Reasons against the rendering of our sworne and subscribed confession of faith
         Warriston, Archibald Johnston, Lord, 1611-1663.
      
       
         
           1638
        
      
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             Reasons against the rendering of our sworne and subscribed confession of faith
             Warriston, Archibald Johnston, Lord, 1611-1663.
          
           [4] p.
           
             Printed by G. Anderson?,
             [Edinburgh :
             1638]
          
           
             By Archibald Johnston, Lord Warriston. Erroneously attributed to Alexander Henderson.
             Caption title.
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           Church of Scotland -- History, (17th century) -- Early works to 1800.
           Covenants (Church polity) -- Early works to 1800.
           Scotland -- Church history -- 17th century -- Early works to 1800.
        
      
    
     
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           Reasons
           against
           the
           rendering
           of
           Our
           sworne
           and
           subscribed
           Confession
           of
           Faith.
           
        
         
           1.
           
           IF
           wee
           should
           rendér
           Our
           subscribed
           Covenant
           ,
           wee
           can
           not
           bee
           free
           of
           the
           great
           guiltinesse
           of
           Perjurie
           before
           GOD
           :
           for
           as
           Wè
           were
           drawn
           by
           necessitie
           to
           enter
           into
           a
           mutuall
           Union
           and
           Conjunction
           amongst
           Our selves
           .
           So
           are
           Wee
           bound
           not
           only
           by
           the
           Laws
           of
           GOD
           and
           nature
           ,
           but
           by
           Our
           solemne
           Oath
           and
           Subscription
           ,
           against
           all
           dangerous
           or
           divisive
           motions
           ,
           by
           all
           lawfull
           meanes
           to
           promove
           and
           observe
           the
           same
           without
           violation
           ,
           and
           not
           suffer
           our selves
           by
           whatsoever
           suggestion
           ,
           allurement
           ,
           or
           terror
           ,
           directly
           or
           indirectly
           to
           be
           divided
           ,
           or
           drawn
           from
           it
           :
           And
           it
           is
           too
           manifest
           ,
           that
           no
           mo●ion
           can
           be
           more
           divisive
           upon
           the
           one
           side
           ,
           nor
           can
           we
           upon
           the
           other
           part
           more
           directly
           give
           way
           to
           division
           ,
           then
           willingly
           ,
           and
           with
           our
           own
           consent
           to
           render
           the
           band
           of
           our
           union
           and
           conjunction
           to
           be
           destroyed
           ,
           that
           no
           testimony
           thereof
           may
           be
           any
           more
           extant
           .
        
         
           2.
           
           Wee
           would
           distinguish
           (
           except
           wee
           will
           decave
           our selves
           )
           between
           
             Res
             Iurata
             ,
          
           that
           which
           is
           sworn
           ,
           and
           
             Iuratio
          
           our
           swearing
           thereof
           :
           for
           although
           all
           the
           generall
           and
           particular
           points
           contained
           in
           our
           subscribed
           Covenant
           were
           to
           be
           insert
           in
           another
           Covenant
           ,
           to
           be
           made
           by
           the
           expresse
           commandement
           of
           authority
           ;
           yet
           to
           rander
           our
           sworne
           Confession
           ,
           were
           both
           to
           passe
           from
           our
           swearing
           thereof
           ,
           
             a●
             si
             res
             esset
             integra
             ,
          
           as
           if
           we
           had
           never
           sworne
           and
           subscribed
           ;
           and
           also
           to
           destroy
           that
           which
           we
           have
           beene
           doing
           ,
           as
           a
           thing
           unlawfull
           ,
           and
           to
           be
           repented
           of
           .
           It
           were
           not
           only
           to
           make
           our
           oath
           to
           be
           no
           oath
           ,
           our
           subscription
           no
           subscription
           ,
           and
           our
           testimony
           no
           testimony
           ,
           but
           really
           to
           acknowledge
           and
           Confesse
           our selves
           in
           this
           to
           have
           beene
           transgressours
           ;
           so
           that
           we
           can
           neither
           clame
           any
           right
           to
           the
           promise
           of
           GOD
           ,
           nor
           think
           our selves
           obliged
           in
           any
           duety
           to
           GOD
           by
           vertue
           of
           that
           oath
           .
           It
           must
           ever
           be
           remembred
           that
           oaths
           and
           perjuries
           are
           multiplied
           ,
           not
           only
           according
           to
           the
           diversity
           of
           the
           things
           that
           are
           sworne
           ,
           but
           according
           
           to
           the
           sweareing
           of
           the
           same
           thing
           at
           diverse
           times
           ;
           so
           oft
           as
           we
           sweare
           and
           subscribe
           the
           same
           thing
           ,
           by
           so
           many
           oathes
           and
           obligations
           are
           we
           bound
           unto
           GOD
           ,
           and
           consequently
           the
           rendering
           of
           our
           subscription
           ,
           is
           the
           renunceing
           of
           that
           individuall
           b●nd
           and
           obligation
           ,
           although
           possibly
           by
           another
           we
           may
           s●●nd
           bound
           or
           sworne
           .
        
         
           3.
           
           Our
           voluntary
           renewing
           of
           our
           Covenant
           with
           GOD
           ,
           carieth
           greater
           evidence
           of
           a
           free
           service
           to
           GOD
           :
           then
           if
           it
           had
           beene
           done
           by
           expresse
           commandement
           of
           authority
           :
           Because
           the
           power
           of
           GOD
           makeing
           his
           people
           so
           willing
           ,
           and
           the
           readinesse
           and
           sincerity
           of
           the
           people
           is
           so
           much
           the
           more
           manifest
           ,
           like
           as
           the
           LORD
           from
           heaven
           hath
           testified
           his
           acceptance
           by
           the
           wonderfull
           workings
           of
           his
           Spirit
           in
           the
           hearts
           both
           of
           pastors
           and
           people
           ,
           to
           their
           great
           comfort
           and
           strengthning
           in
           every
           duety
           ,
           above
           any
           measure
           that
           ever
           hath
           beene
           heard
           of
           in
           this
           Land
           ;
           And
           therefore
           to
           give
           any
           token
           of
           recalling
           the
           same
           were
           unthankfully
           to
           misregard
           the
           work
           of
           GOD
           ,
           and
           to
           quite
           all
           the
           comforts
           and
           corroborations
           that
           the
           people
           of
           GOD
           have
           to
           their
           great
           joy
           experienced
           at
           this
           time
           .
        
         
           4.
           
           We
           have
           decla●ed
           before
           GOD
           and
           the
           world
           ,
           that
           this
           our
           Covenant
           ,
           as
           it
           now
           stand●th
           sworne
           and
           subscribed
           ,
           is
           lawfull
           and
           necessary
           ,
           that
           it
           is
           done
           in
           obedience
           to
           the
           commandement
           of
           GOD
           ,
           conforme
           to
           the
           practice
           of
           the
           godly
           ,
           and
           according
           to
           the
           laudable
           example
           of
           our
           religious
           progenitors
           ,
           who
           by
           the
           like
           oath
           have
           obliged
           us
           to
           the
           substance
           and
           tenor
           of
           this
           :
           And
           therefore
           if
           we
           should
           now
           by
           rendering
           our
           Covenant
           un●o
           that
           which
           we
           have
           done
           ,
           we
           should
           deny
           the
           commandement
           of
           God
           ,
           condemne
           the
           examples
           in
           scripture
           ,
           and
           the
           practis●s
           in
           this
           kirk
           ,
           and
           precondemne
           all
           like
           commendable
           cou●ses
           to
           be
           taken
           by
           posterity
           in
           the
           like
           exigence
           .
        
         
           5.
           
           No
           Covenant
           in
           things
           civile
           can
           be
           alt●red
           or
           rescinded
           without
           consent
           of
           the
           parties
           with
           whom
           it
           is
           made
           ;
           But
           Our
           Covenant
           is
           a
           religious
           Covenant
           made
           with
           GOD
           and
           amongst
           Our selves
           ,
           and
           therefore
           can
           not
           be
           rendered
           without
           the
           expresse
           consent
           of
           the
           meanest
           of
           all
           the
           subscribers
           ▪
           who
           justly
           for
           their
           comfort
           may
           crave
           of
           Us
           all
           the
           benefite
           and
           performance
           thereof
           .
        
         
         
           6.
           
           There
           is
           no
           appearance
           that
           such
           as
           affect
           the
           prelates
           and
           their
           courses
           ,
           will
           be
           moved
           to
           sweare
           and
           subscribe
           all
           the
           parts
           of
           this
           Covenant
           :
           As
           for
           instance
           ,
           To
           labour
           by
           all
           meanes
           to
           recover
           the
           former
           puritie
           and
           libertie
           of
           the
           Gospel
           ,
           as
           it
           was
           established
           and
           professed
           ,
           before
           the
           novations
           alreadie
           introduced
           ,
           or
           to
           declare
           that
           they
           undoubtedly
           do
           believe
           ,
           that
           the
           innovations
           and
           evils
           contained
           in
           Our
           Supplications
           ;
           Complaints
           ,
           and
           Protestations
           are
           abjured
           in
           the
           Confession
           of
           Faith
           ,
           as
           other
           heads
           of
           Poperie
           expresly
           contained
           therein
           .
        
         
           7.
           
           Although
           all
           the
           points
           of
           the
           subscribed
           Covenant
           were
           ratified
           by
           act
           of
           Parliament
           ,
           yet
           could
           we
           not
           render
           the
           subscribed
           Covenants
           :
           Because
           acts
           of
           Parliament
           are
           changeable
           ,
           and
           of
           the
           nature
           of
           a
           civile
           ratification
           :
           And
           it
           is
           necessarie
           ,
           that
           this
           Our
           Oath
           being
           a
           religious
           and
           perpetuall
           obligation
           ,
           should
           stand
           in
           vigour
           for
           the
           more
           firme
           establishing
           of
           religion
           in
           Our
           owne
           time
           ,
           and
           in
           the
           generations
           following
           .
        
         
           8.
           
           All
           the
           world
           may
           justly
           wonder
           at
           Our
           inconstancie
           ,
           and
           Our
           enemies
           who
           in
           their
           insolencie
           are
           readie
           to
           insult
           upon
           Us
           at
           the
           least
           occasion
           ,
           would
           not
           cease
           to
           mock
           at
           Us
           ,
           and
           traduce
           Us
           as
           perjured
           Covenant-breakers
           ,
           and
           troublers
           of
           the
           peace
           of
           the
           kirk
           and
           kingdome
           ,
           without
           any
           necessary
           cause
           .
        
         
           9.
           
           Although
           we
           do
           not
           compare
           the
           Scriptures
           of
           God
           wi●h
           a
           written
           confession
           of
           faith
           ,
           yet
           as
           the
           rendering
           of
           the
           Bible
           w●s
           the
           sin
           of
           
             Traditores
          
           of
           old
           ,
           and
           a
           signe
           of
           the
           denyall
           of
           the
           truth
           contained
           therein
           :
           so
           the
           rendering
           of
           Our
           Confession
           of
           faith
           ,
           so
           solemnly
           sworne
           and
           subscribed
           ,
           for
           staying
           the
           ●●urse
           of
           defection
           ,
           and
           for
           barring
           of
           Poperie
           ,
           and
           all
           other
           corrupt●o●s
           of
           religion
           ,
           could
           be
           interpreted
           to
           be
           no
           lesse
           ,
           then
           a
           reall
           denyall
           of
           Our
           Faith
           before
           men
           ,
           in
           a
           time
           when
           GOD
           calleth
           for
           the
           Confession
           thereof
           .
        
         
           10.
           
           Many
           fair
           promises
           have
           beene
           made
           ,
           for
           not
           urging
           of
           articles
           already
           concluded
           ,
           and
           for
           not
           troubling
           us
           with
           any
           further
           novations
           ,
           which
           being
           beleived
           ,
           have
           ensnared
           many
           ,
           and
           drawne
           them
           on
           to
           doe
           that
           which
           otherwise
           they
           would
           not
           have
           done
           ,
           all
           which
           promises
           have
           beene
           broken
           and
           denyed
           ,
           when
           the
           performance
           was
           craved
           .
           And
           why
           shall
           We
           not
           expect
           the
           like
           in
           this
           case
           ,
           especially
           where
           the
           challenge
           will
           be
           found
           to
           be
           more
           hard
           and
           difficile
           ?
        
         
           
           
             Objections
             answered
             .
          
           
             
               Ob.
            
             1.
             
             IT
             may
             be
             objected
             that
             the
             Confession
             of
             Faith
             being
             confirmed
             by
             the
             Kings
             Authoritie
             were
             much
             to
             be
             pr●ferred
             to
             this
             ,
             which
             seemeth
             to
             have
             no
             expresse
             command●ment
             of
             authoritie
             .
          
           
             
               Ans.
            
             1.
             
             Our
             Covenant
             wanteth
             not
             the
             warr
             and
             civile
             and
             eccle●i●sticall
             ,
             which
             authorised
             the
             former
             Covenant
             :
             2.
             
             Although
             rash
             and
             unadvised
             oathes
             be
             unlawfull
             ,
             yet
             voluntary
             covenanting
             with
             God
             is
             m●re
             free
             service
             to
             God
             (
             as
             hath
             beene
             said
             before
             )
             then
             that
             which
             is
             comm●nded
             by
             Authoritie
             .
             3.
             
             We
             ought
             not
             to
             do
             ill
             that
             good
             may
             come
             of
             it
             ,
             and
             must
             resolve
             to
             choose
             affliction
             rather
             then
             iniquitie
             .
          
           
             
               Ob.
            
             2.
             
             The
             rendering
             of
             the
             whole
             copies
             of
             the
             subscribed
             Covenant
             were
             a
             ready
             meane
             to
             remove
             all
             feares
             of
             the
             Kings
             wrath
             against
             the
             subscribers
             .
          
           
             
               Ans.
            
             1.
             
             It
             is
             more
             fearefull
             to
             fall
             in
             the
             band
             of
             the
             living
             GOD.
             2.
             
             They
             wrong
             the
             King
             who
             t●reaten
             his
             good
             subjects
             With
             his
             Wrath
             ,
             for
             covenanting
             with
             GOD
             ,
             in
             defence
             of
             religion
             and
             of
             his
             Majesties
             Person
             and
             Authoritie
             .
             3.
             
             It
             were
             more
             righteous
             with
             God
             to
             turn
             his
             Majesties
             Heart
             and
             hand
             against
             Vs
             ,
             for
             d●●ling
             thus
             deceatfully
             in
             his
             Covenant
             .
          
           
             
               O●
            
             3.
             
             If
             this
             be
             not
             granted
             ,
             his
             Majestie
             will
             grant
             neither
             ●●ssemblie
             nor
             Parliament
             for
             establishing
             Religion
             ,
             and
             setling
             the
             peace
             of
             the
             kirk
             and
             kingdome
             .
          
           
             
               Ans.
            
             1.
             
             The
             good
             providence
             of
             God
             so
             sensible
             in
             this
             whole
             〈…〉
             beginning
             ,
             will
             incline
             the
             heart
             of
             so
             just
             and
             gratious
             a
             king
             ,
             to
             〈◊〉
             more
             kindely
             and
             benignely
             with
             his
             good
             Subjects
             .
             2.
             
             We
             have
             law
             ,
             reason
             ,
             and
             custome
             for
             craving
             and
             expecting
             of
             〈…〉
             remedies
             of
             the
             grievances
             and
             feares
             of
             the
             whole
             kirk
             a●d
             c●untrey
             .
          
           
             
               Ob.
            
             4.
             
             The
             end
             of
             the
             making
             of
             our
             Covenant
             was
             ,
             that
             we
             might
             be
             delivered
             from
             the
             innovations
             of
             religion
             ,
             which
             being
             obteined
             ,
             our
             Covenant
             should
             cease
             ,
             as
             having
             no
             further
             use
             .
          
           
             
               Ans.
            
             1.
             
             As
             acts
             of
             Parliament
             against
             poperie
             did
             not
             abolish
             our
             former
             Confess●●n
             of
             faith
             ,
             wherein
             poperie
             was
             abjured
             ,
             So
             Acts
             of
             Parli●ment
             to
             be
             made
             against
             these
             innovations
             can
             not
             make
             our
             Co●●nant
             to
             be
             unprofitable
             .
             2.
             
             Although
             the
             innovations
             of
             religion
             〈◊〉
             the
             o●●●sion
             of
             makeing
             this
             Covenant
             ,
             yet
             our
             intention
             was
             a●●i●st
             th●se
             ,
             and
             against
             all
             other
             innovations
             and
             corruptions
             to
             e●●ablish
             religion
             by
             an
             euerlasting
             Covenant
             never
             to
             be
             forgotten
             .