vade mecum, or the necessary companion containing, . sir s. morland's perpetual almanack, in copper plates, with many useful tables proper thereto. . christian and regal years compar'd from the norman conquest. . the reduction of weights, measures. . the ready casting up any number of farthings, half-pence, pence, shillings, nobles, marks, and guinneys. . the interest, and rebate of money, the forebearance, discompt, and purchase of annuities. . the rates of post-letters, both inland and outland, with the post-stages. . the usual and authorized rates or fares for coach-men, carr-men, and water-men. playford, john, ca. - or . approx. kb of xml-encoded text transcribed from -bit group-iv tiff page images. text creation partnership, ann arbor, mi ; oxford (uk) : - (eebo-tcp phase ). a wing p estc r this keyboarded and encoded edition of the work described above is co-owned by the institutions providing financial support to the early english books online text creation partnership. this phase i text is available for reuse, according to the terms of creative commons . universal . the text can be copied, modified, distributed and performed, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission. early english books online. (eebo-tcp ; phase , no. a ) transcribed from: (early english books online ; image set ) images scanned from microfilm: (early english books, - ; : ) vade mecum, or the necessary companion containing, . sir s. morland's perpetual almanack, in copper plates, with many useful tables proper thereto. . christian and regal years compar'd from the norman conquest. . the reduction of weights, measures. . the ready casting up any number of farthings, half-pence, pence, shillings, nobles, marks, and guinneys. . the interest, and rebate of money, the forebearance, discompt, and purchase of annuities. . the rates of post-letters, both inland and outland, with the post-stages. . the usual and authorized rates or fares for coach-men, carr-men, and water-men. playford, john, ca. - or . morland, samuel, sir, - . mayne, john, fl. - . the second edition. to which is added, a companion for excise-men, containing mr. mayne's tables for excise, &c. [ ], , [ ], p. : ill. (tables) printed by a.g. and j.p. and are to be sold by t. passinger, at the three bibles on london-bridge, london : . epistle signed by john playford. with initial table of contents. in seven parts, each with a divisional title page; "a companion for excise-men, .." has a separate dated title page, pagination, and register; the first parts have continuous register from the beginning of text; the last parts have continuous register and pagination from "a companion for excise-men, ..". reproduction of the original at the british library. created by converting tcp files to tei p using tcp tei.xsl, tei @ oxford. re-processed by university of nebraska-lincoln and northwestern, with changes to facilitate morpho-syntactic tagging. gap elements of known extent have been transformed into placeholder characters or elements to simplify the filling in of gaps by user contributors. eebo-tcp is a partnership between the universities of michigan and oxford and the publisher proquest to create 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available at the text creation partnership web site . eng handbooks, vade-mecums, etc. -- early works to . ready-reckoners -- early works to . roads -- england -- early works to . great britain -- handbooks, manuals, etc. -- early works to . - tcp assigned for keying and markup - apex covantage keyed and coded from proquest page images - tcp staff (michigan) sampled and proofread - tcp staff (michigan) text and markup reviewed and edited - pfs batch review (qc) and xml conversion a vade mecvm , or the necessary companion . containing , . sir s. morland's perpetual almanack , in copper plates , with many useful tables proper thereto . . christian and regal years compar'd from the norman conquest . . the reduction of weights and measures . . the ready casting up any number of farthings , half-pence , pence , shillings , nobles , marks , and guinneys . . the interest , and rebate of money , the forbearance , discompt , and purchase of annuities . . the rates of post-letters , both inland and outland , with the post-stages . . the usual and authorized rates or fares of coach-men , carr-men , and water-men . the second edition . to which is added , a companion for excise-men , containing mr. mayne's tables for excise , &c. london , printed by a. g. and j. p. and are to be sold by t. passinger , at the three bibles on london-bridge . . to the right honourable robert earl of yarmouth , baron paston of paston , &c. and lord lieutenant of the county of norfolk . my lord , as the eminency of your virtues has render'd you the object of your princes favours : so your pious humility obliges all your inferiours to a just veneration of your honourable self . your lordships generosity i have particularly experimented , and have taken this opportunity to make a publick acknowledgment thereof . i have not only received favours from your lordship , but they have been repeated to me by the heir of your virtues as well as honours , the lord paston , to whom i shall always be obliged to pay a profound respect . the first impression of this book came abroad under the shelter of that learned mathematician sir jonas moore , who was pleased to patronize my weak endeavours : the decease of which worthy patron , and the worlds favourable acceptation of the following work , with a sence of your lordships goodness , have occasioned my presumption in fixing your lordships name to this second impression . for which i humbly crave your lordships pardon ; whereof to doubt , were to suspect your lordships clemency , and would render me unworthy the honour i sue for , of being , my lord , your lordships most humble and devoted servant , john playford . the preface . my profession obliging me to be conversant with mathematical books ( the printing whereof , and musick , has been my chiefest employment ) i have observ'd two things many 〈◊〉 the cause why books of this nature appear 〈◊〉 not so correct as they should be ; either , 〈◊〉 . because they are too much hastened from the 〈◊〉 , and not time enough allowed for the 〈◊〉 and deliberate examination of them ; 〈◊〉 in all books ought to be done , especially 〈◊〉 these , for as much as one false figure in a 〈◊〉 book , may prove a greater fault 〈◊〉 a whole word mistaken in books of another 〈◊〉 . or , . because persons take tables 〈◊〉 trust without trying them , and with them 〈◊〉 their errors , if not increase them . 〈◊〉 these i have carefully avoided , so that i 〈◊〉 reason to believe ( and think i may say 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 vanity ) there never was tables more 〈◊〉 printed than in this book , especially 〈◊〉 for money and annuities , for not trusting 〈◊〉 my first calculation of them , i new calculated every table when it was in print by the first printed sheet , and when i had so done , i strictly compar'd it with my first calculation , from which care i hope there is not one false figure in any of them . the perpetual almanack was the ingenious invention of that great improver of art , and encourager of artists , sir samuel morland , by whose rules i calculated the moveable feasts and terms , &c. to which i have added several useful tables , being partly collected , but examined , ( and clear'd from the faults contracted by often printing ) before inserted . the table for the ready casting up of money is generally useful , especially to all manner of tradesmen , it being applicable to any thing that concerns buying , selling , or retailing of commodities , for by it may not only be known , at a certain price the pound , yard , ell , &c. what any number of pounds , yards , ells , &c. at the same price amounts unto ; but also , any quantity of pounds , yards , &c. being bought by whole-sale , what they cost by the pound , yard , &c. and at what rate they may be retailed to gain such profit , as the buyer propos'd to himself in laying out his money . as 〈◊〉 example , a person buyes pounds of 〈◊〉 for l. and desires to retail it so as to gain 〈◊〉 what does it cost him per pound , and at what 〈◊〉 must he sell it per pound to make the aforesaid 〈◊〉 of it ? seek in the table 'till you find l. against , which you will find in page , at the top whereof you have three-pence , and so much did it cost him per pound . then to find how he must sell it to gain l. add the profit desired to the price paid , which together make l. and seek for that ( as before ) against , which you will find in page , at the top whereof is four-pence half-peny , and for so much must he sell each pound to gain l. many more are the uses of this table , of which to give a particular account would require a distinct treatise . the other tables , though very true , and useful in their kind , are not so general , and therefore the examples given of them in the book may suffice for their explanation . in these tables you may often have occasion to add together decimal fractions , for which take the following directions . addition of decimals is the same with addition of whole numbers , always observing to place them one under another in their proper places . decimals are cast up by tens , be the integer a pound , shilling , peny , farthing , or any thing else , and are distinguished from whole numbers by a point placed before each fraction . examples . to cast up the first example of pounds , i begin with the decimals , and say , and is and is , i set down and carry to the next rank ; then that i carried and is and is , i set down ( making a point before it to distinguish the fraction from the whole number ) and carry to the pounds ; then and is and is and is , i set down and carry ; then and is and is and is , which i set down , and the whole sum is l. and hundred parts of a pound . and after this manner are the other examples cast up . this i thought necessary to insert here , it being omitted in its proper place . to conclude , you will find nothing in this book but what is very useful , according to the truth of which , you may approve or dislike the endeavours of , your servant , john playford . the contents . a table shewing the dominical letter a table shewing what day of the week each month begins for ever pag. a table shewing the day of the month for ever pag. explanation of these tables pag. remarkable days pag. fixed feasts pag. moveable feasts pag. moveable terms pag. fixed terms and returns pag. a table shewing the day-break , twilight , and length of days and nights throughout the year pag. sun's rising and setting pag. changes of the moon pag. eclipses pag. tide-table pag. explanation pag. cities , market-towns , and parishes , in england and wales pag. expence of a day , what by the week , month , or year pag. expence of a year , what by the month , week , or day pag. a regal table pag. years of christ compared with the years of each king's reign from the conquest pag. reduction of weights and measures pag. reduction of pounds , shillings , &c. pag. farthings , pence , &c. ready cast up pag. explanation pag. nobles and marks ready cast up page 〈◊〉 ready cast up pag. simple interest of money , at per cent. pag. to find the interest of any sum of money , at any rate of interest for any number of days pag. rebate of money , at per cent. simple interest pag. forbearance of annuities , at per cent. compound interest pag. discompt of annuities , at per cent. compound interest pag. purchase of annuities , at per cent. compound interest pag. a table to supply the defect of years in the forbearance , discompt , and purchase of annuities pag. to find the value of a decimal fraction pag. the decimal parts of a pound sterling pag. rates of post-letters , inland and outland pag. times for sending and receiving them pag. post-stages , shewing the length of each stage , and their distance from london pag. coach-men's rates pag. carr-men's rates pag. water-men's rates pag. note , that the table to supply the defect of years in the tables of forbearance , discompt , and purchase of annuities , should have been placed next after them in page . and the table of the decimal parts of a pound should have been placed in page . sir samuel morland's perpetual almanack a table shewing the dominical letter from the first year of our lord to the year & may be continued for ever                 dc ed fe gf ag ba cb                                   dc ed fe gf ag ba cb b c d e f g a a b c d e f g g a b c d e f fe gf ag ba cb dc ed d e f g a b c c d e f g a b b c d e f g a ag ba cb dc ed fe gf f g a b c d e e f g a b c d d e f g a b c cb dc ed fe gf ag ba a b c d e f g g a b c d e f f g a b c d e   ed fe gf ag ba cb dc   c d e f g a b   b c d e f g a   a b c d e f g   gf ag ba cb dc ed fe   e f g a b c d   d e f g a b c   c d e f g a b   ba cb dc 〈◊〉 fe gf ag   g a b c d e f   f g a b c d e   e f g a b c d         a table shewing by the help of y e dominical letter what day of the week any month of the year begins for ever   a b c d e f g ian sund : satur : fryd : thur : wedn : tuesd : mun : feb wedn : tuesd : mund : sund : satur : fryd : thur : mar wedn : tuesd : mund : sund : satur : fryd : thur : apr satur : fryd : thur : wedn : tuesd : mund : sund : may mund : sund : satur : fryd : thur : wedn : tuesd : iun thur : wedn : thesd : mund : sund : satur : fryd : iuly satur : fryd : thur : wedn : tuesd : mund : sund : aug tuesd : mund : sund : satur : fryd : thur : wedn : sep fryd : thur : wedn : tuesd : mund : sund : satur : oct sund : satur : fryd : thur : wedn : tuesd : mund : nou wedn : tuesd : mund : sund : satur : fryd : thur : dec fryd : thur : wedn : tuesd : mund : sund : satur : the varieties of the days of 〈◊〉 week for finding 〈◊〉 day of the month. sund : mundays tuesdays wednesdays   thursdays   frydays   saturdays   mund : tuesdays wednesdays thursdays   frydays   saturdays   sundays   tuesd : wednesdays thursdays frydays   saturdays   sundays   mundays   wedn : thursdays frydays saturdays   sundays   mundays   tursdays   thursd : frydays saturdays sundays   mundays   tuesdays   wednesdays   fryd : saturdays sundays mundays   tuesdays   wednesdays   thursdays   saturd : sundays mundays tuesdays   wednesdays   thursdays   frydays   the vse of the three foregoing tables . . the first shews the dominical letter , from the first year of our lord to the year , ( and may easily be continued for ever . ) example . the dominical letters for any years under are expressed in the first column of letters , against the particular numbers in the margin , as the dominical letters for , , and , are d c ; for , , , and , the letter is b ; for , , , and , it is a , &c. but for all even hundreds or thousands ( which are always leap-years ) the dominical letters are set above them at the top of their respective columns , as for the years , , , , the dominical letters are d c ; for , , , , , e d , &c. and for any other number the rule is for ever this , where the marginal number ( equal to the fraction or part of an hundred sought ) meets with the column where the number of hundreds or thousands ( which is the other part of the number sought ) is exprest , the letter or letters there placed is the dominical letter or letters for that year ; as suppose the dominical letter for the year be demanded , under and against i find e , which is the dominical letter for that year ; or if it were for the year , under and against i find d c , which are the dominical letters for that year , the first of them d , being used only 'till st. matthias eve , and the other c , to the years end . and after this manner you may readily find the dominical letter for any year past , present , or to come , always beginning the year on the first of january . note , that every leap-year has two dominical letters , the first being used ( as aforesaid ) only 'till st. matthias's eve , and the last the remaining part of the year . also then february has days , otherwise but . . the second shews , how ( by the dominical letter ) to find what day of the week any month begins , for ever . example . vpon what day of the week does july , begin ? by the first table i find the dominical letter e for that year , then under e in the second table , and against july , i find tuesday , which answers the question . under every month is the number of days contained therein . . the third table shews , how ( by knowing what day of the week the month begins ) to find the day of the month. example . what day of the month is the second thursday in july , ? having found the month to begin on tuesday , i look in the division of this table beginning with that day , and against thursday , i find , , , , , which are all the thursdays in that month ; the second answering the question , being the th day . these tables are of excellent use , for by them may be readily found not only the present day of the month for ever ; but also , first , what day of the week any day of the month was , or will be , of any year past , or to come . example . i would know what day of the week the th of november was on in the year ? by the first table i find the dominical letter for that year to be f ; by the second i find november began on a friday ; and by the third i find that the fifth of november that year was on a tuesday . again , i would know what day of the week the th of january will be on in the year ? first i find the dominical letter for that year will be d , then that january will begin on a thursday ; and lastly , that the th of that month will be on a friday . secondly , what day of the month was or will be of any day , of any week , of any month , of any year , past , or to come . example . i desire to know on what day of the month the first tuesday was in november , ? having by the foregoing rules 〈◊〉 november for that year to begin on a friday , i presently find that the first tuesday was the fifth day of the month. again , i desire to know on what day of the month the fifth friday will be in january , ? having found that january in that year begins on a thursday , i find that the fifth friday will be on the th day of that month. remarkable days .   d. m. valentine febr. equal day and night mar. st. george april longest day , or barnaby june election of sheriffs in london june switbin july dog-days begin july lammas aug. dog-days end aug. equal day and night sept. sheriffs of london sworn sept. election of the lord mayor of london sept. lord mayor's day , when he is sworn at westminster octo. shortest day dec. fixed feasts .   d. m. circumcision , or new-years-day jan. epiphany , or twelfth-day jan. conversion of st. paul jan. martyrdom of king charles i. jan. purification of the virgin mary , or candlemas-day febr. st. matthias febr. lady-day , or annunciation of the virgin mary mar.   ] april   st. philip and jacob , or may-day may birth and return of king charles ii. may st. barnabas apostle june mid summer , or st. john baptist june st. peter apostle june st. james apostle july st. bartholomew apostle aug. st. matthew apostle sept. michaelmas , or st. michael the archangel sept. st. luke evangelist octob. st. simon and st. jude octob. all saints nov. powder treason nov. st. andrew apostle nov. st. thomas apostle dec. christmas , or birth of our lord god dec. st. steven protomartyr dec. st. john evangelist dec. innocents dec. note , that st. matthias day is on february , in the leap-years . moveable feasts . year . shrove-su . easter-day . ascen . day . whit-sun . mar. april may june febr. april may may febr. april may may febr. april may june febr. april may may febr. mar. may may mar. april may june febr. april may may febr. mar. may may febr. april may june febr. mar. may may mar. april may june febr. april may may febr. mar. may may febr. april may june febr. april may may febr. mar. may may febr. april may may febr. april may may mar. april june june febr. april may may febr. mar. may may mar. april may june febr. april may may febr. mar. may may febr. april may june febr. april may may febr. mar. may may febr. april may june febr. april may may mar. april june june febr. april may may moveable terms . year . easter term trinity term begins , ends , begins , ends , may june june july april may june june april may june june may may june july april may june june april may may june may june june july april may june june april may may june may may june july april may may june may june june july april may june july april may may june may may june july april may june june april may may june april may june july april may june june may june june july april may june june april may may june may june june july april may june june april may may june may may june july april may june june april may may june april may june july april may june june may june june july april may june june fixed terms . hillary term , begins jan. ends febr. and hath four returns .   . octab. hil. jan. . quind . hil. jan. . crast. pur. febr. . octab. pur. febr. michaelmas term ; begins octo. ends nov. and hath six returns .   . tres mich. octo. . mens . mich. octo. . crast. an. nov. . crast. mar. nov. . oct. mar. nov. . quin mar. nov. the act of batchelors in cambridge and oxford , the first day of lent. the act of masters , in cambridge , july . in oxford , july . cambridge commencement , the first sunday in july . oxford act , the second sunday in july . a table for the latitude of london , shewing for ever the time of day-break , twilight , and the length of the days and nights , throughout the year . month. day-break . twilight . day 's length . night's length . h. m. h. m. h. m. h. m. jan. febr. mar. april may         〈◊〉 june all day no night and but no night . twilight . july         aug. sept. octob. nov. dec. sun's rising and setting throughout the whole year . days of the month. january . february . march. sun rises sun sets sun rises sun sets sun rises sun sets h. m. h. m. h. m. h. m. h. m. h. m.                 days of the month. april . may. june . sun rises sun sets sun rises sun sets sun rises sun sets h. m. h. m. h. m. h. m. h. m. h. m.                 days of the month. july . august . september . sun rises sun sets sun rises sun sets sun rises sun sets h. m. h. m. h. m. h. m. h. m. h. m.         days of the month. october . november . december . sun rises sun sets sun rises sun sets sun rises sun sets h. m. h. m. h. m. h. m. h. m. h. m.         days of the month. october . november . december . sun rises sun sets sun rises sun sets sun rises sun sets h. m. h. m. h. m. h. m. h. m. h. m.         a table shewing the time of the new moon and full moon , as likewise the first and second quadrats ; and consequently her true age , for twelve years . . new ☽ quar. full ❍ quar.   d. h. m. d. h. m. d. h. m. d. h. m. january                     february no new ☽ march                     april may june july august septem .                     october novem. decemb. . new ☽ quar. full ❍ quar.   d. h. m. d. h. m. d. h. m. d. h. m. january february march april may june                     july august septem . october novem. decemb. . new ☽ quar. full ❍ quar.   d. h. m. d. h. m. d. h. m. d. h. m. january                     february no . qu. march                     april may june july august septem . october                     novem. decemb. . new ☽ quar. full ❍ quar.   d. h. m. d. h. m. d. h. m. d. h. m. january february march april may june                     july august septem . october novem. decemb. . new ☽ quar. full ❍ quar.   d. h. m. d. h. m. d. h. m. d. h. m. january february                     march april may june july august septem . october                     novem. decemb. . new ☽ quar. full ❍ quar.   d. h. m. d. h. m. d. h. m. d. h. m. january february march april may june                     july august septem . october novem. decemb. . new ☽ quar. full ❍ quar.   d. h. m. d. h. m. d. h. m. d. h. m.                     january february no . qu. march april                     may june july august 〈◊〉 septem .                     october novem. decemb . new ☽ quar. full ❍ quar.   d. h. m. d. h. m. d. h. m. d. h. m. january february 〈◊〉 march april may june                     〈◊〉 july 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 august 〈◊〉 septem . october novem. decemb. . new ☽ quar. full ❍ quar.   d. h. m. d. h. m. d. h. m. d. h. m. january february march april                     may june july august septem . october novem.                     decemb. . new ☽ quar. full ❍ quar.   d. h. m. d. h. m. d. h. m. d. h. m. january february march april may june july                     august septem . october novem. decemb. . new ☽ quar. full ❍ quar.   d. h. m. d. h. m. d. h. m. d. h. m. january february march april                     may june july august septem . october novem.                     decemb. . new ☽ quar. full ❍ quar.   d. h. m. d. h. m. d. h. m. d. h. m. january february 〈◊〉 march 〈◊〉 april may june july                     august 〈◊〉 septem . october novem. 〈◊〉 decemb. a catalogue of the eclipses visible in england , from , to the year . year . month. d. h. m. lun . dig. min. august ☽ august ☽ february ☽ january ☉ june ☽ july ☉ november ☽ november ☽ may ☉ april ☽ march ☽ september ☽ march ☽ a tide-table . by the moon 's age , to find the time of high-water at the places following . the moons's age. london tinmouth , whitebay . berwick , bridlington-bay . scarbrow ter tide , severn . newcastle , falmouth , dartmouth . days . h. m. h. m. h. m. h. m. the moon 's age. queenbor . soulbampt . portsmouth . rochefter , west end of noror . gravesend , downs , blackness . dundee , s. andrews , bell isle . days . h. m. h. m. h. m. h. m. the use of the table of the changes of the moon . before i set down any example , i think it requisite to advertizeyou , that in the computation of hours in this table , the first is to be reckoned from noon , so that the sixth day hours , is of the clock the seventh day ; this being premised , i shall give you only two examples to illustrate this table . example . on what day is the moon at full in may , ? having found the table for , i seek for may in the first column , and having found it , i find right against it in the fourth column ( under the title full moon ) : : , which is the fifteenth day near half an hour past , and then is the moon at full ; and after this manner is the time of new moon , &c. found . example . what is the moon 's age march , ? by the table for , i find the new moon to 〈◊〉 on the th day ; wherefore it necessarily follows , that on the th day the moon must be days old . the use of the tide-table . example . what hour is it high-water at london-bridge on march , ? having by the foregoing rules found the moon to 〈◊〉 then days old , i seek that number in the first column under the moon 's age , and right against it under london in the second column i find : , from 〈◊〉 i conclude , that it will be high-water there at of the clock that day . and having the moon 's age , you 〈◊〉 readily find the time of high-water at any of the 〈◊〉 mentioned in the table , in their respective columns . a catalogue of the counties , cities , market-towns , and parishes , in england and wales . counties in england . cities . mark. t. parishes . bedford   berks   buckingham   cambridge   chester cornwall   cumberland darby   devon dorset   durham 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉   〈◊〉 〈◊〉   〈◊〉 〈◊〉   〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 .   nottingham   oxford 〈◊〉   salop   somerset stafford suffolk   surrey   suffex warwick   westmorland   wilts worcester york counties in wales .     anglesey brecknock cardigan carmarthen carnarvan denbigh flint glamorgan merioneth monmouth montgomery pembrook radnor a table of expence . by the day . by the week . by the month. by the year . s. d. l. s. d. l. s. d. l. s. d. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 note . that in these tables of expence a 〈◊〉 but of days . by the year . by the month. by the week . by the day . l. l. s. d. l. s. d. l. s. d. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 〈◊〉 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 〈◊〉 . . . 〈◊〉 . . . . a table of kings since the conquest . kings names . born began to region reign . buried at       y. m.   w. conq. octo. caen. nor. w. rufus sep. winchester . henry aug. reading . stephen dec. feversham . the saxon line restored . henry octo. fountev . richard july fountev . john april worcester . henry octo. westminster . edward nov. westminster . edward july glocester . edward jan. westminster . richard june westminster . the line of lancaster . henry sept. canterbury . henry mar. westminster . henry aug. windsor . the line of york . edward mar. winchester . edward april not known richard june leicester . the families united . henry aug. westminster . henry april windsor . edward jan. westminster . q. mary . july westminster . q. eliz. nov. westminster . the union of the two kingdoms . james mar. westminster . charles mar. windsor . charles jan god grant long to 〈◊〉 computation of years . w. conq . a. r. a. ch. w. rufus . henry i. stephen . henry ii. richar . i. john . henr . iii edwar . i. edw. ii. edw. iii. rich. ii. henr . iv. henry v. henr . vi. edw. iv. edw. v. rich. iii. hen. vii hen. viii . edw. vi. q. mary . q. elizab. james . charl . i charl . ii. by this and the former regal table , may easily be found the year of each king's reign corresponding to the year of our lord , always remembring to begin the year of our lord , from march . example . i have a deed bearing date the th of may , in the two and twentieth year of the reign of king charles the second , but the year of our lord is omitted ; 〈◊〉 desire to know in what year of our lord this deed was made ? i find by this table that the beginning of the two 〈◊〉 twentieth year of the king's reign is in , but 〈◊〉 cannot find here what month his reign began in ; wherefore i turn to the first regal table , and find there that he began his reign the th of january , . from 〈◊〉 i conclude , that the th of may in the first year 〈◊〉 his reign must be in the year of our lord , which proves by consequence that the th of may , in the two and twentieth year of his reign must be in the year of our lord . reduction of vveights and measures . troy weight .       grains .   peny-weight .   ounces . pound . by troy weight is weighed gold , silver , 〈◊〉 , amber , electuaries , bread corn , and liquors ; 〈◊〉 from this weight all measures for wet and dry 〈◊〉 are taken . the pound troy is in proportion to the pound 〈◊〉 as to , and the ounce as to . gold to silver is in proportion as to , and the 〈◊〉 of both in england is as follows : one peny-weight angel gold is worth s d. q. of crown gold 〈◊〉 d. q. and of soveraign s. d. q. the 〈◊〉 of sterling silver is ounces , and peny-weight fine silver , and peny-weight of alloy of copper ; that ounces of pure silver without any alloy is 〈◊〉 l. s. d. and an ounce s. d. q. but with 〈◊〉 the pound is worth no more than l. and the the standard for gold is in the pound troy 〈◊〉 of fine gold , and ounce of alloy . our gold is of equal fineness with the spanish , 〈◊〉 and flemish ; but our silver coin has less of alloy in than either french or dutch. when wheat is at shillings per bushel , then a 〈◊〉 wheaten loaf is to weigh ounces troy , and 〈◊〉 half-peny white loaves the like weight ; and 〈◊〉 houshold peny loaf is to weigh / ounces ; and for a greater or lesser weight proportionably : and a baker want but one ounce in , for the first , 〈◊〉 and third fault he may be amerced , but for the 〈◊〉 is to stand in the pillory without redemption . apothecaries weight .         grains .       scruples .     drams .   ounces . pound . apothecaries in making up their medicines use 〈◊〉 weight , but they buy and sell their drugs by 〈◊〉 averdupois . averdupois weight .           drams .         ounces .       pounds .   quarters . hundreds . tun. by averdupois weight is weighed all manner of 〈◊〉 that have waste , as all physical drugs and grocery , 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , pitch , tar , tallow , soap , hemp , flax , &c. all 〈◊〉 metals and minerals , as iron , steel , lead , tin , 〈◊〉 , alum , copperas , &c. the tun averdupois 〈◊〉 hundred of all things , except lead , which has 〈◊〉 hundred and a half to the tun or fodder . the 〈◊〉 weight averdupois contains pound , the 〈◊〉 hundred pound , the quarter pound , the 〈◊〉 ( or half quarter of the hundred ) pound ; 〈◊〉 thus is iron and shot weighed ; but alom , 〈◊〉 , nutmegs , pepper , and sugar , have but 〈◊〉 and a half to the stone , or half quarter of the 〈◊〉 pound to the quarter , pound to the 〈◊〉 , and pound to the whole hundred . essex 〈◊〉 and butter are weighed by the clove , or half 〈◊〉 , allowing pound to each clove , and cloves , pound to the wey ; and in suffolk they allow 〈◊〉 , or pound to the wey . wool is sold by the 〈◊〉 , allowing but pound to the clove , pound the stone , pound to the tod , pound to the 〈◊〉 , pound to the sack , and pound to the 〈◊〉 . a fagot of steel is pound . a burden of gad 〈◊〉 is score , or pound . pound of butter , or pound of soap make a firkin , and firkins of either 〈◊〉 a barrel . butchers allow but pound to the stone . ale measure .             pints .           quarts .         pottles .       gallons .     firkins . kilderkins . barrel . vessels for butter , fish , and soap , are made after the 〈◊〉 measure , ale barrels making a last . beer measure .             pints           quarts .         pottles .       gallons .     firkins . kilderkins . barrel . wine measure .       gallons .     hogsheads . pipeor but. tun.   gallons tierce . dry measures .                 〈◊〉               quarts .             pottles .           gallons .         pecks       bushels .   quarters .   wey . 〈◊〉 last . 〈◊〉 a bushel water-measure contains pecks . 〈◊〉 make quarters of meal a wey , and wey 〈◊〉 a last . long measure .           inches .         feet .       yards .     poles . / / furlongs . mile . superficial or square measure .           feet .         yards .       poles . / /     roods .   acres . mile . in this last table you have in a square mile square 〈◊〉 , square roods , &c. in a square acre 〈◊〉 square roods , square poles , &c. in a square 〈◊〉 / square yards , and / square inches ; and 〈◊〉 a square yard square feet . which being rightly 〈◊〉 , all these tables of reduction are sufficiently 〈◊〉 . a table for the reduction of pounds 〈◊〉 shillings , pence , and farthings . shill . pence . farthin .                       pounds . shillings . pence . farthings a table for 〈◊〉 ready casting up any number of farthings , half-pence , pence , or shillings ; where may be found by inspection what the great hundred comes to , at any rate the pound , from one farthing to ten shillings . multiplication of a farthing .   l. s. d. q. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) a half-peny , or two farthings .   l. s. d. q. ( ) 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) three farthings .   l. s. d. q. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) a peny   l. s. d. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) a peny-farthing , or five farthings .   l. s. d. q. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) three-half-pence , or six farthings .   l. s. d. q. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) seven farthings .   l. s. d. q. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) two-pence .   l. s. d. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) two-pence farthing , or nine farthings .   l. s. d. q. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) two-pence half-peny , or ten farthings .   l. s. d. q. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) two-pence three farthings .   l. s. d. q. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) three-pence .   l. s. d. ( ) ( ) ( ) 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ( ) 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ( ) 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ( ) 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) three-pence farthing .   l. s. d. q. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) three-pence half-peny .   l. s. d. q. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) three-pence three farthings .   l. s. d. q. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) four-pence , or a groat .   l. s. d. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) four-pence farthing .   l. s. d. q. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) four-pence half-peny .   l. s. d. q. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) four-pence three farthings .   l. s. d. q. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) five-pence .   l. s. d. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) five-pence farthing .   l. s. d. q. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ( ) 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ( ) 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 five-pence half-peny .   l. s. d. q. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) five-pence three farthings .   l. s. d. q. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) six-pence .   l. s. d. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) six-pence farthing .   l. s. d. q. ( ) 〈◊〉 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) six-pence half-peny .   l. s. d. q. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) six-pence three farthings .   l. s. d. q. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) seven-pence .   l. s. d. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) seven-pence farthing .   l. s. d. q. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) seven-pence half-peny .   l. s. d. q. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) seven-pence three farthings .   l. s. d. q. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) eight-pence .   l. s. d. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) eight-pence farthing .   l. s. d. q. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) eight-pence half-peny .   l. s. d. q. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )           eight-pence three farthings .   l. s. d. q. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) nine-pence .   l. s. d. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) nine-pence farthing .   l. s. d. q. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) nine-pence half-peny .   l. s. d. q. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) nine-pence three farthings .   l. s. d. q. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ten-pence .   l. s. d. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ten-pence farthing .   l. s. d. q. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ten-pence half-peny .   l. s. d. q. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ten-pence three farthings .   l. s. d. q. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) eleven-pence .   l. s. d. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) eleven-pence farthing .   l. s. d. q. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) eleven-pence half-peny .   l. s. d. q. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) eleven-pence three farthings .   l. s. d. q. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 twelve-pence , or a shilling .   l. s. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) thirteen-pence .   l. s. d. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 〈◊〉 thirteen-pence half-peny .   l. s. d. q. ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) fourteen-pence .   l. s. d. ( ) 〈◊〉 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) fifteen-pence .   l. s. d. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) sixteen-pence .   l. s. d. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) seventeen-pence .   l. s. d. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) eighteen-pence .   l. s. d. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) nineteen-pence .   l. s. d. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) five-groats , or twenty-pence .   l. s. d. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) one and twenty-pence .   l. s. d. ( ) 〈◊〉 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) two and twenty-pence .   l. s. d. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) three and twenty-pence .   l. s. d. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) two shillings .   l. s. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) two shillings and a peny .   l. s. d. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) two shillings and two-pence .   l. s. d. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) two shillings and three-pence .   l. s. d. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) two shillings four-pence , or seven groats .   l. s. d. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ( ) 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 two shillings and five-pence .   l. s. d. ( ) ( ) 〈◊〉 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) two shillings six-pence , or half a crown .   l. s. d. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) two shillings and seven-pence .   l. s. d. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) two shillings eight-pence , or eight groats .   l. s. d. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) two shillings and nine-pence .   l. s. d. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) two shillings and ten-pence .   l. s. d. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) two shillings and eleven-pence .   l. s. d. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) three shillings .   l. s. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) three shillings and six-pence .   l. s. d. ( ) 〈◊〉 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) four shillings .   l. s. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) four shillings and six-pence .   l. s. d. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) five shillings , or a crown .   l. s. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) five shillings and six-pence .   l. s. d. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) six shillings .   l. s. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) six shillings and six-pence .   l. s. d. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) seven shillings .   l. s. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) seven shillings and six-pence .   l. s. d. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) eight shillings .   l. s. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) eight shillings and six-pence .   l. s. d. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) nine shillings .   l. s. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) nine shillings and six-pence .   l. s. d. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ten shillings .   l. s. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ten shillings and six-pence .   l. s. d. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) eleven , twelve , and thirteen shillings .   shillings . shillings . shillings .   l. s. l. s. l. s. fourteen , fifteen , and sixteen shillings .   shillings . shillings . shillings .   l. s. l. s. l. s. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 seventeen , eighteen , and nineteen shillings .   shillings . shillings . shillings .   l. s. l. s. l. s. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the vse of this table . this table is of great use , whereof i will only give you some few examples : it is so plain and 〈◊〉 to be underfood , that it will be needless to say 〈◊〉 by way of explanation , only this i would have 〈◊〉 take notice , that the first and third columns are 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , in all the pages from a farthing to 〈◊〉 shillings , and the second and fourth columns 〈◊〉 the value of the sum multiplied ; also that those 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in parentheses relate chiefly to the great 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , as ( 〈◊〉 ) ( ) ( ) ( ) , are the 〈◊〉 , 〈◊〉 , three quarters , and whole great 〈◊〉 , ( ) 〈◊〉 c. ( ) is c. &c. when you 〈◊〉 past ten 〈◊〉 six-pence , the first column 〈◊〉 all the 〈◊〉 , and the other three shew the 〈◊〉 of the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . example . if 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of tape 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , i desire to know what 〈◊〉 will amount 〈◊〉 at the same rate ? i seek for the page that has three farthings for the 〈◊〉 , which i find to be page , then 〈◊〉 for the 〈◊〉 in the third column ( that being a 〈◊〉 of the numbers or multiplicators in the first column 'till the table exceeds ten shillings , ) and 〈◊〉 it in the fourth column 〈◊〉 find l. s. d. and so 〈◊〉 will yards of tape cost at three farthings 〈◊〉 yard . example it 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 d. q. what will ells 〈◊〉 ? i seek in page ( that has for its title seven-pence half peny ) for the number , but because i cannot find it at once , i first seek for the hundreds , viz. which i find in the third column , and against it in 〈◊〉 fourth l. s. d. and then for the broken 〈◊〉 part of an hundred , viz. , which i find in 〈◊〉 first column , and against it in the second s. d. 〈◊〉 which added to l. s. d. gives l. s. d. 〈◊〉 and so much will ells cost . example . if pound of sugar cost d. q. what will sc. weight averdupois cost ? i seek in the page whose title is ten-pence 〈◊〉 for ( ) ( there being so many neat pounds in 〈◊〉 averdupois ) and against it i find l. s. d. 〈◊〉 answers the question . example . if pound of cheese cost d. q. what will c. qrs lb. cost ? and so much will hundred , quarters , and 〈◊〉 pound of cheese cost at d q. the pound . by these examples you may not only understand 〈◊〉 use of this table , but also of the table for marks 〈◊〉 nobles , and that of guinneys and broad gold , 〈◊〉 follow next . a table for the ready casting up any number of nobles and marks , from one to five thousand . multiplication of a noble and a mark   shillings pence . shillings pence .   l. s. d. l. s. d. 〈◊〉 sir samuel morland's table for the ready casting up any number of guinneys , at any rate from eighteen-pence to two shillings : also broad gold , at three shillings , and three shillings and six-pence ; and five shillings , and five shillings and six-pence .   eighteen pence . pence farthing .   l. s. d. l. s. d. q.   pence half-peny . pence farthings .   l. s. d. q. l. s. d. q.   nineteen pence . pence farthing   l. s. d. l. s. d. q. 〈◊〉   pence half-peny . pence farthings .   l. s. d. q. l. s. d. q.   twenty pence . pence farthing   l. s. d. l. s. d. q.   pence half-peny . pence farthings .   l. s. d. q. l. s. d. q.   one & twenty pence . pence farthing   l. s. d. l. s. d. q. 〈◊〉   pence half-peny . pence farthings .   l. s. d. q. l. s. d. q.   two & twenty-pence . pence farthing .   l. s. d. l. s. d. q.   pence half-peny . pence farthings .   l. s. d. q. l. s. d. q.   three & twenty-pence . pence farthing .   l. s. d. l. s. d. q.   pence half-peny . pence farthings .   l. s. d. q l. s. d. q.   l. s. example of this table . what comes guinneys to at l. s. d. q. per guinney . i seek for pence farthings at the top of the table , which i find over the third column in pag. 〈◊〉 then i seek for in the first column , and right against it in the third column i find l. s. d. which answers the question .   shillings . shillings pence .   l. s. l. s. d.   shillings . shillings pence .   l. s. l. s. d. a table shewing the interest of any sum of money at per cent. simple interest . example . what is the interest of l. for months ? first i find the interest of l. then of l. and 〈◊〉 of l. in the column under months , thus : the answer is l. s. d. q.   month. months . months .   l. s. d. l. s. d. l. s. d. 〈◊〉 . . 〈◊〉 . . 〈◊〉 . . 〈◊〉 l. . . 〈◊〉 . . 〈◊〉 . . 〈◊〉 . . 〈◊〉 . . 〈◊〉 . . 〈◊〉 . . 〈◊〉 . . 〈◊〉 . . 〈◊〉 . . 〈◊〉 .   . 〈◊〉 .   . 〈◊〉 . . 〈◊〉 . . 〈◊〉 . . 〈◊〉 . . 〈◊〉 . . 〈◊〉 . . 〈◊〉 . . 〈◊〉 . . 〈◊〉 . . 〈◊〉 . . 〈◊〉 . . 〈◊〉 . . 〈◊〉 . . 〈◊〉 . . 〈◊〉 . . 〈◊〉 . . 〈◊〉 . . 〈◊〉 . . 〈◊〉 . . 〈◊〉   months . months . months .   l. s. d. l. s. d. l. s. d. s. . . . . . . . . . l. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   months . months . months .   l. s. d. l. s. d. l. s. d. 〈◊〉 . . . . . . . . . . 〈◊〉 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 〈◊〉 . . 〈◊〉 . . 〈◊〉 . . 〈◊〉 . . 〈◊〉 . . 〈◊〉   months . months . months .   l. s. d. l. s. d. l. s. d. 〈◊〉 . . . . . . . . . . 〈◊〉 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 〈◊〉 . . 〈◊〉 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 〈◊〉 . . . . . 〈◊〉 . . interest of money for days . to find the interest of any sum of money for any number of days at any rate of interest , the rule is , multiply the principal by the rate , and the product by the number of days , and it gives a dividend , which divided by ( the common divisor for all rates ) answers the question . example . what is the interest of . at per cent. for days ? common divisor ) ( . answer l. s. d. example . what is the interest of l. at per cent. for days ? common divisor ) ( l. answer . and thus may you readily find the interest of any sum of money at any other rate , for any number of days . for the easing you in your division , i have here inserted a table of the multiplication of the common divisor , whereby you may at first sight perceive how many times the divisor is contained in the dividend . a table of the discompt or rebate of moneys at per cent. simple interest . shewing the present value of a sum of money due at the end of , , , , , , , , , , , , , or months . example . i have bought goods amounting to l. to be paid 〈◊〉 the end of months , i desire to know how much 〈◊〉 paid down presently will satisfie this sum , 〈◊〉 after the rate of per cent. here i must seek for the sum in three parts thus , so that it appears by the table that l. s. and 〈◊〉 d. q. paid down presently , will satisfie for l. due 〈◊〉 months end .   month. months .   l. s. d. l. s. d. 〈◊〉 . 〈◊〉 . 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . 〈◊〉 . . 〈◊〉 . . 〈◊〉 . . 〈◊〉 . . 〈◊〉 . . . 〈◊〉 . . . . . . . 〈◊〉 . 〈◊〉 . . . 〈◊〉 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 〈◊〉   months . months .   l. s. d. l. s. d. 〈◊〉 . . . . . . . 〈◊〉 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   months . months .   l. s. d. l. s. d. 〈◊〉 . . . . . . . 〈◊〉 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   months . months .   l. s. d. l. s. d. 〈◊〉 . . . . . . . 〈◊〉 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   months . months .   l. s. d. l. s. d. 〈◊〉 . . . . . . . 〈◊〉 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 〈◊〉 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 〈◊〉 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 〈◊〉 . . . . . . . . . . . .   months . months .   l. s. d. l. s. d. 〈◊〉 . . . . . . 〈◊〉 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   months . months .   l. s. d. l. s. d. 〈◊〉 . . . . 〈◊〉 . . 〈◊〉 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . tables for the forbearance , discompt , and purchase of annuities , for , , , , , , , and years , at per cent. compound interest . shewing , . what an annuity , rent , or pension , forborn any of those numbers of years amounts to . . what an annuity , to continue any of those numbers of years , is worth in ready money . . what annuity any sum of money will purchase to continue any of the abovesaid numbers of years . note , that you have two years instead of one year purposely set down in the forbearance of annuities , because the annuity is not due till the end of one year , and therefore cannot be considered as forboru that time . forbearance of annuities , at per cent. pounds years . years .   l. s. d. l. s. d. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . pounds years . years .   l. s. d. l. s. d. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 〈◊〉 . . . . 〈◊〉 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 〈◊〉 . . . . 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . pounds years . years .   l. s. d. l. s. d. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 〈◊〉 pounds years . years .   l. s. d. l. s. d. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . discompt of annuities , at per cent. pounds year . years .   l. s. d. l. s. d. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . pounds years . years .   l. s. d. l. s. d. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . pounds years . years .   l. s. d. l. s. d. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . pounds years . years .   l. s. d. l. s. d. . . . . . . . . . 〈◊〉 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . purchase of annuities , at per cent. pounds year . years .   l. s. d. l. s. d. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . pounds years . years .   l. s. d. l. s. d. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . pounds years . years .   l. s. d. l. s. d. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . pounds years . years .   l. s. d. l. s. d. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . these tables are so plain in themselves , that 〈◊〉 need no example to illustrate them : but 〈◊〉 questions only of the particular years mentioned at 〈◊〉 top of each column can be resolved by them , i shall 〈◊〉 the next page insert a table , whereby you may try 〈◊〉 number in the foregoing tables , and answer any question belonging either to forbearance . discompt , or purchase of annuities , ( as also to the rebate of money ) 〈◊〉 per cent. compound interest , for any number 〈◊〉 years , not exceeding . to do which , this is the rule : multiply that number in the table which stands 〈◊〉 against the number of years proposed ( and in the column to which the question belongs , whether for forbearance , discompt , or purchase of annuities , or rebate of money ) by the annuity to be forborn , discompted , or purchased , or by the sum to be rebated , and from the product cut off six figures to the right hand , the figures remaining to the left hand are pounds , and the figures cut off are the decimal parts of a pound . one example will be sufficient to explain the whole table , which shall be this : if l. annuity be forborn years , what 〈◊〉 it amount to ? answer l. and . decimal parts of 〈◊〉 pound , which being reduced is s. d. and this 〈◊〉 exactly with the foregoing table of the forbearance of annuities . and after this manner are all questions belonging to the following table resolved . a table shewing the value of a decimal fraction , the integer being one pound , or twenty shillings . l. q. dec. of l. d. q. dec. of l. s. d. q. dec. of l. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . to find the foregoing fraction . by this table , you must do thus ; seek for the decimal fraction in the table that is nearest to it , ( since you cannot at once find all the figures ) which is . , against which on the left hand you have the value of it , viz. s. subtract this from . , and there will remain . , which being found in the table , against it stands d. which added to s. gives s. d. for the value of . of a pound . and thus may you find the value of any fraction of a pound by this table . to find the value of a decimal fraction . in the foregoing tables of interest , &c. instead 〈◊〉 expressing the parts of a peny in farthings , i have done it in decimal fractions , which is more exact , 〈◊〉 more easie for addition , &c. the nature of which perhaps you may not understand , and to give you a particular construction of them in this place would swell 〈◊〉 book into more sheets than i have resolved to 〈◊〉 it to , however to render them useful to you , i shall 〈◊〉 you a ready and easie way to find the value of them . in decimals , all cyphers to the right hand having 〈◊〉 figure after them , neither increase or diminish the 〈◊〉 of the fraction ; but every cypher to the left hand 〈◊〉 the beginning of such fraction lessens the value 〈◊〉 times , as if this were the fraction . , which is 〈◊〉 tenth , if a cypher were placed before it thus . , 〈◊〉 would be but i hundredth , if two cyphers . , 〈◊〉 thousandth part , &c. the decimal fraction . is equal to the 〈◊〉 fraction / , . to / , and . to / , so that in the aforesaid tables , where the decimals are parts of a peny , you may presently perceive how many farthings the decimal consists of , for . is exactly farthing , . is farthings , and . is farthings ; and if the fractions be more or less than either of these , you may take that which is nearest to it , as if it be . , 〈◊〉 you may value it to be 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . q. but if your 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 be parts of a pound sterling , as they happen to be in resolving questions by the last table , then to find the value thereof , you must multiply it by , the shillings contained in a pound , and so many figures as you have in your product more than in your multiplicand , 〈◊〉 off to the left hand , and the figures so cut off are shillings , and those remaining to the right 〈◊〉 are the decimal parts of a shilling . example . what is the value of the decimal fraction in the example preceding the last table , viz. . ? the fraction . multiplied by produces , 〈◊〉 is one figure more than the fraction propounded , 〈◊〉 i cut off one figure to the left hand thus , 〈◊〉 , which is shillings , and . decimal parts of shilling : the whole work will stand thus : if your decimal fraction be parts of a shilling , then 〈◊〉 must multiply it by , ( the pence therein contained ) 〈◊〉 off the excess to the left hand for pence as before 〈◊〉 shillings . example . here there is no remainder , or fraction of a peny , and 〈◊〉 the exact value of the foregoing fraction . 〈◊〉 a pound , is found to be s. d. if your decimal be parts of a peny , as . parts of a 〈◊〉 , you must multiply it by , ( the farthings contained 〈◊〉 peny ) and the figures cut off will be farthings . example . and so this fraction is sound to be q. and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , but so inconsiderable ( being not hundred parts of farthing ) that it is not worth notifying . after this manner you may find the value of any 〈◊〉 , but for your more ease , i will here set down decimal table for money , the integer being l. a table supplying the defect of years in the three last tables , as also shewing the rebate of money , at per cent. compound interest . years . forbearance of annuities . discompt of annuities . purchase of annuities . rebate of annuities . 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the rates of post-letters , both inland and outland , established anno xii . car. ii. regis . with 〈◊〉 times for sending and receiving them . and also the post-stages .   s. d. the carriage of every single letter not exceeding one sheet , to or from 〈◊〉 place not exceeding fourscore miles the like carriage of every double letter 〈◊〉 exceeding two sheets the like carriage of every pacquet of 〈◊〉 proportionable to these rates .     the like carriage of every pacquet of writs , 〈◊〉 , and other things , for every ounce . the carriage of every single letter , 〈◊〉 fourscore miles the like carriage of every double letter and after these rates for all pacquets of 〈◊〉 . the like carriage of every other pacquet 〈◊〉 every ounce . the carriage of every single letter from london to berwick , or from berwick to london 〈◊〉 the like carriage of every double letter 〈◊〉 and after these rates for all pacquets of letters .     the like carriage of every other pacquet , for every ounce 〈◊〉 . the carriage of every single letter from berwick unto any place within miles distance - 〈◊〉 the like carriage of every double letter 〈◊〉 and after these rates for every pacquet of letters .     the carriage of every other pacquet , for every ounce 〈◊〉 the carriage of every single letter a greater distance than miles 〈◊〉 the like carriage of every double letter 〈◊〉 and after these rates for every pacquet of letters .     the like carriage for things of greater bulk , by the ounce 〈◊〉 . the carriage of every single letter from england to dublin in ireland , or from dublin into england 〈◊〉 the like carriage of every double letter 〈◊〉 and after these rates for every pacquet of letters .     the like carriage of every other pacquet , for every ounce 〈◊〉 . the carriage of every single letter from dublin to any place within miles distance , or from any place within the like distance to dublin 〈◊〉 the like carriage of every double letter 〈◊〉 and after these rates for every pacquet of letters .     the like carriage of every other pacquet , for every ounce the carriage of every letter a farther distance than miles the like carriage of every double letter and after these rates for every pacquet of letters .     the like carriage of every other pacquet , for every ounce the several rates that now are and have been taken for the carriage of letters , pacquets , and parcels , to or from any of his majesties said dominions , to or from any other parts or places beyond the seas , are as follow , that is to say ,     s. d. morlaix , st. maloes , caen , new-haven , and places of like distance , carriage paid to rouen , is for single double treble ounce hamburgh , colen , frankfurt , carriage paid to antwerp , is single double treble ounce venice , geneva , legorn , rome , naples , messina , and all other parts of italy by way of venice , franct pro mantua single double treble ounce marcelia , smirna , constantinople , aleppo , and all parts of turkie , carriage paid to marcelia single double / ounce ounce and for letters brought from the said places to england single double treble ounce the carriage of letters brought into england , from       calice , diep , bulloign , abbeville , amiens , st. omers , montrell single double treble ounce roven single double treble ounce genoua , legorn , rome , and other parts of italy by way of lyons , franct pro lyons single double / ounce ounce the carriage of letters outwards ,       to bourdeaux , rochel , nantes , orleans , bayon , tours , and places of like distance , carriage paid to paris single double treble ounce letters brought from the same places into england single double / ounce ounce the carriage of letters outwards ,       to norembourgh , bremen , dantzick . lubeck , lipswick , and other places of like distance , carriage paid to hamburgh single double / ounce ounce paris single double treble ounce dunkirk , ostend , lisle , ipres , cambray , ghent , bruxels , bruges , antwerp , and all other parts of flanders . single double sluce , flushing , middleburgh , amsterdam , rotterdam , delph , hague , and all other parts of holland and zealand treble ounce all merchants accompts , not exceeding a sheet , bills of exchange , invoices . bills of lading , shall be allowed without rate in the price of the letters , and also the covers of the letters not exceeding a sheet , to marseils , venice , or legorn , towards turkie . the hire of post-horses is after the rate of d. for every english mile , and d. every stage for a guide . post-letters may be sent from london , on mondays , to france , spain , italy , germany , flanders and sweedland , denmark , kent and the downs . on tuesdays , to holland , germany , sweedland , denmark , ireland , scotland , all parts of england and wales . on wednesdays , to all parts of kent and the downs . on thursdays , to france , spain , italy , all parts of england and scotland . on fridays , to flanders , germany , italy , sweedland , denmark , holland , kent and the downs . on saturdays , all parts of england , wales , scotland , and ireland . letters are returned from all parts of england and scotland , certainly every monday , wednesday , and friday ; from wales every monday and friday ; and from kent and the downs every day : but from other parts more uncertainly , in regard of the sea. the post-stages , shewing the length of each stage , and the total of miles from london .   mil. tot.   mil. tot. northern road from london . walthamcross tadcaster york ware burrowbrigg royston north-allerton caxton darlington huntington durham stilton newcastle stamford morpeth southwitham alnwik grantham belford newark berwick tuxford cockburnspeth bautry haddington doncaster edenbrough ferrybrigg       norwich road from london . royston thetford cambridge attlebrough newmarket norwich bury       chester road from london . barnet stone st. albans namptwich dunstable chester fenistratford northope tosseter denbeigh daintry conway coventry blewmorris coshall hollyhead lichfield       darby road from london . tosseter leicester northampton loubrough harborough darby western road from london . stanes hunniton hartford-bridge exeter basingstoke ashburton andover plymouth salisbury foye     shaftsbury trowro     sherborn merkejew     crookhorn       portsmouth road from london . stanes petersfield hartford-bridge portsmouth yarmouth road from london . burntwood saxmundum witham beckles colchester yarmouth 〈◊〉 ipswich       bristol road from london . huntslo malbrough maidenhead chippenham reading bristol newberry       glocester road from london . maidenhead cirencister abbington glocester farrington       kentish road from london . dartford canterbury rochester deal , or dover sittingburn       the rates and orders of coach-men . by an act of parliament made in the fourteenth year of our soveraign lord king charles the second , it is appointed , that no person or persons after may . . shall presume to drive , ( except stage-coaches ) or let to hire by the hour or day , or otherwise , any hackney-coach or coach-horses within the parishes comprised within the bills of mortality , without an especial license from the commissioners appointed by his majesty for licensing and regulating hackney-coaches . that no horse , gelding , or mare , to be used with such coaches , be under hands high , according to the standard . that the number of coaches to be licensed shall not exceed . that every coach so licensed shall have a mark of distinction by figure , or otherwise , as the commissioners shall think fit , to the end they may be known , if any complaint shall be made of them . that no person shall be licensed to keep more than two coaches , which coaches shall have several figures or marks of distinction , as if belonging to several persons . that no person shall put that figure or mark upon his coach which is appointed for any other , under the forfeiture of five pounds . that no person shall be licensed to drive or keep a hackney-coach , or coach-horses , that uses any other trade or occupation . that first such as have been ancient coach-men , or such coach-men as have suffered for their service to his majesty or his father , or the widows of such ( that have coaches of their own ) be licensed . that the commissioners forfeit one hundred pounds for every coach they license above the number of . that no hackney-coach-man so licensed shall presume to take for his hire in or about the cities of london and westminster above ten shillings for a day , reckoning hours to the day ; and by the hour , not above eighteen-pence for the first hour , and pence for every hour after ; nor for his hire from any of the inns of court , or thereabouts , to any part of st. james's or westminster , ( except beyond tuttle-street ) above pence , and the like from the same places to the inns of court , or places thereabouts ; nor from the inns of court , or thereabouts , to the royal exchange , more than pence ; but if to the tower , bishopsgate-street , aldgate , or places thereabouts , pence ; and so from the same places to the said inns of court as aforesaid . that the like rates be observed from or to any place , at the like distance with the places before named . that if any coach-man shall refuse to go at , or exact more for his hire than these rates , he shall for every offence forfeit ten shillings . the rates and orders for carr-men . at a general quarter-sessions of the peace holden for the city of london ( the th of october , in the twenty ninth year of his majesties reign , sir thomas davies then lord mayor ) at justice-hall in the old-baily , the following rates and orders were appointed for carr-men . rates for carr-men . all carr-men trading or working with carrs in the city of london , and liberties thereof , shall and may demand and take for every carriage or load of the commodities under-mentioned , the rates hereafter following , that is to say ,   s. d. from any the wharfs between the tower and london-bridge , to tower-street , grace-church-street , fan-church-street , bishopsgate-street within , cornhill , and places of like distance up the hill , with hundred weight , not exceeding hundred weight and being above hundred weight , for every hundred in which may be included ,     two puncheons of prunes , bales of mather , barrels of figs , fat 's of fustians , ordinary sacks of cotton wools of smyrna , and cyprus bags , a butt of currans , a great butt of oyls , chests of sugar , bags of alums , last of flax , last of hemp , and any other goods herein not named of the like weight , for every load 〈◊〉 and for sea-coals , pence the load , every 〈◊〉 to be half a chaldron ; and for one 〈◊〉 fagots the like rate and from any the wharfs aforesaid , to 〈◊〉 , lothbury , old jury , bassishaw , 〈◊〉 , ironmonger-lane , st. lawrence-lane , 〈◊〉 , aldermanbury , cheapside , wood-street , 〈◊〉 , bread-street , and places of like distance , for 〈◊〉 like weight of hundred , not exceeding 〈◊〉 hundred weight , for the goods aforesaid , 〈◊〉 other 〈◊〉 herein not named , of the like 〈◊〉 , for every load and being above hundred weight , for 〈◊〉 hundred and for sea-coals , pence the load , every 〈◊〉 to be half a chaldron ; and for one 〈◊〉 fagots the like rate also from any the wharfs aforesaid , to 〈◊〉 , holborn-bars , temple-bar , or any of 〈◊〉 bars on the north-side of the city , and 〈◊〉 of like distance up the hill , with hundred weight , not exceeding hundred weight , 〈◊〉 every load and going beyond the said places , the 〈◊〉 to agree with the carr-men .     also from any the wharfs aforesaid , to 〈◊〉 , bishopsgate within , cornhill , and other places 〈◊〉 like distance up the hill , with hundred 〈◊〉 , not exceeding hundred weight in which may be included ,     twenty pieces of raisins , a load of raisins of 〈◊〉 sun , bags of pepper , ordinary bags of 〈◊〉 , great bags of galls , bales and barrels 〈◊〉 indico , bales of grogram yarn , bales of 〈◊〉 silk , hogsheads of cloves , bales of 〈◊〉 , hogsheads of wines , chests of sugar , 〈◊〉 any other goods of the like weight , 〈◊〉 of tobacco , not exceeding c. weight also from any the wharfs aforesaid , to broad-street , lothbury , old jury , bassishaw , coleman-street , ironmonger-lane , st. lawrence-lane , milk-street , aldermanbury , cheapside , wood-street , friday-street , bread-street , and places of the like distance for any of the said goods of the same quantity and weight , for every load 〈◊〉 also from any the wharfs aforesaid , to tower-street , grace-church-street , fan-church-street , bishopsgate-street within , cornhill , and other places of like distance up the hill , with hundred weight , not exceeding hundred weight 〈◊〉 in which may be included ,     all buts and pipes of wine , or a pipe of oil , packs of canvas , hogsheads , or terces , a fat of fustians , and all other goods of the like bulk and weight , for every load 〈◊〉 and from any the wharfs aforesaid , to broad-street , lothbury , old jury , bassishaw , coleman-street , ironmonger-lane , st. lawrence-lane , milk-street , aldermanbury , 〈◊〉 - side , wood-street , friday-street , and other places of like distance , for any other goods of like load or weight , for every load 〈◊〉 also from london-bridge-foot , westward to the old swan , cole harbor , the cranes . queenhith , broken wharf , paul's wharf , puddle wharf , the wardrobe , and to all other places not exceeding the poultry cheapside , or newgate-market , for hundred weight , not exceeding c. weight 〈◊〉 and for sea-coals , pence the load , every load to be half a chaldron ; and for one hundred fagots the like rate 〈◊〉 and from all other wharfs and places between london-bridge and temple-bar , to the same , and places of like distance , for every load of coals pence , every load to be half a chaldron ; and of fagots the like rate 〈◊〉 and to all places northwards of the poultry , 〈◊〉 , newgate-market , holborn-bridge , and 〈◊〉 , for hundred weight , not 〈◊〉 hundred weight and from tower-street , grace-church-street , 〈◊〉 , bishopsgate-street within , cornhill , 〈◊〉 other places of like distance , for every pack 〈◊〉 cloths , for bales of cloths and kerseys , 〈◊〉 of pepper , barrels of indico , hogsheads cloves , and for other goods not herein 〈◊〉 , of like weight , to the water-side and from broad-street , lothbury , old jury , 〈◊〉 , coleman-street , ironmonger-lane , st. 〈◊〉 , milk-street , aldermanbury , cheapside , 〈◊〉 , friday-street , bread-street , and other places of 〈◊〉 distance , to the water-side , for the like weight and for places nearer , or of less distance , the 〈◊〉 hiring , and to be hired , are to make agreement 〈◊〉 or proportionable to the rates before - 〈◊〉 . orders for carr-men . the carr-men for the foregoing rates are to help load and unload their carrs . if a carr-man exact more than these rates , upon 〈◊〉 proof before the lord mayor , or any two justices 〈◊〉 the peace , he shall suffer imprisonment for the 〈◊〉 of days , without bayl or mainprise . if any merchant , or other person , shall refuse to 〈◊〉 a carr-man for his hire after these rates , upon 〈◊〉 made by the carr-man to the president of 〈◊〉 - hospital , or any justice of the peace , the 〈◊〉 or justice may oblige them to do it . all merchants , or others , may chuse what carr they 〈◊〉 , except such as stand for wharf-work , tackle-work , work , crane-work , shop and merchants houses , 〈◊〉 are to be taken in turn . every carr-man standing with his empty carr next 〈◊〉 any goods to be loaden , shall upon the first demand 〈◊〉 the same , without bargaining for any other wages 〈◊〉 the rates before-mentioned . if a merchant , or other person , shall cause a 〈◊〉 to attend at his house , shop , ware-house , 〈◊〉 cellar , with his loaden carr , above half an hour 〈◊〉 he unloads , ( the carr-man being willing to 〈◊〉 unload the same ) he shall pay the carr-man after 〈◊〉 rate of twelve pence for every hour after the 〈◊〉 half hour , for his attendance . every licensed carr-man is to have a piece of 〈◊〉 fixed upon his carr , upon which is to be set a 〈◊〉 number , which number ( together with the 〈◊〉 name ) is registred in a register kept in 〈◊〉 hospital ; so that if any carr-man offends , it is 〈◊〉 taking notice of the number of his carr , and 〈◊〉 for that in the said register , and you will find 〈◊〉 name . every carr-man that shall not conform to the 〈◊〉 rules , or work without a numbred piece of 〈◊〉 fixed on his carr , may be suspended from his 〈◊〉 . complaints of the abuses of carr-men may be 〈◊〉 every tuesday , at two of the clock in the 〈◊〉 to the court sitting in christ-hospital . the rates or fares of water-men . as they were set forth by the lord mayor , and court of aldermen , sept. . .   oars . skuller .   s. d. s. d. from london to lime-bouse , new-crane , shadwell-dock , bell-wharf , ratcliff-cross to wapping-dock , wapping new , and wapping old stairs , the hermitage , rotherhith church stairs , and rotherhith stairs from st. olaves to rotherhith church stairs , and rotherhith stairs from billinsgate and st. olaves to st. saviour's mill all the stairs between london - bridge and westminster from either side above london-bridge to lambeth and fox-hall from white-hall to lambeth and fox-hall from temple , dorset , black-fryers stairs , and paul's wharf , to lambeth over the water directly in the next skuller between london-bridge and lime-house , or london-bridge and fox-hall   oars , whole fare company .     s. d. s. d. from london to gravesend graise , or greenhive purfleet , or eriff woolwich black-wall greenwich , or deptford chelsey , battersey , wansworth 〈◊〉 putney , fulham , barn - elms 〈◊〉 hamersmith , chiswick , mortlack 〈◊〉 brentford ; isleworth , richmond 〈◊〉 twickenham 〈◊〉 kingston 〈◊〉 hampton-court 〈◊〉 hampton town , sunbury , and walton 〈◊〉 weybridge and chertsey 〈◊〉 stanes 〈◊〉 windsor 〈◊〉 rates for carrying of goods in the 〈◊〉 between gravesend and london .   s. d. a half firkin whole firkin hogshead hundred weight of cheese , iron , or any heavy goods sack of salt , or corn an ordinary chest or trunk 〈◊〉 an ordinary hamper 〈◊〉 the hire of the whole tilt-boat 〈◊〉 every single person in the ordinary passage 〈◊〉 what waterman takes and demands more 〈◊〉 these rates , lies liable to pay forty shillings , and 〈◊〉 half a years imprisonment . and if he refuse to carry any passenger or goods 〈◊〉 these rates , upon complaint made to the lord 〈◊〉 and court of aldermen , he shall be suspended 〈◊〉 his employ for twelve months . finis . a companion for excise-men , containing the excise-man's aid & journal , with tables for excise exactly calculated . by john mayne . printed by a. godbid , and j. playford , dwelling in little-britain , london , . the excise-man's aid , being a table calculated for the use of country gaugers . the use of the following table is so plain , that it will want little explanation , instead of which take the following examples . it is requisite , that every officer have always in readiness a small line of silk , with a plummet , and a rule . let this plummet down to the chine of the vessel , and with your rule take the distance from the thred to the side of the tun ( if it be the frustum of a cone , as most of them are ; ) take that distance for your mean diameter , then take the depth of liquor , with these enter the table , and against the diameter , in the column under the depth , you have the content in gallons and pints . example . a b c d a round tun. o c the line and plummet . o b the mean diameter inches . e f the depth of liquor inches . look in the table , under the title diameter , for , and against it in the column under you find , which 〈◊〉 nineteen gallons and five pints , the quantity of liquor then in the tun. a table of the content of cylinders in ale gallons and pints , from one to five foot of diameter , and from one to ten inches in depth . diam . depth .   g. p. g. p. g. p. g. p. g. p. g. p. g. p. g. p. g. p. g. p. / / 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to gauge a cask by the table . take double the diameter at the bung , and once the diameter at the head , add these together , and divide the sum by , the quote take for your mean diameter ; then consider what depths in the table will compleat your casks length , take those gallons , add them together , and the sum will be the content of the cask . so is the content of the cask found to be gallons and pints to gauge a square back or an oblong . multiply the length by the breadth , and divide by , the quote will be the gallons contained in one inch of depth in that back . so doth this back contain gallons and pints upon inch of depth . to find the area of a triangle in ale gallons . multiply the base of the triangle by half the perpendicular , and divide the product by . so doth this tun contain gallons and pints upon one inch of depth . to gauge a back in any other form , consisting of right lines . divide it into triangles , adding the area's of them into one sum , which will be the area of that figure . example . a b c d a trapeza or an irregular figure of sides . c b the common base to both triangles . so doth this back contain gallons and pints upon one inch. excise-man's journal or stock-book : being a general method to be observed by all supervisors and officers , in keeping their accompt of the increase and decrease of the victuallers stock . john downes of tamemouth .     charge .                   x. g. vj.               feb. / / / — — — —   / / — — — — c. / / / / — /   / / — — — — b. / / / — — — — c. / / / —   richard jones of kingsberry .   charge .     x. g. vj.   〈◊〉 / / — — — b. / / / /   / / / — — — c. / /   / — — — c. /   upon the fourth day of february i came into cellar , and found there casks , which with marking-iron i numbred upon the head of each cask 〈◊〉 , , &c. number 〈◊〉 by the gauge holds ale 〈◊〉 number , , number is , and number 〈◊〉 gallons in it , and the rest respectively : these i place 〈◊〉 in each column , where note , that the first in the 〈◊〉 the uppermost number , and so forward . the first , viz. is full ; the second , , is half full ; the third , viz. is empty ; the fourth , fifth , and sixth , are full ; and seventh , being , is a quarter full . now at the second survey i find the second and 〈◊〉 out , the fourth a drawing , the fifth and sixth full as 〈◊〉 were , the seventh and eighth empty , the ninth is half 〈◊〉 is out , eleventh , twelfth , thirteenth and 〈◊〉 full , fifteenth and sixteenth empty : but i find in the 〈◊〉 gallons x ale by the gauge ready to be 〈◊〉 which i note in the last column . the third visit i find fill'd , as i found before in the tun , which by the 〈◊〉 reduction is six and a half barrels and two gallons , 〈◊〉 i charge accordingly , with two barrels of small i 〈◊〉 in the coolers . upon the same day i came into another cellar , and 〈◊〉 there but casks , which i gauged and marked as 〈◊〉 , but having columns enough in my book , i put 〈◊〉 one in each column ; number , holding gallons , 〈◊〉 in the column under its number and content , and 〈◊〉 rest in order . finding the people brewing , i note 〈◊〉 in the last column ; but the worts not being off , i 〈◊〉 take no gauge there , only go away with the account 〈◊〉 my stock . at my next coming i find they have cleansed , the stock 〈◊〉 thus : which by the table of reduction is two and a half 〈◊〉 and four gallons , which i charge accordingly . now at the drawing your voucher , enter your odd 〈◊〉 after your several charges , thus : john downes .   x.   vj. febr. / — — odd gall. / — —   / — leaving the one gallon to your next voucher . a table of reduction of gallons into 〈◊〉 and firkins . gall. barr. gall. barr. gall. 〈◊〉 / / 〈◊〉 / / 〈◊〉 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / 〈◊〉 / / / / / 〈◊〉 / / / / / having gallons , i find in the table is 〈◊〉 barrels and a half , then my charge is six barrels 〈◊〉 a half and two gallons ; and so of any other sum 〈◊〉 the table . tables for the use of the excise office . a table of the nett excise of beer 〈◊〉 ale , allowing defaulcation of in for 〈◊〉 and in for ale , to common brewers , 〈◊〉 to the car. ii. barrels . strong beer . ale small beer . l. s. d. q. l. s. d. q. l. s. d. q. the vse of the foregoing table . the use of this table is so plain and easie , that 〈◊〉 suppose it will not want any explanation ; 〈◊〉 one example only . quest . what is the nett duty of barrels of strong beer ? proved by proportion thus : which fraction reduced makes the whole amount 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , within less than half a farthing . a table of excise for strong beer and ale , at s. d. per barrel , and small beer at d. from one to a thousand barrels . barrels . strong beer and ale. small beer .   l. s. d. l. s. d. a proclamation to restrain the excessive carriages in wagons and four-wheeled carts to the destruction of high-ways england and wales. sovereign ( - : charles ii) approx. kb of xml-encoded text transcribed from -bit group-iv tiff page images. text creation partnership, ann arbor, mi ; oxford (uk) : - (eebo-tcp phase ). a wing c estc r ocm this keyboarded and encoded edition of the work described above is co-owned by the institutions providing financial support to the early english books online text creation partnership. this phase i text is available for reuse, according to the terms of creative commons . universal . the text can be copied, modified, distributed and performed, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission. early english books online. (eebo-tcp ; phase , no. a ) transcribed from: (early english books online ; image set ) images scanned from microfilm: (early english books, - ; : ) a proclamation to restrain the excessive carriages in wagons and four-wheeled carts to the destruction of high-ways england and wales. sovereign ( - : charles ii) charles ii, king of england, - . leaves printed by john bill and christopher barker ..., london : . reproduction of original in the university of illinois (urbana-champaign campus). library. imprint from colophon. caption title. at head of title: by the king. at end of text: given at our court at whitehall, the sixteenth day of august, . in the thirteenth year of our raign. created by converting tcp files to tei p using tcp tei.xsl, tei @ oxford. re-processed by university of nebraska-lincoln and northwestern, with changes to facilitate morpho-syntactic tagging. gap elements of known extent have been transformed into placeholder characters or elements to simplify the filling in of gaps by user contributors. eebo-tcp is a partnership between the universities of michigan and oxford and the publisher proquest to create accurately transcribed and encoded texts based on the image sets published by proquest via their early english books online (eebo) database (http://eebo.chadwyck.com). the general aim of eebo-tcp is to encode one copy (usually the first edition) of every monographic english-language title published between and available in eebo. eebo-tcp aimed to produce large quantities of textual data within the usual project restraints of time and funding, and therefore chose to create diplomatic transcriptions (as opposed to critical editions) with light-touch, mainly structural encoding based on the text encoding initiative (http://www.tei-c.org). the eebo-tcp project was divided into two phases. the , texts created during phase of the project have been released into the public domain as of january . anyone can now take and use these texts for their own purposes, but we respectfully request that due credit and attribution is given to their original source. users should be aware of the process of creating the tcp texts, and therefore of any assumptions that can be made about the data. text selection was based on the new cambridge bibliography of english literature (ncbel). if an author (or for an anonymous work, the title) appears in ncbel, then their works are eligible for inclusion. selection was intended to range over a wide variety of subject areas, to reflect the true nature of the print record of the period. in general, first editions of a works in english were prioritized, although there are a number of works in other languages, notably latin and welsh, included and sometimes a second or later edition of a work was chosen if there was a compelling reason to do so. image sets were sent to external keying companies for transcription and basic encoding. quality assurance was then carried out by editorial teams in oxford and michigan. % (or pages, whichever is the greater) of each text was proofread for accuracy and those which did not meet qa standards were returned to the keyers to be redone. after proofreading, the encoding was enhanced and/or corrected and characters marked as illegible were corrected where possible up to a limit of instances per text. any remaining illegibles were encoded as <gap>s. understanding these processes should make clear that, while the overall quality of tcp data is very good, some errors will remain and some readable characters will be marked as illegible. users should bear in mind that in all likelihood such instances will never have been looked at by a tcp editor. the texts were encoded and linked to page images in accordance with level of the tei in libraries guidelines. copies of the texts have been issued variously as sgml (tcp schema; ascii text with mnemonic sdata character entities); displayable xml (tcp schema; characters represented either as utf- unicode or text strings within braces); or lossless xml (tei p , characters represented either as utf- unicode or tei g elements). keying and markup guidelines are available at the text creation partnership web site . eng carriages and carts. roads -- great britain -- early works to . - tcp assigned for keying and markup - aptara keyed and coded from proquest page images - john latta sampled and proofread - john latta text and markup reviewed and edited - pfs batch review (qc) and xml conversion by the king. a proclamation to restrain the excessive carriages in wagons and four-wheeled carts , to the destruction of high-ways . charles r. whereas it appertaineth to us to have special care , that the common high-ways , and bridges , leading from place to place within this realm , might be kept in due repair for the ease and good of our loving subjects ; and observing notwithstanding the good provision of our laws in that behalf made , and the conformity and forwardness of our subjects in so publique and necessary a work , that our high-ways and bridges are at this present grown into great decay , and very dangerous for passage , we have upon due examination found , that the said decays are occasioned by the common carriers of this realm , who for their singular and private profit , do now usually travail with carts and wagons with four whéels , drawn with eight , nine , or ten horses or more , and do commonly therein carry sixty and seventy hundred weight at one burthen at one time , which burden and weight is so great and excessive , as that the very foundations of bridges are in many places thereby shaken , and the high-ways and cawseys furrowed and ploughed up by the whéels of the said carts and wagons so overladen , and made so déep , and full of dangerous slows and holes , as neither can passengers travail thereby in safety , nor the inhabitants or persons by law bound to repair them , be able to undergo so great a charge : where heretofore all common carriers usually went with carts of two whéels onely , wherewith they could not well carry above twenty hundred weight at once , or there abouts , which the bridges , cawseys , and ordinary high-ways , did and might well bear without any great damage to the same : we therefore intending the reformation of the premisses , and it having béen resolved by the advice of the iudges formerly taken herein , that by the law of this our realm , the said excessive and extraordinary kind of carriages , whereby our high-ways are thus destroyed , are common nusances and annoyances against the weal-publique , and an offence against our crown ; do hereby streightly charge , require and command , that no common carrier , or other person or persons whatsoever , shall hereafter use , go , or travail with any cart or wagon made with four wheels , to be drawn with above five horses at once along their iourney , unless they go all two abrest , in which case they are limited to no number , that the high-ways and bridges may hereafter receive the less damage thereby , upon pain of incurring our high displeasure , and to receive condign punishment , as contemners of our royal will and commandment , and to be further prosecuted and punished for the said nusances and annoyances , by fine and such other ways , as the laws of this our realm have provided against offenders in that kind : to which end , we do hereby expresly charge , as well our iudges , as our atturney-general , to exact and require the extremity of our laws in that behalf ; and that every offender contrary to this our proclamation shall for his contempt be prosecuted in our court of kings bench , and other courts whereunto the cognisance thereof shall belong , by information or indictment , and thereupon be fined and procéeded against according to their demerit ; nevertheless , our intent , will , and commandment is , and we do hereby streightly charge , command , and prohibite , that no common carrier whatsoever shall by colour hereof take occasion to inhance or raise the prices of carriage from any part or place within our said realm , under pain of our displeasure , and upon complaint thereof to us , or our privy councel made , to be further punished ; as shall be thought fit and just according to law. and lastly , we do hereby will and require all majors , sheriffs , iustices of peace , and other our officers and ministers in all counties and priviledged places whatsoever within this our realm , that they , and every of them in their several offices and places , do from time to time provide and see to the due execution of this our pleasure and royal commandment ; and that they discover and make known all offenders herein , that they may be severely punished for their contempts , as also that they neglect not , but continue the repaire and maintenance of high-ways , bridges and cawseys within this our realm , according to the laws , statutes and ordinances now in force , as they tender our pleasure , and will answer the contrary at their utmost perils . given at our court at whitehall , the sixteenth day of august , . in the thirteenth year of our raign . god save the king . london , printed by iohn bill and christopher barker , printers to the king' 's most excellent majesty , . at the king's printing-house in black-fryars . die veneris, die augusti, . the lords in parliament taking notice, that the streets, lanes, and other publike passages in or neer the cities of london and westminster ... are very much out of repair .. proceedings. - - . england and wales. parliament. this text is an enriched version of the tcp digital transcription a of text r in the english short title catalog (wing e ). textual changes and metadata enrichments aim at making the text more computationally tractable, easier to read, and suitable for network-based collaborative curation by amateur and professional end users from many walks of life. the text has been tokenized and linguistically annotated with morphadorner. the annotation includes standard spellings that support the display of a text in a standardized format that preserves archaic forms ('loveth', 'seekest'). textual changes aim at restoring the text the author or stationer meant to publish. this text has not been fully proofread approx. kb of xml-encoded text transcribed from -bit group-iv tiff page image. earlyprint project evanston,il, notre dame, in, st. louis, mo a wing e estc r this keyboarded and encoded edition of the work described above is co-owned by the institutions providing financial support to the early english books online text creation partnership. this phase i text is available for reuse, according to the terms of creative commons . universal . the text can be copied, modified, distributed and performed, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission. early english books online. (eebo-tcp ; phase , no. a ) transcribed from: (early english books online ; image set ) images scanned from microfilm: (early english books, - ; : ) die veneris, die augusti, . the lords in parliament taking notice, that the streets, lanes, and other publike passages in or neer the cities of london and westminster ... are very much out of repair .. proceedings. - - . england and wales. parliament. sheet ([ ] p.) printed for john bill, printer to the king's most excellent majesty [at the king's printing-house in black-friers], london : . at the king's printing-house in black-friers. title from caption and first lines of text. "saturday the . day of december, . ordered by the lords in parliament assembled, that the above said order be renewed for six moneths longer next ensuing the date hereof, and to be printed and published forthwith. jo. browne cleric. parliamentorum.". reproduction of the original in the bodleian library. eng great britain. -- parliament -- history -- early works to . roads -- england -- early works to . a r (wing e ). civilwar no die veneris, die augusti, . the lords in parliament taking notice, that the streets, lanes, and other publike passages in or neer the england and wales. parliament a this text has no known defects that were recorded as gap elements at the time of transcription. - tcp assigned for keying and markup - spi global keyed and coded from proquest page images - mona logarbo sampled and proofread - mona logarbo text and markup reviewed and edited - pfs batch review (qc) and xml conversion royal blazon or coat of arms c r honi soit qvi mal y pense diev et mon droit die veneris , die augusti , . the lords in parliament taking notice , that the streets , lanes , and other publike passages in or neer the cities of london and westminster , and the liberties thereof , and especially in holborne , and the lane commonly called st. margrets lane , leading to the parliament house ; as also the high-ways about the said liberties of london and westminster , are very much out of repair : it is ordered by the lords in parliament assembled , that the iustices of peace , and all others herein concerned , shall forthwith upon sight of this order , take effectual care that the said streets , and lanes , and high-ways , especially within one mile of the said cities , or either of them , be speedily repaired according to law , as they will answer the contrary at their perils . and it is further ordered , that the iustices of peace , and other persons concerned , do take care that no place be used for a laystall , or for laying of soyl or other offensive things , in or neer the said cities , or either of them , which hath not been used for that purpose above or before the space of twenty years last past : and that all such places now used for those uses , which have not been so used before twenty years last past , be cleansed , and all soyl , and other offensive things removed thence within the space of two moneths next ensuing . saturday the . day of december , . ordered by the lords in parliament assembled , that the abovesaid order be renewed for six moneths longer next ensuing the date hereof , and to be printed and published forthwith . jo. browne cleric . parliamentorum . london , printed by john bill , printer to the king' 's most excellent majesty , . at the king's printing-house in black-friers . by the king, a proclamation for suspending the prosecution upon that part of the late act of parliament for enlarging and repairing of common high-ways, as concerneth the breadth of the tyre of wheels england and wales. sovereign ( - : charles ii) approx. kb of xml-encoded text transcribed from -bit group-iv tiff page image. text creation partnership, ann arbor, mi ; oxford (uk) : - (eebo-tcp phase ). a wing c estc r ocm this keyboarded and encoded edition of the work described above is co-owned by the institutions providing financial support to the early english books online text creation partnership. this phase i text is available for reuse, according to the terms of creative commons . universal . the text can be copied, modified, distributed and performed, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission. early english books online. (eebo-tcp ; phase , no. a ) transcribed from: (early english books online ; image set ) images scanned from microfilm: (early english books, - ; : ) by the king, a proclamation for suspending the prosecution upon that part of the late act of parliament for enlarging and repairing of common high-ways, as concerneth the breadth of the tyre of wheels england and wales. sovereign ( - : charles ii) charles ii, king of england, - . broadside. printed by john bill and christopher barker ..., london : . "given at our court at whitehall, the th day of october, , in the fourteenth year of our reign." reproduction of original in the harvard library. created by converting tcp files to tei p using tcp tei.xsl, tei @ oxford. re-processed by university of nebraska-lincoln and northwestern, with changes to facilitate morpho-syntactic tagging. gap elements of known extent have been transformed into placeholder characters or elements to simplify the filling in of gaps by user contributors. eebo-tcp is a partnership between the universities of michigan and oxford and the publisher proquest to create accurately transcribed and encoded texts based on the image sets published by proquest via their early english books online (eebo) database (http://eebo.chadwyck.com). the general aim of eebo-tcp is to encode one copy (usually the first edition) of every monographic english-language title published between and available in eebo. eebo-tcp aimed to produce large quantities of textual data within the usual project restraints of time and funding, and therefore chose to create diplomatic transcriptions (as opposed to critical editions) with light-touch, mainly structural encoding based on the text encoding initiative (http://www.tei-c.org). the eebo-tcp project was divided into two phases. the , texts created during phase of the project have been released into the public domain as of january . anyone can now take and use these texts for their own purposes, but we respectfully request that due credit and attribution is given to their original source. users should be aware of the process of creating the tcp texts, and therefore of any assumptions that can be made about the data. text selection was based on the new cambridge bibliography of english literature (ncbel). if an author (or for an anonymous work, the title) appears in ncbel, then their works are eligible for inclusion. selection was intended to range over a wide variety of subject areas, to reflect the true nature of the print record of the period. in general, first editions of a works in english were prioritized, although there are a number of works in other languages, notably latin and welsh, included and sometimes a second or later edition of a work was chosen if there was a compelling reason to do so. image sets were sent to external keying companies for transcription and basic encoding. quality assurance was then carried out by editorial teams in oxford and michigan. % (or pages, whichever is the greater) of each text was proofread for accuracy and those which did not meet qa standards were returned to the keyers to be redone. after proofreading, the encoding was enhanced and/or corrected and characters marked as illegible were corrected where possible up to a limit of instances per text. any remaining illegibles were encoded as <gap>s. understanding these processes should make clear that, while the overall quality of tcp data is very good, some errors will remain and some readable characters will be marked as illegible. users should bear in mind that in all likelihood such instances will never have been looked at by a tcp editor. the texts were encoded and linked to page images in accordance with level of the tei in libraries guidelines. copies of the texts have been issued variously as sgml (tcp schema; ascii text with mnemonic sdata character entities); displayable xml (tcp schema; characters represented either as utf- unicode or text strings within braces); or lossless xml (tei p , characters represented either as utf- unicode or tei g elements). keying and markup guidelines are available at the text creation partnership web site . eng highway law -- england. roads -- england -- design and construction. great britain -- history -- charles ii, - . - tcp assigned for keying and markup - spi global keyed and coded from proquest page images - mona logarbo sampled and proofread - mona logarbo text and markup reviewed and edited - pfs batch review (qc) and xml conversion c r diev et mon droit honi soit qvi mal y pense royal blazon or coat of arms by the king. a proclamation for suspending the prosecution upon that part of the late act of parliament for enlarging and repairing of common high-ways , as concerneth the breadth of the tyre of wheels . charles r. whereas by the act of this present parliament , for enlarging and repairing of common high-ways , it is amongst other things enacted , that no waggon , wayn , cart , or carriage shall be imployed for the uses therein mentioned , the wheels whereof are less then four inches in the tyre , upon the penalties by the said act in that behalf provided ; whereupon complaints and representations have been made to his majesty , and his privy council , from the lord mayor of the city of london , and from divers parts of the countrey , that many inconveniencies are like to ensue , if that part of the said act shall be urged to be observed , or put in execution , concerning breadth of wheels , by reason in many places the rutts cannot receive such wheels , nor carriages pass , especially in the winter season now approaching , and in narrow passages , and in respect also of the difficulty and charge ( if not impossibility ) of providing materials for new wheels , and waggons and carts answerable to them at once universally over the nation , by which means commerce and intercourse will be much obstructed , the city of london , and other places deprived of necessary supplies of provisions , and the countrey disabled to vend and utter their goods and manufactures ; his majesty hath therefore thought fit , by and with the advice of his privy council , to order and declare , and doth hereby straitly charge and command , that all prosecutions upon that clause of the said act , concerning the breadth of the tyre of wheels , shall be suspended and forborn until the parliament re-assemble , and take further order , and that in the mean time , no distresses shall be taken , or other proceedings had for that offence , and that the horses and goods therefore already seized , taken or distrained , shall be forthwith discharged and restored , without charge to the owners . provided that this proclamation shall not be taken , nor is intended to suspend the prosecution on any other parts of the said act , other then concerning the breadth of the tyre of wheels only , neither shall continue longer , then until the parliament upon consideration thereof shall take further order . given at our court at whitehal the th day of october , . in the fourteenth year of our reign . god save the king. london , printed by john bill and christopher barker , printers to the kings most excellent majesty , . advertisement anent the reparation of high-ways and bridges scotland. privy council. approx. kb of xml-encoded text transcribed from -bit group-iv tiff page image. text creation partnership, ann arbor, mi ; oxford (uk) : - (eebo-tcp phase ). a wing s estc r ocm this keyboarded and encoded edition of the work described above is co-owned by the institutions providing financial support to the early english books online text creation partnership. this phase i text is available for reuse, according to the terms of creative commons . universal . the text can be copied, modified, distributed and performed, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission. early english books online. (eebo-tcp ; phase , no. a ) transcribed from: (early english books online ; image set ) images scanned from microfilm: (early english books, - ; : ) advertisement anent the reparation of high-ways and bridges scotland. privy council. fraser, andrew. sheet ([ ] p.). forbes], [aberdeen : . place and publisher suggested by wing ( nd ed.). signed at end: given under my hand at aberdeen, the threteenth [sic] day of july, . andrew fraser, sheriff-deput [sic] of aberdeen. reproduction of original in the aberdeen city charter room, (aberdeen, scotland). created by converting tcp files to tei p using tcp tei.xsl, tei @ oxford. re-processed by university of nebraska-lincoln and northwestern, with changes to facilitate morpho-syntactic tagging. gap elements of known extent have been transformed into placeholder characters or elements to simplify the filling in of gaps by user contributors. eebo-tcp is a partnership between the universities of michigan and oxford and the publisher proquest to create accurately transcribed and encoded texts based on the image sets published by proquest via their early english books online (eebo) database (http://eebo.chadwyck.com). the general aim of eebo-tcp is to encode one copy (usually the first edition) of every monographic english-language title published between and available in eebo. eebo-tcp aimed to produce large quantities of textual data within the usual project restraints of time and funding, and therefore chose to create diplomatic transcriptions (as opposed to critical editions) with light-touch, mainly structural encoding based on the text encoding initiative (http://www.tei-c.org). the eebo-tcp project was divided into two phases. the , texts created during phase of the project have been released into the public domain as of january . anyone can now take and use these texts for their own purposes, but we respectfully request that due credit and attribution is given to their original source. users should be aware of the process of creating the tcp texts, and therefore of any assumptions that can be made about the data. text selection was based on the new cambridge bibliography of english literature (ncbel). if an author (or for an anonymous work, the title) appears in ncbel, then their works are eligible for inclusion. selection was intended to range over a wide variety of subject areas, to reflect the true nature of the print record of the period. in general, first editions of a works in english were prioritized, although there are a number of works in other languages, notably latin and welsh, included and sometimes a second or later edition of a work was chosen if there was a compelling reason to do so. image sets were sent to external keying companies for transcription and basic encoding. quality assurance was then carried out by editorial teams in oxford and michigan. % (or pages, whichever is the greater) of each text was proofread for accuracy and those which did not meet qa standards were returned to the keyers to be redone. after proofreading, the encoding was enhanced and/or corrected and characters marked as illegible were corrected where possible up to a limit of instances per text. any remaining illegibles were encoded as <gap>s. understanding these processes should make clear that, while the overall quality of tcp data is very good, some errors will remain and some readable characters will be marked as illegible. users should bear in mind that in all likelihood such instances will never have been looked at by a tcp editor. the texts were encoded and linked to page images in accordance with level of the tei in libraries guidelines. copies of the texts have been issued variously as sgml (tcp schema; ascii text with mnemonic sdata character entities); displayable xml (tcp schema; characters represented either as utf- unicode or text strings within braces); or lossless xml (tei p , characters represented either as utf- unicode or tei g elements). keying and markup guidelines are available at the text creation partnership web site . eng highway law -- scotland. roads -- scotland -- maintenance and repair broadsides -- aberdeen (scotland) -- th century. - tcp assigned for keying and markup - apex covantage keyed and coded from proquest page images - mona logarbo sampled and proofread - mona logarbo text and markup reviewed and edited - pfs batch review (qc) and xml conversion advertisement anent the reparation of high-ways and bridges . whereas the lords of his majesties most honorable privie council , have by their act of date the twenty second day of june last , renewed the former acts , both of parliament and council for reparation of high-ways and bridges , and strictly required obedience thereto , and for that end have specialy appointed that all the heretors and freeholders within all shyres be north tay , should meet at the head burghs of the respective shyres , upon the third tuesday of july instant , and requiring the sheriffs to cause make intimation thereof at each parish kirk upon the sunday immediatly preceeding the same . therefore , these are advertiseing and requireing all heretors and free-holders within this shyre , to conveen and meet in the tolbooth of the burgh of aberdeen or councill-house thereof , upon the said third tuesday of july instant , being the twenty day , at eleven a clock in the forenoon ; and then , and there to consider of the said acts of parliament , and take exact course for makeing of the same effectuall : certifying such as shal be absent , that they will be fyned according to the authority of the said acts. and that none pretend ignorance , these by order of the right honorable the earle of erroll , sheriff principall are appointed to be published by me . given under my hand at aberdeen , the threteenth day of july . andrew fraser sheriff-deput of aberdeen .