His Maiesties gracious letter to the Earle of South-Hampton, treasurer, and to the Councell and Company of Virginia heere commanding the present setting vp of silke works, and planting of vines in Virginia. And the letter of the treasurer, Councell, and Company, to the gouernour and Councell of State there, for the strict execution of his Maiesties royall commands herein. Also a treatise of the art of making silke ... Together with instructions how to plant and dresse vines, and to make wine, and how to dry raisins, figs, and other fruits ... Set foorth for the benefit of the two renowned and most hopefull sisters, Virginia, and the Summer-Ilands. By Iohn Bonoeil Frenchman, seruant in these imployments to his most excellent Maiesty of Great Brittaine, France, Ireland, Virginia, and the Summer-Ilands. Published by authority.
         Bonoeil, John.
      
       
         
           1622
        
      
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             His Maiesties gracious letter to the Earle of South-Hampton, treasurer, and to the Councell and Company of Virginia heere commanding the present setting vp of silke works, and planting of vines in Virginia. And the letter of the treasurer, Councell, and Company, to the gouernour and Councell of State there, for the strict execution of his Maiesties royall commands herein. Also a treatise of the art of making silke ... Together with instructions how to plant and dresse vines, and to make wine, and how to dry raisins, figs, and other fruits ... Set foorth for the benefit of the two renowned and most hopefull sisters, Virginia, and the Summer-Ilands. By Iohn Bonoeil Frenchman, seruant in these imployments to his most excellent Maiesty of Great Brittaine, France, Ireland, Virginia, and the Summer-Ilands. Published by authority.
             Bonoeil, John.
             Southampton, Henry Wriothesley, Earl of, 1573-1624.
             England and Wales. Sovereign (1603-1625 : James I).
             Virginia Company of London.
             Counseil for Virginia (England and Wales)
          
           [14], 88 p. : ill. (woodcuts)
           
             Printed by Felix Kyngston,
             London :
             1622.
          
           
             The bulk of the work is John Bonoeil's treatise, which is a different one from STC 18761.
             The first leaf is blank.
             Reproduction of the originals in the British Library and the Henry E. Huntington Library and Art Gallery.
             Appears at reel 739 (British Library copy) and at reel 1177 (Henry E. Huntington Library and Art Gallery copy).
          
        
      
    
     
       
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         eng
      
       
         
           Sericulture -- Early works to 1800.
           Viticulture -- Early works to 1800.
           Virginia -- History -- Colonial period, ca. 1600-1775 -- Early works to 1800.
        
      
    
     
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           HIS
           MAIESTIES
           GRACIOVS
           LETTER
           TO
           THE
           EARLE
           OF
           SOVTH-HAMPTON
           ,
           Treasurer
           ,
           and
           to
           the
           Councell
           and
           Company
           of
           Virginia
           heere
           :
           commanding
           the
           present
           setting
           vp
           of
           Silke
           works
           ,
           and
           planting
           of
           Vines
           in
           Virginia
           .
        
         
           And
           the
           Letter
           of
           the
           Treasurer
           ,
           Councell
           ,
           and
           Company
           ,
           to
           the
           Gouernour
           and
           Councell
           of
           State
           there
           ,
           for
           the
           strict
           execution
           of
           his
           Maiesties
           Royall
           Commands
           herein
           .
        
         
           Also
           a
           Treatise
           of
           the
           Art
           of
           making
           Silke
           :
           OR
           ,
           Directions
           for
           the
           making
           of
           lodgings
           ,
           and
           the
           breeding
           ,
           nourishing
           ,
           and
           ordering
           of
           Silkewormes
           ,
           and
           for
           the
           planting
           of
           Mulbery
           trees
           ,
           and
           all
           other
           things
           belonging
           to
           the
           Silke
           Art.
           
        
         
           Together
           with
           instructions
           how
           to
           plant
           and
           dresse
           Vines
           ,
           and
           to
           make
           Wine
           ,
           and
           how
           to
           dry
           Raisins
           ,
           Figs
           ,
           and
           other
           fruits
           ,
           and
           to
           set
           Oliues
           ,
           Oranges
           ,
           Lemons
           ,
           Pomegranates
           ,
           Almonds
           ,
           and
           many
           other
           fruits
           ,
           &c.
           
        
         
           And
           in
           the
           end
           ,
           a
           Conclusion
           ,
           with
           sundry
           profitable
           remonstrances
           to
           the
           Colonies
           .
        
         
           Set
           foorth
           for
           the
           benefit
           of
           the
           two
           renowned
           and
           most
           hopefull
           Sisters
           ,
           
             Virginia
             ,
          
           and
           the
           
             Summer-Ilands
             .
          
        
         
           By
           
             Iohn
             Bonoeil
          
           Frenchman
           ,
           seruant
           in
           these
           imployments
           to
           his
           most
           Excellent
           Maiesty
           of
           Great
           
             Brittaine
             ,
          
           France
           ,
           Ireland
           ,
           Virginia
           ,
           
             and
             the
          
           Summer-Ilands
           .
        
         
           Published
           by
           Authority
           .
        
         
           
             London
          
           Printed
           by
           
             Felix
             Kyngston
             .
          
           1622.
           
        
      
    
     
       
         
         
           
             royal seal
             
               BRITAINIAE
               ❀
               FRANCIAE
               ❀
               ET
               ❀
               HIBERNIAE
               ❀
               SIGILVM
               ❀
               REGIS
               ❀
               MAGNAE
               ❀
            
          
        
      
       
         
         
           JAMES
           R.
           
        
         
           RIght
           trusty
           and
           welbeloued
           ,
           We
           greet
           you
           well
           :
           Whereas
           We
           vnderstand
           ,
           that
           the
           Soyle
           in
           
             Virginia
          
           naturally
           yeeldeth
           store
           of
           excellent
           Mulbery
           trees
           ,
           We
           haue
           taken
           into
           Our
           Princely
           consideration
           ,
           the
           great
           benefit
           that
           may
           grow
           to
           the
           Aduenturers
           and
           Planters
           ,
           by
           the
           breed
           of
           Silkewormes
           ,
           and
           setting
           vp
           of
           Silkewormes
           in
           those
           parts
           .
           And
           therefore
           of
           Our
           gracious
           Inclination
           to
           a
           designe
           of
           so
           much
           honour
           and
           aduantage
           to
           the
           publike
           ,
           Wee
           haue
           
           thought
           good
           ,
           as
           at
           sundry
           other
           times
           ,
           so
           now
           more
           particularly
           to
           recommend
           it
           to
           your
           speciall
           care
           ,
           hereby
           charging
           and
           requiring
           you
           to
           take
           speedy
           order
           ,
           that
           our
           people
           there
           ,
           vse
           all
           possible
           diligence
           in
           breeding
           Silkewormes
           ,
           and
           erecting
           Silkeworkes
           ,
           and
           that
           they
           rather
           bestow
           their
           trauell
           in
           compassing
           this
           rich
           and
           solid
           Commodity
           ,
           then
           in
           that
           of
           Tobacco
           ;
           which
           besides
           much
           vnnecessary
           expence
           ,
           brings
           with
           it
           many
           disorders
           and
           inconueniences
           .
           And
           for
           as
           much
           as
           Our
           seruant
           ,
           
             Iohn
             Bonoeil
          
           hath
           taken
           paines
           in
           setting
           downe
           the
           true
           vse
           of
           the
           Silkeworme
           ,
           together
           with
           the
           Art
           of
           Silkemaking
           ,
           and
           of
           planting
           Vines
           ,
           and
           that
           his
           experience
           and
           abilities
           may
           much
           conduce
           to
           the
           aduancemēt
           of
           this
           busines
           ;
           We
           doe
           hereby
           likewise
           require
           you
           to
           cause
           his
           directions
           ,
           both
           for
           the
           said
           
           Silkeworkes
           and
           Vineyards
           ,
           to
           bee
           carefully
           put
           in
           practice
           thorowout
           our
           Plantations
           there
           ,
           that
           so
           the
           worke
           may
           goe
           on
           cheerfully
           ,
           and
           receiue
           no
           more
           interruptions
           nor
           delayes
           .
        
         
           
             
               Giuen
               vnder
               Our
               Signet
               ,
               at
               our
               Palace
               of
               Westminster
               ,
            
             
               
                 the
                 ninth
                 day
                 of
                 Iuly
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 twentieth
                 yeere
                 of
                 our
                 Raigne
                 of
                 England
                 ,
                 France
                 and
                 Ireland
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 Scotland
                 the
                 fiue
                 and
                 fiftieth
                 .
              
            
          
           
             To
             Our
             right
             trusty
             and
             right
             welbeloued
             Cousin
             and
             Councellour
             ,
             
               HENRY
               ,
            
             Earle
             of
             South-hampton
             ,
             Treasurer
             of
             our
             Plantation
             in
             
               Virginia
               ,
            
             and
             to
             Our
             trusty
             and
             welbeloued
             ,
             the
             Deputy
             ,
             and
             others
             of
             Our
             said
             Plantation
             .
          
           
             Virginia
             .
          
        
      
       
         
         
           May
           it
           please
           the
           Reader
           to
           amend
           the
           faults
           in
           Printing
           thus
           .
        
         
           
             
               
                 
                   Pag.
                   
                
              
               
                 
                   line
                
              
               
                  
              
               
                 
                   Amend
                   .
                
              
            
             
               
                 
                   17.
                   
                
              
               
                 
                   17.
                   
                
              
               
                 seuen
                 or
                 eight
                 weekes
              
               
                 sixe
                 or
                 seuen
                 weekes
              
            
             
               
                 
                   66.
                   
                
              
               
                 
                   20.
                   
                
              
               
                 in
                 store
                 of
                 Beares
              
               
                 in
                 store
                 of
                 Beuers
              
            
             
               
                 
                   69.
                   
                
              
               
                 
                   19.
                   
                
              
               
                 millions
                 of
                 Mulberie
                 trees
              
               
                 millions
                 of
                 Mulbery
                 seeds
              
            
             
               
                 
                   70.
                   
                
              
               
                 
                   11.
                   
                
              
               
                 to
                 this
                 Silkeworme
              
               
                 to
                 this
                 Silke
                 worke
              
            
             
               
                 ibid.
                 
              
               
                 
                   21.
                   
                
              
               
                 of
                 the
                 Silkewormes
                 breede
              
               
                 of
                 the
                 Silkewormes
                 bredde
              
            
             
               
                 ibid.
                 
              
               
                 
                   30.
                   
                
              
               
                 the
                 Silkewormes
                 spinning
              
               
                 the
                 Silkewormes
                 comming
              
            
             
               
                 
                   76.
                   
                
              
               
                 
                   4.
                   
                
              
               
                 strest
                 rule
              
               
                 strest
                 rules
              
            
             
               
                 ibid.
                 
              
               
                 
                   18.
                   
                
              
               
                 onely
                 Spaine
              
               
                 onely
                 in
                 Spaine
              
            
             
               
                 
                   82.
                   
                
              
               
                 
                   4.
                   
                
              
               
                 and
                 a●ngentle
                 them
              
               
                 and
                 engentle
                 them
              
            
          
        
      
       
         
         
           TO
           THE
           RIGHT
           NOBLE
           COMPANY
           OF
           VIRGINIA
           ,
           health
           .
        
         
           
             My
             Lords
             and
             others
             ,
          
        
         
           I
           Haue
           been
           induced
           to
           present
           this
           small
           Tract
           vnto
           you
           from
           the
           superaboundant
           desire
           I
           haue
           to
           further
           and
           aduance
           the
           good
           successe
           of
           that
           noble
           Plantation
           :
           This
           discourse
           is
           therfore
           touching
           the
           feeding
           and
           intertainement
           of
           your
           Silkewormes
           :
           it
           shews
           how
           Mulbery
           trees
           must
           bee
           planted
           ,
           and
           their
           leaues
           gathered
           ,
           how
           to
           sowe
           the
           seeds
           of
           Mulbery
           trees
           for
           him
           that
           will
           set
           vp
           a
           Seminary
           or
           Orchard
           of
           the
           best
           trees
           of
           that
           nature
           :
           also
           how
           to
           erect
           ,
           set
           vp
           ,
           and
           build
           houses
           for
           the
           Silkewormes
           :
           withall
           ,
           this
           giues
           direction
           how
           to
           plant
           and
           set
           the
           Vine
           ,
           how
           to
           dresse
           and
           till
           it
           ,
           of
           sundry
           sorts
           and
           fashions
           .
           Likewise
           it
           shewes
           when
           the
           grapes
           are
           fit
           to
           be
           gathered
           ,
           and
           how
           they
           are
           to
           make
           Wine
           .
           Furthermore
           ,
           
           how
           to
           plant
           and
           set
           Peach
           trees
           and
           Figge
           trees
           ,
           which
           in
           hot
           countries
           are
           commonly
           set
           amongst
           Vines
           ,
           in
           Vineyards
           in
           the
           open
           fields
           :
           Also
           ,
           how
           to
           set
           the
           stones
           of
           diuers
           kindes
           of
           fruites
           ,
           and
           how
           to
           dry
           both
           Raysins
           ,
           Figges
           and
           Peaches
           ,
           to
           keepe
           and
           preserue
           long
           .
           I
           haue
           a
           seruant
           of
           mine
           ,
           who
           hath
           dwelt
           in
           
             Virginia
          
           these
           sixe
           yeeres
           ,
           besides
           others
           of
           my
           friends
           and
           acquaintance
           ,
           of
           the
           Countrey
           of
           
             Languedock
          
           in
           
             France
          
           (
           which
           now
           dwell
           in
           
             Virginia
          
           also
           ,
           being
           sent
           thither
           at
           the
           great
           charge
           of
           the
           Company
           ,
           to
           make
           silke
           and
           dresse
           Vines
           )
           all
           which
           haue
           certified
           me
           by
           their
           letters
           ,
           which
           I
           haue
           receiued
           from
           thence
           ,
           that
           the
           Woods
           in
           
             Virginia
          
           are
           full
           of
           Mulbery
           trees
           ,
           of
           the
           tallest
           and
           broadest
           that
           euer
           they
           saw
           in
           any
           Country
           ,
           and
           great
           numbers
           there
           are
           of
           sundry
           sizes
           and
           bignes
           :
           and
           namely
           ,
           that
           they
           haue
           seene
           there
           some
           speciall
           trees
           ,
           of
           which
           one
           alone
           is
           able
           to
           bring
           forth
           as
           many
           leaues
           as
           will
           feede
           so
           many
           Silkewormes
           ,
           as
           shall
           yeeld
           fiue
           pound
           of
           silke
           
             per
             annum
             .
          
           Also
           ,
           they
           informe
           me
           ,
           that
           there
           is
           great
           aboundance
           of
           Vines
           in
           
             Virginia
             ,
          
           and
           many
           of
           them
           well
           loaden
           with
           Grapes
           :
           but
           because
           that
           young
           growing
           wood
           ,
           bushes
           and
           weeds
           ,
           so
           much
           choake
           and
           couer
           them
           ,
           they
           cannot
           come
           to
           their
           full
           ripenesse
           :
           and
           the
           vermine
           ,
           by
           reason
           the
           grapes
           grow
           in
           the
           woods
           ,
           eate
           many
           of
           them
           vp
           before
           they
           come
           to
           maturity
           :
           moreouer
           ,
           they
           auouch
           that
           
             Virginia
          
           is
           a
           better
           Country
           then
           
             Languedock
             ,
          
           which
           is
           one
           of
           the
           fruitefullest
           Prouinces
           in
           all
           
             France
             ,
          
           by
           reason
           of
           the
           heate
           
           thereof
           and
           the
           richnes
           of
           the
           soyle
           ,
           which
           notwithstanding
           ,
           if
           so
           be
           
             Virginia
          
           be
           once
           well
           inhabited
           and
           peopled
           ,
           it
           must
           needs
           exceed
           it
           ;
           namely
           for
           this
           reason
           ,
           because
           the
           Mulbery
           trees
           ,
           and
           the
           Vines
           doe
           both
           grow
           naturally
           in
           
             Virginia
             ,
          
           with
           many
           other
           good
           things
           ,
           which
           come
           only
           by
           force
           and
           labor
           in
           the
           best
           parts
           of
           
             France
             :
          
           and
           none
           may
           doubt
           hereof
           ,
           to
           wit
           ,
           that
           the
           Vine
           being
           chosen
           of
           the
           best
           plants
           there
           ,
           and
           well
           dressed
           ▪
           but
           that
           it
           will
           assuredly
           bring
           forth
           very
           good
           fruite
           .
           Also
           ,
           other
           Vine
           plants
           may
           be
           sent
           thither
           from
           other
           Countries
           ,
           to
           try
           which
           of
           them
           will
           proue
           best
           :
           and
           of
           that
           which
           wee
           haue
           formerly
           said
           ,
           that
           the
           Mulbery
           trees
           grow
           in
           aboundance
           naturally
           in
           
             Virginia
             ,
          
           it
           must
           needs
           thence
           follow
           ,
           that
           the
           Wormes
           will
           feed
           much
           better
           ,
           and
           with
           lesse
           labour
           of
           men
           ,
           then
           those
           in
           other
           Countries
           doe
           ,
           where
           Mulbery
           trees
           grow
           onely
           ,
           with
           maine
           labour
           and
           toyle
           ,
           and
           the
           silke
           also
           of
           them
           will
           be
           farre
           better
           :
           and
           such
           quantity
           of
           silke
           may
           easily
           be
           made
           in
           
             Virginia
          
           (
           if
           there
           were
           store
           of
           hands
           )
           as
           in
           a
           very
           short
           time
           it
           would
           serue
           all
           Christendome
           .
           What
           an
           honour
           and
           wealth
           it
           would
           be
           to
           this
           Kingdome
           of
           
             England
             ,
          
           all
           men
           may
           iudge
           .
        
         
           
           
             
               2.
               
            
             The
             manner
             how
             to
             prepare
             the
             places
             ,
             wherein
             Silkewormes
             are
             to
             be
             nourished
             .
          
           
             CErtaine
             ,
             yea
             and
             many
             Authors
             haue
             written
             ,
             that
             such
             places
             are
             neither
             to
             be
             too
             neere
             the
             earth
             ,
             nor
             too
             neere
             the
             tiles
             ;
             neither
             too
             low
             nor
             too
             high
             :
             to
             whom
             I
             confesse
             ,
             this
             is
             good
             for
             such
             men
             as
             haue
             choyce
             of
             places
             ;
             but
             there
             are
             many
             poore
             folkes
             ,
             that
             are
             not
             able
             to
             get
             housing
             with
             all
             commodities
             and
             fitnes
             :
             and
             I
             haue
             seene
             by
             experience
             in
             the
             Countrey
             of
             
               Languedock
               ,
               Prouence
               ,
            
             and
             in
             
               Seuenes
               ,
            
             and
             in
             the
             Countrey
             of
             
               Auignon
               ,
            
             and
             in
             some
             part
             of
             
               Italy
               ,
            
             certaine
             poore
             folkes
             which
             dwell
             out
             of
             Townes
             ,
             which
             haue
             but
             one
             house
             vpon
             an
             earthen
             floore
             ,
             and
             in
             it
             but
             one
             roome
             ,
             where
             at
             one
             end
             they
             haue
             their
             bed
             ,
             and
             at
             the
             other
             they
             dresse
             their
             meate
             ,
             which
             notwithstanding
             nourish
             Silkewormes
             in
             it
             ,
             in
             the
             season
             of
             the
             yeere
             ,
             at
             which
             time
             they
             prepare
             and
             set
             forth
             a
             corner
             of
             the
             said
             cottage
             to
             the
             same
             effect
             ,
             according
             to
             the
             quantity
             of
             the
             leaues
             which
             they
             haue
             :
             And
             oftentimes
             they
             pay
             for
             the
             leaues
             of
             a
             great
             Mulbery
             tree
             ,
             sixe
             or
             eyght
             shillings
             the
             yeere
             ,
             yea
             and
             many
             times
             the
             Wormes
             thriue
             better
             in
             them
             ,
             then
             in
             great
             Chambers
             with
             other
             men
             ,
             I
             meane
             ,
             for
             the
             little
             quantity
             of
             Wormes
             which
             such
             poore
             people
             haue
             .
          
           
             Moreouer
             I
             haue
             obserued
             ,
             that
             the
             Silke-wormes
             doe
             loue
             and
             affect
             the
             ayre
             that
             comes
             
             from
             the
             dry
             sweet
             earth
             :
             prouided
             that
             care
             be
             had
             when
             the
             weather
             is
             cold
             ,
             or
             moist
             ,
             to
             make
             some
             fire
             in
             such
             roomes
             ,
             either
             of
             wood
             or
             of
             coales
             ,
             that
             are
             not
             of
             any
             strong
             smell
             .
          
        
         
           
             
               3.
               
            
             Of
             the
             building
             of
             houses
             to
             nourish
             Silkewormes
             in
             .
          
           
             THose
             that
             will
             build
             with
             small
             charges
             houses
             in
             
               Virginia
               ,
            
             wherein
             to
             feed
             Wormes
             after
             the
             manner
             as
             is
             practised
             in
             
               Messina
            
             in
             
               Sicilie
            
             (
             in
             which
             countrey
             there
             is
             some
             store
             of
             Mulbery
             trees
             within
             the
             Woods
             )
             it
             is
             a
             thing
             which
             may
             easily
             bee
             done
             also
             in
             
               Virginia
               ,
            
             because
             there
             are
             likewise
             great
             numbers
             of
             Mulbery
             trees
             there
             within
             the
             Woods
             ,
             and
             the
             Countrey
             hot
             ,
             and
             all
             things
             for
             this
             purpose
             most
             fitting
             .
             This
             to
             doe
             then
             ,
             they
             must
             chuse
             a
             place
             in
             a
             good
             ayre
             ,
             and
             neere
             the
             Mulbery
             trees
             ,
             and
             there
             build
             a
             long
             house
             ,
             in
             forme
             of
             a
             Bowling
             Alley
             ,
             couered
             ouer
             ;
             but
             a
             little
             higher
             and
             somewhat
             larger
             .
             They
             must
             couer
             it
             well
             ,
             either
             with
             tiles
             ,
             plankes
             ,
             or
             other
             things
             ,
             against
             the
             heate
             and
             raine
             ,
             for
             the
             preseruation
             of
             the
             Wormes
             .
             And
             the
             sides
             of
             the
             walles
             must
             be
             well
             closed
             either
             with
             plaster
             ,
             plankes
             or
             other
             matter
             .
             In
             these
             walles
             ,
             make
             many
             windowes
             on
             both
             the
             sides
             of
             the
             house
             ;
             let
             the
             windowes
             be
             of
             wood
             ,
             to
             open
             and
             shut
             ,
             and
             to
             giue
             ayre
             to
             the
             Wormes
             ,
             whensoeuer
             they
             need
             it
             ;
             and
             for
             as
             much
             as
             the
             South
             winde
             is
             hurtfull
             to
             the
             Wormes
             ,
             those
             windowes
             must
             
             be
             shut
             carefully
             on
             that
             side
             ,
             when
             the
             winde
             blowes
             there
             ;
             these
             windowes
             may
             be
             couered
             with
             paper
             ,
             which
             windowes
             may
             be
             set
             on
             and
             taken
             off
             the
             hinges
             when
             neede
             is
             .
             Furthermore
             ,
             some
             must
             watch
             ,
             that
             neither
             Rats
             ,
             Mice
             ,
             Birds
             ,
             nor
             Poultry
             come
             there
             ;
             for
             they
             will
             eate
             vp
             the
             Wormes
             .
             Likewise
             the
             Pissemires
             sometimes
             hurt
             them
             much
             ,
             and
             therefore
             care
             must
             bee
             had
             ,
             to
             marke
             the
             places
             on
             which
             side
             they
             come
             ,
             and
             there
             sowe
             saw-dust
             of
             Oake
             wood
             ,
             Ashes
             ,
             or
             Lyme
             ,
             or
             else
             rub
             the
             walles
             whereby
             they
             passe
             ,
             with
             chalke
             ,
             or
             with
             the
             oyle
             of
             Iuniper
             ,
             or
             any
             other
             kinde
             of
             oyle
             ,
             on
             the
             outside
             of
             the
             house
             onely
             :
             for
             on
             the
             inside
             of
             the
             house
             ,
             oyle
             would
             be
             hurtfull
             to
             the
             Wormes
             ;
             beware
             also
             ,
             that
             the
             paper
             of
             the
             windowes
             bee
             not
             oyled
             .
          
        
         
           
             
               4.
               
            
             Touching
             the
             erecting
             and
             building
             vp
             of
             Hot-houses
             or
             Ouens
             .
          
           
             SVch
             men
             as
             are
             prouided
             of
             fit
             houses
             as
             aforesaid
             for
             the
             said
             Wormes
             ,
             may
             build
             in
             them
             Hot-houses
             ,
             as
             they
             make
             in
             such
             countries
             ,
             wherein
             they
             nourish
             great
             numbers
             of
             Silkewormes
             .
             They
             must
             build
             of
             these
             Hot-houses
             ,
             at
             both
             the
             ends
             of
             the
             house
             ,
             if
             it
             bee
             great
             and
             spacious
             ;
             but
             if
             the
             house
             be
             little
             ,
             one
             will
             bee
             enough
             .
             And
             it
             must
             bee
             built
             in
             this
             forme
             following
             .
             First
             ,
             a
             hole
             must
             be
             made
             in
             the
             house
             wall
             ,
             wherein
             you
             will
             build
             your
             
             Hot-house
             or
             Ouen
             ,
             and
             therein
             build
             vp
             ,
             as
             it
             were
             an
             Ouen
             ,
             after
             the
             manner
             of
             the
             Countrey
             Ouens
             .
             The
             Ouens
             mouth
             must
             be
             at
             the
             outside
             of
             the
             house
             ,
             with
             a
             little
             Chimney
             to
             it
             ,
             and
             the
             backe
             of
             the
             Ouen
             ,
             within
             the
             inside
             of
             the
             house
             .
             Then
             must
             you
             haue
             earthen
             pots
             ,
             like
             Flower
             pots
             ,
             without
             holes
             in
             the
             bottomes
             ,
             and
             scarce
             so
             big
             as
             they
             ,
             which
             must
             be
             made
             purposely
             ,
             so
             as
             they
             may
             be
             able
             to
             abide
             the
             fire
             ▪
             These
             pots
             must
             be
             placed
             with
             a
             distant
             proportion
             of
             space
             ,
             betweene
             pot
             and
             pot
             ,
             and
             so
             build
             them
             in
             ,
             within
             the
             vault
             of
             the
             said
             Ouen
             ,
             with
             bricke
             and
             clay
             ;
             the
             mouth
             of
             the
             said
             pots
             must
             stand
             out
             at
             the
             backe
             of
             the
             Ouen
             ,
             and
             looke
             into
             the
             inside
             of
             the
             house
             ,
             but
             the
             bottomes
             of
             the
             pots
             must
             stand
             and
             looke
             towards
             the
             fire
             ,
             within
             the
             inside
             of
             the
             Ouen
             :
             and
             in
             this
             manner
             must
             the
             pots
             be
             incorporate
             within
             the
             Ouen
             .
             After
             this
             done
             ,
             you
             may
             make
             fire
             in
             the
             Ouen
             when
             neede
             shall
             bee
             ;
             for
             the
             pots
             being
             hot
             ,
             will
             thereby
             cast
             a
             heate
             out
             ,
             and
             warme
             all
             the
             house
             ,
             and
             the
             smoke
             gets
             out
             at
             the
             chimney
             of
             the
             Ouens
             mouth
             ,
             at
             the
             outside
             of
             the
             house
             .
             Item
             ,
             it
             will
             be
             good
             to
             put
             into
             these
             pots
             ,
             certaine
             branches
             of
             Rosemary
             ,
             or
             Tyme
             ,
             Roses
             ,
             or
             other
             sweet
             smels
             ,
             for
             that
             is
             a
             meane
             to
             keepe
             the
             house
             in
             a
             temperate
             and
             reasonable
             heate
             ,
             as
             need
             and
             occasion
             requireth
             .
             Besides
             ,
             those
             sweet
             smels
             are
             very
             agreeable
             and
             pleasing
             to
             the
             Wormes
             .
             These
             Ouens
             or
             Stoues
             will
             bee
             very
             vsefull
             in
             
               Virginia
               ,
            
             principally
             in
             those
             Silkeworme-houses
             which
             shall
             be
             built
             amongst
             the
             
             Woods
             ,
             where
             store
             of
             Mulbery
             trees
             grow
             :
             for
             these
             places
             being
             more
             cold
             ,
             shady
             ,
             and
             moist
             then
             others
             ,
             where
             the
             sunne
             comes
             freely
             :
             by
             this
             meanes
             they
             may
             heate
             ,
             dry
             ,
             temper
             ,
             and
             well
             qualifie
             the
             ayre
             there
             as
             they
             please
             ,
             and
             make
             the
             place
             thereby
             euery
             way
             well
             agreeing
             to
             the
             Silkewormes
             .
          
           
             In
             these
             wooddy
             places
             also
             ,
             you
             shall
             do
             well
             to
             cut
             downe
             all
             other
             trees
             that
             grow
             neere
             to
             the
             Mulbery
             trees
             ,
             and
             ouer-shade
             them
             ,
             and
             also
             to
             prune
             off
             the
             boughs
             of
             the
             Mulbery
             trees
             that
             grow
             too
             thicke
             ,
             that
             so
             the
             Sun
             may
             come
             fairely
             to
             the
             trees
             and
             leaues
             ,
             for
             the
             bettering
             of
             the
             food
             for
             the
             Silkewormes
             .
          
        
         
           
             
               5.
               
            
             Of
             the
             greatnesse
             of
             the
             Houses
             .
          
           
             MEn
             may
             build
             them
             as
             great
             ,
             or
             as
             little
             as
             they
             please
             ,
             albeit
             the
             larger
             ,
             still
             the
             more
             commodious
             :
             howsoeuer
             ,
             it
             will
             be
             well
             ,
             to
             make
             a
             partition
             in
             one
             end
             of
             the
             house
             ,
             and
             to
             boord
             that
             corner
             so
             parted
             with
             boords
             ,
             to
             coole
             the
             leaues
             in
             it
             ,
             as
             soone
             as
             they
             are
             gathered
             ,
             and
             to
             make
             a
             dore
             on
             the
             outside
             ,
             to
             goe
             in
             thereat
             to
             lay
             in
             the
             leaues
             ,
             and
             the
             other
             dore
             on
             the
             inside
             ,
             to
             take
             out
             and
             giue
             meate
             to
             the
             Wormes
             .
             Item
             ,
             it
             will
             bee
             conuenient
             to
             make
             either
             in
             the
             midst
             of
             the
             house
             ,
             or
             against
             the
             walles
             ,
             as
             they
             shall
             iudge
             the
             fittest
             ,
             a
             certaine
             frame
             of
             wood
             ,
             with
             boords
             or
             little
             Tables
             ,
             one
             stage
             or
             story
             still
             aboue
             another
             ,
             euery
             one
             of
             
             which
             stages
             of
             tables
             or
             shelues
             ,
             must
             be
             distant
             from
             another
             ,
             one
             foote
             and
             a
             halfe
             ,
             or
             thereabouts
             ,
             and
             in
             euery
             frame
             ,
             there
             may
             bee
             fiue
             or
             sixe
             stories
             or
             roomes
             of
             shelues
             ,
             according
             to
             the
             height
             of
             the
             roofe
             of
             the
             house
             ,
             all
             of
             one
             distance
             one
             from
             the
             other
             ;
             And
             as
             touching
             the
             breadth
             of
             the
             said
             tables
             or
             shelues
             of
             these
             frames
             ,
             they
             must
             be
             foure
             foote
             broad
             ,
             those
             shall
             be
             set
             in
             the
             middle
             of
             the
             house
             :
             But
             such
             as
             shall
             bee
             set
             against
             the
             wall
             ,
             must
             haue
             but
             three
             foote
             breadth
             ,
             because
             they
             cannot
             serue
             &
             reach
             leaues
             to
             the
             Wormes
             ,
             that
             shall
             be
             laid
             vpon
             them
             ,
             but
             on
             the
             one
             side
             .
             It
             is
             to
             be
             noted
             ,
             that
             the
             bords
             or
             shelues
             that
             are
             to
             be
             put
             in
             such
             frames
             ,
             are
             to
             be
             of
             Firre
             ,
             or
             of
             other
             wood
             that
             hath
             no
             strong
             and
             ill
             smell
             ,
             or
             else
             let
             them
             bee
             made
             of
             Reeds
             ,
             or
             best
             of
             all
             of
             Indian
             Mats
             ,
             to
             serue
             in
             stead
             of
             shelues
             of
             wood
             :
             for
             these
             are
             the
             fittest
             of
             all
             other
             ,
             because
             they
             keepe
             the
             Wormes
             more
             dry
             and
             fresh
             in
             hot
             weather
             ,
             by
             reason
             of
             the
             wind
             that
             blowes
             thorow
             them
             .
             These
             Mats
             may
             haue
             crosse
             Ioices
             of
             boord
             to
             support
             them
             ,
             or
             else
             Cord
             put
             thorow
             the
             bored
             holes
             of
             the
             sides
             of
             the
             frame
             ,
             as
             bedcords
             in
             a
             bedsted
             ;
             but
             if
             the
             Tables
             or
             Stages
             be
             made
             of
             boords
             ,
             then
             they
             are
             to
             be
             very
             thinne
             ,
             to
             the
             end
             they
             may
             not
             receiue
             too
             much
             moystnesse
             from
             the
             Wormes
             .
             The
             frame
             must
             be
             made
             very
             firme
             and
             strong
             ,
             lest
             if
             it
             fall
             ,
             it
             kill
             all
             your
             Wormes
             ,
             and
             you
             lose
             your
             labour
             ,
             which
             hath
             happened
             to
             some
             .
          
           
             Touching
             the
             length
             of
             the
             said
             Frames
             ,
             they
             
             may
             bee
             according
             to
             the
             length
             of
             the
             boords
             you
             haue
             :
             but
             if
             the
             boords
             happen
             to
             bee
             very
             long
             ,
             then
             they
             must
             be
             vnderpropt
             with
             some
             piece
             of
             wood
             in
             the
             middle
             .
             Men
             mayset
             vp
             such
             Frames
             in
             little
             houses
             ,
             as
             well
             as
             in
             great
             houses
             ,
             but
             lesse
             ,
             according
             to
             the
             bignesse
             of
             the
             house
             ;
             Also
             they
             may
             take
             away
             such
             Frames
             once
             a
             yeere
             ,
             namely
             ,
             after
             that
             the
             Wormes
             haue
             spun
             their
             silke
             ,
             and
             so
             for
             that
             time
             the
             house
             may
             serue
             for
             some
             other
             vse
             :
             prouided
             alwaies
             ,
             they
             dresse
             ,
             nor
             take
             no
             Tobacco
             there
             ;
             for
             it
             is
             exceeding
             contrary
             and
             mortall
             to
             the
             Wormes
             ;
             euen
             the
             very
             breath
             of
             one
             that
             hath
             taken
             it
             ,
             breathing
             vpon
             them
             ,
             will
             certainely
             kill
             them
             .
             Likewise
             care
             must
             be
             had
             ,
             once
             euery
             yeere
             when
             you
             set
             vp
             the
             said
             Frames
             and
             Tables
             ,
             to
             wash
             them
             well
             ,
             and
             to
             rub
             them
             with
             sweete
             smelling
             hearbes
             ,
             as
             with
             Rosemary
             ,
             Time
             ,
             Fennell
             or
             such
             like
             .
          
        
         
           
             
               6.
               
            
             The
             time
             when
             Silke-wormes
             are
             to
             be
             hatched
             out
             of
             their
             seeds
             or
             egges
             .
          
           
             FIrst
             of
             all
             ,
             when
             the
             Spring
             time
             is
             come
             ,
             and
             you
             see
             that
             the
             Mulbery
             trees
             thrust
             forth
             great
             buds
             ,
             and
             their
             leaues
             begin
             to
             shew
             forth
             themsel●●s
             ,
             then
             must
             you
             take
             the
             Silk-wormes
             seede
             ,
             according
             to
             the
             quantity
             of
             leaues
             ,
             and
             the
             roome
             of
             the
             house
             that
             you
             haue
             to
             feede
             them
             in
             ,
             and
             put
             the
             said
             seed
             within
             a
             new
             box
             ,
             or
             in
             a
             cleane
             linnen
             cloth
             ,
             and
             keepe
             the
             seede
             reasonable
             warme
             ,
             either
             within
             
             your
             pocket
             or
             otherwise
             .
             After
             foure
             or
             fiue
             daies
             ,
             you
             shall
             visit
             it
             very
             often
             ,
             and
             as
             soone
             as
             you
             see
             some
             Wormes
             hatched
             ,
             then
             must
             you
             put
             the
             seed
             in
             a
             bigger
             box
             ,
             if
             the
             former
             be
             too
             little
             ,
             but
             let
             it
             be
             very
             cleane
             :
             and
             care
             must
             be
             had
             ,
             that
             the
             said
             seede
             be
             no
             thicker
             in
             the
             box
             ,
             then
             halfe
             an
             inch
             thick
             .
             After
             that
             ,
             you
             must
             take
             a
             piece
             of
             cleane
             paper
             ,
             of
             the
             roundnesse
             or
             compasse
             of
             the
             box
             ,
             and
             fill
             it
             with
             holes
             ,
             as
             big
             as
             the
             tag
             of
             a
             point
             can
             make
             ,
             and
             lay
             that
             round
             paper
             ouer
             the
             seed
             in
             the
             box
             ;
             then
             set
             Mulbery
             leaues
             ,
             the
             yongest
             and
             tendrest
             leaues
             you
             can
             get
             ,
             ouer
             the
             said
             paper
             ,
             that
             the
             Wormes
             may
             passe
             thorow
             the
             holes
             ,
             and
             feede
             on
             the
             leaues
             .
          
           
             Also
             care
             must
             be
             had
             ,
             that
             when
             you
             shall
             see
             the
             leaues
             couered
             with
             little
             and
             blackish
             Wormes
             ,
             you
             must
             draw
             them
             out
             of
             the
             boxe
             ,
             with
             the
             whole
             leaues
             ,
             with
             the
             poynt
             of
             a
             pin
             or
             such
             like
             thing
             ,
             and
             lay
             them
             in
             sheetes
             of
             great
             and
             strong
             paper
             ,
             turning
             vp
             all
             the
             edges
             of
             the
             said
             paper
             about
             an
             inch
             or
             more
             ,
             for
             the
             better
             containing
             of
             the
             Wormes
             ,
             and
             easier
             remoouing
             them
             ,
             or
             in
             a
             bigger
             boxe
             ,
             the
             leaues
             with
             the
             Wormes
             vpon
             it
             ,
             close
             by
             one
             another
             :
             and
             assoone
             as
             you
             haue
             taken
             away
             both
             leaues
             and
             Wormes
             ,
             put
             in
             new
             fresh
             leaues
             ,
             the
             youngest
             and
             tenderest
             vpon
             the
             said
             seed
             ,
             and
             so
             doe
             still
             ,
             till
             all
             the
             Wormes
             be
             hatched
             :
             for
             sometimes
             it
             will
             be
             seuen
             or
             eyght
             dayes
             till
             they
             all
             can
             be
             hatched
             .
          
           
             Then
             put
             together
             all
             such
             as
             were
             hatched
             in
             
             two
             or
             three
             dayes
             ,
             without
             mingling
             them
             with
             those
             that
             are
             bigger
             or
             lesser
             ,
             and
             giue
             them
             fresh
             leaues
             once
             a
             day
             .
             Also
             care
             must
             be
             had
             ,
             that
             while
             the
             Wormes
             come
             forth
             of
             the
             seed
             ,
             to
             keepe
             it
             in
             reasonable
             warmth
             ,
             either
             neere
             the
             fire
             or
             betweene
             two
             pillowes
             ,
             which
             are
             for
             that
             end
             to
             be
             warmed
             often
             ,
             yet
             in
             a
             meane
             ,
             lest
             you
             spoile
             all
             with
             too
             much
             heate
             .
          
           
             depiction of scaffold with leaves
             
               By
               this
               figure
               is
               shewed
               the
               order
               ,
               to
               ranke
               the
               tables
               on
               the
               scaffolds
               ,
               for
               to
               lay
               the
               leaues
               on
               ,
               to
               feede
               the
               wormes
               there
               .
            
          
           
             depiction of scaffold with rods
             
               By
               this
               figure
               is
               shewed
               the
               manner
               to
               place
               the
               rods
               betweene
               the
               tables
               for
               the
               Wormes
               to
               clime
               vp
               〈…〉
               d
               spinne
               their
               silke
               .
            
          
           
             depiction of silk weaving engine
             
               By
               this
               figure
               is
               shewed
               the
               fashion
               of
               the
               Engine
               ,
               how
               to
               wind
               oft
               the
               silke
               from
               the
               cods
               ,
               with
               the
               furnaces
               and
               cawtherns
               for
               that
               purpose
               .
            
          
           
             depiction of cocoons and butterflies
             
               By
               this
               figure
               is
               shewed
               the
               portraits
               of
               the
               cods
               ,
               and
               the
               Butterflies
               comne
               forth
               of
               them
               ,
               to
               engender
               and
               lay
               their
               egs
               vpon
               blacke
               Serge
               ,
               Chamblet
               ,
               Tammey
               or
               such
               like
               stuffes
               as
               hath
               been
               said
               .
            
          
        
         
           
           
             
               7.
               
            
             How
             to
             enlarge
             the
             Silkewormes
             ,
             and
             cleanse
             them
             from
             ordure
             as
             they
             grow
             .
          
           
             WHen
             you
             perceiue
             the
             Wormes
             begin
             to
             wax
             in
             bignesse
             ,
             and
             therefore
             presse
             one
             another
             too
             much
             ,
             about
             a
             quarter
             of
             an
             houre
             or
             thereabouts
             ,
             after
             that
             you
             haue
             giuen
             them
             fresh
             leaues
             ,
             you
             shall
             take
             out
             the
             said
             leaues
             againe
             ,
             together
             with
             all
             the
             Wormes
             from
             the
             said
             paper
             or
             box
             ,
             and
             shall
             set
             them
             in
             a
             larger
             place
             ;
             and
             if
             there
             remaine
             any
             Wormes
             vpon
             the
             old
             leaues
             ,
             then
             must
             you
             set
             fresh
             leaues
             in
             a
             smal
             quantity
             ,
             to
             the
             end
             the
             Wormes
             may
             gather
             themselues
             vpon
             them
             ,
             to
             be
             taken
             out
             as
             we
             haue
             said
             :
             which
             when
             they
             haue
             done
             ,
             you
             may
             cast
             out
             the
             old
             leaues
             and
             their
             ordure
             ;
             and
             this
             must
             be
             done
             twice
             a
             weeke
             or
             thereabouts
             .
          
           
             It
             is
             to
             bee
             noted
             ,
             that
             in
             hot
             countries
             ,
             the
             Wormes
             doe
             eate
             but
             seuen
             or
             eight
             weekes
             at
             most
             ,
             in
             a
             whole
             yeere
             ,
             and
             the
             foure
             first
             weekes
             after
             they
             bee
             hatched
             ,
             they
             require
             but
             very
             small
             attendance
             .
          
           
             Also
             it
             is
             to
             be
             noted
             ,
             that
             the
             Wormes
             ,
             before
             they
             come
             to
             their
             perfection
             ,
             haue
             foure
             sicknesses
             ,
             naturall
             to
             them
             ,
             as
             wee
             will
             shew
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             
               8.
               
            
             Touching
             their
             first
             sicknesse
             .
          
           
             EIght
             or
             ten
             daies
             after
             that
             you
             shall
             see
             the
             Wormes
             heads
             growne
             bigge
             and
             white
             ,
             it
             is
             a
             signe
             that
             they
             enter
             into
             their
             first
             sicknesse
             ,
             and
             mewing
             or
             changing
             their
             first
             skin
             .
             Then
             shall
             you
             see
             them
             hide
             themselues
             vnder
             the
             leaues
             ,
             without
             eating
             of
             them
             .
             Then
             must
             you
             giue
             them
             but
             a
             few
             leaues
             ,
             namely
             ,
             to
             feed
             these
             among
             them
             that
             be
             not
             sicke
             ,
             and
             those
             onely
             ▪
             for
             you
             are
             to
             know
             ,
             that
             their
             sicknesse
             comes
             not
             to
             them
             all
             and
             euerie
             one
             at
             once
             and
             the
             same
             time
             .
             Two
             or
             three
             daies
             after
             that
             ,
             you
             shall
             see
             them
             come
             from
             vnder
             the
             leaues
             of
             a
             grayish
             colour
             ,
             and
             creeping
             vpon
             the
             leaues
             that
             are
             freshly
             set
             on
             .
             Then
             must
             you
             shift
             them
             to
             another
             place
             ,
             and
             cleanse
             them
             as
             we
             haue
             said
             .
          
           
             Also
             you
             are
             to
             note
             ,
             that
             vntill
             such
             time
             as
             the
             Wormes
             haue
             passed
             their
             third
             sicknesse
             ,
             you
             are
             to
             lay
             vnder
             them
             ,
             vpon
             the
             tables
             or
             shelues
             ,
             leaues
             of
             broad
             ,
             coorse
             ,
             cleane
             paper
             ,
             and
             twice
             a
             day
             giue
             them
             new
             and
             fresh
             greene
             leaues
             to
             feed
             on
             ,
             laying
             the
             smooth
             sides
             of
             the
             leaues
             vpward
             ,
             and
             that
             side
             of
             the
             leafe
             which
             is
             full
             of
             veines
             and
             strings
             downe-ward
             ,
             for
             the
             Worme
             comes
             vp
             to
             the
             vpper
             part
             of
             the
             leafe
             alwaies
             to
             feed
             ,
             and
             it
             feeds
             best
             ,
             and
             with
             most
             ease
             ,
             vpon
             the
             smoothest
             side
             of
             the
             leafe
             ,
             being
             the
             tenderest
             .
             You
             must
             also
             teare
             the
             leafe
             in
             the
             middle
             ,
             or
             in
             more
             pieces
             ,
             that
             the
             Worme
             
             may
             the
             more
             readily
             and
             easily
             creepe
             thorow
             it
             ,
             to
             get
             vpon
             the
             top
             of
             it
             ,
             which
             will
             be
             more
             needfull
             in
             
               Virginia
               ,
            
             because
             of
             the
             broadnesse
             of
             the
             leaues
             there
             .
          
        
         
           
             
               9.
               
            
             Their
             second
             Sicknesse
             .
          
           
             EIght
             daies
             after
             ,
             or
             thereabouts
             ,
             the
             said
             Wormes
             being
             waxen
             whiter
             ,
             and
             bigger
             by
             the
             one
             halfe
             ,
             they
             begin
             to
             enter
             into
             their
             second
             sicknesse
             naturall
             to
             them
             .
             Then
             may
             you
             see
             them
             againe
             hidden
             vnder
             the
             leaues
             :
             Then
             are
             you
             to
             gouerne
             them
             as
             we
             haue
             said
             before
             ,
             and
             as
             they
             grow
             bigger
             ,
             to
             shift
             them
             from
             time
             to
             time
             ,
             into
             new
             ,
             cleane
             ,
             fresh
             ,
             and
             more
             spacious
             places
             .
          
        
         
           
             
               10.
               
            
             The
             third
             naturall
             sicknesse
             of
             Silke-wormes
             .
          
           
             EIght
             or
             ten
             daies
             more
             after
             that
             ,
             you
             shall
             see
             them
             waxe
             bigger
             yet
             by
             the
             one
             halfe
             ,
             remayning
             vnder
             the
             leaues
             as
             aforesaid
             ;
             then
             enter
             they
             into
             their
             sicknesse
             ,
             and
             alteration
             of
             their
             skin
             .
             Then
             must
             you
             giue
             them
             but
             a
             few
             leaues
             ,
             as
             we
             said
             before
             ,
             and
             keepe
             the
             roome
             where
             they
             are
             ,
             reasonably
             warme
             ,
             during
             their
             said
             sicknesse
             ;
             for
             it
             is
             the
             most
             dangerous
             of
             all
             the
             rest
             ,
             for
             there
             somtimes
             some
             of
             the
             Wormes
             grow
             very
             yellow
             ,
             and
             yeeld
             a
             watrish
             matter
             out
             from
             them
             ,
             which
             is
             a
             certaine
             signe
             of
             their
             death
             ,
             and
             they
             are
             so
             contagious
             
             then
             vnto
             others
             ,
             that
             if
             then
             they
             be
             not
             picked
             from
             the
             rest
             ,
             and
             throwne
             away
             ,
             they
             will
             likewise
             infect
             them
             .
             Then
             must
             you
             change
             their
             place
             as
             afore
             ,
             into
             a
             larger
             and
             more
             spacious
             ,
             according
             as
             they
             increase
             in
             number
             and
             bignesse
             of
             body
             .
             Then
             may
             you
             take
             them
             very
             gingerly
             &
             softly
             ,
             with
             all
             the
             leaues
             with
             your
             fingers
             ends
             ,
             very
             cleane
             .
             But
             haue
             speciall
             care
             ,
             that
             you
             haue
             touched
             no
             Tobacco
             ;
             and
             if
             you
             haue
             taken
             any
             ,
             beware
             you
             breathe
             not
             neere
             vpon
             them
             :
             for
             this
             and
             other
             strong
             sents
             are
             a
             pest
             vnto
             the
             Wormes
             .
          
           
             After
             their
             third
             sicknesse
             ,
             giue
             them
             fresh
             leaues
             three
             times
             a
             day
             :
             And
             you
             must
             first
             let
             the
             said
             leaues
             be
             cooled
             an
             houre
             or
             more
             ,
             for
             that
             is
             better
             ,
             before
             you
             giue
             them
             to
             the
             Silke-wormes
             .
             When
             the
             leaues
             are
             too
             fresh
             ,
             they
             surfet
             ,
             and
             feed
             so
             greedily
             as
             to
             burst
             themselues
             .
             Beware
             you
             gather
             the
             leaues
             not
             wet
             ,
             that
             is
             to
             say
             ,
             after
             the
             raine
             ,
             or
             after
             the
             dew
             ,
             but
             you
             must
             gather
             them
             drie
             :
             take
             heed
             you
             giue
             them
             not
             wet
             to
             the
             Wormes
             ;
             for
             that
             will
             spoile
             them
             :
             therefore
             you
             shall
             doe
             well
             ,
             if
             you
             feare
             a
             Raynie
             season
             ,
             to
             gather
             in
             faire
             w●ather
             as
             many
             leaues
             as
             may
             serue
             you
             a
             day
             or
             two
             :
             for
             being
             kept
             in
             a
             coole
             place
             ,
             not
             moist
             ,
             as
             in
             a
             drie
             Soller
             or
             such
             like
             ,
             and
             the
             leaues
             something
             spred
             abroad
             ,
             and
             often
             turned
             that
             they
             heate
             not
             ,
             after
             this
             sicknesse
             ,
             you
             may
             set
             your
             Wormes
             vpon
             the
             shelues
             without
             paper
             ,
             if
             you
             will.
             
          
        
         
           
           
             
               11.
               
            
             Their
             fourth
             naturall
             sicknesse
             .
          
           
             EIght
             or
             ten
             daies
             more
             ,
             after
             that
             ,
             more
             or
             lesse
             ,
             the
             Wormes
             enter
             into
             their
             fourth
             sicknesse
             :
             Now
             are
             they
             waxen
             far
             bigger
             of
             body
             ,
             then
             euer
             before
             ;
             Then
             must
             you
             gouerne
             ,
             and
             attend
             them
             as
             we
             haue
             before
             described
             .
          
           
             And
             then
             you
             must
             prouide
             more
             places
             ,
             according
             to
             the
             quantity
             of
             the
             Wormes
             you
             haue
             ;
             And
             from
             time
             to
             time
             shift
             them
             into
             fresh
             and
             neate
             places
             ,
             more
             ample
             and
             large
             ,
             yet
             so
             ,
             as
             they
             may
             be
             reasonably
             neere
             one
             to
             another
             ;
             And
             then
             giue
             them
             as
             many
             leaues
             as
             they
             will
             eate
             ,
             tearing
             them
             in
             the
             middle
             .
          
        
         
           
             
               12.
               
            
             What
             prouision
             of
             branches
             must
             be
             made
             ,
             to
             cause
             .
             Silkewormes
             to
             spin
             their
             silke
             .
          
           
             SEuen
             or
             eight
             daies
             before
             the
             Wormes
             be
             readie
             to
             spin
             ,
             you
             must
             make
             prouision
             of
             branches
             of
             trees
             ,
             of
             the
             smallest
             &
             firmest
             that
             can
             be
             gotten
             ,
             as
             Birchin
             boughes
             ,
             Heath
             or
             Hather
             ,
             Broome
             ,
             cuttings
             of
             Vines
             ,
             or
             any
             flexible
             and
             bending
             tough
             branches
             :
             they
             must
             not
             be
             vsed
             greene
             ,
             but
             drie
             ,
             for
             feare
             the
             moistnesse
             of
             the
             greene
             branches
             hurt
             the
             Wormes
             ;
             And
             mingle
             with
             these
             boughes
             certaine
             sweet
             hearbes
             ,
             as
             Rosemary
             ,
             Time
             ,
             or
             Lauender
             ,
             because
             the
             Silkewormes
             loue
             greatly
             aromaticall
             
             smels
             ,
             but
             not
             sents
             that
             are
             strong
             and
             vnpleasant
             .
          
        
         
           
             
               13.
               
            
             The
             time
             when
             to
             cause
             Wormes
             to
             spinne
             ;
             and
             how
             you
             are
             to
             set
             and
             dresse
             vp
             boughes
             .
          
           
             TEn
             or
             twelue
             dayes
             ,
             after
             the
             Wormes
             shall
             haue
             attayned
             to
             their
             full
             bignesse
             of
             body
             ,
             according
             to
             their
             course
             of
             nature
             ;
             then
             shall
             you
             see
             some
             of
             them
             runne
             vpon
             the
             greene
             fresh
             Mulbery
             leaues
             ,
             without
             eating
             any
             of
             them
             .
             If
             then
             you
             perceiue
             them
             to
             be
             very
             bright
             and
             cleere
             in
             their
             belly
             and
             necke
             ,
             that
             is
             a
             signe
             and
             token
             they
             are
             ready
             to
             spinne
             .
          
           
             Then
             are
             you
             to
             prepare
             and
             set
             vp
             your
             boughs
             and
             branches
             ,
             and
             set
             them
             in
             rancks
             ,
             vpon
             the
             stories
             of
             shelues
             or
             tables
             ,
             vpright
             standing
             ,
             the
             bigger
             end
             resting
             vpon
             the
             lowest
             shelfe
             ,
             and
             the
             small
             end
             of
             the
             said
             boughes
             ,
             resting
             against
             the
             next
             vpper
             shelfe
             or
             boord
             to
             that
             ,
             and
             spread
             them
             about
             ,
             arching
             at
             large
             what
             you
             can
             ,
             to
             the
             end
             the
             Wormes
             may
             haue
             more
             roome
             and
             scope
             ,
             to
             make
             their
             balls
             or
             bottoms
             of
             Silke
             ,
             leauing
             a
             foot
             and
             a
             quarter
             distance
             ,
             betweene
             the
             said
             boughes
             one
             from
             another
             ,
             at
             the
             bigger
             ,
             and
             lower
             end
             of
             them
             .
             And
             between
             the
             two
             sides
             or
             arches
             of
             these
             said
             boughes
             ,
             vpon
             the
             shelfe
             you
             are
             to
             set
             your
             Wormes
             ,
             and
             giue
             them
             fresh
             ,
             greene
             ,
             and
             tender
             leaues
             ,
             as
             much
             as
             they
             will
             eate
             .
             And
             as
             you
             shall
             perceiue
             them
             to
             be
             ready
             to
             make
             their
             Silke
             ,
             they
             will
             be
             clyming
             vp
             ,
             vpon
             the
             said
             boughes
             .
             And
             if
             
             you
             see
             any
             of
             them
             not
             to
             get
             vp
             ,
             but
             wander
             heere
             and
             there
             from
             the
             said
             branches
             ,
             not
             finding
             them
             ,
             you
             must
             take
             him
             ,
             or
             them
             with
             your
             fingers
             ,
             cleanely
             ,
             and
             nicely
             ,
             and
             set
             it
             at
             the
             foot
             of
             the
             bough
             :
             for
             then
             ,
             if
             he
             be
             ready
             to
             spin
             ,
             hee
             will
             get
             vpon
             it
             .
          
           
             At
             that
             time
             ,
             you
             must
             clense
             them
             very
             often
             ,
             because
             they
             dung
             much
             ;
             and
             then
             you
             may
             handle
             them
             with
             the
             hand
             ,
             for
             that
             reioyces
             them
             ,
             so
             you
             haue
             a
             care
             not
             to
             crush
             or
             presse
             them
             .
             And
             when
             you
             shall
             see
             that
             there
             remaine
             but
             a
             few
             to
             spin
             ,
             take
             the
             rest
             ,
             and
             put
             them
             with
             others
             of
             the
             same
             forwardnesse
             .
             Let
             care
             bee
             had
             alwayes
             ,
             as
             well
             of
             those
             that
             gather
             the
             leaues
             ,
             as
             those
             that
             handle
             the
             Wormes
             ,
             that
             their
             hands
             be
             very
             neat
             and
             cleane
             ,
             as
             we
             haue
             remembred
             .
          
           
             Likewise
             you
             must
             haue
             care
             ,
             when
             the
             weather
             is
             cold
             ,
             or
             moist
             ,
             to
             haue
             some
             fire
             in
             the
             roome
             .
             If
             you
             cast
             a
             little
             Vineger
             vpon
             the
             coales
             ,
             or
             some
             sweet
             smelling
             herbes
             ,
             or
             flowers
             ,
             into
             the
             pots
             built
             in
             the
             Ouens
             to
             that
             end
             ,
             it
             comforts
             the
             Wormes
             .
             And
             as
             for
             such
             men
             as
             haue
             no
             such
             Ouens
             ,
             they
             may
             make
             some
             fire
             in
             the
             Chimney
             of
             the
             roomes
             ,
             or
             in
             a
             pan
             with
             wood-coales
             well
             kindled
             first
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             
               14.
               
            
             When
             you
             must
             draw
             the
             Silke
             balls
             ,
             b●●tomes
             ,
             or
             cods
             ,
             after
             that
             the
             Wormes
             haue
             made
             them
             .
          
           
             TEn
             dayes
             after
             ,
             or
             thereabouts
             ,
             that
             the
             Silkewormes
             haue
             made
             their
             silke
             balls
             ,
             or
             bottoms
             vpon
             the
             boughes
             ;
             then
             are
             you
             to
             take
             away
             the
             branches
             with
             the
             balls
             ,
             and
             to
             take
             the
             cods
             off
             from
             the
             said
             boughes
             or
             branches
             .
             Then
             also
             must
             you
             chuse
             out
             the
             very
             best
             Silke
             balls
             ,
             to
             make
             as
             much
             seed
             ,
             as
             you
             will
             preserue
             for
             the
             next
             yeere
             .
             There
             goes
             two
             hundred
             Silke
             cods
             ,
             or
             bottoms
             ,
             to
             make
             one
             ounce
             of
             seed
             :
             But
             if
             they
             bee
             double
             ,
             that
             is
             to
             say
             ,
             if
             there
             bee
             found
             two
             or
             three
             Wormes
             in
             one
             Silke
             ball
             or
             bottome
             ,
             as
             it
             often
             falleth
             out
             ,
             we
             are
             to
             iudge
             and
             estimate
             then
             ,
             that
             one
             hundred
             couple
             of
             Wormes
             will
             make
             one
             ounce
             of
             seed
             ,
             or
             thereabouts
             .
             And
             one
             ounce
             of
             seed
             bringeth
             foorth
             sixe
             ,
             eight
             ,
             and
             ten
             pounds
             of
             Silke
             by
             the
             yeere
             ,
             more
             or
             lesse
             ,
             according
             as
             the
             season
             is
             fitting
             .
             In
             
               Valencia
               ,
            
             in
             
               Granada
               ,
            
             and
             in
             sundry
             other
             places
             ,
             they
             keepe
             ordinarily
             for
             seed
             ,
             those
             bottoms
             of
             Silke
             ,
             wherein
             are
             two
             or
             three
             Wormes
             a
             piece
             :
             because
             their
             Silke
             is
             neither
             so
             fine
             ,
             nor
             so
             easie
             to
             bee
             spun
             ,
             as
             the
             others
             .
             They
             may
             bee
             knowne
             by
             the
             handling
             of
             them
             ,
             for
             they
             are
             stronger
             ,
             rounder
             ,
             and
             bigger
             then
             the
             rest
             :
             But
             sometimes
             it
             falleth
             out
             ,
             that
             the
             Wormes
             cannot
             breake
             thorow
             their
             Silke
             bottoms
             ;
             in
             such
             case
             ,
             they
             must
             be
             clipped
             at
             the
             smaller
             end
             with
             the
             point
             of
             a
             paire
             of
             Sisers
             ,
             without
             
             cutting
             the
             piece
             cleane
             off
             from
             the
             bottome
             ,
             in
             which
             you
             must
             haue
             a
             care
             not
             to
             offend
             the
             Wormes
             :
             Then
             with
             a
             needle
             and
             a
             thred
             ,
             must
             you
             thred
             them
             together
             ,
             not
             thrusting
             the
             needle
             thorow
             the
             body
             of
             the
             bottome
             ,
             but
             at
             one
             side
             ;
             onely
             passing
             the
             needle
             thorow
             the
             first
             coorse
             downe
             or
             sleaue
             .
          
           
             Note
             also
             ,
             that
             such
             silke
             bottomes
             as
             haue
             but
             one
             Worme
             ,
             you
             need
             not
             to
             cut
             them
             .
             Then
             hang
             them
             vpon
             nailes
             ,
             or
             woodden
             pinnes
             ,
             where
             Vermine
             cannot
             come
             .
             And
             when
             the
             Wormes
             shall
             come
             forth
             and
             be
             Butterflies
             ,
             you
             are
             to
             take
             them
             by
             the
             wings
             ,
             and
             set
             them
             vpon
             certaine
             shelues
             ;
             to
             the
             end
             that
             the
             male
             and
             the
             female
             may
             couple
             together
             .
             Also
             then
             must
             you
             be
             prouided
             of
             some
             stuffe
             ,
             old
             or
             new
             ,
             that
             hath
             no
             wooll
             vpon
             it
             (
             but
             vse
             no
             linnen
             or
             paper
             )
             and
             hang
             vp
             the
             said
             stuffe
             in
             some
             part
             of
             the
             house
             ;
             then
             take
             the
             Butterflies
             all
             coupled
             together
             as
             they
             are
             ,
             by
             their
             wings
             ,
             and
             set
             them
             vpon
             the
             said
             stuffe
             ,
             be
             it
             Say
             ,
             Piropus
             ,
             the
             backside
             of
             old
             Veluet
             ,
             or
             such
             like
             stuffe
             as
             hath
             no
             wooll
             on
             it
             ,
             so
             hang'd
             vp
             against
             the
             walles
             ,
             as
             we
             haue
             said
             ;
             but
             in
             any
             case
             ,
             set
             not
             them
             thereon
             ,
             till
             they
             be
             coupled
             and
             ioyned
             together
             ;
             for
             otherwise
             the
             seed
             would
             prooue
             worth
             nothing
             .
             And
             if
             any
             be
             so
             poore
             ,
             that
             they
             cannot
             get
             such
             stuffe
             ,
             let
             them
             take
             Walnut-tree
             leaues
             ,
             one
             handfull
             ,
             or
             more
             ,
             and
             tye
             them
             together
             by
             doozens
             ,
             the
             backe
             of
             the
             leaues
             on
             the
             backside
             ,
             and
             hang
             them
             at
             a
             naile
             ,
             or
             pinne
             ,
             and
             set
             the
             coupled
             Butterflies
             vpon
             them
             ,
             as
             we
             haue
             said
             .
          
           
           
             Note
             that
             the
             Butterflies
             come
             not
             out
             of
             the
             Cod
             commonly
             but
             in
             the
             morning
             ,
             about
             eight
             a
             clocke
             .
          
           
             You
             shall
             know
             the
             seed
             by
             the
             colour
             thereof
             ,
             the
             good
             from
             the
             bad
             ,
             to
             wit
             ,
             that
             of
             coupled
             Wormes
             which
             is
             good
             ,
             becommeth
             blackish
             within
             eight
             or
             ten
             dayes
             after
             ;
             the
             other
             remaineth
             yellowish
             ,
             and
             that
             is
             worth
             nothing
             .
          
           
             When
             you
             see
             that
             all
             the
             Butterflies
             be
             dead
             ,
             and
             the
             seed
             become
             grayish
             ,
             you
             shall
             take
             it
             vp
             with
             a
             knife
             ,
             very
             gingerly
             ,
             and
             that
             which
             remaineth
             vpon
             the
             leaues
             ,
             you
             may
             take
             vp
             easily
             with
             your
             fingers
             .
             And
             if
             by
             chance
             some
             seed
             should
             be
             laid
             vpon
             paper
             or
             linnen
             ,
             it
             cleaueth
             so
             fast
             ,
             that
             you
             cannot
             get
             it
             off
             ,
             without
             spoyling
             it
             ;
             in
             such
             case
             you
             must
             keepe
             it
             ,
             paper
             and
             all
             ,
             to
             the
             next
             yeere
             ;
             and
             in
             the
             due
             season
             ,
             the
             Wormes
             will
             come
             foorth
             thereout
             of
             themselues
             .
             But
             the
             other
             seed
             gathered
             from
             the
             stuffe
             or
             leaues
             aforesaid
             ,
             you
             must
             put
             in
             a
             boxe
             ,
             very
             cleane
             ,
             the
             sides
             close
             pasted
             with
             paper
             ,
             that
             no
             aire
             nor
             dust
             get
             in
             ,
             and
             keepe
             it
             in
             a
             chest
             ,
             in
             a
             dry
             temperate
             place
             ,
             till
             the
             next
             yeere
             :
             but
             take
             heed
             you
             keepe
             it
             neither
             in
             too
             cold
             ,
             nor
             in
             too
             warme
             a
             place
             ;
             for
             then
             the
             heate
             would
             hatch
             the
             Wormes
             ,
             though
             it
             were
             in
             Winter
             ;
             and
             then
             being
             no
             leaues
             to
             feed
             them
             ,
             they
             starue
             and
             dye
             ,
             and
             so
             all
             your
             labour
             is
             lost
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             
               15.
               
            
             How
             you
             may
             discerne
             the
             male
             Worme
             ,
             from
             the
             female
             ,
             the
             silk
             bottomes
             of
             the
             males
             ,
             and
             females
             ,
             and
             also
             the
             male
             Butterfly
             ,
             from
             the
             female
             .
          
           
             NOw
             to
             know
             the
             male
             Worme
             from
             the
             female
             ,
             (
             which
             cannot
             be
             well
             discerned
             till
             the
             Wormes
             bee
             growne
             great
             )
             you
             shall
             distinguish
             them
             by
             their
             heads
             ,
             because
             the
             male
             Worme
             hath
             his
             head
             more
             wrinkled
             ,
             hauing
             eyes
             ,
             as
             a
             man
             would
             thinke
             :
             whereas
             the
             female
             hath
             her
             head
             round
             ,
             with
             small
             appearance
             of
             eyes
             .
             As
             for
             the
             bottomes
             ,
             you
             may
             know
             the
             male
             ,
             by
             the
             forme
             of
             his
             silke
             bottome
             :
             for
             the
             male
             maketh
             his
             bottome
             lesser
             ,
             and
             very
             sharpe
             at
             one
             end
             ,
             and
             but
             halfe
             so
             sharp
             at
             the
             other
             end
             .
             Whereas
             the
             silke
             bottomes
             of
             the
             females
             ,
             are
             bigger
             ,
             and
             softer
             ,
             round
             at
             one
             end
             ,
             and
             halfe
             poynted
             at
             the
             other
             .
          
           
             As
             concerning
             the
             Butterflies
             ,
             the
             male
             is
             lesser
             of
             body
             then
             the
             female
             ,
             and
             stirs
             the
             wings
             oftener
             then
             the
             female
             ,
             and
             more
             strongly
             .
          
        
         
           
             
               16.
               
            
             How
             you
             must
             mannage
             and
             handle
             the
             silke
             bottomes
             ,
             to
             draw
             their
             silke
             out
             of
             them
             ,
             before
             the
             Wormes
             turne
             to
             be
             Butterflies
             .
          
           
             AS
             soone
             as
             you
             haue
             taken
             the
             bottomes
             of
             silke
             from
             the
             branches
             abouenamed
             ,
             before
             they
             turne
             to
             bee
             Butterflies
             ,
             it
             is
             best
             to
             spinne
             the
             silke
             from
             off
             the
             bottomes
             ,
             because
             
             after
             the
             bottomes
             haue
             bin
             once
             pearced
             ,
             they
             cannot
             yeeld
             so
             fine
             silke
             ,
             but
             onely
             a
             coorse
             silk
             or
             sleaue
             .
             And
             he
             that
             shall
             not
             be
             able
             to
             get
             his
             silke
             to
             be
             spunne
             ,
             before
             the
             bottome
             may
             be
             pierced
             ,
             which
             will
             be
             about
             a
             fortnight
             ,
             or
             three
             weekes
             ,
             after
             the
             Wormes
             haue
             spun
             ,
             then
             aforehand
             you
             may
             kill
             the
             Wormes
             thus
             with
             the
             heate
             of
             the
             Sunne
             .
          
           
             To
             this
             end
             then
             ,
             you
             must
             spread
             the
             silke
             bottomes
             in
             the
             Sun
             ,
             at
             noone-day
             ,
             when
             it
             is
             in
             the
             greatest
             heate
             ,
             vpon
             plankes
             ,
             or
             such
             like
             ,
             for
             the
             space
             of
             one
             houre
             ,
             turning
             them
             often
             .
             After
             that
             ,
             gather
             them
             all
             into
             a
             heape
             ,
             in
             a
             linnen
             cloth
             ,
             and
             therewith
             couer
             them
             ,
             to
             smother
             the
             Wormes
             within
             their
             bottomes
             ,
             and
             continue
             in
             so
             doing
             two
             or
             three
             dayes
             .
             And
             in
             case
             the
             Sun
             should
             bee
             wanting
             in
             light
             and
             heate
             ,
             to
             kill
             the
             Wormes
             ;
             then
             after
             you
             haue
             drawn
             your
             bread
             from
             out
             the
             Ouen
             ,
             or
             else
             hauing
             heated
             it
             ,
             to
             the
             same
             measure
             and
             proportion
             of
             heate
             ,
             all
             the
             embers
             of
             the
             fire
             first
             taken
             out
             ,
             you
             may
             put
             the
             bottomes
             into
             the
             Ouen
             ,
             vpon
             woodden
             boords
             ,
             or
             some
             such
             like
             thing
             ,
             and
             stirre
             them
             often
             ,
             as
             wee
             haue
             already
             said
             :
             But
             remember
             that
             you
             leaue
             not
             the
             bottoms
             aboue
             an
             houre
             in
             the
             Ouen
             ,
             lest
             the
             silke
             burne
             ,
             or
             being
             too
             much
             dryed
             vp
             ,
             become
             vnfit
             to
             be
             spunne
             afterwards
             .
             Beware
             also
             the
             Ouen
             be
             not
             too
             hot
             .
             And
             if
             the
             Wormes
             be
             not
             dead
             at
             the
             first
             time
             ,
             put
             them
             in
             againe
             till
             they
             bee
             dead
             .
             After
             that
             ,
             you
             must
             keepe
             the
             silke
             bottomes
             in
             a
             place
             where
             they
             may
             not
             be
             pressed
             together
             too
             hard
             ,
             and
             where
             
             Vermine
             cannot
             come
             .
             And
             so
             you
             may
             keepe
             them
             till
             you
             haue
             time
             conuenient
             to
             spinne
             the
             silke
             .
             Yet
             if
             you
             can
             spinne
             the
             silke
             before
             you
             kill
             the
             Wormes
             ,
             the
             silke
             will
             prooue
             much
             better
             ,
             and
             more
             easie
             to
             be
             spunne
             .
          
           
             There
             is
             another
             way
             ,
             and
             better
             ,
             to
             kill
             the
             Wormes
             within
             their
             bottomes
             ,
             for
             such
             as
             can
             doe
             it
             ;
             and
             this
             they
             practise
             at
             
               Messina
               .
            
             They
             haue
             furnaces
             ,
             and
             great
             Cauldrons
             or
             Coppers
             ,
             such
             as
             Diers
             vse
             ,
             those
             they
             fill
             halfe
             full
             with
             water
             ;
             then
             they
             make
             a
             fire
             in
             the
             furnace
             ,
             to
             heate
             the
             water
             .
             Then
             they
             lay
             a
             round
             lid
             or
             couer
             of
             planke
             or
             boord
             within
             the
             Cauldron
             or
             Copper
             ,
             but
             so
             borne
             vp
             by
             the
             Copper
             ,
             that
             it
             touch
             not
             the
             water
             ,
             though
             it
             lye
             neere
             to
             it
             ,
             within
             three
             or
             foure
             fingers
             bredth
             of
             it
             ,
             which
             round
             lid
             or
             couer
             must
             be
             bored
             as
             full
             of
             holes
             as
             a
             Siue
             :
             vpon
             this
             couer
             they
             lay
             a
             thin
             Carpet
             of
             Darnix
             ,
             or
             the
             like
             ,
             and
             vpon
             the
             Carpet
             ,
             the
             silke
             bottomes
             are
             laid
             ,
             which
             must
             be
             stirred
             often
             ,
             and
             the
             Cauldron
             or
             Copper
             must
             bee
             couered
             aboue
             the
             lid
             ,
             that
             the
             heate
             may
             smother
             the
             Wormes
             within
             the
             bottomes
             .
             When
             the
             Wormes
             be
             dead
             ,
             take
             vp
             the
             bottomes
             ,
             and
             lay
             them
             in
             some
             roome
             where
             there
             is
             ayre
             ,
             to
             draw
             out
             and
             dry
             their
             moystnesse
             .
             By
             this
             meanes
             the
             silke
             loseth
             not
             the
             colour
             ,
             and
             is
             as
             good
             ,
             and
             as
             easie
             to
             be
             spunne
             ,
             as
             if
             it
             had
             been
             spun
             assoone
             as
             the
             Wormes
             had
             made
             it
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             
               17.
               
            
             The
             manner
             how
             to
             prepare
             the
             silke
             bottomes
             that
             be
             pierced
             ,
             which
             were
             kept
             for
             seed
             ,
             how
             to
             make
             of
             them
             course
             silke
             ,
             and
             of
             the
             best
             and
             finest
             of
             that
             kind
             .
          
           
             AS
             concerning
             such
             bottomes
             of
             silke
             as
             are
             pierced
             ,
             they
             cannot
             serue
             to
             make
             fine
             silke
             ,
             but
             coorse
             ,
             yet
             of
             that
             you
             shall
             make
             the
             best
             of
             that
             sort
             ,
             namely
             ,
             when
             they
             be
             rightly
             mannaged
             in
             this
             manner
             :
          
           
             Take
             the
             said
             pierced
             bottomes
             ,
             and
             wash
             them
             in
             fresh
             water
             ,
             hauing
             by
             you
             a
             Cauldron
             with
             cleere
             water
             in
             it
             ,
             which
             being
             set
             on
             the
             fire
             ,
             and
             ready
             to
             boyle
             ,
             put
             sope
             in
             it
             ,
             and
             when
             that
             it
             boyleth
             ,
             and
             the
             sope
             is
             molten
             ,
             put
             the
             silke
             bottomes
             in
             it
             ,
             and
             let
             them
             boyle
             one
             quarter
             of
             an
             houre
             ,
             or
             thereabouts
             ,
             and
             stirre
             them
             .
             After
             that
             ,
             take
             them
             out
             ,
             and
             wash
             them
             in
             clean
             water
             ,
             and
             dry
             them
             .
             When
             they
             are
             dryed
             ,
             then
             must
             you
             beate
             them
             with
             a
             round
             staffe
             of
             a
             good
             bignesse
             ,
             vpon
             a
             stone
             ,
             or
             other
             thing
             ,
             and
             then
             they
             will
             become
             white
             ,
             and
             smooth
             as
             wooll
             :
             After
             that
             ,
             women
             may
             spin
             them
             ,
             in
             this
             manner
             as
             followeth
             :
          
           
             First
             of
             all
             ,
             they
             must
             pull
             them
             with
             their
             fingers
             one
             after
             another
             ,
             and
             open
             them
             very
             wide
             as
             they
             doe
             wooll
             when
             they
             spin
             it
             .
             Then
             must
             they
             put
             the
             silke
             vpon
             the
             Distatfe
             ,
             and
             spin
             it
             as
             small
             and
             fine
             as
             they
             can
             ,
             or
             will.
             Others
             doe
             card
             it
             with
             cards
             made
             for
             the
             purpose
             ,
             but
             then
             it
             cannot
             be
             spunne
             so
             euen
             .
          
           
           
             As
             touching
             the
             refuse
             or
             drosse
             ,
             that
             must
             bee
             carded
             ,
             for
             to
             spin
             it
             .
             He
             that
             will
             haue
             his
             said
             coorse
             silke
             yellow
             ,
             be
             must
             put
             the
             pierced
             bottomes
             in
             fresh
             water
             foure
             or
             fiue
             dayes
             ,
             and
             change
             the
             water
             euery
             day
             ,
             and
             presse
             the
             bottomes
             with
             his
             hands
             ;
             after
             that
             ,
             hee
             must
             dry
             them
             and
             so
             they
             may
             be
             spunne
             ,
             as
             though
             they
             had
             been
             sodden
             ;
             and
             this
             ,
             without
             losing
             their
             colour
             .
          
        
         
           
             
               18.
               
            
             How
             you
             are
             to
             gather
             the
             Mulbery
             leaues
             ,
             so
             as
             the
             trees
             may
             best
             thriue
             thereby
             ,
             and
             the
             leaues
             be
             the
             better
             .
          
           
             IT
             is
             good
             for
             him
             that
             hath
             Mulbery
             trees
             ,
             that
             hee
             gather
             his
             leaues
             but
             once
             in
             two
             yeeres
             ;
             
               viz.
            
             if
             he
             haue
             500.
             trees
             ,
             to
             gather
             the
             leaues
             of
             250.
             one
             yeere
             ,
             keeping
             the
             other
             halfe
             for
             the
             next
             yeere
             ;
             neuerthelesse
             ,
             such
             as
             cannot
             spare
             the
             leaues
             ,
             may
             gather
             them
             in
             this
             manner
             that
             followeth
             :
          
           
             Of
             all
             the
             principall
             boughes
             and
             branches
             of
             the
             trees
             ,
             you
             are
             to
             gather
             leafe
             after
             leafe
             ,
             leauing
             the
             stalkes
             behind
             ,
             and
             the
             ends
             or
             tips
             of
             the
             branches
             together
             with
             the
             younger
             leaues
             ,
             to
             the
             end
             that
             the
             said
             boughes
             or
             branches
             may
             grow
             so
             much
             the
             better
             .
             And
             as
             for
             the
             little
             sprigs
             ,
             that
             grow
             within
             the
             trees
             ,
             if
             they
             bee
             in
             too
             great
             number
             ,
             and
             thicke
             or
             ranke
             ,
             you
             may
             plucke
             them
             off
             with
             their
             leaues
             .
             As
             touching
             young
             Mulbery
             trees
             ,
             you
             are
             to
             gather
             the
             leaues
             onely
             of
             the
             principall
             branches
             ,
             as
             wee
             
             haue
             said
             .
             Care
             must
             be
             had
             to
             keepe
             the
             leaues
             of
             the
             older
             trees
             ,
             till
             the
             Wormes
             haue
             passed
             their
             third
             and
             fourth
             sicknesse
             ;
             for
             then
             it
             is
             ,
             that
             they
             beget
             their
             silke
             ;
             and
             the
             leaues
             of
             such
             old
             Trees
             beget
             more
             silke
             then
             the
             yong
             ones
             .
             And
             the
             Wormes
             eate
             more
             leaues
             in
             three
             or
             foure
             dayes
             after
             they
             are
             growne
             to
             their
             bignesse
             ,
             then
             euer
             they
             did
             in
             all
             their
             time
             before
             .
          
           
             Now
             ,
             forasmuch
             as
             it
             sometimes
             falleth
             out
             in
             the
             Spring
             time
             ,
             that
             it
             raines
             two
             or
             three
             dayes
             together
             ,
             so
             as
             the
             leaues
             cannot
             dry
             by
             the
             weather
             ;
             In
             such
             a
             case
             ,
             while
             the
             Wormes
             are
             yet
             little
             ,
             you
             may
             cut
             off
             some
             branches
             of
             the
             Mulbery
             Trees
             ,
             and
             hang
             them
             vp
             in
             houses
             ,
             where
             the
             ayre
             may
             come
             to
             dry
             them
             ,
             and
             as
             soone
             as
             the
             leaues
             be
             dry
             ,
             you
             must
             plucke
             them
             ;
             for
             otherwise
             the
             branches
             would
             draw
             the
             sappe
             and
             iuyce
             of
             the
             leaues
             to
             them
             .
             Otherwise
             ,
             if
             you
             gather
             the
             leaues
             wet
             ,
             you
             may
             dry
             them
             ,
             by
             spreading
             them
             vpon
             a
             cleane
             linnen
             cloth
             ,
             stirring
             them
             often
             ,
             and
             wiping
             them
             with
             another
             cleane
             linnen
             cloth
             ,
             till
             they
             be
             dry
             .
          
        
         
           
             
               19.
               
            
             Touching
             the
             Husbanding
             of
             Mulbery
             Trees
             .
          
           
             IT
             is
             to
             be
             noted
             ,
             that
             Mulbery
             trees
             are
             to
             bee
             husbanded
             ,
             opened
             ,
             digged
             ,
             and
             dunged
             at
             the
             foote
             ,
             as
             the
             Oliue
             tree
             ,
             namely
             ,
             in
             such
             places
             where
             they
             grow
             ,
             with
             mayne
             labour
             of
             men
             .
             But
             in
             such
             places
             where
             they
             grow
             naturally
             ,
             where
             the
             nature
             of
             the
             soyle
             is
             such
             ,
             that
             it
             bringeth
             them
             
             foorth
             without
             so
             much
             handy
             labour
             ,
             there
             their
             fruit
             is
             better
             .
             And
             those
             men
             that
             will
             haue
             some
             trees
             planted
             vpon
             their
             land
             ,
             they
             are
             to
             make
             good
             choice
             of
             them
             in
             Summer
             ,
             and
             marke
             them
             so
             ,
             as
             they
             may
             know
             them
             in
             Winter
             ,
             to
             remooue
             them
             in
             the
             due
             season
             fit
             to
             plant
             them
             in
             .
             And
             to
             chuse
             the
             very
             best
             of
             them
             ,
             you
             are
             to
             cull
             out
             such
             as
             haue
             round
             leaues
             ,
             and
             not
             forked
             ,
             for
             both
             the
             fruit
             ,
             and
             the
             leaues
             of
             them
             are
             better
             then
             those
             of
             the
             other
             Trees
             .
             These
             fiue
             and
             twenty
             yeeres
             I
             haue
             seene
             diuers
             Countreys
             ,
             where
             they
             began
             (
             and
             afterwards
             found
             it
             very
             profitable
             )
             to
             plant
             Mulbery
             trees
             about
             their
             grounds
             ,
             in
             stead
             of
             hedges
             ,
             where
             they
             grow
             so
             speedily
             ,
             that
             the
             second
             yeere
             they
             may
             begin
             to
             gather
             some
             leaues
             ,
             during
             the
             time
             that
             the
             Wormes
             are
             small
             :
             forasmuch
             as
             the
             leaues
             of
             little
             trees
             grow
             sooner
             ,
             then
             they
             of
             big
             Trees
             .
             To
             plant
             Mulbery
             trees
             in
             forme
             of
             a
             thicke
             hedge
             ,
             for
             to
             haue
             the
             first
             yong
             leaues
             ,
             for
             the
             Wormes
             new
             hatched
             ,
             you
             must
             make
             a
             ditch
             of
             a
             foote
             and
             a
             halfe
             deepe
             ,
             and
             as
             broad
             ,
             and
             therein
             plant
             your
             yong
             trees
             ,
             then
             fill
             the
             ditch
             with
             earth
             almost
             full
             :
             then
             cut
             off
             the
             branches
             of
             the
             trees
             that
             you
             haue
             set
             ;
             for
             that
             will
             make
             them
             grow
             the
             better
             ;
             and
             place
             them
             two
             foot
             neere
             one
             another
             .
             And
             whosoeuer
             will
             haue
             a
             double
             hedge
             of
             them
             ,
             let
             him
             make
             another
             ditch
             three
             or
             foure
             foote
             neere
             that
             ,
             and
             plant
             it
             as
             in
             the
             other
             :
             Their
             Wood
             ,
             when
             they
             are
             plashed
             ,
             is
             as
             good
             to
             burne
             ,
             as
             any
             other
             ;
             and
             their
             Ashes
             better
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             
               20.
               
            
             How
             to
             prepare
             the
             seed
             of
             Mulbery
             trees
             to
             make
             a
             Nurcery
             .
          
           
             WHosoeuer
             will
             make
             a
             Nurcery
             of
             the
             seed
             of
             Mulbery
             trees
             ,
             when
             the
             fruit
             is
             ripe
             ,
             let
             him
             obserue
             that
             Tree
             ,
             that
             beares
             the
             fairest
             and
             roundest
             leafe
             ;
             and
             of
             that
             tree
             let
             him
             gather
             so
             many
             Mulberies
             ,
             as
             will
             fit
             him
             for
             his
             seed
             ,
             which
             must
             be
             thus
             vsed
             .
          
           
             First
             ,
             wash
             the
             Mulberyes
             in
             two
             or
             three
             waters
             ,
             pressing
             them
             with
             your
             hands
             ,
             and
             then
             take
             vp
             the
             seed
             that
             remaineth
             in
             the
             bottome
             of
             the
             water
             .
             After
             that
             ,
             dry
             your
             seed
             in
             the
             house
             ,
             and
             keepe
             it
             till
             the
             moneth
             of
             March
             next
             comming
             .
             Such
             men
             as
             will
             gaine
             one
             yeere
             ,
             sow
             it
             assoone
             as
             they
             haue
             gathered
             it
             ,
             without
             drying
             it
             ;
             And
             other
             men
             sow
             the
             Mulberies
             whole
             as
             they
             are
             ,
             in
             that
             manner
             that
             we
             will
             say
             .
          
        
         
           
             
               21.
               
            
             In
             what
             manner
             you
             are
             to
             sow
             the
             seed
             of
             Mulbery
             trees
             for
             a
             Nurcery
             .
          
           
             FIrst
             ,
             you
             must
             dig
             ,
             husband
             ,
             and
             make
             beds
             of
             fat
             earth
             ,
             the
             mold
             being
             made
             small
             ,
             and
             wel
             dunged
             with
             good
             old
             dung
             ,
             thorowly
             rotten
             ,
             and
             you
             must
             make
             your
             beds
             foure
             foot
             ,
             or
             foure
             and
             a
             halfe
             broad
             :
             And
             within
             the
             said
             beds
             ,
             you
             must
             make
             foure
             or
             fiue
             straight
             lines
             of
             rayes
             or
             furrowes
             ,
             all
             halfe
             a
             foot
             equally
             distant
             one
             from
             another
             ,
             and
             euery
             furrow
             must
             bee
             two
             inches
             deepe
             ,
             and
             foure
             broad
             ;
             And
             betweene
             euery
             bed
             you
             must
             leaue
             little
             Allies
             ,
             or
             spaces
             halfe
             a
             foot
             
             broad
             ,
             which
             will
             serue
             you
             to
             goe
             to
             weed
             or
             water
             them
             ,
             without
             treading
             vpon
             them
             .
             Then
             are
             you
             to
             sowe
             the
             seed
             in
             the
             said
             furrowes
             ,
             and
             couer
             it
             an
             inch
             deepe
             or
             thereabout
             ,
             of
             the
             finest
             mould
             .
          
           
             The
             first
             yeere
             you
             must
             take
             care
             to
             water
             it
             often
             ,
             if
             the
             weather
             bee
             dry
             ,
             and
             the
             earth
             must
             bee
             kept
             cleane
             from
             weeds
             .
             A
             yeere
             after
             that
             ,
             you
             may
             pull
             vp
             ,
             and
             transplant
             your
             Mulbery
             trees
             into
             another
             ground
             more
             at
             large
             ,
             
               viz.
            
             two
             foot
             one
             from
             the
             other
             ,
             as
             ordinarily
             other
             trees
             are
             disposed
             of
             :
             and
             there
             let
             them
             grow
             till
             they
             bee
             as
             bigge
             as
             a
             mans
             arme
             at
             his
             wrest
             ,
             or
             thereabouts
             .
             And
             then
             you
             may
             transplant
             them
             ,
             into
             the
             place
             ,
             or
             ground
             ,
             where
             you
             will
             haue
             them
             continue
             for
             euer
             :
             Leauing
             a
             distance
             the
             one
             from
             the
             other
             ,
             of
             fifteene
             or
             sixteene
             foote
             ,
             namely
             ,
             so
             as
             the
             boughes
             of
             one
             tree
             grow
             not
             within
             another
             .
             Care
             must
             bee
             had
             ,
             that
             in
             hot
             Countreys
             these
             trees
             be
             set
             deeper
             into
             the
             earth
             ,
             then
             in
             a
             cold
             soyle
             ,
             for
             feare
             of
             burning
             the
             Rootes
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             
               1.
               
            
             Another
             Discourse
             how
             to
             plant
             the
             Vine
             ,
             how
             to
             dresse
             and
             husband
             it
             sundry
             wayes
             ,
             how
             to
             chuse
             the
             ground
             and
             the
             seate
             to
             that
             effect
             .
          
           
             FIrst
             ,
             such
             as
             will
             plant
             Vines
             ,
             they
             are
             to
             chuse
             a
             soyle
             proper
             and
             conuenient
             for
             that
             vse
             .
             If
             you
             plant
             it
             in
             a
             low
             ground
             ,
             and
             moyst
             ,
             there
             the
             Vine
             growes
             well
             ,
             and
             beares
             store
             of
             fruit
             ,
             but
             the
             Grapes
             neuer
             ripen
             well
             ,
             and
             therefore
             the
             wine
             is
             not
             good
             ,
             nor
             can
             it
             be
             kept
             long
             .
             You
             must
             then
             make
             choice
             of
             a
             dry
             soyle
             ,
             whose
             aspect
             is
             toward
             the
             full
             South
             Sunne
             ,
             and
             couered
             or
             sheltered
             from
             the
             Noth
             wind
             ,
             if
             it
             bee
             possible
             .
             And
             if
             you
             meete
             with
             rising
             ground
             ,
             as
             the
             sides
             of
             hills
             hanging
             downe
             ,
             they
             are
             most
             proper
             ,
             and
             though
             they
             bee
             full
             of
             little
             stones
             ,
             and
             grauell
             ,
             they
             are
             also
             the
             better
             for
             them
             ,
             and
             not
             the
             worse
             ;
             the
             wine
             of
             such
             places
             being
             better
             able
             to
             be
             kept
             long
             ,
             and
             fitter
             also
             to
             be
             carried
             farre
             .
          
           
             First
             ,
             you
             must
             open
             the
             earth
             ,
             and
             dig
             it
             one
             foot
             and
             a
             halfe
             deepe
             ,
             or
             thereabouts
             .
             And
             after
             you
             haue
             digged
             as
             much
             earth
             as
             you
             haue
             plants
             to
             set
             ,
             you
             must
             make
             ditches
             in
             the
             said
             ground
             looking
             towards
             the
             full
             South
             ,
             one
             foot
             and
             a
             halfe
             deepe
             ,
             and
             as
             broad
             ,
             and
             of
             the
             length
             that
             the
             place
             is
             of
             .
          
           
             The
             ditches
             must
             bee
             three
             or
             foure
             foot
             distant
             one
             from
             another
             :
             so
             after
             you
             haue
             selected
             your
             
             plants
             ,
             whether
             with
             roots
             ,
             or
             without
             ,
             as
             of
             slips
             or
             cuttings
             (
             for
             the
             Vine
             growes
             aswell
             without
             root
             ,
             as
             with
             ,
             and
             that
             which
             is
             set
             without
             root
             ,
             is
             of
             the
             longer
             indurance
             and
             lasting
             ;
             though
             true
             it
             is
             ,
             that
             the
             first
             yere
             it
             will
             not
             grow
             so
             much
             as
             that
             which
             hath
             rootes
             )
             These
             plants
             I
             say
             ,
             must
             bee
             planted
             three
             or
             foure
             foot
             one
             from
             another
             ,
             in
             as
             much
             distance
             as
             the
             ditches
             are
             one
             from
             another
             .
             And
             the
             Vine
             plants
             must
             be
             planted
             in
             a
             straight
             line
             ,
             in
             forme
             of
             a
             Checker
             ,
             quadrangle-wise
             .
          
           
             Heere
             obserue
             ,
             that
             if
             the
             plants
             bee
             without
             rootes
             ,
             you
             must
             cause
             them
             to
             soke
             in
             fresh
             water
             ,
             twelue
             or
             fifteene
             dayes
             ere
             you
             plant
             them
             ,
             putting
             the
             big
             end
             of
             the
             plant
             in
             the
             water
             a
             foot
             deepe
             .
             But
             if
             they
             haue
             roots
             ,
             you
             must
             cut
             them
             off
             (
             vnlesse
             they
             were
             pluckt
             vp
             one
             day
             or
             two
             at
             most
             before
             you
             plant
             them
             )
             and
             put
             them
             in
             water
             two
             or
             three
             dayes
             .
             He
             that
             shall
             plant
             the
             Vine
             ,
             must
             haue
             one
             to
             helpe
             him
             ,
             who
             shall
             lay
             the
             Vine
             in
             the
             ditch
             ,
             all
             along
             the
             said
             ditch
             ,
             of
             what
             distance
             he
             will
             ,
             one
             from
             the
             other
             .
             And
             in
             planting
             ,
             he
             shall
             tread
             in
             the
             ditch
             ,
             letting
             some
             of
             the
             digged
             earth
             fall
             into
             the
             place
             where
             hee
             is
             to
             plant
             or
             set
             his
             Vine
             ;
             then
             shall
             hee
             take
             his
             plant
             ,
             and
             bow
             it
             one
             foot
             in
             the
             earth
             of
             the
             ditch
             ,
             or
             thereabouts
             ,
             according
             to
             the
             length
             of
             the
             plant
             ,
             putting
             the
             biggest
             end
             within
             the
             ditch
             ,
             towards
             the
             plumpe
             ,
             South
             of
             the
             Sunne-rising
             ,
             and
             with
             the
             hand
             ,
             raising
             vp
             the
             point
             ,
             end
             ,
             or
             top
             of
             it
             ,
             setting
             his
             foot
             on
             the
             root
             ,
             and
             casting
             some
             mould
             on
             it
             ,
             halfe
             a
             foot
             deepe
             or
             more
             ,
             and
             treading
             on
             it
             ,
             that
             it
             may
             bee
             firme
             .
             And
             hee
             must
             doe
             so
             ,
             all
             along
             the
             
             ditch
             ,
             vsing
             a
             line
             ,
             to
             plant
             them
             with
             an
             equall
             distance
             ,
             doing
             the
             like
             in
             ,
             and
             thorow
             all
             the
             ditches
             .
          
           
             When
             your
             Vine
             shall
             bee
             thus
             planted
             ,
             then
             let
             fall
             more
             mould
             within
             the
             ditch
             all
             along
             ,
             yet
             you
             must
             not
             fill
             it
             vp
             the
             first
             yeere
             .
             Also
             bee
             sure
             that
             you
             make
             that
             earth
             that
             is
             betweene
             two
             ditches
             ,
             slaunt
             on
             both
             sides
             .
             And
             husbanding
             the
             said
             Vine
             from
             time
             to
             time
             ,
             the
             earth
             of
             it selfe
             will
             fall
             into
             the
             ditches
             ,
             and
             fill
             them
             .
             The
             Vine
             is
             no
             sooner
             planted
             ,
             but
             it
             must
             bee
             cut
             ,
             not
             leauing
             vpon
             each
             branch
             aboue
             three
             knobs
             or
             knots
             ,
             which
             wee
             call
             eyes
             :
             But
             the
             old
             Vine
             that
             is
             planted
             about
             houses
             ,
             to
             make
             long
             Vines
             ,
             that
             must
             not
             bee
             cut
             as
             yet
             ;
             for
             you
             must
             leaue
             it
             all
             the
             old
             wood
             or
             branches
             ,
             and
             one
             part
             of
             the
             last
             yeeres
             branches
             ;
             both
             must
             bee
             cut
             the
             first
             yeere
             ,
             in
             the
             beginning
             of
             the
             new
             Moone
             :
             The
             second
             yeere
             it
             must
             bee
             cut
             at
             the
             full
             Moone
             ,
             and
             then
             leaue
             it
             but
             one
             branch
             ,
             the
             lowest
             and
             strongest
             ,
             leauing
             vpon
             the
             said
             branch
             ,
             but
             foure
             knobs
             or
             knots
             ,
             or
             thereabouts
             ,
             according
             as
             the
             Vine
             shall
             bee
             waxed
             .
          
           
             Also
             you
             are
             to
             note
             ,
             that
             in
             cutting
             the
             Vine
             ,
             you
             must
             haue
             a
             good
             knife
             ,
             or
             rather
             a
             sharpe
             hooke
             ,
             as
             in
             
               France
               ,
            
             in
             such
             a
             forme
             as
             the
             Shoomakers
             knife
             ,
             wherewith
             you
             must
             cut
             the
             branches
             very
             euen
             ,
             and
             very
             neere
             the
             old
             wood
             ,
             to
             the
             end
             that
             the
             Vine
             growing
             ,
             may
             couer
             the
             cut
             .
          
           
             When
             you
             see
             in
             the
             moneth
             of
             May
             or
             Iune
             ,
             that
             there
             grow
             vpon
             your
             Vine
             many
             sprigs
             arising
             
             from
             tho
             foote
             of
             the
             old
             Wood
             ,
             you
             must
             plucke
             them
             off
             with
             your
             hand
             ,
             and
             let
             none
             grow
             ,
             but
             such
             as
             grow
             vpon
             the
             last
             yeeres
             branches
             ,
             vnles
             the
             Vine
             be
             very
             strong
             ;
             in
             such
             case
             you
             may
             leaue
             her
             some
             of
             such
             twigs
             to
             multiply
             her
             .
          
           
             Those
             that
             will
             haue
             their
             Vines
             grow
             without
             stakes
             or
             props
             ,
             as
             they
             doe
             in
             
               Languedock
            
             and
             
               Prouence
               ,
            
             such
             you
             are
             to
             cut
             so
             short
             euery
             yeere
             ,
             that
             you
             leaue
             them
             but
             two
             or
             three
             knobs
             ,
             to
             the
             end
             the
             Vine
             may
             grow
             big
             and
             be
             strong
             enough
             at
             the
             foote
             .
          
           
             The
             third
             yeere
             ,
             the
             Vine
             begins
             to
             pay
             and
             recompence
             or
             reward
             her
             Master
             for
             his
             labors
             ;
             then
             must
             you
             cut
             her
             a
             little
             longer
             ,
             and
             leaue
             her
             more
             branches
             ,
             (
             
               viz.
            
             )
             two
             or
             three
             in
             euery
             one
             ,
             and
             euer
             the
             lowest
             .
             Obserue
             also
             ,
             that
             if
             the
             Vine
             breed
             much
             Wood
             ,
             then
             you
             must
             cut
             it
             when
             the
             Moone
             wayneth
             ;
             but
             if
             it
             bring
             forth
             little
             Wood
             or
             branches
             ,
             cut
             it
             in
             the
             first
             quarter
             of
             the
             Moone
             ,
             toward
             the
             full
             thereof
             :
             all
             must
             be
             cut
             in
             December
             ,
             Ianuary
             ,
             and
             February
             .
          
        
         
           
             
               2.
               
            
             Another
             manner
             of
             planting
             the
             Vine
             ,
             namely
             ,
             such
             as
             haue
             no
             rootes
             .
          
           
             FIrst
             of
             all
             you
             must
             digge
             and
             prepare
             the
             earth
             (
             as
             we
             haue
             said
             )
             and
             make
             it
             very
             euen
             :
             then
             take
             a
             line
             and
             lay
             it
             along
             the
             earth
             where
             you
             will
             plant
             ,
             looking
             toward
             the
             South
             Sunne
             ,
             as
             we
             haue
             said
             .
             You
             must
             haue
             a
             Pinne
             or
             Dibble
             of
             Iron
             or
             of
             Wood
             ,
             to
             make
             a
             
             hole
             therewith
             in
             the
             earth
             ,
             one
             foot
             and
             a
             quarter
             deepe
             ;
             then
             put
             the
             biggest
             end
             of
             your
             Vine-plant
             within
             the
             hole
             of
             the
             earth
             so
             made
             ;
             and
             if
             you
             haue
             dung
             very
             rotten
             ,
             put
             of
             it
             one
             handfull
             in
             the
             said
             hole
             ;
             then
             treade
             it
             with
             your
             foote
             ,
             and
             with
             the
             Pinne
             or
             Dibble
             bore
             the
             earth
             round
             about
             the
             plant
             to
             fasten
             it
             ,
             that
             the
             earth
             may
             thereby
             ioyne
             close
             ,
             and
             be
             combined
             with
             it
             ;
             then
             cut
             it
             ,
             as
             we
             haue
             said
             ,
             and
             keepe
             it
             very
             neate
             and
             cleane
             from
             weeds
             all
             the
             yeere
             .
          
        
         
           
             
               3.
               
            
             Another
             fashion
             of
             dressing
             the
             Vine
             ,
             after
             the
             manner
             of
             
               Italy
               ,
            
             and
             of
             
               Piedmont
            
             or
             
               Sauoy
               .
            
          
           
             THe
             greatest
             part
             of
             the
             Vines
             of
             those
             Countries
             are
             planted
             in
             the
             open
             fields
             ,
             and
             grow
             vp
             vpon
             trees
             ,
             that
             are
             planted
             there
             to
             that
             end
             ;
             they
             plant
             one
             or
             two
             Vines
             at
             one
             Tree
             ,
             namely
             ,
             of
             the
             longest
             Vines
             they
             can
             get
             ,
             to
             the
             end
             they
             may
             grow
             ,
             and
             bee
             the
             sooner
             vpon
             the
             top
             of
             each
             tree
             ;
             and
             they
             cut
             the
             branches
             of
             the
             Trees
             off
             ,
             that
             bee
             too
             long
             ,
             that
             the
             Trees
             may
             grow
             round
             ,
             as
             much
             as
             may
             be
             .
          
           
             Touching
             the
             Vine
             ,
             it
             must
             be
             cut
             euery
             yeere
             ,
             as
             we
             said
             already
             ,
             yet
             they
             must
             leaue
             this
             many
             more
             branches
             then
             are
             vsually
             left
             vpon
             other
             Vines
             .
             And
             where
             there
             are
             no
             Trees
             planted
             ,
             there
             cut
             off
             some
             long
             and
             big
             boughes
             of
             trees
             ,
             or
             get
             euen
             whole
             Trees
             ,
             of
             the
             bignes
             of
             a
             mans
             thigh
             or
             thereabouts
             ,
             leauing
             onely
             vpon
             them
             
             the
             bigger
             end
             of
             the
             boughes
             ,
             and
             plant
             them
             in
             the
             earth
             ,
             to
             support
             and
             proppe
             vp
             the
             Vine
             .
          
           
             Obserue
             also
             ,
             that
             they
             plant
             the
             said
             Trees
             or
             boughes
             ten
             or
             twelue
             foote
             distance
             one
             from
             another
             or
             thereabouts
             .
             You
             must
             bee
             carefull
             when
             they
             be
             rotten
             ,
             to
             set
             others
             in
             their
             rooms
             .
             Also
             they
             may
             till
             and
             sowe
             that
             Land
             with
             Corne
             ,
             not
             endammaging
             the
             Vine
             ,
             which
             is
             husbanded
             while
             they
             till
             the
             said
             Land.
             
          
           
             And
             for
             as
             much
             as
             in
             
               Virginia
            
             there
             are
             found
             old
             Vines
             in
             the
             lands
             ,
             that
             the
             Inhabitants
             doe
             cleere
             for
             their
             vse
             ,
             they
             might
             spare
             the
             said
             Vines
             ,
             and
             plant
             by
             them
             such
             Trees
             or
             boughes
             ,
             as
             we
             said
             ,
             and
             tye
             the
             Vines
             vpon
             them
             ,
             to
             prop
             them
             vp
             ,
             as
             is
             said
             ;
             for
             they
             would
             bring
             forth
             much
             fruite
             the
             very
             first
             yeere
             ,
             which
             would
             be
             as
             much
             time
             gayned
             ,
             and
             labour
             spared
             .
             Withall
             ,
             they
             might
             also
             plant
             of
             the
             longest
             Vines
             they
             could
             finde
             ,
             neere
             to
             the
             Trees
             ,
             to
             cause
             them
             grow
             vpon
             them
             ,
             both
             neere
             the
             houses
             and
             wayes
             ,
             where
             they
             would
             haue
             Trees
             to
             growe
             ;
             and
             these
             Vines
             will
             beare
             great
             store
             of
             Grapes
             ,
             though
             not
             to
             make
             so
             good
             Wine
             ,
             as
             is
             made
             of
             the
             low
             Vine
             ,
             yet
             good
             enough
             to
             bee
             drunke
             at
             meate
             .
          
           
             I
             haue
             seene
             in
             the
             Low
             
               Geuanden
            
             in
             
               Languedock
               ,
            
             a
             Tree
             bearing
             a
             Vine
             ,
             which
             hath
             yeelded
             in
             one
             yeere
             as
             many
             Grapes
             ,
             as
             made
             halfe
             a
             Tunne
             of
             Wine
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             
               4.
               
            
             Another
             forme
             of
             dressing
             the
             Vine
             ,
             as
             they
             doe
             in
             
               Viuaretz
            
             and
             in
             
               Auuergne
               .
            
          
           
             THey
             plant
             it
             as
             we
             haue
             said
             ,
             and
             they
             cut
             it
             a
             little
             longer
             then
             they
             doe
             in
             
               Languedock
            
             ;
             after
             that
             ,
             they
             plant
             stakes
             of
             wood
             ,
             of
             fiue
             or
             sixe
             foote
             long
             ,
             and
             binde
             three
             or
             foure
             of
             them
             together
             by
             their
             vpper
             ends
             ,
             in
             forme
             of
             a
             round
             Tent
             ;
             this
             they
             doe
             thus
             ,
             because
             the
             Vine
             there
             is
             stronger
             then
             in
             other
             places
             of
             
               France
               ,
            
             and
             they
             tye
             the
             Vine
             vpon
             them
             .
             But
             in
             winter
             ,
             when
             they
             will
             cut
             the
             Vine
             ,
             and
             husband
             it
             ,
             they
             take
             away
             the
             stakes
             :
             and
             towards
             the
             end
             of
             March
             ,
             they
             set
             them
             vp
             againe
             ,
             as
             they
             doe
             in
             
               France
               ,
            
             where
             they
             sticke
             but
             one
             stake
             vpright
             at
             one
             Vine
             ,
             whereto
             they
             binde
             it
             .
          
        
         
           
             
               5.
               
            
             Another
             way
             to
             dresse
             the
             Vine
             ,
             after
             the
             manner
             of
             the
             Countrey
             of
             
               Seuenes
               .
            
          
           
             THere
             they
             plant
             the
             Vine
             as
             followeth
             .
             First
             ,
             hauing
             prepared
             the
             soyle
             ,
             they
             make
             ditches
             ,
             as
             we
             haue
             told
             you
             before
             ;
             then
             plant
             they
             the
             Vine
             two
             foote
             ,
             one
             from
             the
             other
             :
             and
             the
             first
             yeere
             they
             cut
             it
             very
             short
             ,
             leauing
             but
             three
             knobs
             or
             knots
             out
             of
             the
             earth
             .
             The
             second
             yeere
             they
             cut
             it
             at
             the
             first
             quarter
             of
             the
             Moone
             ,
             and
             leaue
             to
             euery
             one
             but
             one
             branch
             ,
             as
             long
             as
             they
             can
             leaue
             it
             ,
             and
             set
             a
             stake
             at
             euery
             one
             of
             the
             Vines
             .
             Two
             yeeres
             after
             ,
             they
             prouide
             them
             certaine
             woodden
             forkes
             ,
             of
             
             the
             bignes
             of
             a
             mans
             legge
             ,
             and
             woodden
             poles
             as
             big
             as
             his
             arme
             ,
             also
             smaller
             poles
             :
             then
             they
             sticke
             the
             forkes
             in
             the
             earth
             ,
             from
             sixe
             to
             sixe
             foote
             distance
             ,
             all
             along
             the
             ditch
             where
             the
             Vine
             is
             planted
             ,
             and
             as
             much
             in
             height
             ,
             or
             lesse
             if
             they
             thinke
             it
             fit
             ,
             and
             so
             they
             doe
             alike
             in
             each
             ditch
             :
             then
             they
             lay
             the
             bigger
             poles
             from
             one
             forke
             to
             another
             ,
             tying
             them
             together
             with
             Osier
             or
             Willow
             ;
             and
             then
             they
             tye
             the
             lesser
             poles
             ,
             being
             sixe
             or
             seuen
             foote
             length
             ,
             athwart
             ouer
             the
             bigger
             poles
             ,
             binding
             them
             together
             with
             Osier
             ,
             in
             distance
             one
             from
             another
             of
             one
             foote
             and
             a
             halfe
             ,
             much
             in
             the
             forme
             of
             the
             nets
             that
             men
             lay
             to
             take
             Deere
             to
             transport
             from
             one
             Parke
             into
             another
             .
          
           
             They
             cut
             the
             Vine
             the
             second
             yeere
             ,
             as
             long
             as
             they
             can
             leaue
             it
             ,
             and
             they
             leaue
             it
             but
             one
             branch
             ,
             to
             wit
             ,
             the
             strongest
             ,
             to
             the
             end
             the
             Vine
             may
             mount
             vp
             the
             sooner
             vpon
             the
             said
             frame
             of
             Poles
             ,
             which
             we
             now
             described
             ,
             and
             they
             binde
             it
             thereupon
             .
             Now
             when
             the
             Vine
             is
             vpon
             it
             ,
             which
             is
             the
             yeere
             following
             ,
             then
             must
             you
             leaue
             more
             branches
             to
             the
             said
             Vine
             ,
             when
             you
             cut
             it
             ,
             according
             as
             you
             shall
             see
             that
             her
             stocke
             is
             strong
             and
             able
             enough
             to
             feede
             her
             .
             And
             you
             must
             leaue
             in
             euery
             branch
             ,
             fiue
             or
             sixe
             knots
             or
             eyes
             ,
             and
             euery
             yeere
             binde
             vp
             the
             ends
             of
             all
             the
             new
             branches
             which
             are
             left
             vncut
             ;
             vpon
             the
             pole
             ,
             frame
             with
             Osier
             ,
             or
             with
             greene
             Rushes
             ,
             or
             what
             you
             can
             get
             .
             They
             plant
             such
             Vines
             vpon
             the
             arable
             Lands
             about
             houses
             ,
             and
             vpon
             or
             ouer
             the
             high
             wayes
             ,
             terming
             them
             Treillies
             or
             platted
             
             high
             Vines
             ,
             which
             they
             plant
             as
             followeth
             .
             First
             ,
             they
             digge
             a
             ditch
             in
             the
             place
             ,
             where
             they
             meane
             to
             set
             the
             Vine
             ,
             in
             that
             sort
             we
             described
             afore
             :
             And
             they
             plant
             the
             Vine
             within
             the
             ditch
             ,
             as
             also
             wee
             haue
             shewed
             :
             then
             prouide
             they
             woodden
             forkes
             ,
             and
             bigger
             and
             smaller
             poles
             ,
             as
             is
             afore
             set
             downe
             .
          
           
             Such
             forkes
             as
             are
             set
             in
             the
             ditch
             ,
             must
             be
             but
             two
             or
             three
             foote
             high
             :
             plant
             a
             row
             of
             them
             ,
             sixe
             or
             seuen
             foote
             from
             the
             said
             ditch
             or
             thereabouts
             ,
             right
             against
             the
             South
             ,
             and
             lay
             on
             them
             great
             and
             small
             poles
             ,
             and
             tye
             them
             as
             aforesaid
             .
          
           
             Such
             Vines
             as
             are
             planted
             ouer
             the
             high
             waies
             too
             ,
             and
             neere
             houses
             ,
             there
             the
             forkes
             must
             bee
             longer
             ,
             to
             wit
             ,
             seuen
             or
             eyght
             foote
             high
             ,
             and
             the
             poles
             so
             much
             the
             stronger
             ,
             to
             bee
             able
             to
             beare
             the
             burden
             of
             the
             Vines
             ,
             and
             hauing
             a
             respect
             to
             the
             breadth
             of
             the
             said
             wayes
             .
             Carts
             and
             horsemen
             passe
             vnder
             them
             in
             those
             countries
             ,
             without
             hurt
             to
             the
             Vines
             ,
             or
             molestation
             to
             the
             passengers
             .
             Such
             Vines
             ,
             are
             to
             be
             planted
             ,
             at
             both
             the
             sides
             of
             such
             waies
             ,
             and
             tyed
             vp
             and
             dressed
             as
             is
             said
             .
          
        
         
           
             
               6.
               
            
             How
             to
             husband
             the
             Vine
             ,
             and
             in
             what
             season
             of
             the
             yeere
             .
          
           
             THe
             Vine
             must
             be
             husbanded
             three
             times
             a
             yeere
             ,
             to
             wit
             ,
             in
             March
             for
             the
             first
             time
             ,
             the
             second
             time
             in
             May
             ,
             the
             third
             in
             August
             .
             In
             March
             you
             are
             to
             digge
             it
             deepe
             enough
             ,
             
               (
               viz.
               )
            
             three
             quarters
             of
             a
             foote
             depth
             or
             thereabouts
             ;
             
             and
             at
             the
             other
             times
             halfe
             a
             foote
             deep
             or
             thereupon
             :
             And
             in
             plowing
             it
             ,
             you
             must
             haue
             care
             to
             plucke
             off
             the
             ends
             that
             grow
             vpon
             the
             old
             wood
             of
             the
             said
             Vines
             ,
             for
             they
             spoyle
             the
             Vine
             .
          
        
         
           
             
               7.
               
            
             How
             you
             are
             to
             chuse
             the
             Vine-plants
             ,
             for
             to
             plant
             of
             the
             best
             .
          
           
             WHen
             the
             Grapes
             be
             ripe
             ,
             then
             consider
             what
             plants
             be
             best
             ,
             and
             which
             beare
             most
             branches
             .
             Then
             marke
             the
             same
             plants
             so
             ,
             as
             you
             may
             know
             them
             againe
             in
             Winter
             ,
             to
             transplant
             of
             them
             elsewhere
             .
             And
             also
             if
             there
             bee
             any
             Vines
             that
             thriue
             not
             well
             ,
             plucke
             them
             vp
             ,
             and
             set
             in
             their
             roome
             some
             of
             those
             fruitfull
             ones
             :
             and
             if
             there
             bee
             any
             Vine
             which
             hath
             a
             branch
             long
             enough
             ,
             cut
             it
             not
             from
             the
             Vine
             ,
             but
             lay
             it
             in
             the
             earth
             a
             foote
             and
             a
             halfe
             deepe
             ,
             or
             thereabouts
             ,
             leauing
             out
             of
             the
             earth
             the
             small
             end
             thereof
             ,
             with
             three
             or
             foure
             knots
             vpon
             it
             ,
             and
             cut
             off
             the
             rest
             .
             It
             will
             bring
             forth
             fruite
             the
             same
             yeere
             .
             But
             you
             must
             lay
             in
             the
             earth
             so
             but
             one
             branch
             of
             a
             Vine
             in
             one
             yeere
             ,
             for
             feare
             you
             spoyle
             the
             Vine
             by
             too
             much
             sucking
             it
             .
             You
             are
             to
             cut
             the
             same
             branch
             frō
             the
             old
             Vine
             ,
             the
             next
             yeere
             after
             that
             ,
             to
             the
             end
             it
             draw
             not
             the
             sappe
             and
             iuyce
             away
             too
             much
             from
             the
             old
             one
             ;
             and
             by
             that
             time
             the
             said
             branch
             will
             haue
             taken
             roote
             enough
             ,
             able
             to
             feede
             it selfe
             .
             And
             thus
             you
             may
             store
             and
             furnish
             your
             Vineyard
             in
             a
             small
             time
             with
             very
             good
             plants
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             
               8.
               
            
             How
             to
             make
             Wine
             ,
             and
             how
             to
             know
             when
             the
             Grapes
             are
             fully
             ripe
             .
          
           
             WHen
             you
             shall
             see
             the
             Grapes
             very
             blacke
             ,
             and
             that
             there
             are
             no
             grayish
             graines
             among
             them
             ,
             and
             that
             the
             stalke
             of
             the
             branch
             is
             become
             reddish
             ,
             and
             the
             white
             Grapes
             draw
             to
             be
             of
             a
             yellowish
             colour
             ,
             and
             the
             graynes
             tender
             ;
             these
             be
             tokens
             that
             they
             are
             ripe
             ,
             which
             thing
             you
             shall
             yet
             better
             perceiue
             in
             tasting
             them
             ;
             If
             they
             be
             sweete
             in
             taste
             ,
             and
             the
             liquor
             be
             gluish
             betweene
             your
             fingers
             ,
             then
             is
             it
             time
             to
             gather
             them
             .
             Yet
             in
             euery
             place
             they
             cannot
             ripen
             alike
             ,
             so
             wel
             as
             in
             some
             ,
             though
             it
             be
             vnder
             the
             same
             Climate
             .
          
           
             In
             low
             places
             ,
             and
             moist
             wet
             grounds
             ,
             they
             are
             neuer
             so
             good
             ,
             nor
             so
             soone
             ripe
             ,
             as
             they
             are
             in
             the
             dry
             grounds
             ,
             and
             the
             hilly
             or
             sides
             of
             hills
             ,
             and
             as
             in
             the
             stony
             and
             grauelly
             grounds
             ;
             and
             that
             is
             the
             cause
             ,
             why
             they
             are
             not
             to
             be
             gathered
             so
             soone
             in
             moist
             grounds
             .
          
           
             Note
             also
             ,
             when
             you
             gather
             your
             Grapes
             ,
             that
             you
             may
             haue
             the
             Wine
             to
             be
             good
             and
             fit
             to
             keepe
             long
             ;
             doe
             it
             in
             dry
             weather
             ,
             not
             in
             rayny
             ,
             for
             that
             spoyles
             the
             Wine
             ,
             and
             takes
             away
             his
             strength
             ,
             and
             hurteth
             the
             Vine
             .
          
           
             When
             you
             gather
             your
             Grapes
             ,
             chuse
             the
             ripest
             ,
             and
             carry
             them
             home
             ;
             but
             afore-hand
             prouide
             a
             Vat
             ,
             or
             such
             a
             Tub
             as
             Brewers
             vse
             in
             Brewing
             .
             And
             such
             as
             haue
             no
             great
             store
             of
             Grapes
             ,
             〈…〉
             vse
             lesser
             vessels
             ,
             as
             barrels
             or
             halfe
             Hogs-heads
             ,
             
             to
             let
             the
             Wine
             purge
             it selfe
             in
             .
             The
             Grapes
             must
             be
             trodden
             in
             the
             vessell
             ,
             with
             bare
             legs
             and
             feet
             ;
             first
             of
             all
             in
             a
             lesser
             vessell
             or
             tub
             ,
             and
             then
             after
             that
             ,
             remoue
             the
             trodden
             Grapes
             ,
             into
             a
             bigger
             Vat
             ,
             by
             degrees
             as
             they
             are
             trodden
             ,
             huske
             and
             all
             together
             :
             And
             you
             may
             fill
             the
             Vat
             or
             Tub
             ,
             within
             halfe
             a
             foot
             of
             the
             brim
             therof
             .
             Such
             vessels
             must
             stand
             vpon
             the
             one
             end
             ,
             vpon
             their
             bottome
             ,
             but
             all
             open
             vpward
             :
             they
             must
             be
             well
             bound
             ;
             for
             otherwise
             the
             force
             of
             the
             new
             Wine
             will
             breake
             them
             all
             in
             pieces
             .
          
           
             Whosoeuer
             will
             haue
             his
             Wine
             all
             Claret
             ,
             let
             him
             gather
             all
             his
             Grapes
             all
             at
             once
             ,
             the
             white
             and
             the
             blacke
             ,
             and
             put
             them
             all
             together
             in
             the
             vessell
             ,
             and
             let
             them
             worke
             together
             .
          
           
             Before
             you
             put
             them
             into
             the
             Vat
             or
             Tub
             ,
             make
             a
             little
             bundle
             of
             short
             Vine-branches
             ;
             then
             make
             a
             hole
             in
             the
             low
             end
             of
             the
             Vat
             or
             Tub
             in
             the
             forepart
             ,
             to
             draw
             the
             Wine
             out
             ,
             when
             it
             is
             purged
             :
             put
             the
             said
             bundle
             of
             Vine-branches
             within
             the
             said
             vessell
             ,
             iust
             before
             the
             tap-hole
             ,
             and
             lay
             a
             cleane
             stone
             or
             Bricke
             vpon
             it
             ,
             to
             keepe
             it
             from
             heauing
             vp
             with
             the
             Wine
             ;
             this
             will
             hinder
             ,
             when
             you
             draw
             the
             Wine
             ,
             that
             the
             skins
             or
             huskes
             of
             the
             Grapes
             come
             not
             out
             at
             the
             tap-hole
             with
             it
             .
             You
             must
             let
             the
             Wine
             worke
             ,
             and
             purge
             it selfe
             ,
             fiue
             or
             sixe
             dayes
             ,
             or
             more
             ,
             if
             you
             will
             haue
             it
             looke
             very
             red
             .
             After
             that
             ,
             draw
             it
             below
             ,
             and
             put
             it
             in
             Barrels
             or
             Hogsheads
             .
             By
             this
             time
             ,
             you
             hauing
             gathered
             your
             greener
             Grapes
             ,
             after
             you
             haue
             trodden
             the
             same
             ,
             as
             we
             haue
             said
             ,
             put
             them
             into
             the
             Vat
             or
             
             Tub
             ,
             with
             the
             huskes
             or
             skinnes
             of
             the
             former
             pressed
             Grapes
             ,
             out
             of
             which
             you
             haue
             drawne
             the
             Wine
             ,
             and
             mingle
             them
             well
             together
             ,
             either
             with
             the
             foot
             or
             with
             a
             staffe
             ,
             and
             let
             the
             Wine
             worke
             together
             as
             before
             ,
             and
             it
             will
             bee
             a
             meane
             small
             Wine
             for
             the
             houshold
             :
             After
             ,
             when
             it
             hath
             purged
             it selfe
             seuen
             or
             eight
             dayes
             ,
             draw
             it
             out
             and
             barrell
             it
             .
             Beware
             you
             stop
             not
             the
             large
             vpper
             hole
             of
             the
             vessell
             ,
             vntill
             the
             Wine
             hath
             lost
             and
             spent
             all
             his
             great
             heate
             .
          
           
             There
             are
             some
             ,
             who
             after
             this
             ,
             presse
             the
             huskes
             in
             the
             presse
             ,
             drawing
             out
             all
             that
             can
             come
             thereout
             ,
             putting
             that
             liquor
             into
             a
             Barrell
             by
             it selfe
             .
             Others
             goe
             further
             ,
             and
             put
             water
             to
             the
             huskes
             and
             latter
             Wine
             ,
             at
             diuers
             times
             ,
             not
             all
             at
             once
             ,
             but
             by
             little
             and
             little
             ,
             putting
             one
             Tenth
             part
             of
             water
             ,
             in
             proportion
             of
             the
             quantity
             of
             the
             Wine
             ,
             which
             they
             haue
             so
             drawne
             ,
             and
             they
             let
             it
             worke
             and
             purge
             it selfe
             in
             the
             Vat
             ,
             or
             lesser
             vessell
             ,
             fiue
             or
             sixe
             dayes
             ,
             and
             then
             draw
             it
             and
             barrell
             it
             :
             This
             will
             be
             prettie
             smal
             Wine
             for
             the
             seruants
             or
             houshold
             .
             And
             whosoeuer
             will
             make
             Wine
             meerely
             white
             ,
             let
             him
             gather
             all
             his
             white
             Grapes
             by
             themselues
             ,
             and
             let
             the
             Wine
             worke
             and
             purge
             it selfe
             in
             the
             Vat
             but
             two
             or
             three
             dayes
             ;
             for
             if
             you
             let
             it
             stand
             longer
             ,
             the
             colour
             will
             be
             yellow
             ;
             this
             is
             the
             manner
             practised
             in
             
               Languedoc
               ,
               Prouence
               ,
            
             and
             elsewhere
             :
             but
             in
             
               Poictou
            
             and
             in
             some
             other
             parts
             of
             
               France
               ,
            
             they
             doe
             otherwise
             ,
             that
             it
             may
             be
             the
             whiter
             .
          
           
             After
             it
             hath
             been
             trodden
             ,
             draw
             out
             the
             Wine
             ,
             and
             put
             it
             in
             Barrels
             ,
             and
             there
             let
             it
             purge
             ,
             without
             his
             huskes
             or
             skinnes
             .
             You
             must
             be
             carefull
             to
             fill
             
             vp
             the
             Barrels
             euery
             day
             ,
             according
             as
             it
             diminisheth
             with
             working
             ,
             otherwise
             the
             Lees
             and
             other
             corruptions
             will
             goe
             downe
             into
             the
             Barrels
             ,
             and
             when
             hot
             weather
             commeth
             ,
             will
             spoile
             the
             Wine
             .
             You
             may
             do
             so
             with
             the
             Claret
             ,
             when
             you
             will
             not
             haue
             it
             too
             red
             ,
             but
             cleere
             ,
             and
             namely
             in
             hot
             countries
             .
          
        
         
           
             
               9.
               
            
             Obseruations
             touching
             the
             wild
             Vine
             ,
             that
             groweth
             in
             
               Virginia
               ,
            
             and
             how
             to
             make
             Wine
             of
             the
             same
             .
          
           
             I
             Haue
             been
             informed
             by
             such
             as
             haue
             bin
             in
             
               Virginia
               ,
            
             that
             there
             grow
             infinite
             number
             of
             wilde
             Vines
             there
             ,
             and
             of
             seuerall
             sorts
             ;
             some
             climbe
             vp
             to
             the
             top
             of
             trees
             in
             the
             woods
             ,
             and
             they
             bring
             forth
             great
             quantities
             of
             small
             blacke
             Grapes
             ,
             which
             are
             the
             plainer
             to
             be
             seene
             ,
             when
             the
             leaues
             are
             falne
             off
             from
             the
             trees
             .
             Another
             sort
             of
             Grapes
             there
             is
             ,
             that
             runne
             vpon
             the
             ground
             ,
             almost
             as
             big
             as
             a
             Damson
             ,
             very
             sweet
             ,
             and
             maketh
             deepe
             red
             Wine
             ,
             which
             they
             call
             a
             Fox-Grape
             .
             A
             third
             sort
             there
             is
             ,
             which
             is
             a
             white
             Grape
             ,
             but
             that
             is
             but
             rare
             ,
             which
             are
             all
             deuoured
             by
             the
             birds
             and
             beasts
             .
          
           
             Now
             if
             such
             men
             as
             dwell
             there
             ,
             would
             take
             the
             paines
             to
             gather
             some
             of
             them
             ,
             when
             they
             be
             ripe
             ,
             and
             tread
             them
             as
             aforesaid
             ,
             and
             make
             the
             Wine
             worke
             with
             water
             ,
             putting
             it
             in
             Vats
             or
             Tubs
             ,
             as
             we
             said
             ,
             it
             would
             purge
             it selfe
             as
             well
             as
             good
             Wine
             doth
             ;
             and
             if
             the
             Grapes
             bee
             too
             hard
             ,
             they
             may
             boyle
             them
             with
             some
             water
             ;
             
             and
             if
             the
             Cauldron
             be
             too
             little
             to
             boyle
             them
             all
             together
             ,
             boyle
             them
             one
             after
             another
             ,
             till
             all
             be
             boyled
             ,
             and
             then
             put
             them
             all
             into
             the
             Vat
             or
             Tub
             ,
             to
             wit
             ,
             the
             Wine
             ,
             the
             water
             ,
             and
             the
             huskes
             of
             the
             Grapes
             ,
             and
             then
             let
             them
             worke
             thus
             together
             fiue
             or
             sixe
             dayes
             ,
             or
             else
             so
             long
             till
             you
             thinke
             it
             fit
             and
             good
             to
             bee
             drunke
             .
             After
             that
             ,
             you
             may
             draw
             it
             ,
             and
             barrell
             it
             ,
             as
             wee
             haue
             said
             ,
             and
             vse
             it
             when
             you
             need
             .
             I
             haue
             oftentimes
             seen
             such
             Wine
             made
             reasonable
             good
             for
             the
             household
             .
             And
             by
             this
             meanes
             euery
             man
             may
             presently
             haue
             Wine
             in
             
               Virginia
            
             to
             drinke
             .
          
        
         
           
             
               1.
               
            
             How
             to
             plant
             the
             Figge
             tree
             ,
             and
             the
             nature
             of
             the
             same
             .
          
           
             THe
             Figge
             tree
             is
             a
             tree
             that
             groweth
             speedily
             ,
             and
             the
             second
             yeere
             beginneth
             to
             beare
             fruit
             ,
             and
             is
             of
             that
             nature
             ,
             that
             during
             a
             moneth
             or
             fiue
             weekes
             ,
             in
             that
             season
             when
             Grapes
             are
             ripe
             and
             good
             to
             eate
             ,
             you
             may
             gather
             ripe
             Figs
             of
             it
             euery
             day
             .
             The
             Fig
             tree
             heerein
             is
             like
             the
             Vine
             ,
             that
             it
             may
             be
             planted
             without
             rootes
             ,
             of
             a
             branch
             ,
             albeit
             such
             as
             haue
             roots
             ,
             bring
             forth
             sooner
             :
             And
             being
             either
             plucked
             vp
             ,
             or
             cut
             off
             a
             long
             time
             before
             ,
             you
             must
             put
             them
             in
             water
             (
             as
             we
             haue
             said
             of
             the
             Vine
             )
             and
             plant
             them
             in
             the
             like
             manner
             .
             And
             in
             hot
             Countries
             ,
             they
             plant
             them
             ordinarily
             in
             the
             open
             Vineyards
             ,
             for
             it
             loues
             naturally
             to
             grow
             with
             the
             Vine
             ,
             as
             hauing
             
             affinity
             together
             ;
             for
             their
             fruit
             grow
             ,
             and
             are
             ripe
             at
             one
             time
             .
             When
             you
             plant
             the
             Figge
             tree
             without
             root
             ,
             you
             must
             lay
             the
             branch
             within
             the
             earth
             ,
             as
             we
             haue
             said
             of
             the
             Vine
             .
          
        
         
           
             
               2.
               
            
             How
             to
             plant
             Peach
             trees
             ,
             and
             the
             nature
             of
             them
             .
          
           
             THe
             Peach
             trees
             of
             euery
             kinde
             ,
             are
             trees
             of
             no
             long
             continuance
             ,
             and
             ordinarily
             are
             planted
             in
             the
             open
             Vineyards
             ,
             as
             the
             Figge
             trees
             ,
             without
             hurt
             to
             them
             ;
             and
             their
             fruit
             ripens
             in
             one
             season
             .
          
           
             Many
             being
             in
             their
             Vineyards
             ,
             when
             they
             gather
             and
             eate
             a
             Peach
             that
             pleases
             them
             well
             in
             their
             taste
             ,
             doe
             forthwith
             plant
             the
             stone
             thereof
             in
             the
             earth
             ,
             in
             that
             place
             where
             they
             will
             haue
             a
             Peach
             tree
             grow
             the
             next
             yeere
             ,
             and
             there
             the
             same
             groweth
             without
             any
             further
             labour
             .
             The
             like
             may
             be
             done
             of
             all
             sorts
             of
             Peaches
             ,
             yea
             euen
             with
             Apricots
             :
             and
             those
             that
             will
             not
             plant
             them
             in
             their
             Vineyard
             ,
             may
             plant
             them
             first
             in
             their
             Garden
             ,
             and
             transplant
             them
             afterwards
             where
             they
             please
             ,
             and
             they
             will
             bring
             forth
             the
             like
             fruit
             ,
             as
             the
             tree
             of
             which
             the
             stone
             was
             .
          
           
             There
             are
             places
             in
             
               France
               ,
            
             as
             at
             
               Paris
               ,
            
             where
             they
             graft
             them
             vpon
             Plum-trees
             ,
             or
             Almond-trees
             ,
             which
             are
             more
             lasting
             ,
             though
             not
             fit
             to
             be
             planted
             in
             Vineyards
             ,
             because
             the
             Plum-tree
             breeds
             too
             many
             roots
             and
             suckers
             ,
             which
             spoyle
             the
             Vine
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             
               3.
               
            
             How
             to
             plant
             Quince-trees
             .
          
           
             AS
             for
             Quince-trees
             ,
             they
             may
             be
             planted
             of
             a
             bough
             thereof
             ,
             without
             roote
             ,
             as
             Figge
             trees
             :
             though
             it
             is
             better
             to
             plant
             them
             with
             rootes
             ,
             when
             such
             may
             be
             had
             .
             They
             like
             well
             to
             be
             planted
             in
             moyst
             ground
             ,
             yet
             they
             will
             grow
             euery
             where
             .
             Also
             you
             may
             graft
             them
             ,
             one
             vpon
             the
             other
             ,
             thereby
             to
             get
             the
             better
             fruite
             .
             Likewise
             you
             may
             sowe
             his
             seede
             ,
             to
             wit
             ,
             when
             his
             fruite
             is
             ripe
             ,
             then
             are
             you
             to
             take
             out
             the
             kernels
             ,
             and
             sow
             them
             ,
             as
             you
             sowe
             the
             seeds
             ,
             and
             kernels
             of
             Apples
             and
             Peares
             ,
             which
             commonly
             is
             done
             in
             February
             and
             March.
             
          
        
         
           
             
               4.
               
            
             Of
             the
             Oliue
             tree
             ,
             and
             the
             nature
             thereof
             .
          
           
             THe
             Oliue
             tree
             also
             is
             a
             great
             louer
             of
             the
             Vine
             ,
             commonly
             they
             plant
             it
             in
             March
             ,
             Aprill
             and
             May
             ,
             ordinarily
             they
             plant
             no
             Nurceries
             of
             them
             ,
             because
             they
             are
             a
             long
             time
             in
             growing
             .
          
           
             There
             growes
             at
             the
             roote
             of
             the
             olde
             trees
             ,
             sprigs
             ,
             or
             suckers
             ,
             which
             being
             growne
             bigge
             ,
             they
             vse
             to
             cut
             them
             off
             ,
             together
             with
             as
             great
             a
             piece
             of
             the
             stocke
             of
             the
             olde
             tree
             ,
             as
             is
             a
             mans
             two
             fists
             or
             thereabouts
             ,
             and
             this
             is
             without
             hurting
             the
             tree
             ,
             and
             so
             they
             plant
             the
             said
             sprigges
             or
             suckers
             with
             their
             adiunct
             aforesaid
             ,
             putting
             that
             great
             piece
             in
             the
             earth
             ,
             which
             serues
             it
             in
             
             stead
             of
             a
             roote
             ,
             then
             must
             we
             cut
             off
             his
             head
             or
             toppe
             vpward
             ,
             as
             commonly
             wee
             doe
             to
             other
             trees
             .
          
           
             Also
             you
             may
             sowe
             some
             of
             his
             fruite
             ,
             together
             with
             the
             stone
             thereof
             ,
             being
             very
             ripe
             ,
             as
             about
             Christ-tide
             ,
             when
             they
             are
             blackish
             ,
             and
             this
             without
             drying
             them
             .
             You
             must
             husband
             it
             at
             the
             roote
             ,
             as
             the
             Vine
             ,
             twice
             in
             a
             yeere
             ,
             and
             fatten
             the
             earth
             with
             good
             dung
             ,
             if
             need
             require
             .
             In
             many
             places
             they
             sowe
             corne
             or
             other
             things
             vnder
             the
             Oliue
             trees
             ,
             without
             hurt
             to
             them
             .
          
        
         
           
             
               5.
               
            
             Of
             the
             Pomegranate
             tree
             ,
             and
             of
             his
             nature
             .
          
           
             THe
             Pomegranate
             tree
             is
             euer
             little
             ,
             of
             the
             bignesse
             and
             forme
             of
             a
             white
             Thorne
             :
             In
             hot
             countries
             they
             growe
             neere
             the
             High-wayes
             ,
             and
             in
             Woods
             ,
             especially
             in
             stony
             ground
             .
             They
             make
             few
             Nurceries
             of
             them
             ,
             because
             they
             cast
             many
             sprigs
             at
             the
             foote
             ,
             whereof
             so
             many
             may
             bee
             pluckt
             off
             and
             planted
             where
             they
             will
             ,
             and
             as
             many
             as
             they
             please
             .
          
           
             Note
             ,
             that
             there
             are
             some
             sweet
             ,
             and
             some
             bitter
             ;
             the
             bitter
             are
             not
             eaten
             ,
             but
             are
             good
             for
             other
             vses
             ,
             as
             namely
             ,
             for
             Curriers
             to
             giue
             a
             good
             glosse
             to
             their
             Spanish
             Leather
             Skinnes
             .
             Being
             once
             sowne
             or
             planted
             in
             any
             place
             ,
             there
             they
             grow
             of
             themselues
             ,
             and
             hee
             that
             will
             sowe
             of
             them
             ,
             when
             he
             eates
             of
             the
             best
             of
             them
             ,
             he
             may
             put
             the
             seede
             ,
             or
             kernell
             of
             them
             presently
             in
             the
             earth
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             
               6.
               
            
             The
             manner
             of
             sowing
             the
             seedes
             or
             kernels
             of
             sundry
             kindes
             of
             fruites
             ,
             for
             to
             haue
             trees
             of
             them
             :
             and
             how
             to
             preserue
             the
             seedes
             ,
             vntill
             the
             time
             be
             fit
             to
             sowe
             them
             .
          
           
             FOr
             the
             seede
             of
             the
             Vine
             ,
             it
             may
             bee
             well
             sowne
             ,
             and
             it
             will
             grow
             as
             other
             seeds
             doe
             :
             but
             because
             it
             is
             a
             long
             time
             a
             growing
             ,
             they
             vse
             to
             sowe
             very
             little
             of
             it
             .
             Yet
             whosoeuer
             would
             be
             curious
             to
             trie
             conclusions
             ,
             may
             sow
             of
             it
             ,
             as
             they
             sowe
             other
             seeds
             .
             For
             to
             draw
             out
             and
             get
             the
             seedes
             of
             them
             ,
             the
             Grapes
             being
             very
             ripe
             ,
             you
             must
             gather
             ▪
             them
             and
             wring
             them
             betweene
             your
             hands
             ,
             and
             so
             take
             out
             the
             seeds
             or
             kernels
             ,
             and
             then
             sowe
             the
             same
             presently
             ,
             or
             else
             dry
             them
             in
             the
             shaddow
             ,
             not
             in
             the
             Sunne
             ,
             and
             keepe
             them
             till
             February
             or
             March
             next
             comming
             ,
             and
             then
             soke
             them
             in
             fresh
             water
             two
             or
             three
             dayes
             before
             you
             sowe
             them
             .
          
           
             7.
             
             For
             the
             seed
             of
             the
             Fig
             tree
             ,
             draw
             it
             also
             out
             of
             his
             Figs
             ,
             being
             fresh
             ,
             and
             sowe
             it
             ,
             as
             that
             of
             the
             Mulbery
             tree
             ,
             whereof
             wee
             haue
             treated
             already
             .
          
           
             8.
             
             The
             stones
             of
             Peaches
             and
             Apricots
             ,
             are
             the
             seed
             of
             those
             trees
             ,
             which
             thriue
             best
             ,
             when
             they
             are
             planted
             assoone
             as
             they
             are
             out
             of
             their
             fruit
             ,
             without
             drying
             them
             .
             And
             those
             that
             will
             keepe
             them
             till
             March
             next
             ,
             must
             dry
             them
             in
             the
             shaddow
             ,
             not
             in
             the
             Sun.
             And
             before
             you
             plant
             them
             ,
             put
             them
             foure
             or
             fiue
             dayes
             in
             water
             or
             wine
             ,
             then
             put
             them
             foure
             inches
             deepe
             in
             the
             earth
             .
             Otherwise
             ,
             without
             
             drying
             them
             ,
             you
             may
             keepe
             them
             in
             an
             earthen
             pot
             ,
             with
             earth
             in
             it
             .
          
           
             9.
             
             The
             Cherry
             stone
             is
             to
             be
             mannaged
             as
             the
             Peach
             and
             Apricot
             ,
             as
             wee
             sayd
             before
             .
             The
             fruit
             that
             comes
             of
             them
             ,
             will
             prooue
             as
             the
             Cherries
             were
             ,
             howbeit
             ,
             not
             altogether
             so
             big
             as
             the
             former
             were
             .
          
           
             10.
             
             Wall-nuts
             must
             also
             be
             planted
             greene
             ,
             and
             fresh
             ,
             and
             with
             all
             the
             vpper
             Rinde
             ,
             and
             take
             heed
             Rats
             and
             Mice
             come
             not
             at
             them
             to
             eate
             them
             ,
             for
             they
             are
             very
             liquorish
             of
             them
             .
          
           
             Also
             ,
             you
             may
             keepe
             them
             dry
             ,
             as
             we
             said
             heeretofore
             of
             other
             things
             ,
             but
             they
             profit
             not
             so
             well
             .
             The
             Tree
             that
             shall
             come
             thereof
             ,
             being
             of
             the
             said
             nature
             ,
             will
             produce
             the
             like
             fruit
             .
          
           
             11.
             
             The
             Almond
             is
             to
             be
             husbanded
             and
             planted
             as
             the
             Peach
             and
             Apricot
             .
          
           
             12.
             
             The
             stones
             of
             Plums
             are
             to
             bee
             vsed
             and
             planted
             as
             the
             Almond
             ;
             but
             the
             Tree
             that
             shal
             come
             of
             them
             ,
             will
             not
             bee
             so
             good
             ,
             and
             that
             is
             the
             reason
             why
             they
             must
             be
             grafted
             .
          
           
             13.
             
             The
             Chest-nut
             is
             to
             be
             planted
             greene
             and
             fresh
             ,
             else
             it
             will
             neuer
             prosper
             ,
             if
             you
             let
             it
             be
             dried
             .
             You
             must
             put
             them
             in
             the
             earth
             ,
             three
             or
             foure
             inches
             deepe
             ;
             And
             to
             keepe
             them
             ,
             you
             must
             put
             them
             in
             fresh
             water
             three
             or
             foure
             dayes
             ,
             then
             wipe
             off
             the
             water
             from
             them
             ,
             and
             keepe
             them
             in
             a
             pot
             with
             earth
             in
             it
             ,
             vntill
             the
             Spring
             come
             ,
             to
             plant
             them
             .
             The
             Trees
             that
             will
             come
             of
             them
             ,
             will
             not
             bring
             forth
             so
             good
             fruit
             ,
             as
             the
             Chest-nut
             was
             ,
             and
             therefore
             the
             best
             way
             is
             to
             graft
             them
             .
          
           
             14.
             
             The
             seeds
             of
             Lemons
             and
             Oranges
             ,
             ordinarily
             
             are
             sowne
             ,
             assoone
             as
             they
             are
             taken
             out
             of
             their
             fruit
             .
             They
             prepare
             the
             soyle
             towards
             the
             South
             ,
             well
             digged
             and
             dunged
             ,
             and
             plant
             them
             the
             small
             end
             vpward
             ,
             two
             inches
             deep
             in
             the
             earth
             .
             Also
             they
             graft
             them
             ordinarily
             ,
             to
             get
             the
             better
             and
             goodlier
             fruit
             of
             them
             .
          
           
             15.
             
             For
             the
             seeds
             of
             Apples
             and
             Peares
             ,
             the
             fruit
             being
             very
             ripe
             ,
             you
             are
             then
             to
             take
             out
             the
             seed
             ,
             and
             dry
             them
             in
             the
             shade
             ,
             and
             you
             may
             keepe
             them
             till
             February
             following
             or
             March
             ,
             to
             sow
             them
             .
             Then
             must
             you
             haue
             prepared
             for
             them
             good
             ground
             ,
             and
             you
             must
             make
             in
             it
             small
             rayes
             or
             furrowes
             ,
             of
             two
             or
             three
             inches
             in
             breadth
             ,
             and
             of
             like
             depth
             ,
             each
             furrow
             being
             three
             quarters
             of
             a
             foot
             distant
             one
             from
             the
             other
             ,
             and
             you
             must
             sow
             the
             seed
             within
             the
             said
             furrowes
             ,
             couering
             them
             with
             earth
             .
             It
             is
             very
             good
             to
             sow
             them
             ,
             assoone
             as
             they
             are
             taken
             out
             of
             their
             fruit
             ;
             for
             they
             come
             foorth
             of
             the
             earth
             the
             sooner
             :
             And
             it
             is
             needful
             to
             graft
             them
             ,
             because
             the
             fruit
             that
             proceedeth
             of
             them
             otherwise
             ,
             is
             not
             so
             good
             .
             It
             is
             also
             good
             ,
             that
             all
             the
             seeds
             and
             stones
             here
             beforenamed
             ,
             be
             planted
             and
             sowne
             at
             the
             first
             quarter
             of
             the
             Moone
             .
          
        
         
           
             
               16.
               
            
             How
             to
             dry
             Grapes
             ,
             to
             keepe
             them
             .
          
           
             WHen
             the
             Grapes
             be
             very
             ripe
             ,
             then
             are
             you
             to
             choose
             them
             in
             the
             Vineyard
             ,
             of
             the
             biggest
             and
             best
             ,
             and
             namely
             ,
             white
             ones
             .
             After
             you
             haue
             chosen
             and
             gathered
             as
             many
             as
             you
             will
             haue
             ,
             you
             must
             burne
             a
             certaine
             quantity
             of
             Vine-cuttings
             ,
             not
             mingling
             therewith
             
             any
             other
             kind
             of
             Wood
             ,
             and
             then
             gather
             the
             ashes
             thereof
             (
             but
             the
             best
             is
             ,
             that
             they
             bee
             all
             of
             white
             Vine
             branches
             :
             )
             after
             that
             ,
             put
             faire
             water
             and
             those
             ashes
             in
             a
             Cawldron
             vpon
             the
             fire
             ,
             and
             seethe
             them
             together
             ,
             till
             you
             haue
             made
             a
             cleere
             liquor
             ;
             then
             taking
             away
             all
             the
             ashes
             ,
             put
             the
             liquor
             into
             a
             cleane
             Cawldron
             againe
             ,
             and
             set
             it
             ouer
             the
             fire
             ,
             and
             being
             ready
             to
             seethe
             ,
             then
             must
             yee
             take
             rods
             of
             wood
             ,
             such
             as
             Chandlers
             vse
             ,
             whereupon
             they
             set
             and
             make
             their
             Candles
             ;
             vpon
             which
             rods
             you
             must
             tye
             the
             bunches
             all
             along
             ,
             one
             bunch
             of
             Grapes
             on
             one
             side
             the
             Rod
             ,
             and
             on
             the
             other
             side
             another
             bunch
             of
             Grapes
             ;
             tye
             them
             with
             thred
             by
             their
             stalkes
             to
             hang
             them
             on
             ;
             which
             done
             ,
             then
             diue
             them
             in
             the
             liquour
             ,
             as
             the
             Chandler
             puts
             his
             Candles
             in
             the
             molten
             Tallow
             ,
             and
             that
             sundry
             times
             ,
             as
             foure
             or
             fiue
             times
             :
             thus
             ,
             hauing
             diued
             one
             rod
             of
             Raysins
             ,
             hang
             it
             by
             to
             dry
             ;
             then
             take
             another
             ,
             and
             wet
             it
             in
             the
             same
             manner
             ,
             and
             set
             it
             by
             ,
             and
             doe
             so
             of
             all
             the
             rest
             :
             then
             hang
             them
             vp
             in
             the
             Sun
             ,
             or
             else
             spread
             them
             vpon
             Hurdles
             or
             Lattices
             of
             Rods
             ,
             or
             such
             like
             ,
             vntill
             they
             bee
             almost
             dry
             :
             then
             barrell
             them
             ,
             pressing
             them
             very
             flat
             in
             the
             said
             Barrels
             .
             Others
             dry
             them
             ,
             without
             this
             steeping
             them
             ,
             euen
             as
             they
             come
             from
             the
             Vine
             .
          
        
         
           
             
               17.
               
            
             How
             to
             dry
             Figs.
             
          
           
             FIrst
             ,
             gather
             them
             very
             ripe
             ;
             And
             hauing
             made
             ready
             Hurdles
             or
             Lattices
             of
             Reeds
             ,
             or
             of
             Osier
             ,
             ioyned
             together
             ,
             as
             Osier
             Lattices
             vse
             to
             be
             ,
             with
             lights
             or
             cli●ts
             betweene
             Osier
             and
             Osier
             ,
             
             to
             the
             end
             that
             the
             ayre
             passing
             thorow
             the
             rifts
             ,
             &
             void
             spaces
             of
             them
             ,
             may
             helpe
             the
             Sun
             to
             dry
             them
             vp
             ,
             when
             they
             are
             spred
             vpon
             the
             said
             Lattice
             Tables
             ;
             and
             take
             heed
             ,
             that
             neither
             the
             raine
             ,
             nor
             the
             dew
             fall
             vpon
             them
             .
             Also
             you
             may
             drie
             them
             in
             this
             manner
             :
             First
             take
             a
             big
             Reede
             or
             Cane
             ,
             of
             two
             or
             three
             foote
             long
             ,
             and
             bore
             little
             holes
             all
             the
             length
             of
             it
             ,
             thorow
             which
             holes
             you
             are
             to
             put
             little
             stickes
             very
             sharpe
             ,
             of
             two
             foote
             long
             ;
             then
             thred
             the
             figs
             vpon
             the
             little
             stickes
             ,
             till
             they
             be
             very
             full
             of
             them
             ;
             then
             hang
             the
             Cane
             in
             the
             Sun
             ;
             and
             when
             they
             be
             dry
             ,
             barrell
             them
             ,
             pressing
             them
             very
             hard
             in
             the
             Barrell
             ,
             as
             we
             said
             of
             Grapes
             .
          
        
         
           
             
               18.
               
            
             How
             to
             drie
             Peaches
             of
             all
             kinds
             ,
             and
             Apricots
             .
          
           
             WHen
             they
             bee
             very
             ripe
             ,
             then
             you
             must
             pare
             off
             the
             vpper
             skin
             ,
             and
             cleaue
             them
             into
             foure
             quarters
             ,
             and
             dry
             them
             as
             Figs
             ,
             and
             barrell
             them
             ,
             to
             keepe
             them
             for
             winter
             .
          
           
             The
             manner
             how
             to
             dresse
             them
             ,
             after
             they
             are
             dry
             ,
             for
             to
             eate
             them
             ,
             is
             this
             ;
             You
             must
             prouide
             a
             cleane
             earthen
             pot
             ,
             and
             after
             you
             haue
             washed
             your
             Peaches
             in
             faire
             water
             ,
             then
             put
             them
             into
             the
             pot
             ,
             and
             put
             in
             as
             much
             Wine
             as
             will
             couer
             the
             Peaches
             ,
             and
             then
             seethe
             them
             halfe
             a
             quarter
             of
             an
             houre
             .
             Also
             they
             may
             bee
             made
             ready
             another
             way
             without
             boyling
             them
             ,
             by
             putting
             them
             in
             wine
             ,
             and
             soking
             them
             three
             
             or
             foure
             daies
             ;
             and
             this
             way
             they
             are
             better
             .
             Also
             you
             may
             put
             in
             some
             Cinnamom
             in
             powder
             ;
             in
             this
             manner
             you
             may
             keepe
             them
             one
             moneth
             within
             the
             said
             pot
             .
             Vsing
             them
             euery
             morning
             ,
             they
             prouoke
             an
             appetite
             or
             good
             stomack
             ,
             and
             are
             very
             wholesome
             .
          
        
         
           
             
               19.
               
            
             How
             to
             hinder
             wild
             beasts
             ,
             from
             eating
             the
             fruits
             in
             the
             night
             .
          
           
             YOu
             must
             make
             fires
             in
             sundry
             places
             ,
             and
             namely
             ,
             in
             euery
             such
             way
             as
             leadeth
             to
             the
             wood
             ,
             and
             that
             only
             in
             the
             night
             ,
             and
             no
             wild
             beast
             will
             come
             neere
             them
             .
             And
             specially
             doe
             this
             about
             the
             Vineyards
             ,
             from
             the
             time
             the
             Grapes
             begin
             to
             be
             ripe
             ,
             vntill
             they
             be
             wholly
             ripe
             .
          
        
         
           
             
               20.
               
            
             Aduice
             for
             those
             in
             Virginia
             ,
             touching
             the
             place
             for
             to
             plant
             Vines
             in
             .
          
           
             FOrasmuch
             as
             euery
             plat
             of
             ground
             is
             not
             fit
             for
             the
             Vine
             ,
             it
             were
             good
             and
             conuenient
             ,
             that
             euery
             Towne
             and
             Village
             ,
             wherabouts
             is
             ,
             or
             shall
             bee
             found
             any
             good
             or
             proper
             ground
             for
             that
             purpose
             ,
             that
             there
             the
             inhabitants
             should
             plant
             Vines
             one
             neere
             another
             :
             and
             such
             men
             as
             haue
             intrest
             or
             right
             to
             such
             grounds
             ,
             may
             change
             them
             for
             some
             other
             ,
             in
             another
             quarter
             of
             the
             Countrey
             ,
             according
             to
             the
             quantity
             ,
             that
             euery
             one
             may
             be
             able
             to
             apply
             himselfe
             vnto
             .
             For
             the
             Vines
             being
             thus
             ioyned
             together
             ,
             will
             not
             cost
             
             more
             to
             keepe
             then
             one
             plat
             ;
             Neither
             shall
             the
             wild
             beasts
             eate
             any
             the
             more
             ;
             and
             so
             one
             may
             helpe
             another
             ,
             and
             learne
             one
             of
             another
             like
             good
             neighbours
             .
          
        
         
           
             Conclusion
             .
          
           
             I
             Haue
             many
             more
             vsefull
             things
             to
             impart
             ,
             which
             for
             want
             of
             leasure
             I
             must
             leaue
             vnpublished
             till
             some
             other
             time
             .
             Wherefore
             I
             will
             now
             onely
             heartily
             recommend
             these
             my
             approued
             experiments
             (
             which
             I
             haue
             sent
             you
             )
             to
             the
             care
             and
             diligent
             practice
             ,
             of
             you
             the
             Colonies
             of
             
               Virginia
            
             and
             the
             Summer
             Ilands
             .
             If
             you
             cheerefully
             apply
             your selues
             to
             these
             instructions
             ,
             I
             shall
             be
             incouraged
             to
             doe
             more
             and
             better
             seruice
             for
             you
             heereafter
             ;
             and
             you
             for
             your
             paines
             ,
             I
             dare
             assure
             it
             ,
             shall
             be
             richly
             recompenced
             with
             ample
             profit
             .
             Especially
             ,
             and
             aboue
             all
             others
             ,
             if
             you
             constantly
             pursue
             those
             two
             most
             inualuable
             commodities
             of
             Silkes
             and
             Wines
             ,
             which
             you
             may
             with
             ease
             and
             little
             cost
             bring
             speedily
             to
             perfection
             .
             For
             Nature
             (
             which
             doth
             nought
             in
             vaine
             )
             hath
             euery
             where
             for
             this
             purpose
             ,
             most
             luxuriously
             stored
             
               Virginia
            
             ready
             to
             your
             hands
             ,
             with
             excellent
             Mulbery
             Trees
             ,
             and
             Vines
             of
             diuers
             sorts
             ,
             which
             none
             ,
             though
             neuer
             so
             malicious
             ,
             or
             can
             ,
             or
             dare
             deny
             .
             Since
             then
             that
             Nature
             her selfe
             ,
             as
             proud
             of
             this
             her
             sumptuous
             worke
             ,
             beckens
             you
             to
             her
             ,
             and
             points
             you
             round
             about
             ,
             with
             her
             bounteous
             hand
             ,
             to
             behold
             heere
             in
             euery
             place
             ,
             her
             braue
             Mulberies
             ,
             and
             her
             merry
             Vines
             ,
             listen
             no
             more
             to
             me
             then
             ,
             but
             hearken
             to
             
             her
             now
             ,
             what
             she
             sayes
             and
             truly
             counsels
             you
             ,
             most
             part
             from
             her selfe
             ,
             and
             some
             part
             of
             what
             she
             hath
             heard
             from
             others
             .
          
           
             And
             thus
             she
             speakes
             vnto
             you
             :
          
           
             Friends
             of
             my
             best
             beloued
             Nation
             ,
             view
             mee
             well
             ,
             and
             tell
             mee
             if
             you
             are
             not
             come
             into
             another
             Land
             of
             promise
             ,
             into
             another
             Paradise
             ?
             to
             passe
             by
             my
             most
             fertile
             graine
             (
             so
             much
             of
             all
             commended
             )
             the
             nourishing
             Maiz
             ,
             and
             many
             other
             things
             ;
             behold
             now
             onely
             ,
             my
             two
             great
             Treasures
             ,
             my
             richest
             Plants
             ,
             my
             Mulberies
             and
             my
             Vines
             ,
             which
             I
             haue
             purposely
             prouided
             ready
             for
             you
             ,
             and
             that
             abundantly
             ,
             without
             your
             care
             ,
             without
             your
             cost
             or
             charge
             .
             Beleeue
             mee
             ,
             I
             make
             all
             my
             least
             and
             commonest
             workes
             ,
             for
             some
             good
             purpose
             euer
             ,
             much
             more
             these
             then
             that
             are
             so
             precious
             .
             Regard
             them
             well
             .
             I
             heare
             you
             all
             confesse
             now
             ,
             they
             are
             rich
             and
             beautifull
             :
             How
             haps
             it
             then
             ,
             that
             I
             and
             they
             are
             slighted
             so
             much
             by
             you
             ?
             and
             that
             which
             worst
             is
             ,
             all
             for
             a
             smoakie
             Witch
             ?
             I
             haue
             heard
             some
             say
             ,
             that
             dice
             are
             made
             of
             Coniurers
             bones
             ,
             and
             cards
             of
             Witches
             skins
             ,
             whereby
             those
             that
             handle
             them
             ,
             though
             they
             lose
             still
             ,
             and
             are
             vndone
             by
             them
             ,
             yet
             they
             can
             neuer
             leaue
             them
             .
             Sure
             there
             is
             some
             such
             sorcery
             in
             this
             weed
             ;
             it
             was
             first
             sowne
             (
             it
             seemes
             )
             by
             some
             Indian
             Enchanters
             hand
             ,
             with
             spels
             and
             Magicke
             verses
             ,
             or
             otherwise
             you
             could
             neuer
             so
             much
             dote
             on
             it
             .
             For
             all
             the
             fruit
             of
             this
             ,
             it
             is
             but
             smoke
             ,
             which
             vanishes
             ,
             and
             likely
             will
             not
             alwayes
             last
             .
             But
             these
             my
             two
             other
             bounties
             I
             haue
             giuen
             you
             ,
             for
             Silkes
             and
             Wines
             ,
             be
             they
             neuer
             so
             plentifull
             ,
             yet
             shall
             they
             be
             alwayes
             durable
             ,
             
             and
             generally
             staple
             ,
             to
             your
             excessiue
             gaine
             .
             Doe
             not
             then
             still
             Ixion-like
             ,
             imbrace
             a
             cloud
             ,
             for
             
               Iuno
               ,
            
             and
             smoake
             ,
             for
             substance
             .
             Let
             but
             the
             fruitfull
             soyle
             and
             happy
             Clime
             heere
             (
             the
             chiefe
             nurse
             of
             these
             and
             all
             other
             plants
             )
             perswade
             you
             for
             mee
             .
          
           
             All
             Authors
             of
             Agriculture
             will
             tell
             you
             ,
             that
             neither
             Arable
             ,
             Pasture
             ,
             Meddowes
             ,
             nor
             any
             other
             grounds
             ,
             are
             so
             proper
             to
             plant
             the
             Vine
             in
             ,
             as
             those
             cleered
             grounds
             are
             ,
             wherein
             not
             shrubs
             ,
             but
             tall
             Trees
             grew
             .
             And
             what
             Countrey
             in
             the
             world
             so
             full
             as
             this
             ,
             of
             tall
             and
             goodly
             Timber
             trees
             ?
             so
             as
             when
             you
             cleere
             your
             grounds
             ,
             you
             easily
             may
             remooue
             your
             Vines
             into
             them
             ,
             and
             the
             remoouing
             giues
             them
             also
             a
             perfection
             .
             Likewise
             may
             you
             leaue
             your
             Mulberies
             still
             growing
             ,
             euen
             where
             you
             plant
             your
             Vines
             :
             for
             such
             loue
             and
             affinity
             there
             is
             betweene
             these
             two
             ,
             (
             as
             good
             things
             alwayes
             goe
             together
             )
             That
             the
             soyle
             and
             Clime
             which
             fits
             the
             one
             ,
             fits
             the
             other
             ;
             and
             what
             the
             one
             loues
             or
             hates
             ,
             the
             other
             doeth
             the
             like
             .
             Were
             not
             this
             knowne
             to
             all
             ,
             yet
             the
             abundance
             of
             them
             both
             ,
             so
             naturally
             growing
             here
             together
             ,
             would
             ,
             without
             other
             experience
             ,
             sufficiently
             confirme
             it
             .
             Againe
             ,
             were
             not
             this
             Countrey
             and
             Climate
             heere
             most
             proper
             which
             I
             haue
             chosen
             for
             them
             ,
             you
             should
             not
             haue
             seene
             them
             ,
             be
             sure
             of
             it
             ,
             so
             freely
             and
             willingly
             flourish
             euery
             where
             as
             they
             doe
             .
             For
             this
             purpose
             compare
             
               Virginia
            
             now
             ,
             with
             other
             Countries
             ,
             that
             are
             seated
             in
             the
             same
             degree
             of
             latitude
             that
             she
             is
             ,
             marke
             their
             Commodities
             ,
             and
             you
             shall
             see
             ,
             that
             shee
             is
             
             as
             well
             a
             kinne
             to
             them
             ,
             in
             them
             ,
             as
             in
             the
             same
             degree
             .
             Your
             great
             Mathematician
             
               Hariot
               ,
            
             who
             liued
             sometime
             in
             
               Virginia
               ,
            
             
             and
             who
             with
             many
             praises
             (
             iustly
             due
             vnto
             her
             )
             wrote
             of
             her
             ,
             and
             her
             Commodities
             ,
             saith
             in
             that
             his
             booke
             ,
             that
             she
             is
             seated
             in
             the
             same
             latitude
             that
             
               Persia
            
             is
             :
             And
             they
             that
             haue
             trauelled
             
               Persia
               ,
            
             and
             write
             of
             it
             ,
             will
             tell
             you
             ⋆
             how
             it
             abounds
             with
             all
             good
             graine
             and
             fruits
             ,
             and
             how
             it
             exceeds
             in
             Silkes
             ,
             and
             Wines
             ,
             as
             this
             her
             Cousin-german
             ,
             in
             the
             same
             degree
             ,
             
               Virginia
               ,
            
             doth
             the
             like
             ,
             with
             Mulberies
             ,
             Vines
             ,
             Maize
             ,
             and
             other
             graine
             .
          
           
             Another
             ,
             an
             eye
             witnesse
             also
             of
             
               Persia
               ,
            
             saith
             ,
             that
             ⋆
             
               Chorazain
               ,
            
             a
             Prouince
             of
             that
             Countrey
             ,
             is
             so
             fruitfull
             of
             all
             things
             ,
             that
             a
             dearth
             is
             neuer
             knowne
             there
             :
             and
             that
             you
             may
             see
             in
             one
             onely
             City
             ,
             called
             ,
             
               Eri
               ,
            
             such
             store
             of
             Silke
             ,
             as
             in
             one
             day
             you
             may
             buy
             as
             much
             as
             will
             load
             3000.
             
             Cammels
             .
             And
             who
             knowes
             not
             ,
             that
             the
             abundance
             of
             Silke
             ,
             raised
             from
             the
             propriety
             of
             that
             soyle
             &
             Climate
             ,
             is
             the
             vnspeakable
             rich
             Staple
             Commodity
             of
             that
             great
             Empire
             ?
             These
             Silkes
             are
             the
             sinewes
             of
             the
             
               Persian
            
             State
             ,
             by
             which
             treasure
             ,
             the
             
               Sophy
            
             is
             inabled
             still
             as
             hee
             doth
             ,
             to
             wage
             warre
             with
             the
             Turke
             ,
             to
             the
             great
             good
             of
             all
             Christendome
             .
             I
             need
             not
             tell
             you
             ,
             by
             the
             way
             ,
             how
             hopefull
             a
             Trade
             this
             is
             to
             the
             English
             East
             India
             Company
             ,
             if
             it
             bee
             not
             (
             as
             pity
             it
             were
             )
             sinisterly
             hindred
             .
          
           
             For
             by
             this
             meanes
             great
             store
             of
             Clothes
             may
             be
             vented
             there
             ,
             multitudes
             of
             poore
             set
             on
             worke
             ,
             
             and
             England
             inriched
             ,
             and
             made
             in
             time
             the
             Magazin
             for
             silkes
             .
             And
             by
             this
             fetching
             of
             silke
             still
             
             from
             the
             fountaine
             head
             in
             
               Persia
               ,
            
             the
             Turke
             shall
             be
             depriued
             of
             this
             great
             Tribute
             ,
             weakened
             in
             his
             treasure
             and
             impouerished
             ;
             and
             the
             
               Persian
               ,
            
             by
             this
             Trade
             ,
             bee
             the
             more
             inriched
             and
             strengthened
             against
             the
             Turke
             ,
             to
             the
             common
             good
             of
             Christendome
             .
             And
             I
             hope
             all
             good
             men
             will
             wish
             this
             Trade
             to
             prosper
             and
             proceed
             still
             with
             the
             
               Persian
               ,
            
             farre
             rather
             then
             with
             the
             Turke
             .
             So
             much
             the
             more
             ,
             for
             that
             all
             Authours
             and
             Trauellers
             report
             ,
             *
             The
             
               Persian
            
             to
             be
             courteous
             ,
             gentle
             ,
             liberall
             ,
             kind
             to
             Christians
             ,
             and
             a
             louer
             of
             learning
             and
             of
             Arts
             ,
             especially
             Astrologie
             ,
             Physicke
             ,
             and
             Poetry
             ;
             so
             as
             when
             there
             shall
             bee
             an
             Ambassadour
             once
             settled
             with
             the
             
               Sophy
               ,
            
             there
             can
             be
             expected
             nothing
             but
             all
             good
             vsage
             ,
             with
             a
             greater
             gaine
             .
             The
             Turke
             contrariwise
             is
             rude
             ,
             barbarous
             ,
             cruell
             ,
             couetous
             ,
             perfidious
             ,
             a
             Christian
             and
             a
             Learning-hater
             .
             The
             loue
             of
             
               Persia
               ,
            
             so
             like
             
               Virginia
            
             in
             many
             things
             ,
             hath
             made
             me
             stay
             longer
             in
             her
             then
             otherwise
             I
             would
             :
             but
             now
             I
             will
             take
             my
             leaue
             of
             her
             ,
             and
             her
             rich
             store
             of
             Silkes
             ,
             and
             leade
             you
             thence
             ,
             to
             a
             greater
             and
             a
             more
             opulent
             Empire
             yet
             ,
             to
             
               China
               ,
            
             ⋆
             which
             also
             is
             seated
             in
             the
             same
             degree
             of
             latitude
             that
             our
             
               Virginia
            
             is
             :
             and
             heere
             you
             may
             see
             how
             likewise
             they
             two
             are
             a
             kinne
             in
             sundry
             naturall
             Commodities
             ,
             which
             by
             reciting
             and
             comparing
             of
             them
             ,
             you
             shall
             easily
             perceiue
             .
             
               China
            
             is
             stored
             with
             Woods
             of
             Mulberies
             to
             feed
             Silke
             wormes
             with
             ,
             and
             such
             abundance
             of
             Silkes
             they
             make
             ,
             ⋆
             that
             at
             the
             City
             of
             
               Nimpo
               ,
            
             which
             others
             call
             
               Liampo
               ,
            
             the
             
               Portugals
            
             haue
             obserued
             16●000
             .
             pound
             waight
             of
             Silke
             ,
             carryed
             out
             in
             
             Ships
             in
             three
             moneths
             space
             .
          
           
             Into
             
               Cambula
               ,
            
             the
             chiefe
             City
             of
             
               Tartary
               ,
            
             there
             come
             euery
             day
             from
             
               China
               ,
            
             about
             a
             thousand
             Wagons
             laden
             with
             Silke
             ,
             as
             ⋆
             Authours
             of
             no
             small
             credit
             ,
             and
             one
             that
             was
             there
             ,
             reports
             .
             
               China
            
             also
             is
             full
             of
             nauigable
             Riuers
             ,
             and
             is
             fertile
             of
             all
             graine
             ,
             Maiz
             ,
             Rice
             ,
             and
             others
             ,
             of
             which
             it
             hath
             three
             or
             foure
             Haruests
             in
             a
             yeere
             ;
             it
             is
             stored
             with
             Fish
             and
             Fowle
             ,
             it
             hath
             Mines
             of
             Siluer
             ,
             Brasse
             ,
             Iron
             ,
             and
             other
             metals
             ,
             Quick-siluer
             ,
             Niter
             ,
             Allom
             ,
             and
             precious
             Stones
             ,
             Pearle
             ,
             Muske
             ,
             Cotton
             ,
             Rubarb
             ,
             China
             roots
             ,
             store
             of
             Flax
             ,
             and
             rich
             Furres
             .
             ⋆
             They
             lose
             not
             a
             span
             of
             ground
             ,
             but
             all
             places
             are
             imployed
             to
             their
             proper
             vse
             :
             the
             dryer
             ,
             they
             sow
             with
             Wheat
             and
             Barly
             ;
             the
             moyst
             ,
             with
             Rice
             and
             Sugar
             canes
             :
             Hils
             and
             Mountaines
             abound
             with
             Pine-trees
             ,
             and
             Chessenuts
             ,
             betweene
             which
             they
             plant
             Maiz
             ,
             and
             sow
             Panicke
             ,
             and
             all
             kind
             of
             pulse
             :
             in
             other
             proper
             places
             ,
             are
             Mulbery
             Groues
             ,
             faire
             Gardens
             ,
             Orchards
             ,
             and
             Flax
             grounds
             ,
             no
             waste
             Land
             ,
             but
             all
             put
             to
             some
             good
             vse
             or
             other
             .
             It
             is
             not
             my
             purpose
             to
             speake
             of
             the
             sharpe
             wit
             ,
             or
             of
             the
             excellent
             Art
             and
             industry
             of
             the
             
               Chineses
               ,
            
             wherein
             they
             equall
             ,
             if
             not
             exceed
             all
             Nations
             of
             the
             world
             againe
             :
             that
             is
             besides
             our
             matter
             now
             :
             but
             as
             there
             is
             a
             consanguinity
             betwixt
             
               China
            
             and
             
               Virginia
               ,
            
             in
             the
             same
             degree
             of
             latitude
             ;
             so
             I
             will
             onely
             compare
             and
             shew
             the
             like
             affinity
             and
             agreement
             betwixt
             the
             natiue
             Commodities
             of
             the
             one
             and
             the
             other
             Climate
             :
             
               China
            
             hath
             store
             of
             Maiz
             for
             food
             ,
             and
             Mulbery
             trees
             for
             Silke
             ,
             and
             what
             Maiz
             ,
             and
             Mulberies
             
               Virginia
            
             hath
             ,
             is
             so
             well
             knowne
             to
             all
             ,
             
             as
             of
             that
             I
             need
             say
             no
             more
             .
             
               China
            
             yeelds
             store
             of
             Fish
             and
             Fowle
             ,
             
               Virginia
            
             hath
             the
             like
             ;
             and
             for
             Fish
             ,
             no
             where
             more
             plenty
             ,
             nor
             so
             large
             as
             there
             :
             witnesse
             your
             many
             Sailes
             ,
             that
             yeerly
             come
             out
             of
             England
             hither
             ,
             for
             this
             purpose
             ,
             so
             as
             at
             this
             time
             ,
             it
             makes
             a
             great
             trade
             ,
             and
             will
             yeerely
             more
             and
             more
             increase
             still
             ,
             especially
             after
             your
             Salt-works
             (
             that
             are
             now
             setting
             vp
             )
             are
             finished
             ;
             and
             for
             the
             Flax
             of
             
               China
               ,
            
             you
             haue
             naturally
             growing
             in
             
               Virginia
               ,
            
             Silke-grasse
             ,
             Flax
             ,
             and
             Hempe
             ,
             of
             diuers
             sorts
             ,
             and
             of
             approoued
             goodnesse
             ,
             and
             which
             culture
             will
             yet
             much
             more
             perfect
             .
             You
             haue
             likewise
             ,
             as
             
               China
               ,
            
             knowne
             Mines
             of
             Iron
             ,
             and
             of
             Copper
             ,
             and
             of
             other
             richer
             Mines
             also
             you
             haue
             more
             then
             hopes
             :
             
               China
            
             hath
             Pearle
             ,
             and
             some
             of
             the
             Indians
             weare
             it
             in
             
               Virginia
               :
            
             as
             it
             hath
             Muske
             ,
             so
             hath
             
               Virginia
               ,
            
             the
             beasts
             called
             by
             some
             ,
             
               Muscassus
               ,
            
             which
             haue
             good
             Muske
             ,
             and
             by
             all
             likelihood
             are
             of
             the
             same
             kind
             .
             The
             rich
             Furres
             reported
             of
             
               China
               ,
            
             are
             exceeded
             by
             
               Virginia
               ,
            
             in
             store
             of
             Beares
             ,
             Otters
             ,
             Martins
             ,
             and
             black
             Fox
             skins
             ,
             besides
             many
             others
             ,
             of
             which
             the
             French
             and
             Dutch
             haue
             made
             hard
             by
             you
             heere
             ,
             a
             great
             trade
             ,
             these
             many
             yeeres
             .
             As
             for
             the
             other
             naturall
             commodities
             ,
             mentioned
             ,
             that
             
               China
            
             hath
             ,
             and
             are
             not
             yet
             here
             knowne
             to
             the
             now
             
               Colony
               ,
            
             as
             Rubarb
             ,
             
               China
            
             roots
             ,
             ⋆
             Niter
             ,
             Allom
             ,
             Quick-siluer
             ,
             &c.
             
             You
             may
             probably
             at
             least
             presume
             ,
             considering
             that
             
               Virginia
            
             consorts
             with
             
               China
            
             in
             so
             many
             knowne
             things
             ,
             as
             in
             the
             same
             height
             ,
             the
             like
             happy
             tempered
             Clime
             ,
             the
             like
             fruitfull
             soyle
             ,
             the
             like
             many
             nauigable
             riuers
             ,
             the
             many
             like
             natiue
             knowne
             Commodities
             ,
             already
             
             named
             :
             you
             may
             probably
             presume
             (
             I
             say
             )
             that
             time
             &
             your
             industry
             ,
             in
             diligent
             searching
             (
             which
             for
             these
             reasons
             you
             ought
             the
             rather
             to
             quicken
             )
             will
             discouer
             also
             heereafter
             many
             of
             these
             ,
             if
             not
             all
             vnto
             you
             .
             And
             as
             for
             the
             other
             commodities
             that
             
               Virginia
            
             hath
             not
             at
             all
             as
             yet
             ,
             as
             Rice
             and
             Sugars
             ,
             likewise
             none
             may
             doubt
             ,
             seeing
             the
             soyle
             and
             Clime
             heere
             are
             indued
             with
             no
             contrarieties
             ,
             extremities
             ,
             or
             distemperatures
             to
             hinder
             the
             growth
             of
             them
             ,
             but
             hath
             all
             conueniences
             alike
             fitting
             for
             these
             purposes
             ;
             there
             is
             no
             doubt
             then
             (
             I
             say
             )
             but
             that
             when
             they
             are
             once
             transported
             hither
             from
             other
             places
             ,
             and
             planted
             heere
             ,
             but
             that
             it
             must
             needs
             prooue
             capeable
             of
             them
             ,
             being
             so
             naturally
             fitted
             already
             for
             them
             .
             Neither
             yet
             is
             it
             to
             bee
             thought
             ,
             that
             any
             cultiuated
             Country
             in
             the
             world
             ,
             though
             neuer
             so
             fruitfull
             ,
             had
             all
             things
             at
             first
             there
             naturally
             growing
             in
             it
             ,
             as
             now
             it
             hath
             ,
             but
             that
             many
             of
             them
             were
             brought
             afterwards
             thither
             from
             other
             places
             .
             And
             so
             in
             like
             sort
             ,
             the
             Spaniards
             haue
             transported
             out
             of
             Europe
             and
             the
             East-Indies
             ,
             diuers
             plants
             of
             fruits
             ,
             drugs
             and
             dies
             ,
             and
             many
             rich
             commodities
             ,
             which
             they
             haue
             prosperously
             planted
             in
             the
             West
             Indies
             ,
             to
             their
             great
             gaine
             ,
             as
             may
             easily
             bee
             shewne
             .
             And
             you
             ,
             if
             you
             consider
             your
             store
             of
             your
             plaine
             ,
             moist
             ,
             fat
             ,
             and
             fruitfull
             grounds
             ,
             and
             your
             goodly
             riuers
             by
             them
             ,
             for
             helpe
             of
             water
             ,
             you
             cannot
             doubt
             but
             that
             you
             are
             most
             fitly
             prouided
             for
             the
             entertaining
             and
             bringing
             vp
             of
             Rice
             and
             Sugar
             Canes
             .
             You
             haue
             already
             made
             succesfull
             triall
             of
             other
             grounds
             ,
             which
             prooue
             most
             proper
             for
             Cotten
             
             wooll
             plants
             and
             Indico
             ,
             for
             the
             ordering
             of
             which
             ,
             and
             of
             many
             other
             more
             profitable
             commodities
             ,
             you
             shall
             shortly
             (
             as
             I
             heare
             )
             haue
             directions
             printed
             and
             sent
             vnto
             you
             .
             Now
             for
             the
             three
             or
             foure
             Haruests
             which
             
               China
            
             hath
             yeerely
             ,
             so
             as
             dearth
             is
             neuer
             heard
             of
             there
             :
             It
             is
             knowne
             likewise
             and
             written
             of
             ⋆
             
               Virginia
               ,
            
             that
             at
             
               Roanoak
            
             they
             reap
             three
             Haruests
             in
             fiue
             moneths
             space
             :
             they
             sowe
             in
             May
             ,
             and
             in
             Iune
             ,
             and
             in
             Iuly
             ;
             and
             reape
             againe
             ,
             in
             Iuly
             ,
             August
             ,
             and
             September
             .
             And
             as
             for
             that
             part
             of
             
               Virginia
            
             which
             is
             now
             planted
             ,
             there
             is
             ⋆
             one
             of
             the
             most
             ancient
             and
             expert
             Planters
             now
             in
             England
             ,
             that
             credibly
             auerres
             ,
             that
             they
             may
             ,
             and
             doe
             begin
             to
             sowe
             of
             our
             Countrey
             graine
             in
             September
             ,
             and
             so
             after
             continue
             stil
             their
             seed
             season
             for
             wheat
             very
             well
             vntill
             the
             middle
             of
             February
             following
             ,
             and
             about
             the
             end
             of
             Iune
             ,
             they
             begin
             to
             reape
             the
             first
             Haruest
             of
             Wheate
             and
             Barley
             ,
             which
             is
             very
             good
             ,
             and
             in
             the
             other
             moneths
             after
             ,
             that
             which
             was
             later
             sowne
             .
             Whereupon
             is
             to
             be
             inferred
             ,
             that
             
               Virginia
            
             hauing
             store
             of
             Ploughes
             and
             good
             Husbandmen
             ,
             need
             not
             onely
             neuer
             feare
             dearth
             and
             scarcity
             ,
             but
             may
             by
             the
             many
             seedings
             and
             many
             Haruests
             ,
             bee
             made
             a
             Countrey
             as
             plentifull
             of
             all
             graine
             ,
             as
             
               China
               ,
            
             or
             any
             other
             whatsoeuer
             in
             the
             world
             .
             Besides
             ,
             some
             knowne
             commodities
             you
             haue
             ,
             which
             
               China
            
             wants
             :
             to
             omit
             others
             ,
             that
             which
             is
             called
             
               Terra-Lemnia
               ,
            
             formerly
             a
             peculiar
             treasure
             of
             the
             great
             Turkes
             onely
             ,
             ⋆
             and
             Wine
             of
             Grapes
             ,
             whereof
             they
             haue
             none
             :
             for
             all
             theirs
             are
             made
             either
             of
             the
             Palme
             tree
             called
             Cocos
             ,
             or
             of
             the
             Palme
             that
             beares
             Dates
             ,
             which
             being
             exceeding
             
             good
             ,
             and
             made
             with
             diuers
             mixtures
             ,
             after
             diuers
             fashions
             ,
             this
             perhaps
             makes
             them
             lesse
             care
             either
             to
             plant
             or
             to
             dresse
             the
             Vine
             .
             But
             to
             bid
             
               China
            
             farewell
             now
             ,
             and
             the
             multiplicitie
             of
             her
             commodities
             and
             her
             affinities
             with
             
               Virginia
               ,
            
             I
             will
             returne
             againe
             to
             speake
             particularly
             of
             our
             Mulberies
             and
             Silke
             :
             and
             for
             this
             purpose
             I
             will
             now
             carrie
             you
             into
             
               France
            
             and
             
               Italy
               ,
            
             onely
             to
             viewe
             the
             rich
             and
             mighty
             profits
             that
             they
             make
             of
             them
             :
             Notwithstanding
             their
             Mulbery
             trees
             (
             which
             are
             esteemed
             alwaies
             to
             counteruaile
             the
             halfe
             of
             all
             the
             whole
             charges
             of
             this
             businesse
             )
             are
             not
             produced
             by
             the
             earth
             of
             her
             owne
             accord
             ,
             with
             my
             helpe
             onely
             ,
             as
             here
             ,
             but
             by
             labour
             and
             industry
             and
             expence
             .
             ⋆
             
               Augustino
               Gallo
            
             an
             excellent
             Author
             of
             Agriculture
             saith
             ,
             that
             but
             a
             few
             yeeres
             since
             (
             finding
             the
             sweete
             by
             keeping
             Silke-Wormes
             )
             in
             the
             Territory
             of
             
               Bresci●
            
             ▪
             they
             did
             yeerely
             sow
             Millions
             of
             Mulbery
             trees
             ,
             which
             after
             foure
             yeeres
             growth
             ,
             the
             best
             and
             fayrest
             of
             them
             were
             remoued
             ,
             to
             bee
             planted
             by
             high
             way
             sides
             or
             other
             places
             ,
             where
             they
             thought
             fitting
             ,
             and
             that
             both
             noble
             and
             ignoble
             did
             take
             such
             a
             pleasure
             in
             keeping
             great
             store
             of
             Silke-Wormes
             ,
             so
             as
             gaine
             quickening
             their
             industry
             ,
             they
             did
             more
             and
             more
             amongst
             all
             sorts
             yeerely
             augment
             this
             businesse
             .
             ⋆
             It
             is
             not
             aboue
             twenty
             yeeres
             ,
             since
             these
             Silke-Wormes
             were
             generally
             set
             vp
             in
             
               France
               ,
               Henry
            
             the
             Great
             ,
             with
             great
             wisedome
             appointing
             Commissioners
             for
             that
             purpose
             .
          
           
             ⋆
             
               Le
               Tellier
               ,
            
             in
             his
             booke
             of
             the
             Silke-arte
             ,
             
             saith
             ,
             that
             the
             inuention
             and
             first
             knowledge
             of
             Silke
             ,
             came
             from
             the
             East
             Indies
             into
             Europe
             aboue
             a
             thousand
             yeers
             since
             ,
             &
             was
             brought
             into
             
               Italy
               ,
            
             not
             aboue
             two
             or
             three
             hundred
             yeeres
             agoe
             :
             for
             before
             that
             time
             ,
             this
             fabrick
             and
             worke
             was
             more
             rare
             and
             strange
             there
             ,
             then
             it
             was
             about
             twenty
             yeeres
             since
             ,
             in
             
               France
               ,
            
             afore
             which
             time
             (
             though
             not
             many
             yeeres
             since
             )
             the
             people
             of
             
               Prouence
               ,
               Languedock
            
             and
             
               Dauphine
            
             (
             the
             neighbour
             Prouinces
             to
             
               Italy
            
             )
             applying
             themselues
             to
             this
             Silke-Worme
             ,
             found
             the
             progresse
             so
             easie
             and
             profitable
             ,
             insomuch
             as
             the
             sole
             reuenew
             of
             Silke
             ,
             brings
             more
             money
             (
             saith
             he
             )
             at
             this
             present
             to
             those
             Prouinces
             ,
             then
             all
             their
             Corne
             ,
             Oyle
             ,
             &
             Woad
             ,
             together
             ,
             which
             notwithstanding
             are
             there
             in
             very
             great
             aboundance
             ;
             ⋆
             Another
             saith
             ,
             that
             
               France
            
             must
             saue
             and
             gaine
             by
             the
             progresse
             of
             this
             Silke
             fabrick
             ,
             aboue
             foure
             millions
             a
             yeere
             ;
             
               Italy
            
             then
             incomparably
             more
             :
             and
             yet
             
               France
            
             for
             the
             getting
             of
             this
             great
             gaine
             ,
             makes
             of
             the
             Silke-wormes
             breede
             ,
             of
             one
             ounce
             of
             Seede
             ,
             in
             the
             most
             places
             ,
             but
             fiue
             or
             sixe
             pound
             of
             Silke
             ,
             euery
             pound
             worth
             two
             &
             three
             French
             Crownes
             and
             somewhat
             more
             .
             Yet
             in
             the
             better
             parts
             of
             
               France
               ,
            
             as
             in
             
               Languedock
               ,
            
             and
             
               Prouence
               ,
            
             they
             make
             seuen
             or
             eight
             pounds
             of
             Sike
             ,
             of
             an
             ounce
             of
             Sike-seede
             .
             ⋆
             But
             in
             
               Italy
               ,
            
             namely
             ,
             in
             
               Brescia
               ,
            
             they
             make
             of
             one
             ounce
             of
             Spanish
             Silke-seede
             ,
             eight
             ,
             nine
             and
             tenne
             pound
             of
             Silke
             ,
             and
             the
             Silke-Wormes
             spinning
             of
             this
             ounce
             of
             Silke-seede
             ,
             cate
             but
             about
             two
             hundred
             and
             fifty
             pound
             waight
             (
             after
             the
             ⋆
             pound
             waight
             of
             
             
               Brescia
            
             )
             of
             Mulberie
             leaues
             to
             make
             the
             said
             quantitie
             of
             Silke
             ;
             And
             of
             an
             ounce
             of
             
               Calabrian
            
             Silke-seed
             ,
             they
             make
             there
             in
             
               Brescia
            
             eleuen
             and
             twelue
             pound
             waight
             of
             Silke
             ,
             and
             the
             Wormes
             of
             that
             seede
             (
             as
             being
             of
             a
             bigger
             breede
             )
             eate
             about
             three
             hundred
             
               Brescia
            
             waight
             of
             Mulbery
             leaues
             ;
             and
             no
             doubt
             but
             in
             other
             places
             of
             
               Italy
               ,
            
             which
             are
             yet
             more
             proper
             for
             this
             businesse
             ,
             they
             make
             of
             the
             like
             proportion
             of
             seed
             ,
             a
             greater
             quantity
             of
             Silke
             then
             this
             .
          
           
             Such
             difference
             there
             is
             betwixt
             Clymate
             and
             Clymate
             ,
             in
             the
             naturall
             propriety
             of
             it
             ,
             to
             the
             great
             increasing
             and
             bettering
             of
             this
             worke
             .
             Considering
             therefore
             the
             great
             charge
             and
             labour
             ,
             that
             
               Italy
            
             and
             
               France
            
             is
             at
             ,
             in
             planting
             of
             Mulbery
             trees
             ,
             and
             for
             that
             purpose
             sowing
             Mulbery
             seeds
             ,
             and
             expecting
             sixe
             or
             seuen
             yeere
             after
             (
             for
             so
             long
             it
             is
             ere
             they
             grow
             to
             perfection
             )
             afore
             they
             can
             make
             good
             profit
             of
             them
             ,
             and
             considering
             besides
             ,
             that
             their
             Clymate
             is
             nothing
             so
             proper
             for
             this
             Silke-commodity
             ,
             as
             
               Virginia
            
             is
             ,
             and
             yet
             for
             all
             that
             ,
             they
             make
             their
             greatest
             gaine
             of
             it
             :
          
           
             It
             cannot
             be
             doubted
             then
             ,
             but
             
               Virginia
            
             hauing
             infinite
             store
             of
             the
             best
             sort
             of
             Mulbery
             trees
             ,
             ready
             growne
             vp
             to
             your
             hands
             ,
             without
             your
             charge
             or
             labour
             ,
             and
             hauing
             the
             Clymate
             (
             as
             is
             experimented
             )
             more
             naturally
             proper
             for
             this
             worke
             ,
             and
             the
             food
             for
             the
             Silkewormes
             better
             ,
             whereby
             they
             become
             more
             strong
             ,
             to
             passe
             their
             naturall
             and
             other
             casuall
             sicknesses
             with
             lesse
             danger
             ,
             and
             so
             are
             generally
             more
             
             healthfull
             ,
             and
             also
             are
             bigger
             bodied
             ,
             and
             make
             larger
             Silke-bottomes
             ,
             and
             finish
             their
             worke
             in
             a
             shorter
             time
             then
             other
             doe
             other-where
             ;
             hauing
             all
             these
             preeminences
             ,
             it
             cannot
             be
             doubted
             (
             I
             say
             )
             by
             any
             reasonable
             man
             ,
             but
             that
             
               Virginia
            
             is
             euery
             way
             better
             fitted
             ,
             to
             yeeld
             incomparably
             a
             farre
             richer
             profit
             by
             the
             Silkeworkes
             to
             you
             ,
             then
             
               France
            
             or
             
               Italy
            
             can
             doe
             to
             them
             .
          
           
             And
             if
             in
             
               France
               ,
            
             their
             profit
             be
             thus
             rated
             by
             them
             ,
             which
             account
             alwaies
             ,
             that
             the
             fourth
             part
             of
             the
             price
             of
             the
             Silke
             defrayes
             all
             the
             charges
             ,
             there
             remayning
             three
             parts
             of
             cleere
             gaine
             to
             the
             Owner
             ,
             and
             in
             
               Italy
               ,
            
             a
             sixth
             part
             will
             discharge
             al
             expences
             ,
             making
             fiue
             parts
             of
             cleere
             gaine
             ,
             where
             they
             reckon
             neuerthelesse
             ,
             that
             the
             price
             of
             the
             Mulbery
             leafe
             (
             as
             I
             will
             shew
             by
             and
             by
             )
             counteruailes
             the
             full
             halfe
             of
             the
             whole
             charge
             of
             the
             Silkeworke
             ;
             you
             may
             then
             certainely
             assure
             your selues
             ,
             that
             in
             
               Virginia
               ,
            
             where
             you
             haue
             what
             store
             of
             Mulbery
             leaues
             you
             will
             for
             nothing
             ,
             with
             all
             the
             other
             aduantages
             afore
             mentioned
             ,
             that
             the
             tenth
             or
             twelfth
             part
             of
             your
             Silke
             you
             make
             there
             ,
             must
             needs
             cleere
             all
             your
             charges
             ,
             and
             make
             nine
             ;
             ten
             or
             eleuen
             parts
             cleere
             gaine
             to
             your selues
             .
             Your
             chiefe
             charge
             will
             be
             ,
             for
             the
             gathering
             of
             the
             leaues
             to
             feed
             the
             Wormes
             .
             A
             man
             and
             a
             boy
             will
             feede
             the
             Wormes
             ,
             comming
             of
             sixe
             ounces
             of
             seeds
             ,
             till
             they
             be
             past
             their
             fourth
             sicknesse
             ,
             and
             within
             a
             fortnight
             of
             spinning
             .
             But
             for
             the
             last
             fortnight
             ,
             because
             the
             Wormes
             must
             be
             then
             carefully
             and
             often
             fed
             (
             that
             being
             the
             chiefe
             time
             ,
             
             wherein
             they
             conceiue
             ,
             and
             store
             vp
             the
             matter
             for
             the
             Silke
             ,
             which
             they
             after
             vomit
             out
             and
             spin
             )
             then
             you
             must
             adde
             three
             or
             foure
             helpers
             ,
             to
             the
             other
             two
             aforesaid
             .
          
           
             For
             the
             feeding
             ,
             and
             shifting
             of
             the
             Wormes
             ,
             and
             other
             imployments
             ,
             women
             ,
             children
             ,
             and
             impotent
             persons
             may
             be
             vsed
             .
             And
             as
             one
             skilfull
             gouernour
             of
             the
             Silkewormes
             may
             imploy
             hundreds
             vnder
             him
             ,
             so
             he
             may
             in
             sixe
             weekes
             space
             ,
             easily
             teach
             them
             the
             chiefest
             points
             of
             this
             art
             ,
             if
             they
             be
             capable
             ,
             and
             will
             addict
             themselues
             to
             the
             learning
             of
             it
             .
             ⋆
             The
             Gouernour
             of
             the
             Silkewormes
             in
             
               France
               ,
            
             hath
             two
             ,
             three
             and
             foure
             crownes
             a
             month
             ,
             besides
             his
             diet
             :
             and
             his
             charge
             continues
             ,
             from
             the
             first
             hatching
             of
             the
             Wormes
             ,
             to
             the
             finishing
             and
             winding
             of
             the
             Silke
             .
             ⋆
             Moreouer
             ,
             you
             must
             not
             thinke
             it
             to
             be
             absolutely
             necessary
             ,
             to
             be
             so
             superstitious
             in
             curiously
             following
             all
             the
             booke
             rules
             and
             written
             precepts
             ,
             so
             as
             if
             any
             of
             them
             be
             omitted
             ,
             or
             euery
             thing
             be
             not
             precisely
             followed
             ,
             in
             the
             hatching
             ,
             lodging
             ,
             feeding
             ,
             and
             tending
             of
             the
             Silkewormes
             ,
             that
             then
             all
             the
             businesse
             is
             spoiled
             and
             ouerthrowne
             :
             for
             it
             may
             notwithstanding
             profit
             and
             succeed
             ,
             to
             the
             contentment
             of
             those
             that
             keepe
             them
             .
             Onely
             let
             euery
             man
             doe
             what
             he
             can
             commodiously
             ,
             to
             his
             power
             and
             ability
             ,
             and
             assure
             himselfe
             ,
             though
             he
             keepe
             not
             all
             strict
             rules
             in
             euery
             thing
             ,
             that
             yet
             he
             may
             make
             a
             great
             gaine
             ,
             notwithstanding
             still
             the
             greater
             ,
             the
             more
             curious
             he
             be
             in
             obseruing
             and
             practising
             all
             the
             approued
             experiments
             ,
             Rules
             ,
             
             and
             precepts
             hereunto
             belonging
             .
          
           
             These
             Rules
             are
             chiefly
             to
             shew
             the
             perfection
             of
             this
             Art
             ,
             and
             that
             also
             a
             man
             may
             learne
             thereby
             ,
             that
             if
             the
             Silkewormes
             miscarrie
             or
             prosper
             not
             so
             well
             one
             yeere
             ,
             what
             might
             be
             the
             cause
             of
             it
             ,
             and
             where
             the
             fault
             lay
             ,
             and
             how
             next
             yeere
             that
             may
             be
             remedied
             which
             was
             amisse
             afore
             ,
             without
             despayring
             or
             being
             discouraged
             .
             Besides
             you
             must
             know
             ,
             that
             all
             generall
             Rules
             euer
             admit
             some
             exceptions
             ,
             and
             varie
             according
             to
             some
             particular
             circumstances
             .
             And
             therefore
             to
             make
             the
             Rules
             the
             surer
             for
             you
             ,
             the
             nature
             of
             the
             Clymate
             must
             be
             obserued
             ,
             how
             and
             in
             what
             one
             Clymate
             differs
             from
             another
             ,
             as
             also
             the
             season
             of
             one
             yeere
             ,
             altering
             from
             another
             ,
             in
             cold
             ,
             heat
             ,
             drought
             ,
             or
             moysture
             ,
             the
             manner
             of
             the
             lodgings
             ,
             the
             qualities
             of
             the
             windes
             ,
             to
             be
             let
             in
             ,
             and
             kept
             out
             vpon
             occasion
             fitting
             ,
             and
             so
             according
             to
             all
             the
             different
             qualities
             ,
             to
             gouerne
             this
             worke
             differently
             with
             discretion
             .
             As
             if
             it
             be
             a
             cold
             season
             ,
             to
             vse
             more
             artificiall
             heat
             ,
             for
             the
             cherishing
             the
             Wormes
             ;
             if
             it
             be
             a
             verie
             hot
             season
             ,
             to
             let
             in
             the
             coole
             ayre
             and
             the
             windes
             ,
             as
             much
             as
             may
             be
             to
             refresh
             them
             ,
             especially
             when
             they
             spin
             their
             Silke
             ,
             for
             feare
             of
             stifling
             them
             with
             too
             much
             heat
             .
             If
             it
             be
             a
             moist
             time
             (
             the
             worst
             season
             of
             all
             other
             euer
             for
             the
             Silkewormes
             )
             to
             vse
             drying
             heats
             and
             perfumes
             so
             much
             the
             more
             ,
             to
             qualifie
             the
             moist
             and
             the
             ill
             season
             ,
             and
             to
             be
             carefull
             ,
             that
             the
             Mulbery
             leafe
             be
             wel
             dried
             ,
             and
             kept
             the
             longer
             after
             it
             be
             gathered
             ,
             afore
             it
             be
             
             giuen
             .
             But
             if
             the
             season
             be
             dry
             ,
             then
             consider
             ,
             that
             the
             leafe
             ,
             after
             it
             hath
             lyen
             and
             cooled
             a
             while
             ,
             may
             be
             giuen
             the
             fresher
             ,
             and
             the
             Mulbery
             tree
             roots
             may
             be
             watered
             in
             these
             droughts
             ,
             to
             refresh
             the
             leaues
             ,
             as
             they
             doe
             sometimes
             in
             
               Spaine
               ,
            
             especially
             if
             it
             be
             in
             a
             drie
             and
             hot
             ground
             ,
             which
             otherwise
             without
             these
             cautions
             were
             not
             so
             good
             .
             Then
             must
             you
             consider
             also
             ,
             if
             the
             Mulbery
             tree
             grow
             in
             a
             shady
             place
             ,
             or
             in
             a
             sowre
             ,
             foule
             or
             wet
             soile
             ,
             what
             inconuenience
             that
             food
             may
             bring
             vnto
             the
             worm
             ,
             &
             thereafter
             either
             to
             auoid
             it
             wholy
             ,
             if
             it
             be
             possible
             ,
             or
             else
             to
             qualifie
             it
             as
             well
             as
             may
             be
             :
             Neuerthelesse
             noting
             that
             in
             a
             hot
             and
             dry
             yeere
             ,
             a
             man
             may
             be
             more
             bold
             to
             feed
             with
             those
             leaues
             ,
             that
             grow
             in
             a
             shady
             or
             moist
             ground
             ,
             by
             reason
             the
             temper
             of
             the
             season
             hath
             the
             better
             corrected
             the
             ill
             quality
             of
             them
             .
             Thus
             regard
             with
             reason
             alwaies
             ,
             what
             kinde
             of
             ground
             the
             leafe
             grew
             in
             ,
             and
             in
             what
             qualified
             season
             you
             gather
             it
             in
             ,
             and
             consider
             the
             kinde
             ,
             and
             nature
             of
             the
             tree
             ,
             and
             the
             nature
             and
             kinde
             of
             the
             Silke-seed
             you
             vse
             ,
             and
             according
             to
             all
             particular
             circumstances
             ,
             well
             pondered
             ,
             so
             to
             make
             your
             exceptions
             ,
             and
             to
             order
             euerie
             thing
             with
             iudgement
             ,
             and
             discretion
             thereafter
             .
             Time
             and
             obseruation
             will
             teach
             you
             many
             experiments
             ,
             out
             of
             which
             perhaps
             some
             more
             rules
             of
             art
             may
             be
             made
             ,
             as
             best
             fitting
             in
             some
             particularities
             ,
             the
             Countrie
             and
             Clymate
             of
             
               Virginia
               ,
            
             which
             finding
             ,
             after
             good
             triall
             made
             ,
             you
             shall
             doe
             well
             to
             set
             them
             downe
             in
             writing
             ,
             that
             in
             time
             they
             may
             be
             published
             
             also
             ,
             for
             the
             better
             directing
             ,
             and
             profiting
             of
             others
             .
             And
             because
             in
             
               Persia
            
             (
             where
             such
             infinite
             store
             of
             Silke
             is
             made
             )
             it
             is
             not
             likely
             ,
             that
             they
             tie
             themselues
             to
             all
             the
             strict
             rule
             ,
             and
             niceties
             ,
             which
             for
             the
             most
             part
             are
             necessary
             to
             be
             obserued
             in
             many
             Countries
             ,
             but
             doe
             what
             is
             fitting
             otherwise
             ,
             for
             that
             Clymate
             ,
             most
             proper
             for
             this
             worke
             ;
             (
             with
             which
             
               Virginia
            
             so
             neerely
             agrees
             ,
             and
             naturally
             consorts
             as
             is
             aforesaid
             )
             for
             this
             especiall
             purpose
             therefore
             ,
             meanes
             are
             made
             (
             I
             heare
             )
             to
             certifie
             you
             from
             the
             English
             Factory
             in
             
               Persia
               ,
            
             of
             the
             art
             and
             order
             that
             they
             vse
             ,
             in
             all
             particulars
             ,
             for
             the
             Silke-workes
             there
             ;
             which
             may
             guide
             you
             ,
             happily
             ,
             to
             a
             more
             compendious
             and
             ready
             way
             ,
             for
             the
             better
             speeding
             of
             this
             rich
             businesse
             .
             And
             yet
             where
             all
             these
             rules
             are
             curiously
             followed
             ,
             they
             make
             not
             onely
             
               Spaine
               ,
            
             and
             
               Italy
               ,
            
             but
             in
             the
             worser
             parts
             of
             
               France
               ,
            
             and
             other-where
             ,
             a
             farre
             greater
             gaine
             (
             so
             much
             for
             so
             much
             )
             by
             feeding
             the
             Silke-wormes
             ,
             then
             by
             any
             other
             commodity
             whatsoeuer
             .
             Insomuch
             as
             some
             Gentlemen
             in
             
               Italy
               ,
            
             which
             keepe
             no
             Silke-wormes
             themselues
             (
             and
             which
             are
             therefore
             of
             the
             worst
             sort
             of
             husbands
             )
             yet
             by
             letting
             out
             their
             Mulbery
             trees
             to
             others
             ,
             for
             the
             leafe
             onely
             ,
             make
             a
             great
             part
             of
             their
             reuenues
             ,
             some
             500.
             li.
             some
             1000.
             li.
             a
             yeere
             ;
             some
             more
             ,
             some
             lesse
             ,
             according
             to
             the
             number
             ,
             greatnesse
             ,
             and
             goodnesse
             of
             their
             Mulbery
             trees
             .
             ⋆
             So
             likewise
             in
             
               Auignon
               ,
               Dauphiné
               ,
               Lauguedoc
               ,
               Prouence
               ,
            
             and
             other
             parts
             of
             
               France
               ,
            
             some
             let
             out
             their
             Mulbery
             trees
             to
             others
             ,
             from
             
             two
             shillings
             ,
             to
             twelue
             shillings
             apiece
             and
             vpwards
             ,
             accordingly
             as
             they
             are
             .
             ⋆
             But
             some
             other
             Gentlemen
             in
             
               Italy
            
             let
             out
             their
             Mulberie
             trees
             ,
             after
             another
             maner
             ,
             namely
             ,
             they
             are
             at
             the
             charge
             onely
             ,
             to
             giue
             the
             leafe
             of
             their
             Mulbery
             trees
             ,
             to
             some
             poore
             folkes
             ,
             for
             which
             they
             are
             to
             finde
             at
             their
             cost
             ,
             the
             Silke-seed
             ,
             and
             are
             to
             feed
             and
             tend
             the
             Wormes
             ,
             till
             they
             haue
             made
             their
             Silke
             :
             which
             done
             ,
             they
             deuide
             the
             Silke
             bottomes
             ,
             by
             halues
             betweene
             them
             .
             Thus
             you
             see
             ,
             what
             a
             rich
             reuenue
             I
             haue
             prouided
             for
             you
             ,
             in
             Mulbery
             trees
             alone
             ,
             which
             are
             halfe
             the
             charge
             ,
             and
             yet
             cost
             you
             nothing
             .
             And
             I
             hope
             I
             need
             not
             tell
             you
             ,
             how
             it
             is
             a
             matter
             ,
             no
             lesse
             profitable
             then
             easie
             ,
             for
             the
             better
             aduancing
             this
             Commodity
             ,
             to
             build
             for
             this
             purpose
             farre
             from
             your
             houses
             (
             if
             need
             be
             )
             in
             the
             most
             conuenient
             places
             ,
             of
             the
             best
             Mulbery
             woods
             ,
             some
             slight
             Silke-worme
             lodgings
             ,
             soone
             set
             vp
             ,
             and
             with
             Stoues
             in
             them
             ,
             after
             that
             excellent
             manner
             of
             
               Sicilie
               ,
            
             formerly
             described
             ;
             which
             by
             this
             Art
             may
             correct
             the
             ill
             site
             and
             temper
             ,
             and
             qualifie
             the
             Ayre
             well
             ,
             in
             the
             cold
             ,
             moyst
             and
             shady
             woods
             ,
             lest
             otherwise
             that
             might
             be
             a
             hindrance
             to
             this
             worke
             .
             And
             here
             also
             in
             these
             lodgings
             ,
             you
             may
             make
             good
             shift
             (
             especially
             for
             so
             great
             a
             gaine
             )
             with
             necessary
             prouisions
             to
             lodge
             your selues
             ,
             from
             the
             beginning
             ,
             to
             the
             end
             of
             your
             Silke-haruest
             time
             ,
             about
             some
             sixe
             weekes
             only
             :
             where
             you
             shall
             need
             but
             one
             third
             part
             of
             your
             companie
             ,
             the
             first
             foure
             weekes
             ,
             and
             two
             third
             parts
             more
             ,
             the
             last
             fortnight
             onely
             ,
             for
             the
             often
             
             then
             and
             plentifull
             feeding
             of
             the
             Wormes
             .
             To
             inuite
             you
             to
             this
             enterprise
             ,
             you
             haue
             aboundance
             of
             choyce
             Materials
             ,
             to
             erect
             these
             Silke-lodgings
             with
             ,
             which
             will
             cost
             you
             nothing
             ,
             but
             a
             little
             labour
             ,
             to
             cut
             out
             some
             posts
             ,
             and
             to
             fit
             them
             and
             set
             them
             vp
             ;
             or
             to
             sawe
             out
             small
             quarters
             ,
             and
             rafters
             ,
             and
             plankes
             ,
             and
             boords
             ,
             to
             fence
             the
             sides
             in
             stead
             of
             walles
             ,
             and
             to
             couer
             the
             roofe
             in
             stead
             of
             tiles
             ;
             all
             which
             must
             be
             so
             close
             layd
             in
             all
             places
             ,
             one
             within
             another
             ,
             that
             no
             raine
             ,
             winde
             ,
             nor
             weather
             get
             in
             at
             any
             riftes
             or
             creuises
             to
             hurt
             the
             Wormes
             .
             Which
             the
             better
             to
             preuent
             ,
             the
             chinkes
             (
             if
             any
             be
             )
             may
             be
             all
             stopped
             ,
             euery
             where
             about
             ,
             with
             some
             loame
             or
             clay
             .
             And
             thus
             for
             their
             better
             profit
             ,
             may
             many
             Families
             (
             especially
             of
             the
             poorer
             sort
             )
             ioyne
             hands
             together
             ,
             for
             the
             speedy
             setting
             vp
             of
             these
             Silke-lodgings
             ,
             and
             for
             the
             gathering
             and
             sorting
             of
             the
             Mulbery
             leaues
             ,
             and
             for
             the
             helping
             and
             teaching
             one
             another
             to
             feed
             and
             order
             the
             Wormes
             ,
             and
             so
             worke
             ,
             and
             liue
             together
             ,
             all
             the
             Silke-haruest
             time
             ,
             and
             at
             the
             end
             of
             it
             ,
             to
             deuide
             all
             the
             Silke
             bottomes
             made
             amongst
             them
             ,
             by
             number
             ,
             weight
             ,
             or
             measure
             ,
             after
             the
             number
             and
             proportion
             of
             euerie
             Family
             ,
             and
             person
             ;
             as
             to
             some
             one
             ,
             some
             two
             ,
             some
             three
             ,
             some
             foure
             shares
             ,
             and
             so
             more
             or
             lesse
             ratably
             ,
             and
             according
             to
             their
             first
             agreements
             set
             downe
             in
             writing
             .
             Here
             also
             in
             the
             meane
             time
             ,
             for
             their
             better
             sustenance
             ,
             may
             they
             commodiously
             keepe
             neere
             about
             them
             ,
             their
             Poultry
             ,
             Swine
             ,
             and
             Milch
             cattell
             ,
             for
             milke
             and
             
             butter
             ,
             and
             spare
             their
             owne
             pastures
             neere
             home
             the
             while
             .
          
           
             Thus
             you
             see
             ,
             what
             rich
             benefits
             I
             affoord
             you
             ,
             for
             your
             small
             labour
             onely
             .
             And
             if
             I
             should
             giue
             you
             all
             things
             perfect
             ,
             without
             your
             paines
             at
             all
             ,
             I
             should
             breed
             but
             mine
             owne
             contempt
             ,
             and
             nurse
             your
             sloth
             .
             For
             these
             my
             great
             commodities
             ,
             and
             all
             other
             then
             ,
             I
             aske
             some
             little
             attendance
             of
             you
             (
             iustly
             due
             vnto
             me
             )
             to
             bring
             them
             to
             perfection
             .
             Giue
             me
             but
             two
             hand-maids
             onely
             ,
             Art
             and
             Industry
             ,
             to
             waite
             vpon
             me
             ,
             and
             I
             will
             most
             honourably
             and
             richly
             then
             endow
             both
             them
             and
             you
             .
             And
             for
             this
             purpose
             now
             (
             not
             to
             speake
             of
             Husbandry
             at
             large
             )
             I
             will
             chiefly
             commend
             the
             skill
             of
             Gardening
             ,
             to
             you
             all
             and
             euery
             one
             .
             Let
             none
             be
             ignorant
             to
             sow
             ,
             to
             set
             ,
             to
             plant
             ,
             to
             graft
             ,
             to
             manure
             ,
             to
             dresse
             ,
             and
             order
             all
             plants
             ,
             according
             to
             their
             kinds
             ,
             and
             that
             in
             proper
             grounds
             and
             seasons
             fitting
             them
             .
             This
             is
             part
             of
             that
             skill
             ,
             which
             Emperours
             ,
             Kings
             ,
             and
             Senators
             of
             
               Rome
            
             haue
             both
             writ
             of
             and
             practised
             .
             Let
             no
             man
             then
             disdaine
             it
             ,
             but
             get
             and
             peruse
             their
             and
             such
             like
             Bookes
             of
             this
             ,
             and
             other
             Husbandry
             .
             I
             know
             not
             whether
             the
             profit
             of
             it
             ,
             or
             delight
             be
             greater
             .
             Wherefore
             all
             and
             euery
             one
             in
             
               Virginia
               ,
            
             men
             and
             women
             too
             ,
             from
             the
             highest
             to
             the
             lowest
             in
             some
             proportion
             ,
             must
             know
             and
             practise
             it
             ,
             if
             they
             minde
             to
             thriue
             ,
             prosper
             ,
             and
             haue
             true
             delight
             .
             By
             Gardening
             alone
             (
             especially
             in
             these
             rich
             grounds
             and
             temperate
             Clime
             )
             may
             all
             haue
             delicate
             variety
             ,
             and
             good
             sufficiencie
             of
             sustenance
             ,
             were
             there
             nothing
             else
             ,
             for
             Summer
             and
             for
             Winter
             .
             Besides
             the
             Cassaui
             ,
             for
             
             good
             bread
             ,
             I
             might
             particularize
             the
             wholesome
             and
             great
             variety
             of
             many
             other
             nourishing
             roots
             and
             herbs
             ,
             and
             of
             other
             Garden
             and
             Orchard
             fruits
             ,
             in
             these
             hotter
             Countreys
             especially
             ,
             most
             excellent
             for
             food
             .
             And
             this
             was
             the
             chiefe
             sustenance
             of
             the
             wise
             and
             sober
             Ancients
             in
             the
             golden
             times
             .
             
               Panis
            
             and
             
               Holus
            
             (
             ⋆
             by
             a
             most
             learned
             and
             iudicious
             Writer
             )
             are
             deriued
             from
             two
             Greeke
             words
             ,
             that
             signifie
             all
             ,
             and
             the
             whole
             :
             for
             the
             Ancients
             esteemed
             (
             saith
             he
             )
             that
             if
             they
             had
             but
             bread
             and
             Garden
             fruit
             ,
             they
             had
             all
             and
             the
             whole
             ,
             and
             euery
             whit
             that
             was
             necessary
             for
             their
             food
             .
             Neither
             is
             this
             all
             for
             as
             you
             may
             be
             fed
             ,
             so
             may
             you
             bee
             clothed
             also
             ,
             by
             this
             skill
             alone
             ,
             as
             by
             the
             expert
             planting
             of
             Cotten
             ,
             Silke
             grasse
             ,
             Flaxe
             ,
             Hempe
             ,
             and
             some
             such
             other
             like
             .
             Besides
             ,
             the
             Art
             of
             planting
             well
             followed
             ,
             as
             it
             can
             ,
             so
             will
             it
             bring
             you
             to
             the
             greatest
             wealth
             aboue
             all
             things
             whatsoeuer
             else
             .
             I
             need
             not
             tel
             you
             besides
             of
             the
             Mulbery
             plants
             for
             Silkes
             ,
             the
             infinite
             treasure
             by
             planting
             Vines
             ,
             Oliue
             trees
             ,
             and
             Sugar
             canes
             ,
             for
             Wines
             ,
             Oyles
             ,
             and
             Sugars
             ,
             nor
             of
             many
             other
             rich
             Plants
             ,
             for
             Physicall
             Drugs
             ,
             Dies
             ,
             Paints
             ,
             and
             many
             other
             vses
             .
             And
             as
             for
             your
             Wine
             and
             Oyles
             to
             be
             made
             heere
             ,
             besides
             many
             other
             profits
             ,
             you
             shall
             therein
             bee
             aduantaged
             ,
             aboue
             the
             
               West-Indies
            
             also
             ,
             which
             haue
             neither
             of
             these
             two
             Commodities
             ;
             the
             King
             of
             
               Spaine
               ,
            
             in
             policie
             forbidding
             the
             planting
             of
             them
             there
             ,
             notwithstanding
             the
             Countrey
             is
             very
             proper
             for
             them
             .
             For
             they
             two
             being
             the
             great
             Staple
             Commodities
             of
             
               Spaine
               ,
            
             the
             
               Canaries
               ,
            
             and
             other
             his
             Dominions
             ,
             with
             which
             they
             abound
             ,
             and
             
             knowing
             that
             trade
             of
             Merchandize
             consists
             in
             bringing
             in
             of
             wares
             from
             one
             Countrey
             into
             another
             ,
             maintaines
             mutuall
             trafficke
             therefore
             ,
             betwixt
             his
             
               West
               Indies
            
             and
             his
             other
             Dominions
             ,
             by
             the
             taking
             of
             the
             Commodities
             of
             one
             another
             ,
             which
             cannot
             be
             done
             ,
             vnlesse
             one
             Countrey
             haue
             store
             of
             those
             Commodities
             ,
             which
             the
             other
             wants
             ;
             For
             store
             of
             the
             same
             Merchandize
             in
             all
             parts
             ,
             would
             but
             glut
             &
             hinder
             all
             .
             Wherfore
             to
             ballance
             the
             Commodities
             well
             of
             all
             his
             Dominions
             ,
             for
             the
             good
             of
             all
             ,
             the
             planting
             for
             Wines
             and
             Oiles
             in
             the
             
               West
               Indies
               ,
            
             vpon
             good
             reasons
             were
             inhibited
             .
             The
             like
             he
             doth
             in
             
               Brasilia
               ,
            
             who
             though
             they
             haue
             store
             of
             Ginger
             there
             ,
             yet
             may
             it
             not
             bee
             carried
             from
             thence
             into
             
               Spaine
               ,
            
             for
             feare
             of
             impouerishing
             them
             of
             S.
             
               Domingo
               ,
            
             whose
             chiefest
             Trade
             it
             is
             to
             get
             their
             liuings
             by
             .
             And
             the
             like
             doth
             Great
             
               Brittaine
            
             for
             you
             heere
             ,
             which
             suffer
             no
             Sheepe
             to
             be
             carried
             thither
             ,
             that
             Cloth
             might
             not
             be
             made
             there
             ,
             but
             so
             orders
             it
             for
             the
             good
             of
             both
             ,
             that
             you
             heere
             shall
             haue
             from
             thence
             ,
             her
             natiue
             Commodities
             ,
             and
             her
             Manufactures
             onely
             ,
             and
             vse
             no
             forraine
             Merchandize
             ,
             but
             such
             as
             is
             for
             health
             or
             like
             necessity
             ,
             for
             which
             you
             returne
             the
             proper
             Commodities
             of
             
               Virginia
            
             thither
             .
             Moreouer
             ,
             by
             the
             Arte
             of
             skilfull
             planting
             ,
             grafting
             ,
             transplanting
             ,
             and
             remoouing
             ,
             the
             bad
             wilde
             plants
             are
             wonderfully
             bettered
             :
             Insomuch
             ,
             as
             one
             of
             the
             best
             Authors
             of
             Husbandry
             saith
             ,
             ⋆
             that
             euery
             replanting
             or
             remooing
             of
             wilde
             plants
             (
             hauing
             regard
             to
             the
             fitnesse
             of
             the
             soile
             and
             season
             )
             is
             worth
             halfe
             a
             grafting
             :
             so
             as
             two
             remooues
             then
             ,
             are
             worth
             a
             
             whole
             grafting
             .
             One
             that
             hath
             writ
             a
             Historiosme
             ,
             sayes
             well
             and
             wittily
             ,
             ⋆
             that
             this
             remoouing
             and
             transplanting
             of
             wild
             plants
             ,
             doeth
             wonderfully
             mitigate
             and
             a
             ingentle
             them
             ,
             whether
             it
             bee
             (
             saith
             he
             )
             because
             that
             the
             nature
             of
             plants
             ,
             as
             of
             men
             ,
             is
             desirous
             of
             nouelty
             and
             peregrination
             ,
             or
             because
             that
             at
             their
             parting
             (
             from
             the
             former
             grounds
             )
             they
             leaue
             there
             that
             ranke
             wildnesse
             ,
             virulence
             ,
             and
             ill
             quality
             that
             is
             in
             them
             ,
             and
             as
             wild
             beasts
             ,
             so
             they
             become
             gentle
             by
             handling
             ,
             whilst
             the
             Plant
             is
             pluckt
             vp
             by
             the
             roote
             .
          
           
             Since
             then
             the
             transplanting
             and
             remoouing
             wild
             plants
             ,
             doe
             so
             much
             domesticate
             and
             inable
             them
             ,
             I
             need
             not
             tell
             you
             then
             ,
             how
             by
             grafting
             ,
             or
             remoouing
             only
             ,
             the
             Mulbery
             trees
             and
             wild
             Vines
             may
             infinitely
             be
             bettered
             ;
             To
             shew
             this
             ,
             I
             will
             instance
             in
             one
             Plant
             for
             all
             .
             In
             the
             printed
             Booke
             of
             the
             valuations
             of
             the
             commodities
             of
             
               Virginia
               ,
            
             Sarsaparillia
             wilde
             ,
             is
             fiue
             pound
             the
             hundred
             ,
             and
             Sarsaparillia
             domesticke
             ,
             is
             ten
             pound
             the
             hundred
             :
             so
             as
             the
             
               Spaniard
            
             hauing
             no
             other
             but
             the
             wilde
             Sarsaparillia
             at
             first
             ,
             yet
             by
             replanting
             and
             cultiuating
             it
             ,
             that
             he
             made
             it
             domesticke
             ,
             and
             so
             much
             thereby
             innobled
             it
             in
             worth
             and
             goodnesse
             ,
             as
             raised
             it
             to
             a
             double
             price
             you
             see
             .
             And
             the
             like
             is
             to
             be
             done
             with
             other
             wild
             plants
             ,
             by
             the
             often
             remoouing
             or
             grafting
             of
             them
             .
             As
             he
             then
             that
             was
             asked
             ,
             what
             was
             the
             first
             ,
             and
             chiefest
             thing
             in
             Oratory
             ,
             said
             ,
             Pronunciation
             :
             and
             being
             demanded
             what
             was
             the
             second
             thing
             in
             it
             ,
             and
             afterwards
             ,
             what
             was
             the
             third
             ,
             still
             answered
             ,
             Pronunciation
             :
             so
             if
             I
             were
             asked
             what
             were
             the
             best
             Art
             ,
             chiefly
             to
             
             aduance
             the
             Plantation
             and
             Planters
             ;
             I
             should
             answere
             as
             oft
             ,
             or
             oftner
             ,
             the
             Garden
             Art
             of
             planting
             ,
             planting
             still
             .
             I
             could
             wish
             therefore
             ,
             that
             euery
             Free-holder
             ,
             besides
             his
             proper
             profession
             ,
             should
             be
             inioyned
             to
             haue
             a
             Garden
             ,
             and
             practise
             sometimes
             Gardening
             and
             planting
             :
             And
             that
             according
             to
             the
             custome
             and
             wise
             institution
             of
             the
             Romane
             Censors
             ,
             those
             should
             bee
             seuerely
             punished
             ,
             that
             did
             not
             husband
             well
             their
             fields
             and
             Gardens
             ,
             and
             well
             culture
             their
             Vineyards
             ,
             Trees
             ,
             and
             Plants
             .
             Let
             euery
             one
             then
             in
             
               Virginia
            
             and
             the
             
               Summer
               Ilands
               ,
            
             that
             mindes
             to
             haue
             plenty
             of
             healthfull
             food
             ,
             and
             of
             good
             raiment
             ,
             and
             of
             great
             wealth
             ,
             let
             him
             begin
             to
             addict
             and
             delight
             himselfe
             ,
             in
             this
             most
             profitable
             and
             pleasing
             Art
             of
             Gradening
             and
             grafting
             .
          
           
             Now
             whereas
             the
             labor
             of
             cleering
             the
             woodded
             grounds
             heere
             in
             
               Virginia
               ,
            
             is
             supposed
             by
             some
             to
             be
             a
             hindrance
             to
             your
             profit
             ;
             it
             is
             nothing
             so
             ;
             for
             the
             many
             great
             commodities
             that
             to
             good
             husbands
             may
             arise
             ,
             by
             the
             wood
             still
             cleered
             off
             the
             grounds
             ,
             will
             with
             large
             interest
             ,
             meane
             while
             ,
             repay
             the
             cost
             and
             labour
             ,
             especially
             after
             that
             excellent
             and
             rare
             inuention
             of
             Saw-Mills
             (
             an
             incredible
             aduancement
             to
             the
             Colonie
             )
             bee
             once
             put
             in
             practice
             .
             What
             should
             I
             speake
             of
             the
             store
             of
             Timber
             ,
             so
             necessary
             for
             your
             buildings
             ,
             and
             other
             vses
             ?
             for
             Clapbord
             ,
             Pipe-staues
             ,
             and
             other
             rich
             wood
             for
             noble
             seruices
             ?
             or
             of
             the
             abundant
             store
             of
             wood
             ,
             neuer
             to
             be
             spent
             ,
             for
             your
             Iron
             workes
             ?
             and
             for
             your
             Glasse
             Furnaces
             now
             set
             vp
             ?
             for
             Pot-ashes
             ,
             and
             Sope-ashes
             ?
             for
             boyling
             of
             Sugars
             ?
             and
             
             of
             Pitch
             and
             Tarre
             ?
             and
             for
             all
             Furnace
             works
             ?
             (
             the
             great
             deuourers
             of
             fewell
             and
             destroyers
             of
             woods
             )
             besides
             ,
             of
             the
             great
             vse
             &
             profit
             of
             propping
             your
             Vines
             ,
             by
             whole
             Trees
             or
             by
             stalkes
             ?
             &
             for
             poles
             for
             the
             Hops
             which
             grow
             here
             wild
             ?
             But
             aboue
             all
             ,
             what
             endlesse
             store
             of
             excellent
             Timber
             haue
             you
             for
             the
             most
             excellent
             vse
             of
             building
             Ships
             ?
             And
             heerein
             I
             cannot
             ,
             I
             confesse
             ,
             conceale
             the
             pride
             I
             take
             in
             my
             
               Virginia
               .
            
             For
             what
             Countrey
             in
             the
             world
             againe
             ,
             abounds
             so
             plentifully
             as
             this
             ,
             with
             all
             things
             whatsoeuer
             for
             making
             Ships
             ?
             no
             one
             thing
             is
             wanting
             ;
             for
             besides
             Timber
             of
             all
             sorts
             ,
             for
             all
             vses
             in
             this
             kind
             ,
             and
             store
             of
             Masts
             ,
             no
             where
             taller
             and
             larger
             ;
             you
             haue
             tried
             Iron
             also
             of
             perfect
             goodnesse
             ,
             and
             Silke
             grasse
             ,
             Flaxe
             ,
             and
             Hempe
             ,
             as
             well
             for
             Sayles
             and
             Cordage
             ,
             as
             for
             richer
             vses
             ,
             and
             Forrests
             of
             Trees
             for
             Pitch
             and
             Tarre
             ,
             so
             as
             nothing
             for
             this
             purpose
             was
             lacking
             heere
             but
             onely
             Shipwrights
             ,
             which
             now
             also
             with
             great
             wisdome
             are
             lately
             sent
             ,
             to
             build
             you
             Boats
             and
             Pinnaces
             for
             Trade
             ,
             and
             Busses
             ,
             for
             the
             richest
             fishing
             here
             that
             all
             the
             world
             affords
             .
             Of
             Cod
             and
             Sturgeon
             ,
             of
             great
             skulls
             of
             Herring
             ,
             as
             big
             againe
             as
             those
             in
             other
             places
             ,
             and
             such
             plenty
             also
             of
             other
             excellent
             fish
             vnknowne
             to
             these
             parts
             ,
             that
             by
             credible
             report
             ,
             ⋆
             there
             haue
             beene
             5000.
             taken
             at
             a
             draught
             ,
             the
             least
             ,
             of
             two
             foot
             in
             length
             ,
             whereof
             likewise
             there
             might
             bee
             a
             great
             gaine
             made
             ,
             by
             skilfull
             salting
             ,
             pickling
             ,
             or
             drying
             of
             them
             .
             Moreouer
             ,
             besides
             the
             increase
             of
             shipping
             and
             of
             Mariners
             ,
             and
             the
             store
             of
             sustenance
             that
             this
             fishing
             may
             yeeld
             vnto
             the
             Colony
             (
             for
             which
             purpose
             therefore
             ,
             no
             housholder
             that
             
             is
             a
             good
             husband
             ,
             will
             be
             without
             his
             Fisherboats
             and
             nets
             for
             his
             owne
             prouisions
             )
             there
             be
             yet
             other
             great
             aduantages
             and
             profits
             also
             that
             it
             brings
             with
             it
             ,
             namely
             ,
             the
             fishing
             vpon
             the
             coasts
             of
             
               Virginia
               ,
            
             being
             much
             more
             timely
             then
             in
             other
             places
             ,
             your
             Marchants
             haue
             made
             their
             prime
             Markets
             ,
             and
             are
             ready
             to
             returne
             ,
             before
             others
             come
             that
             bring
             their
             fish
             from
             other
             places
             .
             To
             this
             ,
             Salt
             being
             made
             now
             in
             
               Virginia
               ,
            
             you
             shall
             with
             small
             charge
             transport
             great
             multitudes
             of
             people
             hither
             :
             for
             since
             there
             may
             well
             bee
             many
             hundred
             Saile
             imployed
             in
             fishing
             here
             ,
             people
             will
             be
             brought
             most
             part
             for
             the
             Salt
             ,
             that
             they
             lade
             heere
             for
             their
             fishing
             ,
             which
             will
             cost
             you
             but
             little
             .
             And
             by
             this
             meanes
             also
             ,
             may
             a
             double
             profit
             be
             raised
             vnto
             the
             Planters
             ,
             by
             bringing
             their
             people
             hither
             euery
             fishing
             time
             ,
             and
             as
             occasion
             serues
             ,
             taking
             some
             of
             his
             men
             here
             with
             him
             to
             helpe
             him
             fish
             ;
             which
             done
             ,
             he
             sends
             them
             backe
             againe
             vnto
             the
             Colony
             ,
             to
             follow
             his
             Commodities
             and
             other
             businesses
             heere
             .
             But
             to
             goe
             on
             now
             ,
             though
             this
             be
             granted
             by
             some
             ,
             that
             the
             store
             of
             wood
             in
             
               Virginia
            
             well
             vsed
             ,
             is
             no
             impediment
             but
             a
             matter
             of
             singular
             benefit
             to
             the
             Plantation
             ,
             yet
             others
             obiect
             some
             other
             hinderances
             by
             the
             natiue
             Sauages
             .
             But
             as
             for
             the
             many
             aduantages
             that
             arise
             ,
             rather
             by
             the
             iust
             warring
             with
             them
             ,
             and
             vanquishing
             of
             them
             (
             a
             matter
             so
             easie
             to
             bee
             done
             )
             I
             referre
             you
             to
             the
             last
             declaration
             of
             the
             State
             and
             Colony
             of
             
               Virginia
               ,
            
             where
             the
             reasons
             are
             well
             and
             fully
             handled
             .
             As
             for
             my selfe
             I
             vtterly
             disclaime
             them
             ,
             they
             haue
             done
             against
             all
             my
             Lawes
             ,
             they
             are
             most
             vnnaturall
             ,
             and
             so
             none
             of
             
             mine
             .
             And
             therefore
             they
             that
             know
             no
             industry
             ,
             no
             Arts
             ,
             no
             culture
             ,
             nor
             no
             good
             vse
             of
             this
             blessed
             Country
             heere
             ,
             but
             are
             meere
             ignorance
             ,
             sloth
             ,
             and
             brutishnesse
             ,
             and
             an
             vnprofitable
             burthen
             onely
             of
             the
             earth
             :
             Such
             as
             these
             (
             I
             say
             )
             like
             the
             
               Dai
            
             and
             
               Syri
               ,
            
             and
             such
             other
             people
             ,
             are
             naturally
             borne
             slaues
             ,
             as
             my
             chiefest
             
             Secretary
             well
             defines
             :
             And
             there
             is
             a
             naturall
             kind
             of
             right
             in
             you
             ,
             that
             are
             bred
             noble
             ,
             learned
             ,
             wise
             ,
             and
             vertuous
             ,
             to
             direct
             them
             aright
             ,
             to
             gouerne
             and
             to
             command
             them
             .
             But
             others
             now
             there
             be
             ,
             perhaps
             ,
             that
             are
             discouraged
             from
             this
             worthy
             enterprise
             ,
             by
             raylers
             and
             scoffers
             at
             this
             noble
             Worke
             ,
             men
             next
             a
             kinne
             ,
             indeed
             ,
             to
             these
             hatefull
             Sauages
             ,
             enemies
             heerein
             to
             God
             ,
             their
             King
             ,
             and
             Country
             ;
             But
             regard
             not
             them
             .
             The
             mocker
             not
             regarded
             ,
             is
             mocked
             himselfe
             .
             Goe
             on
             then
             ,
             and
             cheerfully
             proceed
             ,
             especially
             in
             those
             my
             two
             fore-praised
             great
             Commodities
             ,
             which
             if
             you
             doe
             ,
             as
             you
             know
             not
             yet
             the
             twentieth
             part
             of
             them
             that
             this
             rich
             Country
             yeelds
             ,
             so
             those
             then
             also
             ,
             I
             will
             shew
             heereafter
             to
             you
             .
          
           
             Amongst
             all
             which
             ,
             the
             most
             honourable
             and
             the
             chiefest
             is
             ,
             that
             by
             the
             industry
             of
             some
             noble
             and
             heroicke
             spirits
             (
             borne
             to
             immortalize
             their
             names
             and
             nation
             )
             a
             passage
             to
             the
             South
             Sea
             ,
             will
             ,
             beyond
             our
             Falls
             and
             Mountaines
             ,
             through
             the
             Continent
             of
             
               Virginia
               ,
            
             assuredly
             bee
             found
             .
             All
             the
             Indians
             from
             
               Canada
            
             to
             
               Florida
               ,
            
             relate
             ,
             that
             there
             is
             beyond
             the
             Mountaines
             here
             ,
             to
             the
             West
             ,
             and
             Northwestward
             ,
             a
             great
             Sea
             ,
             and
             men
             and
             Ships
             ,
             in
             shape
             and
             fashion
             like
             to
             yours
             that
             Trade
             there
             :
             So
             as
             this
             can
             be
             no
             fiction
             nor
             no
             falshood
             :
             these
             diuers
             nations
             
             being
             so
             farre
             asunder
             ,
             all
             constantly
             agreeing
             in
             the
             same
             report
             .
             By
             this
             discouery
             and
             passage
             to
             the
             South
             Sea
             found
             ,
             being
             from
             our
             Falls
             (
             by
             the
             Natiues
             relation
             hereabouts
             ,
             and
             by
             the
             iudgement
             and
             computation
             of
             most
             learned
             Mathematicians
             )
             about
             a
             fortnights
             iourney
             onely
             ,
             or
             thereabouts
             ,
             part
             to
             be
             made
             by
             land
             ,
             and
             part
             by
             water
             ,
             by
             some
             riuers
             leading
             to
             that
             Sea
             :
             what
             an
             infinite
             rich
             trade
             may
             there
             bee
             made
             from
             hence
             then
             ,
             to
             the
             
               East
               Indies
               ,
            
             to
             
               China
               ,
            
             to
             
               Cathay
               ,
            
             and
             other
             places
             in
             the
             South
             Sea
             ?
             For
             this
             passage
             ,
             as
             it
             wil
             be
             short
             ,
             safe
             ,
             and
             easie
             ,
             so
             will
             it
             not
             only
             saue
             the
             liues
             of
             many
             men
             now
             daily
             lost
             ,
             and
             spare
             much
             shipping
             of
             necessity
             wasted
             ,
             by
             the
             great
             long
             voyages
             that
             now
             are
             taken
             ,
             but
             will
             also
             bring
             great
             wealth
             and
             treasure
             ,
             trebling
             the
             gaine
             now
             got
             ,
             by
             your
             quick
             returne
             that
             will
             be
             heereby
             made
             .
             Moreouer
             also
             ,
             what
             a
             great
             rich
             Staple
             ?
             what
             a
             mighty
             Magazine
             of
             Commodities
             for
             all
             Christendome
             ,
             will
             bee
             thereby
             erected
             in
             
               Virginia
               ,
            
             and
             make
             the
             speedy
             peopling
             ,
             aduancing
             ,
             strengthening
             ,
             and
             inriching
             of
             it
             ,
             to
             the
             great
             and
             endlesse
             honour
             of
             his
             Sacred
             Maiesty
             ,
             in
             whose
             auspicious
             Raigne
             ,
             and
             by
             whose
             wisedome
             ,
             fauour
             ,
             and
             gracious
             furtherance
             ,
             this
             famous
             Worke
             is
             brought
             to
             passe
             ,
             to
             the
             vnspeakeable
             benefit
             of
             his
             flourishing
             Kingdomes
             ,
             and
             to
             the
             euerlasting
             glory
             ,
             and
             immortal
             name
             of
             them
             ,
             by
             whom
             this
             happy
             discouery
             must
             bee
             perfected
             ?
             But
             for
             this
             purpose
             ,
             I
             referre
             you
             farther
             to
             the
             Treatise
             of
             the
             West
             and
             North-west
             passage
             to
             the
             South
             Sea
             by
             
               Virginia
               ,
            
             written
             by
             that
             excellent
             Mathematician
             Master
             
               Henry
               Briggs
               ,
            
             and
             
             lately
             published
             ,
             as
             also
             to
             his
             Map
             thereof
             ,
             with
             a
             more
             large
             Discourse
             ,
             shortly
             to
             come
             foorth
             in
             Print
             .
          
           
             Lastly
             ,
             remember
             now
             and
             practise
             what
             I
             haue
             said
             ,
             and
             in
             despight
             of
             malice
             ,
             you
             shall
             finde
             all
             solid
             truth
             that
             I
             haue
             spoken
             to
             you
             .
             I
             take
             my
             leaue
             now
             ,
             and
             as
             I
             haue
             blessed
             you
             many
             wayes
             ,
             so
             giue
             I
             to
             all
             of
             you
             my
             hearty
             blessing
             .
             Prosper
             and
             farewell
             .
          
        
         
           FINIS
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           THE
           TREASVROVR
           COVNCELL
           AND
           COMPANY
           OF
           VIRGINIA
           ,
           TO
           THE
           Gouernour
           and
           Councell
           of
           State
           in
           
             Virginia
          
           residing
           .
        
         
           AFter
           our
           very
           hearty
           commendations
           :
           His
           Sacred
           Maiesty
           ,
           out
           of
           his
           high
           wisedome
           and
           care
           of
           the
           noble
           Plantation
           of
           
             Virginia
             ,
          
           hath
           been
           graciously
           pleased
           to
           direct
           his
           Letters
           to
           vs
           heere
           in
           
             England
             ,
          
           thereby
           commanding
           vs
           to
           aduance
           the
           setting
           vp
           of
           
             Silke
             workes
             ,
          
           and
           planting
           of
           
             Vineyards
          
           ;
           as
           by
           the
           Copy
           herewith
           sent
           ,
           you
           may
           perceiue
           .
        
         
           The
           intimation
           of
           his
           Maiesties
           pleasure
           ,
           wee
           conceiue
           to
           be
           a
           motiue
           sufficient
           ,
           to
           induce
           you
           to
           imploy
           all
           your
           indeuours
           to
           the
           setting
           forward
           those
           two
           Staple
           Commodities
           of
           
             Silke
             ,
          
           and
           
             Wine
          
           ;
           which
           brought
           to
           their
           perfection
           ,
           will
           infinitely
           redound
           to
           the
           honour
           ,
           benefit
           and
           comfort
           of
           the
           Colony
           ,
           and
           of
           this
           whole
           Kingdome
           :
           yet
           we
           ,
           in
           discharge
           of
           our
           duties
           ,
           doe
           againe
           renew
           our
           often
           and
           iterated
           Instructions
           ,
           and
           inuite
           you
           cheerfully
           ,
           to
           fall
           vpon
           these
           two
           so
           rich
           ,
           and
           necessary
           commodities
           .
           And
           if
           you
           shall
           finde
           any
           person
           ,
           either
           through
           negligence
           or
           wilfulnesse
           ,
           to
           omit
           the
           planting
           
           of
           
             Vines
             ,
          
           and
           
             Mulbery
             trees
             ,
          
           in
           orderly
           and
           husbandly
           manner
           ,
           as
           by
           the
           Booke
           is
           prescribed
           ,
           or
           the
           prouiding
           of
           conuenient
           roomes
           for
           the
           breeding
           of
           
             Wormes
             ;
          
           we
           desire
           they
           may
           by
           seuere
           censures
           and
           punishment
           ,
           be
           compelled
           thereunto
           .
           And
           on
           the
           contrary
           ,
           that
           all
           fauour
           and
           possible
           assistance
           bee
           giuen
           to
           such
           ,
           as
           yeeld
           willing
           obedience
           to
           his
           
             Highnesse
          
           Commands
           therein
           .
           The
           breach
           or
           performance
           whereof
           ,
           as
           we
           are
           bound
           to
           giue
           a
           strict
           account
           ,
           so
           will
           it
           also
           be
           required
           of
           you
           the
           
             Gouernour
          
           and
           
             Councell
          
           especially
           .
           Herein
           there
           can
           be
           no
           Plea
           ,
           either
           of
           difficulty
           or
           impossibility
           ;
           but
           all
           the
           contrary
           appeares
           ,
           by
           the
           naturall
           abundance
           of
           those
           two
           excellent
           Plants
           afore-named
           euery
           where
           in
           
             Virginia
             :
          
           neither
           will
           such
           excuses
           be
           admitted
           ,
           nor
           any
           other
           pretences
           serue
           ,
           whereby
           the
           businesse
           be
           at
           all
           delayed
           :
           and
           as
           we
           formerly
           sent
           at
           our
           great
           charge
           the
           French
           
             Vignerons
          
           to
           you
           ,
           to
           teach
           you
           their
           Art
           ;
           so
           for
           the
           same
           purpose
           we
           now
           commend
           this
           Booke
           vnto
           you
           ,
           to
           serue
           as
           an
           Instructour
           to
           euery
           one
           ,
           and
           send
           you
           store
           of
           them
           to
           bee
           dispersed
           ouer
           the
           whole
           Colony
           ,
           to
           euery
           Master
           of
           a
           Family
           one
           .
           Silk-seed
           you
           shall
           receiue
           also
           by
           this
           Ship
           ,
           sufficient
           to
           store
           euery
           man
           :
           so
           that
           there
           wants
           nothing
           ,
           but
           industry
           in
           the
           Planter
           ,
           suddenly
           to
           bring
           the
           making
           of
           
             Silke
          
           to
           its
           perfection
           :
           which
           either
           for
           their
           owne
           benefit
           (
           we
           hope
           )
           they
           will
           willingly
           indeuour
           ,
           or
           by
           a
           wholesome
           and
           necessary
           seuerity
           they
           must
           be
           inforced
           .
        
         
           This
           particular
           aduice
           we
           thought
           necessary
           to
           giue
           you
           ,
           lest
           that
           if
           it
           should
           haue
           come
           to
           you
           mingled
           with
           others
           ,
           you
           would
           haue
           interpreted
           it
           as
           a
           common
           Instruction
           ,
           or
           a
           businesse
           that
           was
           not
           taken
           so
           to
           heart
           ,
           as
           this
           is
           by
           vs
           ,
           and
           we
           hope
           will
           be
           by
           you
           in
           humble
           obedience
           
           to
           his
           Sacred
           Maiesties
           Royall
           Instructions
           .
           The
           paines
           and
           industry
           of
           the
           Authour
           ,
           for
           the
           benefit
           of
           the
           Plantations
           (
           being
           a
           member
           of
           our
           Company
           )
           are
           sufficient
           arguments
           of
           his
           good
           affection
           to
           the
           Action
           ,
           and
           they
           both
           deserue
           your
           best
           acceptance
           and
           ours
           ,
           that
           others
           may
           thereby
           be
           inuited
           to
           impart
           their
           knowledge
           in
           businesse
           of
           this
           and
           the
           like
           nature
           ;
           whereby
           the
           Colony
           may
           not
           onely
           bee
           supported
           for
           the
           present
           ,
           but
           brought
           to
           that
           perfection
           ,
           that
           may
           redound
           to
           the
           glory
           of
           God
           ,
           the
           honour
           of
           his
           Maiesty
           ,
           and
           the
           inestimable
           benefit
           of
           his
           noble
           Kingdomes
           ;
           which
           as
           they
           are
           the
           true
           aime
           and
           end
           the
           Aduenturers
           and
           Planters
           haue
           proposed
           vnto
           themselues
           ;
           so
           ought
           they
           to
           bee
           still
           the
           honorable
           seeds
           to
           put
           others
           also
           forward
           in
           this
           action
           :
           we
           commend
           this
           businesse
           againe
           to
           your
           speciall
           care
           .
           And
           so
           we
           commit
           you
           all
           ,
           and
           your
           waighty
           affaires
           ,
           to
           the
           protection
           of
           the
           Almighty
           .
        
         
           
             
               HENRY
            
             Southampton
             .
          
        
         
         
      
    
     
       
         Notes, typically marginal, from the original text
         
           Notes for div A68246-e1100
           
             Virginia
             in
             the
             same
             degree
             of
             latitude
             that
             Persia
             is
             .
          
           
             ⋆
             Paulus
             Venetus
             ,
             
               1.
               
            
             Booke
             ,
             
               19.
               
            
             Chap.
             
          
           
             ⋆
             Ludouicus
             Romanus
             ,
             
               3.
               
            
             Booke
             ,
             
               19.
               
            
             Chap.
             
          
           
             See
             Master
             Mu●nes
             ,
             and
             Master
             M●sseldens
             bookes
             of
             this
             
          
           
             *
             Paulus
             Venetus
             ,
             Mercator
             .
          
           
             ⋆
             Virginia
             in
             the
             same
             degree
             of
             latitude
             that
             China
             is
             .
          
           
             ⋆
             Joh.
             Bar●ius
             ,
             De●ad
             Asia●
             .
             Mercator
             .
          
           
             ⋆
             Paul
             Venetus
             .
             Mercator
             .
             Bertius
             Geograph
             .
          
           
             ⋆
             Gonsales
             Mendosa
             historie
             Of
             China
             .
             
               1.
               
            
             Booke
             ,
             
               3.
               
            
             Chap.
             
          
           
             ⋆
             Mercator
             in
             his
             description
             of
             Virginia
             saith
             ,
             that
             it
             hath
             Allom
             ,
             Niter
             ,
             Pitch
             ,
             Tarre
             ,
             Turpentine
             ,
             Iron
             ,
             Copper
             ,
             Silke
             ,
             Flax
             ,
             Hempe
             ,
             Tobacco
             ,
             and
             precious
             Stones
             .
          
           
             ⋆
             Mercator
             ,
             in
             his
             des
             〈…〉
             tion
             of
             Virginia
             .
          
           
             ⋆
             Mr.
             Perce
             ,
             the
             Cape
             Merchant
             ,
             vnder
             his
             hand-writing
             .
          
           
             ⋆
             Mendosa
             ,
             History
             of
             China
             .
          
           
             ⋆
             Agricoltura
             Giornata
             .
             
               16.
               
            
          
           
             ⋆
             Ol.
             Serres
             .
             Agricultur
             .
             Booke
             
               5.
            
             cap.
             
               15.
               
            
          
           
             ⋆
             Le
             Tellier
             memoires
             &
             instructions
             ,
             &c.
             pag.
             
               3.
               
            
          
           
             ⋆
             Ol.
             Serres
             Agricultur
             .
             Booke
             
               5.
            
             cap.
             
               15.
               
            
          
           
             ⋆
             Agostino
             Gallo
             
               6.
               
            
             Giornata
             of
             his
             Agriculture
             .
          
           
             ⋆
             The
             Brescia
             pound
             waight
             is
             twelue
             ounces
             waight
             of
             Genoa
             and
             eight
             ounces
             waight
             of
             the
             great
             ounce
             of
             Venice
             .
          
           
             ⋆
             Ol.
             Serres
             
               ibid.
               
            
          
           
             ⋆
             Le
             Tellier
             in
             his
             Booke
             of
             the
             Silke-art
             .
          
           
             ⋆
             Ol.
             Serres
             
               ibid.
               
            
          
           
             ⋆
             Augustino
             Gallo
             ,
             
               ibid.
               
            
          
           
             ⋆
             Julius
             Scaliger
             .
          
           
             ⋆
             Ol.
             Serres
             Book
             .
             
               6.
               
            
             Cha.
             
               17.
               
            
          
           
             ⋆
             Plin.
             natural
             .
             Hist
             .
             lib.
             
               17.
            
             c.
             
               10
            
          
           
             ⋆
             M.
             Purchas
             in
             his
             Pilgrimage
             .
          
           
             Arist
             .
             ●
             .
             Politic.
             〈…〉