An essay upon the nature and qualities of tea ... by J. Ovington ...
         Ovington, J. (John), 1653-1731.
      
       
         
           1699
        
      
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         98217
         
           
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             An essay upon the nature and qualities of tea ... by J. Ovington ...
             Ovington, J. (John), 1653-1731.
          
           [6], 39 p. : ill.
           
             Printed by and for R. Roberts,
             London :
             1699.
          
           
             Reproduction of original in Cambridge University Library.
             (from t.p.) I. The soil and climate where it grows -- II. The various kinds of it -- III. The rules for chusing what is best -- IV. The means of preserving it -- V. The several virtues for which it is fam'd.
          
        
      
    
     
       
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         eng
      
       
         
           Tea -- Early works to 1800.
        
      
    
     
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               Fig
               :
               1.
               
               The
               Plant
               in
               Leaf
               ,
               Flower
               &
               Fruit
               of
               Tea
            
          
        
      
       
         
         
           AN
           ESSAY
           UPON
           THE
           NATURE
           and
           QUALITIES
           OF
           TEA
           .
           Wherein
           are
           shown
           ,
           
             
               I.
               The
               Soil
               and
               Climate
               where
               it
               grows
               .
            
             
               II.
               The
               various
               Kinds
               of
               it
               .
            
             
               III.
               The
               Rules
               for
               Chusing
               what
               is
               best
               .
            
             
               IV.
               The
               Means
               of
               Preserving
               it
               .
            
             
               V.
               The
               several
               Virtues
               for
               which
               it
               is
               fam'd
               .
            
          
        
         
           By
           
             J.
             OVINGTON
          
           ,
           M.
           A.
           Chaplain
           to
           His
           Majesty
           .
        
         
           
             THEA
             est
             de
             coelo
             missa
             terrae
             progenies
             ,
             Divini
             nominis
             aemula
             herba
             .
          
           
             Peclin
             .
             de
             usu
             Theae
             .
          
        
         
           LONDON
           :
           Printed
           by
           and
           for
           
             R.
             Roberts
          
           ,
           1699.
           
        
      
    
     
       
         
         
         
           TO
           The
           Right
           Honourable
           THE
           Countess
           of
           GRANTHAM
           .
        
         
           
             MADAM
             ,
          
        
         
           'T
           IS
           from
           Your
           innate
           Goodness
           only
           ,
           and
           that
           condescending
           Temper
           which
           is
           so
           remarkable
           in
           You
           ,
           that
           this
           Foreign
           Leaf
           dares
           presume
           to
           court
           Your
           Favour
           ,
           and
           hope
           for
           a
           welcom
           Entertainment
           .
           For
           where
           can
           a
           Stranger
           ,
           that
           was
           always
           bred
           among
           a
           People
           the
           most
           polite
           of
           any
           in
           the
           World
           ,
           expect
           a
           kind
           Reception
           with
           more
           Assurance
           ,
           than
           from
           a
           Person
           ,
           whose
           Conversation
           is
           adorn'd
           with
           all
           that
           Civility
           that
           even
           China
           it self
           can
           boast
           of
           ?
           And
           therefore
           while
           it
           
           gains
           Your
           Countenance
           ,
           't
           will
           find
           it self
           as
           happy
           here
           ,
           as
           if
           it
           still
           had
           stay'd
           at
           home
           ;
           nay
           ,
           rather
           with
           Advantage
           to
           have
           chang'd
           its
           delightful
           native
           Soil
           ,
           while
           't
           is
           under
           the
           more
           pleasant
           Influences
           of
           Your
           Protection
           .
        
         
           But
           though
           the
           Name
           of
           a
           Person
           ,
           Madam
           ,
           so
           Eminent
           as
           You
           are
           ,
           both
           upon
           the
           Account
           of
           Your
           Illustrious
           ORMOND
           Family
           ,
           and
           those
           particular
           Accomplishments
           which
           give
           You
           so
           distinguishing
           a
           Character
           ,
           were
           enough
           to
           recommend
           this
           healthful
           Herb
           to
           any
           that
           were
           in
           the
           least
           acquainted
           with
           either
           of
           them
           ;
           yet
           is
           it
           not
           it self
           destitute
           of
           some
           peculiar
           Virtues
           ,
           which
           may
           justly
           claim
           a
           very
           favourable
           Encouragement
           from
           us
           .
        
         
           For
           it
           is
           generally
           acknowledg'd
           
           to
           be
           both
           Pleasant
           and
           Medicinal
           ,
           at
           once
           to
           delight
           the
           Palate
           and
           correct
           the
           Disease
           ,
           and
           to
           heal
           the
           Distemper
           without
           giving
           any
           Disturbance
           to
           the
           Stomach
           .
        
         
           And
           certainly
           were
           the
           Custom
           of
           Drinking
           it
           as
           Universal
           here
           ,
           as
           it
           is
           in
           the
           Eastern
           Countries
           ,
           we
           should
           quickly
           find
           that
           Men
           might
           be
           chearful
           with
           Sobriety
           ,
           and
           witty
           without
           the
           Danger
           of
           losing
           their
           Senses
           ;
           and
           that
           they
           might
           even
           double
           the
           Days
           of
           their
           natural
           Life
           ,
           by
           converting
           it
           all
           into
           Enjoyment
           ,
           exempt
           from
           several
           painful
           and
           acute
           Diseases
           ,
           occasion'd
           very
           often
           by
           a
           pernicious
           Excess
           of
           inflaming
           Liquors
           ,
           which
           render
           it
           rather
           a
           Burthen
           ,
           than
           a
           Blessing
           to
           us
           .
        
         
           But
           in
           pity
           ,
           Madam
           ,
           to
           this
           tender
           Leaf
           ,
           I
           must
           cease
           from
           Panegyrick
           ,
           
           lest
           it
           should
           create
           a
           Satyr
           ,
           and
           the
           innocent
           Praises
           of
           it
           be
           eccho'd
           back
           in
           sharp
           Invectives
           .
           For
           since
           its
           Constitution
           is
           so
           nice
           and
           delicate
           ,
           as
           to
           be
           injur'd
           even
           by
           common
           Air
           ,
           it
           will
           never
           be
           able
           to
           withstand
           the
           Malignity
           of
           an
           envious
           Breath
           ,
           unless
           Your
           Honour
           and
           Goodness
           interpose
           ,
           which
           are
           so
           conspicuous
           ,
           that
           Malice
           it self
           would
           blush
           to
           fix
           an
           Imputation
           upon
           them
           .
        
         
           And
           from
           these
           Excellencies
           of
           Yours
           ,
           which
           are
           the
           Crown
           and
           Ornament
           of
           Nobility
           ,
           the
           Author
           hopes
           to
           find
           Your
           Pardon
           in
           the
           present
           Dedication
           ;
           and
           that
           the
           Greatness
           of
           Your
           Mind
           will
           at
           this
           time
           show
           it self
           in
           Your
           Indulgence
           to
           ,
        
         
           
             Madam
             ,
          
           
             
               Your
               most
               Humble
               ,
               and
               most
               Obedient
               Servant
               ,
            
             I.
             Ovington
             .
          
        
      
       
         
         
           AN
           ESSAY
           UPON
           THE
           Nature
           and
           Qualities
           OF
           TEA
           .
        
         
           THough
           the
           Use
           of
           Tea
           has
           for
           many
           Years
           past
           been
           highly
           approv'd
           of
           in
           the
           Empires
           of
           China
           and
           Japan
           ,
           which
           are
           at
           present
           the
           chief
           Kingdoms
           that
           
           cherish
           this
           
             celebrated
             Leaf
          
           ;
           yet
           since
           the
           Europeans
           by
           their
           frequent
           Navigations
           have
           open'd
           a
           freer
           Trade
           and
           Commerce
           to
           those
           Parts
           ,
           and
           have
           thereby
           been
           better
           acquainted
           with
           the
           Genius
           of
           those
           People
           ,
           and
           their
           Manner
           of
           Life
           ,
           they
           have
           thereby
           taken
           occasion
           to
           inform
           us
           ,
           among
           other
           things
           ,
           with
           the
           singular
           Esteem
           which
           those
           
             Eastern
             Nations
          
           harbour
           for
           it
           ,
           and
           of
           what
           daily
           Use
           it
           is
           among
           them
           .
           Whereupon
           this
           
             Western
             World
          
           has
           been
           induc'd
           of
           late
           to
           encourage
           the
           Importation
           of
           it
           ,
           
           and
           make
           some
           Experiments
           of
           its
           admirable
           Effects
           ,
           either
           out
           of
           Curiosity
           ,
           because
           of
           its
           Novelty
           ;
           or
           out
           of
           Pleasure
           of
           gratifying
           the
           Palate
           ;
           or
           because
           of
           some
           
             Medicinal
             Vertues
          
           ,
           with
           which
           it
           is
           pregnant
           .
           And
           since
           the
           Drinking
           of
           it
           has
           of
           late
           obtain'd
           here
           so
           universally
           ,
           as
           to
           
           be
           affected
           both
           by
           the
           Scholar
           and
           the
           Tradesman
           ,
           to
           become
           both
           a
           private
           Regale
           at
           Court
           ,
           and
           to
           be
           made
           use
           of
           in
           places
           of
           
             publick
             Entertainment
          
           ,
           which
           has
           greatly
           rais'd
           the
           Character
           ,
           and
           gain'd
           it
           a
           singular
           Repute
           ;
           it
           might
           not
           be
           amiss
           therefore
           to
           draw
           up
           a
           short
           Account
           of
           its
           Nature
           and
           Qualities
           ,
           to
           satisfy
           such
           as
           are
           its
           curious
           Admirers
           with
           the
           Knowledge
           of
           its
           Use.
           I
           will
           here
           discourse
           therefore
           of
           the
           Climate
           and
           Soil
           this
           Herb
           grows
           in
           ,
           and
           its
           
             various
             Kinds
          
           ;
           of
           the
           
             Method
             of
             chusing
          
           what
           is
           best
           ,
           and
           the
           
             means
             of
             preserving
             it
          
           ;
           and
           the
           several
           Virtues
           for
           which
           it
           is
           fam'd
           :
           With
           an
           Answer
           to
           one
           Objection
           or
           two
           which
           are
           sometimes
           urg'd
           against
           it
           .
        
         
           That
           which
           in
           England
           is
           called
           Tea
           ,
           
           is
           in
           some
           other
           places
           pronounc'd
           
           Thee
           ,
           especially
           in
           the
           Province
           of
           Fokien
           ,
           which
           lies
           in
           China
           between
           25
           and
           30
           deg
           .
           of
           Latitude
           .
           But
           there
           ,
           they
           say
           ,
           the
           word
           is
           corrupted
           ;
           for
           such
           as
           pretend
           to
           the
           genuine
           and
           primitive
           Pronunciation
           of
           it
           ,
           will
           have
           it
           term'd
           ,
           according
           to
           the
           Mandarin
           Language
           ,
           
           Tcha
           ,
           and
           some
           Tsia
           .
           But
           how
           different
           soever
           the
           Name
           of
           it
           may
           be
           ,
           the
           thing
           it self
           is
           universally
           agreed
           in
           .
        
         
           This
           Tea
           is
           a
           Leaf
           which
           grows
           upon
           a
           Shrub
           in
           China
           and
           Japan
           ,
           
           not
           exceeding
           either
           in
           Height
           or
           Breadth
           our
           Rose
           or
           Goosberry-Bushes
           in
           Europe
           .
           The
           Branches
           of
           which
           ,
           from
           the
           Root
           to
           the
           Top
           ,
           are
           cloath'd
           with
           abundance
           of
           tender
           Leaves
           of
           different
           Magnitude
           ,
           though
           of
           the
           same
           Form
           and
           Shape
           .
           For
           Coronius
           ,
           who
           liv'd
           several
           years
           
           in
           the
           Empire
           of
           Japan
           ,
           assures
           us
           ,
           That
           
             upon
             the
             same
             Tree
             are
             Leaves
             of
             five
             different
             Proportions
             ,
             the
             largest
             of
             which
             resemble
             our
             Garden
             Balm
             ,
             and
             grow
             towards
             the
             Root
             ;
             and
             as
             they
             rise
             in
             Height
             ,
             their
             Size
             decreases
             ;
             but
             the
             smallest
             bear
             the
             largest
             Price
             .
             The
             Seed
             of
             it
             is
             round
             and
             black
             ,
             which
             in
             three
             years
             time
             after
             it
             is
             sown
             ,
             produces
             new
             Plants
             .
             But
             the
             Flowers
             of
             it
             ,
             which
             are
             all
             white
             ,
             are
             of
             no
             Esteem
             ;
             the
             main
             Virtue
             is
             lodged
             in
             the
             Leaves
             .
          
           When
           the
           Flowers
           however
           are
           new
           and
           fresh
           ,
           they
           yield
           a
           very
           pleasant
           Smell
           ;
           but
           in
           time
           ,
           as
           I
           have
           seen
           them
           ,
           they
           grow
           yellow
           ;
           and
           being
           put
           into
           Water
           ,
           turn
           it
           brown
           .
           They
           consist
           of
           five
           whitish
           or
           palish
           Leaves
           ,
           with
           many
           Chives
           in
           the
           middle
           of
           the
           Flower
           .
        
         
         
           The
           Shrub
           it self
           is
           of
           a
           strong
           and
           hardy
           Constitution
           ,
           is
           proof
           against
           Storms
           ,
           and
           receives
           no
           Damage
           by
           Snow
           or
           Hail
           ,
           and
           lives
           and
           thrives
           in
           those
           very
           Climates
           ,
           the
           sharpness
           of
           whose
           Air
           might
           seem
           pernicious
           ,
           if
           not
           fatal
           to
           its
           tender
           Leaf
           ;
           for
           the
           Winter
           in
           England
           ,
           in
           some
           places
           where
           it
           grows
           ,
           is
           not
           more
           cold
           .
           The
           
             stony
             Soils
          
           are
           apt
           in
           China
           to
           produce
           the
           choicest
           Tea
           ,
           though
           for
           the
           most
           part
           it
           is
           planted
           there
           in
           the
           Valleys
           ,
           and
           in
           light
           ground
           .
           And
           might
           it
           therefore
           be
           convenient
           to
           have
           it
           brought
           hither
           ,
           there
           is
           nothing
           in
           the
           Nature
           either
           of
           our
           Ground
           or
           Air
           that
           seem
           to
           contradict
           its
           Increase
           among
           us
           ;
           Especially
           if
           sufficient
           Care
           were
           taken
           for
           the
           safe
           and
           cautious
           Transportation
           of
           the
           Seed
           or
           Branches
           ,
           and
           in
           their
           Growth
           they
           were
           expos'd
           ,
           with
           the
           best
           
           Advantage
           ,
           to
           the
           Sun.
           Though
           the
           Art
           here
           used
           for
           raising
           of
           it
           has
           not
           yet
           answer'd
           Expectation
           .
           But
           whether
           this
           proceeds
           from
           the
           Envy
           of
           the
           Chinese
           ,
           who
           are
           said
           to
           boil
           the
           Seed
           ,
           lest
           it
           should
           be
           planted
           any-where
           else
           ;
           or
           from
           the
           Age
           of
           it
           ,
           or
           untimely
           Collection
           of
           it
           ,
           or
           the
           immoderate
           Heat
           of
           the
           Sun
           ,
           and
           variety
           of
           Weathers
           in
           a
           long
           Voyage
           ,
           it
           's
           uncertain
           .
        
         
           The
           Spring
           is
           reputed
           the
           most
           proper
           Season
           for
           gathering
           the
           Leaves
           ,
           
           because
           't
           is
           this
           time
           only
           of
           the
           year
           that
           renders
           them
           most
           soft
           and
           delicate
           ,
           juicy
           and
           tender
           ;
           which
           gives
           the
           Water
           wherein
           they
           are
           infus'd
           both
           a
           more
           pleasant
           Flavor
           to
           gratify
           the
           Smell
           ,
           and
           a
           Taste
           more
           agreeable
           to
           the
           Palate
           .
           And
           certainly
           't
           is
           none
           of
           the
           meanest
           Signs
           
           of
           the
           remarkable
           Ingenuity
           of
           the
           Chinese
           ,
           to
           prepare
           the
           Leaves
           with
           so
           much
           Art
           to
           make
           them
           still
           continue
           green
           ,
           notwithstanding
           all
           the
           Length
           of
           Time
           they
           have
           been
           dried
           .
           Which
           ,
           I
           think
           ,
           is
           not
           very
           usual
           with
           our
           dried
           Herbs
           in
           Europe
           .
        
         
           In
           China
           are
           several
           sorts
           of
           Tea
           ,
           
           which
           are
           unknown
           to
           us
           in
           Europe
           ,
           some
           of
           which
           are
           very
           cheap
           ;
           but
           others
           are
           so
           highly
           valuable
           and
           much
           esteem'd
           ,
           that
           a
           single
           Catte
           is
           look'd
           upon
           as
           a
           Present
           fit
           for
           a
           Mandarin
           .
           
           For
           so
           vastly
           different
           is
           the
           Price
           ,
           that
           one
           single
           Pound
           of
           that
           Tea
           which
           is
           cultivated
           for
           the
           Emperor
           ,
           for
           the
           Nobility
           ,
           and
           Lords
           of
           the
           Court
           ,
           is
           sold
           for
           more
           than
           One
           hundred
           times
           as
           much
           of
           another
           sort
           .
           And
           in
           Japan
           ,
           that
           which
           is
           prepar'd
           for
           the
           Grandees
           
           there
           ,
           is
           both
           planted
           in
           the
           most
           refin'd
           Earth
           ,
           and
           carefully
           defended
           from
           all
           Injuries
           of
           the
           Air
           ,
           from
           all
           excessive
           Colds
           and
           Heats
           ,
           and
           every
           thing
           that
           may
           be
           apt
           to
           offend
           the
           tender
           Leaf
           .
           And
           as
           at
           home
           they
           commonly
           affect
           the
           Entertainment
           of
           a
           numerous
           Multitude
           of
           Servants
           ,
           and
           a
           stately
           Furniture
           of
           Instruments
           for
           the
           Preparation
           of
           their
           Tea
           in
           the
           greatest
           Magnificence
           and
           Splendor
           ;
           so
           they
           want
           not
           abroad
           such
           as
           are
           purposely
           imploy'd
           to
           husband
           it
           with
           the
           utmost
           Care
           and
           Diligence
           ,
           as
           well
           as
           with
           a
           peculiar
           Art.
           But
           that
           which
           is
           generally
           brought
           into
           Europe
           ,
           is
           known
           only
           by
           these
           three
           distinct
           Names
           .
        
         
           The
           first
           Sort
           is
           Bohe
           ,
           or
           ,
           
           as
           the
           Chinese
           have
           it
           ,
           Voüi
           ,
           which
           is
           a
           
             little
             Leaf
             inclining
             to
             black
          
           ,
           and
           generally
           tinges
           the
           Water
           
           brown
           ,
           or
           of
           a
           reddish
           Colour
           .
           Those
           in
           China
           that
           are
           sick
           ,
           or
           are
           very
           careful
           of
           preserving
           their
           Health
           ,
           if
           they
           are
           weak
           ,
           confine
           themselves
           only
           to
           this
           kind
           of
           Tea
           ,
           
           to
           which
           they
           are
           willing
           to
           ascribe
           a
           peculiar
           Virtue
           both
           for
           healing
           and
           preventing
           a
           Disease
           ,
           and
           extol
           it
           as
           a
           mighty
           Friend
           to
           Nature
           when
           it
           is
           grown
           faint
           and
           languishing
           .
           The
           Taste
           of
           it
           ,
           when
           it
           is
           very
           true
           and
           genuine
           ,
           is
           delicious
           and
           pleasant
           ,
           and
           the
           weakest
           Stomach
           is
           able
           to
           bear
           it
           .
           This
           kind
           of
           Tea
           therefore
           is
           both
           in
           Colour
           and
           in
           Nature
           different
           from
           the
           other
           two
           ,
           and
           very
           useful
           to
           such
           as
           are
           wasting
           and
           consumptive
           ,
           and
           excels
           the
           others
           in
           its
           healing
           balsamick
           Quality
           ,
           and
           particularly
           in
           improving
           by
           
             Length
             of
             Time
          
           ,
           which
           is
           very
           pernicious
           to
           the
           rest
           ,
           for
           it
           generally
           grows
           better
           the
           longer
           it
           is
           kept
           .
        
         
         
           The
           second
           Sort
           is
           Singlo
           ,
           
           or
           Soumlo
           with
           the
           Chinese
           ;
           of
           which
           there
           are
           several
           kinds
           ,
           according
           to
           the
           place
           of
           Growth
           ,
           the
           manner
           of
           preparing
           it
           ,
           and
           the
           Nature
           of
           the
           Tea
           .
           But
           that
           which
           is
           imported
           hither
           is
           of
           two
           sorts
           ,
           both
           equally
           good
           .
           One
           of
           them
           is
           a
           
             narrow
             and
             long
             Leaf
          
           .
           The
           other
           smaller
           ,
           and
           of
           a
           
             blewish
             green
             Colour
          
           ,
           which
           tastes
           very
           crisp
           when
           it
           is
           chaw'd
           ,
           and
           afterwards
           looks
           green
           upon
           the
           Hand
           ,
           and
           infuses
           a
           pale
           Greenness
           into
           the
           Water
           .
           The
           Flavor
           of
           it
           is
           fresh
           and
           fine
           ,
           lively
           and
           pleasant
           .
           'T
           is
           strong
           ,
           and
           will
           endure
           the
           Change
           of
           Water
           three
           or
           four
           times
           .
           This
           Tea
           is
           brought
           over
           in
           round
           Totaneg
           Canisters
           pasted
           over
           with
           Paper
           ,
           
           
           and
           inclos'd
           in
           a
           wooden
           Tub
           ,
           containing
           the
           Quantity
           of
           half
           a
           Pecul
           .
           
           And
           that
           you
           may
           more
           plainly
           discern
           whether
           all
           of
           it
           
           be
           new
           or
           no
           ,
           these
           two
           things
           may
           be
           observ'd
           .
           
           First
           ,
           Examine
           the
           Leaves
           to
           see
           whether
           all
           or
           most
           of
           them
           are
           green
           ;
           if
           not
           ,
           but
           that
           some
           of
           them
           are
           turn'd
           brown
           ,
           or
           look
           decay'd
           ,
           then
           may
           you
           guess
           that
           the
           Tea
           is
           not
           the
           finest
           ,
           but
           is
           growing
           old
           ,
           and
           will
           impair
           in
           Virtue
           daily
           .
           Secondly
           ,
           Let
           the
           Liquor
           ,
           into
           which
           the
           Tea
           has
           been
           infus'd
           ,
           stand
           in
           a
           Cup
           for
           the
           space
           of
           a
           whole
           Night
           ;
           if
           after
           this
           you
           perceive
           that
           it
           still
           continues
           green
           ,
           the
           Goodness
           of
           it
           seems
           unquestionable
           ;
           but
           as
           it
           abates
           of
           this
           Colour
           ,
           so
           ,
           you
           may
           conclude
           ,
           it
           has
           abated
           of
           its
           Perfection
           ,
           and
           wants
           something
           of
           its
           Excellence
           and
           Strength
           .
           For
           the
           
             fragrant
             Smell
          
           ,
           the
           
             green
             Colour
          
           ,
           and
           the
           
             bitterish
             sweet
             Taste
          
           ,
           are
           the
           distinguishing
           Characters
           of
           the
           Goodness
           of
           this
           kind
           of
           Tea
           .
        
         
         
           The
           third
           Sort
           is
           Bing
           ,
           
           or
           
             Imperial
             Tea
          
           ,
           according
           to
           the
           Epithet
           given
           it
           by
           the
           English
           ,
           and
           by
           the
           
             Dutch
             ,
             Keisar
          
           .
           This
           is
           a
           
             large
             loose
             Leaf
          
           ,
           and
           therefore
           takes
           up
           more
           Room
           ,
           proportionable
           to
           the
           weight
           of
           it
           ,
           than
           any
           other
           Tea
           ,
           because
           it
           is
           more
           open
           and
           spungy
           .
           The
           finest
           Sort
           of
           it
           looks
           both
           green
           to
           the
           Eye
           ,
           and
           is
           crisp
           in
           the
           Mouth
           ,
           and
           the
           Smell
           of
           it
           is
           very
           pleasant
           ,
           which
           inhances
           the
           Price
           of
           it
           here
           in
           England
           ;
           and
           't
           is
           highly
           esteem'd
           likewise
           in
           China
           ,
           being
           sold
           there
           at
           three
           times
           the
           Price
           of
           the
           other
           two
           .
           But
           it
           generally
           is
           of
           divers
           Colours
           ,
           as
           yellow
           ,
           green
           ,
           &c.
           and
           is
           reputed
           weak
           ,
           spending
           it self
           quickly
           in
           the
           Infusion
           ,
           and
           only
           tinctures
           the
           Water
           with
           any
           Spirit
           twice
           ,
           because
           it
           is
           not
           put
           in
           weight
           for
           weight
           with
           other
           Tea
           .
           This
           likewise
           ,
           as
           the
           others
           ,
           
           is
           Imported
           in
           large
           thick
           Totaneg
           Canisters
           included
           in
           wooden
           Tubs
           ,
           or
           in
           Baskets
           made
           of
           small
           Bamboe
           Canes
           .
        
         
           These
           are
           those
           several
           sorts
           of
           Tea
           ,
           to
           some
           one
           of
           which
           all
           that
           is
           transported
           hither
           is
           commonly
           reduc'd
           ;
           and
           in
           describing
           this
           Variety
           ,
           and
           the
           different
           Properties
           of
           each
           of
           them
           ,
           some
           Directions
           have
           been
           given
           for
           distinguishing
           what
           is
           choice
           and
           good
           ,
           from
           what
           is
           mean
           and
           refuse
           ;
           which
           Instruction
           I
           shall
           pursue
           ,
           with
           one
           Remark
           more
           ,
           a
           little
           further
           .
        
         
           'T
           is
           necessary
           for
           all
           such
           as
           travel
           to
           China
           ,
           nicely
           to
           understand
           the
           Nature
           of
           the
           Goods
           there
           ,
           if
           they
           intend
           to
           escape
           the
           Cheats
           and
           Frauds
           ,
           and
           to
           trade
           therein
           with
           Advantage
           .
           For
           such
           is
           the
           Subtilty
           of
           the
           Chinese
           
           in
           their
           Trade
           ,
           and
           so
           artificial
           are
           they
           in
           their
           Traffick
           ,
           and
           so
           mightily
           intent
           upon
           their
           Gain
           ,
           that
           they
           falsify
           every
           thing
           they
           sell
           ,
           if
           't
           is
           capable
           of
           Sophistication
           ;
           and
           he
           must
           be
           very
           quick
           and
           expert
           indeed
           ,
           that
           has
           wit
           enough
           to
           escape
           in
           all
           things
           their
           Impositions
           .
           This
           they
           formerly
           practic'd
           even
           in
           their
           Sale
           of
           Tea
           ,
           though
           the
           Advantage
           of
           it
           was
           inconsiderable
           .
           For
           with
           it
           they
           sometimes
           mixt
           some
           other
           Herbs
           of
           less
           value
           ,
           to
           swell
           the
           Parcel
           ,
           and
           increase
           the
           Gain
           ,
           and
           with
           this
           artificial
           Mixture
           they
           cunningly
           dispos'd
           of
           it
           .
           But
           the
           Prudence
           and
           Caution
           of
           the
           Europeans
           prevent
           at
           present
           all
           the
           fraudulent
           Attempts
           of
           this
           Nature
           .
           And
           yet
           such
           is
           the
           peculiar
           Talent
           of
           the
           Chinese
           in
           the
           Management
           of
           this
           Art
           ,
           that
           the
           Discovery
           of
           them
           in
           one
           Trick
           ,
           is
           only
           the
           quickening
           
           their
           Invention
           of
           another
           ;
           and
           he
           that
           has
           thought
           himself
           wise
           in
           timely
           preventing
           of
           a
           small
           Cheat
           ,
           has
           found
           afterwards
           how
           weak
           he
           was
           ,
           when
           by
           this
           means
           he
           only
           tempted
           them
           to
           over-wit
           him
           in
           a
           greater
           .
           And
           though
           't
           is
           possible
           to
           fix
           their
           Honesty
           for
           some
           time
           in
           that
           particular
           wherein
           the
           fraud
           has
           been
           found
           out
           ,
           yet
           will
           their
           inherent
           Pravity
           soon
           exert
           it self
           in
           something
           else
           ,
           and
           make
           them
           knavish
           by
           Transmutation
           .
           Which
           occasions
           the
           wary
           English
           and
           Dutch
           Merchants
           in
           their
           Trading
           for
           Tea
           to
           open
           many
           times
           both
           the
           Top
           ,
           the
           Middle
           ,
           and
           the
           Bottom
           of
           the
           Canisters
           ,
           to
           prevent
           the
           Cheat
           of
           courser
           Tea
           which
           has
           been
           sometimes
           privately
           put
           into
           one
           place
           ,
           sometimes
           into
           another
           .
        
         
         
           The
           Method
           the
           Chinese
           use
           in
           preparing
           of
           Tea
           ,
           
           to
           make
           it
           dry
           and
           crisp
           ,
           is
           ,
           as
           some
           affirm
           ,
           to
           put
           it
           in
           Ovens
           ,
           or
           in
           Kilns
           ,
           or
           to
           expose
           it
           to
           the
           Sun
           ;
           or
           as
           others
           say
           ,
           by
           frying
           it
           twice
           or
           oftner
           in
           a
           Pan
           ;
           and
           as
           often
           as
           it
           is
           taken
           off
           the
           Fire
           ,
           it
           is
           roll'd
           with
           the
           Hand
           upon
           a
           Table
           till
           it
           curls
           .
           By
           this
           means
           the
           Leaves
           contract
           such
           a
           Dryness
           and
           Hardness
           ,
           as
           inables
           them
           to
           retain
           their
           Virtue
           for
           many
           years
           .
        
         
           Though
           the
           Tree
           of
           Tea
           is
           fortified
           by
           Nature
           against
           rigid
           Colds
           ,
           against
           Storms
           and
           bad
           Weather
           ,
           and
           is
           able
           to
           subsist
           and
           flourish
           even
           upon
           stony
           Ground
           ;
           yet
           the
           Leaf
           of
           it
           ,
           when
           once
           it
           is
           prepar'd
           for
           Use
           ,
           is
           of
           a
           Temper
           quite
           different
           ;
           't
           is
           delicate
           and
           tender
           ,
           injur'd
           by
           the
           Breath
           ,
           and
           damag'd
           by
           the
           very
           
           
             common
             Air.
          
           
           And
           therefore
           the
           Chinese
           knowing
           how
           subject
           it
           is
           to
           Decay
           ,
           and
           how
           easily
           't
           is
           tainted
           ,
           carefully
           provide
           against
           these
           Dangers
           ,
           by
           keeping
           of
           it
           very
           close
           ,
           and
           at
           a
           Distance
           from
           all
           
             strong
             Smells
          
           ,
           whether
           they
           be
           
             pleasant
             Flavors
          
           ,
           or
           
             foetid
             Scents
          
           :
           for
           both
           of
           these
           are
           equally
           pernicious
           ,
           and
           destructive
           of
           the
           natural
           Smell
           .
           And
           those
           that
           would
           secure
           it
           from
           such
           Disasters
           ,
           must
           see
           that
           it
           be
           guarded
           from
           those
           Enemies
           ,
           must
           look
           that
           it
           be
           kept
           from
           any
           strong
           Odor
           that
           would
           affect
           it
           ,
           and
           shut
           it
           up
           securely
           from
           the
           
             ambient
             Air.
          
           
           For
           which
           End
           the
           great
           Canisters
           are
           necessary
           for
           a
           large
           Quantity
           ,
           and
           the
           Totaneg
           ,
           or
           Pewter
           ,
           or
           Tin
           Pots
           for
           a
           small
           ,
           whether
           it
           be
           sent
           into
           the
           Country
           ,
           or
           design'd
           to
           be
           kept
           at
           home
           ;
           and
           none
           of
           it
           should
           be
           left
           expos'd
           ,
           as
           little
           
           as
           may
           be
           ,
           from
           such
           a
           Cover
           :
           But
           yet
           't
           is
           observ'd
           ,
           that
           those
           that
           endeavour
           to
           preserve
           the
           Spirit
           and
           Verdure
           of
           it
           longest
           ,
           and
           with
           least
           Damage
           ,
           dispose
           of
           it
           commonly
           in
           large
           Tubs
           ,
           which
           contain
           many
           Pounds
           ,
           by
           the
           Bulk
           of
           which
           the
           Strength
           of
           it
           is
           increas'd
           against
           all
           harmful
           Impressions
           from
           without
           ,
           and
           the
           Virtue
           of
           it
           is
           maintain'd
           more
           intirely
           within
           .
           And
           hence
           it
           is
           ,
           that
           as
           in
           Wine
           ,
           so
           in
           Tea
           ,
           the
           choicest
           commonly
           is
           in
           the
           Middle
           .
           And
           that
           Canister
           ,
           whose
           outside
           Tea
           may
           prove
           but
           ordinary
           ,
           as
           being
           nearest
           the
           Air
           and
           Danger
           ,
           may
           yet
           upon
           a
           deeper
           search
           be
           found
           to
           contain
           what
           is
           far
           more
           valuable
           :
           For
           
             Age
             ,
             Air
          
           ,
           and
           Damp
           ,
           inevitably
           destroy
           these
           Sorts
           of
           Tea
           ,
           which
           is
           quite
           out
           of
           its
           Element
           either
           in
           a
           moist
           or
           an
           open
           place
           .
        
         
         
           Having
           thus
           far
           discours'd
           of
           the
           
             various
             Kinds
          
           of
           this
           foreign
           Leaf
           ,
           and
           the
           Season
           wherein
           it
           should
           be
           gather'd
           ,
           of
           the
           
             Method
             of
             making
             choice
             of
             the
             best
             ,
          
           and
           the
           Means
           whereby
           it
           is
           preserv'd
           ;
           the
           Reader
           now
           will
           expect
           to
           hear
           something
           of
           its
           Qualifications
           ,
           
           and
           what
           the
           Virtues
           of
           it
           are
           ,
           that
           have
           rais'd
           it
           to
           this
           general
           eminent
           Esteem
           .
           And
           if
           we
           may
           believe
           those
           persons
           who
           have
           been
           most
           conversant
           with
           this
           healthful
           Liquor
           ,
           and
           receiv'd
           it
           so
           long
           in
           the
           Nature
           of
           their
           common
           Drink
           ,
           we
           must
           needs
           entertain
           some
           Esteem
           for
           its
           Excellence
           ,
           and
           harbour
           a
           valuable
           Opinion
           of
           it
           .
           
           For
           the
           Gout
           and
           Stone
           ,
           those
           painful
           Diseases
           which
           so
           frequently
           torment
           the
           Europeans
           ,
           are
           scarce
           known
           in
           China
           ,
           and
           among
           those
           most
           
             Eastern
             Asiaticks
          
           ,
           
           the
           Happiness
           of
           which
           they
           commonly
           ascribe
           to
           the
           constant
           Use
           of
           this
           Liquor
           among
           them
           .
           The
           Privilege
           of
           which
           they
           reckon
           upon
           as
           a
           special
           Blessing
           to
           those
           Nations
           ,
           especially
           when
           attended
           with
           such
           remarkable
           Effects
           .
           And
           if
           the
           intolerable
           Pains
           of
           these
           Distempers
           are
           caus'd
           by
           an
           
             acrimonious
             Juice
          
           ,
           and
           some
           ferment
           that
           is
           saline
           ,
           this
           Liquor
           is
           said
           to
           mitigate
           the
           Salt
           ,
           disturb
           the
           Tartar
           ,
           and
           dissolve
           its
           
             gravelly
             Particles
          
           ,
           when
           't
           is
           much
           and
           often
           drunk
           .
           For
           since
           it
           is
           an
           Acid
           that
           coagulates
           the
           Blood
           ,
           and
           afterwards
           precipitates
           the
           grosser
           Parts
           of
           it
           into
           Gravel
           ;
           this
           Liquor
           ,
           as
           some
           imagin
           ,
           mightily
           corrects
           the
           Acid
           ,
           and
           prevents
           the
           Precipitation
           .
           And
           though
           the
           Seeds
           of
           these
           Diseases
           ,
           if
           they
           are
           Hereditary
           or
           Chronical
           ,
           cannot
           easily
           be
           remov'd
           ,
           
           yet
           may
           they
           in
           some
           measure
           ,
           by
           a
           daily
           Use
           of
           this
           excellent
           Drink
           ,
           be
           much
           diminish'd
           ,
           or
           at
           least
           be
           kept
           from
           an
           Increase
           ;
           Especially
           if
           it
           be
           drunk
           in
           such
           a
           Quantity
           ,
           and
           at
           such
           convenient
           Times
           ,
           when
           the
           Stomach
           is
           rather
           empty
           than
           over-charg'd
           .
           For
           then
           is
           a
           Passage
           easily
           made
           ,
           and
           with
           greater
           Freedom
           both
           to
           the
           Veins
           ,
           and
           to
           the
           Reins
           .
           For
           a
           Medicine
           so
           very
           weak
           and
           light
           as
           this
           ,
           cannot
           readily
           conquer
           those
           Obstructions
           that
           oppose
           it
           ,
           nor
           make
           its
           way
           through
           them
           with
           Facility
           .
           And
           several
           Examples
           might
           be
           produc'd
           ,
           I
           question
           not
           ,
           among
           our selves
           ,
           to
           confirm
           the
           Subserviency
           of
           this
           Leaf
           to
           these
           great
           and
           noble
           Ends.
           
        
         
           Nor
           are
           the
           Tartars
           ,
           who
           are
           now
           Masters
           of
           this
           large
           and
           
           flourishing
           Empire
           of
           China
           ,
           insensible
           of
           the
           Benefit
           of
           this
           Infusion
           ,
           
           or
           Strangers
           to
           the
           Virtue
           and
           Vsefulness
           of
           it
           .
           For
           whereas
           these
           persons
           are
           by
           Nature
           very
           hardy
           ,
           and
           have
           so
           far
           improv'd
           this
           Hardiness
           by
           Custom
           ,
           that
           
             raw
             Horse
             flesh
          
           is
           their
           ordinary
           Food
           ;
           and
           this
           they
           eat
           ,
           and
           digest
           with
           the
           same
           Facility
           ,
           as
           we
           do
           Beef
           that
           's
           boil'd
           or
           roasted
           .
           Now
           hereupon
           however
           it
           sometimes
           happens
           that
           their
           Stomachs
           are
           oppress'd
           with
           Crudities
           ,
           and
           mightily
           weaken'd
           through
           Indigestion
           ;
           to
           cure
           which
           ,
           they
           readily
           apply
           themselves
           to
           Tea
           ,
           without
           consulting
           any
           other
           Physick
           ;
           and
           in
           this
           they
           find
           so
           much
           Relief
           ,
           and
           their
           Appetites
           are
           so
           effectually
           strengthen'd
           ,
           that
           they
           soon
           recover
           their
           Digestive
           Faculty
           again
           ,
           and
           remove
           the
           
             languid
             Indisposition
          
           .
           But
           the
           Leaf
           which
           
           is
           most
           powerful
           upon
           this
           occasion
           is
           very
           harsh
           ,
           course
           and
           unpleasant
           ,
           and
           only
           grows
           in
           the
           Northern
           Province
           of
           Xensi
           ,
           most
           of
           which
           lies
           between
           35
           and
           40
           deg
           .
           of
           Latitude
           .
           Which
           Courseness
           renders
           it
           far
           more
           agreable
           to
           the
           strong
           Constitution
           of
           the
           stout
           and
           robust
           Tartar
           ,
           than
           to
           that
           of
           the
           delicate
           and
           soft
           Chinese
           .
           And
           that
           this
           is
           a
           Virtue
           very
           remarkable
           in
           Tea
           ,
           it
           seems
           from
           hence
           very
           probable
           ,
           in
           that
           the
           Liquor
           impregnated
           with
           its
           Particles
           will
           
             soften
             Flesh
             ,
             Le
             Compte
          
           ,
           p.
           221.
           
             and
             renders
             hard
             Meats
             tender
          
           ,
           whereby
           we
           may
           judge
           that
           it
           hastens
           Dissolution
           ,
           and
           thereupon
           facilitates
           Digestion
           .
           Besides
           ,
           the
           soft
           pointed
           Volatile
           Salt
           wherewith
           it
           abounds
           ,
           and
           the
           
             hot
             Water
          
           wherein
           it
           is
           infus'd
           ,
           do
           mightily
           repair
           the
           natural
           Fluidity
           of
           the
           Juices
           of
           the
           Body
           ,
           and
           by
           
           a
           gentle
           Astriction
           agreeably
           fortify
           the
           Tone
           of
           the
           Bowels
           ,
           and
           of
           a
           
             weak
             Stomach
          
           ;
           vide
           
             Peclini
             de
             Potu
             Theae
             Dialogum
          
           ,
           p.
           41.
           
           And
           if
           this
           therefore
           be
           a
           Quality
           inherent
           in
           this
           Liquor
           ,
           to
           strengthen
           a
           faint
           Appetite
           ,
           and
           correct
           the
           nauseous
           Humors
           that
           offend
           the
           Stomach
           ,
           it
           must
           needs
           in
           some
           measure
           happily
           contribute
           to
           the
           Health
           of
           some
           weak
           and
           feeble
           Constitutions
           ,
           and
           likewise
           throw
           off
           abundance
           of
           those
           Crudities
           created
           in
           the
           Body
           through
           Excess
           .
           And
           by
           this
           means
           ,
           that
           the
           Vigor
           of
           the
           Appetite
           is
           regain'd
           ,
           the
           Sweetness
           of
           the
           Blood
           may
           be
           preserv'd
           ,
           and
           the
           Sharpness
           that
           is
           in
           it
           be
           abated
           ;
           whereby
           this
           China
           Drink
           may
           prove
           a
           friendly
           Remedy
           against
           the
           Scurvy
           ,
           
           that
           Northern
           popular
           Disease
           ,
           and
           become
           as
           valuable
           a
           Blessing
           to
           us
           ,
           as
           it
           is
           unto
           the
           Tartars
           ,
           who
           fall
           into
           
           the
           same
           Distemper
           with
           us
           ,
           upon
           the
           very
           same
           Account
           ,
           of
           a
           gross
           and
           high
           Feeding
           .
        
         
           The
           last
           Remark
           which
           I
           shall
           make
           of
           this
           innocent
           lovely
           Liquor
           ,
           is
           the
           Advantage
           which
           it
           has
           over
           Wine
           ,
           
           and
           the
           Ascendant
           which
           it
           gains
           over
           the
           powerful
           Juice
           of
           the
           Grape
           ,
           which
           so
           frequently
           betrays
           Men
           into
           so
           much
           Mischief
           ,
           and
           so
           many
           Follies
           .
           For
           this
           admirable
           Tea
           endeavours
           to
           reconcile
           Men
           to
           Sobriety
           ,
           when
           their
           Brains
           are
           overcast
           with
           the
           Fumes
           of
           Intemperance
           ,
           and
           disorder'd
           with
           Excess
           of
           Drinking
           ;
           by
           driving
           away
           the
           superfluous
           Humors
           that
           cloud
           the
           Rational
           Faculty
           ,
           and
           disturb
           the
           Powers
           of
           the
           Mind
           .
           And
           therefore
           all
           those
           persons
           who
           have
           by
           this
           means
           lost
           their
           Senses
           ,
           and
           have
           pass'd
           the
           Bounds
           of
           Moderation
           ,
           ought
           presently
           
           to
           water
           their
           Veins
           with
           this
           Liquor
           ,
           and
           refresh
           themselves
           with
           its
           sober
           Draughts
           ,
           if
           they
           are
           willing
           to
           recollect
           their
           roving
           Thoughts
           ,
           and
           be
           Masters
           of
           their
           Faculties
           again
           .
           For
           this
           is
           none
           of
           its
           meanest
           Triumphs
           ,
           that
           't
           is
           able
           to
           subdue
           this
           conquering
           Liquor
           ,
           that
           has
           foil'd
           so
           many
           wise
           and
           powerful
           ;
           that
           it
           is
           an
           
             Anti
             Circe
          
           ,
           can
           countercharm
           the
           inchanted
           Cup
           ,
           and
           change
           the
           Beast
           into
           a
           Man.
           
             Vertiginem
             capitisque
             dolorem
             (
             praesertim
             à
             crapula
             ortum
             )
          
           mitigatten
           Rhyne
           .
           p.
           15.
           
           And
           that
           it
           is
           not
           altogether
           destitute
           of
           this
           remarkable
           Faculty
           of
           suppressing
           Vapors
           in
           the
           Brain
           ,
           seems
           not
           improbable
           from
           what
           is
           observ'd
           of
           it
           in
           China
           .
           For
           when
           any
           one
           there
           is
           unfortunately
           seiz'd
           by
           a
           Vertigo
           ,
           
           through
           a
           Redundance
           of
           Humors
           towards
           the
           Head
           ;
           the
           Use
           of
           this
           Liquor
           is
           
           often
           a
           kind
           Relief
           to
           this
           Distemper
           ,
           by
           obstructing
           the
           Passage
           of
           the
           Steam
           from
           the
           Stomach
           and
           lower
           Parts
           .
           Because
           the
           thick
           Vapors
           that
           continually
           ascend
           ,
           being
           the
           Cause
           of
           this
           Disturbance
           ,
           whenever
           they
           are
           check'd
           and
           controll'd
           in
           their
           Passage
           by
           the
           lively
           Spirit
           of
           Tea
           ,
           the
           Megrim
           sensibly
           abates
           .
           For
           Tea
           has
           none
           of
           that
           fiery
           Spirit
           that
           inflames
           the
           Blood
           ,
           and
           disorders
           the
           Phantisms
           of
           the
           Brain
           ,
           and
           is
           the
           proper
           Vice
           of
           Wine
           ;
           't
           is
           quick
           indeed
           ,
           and
           active
           as
           that
           Liquor
           ,
           but
           happily
           destitute
           of
           all
           the
           intoxicating
           Quality
           .
           
           It
           nimbly
           ascends
           into
           the
           Brain
           ,
           but
           then
           't
           is
           with
           a
           candid
           Design
           of
           purifying
           and
           of
           quickening
           it
           ,
           not
           immediately
           to
           render
           it
           muddy
           ,
           sluggish
           and
           confus'd
           .
           And
           upon
           this
           score
           it
           justly
           claims
           an
           Interest
           and
           Share
           in
           the
           Affections
           
           of
           all
           Men
           of
           fanciful
           and
           sprightly
           Thoughts
           ,
           of
           all
           that
           would
           animate
           their
           Faculties
           without
           Disturbance
           ,
           and
           maintain
           their
           Idea
           lively
           and
           bright
           ,
           in
           that
           it
           actuates
           and
           quickens
           the
           drowsy
           Thoughts
           ,
           adds
           a
           kind
           of
           new
           Soul
           to
           the
           Fancy
           ,
           and
           gives
           fresh
           Vigor
           and
           Force
           to
           the
           wearied
           Invention
           .
           As
           some
           ingenious
           Persons
           in
           this
           Kingdom
           by
           frequent
           Experience
           can
           testify
           .
        
         
           And
           if
           Ingenuity
           may
           be
           allow'd
           to
           have
           a
           Vote
           here
           ,
           I
           can
           produce
           that
           which
           is
           unquestionable
           in
           the
           Testimony
           of
           Mr.
           Waller
           ,
           whose
           Character
           of
           this
           Herb
           may
           be
           seen
           in
           these
           Verses
           .
        
         
           
           
             Of
             TEA
             ,
             commended
             by
             Her
             Majesty
             .
          
           
             VEnus
             her
             Myrtle
             ,
             Phoebus
             hat
             his
             Bays
             ;
          
           
             TEA
             both
             excels
             ,
             which
             she
             vouchsafes
             to
             praise
             .
          
           
             The
             best
             of
             Queens
             ,
             and
             best
             of
             Herbs
             we
             owe
             ,
          
           
             To
             that
             bold
             Nation
             ,
             which
             the
             way
             did
             show
          
           
             To
             the
             fair
             Region
             ,
             where
             the
             Sun
             does
             rise
             ;
          
           
             Whose
             rich
             Productions
             we
             so
             justly
             prize
             .
          
           
             The
             Muses
             friend
             ,
             TEA
             ,
             does
             our
             Fancy
             aid
             ;
          
           
             Repress
             those
             Vapors
             which
             the
             Head
             invade
             :
          
           
             And
             keeps
             that
             Palace
             of
             the
             Soul
             serene
             ,
          
           
             Fit
             on
             her
             Birth-day
             to
             salute
             the
             Queen
             .
          
        
         
         
           And
           from
           this
           eminent
           Property
           which
           it
           has
           of
           animating
           the
           Faculties
           ,
           
           and
           keeping
           up
           the
           Vigor
           of
           the
           Spirits
           ,
           arises
           that
           other
           remarkable
           Power
           which
           it
           gains
           over
           Sleep
           and
           Drowziness
           ,
           and
           the
           natural
           Inclination
           of
           the
           Body
           to
           Rest.
           So
           that
           a
           few
           Cups
           of
           this
           excellent
           Liquor
           will
           soon
           rowze
           the
           cloudy
           Vapors
           that
           be
           night
           the
           Brain
           ,
           and
           drive
           away
           all
           Mists
           from
           the
           Eyes
           .
           'T
           is
           a
           kind
           of
           another
           Phoebus
           to
           the
           Soul
           ,
           both
           for
           inspiring
           and
           inlightning
           it
           ;
           and
           in
           spight
           of
           all
           the
           Darkness
           of
           the
           Night
           ,
           and
           all
           the
           Heaviness
           of
           the
           Mind
           ,
           't
           will
           brighten
           and
           animate
           the
           Thoughts
           ,
           and
           expel
           those
           Mists
           of
           Humors
           that
           dull
           and
           darken
           Meditation
           .
           Acbording
           to
           Dr.
           
           Chamberlayn's
           Account
           in
           his
           Treatise
           of
           
             Tea
             ;
             When
             I
             have
             been
             ,
          
           says
           he
           ,
           
             compell'd
             
             to
             sit
             up
             all
             Night
             about
             some
             extraordinary
             Business
             ,
             I
             needed
             to
             do
             no
             more
             than
             to
             take
             some
             of
             this
             Tea
             ,
             when
             I
             perceiv'd
             my self
             beginning
             to
             sleep
             ,
             and
             I
             could
             easily
             watch
             all
             Night
             without
             winking
             ;
             and
             in
             the
             Morning
             I
             was
             as
             fresh
             as
             if
             I
             had
             slept
             my
             ordinary
             time
             ;
             this
             I
             could
             do
             once
             a
             week
             without
             any
             trouble
             .
          
           And
           this
           certainly
           must
           gain
           it
           a
           mighty
           Veneration
           from
           all
           those
           Sons
           of
           the
           Muses
           ,
           who
           labour
           in
           the
           Night
           ,
           and
           are
           desirous
           to
           keep
           their
           Memories
           fresh
           ,
           and
           their
           Senses
           waking
           ;
           and
           endeavour
           to
           prolong
           those
           Hours
           that
           are
           devoted
           to
           studious
           Thoughts
           ,
           in
           Strength
           and
           Clearness
           of
           Understanding
           ;
           Because
           at
           such
           times
           in
           the
           Use
           of
           this
           sprightly
           Liquor
           ,
           they
           perceive
           a
           speedy
           Remedy
           against
           their
           natural
           Weariness
           and
           Stupidity
           .
        
         
         
           And
           that
           the
           several
           Virtues
           which
           are
           here
           ascrib'd
           to
           this
           delicate
           Leaf
           are
           not
           meerly
           Notional
           ,
           or
           of
           bare
           Conjecture
           ,
           the
           Testimonies
           of
           several
           eminent
           Authors
           might
           be
           produc'd
           ,
           such
           as
           
           Ray's
           Histor.
           Plant.
           
             Olaus
             Wormius
          
           in
           Musaeo
           ,
           p.
           165.
           
           Tulpius
           Observat.
           1.
           4.
           cap.
           ult
           .
           &c.
           But
           the
           account
           of
           one
           of
           them
           only
           shall
           be
           at
           present
           sufficient
           .
           The
           Learned
           
             Michael
             Etmuller
          
           ,
           Professor
           of
           Physick
           at
           Lipsick
           ,
           in
           the
           third
           Edition
           of
           his
           Notes
           on
           
           Schroder's
           Pharmacy
           ,
           publish'd
           by
           his
           Scholar
           Dr.
           
             John
             Caspar
          
           of
           Westphalia
           ,
           gives
           an
           account
           of
           the
           Herb
           Tcha
           ,
           or
           Tea
           ,
           to
           this
           purpose
           ;
           
             It
             powerfully
             corrects
             Indigestions
             and
             Crudities
             ,
             so
             as
             that
             the
             very
          
           Chinese
           
             use
             this
             Drink
             to
             strengthen
             the
             first
             Digestion
             ,
             and
             to
             purify
             the
             Mass
             of
             Blood
             by
             a
             Flux
             of
             Vrine
             .
             Whence
             it
             is
             that
             they
             rarely
             labour
             under
             the
             
             Hypocondriack
             Passion
             ,
             descended
             from
             a
             deprav'd
             Stomach
             :
             for
          
           Tcha
           '
           
             s
             Aromatick
             Virtue
             takes
             away
             all
             acid
             Crudities
             .
             Besides
             ,
             it
             is
             a
             very
             famous
             Cephalick
             ,
             adds
             a
             wonderful
             Strength
             to
             the
             Animal
             Spirits
             ,
             and
             by
             that
             means
             opposes
             the
             Megrim
             ,
             and
             admirably
             comforts
             the
             Memory
             ,
             and
             other
             Faculties
             of
             the
             Soul.
             Moreover
             ,
             it
             drives
             away
             Drowziness
             ,
             and
             keeps
             a
             man
             awake
             without
             Weariness
             .
          
        
         
           
             It
             is
             a
             most
             noble
             Antinephritick
             and
             Antipodagrick
             ;
             whereupon
             they
             that
             take
             this
             Drink
             ,
             are
             not
             subject
             to
             the
             Stone
             and
             Gravel
             ,
             while
             it
             partly
             throws
             it
             out
             ,
             and
             partly
             destroys
             the
             preternatural
             Acid
             in
             the
             Stomach
             and
             Guts
             ,
             and
             likewise
             in
             the
             Blood
             ,
             (
             volatilizing
             it
             ,
             if
             coagulated
             by
             an
             Acid
             )
             in
             which
             Respect
             it
             preserves
             both
             from
             the
             Stone
             and
             Gout
             ,
             whereby
             the
          
           Chinese
           and
           Japanese
           
             are
             rarely
             ,
             if
             
             ever
             ,
             infested
             with
             them
             .
          
           All
           which
           admirable
           Effects
           ,
           and
           much
           more
           ,
           are
           confirm'd
           by
           the
           most
           famous
           
             Wilhelmus
             ten
             Rhyne
          
           ,
           Physician
           ,
           Botanist
           ,
           and
           Chymist
           to
           the
           Emperor
           of
           Japan
           ,
           in
           his
           Discourse
           
             De
             Frutice
             Thee
          
           ;
           Who
           there
           affirms
           too
           ,
           that
           
             it
             both
             prevails
             against
             the
             Dropsy
             ,
             and
             is
             an
             Antidote
             extraordinary
             against
             the
             Weakness
             of
             the
             Sight
             .
          
        
         
           But
           notwithstanding
           all
           this
           Authority
           ,
           this
           Leaf
           has
           formerly
           been
           subject
           to
           Reproach
           and
           Cavil
           .
           And
           it
           were
           a
           happy
           Leaf
           indeed
           were
           it
           altogether
           Objection
           free
           ,
           and
           out
           of
           the
           Reach
           of
           Enmity
           and
           Contradiction
           .
           But
           however
           ,
           this
           Happiness
           it
           has
           ,
           That
           herein
           it
           shares
           Fate
           with
           all
           things
           that
           are
           excellent
           ,
           which
           are
           often
           aspers'd
           even
           for
           their
           Innocence
           ,
           
           and
           in
           that
           respect
           owe
           all
           their
           Misery
           
           to
           their
           Perfection
           .
           That
           which
           was
           wont
           to
           be
           argued
           in
           Disparagement
           of
           that
           general
           Credit
           which
           this
           Drink
           by
           its
           Merits
           has
           obtain'd
           ,
           was
           ,
           That
           it
           was
           a
           Parent
           to
           the
           Cholick
           and
           Diabetes
           ,
           though
           it
           was
           very
           useful
           upon
           other
           accounts
           ;
           and
           that
           it
           unhappily
           caus'd
           these
           Diseases
           among
           us
           .
           But
           notwithstanding
           that
           't
           is
           very
           well
           known
           ,
           that
           these
           are
           no
           upstart
           Distempers
           here
           ,
           but
           challenge
           a
           Standing
           of
           ancient
           Date
           ;
           yet
           were
           they
           the
           necessary
           Consequence
           of
           the
           Use
           of
           this
           modern
           Liquor
           in
           England
           ,
           all
           the
           
             Eastern
             Nations
          
           ,
           especially
           
             China
             ,
             India
          
           ,
           and
           Japan
           ,
           must
           needs
           be
           sorely
           afflicted
           with
           them
           ;
           and
           therefore
           instead
           of
           encouraging
           as
           they
           do
           ,
           must
           rather
           renounce
           their
           beloved
           Drink
           ,
           unless
           they
           are
           more
           inamour'd
           with
           it
           ,
           than
           with
           their
           Health
           .
           And
           yet
           we
           
           never
           hear
           that
           these
           Diseases
           are
           complain'd
           of
           there
           ,
           though
           this
           Liquor
           is
           as
           familiarly
           us'd
           by
           them
           ,
           as
           Small
           Beer
           is
           with
           us
           ;
           and
           that
           not
           only
           by
           the
           Natives
           ,
           but
           by
           several
           Europeans
           ,
           who
           are
           nevertheless
           altogether
           Strangers
           to
           the
           Painfulness
           of
           those
           Maladies
           .
           If
           the
           Diabetes
           derives
           it self
           from
           this
           Fountain
           ,
           how
           comes
           it
           to
           pass
           then
           ,
           that
           among
           all
           the
           numerous
           Admirers
           of
           Tea
           ,
           so
           very
           few
           labour
           under
           that
           Distemper
           ?
           And
           as
           to
           the
           Cholick
           ,
           many
           skilful
           Practitioners
           in
           Physick
           do
           observe
           ,
           that
           several
           Persons
           of
           inferior
           Note
           in
           England
           ,
           whose
           Fortunes
           never
           rais'd
           them
           to
           the
           Character
           of
           being
           Tea-drinkers
           ,
           are
           more
           disturb'd
           with
           that
           Distemper
           ,
           than
           such
           as
           plentifully
           drink
           it
           daily
           .
        
         
         
           Yet
           some
           will
           urge
           ,
           That
           although
           these
           Virtues
           which
           I
           have
           mention'd
           may
           be
           fairly
           attributed
           to
           this
           China
           Liquor
           ,
           yet
           are
           they
           sometimes
           obstructed
           by
           the
           Use
           of
           that
           Sugar
           which
           is
           commonly
           mix'd
           with
           it
           .
           And
           this
           indeed
           ,
           I
           must
           confess
           ,
           may
           somewhat
           abate
           the
           Efficacy
           of
           it
           in
           some
           Operations
           ;
           yet
           this
           Advantage
           it
           produces
           ,
           in
           benefiting
           of
           the
           Lungs
           and
           Reins
           ;
           to
           which
           it
           is
           a
           mighty
           Friend
           .
        
         
           And
           yet
           after
           all
           ,
           though
           these
           rare
           and
           excellent
           Qualities
           have
           long
           been
           observable
           in
           Tea
           ,
           yet
           must
           we
           not
           imagine
           that
           they
           always
           meet
           with
           the
           same
           Effect
           indifferently
           in
           all
           Persons
           ,
           or
           that
           they
           universally
           prevail
           .
           For
           either
           the
           Height
           of
           a
           Distemper
           ,
           or
           the
           long
           Continuance
           of
           it
           ;
           either
           the
           Constitution
           of
           the
           Person
           ,
           or
           some
           certain
           
             occult
             
             Indisposition
          
           may
           avert
           the
           Efficacy
           ,
           and
           obstruct
           or
           delay
           the
           desir'd
           Success
           .
           It
           may
           either
           be
           drunk
           without
           Advice
           ,
           or
           at
           
             unseasonable
             Times
          
           ;
           either
           the
           Water
           ,
           or
           the
           Tea
           ,
           may
           be
           bad
           ;
           and
           if
           the
           Physick
           it self
           be
           sickly
           ,
           we
           cannot
           easily
           expect
           much
           Health
           by
           it
           .
        
         
           FINIS
           .
        
      
    
     
       
         Notes, typically marginal, from the original text
         
           Notes for div A53648-e400
           
             
               The
               Reasons
               of
               the
               Importation
            
             .
          
           
             
               The
               Name
               of
               it
            
             .
          
           
             The
             Mandarins
             
               are
               the
               great
               Men
               in
            
             China
             .
          
           
             
               The
               Tree
               of
            
             Tea
             describ'd
             .
          
           
             
               The
               Season
               for
               gathering
               it
            
             .
          
           
             
               The
               several
               sorts
               of
               it
            
             .
          
           
             A
             Catte
             
               is
               about
            
             20
             
               Ounces
               .
               A
            
             Mandarin
             
               is
               a
               great
               Man
               in
            
             China
             .
          
           
             Bohe.
             
          
           
             
               This
               kind
               of
            
             Tea
             
               is
               of
               a
               healing
               Quality
            
             .
          
           
             Singlo
             .
          
           
             Totaneg
             
               is
               a
               sort
               of
               Metal
               brought
               from
            
             China
             .
          
           
             A
             Canister
             
               contains
               between
            
             50
             and
             70
             l.
             
          
           
             A
             Pecul
             is
             132
             l.
             
          
           
             
               Means
               to
               know
               the
               best
               Tea
               .
            
          
           
             Bing
             .
          
           
             
               The
               Method
               of
               preparing
            
             Tea
             .
          
           
             
               Rules
               for
               pre●rving
               it
            
             .
          
           
             
               Totaneg
               is
               a
               sort
               of
               Metal
               brought
               from
            
             China
             .
          
           
             
               The
               Qualities
               of
            
             Tea
             .
          
           
             
               Medicinal
               against
               the
               Gout
               and
               Stone
               .
            
          
           
             
               A
               Help
               to
               Digestion
            
             .
          
           
             
               A
               Remedy
               for
               the
               Scurvy
            
             .
          
           
             
               It
               prevails
               over
               the
               Fumes
               of
               Wine
               .
            
          
           
             
               It
               Cures
               the
            
             Vertigo
             .
          
           
             
               It
               comforts
               the
               Brain
            
             .
          
           
             
               And
               keeps
               Men
               waking
            
             .
          
           
             
               Two
               Objections
               answer'd
            
             .