Distant Reader - subject-time-freebo

Introduction

This is a Distant Reader "study carrel", a set of structured data intended to help the student, researcher, or scholar use & understand a corpus.

This study carrel was created on 2021-05-25 by Eric Morgan <emorgan@nd.edu>. The carrel was created using the Distant Reader zip2carrel process, and the input was a Zip file locally cached with the name input-file.zip. Documents in the Zip file have been saved in a cache, and each of them have been transformed & saved as a set of plain text files. All of the analysis -- "reading" -- has been done against these plain text files. For example, a short narrative report has been created. This Web page is a more verbose version of that report.

All study carrels are self-contained -- no Internet connection is necessary to use them. Download this carrel for offline reading. The carrel is made up of many subdirectories and data files. The manifest describes each one in greater detail.

Size

There are 6 item(s) in this carrel, and this carrel is 110,468 words long. Each item in your study carrel is, on average, 18,411 words long. If you dig deeper, then you might want to save yourself some time by reading a shorter item. On the other hand, if your desire is for more detail, then you might consider reading a longer item. The following charts illustrate the overall size of the carrel.

Readability

On a scale from 0 to 100, where 0 is very difficult and 100 is very easy, the documents have an average readability score of 101. Consequently, if you want to read something more simplistic, then consider a document with a higher score. If you want something more specialized, then consider something with a lower score. The following charts illustrate the overall readability of the carrel.

Word Frequencies

By merely counting & tabulating the frequency of individual words or phrases, you can begin to get an understanding of the carrel's "aboutness". Excluding "stop words", some of the more frequent words include:

time, will, may, one, shall, day, clock, much, sun, pendulum, set, right, make, must, first, true, well, good, hour, motion, made, dial, let, great, yet, two, line, art, now, end, god, many, hours, place, table, go, days, vvhich, take, work, clocks, man, also, life, thereof, part, long, find, haue, meridian

Using the three most frequent words, the three files containing all of those words the most are The ransome of time being captive Wherein is declared how precious a thing is time, how much he looseth that looseth it, & how it may be redeemed. Written in Spanish, by the R. Father Andreas de Soto, confessor to the most excellent Infanta Clara Eugenia. Translated into English by J.H., Horological disquisitions concerning the nature of time, and the reasons why all days, from noon to noon, are not alike twenty four hours long in which appears the impossibility of a clock''s being always kept exactly true to the sun : with tables of equation, and newer and better rules ... how thereby precisely to adjust royal pendulums ... : with a table of pendulums, shewing the beats that any length makes in an hour ... / by John Smith ... ; to which is added The best rules for the ordering and use both of the quick-silver and spirit weather-glasses, and Mr. S. Watson''s rules for adjusting a clock by the fixed stars., and Horological dialogves in three parts shewing the nature, use, and right managing of clocks and watches : with an appendix containing Mr. Ovghtred''s method for calculating of numbers : the whole being a work very necessary for all that make use of these kind of movements / by J. S. ....

The most frequent two-word phrases (bigrams) include:

right ascension, english books, early english, true time, books online, god almighty, right ascensions, meridian line, creation partnership, text creation, apparent time, page images, royal pendulum, horizontal dial, four hours, twenty four, many times, well adjusted, pendulum clock, good work, inches long, image sets, characters represented, vse thereof, must needs, hours long, natural days, represented either, tcp schema, horizontal ruler, make use, early works, spring ballance, weight pendulum, like manner, let us, right managing, right line, right shoulder, twelve month, one day, shall find, take notice, ill employed, true adjusting, man may, suns right, mean time, thine owne, true nature

And the three file that use all of the three most frequent phrases are A table of the equation of days, shewing how much a good pendulum watch ought to be faster or slower than a true sun-dial, every day of the year. Sciothericum telescopicum, or, A new contrivance of adapting a telescope to an horizontal dial for observing the moment of time by day or night useful in all astronomical observations, and for regulating and adjusting curious pendulum-watches and other time-keepers, with proper tables requisite thereto / by William Molyneux ..., and Horological disquisitions concerning the nature of time, and the reasons why all days, from noon to noon, are not alike twenty four hours long in which appears the impossibility of a clock''s being always kept exactly true to the sun : with tables of equation, and newer and better rules ... how thereby precisely to adjust royal pendulums ... : with a table of pendulums, shewing the beats that any length makes in an hour ... / by John Smith ... ; to which is added The best rules for the ordering and use both of the quick-silver and spirit weather-glasses, and Mr. S. Watson''s rules for adjusting a clock by the fixed stars..

While often deemed superficial or sophomoric, rudimentary frequencies and their associated "word clouds" can be quite insightful:

Keywords

Sets of keywords -- statistically significant words -- can be enumerated by comparing the relative frequency of words with the number of times the words appear in an entire corpus. Some of the most statistically significant keywords in the carrel include:

tcp, sun, time, pendulum, dial, day, clock, watches, vvhich, thy, thou, table, stile, stars, saint, ruler, pole, meridian, mensurator, man, lord, life, horizontal, haue, good, god, declin, days, chapter

And now word clouds really begin to shine:

Topic Modeling

Topic modeling is another popular approach to connoting the aboutness of a corpus. If the study carrel could be summed up in a single word, then that word might be time, and The ransome of time being captive Wherein is declared how precious a thing is time, how much he looseth that looseth it, & how it may be redeemed. Written in Spanish, by the R. Father Andreas de Soto, confessor to the most excellent Infanta Clara Eugenia. Translated into English by J.H. is most about that word.

If the study carrel could be summed up in three words ("topics") then those words and their significantly associated titles include:

If the study carrel could be summed up in five topics, and each topic were each denoted with three words, then those topics and their most significantly associated files would be:

Moreover, the totality of the study carrel's aboutness, can be visualized with the following pie chart:

Noun & Verbs

Through an analysis of your study carrel's parts-of-speech, you are able to answer question beyonds aboutness. For example, a list of the most frequent nouns helps you answer what questions; "What is discussed in this collection?":

time, ″, day, hour, t, motion, line, end, art, hours, work, man, life, table, days, place, part, way, times, side, parts, reason, number, use, manner, nature, length, d, text, hand, thing, body, year, things, e, lines, self, dial, air, minutes, soule, course, wheel, difference, quarter, figures, wheels, numbers, night, minute

An enumeration of the verbs helps you learn what actions take place in a text or what the things in the text do. Very frequently, the most common lemmatized verbs are "be", "have", and "do"; the more interesting verbs usually occur further down the list of frequencies:

is, be, are, have, was, make, being, set, made, let, were, been, go, take, find, according, do, come, say, has, give, found, ''s, had, said, lost, stand, observe, know, given, shew, draw, known, does, move, makes, did, put, suppose, haue, adjusted, note, having, going, taken, making, encoded, vvell, see, passed

Proper Nouns

An extraction of proper nouns helps you determine the names of people and places in your study carrel.

clock, sun, pendulum, thou, god, à, dial, tcp, chi, time, s., yea, hath, clocks, star, lord, glass, meridian, vvhich, right, c., day, pole, motion, doe, ruler, haue, stile, suns, mercury, tube, sub, stars, ●, ″, pendulums, english, eebo, mensurator, text, tei, oxford, horizontal, vvhen, cestern, air, weather, earth, royal, nut

An analysis of personal pronouns enables you to answer at least two questions: 1) "What, if any, is the overall gender of my study carrel?", and 2) "To what degree are the texts in my study carrel self-centered versus inclusive?"

it, i, you, they, his, he, their, them, its, your, we, our, my, him, thy, me, us, thee, her, himself, themselves, she, one, vnto, vp, theirs, si, severall, ours, f, cā, 01″, ''em

Below are words cloud of your study carrel's proper & personal pronouns.

Adjectives & Verbs

Learning about a corpus's adjectives and adverbs helps you answer how questions: "How are things described and how are things done?" An analysis of adjectives and adverbs also points to a corpus's overall sentiment. "In general, is my study carrel positive or negative?"

other, same, true, good, such, great, many, first, much, more, right, slow, equal, little, exact, full, second, long, certain, most, last, plain, possible, large, least, apparent, best, small, whole, next, short, present, greater, early, sufficient, requisite, necessary, quick, longer, english, several, new, common, subject, mean, like, less, general, due, proper

not, so, then, too, more, well, very, most, now, much, as, also, up, thereof, therefore, hence, thus, out, exactly, first, yet, only, fast, here, sometimes, long, in, down, never, always, again, about, there, therein, just, before, that, is, likewise, indeed, still, even, together, onely, all, vs, truly, right, at, rather

Next steps

There is much more to a study carrel than the things outlined above. Use this page's menubar to navigate and explore in more detail. There you will find additional features & functions including: ngrams, parts-of-speech, grammars, named entities, topic modeling, a simple search interface, etc.

Again, study carrels are self-contained. Download this carrel for offline viewing and use.

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