Newes of the present miseries of Rushia occasioned by the late warre in that countrey. Commenced betweene Sigimond now King of Poland. Charles late King of Swethland. Demetrius, the last of the name, Emperour of Rushia. Together with the memorable occurrences of our owne nationall forces, English, and Scottes, vnder the pay of the now King of Swethland. Brereton, Henry. 1614 Approx. 124 KB of XML-encoded text transcribed from 31 1-bit group-IV TIFF page images. Text Creation Partnership, Ann Arbor, MI ; Oxford (UK) : 2008-09 (EEBO-TCP Phase 1). A68979 STC 3609 ESTC S114176 99849404 99849404 14548 This keyboarded and encoded edition of the work described above is co-owned by the institutions providing financial support to the Early English Books Online Text Creation Partnership. This Phase I text is available for reuse, according to the terms of Creative Commons 0 1.0 Universal . The text can be copied, modified, distributed and performed, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission. Early English books online. (EEBO-TCP ; phase 1, no. A68979) Transcribed from: (Early English Books Online ; image set 14548) Images scanned from microfilm: (Early English books, 1475-1640 ; 1266:07, 1494:06) Newes of the present miseries of Rushia occasioned by the late warre in that countrey. Commenced betweene Sigimond now King of Poland. Charles late King of Swethland. Demetrius, the last of the name, Emperour of Rushia. Together with the memorable occurrences of our owne nationall forces, English, and Scottes, vnder the pay of the now King of Swethland. Brereton, Henry. [4], 56 p. Printed [by N. Okes] for Iohn Bache, and are to be sold at his shop on the backe-side of the Royall Exchange, London : 1614. Dedication signed: Henry Brereton. Printer's name from STC. Running title reads: The miseries of Rushia. Formerly also STC 21462. 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Keying and markup guidelines are available at the Text Creation Partnership web site . eng Soviet Union -- History -- Epoch of confusion, 1605-1613 -- Early works to 1800. 2006-05 TCP Assigned for keying and markup 2006-06 Apex CoVantage Keyed and coded from ProQuest page images 2007-05 Ali Jakobson Sampled and proofread 2007-05 Ali Jakobson Text and markup reviewed and edited 2008-02 pfs Batch review (QC) and XML conversion NEWES OF the present Miseries of Rushia : Occasioned By the late Warre in that Countrey . Commenced Betweene Sigismond now King of Poland . Charles late King of Swethland . Demetrius , the last of that Name , Emperour of Rushia . Together with the Memorable occurrences of our owne Nationall Forces , English , and Scottes , vnder the Pay of the now King of Swethland . LONDON Printed for Iohn Bache , and are to be sold at his shop on the backe-side of the Royall Exchange . 1614. TO THE RIGHT Honorable sir Robert Carre , Knight , Viscont Rochester , Earle of Somerset , Knight of the most Noble Order of the Garter , and one of his Maiesties most honorable priuy Counsell . IF in the great affairs of the kingdome , wherein ( vnder our excellent Head ) your Lordship is worthily employed as a principall member , there be any leasure left from the businesse of your high place , It may then please your Lordship to cast a fauourable aspect vpon the humble Labours of such whom Fortune , and their meane deseruings keepes vnder in the obscure ranke of Pouerty . Amongst whom , I haue presumed to write this little Booke , as a Discoursiue Treatise vpon the Miseries of Russia , occasioned by the late forreine and intestine warre in that Country , which I haue aduentured to present vnto your Honours view ( if a pretious eie may looke vpon a woorthlesse obiect ) and it is not the meanest vertue , to respect the poorest fortune : for take away goodnesse from great men : to whom shall the poore flee for refuge ? I haue therefore made bolde to shrowd it vnder the Patronage of your Honour , which I wish may still transcend , vntill with your high woorth it hold correspondencie . And that those holy Nuptiallbands , whereby you are now honourably lincked into the Noble House of Norfolke , euen by the Soueraigne appointment of the most high God , beyond the subordinate power of Destiny , may till death proue indissoluble , more hard to be vntwined , then that Gordious knotte , wherein lay infoulded the fate of Asia , That you may liue long most happy , as you are now most worthy , both in your high Stile , State , Place , Fortune , and a Kings fauour . Your Honors in all humble duty , HENRY BRERETON . The Warre and Miseries of Rushia . CHAP. 1. Demetrius the last of that name , after the death of his father Basilius , succeeds him in the Empire , he distrusteth his owne people , and many of his Nobility , and striues to strengthen his estate by mariage with a yong Lady neere in bloud to Sigismond king of Poland . OF all the accidents that I haue read or heard of in the oppression of any State or Kingnome whatsoeuer , either for the present or precedent ages , there hath none in my opinion béene found so sudden , strange and variable , with occurrants so doubtfull , and euents so fatall , both to Prince and People , to the inuader and the inuaded , with such deuastation of Country , depopulation of Townes , combustion of Cities , such deflowrings , rauishemnts , murthers , and horrible treasons , fire , sword , and famine , the tragicke executioners of these miseries , plots and stratagems deuised in hell by diuels , and acted by men on earth : as hath happened of late yéeres , and is not yet concluded betwéene Sigismond nowe King of Poland , Charles King of Swethland , and Demetrius the last of that name , called the great Duke of Muscouia , or Emperour of Russia . And this vnhappie countrey , which before flourished in great wealth , state , pleasure and peaceable commerce with strangers , no warre at hand , nor none towards , but such as no man looked for , was on the sudden , before a mans mind could thinke in such a case of a kingdomes alteration , made the woefull Sceane and publicke stage whereon so many bloudy parts haue bene acted on all hands , as haue brought wretchednesse to the people liuing , and prepared misery for the child vnborne : which warre well considered . God neuer gaue vnto the world a more memorable example , either in what vnsurety stands the state of any Kingdome or Nation that is not propt and supported by the high hand of Heauen , or what miseries and calamities succéed in the progresse of such bloudy and dangerous intendments , to a people so secure . And finally , what end followes such treasonable and despiteous crueltie , as the lamentable sequell of this history shall declare . You shall therefore vnderstand that Demetrius , the last of that name , Emperour of Rushia , after the death of his father Basilius , called for his stearne and austere gouernement , as well by strangers , as his owne naturall subiects , the great Tyrant of Rushia succéeded him , both in the Empire and hatred of his subiects : For notwithstanding that Demetrius was a most excellent Prince , framd euen in the prodigality of Nature , endued with many commendable parts , and hereyicke vertues , in the flower of all his youth and beauty , which commonly the people do much estéeme full of rich hope and expectation . Yet such was the hatred they bare vnto his father , that not dying with his death , it liued still in his issue , and proued in short time the confusion of this Prince , who ( setting aside his haughty disposition ) which séemed to be inherent in him by Nature , he was otherwise a most absolute Prince , noble in mind , and of a kingly presence . He hauing thus by his fathers death obtained , but not established himselfe in the Empire , deuised the best meanes he could for the assurance of his estate , which by reason of his subiects minds ( being Alians to him ) and many also of the Nobility ( which for his fathers sake also bare him no affection ) stood very fickle : Amongst which , there was at that time one Kneseuansusce a noble man , and of great power , that in the Raigne of the great Tyrant , being great Maister of the Horse , did also at this time beare many great Offices in the Empire , which the present King Demetrius , more for feare then loue , suffered him to enioy . And that state in a Prince must néedes bee vnassured , where the subiects power shall bréed the Princes feare . This Vansusce in the former Emperours raigne , did flily by his bounty and popularity wind himselfe into the loue and opinion of the people : and because that some fewe turbulent broyles and dangerous innouasions were by his power and policy pacified , he was held in great estimation of the Prince , and great veneration of the Nobility , among which neuerthelesse there were some that looking vppon his state , with an enuious eye , did also with considerate eyes looke into his actions , that springing from ambition more then from countries care or honorable ends , they found his greatnesse to be dangerous , and those acts which caried the name and colour of the Emperours good , serued vnder hand to make way for his ambition , as hauing only a reference to himselfe and his owne designes , which Demetrius well perceiuing , did neuerthelesse dissemble , and coulourably made him faire countenance , as loth ( in this gréene world ) to stirre the fire that lay hid in this embers . This Vansusce was very noble in bloud , deriued from a long continued auncestry , honored in many ages with many alliances of the Empire , alwayes held in great loue and estimation of the people , he was in his owne person of a Princely presence , full of affability & Court complement : yet neuerthelesse ambitions , cruell , a great dissembler , not letting to kisse whom he meant to kill , sparing no mans death , whose life withstood his purpose . He was heard once say to a secret friend of his , that that man was to be held vnworthy the stocke of all Noblenesse , that yéelded his honour to vassalage , whose fortunes might attaine to Soueraignty , whereby discouering his owne affections , he made himselfe transparant , thinking that if his words were brought in question , his power was able to defend them . This Vansusces greatnesse gane principall matter for the Emperours distrust , knowing well that his ambition once ioyned with the peoples hate against him , whose natures are euer wout to follow Nobility , there might be raised a dangerous faction : for the preuention or méeting whereof , his friends councelled him to strengthen his vnassured estate , by mariage in the alliance of some forreine Prince : for the furtherance whereof , there was a young Lady at that time of Princely birth and admirable beauty , as yet vncontracted in the Court of Poland . Thither with great preparations were Embassadors with great expedition sent , the principall of whom was a young Nobleman , and kinsman to the Empereur , called Tragus , that bare chiefe place and honor , who being honorably entertained in Poland , found their dissignes happely succéede to their desires : for in short time this young Lady was withall solemnity affianced to this yong Prince , a great ioynture granted , a rich dowry constituted , and the Embassadour richly rewarded , withall spéed richly returned into Rushia . The Emperour embraceth the newes , and his kinsman for them kisseth the Ladies picture , confirmes the Articles , exhausteth his treasure , holds himselfe poore in the riches of his hope , makes great preparations for his iourney into Poland , still languishing in his desire to sée the substance of that beauty , whose shaddowe onely had so incenced his fancy , that that séemed to be true in him which was written by Plutarch , vpon the languishments of Marcus Anthonius , to Cleopatra Quéene of Egypt , that the soule of a Louer liues not in his owne , but in anothers bodie . CHAP. 2. The Emperour Demetrius descends in person into Poland , with an honorable traine , and is there with all solemnity espoused to the Polish Princesse , returneth into Rushia , bringing with him sixe thousand Poles for his guard . ALL things being in sumptuous manner prepared , the Emperour Demetrius setteth forward towards Poland , committing the gouernment of his Empire in his absence to certaine of his Noblemen , whom he especially trusted , constituting his Kinsman Tragus for his Vicegerent . The people stocke from all parts to sée him , but neither with outward acclamations , nor inward desires of ioy , which neuerthelesse he little respected , supposing that this new alliance with Poland had so strengthned his estate , as he should not need to feare any intestine innouasion , and from forreine inuasions he was secured : howbeit there were some that iudging of future centingents by the present times condition , foresaw that ▪ this mariage and disposings of it , might hereafter proue his confusion , as indeed it did : Howbeit we will not now mingle his present pleasures with vnseasonable feares of future troubles , but bring him in all honorable and delightfull manner out of his owne territories into the Kingdome of Poland , where in all places he found his entertainment to answer his estate , and to excéed his expectation . After many honorable stayes and méetings , with many Princes and Nobles of Poland , he came at last to Court , the King lying then at Craccow , the chiefe City in Craconia , and the principall Seate of the Kingdome , here he found all the honors that his heart could desire , and sawe the rarest beauties that his eyes could behold : but that which most pleased him , was the sight of her , whose beauty at first sight did so rauish him with astonishment , that his eyes and other parts with outward complements , were driuen to executs his tongues office , in discouering his inward thoughts : for he wanted words to expresse his Ioye . Here feasting the time , and his owne desires with banquets , imbracements , dances , and other amorous delights , at last , the long wisht for day appeared , wherein the solemnity and authority of the Church , should consumate their hopefull longings with those happy imbrasings , and that true touch of ioy that languishing Louers féele in the heigth of pleasure , which then is at the full , when with simpathy of affection that swéete is mutually tasted betwéene them with reciprocall desire , as it was betwixt these two Louers , in whom no compulsary consent did enforce mariage : neither was there any incompacible bloud betwéene them to ouer-sway or dull affection : for they were both of equall yéeres , and both of them the most perfect and absolute frames of nature , that liued at that time in that part of the world . But at last , all things being finished with the time for this Princely mariage , they begin to prepare for their departure , a new desire therein stirring them both , him to reuiew his natiue Kingdome , and her to behold that land whereof she was now stiled Empresse . The King and Quéene of Poland , a great part of the Nobility , and the richest beauties of the Court accompany them to the Frontiers of Rushia , the high-wayes , townes and villages being strewed with flowers , and swéet smelling herbes , as if the ground had seemed too base to carry these Princely personages , the people flocking from all parts to sée the blazing Comets of these two kingdomes , whose beauties attracted all mens eyes with wonder to behold them . At last , the day of parting came , wherein these two yong Louers hauing taken their leaues , with seuerall tokens of ioy and sorrow , held on their way by their appointed Iournals , first to Smalensco , the chiefe City in the Dukedome of Seueare , where the Emperours Kinsman Tragus in honorable manner met them , here staying awhile to rest and solace themselues , within few dayes they departed , holding on their conrse , from thence to the great City of Mosco , where by the directions of the Prince Tragus they were with all State and Magnificence entertained . Here they liued a while in all delights and pleasure . Who would haue thought that this Sunne thus shining but in his morning beauty , could so suddenly haue found an Eclipse in this Horizon , euen in the high-way of his ascending glory . But O the incertainty of terrene pleasures , this light that brought so great a luster to so great a Nation , was by the same people , whom it beheld with so faire an aspect , suddenly extinct by the malignancie of Fate and opposite Enuy , as you shall further heare . The Emperour Demetrius brought with him out of Poland six thousand Souldiers well appointed , to whom he gaue the guard of his person , distrusting the ūdelity of his owne subiects , which the rather did incense the Muscouite against him , and in short time proued the cause of his vtter ouerthrowe . CHAP. 3. The Emperours guard of Poles abuse his fauour , committing many outrages in the Citty , and in short time fall into great hatred with the Muscouite , Kneseuansusce Iaying hold of this occasion , ioynes with the Muscouite , and growes discontent . NOw while the Emperour with his Lady delighted in nothing but what might please his fancy , spending whole dayes and nights in Banqueting and Reuels , thinking all safe and secure , the Poles being a people proud in their owne nature , and that pride nowe doubled in them by the Princes fauour , commit without controlement many outrages in the Mosco , and other places adioyning , so that by degrées ( in short time they came to be extreamely hated of the Muscouite , which Vansusce perceiuing would oftentimes complaine so farre as he durst to diuerse of his friends the Muscouites , both of the Indulgence of the Prince , and insolency both of the Pole , alleaging probability of a Tyranny in the sonne , more vnsufferable then that of his fathers . Who foresées not saith Vansusce , that perceiues any thing , how this new Alliance with Poland is like to proue fatall to Rushia , who sées not that these rude beginnings , are certaine signes foregoing much greater mischiefes , if they be not in time preuented , we are scarse now secured of our wiues , children and goods , but that many times they passe the hazard of their barbarous cruelty , if six thousand Poles kéepes vs thus in awe , committing such outrages ( whereof there are daily complaints ) without controulement , what will their greater numbers doe , whereof there is a continuall expectance : the Prince sleepes and dallies in the delights of his new loue forgetting his old friends , his owne people are disestéemed , the Pole hath all estimation , no Rushian sues at Court but ( if he will thriue ) must haue a Pole to his Aduoacte , nothing that is by the Pole begged , but is by the Prince granted , without respect of common profit , the principall Offices begin already to be transposed both in Court and Citty , what shall we looke for but a declination still from bad to worse vntill we haue lost all , and the Pole hath got all . These words together with their outrages had so incensed the Muscouite that there wanted but occasion to raise an innouation which vnluckely was soone after proffered , for a Polish Gentleman casting by chance his eye vpon a Marchants daughter of Mosco , a virgine of excellent bewty , was so infangled in her loue , that hauing tried all waies for the obtayning his desire by intreaties , and gifts , and finding stil his suite to returne in vaine , was neuerthelesse so ardent in his outragious lust , that hauing trayned her by deuise into a place of conueniency , where in the pursuite of his desire all faire waies being denied him , he in a most barbarouse manner rauisht her . This deflowred damsell with great sorrow and heauinesse complained to her frinds of this vile abuse . When the causes of our griefes excéede all bounds , it workes in our minds diuersity of effectes , not immoderatly those that follow our ordinary afflictions , or the customary crosses of fortune , which draw our sighes , teares , and other common tokens of calamity ; but in the excesse of grief when the obiect there of presents a veiw beyond al patience or sufferance , it so distracts the minde and astonisheth the senses that reason giuing way to sorrow we fall into a boundlesse Ocean of the extreamest passtons , such was the inuolued heart with griefe in that spectacle of all misery Hecuba Quéene of Troy , who seeing herselfe betraid 〈◊〉 set on fire , her Lord Priame flaine , her children murdered , and that flowre of al beauty Polixena ( in the loue of whom that mirror of all knighted Achilles fight ) slaine in her owne armes , by vnrelenting Pirrhus , in the view of these miserable obiects she was so far from finding ease in the vtterance ofsorrow , that shée lost herselfe in the Maze and Labrinth of madnesse , the like was that of Niobe vpon the slaughter of her seuen sonnes by the Goddesse Latona , who in the fight thereof was so astonished with sorrow , that the Poet fained her turned into a stone , not much vnlike was the state of the friends of this deflowred damsell , who hauing séene their daughters teares , and knowen the cause of hir grieuance fell presently from the passion of sorrow to the passion of rage , and in a furious manner with resolued purposes but vnguided steps ran to Court , complaines of this abuse with frantike and vnséemly gesture , set forth the guilt of this abhominable fact in the presence of the Emperour , and after a violent manner , rather commanding then crauing iustice , what haue we committed ( saith the father to this wronged damsell ) that we your natural people hauing béene so long brought vp vnder your Lawes , Religion , and Gouernment , should be so farre distrusted of our loyalties , and so much distasted in our affections that you should repose your selfe in a strange guard , and expose vs to their cruelty . what outrages haue they committed since the comming of your Quéene into Mosco , sparing neither age , sex , nor quality , how many complaints haue béene made of their abuses , but no redresse ; and I the sad father to this deflowred virgin perceiue by your lookes that I speake in vaine , the way to oppression is plaine and open , the path to Iustice is vntrodden , the King is a stranger to his subiects and a King to strangers , the Muscouite held himselfe wretched vnder the gouernment of your father , but wee much more vnder your tyrannie , these last words did so incense the Prince , that with his foote he spurned the father of this damsell from him , and being by rage wholy transported from reason without any respect , either to the complainants cause , or the Muscouites discontent , committed him as a mutiner together with his wife and this wronged damsell to prison , who causing them there to be laden with Irons , did there by so ouerlade himselfe with the hatred of his people , that in short time it proued a burden too heauy for him to beare , ouer-pressing him so much that it depriued him of his Empire , & in the end of his life , as the sequell shall declare . CHAP. IIII. Vansusce with the aide of the Muscouite rebels , surpriseth the great Castle or Pallace of Mosco , kils all the Poles in one night , in this garboile the Emperour is bruted to be slaine , but with the aid of a trusty seruant escapes secretly with his 〈◊〉 disguised . THe newes being spread abroad the great Citty , of the vsage of his Marchant , his wrongs and vniust imprisonment , together with his wife and daughter , the Muscouite in more open manner bewray their discontents on to another , and all against the Pole , so farre forth that they begin to mutiny , flocking togther in great Companies with mindes of resolution to reuenge themselues for the wrongs receiued , which the Pole vnderstanding , kéepe within the great Pallace , not daring to stirre abrdad : The Prince looking ( but too late ) into the danger , imploie certaine Noble men of his Court , such whom he knew to be gracious with the people for the quieting of these tumults , by whose care and industry in short time they séemed to be pacified , not appeased , the Marchant , his wife , and daughter deliuered , not contented , a punishment vpon the offender imposed , not executed , a satisfaction promised , not performed , so that this fire was for a time smothered , not extinguished , which shortly after brake forth in such biolent manner , that the flame thereof had well néere consumed the whole Empire . The Prince being much perplexed in minde with these garboiles and continuall dangers of innouation , demands councel of his friends what were best to doe , rather for preuention of mischiefe then pacification of the people , the best counsell was giuen to appease ; to apply himselfe to a gentle and debonaire behauiour towards his subiects , that obedience was better from loue then feare , to send backe the Pole , into his Country , to betake the gard of his person to his owne people and to apply his gouernment to the nature of the Muscouite . But the worst , is followed which is to fore-stall to make his Guard stronger with the aide of the Poles to fortifie his Pallace and other places of command in the Mosco , to rule by force not loue , and vtterly to disgrace and distrust the Muscouite , to this end , and for these purposes were there messengers secretly sent into Poland for ten thousand souldiers more to be entertained vnder his pay for the saueguard of his person . When distrust once growes in a Princes minde and hatred once setled in the subiects hearts , they are hardly remoued , as was well found in this Prince and people , howbeit if at that time he had followed the best counsell to haue cassiered the Pole and entertayned the Muscouite for his Guard , vndoubtedly hée might long haue rained a happy Prince ouer a happy people , and preuented infinite mischiefes that followed euen to y e vtter destruction of himselfe and great desolation in the Empire : And thus in the beginning ends the last act of his comike Sceane , and now begins the first act of his tragedy , and as the first was short and full of pleasure so this last was long and more full of misery , for his old aduersary Kneseunnsusce vnderstanding of the close dispatch of the Emperours messengers into Poland for this new supply foreséeing that the Prince would then be to strong for him , except hee should openly raise his powers , and so put it to the hazard of a battell , the end whereof he wist was doubtfull , as well for the number of the Poles that were knowen to be much better souldiers then the Muscouite , as also for some few Noble men in Court both of land and power , whom he knew were fast vnto the Prince , and might soone raise there forces : held it his best for the pursuing of his dessignes to take the aduantage of y e occasion present , & by a sudden surprise with the helpe of his friendes to make a new slaughter in the Pallace and places adioyning not only of the Poles but also of the Prince himselfe his chiefe friendes and followers . To this end and bloudy purpose he sendeth secretly to his friends & such as he specially trusted in the Citty to be in a readinesse armed at an houre appointed , and as the Poet saith , Tenebris audacia crescit : the night was held fittest for this déed of darknesse , & the Pallace it self was made y e publike Theatre whereon was acted this horrible massacre , the night being come they flocke on all sides to the house of Vansusce , all waies being fore-laide to preuent intelligence of this bloudy proiect , his friends and followers being thus assembled together to y e number of ten , or twelue thousand , all armed for the purpose : Vansusce prepares for this bloudy assault , telling them with words of much incouragement that now y e long lookt for time was come , that should make the Muscouite famous to all posterity in the deliuery of themselues from the cruell tyrany of the Poles , the experiment of whose proud natures and bloudy dispositions they were to wel acquainted with in their owne particulars , and that now the houre was come , wherein they might reuenge at full the vilde abuses and intollerable wrongs of this vnsufferable stranger , and frée the Citty and the land of so dangerous a Viper , these words of Vansusce , together with y e credit and opinion that was held of him that spake them , did so stirre vp the spirit of the Muscouite to the enterprise of this attempt , that most of them with an uniuersall consent of reuenge , the rest carried with hate and desire of spoile ran in disordered troupes from the house of Vansusce to the Pallace of the Emperour which was two miles a sunder , now was there one Glasco a Secretary , and in speciall trust with y e Emperor , howbeit a most vile traitor , for being priuy to all Vansusces proiects he was y e only meanes for their entry into the Palace , this Glasco shall carry the stampe of infamy , and for euer leaue it to his name and memory , who had he béene faithfull to his Lord and Master might haue discouered this horrible treason , preuented the infinite mischiefes that followed , preserued the life of his Prince , and purchast to himselfe immortal glory . The entry was made with little resistance into the base Courts , where hauing once set foot , they cry out , liberty , liberty , liberty ; kill , kill , kill ; the Poles some naked , some weakly armed , according to the shortnesse of the time , passe with smal defence the cruelty of the enemies swords , & it fel out as Vansusce had expected , for others that knew not the matter hearing the Larum-bell rung in the Pallace , came from all parts , and vnderstanding that Vansusce was there in person , without inquiring further fell presently to execution , killing all they found , as well Muscouite as Pole , that bare office in the Court ; now was there nothing heard in the Pallace but a horrible and confused noise of armour , Horses , and harqubuses ; a pittifull crie of all sorts of people , of all ages and conditions going vnto death , and the pitilesse shoutes of murtherers , the Pallace died ouer with bloud , to the which ( though hauing made choice of darknes ) they neuerthelesse set fire to giue them light for the execution of this massacre , two houres murder and rapine make this one night famous in the infamy of the executioners , to whom also afterwards it proued so fatall , as all of them were enforced to confesse that mans bloud split violently , when as the manner therof , cannot lawfully challenge , the quallification of iustice is odious in his sight ; who hauing created man according to his owne image , sels his bloud déerly to the authors of such effusion , neuerthelesse this was but the exordium , or entrance , or first , or least part of this Tragicke Sceane , for when their way was made into theinward Courts by fire and sword , they spared none of any degrée or calling , euery obiect they saw in the Court was a subiect to their fury . The Emperour and his Lady being in the heart of the Pallace imbracing one another , in great dolour and heauinesse determine yet nobly to die together , whilest a trusty seruant of the Emperors found away and meanes for their escape , the Prince in the habit of a slaue , the Lady in mans apparrel , thus in great sorrow and feare these two younge louers in this disguise tooke hand in hand , and with their faithfull guide by his direction past through by-waies out of the Pallace , then burning about their eares : he deserueing for his care and duty to his Prince , no lesse fame and memory then that patterne of all piety , Aeneas did carrying vpon his shoulders his old father , Anchises , euen through the flames of Troy. CHAP. V. Demetrius with his Empresse flies to the Dukedome of Collooge , and findes entertainment , Vansusce bruits him dead , and causeth one like him to be carried thorow the Citty murdered , the Muscouite beleeues it . THus these two yoong Princes sprung from the lines of Kings , in the chiefe pride of their flowring youth , and beauty , in the height of all their state and dignity , in the middest of al their pleasures and delights , from the happy society of their friendes and great Allies , are now by the vilde treachery of Vansusce , their sworne subiect , and forsworne vassaile , brought from their Imperiall greatnesse to so wretched and miserable a state , as not the meanest in the Empire would now willingly change fortunes and conditions with them . But to returne to their tragicke story : They hauing by the aide of their trusty guid past the feares and dangers of the Pallace , tooke the Riuer of Volga , in a little boate , the Prince himselfe helping his trusty seruant to row downe the streame , O what a piteous sight it was to behold a Prince that but the day before held a Septer of so rich royall and spacious a kingdome serued in all state and maiesty , attended on with Nobles , and infinite numbers of men , to be now tugging at a simple Oare , and labouring for his life to preserue her , whom aboue his life , and all the world hée preferred , and of all that he inioyed but thrée houres before , to haue only this remnant left that he might call his owne , his desolate Quéene , his faithfull seruant , and two silly Oares , and a little Boate. But holding on our course , we must publish to the world those dolorous occurrents , and heauy calamities that followed , to fill vp this sad Sceane of sorrow with matter more tragicall then that of Seneca , in the wretchednesse of Locasta , or that of Homer in the miseries of Hecuba : thus this poore rich remaine of Rushia , these two pretious iewels pluckt rudly from their golden frame , these two great personages , in this little Boate , easing themselues in this heauy burden of care by the naturall participation of sorrow , and comforting themselues in the sight each of other , hold on their course towards the Dukedome of Colloga , some fourescore verse , as the Rushe cals it , from the great Citty of Mosco , which is about thréescore miles English , a place for the naturall scituation so defensible , by reason of Riuers , Rockes , and Castles , that with an Army it is well neare vnaccessible , Demettius hauing héere safely set his foote , the whole Dukedome did generally entertaine him , some also of the Nobility , and many of his old seeuants that had past the dangers of the Pallace , and the tiranny of Vansusce fled vnto him , in whose sight hée comforted himselfe with this , that he was not vtterly forsaken , thanking almighty God vpon his knées , that his state thorough this treason was not reduced to so low an ebbe but that hée might yet liue , to out liue this misery , and sith hée was in this short time raised from the attendance of one seruant and a little Boate , to the possession of many seruants and a whole Dukedome , he might also afterward , by the reuolution of time , and fortune , recouer and repossesse his whole Empire , checking his present feares with the hope of future contingents , striuing thus to make a body of a limbe , and to beguile the actuall condition of his fortunes with imaginary conceits of better : But we will now leaue this crosse starre Prince in the sorry comfort of his wan hopes , building new Castles in the aire , while his fatall enemy Vansusce possesseth his old Castles in the Empire , and letting him rest a while after the vnrest of that dismall night , we will now returne where we left Vansusce burning , or spoyling that great Castle and Palace of Mosco , the royall Seate of many Emperours in many precedent ages , which had bene a building many yeares , and was thus miserably in one night destroyed , or so much defaced , that to this day it is not re-edin̄ed : now must we bring vpon the stage Vsurpation attainders , forfeitures and confiscation of Lands and Goods , plots , and stratagems to supplant , polices , and deuices to establish a Crowne vniustly gotten , vpon an Vsurpers head , that is neuer at rest , or seldome sléepes in quiet . Vansusce notwithstanding that euery thing succéeded according to his desire : but that which was the maine of his proiect , the flaughter of the Prince Demetrius , whose escape none but his trusty friends knew of , procéeds in his purposes to make himselfe Emperour , albeit he knew that he had no title thereunto , nor colour like to any . The mind of man is infinite in opinion and wéening , which being once set vpon ambition , nothing can stay or limit her aduentures , as appeared in Vansusce , in whose way lay two great stumbling blockes , the first was the escape of the Prince , the other was the life and greatnesse of his Kinsman Tragus , who was also great in the peoples opinion him must Vansusce néedes remoue , or he finds a greater enemy exposd then Demetrius that was expeld , this must be done secretly , and vpon the sudden , and there was no time slackt , for thrée howers before the appearing of the day that followed this fatall night , a brother of Vansusces , whose name was also Demetrius , was sent to surprise him with fiue hundred horse , he lying then at a house of pleasure in the country , some fiftéene miles from the City , and to bring him prisoner to the Mosco , where by forme of tryall he was to passe such censure as was preiudicated for him , in those false crimes and imputations already set downe to be suggested and inforced against him : for he durst not by reason of the peoples fauour procéed against his life , but by processe of Law , and because he knew also that it would be a hard matter to surprise him in his house , he causeth a letter of Credence to be counterfeit in the Emperours name , the tenor whereof was onely this , That there was some matter of import that craued his present aide at Court , and that he should set all other businesse aside , and make what spéed he could thither , the trust of this letter was committed to that vilde traytor Glasco , as being found the fittest for this negotiation : howbeit there will come a time wherein he that is now an Agent , shall proue also a Patient in this bloudy tragedie , when that treasonable bloud that now floweth in his veines , shall be let out euen by the hand of him whom he now obeyes , but we will leaue him now , and Vansusces brother Demetrius , to their poasting iourney , and returne to the Castle at Mosco , where Vansusce hauing beheld many dead Carkases , found one that in yeares , fauour , and other lineaments of his body , was very like the Emperor , Vansusce layes hold vpon this occasion , and hauing princely apparrelled this dead counterfeit , caused it to be publisht , that the Emperour Demetrius was slaine : for manifestation where , he causeth this counterfeit to be laid vpon a Béere ; and with great State to be caried bare-faced thorow the great Citty , to their State-house , or common hall , he accompanying the body in person , the people flocking from all parts to sée him , beléeuing stedfastly that it was he , but no man bestowing a sigh or funerall teare vpon him , such is the nature of the vulgar . CHAP. 6. The counterfet body is buried for the Emperor Demetrius , with the state and solemnity of a Prince , Tragus is suddenly surprised and brought prisoner to the Mosco . VAnsusce being come into the publike Hall , coulorably attired in blacke , being in himselfe of a Princely personage and presence , maiestically ascended vp into a high Throne that was suddenly erected for him , the supposed body of the Prince being laied before the people , where after silence proclaimed , he spake after this maner vnto them , with a sad setled countenance and an audible voice . I cannot tell with what passions or affections of griefe and sorrow , my deare Country-men , this dead Prince whom we lately called our soueraigne Lord and Emperour , lies buried in your hearts , but vnto me it is the saddest sight , and the most wofull obiect that euer my vnhahpy eyes beheld , of whose bloud , as the immortall God can witnesse of my cléere heart and innosence , so I protest by the maiesty of him before whom I stand , that with your allowance and consent , I would punish with torture , to all example , this worse then Parricide , were it in the person of mine owne brother , though done in ignorance , as in such vnhappy garboiles many such chances happen : If probable witnesse could be produced against him , for it is not fit the earth should beare the murderer of his Prince , but because that matters vncertaine cannot be certainly disposed , we must leaue him to his iudgement that knowes as well the intensions as actions of man , it onely resteth that we performe our last duties to the dead , his funerall Rites and Obsequies , which I desire may be with all solemnity accomplished , in whose sudden and vntimely death , because we haue lost a hope of a continued line for succession in the Empire , and that by the flaughter of the Poles we haue drawn a great and dangerous enemy , it behooues you to make choise of such a one to gouerne , whose wisdome and valour may be able to maintaine the State and Maiesty of the Empire , and also méete with those opposite occurrents that doth maligne it , but first of all , and chiefest of all , it behooues you to cut of all occasions of ciuill and intestine war , for preuention whereof we haue this morning sent for the Princes kinsman Tragus , as well to answer to such supputations of crime as shall be obiected against him , as also in this dangerous time to be disposed of by your wisdomes , nought else at this time our dolorous tongue can discourse of but the Princes funerals , which we wil hasten to solemnise : and with that word he wipt his eyes , the people were so farre from any tokens of sorrow , that they fell presently to acclamations of ioy , clapping their hands and throwing vp their hats , crying Vansusce , Vansusce , God saue Vansusce . It is a thing worth the obseruation to note and marke what diuersity of shapes hypocrisie puts on , Haec simulata sanctitas haec dissimulata iniquitas , how many miles distant are the words and thoughts of a dissembler , how many vnknowne Regions betwixt his tongue and heart , but admit they lie close for a while they will be discouered when his iustice shall be turned outward , and though his treasons haue for a time vndeserued and vnsuspected passage , as carring an outward glosse faire and remarkable , yet the day will come when hée shall render an account of his vniust Stewardship , and surrender vp and restore backe all those false titles and honours which murder , periury , and horrible treason helpes him to put on , when by being truly pulled downe from the height of his false greatnesse he shall be aduanced as a marke of terrour to all traitours and treasons , in the meane time , and at all times his name and memory shall be held odious and infamous to God and all good men , to whom humane society and vertue is had in veneration . Not long after the liuing Princes obsequies were with all state and honour solemnized in the person of another , who though he were of base birth , and obscure parentage , and perhaps did neuer any act memorable in his life , was neuerthelesse in his death honoured with a Princes funerall , and buried in a Sepulchre of Emperours . But we must now returne where we left with Vansusces brother , Demetrius and the traitonr Glasco , who many daies before this counterfet obsequies had betraied and surprised the young Prince Trahus , which in this manner was effected : early in the morning a little before the breaking of the day , they came within sight of the Castle , where hauing found within a mile thereof a fit place by reason of certaine copses of wood , and other shrubbish , to plant an Ambuscado , Demetrius tooke the aduantage thereof , lying there close with his men to intrap the Prince vpon the way whilest this Achitophel , this Iudas , that had before betraied his Lord , in a most abhominable manner goes now also to betray his kisman , to whom before hée had béene much obliged , but no benefite receiued , or pleasure done can stay a treacherous heart bent to mischiefe , for that it is altogether transferred vnto the end it aimes at , and neither respects the way it takes , nor the course it holds , though neuer so foule or indirect , he comes like slie Vlisses , that stole Paladium out of Troy , with a faire face , but a foule minde , a smooth countenance , but a rotten heart ; knockes at the Castle gate , and is let in , he vnderstands that the Prince is a sléepe , who God knowes little drempt of the fatall night his kinsman the Emperour endured , nor of this vnhappy day wherein hée himselfe is to be betraied . Now because that Glasco had told the seruants of the house that his busines was of suah import , that he had itin charge giuen not to forbeare his rest , they waked the Prince before his houre , who vnderstanding of Glascoes comming was very glad , and sent for him into his bed-chamber , so cléere and true a minde hath innocence vpon the Anuile when treason and mischiefe is in the Forge . But this vilde traitour Glasco being entered the Chamber , he in very humble maner salutes the Prince , and deliuers many suggested complements , together with these counterfeit letters from the Emperour , the Prince with a chéerefull and vnsuspected countenance , giues him his hand , bids him welcome , demands of the Prince his health , and the newes at Court , all is deliuered in faire manner and coloured ouer with dissembled words , the Prince beléeues all , and distrusteth nothing , receiues and reads the letter without suspition , making himselfe ready for his iourny to Mosco : Thus whilest the tongue and the heart of truth are in one line paralel , the heart and tongue of treason are as farre sundered as the Poales ; such distance there is from their artike words to the antartike purposes : the Prince is soone ready , kisseth his faire Lady , making more hast then good spéed to goe on with this traitour to the Mosco ; from whence he is neuer to returne , nor euer to behold his wife againe ; shée wéepes at parting , as bedewing his hidden fate with her open teares , whether of present loue , or fore signifying sorrow , they mount on horse-backe , and with halfe a doozin of the Princes followers they post towards the Mosco , till they came within the compasse of the Ambuscado , that all this while laie as still as midnight , the larum being giuen on the sudden , they surprise him and detaine him prisoner , there could be no resistacne , the Prince seeing himselfe thus vildly betraied , and by him also whom he especially trusted , bouldly desired to know the cause , and whether it was the Emperours pleasure that he should be thus held in captiuity , they answered him churlishly , that he should know the rest at his comming to Mosco , and when he began in goodly tearmes , as he was an excellent wel spoken man , to bewray his innocense , they staied not the end of his speech , but rudely put him forward , at which the Prince sighed , but it booted not : All this was done within view of the Princes house , and in the Ladies sight : Now iudge all you houourable dames , that loue your Lords and husbands with intire affections , with what heart the sad eyes of this desolate Lady could behould this miserable obiect , to sée her husband thus betraied within her view ; such was the sorrow of that euer memorable Roman Lady Cornelia , wife to Pompey the great , when from a farre off shée saw her Lord and husband in a little Boate betrayed and slaine , by the treacherous Councellers and bloudy ministers of that periured Prince Ptolomie King of Aegypt , when after his ouerthrow in Thessalie hée put himselfe vpon his protection . And this poore Ladies sorrowes were the greater because shée neither knew the cause , their purposes , nor the meanes to helpe him , but wee must leaue her in her passions and follow him in his captiuity , whom they soone brought in a poasting iourney to Mosco , and lodged him in a strong prison . CHAP. 7. Tragus is arraighned , condemned , and iudged vniustly in the Mosco , who out of the greatnesse of his minde , to mocke Vansusces tyranny kils himselfe . NOw were their daily counsels and consultations held in the Citty , concerning the progresse of this businesse with this Noble-man , by Vansusce and those of his secrets : who ●oo●e grew to be powerfull by : reason of his strong Guards and plurality of friends , that from all parts flocked vnto him . The day was soone appointed for this young Lords tryall , not from his knowen innocence to cléere him , but from their preiudicated doombes to confound him ; the publike place of iudgement was appointed , the Theatre vpon which must be acted this Gentlemans tragedy , thither at the day set downe comes Vansusce in a Princes Roabe , together with his friends , allies , and a strong guard of souldiers , the principal Officers in the Citty accompanying him , and hauing all taken their places , this Princly prisoner is brought in before them who with a chéerefull and vnaffrighted countenance beholds them all . The allegations of treason obiected against him were , that by his procurement the last warre with the Tartars was commenced that cost more treasure and bloud then the victory was worth , that by his sollicitation that vnhappy marriage with the Polish Princes was mediated and concluded , that the Polish Guard was by his meanes brought in , by which , so many outrages were committed that they were driuen to take the course they did for their slaughter , in which the Emperor himselfe past an vnhappy destiny , the guilt of whose death was laid vpon him as being the originall , though not the efficient cause thereof , that the bringing in of tenthousand Poles more was by his counsell vrged , that the Princes treasure was by his prodigal profuse of mony much wasted , that he had allowed the title of the Dukedome of Seuere , to the Crowne and Kingdome of Poland , with other matters not so much as thought vpon , to all which , the Prince answered so fully and so nobly as euery vnpartiall eare found his innocence ; howbeit truth neuer told her tale but enuy was either ready to wrong herby suggestion , or falshood by subornation , for vniust witnesses were produced against him , by whose testimony this innocent Prince was condemned . Vansusce then rising from his Throne , began with a studied and premeditated spéech after this maner , I cannot tell my louing Country-men in what tearmes , or with what words I shall procéed in iudgement against this Noble-man , late kinsman and néere Alley vnto our deare Soueraigne Lord the Emperour , for when I thinke of the times past and compare them with the present , the thought and consideration thereofso strikes me with astonishment , my minde being diuersly distracted betwixt my Countries care and this Noble-mans respect , that I stand deuided in my iudgment , the one pleading rigor , the other pitty , what I shall definatiuly set downe in censure for him or against him ; first giue him his due , who doth not sorrow that so noble a Gentleman , so fully stuft with such excellent parts of mind , of so admirable composure , and constitution of body in the prime of his youth , and beauty in the pride of his state and pleasures , in the solace and comfort of his wife and children , his ouer-héedlesse actions , and ouer-wéening conceit , his owne greatnesse , in abusing the Princes fauour , should now make him vnworthy of his life , by reason of the states present condition : whereas otherwise his life should haue bene most desired . For mine owne part , I would I had not liued at all , or at least , not till this time , wherein sauing my countries care , and the entire respect and affection I beare to all your liues and safeties , I am otherwise euen against the consent of my soule , and my best genious , enforst to pronounce peremptory sentence of iudgement against such a man , to whom but of late I gaue place to in honour . For thus say my priuate thoughts to my common cares , where Nobility , greatnesse , a Princes fauour , or what excellent parts or qualities soeuer , either of body or mind , be in the same subiect that owes them transferred vnto it selfe without respect of common good , to the which he owes a duty , he growes not onely an vnprofitable , but also a dangerous member to that Common-wealth , and where from such a mind there be acts committed , though but criminall , and feares depending of greater consequence in this case , it is more then a politicke or nationall Lawe , it is Religious Iustice , and the seruice of our God , to take away the life of such greatnesse , and make it the peoples sacrifice : and therefore with your consents , since things cannot otherwise stand , or be established , I giue him ouer to the rigour of the Law , and the ministers thereof . All this while this captiue Prince although he saw how closely and indirectly euery thing was carried , and had heard during the time of his imprisonment , the supposed death of the Emperour , the murther of the Poles , and many of great place and office in the Palace , actions so bloudy and so fatall that albeit be knew the world to be full of mischiefe , and the pathes thereof troden with vnsanctifyed féet , yet he thought there wanted that venemous matter in the minde of man to beget , bréed , and bring forth such hideous and horred murders , he doth yet neuerthelesse , neither in the conceit of these inhumane massacers past , nor in the iudurance of his owne vnauoidable miseries present shew tokens of any feare or affrightment , but with the same countenance he held before in his prosperous estate , he now beheld the tiranous authors , and bloody actors of his tragedy , so nobly had the inward vertues of his minde framed and composed the outward actions and gestures of his body : And thus with words as bould , and as vndanted as his lookes , he spake in this manner vnto them . I haue strained withall my best within me , to heare and beare patiently all your vnkind handlings , vniust presumtions , furious Inforcements ; your malicious and manifold appliments , foule wrestings , and impossible constructions , and all to make me séeme to be a member dangerous to the state , to take away my life as a common enemy , which onely must be remoued to make smooth the way to your present ends and intendments , for this cause was the true noble bloud of my royall Lord and kinsman shed , to make you grow vp in this false greatnesse , I speake to the Vansusce , whose inward saule knowes my innocence in all my accusations , and that al this shew of Law is but a form , a méere ingine , or deuice to set a glosse vpon your horred murders past ; and to take away my life by a pretext of iustice , which you persue in mallice , haue I showne my selfe dangerous to my Country , when in the last wars with the Tartars I so little regarded mine owne life , that I spent most of her bloud in that action , and returned victorious against the eie and opinion of all that saw and knew the danger of that day ; did I wrong my Country when with your consents and allowances I made that honourable contract with the Polish Princes ; was that the Treasure I exhausted in that expedition : when mine owne priuate Coffers are yet empty with that charge . For the Polish guard , it was rather my enforced consent , then my voluntary counsell , or approuement , for the title of the Dukedome , with the rest of the Articles , which I scorne to repeate , the great God of my hope knowes me to be as frée either in action , or intention , as he knowes the Vansusce to be guilty of these horrid treasons ; I doe not plead mine innocence to saue my life , for that is foredoomed by an vnchanged decrée , but only to ease my heart of an ouerburdening wait of griefe which your base wrongs , and false wouen iniuries haue contracted there , ( and it , is one comfort yet that I am suffered to speake , I doe not raile either against thy tyranny , or the maleuolence of my starres , there is no man greater then his destiny , neither haue I set the gard of vertue so weakly within me , against the spight of Fortune , or your malice , but that my spirit and resolution can suffer , either in thy inhumaine cruelty Vansusce , or thy vnnatural treachery vild Glasco , or all your hates you vnkind Muscouites , or what else is precious vnto mée , as the losse of wife and children , depriuation of lands and honours , or torment , or death , or whatsoeuer can happen in humanity : All these or what else is in the power of enuy , hate , malice , or tiranouse oppression is beneath me . Life is not my Paramour , I stand not inamourad of her pleasures , the world hath to me adulterated his faire protestations of loue and respect , with the foule prostetucions of the times mischiefe , I haue séene an end of my fortunes , and haue set an end to all my desires , all the ambition that is left in mée is the hopefull enioyment of a far more glorious kingdome , thether doth my soule aspire , and thither shall my spirit mount before your time prefixt , if there be any therefore in this assembly that either is at this time , or shall happen héereafter to rome into the like danger , and would know how to mocke Vansusces tyranny , let him learne it thus by my example : And with that word hauing closly drawne a short dagger hid of purpose for this houre , he stabbed himselfe to the heart , an a● though in it selfe séeming desperate and full of horror , yet in circumstance and considerate respects truly noble and ful of honour that would not suffer his opposite and mortall enemeies to triumph ouer his vertues and the freedome of his spirit in his end . The sudden and voluntary death of this Noble man put them all into amasement , and some there were present and those not of the meaner sort , did for the time so inwardly sorrow for the hard disaster of the Prince his innocence and iniuries that they made outward manifestation thereof by there teares , which Vansusce perceiuing , and in their generall silence a generall sadnesse , that from thence his Plots and Proiects , might be more narrowly looked into with considerate eies , began to looke about and to gather his wits together to draw this inward créeping suspition from the heart of the Muscocite , vpon whose loue and opinion did principally depend the hope and meanes of his procéedings , hée therefore spake againe vnto them so fully for the times condition , so colourable against the guilty life , and rash death of the Prince , and so carefully for the security of the state , together with all their safties , that hée soone turned the gentle currant of their passionate sorrowes into the vast Ocean of their wonted rage , crying out against the house of Demetrius his name and family , and in this new humour , like the flattering Iewes to Herod after his Oration to the people , they falsly guild his words with an Angels eloquence , crying out after their wonted manner , Vansusce , God saue Vansusce , such a turning Phane is the peoples breath , with these much looked for acclamations the Court was presently dissolued , the dead body of the Prince carried backe to Prison , from whence the next day , it was brought forth againe and poorely buried , making the world to stand at amasement , that the earth which neuer failes of meanes in aboundance for a Princes life should now faile in necessaries for his interre-ment . CHAP. 8. The wife of Tragus dies for sorrow his two children are detayned prisoners , Vansusce is crowned Emperour of Rushia , Demetrius , with the Empresse flees into Poland from whence with a great Army he returnes backe into Rushia : the warre begins . AFter this tall Ceader of the Rushian state was , from the mountaine of his greatnesse , thus pulled downe : many lower trées and shrubbes past the like fortune , for whosoeuer stoode in Vansusces way must be remooued , till it was made smooth from any oblique let for his transcending glory , euen to the maiestike state of the Rushian Empire , treacherous Glasco being the principall agent , and speciall instrument for his designes , and Intendments . But before we set the Crowne on this vsurpers head , whilest the preparations be now in framing for his Coronation , wée will looke a little backe into the wretched state , and miserable condition of this vntimely Widdowed Lady , wife to the late noble Prince Tragus , and his two sonnes , both so young that they were not capable of their calamity : To write of this Ladies teares , and hir profound sorrowes , were but like a Painter to counterfeit by art the teares of Lucresse for her enfrost wrong done to Collatyne , or the true bred woes of Porcia for her déere Lord Brutus , to shew outwardly the presentation of such tragike spectacles , and so to féede the phantasie with imaginary griefe , in which neuertstelesse their is neither life , nor sense of reall sorrow . To leaue therfore these teares with her that was the true owner of them , who presently also leauing the world and the pleasures thereof enclosed hirselfe in a religious house , where with long fasting , and déepe melancholy , spending her daies alone in the exercise of sorrow , in short time she ended her life , leauing behind her a notable example of loue and constancy : his two sonnes are yet liuing , but detained as prisoners by Vansusce , howbeit happily reserued to better fortunes . Now is Vansusce arriued at that Hauen he a long time did bend his course vnto , euen through a Sea of bloud , where neuerthelesse he shall not finde that safty that he expects , for dangerous is the State that is obtained by bloud and treason , as the sequell shall declare , the Emperiall Crowne of Rushia being now set vpon his head , there fell mischiefes thicke , and as the thing euill gotten is seldome , or neuer well kept , thorow all the time of his vsurped raigne there neuer ceased bloudy war and slaughter , no not in his owne destruction and captiuity for he had scarse time to finish the state and solemnity of his Coronation , before he heard newes of the great preparations in Poland , both to reueng the treasonable wrongs done to the Emperour , and also the murder of the Poles , or rather which is most like , Sigismond the King of Poland making these but colourable pretenses for higher dessignes of another nature , both to recouer the Dukedome of Seueare , to the which hée challenged a title , and further , as the successe should follow to inuade the whole Empire of Rushia , and to kéepe it for himselfe , to make another entry that way into the Kingdome of Swethland , such a passage had this ciuill discention made , euen for the ouerthrow of the whole state , but wée must now returne to the lawfull Emperour Demetrius , who being by the happy fortune of his birth a Prince , was now by the malignant power of his fate a fugitiue , for hauing about some few of his friends that followed him in all fortunes , hée gaue them in charge to looke carefully to the kéeping of that Dukedome , it being still a receptacle for them in the worst of danger while he with his vnhappy Lady in great danger and strange disguise together with his trusty seruant past from Colloge , and after a long and weary iourny at last tooke the Riuer of Ipre , and with safty recouered the Territories of the Polish Kingdome . Sigismond hauing notice of their comming , sendeth his safe conduct , together with directions for their entertainment , but not in the state and sumptuous manner as before , for in a change of fortune we finde a change of friendship and account , being neuerthelesse come to Court , they were honorably welcomed , and comforted after their many endured miseries , where they rested themselues awhile till the preparations for Rushia were made ready , it being an Army of fourty thousand souldiers . With this new raised power , Demetrius raiseth new hopes , both to recouer and to reuenge , which fell not out according to his desire , man purposeth but God disposeth . Now Vansusce hearing of this great preparation in Poland , fortifies the Citty of Mosco , and other places of import , gathering souldiers from all parts to strengthen his faction , bearing the Muscouite in hand that it was the police of the Polish King to haue entertained some stragling runnagate to take vpon him the name and state of Demetrius , only to countenance this inuasion ; staying by this suggestion the vncertaine minde of the Muscouite , that otherwise he knew would be diuersly carried . But Demetrius being now in all things furnished for the trantposing of this great Army into Rushia , takes his leaue of the King and Quéene and other of his friends in Poland , but aboue all , of his deare beloued Empresse , whom his vnhappy eies shall neuer behold againe ; to shew her sorrow in his departure , were to stay vs in the pursuite of this great war that must be prosecuted with all spéed and cruelty , Demetrius thereforewith many long marches , at last had past the frontires of the Polish Kingdom , he no sooner had set footing vpon the Territories of his owne Empire but the miseries of the war began , and that Country that before flourished with along countinued peace , and was growne excéeding rich both in their owne abundance , and a prosperous commerce with others , began now to be spoiled and harried of hir plenty ; fire and sword being the executiones : the Pole spoiled and killed in all places in reuenge of the Massacre done in the Mosco , sparing neither sort , nor sex , in any state or age , whom they met withall , neuerthelesse the most of them had before fled into Citties , Castles , Woods and other defensible places . Thus mischiefe hauing set footing in Rushia , it did in a short time take such rooting , that in a long time after shée was not supplanted , Demetrius either giuing consent therto , or else wanting power in himselfe to curbe her , howbeit he made as much spéede as he could to Mosco , either to make the spoile of his Country lesse by his hasty marches , or otherwise burning in desire to be reuenged on that place where he had receiued such wrong and outrage . Being at last come to Mosco , he beleagers the Citty , but findes an vnexpected resistance , it being so strengthened with men and munition that it was wel-néere vnpregnable , all plaof strength and import about the Citty were in short time subdewed and giuen to the Pole , who executes all manner of cruelty : Demetrius laies wait in all places to cut off all succour that should be brought into the Citty , so that the Muscouite in short time endured great want and misery , to wright all the particulars of this siege , that continued for the space of two yéers , would aske a whole volume by it selfe ; I will onely touch the most speciall occurrants , according to my best intelligence that happened in that time . Vansusce vnderstanding the miseries that the Country people indured by the cruelty of the Poles , and fearing all great miseries in the Citty , if the fiege endured , sent spéedily and secretly his Cursitours to Charles King of Sweathland , whom hée knew to be mortall enemy to Sigismond King of Poland , demanding vpon certaine condicions his aid to remoue the Leagure . King Charles hauing at that time an Army of French , English , and Scottish , in pay for any occasion offered from Sigismond , but vnderstanding at that time all his preparations were disposed of in Rushia , and knowing also that it the Pole set footing their hée should find him more dangerous there then in his owne Country , yéelds easily to Vansusces demand , imploying the forces of those strangers which he had strengthened with many companies of Swethens , to the full number of twelue thousand vnder the conduct and generall command of one Pontus de la Guard , a French Captaine , a man of more fame then worth among them . CHAP. 9. Sr. Robert Sherly comes as Embassadour from the Persian to Demetrius in the Leager , the Muscouite mutiny , but are appeased , Glasco is suspected , conuicted , arraigned , and executed in the Mosco . KNesevansusee albeit he bare no great affection to King Charles , and was loth also that so many strangers should bée brought into Rushia , to harry and spoyle the Country , yet knowing the difference that was betwixt him and Sigismond King of Poland , he held it his best to make vse therof , to serue his owne turne in their dissention , and by any meanes rather to remooue the pole , then vpon the best conditions to yéelde vnto their habitation there , making choice rather of a sufferable than an intollerable stranger . Now while these forces were thus a raising in Swethland for these designes in Russia , Demetrius with his Army lying still before the City of Mosco , that braue Spirit of England , Sir Robert Sherley , came as Embassador to Demetrius from the Sophie of Persia , demanding his aide in the generall hostility to be made by christian princes against the common enemy the Turke , where hee found that entertainement that those tumultuous times in warrelike leager could afford , but for the matter of his Embassie , the present troubles cut off the meanes of any present aid , so that after his stay there some few daies , hauing receiued many honourable giftes and presents hée departed , onely furnished with hopes and faire promises , howbeit his comming thither put the Muscouite into more then a presumption , that it was the true Demetrius that beleagerd their Citty , and that the report of his death was but a fained matter , insomuch that in most places , especially in the Mosco , they beganne to murmure , whispering one to an other , that God had forsaken the guidance of them and their Citty , and had giuen them ouer into the hands of strangers and others for their disloyalty , they saide betwéene themselues , that it could not be that the King of Poland , other Princes , and many noble men of Russia in the leager could be so long deceiued with a counterfet Emperour , but either his countenance , behauiour , spéech or som ones report or other would betray him . They compared the times present with the times past , and found that the Errours and Indiscretions of a yong Prince , being their naturall Lord , were more easie to endure than the milder gouernement of an Vsurper , for that the abuse and instabilitie of his estate had drawne infinite daungers and miseries by a contrary faction , which they now endured in no meane degrée , and were like héereafter to suffer in the greatest extreames these murmurings and priuie whisperings being brought to Vansusces eare , he beganne to looke about , and to preuent all occasions that might be offered for the raising of a faction within the Citty , hée therefore sought to pacifie the Muscouites in the best manner he could , and withall sent colourably ( vnder safe conduct ) certaine Gentlemen his friends to the Emperour in the Leager , that if he were the right Demetrius his true and lawfull Prince , he should shew it in a naturall loue and care vnto his Countrey , and not suffer him to be thus defiled with the bloud of his people , by the Poles crueltie , and for his owne part , if he found that it were so , he would not onely surrender vp vnto him , the Title and gouernement that he now held , together with the Citty and other places in his command , but also in all submission acknowledge and serue him in all faithfulnesse and duety as his naturall liege Lord , hée further instructed them to excuse him in the plottes and courses that hée had taken , and to blame but respectiuely his sufferance in the abuses of the Poles , that had drawne on the hatred and indignation of the Muscouite , so farre as being gathered to a head , and breaking forth into action , it prooued as a raging Torrent or violent Inundation that no wayes could be stopped : hée willed them further to descend into particularities , and to touch the seuerall factions on his part , that it stoode him vpon to take the aduantage of his friends offers , and the opportunity of euery reuolt , to the end that the head of all , which was himselfe , might be the surer garded , and this ( hée said ) hée learned of Nature and Necessitie , that teacheth euery creature to defend herselfe , and that albeit he could a long time endure the siege , and that hée knew also the Forces were ready in Swethland to attempt the Leager , he would yet neuerthelesse giue ouer these new hopes and designes for warre , and with all his best , endeuour to conclude a peace , protesting with this conclusion , that if by his maiesties fauor hée might enioy those lands , honors , and offices , to the which partly he was borne , partly he enioyed by the deceased Emperours gift , and his owne admission , no Prince in the world should finde a more loyall subiect or more faithfull Gentleman than himselfe . Demetrius albeit he suspected a Padde in this straw , did neuerthelesse either simply or colourably put them in hope of a Parlée , and for a time held a cessation , discharging the Messengers with faire words and countenance , who at their returne into the Citty , gaue out that this was not the true Demetrius , but a counterfet by Vansusces instructions , and that if they held out but a few dayes till the comming of the Swethen Army , the Leager would easily be remooued . Vansusce also bestirres himselfe to stirre vp the Muscouite to endure the siege vntil the comming of King Charles his forces : In the meane time Demetrius had vnderstanding secretly of some causes of discontent giuen from Vansusce to the traytour Glasco , both in the barres to his expected recompence , and also in the change of Vansusces fauour and countenance , for it is commonly so with Vsurpers , when their turnes are serued by such Ministers , whohauing made all the vse of them they can , they conuert their seruices done , into iniuries , especially where there is an expectation of rewarde aboue merit , for benefites with tyrants are of no longer pleasure , than they can with ease restore them , that once transcended , they study not how to reward , but to kill : for Glasco supposed that his seruices to Vansusce were of such woorth and greatnes , that halfe the Empire had béene scarse his recompence . Demetrius therefore striuing to worke vppon this his discantent , and that by him some meanes might be wrought for the surprise of the Citty , sent secretly his Lecters vnto Glasco , wherein after hee had touched ( but in gentle termes ) his disloyalty , he willed him to consider that there was no way for him to recouer the loue and opinion both of God and man , but to vntreade againe those steppings of treason , which from a corrupt minde his guiltie féete had before trodden , promising him in the word of a Prince , that if hée would find meanes for him to enter the Citty , hée would not onely pardon what was past , but restore him againe into his wonted place and fauour . These Letters being intercepted , were brought to Vansusce , who presently caused this traytour to be committed to prison , where hauing a long time endured much miserie , hée was at last arraigned and condemned , and finally , were he faulty , were hée faultlesse hée was executed in the Mosco , a fit death for such a life . There were many others of his confederacie , which because I knew not their names , I would not mention their actions , but this I deliuer from report , that none of them all died their naturall death , onely one excepted , that yet liues in a pelting Village in Ruscia , poore , wretched , miserable and hated of all the world . CHAP. 10. King Charles of Swethland sendeth an army of twelue thousand Souldiers into Ruscia , vnder the command of Pontus de la Gard a French Coronell , the Ruscians ioyne with them and remooue the Leager : the Emperour Demetrius flees againe into the Dukedome of Colloge . NOw must the miseries of Ruscia be augmented by the comming of this Armie compounded of so many Nations , English , French , and Scots . For though they came as a friend , and for their aide , yet who can stay an Armie from spoile and rapine , which the vnhappy Ruscian found true in the pursuite of this bloudy warre , not onely in their goodes and cattelles , but euen in their wiues and daughters , which in all places were made a prostituted prey to the lustfull appetite of the Souldiers . It was about the beginning of Summer , that this Army of King Charles descended into Ruscia , vnder the commaund o● the aforenamed French Coronell Pontus de la Gard , who with all spéede marched with this Armie to the Cittie of Mosco , encamping in the most commodious place they could find neare to the Polish Leager . Demetrius was before aduised to remooue , by them who fore-iudged the proofe of that which the sequel manifested , foreséeing that it would be a hard matter for Demetrius to resist both the Forces of the Mosco , and this new raised power , for being much wearied with a long siege , being now also with this fresh Armie , in a manner beleagerd themselues , they seene found the want of victualles and other necessaries , which in a short time brought them to great miserie , and to increase the Swethen Army , Demetrius the brother of Vansusce aduaunceth himselfe forward with twentie thousand Russians , to ioyne with the Swethen forces . Now are all places sorestalled that might bring in succours to the Polish Leager . The Emperour Demetrius was now in greater miserie than euer before : for besides the wants which he endured , the Poales themselues beganne to murmure and muteny against him , insomuch as he was often times enforced to heare many contumelious words and reproaches pronounced against him , that he was an vnhappie Prince , borne to a disastrous fortune , and not onelie for himselfe , but also for such as should take part with him . The Councells that were daily held were continually diuided , some aduise to make their way thorow the Swethen Armie , others to continue the Leager , the most to parlée , the last was the worst that Demetrius liked , knowing well that there would be no composition made without his deliuery , either aliue or dead into the hands of Vansusce , which though the Poales knew it was for their best safety so to do , yet they did abhorre it as an execrable déed , to betray a Prince whom they had vndertaken to protect , and to yéelde him to his enemies hands whom they had vowed to defend . To continue the Leager , was without all possibilitie of effecting , victualles growing so scarce in the Campe , that all prouision was deuoured so farre as they were enforced to eate their horses ; and from this scarcitie followed a great mortallitie . The Poale being so straitly ingirt , that they wanted ground to bury the dead , the vnhappy Prince sits alone in his tent , all desolate and dismayed , wanting both courage and councell in these extreames ; in the Campe he fées his dignitie decreased , and his commaund not respected ; in his Tent he feares murder , in his Cuppe poyson : and though the causes of these feares were false , there being no such in tendments , yet to a troubled minde ouerwhelmed with sorrow , oppressed with care , distracted with opinion what comfort or conceit can assure , his friends being a few noble men of Russia that were about him , comfort him and councell him , that he would aduenture with those companies of Russians hée had yet in his commaund , which were faithfull to him in all fortunes , being neuerthelesse not aboue the number of a thousand men , make an attempt in the dead of the night for their escape , euen through the Swethen Armie , the necessitie of the time and place say they vrge you to this dangerous resolution or to die , there being no third way for you to take : you shall not néede to feare our loyalties , because our owne liues lies in the same hazard , and if wée line or die , it shall be our glories , that we haue either frée●d you from this danger , or that we haue communicated our seruice to the fortunes of our Prince . For the attempt it selfe , it may happily not prooue so full of perill as it appeares to be , for that the darkenesse of the night , the suddennesse of the action , and the aduantage of the place , wherein we are quarterd , being but against the skirtes of the Swethen Armie , may happily make our way with more safety , and lesse losse than you imagine , howsoeuer it falles out , the greatest danger dwells héere , where to remaine , there is nothing more certaine than certaine destruction . These words , together with the desperate condition of their estates , made him suddenly to apprehend the plot , and to entertaine with courage the resolution of this attempt , which was done so closely and so secretly , as it was not discouered till the larum was giuen : this was about the noone of the day , all the after noone was spent in councell , and in giuing directions , which also was done so couertly , as the Poales themselues doubted nothing lesse than that which was intended . Now is the houre come wherein Demetrius must passe as great or a greater danger ( by all opinion ) than that of the Castle in Mosco , but with lesse feare or sorrow : for his vnhappy fortunes had now so inured him to such disastrous accidents , that his mind séemed to be suted to his miserie , all things therefore being ready , they beginne to dislodge , the larum was first giuen in the Swethen Armie , and was so suddenly answered in all places , that it bred a horrible confusion , the Poales feared a surprize from the Swethen Army , the Swethen from the Poales . When they came into the Emperours Tent , not finding either his Guard or himselfe , they cried out , that he had betrayed them . Pontus de la Gard drawes the best of his Foxes to the head of his Campe , and there attends all attempts , whilest the Emperor with the losse of a few men had passed the danger , the darkenes of the night being a great help vnto him , his guides before day had brought him out of all feare from any followers , howbeit many of the Poales followed after , and yéelded themselues afterward to him in Colloge . All this time both the Campes stoode still without anie attempt on either side . The Citty also not knewing the matter were soone in Armes , howbeit kept themselues within the walles , in the morning the Poales found the plot , and being driuen euery way to obey necessitie , they required Capitulations of truce with Vansusce , which was granted , the Articles drawne , the composition made , the Poles dislodgd , and with colours displayd , they went , some into other parts of Russia , turning Cossakes , and liuing vpon spoyle , some backe into Poland , who hauing related to their King the manner of Demetrius flight , and by it their owne enforcements , he renounced for euer his friendship and alliance , protesting from thence foorth neuer to aide him either with men or money . But though hée séemed to be discontent , hée was neuerthelesse inwardly glad that such occasion was proffered , in his owne behalfe to reuenge and recouer the losse hée had sustained , and vnder this colour , together with the broken Title hée had to the Dukedome of Seuean , to inuade the whole Empire of Russia , and to kéepe it for himselfe , which shortly after hée in person did , as you shall heare . And thus was the Polish Leager all this time remooued . CHAP. 11. Kneseuansusce continues still his vsurped authoritie . Sigismond King of Poland descends into Russia with an army of a hundred thousand men : he beseegeth Smalensco , and the great Citty of Mosco . The Emperour Demetrius makes another attempt , but is driuen backe into the Dukedome of Collogue . NOw stoode Vansusce higher in state and opinion of the people than euer before : Now were there daily feastings and triumphs in the Citty , and all dedicated to Vansusces fortunes , Orations made daily in the publique Hall to the people of eternall praise and immortall thankes to Vansusces greatnesse , euen aboue the straine of slatterie , attributing the safetie and preseruation of their liues and goodes to his wisedome and prouidence , together with the generall good of the whole Land , reduced by him from a manifest danger of vtter destruction , the benefit of whose peace ( say they ) and happy state next vnder God , wée deriue from his Imperiall Maiestie in his naturall and politique body , the one so absolute in bloud and qualitie , the other so excellent in State and Councell , that as he giues place to no Prince liuing for Stile and Territorie , reaching from the Riuer of Ipre , to the Caspian Sea , in Fame and Glorie they all giue place to him ; and it is the vniuersall Ioy of the whole Empire , that to a Prince voluptuous and full of defects , as was Demetrius , there hath succéeded a Prince of such high worth and estimation . They also gaue great praises and giftes to the French , English and Scottish for their paines taken , and valours shewne , in their defence , still retayning them in the Mosco for their garrison . But though the Citty was for a time thus deliuered , and in quiet , the Poles that remained still in the Countrey , hauing taken many Castles , and strengthened themselues in many places , commit all manner of vnspeakeable cruelty and villany on the poore people , who can call nothing they haue their owne , neither wiues , children , nor goodes , but are all made a prostituted prey to the Poles lust and rapine ; in their houses , sword and fire destroyeth them , in the woods , hunger and colde deuouceth them . Thus the poore Russians in many parts of the countrey doe miserably foele or endure , eyther aliue or dead , the bondage of the Poles tyranny . Yet these afflictions and calamities present , are but as a sufferable paine or disease , inflicting one part or limbe , in respect of the vniuersall mischiefe following , that tormented and almost destroyed the whole bodie of the Empire . For by this time Sigismond King of Poland raiseth a mighty Army , compounded of many Nations , as Tartars , Leiflanders , Coerlanders , together with some Companies of English , Scottish and Dutch , and many numbers of Cossakes , which bée people drawne from all partes , following onely for spoyle and prey . Vansusce hearing of these great preparations in Poland , fortifies the Mosco and other places of import in the Empire , but especially the Citty of Smalensco , whereof one KneIacob a Noble man of great power and vertue , was Duke and Gouernour , howbeit at that time , for some reasons , he committed the gouernement and defence of that Citty to an other whose name I could not learne . Thus all things being in a readinesse , both with the Pole for inuasion , and the Russian for resistance , Sigismond aduaunceth forward with his Army , consisting of a hundred thousand fighting men . This was about Michael , masse in the yeare 1609. for he stayed of purpose till their Haruest was ended for the reliefe of his Armie . Being descended into Russia , he came with his whole forces before the Citty of Smalensco , one Chollcosce a noble souldier that had done many honourable seruices against the Turke , being his Lieutenant generall . Now had Vansusce ( which I should haue remembred before ) sent to King Charles of Swethland for more ayde , who presently dispatched his Messengers to France , England , and the lowe Countries for men . There were taken vp in England of Voluntaries , English , and Scottish , two thousand vnder the commaund of Captaine Caluine a Scottishman , lieutenant Coronel to my Lord of Wormston , and of Captaine Coborne a valiant Souldier Coronell of the horse . There were also sent at that time out of France , and the low Countries , to the number of one thousand more , the French vnder the commaund of Monsleur la Vile a Captaine of name and worth among them , the Dutch vnder the commaund of Coronell Doue : the English and Scottish Forces arriued in Swethland about the latter end of Maie , some in the Nulies , some at Stock-holland , and some in other places , as the vncertaintie of winde and weather draue them . But being all at length met at Stockhollam , entertained , mustered , and sworne vnto King Charles , our Forces , together with the French and Dutch , which by this time were all mette , stayed there the most part of the Summer , vntill the latter end of August , in which time the King had made his preparations ready for his Intendments towardes Russia . About the beginning of September these Forces tooke shipping for Russia , but by contrary windes were driuen vpon Fynland , where because the Commaunders had no directions to land their men , the frost ouertaking them , and victualls failing aboorde , our people vnaccustomed to so colde a climate , dyed in great numbers , for want of foode , and abundance of colde , insomuch that being not able to indure the extremitie , they landed their Forces by directions from the Gouernour of Abo , a towne scituate vppon the Sea : from thence to march to the Cittie of Wyborrough , being distant from the place of landing thrée score and tenne leagues , in which march they lost by the extremity of the colde , many of their men by the way , and many were left behinde sicke , that neuerthelesse did afterward recouer the Army . At the last being come to the Cittie of Wyborrough in Fynnland , our Troupes reléeued themselues after this long weary march , and being kindly entertained of the Bourgers , kept their Christmasse in the citie , and rested there for the space of fouretéene dayes , wanting no necessaries that their present case required . After this time expired , our Troupes marched thrée daies iourney to the Sea side , that Sea being narrow in that place , parting Fynland and Russia : héere they marched eight leagues vppon the Ice , and hauing once set footing in Russia , the people of the Countrey being vnacquainted of their comming , forsooke their houses , fléeing into the woods and other vnknowne places , for the miserie of the warre was so great by the outrages of the Souldiers , that they found cause to distrust all , aswel those that came to defend them , as such as came to destroy them . Yet our troupes committed no other spoile in their march , but onely in their prouision for victualls , which in all places they found in aboundance , our Troupes marched in small iourne is the foure moneths following , Ianuarie , Februarie , March and Aprill , vnder the guide and conduct of one Burrisse a Noble man of the Countrey , appoynted by Vansusce for that businesse ; in which march they fréeed those partes of the Countrey , which the Pole before was possessed of , as the first , a towne of import called Stallarusse , which the Pole forsooke vppon their comming , and fled . But Monsieur la Vile following them with a few horse , cut them in péeces . They marched from thence to a Towne of defence called Costasco , which the Pole had a little before beleagerd , but vpon an assault made , hauing found an vnexpected resistance . And hearing the approach of the strangers , they fled before our comming . By this time the Sunne in his delight some progresse hauing passed the Equinoctiall , had turned the wearie wrackes of wastefull winter , into the cheerefull view of the Summers beauty , at which time , it being in the beginning of Maie , our Troupes recouerd a very pleasant country , where in great plenty they found all necessaries for horse and man. After some few dayes march in this champian countrey our Troupes receiued intelligence where the Enemy lay , to the number of seauen or eight thousand , at a Towne called Arioua some foure score verts , which is thrée score English miles from them . This Arioua was a great Towne , scituate on the side of a hill , pleasant to looke vppon , the great riuer of Vollga running through it , and as it were , equally parting it in the middest , with a strong and faire Castle in it ; howbeit the Towne vnwalled and vndefensible . Our men hauing receiued true relation , both concerning the Towne , the Poles strength , the distance , and the best way that leadeth vnto it , they entered into councell , what best was to be done for the surprize of this Towne , and a non slaught of the Poles , and as alwayes in such cases of weight , there are diuersitie of Iudgements and Opinions , some giuing councell one way , some another , the brauest spirites stirred vp with honourable emulation of others fame and greatnes , presse forward for employment . Coronell Coborne being the first that desired to haue the vndertaking of this businesse with fiue hundred horse ; but his plot being disliked , as being too full of danger , Monsieur la Vile the French Coronell vndertooke with foure hundred horse to doe some notable seruice or other , as occasion should be proffered . For many times in such doubtfull cases , vnlooked for Accidents and vnplotted attempts finde better opportunitie and successe in preuayling vppon the sudden , than premeditated and fore-decréed Councells . Thus hauing taken some of euery Troupe , English , Scottish , and French , with the aide of thrée other Captaines , as Captaine Cosmorre , a Moore , a very valiant Souldier , brought vp in the warres of the Netherlands , the other Captaine Crale an Englishman , and Captaine Creton a Scottishman , with this number of foure hundred horse . La Vile earely in the morning leauing the Armie in their quarters , marched towards Arioua , by the way they mette with a Conskippe of the Enemy , being a hundred horse vppon the skirt of a wood , if beeing sent from the maine Armie in Arioua as a scowt-watch to discouer our Troupes , for they had Intelligence before of our being in the Countrey . Their Vancurriers hauing espied our forces , gaue the larum , and presently turned backe and fled , but our Troupe followed , flew some , forced others to take the riuer of Vollga , tooke many prisoners , the rest fled , fyring the Countrey as they went , and brought the newes of our approach to Arioua . La Vile with his troups held on his course , méeting with no other Occurrents by the way till hée came to a little riuer , which they found so déepe , and the current running so swift by reason of the late dissoluing of the Snowe , that they knew not how to passe ouer . La Vile himselfe proffered to giue the attempt , but was stayed by others that looked into the daunger : a French Souldier of his Troupe , shewing more courage than foresight , tooke the riuer with his horse , and by the violence of the Streame , were both drowned . Here they spent some time to séeke out a foord , but found none : at last they espied a narrow place , where ( pulling downe an olde house standing hard by ) with the rafters thereof they made a little bridge , vppon which they passed on foote , swimming ouer with their horses in their hands . Thus they marched forward till they came within sight of Arioua about the noone time of the day . La Vile when he came within view of the Towne , and saw how it stoode parted by the riuer of Vollga , might perceiue afarre off on the other side of the Towne , the Enemies colours displayed in great numbers , the sodainenesse of the action bred a terrour on both partes , the Poales verily beléeuing that the maine Armie of our Forces to be at hand , and our troups supposing the Enemies strength to be as great on that side the riuer as on the other , though vndescried , howbeit they kept on their march towards the Towne , with resolution to doe some notable seruice , eyther by death or victorie : when they came within halfe a league of the Towne , they espied fiue hundred horses of the Enemie aduanced against them , where on the sodaine both sides awhile stood in gaze one of an other : at last fourty of the Enemies horses were drawne foorth , with proffer of a charge after the manner of a Brauada , a twelue or sixetéene of our horses gaue an onset to answer them , slew some , and beat the rest backe into their maine strength , so that both partes againe stood in gaze one of an other . Some doubted that it was the policie of the Pole to draw our Forces néerer to the Towne , and so to encompasse them with their Armie on the other side of the riuer . But La Vile , whose courage ouercame all feare , séeing no third way to be taken , but eyther that night to die , or to be Maisters of the Towne , out of a braue and honourable minde , with a few words in Dutch , did after this maner encourage his Souldiers , Wée haue come ( saith he ) thus farre ( my louing friends and followers ) with purpose and resolution to doe some speciall seruice or other , in the honour of our Countries , and profession , for aduauncing the successe of the maine action for this Land against the Poles tyranny in the behalfe of the King of Swethen . This place of Commaund which at this time I enioy with your consents , I will striue with all my power to discharge , as well for your safeties and contentments , as mine owne honour and reputation , and though we be of seuerall Nations , Languages , and Customes , we are in this businesse tyed together in an indissoluble band of loue and partnership , eyther to liue or die together , the best hope is , wée haue one God to defend vs all , whose out-stretched arme ouer-swayeth all : let not then eyther our owne weakenesse , or our Enemies strength affright vs , for besides the atchiuements of Honour that pricketh forward euerie worthy minde , there is a necessitie to put vs forward , for backe we cannot goe , without certaine dishonour and destruction , all places being harried and spoiled by the Pole , and no reliefe to be found : the riuers also and the champian fields will giue them aduantage with their numbers to heamme vs in , and cut vs in péeces : and if I be not deceiued , they stand in more doubt of vs , than we of them , as I iudge by the vncertaine wauing of their colours on the other side the riuer , and it may be all their feare hath giuen them false Intelligence , that wée are to receiue seconds from our maine Armie , which they suppose to be at hand . From this feare of theirs springeth my hope , that in spight of the Poales Armie wée shall rest in yonder Towne this night , and with that , crying out with a high voyce and spirite , Ihesus met ounce , which in English is , Iesus be with vs , with a braue courage they aduanced forward . Captayne Cosmorre with the Englishmen gaue the charge , and was seconded by the French men . The Pole séeing the charge thus made with such resolution , fearing ( as it was afterward knowne ) the approach of our maine Armie , turned their backes , and fled . Notwithstanding they had a second of foure hundred horses more , our troupes followed with all spéede , slew many with the sword , the most of them tooke the riuer of Vollga , thinking to recouer their maine Army , but the greatest numbers of them were drowned . Our troupes thus entred the towne of Arioua without any other resistance , and found the castle abandoned , at which they maruelled , that a Towne and Castle of such strength and import , hauing eight thousand men to defend it , should be thus forsaken . CHAP. 12. Vansusce sends his forces to ioyne with the strangers , to the number of thirty thousand . Pontus de la Gard Generall of the strangers , attempts to rayse the Poles Leager from Smalensco , but in a set battell is fought withall and ouerthrowne by the Pole. ARioua being thus taken in , our Troups rested there thrée dayes till our maine Armie came vp , in which time the Pole stayed in the Towne on the other side the riuer . But when they saw the approach of all our forces , they hastned their departure , and because they supposed the Inhabitants had betrayed them , they set fire on that side of the Towne in the dead of the night , onely to reuenge suspition , where after a most cruell and barbarous maner , they burned and slew , man , woman , and child ; a lamentable sight it was , to beholde the flame , and to heare the confused cries of the people , which was the more miserable , because , as there was no pittie in the Pole to respect them , so there was no way in our Troups to reléeue them , by reason of the riuer , which for want of boats they could not passe . The Poles hauing thus satisfied their rage vpon the poore Russian with blood & fire like incarnate diuells , without remorce , leauing this miserable people of all sortes and sexes , from the impotencie of Age , to the innocence of Infants , burning in that earths hell of horror , they marched away with drummes beating , trumpets sounding , colours displaying , as if they had effected some notable atchieuement . Early in the morning , La Vile perceiuing them marching away , hauing had the night before many boats brought vp the riuer by the Russe , carried his principall Forces ouer , and with all spéede followed them . The first night they ouertooke them in their quarters , slew many of them , tooke many of their colours , and forced the rest to flée , who still burning and spoyling the Country as they went , left no reliefe to helpe our Forces in the pursuite , so that in thrée dayes , hauing cléered all that part of the Countrey , they returned to Arioua , where our Armie rested some fouretéene dayes : and as contraries are euer best knowne by their contraries , they sound the excellencie of rest after their labour , and of plenty after their wants . For héere they found all things in aboundance that in many places before they wanted . Not long after La Vile with Cosmer the Moore , and lieutenant Conisby a very resolute Souldier , tooke in a Towne called Pogrilla , together with a strong Skonce manned by the Pole , taking it vpon a sur prize in the night putting them all to the sword onely the Gouerneur , and some few other reserued , La Vile , within a while after , went to the Mosco , accompanied with many Officers , English , Scottish , and French , where Vanscusce entertained them with liberall gifts and rewards to euery one . Héere they met with Pontus de la Gard , and found a great power of the Russians in a readinesse for seruice . Sigismond lying all this while before Smalensco , vnderstanding of the frée passages , that the strangers had made thorow the Countrey euen to the Mosco . And hauing receiued further Intelligence , that their Forces were ready to ioyne with resolution to attempt to raise the Leager from before Smalensco , sent vppon the sodaine Chollcosce his lieutenant generall with fiftéene thousand Launsiers , and thirtie thousand Cossakes to take a Skance of great import called Gregory , that lieth in the common passage betwéen two great woods from Mosco to Smalensco . This Skonce being thus strongly beleagered on all sides , Vansusce raiseth his Armie from the Mosco , constituting his brother Demetrius their Generall , who ioyning with the strangers Forces , of whom Pontus la Gard had the commaund , they march towards the Skonce of Gregory , the whole Armie consisting of fortie thousand . Being come within two daies march of the Skonce , the Enemy hauing gotten intelligence by some of our fugitiues , of the approach of this Armie , their numbers and purposes , which was to surprize them in the night vppon a nonslaught . Cholcosce to preuent their proiect the night before , drawes out of his Leager thrée thousand and fiue hundred Launsiers , being Noble men and Gentle men of the best rancke and resolution , that came with the King out of Poland , together with seuen thousand Cossakes , and with this number , hauing nine thousand Launsiers more for a second , closely in the night they marched ; and earely in the morning , which was Midsummer day , they fell sodainely vpon our quarters . Our men trusting that the Muscouite , who knew the Countrey , would by the Scowt-watches haue giuen the larum of any sodaine approach . But the Russe not daring to stirre out of their quarters , was the cause of our vnhappy defeature , and their owne vtter ouerthrow , for our men being thus put into amazement by the larum giuen . Pontus de la Gard did according to the shortnesse of the time , and the weight of the danger ) dispose in this manner of his Forces , the vangard he gaue to Edward Horne a full Souldier and a braue Commaunder with his Regiment of Fynlanders , who were the first that stoode the Poles charge . But being ouercharged by the Poles number of Launsters , they fled , scarse abiding the charge . Coronell Coborne commaunding the English horse , aduaunced forward with his Troupes , to answer the Pole. The French and Dutch did the like . But Cholcosce finding them weakely armd and horsed , being also encouraged before with the ouerthrow of the Fynlanders , with corage and resolution followed the tract of his fortune ; and in short time ouerthrew the whole Forces of the strangers horse , but with the death of many of his owne Launsiers , The whole Army of the Russe séeing the fortune of our forces , being themselues out of danger , fled , without stroke striking . The companies of our foote , séeing the successe of the day , did barrocad● themselues with Cartes and Waggons , with resolution to fight it out to the last man , or to take some honorable composition . Which Cholcosce perceiuing , and doubting some further stratagem , his returne also backe to the Skonce of Gregory being of moment , satisfying himselfe at that time with the glorie of this day , made a tender of these proffers following , that if they would giue ouer their strength , they should be at libertie , eyther to serue the Emperour , or the King of Pole with the same pay they had : if they would returne to the King of Swethland ; they should haue leaue , if into theyr owne Countries , they should haue licence , and helpe to passe through the Poles Country , with the Kings fauour . These proffers were accepted , and they hauing yéelded , did seuerally dispose of themselues , some backe to the Emperour , some to the King of Swethen , the most of them to the Pole , many home into their Countries . Thus was this great Armie vnhappily disperced , that neuer met together againe . Pontus de la Gard , Edward Horne , La Vile , Collayne , and Coborne , with a few Officers , and some Souldiers , to the number of fiue hundred , returned backe to the King of Swethen . CHAP. 13. The Emperor Demetrius returnes from Colloge with a hundred thousand men and beleagers Mosco on the one side of the towne , Cholcosce on the other . Vansusce is taken prisoner , and sent into Poland . Demetrius flees againe to Colloge , and is at last miserably slayne by a Tartare . VAnsusce hearing of the ouerthrow of his Army , was much troubled in his minde , especially for the defeature of the strangers , vpon whom he principally trusted : he now saw , that the hand of God was against him in dangers ineuitable , which by humane reason and iudgement , he could not auoyde , he feared Demetrius on the one side , that had drawne together in Colloge a hundred thousand men , with purpose to besiege the Mosco on the other side . He knew the Poales forces before Smalensco , and that they were still re-informed with new supplies : hée feared Gregory could not hold out that Skonce , bearing his name which Cholcosce had beleagerd , but that he would yéelde it vp vppon any composition , as indéede he did . He knew then that there was no barre nor hawlt for the Poales Armie to march from Smalensco , to the City of Mosco . To the increase of these feares hée sawe the citty empty of victualles , and other prouision for the warres . But that which most troubled him , he found his reputation much lessened in the opinion of the Muscouite . While Vansusce stoode thus exercised and perplexed with these feares , sayling betwixt Scilla and Charibdis , in doubt which way to take the Emperour Demetrius , layes hold of the occasion , and once more attempts with this new raised power to recouer his Empire , hée therefore with all spéed aduanceth forward with this great Army , consisting of a hundred thousand men , that in those tumultuous times , either for his loue , or their owne safeties had fled vnto him , there were also ten thousand Poles in his Army that had followed him in his last flight from the Mosco . He hauing thus once more like an Emperour the commaunding of such an Armie , which neuerthelesse was more fearefull for their numbers then in their armes and courage , came before the Citty , fortifying his camp , and planting his Ordonance , which soone beganne to batter . Sigismond King of Poland hauing intelligence hereof takes his aduantage in this diuision and sends Cholcosce his lieutenant generall , hauing lately taken in the fort of Gregory with forty thousand men to beleager the other side of Mosco , there were also fiftéene hundred strangers in his army , English , Scottish , and French , that had put themselues into the King of Poles seruice after their defeature on Midsummerday . Now was this great citty inuironed on all sides , with huge numbers of men of warre , and in short time brought to so great misery in the height of all extreame , that if a man could imagine in such a case the worst of calamity , such was the wretched fortune of this citty , wherein nothing but horror and despaire was found , the canon roring without , women & children crying within , the noise of drums , trumpets , horses , harqnebuses , and the helplesse grones of dying men , made it on earth a hell to the miserable Muscouite . Famine also at length so pincht them that they found these mischiefes to be vnsufferable . Now was Vansusce without heart or hope , fearing daily to bée betrayed by his owne friends , if we may call it treason , to betray a traitor , and his feares prooued true , for many noble men that were about him , looking into the present times condition , and reducing to their mindes the nature of the times past , they found Vansusce to be both the originall and efficient cause of all these miseries , and that God had thus plagued them with the plagues of men , for suffering an vsurper to raigne ouer them , so that at last vpon aduice taken , they tooke Vansusce prisoner sitting in councell among them , with suppose , by deliuering him captiue , to make their peace with Cholcosce , O had the vnkinde and vnstable Muscouite deliuered this vsurper vnto their lawfull Emperour Demetrius that lay on the other side the citie , and had brought him in with their submission and acknowledgement of alegeance , they might haue had the hand of God to haue fought for them , and haply in short time recouered their former peace and glorie . But they doubting his weakenesse , and fearing the strength of the Poles , deliuered vp their prisoner , together with the Citty into the power of Cholcosce , to be kept for the king of Pole. Which in this maner was effected . It was agréed vpon betwéene Cholcosce and the State of Russia , that he should haue deliuered into his hands , the Citty and the Castle to be held with a garrison for Sigismond King of Poland , vnto whom they proffered acknowledgement of homage and fraltie , conditionally , that Cholcosce with his Armie should presently remooue the Leager of the Emperour Demetrius on the other side the riuer . These proffers were accepted of Cholcosce , together with the condition , conditionally that they should deliuer sufficient hostages into his hands sor the safegard of himselfe and his Army , which was graunted , and a many of the Nobilitie chosen out as the great Patriarch of Mosco . KoeIacob Duke of Smalensco , and others of great power , who being deliuered to the Cholcosce , sent them all as pledges to the King of Pole. Thus Cholcosce hauing taken possession of the Citty mariheth through to fight with Demetrius , and in short time ouerthrew him , who fléeing againe to Colloge , found himselfe there also abandoued of all his friends . Thus this vnhappy Prince , fleeing from place to place , finding no place for safetie , was afterward ( as I haue heard it reported ) miserably slaine by a Tartar. Thus Cholcosce returning backe to the Citty in triumphant maner , was solemnely intertained of the Muscouite , who presented him also with many great gifts . He hauing stayed a while in the Cittie , and planted a garrison of eight thousand Poles in the Castle , returned to Smalensco with his prisoner Vansusce and deliuered him to his maister the King of Pole , who not long after sent him into Poland , to be kept prisoner at the Castle of Waringborrough , where he yet liues a miserable captine . Sigismond the yeare following takes in Smalensco vpon assault , and returnes into Poland , disposing the most part of his Armie into garrisons in Russia . But the Muscouite in short time after rebelled , and hauing drawne the Tartare as their Assistants , after a long and bloudie assault , they at the last recouered the Cittie and Castle of Mosco , putting all the Poles to the sword . Thus was the Colloge againe fréed , but not secured from the tyranny of the Poales , who are still possessors of a great part of that Countrey , sometimes losing in one place , oftentimes gaining in an other , neuer resting , but still in action , which the wretched people doe miserably sustaine . And thus ( as I vnderstand ) stands the condition of this torne Empire of Russia at this day . FINIS .