Distant Reader - subject-yorkEngland-freebo

Introduction

This is a Distant Reader "study carrel", a set of structured data intended to help the student, researcher, or scholar use & understand a corpus.

This study carrel was created on 2021-05-25 by Eric Morgan <emorgan@nd.edu>. The carrel was created using the Distant Reader zip2carrel process, and the input was a Zip file locally cached with the name input-file.zip. Documents in the Zip file have been saved in a cache, and each of them have been transformed & saved as a set of plain text files. All of the analysis -- "reading" -- has been done against these plain text files. For example, a short narrative report has been created. This Web page is a more verbose version of that report.

All study carrels are self-contained -- no Internet connection is necessary to use them. Download this carrel for offline reading. The carrel is made up of many subdirectories and data files. The manifest describes each one in greater detail.

Size

There are 11 item(s) in this carrel, and this carrel is 15,559 words long. Each item in your study carrel is, on average, 1,414 words long. If you dig deeper, then you might want to save yourself some time by reading a shorter item. On the other hand, if your desire is for more detail, then you might consider reading a longer item. The following charts illustrate the overall size of the carrel.

Readability

On a scale from 0 to 100, where 0 is very difficult and 100 is very easy, the documents have an average readability score of 88. Consequently, if you want to read something more simplistic, then consider a document with a higher score. If you want something more specialized, then consider something with a lower score. The following charts illustrate the overall readability of the carrel.

Word Frequencies

By merely counting & tabulating the frequency of individual words or phrases, you can begin to get an understanding of the carrel's "aboutness". Excluding "stop words", some of the more frequent words include:

text, shall, yorke, english, early, city, york, may, tcp, books, lord, online, sir, parliament, england, day, london, every, majestie, great, wing, time, majesties, images, thomas, encoded, will, xml, one, phase, horse, according, transcribed, markup, county, page, support, proofread, souldiers, king, per, without, july, image, aim, printed, houses, works, thomason, changes

Using the three most frequent words, the three files containing all of those words the most are At a house holden in the Counsell Chamber upon Ouse-bridge, in the city of York, this twenty fifth day of August, in the third year of the reign of our Soueraign Lord and Lady William and Mary by the Grace of God King and Queen of England, &c. Annoq; Dom. 1691., The articles of the svrrender of the city of Yorke to the Earle of Leven, Lord Fairefax, and Earle of Manchester, on Tuesday July 16, 1644 together with an explanation of some part of the articles., and A Copy of the articles for the surender of the city of Yorke, July the 16, 1644.

The most frequent two-word phrases (bigrams) include:

early english, english books, books online, textual changes, early works, page images, text creation, creation partnership, defects per, sir thomas, asking permission, commercial purposes, text transcribed, financial support, encoded edition, markup reviewed, tiff page, pfs batch, creative commons, tcp assigned, online text, bit group, image set, proquest page, providing financial, without asking, xml conversion, work described, institutions providing, batch review, encoded text, images scanned, iv tiff, annotation includes, short title, stationer meant, tcp digital, collaborative curation, metadata enrichments, enrichments aim, digital transcription, notre dame, english short, preserves archaic, project evanston, fully proofread, standard spellings, standardized format, earlyprint project, computationally tractable

And the three file that use all of the three most frequent phrases are At a house holden in the Counsell Chamber upon Ouse-bridge, in the city of York, this twenty fifth day of August, in the third year of the reign of our Soueraign Lord and Lady William and Mary by the Grace of God King and Queen of England, &c. Annoq; Dom. 1691. The declaration of Thomas Lord Fairfax, and the rest of the lords, knights, esquires, citizens, ministers and freeholders of the county and city of York., and Terrible nevves from York declaring the barbarous actions of the cavaliers at Yorke in plundering the houses, seizing the goods and imprisoning the persons of those citizens that refuse to contribute money to maintaine a war against the Parliament : having already plundered above twenty citizens houses and imprisoned diverse of the aldermen for not contributing money to maintain the foresaid war : also how they cruelly threaten to kill diverse godly and religious ministers in the said city if they will not preach as they would have them : also the Earle of Essex his instructions to the counties of Derby, Northampton, Warwick, and diverse other counties, to stand upon their guard and raise the power of the counties to withstand the cavaliers and prevent the like miseries and calamities in other parts of this Kingdome..

While often deemed superficial or sophomoric, rudimentary frequencies and their associated "word clouds" can be quite insightful:

Keywords

Sets of keywords -- statistically significant words -- can be enumerated by comparing the relative frequency of words with the number of times the words appear in an entire corpus. Some of the most statistically significant keywords in the carrel include:

yorke, york, majesties, majestie, city, tcp, parliament, officers, lords, fairfax, earle, cavaliers

And now word clouds really begin to shine:

Topic Modeling

Topic modeling is another popular approach to connoting the aboutness of a corpus. If the study carrel could be summed up in a single word, then that word might be text, and Remarkable passages from York Friday, July 8. 1642. Concerning the marching of horse and foot towards Hull. And the manner of that counties appearance on Heworth Moore, on Thursday last before His Majestie. With the copy of a warrant from the Right Honorable the Earl of Linsey, generall of His Majesties forces, to Sir Thomas Metham knight, for the compleating of his regiments. is most about that word.

If the study carrel could be summed up in three words ("topics") then those words and their significantly associated titles include:

If the study carrel could be summed up in five topics, and each topic were each denoted with three words, then those topics and their most significantly associated files would be:

Moreover, the totality of the study carrel's aboutness, can be visualized with the following pie chart:

Noun & Verbs

Through an analysis of your study carrel's parts-of-speech, you are able to answer question beyonds aboutness. For example, a list of the most frequent nouns helps you answer what questions; "What is discussed in this collection?":

text, books, day, images, time, xml, page, works, image, changes, history, goods, words, money, city, houses, defects, transcription, part, cap, work, end, persons, keying, horse, eebo, edition, users, texts, support, purposes, markup, liberty, annotation, terms, s., review, reuse, rest, phase, pfs, permission, others, microfilm, kb, institutions, group, conversion, author, articles

An enumeration of the verbs helps you learn what actions take place in a text or what the things in the text do. Very frequently, the most common lemmatized verbs are "be", "have", and "do"; the more interesting verbs usually occur further down the list of frequencies:

be, is, have, are, was, been, were, encoded, has, being, said, according, had, aim, made, came, given, based, -, scanned, reviewed, put, providing, performed, owned, modified, edited, do, distributed, described, copied, coded, co, assigned, asking, tokenized, support, set, sent, restoring, read, publish, proofread, preserves, meant, making, includes, come, annotated, written

Proper Nouns

An extraction of proper nouns helps you determine the names of people and places in your study carrel.

yorke, york, tcp, lord, city, sir, parliament, england, london, english, majestie, wing, thomas, text, majesties, transcribed, july, thomason, king, printed, earle, john, god, fairfax, county, officers, hull, majesty, proquest, phase, partnership, library, creation, citizens, souldiers, online, march, lords, estc, commons, universal, title, tiff, strickland, sampled, qc, keyed, iv, horse, generall

An analysis of personal pronouns enables you to answer at least two questions: 1) "What, if any, is the overall gender of my study carrel?", and 2) "To what degree are the texts in my study carrel self-centered versus inclusive?"

his, their, our, we, they, it, you, them, your, i, he, us, him, my, themselves, me, himself, ours, its, her

Below are words cloud of your study carrel's proper & personal pronouns.

Adjectives & Verbs

Learning about a corpus's adjectives and adverbs helps you answer how questions: "How are things described and how are things done?" An analysis of adjectives and adverbs also points to a corpus's overall sentiment. "In general, is my study carrel positive or negative?"

other, early, such, english, textual, great, last, many, available, keyboarded, financial, commercial, true, tractable, suitable, standardized, standard, seekest, professional, free, enriched, easier, diverse, digital, collaborative, proofread, remarkable, markup, good, same, own, least, third, right, present, known, due, common, better, barbarous, vain, trusty, speciall, sixteenth, severall, religious, most, like, high, general

not, so, online, now, early, well, very, then, here, also, there, more, in, out, fully, even, above, therefore, linguistically, computationally, as, whatsoever, up, never, formerly, further, thereof, away, already, too, most, ever, onely, on, likewise, just, else, yet, together, thus, otherwise, only, long, lately, cruelly, before, all, about, typically, truly

Next steps

There is much more to a study carrel than the things outlined above. Use this page's menubar to navigate and explore in more detail. There you will find additional features & functions including: ngrams, parts-of-speech, grammars, named entities, topic modeling, a simple search interface, etc.

Again, study carrels are self-contained. Download this carrel for offline viewing and use.

Thank you for using the Distant Reader.