The manner of making of coffee, tea, and chocolate as it is used in most parts of Europe, Asia, Africa, and America, with their vertues / newly done out of French and Spanish.
         De l'usage du caphé, du thé, et du chocolate. English
         Dufour, Philippe Sylvestre, 1622-1687.
      
       
         
           1685
        
      
       Approx. 118 KB of XML-encoded text transcribed from 62 1-bit group-IV TIFF page images.
       
         Text Creation Partnership,
         Ann Arbor, MI ; Oxford (UK) :
         2004-03 (EEBO-TCP Phase 1).
         A36763
         Wing D2455
         ESTC R4072
         12246570
         ocm 12246570
         56959
         
           
            This keyboarded and encoded edition of the work described above is co-owned by the institutions providing financial support to the Early English Books Online Text Creation Partnership. This Phase I text is available for reuse, according to the terms of
             Creative Commons 0 1.0 Universal
            . The text can be copied, modified, distributed and performed, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission.
          
        
      
       
         Early English books online.
      
       
         (EEBO-TCP ; phase 1, no. A36763)
         Transcribed from: (Early English Books Online ; image set 56959)
         Images scanned from microfilm: (Early English books, 1641-1700 ; 141:8)
      
       
         
           
             The manner of making of coffee, tea, and chocolate as it is used in most parts of Europe, Asia, Africa, and America, with their vertues / newly done out of French and Spanish.
             De l'usage du caphé, du thé, et du chocolate. English
             Dufour, Philippe Sylvestre, 1622-1687.
             Colmenero de Ledesma, Antonio. Curioso tratado de la naturaleza y calidad del chocolate. English.
             Chamberlayne, John, 1666-1723.
          
           [10], 116 p. : ill.
           
             Printed for William Crook ...,
             London :
             1685.
          
           
             The tracts on tea and on chocolate have special title pages. Those on tea and coffee are translated by John Chamberlayne from the French of Philippe Sylvestre Dufour; that on chocolate from the Spanish of A. Colmenero de Ledesma. Cf. BM.
             Reproduction of original in British Library.
          
        
      
    
     
       
         Created by converting TCP files to TEI P5 using tcp2tei.xsl, TEI @ Oxford.
         Re-processed by University of Nebraska-Lincoln and Northwestern, with changes to facilitate morpho-syntactic tagging. Gap elements of known extent have been transformed into placeholder characters or elements to simplify the filling in of gaps by user contributors.
      
       
         EEBO-TCP is a partnership between the Universities of Michigan and Oxford and the publisher ProQuest to create accurately transcribed and encoded texts based on the image sets published by ProQuest via their Early English Books Online (EEBO) database (http://eebo.chadwyck.com). The general aim of EEBO-TCP is to encode one copy (usually the first edition) of every monographic English-language title published between 1473 and 1700 available in EEBO.
         EEBO-TCP aimed to produce large quantities of textual data within the usual project restraints of time and funding, and therefore chose to create diplomatic transcriptions (as opposed to critical editions) with light-touch, mainly structural encoding based on the Text Encoding Initiative (http://www.tei-c.org).
         The EEBO-TCP project was divided into two phases. The 25,363 texts created during Phase 1 of the project have been released into the public domain as of 1 January 2015. Anyone can now take and use these texts for their own purposes, but we respectfully request that due credit and attribution is given to their original source.
         Users should be aware of the process of creating the TCP texts, and therefore of any assumptions that can be made about the data.
         Text selection was based on the New Cambridge Bibliography of English Literature (NCBEL). If an author (or for an anonymous work, the title) appears in NCBEL, then their works are eligible for inclusion. Selection was intended to range over a wide variety of subject areas, to reflect the true nature of the print record of the period. In general, first editions of a works in English were prioritized, although there are a number of works in other languages, notably Latin and Welsh, included and sometimes a second or later edition of a work was chosen if there was a compelling reason to do so.
         Image sets were sent to external keying companies for transcription and basic encoding. Quality assurance was then carried out by editorial teams in Oxford and Michigan. 5% (or 5 pages, whichever is the greater) of each text was proofread for accuracy and those which did not meet QA standards were returned to the keyers to be redone. After proofreading, the encoding was enhanced and/or corrected and characters marked as illegible were corrected where possible up to a limit of 100 instances per text. Any remaining illegibles were encoded as <gap>s. Understanding these processes should make clear that, while the overall quality of TCP data is very good, some errors will remain and some readable characters will be marked as illegible. Users should bear in mind that in all likelihood such instances will never have been looked at by a TCP editor.
         The texts were encoded and linked to page images in accordance with level 4 of the TEI in Libraries guidelines.
         Copies of the texts have been issued variously as SGML (TCP schema; ASCII text with mnemonic sdata character entities); displayable XML (TCP schema; characters represented either as UTF-8 Unicode or text strings within braces); or lossless XML (TEI P5, characters represented either as UTF-8 Unicode or TEI g elements).
         
          Keying and markup guidelines are available at the
           Text Creation Partnership web site
          .
        
      
       
         
         
      
    
     
       
         eng
      
       
         
           Coffee -- Early works to 1800.
           Tea -- Early works to 1800.
           Chocolate -- Early works to 1800.
        
      
    
     
        2003-10 TCP
        Assigned for keying and markup
      
        2003-10 Aptara
        Keyed and coded from ProQuest page images
      
        2003-11 Emma (Leeson) Huber
        Sampled and proofread
      
        2003-11 Emma (Leeson) Huber
        Text and markup reviewed and edited
      
        2003-12 pfs
        Batch review (QC) and XML conversion
      
    
  
   
     
       
         
         
         
           THE
           Manner
           of
           Making
           OF
           COFFEE
           ,
           TEA
           ,
           AND
           CHOCOLATE
           .
           As
           it
           is
           used
           In
           most
           parts
           of
           
             Europe
             ,
             Asia
             ,
             Africa
          
           ,
           and
           America
           .
           With
           their
           Vertues
           .
        
         
           Newly
           done
           out
           of
           French
           and
           Spanish
           .
        
         
           LONDON
           :
           Printed
           for
           
             William
             Crook
          
           at
           the
           
             Green
             Dragon
          
           without
           
             Temple
             Bar
          
           near
           Devereux
           Court
           ,
           1685.
           
        
      
       
         
         
         
           TO
           THE
           Right
           Worshipful
           Sr.
           
             THOMAS
             CLAYTON
          
           ,
           Kt.
           WARDEN
           OF
           
             MERTON
             COLLEDGE
          
           IN
           OXFORD
           .
        
         
           THIS
           TREATISE
           IS
           Humbly
           Dedicated
           BY
           THE
           RANSLATOR
           
             IOHN
             CHAMBERLAYN
          
           .
        
      
       
         
         
         
           THE
           PREFACE
           .
        
         
           NATVRE
           desiring
           ,
           that
           Man
           should
           go
           forth
           of
           her
           hands
           as
           a
           perfect
           Master-peice
           ,
           and
           as
           a
           Microcosm
           full
           of
           wonders
           ,
           has
           made
           him
           a
           present
           of
           a
           considerable
           apanage
           ,
           to
           wit
           ,
           a
           sound
           and
           vigorous
           health
           ,
           that
           he
           may
           live
           the
           longer
           ,
           and
           exercise
           all
           his
           functions
           with
           the
           less
           trouble
           .
           But
           as
           this
           health
           may
           be
           easily
           alter'd
           and
           destroyed
           by
           an
           infinite
           number
           both
           of
           external
           and
           internal
           causes
           ,
           the
           Divine
           Providence
           knowing
           that
           nothing
           can
           be
           more
           profita●le
           ,
           more
           agreeable
           ,
           or
           more
           precious
           〈◊〉
           this
           her
           Creature
           ,
           than
           this
           incomparable
           benefit
           of
           health
           ,
           without
           which
           all
           the
           honours
           ,
           all
           the
           riches
           ,
           and
           all
           the
           delights
           of
           the
           world
           do
           perpetually
           incommode
           ,
           vex
           ,
           and
           t●rment
           
           a
           Man
           ,
           T
           is
           therefore
           very
           wise
           advice
           ,
           to
           draw
           out
           of
           the
           bosom
           of
           the
           Earth
           many
           sorts
           of
           Medicines
           ,
           as
           well
           for
           the
           conservations
           of
           those
           Persons
           that
           are
           in
           perfect
           health
           ,
           as
           for
           the
           ease
           and
           cure
           of
           those
           that
           are
           infirm
           and
           crazy
           .
           In
           the
           mean
           time
           ,
           as
           Climates
           are
           very
           different
           th'
           one
           from
           th'
           other
           ,
           and
           as
           several
           Countries
           produce
           different
           species
           ,
           so
           Nature
           has
           distributed
           certain
           Plants
           and
           Drugs
           to
           some
           Countries
           ,
           which
           she
           has
           denied
           to
           others
           ;
           to
           the
           end
           that
           hereby
           she
           might
           the
           better
           favour
           the
           mutual
           commerce
           of
           all
           People
           ,
           and
           for
           the
           better
           cementing
           humane
           Society
           ,
           at
           which
           she
           alwaies
           seems
           particularly
           to
           aim
           ,
           since
           she
           has
           implanted
           the
           love
           and
           desire
           thereof
           in
           the
           minds
           of
           all
           ,
           except
           such
           as
           are
           ill
           natur'd
           and
           Men-haters
           ,
           who
           seem
           to
           be
           abhortives
           and
           monsters
           in
           Nature
           .
           They
           therefore
           do
           seem
           to
           clash
           with
           Reason
           ,
           who
           in
           contempt
           of
           the
           sacred
           Rules
           of
           Divine
           Providence
           ,
           
           do
           hold
           ,
           that
           every
           Country
           ought
           to
           be
           content
           with
           the
           sole
           use
           of
           its
           own
           Drugs
           ,
           without
           seeking
           after
           those
           things
           wherewith
           Strangers
           and
           Foreigners
           may
           furnish
           us
           .
        
         
           For
           is
           it
           not
           the
           meer
           effect
           of
           a
           capricious
           and
           peevish
           humour
           ,
           to
           desire
           without
           any
           reason
           to
           deprive
           Mankind
           of
           the
           use
           of
           those
           healthful
           productions
           wherewith
           Nature
           from
           all
           parts
           presents
           him
           ,
           and
           to
           hinder
           him
           from
           all
           advantages
           ,
           which
           he
           may
           thence
           expect
           ?
           Now
           amongst
           all
           the
           Drugs
           whereof
           Heaven
           has
           shewed
           it self
           liberal
           to
           Men
           ,
           there
           be
           three
           chiefly
           which
           in
           our
           time
           have
           required
           so
           great
           a
           vogue
           or
           credit
           ,
           and
           so
           particular
           an
           esteem
           through
           all
           Europe
           by
           the
           signal
           effects
           which
           they
           are
           daily
           found
           to
           produce
           in
           an
           infinite
           number
           of
           People
           ,
           who
           make
           use
           thereof
           with
           good
           success
           that
           I
           have
           thought
           it
           a
           thing
           of
           great
           importance
           to
           communicate
           to
           the
           publique
           some
           Discourses
           and
           Treatises
           made
           on
           
           this
           Subject
           ,
           compiled
           and
           gathered
           together
           in
           one
           Body
           ,
           that
           our
           Nation
           ,
           alwayes
           curious
           and
           greedy
           of
           no
           velty
           ,
           may
           understand
           the
           very
           depth
           and
           bottom
           of
           these
           abovesaid
           Drugs
           ,
           as
           well
           as
           others
           ;
           the
           use
           whereof
           has
           been
           but
           lately
           known
           amongst
           us
           ,
           yet
           they
           become
           more
           famousevery
           day
           than
           other
           ,
           by
           the
           frequent
           and
           dayly
           use
           we
           make
           of
           them
           ,
           and
           with
           a
           success
           which
           is
           no
           less
           wonderful
           than
           profitable
           ;
           those
           three
           Drugs
           which
           I
           mean
           ,
           and
           whereof
           I
           intend
           to
           treat
           here
           ,
           are
           COFFEE
           ,
           TEA
           ,
           and
           CHOCOLATE
           :
           The
           two
           first
           are
           simple
           Drugs
           ,
           the
           latter
           is
           a
           mixt
           composition
           of
           several
           Drugs
           .
        
         
           COFFEE
           grows
           in
           Arabia
           ,
           but
           the
           other
           two
           come
           from
           the
           
             Indies
             ,
             viz.
          
           the
           Tea
           from
           the
           East-Indies
           ,
           and
           the
           Chocolate
           (
           or
           
             Cacao
             nut
          
           ,
           whereof
           it
           is
           chiefly
           made
           )
           from
           the
           West-Indies
           .
           The
           first
           peice
           I
           present
           you
           with
           in
           this
           Book
           is
           a
           curious
           Discourse
           of
           COFFEE
           ,
           done
           into
           
           French
           out
           of
           an
           Original
           Copy
           in
           Latine
           ,
           not
           long
           since
           composed
           by
           a
           very
           learned
           Physitian
           of
           Germany
           ,
           who
           would
           be
           nameless
           ,
           to
           the
           which
           I
           have
           added
           some
           draughts
           gathered
           out
           of
           the
           works
           of
           some
           learned
           Travellers
           on
           this
           same
           subject
           .
           The
           Second
           Treatise
           consists
           of
           some
           particular
           Remarks
           extracted
           from
           the
           Dutch
           East-India
           Companies
           Embassy
           to
           the
           Emperour
           of
           China
           .
           From
           a
           relation
           of
           the
           Voyage
           of
           the
           Bishop
           of
           Beryte
           to
           Cochinchina
           .
           From
           the
           Voyage
           of
           Father
           Alexander
           of
           Rhodes
           :
           And
           from
           the
           Medicinal
           Observations
           of
           
             Nicholas
             Tulpius
          
           a
           a
           Physician
           of
           Amsterdam
           .
        
         
           The
           last
           peice
           is
           a
           Discourse
           of
           Chocolate
           ,
           made
           by
           a
           Spanish
           Physician
           ,
           named
           
             Antonio
             Colmenere
          
           of
           Ledesma
           .
           I
           am
           perswaded
           that
           this
           little
           Collection
           will
           be
           well
           accepted
           by
           all
           good
           men
           ,
           who
           shall
           thereby
           be
           enabled
           to
           understand
           what
           excellent
           Vertues
           the
           
           Creator
           has
           distributed
           to
           these
           three
           foreign
           Drugs
           :
           Which
           shall
           so
           much
           the
           more
           oblige
           them
           to
           admire
           and
           bless
           the
           Sovereign
           Author
           of
           all
           these
           Creatures
           ,
           and
           shall
           render
           them
           the
           more
           desirous
           to
           make
           good
           use
           thereof
           ,
           with
           continual
           Thanksgiving
           ,
           in
           all
           the
           Distempers
           wherewith
           they
           shall
           find
           themselves
           either
           threatned
           ,
           or
           really
           afflicted
           .
        
      
    
     
       
         
           
             
             
               OF
               THE
               USE
               OF
               COFFEE
               .
            
             
               ALthough
               the
               use
               and
               the
               eating
               of
               Beans
               ,
               were
               heretofore
               forbidden
               by
               Pythagoras
               ,
               because
               that
               their
               Flowers
               being
               spotted
               with
               a
               black
               Colour
               ,
               did
               represent
               a
               melancholly
               shape
               ,
               and
               the
               Souls
               of
               the
               dead
               that
               did
               dwell
               therein
               :
               And
               though
               there
               be
               others
               that
               reject
               them
               ,
               affirming
               that
               the
               use
               of
               them
               dulls
               the
               senses
               ,
               and
               causes
               troublesome
               Dreams
               :
               Yet
               because
               they
               serve
               us
               in
               the
               Nature
               of
               Victuals
               and
               Physick
               ,
               I
               shall
               not
               think
               my
               time
               and
               labour
               mis
               imployed
               ,
               if
               I
               communicate
               to
               the
               publick
               ,
               something
               on
               this
               Subject
               of
               Beans
               .
            
             
             
               Nevertheless
               I
               don't
               mean
               to
               speak
               of
               our
               European
               Beans
               ;
               neither
               of
               the
               wilde
               ,
               nor
               those
               they
               sow
               ,
               whether
               they
               be
               Lupine
               ,
               or
               Kidney
               Beans
               ,
               or
               whatsoever
               sort
               ;
               of
               all
               which
               we
               were
               ever
               wont
               to
               make
               use
               ,
               either
               in
               the
               Kitchin
               or
               in
               the
               Drugsters
               Trade
               ,
               since
               that
               the
               most
               famous
               Physicians
               and
               Chyrurgions
               have
               employed
               them
               in
               the
               Cure
               of
               Maladies
               internal
               as
               well
               as
               external
               ;
               viz.
               In
               the
               Dropsie
               ,
               the
               Stone
               ,
               the
               Stoppage
               of
               the
               Urine
               ,
               the
               bloudy
               Flux
               ,
               Loosness
               ,
               Bruises
               ,
               and
               other
               Diseases
               .
               Neither
               will
               I
               mention
               the
               Bean
               of
               Egypt
               ;
               which
               Dioscorides
               speaks
               of
               ,
               which
               the
               Crocodiles
               avoid
               as
               being
               destructive
               to
               their
               Eyes
               ,
               witness
               Pliny
               .
               Neither
               of
               the
               Kidney
               Beans
               of
               
                 Paludan
                 Garet
              
               ,
               like
               the
               Cacao
               Nut
               (
               whereof
               they
               make
               Chocolate
               )
               named
               otherwise
               Coles
               by
               Clusius
               :
               Nor
               will
               I
               treat
               of
               the
               purging
               Beans
               of
               Carthage
               ;
               or
               those
               of
               
                 Ferdinand
                 de
                 Lopez
              
               of
               Castagneda
               ;
               which
               come
               from
               the
               Isle
               of
               St.
               Thomas
               .
               I
               will
               speak
               for
               the
               present
               of
               a
               certain
               Bean
               of
               Arabia
               called
               Bon
               ,
               whereof
               they
               make
               a
               Drink
               termed
               Coffee
               ,
               which
               was
               heretofore
               in
               use
               amongst
               Arabians
               ,
               and
               Egyptians
               ;
               
               and
               which
               is
               now
               a
               dayes
               in
               very
               great
               request
               amongst
               the
               English
               ,
               French
               ,
               and
               Germanes
               .
            
             
               The
               first
               that
               makes
               mention
               of
               the
               Property
               of
               this
               Bean
               ,
               under
               the
               name
               of
               Bunchum
               in
               the
               9th
               .
               Century
               after
               the
               Birth
               of
               our
               Saviour
               ,
               was
               
                 Zachary
                 Mahomet
                 Rases
              
               ,
               commonly
               called
               Rhasio
               ,
               a
               very
               famous
               Arabian
               Physician
               ,
               who
               has
               composed
               a
               great
               many
               excellent
               Books
               ,
               to
               wit
               ,
               Ten
               dedicated
               to
               King
               Almansor
               ,
               and
               Fifteen
               other
               learned
               Works
               .
               He
               was
               the
               first
               ,
               that
               did
               explain
               what
               was
               the
               meaning
               of
               Bunchum
               ,
               assuring
               us
               that
               it
               is
               hot
               and
               dry
               ,
               very
               good
               for
               the
               Stomach
               ,
               it
               hinders
               the
               unpleasant
               smell
               of
               Sweat
               ,
               and
               of
               depilatory
               Oyntments
               .
            
             
               After
               Rases
               divers
               other
               Physicians
               ,
               and
               particularly
               Avicenne
               ,
               explains
               Bon
               under
               the
               name
               of
               Bunchum
               .
            
             
               As
               to
               the
               choice
               thereof
               ,
               he
               says
               that
               of
               a
               Lemmon
               colour
               ,
               light
               ,
               and
               of
               a
               good
               smell
               is
               the
               best
               ;
               that
               the
               white
               and
               the
               heavy
               is
               naught
               ,
               that
               it
               is
               hot
               and
               dry
               in
               the
               first
               degree
               ,
               and
               according
               to
               others
               cold
               in
               the
               first
               degree
               .
               As
               to
               its
               operations
               and
               effects
               ,
               it
               fortifies
               the
               members
               ,
               it
               cleans
               
               the
               skin
               ,
               and
               dries
               up
               the
               humidities
               that
               are
               under
               it
               ,
               and
               it
               gives
               an
               excellent
               smell
               to
               all
               the
               Body
               .
            
             
               
                 Prosper
                 Alpinus
              
               in
               his
               Book
               of
               the
               Medicines
               and
               Plants
               of
               Egypt
               ,
               throughly
               describes
               the
               Bean
               Bon
               ,
               and
               the
               Drink
               they
               make
               thereof
               .
               For
               he
               sayes
               the
               Grain
               Bon
               is
               in
               great
               use
               among
               the
               Egyptians
               ,
               of
               which
               they
               prepare
               a
               decoction
               ,
               whereof
               they
               drink
               in
               their
               Country
               just
               the
               same
               as
               we
               do
               the
               wine
               in
               our
               Taverns
               :
               And
               tho
               they
               drink
               it
               all
               day
               long
               ,
               yet
               their
               manner
               is
               alwayes
               to
               take
               a
               large
               quantity
               thereof
               in
               the
               morning
               fasting
               ,
               as
               hot
               as
               they
               can
               well
               indure
               it
               ,
               it
               being
               the
               general
               opinion
               amongst
               them
               ,
               that
               it
               warms
               and
               corroborates
               the
               Stomach
               ,
               and
               that
               it
               is
               a
               powerful
               remedy
               to
               cure
               all
               the
               obstructions
               of
               the
               Bowels
               .
            
             
               It
               is
               an
               excellent
               Remedy
               against
               the
               stoppage
               of
               Womens
               Courses
               ,
               and
               they
               make
               often
               use
               thereof
               ,
               when
               they
               don't
               flow
               so
               fast
               as
               they
               desire
               ,
               they
               sip
               a
               great
               deal
               of
               it
               ,
               as
               hot
               as
               they
               can
               drink
               it
               ;
               alwayes
               taking
               care
               to
               drink
               it
               by
               little
               and
               little
               :
               for
               it
               is
               the
               Custome
               of
               every
               one
               
               to
               drink
               it
               after
               that
               manner
               .
               He
               proceeds
               further
               in
               it
               ,
               saying
               ,
               that
               the
               drink
               called
               Coffee
               is
               much
               esteem'd
               of
               in
               those
               Countries
               ,
               the
               which
               they
               prepare
               with
               certain
               black
               Grains
               ,
               which
               come
               very
               near
               to
               Beans
               .
               This
               decoction
               they
               make
               two
               ways
               :
               the
               one
               with
               the
               skin
               or
               the
               outside
               of
               the
               aforesaid
               Grain
               ,
               and
               the
               other
               with
               the
               very
               substance
               of
               the
               Bean.
               That
               which
               is
               made
               of
               the
               skin
               is
               of
               more
               force
               ,
               then
               the
               other
               that
               's
               made
               with
               the
               Bean
               it self
               :
               I
               have
               seen
               the
               Tree
               whereon
               it
               grows
               in
               the
               Orchard
               of
               a
               Turkish
               Commander
               ,
               who
               had
               caused
               it
               to
               be
               transplanted
               out
               of
               Arabia
               ,
               it
               very
               much
               resembles
               the
               Plant
               ,
               called
               
                 Priests
                 Bonnet
              
               .
               The
               quality
               of
               this
               Drink
               is
               cold
               and
               dry
               ,
               or
               rather
               temperate
               in
               respect
               of
               cold
               ,
               by
               reason
               of
               some
               heat
               ,
               which
               is
               found
               mingled
               therewith
               :
               For
               this
               grain
               is
               composed
               of
               two
               different
               substances
               ;
               to
               wit
               ,
               the
               one
               gross
               and
               terren
               ,
               whereby
               it
               strengthens
               and
               corroborates
               ,
               and
               the
               other
               is
               thought
               to
               be
               made
               up
               of
               warm
               parts
               ,
               by
               which
               it
               heats
               ,
               cleanses
               ,
               and
               opens
               .
               This
               decoction
               has
               a
               taste
               not
               much
               different
               from
               that
               of
               Succory
               ,
               
               tho
               it
               has
               a
               greater
               power
               to
               remove
               all
               obstructions
               .
               Having
               then
               took
               notice
               ;
               that
               the
               Women
               in
               the
               beginning
               of
               their
               courses
               ,
               to
               help
               evacuations
               ,
               drink
               of
               it
               by
               little
               and
               little
               ,
               a
               great
               quantity
               very
               hot
               ,
               and
               in
               that
               time
               make
               great
               use
               of
               this
               Drink
               .
               Assisted
               and
               with
               this
               experience
               I
               begun
               to
               employ
               it
               for
               all
               women
               whatsoever
               ,
               who
               by
               some
               cause
               or
               other
               have
               their
               purgations
               ceas'd
               or
               diminished
               ,
               the
               which
               I
               have
               seen
               experimented
               by
               very
               many
               with
               good
               success
               ;
               and
               thence
               I
               have
               learned
               ,
               that
               this
               sort
               of
               Medicine
               was
               excellent
               for
               the
               stopping
               of
               Womens
               courses
               ,
               which
               proceeds
               from
               the
               obstructions
               of
               the
               veins
               in
               the
               Matrice
               ,
               having
               before
               hand
               provided
               for
               the
               purging
               of
               the
               body
               .
               This
               Drink
               took
               in
               the
               morning
               fasting
               ,
               mightily
               provokes
               the
               Courses
               ,
               and
               it
               is
               a
               quick
               and
               certain
               remedy
               for
               those
               Women
               ,
               who
               not
               having
               their
               courses
               are
               troubled
               with
               violent
               pains
               .
            
             
               They
               prepare
               this
               decoction
               taking
               a
               pound
               and
               a
               half
               of
               the
               Kernels
               of
               this
               Grain
               ,
               peeling
               off
               the
               skin
               they
               roast
               it
               before
               the
               fire
               ,
               and
               having
               
               roasted
               or
               parched
               it
               ,
               they
               boyl
               it
               in
               twenty
               pintes
               of
               water
               .
               Others
               take
               the
               Grain
               roasted
               or
               parched
               ,
               and
               beat
               to
               powder
               ,
               and
               let
               it
               lie
               steept
               in
               water
               a
               whole
               day
               :
               and
               without
               any
               other
               infusion
               they
               boyl
               it
               half
               a
               way
               ,
               and
               having
               strain'd
               it
               ,
               they
               keep
               it
               in
               earthen
               pots
               stopt
               close
               ,
               to
               make
               use
               thereof
               when
               they
               shall
               want
               it
               .
            
             
               They
               prepare
               this
               drink
               after
               the
               same
               fashion
               ,
               with
               the
               Bark
               of
               the
               aforesaid
               Grain
               :
               which
               nevertheless
               they
               take
               in
               a
               less
               quantity
               ,
               viz.
               some
               only
               six
               ounces
               ,
               others
               nine
               ,
               with
               twenty
               pintes
               of
               Fountain
               water
               ,
               which
               they
               boyl
               half
               away
               .
               This
               Drink
               the
               Arabians
               call
               Caova
               :
               the
               Berries
               (
               as
               I
               said
               before
               )
               grow
               on
               a
               Tree
               much
               like
               our
               
                 Priests
                 Bonnet
              
               ,
               tho
               the
               leaves
               are
               thicker
               ,
               harder
               ,
               and
               greener
               ,
               and
               besides
               they
               are
               green
               all
               the
               year
               round
               .
            
             
               They
               use
               this
               decoction
               to
               fortifie
               the
               stomach
               ,
               when
               it
               is
               too
               cold
               ,
               and
               to
               help
               digestion
               ,
               as
               also
               to
               remove
               the
               obstructions
               of
               the
               entrails
               :
               they
               make
               use
               of
               it
               several
               days
               with
               good
               success
               ,
               in
               the
               cold
               swellings
               of
               the
               Liver
               and
               the
               Spleen
               .
               Avieenne
               mentions
               
               these
               Grains
               ,
               and
               attributes
               the
               same
               use
               to
               them
               ;
               esteeming
               them
               to
               be
               hot
               in
               the
               third
               degree
               ,
               and
               dry
               in
               the
               second
               ;
               which
               does
               not
               seem
               likely
               ;
               since
               it
               has
               a
               sweet
               with
               a
               kind
               of
               bitterness
               ,
               without
               any
               sharpness
               or
               acrimony
               .
            
             
               We
               must
               now
               particularize
               the
               preparation
               of
               this
               Drink
               made
               with
               Coffee
               ;
               t
               is
               true
               ,
               I
               have
               spoken
               something
               hereof
               before
               ,
               but
               in
               general
               now
               I
               will
               proceed
               to
               the
               particulars
               .
            
             
               
                 The
                 Coffee
                 Tree
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 The
                 Instrument
                 .
              
            
             
               I
               have
               here
               explained
               in
               general
               the
               Virtues
               of
               that
               wholesome
               drink
               called
               Coffee
               ;
               tho
               it
               will
               not
               be
               altogether
               unnecessary
               ,
               to
               relate
               what
               an
               eminent
               Arabian
               Physician
               speaks
               thereof
               ,
               who
               more
               particularly
               declares
               these
               things
               that
               follow
               .
            
             
               The
               fruit
               Bon
               (
               says
               he
               )
               is
               gathered
               in
               the
               Month
               Ab
               ,
               which
               being
               took
               out
               of
               its
               shell
               is
               divided
               into
               two
               parts
               ,
               its
               Flowers
               are
               whitish
               ,
               this
               Bean
               is
               hot
               in
               the
               first
               degree
               ,
               and
               dry
               in
               the
               second
               ,
               that
               is
               to
               say
               its
               Skin
               ,
               as
               to
               the
               kirnel
               ,
               it
               is
               altogether
               temperate
               ,
               nevertheless
               it
               dries
               ,
               but
               moderately
               and
               plesantly
               :
               Its
               drink
               is
               good
               against
               Catharrs
               and
               Rheums
               ,
               which
               trouble
               the
               Breast
               :
               In
               the
               stoppage
               of
               Womens
               courses
               ,
               and
               Urine
               ,
               against
               the
               boyling
               of
               the
               blood
               ,
               and
               the
               decaying
               of
               the
               strength
               't
               is
               very
               necessary
               .
               This
               drink
               has
               got
               the
               same
               esteem
               in
               Denmark
               
               and
               Sweden
               :
               In
               which
               Countries
               the
               great
               Lords
               make
               use
               of
               it
               frequently
               .
               And
               especially
               at
               Paris
               there
               are
               a
               great
               many
               Shops
               that
               sell
               Coffee
               publickly
               with
               this
               following
               commendation
               .
            
             
               
                 The
                 most
                 excellent
                 Virtues
                 of
                 the
                 Berry
                 called
                 Coffee
                 .
              
               
                 COffee
                 is
                 a
                 Berry
                 which
                 only
                 grows
                 in
                 the
                 desert
                 of
                 Arabia
                 ,
                 from
                 whence
                 it
                 is
                 transported
                 into
                 all
                 the
                 Dominions
                 of
                 the
                 Grand
                 Seigniour
                 ,
                 which
                 being
                 drunk
                 dries
                 up
                 all
                 the
                 cold
                 and
                 moist
                 humours
                 ,
                 disperses
                 the
                 wind
                 fortifies
                 the
                 Liver
                 ,
                 eases
                 the
                 dropsie
                 by
                 its
                 purifying
                 quality
                 ,
                 't
                 is
                 a
                 Sovereign
                 medicine
                 against
                 the
                 itch
                 ,
                 and
                 corruptions
                 of
                 the
                 blood
                 ,
                 refreshes
                 the
                 heart
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 vital
                 beating
                 thereof
                 ,
                 it
                 relieves
                 those
                 that
                 have
                 pains
                 in
                 their
                 Stomach
                 ,
                 and
                 cannot
                 eat
                 :
                 It
                 is
                 good
                 also
                 against
                 the
                 indispositions
                 of
                 the
                 brain
                 ,
                 cold
                 ,
                 moist
                 ,
                 and
                 heavy
                 ,
                 the
                 steam
                 which
                 rises
                 out
                 of
                 it
                 is
                 good
                 against
                 the
                 Rheums
                 of
                 the
                 eyes
                 ,
                 and
                 drumming
                 in
                 the
                 ears
                 :
                 'T
                 is
                 excellent
                 also
                 against
                 
                 the
                 shortness
                 of
                 the
                 breath
                 ,
                 against
                 Rheums
                 which
                 trouble
                 the
                 Liver
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 pains
                 of
                 the
                 Spleen
                 :
                 It
                 is
                 an
                 extraordinary
                 ease
                 against
                 the
                 Worms
                 :
                 After
                 having
                 eat
                 or
                 drunk
                 too
                 much
                 :
                 Nothing
                 is
                 better
                 for
                 those
                 that
                 eat
                 much
                 Fruit.
                 
              
               
                 The
                 daily
                 use
                 hereof
                 in
                 a
                 little
                 while
                 will
                 manifest
                 the
                 aforesaid
                 effect
                 to
                 those
                 ,
                 that
                 being
                 indisposed
                 shall
                 use
                 it
                 from
                 time
                 to
                 time
                 .
              
               
                 'T
                 is
                 related
                 that
                 the
                 Turks
                 amongst
                 other
                 drinks
                 ,
                 make
                 use
                 of
                 one
                 which
                 they
                 greatly
                 esteem
                 ,
                 and
                 which
                 they
                 call
                 Chaube
                 ,
                 the
                 same
                 with
                 our
                 Coffee
                 as
                 black
                 as
                 Ink
                 ,
                 and
                 which
                 is
                 excellent
                 ,
                 especially
                 in
                 the
                 illness
                 of
                 the
                 Stomack
                 :
                 They
                 are
                 wont
                 to
                 drink
                 thereof
                 in
                 the
                 Morning
                 ,
                 in
                 publick
                 places
                 without
                 any
                 difficulty
                 ,
                 they
                 take
                 it
                 in
                 earthen
                 or
                 Porcelain
                 Porringers
                 ,
                 their
                 manner
                 is
                 seting
                 themselves
                 down
                 on
                 the
                 ground
                 in
                 a
                 Ring
                 ,
                 every
                 one
                 drinks
                 in
                 his
                 turn
                 :
                 They
                 set
                 the
                 Porringer
                 oftentimes
                 to
                 their
                 mouth
                 ,
                 but
                 they
                 drink
                 but
                 a
                 very
                 little
                 at
                 a
                 time
                 ,
                 by
                 reason
                 of
                 its
                 extream
                 heat
                 .
                 The
                 ingredients
                 they
                 use
                 in
                 the
                 making
                 of
                 
                 this
                 Liquor
                 ,
                 are
                 certain
                 fruits
                 which
                 are
                 call'd
                 Buncho
                 ,
                 by
                 the
                 Inhabitants
                 of
                 the
                 Country
                 ;
                 being
                 like
                 (
                 as
                 to
                 the
                 out
                 side
                 )
                 in
                 greatness
                 ,
                 and
                 Colour
                 to
                 the
                 Laurel
                 Berries
                 ,
                 having
                 two
                 skins
                 very
                 thin
                 ,
                 they
                 say
                 they
                 are
                 brought
                 from
                 the
                 Indies
                 ,
                 't
                 is
                 athing
                 of
                 small
                 price
                 amongst
                 them
                 .
                 There
                 is
                 observed
                 to
                 be
                 two
                 yellow
                 Grains
                 within
                 ,
                 which
                 have
                 each
                 of
                 them
                 their
                 little
                 several
                 partition
                 ▪
                 and
                 resembles
                 in
                 Colour
                 ,
                 Name
                 ,
                 and
                 quality
                 ,
                 the
                 Bancha
                 of
                 Avicenne
                 or
                 the
                 Buncha
                 of
                 Rases
                 .
                 And
                 for
                 my
                 part
                 I
                 shall
                 think
                 it
                 to
                 be
                 the
                 same
                 thing
                 till
                 the
                 Learned
                 shall
                 better
                 inform
                 me
                 ,
                 this
                 drink
                 is
                 very
                 frequent
                 amongst
                 them
                 ,
                 for
                 which
                 cause
                 there
                 be
                 very
                 many
                 of
                 them
                 that
                 sell
                 it
                 in
                 publick
                 Shops
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 great
                 many
                 trade
                 abroad
                 with
                 this
                 Fruit
                 in
                 houses
                 of
                 entertainment
                 .
                 They
                 count
                 it
                 as
                 wholsome
                 as
                 we
                 do
                 our
                 wormwood
                 Wine
                 or
                 other
                 Physical
                 drinks
              
               
                 At
                 Amsterdam
                 this
                 drink
                 is
                 sold
                 with
                 great
                 commendation
                 of
                 the
                 publick
                 ,
                 for
                 it
                 preserves
                 the
                 radical
                 moistness
                 ,
                 strengthens
                 the
                 Stomach
                 ,
                 cures
                 sore
                 eyes
                 ,
                 pain
                 in
                 the
                 Head
                 ,
                 
                 Catharrs
                 ,
                 Palsie
                 ,
                 Gout
                 ,
                 the
                 Dropsie
                 ,
                 't
                 is
                 good
                 against
                 the
                 Scurvy
                 ,
                 breaks
                 the
                 Stone
                 ,
                 and
                 eases
                 women
                 with
                 Child
                 .
                 Monsieur
                 
                   Simon
                   Pauli
                
                 an
                 eminent
                 Physician
                 does
                 altogether
                 condemn
                 the
                 use
                 of
                 Coffee
                 ,
                 in
                 a
                 Treatise
                 concerning
                 the
                 abuse
                 of
                 Tobacco
                 and
                 Tea
                 ,
                 for
                 as
                 much
                 as
                 it
                 effeminates
                 both
                 the
                 body
                 and
                 understanding
                 ,
                 which
                 yet
                 it
                 does
                 not
                 by
                 cooling
                 it
                 too
                 much
                 ,
                 but
                 because
                 it
                 insensibly
                 dries
                 by
                 reason
                 of
                 its
                 natural
                 Sulphure
                 wherewith
                 it
                 abounds
                 as
                 well
                 as
                 Tobacco
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 
                   Agnus
                   Castus
                
                 ,
                 or
                 Park-leaves
                 ,
                 but
                 we
                 ought
                 to
                 interpret
                 what
                 this
                 Learned
                 man
                 says
                 of
                 the
                 abuse
                 ,
                 and
                 not
                 of
                 the
                 right
                 usage
                 of
                 Coffee
                 ,
                 otherwise
                 one
                 may
                 as
                 well
                 forbid
                 the
                 use
                 of
                 
                   Rhubard
                   ,
                   China
                   ,
                   Sassafras
                
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 Drugs
                 which
                 grow
                 out
                 of
                 Europe
                 .
              
               
                 For
                 my
                 part
                 I
                 do
                 no
                 less
                 blame
                 the
                 abuse
                 of
                 Coffee
                 ,
                 than
                 that
                 of
                 Wine
                 :
                 But
                 I
                 defend
                 the
                 lawful
                 use
                 thereof
                 ,
                 since
                 it
                 is
                 evident
                 that
                 many
                 find
                 this
                 drink
                 to
                 be
                 very
                 profitable
                 ,
                 taken
                 in
                 the
                 Morning
                 fasting
                 ,
                 with
                 a
                 little
                 Sugar
                 ,
                 in
                 a
                 moderate
                 quantity
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 very
                 good
                 purpose
                 ,
                 and
                 daily
                 
                 experience
                 shews
                 that
                 it
                 is
                 very
                 proper
                 to
                 cure
                 the
                 indispositions
                 of
                 the
                 Stomach
                 ,
                 stop
                 Fluxes
                 ,
                 and
                 fortifies
                 the
                 whole
                 body
                 .
                 If
                 all
                 those
                 that
                 make
                 use
                 of
                 Coffee
                 ,
                 did
                 it
                 through
                 a
                 principal
                 of
                 daintiness
                 and
                 nicety
                 ,
                 the
                 aforesaid
                 discourse
                 would
                 be
                 sufficient
                 to
                 satisfie
                 their
                 curiosities
                 ,
                 but
                 the
                 most
                 part
                 of
                 those
                 that
                 use
                 it
                 are
                 reduc't
                 thereto
                 by
                 necessity
                 ,
                 and
                 take
                 it
                 rather
                 as
                 a
                 Medicine
                 and
                 not
                 as
                 a
                 dainty
                 dish
                 :
                 I
                 thought
                 I
                 should
                 do
                 them
                 a
                 pleasure
                 to
                 add
                 hereto
                 these
                 following
                 remarks
                 on
                 the
                 same
                 Subject
                 ,
                 which
                 I
                 have
                 gathered
                 from
                 the
                 reading
                 of
                 some
                 particular
                 Voyages
                 ,
                 by
                 which
                 one
                 may
                 see
                 that
                 all
                 the
                 Authors
                 ,
                 who
                 have
                 treated
                 of
                 the
                 properties
                 of
                 this
                 sort
                 of
                 Bean
                 ,
                 are
                 agreed
                 in
                 the
                 same
                 opinion
                 ,
                 that
                 it
                 is
                 most
                 excellent
                 in
                 the
                 curing
                 of
                 several
                 indispositions
                 ,
                 and
                 most
                 especially
                 for
                 those
                 which
                 trouble
                 the
                 head
                 or
                 Stomach
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Fietro
                   Del
                   Lavallè
                
                 an
                 Italian
                 Gentleman
                 Sirnamed
                 the
                 illustrious
                 Traveller
                 ,
                 speaks
                 in
                 two
                 several
                 places
                 of
                 his
                 Book
                 concerning
                 Coffee
                 ,
                 but
                 as
                 that
                 which
                 he
                 says
                 of
                 it
                 in
                 the
                 first
                 place
                 
                 is
                 not
                 very
                 considerable
                 ,
                 I
                 'le
                 pass
                 it
                 over
                 ,
                 and
                 only
                 insist
                 upon
                 his
                 second
                 remark
                 of
                 Coffee
                 ,
                 wherein
                 speaking
                 of
                 the
                 Turkish
                 Liquors
                 ,
                 he
                 utters
                 his
                 mind
                 in
                 these
                 Terms
                 .
                 The
                 Turks
                 have
                 a
                 Drink
                 of
                 a
                 black
                 Colour
                 ,
                 which
                 during
                 the
                 Summer
                 is
                 very
                 cooling
                 ,
                 whereas
                 in
                 the
                 Winter
                 it
                 mightily
                 heats
                 and
                 warms
                 the
                 Body
                 ,
                 yet
                 without
                 changing
                 the
                 substance
                 ,
                 and
                 always
                 continuing
                 the
                 same
                 drink
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 swallow
                 hot
                 as
                 it
                 comes
                 from
                 the
                 Fire
                 ,
                 and
                 they
                 drink
                 it
                 at
                 long
                 draughts
                 ,
                 not
                 at
                 dinner
                 time
                 ,
                 but
                 as
                 a
                 kind
                 of
                 dainty
                 ,
                 and
                 as
                 it
                 were
                 to
                 please
                 their
                 palate
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 entertain
                 themselves
                 at
                 their
                 case
                 in
                 the
                 Company
                 of
                 their
                 friends
                 ,
                 and
                 one
                 cannot
                 find
                 any
                 meetings
                 amongst
                 them
                 where
                 they
                 drink
                 it
                 not
                 .
                 For
                 which
                 end
                 they
                 keep
                 a
                 great
                 fire
                 on
                 purpose
                 ,
                 near
                 which
                 they
                 keep
                 always
                 ready
                 little
                 Porringers
                 of
                 Porcelain
                 filled
                 with
                 this
                 mixture
                 ;
                 and
                 when
                 that
                 is
                 hot
                 enough
                 ,
                 there
                 be
                 Servants
                 appoint●d
                 for
                 this
                 end
                 ,
                 who
                 do
                 nothing
                 els●
                 but
                 carry
                 these
                 Porringers
                 to
                 each
                 man
                 in
                 the
                 Company
                 ,
                 as
                 hot
                 
                 as
                 they
                 can
                 ,
                 giving
                 them
                 also
                 some
                 Melon
                 seed
                 to
                 chew
                 ,
                 for
                 the
                 better
                 passing
                 away
                 the
                 time
                 ;
                 and
                 with
                 this
                 Seed
                 and
                 this
                 Drink
                 ,
                 which
                 they
                 call
                 Cahue
                 ,
                 they
                 divert
                 themselves
                 in
                 their
                 Conversations
                 ,
                 in
                 publick
                 Feasts
                 or
                 particular
                 Recreations
                 ,
                 sometimes
                 the
                 space
                 of
                 seven
                 or
                 eight
                 hours
                 .
                 I
                 drank
                 of
                 it
                 last
                 Summer
                 ,
                 as
                 a
                 refreshment
                 ,
                 with
                 Melon
                 Seed
                 ,
                 and
                 satisfaction
                 enough
                 ;
                 I
                 remember
                 I
                 have
                 read
                 somewhere
                 that
                 the
                 Antients
                 did
                 likewise
                 use
                 such
                 sorts
                 of
                 Liqours
                 ,
                 and
                 if
                 that
                 be
                 true
                 ,
                 there
                 is
                 a
                 great
                 deal
                 of
                 likely-hood
                 that
                 it
                 is
                 was
                 the
                 same
                 thing
                 :
                 Because
                 that
                 in
                 many
                 other
                 fashions
                 ,
                 as
                 well
                 of
                 this
                 Country
                 as
                 abroad
                 amongst
                 Forreigners
                 ,
                 I
                 find
                 every
                 day
                 some
                 foot-steps
                 and
                 remainders
                 of
                 Antiquity
                 .
                 This
                 Drink
                 ,
                 as
                 I
                 remember
                 ,
                 is
                 made
                 with
                 the
                 grain
                 or
                 Fruit
                 of
                 a
                 certain
                 Tree
                 ,
                 which
                 grows
                 in
                 Arabia
                 towards
                 Mecca
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 fruit
                 it
                 produces
                 is
                 called
                 Cahue
                 ,
                 whence
                 this
                 Drink
                 derives
                 its
                 Name
                 ,
                 't
                 is
                 of
                 ●n
                 oval
                 shape
                 ,
                 of
                 the
                 same
                 bigness
                 as
                 a
                 middle-sized
                 Olive
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 make
                 this
                 composition
                 they
                 take
                 sometimes
                 
                 no
                 more
                 than
                 the
                 skin
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 tender
                 ,
                 sometimes
                 only
                 the
                 Kernel
                 which
                 is
                 like
                 to
                 beans
                 ;
                 and
                 they
                 are
                 of
                 an
                 opinion
                 ,
                 that
                 of
                 these
                 two
                 juices
                 ,
                 the
                 one
                 heats
                 the
                 to'ther
                 cools
                 ,
                 but
                 I
                 cannot
                 well
                 call
                 to
                 mind
                 whether
                 the
                 refreshing
                 is
                 that
                 of
                 the
                 skin
                 or
                 the
                 other
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 way
                 to
                 make
                 the
                 Drink
                 thereof
                 ,
                 is
                 thus
                 :
                 They
                 burn
                 the
                 skin
                 or
                 Kernel
                 of
                 this
                 fruit
                 as
                 it
                 best
                 pleases
                 their
                 fancy
                 or
                 palate
                 ,
                 and
                 they
                 beat
                 it
                 to
                 a
                 powder
                 very
                 fine
                 ,
                 of
                 a
                 blackish
                 Colour
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 not
                 very
                 pleasant
                 to
                 the
                 eye-sight
                 ;
                 this
                 Powder
                 will
                 keep
                 a
                 long
                 time
                 ,
                 and
                 is
                 always
                 to
                 be
                 found
                 in
                 the
                 Drugsters
                 Shops
                 .
                 When
                 they
                 would
                 drink
                 thereof
                 they
                 boyl
                 it
                 in
                 Water
                 in
                 certain
                 pots
                 made
                 on
                 purpose
                 ,
                 having
                 a
                 long
                 and
                 slender
                 pipe
                 to
                 pour
                 it
                 readily
                 into
                 the
                 little
                 Porringers
                 ,
                 and
                 when
                 the
                 Water
                 has
                 boiled
                 enough
                 ,
                 they
                 put
                 therein
                 such
                 a
                 quantity
                 of
                 this
                 powder
                 ,
                 according
                 to
                 the
                 number
                 of
                 people
                 that
                 are
                 to
                 drink
                 of
                 it
                 :
                 they
                 let
                 this
                 powder
                 boyl
                 with
                 the
                 Water
                 sometime
                 until
                 it
                 sha●
                 have
                 lost
                 its
                 bitter
                 taste
                 ,
                 which
                 it
                 wou●●
                 
                 always
                 keep
                 without
                 a
                 perfect
                 boyling
                 .
                 Afterwards
                 they
                 pour
                 out
                 this
                 Liqour
                 to
                 be
                 drunk
                 as
                 hot
                 as
                 the
                 Moath
                 and
                 Throat
                 can
                 endure
                 it
                 ,
                 not
                 suffering
                 themselves
                 to
                 swallow
                 it
                 but
                 by
                 little
                 and
                 little
                 ,
                 and
                 at
                 several
                 times
                 ,
                 because
                 of
                 its
                 actual
                 heat
                 :
                 and
                 after
                 it
                 has
                 taken
                 the
                 taste
                 and
                 colour
                 of
                 this
                 powder
                 ,
                 whereof
                 the
                 thick
                 sinks
                 down
                 and
                 remains
                 at
                 the
                 bottom
                 of
                 the
                 Pot
                 ,
                 to
                 make
                 use
                 of
                 it
                 more
                 deliciously
                 ,
                 they
                 mingle
                 with
                 this
                 powder
                 of
                 Cahue
                 ,
                 much
                 Sugar
                 ,
                 Cinnamon
                 ,
                 and
                 Cloves
                 well
                 beaten
                 ,
                 which
                 gives
                 it
                 an
                 exquisite
                 taste
                 ,
                 and
                 makes
                 it
                 much
                 more
                 nourishing
                 .
                 But
                 yet
                 without
                 these
                 dainties
                 this
                 drink
                 it
                 agreeable
                 enough
                 to
                 the
                 taste
                 with
                 the
                 powder
                 of
                 Cahue
                 alone
                 ;
                 and
                 if
                 you
                 will
                 believe
                 them
                 it
                 contributes
                 notably
                 to
                 the
                 health
                 ,
                 helping
                 digestion
                 ,
                 fortifying
                 the
                 Stomach
                 ,
                 stopping
                 Rheums
                 and
                 Catharrs
                 :
                 These
                 are
                 very
                 good
                 qualities
                 if
                 they
                 be
                 effectual
                 .
                 They
                 also
                 say
                 that
                 after
                 Supper
                 it
                 hinders
                 drowsiness
                 ,
                 and
                 for
                 that
                 reason
                 those
                 that
                 would
                 study
                 by
                 Night
                 do
                 then
                 drink
                 thereof
                 .
                 There
                 is
                 sold
                 here
                 by
                 retail
                 so
                 great
                 
                 a
                 quantity
                 of
                 it
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 say
                 the●
                 impost
                 upon
                 Cahue
                 ,
                 amounts
                 to
                 a
                 considerable
                 sum
                 to
                 the
                 Grand
                 Seignours
                 profit
                 :
                 When
                 I
                 return
                 I
                 will
                 bring
                 some
                 of
                 it
                 with
                 me
                 ,
                 and
                 I
                 will
                 impart
                 the
                 Knowledge
                 of
                 this
                 simple
                 to
                 the
                 Italians
                 ,
                 which
                 perhaps
                 at
                 present
                 is
                 altogether
                 unknown
                 to
                 them
                 .
                 If
                 they
                 should
                 drink
                 it
                 with
                 Wine
                 as
                 they
                 do
                 with
                 Water
                 ,
                 I
                 durst
                 say
                 it
                 would
                 be
                 the
                 Nepenthe
                 that
                 Homer
                 mentions
                 ,
                 which
                 Helen
                 drunk
                 there
                 ,
                 it
                 being
                 for
                 certain
                 that
                 Cahue
                 is
                 brought
                 hither
                 from
                 that
                 Country
                 :
                 And
                 as
                 this
                 Nepenthe
                 was
                 a
                 charm
                 against
                 cares
                 and
                 vexations
                 ,
                 the
                 same
                 Cahue
                 to
                 this
                 day
                 is
                 used
                 amongst
                 the
                 Turks
                 as
                 an
                 entertainment
                 and
                 past-time
                 ,
                 making
                 the
                 hours
                 to
                 slip
                 away
                 merrily
                 in
                 conversation
                 ,
                 intermingling
                 with
                 their
                 drink
                 several
                 pleasant
                 and
                 recreative
                 discourses
                 ,
                 which
                 unawares
                 brings
                 upon
                 their
                 mind
                 this
                 forgetfulness
                 of
                 sorrows
                 which
                 the
                 Poet
                 attributes
                 to
                 his
                 Nepenthe
                 .
              
               
                 Thevenot
                 in
                 a
                 Relation
                 which
                 he
                 has
                 published
                 of
                 a
                 Voyage
                 into
                 the
                 Levant
                 set
                 a
                 particular
                 Chapter
                 apart
                 
                 which
                 he
                 imployes
                 in
                 describing
                 the
                 Victuals
                 ,
                 Drink
                 ,
                 and
                 Lodging
                 of
                 the
                 Turks
                 ,
                 and
                 after
                 having
                 mentioned
                 their
                 other
                 Liqours
                 ,
                 speaks
                 thus
                 ;
              
               
                 The
                 Turks
                 have
                 another
                 drink
                 very
                 common
                 amongst
                 them
                 which
                 they
                 call
                 Cahue
                 ;
                 whereof
                 they
                 make
                 use
                 every
                 hour
                 in
                 the
                 day
                 .
                 This
                 drink
                 is
                 made
                 of
                 a
                 grain
                 whereof
                 we
                 will
                 speak
                 by
                 and
                 by
                 .
                 They
                 roast
                 it
                 in
                 a
                 pan
                 ,
                 or
                 any
                 other
                 utensil
                 upon
                 the
                 fire
                 ,
                 afterward
                 they
                 peel
                 it
                 ,
                 and
                 beat
                 it
                 into
                 powder
                 very
                 fine
                 ,
                 and
                 when
                 they
                 would
                 drink
                 thereof
                 ,
                 they
                 take
                 a
                 brazen
                 pot
                 made
                 purposely
                 which
                 they
                 call
                 Ibrik
                 ,
                 and
                 having
                 fill'd
                 it
                 with
                 water
                 ,
                 thy
                 boyl
                 it
                 ,
                 and
                 when
                 it
                 boyls
                 they
                 put
                 of
                 this
                 powder
                 therein
                 ,
                 for
                 about
                 two
                 cups
                 of
                 water
                 one
                 spoonfull
                 ,
                 and
                 when
                 that
                 is
                 boyled
                 they
                 take
                 it
                 quickly
                 from
                 the
                 fire
                 ,
                 or
                 remove
                 it
                 ,
                 otherwise
                 it
                 would
                 boyl
                 over
                 ,
                 for
                 it
                 rises
                 quickly
                 ,
                 when
                 it
                 has
                 thus
                 had
                 ten
                 or
                 twelve
                 boylings
                 ,
                 they
                 pour
                 it
                 into
                 little
                 dishes
                 of
                 Porcelain
                 ,
                 set
                 in
                 rank
                 on
                 a
                 Trencher
                 of
                 painted
                 wood
                 ,
                 they
                 bring
                 it
                 you
                 boyling
                 hot
                 ,
                 and
                 it
                 
                 must
                 be
                 so
                 drunk
                 ,
                 but
                 at
                 several
                 times
                 ,
                 otherwise
                 it
                 is
                 not
                 good
                 .
              
               
                 This
                 Liqour
                 is
                 black
                 and
                 bitter
                 ;
                 and
                 smells
                 a
                 little
                 of
                 the
                 burnt
                 too
                 ,
                 every
                 one
                 drinks
                 it
                 by
                 little
                 and
                 little
                 ,
                 for
                 fear
                 of
                 scalding
                 their
                 mouths
                 ,
                 so
                 that
                 being
                 in
                 a
                 Cavehane
                 (
                 for
                 so
                 they
                 name
                 the
                 places
                 where
                 't
                 is
                 sold
                 ready
                 made
                 )
                 one
                 may
                 receive
                 a
                 kind
                 of
                 musick
                 and
                 divertisement
                 by
                 hearing
                 the
                 noise
                 that
                 every
                 one
                 makes
                 in
                 sipping
                 .
                 This
                 drink
                 is
                 good
                 to
                 hinder
                 the
                 fumes
                 which
                 rise
                 from
                 the
                 stomach
                 into
                 the
                 head
                 ,
                 and
                 by
                 consequence
                 to
                 cure
                 the
                 indisposition
                 thereof
                 ,
                 and
                 for
                 the
                 same
                 reason
                 't
                 is
                 good
                 against
                 sleeping
                 .
                 When
                 our
                 French
                 Merchants
                 have
                 a
                 great
                 many
                 Letters
                 to
                 write
                 ,
                 and
                 intend
                 to
                 labour
                 all
                 night
                 ,
                 they
                 take
                 in
                 the
                 evening
                 a
                 dish
                 or
                 two
                 of
                 this
                 Cahue
                 ,
                 it
                 is
                 good
                 also
                 to
                 comfort
                 the
                 stomach
                 and
                 help
                 disgestion
                 ;
                 in
                 a
                 word
                 if
                 you
                 will
                 beleive
                 the
                 Turks
                 't
                 is
                 good
                 against
                 all
                 indispositions
                 whatever
                 ,
                 and
                 assuredly
                 it
                 has
                 at
                 the
                 least
                 as
                 much
                 virtue
                 in
                 it
                 ,
                 as
                 is
                 appropriated
                 to
                 Tea
                 .
                 For
                 the
                 taste
                 ,
                 in
                 drinking
                 thereof
                 
                 once
                 or
                 twice
                 ,
                 one
                 may
                 easily
                 accustom
                 ones
                 self
                 to
                 it
                 ,
                 and
                 it
                 will
                 no
                 longer
                 seem
                 unpleasant
                 ;
                 there
                 be
                 some
                 that
                 mix
                 therewith
                 Cloves
                 and
                 a
                 few
                 grains
                 of
                 Cardamome
                 ,
                 called
                 in
                 Latin
                 
                   Cardamomum
                   minus
                
                 ,
                 which
                 they
                 name
                 Cacoule
                 ;
                 others
                 put
                 thereto
                 Sugar
                 ,
                 but
                 this
                 mixture
                 which
                 makes
                 it
                 more
                 pleasant
                 renders
                 it
                 less
                 wholesom
                 and
                 profitable
                 :
                 they
                 drink
                 a
                 vast
                 quantity
                 thereof
                 in
                 the
                 Turkish
                 Country
                 ;
                 there
                 is
                 neither
                 rich
                 nor
                 poor
                 that
                 drinks
                 less
                 than
                 two
                 or
                 three
                 cups
                 a
                 day
                 ,
                 and
                 't
                 is
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 things
                 wherewith
                 the
                 husband
                 is
                 obliged
                 to
                 furnish
                 his
                 Wife
                 .
                 There
                 be
                 many
                 publick
                 Taverns
                 of
                 Cahue
                 where
                 they
                 boyl
                 it
                 in
                 great
                 Kettles
                 ;
                 in
                 these
                 places
                 all
                 sort
                 of
                 people
                 may
                 come
                 ,
                 without
                 distinction
                 of
                 Religion
                 or
                 quality
                 ,
                 and
                 't
                 is
                 no
                 shame
                 to
                 frequent
                 these
                 places
                 ,
                 since
                 many
                 go
                 only
                 to
                 recreate
                 themselves
                 ;
                 there
                 be
                 also
                 without
                 the
                 house
                 ,
                 Walls
                 with
                 Mats
                 on
                 them
                 ,
                 where
                 those
                 that
                 will
                 may
                 sit
                 and
                 see
                 all
                 that
                 pass
                 by
                 ,
                 and
                 take
                 the
                 air
                 ,
                 and
                 there
                 are
                 some
                 that
                 play
                 on
                 the
                 Violin
                 ,
                 Flute
                 and
                 other
                 Musick
                 ,
                 who
                 are
                 hired
                 by
                 the
                 
                 Master
                 of
                 the
                 Cavehane
                 to
                 play
                 and
                 sing
                 the
                 best
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 day
                 ,
                 to
                 bring
                 company
                 together
                 .
                 When
                 anyone
                 that
                 has
                 any
                 breeding
                 sees
                 another
                 of
                 his
                 acquaintance
                 come
                 into
                 the
                 Cavehane
                 he
                 will
                 order
                 the
                 Master
                 not
                 to
                 take
                 their
                 mony
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 by
                 one
                 only
                 word
                 ,
                 for
                 when
                 the
                 Cahue
                 is
                 given
                 them
                 he
                 Cries
                 Giaba
                 ,
                 that
                 is
                 ,
                 Gratis
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Monsieur
                   de
                   Bourges
                
                 in
                 the
                 account
                 he
                 gives
                 of
                 the
                 Voyage
                 of
                 the
                 Bishop
                 of
                 Beryte
                 to
                 Cochinchina
                 ,
                 reckoning
                 up
                 the
                 incommodities
                 they
                 underwent
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 march
                 of
                 the
                 Caravan
                 through
                 the
                 Desert
                 ,
                 sets
                 down
                 ,
                 as
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 most
                 insupportable
                 ,
                 the
                 want
                 of
                 water
                 ,
                 which
                 they
                 were
                 put
                 to
                 much
                 trouble
                 to
                 find
                 ,
                 and
                 oftentimes
                 they
                 were
                 forc'd
                 to
                 use
                 corrupted
                 water
                 .
                 Whereupon
                 he
                 sayes
                 ,
              
               
                 As
                 the
                 water
                 which
                 they
                 meet
                 with
                 is
                 commonly
                 naught
                 ,
                 putryfied
                 ,
                 to
                 correct
                 the
                 indisposition
                 which
                 it
                 causes
                 in
                 the
                 stomach
                 ,
                 the
                 Turks
                 take
                 a
                 drink
                 ,
                 called
                 Coffee
                 ,
                 which
                 begins
                 to
                 be
                 used
                 by
                 the
                 Europeans
                 .
                 This
                 drink
                 is
                 made
                 of
                 a
                 little
                 Bean
                 which
                 grows
                 in
                 Arabia
                 near
                 Mecca
                 in
                 such
                 abundance
                 ,
                 that
                 it
                 is
                 transported
                 into
                 
                 all
                 Asia
                 ,
                 and
                 almost
                 all
                 the
                 places
                 where
                 there
                 be
                 
                   Mahometans
                   ▪
                
                 who
                 make
                 use
                 of
                 this
                 drink
                 instead
                 of
                 Wine
                 ,
                 whereas
                 it
                 sufficiently
                 imitates
                 the
                 effects
                 ,
                 having
                 the
                 property
                 to
                 fortifie
                 the
                 stomach
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 make
                 easie
                 the
                 digestion
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 purifie
                 the
                 vapours
                 of
                 the
                 Head.
                 They
                 roast
                 this
                 Bean
                 in
                 a
                 pan
                 afterward
                 they
                 pound
                 it
                 in
                 a
                 Mortas
                 ,
                 after
                 having
                 separated
                 the
                 bran
                 by
                 a
                 fine
                 Sieve
                 ,
                 they
                 boyl
                 this
                 black
                 and
                 burnt
                 powder
                 in
                 water
                 a
                 little
                 while
                 ,
                 then
                 they
                 drink
                 it
                 as
                 hot
                 as
                 they
                 can
                 ,
                 though
                 this
                 Liqour
                 has
                 not
                 an
                 agreable
                 taste
                 ,
                 but
                 rather
                 bitter
                 ,
                 yet
                 it
                 is
                 much
                 esteem'd
                 of
                 by
                 these
                 people
                 for
                 the
                 good
                 effects
                 they
                 find
                 therein
                 ;
                 which
                 manifests
                 the
                 care
                 God
                 has
                 to
                 furnish
                 all
                 Countryes
                 with
                 the
                 necessary
                 things
                 for
                 the
                 advantage
                 of
                 men
                 ,
                 and
                 there
                 is
                 no
                 doubt
                 but
                 that
                 there
                 be
                 other
                 plants
                 in
                 other
                 Countries
                 which
                 have
                 the
                 like
                 virtues
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 end
                 of
                 Coffee
                 .
              
            
          
        
         
      
       
         
           
             
             
             
               A
               NEW
               RELATION
               OF
               THE
               USE
               AND
               VERTUE
               OF
               TEA
               .
            
             
               LONDON
               ,
               Printed
               for
               
                 W.
                 Crook
              
               at
               the
               Sign
               of
               the
               
                 Green
                 Dragon
              
               without
               Temple-Bar
               .
               1685.
               
            
          
        
         
           
             
             
             
               OF
               THE
               USE
               OF
               TEA
               .
            
             
               AS
               I
               never
               yet
               met
               with
               any
               particular
               Discourse
               of
               Tea
               ,
               I
               am
               not
               able
               to
               afford
               to
               the
               Curious
               any
               other
               than
               these
               following
               remarks
               ,
               which
               though
               they
               are
               very
               concise
               ,
               yet
               are
               large
               enough
               to
               discover
               the
               miraculous
               qualities
               ,
               which
               the
               Divine
               Providence
               has
               imparted
               to
               this
               leaf
               ,
               in
               the
               cure
               of
               several
               indispositions
               ,
               which
               become
               but
               too
               often
               the
               subject
               of
               our
               griefs
               .
            
             
               The
               Author
               of
               the
               Book
               intituled
               ,
               
                 the
                 Embassy
                 of
                 the
                 Vnited
                 Provinces
                 to
                 the
                 Emperour
                 of
              
               China
               ,
               Printed
               at
               Leyden
               in
               the
               year
               1655.
               in
               
               the
               Description
               which
               he
               makes
               of
               the
               Empire
               ,
               Speaks
               thus
               of
               Tea
               ;
            
             
               The
               most
               excellent
               leaves
               of
               Cha
               or
               Tea
               ,
               are
               found
               in
               the
               Provinces
               of
               Kiangnon
               ,
               and
               specially
               near
               the
               City
               Hoeicheu
               ;
               this
               leaf
               is
               little
               ,
               and
               the
               Tree
               thereof
               is
               very
               like
               the
               shrub
               call'd
               by
               
                 Pliny
                 ,
                 Rhus
                 Coriarius
              
               ,
               or
               
                 Curriers
                 Sumack
              
               :
               I
               do
               almost
               beleive
               that
               this
               is
               a
               kind
               of
               the
               same
               ,
               however
               it
               is
               not
               a
               wild
               shrub
               ,
               but
               a
               garden
               Plant
               ;
               and
               further
               't
               is
               no
               tree
               but
               a
               shrub
               ,
               which
               spreads
               it self
               into
               divers
               little
               branches
               and
               pleasant
               boughs
               :
               Its
               flowers
               come
               very
               near
               to
               that
               of
               Sumack
               ,
               only
               this
               of
               Cha
               inclines
               more
               to
               a
               yellow
               ,
               it
               puts
               forth
               its
               first
               flower
               in
               Summer
               ,
               which
               does
               not
               give
               much
               scent
               ,
               and
               its
               green
               berry
               becomes
               blackish
               ,
               its
               branches
               are
               cover'd
               with
               white
               and
               yellow
               flowers
               jagg'd
               and
               pick'd
               from
               top
               to
               bottom
               .
            
             
               To
               make
               this
               drink
               of
               Cha
               so
               much
               esteem'd
               by
               the
               Indians
               ,
               they
               only
               look
               for
               the
               first
               leaf
               which
               comes
               forth
               in
               Spring
               ,
               which
               also
               is
               the
               most
               soft
               and
               delicate
               ,
               they
               gather
               it
               
               with
               great
               care
               the
               one
               after
               to'ther
               ,
               and
               separately
               ,
               afterwards
               they
               presently
               heat
               it
               a
               little
               while
               ,
               and
               softly
               ,
               on
               a
               gentle
               fire
               ,
               and
               wrap
               it
               in
               a
               very
               fine
               ,
               thin
               ,
               and
               smooth
               piece
               of
               Calico
               ,
               often
               stirring
               and
               rubbing
               it
               with
               the
               hands
               ,
               then
               they
               set
               it
               on
               the
               fire
               again
               ,
               being
               also
               wrapt
               up
               ,
               and
               turn'd
               ,
               and
               rub
               it
               the
               second
               time
               till
               it
               curls
               up
               together
               and
               becomes
               quite
               dry
               ,
               after
               which
               they
               pour
               it
               into
               tin
               boxes
               ,
               sealing
               and
               stopping
               it
               very
               close
               ,
               for
               fear
               the
               Spirits
               and
               the
               too
               subtil
               quallity
               ,
               should
               evaporate
               ,
               for
               after
               you
               have
               kept
               it
               a
               long
               while
               ,
               if
               you
               put
               it
               into
               boyling
               water
               it
               will
               retake
               its
               former
               verdure
               extending
               and
               spreading
               forth
               it self
               ;
               if
               it
               be
               good
               it
               leaves
               behind
               it
               in
               the
               Water
               a
               smell
               and
               taste
               very
               agreeable
               to
               the
               palate
               ,
               and
               withal
               a
               greenish
               colour
               .
               The
               Chinese
               praise
               it
               wonderfully
               ,
               and
               set
               a
               great
               value
               on
               the
               vertues
               and
               qualities
               of
               this
               drink
               ,
               for
               they
               use
               it
               Night
               and
               day
               ,
               and
               present
               it
               as
               a
               great
               rarity
               to
               those
               they
               would
               regal
               .
               Now
               there
               be
               so
               many
               several
               sorts
               ,
               and
               't
               is
               so
               different
               
               both
               of
               price
               and
               goodness
               ,
               that
               there
               is
               some
               ,
               a
               pound
               whereof
               is
               worth
               an
               hundred
               Franks
               and
               more
               ,
               another
               sort
               you
               may
               have
               for
               ten
               or
               a
               dozen
               Crowns
               ,
               others
               for
               two
               ,
               nay
               some
               so
               cheap
               ,
               that
               will
               cost
               but
               two
               farthings
               a
               pound
               .
               It
               has
               at
               the
               least
               this
               good
               quality
               to
               hinder
               the
               Gout
               ,
               and
               the
               Gravel
               in
               the
               kidneys
               ,
               if
               you
               drink
               of
               it
               after
               meals
               it
               takes
               away
               all
               indigestions
               and
               crudities
               of
               the
               Stomach
               ,
               above
               all
               it
               helps
               and
               facilitates
               digestion
               ,
               more
               especially
               it
               disintoxicates
               those
               that
               are
               fuddl'd
               ,
               giving
               them
               new
               forces
               ,
               and
               enabling
               them
               to
               go
               to
               it
               again
               ;
               because
               it
               eases
               the
               burden
               of
               those
               inconveniences
               which
               this
               brutal
               excess
               brings
               along
               with
               it
               ,
               by
               reason
               that
               it
               dries
               and
               cleanses
               all
               the
               superfluous
               and
               peccant
               humours
               ,
               and
               that
               〈◊〉
               disperses
               the
               vapours
               which
               cause
               sleep
               and
               overcome
               a
               man
               when
               he
               desires
               to
               be
               waking
               .
            
             
               The
               Chineses
               have
               given
               it
               divers
               names
               ,
               according
               to
               the
               diversity
               of
               the
               places
               where
               it
               grew
               ,
               and
               from
               its
               innate
               virtues
               ,
               as
               that
               of
               Hoeicheu
               is
               the
               best
               ,
               so
               they
               have
               named
               it
               
               SLUNGOCHA
               ,
               and
               sell
               it
               some
               times
               for
               150
               Franks
               the
               pound
               .
               It
               has
               a
               blackish
               seed
               ,
               which
               falling
               to
               the
               ground
               takes
               root
               ,
               and
               at
               the
               end
               of
               three
               years
               produces
               pritty
               little
               shrubs
               about
               the
               height
               of
               our
               goosberry
               bushes
               or
               Rose-trees
               ,
               whereof
               they
               gather
               every
               year
               a
               very
               considerable
               crop
               ,
               the
               snow
               and
               the
               hail
               not
               being
               able
               though
               never
               so
               rigorous
               to
               do
               them
               any
               hurt
               ,
               so
               that
               I
               am
               perswaded
               one
               might
               easily
               improve
               this
               plant
               in
               the
               Soil
               of
               Europe
               ,
               if
               its
               grain
               were
               sowed
               in
               some
               shady
               and
               fertill
               place
               .
            
             
               The
               Iapeneses
               prepare
               this
               drink
               quite
               after
               an
               other
               sort
               than
               the
               Chineses
               do
               ,
               for
               of
               its
               leaves
               they
               make
               a
               powder
               which
               they
               drink
               with
               hot
               water
               ,
               but
               the
               Chineses
               drink
               the
               boyling
               water
               in
               the
               which
               th●se
               leaves
               have
               been
               strayned
               ,
               and
               whereto
               they
               have
               contributed
               all
               their
               goodness
               .
            
             
               
                 Monsieur
                 de
                 Bourges
              
               ,
               in
               the
               Relation
               (
               which
               I
               have
               allready
               instanced
               ,
               )
               of
               the
               Voyage
               of
               the
               Bishop
               of
               Beryte
               to
               Cochinchina
               ,
               speaks
               thus
               .
            
             
               During
               our
               abode
               at
               Siam
               ,
               after
               our
               dinner
               ,
               which
               was
               usually
               of
               fish
               ,
               we
               drank
               some
               Tea
               ,
               which
               they
               take
               
               very
               hot
               with
               a
               little
               sugar
               ,
               we
               found
               it
               very
               wholsom
               ;
               and
               comparing
               the
               effects
               of
               this
               Tea
               with
               those
               of
               wine
               ,
               especially
               as
               they
               use
               it
               in
               this
               Country
               ,
               where
               the
               Stomach
               is
               weakned
               by
               the
               extream
               heat
               ,
               and
               its
               force
               is
               oppressed
               by
               the
               quality
               of
               the
               nourishment
               ,
               it
               is
               doubtfull
               which
               of
               these
               two
               may
               obtain
               the
               pre-eminence
               ,
               if
               not
               this
               leaf
               ;
               the
               use
               whereof
               is
               grown
               so
               common
               in
               those
               Countries
               ,
               it
               having
               many
               excellent
               properties
               ,
               the
               chief
               of
               which
               is
               to
               make
               one
               that
               is
               drunk
               become
               sober
               .
               Wherein
               't
               is
               very
               different
               from
               all
               other
               liqours
               whereof
               men
               make
               use
               ,
               which
               being
               drunk
               with
               excess
               ,
               either
               weaken
               or
               quite
               deprive
               them
               of
               their
               understanding
               ,
               whereas
               Tea
               fortifies
               ,
               and
               frees
               them
               from
               the
               vapours
               which
               hinder
               its
               effects
               .
            
             
               In
               the
               several
               Voyages
               of
               Father
               Alexander
               of
               Rhodes
               ,
               the
               thirteenth
               Chapter
               is
               wholly
               taken
               up
               ,
               in
               treating
               of
               Tea
               ,
               and
               reflecting
               on
               the
               advantages
               of
               the
               People
               of
               China
               .
               He
               says
               ,
               One
               of
               the
               things
               which
               in
               my
               opinion
               do
               very
               much
               contribute
               to
               the
               great
               health
               of
               this
               
               people
               ,
               which
               oftentimes
               appears
               to
               the
               very
               last
               ,
               in
               their
               old
               age
               ,
               is
               Tea
               ,
               whose
               use
               is
               exceeding
               common
               through
               all
               the
               East
               ,
               and
               begins
               to
               be
               known
               in
               some
               Countrys
               of
               Europe
               ,
               by
               the
               means
               of
               the
               Hollanders
               ,
               who
               bring
               it
               from
               China
               ,
               and
               sell
               it
               at
               Paris
               for
               thirty
               Franks
               the
               pound
               which
               they
               buy
               in
               this
               Country
               for
               eight
               pence
               or
               ten
               pence
               ,
               and
               yet
               I
               perceive
               that
               it
               is
               commonly
               very
               old
               and
               naughty
               .
               'T
               is
               thus
               that
               the
               French
               and
               English
               suffer
               strangers
               to
               enrich
               themselves
               in
               the
               East-India
               trade
               ,
               whence
               they
               might
               draw
               all
               the
               best
               commodities
               of
               the
               world
               ,
               if
               they
               had
               but
               the
               courage
               to
               undertake
               it
               as
               well
               as
               their
               neighbours
               ,
               who
               have
               less
               means
               to
               prosper
               therein
               then
               our
               own
               Country-men
               .
            
             
               Tea
               is
               a
               leaf
               ,
               as
               big
               ,
               as
               that
               of
               our
               Pomegranate
               tree
               ,
               it
               grows
               on
               little
               shrubs
               very
               much
               resembling
               the
               Myrtle
               Tree
               ,
               it
               is
               not
               to
               be
               purchased
               in
               any
               Country
               of
               the
               World
               ,
               but
               only
               in
               two
               Provinces
               of
               China
               where
               it
               grows
               ,
               one
               whereof
               is
               called
               Nanquin
               ,
               whence
               comes
               the
               best
               Tea
               ,
               which
               they
               name
               Cha
               ,
               the
               other
               
               is
               the
               Province
               of
               Chincheau
               ,
               in
               these
               two
               Provinces
               ,
               there
               is
               as
               much
               care
               taken
               in
               the
               Crop
               of
               this
               leaf
               as
               there
               is
               in
               our
               Vintages
               .
               It
               grows
               here
               in
               so
               great
               abundance
               ,
               that
               they
               have
               enough
               thereof
               to
               furnish
               the
               rest
               of
               
                 China
                 ,
                 Iapan
                 ,
                 Tunquin
                 ,
                 Cochinchina
                 ,
              
               and
               several
               other
               Kingdoms
               ,
               where
               they
               so
               ordinarily
               make
               use
               of
               Tea
               ,
               that
               those
               who
               drink
               it
               but
               three
               times
               a
               day
               ,
               are
               the
               most
               moderate
               ,
               others
               take
               of
               it
               ten
               or
               twelve
               times
               a
               day
               ,
               or
               to
               say
               better
               ,
               every
               hour
               .
            
             
               When
               this
               leaf
               is
               cropt
               ,
               they
               dry
               it
               well
               in
               an
               Oven
               ,
               then
               they
               put
               it
               into
               tin
               boxes
               ,
               which
               must
               be
               well
               shut
               ,
               for
               if
               it
               takes
               wind
               ,
               't
               is
               spoiled
               ,
               and
               has
               no
               more
               strength
               then
               dead
               leven
               .
               I
               leave
               to
               you
               to
               judge
               if
               the
               Hollanders
               take
               great
               care
               of
               that
               they
               sell
               into
               France
               .
               To
               know
               if
               the
               Tea
               be
               good
               ,
               you
               must
               see
               that
               it
               be
               very
               Green
               ,
               bitter
               ,
               and
               so
               dry
               as
               to
               be
               easily
               broken
               with
               the
               Finger
               ,
               if
               it
               is
               all
               thus
               ,
               't
               is
               good
               ,
               otherwise
               assure
               your self
               it
               is
               not
               worth
               much
               .
            
             
               The
               fashion
               of
               the
               Chineses
               when
               
               they
               make
               use
               of
               this
               Tea
               is
               to
               boyl
               some
               Water
               in
               a
               little
               pot
               very
               clean
               ,
               when
               it
               boyls
               well
               ,
               they
               take
               it
               from
               the
               fire
               ,
               and
               put
               therein
               ,
               so
               many
               leaves
               according
               to
               the
               proportion
               of
               Water
               ,
               that
               is
               to
               say
               into
               a
               good
               large
               glass
               of
               Water
               ,
               they
               put
               about
               an
               Ounce
               of
               Tea
               ,
               they
               Cover
               the
               pot
               well
               ,
               and
               when
               the
               leaf
               sinks
               to
               the
               bottom
               of
               the
               Water
               ,
               then
               is
               the
               time
               to
               drink
               it
               ,
               for
               't
               is
               then
               that
               the
               Tea
               Communicates
               its
               vertue
               to
               the
               Water
               ,
               giving
               it
               a
               reddish
               dye
               ,
               they
               drink
               it
               as
               hot
               as
               they
               can
               ,
               for
               if
               it
               should
               cool
               it
               would
               be
               good
               for
               nothing
               ,
               the
               same
               leaf
               which
               tarries
               at
               the
               Bottom
               of
               the
               pot
               will
               serve
               a
               second
               or
               third
               time
               ,
               but
               then
               they
               boyl
               it
               with
               the
               water
               .
            
             
               The
               Iapeneses
               take
               it
               another
               way
               ,
               for
               they
               first
               beat
               the
               Tea
               to
               powder
               ,
               then
               they
               put
               it
               into
               boyling
               water
               and
               swallow
               it
               all
               together
               :
               I
               know
               not
               whether
               this
               way
               of
               taking
               it
               be
               more
               wholsom
               then
               the
               former
               .
               I
               have
               made
               use
               of
               ,
               and
               always
               found
               that
               way
               of
               the
               Chineses
               to
               be
               exceeding
               good
               :
               both
               of
               them
               mingle
               a
               little
               sugar
               therewith
               to
               correct
               
               the
               bitterness
               of
               the
               Tea
               ,
               which
               nevertheless
               methinks
               is
               not
               so
               very
               unpleasant
               .
            
             
               There
               be
               three
               principal
               vertues
               in
               Tea
               ;
               the
               first
               of
               which
               is
               to
               cure
               and
               to
               hinder
               the
               pains
               of
               the
               head
               ;
               for
               my
               part
               ,
               when
               I
               had
               the
               Megrime
               ,
               in
               taking
               of
               this
               Tea
               ,
               I
               found
               my self
               so
               very
               much
               eased
               and
               comforted
               that
               it
               drew
               out
               all
               the
               pain
               of
               my
               head
               :
               for
               the
               principal
               force
               of
               Tea
               is
               to
               abate
               and
               expell
               those
               gross
               vapours
               which
               ascending
               from
               the
               Stomach
               into
               the
               head
               do
               very
               much
               incommode
               us
               .
               If
               you
               take
               it
               after
               supper
               ,
               it
               commonly
               hinders
               sleep
               ,
               yet
               there
               be
               some
               who
               by
               drinking
               of
               Tea
               sleeps
               the
               better
               ,
               because
               allaying
               none
               but
               the
               most
               foggy
               vapours
               ,
               it
               leaves
               behind
               it
               those
               that
               do
               cheifly
               cause
               sleep
               .
               For
               my
               part
               I
               have
               experimented
               it
               often
               enough
               ,
               when
               I
               have
               been
               compelled
               to
               sit
               up
               all
               night
               about
               some
               extraordinary
               business
               ,
               I
               needed
               to
               do
               no
               more
               but
               to
               take
               some
               of
               this
               Tea
               when
               I
               perceived
               my self
               beginning
               to
               sleep
               ,
               and
               I
               could
               easily
               watch
               all
               night
               without
               winking
               ,
               and
               the
               next
               morning
               
               I
               was
               as
               fresh
               as
               if
               I
               had
               slept
               my
               ordinary
               time
               ;
               this
               I
               could
               do
               once
               a
               week
               without
               any
               trouble
               .
               I
               tried
               one
               time
               to
               continue
               waking
               six
               nights
               together
               .
               But
               the
               last
               night
               I
               found
               my self
               quite
               spent
               .
            
             
               Tea
               is
               not
               only
               good
               for
               the
               head
               ,
               but
               it
               has
               a
               marvellous
               force
               in
               easing
               the
               Stomach
               ,
               and
               helping
               digestion
               ,
               they
               drink
               it
               also
               ordinarily
               after
               dinner
               ;
               after
               supper
               not
               at
               all
               ,
               especially
               those
               that
               would
               sleep
               .
               The
               third
               thing
               for
               which
               Tea
               is
               good
               ,
               is
               to
               purge
               the
               reins
               of
               the
               Gout
               and
               Gravell
               ,
               and
               't
               is
               perhaps
               the
               true
               reason
               why
               these
               diseases
               are
               unknown
               in
               those
               Countries
               .
            
             
               I
               have
               the
               more
               enlarged
               my self
               on
               this
               discourse
               of
               Tea
               ,
               for
               since
               my
               abode
               in
               France
               I
               have
               had
               the
               honour
               to
               see
               some
               persons
               of
               great
               quality
               and
               of
               an
               illustrious
               merit
               ,
               (
               and
               upon
               whose
               lifes
               and
               healths
               the
               safety
               of
               France
               does
               almost
               depend
               ,
               )
               who
               make
               use
               thereof
               with
               good
               success
               ,
               and
               who
               have
               had
               the
               goodness
               to
               command
               me
               to
               teach
               them
               the
               nature
               and
               quality
               of
               this
               Drug
               ,
               the
               knowledge
               whereof
               I
               
               have
               gained
               by
               a
               thirty
               years
               experience
               .
            
             
               
                 Nicholas
                 Tulpius
              
               Physitian
               of
               Amsterdam
               ,
               in
               his
               Book
               of
               medicinal
               observations
               speaks
               thus
               .
               There
               is
               nothing
               more
               ordinary
               in
               the
               
                 East
                 Indies
              
               than
               the
               drink
               ,
               which
               is
               made
               of
               the
               decoction
               of
               a
               certain
               Plant
               ,
               called
               by
               the
               
                 Chineses
                 ,
                 Tea
              
               ,
               by
               the
               
                 Iapaneses
                 ,
                 Tchia
              
               ,
               whereof
               I
               shall
               make
               no
               difficulty
               to
               communicate
               to
               Posterity
               ,
               all
               the
               knowledge
               that
               has
               been
               imparted
               to
               me
               by
               those
               who
               hold
               the
               Soveraign
               authority
               in
               these
               Countries
               .
               As
               therefore
               the
               abovesaid
               Plant
               has
               leaves
               long
               picked
               ,
               and
               jagged
               round
               about
               ,
               so
               on
               the
               other
               side
               its
               root
               is
               full
               of
               strings
               ,
               and
               divided
               into
               two
               little
               partitions
               ,
               and
               does
               not
               grow
               only
               in
               China
               and
               Iapan
               ,
               but
               also
               in
               Chiam
               or
               Siam
               :
               moreover
               there
               is
               this
               difference
               ,
               the
               leaves
               of
               China
               are
               of
               a
               dark
               green
               something
               inclining
               to
               a
               black
               ,
               but
               those
               of
               Iapan
               ,
               are
               of
               a
               more
               pale
               and
               whitish
               green
               ,
               and
               of
               a
               more
               pleasant
               taste
               ,
               which
               is
               the
               very
               reason
               why
               the
               Tchia
               of
               Iapan
               is
               much
               more
               esteemed
               than
               the
               Tea
               of
               China
               ,
               so
               
               that
               it
               often
               happens
               ,
               that
               one
               only
               ●ound
               of
               Tchia
               is
               sold
               for
               100.
               
               French
               Livres
               .
               And
               indeed
               't
               is
               the
               common
               vogue
               and
               opinion
               of
               this
               Country
               ,
               that
               there
               is
               nothing
               more
               Soveraign
               then
               this
               plant
               ,
               as
               well
               for
               the
               prolonging
               of
               our
               days
               even
               to
               an
               extream
               old
               age
               ,
               as
               for
               dissipating
               all
               that
               may
               be
               an
               hindrance
               or
               obstacle
               to
               our
               health
               ,
               and
               that
               it
               not
               only
               renders
               the
               body
               more
               vigorous
               ,
               and
               preserves
               it
               from
               the
               pains
               of
               the
               Stone
               (
               to
               which
               there
               be
               none
               in
               these
               Countrys
               that
               are
               found
               subject
               )
               but
               which
               is
               more
               ,
               it
               cures
               all
               pains
               of
               the
               head
               ,
               Rheums
               ,
               and
               soreness
               of
               the
               eyes
               ,
               of
               the
               breast
               ,
               shortness
               of
               breath
               ,
               weakness
               of
               the
               Stomach
               ,
               Griping
               of
               the
               Guts
               ,
               weariness
               ,
               and
               it
               so
               evidently
               hinders
               sleep
               ,
               that
               those
               persons
               who
               drink
               of
               the
               said
               decoction
               pass
               sometimes
               whole
               nights
               without
               sleeping
               ,
               and
               overcome
               without
               any
               trouble
               ,
               or
               tediousness
               the
               necessity
               of
               sleep
               ,
               which
               otherwise
               were
               insupportable
               :
               for
               it
               heats
               moderately
               ,
               and
               contracts
               the
               upper
               orifice
               of
               the
               Stomach
               ,
               it
               retains
               and
               suppresses
               so
               well
               the
               vapours
               
               necessary
               in
               the
               creating
               sleep
               which
               rise
               from
               below
               ,
               that
               those
               who
               have
               a
               desire
               to
               spend
               th●
               whole
               night
               in
               writing
               ,
               or
               studying
               ▪
               do
               thereby
               find
               no
               manner
               of
               trouble
               or
               distrubance
               .
            
             
               Noreover
               it
               is
               very
               likely
               that
               thi●
               plant
               has
               not
               been
               long
               known
               to
               the
               Chineses
               themselves
               ,
               and
               that
               it
               has
               been
               in
               use
               amongst
               them
               but
               〈◊〉
               small
               time
               ,
               since
               they
               cannot
               find
               in
               their
               language
               any
               ancient
               word
               whereby
               to
               explain
               it
               ,
               and
               have
               not
               any
               hieroglyphick
               characters
               (
               such
               as
               are
               almost
               all
               the
               Letters
               of
               the
               Chineses
               )
               by
               the
               means
               whereof
               they
               might
               express
               its
               nature
               .
            
             
               As
               to
               the
               manner
               of
               using
               this
               Plant
               ,
               we
               must
               take
               notice
               that
               these
               nations
               are
               very
               different
               one
               from
               t'other
               in
               that
               matter
               .
               For
               the
               Iapaneses
               beat
               the
               same
               Plant
               to
               powder
               ,
               pounding
               it
               upon
               a
               marble
               stone
               ,
               and
               afterwards
               mingling
               it
               well
               with
               hot
               water
               :
               but
               the
               Chineses
               only
               boyl
               it
               in
               some
               liquor
               ,
               adding
               thereto
               a
               few
               grains
               either
               of
               Salt
               ,
               or
               Sugar
               ,
               which
               decoction
               ,
               as
               yet
               hot
               ,
               they
               present
               afterwards
               very
               courteously
               ,
               as
               well
               to
               
               those
               that
               being
               invited
               to
               dinner
               they
               treat
               at
               home
               ,
               as
               to
               them
               that
               come
               to
               render
               them
               a
               visit
               :
               This
               drink
               they
               make
               with
               so
               great
               care
               and
               so
               nice
               an
               application
               of
               their
               mind
               thereto
               ;
               even
               persons
               of
               the
               highest
               quality
               are
               not
               ashamed
               ,
               but
               on
               the
               contrary
               they
               take
               great
               pride
               to
               make
               with
               their
               own
               hands
               the
               decoction
               of
               this
               herb
               for
               their
               friends
               ,
               or
               at
               the
               least
               assist
               in
               the
               mingling
               thereof
               ,
               and
               preparing
               it
               as
               it
               ought
               to
               be
               ,
               having
               expresly
               for
               that
               purpose
               in
               the
               middle
               of
               their
               Palaces
               Rooms
               set
               apart
               ,
               wherein
               there
               are
               little
               Ovens
               made
               of
               the
               most
               precious
               stones
               ,
               and
               of
               most
               exquisite
               wood
               ,
               reserved
               particularly
               for
               the
               aforesaid
               preparation
               ,
               keeping
               ,
               also
               curiously
               in
               these
               Rooms
               the
               pots
               ,
               trivets
               ,
               funells
               ,
               bowls
               ,
               porringers
               ,
               and
               other
               vessells
               belonging
               to
               this
               sort
               of
               kitchin
               ,
               perfectly
               well
               wrought
               ,
               and
               on
               which
               they
               freely
               bestow
               some
               thousands
               of
               Crowns
               ,
               keeping
               them
               handsomly
               wrapt
               up
               and
               folded
               in
               peices
               of
               silk
               ,
               and
               not
               shewing
               them
               to
               any
               but
               their
               most
               intimate
               friends
               .
               They
               do
               also
               make
               as
               great
               
               account
               thereof
               as
               we
               do
               of
               our
               Diamonds
               ,
               pretious
               Stones
               ,
               Necklaces
               of
               pearls
               of
               the
               highest
               Price
               .
               As
               one
               may
               see
               more
               especially
               in
               several
               Authours
               that
               have
               written
               of
               the
               
                 East
                 Indies
              
               ,
               and
               more
               particulary
               of
               China
               and
               Iapan
               .
            
             
               The
               end
               of
               Tea
               .
            
          
        
         
      
       
         
           
             
             
               A
               Curious
               TREATISE
               OF
               THE
               NATURE
               and
               QUALITY
               OF
               CHOCOLATE
               .
               Divided
               into
               Four
               Parts
               .
               In
               the
               First
               whereof
               is
               declared
               ,
               what
               CHOCOLATE
               is
               ;
               and
               more
               particularly
               of
               the
               quality
               of
               CACAO
               ,
               and
               all
               the
               other
               Ingredients
               .
               In
               the
               Second
               is
               shewn
               the
               quality
               that
               results
               from
               that
               Composition
               .
               In
               the
               Third
               is
               taught
               how
               to
               make
               it
               ,
               and
               how
               many
               waies
               the
               West
               Indians
               use
               it
               ,
               and
               which
               of
               them
               is
               the
               most
               wholesome
               .
               The
               last
               part
               treats
               of
               the
               quantity
               thereof
               ,
               and
               how
               it
               must
               be
               taken
               ,
               and
               in
               what
               time
               ,
               and
               by
               what
               persons
               .
               By
               Antonio
               Colmenero
               de
               Ledesma
               ,
               
                 a
                 Spaniard
                 ,
                 Physician
                 and
                 Chyrurgion
                 of
                 the
                 City
                 of
              
               Ecija
               in
               Andaluzia
               .
            
             
               
                 Done
                 into
                 English
                 from
                 the
                 Original
                 Spanish
                 By
              
               J.
               CHAMBERLAINE
               .
            
             
               London
               ,
               Printed
               for
               
                 W.
                 Crook
              
               at
               the
               
                 Green
                 Dragon
              
               without
               
                 Temple
                 Bar
              
               ,
               1685.
               
            
          
           
             
             
             
               The
               Preface
               to
               the
               Reader
               .
            
             
               SO
               great
               is
               the
               number
               of
               those
               persons
               ,
               who
               at
               present
               do
               drink
               of
               Chocolate
               ,
               that
               not
               only
               in
               the
               
                 West
                 Indies
              
               ,
               whence
               this
               Drink
               has
               its
               Original
               and
               beginning
               ▪
               but
               also
               in
               
                 Spain
                 ,
                 Italy
                 ,
                 Flanders
                 ,
                 &c.
              
               it
               is
               very
               much
               used
               ,
               and
               especially
               in
               the
               Court
               of
               the
               King
               of
               Spain
               ;
               where
               the
               great
               Ladies
               drink
               it
               in
               a
               morning
               before
               they
               rise
               out
               of
               their
               beds
               ,
               and
               lately
               much
               used
               in
               England
               ,
               as
               Diet
               and
               Phisick
               with
               the
               Gentry
               .
               Yet
               there
               are
               several
               persons
               that
               stand
               in
               doubt
               both
               of
               the
               hurt
               and
               of
               the
               benefit
               ,
               which
               proceeds
               from
               the
               use
               thereof
               ;
               some
               saying
               ,
               that
               it
               obstructs
               and
               causes
               opilations
               ,
               others
               and
               those
               the
               most
               part
               ,
               that
               it
               fattens
               ,
               several
               assure
               us
               that
               it
               fortifies
               the
               Stomach
               :
               Some
               again
               that
               it
               heats
               and
               inflames
               the
               body
               :
               But
               very
               many
               stedfastly
               affirm
               ,
               that
               tho
               they
               shou'd
               drink
               it
               at
               all
               hours
               ,
               and
               that
               even
               in
               the
               Dog-days
               ,
               they
               find
               themselves
               very
               well
               
               after
               it
               :
               And
               therefore
               it
               does
               not
               seem
               needless
               to
               me
               to
               have
               undertaken
               this
               labour
               ,
               for
               the
               profit
               and
               content
               of
               the
               publick
               ,
               endeavouring
               to
               accommodate
               this
               Drink
               to
               every
               Mans
               liking
               ,
               according
               to
               the
               variety
               of
               things
               ,
               which
               may
               be
               mixt
               therewith
               ,
               to
               the
               end
               ,
               that
               every
               one
               may
               choose
               that
               which
               he
               shall
               find
               most
               agreeable
               towards
               the
               cure
               of
               his
               infirmities
               .
               I
               have
               not
               seen
               any
               thing
               of
               the
               like
               nature
               in
               Print
               afore
               ,
               unless
               that
               which
               a
               Physician
               of
               Merchend
               (
               a
               Town
               in
               Andaluzia
               )
               speaks
               thereof
               ,
               who
               judges
               the
               Chocolate
               to
               be
               obstructive
               ,
               because
               the
               Cacao
               is
               cold
               and
               dry
               ,
               and
               because
               this
               reason
               may
               not
               sufficiently
               avail
               with
               some
               persons
               (
               that
               are
               troubled
               with
               obstructions
               )
               to
               make
               them
               forbear
               the
               use
               thereof
               ,
               I
               think
               it
               fit
               to
               defend
               this
               mixture
               and
               composition
               by
               Philosophical
               Reasons
               against
               all
               those
               that
               would
               condemn
               so
               good
               and
               wholesom
               a
               Liquor
               .
            
          
        
         
           
             
             THE
             USE
             OF
             CHOCOLATE
             .
          
           
             
               The
               First
               Part.
               
            
             
               IN
               this
               first
               Division
               I
               affirm
               that
               Chocolate
               is
               a
               word
               of
               the
               Indians
               which
               vulgarly
               signifies
               no
               more
               than
               a
               cerain
               confection
               ,
               in
               the
               which
               besides
               the
               other
               simples
               and
               ingredients
               the
               Cacao
               Nut
               comes
               in
               as
               the
               princpal
               basis
               and
               foundation
               ;
               the
               Nature
               whereof
               first
               of
               all
               we
               must
               necessarily
               mention
               .
               Chocolate
               therefore
               ,
               or
               Chocolatl
               ,
               is
               an
               Indian
               word
               by
               which
               (
               as
               I
               said
               before
               )
               is
               meant
               a
               certain
               paste
               or
               mixture
               composed
               of
               very
               many
               drugs
               ,
               of
               which
               they
               take
               a
               certain
               portion
               to
               dissolve
               it
               in
               ordinary
               Water
               ,
               or
               any
               other
               Liquor
               that
               may
               serve
               
               instead
               of
               drink
               .
               This
               Drink
               is
               not
               common
               to
               all
               the
               Indians
               ,
               but
               only
               to
               those
               that
               inhabit
               the
               Northern
               America
               ;
               and
               namely
               to
               those
               that
               dwell
               in
               New
               Spain
               ,
               where
               grows
               the
               Cacao
               in
               great
               abundance
               ,
               which
               is
               the
               chiefest
               thing
               in
               this
               composition
               ,
               it
               is
               particularly
               used
               in
               Mexico
               ,
               whence
               it
               is
               transported
               into
               Europe
               ,
               to
               those
               places
               which
               hold
               great
               Commerce
               and
               correspondence
               with
               the
               Mexicans
               .
               I
               hold
               therefore
               ,
               with
               the
               common
               opinion
               of
               all
               the
               world
               ,
               that
               the
               Cacao
               is
               cold
               and
               dry
               ,
               according
               to
               the
               excess
               of
               its
               quality
               .
               Our
               Authour
               not
               speaking
               any
               thing
               concerning
               the
               Tree
               which
               bears
               the
               Cacao
               ,
               we
               are
               obliged
               to
               supply
               his
               over-sight
               ,
               by
               giving
               you
               a
               description
               thereof
               extracted
               from
               the
               works
               of
               
                 Francis
                 Ximenes
              
               ,
               in
               in
               his
               book
               intituled
               
                 Of
                 the
                 Nature
                 of
                 the
                 Plants
                 and
                 Animals
                 of
              
               New-Spain
               ,
               a
               Work
               very
               curious
               and
               very
               scarce
               ,
               which
               was
               printed
               not
               long
               since
               at
               Mexico
               .
               The
               Tree
               of
               the
               Cacao
               call'd
               Cucahuaguabuith
               (
               says
               he
               )
               is
               of
               the
               same
               bigness
               ,
               and
               has
               the
               same
               leaves
               tho
               something
               
               larger
               ,
               with
               the
               Orange
               Tree
               .
               Herrera
               compares
               them
               to
               those
               of
               the
               Chesnut
               Tree
               ,
               or
               for
               the
               better
               understanding
               it
               ,
               like
               our
               plumb
               trees
               ;
               its
               fruit
               is
               long
               ,
               and
               like
               a
               ,
               Melon
               or
               Pumpion
               ,
               but
               it
               is
               streakt
               ,
               chanelled
               ,
               and
               ruddy
               ,
               the
               which
               is
               named
               Cacahuaeinsh
               full
               of
               small
               Nuts
               call'd
               Cacao
               ,
               somthing
               less
               than
               an
               Almond
               ,
               but
               better
               cimented
               ,
               and
               of
               a
               good
               taste
               ,
               its
               Nuts
               are
               divided
               into
               two
               equal
               parts
               ,
               well
               compacted
               and
               close
               together
               .
               It
               is
               of
               a
               fine
               nourishment
               ,
               being
               of
               a
               middling
               taste
               between
               sweet
               and
               bitter
               ,
               its
               temperament
               something
               cold
               and
               moist
               ,
               There
               be
               four
               sorts
               of
               this
               Tree
               ,
               the
               first
               is
               called
               Cacahuaguahuitl
               ,
               which
               is
               the
               biggest
               of
               all
               ,
               and
               bears
               a
               great
               quantity
               of
               fruit
               .
               The
               second
               is
               called
               by
               the
               same
               name
               ,
               but
               of
               a
               middle
               size
               ,
               the
               leaves
               and
               fruit
               whereof
               is
               a
               great
               deal
               less
               .
               The
               third
               is
               named
               Xuchicacahuaguahuith
               ,
               less
               than
               t'other
               ,
               of
               which
               the
               fruit
               is
               redder
               on
               the
               outside
               ,
               within
               't
               is
               altogether
               like
               the
               others
               .
               The
               fourth
               sort
               is
               the
               least
               of
               all
               ,
               so
               it
               is
               term'd
               Tlalcacahuaguahuitl
               ,
               that
               is
               
               to
               say
               ,
               a
               little
               low
               Tree
               of
               Cacao
               ,
               the
               which
               bears
               a
               fruit
               less
               than
               all
               the
               rest
               ,
               although
               there
               is
               no
               difference
               between
               them
               as
               to
               the
               colour
               :
               Now
               all
               these
               fruits
               are
               of
               the
               same
               quality
               ,
               and
               of
               the
               same
               use
               ,
               although
               they
               make
               use
               of
               the
               last
               principally
               in
               drink
               ,
               the
               others
               serve
               rather
               for
               money
               and
               change
               .
               Moreover
               they
               were
               wont
               to
               Plant
               near
               the
               Tree
               which
               bears
               the
               Cacoa
               another
               Tree
               which
               they
               call
               Atlynam
               ,
               to
               the
               end
               that
               it
               may
               shade
               it
               and
               defend
               it
               from
               the
               heat
               and
               rays
               of
               the
               Sun
               ,
               besides
               which
               it
               is
               not
               good
               for
               any
               other
               use
               .
               He
               that
               will
               may
               see
               what
               is
               further
               spoken
               thereof
               in
               the
               Chronicles
               of
               America
               Printed
               at
               Francfort
               1602.
               
               In
               
                 Ioseph
                 Acosta
              
               in
               his
               general
               History
               of
               the
               Indies
               :
               In
               
                 Iean
                 Eusebe
                 de
                 Nuremberg
              
               ;
               and
               in
               Clusius
               of
               strange
               things
               .
               It
               is
               convenient
               to
               know
               for
               the
               intelligence
               of
               this
               thing
               ,
               that
               although
               it
               may
               be
               true
               that
               every
               Medicine
               ,
               as
               simple
               as
               't
               is
               ,
               possesses
               and
               keeps
               in
               it self
               the
               four
               qualities
               of
               the
               elements
               .
               Nevertheless
               from
               the
               acting
               and
               re-acting
               ,
               which
               they
               have
               one
               upon
               
               another
               ,
               there
               proceeds
               and
               results
               another
               quality
               distinct
               and
               different
               from
               these
               four
               former
               called
               Complexion
               or
               Temperement
               .
            
             
               This
               quality
               or
               Complexion
               which
               results
               from
               this
               mixture
               is
               not
               always
               the
               same
               ,
               neither
               is
               it
               of
               the
               same
               sort
               in
               all
               the
               mixt
               bodies
               :
               but
               it
               has
               nine
               kinds
               and
               differences
               ,
               to
               wit
               ,
               four
               simples
               ,
               which
               have
               one
               only
               Superiour
               quality
               ;
               four
               compound
               which
               have
               two
               predominant
               qualities
               ,
               but
               however
               which
               agree
               very
               well
               together
               ,
               and
               for
               that
               reason
               are
               called
               symbolizant
               ,
               and
               a
               ninth
               which
               the
               Philosophers
               call
               
                 ad
                 pondus
              
               ,
               as
               if
               one
               should
               say
               a
               temperament
               exactly
               equal
               ,
               when
               as
               all
               the
               aforesaid
               qualities
               are
               evenly
               poised
               ,
               that
               is
               equal
               in
               weight
               and
               in
               degree
               .
               The
               complexion
               and
               temperament
               of
               the
               Cacao
               is
               compounded
               of
               all
               these
               ,
               for
               it
               has
               two
               qualities
               to
               wit
               ,
               cold
               ,
               and
               dry
               ,
               which
               are
               Superiour
               ,
               and
               predominant
               ,
               the
               which
               render
               the
               body
               wherein
               they
               are
               found
               adstringent
               ,
               opilative
               ,
               and
               making
               obstructions
               ,
               from
               the
               terrestrial
               quality
               thereof
               ,
               but
               furthermore
               
               the
               Cacao
               being
               a
               mixt
               Body
               ,
               composed
               of
               the
               four
               Elements
               ,
               it
               ought
               necessarily
               to
               have
               some
               parts
               correspond
               ,
               and
               proportionable
               to
               all
               the
               elements
               ;
               and
               it
               has
               some
               particular
               parts
               ,
               and
               those
               not
               a
               few
               ,
               which
               correspondant
               with
               the
               element
               of
               the
               air
               ,
               which
               are
               the
               heat
               and
               moistness
               ,
               which
               qualities
               are
               found
               joyned
               with
               the
               buttery
               parts
               ,
               so
               that
               they
               draw
               from
               the
               Cacao
               a
               great
               quantity
               of
               butter
               ,
               which
               they
               use
               in
               making
               their
               faces
               shine
               ,
               which
               I
               have
               seen
               practic'd
               in
               the
               Indies
               by
               the
               Spanish
               Women
               born
               there
               ,
               who
               are
               call'd
               by
               the
               Spaniards
               Croillas
               .
            
             
               Against
               which
               one
               may
               make
               this
               Philosophical
               Objection
               :
               two
               contrary
               and
               disagreeing
               qualities
               ,
               cannot
               be
               found
               in
               the
               highest
               degree
               in
               the
               same
               Body
               ;
               as
               for
               Example
               ,
               the
               Cacao
               is
               cold
               and
               dry
               in
               the
               highest
               degree
               ,
               consequently
               therefore
               the
               Cacao
               cannot
               be
               hot
               and
               dry
               in
               the
               same
               degree
               ,
               which
               are
               contrary
               to
               cold
               and
               moisture
               .
               The
               first
               proposition
               is
               most
               certain
               ,
               and
               received
               in
               good
               Philosophy
               .
               The
               second
               is
               also
               agreed
               to
               by
               all
               the
               
               World
               ,
               therefore
               the
               conclusion
               is
               most
               true
               and
               certain
               .
            
             
               One
               cannot
               deny
               but
               this
               is
               a
               very
               strong
               argument
               ,
               and
               't
               is
               likely
               that
               these
               reasons
               being
               considered
               by
               that
               same
               Physitian
               of
               Merchena
               ,
               might
               induce
               him
               to
               affirm
               ,
               that
               Chocolate
               was
               obstructive
               ,
               for
               he
               thought
               it
               contrary
               to
               all
               Philosophy
               ,
               to
               say
               that
               the
               Cacao
               is
               hot
               and
               moist
               in
               the
               highest
               degree
               ,
               which
               is
               certainly
               believed
               to
               be
               cold
               and
               dry
               .
               But
               to
               this
               I
               answer
               two
               things
               ,
               the
               one
               is
               the
               small
               experience
               and
               knowledge
               this
               Physician
               had
               thereof
               ,
               having
               never
               seen
               them
               extract
               the
               great
               quantity
               of
               Butter
               from
               thence
               ;
               and
               that
               ,
               when
               they
               prepare
               the
               Chocolate
               ,
               without
               doing
               any
               thing
               to
               the
               powder
               of
               the
               Cacao
               ,
               but
               beating
               and
               pounding
               it
               sufficiently
               ,
               it
               becomes
               a
               part
               firm
               and
               well
               compacted
               ,
               which
               is
               a
               certain
               sign
               that
               it
               has
               within
               an
               oyly
               and
               viscuous
               matter
               ,
               which
               necessarily
               corresponds
               with
               the
               element
               of
               the
               air
               :
               The
               other
               Argument
               we
               shall
               draw
               from
               the
               very
               fountain
               of
               Philosophy
               ,
               wherein
               I
               shall
               demonstrate
               ,
               that
               in
               the
               Cacao
               
               are
               included
               different
               Substances
               ,
               in
               some
               of
               which
               ,
               to
               wit
               ,
               in
               those
               that
               are
               not
               so
               thick
               and
               gross
               ,
               there
               is
               a
               greater
               quantity
               of
               oyly
               and
               buttery
               than
               of
               earthy
               parts
               ,
               and
               in
               the
               condense
               and
               heavy
               parts
               there
               is
               a
               more
               earthy
               than
               oyly
               substance
               ;
               in
               the
               former
               heat
               and
               moisture
               are
               predominate
               ,
               the
               latter
               are
               accounted
               cold
               and
               dry
               .
            
             
               Yet
               it
               is
               hard
               to
               believe
               ,
               that
               one
               and
               the
               same
               substance
               ,
               and
               that
               so
               small
               as
               the
               Cacao
               is
               ,
               can
               contain
               two
               different
               qualities
               .
               Yet
               that
               this
               may
               appear
               more
               easie
               ,
               clear
               ,
               and
               evident
               ,
               we
               see
               it
               more
               especially
               in
               Rhubarb
               ,
               the
               which
               has
               some
               hot
               and
               purgative
               parts
               ;
               others
               cold
               ,
               dry
               ,
               and
               astringent
               ,
               which
               have
               the
               power
               to
               fortifie
               ,
               shorten
               ,
               and
               to
               stop
               the
               flux
               of
               the
               belly
               .
               Whosoever
               also
               shall
               see
               and
               consider
               the
               nature
               of
               Steel
               ,
               which
               is
               of
               an
               earthy
               quality
               ,
               heavy
               ,
               thick
               ,
               cold
               ,
               and
               dry
               ,
               will
               (
               methinks
               )
               hardly
               be
               induced
               to
               believe
               that
               it
               is
               good
               against
               obstructions
               ,
               but
               rather
               more
               fit
               to
               increase
               them
               ,
               and
               yet
               for
               all
               that
               the
               best
               Physitians
               do
               prescribe
               it
               as
               the
               chiefest
               remedy
               against
               them
               .
               
               This
               difficulty
               is
               resolved
               ;
               for
               supposing
               that
               Steel
               has
               several
               gross
               and
               earthy
               parts
               ,
               there
               be
               some
               Sulphureous
               ,
               and
               Mercurial
               ;
               whereby
               it
               is
               opening
               ,
               and
               takes
               away
               Obstructions
               .
               T
               is
               true
               ,
               that
               this
               does
               not
               appear
               ,
               but
               by
               means
               of
               the
               way
               and
               preparation
               thereof
               ,
               which
               is
               that
               in
               pounding
               ,
               grinding
               ,
               and
               beating
               it
               into
               a
               very
               fine
               powder
               ,
               its
               Sulphureous
               and
               Mercurial
               parts
               ,
               as
               being
               active
               subtil
               ,
               and
               incisive
               ,
               mingle
               themselves
               so
               perfectly
               and
               exactly
               with
               the
               terrestrial
               and
               astringent
               ,
               that
               being
               thus
               mingled
               the
               one
               with
               the
               other
               ,
               one
               cannot
               affirm
               that
               the
               Steel
               is
               astringent
               ,
               but
               rather
               that
               it
               is
               incisive
               ,
               attenuates
               ,
               and
               removes
               obstructions
               .
            
             
               We
               will
               prove
               this
               opinion
               by
               several
               Doctrines
               ,
               and
               first
               that
               of
               Galen
               ,
               who
               in
               the
               Third
               Book
               
                 Of
                 the
                 Faculties
                 of
                 simple
                 Drugs
                 ,
              
               in
               the
               14.
               chapter
               ,
               at
               the
               beginning
               thereof
               ;
               saith
               ,
               That
               all
               Drugs
               ,
               that
               are
               simple
               to
               the
               outward
               appearance
               ,
               are
               altogether
               mixt
               ,
               and
               by
               this
               means
               have
               contrary
               qualities
               ,
               that
               is
               to
               expel
               ,
               and
               to
               retain
               ;
               to
               thicken
               ,
               and
               subtillize
               ;
               to
               condense
               ,
               and
               rarifie
               ;
               of
               which
               there
               is
               
               
               
               
               
               no
               wonder
               ,
               since
               that
               the
               same
               Drugs
               hath
               the
               power
               to
               heat
               ,
               and
               make
               cold
               ,
               to
               moisten
               or
               dry
               ,
               and
               that
               in
               every
               Drug
               or
               Medicament
               there
               are
               found
               parts
               subtil
               and
               gross
               ,
               thick
               and
               thin
               ,
               soft
               and
               hard
               ,
               and
               in
               the
               following
               Chapter
               of
               the
               same
               Book
               ;
               he
               asserts
               the
               example
               of
               an
               old
               Cock
               ,
               the
               broth
               whereof
               loosened
               the
               belly
               ,
               but
               its
               flesh
               was
               binding
               ;
               and
               also
               of
               Aloes
               ,
               the
               which
               being
               washed
               ,
               immediately
               loses
               its
               purgative
               vertue
               ,
               or
               that
               which
               remains
               thereof
               is
               very
               feeble
               .
               Then
               that
               this
               difference
               of
               the
               vertues
               and
               qualities
               is
               found
               in
               different
               parts
               or
               substances
               of
               Medicaments
               ,
               Galen
               shews
               in
               his
               1.
               
               Book
               
                 Of
                 the
                 Power
                 of
                 Medicaments
              
               ,
               c.
               17.
               
               Where
               he
               particularly
               instances
               of
               Milk
               ,
               wherein
               is
               found
               ,
               and
               from
               which
               is
               separated
               three
               distinct
               substances
               ,
               to
               wit
               ,
               the
               Cheese
               ,
               which
               hinders
               and
               stops
               the
               flux
               of
               the
               Belly
               ,
               the
               serosity
               or
               Cream
               which
               is
               purgative
               ,
               and
               the
               Butter
               which
               nourishes
               ,
               as
               he
               himself
               has
               explained
               it
               in
               the
               Third
               Book
               
                 Of
                 Aliments
              
               ,
               and
               in
               the
               fifteenth
               Chapter
               .
            
             
               This
               is
               manifestly
               experimented
               in
               the
               Must
               or
               new
               Wine
               ,
               which
               likewise
               
               has
               three
               different
               Substances
               ,
               the
               Terrestrial
               ,
               which
               are
               the
               Lees
               ;
               the
               Subtlety
               ,
               which
               is
               the
               Flower
               or
               the
               Scum
               thereof
               ;
               and
               a
               third
               which
               is
               properly
               the
               Wine
               ;
               and
               each
               of
               these
               Substances
               has
               its
               different
               faculties
               and
               vertues
               ,
               in
               colour
               ,
               taste
               ,
               and
               in
               other
               Accidents
               .
               Aristotle
               in
               his
               fourth
               Book
               of
               Meteors
               ,
               Chap.
               1.
               treating
               of
               Putrefaction
               or
               Rottenness
               ,
               acknowledgeth
               these
               different
               Substances
               ;
               as
               the
               more
               curious
               ,
               if
               they
               will
               take
               the
               pains
               ,
               may
               see
               at
               large
               in
               the
               following
               Chapter
               of
               the
               same
               Author
               ,
               and
               so
               according
               to
               the
               opinion
               of
               Galen
               and
               Aristotle
               ,
               different
               Substances
               are
               assigned
               to
               each
               mixt
               part
               ,
               under
               the
               same
               form
               ,
               and
               quantity
               ,
               which
               is
               very
               agreeable
               to
               reason
               ,
               if
               we
               consider
               that
               of
               each
               Aliment
               ,
               how
               simple
               soever
               it
               be
               ,
               there
               is
               produced
               ,
               and
               ingendered
               in
               the
               Liver
               four
               humours
               ,
               not
               only
               different
               in
               temperament
               ,
               but
               also
               in
               substance
               ,
               and
               there
               is
               ingender'd
               more
               or
               less
               of
               such
               a
               humour
               ,
               according
               as
               such
               an
               aliment
               has
               more
               or
               less
               parts
               conformable
               to
               the
               substance
               of
               the
               humour
               ,
               which
               will
               be
               produced
               in
               a
               
               greater
               quantity
               :
               And
               so
               to
               cold
               diseases
               we
               order
               hot
               food
               ,
               and
               to
               hot
               we
               prescribe
               cool
               .
            
             
               From
               these
               so
               evident
               examples
               ,
               and
               from
               divers
               others
               ,
               one
               may
               gather
               ,
               that
               when
               the
               Cacao
               is
               pounded
               and
               beaten
               ,
               the
               substances
               which
               it
               has
               naturally
               different
               ,
               in
               it
               divers
               parts
               are
               so
               artificially
               ,
               and
               exactly
               mingled
               and
               joyned
               ,
               the
               one
               with
               the
               other
               ,
               the
               fat
               and
               buttery
               ,
               hot
               and
               moist
               ,
               with
               the
               terrestrial
               ,
               cold
               ,
               and
               dry
               ,
               (
               as
               is
               aforesaid
               of
               the
               Steel
               )
               that
               these
               last
               are
               quelled
               and
               corrected
               ,
               so
               that
               they
               are
               no
               longer
               so
               astringent
               as
               before
               ,
               but
               with
               a
               mediocrity
               or
               moderation
               more
               inclining
               to
               a
               hot
               and
               moist
               temperament
               of
               the
               Air
               ,
               then
               to
               the
               cold
               and
               dry
               of
               the
               Earth
               ,
               as
               is
               manifest
               ,
               when
               we
               reduce
               this
               Cacao
               to
               a
               Drink
               :
               [
               Maradon
               in
               his
               Dialogue
               sayes
               it
               is
               made
               like
               a
               Spindle
               wherewith
               they
               spin
               the
               thred
               in
               Spain
               ]
               for
               scarce
               can
               one
               give
               two
               turns
               with
               the
               Mill
               ,
               which
               is
               an
               instrument
               of
               Wood
               they
               imploy
               for
               that
               purpose
               ,
               but
               you
               may
               see
               a
               thick
               scum
               ,
               which
               is
               a
               clear
               proof
               ,
               that
               there
               are
               a
               great
               many
               buttery
               parts
               in
               the
               Cacao
               .
            
             
             
               By
               this
               abovesaid
               we
               manifest
               ,
               that
               those
               Physicians
               are
               very
               much
               deceived
               ,
               touching
               the
               Chocolate
               ,
               who
               affirm
               ,
               that
               it
               causes
               Obstructions
               because
               the
               Cacao
               is
               astringent
               ,
               as
               if
               the
               costiveness
               where
               not
               enough
               corrected
               by
               the
               exact
               mixture
               of
               the
               parts
               ,
               one
               with
               the
               other
               ;
               besides
               ,
               as
               has
               been
               said
               ,
               the
               grinding
               ,
               and
               there
               being
               with
               the
               Cacao
               ,
               so
               many
               other
               ingredients
               hot
               of
               their
               own
               Nature
               ,
               it
               must
               necessarily
               happen
               ,
               that
               they
               work
               their
               effects
               ,
               which
               is
               to
               cut
               and
               attenuate
               ,
               and
               not
               at
               all
               to
               stop
               or
               obstruct
               ,
               and
               certainly
               there
               is
               no
               need
               of
               other
               examples
               or
               doctrines
               ,
               as
               a
               proof
               to
               confirm
               this
               truth
               ,
               then
               that
               which
               we
               see
               in
               the
               very
               Cacao
               ;
               the
               which
               if
               it
               be
               not
               pounded
               ,
               and
               prepared
               as
               we
               have
               shewn
               in
               the
               making
               of
               the
               Chocolate
               ,
               [
               as
               also
               the
               eating
               thereof
               ,
               as
               it
               is
               in
               the
               fruit
               ,
               by
               the
               Spanish
               women
               born
               in
               the
               Indies
               ]
               causes
               stoppages
               and
               notable
               obstructions
               by
               no
               other
               reason
               ,
               but
               that
               the
               divers
               substances
               and
               parts
               are
               not
               so
               exactly
               and
               perfectly
               mingled
               together
               ,
               by
               the
               chewing
               alone
               ,
               as
               they
               are
               by
               the
               artificial
               grinding
               which
               they
               
               use
               therein
               :
               Furthermore
               our
               adverse
               part
               ought
               to
               consider
               ,
               and
               call
               to
               mind
               the
               first
               Rudiments
               and
               Principles
               of
               Philosophy
               ,
               which
               say
               ,
               that
               from
               a
               particular
               proposition
               ,
               
                 &
                 a
                 dicto
                 secundum
                 quid
              
               ,
               we
               must
               not
               draw
               from
               thence
               a
               general
               
                 &
                 ad
                 dictum
                 simpliciter
              
               ,
               so
               that
               it
               serves
               for
               nothing
               ,
               to
               say
               this
               man
               has
               white
               teeth
               ,
               by
               consequence
               this
               man
               is
               white
               ;
               for
               it
               may
               happen
               ,
               that
               a
               man
               that
               has
               white
               teeth
               may
               be
               black
               ;
               in
               like
               manner
               't
               is
               a
               foolish
               thing
               to
               say
               the
               Cacao
               is
               astringent
               ,
               that
               by
               consequence
               therefore
               the
               confection
               which
               is
               made
               thereof
               and
               of
               other
               ingredients
               is
               astringent
               .
            
             
               The
               Tree
               which
               bears
               this
               fruit
               is
               so
               delicate
               ,
               and
               the
               ground
               where
               it
               grows
               so
               excessively
               hot
               ,
               that
               for
               fear
               the
               Sun
               should
               burn
               and
               dry
               it
               up
               ,
               they
               plant
               there
               the
               Plantane
               or
               Bonona
               tree
               to
               be
               a
               shade
               ,
               and
               defence
               to
               them
               ,
               to
               secure
               them
               from
               the
               parching
               beams
               of
               the
               too
               near
               Sun
               ,
               and
               when
               these
               are
               great
               ,
               and
               grown
               up
               they
               plant
               under
               them
               the
               Cacao
               Tree
               ,
               (
               those
               Trees
               the
               Indian
               call
               Athlynam
               ,
               vulgarly
               the
               Mothers
               of
               the
               Cacao
               )
               to
               the
               end
               ,
               that
               when
               the
               young
               and
               tender
               
               Tree
               shall
               spring
               up
               out
               of
               the
               earth
               ,
               the
               others
               may
               serve
               as
               a
               Canopy
               to
               them
               .
               It
               s
               fruit
               also
               is
               not
               naked
               ,
               or
               uncovered
               ,
               but
               ten
               or
               twelve
               Cacao
               Nuts
               are
               as
               it
               were
               wedged
               ,
               and
               inclosed
               in
               the
               same
               shell
               ,
               just
               like
               a
               litle
               gourd
               ,
               as
               big
               as
               an
               early
               fig
               ,
               and
               sometimes
               bigger
               ,
               of
               the
               same
               colour
               and
               form
               with
               the
               said
               fig.
               There
               be
               two
               sorts
               of
               the
               Cacao
               ,
               the
               one
               is
               ordinarily
               of
               a
               Brown
               colour
               inclining
               to
               a
               reddish
               ,
               and
               the
               other
               bigger
               and
               larger
               ,
               called
               Patlaxte
               ,
               the
               which
               is
               great
               and
               very
               drying
               ,
               and
               which
               by
               that
               means
               keeps
               persons
               awake
               ,
               and
               hinders
               sleeping
               ,
               and
               therefore
               that
               's
               the
               reason
               ,
               that
               this
               is
               not
               so
               proper
               as
               the
               ordinary
               Cacao
               ,
               and
               this
               is
               all
               that
               can
               be
               said
               ,
               touching
               this
               Fruit.
               
            
             
               As
               for
               the
               other
               ingredients
               which
               go
               to
               the
               making
               of
               your
               Confection
               of
               Chocolate
               ,
               I
               find
               many
               different
               sorts
               ,
               some
               put
               therein
               black
               Pepper
               or
               Tavases
               ,
               the
               which
               as
               being
               very
               hot
               and
               dry
               does
               not
               agree
               but
               with
               those
               whose
               Liver
               is
               very
               cold
               .
               An
               eminent
               Doctor
               of
               Physick
               of
               the
               University
               of
               Mexico
               is
               of
               the
               same
               opinion
               ,
               who
               ,
               as
               likewise
               a
               certain
               Religious
               
               man
               ,
               worthy
               to
               be
               credited
               has
               assured
               me
               ,
               that
               it
               seeming
               to
               him
               ,
               that
               black
               pepper
               was
               not
               very
               proper
               in
               Chocolate
               ,
               to
               prove
               his
               opinion
               ,
               and
               to
               make
               manifest
               that
               the
               pepper
               of
               Mexico
               ,
               called
               Chile
               ,
               is
               far
               the
               better
               ,
               tryed
               this
               experiment
               in
               the
               Liver
               of
               a
               Sheep
               ,
               in
               half
               of
               which
               having
               put
               black
               pepper
               ,
               and
               in
               the
               other
               half
               pepper
               of
               Mexico
               ,
               in
               four
               and
               twenty
               hours
               he
               found
               that
               part
               ,
               wherein
               the
               black
               pepper
               was
               ,
               quite
               dryed
               up
               ,
               but
               the
               other
               ,
               that
               had
               the
               Mexico
               pepper
               ,
               moist
               and
               juicy
               as
               if
               nothing
               had
               been
               put
               therein
               .
            
             
               The
               Receipt
               of
               our
               Physician
               of
               Merchena
               to
               make
               Chocolate
               is
               thus
               :
            
             
               Take
               seven
               hundred
               Cacao
               Nuts
               ,
               a
               pound
               and
               a
               half
               of
               
                 white
                 Sugar
              
               ,
               two
               ounces
               ef
               Cinnamon
               ,
               fourteen
               grains
               of
               
                 Mexico
                 Pepper
              
               ,
               call'd
               Chile
               or
               Pimiento
               ,
               half
               an
               ounce
               of
               Cloves
               ,
               three
               little
               Straws
               or
               
                 Vanilla's
                 de
                 Campeche
              
               ,
               or
               for
               want
               thereof
               ,
               as
               much
               Annis-seed
               a●
               will
               equal
               the
               weight
               of
               a
               shilling
               ,
               o●
               Achiot
               a
               smal
               quantity
               as
               big
               as
               a
               Filbeard
               ,
               which
               may
               be
               sufficient
               only
               to
               giv●
               it
               a
               colour
               ;
               some
               add
               thereto
               
                 Almonds●
                 Filbeards
              
               ,
               and
               the
               Water
               of
               
                 Orang●
                 Flowers
              
               .
            
             
             
               Touching
               this
               Receipt
               ;
               I
               affirm
               ●●ist
               of
               all
               ,
               that
               by
               following
               this
               form
               ●ne
               cannot
               fit
               the
               infirmities
               of
               every
               ●an
               that
               is
               indisposed
               ,
               but
               we
               must
               〈◊〉
               thereto
               or
               take
               away
               according
               to
               the
               necessities
               and
               temperament
               of
               each
               one
               .
               As
               for
               the
               Sugar
               ,
               though
               they
               put
               thereof
               when
               they
               drink
               the
               Chocolate
               ,
               I
               do
               not
               judge
               it
               inconve●●ent
               to
               mingle
               therewith
               the
               quantity
               which
               I
               shall
               name
               .
               The
               Ladies
               also
               ,
               and
               Gentlewomen
               of
               Mexico
               ,
               ●ake
               little
               delicate
               Cakes
               of
               Chocolate
               〈◊〉
               daintiness
               ,
               which
               are
               sold
               likewise
               in
               the
               Shops
               ,
               to
               be
               eaten
               just
               as
               Sweet-Meats
               .
            
             
               The
               Cloves
               which
               the
               same
               Author
               uses
               in
               this
               composition
               are
               not
               allowed
               by
               those
               that
               well
               understand
               the
               manner
               of
               making
               this
               Drink
               ;
               grounded
               perhaps
               on
               this
               reason
               ,
               that
               they
               bind
               the
               belly
               ,
               though
               they
               have
               the
               property
               to
               correct
               the
               stinking
               breath
               ,
               and
               ill
               smell
               of
               the
               mouth
               ,
               as
               is
               shewn
               by
               a
               learned
               person
               in
               these
               Verses
               ,
               
                 
                   Faetorem
                   emendant
                   oris
                   Carisophila
                   faedum
                
                 
                   Constringunt
                   ventrem
                   primaque
                   membra
                   juvant
                   .
                
              
               
               that
               is
               to
               say
               ,
               that
               Cloves
               make
               a
               swee●
               breath
               ,
               stop
               the
               loosness
               of
               the
               Belly●
               and
               eases
               the
               stomack
               ,
               when
               it
               is
               troubled
               with
               a
               hard
               digestion
               .
            
             
               And
               so
               these
               Cloves
               being
               astringent
               ,
               one
               ought
               not
               to
               make
               use
               of
               them
               ,
               altho'
               they
               be
               hot
               and
               dry
               in
               the
               third
               degree
               ,
               and
               though
               it
               aids
               the
               parts
               of
               Concoction
               ,
               as
               is
               shewed
               in
               those
               Verses
               .
            
             
               Every
               body
               uses
               in
               this
               confection
               and
               puts
               therein
               certain
               little
               straws
               ,
               or
               as
               the
               Spaniards
               call
               them
               
                 Vanillas
                 de
                 Campeche
              
               .
               The
               Description
               of
               which
               I
               have
               not
               seen
               in
               any
               Author
               ,
               nor
               of
               the
               Plant
               which
               produces
               them
               ,
               they
               seem
               to
               have
               deduced
               their
               Name
               from
               a
               certain
               Town
               call'd
               Campeche
               ,
               which
               is
               in
               the
               Province
               of
               Yu●atan
               in
               New-Spain
               ,
               as
               likewise
               a
               kind
               of
               Brasil
               wood
               ,
               which
               they
               call
               the
               Wood
               of
               Campeche
               ,
               which
               the
               Dyers
               employ
               very
               much
               in
               their
               trade
               ,
               and
               of
               which
               there
               is
               great
               abundance
               brought
               into
               Europe
               .
               They
               fetch
               it
               from
               the
               
                 West
                 Indies
              
               ,
               and
               are
               of
               an
               opinion
               that
               it
               is
               gathered
               from
               a
               litle
               shrub
               called
               Cucuraqua
               ,
               by
               the
               Tarasquains
               ,
               and
               
                 Quammochetl
                 Xuitzquahuitl
              
               by
               the
               
               Mexicans
               ;
               but
               this
               Wood
               has
               nothing
               of
               affinity
               with
               our
               Vanilla's
               which
               are
               used
               in
               making
               the
               Chocolate
               ,
               the
               which
               are
               very
               pleasant
               to
               the
               sight
               ;
               they
               have
               the
               smell
               as
               it
               were
               of
               Fennel
               ,
               and
               perhaps
               not
               much
               different
               in
               quality
               ,
               for
               all
               hold
               that
               they
               do
               not
               heat
               too
               much
               ,
               and
               do
               not
               hinder
               the
               adding
               Annis-seed
               ,
               as
               the
               Authour
               of
               Merchena
               seems
               to
               intimate
               in
               his
               Receit
               :
               It
               being
               certain
               that
               they
               never
               make
               Chocolate
               without
               Annis-seed
               ,
               for
               being
               hot
               in
               the
               third
               degree
               it
               is
               very
               proper
               in
               many
               cold
               distempers
               ,
               and
               allays
               the
               coldness
               of
               the
               Cacao
               Nut
               ,
               and
               to
               the
               end
               that
               you
               may
               know
               for
               what
               cold
               Members
               it
               may
               be
               useful
               and
               necessary
               I
               will
               here
               repeat
               the
               Verses
               of
               a
               curious
               person
               ;
               
                 
                   Morbosos
                   renes
                   ,
                   Vesicam
                   ,
                   guttura
                   ,
                   Vulvam
                
                 
                   Intestina
                   ,
                   jecur
                   ,
                   cumque
                   liene
                   caput
                
                 
                   Confortat
                   ,
                   variisque
                   anisum
                   subdita
                   morbis
                
                 
                   Membra
                   ,
                   istud
                   tantum
                   vim
                   leve
                   semen
                   habet
                   .
                
              
               Which
               in
               English
               is
               ,
               the
               Annis-seed
               through
               its
               soveraign
               Vertue
               cures
               ,
               the
               diseased
               and
               infected
               Kidneys
               ,
               the
               
               Throat
               ,
               the
               Bladder
               ,
               the
               Matrice
               ,
               the
               Members
               brought
               under
               and
               weakned
               with
               divers
               diseases
               ,
               so
               great
               is
               the
               force
               and
               power
               of
               that
               little
               inconsiderable
               Seed
               :
            
             
               The
               Achiote
               is
               a
               certain
               dye
               or
               tincture
               drawn
               from
               a
               fruit-Tree
               which
               some
               call
               Achiotl
               others
               Changuarica
               ,
               and
               others
               Pamaqua
               ,
               take
               it
               as
               it
               is
               described
               by
               
                 Francis
                 Ximenes
              
               in
               the
               fifth
               book
               at
               the
               third
               Chapter
               ,
               it
               is
               says
               he
               a
               Tree
               ,
               in
               greatness
               ,
               body
               ,
               and
               shape
               very
               like
               the
               Orange
               Tree
               ,
               its
               Leaves
               are
               like
               those
               of
               the
               Elm
               in
               Colour
               and
               roughness
               ,
               its
               Bark
               ,
               Body
               ,
               and
               Branches
               are
               reddish
               drawing
               to
               a
               Green
               ,
               its
               flowers
               are
               large
               ,
               distinguished
               or
               divided
               into
               five
               Leaves
               in
               the
               shape
               of
               a
               Star
               ,
               of
               a
               whitish
               Purple
               Colour
               ,
               its
               fruit
               is
               like
               the
               outward
               Shell
               of
               a
               Chesnut
               ,
               of
               the
               form
               and
               bigness
               of
               a
               little
               green
               
                 Almond
                 ,
                 Quadrangular
              
               or
               four
               Square
               ,
               which
               being
               ripe
               opens
               it self
               containing
               certain
               grains
               or
               Stone●
               like
               those
               of
               the
               Raisins
               ,
               but
               much
               more
               round
               .
               The
               Savages
               and
               Natives
               of
               the
               Country
               have
               it
               in
               great
               Esteem
               ;
               and
               Plant
               it
               near
               their
               houses
               ,
               
               't
               is
               green
               all
               the
               year
               round
               ,
               and
               bears
               its
               Fruit
               in
               Spring
               time
               ,
               at
               which
               time
               they
               have
               a
               custome
               to
               lop
               it
               ,
               for
               out
               of
               its
               wood
               they
               Strike
               Fire
               as
               with
               a
               Flint-stone
               ,
               its
               bark
               is
               very
               proper
               to
               make
               Ropes
               ,
               which
               shall
               be
               stronger
               than
               that
               which
               is
               made
               of
               Hemp
               it self
               ,
               of
               its
               seed
               they
               make
               a
               Crimson
               red
               tincture
               ,
               which
               the
               Painters
               imploy
               in
               their
               Colours
               ,
               they
               make
               use
               of
               it
               also
               in
               Physick
               ,
               for
               being
               of
               a
               cold
               quality
               ,
               and
               being
               drunk
               with
               some
               Water
               of
               the
               same
               Nature
               ,
               or
               applyed
               to
               the
               outward
               parts
               ,
               allays
               the
               ardour
               and
               burning
               of
               the
               Feaver
               ,
               hinders
               the
               Dysenterie
               or
               griping
               of
               the
               Guts
               ,
               lastly
               they
               mix
               it
               with
               great
               profit
               and
               success
               in
               all
               the
               cooling
               potions
               ,
               whence
               it
               happens
               that
               they
               mix
               it
               with
               the
               drink
               of
               Chocolate
               to
               cool
               ,
               and
               to
               give
               it
               a
               taste
               and
               fine
               colour
               ,
               
                 sed
                 haec
                 obiter
              
               .
               Now
               this
               Achiote
               in
               the
               quantity
               of
               a
               Nut
               is
               not
               sufficient
               to
               Colour
               so
               great
               a
               quantity
               of
               ingredients
               contained
               in
               the
               receit
               ,
               that
               must
               be
               left
               to
               the
               Judgement
               of
               him
               that
               composes
               this
               confection
               ,
               who
               shall
               use
               as
               much
               as
               he
               shall
               think
               sufficient
               to
               give
               it
               a
               good
               Colour
               .
            
             
             
               It
               is
               no
               small
               good
               to
               add
               thereto
               Almonds
               ,
               (
               Here
               our
               Author
               speaking
               of
               Almonds
               ,
               means
               those
               of
               the
               Indies
               and
               not
               our
               European
               ones
               ,
               the
               description
               of
               which
               we
               will
               give
               you
               as
               
                 Ioseph
                 Acosta
              
               has
               it
               in
               his
               Natural
               History
               ,
               Book
               39.
               
               
                 Chap.
                 26.
                 
                 Of
                 Indian
                 Almonds
                 .
              
               There
               is
               another
               kind
               of
               Cacao's
               which
               have
               in
               their
               Shell
               a
               number
               of
               small
               nuts
               like
               Almonds
               ,
               of
               the
               shape
               of
               the
               Pomegranate
               grains
               〈◊〉
               these
               Almonds
               are
               three
               times
               as
               big
               as
               those
               of
               Castile
               ,
               and
               resemble
               them
               in
               taste
               ,
               altho
               they
               are
               a
               little
               more
               rough
               ,
               and
               are
               also
               humide
               ,
               moist
               ,
               and
               oyly
               ;
               't
               is
               a
               reasonable
               good
               food
               ,
               they
               do
               also
               use
               it
               in
               Sweet
               meats
               for
               want
               of
               Almonds
               to
               make
               March-panes
               ,
               and
               other
               such
               like
               things
               ,
               they
               call
               them
               ▪
               Almonds
               of
               the
               Andes
               ,
               because
               these
               Cacao's
               grow
               abundant
               on
               the
               high
               Mountains
               call'd
               the
               Andes
               in
               Peru
               ,
               and
               they
               are
               so
               hard
               and
               strong
               ,
               that
               to
               open
               them
               they
               are
               wont
               to
               strike
               them
               with
               a
               huge
               Stone
               with
               all
               their
               force
               ;
               when
               they
               fall
               from
               the
               Tree
               if
               they
               meet
               with
               the
               head
               of
               any
               one
               they
               will
               hinder
               his
               journey
               from
               going
               further
               .
               And
               it
               seems
               to
               be
               
               a
               thing
               incredible
               ,
               that
               in
               the
               crevises
               or
               hollow
               of
               these
               Cacao's
               ,
               which
               are
               not
               bigger
               ,
               or
               but
               little
               more
               than
               the
               others
               there
               should
               be
               such
               a
               vast
               number
               and
               quantity
               of
               those
               Almonds
               ;
               but
               concerning
               these
               Almonds
               ,
               both
               these
               and
               all
               the
               other
               Fruits
               in
               like
               manner
               ,
               must
               give
               place
               to
               the
               
                 Almonds
                 de
                 Chachapoyas
              
               ,
               the
               which
               I
               know
               not
               how
               otherwise
               to
               name
               :
               This
               Fruit
               is
               the
               most
               wholsome
               delicate
               and
               dainty
               of
               all
               that
               I
               ever
               saw
               in
               the
               Indies
               :
               Even
               a
               Learned
               Physitian
               assured
               me
               that
               amongst
               all
               the
               fruits
               which
               are
               found
               either
               in
               the
               Indies
               or
               in
               Spain
               none
               came
               near
               the
               excellence
               of
               these
               Almonds
               .
               There
               be
               some
               of
               these
               that
               be
               bigger
               ,
               others
               less
               then
               those
               of
               the
               Andes
               ,
               yet
               all
               of
               them
               are
               bigger
               than
               them
               of
               Castil●e
               .
               They
               are
               very
               tender
               ,
               have
               very
               much
               substance
               and
               juyce
               ,
               very
               oyly
               ,
               and
               very
               agreeable
               to
               the
               taste
               ;
               they
               grow
               upon
               high
               tall
               Trees
               ,
               very
               thick
               of
               leaves
               ,
               and
               as
               it
               is
               a
               precious
               thing
               ,
               Nature
               has
               bestowed
               on
               it
               a
               coverture
               and
               defence
               almost
               impregnable
               ,
               it
               has
               a
               Skin
               or
               Shell
               something
               bigger
               and
               more
               pointed
               then
               that
               of
               a
               Chesnut
               ,
               
               nevertheless
               ,
               when
               this
               is
               dry
               they
               get
               the
               Kernel
               out
               very
               easily
               .
               They
               report
               that
               the
               Apes
               which
               are
               very
               greedy
               and
               desirous
               of
               this
               fruit
               ,
               of
               which
               Creature
               the
               Country
               of
               Chachapoyas
               in
               Peru
               does
               greatly
               abound
               ,
               (
               which
               is
               the
               only
               Country
               I
               know
               of
               ,
               that
               has
               this
               sort
               of
               Tree
               )
               who
               to
               break
               the
               Shell
               and
               to
               get
               the
               Almond
               from
               thence
               ,
               they
               strongly
               throw
               it
               from
               the
               tops
               of
               the
               boughs
               upon
               the
               stones
               ,
               and
               so
               having
               broken
               it
               ,
               they
               make
               an
               end
               of
               eating
               it
               at
               their
               pleasure
               .
               The
               Filbeards
               also
               are
               far
               better
               than
               the
               Maiz
               or
               Panis
               which
               some
               are
               wont
               to
               put
               therein
               to
               give
               a
               better
               body
               ,
               and
               strength
               to
               the
               Composition
               ,
               and
               therefore
               I
               would
               use
               them
               in
               all
               sorts
               of
               Chocolate
               ,
               for
               besides
               all
               the
               commodities
               ,
               and
               advantages
               ,
               which
               I
               have
               here
               before
               counted
               ,
               they
               are
               moderately
               hot
               and
               have
               a
               delicate
               juice
               ,
               especially
               the
               dry
               ones
               ,
               the
               green
               and
               the
               new
               being
               in
               no
               wise
               proper
               ,
               but
               rather
               hurtful
               according
               as
               a
               Learned
               man
               has
               expressed
               in
               these
               Verses
               
               
                 
                   Dat
                   modicum
                   calidum
                   dulcisque
                   amygdala
                   succum
                   .
                
                 
                   Et
                   tenuem
                   inducant
                   plurima
                   damna
                   novae
                   .
                
              
               Then
               the
               Filberts
               are
               not
               unnecessary
               ,
               
                 Christopher
                 Acosta
              
               in
               his
               book
               
                 Of
                 Spices
              
               Chap.
               18.
               describes
               the
               
                 Indian
                 Filberts
              
               after
               this
               manner
               :
               The
               Tree
               is
               a
               very
               great
               Tree
               ,
               strait
               ,
               smooth
               ,
               round
               ,
               and
               of
               a
               spungy
               matter
               or
               substance
               ,
               its
               leaves
               are
               longer
               and
               larger
               then
               that
               of
               the
               Palm
               Tree
               which
               bears
               the
               Cacao's
               ,
               and
               which
               bud
               out
               of
               the
               very
               top
               of
               the
               Tree
               ,
               amongst
               which
               there
               spring
               out
               little
               smooth
               branches
               ,
               full
               of
               small
               white
               flowers
               ,
               and
               almost
               without
               any
               smell
               ,
               whence
               proceeds
               the
               fruit
               called
               Areca
               ,
               as
               big
               as
               Wallnuts
               ,
               yet
               not
               altogether
               round
               ,
               but
               Oval
               in
               the
               form
               or
               shape
               of
               a
               little
               Pullets
               egg
               ,
               the
               outward
               Skin
               is
               wonderfully
               green
               before
               it
               becomes
               ripe
               ,
               being
               ripe
               it
               becomes
               very
               yellow
               ,
               like
               Dates
               that
               are
               fully
               ripe
               ;
               this
               Skin
               ▪
               or
               Shell
               is
               of
               a
               soft
               and
               Shaggy
               substance
               ,
               which
               contains
               a
               Kernel
               as
               big
               as
               a
               large
               Chesnut
               ,
               white
               ,
               hard
               ,
               and
               full
               of
               little
               red
               Veins
               ,
               which
               the
               inhabitants
               
               eat
               ;
               being
               yet
               green
               they
               put
               it
               under
               the
               Sand
               ,
               to
               render
               it
               better
               and
               more
               agreeable
               to
               the
               taste
               ,
               sometimes
               they
               eat
               it
               mixt
               with
               the
               leaves
               of
               Bethel
               ,
               other
               times
               they
               break
               it
               ,
               and
               dry
               it
               in
               the
               Sun
               ,
               and
               afterwards
               make
               great
               use
               thereof
               in
               their
               eating
               ,
               and
               in
               their
               astringent
               potions
               ,
               with
               the
               Skin
               they
               clean
               their
               Teeth
               .
               There
               is
               another
               kind
               of
               Filbert
               which
               grows
               in
               the
               Isle
               of
               St.
               Dominico
               ,
               which
               is
               purgative
               ,
               but
               this
               is
               not
               that
               they
               mix
               with
               the
               Chocolate
               .
               These
               Filherts
               therefore
               I
               say
               ,
               are
               not
               altogether
               unuseful
               ,
               since
               that
               they
               have
               the
               same
               temperament
               or
               Nature
               with
               the
               Almonds
               though
               being
               dryer
               ,
               they
               come
               more
               near
               to
               a
               Chollerick
               temperament
               ,
               but
               they
               have
               also
               this
               good
               ,
               they
               corroborate
               the
               Stomach
               ,
               and
               Belly
               being
               well
               dryed
               before
               the
               fire
               ,
               and
               as
               it
               were
               broyled
               ,
               as
               they
               Prepare
               it
               for
               this
               composition
               :
               moreover
               they
               hinder
               the
               fumes
               of
               the
               Stomach
               from
               rising
               up
               into
               the
               Brains
               as
               the
               same
               Author
               writes
               .
               
                 
                   Bilis
                   Avellanam
                   sequitur
                   ,
                   sed
                   roborat
                   alvum
                
                 
                   Ventris
                   &
                   a
                   f●mis
                   liberat
                   assa
                   caput
                   .
                
              
               
               That
               is
               to
               say
               ,
               the
               Filbert
               engenders
               melancholly
               humours
               ,
               but
               it
               strenghens
               the
               weak
               Stomach
               ,
               and
               being
               well
               rosted
               ,
               allays
               and
               depresses
               those
               fumes
               which
               would
               otherwise
               disturb
               the
               brains
               ,
               and
               it
               is
               therefore
               very
               necessary
               for
               those
               that
               are
               troubled
               with
               Windiness
               ,
               and
               Fumes
               ,
               which
               from
               the
               Spleen
               rise
               up
               into
               the
               brain
               ,
               and
               fill
               the
               head
               with
               turbulent
               dreams
               ,
               and
               frightful
               imaginations
               .
               Those
               that
               mix
               Maiz
               or
               Panich
               in
               the
               Ch●colate
               do
               very
               ill
               for
               they
               beget
               bilious
               and
               melancholy
               humours
               as
               is
               evident
               from
               the
               said
               Author
               ,
               
                 
                   Crassa
                   Melancholicum
                   praestant
                   tibi
                   panica
                   succum
                   .
                
                 
                   Siccant
                   si
                   ponas
                   membra
                   gelantque
                   foris
                   .
                
              
               It
               is
               very
               certain
               that
               both
               the
               one
               and
               the
               other
               begets
               Choler
               and
               Windyness
               ,
               and
               that
               they
               do
               not
               make
               use
               of
               this
               ingredient
               but
               for
               their
               own
               profit
               and
               to
               augment
               the
               quantity
               of
               the
               Chocolate
               ,
               each
               bushel
               of
               Maiz
               costing
               them
               but
               eight
               Shillings
               ,
               bringing
               each
               pound
               to
               four
               Shillings
               
               which
               is
               the
               true
               price
               of
               the
               Chocolate
               .
            
             
               This
               which
               the
               Indians
               call
               Maiz
               we
               call
               Indian
               or
               Turky-Wheat
               ,
               which
               being
               so
               common
               amongst
               us
               there
               is
               no
               need
               to
               treat
               thereof
               any
               further
               ,
               yet
               I
               cannot
               forbear
               to
               mention
               that
               of
               
                 Francis
                 Ximenes
              
               in
               his
               third
               Book
               Chap.
               7.
               who
               seems
               to
               contradict
               our
               Author
               speaking
               of
               it
               very
               advantagiously
               in
               these
               terms
               .
               The
               difference
               of
               the
               Maiz
               is
               in
               the
               Colour
               of
               its
               ears
               ,
               (
               which
               the
               Vulgar
               call
               Mazercas
               )
               of
               which
               there
               is
               a
               greet
               difference
               ,
               for
               some
               are
               of
               a
               white
               Colour
               ,
               others
               red
               ,
               there
               be
               some
               that
               are
               almost
               black
               ,
               others
               purple
               ,
               blew
               ,
               and
               diversified
               or
               sprinkled
               with
               divers
               Colours
               ,
               which
               is
               to
               be
               understood
               of
               the
               upper
               skin
               ,
               for
               the
               flower
               of
               each
               is
               white
               ;
               as
               to
               the
               rest
               if
               there
               be
               any
               Corn
               that
               God
               has
               made
               of
               a
               temperate
               quality
               and
               great
               nourishment
               without
               doubt
               it
               is
               the
               Maiz
               (
               which
               the
               Mexicans
               call
               Theolli
               )
               for
               it
               is
               neither
               hot
               ,
               nor
               cold
               ,
               but
               a
               mean
               betwixt
               both
               ,
               as
               also
               neither
               moist
               ,
               nor
               dry
               ,
               but
               equally
               participating
               of
               
               both
               temperaments
               ,
               far
               from
               being
               of
               a
               gross
               and
               Viscuous
               nourishment
               ,
               as
               some
               have
               imagined
               :
               They
               also
               are
               very
               much
               deceiv'd
               that
               affirm
               it
               begets
               obstructions
               ,
               but
               one
               may
               clearly
               see
               the
               contrary
               in
               the
               Savages
               ,
               who
               live
               upon
               it
               and
               are
               altogether
               unacquainted
               with
               opilations
               ,
               and
               obstructions
               ,
               and
               are
               never
               troubled
               with
               a
               pale
               and
               sickly
               complexion
               ;
               but
               they
               assure
               us
               that
               it
               is
               of
               an
               easie
               digestion
               ,
               and
               sharpens
               the
               Appetite
               :
               That
               even
               before
               the
               coming
               of
               the
               Spaniards
               they
               never
               knew
               what
               were
               the
               pain
               of
               the
               Stone
               or
               Gravel
               in
               the
               Kidneys
               ,
               in
               fine
               the
               Savages
               have
               not
               a
               better
               and
               more
               expedient
               remedy
               than
               this
               to
               resist
               the
               sharp
               diseases
               ,
               the
               which
               experience
               does
               sufficiently
               testifie
               ,
               for
               Maiz
               boyled
               in
               Water
               does
               abundantly
               nourish
               the
               body
               ,
               and
               is
               digested
               without
               any
               trouble
               or
               difficulty
               ,
               it
               qualifies
               and
               softens
               the
               breast
               ,
               mitigates
               the
               heat
               or
               burning
               of
               Feavers
               ;
               chiefly
               the
               powder
               of
               its
               Root
               ,
               steept
               in
               Water
               ,
               and
               exposed
               to
               the
               cold
               of
               the
               Evening
               and
               afterwards
               drunk
               .
               Then
               this
               Maiz
               boyled
               is
               not
               only
               a
               laudable
               
               and
               wholesom
               food
               ,
               but
               it
               may
               also
               be
               given
               without
               fear
               as
               well
               to
               those
               that
               are
               sick
               ,
               as
               to
               those
               that
               are
               in
               good
               health
               ;
               to
               young
               as
               well
               as
               to
               Old
               ;
               to
               Men
               and
               to
               Women
               of
               what
               condition
               soever
               they
               be
               ,
               and
               lastly
               it
               may
               be
               used
               in
               all
               Distempers
               without
               any
               hurt
               ,
               or
               trouble
               ,
               they
               say
               moreover
               that
               it
               provokes
               Urine
               ,
               and
               cleanses
               the
               Pipes
               .
               Then
               since
               that
               the
               Maiz
               ,
               used
               as
               it
               ought
               to
               be
               ,
               brings
               along
               with
               it
               a
               thousand
               Commodities
               ,
               and
               no
               dammages
               (
               unless
               as
               some
               affirm
               it
               breeds
               too
               much
               Blood
               and
               choler
               )
               one
               ought
               not
               to
               hearken
               to
               those
               who
               affirm
               that
               it
               is
               hotter
               than
               our
               ordinary
               wheat
               ,
               that
               it
               is
               difficultly
               digested
               ,
               and
               that
               it
               begets
               Obstructions
               ,
               let
               us
               rather
               follow
               the
               Mexican
               Physitians
               ,
               who
               having
               rejected
               the
               Ptisana
               or
               Barly
               broth
               ,
               as
               troublesom
               ,
               to
               the
               distempered
               persons
               have
               constituted
               in
               its
               place
               ,
               the
               Atolle
               of
               which
               we
               will
               speak
               hereafter
               ,
               I
               'le
               pass
               over
               in
               silence
               the
               manner
               of
               making
               the
               bread
               of
               Maiz
               as
               being
               nothing
               to
               our
               purpose
               ,
               and
               too
               much
               a
               digression
               ;
               the
               other
               thing
               is
               the
               Panick
               or
               Indian
               Oatmeal
               ,
               which
               is
               
               a
               small
               grain
               like
               unto
               millet
               with
               a
               knob
               full
               of
               Corn
               ,
               though
               the
               vulgar
               European
               Panick
               is
               not
               here
               meant
               ,
               but
               that
               which
               grows
               in
               the
               Indies
               ,
               which
               if
               the
               Reader
               has
               a
               mind
               to
               satisfie
               his
               curiosity
               he
               shall
               find
               more
               at
               large
               described
               by
               Dodonné
               in
               the
               fourth
               part
               of
               his
               History
               
                 Of
                 Plants
              
               book
               the
               7.
               
               Chap.
               26.
               and
               by
               Dalechart
               in
               the
               
                 great
                 Herbalest
              
               book
               4.
               
               Chap.
               20.
               
               The
               next
               ingredient
               is
               the
               Cinnamon
               ,
               but
               it
               seems
               our
               Author
               means
               the
               Cinnamon
               of
               the
               West-Indies
               ,
               and
               not
               that
               of
               the
               East-Indies
               ,
               which
               was
               unknown
               in
               New-Spain
               before
               the
               Spaniards
               had
               discovered
               it
               .
               This
               Cinnamon
               is
               described
               by
               Monardes
               in
               his
               History
               
                 Of
                 Plants
              
               Chap.
               25.
               
               Laet
               in
               his
               tenth
               Book
               Chap.
               26.
               says
               that
               the
               Cinnamon
               Tree
               is
               as
               big
               as
               the
               Olive
               Tree
               ,
               producing
               certain
               little
               purses
               with
               their
               Flowers
               ,
               which
               being
               pounded
               ,
               come
               near
               in
               some
               sort
               to
               the
               East-Indian
               Cinnamon
               .
               Monardes
               takes
               notice
               that
               they
               do
               rather
               make
               use
               of
               their
               Fruit
               than
               of
               their
               bark
               ,
               and
               that
               being
               beaten
               to
               a
               powder
               they
               fortifie
               the
               Stomach
               ,
               disperse
               the
               Wind
               ,
               make
               good
               breath
               ,
               take
               away
               
               the
               pains
               of
               the
               belly
               ,
               comforts
               the
               heart
               gives
               a
               good
               Colour
               to
               the
               food
               being
               mixt
               therewith
               just
               like
               the
               true
               Cinnamon
               .
               This
               Cinnamon
               therefore
               is
               hot
               and
               dry
               in
               the
               third
               degree
               ,
               it
               is
               good
               for
               the
               Urine
               and
               the
               reins
               ,
               expels
               cold
               distempers
               ,
               't
               is
               also
               useful
               for
               the
               eyes
               ,
               and
               in
               effect
               it
               is
               a
               Cordial
               as
               a
               certain
               Author
               says
               .
               
                 
                   Commoda
                   &
                   urinae
                   Cinnamomum
                   &
                   renebus
                   affe●t
                   .
                
                 
                   Lumina
                   clarificat
                   ,
                   dira
                   venena
                   fugat
                   .
                
              
               The
               Achiote
               [
               the
               Virtue
               which
               our
               Author
               attributes
               to
               the
               Achiote
               is
               different
               from
               what
               Ximenes
               reports
               thereof
               ,
               for
               the
               one
               holds
               it
               to
               be
               refreshing
               ,
               the
               other
               that
               it
               heats
               ,
               yet
               it
               is
               not
               of
               great
               importance
               whatsoever
               is
               the
               quality
               thereof
               considering
               the
               small
               quantity
               that
               is
               made
               use
               of
               in
               the
               Chocolate
               ]
               has
               a
               cutting
               and
               attenuating
               heat
               ,
               as
               is
               evident
               by
               the
               ordinary
               practice
               of
               the
               Indian
               Physicians
               ,
               who
               having
               proved
               its
               effects
               do
               judge
               it
               to
               be
               cutting
               ,
               and
               rarifiing
               the
               gross
               humours
               ,
               causing
               shortness
               of
               breath
               ,
               which
               they
               call
               Asthma
               and
               the
               stoppage
               of
               the
               Urine
               
               and
               therefore
               't
               is
               profitable
               and
               useful
               against
               all
               sorts
               of
               Opilations
               ,
               which
               we
               endeavour
               to
               overcome
               ,
               whither
               they
               be
               in
               the
               breast
               or
               in
               the
               region
               of
               the
               belly
               ,
               or
               in
               whatsoever
               part
               they
               be
               .
               As
               for
               the
               Chiles
               some
               hold
               there
               are
               b●t
               two
               sorts
               of
               Chiles
               or
               Chilli
               ,
               the
               one
               the
               Eastern
               which
               is
               Ginger
               ,
               and
               the
               other
               Western
               ,
               which
               is
               the
               Pepper
               of
               Mexico
               ,
               the
               same
               they
               call
               pepper
               of
               Tobasco
               ,
               because
               it
               grows
               in
               great
               abundance
               in
               that
               Province
               of
               New-Spain
               ,
               from
               whence
               it
               takes
               its
               Name
               .
               Our
               Author
               makes
               thereof
               four
               kinds
               ,
               but
               others
               make
               more
               ,
               of
               which
               number
               is
               the
               Father
               
                 Iohn
                 Eusebius
              
               in
               the
               15
               Book
               of
               his
               History
               Chap.
               80.
               to
               which
               I
               refer
               the
               curious
               .
               Laet
               in
               the
               last
               Chapter
               of
               his
               5th
               .
               Book
               says
               ,
               that
               this
               fruit
               grows
               on
               a
               Domestick
               or
               Garden
               Tree
               called
               Xocoxochitl
               ,
               the
               which
               is
               very
               big
               ,
               whose
               leaves
               are
               like
               those
               of
               the
               Orange
               tree
               ,
               and
               yield
               a
               very
               odoriferous
               smell
               ;
               its
               flowers
               are
               red
               like
               those
               of
               the
               Pomegranate
               tree
               ,
               the
               same
               Smell
               as
               the
               Orange
               ,
               very
               sweet
               and
               agreeable
               ,
               its
               fruit
               is
               round
               ,
               
               and
               hanging
               like
               Grapes
               ,
               which
               at
               first
               are
               green
               ,
               a
               while
               after
               red
               ,
               and
               at
               last
               black
               ,
               of
               a
               sharp
               and
               biting
               taste
               ,
               and
               of
               a
               good
               smell
               ,
               hot
               and
               dry
               in
               the
               third
               degree
               ,
               so
               that
               it
               may
               be
               used
               instead
               of
               Pepper
               ,
               the
               Apothecaries
               may
               imploy
               it
               to
               the
               same
               use
               as
               Carpobalsamum
               ,
               the
               Spaniards
               call
               it
               pepper
               of
               Tavasco
               .
               I
               affirm
               that
               there
               be
               thereof
               four
               Sorts
               :
               The
               first
               are
               called
               Chilcotes
               ,
               the
               second
               ,
               which
               are
               very
               little
               ,
               Chiltecpin
               ,
               which
               two
               sorts
               are
               very
               sharp
               and
               mordicant
               ;
               the
               third
               are
               called
               Tonachiles
               ,
               which
               are
               moderately
               hot
               ,
               so
               that
               they
               eat
               them
               with
               bread
               just
               as
               they
               do
               other
               fruit
               ,
               although
               they
               have
               a
               bitterish
               taste
               ;
               and
               they
               grow
               no
               where
               but
               in
               the
               Marshes
               of
               Mexico
               ,
               the
               fourth
               sort
               is
               called
               Chilpatlagua
               ,
               which
               was
               a
               kind
               of
               Chiles
               or
               Pimientoes
               very
               large
               ,
               they
               are
               not
               so
               biting
               as
               the
               two
               former
               ,
               nor
               so
               mild
               as
               the
               third
               ,
               and
               they
               are
               those
               which
               are
               used
               in
               Chocolate
               .
            
             
               There
               be
               other
               ingredients
               that
               they
               put
               into
               this
               composition
               ,
               the
               cheif
               of
               which
               they
               call
               Mecasuchil
               .
               This
               Plant
               is
               described
               by
               Laet
               in
               his
               fifth
               Book
               ,
               Chap.
               4.
               
               There
               is
               an
               Herb
               
               (
               he
               says
               )
               by
               name
               Mecaxuchitl
               creeping
               upon
               the
               earth
               ,
               whose
               leaves
               are
               great
               ,
               thick
               ,
               and
               almost
               round
               ,
               sweet-smelling
               ,
               and
               of
               a
               sharp
               taste
               ,
               it
               bears
               a
               fruit
               like
               long
               pepper
               ,
               the
               which
               they
               mix
               with
               the
               drink
               of
               the
               Cacao
               ,
               call'd
               Chocolate
               ,
               to
               which
               it
               gives
               an
               agreeable
               savour
               ,
               it
               corroborates
               the
               heart
               and
               the
               Stomach
               ,
               attenuates
               the
               thick
               and
               slow
               humours
               ,
               and
               is
               an
               excellent
               Medicine
               ,
               and
               Antidote
               against
               poison
               ,
               it
               s
               other
               vertues
               ,
               as
               likewise
               the
               figure
               of
               its
               fruit
               ,
               are
               more
               fully
               set
               out
               by
               
                 Iean
                 Eusebe
              
               ,
               Book
               14.
               chap.
               62.
               
               Another
               ingredient
               is
               the
               Vinacaxtli
               ,
               but
               here
               I
               fear
               mine
               Author
               may
               be
               deceived
               ,
               or
               that
               there
               has
               been
               a
               mistake
               in
               the
               Printing
               ,
               and
               instead
               of
               Vinacaxtli
               ,
               he
               should
               have
               put
               Huclimacutzli
               ,
               which
               is
               a
               Tree
               the
               flower
               whereof
               is
               called
               by
               the
               
                 Spaniards
                 ,
                 Flor
                 de
                 la
                 Oreja
                 ,
              
               or
               Flower
               of
               the
               ear
               ,
               because
               of
               its
               near
               resemblance
               with
               the
               ear
               :
               It
               is
               composed
               ,
               sayes
               
                 Laet
                 lib.
                 5.
                 cap.
              
               4.
               of
               purple
               Flowers
               within
               ,
               and
               green
               without
               ,
               it
               is
               of
               a
               very
               sweet
               and
               pleasant
               smell
               ,
               the
               name
               Xuchinacutzli
               in
               our
               Language
               signifies
               little
               ears
               ,
               which
               are
               flowers
               odoriferous
               ,
               
               aromatick
               and
               hot
               .
               The
               Mecasuchil
               is
               purgative
               ,
               and
               the
               Indians
               make
               thereof
               a
               purging
               Syrup
               .
               Those
               that
               live
               in
               Europe
               for
               went
               of
               Mecasuchil
               may
               put
               therein
               powder
               of
               Roses
               of
               Alexandria
               ,
               for
               those
               that
               have
               a
               mind
               to
               loosen
               their
               belly
               .
               There
               be
               two
               other
               ingredients
               of
               which
               our
               Author
               being
               silent
               we
               are
               forc'd
               to
               supply
               his
               defect
               ,
               the
               one
               is
               the
               flower
               of
               a
               certain
               pitchy
               or
               rosi'ny
               tree
               ,
               which
               yeilds
               a
               gum
               like
               that
               of
               the
               Storax
               ,
               but
               of
               a
               finer
               colour
               ,
               its
               flower
               is
               like
               that
               of
               the
               Orange
               tree
               ,
               of
               a
               good
               smell
               ,
               which
               they
               mix
               with
               the
               Chocolate
               ,
               and
               repute
               it
               good
               for
               the
               stomack
               ;
               the
               other
               ingredient
               is
               the
               shale
               or
               cod
               of
               the
               Tlixochitl
               ,
               which
               is
               a
               creeping
               herb
               having
               leaves
               like
               the
               Plantane
               ,
               but
               longer
               ,
               and
               thick
               ,
               it
               climbs
               up
               to
               the
               top
               of
               the
               trees
               ,
               and
               intwines
               it self
               with
               them
               ,
               and
               bears
               a
               shale
               long
               ,
               strait
               ,
               and
               as
               it
               were
               round
               ,
               which
               smells
               of
               the
               balm
               of
               new
               Spain
               ,
               they
               mix
               this
               shale
               with
               their
               famous
               drink
               of
               Cacao
               :
               their
               pith
               is
               black
               full
               of
               little
               seeds
               ,
               like
               that
               of
               the
               poppy
               ,
               they
               say
               that
               two
               of
               these
               
               steept
               in
               water
               provoke
               urine
               wonderfully
               .
               See
               Laet
               Book
               5.
               ch
               .
               7.
               
            
             
               I
               have
               reported
               all
               these
               ingredients
               to
               the
               end
               that
               those
               that
               have
               need
               may
               choose
               those
               which
               they
               shall
               think
               most
               useful
               for
               the
               Distempers
               wherewith
               they
               are
               molested
               .
            
             
             
             
             
          
           
             
             
               THE
               SECOND
               PART
               .
            
             
               IN
               this
               Second
               Part
               ,
               we
               must
               observe
               that
               though
               they
               mix
               with
               the
               Cacao
               ,
               all
               these
               hot
               ingredients
               ,
               yet
               for
               all
               that
               the
               quantity
               of
               the
               Cacao
               is
               greater
               than
               all
               the
               rest
               ,
               so
               that
               the
               others
               serve
               only
               to
               allay
               ,
               and
               temperate
               the
               coldness
               of
               the
               Cacao
               ,
               so
               that
               of
               two
               medicaments
               of
               contrary
               qualities
               ,
               we
               artificially
               compose
               one
               ,
               which
               is
               temperate
               ,
               and
               moderate
               ,
               just
               so
               by
               the
               action
               and
               reaction
               of
               the
               cold
               parts
               of
               the
               Cacao
               ,
               the
               Chocolate
               receives
               a
               temperate
               and
               moderate
               quality
               ,
               very
               little
               different
               from
               a
               mediocrity
               or
               mean
               between
               both
               ,
               and
               when
               we
               shall
               venter
               to
               say
               that
               (
               in
               leaving
               out
               of
               the
               Chocolate
               ,
               both
               pepper
               and
               cloves
               ,
               and
               only
               putting
               therein
               a
               little
               annis-feed
               ,
               as
               we
               will
               shew
               hereafter
               )
               it
               is
               purely
               temperate
               ,
               
               we
               are
               able
               to
               prove
               it
               both
               by
               experience
               and
               reason
               :
               First
               by
               experience
               ;
               (
               supposing
               that
               which
               Galen
               says
               ,
               That
               every
               temperate
               Medicament
               heats
               that
               which
               is
               cold
               ,
               and
               cools
               that
               which
               is
               hot
               ,
               giving
               for
               example
               the
               Oyl
               of
               Roses
               )
               with
               experience
               I
               say
               ,
               grounded
               on
               the
               practice
               and
               custom
               which
               they
               have
               amongst
               them
               ,
               in
               the
               Indies
               ,
               for
               (
               I
               coming
               very
               much
               heated
               to
               visit
               one
               of
               my
               Patients
               ,
               when
               I
               desired
               some
               water
               of
               them
               to
               cool
               my self
               )
               they
               advised
               me
               to
               take
               a
               Dish
               of
               Chocolate
               ,
               with
               which
               I
               quenched
               my
               thirst
               ,
               but
               taking
               it
               the
               next
               morning
               fasting
               it
               heated
               me
               and
               fortified
               my
               Stomack
               .
               Now
               let
               us
               prove
               this
               opinion
               by
               reason
               ,
               we
               have
               before
               demonstrated
               that
               all
               the
               parts
               of
               the
               Cacao
               were
               not
               cold
               ;
               for
               we
               have
               shew'd
               ,
               that
               the
               buttery
               and
               oyly
               parts
               ,
               which
               are
               in
               great
               number
               are
               hot
               ,
               or
               at
               least
               temperate
               .
               Then
               although
               it
               be
               true
               ,
               that
               the
               quantity
               of
               the
               Cacao
               put
               into
               the
               Chocolate
               is
               greater
               and
               stronger
               than
               all
               the
               other
               ingredients
               together
               ,
               the
               cold
               parts
               which
               correspond
               therewith
               do
               not
               amount
               at
               furthest
               
               but
               to
               the
               moyety
               ,
               and
               so
               that
               altho
               all
               together
               come
               to
               surpass
               it
               ,
               seeing
               that
               it
               remains
               somthing
               allayed
               ,
               by
               the
               grinding
               ,
               or
               rubbing
               together
               ,
               by
               the
               means
               of
               the
               hot
               and
               buttery
               parts
               of
               the
               Cacao
               ,
               and
               again
               on
               the
               otherside
               by
               the
               other
               ingredients
               that
               are
               hot
               in
               the
               second
               and
               third
               degree
               ,
               it
               must
               needs
               be
               reduced
               to
               a
               mediocrity
               .
               Just
               as
               we
               see
               in
               two
               persons
               ,
               that
               joyn
               their
               hands
               together
               ,
               whereof
               the
               hands
               of
               the
               one
               are
               cold
               ,
               and
               the
               others
               hot
               ,
               those
               that
               are
               hot
               grow
               cold
               ,
               and
               the
               cold
               hot
               ,
               and
               finally
               both
               the
               one
               and
               the
               other
               ,
               remain
               without
               that
               excess
               of
               heat
               ,
               or
               cold
               which
               they
               had
               before
               ,
               and
               at
               last
               become
               temperate
               .
            
             
               Like
               this
               does
               it
               happen
               to
               those
               that
               wrastle
               ,
               at
               first
               they
               have
               their
               Forces
               strong
               and
               entire
               ,
               but
               at
               last
               ,
               by
               the
               action
               and
               reaction
               of
               the
               two
               adversaries
               striving
               together
               ,
               they
               enfeeble
               and
               weaken
               themselves
               ,
               so
               that
               the
               wrastling
               being
               ended
               ,
               they
               remain
               weakned
               both
               the
               one
               and
               the
               other
               .
               'T
               is
               the
               opinion
               of
               Aristotle
               ,
               in
               the
               fourth
               Book
               
                 Of
                 the
                 generation
                 of
                 Animals
              
               ,
               Chap.
               3.
               
               He
               says
               ,
               that
               every
               Agent
               
               suffers
               as
               the
               Patient
               ,
               so
               that
               we
               see
               ,
               that
               which
               cuts
               is
               blunted
               by
               the
               thing
               that
               is
               cut
               ,
               that
               that
               which
               heats
               is
               cooled
               ,
               and
               that
               which
               pusheth
               or
               thrusteth
               is
               in
               some
               manner
               thrust
               back
               and
               repulsed
               .
               Hence
               I
               gather
               ,
               that
               it
               is
               better
               to
               make
               use
               of
               the
               Chocolate
               sometime
               after
               it
               has
               been
               made
               than
               to
               take
               of
               it
               whilst
               new
               and
               fresh
               ,
               but
               you
               must
               let
               it
               stand
               at
               the
               least
               a
               whole
               month
               together
               ,
               for
               I
               judge
               so
               long
               time
               to
               be
               necessary
               ,
               and
               very
               expedient
               ,
               to
               the
               end
               that
               the
               contrary
               qualities
               may
               weaken
               and
               spend
               themselves
               ,
               and
               be
               reduced
               to
               a
               convenient
               temperament
               and
               mediocrity
               ;
               for
               it
               might
               happen
               that
               in
               the
               beginning
               each
               contrary
               would
               impress
               and
               work
               its
               effect
               ,
               and
               nature
               cannot
               endure
               to
               be
               heated
               and
               cooled
               at
               the
               same
               time
               .
            
             
               That
               is
               therefore
               the
               Reason
               that
               Galen
               in
               his
               Twelfth
               Book
               of
               the
               Method
               ,
               advises
               us
               to
               tarry
               a
               whole
               year
               ,
               or
               at
               least
               six
               months
               ,
               before
               we
               make
               use
               of
               the
               
                 Philonium
                 ▪
              
               because
               in
               its
               composition
               there
               is
               put
               the
               juyce
               of
               Poppies
               called
               Opium
               ,
               which
               is
               cold
               in
               the
               fourth
               degree
               ,
               and
               Pepper
               with
               other
               
               ingredients
               ,
               that
               are
               hot
               in
               the
               third
               degree
               .
               And
               this
               doctrine
               is
               confirmed
               by
               the
               practice
               of
               several
               learned
               Physicians
               ,
               whom
               I
               have
               desired
               to
               inform
               me
               which
               was
               the
               best
               Chocolate
               ,
               they
               presently
               answered
               me
               ,
               that
               which
               has
               been
               kept
               several
               months
               ,
               and
               the
               fresh
               and
               newly
               made
               Chocolate
               ,
               did
               do
               them
               a
               great
               deal
               of
               hurt
               ,
               and
               did
               very
               much
               loosen
               and
               relax
               their
               Stomach
               ,
               which
               in
               my
               opinion
               is
               very
               probable
               ;
               for
               the
               fat
               and
               buttery
               parts
               ,
               are
               not
               altogether
               corrected
               by
               the
               earthy
               parts
               of
               the
               Cacao
               ,
               which
               I
               will
               prove
               by
               the
               reason
               I
               shall
               bring
               hereafter
               ,
               that
               if
               you
               should
               take
               a
               dish
               of
               Chocolate
               to
               drink
               ,
               that
               which
               is
               thick
               and
               buttery
               thereof
               separates
               it self
               from
               the
               rest
               ,
               and
               relaxes
               the
               Stomach
               ,
               (
               although
               it
               be
               old
               )
               as
               if
               it
               were
               but
               just
               made
               .
            
             
               Therefore
               to
               conclude
               this
               Second
               Part
               ,
               we
               must
               acknowledge
               that
               the
               Chocolate
               is
               not
               so
               cold
               as
               the
               Cacao
               ,
               nor
               is
               it
               so
               hot
               as
               the
               other
               ingredients
               ,
               but
               from
               the
               action
               and
               reaction
               thereof
               ,
               there
               proceeds
               a
               moderate
               complexion
               ,
               or
               temper
               which
               may
               agree
               with
               ,
               and
               serve
               as
               well
               for
               the
               
               stomachs
               that
               be
               cold
               ,
               as
               those
               that
               are
               hot
               ,
               provided
               it
               be
               took
               in
               an
               indifferent
               quantity
               ,
               as
               I
               will
               shew
               you
               by
               and
               by
               ,
               and
               that
               it
               has
               been
               made
               a
               whole
               month
               ,
               as
               is
               said
               before
               ,
               so
               that
               I
               know
               not
               any
               one
               ,
               who
               having
               experimented
               this
               confection
               (
               made
               as
               it
               is
               convenient
               for
               every
               individual
               )
               can
               speak
               ill
               thereof
               ,
               or
               in
               any
               wise
               discommend
               it
               :
               besides
               that
               all
               the
               world
               generally
               using
               it
               ,
               there
               is
               scarce
               any
               one
               ,
               that
               does
               not
               highly
               approve
               of
               it
               ,
               through
               all
               Europe
               ,
               as
               well
               as
               in
               the
               Indies
               .
               I
               know
               not
               therefore
               what
               reason
               any
               one
               has
               to
               say
               that
               Chocolate
               causes
               obstructions
               ,
               for
               if
               it
               should
               be
               so
               ,
               and
               the
               Liver
               become
               obstructed
               ,
               it
               would
               bring
               a
               leanness
               on
               all
               the
               Body
               ,
               but
               experience
               teaches
               us
               the
               contrary
               ,
               for
               we
               see
               nothing
               fattens
               more
               than
               Chocolate
               ,
               whereof
               I
               will
               give
               the
               reason
               hereafter
               ,
               and
               so
               much
               for
               this
               Second
               Part.
               Proceed
               we
               now
               to
               the
               Third
               .
            
          
           
             
             
               THE
               THIRD
               PART
               .
            
             
               IN
               the
               First
               Part
               having
               treated
               of
               Chocolate
               ,
               and
               given
               you
               the
               definition
               thereof
               ,
               as
               likewise
               the
               quality
               of
               the
               Cacao
               ,
               and
               the
               other
               ingredients
               :
               And
               in
               the
               Second
               of
               the
               temperament
               or
               complexion
               ,
               which
               results
               from
               the
               mixture
               of
               the
               said
               ingredient
               .
               In
               this
               third
               Part
               it
               remains
               to
               shew
               you
               how
               they
               mix
               it
               :
               But
               first
               I
               judge
               it
               not
               unnecessary
               to
               give
               you
               the
               best
               receipt
               thereof
               ,
               and
               the
               most
               convenient
               I
               could
               find
               ,
               and
               tho
               I
               have
               said
               before
               ,
               that
               it
               is
               impossible
               to
               give
               a
               Receipt
               ,
               that
               may
               be
               proper
               and
               agreeable
               to
               all
               sort
               of
               Persons
               ,
               but
               that
               is
               meant
               for
               those
               that
               are
               distempered
               ,
               and
               not
               well
               in
               health
               ;
               for
               to
               those
               that
               are
               in
               good
               health
               ,
               this
               here
               is
               most
               fit
               and
               convenient
               ;
               but
               for
               the
               others
               (
               as
               I
               have
               shewed
               at
               the
               end
               of
               the
               First
               part
               )
               each
               one
               may
               choose
               the
               ingredients
               according
               as
               they
               shall
               be
               most
               needful
               to
               one
               or
               other
               distempered
               part
               of
               his
               
               body
               .
               This
               therefore
               is
               the
               Receipt
               ,
            
             
               With
               each
               hundred
               of
               
               Cacao's
               you
               must
               mingle
               two
               grains
               of
               Chile
               ,
               or
               Pepper
               of
               Mexico
               ,
               of
               those
               great
               Grains
               which
               we
               have
               elsewhere
               told
               you
               are
               called
               Chilpatlagua
               ,
               and
               for
               want
               of
               them
               they
               use
               to
               take
               two
               
                 Indian
                 Pepper
              
               corns
               ,
               the
               largest
               and
               the
               least
               hot
               that
               you
               can
               find
               ,
               or
               if
               you
               can
               get
               them
               the
               Pimiento's
               of
               Spain
               ,
               an
               handful
               of
               Annis-seed
               ,
               two
               of
               those
               Flowers
               called
               Xuchinachutzli
               or
               little
               ears
               ,
               and
               two
               others
               named
               Mecasuchil
               ,
               if
               there
               be
               need
               to
               loosen
               the
               Belly
               :
               In
               Spain
               instead
               of
               these
               last
               they
               are
               wont
               to
               use
               the
               powder
               of
               six
               Roses
               of
               Alexandria
               ,
               vulgarly
               called
               pale
               Roses
               ,
               a
               little
               Bean
               Cod
               or
               
                 Vanilla
                 de
                 Campeche
              
               ,
               two
               drams
               of
               Cinnamon
               ,
               a
               dozen
               of
               Almonds
               ,
               and
               as
               many
               Filberts
               ,
               half
               a
               pound
               of
               Sugar
               ,
               such
               a
               quantity
               of
               Achiote
               as
               shall
               be
               sufficieut
               to
               colour
               the
               whole
               composition
               .
            
             
               
                 The
                 way
                 of
                 making
                 Chocolate
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Cacao
                 and
                 the
                 other
                 ingredients
                 are
                 pounded
                 and
                 beaten
                 on
                 a
                 Stone
                 ,
                 which
                 the
                 Indians
                 call
                 Metatl
                 ,
                 made
                 for
                 that
                 purpose
                 .
                 The
                 first
                 thing
                 they
                 
                 begin
                 to
                 do
                 is
                 to
                 broyl
                 well
                 ,
                 and
                 carefully
                 to
                 dry
                 before
                 the
                 fire
                 all
                 the
                 ingredients
                 (
                 except
                 the
                 Achiote
                 )
                 to
                 the
                 end
                 that
                 they
                 may
                 be
                 easily
                 pounded
                 and
                 broken
                 ,
                 but
                 in
                 the
                 broyling
                 of
                 them
                 before
                 the
                 fire
                 ,
                 there
                 must
                 be
                 great
                 heed
                 taken
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 be
                 often
                 turned
                 and
                 stirr'd
                 about
                 ,
                 for
                 fear
                 of
                 burning
                 or
                 becoming
                 black
                 ;
                 besides
                 which
                 ,
                 they
                 being
                 too
                 much
                 done
                 ,
                 lose
                 their
                 vertue
                 and
                 receive
                 a
                 bitter
                 taste
                 .
                 The
                 Cinnamon
                 and
                 the
                 Pepper
                 of
                 Mexico
                 ought
                 to
                 be
                 first
                 pounded
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 latter
                 of
                 them
                 should
                 be
                 beaten
                 together
                 with
                 the
                 Annis-seed
                 :
                 The
                 Cacao
                 is
                 that
                 which
                 is
                 to
                 be
                 last
                 of
                 all
                 beaten
                 ,
                 but
                 by
                 little
                 and
                 little
                 ,
                 till
                 you
                 think
                 there
                 is
                 so
                 much
                 as
                 may
                 be
                 sufficient
                 for
                 your
                 purpose
                 ,
                 and
                 every
                 time
                 you
                 must
                 give
                 it
                 three
                 or
                 four
                 turns
                 in
                 the
                 Mortar
                 .
                 You
                 must
                 also
                 take
                 care
                 that
                 every
                 one
                 is
                 beaten
                 severally
                 ,
                 and
                 by
                 it self
                 ,
                 having
                 beaten
                 all
                 these
                 ingredients
                 to
                 a
                 fine
                 powder
                 ,
                 you
                 put
                 them
                 altogether
                 in
                 a
                 Vessel
                 ,
                 where
                 the
                 Cacao
                 is
                 ,
                 and
                 these
                 powders
                 they
                 stir
                 and
                 mix
                 with
                 a
                 spoon
                 ,
                 and
                 presently
                 they
                 take
                 of
                 this
                 past
                 ,
                 which
                 they
                 begin
                 again
                 to
                 pound
                 in
                 
                 Mortar
                 (
                 or
                 rather
                 if
                 they
                 have
                 it
                 the
                 forementioned
                 Stone
                 )
                 under
                 which
                 they
                 make
                 a
                 gentle
                 fire
                 ,
                 taking
                 special
                 heed
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 do
                 not
                 make
                 it
                 too
                 gr●at
                 and
                 too
                 quick
                 ,
                 nor
                 that
                 you
                 heat
                 it
                 too
                 much
                 ,
                 for
                 fear
                 of
                 scattering
                 and
                 d●ssipating
                 the
                 buttery
                 parts
                 .
                 You
                 must
                 also
                 take
                 notice
                 ,
                 that
                 in
                 pounding
                 the
                 Cacao
                 you
                 mix
                 the
                 Achiote
                 therewith
                 ,
                 to
                 the
                 end
                 that
                 you
                 may
                 give
                 it
                 a
                 better
                 colour
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 tincture
                 may
                 remain
                 ,
                 and
                 be
                 the
                 better
                 implanted
                 therein
                 .
                 The
                 Powder
                 of
                 each
                 ingredient
                 ,
                 except
                 that
                 only
                 of
                 the
                 Cacao
                 must
                 be
                 well
                 sifted
                 ,
                 and
                 if
                 you
                 peel
                 the
                 Cacao
                 ,
                 and
                 take
                 it
                 out
                 of
                 its
                 little
                 shell
                 ,
                 the
                 drink
                 thereof
                 will
                 be
                 more
                 dainty
                 and
                 delicious
                 .
                 Then
                 when
                 all
                 shall
                 seem
                 to
                 be
                 well
                 mixed
                 and
                 incorporated
                 (
                 the
                 which
                 you
                 may
                 easily
                 know
                 if
                 you
                 find
                 it
                 without
                 the
                 least
                 straw
                 or
                 lump
                 )
                 you
                 shall
                 take
                 with
                 a
                 spoon
                 of
                 this
                 mass
                 ,
                 which
                 will
                 be
                 almost
                 all
                 melted
                 and
                 dissolved
                 (
                 whereof
                 they
                 make
                 little
                 Cakes
                 )
                 and
                 and
                 put
                 into
                 boxes
                 ,
                 which
                 by
                 that
                 time
                 it
                 is
                 cold
                 will
                 become
                 hard
                 and
                 firm
                 .
                 You
                 must
                 observe
                 nevertheless
                 ,
                 that
                 to
                 make
                 these
                 Cakes
                 they
                 throw
                 
                 a
                 spoonful
                 of
                 the
                 Liquor
                 on
                 some
                 paper
                 ,
                 or
                 as
                 in
                 the
                 Indies
                 on
                 some
                 great
                 leaves
                 ,
                 like
                 those
                 of
                 the
                 Plane-Tree
                 ,
                 our
                 Author
                 means
                 here
                 the
                 Indian
                 plane-tree
                 and
                 not
                 that
                 of
                 Europe
                 ,
                 for
                 the
                 Platanus
                 of
                 the
                 Indies
                 was
                 so
                 named
                 by
                 the
                 Spaniards
                 for
                 reasons
                 that
                 are
                 unknown
                 to
                 us
                 ,
                 for
                 it
                 has
                 no
                 resemblance
                 with
                 our
                 Plane-tree
                 ,
                 but
                 it
                 is
                 rather
                 like
                 the
                 Palm
                 tree
                 ,
                 as
                 well
                 in
                 shape
                 as
                 in
                 the
                 bigness
                 of
                 the
                 leaves
                 ,
                 which
                 are
                 so
                 large
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 cover
                 a
                 man
                 from
                 head
                 to
                 foot
                 .
                 T
                 is
                 also
                 observable
                 ,
                 that
                 these
                 leaves
                 serve
                 for
                 the
                 same
                 use
                 as
                 paper
                 with
                 us
                 :
                 But
                 to
                 the
                 purpose
                 ;
                 two
                 or
                 three
                 spoonfuls
                 being
                 thus
                 put
                 on
                 one
                 of
                 these
                 leaves
                 ,
                 and
                 set
                 in
                 the
                 shade
                 ,
                 do
                 soon
                 grow
                 hard
                 ,
                 and
                 afterwards
                 folding
                 or
                 doubling
                 the
                 paper
                 ,
                 those
                 Cakes
                 ,
                 as
                 being
                 very
                 fat
                 ,
                 are
                 easily
                 separated
                 from
                 the
                 paper
                 :
                 But
                 if
                 you
                 should
                 pour
                 it
                 into
                 some
                 earthen
                 Vessel
                 ,
                 or
                 on
                 some
                 board
                 it
                 is
                 not
                 easie
                 to
                 unfasten
                 those
                 Cakes
                 ,
                 or
                 get
                 them
                 off
                 whole
                 .
              
               
                 They
                 drink
                 this
                 li●uor
                 in
                 the
                 Indies
                 two
                 wayes
                 ,
                 of
                 which
                 the
                 first
                 and
                 most
                 ordinary
                 is
                 to
                 take
                 it
                 hot
                 with
                 Atholle
                 ,
                 an
                 ancient
                 Drink
                 of
                 the
                 Indians
                 ,
                 who
                 
                 call
                 by
                 this
                 name
                 ,
                 a
                 Drink
                 made
                 of
                 the
                 flower
                 of
                 Maiz
                 ,
                 well
                 steept
                 in
                 Water
                 ,
                 and
                 boyl'd
                 to
                 a
                 clear
                 Liquor
                 ,
                 or
                 rather
                 like
                 starch
                 ;
                 but
                 there
                 be
                 other
                 different
                 sorts
                 thereof
                 which
                 are
                 excellently
                 well
                 described
                 by
                 Laet
                 in
                 his
                 7th
                 .
                 Book
                 Chap.
                 3.
                 which
                 the
                 curious
                 may
                 consult
                 at
                 their
                 leasure
                 :
                 That
                 discourse
                 being
                 too
                 great
                 a
                 digression
                 to
                 be
                 here
                 inserted
                 .
                 With
                 this
                 Liquor
                 the
                 Indians
                 mix
                 their
                 Chocolate
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 make
                 it
                 more
                 wholsom
                 they
                 clear
                 the
                 Maiz
                 ,
                 by
                 taking
                 away
                 the
                 upper
                 skin
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 Windy
                 ,
                 and
                 begets
                 melancholick
                 humours
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 there
                 remains
                 the
                 best
                 and
                 most
                 substantial
                 thereof
                 :
                 Return
                 we
                 now
                 to
                 the
                 second
                 manner
                 ,
                 of
                 taking
                 it
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 the
                 modern
                 and
                 has
                 been
                 introduced
                 since
                 the
                 Spaniards
                 have
                 made
                 use
                 of
                 this
                 Chocolate
                 ,
                 the
                 which
                 is
                 also
                 two
                 fold
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 first
                 is
                 to
                 steep
                 or
                 dissolve
                 the
                 Chocolate
                 in
                 cold
                 Water
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 take
                 off
                 the
                 scum
                 which
                 they
                 put
                 into
                 another
                 dish
                 ,
                 then
                 to
                 set
                 the
                 remainder
                 over
                 the
                 fire
                 ,
                 putting
                 therein
                 as
                 much
                 Sugar
                 as
                 you
                 shall
                 judge
                 convenient
                 to
                 sweeten
                 it
                 ,
                 and
                 lastly
                 it
                 being
                 hot
                 
                 and
                 having
                 mixed
                 the
                 Scum
                 therewith
                 ,
                 which
                 you
                 had
                 set
                 apart
                 ,
                 you
                 may
                 drink
                 it
                 .
                 Before
                 I
                 give
                 you
                 the
                 other
                 way
                 of
                 making
                 this
                 Liquor
                 't
                 will
                 not
                 be
                 amiss
                 to
                 describe
                 the
                 Cup
                 or
                 Goblet
                 wherein
                 they
                 drink
                 the
                 Chocolate
                 ,
                 made
                 of
                 Xicara
                 ,
                 or
                 Coco
                 ,
                 which
                 the
                 Mexicans
                 call
                 Tecomates
                 .
                 They
                 also
                 make
                 them
                 of
                 the
                 fruit
                 of
                 a
                 certain
                 Tree
                 call'd
                 by
                 the
                 Spaniards
                 Higuero
                 ,
                 the
                 Tree
                 is
                 very
                 big
                 ▪
                 which
                 bears
                 leaves
                 in
                 shape
                 and
                 largeness
                 like
                 to
                 our
                 Mulberry
                 Tree
                 ,
                 and
                 has
                 a
                 fruit
                 like
                 the
                 gourd
                 ,
                 whereof
                 the
                 Savages
                 make
                 Cups
                 to
                 drink
                 their
                 Chocolate
                 ,
                 as
                 to
                 the
                 Palms
                 which
                 bear
                 these
                 Coco's
                 I
                 have
                 nothing
                 to
                 say
                 to
                 them
                 ,
                 which
                 yet
                 are
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 stupendious
                 Miracles
                 of
                 Nature
                 ,
                 I
                 shall
                 only
                 take
                 notice
                 with
                 the
                 Learned
                 Doctor
                 Paludanus
                 ,
                 in
                 his
                 remark
                 on
                 the
                 Voyage
                 of
                 Linschot
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Coco
                 is
                 covered
                 with
                 two
                 barks
                 ,
                 the
                 first
                 whereof
                 is
                 rough
                 ,
                 and
                 hairy
                 ,
                 of
                 which
                 they
                 make
                 the
                 Cables
                 and
                 Cordage
                 of
                 a
                 Ship
                 ,
                 of
                 the
                 next
                 Shell
                 they
                 make
                 these
                 Cups
                 ;
                 the
                 common
                 opinion
                 being
                 that
                 these
                 Cups
                 have
                 an
                 innate
                 vertue
                 (
                 of
                 which
                 the
                 Chocolate
                 being
                 put
                 therein
                 
                 participates
                 )
                 against
                 the
                 Apoplexy
                 .
                 
                   Sed
                   haec
                   o
                   biter
                
                 .
                 To
                 the
                 purpose
                 therefore
                 .
                 The
                 Second
                 way
                 of
                 preparing
                 this
                 liquor
                 is
                 to
                 heat
                 the
                 water
                 ,
                 puting
                 into
                 this
                 forementioned
                 Cup
                 ,
                 as
                 much
                 Chocolate
                 as
                 is
                 thereto
                 necessary
                 ,
                 and
                 withal
                 a
                 little
                 water
                 ,
                 then
                 working
                 the
                 Chocolate
                 and
                 incorporating
                 it
                 till
                 it
                 be
                 well
                 mixt
                 ,
                 and
                 dissolv'd
                 all
                 in
                 the
                 Cup
                 ,
                 put
                 the
                 rest
                 of
                 your
                 hot
                 water
                 with
                 some
                 Sugar
                 therein
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 drink
                 it
                 :
                 Thus
                 in
                 Spain
                 .
                 But
                 we
                 in
                 England
                 usually
                 boyl
                 the
                 Chocolate
                 with
                 the
                 water
                 ,
                 and
                 some
                 to
                 make
                 it
                 more
                 dainty
                 ,
                 though
                 less
                 wholesome
                 ,
                 use
                 therein
                 Eggs
                 and
                 Milk.
                 There
                 is
                 yet
                 another
                 way
                 ,
                 something
                 different
                 from
                 this
                 former
                 ,
                 for
                 they
                 boyl
                 both
                 the
                 Chocolate
                 and
                 water
                 together
                 till
                 there
                 swims
                 at
                 top
                 a
                 fat
                 buttery
                 substance
                 ,
                 taking
                 care
                 ,
                 that
                 there
                 is
                 not
                 too
                 great
                 a
                 fire
                 to
                 make
                 it
                 boyl
                 over
                 :
                 But
                 this
                 way
                 I
                 do
                 in
                 no
                 wise
                 approve
                 of
                 ,
                 for
                 the
                 fat
                 separating
                 it self
                 from
                 the
                 earthy
                 parts
                 ,
                 this
                 sinks
                 to
                 the
                 bottom
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 other
                 keeps
                 at
                 top
                 ,
                 so
                 that
                 being
                 thus
                 drunk
                 ,
                 the
                 first
                 loosens
                 the
                 stomack
                 ,
                 and
                 takes
                 away
                 the
                 appetite
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 latter
                 causes
                 melancholy
                 ,
                 &c.
                 
              
               
               
                 There
                 is
                 another
                 way
                 of
                 making
                 this
                 drink
                 of
                 Chocolate
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 cold
                 ,
                 which
                 takes
                 its
                 name
                 from
                 its
                 principal
                 ingredient
                 ,
                 and
                 is
                 therefore
                 called
                 Chocolate
                 ,
                 whereof
                 they
                 take
                 to
                 refresh
                 themselves
                 ,
                 and
                 is
                 made
                 after
                 this
                 manner
                 .
                 They
                 steep
                 the
                 Chocolate
                 powder'd
                 into
                 a
                 little
                 water
                 ,
                 working
                 it
                 well
                 with
                 the
                 little
                 Mill
                 ,
                 whence
                 they
                 abstract
                 a
                 very
                 large
                 scum
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 so
                 much
                 the
                 more
                 augmented
                 by
                 how
                 much
                 the
                 Cacao
                 is
                 more
                 old
                 ,
                 and
                 rotten
                 ,
                 this
                 scum
                 they
                 put
                 into
                 a
                 dish
                 a
                 part
                 ,
                 mixing
                 therewith
                 a
                 sufficient
                 quantity
                 of
                 Sugar
                 ,
                 which
                 done
                 they
                 set
                 it
                 up
                 for
                 their
                 use
                 ,
                 and
                 drink
                 it
                 cold
                 ,
                 when
                 they
                 find
                 they
                 have
                 need
                 thereof
                 ,
                 but
                 it
                 is
                 to
                 be
                 understood
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 do
                 not
                 take
                 this
                 sort
                 in
                 Winter
                 ,
                 but
                 in
                 the
                 greatest
                 heat
                 of
                 Summer
                 ,
                 yet
                 thus
                 prepared
                 it
                 is
                 so
                 extraordinary
                 cooling
                 ,
                 that
                 it
                 does
                 not
                 agree
                 with
                 all
                 stomachs
                 ,
                 for
                 experience
                 shews
                 the
                 ill
                 thereof
                 ,
                 it
                 causing
                 distempers
                 in
                 the
                 stomach
                 ,
                 and
                 cheifly
                 to
                 Women
                 .
                 I
                 would
                 here
                 give
                 you
                 the
                 cause
                 and
                 reason
                 thereof
                 ,
                 but
                 I
                 shall
                 omit
                 it
                 ,
                 that
                 I
                 may
                 not
                 seem
                 too
                 prolix
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 trespass
                 on
                 the
                 Readers
                 patience
                 .
              
               
               
                 There
                 is
                 also
                 another
                 way
                 of
                 drinking
                 it
                 cold
                 ,
                 which
                 so
                 prepared
                 is
                 call'd
                 
                   Cacao
                   Pinoli
                
                 ,
                 it
                 is
                 made
                 in
                 adding
                 to
                 the
                 same
                 Chocolate
                 (
                 after
                 having
                 made
                 the
                 confection
                 as
                 we
                 have
                 shewed
                 )
                 an
                 equal
                 quantity
                 of
                 Maiz
                 parcht
                 and
                 pounded
                 ,
                 but
                 first
                 well
                 cleared
                 of
                 its
                 skin
                 ,
                 the
                 which
                 being
                 beaten
                 in
                 the
                 Mortar
                 with
                 the
                 Chocolate
                 becomes
                 a
                 powder
                 and
                 mingles
                 it self
                 with
                 the
                 other
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 the
                 powders
                 managed
                 as
                 we
                 shewed
                 just
                 before
                 arises
                 a
                 Scum
                 which
                 they
                 also
                 take
                 and
                 use
                 as
                 the
                 precedent
                 drink
                 .
              
               
                 There
                 is
                 yet
                 another
                 shorter
                 then
                 the
                 former
                 (
                 'T
                 is
                 the
                 same
                 with
                 ours
                 )
                 and
                 therefore
                 more
                 fit
                 for
                 men
                 of
                 business
                 ,
                 who
                 have
                 not
                 the
                 leasure
                 to
                 attend
                 a
                 longer
                 preparation
                 ,
                 the
                 which
                 is
                 very
                 wholesom
                 ,
                 and
                 't
                 is
                 that
                 I
                 make
                 use
                 of
                 my self
                 ;
                 whilst
                 you
                 set
                 on
                 the
                 water
                 to
                 boyl
                 ▪
                 you
                 must
                 take
                 a
                 Cake
                 of
                 Chocolate
                 ,
                 which
                 you
                 may
                 either
                 pound
                 in
                 the
                 Mortar
                 ,
                 or
                 rather
                 grate
                 it
                 to
                 a
                 fine
                 powder
                 ,
                 mixing
                 it
                 with
                 some
                 Sugar
                 ,
                 in
                 a
                 little
                 pot
                 ,
                 the
                 water
                 being
                 hot
                 you
                 must
                 pour
                 the
                 Chocolate
                 therein
                 ,
                 then
                 taking
                 it
                 from
                 
                 the
                 fire
                 ,
                 work
                 it
                 well
                 with
                 your
                 little
                 Mill
                 ,
                 and
                 for
                 want
                 of
                 that
                 ,
                 brew
                 it
                 a
                 score
                 times
                 ,
                 out
                 of
                 one
                 pot
                 into
                 another
                 ,
                 which
                 yet
                 does
                 not
                 so
                 well
                 incorporate
                 it
                 as
                 the
                 Mill
                 ;
                 this
                 being
                 done
                 ,
                 let
                 it
                 be
                 drunk
                 without
                 separating
                 from
                 it
                 the
                 scum
                 ,
                 as
                 is
                 usual
                 in
                 the
                 aforesaid
                 preparations
                 .
              
            
          
           
             
             
               THE
               FOURTH
               PART
               .
            
             
               IN
               this
               last
               part
               it
               remains
               to
               shew
               you
               in
               what
               quantity
               the
               Chocolate
               is
               to
               be
               drunk
               ,
               in
               what
               time
               we
               must
               make
               use
               thereof
               ,
               and
               to
               what
               persons
               'tis
               most
               proper
               ,
               and
               agreeable
               ,
               for
               some
               using
               it
               too
               excessively
               ,
               I
               do
               not
               mean
               only
               Chocolate
               ,
               but
               also
               all
               sorts
               of
               food
               and
               Liquors
               ,
               how
               good
               and
               excellent
               soever
               the
               things
               are
               in
               thier
               own
               Nature
               ,
               do
               thence
               receive
               great
               incommodities
               ,
               and
               mischiefs
               ,
               and
               if
               some
               persons
               do
               complain
               ,
               that
               it
               causes
               obstructions
               ,
               't
               is
               by
               reason
               of
               the
               excessive
               use
               thereof
               ;
               just
               so
               we
               see
               Wine
               ,
               which
               if
               excessively
               drunk
               instead
               of
               heating
               ,
               breeds
               oftentimes
               cold
               Distempers
               ,
               Nature
               not
               being
               able
               to
               surmount
               nor
               turn
               in
               its
               substance
               so
               great
               a
               quantity
               thereof
               ;
               so
               likewise
               those
               that
               drink
               too
               much
               Chocolate
               ,
               
               since
               that
               it
               has
               several
               fat
               parts
               ,
               which
               cannot
               disperse
               themselves
               in
               the
               same
               quantity
               through
               all
               the
               body
               ,
               it
               must
               necessarily
               follow
               that
               obstructions
               are
               caused
               by
               those
               which
               remain
               in
               the
               little
               Veins
               of
               the
               Liver
               ,
               which
               may
               be
               remedied
               ,
               if
               a
               Man
               will
               content
               himself
               with
               five
               or
               six
               ounces
               only
               of
               Chocolate
               in
               the
               Winter
               time
               ,
               and
               if
               he
               that
               takes
               thereof
               is
               bilious
               and
               subject
               to
               melancholly
               ,
               instead
               of
               drinking
               it
               with
               common
               Water
               let
               him
               use
               therewith
               Endive
               water
               ,
               the
               same
               thing
               is
               to
               be
               done
               in
               the
               Summer
               ,
               by
               those
               that
               would
               take
               it
               as
               a
               Medicine
               against
               the
               obstructions
               and
               hot
               Distempers
               of
               the
               Liver
               ;
               but
               he
               that
               is
               troubled
               with
               the
               coldness
               of
               Liver
               ,
               and
               full
               of
               obstructions
               shall
               take
               the
               same
               Chocolate
               with
               Water
               of
               Rhubard
               .
            
             
               In
               fine
               it
               may
               be
               safely
               (
               if
               regularly
               )
               used
               as
               long
               as
               till
               the
               month
               of
               May
               ,
               especially
               if
               the
               air
               be
               temperate
               ,
               but
               I
               do
               not
               at
               all
               approve
               the
               use
               thereof
               during
               the
               Dog-days
               ,
               unless
               by
               those
               to
               whom
               it
               will
               do
               no
               hurt
               by
               reason
               of
               an
               habitual
               custom
               and
               continual
               use
               thereof
               .
               
               Then
               if
               any
               one
               stands
               in
               need
               thereof
               ,
               even
               in
               the
               Dog-days
               ,
               and
               if
               he
               be
               of
               an
               hot
               constitution
               ,
               he
               shall
               take
               it
               mixt
               with
               Endive
               Water
               ,
               from
               four
               days
               to
               four
               days
               ,
               especially
               if
               in
               the
               morning
               he
               finds
               his
               Stomach
               to
               be
               weak
               ,
               and
               feeble
               .
               And
               although
               it
               be
               very
               true
               ,
               that
               in
               the
               Indies
               ,
               which
               is
               a
               very
               hot
               Country
               they
               take
               it
               at
               all
               times
               ,
               and
               that
               by
               consequence
               one
               might
               do
               the
               same
               in
               Spain
               and
               in
               our
               other
               European
               Countries
               ,
               which
               are
               far
               less
               hot
               ,
               nevertheless
               I
               answer
               thereto
               ,
               that
               first
               we
               must
               attribute
               that
               to
               Custom
               .
               In
               the
               second
               place
               that
               the
               excessive
               heat
               of
               those
               Countries
               being
               joyntly
               annexed
               to
               an
               excessive
               moistness
               ,
               which
               helps
               to
               open
               the
               pores
               of
               the
               Body
               it
               happens
               oftentimes
               that
               there
               follows
               so
               great
               a
               dissipation
               or
               spending
               of
               the
               proper
               substance
               of
               the
               Body
               ,
               that
               one
               might
               not
               only
               make
               use
               of
               Chocolate
               in
               the
               morning
               ,
               but
               also
               all
               day
               long
               ,
               without
               any
               injury
               or
               detriment
               .
               And
               it
               is
               also
               as
               true
               ,
               that
               by
               the
               excessive
               heat
               of
               the
               Country
               the
               Natural
               heat
               is
               wasted
               ,
               and
               exhaled
               ,
               and
               that
               the
               heat
               of
               
               the
               Stomach
               and
               other
               interiour
               parts
               of
               the
               body
               so
               extend
               ,
               and
               spread
               themselves
               to
               the
               exterior
               ,
               that
               notwithstanding
               this
               excess
               of
               heat
               the
               stomach
               remains
               cold
               ,
               so
               that
               they
               receive
               great
               profit
               and
               advantage
               not
               only
               from
               Chocolate
               (
               the
               which
               as
               we
               have
               proved
               is
               moderately
               hot
               )
               but
               also
               from
               pure
               Wine
               ,
               the
               which
               ,
               though
               it
               be
               very
               hot
               does
               no
               hurt
               ,
               but
               on
               the
               contrary
               ,
               rather
               fortifies
               ,
               and
               cherishes
               the
               Stomach
               ;
               but
               if
               amongst
               these
               excessive
               heats
               ,
               the
               Indians
               should
               drink
               Water
               ,
               they
               would
               receive
               notable
               detriments
               by
               the
               coolness
               ,
               which
               it
               would
               cause
               in
               the
               Stomach
               ,
               whereby
               the
               concoction
               would
               be
               corrupted
               ,
               and
               produce
               several
               other
               bad
               Distempers
               .
            
             
               You
               must
               take
               notice
               also
               ,
               that
               the
               terrestrial
               parts
               ,
               which
               we
               have
               said
               are
               in
               Cacao
               ,
               sink
               to
               the
               bottom
               of
               the
               Cup
               ,
               when
               you
               boyl
               your
               Chocolate
               ,
               yet
               there
               be
               some
               who
               think
               that
               which
               falls
               to
               the
               bottom
               is
               the
               best
               and
               most
               substantial
               of
               all
               ,
               and
               therefore
               those
               that
               drink
               thereof
               do
               undergo
               great
               danger
               ;
               but
               besides
               that
               this
               substance
               is
               earthy
               ,
               thick
               ,
               obstructive
               ,
               
               it
               breeds
               melancholy
               humours
               ,
               so
               that
               we
               must
               avoid
               it
               as
               much
               as
               we
               can
               ,
               contenting
               our selves
               with
               the
               best
               which
               is
               the
               most
               substantial
               .
               Lastly
               it
               remains
               to
               resolve
               one
               difficulty
               which
               I
               have
               lively
               touched
               here
               before
               ,
               that
               is
               to
               say
               ,
               what
               is
               the
               Cause
               that
               Chocolate
               does
               so
               much
               fatten
               those
               that
               drink
               thereof
               ?
               For
               if
               we
               consider
               all
               the
               ingredients
               except
               the
               Cacao
               ,
               we
               shall
               find
               that
               their
               quality
               is
               rather
               to
               extenuate
               ;
               and
               make
               lean
               the
               body
               ,
               than
               to
               fatten
               ,
               as
               being
               all
               hot
               and
               dry
               ,
               in
               the
               third
               degree
               .
               The
               qualities
               likewise
               of
               the
               Cacao
               ,
               as
               we
               have
               shewed
               you
               in
               the
               beginning
               ,
               being
               cold
               and
               dry
               are
               altogether
               unfit
               to
               cause
               fatness
               .
               I
               affirm
               however
               that
               the
               great
               quantity
               of
               buttery
               parts
               ,
               which
               I
               have
               proved
               to
               be
               in
               the
               Cacao
               ,
               are
               those
               which
               fatten
               ,
               and
               that
               the
               hot
               ingredients
               of
               this
               composition
               ,
               serve
               instead
               of
               a
               Pipe
               or
               Conduit
               to
               derive
               it
               ,
               and
               make
               it
               pass
               by
               the
               Liver
               ,
               and
               the
               other
               parts
               till
               they
               arrive
               at
               the
               fleshy
               parts
               :
               Where
               finding
               a
               substance
               which
               is
               like
               and
               conformable
               to
               them
               ,
               to
               
               wit
               hot
               and
               moist
               ,
               such
               as
               are
               these
               buttery
               parts
               ,
               converting
               themselves
               into
               the
               substance
               of
               the
               subject
               they
               augment
               ,
               and
               fatten
               it
               .
               One
               might
               say
               several
               others
               things
               drawn
               from
               the
               fountain
               of
               Philosophy
               and
               Physick
               ,
               but
               as
               being
               more
               fit
               for
               the
               Schools
               than
               for
               our
               discourse
               we
               shall
               omit
               them
               .
               I
               shall
               only
               take
               notice
               that
               to
               my
               Receipt
               one
               might
               add
               the
               Seeds
               of
               a
               
                 Melon
                 ,
                 Gourd
              
               or
               Valenzia
               (
               I
               could
               never
               find
               out
               what
               sort
               of
               drug
               this
               Valenzia
               is
               ,
               however
               one
               may
               venter
               to
               say
               it
               is
               of
               the
               same
               Nature
               with
               the
               Seeds
               of
               a
               Cucumber
               ,
               )
               the
               which
               beat
               to
               a
               powder
               will
               be
               extraordinary
               good
               for
               those
               that
               have
               the
               Liver
               ,
               or
               the
               reins
               excessive
               hot
               ,
               and
               if
               there
               happen
               any
               obstructions
               in
               the
               Liver
               or
               Spleen
               ,
               with
               a
               cold
               intemperature
               ,
               ●ou
               may
               mix
               amongst
               the
               rest
               the
               powder
               of
               
                 Harts
                 tongue
              
               ,
               or
               Ceterach
               ,
               and
               with
               all
               these
               compositions
               to
               give
               thereto
               a
               good
               odour
               ,
               you
               may
               put
               a
               little
               Amber-greece
               or
               Musk.
               I
               shall
               receive
               no
               small
               satisfaction
               if
               this
               little
               Treatise
               and
               Discourse
               may
               be
               acceptable
               and
               agreeable
               to
               all
               the
               World.
               
            
             
               FINIS
               .