718 22 are be VBP 23626 718 23 contracting contract VBG 23626 718 24 , , , 23626 718 25 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 718 26 colour colour NN 23626 718 27 fades fade NNS 23626 718 28 , , , 23626 718 29 sometimes sometimes RB 23626 718 30 entirely entirely RB 23626 718 31 , , , 23626 718 32 which which WDT 23626 718 33 changes change NNS 23626 718 34 are be VBP 23626 718 35 permanent permanent JJ 23626 718 36 , , , 23626 718 37 so so IN 23626 718 38 that that IN 23626 718 39 as as IN 23626 718 40 they -PRON- PRP 23626 718 41 possess possess VBP 23626 718 42 the the DT 23626 718 43 adamantine adamantine NNP 23626 718 44 lustre lustre NN 23626 718 45 , , , 23626 718 46 they -PRON- PRP 23626 718 47 are be VBP 23626 718 48 occasionally occasionally RB 23626 718 49 cut cut VBN 23626 718 50 like like IN 23626 718 51 a a DT 23626 718 52 diamond diamond NN 23626 718 53 , , , 23626 718 54 and and CC 23626 718 55 used use VBD 23626 718 56 as as IN 23626 718 57 such such JJ 23626 718 58 , , , 23626 718 59 though though IN 23626 718 60 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 718 61 deficiency deficiency NN 23626 718 62 in in IN 23626 718 63 fire fire NN 23626 718 64 and and CC 23626 718 65 hardness hardness NN 23626 718 66 , , , 23626 718 67 and and CC 23626 718 68 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 718 69 high high JJ 23626 718 70 specific specific JJ 23626 718 71 gravity gravity NN 23626 718 72 , , , 23626 718 73 make make VB 23626 718 74 them -PRON- PRP 23626 718 75 readily readily RB 23626 718 76 distinguishable distinguishable JJ 23626 718 77 from from IN 23626 718 78 the the DT 23626 718 79 diamond diamond NN 23626 718 80 . . . 23626 719 1 On on IN 23626 719 2 exposure exposure NN 23626 719 3 to to TO 23626 719 4 light light VB 23626 719 5 the the DT 23626 719 6 coloured coloured JJ 23626 719 7 zircon zircon NN 23626 719 8 becomes become VBZ 23626 719 9 more more RBR 23626 719 10 or or CC 23626 719 11 less less RBR 23626 719 12 decoloured decoloured JJ 23626 719 13 ; ; : 23626 719 14 especially especially RB 23626 719 15 is be VBZ 23626 719 16 this this DT 23626 719 17 so so RB 23626 719 18 in in IN 23626 719 19 sunlight sunlight NN 23626 719 20 , , , 23626 719 21 for for IN 23626 719 22 when when WRB 23626 719 23 the the DT 23626 719 24 direct direct JJ 23626 719 25 rays ray NNS 23626 719 26 of of IN 23626 719 27 the the DT 23626 719 28 sun sun NN 23626 719 29 fall fall VBP 23626 719 30 upon upon IN 23626 719 31 it -PRON- PRP 23626 719 32 , , , 23626 719 33 the the DT 23626 719 34 colours colour NNS 23626 719 35 fade fade NN 23626 719 36 , , , 23626 719 37 and and CC 23626 719 38 for for IN 23626 719 39 a a DT 23626 719 40 moment moment NN 23626 719 41 or or CC 23626 719 42 two two CD 23626 719 43 occasional occasional JJ 23626 719 44 phosphorescence phosphorescence NN 23626 719 45 follows follow VBZ 23626 719 46 , , , 23626 719 47 as as IN 23626 719 48 is be VBZ 23626 719 49 the the DT 23626 719 50 case case NN 23626 719 51 when when WRB 23626 719 52 the the DT 23626 719 53 stone stone NN 23626 719 54 is be VBZ 23626 719 55 warmed warm VBN 23626 719 56 or or CC 23626 719 57 heated heat VBN 23626 719 58 in in IN 23626 719 59 a a DT 23626 719 60 dark dark JJ 23626 719 61 room room NN 23626 719 62 . . . 23626 720 1 The the DT 23626 720 2 stone stone NN 23626 720 3 appears appear VBZ 23626 720 4 to to TO 23626 720 5 be be VB 23626 720 6 very very RB 23626 720 7 susceptible susceptible JJ 23626 720 8 to to IN 23626 720 9 brilliant brilliant JJ 23626 720 10 light light NN 23626 720 11 - - HYPH 23626 720 12 rays ray NNS 23626 720 13 , , , 23626 720 14 and and CC 23626 720 15 in in IN 23626 720 16 certain certain JJ 23626 720 17 specimens specimen NNS 23626 720 18 which which WDT 23626 720 19 were be VBD 23626 720 20 split split VBN 23626 720 21 for for IN 23626 720 22 testing testing NN 23626 720 23 , , , 23626 720 24 one one CD 23626 720 25 half half NN 23626 720 26 of of IN 23626 720 27 each each DT 23626 720 28 being be VBG 23626 720 29 kept keep VBD 23626 720 30 excluded exclude VBN 23626 720 31 from from IN 23626 720 32 light light NN 23626 720 33 for for IN 23626 720 34 purposes purpose NNS 23626 720 35 of of IN 23626 720 36 comparison comparison NN 23626 720 37 , , , 23626 720 38 it -PRON- PRP 23626 720 39 was be VBD 23626 720 40 found find VBN 23626 720 41 that that IN 23626 720 42 sunshine sunshine NN 23626 720 43 affected affect VBD 23626 720 44 them -PRON- PRP 23626 720 45 most most RBS 23626 720 46 ; ; : 23626 720 47 then then RB 23626 720 48 brilliant brilliant JJ 23626 720 49 acetylene acetylene NN 23626 720 50 gas gas NN 23626 720 51 , , , 23626 720 52 which which WDT 23626 720 53 was be VBD 23626 720 54 more more RBR 23626 720 55 effective effective JJ 23626 720 56 still still RB 23626 720 57 when when WRB 23626 720 58 tinted tint VBN 23626 720 59 yellow yellow JJ 23626 720 60 by by IN 23626 720 61 being be VBG 23626 720 62 passed pass VBN 23626 720 63 through through IN 23626 720 64 yellow yellow JJ 23626 720 65 glass glass NN 23626 720 66 . . . 23626 721 1 The the DT 23626 721 2 electric electric JJ 23626 721 3 arc arc NN 23626 721 4 was be VBD 23626 721 5 not not RB 23626 721 6 so so RB 23626 721 7 effective effective JJ 23626 721 8 , , , 23626 721 9 but but CC 23626 721 10 the the DT 23626 721 11 electric electric JJ 23626 721 12 light light NN 23626 721 13 of of IN 23626 721 14 the the DT 23626 721 15 mercury mercury NN 23626 721 16 - - HYPH 23626 721 17 vapour vapour NN 23626 721 18 lamp lamp NN 23626 721 19 , , , 23626 721 20 though though IN 23626 721 21 causing cause VBG 23626 721 22 little little JJ 23626 721 23 change change NN 23626 721 24 at at IN 23626 721 25 the the DT 23626 721 26 first first JJ 23626 721 27 , , , 23626 721 28 after after IN 23626 721 29 a a DT 23626 721 30 few few JJ 23626 721 31 hours hour NNS 23626 721 32 ' ' POS 23626 721 33 exposure exposure NN 23626 721 34 rapidly rapidly RB 23626 721 35 bleached bleach VBD 23626 721 36 certain certain JJ 23626 721 37 of of IN 23626 721 38 the the DT 23626 721 39 colours colour NNS 23626 721 40 , , , 23626 721 41 whilst whilst IN 23626 721 42 having have VBG 23626 721 43 no no DT 23626 721 44 effect effect NN 23626 721 45 on on IN 23626 721 46 others other NNS 23626 721 47 . . . 23626 722 1 Coal coal NN 23626 722 2 gas gas NN 23626 722 3 with with IN 23626 722 4 incandescent incandescent NN 23626 722 5 fibre fibre NNP 23626 722 6 mantle mantle NNP 23626 722 7 was be VBD 23626 722 8 slightly slightly RB 23626 722 9 effective effective JJ 23626 722 10 , , , 23626 722 11 whilst whilst IN 23626 722 12 the the DT 23626 722 13 coal coal NN 23626 722 14 - - HYPH 23626 722 15 gas gas NN 23626 722 16 , , , 23626 722 17 burned burn VBD 23626 722 18 direct direct RB 23626 722 19 through through IN 23626 722 20 an an DT 23626 722 21 ordinary ordinary JJ 23626 722 22 burner burner NN 23626 722 23 , , , 23626 722 24 affected affect VBN 23626 722 25 very very RB 23626 722 26 few few JJ 23626 722 27 of of IN 23626 722 28 the the DT 23626 722 29 colours colour NNS 23626 722 30 , , , 23626 722 31 even even RB 23626 722 32 after after IN 23626 722 33 twenty twenty CD 23626 722 34 - - HYPH 23626 722 35 four four CD 23626 722 36 hours hour NNS 23626 722 37 ' ' POS 23626 722 38 exposure exposure NN 23626 722 39 at at IN 23626 722 40 a a DT 23626 722 41 distance distance NN 23626 722 42 of of IN 23626 722 43 three three CD 23626 722 44 feet foot NNS 23626 722 45 . . . 23626 723 1 In in IN 23626 723 2 all all PDT 23626 723 3 these these DT 23626 723 4 cases case NNS 23626 723 5 , , , 23626 723 6 though though IN 23626 723 7 the the DT 23626 723 8 colours colour NNS 23626 723 9 were be VBD 23626 723 10 slightly slightly RB 23626 723 11 improved improve VBN 23626 723 12 by by IN 23626 723 13 the the DT 23626 723 14 stones stone NNS 23626 723 15 being be VBG 23626 723 16 kept keep VBN 23626 723 17 for for IN 23626 723 18 a a DT 23626 723 19 time time NN 23626 723 20 in in IN 23626 723 21 the the DT 23626 723 22 dark dark NN 23626 723 23 , , , 23626 723 24 they -PRON- PRP 23626 723 25 failed fail VBD 23626 723 26 to to TO 23626 723 27 recover recover VB 23626 723 28 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 723 29 original original JJ 23626 723 30 strength strength NN 23626 723 31 , , , 23626 723 32 showing show VBG 23626 723 33 permanent permanent JJ 23626 723 34 loss loss NN 23626 723 35 of of IN 23626 723 36 colour colour NN 23626 723 37 . . . 23626 724 1 _ _ NNP 23626 724 2 The the DT 23626 724 3 Silicates Silicates NNPS 23626 724 4 . . . 23626 724 5 _ _ NNP 23626 724 6 The the DT 23626 724 7 chief chief NN 23626 724 8 of of IN 23626 724 9 these these DT 23626 724 10 are be VBP 23626 724 11 the the DT 23626 724 12 garnets garnet NNS 23626 724 13 , , , 23626 724 14 crystallising crystallise VBG 23626 724 15 in in IN 23626 724 16 the the DT 23626 724 17 cubic cubic JJ 23626 724 18 system system NN 23626 724 19 , , , 23626 724 20 and and CC 23626 724 21 anhydrous anhydrous JJ 23626 724 22 . . . 23626 725 1 The the DT 23626 725 2 garnet garnet NN 23626 725 3 is be VBZ 23626 725 4 usually usually RB 23626 725 5 in in IN 23626 725 6 the the DT 23626 725 7 form form NN 23626 725 8 of of IN 23626 725 9 a a DT 23626 725 10 rhombic rhombic JJ 23626 725 11 dodecahedron dodecahedron NN 23626 725 12 , , , 23626 725 13 or or CC 23626 725 14 as as IN 23626 725 15 a a DT 23626 725 16 trisoctahedron trisoctahedron NN 23626 725 17 ( ( -LRB- 23626 725 18 called call VBN 23626 725 19 also also RB 23626 725 20 sometimes sometimes RB 23626 725 21 an an DT 23626 725 22 icosatetrahedron icosatetrahedron NN 23626 725 23 ) ) -RRB- 23626 725 24 , , , 23626 725 25 or or CC 23626 725 26 a a DT 23626 725 27 mixture mixture NN 23626 725 28 of of IN 23626 725 29 the the DT 23626 725 30 two two CD 23626 725 31 , , , 23626 725 32 though though IN 23626 725 33 the the DT 23626 725 34 stones stone NNS 23626 725 35 appear appear VBP 23626 725 36 in in IN 23626 725 37 other other JJ 23626 725 38 cubic cubic JJ 23626 725 39 forms form NNS 23626 725 40 . . . 23626 726 1 In in IN 23626 726 2 hardness hardness NN 23626 726 3 they -PRON- PRP 23626 726 4 vary vary VBP 23626 726 5 from from IN 23626 726 6 6 6 CD 23626 726 7 - - SYM 23626 726 8 1/2 1/2 CD 23626 726 9 to to TO 23626 726 10 8 8 CD 23626 726 11 - - SYM 23626 726 12 1/2 1/2 CD 23626 726 13 . . . 23626 727 1 They -PRON- PRP 23626 727 2 average average VBP 23626 727 3 from from IN 23626 727 4 40 40 CD 23626 727 5 to to IN 23626 727 6 about about IN 23626 727 7 42 42 CD 23626 727 8 per per NN 23626 727 9 cent cent NN 23626 727 10 . . . 23626 728 1 of of IN 23626 728 2 silica silica NNP 23626 728 3 , , , 23626 728 4 the the DT 23626 728 5 other other JJ 23626 728 6 ingredients ingredient NNS 23626 728 7 being be VBG 23626 728 8 in in RB 23626 728 9 fairly fairly RB 23626 728 10 constant constant JJ 23626 728 11 and and CC 23626 728 12 definite definite JJ 23626 728 13 proportions proportion NNS 23626 728 14 . . . 23626 729 1 They -PRON- PRP 23626 729 2 are be VBP 23626 729 3 vitreous vitreous JJ 23626 729 4 and and CC 23626 729 5 resinous resinous JJ 23626 729 6 in in IN 23626 729 7 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 729 8 lustre lustre NN 23626 729 9 and and CC 23626 729 10 of of IN 23626 729 11 great great JJ 23626 729 12 variety variety NN 23626 729 13 of of IN 23626 729 14 colour colour NN 23626 729 15 , , , 23626 729 16 chiefly chiefly RB 23626 729 17 amongst amongst IN 23626 729 18 reds red NNS 23626 729 19 , , , 23626 729 20 purples purple NNS 23626 729 21 , , , 23626 729 22 violets violet NNS 23626 729 23 , , , 23626 729 24 greens greens NNP 23626 729 25 , , , 23626 729 26 yellows yellow NNS 23626 729 27 and and CC 23626 729 28 blacks black NNS 23626 729 29 , , , 23626 729 30 according accord VBG 23626 729 31 to to IN 23626 729 32 the the DT 23626 729 33 colouring colour VBG 23626 729 34 matter matter NN 23626 729 35 present present JJ 23626 729 36 in in IN 23626 729 37 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 729 38 mass mass NN 23626 729 39 . . . 23626 730 1 There there EX 23626 730 2 are be VBP 23626 730 3 many many JJ 23626 730 4 varieties variety NNS 23626 730 5 which which WDT 23626 730 6 are be VBP 23626 730 7 named name VBN 23626 730 8 in in IN 23626 730 9 accordance accordance NN 23626 730 10 with with IN 23626 730 11 one one CD 23626 730 12 or or CC 23626 730 13 more more JJR 23626 730 14 of of IN 23626 730 15 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 730 16 constituents constituent NNS 23626 730 17 , , , 23626 730 18 the the DT 23626 730 19 best well RBS 23626 730 20 known known JJ 23626 730 21 being being NN 23626 730 22 : : : 23626 730 23 ( ( -LRB- 23626 730 24 A a NN 23626 730 25 ) ) -RRB- 23626 730 26 The the DT 23626 730 27 iron iron NN 23626 730 28 - - HYPH 23626 730 29 alumina alumina NNP 23626 730 30 garnet garnet NN 23626 730 31 , , , 23626 730 32 having have VBG 23626 730 33 the the DT 23626 730 34 formula formula NN 23626 730 35 6FeO 6feo CD 23626 730 36 , , , 23626 730 37 3SiO_{2 3SiO_{2 NNP 23626 730 38 } } -RRB- 23626 730 39 + + CC 23626 730 40 2Al_{2}O_{3 2al_{2}o_{3 NN 23626 730 41 } } -RRB- 23626 730 42 , , , 23626 730 43 3SiO_{2 3SiO_{2 NNP 23626 730 44 } } -RRB- 23626 730 45 . . . 23626 731 1 This this DT 23626 731 2 is be VBZ 23626 731 3 the the DT 23626 731 4 " " `` 23626 731 5 precious precious JJ 23626 731 6 " " '' 23626 731 7 garnet garnet NN 23626 731 8 , , , 23626 731 9 or or CC 23626 731 10 almandine almandine NN 23626 731 11 , , , 23626 731 12 sometimes sometimes RB 23626 731 13 called call VBD 23626 731 14 the the DT 23626 731 15 " " `` 23626 731 16 Oriental oriental JJ 23626 731 17 " " '' 23626 731 18 garnet garnet NN 23626 731 19 ; ; : 23626 731 20 these these DT 23626 731 21 stones stone NNS 23626 731 22 are be VBP 23626 731 23 found find VBN 23626 731 24 in in IN 23626 731 25 Great Great NNP 23626 731 26 Britain Britain NNP 23626 731 27 , , , 23626 731 28 India India NNP 23626 731 29 , , , 23626 731 30 and and CC 23626 731 31 South South NNP 23626 731 32 America America NNP 23626 731 33 , , , 23626 731 34 and and CC 23626 731 35 are be VBP 23626 731 36 deep deep RB 23626 731 37 red red JJ 23626 731 38 and and CC 23626 731 39 transparent transparent JJ 23626 731 40 , , , 23626 731 41 of of IN 23626 731 42 vitreous vitreous JJ 23626 731 43 lustre lustre NN 23626 731 44 . . . 23626 732 1 They -PRON- PRP 23626 732 2 get get VBP 23626 732 3 up up RP 23626 732 4 well well RB 23626 732 5 , , , 23626 732 6 but but CC 23626 732 7 certain certain JJ 23626 732 8 varieties variety NNS 23626 732 9 are be VBP 23626 732 10 so so RB 23626 732 11 subject subject JJ 23626 732 12 to to IN 23626 732 13 defects defect NNS 23626 732 14 in in IN 23626 732 15 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 732 16 substance substance NN 23626 732 17 , , , 23626 732 18 brought bring VBN 23626 732 19 about about RP 23626 732 20 by by IN 23626 732 21 pressure pressure NN 23626 732 22 , , , 23626 732 23 volcanic volcanic JJ 23626 732 24 action action NN 23626 732 25 , , , 23626 732 26 and and CC 23626 732 27 other other JJ 23626 732 28 causes cause NNS 23626 732 29 , , , 23626 732 30 some some DT 23626 732 31 of of IN 23626 732 32 which which WDT 23626 732 33 are be VBP 23626 732 34 not not RB 23626 732 35 yet yet RB 23626 732 36 known know VBN 23626 732 37 , , , 23626 732 38 that that IN 23626 732 39 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 732 40 quality quality NN 23626 732 41 often often RB 23626 732 42 becomes become VBZ 23626 732 43 much much RB 23626 732 44 depreciated depreciate VBN 23626 732 45 in in IN 23626 732 46 consequence consequence NN 23626 732 47 . . . 23626 733 1 This this DT 23626 733 2 inferior inferior JJ 23626 733 3 variety variety NN 23626 733 4 of of IN 23626 733 5 the the DT 23626 733 6 iron iron NN 23626 733 7 - - HYPH 23626 733 8 alumina alumina NNP 23626 733 9 garnet garnet NN 23626 733 10 is be VBZ 23626 733 11 called call VBN 23626 733 12 the the DT 23626 733 13 " " `` 23626 733 14 common common JJ 23626 733 15 " " '' 23626 733 16 garnet garnet NN 23626 733 17 , , , 23626 733 18 and and CC 23626 733 19 has have VBZ 23626 733 20 little little JJ 23626 733 21 lustre lustre NNP 23626 733 22 , , , 23626 733 23 being be VBG 23626 733 24 sometimes sometimes RB 23626 733 25 opaque opaque JJ 23626 733 26 . . . 23626 734 1 The the DT 23626 734 2 perfect perfect JJ 23626 734 3 qualities quality NNS 23626 734 4 , , , 23626 734 5 or or CC 23626 734 6 almandine almandine NN 23626 734 7 , , , 23626 734 8 as as IN 23626 734 9 described describe VBN 23626 734 10 above above RB 23626 734 11 , , , 23626 734 12 are be VBP 23626 734 13 favourite favourite JJ 23626 734 14 stones stone NNS 23626 734 15 with with IN 23626 734 16 jewellers jeweller NNS 23626 734 17 , , , 23626 734 18 who who WP 23626 734 19 mount mount VBP 23626 734 20 great great JJ 23626 734 21 quantities quantity NNS 23626 734 22 of of IN 23626 734 23 them -PRON- PRP 23626 734 24 . . . 23626 735 1 The the DT 23626 735 2 second second JJ 23626 735 3 variety variety NN 23626 735 4 is be VBZ 23626 735 5 the the DT 23626 735 6 ( ( -LRB- 23626 735 7 B b NN 23626 735 8 ) ) -RRB- 23626 735 9 lime lime NN 23626 735 10 - - HYPH 23626 735 11 iron iron NN 23626 735 12 garnet garnet NN 23626 735 13 , , , 23626 735 14 formula formula NN 23626 735 15 , , , 23626 735 16 6CaO,3SiO_{2 6CaO,3SiO_{2 NNP 23626 735 17 } } -RRB- 23626 735 18 + + CC 23626 735 19 2Fe_{2}O_{3},3SiO_{2 2fe_{2}o_{3},3sio_{2 CD 23626 735 20 } } -RRB- 23626 735 21 . . . 23626 736 1 The the DT 23626 736 2 chief chief NN 23626 736 3 of of IN 23626 736 4 this this DT 23626 736 5 class class NN 23626 736 6 is be VBZ 23626 736 7 the the DT 23626 736 8 melanite melanite NN 23626 736 9 , , , 23626 736 10 sometimes sometimes RB 23626 736 11 dull dull JJ 23626 736 12 , , , 23626 736 13 yet yet CC 23626 736 14 often often RB 23626 736 15 vitreous vitreous JJ 23626 736 16 ; ; : 23626 736 17 it -PRON- PRP 23626 736 18 is be VBZ 23626 736 19 mostly mostly RB 23626 736 20 found find VBN 23626 736 21 in in IN 23626 736 22 volcanic volcanic JJ 23626 736 23 rocks rock NNS 23626 736 24 , , , 23626 736 25 such such JJ 23626 736 26 as as IN 23626 736 27 tuff tuff NNP 23626 736 28 ; ; : 23626 736 29 this this DT 23626 736 30 variety variety NN 23626 736 31 is be VBZ 23626 736 32 very very RB 23626 736 33 popular popular JJ 23626 736 34 with with IN 23626 736 35 jewellers jeweller NNS 23626 736 36 for for IN 23626 736 37 mourning mourn VBG 23626 736 38 ornaments ornament NNS 23626 736 39 , , , 23626 736 40 for for IN 23626 736 41 as as IN 23626 736 42 it -PRON- PRP 23626 736 43 is be VBZ 23626 736 44 a a DT 23626 736 45 beautiful beautiful JJ 23626 736 46 velvet velvet NN 23626 736 47 - - HYPH 23626 736 48 black black JJ 23626 736 49 in in IN 23626 736 50 colour colour NN 23626 736 51 and and CC 23626 736 52 quite quite RB 23626 736 53 opaque opaque JJ 23626 736 54 , , , 23626 736 55 it -PRON- PRP 23626 736 56 is be VBZ 23626 736 57 pre pre JJ 23626 736 58 - - JJ 23626 736 59 eminent eminent JJ 23626 736 60 for for IN 23626 736 61 this this DT 23626 736 62 purpose purpose NN 23626 736 63 , , , 23626 736 64 being be VBG 23626 736 65 considerably considerably RB 23626 736 66 less less RBR 23626 736 67 brittle brittle JJ 23626 736 68 than than IN 23626 736 69 jet jet NN 23626 736 70 , , , 23626 736 71 though though IN 23626 736 72 heavier heavy JJR 23626 736 73 . . . 23626 737 1 Another another DT 23626 737 2 variety variety NN 23626 737 3 is be VBZ 23626 737 4 the the DT 23626 737 5 " " `` 23626 737 6 topazolite topazolite NN 23626 737 7 , , , 23626 737 8 " " '' 23626 737 9 both both CC 23626 737 10 yellow yellow JJ 23626 737 11 and and CC 23626 737 12 green green JJ 23626 737 13 . . . 23626 738 1 The the DT 23626 738 2 " " `` 23626 738 3 aplome aplome NN 23626 738 4 " " '' 23626 738 5 is be VBZ 23626 738 6 greenish greenish NN 23626 738 7 - - HYPH 23626 738 8 yellow yellow JJ 23626 738 9 , , , 23626 738 10 yellowish yellowish JJ 23626 738 11 - - HYPH 23626 738 12 green green JJ 23626 738 13 , , , 23626 738 14 brown brown JJ 23626 738 15 , , , 23626 738 16 and and CC 23626 738 17 usually usually RB 23626 738 18 opaque opaque JJ 23626 738 19 . . . 23626 739 1 A a DT 23626 739 2 further further JJ 23626 739 3 form form NN 23626 739 4 of of IN 23626 739 5 lime lime NN 23626 739 6 - - HYPH 23626 739 7 iron iron NN 23626 739 8 garnet garnet NN 23626 739 9 is be VBZ 23626 739 10 the the DT 23626 739 11 " " `` 23626 739 12 pyreneite pyreneite JJ 23626 739 13 , , , 23626 739 14 " " '' 23626 739 15 first first RB 23626 739 16 found find VBN 23626 739 17 in in IN 23626 739 18 the the DT 23626 739 19 Pyrenees Pyrenees NNP 23626 739 20 Mountains Mountains NNPS 23626 739 21 , , , 23626 739 22 hence hence RB 23626 739 23 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 739 24 name name NN 23626 739 25 . . . 23626 740 1 The the DT 23626 740 2 ( ( -LRB- 23626 740 3 C C NNP 23626 740 4 ) ) -RRB- 23626 740 5 lime lime NN 23626 740 6 - - HYPH 23626 740 7 chrome chrome NN 23626 740 8 garnets--6CaO,3SiO_{2 garnets--6cao,3sio_{2 NN 23626 740 9 } } -RRB- 23626 740 10 + + CC 23626 740 11 2Cr_{2}O_{3 2cr_{2}o_{3 NN 23626 740 12 } } -RRB- 23626 740 13 , , , 23626 740 14 3SiO_{2}--the 3sio_{2}--the DT 23626 740 15 chief chief NN 23626 740 16 of of IN 23626 740 17 which which WDT 23626 740 18 is be VBZ 23626 740 19 " " `` 23626 740 20 uwarowite uwarowite JJ 23626 740 21 . . . 23626 740 22 " " '' 23626 741 1 This this DT 23626 741 2 is be VBZ 23626 741 3 of of IN 23626 741 4 a a DT 23626 741 5 magnificent magnificent JJ 23626 741 6 emerald emerald NN 23626 741 7 green green JJ 23626 741 8 colour colour NN 23626 741 9 , , , 23626 741 10 translucent translucent VBD 23626 741 11 at at IN 23626 741 12 edges edge NNS 23626 741 13 and and CC 23626 741 14 of of IN 23626 741 15 a a DT 23626 741 16 vitreous vitreous JJ 23626 741 17 lustre lustre NN 23626 741 18 . . . 23626 742 1 When when WRB 23626 742 2 heated heat VBN 23626 742 3 on on IN 23626 742 4 the the DT 23626 742 5 borax borax NN 23626 742 6 bead bead NN 23626 742 7 it -PRON- PRP 23626 742 8 gives give VBZ 23626 742 9 an an DT 23626 742 10 equally equally RB 23626 742 11 beautiful beautiful JJ 23626 742 12 green green NN 23626 742 13 , , , 23626 742 14 which which WDT 23626 742 15 is be VBZ 23626 742 16 , , , 23626 742 17 however however RB 23626 742 18 , , , 23626 742 19 rather rather RB 23626 742 20 more more RBR 23626 742 21 inclined inclined JJ 23626 742 22 to to TO 23626 742 23 chrome chrome VB 23626 742 24 than than IN 23626 742 25 emerald emerald NN 23626 742 26 . . . 23626 743 1 This this DT 23626 743 2 is be VBZ 23626 743 3 an an DT 23626 743 4 extremely extremely RB 23626 743 5 rare rare JJ 23626 743 6 stone stone NN 23626 743 7 in in IN 23626 743 8 fine fine JJ 23626 743 9 colour colour NN 23626 743 10 , , , 23626 743 11 though though IN 23626 743 12 cloudy cloudy JJ 23626 743 13 and and CC 23626 743 14 imperfect imperfect JJ 23626 743 15 specimens specimen NNS 23626 743 16 are be VBP 23626 743 17 often often RB 23626 743 18 met meet VBN 23626 743 19 with with IN 23626 743 20 , , , 23626 743 21 but but CC 23626 743 22 seldom seldom RB 23626 743 23 are be VBP 23626 743 24 large large JJ 23626 743 25 stones stone NNS 23626 743 26 found find VBN 23626 743 27 without without IN 23626 743 28 flaws flaw NNS 23626 743 29 and and CC 23626 743 30 of of IN 23626 743 31 the the DT 23626 743 32 pure pure JJ 23626 743 33 colour colour NN 23626 743 34 , , , 23626 743 35 which which WDT 23626 743 36 rivals rival VBZ 23626 743 37 that that DT 23626 743 38 of of IN 23626 743 39 the the DT 23626 743 40 emerald emerald NN 23626 743 41 in in IN 23626 743 42 beauty beauty NN 23626 743 43 . . . 23626 744 1 The the DT 23626 744 2 fourth fourth JJ 23626 744 3 variety variety NN 23626 744 4 ( ( -LRB- 23626 744 5 D d NN 23626 744 6 ) ) -RRB- 23626 744 7 is be VBZ 23626 744 8 the the DT 23626 744 9 lime lime NNP 23626 744 10 - - HYPH 23626 744 11 alumina alumina NNP 23626 744 12 garnet garnet NNP 23626 744 13 , , , 23626 744 14 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 744 15 formula formula NN 23626 744 16 being--6CaO,3SiO_{2 being--6cao,3sio_{2 NN 23626 744 17 } } -RRB- 23626 744 18 + + CC 23626 744 19 2Al_{2}O_{3},3SiO_{2 2al_{2}o_{3},3sio_{2 CD 23626 744 20 } } -RRB- 23626 744 21 . . . 23626 745 1 Like like IN 23626 745 2 the the DT 23626 745 3 others other NNS 23626 745 4 , , , 23626 745 5 it -PRON- PRP 23626 745 6 has have VBZ 23626 745 7 a a DT 23626 745 8 number number NN 23626 745 9 of of IN 23626 745 10 sub sub NN 23626 745 11 - - NNS 23626 745 12 varieties variety NNS 23626 745 13 , , , 23626 745 14 the the DT 23626 745 15 chief chief NN 23626 745 16 being be VBG 23626 745 17 the the DT 23626 745 18 " " `` 23626 745 19 cinnamon cinnamon NNP 23626 745 20 stone stone NN 23626 745 21 , , , 23626 745 22 " " '' 23626 745 23 which which WDT 23626 745 24 is be VBZ 23626 745 25 one one CD 23626 745 26 of of IN 23626 745 27 great great JJ 23626 745 28 beauty beauty NN 23626 745 29 and and CC 23626 745 30 value value NN 23626 745 31 when when WRB 23626 745 32 perfect perfect JJ 23626 745 33 . . . 23626 746 1 This this DT 23626 746 2 stone stone NN 23626 746 3 is be VBZ 23626 746 4 almost almost RB 23626 746 5 always always RB 23626 746 6 transparent transparent JJ 23626 746 7 when when WRB 23626 746 8 pure pure JJ 23626 746 9 , , , 23626 746 10 which which WDT 23626 746 11 property property NN 23626 746 12 is be VBZ 23626 746 13 usually usually RB 23626 746 14 taken take VBN 23626 746 15 as as IN 23626 746 16 one one CD 23626 746 17 of of IN 23626 746 18 the the DT 23626 746 19 tests test NNS 23626 746 20 of of IN 23626 746 21 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 746 22 value value NN 23626 746 23 , , , 23626 746 24 for for IN 23626 746 25 the the DT 23626 746 26 slightest slight JJS 23626 746 27 admixture admixture NN 23626 746 28 or or CC 23626 746 29 presence presence NN 23626 746 30 of of IN 23626 746 31 other other JJ 23626 746 32 substances substance NNS 23626 746 33 cloud cloud VBP 23626 746 34 it -PRON- PRP 23626 746 35 , , , 23626 746 36 probably probably RB 23626 746 37 to to IN 23626 746 38 opacity opacity NN 23626 746 39 , , , 23626 746 40 in in IN 23626 746 41 accordance accordance NN 23626 746 42 with with IN 23626 746 43 the the DT 23626 746 44 quantity quantity NN 23626 746 45 of of IN 23626 746 46 impurity impurity NN 23626 746 47 existent existent NN 23626 746 48 . . . 23626 747 1 This this DT 23626 747 2 variety variety NN 23626 747 3 is be VBZ 23626 747 4 composed compose VBN 23626 747 5 of of IN 23626 747 6 the the DT 23626 747 7 oxides oxide NNS 23626 747 8 of of IN 23626 747 9 aluminium aluminium NN 23626 747 10 and and CC 23626 747 11 silicon silicon NN 23626 747 12 with with IN 23626 747 13 lime lime NN 23626 747 14 . . . 23626 748 1 In in IN 23626 748 2 colour colour NN 23626 748 3 it -PRON- PRP 23626 748 4 ranges range VBZ 23626 748 5 from from IN 23626 748 6 a a DT 23626 748 7 beautiful beautiful JJ 23626 748 8 yellowish yellowish JJ 23626 748 9 - - HYPH 23626 748 10 orange orange NN 23626 748 11 deepening deepen VBG 23626 748 12 towards towards IN 23626 748 13 the the DT 23626 748 14 red red NN 23626 748 15 to to IN 23626 748 16 a a DT 23626 748 17 pure pure JJ 23626 748 18 and and CC 23626 748 19 beautiful beautiful JJ 23626 748 20 red red NN 23626 748 21 . . . 23626 749 1 " " `` 23626 749 2 Romanzovite Romanzovite NNP 23626 749 3 " " '' 23626 749 4 is be VBZ 23626 749 5 another another DT 23626 749 6 beautiful beautiful JJ 23626 749 7 variety variety NN 23626 749 8 , , , 23626 749 9 the the DT 23626 749 10 colour colour NN 23626 749 11 of of IN 23626 749 12 which which WDT 23626 749 13 ranges range VBZ 23626 749 14 through through IN 23626 749 15 browns brown NNS 23626 749 16 to to IN 23626 749 17 black black NN 23626 749 18 . . . 23626 750 1 Another another DT 23626 750 2 important important JJ 23626 750 3 variety variety NN 23626 750 4 is be VBZ 23626 750 5 the the DT 23626 750 6 " " `` 23626 750 7 succinite succinite JJ 23626 750 8 , , , 23626 750 9 " " '' 23626 750 10 which which WDT 23626 750 11 gets get VBZ 23626 750 12 up up RP 23626 750 13 well well RB 23626 750 14 and and CC 23626 750 15 is be VBZ 23626 750 16 a a DT 23626 750 17 favourite favourite JJ 23626 750 18 with with IN 23626 750 19 jewellers jeweller NNS 23626 750 20 because because IN 23626 750 21 of of IN 23626 750 22 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 750 23 beautiful beautiful JJ 23626 750 24 , , , 23626 750 25 amber amber NN 23626 750 26 - - HYPH 23626 750 27 like like JJ 23626 750 28 colour colour NN 23626 750 29 , , , 23626 750 30 without without IN 23626 750 31 possessing possess VBG 23626 750 32 any any DT 23626 750 33 of of IN 23626 750 34 the the DT 23626 750 35 drawbacks drawback NNS 23626 750 36 of of IN 23626 750 37 amber amber NN 23626 750 38 . . . 23626 751 1 ( ( -LRB- 23626 751 2 E e NN 23626 751 3 ) ) -RRB- 23626 751 4 The the DT 23626 751 5 magnesia magnesia NNP 23626 751 6 - - HYPH 23626 751 7 alumina alumina NNP 23626 751 8 garnet--6MgO,3SiO_{2 garnet--6MgO,3SiO_{2 NNP 23626 751 9 } } -RRB- 23626 751 10 + + CD 23626 751 11 2Al_{2}O_{3},3SiO_{2}--is 2al_{2}o_{3},3sio_{2}--is CD 23626 751 12 somewhat somewhat RB 23626 751 13 rare rare JJ 23626 751 14 , , , 23626 751 15 the the DT 23626 751 16 most most RBS 23626 751 17 frequently frequently RB 23626 751 18 found find VBN 23626 751 19 being be VBG 23626 751 20 of of IN 23626 751 21 a a DT 23626 751 22 strong strong JJ 23626 751 23 crimson crimson JJ 23626 751 24 colour colour NN 23626 751 25 and and CC 23626 751 26 transparent transparent NN 23626 751 27 . . . 23626 752 1 This this DT 23626 752 2 variety variety NN 23626 752 3 is be VBZ 23626 752 4 called call VBN 23626 752 5 " " `` 23626 752 6 pyrope pyrope NN 23626 752 7 , , , 23626 752 8 " " '' 23626 752 9 the the DT 23626 752 10 deeper deep JJR 23626 752 11 and and CC 23626 752 12 richer rich JJR 23626 752 13 tints tint NNS 23626 752 14 being be VBG 23626 752 15 designated designate VBN 23626 752 16 " " `` 23626 752 17 carbuncle carbuncle NN 23626 752 18 , , , 23626 752 19 " " '' 23626 752 20 from from IN 23626 752 21 the the DT 23626 752 22 Latin Latin NNP 23626 752 23 _ _ NNP 23626 752 24 carbunculus carbunculus NN 23626 752 25 _ _ NNP 23626 752 26 , , , 23626 752 27 a a DT 23626 752 28 little little JJ 23626 752 29 coal coal NN 23626 752 30 , , , 23626 752 31 because because IN 23626 752 32 when when WRB 23626 752 33 this this DT 23626 752 34 beautiful beautiful JJ 23626 752 35 variety variety NN 23626 752 36 of of IN 23626 752 37 the the DT 23626 752 38 " " `` 23626 752 39 noble noble JJ 23626 752 40 " " '' 23626 752 41 garnet garnet NN 23626 752 42 is be VBZ 23626 752 43 held hold VBN 23626 752 44 up up RP 23626 752 45 between between IN 23626 752 46 the the DT 23626 752 47 eyes eye NNS 23626 752 48 and and CC 23626 752 49 the the DT 23626 752 50 sun sun NN 23626 752 51 , , , 23626 752 52 it -PRON- PRP 23626 752 53 is be VBZ 23626 752 54 no no RB 23626 752 55 longer long RBR 23626 752 56 a a DT 23626 752 57 deep deep JJ 23626 752 58 , , , 23626 752 59 blood blood NN 23626 752 60 - - HYPH 23626 752 61 red red JJ 23626 752 62 , , , 23626 752 63 but but CC 23626 752 64 has have VBZ 23626 752 65 exactly exactly RB 23626 752 66 the the DT 23626 752 67 appearance appearance NN 23626 752 68 of of IN 23626 752 69 a a DT 23626 752 70 small small JJ 23626 752 71 piece piece NN 23626 752 72 of of IN 23626 752 73 live live JJ 23626 752 74 or or CC 23626 752 75 glowing glow VBG 23626 752 76 coal coal NN 23626 752 77 , , , 23626 752 78 the the DT 23626 752 79 scarlet scarlet JJ 23626 752 80 portion portion NN 23626 752 81 of of IN 23626 752 82 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 752 83 colour colour NN 23626 752 84 - - HYPH 23626 752 85 mixture mixture NN 23626 752 86 being be VBG 23626 752 87 particularly particularly RB 23626 752 88 evident evident JJ 23626 752 89 . . . 23626 753 1 The the DT 23626 753 2 ancient ancient JJ 23626 753 3 Greeks Greeks NNPS 23626 753 4 called call VBD 23626 753 5 it -PRON- PRP 23626 753 6 anthrax anthrax NN 23626 753 7 , , , 23626 753 8 which which WDT 23626 753 9 name name NN 23626 753 10 is be VBZ 23626 753 11 sometimes sometimes RB 23626 753 12 used use VBN 23626 753 13 in in IN 23626 753 14 medicine medicine NN 23626 753 15 to to IN 23626 753 16 - - HYPH 23626 753 17 day day NN 23626 753 18 with with IN 23626 753 19 reference reference NN 23626 753 20 to to IN 23626 753 21 the the DT 23626 753 22 severe severe JJ 23626 753 23 boil boil NN 23626 753 24 - - HYPH 23626 753 25 like like JJ 23626 753 26 inflammation inflammation NN 23626 753 27 which which WDT 23626 753 28 , , , 23626 753 29 from from IN 23626 753 30 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 753 31 burning burning NN 23626 753 32 and and CC 23626 753 33 redness redness NN 23626 753 34 , , , 23626 753 35 is be VBZ 23626 753 36 called call VBN 23626 753 37 a a DT 23626 753 38 carbuncle carbuncle NN 23626 753 39 , , , 23626 753 40 though though IN 23626 753 41 it -PRON- PRP 23626 753 42 is be VBZ 23626 753 43 more more RBR 23626 753 44 usual usual JJ 23626 753 45 to to TO 23626 753 46 apply apply VB 23626 753 47 the the DT 23626 753 48 word word NN 23626 753 49 " " `` 23626 753 50 anthrax anthrax NN 23626 753 51 " " '' 23626 753 52 to to IN 23626 753 53 the the DT 23626 753 54 malignant malignant JJ 23626 753 55 cattle cattle NNS 23626 753 56 - - : 23626 753 57 disease disease NN 23626 753 58 which which WDT 23626 753 59 is be VBZ 23626 753 60 occasionally occasionally RB 23626 753 61 passed pass VBN 23626 753 62 on on RP 23626 753 63 to to IN 23626 753 64 man man NN 23626 753 65 by by IN 23626 753 66 means mean NNS 23626 753 67 of of IN 23626 753 68 wool wool NN 23626 753 69 , , , 23626 753 70 hair hair NN 23626 753 71 , , , 23626 753 72 blood blood NN 23626 753 73 - - HYPH 23626 753 74 clots clot NNS 23626 753 75 , , , 23626 753 76 etc etc FW 23626 753 77 . . FW 23626 753 78 , , , 23626 753 79 etc etc FW 23626 753 80 . . FW 23626 753 81 , , , 23626 753 82 and and CC 23626 753 83 almost almost RB 23626 753 84 always always RB 23626 753 85 ends end VBZ 23626 753 86 fatally fatally RB 23626 753 87 . . . 23626 754 1 A a DT 23626 754 2 great great JJ 23626 754 3 deal deal NN 23626 754 4 of of IN 23626 754 5 mystery mystery NN 23626 754 6 and and CC 23626 754 7 superstition superstition NN 23626 754 8 has have VBZ 23626 754 9 always always RB 23626 754 10 existed exist VBN 23626 754 11 in in IN 23626 754 12 connexion connexion NN 23626 754 13 with with IN 23626 754 14 this this DT 23626 754 15 stone stone NN 23626 754 16 -- -- : 23626 754 17 the the DT 23626 754 18 invisibility invisibility NN 23626 754 19 of of IN 23626 754 20 the the DT 23626 754 21 bearer bearer NN 23626 754 22 of of IN 23626 754 23 the the DT 23626 754 24 egg egg NN 23626 754 25 - - HYPH 23626 754 26 carbuncle carbuncle NN 23626 754 27 laid lay VBN 23626 754 28 by by IN 23626 754 29 a a DT 23626 754 30 goldfinch goldfinch NN 23626 754 31 , , , 23626 754 32 for for IN 23626 754 33 instance instance NN 23626 754 34 . . . 23626 755 1 ( ( -LRB- 23626 755 2 F f NN 23626 755 3 ) ) -RRB- 23626 755 4 The the DT 23626 755 5 manganese manganese NNP 23626 755 6 - - HYPH 23626 755 7 alumina alumina NNP 23626 755 8 garnet--6MnO,3SiO_{2 garnet--6MnO,3SiO_{2 NNP 23626 755 9 } } -RRB- 23626 755 10 + + CC 23626 755 11 2Al{2}O_{3},3SiO_{2}--is 2al{2}o_{3},3sio_{2}--is CD 23626 755 12 usually usually RB 23626 755 13 found find VBN 23626 755 14 in in IN 23626 755 15 a a DT 23626 755 16 crystalline crystalline NN 23626 755 17 or or CC 23626 755 18 granular granular JJ 23626 755 19 form form NN 23626 755 20 , , , 23626 755 21 and and CC 23626 755 22 mostly mostly RB 23626 755 23 in in IN 23626 755 24 granite granite NN 23626 755 25 and and CC 23626 755 26 in in IN 23626 755 27 the the DT 23626 755 28 interstices interstice NNS 23626 755 29 of of IN 23626 755 30 the the DT 23626 755 31 plates plate NNS 23626 755 32 , , , 23626 755 33 or or CC 23626 755 34 laminæ laminæ NN 23626 755 35 , , , 23626 755 36 of of IN 23626 755 37 rocks rock NNS 23626 755 38 called call VBN 23626 755 39 schist schist NN 23626 755 40 . . . 23626 756 1 One one CD 23626 756 2 variety variety NN 23626 756 3 of of IN 23626 756 4 this this DT 23626 756 5 , , , 23626 756 6 which which WDT 23626 756 7 is be VBZ 23626 756 8 a a DT 23626 756 9 deep deep JJ 23626 756 10 hyacinth hyacinth NN 23626 756 11 in in IN 23626 756 12 colour colour NN 23626 756 13 , , , 23626 756 14 though though IN 23626 756 15 often often RB 23626 756 16 of of IN 23626 756 17 a a DT 23626 756 18 brown brown NN 23626 756 19 - - HYPH 23626 756 20 tinted tint VBN 23626 756 21 red red NN 23626 756 22 , , , 23626 756 23 is be VBZ 23626 756 24 called call VBN 23626 756 25 " " `` 23626 756 26 spessartine spessartine NNP 23626 756 27 , , , 23626 756 28 " " '' 23626 756 29 or or CC 23626 756 30 " " `` 23626 756 31 spessartite spessartite JJ 23626 756 32 , , , 23626 756 33 " " '' 23626 756 34 from from IN 23626 756 35 the the DT 23626 756 36 district district NN 23626 756 37 in in IN 23626 756 38 which which WDT 23626 756 39 it -PRON- PRP 23626 756 40 is be VBZ 23626 756 41 chiefly chiefly RB 23626 756 42 found find VBN 23626 756 43 , , , 23626 756 44 though though IN 23626 756 45 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 756 46 distribution distribution NN 23626 756 47 is be VBZ 23626 756 48 a a DT 23626 756 49 fairly fairly RB 23626 756 50 wide wide JJ 23626 756 51 one one CD 23626 756 52 . . . 23626 757 1 _ _ NNP 23626 757 2 The the DT 23626 757 3 Lapis Lapis NNP 23626 757 4 - - HYPH 23626 757 5 Lazuli Lazuli NNP 23626 757 6 . . . 23626 757 7 _ _ NNP 23626 757 8 The the DT 23626 757 9 lapis lapis NN 23626 757 10 - - HYPH 23626 757 11 lazuli lazuli NNS 23626 757 12 , , , 23626 757 13 sometimes sometimes RB 23626 757 14 called call VBD 23626 757 15 " " `` 23626 757 16 azure azure JJ 23626 757 17 stone stone NN 23626 757 18 , , , 23626 757 19 " " '' 23626 757 20 is be VBZ 23626 757 21 almost almost RB 23626 757 22 always always RB 23626 757 23 blue blue JJ 23626 757 24 , , , 23626 757 25 though though IN 23626 757 26 often often RB 23626 757 27 containing contain VBG 23626 757 28 streaks streak NNS 23626 757 29 of of IN 23626 757 30 white white JJ 23626 757 31 and and CC 23626 757 32 gold gold NN 23626 757 33 colour colour NN 23626 757 34 , , , 23626 757 35 the the DT 23626 757 36 latter latter NN 23626 757 37 of of IN 23626 757 38 which which WDT 23626 757 39 are be VBP 23626 757 40 due due JJ 23626 757 41 to to IN 23626 757 42 the the DT 23626 757 43 presence presence NN 23626 757 44 of of IN 23626 757 45 minute minute NN 23626 757 46 specks speck NNS 23626 757 47 or or CC 23626 757 48 veins vein NNS 23626 757 49 of of IN 23626 757 50 iron iron NN 23626 757 51 pyrites pyrite NNS 23626 757 52 , , , 23626 757 53 the the DT 23626 757 54 former former JJ 23626 757 55 and and CC 23626 757 56 colourless colourless JJ 23626 757 57 streaks streak NNS 23626 757 58 being be VBG 23626 757 59 due due JJ 23626 757 60 to to IN 23626 757 61 free free JJ 23626 757 62 lime lime NN 23626 757 63 , , , 23626 757 64 calcite calcite NN 23626 757 65 , , , 23626 757 66 and and CC 23626 757 67 other other JJ 23626 757 68 substances substance NNS 23626 757 69 which which WDT 23626 757 70 have have VBP 23626 757 71 become become VBN 23626 757 72 more more RBR 23626 757 73 or or CC 23626 757 74 less less RBR 23626 757 75 blended blend VBN 23626 757 76 with with IN 23626 757 77 the the DT 23626 757 78 blue blue JJ 23626 757 79 colour colour NN 23626 757 80 of of IN 23626 757 81 the the DT 23626 757 82 stone stone NN 23626 757 83 . . . 23626 758 1 It -PRON- PRP 23626 758 2 has have VBZ 23626 758 3 a a DT 23626 758 4 vitreous vitreous JJ 23626 758 5 lustre lustre NN 23626 758 6 , , , 23626 758 7 crystallises crystallise NNS 23626 758 8 in in IN 23626 758 9 the the DT 23626 758 10 1st 1st NN 23626 758 11 , , , 23626 758 12 or or CC 23626 758 13 cubic cubic JJ 23626 758 14 system system NN 23626 758 15 , , , 23626 758 16 and and CC 23626 758 17 is be VBZ 23626 758 18 a a DT 23626 758 19 complex complex JJ 23626 758 20 substance substance NN 23626 758 21 , , , 23626 758 22 varying vary VBG 23626 758 23 considerably considerably RB 23626 758 24 in in IN 23626 758 25 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 758 26 ingredients ingredient NNS 23626 758 27 in in IN 23626 758 28 accordance accordance NN 23626 758 29 with with IN 23626 758 30 the the DT 23626 758 31 locality locality NN 23626 758 32 in in IN 23626 758 33 which which WDT 23626 758 34 it -PRON- PRP 23626 758 35 is be VBZ 23626 758 36 found find VBN 23626 758 37 , , , 23626 758 38 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 758 39 matrix matrix NN 23626 758 40 , , , 23626 758 41 and and CC 23626 758 42 the the DT 23626 758 43 general general JJ 23626 758 44 geological geological JJ 23626 758 45 formation formation NN 23626 758 46 of of IN 23626 758 47 the the DT 23626 758 48 surrounding surround VBG 23626 758 49 substances substance NNS 23626 758 50 , , , 23626 758 51 which which WDT 23626 758 52 may may MD 23626 758 53 , , , 23626 758 54 by by IN 23626 758 55 the the DT 23626 758 56 penetration penetration NN 23626 758 57 of of IN 23626 758 58 moisture moisture NN 23626 758 59 , , , 23626 758 60 be be VB 23626 758 61 brought bring VBN 23626 758 62 to to TO 23626 758 63 bear bear VB 23626 758 64 upon upon IN 23626 758 65 the the DT 23626 758 66 stone stone NN 23626 758 67 , , , 23626 758 68 thus thus RB 23626 758 69 influencing influence VBG 23626 758 70 to to IN 23626 758 71 a a DT 23626 758 72 great great JJ 23626 758 73 extent extent NN 23626 758 74 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 758 75 chemical chemical JJ 23626 758 76 composition composition NN 23626 758 77 . . . 23626 759 1 So so IN 23626 759 2 that that IN 23626 759 3 we -PRON- PRP 23626 759 4 find find VBP 23626 759 5 the the DT 23626 759 6 stone stone NN 23626 759 7 composed compose VBN 23626 759 8 of of IN 23626 759 9 about about RB 23626 759 10 a a DT 23626 759 11 quarter quarter NN 23626 759 12 of of IN 23626 759 13 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 759 14 substance substance NN 23626 759 15 of of IN 23626 759 16 alumina alumina NNP 23626 759 17 , , , 23626 759 18 or or CC 23626 759 19 oxide oxide NN 23626 759 20 of of IN 23626 759 21 aluminium aluminium NN 23626 759 22 , , , 23626 759 23 silica silica NN 23626 759 24 to to IN 23626 759 25 the the DT 23626 759 26 extent extent NN 23626 759 27 of of IN 23626 759 28 almost almost RB 23626 759 29 half half NN 23626 759 30 , , , 23626 759 31 the the DT 23626 759 32 remainder remainder NN 23626 759 33 being be VBG 23626 759 34 lime lime NN 23626 759 35 , , , 23626 759 36 soda soda NN 23626 759 37 , , , 23626 759 38 sulphur sulphur NNP 23626 759 39 , , , 23626 759 40 and and CC 23626 759 41 occasionally occasionally RB 23626 759 42 traces trace NNS 23626 759 43 of of IN 23626 759 44 copper copper NN 23626 759 45 and and CC 23626 759 46 iron iron NN 23626 759 47 . . . 23626 760 1 It -PRON- PRP 23626 760 2 is be VBZ 23626 760 3 mostly mostly RB 23626 760 4 found find VBN 23626 760 5 in in IN 23626 760 6 granite granite NN 23626 760 7 and and CC 23626 760 8 certain certain JJ 23626 760 9 crystalline crystalline NN 23626 760 10 limestone limestone NN 23626 760 11 rocks rock NNS 23626 760 12 , , , 23626 760 13 in in IN 23626 760 14 fairly fairly RB 23626 760 15 large large JJ 23626 760 16 masses masse NNS 23626 760 17 . . . 23626 761 1 It -PRON- PRP 23626 761 2 is be VBZ 23626 761 3 of of IN 23626 761 4 great great JJ 23626 761 5 antiquity antiquity NN 23626 761 6 , , , 23626 761 7 figuring figure VBG 23626 761 8 extensively extensively RB 23626 761 9 in in IN 23626 761 10 ancient ancient JJ 23626 761 11 Egyptian egyptian JJ 23626 761 12 history history NN 23626 761 13 , , , 23626 761 14 both both CC 23626 761 15 in in IN 23626 761 16 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 761 17 form form NN 23626 761 18 as as IN 23626 761 19 a a DT 23626 761 20 stone stone NN 23626 761 21 and and CC 23626 761 22 ground grind VBD 23626 761 23 up up RP 23626 761 24 into into IN 23626 761 25 a a DT 23626 761 26 pigment pigment NN 23626 761 27 for for IN 23626 761 28 the the DT 23626 761 29 decoration decoration NN 23626 761 30 of of IN 23626 761 31 sacred sacred JJ 23626 761 32 and and CC 23626 761 33 royal royal JJ 23626 761 34 vessels vessel NNS 23626 761 35 and and CC 23626 761 36 appointments appointment NNS 23626 761 37 . . . 23626 762 1 When when WRB 23626 762 2 so so RB 23626 762 3 ground ground NN 23626 762 4 , , , 23626 762 5 it -PRON- PRP 23626 762 6 forms form VBZ 23626 762 7 the the DT 23626 762 8 stable stable JJ 23626 762 9 and and CC 23626 762 10 magnificent magnificent JJ 23626 762 11 colour colour NN 23626 762 12 , , , 23626 762 13 _ _ NNP 23626 762 14 genuine genuine JJ 23626 762 15 _ _ NNP 23626 762 16 ultramarine ultramarine NN 23626 762 17 , , , 23626 762 18 which which WDT 23626 762 19 is be VBZ 23626 762 20 the the DT 23626 762 21 finest fine JJS 23626 762 22 and and CC 23626 762 23 purest pure JJS 23626 762 24 blue blue JJ 23626 762 25 on on IN 23626 762 26 the the DT 23626 762 27 artist artist NN 23626 762 28 's 's POS 23626 762 29 palette palette NN 23626 762 30 , , , 23626 762 31 but but CC 23626 762 32 owing owe VBG 23626 762 33 to to IN 23626 762 34 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 762 35 extremely extremely RB 23626 762 36 high high JJ 23626 762 37 price price NN 23626 762 38 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 762 39 use use NN 23626 762 40 is be VBZ 23626 762 41 not not RB 23626 762 42 in in IN 23626 762 43 very very RB 23626 762 44 great great JJ 23626 762 45 demand demand NN 23626 762 46 , , , 23626 762 47 especially especially RB 23626 762 48 as as IN 23626 762 49 many many JJ 23626 762 50 excellent excellent JJ 23626 762 51 chemical chemical NN 23626 762 52 substitutes substitute NNS 23626 762 53 of of IN 23626 762 54 equal equal JJ 23626 762 55 permanence permanence NN 23626 762 56 are be VBP 23626 762 57 obtainable obtainable JJ 23626 762 58 at at IN 23626 762 59 little little JJ 23626 762 60 cost cost NN 23626 762 61 . . . 23626 763 1 _ _ NNP 23626 763 2 The the DT 23626 763 3 Turquoise Turquoise NNP 23626 763 4 . . . 23626 763 5 _ _ NNP 23626 763 6 The the DT 23626 763 7 turquoise turquoise NN 23626 763 8 is be VBZ 23626 763 9 a a DT 23626 763 10 pseudomorph pseudomorph NN 23626 763 11 ( ( -LRB- 23626 763 12 see see VB 23626 763 13 Chapter Chapter NNP 23626 763 14 IV IV NNP 23626 763 15 . . NNP 23626 763 16 , , , 23626 763 17 " " `` 23626 763 18 Cleavage cleavage VB 23626 763 19 . . . 23626 763 20 " " '' 23626 763 21 ) ) -RRB- 23626 764 1 In in IN 23626 764 2 colour colour NN 23626 764 3 it -PRON- PRP 23626 764 4 is be VBZ 23626 764 5 blue blue JJ 23626 764 6 or or CC 23626 764 7 greenish greenish NN 23626 764 8 - - HYPH 23626 764 9 blue blue JJ 23626 764 10 , , , 23626 764 11 sometimes sometimes RB 23626 764 12 opaque opaque JJ 23626 764 13 , , , 23626 764 14 varying vary VBG 23626 764 15 between between IN 23626 764 16 that that DT 23626 764 17 and and CC 23626 764 18 feeble feeble JJ 23626 764 19 translucency translucency NN 23626 764 20 , , , 23626 764 21 though though IN 23626 764 22 it -PRON- PRP 23626 764 23 should should MD 23626 764 24 be be VB 23626 764 25 said say VBN 23626 764 26 that that IN 23626 764 27 in in IN 23626 764 28 all all DT 23626 764 29 forms form NNS 23626 764 30 , , , 23626 764 31 even even RB 23626 764 32 those those DT 23626 764 33 considered consider VBN 23626 764 34 opaque opaque NN 23626 764 35 , , , 23626 764 36 a a DT 23626 764 37 thin thin JJ 23626 764 38 cutting cutting NN 23626 764 39 of of IN 23626 764 40 the the DT 23626 764 41 stone stone NN 23626 764 42 appears appear VBZ 23626 764 43 almost almost RB 23626 764 44 transparent transparent JJ 23626 764 45 , , , 23626 764 46 so so IN 23626 764 47 that that IN 23626 764 48 the the DT 23626 764 49 usual usual JJ 23626 764 50 classing classing NN 23626 764 51 of of IN 23626 764 52 it -PRON- PRP 23626 764 53 among among IN 23626 764 54 the the DT 23626 764 55 opaque opaque JJ 23626 764 56 stones stone NNS 23626 764 57 must must MD 23626 764 58 be be VB 23626 764 59 done do VBN 23626 764 60 with with IN 23626 764 61 this this DT 23626 764 62 reservation reservation NN 23626 764 63 . . . 23626 765 1 In in IN 23626 765 2 composition composition NN 23626 765 3 it -PRON- PRP 23626 765 4 contains contain VBZ 23626 765 5 about about IN 23626 765 6 20 20 CD 23626 765 7 per per NN 23626 765 8 cent cent NN 23626 765 9 . . . 23626 766 1 of of IN 23626 766 2 water water NN 23626 766 3 , , , 23626 766 4 about about RB 23626 766 5 a a DT 23626 766 6 third third NN 23626 766 7 of of IN 23626 766 8 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 766 9 substance substance NN 23626 766 10 being be VBG 23626 766 11 phosphoric phosphoric NN 23626 766 12 acid acid NN 23626 766 13 , , , 23626 766 14 or or CC 23626 766 15 phosphorus phosphorus NN 23626 766 16 - - HYPH 23626 766 17 pentoxide pentoxide NN 23626 766 18 ; ; : 23626 766 19 sometimes sometimes RB 23626 766 20 nearly nearly RB 23626 766 21 half half NN 23626 766 22 of of IN 23626 766 23 it -PRON- PRP 23626 766 24 is be VBZ 23626 766 25 alumina alumina NNP 23626 766 26 , , , 23626 766 27 with with IN 23626 766 28 small small JJ 23626 766 29 quantities quantity NNS 23626 766 30 of of IN 23626 766 31 iron iron NN 23626 766 32 in in IN 23626 766 33 the the DT 23626 766 34 form form NN 23626 766 35 of of IN 23626 766 36 variously variously RB 23626 766 37 coloured colour VBN 23626 766 38 oxides oxide NNS 23626 766 39 , , , 23626 766 40 with with IN 23626 766 41 oxide oxide NN 23626 766 42 of of IN 23626 766 43 manganese manganese NNP 23626 766 44 . . . 23626 767 1 The the DT 23626 767 2 great great JJ 23626 767 3 proportion proportion NN 23626 767 4 of of IN 23626 767 5 water water NN 23626 767 6 , , , 23626 767 7 which which WDT 23626 767 8 it -PRON- PRP 23626 767 9 seems seem VBZ 23626 767 10 to to TO 23626 767 11 take take VB 23626 767 12 up up RP 23626 767 13 during during IN 23626 767 14 formation formation NN 23626 767 15 , , , 23626 767 16 is be VBZ 23626 767 17 mostly mostly RB 23626 767 18 obtained obtain VBN 23626 767 19 in in IN 23626 767 20 the the DT 23626 767 21 cavities cavity NNS 23626 767 22 of of IN 23626 767 23 weathered weathered JJ 23626 767 24 and and CC 23626 767 25 moisture moisture NN 23626 767 26 - - HYPH 23626 767 27 decomposing decompose VBG 23626 767 28 rocks rock NNS 23626 767 29 . . . 23626 768 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 768 2 average average JJ 23626 768 3 formula formula NN 23626 768 4 may may MD 23626 768 5 be be VB 23626 768 6 said say VBN 23626 768 7 to to TO 23626 768 8 be be VB 23626 768 9 Al_{2}O_{3}P_{2}O_{5 Al_{2}O_{3}P_{2}O_{5 NNPS 23626 768 10 } } -RRB- 23626 768 11 + + CC 23626 768 12 5H_{2}O 5h_{2}o CD 23626 768 13 , , , 23626 768 14 and and CC 23626 768 15 sometimes sometimes RB 23626 768 16 Al_{2}O_{3 al_{2}o_{3 VB 23626 768 17 } } -RRB- 23626 768 18 FeOP_{2}O_{5 FeOP_{2}O_{5 NNP 23626 768 19 } } -RRB- 23626 768 20 + + CC 23626 768 21 5H_{2}O. 5h_{2}o. CD 23626 769 1 It -PRON- PRP 23626 769 2 must must MD 23626 769 3 therefore therefore RB 23626 769 4 follow follow VB 23626 769 5 that that IN 23626 769 6 when when WRB 23626 769 7 the the DT 23626 769 8 stone stone NN 23626 769 9 is be VBZ 23626 769 10 heated heated JJ 23626 769 11 , , , 23626 769 12 this this DT 23626 769 13 water water NN 23626 769 14 will will MD 23626 769 15 separate separate VB 23626 769 16 and and CC 23626 769 17 be be VB 23626 769 18 given give VBN 23626 769 19 off off RP 23626 769 20 in in IN 23626 769 21 steam steam NN 23626 769 22 , , , 23626 769 23 which which WDT 23626 769 24 is be VBZ 23626 769 25 found find VBN 23626 769 26 to to TO 23626 769 27 be be VB 23626 769 28 the the DT 23626 769 29 case case NN 23626 769 30 . . . 23626 770 1 The the DT 23626 770 2 water water NN 23626 770 3 comes come VBZ 23626 770 4 off off RP 23626 770 5 rapidly rapidly RB 23626 770 6 , , , 23626 770 7 the the DT 23626 770 8 colour colour NN 23626 770 9 of of IN 23626 770 10 the the DT 23626 770 11 stone stone NN 23626 770 12 altering alter VBG 23626 770 13 meanwhile meanwhile RB 23626 770 14 from from IN 23626 770 15 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 770 16 blue blue JJ 23626 770 17 or or CC 23626 770 18 blue blue JJ 23626 770 19 - - HYPH 23626 770 20 green green JJ 23626 770 21 to to IN 23626 770 22 brown brown NNP 23626 770 23 . . . 23626 771 1 If if IN 23626 771 2 the the DT 23626 771 3 heat heat NN 23626 771 4 is be VBZ 23626 771 5 continued continue VBN 23626 771 6 sufficiently sufficiently RB 23626 771 7 long long RB 23626 771 8 , , , 23626 771 9 this this DT 23626 771 10 brown brown NN 23626 771 11 will will MD 23626 771 12 deepen deepen VB 23626 771 13 to to IN 23626 771 14 black black JJ 23626 771 15 , , , 23626 771 16 while while IN 23626 771 17 the the DT 23626 771 18 flame flame NN 23626 771 19 is be VBZ 23626 771 20 turned turn VBN 23626 771 21 green green JJ 23626 771 22 . . . 23626 772 1 This this DT 23626 772 2 is be VBZ 23626 772 3 one one CD 23626 772 4 of of IN 23626 772 5 the the DT 23626 772 6 tests test NNS 23626 772 7 for for IN 23626 772 8 turquoise turquoise NN 23626 772 9 , , , 23626 772 10 but but CC 23626 772 11 as as IN 23626 772 12 the the DT 23626 772 13 stone stone NN 23626 772 14 is be VBZ 23626 772 15 destroyed destroy VBN 23626 772 16 in in IN 23626 772 17 the the DT 23626 772 18 process process NN 23626 772 19 , , , 23626 772 20 the the DT 23626 772 21 experiment experiment NN 23626 772 22 should should MD 23626 772 23 be be VB 23626 772 24 made make VBN 23626 772 25 on on IN 23626 772 26 a a DT 23626 772 27 splinter splinter NN 23626 772 28 from from IN 23626 772 29 it -PRON- PRP 23626 772 30 . . . 23626 773 1 This this DT 23626 773 2 stone stone NN 23626 773 3 is be VBZ 23626 773 4 of of IN 23626 773 5 very very RB 23626 773 6 ancient ancient JJ 23626 773 7 origin origin NN 23626 773 8 , , , 23626 773 9 and and CC 23626 773 10 many many JJ 23626 773 11 old old JJ 23626 773 12 turquoise turquoise NN 23626 773 13 deposits deposit NNS 23626 773 14 , , , 23626 773 15 now now RB 23626 773 16 empty empty JJ 23626 773 17 , , , 23626 773 18 have have VBP 23626 773 19 been be VBN 23626 773 20 discovered discover VBN 23626 773 21 in in IN 23626 773 22 various various JJ 23626 773 23 places place NNS 23626 773 24 . . . 23626 774 1 History history NN 23626 774 2 records record VBZ 23626 774 3 a a DT 23626 774 4 magnificent magnificent JJ 23626 774 5 turquoise turquoise NN 23626 774 6 being be VBG 23626 774 7 offered offer VBN 23626 774 8 in in IN 23626 774 9 Russia Russia NNP 23626 774 10 for for IN 23626 774 11 about about IN 23626 774 12 £ £ $ 23626 774 13 800 800 CD 23626 774 14 a a DT 23626 774 15 few few JJ 23626 774 16 centuries century NNS 23626 774 17 ago ago RB 23626 774 18 , , , 23626 774 19 which which WDT 23626 774 20 is be VBZ 23626 774 21 a a DT 23626 774 22 very very RB 23626 774 23 high high JJ 23626 774 24 price price NN 23626 774 25 for for IN 23626 774 26 these these DT 23626 774 27 comparatively comparatively RB 23626 774 28 common common JJ 23626 774 29 stones stone NNS 23626 774 30 . . . 23626 775 1 Owing owe VBG 23626 775 2 to to IN 23626 775 3 the the DT 23626 775 4 presence presence NN 23626 775 5 of of IN 23626 775 6 phosphorus phosphorus NN 23626 775 7 in in IN 23626 775 8 bones bone NNS 23626 775 9 , , , 23626 775 10 it -PRON- PRP 23626 775 11 is be VBZ 23626 775 12 not not RB 23626 775 13 uncommon uncommon JJ 23626 775 14 to to TO 23626 775 15 find find VB 23626 775 16 , , , 23626 775 17 in in IN 23626 775 18 certain certain JJ 23626 775 19 caves cave NNS 23626 775 20 which which WDT 23626 775 21 have have VBP 23626 775 22 been be VBN 23626 775 23 the the DT 23626 775 24 resort resort NN 23626 775 25 of of IN 23626 775 26 wild wild JJ 23626 775 27 animals animal NNS 23626 775 28 , , , 23626 775 29 or or CC 23626 775 30 into into IN 23626 775 31 which which WDT 23626 775 32 animals animal NNS 23626 775 33 have have VBP 23626 775 34 fallen fall VBN 23626 775 35 , , , 23626 775 36 that that IN 23626 775 37 bones bone NNS 23626 775 38 in in IN 23626 775 39 time time NN 23626 775 40 become become VBN 23626 775 41 subjected subject VBN 23626 775 42 to to IN 23626 775 43 the the DT 23626 775 44 oozing oozing NN 23626 775 45 and and CC 23626 775 46 moisture moisture NN 23626 775 47 of of IN 23626 775 48 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 775 49 surroundings surrounding NNS 23626 775 50 ; ; : 23626 775 51 alumina alumina NNP 23626 775 52 , , , 23626 775 53 as as RB 23626 775 54 well well RB 23626 775 55 as as IN 23626 775 56 the the DT 23626 775 57 oxides oxide NNS 23626 775 58 of of IN 23626 775 59 copper copper NN 23626 775 60 , , , 23626 775 61 manganese manganese JJ 23626 775 62 and and CC 23626 775 63 iron iron NN 23626 775 64 , , , 23626 775 65 are be VBP 23626 775 66 often often RB 23626 775 67 washed wash VBN 23626 775 68 across across RB 23626 775 69 and and CC 23626 775 70 over over IN 23626 775 71 these these DT 23626 775 72 bones bone NNS 23626 775 73 lying lie VBG 23626 775 74 on on IN 23626 775 75 the the DT 23626 775 76 cave cave NN 23626 775 77 floor floor NN 23626 775 78 , , , 23626 775 79 so so IN 23626 775 80 that that IN 23626 775 81 in in IN 23626 775 82 time time NN 23626 775 83 , , , 23626 775 84 this this DT 23626 775 85 silt silt NN 23626 775 86 acts act VBZ 23626 775 87 on on IN 23626 775 88 the the DT 23626 775 89 substance substance NN 23626 775 90 of of IN 23626 775 91 the the DT 23626 775 92 bones bone NNS 23626 775 93 , , , 23626 775 94 forming form VBG 23626 775 95 a a DT 23626 775 96 variety variety NN 23626 775 97 of of IN 23626 775 98 turquoise turquoise NN 23626 775 99 of of IN 23626 775 100 exactly exactly RB 23626 775 101 the the DT 23626 775 102 same same JJ 23626 775 103 composition composition NN 23626 775 104 as as IN 23626 775 105 that that DT 23626 775 106 just just RB 23626 775 107 described describe VBD 23626 775 108 , , , 23626 775 109 and and CC 23626 775 110 of of IN 23626 775 111 the the DT 23626 775 112 same same JJ 23626 775 113 colour colour NN 23626 775 114 . . . 23626 776 1 So so IN 23626 776 2 that that IN 23626 776 3 around around IN 23626 776 4 the the DT 23626 776 5 bones bone NNS 23626 776 6 there there RB 23626 776 7 eventually eventually RB 23626 776 8 appears appear VBZ 23626 776 9 a a DT 23626 776 10 beautiful beautiful JJ 23626 776 11 turquoise turquoise NN 23626 776 12 casing case VBG 23626 776 13 ; ; : 23626 776 14 the the DT 23626 776 15 bone bone NN 23626 776 16 centre centre NN 23626 776 17 is be VBZ 23626 776 18 also also RB 23626 776 19 coloured colour VBN 23626 776 20 like like IN 23626 776 21 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 776 22 casing casing NN 23626 776 23 , , , 23626 776 24 though though IN 23626 776 25 not not RB 23626 776 26 entirely entirely RB 23626 776 27 losing lose VBG 23626 776 28 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 776 29 bony bony NN 23626 776 30 characteristics characteristic NNS 23626 776 31 , , , 23626 776 32 so so IN 23626 776 33 that that IN 23626 776 34 it -PRON- PRP 23626 776 35 really really RB 23626 776 36 forms form VBZ 23626 776 37 a a DT 23626 776 38 kind kind NN 23626 776 39 of of IN 23626 776 40 ossified ossified JJ 23626 776 41 turquoise turquoise NN 23626 776 42 , , , 23626 776 43 surrounded surround VBN 23626 776 44 by by IN 23626 776 45 real real JJ 23626 776 46 turquoise turquoise NN 23626 776 47 , , , 23626 776 48 and and CC 23626 776 49 this this DT 23626 776 50 is be VBZ 23626 776 51 called call VBN 23626 776 52 the the DT 23626 776 53 " " `` 23626 776 54 bone bone NN 23626 776 55 turquoise turquoise NN 23626 776 56 " " '' 23626 776 57 or or CC 23626 776 58 " " `` 23626 776 59 odontolite odontolite JJ 23626 776 60 . . . 23626 776 61 " " '' 23626 777 1 INDEX INDEX NNP 23626 777 2 Adamantine Adamantine NNP 23626 777 3 lustre lustre NN 23626 777 4 , , , 23626 777 5 28 28 CD 23626 777 6 glimmering glimmering NN 23626 777 7 , , , 23626 777 8 29 29 CD 23626 777 9 glinting glinting NN 23626 777 10 , , , 23626 777 11 or or CC 23626 777 12 glistening glistening NN 23626 777 13 , , , 23626 777 14 29 29 CD 23626 777 15 lustreless lustreless NN 23626 777 16 , , , 23626 777 17 29 29 CD 23626 777 18 shining shine VBG 23626 777 19 , , , 23626 777 20 29 29 CD 23626 777 21 splendent splendent NN 23626 777 22 , , , 23626 777 23 29 29 CD 23626 777 24 Agate agate NN 23626 777 25 , , , 23626 777 26 11 11 CD 23626 777 27 Almandine Almandine NNP 23626 777 28 , , , 23626 777 29 101 101 CD 23626 777 30 Amethyst Amethyst NNP 23626 777 31 , , , 23626 777 32 11 11 CD 23626 777 33 oriental oriental JJ 23626 777 34 , , , 23626 777 35 85 85 CD 23626 777 36 sapphire sapphire NN 23626 777 37 , , , 23626 777 38 85 85 CD 23626 777 39 Amorphous amorphous JJ 23626 777 40 stones stone NNS 23626 777 41 and and CC 23626 777 42 their -PRON- PRP$ 23626 777 43 characteristics characteristic NNS 23626 777 44 , , , 23626 777 45 23 23 CD 23626 777 46 Analysis Analysis NNP 23626 777 47 , , , 23626 777 48 5 5 CD 23626 777 49 Aplome aplome NN 23626 777 50 , , , 23626 777 51 101 101 CD 23626 777 52 Asters Asters NNPS 23626 777 53 , , , 23626 777 54 or or CC 23626 777 55 asteriated asteriate VBN 23626 777 56 stones stone NNS 23626 777 57 , , , 23626 777 58 82 82 CD 23626 777 59 , , , 23626 777 60 87 87 CD 23626 777 61 - - SYM 23626 777 62 91 91 CD 23626 777 63 Azure Azure NNP 23626 777 64 - - HYPH 23626 777 65 stone stone NN 23626 777 66 , , , 23626 777 67 103 103 CD 23626 777 68 Beryl Beryl NNP 23626 777 69 , , , 23626 777 70 10 10 CD 23626 777 71 , , , 23626 777 72 94 94 CD 23626 777 73 colours colour NNS 23626 777 74 of of IN 23626 777 75 , , , 23626 777 76 in in IN 23626 777 77 dichroscope dichroscope NNP 23626 777 78 , , , 23626 777 79 34 34 CD 23626 777 80 Beryllium Beryllium NNP 23626 777 81 , , , 23626 777 82 10 10 CD 23626 777 83 Bezils bezil NNS 23626 777 84 , , , 23626 777 85 66 66 CD 23626 777 86 Black black JJ 23626 777 87 stones stone NNS 23626 777 88 , , , 23626 777 89 list list NN 23626 777 90 of of IN 23626 777 91 , , , 23626 777 92 79 79 CD 23626 777 93 Blue blue JJ 23626 777 94 sapphire sapphire NN 23626 777 95 , , , 23626 777 96 composition composition NN 23626 777 97 of of IN 23626 777 98 the the DT 23626 777 99 , , , 23626 777 100 10 10 CD 23626 777 101 stones stone NNS 23626 777 102 , , , 23626 777 103 list list NN 23626 777 104 of of IN 23626 777 105 , , , 23626 777 106 77 77 CD 23626 777 107 Bone Bone NNP 23626 777 108 - - HYPH 23626 777 109 turquoise turquoise NN 23626 777 110 , , , 23626 777 111 106 106 CD 23626 777 112 Break Break NNP 23626 777 113 , , , 23626 777 114 as as IN 23626 777 115 opposed oppose VBN 23626 777 116 to to TO 23626 777 117 cleavage cleavage VB 23626 777 118 , , , 23626 777 119 19 19 CD 23626 777 120 Brilliant brilliant JJ 23626 777 121 - - HYPH 23626 777 122 cut cut VBN 23626 777 123 stones stone NNS 23626 777 124 , , , 23626 777 125 66 66 CD 23626 777 126 Brown brown JJ 23626 777 127 stones stone NNS 23626 777 128 , , , 23626 777 129 list list NN 23626 777 130 of of IN 23626 777 131 , , , 23626 777 132 76 76 CD 23626 777 133 Building building NN 23626 777 134 up up IN 23626 777 135 of of IN 23626 777 136 crystals crystal NNS 23626 777 137 , , , 23626 777 138 13 13 CD 23626 777 139 Burnt burn VBN 23626 777 140 , , , 23626 777 141 or or CC 23626 777 142 pinked pinked JJ 23626 777 143 topaz topaz NN 23626 777 144 , , , 23626 777 145 92 92 CD 23626 777 146 Cabochon Cabochon NNP 23626 777 147 - - HYPH 23626 777 148 cut cut VBN 23626 777 149 stones stone NNS 23626 777 150 , , , 23626 777 151 64 64 CD 23626 777 152 ( ( -LRB- 23626 777 153 the the DT 23626 777 154 double double JJ 23626 777 155 ) ) -RRB- 23626 777 156 , , , 23626 777 157 65 65 CD 23626 777 158 ( ( -LRB- 23626 777 159 the the DT 23626 777 160 hollow hollow JJ 23626 777 161 ) ) -RRB- 23626 777 162 , , , 23626 777 163 65 65 CD 23626 777 164 Carbonate Carbonate NNP 23626 777 165 series series NN 23626 777 166 , , , 23626 777 167 11 11 CD 23626 777 168 Carbuncle Carbuncle NNP 23626 777 169 , , , 23626 777 170 102 102 CD 23626 777 171 , , , 23626 777 172 103 103 CD 23626 777 173 Cat Cat NNP 23626 777 174 of of IN 23626 777 175 Egypt Egypt NNP 23626 777 176 , , , 23626 777 177 89 89 CD 23626 777 178 Cat Cat NNP 23626 777 179 's 's POS 23626 777 180 eye eye NN 23626 777 181 stones stone NNS 23626 777 182 , , , 23626 777 183 82 82 CD 23626 777 184 , , , 23626 777 185 87 87 CD 23626 777 186 - - SYM 23626 777 187 91 91 CD 23626 777 188 list list NN 23626 777 189 of of IN 23626 777 190 ( ( -LRB- 23626 777 191 see see VB 23626 777 192 " " `` 23626 777 193 Chatoyant Chatoyant NNP 23626 777 194 Stones Stones NNPS 23626 777 195 " " '' 23626 777 196 ) ) -RRB- 23626 777 197 , , , 23626 777 198 78 78 CD 23626 777 199 Ceylonese ceylonese JJ 23626 777 200 cat cat NN 23626 777 201 's 's POS 23626 777 202 eye eye NN 23626 777 203 ( ( -LRB- 23626 777 204 see see VB 23626 777 205 " " `` 23626 777 206 Cat Cat NNP 23626 777 207 's 's POS 23626 777 208 eye eye NN 23626 777 209 " " '' 23626 777 210 ) ) -RRB- 23626 777 211 Change change NN 23626 777 212 of of IN 23626 777 213 colour colour NN 23626 777 214 ( ( -LRB- 23626 777 215 not not RB 23626 777 216 to to TO 23626 777 217 be be VB 23626 777 218 confused confuse VBN 23626 777 219 with with IN 23626 777 220 " " `` 23626 777 221 Play play NN 23626 777 222 of of IN 23626 777 223 colour colour NN 23626 777 224 " " '' 23626 777 225 and and CC 23626 777 226 " " `` 23626 777 227 Opalescence Opalescence NNP 23626 777 228 , , , 23626 777 229 " " '' 23626 777 230 which which WDT 23626 777 231 see see VBP 23626 777 232 ; ; : 23626 777 233 see see VB 23626 777 234 also also RB 23626 777 235 " " `` 23626 777 236 Fire Fire NNP 23626 777 237 " " '' 23626 777 238 ) ) -RRB- 23626 777 239 , , , 23626 777 240 36 36 CD 23626 777 241 Characteristics characteristic NNS 23626 777 242 of of IN 23626 777 243 precious precious JJ 23626 777 244 stones stone NNS 23626 777 245 , , , 23626 777 246 1 1 CD 23626 777 247 , , , 23626 777 248 3 3 CD 23626 777 249 Chatoyant chatoyant JJ 23626 777 250 stones stone NNS 23626 777 251 , , , 23626 777 252 list list NN 23626 777 253 of of IN 23626 777 254 , , , 23626 777 255 78 78 CD 23626 777 256 Chemical Chemical NNP 23626 777 257 illustration illustration NN 23626 777 258 of of IN 23626 777 259 formation formation NN 23626 777 260 of of IN 23626 777 261 precious precious JJ 23626 777 262 stones stone NNS 23626 777 263 , , , 23626 777 264 8 8 CD 23626 777 265 Chloride chloride NN 23626 777 266 of of IN 23626 777 267 palladium palladium NN 23626 777 268 in in IN 23626 777 269 dichroscope dichroscope NNP 23626 777 270 , , , 23626 777 271 34 34 CD 23626 777 272 Chrysoberyl Chrysoberyl NNP 23626 777 273 , , , 23626 777 274 88 88 CD 23626 777 275 Chrysolite Chrysolite NNP 23626 777 276 , , , 23626 777 277 11 11 CD 23626 777 278 ordinary ordinary JJ 23626 777 279 , , , 23626 777 280 or or CC 23626 777 281 " " `` 23626 777 282 noble noble JJ 23626 777 283 " " '' 23626 777 284 , , , 23626 777 285 85 85 CD 23626 777 286 oriental oriental JJ 23626 777 287 , , , 23626 777 288 85 85 CD 23626 777 289 Cinnamon Cinnamon NNP 23626 777 290 stone stone NN 23626 777 291 , , , 23626 777 292 102 102 CD 23626 777 293 Claims claim NNS 23626 777 294 of of IN 23626 777 295 precious precious JJ 23626 777 296 stones stone NNS 23626 777 297 , , , 23626 777 298 4 4 CD 23626 777 299 Cleavage cleavage NN 23626 777 300 affecting affect VBG 23626 777 301 tests test NNS 23626 777 302 , , , 23626 777 303 43 43 CD 23626 777 304 and and CC 23626 777 305 " " `` 23626 777 306 cleavage cleavage VB 23626 777 307 " " '' 23626 777 308 as as IN 23626 777 309 opposed oppose VBN 23626 777 310 to to TO 23626 777 311 " " `` 23626 777 312 break break VB 23626 777 313 " " '' 23626 777 314 , , , 23626 777 315 19 19 CD 23626 777 316 , , , 23626 777 317 22 22 CD 23626 777 318 Colour Colour NNP 23626 777 319 , , , 23626 777 320 26 26 CD 23626 777 321 , , , 23626 777 322 28 28 CD 23626 777 323 , , , 23626 777 324 30 30 CD 23626 777 325 , , , 23626 777 326 32 32 CD 23626 777 327 Colourless Colourless NNP 23626 777 328 stones stone NNS 23626 777 329 , , , 23626 777 330 list list NN 23626 777 331 of of IN 23626 777 332 , , , 23626 777 333 75 75 CD 23626 777 334 Colours colour NNS 23626 777 335 and and CC 23626 777 336 characteristics characteristic NNS 23626 777 337 of of IN 23626 777 338 the the DT 23626 777 339 various various JJ 23626 777 340 opals opal NNS 23626 777 341 , , , 23626 777 342 35 35 CD 23626 777 343 , , , 23626 777 344 36 36 CD 23626 777 345 of of IN 23626 777 346 precious precious JJ 23626 777 347 stones stone NNS 23626 777 348 , , , 23626 777 349 list list NN 23626 777 350 of of IN 23626 777 351 , , , 23626 777 352 75 75 CD 23626 777 353 - - SYM 23626 777 354 79 79 CD 23626 777 355 Common common JJ 23626 777 356 garnet garnet NN 23626 777 357 , , , 23626 777 358 101 101 CD 23626 777 359 opal opal NN 23626 777 360 , , , 23626 777 361 35 35 CD 23626 777 362 Composite composite JJ 23626 777 363 crystals crystal NNS 23626 777 364 , , , 23626 777 365 13 13 CD 23626 777 366 Composition composition NN 23626 777 367 of of IN 23626 777 368 paste paste NN 23626 777 369 , , , 23626 777 370 or or CC 23626 777 371 strass strass NN 23626 777 372 , , , 23626 777 373 for for IN 23626 777 374 imitation imitation NN 23626 777 375 stones stone NNS 23626 777 376 , , , 23626 777 377 71 71 CD 23626 777 378 Composition composition NN 23626 777 379 of of IN 23626 777 380 precious precious JJ 23626 777 381 stones stone NNS 23626 777 382 , , , 23626 777 383 7 7 CD 23626 777 384 Converted converted JJ 23626 777 385 stones stone NNS 23626 777 386 , , , 23626 777 387 72 72 CD 23626 777 388 Corundum Corundum NNP 23626 777 389 , , , 23626 777 390 82 82 CD 23626 777 391 Crown Crown NNP 23626 777 392 portion portion NN 23626 777 393 of of IN 23626 777 394 stones stone NNS 23626 777 395 , , , 23626 777 396 65 65 CD 23626 777 397 , , , 23626 777 398 66 66 CD 23626 777 399 Crystalline crystalline JJ 23626 777 400 structure structure NN 23626 777 401 , , , 23626 777 402 physical physical JJ 23626 777 403 properties property NNS 23626 777 404 , , , 23626 777 405 of of IN 23626 777 406 13 13 CD 23626 777 407 Crystallography Crystallography NNP 23626 777 408 , , , 23626 777 409 14 14 CD 23626 777 410 Crystals Crystals NNPS 23626 777 411 , , , 23626 777 412 axes axis NNS 23626 777 413 of of IN 23626 777 414 symmetry symmetry NN 23626 777 415 , , , 23626 777 416 15 15 CD 23626 777 417 groups group NNS 23626 777 418 of of IN 23626 777 419 , , , 23626 777 420 15 15 CD 23626 777 421 , , , 23626 777 422 16 16 CD 23626 777 423 planes plane NNS 23626 777 424 of of IN 23626 777 425 symmetry symmetry NN 23626 777 426 , , , 23626 777 427 15 15 CD 23626 777 428 systems system NNS 23626 777 429 of of IN 23626 777 430 , , , 23626 777 431 16 16 CD 23626 777 432 ( ( -LRB- 23626 777 433 1 1 LS 23626 777 434 ) ) -RRB- 23626 777 435 Cubic cubic JJ 23626 777 436 -- -- : 23626 777 437 isometric isometric NN 23626 777 438 , , , 23626 777 439 monometric monometric NN 23626 777 440 , , , 23626 777 441 regular regular JJ 23626 777 442 , , , 23626 777 443 16 16 CD 23626 777 444 ( ( -LRB- 23626 777 445 2 2 CD 23626 777 446 ) ) -RRB- 23626 777 447 Hexagonal hexagonal JJ 23626 777 448 -- -- : 23626 777 449 rhombohedral rhombohedral JJ 23626 777 450 , , , 23626 777 451 16 16 CD 23626 777 452 ( ( -LRB- 23626 777 453 3 3 CD 23626 777 454 ) ) -RRB- 23626 777 455 Tetragonal tetragonal NN 23626 777 456 -- -- : 23626 777 457 quadratic quadratic JJ 23626 777 458 , , , 23626 777 459 square square JJ 23626 777 460 prismatic prismatic JJ 23626 777 461 , , , 23626 777 462 dimetric dimetric JJ 23626 777 463 , , , 23626 777 464 pyramidal pyramidal JJ 23626 777 465 , , , 23626 777 466 16 16 CD 23626 777 467 ( ( -LRB- 23626 777 468 4 4 CD 23626 777 469 ) ) -RRB- 23626 777 470 Rhombic rhombic JJ 23626 777 471 -- -- : 23626 777 472 orthorhombic orthorhombic JJ 23626 777 473 , , , 23626 777 474 prismatic prismatic JJ 23626 777 475 , , , 23626 777 476 trimetric trimetric JJ 23626 777 477 , , , 23626 777 478 16 16 CD 23626 777 479 ( ( -LRB- 23626 777 480 5 5 CD 23626 777 481 ) ) -RRB- 23626 777 482 Monoclinic monoclinic JJ 23626 777 483 -- -- : 23626 777 484 clinorhombic clinorhombic JJ 23626 777 485 , , , 23626 777 486 monosymmetric monosymmetric JJ 23626 777 487 , , , 23626 777 488 oblique oblique NNP 23626 777 489 , , , 23626 777 490 16 16 CD 23626 777 491 , , , 23626 777 492 17 17 CD 23626 777 493 ( ( -LRB- 23626 777 494 6 6 CD 23626 777 495 ) ) -RRB- 23626 777 496 Triclinic Triclinic NNP 23626 777 497 -- -- : 23626 777 498 anorthic anorthic JJ 23626 777 499 , , , 23626 777 500 asymmetric asymmetric NNP 23626 777 501 , , , 23626 777 502 16 16 CD 23626 777 503 , , , 23626 777 504 17 17 CD 23626 777 505 treatment treatment NN 23626 777 506 of of IN 23626 777 507 , , , 23626 777 508 14 14 CD 23626 777 509 Culasse Culasse NNP 23626 777 510 portion portion NN 23626 777 511 of of IN 23626 777 512 stones stone NNS 23626 777 513 , , , 23626 777 514 66 66 CD 23626 777 515 Cullinan Cullinan NNP 23626 777 516 diamond diamond NN 23626 777 517 ( ( -LRB- 23626 777 518 see see VB 23626 777 519 also also RB 23626 777 520 " " `` 23626 777 521 Stars star NNS 23626 777 522 of of IN 23626 777 523 Africa Africa NNP 23626 777 524 " " '' 23626 777 525 ) ) -RRB- 23626 777 526 , , , 23626 777 527 22 22 CD 23626 777 528 , , , 23626 777 529 64 64 CD 23626 777 530 , , , 23626 777 531 68 68 CD 23626 777 532 , , , 23626 777 533 80 80 CD 23626 777 534 Cutting cutting NN 23626 777 535 of of IN 23626 777 536 precious precious JJ 23626 777 537 stones stone NNS 23626 777 538 , , , 23626 777 539 3 3 CD 23626 777 540 , , , 23626 777 541 4 4 CD 23626 777 542 , , , 23626 777 543 62 62 CD 23626 777 544 Cymophane Cymophane NNP 23626 777 545 , , , 23626 777 546 90 90 CD 23626 777 547 Definition definition NN 23626 777 548 of of IN 23626 777 549 a a DT 23626 777 550 precious precious JJ 23626 777 551 stone stone NN 23626 777 552 , , , 23626 777 553 1 1 CD 23626 777 554 Diamond Diamond NNP 23626 777 555 , , , 23626 777 556 characteristics characteristic NNS 23626 777 557 of of IN 23626 777 558 the the DT 23626 777 559 , , , 23626 777 560 80 80 CD 23626 777 561 composition composition NN 23626 777 562 of of IN 23626 777 563 the the DT 23626 777 564 , , , 23626 777 565 10 10 CD 23626 777 566 ( ( -LRB- 23626 777 567 sapphire sapphire NN 23626 777 568 ) ) -RRB- 23626 777 569 , , , 23626 777 570 86 86 CD 23626 777 571 unique unique JJ 23626 777 572 , , , 23626 777 573 10 10 CD 23626 777 574 ( ( -LRB- 23626 777 575 zircon zircon NNP 23626 777 576 ) ) -RRB- 23626 777 577 , , , 23626 777 578 99 99 CD 23626 777 579 Diaphaneity diaphaneity NN 23626 777 580 , , , 23626 777 581 26 26 CD 23626 777 582 , , , 23626 777 583 28 28 CD 23626 777 584 Diaphanous diaphanous JJ 23626 777 585 stones stone NNS 23626 777 586 , , , 23626 777 587 28 28 CD 23626 777 588 Dichroscope Dichroscope NNP 23626 777 589 , , , 23626 777 590 33 33 CD 23626 777 591 how how WRB 23626 777 592 to to TO 23626 777 593 make make VB 23626 777 594 a a DT 23626 777 595 , , , 23626 777 596 33 33 CD 23626 777 597 how how WRB 23626 777 598 to to TO 23626 777 599 use use VB 23626 777 600 a a DT 23626 777 601 , , , 23626 777 602 34 34 CD 23626 777 603 Dimorphism dimorphism NN 23626 777 604 in in IN 23626 777 605 precious precious JJ 23626 777 606 stones stone NNS 23626 777 607 , , , 23626 777 608 25 25 CD 23626 777 609 Double double JJ 23626 777 610 cabochon cabochon NN 23626 777 611 - - HYPH 23626 777 612 cut cut VBN 23626 777 613 stones stone NNS 23626 777 614 , , , 23626 777 615 65 65 CD 23626 777 616 refraction refraction NN 23626 777 617 ( ( -LRB- 23626 777 618 see see VB 23626 777 619 " " `` 23626 777 620 Refraction refraction NN 23626 777 621 " " '' 23626 777 622 ) ) -RRB- 23626 777 623 Doublets doublet NNS 23626 777 624 , , , 23626 777 625 72 72 CD 23626 777 626 Electric electric JJ 23626 777 627 and and CC 23626 777 628 magnetic magnetic JJ 23626 777 629 influences influence NNS 23626 777 630 , , , 23626 777 631 57 57 CD 23626 777 632 experiments experiment NNS 23626 777 633 with with IN 23626 777 634 precious precious JJ 23626 777 635 stones stone NNS 23626 777 636 and and CC 23626 777 637 pithball pithball NN 23626 777 638 and and CC 23626 777 639 electroscope electroscope NN 23626 777 640 , , , 23626 777 641 57 57 CD 23626 777 642 experiments experiment NNS 23626 777 643 with with IN 23626 777 644 tourmaline tourmaline NN 23626 777 645 , , , 23626 777 646 58 58 CD 23626 777 647 , , , 23626 777 648 59 59 CD 23626 777 649 Emerald Emerald NNP 23626 777 650 , , , 23626 777 651 10 10 CD 23626 777 652 , , , 23626 777 653 11 11 CD 23626 777 654 , , , 23626 777 655 95 95 CD 23626 777 656 , , , 23626 777 657 96 96 CD 23626 777 658 oriental oriental JJ 23626 777 659 , , , 23626 777 660 85 85 CD 23626 777 661 En En NNP 23626 777 662 cabochon cabochon NN 23626 777 663 - - HYPH 23626 777 664 cut cut VBN 23626 777 665 stones stone NNS 23626 777 666 , , , 23626 777 667 64 64 CD 23626 777 668 Experiments experiment NNS 23626 777 669 to to TO 23626 777 670 show show VB 23626 777 671 electric electric JJ 23626 777 672 polarity polarity NN 23626 777 673 , , , 23626 777 674 58 58 CD 23626 777 675 , , , 23626 777 676 59 59 CD 23626 777 677 Facets facet NNS 23626 777 678 in in IN 23626 777 679 stones stone NNS 23626 777 680 , , , 23626 777 681 description description NN 23626 777 682 of of IN 23626 777 683 the the DT 23626 777 684 , , , 23626 777 685 67 67 CD 23626 777 686 , , , 23626 777 687 68 68 CD 23626 777 688 Feminine feminine JJ 23626 777 689 stones stone NNS 23626 777 690 , , , 23626 777 691 85 85 CD 23626 777 692 Fire fire NN 23626 777 693 in in IN 23626 777 694 stones stone NNS 23626 777 695 ( ( -LRB- 23626 777 696 see see VB 23626 777 697 also also RB 23626 777 698 " " `` 23626 777 699 Change change NN 23626 777 700 of of IN 23626 777 701 Colour Colour NNP 23626 777 702 , , , 23626 777 703 " " '' 23626 777 704 " " `` 23626 777 705 Opalescence Opalescence NNP 23626 777 706 , , , 23626 777 707 " " '' 23626 777 708 and and CC 23626 777 709 " " `` 23626 777 710 Play play NN 23626 777 711 of of IN 23626 777 712 Colour Colour NNP 23626 777 713 " " '' 23626 777 714 ) ) -RRB- 23626 777 715 , , , 23626 777 716 36 36 CD 23626 777 717 , , , 23626 777 718 37 37 CD 23626 777 719 Fire fire NN 23626 777 720 opal opal NN 23626 777 721 , , , 23626 777 722 35 35 CD 23626 777 723 Flame flame NN 23626 777 724 - - HYPH 23626 777 725 coloured coloured JJ 23626 777 726 stones stone NNS 23626 777 727 , , , 23626 777 728 list list NN 23626 777 729 of of IN 23626 777 730 , , , 23626 777 731 76 76 CD 23626 777 732 Flaws flaw NNS 23626 777 733 , , , 23626 777 734 63 63 CD 23626 777 735 Formation formation NN 23626 777 736 of of IN 23626 777 737 precious precious JJ 23626 777 738 stones stone NNS 23626 777 739 , , , 23626 777 740 5 5 CD 23626 777 741 , , , 23626 777 742 8 8 CD 23626 777 743 chemical chemical NN 23626 777 744 illustration illustration NN 23626 777 745 of of IN 23626 777 746 , , , 23626 777 747 8 8 CD 23626 777 748 , , , 23626 777 749 9 9 CD 23626 777 750 Garnet Garnet NNP 23626 777 751 , , , 23626 777 752 11 11 CD 23626 777 753 , , , 23626 777 754 100 100 CD 23626 777 755 Garnets garnet NNS 23626 777 756 ( ( -LRB- 23626 777 757 A a NN 23626 777 758 ) ) -RRB- 23626 777 759 iron iron NN 23626 777 760 - - HYPH 23626 777 761 alumina alumina NNP 23626 777 762 ( ( -LRB- 23626 777 763 called call VBN 23626 777 764 also also RB 23626 777 765 almandine almandine NN 23626 777 766 and and CC 23626 777 767 precious precious JJ 23626 777 768 or or CC 23626 777 769 oriental oriental JJ 23626 777 770 garnet garnet NN 23626 777 771 ) ) -RRB- 23626 777 772 , , , 23626 777 773 101 101 CD 23626 777 774 sub sub NN 23626 777 775 - - HYPH 23626 777 776 variety variety NN 23626 777 777 , , , 23626 777 778 common common JJ 23626 777 779 garnet garnet NN 23626 777 780 , , , 23626 777 781 101 101 CD 23626 777 782 ( ( -LRB- 23626 777 783 B b NN 23626 777 784 ) ) -RRB- 23626 777 785 lime lime NN 23626 777 786 - - HYPH 23626 777 787 iron iron NN 23626 777 788 , , , 23626 777 789 101 101 CD 23626 777 790 sub sub JJ 23626 777 791 - - HYPH 23626 777 792 variety variety NN 23626 777 793 aplome aplome NN 23626 777 794 , , , 23626 777 795 101 101 CD 23626 777 796 melanite melanite NN 23626 777 797 , , , 23626 777 798 101 101 CD 23626 777 799 pyreneite pyreneite NN 23626 777 800 , , , 23626 777 801 101 101 CD 23626 777 802 topazolite topazolite NN 23626 777 803 , , , 23626 777 804 101 101 CD 23626 777 805 ( ( -LRB- 23626 777 806 C C NNP 23626 777 807 ) ) -RRB- 23626 777 808 lime lime NN 23626 777 809 - - HYPH 23626 777 810 chrome chrome NN 23626 777 811 , , , 23626 777 812 101 101 CD 23626 777 813 , , , 23626 777 814 102 102 CD 23626 777 815 sub sub NN 23626 777 816 - - HYPH 23626 777 817 variety variety NN 23626 777 818 uwarowite uwarowite JJ 23626 777 819 , , , 23626 777 820 101 101 CD 23626 777 821 , , , 23626 777 822 102 102 CD 23626 777 823 ( ( -LRB- 23626 777 824 D d NN 23626 777 825 ) ) -RRB- 23626 777 826 lime lime NN 23626 777 827 - - HYPH 23626 777 828 alumina alumina NNP 23626 777 829 , , , 23626 777 830 102 102 CD 23626 777 831 sub sub NN 23626 777 832 - - HYPH 23626 777 833 variety variety NN 23626 777 834 cinnamon cinnamon NN 23626 777 835 stone stone NN 23626 777 836 , , , 23626 777 837 102 102 CD 23626 777 838 romanzovite romanzovite NN 23626 777 839 , , , 23626 777 840 102 102 CD 23626 777 841 succinite succinite NN 23626 777 842 , , , 23626 777 843 102 102 CD 23626 777 844 ( ( -LRB- 23626 777 845 E e NN 23626 777 846 ) ) -RRB- 23626 777 847 magnesia magnesia NNP 23626 777 848 - - HYPH 23626 777 849 alumina alumina NNP 23626 777 850 , , , 23626 777 851 102 102 CD 23626 777 852 , , , 23626 777 853 103 103 CD 23626 777 854 sub sub NN 23626 777 855 - - HYPH 23626 777 856 variety variety NN 23626 777 857 carbuncle carbuncle NN 23626 777 858 , , , 23626 777 859 or or CC 23626 777 860 anthrax anthrax NN 23626 777 861 , , , 23626 777 862 102 102 CD 23626 777 863 , , , 23626 777 864 103 103 CD 23626 777 865 noble noble JJ 23626 777 866 , , , 23626 777 867 103 103 CD 23626 777 868 pyrope pyrope NN 23626 777 869 , , , 23626 777 870 102 102 CD 23626 777 871 ( ( -LRB- 23626 777 872 F f NN 23626 777 873 ) ) -RRB- 23626 777 874 manganese manganese NNP 23626 777 875 - - HYPH 23626 777 876 alumina alumina NNP 23626 777 877 , , , 23626 777 878 103 103 CD 23626 777 879 sub sub NN 23626 777 880 - - HYPH 23626 777 881 variety variety NN 23626 777 882 spessartine spessartine NN 23626 777 883 , , , 23626 777 884 or or CC 23626 777 885 spessartite spessartite JJ 23626 777 886 , , , 23626 777 887 103 103 CD 23626 777 888 Girdle Girdle NNP 23626 777 889 portion portion NN 23626 777 890 of of IN 23626 777 891 a a DT 23626 777 892 stone stone NN 23626 777 893 , , , 23626 777 894 66 66 CD 23626 777 895 Glimmering Glimmering NNP 23626 777 896 , , , 23626 777 897 in in IN 23626 777 898 lustre lustre NNP 23626 777 899 , , , 23626 777 900 definition definition NN 23626 777 901 of of IN 23626 777 902 , , , 23626 777 903 29 29 CD 23626 777 904 Glinting glinting NN 23626 777 905 , , , 23626 777 906 or or CC 23626 777 907 glistening glistening NN 23626 777 908 in in IN 23626 777 909 lustre lustre NNP 23626 777 910 , , , 23626 777 911 definition definition NN 23626 777 912 of of IN 23626 777 913 , , , 23626 777 914 29 29 CD 23626 777 915 _ _ NNP 23626 777 916 Goutte Goutte NNP 23626 777 917 de de NNP 23626 777 918 suif_-cut suif_-cut NNP 23626 777 919 stones stone NNS 23626 777 920 , , , 23626 777 921 65 65 CD 23626 777 922 Great Great NNP 23626 777 923 Mogul Mogul NNP 23626 777 924 diamond diamond NN 23626 777 925 , , , 23626 777 926 64 64 CD 23626 777 927 Green green JJ 23626 777 928 stones stone NNS 23626 777 929 , , , 23626 777 930 list list NN 23626 777 931 of of IN 23626 777 932 , , , 23626 777 933 78 78 CD 23626 777 934 Groups group NNS 23626 777 935 of of IN 23626 777 936 crystals crystal NNS 23626 777 937 ( ( -LRB- 23626 777 938 see see VB 23626 777 939 " " `` 23626 777 940 Crystals Crystals NNPS 23626 777 941 " " '' 23626 777 942 ) ) -RRB- 23626 777 943 Hardness Hardness NNP 23626 777 944 , , , 23626 777 945 physical physical JJ 23626 777 946 properties property NNS 23626 777 947 of of IN 23626 777 948 , , , 23626 777 949 39 39 CD 23626 777 950 table table NN 23626 777 951 of of IN 23626 777 952 , , , 23626 777 953 39 39 CD 23626 777 954 , , , 23626 777 955 40 40 CD 23626 777 956 , , , 23626 777 957 41 41 CD 23626 777 958 Heat heat NN 23626 777 959 indexes index NNS 23626 777 960 , , , 23626 777 961 54 54 CD 23626 777 962 physical physical JJ 23626 777 963 properties property NNS 23626 777 964 of of IN 23626 777 965 , , , 23626 777 966 52 52 CD 23626 777 967 Hollow hollow JJ 23626 777 968 - - HYPH 23626 777 969 cabochon cabochon NN 23626 777 970 , , , 23626 777 971 65 65 CD 23626 777 972 Hyacinth hyacinth JJ 23626 777 973 , , , 23626 777 974 ordinary ordinary JJ 23626 777 975 ( ( -LRB- 23626 777 976 a a DT 23626 777 977 form form NN 23626 777 978 of of IN 23626 777 979 zircon zircon NN 23626 777 980 ) ) -RRB- 23626 777 981 , , , 23626 777 982 85 85 CD 23626 777 983 , , , 23626 777 984 98 98 CD 23626 777 985 oriental oriental JJ 23626 777 986 , , , 23626 777 987 85 85 CD 23626 777 988 Hyalite Hyalite NNP 23626 777 989 ( ( -LRB- 23626 777 990 opal opal NNP 23626 777 991 ) ) -RRB- 23626 777 992 , , , 23626 777 993 35 35 CD 23626 777 994 Hydrophane Hydrophane NNP 23626 777 995 ( ( -LRB- 23626 777 996 opal opal NNP 23626 777 997 ) ) -RRB- 23626 777 998 , , , 23626 777 999 35 35 CD 23626 777 1000 Imitations imitation NNS 23626 777 1001 and and CC 23626 777 1002 tests test NNS 23626 777 1003 of of IN 23626 777 1004 precious precious JJ 23626 777 1005 stones stone NNS 23626 777 1006 , , , 23626 777 1007 70 70 CD 23626 777 1008 Indigo Indigo NNP 23626 777 1009 sapphires sapphire NNS 23626 777 1010 , , , 23626 777 1011 86 86 CD 23626 777 1012 Ink ink NN 23626 777 1013 sapphires sapphire NNS 23626 777 1014 , , , 23626 777 1015 85 85 CD 23626 777 1016 Iridescence iridescence NN 23626 777 1017 , , , 23626 777 1018 and and CC 23626 777 1019 cause cause NN 23626 777 1020 of of IN 23626 777 1021 , , , 23626 777 1022 37 37 CD 23626 777 1023 , , , 23626 777 1024 38 38 CD 23626 777 1025 Iron Iron NNP 23626 777 1026 - - HYPH 23626 777 1027 alumina alumina NNP 23626 777 1028 garnets garnet NNS 23626 777 1029 , , , 23626 777 1030 101 101 CD 23626 777 1031 Jacinth jacinth JJ 23626 777 1032 , , , 23626 777 1033 oriental oriental JJ 23626 777 1034 , , , 23626 777 1035 85 85 CD 23626 777 1036 Jarcon Jarcon NNP 23626 777 1037 , , , 23626 777 1038 or or CC 23626 777 1039 jargoon jargoon NN 23626 777 1040 , , , 23626 777 1041 98 98 CD 23626 777 1042 Koh Koh NNP 23626 777 1043 - - HYPH 23626 777 1044 i i NNP 23626 777 1045 - - HYPH 23626 777 1046 nûr nûr NNP 23626 777 1047 , , , 23626 777 1048 64 64 CD 23626 777 1049 Lapis lapis NN 23626 777 1050 - - HYPH 23626 777 1051 lazuli lazuli NNP 23626 777 1052 , , , 23626 777 1053 103 103 CD 23626 777 1054 Light light JJ 23626 777 1055 , , , 23626 777 1056 physical physical JJ 23626 777 1057 properties property NNS 23626 777 1058 of of IN 23626 777 1059 , , , 23626 777 1060 26 26 CD 23626 777 1061 Lime Lime NNP 23626 777 1062 - - HYPH 23626 777 1063 alumina alumina NNP 23626 777 1064 garnets garnet NNS 23626 777 1065 , , , 23626 777 1066 102 102 CD 23626 777 1067 cinnamon cinnamon NN 23626 777 1068 stone stone NN 23626 777 1069 , , , 23626 777 1070 102 102 CD 23626 777 1071 romanzovite romanzovite NN 23626 777 1072 , , , 23626 777 1073 102 102 CD 23626 777 1074 succinite succinite NN 23626 777 1075 , , , 23626 777 1076 102 102 CD 23626 777 1077 Lime lime NN 23626 777 1078 - - HYPH 23626 777 1079 chrome chrome NN 23626 777 1080 garnets garnet NNS 23626 777 1081 , , , 23626 777 1082 101 101 CD 23626 777 1083 , , , 23626 777 1084 102 102 CD 23626 777 1085 uwarowite uwarowite JJ 23626 777 1086 , , , 23626 777 1087 101 101 CD 23626 777 1088 , , , 23626 777 1089 102 102 CD 23626 777 1090 Lime lime NN 23626 777 1091 - - HYPH 23626 777 1092 iron iron NN 23626 777 1093 garnets garnet NNS 23626 777 1094 , , , 23626 777 1095 101 101 CD 23626 777 1096 aplome aplome NN 23626 777 1097 , , , 23626 777 1098 101 101 CD 23626 777 1099 pyreneite pyreneite NN 23626 777 1100 , , , 23626 777 1101 101 101 CD 23626 777 1102 topazolite topazolite NN 23626 777 1103 , , , 23626 777 1104 101 101 CD 23626 777 1105 List List NNP 23626 777 1106 of of IN 23626 777 1107 stones stone NNS 23626 777 1108 according accord VBG 23626 777 1109 to to IN 23626 777 1110 colour colour NN 23626 777 1111 , , , 23626 777 1112 75 75 CD 23626 777 1113 - - SYM 23626 777 1114 79 79 CD 23626 777 1115 hardness hardness NN 23626 777 1116 , , , 23626 777 1117 39 39 CD 23626 777 1118 - - SYM 23626 777 1119 41 41 CD 23626 777 1120 specific specific JJ 23626 777 1121 gravity gravity NN 23626 777 1122 , , , 23626 777 1123 48 48 CD 23626 777 1124 - - SYM 23626 777 1125 50 50 CD 23626 777 1126 Lustre Lustre NNP 23626 777 1127 , , , 23626 777 1128 26 26 CD 23626 777 1129 , , , 23626 777 1130 28 28 CD 23626 777 1131 Lustreless lustreless NN 23626 777 1132 , , , 23626 777 1133 definition definition NN 23626 777 1134 of of IN 23626 777 1135 , , , 23626 777 1136 29 29 CD 23626 777 1137 Lynx Lynx NNP 23626 777 1138 - - HYPH 23626 777 1139 eye eye NN 23626 777 1140 stones stone NNS 23626 777 1141 , , , 23626 777 1142 87 87 CD 23626 777 1143 Magnesia Magnesia NNP 23626 777 1144 - - HYPH 23626 777 1145 alumina alumina NNP 23626 777 1146 garnets garnets NNP 23626 777 1147 , , , 23626 777 1148 102 102 CD 23626 777 1149 , , , 23626 777 1150 103 103 CD 23626 777 1151 carbuncle carbuncle NN 23626 777 1152 , , , 23626 777 1153 or or CC 23626 777 1154 anthrax anthrax NN 23626 777 1155 , , , 23626 777 1156 102 102 CD 23626 777 1157 noble noble JJ 23626 777 1158 , , , 23626 777 1159 103 103 CD 23626 777 1160 pyrope pyrope NN 23626 777 1161 , , , 23626 777 1162 102 102 CD 23626 777 1163 Magnetic magnetic JJ 23626 777 1164 and and CC 23626 777 1165 electric electric JJ 23626 777 1166 influences influence NNS 23626 777 1167 , , , 23626 777 1168 57 57 CD 23626 777 1169 - - SYM 23626 777 1170 61 61 CD 23626 777 1171 Malachite Malachite NNP 23626 777 1172 , , , 23626 777 1173 11 11 CD 23626 777 1174 Manganese manganese JJ 23626 777 1175 - - HYPH 23626 777 1176 alumina alumina NN 23626 777 1177 garnets garnet NNS 23626 777 1178 , , , 23626 777 1179 103 103 CD 23626 777 1180 spessartine spessartine NN 23626 777 1181 , , , 23626 777 1182 or or CC 23626 777 1183 spessartite spessartite JJ 23626 777 1184 , , , 23626 777 1185 103 103 CD 23626 777 1186 Masculine masculine JJ 23626 777 1187 stones stone NNS 23626 777 1188 , , , 23626 777 1189 85 85 CD 23626 777 1190 Melanite Melanite NNP 23626 777 1191 , , , 23626 777 1192 101 101 CD 23626 777 1193 Menilite Menilite NNP 23626 777 1194 ( ( -LRB- 23626 777 1195 opal opal NN 23626 777 1196 ) ) -RRB- 23626 777 1197 , , , 23626 777 1198 36 36 CD 23626 777 1199 Metallic Metallic NNP 23626 777 1200 - - HYPH 23626 777 1201 lustre lustre NNP 23626 777 1202 stones stone NNS 23626 777 1203 , , , 23626 777 1204 28 28 CD 23626 777 1205 , , , 23626 777 1206 29 29 CD 23626 777 1207 Mohs Mohs NNP 23626 777 1208 's 's POS 23626 777 1209 table table NN 23626 777 1210 of of IN 23626 777 1211 hardness hardness NN 23626 777 1212 , , , 23626 777 1213 39 39 CD 23626 777 1214 - - SYM 23626 777 1215 41 41 CD 23626 777 1216 Noble noble JJ 23626 777 1217 garnet garnet NN 23626 777 1218 , , , 23626 777 1219 103 103 CD 23626 777 1220 or or CC 23626 777 1221 precious precious JJ 23626 777 1222 opal opal NN 23626 777 1223 , , , 23626 777 1224 35 35 CD 23626 777 1225 Non non JJ 23626 777 1226 - - JJ 23626 777 1227 diaphanous diaphanous JJ 23626 777 1228 stones stone NNS 23626 777 1229 , , , 23626 777 1230 28 28 CD 23626 777 1231 Odontolite Odontolite NNP 23626 777 1232 , , , 23626 777 1233 106 106 CD 23626 777 1234 Olivine olivine NN 23626 777 1235 corundum corundum NN 23626 777 1236 ( ( -LRB- 23626 777 1237 see see VB 23626 777 1238 " " `` 23626 777 1239 Chrysolite Chrysolite NNP 23626 777 1240 " " '' 23626 777 1241 ) ) -RRB- 23626 777 1242 , , , 23626 777 1243 85 85 CD 23626 777 1244 Opal Opal NNP 23626 777 1245 , , , 23626 777 1246 11 11 CD 23626 777 1247 varieties variety NNS 23626 777 1248 of of IN 23626 777 1249 , , , 23626 777 1250 35 35 CD 23626 777 1251 , , , 23626 777 1252 36 36 CD 23626 777 1253 Opalescence opalescence NN 23626 777 1254 ( ( -LRB- 23626 777 1255 not not RB 23626 777 1256 to to TO 23626 777 1257 be be VB 23626 777 1258 confused confuse VBN 23626 777 1259 with with IN 23626 777 1260 " " `` 23626 777 1261 Change change NN 23626 777 1262 of of IN 23626 777 1263 Colour Colour NNP 23626 777 1264 " " '' 23626 777 1265 and and CC 23626 777 1266 " " `` 23626 777 1267 Play play NN 23626 777 1268 of of IN 23626 777 1269 Colour Colour NNP 23626 777 1270 , , , 23626 777 1271 " " '' 23626 777 1272 which which WDT 23626 777 1273 see see VBP 23626 777 1274 ; ; : 23626 777 1275 see see VB 23626 777 1276 also also RB 23626 777 1277 " " `` 23626 777 1278 Fire Fire NNP 23626 777 1279 " " '' 23626 777 1280 ) ) -RRB- 23626 777 1281 , , , 23626 777 1282 36 36 CD 23626 777 1283 , , , 23626 777 1284 37 37 CD 23626 777 1285 Oriental oriental JJ 23626 777 1286 amethyst amethyst NN 23626 777 1287 , , , 23626 777 1288 85 85 CD 23626 777 1289 cat cat NN 23626 777 1290 's 's POS 23626 777 1291 eye eye NN 23626 777 1292 ( ( -LRB- 23626 777 1293 see see VB 23626 777 1294 " " `` 23626 777 1295 Cat Cat NNP 23626 777 1296 's 's POS 23626 777 1297 eye eye NN 23626 777 1298 " " '' 23626 777 1299 ) ) -RRB- 23626 777 1300 emerald emerald NN 23626 777 1301 , , , 23626 777 1302 85 85 CD 23626 777 1303 garnet garnet NN 23626 777 1304 , , , 23626 777 1305 101 101 CD 23626 777 1306 topaz topaz NN 23626 777 1307 , , , 23626 777 1308 85 85 CD 23626 777 1309 Origin origin NN 23626 777 1310 of of IN 23626 777 1311 precious precious JJ 23626 777 1312 stones stone NNS 23626 777 1313 , , , 23626 777 1314 7 7 CD 23626 777 1315 Paste Paste NNP 23626 777 1316 , , , 23626 777 1317 or or CC 23626 777 1318 strass strass NN 23626 777 1319 , , , 23626 777 1320 for for IN 23626 777 1321 imitation imitation NN 23626 777 1322 stones stone NNS 23626 777 1323 , , , 23626 777 1324 composition composition NN 23626 777 1325 of of IN 23626 777 1326 , , , 23626 777 1327 71 71 CD 23626 777 1328 Pavilion pavilion NN 23626 777 1329 portion portion NN 23626 777 1330 of of IN 23626 777 1331 cut cut JJ 23626 777 1332 stones stone NNS 23626 777 1333 , , , 23626 777 1334 66 66 CD 23626 777 1335 Pearly pearly RB 23626 777 1336 - - HYPH 23626 777 1337 lustre lustre NNP 23626 777 1338 stones stone NNS 23626 777 1339 , , , 23626 777 1340 28 28 CD 23626 777 1341 , , , 23626 777 1342 29 29 CD 23626 777 1343 Peridot Peridot NNP 23626 777 1344 ( ( -LRB- 23626 777 1345 see see VB 23626 777 1346 " " `` 23626 777 1347 Noble Noble NNP 23626 777 1348 Chrysolite Chrysolite NNP 23626 777 1349 " " '' 23626 777 1350 ) ) -RRB- 23626 777 1351 , , , 23626 777 1352 85 85 CD 23626 777 1353 Pink pink JJ 23626 777 1354 - - HYPH 23626 777 1355 coloured colour VBN 23626 777 1356 stones stone NNS 23626 777 1357 , , , 23626 777 1358 list list NN 23626 777 1359 of of IN 23626 777 1360 ( ( -LRB- 23626 777 1361 see see VB 23626 777 1362 also also RB 23626 777 1363 Red Red NNP 23626 777 1364 ) ) -RRB- 23626 777 1365 , , , 23626 777 1366 77 77 CD 23626 777 1367 Pinked Pinked NNP 23626 777 1368 topaz topaz NN 23626 777 1369 , , , 23626 777 1370 92 92 CD 23626 777 1371 Phosphorescence Phosphorescence NNP 23626 777 1372 , , , 23626 777 1373 26 26 CD 23626 777 1374 , , , 23626 777 1375 30 30 CD 23626 777 1376 Physical physical JJ 23626 777 1377 properties:-- properties:-- CD 23626 777 1378 A.--Crystalline a.--crystalline NN 23626 777 1379 structure structure NN 23626 777 1380 , , , 23626 777 1381 13 13 CD 23626 777 1382 B.--Cleavage b.--cleavage NN 23626 777 1383 , , , 23626 777 1384 19 19 CD 23626 777 1385 C.--Light c.--light CD 23626 777 1386 , , , 23626 777 1387 26 26 CD 23626 777 1388 D.--Colour d.--colour CD 23626 777 1389 , , , 23626 777 1390 32 32 CD 23626 777 1391 E.--Hardness e.--hardness NN 23626 777 1392 , , , 23626 777 1393 39 39 CD 23626 777 1394 F.--Specific f.--specific CD 23626 777 1395 gravity gravity NN 23626 777 1396 , , , 23626 777 1397 45 45 CD 23626 777 1398 G.--Heat g.--heat NN 23626 777 1399 , , , 23626 777 1400 52 52 CD 23626 777 1401 H.--Magnetic h.--magnetic NN 23626 777 1402 and and CC 23626 777 1403 electric electric JJ 23626 777 1404 influences influence NNS 23626 777 1405 , , , 23626 777 1406 57 57 CD 23626 777 1407 Play play NN 23626 777 1408 of of IN 23626 777 1409 colour colour NN 23626 777 1410 ( ( -LRB- 23626 777 1411 not not RB 23626 777 1412 to to TO 23626 777 1413 be be VB 23626 777 1414 confused confuse VBN 23626 777 1415 with with IN 23626 777 1416 " " `` 23626 777 1417 Change change NN 23626 777 1418 of of IN 23626 777 1419 Colour Colour NNP 23626 777 1420 " " '' 23626 777 1421 and and CC 23626 777 1422 " " `` 23626 777 1423 Opalescence Opalescence NNP 23626 777 1424 , , , 23626 777 1425 " " '' 23626 777 1426 which which WDT 23626 777 1427 see see VBP 23626 777 1428 ; ; : 23626 777 1429 see see VB 23626 777 1430 also also RB 23626 777 1431 " " `` 23626 777 1432 Fire Fire NNP 23626 777 1433 " " '' 23626 777 1434 ) ) -RRB- 23626 777 1435 , , , 23626 777 1436 36 36 CD 23626 777 1437 , , , 23626 777 1438 37 37 CD 23626 777 1439 Pleochroism Pleochroism NNP 23626 777 1440 , , , 23626 777 1441 33 33 CD 23626 777 1442 Polarisation Polarisation NNP 23626 777 1443 , , , 23626 777 1444 electric electric JJ 23626 777 1445 , , , 23626 777 1446 58 58 CD 23626 777 1447 , , , 23626 777 1448 59 59 CD 23626 777 1449 of of IN 23626 777 1450 light light NN 23626 777 1451 , , , 23626 777 1452 26 26 CD 23626 777 1453 , , , 23626 777 1454 27 27 CD 23626 777 1455 Polariscope Polariscope NNP 23626 777 1456 , , , 23626 777 1457 27 27 CD 23626 777 1458 , , , 23626 777 1459 28 28 CD 23626 777 1460 Polishing polish VBG 23626 777 1461 precious precious JJ 23626 777 1462 stones stone NNS 23626 777 1463 , , , 23626 777 1464 3 3 CD 23626 777 1465 , , , 23626 777 1466 4 4 CD 23626 777 1467 Polymorphism Polymorphism NNP 23626 777 1468 in in IN 23626 777 1469 precious precious JJ 23626 777 1470 stones stone NNS 23626 777 1471 , , , 23626 777 1472 25 25 CD 23626 777 1473 Precious precious JJ 23626 777 1474 , , , 23626 777 1475 or or CC 23626 777 1476 noble noble JJ 23626 777 1477 opal opal NN 23626 777 1478 , , , 23626 777 1479 35 35 CD 23626 777 1480 Pseudomorphism pseudomorphism NN 23626 777 1481 in in IN 23626 777 1482 precious precious JJ 23626 777 1483 stones stone NNS 23626 777 1484 , , , 23626 777 1485 23 23 CD 23626 777 1486 , , , 23626 777 1487 24 24 CD 23626 777 1488 Pyreneite Pyreneite NNP 23626 777 1489 , , , 23626 777 1490 101 101 CD 23626 777 1491 Pyro pyro NN 23626 777 1492 - - HYPH 23626 777 1493 electricity electricity NN 23626 777 1494 , , , 23626 777 1495 development development NN 23626 777 1496 and and CC 23626 777 1497 behaviour behaviour NN 23626 777 1498 of of IN 23626 777 1499 , , , 23626 777 1500 58 58 CD 23626 777 1501 - - SYM 23626 777 1502 60 60 CD 23626 777 1503 Pyrope Pyrope NNP 23626 777 1504 , , , 23626 777 1505 102 102 CD 23626 777 1506 Qualities quality NNS 23626 777 1507 of of IN 23626 777 1508 precious precious JJ 23626 777 1509 stones stone NNS 23626 777 1510 , , , 23626 777 1511 1 1 CD 23626 777 1512 , , , 23626 777 1513 3 3 CD 23626 777 1514 Red Red NNP 23626 777 1515 and and CC 23626 777 1516 rose rise VBD 23626 777 1517 - - HYPH 23626 777 1518 coloured colour VBN 23626 777 1519 stones stone NNS 23626 777 1520 , , , 23626 777 1521 list list NN 23626 777 1522 of of IN 23626 777 1523 ( ( -LRB- 23626 777 1524 see see VB 23626 777 1525 also also RB 23626 777 1526 Pink Pink NNP 23626 777 1527 ) ) -RRB- 23626 777 1528 , , , 23626 777 1529 76 76 CD 23626 777 1530 , , , 23626 777 1531 77 77 CD 23626 777 1532 Reflection reflection NN 23626 777 1533 of of IN 23626 777 1534 light light NN 23626 777 1535 , , , 23626 777 1536 26 26 CD 23626 777 1537 , , , 23626 777 1538 28 28 CD 23626 777 1539 Refraction refraction NN 23626 777 1540 of of IN 23626 777 1541 heat heat NN 23626 777 1542 , , , 23626 777 1543 52 52 CD 23626 777 1544 - - SYM 23626 777 1545 55 55 CD 23626 777 1546 light light NN 23626 777 1547 , , , 23626 777 1548 26 26 CD 23626 777 1549 , , , 23626 777 1550 27 27 CD 23626 777 1551 Reproduction reproduction NN 23626 777 1552 of of IN 23626 777 1553 crystalline crystalline NN 23626 777 1554 form form NN 23626 777 1555 , , , 23626 777 1556 20 20 CD 23626 777 1557 , , , 23626 777 1558 21 21 CD 23626 777 1559 Resinous resinous JJ 23626 777 1560 lustre lustre NN 23626 777 1561 stones stone NNS 23626 777 1562 , , , 23626 777 1563 28 28 CD 23626 777 1564 , , , 23626 777 1565 29 29 CD 23626 777 1566 Rock rock NN 23626 777 1567 - - HYPH 23626 777 1568 crystal crystal NN 23626 777 1569 , , , 23626 777 1570 11 11 CD 23626 777 1571 Romanzovite Romanzovite NNP 23626 777 1572 , , , 23626 777 1573 102 102 CD 23626 777 1574 Rose Rose NNP 23626 777 1575 - - HYPH 23626 777 1576 coloured colour VBN 23626 777 1577 stones stone NNS 23626 777 1578 ( ( -LRB- 23626 777 1579 see see VB 23626 777 1580 Red Red NNP 23626 777 1581 , , , 23626 777 1582 above above RB 23626 777 1583 ) ) -RRB- 23626 777 1584 , , , 23626 777 1585 76 76 CD 23626 777 1586 , , , 23626 777 1587 77 77 CD 23626 777 1588 Rose Rose NNP 23626 777 1589 , , , 23626 777 1590 or or CC 23626 777 1591 rosette rosette NN 23626 777 1592 - - HYPH 23626 777 1593 cut cut VBN 23626 777 1594 stones stone NNS 23626 777 1595 , , , 23626 777 1596 65 65 CD 23626 777 1597 Rothschild Rothschild NNP 23626 777 1598 's 's POS 23626 777 1599 testing testing NN 23626 777 1600 solution solution NN 23626 777 1601 , , , 23626 777 1602 73 73 CD 23626 777 1603 Ruby Ruby NNP 23626 777 1604 , , , 23626 777 1605 characteristics characteristic NNS 23626 777 1606 of of IN 23626 777 1607 , , , 23626 777 1608 83 83 CD 23626 777 1609 composition composition NN 23626 777 1610 of of IN 23626 777 1611 , , , 23626 777 1612 10 10 CD 23626 777 1613 Sapphire Sapphire NNP 23626 777 1614 , , , 23626 777 1615 amethyst amethyst NN 23626 777 1616 , , , 23626 777 1617 85 85 CD 23626 777 1618 and and CC 23626 777 1619 its -PRON- PRP$ 23626 777 1620 varieties variety NNS 23626 777 1621 , , , 23626 777 1622 84 84 CD 23626 777 1623 , , , 23626 777 1624 85 85 CD 23626 777 1625 cleared clear VBD 23626 777 1626 , , , 23626 777 1627 86 86 CD 23626 777 1628 diamonds diamond NNS 23626 777 1629 , , , 23626 777 1630 87 87 CD 23626 777 1631 indigo indigo NNS 23626 777 1632 , , , 23626 777 1633 86 86 CD 23626 777 1634 ink ink NN 23626 777 1635 , , , 23626 777 1636 85 85 CD 23626 777 1637 the the DT 23626 777 1638 blue blue JJ 23626 777 1639 , , , 23626 777 1640 composition composition NN 23626 777 1641 of of IN 23626 777 1642 , , , 23626 777 1643 10 10 CD 23626 777 1644 , , , 23626 777 1645 85 85 CD 23626 777 1646 water water NN 23626 777 1647 , , , 23626 777 1648 86 86 CD 23626 777 1649 Semi semi JJ 23626 777 1650 - - JJ 23626 777 1651 diaphanous diaphanous JJ 23626 777 1652 stones stone NNS 23626 777 1653 , , , 23626 777 1654 28 28 CD 23626 777 1655 Shining shine VBG 23626 777 1656 , , , 23626 777 1657 in in IN 23626 777 1658 lustre lustre NNP 23626 777 1659 , , , 23626 777 1660 definition definition NN 23626 777 1661 of of IN 23626 777 1662 , , , 23626 777 1663 29 29 CD 23626 777 1664 Silica Silica NNP 23626 777 1665 group group NN 23626 777 1666 , , , 23626 777 1667 composition composition NN 23626 777 1668 of of IN 23626 777 1669 the the DT 23626 777 1670 , , , 23626 777 1671 11 11 CD 23626 777 1672 Silicates Silicates NNPS 23626 777 1673 , , , 23626 777 1674 100 100 CD 23626 777 1675 Silky Silky NNP 23626 777 1676 - - HYPH 23626 777 1677 lustre lustre NNP 23626 777 1678 stones stone NNS 23626 777 1679 , , , 23626 777 1680 28 28 CD 23626 777 1681 , , , 23626 777 1682 29 29 CD 23626 777 1683 Single single JJ 23626 777 1684 - - HYPH 23626 777 1685 refraction refraction NN 23626 777 1686 ( ( -LRB- 23626 777 1687 see see VB 23626 777 1688 " " `` 23626 777 1689 Refraction refraction NN 23626 777 1690 " " '' 23626 777 1691 ) ) -RRB- 23626 777 1692 South south JJ 23626 777 1693 African african JJ 23626 777 1694 diamond diamond NN 23626 777 1695 ( ( -LRB- 23626 777 1696 see see VB 23626 777 1697 " " `` 23626 777 1698 Cullinan Cullinan NNP 23626 777 1699 Diamond Diamond NNP 23626 777 1700 " " '' 23626 777 1701 ) ) -RRB- 23626 777 1702 Specific specific JJ 23626 777 1703 gravity gravity NN 23626 777 1704 , , , 23626 777 1705 45 45 CD 23626 777 1706 Splendent Splendent NNP 23626 777 1707 , , , 23626 777 1708 in in IN 23626 777 1709 lustre lustre NNP 23626 777 1710 , , , 23626 777 1711 definition definition NN 23626 777 1712 of of IN 23626 777 1713 , , , 23626 777 1714 29 29 CD 23626 777 1715 Splitting splitting NN 23626 777 1716 of of IN 23626 777 1717 the the DT 23626 777 1718 Cullinan Cullinan NNP 23626 777 1719 diamond diamond NN 23626 777 1720 , , , 23626 777 1721 22 22 CD 23626 777 1722 Star star NN 23626 777 1723 - - HYPH 23626 777 1724 portion portion NN 23626 777 1725 of of IN 23626 777 1726 stones stone NNS 23626 777 1727 , , , 23626 777 1728 65 65 CD 23626 777 1729 Stars star NNS 23626 777 1730 of of IN 23626 777 1731 Africa Africa NNP 23626 777 1732 ( ( -LRB- 23626 777 1733 see see VB 23626 777 1734 also also RB 23626 777 1735 " " `` 23626 777 1736 Cullinan Cullinan NNP 23626 777 1737 Diamond Diamond NNP 23626 777 1738 " " '' 23626 777 1739 ) ) -RRB- 23626 777 1740 , , , 23626 777 1741 22 22 CD 23626 777 1742 , , , 23626 777 1743 64 64 CD 23626 777 1744 , , , 23626 777 1745 68 68 CD 23626 777 1746 Starting start VBG 23626 777 1747 or or CC 23626 777 1748 splitting splitting NN 23626 777 1749 of of IN 23626 777 1750 stones stone NNS 23626 777 1751 on on IN 23626 777 1752 cleavage cleavage NN 23626 777 1753 planes plane NNS 23626 777 1754 , , , 23626 777 1755 23 23 CD 23626 777 1756 Step step NN 23626 777 1757 - - HYPH 23626 777 1758 cut cut VBN 23626 777 1759 stones stone NNS 23626 777 1760 , , , 23626 777 1761 66 66 CD 23626 777 1762 Stones stone NNS 23626 777 1763 arranged arrange VBD 23626 777 1764 according accord VBG 23626 777 1765 to to IN 23626 777 1766 colour colour NN 23626 777 1767 , , , 23626 777 1768 75 75 CD 23626 777 1769 - - SYM 23626 777 1770 79 79 CD 23626 777 1771 hardness hardness NN 23626 777 1772 , , , 23626 777 1773 39 39 CD 23626 777 1774 - - SYM 23626 777 1775 41 41 CD 23626 777 1776 specific specific JJ 23626 777 1777 gravity gravity NN 23626 777 1778 , , , 23626 777 1779 48 48 CD 23626 777 1780 - - SYM 23626 777 1781 50 50 CD 23626 777 1782 Strass strass NN 23626 777 1783 for for IN 23626 777 1784 imitation imitation NN 23626 777 1785 stones stone NNS 23626 777 1786 , , , 23626 777 1787 composition composition NN 23626 777 1788 of of IN 23626 777 1789 , , , 23626 777 1790 71 71 CD 23626 777 1791 Sub Sub NNP 23626 777 1792 - - HYPH 23626 777 1793 metallic metallic NNP 23626 777 1794 in in IN 23626 777 1795 lustre lustre NNP 23626 777 1796 , , , 23626 777 1797 definition definition NN 23626 777 1798 of of IN 23626 777 1799 , , , 23626 777 1800 29 29 CD 23626 777 1801 Sub sub JJ 23626 777 1802 - - HYPH 23626 777 1803 translucent translucent JJ 23626 777 1804 stones stone NNS 23626 777 1805 , , , 23626 777 1806 28 28 CD 23626 777 1807 Sub sub JJ 23626 777 1808 - - HYPH 23626 777 1809 transparent transparent JJ 23626 777 1810 stones stone NNS 23626 777 1811 , , , 23626 777 1812 28 28 CD 23626 777 1813 Succinite Succinite NNP 23626 777 1814 , , , 23626 777 1815 102 102 CD 23626 777 1816 Synthesis Synthesis NNP 23626 777 1817 , , , 23626 777 1818 5 5 CD 23626 777 1819 Systems system NNS 23626 777 1820 of of IN 23626 777 1821 crystals crystal NNS 23626 777 1822 ( ( -LRB- 23626 777 1823 see see VB 23626 777 1824 " " `` 23626 777 1825 Crystals Crystals NNPS 23626 777 1826 " " '' 23626 777 1827 ) ) -RRB- 23626 777 1828 Table table NN 23626 777 1829 - - HYPH 23626 777 1830 cut cut VBN 23626 777 1831 stones stone NNS 23626 777 1832 , , , 23626 777 1833 65 65 CD 23626 777 1834 Tallow Tallow NNP 23626 777 1835 drops drop NNS 23626 777 1836 , , , 23626 777 1837 65 65 CD 23626 777 1838 Teeth tooth NNS 23626 777 1839 of of IN 23626 777 1840 stone stone NN 23626 777 1841 , , , 23626 777 1842 65 65 CD 23626 777 1843 Testing testing NN 23626 777 1844 by by IN 23626 777 1845 crystalline crystalline NN 23626 777 1846 structure structure NN 23626 777 1847 , , , 23626 777 1848 17 17 CD 23626 777 1849 hardness hardness NN 23626 777 1850 , , , 23626 777 1851 40 40 CD 23626 777 1852 , , , 23626 777 1853 43 43 CD 23626 777 1854 with with IN 23626 777 1855 needles needle NNS 23626 777 1856 , , , 23626 777 1857 41 41 CD 23626 777 1858 gems gem NNS 23626 777 1859 by by IN 23626 777 1860 dichroscope dichroscope NNP 23626 777 1861 , , , 23626 777 1862 33 33 CD 23626 777 1863 , , , 23626 777 1864 34 34 CD 23626 777 1865 solution solution NN 23626 777 1866 ( ( -LRB- 23626 777 1867 Rothschild Rothschild NNP 23626 777 1868 's 's POS 23626 777 1869 ) ) -RRB- 23626 777 1870 , , , 23626 777 1871 73 73 CD 23626 777 1872 Tests test NNS 23626 777 1873 of of IN 23626 777 1874 precious precious JJ 23626 777 1875 stones stone NNS 23626 777 1876 ( ( -LRB- 23626 777 1877 general general NNP 23626 777 1878 ) ) -RRB- 23626 777 1879 , , , 23626 777 1880 70 70 CD 23626 777 1881 Topaz Topaz NNP 23626 777 1882 , , , 23626 777 1883 11 11 CD 23626 777 1884 , , , 23626 777 1885 91 91 CD 23626 777 1886 colours colour NNS 23626 777 1887 of of IN 23626 777 1888 , , , 23626 777 1889 in in IN 23626 777 1890 dichroscope dichroscope NNP 23626 777 1891 , , , 23626 777 1892 34 34 CD 23626 777 1893 oriental oriental JJ 23626 777 1894 , , , 23626 777 1895 85 85 CD 23626 777 1896 Topazolite Topazolite NNP 23626 777 1897 , , , 23626 777 1898 101 101 CD 23626 777 1899 Tourmaline Tourmaline NNP 23626 777 1900 , , , 23626 777 1901 96 96 CD 23626 777 1902 , , , 23626 777 1903 97 97 CD 23626 777 1904 electric electric JJ 23626 777 1905 experiments experiment NNS 23626 777 1906 with with IN 23626 777 1907 , , , 23626 777 1908 58 58 CD 23626 777 1909 , , , 23626 777 1910 59 59 CD 23626 777 1911 Translucent translucent JJ 23626 777 1912 stones stone NNS 23626 777 1913 , , , 23626 777 1914 28 28 CD 23626 777 1915 Transmission transmission NN 23626 777 1916 of of IN 23626 777 1917 heat heat NN 23626 777 1918 , , , 23626 777 1919 52 52 CD 23626 777 1920 - - SYM 23626 777 1921 56 56 CD 23626 777 1922 light light NN 23626 777 1923 , , , 23626 777 1924 26 26 CD 23626 777 1925 Transparent transparent JJ 23626 777 1926 stones stone NNS 23626 777 1927 , , , 23626 777 1928 28 28 CD 23626 777 1929 Trap trap NN 23626 777 1930 - - HYPH 23626 777 1931 cut cut VBN 23626 777 1932 stones stone NNS 23626 777 1933 , , , 23626 777 1934 66 66 CD 23626 777 1935 Tri tri NN 23626 777 1936 - - HYPH 23626 777 1937 morphism morphism NN 23626 777 1938 in in IN 23626 777 1939 precious precious JJ 23626 777 1940 stones stone NNS 23626 777 1941 , , , 23626 777 1942 25 25 CD 23626 777 1943 Triplets triplet NNS 23626 777 1944 , , , 23626 777 1945 72 72 CD 23626 777 1946 Turquoise Turquoise NNP 23626 777 1947 , , , 23626 777 1948 104 104 CD 23626 777 1949 ( ( -LRB- 23626 777 1950 bone bone NN 23626 777 1951 ) ) -RRB- 23626 777 1952 , , , 23626 777 1953 106 106 CD 23626 777 1954 composition composition NN 23626 777 1955 of of IN 23626 777 1956 the the DT 23626 777 1957 , , , 23626 777 1958 11 11 CD 23626 777 1959 odontolite odontolite NN 23626 777 1960 , , , 23626 777 1961 106 106 CD 23626 777 1962 Uwarowite Uwarowite NNP 23626 777 1963 , , , 23626 777 1964 101 101 CD 23626 777 1965 , , , 23626 777 1966 102 102 CD 23626 777 1967 Violet Violet NNP 23626 777 1968 stones stone NNS 23626 777 1969 , , , 23626 777 1970 list list NN 23626 777 1971 of of IN 23626 777 1972 , , , 23626 777 1973 78 78 CD 23626 777 1974 Vitreous Vitreous NNP 23626 777 1975 - - HYPH 23626 777 1976 lustre lustre NNP 23626 777 1977 stones stone NNS 23626 777 1978 , , , 23626 777 1979 28 28 CD 23626 777 1980 , , , 23626 777 1981 29 29 CD 23626 777 1982 Water water NN 23626 777 1983 - - HYPH 23626 777 1984 sapphires sapphire NNS 23626 777 1985 , , , 23626 777 1986 86 86 CD 23626 777 1987 White White NNP 23626 777 1988 ( ( -LRB- 23626 777 1989 paste paste NN 23626 777 1990 ) ) -RRB- 23626 777 1991 stones stone NNS 23626 777 1992 , , , 23626 777 1993 71 71 CD 23626 777 1994 stones stone NNS 23626 777 1995 , , , 23626 777 1996 list list NN 23626 777 1997 of of IN 23626 777 1998 , , , 23626 777 1999 75 75 CD 23626 777 2000 Yellow yellow JJ 23626 777 2001 stones stone NNS 23626 777 2002 , , , 23626 777 2003 list list NN 23626 777 2004 of of IN 23626 777 2005 , , , 23626 777 2006 76 76 CD 23626 777 2007 topaz topaz NN 23626 777 2008 , , , 23626 777 2009 92 92 CD 23626 777 2010 Zircon Zircon NNP 23626 777 2011 , , , 23626 777 2012 10 10 CD 23626 777 2013 , , , 23626 777 2014 98 98 CD 23626 777 2015 diamonds diamond NNS 23626 777 2016 , , , 23626 777 2017 99 99 CD 23626 777 2018 Zirconium Zirconium NNP 23626 777 2019 , , , 23626 777 2020 10 10 CD 23626 777 2021 LONDON LONDON NNP 23626 777 2022 : : : 23626 777 2023 PRINTED print VBN 23626 777 2024 BY by IN 23626 777 2025 WILLIAM WILLIAM NNP 23626 777 2026 CLOWES CLOWES NNP 23626 777 2027 AND and CC 23626 777 2028 SONS SONS NNP 23626 777 2029 , , , 23626 777 2030 LIMITED LIMITED NNP 23626 777 2031 , , , 23626 777 2032 GREAT GREAT NNP 23626 777 2033 WINDMILL WINDMILL NNP 23626 777 2034 STREET STREET NNP 23626 777 2035 , , , 23626 777 2036 W. W. NNP 23626 777 2037 , , , 23626 777 2038 AND and CC 23626 777 2039 DUKE DUKE NNP 23626 777 2040 STREET STREET NNP 23626 777 2041 , , , 23626 777 2042 STAMFORD STAMFORD NNP 23626 777 2043 STREET STREET NNP 23626 777 2044 , , , 23626 777 2045 S. S. NNP 23626 777 2046 E. E. NNP