mv: ‘./input-file.zip’ and ‘./input-file.zip’ are the same file Creating study carrel named subject-variationBiology-gutenberg Initializing database Unzipping Archive: input-file.zip creating: ./tmp/input/input-file/ inflating: ./tmp/input/input-file/28897.txt inflating: ./tmp/input/input-file/24923.txt inflating: ./tmp/input/input-file/26438.txt inflating: ./tmp/input/input-file/2872.txt inflating: ./tmp/input/input-file/2871.txt inflating: ./tmp/input/input-file/34077.txt inflating: ./tmp/input/input-file/38584.txt inflating: ./tmp/input/input-file/44582.txt inflating: ./tmp/input/input-file/metadata.csv caution: excluded filename not matched: *MACOSX* === DIRECTORIES: ./tmp/input === DIRECTORY: ./tmp/input/input-file === metadata file: ./tmp/input/input-file/metadata.csv === found metadata file === updating bibliographic database Building study carrel named subject-variationBiology-gutenberg FILE: cache/24923.txt OUTPUT: txt/24923.txt FILE: cache/38584.txt OUTPUT: txt/38584.txt FILE: cache/34077.txt OUTPUT: txt/34077.txt FILE: cache/2872.txt OUTPUT: txt/2872.txt FILE: cache/2871.txt OUTPUT: txt/2871.txt FILE: cache/26438.txt OUTPUT: txt/26438.txt FILE: cache/44582.txt OUTPUT: txt/44582.txt FILE: cache/28897.txt OUTPUT: txt/28897.txt === file2bib.sh === id: 24923 author: Darwin, Charles title: The Variation of Animals and Plants Under Domestication, Vol. I. date: pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/24923.txt cache: ./cache/24923.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 1 resourceName b'24923.txt' Traceback (most recent call last): File "/data-disk/reader-compute/reader-classic/bin/file2bib.py", line 107, in text = textacy.preprocessing.normalize.normalize_quotation_marks( text ) File "/data-disk/python/lib/python3.8/site-packages/textacy/preprocessing/normalize.py", line 32, in normalize_quotation_marks return text.translate(QUOTE_TRANSLATION_TABLE) AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'translate' === file2bib.sh === id: 2872 author: Darwin, Charles title: The Variation of Animals and Plants under Domestication — Volume 2 date: pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/2872.txt cache: ./cache/2872.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 1 resourceName b'2872.txt' Traceback (most recent call last): File "/data-disk/reader-compute/reader-classic/bin/file2bib.py", line 107, in text = textacy.preprocessing.normalize.normalize_quotation_marks( text ) File "/data-disk/python/lib/python3.8/site-packages/textacy/preprocessing/normalize.py", line 32, in normalize_quotation_marks return text.translate(QUOTE_TRANSLATION_TABLE) AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'translate' === file2bib.sh === id: 2871 author: Darwin, Charles title: The Variation of Animals and Plants under Domestication — Volume 1 date: pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/2871.txt cache: ./cache/2871.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 1 resourceName b'2871.txt' Traceback (most recent call last): File "/data-disk/reader-compute/reader-classic/bin/file2bib.py", line 107, in text = textacy.preprocessing.normalize.normalize_quotation_marks( text ) File "/data-disk/python/lib/python3.8/site-packages/textacy/preprocessing/normalize.py", line 32, in normalize_quotation_marks return text.translate(QUOTE_TRANSLATION_TABLE) AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'translate' 24923 txt/../pos/24923.pos 2872 txt/../ent/2872.ent 24923 txt/../wrd/24923.wrd Traceback (most recent call last): File "/data-disk/reader-compute/reader-classic/bin/txt2keywords.py", line 54, in for keyword, score in ( yake( doc, ngrams=NGRAMS, topn=TOPN ) ) : File "/data-disk/python/lib/python3.8/site-packages/textacy/ke/yake.py", line 96, in yake word_scores = _compute_word_scores(doc, word_occ_vals, word_freqs, stop_words) File "/data-disk/python/lib/python3.8/site-packages/textacy/ke/yake.py", line 205, in _compute_word_scores freq_baseline = statistics.mean(freqs_nsw) + statistics.stdev(freqs_nsw) File "/data-disk/python/lib/python3.8/statistics.py", line 315, in mean raise StatisticsError('mean requires at least one data point') statistics.StatisticsError: mean requires at least one data point 2871 txt/../ent/2871.ent 2871 txt/../pos/2871.pos 2872 txt/../pos/2872.pos 24923 txt/../ent/24923.ent 2871 txt/../wrd/2871.wrd Traceback (most recent call last): File "/data-disk/reader-compute/reader-classic/bin/txt2keywords.py", line 54, in for keyword, score in ( yake( doc, ngrams=NGRAMS, topn=TOPN ) ) : File "/data-disk/python/lib/python3.8/site-packages/textacy/ke/yake.py", line 96, in yake word_scores = _compute_word_scores(doc, word_occ_vals, word_freqs, stop_words) File "/data-disk/python/lib/python3.8/site-packages/textacy/ke/yake.py", line 205, in _compute_word_scores freq_baseline = statistics.mean(freqs_nsw) + statistics.stdev(freqs_nsw) File "/data-disk/python/lib/python3.8/statistics.py", line 315, in mean raise StatisticsError('mean requires at least one data point') statistics.StatisticsError: mean requires at least one data point 2872 txt/../wrd/2872.wrd Traceback (most recent call last): File "/data-disk/reader-compute/reader-classic/bin/txt2keywords.py", line 54, in for keyword, score in ( yake( doc, ngrams=NGRAMS, topn=TOPN ) ) : File "/data-disk/python/lib/python3.8/site-packages/textacy/ke/yake.py", line 96, in yake word_scores = _compute_word_scores(doc, word_occ_vals, word_freqs, stop_words) File "/data-disk/python/lib/python3.8/site-packages/textacy/ke/yake.py", line 205, in _compute_word_scores freq_baseline = statistics.mean(freqs_nsw) + statistics.stdev(freqs_nsw) File "/data-disk/python/lib/python3.8/statistics.py", line 315, in mean raise StatisticsError('mean requires at least one data point') statistics.StatisticsError: mean requires at least one data point 34077 txt/../pos/34077.pos 34077 txt/../wrd/34077.wrd 26438 txt/../pos/26438.pos 34077 txt/../ent/34077.ent 26438 txt/../wrd/26438.wrd 26438 txt/../ent/26438.ent === file2bib.sh === id: 34077 author: Weismann, August title: On Germinal Selection as a Source of Definite Variation date: pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/34077.txt cache: ./cache/34077.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'34077.txt' 38584 txt/../pos/38584.pos === file2bib.sh === id: 26438 author: Ball, W. P. (William Platt) title: Are the Effects of Use and Disuse Inherited? An Examination of the View Held by Spencer and Darwin date: pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/26438.txt cache: ./cache/26438.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'26438.txt' 38584 txt/../wrd/38584.wrd 38584 txt/../ent/38584.ent 44582 txt/../wrd/44582.wrd 44582 txt/../pos/44582.pos 44582 txt/../ent/44582.ent === file2bib.sh === id: 38584 author: Wollaston, Thomas Vernon title: On the Variation of Species, with Especial Reference to the Insecta Followed by an Inquiry into the Nature of Genera date: pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/38584.txt cache: ./cache/38584.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 6 resourceName b'38584.txt' 28897 txt/../pos/28897.pos 28897 txt/../wrd/28897.wrd === file2bib.sh === id: 44582 author: Bateson, William title: Problems of Genetics date: pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/44582.txt cache: ./cache/44582.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 5 resourceName b'44582.txt' 28897 txt/../ent/28897.ent === file2bib.sh === id: 28897 author: Darwin, Charles title: The Variation of Animals and Plants Under Domestication, Volume II (of 2) date: pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/28897.txt cache: ./cache/28897.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 39 resourceName b'28897.txt' Done mapping. Reducing subject-variationBiology-gutenberg === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = 28897 author = Darwin, Charles title = The Variation of Animals and Plants Under Domestication, Volume II (of 2) date = pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 225132 sentences = 14147 flesch = 70 summary = ANIMALS AND PLANTS--REVERSION IN CROSSED VARIETIES AND SPECIES--REVERSION INDIVIDUAL ANIMALS--STERILITY OF PLANTS FROM CHANGED CONDITIONS OF DIFFERENCE IN FERTILITY BETWEEN CROSSED SPECIES AND VARIETIES--CONCLUSIONS SELECTION--INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT BREEDERS ON THE SAME SUB-VARIETY--PLANTS varieties have probably in some cases run wild, and their crossing alone when they crossed certain breeds, pigeons coloured like the wild _C. distinct evidence that the crossing of differently-coloured varieties well with the converse case of domesticated animals and cultivated plants When fowls, pigeons, or cattle of different colours are crossed, cases, in which the breed has not been crossed, but some ancient character species (and conversely with the white-flowered variety), when crossed crossing of the differently coloured varieties of the same species, is PLANTS--STERILITY OF CROSSED SPECIES DUE TO DIFFERENCES CONFINED TO THE In some few cases varieties tend to keep distinct, by breeding at different plants crossed species should have been rendered sterile by a different cache = ./cache/28897.txt txt = ./txt/28897.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = 26438 author = Ball, W. P. (William Platt) title = Are the Effects of Use and Disuse Inherited? An Examination of the View Held by Spencer and Darwin date = pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 25613 sentences = 1373 flesch = 59 summary = The question whether the effects of use and disuse are inherited, or, in eye-stalks_ appear to illustrate the effects of natural selection rather use-inheritance, surely we may believe that natural selection, inheritance of the effects of use and disuse in kind_. use-inheritance as it undoubtedly is to effect great changes in direct SIMILAR EFFECTS OF NATURAL SELECTION AND USE-INHERITANCE. SIMILAR EFFECTS OF NATURAL SELECTION AND USE-INHERITANCE. natural selection are inherited effects of use or disuse. necessarily by directly inherited effects of use or disuse of parts in use-inheritance by natural or artificial selection acting upon general the alleged inheritance of the similar effects of use and disuse, unless The alleged inheritance of the effects of use and disuse in our domestic selection has shown itself in cases where use-inheritance could have WOULD NATURAL SELECTION FAVOUR USE-INHERITANCE? WOULD NATURAL SELECTION FAVOUR USE-INHERITANCE? various evil results of use-inheritance, natural selection would be cache = ./cache/26438.txt txt = ./txt/26438.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = 38584 author = Wollaston, Thomas Vernon title = On the Variation of Species, with Especial Reference to the Insecta Followed by an Inquiry into the Nature of Genera date = pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 54237 sentences = 2204 flesch = 57 summary = on Insect variation (with reference to external disturbing causes) to remark the variation to which certain insects are at times liable certain species, is not remarkable; but that every individual insect insect-aberration generally, whether regarded as a _universal fact_ appear to produce any very decided modifying effect on insect form, and which has been naturalized even in the Madeira Islands, passes insects is liable to be controlled by the physical state of the areas common in the other species of the generic group[26]." isolation over insect form is perhaps more especially to be detected influence of isolation and other circumstances on external insect There are many insects which appear to have _two distinct states_, case in the northern and southern ones), whilst in Madeira proper it the local nature of its various species, 152, 153. States, large and small ones indicated in some insects, 105. cache = ./cache/38584.txt txt = ./txt/38584.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = 34077 author = Weismann, August title = On Germinal Selection as a Source of Definite Variation date = pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 24970 sentences = 1174 flesch = 58 summary = protective coloring has selective value for the species, that is, that if will carry us in the explanation of such cases--natural selection, I mean, place where it is determined what variations of the parts of the organism by man rests on the fact that by means of the selection of individuals progressive variation of a given part is produced by continued selection in displacement of the zero-point of variation as the result of selection. that the displacement of the zero-point of variation by personal selection this or that primary variation's being preferred, the selective process process of adaptation rested entirely {52} on personal selection. variation by personal selection, is impossible; for where all units are expected, if it is a fact that selection favors only the useful variations Without the Aid of Natural Selection_, 1894, regards the variations transforming the species, but that definitely directed variation is cache = ./cache/34077.txt txt = ./txt/34077.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = 44582 author = Bateson, William title = Problems of Genetics date = pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 94233 sentences = 4776 flesch = 62 summary = quoted the two forms concerned are really distinct species, but the Species were formed by the act of Nature, who by inter-mixing the genera a natural and physiological distinction between species and variety. forms are this original parental species. type how comes it that B may range through some twenty distinct forms, Compare the condition of a variable form like the male Ruff (or in division may be presented by the bodies of animals and plants in forms case of a species which acquires a new factor and emits a dominant general rule that _species_-hybrids breed true, but that the cross-breds studied the curious colour variations of this species especially in the The relation of local forms to species has often been discussed from types as distinct species, but they are in any case closely allied, and special case of a problem which in its more general form is that of the cache = ./cache/44582.txt txt = ./txt/44582.txt Building ./etc/reader.txt 28897 44582 38584 28897 26438 34077 number of items: 8 sum of words: 424,185 average size in words: 84,837 average readability score: 61 nouns: species; p.; plants; selection; varieties; cases; case; animals; conditions; variation; characters; parts; forms; form; fact; nature; development; breeds; character; inheritance; number; part; flowers; effects; colour; life; seed; pollen; facts; cattle; variety; races; change; time; variations; hybrids; pigeons; sterility; sheep; use; variability; size; organs; offspring; state; others; instance; evidence; manner; plant verbs: is; be; are; have; been; has; were; was; had; being; see; found; produced; do; crossed; become; given; does; inherited; seen; made; having; known; know; believe; bred; appear; affected; changed; shown; cultivated; taken; produce; observed; fertilised; formed; modified; domesticated; according; raised; show; breed; occur; derived; seems; increased; developed; called; acquired; differ adjectives: other; same; many; such; certain; distinct; natural; several; different; various; great; wild; common; more; new; white; general; first; own; few; present; large; true; whole; black; similar; most; small; domestic; much; normal; possible; single; good; young; little; sexual; long; -; latter; greater; due; slight; intermediate; least; red; specific; remarkable; old; special adverbs: not; so; more; only; even; thus; also; as; very; now; most; however; often; well; far; almost; much; long; generally; less; never; still; perhaps; sometimes; first; especially; here; probably; together; always; then; nearly; occasionally; yet; therefore; quite; out; closely; again; alone; namely; apparently; up; frequently; indeed; already; nevertheless; certainly; usually; once pronouns: it; we; their; i; they; its; he; our; them; his; me; us; my; itself; themselves; her; him; himself; she; one; myself; ourselves; you; your; à; fertility; favour; thy; ours; nature[3; mine; je; island,--its; ii; herself proper nouns: _; i.; ii; mr.; .; c.; vol; dr.; s.; de; h.; pp; darwin; p.; j.; soc; tom; madeira; america; england; w.; nat; journal; europe; e.; spencer; m.; f.; sir; india; chronicle; g.; r.; north; france; south; b.; professor; linn; selection; st.; gardener; see; nature; iii; d.; prof.; islands; crossing; t. keywords: variation; specie; mr.; selection; case; spencer; north; fact; europe; england; dr.; darwin; america; zoological; woll; wing; vries; variety; variability; use; type; theory; st.; south; sir; santo; race; prof.; process; principle; poultry; porto; plants; plant; paraguay; oenothera; nature; natural; nat; mendelian; maderensia; madeira; lowe; linn; lamarckiana; kammerer; journal; islands; insect; inheritance one topic; one dimension: ii file(s): titles(s): The Variation of Animals and Plants Under Domestication, Vol. I. three topics; one dimension: ii; species; species file(s): ./cache/28897.txt, ./cache/44582.txt, ./cache/38584.txt titles(s): The Variation of Animals and Plants Under Domestication, Volume II (of 2) | Problems of Genetics | On the Variation of Species, with Especial Reference to the Insecta Followed by an Inquiry into the Nature of Genera five topics; three dimensions: ii species plants; species forms form; species madeira insect; selection use inheritance; likened imitating creating file(s): ./cache/28897.txt, ./cache/44582.txt, ./cache/38584.txt, ./cache/26438.txt, titles(s): The Variation of Animals and Plants Under Domestication, Volume II (of 2) | Problems of Genetics | On the Variation of Species, with Especial Reference to the Insecta Followed by an Inquiry into the Nature of Genera | Are the Effects of Use and Disuse Inherited? An Examination of the View Held by Spencer and Darwin | The Variation of Animals and Plants Under Domestication, Vol. I. Type: gutenberg title: subject-variationBiology-gutenberg date: 2021-06-10 time: 16:06 username: emorgan patron: Eric Morgan email: emorgan@nd.edu input: facet_subject:"Variation (Biology)" ==== make-pages.sh htm files ==== make-pages.sh complex files ==== make-pages.sh named enities ==== making bibliographics id: 26438 author: Ball, W. P. (William Platt) title: Are the Effects of Use and Disuse Inherited? An Examination of the View Held by Spencer and Darwin date: words: 25613.0 sentences: 1373.0 pages: flesch: 59.0 cache: ./cache/26438.txt txt: ./txt/26438.txt summary: The question whether the effects of use and disuse are inherited, or, in eye-stalks_ appear to illustrate the effects of natural selection rather use-inheritance, surely we may believe that natural selection, inheritance of the effects of use and disuse in kind_. use-inheritance as it undoubtedly is to effect great changes in direct SIMILAR EFFECTS OF NATURAL SELECTION AND USE-INHERITANCE. SIMILAR EFFECTS OF NATURAL SELECTION AND USE-INHERITANCE. natural selection are inherited effects of use or disuse. necessarily by directly inherited effects of use or disuse of parts in use-inheritance by natural or artificial selection acting upon general the alleged inheritance of the similar effects of use and disuse, unless The alleged inheritance of the effects of use and disuse in our domestic selection has shown itself in cases where use-inheritance could have WOULD NATURAL SELECTION FAVOUR USE-INHERITANCE? WOULD NATURAL SELECTION FAVOUR USE-INHERITANCE? various evil results of use-inheritance, natural selection would be id: 44582 author: Bateson, William title: Problems of Genetics date: words: 94233.0 sentences: 4776.0 pages: flesch: 62.0 cache: ./cache/44582.txt txt: ./txt/44582.txt summary: quoted the two forms concerned are really distinct species, but the Species were formed by the act of Nature, who by inter-mixing the genera a natural and physiological distinction between species and variety. forms are this original parental species. type how comes it that B may range through some twenty distinct forms, Compare the condition of a variable form like the male Ruff (or in division may be presented by the bodies of animals and plants in forms case of a species which acquires a new factor and emits a dominant general rule that _species_-hybrids breed true, but that the cross-breds studied the curious colour variations of this species especially in the The relation of local forms to species has often been discussed from types as distinct species, but they are in any case closely allied, and special case of a problem which in its more general form is that of the id: 28897 author: Darwin, Charles title: The Variation of Animals and Plants Under Domestication, Volume II (of 2) date: words: 225132.0 sentences: 14147.0 pages: flesch: 70.0 cache: ./cache/28897.txt txt: ./txt/28897.txt summary: ANIMALS AND PLANTS--REVERSION IN CROSSED VARIETIES AND SPECIES--REVERSION INDIVIDUAL ANIMALS--STERILITY OF PLANTS FROM CHANGED CONDITIONS OF DIFFERENCE IN FERTILITY BETWEEN CROSSED SPECIES AND VARIETIES--CONCLUSIONS SELECTION--INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT BREEDERS ON THE SAME SUB-VARIETY--PLANTS varieties have probably in some cases run wild, and their crossing alone when they crossed certain breeds, pigeons coloured like the wild _C. distinct evidence that the crossing of differently-coloured varieties well with the converse case of domesticated animals and cultivated plants When fowls, pigeons, or cattle of different colours are crossed, cases, in which the breed has not been crossed, but some ancient character species (and conversely with the white-flowered variety), when crossed crossing of the differently coloured varieties of the same species, is PLANTS--STERILITY OF CROSSED SPECIES DUE TO DIFFERENCES CONFINED TO THE In some few cases varieties tend to keep distinct, by breeding at different plants crossed species should have been rendered sterile by a different id: 24923 author: Darwin, Charles title: The Variation of Animals and Plants Under Domestication, Vol. I. date: words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: id: 2872 author: Darwin, Charles title: The Variation of Animals and Plants under Domestication — Volume 2 date: words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: id: 2871 author: Darwin, Charles title: The Variation of Animals and Plants under Domestication — Volume 1 date: words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: id: 34077 author: Weismann, August title: On Germinal Selection as a Source of Definite Variation date: words: 24970.0 sentences: 1174.0 pages: flesch: 58.0 cache: ./cache/34077.txt txt: ./txt/34077.txt summary: protective coloring has selective value for the species, that is, that if will carry us in the explanation of such cases--natural selection, I mean, place where it is determined what variations of the parts of the organism by man rests on the fact that by means of the selection of individuals progressive variation of a given part is produced by continued selection in displacement of the zero-point of variation as the result of selection. that the displacement of the zero-point of variation by personal selection this or that primary variation''s being preferred, the selective process process of adaptation rested entirely {52} on personal selection. variation by personal selection, is impossible; for where all units are expected, if it is a fact that selection favors only the useful variations Without the Aid of Natural Selection_, 1894, regards the variations transforming the species, but that definitely directed variation is id: 38584 author: Wollaston, Thomas Vernon title: On the Variation of Species, with Especial Reference to the Insecta Followed by an Inquiry into the Nature of Genera date: words: 54237.0 sentences: 2204.0 pages: flesch: 57.0 cache: ./cache/38584.txt txt: ./txt/38584.txt summary: on Insect variation (with reference to external disturbing causes) to remark the variation to which certain insects are at times liable certain species, is not remarkable; but that every individual insect insect-aberration generally, whether regarded as a _universal fact_ appear to produce any very decided modifying effect on insect form, and which has been naturalized even in the Madeira Islands, passes insects is liable to be controlled by the physical state of the areas common in the other species of the generic group[26]." isolation over insect form is perhaps more especially to be detected influence of isolation and other circumstances on external insect There are many insects which appear to have _two distinct states_, case in the northern and southern ones), whilst in Madeira proper it the local nature of its various species, 152, 153. States, large and small ones indicated in some insects, 105. ==== make-pages.sh questions ==== make-pages.sh search ==== make-pages.sh topic modeling corpus Zipping study carrel