subject-sunday-freebo

Introduction

This is a Distant Reader "study carrel", a set of structured data intended to help the student, researcher, or scholar use & understand a corpus.

This study carrel was created on 2021-05-25 by Eric Morgan <emorgan@nd.edu>. The carrel was created using the Distant Reader zip2carrel process, and the input was a Zip file locally cached with the name input-file.zip. Documents in the Zip file have been saved in a cache, and each of them have been transformed & saved as a set of plain text files. All of the analysis -- "reading" -- has been done against these plain text files. For example, a short narrative report has been created. This Web page is a more verbose version of that report.

All study carrels are self-contained -- no Internet connection is necessary to use them. Download this carrel for offline reading. The carrel is made up of many subdirectories and data files. The manifest describes each one in greater detail.

Size

There are 27 item(s) in this carrel, and this carrel is 764,478 words long. Each item in your study carrel is, on average, 28,314 words long. If you dig deeper, then you might want to save yourself some time by reading a shorter item. On the other hand, if your desire is for more detail, then you might consider reading a longer item. The following charts illustrate the overall size of the carrel.

Readability

On a scale from 0 to 100, where 0 is very difficult and 100 is very easy, the documents have an average readability score of 88. Consequently, if you want to read something more simplistic, then consider a document with a higher score. If you want something more specialized, then consider something with a lower score. The following charts illustrate the overall readability of the carrel.

Word Frequencies

By merely counting & tabulating the frequency of individual words or phrases, you can begin to get an understanding of the carrel's "aboutness". Excluding "stop words", some of the more frequent words include:

day, sabbath, god, first, law, christ, lords, time, one, seventh, rest, may, holy, therefore, yet, gods, man, us, dayes, will, also, church, lord, now, made, shall, things, morall, men, much, commandement, onely, must, reason, nature, make, doth, say, doe, bee, hee, might, many, part, new, service, without, good, worke, creation

Using the three most frequent words, the three files containing all of those words the most are A treatise of the Sabbath and the Lords-day Distinguished into foure parts. Wherein is declared both the nature, originall, and observation, as well of the one under the Old, as of the other under the New Testament. Written in French by David Primerose Batchelour in Divinitie in the Vniversity of Oxford, and minister of the Gospell in the Protestant Church of Roven. Englished out of his French manuscript by his father G.P. D.D., Of the morality of the fourth commandement as still in force to binde Christians delivered by way of answer to the translator of Doctor Prideaux his lecture, concerning the doctrine of the Sabbath ... / written by William Twisse ..., and Theses Sabbaticæ, or, The doctrine of the Sabbath wherein the Sabbaths I. Morality, II. Change, III. Beginning. IV. Sanctification, are clearly discussed, which were first handled more largely in sundry sermons in Cambridge in New-England in opening of the Fourth COmmandment : in unfolding whereof many scriptures are cleared, divers cases of conscience resolved, and the morall law as a rule of life to a believer, occasionally and distinctly handled / by Thomas Shepard ....

The most frequent two-word phrases (bigrams) include:

lords day, seventh day, first day, sabbath day, one day, fourth commandement, new testament, old testament, christs resurrection, gods service, iesus christ, holy ghost, christian sabbath, morall law, holy day, every day, weekly sabbath, set apart, english books, early english, iewish sabbath, day sabbath, jewish sabbath, fourth commandment, six dayes, particular day, books online, holy sabbath, holy rest, holy dayes, lords supper, day wherein, eternall rest, last day, gods rest, another day, must needs, lord iesus, let us, god rested, god himselfe, gods people, next day, seven dayes, six daies, may bee, divine institution, tells us, holy duties, christian church

And the three file that use all of the three most frequent phrases are By the Mayor. To the aldermen of the ward of [blank] Forasmuch as the Lords day, commonly called Sunday, is of late much broken and prophaned, by a disorderly sort of people, in frequenting tavernes, alehouses, and the like, ... By the Mayor. Whereas the Lords Day, (commonly called Sunday) is of late much broken and prophaned by diverse disorderly people, in carrying and putting to sale diverse victuals and other things: ..., and An ordination and declaration of both Houses of Parliament sent to the lord maior of London for the religious observation of the Lords Day commonly called Sunday and a command from the maior directed to all church-wardens and constables in every ward in the city of London for the due execution thereof : also concerning the election of certaine new captaines chosen for the security of the city in these dangerous times with the names of the said captaines chosen for the new militia : also a relation of a late tumult happening in Chancery Lane by certaine Gentlemen of Lincolnes-Inne to the great disturbance and amazement of all the inhabitants..

While often deemed superficial or sophomoric, rudimentary frequencies and their associated "word clouds" can be quite insightful:

Keywords

Sets of keywords -- statistically significant words -- can be enumerated by comparing the relative frequency of words with the number of times the words appear in an entire corpus. Some of the most statistically significant keywords in the carrel include:

sabbath, god, lords, church, law, day, tcp, apostles, scripture, resurrection, gods, christians, christ, testament, sunday, seventh, lord, creation, commandement, city, saviour, iewes, gospell, decalogue, christian, text, spirit, sabboth, morning, minister, mayor, masters, jewish, iewish, holy, ghost, exod, evening, disciples, churches, christs, apostle, act, worship, world, word, week, walaeus, town, time

And now word clouds really begin to shine:

Topic Modeling

Topic modeling is another popular approach to connoting the aboutness of a corpus. If the study carrel could be summed up in a single word, then that word might be day, and A treatise of the Sabbath and the Lords-day Distinguished into foure parts. Wherein is declared both the nature, originall, and observation, as well of the one under the Old, as of the other under the New Testament. Written in French by David Primerose Batchelour in Divinitie in the Vniversity of Oxford, and minister of the Gospell in the Protestant Church of Roven. Englished out of his French manuscript by his father G.P. D.D. is most about that word.

If the study carrel could be summed up in three words ("topics") then those words and their significantly associated titles include:

1. day - A treatise of the Sabbath and the Lords-day Distinguished into foure parts. Wherein is declared both the nature, originall, and observation, as well of the one under the Old, as of the other under the New Testament. Written in French by David Primerose Batchelour in Divinitie in the Vniversity of Oxford, and minister of the Gospell in the Protestant Church of Roven. Englished out of his French manuscript by his father G.P. D.D.
2. day - A learned treatise of the Sabaoth, written by Mr Edward Brerewood, professor in Gresham Colledge, London. To Mr Nicolas Byfield, preacher in Chester. With Mr Byfields answere and Mr Brerewoods reply
3. day - An ordination and declaration of both Houses of Parliament sent to the lord maior of London for the religious observation of the Lords Day commonly called Sunday and a command from the maior directed to all church-wardens and constables in every ward in the city of London for the due execution thereof : also concerning the election of certaine new captaines chosen for the security of the city in these dangerous times with the names of the said captaines chosen for the new militia : also a relation of a late tumult happening in Chancery Lane by certaine Gentlemen of Lincolnes-Inne to the great disturbance and amazement of all the inhabitants.

If the study carrel could be summed up in five topics, and each topic were each denoted with three words, then those topics and their most significantly associated files would be:

1. day, sabbath, god - A treatise of the Sabbath and the Lords-day Distinguished into foure parts. Wherein is declared both the nature, originall, and observation, as well of the one under the Old, as of the other under the New Testament. Written in French by David Primerose Batchelour in Divinitie in the Vniversity of Oxford, and minister of the Gospell in the Protestant Church of Roven. Englished out of his French manuscript by his father G.P. D.D.
2. day, sabbath, lords - A briefe polemicall dissertation, concerning the true time of the inchoation and determination of the Lordsday-Sabbath. Wherein is clearly and irrefragably manifested by Scripture, reason, authorities, in all ages till this present: that the Lordsday begins and ends at evening; and ought to be solemnized from evening to evening: against the novel errours, mistakes of such, who groundlesly assert; that it begins and ends at midnight, or day-breaking; and ought to be sanctified from midnight to midnight, or morning to morning: whose arguments are here examined, refuted as unsound, absurd, frivolous. Compiled in the Tower of London, and now published, for the information, reformation of all contrary judgment or practise. By William Prynne of Swainswick Esq;.
3. god, day, sin - Gods judgements upon drunkards, swearers, and sabbath-breakers. In a collection of the most remarkable examples of Gods revealed wrath upon these sins with their aggravations, as well from scripture, as reason. And a caution to authority, lest the impunity of these evils bring a scourge upon the whole nation. By W. L.
4. text, tcp, day - By the Mayor. To the aldermen of the ward of [blank] Forasmuch as the Lords day, commonly called Sunday, is of late much broken and prophaned, by a disorderly sort of people, in frequenting tavernes, alehouses, and the like, ...
5. commandement, masters, worke - A learned treatise of the Sabaoth, written by Mr Edward Brerewood, professor in Gresham Colledge, London. To Mr Nicolas Byfield, preacher in Chester. With Mr Byfields answere and Mr Brerewoods reply

Moreover, the totality of the study carrel's aboutness, can be visualized with the following pie chart:

Noun & Verbs

Through an analysis of your study carrel's parts-of-speech, you are able to answer question beyonds aboutness. For example, a list of the most frequent nouns helps you answer what questions; "What is discussed in this collection?":

day, time, rest, man, dayes, law, things, men, reason, part, observation, weeke, nature, service, place, thing, people, words, end, times, evening, word, others, beginning, light, workes, world, hath, daies, morning, work, creation, life, worship, night, week, doth, respect, hee, thesis, ceremoniall, way, sin, p., gods, duties, text, name, worke, institution

An enumeration of the verbs helps you learn what actions take place in a text or what the things in the text do. Very frequently, the most common lemmatized verbs are "be", "have", and "do"; the more interesting verbs usually occur further down the list of frequencies:

is, be, was, are, have, were, had, did, being, made, do, make, say, said, called, set, come, observed, given, been, done, know, see, take, commanded, kept, bee, observe, according, give, let, bound, taken, sanctified, rest, think, hath, begin, keepe, rested, came, ordained, concerning, seeing, began, keep, found, worke, put, prove

Proper Nouns

An extraction of proper nouns helps you determine the names of people and places in your study carrel.

sabbath, god, 〉, ◊, christ, lords, 〈, law, lord, gods, church, hath, c., day, christians, commandement, iewes, testament, christs, doe, holy, moses, christian, resurrection, apostles, ●, wee, sunday, creation, bee, mans, l., heaven, dayes, adam, new, gospel, gospell, hee, iesus, de, churches, thou, jewes, saviour, paul, tcp, beene, text, doctor

An analysis of personal pronouns enables you to answer at least two questions: 1) "What, if any, is the overall gender of my study carrel?", and 2) "To what degree are the texts in my study carrel self-centered versus inclusive?"

it, his, they, he, them, i, their, we, our, him, us, you, my, themselves, me, himself, your, its, her, thy, she, thee, theirs, ours, one, ye, ''s, yours, mine, whereof, vp, severall, thou, there, ourselves, hee, yeeld, y, wr, worke, vnto, undoubtedlie, treateth, therevnto, non, jt, heb, gods, givē, f

Below are words cloud of your study carrel's proper & personal pronouns.

Adjectives & Verbs

Learning about a corpus's adjectives and adverbs helps you answer how questions: "How are things described and how are things done?" An analysis of adjectives and adverbs also points to a corpus's overall sentiment. "In general, is my study carrel positive or negative?"

first, other, seventh, such, holy, same, many, more, morall, good, great, fourth, true, particular, second, much, new, whole, last, old, own, common, necessary, divine, next, third, little, jewish, least, christian, better, weekly, very, most, greater, ordinary, like, saith, former, free, fit, ancient, present, religious, full, proper, sufficient, lawfull, evident, publike

not, so, then, therefore, also, now, as, more, onely, only, yet, well, most, even, first, thus, here, much, up, rather, out, thereof, together, never, very, ever, before, there, that, in, is, indeed, still, too, hence, all, away, secondly, no, ver, apart, just, long, especially, otherwise, else, forth, at, namely, again

Next steps

There is much more to a study carrel than the things outlined above. Use this page's menubar to navigate and explore in more detail. There you will find additional features & functions including: ngrams, parts-of-speech, grammars, named entities, topic modeling, a simple search interface, etc.

Again, study carrels are self-contained. Download this carrel for offline viewing and use.

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