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ENCYCLOPAEDIA BRITANNICA
O'"
SEVENTH EDITION.
ENCYCLOPAEDIA BRITANNICA
OR
DICTIONARY
OF
ARTS, SCIENCES, AND GENERAL LITERATURE.
SEVENTH EDITION,
WITH PRELIMINARY DISSERTATIONS ON THE HISTORY OF THE SCIENCES,
AND
OTHER EXTENSIVE IMPROVEMENTS AND ADDITIONS;
INCLUDING THE LATE SUPPLEMENT,
A GENERAL INDEX,
AND NUMEROUS ENGRAVINGS.
GENERAL INDEX.
ADAM AND CHARLES BLACK, EDINBURGH;
GENERAL INDEX.
This Index is intended not merely to facilitate reference to the Articles and Treatises contained in the
Encyclopaedia, but to serve the far more important purpose of bringing into view, and directing the inquirer to
the varied information scattered through them, but not indicated by their heads or titles—a requisite which the
plan of general treatises and systems adopted in this Encyclopaedia renders particularly desirable. In this way
much information upon various topics not so indicated will be found in these Treatises; and it is obviously ol
great importance, that those making inquiries regarding such topics, should be enabled to turn at once to the
places in which that information may be found. For instance, a reader desirous of learning as much as possible
about Scotland and Scottish affairs, will not only find, under the head Scotland, a general view of the history
and statistics of the country, but be referred by the Index to many other parts of the work (such as Britain,
Fisheries, Roads, &c.), where a great variety of additional particulars are furnished. Again, as the sciences
are discussed in the Encyclopaedia under their general names, the principal details embraced by them are given
under such heads as Anatomy, Chemistry, Entomology, Metaphysics, Meteorology, &c. By consulting the
Index, therefore, the student will be saved the trouble of looking through a long treatise in search of information
upon particular points; and those, again, who are in quest of information which they might not think was to be
found under such heads, may, in the same way, be enabled unexpectedly to extend their knowledge. Those
indexes which have already been given at the end of the Preliminary Dissertations, and of the articles on the na¬
tural history of animals and some other sciences, are here embodied under one Alphabet.
It is necessary to observe, that, with the proper character of an Index, that of a Table of Contents is not here
combined. For example, under the head Scotland in the Index, no reference whatever is made to the contents
of the article so headed in the Encyclopaedia ; it being presumed that a person in quest of knowledge about Scot¬
land will commence by turning over the pages of that article, and so ascertaining its contents. But the particulars
there given enter the Index under the various heads of Agriculture, Banks, Coal, Fisheries, Iron, Libraries,
Railroads, and so forth.
The name of every subject to which an article is devoted in the Encyclopaedia, is printed in capital letters in
the Index ; and the first reference is to the volume and page where the article occurs. The immediately subsequent
references are, as generally as possible, arranged according to the fulness of the information to which they point;
and hence the probability is increased, that, by turning to the places first indicated, the reader will find the in¬
formation he desires. On subjects undistinguished by capital letters in the Index, no separate articles occur in the
Encyclopaedia.
When an article in the Index contains many references to countries and towns, the names of the latter are
alphabetically arranged, in the manner exemplified under the heads Agriculture, Army, Canals, &c. The
adoption of this plan will save time and trouble to persons consulting the Index. In many chemical articles, such
as Oxides, Sulphurets, &c., a similar arrangement is followed. References to maps are always given last.
Many French names have Le, La, De, Des, or Dm, prefixed to them; as Le Clerc, La Harpe, La Place,
De Moivre, Du Halde, Des Cartes. Sometimes both words are thrown into one ; as Laplace, Lagrange. It is
11
a question whether, in such cases, the initial letter of the prefix, or that of the distinctive word, ought to determine
the position of the name in the Index. Except where both words are usually joined, no general rule has been
strictly adhered to in the body of the work; for the most part, however, the prefix has been disregarded so that
Du Halde, for example, appears under the letter H, and Le Clerc under the letter C. In compiling the Index,
the following principle has been adopted :—Where a name is commonly printed as two words (Le Clerc, for in¬
stance), the latter determines its place in the Index; while in such cases as Laplace, Descartes, &c., the former is
followed. It may be well, however, for the reader to look at both places when any doubt is entertained.
Many individuals are better known by their titles than by their surnames ; thus, Henry Home is currently re¬
ferred to as Lord Kames, and Sir Thomas Wentworth as the Earl of Strafford. To avoid confusion, it is customary
in Biographical Dictionaries to adopt the surname as the word regulating the position of the article; and from this
sound practice there is, in the present Index, almost no deviation that the compiler’s knowledge enabled him to
avoid. As, however, some readers must be presumed to be ignorant of the surnames of men whose titles are their
ordinary designations, titles also are generally inserted, with merely a reference to the surnames. To make
inquiry secure, both ought to be consulted.
The only additional remark which seems called for is, that in proper names in which the diphthong ce or ce
occurs, the diphthong is retained, instead of being supplanted by the letter e, as is now sometimes the case. The
reader will therefore turn to iEtna, not Etna; and to iEolus, not Eolus.
J£. C.
GENERAL INDEX
A—ABA
A, the first letter of the alphabet, II. 1.
Aa, several rivers so named, II. 2.
Aahus, a town in Germany, II. 2.
Aalbobg, a Danish see, II. 2—city, ib.
Aalen, in Wirtemberg, II. 3.
Aalsmeer, a town in Holland, II. 3.
Aalten, a town in Holland, II. 3.
Aam, a Dutch liquid measure, II. 3.
Aahadot, a town in Norway, II. 3.
Aar, rivers and island so named, II. 3.
Aabassus, a town of Pisidia, II. 3.
Aarau, in Switzerland, II. 3.
Aarburg, in Switzerland, II. 3.
Aardexburg, a Dutch town, II. 3.
Aargatj, II. 3—manufactures of, XXI.
49—education in, 50.
Aarhuits, in Denmark, II. 3.
Aaron, II. 3, 4.
Aarsens (Francis), II. 4.
Aarwangen, a Swiss town, II. 4.
Aasar, a town in Palestine, II. 4.
Aaserald, a town in Norway, II. 4.
Aasi, river, II. 4.
Aastrup, a town in Denmark, II. 4.
Ab, a Hebrew and Syriac month, II. 4.
Aba, II. 5.
Ababde Arabs, II. 225 ; IX. 377.
Abacjentjm, a Sicilian town, II. 5.
Abacinare, II. 5.
Abaciscus, in architecture. III. 464.
Aback, a sea term, II. 5.
Abacot, an ancient cap of state, II. 5.
Abactors, II. 5.
Abacus, in architecture, II. 5; III. 464
—cupboard, II. 5—arithmetical in¬
strument, ib.
Abaddon, II. 9 ; XX. 155.
Abadir, in mythology, II. 9.
AkjE, a town of Phocis, II. 9.
Abaft, a sea term, II. 9.
Abagaitoutes, in Russia, II. 9.
Abaissed, in heraldry, II. 9.
Abaka (Khan), Mogul emperor, II. 9.
Abakansk, in Siberia, II. 9.
Abaeienation, in law, II. 9.
Abaleaba, II. 9.
Abalus, island, II. 9.
Abana, a Phoenician river, II. 9.
Abanga. See Ady.
Abanilea, a town in Spain, II. 9.
Abano, a town in Italy, II. 10.
Abantes, an ancient people, II. 10.
Abantias, a name of Euboea, II. 10.
Abany, a town in Hungary, II. 10.
Abaptiston, in surgery, II. 10.
Abaran, a town in Spain, II. 10.
Abarca, an ancient shoe, II. 10.
Abarim, hills in Palestine, II. 10.
Abaris, II. 10 ; VIII. 207.
Abarticelation, in anatomy, II. 10.
Abas, II. 10.
Abascia, in Georgia, II. 10.
Abassi, a Persian coin, II. 11.
Abassus, a Phrygian town, II. 11.
Abastas, a town in Spain, II. 11.
Abatamentum, in law, II. 11.
Abate, II. 11.
Abatelment, in commerce, II. 11.
Abatement, in heraldry, II. 11.
Abatis, II. 11; IX. 786.
Abaton, a building at Rhodes, II. 11.
Abator, in law, II. 11.
Abatos, near Memphis, II. 11.
Abatskaja, a Siberian town, II. 11.
Abaujvab, in Hungary* II. 11.
ABA—ABE
Abauzit (Firmin), II. 11.
Abavo, in botany, II. 12.
Abb, a term among clothiers II. 12.
Abba, II. 12.
Abbach, a Bavarian town, II. 12.
Abbadil (James), II. 12.
Abbas, Mahomet’s uncle, II. 12 —
(Schah), kings of Persia, II. 12 ; XVII.
266— Mirza, XXI. 67.
Abbassides, a race of caliphs, II. 12.
Abbateggio, a town of Naples, II. 12.
Abbe', title of, II. 12.
Abbehagsen, in Germany, II. 12.
Abbess, II. 12.
Abbeville, in France, II. 13.
Abbey, II. 13.
Abbeyboyee, an Irish town, II. 13.
Abbeyhoem, in Cumberland, II. 13,
Abbiate Graffo, in Italy, II. 13.
Abbot, II. 13.
   (Geo.), Archbishop of Canter¬
bury, II. 14.
 (Robert), II. 15.
 (C.), chosen Speaker of the House
of Commons, V. 513—his resignation,
543.
Abbots-Bromley, II. 16.
Abbotsbury, II. 16.
Abbotsford, seat of Sir Walter Scott,
XIX. 512.
Abbots-Langley, II. 16.
Abbott, Lord Tenterden, on average,
IV. 251-3.
Abbreviations, II. 16—arithmetical,
III. 543—characters of, VI. 323—in
ancient codices, VIII. 38. See Steno¬
graphy.
Abbreviators, college in Rome, II. 20.
Abbs, St, promontory, II. 20.
Abbutaes, II. 20.
Abcedary, or Abcedarian, II. 20.
Abchasien, in Asiatic Russia, II. 20.
Abdalla, Mahomet’s father, II. 20.
Abdallah, a Wahaby chief, III. 345-6.
   caliph, II. 531; III. 343.
Abdaeeatif, traveller, II. 20.
Abdalmalek, caliph, II. 21.
Abdalonymus of Sidon, II. 22.
Abdals, oriental saints, II. 22.
Abd-el-Azyz, III. 344.
Abdera, a town in Thrace, II. 22.
Abderahma, II. 22.
Abderahman III., reign of, XX. 496.
Abdest, II. 22.
Abdias of Babylon, II. 22.
Abdication, II. 22; VII. 733.
Abdollatiph,his anatomical observations,
II. 692.
Abdolmumen, II. 535.
Abdomen, in anatomy, II. 22—regions
of the, 757—muscles of the, 793, 794.
—See Entomology, Ichthyology, &c.
Abdominal viscera, diseases of, in the do¬
mestic animals, XXI. 623.
Abdominales, fishes, II. 22—their fins
and pelvis, III. 17, 18.
Abdon, an East India island, II. 22.
Abduction, in logic, II. 22.
Abductor, in anatomy, II. 23.
Abdul Medjed, sultan XXI. 417.
Abduepoor, a town in India, II. 23.
Abejar, a town in Spain, II. 23.
Abel, son of Adam and Eve, II. 23.
 (Mr), on the tea-plant, XXI. 130.
 (Thomas), II. 38.
ABE—ABI
Abela (Leonard), II. 311.
Abelard, Peter, II. 23.
Abee-Keramin, II. 23.
Abee-Mehoeah, II. 23.
Abee-Mizraim, II. 23.
Abee-Sattim, II. 23.
Abelians, a sect of heretics, II. 25.
Abelea, a town of Campania, II. 25.
Abellinum, a town in Italy, II. 25.
Abenas, a French town, II. 25.
Aben-Ezra (Abraham), rabbi, II. 25.
Abenheim, in Hesse Darmstadt, II. 25.
Aben-Meeler, rabbi, II. 25.
Abensberg, in Bavaria, II. 25.
Abensperg, in Bavaria, II. 25.
Aberavon, in Glamorganshire, II. 25.
Aberbrothick, II. 25. See Arbroath.
Aberconway, II. 26. See Conway.
Abercrombie (Dr John) on cerebral dis¬
ease, XVII. 481, 489, 493.
Abercromby (the Hon. Alexander), II.
26.
 (General), his operations in In¬
dia, V. 462.
 (Sir Ralph), II. 26—his expedi¬
tion to Holland, V. 489, 494—and to
Egypt, V. 504; VIII. 492; X. 120—
his death and character, V. 505.
Aberdare canal, XVI. 7.
Aberdeen (Old), II. 27—university,
XXI. 515 ; XIX. 719, 765—library,
XIII. 304.
 (New), 11.27—dredging machine
at, VIII. 195, 197—college library,
XIII. 304—canal to Inverury, XVI.
7 — Marischal College, XXI. 517;
XIX. 765—advocates, XIX. 760.
Aberdeenshire, II. 29, cattle of, 324—
fisheries of, IX. 601—vitrified fort in,
IX. 756.
Aberdour, a town in Fifeshire, II. 30.
Aberford, in Yorkshire, II. 30.
Abergavenny, II. 30—canal to Breck¬
nock, XVI. 9.
Abernethy (Rev. John), II. 30.
 a town in Perthshire, II. 31.
Aberration of Light, II. 31, III. 774
—discovery of, 1.569; III. 744.—Affords
another proof of the earth’s motion in
its orbit, I. 571.
  spherical, XVII. 669—of paral¬
lax, 670—chromatic, ib.—of lenses,
XVI. 395—of mirrors, 399.
Aberystwith, II. 35; VI. 137.
Abesta, II. 35.
Abethell (Mr), on ship-building, XX. 239.
Abettor, in law, II. 35.
Abex, a country of Africa, II. 35.
Abeyance, in law, II. 36.
Abgar, king of Edessa, II. 36.
Abgileus (John), II. 36. See Prester
John.
Abiad (Bahr el), II. 36, 239. See Bahr.
Abiaga, a town in Spain, II. 36.
Asians, or Abii, II. 36.
Abiathar, a Jewish high-priest, II. 36.
Abiaul, a town in Portugal, II. 36.
Abib, a Jewish month, II. 36.
Abies, the fir-tree. See Fir.
Abigeat, old law term, II. 36.
Abihu, a son of Aaron, II. 36.
Abikschan, a lake in Siberia, II. 36.
Abimelech, king of Gerar, II. 36.
 son of Gideon, II. 37.
Abingdon, a town in Berkshire, II. 37.
ABI—ABR
Abingdon (Lord), on royal prerogative,
XVIII. 519.
Abintestate, in law, II. 37.«
Abiponians, an American tribe, II. 37.
Abiram, a seditious Levite, II. 37.
Abishai, brother of Joab, II. 37.
Abjuration, II. 37.
Abla, a town in Spain, II. 37.
Abeach, a river in Germany, II. 37.
Abeacqueation, in gardening, II. 37.
Ablactation, in gardening, II. 37.
Abeanquejo, a river of Spain, II. 38.
Ablative, in grammar, II. 38 ; X. 643.
Ablay, in Tartary, II. 38.
Able (Thomas), II. 38.
Ablecti, Roman soldiers, II. 38.
Ablegmina, in antiquity, II. 38.
Abeitas, a town of Spain, II. 38.
Abloch, a river of Germany, II. 38.
Abluents, or diluents. See Diluents.
Ablution, II. 38.
Abner, father-in-law of Saul, II. 38.
Abnoba, German mountains, II. 38.
Abo, a city in Finland, II. 38 ; IV. 330
Aboard, the inside of a ship, II. 39.
Abocro, a town in Africa, II. 39.
Abod, a town in Hungary, II. 39.
Aboea, in Abyssinia, II. 39.
Abolition, in Roman law, II. 39.
Abolla, an ancient garment, II. 39.
Abon, town in ancient Britain, II. 39.
Aboras, Mesopotamian river, II. 39.
Aborigines, II. 39.
Abortion, II. 39 ; XIV. 496—penal laws
against, III. 193—sanctioned by Aris¬
totle, III. 528—practised by the New
Hollanders, IV. 209—punishment of
attempts to procure, IV. 435.
Abortive vellum, II. 40.
Abou-duck’n, bird, XVI. 560.
Aboukir, a town in Egypt, II. 40—battle
of, V. 485 ; VIII. 489, 491, 492 ; X.
120; XVI. 86.
Aboulfeda, Arabian historian, II. 40.
Aboutige, a town in Egypt, II. 41.
Abra, a Polish coin, II. 41.
Abrabanee (Isaac), rabbi, II. 41.
Abracadabra, II. 41.
Abraham, II. 41; XII. 567—legendary
tales concerning, XVII. 359.
 (Ben Chaila), rabbi, II. 41.
 (Usque), Portuguese Jew, II. 41.
 (Nicholas), a Jesuit, II. 42.
  (Mr), his mode of curing the
polarity of steel watch-balances, VI.
800.
Abrahamites, monks, II. 42.
Abrahamsdorf, in Hungary, II. 42
Abramis, fish, XII. 198.
Abranchia, worms, XI. 221.
Abrantes, a town of Portugal, II. 42.
Abuasax, II. 42.
Abrasion, II. 42.
Abraum, a kind of red clay, II. 42.
Abravannus, in Galloway, II. 42.
Abraxas, an antique stone, II. 42.
 an insect, IX. 250.
Abreast, a sea term, II. 42.
Abridgment, in literature, II. 42.
Abries, a town in France, II. 43.
Abrogation, II. 43.
Abrokani, a kind of muslin, II. 43.
Abrotonum, a town in Africa, II. 43.
Abrucenbs, a town in Spain, II. 43.
Arrud-Banya, in Hungary, II. 43.
2
INDEX
ABE—ACA
Abrus, in botany, II. 43.
Abbtjzzo, a proyince of Naples, II. 43.
Absalom, son of David, II. 44.
Abscess, II. 44 ; XVII. 127—surgical
treatment of, XX. 838—in the lower
animals, XXI. 616.
Absciss, II. 44.
Absconsa, II. 44.
Absimarus, II. 44.
Absinthiated, II. 44.
Absinthium. See Wormwood.
Absolute, II. 44. See Despotism.
Absolution, II. 44.
Absorbent, II. 44.
• medicines, II. 44.
 vessels of the human body, II.
728—discovery of the, XVII. 728. See
Lymphatics,
 vessels in plants, III. 54, 68.
 substances. Sulphuric acid, VII.
63. Whinstone, 66. Oatmeal, ib.
Absorption, function of, II. 45—by
roots of plants, III. 88, 89—lacteal,
XVII. 581, 632—lymphatic, 582, 652.
Absorptions of the earth, II. 45.
Absorus, island, II. 45.
Abstemii in Church history, II. 45.
Abstergent medicines, II. 45.
Abstinence, II. 45—the young least ca¬
pable of, III. 167. Remarkable in¬
stances of, ib.
Abstinents, a sect of heretics, II. 46.
Abstract, II. 46.
Abstraction, faculty of, II. 46 ; XIV.
622 ; XVII. 433—essential to the geo¬
meter and metaphysician, I. 6.
Absurdum (reductio ad), II. 46.
Absyrtus, in mythology, II. 46.
Abterode, in Hesse-Cassel, II. 46.
Abtiianes, II. 46
Abu and Camdu, islands, II. 47.
Abu-Arisch, on the Red Sea, II. 47.
Abubeker, caliph, II. 47 ; III. 342—the
Alcoran arranged by, II. 391.
Abucco, a weight used in Pegu, II. 47.
Abuchow, a village in Russia, II. 47.
Abu-el-Mansur, caliphs, VIII. 478.
Abukeso, II. 47,
Abukor, a Turkish town, IT. 47.
Abulahor, a Turkish town, II. 47.
Abulawo, a Russian town, II. 47.
Abulfragius (Gregory), II. 47.
Abulfazel, historian, II. 47 ; V. 705.
Abulfeda, Arabian historian, II. 40.
Abulfera, lake, XX. 516.
Abul-Hassan, his dials, VII. 759.
Abuna, II. 47.
Abundant Number, II. 47.
Abundantia, a heathen deity, II. 48.
Abus, river, now the Humber, II. 48.
Abusaid (Ebn Aljaptu), sultan, II. 48.
Abusir, a town of Egypt, II. 48.
Abusumbol, a town of Nubia, II. 48.
Abu-teman, an Arabian poet, II. 48.
Abatement, equilibrium of, XIV. 395
—construction of, 399.
Abutilon, in botany, II. 48.
Abuzow, a town in Russia, II. 48.
Abydenus on the deluge, VII. 693.
Abydos, on the Hellespont, II. 48.
Abydus, or Abydos, in Egypt, II. 48—
antiquities at, VIII. 543—Tablet of,
ib. XI. 354.
Abyla, II. 48.
Abyss, II. 48.
Abyssinia, II. 49—Bruce’s travels in, V
606—heights of mountains of, XVII.
505.
Abyssinian alphabet, II. 549—months,
VI. 661—people, II. 225, 231.
Aca, Phoenician town, II. 64.
Acacaloti, bird, II. 64.
Acacia, II. 64, 65; XVII. 784—Juice
of, XII. 26.
Acacians, heretics, II. 65.
Acacius, persons so named, II. 65.
Acad, II. 65.
Academic sect of philosophers, II. 65 ;
XVII. 431 ; XVIII. 15.
Academies, II. 65—first establishment
of, in Italy, England, and France, I.
499—their influence in promoting the
fine arts. III. 656—Danish, VII. 730
ACA—ACC
—of painting, XVI. 714-16-23-25-27-
28.
Academy of Secrets, XIV. 284, Note 2.
Royal Irish, VIII. 246.
 in ancient Athens, IV. 126.
 , French. See French.
Acadie, a name of Nova Scotia, II. 80.
Acasna, a Greek measure, II. 80.
Acsenitus, insect, IX. 222.
Acajutla, XI. 19.
Acalephae, zoophytes, XXI. 1013 their
structure, XVII. 722.
Acalephes, zoophytes, XXI. 1017.
Acamantis, a name of Cyprus, II. 80.
Acamas, son of Theseus, II. 80.
Acangis, II. 80.
Acantha, II. 80.
Acanthacese, in botany, V. 124.
Acanthocephala, zoophytes, XXI. 997.
Acanthocinus, insect, IX. 180.
Acanthomera, insects, IX. 146.
Acanthophis, serpent, XX. 154.
Acanthopoda, insects, IX. 150.
Acanthoptera, insects, IX. 179.
Acanthopterygii, II. 80; XII. 166.
Acanthopus, insect, IX. 234.
Acanthoscelis, insect, IX. 119.
Acanthurus, fish, XII. 190.
Acanthus, in architecture, II. 80.
 , Egyptian town, VIII. 545.
Acapala, a town in New Spain, II. 80.
Acapam, on the Euxine sea, II. 80.
Acapulco, II. 80 ; XIV. 814.
Acarai, a town of Paraguay, II. 80.
Acarauna, fish, II. 81.
Acarnania, in Greece, II. 81.
Acaron, a town of Palestine, II. 81.
Acarus, genus of arachnides, III. 368.
Acastus, in classic history, II. 81.
Acatalectic verses, II. 81.
Acatalepsy, II. 81.
Acatery, II. 81.
Acatharsia, II. 81.
Acathistus, hymn, II. 81.
Acatium, ancient boat, II. 81.
Acaulis, in botany, II. 81.
Acbar, IV. 731; XI. 410.
Acca (Saint), II. 81.
Accalia, Roman festivals, II. 81.
Accapitare, in law, II. 81.
Accapitum, II. 81.
Accedas ad Curiam, II. 81.
Acceleration, II. 81—of falling bodies,
ib.—of the fixed stars, planets, and
moon, 83—accelerated motions, VIII.
367—accelerating forces, 370.
Accendentes, II. 83.
Accendones, gladiators, II. 83.
Accensi, II. 83.
Accension, II. 83.
Accent, II. 83—Greek accents, XVII.
405.
Accentor, bird, XVI. 576.
Acceptance, in commerce, II. 86.
Accepter, II. 86.
Acceptilation, II. 86.
Accession, in law, II. 86.
Accessory, II. 86—nerves, ib.
Acciaioli (Donato), II. 86.
Accident, II. 86, 87.
Accidental effects, II. 87—colours, ib.
—point, ib.
Accipiter, hawk, II. 87. See Hawk.
Accipitres, II. 87.
Accismus, II. 87.
Accius (Lucius), Latin poet, II. 87.
——, poet of the 16th century, II87
Acclamation, II. 87.
Acclivity, II. 88.
Accola, II. 88.
Accolade, in chivalry, II. 88.
Accole'e, II. 89.
Accolti (Benedict and Francis), II. 89.
Accommodation, II. 89.
Accompaniment, in music, II. 89 ; XV.
644—in painting, &c., II. 89.
Accomplice, II. 89.
Accomplishment, II. 89.
Accord, in painting, II. 89.
Accorso (Francis), lawyer, II. 89.
 (Mariangelo), critic, II. 90.
Account, II. 90.
Account-current, IV. 790.
ACC—ACH
Account-sale, IV. 782.
Accountant, II. 90.
Accountant-General, II. 90.
Accretion, II. 90.
Accroche, in heraldry, II. 90.
Accubation, II. 90.
Accubitor, II. 90.
Accumulation, II. 90.
Accursed, IT. 91.
Accusation, II. 91.
Accusative case, II. 91 X. 642.
Ace, II. 91.
Aceldama, II. 91; IV. 710.
Acentetum, rock crystal, II. 91.
Acephala, moliusca, XV. 365—structure
of, XVII. 719.
Acephali, II. 91.
Acephalous, II. 91.
Acephalus, II. 92.
Acequara, a town of Naples, II. 92.
Acequaria, a town of Modena, II. 92.
Acequi, an Italian city, II. 92.
Acer, the maple tree. See Maple.
Acera, town in Spain, II. 92.
Acerb, II. 92.
Acerenza, a town of Naples, II. 92.
Acerina, fish, II. 92 ; XII. 169.
Acerinese, in botany, V. 102.
Acerno, a town of Italy, II. 92.
Acerra, II. 92.
Acescent, II. 92.
Acesines, a river in India, II. 92.
Acesius, bishop, II. 92.
Acetabulum, II. 92, 767, 789.
Acetary, II. 92.
Acetic acid, VI. 427.
  ether, VI. 440.
Acetosa, sorrel, II. 93.
Acetosella, II. 92.
Acetous, II. 92.
Acetum, vinegar. See Vinegar.
Ach^ea, a town of Rhodes, II. 92.
Aon .u a ns, II. 92—army of the Achtean
league, III. 588.
Ach^menes, II. 93.
Ach^eus, II. 93.
Achafalaya, river, II. 93.
Achaia, II. 93.
Achaius, king of Scotland, II. 93.
Achalalactli, II. 93.
Achan, II. 93.
Achane, II. 93.
Acharaca, a town in Lydia, II. 93.
Achard (Mr), on the force of adhesion,
II. 151—on the influence of electri¬
city on putrefaction and fermentation,
VIII. 633—on capillary attraction,
XII. 45—his pyrometer, XVIII. 749
—his experiments on the elastic force
of steam, XX. 583.
 (C. F.), on bibliography, IV. 632.
Acharius (Dr) V. 79.
Achat, in law, II. 93.
Achates, II. 93.
Achatina, in conchology, XV. 346.
AcHAziB,a town of Galilee, II. 93.
Acheen, in Sumatra, II. 93.
Achelous, II. 95.
Achenium, in botany, V. 48.
Achenwall (Gottfried), II. 95.
Acher, a river of Baden, II. 95.
Acheri (Luke ds), II. 95.
Achern, a city of Baden, II. 96.
Acherner, star, II. 96.
Acheron, II 96.
Acherset, an ancient measure, II. 96.
Acherusia Palus, II. 96.
Achiar, II. 96.
Achicolum, II. 96.
Achill Island, XIV. 338.
Achillea, II. 96.
Achilleid, a poem of Statius, II. 96.
Achilles, II. 96 ; character of, XVIII.
149—Tendo Achillis, II. 96.
Aciiillini (Alox.), II. 96—his anatomi¬
cal discoveries, 693.
Achiotte, a drug, II. 96.
Achiropoetos, II. 96.
Achirus, fish, XII. 221.
Achius, in zoology, XIV. 142.
Achmet, an Arabian author, II. 96.
Achmet I., II., III., emperors, II. 96,
97 ; XXI. 412, 413,
ACH—ACQ
Achmet Geduc, Turkish general, II. 97.
   Pacha, IV. 772.
Achmetschet, in the Crimea, II. 97.
Achmim, a town in Egypt, II. 97.
Achonry, a town in Sligo, II. 97.
Achor, II. 97.
Achromatic, II. 79—telescopes, ib.
XVI. 362—construction of a triple
achromatic object-glass, XXL 158.
Achteling, German measure, II. 105.
Achtyrka, a Russian city, II. 105.
Aciiyr, a Russian town, II. 105.
Achzib, a town of Galilee, II. 93.
Aci, II. 105.
Acicanthera, II. 105.
Aciculie, II. 105.
Acidalius (Valens), critic, II. 105.
Acidalus, II. 105.
Acidity, II. 105.
Acidoton, II. 105.
Acids, II. 105 ; VI. 425—vegetable, 450
—mineral, XV. 137—their alimentary
qualities, VIII. 24—their specific gra¬
vity, XII. 26.
Acid ethers, VI. 439—poisons, XIV. 503;
XVIII. 176.
Acidulze, II. 105.
Acidulated, II. 105.
Acidulous, II. 105.
Acidum aereum, II. 105.
 pingue, II. 105.
Acilius Glabrio (Marcus), II. 106.
Acilius, insect, IX. 135.
Acinodendrum, II. 106.
Acinos, in botany, II. 106.
Acinus or Acini, II. 106, 749.
Acipenser, fish, XII. 230.
Acis, river, II. 106—its source, 202
 , in mythology, II. 106.
Ackerblad on Coptic, XI. 315.
Ackermann (John C. G.), II. 106.
Acknowledgment, II. 106.
Aclides, a Roman weapon, II. 106.
Aclowa, in botany, II. 106.
Aclysia, genus of Arachnides, II. 369.
Acme, II. 106.
Acmelia, II. 106.
Acmite, specific gravity of, XII. 26.
Acnida, II. 106.
Acnua, II. 106.
Aco, a town of Peru, II. 106.
Acoemet^e, II. 106.
Acoluthi, II. 106.
Acoluthus on Coptic, XI. 313.
Acolutte (Mr), on a flight of ants at
Breslau, III. 243.
Acolythia, II. 107.
Acominatus (Nicetas), II. 107.
Aconcagua river, VI. 523.
Aconcroba, a plant, II. 107.
Aconiti, II. 107.
Aconitum, II. 107.
Acontias, serpent, II. 107; XX. 123.
Acontium, a Greek dart, II. 107.
Acontius of Cea, II. 107.
 (James), II. 107.
Acorn, II. 107.
Acorus, II. 107.
Acosta (Christopher), VII. 383.
 (Joseph d’), II. 107.
 (Uriel), II. 108.
Acostan, island, II. 109.
Acotyledones, in botany, V. 90, 138.
Acotyledons, III. 72
Acotyledonous plants, V. 53.
A’Court (Sir William), V. 552.
Acousmatici, II. 109.
Acoustic, II. 109—disciples, ib.—ducts,
ib.—vessels, ib.
Acoustics, II. 109—theory of vibra¬
tions, I. 612—principles on which
music is founded, ib.—different de¬
grees of sensibility possessed by the
organs of seeing and hearing, ib.—echo,
VIII. 396—propagation of sound in
the air, XX. 482—results of various
experiments on the velocity of sound,
ib.—speaking trumpet, XXI. 390-
Hearing trumpet, 398. See Echo,
Hearing, Music, Sound, Trumpet.
Acqs, a town in France, II. 124.
Acquapendente, a town in Italy. II.
124
INDEX
3
ACQ—ACT
Acquabia, a town in Italy, II. 125.
Acquest, in law, II. 125.
Acqui, a province and town in Italy, II.
125.
Acquisition, II. 125.
Acquisitiveness, XVII. 463.
Acquittance, II. 125.
Acba, II. 125,
Acrasa, insects, IX. 241.
Aceagas, or Agrigentum; which see.
Aceasia, II. 125.
Acee, a town in Palestine, II. 125;
XVI. 744—taken hy Saladin VIII.,
482—retaken hy the Crusaders, ib.;
XVI. 757 — defence of, against the
Mamlouks, 759—Bonaparte’s siege of,
V. 489; VIII. 490; X. 112; XVI.
759—taken by Mehemet Ali, XXI. 64.
 , or lack, in Hindustan, II. 126.
 , land-measure, II. 126.
Acee-fight, II. 126.
Aceibeia, II. 127.
Aceidophagi, or locust-eaters, II. 127.
Aceisius, II. 128.
Acrita, IX. 94.
Aceitas, II. 128.
Aceoamatic, II. 128.
Aceoamatici, II. 128.
Aceoatic lectures of Aristotle, II. 128.
Aceobates, rope-dancers, II. 128.
Aceobatica, II. 128.
Acrocera, insects, IX. 270.
Aceoceeaunia, II. 128.
Aceocheeismus, II. 128.
Acrochordus, serpent, XX. 146.
Acrocinus, insect, IX. 179.
Aceocoeinthus, II. 128.
Acrological hieroglyphics, XI. 362.
Aceomion, in anatomy, II. 128.
Aceomonogeammaticum, II. 138.
Aceon, a physician, II. 128—African
kingdom, ib.
Aceonicae, II. 128.
Aceopolis of Athens, II. 128 ; IV. 120.
See Athens.
Acbopolita (Geo.), II. 128.
Acbospibe,II. 129; V. 235—Acrospired,
II. 129.
Aceostic, II. 129.
AckostichuJi, II. 129.
Aceostolium, II. 129.
Aceoteleutic, II. 129.
Aceoteeia, in architecture, II. 129 ; III.
464.
Acbothymion, II. 129.
Acrydium, insect, IX. 193.
Act, II. 129—of faith, ib.—in the dra¬
ma, ih.
Acts of Pabliament, II. 130—form of
passing, IV. 640—defectively framed
in England, XIII. 169.
Acts of the Apostles, II. 130.
Acts of Pilate, II. 131.
Acta Consistorii—Diurna—Populi —
Senatus, II. 130.
Act*, II. 131.
Act*a, II. 131.
Actason, II. 131.
Actian games, II. 131.
Actiar, bay of, IV. 661.
Actinia, II. 131—structure of, XVII.
722.
Actiniadse, zoophytes, XXI. 1022.
Actinolite, XV. 154—specific gravity of,
XII. 26.
Actinometer, XXI. 241.
Actio, in Roman antiquities, II. 131.
Action, II. 131—in commerce, &c., 132.
  in mechanics, II. 132—always
equal and opposite to reaction, XVII.
569. See Dynamics.
Actionaby, II. 132.
Actium, II. 132—era of, VI. 660—battle
of, XIX. 399.
Actius, II. 132.
Active, II. 132—verbs, ib.
Activity, II. 132—love of, VIII. 55.
Acton, a village in Middlesex, II. 132.
Actoe, in fabulous history, II. 133.
Actora, insect, IX. 288.
Actoes, II. 133—their rank in Greece,
VIII. 148, 152—in Rome, 152—their
fate in England during the Civil Wars,
ACT—ADD
170-1—effect of the monopoly of the
London theatres on, 179.
Actoeum tabulse, II. 133.
Actresses, their first introduction on the
English stage, VIII. 171—their cha¬
racter in reign of Charles II. 172.
Actual, II. 133.
Actuaei* naves, II. 133.
Actuaeius, a Greek surgeon, II. 133—
XX. 825.
 , officer so entitled, II. 133.
Actuate, II. 133.
Actus, II. 133.
Actynolite, mineral, XV. 154 ; XII. 26.
Acuanites, II. 133.
Aculeata, insects, IX. 227.
Aculeate, II. 133.
Aculei, II. 133.
Aculee, II. 133.
Aculeu, lake, VI. 524.
Acumina, II. 133.
Acuna (Christopher d’), a Spanish Je¬
suit, II. 133.
Acupunctuee, II. 133.
Acus, II. 133.
Acute, II. 134—angle, &c., ib.—har¬
monics, II. 122.
Acutiatoe, II. 134.
An, II. 134. Ad bestias—hominem—
ludos—metalla—valorem, ib.
Adage, II. 134.
Adagio, II. 134.
Adalia, XIX. 652.
Adalides, II. 134.
Adam, II. 134—his original state, XXI.
211. .
   (Dr Alex.), II. 135—an error
of his about codicils, VI. 709—Dr
Stuart’s attack on his Latin Grammar,
XX. 781.
 (Melchior), II. 137.
 (Robert), II. 137—his architec¬
tural works, III. 430.
Adam’s Apple, Bridge, and Peak, II. 138.
Adamant, II. 138. See Diamond.
Adamantine spar, in mineralogy, XV.
155.
Adamic eaeth, II. 138.
Ad ami pomum, II. 138.
Adamites, II. 138.
Adams, a township in Massachusetts, II.
139.
 (Daniel), V. 474.
 (John), an American statesman,
II. 139.
 (Mr), on pericarditis, XVII. 483.
Adamshide, II. 140.
Adamson (Patrick), II. 140.
Adamus, II. 141.
Adana, II. 141.
Adanson (Michael), II. 141—his bota¬
nical labours, V. 90—on conchology,
XV. 331.
Adansonia, II. 143.
Adae, a Hebrew month, II. 143.
Adaece, II. 143.
Adaecon, II. 143.
Adabme, II. 143.
Adatais, II. 143.
Adcoedabiles Denaeii, II. 144.
Adcbescentes, II. 144.
Adda, river, II. 144.
Addephagia, II. 144.
Addeb, II. 144.
Addexteatoees, II. 144.
Addice, II. 144.
Addicti, II. 144.
Addiction, II. 144.
Addictio in diem, II. 144.
Addington (Henry), V. 455—his ad¬
ministration, V. 497—his alteration
of the sinking fund, X. 245.
Addison (Lancelot), II. 144
  (Joseph), II. 144—his opinion
of the w’orks of Hobbes, I. 42—his
censure of the French writers of his'
age, 55—his reputation as a philoso¬
pher has suffered by the beauty and
clearness of his style, 83—value of his
essays in widening the circle of men¬
tal cultivation, 160-1—his papers on
the pleasures of imagination, 161—
Reasons for his being thought super-
ADD—ADJ
ficial, ib.—Quotation from, concern¬
ing ideas, with Dr Blair’s remarks
thereon, 272—precision of his views
relative to colours, 273—his definition
of “fine writing,” 162—merits of his
style and writings, ib.—his argument
for the immortality of the soul, ib.
—on the care with which Nature
disseminates her blessings, 163—on
dreams, III. 307, note; VIII. 188,191
—on beauty, IV. 485—his connexion
with Budgell, V. 638—his dialogue,
VIII. 2—on pleasure from descrip¬
tions of distress, VIII. 54—absurdities
in his “ Cato” from the preservation
of the unity of place, VIII. 161—cha¬
racter of that play, 174—his want of
poetic genius, XX. 170—his poetry,
XVIII. 172—his quarrel with Pope,
XVIII. 403—on wit, XXL 905.
  (Thos.) on navigation, XV. 749
Additament, II. 147.
Addition, in law, distilling, and he¬
raldry, II. 147—in algebra, 428, 432
—in arithmetic, III. 543—of vulgar
fractions, III. 558—of decimals, 560,
562, 563—of estate, degree, and place,
II. 147.
Addeess, II. 147.
Adducent muscles, II. 147.
Adeb, an Egyptian weight, II. 147.
Adel, a kingdom in Africa, II. 147.
Adela, insect, IX. 253.
Adelaide (Port), settlement at, XXI. 722.
Adelfoes, a town in Sweden, II. 148.
Adelium, insect, IX. 166.
Adelme, bishop of Sherburn, II. 148.
Adelnau, a circle in Prussia, II. 148.
Adelon, his classification of animal func¬
tions, XVII. 590.
Adelphiani, II. 148.
Adelscalc, II. 148.
Adelsheim, II. 148.
Adelso, II. 148.
Adelung (John C.) II. 148—on the af¬
finities of language, XIII. 72, et seq.
Ademption, II. 150.
ADEN,an Arabian city, II. 150 ; III. 341.
Adenantheea, II. 150.
Adenau, a circle in Prussia, II. 150.
Adenbueg, II. 150.
Adenogeaphy, II. 150.
Adenoides, II. 150.
Adenology, II. 150.
Adenos, II. 150.
Adeona, II. 150.
Adephaga, insects, IX. 111.
Adephagia, II. 150.
Adeps, fat, II. 150.
Adepts, II. 150.
Adeebijan. See Adirbeitsan, II. 152.
Adeeno, a Sicilian city, II. 151.
Ades, or Hades, II. 151.
Adessenaeians, II. 151.
Adfiliation, II. 151.
Adha, II. 151.
Adherbal, XVI. 305.
Adhesion, II. 151.
Adhesiveness, phrenological faculty of,
XVII. 462.
Adhil, II. 152.
Adiantum, II. 152.
Adiaphoeists, II. 152.
Adie (Alex.), his sympiesometer, IV.
394.
 (Alex. J.), on expansion of stone,
XI. 188—his pyrometer, XVIII. 748.
 (John), his hygrometer, XII. 124.
 (R.),his anemometer, XVII. 539.
Adige, river, II. 152; XII. 485 ; XIII.
469.
Adipocebe, II. 152.
Adipose tissue of the human body, II.
152, 715; XVII. 597.
Adiebeitsan, a province of Persia, II.
152.
Adit, II. 152.
Adjazzo, a Corsican town, II. 152.
Adjectives, II. 152; X. 667—compari¬
son of, 669, 684.
Adjouenment, II. 152.
Adjudication, in Scottish law, II. 152.
Adjunct, II. 152.
ADJ—AD V
Adjutant, II. 153—Adjutant-General,
ib.; III. 618.
 , bird, XVI. 619.
Adjutoeium, II. 153.
Adle-eggs, II. 153.
Adlegation, II. 153.
Adler, on Coptic, XI. 315.
Adlocution, II. 153.
Admanuenses, II. 153.
Admetus, IX. 312.
Adminicle, II. 153.
Adminiculatoe, II. 153.
Administeation, II. 153.
Administeatoe, II. 153.
Admieabilis sal, II. 153.
Admibal, II. 153 ; XVI. 51—^promotion
to the rank of, V. 447—Turkish, XXI.
422.
Admiealty, High Court of, II. 156—
Scotch court of, XIX. 757; XIV. 248.
 office, London, XIII. 543.
 signals, XXL 137.
 Bay, II. 159—Inlet, ib.—Islands,
ib.; IV. 212.
Admonition, II. 159.
Admont, an Austrian town, II. 159.
Adnata, II. 159.
Adnoun, II. 159.
Adolecera, insects, IX. 140.
Adolescence, II. 159 ; XIV. 206, 493.
Adollam, II. 159.
Adolphus Frederick, king of Sweden,
XXL 26.
Adolphus (Gustavus). See Gustavus.
Adom, an African state, II. 159.
Adon, a village in Hungary, II. 159.
Adonai, II. 159.
Adonia, feasts in honour of Venus, II.
159.
Adonides, II. 159.
Adonis, II. 159 ; XV. 664.
Adonists, II. 160.
Adoptiani, a sect of heretics, II. ICO.
Adoption, II. 160.
Adoptive, II. 161.
Adoeation, II. 161.
Adoeea, II. 162.
Adorium, insect, IX. 184.
Adosculation, II. 162.
Adossee, in heraldry, II. 162.
Adouan, Arabian tribe, HI. 330.
Adoub, river, II. 162—navigation of,
XVI. 7.
Adowa, an Abyssinian town, II. 162, 55.
Adoxa, in botany, II. 162.
Adea, a seaport in Spain, II. 162.
Adeachne, in botany, II. 162.
Adeammelech, II. 162.
Adramyttium, II. 162.
Adeastea, II. 162.
Adeastus, II. 162 ; VII. 474.
Adeazzo, II. 162.
Adeia, a city of Italy, II. 162.
Adeian, or Hadrian, Roman Emperor,
II. 162. See Hadrian.
 , Popes so named, II. 163-4.
  (Cardinal), II. 165 ; XX. 501.
Adriani (Joanni Battista), II. 165.
Adeianists, a sect of heretics, II. 165.
Adrianople, a city in Turkey, II. 165.
Adrianum, or Adriaticum Mare, II. 165.
Adripalda, a Neapolitan city, II. 165.
Adrogation, in Roman antiquities, II.
165.
Adsidella, II. 165.
Adstriction, II. 165.
Adula, a mountain in Rhaetia, II. 166.
Adule, or Adulis, Egyptian town, II.
166, 50, 51.
Adult, II. 166.
Adulteration, II. 166—of coin, ib.—of
food, XIV. 508.
Adulterine, in the civil law, II. 166.
Adultery, II. 166—its punishment in
China, VI. 558.
Advanced ditch, II. 165—guard, ib.
Advent, in the calendar, II. 165.
Ad ventrem inspiciendum, II. 165.
Adventure Bay, II. 165.
Adventurers, II. 166.
Adverbs, II. 166; X. 669, 684.
Adversaria, H. 166.
Adversative, II. 160.
4
INDEX,
ADV—iEPI
JEPI—AFF
AFF—AGE
AGE—AGR
Advebsatok, II. 166.
Advertisement, II. 166.
Advocates, II. 167-8—English, VII.
430—Scotch, VIII. 419; XIX. 760;
IV. 408—their library in Edinburgh,
VIII. 419; XIII. 300.
Advocate (Lord), in Scotland, II. 168 ;
XII. 724.
Advocation, a process in Scottish law,
II. 168.
Advowee, II. 168.
Advowson, II. 169 ; VIII. 789.
Ady, a kind of palm-tree, II. 169.
Adynamia, II. 169.
Adynamon, II. 169.
Adytum, II. 169.
Adze, II. 169.
Ae, or JE, diphthong, II. 169.
jEacea, II. 169.
jEacus, II. 169.
iEBUDiE, II. 170.
JEchmolotabcha, II. 170.
Edes, II. 170—insect, IX. 259.
JEdicula, II. 170.
Edile, Roman magistrate, II. 170.
jEdilitium edictum, II. 170.
iEDITUUS, II. 170.
.Egades, islands, II. 170.
JEgagropiua, II. 170.
TEgean sea, II. 170.
Egeus, king of Attica, II. 170; IV. 143.
Egialia, insects, IX. 154.
Egias, II. 170.
Egida, a town of Istria, II. 170.
Egieops, II. 170.
Egimurus, an island near Carthage, II.
171.
Egina, II. 171—coins of, XIV. 469.
Egineta (Paulus), surgeon, II. 171.
Eginhard, secretary of Charlemagne,
II. 171.
Egipan, II. 171.
Egiphila, II. 171.
Egis, in ancient mythology, II. 171.
Egisthus, II. 172.
Egium, II. 172.
Egobolium, II. 172.
Egoeera, insects, IX. 244.
Egopodium, II. 172.
Egospotamos, river, II. 172—battle of,
IV. 160.
Egyptiacum, II. 172.
Egyptieea, II. 172.
Egyptus, II. 172.
Aeinautas, II. 172.
Elfric, II. 172.
Elia Capitolina, II. 172 XII. 576 ;
XIX. 408.
Elian (Claudius), II. 172—his Natural
History, XIV. 75—Gesner’s edition of
his works, X. 492.
Elius Gallus, his expedition into Arabia,
HI. 341.
Aeltere, a Flemish town, II. 172.
Elubus, an Egyptian deity, II. 172.
Em, a German liquid measure, II. 172.
Emilies (Paulus), II. 172 ; VI. 198.
Emobolium, II. 173.
Emodjs, II. 173.
Eneas, II. 17 3—character of,XVIII.149.
 Sylvius (Pope). See Pius II.
Eneatores, II. 173.
Eneid, Virgil’s, II. 173. See Virgil.
Aenezes, Arabian tribes, III. 330.
Engia, island, II. 173.
Enigma, II. 173.
Enigmatography, II. 173.
Enithologius, II. 173.
Enos, mount, XII. 341.
EoniE Insulae, II. 173.
Eolian harp, XV. 613.
Eolic dialect, II. 173; XVII. 404, 408
—digamma, II. 173—verse, 174.
Eolipile, in hydraulics, II. 174.
Eolis, or Eolia, II. 174.
Eolus, god of the winds, II. 174.
Eon, II. 174.
Eora, a kind of exercise, II. 174.
Epinus (F. U. T.), II. 174—his theory
of the principle upon which depend
the phenomena of electricity and mag¬
netism, I. 627—on electricity, VIII.
571-2—the inventor of electrical con¬
densers, 651—on magnetism, XIII.
689, 706, 773—his artificial magnets,
757.
Equimelium, II. 176.
Era, in chronology, II. 176. See Era.
Erarium, II. 176.
Erarius, II. 176.
Aeria, the ancient name of Egypt, II.
176.
Adrians, heretics, II. 176.
Eris (Flos), II. 176.
Aernen, a Swiss town, II. 176.
Aerography, II. 176.
Aerolite, II. 176. See Meteoric Stones.
Aeromancy, II. 176 ; VIII. 58.
Aerometry, II. 176.
Aeron, river, VI. 137.
Aeronautica, II. 176.
Aeronautics, II. 177. See Balloon.
Aerophylacea, II. 176.
Aerschot, a city in the Netherlands, II.
196.
Eruginous, II. 196.
Erugo, rust of copper, II, 196.
Eruscatores, anciept strolling beggars,
II. 196.
Aerzeele, a town of West Flanders, II.
196.
Aerzen, in Hanover, II. 196.
Es uxorium, II. 196—Es per et libram,
ib.
Esalus, insect, IX. 162.
Eschines, an Athenian philosopher, II.
196.
 , orator, II. 196—his oratory,
XIX. 216.
Eschinite, specific gravity of, XII. 26.
Eschrion, VI. 189.
Eschylus, II. 196; XX. 448—his im¬
provements of the Greek drama, VIII-
144—effects of the performance of his
tragedy the Eumenides, 146—charac¬
ter of his works, 148—Stanley’s edi¬
tion of them, XX. 562.
Esculapius, II. 197—his surgical skill,
XX. 820.
Eshna, insect, IX. 210.
Esop, the Phrygian, II. 197—his Fables,
XXI. 443.
 (Clodius), Roman actor, II. 198.
Esthiology, comparative, III. 21.
Estii, X. 473.
Estimatio capitis, II. 198.
Estival, II. 198.
Estuaria—Estuaries—Estuary, II.
198.
Esymnium, II. 198.
Aeth, II. 198 ; IV. 113.
Ethalia, the ancient name of Elba, II.
198.
Ethelmare, II. 365.
Ethelstan. See Athelstan.
Ether, II. 198 ; IV. 384, 389.
Ethereal, II. 199.
Ethiopia, II. 199. See Ethiopia.
Ethrioscope, VI. 761; VII. 752; XIV.
740 ; XVII. 537—its importance, VI.
763.
Etian, Roman general, XIX. 422.
Aetians, heretics, II. 199.
Etides, or eagle-stone, II. 199.
Etiology, II. 199 ; XIV. 522.
Aetion, Greek painter, II. 199.
Aetius, the Arian, II. 199.
 ■, physician, II. 199—on the medi¬
cal qualities of the magnet, XIV. 2—
on surgery, XX. 824.
 , governor of Gaul, II. 199.
Etna, II. 199 ; XV. 701—exportation
of snow from, VII. 59—geological phe¬
nomena on, VII. 454—eruptions of,
XVII. 513.
Etolarcha, II. 208.
Etolia, II. 208.
Afer (Domitius), Roman orator, II. 209.
Affa, an African weight, II. 209.
Affection, II. 209—cultivation of the
domestic affections, HI. 261—effects
of custom on, VII. 558.
Afferers, II. 209.
Affettuoso, II. 209.
Affiance, II. 209.
Affidavit, II. 210.
Affiliation, XIV. 494.
Affinity, a relation contracted by mar¬
riage, II. 210.
 , chemical, VI. 356—vital or or¬
ganic, XVII. 137, 593, 595, 652.
•  of languages, XIII. 7 0 ; XVII.
354, et seq. ; XV. 599.
Affirmation, II. 210.
Affirmative, II. 210.
Affix, II. 210.
Afflatus, II. 210.
Afforesting, II. 210.
Affray, II. 210.
Affrontee, in heraldry, II. 210.
Affusion, II. 210.
Afgans, their war with the Mahrattas,
XI. 412.
Afghanistan, H. 210.
Afragola, a Neapolitan town, II. 219.
Afranius (Lucius), a Latin poet, II.
219.
Africa, II. 219—America probably in
part peopled from, 634—ants in, III.
241—Clapperton’s 'discoveries in, VI.
723—complexions of the natives of,
VII. 190—cotton manufacture in, 406
—love of dancing in, 613—trade with
England, VIII. 779, 781—insects of,
IX. 99—ancient circumnavigations of,
X. 389—unexplored regions in, 402—
languages of, XIII. 92 ; XVII. 423—
variation of the needle in, XIII. 734,
736, 738—heights of mountains of,
XVII. 505, 556—volcanoes of, 512—
parched winds, 541—animals, 551—
course of rivers, XIX. 252-^serpents
of, XX. 133, 135—slave-trade, 383—
timber, XXI. 295—map of, II. Plates
3 and 4. See Niger, &c.
African Association, II. 221.
African Company, VII. 182.
African Institution, II. 239 ; XX.
387.
Africanus (Julius), historian, II. 240.
 (Scipio). See Scipio.
Afslagers, H. 240.
Aft, a sea term, II. 240.
Aftermath, II. 240.
Afternoon, II. 240.
Afwestad, copper-work in Sweden, II.
240.
Afzelius, botanist, V. 79, 81.
Aga, II. 240.
Agadeer, in Morocco, XV. 508.
Agades, a kingdom in Africa, II. 240.
Agalmata, II. 240.
Agalmatolite, specific gravity of, XII. 26.
Agamae, reptiles, XIX. 143.
Agamemnon, II. 240 —character of,
XVIII. 150.
Agamians, reptiles, XIX. 142.
Agamous plants, V. 53.
Agan, island, II. 240.
Aganippe, II. 240.
Aganippides, II. 240.
Agape, love-feast, II. 240.
Agapet.*, II. 240.
Agard (Arthur), antiquary, II. 240.
Agaric mineral, II. 240.
Agaricoide®, reproductive organs of, V.
57.
Agarista, insects, IX. 243.
Agaro, an island of Sweden, II. 241.
Agassiz, on the Echinides, XXI. 1006—
his classification of them, 1008.
Agate, II. 241—its distinction from cal-
cedony, V. 786—specific gravity of,
XII. 26.
Agatha (St), an Austrian town, II. 242.
 (Santa), II. 242.
Agathias, II. 242.
Agathidium, insect, IX. 185.
Agathis, insect, IX. 222.
Agatho, a Greek poet, II. 242.
Agathocles, II. 242; XXL 57—his wars
with the Carthaginians, VI. 187-9.
Agathodsemon, Egyptian deity, VIII. 551.
Agathyrna, Sicilian town, II. 242.
Agbarus, his alleged message to Jesus,
XII. 561.
Agde, a French city, II. 242.
Age, II. 242—of the antediluvians, III.
246.
Agelnoth, archbishop of Canterbury,
II. 243.
Agema, II. 243.
Agemoglians, II. 243.
Agen, in France, II. 243.
Agenda, II. 243.
Ageneiosi, fish, XII. 202.
Agenhine, II. 243.
Agenois, in France, II. 243.
Agenoria, II. 244.
Agent, II. 244.
Agentes in rebus, II. 244.
Ager, II. 244—Ager Picenus, ib.
Agesilaus, II. 244; XX. 527; XXI.
195-6.
Agga, in Guinea, II. 244.
Agger, an ancient fortification, II. 244.
Aggerhuus, a province of Norway, II.
244.
Aggers-herred, in Norway, II. 244.
Agglutinants, II. 244.
Aggregation, II. 245.
Agher, an Irish town, II. 245.
Aghrim, II. 245—battle of, XII. 378.
Agility, JI. 245.
Agincourt, a village of the French Ne¬
therlands, II. 245—battle of, ib.; VIII.
733; X. 22.
Agincourt on the history of art, XVI.
705.
Agio, in commerce, II. 245.
Agiosymandrum, II. 245.
Agis, king of Sparta, II. 245 ; IV. 157,
et seq.; XX. 527.
Agistment, in law, II. 246.
Agistor, II. 246.
Agitation, II. 246.
Agitator, II. 246.
Aglaia, II. 246.
Aglaope, insect, IX. 244.
Aglar, an Austrian city, II. 246.
Aglaura, worm, XI. 220.
Aglia, insect, IX. 246.
Aglionby (John), II. 247.
Aglossa, insects, IX. 252.
Agmen, II. 247.
Agmondesham, II 654.
Agnate, in law, II. 247.
Agnel, old French coin, II. 247.
Agnes (St), a village in Cornwall, II. 247.
Agnesi (Maria Gaetana), II. 247 ; IX.
638.
Agno, a river of Naples, II. 248.
Agnoet.*, heretics, II. 248.
Agnomen, II. 248.
Agnone, a Neapolitan city, II. 248.
Agnus Dei, II. 248.
Agoge, II. 248.
Agon, II. 248.
Agonales, II. 249.
Agonalia, II. 249.
Agonalis Circus, II. 249.
Agonisma, II. 249.
Agonistarcha, II. 249.
Agonistici, II. 249.
Agonium, II. 249.
Agonum, insect, IX. 128.
Agonotheta, II. 249.
Agonyclit®, II. 249.
Agora, in ancient Athens, IV. 116.
Agor^us, II. 249.
Agoranomus, II. 248.
Agordo, an Austrian town, II. 249.
Agostino de Musis, IX. 45.
Agoutis, one of the mammalia, XIV. 141.
Agows, a people of Abyssinia, II. 63.
Agra, a province of Hindostan, II. 249
—mausoleum of, XL 408.
Agree, mysteries celebrated at, XV. 668.
Agram, in Croatia, II. 250.
Agramont, a Spanish town, II. 250.
Agrarian laws, Roman, II. 250 ; VI.
691; XIX. 371,391—Jewish, XV. 566.
Agraulium, in ancient Athens, IV. 118.
Agreda, a Spanish town, H. 250.
Agria, a town in Hungary, II. 250.
Agricola (Cnseus Julius), II. 250—his
conquests in Britain, V. 229 ; XIX.
405, 406, 695.
  (George), a German physician,
II. 251.
 (John), founder of tho Antino-
mians, II. 251; III. 251.
INDEX,
5
AGR
Agriculture, II. 251—extraordinary de¬
mand for books relative to, in the reign
of James I., I. 39—implements and
machinery of, II. 265, 319—culture of
the willow, IY. 429—establishment of
the Board of, Y. 470—agricultural
distress of 1821, V. 554 ; of 1823, 557
—deficient crops of 1826, V. 568—its
importance to colonies, YI. 62—effects
of the cotton manufacture on, VII.
413—^improved by the Crusades, VII.
494—connexion between its state and
the extent of taxes, VIII. 767—mode
of destroying the weevil, IX. 175—
castration and fattening of‘animals,
IX. 721—fattening of fowls, 723—is a
healthful occupation, XIV. 510—ori¬
gin of, XVII. 563—employment of ca¬
pital in, XVIII. 282—distinction be¬
tween agricultural and manufacturing
industry, 293—steam-apparatus for
cooking the food of cattle and horses,
XX. 609-10—subsoil-ploughing, XX.
731—taxes on rent, XXI. 103 ; on
produce, 112 —tithes, 113—timber,
XXI. 292—turnip-fly, 602.—See Corn-
laws, Cottage System, Dairy, Drain¬
ing, Irrigation, Veterinary Science,
Wheat, &c.—Agriculture in Afgha¬
nistan, II. 217—Aberdeenshire, 29
—Abyssinia, 61—Antrim, III. 275
—Arragon, 373—Argyleshire, 483—
Armagh, 572—Asia, 680—Austria and
Hungary, IV. 223, 230, 232—Ayr¬
shire, 259—Banffshire, 344—Bedford¬
shire, 516—Bengal, 565, 566—Berk¬
shire, 586—Berwickshire, 598—Brazil,
V. 206—Breconshire, 225—Bucking¬
hamshire, 634—Buenos Ayres, 645—
Caermarthenshire, V. 771—Caernar¬
vonshire, 773—Caithness, 781—Cam¬
bridgeshire, VI. 33 — Cardiganshire,
137—Carinthia, 142—Carlow, 143—
Cavan, 256—Cheshire, 510—Chili, 530
—China, 579—Clackmannanshire, 720
—Clare, 726—Cork, VII. 331—Corn¬
wall, 367 — Cumberland, 536 — Den¬
bighshire, 717—Denmark, 726—De¬
vonshire, 746—Donegal, VIII. 113—
Dorsetshire, 120—Down, 133—Dub¬
lin, 235—Dumbartonshire, 259—Dum¬
friesshire, 261—Durham, 290—Edin¬
burghshire, 430—England, 764—Es¬
sex, IX. 369—Fermanagh, 517—Fife,
544 — Flanders, XVI. 142 — Forfar¬
shire, IX. 745—France, X. 173—Gal¬
way, 305—Germany, 484, 488—Gla¬
morganshire, 531 — Gloucestershire,
586—Greece, 725—Haddingtonshire,
XI. 103—Hampshire, 128—Hanover,
137—Herefordshire, _ 273—Hertford¬
shire, 284—Hindostan, 379—Hunt¬
ingdonshire, 758—Ireland, XII. 406—
Italy, 488, 470—Japan, 510—Kincar¬
dineshire, 722—Kinross-shire, 730—
Kirkcudbrightshire, 7 35—Kildare, 712
—Kilkenny, 715—Lanarkshire, XIII.
50—Lapland, 107—Leicestershire, 209
—Leitrim, 223—Limerick, 349—Lin¬
colnshire, 352—Lombardy, 470, 480—
the vicinity of London, 506—London¬
derry,551—Longford, 556—Louth,575
—Madagascar, XIII. 666—Malta, XIV.
64—Isle of Man, 213—Meath, XIV. 346
—Mexico, 799—Monaghan, XV. 380—
Moray, 491—Navarre, 744—New South
Wales, XXI. 716—New York, XVI.
185 —Norfolk, 244; XI. 764—Nor¬
thumberland, XVI. 254—Norway, 265
—Nova Scotia, 267—Odessa, 322—
Ohio, 327—Orkney, 541—Oxfordshire,
686 — Pembrokeshire, XVII. 183—
Perthshire, 290—Poland, XVIII. 212—
Portugal, 179—Prussia, 691—Queen’s
County, 787—Radnorshire, XIX. 11—
Renfrewshire, 120—Rome, 434—Ros¬
common, 479—Ross-shire, 484, 486—
Roxburghshire, 512—Russia, 568, 575
—Rutlandshire, 592—Shropshire, 622
—Savoy, 649—Sardinia, 650—Saxony,
670—Scotland, 752 ; XI. 764—Selkirk¬
shire, XX. 85—Seville, 163—Siberia,
325—Sligo, 393—Somersotshire, 475—
AGR—AIL
Spain, 518—Staffordshire, 559—Stir¬
lingshire, 730—Suffolk, 789—Sussex,
XXI. 9—Sutherland, 11—Sweden, 31
—Switzerland, 48—Tennessee, 182-
Isle of Thanet, 190—Tipperary, 314—
Tuscany, 432—Tyrone, 440—United
States, 463; H. 646—Virginia, XXI.
658—Waterford, 811—Westmeath,862
—Wexford, 867—Worcestershire, 939
—Wicklow, XXI. 880—Isle of Wight,
8 8 2—Wigtonshire, 88 3—Wurtemberg,
945—Yorkshire, 962-3-4.—See the
geographical articles generally.
Agrioan, island, II. 356.
Agrigentum, II. 356 ; XV. 702—tem¬
ple of Jupiter at, III. 439—taken by
the Romans, VI. 190—by the Cartha¬
ginians, 192 ; VII. 185.
Agrion, insect, IX. 210.
Agrionia, II. 357.
Agriophagi, II. 357.
Agriopus, fish, XII. 174.
Agrippa (Cornelius), II. 357.
  (Herod), II. 357; XII. 573;
XIX. 401.
 (Marcus Vipsanius), II. 358.
Agrippina, II. 358 ; XIX. 403.
 Colonia Ubiorum, II. 358.
Agrippinians, II. 358.
Agrocinus, insect, IX. 179.
Agrom, II. 358.
Agromyza, insects, IX. 291.
Agrostographia, II. 358.
Aground, II. 358.
Agrxpnia, II. 358.
Aguada, river, II. 358.
Aguas-Bellas, II. 358.
Aguda, river, II. 358.
Ague, II. 358—anomalous forms of,
XVII. 486.
Ague-cake, II. 358.
Aguesseau (Henry Francis d’), II. 358.
Aguilar, II. 360.
Aguillaneuf, II. 360.
Aguillon (Francis), II. 360.
Aguirra (Joseph Saenz de), II. 360.
Agur, II. 360.
Agurah, II. 360.
Agusadura, II. 360.
Agtei, II. 360.
Agyniani, II. 360.
Agyrtaj, II. 360.
Ahab, king of Israel, II. 360.
Ahanta, III. 244.
Ahasuerus, II. 361; IX. 371; XVII.
259.
Ahaus, II. 361.
Ahaz, king of Judah, II. 361.
Ahaziah, II. 362.
Ahead, II. 362.
Ahijah, II. 362.
Ahithophel, II. 362.
Ahjoli, II. 362.
Ahmedabat, II. 604.
Aholibah, II. 363.
Ahrweil, II. 363.
Ahull, II. 363.
Ahun, a French town, II. 363.
Ahuys, a Swedish town, II. 363.
Al, a town in Judea, II. 363.
 , in zoology, XIV. 142, 73, note—
its stomach, III. 35—intestines, 37—
bloodvessels, 39.
Aichstadt, a German town, II. 363.
Aid, II. 364.
Aid-de-Camp, II. 364.
Aidan, bishop, II. 364.
Aidona, II. 364.
Aighendale, II. 864.
Aigle, II. 364.
Aigues-Perses, II. 364.
Aiguillon, II. 364.
Aiguisce, in heraldry, II. 364.
Aigurandes, II. 364.
Airman (William), II. 364.
Ailana, II. 364.
Ailanto tree, XVII. 787.
Aile, in law, II. 364.
Ailesbury, II. 365.
Ailmer, II. 365.
Ailred, II. 365.
Ailsa, II. 365.
Ailurus, in zoology, XIV. 160.
AIM—ALA
Aimc’s artificial magnets, XIII. 7 63.
Ain, a department in France, II. 367.
Ainsa, II. 367.
Ainslie (Dr), on the Japanese, XII. 551,
516.
Ainsworth, in Lancashire, II. 366.
 (Drs Henry and Robert), II. 366.
Air, II. 367. See Atmosphere.
Air-bladder of fishes, XII. 153, 161;
XVII. 717; XVIII. 98.
Air-gun, II. 367 ; XVIII. 75.
Air-jacket, II. 367.
Air-pump, XVIII. 79—Cavallo on the,
VI. 253—invention of, XVIII. 72;
IV. 387—of marine steam-engines,
XX. 697.
Air-shafts, II. 367.
Air-thermometer, IV. 392 ; XXI. 236—
theory of, 241.
Air-trunk, IL^3£8.
Air-vessels, II. 368.
Air-volcanoes, XVII. 515.
Airani, II. 368.
Airdrie, XIII. 50.
Aire, II. 368.
 , river, navigation of, XVI. 7.
Airing of horses, II. 368.
Airmoss, skirmish at, V. 353.
Airs, II. 368.
Airy, or Aery, II. 368.
  (Professor), on hydrodynamics,
XII. 8—on optics, XVI. 374, 433,
503—his sphero-cylindrical specta¬
cles, 393.
Aisne, in France, II. 368.
Aitiology, XVII. 438.
Aitken (James), incendiary, V. 423.
Aitkin (J.), his method of applying a
remontoir to the dead beat scapement
of a clock, VI. 776—his improved
dial-work, 779.
Aitoczu, river, II. 368.
Aiton (Wm.), II. 368—his “ Hortus
Kewensis,” VIII. 221.
Aius Locutius, II. 369.
Aix, II. 369.
Aix-la-Chapelle, II. 369—treaty of,
V. 383.
Aixette, river, II. 369.
Aizoideas, in botany, V. 112.
Ajaccio, in Corsica, II. 363.
Ajalon, II. 363.
Ajan, in Africa, II. 363.
Ajax, II. 363.
Ajazzo, II. 363.
Ajello, II. 364.
Ajmeer, II. 365—temples at, XI. 408.
Ajutage, II. 369.
Akdala, VIII. 396.
Akenside (Mark), II. 369—on sympa¬
thy, VIII. 55—on laughter, XIII. 121,
123—his poetry, XVIII. 173.
Akerblad on hieroglyphics, XI. 306.
Akerman, in Russia, II. 370.
Akhmetschet, II. 370; VII. 472.
Akhtiar, or Sevastopol, II. 370; VII.
473.
Akiba, rabbin, II. 370.
Akis, insect, IX. 163.
Akissar, II. 370.
Akond, II. 371.
Al, II. 371.
Ala, II. 371.
Alaba, II. 371.
Alabama, II. 371—canals in, XVI. 26
—railroads, XXI. 474—state-bonds
of, 479.
Alabarcha, II. 371.
Alabaster (William), II. 371.
 , mineral, II. 372—its specific gra¬
vity, XII. 26.
Alabastrum Dendroide, II. 372.
Aladinists, II. 372.
Aladschahissar, II. 372.
Aladulia, II. 372.
Al Aftekin, VIII. 478.
Alagos, XVII. 237.
Alain (Chartier), II. 372.
Alais, II. 372.
Alajor, II. 372.
Alamagan, island, II. 372.
Alamandus (Lewis), II. 373.
Alamanni (Lewis), II. 373.
ALA—ALB
Alamodality, II. 373.
Alamode, II. 373.
Alamos, II. 373.
Alan (Cardinal William), H. 373.
Aland, archipelago of, II. 373—IV. 330.
Alangieae, in botany, V. 109.
Alani, X. 478 ; XIX. 413—their irrup¬
tion into Spain, XX. 492.
Alantin, VI. 476.
Alar del Rey, II. 373.
Alaraf, II. 374.
Alarbes, II. 374.
Alares, II. 374.
Alaric, II. 374—his invasion of the
Roman empire, XIX. 420.
Alarm, II. 374—for steam-boilers, XX.
682.
Alarm-clocks, VI. 782.
Alascani, II. 374.
AAasco (John), II. 374.
Alassio, II. 374.
Alassona, II. 374.
Alatamaha, II. 374.
Alauda, bird, XVI. 579.
Alauta, river, II. 374.
Alava, in Spain, II. 374.
Alay, II. 375.
Alayor, II. 375.
Al Aziz, VIII. 478.
Alb, II. 375.
Alba, II. 375.
Alba Longa, II. 375 ; XIX. 363.
Albacete, Spanish town, II. 375.
Albahurim, II. 375.
Albaida, II. 375.
Alban, II. 375—St Alban, ib.
Albanenses, II. 375.
Albani, II. 375—VI. 2.
 (Francis), II. 376; XVI. 720.
Albania, II. 376—language of, XIII. 90.
 in Asia, II. 380.
Albanians in Greece, X. 738.
Albano, city, II. 380.
 , painter, XVI. 720.
Albans (St), II. 380; XI. 285—battle of,
VIII. 735—early printing at, XVIII.
554
Albanus Mons, II. 380.
Albany, II. 380; XVI. 196.
 (Dukes of), regents of Scotland,
XIX. 711, 721—Earl of, 714.
Albarazin, II. 380.
Albarii, II. 380.
Albarium opus, II. 380.
Albategni, astronomer, II. 380 III.
734.
Albaterra, II. 381.
Albati equi, II. 381.
Ablatross, XVI. 632.
Albazin, II. 381.
Albe, II. 381.
Albeck, II. 381.
Albemarle, II. 381—Duke of. See
Monk.
Albengua, II. 381.
Albernuo, II. 381.
Alberoni (Julius), II. 381.
Albert, emperor of Austria, XXL 43.
 , Margrave of Brandenburg, II.
381.
 of Mecklenburg, king of Sweden,
XXL 13.
  of Saxony, on aeronautics, II.
178.
Alberti (Leon Battista), II. 380 ; III.
425.
  on medical jurisprudence, XIV
491.
 , a town in Hungary, II. 381.
Albertini, botanists, V. 80.
Albertus Magnus, II. 381; XIII. 298;
XIV. 76—on sal-ammoniac, II. 660—
on alchemy, VI. 343.
Albertus, gold coin, II. 381.
Albesia, II. 381.
Albi, French town, II. 381.
Albigenses, II. 382; XII. 283.
Albigeois, II. 381.
Albin on birds, XVI. 546.
Albini. II. 282.
Albinism among animals, XIV. 86.
Albinos, II. 382.
Albinovanus, Latin poet, II. 384.
6
INDEX.
ALB—ALC
Albinus, II. 881—his anatomical la¬
bours, 701, 703—on the muscles, 793.
Albion, II. 384 ; V. 293.
Albion printing-press, XVIII. 570.
Albione, worm, XI. 226.
Albibeo, II. 384.
Albis, II. 384.
Albisola, II. 384.
Albite, XV. 152—its sp. gr. XII. 26.
Alblasser-Waabd, II. 384.
Albogalebus, II. 384.
Alboin, Lombard chief, XII. 465 ; XIII.
465.
Albobak, II. 384.
Alboro, II. 384.
Albourg, Danish town, II. 384.
Albricius, II. 385.
Albucasis, his surgical skill, XX. 826
827.
Aebuera, II. 384—battle of, V. 530.
Albufeira, II. 884.
Albugineous fibre, XVII. 603.
Albom, II. 385.
Albumen (animal), VI. 493 ; XVII. 620,
822—its use in clarifying, VI. 727—
its qualities as an aliment, VIII. 19-
of eggs, VIII. 456—albuminous secre
tions, XVII. 649.
(vegetable), VI. 478 ; V. 51—of
ALC—ALE
seeds, III. 75; XXI. 567, 
Albuquerque, Spanish town, II. 385.
Alburn, II. 385.
Alburnum of trees, II. 385 ; III. 83; V
33.
Alburnus, angling for. III. 147.
Alby, in France. II. 385.
Alca, bird, XVI. 630.
Alcabala, Spanish tax, XX. 522.
Alcaear-do-Sal, II. 386, 553.
Alcasus, II. 385.
Alcaics, II. 385.
Alcaid, II. 385.
Alcala, Greek Bible, IV. 614.
 de Guadeira, II. 386—de Hena
res, ib.
Alcala-Real, II. 386.
Alcali. See Alkali.
Alcamel, caliph of Egypt, VIII. 483.
Alcamo, a Sicilian city, II. 386.
Alcan, VII. 284.
Alcaniz, a Spanish town, II. 386.
Alcanna, II. 386.
Alcantara, in Spain, II. 386—in Bra¬
zil, XIV. 241—knights of, II. 386.
Alcaraz, a Spanish city, II. 386.
Alcassar do Sal, II. 386, 553.
 in Barbary, II. 386.
Alcaudete, a Spanish town, II. 386.
Alcavala, Spanish tax, II. 387.
Alcazar de St Juan, II. 387.
 Leguer, II. 387.
Alcedo, bird, XVI. 592.
Alcetas, king of Epirus, IX. 312.
 —, Greek antiquary, XII. 291.
Alchemists, VI. 342-7—their fancies re¬
specting dew, VII. 749—in Persia,
XVII. 254.
Alchemy, II. 387 ; VI. 341, et sea. ■
XVII. 425, 430.
Alciat (Andrew), II. 387.
Alcibiades, II. 387; IV. 157, n. 2, 158,
et seq.—his death and character, 161,
n. 1—conduct of Socrates towards him,
XX. 441—his respect for that phi¬
losopher, 444.
Alcinous, II. 387.
Alciopa, worm, XI. 220.
Alcira, Spanish town, II. 387.
Alcmaer, II. 387, 579.
Alcman, Greek poet, II. 388.
Alcmanian verse, II. 388.
Alcmena, II. 388.
Alcobaza, in Portugal, II. 388.
Alcock (John), II. 388.
Alcoentre, II. 388.
Alcohol, II. 388; VI. 437—present in
all ardent spirits, VIII. 44—its ten¬
dency to stop distillation, 49—how to
inflame it by electricity, 626—its va¬
pour not likely to supersede steam as
a moving power, IX. 432—mode of
freezing it, ib.—its sp. gr. XII. 26, Sl¬
its use in lamps, XIII. 41—its poison¬
ous quaUty, XIV. 507—Alcohol-ther¬
mometer, XXI. 237.
Alcoran, or the Koran, II. 388. See
Koran.
Alcoranists, II. 391.
Alcove, in architecture, II. 391.
Alcoy, a Spanish city, II. 391.
Alcuinus, II. 392—his learning, XIII.
292.
Alcynog, zoophyte, XXI. 1019.
Alcyonium, one of the mollusca, XV.
370 ; II. 392—Stagnum, ib.
Alcyonius (Peter), II. 392.
Aldborough, II. 392.
Aldea del Rio, II. 392.
Aldebaran, II. 392.
Alder trees, XVII. 784, 790—specific
gravity of wood, XII. 26.
Alderholm, island, II. 393.
Alderman, II. 393.
Alderney, II. 393—cattle, 324.
Aldhelm (St), II. 393.
Aldport, II. 393.
Aldred, II. 393.
Aldrich (Robert and Henry), II. 394.
Aldrisi, VIII. 431.
Aldrovandus (Ulysses), II. 395—on
animals, XIV. 77—oh ornithology,
XVI. 545.
Aldston-Moor, II. 395—lead-mines of,
VII. 537
Aldunate (Colonel), VI 543.
Aldus, his Greek Bible, IV. 614—his edi-
tions of the Greek classics, 626—his
correction of the press, XVIII. 558.
Ale, II. 396—brewing of, V. 230—its
difference from beer, 252—Irish trade
in, XII. 406—Scotch manufacture of.
XIX. 769.
Ale-Conner, II. 396.
Alea, II. 396.
Aleander (Jerome), II. 396.
Alecto, II. 396.
Alector, bird, XVI. 605.
Alectoria, II. 396.
Alectoromantia, II. 396.
Alee, a sea term, II. 397.
Alegrette, Portuguese town, II. 397.
Aleius Campus, II. 397.
Aleman (Matteo), his romance, XIX. 352
Alemania, II. 397.
Alemanni, XIX. 412.
Alembdar, II. 397.
Alembert (Jean le Rond d’), II. 397—
his classification of the sciences incor
rect, I. 1—vagueness of his views rela¬
tive to their origin, ib.—his unsuccess¬
ful delineation of an encyclopaedical
tree, 3—quotation from, on his divi¬
sion of human knowledge, 3-4—objec¬
tions to this, 5-6—his definition of
poetry 4 his identification of imagina¬
tion with abstraction, 6—his modesty
in propounding his theory, 7—his en¬
cyclopaedical tree only an amplifica¬
tion of Bacon’s sketch, 7-8—character
of his preliminary discourse on the
division of the sciences, 10—quotation
from, on the bias of the mind produced
by habits acquired in infancy, 64—his
mistaken view of the nature of space
and time, 142—mathematical re¬
searches of, 578—expanded the pro¬
cess of integration relative to partial
differences, 600—on dynamics, 604 •
VIII. 387 ; XIV. 353-sketch of his
life and character, I. 604—converted
dynamics into an absolute analytical
science, 605—treated the subject of
hydrodynamics with his usual origi¬
nality and depth, 608—on achromatic
glasses, II. 104—his connection with
Diderot, VIII. 14-—on double employ¬
ment in music, 122—on the resolution
of forces, 358—on the earth’s figure,
IX. 551—on imitative music, XV. 641.
Alembic, II. 399.
Alembroth, II. 399.
Alencon, in France, II. 399.
Alenio (Julius), II. 399.
Alentejo, in Portugal, II. 399.
Aleochara, insect, IX. 138
Alepocephalus, fish, XII. 200.
ALE—ALF
Aleppo, II. 399—Saladin’s siege of, VIII.
481—plagues in, XVII. 773.
Ales (Alexander), II. 401.
Alesham, in Norfolk, II. 401.
Alessandria, II. 401.
Alet, II. 401.
Aleuromancy, II. 401.
Aleuteres, fish, XII. 229.
Aleutian Islands, II. 401; XIX. 590.
Alexander, hieroglyphical characters of,
XI. 325.
Alexander the Great, II. 407 ; XIII.
624—was a poor judge of merit in
painting, III. 281—educated by Aris
totle, III. 491—his army, 588—era of,
VI. 660—Egypt under, VIII. 469—
anecdote of, IX. 577—his geographical
discoveries, X. 390—his expedition to
India, XI. 409; III. 696—his military
exploits and conquests, XIII. 630 et
seq.; XI. 474—his death and character,
XIII. 639—his will, 641—burial, 642
—monarchy founded by, XV. 381—his
invasion of Persia, XVII. 260—Tyre
taken by, XXI. 437.
 , king of Epirus, IX. 312.
   ab Alexandro, II. 407.
  (Noel), II. 407.
  of Pheraea, XXL 196-8.
  VI. (Pope), II. 408; XXI. 412
  VII. (Pope), VI. 522.
 , bishop of Lincoln, II. 408.
■, emperor of Russia, reign of,
ALF—ALI
lation of Boethius, IV. 7 30^ his Domes¬
day Book, VIII. 100—his ships, XX.
214—not the founder of the University
of Oxford, XXL 492.
(Prince), VIII. 707.
XIX. 557.
Severus, II. 408 ■
- reign of,
XIX. 410
  (St.), bishop of Rome, II. 408.
  L, king of Scotland, XIX. 705.
  II., king of Scotland, II. 408;
XIX. 707,
  III., king of Scotland, II. 408;
XIX. 707.
  of Trallis, XX. 825; XXL 343
  (Sir William), II. 408 ; IV. 403
Alexandra, queen of the Jews, XII. 571
Alexandretta, II. 408.
Alexandria, II. 409, 230—academy of,
66—cultivation of science at, under
the Ptolemies, 688; X. 425—anato¬
mical school of, II. 688—astronomical
school. III. 729—era of, VI. 658—
destruction of the temple of Serapis in
VII. 279—embellished by Ptolemy So
ter, VIII. 470—library of, XIII. 286
XIV. 315; VIII. 477—Pharos of, XX.
15—surgeons of, 822—battle of, in
1801, V. 505; VIII. 493-bombard¬
ment of, 493—commerce, ancient, VII.
156 ; XL 387 ; and modern, VIII. 524
—other ancient cities of that name, II.
143.
  in Louisiana, XIII. 373.
  in Maryland, XIV. 274.
  in Russia, II. 413.
Alexandrian, II. 414—manuscript, ib
Alexandrine, II. 414.
Alexandrow, in Russia, II. 414.
ALEXANDR0WSK,in Russia, II. 414.
Alexei, emperor of Russia, XIX. 540.
Alexicacus, II. 414
Alexin, in Russia, II. 414.
Alexipharmics, II. 414.
Alexis, II. 414.
Alexiterial, II. 414.
Alexius Comnenus, VII. 285.
Strategopulus, VII. 287.
Aleyn (Charles), II. 414.
Alfaques, II. 414.
Alfarabius, an eastern philosopher, II,
415.
Alfaro, a Spanish town, II. 415.
Alfdouch, II. 415.
Alfergan, astronomer, II. 415- III
734.
Alfet, II. 415.
ALvilII’l57iCt0r)’n' 415~his tragedies,
Alfonso.—See Alphonso.
Alford, II. 418—battle of, V. 327—canal
XVI. 8. ’
Alfragan, astronomer, II. 415- m, 734,
Alfred the Great, II. 418 ; VIII. 702 
academy founded by, II. 67—his’trans-
Alfric, VIII. 706.
Alga:, in botany, V. 38,138—their classi¬
fication still uncertain. III. 181—re¬
productive organs of, V. 56.
Algaiola, in Corsica, II. 420.
Algamatolite, in mineralogy, XV. 148.
Algaroth, II. 420.
Algarotti (Count), II. 420.
Algarve, in Portugal, II. 420.
Algazel, in zoology, XIV. 162.
Algebra, II. 420—^invention of, I. 440;
XIV. 315—first introduced into Eu¬
rope by Leonardo, I. 440 ; XIV. 316
—introduced by Gerbert, I. 441—first
book printed on, ib.—system of Dio-
phantus, 591—resolution of equations
higher than the second degree, and
extension of the rule by Cardan, ib.—
merit of Cardan’s discoveries, 442—
he gave his algebraic rules a poetical
dress, ib.—properties of algebraic equa¬
tions discovered very slowly, ib.—con¬
tributions to the science by Recorde,
Bombelli, Vieta, Girard, Harriot, and
others, 442-3. See also these heads,
and 591-2—causes why the properties
of equations were discovered so slowly,
443 application of algebraical analy¬
sis by Descartes, to define the nature
and investigate the properties of curve
fines, 444—analysis of the W’ork in
which that discovery is announced, ib.
—advantages resulting from the intro¬
duction of algebra into geometry, ib.
—denotes both quantity and the ope¬
rations on quantity by means of con¬
ventional symbols, 445—excellence of
this, ib.—difference in practice between
the algebraical and geometrical me¬
thod of treating quantity, 445—obser¬
vations on the use of the signs plus
and minus, 4 4 6—extraction of the cube
root first discovered by the Arabians,
583—observations on the algebraical
signs, 593—Descartes’s contributions
to, 594; VI.181—proposal of the Con¬
choid, by Newton, I. 595—advance
made in, by the discoveries of Leib¬
nitz, ib.—discoveries of De Moivreand
Stirling, 595—theory of quadratic fac¬
tors, 596—account of improvements
made in algebra, 596-7—applications
of, and notice of elementary works on,
ib.—valuable results of the introduc¬
tion of, 444—of sines and cosines,
XIV. 323—annuities treated algebrai¬
cally, III. 220. See Equations, Nega¬
tive Sign, Series, &c.
Algenib, II. 502.
Algeziras, Spanish city, II. 502.
Algheri, Sardinian city, II. 502.
Algiabarii, II. 502.
Algidum, II. 502.
Algiers, II. 503, 235; IV. 360—Admi¬
ral Blake’s negotiation with, 673—
Christian slavery at, 366—Lord Ex¬
mouth’s attack on, V. 542—Mr
Bruce’s residence at, 606—weights and
measures of, XXL 851.
Algoa bay, II. 511.
Algol, star, II. 511.
Algonquins, II. 511, 619.
Algor, II. 512.
Algorithm, II. 512.
Alguazil, II. 512.
Algyra, reptiles, XIX. 141.
A1 Hakem, VIII. 478.
Alhama, Spanish city, II. 512.
Alhambra, II. 512.
Alhazen, II. 513; III. 735; X. 428—
shews how objects appear larger near
the horizon, I. 505—his work on op¬
tics, 506-7 ; XIII. 329; XVI. 350-
solution of a very diflicult problem by,
I. 506.
Alhi, a Sicilian city, II. 514.
Alhumecas, island, II. 514.
An, pupil of Mahomet, II. 514* XIV
INDE X,
7
ALT—ALL
26—reign of, III. 342—tomb of, in
Meshed Ali, XIV. 596.
AH Bahauder, IV. 731.
•    Bey, II. 515; VIII. 485—travel¬
ler under that name, VIII. 557.
•  Pacha, history and character of,
II. 377.
Alias, in law, II. 515.
Alibi, in law, II. 515.
Alicante, II. 515—battle near, V. 534.
Alicanterilla, II. 515.
Alicata, II. 516 ; XV. 702.
Alicudi, island, XIII. 370.
Alien, II. 516—Lord Grenville’s alien
bill, V. 467. *
Alienation, II. 516—mental; see Men¬
tal Diseases.
Alima hyalina, VII. 502.
Aliment, its effects on the mind, VIII.
443—and on health, XIV. 508—of
plants and animals, III. 166—aliments
distinguished from medicines and
poisons, ib. See Dietetics, Food, Nu¬
trition.
Alimentarii Pueri, II. 516.
Alimentary duct, II. 516.
Alipilarius, II. 516.
Alipterium, II. 516.
Aliquant part, II. 516.
Aliquot part, II. 516.
Alismacese, in botany, V. 136.
Alismoidese, in botany, V. 136.
Alison (Archibald), his theory of beauty,
IV. 487 ; XXI. 90—on the pleasure
arising from the study of antiquity,
IV. 492—on associations peculiar to
individuals, 494—on the beauty of
Greek architecture, 496.
•   (Dr. W. P.) on single vision,
XIII. 342—his classification of animal
functions, XVII. 591—on instinctive
motions, 678.
ALisoijrTiA, II. 516.
Alites, II. 516.
Alizarin, VIII. 306.
Aljameia, II. 515.
Alkadarii, II. 516.
Alkahest, II. 516.
Alkalies, II. 516 ; VI. 436—vegetable,
460—Sir H. Davy’s decomposition of,
by means of galvanism, VII. 639—
manufacture of, at Newcastle, XVI.
152—alkaline bases, VI. 392—alkaline
poisons, XIV. 502 ; XVIII. 176.
Alkalimeter, II. 516.
Alkermes, II. 516.
A1 Ksar, in Morocco, XV. 505.
Alla, or Allah, II. 517.
Allagna, Italian town, II. 517.
Allahabad, in Hindostan, II, 517—in¬
scriptions at, XII. 291.
Allaire, II. 518. ,
Allamand (Monsieur), his criticism on
Locke’s argument against innate ideas,
1.107,250—Gibbon’s account of, 107.
Allan (Thomas), his improvement in
stereotyping, XVIII. 565.
 (David), II. 518.
 , river, II. 518.
Allanches, II. 518.
Allanite, in mineralogy, XV. 160—spe¬
cific gravity of, XII. 26.
Allantoic acid, VI. 431.
jAllantois, II. 518.
Allatius (Leo), II. 518.
Allectus, II. 519 ; V. 301.
AUecula, insect, IX. 166.
Allegany Indians, II. 619.
•— mountains, II. 519, 614 ; XXL
451, 658—their geology, II. 614.
•    river, II. 519.
Allegata, II. 519.
Allegeas, II. 519.
Allegewis, II. 622.
Allegiance, II. 519.
Allegory, II. 520—fondness of the
orientals for, XVII. 377—French alle¬
gorical romance, XVIII. 164.
Allegri (Antonio), painter, II. 521. See
Corregio.
Allegro, in music, II. 522.
Allein (Joseph and Richard), II. 522.
Alleluiah, II. 523.
b
ALL—ALM
Allemand, II. 523.
Allemannic, II. 523.
Allemond, French town, II. 523.
Allen, bog of, XII. 712; XXI. 313.
 , Lough, XIII. 222.
 (John), II. 523.
 (Dr John), his proposal for mov¬
ing vessels by ejecting water from the
stern, XX. 687.
 (Thomas) II. 523.
Allendorf, II. 523.
Allenstein, II. 523.
Aller, river, II. 524.
Aller-good, II. 524.
Allerion, in heraldry, II. 524.
Allestry (Richard), II. 524.
Allevard, in Dauphiny, II. 524.
Alleveure, II. 524.
Alley (William), II. 524.
 , in gardening, &c., II. 525.
Alleyn (Edward), II. 525.
All-hallow, II. 516.
Allia, river, II. 526.
Alliaceous plants, XI. 671.
Alliance, II. 526.
Allier, II. 526.
Alligati, II. 526.
Alligation, II. 526.
Alligator, XIX. 136.
Allioni on botany, V. 82.
Allioth, star, li. 527.
Alliteration, II. 527.
Allix (Peter), II. 528.
Alloa, in Clackmannanshire, II. 528—
ferry at, VI. 720—collieries, 721—
manufactures and trade, ib.
Allocation, II. 528.
Allochroite, in mineralogy, XV. 159.
Allocutio, II. 528.
Allodium, II. 528.
Allonville, great oak of, XXI. 293.
Allophane, specific gravity of, XII. 26.
Allos, in France, II. 529.
Alloy, II. 529.
All-Saints, II. 516—Bay, ib.; XIX. 628.
All-Souls, II. 517.
Allspice, XVII. 744.
Allstadt, in Saxe-Weimar, II. 529.
Alluminor, II. 529.
Allusion, II. 529.
Alluvium, VII. 702; II. 529.
Almacantars or Almucantars, II. 537.
Almada, Portuguese town, II. 529.
Almaden de Azogue, II. 529.
Almadie, II. 529.
Almagest, II. 529; III. 733, 734.
Almagra, II. 529.
Almagro, a Spanish fortress, II. 529.
  (Diego de), II. 529; XVII 296.
  the younger, II. 530.
Almajora, Spanish town, II. 531.
Almamon, II. 531—his patronage of
science, II. 692; of astronomy, III. 734
and of medicine, XX. 825.
Almanack, II. 531—old almanacks, III.
541, 542.
  (Nautical), II. 532 ; XIV. 279—
its use in finding longitude, XIII. 560.
Almansa, Spanish city, II. 533.
Almansor (Caliph), II. 533.
Almanzor, a Moorish general in Spain,
XX. 496.
Almaraz, Spanish town, II. 533.
Almaric, II. 533,
Almazan, Spanish town, II. 533.
Almazarron, Spanish town, II. 533.
Alme, Egyptian dancing-girls, II. 533.
Almehrab, II. 534.
Almeida, II. 534 ; V. 529.
Almeisar, II. 534.
Almelo, II. 534.
Almene, II. 534.
Almeria, Spanish city, II. 534.
Almeyda (Don Francis), II. 534.
Almicantars, III. 755.
Almiggim or Almuggim, II. 537.
Almissa, II. 534.
Almohedes, dynasty, II. 534.
Almonbury, in Yorkshire, II. 535.
Almond, II. 535—ovulum in the, III. 99
—culture of the almond-tree, XI. 643.
  river in Edinburghshire, VIII.
429.
ALM— ALT
Almoner, II. 536.
A1 Monstaser, VIII. 478.
Almorah, in Hindustan, II. 536,
Almoravides, Arab tribe, II. 536.
Alms, II. 537—alms-box, ib.
Almsgiving, duty of, VI. 328—enjoined
by Mahomet, XIV. 38—objections to,
XVIII. 365.
Almucantars, II. 537.
Almucium, II. 537,
Almuggim, II. 537.
Almunecar, Spanish city, II. 537.
Alnage, II. 537.
Alnager, II. 537.
Alnwick, II. 537.
Aloa, II. 538.
Aloes poisonous to some animals, III,
166—sp. gr. of, XII. 26.
Alogians, heretics, II. 538.
Alogotrophia, IT. 538.
Alomya, insects', IX. 223,
Alonso, king of Portugal, XVIII. 463.
Alontium or Aluntium, II. 577.
Aloof, II. 538.
Alopecia, II. 538.
Alosa, fish, XII. 215.
Alost, city, II. 539.
Alouattes, in zoology, XIV. 94.
Alouchi, specific gravity of, XII. 26.
Alpaca, animal, XIV. 157 ; IV. 747.
Alp Arslan, Sultan, II. 538.
Alpha, II. 539.
Alphabet, II. 539 — Hebrew, XVII.
364—Phoenician, 366—Arabic, 371—
Ethiopic, 375—Egyptian, 377—-Sans¬
crit, 384—Bengalese, 385—Greek, 396
—Gothic, 418—for the blind, IV. 697
—finger, 699; VII. 650—origin of al¬
phabetic writing, XVII. 362—propos¬
ed universal alphabets, V. 321.
Alph^enix, II. 551.
Alphery (Mikipher), II. 551.
Alphonsin, surgical instrument, II. 551.
Alphonso I„ king of Portugal, II. 552.
—king of Arragon, XX. 496.
  III., IV., V., and VI., kings of
Portugal, II. 553, 554.
  III., king of Asturias, II. 555.
  X., king of Leon, II. 556—as¬
tronomy cultivated by, III. 736.
  V., king of Arragon and Naples,
II. 557.
Alpidium, one of the mollusca, XV. 37.
Alpini (Prospero), II. 557.
Alpiste, II. 558.
Alps, II. 558 ; IX. 406 ; XXL 46, 530,
531, 538—botany of the, V. 76—Han¬
nibal’s passage of the, VI. 196; XI. 134
—Bonaparte’s passages, X. 105, 118—
road of the Simplon, XX. 356—Splu-
genroad, XX. 547—Noric, Carinthian,
and Julian Alps, XII. 252.
 (Lower and Higher), depart¬
ments of France, II. 563.
Alpujarras, in Spain, II. 563.
Alquier, II. 563.
Alquifou, II. 563.
Alredus, historian, II. 563.
Alresford, II. 563.
Alsace, II. 563—canal of, XVI. 6.
Alsen, Danish island, II. 564.
Alsfeld, II. 564.
Alshash in Bukharia, II. 564.
Alsheda, in Sweden, II. 564.
Alsirat, II. 564.
Also-Kubin, in Hungary, II. 564.
Alsop (Anthony and Vincent), II. 564,
Alstahoug, in Norway, II. 565.
Alsted, in Denmark, II. 565.
Alstedius (John Henry), II. 565.
Alston (Charles), II. 565.
Alston-Moor. See Aldston-Moor.
Alt, in music, II. 565.
Altai Mountains, II. 565; XX. 326—
mines in the, XIX. 587.
Altaic or Mongolian race of man. See
Mongolian.
Altamont, Italian town, II. 566.
Altamura, Neapolitan city, II. 566.
Altar, II. 566 ; III. 407.
Altar-thane, II. 567.
Altdamm, in Pomerania, II. 567.
Altdorf, II. 567
ALT—AMA
Altea, Spanish town, II. 567.
Alteland, II. 567.
Alten, in Finmark, XIII. 112.
Altena, or Altona, II. 567.
Altenberg, II. 567.
Altenbruch, II. 567.
Altenburg, II. 567.
Altenheim, II. 568.
Altenkirch, II. 568.
Altenkirchen, II. 568.
Altenotting, in Bavaria, II. 568.
Alterants, in medicine, II. 568—in
dyeing, VIII. 302.
Alteration, II. 568.
Altercation, II. 568.
Alternate, II. 568.
Alternation, II. 568.
Alternative, II. 568.
Altern-base, II. 568.
Altgeorgenwalde, II. 568.
Althorp, library at, XIII. 300.
Altica, insects, IX. 184.
Altimetry, II. 568.
Altin, II. 568.
Altincar, II. 568.
Alting (Henry), II. 568.
 (James), II. 569.
Altitude, II. 570.
Altkirch, II. 570.
Altmore, II. 570.
Alto-Basso, II. 570.
Alton, II. 570—in Illinois, XII. 248.
Alto-Relievo. See Relievo.
Alto-Ripieno, in music, II. 570.
Altona, II. 570.
Altorf, II. 570.
Altranstadt, in Saxony, II. 571.
Altrincham, in Cheshire, II. 571.
Altsol, in Hungary, II. 571.
Altstrelitz, in Germany, II. 571.
Altzeg, German town, II. 571.
Alucita, insects, IX. 252.
Alum, II. 571—in mineralogy, XV. 139
—sometimes used by bakers. IV. 297
—prevents dry rot, VIII. 232—its use
in dyeing, VIII. 296, 301, 303, 317
—its specific gravity, XII. 26.
Alumina, VI. 398—salts of, 447—a mor¬
dant in dyeing, VIII. 303.
Alumine, specific gravity of, XII. 26.
Aluminite, II. 575.
Aluminum, VI. 398.
Alumstone, in mineralogy, XV. 140,
Alunite, specific gravity of, XII. 26.
Aluntium, or Alontium, II. 577.
Alured, II. 563.
Alurnus, insect, IX. 182.
Alva de Tormes, II. 577.
  (F. A. of Toledo, Duke of), II.
577—his proceedings in the Nether¬
lands, XI. 513, etseq.
Alvah, wood, II. 579.
Alvarado, in Mexico, XIV. 816.
Alvares de Luna, II. 579.
Alvarez (Francis), II. 579—his travels
in Abyssinia, 52.
 de Toledo (Don Jose), XIV. 787.
Alvearium, II. 580.
Alvelade, Portuguese town, II. 580.
Alveoli, II. 580.
Alveolus, II. 580.
Alvinz, in Croatia, II. 580.
Alvus, in anatomy, II. 580.
Alwaidii, Mahometan sect, II. 580
Alyattes, king of Lydia, XIII. 607.
Alypius, II. 580.
Alyson, insect, IX. 230.
Alytarcha, II. 581.
Alzenau, in Bavaria, II. 581.
Alzey, in Germany, II. 581.
Alzira, a Spanish town, II. 581.
Ama, II. 581.
Amabyr, II. 581.
Amack, or Amak, II. 582.
Amada, temple of, III. 415.
Amadan. See Hamadan.
Amadanager, in India, II. 581.
Amadeus V., VIII., and IX., counts of
Savoy, II. 581-2.
Amadia, in Curdistan, II. 582.
Amadow, II. 582.
Amadowry, II. 582.
Amain-, s sea-term, II. 582.
8
INDEX
AMA—AMB
Amak, island, II. 582.
Amal, Swedish town, II. 582.
Amalabic, II. 582.
Amalasontha, Hi 583.
Amalden, quicksilver mine of, XV. 257.
Amalek and Amalekites, II. 583.
Amalfi, II. 584 ; XV. 699—story of the
discovery of a copy of the Pandects at,
VI. 718.
Amalgam, II. 585; VI. 418—for elec¬
trical machines, VIII. 576.
Amalgamation, II. 585—extraction of
silver by, V. 8.
Amalth^a, II. 585.
Amalth^us, II. 585.
Amalthea, in botany, V. 49i
Amama (Sixtinus), II. 585i
Amance, II. 585
Amand (M. A. G., Sieur de St), II. 585.
• (Saint), French cities, II. 586.
Amantea, Neapolitan town, II. 586.
Amantons (M.), his telegraph, XXI. 138.
Amanus, mountain in Syria, II. 586.
Amabante, a Swedish order of knight¬
hood, II. 586.
Amaranthaceae, in botany, V. 125.
Amabguba, island, II. 586.
Amarygmus, insect, IX. 166.
Amaryllidese, in botany, V. 133.
Amasia, II. 586.
Amasis, II. 586 ; VIII. 467-8 ; XI. 324.
Amathusia, insect, IX. 242
Amativeness, faculty of, XVII. 461, 689.
Amatobii musculi, 11, 587.
Amatbice, Neapolitan city, II. 587.
Amatta Foa, island, II. 587.
Amaueosis, II. 587—in the domestic
animals, XXI. 636.
Amaziaii, king of Judah, II. 587.
Amazon, river, II. 587 ; V. 198; XIX.
253 • III. 675—vegetation of, V. 201
—Acuna’s exploratory voyage on the,
II. 133—navigation of the, 614; XVI.
28—Condamine’s voyage on the, VII.
199—its connection with the Orinoco,
XVI. 537—tides in the, XXI. 282.
Amazonia, II. 587—climate of, 612,
Amazonian Habit, II. 590.
Amazons, female warriors, IL 587,
Ambacht, II. 590,
Ambabvalia, II. 590.
Ambassadoe, II. 590,
Ambassis, fish, XII. 168.
Ambato, XVIII. 798.
Ambe, surgical instrument, II. 590.
Ambee, II. 590 ; XV. 172—electricity of,
VIII. 565—specific gravity of, XII. 26.
Ambeeg, II. 592.
Ambebgeis, II. 592; XIV. 185; XII.
512—specific gravity of, 26.
Ambebt, in France, II. 594.
Ambettuway, II. 594.
Ambiani, now Amiens, II. 594.
Ambidexteb, II. 594.
Ambient, II. 594.
Ambierle, French town, II. 594.
AMbigenje oves, II. 594.
AMbigenal Hypeebola, II. 594.
Ambigdous, II. 594,
Ambit, II. 594.
Ambition, II. 595.
Ambitus, II. 595.
Amble, II. 595 ; XI. 591.
Ambleside, in Westmoreland, II, 595.
Ambleteuse, French town, II. 595.
Amblygon, II. 595.
Amblygonite, specific gravity of, XII. 28.
AmBlyope, II. 595.
Amblyteres, insects, IX. 157.
Ambo, or Ambon, II. 595.
Ambouitsmene, in Madagascar, II. 595.
Amboise, French town, II. 595.
 (Francis and George d’), II, 595.
Amboule, in Madagascar, II. 596.
Amboyna, island, II. 596—serpents of,
XX. 137.
Ambbacia, in Epirus, II. 599.
Ambreada, II. 600.
Ambreic acid, VI. 430.
Ambeesbuby, II. 600.
Ambrones, II. 600.
Ambrose, of Alexandria, II. 600.
   (St) II. 600 | VII. 280—eaid to
AMB—AME
have first introduced antiphonal sing¬
ing, III. 255.
 (Isaac), II. 602.
Ambrosia, II. 603.
Ambrosian library at Rome, XIII. 309.
 office or rite, II. 603.
Ambeosin, coin, II. 603.
Ambeosius Aurelianus, 11, 603.
Ambey, II. 603.
Ambubaj.*, II. 603.
Ambulant, II. 603.
Ambulatory, II. 603.
Ambuebium, II. 604.
Ambury, II. 604.
Ambuscade, or Ambush, II. 604.
Amby, in the Netherlands, II. 604.
Amedabat, in Hindostan, II. 604.
Amedians, monks, II. 604,
Ameilhon on the classification of books,
IV. 631, 632.
Ameiva, reptiles, XIX. 139,
Amelandj island, II. 604.
Amelia, II. 604.
Amelot de la Houssai (Nicholas), II. 604,
Amelotte (Denis), 11, 605—his French
New Testament, IV. 616.
Amen, II. 605.
Amend or Amende, II 605.
Amende Honorable, II. 605.
Amendment, II. 605.
Amenoph, VIII. 463.
Amenophion, or Memnonium, at Thebes
in Egypt, VIII. 538.
Amenophis III., his encouragement of
the military spirit among the Egyp¬
tians, III. 581.
Amenophthes, XI. 324.
Amenses, XI. 323.
Amentacese, in botany, V. 130.
Amentum, II. 605 ; V. 40, 49.
Amerade, II. 605.
Amercement, or Amerciament, II. 605.
Amerhinus, insect, IX. 174.
America, II. 605—armies of, III. 616—
Indian bibles, IV. 618—botany of, V.
76—Cabot’s discoveries in, 766—ca¬
noes, VI. 89—discovery of, by Colum¬
bus, VII. 130, 159; X, 399—effects on
commerce, of the influx of gold and
silver from, VII. 16 0—emigration to,
VIII. 686—unoccupied lands in, 687
—insects of, IX. 103—fur-trade of, X.
260—variation of the needle in, XIII.
735, 737—languages of, XVII. 423,
555—volcanoes, 512—cataracts, 525
—animals, 551—peopling of, 555—
course of rivers, XIX. 252—Robert¬
son’s History of, 301—Popery in, 316
—Russian possessions in, 590—ser¬
pents, XX. 133, 137—negro slavery,
384—steam-navigation to, 691—is the
sugar cane a native of? 791—timber
of, XXI. 295.
—*  (North), aurora borealis in, IV.
196—Humboldt’s vertical section of,
402—war between the British and
French in, V. 383-4—Canadian In¬
dians, VI. 65—remarkable wooden
bridge in, 292—temperature of, 764;
XVII. 543—British colonies in, VII.
124—exports from Britain to, 161—
anticipated drainage of the great lakes
of, VIII. 512, n. 2—mines, XV. 260-
inland navigation, XVI. 23—birds, 552
—plains, XVII. 502—heights of moun¬
tains of, 505, 556—volcanoes in, 514
—lakes, 522, 523—climate, 544—In¬
dians, XVIII. 55—map of, II. PI. 22.
 (South), French scientific expe¬
dition to, V. 144 ; IX. 548—recogni¬
tion by Britain of the independence of
the republics of, 560—trade with Eng¬
land, VIII. 779, 781—mines, XV. 264
—inland navigation, XVI. 28—birds,
552—plains, XVII. 502—heights of
mountains of, 505, 556—volcanoes in,
513—lakes, 522—equinoxial plants,
546—map of, II. PI. 23.
American Indians, II. 615; VI. 65;
XVIII. 55—their countenance, XIV.
198, 199, 200—traditions of the De¬
luge aihong them, VII. 699—two great
daises of North American Indians,
AME—AMO
XVII. 423, n.—American variety of
human species, XVII. 555, 697, 698.
See Cherokees, Esquimaux, &c.
 — War, V. 390, 397, et seq. —Burke’s
opposition to the, 713—compensation
to the loyalists, 448.
Americas Vespucius. See /cspucci.
Amersfort, a Dutch city, II. 654.
Amersham, in Bucks, II. 654.
Ames (Fisher), II. 654.
 (William), D.D., II. 655.
Ames’s “ Typographical Antiquities,”
IV. 623.
Amesbury, in Wilts, II. 655.
Amethyst^ II. 655; XV. 157—its speci¬
fic gravity, XII. 26—circular polariza¬
tion in, XVI. 501.
Amethystine, II. 655.
Amhar, or Amhara, II. 655, 58.
Amharic alphabet, II. 549—language,
XVII. 376.
Amherst, in India, II. 655i
 (General), V. 384.
Amhuest (Nicholas), II. 655.
Amia, fish, XII. 216.
Amianthinite, sp. gr. of, XII. 26;
Amianthus, or Asbestus, II. 656—its
specific gravity, XII. 26.
Amicable, II. 656—benches, ib.—num¬
bers, ib.
Amici’s micrometer, XV. 16—his micro¬
scopes, 39, 42.
Amictus, II. 656.
Amiculum, II. 656.
Amicus Curi*, II. 656.
Amida, Japanese god, II. 656.
Amidin, VI. 477.
Amiens, II. 656—cotton-manufacture
of, VII. 417—peace of, V. 506-8 ; X.
121, 126; XV. 729.
 Lamp, XIII. 42.
Amilcae, Hi 656. See Hamilcar.
Amilicti, II. 657.
Amirante, II. 657.
Amisus, a city in Pontus, II. 657.
Amittere legem TERR.*, II. 657.
Amlwich, in Wales, II. 657.
Amma, II. 657.
Amman, in Palestine, XVI. 746.
 (John Conrad), II. 657.
 (Paul), II. 657.
 or Ammant, II. 657.
Ammianus Marcell-inus, II. 657.
Ammirato (Scipio), II. 658.
Ammobates, insects, IX. 234.
AmmocseteSj fishes, XII. 237.
Ammochrysos, II. 658.
Ammodytes, fishes, XII. 227.
Ammomooka, island, XVIII. 322.
Ammon, II. 658 ; XI. 319.
Ammonia, VI. 367—salts of, 445—sac-
charate of, 472—specific gravity of,
XII. 26—its poisonous quality, XIV.
502,503.
Ammoniac, II. 659; VI. 491—sal-am¬
moniac, II. 659.
Ammonites, people of Palestine, II. 663
—in conchology, XV. 345; VII. 366.
Ammonius, of Alexandria, II. 663 ;
XVII. 406, n. 2.
  —, ancient lithotomist, XX. 822.
Ammophilus, insect, IX. 229.
Ammothea, genus of arachnides, III. 367.
Ammu river, XVI. 687.
Ammunition, II. 664.
Amnesty, II. 664.
Amnios, II. 664; XVII. 694—in botany,
V. 47—of seeds of plants, III. 99.
Amoebjeum, a kind of poem, II. 664.
Amol, a town in Asia,TI. 664.
Amomese, in botany, V. 132.
Amoneburg, in Germany, II. 664.
Amontons (Guillaume), II. 664—his ba¬
rometer, IV. 391, 393—his firo-wheol,
X. 554.
Amoejeans, II. 665.
Amorbach, in Bavaria, II. 665.
Amorgo, island, II. 685.
AMORitks, II. 665.
Amortization, in law, II. 665.
Amos, prophet, II. 665.
Amosis, VIII. 463,
Amour, river, II. 665;
AMO—AMY
Amoy, II. 665; VIII. 692.
Ampelidea;, in botany, V. 103.
Ampelis, bird, XVI. 570.
AmpelitEs, or eannel-eoal, II. 665.
Ampfere (Mons.), elegant experiment of,
on the projection of water through a
vertical slit, I. 611—on electro-mag¬
netism, VIII. 574; XXI. 684—on op¬
tics, XVI. 373—his electro-dynamic
cylinders, XXI. 685—his revolving
battery, ib.—his electripeter, 689.
Ampheres, II. 666.
Amphiaraus, Greek prophet, II. 666-
oracle of, XVI. 516.
Amphibia, II. 666; XIV. 123; XIX.
125—their teeth, III. 32—structure
of, XVII. 705.
Amphibology, II. 667.
Amphibrachys, II. 667.
Amphicoma, insects, IX. 160.
Amphicome, II. 667.
Amphictyon, king of Attica, IV. 142.
Amphictyons, assembly, II. 667.
Amphidromia, II. 667.
Amphidryon, II. 667.
Amphilochius, bishop of Iconium in
the fourth century, II. 667.
Amphilochus, diviner, II. 667.
Amphimacer, II. 667.
Amphinome, worm, XI. 219.
Amphion, in mythology, II. 667.
Amphipoda, Crustacea, VII. 502.
Ampiiipoles, II. 668;
Amphippii, II. 668.
Amphiprion, fish, XII. 176.
Amphipror^e, ancient ships, II. 668.
Amphiprostyle, II. 668 ; HI. 464.
Amphisbsena, serpent, XX. 123.
Amphisbasnidae, serpents, XX. 123.
AmphIscii, II. 668 ; X. 409.
Amphisile, fish, XII. 197.
Amphistoma, zoophyte, XXI. 996.
Amphitheatre, II. 668; HI. 443.
Amphitrite, in mythology, II. 670—•
worm, XI. 218.
Amphitryon, II. 670.
Amphiuma, reptiles, XIX. 161
Amphora, II. 670.
AmphoraRium VInum, II. 670.
Amphotides, II. 670.
Amplexus, in conchology, XV. 345.
Ampliation, II. 670.
Amplitude, in astronomy, II. 670; III.
754—magnetical, II. 670.
Ampsancti Vallis, II. 670.
Ampthill, II. 670—Park, IV. 517;
Ampulex, insect, IX. 229.
Ampulla, II. 671.
Ampullaria, in conchology, XV. 348.
Ampurias, in Catalonia, II. 671.
Amputation, XX. 836—now less resort
ed to than formerly, 834.
Amraphel, king of Shinar, II. 671.
Amras, in Germany, II. 671.
Amritsir, in Hindostan, II. 671.
Amru-Ebn-al-As, a famous Saracen
leader, II. 671, 410; VIII. 477.
Amrum, Danish island, II. 671.
Amsdorfians, religious sect, II. 671.
Amsterdam, II. 671—corn-trade of, VII,
363—manufacture of diamonds at,
VIII. 6—population of, XV. 557—
canal of, XVI. 5—bank of, XVII. 45
—measures used in, XXL 846—weights
used in, 848.
  (Island of), II. 672; IV. 217;
XVIII. 322.
Amulet, II. 672.
Amun, Egyptian deity, VIII. 553.
Amur, river, II. 665.
Amurath I. emperor, II. 672 ; XXI.
411; VIL 289.
 II. emperor, II, 673 ; XXL 411;
VII. 289.
 HI. emperor, XXL 412.
  — IV. emperor, II. 678; XXL 412.
Amusement, necessity and importance
of, III. 267—natura. desire of, YIII.
179.
Amwell, in Hertfordshire, II. 673.
Amworth, vitrified fort at, IX. 758;
Amygdalese, in botany, V. 107.
Amygdaloid in Iceland, XII. 148.
INDEX
9
AMY—ANA
Amylaceous, II. 673.
Amylin, VI. 477.
Amynta, II. 673.
Amyntas, king of Macedon, XIII. 620.
Amyntor, II. 65 3.
Amyot (James), bishop of Auxerre, and
grand almoner of France, II. 673.
Amyraldism, II. 673.
Amyraut (Moses), II. 673.
Amyrideae, in botany, V. 106.
Amyris, in botany, IV. 322.
Ana, II. 673.
Anabaptists, II. 678 ; XIV. 560—per¬
secution of, in Queen Elizabeth’s reign,
VIII. 7 57. '
Anabas, fish, XII. 190.
ANABASfl, II. 680.
Anabates, birds, XVI. 588.
Anabathra, II. 680.
Anableps, fish, XII. 199—its eyes, III.
22.
Anaboa, island, II. 680.
Anabob-eum, or Anabole, II. 680,
Anaboleus, II. 680.
Anacalypteria, II. 680.
Anacampteria, II. 680.
Anacamptic, II. 680.
Anacanthus, fish, XII. 235.
Anacardieae, in botany, V. 106.
Anacardium, in botany, V. 68.
Anaceium, in ancient Athens, IV. 118.
Anacharsis, Scythian, II. 680.
Anachoret, II. 680.
Anachronism, II. 680.
Anaclastic Glasses, II. 680.
Anaclastics, II. 680.
Anacleteria, ancient festival, II. 680.
Anacleticum, II. 680.
Anaclinopale, II. 680.
Anaclinteria, II. 680.
Anacollema, II. 681.
Anaconda, serpent, II. 681.
Anacreon, II. 681—his address to the
Cicada, IX. 202.
Anacreontic verse, II. 681.
Anacrisis, II. 681.
Anacrosis, II. 681.
Anadema, II. 681.
Anadiplosis, II. 681.
Anadromcs, in ichthyology, II. 681.
Anaduomene Venus, II. 681.
Anaedeia, II. 681.
Anaemia, XVII. 126.
Anagnosta, II. 681.
Anagogical, II. 681.
Anagogy, or Anagoge, II. 681.
Anagram, II. 681.
Anagrammatist, II. 682.
Anagros, II. 682.
Anahuac, in Texas, XIV. 819.
Anahuatlels, II. 622.
Anak, II. 682. »
Analcime, a mineral, XV. 150—specific
gravity of, XII. 26—double refraction
of, XVI. 369, 489.
Analecta, II. 682.
Analemma, II. 682.
Analepsis, ii. 682.
Analeptics, II. 682.
Analogy, II. 682—evidence of, XIV.
640—reasoning from, XVII. 442,464
—Socrates fond of teaching by, XX.
465.
.Analysis, II. 682—Condillac on, VII.
206, 207—algebraic, II. 420—ancient
geometrical, XX. 359. See Geome¬
try, new.
Analytic, or Analytical, II. 683.
Anamboa, in Guinea, II. 683.
Anamim, II. 683.
Anammelech, II. 683.
Anamorphosis, II. 683 ; XVII. 284,
Ananas, XI. 660
Anancitis, II. 683.
Ananias, a Sadducee, II. 683,
Ananisabta, II. 683.
Anapaest, II. 683.
Anafestic Verses, II. 683.
Anapera, insects, IX. 293.
Anaphora, II. 683.
Anaplasis, II. 683.
Anaplognathides, insects, IX. 157.
A.n aploretics, II. 683.
ANA—AND
Anarchi, II. 683.
Anarchy, II. 683.
Anarnacus, in zoology', XIV. 182.
Anarrhichas, fish, XII. 193.
Anarropia, II. 683.
Anas, bird, XVI. 638.
Anaspis, insect, IX. 168.
Anastasio (St), Italian city, II. 683.
Anastasis, II. 683.
Anastasius I, and II., Roman emperors,
II. 683.
 Bibliothecarius, II. 684.
Anastomatics, II. 684.
Anastomosis, II. 684 ; XVII. 639—of
arteries, II. 719—of veins, 723.
Anastomus, fish, XII. 212.
 , bird, XVI. 620.
Anastrophe, II. 684.
Anatase, in mineralogy, XV. 161.
Anathema, II. 684.
Anatifer, in conchology, XV. 340.
Anatocism, II. 684.
Anatolia, or Natolia, XV. 737—coast of,
IV. 661.
Anatomy (human), II. 684—Dr Barclay
on its nomenclature, IV. 378—study
of, necessary for correct drawing,
VIII. 183—London school of, XIII.
517—in relation to medicine, XIV.
514—its influence on the advancement
of physiology, 516—physiology found¬
ed on, XVII. 584—history of, II. 685 ;
XVII. 728. See Surgery.
 (comparative), III. 1—its uti¬
lity, XVII. 584. See Comparative
Anatomy, Animal Kingdom, Entomo¬
logy, Ichthyology, Ornithology, &c,
 (pathological), XIV. 517—its im¬
portance, XVII. 496.
 (vegetable), III. 41. See Tim¬
ber, and Vegetable Physiology.
Anaxagoras, III. 101; X. 422; XX.
439, 448—his astronomy, III. 727; I.
452—on the quadrature of the circle,
XX. 552.
Anaxander, Greek actor, VIII. 150.
Anaxarchus, a Greek philosopher of
the Eleatic sect, III. 102.
Anaximander, III. 102 ; X. 422—his
astronomy, III. 727.
Anaximandrians, III. 102.
Anaximines, philosopher, III, 102; X.
422—his astronomy, 727.
 , Greek historian, III. 102.
Anbar, a town in Asia, III. 103.
Anbertkend, III. 103.
Ancarano, Italian town, III. 103.
Ancaster, in Lincolnshire, III. 103.
Ancenis, in France, III. 103,
Ancestors, III. 103.
Anchises, III. 103.
Ancholm Canal, XVI. 8.
Anchomenus, insect, IX. 128.
Anchonus, insect, IX. 174.
Anchor, III. 103; XX. 55—forging of,
XII. 443-4—Indian mode of weighing,
XIV. 429—in architecture, III. 109-
in heraldry, ib.
Anchor-ground, III. 109.
Anchor-scapement, VI. 769.
Anchovy, XII. 216—fishery, XV. 704.
Ancient, III. 109—demesne, ib.
^.ncienty, III. 109.
Ancilla, in conchology, XV. 346.
Ancillon (M.), on the doctrines of the
French and German schools of philo¬
sophy, I. 186.
Ancona, in Italy, II. 109 ; XVII. 3.
Ancones, in architecture, III. 109.
Anconitanus on inscriptions, XII. 292.
Ancourt (Florent Carton d’), III. 109.
Ancram Muir, battle of, XIX. 731.
Ancre, French town, III. 109.
Ancus Ma^tius, III. 109 ; XIX. 364.
Ancyle, ancient shield, III. 109.
Ancyloblepharon, III. 109.
Ancylodon, fish, XII. 176.
Ancyloglossuij, III. 109.
Ancyloscelis, insect, IX. 234.
Ancylosis, in surgery, III. 110.
Ancylus, in conchology, XV. 348,
Andabat.*, III. 110.
Andalusia, III. 110—New, ib.
AND—AND
Andalusite, XV. 155—its sp. gr. XII. 26.
Andaman Islands, III. 11Q.
Andante, in music, III. 111.
Andeer, XX. 547.
Andegavj, or Andegavus, III. Ill,
Andelys, in France, III. 111.
Andena, III. 111.
Andeol (St), French town, III. 111.
Anderab, III. 111.
Anderavia, or Inderabia, III. 111.
Andernacht, German town, III. 111.
Andero (St), Spanish town, III. 111.
Anderson (Alex.), mathematician. III.
Ill; X. 429, 766.
 (Sir Edmund), III. 112.
 (Dr James), III. 112—his culture
of the bread-fruit, V. 212, 213.
  (Professor John), on evapora¬
tion, IX. 430,431—university founded
by, X. 540—on hygrometry, XII. 125
—how far the originator of mechanics’
institutions, XIV. 460.
 (Robert), III. 114.
Andes, III. 115; II. 606-9 ; XVII. 302 ;
XIX. 253 ; XXL 592—their geology,
II. 609 ; VI. 528—their influence on
the climate of South America, II. 610
—were the seats of ancient American
civilization, 622—their elevation a con¬
jectured cause of the Deluge, VII.
700—of Bolivia, IV. 745—of Chili, VI.
522—of Colombia, VII. 89.
Andeuse, a French city, III. 119.
Andorre, or Andorra, III. 119.
Andover, a town in Hampshire, III.
119—canal, XVI. 8.
 (n Massachusetts, XIV. 303, 306.
Andra, or Andros, pashalic of, III. H9.
Andrada (Antonio d’), his travels in Asia,
III. 697.
 (Diego de Payva d’), III. 119.
Andral, on latent disease of gall-bladder
and brain, XVII. 478, 480—on dis¬
eases of stomach and liver, 481; and
spleen, 482—on worm-diseases, 483—
on sympathetic affections of the brain,
484—on softening of the brain, 489—
on pneumonia, 493.
Andrapodismus, III. 120.
Andrapodocapeli, III. 120.
Andr6 (Pere), op beauty, IV. 485.
Andreani (Paul), aeronaut, II. 188.
Andreanofskie Islands, II. 404.
Andreas (John), III. 120.
 (St), Hungarian town. III. 120.
 of Carystus, surgeon, XX. 822.
Andreasberg, in Hanover, III. 120.
Andrelinus (Publius Faustus), III. 120.
Andrcna, insects, IX. 232.
Andrenetse, insects, IX. 232.
Andreossy, his description of hydraulic
obelisks at Constantinople, III. 319.
Andretta, Neapolitan town, III. 120.
Andrew (St), III. 120—order of, ib.;
XXI. 244.
Andrews (St), city, III. 120; XIX. 703
—university of, XIX. 765 ; XXI, 508
—university-library, XIII. 303.
 (James Pettit), III. 122.
 (Lancelot), III. 123.
 (Professor), on thermo-electri¬
city, XXI. 699.
Andrez (Abbate), on the history of paper,
XVII. 11.
Andria, HI. 123.
Andriscus, III. 123.
Androceecum, in botany, V. 43.
Andrqgeus, son of Minos, III. 123.
Androgynes, III. 123.
Androides, III. 123.
Androlepsy, III. 124.
Andromache, wife of Hector, III. 124.
Andromeda, in astronomy, III. 124—in
botany, V. 60, 69.
Andron, HI. 124.
Andron^, III. 125.
Andronigus I., Comnenus, III. 125.
 of Cyrrhus, III. 125.
— (Livius), XIII. 401 ; VIII. J51
—his poetry, XVIII. 153.
Androphagi, III. 126.
Andros, island, III. 119, 126.
Andrum, III. 126.
AND—ANI
Andry on animal magnetism, XIV. 3.
Andrychow, in Galicia, III. 126.
Andujan, Spanish city, III. 126.
Anduze, French town, III. 126.
Anecdotes, II. 126.
Anegada, XVI. 76 ; XXL 660.
Anemometer, HI. 126; XIV. 7415
XVII. 538; XVIII. 113—for railway-
carriages, XIX. 45.
Anemone, culture of, XI. 683.
Anemoscope, IV. 388 ; XVII. 538.
Anemur, III. 126.
Aneurism, XVII. 482, 483—John Hun¬
ter’s operation for the cure of, XX.
830—surgical treatment of, XX. 839.
Aneyzy, III. 326.
Anfrye’s assaying furnace. III. 710,715.
Angar, island, III. 126.
Angara, river, III. 126.
Angari, or Angarii, III. 126.
Angaria, III. 127.
Angazya, island, III. 127.
Angeiotomy, in surgery, III. 127.
Angels, III. 127—Gnostic doctrine of a
hierarchy of, 297—views of the Ma¬
hometans respecting, XIV. 33.
Angel-fish, XII. 234.
Angelica, XI. 675.
Angelics, sect of heretics, III. 127.
 , order of knights. III. 127.
Angelites, sect of heretics, III. 127.
Angelo (Michael). See Michael Angelo.
 (St), Italian town, III. 127.
Angelot, an ancient English gold coin,
III. 127.
Angelus (Isaac), III. 125.
Anger, III. 127—properly regulated, be
comes a sense of justice, I. 407.
Angerburg, in Prussia, III. 128.
Angermanlands-Lapmark, III. 128.
Angermunde, in Prussia, III. 128.
Angerona, pagan deity, III. 128.
Angers, ip France, III. 128.
Anghiera, Italian town, III. 128.
Angiospermse, in botany, V. 128.
Angle, HI. 128 ; X. 432—solid, 457.
See Goniometry, X. 610.
Angles, old German nation, III. 132.
Anglesey, island, III. 132—druids in,
VIII. 203.
 (Arthur, earl of), III. 197.
 (marquis of), on Catholic eman¬
cipation, V. 575—his government of
Ireland, XII. 389.
Angling, III. 132—for char, XII. 210.
Anglo-calvinists, III. 151.
Anglo-Norman Gothic architecture, III.
454.
Anglo-Norman language, JX. 39.
Anglo-Saxon, III. 151—written cha¬
racters, II. 549—language, IX. 38 ;
XIII. 86 ; V. 295—institutions, VIII.
710—grammar, XIX. 73—version of
Scripture, 790—thanes, XXI. 190.
Angola, in Africa, III. 151.
Angon, III. 153.
Angora, a city in Asia, III. 153.
Angot, in Abyssinia, III. 153.
Angou, province of Congo, III. 153.
Angouleme, in France, HI. 153.
Angoumois, in France, III. 153.
Angra, a city in Tercera, one of the
Azores, III. 154.
Angri, Neapolitan town, III. 154.
Anguidoe, serpents, XX. 122.
Anguilla, fish, XII. 223—angling for, HI.
148.
Anguilliformes, in ichthyology, III.
154; XII. 223.
Anguine Syren, XIII. 340.
Anguinum ovum, a fabulous egg, III,
154; VIII. 208.
Anguis, serpent, XX. 123.
Angus, in Scotland, III. 154.
Angusticlavia, III. 154.
Anhalt-Bernburg, III. 154.
Anhalt-Dessau, III. 154.
Anh^lt-Kothen, III. 154.
Anholt, Danish island, III. 155.
Anhydrite, a mineral, XV, 140—its spa.
cific gravity, XII. 26.
Anianus, his Brevarium, VI. 714.
Anicetus, XVIII. 362
10
INDEX
ANI—ANN
Aniiulo. See Massaniello.
Animal Kingdom, III. 155.
Animals—changes on European animals
naturalized in America, II. 653—diffi¬
culty of defining the term, III. 155—
wherein different from plants, II. 685;
III. 155-8—substances of which com¬
posed, 158—harmonious combination
Of their organs, 159—variety of organi¬
zation among, ib.—classification of,
ib., 169, et seq. ; II. 705; XVII. 549,
585—classifications of Linnaeus, III.
171; Virey,ib.; Lamarck, 172; Dume-
ril, 177; Blainville, 177;Macleay, 178;
and Cuvier, 179—no change of species
produced by time, climate, or other
secondary causes, 160 —geographical
distribution of, XVII. 549 ; III. 161;
II. 652—what constitutes a species, III.
161—hybrids generally barren, ib 
doctrine of equivocal generation of,
162 ; XXI. 992—brain and nervous
System in different classes of, III. 163;
see Brain, &c.—insensibility of many
to pain, 164—cruelty to, 165—senses
of, 165—aliment of, 166 ; see Food
—nature of the flesh of different, ib.
—power of resisting starvation, 167;
II. 46—hybernation of, III. 167—pair¬
ing of, 168—obscure case, of animal
and vegetable life combined, 186, 191
—electricity of, VIII. 609—effects of
light on, XIII. 340—effects of electri¬
city on, VIII. 638—effects of galvan¬
ism on, XXI. 681—equilibrium and
motion of, XIV. 380—strength of, 430
extinct, XV. 225—geological succes¬
sion of, 238—number of species, XVII.
549—application of physiology to zoo¬
logy, 585—imaginary gradation of ani¬
mals, 587—mutual destruction of, 560,
note—small animals remarkable for
strength and agility, XX. 770. See
Brute, Zoology, Natural History.
Animal bodies, characteristics of, II. 705
—chemical constituents of, VI. 492—
more easily dyed than vegetable, VIII.
298—effects of electricity on, 638.
•  Flower, III. 155,
    Food, XVII. 624; VIII. 23 ; IX.
721—preservation of, 729.
 Magnetism, XIV. 1.
•  Mechanics, XIV. 524.
■ Poisons, XIV. 507, 526.
Animalcules, III. 180—Spallanzani on,
XX. 523—limestone and chalk pro¬
duced by, XXI. 1021.
Animated, III. 193.
Animation, III. 193.
Anime, in heraldry, HI. 193—resin) ib_
—its specific gravity, XII. 26.
Animetta, III. 193.
Aninga, III. 193.
Anisomera, insects, IX. 261.
Anisonyx, insect, IX. 160.
Anjar, in Hindostan, III. 155.
Anjengo, in Hindostan, III. 155.
Anjou, HI. 193—Duke of, XVI. 107.
Anker, liquid measure, HI. 193.
Ankerite, a mineral, XV. 142.
Ankerstrom, assassin, V. 464.
Anklam, in Pomerania, III. 193.
Ankle-bone, II. 791—joint, 792
Anlaff, VIII. 703.
Ann, or Annat, III. 194.
Anna, or Ana, in Arabia, III. 194.
•   Comnena, III. 194.
Annaberg, German city, III. 194.
Annaciinan, island, HI. 194.
Annagh, island, HI. 194.
Annals, III. 194.
Annan, in Dumfriesshire, III. 194.
Annand (William), HI. 195.
Annapolis, a town in Maryland, XIV. 273
—river and town in Nova Scotia, XVI.
284, 286.
Anne, queen of Great Britain, III. 195
reign of, V. 367—her death and cha¬
racter, 373—duelling in her reign,
VIII. 254—her navy, XVI. 42.
- Boleyn. See Boleyn.
 > empress of Russia, XIX. 546.
“ of Cloves, VIIL 7 49;
ANN—ANT
Anne’s (St) Day, III. 195.
Annealing, III. 196—of metals, XX.
756.
Annecy, Sardinian city, III. 197.
Annelida, structure of, XVII. 720.
Annelides, worms, XI. 216.
 , mollusca, XV. 349.
Annesley (Arthur), III. 197.
 (Maurice), V. 377.
Annett (Peter), his “ History of the
Man after God’s own Heart,” VI. 317.
Anniversary, III. 197.
Annobon, African island, III. 197.
Annona, III. 198.
Annon.® Pr^efectus, III. 198.
Annonay, French town, HI. 198.
Annot, French city, HI. 198.
Annotta, dye-stuff, III. 235 ; VIII. 320;
XL 23; XII. 27—tree, VII. 706.
Annover, Spanish town, HI. 198.
Annualrent, in law, III. 198.
Annuitants, their lives not so select as
is generally supposed. III. 203.
Annuities, HI. 198—tables of, 229-
application of algebra to calculations
of, II. 473—Government’s loss by, V.
572—borrowing upon, XII. 325—ex¬
pectation of life in different countries,
XVIII. 420 ; in England, 424. See
Probability.
Annulet, HI. 235 —in architecture,
464—in heraldry, XI. 251 ; PI. 277.
Annulosa, HI. 235 ; IX. 94 ; II. 706.
Annunciada, HI. 235.
Annunciation, HI. 235.
Anobium, insect, IX. 146.
Anodonta, in conchology, XV. 344.
Anodyne, II. 235.
Anointers, religious sect, III. 235.
Anointing, XXI. 448.
Anolius, reptile, XIX. 145.
Anolympiades, ancient games, HI. 235.
Anomalistical Year, HI. 235.
Anomalous, HI. 235—verbs, ib.
Anomaly, HI. 235.
Anomia, in conchology, XV. 343.
Anomceans, HI. 235.
Anomorhomboidia, spars, III. 235.
Anonacese, in botany, V. 95.
Anonymous books, HI. 235 ; IV. 627.
Anopheles, insects, IX. 259.
Anorexia, III. 235.
Anorthite, specific gravity of, XII. 26.
Anossi, III. 235.
Anotia, insects, IX. 203.
Anotta, dye-stuff, HI. 235; VIII. 320 •
XL 23 ; XII. 27—tree, VII. 706. ’
Anous, bird, XVI. 633.
Anout, island, III. 236.
Anquetil (Lewis), HI. 236.
 (Abraham), III. 236.
Ans.e, in astronomy. III. 237.
Ansarians, III. 237.
Ansbach, in Bavaria, HI. 237.
Anse, French town, III. 237.
Anselm, archbishon of Canterbury, III
237; I. 309 ; VIII. 714.
Anser, bird, XVI. 636.
Ansiko, African kingdom, HI. 238.
Anslo, Norwegian port, HI. 238.
Anson (George, Lord), III. 238—his
voyage round the world, V. 379 •
XVd. 54 his visit to the Ladrone
Islands, XIII. 10 ; XVIII. 317—Nar¬
rative of his Voyage, XIX. 303.
Anstruther (Easter), III. 238.
 (Wester), HI. 239.
Ant, III. 239; IX. 227—mode of de¬
stroying ants, XII. 293.
 (white), or termes, II. 229.
Ant a, or Ahanta, in Africa, III. 244.
Antacids, HI. 245.
Anta;, in architecture, III. 244,461,464.
Antaeopolis, ruins of, VIII. 544.
Ant a us, giant, HI. 245; XIV. 330.
 > Egyptian deity, VIII. 553.
Antagogue, III. 245.
Antalcidas, peace of, XX. 527.
Antalia, XIX. 652.
Antalo, in Abyssinia, III. 245.
Ant an aclasis, a figure in rhetoric, III.
245.
Antandrus, VI. 187.
ANT—ANT
Antarctic, III. 245.
Antares, star, III. 245.
Antavare, in Madagascar, III. 245.
Anteambulones, III. 245.
Ant-eater, XIV. 143-4—its teeth, HI. 32.
Antecedent, III. 245.
Antecessor, III. 245.
Antecursores, HI. 245.
Antediluvians, III. 245.
Antefixse, in architecture, III. 464.
Antejuramentum, III. 246.
Antelope, XIV. 162—African, II. 228.
Antelucan, HI. 247.
Antemonic acid, VI. 385.
Antemurale, HI. 247.
Antenati, III. 247.
Antenclema, in oratory. III. 247.
Antenicene, HI. 247.
Antennae of insects, IX. 70—their func¬
tions in ants, HI. 240—and in bees,
IV. 522.
Antenor, HI. 247.
Antepagmenta, HI. 247.
Antepenultima, III. 247.
Antepilani, HI. 247.
Antepileptics, HI. 247.
Anteposition, III. 247.
Antepredicaments, HI. 247.
Antequera, in Spain, III. 247.
Anteros, III. 247 ; VII. 549.
Antesignani, Roman soldiers, HI. 247.
Antestari, III. 247.
Antestature, in fortification, HI. 247.
Anthelmintic powder, kind of, recom¬
mended by Dr Alston, II. 565.
Anthem, III. 247.
Anthemius, Roman emperor, XIX. 423.
 of Tralles, his plan of the
dome of the church of St Sophia at
Constantinople, HI. 380, 389 —on
Archimedes’s burning-glasses, V. 728.
Anther, in botany, V. 43, 44 ; III. 95,97.
Anthesphoria, an ancient Sicilian fes¬
tival, III. 247.
Anthesteria, Athenian feast, HI. 247.
Anthesterion, the sixth Athenian
month, HI. 247.
Anthia, insects, IX. 115.
Anthiacum, insect, IX. 233.
Anthicides, insects, IX. 168.
Anthidium, insect, IX. 234.
Anthius, fish, XII. 168.
Anthobii, insects, IX; 160.
Anthocephalus, zoophyte, XXI. 995.
Antiiologton, HI. 248.
Anthology, HI. 248.
Anthomyia, insects, IX. 284.
Anthony (Saint) HI. 248—knights of,
ib.—order of, ib.—St Anthony’s fire, ib.
Anthophila, insects, IX. 232.
Anthophora, insects, IX. 134.
Anthophyllite, XV. 149—its specific gra¬
vity, XII. 26;
Anthorismus, in rhetoric, III. 248.
Anthozoa, zoophytes, XXI. 1021.
Anthracite, XV. 172; IV. 702 ; VI.
368—now employed in smelting iron
by hot blast, XX. 408.
Anthrax, III. 248—insect, IX. 267;
Anthrenus, insect, IX. 149.
Anthribus, insect, IX. 172.
Anthropoglottus, III. 248.
Anthropoides, birds, XVI. 618.
Anthropolatra:, HI. 248.
Anthropolatria, HI. 248.
Anthropolites, III. 248.
Anthropology, HI. 248. See Man.
Anthropomancy, HI. 248.
Anthropomorpha, III. 248.
Anthropomorphism, HI. 248.
Anthropomorphites, heretics, III. 248.
Anthropomorphous, III. 248.
Anthropopathy, HI. 248.
Anthropophagi, HI. 248. See Can¬
nibal.
Anthroposcopia, III. 249.
Anthroposophy, XIV. 599.
Anthropothysia, III. 249. See Sacri¬
fice.
Anthus, bird, XVI. 577.
AnthypophoRa, in rhetoric, HI. 249;
I Anti, III. 249;
I Antibacchius, III. 249.
ANT—ANT
Antibes, a French town, III. 249.
Antiburghers, XX. 64—schism among
them, XIII. 660.
Antichrist, III. 249.
Antichristianism, III. 249.
Antichthones, HI. 249.
Anticoste, island, HI. 249.
AntidicomAi,ianites, III. 249.
Antidoron, III. 249.
Antidosis, HI. 249.
Antidotes, XI V.500, etseq.; XVIII. 180,
181.
Antigonus I., III. 250.
 Gonatas, HI. 250 ; IV. 127.
Antigraphus, HI. 250.
Antigua, island, HI. 251.
 (La), in Guatimala, XI. 18.
Antiguggler, III. 251.
Anti-Libanus, XVI. 744.
Antilles, or Caribbee islands, HI. 251 ;
VI. 141.—serpents of, XX. 137.
Antilogarithm, III. 251.
Antilogy, III. 251.
Antilope, genus of mammalia, XIV. 161.
Antimensium, III. 251.
Antimeria, in grammar. III. 251.
Antimetabole, in rhetoric, III. 251.
Antimetathesis, in rhetoric. III. 251.
Antimoniet of potassium, VI. 394—of
iron, 406.
Antimonious acid, VI. 385.
Antimony, HI. 251; VI. 384—native,
XV. 164—salts of protoxide of, VI.
453—Basil Valentine on, 344—spe¬
cific gravity of, XII. 26—sometimes
poisonous, XIV. 502.
Antimony-blende, a mineral, XV. 170.
Antimony-glance, a mineral, XV. 169.
Antimony-mica, a mineral, XV. 147.
Antinog, ruins of, VIIL 544.
Antinoeia, III. 251.
Antinomians, heretics. III. 251.
Antinous, III. 252.
Antioch, III. 252—aqueduct at, 318—
Mundane era of, VI. 659—Caisarean
era of, 660;
Antiochian Sect and Epoch, HI. 253.
Antiochus of Ascalon, III. 253.
■  the Great, his war with the Ro¬
mans, XIX. 387 ; XL 476.
  Epiphanes, XI. 477—his inva¬
sion of Egypt, VIIL 472—his treat¬
ment of the Jews, XII. 569; XIX.
387.
Antiope, HI. 253.
Antip^dobaptists, HI. 253 ; II. 678.
Antiparos, island, HI. 253.
Antipas (Herod), HI. 253; XII. 573.
Antipater, HI. 254 ; XIII. 640, et seq.
Antipathy, III. 254.
Antipaxo, XII. 341.
Antipelargia, HI. 255.
Antiphlogistic regimen, XXI. 613.
Antiphon, geometer, X. 423; XX. 552.
Antiphonary, III. 255.
Antiphony, III. 255.
Antipodes, HI. 255 ; X. 409.
Antiquare, III. 255. «
Antiquarianism, Pinkerton on its plea¬
sure and utility, XIV. 465.
Antiquarii, III. 255.
Antiquary, HI. 255—Scottish Society
of Antiquaries, VIII. 420.
Antique, III. 255.
Antiquities, HI. 255—academies of,
II. 75—pleasure from the study of,
IV. 492 ; XIV. 465—Egyptian, VIII.
530. See Medals, Athens, Rome. &c.
Antisabbatarians, a religious sect, III.
268.
Antiscii, HI. 268.
Antiscorbutics, III. 268.
Antiseptics, III. 268; IX; 732, et seq.t
XVIII. 743.
Antispasmodics, III. 268.
Antistasis, in oratory, III. 268.
Antisthenes, Greek philosopher, III.
268—on mysteries, XV; 673—his ad¬
miration of Socrates, XX. 445.
Antistocheon, in grammar, HI. 268.
Antistrophe, HI. 268.
Antitacta:, sect, HI. 269.
Antithesis, in rhetoric, III. 269.
INDEX
11
ANT—APH
Antitbinitarians, III. 269.
Antitype, III. 269.
Antivari, III. 269.
Antlers, XIV. 155.
Antlia, III. 269.
Antceci, III. 269 ; X. 409.
Antoine, French town, III. 269.
Antonia (Saint), French town, III. 269.
Antonian Waters, III. 269.
Antoniano (Silvio), III. 269.
Antonides Vander Goes (John),Dutch
poet, III. 269.
Antoninus Fids, Roman emperor, III.
270—reign of, XIX. 408—his account
of the Christians, VI. 630—wall of,
III. 272 ; V. 300; XIX. 408.
— Philosophus (Marcus Aurelius),
Roman emperor, III. 270—reign of,
XIX. 408—English translations of his
Meditations, XV. 444.
Antonio (Nicholas), III. 272.
 (Port), in Jamaica, XII. 501.
 (St), island, III. 273.
Antonies (Marcus), orator, III. 273.
■  (Marcus), the triumvir, III. 273 ;
XIX. 396, 398—his death, 399—his
war against the Parthians, XVII. 104.
 Primus, XIX. 404.
Antonomasia, III. 274.
Antosi andrians, sect, III. 274.
Antrim, in Ireland, III. 274i
Antwerp, III. 276—commerce of, VII.
159—attacked by the Duke of Anjou,
XVI. 107 — taken by the Duke of
Parma, 109 ; XI. 519—proceedings
there in 1830, XVI. 137—siege of its
citadel in 1832, 141; IX. 779; XI.
73; XVI. 141.
Antyllus on Surgery, XX. 824.
Anubis, Egyptian deity, III. 276 ; VIII.
553; XI. 322.
Anus, muscles of the, II. 794.
Anvil, III. 277.
Anville (J. B. B. d’). III. 278; II. 236
—on geography, X. 400.
Anweiler, in Landau, III. 279.
Anycius Olybrius, a Roman emperor,
XIX. 423.
Anytus, one of the accusers of Socrates,
XX. 446, 458, 461.
Aodon, an animal, XIV. 183.
Aonides, the muses, III. 280.
Aorasia, III. 280.
Aorist, III 280; X. 659.
Aoristia, III. 280.
Aorta, anatomy of the, II. 820—distri¬
bution of its branches, ib.—its anato¬
mical connections, 718—aortic system,
XVII. 638.
Aosta, in Piedmont, III. 280.
Apjedcsia, III. 280.
Apagoge, III. 280. *
Apagogical demonstration, III. 280.
Apanthropy, in medicine. III. 280.
Aparithmesis, in rhetoric, III. 280.
Apartismenus, III. 280.
Apathy, III. 280.
Apatite, a mineral, XV. 140—crystal¬
lization of, VII. 521.
Apatura, insects, IX. 242.
Apaturia, Athenian feast, III. 280.
Apadlia, III. 280.
Ape, XIV. 89.
'Apelles, III. 280 —his style of painting,
XVI. 702.
■   Ponticus, antiquary, XII. 291.
Apellicon of Teos, III. 494.
Apellites, heretics, III. 281.
Apene, ancient chariot, III. 281.
Apennines, III. 281 ; XII. 483; IX.
406 ; XV. 705 ; XVII. 5 ; XXL 431.
Apenrade, in Sleswick, III. 281.
APERTtJRE, III. 281, 282.
Apetalose, or Apetalous, III. 282.
Apex, III. 282.
Apheresis, in grammar, III. 282.
Aphanisticus, insect, IX. 139.
Aphek, III. 282.
Aphelium, or Aphelion, III. 282.
Aphidii, insects, IX. 204.
Aphidiphagi, insects, IX. 185.
Aphiom, Karahissart, III. 282.
Aphis, insect, IX. 205—sucked,hatched,
APH—APO
and tended by ants, III. 241, 243
—Bonnet on the, IV. 770.
Aphlastdh, III. 282.
Aphodius, insect, IX. 154.
Aphonia, III. 282.
Aphorism, III. 282.
Aphracti, III. 282.
Apiirodisia, festivals, III. 282.
Aphrodisiacs, III. 282.
Aphrodita, worm, XI. 221.
Aphrodite, a name of Venus, III. 282.
Aphroditopolis, VIII. 545.
Aphthardodocetae, sect, III. 282.
Aphthous thrush, XXI. 622.
Apiarise, insects, IX. 232.
Apiary, III. 282 ; IV. 534.
Apicids, III. 284.
Apingadam, III. 284.
Apion, insect, IX. 172.
Apis, Egyptian deity, III. 284 ; VIII.
554; XI. 321.
 , insect, IX. 237. See Bee.
Apistus, fish, XII. 174.
Aplexa, mollusca, XV. 358.
Aplome, specific gravity of, XII. 26.
Aplysia, mollusca, XV. 361.
Apobaterion, III. 285.
Apocalypse, III. 285.
Apocope, III. 285.
Apocrisarius, III. 285.
Apocrustics, III. 285.
Apocrypha, III. 285 ; IV. 613 ; XIX.
785—the Apocryphal New Testament
Books, XII. 561.
Apocynese, in botany, V. 120.
Apodect,e, III. 286.
Apoderus, insect, IX. 172.
Apodes, III. 286.
Apodictical, III. 286.
Apodyterium, III. 286.
Apogee, in astronomy, III. 286.
Apogon, fish, XII. 168.
Apolemia, zoophyte, XXI. 1018.
Apolides, III. 286.
Apollinarian games, III. 286.
Apollinarians, heretics, III. 286.
Apollinaris (Caius Sulpicius), II. 286.
■  Sidonius (Caius Lollius), III.
286.
Apollo, III. 286—oracle of, at Delphi,
VII. 689.
——— Belyidere, statue, III. 287;
VIII. 182; VIII. Plate 197.
Apollodorus, architect, III. 287.
 , painter. III. 287 ; XVI. 700.
 , grammarian, III. 287.
Apollonieon, XVI. 533.
Apollonius of Perga, III. 287; X. 426
—his profound researches in mathe¬
matics, 1.435; XIV. 315—extended no¬
tation proposed by, III. 536—on astro¬
nomy, 730 ; IV. 15—on conic sections,
VII. 218, 219—his determinate sec¬
tion, 741—Simson’s restorations of his
works, XX. 358, 359.
 Rhodius, III. 290 ; XVIII. 152.
 Tyanensis, III. 290 ; XVII. 446.
Apollonopolis Parva, ruins of, VIII. 542.
Apollos, III. 290.
Apollyon, III. 290.
Apologoe, III. 290.
Apomyos Decs, III. 291.
Aponeuroses, XVII. 603.
Apono (Peter d’), III. 291.
Apopemptic, III. 29 li
Apophthegm, III. 291.
Apophyge, in architecture, III. 464.
Apophyllite, a mineral, XV. 151—opti¬
cal properties of, XVI. 369, 491,
Apophysis, in botany, V. 5 5.
Apopis, Egyptian deity, VIII. 552.
Apoplexy, III. 291; "xVII. 481, 486-
in horses, XXI. 633.
Aporon, or Aporine, III. 291.
Aporus, insect, IX. 229.
Aposiopesis, in rhetoric, III. 291.
Aposphragisma, III. 291.
Apostasy, III. 291.
Apostle, III. 291—Acts of the Apostles,
II. 130.
Apostles’ Creed, III. 292.
Apostolic, III. 292.
Apostolical Fathers, III. 292.
APO—AQU
Apostolians, sect, III. 292.
Apostolici, or Apostolics, III. 293.
Apostolicum, III. 293.
Apostrophe, III. 293.
Aposura, insects, IX. 248.
Apotactita:, or Apotactici, III. 293.
Apoteichismus, III. 293.
Apothecary, III. 293—police of apo¬
thecaries’ shops, XIV. 508.
Apothecaries’ Weight, III. 554—table of,
XXI. 850—grain in different coun¬
tries, 849.
Apotheosis, III. 293.
Apotome, III. 293.
Apotropje, III. 293.
Appalachian or Allegany Mountains.
See Allegany.
Apparatus, III. 293.
Apparent, III. 293—heir, ib.
Apparitions, III. 294.
Apparitor, III. 308.
Appaumee, in heraldry, III. 308.
Appeal, in law, III. 308 ; IX. 33.
Appellation, III. 308.
Appellative names, III. 308.
Appenzell, a Swiss canton, III. 308—
education in, XXI. 50.
Appert (Mens.), on the preservation of
food, IX. 731.
Appetite, III. 308; XVII. 626—effect
of custom on, VII. 559.
Appian, Roman historian, III. 309.
Appius Claudius, III. 309—his aque¬
duct, 317.
Applause, III. 309. See Approbation.
Apples, propagation of, XI. 634—cul¬
ture of, 648—ripening of, XXI. 584.
Apple-tree, structure of its trunk, III.
84—sp. gr. of its wood, XII. 27.
Appleby, in Westmoreland, IIL 309.
Application, III. 309.
Appollonia, African kingdom, III. 309.
Appolonia, Italian town, III. 309.
Apposition, III. 309.
Appraiser, III. 309.
Apprehension, III. 310; XIV. 619.
Apprentice, III. 310.
Apprenticeship, III. 310.
Approaching, in fowding, III. 311.
Approbation, III. 311—love of, VIII.
449-50 ; XVII. 463—influence of love
of, in society, XIII. 134.
Appropriation, III. 311.
Approver, in law, III. 311.
Approximation, IIL 311.
Appulse, in astronomy, III. 311.
Apricot, ovulum in the, III, 99—culture
of the, XL 644.
Apries, king of Egypt, III. 311; VIII.
467.
April, III. 311—gardening operations
in, XI. 689.
Apron, in ship-building, III. 311; XX.
284—in gunnery, III. 312.
Apsis, III. 312.
Apt, in France, III. 312.
Aptenodytes, birds, XVI. 631.
Apteral, in architecture, III. 464.
Apteryx, bird, XVI. 616.
Apthane, III. 312.
Aptinus, insect, IX. 115.
Aptote, IIL 312.
Apuleius (Lucius), III. 312 j XVII. 413.
Apure, river, XVI. 537 ; XXI. 592.
Apycni Suoni, in music, III. 312.
Apycnos, in music, III. 312.
Apyrexy, III. 312.
Apyrous, IIL 312.
Aqua, III. 312—Extincta—Fortis—
Marina—Regia— Secunda—Tofana, ib.
Aquamboe, African kingdom, III. 315.
Aquapendente. See Fabricius.
Aquapim, African kingdom, III. 315.
Aquarians, III. 315.
Aquarius, zodiacal sign, III. 315.
Aquatinta engraving,IIL 315; IX. 46.
Aqueducts, III. 317—Roman, XIX.
430. See Waterworks.
Aqueous humour of the eye, II. 799—in
different animals, III. 22.
Aquila, constellation, III. 323—Neapo¬
litan city, ib.—bird, XVI. 562.
Aquilarineie, in botany, V. 127.
AQU—AHA
Aquilicium or Aquiliciana, III. 323.
Aquilus, colour, III. 323.
Aquiminarium, III. 323.
Aquinas (St Thomas), III. 323—doc¬
trines of, I. 309—comprehensiveness
of his mind, 310—extensive influence
of his ethical system, 312—his Au-
gustinianism, 418—on charity, 420—
on the power of the Pope, ib.—on co¬
medy, VIII. 158.
Aquino, Italian town, III. 323.
Ara, or Ara Thuribuli, IIL 323.
Arabesque, III. 323 ; XVI. 706.
Arabia, III. 323 — climate of, 680—
months, VI. 662—expeditions of Me-
hemmed Ali and Ibrahim Pasha
against the Wahabis of, VIII. 499-
501—locusts in, IX. 193—horses of,
XI. 567; III. 327, 683—inoculation for
the smallpox in, XII. 283—ancient in¬
scriptions in, 291—languages of, XIII.
83—mythology, XV. 680—ancient phi¬
losophy, XVII. 428—polygamy, XVIII.
312—scheichs, XIX. 680—weights and
measures, XXI. 851, 846.
Arabians, or Saracens, of the middle ages
—the first discoverers in Africa, II. 220
—the invention of algebra claimed by
them, 421—their conquest of Algiers,
503—fond of astrology, 531-2—anato¬
my little improved by them, 691—
science cultivated by them, 692—their
architecture, III. 378—astronomy, 734
•—numeral digits, II. 7, 12—introduc¬
tion of these into Europe, III. 539, 540
—their chemical knowledge, VI. 342—
their dials, VII. 759—were the most
enlightened people during the middle
ages, VIII. 477—their attention to
geography, X. 396—were ignorant of
the compass, 527—their knowledge of
gunpowder, XI. 76—their conquests;
III. 686 ; XL 480—their study of
mathematics, X. 427 ; XIV. 315, 316
—their art, XVI. 707—their know¬
ledge of anatomy and physiology,
XVII. 726 ; and of surgery, XX. 825,
See Saracens, Mahommed.
Arabic alphabet, II. 550—translations of
Aristotle, III. 495—bibles, IV. 616—
Mr Carlyle’s translations of Arabic
works, VI. 146—Casiri’s catalogue of
Arabic MSS. 214 — Edrisi’s Arabic
work on geography, VIII. 432—nota¬
tion, XIV. 315—language, XVII. 367 ;
its extent, 371; genius and character,
372 ; difficulty, ib.; and utility, 383
—written characters, 370—oratory and
poetry, 372.
Arabs (Modern), III. 329—in Africa, IL
224, 225—in Barbary, IV. 3 64—in
Egypt, VIII. 520—in Nubia. XVI.
295*—in Palestine,748—in Syria,XXI.
63.—their ballad literature, IV. 319 —
thievish propensities of the Arabs,
VII. 505, n.—slave-trade carried on by
them, XX. 383. See Bedouins.
Arabici, sect, III. 346.
Arabism, IIL 346.
Aracaris, bird, XVI. 599.
Arachne, III. 346.
Arachnida, XVII. 587—structure of,720
Arachnidoe poisonous, XIV. 507.
Arachnides, animals. III. 347.
Arachnoid membranes, III. 370; II
812.
Arachnothera, birds, XVI. 589.
Arack. See Arrack.
Aradus, insect, IX. 197.
Areometer, III. 370 — barometrical,
XII. 24.
Araeopagus, in Athens, IV. 123—court
of, 167; IIL 479.
Arseostyle,in architecture, IIL 372,464.
Arjeotics, in medicine, III. 372.
Arab ah, III. 372.
Arafat (Mount), III. 372—pilgrimage
to, 338.
Arago (M.), recent discoveries of, in
magnetism, I* 629-30 ; XIII. 694, 699*
712, 738, 740—on chromatics, VI.
632; ct scq.—on electro-magnetism,
VIII. 574; XXL 684, 686—his mi-
12
INDEX.
ARA—ARC
promoter, XV. 19—on optics, XVI.
365, 42i, 433, 437, 465, 473, 476, 497,
501—on polarization of light, XVIII.
225, 212-3—his experiments on the
force of steam, XX, 586.
A n Ac on. III. 373—Moorish kingdom of,
XX. 495—Christian kingdom of, 500.
Aragonite, in mineralogy, XV. 141.
Arahum, or Harahnm, III. 374.
Aral, lake, III. 374, 697 ; XVII. 521.
Araliaceai, in botany, V. 114.
Aramaean branch of the Caucasian race
of man, II. 709.
Aramont, French town, III. 374.
Aramus, bird, XVI. 618.
Aranda de Duero, III. 374,
Aranea, genus of arachnides, III. 359.
Aranjijez, Spanish town, III. 374.
Aranzi (.1. C.), his anatomical discove¬
ries, II. 696.
Araponga, bird, XVI. 570.
Ararat, mountain, III. 374.
Arassi, III. 374.
Arateia, ancient festival, III. 374.
Aratinga, birds, XVI. 600.
Aratds, general, III. 374—poet, ib.
Araucania, in Chili, III. 375.
Araucanians, II. 629—their character,
XX. 622; VI. 537—education, 536—
dress, 538—forts of defence against
them, 539—tlieir wars with the Spa¬
niards, ib. 540.
Aradsio, III. 375.
Araw, Swiss town, IIL 375.
Arbaces king of Media, III. 375, 717;
IV. 542; XVII. 259.
Arbalest or Cross-bow. See Cross-bow.
Arbe, in Illyria, III. 375.
Arbela, III. 375—battle of, XIII. 632.
Arberg, Swiss town, III. 375.
Arbiter, in law, III. 375.
Arbitrary, III. 375—punishment, ib.
Arbitration of Exchange, IX. 453.
Arblay (Madame d’), character of her
novels, XIX. 346.
Arboga, canal of, IV. 331.
Arbogastes, VII. 280 ; XIX. 419.
Arbois, French town, III. 375.
Arson, III. 375.
Arbor vitae, XVII. 786.
Arboriculture. See Planting.
Arbour, in gardening, III. 375.
Arbroath, II. 25 ; IX. 746.
Arburg, a Swiss town, III. 376.
Arbustum,-!!!. 376.
Arbuthnot (Alexander), III. 376.
  (John), M.D., his share in the
work entitled Martmus Scriblerus, I.
242—estimate of his talents, 285—his
errors respecting ancient coins, XV.
398.
Arbutus, XVII. 786—its leaves used for
dyeing black, VIII. 329.
Arc (Joan of), III. 377. See Joan.
Arc, trisection of an, III. 131—measure¬
ment of terrestrial, IX. 552—meri¬
dional, XXI. 357, 361, n. 2—celestial,
358.
Area, in eonchology, XV. 343.
Arcade, in architecture, III. 378, 462,
464.
Arcadia, X. 723.
Arcadian alphabet, II. pi. XIX.
Arcadius, Roman emperor, VII. 280 ;
XIX, 420.
Arcado, in conchology, XV. 343.
Arcanson, specific gravity of, XII. 27.
Arcesieaus, an ancient Greek philoso¬
pher, III. 378.
Arch, III. 378—the Romans skilful
builders of the, 260—principle of,
known to the Greeks, 414 5 but its
properties unknown, 417—invention
of the, ib.—first extensively used by
the Romans, ib., 418 —Gothic, by
whom invented ? 420—Saxon, 454—
Anglo-Norman, ib.—Pointed, 454, et
seq.—Lancet, 455—Roman triumphal
arches, 443, 451 ; XIX. 430—arch of
Titus, III. 461—definition of, 464—Mr
Atwood on the, IV. 188—equilibrium
of arches, V. 266; XIV. 395—arches
in brickwork, V. 668; XX- 376—old
ARC
Egyptian, XIV. 286, note 1—mode of
describing, 298—oblique, 299 5 XX.
375—perspective of, XVII. 283—Mr
Brunei’s brick arches, XX. 376—Mr
Green’s laminated arches, 377—via¬
duct arches, XXL 638—how to con¬
struct the arch of equilibrium, 640—
arch of a circle, X. 438. See Aqueduct,
Bridge, Centre, Skew-Bridge.
Archaeology, IIL 256—Spohn’s division
of, XII. 290.
Arcireus, III. 403 ; XVII. 594.
Archagathus, his African expedition, VI.
188.
 , Roman surgeon, XX. 823.
Archangel, III. 396.
Archbishop, III. 397—English archbi¬
shops, VIII. 788.
Archbishopric, III. 397.
Arciibutler, III. 397.
Archchamberlain, III. 397.
Archchancellor, III. 397.
Archchanteh, III. 398.
Archcount, III. 398.
Archdeacon, III. 398—English arch¬
deacons, VIII. 788.
Archdruid, III. 398.
Archduke, III. 398.
Archelaus, Athenian general, IV. 127.
 , king of Cappadocia, VI. 126.
 , Greek philosopher, III. 398,
 , king of Judea, III. 398 ; XII.
573.
 , Greek sculptor, IIL 398.
  I., king of Macedon, XIII. 620
—his invitation to Socrates, XX. 441.
Archena, Spanish town, III. 398.
Archers, III. 398.
Archery, III. 398; XI. 96—in England,
XVII. 113 ; XX. 300. See Bow.
Arches, court of, VII. 433.
Archetype, IIL 403.
Archeus, III. 403; XVII. 594.
Archiacolythds, III. 403.
Archiater, or Archiatrus, III. 403.
Archidamus, IV. 156.
Archidapifer, HI. 403.
Archidona, Spanish city. III. 403.
Archierosynes, III. 403.
Archigallus, III. 403.
Archigenes, Roman surgeon, XX. 824.
Archigerontes, III. 403.
Archigubernus, III. 403.
Archil, dye-stuff, III. 403 ; VIII. 309-
discovery of, 296.
Archilochian, III. 403.
Archilochus, Greek poet, III. 403.
Archimagus, III. 404.
Archimandrite, III. 404.
Archimedes, III. 404; X. 425—his
contributions to mathematics, I. 435 ;
XIV. 314—discoveries in physics, I.
450 the first who applied mathema¬
tics to natural philosophy, 451—dis¬
covered some of the first principles of
hydrostatics, 480—extended notation
proposed by, III. 536—his planeta¬
rium, 730—his burning glasses, V.
727, 731 ; I. 506—on conic sections,
VII. 218, 219—on hydrodynamics,
XII. 1—his screw-engine, 101—on
mechanics, XIV. 349, 360—Moor’s
edition of his “ Arenarius,” XV. 448
—on the squaring of the circle, XX.
552, 554—on statics, 564—his defence
of Syracuse, XXI. 57—death of, 58.
Archimedes-screw steam-boat propeller
XX. 691.
Archipelago, III. 405.
Archipresbyter, or Archpriest, III
405.
Archisynagocus, III. 405.
Architect, III. 405—skilful architects
of the middle ages, 388.
Architecture, III. 406—French aca¬
demy of, II. 75—Mexican, 623—Pe¬
ruvian, 624, 627—Chinese, 627 ; VI.
573—remains of Greek and Roman,
III. 260—its present state in Britain,
ib.—Egyptian, 262, 431 ; VIII. 530—
Nubian, XVI. 296—Hindoo, III. 433;
XI. 408—Grecian, III. 434—Roman,
443—Italian, 451—Pointed, 453—prin-
ARC—ARE
ciples of architectural composition,
459—^glossary of terms, 464—Alison
on the beauty of Grecian, IV. 496—
Coulomb’s statical problems relating
to, VII. 425—improved by the Cru¬
sades, 494. See Arch, Building, Car¬
pentry, Chimney, Dome, Roof, &c.
 (Naval). See Shipbuilding.
Architrave, III. 464—Doric, 438, 450—
Ionic, 439, 449—Corinthian, 441, 448
—Caryatic, 441—in joinery, V. 689.
Architriclinus, III. 475.
Archive, or Archives, III. 475.
Archivist, III. 475,
Arehivolt, in architecture, III. 464.
Archlute, or Arcileuto, III. 475.
Archmarshal, III. 475.
Archons, III. 475 3 IV. 143, 165.
Archontici, III. 475.
Archpriest, or Archpreshyter, HI, 475.
Archytas, III. 510 ; X. 423 ; XVIII. 14
—his artificial flying dove, II. 177.
Arcis, battle of, X. 168.
 sur Aube, III. 476.
Arco, III. 476,
Arcole, battle of, X. 103; XV. 720.
Argon (J. C. E. Le Michaud d’), a
French engineer, III. 476.
Arcona, town in Rugen, III. 476.
Areopagus, insect, IX. 187.
Arcos de la Frontera, a Spanish town,
III. 476.
Arcot, III. 477—payment of the debts
of the nabob of, V. 435—Burke’s
speech on that subject, 715.
Arctic, III. 477—circle, ib.
  Regions. See Polar Seas.
Arctizite, specific gravity of, XII. 27,
Arctomys, in zoology, XIV. 131,
Arcturus, a fixed star, III. 477.
Arcuata, Crustacea, VII. 501.
Arcueil, aqueduct of, III. 320.
Arcy (Patrick d’), III. 477—on overshot
wheels, XII. 84.
Ard (Loch), trout of, III. 144.
Ardamon, or Ardama, III. 47.
Ardatow, in Russia, III. 477.
Ardea, bird, XVI, 018.
Ardebil, Persian town, III. 477.
Ardelan, Persian province. III. 478,
Arden, III. 478.
Ardenburg, III. 478.
Ardenne, forest, III. 478.
Ardennes, III. 478—canal of, XVI. 6.
Ardent spirits, in chemistry, VI. 437.
See Alcohol, Distillation, Brandy, &c.
Ardentes, III. 478.
Ardes, French town, III. 478.
Ardfert, Irish town, III. 478.
Ardoye, in the Netherlands, III. 478.
Ardrah, African town. III. 478.
Ardres, French town, III. 478.
Ardrossan, in Ayrshire, III. 478—har¬
bour of, IV. 259—canal to Glasgow,
X. 551; XVI. 13.
Ardsisch, in Wallachia, III. 478.
Area, III. 478—areas of the conic sec¬
tions, VII. 258. See Mensuration,
XIV. 561.
Arebo, African town, III. 479.
Areca, sp. gr. of its juice, XII. 27.
Aremberg, German town, III. 479.
Arena, III. 479.
Arenaria, birds, XVI. 624.
Arenarii, ancient gladiators, III. 479.
Arenarium, III. 479.
Arenipola, worm, XI. 219.
Arenieoli, insects, IX. 154.
Arensberg, in Westphalia, III. 479.
Arensburg, in Livonia, III. 479.
Arenswald, in Pomerania, III. 479.
Arenz de Mar, Spanish town, III.
479.
Areoda, insects, IX. 159,
Areola, III. 479.
Areometer, III, 370—barometrical,
XII. 24.
Areopagus, III. 479; IV. 123, 167.
Ares, Egyptian deity, VIII. 553.
Aretjeus, a Greek physician, III. 479;
II. 688 ; XX. 823-4.
Arethusa, III. 479.
Aretin (Guido), musician, III. 479.
ARE—ARI
Aretin (Leonard and Francis), III. 489.
■ (Peter), III. 481.
Aretologi, HI. 481.
Arevalo, Spi nish town, III. 481.
Arezzo, Italian city, III. 481.
Argali, in zoology, XIV. 165.
Argand gas-burners, X. 357.
Argand-lamp, XIII. 41—used in light¬
houses, XX. 19.
Argas, genus of arachnides, III. 368.
Argea, or Argoei, III. 481.
Argelez, in France, III. 481.
Argences, French town, III. 481.
Argent, III. 481—in heraldry, XL 244.
Argentac, French town. III. 481.
Argentan, in France, HI. 481.
Argentarius, III. 481.
Argenteuil, French town, III. 481.
Argentiera, island, III. 481.
Argentiere (L’), in France, III. 481.
Argentina, fish, XII. 212.
Argentinus, HI. 481.
Argenton, French town, III. 481.
Argentum Album, III. 481—Dei, ih.
Argenville (Monsieur d’), on conchology,
XV. 331.
Argillaceous substances, phosphorescent
effects of electricity on, VIII. 634.
Argillite, specific gravity of, XII. 27.
Argimna, town in Armenia, HI. 482.
Argisch, III. 482, 478.
Argo, HI. 482.
Argolis, in Greece, X. 723.
Argonauta, in conchology, XV, 344,
354.
Argonauts, HI, 482,
Argos, HI. 482.
Argostoli, in Cephalonia, XII. 341,
Arguin, African island, III. 482.
Arguments, in rhetoric, XIX. 205, et
seq.
Argun, river, HI. 482.
Argunskoi, in Siberia, HI. 482.
Argus, HI. 482—bird, XVI. 610.
Argus-shell, III. 482.
Arguti*, III. 482.
Argyle (earls, marquises, and dukes of),
IV. 44—earl of, in Charles I.’s reign,
V. 310, et seq ; defeated by Montrose
at Innerlochy, 327—condemnation of
the earl of, in Charles II.’s reign, 353 ;
his rebellion against James II., 356.
Argyleshire, HI. 482—fisheries of, IX.
602—vitrified fort in, 755—whirlpool
of Coryvreckan, VII. 382.
Argynuis, insect, IX. 241.
Argyraspides, HI. 485.
Argyreyosus, fish, XII. 186.
Argyroneta, genus of arachnides, III.
359.
Arhizas, in botany, V. 53.
Ariadna;a, Greek festivals, III. 485.
Ariadne, daughter of Minos, HI. 485,
Ariancoopan, in Hindostan, HI. 485.
Ariano, Neapolitan city, III. 485.
Arians, HI. 485, 235—opposed by St
Ambrose, II. 601 — their opinions,
XII. 564,
Ariarthes, VI. 125.
Arias Montanus, a Spanish divine of
the I6th century, HI, 486.
Aricia, worm, XI. 220.
Aricina, HI. 486.
Aridieus, XIII. 640.
Arienzo, Neapolitan city, III. 486,
Aries, constellation, HI. 486.
Arillus, in botany, III. 73 ; V. 50.
Arimanius, III. 486.
Arineas, in botany, V. 136.
Ariobarzanes, VI. 126 ; XVIII. 350.
Arioli, III. 486.
Arion, musician, III. 486—horse, ib.—-
one of the mollusea, XV. 357.
Ariosto (Ludovico), III. 486 ; X. 295—
his poetry, XVIII. 144, 159—Hoole’s
translation of Ifis Qrlanfio Furioso,
XL 557.
Aripo, Ceylonese town, III- 488.
Aristajus, son of Apollo, III. 488.
 , geometer, X. 424.
Aristander, soothsayer, III. 488.
Aristarchus, Greek philosopher, IIL
488—on astronomy, 730.
ARI—ARI
Aristakchcs, grammarian, III. 488.
Aristides the Just, III. 488 ; IV. 501.
• (iElius), Greek orator. III. 489.
  , Greek painter, III. 489 ; XVI.
701, 704.
Aristillus on astronomy, III. 730.
Aristippus of Gyrene, philosopher, III.
489 ; VII. 577.
Aristo, stoic philosopher, III. 489.
Aristobulus, XII. 571.
Aristocracy, III. 489 ; X. 623.
Aristodemus, Greek antiquary, XII. 291.
Aristodicus of Cyme, XX. 457.
Aristogiton, III. 489 ; IV. 14^.
Aristolochieas, in botany, V. 128.
Aristonicus, XVII. 230.
Aristophanes, III. 489—his comedies,
VIII. 149—his ridicule and misrepre¬
sentation of Socrates, XX. 449.
Aristotelia, ancient feasts, III. 490.
Aristotle, III. 490—causes which ope¬
rated in undermining the authority
of, I. 16—by whom most powerfully
assailed, 25—on rhetoric, 54 ; III.
514; XIX. 200, et seq.—remarks on
his comparison of the mind in its first
state to a sheet of white paper, I. 364
—^resemblance of Hume’s principles of
association to the views of, 427—his
definition of motion, 450; and of
light, 505—his views regarding the na¬
ture of light* 640—his anatomical
knowledge, II. 687—his astronomy,
III. 503, 729—his physical tenets,
499 ; IV. 384—possibly derived his
system of logic from India, V. 180—
high estimation of his works in the
middle ages, VII. 495—on dew, 748
—on the dramatic unities, VIII. 162,
174—his Natural History, III. 506,
508 ; XII. 151; XIV. 74 ; XVII. 725
—on comedy, XIII. 121—the prince
of logicians, 459—on mathematics,
III. 499—on mechanics, XIV. 349—
on metaphysics, III. 499 ; XIV. 599
—on perception, III. 507 ; XIV. 604
—on matter, 643—on form, 644—on
motion, 657—on the soul, III. 506 ;
XIV. 686—on tragedy, XV. 446—on
optics, XVI. 348—on ornithology, 545
—compared with Newton, XVII. 435
—on physiognomy, 575 — on plastic
nature, 797—on the air, XVIII. 71—
on quality, 773—on quantity, 775—
his Analytics, III. 511 ; XIX. 106—
his Topics, XIX. 106—Ids Dialectic,
III. 508 ; VII. 756—his Poetics, III.
517—his Ethics, 518—Ids Politics, 525
—design of his philosophy, 529—style
Of his writings, 530—his obscurity, ib.
—his method of discussion, 530—his
originality, 531—Socrates a precursor
of, XX. 468—his influence on medi¬
cine, 822—his opinions in Natural
Theology, XXI. 202—says little about
the tides-, 260.
Aristotle’s philosophy, III. 494—Me-
lancthon’s sanction of, I. 16.
Aristoxenos, III. 531.
Arithmetic, III. 532—early systems of
notation, I. 586—origin of the denary
system generally referred to India,
587—advantages and gradual exten¬
sion of this system, ib.—decimal frac¬
tions introduced by Stevinus, ib.—
notation of decimals brought to its
utmost simplicity by Baron Napier,
ib.—Advantages and disadvantages of
the duodenary scale, ib.— perfect,
prime* and composite numbers, 588—
antiquity of magic squares, ib.—dif¬
ferent individuals by whom they were
constructed* ib.—continued fractions
much cultivated during the 18th cen¬
tury, 589—brought to perfection by
Euler, ib.—applications of the theory
by him, ib.—applied to the solution of
numerical equations by Lagrange, 500
—tables of the powers and products
of numbers made by Hervert, ib.—of
the Greeks, Romans, and Arabians,
II. 5, 6, 7, 21—proportion in, 438—of
sines, 485—alligation, or solution of
INDEX.
13
ARI—ARM
questions relating to the mixture of
ingredients, 526—binary, IV. 643—
Chinese knowledge of, VI. 575—dru-
idical knowledge of, VIII. 207—Na¬
pier’s rods, XV. 693—arithmetical
board for the blind, IV. 698. See
Number, Series, Addition, &c.
Arius, III. 567.
Ark (Noah’s), III. 567$ VII. 693.
 of the Covenant, III. 568.
Arkansas, state-bonds of, XXI. 479.
Arklow, an Irish town, III. 568.
Arkwright (Sir Richard), III. 568 ;
X. 555—machines in the cotton-ma¬
nufacture invented by, VII. 400-402 ;
XX. 537—importance of his inven¬
tions, V. 429.
Arles, III. 571—canal of, XVI. 5.
Arm, human, XVII. 7 00—muscles of the,
II. 793—motions of the, 795.
Arm-bone, II. 786.
Armada (Spanish), III. 571; VIII. 757;
XVI. 113; XVII. 346; XX. 221,502
—partly wrecked in Ireland, XII-. 365 ;
and on the Shetland Islands, XXI.
987—articles brought up by a diver
from sunk ships Of the, VIII. 64.
Armadillo, animal, XIV. 143; V. 641.
Armageddon, III. 571.
Armagh, III. 571—battle of, XII. 365.
Armamaxi, III. 574.
Armatura, III. 574.
Armed neutrality of 1780, V. 415 ; VII.
723.
Armenia, III. 574—conquered by Alp
Arslan, II. 538.
Armenian alphabet, II. 549—language,
XIII. 90—works in that language, II.
549—bibles, IV. 616.
Armenians in Calcutta, V. 791.
 , era of the, VI. 661.
Armentieres, French town, III. 577.
Armiers, French town. III. 577.
Armiger, title, III. 577.
Armillary sphere, III. 577 ; Xi 410.
Armilustrium, Roman feast, III. 577.
Arminians, III. 577 ; XI. 2—Dutch, 520
—deny predestination, XVIII. 515;
original sin, XXI. 221, et seq.; and
the imputation of the sins of men to
Christ, 227 — their doctrine of uni¬
versal redemption, 228—their opinions
concerning justification, 231.
Arminius (James), III. 577.
 , an ancient German, X. 476.
Armistice, III. 577.
Armoisin, III. 577.
Armoric, IIL 577.
Armory, III. 578.
Armour, III. 578—Romah, 592—of the
British life-guards, 620—of knights,
VI. 606, 614—for divers, VIII. 61.
Arms, III. 578—coats of, ib.; XI. 243
—of kiiights, VI. 606, 614.
Armstrong (John), M.D., III. 578—his
allusion to Burman, V. 720—poetry
of, XVIII. 173.
Armuyden, in Walcheren, III. 578.
Army, III. 579—Achaean, 588—Ameri¬
can, 616; XXL 480—Athenian, III.
585—of Baden, 610—Austrian, 603 ;
IV. 233—Bavarian, III. 610; IV. 461
—Brazilian, V. 205—British, III. 616
—Burmese, IV. 245—Carthaginian,
III. 589—Chinese, VI. 575—Danish,
III. 609 ; VII. 729—of St Domingo,
VIII. 107—ancient and modern Egyp¬
tian, III. 580; VIII. 502—French,
III. 598; X. 204—of the Germanic
confederation, III. 611—ancient and
modern Greek, 584, 615—Hanove¬
rian, 610—Indian, XL 463—Mace¬
donian, III. 586—of the middle ages,
595—modern, 596—Neapolitan, 612
—of the Netherlands, 611—ancient
Persian, 582—Portuguese, 602—Prus¬
sian, 605—Roman, 589; XIX. 379—
Russian, III. 606; XIX. 574—Sar¬
dinian, III. 612—Saxon, 609—of Sinde,
XX. 365—Spanish, III; 601; XX. 523
—Spartan, IIL 585—Swedish, 609—
Swiss, XXL 47—Theban, III. 588-
Tuikish, 612; XXI. 424—of the Unit-
ARN—ARS
ed States, IIL 616$ XXL 480—of
Wurtemberg, III. 610 ; XXI. 947—
continental armies in the eleventh
century, VIII. 712, n.—standing army,
IX. 23; discussions about, V. 456; ad¬
vantages of, XXI. 736—Mr Windham’s
act for the improvement of the, V. 520
—Lord Howick’s bill for religious
emancipation in the, 521—militia act,
526—royal prerogative in relation to
the, XVIII. 522—war-horse, XI. 592.
See War.
Arnall (William), III. 623.
Arnadd, III. 623.
Arnauld (Anthony), III. 623 — the
first who assailed the ideal theory,
I. 80—summary of his doctrine con¬
cerning ideas, ib.—merits of his trea¬
tise entitled “ The Art of Thinking,
or the Port-Royal Logic,” ib.—anec¬
dotes of his infancy and old age, 81.
Arnay-le-Duc, French town, III. 623.
Arndt (John), German divine, III. 623.
Arne (Thomas Augustine), III. 623.
Arnee, in zoology, XIV. 168.
Arnheim (General), XXI. 17.
Arnhem, in the Netherlands, III. 623.
Arnis*ds (Henningus), III. 623.
Arno, XII. 485—vale of, XXL 432.
Arnobids, rhetorician, III. 624.
Arnold of Brescia, III. 624.
Arnold’s scapement, VI. 793.
Arnoldists, religious sect, III. 624.
Arnoldus (Gothofredus), III. 624.
 de Villanova, his chemical know¬
ledge, VI. 344.
Arnolpho, III. 424.
Arnott’s stove, XX. 741.
Arnotta. See Anotta.
Arnstadt, in Germany, IIL 624;
Arnstein, in Bavaria, III. 624.
Arndlph, bishop of Rochester, III. 624.
Arnway (John), III. 624.
Aroa, river, XXL 591.
Aroidese, in botany, V. 136.
Aroma Philosophorum, III. 624.
Aromatic gum-resins, VI. 491.
Arona, an Italian town, III. 624.
Aronches, Portuguese town, III. 625.
Aroo, island, III. 625.
Arool, Russian town, III. 625.
Aroph, III. 625—Paracelsi, ib.
Arosbay, III. 625.
Aroun, XIX. 613.
Arodra, a Greek measure, III. 625.
Arpagius, or Harpagius, III. 625.
Arphaxad, son of Shem, III. 625.
Arpinas (Joseph Caesar), III. 625.
Arpino, Neapolitan city, III. 625.
Arqua, Italian town, HI. 625.
Arques, town in Normandy, III. 625.
Arracan, III. 625—war in 1824, V. 567.
Arrack, III. 627 ; VI. 300 ; VIII. 44.
Arragon. See Aragon.
Arragorite, specific gravity of, XII. 27
—refraction of, XVI. 487.
Arraignment, in law, III. 627.
Arran, island, III. 627 ; V. 751.
Arras, in France, III. 627.
Array, in law, IIL 628.
Arrayers, III. 628.
Arreca-nut of Ceylon, VI. 300.
Arrentation, III. 628.
Arreoys, III. 628; XVIII. 325.
Arrest, III. 629—of judgment, 630.
Arrestment, in law, III. 630.
Arrhabonarii, sect, III. 630.
Arrhephoria, Athenian feast, III. 630.
Arrian, Roman historian, IIL 630.
 , bird, XVI. 558.
Arriege, in France, IIL 630.
Arrindy silk-worms, XX. 352.
Arris, in architecture, III. 465.
Arroe, island, III. 630.
Arrogance not a usual accompaniment
of genius, XXI. 871.
Arrow, III. 630. See Archery.
 (Lough), XX. 392, 394.
Arrow-makers, III. 630.
Arrowaucs, IV. 580.
Arrowroot, VI. 477.
Arroyo del Puerto, III. 630.
Arsaces, III. 630 ; XVII. 99, 260.
ARS—ARU
Arsacidas, Persian dynasty, XVII. 260.
Arsamas, in Russia, III. 630.
Arsaphes, Egyptian deity* VIIL 553.
Arsberger (Prof.), his experiments on
the force of steam, XX. 585;
Arschot (Duke of), XVI. 106.
Arsenal, III. 630.
Arsenic, VI. 382—native, XV. 164—its
alloy with antimony, VI. 386—salts of
white oxide of, 453—specific gravity
of, XII. 27 — poisoning with, XIV.
500 ; XVIII. 177—antidotes to, 181—
administration of, to horses, XXI.
625—sulpho-arseniates, VI. 457—sul-
pho-arsenites, 458.
 acid, VI. 383; XV. 137.
 pyrites, a mineral, XV. 166.
Arseniet of potassium, VI. 394; alu¬
minum, 399 ; glucinum, 399; iron,
406 ; nickel, 409 ; cobalt, 410; lead,
413$ copper, 416; gold, 421.
Arsenics* III. 630.
Arshot* III. 630.
Arsinoe, remains of, VIII. 545.
Arson, III. 630 ; XII. 257 ; XIV. 495.
Arsura, III. 630.
Arta, or Larta, III. 630.
Artaba, ancient measure, III. 630;
Artabanus, XVII. 106.
Artabazes, XVIII. 348.
Artabazcs, III. 631.
Artaxerxes, founder of the Sassanian dy¬
nasty, his revolt against the Par-
thians, XVII. 106, 261;
  Longimanus, XVII. 259.
  Memnon, XVII. 259.
Artaxias, III. 574.
Artedi (Peter), naturalist, III. 631— on
fishes, XII. 152.
Artemia salina, VII. 503.
Artemidorcs of Ephesus, IIL 631.
Artemisia, III. 631. »
Artemisium, promontory, IIL 631.
Arteries, their structure, II. 716, 820 ;
XVII. 582, 638—anatomical con¬
nections of the arterial system, II. 718
— generally accompanied in their
course by veins, 722 ; but not always*
623—early opinions respecting them*
787, et seq.—comparative anatomy of
the, III. 39—their action, XVII. 643
—aneurism of the, XX; 839.
Arthur, hero of the Britons, IIL 631J
VIII. 721—Arthur’s Seat, HI. 632—
Arthur’s Oven, VI. 177.
Articerus, insect, IX. 187.
Artichoke, culture of the, XI. 673—Je¬
rusalem artichoke, 670.
Articles, in grammar, HI. 632; X. 643*
685—the thirty-nine, VII. 448.
Articulata, II. 706; XVII. 587, 679—
their organs of smell, III. 21—their
nervous system, 32—their structure,
172—characteristics and classes of
the, 179—comparative physiology of
the* XVII. 720.
Articulation of bones, II. 746, 756 ;
XVII. 603, 615, et seq.—of the spine,
II. 763; shoulder, elbow, wrist, and
fingers, 789 ; hip, 791 ; knee, 792 ; and
ankle, ib.
Artificer, III. 632.
Artificial, III. 632.
Artillery, III. 632—field, 633—siege,
637—garrison, 639—exercise of, 641-
Park, 643—Train, ib.—Company, ib.—
French, 600* 635-6—Spanish, 602—
Austrian, 604, 635—Russian, 608—■
Turkish, 614—British, 621, 632—
casting of cannon, VI. 84—foot-level,
XIII. 257. See Gunnery and Projec¬
tiles.
Artist, III. 643.
Artlenburg, in Hanover, III. 643.
Artocarpeae, in botany, V. 129.
Artocarpus, V. 69.
Artotyrites, Christian sect, III. 643.
Arts (useful), III. 643—application of
voltaic electricity to the, XXI. 682.
Arts (fine), III. 645.
Artza, VII. 283.
Arueris, Egyptian deity, VIII. 552 ; XL
320.
14
INDEX,
ARU—ASI
Arum, effect of cookery on, IX. 735.
Arun river navigation, XYI. 8.
Arundel, town in Sussex, III. 658—
Portsmouth canal, XVI. 17.
  (Thomas), archbishop, III. 658.
Arundelian marbles. III. 659.
Aruspices, or Haruspices, III. 661.
Arvales Fratres, III. 658.
Arvicola, in zoology, XIV. 135.
Arvieux (Monsieur d’), on Arabian
horses, III. 328.
Arvil Supper, III. 658.
Arviragus, III. 658.
Arx, III. 662.
Arya-Bhatta, algebraist, II. 425.
Arymbas, I. and II., kings of Epirus,
IX. 312.
Arytenoid cartilage, II. 805.
Arzachel, III. 735.
Arzew, a town in Algiers, III. 662.
Arzilla, an African town, III. 662.
As, an ancient weight, III. 662—Roman
coin, ib.; XIV. 471 ; XV. 397.
Asa, king of Judah, III. 662.
Asadaddin, VIII. 479.
Asaph (St), III. 662 ; IX. 622.
Asar-Addon, III. 662.
Asarota, III. 662.
Asbestinite, specific gravity of, XII. 27.
Asbestos, II. 656; XII. 258 ; XV. 154-
specific gravity of, XII. 27—paper
made from, XVII. 10.
Ascalaphus, insect, IX. 212.
Ascalon, III. 662—battle of, XVI. 757.
Ascanius, son of iEneas, III. 602.
Ascaris, zoophyte, XXI. 997—in horses,
XXL 627.
Ascendant, in astrology, III. 662.
Ascension of Christ, XXL 229.
•  DAT, III. 662.
 Island, III. 662.
Asceterium, III. 663.
Ascetics, III, 663; XL 489-495.
ASOL.AFFENBUP.G, III. 663.
Ascham (Roger), III. 663—on “ Morte d’
Arthur,” XIX. 328.
Aschendorf, in Hanover, III. 664.
Aschersleben, in Prussia, III. 664.
Ascia, insects, IX. 273.
Ascidia, mollusca., XV. 368—structure
of, XVII. 720.
Ascii, III. 664.
Ascitai, sect, III. 664.
Ascites in cattle, XXL 625.
Asclepia, festival. III. 664.
Asclepiad, III. 664.
Asclepiadese, in botany, V. 120.
Asclepiades, III. 664 ; XX. 821, 823.
Asclepiodorus, Greek painter, XVI. 704.
Ascodutte, heretics. III. 664.
Ascoli, in Italy, III. 665.
Ascolia, Greek festival, III. 665.
Ascolino, X. 397.
Ascriptitii, III. 665.
Asdrubal, VI. 192, 195—defeated by the
Romans, 200, 201—his cruelties, 204,
206—suicide of his wife, 206.
Asellius (Gaspar), the lacteals discovered
by, II. 698, 728; XVII. 728.
Asfce, XIX. 609.
Ash timber, XVII. 780, 783; XXI. 294—
used in coachmaking, VII. 6—specific
gravity of, XII. 27—trees, XVII. 783,
789—mountain-ash, 784.
Ash-Wednesday, III. 669.
Ashantee, in Africa, III. 665.
Ashbourn, in Derbyshire, III. 669.
Ashburton, III. 670.
 (Lord). See Dunning.
Ashby-de-la-Zouch, in Leicestershire,
III. 670—canal, XVI. 8.
Ashes, III. 670.
Ashford, in Kent, III. 670.
Ashkoko, an animal, XIV. 151.
Ashlar, III. 670—walls, V. 674.
Ashlering, III. 670.
Ashmed, IV. 280.
Ashmole (Elias), antiquary. III. 670.
Ashruff, Persian city, III. 671.
Ashton-under-Line, in Lancashire, III.
671—canal, XVI. 8.
Asia, III. 671—prevalence of castes in,
VI. 220—unoccupied land in, VIII. [
ASI—ASS
687—trade with England, VIII. 779,
781—-insects of, IX. 102—languages,
XIII. 72, et seq. 90 ; XVII. 379, et seq.
422—variation of the needle, XIII.
734-736—elevated plains, XVII. 501—
table-land, 502—heights of mountains,
505, 556—volcanoes, 512—course of
rivers, XIX. 252—serpents, XX. 136
—map of. III. PI. 77.
Asia Minor, III. 702 ; XXL 418,
Asiarcim, III. 702.
Asilici, insects, IX. 268.
Asilus, insect, IX. 269.
Asinara, island, III. 702.
Asinius Pollio, III. 702.
Asirica, insects, IX. 203.
Asisio, or Asito, III. 702.
Ask (Robert), VIII. 747.
Askeaton, Irish town, III. 702.
Askeren, III. 702.
Askrig, in Yorkshire, III. 702.
Aslani, silver coin, III. 702.
Asmoneus, III. 702.
Asna, or Esna, in Egypt, III. 702.
Asola, Italian town, III. 702.
Asolo, Italian town, III. 702.
Asoph, III. 702.
Asp, serpent. III. 703.
Asparagin, VI. 470.
Asparagus, culture of, XI. 672.
Aspartic acid, VI. 431.
Aspasia, III. 703; XX. 437, 439, 448.
Aspasticum, III. 703.
Aspects, characters of abbreviations of,
VI. 323.
Aspen tree, XVII. 784.
Asper, III. 703.
Asperifoliate, in botany, III. 703.
Asperosa, Turkish town, III. 703.
AsPHALTiTES,lake, III. 703 ; XII. 546 ;
XIII. 27 ; XVI. 745, 746 ; XVII. 522.
Asphaltum, III. 704 ; VI. 444; XV.
172; IV. 654 ; XVII. 751—specific
gravity of, XII. 27, 33—preservation
of timber with, XX. 274—lake of, in
Trinidad, XXL 386.
Asphodelinete, in botany, V. 134.
Asphodelodians, VI. 189.
Asphurelata, III. 705.
Asphyxia from drowning, VIII. 201.
Aspic, serpent, XX. 154.
Aspicueta (Martin de), III. 705.
Aspidophorus, fish, XII. 174,
Aspirate, II. 547.
Aspistes, insect, IX. 264.
Aspredo, fish, XII. 203.
A-spro, fish, XII. 168,
Aso, XIV. 153—little used in agricul¬
ture, II. 340—Arabian wild, III. 329
Asiatic, 683—of Hindustan, XL 383
—milk of, VI. 499 ; XV. 76—organs
of voice. III. 28.
Assafoetida, VI. 490—sp. gr. of, XII. 27.
Assai, in music, III. 705.
Assam, an Asiatic kingdom, III. 705 
tea-plant in, XXI. 130.
Assarium, an ancient copper coin, III.
708 ; XIV. 470, et seq.
Assaro, Sicilian city, III. 709.
Assaron, HI. 709.
Assassin, III. 709.
Assassination common in Zante, XII.
342 ; and in Java, 532.
Assault, in law, III. 709.
Assay, III. 709.
Assaying, III. 709—touch-needle, XXI.
340.
Assellota, Crustacea, VII. 503.
Asselyn (John), painter, III. 715.
Assembly, III. 715.
Assen, III. 715.
Assende, III. 715.
Assenheim, in Germany, HI. 715,
Assens, Danish town, III. 716.
Asser (John), III. 716.
Assessor, III. 716.
Assets, in law, III. 716.
Assheton (William), HI. 716.
Assideans, HI. 716.
Assiento, HI. 716.
Assignation, in law, III. 716.
Assimilation, HI. 716—in physiology,
XVII. 581, 618.
ASS—AST
Assin, African country, III. 716.
Assissi, Italian city, HI. 716.
Assithment, III. 716.
Assize, HI. 716—of bread, IV. 188, 300.
Association, HI. 716.
  of ideas, XIV. 617, 626; VII.
561; VIII. 435; XVII. 674—its power
in regard to avarice, &c., I. 366-68—in
connection with the sense of the beau¬
tiful, IV. 488, et seq.; XXI. 90—Con¬
dillac on, VII. 204—its influence on
dreams, VIII. 190—in connection with
instinct, XII. 297, et seq.—laws of,
XV. 481—Plato on, XVIII. 32.
Assodnagur, in Hindostan, III. 716.
Assoilzie, in law, HI. 716.
Assonance, III. 71,1.
Assonant rhymes, III. 716.
Assouan, antiquities at, VIII. 532.
Assu, XIX. 245.
Assumpsit, in law, III. 716.
Assumption, festival, HI. 716—in logic,
ib.—islands, ib., 717—capital of Para¬
guay, ib.; XVII. 62.
Assumptive arms, in heraldry, III.
717.
Assurance, XII. 307. See Annuities,
Insurance.
Assye, in Hindostan, III. 717.
Assyn-Kalesi, in Caria, III. 717.
Assyria, HI. 717—architecture of, 412
—Assyrian empire. III. 684—monar¬
chy, XV. 381.
Astabat, III. 718.
Astacus fluviatilis, VII. 502.
Astafort, French town. III. 718.
Astanda, III. 718.
Astara, Persian town, III. 718.
Astarakat, Persian town, III. 718.
Astaroth, or Ashtaroth, III. 718.
Astata, insects, IX. 230.
Astatic needle, XIII. 771.
Asteia, insects, IX. 290.
Astell (Mary), HI. 718.
Astell’s Island, III. 718.
Asterabad, in Persia, HI. 719.
Asteria, or star-stone, HI. 718.
Asteriadae, zoophytes, XXL 1012.
Asterias, structure of, XVII. 722.
Asterina, zoophytes, XXL 1008.
Asterisk, III. 718.
Astern, sea-term, HI. 718.
Asteroida, zoophytes, XXL 1022.
Asthma, XVII. 480, 490.
Asti, in Piedmont, III. 718.
Astle on the Origin and Progress of
Writing, II. 546 ; IV. 622.
Astley (Mr), his mode of manufacturing
sal ammoniac, II. 663.
Astoma, genus of arachnides, III. 369.
Astomi, a fabulous people, III. 719.
Astor (J. J.), X. 264.
Astorga, Spanish city, III. 719.
Astoria, XVI. 525—Fort, X. 264.
Astrabad, in Persia, III. 719.
Astracan, HI. 719 ; XIX. 535, 565.
Astr^a, HI. 720.
Astragal, in architecture, HI. 465.
Astrag lomancy, HI. 720.
Astragalus, or heel-bone, II. 791, 792.
As trap®us, insect, IX. 137.
Astrapia, birds, XVI. 588.
Astrodermus, fish, XII. 187.
Astrognosia, HI. 720.
Astrolabe, HI. 720.
Astrolade, HI. 720.
Astrology, HI. 720 5 IV. 370 ; VIII.
its extensive dominion over the
human mind, I. 484—taught in uni¬
versities, ib.—introduced into alma¬
nacs, II. 532—Babylonians addicted
to IV. 271—in Persia, XVII. 254.
Astronomy, HI. 371—history of, ib.—
Theoretical, 754 ; IV. 1—Physical, 48
Practical, 61—considerable progress
made in, by the ancients, I. 451, 481
—views ( f those who first studied the
heavens, 481, 655-universally be¬
lieved bj the ancients that the earth
formed t*ie centre of the universe, 482
* introduction of the epicycle by Ap-
pollonius Perg®us, ib.-application
of the epicycles to explain phenomena,
ASTRONOMY.
by Hipparchus, ib.—other epicycles
introduced to explain the irregular
motions of the moon and planets, ib.
the system of the heavens became
thus extremely complicated, ib.—ad¬
vantages which were derived from it,
483—the hypothesis of epicycles, and
centres of uniform motion, accommo¬
dated to the state of science, ib.—
dawn of a new era, Copernicus and
Tycho, 4 84—correction of Ptolemy’s
tables by Alphonso, king of Castile.
Purbaeh and Regiomontanus con¬
tributed much to the advancement 01*
the science, ib.—publication of Coper¬
nicus’s great work, Astronomia In-
staurata, containing the discovery of
the earth’s annual and diurnal mo¬
tion, 485—observations of the heavens
by Tycho Brahe, 486 ; see Brahe—
discoveries of Kepler; see Kepler—
discoveries of Galileo ; see Galileo—
evidence of the Copernican system de¬
veloped by the discoveries of Kepler
and Galileo, 492—beneficial results of
its being established, 493—Descartes’
theory of the universe ; see Descartes
first complete system of astronomy
in which the elliptic orbits were in¬
troduced was the Astronomia Philo-
laiea of BulliaJdus, 495—hypothetical
views contained in that work, ib.—
contributions to the science by Hor-
rox, Ward, Riccioli, Hevelius, Hooke,
Cassini, and Roemer ; see these heads
first establishment of academies,
499—figure and magnitude of the
earth; see Figure of the Earth—disco¬
very of universal gravitation by New¬
ton, 554 ; see also Newton— refer¬
ences of the ancients to weight or
gravity, 557—clearer views of Coper¬
nicus and Kepler, 558—Galileo sup¬
posed that gravity was a principle be¬
longing to each of the planets indivi¬
dually, but did not extend from the
one to the other, ib.—near approxima¬
tion to the truth by Hooke, 559-
causes of irregularities in the motion
of the moon, 560—Newton’s deter¬
mination of the shape of the earth, 561
—discovery of the aberration of light
by Bradley, 569—Newton’s theory of
the moon, a work of genius almost
superhuman, 663—lunar theory first
expanded and improved by Calandrini,
ib- completed by Dr Stewart and
Walmesley, 664—examination of the
subject by Clairaut, ib.—astronomical
discoveries of Mayer, 665; see also
Mayer—calculations and discoveries of
Euler regarding the motions of the
planets, 665-6—appearance of Halley’s
comet, and calculations of Clairaut
regarding its retardation, 667—size
and consistence of comets, and me¬
thods of discovering their orbits, 668
—notice of Lagrange’s discourse on
the librations of the moon, 669—re¬
searches of Lagrange and Laplace re¬
garding the planetary motions, ib.—
Laplace’s discovery of the moon’s se¬
cular equation, 670—Laplace’s com¬
plete theory of the motions of Jupi¬
ter’s satellites, ib.—description of ce¬
lestial refraction, and the solar and
lunar parallaxes, 671—discovery of a
new planet by Herschel, 672—disco¬
very of four small planets, 673—num¬
ber of stars which passed over Her-
schel’s field of view in a quarter of an
hour, ib.—speculations regarding the
celestial bodies and the constitution
of the universe, 674—various esti¬
mates of the number of comets within
the known extent of our system, 675
—observations on the earth’s internal
structure, ib.; on the limits of the at¬
mosphere, 676 ; on double and mul¬
tiple stars, 677—Aristotle on, III
502—catalogues of the stars, VI. 238
—Chinese knowledge of, 575—Indian,
VII. 681—knowledge of the Druids in.
INDEX,
15
AST—ATH
VIII. 205; of the Chaldseans, XVII.
426 ; of the Brahmins, 427 ; of the
Egyptians, 429, 430—method of the
least squares, XVIII. G36—astrono¬
mical determination of the periodical
forces which act on the sea or on a
lake, XXI. 271. See Aberration, Ac¬
celeration, Comets, Dialling, Jupiter,
Venus, Sun, Moon, &c.
Astronomical instruments, IV. 61, 101
—Borda’s repeating circle, 798—Ca¬
vendish’s method of dividing, VI. 264.
See Quadrant, Telescope, &c.
■ tables, IV. 62. ,
  Society of London, III. 753.
Astroc (John), physician, IV. 111.
Astur, bird, XVI. 563.
Asturias,IV. Ill—Moorish kingdom of,
XX. 494—Christian kingdom of, 500.
Asttages, king of the Medes, IV. 112 ;
VII. 577.
Asttanax, IV. 112.
Astvnomi, IV. 112.
Asylum, IV. 112—Asylums for lunatics,
XIV. 586.
Asymetry, IV. 112.
Asymptote, IV. 112; VII. 244.
Asyndeton, in grammar, IV. 112.
Atacama, desert of, VI. 527.
Atalantis, IV. 130.
Ataulphus, XX. 492.
Ate, goddess of mischief, IV. 112.
Ateles, in zoology, XIV. 93.
Atellan fables, VIII. 152.
Atempo Giusto, in music, IV. 112.
Atergatis, IV. 112.
Atlste, Italian town, IV. 113.
Ateuchus, insect, IX. 153.
Ath, or Aeth, IV. 113.
Athalia, insects, IX. 217.
Athanaric, VII. 279.
Athanasian Creed, IV. 113.
Athanasius (St), IV. 113—his opinion
of apparitions, III. 297.
Athanati, IV. 113.
Athapescow, river, VI. 63.
Atheism, XIV. 693 ; XVII. 797—pre¬
valent at Paris in the middle of the
18 th century, I. 181—influence of, in
aggravating the atrocities of the
French Revolution, 182—immorality
of, XV. 479.
Atheists, IV. 113—sect of, called Hy-
lozoists, XII. 135.
Atheling, IV. 113.
Athelstan, king of England, IV. 113
-—reign of, VIII. 703.
Athenaeum, IV. 113.
Athene us, grammarian, IV. 114.
Athenagoras, philosopher, IV. 114.
Athenians, their good taste and love of
the beautiful, III. 265—their charac¬
ter, IV. 162—their attachment to
the theatre, VIII. 146—circumstances
unfavourable to the production of
whimsical characters among them,
151—their invasion of Syracuse, XXI.
55.
Athenodorus, Stoic, IV. 114.
Athenry, Irish town, IV. 114.
Athens, IV. 114—Academy of, II. 65
—choragic monument of Lysicrates,
III. 416, 436, 442 ; of Thrasyllus,
‘ 436—Stuart and Revett’s Antiquities
of, 430—the Parthenon, 435—Propy-
laeum, 436—army of, 585—captured
by Xerxes, IV. 151—rebuilt and for¬
tified, ib.—plague at, 155—captured
by the Spartans, 160 — cruelties of
the Thirty Tyrants at, VI. 735—dials
on the Tower of the Winds, VII. 7 58
—dials of Phsedrus, ib.—tragic writers
of, VIII. 148—comic writers, 149—
Elgin marbles, 668—punishment of
idleness at, XII. 243—coins of, XIV.
469—its condition in the time of So¬
crates, XX. 436.
■ , in Georgia, X. 470.
Atherina, fish, XII. 192.
Atherix, insect, IX. 266.
Atheroma, IV. 129.
Atherospermese, in botany, V. 130.
Atuerstone, in Warwickshire, IV. 129.
C
ATH—ATM
Atherton, in Lancashire, IV. 129—
battle of Atherton Moor, V. 325.
Atherura, in zoology, XIV. 139.
Athias, his Hebrew Bible, IV. 614.
Athlete, IV. 130.
Athlone, an Irish town, IV. 130 ; XXL
863; XIX. 480—taken by the English
in 1690, V. 364.
Athol, in Perthshire, IV. 130.
Athor, Egyptian deity, VIII. 553.
Athos, IV. 130 ; X. 722—ancient ma¬
nuscripts at, XIII. 288.
Athy, in Kildare, IV. 130; XII. 714.
Atienza, a Spanish town, IV. 130.
Atitan, lake, XI. 17.
Atkins (Sir Robert), IV. 130.
Atkinson’s gig-mill, XXI. 934.
Atkyns (Richard), IV. 130.
Atlantic Ocean, IV. 130—currents
of the, XVII. 516—steam-navigation
across the, XX. 691.
Atlantis, IV. 130.
Atlas, king of Mauritania, IV. 131.
 , one of the vertebrae, II. 760—
its motions, 763.
 , mountains, IV. 131, 361; XIV.
330, 331 ; XV. 503.
 , book of maps, IV. 131.
Atmometer, IV. 131; XIV. 738.
Atmosphere, IV. 132—discovery of its
elasticity, I. 481—experiments to as¬
certain its density at different heights,
613—sound transmitted by the, II.
110, 115—velocity of sound, XX.
482—theory of its navigation, II.
178—diminution of its temperature
at increasing heights, 193, 194—its
composition the same at great heights
as at the earth’s surface, 195—its re-
fringent power, III. 762—of the sun,
783—moon, IV. 5—Venus, 28 ; XVIII.
105 — Mars, IV. 29 ; XVIII. 105 —
Jupiter, XVIII. 105—and comets, ib.
—discovery of its pressure, IV. 386—
gradation of its density, 398—G.
Beccaria on its electricity, 507—
why warmest at its lowest parts, VI.
750—its capacity for heat at different
degrees of rarity, 750—circulation of
air between the poles and the equator,
758—air lost by water in the act of
freezing, VII. 61—quantity of, neces¬
sary for respiration, VIII. 59—re¬
markably dry and saline in Egypt, 514
—electricity of the, 614—no muriatic
acid in sea-air, IX. 433—resistance
of the, XI. 42, XVIII. 644—specific
gravity of, XII. 26—relations of air to
heat, XII. 114—mutual repulsion of
its particles, 120—air emitted by ve¬
getables, 275—magnetic condition of
the, XIII. 742, 753—influence of its
purity andhygrometi’ic state onhealth,
XIV. 511—its colour, 740 ; XVI. 510 ;
XVII. 530—its height, XIV. 719 ;
XVIII. 74, 102 —its constitution,
XIV. 719—the variations of its local
weight unexplained, 721—new theory
proposed, 722—ho'.v affected by heat
and moisture, 721—law of atmospheric
solution, 733—quantity of moisture
held in the, 736—its extent, XV. 178
—moon’s influence on the, 442—un¬
usual refraction of the, XVI. 509—ef¬
fects of respiration on, XVII. 646—
mechanical properties of, XVIII. 69—
its necessity to animal life, 121—its
density and weight, XVII. 529 ; com¬
position, 530—aqueous vapour in the,
532—Otto Guericke’s experiments on
its pressure, XX. 622—effect of its
pressure on the level of the sea, XXI.
285—necessary to germination, 567—
changes on it thereby produced, 568
—food derived by plants from it, 571
— necessary to vegetation, 575 —
changes on it thereby produced, ib.—
577, 579-, 583, 584—whether on the
whole purified or deteriorated by
plants, 578—atmospheric air, in mi¬
neralogy, XV. 137. See Meteorology,
Pneumatics, Projectiles, Acoustics,
Climate, Cloud, Ventilation.
ATM—AUC
Atmospheric steam-engine, XX. 622.
Atom, IV. 138—the simplest extended
particle consists of four atoms, XX.
754.
Atomic theory, in chemistry, VI. 352.
Atomical Philosophy, IV. 139 ; XIV.
647—superior to any other conjecture
of the ancient philosophers, I. 71.
Atonement, the, VI. 623.
Atooi, island, IV. 139.
Atractocerus, insect, IX. 146.
Atrato, river, II. 651, 652 ; VII. 90 ;
XVI. 787 ; XXI. 592.
Atrebatii, IV. 139.
Atreus, IV. 139.
Atri, Neapolitan town, IV. 139.
Atrienses, IV. 139.
Atrium, IV. 139.
Atrophy, IV. 139; XVII. 128.
Atropos, IV. 139.
Atta, insect, IX. 228.
Attachment, in law, IV. 139.
^Attacotti, IV. 139 ; V. 296; VI. 2.
Attagenus, insect, IX. 149.
Attainder, IV. 139—corruption of
blood by, VII. 377.
Attak, an Aleutian island, II. 404.
Attains, XVII. 228, 230; XIX. 389.
Attelabides, insects, IX. 172,
Attelabus, insect, IX. 172.
Attention, IV. 139.
Attenuation, IV. 14 0.
Atterbury (Dr Francis), IV. 140—his
trial, 448—his share in answering
Bentley’s work on the Epistles of Pha-
laris, IV. 576—his opinion of Bishop
Berkeley, IV. 585.
Attic dialect, XVII. 404.
 , in architecture, III. 453, 465.
Attica, IV. 142 ; X. 723—institution of
castes in, VI. 221—names of months,
654—mines of, XV. 242.
Atticus (Titus Pomponius), IV. 172.
Attigny, French town, IV. 173.
Attila, IV. 173; XI. 733—his wars
with the Romans, XIX. 422.
Attiret (Fr&re), VI. 585.
Attitudes of man, II. 795-6; XIV. 194
—of brutes, 195.
Attleborough, in Norfolk, IV. 173.
Attock, in Hindostan, IV. 173.
Attorney-at-Law, IV. 173.
Attorney-General, IV. 173.
Attraction, IV. 173—attractive force
of adhesion, II. 151—chemical, VI.
356—capillary, 110; XII. 38—electric,
VIII. 575, 577, 586, 592—mutual, of
floating bodies, XII. 46—magnetic,
XIII. 702—of mountains, XIV. 278 ;
XV. 583. See Dynamics, Gravitation,
Tides.
Attribute, IV. 187.
Attributives, IV. 187.
Attruck, Persian river, IV. 187.
Attu, an Aleutian island, IV. 187.
Atwood (Geo.), IV. 187—on evaporation,
IX. 425—his machine for illustrating
the doctrines of accelerated and re¬
tarded motion, XIV. 450—his rule for
areas of curvilinear spaces, XX. 234.
Atychia, insects, IX. 244.
Atypus, genus of arachnides, III. 358.
Atys, VII. 474.
Aubagne, French town, IV. 188.
Aubaine, IV. 188.
Aube, in France, IV. 189.
Aubenton, French town, IV. 189.
Aubeterre, French town, IV. 189.
Aubigny. French town, IV. 189.
Aubin de Cormier (St), IV. 189.
Aubonne, in Switzerland, IV. 189.
Aubrey (John), IV. 189—his anecdotes
relative to Lord Bacon, I. 239-40.
Auburg, in Hanover, IV. 189.
Auburn, in Wiltshire, IV. 189—Ameri¬
can penitentiary, XVIII. 583, 587.
Aubusson, in France, IV. 189.
Auch, in France, IV. 189.
Auchenia, in zoology, XIV. 157.
Auchincass, ruins of. III. 195.
Auchterarder,IV. 189.
Auchtermuchty,IV. 189.
Auckland (Lord), his opinion as to
AUC—AUR
whether all treaties are annulled by
war, V. 509.
Auckland (Bishop’s), in Durham. See
Bishop’s Auckland.
Auction, IV. 189.
Aude, in France, IV. 189.
Audeus, IV. 189.
Auditors, IV. 189, 190.
Auditorium, IV. 190.
Auditory nerve, II. 802.
Audley (Lord), at the battle of Poitiers,
VI. 604.
Audr an, several engravers of that name,
IV. 190, 191—Gerard, 190; IX. 51.
Audubon (J. J.), his crayon paintings,
VII. 451—on American birds, XVI.
553, 595, 632, 634—on the turtle,
XIX. 129—on the alligator, 136, 137.
Auerbach, IV. 191.
Auerstadt, IV. 191—battle of, X. 143.
Aufidius (Cornelius), a blind author,
IV. 700.
Augeas, IV. 191.
Augite, XV. 153—its sp. gr., XII. 27.
Augre, IV. 191.
Augsburg, IV. 191; IV. 460—early
printing at, XVIII. 548.
 Confession, IV. 191; XIX. 90.
 , treaty of, XIX. 93.
Augur, IV. 191, 257.
Augury, IV. 191. See Divination.
August, IV. 191—gardening operations
in, XI. 690.
Augusta, island, IV. 191—town in
Georgia, X. 470—in Maine, XIV. 44
—in Sicily, IV. 191; XV. 701.
Augustales, Roman priests, IV. 191.
Augustalia, festival, IV. 192.
AUGUSTALIS PRiEFECTUS, IV. 192.
Augustan age of Roman literature,
XVII. 412.
Augustan Confession. See Augsburg
Confession.
Augustenberg(Prince), XXI. 28.
Augustenburg, IV. 192.
Augustin (St), archb. of Canterbury,
IV. 192—Christianity introduced into
England by, VIII. 701.
 of Venice, engraver, IX. 45.
Augustine (St), bishop of Hippo, IV.
192—on the freedom of the will, I.
267—genius and character of, 309—on
apparitions, III. 297—on beauty, IV.
484—on predestination, XVIII. 515
—original sin taught by, XXI. 219.
  (St), a town in Florida, IV. 192 ,
IX. 627.
 , cape, IV. 192.
Augustins, order of, IV. 192.
Augustow, in Poland, IV. 192-3.
Augustus Cassar, IV. 193; XVI. 320;
reign of, XIX. 400—mausoleum of,
III. 447—register of the revenues and
expenses of the Roman empire be¬
queathed to the Senate by, XX. 567.
 , king of Poland, XIX. 543;
XXL 22, 23.
Auk, bird, XVI. 630.
Aula, IV. 193—regia, ib.
Aulacus, insect, IX. 218.
Aulastoma, worm, XI. 226.
Aulcester, IV. 193.
Auldearn, battle of, V. 327.
Auldjo f Mr), his ascent of Mont Blanc,
II. 563.
Auletes, IV. 193; VIII. 474.
Aulic, IV. 193.
Aulnage, II. 537.
Aulopus, fish, XII. 213.
Aulostoma, fish, XII. 197.
Aulps, French city, IV. 193.
Aulus Gellius. See Gellius.
Aumbry, IV. 193.
Aume, Dutch measure, IV. 193.
Auncel Weight, IV. 193.
Aune, French measure, IV. 193.
Aungervyle (Richard) IV. 193.
Aunis, in France, IV. 193.
Aurach, German town, IV. 194.
Aur.®, in mythology, IV. 194.
Auran, XVI. 517.
Aurantiacese, in botany, V. 101.
Auray, French town, IV. 194.
16
INDEX
AUR—AUX
Aurelia, IV. 194. See Chrysalis.
Aurelianus (Lucius Domitius), Roman
emperor, IV. 194—reign of, XIX.
412—his gold coinage, XIV. 477—his
expedition against Palmyra, XVI. 775.
Aurelius. See Antoninus Philosophus.
 Victor. See Victor.
Aureola, IV. 194.
Aureus, Roman coin, IV. 194; XV. 397.
Aurich, IV. 194.
Aurichalcum, XVI. 534.
Auricle of the ear, IV. 194 ; II. 800.
Auricles of the heart, IV. 194 5 II. 818 ;
XVII. 637.
Auricola, in conchology, XV. 346.
Auricula, culture of, XI. 684,
Auriflamma, IV. 194.
Auriga, constellation, IV. 194.
Aurillac, in France, IV. 194.
Auriol’s Island, IV. 194.
Auriscalpium, IV. 194.
Aurochs, in zoology, XIV. 166.
Aurora, IV. 194.
 Australis, IV. 197.
 Island, IV. 194.
Aurora Borealis, IV. 194 ; XVII. 542
—electrical origin of, I. 623; VIII.
623 —its magnetic influence, XIII.
698, 740, 754.
Aurungabad, IV. 202.
Aurungzebe, III. 690—reign of, XI. 410.
Auschwitz, IV. 203.
Ausi, IV. 203.
Ausonian, IV. 203.
Ausonium mare, IV. 203.
Ausonius (Decimus Magnus), IV. 203.
Auspex, IV. 203.
Ausserhoden, IV. 203.
Auster, IV. 203.
Austerlitz, a town in Moravia, IV.
203—battle of, V. 520; X. 139.
Austin (Miss), her novels, XIX. 347.
■ (St). See Augustin.
Austle (St), Cornish town, IV. 203.
Australasia, IV. 203—emigration to,
VIII. 688—map of, IV. PI. 103.
Australia, animals of, XVII. 551.
Austria, IV. 219—army of, III. 603—
Joseph II.’s plan of exchanging the
Austrian Netherlands for Bavaria, V.
437—designs of, against France in
1791, 461—mercantile policy of, VII.
165—cotton-manufacture, 419—sta¬
tistics, IX. 415—trade with France,
X. 189—rate of interest, XII. 327—
legislation, XIII. 192 — coins, XV.
407, 409—heights of mountains of,
XVII. 506—wars with Prussia, XVIII.
673—penal law, 736—-registration of
births &c., XIX. 103—religion, 315-
war with Sweden, XXI. 18—Austrian
rule in Switzerland, 43—war with
Turkey, 413—weights and measures,
851, 848, 849—map of, IV. PI. 104.
Autharis, Lombard king, XIII. 465.
Authors, their copyright, VII. 313—
proposed remedies for the inadequacy
of their rewards, 316.
Autochthones, IV. 238.
Autocrator, IV. 238.
Auto-da-Fe, II. 129; XII. 289.
Autodidactus, IV. 239.
Autograph, IV. 239.
Autolithotomus, IV. 239.
Autolycus on astronomy, IV. 729.
Automatic actions of animals, XII. 297
—muscular motions, XVII. 677.
Automaton, IV. 238, 123.
Automolite, XV. 155—its specific gra¬
vity, XII. 27.
Autonomia, IV. 239.
Autopyros, IV. 239.
Autos Sacramentales, VIII. 155.
Autumn, IV. 239.
Autumnal Equinox—Point—Signs, IV.
239.
Autun, in France, IV. 239.
Auvernas, wine, IV. 239.
Auxerre, in France, IV. 239.
Auxesis, IV. 239.
Auxiliary, IV. 239.
  Verbs, IV. 239; X. 659, 692.
Auxinurus, fish, XII. 190.
AUX—AXI
Auxiron (Comte d’), his experiments
with steam-boats, XX. 687.
Auxis, fish, XII. 183.
Auxo, IV. 239.
Auxonne, French city, IV. 239.
Auzout’s micrometer, XV. 11—his pneu¬
matic experiment, XVIII. 72.
Xva, IV. 240; XVII. 172—language of,
XIII. 80.
Avadoutas, IV. 249.
Aval. See Bahrein.
Avalanches, IV. 249—in the Alps, II.
560—in Caucasus, VI. 250—not found
among the Andes, III. 118.
Avallon, IV. 249.
Avarice not a principle of human na¬
ture, I. 366—a vice of the Duke of
Marlborough, VI. 688—whether in¬
nate, XII. 303.
Aveiro, IV. 249.
Aveiron, or Aveyron, IV. 249.
Avelghem, IV. 249.
Avella, Neapolitan town, IV. 249.
Avellino, Neapolitan town, IV. 249.
Ave-Maria, IV. 250.
Avenches, in Switzerland, IV. 250.
Avenor, IV. 250.
Aventine (John), IV. 250.
Aventinus Mons, in Rome, IV. 250;
XIX. 424, 426.
Aventurine, specific gravity of, XII. 27.
Avenue, IV. 250.
Avenwedde, IV. 250.
Avenzoar, Arabian physician, IV. 250
—his surgical skill, XX. 826.
Average, IV. 251.
Avernes, or Avesnes, IV. 254.
Avernus, now Averno, lake, IV. 254 ;
XV. 698 ; XVII. 523.
Averroes, IV. 254; III. 735; XX. 827.
Averroists, IV. 255.
Averrunci Dei, IV. 255.
A versa, Italian town, IV. 255.
Aversion, XV. 466.
Aves, a Carribbee island, IV. 255—
birds, XVII. 586.
Avesbury (Robert), IV. 255.
Aveyron, or Aveiron, IV. 249.
Avezzano, Neapolitan town, IV. 255.
Aviary, IV. 255.
Avicenna, Arabian physician, IV. 255;
XIII. 292—on anatomy, XVII. 726—
his surgical skill, XX. 826.
Avicula, in conchology, XV. 344, 373.
Avicularis, in conchology, XV. 343.
Avigliano, Italian town, IV. 255.
Avignon, in France, IV. 255.
Avigny, French town, IV. 189.
Avila, in Spain, IV. 256.
Avio, Tyrolese town, IV. 256.
Avis, Portuguese town, IV. 256.
Avison (Charles), IV. 256.
Avisse, a blind author, IV. 701.
Avitus, Roman emperor, XIX. 423.
Avlona, in Turkey, IV. 256.
Avocet, bird, XVI. 626.
Avoirdupois weight, IV. 256, 544 
origin of the name, XXI. 849—table
of, 850.
Avola, in Sicily, IV. 256 ; XV. 702.
Avon, river in Warwickshire, its naviga¬
tion, XVI. 8.
 , river in Somersetshire, XX. 475.
 , river in Hampshire, its naviga¬
tion, XVI. 8.
Avranches, in France, IV. 256.
Avravanel (Isaac), II. 41.
Avsta, Swedish village, IV. 256.
Awa, in Japan, IV. 256.
Award, in law, IV. 256.
Awasi, Japanese island, IV. 256.
Awe (Loch), trout of. III. 142.
Awl, IV. 256.
Awme, Dutch measure, IV. 256.
Ax, IV. 256.
Axamenta, IV. 256.
Axan, VII. 285.
Axbridge, in Somerset, IV. 257.
Axe, river in Somersetshire, XX. 475
—its navigation, XVI. 8.
Axel, IV. 257.
Axholm, island, IV. 257.
Axilla, IV. 257.
AXI—BAB
Axillary, IV. 257.
Axim, African territory, IV. 257.
Axinite, in mineralogy, XV. 158—its
pyro-electricity, VIII. 598—its speci¬
fic gravity, XII. 27.
AXinomancy, IV. 257.
Axiom, IV. 257; XIII. 444, 453—geo¬
metrical axioms, X. 433, 434.
Axis, in geometry, &c., IV. 257—in
zoology, XIV. 161—one of the verte-
brae, IV. 760. See Rotation, XIX. 490.
Axles, friction of, XIV. 412—strength
of, XX. 778—wheel and axle, XIV.
636.
Axminster, in Devonshire, IV. 257.
Axolotus, reptile, XIX. 161.
Axum, II. 51, 231—ruins of, 55, 57.
Axungia, IV. 257.
Ay, or Ai, French town, IV. 257.
Ayacucho, battle of, XVII. 299.
Ayamonte, Spanish town, IV. 257.
Aye-aye, an animal, XIV. 131.
Aylesbury, in Buckinghamshire, IV.
258 ; II. 365—vale of, V. 634.
Aylsham, in Norfolk, IV. 258.
Aymargues, French city, IV. 258.
Ayora, Spanish town, IV. 258.
Ayr, town, IV. 258—river, 259.
 (Newton-upon), IV. 258.
Ayraines, French town, IV. 260.
Ayres (Sir John), VI. 616.
Ayrshire, IV. 259—cheese, VII. 591.
Ayry of hawks, IV. 260.
Ayscue (Sir George), IV. 260 ; V. 343.
Ayton, in Berwickshire, IV. 261.
Azafi, XIX. 609.
Az amor, a sea-port in Morocco, IV. 2 61;
XV. 506.
Azariah, king of Judah, IV. 261.
Azazel, IV. 261; XIX. 674.
Azeitao, Portuguese town, IV. 261.
Azerbijan, in Persia, IV. 261.
Azimuth, IV. 261; III. 754—calcula¬
tion of azimuths in the trigonometrical
survey, XXI. 368.
 compass, IV. 261; XIII. 765.
 dial, VII. 776.
 and altitude circle, IV. 109, 261.
Azoga ships, IV. 261.
Azoni, IV. 262.
Azoph, IV. 262—sea of, 659.
Azores, islands, IV. 262.
Azote, or nitrogen. See Nitrogen.
Azotus, in Palestine, XVI. 741.
Azpilcueta (Martin de), III, 705.
Azrek (Bahr el), II. 239.
Aztecks, II. 622, 623, 635.
Azuero (Dr), VII. 107.
Azulmic acid, VI. 436.
Azure, in heraldry, XI. 244.
Azure-spar, in mineralogy, XV. 154.
Azure-stone, specific gravity of, XII.
27.
Azzara, (J. F. N. de), IV. 264, on the
vampire, XIV. 101—on natural his¬
tory, XVI. 552.
B
B, letter of the alphabet, IV. 264.
Baal, IV. 265.
Baal-berith, IV. 265.
Baal-peor, IV. 265.
Baal-zebub, IV. 265.
Baasa, IX. 378.
Babatag, Turkish city, IV. 265.
Babbage (Charles), misled by a table in
Morgan’s work on Life Assurance,
III. 201—his work on institutions for
life assurance, ib.—on magnetism,
XIII. 694, 713—his calculating ma¬
chine, XIV. 354—his mechanical no¬
tation, 444—on hot-blast iron-smelt¬
ing, XX. 411.
Babel, IV. 265—confusion of tongues,
at, VII. 213; XVII. 355.
Babelmandel, strait of, IV. 265.
Babenhausen, in Bavaria, IV. 266.
Baber, island, IV. 266.
 , sultan, III. 690 ; XI. 409.
Babiacora, Mexican town, XIV. 818.
BAB—BAG
Babington (Gervase), IV- 266.
Babington’s conspiracy, XIX. 742,
Baboons, XIV. 93.
Babraham, VI. 34.
Babrius, XXI. 443.
Babuyanes, islands, IV. 266.
Babylon, IV. 266—ruins of. III. 412-
history of, 684—gardens of, X. 319—
Jewish captivity at, XII. 568—Jewish
archate of, 576—taken by Alexander,
XIII, 632—paintings at, XVI. 693-
bricks of, XVIII. 537.
Babylonia, or Chaldaea, IV. 270 ; XL
472.
Babylonians. See Chaldeans.
Babylonica Texta, IV. 271.
Babyrussa, in zoology, XIV. 149.
Baeeha, insect, IX. 273.
Bacch*, priestesses, IV. 271.
Bacchanalia ancient feasts, IV. 271.
Bacchanalians, XV. 665.
Bacchic, IV. 271—song, ib.
Bacchius, ancient author, IV. 271,
Bacchus (Egyptian), IV. 272; XVI.
654—mysteries of, XV. 663.
  (Grecian), IV. 272 ; XV. 665,
668—mysteries of, 665—statue of,
VIII. PI. 194.
Bacchylides, Greek poet, IV. 272.
Baccio, or Baccius (Andrew), IV. 272.
 (Fra. Bartolomeo', IV. 272.
Bacha, in Germany, IV. 272.
Bache (Professor), his steam-engine
alarm, XX. 682.
Bachelier (Monsieur), on encaustic paint¬
ing, VIII. 694.
Bachelors, IV. 272—taxed in Rome,
II. 196—degree of bachelor, IV. 272;
XXL 487, 498, 504.
Bachelor-knights, IV. 272 ; VI. 610.
Bachhoffner’s voltaic battery, XXI.
672.
Bachian, island, IV. 272.
Bachmut, in Russia, IV. 272.
Back (Captain), on the magnetic influ¬
ence of the aurora, XIII. 669, 741,
742 —his arctic expedition of disco¬
very, XVIII. 222.
Backer, or Bakker (Jacob), IV. 275.
Backergunge, in Bengal, IV. 275.
Backgammon, IV. 272
Backhinc, V. 768.
Backing the sails, IV. 275.
Backschisarai, in Russia, IV. 275.
Backwater navigation, XVI. 4.
Bacon, curing of, II. 339 : VIII. 262.
  (Francis), Baron of Verulam,
XXL 605—his philosophy, XVII. 433,
57 2—his outline of the various depart¬
ments of human knowledge imperfect,
I. 1-3—objections to his classification
of the sciences and arts according to
a logical division of our faculties, 5, 6
—his attempt to accomplish this, how¬
ever, productive of great advantages
to science, 7—his comprehensiveness
of mind, ib.—his opinion of Paracel¬
sus, 18—his genius peculiarly adapted
to the study of the phenomena of
mind, 32—his definition of poetry, 33
—general comprehensiveness of his
hints and reflections relative to the
philosophy of the mind, and its rela¬
tion to matter, ib.—on the reciprocal
influence of thought and language, 34
—profound reflections of, on grammar,
ib-—his ethical disquisitions generally
of a practical nature, 35—his opinion
that the faculties of man have de¬
clined as the world has grown older,
erroneous, ib.—character of his Es¬
says, 36—on philosophical jurispru¬
dence, ib.—on “ deep and vulgar laws,”
ib.—paramount importance attached
by, to the education of the people, 38
—character of, by Ben Johnson and
others, 239-40—Condorcet’s estimate
of his powers, 56—his works little
read in France till after the publica¬
tion of D’Alembert’s preliminary dis¬
course, ib.—on human reason, 58—
his admiration of the Epicurean phy¬
sics, 71-analysis of his Novum Orga-
INDEX
17
BAG—BAD
non, 454, 470, et seq.—low state of
physics in the time of, ib.—on the
causes of vagueness and sterility in
all the physical sciences, ib.—causes
of error enumerated under four heads
called “ Idols,” 455-6—does not charge
the ancients with being absolutely re¬
gardless of experiment, 456—reduces
the periods during which science had
been cultivated, to that of the Greeks,
that of the Romans, and that of the
western nations after the revival of
letters, ib.—considers the end and ob¬
ject of knowledge to have be^n very
much mistaken, 457—exemplification
of the nature of induction, 458 —
classes all learning relatively to me¬
mory, reason, and imagination, ib.—
distribution of knowledge under these
heads, 459—explanation of the latent
process, and the latent schematism,
ib.—method of exemplifying the pro¬
cess of induction relative to the form
or cause of any thing, 460—intended
that his method should be applied to
all investigations where experience is
the guide, ib.—all facts not of equal
value in the discovery of truth, 461—
enumeration of twenty-seven different
species of facts, or instantioe, with ex¬
amples of these, 461-6 — quotation
from, on those experiments which
most immediately tend to improve art
by extending science, 467—remarks
on the philosophical instruments then
known, ib.—sagacious anticipation of
facts regarding light afterwards dis¬
covered, quoted, ib.—general estimate
of his genius, 468—Hume’s compari¬
son between him and Galileo, 469
—qualities in which he excelled Ga¬
lileo, as well as all mankind, 470—
views of, regarding the nature of heat,
640—his confused ideas on aeronau¬
tics, II. 180—on the nourishment of
plants and animals, III. 166—his phi¬
losophy compared with Aristotle’s,
496-7, 509—treats Aristotle unjustly,
514—on the balance of power, IV.
309, 311—on bodily deformity, VII.
674, 676—on the compressibility of
water, XII. 9—on law-reform, XIII.
189—on insanity, XIV. 579—on elo¬
quence, XIX. 212—not free from su¬
perstition, XX. 812.
—.  (John), IV. 276—character of
his sculpture, XX. 9.
 (Sib. Nicholas), IV. 275.
—  (Roger), IV. 275—his claim to
the respect of posterity, I. 454—pur¬
sued the true philosophy amidst ig¬
norance and error, 507—advancement
made by, in optics, ib.; XIII. 329 ;
XVI. 351—probable that he made ex¬
periments with lenses, and knew their
properties, I. 507—his inclination to
the marvellous, 508—on the art of
flying, II. 177—ignorant of the denary
numerals, III. 541—not the inventor
of gunpowder, ib., n. 1; XI. 76—on
astronomy, III. 736—his chemical
and other knowledge, VI. 343.
Baconthorp (John), IV. 277.
Bactria, or Bactriana, IV. 277.
Bactroperata, IV. 277.
Bacclarics, IV. 275.
Bacule, in fortification, IV. 277.
Baculites, in conchology, XV. 345.
Badajoz, IV. 277—siege of, V. 530,
532; IX. 778, n.
Sadakshan, or Buducshan, IV. 277.
Badalona, in Spain, IV. 277.
Baden, X. 489—army of, III. 610—
coins of, XV. 409—weights and mea¬
sures of, XXI. 852.
-  , or Baden-Baden, IV. 277.
 , Swiss town, IV. 277.
 , Austrian town, IV. 278.
Badenoc?, IV. 278 ; XII. 334.
Badens (Francis), painter, IV. 278.
Baden-Weiller, IV. 278.
Badger, XIV. 107—its power of resist¬
ing starvation, III. 167.
BAD—BAJ
Badia (Senor), his travels in Egypt,
VIII. 557.
Badiboo, XX. 94,
Badile (Antonio), painter, IV. 278.
Badister, insect, IX. 128.
Badids (Josse), printer, IV. 278.
Badku, IV. 302.
B^tica, in Spain, IV. 278 ; XX. 491.
B^ttlia, IV. 278.
Bmz\, Spanish town, IV. 278.
   (Becerra de), painter, XVI. 722.
Baffin (Wm.), his voyages of discovery,
X. 757 ; XVIII. 218.
Baffin’s Bat, IV. 278 ; XVII. 521.
Baffo, town in Cyprus, IV. 278.
Bagdad, IV. 278 ; VIII. 479—culti¬
vation of science at, under Alma-
mon, II.. 531; III. 734—caliphs of,
III. 686.*
Bage (Robert), his novels, XIX. 345.
Baglana, in Hindostan, IV. 281.
Baglivi (George), physician, IV. 281.
Bagmutty, river, IV. 281.
Bagnara, Neapolitan city, IV. 281.
Bagnarea, Italian town, IV. 281.
Bagneres, in France, IV. 281.
Bagnialack, Turkish town, IV. 281.
Bagnolas, French town, IV. 281.
Bagnoli, Neapolitan city, IV. 281.
Bagnolians, heretics, IV. 281.
Bagnolo, Sardinian city, IV. 281.
Bagous, insect, IX. 174.
Bagpipe, IV. 281.
Bagrus, fish, XII. 202.
Bahamas, islands, IV. 282.
Bahar, in Hindostan, IV. 283.
Bahia, province, XIX. 627 ; V. 195—
climate of, V. 200—population, 202
—productions, 206,
 , town, foundation of, V. 190—
taken by the Dutch, 191—commerce
of, 210.
Bahir, IV. 284.
Bahlingen, in Wirtemberg, IV. 284.
Bahr-bilama, VIII. 518.
Bahr-el-Abiad, II. 36, 239; VIII. 512;
XVI. 225.
Bahr-el-Azrek, XVI. 227.
Bahrein, islands, IV. 284.
Bahry, town in Hindostan, IV. 284.
Bahus, Swedish town, IV. 284.
Bam:, IV. 284 ; XV. 698, 709.
Baihingen, in Wirtemberg, IV. 285.
Baikal, lake, IV. 285; XVII. 521;
XIX. 586—mineral tallow found at,
VI. 444.
 , mountains of, XX. 326.
Bail, in law,'IV. 285.
Bailey (Mr), of Chillingham, his drill-
machine, II. 267.
Bailiff, or Bailie, IV. 285.
Bailii (David), painter, IV. 285.
Bailiwick, IV. 286.
Baillet (Adrian), IV. 286—on pseu¬
donymous books, 627.
Bailleul, French town, IV. 286.
Baillie (Colonel), XI. 423.
 (General), defeated by the Mar¬
quis of Montrose, V. 327.
 (Joanna), her plays, VIII. 178.
 (Robert), IV. 286.
Bailly (Jean Sylvain), IV. 289—his
estimate of Leibnitz’s character, I.
262—on Hindoo astronomy, II. 426 ;
III. 726—on the motions of the fixed
stars, IV. 45—on animal magnetism,
XIV. 15.
Bailment, IV. 291.
Baily (Mr), on life annuities and as¬
surances, III. 200—on the pendulum,
IX. 572; XVII. 206.
Bainbridge (Dr John), IV. 291.
 (Mr), on angling, III. 137, etseq.
Bairactar, XXI. 416.
Bairedth, in Bavaria, IV. 291.
Bairout, Syrian town, IV. 291; VI. 717.
Bait-fishing, III. 134—for trout, 141.
Baiting, IV. 292.
Bajaluka, Turkish city, IV. 292.
Bajarotos, Spanish town, IV. 292.
Bajazet I., sultan of the Turks, IV.
284 ; VII. 289—his reign, XXI. 411.
 II., sultan, his reign, XXI. 412.
BAJ—BAL
Bajazid, IV. 465.
Bajulus, IV. 292.
Bakel, XX. 94.
Baker (Sir Richard), IV. 292.
 (Henry), IV. 293.
 (Thomas), IV. 292.
 (David Erskine), IV. 294.
—  (Mr), on animalcules, III. 186,
189.
 (Capt. H. C.), his experiments
on the elasticity and strength of tim¬
ber, XXL 300.
Bakers, IV. 294—diseases of, XIV. 510
—Roman, XV. 77.
Bakewell, in Derbyshire, IV. 294—
chalybeate spring at, VII. 736.
 (Robert), IV. 294—his improve¬
ment of live-stock, II. 263—recom¬
mends breeding in and in, 331.
Baking, IV. 294—of pottery, XVIII.
437, 501.
Baktchi-serai, VII. 472.
Baku, or Badku, IV. 302.
Balaam, IV. 303.
Balachna, in Russia, IV. 303.
Balacklava, IV. 661 ; VII. 473.
Baladan, king of Babylon, IV. 303.
Balsena, in zoology, XIV. 185.
Balaghaut Ceded Districts, IV. 303.
Balagny, VI. 616.
Balaguer, Spanish city, IV. 303.
Balaklava, IV. 661; VII. 473.
Balambangan, island, IV. 303.
Balambuan, town in Java, IV. 303.
Balance, IV. 303; XIV. 370—statical,
IV. 388—electrical, VIII. 660—tor¬
sion, 586 ; XIII. 688 ; XIV. 401-
Coulomb’s magnetic, XIII. 724—
Bate’s, XIV. 456—Dr Black’s, ib.—
history of the, XXI. 835—various
kinds described, 837, et seq.—self-ad¬
justing, 838. See Equilibrium, Weigh¬
ing-machines.
 , in watch-work, VI. 767—theory
of the, 798—expansion-balance, ib.—
Hardy’s compensation-balance, 799—
banking the balance, ib.—polarity of
steel-balances, 800.
 of a constitution, VIII. 407.
  of Power, IV. 308 ; V. 459,
507 ; XXI. 65—Mr Fox on, V. 447.
 of trade, errors respecting, IX.
447.
Balance-pump, XII. 99.
Balance-thermometer, XXI. 240.
Balaninus, insect, IX. 174.
Balanophorese, in botany, V. 132.
Balanus, in conchology, XV. 340.
Balard, (Mons.), of Montpellier, disco¬
very of bromine by, VI. 361.
Balason handkerchiefs, British manu¬
facture of, VII. 408.
Balasore, in Hindostan, IV. 313.
Balausta, in botany, V. 49.
Balayan, in Manilla, IV. 313.
Balbec, IV. 313—ruins of, III, 444,
Balboa (Nunez de), XVII. 294.
Balbriggen, IV. 315 ; VIII. 234.
Balcarce (General), IV. 756.
Balcarry, Scotch sea-port, IV. 315
Balconies, III. 462.
Baldinger (Ernest Godfrey), IV. 315
Baldinucci (Philip), IV. 315.
Baldock, in Hertfordshire, IV. 315.
   (Ralph de), IV. 315.
Baldwin, count of Flanders, Constanti¬
nople taken by, VII. 486.
 , emperor of the East, VII. 287.
  I., II., III., and IV., kings of
Palestine, XVI. 756.
 , archbishop of Canterbury, IV.
315.
Bale (John), bishop of Ossory, IV. 316.
Balearic Islands, IV. 316—slingers of
the, XX. 395.
Balen (Hendrick Van), IV. 316.
Bales (Peter), IV. 317.
Baley (Walter), IV. 317.
Balfour (Sir James), his “ Practicks,”
XX. 373.
Balfron, in Stirlingshire, IV. 317.
Balfroosh, Persian town, IV. 317.
Balgut (John and Thomas), IV. 317.
BAL—BAN
Balharry, in Hindostan, IV. 317.
Bali, island, IV. 318.
Balinderry, in Ireland, IV. 318.
Balinger, XX. 217.
Baliol (Sir John de), IV. 318.
 (John), XIX. 708.
Balistes, fish, XII. 229.
Balize, XI. 551.
Balk, or Bulk, IV. 318,
Balkan, XXL 418.
Ball, printers’, XVIII. 562, 563.
Ballad, IV. 319—Spanish, XVIII. 161.
Ballano, river, XVI. 783.
Ballast, IV. 320 ; XX. 267—iron, 56.
Ballenden. See Bellenden.
Ballenstedt, IV. 321.
Ballet, IV. 321; VII. 615.
Ballina, Irish town, IV. 321.
Ballinahinch, Irish town, IV. 321—
mineral waters of, VIII. 132.
Ballinakil, Irish town, IV. 321.
Ballinasloe, IV. 321; XIX. 480.
Ballingarry, Irish town, IV. 321.
Ballinrobe, IV. 321; XIV. 339.
Balliol. See Baliol.
Ballista, IV. 321.
Ballisteum, or Ballistrsea, IV. 321.
Ballistic Pendulum, IV. 321.
Balloon, theory of the, II. 181—buoyant
force of, ib. — celerity of ascent of,
182 — stability of its suspension at
given height, 183—invention of, by
the Montgolfiers, 184—first ascent in
a, 186—employed in war, X. 93, n. 2.
Balloon-fish, XII. 228.
Balloting, IV. 321.
Ballston springs, XVI. 183.
Ballusters of stairs, III. 463, 465.
Ballybay, Irish town, IV. 321.
Ballycastle, Irish town, IV. 321.
Ballymatron, Irish town, IV. 321.
Ballymena, Irish town, IV. 321.
Ballymoney, Irish village, IV. 321.
Ballymote, Irish town, IV. 321.
Ballyragget, Irish town, IV. 321.
Ballyshannon, Irish town, IV. 321 ;
VIII. 114—harbour of, 194.
Ballytore, Irish town, IV. 321.
Balm of Gilead, IV. 321.
 of Mecca, IV. 322.
Balm-tree of Arabia, III. 327.
Balma (Jacques), ascent of Mont Blanc
by, II. 562.
Balmerino, in Fife, IV. 324.
Balnaves (Henry), IV. 324.
Balnearii Servi, IV. 324.
Balnearies Fur, IV. 324.
Balognes, in France, IV. 324.
Balotade, IV. 324.
Balsams, VI. 490 ; IV. 322.
Balsamineae, in botany, V. 103.
Balsham (Hugh), XXI. 501.
Balsover, or Bolsover, IV. 324.
Balta, Russian town, IV. 324.
Baltic Sea, IV. 324; IX. 408.
Baltimore, Irish town, IV. 332.
 , in Maryland, IV. 332 ; XIV.
273—attempt of the British on, in
1814, V. 588—Ohio railroad, XIV.
272—college of, ib.
— (Lord.) See Calvert.
Baltinglass, Irish town, IV. 332.
Balubalagan Islands, IV. 332.
Baluster, IV. 332.
Balustrade, IV. 332 ; III. 453.
Baluze (Etienne), IV. 332—his collec¬
tion of the capitularies, VI. 124,
Balzac (J. L. G. de), IV. 335.
Bamba, IV. 335; VII. 528.
Bambarra, African country, IV. 335.
Bamberg, early printing at, XVIII. 548.
Bamboccio, painter, IV. 336.
Bamboo, IV. 336—used in the criminal
administration of China, VI. 555—pa¬
per made from, XVII. 9.
Bamborough, IV. 338.
Bambouk, African country, IV. 338.
Bamburg, in Bavaria, IV. 339.
Bamiyan, IV. 339.
Bampton, IV. 339.
Banagher, Irish town, IV. 339.
Banalbufar, Spanish town, IV. 339.
Banana, its culture in Mexico, XIV. 8 00.
18
INDEX,
BAN
Banat, in Hungary, IV. 339.
Banbury, in Oxfordshire, IV. 339.
Banca, island, IV. 339 — tin-mines of,
XV. 251 n.
Bancapoor, IV. 339.
Banchus, insect, IX. 225.
Bancook, Siamese port, IV. 339.
Bancroft on the art of dyeing, VIII. 297,
301, et seq.
Band, in architecture, III. 465.
Banda Islands, IV. 340.
  Oriental, II. 640, 642 ; V. 660.
Bandaleer, IV. 342.
Bandana handkerchiefs, manufacture of,
VII. 408.
Bandelkhand, V. 703.
Bandello, Italian novelist, IV. 342—
his romances, XIX. 349.
Bander Congo, IV. 343.
Bandini (Angelo Maria), IV. 343—on
political economy, XVIII. 268.
Banditti, IV. 343.
Bandon, Irish town, IV. 344.
 river navigation, XVI. 22.
Bandora, IV. 344.
Bandore, IV. 344.
Bandrol, IV. 344.
Bane, IV. 344.
Banff and Banffshire, IV. 344.
Bangalore, IV. 345 ; V. 462.
Banghir, Irish town, IV. 346.
Bangor, in Wales, IV. 346—in Ireland,
ib.—in Maine, XIV. 44.
Banguey, island, IV. 346.
Baniak, island, IV. 346.
Banialuch, in Turkey, IV. 346.
Banian-tree, IX. 536.
Banians, Hindoo sect, IV. 346.
Banier (Anthony), IV. 346.
Banister (John), IV. 346.
Banjarmassin, IV. 347; V. 10.
Banr, IV. 347. See Banking, Banks.
 of England, XIII. 497; XVII. 27
—its establishment and history, 28—
principles of, 31—Bramah’s machine
for numbering and dating its notes,
V. 183—its difficulties in 1796-7, 480,
483—acts of Parliament respecting, in
1826, 565—importation of gold by,
VII. 44—reserve of treasure in, 175-
bad effects of secrecy as to amount
of its treasure in 1825 and 1818,
ib.—importance of publicity, ib.—de¬
gradation in the value of its paper,
XV. 402—publication of its quarterly
accounts, XX. 568.
• of France, X. 193.
Bank-notes, XV. 392, 402 ; XVII. 20,
31, 41, 43 ; VII. 459—numbering and
dating of, V. 183—suppression of small
notes in England, V. 565; VIE 174
—their influence on commerce, VII.
160, 173—effects of degradation of
value of, XV. 403—steel-engraving of,
IX. 54—printing of, XVIII. 570.
Bankers, IV. 347—none in Spain, XX.
519.
Bankes (J. W.), his Egyptian disco¬
veries, VIII. 558—on hieroglyphics,
XI. 354.
Banking, IV. 347—Irish, XII. 411—in
London, XIII. 505—in the United
States, XXL 474. See Bank, Banks,
Credit, Exchange.
 . See Embankment.
Bankiva-cock, XVI. 609.
Bankok, XX. 322.
Bankrupt, IV. 347 —old Roman law
against bankrupts, VI. 711.
Banks, XVII. 19, 27—English, 28-
Scotch, 42 ; XIX. 770—Irish, XVII.
41—foreign, 45—in the middle ages,
IB 7—numerous failures of, in 1825,
V. 564—in Buenos Ayres, 652—Edin¬
burgh, VIII. 426—New York, XVI.
191—Savings-Banks, XIX. 662, 766 ;
XII. 411 ; XVIII. 385; XXL 51.
   (John), IV. 348.
    Sir Joseph), IV. 348—his ob¬
servations on a spider, III. 355—ca¬
talogue of his library, IV. 630 ;
'VIII. 221—his botanical labours, V.
78,84.
BAN—BAR
Banks (Thos.), his sculpture, XX. 9.
Banks’s Island, IV. 351.
Bann, or Ban, IV. 351.
 river navigation, XVI. 22.
Banner, IV. 351.
Bannerets, knights, IV. 351; VI. 611.
Bannister (Humphry), his betrayal of
the Duke of Buckingham, XII. 275.
Bannockburn, in Stirlingshire, IV. 351
—battle of, XIX. 710.
Banqueting Room, IV. 351.
Banska, in Hungary, IV. 352.
Bantam, town in Java, IV. 352.
Bantry Bay, in the county of Cork,
IV. 352 ; VII. 330; X. 104.
Banwell, cave of, XV. 223.
Baptism, IV. 352 ; XL 490—of the dead,
IV. 356—hypothetical, solemn, and
lay, ib.—catachumens, or candidates
for, VI. 241—proportion of baptisms
to the population in England, VIII.
800—registration of, XIX. 98. See
Baptists, Anabaptists.
Baptismal vow, IV. 356—Presents, ib.
Baptist (John Monnoyer), IV. 356.
Baptists, IV. 356 ; II. 680.
Baptistery, IV. 357.
Bar, in courts of justice, IV. 357.
 , in heraldry, IV. 357 ; XI. 249.
 , in music, IV. 357.
 , in rivers, IV. 357 ; XIX. 285.
 , a Turkish town, III. 269.
 , or Barrah, XX. 93.
Bar-le-Duc, in France, IV. 357.
Bar-sur-Aube, in France, IV. 358.
Bar-sur-Seine, in France, IV. 358.
Bara, a festival, IV. 358.
Barabinzians, IV. 358.
Baracoa, in Cuba, IV. 358.
Bara-franca, IV. 358.
Barahat, IV. 358.
Baraiche, IV. 358.
Baralipton, in logic, IV. 358.
Barallots, heretics, IV. 358.
Baran, in Hungary, IV. 358.
Barangi, IV. 358.
Baranwahr, IV. 358.
Baras, specific gravity of, XII. 27.
Barathrum,IV.358.
Baratiere fPhilip), IV. 358.
Barbacan, IV. 359.
Barbaceniese, in botany, V. 134.
Barbacou, bird, XVI. 598.
Barbadoes, island, IV. 359.
Barbara, in logic, IV. 360.
Barbarano, Austrian town, IV. 360.
Barbarian, IV. 360.
Barbarism, IV. 360.
Barbaro on architecture. III. 425.
Barbarossa, IV. 360 ; II. 504 ; XII.
470; XVIII. 190.
Barbary States, IV. 360—dynasty of
the Almohedes, II. 534—wars with
Portugal, 552, et seq.—French trade
with, X. 191—slavery in, XX. 384.
Barbastro, Spanish city, IV. 367.
Barbatelli (Bernardino), IV. 867.
Barbatio, VII. 274.
Barbauld (Mrs), on Richardson’s novels,
XIX. 337.
Barbe, IV. 367.
Barbel, XII. 198—angling for, III. 147.
Barber, IV. 367—origin of barber’s
pole, III. 308.
Barberino (Francis), IV. 367.
 , Italian town, IV. 367.
Barbeyrac (John), IV. 367.
Barbezieux, in France, IV. 367.
Barbican, IV. 359—bird, XVI. 599.
Barbicornis, insect, IX. 242.
Barbier (M.), on anonymous books, IV.
628.
Barbieri, IV. 367.
Barbon (Nicholas), on political econo¬
my, XVIII. 266.
Barboteau on ants, III. 239.
Barbour (John), IV. 367 ; XL 234—
his poetry, IX. 41.
Barb-Sin, XX. 93.
Barbuda, island, IV. 371.
Barbus, XII. 198—angling for, III, 147.
Barca, in Africa, IV. 372.
Barcellos, in Portugal, IV. 372.
BAR
Barcelona, IV. 372—taken by the Earl
of Peterborough, V. 370.
Barcelonette, in France, IV. 372.
Barcelor, IV. 372.
Barclay (Alex.), poet, IV. 372.
 (John), IV. 374.
 (John), M.D., IV. 377—on an¬
cient opinions concerning the soul,
III. 296.
 (Robert), IV. 377.
 (William), M.D., IV. 373.
 (William), LL.D., IV. 374.
Barcochebas, or Barcochab, IV. 378;
XII. 576 ; XVI. 753.
Bards, IV. 378—ancient German, X.
475—Celtic, XVII. 415.
Bardas, IV. 379.
Bardesanists, heretics, IV. 379.
Bardewick, German town, IV. 379.
Bardoe, in Norway, IV. 379.
Bardt, German town, IV. 379.
Bardylis the Illyrian, XII. 251.
Barebones’s Parliament, V. 337.
Bareilly, in Hindostan, IV. 379.
Bareith, German town, IV. 380.
Barentz (William), his voyage of disco¬
very, XVIII. 217.
Barettier (Philip), IV. 358.
Barfleur, French town, IV. 380.
Barga, Sardinian city, IV. 380.
Bargain, IV. 380.
Barge, IV. 380, 722 ; XX. 217.
Barghmote, or Barmote, IV. 380.
Barham (Dr), XVI. 208.
Bari, IV. 380 ; XV. 700.
Baridius, insect, IX. 174.
Barilla, IV. 380.
Barium, VI. 395.
Bark of trees, IV. 380 ; V. 33 ; XXL 576
—course of sap in, III. 50,51—vessels
of, 52—texture of, 63—structure and
growth of, 83—structure of oak-bark,
85 ; of bark of roots, 87—paper made
from, XVII. 8. See Oak-bark.
 (Peruvian). See Cinchona.
 , in navigation, IV. 380.
Bark-stove, XI. 686, 687.
Barker (Tho.), on salmon-roe as a bait,
III. 142—his work on angling, 149.
Barker’s Mill, XII. 93; XXL 805—its
use strongly recommended, 806.
Barking, in Essex, IV. 380.
Barkway, in Hertfordshire, IV. 380.
Barlaam on sexagesimals, III. 538.
Barl^us (Gaspar), IV. 380.
Barletta, IV. 380 ; XV. 700.
Barley, culture and varieties of, II. 282
—germination and productiveness of,
III. 78—brewing from, V. 231—species
of, ib.—constituents of, 232—table of
properties of different kinds of British,
233—malting of, 234-starch of, VI.
476—its use in distillation, VIII. 44,
51—pearl and French, IV. 380. See
Corn-lawrs.
Barley-corn, a measure, IV. 380.
Barley-water, IV. 380.
Barlocci (Saverio), on the electricity of
the sun’s rays, VIII. 607—on mag¬
netism, XIII. 697—on solar magnet¬
ism, XVI. 422.
Barlow (Francis), painter, IV. 381.
 (Joel), IV. 381.
 (Thomas), bishop, IV. 381.
 (William), bishop, IV. 380.
  (William), mathematician and
divine, IV. 381.
  (Professor), contrivance of, to
counteract the local attraction of the
needle on board of ship, I. 629—his
telescope, IV. 103—his repeating
watch, VI. 795—on magnetism, XIII.
693, 694, 714, 716, 720, 731, 738, 752,
760, 765, 7(2—on the deflection of
rails, XIX. 25—his experiments on
the elasticity and strength of timber,
XXL 303.
Barm, IV. 382.
Barmoor, in Derbyshire, intermitting
spring at, VII. 736.
Barmouth, Welsh town, IV. 382.
Barn, construction of, II. 271.
Barna, port of, IV. 660.
BAR
Barnabas’s (St), Day, IV. 382—Epistle,
ib.—Gospel, ib.
Barnabites, religious order, IV. 382.
Barnacles, IV. 382—Boyce’s story con¬
cerning, V. 160, n. 1.
Barnard Castle, IV. 383; VIII. 291.
Barnes (Joshua), IV. 383.
  (Dr), on the pleasure of con¬
templating distress, VIII. 53.
Barnet, IV. 383—battle of, VIII. 737.
Barneveldt (John d’Olden), IV. 383;
XL 521.
Barnsley, in Yorkshire, IV. 383.
Barnstaple, in Devonshire, IV. 383.
Baro, or Baron (Peter), IV. 383.
Barocci (Frederick), painter, IV. 383.
Baroche. See Broach.
Barodah, V. 586.
Barometer, IV. 384—its construction,
XII. 19—first applied to the measure¬
ment of mountains by Mariotte, I.
542—rule of modern practice stated,
614—height of, in connection with at¬
mospherical refraction, IV. 100—
mountain, 399—portable, 400—me¬
thod of computing the depression of
the mercury in, VI. 119—effect of
aqueous vapour on barometric mea¬
surements, XII. 131—prognostication
of rain by its fall, 132 ; XIV. 721 ;
XVIII. 73—use of the, in measuring
heights, 74 register-barometers,
XVII. 530—marine, XX. 58—effect
of barometric changes on ebullition,
574,
Barometrical Measurements, IV.
396.
 areometer, XII. 24.
Baron, IV. 402.
 (Robert), IV. 403.
Baronet, IV. 403; VI. 612.
Baroni (Leonora), IV. 404.
Baronius (Caesar), IV. 404.
Barony, IV. 404.
Barra, IV. 404.
Barraba, desert of, IV. 404.
Barracan, IV. 404.
Barrack-master-general, III. 618.
Barrackpore, IV. 404.
Barracks, IV. 405.
Barradas, XIV. 793.
Barramahal, IV. 406.
Barrator, or Barretor, IV. 406.
Barratry, IV. 406.
Barraux, French fortress, IV. 406.
Barr ay, island, IV. 406.
Barre (L. F. J. de la), IV. 406.
Barrel, IV. 406—of guns, XL 36; XX
304.
Barren Island Cape, IV. 406.
Barren Island, IV. 407.
Barret (Dr), palimpsest discovered by,
IV. 621—his palimpsest edition of St
Matthew, XVI. 764.
Barreto (Pedro), VI. 43.
Barretry, in law, IV. 407.
Barrett (George), his calculations of an¬
nuities, III. 200.
Barricade, IV. 407.
Barrier, in fortification, IV. 407.
Barrington (John Shute), IV. 407.
 (Daines), IV. 407.
Barringtonese, in botany, V. 110.
Barristers, IV. 408 ; VII. 430.
Barritus, IV. 408.
Barron’s patent lock, XIII. 405.
Barros (John de), IV. 408 5 V. 189.
Barrosa, battle of, V. 529.
Barrow, river, IV. 409—its navigation,
XVI. 22.
  (Dr Isaac), IV. 408—his unjust
depreciation of Ramus, I. 30—charac¬
ter of, as a philosopher and writer, 45
—anecdote relative to his sermons, ib.
—quotations from, on ethics, 46—no¬
tice of his lectures on optics, 514—■
his Scale of Velocities, VIII. 375—
Newton’s obligations to, 377—his dif¬
ferential triangle, XIV. 318.
 (Sir John), his plan for prevent¬
ing dry rot, XX. 274.
 (John) jun., his account of Ice¬
land, XII. 144, 146.
INDEX
19
BAR—BAS
Bakrows, tumuli, IV. 409.
Barry (Alexander), on the electricity of
the air, VIII. 624—on electro-chemi¬
cal decomposition, 632.
 (Girald), IV. 410.
 (James), IV. 410—his character
as a painter, XVI. 726, 727.
   (Dr Martin), on the ovaries,
XVII. 687, 692.
 , in heraldry, IV, 414.
Barsanti (Francisco), IV. 414.
Barsumas, XVI. 104.
Bartas (W. de Salluste du), IV. 415.
Barter, or truck, IV. 415. i
Bartfeld, in Hungary, IV. 415.
Barth, or Bart (John), IV. 415.
Barthelemi (Mons.), V. 479.
Barthelemy (John James), a French
writer, IV. 415; XI. 314.
Barthez (Paul Joseph), IV. 418.
Barthius (Gaspard), IV. 422.
Bartholinus (Gaspard), IV. 422; on
anatomy, II. 698.
 (Thomas), IV. 422 ; XVII. 728
—on the period of human utero-ges-
tation, XIV. 491.
—  (Erasmus), on double refrac¬
tion, XVI. 359, 453.
Bartholomew (St), massacre of, X. 32.
Bartholomew’s (St) Day, IV. 422.
  Hospital, XIII. 513.
Bartholomites, IV. 422.
Bartolocci (Julius), IV. 422.
Bartolomeo (Francisco), IV. 422—his
style of painting, XVI. 713.
 in Saldo, IV. 422.
Barton (Elizabeth), II. 38.
  (Mr), on the population of the
United States, XV. 518.
Barton’s coining-machine, VII. 49.
 lamp, XIII. 43.
Barton-Bridge, aqueduct at. III. 322.
Barton-on-Humber, IV. 422.
Baruch, prophecy of, IV. 422.
Baruth, Syrian town, IV. 423.
Baryta, bird, XVI. 568.
• , a poison, XIV. 502.
Baryte, in mineralogy, XV. 142, 143.
Barytes, VI. 395—salts of, 446—medical
properties of, VII. 451—phosphores¬
cent effects of electricity on barytic
substances, VIII. 633—specific gra¬
vity of, XII. 27.
Baryto-calcite, sp. gr. of, XII. 27.
Barytonum,IV. 423.
Bas (James Philip le), IV. 423.
Basalt, XV. 217, 227—specific gravity
of, XII. 27—in Ireland, 393—in Van
Diemen’s Land, XXI. 554.
Basan, or Bashan, IV. 423.
Basarhely, in Hungary, IV. 423.
Basartschik, Turkish town, IV. 423.
Baschkirs, XXI. 86,
Base, in architecture. III. 465.
Basedow (John Bernard), IV. 423.
Baseggio (G.), on birds, XVI. 551.
Basel, in Switzerland, IV. 425 ; XXI.
49—education in, 50.
Basement, in architecture, III. 453.
Basette, IV. 433.
Bashan, IV. 423.
Basharians, a Mahommedan sect, IV.
‘ 425.
Bashaw, or Pacha, IV. 425.
Bashee Isles, IV. 425.
Basignana, Sardinian city, IV. 425.
Basil, in joinery, IV. 426.
 , a plant, XI. 676.
 the Great, IV. 425.
Basilan, island, IV. 426.
Basildon House, IV. 586.
Basileus, IV. 426.
Basilan Monks, IV. 426.
Basilics, or Basilicae, in architecture,
IV. 426—ancient Christian, III. 419
—Roman, XIX. 431.
  , Greek digest of laws, IV. 426 ;
VI. 717; IX. 474; XIX. 780.
Basilicata, a province of the kingdom
of Naples, IV. 427.
Basilici, IV. 427.
Basilicus, VII. 280.
Basilidians, heretics, IV. 427.
BAS-BAT
Basilippum, in Spain, IV. 427.
Basilisc, reptile, XIX. 145.
 —, piece of ordnance, IV. 427.
Basilius, IV. 427—his code, 426 J VI.
717; IX. 474 ; XIX. 780.
 II., emperor, VII. 282.
Basilovitz (John), XIX. 534.
Basiluzzo, island, XIII. 370.
Basingstoke, in Hampshire, IV. 427—
canal, XVI. 8 ; XX. 847.
Baskerville (John), IV. 427 —his
types, XVIII. 554.
Basket, IV. 428.
Basket-making, IV. 428.
Baskets of Earth, IV. 431.
Basket-salt, IV. 431.
Basman, Persian village, IV. 431.
Basnage (James and Henry), IV. 431.
Bason, IV. 432.
Basra, V. 748—commerce of, XL 387.
Bas-relief, IV. 434.
Bass, in music, IV. 432 ; XV. 624—
double, 613.
Bass Rock, IV. 432 ; XL 104.
Bass’s Straits, New Holland, IV. 432
—discovery of, 205.
Bass-bassoon, XV. 615.
Bass-drum, XV. 617.
Bass-viol, IV. 432.
Bassan (Giacomo de Pont), IV. 432.
Bassani (Giovanni Battista), IV. 432.
Bassano, Lombard city, IV. 433.
Bassantin (James), IV. 433.
Bassassire, VIII. 478.
Basse Terre, IV. 433 ; VI. 631; XI. 12.
Bassein, in the Burman empire, IV. 433
—treaty of, XL 435, 437.
Basset, or Basette, IV. 433.
 (Peter), IV. 434.
Basset-horn, XV. 614.
Basseting, IV. 434.
Bassoon, IV. 434 ; XV. 615.
Bassora V. 748—commerce of, XL 387.
Basso-relievo, IV. 434.
Bassorin, VI. 478.
Bassus, insect, IX. 225.
Bastard, IV. 434.
Bastardy, IV. 436—law of, XVIII.
365, 382, 387.
Bastarn^, IV. 436.
Bastarnic.® Alpes, IV. 436.
Bastia, in Corsica, IV. 436.
Bastile, IV. 436—its destruction, X. 52.
Bastimentos, islands, IV. 437.
Bastinado, IV. 437.
Bastion, IV. 437 ; IX. 769.
Bastogne, IV. 437.
Baston, or Baton, IV. 437.
 (Robert), IV. 437.
Bastwick (Dr John), IV. 437.
Bat, XIV. 98—hybernation of, III. 167
—structure of, XVII. 703—surprising
precision of its acts when deprived of
sight, XX. 524.
 , Bate, or Batz, coin, IV. 437.
Eatable, or debateable ground, IV. 437.
Batacolo, in Ceylon, IV. 437.
Batalha, church of convent of, III. 423.
Batalin, island, IV. 437.
Batang, IV. 438.
Batanists, or Batenites, IV. 440.
Batava, IV. 438.
Batavia, town in Java, IV. 438—arrack
of, III. 627 —trade of, 701—Capt.
Cook’s visit to, VII. 298.
Batavorum Insula, IV. 439 ; XL 509.
 Oppidum, IV. 439.
Bate, (George), IV. 439—Isle, 440.
Bate’s balance, XIV. 456.
Bateman (Dr), on the diseases of Lon¬
don, XV. 521.
Batenites, IV. 440.
Bates (William), D.D., IV. 440.
Bath, in Somerset, IV. 440—in Maine,
XIV. 44. See Baths.
 (Knights of the), IV. 440.
Batheri, IV. 441.
Bathgate, Scotch town, IV. 441.
Bathiergus, in zoology, XIV. 137.
Bathing, IV. 442—promotes health,
XIV. 508. See Baths.
Bath-Kol, IV. 442.
Baths, IV. 441—Roman, III. 444 ; XIX.
BAT—BAX
429 ; XXI. 236—Egyptian, VIII. 528
—warming of, by steam, XX. 607—of
Teflis, XXL 135. See Bathing, Bux¬
ton, Carlsbad, &c.
Bathurst, (Allen, earl of), IV. 448.
 (Ralph), M.D., IV. 448.
 in New Brunswick, XVI. 148.
Bathylus, dancer, IV. 449 ; VII. 614.
Batillus, IV. 449.
Batinda, in Hindostan, IV. 449.
Batiste, IV. 449.
Batmanson (John), IV. 449.
Batnears, or Battles, IV. 449.
Baton, IV. 437.
Batrachia, reptiles, XIX. 150—structure
of, XVII. 714.
Batrachoid reptiles, bones of, III. 13,
et seq.—heart, 39—lungs, 40.
Batrachomyomachia, IV. 451.
Batrachus, fish, XII. 195.
Bats, or Batsch, IV. 451.
Batt®, IV. 451.
Battalah, in Hindostan, IV. 451.
Battalia and Battalion, IV. 451.
Battanea, XVI. 745.
Battanta, island, IV. 451.
Battas, island, IV. 451—inhabitants
of, III. 693; XX. 806—their cannibal¬
ism, III. 249 ; XX. 806—their lan¬
guage, XIII. 82.
Battecolah, Hindoo town, IV. 451.
Battel, IV. 451; VIII. 252.
Batten, IV. 452 ; V. 687.
Batter, in architecture, III. 465.
Battering, IV. 452—ram, ib.
Battery, IV. 453 — electrical, VIII.
649—galvanic, I. 623; XXI. 665—Am¬
pere’s revolving, 685.
Battles, IV. 449.
Battista (Franco), painter, IV. 453.
Battle, IV. 453—trial by, IV. 451 ;
VIII. 252.
  (Naval), XXI. 755—described,
761. See Signals, XX. 331.
 , town in Sussex, IV. 4 53.
Battles, rules concerning, XXI. 742—
Roman, III. 593.
Battle-axe, IV. 455.
Battlements, IV. 455; III. 465.
Batton, IV. 455.
Battone (Pompio), painter, XVI. 716.
Battory, IV. 455.
Battu, island, IV. 455.
Batua, IV. 455.
Baucis, IV. 455.
Baudelot (Charles Caesar), IV. 455.
Baudier (Michael), IV. 455.
Baudin (Capt.), his voyage of discovery
to New Holland, IV. 206.
Baudius (Dominic), IV. 455.
Baudrand (Michael Anthony), IV. 455.
Baudrin, IV. 773.
Bauer on the spleen, II. 727—on the
brain, 737 —on the muscles, 738 ;
XVII. 609—on cerebral globules, 660.
 (J. J.), on rare books, IV. 625.
Bauereae, in botany, V. 113.
Badge, in France, IV. 455.
Bauhin (John and Gaspard), IV. 456.
Bauman Islands, IV. 456.
Baume (Anthony), IV. 456—his mode
of manufactui'ing sal-ammoniac, II.
662—his araeometer, III. 371—on
clays, V. 260.
 , in France, IV. 457.
Baumen, or Bauman, cave, IV. 457.
Baumgartner (M.), on magnetism, XIII.
697—on solar magnetism, XVI. 422.
Bauschius (J. L.), Academy of Natures
Curiosi founded by, II. 68.
Bautzen, battle of, X. 161.
Bavaria, IV. 457—army of, III. 610—
Joseph II.’s plan of exchanging the
Austrian Netherlands for, V. 437—
quicksilver mines in, XV. 258—coins
of, 407, 409—commercial league with
Prussia, XVIII. 686—penal code, 735
—weights and measures, XXI. 852.
Bawtry, in Yorkshire, IV. 463.
Baxter (Andrew), IV. 464—his theory
of dreams, VIII. 188—on the soul, I.
205; XIV. 679—on the immortality
of the soul, 687.
BAX—BEA
Baxter (Richard), IV. 463—Calamy’s
Abridgment and Continuation of his
History of his Life and Times, V. 784.
Baxter (William), IV. 464.
Bay, IV. 464 ; X. 407.
 , in architecture, III. 465.
 tree, XVII. 786—specific gravity
of its wood, XII. 27.
Baya, bird, XVI. 580.
Bayard (Peter du Terrail de), French
knight, IV. 464 ; VI. 605.
Bayazid, or Bajazid, IV. 465.
Baybridge Canal, XVI. 8.
Bayen (Peter), chemist, IV. 465.
Bayes (Rev. Mr), his papers on proba-
bility, XVIII. 592.
Bayeux, IV. 466—tapestry, XXL 823.
Bayla, or Bela, IV. 466.
Bayle (Peter), IV. 466 ; VII. 205—the
first writer who led to the misapplica¬
tion of the term Spinozism, I. 147—
character of his writings, 151 — opi¬
nions of the learned at the time of his
appearance divided between Aristotle
and Descartes, 152—took advantage
of this by keeping aloof from all, and
indulging his scepticism, ib.—probable
reason for the omission of Montaigne
in his Dictionary, ib. — copied the
spirit and tone of the old academic
school, 153—his character by War-
burton, Leibnitz, and Gibbon, ib.—
his critical acumen unrivalled, but his
portraits of persons defective, 154—
causes which contributed to unsettle
his opinions, ib.—early fluctuations
of his religious creed, ib.—his pro¬
pensity to treat of indelicate subjects,
ib.—mischievous tendency of his work,
155—benefits which have resulted to
literature from his labours, ib.—his
leaning to the system of the Mani-
cheans apparent, but not real, ib.—
estimate of his genius and acquire¬
ments, 156—lessons of historical scep¬
ticism to be learned from, ib.—on
anonymous books, IV. 627—his Dic¬
tionary, XV. 500.
Bayly (Lewis), IV. 467.
Bayonet, IV. 467 ; XI. 36.
Bayonne, in France, IV. 467.
Bazaar, IV. 468—bazaars in London,
XIII. 534.
Bazas, in France, IV. 468.
Bazat, or Baza, IV. 468.
Bazeegurs, IV. 468.
Bazgendges, IV. 470.
Bazzano, Italian city, IV. 470.
Bdella, III. 368 ; XI. 226.
Bdellium, sp. gr. of, VI. 492 ; XII. 27.
Beachy-Head, IV. 470 ; XXL 355-6.
Beacon, IV. 470.
Beaconage, IV.470.
Beaconsfield, IV. 470.
Bead, IV. 470—in architecture, III.
442, 465—bead-proof, IV. 470.
Bead-roll, IV. 470.
Beadle, IV. 470.
Beagles, IV. 470 ; XI. 706.
Beak of a ship, IV. 471.
Beaked, in heraldry, IV. 471.
Beale (Mary), IV. 471.
 (Mr), on the sperm-whale, XIV.
184—his aviary, XVI. 587.
Beam, IV. 471.
Beams, strength of, VI. 152; XX. 760,
etseq.—building up of, VI. 164—beams
of a ship, IV. 471; XX. 284, 289.
Beam-compass, IV. 471.
Beaminster, in Dorsetshire, IV. 471.
Beamish (Major), on the military charac¬
ter of the French, III. 601.
Bean, IV. 471—its internal structure,
III. 80—culture of the garden-bean,
XL 669.
Bean-cod, boat, IV. 471.
Bean-flour, IV. 471.
Bean-fly, IV. 471.
Bear, XIV. 105—its structure, XVII.
704—hunting of, in Sweden, XX. 302
—shooting, ib.—order of the, IV. 471.
Bear Island, IV. 471.
Bear’s Island, XIX. 590.
20
INDEX
\
BEA—BEC
Beab’s-skin, IV. 471.
Beaed, IV. 471—women with, 474.
Bearing,in navigation, IV. 474; X. 407
Beabings, in heraldry, IV. 474.
Beast, IV. 474. See Brute.
Beat, IV. 474—of drum, ib.
 (St), French town, IV. 474.
Beateks of metals, IV. 474.
Beatification, IV. 474.
Beating, IV. 474—beating time, 475.
Beatitude, IV. 475.
Beaton (David), IV. 475; XIX. 727,
730, 731—assassination of, III. 121.
  (James), St Mary’s College at St
Andrews founded by, XXI, 509.
Beatoeum Insula, IV. 475.
Beatson (Dr), on the cause of the un¬
fortunate result of Keppel’s engage¬
ment, XXL 141.
Beatson’s windmill-sails, XIV. 435.
Beattie (James), LL.D., IV. 475—on
Locke’s views concerning innate ideas,
L 117 ; XIV. 601—his merits as a
writer, I. 222—on dreams, VIII. 186
—on laughter, XIII. 122—on truth,
XIV. 637, 638—poetry of, XVIII. 173
—on second sight, XX. 70.
Beaucaiee, IV. 478—canal of, XVI. 5.
Beauchamp (Mons.), his survey of the
Black Sea, IV. 658.
Beaufoet, French town, IV. 478.
■   — (Thomas), VIII. 733-4.
Beaufoy (Colonel), XX. 229—his varia¬
tion transit, XIII. 766—on the resist¬
ance of fluids, XIX. 186.
■  (Mr), his attempt to procure
the repeal of the corporation and test
acts, V. 443.
Beaulieu (Sebastian de Pontault de),
IV. 478—his expedition against Al¬
giers, II. 506.
Beault, in Inverness-shire, IV. 478.
Beaumarchais (P. A. C. de), IV. 478.
Beaumaris, in Anglesey, IV. 480.
Beaumont (Barber), V. 647.
 (Sir John), IV. 480.
   (M. de), on the Deluge, VII.
700—on geology, XV. 233.
Beaumont and Fletcher, IV. 480 
their merits as dramatists, VIII. 169.
Baune, in France, IV. 481.
Beaupreau, in France, IV. 481.
Beausobre (Isaac de), IV. 481.
Beautiful, signification of the word, in
Plato’s works, I. 301.
Beauty, IV. 481—elements of, in archi¬
tecture, III. 457-—influence of custom
on pleasure from, VII. 560—effects
of personal, on its possessor’s mind,
VIII. 442—of the human face, XIII.
577. See Deformity, Taste.
Beauvais, in France, IV. 502.
Beaver, XIV. 137—bones of its tail, III.
3—pairing of, 168—instincts of, XII.
297—structure of, XVII. 705.
Beaver-skins, IV. 478; X. 266.
Bebe, a dwarf, VIII. 294.
Bebon, Egyptian deity, VIII. 553.
Bebrycia, IV. 502.
Becah, Jewish coin, IV, 502.
Becalm, IV. 502.
Becanor, town in India, IV. 502.
Beccabunga, IV. 502.
Beccamoschino, bird, XVI. 576.
Beccaria (C. B., marquis of), IV. 502
—discovered gluten in wheat flour,
IV. 297—on clouds, VII. 2—on elec¬
tricity, VIII. 570, 625 ; and its mag¬
netic effects, 637—^measurement of a
degree by, IX. 549, 551—his objection
to the right of property, XVIII. 276 
on punishment, 731.
Becher (John Joachim), IV. 508—on
chemistry, VI. 348.
 , fish, XII. 177.
Bechin, Bohemian town, IV. 508.
Bechterajunze (Henry and Nicholas),
early printers, XVIII. 548.
Beck, IV. 508.
 (David), painter, IV. 508.
■ (Dr), his work on medical juris¬
prudence, XIV. 492.
Becket (Thomas), IV. 509 ; VIII. 716.
BEC—BEE
Beckford, Lord Mayor of London, his
address to George III., V. 392.
   (Mr), on hounds and hunting,
XL 700, et seq., 742.
Beckingham (Charles), IV. 510.
Beckmann (John), professor at Gottin¬
gen, IV, 510—his opinion of jugglers,
XII. 627—on ordeal, XVI. 521.
Beckum, IV. 511.
Bedard (Mons.), on arterial tissue, II.
717—on erectile tissue, 725—on the
spleen, 726—on ligaments, 739—on
the fibro-cartilages, 748—on the skin,
750—on the villi of the ileum, 816—
his classification of animal functions,
XVII: 590.
Becquerel (Mons.), on pyro-electricity,
VIII. 597—on the influence of heat
on the electric fluid in metals, 599—
on electricity produced by pressure,
600; and by combustion, 607—on
magnetism, XIII. 705, 710—his de¬
composing galvanic cell, XXI. 673—
on electro-chemical decomposition,
XXI. 679—his galvanic experiments
on dead bodies, 681—on thermo-elec*
tricity, XXL 696.
Bectasse, Turkish sect, IV. 511.
Bed, IV. 511.
Beda. See Bede.
Bedahs of Ceylon, VI. 303.
Bedchamber, Lords of the, IV. 512.
Beddizolle, in Lombardy, IV. 512.
Beddoes (Thomas), M.D., IV. 512-
Sir Humphry Davy’s connection with,
VII. 637.
Bede (the Venerable), IV. 512—his
learning, XIII. 292.
Bedell (Dr William), bishop of Kil-
more, IV. 516, 619 ; VI. 255.
Bedford, IV. 516.
 Level, VI. 33.
 (Duke of), on peace with France
in 1800, V. 491.
Bedfordshire, IV. 516.
Bedlam Hospital, London, XIII. 515.
Bedloe (William), IV. 517.
Bedminster, V. 292.
Bed-mould, in architecture, III. 465.
Bednore, in Hindostan, IV. 517.
Bedouins, IV. 517-IIL 330, et seq.-of
Palestine, XVI. 748—of Syria, XXL
63. See Arabs.
Bedriacum, ancient Italian village, IV.
517—battle of, XIX. 404.
Bedwin (Great), in Wiltshire, IV. 518.
Bee, IV. 518—Butler’s work on bees, II.
257—apiary. III. 282—bees’-wax, IV.
520 ; XXI. 821—instincts of, XII.
297—construction of combs, 298—its
sting poisonous, XIV. 507—stomachs
of, XVII. 721.
Beech-mast, IV. 536.
Beech-oil, IV, 536.
Beech-tree, XVII. 783.
Beech-timber, XXI. 294—specific gravitv
of, XII. 27. j
Beechey (Captain), his arctic discove¬
ries, XVIII. 222.
Beeder, in Hindostan, IV. 536.
Bee-eater, common, XVI, 592—cowled,
knob-fronted, and poe, 574.
Beef, IV. 537.
Beef-eater, bird, XVI. 582.
Beele, IV. 537.
Beelzebub, IV. 265 ; XVII. 352.
Beema, in Sumbawa, XX. 808.
Beemah, river, IV. 537.
Beer, invented by the Egyptians, V.
230—ancient, ib,—brewing of, ib.—
wherein different from ale, 252—con¬
sumption of in England, VIII. 778-
specific gravity of, XII. 27—Irish trade
in, 406.
 , or Bir, Turkish town, IV. 537.
Beer-machine, Bramah’s, V. 182.
Beer-measure, XXL 850.
Beeralston, in Devonshire, IV. 537.
Beering. See Behring.
Beeroo, African kingdom, IV. 537.
Beeroth, in Judea, IV. 537.
Beer-Regis, in Dorsetshire, IV. 537.
Beersheea, IV. 537, 596.
BEE—BEL
Beestings, IV. 537 ; VII. 127.
Beet, culture of, XI. 670, 672.
Beet-root sugar, X. 184 — Prussian,
XVIII. 692.
Beethoven (Ludwig Von), IV. 537—
education of, XV. 607.
Beetle, IV. 538.
Beetles, IX. 59, 107—their tenacity of
life, III. 163.
Beeves, IV. 538.
Befort, in France, IV. 538.
Bega navigation, XVI. 4.
 (Cornelius), painter, IV. 538.
Begging. See Mendicity, Alms.
Beghards, IV. 539.
Begherme, African country, IV. 539.
Beglerbeg, or Beglierbey, IV. 539.
Begonia, in botany, V. 65.
Begoniacese, in botany, V. 126.
Beguards, IV. 539.
Beguines, IV. 539.
Behaban, Persian town, IV. 539.
Beheading, IV. 539; XIV. 513.
Behemoth, IV. 539.
Behmen. See Boehmen.
Behn (Aphara), IV. 539—her novels,
XIX. 335.
Behrendt, in Prussia, IV. 540.
Behring, voyages of, II. 402.
Behring’s Island, IV. 537 ; II. 404.
Straits, IV. 537—current in,
XVIII. 223.
Beighton (Henry), his valve-gear of
steam-engines, XX. 627.
Beinaschi (Giovanni Battista), IV. 540.
Being, Aristotle’s notion of, HI. 505.
Beira, IV. 609.
Beirout, IV. 291 ; VI. 717.
Beit el Fakih, IV. 540.
Beith, in Renfrewshire, IV. 540.
Beiza, or Beizath, IV. 540,
Beja, Portuguese city, IV. 540.
Bejapour, in Hindostan, IV. 540.
Bekah, Jewish coin, IV. 502.
Bekes, in Hungary, IV. 541.
Bekker (Balthasar), IV. 541—his work
against the doctrine of witchcraft, III.
299 ; XXL 908—persecuted for it by
the clergy, III. 300, n. ; 301, n. 1.
Bel (Matthias), IV. 542.
, or Belus, IV. 542—temple of,
at Babylon, 266.
Bel and the Dragon, IV. 542.
Bela, or Bayla, IV. 466.
Belay, IV. 542.
Belbeis, Egyptian town, IV. 542.
Belemnite, in conchology, IV. 5421
XV. 345.
Belenyes, town in Hungary, IV. 542.
Belerium, IV. 542.
Belesis, IV. 542.
Belezero, Russian town, IV. 543.
Belfast, an Irish town, IV. 543—cotton
manufacture of, VII, 415—Lagan na¬
vigation, XVI. 22.
Belford, town in Durham, IV. 543.
Belfort, or Befort, IV. 538.
Belfour’s rope-machine, XIX. 463, 465,
Belfry, IV. 543.
Belgard, in Pomerania, IV. 543,
Belgica, IV. 543—Gallia, ib.
Belginum, IV. 544.
Belgium, ancient, IV. 544.
 , modern kingdom of, XVI. 106 ;
XL 528—libraries in, XIII. 314—po¬
pulation of, XV. 533—establishment
of its independence, XVI. 137—news¬
papers of, 173—police, XVIII. 256—
prisons, 584—religion, XIX. 315 
weights and measures of, XXI. 852—
map of, XVI. PI. 380—Belgian Bibles,
IV. 617. See Netherlands.
Belgic skull, II. 784.
Belgorod, in Russia, IV. 544.
Belgrade, IV. 544—Prince Eugene’s
victory at, IX. 396—siege of, in 1458
by the Turks, XXL 412—taken by
Solyman the Magnificent, ib.—taken
by the Austrians, 414.
Belgrano (General), IV. 756.
Belhaven (Lord), on agriculture, II. 261.
Belial, IV. 544.
Belidor (B. F. de), IV. 544—on hy-
BEL
draulics, XVIII. 716, 721-his expe¬
riments on the strength of wooden
columns, XX. 772—on water-wheels,
XXL 802, 808.
Belief, IV. 544—sources of, XIV. 636,
et seq. ; XIX. 200, et seq.—of remem¬
bered ideas, XIV. 630.
Believers, IV. 544.
Belin, Bohemian town, IV. 544.
Belio, river, IV. 544.
Belisarius, general, IV. 544 ; VII. 281;
XII. 465.
Bell, IV. 545—Curfew, VII. 550.
Bells, electrical, IV. 547 ; VIII. 577,
592—musical, VI. 141.
Bell-founding, IX. 792—at Glasgow, X.
558.
Bell-metal, VI. 416—cannon of, 87.
Bell (Sir Chas.), his anatomical labours,
II. 704—on the nerves of sensation
and motion, XVII. 676—on voice,
683.
 (Dr), of Manchester, VII. 554-5.
 (Henry), his share in introduc¬
ing steam-navigation, X. 549; XX.
689.
 (Capt. Henry), on Luther’s Col-
loquia Mensalia, II. 677.
  (Patrick), his reaping-machine,
II. 270.
 (Thomas), on the teeth, II. 781.
— (William), on manure, II. 303.
Bell-bird, XVI. 570.
Bell-Rock Lighthouse, XX. 16—-carrier-
pigeons employed at, VI. 177.
Bella (Stephano de la), IV. 547.
Bellac, in France, I V. 547.
Belladonna, poisonous quality of, XIV.
506 ; XVIII. 177.
Bellagio, in Lombardy, IV. 547.
Bellai (William du), IV. 547.
Bellano, in Lombardy, IV. 548.
Bellardi on botany, V. 82.
Bellarmin (Robert), IV. 548.
Bellaspoor, in India, IV. 548.
Belleau (Remi), poet, IV. 548.
Belleforest (Francis de), IV. 540.
Bellegarde, French fortress, IV. 540.
Belle-isle, French island, IV. 548—.
capture of, by the British, V. 386.
 , American island, IV. 548.
Bellenden (John), IV. 548 ; XVII. 95.
Bellerophon, IV. 553.
Belles Lettres, IV. 554—academies
of, II. 76.
Belleville, in Illinois, XII. 248.
Bellevois, painter, IV. 554.
Belley, in France, IV. 554.
Bellingeri (C. F.), on the spinal chord
of animals, III. 30.
Bellini (Gentile), IV. 554; XVI. 717.
 (Laurence), IV. 554 ; II. 699.
Bellon, a disease, IV. 554.
Bellona, IV. 554.
Bellonarii, IV. 554.
Bellori (John Peter), IV. 554.
Belloyaci, IV. 554.
Bellows, IV. 555, 717 ; XVIII. 130—
anchor-smiths’, III. 106—contrivance
to prevent the noise of, 123—glass-
blowers’, IV. 714.
Belluno, in Lombardy, IV. 555,
Belly. See Abdomen.
Beloi, in Russia, IV. 555.
Belomancy, IV, 555.
Belon (Pierre), French traveller, IV,
555—on ichthyology, XII. 151—on
ornithology, XVI. 545.
Belone, fish, XII. 200.
Beloochistan, IV. 555.
Belosersk, in Russia, IV. 559.
Belostoma, insects, IX. 199.
Belper, in Derbyshire, IV. 559.
Belshazzar, IV. 559.
Belt (Great and Little), IV. 559, 324,
 , or girdle, IV. 559—use of belts
in machinery, XIV. 446.
Bel-tein, IV. 559.
Belturbet, Irish town, IV. 559.
Beluga, in zoology, XIV. 180.
Belunum, IV. 560.
Belus, IV. 542—temple of, at Babylon,
266—river, 560.
INDEX,
21
BEL—BEN
Belvedere, IV. 559.
Belvisiaceae, in botany, V. 111.
Belzoni (Mr), XVI. 296—obelisk trans¬
ported from Philae by, VIII. 531-2—
pyramid of Cephrenes explored by,
548, 558—his other Egyptian and Nu¬
bian discoveries, 558-9.
Bembea, or Bamba, IV. 335.
Bembecides, insects, IX. 229.
Bembo (Peter), IV. 560.
Bembook, XX. 94.
Beminster, in Dorsetshire, IV. 471.
Benares, in Hindostan, IV. 560—com¬
merce of, XI. 386.
Benavides, VI. 543.
Benavidius (Marcus Mantua), IV. 561.
Benbecula, island, IV. 561.
Benbow (Admiral), his gallant exploit
and death, V. 368.
Bencaped, IV. 562.
Bench, IV. 561—Free, ib.—King’s, ib.
Benchers, IV. 561.
Bencoolen, IV. 561; XX. 807-8.
Bend, in heraldry, IV. 562 ; XI. 248.
Bender, Russian town, IV. 562.
Bendida, IV. 562.
Bending, IV. 562.
Bends, in a ship, IV. 562.
Bendy, in heraldry, IV. 562.
Bene, Sardinian city, IV. 562.
Benedetti (T. B.), mechanical topics dis¬
cussed by, XIV. 350.
Benedetto, his work on geometrical ana¬
lysis, I. 436.
Benedicite, IV. 562.
Benedict XIV. (Pope), IV. 562.
• (Saint), IV. 562.
 —, abbot of Peterborough in the
twelfth century, IV. 562.
Benedictines, IV. 562.
Benediction, IV. 563.
Benefice, IV. 563.
Beneficiarii, IV. 563.
Beneficiary, IV. 564.
Beneficium, IV. 564.
Benefield (Sebastian), IV. 564.
Benefit of clergy, VI. 739.
Benevente, in Portugal, IV. 564.
Benevento, in Italy, IV. 564.
Beneventum, IV. 564.
Benevolence, sources of, I. 367 ; XX. 82
—inward delight arising from the
practice of, overlooked by Bentham’s
followers, I. 380—deficient in the
Asiatics, III. 693—instinctive, XV.
458 ; XVII. 463.
Benevolent affections, difference be¬
tween them and self-love, I. 344.
Benezet (Anthony), his opposition to the
slave-trade, XX. 384.
Bengal, IV. 564 5 XI. 415, 446—Pre¬
sidency of, 463.
Bengal-lights, XVIII. 757.
Bengalee era, VI. 664.
Bengalees, XI. 395—their language,
XVII. 385.
Benguela, in Africa, IV. 570.
Benham House, IV. 586.
Benhinnom, IV. 571,
Beni, river, XVII. 92.
Beni Arax, Arabian tribe, IV. 571,
Benicarlo, Spanish city, IV. 571.
Beniganim, Spanish town, IV. 571.
' Beni Harb, Arabian tribe, III. 330.
Beni-Hassan, antiquities of, VIII. 544.
Benin, IV. 571. See Niger, XVI. 218.
Benish-days, IV. 572.
Benjamin of Tudela, X. 397.
Bennati (Dr F.), on musical instru¬
ments, XV. 612—on the human voice,
XVII. 684.
Bennet (Henry), earl of Arlington in
the 17th century, IV. 572.
   (Dr Thomas), IV. 572.
■ (Mr), on the flying fish, XII. 201
—on electricity, VIII. 602, 604—his
electrical doubler, 652—his gold-leaf
electrometer, 654 — on the serpent-
eater, XVI. 565—on several other
birds, 587, 603, 619.
Bennett (James), on ship-building,
XX. 242—his Tables of timbers, XXI.
304, 306-8.
BEN—BER
Benowm, African town, IV. 572.
Benserade (Isaac de), IV. 572.
Bensheim, IV. 573.
Benson (Dr), on structure of bones,
XVII. 601.
— (George), IV. 573.
Bentham (General), on Brunei’s block-
machinery, IV. 704 —his improve¬
ments in dock-yards, VIII. 76, 77, 84,
88.
 (Jeremy), on the law of nature,
I. 92-3—on blind veneration for anti-
quity, 95—character of him and his
followers, 377—his Fragment on Go¬
vernment, ib. — his tract upon the
Hard Labour Bill, ib.—his Letters on
Usury, ib.—his writings on Jurispru¬
dence, 378 ; XII. 637, et seq.—has
not reached the most desirable dis¬
tinction in Ethical Theory, I. 379—
preaches the doctrine of utility with
the zeal of a discoverer, ib.—confuses
moral approbation with the moral
qualities, ib.—-his followers have over¬
looked the inward delight which arises
from virtuous conduct, 380 — his
merit as a reformer of Jurisprudence,
384—treats Ethics too juridically, ib.
—coincides with the Epicureans in
some points, ib.—revolution which his
style underwent, 385—Dumont’s lite¬
rary connection with, 386 ; VIII. 265,
266—on the penal code, XII. 639—on
legislation, XIII. 167, 177, 192—on
prisons, XVIII. 574, 586, et seq.—on.
punishment, 731.
 (Thomas), bishop, IV. 573.
Bentheim, in Hanover, IV. 573.
Denticles, XII. 175.
Bentinck (William Henry Cavendish),
Duke of Portland, IV. 573.
Bentivoglio (Guido), IV. 574.
 -, Italian town, IV. 574.
Bentley (Richard), IV. 574 ; XX. 726
—his controversy about the Epistles
of Phalaris, IV. 140—his criticism on
Le Clerc’s edition of Menander, V.
718—his quarrel with Burman, 719—
Cumberland’s work on the Law of
Nature revised by, VII. 539—his cha¬
racter as a scholar and a critic, 546—
his emendations of Horace, ib.—on
Homer’s poems, XI. 542.
Benzoic acid, VI. 429.
 ether, VI. 441.
Benzoin, specific gravity of, XII. 27.
Beranger, poetry of, XVIII. 166.
Berar, in Hindostan, IV. 578.
Berard, his method of manufacturing
alum, II. 577—on heat, XL 193—on
the spectrum, XVI. 419, 421.
BERAtJN, in Bohemia, IV. 578.
Berber, in Nubia, XVI. 294.
Berberideee, in botany, V. 53, 96.
Berbers, an African race, II. 223, 230,
503 ; IV. 364; IX. 376, 377—their
language, XIII. 94.
Berbice, IV. 578.
Berchem (Nicholas), IV. 580.
Berchett (Peter), IV. 581.
Berchtesgaden, in Bavaria, IV. 581.
Berdash, IV. 581.
Berecynthia, IV. 581.
Berend Island, XVI. 263.
Berengarianism, IV. 581.
Berenger (James), his anatomical dis¬
coveries, II. 693, 697.
Berenice, IV. 581; XIX. 405.
 •, Egyptian city, VIII. 560.
Berenice’s Hair, constellation, VII. 135.
Beresford (Marshal), V. 530.
Berewicha, IV. 581.
Berezina, river, Napoleon’s passage of
the, X. 159.
Berezov, Siberian town, IV. 581.
Berezovskoi, IV. 581.
Berg, in Westphalia, IV. 582.
 (St Winox), IV. 582.
Bergamo, in Lombardy, IV. 582.
   (James Philip de), IV. 582.
Bergamot, IV. 582.
Bergara, Spanish city, IV. 582.
Bergen, IV. 582.
BER
Bergen (De), notice of his anatomical
labours, II. 702.
Bergen-op-Zoom, IV. 582—fortifica¬
tions and sieges of, VII. 30.
Bergerac, in France, IV. 582.
  (Cyrano de), his philosophical
romance, II. 179.
Bergheim, IV. 583.
Berghem (Nicholas), IV. 580.
Berghmont, IV. 583.
Bergman (Sir Torbern), IV. 583—on
alum, II. 571—on the blowpipe, IV.
712, 713—on the nature of brutes, V.
615—his chemical labours, VI. 350,
352—on chemical affinity, 356—on
crystallization, VII. 506, 511—on
dyeing blue, VIII. 328.
Bergomum, IV. 583.
Bergoo, African country, IV. 583.
Bergovacs, IV. 586.
Bergylt, fish, XII. 174.
Bergzabern, in Bavaria, IV. 584.
Beria, Berie, or Berry, IV. 584.
Bering (Sinus), Danish poet, IV. 584.
Beris, insect, IX. 264.
Berkeley, (George), bishop of Cloyne,
IV. 584—refutation of a fallacy in his
work on Vision, I. 244—his interview
with Malebranche, 80—character of
his genius, 163—Pope’s veneration
for, ib.—his popularity made meta¬
physics fashionable, 164—chief aim of
his work on Vision, ib.—his doctrine
unknown to the ancients, ib.—merit
of the new theory of vision not exclu¬
sively his own, 165—"did not lay claim
to complete originality, 166—sense in
which he employed the term sugges¬
tion, 167—his object in denying the
existence of matter, 168—value which
he attached to his system of idealism,
and the impression it made, 168, 169
—his theory of Vision contains a
great discovery in mental philosophy,
349—his speculations not sceptical,
ib.—his talents and virtues praised by
all, 350—his attempt to reclaim the
natives of North America, ib.—made
bishop of Cloyne, ib.—his patriotism
with regard to Ireland, ib.—his ge¬
neral principles of Ethics, 351—his
graceful and beautiful diction, ib.;
XXI. 89—his reasonings undoubtedly
produced the scepticism of Hume,’1.
352—notice of his Analyst, 534—his
attack on the calculus, IX. 637—his
philosophy, XII. 296—on the analysis
of infinites, XIV. 323—on abstract
ideas, XIV. 622—on the non-existence
of matter, 649—on the source of mo¬
tion, XV. 576—oh Plato, XVII. 797
—on wealth, XVIII. 273, note 2.
 , in Gloucestershire, IV. 585—
vale of, X. 587—ship-canal, XVI. 13
—murder of Edward II. in the castle
of, VIII. 727.
Berkhamstead (Great), IV. 585.
Berkofdscha, Turkish city, IV. 586.
Berkshire, IV. 586.—breed of pigs, II.
338—Wilts Canal, XVI. 21.
Berlin, IV. 587—Royal Academy of
Sciences at, II. 70—botanical school
of, V. 81—Napoleon’s decree at, X.
144—Royal Library of, XIII. 313-
university of, XVIII. 699.
  — vehicle, IV. 587.
Berme, in fortification, IV. 587.
Bermijo, river, XVII. 63.
Bermudas, IV. 587—spiders’ webs in,
III. 355—Berkeley’s project of a col¬
lege in, IV. 584.
Bermudez (John), Portuguese physician,
his travels in Abyssinia, II. 52.
 (General), VII. 102.
Bernadotte, V. 536 ; X. 101, et seq.—
his accession to the crown of Sweden,
XXI. 29.
Bernard (Saint), IV. 588 — crusade
preached by, VII. 485.
  (Dr Edw’ard), IV. 589 — his
translation of part of a treatise of
Apollonius, III. 288.
 (James), IV. 589.
BER
Bernard (the Great St), mountain in
Switzerland, IV. 589.
Bernard’s Inn, London, XII. 282.
Bernardin (Genga), on anatomy, II. 703.
Bernardine (St), IV. 589.
Bernardines, monks, IV. 589.
Bernay, in France, IV. 589.
Bernburg, IV.589.
Berncastel, IV. 590.
Berne, in Switzerland, IV. 590—coins
of, XV. 407, 409.
Berne-machine, IV. 590.
Bernera, Berneray, or Barnera, an
island in Lewis, IV. 590.
Bernesque poetry, XVIII. 160.
Bernicle, bird, XVI. 636.
Bernier (Francis), French traveller,
IV. 590—his writings, I. 108.
 (Nicholas), musician, IV. 590.
Bernier’s Island, IV. 590.
Bernieres (Monsieur), his large burning-
lens, V. 738.
Bernini (John L.), IV. 590—his style
of architecture, III. 427—his sculp¬
ture, XX. 8.
Bernouilli (Daniel), IV. 594—on hy¬
drodynamics, I. 607 ; XII. 3, 4, 76—
sketch of his life and character, I.
607—singularly happy in his sober
application of analysis, 608—clearly
established the true theory of the vi¬
brations of a musical chord, 612—on
the gradation of atmospheric density,
IV. 398—on the resolution of forces,
VIII. 358—his dipping needle, XIII.
768—on mechanics, XIV. 353—on
probability, XVIII. 592—on the re¬
sistance of fluids, XIX. 176—his pro¬
posed steam-navigation, XX. 687.
 (James), IV. 591—an able co¬
adjutor of Leibnitz in illustrating the
new analysis, I. 520—explained some
of the most difficult problems of the
infinitesimal analysis, 529—works of,
530—his original mode of treating
the problem of the centre of oscilla¬
tion, 603—sketch of his life and cha¬
racter, ib. — his formulae for the
chords of multiple arcs, II. 493—
his contributions to mathematics,
XIV. 319—his dispute with his bro¬
ther, 320—on probability, XVIII.
592—his problem of the elastic curve,
XX. 762—on the calculus of varia¬
tions, XXL 557.
 (James), the younger, IV. 595.
 (John), IV. 592—an able coad¬
jutor of Leibnitz in illustrating the
new analysis, I. 520—judgment pro¬
nounced by him on the controversy
between Newton and Leibnitz, 522—
solution of problems by, 524—by the
introduction of exponential equations
materially improved a branch of the
calculus, 529—works of, 530—was the
first who fully enunciated the proposi¬
tion of the equality of the opposite
momenta, 535—his prize-essay on the
laws of the communication of mo¬
tion, 537—simplified the science of
equilibrium or statics by his prin¬
ciple of virtual velocities, 603—his
principle styled the conservation of
living forces, ib.—sketch of his life
and character, ib.—quotation from his
defence of Leibnitz’s law of conti¬
nuity, 133—had a conviction of this
law previously to communicating with
Leibnitz upon the subject, 258—his
formula for the chords of multiple
arcs, II. 493—his barometer, IV.
391—on the inverse problem of cen¬
tripetal bodies, VIII. 386 — Kiell’s
challenge to, IX. 636—his contribu¬
tions to mathematics, XIV. 320, et
seq.—on projectiles, XVIII. 115, 649
—on measures of force, 780—on the
calculus of variations, XXI. 557.
 (John), secundus, IV. 595.
 (John), tertius, IV. 595.
 (Nicholas), IV. 593.
 (Nicholas), secundus, IV. 595.
Bernstorff, ministry of, VII. 723.
22
INDEX
BER—BET
Berog, zoophyte, XXL 1018.
Bercea, IV. 596.
Berola (Nuova),in Lombardy, IV. 596,
Beroot. See Bairout.
Berooze, in Hungary, IV. 596.
Berosus, IV. 596—dial of, VII. 756.
Berre, French town, IV. 596.
Berretini da Crotona (Pietro), an
Italian painter, IV. 596.
Berretoni (Nicolo), IV. 596.
Berriman (Dr William), IV. 596.
Berrollas?s keyless watch, VI. 800.
Berry, canal of, XVI. 6.
 , in botany, V. i 9.
Bersabe, IV. 596.
Bersarii, IV. 596.
Berthierite, VI. 459.
Berthollet (Claude Lewis), introducer
of oxymuriatic acid in bleaching, I.
473; IV. 679, 680—on the composi¬
tion of the atmosphere, 134—on che¬
mical affinity, VI. 356—on dyeing,
'VIII. 297—his connection with La¬
place, XIII. 101—on animal magnet¬
ism, XIV. 13—his machine for chang¬
ing motion, 448.
Bertholon (Abbe), on medical electricity,
VIII. 640.
Berthoud (Ferdinand), IV. 596.
Bertinoro, Italian city, IV. 597.
Bertrand on spherical trigonometry,
XXL 378.
Berwick (Duke of), IV. 597.
■   upon Tweed, IV. 599—native
quicksilver found at, XV. 257, n.
 (North), IV. 599.
Berwickshire, IV. 597—fisheries of,
IX. 602.
Beryl, IV. 599 ; XV. 156; specific
gravity of, XII. 27.
Berytus. See Bairout.
Beryx, fish, XII. 170.
Berzelius, Swedish chemist, VI. 353,
354—his analysis of sugar, V. 247.
Besa, Egyptian deity, VIII. 554.
Besaile, in law, IV. 600.
Besanqon, in France, IV. 600.
Besant, or Bezant, a coin, IV. 600.
Bcsant’s water-wheels, XII. 93.
Besiiesk, in Russia, IV. 600.
Besingheim, in Wirtemberg, IV. 600.
Besistan, IV. 600.
Be-Sitoon, sculptures on, XVII. 257.
Besoul, or Vesoul, IV. 600.
Besozzi (Ambrogio), painter, IV. 600.
Bessarabia, XIX. 570.
Bessarion, archbishop of Nice, IV. 601.
Bessel on the motions of the fixed stars,
IV. 44—on the pendulum, XVII. 203
—on the celestial arc, XXI. 358.
Bessica, in ancient Thrace, IV. 601.
Bessus, XVII. 260—Darius killed by,
XIII. 632—his death, 634.
Bestail, or Bestial, IV. 601.
Bestiarii, IV. 601.
Beszprim, in Hungary, IV. 601.
Betancourt (M.), his machine for chang¬
ing motion, XIV. 449—his experi¬
ments on the force of steam, XX. 578.
Betanzos, Spanish city, IV. 601.
Betel, IV. 601.
Betelfagui, Arabian town, IV. 602.
Betel-Nut Island, XVIII. 534.
Bethabara, IV. 602.
Bethagla, or Beth-hagla, IV. 602.
Bethany, IV. 602.
Beth aramphtha, IV. 602.
Betharan, IV. 602.
Bethaven, IV. 602.
Bethel, IV. 603.
Betheisdorp, X. 613.
Bethesda, IV. 603.
Bethlehem, IV. 603; XVI. 741.
  Hospital, London, XIII. 515.
Bethlehemites, or Bethlemites, a kind
of monks, IV. 603.
Bethoron (Upper and Nether), IV. 603.
Beth-peor, IV. 603.
Bethphage, IV. 603.
Betusaida, IV. 603; XVI. 744.
Bethsan, or Bethsean, IV. 603.
Bethune, Duke of Sully. See Sully.
■ , in France, IV. 603.
BET—BIB
Bethylus, insect, IX. 227.
 , bird, XVI. 568.
Betis, governor of Gaza, IV. 603.
Betjuanas, V. 21.
Betlis, Armenian town, IV. 603.
Betrothment, IV. 603.
Betterton (Thomas), IV. 603.
Bettiah, in Hindostan, IV. 604.
Bettinelli (Xavier), IV. 604.
Bettooriah, in Bengal, IV. 606.
Betuleius (Sixtus), IV. 606.
Betulineae, in botany, V. 131.
Betwah, river, IV. 606.
Beutelspach, in Wirtemberg, IV. 606.
Beuthen, in Silesia, IV. 606.
Beuzert, IV. 655.
Bevan (B.), on the adhesion of nails to
wood, XIV. 458.
 (R-), on the modulus of torsion
in woods and metals, XIV. 403.
Bevel, IV. 606—bevel-angle, ib.
Beveland (North and South), IV. 606.
Bevelling, in ship-building, IV. 606;
XX. 275, 280, et seq.
Beverage, IV. 607.
Beveridge (William), IV. 607.
Beverland (Hadrian), IV. 607.
Beverley, in Yorkshire, IV. 607 —
minster of, III. 455, 456, 457, 474.
 , in Massachusetts, XIV. 305.
 (John of), IV. 607.
Beverungen, German town, IV. 607.
Bevile, in heraldry, IV. 607.
Bevin (Elway), musician, IV. 607.
Bewan, XX. 478.
Bewdley, in Worcestershire, IV. 607.
Bewick (John), his wood-engravings,
XXL 917.
 (Thomas), on British birds, XVI.
553, 638—his wood-engravings, XXI.
917.
Bewits, in falconry, IV. 607.
Bey, IV. 607.
Beyah, river, IV. 607.
Beyer on rare books, IV. 625.
Beyhar, town in Bengal, IV. 607.
Beykaneer, IV. 607, 450.
Beyra, or Beira, IV. 609.
Beyramich, IV. 607.
Beys (Giles), printer, IV. 609.
Beza (Theodore), IV. 609.
Bezant, or Besant, a coin, IV. 600.
Bezoar, IV. 610—sp. gr. of, XII. 27.
Bezoardic, IV. 610.
Bezout (Stephen), notice of his life and
writings, I. 596.
Bezijtius, or Besozzi (Ambrogio), an
Italian painter, IV. 600.
Bhadrinath, IV. 610.
Bhagmutty, river, IV. 610.
Bhascara, Hindoo algebraist, II. 425.
Bhatgang, or Bhatgong, IV. 610.
Bhattia, IV. 610.
Bhatts, XL 31, 397.
Bheels, IV. 610 ; XL 32, 397, 439.
Bhilwara, XVI. 676.
Bhooj, VII. 563.
Bhurtpore, town in Hindostan, IV.
610—sieges of, XL 436, 440.
Bia, IV. 611.
Bi,®um, IV. 611.
Biafora, IV. 611.
Biafra, African country, IV. 611.
Biala, a Polish town, IV. 611.
Bialystock, Russian city, IV. 611.
Bianchi (Francesco), IV. 611.
Bianchini (Francis), IV. 611—on the
planet Venus, 27.
Bianconi (Mr), XXI. 315.
Biar, Spanish town, IV. 611.
Biarchus, IV. 612.
Bias, Greek sage, IV. 612.
Bibars, sultan, XVI. 758.
Bibbiena, Italian comic writer, VIII.
158,
Biberach, in Wirtemberg, IV. 612.
Bibiena (Ferdinand Galli), IV. 612.
Bibio, insect, IX. 264.
Bible, IV. 612 ; XIX. 780—Alexan¬
drian MS., II. 414—variations in the
copies of Moses’ writings as to ante¬
diluvian chronology. III. 245—Apo¬
crypha, 285; IV. 613; XII. 561;
BIB—BIC
XIX. 785—first printed edition of the,
IV. 624 ; XVIII. 547—Bowyer’s Greek
Testament, V. 157—R. Boyle’s exer¬
tions for translation and diffusion of,
167—its sufficiency as a guide to sal¬
vation maintained by the dissenters
in 1772, 395—concordances of the,
785 ; VII. 196—the canon, VI. 90 ;
VIII. 394—is the standard of faith,
VI. 621—its inspiration and authen¬
ticity, ib.; XII. 295—chronological
discrepance of the Hebrew, Samari¬
tan, and Greek texts, VI. 656; VII.
455—Clermont MS. of Paul’s epistles,
VI. 743—deutero-canonical books,
VII. 742—Sir Wm. Drummond on
the historical books of Old Testament,
VIII. 215—its perusal first permit¬
ted and afterwards prohibited by
Henry VIII., 751—opinions of the
Ebionites concerning the canon, 394—
Erasmus’s edition of the New Testa¬
ment, IX. 357—Galileo on science and
Scripture, X. 291, n. 2—Geddes’s trans¬
lation of the, 375—Grotius’s notes on
the, XL 6—Hebrew language of the,
200—Origen’s Hexapla, 289—inter¬
pretation of the, XII. 331—Lejay’s
Polyglott, 533—the Septuagint, 569 ;
IV. 613; XX. 103 — Kennicott’s
Hebrew Bible, XII. 692—various read¬
ings in the Hebrew Bible, 692, 701
—Luther’s translation of New Tes¬
tament, XIII. 599 ; and of Bible, 601
—how regarded by the Mahomme-
dans, XIV. 33—manner in which
the Hebrew books were originally
written, 301—scarce in Norway, XVI.
273—Pagninus’s translation of, 692—
palimpsest MSS. of, 763—style of New
Testament, XVII. 407, 408—Gothic
translation of New Testament, 418—
poetical books of, XVIII. 146—Popish
opinions respecting, 407 —early English
editions, 553—incorrect English edi¬
tions, 558—Italian translation, pub¬
lished by order of Sixtus V., XX. 372
—study of the, XXI. 203—Walton’s
Polyglott, 731—Wetstein on the vari¬
ous readings of New Testament, 865
—New Testament divided into verses
by R. Stephens, XX. 720—Tynedale’s
translation of New Testament, XXL
434—ancient Valdensian version of
New Testament, 544—Valdo’s exer¬
tions to translate and circulate the,
545—Wycliffe’s translation of the,
951—extract from that version, IX.
40. See Septuagint, Targum, Theo¬
logy.
Bible Societies, IV. 619—in Dublin,
VIII. 245—in Russia, XIX. 581.
Bibliander (Theodore), IV. 620.
Bibliography, IV. 620—booksellers’
marks, 791—form of ancient books,
VIII. 37—Dryander’s Catalogue of Sir
Joseph Banks’s Library of Natural
History, 221; IV. 630 —Gesner’s Bib-
liotheque Universelle, X. 491—illumi¬
nation of books, XII. 249—new bib¬
liographical system of classification,
XIII. 316. See Books, Libraries.
Bibliomancy, IV. 633.
Bibliomania, IV. 630.
Bibliotheca, IV. 633.
Bibliothcque Universelle, X. 491.
Biblis, insect, IX. 242.
Biblists, IV. 633.
Bicanere, IV. 607.
Bicarburet of hydrogen, VI. 371.
Biccarino. Neapolitan city, IV. 633.
Bice, or Bise, IV. 633.
Bicester, or Bisseter, IV. 633.
Bichat (M. F. X.), IV. 633—his ana¬
tomical works, II. 704, 828—on fat,
716—on the arteries, 718—on the
veins, 720, et seq.—on the capillary
system, 723—on the exhalants, 727,
728—on the lymphatics, 730—on liga¬
ments, 739—on cartilage, 748—on
fibro-cartilage, ib.—on mucous mem¬
brane, 752—his classification of the
animal functions, XVII. 590—on the
BIC—BIN
membranes, 598—on the fibrous sys¬
tem, 603—on physiology, 7 29.
Bichuanas, V. 21.
Biclinium, IV. 635.
Bicuspid teeth, in man, II. 78 0.
Bidal, IV. 635.
Biddenden, town in Kent, IV. 635.
Bidding, IV. 635.
Bidding Prayer, IV. 635.
Biddle (John), IV. 635.
Biddoomahs, IV. 636.
Bideford, or Biddeford, IV. 636.
Bidens, bird, XVI. 565.
Bidental, IV. 636.
Bidentales, IV. 636.
Bidentes, IV. 636.
Bidet, IV. 636.
Bidloo (Godfrey), IV. 636—his works
on anatomy, II. 701.
Bidone on hydrodynamics, XII. 7.
Bidschow, in Bohemia, IV. 636.
Biedencopf, IV. 636.
Biela’s comet, IV. 38.
Bielfeld, in Westphalia, IV. 636.
Bielitz, IV. 636.
Biella, IV. 636.
Bier, IV. 637.
Bifrons, IV. 637.
Biga, ancient chariot, IV. 637.
Bigamy, IV. 637.
Bigan, in France, IV. 638.
Biggar, in Lanarkshire, IV. 638.
Biggleswade, in Bedfordshire, IV. 638
Bighorn river, IV. 638.
Bight, IV. 638.
Bignon (Jerome), IV. 638.
Bigoniacese, in botany, V. 121.
Bigot, IV. 638.
Bihar, intermittent spring at, XVII. 529.
Bija Ganita, Hindoo algebraist, treatise
of, II. 425, 426.
Bijanagur, Hindoo city, IV. 638.
Bilbilis, V. 785.
Bilboa, in Spain, IV. 638—sieges of, in
1835 and 1836, XX. 512, 513.
Bilboes, IV. 639.
Bildulgerid, or Bled-el-Jereede, African
territory, IV. 361, 692.
Bile, XVII. 655—composition and pro¬
perties of, VI. 496 ; XVII. 631—of in¬
sects, IX. 86.
Bilfinger (George Bernard), IV. 639.
Bilge of a ship, IV. 640.
Bilingcis, IV. 640.
Bilious, IV. 640.
Bill, IV. 640—of Entry—of Lading—
of Mortality—in Parliament, ib.
 (Mr), his plan for preventing dry
rot, XX. 274.
Bills of Exchange, IV. 640, 780 ; VII.
458; IX. 436 ; XV. 392—fictitious,
IX. 438—negotiation of, 453—history
and advantages of, 454—laws and cus¬
toms respecting, 456—wherein diffe¬
rent from bank-notes, XVII. 20.
Bill-book, in book-keeping, IV. 780.
Billach, IV. 642.
Billerecay, town in Essex, IV. 642.
Billet, in heraldry, IV. 642; XI. 251.
Billeting, IV. 642. •
Billeton, island, IV. 642.
Billiards, IV. 642.
Billingen, IV. 643.
Billings (Capt.), his voyage of discovery,
II. 403.
Billon, IV. 643.
Billy (slubbing), XXL 932.
Bilma, African town, IV. 643.
Bilsah, town in Hindostan, IV. 643.
Bilshofen, in Bavaria, IV. 643.
Bilson (Thomas), bishop, IV. 643.
Bilston, in Staffordshire, IV. 643.
Bimlipatam, IV. 643.
Binacle, IV. 643.
Binary, arithmetic, IV. 643—measure,
644—number, ib.
Binchester, Roman station at, VIII. 291,
Binder’s cutting-press, XVIII. 528.
Bing, IV. 644.
Bingazi See Cyrenaica.
Bingen, IV. 644.
Bingham (Joseph), IV. 644.
 , in Nottinghamshire, IV. 644.
INDEX
23
BIN—BIS
Bingley, in Yorkshire, IY. 644.
 (Mr), on the ox, XIY, 166.
Binn, IY, 644.
Binomial, IV. 644.
Bintang, island, IV. 644.
Biohio, river, VI. 523.
Biography, IV. 644 ; V. 28.
Biology, II. 685.
Bion, IV. 644.
Biot (Mens.), on the transmission of
sound, II. Ill, 113—his aerial ascent
with Gay-Lussac, 192—charge by him
against Galileo, IV. 385, n. 2—on ba¬
rometrical measurements, 399,—on
chromatics, VI. 641, et seq.—on elec¬
tricity, VIII. 573, 589, 617—on elec¬
trical light, 584-5 —on magnetism,
XIII. 691, 708, 709, 758—on optics,
XVI. 366, 479, 501, 504—on polari¬
zation of light, XVIII. 243—his for¬
mula representing the law of the
relation between the temperature
and elasticity of steam, XX. 594—on
electro-chemical decomposition, XXI.
678.
Biothanati, IV. 644.
Biothanatos, IV. 644.
Biouac, IV. 644.
Bipapilaria, mollusca, XV. 370.
Bipartiti, insects, IX. 119.
Bipes, reptile, XIX. 150.
Biquadrate, or Biquadratic, IV. 644.
Biquadratic Equation—Parabola—
Power—Root, IV. 644-5.
Bir, IV. 537.
Birbeck (Mr), on cross breeds of sheep,
II. 336—on the state of the agricul¬
turists in France, VII. 392.
— (Dr), how far the originator of
Mechanics’ Institutions, XIV. 460.
Birbhoom, in Hindostan, IV. 645.
Birch (Dr Thomas), IV. 645—his col¬
lection of works on human mortality,
XV. 515.
Birch-bark used as a dye-stuff, VIII. 332.
Birch-trees, XVII. 784, 790.
Bird (William), IV. 646.
 (Dr Golding), his decomposing
galvanic battery, XXI. 673—on mag¬
neto-electricity, 693.
Bird’s optical instruments, III. 748.
Birds, considered as food, IX. 723—
some poisonous, XIV. 507—in herald¬
ry, IV. 646. See Ornithology.
Bird’s-eye view, XVII. 286.
Bird-lime, IV. 646.
Birds’ nests, edible, IV. 646.
Eire, or Vire, IV. 646.
Birkenhead (Sir John), IV. 646.
Birket-el-Keroun, VIII. 550.
Birmans. See Burmans. '
Birmingham, IV. 647—Soho, near, V.
148—riots at, in 1791, 460—roof of
the theatre of, VI. 169—Deaf and
Dumb Asylum, VII. 657—hardware
manufactures, VIII. 775—canals pro¬
ceeding from, XVI. 821—railway to
London, XIX. 23, et seq.
Birnbaum, IV. 650.
Biron (A. de G., Lord of), IV. 650.
Birota, or Birotum, IV. 651.
Birr, Irish town, IV. 651.
Birrus, IV. 651.
Birth, pride of, XVIII. 530—primogeni¬
ture, 533.
Births, their number dependent on the
number of deaths, XVIII. 417—regis¬
tration of, XIX. 98.
Birtley, salt springs at, VIII. 290.
Bisaccia, Neapolitan city, IV. 651.
Bisacuta, IV. 651.
Biscara, town of Algiers, IV. 651.
Biscatchos of Buenos Ayres, V. 641.
Biscay, IV. 651. See Cantabria. Lan¬
guage of, XIII. 88.
Bisceglia, Neapolitan city, IV. 651.
Bischarries, IX. 377.
Bischofsheim, IV. 651.
Bischop (John de), IV. 651.
Biscuit, IV. 651.
Bishops, IV. 651; XI. 489, et seg.—whe¬
ther identical with presbyters, XVIII.
523—English, VIII. 788; XIII. 213;
d
BIS—BLA
their right to sit in parliament, IX.
12. See Episcopacy.
Bishops-Auckland, a town in Durham,
IV. 189 ; VIII. 291.
Bishops’ Bible, IV. 618.
Bishop’s Court, IV. 652.
 Castle, a market-town in Shrop¬
shire, IV. 652.
  Stortford, a market-town in
Hertfordshire, IV. 652.
 (Waltham), a market-town in
Hampshire, IV. 653.
 (Wearmouth), in the county of
Durham, IV. 653.
Bishoping, IV. 653.
Bisignano, Neapolitan city, IV. 653.
Bisley, in Gloucestershire, IV. 653.
Bismark (Count), on the military cha¬
racter of the French, III. 601.
Bismillah, IV. 653.
Bismuth, IV. 653 ; VI. 416—native,
XV. 164—salts of oxide of, VI. 451—
specific gravity of, XII. 27—its mag¬
netism, XIII. 709—poisonous quality
of its suhnitrate, XIV. 502—cohesion
of, XX. 757.
Bismuth-glance and ochre, XV. 169.
Bisnagar. See Bijanagur.
Bisomum, IV. 653.
Bison, XIV. 166—of the United States,
XXL 456.
Bissagos, African islands, IV. 653.
Bissat (Peter), IV. 654.
Bissextile year, IV. 654 ; VI. 5.
Bissolee, in Hindostan, IV. 654.
Bistoury, surgical instrument, IV. 654.
Bistre, IV. 654.
Bisulphocarbonate, VI. 457.
Bisulphocyanodides, VI. 456.
Bisulphuret of hydrogen, VI. 376—of
carbon, 377.
Bisztritz, in Hungary, IV. 654.
Bithynia, IV. 654.
Bithynus, insect, IX. 187.
Bitoma, insect, IX. 176.
Biton, VI. 737.
Bitonto, Neapolitan city, IV. 654.
Bits, in ship-building, XX. 284.
Bittacus, insect, IX. 212.
Bitter, IV. 654.
Bitterfeld, in Saxony, IV. 654.
Bittern, XVI. 619.
Bitumen, IV. 654 ; VI. 443—specific
gravity of, XII. 27—Persian, XVII.
243—wells of, in Syria, XXI. 60, 61.
Bituminous shale, II. 574.
Biumbres, IV. 654.
Bivalves, IV. 654.
Bivalvia, mollusca, XV. 366.
Bivouac, IV. 644.
Bixinese, in botany, V. 97.
Bizarre, IV. 654.
Bizerta, or Beuzert, IV. 655.
B’hamo, fair of, IV. 244.
Blaardingen, IV. 655.
Black, colour, IV. 658—in crayon-paint¬
ing, VII. 453—dyeing of, VIII. 342—
varieties of, XV. 126, 128.
 (Dr Joseph), IV. 655—his dis¬
covery of latent heat, I. 644 ; XI. 189,
191, et seq.—almost the inventor of
the balloon, II. 181—his chemical la¬
bours, VI. 349—his portable furnace,
X. 273—his balance, XIV. 456.
Black-books, IV. 658.
Black-death in the fourteenth century,
XXL 949.
Blackbird, XVI. 571.
Black-cap, bird, XVI. 576.
Black-cock, XVI. 611—shooting, XX.
316.
Black Forest, in Suabia, IV. 658.
Blackfriars, IV. 658.
 Bridge, London, III. 387 ; V.
271; XIII. 511—centre employed for,
VI. 287, 290.
Black-lead, IV. 658. See Plumbago.
Black-Mail, IV. 658.
Black-Monks, IV. 658.
Black Sea, IV. 658; IX. 408, 424.
Black-Tin, IV. 663.
Black-Wad, IV. 663.
Black-Whytlof, IV. 663.
BLA
Black-Work, IV. 663.
Blackall (Offspring), IV. 663.
Blackburn, in Lancashire, IV. 663.
Blacking, IV. 663.
Blacklock (Thomas), IV. 663, 695.
Blackmore (Sir Bichard), IV. 665.
Blackness, IV. 665.
Blackstone (Sir William), IV. 665—
on duelling, VIII. 254—on law, XIII.
128—on punishment, 132, 170—on
nobility, XVI. 235—on toleration, 241
—on royal prerogative, XVIII. 518.
Blackwall (Anthony), IV. 666.
  (Mr), his observations on the
habits of spiders, III. 356.
Blackwater, river in Cork, VII. 329 ;
XXL 810—its navigation, XVI. 22.
 —, river in Galway, X. 303.
   and Chelmer navigation, XVI.
11.
Blackwell (Thomas), IV. 667 — his
eulogium of Bishop Berkeley, 585.
  (Alexander), IV. 667.
Bladder (urinary), anatomy of the, II.
823—latent calculi in the, XVII. 479
—its diseases in the domestic animals,
XXI. 628—stone in the ; see Calculus,
Lithotomy.
 (swimming) of fishes, XII. 153,
161.
Bladder-nut tree, XVII. 787.
Blade, IV. 667.
Bladen (Martin), IV. 667.
Bladum, IV. 668.
Blaes, the valves of the lacteals disco¬
vered by, II. 699.
Blaeu (William), printer, IV. 668.
Blagden (Dr), on aurora borealis, IV.
198—on fire-balls in the air, IX. 587
—on the restoration of decayed inks,
XII. 278.
Blagrave (John), IV. 668.
Blain, IV. 668 ; XXL 622.
Blainville#fMonsieur), his classification
of animals, III. 170, 177—on the class
Infusoria, 182.
Blair (Dr Hugh), IV. 668—on Addi¬
son’s statement regarding the second¬
ary qualities of bodies, I. 272—on
beauty, IV. 487—on the works of
Ossian, XVI. 660.
 (James), IV. 671.
 (John), IV. 671.
  (Robert), IV. 671—poetry of,
XVIII. 172.
 (Dr Robert), his achromatic te¬
lescope, II. 105 ; XVI. 363—his mode
of correcting spherical aberration, 398
—on the spectrum, 411—his aplanatic
telescopes, XVI. 413—his improve¬
ments on the glasses of telescopes, I.
635; XXL 161.
Blair-Athole, in Perthshire, IV. 672.
Blair-Drummond Moss, near Stirling,
clearing of, II. 314.
Blaise, IV. 672.
Blake (Robert), English admiral, IV.
672 ; XL 523.
 (Mr), on exchange, IX. 443.
Blanc (Mont), IV. 674—ascents of, II.
562—Saussure’s observations on the
height of, IV. 401.
Blancards, IV. 674.
Blanchard, aeronaut, II. 188, 189—the
first constructer of parachutes, 190.
 (James), painter, IV. 674.
Blanche-Ferme, IV. 674.
Blanch-holding, in law, IV. 674.
Blanching, IV. 674 — of vegetables,
XIII. 340.
Blanco, African cape, IV. 674.
Blandford, in Dorsetshire, IV. 674.
Blane (Sir Gilbert), on citric acid as a
remedy for the scurvy, XVI. 53.
Blanes, Spanish city, IV. 674.
Blank, IV. 674—Verse, ib.
Blankenburg, in Brunswick, IV. 674.
Blanket, IV. 674—tossing in a, ib.
Blankof (John Teunisz), IV. 674.
Blaps, insect, IX. 164.
Blapsides, insects, IX. 164.
Blase, bishop of Sebasta, IV. 674.
Blasphemy, IV. 674.
BLA—BLO
Blast, IV. 675.
Blast-furnaces, VI. 88; X. 271; XII.
432—hot blast, 439 ; XX. 406.
Blasting, IV. 675 ; XV. 278—mode of
boring in Germany, V. 6.
Blatta, insect, IX. 190.
Blaubeuern, in Wirtemberg, IV. 678.
Blauquillo, VI. 523.
Blavet, canal of, XVI. 6.
Blaye, in France, IV. 678.
Blazoning, or Blazonry, IV. 678.
Bleachers, diseases of, XIV. 510.
Bleaching, IV. 678—Berthollet’s pro¬
cess of bleaching with oxymuriatic
acid, I. 473—introduction of that pro¬
cess into Britain by Mr Watt, XXI.
818—bleaching of paper, XVII. 13,
14—bleaching-powder, IV. 682, 684.
Bleak, fish, XII. 199.
 , angling for, III. 147.
Bled-el-Jereede, or Bildulgerid, an
African territory, IV. 692, 361.
Bleeding. See Blood-letting.
 of A corpse, IV. 693.
Blekede, in Hanover, IV. 693.
Blemmyes, IV. 693; IX. 377.
Blench, or Blanch. See Blanch.
Blende, a mineral, IV. 693; XV. 170
—specific gravity of, XII. 27.
Blenheim, village in Bavaria, IV. 693
—battle of, V. 369; IV. 457.
 House, IV. 693 ; X. 327.
Blenny, or Blennius, fish, XII. 192.
Blepharis, fish, XII. 186.
Bletchingley, in Surrey, IV. 693.
Bletonism, IV. 693.
Bleuland on the villi of the ileum, II.
816.
Bligh (Capt.), long abstinence of his crew
from food, III. 167—his voyages for
transplanting the bread-fruit plant,
V. 212—his administration in New
South Wales, XXI. 713.
Blind, IV. 693—basket-making by the,
429—asylums for the, in Dublin, VIII.
243; and Edinburgh, 426. See Black-
lock, Blindness.
Blind-coal, IV. 702. See Anthracite.
Blind-worms, XX. 123.
Blinding, a punishment, IV. 702.
Blindness, IV. 702, 703—common in
Egypt, VIII. 516. See Blind.
Blinds, in war, IV. 703.
Blinks, IV. 703.
Blissingen, IV. 703.
Blistering-plasters for the domestic ani¬
mals, XXI. 614, n. 6.
Bloating, IV. 703.
Bloch (Mark Eleazer), IV. 703.
Block, IV. 703.
Block-machinery, IV. 704.
Blockade, in war, IV. 707.
Blocking-course, in architecture, III.
465; V. 675.
Blockziel, IV. 709.
Blois, in France, IV. 709.
Blon’s (Le) coloured engravings, XV. 3.
Blond (Christopher le), IV. 709.
Blondeau’s marine barometer, IV. 394.
Blondel (David), IV. 709.
 (Francis), IV. 709 ; XI. 42.
Blondus (Flavius), historian, IV. 709.
Blood, II. 712—its phenomena out of the
body, 713—its character in difierent
animals, III. 158—religious uses of,
IV. 709—chemical composition and
properties of, VI. 492—colouring mat¬
ter of, 494—its use in clarifying, 727
—effect of unoxygenated, on the brain,
VIII. 201—specific gravity of, XII. 27
—Leuwenhoeck’s observations on its
globules, XIII. 256—size of particles
of human, XV. 26—supposed showers
of, XVII. 536 ; XIX. 59—conversion
of chyle into, XVII. 582, 633—arteri-
alization of, 583, 645—nature and pro¬
perties of, 633—quantity of, 641-
Does it contain proximate elements
of all tissues ? 657—of reptiles, XIX.
124—transfusion of, XXI. 344—Aven¬
ger of, IV. 710—Field of, ib.—whole
and half, ib. See the next article, and
Respiration.
24
INDEX
BLO—BOA
Blood (cibcdlation of the), XVII.
582, 637; II. 706—hinted at by Mon-
dino in the 14th century, 693—par¬
tially announced by Servetus, 697 ;
and by Columbus, 698—and fully
discovered by Harvey, 698; XVII.
727—hepatic, II. 650—organs of, in
man, 818,- and in brutes, III. 39—
circulation in the Crustacea, VII. 499
—insects, IX. 82—worms, XI. 216—
fishes, XII. 160; XVII. 716—the mol-
lusca, XV. 327, 351, et seq.—reptiles,
XIX. 124 — frogs, 151 — zoophytes,
XXL 990—Leuwenhoeck’s observa¬
tions on, XIII. 255—course of the
blood through the heart, II. 820.
  of Christ, a military order of
Mantua, IV. 710.
 (Precious), nuns, IV. 710.
 (Thomas), IV. 710.
Blood-horse, XI. 567.
Blood-hound, XI. 698.
Blood-letting, a source of diagnosis,
XVII. 49 6—in surgery, XX. 8 4 0—more
rarely resorted to than formerly, ib.
—bleeding of the domestic animals,
XXI. 613, n. 6.
Blood-spavin, XXI. 617.
Bloodstone, a mineral, IV. 711.
Bloodvessels, Aristotle and others on
the, II. 687, et seq.—structure of ar¬
teries, 716 ; and veins, 719—vessels of
the brain, 811—stomach, 815—colon
and liver, 817—lungs, 821—kidneys,
822—womb, 826—and placenta, 827-
comparative anatomy of the, III. 39—
of the Crustacea, VII. 499—their dis¬
eases in the domestic animals, XXI.
632. See Aneurism, Entomology,
Ichthyology, Ornithology, &c.
Bloreheath, battle of, VIII. 735.
Blosias, XVII. 231.
Blossom, IV. 711.
Blossoming of plants, IV. 711.
Blount (Charles), IV. 712.
   (Sir Charles), VIII. 758.
 — (Edward), printer, XVIII. 554.
 (Sir Henry), IV. 711.
 (Thomas), IV. 711.
 (Sir Thomas Pope), IV. 711.
Blow (Dr John), IV. 712.
Blowers of the whale, XIV. 183.
Blowing, IV. 716.
Blowing-machines, IV. 717 5 XVIII.
132—those used in iron-smelting, VI.
88—water-machine, XII. 106.
Blown, a disease of cattle, XXI. 624.
Blowpipe, IV. 712—how to keep up a
continued blast with the, XVIII. 125
—anatomical, IV. 716.
Blubber, IV. 720—its use as a manure,
II. 305.
Blcdenz, in the Tyrol, IV. 720.
Blue, IV. 720—colouring matters, VI.
485—in crayon-painting, VII. 453-
dyeing of, VIII. 325, 342—varieties
of, XV. 126—cyanometer, VII. 572.
Bluing, IV. 720—of iron and other
metals, ib.
Blue-bird, XVI. 576.
Blue-John, IV. 720.
Blue Mountains, XXI. 452, 714.
Blue-spar, in mineralogy, XV. 154.
Blue-throat, bird, XVI. 575.
Blue-Vitriol, IV. 720 ; XV. 138.
Bluff-Head, IV. 720.
Bluhme (Dr), his views respecting Jus¬
tinian’s code, VI. 716.
Blumberg on Coptic, XI. 313.
Blumenbach on albinos, II. 383—his
classification of animals, III. 170—
on the varieties of the human species,
XIV. 199, 201.
Blundell (Lieutenant), killed in a duel,
VIII. 254.
Blunderbuss, IV. 720.
Blushing, IV. 720.
Blyth, river, its navigation, XVI. 8,
Blythe on agriculture, II. 257.
Bo, islands, IV. 720.
Boas, serpents, XX. 142, 125, 134.
Boad, town in Hindostan, IV. 720.
Boadicea, IV. 721 j V. 299 ; XIX. 403.
BOA—BOG
Boag (Mr), on the poison of serpents,
XX. 128.
Boar, IV. 721—its ivory. III. 32—wild,
IV. 721; XIV. 149.
Board, IV. 721.
Boat, IV. 721—of wicker-work, IV.
428—for sailing on ice, XII. 141—for
canals, XVI. 36.
Boat-bill, bird, XVI. 618.
Boating, punishment of, IV. 722.
Boatswain, IV. 722 ; XVI. 53—boat¬
swain’s mate, IV. 722.
Bobac, in zoology, XIV. 131.
Bobbin, IV. 722.
Bobbing for eels, IV. 722.
Bobbinnet, manufacture of, VII. 410 ;
XVI. 281.
Bobilee, Hindoo town, IV. 722.
Boblingen, in Wirtemberg, IV. 722.
Boca-Chica, IV. 722.
Boca-del-Drago, IV. 722.
Bocayrent, Spanish town, IV. 722.
Boccaccio (John), IV. 722.
Boccale, liquid measure, IV. 725.
Boccalini (Trajan), IV. 725.
Boccarella, IV. 725.
Bocchus, XVI. 307.
Boccone (Paolo Sylvio), IV. 725.
Bochart (Samuel), IV. 725.
Bocher (Joan), VII. 446.
Bochius, or Bocqui (John), IV. 726.
Bochnia, in Galicia, IV. 726.
Bochtheim, German town, IV. 726.
Bochum, in Westphalia, IV. 726.
Bockhara. See Bukharia.
Bockholdt (John(, anabapatist, II. 679.
Booking, a town in Essex, IV. 726.
Bock-land, IV. 726.
Bocqui (John), IV. 726.
Bocydium, insect, IX. 204.
Bodaert, his classification of animals,
III. 170.
Boddington (T. F.), struck by lightning,
VIII. 639. *
Boderia, or Bodotria, IV. 726.
Bodin, or Bodinus (John), IV. 726—
high character of, as a philosophical
politician, I. 27—his opinion of Ma-
chiavel, 233—absurdity of some of his
speculations, 28—X>e la Republique,
his most important work,ib.—Sorcery
imputed to, ib. — his work against
Wierus, XXL 907.
Bodkin, IV. 726.
Bodleian Library, in Oxford, XIII. 298;
XVI. 685 ; IV. 726.
Bodley (Sir Thomas), IV. 726.
Bodmer, XIX. 682.
Bodmin, a Cornish town, IV. 727.
Bodoni (Giambatista), IV. 727.
Boduni, VIII. 74.
Body defined, X. 431; XIV. 634—com¬
position of bodies, 643—essences of
bodies, 648—distinguished from mind,
670—Plato’s notion of, XVIII. 33.
Boece (Hector). See Boyce.
Boeckh on the prices of commodities in
ancient Athens, IV. 171—on Greek
inscriptions, XII. 292.
Boedromia, Athenian feasts, IV. 727.
Boedromion, Athenian month, IV. 727.
Boehmen (Jacob), IV. 727.
Bieotia, IV. 727 ; X. 723.
Boerhaave (Herman), a Dutch physi¬
cian, IV. 728—on the distribution of
heat, I. 642—on chemistry, VI. 348
—on physiology, XVII. 729.
Boethius, IV. 729 ; I. 307 ; XVII. 413.
Bog, IV. 730 ; XV. 572—Irish bogs,
XII. 391—bogs of Kerry, 703—of
Allen, 721; XXI. 313—of Kilkenny,
XII. 714,
 of Gight, IV. 730.
Bog-spavin, XXI. 617.
Bogalcund, in Hindostan, IV. 730.
Bogals or Boghels, IV. 730.
Bogarmitas, heretics, IV. 731.
Boghera, in Italy, IV. 731.
Boglipoor, Hindoo town, IV. 731.
Bogoduchow, in Russia, IV. 731.
Bogomili, heretics, IV. 731.
Bogoradsk, in Russia, IV. 731.
Bogorodizk, in Russia, IV. 731.
BOG-BOM
Bogota (Santa Fe de), IV. 731.
Boguslaw, in Russia, IV. 736.
Bogutschat, in Russia, IV. 736.
Bogwangola, town in Bengal, IV. 786.
Bohaddin, or Boh-a-Eddyn, IV. 736.
Bohea, tea, IV. 737 ; XXL 133.
Bohemia, IV. 225—silver mines in, XV.
256—heights of mountains of, XVII.
505—conquered by the Poles, XVIII.
185—invaded by the Prussians, 673.
Bohemian Bibles, IV. 617—Brethren,
737—language, XIII. 89.
Bohemond, VII. 285.
Bohmer on canon law, VI. 93.
Bohn, his works on medical jurispru¬
dence, XIV. 491.
Bohnenberg’s electroscope, XXI. 673.
Bohol, or Bool, IV. 737.
Boiardo (Count Matteo Maria), IV.
737—poetry of, XVIII. 159.
Boigtsberg, in Saxony, IV. 738.
Boileau (Despreaux Nicolas), IV. 738
—poetry of, XVIII. 165.
Boiler-plates, XII. 443.
Boilers of steam-engines, XX. 671.
Boiling, IV. 738—phenomena of, XX.
572, et seq.—by steam, 607.
Boiling-point, its variation at different
heights, IV. 401—its permanence,
however much heat applied, XX. 572.
Boinitz, Hungarian town, IV. 738.
Bois-le-Duc, IV. 738.
Bois de Soignies, IV. 739.
Boissard (John James), IV. 739.
Bojador, African cape, IV. 739.
Bokhara. See Bukharia.
Bolabola, or Borabora, IV. 739.
Bolandus (John), IV. 739.
Bolder-Born spring, XVII. 529.
Bole, a mineral, IV. 739; XV. 148—
specific gravity of, XII. 27.
Boletic acid, VI. 430.
Boleyn (Anne), IV. 739; HI. 195;
VII. 446 ; VIII. 744-6.
Boli, town in Natolia, IV. 740.
Bolingbroke (Henry St John, Lord
Viscount), IV. 740; V. 375—his cha¬
racter of Marlborough, VI. 688—his
attack upon Pope, XXI. 772—War-
burton’s “ View” of his Philosophy, ib.
Bolis, a meteor, XVII. 542.
Bolitophila, insect, IX. 262.
Bolivar (Simon), IV. 741; VII. 96, et
seq.—his ambitious motives, 759—his
anti-republican principles, 104—his
assumption of the dictatorship, 107—
his death, 110—his proceedings in
Peru, XVII. 299.
Bolivia, IV. 745 ; II. 644—heights of
mountains of, XVII. 505—maps of,
Vol. VI. Plate CLVII-2 ; and Vol.
VII. Plate CL XXVI-2.
Bolkenhain, in Silesia, IV. 761.
Bollards, IV. 761.
Bologna, IV. 761—Institute of, II. 72
—medical school of, 692—library of,
XIII. 309—school of painting, XVI.
719—university, XXL 488.
Bolognian Stone, IV.761.
Bolschaia Reka, river, IV. 761.
Bolscheretsk, IV. 761.
Bolsec (Jerome), XIII. 271.
Bolsena, lake, XVII. 5.
Bolsover, IV. 324.
Bolster, IV. 761.
Bolswert, engraver, IV. 762 ; IX. 54.
Bolt, IV. 762—bolt-rope, ib.
Boltenia, mollusca, XV. 368.
Bolter, IV. 762.
Bolting, IV. 762.
Bolting-cloth, IV. 762—Mill, ib.
Bolton (Edmund), IV. 762.
Bolton-le-Moor, in Lancashire, IV.
7 62—Manchester, Bolton, and Bury
canal, XVI. 16.
Bomangoi, III. 153.
Bomb, IV. 762 — bomb-vessels, ib.—
bomb-ketch, 766.
Bombaceae, in botany, V. 99.
Bombadier, IV. 762.
Bombardo, a musical instrument, IV.
762.
Bombasine, IV. 762.
BOM—BON
Bombast, IV. 762 ; X. 710.
Bombay, in Hindostan, IV. 762—Ele¬
phant Isle at, VIII. 663.
Bombelli (Raphael), an Italian mathe¬
matician, discoveries of, I. 442—on
algebra, ib; 11.423; XIV. 316.
Bomberg (Daniel), his Hebrew Bibles,
IV. 614.
Bombinator, reptile, XIX. 158.
Bombus, in music, IV. 766.
 , insect, IX. 235.
Bombycilla, birds, XVI. 570.
Bombycites, insects, IX. 246.
Bombyliarii, insects, IX. 267.
Bombylius, insect, IX. 267.
Bombyx, insect, IX. 247.
Bomilcar, VI. 187.
Bomonici, IV. 766.
Bomst, in Prussia, IV. 766.
Bona, IV. 766—massacre at, II. 510.
Bona Dea—Fides—Mobilia—Notabilia
—Vacantia, IV. 766-7.
Bonaa, island, IV. 767.
Bonald (M. de), his estimate of the
merits of Condillac, I. 177.
Bonaparte (Carlo), on ornithology, XVI.
551.
 (Louis), XL 527.
 (Napoleon). See Napoleon.
Bonardi (Abbe), on anonymous books,
IV. 628.
Bonarelli della Rovere (Count
Guid’ Ubaldi), IV. 767.
Bonassus. See Bison.
Bonati, Neapolitan city, IV. 767.
Bonaventure (Cardinal), IV. 767.
Bonavista, African island, IV. 767.
Bonawasi, Hindoo town, IV. 767.
Bond (John), IV. 767.
 (Mr), on megnetism, XIII. 687
—on navigation, XV. 749, 750.
Bond-timbers, V. 684.
Bondage, IV. 767. See Slavery.
Bondelas, V. 704.
Bondman, IV. 767.
Bondou, African kingdom, IV. 767.
Bones, extraction of ammonia from, II.
662—in funeral solemnities, IV. 768
—their chemical properties and com¬
position, II. 743; VI. 504—Du Ha¬
mel’s experiments on their growth,
VIII. 256—specific gravity of, XII. 27
—fossil, XV. 221, 225—extraction of
gelatine from, XX. 609—their hollow
form an instance of divine wisdom,
766—method of cleaning, whitening,
and tinging, XXI. 430—their diseases
in the domestic animals, 615. See
Ossification.
 (human), II. 759 ; XVII. 580,
581—knowledge of Celsus and Galen
as to their anatomy, II. 689, 690—•
their forms, structure, and properties,
740 ; XVII. 599, 615—chemical ana¬
lysis of, II. 743; XVII. 600—their
vessels, II. 743—their development,
744—their functions, 746; XVII. 613
—of the ear, II. 801—ossification,
XVII. 656.
  OF the lower animals, HI. 1;
XVII. 701, et seq.—of the ear, III.
25—of fishes, XII. 154.
Bone-manure, II. 302.
Bone-mill, description of, II. 355.
Bone-spavin, XXI. 616.
Bonelli (Prof.), on birds, XVI. 551.
Bo’ness, in Linlithgowshire, V. 18—-
singular colliery at, VII. 71.
Bonet (Theophilus), IV. 768.
Bonfadio (James), IV. 768.
Bonfini (Anthony), IV. 768.
Bonfrere (James), IV. 768.
Bongars (James), IV. 768.
Bonginese, VI. 270.
Boni (Abbe), on editions of the classics,
IV. 627.
Boniface (Popes of that name), IV,
769—collection of decretals by Boni¬
face the Eighth, VI. 92.
 (Saint), IV. 769.
Bonifaci, town in Lombardy, IV. 769.
Bonifacio, Corsican town, IV. 769.
Bonifacius, Roman general, XIX. 422.
INDEX,
25
BON—BOR
Bonito, fish, XII. 198.
Bonjol (M.), on the electricity of the
air, VIII. 624—on electro-chemical
decomposition, 632.
Bonjour (M.), his bleaching-estahlish-
ment, IV. 680.
 , linguist, on Coptic, XI. 313.
Bonn, in Germany, IV. 769—university
of, XVIII. 700.
 (Andrew), his dissertation on the
membranes, II. 702.
Bonnee, river, IV. 769,
Bonnefons (John), IV. 769.
Bonnek (Edmund), bishop of London,
IV. 769 ; VIII. 755, 756. 1
Bonnet, IV. 772.
  (Chabxes), IV. 770—his com¬
mentary upon Leibnitz’s theory of a
Sufficient Reason, I. 131—was the
first to assert that there is a scale of
beings from the Deity downwards,
134, 149—his scheme of necessity, 149
—his speculations on human nature,
170—on the union between soul and
body, 171—on the functions of leaves,
III. 55—on ants, 239, 240, 242—on
generation, XVII. 691.
 (Theophilus), IV. 768.
Bonneval (C. A., count de), IV. 772.
Bonny, river, XVI. 223.
Bonnycastle (Charles), on magnetism,
XIII. 693, 722.
Bononcini (Giovanni Maria), IV. 772.
Bononia, IV. 772-3.
Bonpland on the gymnotus electricus,
VIII. 613.
Bontius on birds, XVI. 546.
Bonvincino (Alessandrio), IV. 773.
Bont, IV. 773 ; VI. 270.
Bonzes, IV. 773.
Booby, bird, XVI. 634.
Boodh. See Buddha.
Boodroom, in Caramania, IV. 773.
Boogebooge, in Hindostan, IV. 773.
Book, IV. 773—of Discipline, XIX. 735.
Books, constituent parts of, IV. 621—
manuscript, before the invention of
printing, 622—ancient, 623—different
forms of modern, ih.—differences be¬
tween editions of, ib. 621—early
printed, 624—rare, 625—the classics,
ih.—anonymous and pseudonymous,
627—condemned and prohibited, 628
—dictionaries and catalogues of, 629
—classification of, 631—mode of whit¬
ening and cleaning, 692—only one in
eight reaches a second edition, VII.
315—Philadelphia and Boston book-
trade, XVII. 223—Mexican, II. 623—
Chinese, XVII. 391. See Bibliogra¬
phy, Copyright, Libraries, Printing.
Book-binding, IV. 775. '
Book-keeping, IV. 775.
Booksellers, IV. 791—prevalent er¬
roneous notion about their supposed
high profits, VJI. 315—subdivisions
of their trade, 319.
Bool, or Bohol, island, IV. 737.
Boolam, XX. 94.
Boom, IV. 792.
Booming, IV. 792.
Boondee, in Hindostan, IV. 792.
Boops, fish, XII. 178.
Boorhanpoor, in Hindostan, VI. 792.
Booro, island, IV. 792.
Booroojird, Persian city, IV. 792.
Boorsali, XX. 93.
Booshatter, IV. 792.
Boot, IV. 792.
Bootan, IV. 792.
Bootes, constellation, IV. 795.
Booth (Barton), actor, IV. 795.
 (Benj.), on book-keeping, IV. 776.
Booton, island, IV. 796.
Booty, IV. 796.
Bopal, in Hindostan, IV. 796.
Boqcinians, heretics, IV. 796.
Borabpra, IV. 739.
Boracic acid, IV. 796 : VI. 373 ; XV.
137.
Boracite, IV. 797 ; XV. 158—pyro¬
electricity of, VIII. 597—specific gra¬
vity of, XII. 27.
BOR—BOS
Borack, IV. 797,
Borage, XL 675.
Boragese, in botany, V. 122.
Boraginese, in botany, V. 122.
Boras, XI. 32.
Borax, IV. 797 ; VI, 373 ; XV. 139—
its use in the blowpipe, IV. 713—
specific gravity of, XII. 27.
Borborjtes, heretics, IV. 797.
Borborus, insect, IX. 292.
Borda (John Charles), IV. 797—on
overshot wheels, XII. 84—his method
of measuring the intensity of gravity
by the pendulum, XVII. 189—his
pneumatic experiments, XVIII. 115
—on projectiles, 646, 654—his mea¬
suring rules, 749.
Borde (Andrew), IV. 799.
Bordeaux. See Bourdeaux.
Bordeu on the membranes, II. 702—on
cellular tissue, 713.
Bordures, in heraldry, XJ. 246.
Bore, or tide-wave, XXI. 282.
Boreas, IV. 799.
Borel (Peter), IV. 799.
Borelli (John Alphonso), IV. 799—the
first who demonstrated the impossi¬
bility of flying, II. 178—Apollonius’s
Conics translated by, III. 288—his
diving-bladder, VIII. 62—on the div¬
ing-bell, 64 — on mechanics, XIV.
352—on the structure and power of
the muscles, XVII. 609, 611.
Boreus, insect, IX. 212.
Borga, in Finland, IV. 800.
Borgen, town in Norway, IV. 800.
Borghoo, kingdom in Africa, II. 238.
Borgia (Caesar), IV. 800—his meetings
with Machiavelli, XIII. 644.
Borgites, VIII. 484.
Borgo (Pietro del) his work on perspec¬
tive, XVII. 273.
Borgoo, African kingdom, IV. 800.
Boring, V. 1—for coal, VII. 75. See
Blasting.
Boris, XIX. 537.
Borissoglebsk, in Russia, V. 6.
Boristhenes, river, V. 6.
Borken, in Munster, V. 6.
Borkum, island, V. 6.
Borlase (Edmund and William), V. 7.
Bormio, in Lombardy, V. 7.
Born (Ignatius Baron Von), V. 7.
Borneo, diamonds of, VIII. 4—trade
with Singapore, XX. 367—map of,
Vol. XII. PI. CCCVII 2.
Bornholm, island, IV. 328.
Bornou, an African kingdom, V. 11 ;
11.237. See Niger, XVI. 218.
Borochloric acid, VI. 373.
Borodino, V. 15—battle of, X. 156.
Boromajfs (Cardinal), V. 16.
Boron, VI. 373 ; VII. 640—sulphuret
of, VI. 377.
Borough, V. 15.
Boroughbridge, a town in Yorkshire,
V. 15—battle of, VIII. 726.
Borowitschi, in Russia, V. 15.
Borowsk, in Russia, V. 15.
Borrelists, sect, V. 15.
Borrichius (Olaus), V. 15.
Borromean Islands, V. 16.
Borromeus (Cardinal), V. 16.
Borromini, character of his style of ar¬
chitecture, III. 427.
Borrowdale, black-lead mines in, VII.
537.
Borrowstounness, in Linlithgowshire,
V. 18—singular colliery at, VII. 71.
Borseholder, V. 18,
Borset, or Borsette, V. 18.
Borsod, in Hungary, V. 18.
Borulawski, a Polish dwarf, VIII, 294.
Boruret of iron, VI. 405.
Bory de St Vincent on animalcules, III.
180, et seg'.—his table of classification
of them, 183—his account of Bourbon,
V. 149 ; and the Canaries, VI. 73.
Borysthenes, river, V. 6.
Bos, coin, V. 19—in zoology, XIV. 165
—grunniens, XXI. 255.
 (John Baptist du), V. 18.
Bosa, Sardinian city, V. 19.
BOS—BOT
Bose, his bee-hive, III. 283—his work on
conchology, XV. 330.
Boscage, V. 19.
Boscan (Don Juan), V. 19 5 X. 316—
poetry of, XVIII. 162.
Boscawen (Edward), admiral, V. 19,
Boscoi, or Bosci, V. 19.
Boscovich (Roger Joseph), V. 19—ex¬
traordinary talents of, I. 202—his
theory of the constitution of the uni¬
verse, 605—reasoning on which he
supported it, ib.—account of his life
and writings, ib.—obscured his theory
by an infusion of scholastic metaphy¬
sics, 606—it may be regarded as a
happy extension of the law of attrac¬
tion, ib.—on the degree, IX. 549—on
the spectrum, XVI. 411—manner in
which he has represented the action
of corpuscular forces, XX. 751—his
treatise on that subject, 755.
Boshuanas, African race, V. 21.
Bosjesmans, or Bushmen, V. 23.
Bosnia, in Turkey, V. 23.
Bosphorus, V. 23—supposed bursting
of the Thracian, IV. 659.
Bosquets, in gardening, V. 23.
Boss, in architecture. III. 465,
Bossiney, Cornish town, V. 23.
Bosso, or Bossus (Matthew), V. 23.
Bossu (Rene le), V. 23.
Bossuet (J. B.), V. 24—contrast be¬
tween him and Fenelon, I. 335—his
reply to Fenelon concerning man be¬
ing influenced by a disinterested love
of God, 336-—in this controversy, re¬
lied mainly on the principle, that, as
man must desire his own happiness,
he desires every thing as a means to¬
wards it, ib.
Bossupt, V. 26.
Bossut (Abbfe), his experiments on the
resistance of water, I. 609—on hy¬
drodynamics, XII. 4, 61, 66, 68, 71,
85, 89 ; XVIII. 112 ; XIX. 258 :
XXL 785, 798, 807.
Bost, Persian town, V. 26.
Bostangis, V. 26.
Bostoek (Dr), his classification of ani¬
mal functions, XVII. 591—on gela¬
tin, &c., 620, et seq.—on the blood,
658.
Boston, in Lincolnshire, V, 26.
 , in Massachusetts, V. 26—de¬
struction of tea at, 398—book-trade
of, XVII. 223.
 (Elizabeth), VIII. 745.
Bostrichus, insect, IX. 176.
Boswell (James), V. 26.
Bosworth, V. 29—battle of, VIII. 739.
Bot, IX. 281; XXL 627.
Botal (Leonard), V. 29.
Botanomancy, V. 141.
Botany, V. 30—classification of plants,
II. 142; by Cassalpinus, V. 774—dis¬
tinction between plants and animals,
II. 685 ; III. 155-8—Cavanilles on,
VI. 257 — Druidical knowledge of,
VIII. 208—preservation of flowers,
XIX. 629—botanical structures, XL
686—useful to physicians, XIV. 526
—geographical distribution of plants,
XVII. 545—effect of latitude and ele¬
vation on plants, ib. 546. See Ana¬
tomy (Vegetable), and Vegetable Phy¬
siology.
Botany Bay, V. 141; XXL 712.
Botaurus, bird, XVI. 619.
Both (John and Andrew), V. 141.
Bothin, district of, XVI. 745.
Bothnia (Gulf of), IV. 330.
Bothrioccphalus, zoophyte, XXI. 996.
Bothwell (earl of), XIX. 739.
 Bridge, battle of, V. 351.
Botryllus, molluscum, XV. 371.
Botryolite, in mineralogy, XV. 150.
Bots, IX. 281—in cattle, XXL 627.
Botticelli (Alesandro), V. 141.
Bottle, V. 142—bottle-glass, X. 579.
Bottling of wines, XXI. 901.
Botto (Professor), on thermo-electricity,
XXL 698.
Bottom, V. 142.
BOT—.BOU
Bottomry, V. 142.
Bottony, in heraldry, V. 142.
Bottoschany, Turkish city, V. 112
Bottrigari (Hercole), V. 142.
Botys, insect, IX. 252.
Botzen, in the Tyrol, V. 142.
Bouche of Court, V. 142.
Boucher de la Richarderie, his catalogue
of Voyages and Travels, IV. 630.
Bouflers (Louis Francis, Duke of), V.
142, 368, 369 ; IX. 395.
Bougainville (Louis Antoine de), V.
143—on the Periplus of Hanno, II.
219—his discoveries in Australasia,
IV. 211, 212,213,214—his settlement
of the Falkland Islands, V. 391—his
visit to Otaheite, XVIII. 325.
Bougainville’s Island, V. 144.
Bougeant (William Hyacinth), V. 144
—his notion that brutes are animated
by devils, 613, 614.
Bough, V. 144.
Bouguer (Peter), V. 144—reduced the
theory of hydrostatics, as applied to
naval architecture, into a simnle and
elegant form, I. 608—sketch'of his
life and character, ib.—his rule rela¬
tive to the barometrical measurement
of mountains, 614—measurement of a
degree by, in South America, 657;
IX. 548—on the figure of the earth,
III. 746—on the moon’s light, IV. 3
—on the gradation of atmospheric
density, 398—his quarrel with Con-
damine, VII. 198—his heliomoter, XI.
213 —his lucimeter, XIII. 589—on
optics, XVI. 362—his observations on
the pendulum, XVII. 201—on seaman¬
ship, XX. 33—on ship-huilding, 240,
et seq.
Bouhours (Dominic), V. 146 — his
French New Testament, IV. 616.
Bouillaud (Mens.), on disease of the kid¬
neys and brain, XVII. 479, 488
Bouka, island, V. 146.
Boulac, VIII. 519.
Boulainvilliers (Henry de), V. 146.
Boulanger (Nicholas Anthony), V. 146.
 (John), V. 147.
Boulay (Caesar Egasse du), V. 147.
Boulaye (Marquis de la), VII. 202.
Boulders, or Bowlders, V. 156; VII
703 ; XV. 220.
Boulder-wall, V. 147.
Boulette, V. 147.
Boulogne, V. 147 — Bonaparte’s en¬
campment at, 518.
Boulter, IV. 762.
 (Dr Hugh), V. 147.
Boultine, V. 148.
Boulton (Edward), IV. 762.
—  (Matthew), V, 148—his coin¬
ing-machine, VII, 50.
Bounties, V, 148; VII. 160—on ex¬
portation of corn, 336—effects of, on
the exportation of raw produce, 346
—advantages to landlords, 347—tend
to force capital abroad, ib.—have no
tendency to reduce the real price of
corn by causing a glut of the market,
348—tend to increase fluctuations in
the price of raw produce, 348—on
fisheries, IX. 593.
Bouquetin, in zoology, XIV, 164.
Bourbon, island, V. 149.
 (Nicholas), sen. and jun., V. 151.
Bourbon-Vendee, in France, V. 151.
Bourchenu de Valbonais, IV. 700.
Bourchier (J.), Lord Bernars, V. 151.
Bourdaloue (Louis), V. 151.
Bourdeaux, V. 152—Roman edifices
formerly at, III. 418, n.—wines of,
XXL 899, 902.
Bourdelot (John), V. 153.
Bourdon (Sebastian), V. 153—his pic¬
tures, XVI. 723.
Bourdon’s classification of the animal
functions, XVII. 590.
Bourdonnais (M. de la), his improve¬
ment of naval signals, XX. 333, 337.
Bourg, V. 153.
Bourganeuf, in France, V. 153.
Bourgeois type, XXI. 436.
26
INDEX
BOU—BOZ
BomtGES, in France, V. 153.
Boubget (Dom John), V. 153.
Boubgoing, (John Francis de), V. 153.
Boueguignons, V. 154.
Bourignon (Antoinette), Y. 154.
Bourke (General), XXI. 713.
Bourn Ban river, its navigation, XVI. 8.
Bourne, in Lincolnshire, V. 154.
— - (Wm.), on gunnery, XI. 42—on
navigation, XV. 747.
Bournonite, VI. 459; XV. 168—specific
gravity of, XII. 27.
Bouro, island, V. 154.
Bourrit (Monsieur), his attempts to as¬
cend Mont Blanc, II. 562.
Bousmard (Mons. de), on fortification,
IX. 771.
Boussac, in France, V. 154.
Boustrophedon, IV. 774.
Bouton, island, IV. 796.
Bouts-rimes, V. 154.
Bouziers, in France, V. 155.
Boves, VII. 98.
Bovey-Tracy, in Devonshire, V. 155.
Bow, V. 155. See Archery.
  Island, V. 155.
Bow-net—Bow-line—Bow-pieces—Bow-
bearer, V. 155.
Bowden (A.), on dry-rot, VIII. 227-8.
Bowdich’s mission to Ashantee, III. 666.
Bowdoin College, XIV. 43.
Bowels. See Intestines.
Bower, in gardening, V. 156.
 (Walter), IX. 741.
Bowerbank (Mr), on the circulation of
blood in insects, IX. 83.
Bowl, V. 156.
Bowlders. See Boulders.
Bowles (Rev. W. L.), on church spires,
III. 423—his controversy with Mr
Roscoe, XIX. 477.
Bowling, V. 156.
Bowling-green, V. 156.
Bowring (Mr), on French commerce, X.
185, 186.
Bows of ships, XX. 294.
Bowsprit, V. 156.
Bowyer (William), printer, V. 156.
Bowyers, V. 158.
Box, V. 158—dice-box, ib.
Box-elder tree, XVII. 787.
Boxers, V. 158.
Boxhornius (Marc Zuerius), V. 158.
Boxing, V. 158; XI. 96.
Boxwood, sp. gr. of, XII. 27—used in
wood-engraving, XXI. 918.
Boyar, V. 158.
Boyau, in fortification, V. 158.
Boyce (Hector), IV. 158—Bellenden’s
translation of his History of Scotland,
IV. 549.
Boyce’s reaping-machine, II. 269.
Boyd (Mark Alexander), V. 161.
■ (ship), massacre of its crew by
the New Zealanders, IV. 216.
Boyer (Abel), V. 161.
• (Jean Pierre), VIII. 106.
 (General), his services to Me-
hemmed Ali, VIII. 502.
 , in navigation, V. 162.
Boyle, a town in Roscommon, XIX. 480.
Boyle (Charles), V. 167—his contro¬
versy with Bentley, IV. 575.
  (John), earl of Cork and Orrery,
V. 168.
 (Richard), earl of Cork, V. 162.
  (Richard), earl of Burlington
and Cork, V. 162.
 (the Hon. Robert), V. 163—his
contributions to metaphysical science,
I. 139—his air-pump, 481 ; XVIII.
72, 80—on pneumatics, 100 ; IV. 388
—on electricity, VIII. 565—on the
constancy of nature, XVII. 574—Boy-
lean law in pneumatics, XVIII. 100
•—Boyle’s Lectures, V. 168.
  (Roger), earl of Orrery, V. 162.
Boyne, river, V. 168 ; XIV. 345—its
navigation, XVI. 22—battle of the, V.
363; VIII. 200; XII. 377.
Boyse (John and Samuel), V. 168.
Boze (Prof.), his electrical discoveries
and improvements, VIII. 568, 569.
BQU—BRA
B Quadro, in music, V. 170.
Bra, Sardinian city, V. 170.
Brabanciones, V. 170.
Brabant, XVI. 141.
Brabeutes, V. 170.
Bracciolini (Francis), poet, V. 170.
Brace and Braces, V. 170.
Bracelet, V. 170.
Brachelytra, insects, IX. 136.
Brachinus, insect, IX. 113.
Brachiopoda, mollusca, XV. 365.
Brachmins. See Bramins.
Brachon, insect, IX. 222.
Brachycerus, insect, IX. 172.
Brachygraphy, V. 170; XX. 716.
Brachylogy, V. 170.
Brachyopa, insects, IX. 274.
Brachypterae, birds, XVI. 629.
Brachypus, insect, IX. 174.
Brachystoma, insects, IX. 269.
Brachyura, tribe of Crustacea, VII. 500.
Bracke, or Brache, V. 170.
Brackenheim, V. 170.
Bracket and Brackets, V. 171.
Brackley, V. 171.
Braconnot (Monsieur), on the food of
plants, XXI. 571.
Bractese, III. 95, 96 ; V. 39, 40.
Bracteolae, in botany, V. 40.
Bracton (Henry), V. 171.
Bradbury Rings, VIII. 120.
Bradford, V. 171—canal, XVI. 8.
 (John), V. 171.
Brading, in Hampshire, V. 171.
Bradley (Dr James), V. 171—discovery
of the abberration of light by, I. 569 ;
II. 33; III. 744—his other astrono¬
mical discoveries, 744—his microme¬
ter, XV. 23.
Bradninch, in Devonshire, V.. 173.
Brads, nails, V. 173.
Bradshaw (Henry and John), V. 173.
Bradwardine (Thos.), archbishop of
Canterbury, V. 173—ethical doctrines
of, I. 309.
Brady (Robert), V. 173.
 (Nicholas), V. 174.
Brady’s domestic balance, XXI. 837.
Bradypus, in zoology, XIV. 141.
Braemar, V. 174.
Brag, game at cards, V. 174.
Braga, in Portugal, V. 174.
Braganza, in Portugal, V. 174—in Pa¬
ra, XVII. 53.
Brahe (Tycho), V. 174—his merits and
discoveries as an astronomer, I. 485
et seq.—believed in astrology, 488.
Brahem, II. 534.
Brahested, IV. 330.
Brahilow, in Wallachia, V. 175.
Brahm, XI. 398.
Brahma, XI. 399 ; XV. 677.
Brahmaputra, river in India, V. 175 ;
IV. 564—its source, III. 705.
Brahmegupta, algebraist, II. 425.
Brahmins, V. 175; VI. 223; XL 399,
et seq.; XIX. 629—their creed, XVII.
427; XVIII. 341—their doctrine of
the soul, XIV. 687—suicide favoured
by the, XX. 797.
Brahooes, IV. 558.
Brahooick Mountains, V. 181 $ IV. 556.
Brain (human), description of, by Ga¬
len, II. 690, and Varolius, 697—Willis
on anatomy of, 699—anatomical re¬
searches on, 704—structure of, 736 ;
XVII. 681—its anatomy, II. 806—
weight, ib.—convolutions, 807—ven¬
tricles, 808—blood vessels, 811—mem¬
branes, ib.—connection with the nu¬
tritive organs, 813—its functions, III.
159 ; XIV. 579, 582; XVII. 454—its
chemical properties and composition,
VI.504; XVII. 650—effect of unoxyge¬
nated blood on, VIII. 201—connection
ofthemindwith,VIII.441 ;XIV. 671;
XVII. 454, 659, 674, 681—Gall’s opi¬
nions concerning, X. 297 ; XVII. 454
—proportionably large in infants, XII.
271—Leuwenhoeck’s observations on,
XIII. 256 — is necessary to sensa¬
tion, XIV. 603—dependence of memory
on its state, 617—human compared
BRA
with those of brutes, 195 ; XVII.
699, 700, 702—theory of its galvanic
functions, 131—effects of injuries and
diseases of the, 457, 459, 465—theory
of plurality of organs in, 458, 466,
469, 681—how far correspondent in
shape with the skull, 460, 466—is the
seat of insanity, XIV. 584—its ap¬
pearance in cases of insanity, XVII.
124—often diseased, without symp¬
toms of functional derangement, 478,
480—When one hemisphere is diseased
may the other perform its functions ?
479—organic and dynamical disease
of, 481—sympathetic diseases of, 484
softening of, 489—complication of dis¬
eases of, 492—What part of it is the
sensorium? 673—What part connected
with voluntary motion ? 675-6. See
Phrenology.
Brain of the lower animals, ana¬
tomy of the, III. 30—its size and
proportion to the body in different
animals, 31,163—supposed relation of
intellectuality to the extent of its
surface, ib.—is dispersed over the
body in the lower tribes, ib.—the
greater its relative size, the greater,
in general, the degree of sensibility,
165—of the horse, small, 165—com¬
pared with human, XIV. 195; XVII.
699, 700, 702—of birds, 711—of qua¬
drupeds, II. 707—of the Crustacea,
VII. 498—of insects, IX. 77, 89—of
fishes, XII. 157 ; XVII. 711—of the
dolphin, XIV. 175—of the whale,
191—of the mollusca, XV. 326, 350,
et seq.—of reptiles, XIX. 125—of ser¬
pents, XX. 131—its diseases in the
domestic animals, XXI. 632.
Braintree, town in Essex, V. 181,
Braize, fish, XII. 177.
Brake-harrow, II. 267.
Brakel, in Westphalia, V. 181.
Brama, XII. 180—angling for, III. 146.
Bramah (Joseph), V. 181—his filter,
IX. 581—his patent lock, XIII. 406.
Bramah’s hydrostatic press, XII. 107 ;
II. 114—used in calendering, VI. 19.
Bramante, his architectural designs, III.
426.
Brambanan, in Java, V. 183.
Bramber, in Sussex, V. 183.
Brambling, bird, XVI. 581.
Bramhall (Dr John), V. 184.
Bramins. See Brahmins.
Brampton, V. 184.
Bran, river, falls of, VIII. 282,
Branas, VII. 286.
Branau, in Austria, V. 184.
Branca’s steam-mill, XX. 615.
Brancepeth Castle, VIII. 291.
Branchellion, worm, XI. 226.
Branches of trees, structure of, III. 85
—elongation of, 92—functions of, XXI.
580.
Branchiae of mollusca, XV. 359.
Branchid.*, priests, V. 184.
Branchifera, mollusca, XV. 359.
Branchiobdella, worm, XL 226.
Branchiopoda, Crustacea, VII. 503.
Branchipus stagnalis, VII. 503.
Brand Sunday, V. 184.
Brande (Mr), on the electricity developed
in flame, VIII. 605.
Brandenburg, in Prussia, V. 184—his¬
tory of, XVIII. 670—war with Sweden,
XXL 20, 21.
Brandes (Monsieur), his galvanic expe¬
riments, XXI. 677.
Brandeum, V. 184.
Branding,V. 184; XVIII. 252; XX.725,
Brandon, town in Suffolk, V. 184.
Brandrith, V. 184.
Brandt (Gerard), V. 184.
 (Sebastian), IV. 373, n. 1.
 (Count), VII. 723.
Brandy, V. 185—manufacture of, in
Chili, VI. 532—French, X. 183—Rus¬
sian, XIX. 575—mixture of with wines,
XXI. 900.
Brandywine mills, VII. 682.
Brank, V 185.
BRA—BRE
Bran tome on chivalry, VI. 614—on duels,
616.
Brasida, V. 185.
Brasidas, V. 185—IV. 157.
Brass, V. 185; VI. 416; XVI. 534—
annealing of, III. 197—loss of tenacity
of brass-wire by exposure to acid
fumes or damp air, 197—Corinthian,
V. 186—soldering with, 211—guns of,
VI. 87 ; XI. 67—specific gravity of,
XII. 27—magnetism of, XIII. 708-
coins of, XIV. 473—silvering of, XX.
354.
Brass-colour, V. 187.
Brass-leaf, V. 187.
Brass Town, XVI. 223.
Brassicavit, V. 187.
Brassolis, insect, IX. 242
Braula, insect, IX. 293.
Brauls, or turbans, V. 187.
Braunfels, German town, V. 187.
Braunite, in mineralogy, XV. 163.
Braunsberg, in Prussia, V. 187.
Brauronia, ancient festival, V. 187.
Brawn, V. 187—making of, II. 340.
Braxy, XXI. 624.
Bray (Sir Reginald), V. 187.
 (Dr Thomas), V. 187.
 , Irish town, V. 188.
Brazen Sea, V. 188.
Brazier, V. 188.
Brazil, V. 188 ; II. 640—history of, V
188—physical geography, 197—statis¬
tics, 201—mountains, II. 609—cli¬
mate, 612—aboriginal population, 630
—revolution, 639—botany, V. 82—
tradition of the Deluge, VII. 699—
diamonds, VIII. 3, 4, 5—trade with
France, X. 190—serpents, XX. 137—
weights and measures, XXI. 852—
map of, Vol. V. PI. CXXVII-2.
Brazil-wood, a dye-stuff, VIII. 311—
colouring matter of, VI. 484—specifi
gravity of, XII. 27.
Brazing, V. 211.
Brazlaw, Russian town, V. 211.
Breach, V. 211.
Bread, V. 211—sacramental, 214—as¬
size of, IV. 188, 300—baking of, 294
—different kinds of, 295—leavened
and unleavened, 297—nutritive quali¬
ties of, 299—potato-bread, ib.—rye-
bread, 300—rice-bread, ib.—ginger¬
bread, ib.—London bread, 296, 298,
300—mixture of potatoes with flour
in, 302—adulteration of, XIV. 508.
Bread-fruit, V. 211, 69.
Bread-nut, V. 69—tree, XII. 499.
Breadalbane, V. 214.
Break, V. 214.
Breakers, V. 214.
Breaking-down of horses, XXL 618.
Breakwater, V. 214—of Plymouth,
219 ; XVIII. 64.
Bream, a fish, XII. 177, 198—angling
for, III. 146.
Breast, V. 223.
Breast-bone, human, II. 764—in the
mammalia, III. 3—in birds, 12.
Breast-hooks, in ship-building, V. 223.
Breastplate, V. 224.
Breath, its supposed identity with soul,
XVII. 559.
Breathing. See Respiration.
Brebers. See Berbers.
Brechin, Scottish town, V. 224.
Brecon, or Brecknock, Welsh town, V.
225—canal to Abergavenny, XVI. 9.
Breconshire, or Brecknockshire, in
Wales, V. 225.
Breda, V. 226—treaty of, XL 525.
  (John Van), V. 226.
Bredstedt, a Danish town, V. 226.
Breeches, V. 226.
Breeding of live stock, II. 316, et seq.—
breeding in-and-in, 331.
Breenberg (Bartholomew), V. 226.
Breeze, V. 226.
Breeze-fly, IX. 279.
Bregentz, in the Tyrol, V. 226.
Brehar, a Scilly Island, V. 226.
Brehons, Irish judges, V. 226.
Brehon-laws, V. 226.
INDEX,
27
BRE—BRI
BRI
BRI—BRO
BRO
Breisach, in Baden, V. 226.
Bremen, V. 226—coins of, XV. 409—
weights and measures of, XXI. 852.
Brennage, V. 227.
Brennos, V. 227.
Brentford, in Middlesex, V. 227.
Brentides, insects, IX. 172.
Brentus, insect, IX. 172.
Brerewood (Edward), Y. 227.
Brescia, in Lombardy, V. 227.
Breslau, V. 227—swarm of ants at,
III. 243—battle of, XVIII. 674—uni¬
versity of, 700.
Bressuire, in France, V. 227.
Brest, V. 227—naval storehouses at,
VIII. 80—seasoning of timber at, 231.
Bret, V. 228.
Brethren and Sisters of the Free Spi¬
rit, V. 228—and Clerks of the Com¬
mon Life, ib.—White, ib.
Breton (Cape), V. 228 ; XVI. 287.
Breughel (John), V. 229.
Breunnerite, in mineralogy, XV. 142.
Brevedent (Father de), his travels in
Abyssinia, II. 54.
Breven (Mount), electrical phenomena
on, VIII. 620.
Brevet, V. 229.
Breviary, V. 229.
Breviator, V. 230.
Breviceps, reptile, XIX. 158.
Brevier type, XXI. 436.
Brevipennes,birds, XVI. 615—structure
of, XVII. 712.
Brewer (Anthony), poet, V. 230.
■ (Mr), on nankeen yellow dyeing,
VIII. 325.
Brewing, V. 230—in England, VIII.
778—Irish breweries, XII. 406—Lon¬
don porter-breweries, XIII. 509.
Brewster (Sir David), on apparitions,
III. 303—his burning-sphere, V. 739
—on the spectrum, VI. 633—on pyro¬
electricity, VIII. 572, 596—on elec¬
trical light, 584—on the flash from
Rupert’s drops, 601—aurora-borealis
described by, 623—Ids staktometer,
XII. 25—on capillary attraction, 41—
on the form of drops, 50—his kaleido¬
scope, 662 — on the polarisation of
light, XIII. 333—on two poles of maxi¬
mum cold, 695—on analogy between
magnets and unannealed glass, 706
—on electro-magnetism, 752—on hu¬
man strength, XIV. 427—his micro¬
meter, XV. 12, 17, 20, 25—on lenses,
31, 32—his periscopic sphere, 34—
his microscopes, 40,43, 45—on illumi¬
nation of microscopic objects, 48—on
test-objects, 55—his optical discover¬
ies, XVI. 367,413, 440, 452, et passim
ad 504; XVIII. 242, 2i3—on the spec¬
trum, XVI. 412, 420, 423—on colours
of thin plates, 428; and of double
plates, 447—on the temperature at the
North Pole, XVIII. 223—on the cha¬
racter of Professor Robison, XIX. 306.
Brewsterite, in mineralogy, XV. 152—
specific gravity of, XII. 27.
Brexiacese, in botany, V. 104.
Breynius on the mollusca, XV. 329.
Brianqon, in France, V. 258.
Briansk, in Russia, V. 258.
' Briare, canal of, X. 172 ; XVI. 6.
Briareus, giant, V. 258.
Bribe, V. 258.
Bribery, V. 258—of public officers in
Russia, XIX. 573.
Briciani, V. 258.
Brick, V. 258—its perishable nature,
III. 260—ancient Rome built of, 418
—specific gravity of, XII. 27—Babylo¬
nian bricks, XVIII. 537—brickmak¬
ing, V. 258.
Brick-colour, dyeing of, VIII. 338.
Bricklayer, V. 262.
Bricklaying, V. 262, 664.
Bride, V. 262.
Bridegroom, V. 262.
Bridewell, V. 263—in London, ib.;
XIII. 515.
Bridge, V. 263 — natural bridges in
America, III. 118—Sunderland iron
bridge, 392 ; V. 279 ; XX. 810-wood-
en bridges, VI. 170, 290 — swinging
bridges in Chili, 535—bridges in Eng¬
land, VIII. 764 ; France, X. 173;
Glasgow, X. 544 ; London, XIII. 510
—mode of destroying bridges in war,
IX. 786—bi’idges in gardening, X.
332—arch of, XIV. 299—skew, ib.;
XX. 375 — canal draw and swing
bridges, XVI. 35—Rennie’s bridges,
XIX. 121, 122—Ouseburn bridge at
Newcastle, XX. 377—viaduct, XXI.
638. See Aqueduct, Arch, Centre.
Bridge (suspension), XXI. 7—notices
of those in Peru, II. 625, 627; III. 118
—China, II. 627—Bootan, IV. 793—
Chili, VI. 535—Montrose, XV. 439.
 , in gunnery and music, V. 285.
Bridgend, in Glamorganshire, V. 286.
Bridgenorth, in Shropshire, V. 286.
Bridgetown, in Barbadoes, IV. 359.
Bridgewater, V. 286—iron bridge at,
V. 279—canal to Taunton, XVI. 9.
  (Duke of), his canal, XVI. 9 ;
V. 288 ; VI. 509 ; XIII. 53.
Bridgman’s improvements in gardening
in England, X. 322.
Bridle, V. 286 ; XI. 620.
Bridlington, in Yorkshire, V. 716.
Bridport, in Dorsetshire, V. 286.
Brief, V. 286—Apostolical, ib.
Brieg, in Silesia, V. 286.
Briel, V. 286.
Brienne, battle of, X. 166.
 , (John de), XVI. 757.
Brientz, lake of, XXI. 46.
Briey, in France, V. 286.
Brig, or brigantine, ship, V. 286.
Brigade, V. 286—brigade-major, 287.
Brigadier, V. 287.
Brigandine, V. 287.
Brigantes, XXI. 809.
Brigg, or Glandford Brigg, V. 287.
Briggs, (H.), V. 287—on logarithms,
XIII. 418,419,431; XIV. 316 ; XXL
374—his intercourse with Napier of
Merchiston, XV. 692.
 (William), V. 287.
Brighthelmstone, or Brighton, V. 288.
Brigittins, or Bridgetons, V. 288.
Brignoles, in France, V. 288.
Brill, fish, XII. 220.
Brilliants, V. 288.
Brilon, in Westphalia, V. 288.
Brim, V. 288.
Brindisi, V. 288; XV. 700.
Brindley (James), V. 288—his aque¬
duct at Barton Bridge, III.322—blast¬
ing of tunnels introduced by, IV. 676.
Brine, V. 289—Pans, ib.—Pit, ib.—
Springs, ib. See Salt-springs.
Brine-worm, VII. 503.
Bringing-to, in navigation, V. 289.
Brinjarrees, XI. 397.
Brinvilliers, (Marchioness of), her poi¬
sonings, III. 314.
Brioude, in France, V. 290.
Brisson (Mathurin James), V. 290—
on ornithology, XVI. 548—experi¬
ments of him and Cadet with a burn¬
ing-glass, V. 738.
Brissot (John Peter), V. 291.
 (Peter), V. 290.
Brissotines, X. 71.
Bristol, V. 292—iron bridges at, 279—
taken by Prince Rupert, 324—fire at,
in 1777, 425—election of Burke as
member for, 714—port of, VIII. 763.
—* , in Rhode Island, V. 292.
 -, in Pennsylvania, V. 292.
Bristol Channel, V. 292—canal to
the English Channel, XVI. 13.
Bristow (Captain), his discoveries in
Australasia, IV. 217.
Britain, V. 293—history of, ib.—walls
of Hadrian and Antoninus; see those
heads—observations on the agricul¬
ture of, II. 342—army of, III. 616—
progress of art in, 651—comparative
culture of France, Austria, and, IV.
230—barracks, 405—cultivation of bo¬
tany, V. 82, 91—trade with Buenos
Ayres, 650 ; and with Chili, VI. 533
—date of the revolution of 1688, 655
—coal-trade, VII. 7—collieries, 70—
coal, 71—trade with Columbia, 91 —
penal colonies, 116—passion for en¬
larging the navy to excess, 122—co¬
lonies, 124—commerce, 160—navi¬
gation-laws, 122, 160 — commercial
treaty with France in 1786, 161—ex¬
ports to North America, India, and
the West Indies, ib.—books published
in, 320 — corn-laws and corn-trade,
333—quantity of corn produced and
consumed, 354—American war, 369
— cotton-manufacture, 398, 407 —
cutlery, 567 —Druids, VIII. 203-
expeditions to Egypt in 1798 and
1807, 489, 497—statistics, IX. 412-
fairs, 476—fisheries, 590—Bonaparte’s
plan of invasion of, X. 136—French
trade with, 189,192—commencement
of war of the French revolution, 773
—Indian possessions, XI. 412, etseq. ;
dogs, 697—hunting, 740, 746—coun¬
try gentlemen, 740—variation of the
needle, XIII. 734—cattle, XIV. 166—
stratified rocks, XV. 180—mines, 243
enumerations of population, 523—an¬
cient forests, 572—inland navigation,
XVI. 7—school of painting, 724—
earthquakes, XVII. 512—increase of
population, XVIII. 411—popery, XIX.
316—wars of the Romans in, 402,403,
405, 410, 414—war with Russia, 559
—wall of Severus, XX. 161—naval
pre-eminence, 208—shooting, 300—pe¬
culiarly the land of sportsmen, 302—
timber, 289—trigonometrical survey,
351—weaving, XXI. 8, 23—sheep and
wool, 921 — woollen manufactures,
926. Seethe Chronological Table, VI.
669, et seq.; also England, Scotland.
Britain (New). See New Britain.
Britannicus, V. 585; XIX. 402, 403.
British Museum, XIII. 538—Dr Birch’s
bequests to the, IV. 645—library of
the, XIII. 294.
  and Foreign School Society,
XXI. 529.
Brittleness, V. 585.
Britton Canal, XVI. 9.
 (Mr), his proposal to term Go¬
thic architecture “ Christian, ” III.
421—on pointed architecture, 431,
455, 456.
Brive, in France, V. 585.
Brixen, in the Tyrol, V. 585.
Brixham, V. 585; XXL 338.
Broach, V. 585.
Broad, various meanings of the word,
VIII. 12—broad piece, V. 585.
Broadside, V. 585.
Brocade, V. 585.
Brocatel, V. 585.
Broccoli, V. 585—culture of, XI. 668.
Brochet, fish, XII. 168.
Brock, V. 585.
 — (General), VI. 69.
Brocklesby (Richard), V. 585.
Brod, Hungarian town, V. 586.
Brodeau (John), V. 586.
Brodera, Hindoo town, V. 586.
Brodie (Sir Benjamin), on disease of the
nerves, XVII. 484.
 (Geo.), on the Scottish covenant¬
ing clergy, IV. 287, »i. 1 ; 288—on
Oliver Cromwell, VII. 478—his expo¬
sure of Hume, XL 498.
Brody, in Galicia, V. 587.
Broekhuizen (John), V. 592.
Broke (Sir Robert), V. 587.
Broken-wind in animals, XXL 629.
Broker, V. 587.
Bromberg, V. 587—canal of, IV. 331.
Brome (Alex, and Richard), V. 587.
Bromeliacese, in botany, V. 134.
Bromic acid, VI. 361.
Bromides, VI. 455—of iodine, 362——of
azote, 367—of carbon, 370—of sulphur,
376—of selenium, 378—of phospho¬
rus, 381—of arsenic, 383—of anti¬
mony, 385—of potassium, 393—of glu-
cinum, 399—of iron, 404—of cyano¬
gen, 434.
Bromine, VI. 361—sp. gr. of, XII. 27
—its poisonous quality, XIV. 503.
 acids, VI. 432.
 acid salts, VI. 455.
Bromley (Mr), his theory of the inven¬
tion of sculpture, XX. 1.
 , towns, V. 587, 588.
Bromohydrargyrates, VI. 455.
Bromsgrove, V. 588.
Bromyard, in Herefordshire, V. 588.
Bronchial tubes, II. 821.
Bronchitis, in the domestic animals,
XXL 630.
Brongniart, on elevated marine deposits,
XV. 218—on enamelling of porcelain,
XVIII. 438.
Bronnizy, in Russia, V. 588.
Bronte, in Sicily, V. 588.
Brontium, V. 588.
Brontology, V. 588.
Bronze, V. 588; VI. 416; VII. 311—
antiques of, III. 259 ; V. 590.
Bronzing, V. 588.
Bronzite, XV. 149—sp. gr. of, XII. 27.
Brooch, V. 585.
Brooke (Sir Arthur de Capel), on Lap-
land, XIII. 105, et seq.
  (Captain), on aurora borealis in
Norway, IV. 201.
 (Mr), on the expanding effect of
electricity, VIII. 624.
 (Mrs), actress, V. 590.
Brooke’s steelyard - electrometer, de¬
scription of, VIII. 657.
Brookite, in mineralogy, XV. 161.
Brooklyn, XIII. 554.
Brookville, in Indiana, XII. 266.
Broom, V. 590—dyers’, VIII. 321.
 — (Loch), fishery, XIX. 487.
Broom-flower, order of Knights of the,
V. 590.
Broome (William), English poet, V. 590
—his share in Pope’s version of the
Odyssey, XVIII. 400.
Brooming of a ship, V. 591.
Broos, Hungarian town, V. 591.
Broscus, insect, IX. 125.
Broseley, town in Salop, V. 591.
Brosmius, fish, XII. 219.
Brossard (Sebastian de), V. 591.
Brosses (Charles de), V. 591—on Aus¬
tralasia, IV. 203.
Brotero (Dr F. A.), V. 82.
Brothels, in London, XVIII. 251—in
Paris, 256.
Brother, V. 591.
Brotherhood (Holy), XX. 498.
Brotterode, German town, V. 592.
Brotula, fish, XII. 219.
Brough, in Westmoreland, V. 592.
Brougham (Lord), on the balance of
power, IV. 309, n. 310—his education-
bill in 1821, V. 551—his motion for
law-reform, 573 — on the Earl of
Chatham, XVII. 763—on Mr Pitt,
770—on Sheridan’s political life, XX.
203—his act against the slave-trade,
386—his motion for the abolition of
slavery, 388.
Broughton (Thomas), V. 592.
Broukhusius (James), V. 592.
Brouncker (William, Lord), V. 593 ;
XIV. 318—on the quadrature of the
circle, XX. 555.
Broussais (Monsieur), new medical doe-
trine of, XVII. 485.
Broussonet (Pierre Marie Auguste),
V. 593—his botanical labours, 87.
Brown, in crayon painting, VII. 453.
 , dyeing of, VIII. 331, 343.
 , varieties of, XV. 127.
 (Chas. B.), his novels, XIX. 346.
  (Isaac Hawkins), an English
poet, V. 596.
 (John), founder of the Bruno-
nian theory of physic, V. 597.
 (Dr John), a clergyman of the
Church of England, V. 595.
 (Mr), on the plants of New Hol¬
land, IV. 209.
 (Mr), engraver, IX. 53.
  — (Robert), a schismatic divine,
V. 593, 604.
28
INDEX,
BRO—BRU
Bkown (Robert), on active molecules,
III. 192—his botanical labours, V. 91
—his classification of plants, 94.
■ (Dr Robert), on the distribution
of plants, XVII. 545.
(Robert), founder of the sect of
Independents, XII. 260
■ (Samuel), his atmospherical en
gine, XIV. 437
—— (Simon), V. 596.
 (Thomas), V. 595.
(Dr Thomas), V. 601—his obser¬
vations on Darwin’s Zoonomia, I. 394
—his work on Causation, ib.—early
life and studies of, 395—his character,
ib.—style, 396—poetical talents, 397—
philosophy, ib. et seq,—on apparitions,
III. 304—on Adam Smith’s Theory of
Moral Sentiments, XX. 415.
 (Ulysses Maximilian), V. 594
— (William), poet, V. 595.
 (Sir William), V. 597.
(William Laurence), V. 598.
BRU—BUG
BUG—BUF
Brunelleschi (Filippo), III, 424—his ar¬
chitectural designs, 426.
Brunet.Bonaparte satirized by, VIII. 166
(J. C.), his Bibliographical Ma
Brown’s keyless watch, VI. 800.
Browne (Edward), V. 603.
(Mr), of Dublin, on the Greek
accents, II. 84.
■  (Sir Thomas), V. 603—quoted,
XXI. 1008, n. 6.
■  (William George), V. 603.
Brownie, V. 605.
Brownists, religious sect, V. 604.
Brownrigg (Dr William), V. 605.
Bruccioli (A.), his Italian Bible, IV. 617.
Bruce (Alex.), his attack upon Wodrow,
XXL 911.
■ (C. A.), his Report on the Tea-
nual, IV. 630
Bruniacese, in botany, V. 114.
Brunn, in Moravia, V. 612.
Brunne (Robert de), XIX. 332.
Brunner (J. C.), his anatomical labours,
II. 700.
Bruno (Jordano), V. 612.
Brunoniaceae, in botany, V. 116.
Bruns (Paul James), a decipherer of
palimpsests, XVI. 764.
Brunswick, V. 612 ; X. 485—coins of,
XV. 407, 409—weights and measures
of, XXL 852.
—-——, in Maine, V. 612 ; XIV. 44.
Bruntisiand. See Burntisland.
plantations of Assam, XXL 130.
(Edward), his invasion of Ire¬
land, XII. 356.
■ (James), V. 605—his travels in
Abyssinia, II. 54 -7—published account
of them, XV. 598—on the balsam of
Mecca, IV. 323—on the simoom, VIII.
516 ; XX. 356—on the shepherd-in¬
vaders of Egypt, VIII. 462—on the
formation of the Egyptian Delta, 508
—on the source of the Nile, XVI. 227
—his argument for polygamy, XVIII.
312—on tortoise-shell, XIX. 131—on
lizards, 138—his account of Syene,
XXL 52; and of the ruins of Thebes,
XXL 199.
 (Robert), Lord of Annandale,
XIX. 708.
(King Robert), V. 605 ; XIX.
Brush, V. 612.
Brussels, V. 612—libraries in, XXII.
314—revolutionary troubles in 1830,
XVI. 135.
Brussels-carpets, VI. 172.
Brussels-sprouts, culture of, XL 667.
Brutes, V. 613—Buifon on the faculties
of, I. 177—dreams of, VIII. 187
instincts of, XII. 296—their faculties
compared with those of man, 304-
study of, useful to physicians, XIV.
525—language of, XIII, 60—memory
of, XIV. 618—worship of, in Egypt,
XV. 681—minds and brains of, XVII.
469—physiology and structure of, 699.
See Anatomy (Comparative), Animals,
Brains of the Lower Animals, Ento¬
mology, Ichthyology, Ornithology,&c.
Bruth, V. 617.
Bruton, in Somerset, V. 617.
Brutus, or Brute, a fabulous king of
Britain, V. 617.
(Lucius Junius), V. 618; XIX.
Buchan’s “ Domestic Medicine,” XX*
401.
Buchanan (Archibald), his cotton ma¬
chines, X. 555, 556, 558.
 (David), on the high price of
gold before the recoinage, VII. 38.
(Dr F.), on the inhabitants of
BUF—BUM
Eastern Asia, III. 691—his botanical
labours, V. 78.
• (George), V. 627—character of
his work JJe Jure Regni apud Scotos,
I. 31—Ruddiman’s and Burman’s edi¬
tions of his History of Scotland, V.
718—his Latin version of the Psalms,
XII. 601.
(G.), his pump, XII. 99—his
367.
■ (Marcus), V. 618 ; XIX. 398—
709 ; VIII. 263, 282—Barbour’s poem
op, IV. 369.
Brucluelae, insects, IX, 171.
Bruchsal, in Baden, V. 6Q9,
Brucin, VI. 463.
Brucite, in mineralogy. XV. 158,
Bruce, in Austria, V. 609.
Bruckenau, Bavarian city, V, 6,09.
Brucker (James), V. 609—estimate of
the talents of, I. 283.
BrUckmann on birds, XVI. 548.
Brudzewski, a Polish writer, XVIII. 23.
Brue, river, XX. 4 75.
Brucys (Admiral), V. 485 ; VIII. 489.
Bruges, V. 611—commerce of, VII. 158*
Bruguiere (Monsieur), his system of ani¬
malcules, HI, 186,
Bruin (John de), V. 611.
Bruise, surgical treatment of, XX. 840.
Brumalia, festivals, V. 611.
Brumoy (Peter), V. 611.
Brun (Charles Le), V. 611.
(Pigault Le), character of his
visited by an apparition at Philippi,
III. 296.
Brux, Bohemian city, V. 618.
Bruyere (John de la), V. 618,
Bryant (Sir Francis), V. 618.
 (Rev. H.), on botany, V. 83.
(Jacob), V. 618—on the Con-
novels, XIX. 355.
Brunanburgh, battle of, VIII. 703.
Brundusium, V. 288 ; XV. 700.
Brunehaut, X. 4.
Brunei (Mark Isambard), his block-ma¬
chinery, IV, 704—a diving adventure
of, VIII. 60—his mode of cutting ve¬
neers, XIV. 367—his carbonic acid gas
engine, XIV. 137—his moulds for ste¬
reotyping, XVIJI. 568—his manner of
constructing brick arches, XX. 376—
his tunnel under the Thames, XXI. 407.
—- (J. K.), his construction of the
Great Western Railway, XIX. 51,
fusion of Tongues, VII. 213—on the
Deluge, 691—on mythology, ib.—his
theory of the dispersion of mankind,
VIII. 42—on Homer, XI. 542.
Bryaxis, insect, IX. 187.
Brydone’s account of Mount iEtna, II.
200, et seq.
Bryennius (Manuel), V. 619.
Bryson, geometer, X. 423 ; XX. 552.
Brzezani, in Galicia, V. 619.
Bua, island, V. 619.
Buat (Chevalier de), on hydrodynamics,
XII. 5, 75; XXL 785—on the resist¬
ance of fluids, XIX. 180—on the mo¬
tion of rivers, 258, et seq.
Buat-Nancay (L* G. Count du), V. 619.
Bubalus, African animal, II. 228.
Bubastis, an Egyptian deity, V. 620 •
VIII. 554. ’
Bubo, bird, XVI. 566.
Buc (George), antiquary, V. 620.
Bucaiemu, lake, VI. 524.
BucAneer, V. 620; VIII. 104.
Bucarest, in Wallachia, V. 626.
Buccae loricatte, in ichthyology,XII. 172.
Buccari, in Austria, V. 626.
Buccellarii, V. 626.
Buccellatdm, V. 626.
Buccina, musical instrument, V. 626.
Buccinidae, mollusca, XV. 364.
Buccino, Neapolitan city, V. 626.
Buccinum, in conchology, XV. 316.
Buccleugh (Duke of), his lands in Dum¬
friesshire, VIII, 261.
Bucco, bird, XVI. 598.
Bucentaub, V. 626,
Bucephala, V. 626.
Bucer (Martin), V. 626,
Buceros, bird, XVI. 593.
Buchan, district of, V. 627; II. 29.
(Captain D-), his arctic voyage,
XVIII. 220.
windmill-sails, XIV. 436—his paddle-
wheels, XX. 705.
Bucharest, in Wallachia, V. 626.
Buchen, German city, V. 634.
Buck, in Prussia, V. 634.
Buckden, in Huntingdon, V. 634.
Buckeburg, German city, V. 634.
Buckenham (New), in Norfolk, V. 634.
Buckharia. See Bukharia.
Buckingham, V. 634.
 Palace, London, XIII. 542.
(Dukes of). See Villiers and
Sheffield.
(J. S.), his account of the ruins
of Babylon, IV. 269—Jerusalem, XII.
545, 549, 550—Palestine, XVI. 739, et
seq.—Syria, XXL 59, et seq.
Buckland (Dr), on the Deluge, VII. 702
—on fossil bones, XV. 223—on the du¬
ration of our supply of coal, 224.
Buckle’s (Mr), pneumatic equalizer of
the force of steam-engines, XX. 653.
Buckler, V. 634.
Buckowine, account of the, IV. 227.
Buckram, V. 634.
Bucks, or Buckinghamshire, V. 634.
Buck-thorn, XVII. 787.
Buck-wheat, culture of, II. 296.
Become, V. 635.
Bucovar, in Hungary, V. 635.
Bud and Budding. See Buds.
Buda, in Hungary, V. 636.
Bunmus (William), V. 636—character
and works of, I. 29.
Buddajus (John Francis), V. 636.
Buddha, Hindoo deity, V. 636 ; XV.
678 ; VII. 695, 697—his worshippers
in Ceylon, VI. 304 ; India, XL 399 ;
Siam, XX. 323 ; and Tibet, XXI. 257.
Buddie (Mr), his improved method of
working coal, VII. 83.
Bude canal to Launceston, XVI. 9.
Budgell (Eustace), V. 638.
Budn^ans, heretics, V. 638.
Buds, structure of. III. 89—^formation
of, 90—functions of, XXI. 580—leaf-
buds, III. 93 ; V. 32—flower-buds, III.
96; V. 40—propagation of fruit by
budding, XL 636.
Budsdos, Japanese sect, XII. 514.
Buducshan, IV. 277.
Budun, Ceylonese god, V. 638.
Budweis, in Bohemia, V. 638.
Budytes, birds, XVI. 577.
Budziac Tartary, V. 638.
Buenaire, island, V. 638.
Buenaventura, V. 638.
Buenos Ayres, V. 639 ; II. 642—climate
of, 612—taken by the British in 1807,
V. 523—foundation and history of,
XVIII. 1, et o’eq.—weights and mea¬
sures of, XXL 852.
Buff colour, dyeing of, VIH. 342.
Buffalmaco, painter, XVI. 709.
Buffalo, XIV. 167—African, II. 228.
Buffalo-fish, XII. 179.
Buffet, V. 661.
Buffier (Claude), V. 661—mistake of,
relative to a theory of Descartes, I.
63—coincidence between his train of
thinking and that of some Scottish
metaphysicians, 215 — his style and
ethical doctrine, 342—his theory of
beauty, IV. 486.
Buffon (G. X. le Clerc, Count de), V.
662—on the faculties of man and
brutes, I. 177-8—his character as a
natural historian, II. 142; XIV. 79—
on the soul, III. 159—on original diver¬
sity of species, 161—his definition of
species, ib.—on animalcules, 191—his
theory of the formation of bees’eombs,
IV. 526—his burning mirrors and
lenses, V. 729, 736, 737; XX. 21—his
connection with Daubenton, VII. 633
on the horse, XI. 566 — his work
on the natural history of animals,
XIV. 79—on the varieties of the hu¬
man species, 199—on birds, XVI. 549,
595, 600, 626—Smellie’s translation of
his Natural History, XX. 402 —his
experiments on the strength of wooden
colums, 773—on the origin of intesti¬
nal worms, XXI. 992.
Buffoon, V. 662.
Bufo, reptile, XIX. 156.
Bug, XI. 195—mode of destroying bugs,
XII. 293 ; XXL 603—harvest-bug,
III. 369.
Buggers, V. 662.
Buggesses, VI. 270.
Bugia, in Africa, V. 662.
Bugie, town in Egypt, V. 662.
Bugis, or Buggis, of Celebes, III. 693 ;
IV. 773—their commerce, III. 701.
Buhle (M.), on Kant’s Critique of Pure
Reason, I. 190—on Kant’s argument
for free agency, 197—his History of
Modern Philosophy, 283.
Builder, V. 663.
Building, V. 663 — transmission of
sound by stone, II. 113—deadening of
sounds in rooms, 118—calc-tuff as a
building-stone, V. 787—Purbeck and
Portland stones, VIII. 120—expansion
of stone by heat, XI. 188—strength
of different kinds of wood, XX. 757,
759, 760, et seq.; and of stone, 759—
building of viaducts, XXI. 639. See
Architecture, Carpentry, Joinery,
Masonry, Brick, Stone, Timber.
Buildwas, iron bridge at, V. 279.
Builth, in Brecon, V. 696.
Bukharia, V. 696 ; XXI. 83—commerce
of, III. 699—language of, XIII. 91.
(little), V. 700.
Bul, Hebrew month, V. 700.
Bulah, Egyptian village, V. 700.
Bulam, or Bulama, IV. 653.
Bularchus, painter, V. 700.
Bulb, V. 700.
Bulboceras, insect, IX. 155.
Bulbus, a kind of bud. III. 90.
Buleutaj, V. 700.
Bulfinch, XVI. 581.
Bulfinger on the strength of beams,
XX. 765.
Bulgaria, V. 700—coast and ports of,
IV. 660.
Bulgarians, their wars with the Romani
emperors, VII. 282—in Greece, X. 738.
Bulimus, in conchology, XV. 348
Bulk, or Balk, IV. 318.
of a ship, V. 701
Bulk-heads of a ship, V. 701.
Bulkau, in Austria, V. 701.
Bull, XIV. 160: II. 322—management
of bulls, 325—origin of the sign of the
Bull and Mouth, III. 308.
 > (Dr John), V. 701.
 -, (George), bishop, V. 702.
 —, ecclesiastical letter, V. 702—in
Coena Domini, ib.—Golden, ib.—Sil¬
ver, ib.—Leaden, ib.—Waxen, ib.
Bull-fighting, V. 702—in Bootan, IV.
794.
Bulla, mollusca, XV. 346, 362.
Bull;e, V. 702.
Bullet, XL 42.
Bulleyn, (William), V. 703.
Bull head, fish, XII. 173.
Bullialdus, (Ismael), V. 703—on astro¬
nomy, I. 495.
Bullinger (Henry), V. 703.
Bullion, V. 703—Ricardo on, XIX. 230.
Bulmer, a printer, XVIII. 555.
Bulwer, (Sir E. L.), his act to amend
the laws relating to dramatic literary
property, XXL 194.
Bumm, a Persian city, V. 703.
INDEX
29
bun—BUR
Bunce’s pile-engine, XIV. 468.
Bunde, in Prussia, V. 703.
Bundelcund, V. 703.
Bundeb, in Persia, V. 706.
Bundoolah, V. 567.
BunEe (Peter), V. 706,
Bungarus, serpent, XX. 147.
Bungay, a town in Suffolk, V. 706.
Bunker’s Hill, battle of, V. 402.
Bunnass, river, V. 706.
Bunt’s tide-gauge, XXI. 286.
Bunting, bird, XVI. 580.
Buntingfokd, in Hertford, V. 706.
Bcntwalla, Hindoo town, V. 706,
Bunwoot, island, V. 707. '
Bunyan (John), V. 707.
Bunzlau, V. 706.
Buonaparte. See Bonaparte.
Buoy, V. 707.
Bupalus, Greek sculptor, V. 707.
Buphaga, birds, XVII. 582.
Buphonia, Athenian feast, V. 707.
Buprestides, insects, IX. 138.
Buprestis, insect, IX. 139.
Burats of Siberia, XX. 327.
Burchell on the zebra, XIV. 154.
Bubckhabdt (John Ludwig), V. 707 ;
VIII. 529. n. 2—his account of Ara¬
bia, III. 324, et seq.—his discoveries
in Egypt and Nubia, VIII. 558, 559
—his account of Syria, XXL 59, et seq.
Burden, in music, V. 708.
   of a ship, V. 708.
Burdett, executed at Tyburn, VIII. 737.
—  (Sir F.), his committal to the
Tower, V. 529—his bill in 1825 for
the relief of the Catholics, 563—his
motion on that subject in 1828, 573.
Burden (Rowland), his iron bridge at
Sunderland, III. 392 5 V. 279.
Buedwan, in Hindostan, V. 708.
Bure (He), on bibliography, IV. 629.
• , river in Norfolk, XVI. 246—its
navigation, 9.
Bueen, in Westphalia, V. 708.
Bubfoed, in Oxfordshire, V. 708.
Buegage, V. 708—tenure, 709.
Bukgau, Bavarian city, V. 709.
Buegebeach, Bavarian town, V. 709
Buegee (G. A.), V. 709 ; XIX. 682.
Buegess, V. 710.
Bueggeave, V. 711.
Burgh, or Dun, VIII. 267.
 , in Lincolnshire, V. 711.
——, in Norfolk, Roman castle at,
XX. 790.
Burghs, Scotch, XIX. 758.
Bueghpote, V. 711.
Bueghbbeche, V. 711.
Burghers, XIX. 764 ; XX. 64.
Burghley (Lord), VI. 268—his deformi¬
ty, VII. 674—his conduct towards
Lord Bacon, XXI. 606.
Bueghmote, V. 711.
Bueglaey, V. 711.
Buegeengenfeed, V. 711.
Bubgokasteb, V. 711.
Bubgos, in Spain, V. 711—Wellington’s
attack on, 533.
 (Lucas de), on algebra, II. 422.
Burgoyne (General), V. 387, 397, 404—
favourable result of inquiry into his
conduct in America, 408—his advice
.to end the American war, 418.
Burgundians, V. 154.
Buegundiones, V. 711.
Burgundy, V. 711—canal of, XVI. 6—
wines of, XXI. 902.
Buehampoor, V. 711.
Buni (Cassandra), VIII. 609.
Bueial, V. 712—proportion of burials
in England to the population, VIII.
800—registration of, XIX. 98—burial-
places, V. 278, 746; XIV. 512—bury¬
ing alive, V. 746—coffins, VII. 19.
Bueias, island, V. 712.
Bueiats, Tartars, V. 712.
Bukidan (John), V. 712.
Burke (Edmund), V. 712—his patron¬
age of Barry, IV. 411; and of Crabbe,
VII. 439—his theory of beauty, IV.
485—his plan for introducing public
economy, V. 410—speech on the Ame-
BUR
rican war, 418—attack on Sir Elijah
Impey, 435 ; and Warren Hastings,
I 440, 444, 450—on the French revolu¬
tion, 456, 458 ; XIII. 655—-on the
corporation and test acts, V. 457—on
the Canada bill,ylSS—his quarrel with
Mr Fox, ib.—Dr Brocklesby’s kind¬
ness to, 586—his corn-act, VII. 339—
on our extended knowledge of human
nature, XIII. 167—on municipal law,
173, 175—eloquence of, XIX. 220.
Burkitt (William), V. 716.
Burleigh (Lord). See Burghley.
— Moor, meridian of, XXI. 359.
Bureesque, V. 716 ; XIX. 239.
Burlington, V. 716.
  (Earl of ), his merits as an ar¬
chitect, III. 429.
Burman (Peter), V. 716—his edition of
Buchanan’s works, 633.
Burman Empire, IV. 240—war with the
East India Company in 1824, V. 567;
XL 440 — wars with the Peguans,
XVII. 172—weights and measures of,
XXL 852—map of, Vol. XII. Plate
CCCVII-2.
Burmann’s “ Flora Indica,” V. 78,
Burmanniese, in botany, V. 133.
Burn river navigation, XVI. 15.
Burnes (Dr), his visit to Hydrabad, XX.
363-5.
 (Mr), on the Indus, XII. 270.
Buenet (Gilbert), bishop of Salisbury,
V. 722—on Buchanan’s History, 633
— on the characters of Lord Stair,
VII. 600 ; William find John Forbes,
IX. 738, 739 ; and Bishop Leighton,
XIII. 212, et seq.
■ (James), Lord Monboddo, V. 724
—on the origin of language, II. 539 ;
XIII. 61—Gilbert Stuart’s abuse of,
XX. 781.
 (Thomas), V. 721—his theory of
the earth, VII. 455—on the Deluge,
VII. 699.
Burnett (Prof.), on the changes produc¬
ed by growing plants on air, XXI. 579.
 (Sir Wm.), his plan for the pre¬
vention of dry-rot, XX. 274.
Burney (Miss), her novels, XIX. 346.
Buenham, in Norfolk, V. 724.
Burning, V. 724—of the dead, ib.—
crime of, XII. 257.
Burning-glasses, V. 725 ; XL 195.
Buenisher, V. 740—engravers’, IX. 47.
Burnishing, V. 740.
Bubneey, in Lancashire, V. 740.
Burns (Robert), V. 740—Currie’s Life
of, VII. 556—poetry of, XVIII. 173.
 (R.), his bucket-wheel, XXI. 801
—his contrivance for fixing the arms
of water-wheels, 809.
Buentisland, V. 744—ferry, IX. 767.
Bueramootee, V. 745.
Bueeampooter, river, V. 175.
Burren Sunker, XL 402.
Burrough (Stephen), his voyage of dis¬
covery, XVIII. 216.
Burrow (Sir James), V. 745.
 (R.), on Indian algebra, II. 425.
Burrowing Serpents, XX. 138.
Burrows (Dr), on insanity, XIV. 578.
 (Robert), on the culture of car¬
rots, II. 289.
Bursa, Turkish city, V. 745.
 , in veterinary science, XXL 616
—diseased, ib.
Bursae, V. 745.
Bursaria, V. 745.
 , animalcules, III, 188.
Burse, V. 745.
Burseraceae, in botany, V. 106.
Bursill’s weighing-machine, XXL 839.
Bueslem, town in Staffordshire, V. 745
—potteries at, XVIII. 500.
Bur-stones, rock of the Abbey Craig
near Stirling a substitute for, VI. 721.
Burton (Robert), V. 745.
 (John), V. 746.
Bueton-upon-Teent, V. 746.
Bury, V. 746—Manchester, Bolton, and
Bury canal, XVI. 16.
 > niver, navigation of, XVI. 9.
BUR—BUX
Buey St Edmunds, V. 746.
Burying and Burying-places. See Burla..
Busaco, battle of, V. 529.
Busbec (Auger Gislen, Lord of), V. 746.
Busby (Dr Richard), V. 747.
Buschetto, Greek architect, XVI. 707.
Busching (Anthony Frederick), V.747.
Buscovich, on achromatic glasses, II.
104—on the geometric properties of
bees’ combs, IV. 526—on the orbits
of comets, VII. 138.
BusEO,in Wallachia, V. 748.
Bush (Paul), V. 748.
Busheab, island, V. 748.
Bushel, standard, XXI. 846.
Bushiee, V. 748—trade of, XVII. 246.
Bushmen, V. 23.
Bushnell’s machine for blowing up ves¬
sels, VIII. 63.
Busiris, Egyptian city, V. 748.
 , Egyptian deity, VIII. 554.
Busk, Austrian city, V. 748.
Buskin, V. 748 ; VIII. 145, 147.
Buss, a small ship, V. 748.
Bussolengo, V. 748.
Bussoea, V. 748—commerce of, XI. 387.
Bussy (Monsieur), XL 414.
Bust, or Busto, V. 749.
Bustamente, XIV. 793.
Bustamite, specific gravity of, XII. 27.
Bustar, Hindoo town, V. 749.
Bustard, in ornithology, XVI. 617 —
shooting of, XX. 314.
Bustaed-Bay, V. 749.
Bustuaeii, gladiators, V. 749.
Bustum, V. 749.
Busvagon, island, V. 750.
Butcher, V. 750—mode of killing ani¬
mals, IX. 722.
Butcher-bird, XVI. 568.
Bute (Earl of), his resignation as first
Lord of the Treasury, V. 388.
 ship-canal at Cardiff, XVI. 9.
Buteo, bird, XVI. 564.
Buteshire, V. 750.
Buthus, genus of arachnides, III. 365.
Butirinus, fish, XII. 216.
Butler, V. 753.
—  family in Ireland, XII. 360.
 (Chaeles), V. 753.
—  (Joseph), bishop of Durham, V.
753; XX. 69—on personal identity,
I. 217—notice of his life, 343—his
“Analogy,” ib.; II. 682—his ethical
principles and Discourses, I. 343-7—
his style very defective, 347—on anger,
III. 127 — compared with Jonathan
Edwards, VIII. 455—on personal iden¬
tity, XIV. 680.
 (Samuel), V. 753—poetry of,
XVIII. 171.
— • ■ ■— (Mr), on the Pope’s supremacy,
XL 496.
Buto, Egyptian god, VIII. 553; XL 321.
Butomeoe, in botany, V. 136.
Butt, and Butts, V. 753-4.
Butter, V. 754 ; VI. 498—curing of,
IX. 733—of Cambridgeshire, VI. 34
—specific gravity of, XII. 27—butter-
dairies, VII. 590—whey-buttcr, 592.
Butterby, near Durham, salt springs at,
VIII. 290.
Butterflies, IX. 240.
Butteris, V. 754.
Butterly iron - works, in Derbyshire,
hot-blast at, XX. 409.
Buttock of a ship, V. 754.
Button, V. 754.
  (Sir Thomas), exploratory voy¬
ages of, XVIII. 218.
Button’s Bay, V. 754.
Buttool, in Hindostan, V. 754.
Buttress, V. 754—in pointed architec¬
ture, III. 463, 465.
Buttstadt, German city, V. 754.
Butyric acid, VI. 430.
Butyrine, VI. 443.
Butzow, German city, V. 754.
Buxae, Hindoo town, V. 754.
Buxtehude, in Hanover, V. 754.
Buxton, V. 755—springs, VII. 736.
  (Jedediah), a celebrated men¬
tal calculator, V. 754.
BUX—CAC
Buxton (Sir Thomas F.), on prison-diet,
VIII. 22—on the slave-trade, XX. 386.
Buxtorf (John), senior, V. 755—his
Hebrew Bible, IV. 614.
 (John), junior, V. 755.
Buying, V. 755.
Buzot, Spanish town, V. 755.
Buzzard, XVI. 564.
Buzzi (Mons.), on albinos, II. 383.
Byblus, mysteries of Osiris at, XV. 664.
Bygohbary, XV. 651.
Bylot (Robert), exploratory voyages of,
XVIII. 218.
Byng (George), Lord Viscount Torring-
ton, V. 755—his capture of the Spa¬
nish fleet, V. 376.
  (the Hon. Geo.), V. 756—his
alleged misconduct at Minorca, and
execution, 384.
Byrge (Juste), on logarithms, XIII. 418.
Byeom (John), V. 756.
Byron (Commodore), V. 391, 405—his
visit to the Ladrone and Georgian
Islands, VIII. 317.
 (Geo. Gordon, Loed), V. 756—
his “ Manfred,” VIII. 178—his aid to
the Greeks, X. 749 — his poetry,
XVIII. 144, 173.
Byron’s Island, V. 761.
Byrrhii, insects, IX. 149.
Byrrhus, insect, IX. 149.
Byrsa, VI. 183—its submission to the
Romans, VI. 206.
Byssus, V. 761; XV. 366.
 flos aqute, III. 187.
Byttneriaceaj, in botany, V. 100.
Byturus, insect, IX. 148.
Byzantium, V. 761—its name altered,
XIX. 416.
Bzovius (Abraham), V. 761.
c
C, letter of the alphabet, V. 762.
Caaba, or Caabah, V. 762.
Caana, a town in Egypt, V. 762.
Cab, Hebrew measure, V. 762.
Cabal (the), V. 762, 346.
Caballaeia, V. 762.
Caballeros, V. 762.
Caballine, V. 762.
Cabanis (P. J. G.), V. 762—on physical
influences affecting the mind, VIII.
440, 441, 443.
Cabbage, culture of, II. 290 ; XL 667.
Cabbala, V. 764.
Cabbalists, V. 765.
Cabeca, or Cabess, V. 765.
Cabello, in Venezuela, V. 765
Cabenda, V. 765; III. 153.
Cabetes, V. 189.
Cabeza de Buey, V. 765.
Cabezzo. See Angola.
Cabidos, or Cavidos, V. 765.
Cabin, V. 765.
Cabinet, V. 765.
Cabinet-making, XII. 606.
Cabiou, V. 68.
Cabiri and Cabieia, V. 765.
Cables, V. 765—chain, XII. 438, 443;
XX. 55.
Cabling, in architecture, III. 465.
Cabot (John), XVI. 162.
 (Sebastian), V. 765; VII. 133;
XVII. 57—his expedition to La Plata,
XVIII. 1—discovery of Newfoundland
by, 216.
Cabea, African town, V. 767.
Cabral, (Alvarez), X. 308, 399—his dis¬
covery of Brazil, V. 188.
Cabrera, Spanish island, V. 767.
 (General), XX. 513-14.
Cabul, or Caubul, V. 767 ; XL PI. 286.
Cabyna, island, V. 767.
Cacao, its culture in Mexico, XIV. 801
—sp. gr. of cacao butter, XII. 27.
Cacavone, Italian town, V. 767.
Caccamo, Sicilian city, V. 767.
Caccini, XXI. 252.
Caceres, Spanish town, V. 768.
Cachalong, a mineral, V. 768; XV. 157.
30
CAC—CAH
Cachao, Y. 768—(St), XX. 94.
Cachar, V. 768.
Cachias, in Brazil, XIV. 241.
Cachibou, specific gravity of, XII. 27.
Cacholong, a mineral, V. 7685 XY. 157.
Cachunde, V. 768.
Cacophonia, V. 768.
Cactese, in botany, V. 113.
Cactus, IV. 748.
Cacus, V. 768.
Cadalen, French town, V. 768.
Cadaki, V. 768.
Cadastre, X. 209.
Cade (Jack), VIII. 734 5 XIII. 487.
Cadence, V. 768.
Cadenet, French city, V. 768.
Cadeuousse, French city, V. 768.
Cadet, V. 768, 769.
Cadet and Brisson, their experiments
with a burning-glass, V. 738.
Cadi, V. 769—in Egypt, VIII. 521.
Cadilescher, V. 769.
Cadilac, French city, V. 769.
Cadiz, V. 769—Drake’s expedition to,
VIII. 757—taken by the English in
1596,758—their attempt upon it in
1702, V. 368.
Cadizadelites, V. 769.
Cadmean Letters, V. 770; XVII. 395.
Cadmium, V. 770; VI. 410—salts of ox¬
ide of, 450—sp. gr. of, XII. 27.
Cadmus, V. 770; XV. 665—letters in¬
troduced into Greece by, XVII. 395,
429—Thebes founded by, XXL 194.
• of Miletus, V. 770.
Cadoual (George), X. 129.
Cadrites, V. 770.
Cadsand, island, V. 770.
Caduceus, V. 770.
Cadcs, V. 770.
Cadush, V. 770.
Cadutinada, in Hindostan, V. 770.
Csecilia, serpents, XX. 154.
Cselian hill, XIX. 424, 426.
Caslius (Aurelianus), V. 770.
Caen, French city, V. 771.
Csenurus, zoophyte, XXI. 995.
Ca:re, in Etruria, V. 771.
Caerleon, in Monmouthshire, V. 771.
Caermarthen, V. 771.
Caermarthenshire, V. 771.
Caernarvon, V. 772.
Caernarvonshire, V. 772—embank¬
ments in, VIII. 677, 680.
Caerwys, in Flintshire, V. 774.
Cjesalpinus (Andrew), V. 774 ; XVII.
727—on botany, V. 71.
C*sar (Julius;, V. 775; XIX. 395, et
seq.; XI. 478—his triumph over the
Roman nobility, I. 305—his invasion
of Britain, V. 297—his reform of the
calendar, VI. 5—Dr Clarke’s edition
of nis Commentaries, VI. 729—his
expedition to Egypt, VIII. 475—his as¬
sumption of sovereignty, XIV. 463—
his conduct in Africa, XVI. 308—his
expedition against Pharnaces, XVIII,
361—the Helvetii defeated by, XXI.
42—death of, XIX. 398.
■ , title of, V. 775.
 (Sir Julius), V. 776.
CiESAREA, an ancient city in Palestine,
V. 776 ; XVI. 742.
Cesarians, V. 776.
C.ESARONES, V. 776.
C^stus, V. 776.
Caesura, V. 776.
CETERIS PARIBUS, V. 776.
Caffa, V. 776 ; IV. 661; VII. 473-
commerce of, IV. 661.
Caffila, V. 776.
Caffraria, XII. 659.
Caffres, an African tribe, II. 226, 233—
their language, XIII. 94.
Caganus, or Cacanus, V. 776.
Cagayan Sooloo, V. 776.
Cage, V. 776.
Caggiano, Italian city, V. 776.
Cagliari, Sardinian city, V. 776.
 (Capo di), V. 777.
  (Paolo), V. 777.
Cagnano, Neapolitan town, V. 777.
Cahokia, in Illinois, XII. 248.
INDEX.
CAH—CAL
Cahorra, volcano of, VI. 74.
Cahors, in France, V. 777.
Cahusac, French town, V. 777.
Caifong. See China.
Caillac, in France, V. 777.
Caille (N. L. de la), V. 777—measure¬
ment of degrees of latitude by, I. 658.
Cailleau on anonymous books, IV. 628
—his Bibliographical Dictionary, 630.
Cailliaud (Monsieur), ancient Egyptian
city discovered hy, VIII. 560.
Caimacan, V. 778.
Caiman Islands, V. 778.
Cain, son of Adam, V. 778.
Cainites, sect of heretics, V. 778.
Caiphas, Jewish high-priest, V. 777.
Cairina, bird, XVI. 637.
Cairns, or barrows, V. 778 ; IV. 409.
Cairngorums, II. 29.
Cairo, V. 779 ; II. 230 ; VIII. 519—
captured by the British in 1801, V.
505—besieged by the Crusaders, VIII.
480—towns in Italy so named, V. 779.
Cairoan, African city, V. 780; II. 235.
Caisse d’escompte, X. 39.
Caisson, V. 780.
Caistor, V. 780—canal, XVI. 8.
Caithness, V. 780-—^fisheries, IX. 601.
Caius, Institutes of, VI. 712, 715, 716.
 (Dr John), V. 782.
Cajare, French town, V. 782.
Cajazzo, Neapolitan city, V. 782.
Cajetan (Cardinal), V. 782.
Cajuput oil, V. 782.
Cake, V. 782.
Caking-coal, VI. 444.
Calabash, V. 783.
Calabozzo, temperature at, II. 612.
Calabria, V. 783—British expedition
to, in 1806, V. 523—earthquakes in,
XVII. 511.
Calabritto, Italian city, V. 783.
Calahorra, Spanish town, V. 783.
Calais, V. 783—tournament at, VI.
608—taken by the English VIII. 728
—regained by the French, 755.
 (Pas de), V. 783.
 (St), in France, V. 783.
Calaite, in mineralogy, XV. 154.
Calamanco, V. 783.
Calamaria, serpents, XX. 138.
Calamianes, islands, V. 783.
Calamine, V. 784; XV. 142—mines
of, in Derbyshire, VII. 735—pyro-elec¬
tricity of, VIII. 598—specific gravity
of, XII. 27, 28.
Catamite, in mineralogy, XV. 154.
Calamity, pleasure from contemplating
scenes of, VIII. 54.
Calamota, island, V. 784.
Calamus, V. 784.
Calamy (Edmund), V. 784.
Calandra, insect, IX. 174.
Calandrini, the first improver of the
Newtonian theory of the moon, I. 663.
Calandrinia, in botany, V. 63.
Calanore, Hindoo town, V. 784.
Calao, bird, XVI. 593.
Calappa, Crustacea, VII. 501.
Galas (John), V. 784.
Calascibetta, in Sicily, V. 785.
Calash, V. 785.
Calasio (Marius), V. 785—his Concord¬
ance of the Bible, VII. 196.
Calasiris, V. 785.
Calatafini, in Sicily, V. 785.
Calatanisetta, V. 785.
Calatayud, in Spain, V. 785.
Calathus, V. 785—insect, IX. 126.
Calator, V. 785.
Calatrava, V. 785—Knights of, ib.
Calatvotura, V. 786.
Calauria, island, V. 785.
Calayan, island, V. 786.
Calcagni (Dr), on the mortality in Paler¬
mo, XV. 538.
Calcar (John de), V. 786.
Calcareous Spar, V. 786—its crystal¬
lization, VII. 512, et seq.
 ball in animals, XXI. 626.
Calcearium, V. 786.
Calcedon, VI. 307.
Calcedony, V. 786; XV. 157.
CAL
Calceola, in conchology, XV. 344.
Calchas, V. 787.
Calcinato, Italian town, V. 787.
Calcium, VI. 396.
Calc-sinter, V. 787.
Calc-tuff, V. 787.
Calculating-machines, XIV. 354.
Calculation, Grecian and Roman me¬
thods of, II. 5-6.
Calculus, V. 787.
 (urinary), VI. 501; XVII. 479—
sp. gr. of, XII. 28—in the domestic
animals, XXI. 628—cure of calculous
diseases, XX. 841. See Lithotomy.
 , in mathematics, V. 787—James
Bernouilli on the, IV. 591. See Flux¬
ions and Geometry (New)—Differen¬
tial, V. 787 ; see Differential and Ge¬
ometry (New)—of Partial Differences,
787—of Exponentials, ib.—of Func¬
tions, ib.—of Finite Differences, ib.—
of Derivations, ib.—of Probabilities,
ib.—of Sines, ib.; II. 485—Integral,
XIV. 323—of Variations, V. 787 ;
XXL 557—Minerva;, V. 788.
Calcutta, V. 788—botanic garden of,
V. 77, n. 2—cotton-mill at, VII. 397
—Black Hole of, XI. 415, 732.
Caldarium, V. 792.
Calder, river, its navigation, XVI. 7—
and Hebble navigation, XVI. 9.
Calderinus, V. 792.
Calderon de la Barca, V. 792.
Calderwood (David), V. 792.
Caldew, river, VII. 536.
Caldiero, in Lombardy, VI. 1.
Caldron, or Cauldron, VI. 1.
Caldwall (Richard), VI. 1.
Caledonia, VI. 1.
Caledonian Canal, XVI. 9; XIX. 750.
Caledonians, VI. 1; XIX. 695, 696—
Agricola’s wars with the, V. 300;
XIX. 405, 406, 695.
Calefaction, VI. 2.
Calella, Spanish town, VI. 2.
Calenberg, in Hanover, VI. 2.
Calendar, VI. 3—Mexican, II. 623, 634
—Burmese, IV. 245—Hindoo, VI. 263
—Druidical, VIII. 206 — Egyptian,
554—French revolutionary, X. 84—
gardener’s, XI. 687—why not reform¬
ed in Russia, XIX. 585—errors from
confounding civil and ecclesiastical
years, XVIII. 391, n. See Chrono¬
logy, Day, Month, Year.
Calender, VI. 17—calendering of cot¬
ton by bleachers, IV. 688.
 of Monteith, VI. 21.
Calenders (Mahommedan), VI. 21.
Calends, VI. 4.
Calendulin, VI. 478.
Calentius (Elisias), VI. 21.
Calenture, VI. 21.
Calenzana, Corsican city, VI. 21.
Calepin (Ambrosius), VI. 21.
Calf, VI. 21—management of calves, II.
326—fatting of, VII. 592.
 (Golden), VI. 21.
Cali, town in Popayan, VI. 21.
Calian, Hindoo town, VI. 21.
Caliban, character of, XX. 187, n. 2.
Caliber, VI. 22—compasses—rule, ib.
Calico, VI. 22 — manufacture of, in
Bengal, IV. 567—cotton calicoes, VII.
407.
Calico-Printing, VIII. 338; XVIII.
537.
Calicoote, in Hindostan, VI. 22.
Calicut, in Hindostan, VI. 22.
Caliduct, VI. 22.
California, VI. 22; XIV. 820—cli¬
mate of, II. 610—probable descent of
the natives of, 634.
Caliga, VI. 23.
Caligati, VI. 23.
Caligawn, in Hindostan, VI. 23.
Caligula, Roman emperor, VI. 23-
reign of, XIX. 401—his expedition to
Britain, V. 298—his persecution of
the Jews, XII. 573.
Caliph, VI. 23.
Caliphate, VI. 24.
Calippic period, VI. 24, 657.
CAL
Calippus, XXI. 56—his astronomy, III,
729—his correction of the Me tonic
cycle, VI. 7.
Calista, VI. 24.
Calitri, Italian town, VI. 24.
Calixtins, VI. 24.
Call, VI. 24.
Callac, French town, VI. 24.
Callacand, VI. 24.
Callan, Irish town, VI. 24.
 (Rev. N. J.), his huge electro*
magnet, XXI. 686.
Callander, in Perthshire, VI. 24.
Callao, town in Peru, VI. 24.
 , or Campello, VI. 25.
Call as, French city, VI. 25.
Callatabellota, in Sicily, VI. 25.
Callavayas, IV. 753.
Callet’s Tables portatives des Logar-
ithmes, XIII. 420.
Callian, French town, VI. 25.
Calliani, in Hindostan, VI. 25.
Callicera, insect, IX. 272.
Callichroma, insect, IX. 178.
Callicrates, sculptor, VI. 25.
Callidium, insect, IX. 179.
Calligraphy, VI. 25.
Callimachus, architect, VI. 25.
 , poet, VI. 25—his quarrel with
Appollonius the Rhodian, III. 290.
Callimorpha, insect, IX. 248.
Callingapatam, VI. 25.
Callinger, VI. 25 ; V. 704, 706.
Calling, Italian town, VI. 26.
Callinus, Greek poet, VI. 26.
Calliondrog, VI. 26.
Callionymus, fish, XII. 194.
Calliope, VI. 26 ; XV. 603.
Callip^dia, VI. 26.
Calliper, VI. 22.
Callirhipis, insect, IX. 140.
Callirrhoe, fountain, VI. 26.
Callistea, Lesbian festival, VI. 26.
Callisthenes, VI. 26.
Callistratus, VI. 26.
Callithrix, an animal, XIV. 92.
Callitrichese, in botany, V. 110,
Caliomyia, insects, IX. 276.
Callorhynchus, fish, XII. 230.
Callot (James), engraver, VI. 26.
Callow, VI. 26.
Callvizzano, in Italy, VI. 26.
Callygong Hills, VI. 26.
Calm, VI. 26—latitudes, ib.
Calmar, in Sweden, VI. 26; IV. 327-
compact of, VII. 721.
Calmet (Augustine), VI. 26.
Calmont, French town, VI. 26.
Calmuc skull, II. 784.
Calne, town in Wiltshire, VI. 26.
Calobata, insects, IX. 287,
Calogeri, monks, VI. 27.
Calomel, VI. 417.
Calonne (Mons. de), X. 40.
Caloptrophorus, bird, XVI. 625.
Calopus, insect, IX. 167.
Caloric, XI. 180. See Heat.
Calorimeter, XX. 600.
Calorimotor, Dr Hare’s, XXI. 672,
Calosa, Spanish town, VI. 27.
Calosoma, insects, IX. 132.
Calotes, reptile, XIX. 143.
Calotte, VI. 27.
Calowz, in Hindostan, VI. 27.
Calpe, VI. 27.
Calpurnius Flamma, VI. 191.
   (Titus), Latin poet, VI. 27.
Caltagirone, Sicilian city, VI. 27.
Caltura, in Ceylon, VI. 27.
Calumet, VI. 29.
Calumny, VI. 29—oath of, ib.
Caluso, Italian town, VI. 27.
Calvados, in France, VI. 27.
Calvart (Denis), VI. 27.
Calvary, VI. 27 ; XII. 547, 549.
Calvert (Geo.), Lord Baltimore, VI. 27.
Calvi, VI. 28—siege of, XVI. 84.
Calvin (John), VI. 28; XIX. 94—his
disregard of the authority of Aristotle,
I. 16—on usury, 233—his controver¬
sies with Servetus, XX. 157.
Calvinism, V. 29 — Predestination,
XVIII. 515—original sin, &c., XXL
INDEX
31
CAL-CAM
219, et seq.—opinions of the early
Calvinists respecting the Lord’s Sup¬
per, XX. 816—Crypto-Calvinists, VI.
29.
Calvisius (Seth), VI. 29.
Calvisson, French city, VI. 29.
Calvds (C. L.), Roman orator, VI. 29.
Calx, VI. 29.
Calybites, VI. 29.
Calycantheae, in botany, V. 108.
Calycerese, in botany, V. 116.
Calyciflorae, in botany, V. 41.
Calycist®, VI. 29.
Calydon, in iEtotia, VI. 29.
Calypso, VI. 29.
Calyptorhynchus, bird, XVI. 603.
Calyptra, in botany, V. 55.
Calyptraea, in conchology, XV. 349.
Calyx, VI. 30; 111.95, 96; V. 39, 42.
Cam, VI. 33—its navigation, XVI. 10.
 , in mechanics, XIV. 447, 448.
Camaieu, VI. 30.
Camaldulians, VI. 30.
Camalodcnum, VI. 30.
Camana, in Peru, VI. 30.
Camandoo, VI. 30.
Camapuam, river, XIX. 245.
Camapuania, in Brazil, XIV. 325.
Camakana, island, VI. 30.
Camarota, insects, IX. 288.
Camassei (Andrea), painter, VI. 30.
Cambay, in Hindostan, VI. 30.
Cambayes, cotton cloths, VI. 31.
Camber, VI. 31.
Cambered Decks, VI. 31.
Cambert, French musician, VI. 31.
Camberwell, in Surrey, VI. 31.
Cambio, VI. 31.
Cambist, VI. 31.
Cambium, V. 33; XXI. 586.
Camblet, VI. 31.
Cambo, French town, VI. 31.
Cambodium, VI. 31.
Camboja, river. III. 676.
Cambong, island, VI. 32.
Cambray, VI. 32—League of, XII.
476.
Cambremer, French town, VI. 32.
Cambria, VI. 32.
Cambrian rocks, XV. 191.
Cambric, VI. 32—manufacture of cot¬
ton cambric, VII. 408.
Cambridge, VI. 32—Bentley’s govern¬
ment of Trinity College, IV. 577—
botanical school of, V. 83—libraries,
XIII. 299-—early printing at, XVIII.
554—the Northumberland equatorial,
XXI. 142—university, 500—colleges
and halls, 505.
 , a town in Massachusetts, VI.
33; XIV. 303, 305.
Cambridgeshire, VI. 33..
Cambuskenneth, VI. 720.
Cambyses, XVII. 259—his conquest of
Egypt, VIII. 468 — his expedition
against the Macrobians, IX. 378—
his treatment of Croesus, XX. 454,
n. 4.
Camden (William), VI. 35.
 (Marquis of), relinquishment of
a pension by, V. 544.
 , town in Carolina, VI. 36.
Camel, XIV. 156—its stomach. III. 35
—water-cells in stomach, 36—Arabian,
328—Asiatic, 682—structure of, XVII.
709—caravans of, in the Sahara or
Great Desert, XIX. 613.
 , river, its navigation, XVI. 10.
Cameleons, reptiles, XIX. .148. See
Chameleon.
Camellia, culture of, XI. 687.
Cameloduncm, VI. 30.
Camelopard, XIV. 156, 161 ; II. 227 ;
XVII. 709.
Camelopardalis, XIV. 161.
Cameo, or Camaieu, VI. 30.
Camera JEolia, VI. 36.
 lucida, VI. 36.
  obscura, VI. 38; XVI. 353,
513—invention of, I. 508.
Camerarids (Joachim), VI. 38.
Cameri, Italian town, VI. 38.
Camerino, in Italy, VI. 38.
e
CAM
Camerlingo, VI. 38.
Cameron (John), VI. 38.
 (Richard), a leader of the Scot¬
tish Covenanters, V. 353 ; VI. 41.
Cameronians, VI. 41; XIX. 764.
Camigten, island, VI. 41.
Camilli and Camilla!, VI. 41.
Camillus (M. F.), VI. 41 ; XIX. 374.
Caminha, in Portugal, VI. 41.
Camis, or Kamis, VI. 42.
Camisade, VI. 42.
Camisards, VI. 42.
Camiso, Sicilian city, VI. 42.
Camletine, VI. 42.
Camoens (Louis), VI. 42—-poetry of,
XVIII. 163.
Camonica, Italian town, VI. 43.
Camp, VI. 43.
Campagna, ItaUan city, VI. 44.
Campaign, VI. 44—plan of, XXL 733.
Campan (Madame), quotation from, on
animal magnetism, XIV. 14.
Campanella (Thos.), VI. 44 ; I. 26.
Campanero, bird, XVI. 570.
Campani (Matthew), VI. 44.
Campaniporm, VI. 44.
Campanini, marble, VI. 44.
Campanulaceae, in botany, V. 117.
Campanus of Navarre, X. 429.
Campbell (Castle), VI. 722.
  (Arch, and John), earls, mar¬
quises, and dukes of Argyle, VI. 44,
45. See Argyle.
 (Sir Arch.),his expedition against
the Burmese, V. 567 ; IV. 247.
  (Geo.), D.D., VI. 47—sense in
which he uses the words physics and
physiology, I. 9—his merits as a wri¬
ter, 220, 222—his funeral sermon, and
character, V. 600 — on abstraction,
XIV. 621, n. 2—on signs of ideas, 625
—on belief of testimony, 641—on rhe¬
toric, XIX. 200, et seq.—on the prin¬
ciples of translation, XXI. 344.
 (John), historian, VI. 46.
 (Major), executed for killing in
a duel, VIII. 254.
 (Rev. Mr.), his visit to Lattakoo,
in Southern Africa, V. 22.
 (Thomas), on Chaucer’s Canter¬
bury Tales, VI. 338—on the Hebrew
poets, XVIII. 146-7—on the charac¬
ters of the Iliad, 149.
Campbell’s Island, IV. 217.
Campbeltown, VI. 48.
Campden, in Glostershire, VI. 48.
Campeachy, VI. 48 ; XL 550; XIV. 817
—taken by the bucaneers, V. 625.
Camper (Peter), VI. 48; XX. 829-his
anatomical labours, II. 703—his facial
angle, 785 ; III. 6 ; XVII. 701.
Camperdown, battle of, V. 482 ; X. 107.
Camphor, VI. 488—effect of electricity
on its odor, VIII. 636—specific gravity
of, XII. 28—is a narcotic, XIV. 507
optical properties of, XVI. 505.
Camphoric acid, VI. 430.
Campian (Edmund), VI. 51.
Campicursio, VI. 51.
Campidoctores, VI. 51.
Campiductor, VI. 51.
Campion, in Tartary, VI. 51.
Campitje, VI. 51.
Campli, Italian city, VI. 52.
Campobasso, VI. 52.
Campo-Formio, Italian town, VI. 52—
treaty of, X. 107.
Campomanes (D. P. R., Conde de), a
Spanish statesman, VI. 52.
Campo Mayor, VI. 52.
Camprodon, in Spain, VI. 52.
Campsia, insects, IX. 166.
Campsie, in Stirlingshire, VI. 52—alum-
work at, II. 573, 576.
Camptocerus, insect, IX. 176.
Camptorhynchus, insect, IX. 174.
Campus, VI. 52—Mail—Martius—Scele-
ratus,ib.
Campvere, XXL 566.
Campylomyza, insects, IX. 260.
Camroop, in Hindostan, VI. 52.
Camus (C. S. L.), VI. 53—on the line of
traction, XIV. 441.
CAM—CAN
Camus Mons.), on bibliographical dic¬
tionaries, IV. 630—on the classifica¬
tion of books, 631, 632.
 (John Peter), VI. 54.
Camwood, a dye-stuff, VIII. 311.
Cana of Galilee, XVI. 744.
Canaan, son of Ham, VI. 54.
  (Land of), VI. 54—its ancient
divisions, XVI. 749—human sacrifices
in, XIX. 606. See Palestine.
Canaanites, their language, XIII. 83.
Canabac, African island, VI. 55.
Canada, VI. 55—bill of 1791 for the
government of, V. 458—invaded by
the Americans in 1813, 537—discon¬
tents in 1825, 562—emigration to,
VIII. 687, 689—Lord Selkirk’s colony
on Red River, 691—inland navigation
of, XVI. 27—late rebellion in, XVIII.
783—timber of, XXL 295—weights
and measures of, 852.
Canal de Principe, VI. 69.
Canals, VI. 69 ; XVI. 1 — aqueduct
bridges of, III. 322—dredging of, VIII.
193—motion of water in, XII. 73;
XIX. 253—use of inclined plane in,
XIV. 363—draw and swing bridges for,
XVI. 35—remarks on construction of,
XXI. 788. See Aqueduct, Tunnel.
 of Aragon, XVI. 738—proposed,
from the Adriatic to Vienna, IV. 231
—of the Baltic, 331—in Belgium,
XVI. 129—at Birmingham, IV. 650
—in Brecon, V. 225—Brindley’s, 288
—in Cambridgeshire, VI. 33—Canada,
63—Cheshire, 509—Derbyshire, VII.
735 — Devonshire, 745—the Great
Doab, 684—Edinburgh and Glasgow,
VIII. 430—in Egypt, 514, 523, 550 ;
II. 413; XX. 788—England, VIII. 763
—France, X. 172—Forth and Clyde,
VIII. 258; X. 550; XIX. 751—in
Germany, X. 483—Glasgow and Ar-
drossan, IV. 260 ; X. 551—in Glouces¬
tershire, 586—Holland, XI. 531—Ire¬
land, XII. 413, 713—Italian, for irri¬
gation, 484 ; XIII. 470—in Kentucky,
XII. 698—of Kiel, IV. 331; VII.
727—in Lanarkshire, XIII. 50—Lan¬
cashire, 53—Leitrim, 223—Lincoln¬
shire, 352—communicating with the
river Mersey, 393—in Maryland, XIV.
272—Massachusetts, 303—Mesopota¬
mia, IV. 281—Mexico, XIV. 813—
Middlesex, XIII. 495 ; XV. 61—
Monkland, X. 551—Navarre, XV. 744
—New Jersey, XII. 543—Newry, VIII.
131—Nicaragua, XV. 201—in Prussia,
XVIII. 691—of the Rhine and Rhone,
XIX. 226—in Russia, 577—Scotland,
750—Shropshire, 622—Spain, XX.
520—Staffordshire, 558—Isthmus of
Suez, 788 — Surrey, 847 — Sweden,
XXL 389—United States, 470—War¬
wickshire, 782—Wiltshire, 891.
Canale, Italian town, VI. 69.
Cananore, VI. 69.
Canara, VI. 70—North, 71—South, 72.
Canaries, islands, VI. 72—language of
the, XIII. 94—weights and measures,
XXL 852.
Canary-bird, XVI. 581.
Cancar, in Cambodia, VI. 75.
Cancellaria, in conchology, XV. 346.
Cancelli, VI. 75.
Ganger, in astronomy, VI. 75—tropic
of, ib.—disease, XVII. 487.
Cancerre, in France, VI. 75.
Cancherizante, VI. 75.
Cancon, French town, VI. 75.
Cancroma, bird, XVI. 618.
Canda, Italian town, VI. 75.
Candace, queen of Nubia, VIII. 557.
Candahar, or Kandahar, VI. 75.
Candaules, XIII. 607.
Candesh, XII. 707.
Candia, island and city, VI. 76—taken
by the Turks, XXL 413—weights and
measures of, 852.
Candiac (John Louis), VI. 77.
Candians of Ceylon, VI. 303.
Candidate, VI. 77.
Candidati Milites, VI. 77.
CAN
Candle, VI. 77—how to light one by
electricity, VIII. 625.
Candle-bombs, VI. 78.
Candlemas, VI. 78.
Candlestick, VI. 78.
Candolle (Mons. de), on botany, V. 30,
et seq. ; V. 82, n. 1—his classification
of plants, 93—his theory of irrigation,
XII. 456—on Veget. Anatomy, HI. 45.
Candy, in Ceylon, VI. 78, 302—taken
by the British, 305.
 (Sugar), VI. 79 ; XX. 796.
Candying, VI. 79.
Cane, VI. 79—cane-sugar, 472—sugar¬
cane, XX. 790.
 , river, VI. 79.
Canea, in Candia, VI. 79.
Canelli, Italian town, VI. 79.
Canellin, VI. 475.
Canephor®, VI. 79.
Canephoria, VI. 79.
Canes, or Khans, VI. 79.
 and Canches, VI. 79.
 Venatici, VI. 79.
Canet de Mar, VI. 79.
Caneto, Italian town, VI. 79.
Caneva, Italian town, VI. 79.
Cange (C. du F., Sieur du), VI. 79.
Cangi, VI. 80.
Cangiagio (Ludovico), VI. 80.
Cangozima, VI. 80.
Canicatti, in Sicily, VI. 81.
Canicula, star, VI. 81.
Canicular period, VI. 658.
Caniculum, VI. 81.
Canine teeth, in man, II. 780—in the
lower animals, III. 34.
Canini (J. A. and M. A.), VI. 81.
Caniparius’s treatise on inks, XII. 281.
Canis, VI. 81; XIV. 111. See Dog.
Canisius (Henry), VI. 81.
Canje, river, IV. 579.
Canker, VI. 81—in horses, XXI. 620.
Canna:, town in Apulia, VI. 81—battle
of, 198 ; XIX. 386.
Cannaletti, painter, XVI. 719.
Canne, Italian town, VI. 81.
Cannese, in botany, V. 132.
Cannel-coal, II. 665; VI. 444; XV. 172.
Cannequins, VI. 81.
Cannes, French city, VI. 81.
Cannibal, VI. 81; III. 248.
Cannibalism practised by some Ameri¬
can tribes, II. 621, 632—revolting con¬
clusion respecting it, from the fact that
the flesh of the highest classes of ani¬
mals is most nutritious, III. 166—in
Ansiko, 238—in New Zealand, IV. 216
—among the Battas, 451; XX. 806.
Canning (George), VI. 81—his acces¬
sion to power, V. 522—duel with Lord
Castlereagh, 527—declaration against
parliamentary reform, 556—appointed
foreign secretary in 1823, 558—his
eloquence and popularity, 560; XIX.
220—formation of a ministry in 1827
by, V. 569—his death and character,
570 —his corn-bill, ib.—his resolutions
for improving the corn-laws, VII. 341.
Cannon, VI. 843 ; XL 34—boring of, V.
1—casting of, VI. 84—early use of, in
China, 574. See Artillery, Gunnery.
 of a watch, VI. 786.
Cannon-bones in mammalia. III. 9, 10.
Cannonade, VI. 89.
Cano. See Kano.
Canoe, VI. 89; XII. 490
Canon, VI. 89-91. See Bible, Deutero-
canonical.
Canon law, VI. 91—study of the, 708;
at Bologna, XXI. 488; and a't Ox¬
ford, 492.
Canoness, VI. 94.
Canongate, VIII. 428.
Canonica, VI. 94.
Canonical, VI. 94—Hours—Obedience
—Sins—Punishments—Life, ib.—Let¬
ters, 95.
Canonicum, VI. 95.
Canonist, VI. 95.
Canonization, VI. 95,
Canonry, VI. 95.
Canopus, VI. 95; VIII. 554
32
INDEX
CAN—CAP
Canopy, VI. 95; III. 465.
Canosa, Italian city, VI. 95.
Canova (Antonio), VI. 95—his sculp¬
ture, XX. 8.
Canso, in Nova Scotia, VI. 98.
Canstadt, in Wirtemberg, VI. 98.
Cant, VI. 98.
Cant-body, in ship-building, XX. 276—
laying off the cant-timbers, 280, and
cant-transom, 283.
Canta, in Peru, VI. 98.
Cantabkia, VI. 99.
Cantabrian language, XIII. 88.
Cantabkph, VI. 99.
Cantacuzenus (Johannes), VI. 99.
» Cantoe, VI. 2.
Cantal, in France, VI. 99.
Cantakini (Simon), VI. 99.
Cantata, in music, VI. 99.
Canteeec, French town, VI. 99.
Cantemik (D. and A.), VI. 99.
Cantekbuky, VI. 100—archbishop of,
III. 397—Becket’s shrine at, IV. 509
—archbishopric of, VIII. 763—navi¬
gation, XVI. 11.
Canterus (William), VI. 100.
Oantharidae, insects, IX. 168.
Canthautdes, VI. 100—eaten by hedge¬
hogs, III. 166—poisonous, XIV. 507.
Cantharidin, VI. 505.
Cantharis, insect, IX. 170.
• , fish, XII. 177.
Canticles, VI. 100.
Cantimarons, VI. 100.
Cantium, promontory, VI. 100.
Canto, VI. 100.
Canton, VI. 101—in heraldry, XI. 251.
 , Chinese province and town, VI.
100—commerce of, VI. 582.
   (John), VI. 104—on the com¬
pressibility of water, I. 607; II. 114 ;
XII. 9—his life and character, I. 607
on the aurora borealis, IV. 202—on
electricity, VIII. 570—on phosphor¬
escence, XIII. .336—on magnetism,
689—his artificial magnets, 756.
Cantoning of soldiers, VI. 105.
Cantova (P. Juan Antonio), on the
Caroline Islands, XVIII. 318.
Cantred, or Cantreth, VI. 105.
Cantyre, VI. 105—Mull of, ib.
Canosium, town in Apulia, VI. 105.
Canute, VI. 105 ; XVI. 258—reign of,
VIII. 706-7—fleet of, XX. 214.
Canuison (Charles), XXI. 13.
Canvass, VI. 105—whether used by
ancient painters, XVI. 699, iu
Cany, a French town, VI. 106.
Canynge (Wm.), his ships, XX, 218.
Canzone, in music, VI. 106.
Canzonetta, VI. 106.
Caorlo, island, VI. 106.
Caoutchouc, VI. 106, 492—its use in
making catheters, VII. 567—specific
gravity of, XII. 28—mineral, IV. 654 ;
XV. 172.
Cap, VI. 108—of maintenance, ib.
Cap and Button Isles, VI. 108.
Capacity, VI. 108.
Capaluan, island, VI. 108.
Caparison, VI. 108.
Cape, VI. 108; X. 408.
Cape Breton, V. 228.
Cape Coast Castle, VII. 9.
Cape Colony, X. 610.
Cape of Good Hope. See Good Hope.
Cape Town, X. 611.
Cape-cavy, an animal, XIV. 151.
Capell (Edward), VI. 109.
Capella, a fixed star, VI. 109.
Capello (Admiral), his expedition against
the Algerines, II. 507.
Capellus (Lewis), VI. 109—his Critica
Sacra, XII. 692.
Capercailzie, bix-d, XVI. 611—shooting,
XX. 316.
Capernaum, VI. 109 ; XVI. 744,
Caperolans, VI. 109.
Capet (Hugh), X. 11.
Caph, a Jewish measure, VI. 110.
Caphtor, in Egypt, VI. 110.
Capi-Aga, Turkish officer, VI. 110.
Capias, in law, VI. 110.
CAP—CAR
Capigi, VI. 110.
Capillament, VI. 110.
Capillary, VI. 110.
Capillary action, VI. 110; XII. 38—
Hauksbee’s experiments on, I. 615—
other experiments on, and explana¬
tions of, 616—its effect in the baro¬
meter, IV. 391—how far the cause of
the ascent of sap in plants, XXI. 573.
 roots, III. 88.
 vessels of the human body, II.
723; XVII. 640—their action, 644.
CAPiLUPi(Camillus andLselius), VI. 122.
Capiou, V. 68.
Capiscolus, VI. 122.
Capital, VI. 122—letters, ib.
 , in architecture, III. 465.
 , in political economy, VII. 164
—accumulation and employment of,
XVIII. 279, et seq,
  punishments, XIV. 513—cases
in England and Wales, VIII. 803.
Capitanata, in Italy, VI. 122.
Capitanei, VI. 122.
Capitaneus. VI. 122.
Capitania, VI. 122.
Capitation, a tax, VI. 122.
Capite, VI. 122—Censi, ib.
Capitol, in Home, VI. 123.
Capitoline Hill, XIX. 424, 425.
 Games, VI. 123.
Capitolin us (Julius), historian, VI. 123.
Capitularies, VI. 123.
Capitulation, VI. 124.
Capitulum, VI. 124—in botany, V. 41.
Capizzi, Sicilian town, VI. 124.
Capmani (D. Antonio de), VI. 124.
Capnicon, VI. 124.
Capnomancy, VI. 124.
Capo d’ Istria, VI. 125 ; X. 750, 751.
Capon, VI. 125.
Caponiere, VI. 125.
Caposele, Italian town, VI. 127.
Cappadocia, VI. 125.
Cappanus, VI. 127.
Capparidse, in botany, V. 97.
Capped Hock, XXL 617.
Capperonnier (Claud), his edition of
Quintilian, V. 718.
Capraia, island, VI. 127.
Capranu, Turkish village, VI. 127.
Capri, island near Naples, VI. 127.
Capriata (Peter John), VI. 127.
Capric acid, VI. 430.
Capricorn, VI. 127—Tropic of, ib.
Caprification, VI. 127.
Caprifoliaceae, in botany, V. 115.
Caprimulgus, bird, XVL 578 ; VI. 128.
Caprino, a town of Verona, VI. 128,
Caprioles, VI. 128.
Caproic acid, VI. 430.
Capromys, in zoology, XIV. 132.
Capros, fish, XII. 189.
Capryke, in the Netherlands, VI. 128.
Capsa, VI. 128; XVI. 308.
 , in conchology, XV. 342.
Capsali, in Cerigo, VI. 128.
Capsarius, VI. 128.
Capsicum, VI. 128 ; XI. 675.
Capsquares, VI. 128.
Capstan, VI. 128—a powerful one de¬
scribed, XIV. 406.
Capsule, VI. 129—of the eye, II. 799—
in botany, VI. 129 ; V. 49.
Captain, VI. 129-30—naval, XVI. 52.
Caption, in Scots law, VI. 130.
Captive, VI. 130.
Captivity, VI. 130.
 (Jewish), VI. 130 ; XII. 568.
Capture, VI. 130.
Capua, VI. 130—Hannibal’s conduct at,
199—taken by the Romans, 200.
Capuchins, VI. 130.
Capulus, molluscum, XV. 349, 364.
Caput, VI. 131—Baroniae—Lupinum—
Mortuum, ib.
Capybara, in zoology, XIV. 140.
Car, or Carr, VI. 174.
Carabici, insects, IX. 114.
Carabine and Carabineers, VI. 131.
Carabus, insect, IX. 130.
Caracal, in zoology, XIV. 123.
Caracalla,' Roman emperor, VI. 131;
CAR
XIX. 410—his cruelties at Alexandria,
II. 410—baths of, IV. 441—his pro¬
scription of Geta’s name, VIII. 534,
n. 8 — his war with the Parthians,
XVII. 106.
Caracalla, an ancient Roman gar¬
ment, VI. 131,
Caracara, bird, XVI. 561.
Caraccas, VI. 131—climate of, II. 612
—earthquake at, XVII. 512. See Co¬
lumbia.
Caracci (Agostino), VI. 131; XVI. 720.
 (Annibale), VI. 131; XVL 720
—on the works of Coreggio, II. 521.
 (Louis), VI. 131.
Caraccioli, the Letters of Pope Clement
XIV. written by, VI. 737.
•   (Prince), execution of, XVI. 88.
Caracol, VI. 132.
Caract, VI. 132 ; VIII. 4 ; XV. 395.
Caractacus, king of the Britons, VI.
132; V. 298; XIX. 402.
Caragna-resin, sp. gr. of, XII. 28.
Caragrouth, a silver coin, VI. 132.
Caraites, Jewish sect, VI. 132.
Caraman, VI. 133.
Caramania, in Asia Minor, VI. 133.
Caramanta, in S. America, VI. 134.
Caramaru, V. 189, 190,
Carambola, XI. 659.
Caramnassa, river, VI. 134.
Carangas, silver-mines of, IV. 749.
Caranna, VI. 492.
Caranus, founder of Macedon, XIII. 619.
Caranx, fish, XII. 186.
Carapus, fish, XII. 226.
Carat, VI. 132 ; VIII. 4 ; XV. 395.
Caraudau, his process for manufacturing
alum, II. 577.
Caravacca, Spanish town, VI. 134.
Caravaggio, painter, XVI. 716.
Caravans, VI. 134—Asiatic commer¬
cial, III. 699—from Damascus, VII.
607—Egyptian, VIII. 526—in the Sa¬
hara, XIX. 613.
Caravanserai, Vi. 134.
Caravanseraskier, VI. 134.
Carbazotic acid, VI. 430.
Carbo-hydrogen, VI. 371.
Carbon, VI. 367—bisulphUret of, 377—
phosphuret of, 382 — sulphuret of,
VII. 62—specific gravity of, XII. 28—
whence derived by plants ? XXL 571,
579. See Charcoal.
Carbonara, Italian town, VI. 134.
Carbonari, societies of the, XII. 478.
Carbonic acid, VI. 368—a component
part of the atmosphere, IV. 135 ;
XVII. 532—Dr Black’s discovery of,
IV. 655—Mr Cavendish on, VI. 261
—in collieries, VII. 611—poisonous
quality of, XIV. 504 ; XVIII. 177—
its application in moving engines,
XIV. 437—produced by respiration,
XVII. 646; XVIII. 122 ;-by germina¬
tion of seeds, XXI. 568 ; and by plants,
575, 577—in mineralogy, XV. 137.
  oxide, VI. 369—poisonous qua¬
lity of, XIV. 504.
Carboniferous rocks, XV. 196.
Carbuncle, VI. 134.
Carburet of potassium, VI. 393 — of
cerium, 400—of zirconium, 401—of
iron, 404 — of manganese, 407—of
nickel, 408—of cobalt, 409.
Carburetted hydrogen, VI. 370; X. 366,
ih mineralogy, XV. 137—natural pro¬
duction of, XVI. 184.
Carcanius on inscriptions, XII. 292.
Carcase, in gunnery, XI. 72.
Carcassonne, in France, VI. 134.
Carcaxente, Spanish town, VI. 135.
Carceres, ancient games, VI. 135.
Carcerules, in botany, V. 49.
Carcharius, fish, XII. 232.
Card, VI. 135. See Carding.
Cards, VI. 135—history of, XVIII. 539.
Cardan (Jerome), VI. 135—an instance
of the union of genius with weakness,
I. 441—on aeronautics, II. 179—his
improvements in algebra, 423, 455—
his lamp, XIII, 42—on mechanics,
XIV. 350.
CAR
Card ass, VI. 136.
Carders, VI. 136.
Cardiac, VI. 136.
Cardiff, in Glamorganshire, VI. 136;
X. 533—canal, XVI. 13.
Cardigan and Cardiganshire, VI. 137.
Cardinal, VI. 138—Points—Signs—
Winds—Numbers, ib. See Conclave,
Consistory.
Cardinalis (Hugo), IV. 612.
Carding of cotton, improvements in, by
Hargreaves, VII. 399—and by Ark¬
wright, 401 — carding-machines, X.
556; XXL 931.
Cardioid, VI. 139.
Cardita, in conchology, XV. 342.
Carditis in animals, XXI. 632.
Cardito, Italian town, VI. 139.
Cardium, in conchology, XV. 341, 372.
Cardona, Spanish town, VI. 139.
Cardoon, culture of, XL 674.
Carduelis, bird, XVI. 581.
Careening of ships, VI. 139.
Career, VI. 139.
Careglio, Italian town, VI. 140.
Carentan, French city, VI. 140.
Carentoir, French town, VI. 140.
Caret, VI. 140.
Carew (Geo.), primus, VI. 140.
 (Geo,), secundus, VI. 140.
 (Richard), VI. 140.
 (Thomas), Enligshpoet, VI. 140;
XVIII. 170.
Carey (Harry), VI. 140.
Carez, his polytypes, XVIII. 567.
Cargadors, VI. 141.
Cargill, a leader of the Scotch Covenant¬
ers, V. 353.
Cargo, VI. 141—super-cargo, ib.
Caria, in Asia-Minor, VI. 141.
Cariaco, in Colombia, VI. 141.
Cariacon, island, X. 772.
Cariama, bird, XVI. 617.
Caribbee Islands, VI. 141; III. 251-
serpents of the, XX. 137.
Caribert, X. 4.
Caribs, their skulls and complexion, II.
616—their character, 622.
Carica, in botany, V. 68.
Caricatura, in painting, VI. 141.
Caricous, VI. 141.
Carides, Crustacea, VII. 501.
Carignano, Italian city, VI. 141.
Carillons, chimes, VI. 141.
Carimata, island, VI. 141.
Carimon, Java, VI. 141.
Carina, VI. 141—in botany, V. 43.
Carinas, VI. 142.
Carinaria, in conchology, XV. 344, 364.
Carini, Italian city, VI. 142.
Carinthia, VI. 142 ; IV. 228.
Carinthian mountains, XI. 725—Alps,
XII. 252.
Carinthine, in mineralogy, XV. 154.
Carioles (Canadian), VI. 60.
Caris, genus of arachnides, III. 369.
Carisbrooke Castle, king Charles the
First at, V. 331-2.
Caritas, VI. 142.
Carke, VI. 142.
Carleton (Sir Dudley), VI. 142; V. 311
Carli, inscriptions at, XII. 291.
Carline and Car lines, VI. 142.
Carlingford, Irish town, VI. 142 —
lighthouse of, XX. 17.
Carlings of a ship, VI. 142; XX. 285.
Carlisle, VI. 142—Table of Mortality
at, III. 233—canal, XVI. 11.
 , in Illinois, XII. 248.
 , in Pennsylvania, XVII. 224.
  (Sir A.), on the structure of the
muscles, XVII. 609.
Carlisle’s galvanic experiments, XXL
678.
Carlock, VI. 142.
Carlopago, Austrian town, VI. 143.
Carlos (San), in Venezuela, VI. 143.
  (Don), his attempts to obtain
the Spanish crown, XX. 510, ct seq.
Carlota, town in Spain, VI. 143.
Carlow, in Ireland, VI. 143.
Carlowitz, in Hungary, VI. 144
Carlsbad, in Bohemia, VI. 144.
INDEX
33
CAR
Carlsbubg, in Austria, YI. 144, 145.
Cablsham, YI. 145 ; IV. 327.
Carlskrona, VI. 14 5—docks at, VIII. 80.
Carlsruhe, German city, VI. 145.
Carlstadt, VI. 145.
Carlton (Sir Dudley), VI. 142 5 v- 3:l1-
Carlyee (Joseph Dacre), VI. 145.
Carmagnola, Italian city, VI, 146.
Carmel (Mount), VI. 146 ; XVI. 742.
Carmelites, religious order, VI. 1*6.
Carmen, VI. 147.
Carmentalia, Roman feast, VI. 147.
Carmichael (Prof.), on Grotius, I. 88.
Carmine, in crayon-painting, VII. 452
—in dyeing, VIII. 308. »
Carmona, Spanish city, VI. 147.
Carmulla, in Hindustan, VI. 147.
Carnabii, VI. 2.
Carnac, French town, VI. 147.
Carnack, temple of, III. 410,
Carnapraycega, VI. 147.
Carnatic, VI. 147 ; XI. 421, et seq.
Carnation, among painters, VI. 148.
 , flower, culture of, XL 684.
Carnaul, in Hindustan, VI. 148.
Carne (Mr), on the Dead Sea, HI. 703.
Carneades, VI. 148—estimate which
Grotius formed of his ethics, I. 315.
Carnedde, VI. 149.
Carneia, ancient festival, VI. 149.
Carnelian, VI. 149 ; XV. 157—specific
gravity of, XII. 28.
Carnero, VI. 149.
Carnic Alps, II. 559.
Carnifex, VI. 149.
Carniola, VI. 149 5 IV. 228.
Carnival, VI. 149.
Carnivora, XIV. 105—their bones, III.
6, et seq. — muscles, 18 —organs of
smell, 21—eyes, 23—long intestines,
37—peculiarities of organization, 159
—their flesh generally unfit for food,
166—pairing of, 168.
— , insects, IX. 111.
Carnivorous, VI. 149.
Carnonacese, VI. 2.
Carnot on the defence of fortified places,
IX- 771—his system of tactics, XXI.
738.
Carnusius, V. 301.
Caro (Annibal), poet, VI. 150.
Carolina (Horth), VI. 150—canals in,
XVI. 265 XXI. 472—railroads, 473.
  (South), VI. 150—canals in,
XVI. 26 5 XXI. 472—railroads, 473
—state-bonds, 479.
 , Spanish town, VI. 151.
 , code, XVIII. 735.
Carolinas, or Caroline Islands, VI.
151; XVIII. 317.
Caroline, consort of George,II., her con¬
versations with Whiston, XXI. 870.
  , consort of George the Fourth,
V. 533, 535, 548—her arrival in Eng¬
land, 549—trial, 550—death, 554.
Caroline Books, VI. 151.
Carolostadians, VI. 151.
Carolus, coins so called, VI. 151.
Caroor, in Hindustan, VI. 151.
Carora, in Venezuela, VI. 151.
Carotid arteries, VI. 151; II. 820.
Carouge, Swiss city, VI. 151.
Carp, VI. 151; XII. 197—angling for,
III. 146.
Carpve a, ancient dance, VI. 151.
Carpal bones, II. 789 ; III. 8, 13.
Carpates, now Carpathian mountains,
VI. 151; IV. 229 ; IX. 406; XI. 725;
XXI. 345. ,
Carpathium Mare, VI. 151.
Carpel, in botany, V. 44.
Carpenedolo, Italian town, VI. 152.
Carpentaria (Gulf of), VI. 152.
Carpenter, VI. 152 distinguished
from joiner, V.683—work < f, in build¬
ing, ib.—health of carpenters, XIV.
510—naval, XVI. 53.
 (General), V. 375.
Carpenteriana, II. 676.
Carpentras, in France, VI. 152.
Carpentry, VI. 152—Roman know¬
ledge of. III. 419—strength of diffe¬
rent kinds of wood, XX. 757, et seq.;
CAR
of beams, 760, et seq. See Centre,
Joinery, Roof, Strength of Materials,
Timber.
Caupentum, VI. 172.
Carpets, VI. 172—Turkish, XXI. 427.
Carpet-Knights, VI. 174.
Carpi, in Italy, VI. 174.
(Uoo da), VI. 174—his improve¬
ment of wood-engraving, XXI. 917.
(Hr), on the magnetism of the
solar rays, XIII. 696.
 (Girolamo da), VI. 174.
Carpini, X. 397.
Carpino, Italian city, VI. 174.
Carpobalsamum, IV. 322.
Carpocratians, heretics, VI. 174.
Carpue on medical electricity, VIII. 640.
Carpus, in man, II. 788—the mamma¬
lia, III. 8—birds, 13.
Carr, or Car, VI. 174.
Carrac, or Carrack, VI. 174 ; XX. 217.
Carrara, Italian city, VI. 174—marble,
ib.; XIII. 595.
Carre (Robert), V. 304.
Carre (Louis), his experiments on capil¬
lary action, XII. 40.
Carrera, a leader in Chili, VI. 540.
  (Peter), on eruptions of Mount
fiEtna, II. 205.
Carrhae, VII. 277—battle of, XVII. 103.
Carriages, VI. 175 5 VII. 4—duties on,
5—construction of, XIV. 439. See
Coach, Chariot.
Carrick, district of, VI. 175 5 IV. 259.
Carrick-on-Shannon, XIII. 224.
Carrick-on-Suir. in Tipperary, VI.
175; XXI. 316, 811.
Carrickfergus, VI. 175 ; III. 274.
Carrier, VI. 176.
* , French revolutionist, X. 93, n. 1
Carrier-pigeon, VI. 176. See Pigeon.
Carrion de los Condes, VI. 177.
Carron, river in Scotland, VI. 177;
XVI. 11 ; XX. 730.
   iron-works, VI. 178 ; XIX. 311 :
XX. 733.
   (Loch) fishery, XIX. 487.
Carronade, VI. 178 ; XL 72.
Carrots, culture of, II. 289 ; XI. 670.
Carrousal, VI. 178.
Carruca, ancient chariot, VI. 178.
Carrucage, VI. 178.
Carrucate, VI. 178.
Carrying, VI. 178.
Carse, VI. 178 —of Falkirk, ib. —of
Gowrie, 179 — of Stirling, ib., 720;
XX. 729.
Carstairs (William), VI. 179.
Carstens (Jan), his voyage, IV. 204.
Carsucal (Rainier), VI. 179.
Cart, VI. 179—of war, ib.—agricultu¬
ral, II. 269.
 , river, XVI. 735; XIX. 119-
navigation, XVI. 11.
Cart-horse, II. 316 ; XI. 596.
Cartago, VII. 384 ; XI. 19.
Carte (Thomas), VI. 179.
 Blanche, VI. 180.
Cartel,- VI. 180—cartel ship, ib
Carter (Dr), on disease of the pancreas,
XVII. 482.
 (John), his work on pointed ar¬
chitecture, III. 431.
Carteret (Captain), his discoveries in
Australasia, IV. 212, 213.
Cartes (Rene des). See Descartes.
Cartesian devils, XVIII. 98.
 philosophy. See Descartes.
Cartesians, VI. 183.
Carthage, VI. 183—ruins of, II. 235;
IV. 363—commerce, VII. 156—his¬
tory, XI. 472, et seq.—wars with the
Romans, XIX. 384, 386, 388 ; and
Syracusans, XXI. 55, et seq. — con¬
quests in Spain, XX. 490.
 , in Tennessee, XXI. 183.
Carthaginian alphabet, II. PI. XIX.—
army, III. 589—voyages, X. 388, 389
—elephants, XII. 490 — language,
XIII. 83—religion, XVII. 451—hu¬
man sacrifices, XIX. 606—ships, XX.
211—slavery, 383.
Carthagena, VI.206—building of, 195.
CAR—CAS
Carthagena, in Colombia, VI. 207—
Admiral Vernon’s expedition against,
V. 379—plundered by the bucaneers,
625.
Carthalo, Carthaginian general, VI. 192.
Carthamus, a dye-stuff, VIII. 310.
Carthusians, VI. 207.
Cartier (A.), voyages of, XVIII. 216.
Cartilage, XVII. 601, 656—whethercon-
tained in bone, II. 743, 745—struc¬
ture of, 747—synovial membrane of,
756—intervertebral, 760; XVII. 614
—ensiform, II. 764—of the ribs, 765;
larynx, 805 ; windpipe, 821; joints,
XVII. 604.
Cartilaginous fishes, XII. 229.
Cartismandua, V. 298.
Cartland Craigs, bridge at, III. 323.
Cartoon, or Carton, VI. 207.
Cartouche, VI. 208.
Cartridge, VI. 208—wire, XX. 305.
Cartridge-box, VI. 208.
Cartwright (Rev. E.), his power-loom,
VII. 408 ; XXL 830—his parallel
motion, XX. 659.
 (Thomas), his work against the
Douay Bible, IV. 618.
 (William), VI. 208.
Cartwright’s rope-machine, XIX. 463.
Carucaturius, VI. 208.
Caruncle of the eye, II. 80 0—in various
animals, III. 24.
Caruncuke, in botany, V. 50.
Carus, on comparative anatomy, III. 40.
 , Roman emperor, XIX. 413.
Carvage, VI. 208.
Carvalho, his administration, V. 193.
Carver, VI. 208—and gilder, V. 692,
Carvin, French town, VI. 208.
Carving, VI. 208.
Carwar, in Hindustan, VI. 208.
Cary (Lucius), Lord Falkland, VI. 208.
See Falkland.
 (Robert), VI. 209.
Caryates, ancient festival, VI. 209.
Caryatides, HI. 416, 441, 465.
Carychium, in conchology, XV. 348.
Caryl (Joseph), VI. 209.
Caryll (John), English poet, VI. 209.
Caryocatactes, bird, XVI. 585.
Caryophyllacese, in botany, V. 99.
Caryophyllaeus, zoophyte, XXL 996.
Caryopsis, in botany, V. 48.
Casa, VI. 209—Santa, ib.—Grande, ib.
Casai de Caceres, VI. 209.
Casale, in Italy, VI. 209.
Casalnuovo, Italian towns, VI. 209.
Casalvieri, Italian town, VI. 209.
Casanare, in Colombia, XIII. 402.
Casanova, effects produced on, by a work
entitled La Cite Mystique, &c., I. 426.
Casas (Bartholomeo de Las), VI. 209.
Casati Manuscript, XL 339.
 (Paul), VI. 210.
Casaubon (Isaac de), VI. 211—Casau-
boniana, II. 676.
 (Meric), VI. 211—his edition of
Strabo, XIX. 779.
Casbin, or Casween, VI. 212.
Cascade, VI. 212—in gardening, X.
329. See Waterfall.
Cascaes, Portuguese town, VI. 212,
Cascante, Spanish city, VI. 212.
Case, VI. 212—in printing, ib,—in
grammar, ib.; X. 642, 683.
Case-shot, VI. 212; XI. 71, 75.
Caseic acid, VI. 427.
Casein, VI. 498.
Caserta-Nova, VI. 212 ; XV, 709.
Cash-book, IV. 778.
Cashan, Persian city, VI. 212.
Cashel, in Tipperary, VL 212; XXI.
316—rock of, 313, 315.
Cashew-nut, black dye-stviff, VIII. 328.
Cashgar, III. 699.
Cashier, VI. 212.
Cashmere, VI. 212—goat, XL 382 ;
XIV, 163—shawls, ib.; XX. 192 ;
XXI. 256—spinning of Cashmere yarn
in Glasgow, X. 557,
Cashy, in Hindustan, VI. 214,
Casiquiari, XVI. 537,
Casiri (Michael), VI. 214.
CAS
Casks, VI. 214—fabrication of, VII.
305; by machinery at Deptford, VIII.
81—gauging of, XIV. 577.
Caslon (William), VI. 215.
Casmarhynchus, bird, XVI. 570.
Casnonia, insects, IX. 116.
Casoria, Italian town, VI. 215.
Caspe, Spanish city, VI. 215.
Casper (Dr), on statistics of mortality,
&c., XV. 536, 547.
Caspian Gates, XVII. 242.
  Sea, VI. 215 ; X. 397 ; XVII.
521—canals uniting it with the Bal¬
tic, IV. 331—its level lower than that
of the ocean, 402—Russian trade on
the, XVII. 246.
Casque, VI. 214.
Cassada, V. 67, 68.
Cassana (Nicolo), painter, VI. 217.
Cassander, VI. 217 ; XIII. 642.
Cassandra, VI. 217.
Cassano, Italian city, VI. 217.
Cassation (Court of), X. 218.
Cassava, V. 68—Mexican, XIV. 800.
Cassegrain (Monsieur),on the speaking-
trumpet, XXL 391, 397.
Gassed, VI. 217 ; XL 287.
Cassicus, bird, XVI. 582.
Cassida, insects, IX. 182.
Cassidarice, insects, IX. 182.
Cassimir, or Cashmere. See Cashmere.
Cassine, Italian town, VI. 218.
Cassini (John Dominic), VI. 218—his
astronomical discoveries, I. 498 ; III.
743, 762; IV. 31—on the planets
Venus and Mars, 27, 28—his baro¬
meter, 391—his micrometer, XV. 23.
 (James), VI. 218—his astrono¬
mical labours, III. 745—on the length
of the degree, IX. 548.
■ de Thury (C. F.), VI. 219.
Cassiodorus (M. A.), VI. 219 ; X. 619,
Cassiopeia, VI. 220.
Cassis, ancient helmet, VI. 220.
 , in conchology, XV. 347.
Cassiterides, V. 297.
Cassius (Caius), one of Caesar’s murder¬
ers, VI. 220 ; XIX. 396, 398.
 (Longinus and Spurius), VI. 220,
 , a Roman surgeon, XX. 823.
Cassiyelaunus, V. 298.
Cassock, VI. 220.
Cassoon, in architecture, HI. 465.
Cassowary, or Cassuary, XVI. 616 ;
XXL 716.
Cassumbazar, in Bengal, VI. 220.
Cast, VI. 220. See Casting.
Cast-iron, VI. 404.
Castalio (Sebastian), VI. 220; XIII.
271—his Latin and French Bibles,
IV. 615, 617.
Castalius Fons, VI. 220,
Castanets, VL 220.
Castes, VI. 220—in India, V. 176; XL
402—their effects there, VII. 395 
in ancient Egypt, VIII. 461, 465.
Castel (Lewis Bertrand), VI. 226.
 Branco, VI. 226.
 de Vide, VI. 226.
 , Sarrazin, VI. 226.
Castelbuono, Italian city, VI. 226.
Castell (Dr Edmund;, VI. 227—aided
in the publication of Walton’s Poly-
glott Bible, XXI. 731.
Castellamonte, VI. 227.
Castellan, VI. 227.
Castellana, VI. 227.
Castellane, VI. 227,
Castellarius, VI. 227,
Castellatiq, VI. 227.
Castellazzo, VI. 227,
Castelli (Bernard), VI. 227,
   (Valerio), VI. 227.
   on hydrodynamics, XII. 2.
 , governor of Peru, IV. 756
Castellon de la Plana, VI. 227
Castellorum Operatiq, VI. 227,
Castelnaudary, VI. 227.
Castelyeterano, VI. 227.
Castelvetro (Luigi), VI. 227,
Casti (Giambattista), VI. 227.
Castigation, VI. 229,
Castigatory for scolds, VI. 229.
34
INDEX,
CAS—CAT
Castiglione (G. B.), painter, VI. 229.
  i.elle Stiviere, VI. 229 —
battle of, III. 636.
Castiglioni (Balthazar), VI. 229.
Castile, Moorish kingdom of, XX. 494.
 (Old), VI. 229—(New), 230.
Castine, in Maine, XIV. 44.
Casting, VI. 230—history of the art of,
87, 88—of cannon, 84—in sand, IX.
791—with plaster of Paris, VI. 230 5
XV. 3115 XVII. 796.
Castle, VI. 233.
Castlebar, VI. 235; XIV. 339.
Castleblanet, Irish town, VI. 235.
Castle-Caret, a Roman station in Stir¬
lingshire, VI. 235.
Castlecomer, Irish town, VI. 235.
Castledermot, Irish town, VI. 235.
Castle-Douglas, Scotch town, VI. 235.
Castle-Island, Irish town, VI. 235.
Castle-Ltons, Irish town, VI. 235.
Castlereagh (Lord), his accession to
power, V. 522—charge against, con¬
cerning the barter of a Bengal writer-
ship, 526—his quarrel with Canning,
527 ; VI. 83—consequences of his
death, V. 558,
Castlerising, in Norfolk, VI. 235.
Castle-Rushen, VI. 235.
Castleton, in Derbyshire, VI. 226.
Castletown, in the Isle of Man, VI.
235 ; XIV. 209.
Castnia, insect, IX. 243.
Castor, in astronomy, VI. 235—in zo¬
ology, XIV. 137.
 and Pollux, VI. 235—meteor,
ib.; VIII. 623 ; XVII. 542.
Castration, VI. 236—of brutes, IX.
721—fishes, 725—horses, II. 319;
XXI. 629 —cattle, II. 326 —lambs,
333—crime of, XIV. 496.
Castres, in France, VI. 236.
Castries (Bay of), VI. 236.
Castro, VI. 236—Giovanni—Marim—
Nuovo—Reale—del Rio—de Urdiales
—Villari—Vireyna, ib.
Castruccio (Castracani), VI. 236.
Castrum Doloris, VI. 237.
Casualty, VI. 237.
Casuarina of New Holland, IV. 209.
Casuarius, bird, XVI. 616 ; XXI. 716.
Casuist and Casuistry, VI. 237.
Casween, VI. 212.
Cat, XIV. 122—its power of resisting
starvation, III. 167—worshipped by
the Egyptians, 262—instance of rea¬
soning in a, XII. 298, note.
Cat-fish, XII. 202.
Cat’s-eye, a mineral, VI. 237; XV. 157
—specific gravity of, XII. 28.
Cat-gut, VI. 237.
Cat Island, VI. 237.
Cat-salt, VI. 237.
Catabamba, in Peru, VI. 237.
Catacatche, XVI. 669.
Catachresis, in rhetoric, VI. 237.
Catacombs, VI. 237—of churches, III.
260—Romans, VI. 238; XIX. 431.
Catadromus, VI. 238.
Catagogion, Ephesian festival, VI. 238.
Catagrapha, VI. 238.
Catelepsy, XVII. 132.
Catalogues, VI. 238—of the fixed stars,
ib.; IV. 42, 95—bibliographical, 629
—ofHibraries, XIII. 297, 313.
Catalonia, in Spain, VI. 239.
Catalpa syringaefolia, XVII. 789.
Catamarans, VI. 100.
Catamarca, in La Plata, XVIII. 8.
Catana, VI. 239.
Catanduanes, island, VI. 239.
Catania, VI. 239 ; XV. 701—desolated
by eruptions of ^Etna, II. 204, 206—
earthquake at, XVII. 511.
Catanzaro, Italian city, VI. 240.
Cataphagus, insect, IX. 140.
Cataphracta, VI. 240.
Cataphractus, VI. 240—fish, XII. 203.
Cataphrygians, sect, VI. 240.
Catapulta, VI. 240.
Catara, in Dalmatia, VI. 240.
Cataract, disease of the eye, in the do¬
mestic animals, XXI, 636.
CAT
Cataracts, VI. 240—principal ones,
XVII. 525. See Waterfall.
Catarrh, VI. 240 ; XVII. 476—in the
domestic animals, XXI. 630.
Catastasis, in poetry, VI. 240.
Catastomus, fish, XII. 198.
Catastrophe, VI. 240.
Catch, in music, VI. 240—catch-pole,
ib.—catch-word, ib.
Catchew, specific gravity of, XII. 28.
Catcot (Mr), on the Deluge, VII. 700.
Catcott (Mr),on “ Rowley’s Poems,” VI.
335.
Cateau (Le), VI. 241—battle of, X. 87.
Catechesis and Catechetic, VI. 241.
Catechism and Catechist, VI. 241.
Catechu, yellow dye-stuff, VIII. 320—
its use in tanning, XXI. 77.
Catechumen, VI. 241.
Categorical, VI. 241.
Categories, VI. 241; XVII. 432—Aris¬
totle on, III. 510.
Catelan (Abbe de), IX. 637.
Catena (Paulus), VII. 276.
Catenarian curve, a defective form for
an arch, III. 384.
Catenary, properties of the, IX. 707.
Caterpillars, VI. 241 ; IX. 87 ; XVII.
721—mode of destroying, XII. 293,
294—remarkable instinct of, XII. 297
—in N. S. Wales, XXI. 717.
Caterva, VI. 241.
Catesby, conspirator, V. 305.
  (Mr), on birds, XVI. 546—on
the turtle, XIX. 130—on the guana,
144—on serpents, XX. 151, 152.
Catharine (St), XIX. 642—knights of
St Catharine of Mount Sinai, VI. 241
—fraternity of St Catharine at Sienna,
242.
  de’ Medicis, Davila’s represen¬
tation of, VII. 636.
Cathartes, birds, XVI. 559.
Cathartics, VI. 242.
Cathartin, VI. 467.
Cathedra, VI. 242.
Cathedrals, VI. 242—Gothic, III. 421,
430, 454—architecture of, 387, 474—
erection of by free-masons, XIV. 283
—society of cathedral-cities, X. 597.
Catherine I. empress of Russia, VI.
242—reign of, XIX. 546.
 II. empress of Russia, VI. 243
— reign of, XIX. 549—science en¬
couraged by, II. 71.
 , consort of Henry the Eighth,
XVII. 93; VIII. 743-6.
 (St), order of, VI. 246.
Catherine-wheel window, III. 470.
Catherine’s (St), island, VI. 246.
Catheter, elastic, VII. 567.
Cathetus, VI. 246—in architecture,
ib.; III. 465.
Catholic, VI. 246—king, ib.—church,
ib. See Roman Catholic.
Catiline (Lucius Severus), VI. 247,
691; XIX. 395.
Catingas, V. 201.
Catkin, in botany, V. 40, 49.
Catmandoo, in Hindustan, VI. 247.
Cato the Censor, VI. 247—on draining,
VIII. 137.
 of Utica, VI. 248; XIX. 395, 398.
 (Dionysius), IV. 370, n. 1.
Cato-street conspiracy, V. 549.
Catoptrics, VI. 249; XVI. 378.
Catoptromancy, VI. 249.
Catoptrophorus, bird, XVI. 625.
Catoxantha, insect, IX. 139.
Catrine, in Ayrshire, VI. 249.
Catrou (Francis), VI. 249.
Cattaro, in Dalmatia, VI. 249.
Cattegat, IV. 324, et seq.; XII. 682.
Catti, German people, VI. 249.
Cattini, VI. 2.
Cattiyellauni, VI. 249.
Cattle, breeding and management of, II.
321—fatting of, 326—mode of killing,
IX. 722—diseases of, XXI. 612.
   of America, II. 653 — Arabia,
III. 329 — Derbyshire, VII. 736—
Devonshire, 746 — Dumbartonshire,
VIII. 259—Dumfriesshire, 261—Dur-
CAT—CAY
ham, 290—England, 766—Germany,
X, 483—Sussex, XXI. 9.
Cattle-houses, II. 272.
Cattle-trade, II. 327—Irish, XII. 416.
Cattolica, Sicilian city, VI. 249.
Catullus (Caius Valerius), VI. 249—
poetry of, XVIII. 153.
Catz (James), VI. 249.
Cau, ruins at, VIIL 544.
Caubul. See Cabul.
Caucasian race of man, 11. 709; XIV.
200 ; XVII. 554, 697—its sub-divi¬
sions, II. 709—languages, XIII. 90.
Caucasus, VI. 250 ; XI. 33; XVII. 242.
Cauchy (Mons,), on equations, IX. 325,
341—his theory of waves, XII. 6—
on optics, XVI. 373.
Caudebec, French city, VI. 251.
Caufiristan, VI. 250.
Caulabagh, in Cabul, VI. 251.
Cauliculus, in architecture, III. 465.
 , in botany, V. 51.
Cauliflower, VI. 251—culture of, XI.
667.
Caulking of ships, VI. 251; XX. 288.
Caune (La), French town, VI. 251.
Cauquenes, hot springs of, VI. 524.
Caursines, VI. 251.
Cans (Salomon de), description of his
steam-apparatus, XX. 614.
Causality, faculty of, XVII. 464.
Causans (Chevalier de), on the quadra¬
ture of the circle, XX. 554.
Causation, XVII. 434, 436, 440—Male-
branche on, I. 78—Hume’s theory of,
211—Aristotle on. III. 498—Dr T.
Brown on, V. 602.
Cause, VI. 251—philosophical causes,
XVII. 436.
 and effect, notion of, XIV. 633—
Kant on, XII. 677.
Causeway, VI. 252.
Caussade, French city, VI. 252.
Caussin (Nicholas), VI. 252.
Caustic Curves, VI. 252; XVI. 400.
Causticity, VI. 252.
Caustics, VI. 252.
Cauterization, VI. 252.
Cautery, VI. 252.
Cautioner, VI. 252.
Cautiousness, XVII. 463.
Cavaillon, French city, VI. 252.
Cavalcade, VI. 252.
Cavaler-Maggiore, VI. 252.
Cavalier, VI. 252—English cavaliers
of the 17th century, V. 322.
Cavaliere (Cape), VI. 252.
Cavalieri (Bonaventure), VI. 252;
XIV. 317—his mathematical attain¬
ments and improvements, I. 436-9;
IX. 252—on the concentration of cold
by reflection, VII. 57.
Cavalla, XXI. 191.
Cavallo (Tiberius), VI. 252—his ex¬
periments in ahronautics, II. 181—on
electricity, VIII. 602, 605—on the
fusion of platinum by electricity, 627
—on the electrophorus, 644—his at¬
mospherical collector of electricity,
646—his self-charging electrical jar,
651—his electric multiplier, 653—his
electroscope, 654—on the magnetism
of brass, XIII. 708—his micrometer,
XV. 25.
Cavalry, VI. 255—Roman, III. 593—
modern, 596—French, 600—Austrian,
604—Russian, 607—Turkish, 614—
British, 620.
Cavan, in Ireland, VI. 255.
Cavanilles (Antonio Jose), VI. 257.
Cave, VI. 258—of Baumen, IV. 457—
artificial caves. III. 409—temperature
of, VI. 749-50—caves of Illyria, XII.
252—Indiana, 266—Kentucky, 697—
ossiferous, XV. 222.
 (Edward), VI. 258 ; XIII. 678.
— (Dr William), VI. 258—on mi¬
racles in the fourth century, II. 602.
Cavel'lo Porto, V. 765.
Cavendish (Thomas), VI. 259—his visit
to the Ladrone Islands, XVIII. 316.
 (Sir Charles), VII. 677.
111 (Lord C.), on capillary attrac-
CAV—CEL
tion, XII. 41—his self-registering
thermometer, XXI. 240.
Cavendish (Henry), VI. 260—levity of
hydrogen determined by, II. 181—on
the composition of the atmosphere,
IV. 134—on chromatics, VI. 634—on
the torpedo, VIII. 612—on electri¬
city, 572 ; and its chemical power, 629
—his discovery of the composition of
water, ib.; XXI. 818—on the electri¬
cal shock, VIH. 639.
 (Lord John), V.”421, et seq.
 (Margaret), VI. 260.
 (William), VI. 260.
 (Sir William), VI. 260.
Caversham, IV. 586.
Cavery, or Cauvery, river, VI. 265.
Caverypank, VI. 265.
Caveryporum, VI. 265.
Cavetto, in architecture. III. 442, 465.
Cavia, an animal, XIV. 140.
Caviano, Italian town, VI. 265.
Caviare, VI. 265.
Cavidos, V. 765.
Caviglia (Captain), on the pyramid of
Cheops, VIII. 547, 558—his discove¬
ries in Egypt, 558.
Cavite, in the Philippines, VI. 266.
Cavy, an animal, XIV. 141.
Cawnpore, in Hindustan, VI. 266.
Caxamarca, in Peru, VI. 266.
Caxamarquilla, in Peru, VI. 266.
Caxatamba, in Peru, VI. 266.
Caxton, (William), VI. 266; XVIII. 550
—works printed by, 551—his wretched
translations of the classics, IV. 626.
Cayagan Sooloo Isles, VI. 266.
Cayambe, XVI. 669.
Cayenne, VI. 267 ; XI. 22.
 pepper, VI. 267.
Caylus (Count de), VI. 267—on en¬
caustic painting, VIII. 694.
Cayman Islands, XII. 505.
Caymito, river, XVI. 783.
Cayster, or Caystrus, VI. 268.
Cazic, or Cazique, VI. 268.
Ceangi, V. 80.
Cebes, Greek philosopher, VI. 268.
Ceblepyris, bird, XVI. 571.
Cebrio, insect, IX. 140.
Cebrionites, insects, IX. 140.
Cebus, in zoology, XIV. 94.
Cecidomyia, insects, IX 260.
Cecil (Wm.), VI. 268. See Burghley.
 (Rev. W.), his regulator of ma¬
chinery, XIV. 420—his explosive mix¬
ture engine, 43l.
Cecilia (St.), VI. 269.
Cecropium, in Athens, IV. 123.
Cecrops, VI. 270 ; IV. 114, 142.
Cedar, XVII. 747, 781, 782, 785—cedars
of Lebanon, XXI. 60.
Cedar-wood, XXI. 296—sp.gr. of, XII. 28.
Cederstrem (Frederic), XXI. 26.
Cedreleae, in botany, V. 103.
Cedrenus (George), VI. 270.
Ceely (Robert), on cow-pox, XXI. 536.
Cefalu, Italian city, VI. 270.
Ceiling, in architecture, VI. 270 5 III.
462—in ship-building, XX. 284,
Ceimelia, VI. 270.
Ceimeliarchium, VI. 270.
Ceimeliophylax, VI. 270.
Celarent, in logic, VI. 270.
Celastrus, VI. 270.
Celebes, VI. 270—the Bugis of, III.
693—language, of, XIII. 92.
Celebes, Roman soldiers, VI. 271.
Celerity, VI. 271. See Velocity.
Celery, VI. 271—culture of, XI. 675.
Celestine, in mineralogy, XV. 143.
Celestins, religious order, VI. 271.
Celestius, XX. 87.
Celestrineae, in botany, V. 105.
Celetes, or Celetae, VI. 271.
Celeusma, VI. 271.
Celeustes, VI. 271.
Celibacy, VI. 271—few inclined to,
XIV. 509—of Catholic clergy, XVIII
405—infamous in Sparta, XX. 528.
Celibate, VI. 271; XVIII. 405.
Celidographia, VI. 272.
Celindko, VI. 272.
INDEX
35
CEL—CEN
Cell, VI. 272.
Cella, VI. 272—a fountain in Aragon,
III. 373—in architecture, 465.
Cellabs, VI. 272—cold of, VII. 58.
Cellaber, VI. 272.
Cellabium, VI. 272.
Cellarius (Christopher), VI. 273.
Cellbridge, or Kildrought, VI. 273.
Cellerfeld, in Hanover, VI. 273.
Cellini (Benvenuto), VI. 273.
Cellular plants, V. 37, 53.
  tissue of the human body, II.
713 ; XVII. 581, 597—of brutes, III.
158—of plants, 57, 53—of leaves, 94.
Cellulares, in botany, V. 138. '
Celonites, insects, IX. 230.
Celsius, centesimal thermometer of, I.
643; IV. 393.
Celsus (Aurelius Cornelius), VI. 273—
his anatomical knowledge, II. 688—
his skill in surgery, XX. 823—on the
qualities necessary in a surgeon, 832.
- ’, Epicurean philosopher, VI. 273.
Celtaj or Celts, VI. 273; II. 710; V.
293, et seq.; IX. 410; X. 620—Celtic
language, V. 295 ; IX. 42, 388 ; XIII.
86; XVII. 378, 414, 422—bards, 415
—Celtic origin of the Irish, XII. 349;
and Gallovidians, XXI. 882, 884.
Celtes, VI. 277.
Celtic Academy at Paris, II. 76.
Celtiberia, in Spain, VI. 277—people
of, XX. 490.
Cement, VI. 277 ; XIV. 289—Parker’s,
V. 678—plastering with, 680—decay
of, on walls , 681—Puzzulana terra,
XVIII. 744.
Cementation, VI. 278.
Cemetery, V. 746, 278—influence of
cemeteries on health, XIV. 512.
Ceneda, Italian city, VI. 278.
Cenegill, VI. 278.
Cenobite, or Coenobite, VII. 17.
Cenotaph, VI. 278.
Censer, VI. 279
Censio, VI. 279.
Censitus, VI. 279.
Censors (Roman), VI. 279; XIX. 374.
 of books, VI. 279 ; IV. 628—in
Russia, XIX. 584.
Censorinus, grammarian, VI. 279.
Censure, VI. 279.
Census, VI. 279.
Cent, VI. 280.
Centaur, VI. 280.
Centello, Italian town, VI. 280.
Centenarius, VI. 280.
Centenes, in zoology, XIV. 104.
Centenius Penula, defeat of, VI. 201.
Center. See Centre.
Centesima XJsura, VI. 293.'
Centesimation, VI. 293.
Centigrade thermometer, IV. 393.
Centiloquium, VI. 294.
Centlivre (Susanna), VI. 294.
Cento, VI. 294.
Centonarii, VI. 294.
Centorbi, Sicilian town, VI. 294.
Central forces, VI. 294 ; VIII. 381.
Centrarchus, fish, XII. 169.
Centre, VI. 280; V. 684—that used
for the bridge of Orleans, XX. 759.
•  of Gravity, VI. 293; XIV.
349,350, 372,442—of ships, XX. 238.
  OF MOTION, VI. 293.
 of oscillation, XIX. 497.
 of percussion, XIX. 495.
 of a sphere, VI. 293.
 (Canal du), X. 172 ; XVI. 5.
Centrifugal force, VI. 294—machine
for shewing, XIV. 454.
Centrina, fish, XII. 233.
Centrinus, insect, IX. 174.
Centripetal force, VI. 294—inverse
problem of, VIII. 384—measures of,
XVIII. 778.
Centris, insect, IX. 234.
Centriscus, fish, XII. 197.
Centrolophus, fish, XII. 187.
Centropomus, fish, XII. 168
Centropristis, fish, XII. 169.
Centropus, bird, XVI. 598.
Centvotus, insect, IX. 204.
CEN—CES
Centumviri, VI. 294.
Centurion, VI. 294 ; III. 591.
Century, VI. 294.
Ceorles, VI. 294.
Ceos, Greek island, VI. 294.
Cephalia, insect, IX. 285.
Cephalic, VI. 295.
Cephalonia, VI. 295; XII. 341—plague
in, XVII. 777.
Cephalopoda, mollusca, XV. 350—struc¬
ture of, XVII. 718.
Cephaloptera, fish, XII. 236.
Cephalopterus, bird, XVI. 569.
Cephalotes, in zoology, XIV. 100.
Cephalus, angling for, III. 147.
Cephas, insect, IX. 218.
Cephrenes, pyramid of, VIII. 548.
Cephus, bird, XVI. 630.
Cepola, fish, XII. 189.
Ceram, island, VI. 295.
Cerambycini, insects, IX. 178.
Cerambyx, insect, IX. 179.
Cerami, Sicilian town, VI. 295.
Ceramicus, in ancient Athens, IV. 116,
125—Ceramic edifices, 116.
Ceramius, insect, IX. 231.
Ceramlaut Isles, VI. 295.
Cerastes, serpent, XX. 154—its power
of abstinence, II. 46.
Ceratina, insect, IX. 233.
Ceration, VI. 295.
Ceratophrys, reptile, XIX. 154.
Ceratophyllese, in botany, V. 108.
Ceratopogon, insect, IX. 259.
Ceraunus, VIII. 470.
Cerberus, VI. 295.
Cercaria, genus of animalcules, III. 190.
Cercele, in heraldry, VI. 295.
Cercocebus, in zoology, XIV. 92.
Cercodese,in botany, V. 110.
Cercopis, insect, IX. 204.
Cercopithecus, in zoology, XIV. 91.
Cercus, insect, IX. 148.
Cerdonians, heretics, VI. 295.
Cerealia, VI. 295.
Cerebellum, II. 807; XVII. 660, 673,
676, 689—its functions, XIV. 583;
XVII. 461, 470—of brutes. III. 30.
Cerebrum, II. 807. See Brain.
Ceremonial, VI. 295.
Ceremony, VI. 296.
Cereopsis, bird, XVI. 636.
Ceres, heathen goddess, VI. 296 ; VII.
332—priests of, 583—mysteries of,
VIII. 664 ; XV. 667.
 , one of the planets, IV. 29—its
discovery. III. 748.
Ceret, in France, VI. 296.
Ceria, insect, IX. 272.
Cerignola, Italian city, VI. 296.
Cerigo, VI. 296 ; XII. 341.
Cerine, in mineralogy, XV. 162.
Cerinthians, heretics, VI. 296.
Cerinthus, heresiarch, VI. 296.
Cerite, specific gravity of, XII. 28.
Cerithiadse, mollusca, XV. 364.
Cerithium, molluscum, XV. 347.
Cerium, a metal, VI. 296, 400—salts of
oxides of, 448.
Cerium-ore, in mineralogy, XV. 162.
Cerne Abbas, in Dorset, VI. 296.
Cerneux-Pequinot, VI. 296.
Cerocoma, insects, IX. 168.
Cerones, VI. 2.
Coropales, insects, IX. 229.
Cerophytum, insect, IX. 140.
Cerreto, Italian city, VI. 296.
Certallum, insect, IX. 179.
Certhia, bird, XVI. 588.
Certiorari, in law, VI. 296.
Cerulin, VI. 488 ; VIII. 325.
Cervantes, XIX. 594—novels of, 350
—his Don Quixote, I. 96—dramas of,
XVIII. 163.
Cervera, Spanish towns, VI. 296.
Cervical vertebrae, II. 760.
 muscles, II. 793.
Cervinara, in Italy, VI. 297.
Cervus, in zoology, XIV. 157.
 volans, VI. 296.
Cerylon, insect, IX. 176.
Ceryx, VI. 296.
Cesare, in logic, VI. 297.
CES—CHA
Cesarotti (Melchior), VI. 297—his
dissertation on Ossian, XVI. 658.
Cesena, Italian city, VI. 298.
Cessart (Monsieur de), V. 216.
Cessio bonorum, VI. 298.
Cess-pools, building of, V. 670.
Cestoidea, zoophytes, XXI. 996.
Cestracion, fish, XII. 233.
Cestui, VI. 298.
Cestus, VI. 298.
Cetacea, XIV. 168; II. 708-9—their
bones, III. 3—organs of smell, 21—
eyes, 22—ears, 25, et seq.—vocal or¬
gans, 28—nervous system, 30—teeth,
3 2—stomach, 3 6—structure,X VII. 709.
Cetine, VI. 441,442.
Cetonia, insects, IX. 161.
Cetoniides, insects, IX. 161.
Cetosia, insects, IX. 241.
Cette, French city, VI. 298.
Cetti (F.), on birds, XVI. 549.
Cetus, constellation, VI, 298.
Ceulen (Ludolph Van), II. 498 ; X. 429.
Ceuta, VI. 298; XV. 505; XVIII. 464.
Ceutorhynchus, insect, IX. 174.
Ceva, Italian city, VI. 298.
Cevadic acid, VI. 430.
Cevennes mountains, VI. 298; IX. 407.
Ceylanite, in mineralogy, XV. 155—
specific gravity of, XII. 28.
Ceylon, VI. 298—castes in, 221—cul¬
tivation of cinnamon in, 700—pearl-
divers of, VIII. 60—inland navigation
of, XVI. 4—serpents of, XX. 136-
weights and measures of, XXI. 852.
See Candy.
Ceyx, bird, XVI. 593.
Chabasie, specific gravity of, XII. 28—
optical phenomena of, XVI. 369.
Chabasite, in mineralogy, XV. 151.
Chablais, in Savoy, VI. 306.
Chachapoyas, in Peru, VI. 306.
Chactaw Indians, XV. 300.
Chadchod, VI. 306.
Chader, island, VI. 306.
Chserephon, XX. 457.
Cha:ronea, in Boeotia, VI. 306—battle
of, XIII. 629.
Chastodon, fish, XII. 178.
Chaetopterus, worm, XI. 221.
Chaff-cutter, II. 269.
Chaffery, VI. 306.
Chaffinch, XVI. 581.
Chagres, river, XVI. 782—town, 786.
Chailletiacese, in botany, V. 127.
Chain, VI. 306—use of chains in machi¬
nery, XIV. 446.
  of animals, IX. 92.
 of being, XV. 740.
 Island, VI. 306.
Chain-bridges. See Bridge.
Chain-cables, XX. 55.
Chain-pump, XII. 99—used as a water¬
wheel, XXI. 802.
Chair, VI. 306—Curule—Sedan, ib.
Chaise, VI. 306.
Chajotli, or Chayoti, VI. 306.
Chalawar, in Hindustan, VI. 306»
Chalaza, VI. 307—in botany, V. 46, 50.
Chalcedon, VI. 307.
Chalcedony, V. 786 ; XV. 157 ; XII. 28.
Chalceus, fish, XII. 212.
Chalcides, reptiles, XIX. 150.
Chalcidiae, insects, IX. 226.
Chalcidic, VI. 307.
Chalcidius, philosopher, VI. 307.
Chalcis, insect, IX. 226.
Chaleo, in Mexico, XIV. 814.
Chalcondylas (Demetrius), VI. 307.
Chaleos, coin, XIV. 470.
Chaldea, IV. 270; VI. 307.
Chaldaeans, IV. 270—their astronomy,
III. 722-day,VII. 643—dial,756—my¬
thology, XV. 679—philosophy, XVII.
426—polytheism, XVIII. 332—sculp¬
ture, XX. 1—origin of their name,
XVII. 358. See Babylonia.
Chaldee alphabet, II. 548—versions of
the Bible, IV. 615 ; XIX. 789—Para¬
phrase, VI. 307—language, XIII. 83;
XVII. 360, 373—Xargum, XXI. 80.
Chaldron, VI. 307.
Chalice, VI. 307.
CPIA
Chalk, VI. 307—black and red, ib.—
stones, 308—specific gravity of, XII.
28—rocks of, XV. 208—much of it
the produce ofanimalcules,XXI. 1021.
Challenge, VI- 308.
Challis (Mr), on hydrodynamics, XII. 8—
on light, XVI. 373—on the theory of
sounds, XX. 484.
Chalmers (Alex.), VI. 309, n. 3.
 (George), VI. 308, 94 —on the
agriculture of Scotland, II. 254—on
the corn raised and consumed in the
United Kingdom, VII. 354.
 (James), VI. 301.
 (Dr Thos.) on the wonders dis¬
closed by the microscope. III. 184—
on pauperism, X. 546.
Chalo, river in Asia, VI. 311.
Chaloner (Sir Thomas), VI. 311.
 (Sir Thos.), the younger,VI. 312.
 (Thos.), his alum-works, II. 573.
Chalonne, French city, VI. 311.
Chalons, VI. 312—battle of, XIX. 422.
Chaloo, in Thibet, VI. 312.
Chalus, French city, VI. 312.
Chalybseus, bird, XVI. 568.
Chalybeate. VI. 312—springs, XVII.
527 ; in Clare, VI. 725.
Cham of Tartary, VI. 312.
Chama, in conchology, XV. 342.
Chamade, in war, VI. 312.
Chamselaucieae, in botany, V. 109.
Chamaeleo, XIX. 148. See Chameleon.
Chamselionkhe, XIX. 148.
Chamanim, VI. 312.
Chamarin, VI. 312.
Chamavi, VII. 275.
Chambah, in Hindustan, VI. 312
Chamber, VI. 312.
 (Privy), VI. 312.
Chamberlain, VI. 313.
Chamberlayne (Edward), VI. 313.
 (John), VI. 313.
Chambers (David), VI. 313.
 (Ephraim) VI. 313.
  (Sir Win.) on Greek and Roman
architecture, III. 422, 430—on the
principles of Vitruvius,425—his merits
as an architect, 429—on Chinese gar¬
dening, VI. 585.
Chambersburgh, atown in Pennsylvania,
XVII. 224.
Chambery, in Italy, VI. 313.
Chambord, French town, VI. 314.
Chameleon, XIX. 148 — its vertebrae,
III. 13—erectile arrangement in its
tongue, 27—its structure, XVII. 714.
Chamfer, in architecture, III. 465.
Chamier (Daniel), VI. 314.
Chamois, XIV. 163.
Chamomile, its culture in Derbyshire,
VII. 736—used as a dye-stuff, VIII.
321—an antiseptic, XVIII. 743.
Chamond, French city, VI. 314.
Chamos, or Chemosh, VI. 314.
Chamouni, in Savoy, VI. 314.
Champagne, French town, V. 314.
 wine, XIV. 255; XXI. 901-
briskness of, 900. See the article
Wine-making, passim.
Champagney, VI. 314.
Champagnole, French town, VI. 314.
Champagny’s Archipelago, VI. 314.
Champain, in heraldry, VI. 315.
Champaubert, battle of, X. 167.
Champerty, in law, VI. 315.
Champion, VI. 315.
Champlain canal, XVI. 24.
 , lake, XXI. 603—military ope¬
rations on it, in 1813, V. 538.
Champlitte, French city, VI. 315.
Champniers, French village, VI. 315.
Champollion (Mons.), on Egyptian ar¬
chitecture, III. 409, 410—his system
of hieroglyphics, VIII. 216 ; XI. 341
—Egyptian temples, &c. visited by»
VIII. 534, et seq.
Chamusca, in Portugal, VI. 315.
Chanak Kalesi, VI. 315.
Chananah, VI. 315.
Chancay, in Peru, VI. 315.
Chance, VI. 315—doctrine of, XIV,
322 ; XVIII. 591. See Probability.
36
INDEX
CHA
Chance-Medley, in law, VI. 315.
Chancel, VI. 316.
Chancellor, VI. 316—of Oxford, XXI.
496—of St Andrews, 510—of Glas¬
gow, 513.
 (J.), his scapement, VI. 776.
Chancery, VI. 316—inns of, XII. 282,
Chandah, in Hindustan, VI. 317.
Chandahnee, in Hindustan, VI. 317.
Chandernagore, VI. 317.
Chandgherry, in Hindustan, VI. 317.
Chandler (Mary), VI. 317.
 (Dr Samdel), VI. 317.
Chandos (Sir John), VI. 611.
Chandpoor, in Hindustan, VI. 318.
Chandragiri, VI 318.
Chandragupti, VI. 318,
Chandree, VI. 318.
Chang, in Thibet, VI. 318,
Changlee, VI. 318.
Chang-tong, in China, VI. 318.
Channa, fish, VI. 318,
Channel-fisheries, IX. 594.
Channing (Dr), on Milton, XV. 105.
Chansi, in China, VI. 318.
Chant, VI. 318.
Chanter, VI. 319.
Chantilly, French town, VI. 319.
Chantrey, his sculpture, XX. 10.
Chantry, or Chauntry, VI. 319,
Chaology, VI. 319.
Chaos, VI. 319.
Chao-tcheou-fou, VI. 319.
Chapala, lake, XIV. 798.
Chapeau,in heraldry, VI. 319 ; XI. 257.
Chapel, VI, 319—Knights of the, ib.
Chapel-en-le-Frith, VI. 320.
Chapel-Hill, VI. 320.
Chapelain (John), VI. 320.
Chapeele (C. E. L,), VI, 320; I. 108.
Chaperon, VI. 320.
Chapingo, in Mexico, XIV. 814.
Chaplain, VI. 320.
Chaplet, VI. 320.
Chapman (Geo.), poet, VI. 320.
 (Mr), on dry rot, VIII. 227, 231,
232—on the strength of ropes, XIX.
459—his rope-machine, 464, 467—on
the sails of ships, XX. 251—on naval
architecture, 266.
Chappe, in heraldry, VI. 320.
Chappe’s telegraph, XXI. 138.
Chappel CWilliam), VI. 320.
Chaptal (J. A. C.), VI. 320—his pro¬
cess for making alum, II. 571, 577—
his mode of whitening paper, IV. 692
—on the French cotton-manufacture,
VII. 417, note—his connexion with
Laplace, XIII. 101.
Chapter, VI. 321.
Char, XII. 208—angling for. III. 144.
Characinus, fish, XII. 212.
Characters, VI. 321—Chinese, 563.
See Alphabet.
Character, in poetry, VI. 324—^difficulty
of estimating national, IV. 162.
Charade, VI. 324.
Charadrius, bird, XVI. 617.
Charaims, sect of Jews, VI. 325.
Charak, VI. 325.
Charamakotan, VI. 325.
Charcoal, VI. 325, 368—electricity de¬
veloped in the combustion of, VIII.
605—its use. in filters, IX. 581—its
power of sw'eetening tainted meat,
734—for laboratories, X. 276—for
gunpowder, XI. 78—fused by galvan¬
ism, XXI. 677. See Carbon.
Chard, in Somersetshire, VI. 325.
Chardel (Mons.), on stomach-diseases,
XVII. 479, 482, 483.
Chardin (Sir John), traveller, VI. 325.
Charente, VI. 325—Lower, 326.
Chares, ancient statuary, VI. 326.
Charge, VI. 326—in heraldry, ib. XI.
247,252.
Charged, VI. 326.
Charger, XL 592.
Charicles, XX. 465.
Charing-Cross, London, XIII. 544,
Chariots, VI. 326—ancient. III. 261,
Charisia, ancient festival, VI. 327.
Cbarisius, VI. 327.
CHA
Charistia, Roman festival, VI. 327.
Charisticary, VI. 327.
Charitable Corporation, V. 378.
 Institutions in England, VIII.
789. See London, Dublin, &c.
Charite (La), French city, VI. 327.
Charity, VI. 327 ; XVII. 335, n. See
Alms-giving, Mendicity.
 (Brothers and Sisters of), VI. 329.
Charkow, in Russia, VI. 329.
Charlatan, VI. 329.
Charlemagne,VI. 329 ; XL 481—reign
of, X. 7—academy founded by, II. 67
—dates of his coronation and death,
VI. 655—his proceedings in Germany,
X. 479—on image-worship, XII. 241
—Lombardy conquered by, 467—his
encouragement of learning, XIH. 292,
n.; XXI. 483; and of art, XVI. 707
—romances concerning, XIX. 331—
his invasion of Spain, XX. 495.
Charlemont (Earl of), XII. 383.
Charleroi, VI. 329.
Charles Martel, VI. 329 ; X. 6.
 le Gros, VI. 329.
 the Simple, X. 11.
   the Fair, X. 15.
 the Prudent, X. 20.
 I. of England, his matrimonial
visit to Spain, V. 308—history of his
reign, 310—execution of, 333—influ¬
ence of the civil war of 1640 on the
intellectual character of the nation,
L 48—archery in his reign, III. 399,
401—fond of chess, VI. 519—his visits
to Edinburgh, VIII. 413—his policy
towards Ireland, XII. 367—his navy,
XVI. 41; XX. 224—a patron of Shak-
speare, XX. 172 — an accomplished
prince, ib., n.—his encouragement of
the theatre, XXI. 192.
 I. of Spain (V. of Germany), his
reign, XX. 501—his abdication and
character, 502. See Charles V.
 II. of England, XIII. 546 ; XI.
768—his expedition to Scotland, V.
334—coronation there, 335—invasion
of England, and defeat at Worcester,
336—escape to France, ib.—reign of,
341—his death and character, 354
—Robert Barclay’s dedication to, IV.
377—his treatment of Colonel Blood,
—his regulations as to the coin¬
age, VII. 34—improvements in coin¬
ing-machinery in his reign, 36—act
prohibiting exportation of corn, 336
—licentiousness of the stage, VIII.
171, 172; XXI. 193—Edinburgh in
the reign of, VIII. 414—duelling, 253
—his policy towards Ireland, XII. 373
—his navy, XVI. 42 ; XX. 225.
 II. of Spain, XX. 503,
 HI. of Spain, XX. 504.
 IV. of Spain, XX. 504.
    V., emperor of Germany, VI.
330—his expedition against Algiers,
II. 505—dominions of, IV. 219—his
policy towards the Netherlands, XL
510—his wars in Italy, XII. 476—
Robertson’s History of, XIX. 301—
his Spanish reign, XX. 501—his ab¬
dication and character, 502—Titian
patronized by, XXL 318.
 V., king of France, X. 20—his lib¬
rary, IV. 775.
 VI. of France, X. 20.
 — VII. of France, X. 23.
  VIII. of France, reign of, X. 28
—his army, III. 596.
 IX. of France, X. 32.
 IX. of Sweden, XXL 16.
 X. of Sweden, XXL 20.
 XI. of Sweden, XXL 21.
 XII. of Sweden, VI. 330; VII.
723—his reign, XXI. 21—his army,
III. 597—his desij ?ns against George I.,
V. 376—fond of chess, VI. 519—his
wars with the Russians, XIX. 542.
 XIII. of Sweden, XXI. 28.
Gustavus, king of Sweden, VII.
722.
 , Duke of Burgundy, his invasion
of Switzerland, XXI. 43,
CHA
Charles Edward Stuart, his expedition to
Scotland, V. 381—his visit to Dum¬
fries, VIII. 263 — Edinburgh taken
by, 415.
   (Monsieur) his hydrogen gas
balloons, II. 185, 187.
Charles’s Wain, VI. 330.
Charleston, in Carolina, VI. 331.
Charlestown, in the state of Massa¬
chusetts, VI. 331.
 , in Fife, quarrying at, IV. 677. •
Charleton (Walter), VI. 331—his im¬
provements in anatomy, II. 699.
Charleville, French city, VI. 329.
Charlieu, French city, VI. 331.
Charliquen, VI. 331.
Charlotte (Princess), her marriage to
Prince Leopold, V. 542.
Charlottetown, XII. 591.
Charm, VI. 331.
Charmes, French town, VI. 331.
Charnel, or Charnel House, VI. 331.
Charnock on the history of marine ar¬
chitecture, XX. 210.
Charolles, in France, VI. 331.
Charon, VI. 331; XX. 785.
Charondas, VI. 331.
Charons, a Hindu sect, XI. 31.
Charpentier (Monsieur) quoted on cere¬
bral disease, XVII. 490.
 (Francis), VI. 331.
Charr. See Char.
Charron (Peter), VI. 331—relations
between him and Montaigne, I. 52, 53.
Charruas, II. 616.
Charts, VI. 331—recent improvements
of, XX. 58.
Charta, VI. 332—Magna, ib.
Charter, in law, VI. 332.
Charter-House, London, VI. 333 ; XIII.
523.
Charter-party, VI. 332.
Chartophylax, VI. 332.
Chartre, in France, VI. 333.
Chartres, in France, VI. 333.
Chartreuse, VI. 333; XIII. 523.
Chartulary, VI. 333.
Charybdis, VI. 333 ; XV. 701.
Chase, VI. 333 ; XX. 301,n. wild-goose
chase, 334. See Shooting.
Chase-guns, VI. 333.
Chase-mortise, in carpentry, V, 685.
Chasewater engine, XX. 631.
Chasidim, XVII. 358.
Chasing, or Enchasing, VIII, 698.
 , in naval warfare, XXI. 763.
Chasmodia, insects, IX. 157.
Chasse (General) his defence of the ci¬
tadel of Antwerp, IX. 779.
Chastelet (Madame du), notice of her
writings, I. 185-6—on the force of
moving bodies, 539.
Chastity, VI. 334 ; XX. 75—duty of,
XV. 474—defence of, XX. 82.
Chat-moss, Roscoe’s drainage of, II. 314.
Chateau-Chinon, in France, VI. 334.
Chateau-Gontier, VI. 334.
Chateau-du-Loire, VI. 334,
Chateau-Neuf, VI. 334.
Chateau-Ponsat, VI. 334.
Chateau-Renard, VI. 334.
Chateau-Roux, VI. 334.
Chateau-Salines, VI. 334.
Chateau-Thierry, VI. 334.
Chateaubriand, his account of the Dead
Sea, III. 704—of Jerusalem, XII. 544
—of Palestine, XVI. 740,
Chateaubriant, VI. 334.
Chateaudun, VI. 334.
Chateaulin, VI. 334.
Chatellerault, VI. 334.
Chatham, in Kent, VI. 334; XII. 696
—dockyard at, VIII. 82.
 , in New Brunswick, XVI. 148.
 Island, IV. 217.
 (W., earl of). See Pitt.
 (J., 2nd earl of), his conduct of
the Walcheren expedition, V. 528.
Chati, in zoology, XIV. 122.
Chatillon, VI. 335—des Dombes, ib.
Chatoessus, fish, XII. 215.
Chattelaine, his engravings, IX. 53.
Chattels, VI. 335.
CHA—CHE
Chatterers, birds, XVI. 670.
Chatteris, VI. 335.
Chatterpoor, VI. 335; V. 704.
Chatterton (Tho.), VI. 335—Bryant’s
work on his “ Rowley’s Poems,” V.
619—poetry of, XVIII. 172—publi¬
cation of “ Rowley’s Poems,” XXI.
442-3.
Chaucer (Geoffrey), VI. 336—com¬
pared with Barbour, IV. 371—ob¬
scenity of his Canterbury Tales, VI.
600—language of, IX. 40 ; understood
by the descendants of an English co¬
lony in Wexford, XXL 867—poetry
of, XVIII. 168.
Chaud Medley, in law, VI. 338.
Chaulieu, poetry of, XVIII. 166.
Chauliodes, insects, IX. 213.
Chauliodus, fish, XII. 200.
Chaumont, in France, VI. 338.
Chauna, bird, XVI. 627.
Chauny, French city, VI. 339.
Chaussier (Mons.), on the layers of the
skin, II. 750—on medical jurispru¬
dence, XIV. 492.
Chauvelin (Monsieur), V. 467.
Chauvet, a blind organist, IV. 702.
Chauvin (Stephen), VI. 339.
Chaux de Fonds, VI. 339.
Chaves, Portuguese town, VI. 339.
Chaworth (Mr), killed in a duel by
Lord Byron in 1765, VIII. 254.
Chayanta, in Bolivia, VI. 339.
Chazelles (Jean Mathieu), VI. 339.
Chazinzarians, heretics, VI. 339.
Cheadle, or Cheodle, VI. 506.
Checky, in heraldry, VI. 339.
Cheduba, island, VI. 339.
Cheeks, VI 339.
 , in shipbuilding, XX. 285.
Cheek-bone, human, II. 777.
Cheesapany, VI. 339.
Cheese, VI. 340—Cambridgeshire, VI,
34—Stilton, XIII. 209—Parmesan,
475—cheese-trade in London, 507—
cheese-dairies, VII. 591.
Cheilinus, fish, XII. 195.
Cheilodactylus, fish, XII. 176,
Cheiromys, in zoology, XIV. 130,
Cheiroptera, in zoology, XIV. 98.
Cheke (Sir John), VI. 340.
Chekwall, in Lahore, VL 340.
Chelidonias, VI. 340.
Chelidonius lapis, VI. 340.
Chelifer, genus of arachnides. III, 366,
Chelmer navigation, XVI. 11.
Chelmon, fish, XII. 178.
Chelmsford, town in Essex, VI. 340.
Chelonia, insects, IX. 248.
  , an order of reptiles, XIX. 127-
bones of, III. 13, et seq.—structure
of, XVII. 713.
Chelonus, insect, IX. 222.
Chelostoma, insects, IX. 233.
Chelsea, VI. 340; XIII. 541—botanic
garden of, XX. 397.
Cheltenham, a town in Gloucester¬
shire, VI, 340.
Chelys, reptile, XIX. 132.
Chemise, VI. 340—fire-chemise, ib.
Chemistry, VI. 341 — vague notions
and theories- of the first experimenters
in, I. 453—its beneficial application to
pharmacy, 454—discoveries of Van
Helmont and Roger Bacon, ib.—che¬
mical composition of animal bodies,
II. 705; XVII. 618—Bayen’s mode of
analyzing minerals, IV. 465—use of
the blowpipe in, 713—Mr Cavendish’s
influence in promoting discovery in,
VI. 261—his experiments on factitious
air, ib.—crystallization, VII. 505—
application of electricity to, VIII. 572
—chemical changes produced by elec¬
tricity on inorganic bodies, 625; XXL
673, 678, 698—filtration in, IX. 582
—furnaces used in, X. 273—heat
from chemical action, XI. 195 —
influence of magnetism on chemical
action, XIII. 723—influence of che¬
mistry in improving medicine, XIV.
516, 523, 525—pathological chemistry,
518 — chemical effects of the solar
INDEX
37
CHE—CHE
spectrum, XVI. 421—vital affinity,
XVII. 137, 593, 595, 618, 652 —
Egyptian knowledge of, 430—chemi¬
cal functions of animals, 581, 592, 618
— chemical constitution of organized
matter, 618—proximate animal prin¬
ciples, 619—effects of respiration, 646
—chemical power of the electric pile,
XXI. 673—chemical effects of voltaic
electricity, 678 ; and of thermo-elec¬
tricity, 698. See Cold, Heat, Electro¬
chemistry, Oxygen, &c.
Chemnitz, VI. 506.
■ (Martin), VI. 506.
Chemosh, VI. 314. ,
Chemosis, disease of the eyes, VI. 506.
Chenalopex, bird, XVI. 636.
Chenier (Marie Joseph de), VI. 506.
Chennium, insect, IX. 187.
Chenopodeae, in botany, V. 125.
Cheodee, or Cheadle, VI. 507.
Cheops, pyramid of, VIII. 547, 558.
Chepstow, in Monmouthshire, VI. 507
—scenery near, X. 341.
Chequers, origin of that sign, III. 308.
Cher, in France, VI. 507.
Cherasco, Italian city, VI. 507.
Cherbourg, in France, VI. 507—break¬
water of, V. 215.
Cherem, VI. 507.
Cheribon, town in Java, VI. 507.
Cherilus, Greek poet, VI. 507.
Cherokees, II. 619, 631; X. 470.
Cheron^a, in Boeotia, VI. 306—battle
of, XIII. 629.
Cherons, XI. 397.
Cherries, culture of, XL 645, 659.
Cherry-trees, XVII. 788—gum of, VI.
478—sp. gr. of wood, XII. 28.
Cherry-coal, VI. 444.
Cherso, island, VI. 507.
Cherson, in Russia, VI. 508—coasts
and ports of, IV. 660.
Chersonesus, VI. 508.
 Taurica, VII. 471.
Cherub, VI. 508.
Cherubini on the fugue, XV. 639.
Chervil, XI. 675.
Chesapeake Bat, VI. 508 5 XIV. 271.
Cheselden (William), VI. 508—his
anatomical labours, II. 701, 703.
Chesham, tovrn in Bucks, VI. 508.
Cheshire, VI. 508—breed of pigs, II.
338—cheese, VII. 591—elevation of
the bed of the sea in, XV. 218—salt
mines in, XV. 248.
Chesne (Joseph du), VI. 347.
Chess, VI. 511—Kempelen’s automa¬
ton chess-player, III. 124.
Chest, VI. 519. See Thorax.
 (Water in the). See Hydrothorax.
Chester, VI. 519—mysteries performed
there, VIII. 153 — Ellesmere canal,
XVI. 12.
 , in Nova Scotia, XVI. 286.
 , in Pennsylvania, VI. 520.
Chester-le-Street, VIII. 290.
Chesterfield, VI. 520—canal, XVI. 11.
 (Earl of). See Stanhope.
Chestnut-tree, culture of, XI. 650 —
sweet) XVII. 783—horse, 784, 787—
timber, XXI. 295—old tree at Tam-
worth, 588.
. Chetore, VI. 591.
Cheuque of Chili, VI. 526.
Cheval-de-Frise, VI. 520; IX. 786.
Chevaler, VI. 520.
Chevalier, VI. 520.
-—  (Monsieur), on the plain of Troy,
XXL 3C,0.
Chevan, VI. 617.
Chevaux-de-frise, VI. 520 ; IX. 780.
Cheveron, in heraldry, XL 249.
Cheviot hills, VI. 520—sheep, II. 329 ;
XIX. 512.
Chevreau (Urban), VI. 520—his Table-
talk, II, 675.
Chevreul (Monsieur), his analysis of fat,
II. 716; XVII. 597.
Chews, VII. 80.
Cheyletus, a genus of arachnides. III.
368.
Cueyne (Dr George), VI. 520—on the
CHI
connection between the stomach and
liver, XVII. 491.
Chiabrera (Gabriel), VI. 520—merits
cf his poetry, XVIII. 161.
Chiapa, in Mexico, VI. 520 ; XIV. 817.
Chiaramonte, Sicilian town, VI. 521.
Chiari (Joseph), VI. 520.
Chiaro-scuro, VI. 732 ; XVII. 286—
engraY’ing, IX. 44, 45.
Chiastolite, in mineralogy, XV. 155.
Chiausi, VI. 521.
Chiavari, Italian city, VI. 521.
Chiavenna, Italian town, VI. 521.
Chica, in Peru, XVII. 305.
 Natakana Hullt, VI. 521.
Chicane, or Chicanery, VI. 521.
Chichacotta, in Hindustan, VI. 521.
Chichas, in Bolivia, VI. 521.
Chichemecas, XIV. 757.
Chichester, VI. 521—canal, XVI. 17.
Chichimcks, II. 622.
Chickara, in zoology, XIV. 162.
Chickasaw Indians, XV. 300.
Chicken-pox, XXI. 535.
Chicklana, Spanish tmvn, VI. 521.
Chickoort, in Hindustan, VI. 521.
Chick-pea, hairs of, III. 69.
Chief, VI. 521—in heraldry, ib.; XI.
247.
Chieftain, VI. 522.
Chieri, Italian city, VI. 522.
Chieti, Italian city, VI. 522.
Chigi (Fabio), VI. 522.
Chihuahua, district and town in Mexi¬
co, VI. 522 ; XIV. 817.
Chilblain, VI. 522.
Child (Sir Josiah),on interest, XII. 324—
on political economy, XVIII. 264,265.
Childbert, X. 4, et seq.
Childeric, X. 2.
Childermas-day, VI. 522.
Childers, race-horse, VII. 200.
Childhood, XIV. 493 ; XV. 456 ; XVII.
695—beauty of, IV. 491—pleasures
of, XVIII. 54.
Child-murder, XIV. 496.
Children, less able to want food than
adults, III. 167—exposing of, IX. 468
nursing of, XVI. 310.
 (Mr), his galvanic battery and
experiments, XXI. 666, 677.
Chili, VI. 522; II. 643—climate of,
610—ancient civilization of, 628—na¬
tives of, 629—their probable descent,
634—revolution in, 638—mines of,
XV. 264—earthquake in, XVII. 512-
weights and measures of, XXI. 852—
map of, Vol. VI. PI. CL VII-2.
Chiliad, VI. 545.
Chiliagon, in geometry, VI. 545.
Chilihueque, VI. 526.
Chilka, lake, VI. 545.
Chillambaram Pagoda, VI. 545.
Chillan, VI. 545.
Chillicothe, a town in Ohio, VI. 545 ;
XVI. 330.
Chillingham Castle, wild cattle at, II.
325, 331; XIV. 166.
Chillingworth (William), VI. 545.
Chillis, town in Syria, VI. 545.
Chilo, Greek sage, VI. 545.
Chiloe, VI. 522, 543.
Chilognatha, insects, XV. 652.
Chilopoda, insects, XV. 653.
Chilperic, X. 4.
Chiltern Hills, in Buckinghamshire,
VI. 546; V. 634; XVI. 686.
  Hundreds (Stewards of), VI.
546.
Chimera, VI. 546—fish, XII. 230.
Chimerical figures, in heraldry, XI. 255.
Chimborazo, VI. 546 ; II. 608—Hum¬
boldt’s barometrical measurement of,
IV. 401—-perpetual snow upon, V
145—attraction of, XV. 583.
Chimes of a clock, VI. 546, 141.
Chimneys, VI. 546; III. 462—unknown
to the Romans, III. 447—building of,
V. 670—of furnaces, X. 269, 270—
nature of draught in, XVIII. 126—
cure of smoky, XX. 419—of steam-
boilers, 683.
Chimney-pieces, building of, V. 676.
CHI
Chimney-SYveepers, diseases of, XIV. 510.
Chimpanzee, or orang-outang, XIV. 89,
194. See Orang-outang.
China, VI. 548—breed of swine, II. 338
•—Peruvian civilization probably de¬
rived from, 626—government, ib.—
agriculture, 627—burials, ib.—human
sacrifices, ib.—^architecture, ib.; III.
412—rafts, II. 627—early history,
685; VII. 697—conquered by the
Tartars, II. 688—visits of mission¬
aries to, 697—trade with Ava, IV.
244—large bells in, 547—trade in
birds’ nests, 646—Canton trade, VI.
101—trade with Cochin-China, VII.
12 — cotton-manufacture, 397—silk,
VIII. 300 ; XX. 351—silk-worms,
IX. 247—trade with India, XL 392,
393; Japan, XII. 521; Java, 531,
533 ; London, XIII. 500 ; Siam, XX.
321 ; Singapore, 367 ; the Sooloo
Islands, 479; and Tunquin, XXI
408—midwifery, XV. 62—conquered
by the Moguls, 317—mythology, 676
—canals, XVI. 3, 30—paper, XVII.
9—porcelain, 429—earthquakes, 511
—cultivation of rice, XIX. 234—
conquest of Chinese Tartary, XXI. 86
—tea, 130. See Chinese.
 ink, XV. 352.
 root, VI. 588.
 Yvare. See Porcelain.
Chinese, VI. 548—their method of cal¬
culation, II. 8, 9—accents, 85—alpha¬
bet, 543—manner of writing, 545—
compared with the Peruvians, 626—
the uniformity and unchangeableness
of their customs probably exagge¬
rated, 627, w. 8—their numerical fan¬
cies, III. 536—origin, 691—character,
693—commerce, 700, 701—astrono¬
my, 723—residents at Batavia, IV.
438—in Borneo, V. 11 ; VI. 576-
language, VI. 562 ; XIII. 72, 79 ;
XVII. 387—their customs and charac¬
ter, VI, 58 5—their mode of preventing
the chipping of earthenware, 589—
chronology, 663—mathematical know¬
ledge, X. 428—early knowledge of the
compass, 527; XIII. 685 ; and of
gunpowder, XL 76 — grace before
meat, X. 636—written characters,
XI. 303—manufactures in ivory, XII.
491—knowledge of letters, XIII. 223
— literati, 379 — pretended ancient
knowledge of logarithms, 420—re¬
semblance to the Egyptians, XVIL'
163—style of writing, and books, 391
—numerals, ib. ; III. 533—ancient
philosophy, XVIL 428—printing,
XVIII. 538—measures, XXL 846,
852—weights, 848, 852—fondness for
the Trepang, 1002. See China.
— balance, IV. 306.
   mangle, XIV. 457.
 Tartary, XXL 86.
 varnish, how to make, XXI. 431.
Chinabalabaram, VI. 588.
Chinafatam, VI. 588.
Chinchilla, Spanish city, VI. 588.
 , an animal, XIV. 135, 141;
IV. 748; VI. 526.
Chinchoor, in Hindustan, VI. 588.
Chin-chow, V. 139.
Chingleput, In Hindustan, VI. 588.
Chiniropooram, VI. 589.
Chinnachin, VI. 589.
Chinnor, VI. 589.
Chinon, in France, VI. 589.
Chinsura, in Bengal, VI. 589.
Chinuub, or Chinaub, river, VI. 589.
Chio, or Chios, VI. 589. See Scioi
Chione, VI. 589.
Chionis, bird, XVI. 628.
Chippenham, in Wiltshire, VI. 589.
Chippeway Indians, XV. 8.
 river, XVI. 255.
Chippewyan (Fort), climate of, II. 613.
Chipping of earthenware, VI. 589.
Chipping-Barnet, IV. 383.
Chipping-Norton, VI. 590.
Chipping-Ongar, VI. 590.
Chipping-Sodbury, VI. 590.
CHI—CHL
Chiquitos, in Bolivia, VI. 590.
Chirk, aqueduct at, III. 322.
Chirocentrus, fish, XII. 216.
Chirograph, VI. 590.
Chiromancy, VI. 590 ; VIII. 58.
Chiron, VI. 590—the presumed father
of surgery, XX. 820.
 , insect, IX. 154.
Chironectes, fish, XII. 195.
Chironemus, fish, XII. 169.
Chironomus, insect, IX. 259.
Chironomy, VI. 591.
Chiroptera, bones of, III. 4, et seq.—*
muscles, 18—structure, XVII. 703.
Chirosceles, insect, IX. 164.
Chirotes, reptiles, XIX. 150.
Chirotony, VI. 591.
Chiru, in zoology, XIV. 162.
Chirurgery, or Surgery. See Surgery.
Chirus, fish, XII. 194.
Chisel, VI. 59.
Chisholm (Major), III. 668.
Chisme, or Cisme, VI. 591.
Chitine, VII. 497; IX. 63.
Chitlong, in Hindustan, VI. 591.
Chiton, molluscum, XV. 340, 361.
Chitore, in Hindustan, VI. 591.
Chittagong, III. 626 ; IV. 247.
Chittah, in zoology, XIV. 121.
Chittapet, in Hindustan, VI. 591.
Chittim, VII. 576.
Chittledroog, VI. 591.
Chittor, in Hindustan, VI. 591.
Chitway, in Hindustan, VI. 592
Chiun, VI. 617 ; XIX. 117.
Chiusa, Italian town, VI. 592.
Chivalry, VI. 592—Court of, 617—
1 period of, HI. 596—how affected by
the Crusades, VII. 492—its influence
on poetry, XVIII. 156—romances of,
XIX. 325.
Chivasso, Italian city, VI. 617.
Chladni (Prof.), on musical sounds, II.
124—on meteorolites, XIV. 716—on
harmony, XV. 606.
Chkenius, insect, IX. 128.
Chlamyphorus, in zoology, XIV. 143.
Chlamys, insect, IX. 183.
Chlenaceae, in botany, V. 100.
Chloeia, VI. 617—worm, XL 219.
Chloephora, insects, IX. 250.
Chloranthese, in botany, V. 130.
Chloric acid, VI. 360—ether, 439.
Chloride of lime, VI. 397—its use in
bleaching, IV. 681-2—manufacture
of, 684.
Chlorides, VI. 454—of azote, 366—car¬
bon, 369—silicon, 374—sulphur, 375
selenium, 378—tellurium, 379—phos¬
phorus, 380—arsenic, 383—antimony,
385—chromium, 387—vanadium, 388
molybdenum, 389—tungsten, 390—
columbium, 391—titanium, 392 —
potassium, 393—lithium, 395—mag¬
nesium, 397—aluminum,' 398—gluci-
num, 399—yttrium, 400—cerium, ib.
zirconium, 401—thorium, 402—iron,
404—manganese, 407—nickel, 408—
zinc, 410—cadmium, VtL 411—lead,
412—tin, 413—copper, 415—bismuth,
417 — mercury, 417 — silver, 419—
gold, 420—platinum, 421—palladium,
423—rhodium, 423—iridium, 424—
osmium, 425—cyanogen, 434.
Chloriodic acid, VI. 362.
Chlorine, VI. 359—its compounds with
carbon, &c. ; see Chlorides—discovery
of, IV. 679—used in bleaching, ib.;
I. 473; XXI. 818—its power of de¬
stroying noxious states of the atmos¬
phere, IV. 138 — Sir H. DaY7y on,
VII. 640 — antiseptic properties of,
IX. 734—poisonous quality of, XIV.
503.
 acids, VI. 432.
 salts, VI. 454.
Chlorion, insect, IX. 229.
Chlorite, specific gravity of, XII. 28.
Chloro-aurates, VI. 455.
Chloro-chromic acid, VI. 387.
Chloro-hydrargyrates, VI. 455.
Chloro-iridiates, VI. 455.
Chloro-osmiates, VI. 455.
38
INDEX
CHL—CHR
Chloropal, specific gravity of, XII. 28.
Chloropalladiates, VI. 455.
Chlorophane, phosphorescent quality of,
VIII. 635.
Chloroplatinates, VI. 455.
Chlorops, insect, IX. 291.
Chlororhodiates, VI. 455.
Chlorostannates, VI. 455.
Chnodoxnarius, VII. 275.
Chobae, Persian town, VI. 617.
Chocket, in architecture, III. 466.
Chocks of a ship, XX. 284, 290.
Choco, in Mexico, VI. 617.
Chocolate, VI. 617—electricity of
melted, VIII. 603.
Chocolate-colour, dyeing of, VIII. 343.
Choczim, siege of, XXI. 414.
Chodzesn, in Prussia, VI. 617.
Choeeinae, VI. 617.
Choib, VI. 617.
Choiseul (Due de), IV. 416.
  d’ Aillecourt on the Crusades,
VII. 487, 8.
Choisi (Francis Timoleon de), VI. 617.
Choist, French village, VI. 618.
Choke-damp, VII. 611.
Choking of cattle, XXI. 622, 629.
Cholera, supposed atmospherical origin
of, XXI. 1018.
Choleric temperament of the human
body, XVII. 696; XXI. 173.
Cholesteric acid, VI. 430.
Cholesterine, VI. 443; XVII. 655.
Cholet, French city, VI. 618.
Choleva, insect, IX. 148.
Chondrodite, in mineralogy, XV. 158.
Chondropterygii, fishes, XII. 229.
Choorhot, in Hindustan, VI. 618.
Chopart (Monsieur), on disease of the
kidneys, XVII. 479.
Chop-choech, VI. 618.
Chopin, or Chopine, VI. 618.
Chops of the mouth, II. 803.
Choragic monument of Lysicrates, III.
416, 436, 442, 473; IV. 119^-of Thra-
syllus, III. 436.
Choeal, VI. 618.
Chorassan. See Khorassan.
Choed, VI. 618—in music, ib.; XV.
624; I. 612—in geometry, VI. 618;
X. 438.
Choeepiscopos, VI. 618.
Choeeus, VI. 618.
Choeiambus, VI. 618.
Chorion, in botany, III. 99 ; V. 47.
Chokley, in Lancashire, VI. 618.
Choeogeaphy, VI. 619.
Choroid coat of the eye, II. 798—in va¬
rious animals. III. 23.
Choromo, silver mines of, IV. 749.
Choron on theories of harmony, XV.
606—on musical invention, 642.
Choronemus, fish, XII. 186.
Chorotecs of Nicaragua, XVI. 202.
Choeus, in the Greek drama, VI. 619 ;
VIII. 144—prohibited, 150.
 , in music, VI. 619.
Chose, VI. 619.
Chosroes, Antioch destroyed by, III.
253—his invasion of the Roman em¬
pire, VII. 281 ; XVI. 754.
Choteesgue, in India, VI. 619.
Chocl (Upper and Lower), VI. 619.
Chocmchoo, XX. 319.
Choutea, in Hindustan, VI. 619.
Choweea, in Hindustan, VI. 619.
Chowpaeeh, in Hindustan, VI. 619.
Cheeneceuda, VI. 619.
Cheism, VI. 620—Pence, ib.
Cheist, VI. 620. See Jesus.
 (Obdeb of), VI. 620.
Christ-Church Hospital, London, XIII.
514.
Cheistchckch, a market-town in
Hampshire, VI. 620.
Christ’s thorn, XVII. 787.
Christian era, VI. 655.
Christian VII. of Denmark, VII. 723.
Chkistiana, the capital of Norwav, VI.
620 ; IV. 327.
Cheistianity, VI. 620—in Abyssinia,
II. 50, 51—capacity of the aboriginal
Americans for, 631—Lord Hailes’s
CHR—CHR
Inquiry into the Secondary Causes
assigned by Gibbon for its rapid pro¬
gress, VII. 603, 604—inimical to
theatres, VIII. 152 — abolished in
France, X. 84—re-established by Bo¬
naparte, 125—history of, XI. 487, ei
seq.—compared with Mahommedan-
ism, XL 707 ; XIV. 39—its influence
on the arts, XVI. 706 ; and on poetry,
XVIII. 155-diffusion of, XIX. 110 ;
in Germany, X. 479—established by
Constantine, XIX. 416; by Theodo¬
sius, 419—its introduction into Bri¬
tain, V. 301 ; England, VIII. 701;
Scotland, XIX. 698, 703; and Spain,
XX.492—established in Russia, XIX.
531—the Lord’s Supper, XX. 813.
See Jesus, Religion, Theology.
Cheistians, VI. 629—persecuted by
Nero, XIX. 403 ; Domitian, 406 ;
Trajan, 407 ; Adrian, 408 ; Aurelius,
409 ; Trajanus Decius, 411 ; and
Diocletian, 414—favoured by Con¬
stantine, 415—discountenanced by
Julian, 417—demonology of the early
Christians, III. 297.
Cheistiansamt, in Norway, VI. 630.
Chbistiansand, in Norway, VI. 630.
Christiansburg, VII. 728.
Cheistianstadt, VI. 630 ; IV. 327.
Chbistiansund, in Norway, VI. 630.
Christie (Mr), on magnetism, XIII, 694,
697, 715, 720, 741, 749—on solar
magnetism, XVI. 422.
Christiern, king of Denmark, his inva¬
sion of Sweden, XXI. 13—chosen king
of that country, 14—his tyrannical
reign, ib.
Cheistina, queen of Sweden, VI. 630-
reign of, XXI. 20—her correspondence
with Bayle, IV. 466—her invitation to
Descartes, VI. 183.
Christison (Dr), on gas-burners, X. 357
—on poisons, XIV. 492.
Chbistmas-day, VI. 631.
Christophe, king of Hayti, VIII. 106.
Cheistophees (St), island, VI. 631.
Cheomatic, VI. 632.
Cheomatics, VI. 632 ; XVI. 403.
Chrome-ore, XV. 162.
Chromet of iron, VI. 406.
Chromic acid, VI. 386.
Chromis, fish, XII. 196.
Chromium, VI. 386—salts of the pro¬
toxide of, 453.
Chromule, III. 95.
Cheonic, VI. 651.
Chbonicle, VI. 651—chronicles of the
middle ages, VII. 495.
Cheonology, VI. 652 ; XI. 469—ante¬
diluvian, III. 245—ancient Egyptian,
VIII. 461, 511—Hindu, XII. 588—
of the Septuagint, XX. 105—the Ar-
undelian Marbles, III. 659—era of the
Creation, VII. 455—date of Christ’s
birth, XII. 557; and death, 560—Ka¬
lends, 669—utility of medals in, XIV.
463. See Calendar.
Chronological Table of political events,
and of inventions and discoveries, VI.
665-683.
Cheonometees, VI. 683—French, IV.
596—finding of longitude by, XV. 789
—their use in seamanship, XX. 56—
remarks on those used for ascertain¬
ing the velocity of sound, 483.
Cheudim, in Bohemia, VI. 683.
Chbysalis, VI. 684 ; IX. 88.
Chrysanthemum, culture of, XI. 685.
Cheyses, VI. 384.
Chrysides, insects, IX. 227.
Cheysippus, philosopher, VI. 684; I. 303.
Chrysis, insect, IX. 227.
Chrysobalanese, in botany, V. 107.
Chrysoberyl, in mineralogy, XV. 155.
Chrysochloris, in zoology, XIV. 103.
Chrysocoma, birds, XVI. 631.
Chrysogaster, insect, IX. 274.
Cheysolite, a mineral, VI. 684 ; XV.
158—specific gravity of, XII. 28.
Chbysoloeas (Manuel), VI. 684.
 (John and Demeteius), VI. 684.
Chrysomela, insects, IX. 184.
CHR—CIC
Chrysomelina, insects, IX. 182.
Chrysophora, insects, IX. 157.
Chrysophris, fish, XII. 177.
Cheysopease, a mineral, VI. 684 ; XV.
157; V. 786—sp. gr. of, XII. 28.
Chrysops, insect, IX. 265.
Cheysostom (St John), VI. 684,
Chrysotoxum, insect, IX. 272.
Chrysotus, insect, IX. 277.
Chub, angling for, HI. 147.
Chubb (Thomas), VI. 685.
Chubb’s lock, XIII. 407.
Chubbae, VI. 617.
Chudleigh, VI. 685.
Chulmleigh, VI. 685.
Chumbul, river, VI. 685.
Chumpaneeb, VI. 685.
Chumularee, mountain, XXI. 255.
Chunae, VI. 685.
Chunaeghue, VI. 685.
Chunchos, XVII. 150.
Chupmessahites, VI. 686.
Chuppaeah, VI. 686.
Chupeah, VI. 686.
Chuquisaca, VI. 686.
Chuquito, or Titicaca, South American
lake, IV. 746. See Titicaca.
Chuech, VI. 686 ; XII. 262—spires,
III. 423—bells, IV. 546—burying in,
V. 746—consecration of, VII. 265—
heating of, XX. 742 — no national
church in the United States, XXI.481.
 of England, VIII. 788—its test,
XVI. 760—its doctrines respecting
the Lord’s Supper, XX. 816. See
Episcopacy.
Chuech-waedens, VI. 687.
Chuechill (Charles), VI. 689—poetry
of, XVIII. 173.
 (John), Duke of Marlborough,
IV. 687—his continental campaigns,
V. 368, etseq.—disgraced, 372—Mal¬
let’s promised Life of, XIV. 57.
  (Sarah), Duchess of Marlbo¬
rough, XI. 556.
Churchman (Mr), on the variation of
the needle, XIII. 731.
Chuechyaed, VI. 689.
 (Thomas), VI. 689.
Churoo, IV. 608.
Chuwal, in Hindustan, VI. 689.
Chyle, II. 713; XVII. 582, 630, 631-
vessels conveying the, II. 698, 817.
See Lacteals.
Chyliza, insect, IX. 286.
Chymification, XVII. 628.
Chymologi, VI. 690.
Chytla, VI. 690.
Chytei, Athenian festival, VI. 690.
Ciampi (Antonio), VIII. 609.
Cibbee (Colley), VI. 690—on stage-de¬
clamation, VIII. 174—his Careless
Husband, 175.
 , sculptor, XX. 9.
ClBOBIA, VI. 690.
ClBOEIUM, VI. 690.
Cibus Feeialis, VI. 690.
CicacolE, in Hindustan, VI. 690.
Cicada, insect, IX. 201.
Cicadariae, insects, IX. 200.
Cicer arietinum, its hairs, III. 69.
Ciceeo (Marcus Tullius), VI. 690—on
the universal law of right reason, I.
86—on Cato’s stoicism, 417—his ana¬
tomical knowledge, II. 688—on the
tomb of Archimedes, III. 405—on
beauty, IV. 484—Middleton’s plagiar¬
ism in his Life of, IV. 553—enmity of
Clodius to, VII. 1—compared with
Demosthenes, 710—his Dialogues,
VIII. 1, 2—on the Greek and Roman
laws, XIII. 181—his work De Repub-
lica, XVI. 214, 767—recent discovery
of works of, 765—Catiline’s conspi¬
racy suppressed by, XIX. 395 ; VI.
247—his high estimate of physicians,
XX. 823.
 — (Quintus), IX. 577.
Ciciano, Italian town, VI. 695.
Cicindela, insect, IX. 112.
Cicindeletse, insects, IX. 112.
Cicinnurus, bird, XVI. 588.
Cicisbeo, VI. 695 ; XII. 487.
CIC—CIR
Ciclut, or Cicluch, VI. 695.
Ciconia, birds, XVI. 619.
Cid, chronicle of the, XVIII. 161.
Cidabis, Jewish mitre, VI. 695.
Cidarites, zoophytes, XXI. 1008.
Cidee, VII. 574 ; XI. 649 ; XII. 28—
Devonshire, VII. 74 6—Herefordshire,
XI. 273—Somersetshire, XX. 475.
Cigliano, Italian town, VI. 695.
Cigna on electricity, VIII. 571.
Cignani (Carlo), VI. 695.
Ciliary circle and processes of the eye,
II. 798 ; III. 23.
Cilicia, VI. 695.
Cilicium, VI. 696.
Ciliogrades, zoophytes, XXI. 1018.
Cimabue (Giovanni),VI. 696 ; XVI. 708.
Cimaeosa (Domenico), VI. 696.
Cimbex, insect, IX. 217.
Cimbbi, VI. 696 ; V. 295; X. 475—
their war with the Romans, XIX. 392
—Cimbric language, XIII. 87.
Cimena, Sicilian city, VI. 697.
Cimex, insect, IX. 197.
Cimicifugese, in botany, V. 95.
Cimmeeii, VI. 697.
Cimolia Teeea, VI. 697.
 Alba and Nigra, VI. 698.
Cimolite, specific gravity of, XII. 28.
Cimon, the Athenian, VI. 698—Athens
improved by, IV. 114—his exploits
and banishment, 152—his death, 153.
 the Cleonean, painter, XVI. 700.
Cinaloa, in Mexico, VI. 698.
Cinchona, or Peruvian bark, VI. 698^
VII. 199—alkali in, VI. 463.
Cinchonin, VI. 464—salts of, ib
Cincinnati, in Ohio, VI. 699.
Cincinnatus, VI. 699 ; XIX. 372.
Cinclus, bird, XVI. 573.
Cineas. a Thessalian, VI. 699.
Cineeitious, VI. 699. See Brain.
Cingalese, VI. 303—language, XIII. 82.
Cinisi, Sicilian town, VI. 699.
Cinna, XIX. 393.
Cinnabar, a mineral, VI. 418 ; XV. 171
—specific gravity of, XII. 28.
Cinnamon, VI. 699—culture of, in Cey¬
lon, VI. 299—specific gravity of vola¬
tile oil of, XII. 28.
Cinnamon-colour, dyeing of, VIII. 343.
Cinnamon-stone, XV. 159: XII. 28.
Cinnyris, bird, XVI. 589.
Cinque Poets, VI. 700.
Cinquecento style of architecture, III.
424, 425, 426, 452.
Cinquefoil, in architecture, III. 465.
Cintio, his romances, XIX. 349.
Cintea, VI. 700—convention of, V. 525.
Cinyea, VI. 701.
Cion, XI. 635.
Ciona, mollusca, XV. 370.
Ciotot (La), French city, VI. 701.
Ciphee, VI. 701.
Cipipa, V. 68.
Cipus, VI. 701.
Circsetus, bird, XVI. 563.
Ciecaes (Northern), VI. 701.
Circassian women, VIII. 528.
Ciece, VI. 703.
ClBCENSIAN GAMES, VI. 703, 706.
Cikcle, VI. 703; X. 438—attempts to
ascertain the ratio of the diameter to
the circumference, I. 583—its incom¬
mensurability first demonstrated by
Lambert, 584—problems respecting
the, X. 452—quadrature of, 455-
mensuration of, XIV. 568—perspec¬
tive of, XVII. 277—squaring the,
XX. 552—Meridian, IV. 104—Mural,
106—Azimuth and altitude, 109.
ClECONCELLlONES, VI. 704.
Cibcuit, VI. 704—inconveniences of
circuit-courts, IX. 31—Scotch crimi¬
nal circuits, XIX. 761.
Cieculae, VI. 704—numbers, ib.—in¬
strument of reflection, XV. 784.
Circulation of the blood. See Blood.
Circumcelliones. See Circoncelliones.
Cibcumcision, VI. 704—practised in
Arabia, III. 336 ; and by the Mahom-
medans generally, XIV. 38.
ClECUMFEEENCE, VI. 705,
INDEX
39
CIR—CLA
Circumferentor, VI. 705.
Circumflex, VI. 705.
Circumgyration, VI. 705,
Circumlocution, VI. 705.
Circumpolar stars, VI. 705.
ClRCUMPOTATIO, VI. 705.
Circumscribed, VI. 705.
ClRCUMVALUATION, VI. 705.
Circus, VI. 705—Maximus, XIX. 428 
games of the, VI. 703, 706
 , bird, XVI. 564.
Cirencester, VI. 706.
Cirie, Italian town, VI. 706.
Cirknitz, lake of, XVII. 523.
Cirrhatulus, worm, XI. 221,
Cirrhibarbus, fish, XII. 192.*
Cirrhipides, Crustacea, VII. 503.
 , mollusca, XV. 340.
Cirrhites, fish, XII. 169.
Cirrus, cloud, XVII. 534—Cirro-cumu¬
lus, ib.—Cirro-stratus, ib.
Cis, insect, IX. 176.
Cisalpine, VI. 706.
Cisleu, Hebrew month, VI. 706.
Cispadana Gallia, VI. 706.
Cistela, insect, IX. 166.
Cistelides, insects, IX. 166,
Cistercians, VI. 706.
Cistern, VI. 706.
Cisternino, in Italy, VI. 706.
Cistineas, in botany, V. 98.
Cistrum, XX. 369.
Citadel, VI. 706.
ClTADINESCA, VI. 706.
Citeau, French village, VI. 706.
Cithasron, in Bosotia, VI. 706.
Cithara, VI. 706.
Citharinus, fish, XII. 213.
Citizen, VI. 706.
Citric acid, VI. 428—used for discharg¬
ing colours, VIII. 340—scurvy cured
by,. XVI. 53.
Citron, XI. 659.
Citron-tree, specific gravity of, XII. 28.
Citta DI Castello, VI. 706.
Citta Vecchia, XIV. 62.
Cittern, VI. 707.
City, VI. 707,
Ciudad de las Palmas, VI. 74.
Ciudad-Real, VI. 708.
Ciudad Rodrigo, VI. 708—storming
of, in 1812, V. 532.
Civet, VI. 708 ; XIV. 118.
Civil Engineer, academical rank of, at
Durham, XXI. 508. See Engineer.
Civil Law, VI. 708—study of it accele¬
rated human improvement at the re¬
vival of letters, I. 14—venerated by
Leibnitz, &c., 92—ought to be the
ground-work of speculations on juris¬
prudence, 93—knowledge of it useful
as a branch of education, III. 265 
Cujas on the, VII. 530—study of, at
Bologna, XXL 488.
Civil State, VI. 719.
Civil Year, VI. 719.
Civilian, VI. 719.
Civilization, capacity of the aboriginal
Americans for, II. 631—flourishes
most in temperate regions, 622 its
effect on poetry, XVIII. 145.
Civita Castellana, VI. 719.
 di Penna, VI. 719.
— Vecchia, VI. 719; XVII. 3.
Civoli (Lewis), painter, VI. 719.
Civray, in France, VI. 719.
Clackmannan, VI. 719.
Clackmannanshire, VI. 719.
Claddagh, X. 304.
Cladius, insect, IX. 217.
Claget (William), VI. 722.
Clair (St), lake, XXL 455.
Clairaut (Alexis-Claude), VI. 722—
on universal gravitation, I. 577, 664-5
— on the retardation of Halley’s
comet, 578, 667—on capillary attrac¬
tion, 615 ; XII. 46—on the earth’s
figure, I. 661; IX. 551—his genius
and character, I. 667—on the Pro¬
blem of the Three Bodies, III. 749;
IV. 57—on the inequalities of the
moon’s motion, IV. 56—on mathe¬
matics, XIV. 322—on the spectrum,
/
CLA
XVI. 411—on the pendulum, XVII.
187, 199.
Clairfayt (General), IV. 221 ; X. 87.
Clamecy, in France, VI. 722.
Clamping, in joinery, VI. 723.
Clamps of decks of ships, XX. 284.
Clandestine, VI. 723.
Clangula, bird, XVI. 636.
Clans, VI. 723—spirit of clanship among
the Arabs, III. 332.
Clapham, in Surrey, VI. 723.
Clapperton (Hugh), VI. 723—his dis¬
coveries in Africa, II. 237—his ac¬
count of Houssa, XL 709.
Clare, in Ireland, VI. 724.
Claremont, grove at, X. 325.
Clarencieux, VI. 727.
Clarendon (Constitutions of), VI. 727:
VIII. 717.
(Earl of). See Hyde.
Claret, XXL 899.
Clariac, French city, VI. 727.
Clarichord, VI. 727.
Clarification, VI. 727—of sugar, XX.
795—of wine, XXI. 898.
Clarigatio, VI. 727.
Clarinet, XV. 614.
Clarion, VI. 728.
Clarisses, order of nuns, VI. 728.
Clarke (Dr Adam), his Bibliographical
Dictionary, IV. 630.
(Dr), on the size and weight of
infants, II. 757, 758.
   (Dr E. D.), VI. 731—on the
blowpipe, IV. 716—his account of Je¬
rusalem, XII. 544, 548, 549; Pales¬
tine, XVI. 739, et seq.; and the plain
of Troy, XXL 390.
 — (Ed.), his electripeter, XXL 689
—his magneto-electric machine, 693.
- (Mary Anne), her connection
with the late Duke of York, V. 526.
 (Dr Samuel), primus, VI. 728.
 (Samuel), VI. 728.
 (Dr Samuel), secundus, VI. 728
—his controversy with Leibnitz, 1.139,
142—on the existence of a God, 141,
422 ; XIV. 696—early development of
his reflective powers, 1.142—character
and genius of, 14 3,32 7—his controversy
with Collins, 144—on necessity, 149
—versatility of his genius, 327—his
moral doctrines, 328—his erroneous
application of the term relation, 829
—difference between his system and
Cudworth’s, 331—on the force of a
moving body, 539—on the Greek
verb, X. 699—his sermons compared
with Horsley’s, XI. 628^—on space,
XIV. 655—on infinity, 665—on the
being and attributes of God, 694.
 (William), VI. 731.
 (Mr), on women’s milk, XV. 74.
Clarkson (Thomas), his opposition to
the slave-trade, XX. 384.
Claro-obscuro, VI. 732; XVII. 286
—engraving, IX. 44, 45.
Clarus (L.), his Latin Bible, IV. 615.
Clasmium, VI. 732.
Claspers of plants, III. 86.
Class, VI. 732—in natural history, XV.
739. See Classification.
Classic, VI. 732—different editions of
the classics, IV. 625.
Classical learning, XVIII. 451.
Classicum, VI. 732.
Classification, XVII. 433—in natural his¬
tory, XV. 738—Aristotle on. III. 510.
 of animals, HI. 159, et seq., 169,
170; XVII. 549, 585—by Linnaeus,
HI. 171; Virey, ib.; Lamarck, 172;
Dumeril, 177; Blainville, 177; Mac-
leay, 178; and Cuvier, 179—of animal¬
cules, insects, &e.; see Animalcules,
Entomology, Ichthyology, &c.
— of plants, V. 58, 70, 88—sexual
system, 88—natural system of Lin¬
naeus, 89—principles of the natural
system, V. 91.
 of vital functions, XVII. 589.
Clauberg (John), VI. 732.
Claude le Lorrain, VI. 732—specimen
of sketches by, VIII. PI. 200.
CLA—CLE
Claude (Monsieur), his conference with
Bossuet, V. 24.
Claude (St), in France, VI. 733.
Claudia, VI. 733—Aqua—Via, ib.
Claudianus, Latin poet, VI. 733.
Claudius Caesar, reign of, XIX. 402—his
resemblance to James I. of England,
V. 310, n.
Claudius (Marcus Aurelius), Roman
emperor, reign of, XIX. 412.
Clause, VI. 734.
Clausenburg, in Austria,VI. 734.
Clausthal, in Hanover, VI. 734.
Clavagella, in conchology, XV. 349.
Clavarium, VI. 732.
Clavatula, in conchology, XV. 347.
Clavelina, mollusca, XV. 368.
Clavering (Captain), on the fire of St
Elmo, VIII. 624.
Claves Insulas, VI. 733.
Clavi Vestium, VI. 733.
Clavichord, VI. 733.
Clavicle, II. 786 ; XVII. 617—in the
mammalia, III. 7—in birds, 12—in
reptiles, 15.
Clavicornes, insects, IX. 146.
Clavictherium, VI. 733.
Clavicymbalum, VI. 733.
Claviger, insect, IX. 187.
Clavipalpi, insects, IX. 185.
Clavis, VI. 733.
Clavius (Christopher), VI. 734—on the
calendar, VI. 10-on dialling, VII. 760
—on geometry, X. 429.
Clavus, VI. 734—Annalis, ib.
Clay, eaten by some American tribes,
II. 632—for bricks, V. 259.
Clay-slate, in geology, XV. 191—metals
found in, 278.
Clay-soils, rotation of crops on, II. 298
—improvement of barren, 315.
Clayton (Robert), D.D., VI. 734.
(Rev. Mr), his discovery of coal-
gas, X. 348.
Cleander, XIX. 409.
Cleanliness conducive to health, XIV.
508—recommended, XV. 467—is the
best precaution that can be adopted
against vermin, XXI. 603.
Cleanthes, VI. 734—repartee of, 1.304.
Clear (Cape), VII. 330.
Clearchus of Heraclea, VI. 734.
Clearing-house in London, XVII. 28.
Cleats, VI. 734.
Cleavage, in mineralogy, XV. 125—elec¬
tricity produced by, VIII. 601.
Cleche, in heraldry, VI. 734.
Cledge, VI. 734.
Cledonism, VI. 734.
Cleeves, or Cleves, VII. 734.
Clef, in music, VI. 735,
Cleisthenes, VI. 764 ; IV. 149.
Cleithral, in architecture, III, 465.
Cleithros, in architecture, III. 465.
Cleland (Dr), on mortality in Glasgow,
X. 535; XV. 526.
Clemency, VI. 735.
Clemens Romanes, VI. 736.
  Alexandrinus, VI. 736 — on
hieroglyphics, XL 297.
Clement (D.), on rare books, IV. 625.
 (Mens.), on steam, IX. 425—his
experiments on the heat of air, XII.
118—on latent heat, XX. 601.
■ V. (Pope), VI. 736—his collec¬
tion of Constitutions, VI. 93.
 VII. (Pope), VI. 736.
 XIV. (Pope), VI. 736—Canova’s
monument to, VI. 96.
Clements’s Inn, London, XII. 282.
Clemente di Casauri, VI. 737.
Clementi (Muzio), VI. 737.
Clementine, VI. 737.
Clenard (Nicholas), VI. 737.
Cleobis and Biton, VI. 739.
Cleodora, mollusca, XV. 355.
Cleombrotus, VI. 739.
Cleomedes on optics, XVI. 348.
Cleomenes, kings of Sparta so named
VI. 737 ; IV. 149; VIII. 471; XX. 527.
Cleomenie war, II. 208.
Cleon, VI. 738; IV. 157; XVI. 205,
Cleonus, insect, IX. 174.
CLE—CLI
Cleopatra, VI. 738 ; VIII. 475; XIX-
397, 399—her connection with Mark
Antony, III. 273 — manner of her
death doubtful, 703—queens of Egypt
of that name, VIII. 472, et seq.
Cleopatra’s Needles, II. 412.
Cleostratus, an ancient Greek astro¬
nomer, VI. 738—his improvement of
the calendar, VI. 7.
Clepsina, worm, XI. 226.
Clepsydra, VI. 738; VII. 524; XII.
57, 108—Amontons on the, II. 664.
Clepticus, fish, XII. 196.
Clerc (Johnle), VI. 738—his character
of Paracelsus, I. 18—his acquaintance
with and respect for Locke, 106—his
“ Parrhasiana,” II. 675—his French
New Testament, IV. 617—his edition
of Menander, V. 718.
 (Sebastian), VI. 738.
Clergy, VI. 739—of Austria, IV. 234-
South America, 753—Belgium, XVI
133 Chili, VI. 537—Colombia, VII
93—England, VIII. 788; XIII. 213
in Edgar’s reign, VIII. 704—France,
X. 45, 201—Greece, 739—Iceland,
XII. 144—the Ionian Islands, 344-5
—Ireland, 398—Italy, 486—Jamaica,
XII. 504—Mexico, XIV. 806—New
England, IV. 381—Russia, XIX.
580—Scotland, IV. 287, n.l, 288; V.
305, 335—Switzerland, XXL 50 
Turkey, 423—burning of obnoxious
books by the, IV. 628—declamation
of the pulpit, VII. 663—imposition of
hands, XII. 255—unequal distribu¬
tion of wealth among the English
clergy, XIII. 213—utility of natural
philosophy to the, XVII. 574—fond¬
ness of the early clergy for medicine,
XX. 827, n. 3—deprivation of benefices
for heresy, XXL 323.
 (Benefit of), VI. 739.
Clerii, insects, IX. 145.
Clerk, VI. 741—diseases to which
clerks are subject, XIV. 509.
(John), his improvements in na¬
val tactics, XXL 766.
 (John), M.D., VIII. 547.
Clerke (Capt. Charles), VI. 742 his
arctic discoveries, XVIII. 219.
Clerke’s Island, VI. 743.
Clermont, in France, VI. 743.
 Ferrand, VI. 743.
 de Lodeve, VI. 743.
   Manuscript, VI. 743.
Cleromancy, VI. 743.
Clerus, insect, IX. 145.
Clesides, Greek painter, VI. 743.
Cleveland (John), VI. 743.
 , a town in Ohio, XVI. 330.
 Bays, II. 317.
Cleyes, or Cleeves, VI. 734.
Clichtoveus on the rainbow, XVI. 353
Clients, VI. 743; XIX. 377.
Clifford’s Inn, Loudon, XII. 282.
Clifton, VI. 743; V. 292.
Climate, VI. 743; XL 196, 371, 377-
XVII. 542—its effect on the active
energies of man, II. 622-its effect on
the human body, XVII. 598; strength,
XIV. 429 ; complexion, VII. 190 •
XIV. 198, 202; health, 510; and5
mind, XVI. 696—its modifying influ¬
ence on animals, III. 160, 161, 169—
its effects on buds,III. 90 ; and trees,
XVIL 780—climate of America, II.
610; of Arabia, III. 324; of Asia, 678
—in geography, X. 409. See Atmos¬
phere, Cold, Dew, Meteorology, and
the geographical articles generally.
Climateric, VI. 743.
Climbers, birds, XVI. 594.
Climena, worm, XL 223.
Clinanth, in botany, V. 40.
Clinch, VI. 764.
Clinching, VI. 764.
Clinias, an ancient Pythagorean philo¬
sopher, VI. 764.
Clinkstone, sp. gr. of, XII. 28.
Clinocera, insects, IX. 266.
Clinometer, XII. 743.
Clinus, fish, XII. 192
40
INDEX
CLI—CLY
Clio, one of the Muses, VI. 764 ; XV.
603—statue of, VIII. PI. 194.
 , molluscum, XV. 355.
Clisthenes, VI. 764 ; IV. 149.
Clitellaria, insects, IX. 271.
Cutheroe, VI. 764.
Clitomachds, VI. 764.
Clitoris, II. 826—erectile tissue of, 726.
Clitcmnos, river, VI. 764.
Clitcs, VI. 765—insect, IX. 179.
Clive (Robert, Lord), VI. 765—General
Bourgoyne’s charges against, V. 397
—his exploits in India, XI. 413, etseq.
Clivina, insect, IX. 119.
Cloaca, VI. 765—Maxima, ib. XIX.
427 ; XX. 166—in comparative ana¬
tomy, III. 39, 40.
Cloacina, VI. 769.
Clock and watch work, VI. 765.
Clock, VI. 765; XI. 565—slow im¬
provement of the. III. 644—astrono¬
mical, IV. 104—alarm-clocks, VI. 782
—water-clock, VI. 738; VII. 524;
XII. 57, 108; II. 664—Wheatstone’s
electro-magnetic clock, XXI. 689. See
Chronometer, Pendulum.
Clodio, X. 2.
Clodius, his Hebrew Bible, IV. 614.
 (Publics), VII. 1; XIX. 396—
his enmity to Cicero, VI. 692.
Clodomer, king of Orleans, X. 4.
Cloebcki-Mortimer, VII. 1.
Clogher, VII. 1 ; XXI. 441.
Cloghnakilty, or Clonakilty, VII. 1.
Cloister, VII. 1.
Clones, Irish town, VII. 1.
Clonmel, VII. 1; XXI. 314, 316—
taken by Cromwell, XII. 371.
Cloquet (Monsieur), his System of Ana¬
tomy, II. 7 04,828—on animal magnet¬
ism, XX. 477.
Clos (La), his romances, XIX. 354.
Close, in heraldry, VII. 2.
ClOSE-HAULED, VII. 2.
Clossius (Dr), his discovery of parts of
the Theodosian Code, VI. 715.
Closter Seven, capitulation of, V. 385.
Clot of the blood, II. 713; VI. 493, 494.
Clotaire, king of France, X. 4.
Cloth, VII. 2. See Cotton, Calender,
Dyeing, Silk, Weaving, Wool.
Clothing, luxury in, XIII. 603—its in¬
fluence on health, XIV. 507—orien¬
tal, VIII. 528—flannel, IX. 614.
Clotho, one of the Fates, VII. 2.
 , genus of arachnides, III. 359.
Clotilda, X. 3.
Clodd tSt), French town, VII. 4.
Cloods, VII. 2; XVII. 534—forms of,
ib.—theory of, XIV. 747—height of,
748—their influence in obstructing
frigorific pulses in the air, VI. 762—
their electricity, VIII. 618—theory of
mountain-caps, XII. 133.
Clover, culture of, II. 257, 291 ; in
Flanders, XVI. 142.
Cloves, culture of, in Amboyna, II. 596;
aad Bourbon, V. 151—specific gravity
of volatile oil of, XII. 28.
Clove-tree, II. 596.
Clovio (G. G.), painter, VII. 4.
Clovis I. king of France, VII. 4 ; X. 2.
Clowes (Wm.), surgeon, XX. 829.
Cloyne, VII. 4, 329.
Clubs in London, XIII. 534.
Club-foot, treatment of, XX. 845.
Cluny, French city, VII. 4.
Clupea, VI. 191, 192—fish, XII. 214.
Olupidae, in ichthyology, XII. 214.
Clcvieb (Philip), VII. 4.
Clwyd, vale of, VII. 717.
Clyde, VII. 4 ; XIX. 747 ; XIII. 49—
diving-bell used in improving its na¬
vigation, VIII. 79—dredging of the,
193, 197—navigation of the, X. 548;
XVI- 11—canal to the Forth, 13;
X. 550 ; VIII. 258 ; XIX. 751.
Clydesdale. Seo Lanarkshire.
 horses, II. 317 ; XL 597.
Clyers, XXI. 629.
Clypeaster, insect, IXL 186.
Clypeastres, aoophytes* XXL 1008.
Clytemnestka, VII. 4.
CLY—COC
Clythra, insect, IX. 183.
Coach, VII. 4—hackney and stage
coaches, 6. See Carriage.
 (Mail), VII. 6—erroneons con¬
struction of, XIV. 381—establish¬
ment of mail coaches, XVIII. 488.
 , or couch, VII. 7.
Coach-horse, XI. 593.
Coachmaking, VII. 6.
Coagulation of albumen, XVII. 621—of
blood, VI. 33.
Coagulum of the blood, II. 713; VI. 493,
494.
Coak. See Coke.
Coal, XV. 172 ■ VH. 70—methods of
searching for, 73—boring for, 75—
winning the, 76—working of, 78—
different methods of working, 83—
wood-coal of Antrim, III. 274—the
art of casting iron extended by the
use of, VI. 88—chemical composition
of different kinds of, 444—Kilkenny,
444 ; XII. 715—caking, VI. 444—
splint, ib.—cherry, ib.—eannel, ib.;
II. 665—for furnaces, X. 276—speci¬
fic gravity of, XII. 27 — mechanical
power derivable from, XIV. 438—its
importance to Britain, XV. 243—
consumption of it there, 244—pro¬
bable duration of supply of, ib.; XVI.
254—saving of, in iron-smelting by
hot-blast, XX. 408—steam-generating
power of, 602, 629—economy of, in
steam-boilers, 684—coal and coal¬
mines in Britain, XV. 243—Chili, VI.
532 — Clackmannanshire, 721—Cum¬
berland, VII. 537—Derbyshire, 735—
Devonshire, 746 — Dumbartonshire,
VIII. 258—Durham,289—Edinburgh¬
shire, 429—England, 7 67—Europe, IX.
409 ; XV. 250—France, X. 179—Gla¬
morganshire, 532—Hungary, IV. 230
—Ireland, XII. 393; XIII. 222—La¬
narkshire, 50—Lancashire, 52—Mon¬
mouthshire, XV. 418 — New South
Wales, XXI. 717, 718—Northumber¬
land, XVI. 254—Pennsylvania, XVII.
222—Roscommon, XIX. 478—Russia,
567—Scotland, 749 — Staffordshire,
XX. 558—Stirlingshire, 729—Suma¬
tra, 804—Tennessee, XXI. 182—Tip¬
perary, 313 —Tyrone, 439—United
States, 454—Virginia, 658—White¬
haven, 876 — Yorkshire, 965. See
Colliery, and the geographical articles
generally.
Coal-gas, VI. 372; X. 348, 350—com¬
pared with oil-gas, 361, 365—hints
for its improvement, 366—-economv
of, 367.
Coal-measures, in geology, XV. 196.
Coal-mines. See Coal, Colliery.
Coal-trade, VII. 7—of England, VIII.
767—London, XIII. 497—Newcastle,
XVI. 151—Sunderland, XX. 810.
Coal-work. See Colliery.
Coal-fish, XII. 218.
Coalition ministry, V. 427—its fall,
434.
Coamings of ships, VII. 9 ; XX. 285.
Coast, VII. 9.
 Castle (Cape), VII. 9.
Coasting, VII. 9—pilot, ib.
Coat-of-arms, VII. 9—of mail, ib,
Coatis, in zoology, XIV. 107.
Coazzo, Italian town, VII. 9.
Cob, horse, XI. 591.
Cobadonga, Spanish town, VII. 9.
Cobaeese, in botany, V. 121.
Cobalt, VII. 9 ; VI. 409—salts of pro-
, toxide of, 449—specific gravity of,
XII. 28—magnetism of, XIII. 709.
Cobalt-mica, XV. 147.
Cobalt-pyrites, XV. 166.
Cobbing, VII. 19.
Cobham (Elinor), VIII. 734.
Cobija, IV. 751.
Cobitis, XII. 199—angling for, HI. 148.
Coble, boat, VII. 10.
Coblentz, German city, VII. 10.
Coburg, VII. 10.
Coca plant, IV. 748 ; XVII. 304.
Cocceeii (Samuel do), his commentary
COC—CCEL
on Grotius’s work Jure Belli et
Pads, 192.
Cocceius (John), VII. 10.
Coccinella, insect, IX. 186.
Coccolite, VII. 10—sp. gr. of, XII. 28.
Coccothraustes, birds, XVI. 581.
Cocculus Indicus, VI. 466—used for
poisoning rats, XXI. 600.
Coccus, insect, IX. 206.
Coccyx, human, II. 759, 762—of the
lower animals, III. 3.
Coccyzus, bird, XVI. 598.
Cochabamba, in Bolivia, VII. 10.
Cochenelin, VI. 505 ; VIII. 308.
Cochin, in Hindustan, VII. 10.
Cochin China, VII. 11—map of, Vol.
XII. PI. CCCVII-2.
Cochineal, VII. 14—its introduction
as a dye-stuff, VIII. 297, 307—its na¬
ture and history, 307—its culture in
t Mexico, XIV. 801 ; and in Armenia,
XIX. 589.
Cochineal-insect, IX. 206.
Cochinealin, VI. 505 ; VIII. 308.
Cochlea of the ear, II. 802 ; III. 25.
Cochrane (Admiral), his proceedings
against the United States, V. 538.
 (Lord), burning of French ships
by, in 1809, V. 528—his proceedings
on the coast of Chili, VI. 543; and
in Peru, XVII. 298.
 (Capt. C. S.), merino yarn spin¬
ning introduced into Scotland by, X.
557.
  (Captain), his account of the
Kamtschadales, XII. 672-3.
Cock, VII. 14—domestic, XVI. 608—
Bankiva, 609—Jago, ib.—jungle, ib.—
Macartney, 610—divination by means
of cocks, II. 396.
 of a watch, VI. 786, 787.
Cock-fighting, VII. 14 ; XVI. 609,610;
XVII. 112.
Cock-pit, VII. 14.
Cockatoo, bird, XVI. 603.
Cockburne (Mrs Catharine), VII. 15.
Cock-chafer, IX. 159—method of de¬
stroying it, XXI. 602.
Cock-dog, XX. 311.
Cockermouth, VII. 16.
Cocket, VII. 16.
Cocking, in carpentry, V. 683.
Cockle, XV. 372.
Cockney, VII. 16.
Cockroach, IX. 190—method 'of de¬
stroying it, XXL 602.
Cockswain, VII. 16.
Cocles (P. H.), VII. 16 ; XIX. 369.
Cocoa-nut tree, XI. 381—of Ceylon, VI.
300—small, of Chili, 527—of Java,
XII. 529—specific gravity of cocoa-
wood, XII. 28.
Cocoon, silk, XX. 343.
Cocos, VII. 16.
Cocylus, VII. 16.
Cod, XII. 217—salting of, IX. 733.
Cod-fishery, Scotch, IX. 600—foreign,
605—French, X. 196.
Codapahar, VII. 16.
Coddington (Mr), on the grooved lens,
XV. 32—his microscope eye-glass, 38.
Code, VII. 16—Solon’s, IV. 145—Aus¬
trian, 237—Bolivian, IV. 758—Vene¬
tian, of maritime law, VII. 493—civil
and penal, XII. 636—Romas codes,
VI. 713—French codes, X. 216—Code
Napoleon, 132; XIII. 184 — penal
• codes, XVIII. 735. See Diplomatics,
Law, Legislation.
Codeic acid, VI. 460.
Codex, VII. 16.
Codicil, VII. 17 ; VI. 709.
Codification, VII. 17 ; XIII. 180.
Codlin, apple, VII. 17.
Codling, VII. 17.
Codon, VII. 17.
Codrington (Christopher), VII. 17.
Codrus, VII. 17 ; IV. 143.
Coefficients, VII. 17.
Coehorn. See Cohorn.
Coele, in Athens, IV. 124.
Coelestis, Phoenician goddess, XVII. 451,
Coelestius, XVIII. 515.
CCEL—COL
Coelioxys, insect, IX. 234.
Coelopa, insect, IX. 288.
CCELOSYRIA, VII. 17.
CCBLUS, VII. 17.
COEMPTIONES, VII. 17.
Ccenobite, VII. 17.
COENOBIUM, VII. 17.
Coenomyia, insect, IX. 264.
Coenosia, insect, IX. 284.
Coesira, mollusca, XV. 368.
Coffee, VII. 17 ; XII. 500—of Arabia,
III. 337—Bourbon, V. 151—Brazil,
206-7—St Domingo, VIII. 107—Java,
XII. 529—Mexico, XIV. 801—Mocha,
XV. 310—coffee-tree, VII. 17.
Coffee-tbade, VII. 18—effects of re¬
duction of duties on, XXI. 121.
Coffee-colour, dyeing of, VIII. 337.
Coffee-houses in London, XIII. 534.
Coffer, in architecture, VII. 18 ; HI.
465—in fortification, VII. 18.
Coffer-dam, XIV. 297.
Coffin, VII. 19—coffins kept by the
Chinese in their houses, VI. 563.
 (J.), on ambergris, II. 594.
Cogger’s printing-press, XVIII. 570.
Coggeshall, in Essex, VII. 19.
Cogging, in carpentry, V. 683.
Cogilpatty, VH. 19.
Cognac, in France, VII. 19.
Cognate, in Scotch law, VII. 19.
Cognation, in civil law, VII. 19.
Cohabitation, VII. 19.
Cohahuila, a province of Mexico, VII-
19; XIV. 819.
Co-heir, VII. 19; VII. 20.
Cohesion, VII. 20—ofmetals, XIV. 402;
XX. 756—force of, XVII. 566—of sur¬
faces, XVIII. 121—strength of mate¬
rials arises from, XX. 748—the doc¬
trine of. jet a new subject, 755—
great varieties in, 756—its force pro¬
portional to the area of the section
perpendicular to the extending force,
756—of woods, 756-7.
  of fluids, VII. 20 ; XII. 38—
Coulomb on, VII. 428 — capillary-
action, VI. 110; XII. 38; I. 615-16.
Cohorn (Menno, Baron de), VII. 29—
on fortification, IX. 770—his system
described, 775.
Cohort, VII. 30.
Coif, VII. 30.
Coignet (Mich.), on navigation, XV. 747.
Coilere Pettah, VII. 30.
Coille, in Hindustan, VII. 30.
Coimbetoor, VII. 30.
Coimbra, a Portuguese city, VII. 31—
university of, XVIII. 481.
Coin, VII. 31—adulteration of, II. 166
-—ancient, III. 259—standard ster¬
ling silver and gold of Britain, VI.
420, 421 —-distress in England in
the 16th century from debasement of
the,VII. 334, ra. 1 ;335—its state in the
reign of William the Third, 337 ; XIII.
4 i 4—advantages of coined money, XV.
385. See Currency, Medals, Money,
Coinage, Coining.
Coinage, VII. 32 ; XIV. 419 — Mr
Boulton’s improvements in, V. 148—
of Britain, XIH. 504—probable cause
why the die sometimes adheres to the
coin, XX. 753. See Assaying, Coin.
Coining of false money, XIV. 495.
Ooipu, in zoology, XIV. 138.
Goiter (Voicher), his anatomical re¬
searches, II. 697.
Coke, VII. 7—for furnaces, X. 276—•
making of, XII. 442—not needed in
hot-blast smelting, XX. 408.
  (Sir Edward), lord chief jus-
tice, VII. 54 ; XIII. 189.
Col, island, VII. 55.
Colabba, island, VII. 55.
Colaire Lake, VII. 55.
COLAIRCOTTA, VII. 55.
Colangodu, VII. 55,
Colapoor, VII. 55.
Colaptes, birds, XVI. 597.
Colar, in Hindustan, VII. 55-6,
Colarbasians, sect, VII. 56,
Colaris, bird, XVI. 585.
INDEX,
41
COL
COLAKPOOK, VII. 56.
Colaspis, insect, IX. 183.
Colbebt (J. B.) VII. 56; X. 34—his
commercial regulations, 185—dyeing
encouraged by, VIII. 297—his ordi¬
nance about population-registers in
Paris, XV. 539.
Colby (Colonel), employed on the trigo¬
nometrical survey of Britain, XXI.
354, 359; IX. 550.
Colchester, in Essex, VII. 57.
Colchis, VII. 57—Egyptian colony in,
VIII. 464.
COLCOTHAR, VII. 57. ,
Cold, VII. 57—reflection of, I. 646—
pulsations of, in the air, VI. 761—
instrument for indicating these, ib.—
influence of clouds upon them, 762—
Dr Wollaston’s mode of producing ar¬
tificial, VII. 504—Dr Currie on the
medical effects of, 555—alleged cold¬
ness of the moon’s rays, 749—pre¬
servative effects of, IX. 729—radia¬
tion of, XI. 184—means of producing,
191, 195; XIV. 730; XXI. 678—at
the tops of mountains, XII. 134—
death from, XIV. 499—sensation of,
608 ; XVII. 662—produced by evapo¬
ration, XIV. 730—in Siberia, XX.
325—ebullition produced by, 576—in
Tibet, XXI. 255—its production by
electricity; 678. See Congelation,
Heat, Ice, Polar Seas.
———, a disease. See Catarrh.
Coldingham, VII. 66—priory, IV. 599.
Coldstream, VII. 66—bridge, V. 271.
Cole (William), VII. 66.
Colebrook (Josiah), on encaustic paint¬
ing, VIII. 695.
• Dale, XIX. 622.
Cdlebrooke (H. T.), his translation of
a Hindu mathematical work, II. 425.
Coleoptera, insects, IX. 59, 107.
Colerain, VII. 66; XIII. 554.
Coleridge (S. T.), his mistake as to the
Parva Naturalia of Aristotle, I. 427
—on the cause of Luther’s visions,
III. 298—on the German drama, VIII.
177-8—on Homer, XI. 543, 545, 546,
n.—his opinion of Mackintosh, XIII.
657—on poetry, XVIII. 144—on Ra¬
belais, XIX. 4.
Coleshill, in Warwick, VII. 67.
Colesht, town in India, VII. 67.
Colet (John), VII. 67.
Coleworts, XI. 667.
Colgong, in Hindustan, VII. 67.
Colias, insect, IX. 241.
Coliberts, in law, VII. 67.
Colic, in horses, XXI. 624.
Coligni (Gaspard de), VII. 67.
Colina, hot springs of, VI. 524.
Colinda, in Hindustan, VII. 67.
Colisa, fish, XII. 190.
Coliseum in Rome, VII. 67; II. 668-9;
III. 443, 473 ; XIX. 427—in London,
XIII. 539.
Colius, bird, XVI. 582.
Coll (Castle), XXI. 12.
Collado on gunnery, XI. 42.
Colladon (Dr), on electro-magnetism,
VIII. 638.
.Collar, VII. 67—Knights of the, ib.
Collar-bone, in man, II. 786—the mam¬
malia, III. 7—birds, 12—reptiles, 15.
CoLarass, VII. 68.
Collard (M. Royer), taught Reid’s philo¬
sophy at Paris, I. 388—his efforts to
render speculative philosophy popu¬
lar in France, ib.
Collateral, VII. 68.
Collation, VII. 68.
Collect, VII. 68.
COLLEGAL PETTAH, VII. 68.
College, VII. 69. See Corporation.
*  — of Justice in Scotland, XIX.
725, 760 ; VIII. 418.
Collegians, VII. 69.
Collegiate churches, VII. 70.
Colletes, insect, IX. 232.
Collier (Arthur), denies the existence of
a material world, I. 168, 274.
•  ^Jeremy), VII. 70.—on the Irn-
COL
morality of the Stage, VIII. 173;
XXL 550.
Collier’s filter, IX. 581, 582.
Colliers, formerly slaves in Scotland,
XX. 383.
Collieries, VII. 70—damps In, Oil-
protection against these, XIII. 46—
Davy’s safety-lamp, VII. 641—acci¬
dents in, XV. 245—high temperature
of, XV. 176. See Coal.
Collingwood (Cuthbert, Lord), VII.
85—his conduct at the battle of Cape
St Vincent, V. 481.
Collins on book-keeping, IV. 776.
 (Anthony), VII. 86—his contro¬
versy with Dr Clarke, I. 144—on the
doctrine of necessity, 148, 265; VI.
729—Locke’s regard for, I. 264—on
the tenets of the Epicureans and
Stoics, 266—his notion of liberty pre¬
cisely that of Hobbes, 268—Bentley’s
answer to his Discourse of Freethink-
ing, IV. 577—on materialism, VI. 729.
  (Colonel), his account of the
New Hollanders, IV. 208.
 ’ (Samuel), his researches in com¬
parative anatomy, II. 700.
  (William), VII. 87—merits of
his poetry, XVIII. 172.
Collinson (Peter), VII. 87.
COLLIQUAMENTUM, VII. 88.
COLLIQUATION, VII. 88.
Collision of bodies, laws of, XIV. 351,
386—motion from, XVII. 567, 571.
Colliuris, insect, IX. 113.
Colman (Geo.), VII. 88—his comedies,
VIII. 176, 178.
Colmar, in France, VH. 88.
Colmata, an Italian agricultural process,
II. 306.
 (La), XVII. 525.
Colmenar (Viejo), a Spanish town in
Guadalaxara, VII. 88.
Colna, town in Bengal, VII. 88.
Colne, river, XI. 284 ; XV. 60—its na¬
vigation, XVI. 11.
Colobata, insects, IX. 287.
Cologna, VII. 88.
Cologne, VII. 88-coins of, XV. 407
—early printing at, XVIII. 548—af¬
fair of the archbishop of, 687.
Colombia, VII. 89; II. 641.—institution
of the republic of, 639—heights of
mountains of, XVII. 505—map of,
vol. VII. PI. CLXXVI-2. See Bolivar,
Bolivia.
Colombin, VI. 471.
Colomesiana, II. 676.
Colon, anatomy of, II. 816—comparative
anatomy of, III. 38.
Colonel, VII. 111.
Colonies, VII. Ill—acts of Parliament
in 1826 respecting trade with the, 564
—Roman, XIX. 384—late revolution
in the practice of colonization, XXI.
975. See Emigration.
Colonnade, VII. 111.
Colonus, VII. 111.
Colophonite, VII. 126 ; XV. 159.
Colorado, river, XVII. 118.
Coloratura, VII. 126.
Colosseum. See Coliseum.
Collossus of-Rhodes, VII. 126 ; XX. 15.
Colostrum, VII. 127.
Colot, his surgical skill, XX. 828.
Colour, VII. 127; VI. 646; XIII. 333
—composition of colours, XIV. 741-
doctrine of, XVI. 403—beauty of, IV.
497—primary, resolvable into red,
green, and violet, I. 635-*-periodical,
VI. 635—prismatic, XIII. 331—mis¬
taken notions regarding the colour of
bodies, the cause of much error in
philosophy, I. 64—Dr Reid on, 65-
connection between it and extension
and figure, ib.—its varieties useful in
enabling us to distinguish bodies, 66
—Addison on the nature of, 273—se¬
paration of, by refraction, VI. 633—■
colours of aurora borealis, IV. 197—
of halos and parhelia, 634—of the
rainbow, 634—of thin plates, 635—
of double plates, 636—of supernume-
COL
rary rainbows and glories, 637—Of
striated substances, 638—of mirrors
and thick plates, 636—of deflected
light, 639—of defracted light, 640—
of mixed plates, 641—of doubly re¬
fracting substances, 644—of clouds,
VII. 3—of the electric spark, VIII.
583—of quadrupeds, XIV. 86, 139—
of minerals, XV. 126—of the atmo¬
sphere, XVI. 510; XVII. 530—of
natural bodies, XVI. 510—of the sea,
XVII. 518—of serpents, XX. 132—
of plants, VII. 127—of flowers, XXI.
581—of fruits, 584—stars of different
colours, IV. 47—change of colour of
cameleons, XIX. 148—resemblance
of the colours of birds to those of the
places they inhabit, XX. 317—in¬
fluence of electricity on, VIII. 633,
635—coloured polarisation, XVIII.
234—influence of light on the colour
of plants, XXI. 578, 584—coloured
rings formed on metallic plates by
voltaic currents, XXI. 680. See Com¬
plexion, Dyeing.
Colours, perception of, XVII. 464—are
the blind capable of distinguishing
them by touch ? IV. 694, 698—inca¬
pacity of distinguishing, VII. 128.
 , in painting, VII. 127—in crayon
painting, VII. 452—in encaustic paint¬
ing, VIII. 695—water colours, 184
—porcelain colours, XVIII. 438 —
printing in, 568—printing of coloured
engravings, XV. 3—laws of harmo¬
nious colouring in house-painting,
XVI. 732. See Painting.
Colouring matter of leaves. III. 95—of
the blood, VI. 494.
Colquhoun (Dr), on the corn raised and
consumed in the United Kingdom,
VII. 355.
Colran, river, VII. 129.
Colt, VII. 129.
Coltie, VII. 129.
Coluber, serpent, XX. 139.
Colubriform serpents, XX. 146.
Columb (St), canal, XVI. 18.
Columba, bird, XVI. 612.
  (St), VII. 129—his preaching
in Germany, X. 479—his residence in
Iona, XII. 338—the Christianizer of
Scotland, XIX. 698.
Columbanus, VII. 130.
Columbella, in conchology, XV. 346.
Columbia (district of), in Maryland,
XIV. 273—canals in XVI. 27.
 , in S. Carolina, VII. 130.
———, in Tennessee, XXI. 183.
  River, VII. 130; XVI. 523;
XXL 452—climate of, II. 613—fur-
trade of, X. 264.
Columbian printing-press, XVIII. 570.
Columbic acid, VI. 391—salts of, 454.
Columbium, VI. 391—specific gravity
of, XII. 28.
Columbkill, XII. 352. See Iona.
Columbo, in Ceylon, VI. 299, 303, 305.
Columbretes, islands, VII. 130.
Columbus (Christopher), VII. 130;
XX. 498—his voyages, X. 398—his
discovery of America, II. 636 ; of Ja¬
maica, XII. 496 ; of the variation of
the needle, XIII. 686.
 , anatomist, II. 696, 698.
—* town in Ohio, XVI. 330.
—  (Congregation of St), VII. 130.
Columella (L. J. M.), VII. 134—on
irrigation, XII. 455.
 , in botany, V. 48, 55.
Columelliaceae, in botany, V. 118.
Column, VII. 134—in architecture, ib.;
III. 465—Doric, 437, 450, 451—Ionic,
439, 440,451—Corinthian, 440,447—
considered with reference to architec¬
tural composition, 460—building of
columns, V. 676—strength of, VI.
153; XX. 758, 771—construction of
wooden, XII. 613.
COLUMNARIUM, VII. 135.
Colures, VII. 135 ; III. 755.
Coluri, Greek island, VII. 135.
Colyba, or Golybus, VII. 135.
COL—COM
Colydium, insect, IX. 176.
Colymbetes, insects, IX. 135.
Colymbus, bird, XVI. 629.
Colyton, in Devonshire, VII. 135.
Colyttus, IV. 124.
Coma, Syrian town, VII. 135.
 , in botany, V. 50.
 Berenices, VII. 135.
Comayagua, XI. 18.
Combs of bees, IV. 525—their dura¬
bility, 531.
Combat, VII. 135—.judicial, ib.; VI.
601; XVI. 520.
Combativeness, XVII. 462.
Combe ; Dr Andrew), on phrenology,
XVII. 469, 471.
Combermere (Lord), his capture of
Bhurtpore, IV. 611.
Combination, VII. 135—laws of che¬
mical, VI. 355.
Combinations, in mathematics, VII.
135.
Combination-laws, repeal of the, V. 561
—effects of that measure, 564.
Combing of wool, XXI. 935.
Combo, XX. 94.
Combooconam, VII. 136.
Combretaceaa, in botany, V. 109.
Combrune (Mr), on brewing, V. 231—
on malting, 236.
Combumpadoo, VII. 136.
Combust, in astronomy, VII. 136.
Combustibles, phosphorescent effects of
electricity on, VIII. 634.
Combustio Pecuni.®, VII. 136.
Combustion, VII. 136—theory of,
XVII. 449—theories of Stahl and
Lavoisier, VI. 348, 350—spontane¬
ous, of human body, VIII. 24—elec¬
tricity developed in, 605—Hooke on,
XL 555—air necessary to, XVIII.
130—in steam-boilers, XX. 684.
Comedy, VII. 136—Greek, VIII. IIS-
middle and new, 150—Italian, 158—•
French, 166—English, 167, et seg.—
genteel, 175—of intrigue, ib.—Ger¬
man, 177.
Comenius (John Amos), VII. 136.
Comephora, fish, XII. 194.
Comercolly, in Bengal, VII. 136.
Comets, VII. 137; III. 757 ; IV. 37—
disturbance of their orbits by planet¬
ary attraction, 59—just notions of the
ancients regarding, I. 452—size and
consistence of, 668—methods for dis¬
covering the orbits of, ib.—Lalande
on, XIII. 28—Lambert on, 37—atmos¬
phere of, XVIII. 105 —Halley’s comet,
I. 667; III. 744, 749.
Comillah, in Hindustan, VII. 151.
Comines (Philippe de), VII. 151.
Comita, Sicilian town, VII. 152.
Comitatus, in law, VII. 152.
Comitia, Roman assemblies, VII. 152
—centuriata, XIX. 379.
Comitialis morbus, VII. 154.
Comitium, VII. 154.
Comma, VII. 154.
Commachio, Italian city, VII. 154.
Commander-in-chief, naval, XVI. 51.
Commandments (the Ten), VII. 661.
Commandry, VII. 154.
Commelineas, in botany, V. 136.
Commemoration, VII. 154.
Commendam, VII. 154.
COMMENDATUS, VII. 155.
Commensurable, VII. 155.
Commentary, VII. 155.
Commerce, VII. 155—history of, ib.—
principles of, 163—fluctuations of, in
the present age, 172—effects of the
cotton-manufacture on, 413—evils of
the exclusive system, 414,421—credit,
457—promoted by the Crusades, VII.
493—acts of Parliament for the bene¬
fit of, in 1823, V. 557 ; and in 1825,
564—commercial distress of 1825, ib.
—characters of abbreviations in, VI.
323—promotion of civilization by, IX.
382, 410—beneficial results of, XVIII.
278—employment of capital in, 284—
distinction between agriculture and,
293 — commenje of Asia, III. 698 j
42
INDEX
COM
England, VIII. 779 ; France, X. 185 ;
and the United States, XXI. 465. See
Economists, and the geographical ar¬
ticles generally.
Commercial duties, XV. 473.
Commercial League of Germany, XVIII.
686, 694.
Commercy, in France, VII. 176.
Commewina, river, VII. 176.
Commim, in Hindustan, VII. 176.
COMMINATION, VII. 176.
COMMINATOKY, VII. 176.
Comminution, VII. 176.
Commire (John), VII. 176.
Commissariat department of the British
army, III. 618.
Commissary, VII. 176
 Courts, VII. 176; VIII. 418;
XIX. 757.
Commission, VII. 176.
 , or factorage, IX. 475—calcula¬
tion of, III. 556.
Commissioner, VII. 177.
Commissura, in botany, V. 48.
Commissure, VII. 177.
Commitment, VII. 177.
Committee, VII. 177.
Commodate, VII. 177.
Commodity, VII. 177.
Commodore, VII. 177 ; XVI. 52.
Commodus, Roman emperor, VII. 177
—history of his reign, XIX. 409.
Common, VII. 177 — improvement of
commons, II. 316.
  , in law, VII. 177—in grammar,
178—in geometry, ib.
Common-place book, VII. 177.
Common-places, XIX. 206.
Common Pleas, VII. 178.
 Prayer, VII. 178.
 sense, I. 387; XIV. 638 ; XX. 96.
Commonalty, VII. 178.
Commoner, VII. 179.
Commons (House of), VII. 179; IX.
13; XVII. 85.
COMMONTY, VII. 179.
Commonwealth, history of England dur¬
ing the, V. 333.
Commote, VII. 179.
Communis, in botany, VII. 179.
Communibus LOCIS, VII. 179—annis, ih.
Communicating, in theology, VII. 179.
Communication, VII. 179.
Communion, VII. 179—service, 180.
Community, VII. 180. See Corporation.
Comnena (Anna), VII. 180 ; XIII. 293.
Como, lake, VII. 180; XII. 484 ; XIII.
469 ; XVII. 523.
 , delegation and city, VII. 180.
Comorin (Cape), VII. 180.
Comoro, island, VII. 180.
Compact, VII. 180.
Companion, VII. 180.
Company, VII. 180—commercial com¬
panies, ib.—of soldiers, 184.
Company’s Island, VII. 184.
Comparative Anatomy, III. 1; XIV.
515—province of, II. 685—cultivated
by Aristotle, 687—revival of, 700—
utility of, XVII. 584. See Animal
Kingdom, Entomology, &e.
■ Physiology, XVII. 699.
DEGREE, VII. 185; X. 669, 689
COM—CON
common and azimuth compasses,
765—variation compass, 766—survey¬
ing with the compass, XXI. 6.
Compass-dials, VII. 188.
Compasses, VII. 188.
Compassion, VII. 188.
Compeigne, in France, VII. 189.
Compendium, VII. 189.
Compensation, VII. 189.
Compensation-balance of watch, VI. 798
Competalia, ancient feasts, VII. 189.
Competentes, VII. 189.
Complement, VII. 189 ; XXI. 370
Complex, VII. 189—term, ib.
Complexion, VII. 189 ; XIV. 195—of
different races, 198 —original, of the
human species, II. 134—of the Ame¬
rican races, 616.
Complication, VII. 192.
Compline, VII. 192.
Complutum, Greek Bible, IV. 614.
Componite, in mineralogy, VII. 192.
Compositse, in botany, V. 116.
Composite, VII. 192—Numbers, ib.—
Order of architecture, ib.; III. 425,
443, 449, 451, 461.
Composition, VII. 192—in logic, 193-
in music, ib.—in painting, 194—in
printing, ib. ; XVIII. 555—architec¬
tural, III. 459—of motion, VIII. 356
—of pressures, 358.
 (literary), VII. 193—Condillac
on, 206—Playfair’s habits of, XVIII.
48—poetic diction, 143—letter-writ¬
ing, 397.
  of forces, VI. 157; VIII. 357
—machine for shewing, XIV. 454-
Compositor, XVIII. 555.
Compostella, VII. 194 5 XI. 11.
Compound, VII. 194-motion’, ib.
VIII. 356—numbers, VII. 194—ratio
ib.
interest, VII. 194—tables of
Comparison, VII. 185—-in grammar,
X. 669, 689—phrenological faculty of,
XVII. 464.
Compartition, VII. 187.
Compartment, VII. 187.
Compass (mariner’s), XV. 751—inven¬
tion of the, 1.624; III. 644 ; X. 525, et
seq.; XIII. 685; XV. 746 ; XX. 216
—action of aurora borealis on, IV. 199
—Coulomb on its improvement, VII.
425—one described by him, 426—ef¬
fect of electricity on, VIII. 637 
points of the, X. 407—discovery of
variation and dip of needle, XIII.
686 ; and of its daily variation, 688
—error from attraction of iron in
ships, 693, 772—dip of needle, 730,
742—its variation, 730; XV. 789—
change of its variation, 749 — form
*nd construction of needle, XIII. 764
increase of L.l at, III. 231-2.
Comprehension, VII. 194.
Compressibility, II. 114 ; xil. 9 ; XVII.
568 ; XVIII. 75, 98, et seq.—is a pro¬
perty of all bodies, XX. 751.
Compton (Henry), VII. 194.
Compulsor, VII. 194.
Compurgator, VII. 195.
Comtah, in Hindustan, VII. 195.
Comus, VII. 195.
Conant (Dr John), VII. 195.
Conatus, VII. 195.
Conca (Sebastian), VII. 195.
Concan, in India, VII. 195. '
Conoarneau, French city, VII. 195.
Concatenation, VII. 195.
Concave, VII. 195.
Concentration, VII. 195.
Concentrativeness, XVII. 462.
Concentric, VII. 195.
Conception, in metaphysics, XIV. 619.
gfio ’in physiology, VII. 196 ; XVII
(immaculate) of the Holy Virgin,
VII. 196.
 , in Chili, VII. 196 s VI. 539.
Concert, VII. 196.
Concertato, VII. 196.
CONCERTO-GROSSO, VII. 196.
Conchagua, XI. 19.
Conchifera, mollusca, XV. 366.
CONCHITES MARMOR, VII. 196
Conchoid, VII. 196—construction of
the. III. 129.
Concholepas, in conchology, XV 349
Conchology, XV. 324.
Conchon, in Hindustan, VII. 196.
Conchylia, VII. 196.
CONCIATOR, VII. 196.
Concinnous intervals, VII. 196.
 system, VII. 196.
Conclamatio, VII. 196.
Conclave, VII. 196.
Conclusion, in logic, VII. 196, 266 •
XIII. 446. ’
Concord, in grammar, VII. 196.
 , in music, VII. 196. See Har¬
mony.
 , in Massachusetts, XIV. 305.
  , in New Hampshire, XVI. 165.
CON
Concordance of the Bible, VII. 196—
Calasio’s, V. 785.
Concordat, VII. 197; X. 201.
Concordia, goddess, VII. 197.
Concrete, VII. 197.
Concretion, VII. 197—in pathology,
XVII. 129.
Concubinage and Concubine, VII. 197.
Condamine (C. M. de la), VII. 198; I.
656 ; IX. 548.
Condapilly, VII. 200.
CoNDAVIR, VII. 201.
Conde (L. de B., Prince of), VII. 201.
   Sur Noireau, VII. 203.
Condeixa, in Portugal, VII. 203.
Condemnation, VII. 203.
Condensation, VII. 203.
Condenser, VII. 203—of electricity,
VIII. 651—of steam-engine, XX. 633,
663, 696.
Condillac (E. B. de), VII. 203—on
vision, I. 164—his commentary on
Locke, 173, 363—on the origin of
ideas, 173—cause of popularity of his
works, ib.—when most successful, com¬
monly follows Locke, 174—most valu¬
able parts of his writings, ib.—instance
of radical error of his system, 176—
its influence in misleading his con¬
temporaries, 177—M. de Bonald on
his merits, ib.—on sensation, 364—
omits to distinguish perception from
emotion, ib.—on the deaf and dumb,
VII. 647 — on association of ideas,
VIII. 436—his merits as a philoso¬
pher, 437 ; I. 174, et seq.
Condiments, XVII. 625.
Conditional, VII. 207.
Condom, in France, VII. 207.
Condor, bird, XVI. 558; XI. 383—of
Chili, VI. 526.
•, Pulo Isles, VII. 208.
Condorcanqui (Jose Gabriel), IV. 755.
Condorcet (Marquis of), VII. 208—on
religious Machiavelism, I. 23—on Ba¬
con, Descartes, and Galileo, 56—friend¬
ship between him and Cabanis, V. 764
—on Du Hamel’s style, VIII. 256—on
probability, XVIII. 593 - lens sug¬
gested by, XX. 21.
CONDORMIENTES, VII. 209.
Condrieu, French city, VII. 210.
Condrodite, specific gravity of, XII. 28.
Conduction, electrical, VIII. 580.
Conductors of electricity, XXI. 675 -
VIII. 645, 662—house, 647—ship, ib*
Condyles, II. 789.
Condylura, in zoology, XIV. 104.
Cone, in geometry, VII. 210, 252 ; X.
465—development of, 416; XIL 608
—mensuration of, XIV. 572. See
Conic Sections.
in botany, V. 49.
CON
Congleton, in Cheshire, VII. 214.
Congo, African country, VII. 214 —
Captain Tuckey’s expedition to, II
234—ants in, III. 241.
Congoon, Persian town, VII. 216.
Congregation, VII. 216—lords of the,
XIX. 733.
CONGREGATIONALISTS, VII. 216.
Congress, VII. 216—of the 'united
States, XXI. 481.
Congreve (William), VII. 216—his
merits as a dramatist, VIII. 172 his
character of Dryden, 223—wit of his
comedies, XXI. 551.
(Sir William), his report on gas¬
lighting, X. 363.
CONGRUITY, VII. 217.
Coni, in Italy, VII. 217.
Conia, poisonous quality of, XVIII. 177.
Conic Sections, VII. 218—parabola’
221—ellipse, 227—hyperbola, 238 
cone and its sections, 252—curvature
of conic sections, 254—their areas,
258—Apollonius on, III. 287-8 in¬
troduced into geometry by Plato,
XIV. 314—Dr R. Simson on, XX. 358.
Conicera, insects, IX. 292,
CONICHTHYODONTES, VII. 263.
Coniferse, in botany, V. 131.
Goniometer (Leslie’s), XII. 24.
Conirostres, birds, XVI. 579.
Conissal^:, VII. 263.
Conium, a poison, XIV. 506.
Conjee, in Hindustan, VII. 263.
Conjeveram, VII. 263.
Conjugate diameter, VII. 263.
Conjugation, VII. 263.
Conjunction, in astronomy, VII. 263.
■, in grammar, VII. 263 ; X. 672.
673, 685.
Conjuration, VII. 263.
Conkair, in Hindustan, VII. 263.
Connaraceas, in botany, V. 106.
Connaught, VII. 263.
Connecticut, state, VII. 263; XVI.
157—canals in, 24 ; XXI. 470.
 , river, VII. 264.
Connectives, VII. 264.
Connectivum, in botany, V. 44.
Connell (Prof.), on the secondary agency
of electric currents, XXI. 681.
Connemara, X. 303.
Connoisseur, VII. 264.
Connor (Bernard), VII. 264.
  , bishopric of, III. 274.
Conoid, in geometry, VII. 264.
Conon, general, VII. 264; IV. 160.
•, astronomer, III. 730.
Conegliano, Italian city, VII. 210.
CONFARREATION, VII. 210.
Confederation of the Rhine, VII 210
Confession, VII. 211—of Augsburg,’
XIX. 90. S
Confessions of Faith, VII. 211—re¬
jected by the Independents, XII. 261
—Dr Taylor against, ib.—of Church of
Scotland, XIX. 735, 763.
Confessional, VII. 211.
Confessor, VII. 211.
Configuration, VII. 211.
Confirmation, in theology, VII. 211.
Conflagration, VII. 211.
Confolens, in France, VII. 211.
Conformity, VII. 212.
Confucius, VII. 212—works of, VI
551—birth of, XV. 677
Confusjon, VII. 213—of Tongues at
Babel, ib.; XVII. 355.
Confutation, VII. 213.
Conge d’ elire, VII. 213
Congelation, VII. 61 — artificial, 62,
504 ; XIII. 247—height of limit of
perpetual, VI. 754; XVII. 544—of
water, XI. 189—of mercury, VI. 262
—freezing mixtures, VII. 60 62 •’ XT
196; VI. 263. ’ ’
Congeries, VII. 213.
Congestion, XVII. 126.
Conopalpus, insect, IX. 166.
Conophaga, birds, XVI. 569.
Conops, insect, IX. 278 ; VII. 265.
Conopsarise, insects, IX. 278.
| Conovium, VII. 265.
Conrad, VII. 265.
Conradin, VII. 265.
Consanguinity, VII. 265.
Conscience, XV. 457, 466; III. 522—
definition of, I. 346—formation of,
from various elements, 405. See
Ethical Philosophy.
Conscientiousness, XVII. 463.
Consciousness, philosophy of, XIV. 630.
Conscript, VII. 265.
Conscription, French, HI. 601—Russian,
XIX. 574, note 2.
Consecration, VII. 265—of bishops,
IV. 652.
Consentes, VII. 265.
Consequence, in logic, VII. 266.
Conservatio virium vivarum, VIII. 377.
Conservator, VII. 266.
Conseryatorios, VII. 266.
Conservatory, VII. 266; XI. 686—
conservatory-plants, 687.
CONSISTENTES, VII. 266.
Consistorial Court, Edinburgh, VIII.
418. See Commissary Courts.
Consistory, VII. 266.
Consol, in architecture, III. 465.
Consonants, VII. 266—pronunciation
of, XVII. 684.
Conspiracy, VII. 266.
Conspirators, VII. 266.
INDEX
43
CON
Constable, VII. 266.
 (Archibald), VII. 267.
Constance, VII. 269—lake of, ib.
XVII. 523 ; XXL 46.
Constancy, VII. 269.
Constans, Roman emperor, VII. 272-
reign of, XIX. 417—his visit to Bri¬
tain, 696.
Constant (Benjamin), on English li¬
berty, XIII. 172.
Constantia, VII. 269.
Constantina, in Algiers, VII. 269.
 , Spanish town, VII. 270.
 , wife of Gallus Ciesar, VII. 273.
Constantine the Great, VII,. 270 
reign of, XIX. 414—his vision, 415—
his proceedings in Britain, V. 301—
his improvement of Byzantium, 761
—his clemency, VI. 735—ecclesiasti¬
cal government instituted by, XI.
491—his library, XIII. 290—state of
art in his reign, XVI. 705—his law
for the regular observance of Sun¬
day, XX. 809.
 II., Roman emperor, VII. 270—
reign of, XIX. 417.
 (Dracoses), VII. 270.
 , emperor of Russia, XIX. 561.
 , Grand Duke, XVIII. 209.
 (Robert), VII. 270.
Constantinograd, VII. 270.
Constantinople, VII. 270—aqueduct
near, III. 318—supply of water to,
319—dome of the church of St Sophia
at, III. 380, 389—military establish¬
ments in, 615—unsuccessful British
expedition against, V. 524—era of,
VI. 658 — commerce of, VII. 157 5
XXI. 427—taken and plundered by
the Crusaders, 287, 486 ; and by the
Turks, 290 5 XXI.412—bishops of, XI.
491, et seq.—ancient MSS. at, XIII.
288 — libraries at, 291, 317; XXL
426—made the seat of the Roman em¬
pire, XIX. 416—Russian expeditions
against, 528—introduction of the silk¬
worm at, XX. 351. See Byzantium.
CONSTANTINOPOLITAN HISTORY, VII.
271.
Constantins, Roman emperor, VII. 272-
reign of, XIX. 417.
   Chlorus, XIX. 413, 414.
Constellations, VII. 291; IV. 41—
Dupuis on the, VIII. 286.
Constitution, VII. 291.
Constitutions (Apostolical), VII. 291.
Constrictor muscles, VII. 291.
Construction, VII. 291.
Constructiveness, XVII. 462.
CONSUALIA, VII. 291.
Consubstantial, VII. 291.
Consubstantiation, theological doc¬
trine of, VII. 291; XX. 816. '
Consuegra, Spanish town, VII. 291.
Consul, Roman, VII. 291; XIX. 368.
Consumption of wealth, XVIII. 303.
 , a disease. See Phthisis.
Contact, doubtful whether it has ever
been observed, XVII. 569.
Contagion, XXI. 992.
CONTANAGUR, VII. 292.
Conte, French city, VII. 292.
Contemplation, VII. 292—utility of a
life of, XX. 453.
Contemporary, VII. 292.
Context, VII. 292.
Contexture VII. 292.
Conti (Abbe), IX. 634.
Contiguity, VII. 292.
Contiguous, VII. 292.
Continence, VII. 292.
Continent, VII. 292 ; X. 407.
Contingent, VII. 292.
Continued, VII. 292—bass, ib.
Continuity, law of, in mechanics, first
maintained by Galileo, I. 476.
Continuo, in music, VII. 293.
CONTOBABDITES, VII. 293.
Contor, See Condor.
Contorsion, VII. 293.
Contour, in painting, VII. 293.
Contourne, in heraldry, VII. 293.
CONTOURNIATED, VII. 293.
»
CON—COO
Contra, in Hesse-Cassel, VII. 293.
Contra-harmonic proportion, VII.
; 293.
Contraband, VII. 293.
Contract, VII. 293.
- Contractile force, VII. 293.
• Contractility, muscular, II. 738 : XVII.
593, 609.
Contraction, VII. 293.
Contradiction, VII. 293.
Contradictory propositions, VII. 29 3.
Contrariety, VII. 293.
Contrast, VII. 293.
Contre, in heraldry, VII. 293.
Contrition, VII. 293.
Control and Controller, VII. 293.
Contusion, VII. 293.
Conurus, bird, XVI. 601.
Conus, in eonchology, XV. 346.
Conusidae, mollusca, XV. 364.
Convents, French, X. 202.
Conventicles, VII. 293—act of Par¬
liament against, in 1670, V. 349.
Convention, VII. 293 — of Scottish
burghs, XIV. 591.
Conventual, VII. 293-4.
CONVENTUS JURIDICI, VII. 294.
Converging or convergent lines, rays,
and series, VII. 294.
Conversation, VII. 294 — published
collections of the conversations of
eminent men, II. 674.
Converse, VII. 294.
Conversion, VII. 294—puritanical no¬
tions of, VIII. 453.
Convert, VII. 294.
Convex and Convexity, VII. 294.
Convict, VII. 294—convicts in Van
Diemen’s Land, XXI. 555—in New
South Wales, 718.
Conviction, VII. 294 ; IV. 139.
Convocation, VII. 294 ; XVIII. 523.
Convolution, VII. 294.
Convolutions of the brain in man, II.
807—in brutes, III. 31—their relation
to the intellect of animals, 163.
Convolvulacese, in botany, V. 122.
Convoy, VII. 295.
Convulsion, in pathology, XVII. 132.
Conway,town in Caernarvonshire, II. 26
—vale of, V. 772.
 , a river in Caernarvonshire, V.
772—its navigation, XVI. 11.
 (General), his motion against the
American war, V. 420.
Cooch Bahar, VII. 295.
Cook (Sir Anthony), VII. 295.
  (Capt. James), VII. 295—his
voyages, X. 402 ; IV. 349—his disco¬
veries in N. America, II. 403; New
Holland, IV. 205, 210 ; New Guinea,
211; the New Hebrides, 214; New
Caledonia, 214; New Zealand, 215;
Kerguelen’s Land, 217 ; the arctic and
antarctic regions, XVIII. 219, 224 ;
and Polynesia, XVIII. 319, 324, 325.
 (Colonel), on hounds and hunt¬
ing, XL 703, et seq. 742, et seq.
Cooks, diseases of, XIV. 510.
Cookery, VII. 304 ; IX. 735—import¬
ance of,. VIII. 25—its influence on
health, XIV. 508—cooking by steam,
XX. 608.
Cookstown, XXL 441.
Coolies, XI. 31, 32, 397.
CooLOO,in Hindustan, VII. 304.
Cooloor, town in Hindustan, VII. 304.
Coomassie, VII. 304 ; III. 669.
Coombe Hill canal, XVI. li.
Coonia, XI. 710.
Coopang, town in Timor, VII. 304.
Cooper, VII. 305—cooperage at Dept¬
ford, VIII. 81.
 (Mr), on codification, XIII. 193.
 (Mr), his views respecting mate¬
rialism, XIV. 676, et seq.
—  (Anthony Ashley), 1st earl of
Shaftesbury, VII. 305—Charles II.’s
prosecution of, V. 352—his flight to
Amsterdam, 354.
  (Anthony Ashley), 3d earl of
Shaftesbury, VII. 305 —on Locke’s
theory of innate ideas, 1.118—his Cha-
COO—COP
racteristics, 332—merits and defects
of, as a writer, 332-3—his Moralists
and Inquiry concerning Virtue, 333—
his ethical views, 334—on beauty, IV.
485—on Shakspeare’s style, XX. 171.
Cooper (Sir Astley), his experiments on
digestion, VIII. 21.
 (J. F.), novels of, XIX. 349.
 (John Gilbert), VII. 307.
 or Couper (Thomas), VII. 306.
Coorg, in Hindustan, VII. 307.
Cooserah, in Hindustan, VII. 307.
Coots, birds, XVI. 628.
Coote (Sir Charles), his sanguinary pro¬
ceedings in Ireland, XII. 369.
 (Sir Eyre), XI. 416, et seq.
 (General), VIII. 493.
Cootra, in Hindustan, VII. 307.
Copal, specific gravity of, XII. 28.
Coparcenary, VII. 307.
Coparceners, VII. 307.
Cope, VII. 307. See Coping.
  (Sir John), defeated by Prince
Charles at Prestonpans, V. 381.
Copenhagen, VII. 307, 725 — Royal
Academy of Sciences at, II. 72—port
of, I V. 328—attacked by the British
in 1801, V. 501; XVI. 88; VII. 724;
X. 120; and in 1807, V. 523, 526 ;
VII. 724 ; X. 148—besieged by the
Swedes in 1659, VII. 722 ; and by
Charles XIL, XXL 21—university of,
VII. 730—literary societies, ib.—naval
arsenal, VIII. 80—libraries, XIII. 316.
Copernxcan SYSTEM, VII. 308; IV. 16.
Copernicus (Nicolas), VII. 308 ;
XVIII. 213—results of his discovery
of the true theory of the planetary
motions, I. 20—publication and recep¬
tion of his Astronomia Imtaurata,
485—his discovery fully established
by Kepler and Galileo, 488-93—on
gravitation, 558 ; IV. 174—his astro¬
nomical discoveries, III. 73')—his pla¬
netary system, IV. 16.
Cophti, or Copti, VII. 310. See Copts.
Cophtic, VII. 310. See Coptic.
Copiapo, in Chili, VII. 310.
Copiata, VII. 310.
Coping, in architecture, III. 465—of
walls, V. 671, 675.
Copland (Prof.), his alleged introduction
into Britain of the use of chlorine in
bleaching, IV. 679.
Copper, VII. 310 ; VI. 414—in mine¬
ralogy, XV. 145, 146—native, 166—
annealing of, III. 197—its use in as¬
saying, 712—its compounds with zinc
and tin, V. 185—sheathing of ships
with, 440 ; XVI. 45; VII. 642 —
alloys with silver, VI. 420 ; and with
gold, 421—saccharate of, 472—smelt¬
ing of, in Chili, 530—salts of oxides
of, VI. 451—protects wood in sea¬
water from the attacks of the Lim-
noria terebrans, VII. 502—quantity
of, manufactured at Portsmouth,
VIIL 84—use of black oxide of, as a
mordant, 304—engraving on, IX. 44
—specific gravity of, XII. 28—mag¬
netism of, XIII. 709—money, XIV.
470 ; XV. 384—its poisonous quality,
XIV. 501—culinary utensils of, 508
—its action on oak-timber, XX. 273
—strength of, for fastenings in ships,
296—silvering of, 354—cohesion of,
756 —its advantages as a material
for steam-engine boilers, 676, et seq.—
inferior in that respect to iron, XXI.
470, n. 2. See Coppermines, Copper¬
plates.
Copper-black, VII. 312.
Copper-emerald. See Dioptase.
Copper-glance, XV. 168.
Copper-green, VII. 312.
Copper-mica, VII. 312.
Copper-mines in Anglesey, III. 132—
Barraba, IV. 404—Britain, XV. 247
—Caernarvonshire, V. 773— Chili,
VI. 528, 534 — Cornwall, VII. 312,
367 ; XV. 276 — Cumberland, VII.
537—England, VIII. 768—Europe,
IX. 409 ; XV. 243, 251—Hindustan,
COP—COR
XL 384—Ireland, XIL 394—Japan,
512—Norway, XVI. 262—Sweden,
XXI. 31—Tibet, 256—the United
States, 454—Waterford, 810. Seethe
geographical articles generally.
Coppermine River, XI. 717.
Copper-nickel, XV. 166.
Copper-ore, XV. 161.
Copperplates, printing from, VI. 232—
XVIII. 537, 572—multiplication of,
by voltaic electricity, XXI. 683.
Copper-pyrites, XV. 167.
Copperas, VII. 312—a preventive of
dry-rot, VIIL 232. See Iron (sul¬
phate of).
Coppice, VII. 312 ; XVII. 785.
Copraja, island, VII. 312.
Coprophagi, insects, IX. 152.
Coprophilus, insect, IX. 138.
Copris, insect, IX. 154.
Coptos, in Egypt, VII. 312.
Copts, VII. 310; II. 225 ; VIII. 460
519—marriage among the, 528
Coptic language, VII. 310 ; VIII. 520
XIII. 93—alphabet, II. 540, 549—
Bibles, IV. 616—identity of the Cop¬
tic dialects with the ancient language
of Egypt, XL 308.
Copulation, XVII. 685
Copy, VII. 312.
Copyists of books, IV. 622—Egyptian,
VIIL 529.
Copyright, VII. 313—in dramatic per¬
formances, XXI. 194.
Coques (Gonzalez), VII. 320.
Coquimbo, VII. 320 ; VI. 539.
Cor Caroli—Hydrse—Leonis, VII. 320.
Cora, temple at, III. 418, 450.
Corachie, in Sinde, VII. 320.
Coracias, birds, XVI. 585.
CORACOMANTES, VII. 321.
Coradge, river, VII. 321.
Corah, in Hindustan, VII. 321.
Coral islands and reefs, XVII. 515—in
the Australasian Sea, IV. 218—in
Polynesia, XVIII. 321,329—rocks at
the Loo Choo Islands, XIII. 565—
zoophytes which produce, XXI. 1022.
Coral-fishery of Marseilles, XIV. 262.
Coram, (Capt. Thomas), VII. 321.
Coran. See Alcoran.
Corban, VII. 321.
Corbeil, in France, VII. 321.
Corbeils, in fortification, VII. 321.
Corbel, in architecture, III. 465.
Corbet (Richard), VII. 321.
Corculum of seeds, VII. 322 ; III. 74.
Corcyra, VII. 322—sedition of, IV
156—Corcyrian war, 154.
Cord, VII. 322. See Chord.
Cordage, VII. 322. See Rope.
Cordated, VII. 322.
Corday-d’Armans (M. A. C.), VII. 322.
Corded, in heraldry, VII. 323.
Cordelier, VII. 323.
Cordemoi (Gerald de), VII. 323.
Cordiaceas, in botany, V. 122.
Cordier (Mons.), on the internal heat of
the globe, XV. 177, 230.
Cordilleras, or Andes, VII. 323—of
Mexico, XIV. 797—mines in the, XV.
264. See Andes.
Cordiners, VII. 324.
Cordon, in fortification, VII. 323 ; IX.
773.
Cordova, in Spain, VII. 323—Moorish
academy at, VI. 343—Moorish rulers
of, XX. 494.
 , in La Plata, XVIII. 7.
 (General), XX. 512.
Corduan lighthouse, XX. 16, 18, 24.
Cordus (Valerius), VII. 324.
CORDWAINERS, VII. 324.
Cordyla, insect, IX. 263.
Cordylura, insect, IX. 285.
Cordylus, reptile, XIX. 142.
Core, in veterinary science, XXI. 620.
Corea, VII. 324—language of, XIII. 91.
Coregonus, fish, XII. 211.
Coreia, ancient festival, VII. 324.
Corella, Spanish town, VII. 324.
Corelli (Arcangelo), VII. 324.
Corethra, insect, IX. 259.
44
INDEX
COR
Coreus, insect, IX. 196.
Corfac, VII. 325.
Corfe-Castle, VII. 325.
Corfu, Ionian island, VII. 325 ; XII.
340—plague in, XVII. 777.
Corgo, island, VII. 326.
Coria, Spanish town, VII. 326.
Coriaceee, insects, IX. 292.
Coriarieaj, in botany, V. 105.
Coricus, fish, XII. 196.
Coridor, VII. 326.
Corigeiano, VII. 326.
Coringa, in Hindustan, VII. 326.
Corinjah, in Hindustan, VII. 326.
Corinna, VII. 326.
Corinth, VII. 326—ruins at, III. 414—
war with the Carthaginians in Sicily,
VI. 186; XXI. 56—plundered by the
Romans, XIX. 388—defeat of the
Corinthians by the Thebans under
Epaminondas, XXI. 196.
 (Isthmus of), VII. 328; X. 723.
Corinthian brass, V. 186.
 order of architecture, III. 473—
its origin, 416—Roman, 418, 443,447
—Romans fond of, 418—modern Ita¬
lian, 425, 451—Greek, 435, 440—re¬
marks on, III. 460.
Corio (Bernardino), VII. 328.
 , Italian town, VII. 328.
Coriolanus (Caius Marcius), VII. 328;
XIX. 372.
Coriolis on the law of the relation be¬
tween the temperature and force of
steam, XX. 595.
Corion of the skin, II. 750 ; XVII. 606
—of mucous membrane, II. 752.
Corixa, insect, IX. 200.
Cork, VII. 328—specific gravity of, XII.
28—suberin, VI. 480.
Cork-jacket, VII. 328; XIII. 323.
Cork, in Ireland, VII. 329—taken by
William the Third, XII. 377—cove of,
VII. 434.
 (Earls of). See Boyle.
Corleone, Italian city, VII. 332.
Cormac, Irish king, XII. 351.
Cormontaigne on fortification, IX. 770
—his system, 774.
Cormorant, XVI. 633.
Corn, VII. 332—not eaten by ants. III.
241, 242. See Corn-laws, Corn-trade,
Barley, Wheat, &c.
Corns in horses’ feet, XXI. 618.
Corn-crake, bird, XVI. 627.
Corn-Exchange, London, IV. 302.
Corn-Laws, VII. 333; II. 254, 258;
IV. 301; XVIII. 302—their effects
on agriculture, VIII. 767—act of Par¬
liament in 1814, V. 539—Lord Lon¬
donderry’s act in 1823, 557—modify¬
ing acts in 1826, 566—Mr Canning’s
bill in 1827, 570—act in 1828, 572.
Corn-trade, VIII. 333—British, 354,
783—foreign, 362—of London, XIII.
506.
Cornage, VII. 365.
Cornarists, VII. 365.
Cornarius (John), VII. 365.
Cornaro (Luigi), VII. 365.
Cornea of the eye, II. 798 ; III. 23.
Corneae, in botany, V. 115.
Corneille (Peter), VII. 365—Soileau’s
kindness to, IV. 738—his dramas,
VIII. 159, 165 ; I. 135—contrasted
with Shakspeare, 168.
 (Michael), VII. 366.
 (Thomas), VII. 365.
Cornelia, VII. 366.
Cornelian, V. 786—mines of, in Hindus¬
tan, XI. 385.
Cornet, VII. 366.
Corneus, VII. 366.
Cornice, III. 461, 465 —cornices on
houses recommended, V. 671—re¬
marks on, 676—plaster cornices in
rooms, 680—Doric, III. 438, 450-
Ionic, 439, 449—Corinthian, 441, 448.
—Caryatic, 441.
Cornicularius, VII. 366.
Cornu Ammonis, VII. 366 ; XV. 345.
Cornucopia, VII. 366.
Cornwall, VII. 366 — Dr Borlase’s
COR
works on, V. 7—Carew’s Survey of,
VI. 140—fisheries of, IX. 603—tin-
mines of, XV. 246 — copper-mines,
247, 276; and their produce, VII. 312
—rocking stones in, XX. 736.
Cornwallis (Charles, Lord), VII. 369
—his surrender to the Americans, V.
417, 420-1—his war against Tippoo
Sahib, 462—his government in India,
XL 428, 437, 448, 451—his govern¬
ment of Ireland, XII. 386.
Corolla, VII. 370; III.95,96; V. 39,42.
Corollary, VII. 370 ; X. 433; XIII.
445.
Corollist.*, VII. 370.
COROLLULA, VII. 370.
Coromandel, VII. 370; IV. 570.
Corona, in botany, VII. 372—Australis
and Borealis, constellations, ib.—in
architecture, III. 466.
Coronas, in chromatics, VI. 640.
Coronach, VII. 372.
Coronation, VII. 373—oath, XII. 724.
Coronella, serpents, XX. 138.
Coronelli (Vincent), VII. 373.
Coroner, VII. 373.
Coronets, in heraldry, XI. 256.
Coronis, insect, IX. 243.
Coronula, in conchology, XV. 340.
Corporal, VII. 373, 374.
Corporation, VII. 374, 180—civic, VI.
707.
 Act, attempts in 1787 and 1790
to get it repealed, V. 443, 457—re¬
peal of, 573.
Corporeal, VII. 376.
Corporeity, VII. 376.
Corpulency, VII. 376.
Corpus Christi, VII. 376.
Corpuscle, VII. 376.
Corpuscular philosophy, VII. 376.
Corradini di Sezza (P. M.), VII. 376.
Corrado (Sebastian), VII. 376.
Correa de Serra, V. 82.
Correction, in printing, VII. 376.
 house, VII. 376.
CORREGIDOR, VII. 376.
Correggio, Italian city, VII. 376.
Corregio, painter, II. 521-—his style,
III. 647, 657 ; XVI. 719.
Correlative, VII. 376.
Correze, in France, VII. 376.
Corrib (Lough), X. 303.
 river navigation, XVI. 22.
Corridor, VII. 326.
Corrientes, town, VII. 377—province
of La Plata, XVIII. 7.
Corrira, bird, XVI. 620.
Corrosion, VII. 377.
Corrosive sublimate, VI. 417—poison¬
ing with, XIV. 501.
Corrupticulas, sect, VII. 377.
Corruption, VII. 377—of blood, ib.
Corsair, VII. 377—Algerine, II. 509.
Corsee, in Hindustan, VII. 377.
Corselet, or Corslet, VII. 377.
Corsham, town in Wilts, VII. 377.
Corsica, VII. 377—Boswell’s visit to,
v- 27—reduced by the Romans, VI.
191; by the French, X. 37—language
of, XIII. 88—penal code, XVIII. 735
—weights and measures, XXI. 852—
map of, Vol. X. Plate CCL-2. See
Theodore, XXL 200.
Corsican moss, V. 138.
Corsned, VII. 378.
CORSTORPHINE, VII. 378.
Cort (Cornelius), VII. 378.
Corte, in Corsica, VII. 378.
Cortereal, exploratory voyages of, X
399; XVIII. 216.
Cortes of Spain, VII. 378; XX. 500 
new constitution of the, 506, 508,
513.
 (Hernan), VII. 378 ; XIV. 766.
  (Martin), his treatise on navi¬
gation, XV. 746.
Cortical texture in plants, III. 63. See
Bark.
   substance of the brain. See
Cineritious, Brain.
Corticus, insect, IX. 164.
Cortomark, VII. 380.
COR—COT
CORUMBAH, VII. 380.
Coruna tower, XX. 15.
Corundum, a mineral, VII. 380; XV.
1 55—specific gravity of, XII. 28.
Corunna, VII. 380—Sir John Moore’s
retreat to, V. 525; XV. 453; XXI.
736—battle of, V. 525.
Corus, VII. 381.
Coruscation, VII. 381.
Corvee system of taxation, XXI. 100—
its abolition, 410.
Corvina, fish, XII. 175.
Corvo, island, IV. 264.
Corvorant. See Cormorant.
Corvus, VII. 381—bird, XVI. 583.
Corwen, town in Wales, VII. 381.
Coryate (Thomas), VII. 381.
Corybantes, VII. 381, 550, 573, 582.
Corybantica, VII. 381.
Coryceum, VII. 381.
CORYCOMACHIA, VII. 381.
Corydalin, VI. 468.
Corydalis, insect, IX. 213.
CORYMBIUM, VII. 382.
Corymbus, VII. 382 ; V. 40.
Coryphama, fish, XII. 186.
Coryphjeus, VII. 382.
Corystes, Crustacea, VII. 501.
Corythaix, bird, XVI. 603.
Corylhus, bird, XVI. 582.
Coryvreckan, whirlpool, VII. 382.
Coryza, VII. 382.
Corzola, or Curzola, VII. 557.
Cos, VI. 294—reduced by Mithridates,
XVIII. 351—silk-worm of, XX. 350.
Cosah, river, VII. 382.
Coscinomancy, VII. 382.
Cosdroes, king of Parthia, XVII. 105.
Cosecant, VII. 382; XXI. 370.
Cosening, VII. 382.
Cosenza, Italian city, VII. 382.
Cosfeld. See Kosfeld.
Coshering, VII. 382.
Cosine, VII. 382; XXL 370.
Cosmas, navigator, II. 51.
Cosme (Frfere Jean de St), XX. 830.
Cosmetic, VII. 382.
Cosmia, in botany, V. 63.
Cosmical, VII. 382.
Cosmogony, VII. 382.
Cosmography, VII. 382.
Cosmolabe, VII. 382.
Cosmologists, ancient, IV. 384.
Cosmology, VII. 382; XIV. 599.
Cosrhoes. See Chosroes.
Cosmopolite, VII. 382.
Cosne, in France, VII. 382.
Cosoceto, Italian town, VII. 383.
Cossacks, VII. 383 ; XIX. 587.
Cossato, Italian town, VII. 383.
Cosse de Geniste, VII. 383.
Cosseir, trade of, VIII. 526.
Cossimbazar, VII. 383.
Cossimcotta, VII. 383.
Cossonus, insect, IX. 175.
Cossus, insect, IX. 245.
Cossyphenes, insects, IX. 165.
Cossyphus, insect, IX. 165.
Costa (Christopher), VII. 383.
 Rica, VII. 383; XL 17, 19.
Costal, VII. 384.
Costanzo (Angelo di), VII. 384.
Costard (George), VII. 384.
Coster (Laurence), his claim to the in¬
vention of printing, IV. 622.
Costiveness, VII. 562—among the do¬
mestic animals, XXI. 623.
Cot, or Cot*, VII. 386.
Cota (Rodriguez), VII. 384.
Cotangent, VII. 384; XXL 370.
Cotatis in Immeritia, XII. 254.
Cotchung, in Persia, VII. 384.
COTE-CAUNGRA, VII. 384.
Cote d’ or, VII. 384.
Cotelerius (John Baptist), VII. 385.
COTERELLUS, VII. 385.
Coterie, VII. 385.
Cotes (Roger), VII. 385—his work upon
the new analysis of Newton, I. 531 
mathematical discoveries of, 576 
his life and character, 598.
Cotesian Theorem, II. 499.
Coteswold, VII. 385.
COT—COU
Cotho, taken by the Romans, VI. 203.
Cothual (Joseph), II. 539.
Cothurnus, VII. 385.
Cothy, river, V. 771.
Cotice, in heraldry, VII. 385.
Cotignac, French town, VII. 385.
Cotillon, VII. 385. t
Cotinga, bird, XVI. 570.
Cotiote, in Hindustan, VII. 385.
Cotopaxi, VII. 386.
Cotrone, Italian city, VII. 386.
Cott, or Cot, VII. 386.
Cotta, his expedition against Mithri¬
dates, XVIII. 353.
Cottacotta, VII. 386.
Cottapatam, VII. 386.
Cottage, VII. 386—farm cottage, II.
273—ornamental, X. 337.
Cottage-farms, disadvantages of, II. 346.
Cottage System, VII. 386.
Cottagers, agricultural, II. 347.
Cotte (Mons.), on the moon’s influence
on weather, XV. 442.
Cottee, in Hindustan, VII. 394.
Cotterel’s blast-furnace, XVIII. 129-30.
Cottian Alps, II. 558.
Cottin (Madame), character of her no¬
vels, XIX. 355.
Getting sheep, II. 329.
Cothwar, in Hindustan, VII. 394.
Cotton (Charles), VII. 423—on angling,
III. 135, n., 149.
 (General), IV. 248.
 (Nathaniel), VII. 424.
  (Sir Robert), VII. 423—his
MSS., XIII. 295.
 des Houssayes, VII. 424.
Cotton, VII. 395—bleaching of, IV.
682—dyes worse than silk and wool,
VIII. 298, 301—structure of, 301—
dyeing of, ib.—method of dyeing it
red, VIII. 316 ; yellow, 323 ; blue,
327 ; black, 330 ; green, 334 ; violet,
336; orange, 337 ; mixtures of black.
&c., 338—paper made from, XVII. 8
—its culture in Bengal, IV. 565 ;
Bourbon, V. 151 ; Brazil, 206-7 ;
Egypt, VIII. 525 ; Greece, X. 724,
730; Louisiana, XIII. 571; Mexico,
XIV. 801 ; Asiatic Russia, XIX. 589 ;
the United States, XXI, 463—silk
cotton tree, VII. 707.
Cotton-goods, decline of real and in¬
crease of official value of, VIII. 785
—cause offall in price of, XVIII. 289.
Cotton manufacture, VII. 395—his¬
tory of, X. 554—Arkwright’s improve¬
ments in, III. 568 ; V. 429—of Antrim,
III. 275; Bengal, IV. 567; Dacca, VII.
580 ; Derbyshire, 736; Dublin, VIII.
247 ; Egypt, 525 ; England, 772-5 ;
Germany, X. 489 ; Glasgow, 554 ;
Ireland, XII. 404 ; Lowell, XIV. 304 ;
Manchester, 216, et seq. ; Scotland,
XIX. 768; the United States, XXI.
464—are the British likely to retain
their pre-eminence in it ? VIII. 775.
See Calender, Spinning, Weaving.
Cotton-spinners, diseases of, XIV. 510.
Cotton-trade of Egypt, VIII. 524 —
table of exports of cotton goods from
England, 774.
Cottonian MSS., XIII. 295.
Cottus, fish, XII. 173.
Cotula, or Cotyla, VII. 424.
Coturnix, bird, XVI. 611.
Cotyledons, in botany. III. 72, 74 ; V.
51; XXL 567.
Cotyloid, cavity, II. 767.
Cotys, VII. 424.
Cotytto, VII. 424.
Couch, in painting, VII. 424.
Couchant, in heraldry, VII. 424.
Couche, in heraldry, VII. 424.
Coueron, French town, VII. 424.
Cough, a symptom of various diseases,
XVII. 483, 476—chronic cough in the
domestic animals, XXI. 631.
Coulan, in Hindustan, VII. 424.
Coulomb (Cha. Augustin), VII. 424;
I. 626—on electricity, VIII. 573, 581,
586, 588, 590—his torsion balance,
586—on hydrodynamics, L 610; XII.
INDEX,
45
COU—cow
6, 76—on magnetism, I. 626, 627;
XIII. 690, 705, 710, 718, 724, 757,
758, 763, 764—on mechanics, XIY.
354—on the force of torsion, ib., 401
—on elasticity and cohesion in metals,
402—on friction, 407, et seq.—on
human strength, 426—on the power
of windmills, 434.
Coulommiers, in France, VII. 429.
Coulter (Dr), on California, XIY. 820.
Councii., various kinds of, VII. 429—
ecclesiastical, XI. 489.
Counsel, VII. 430. See Advocate.
Counsellor, VII. 430.
Count, VII. 430. 1
Counter, VII. 431—Counter-Changed
—Flory—Drawing — Foil—Guard —
Light—March—Mine—Paled—Part—
Passant—Pointed—Proof—Quartered
—Salient, ib.—Time, 432.
Counter-ermine, VII. 431; XI. 245.
Counter-point, in music, VII. 431—
double, XV. 638.
Counterpotance of a watch, VI. 786.
Counterscarp, VII. 431; IX. 772.
Countersigning, VII. 432.
Counter-timbers, XX. 277, 283.
Countors, VII. 432.
Country, VII. 432—love of, XV. 477.
Country dance, VII. 432, 615.
County, VII. 432.
Coupar. See Cupar.
Couplet, VII. 432.
  (Mons.), on centres, VI. 282—
his hydraulic experiments, XII. 70—
on the line of traction, XIV. 441.
Courage not identical with prudence, I.
379—observations on, 380—why so
highly esteemed, VIII. 28.
Courant, VII. 432.
Courayer (Peter Francis), VII. 432.
Couriers, VII. 432—ancient, III. 126.
Courland, VII. 433; XVIII. 212.
Courpiere, French city, VII. 433.
Court, VII. 433—Courts of Justice in
England, IX. 29. See France, Scot¬
land, Ireland, &c.
Court-Martial, VII. 433; XV. 67;
XVI. 54.
Courtesy, duty of, XV. 474.
Courtezans, the London theatres in¬
fested by, VIII. 179—of ancient
Athens, XX. 437, 439.
Courthezon, French city, VII. 433.
COURTRAY, VII. 433.
Cousin, VII. 433.
Coutances, in France, VII. 433.
COUTHUTLAUGH, VII. 434.
Coutinho (Vasco Fernandez), V. 189.
• (Francisco Pereira), V. 189.
Coutras, French city, VII. 434.
Covadonga, IV. 112.
Cove, Irish town, VII. 434.
Covelong, VII. 434.
Covenant, in theology, VII. 434—be¬
tween God and man, an improper ex¬
pression, XXI. 214, n.
  , in Scotch ecclesiastical history,
VII. 434 ; V. 316, 325.
 (Solemn League and), VII. 434.
Covenanters (Scotch), V. 349, et seq.
353.
Covent Garden market, XIII. 507—
' theatre, 533 ; XXI. 193-4—buildings
in, XIII. 545.
Coventry, VII. 434—canal, XVI. 11
—manufactures of, XXI. 782.
 (Sir John), VI. 616.
Coverdale (Miles), his Bible, IV. 618.
Covered-way, in fortification, IX. 773.
Coveripank, in India, VII. 434.
Coveriporam, in India, VII. 434.
Covert, VII. 434—way, ib.
Coverture, in law, VII. 434.
Covilham (Peter), II. 52 ; X. 307.
Covin, VII. 434.
Coving, in building, VII. 434.
Covington, in Kentucky, XII. 699.
Covinus, VII. 434.
Cow, XIV. 166—effect of regular milk¬
ing on the productiveness of cows, II.
653—milk of, VI. 498 ; XV. 75. See
Dairy.
cow—CRA
Coward, in heraldry, VII. 434.
Cowbridge, Welsh town, VII. 434.
Cowdee-timber, XXI. 296, 309.
Cowel (Dr John), VII. 435.
Cowes, VII. 435 ; XXI. 882.
Cowl, or Coul, VII. 435.
 Doorg, in Hindustan, VII. 435.
Cowley (Abraham), VII. 435—remarks
on his ode entitled Destiny, I. 270—
poetry of, XVIII. 170.
Cow-pen, bird, XVI. 582.
Cowper (William), VII. 436—his opi¬
nion of Barclay’s Argenis, IV. 376—
poetry of, XVIII. 173.
  (Wm.), anatomist, II. 701—on
the erectile tissue, 725.
Cowper’s glands, II. 825.
 printing-machine, XVIII. 571.
Cow-pox, XXI. 535, 536.
Cowry, bird, XVI. 568.
Cox (Richard), VII. 438.
Cox (Ross), his account of Oregon Terri¬
tory, XVI. 525.
Coxachie, or Cocksackie, VII. 439.
Coxal bones, II. 767.
Coxe’s Island, VII. 438.
Coypel (Anthony), VII. 438.
Cozening, VII. 439.
Coziquiriachi( Santa Rosade), VII. 439.
Cozumel, island, VII. 439.
Crabs, VII. 501.
Crab Island, XXI. 660.
Crab’s eyes, VII. 499.
Crabbe (George), VII. 439.
Crabro, insect, IX. 230.
CrabroniteS, insects, IX. 230.
Cracatoa, island, VII. 440.
Cracow, VII. 440—library of, XIII.
315—republic of, XVIII. 211, 212—
university of, 213—taken by Charles
the Twelfth, XXI. 22.
Cradock (Mr), on ship-building, XX.
243—on fir-timber, XXI. 295-6—his
measurements of merchant-shipping,
330-3.
Craig (John), VII. 440.
 (Sir Thomas), VII. 440 ; V. 631.
Craigleith quarry, VIII. 430.
Crail, in Fifeshire, VII. 443.
Crambus, insect, IX. 252.
Cramer (Dr), on the geometric proper¬
ties of bees’ combs, IV. 526—on mor¬
tality at Geneva, XV. 534.
Crameric acid, VI. 430.
Cramond, Scotch village, VII. 444.
Cramp, XVII. 132—of the stomach,
among animals, XXI. 623.
Cramponee, in heraldry, VII. 444.
Cranage, VII. 444.
Cranberry, culture of, XI. 652.
Cranborne, in Dorsetshire, VII. 444.
Cranbrook, in Kent, VII. 444.
Cranchia, mollusca, XV. 353.
Crane, bird, XVI. 617.
 , in mechanics, XIV. 431—fixed
iron crane, 458—revolving jib, 459.
Cranganore, in India, VII. 444.
Crania, in conchology, XV. 344.
Craniology, XVII. 454.
Cranium. See Skull.
Crank, VII. 444—its use in machinery,
XIV. 446—Watt’s application of it to
steam-engines, XX. 640 — described,
653 — analysis of its action, 654—
combination of two at right angles,
655—analysis of the action of com¬
bined cranks, 656 — effect of the
crank-rod on the crank’s action, ih.—
fallacies concerning it, 666—its prac¬
tical working, 669.
Cranmer (Tho.), VII. 444 ; VIII. 745,
751, 753—his Bible, IV. 618—his de¬
gradation, VII. 678.
Cranny, in glass-making, VII. 449.
Crantara, VII. 449.
Crantor, Greek philosopher, VII. 449.
Craon, French city, VII. 449.
Craonne, battle of, X. 167.
Crape, VII. 449.
Craponne, canal of, XVI. 5.
Crashaw (Richard), VII. 449.
Crasis, VII. 449.
Craspedosoma, in entomology, XV. 653..
CRA—CRE
Crassamentum of blood, VI. 493, 494.
Crassatella, in conchology, XV. 341.
Crassulacese, in botany, V. 112.
Crassus (M. L.), VII. 449; XIX. 395—
his expedition against the Parthians,
XVII. 100, 260.
Cratsegus, species of trees, XVII. 788.
Crater, in astronomy, VII. 449—of vol¬
cano, 450 ; XVII. 512.
Craterus, XIII. 641.
  — Macedo, antiquary, XII. 292.
Crates, Greek philosopher, VII. 450.
Cratinus, comic poet, VII. 450.
Cratippus, philosopher, VII. 450.
Cratistus, geometer, X. 424.
Cratylus, III. 496.
Craufurd (J.), on the origin of the po¬
pulation of the Indian Archipelago,
III. 692—his account of Ava, IV. 240-
9—his embassy to Cochin China, VII.
14; and to Siam, XX. 324—his ac¬
count of the Javanese, XII. 532.
Cravant, VII. 450—centre employed
for the bridge of, VI. 284.
Crawfish, VII. 502.
Crawford (Adair), physician, VII. 450
—on heat, XI. 192.
 (John), VII. 451.
 (Dr Stewart), VII. 451.
Crawfurd (David), his forged Memoirs
of James VI„ XIII. 24.
Crawhall’s rope-machine, XIX. 469.
Crawley (Sir Francis), XXI. 724.
Crawley-spring, near Edinburgh, III.
321; VIII. 427 ; XVII. 527.
Crax, bird, XVI. 605.
Crayer (Caspar de), VII. 451.
Crayon, VII. 451—Painting, ib.
Creadon, bird, XVI. 573.
Cream, VII. 454; VI. 498. See Dairy.
 of tartar, its use in dyeing, VIII.
302.
Great, VII. 454.
Creation, VII. 454 ; XXI. 206—era
of the, VI. 656—possible to omnipo¬
tence, XIV. 697—of a material sys¬
tem probable, ib.
Crebillon (Elias P. J.), character of his
novels, XIX. 354.
 (Prosper Jolyot de), VII. 457.
Credentials, VII. 457.
Credibility, VII. 457.
Credit, VII. 457—bad efiects of long
credits, 170.
Crediton, in Devonshire, VII. 460.
Creditor, VII. 460.
Credulity, VII. 460.
Cree, river, XVI. 182—its navigation,
XVI. 11.
Creech (Thomas), VII. 460.
  (William), XX. 402.
Creed, VII. 460—the Apostles’, III. 292
—Athanasian, IV. 113—creeds reject¬
ed by the Independents, XII. 261—Dr
Taylor on, ih.
 (Tho.), printer, XVIII. 554.
Creek, in geography, X. 407.
Creeks of North America, II. 619.
Creeper, bird, XVI. 588.
Crefeld, in Prussia, VII. 461.
Creighton (Wm.), on the law of the re¬
lation between the temperature and
force of steam, XX. 595.
Crellius (John), VII. 461.
Crema, in Lombardy, VII. 461.
Cremastocheilus, insect, IX. 161.
Cremation, VII. 461.
Cremocarpium, in botany, V. 49.
Cremona, in Lombardy, VII. 461-
school of painting of, XVI. 720.
Crenatula, in conchology, XV. 343.
Crenelle, in heraldry, VII. 461.
Crenilabrus, fish, XII. 195.
Crenophylax, VII. 461.
Creoceris, insect, IX. 181.
Creodiba, VII. 461.
Creoles, VII. 461—of Mexico, XIV.
809. See Bolivia, &c.
Creon, VII. 461.
Creones, VI. 2.
Crepance, VII. 461.
Crepid*, VII. 461.
Crepidula, in conchology, XV. 349,364.
CRE—CRO
Crepundia, VII. 462.
Crepuscularia, insects, IX. 243.
Crepusculum, VII. 462.
Cres, VII. 463.
Crescent, VII. 462—Island, ib.
Crescentino, Italian town, VII. 462.
Crescimbeni (John M.), VII. 462.
Cress, culture of, XI. 675.
Cressy, French town, VII. 462—battle
of, VI. 606; VIII. 728 ; X. 17-
archers at battle of. III. 398.
Crest, in armoury, VII. 462.
Crests, in heraldry, VII. 463 ; XI. 258.
Cretaceous system, in geology, XV. 207.
Crete, VII. 463; X. 746, 748—castes
in, VI. 221—Dactyli Idan, VII. 582.
See Candia.
Cretio, VII. 466.
Creux, in sculpture, VII. 466.
Creusa, VII. 467.
Creuse, in France, VII. 467.
Crevier (J. B. L.), VII. 467.
Crewkerne, in Somerset, VII. 467.
Crex, bird, XVI. 627.
Crib, VII. 467—crib-biting, a disease of
horses, XXI. 623.
Cricelasia, VII. 467.
Cricetus, in zoology, XIV. 134.
Crichton (George), VII. 469, n.
 (James), VII. 467.
 (Mr), on the pyrometer, XVIII.
753.
 Church and Castle, XVII. 120.
Cricket, game of, XI. 96.
 , insect, IX. 191.
Cricklade, in Wiltshire, VII. 471.
Cricoid cartilage, II. 805.
Crieff, in Perthshire, XVII. 291.
Crim Tartars, VII. 471. See Crimea.
Crime,Beccaria on,IV. 503—punishment
of, XII. 640; XIV. 512; in China,
VI. 555—prevention of, XVIII. 248
—prisons, 574—benefit of clergy, VI.
739—penal colonies, VII. 116—par¬
don, XVII. 68—crime in England and
Wales, VIII. 801-3; France, X. 218 ;
Glasgow, X. 541; India, XI. 451 ;
Ireland, XII. 423; London, XIII. 529 ;
Manchester, XIV. 227 ; the Papal
States, XIX. 438 ; Scotland, XIX. 760;
Spain, XX. 522. See Criminal, Par¬
don, Police, Prisons, Punishments.
Crimea, or Crim Tartary, VII. 471 ;
XIX. 569—coasts of, IV. 661.
Criminal law of England, IX. 29, 33—
Sir James Mackintosh’s hills for its
improvement, V. 554, 559 — acts
passed, 559. See Crime.
Crimping of fish, IX. 726.
Crimson, mode of dyeing wool, VIII.
314 ; and cotton, 319.
Crinan Canal, XVI. 11.
Crinoidea, zoophytes, XXI. 1012.
Criocerides, insects, IX. 181.
Crispe (Sir Nicholas), XXI. 724.
Crispin and Crispianus, VII. 473.
Crithomancy, VII. 473.
Critias, VII. 473; IV. 160 ; XX. 449.
Criticism, VII. 473.
Crito, Athenian philosopher, VII. 473
—friendship between him and Socra¬
tes, XX. 438, 445, 459,460.
Critolaus of Tegea, VII. 473.
Croatia, VII. 473; IV. 225.
Crocisa, insect, IX., 234.
Crocodile, XIX. 133—bones of its head,
III. 14.—its power of resisting star¬
vation, 167—lethargy or summer sleep
of, 168—its structure, XVII. 713.
Crocodilopolis, VIII. 545.
Croconic acid, VI. 429.
Criesus, VII. 474 ; XL 472 ; XIII. 608.
Cromers, religious order, VII. 475.
Croises, pilgrims, VII. 475.
Croix (F. P. de la), VII. 475.
Crollius (Oswald), VI. 347.
Cromarty, VII. 475 ; XIX. 483—Firth
of, VII. 476 ; XIX. 483 —fishery,
487; IX. 601.
Cromer, town in Norfolk, 476.
 (Archbishop), XII. 362.
Cromford Canal, XVI. 11.
Cromlech, VII. 476 ; III. 407
46
INDEX,
CRO—CRU
Crompton (Samuel), X. 555—his mule-
jenny, VII. 402; XX. 537.
Cromwell (Henry), his government of
Ireland, XII. 373.
 (Olivek), VII. 476; V. 162, 315,
325, et seq.—invested with the su¬
preme command, 330—his military
exploits in Ireland, 334 ; XII. 371;
and in Scotland, V. 335—defeats the
king at Worcester, 336—dissolves the
Long Parliament, 337 —is declared
Protector, 338—his death, 339—cha¬
racter, ib.; XV. 100,ra.—indignities
to his remains, V. 342—weight of his
brain, II. 807—his agricultural im¬
provements, XVI. 120 — his navy,
XVI. 41 ; XX. 224.
 (Richard), VII. 479 ; V. 340.
 (Tho.) VII. 476 ; VIII. 747, 749.
Cronhelm (F. W.), his work on book¬
keeping, IV. 791.
Cronics, in chronology, VII. 479.
Oronoberg, VII. 479.
Cronstadt, VII. 479, 480 ; IV. 330 ;
XVII. 316.
Crop of birds, III. 36.
 of insects, IX. 85.
Crops, different kinds of, II. 279—suc¬
cession of, 297.
Crosier, or Crozier, VII. 480.
Croslet, in heraldry, VII. 480.
Cross, VII. 480—perspective of, XVII.
281—Invention of the, VII. 481—Ex¬
altation of the, ib.—Pectoral, ib.—
Order of the, ib.—Maids of the, ib.—
St George’s, ib.
 , in heraldry, VII. 481; XI. 250.
Cross-bearer, VII. 481.
Cross-bill, bird, XVI. 581.
Cross-bow, V. 155.
Cross-stone, XV. 151.
Crosse (Andrew), on the electricity of
the air, VIII. 615—his electro-chemi¬
cal researches, XXI. 680.
Crossing of species, HI. 161—of breeds
of dogs, XX. 310.
Crotaeum, VII. 481.
Crotalus, serpent, XX. 151.
CROTALYSTRI.E, VII. 482.
Crotchet, VII. 483.
Croto or Crotona, VII. 483 ; XV. 699
—Academy of Antiquities at, II. 75.
Crotonie acid, VI. 430.
Crotophaga, birds, XVI. 599.
Crouch river navigation, XVI. 11.
Crocsaz (J. P. de), VII. 482—influence
of Locke’s doctrine on, I. 106—his
principles mistaken by Pope and War-
burton, ib.—Gibbon’s estimate of his
talents, ib.—on beauty, IV. 485.
Crow, bald, XVI. 569 ; carriou, 584 ;
hooded, ib.; red-legged, 591—instance
of reasoning in one, XII. 299, n.
 , in mechanics, VII. 482.
Crow’s bill, VII. 482.
  FEET, VII. 482; IX. 786.
Crowgarth, iron mine at, VII. 537.
Crowland, VII. 482; XIII. 353.
Crowle, in Lincolnshire, VII. 482.
Crown, VII. 483—in heraldry, XI. 256.
Crown-glass, X. 566.
Crown-wheel of a clock, VI. 768.
Crowne (John), VII. 483.
Growth, VII. 504.
Croxal (Samuel), VII. 483.
Croy, or Crouy, island, VII. 483.
Croydon, in Surrey, VII. 483—canal
XVI. 11; XX. 847.
 , in Indiana, XII. 266.
Crozier, or Crosier, VII. 480.
Cruces, town, XVI. 784.
Cruciferse, in botany, V. 97.
Crucifix, VII. 483.
Crucifixion, VII. 483, 480.
Cruciform, VII. 483.
Cruelty to animals, III. 165.
Cruikshank on the lymphatic vessels,
II. 703, 729, 730.
Cruikshanks (Mr), of Woolwich, his gal¬
vanic battery, XXI. 666.
Crum (Walter), on bleaching-powder,
IV. 686—on indigo, VIII. 325.
Cruppan, a disease of cattle, VIII. 113.
CRU—-CUD
Crusades, VII. 484 ; VI. 595; VII.
286 ; VIII. 479, et seq. 719 ; XI.
482; XVI. 755, et seq.—licentious
morals introduced by the, VI. 600
their influence on geography, X.
397—their effects in Italy, XII. 472.
Crusaders, Gothic architecture probably
introduced by them from the East,
III. 420—their armies, 595 their
operations in Egypt, VIII. 479, et seq.
—their wars with Saladin, 481, et seq.
—were the first Europeans who saw
Negroes, XX. 383—probably intro¬
duced sugar into Europe, 791.
Crusca, VII. 496.
Crushes in collieries, VII. 80.
Crustacea, VII. 497; XVII. 587—
distinguished from arachnides, III.
347—structure of, XVII. 720.
Crutches, in shipbuilding, XX. 284.
Cruth, or Growth, VII. 504.
Cruveilhier (M.), on latent cerebral dis¬
ease, XVII. 478—on aneurism, 482.
Cruz (La), on the hydrography of La
Plata, XVIII. 5.
Cruzado, VII. 504.
Cryolite, a mineral, VII. 504 ; XV.
140—specific gravity of, XII. 28.
Cryophorus, VII. 504 ; XI. 191.
Crypta, VII. 505.
Crypticus, insect, IX. 164.
Cryptocephalus, insect, IX. 183.
Cryptocerus, insect, IX. 228.
Cryptogamia, VII. 505.
Cryptogamous plants, V. 53.
Cryptography, VII. 505.
Cryptonyx, bird, XVI. 611.
Cryptopoda, Crustacea, VII. 501.
Cryptops, insect, XV. 655.
Cryptusa, insects, IX. 228.
Crystal, or flint-glass, X. 577.
Crystals, VII. 505—of ice, XII. 140—
their property of dividing rays of
light, XIII. 332—double refraction
of, XVI. 359, 368, 453, et seq.; XVIII.
225, 241—refraction of Iceland crys¬
tal, XIV. 70.
Crystalline, VII. 505—heavens, ib.
  lens of the eye, II. 799 ; XVI.
368—in various animals, III. 22—
specific gravity of, XII. 28—fibrous
structure of, XV. 56.
Crystallization, VII. 505 —system
and series of, XV. 122.
Crystallography, XV. 112, et seq.
Cshatriyas, caste, VI. 224 ; XL 402.
Ctenicer, insect, IX. 140.
Ctenistes, insect, IX. 187.
Ctenodes, insects, IX. 178.
Ctenophora, insects, IX. 261.
Ctenus, genus of arachnides, III. 362.
Ctesias, Greek physician, VII. 524—his
skill in surgery, XX. 822.
Ctesibius, VII. 524—hydrodynamical
inventions of, XII. 1. 96, 108—his
pump, XVIII. 707.
Ctesiphon, architect, VII. 524.
Cub, VII. 524.
Cuba, VH. 524—French trade with, X.
191—weights and measures of, XXI.
852.
Cube, VII. 527 ; X. 460—duplication of
the, XIV. 314—perspective of, XVII.
278.
Cube iron-ore and spar, specific gravity
of, XII. 28.
Cube-root, VII. 527—extraction of the,
III. 566—its extraction discovered by
the Arabians, I. 583.
Cubic equations, II. 454.
Cubit, VII. 527; VIII. 509.
 , bone, II. 787.
Cuchullin hills, in Skye, XX. 380.
Cucking-stool, VII. 527.
Cuckoo, XVI 597.
Cucujus, insect, IX. 177.
Cucullsea, in conchology, XV. 343.
Cucullanus, zoophyte, XXI. 998.
Cuculus, bird, XVI. 597.
Cucumber, culture of the, XI. 666.
Cucurbit, VII. 527.
Cucurbitace®, in botany, V. 110.
Cudbear, VI. 484 ; VIII. 309, 310.
CUD—CUN
CUDDALORE, VII. 527.
Cuddapah, or Curpa, VII. 527.
Cuddy, VII. 527.
Cudworth (Ralph), VII. 527—on moral
distinctions, I. 20—was the first suc¬
cessful antagonist of Hobbes, 43—on
perception, ib.—influence of his prin¬
ciples on theories of morals, 44—his
Intellectual System, ib., 325—his un¬
published MSS., 192—his Treatise on
Eternal and Immutable Morality, 326
on angels, III. 295, n.—on matter,
XIV. 645, n.—on the substance of
mind, 675, 678—on atheism, 693—on
creation, 698—on the story of Fan’s
death, XVI. 781—on the Lord’s Sup¬
per, XX. 818—his superstition, 813.
Cuenca, VII. 528 ; XVIII. 798.
Cuenza, or Bamba, VII. 528.
Cuerenhert (Theodore Van), VII. 528.
Cuerpo, VII. 529.
Cufa, VII. 529.
Cuff (Henry), VII. 529.
Cuirass and Cuirassiers, VII. 529.
Cujas, or Cujacius (James), civilian,
VII. 529—his editions of the Theodo-
sian Code, VI. 715—Fabrot’s edition
of his works, IX. 474.
Culdees, VII. 532; XIX. 704.
Culeus, Roman measure, VII. 532.
Culex, insect, IX. 258.
Culican, a Mexican town, XIV. 818.
Cullen, town in Banffshire, VII. 532.
  (Dr William), VII. 532—on
chemistry, IV. 655; VI. 349—Brown’s
opposition to his medical doctrines,
V. 598—on Stahl’s system of medi¬
cine, XX. 559.
Cullera, Spanish city, VII. 535.
Culley (Mr), on the culture of rape, II.
290—on live-stock, 316, et seq.
Culloden, in Inverness-shire, VII. 535;
XII. 336—battle of, V. 382.
Culm, VII. 535, 80 ; V. 33.
Culmiferous plants, VII. 535.
Culmination, VII. 535.
Culna, town in Bengal, VII. 535.
Culpee, town in Bengal, VII. 535,
Culross, Scotch town, VII. 535.
Cultrirostres, birds, XVI. 617.
Culverin, VII. 535.
Culvertailed, VII. 535.
Cum,®, ancient Italian city, VII. 535 ;
XV. 709—sibyl of, XX. 328.
Cumana, in Colombia, VII. 535.
Cumanus (Marcellus), on the venereal
disease, XX. 828, n. 3.
Cumberland, VII. 536—its annexation
to Scotlapd, XIX. 699.
 , a town in Maryland, VII. 538 ;
XIV. 273.
—  , a river in the United States of
America, VII. 538; XXL 182.
  (Richard), bishop of Peterbo¬
rough, VII. 538—his work De Legibus
Natural, 1.46, 323—the only professed
answerer of Hobbes, 323—his ethical
doctrines, 324.
 (Richard), dramatist, VII. 541
—his comedies, VIII. 176—his novels,
XIX. 341.
—   (William, Duke of), his proceed¬
ings in Flanders and Scotland, V.
381-3, 385—his death, 391.
Cumbray Islands, V. 752; VII. 544.
Cumbrian rocks, XV. 191.
Cumino, XIV. 63.
Citmly, in Hindustan, VII. 544.
Gumming (Professor), on thermo-elec¬
tric rotations, XXI. 699.
 (Mr), his scapement, VI. 774 
his Elements of Clock Work, 775—0n
wheel-carriages, XIV. 440.
Cumulo-stratus, cloud, XVII. 534.
Cumulus, cloud, XVII. 534.
Cundapoor, VII. 544.
Cundinamarca, VII. 544.
Cundwah, in Hindustan, VII. 544.
Cuneiform, VII. 544—bones, II. 791—
cartilages, 805.
Cuneus, VII. 544.
Cunina, goddess, VII. 544.
Cunio, block-printing by, XVIII. 539. I
CUN—CUK
Cunitz, or Cunitia (Maria), VII. 544.
Cunning distinguished from discretion,
VIII. 41.
Cunningham (Alex.), civilian, VII. 544.
 (Alex.), historian, VII. 548.
 , district of, IV. 259.
Cunocephali, VII. 549.
Cunodontes, VII. 549.
Cunonie®, in botany, V. 113.
Cupar and Cupar-Angus, VII. 549.
Cuphic letters, XVII. 371.
Cupica bay, XVI. 787.
Cupid, VII. 549.
Cupola, in architecture, VII. 549 ; III
466. See Dome.
Cuppertool, in Hindustan, VII. 549.
Cupping, VII. 550. See Bloodletting.
Cupulifer®, in botany, V. 131.
Curacao, island, VII. 550.
Curassoes, birds, XVI. 605.
Curate, VII. 550 ; VIII. 788.
Curator, VII. 550.
Curb, VII. 550—in building, V. 676—
in veterinary science, XXI. 617.
Curcas, VII. 550.
Curculio, insect, IX. 173.
Curculionites, insects, IX. 172.
Curd, VI. 498—curdling, VII. 550.
Curetes, VII. 550, 381, 463, 573, 582.
Curfew, VII. 550—bell, ib.
Curia, VII. 551.
Curiatii, three brothers of Alba, VII.
551; XIX. 363.
Curimata, fish, XII. 212.
Curio, VII. 551; XVI. 309 ; XIX. 396.
Curiosity, VIII. 55.
Curiosus, VII. 551.
Curisch-Haf, lake, IV. 329 ; XVIII. 691.
Curlew, bird, XVI. 622.
Cur 11, XVIII. 401, 402.
Curmi, ancient liquor, VII. 551.
Curnock, a measure, VII. 551.
Curr’s patent ropes, XIX. 465, 467.
Currah, in Hindustan, VII. 551.
Curran (John Philpot), VII. 551.
Currants, VII. 552—culture of, XI. 650 ;
in Greece, X. 727, 731; in the Ionian
Islands, XII. 342.
Currency—suppression of small notes in
1826, V. 565—its state in Locke’s
time, XIII. 414—bad effects of alte¬
rations on its value, XV. 401; XVIII.
266 — of Ava, IV. 245—Brazil, V.
209—Buenos Ayres, 652—France, X.
193—Ireland, XII. 410—the West In¬
dies, 504—Madras, XIII. 673—Mexi¬
co, XIV. 803 ; XV. 263—Peru, 263—
Prussia, XVIII. 700—Russia, XIX.
574—New South Wales, XXI. 721.
See Coin, Coinage, Commerce, Credit,
Exchange, Money, Paper-money.
Currents of the ocean, VII. 552 ; XVII.
516—arctic, XVIII. 222.
Curriculus, VII. 552.
Currie (Dr James), VII. 552 V. 601
—on bathing, IV. 443, et se?.—his
Letter to Mr Pitt, VI. 311.
Curriers, \II. 556. See Currving.
CURRODREPANUS, VII. 556.
Curruca, bird, XVI. 576.
Currying of leather, VII. 556.
Cursitor, VII. 557.
Cursoria, insects, IX. 189.
Cursorius, bird, XVI. 617.
Curt (Monsieur), V. 215.
Curtain, in fortification, VII. 557.
Curtis, his botanical labours, V. 84.
 (Dr), his letter to D. of Welling¬
ton on Catholic emancipation, V. 575.
Curtius (Marcus), VII. 557.
  (Quintus), VII. 557—his ac¬
count of the Amazons, II. 589.
CURULE CHAIR, VII. 557.
Curumah, in Hindustan, VII. 557
Curutiba, XVII. 161.
Curvature of a line, VII. 557 of the
conic sections, 254.
Curves, VII. 557—transcendental, ib.
—geometrical and algebraic, ib.; II.
483—mathematical, XIV. 319, etseq.
—caustic, VI. 252; XVI. 400—evo¬
lution and involution of, VIII. 382 
curve of equable approach, VII. 557
INDEX,
47
CUR—CYA
— of the quickest descent, XIV.
383.
Curved motion, VIII. 379, et seq,
Curwen (Mr), on the effect of the cottage-
system in Ireland, VII. 390.
Curypum, in Hindustan, VII. 557.
Cbezola, island, VII. 557.
Cusa (Nicholas de), VII. 557—on geo¬
metry, X. 429—on the squaring of
the circle, XX. 553.
Ccsco, VII. 557 ; XVII. 294, 305.
Cuscuta, in botany, V. 65.
Cush, VII. 557.
Cushat, bird, XVI. 613.
Cushim, XVII. 374.
Cushion, VII. 558.
Cushites, XVII. 358.
Cusp, VII. 558—in astrology, ib.—in
architecture, III. 466.
Cuspinian (John), VII. 558.
Custom, VII. 558—its influence in
China, VI. 585—its eft', cts on the
senses, XX. 97. See Halit.
Custom-duties, VII. 562 ; XXI. 115.
Custom-house, VII. 562—fallacy of
custom-house returns, VII. 161, 163.
Custos Brevium — Rotulorum — Spi-
ritualium—Temporalium, VII. 562.
Cutaki, in Hindustan, VII. 562.
Cutbush’s electrical lamp, VIII. 661.
Cutch, in Hindustan, VII. 562—its
trade with Sinde, XX. 363.
Cuth, or Cuthah, VII. 565.
Cuthbert’s microscope, XV. 42.
Cuthbertson (Mr), his electrical appara¬
tus for oxidating metals, VIII. 627—
his experiments with it, 628—his
electrical kites, 646—his electrical
condenser, 651—his balance-electro¬
meter, 657—his air-pump, XVIII. 90.
Cuticle of the skin, II. 750 ; VII. 190;
XVII. 606—of mucous membrane,
II. 752—of plants. III. 65.
Cutis, XVII. 606.
Cutlers, diseases of, XIV. 510.
Cutlery, VII. 565—of Sheffield, XX.
195—grinding of, X. 777. See Steel.
Cutlu-Moses, VII. 283.
Cuttack, in Hindustan, VII. 568.
Cutter, VII. 568 ; IV. 722.
Cutterah, in Hindustan, VII. 568.
Cutting, VII. 568.
Cutting’s rope-machine, XIX. 467.
Cuttings, VII. 568—propagation of
fruit by, XI. 635.
Cuttle-fish, XV. 352 ; XVII. 719.
Cutts (John, Lord), VII. 568.
Cuvette, in fortification, VII. 568.
Cuvier (Baron), VII. 568—on Bonnet’s
definition of moral liberty, I. 268—
his method of estimating the relative
proportions of the skull and face, III.
7—his work on Fossil Bones, 40
—on the differences between plants
and animals, 157—on the harmony of
organs in animals, 159—on the clas¬
sification of animals, ib. 161, 162,
170, 179; XVII. 586 ; of the arach-
nides. III. 347 ; of animal functions,
XVII. 590 ; of zoophytes, XXI. 998
—on the descent of all animals from
progenitors, III. 102—on the infusoria,
< 181—on the great scientific utility of
glass, 185—on the character of Mr
Cavendish, VI. 264, 265 ; and of Ray,
XIV. 77—on fishes, XII. 151—on the
mammalia, XIV. 79—on the varieties
of the human species, 199—on the
mollusca, XV. 332—on birds, XVI.
549, 150—his merits as a zoologist,
ib. — on Pliny’s Natural History,
XVIII. 58—on serpents, XX. 122.
Cuyaba, XIV. 326.
Cuyahoga river, XVI. 326.
Cuyp, XVI. 722.
Cuzco, VII. 577; XVII. 294, 305.
Cyami, Crustacea, VII. 502.
Cyanates, VI. 456.
Cyanic acid, VI. 433.
Cyanite, specific gravity of, XII. 28.
Cyanodides, VI. 456.
Cyanogen, VI. 372.
■ acids, VI. 432,
g
CYA—CYP
Cyanogen acid salts, VI. 456.
Cyanometer, VII. 572 : XIV. 740 ;
XVII. 530.
Cyanurates, VI. 456.
Cyanuric acid, VI. 433.
Cyathus, Greek measure, VII. 572.
Cyaxares, VII. 572 ; XIV. 489.
Cybebe, VII. 572.
Cybele, VII. 573.
Cybellicum marmor, VII. 573.
Cybium, fish, XII. 183.
Cycadeae, in botany, V. 131.
Cycas, in botany, V. 69.
Cyceon, VII. 573.
Cychla, fish, XII. 196.
Cychrus, insect, IX. 120.
Cycinnis, Greek dance, VII. 573.
Cyclades, islands, VII. 573.
Cyclas, in conchology, XV. 341.
Cycle, VII. 573—of Indi«tion,ib.; VI.
9—Metonic, VII. 573; III. 728; VI.
7—solar, 8 ; VII. 573—lunar, ib. ;
VI. 9—Druidical, VIII. 206—cycles
of weather, XIV. 718.
Cyclica, insects, IX. 182.
Cyclidium, animalcules, III. 188.
Cycloid, VII. 573;1.439—its properties,
XIV. 317, 318, 384. See Geometry.
Cyclomus, insect, IX. 173.
Cyclopaean architecture, HI. 418.
Cyclopaedia, VII. 573 ; VIII. 698.
Cyclops, VII. 573—quadricornis, 503.
Cyclopterus, fish, XII. 221.
Cyclosis, XXI. 573.
Cyclostoma, mollusca, XV. 347, 357.
Cyclostomi, in ichthyology, XII. 236.
Cyclostylar, in architecture. III. 4 66.
Cyder. See Cider.
Cydias, painter, VII. 574.
Cydippe, zoophyte, XXI. 1019.
Cydnus, river, VII. 574.
Cydonia, VII. 574.
Cygnus, VII. 574; XVI. 635.
Cylas, insect, IX. 172.
Cylinder, in geometry, VII. 574 ; X.
465—development of, 419 ; XII. 608.
Cylinders, boring of, V. 4—mensuration
of, XIV. 572—the forces employed in
breaking two, are as the squares of
the diameters, XX. 778—of steam-
engines, 617, etseq. 695.
Cylindroid, VII. 574.
Cyllenia, insects, IX. 268.
Cylon, his conspiracy at Athens, IV. 144.
Cyma, VII. 574 ; III. 442, 450, 466.
Cymbal, musical instrument, VII. 574.
Cymbirhynchus, bird, XVI. 577.
Cymbulia, mollusca, XV. 355.
Cyme, in botany, V. 41.
Cymene, in botany, VII. 574.
Cymindis, bird, XVI. 563.
Cymophane, specific gravity of, XII. 28.
Cymothoada, Crustacea, VII. 502.
Cyn^girus, VII. 574.
Cynanche, a disease, VII. 574.
Cynara Cardunculus, V. 640.
Cynarrhodon, in botany, V. 48.
Cyneus of Thessaly, VII. 574.
Cynics, VII. 574 ; XVII. 431.
Cynips, insect, IX. 226,
Cynocephala, battle of, XXI. 197.
Cynocephali, VII. 549.
Cynocephalus, in zoology, XIV. 93.
Cynodontis, VII. 549.
Cynophontis, festival, VII. 575.
Cynopolis, III. 276-7.
Cynorexy, disease, VII. 575.
Cynosarges, in ancient Athens, VII.
575; IV. 125.
Cynoscephale, VII. 575.
Cynosura, VII. 575.
Cynthia, goddess, VII. 575 ; IX. 242.
 , molluscum, XV. 368.
Cynthius, VII. 575.
Cyperacese, in botany, V. 137.
Cyphon and Cyphonism, VII. 575.
Cyprxa, in conchology, XV. 346.
Cypreadas, mollusca, XV. 364.
Cypress, XVII. 786—sp. gr. of, XII. 28.
Cyprianus (Thascius Caecilius), bishop
of Carthage, VII. 575.
I Cyprinidse, in ichthyology, XII. 197.
i Cyprinodon, fish, XII. 199.
CYP—DAI
Cyprinus, XII. 197—angling for differ¬
ent "kinds of, III. 146-7.
Cyprus, VII. 576; VIII. 472.
Cypselus, bird, XVI. 578.
Cyrano (Bergerac), VII. 576.
Cyrenaica, in Africa, VII. 576.
Cyrenaics, VII. 577 ; XVII. 431.
Cyrene, VII. 577 ; II. 236 ; VIII. 467,
472—dispute with Carthage, VI. 184.
Cyril (St), patriarch of Alexandria,
VII. 577—alphabet of, II. 548.
Cyrillus Lucaris, his account of the
Alexandrian MS., II. 414.
Cyrtandraceae, in botany, V. 121, n.
Cyrtoma, insects, IX. 276.
Cyrtostyle, in architecture, III. 466.
Cyrtus, insect, IX. 270.
Cyrus, VII. 577 ; XVII. 259; XI. 472
—his military achievements, III. 582
-—capture of Babylon by, IV. 270—
his treatment of Croesus, VII. 474—
his war against the Lydians, XIII. 609.
 the Second, VII. 578.
Cystic arteries and veins, VII. 579.
Cystica, zoophytes, XXI. 995.
Cysticercus, zoophyte, XXI. 995.
Cythera, XII. 341.
Cyther^a, VII. 579.
 , molluscum, XV. 342.
Cytinese, in botany, V. 128.
Cyxii, insects, IX. 203.
Cyzicens, VII. 579.
Cyzicum, or Cyzicus, VII. 579.
Czar, VII. 579.
Czarnikau, VII. 579.
Czaslau, in Bohemia, VII. 579.
Czernowitz, VII. 579.
Czortkow, VII. 579.
D
D, letter of the alphabet, VII. 580.
Dab, fish, XII. 220.
Daber, Prussian town, VII. 580.
Dabringshausen, VII. 580.
Dabul, Hindu town, VII. 580.
Dacca Jelalpore, VII. 580—muslin-
manufacture of, IV. 567 ; VII. 396.
Dace, angling for, III. 147.
Dacelo, bird, XVI. 593.
Dachau, in Bavaria, VII. 581.
Dacia, VII. 581.
Dacians, their wars with the Romans,
XIX. 406, 407.
Dacier (Andrew), VII. 581.
 (Anne Lefevre), VII. 582.
Dacne, insect, IX. 149.
Dacnis, bird, XVI. 583.
Dacotas, II. 617—their belief as to a
future state, II. 620.
Dactyl, VII. 582.
Dactylethra, reptile, XIX. 155.
Dactyli Ip.Ei, VII. 582, 463.
Dactylic, VII. 582—verses, ib.
Dactyliomancy, VII. 583.
Dactylopterus, fish, XII. 173.
Dactylus, VII. 583.
Dacus, insect, IX. 289.
Dado, in architecture, HI. 466.
Daduchi, VII. 583.
D.kdala, in Lycia, VII. 583.
D^dalus, VII. 583, 464.
Daemon, VII. 583—of Socrates, XX. 456
—origin of worship of damions, XVIII.
333.
Demoniac, VII. 584 ; XIV. 9.
Daendels (General), IV. 438.
Dafila, bird, XVI. 638.
Dagelet’s Island, VII. 586.
Daghestan, in Asia, VII. 586.
Dago, island in the Baltic, VII. 587.
Dagobert, X. 6.
Dagon, VII. 587, 696 ; XVII. 352.
Dahalak, island, VII. 587.
Daher (Sheikh), VIII. 486 ; XXL 64.
Dahhi, Arabian village, VII. 587.
Dahlia, culture of, XL 683.
Dahlin, VI. 476.
Dahomey, African kingdom, VII. 587.
Daiile (Monsieur), his edition of “ Sca-
ligerana,’’ II. 675.
DAI—DAM
Daille (John), VII. 588.
Dair el Kamar, in Syria, VII. 588.
Dairi, Japanese pontiff, VII. 588.
Dairy, VII. 588—dairiesin Cambridge¬
shire, VI. 34—Cheshire, 510—Ireland,
XII. 407—Lanarkshire, XIII. 50—
Lombardy, 475—Somersetshire, XX.
475. See Butter, Cheese, Milk.
Dakir, VII. 594.
Dalaca, island, VII. 594.
Dalapiri, island, VII. 594.
Dalby (Mr), employed on the ordnance
survey, XXI. 354.
Dalechamp (James), VII. 594.
D’Alembert. See Alembert.
Dalgarno(G orge), VII. 594—profound
remark of, I. 248—his works, 284.
Dalibard on the electrical nature of
lightning, VIII. 618.
Dalkeith, Scotch town, VII. 594.
Dalkey, island, VIII. 235.
Dalmatia, VII. 595; IV. 228.
Dalmatian alphabet, II. 548.
Dalmow, Hindu town, VII. 605.
Dalriads, V. 296.
Dalrymple (Alex.), VII. 296 —on the
supposed southern continent, IV.
204.
 (Sir David), Lord Hailes, VII.
601, 600—on the Scottish character
for swearing, VIII. 273.
 (Sir Hugh), VII. 600.
 (James), Lord Stair, VII. 595—
on the reception of the doctrines of
Spinoza and Hobbes, I. 105—his Phy-
siologioe Nova Experimentalise 285.
 (Sir James), VII. 600.
 (Sir John), VII. 599, 600.
 (Thomas), M.D., VII. 600.
Dalton, in Lancashire, VII. 605.
 (John), D.D., VII. 605.
   (Dr), XIV. 227—on the carbonic
acid of the atmosphere, IV. 135 —
on aurora borealis, 198—his atomic
theory, VI. 352, et seq.—his chemical
labours, ib.—on evaporation, IX. 426,
et seq.—on heat, XI. 188, et seq.—on
the mercurial thermometer, XII. 116
—on the mutual repulsion of particles
of the air, 120—on magnetism, XIII.
696, 698, 740, 754—on the atmos¬
phere, XVII. 532, 533—on the ca¬
pacity of steam for caloric, and ebulli¬
tion in vacuo, XX. 573—his experi¬
ments on the elastic force of steam,
583—on the law which connects that
force with the temperature, 592, 596
—on the specific gravity, generation,
and density of steam, 602, 603.
Dalziel, family of, XI. 246.
 (General), V. 349.
Dam, VII. 605.
Daman, in zoology, XIV. 151.
Damar, Arabian town, VII. 605.
Damascenus (John), VII. 605.
Damascius, philosopher, VII. 605.
Damascus, VII. 605—sword-blades of,
VII. 565—taken by All Bey, VIII.
486—gun barrels of, XI. 36.
Damask, VII. 608. See Design.
Damaskeening, VII. 608.
Damaun, in Hindustan, VII. 608.
Dambach, French town, VII. 608.
Damelopre, VII. 608.
Damgan, Persian town, VII. 608.
Damianists, religious sect, VII. 608.
Damiano (St), Italian town, VII. 608.
Damiens (Robert Frangois), VII. 608.
Damietta, VII. 609 ; II. 230.
Damman (Adrian), VII. 545.
Dammartin, French town, VII. 609.
Damme, German town, VII. 609.
Damnii, VII. 609; VI. 1.
Damocedes’ surgical school, XX. 821.
Damocles, VII. 609.
Damon, philosopher, VII. 609.
Damp. See Damps.
Dampier (Wm.), VII. 610—his dis¬
coveries in New Holland, IV. 205,
206—his account of the natives, 208
—his visit to Papua, 211; New Bri¬
tain, 212; the Bashee Islands, 425 ;
and the Ladrone Islands, XVIII. 317
48
INDEX,
DAM—DAR
—on the bread-fruit, Y. 211—on the
sea and land breezes, XIV. 745.
Dampier’s patent balance, XXI. 378.
Dampier’s Straits, VII. 611.
Dampierre (General), X. 78, et seq.
Dampness, its effects on the weights
and dimensions of bodies, XII. 111.
Damps in mines, VII. 611, 80, 641.
Damsel, VII. 612.
Damsong, in Hindustan, V1T. 612.
Dan, VII. 612.
Danae, VII. 612.
Danaide (Deetot’s), XII. 107.
Danaides, VII. 612.
Danais, insect, IX. 241.
Danaus, VII. 612.
Danby (Lord Treasurer), V. 348.
Dancali, in Africa, VII. 612.
Dancing, VII. 613—French Academy
of, II. 75—muscles employed in, 797
—unknown in China, VI. 586—much
cultivated by the Cretans and Lace¬
demonians, VII. 465—on ropes, 615 5
XIV. 380—dancing girls, VII. 615;
of Egypt, II. 533 ; VIII. 529.
Dandalo (Count), his experiments on
silk-worms, XIII. 479.
Dandar, in Hindustan, VII. 616.
Dandini (Pietro), painter, VII. 616.
Dane river, VI. 509.
Danegelt, a tax, VII. 616.
Danes, character of the, VII. 728—Al¬
fred’s wars with the, II. 418—their
magical standard, ib. n. 1—massacre
of, VIII. 706-—England conquered by,
ib.—their invasions of England, Vlli.
702, et seq. 712 ; France, X. 4, et seq.;
the Hebrides, XI. 202 ; Ireland, XII.
353 ; Scotland, XIX. 699 ; and Britain,
XX. 213—had a settlement at Water¬
ford, XXI. 809, 812. See Normans.
Danet (Peter), abbot, VII. 616.
Danforth’s throstle, VII. 402 ; X. 556.
Daniel the prophet, VII. 616.
 (Gabriel), VII. 617.
 (Samuel), poet, VII. 616.
 (Capt.), voyage of, XVIII. 219.
Daniel! (Prof.), on evaporation, IX. 426,
430, 432—his hygrometer, XII. 122
■—on specific gravity of mixture of
air and vapour, 131—his pyrometer,
XVIII. 750-—his voltaic batteries,
XXL 699—on electro-magnetism, 685.
Danilow, in Russia, VII. 617.
Danmonii, VII. 617.
Danneker, XX. 9.
Dannemora, mine of, VI. 750.
Dante (Alighieri), VII. 617 — Bocea-
cia’s commentary on, IV. 724—com¬
pared with Milton, XV. 104—poetry
of, XVIII. 158.
Danton (George-Jacques), French re¬
volutionist, VII. 619; X. 86.
Dantzic, VII. 622—corn-trade of, VII.
362—commerce of Denmark with,
720—siege of, in 1807, IX. 781-
siege by Gustavus Adolphus, XXI.
17—trade of, XVIII. 694—Gulf of,
IV. 329—port of, 330.
Danube, river, IV. 228, 459; IX. 407;
X. 483; XIX. 564 ; XXI. 418 —
mouths of the, IV. 660—its naviga¬
tion, XI. 726—Trajan’s bridge over
the, XIX. 407.
 (Lower and Upper), VII. 622.
Dag, island, VII. 622.
Daoud, in Hindustan, VII. 622.
Daoubcandy, in Hindustan, VII. 622.
Daoudnagur, in Hindustan, VII. 622.
Daouria, mountains of, XX. 326.
Daphne, VII. 622.
Daphneforia, festival, VII. 623.
Daphnin, VI. 467.
Daphnomelus, VII. 283.
Daplmusa, siege of, VII. 287.
Dapifer, VII. 623.
Dapsa, insect, IX. 185.
Daptrius, bird, XVI. 561.
Dar el Beida, in Morocco, XV. 50*6.
Darabjirb, Persian town, VII. 623.
Darah, African river, VII. 623.
 , African country, VII. 623.
Dasanagur, in Hindustan, VII. 623.
DAR-DAU
Dakaporam in Hindustan, VII. 623.
Darapti, in logic, VII. 623.
Dararians, sect of, VIII. 478.
Darby (Abiah), his iron bridge, V. 278.
Darda, Hungai'ian town, VII. 623.
Dardanelles, VII. 623.
Dardancs, VII. 624.
Darent river navigation, XVI. 11.
Dares, a Phrygian, VII. 624.
Darfur, in Africa, VII. 624 ; II. 236.
Dario, gold coin, VII. 625.
Darien, province of, VII. 625.
 , gulf of, VII. 625.
 .isthmus of, VII. 625; XVI. 781
—proposed canal across, II. 651.
 , Scottish colony of, VII. 625 ;
V. 365 ; VIII. 414.
Dabii, in logic, VII. 629.
Darius, murdered by Bessus, XIII. 632
—Persian kings of that name, XVII.
259,260.
Darkeiimen, in Prussia, VII. 629.
Darkness, VII. 629.
Darling (General), his administration in
New South Wales, XXI. 713.
 River, XXI. 715.
Darlington, in Durham, VII. 629—
“Hell Kettles” near, VIII. 290.
Darmapooram, Hindu town, VII. 629.
Darmstadt, German city, VII. 629.
Darmtal, French town, VII. 629.
Darnis, insect, IX. 204.
Darnley (Lord), husband of Q. Mary,
XIX. 737—murder of, 739.
Darnley’s Island, VII. 629.
Daroca, Spanish city, VII. 630.
Darra, Hindu town, VII. 630.
Dart river navigation, XVI. 11.
Dartford, in Kent, VII. 630.
Dartmouth, in Devonshire, VII. 630.
 , in Nova Scotia, XVI. 285.
Daru (Comte de),historian, VII. 630.
Daruvare, Austrian town, VII. 630.
Darvill (Mr), on the race-horse, XI./575.
Darwar, in Hindustan, VII. 630.
Darwin (Erasmus), VII. 631—Dr T.
Brown’s Observations on his Zoono-
mia, I. 394 ; V. 602—on physical in¬
fluences atfecting the mind, VIII. 440
on instinct, XII. 305—on the sensi¬
tive plant, XX. 101.
Dasan, island, VII. 632.
Dascillus, insect, IX. 141.
Dascyllus, fish, XII. 176.
Dasycerus, insects, IX. 176.
Dasypoda, insects, IX. 232.
Dasypogon, insect, IX. 268.
Dasyproeta, in zoology, XIV. 141.
Dasypus, in zoology, XIV. 14 3.
Dasytes, insect, IX. 145.
Dasyurus, X1V.127—Ursinus, XXI.554.
Data, in mathematics, VII. 632.
Date, VII. 632. See Calendar, Chro¬
nology, Epoch, Era.
Date-plum tree, XVII. 789.
Date-tree, XVII. 452—dates, ib.
Datisceae, in botany, V. 128.
Datiscin, VI. 476.
Datisi, in logic, VII. 632.
Dative, in grammar, VII. 632 ; X. 642.
Datnia, fish, XII. 169.
Datolite, in mineralogy, XV. 150—spe-
eifie gravity of, XII. 29.
Datura, poisonous, XIV. 506.
Dacbenton (L. J. M), VII. 633—on the
wood of palms, III. 63—occipital angle
of, 6; XVII. 701.
Daubeay (,Dr), his geological account of
-(Etna, II. 202—on volcanoes, XV. 226,
230—on thermal springs, XVII. 528.
Daudin on birds, XVI. 549.
Daughter, VII. 634.
Daulakee, Persian village, VII. 634.
Dauli, river, VII. 634.
Daun (Count), XVIII. 674, et seq*
Dauney (Wm.), ancient Scottish melo¬
dies published by, XX. 375-.
Dauphin, VII. 634.
— (Port> XIII. 668.
Dauphins, or Delphins, VII. 634 ; IV.
627.
Daurat (John),poet, VII. 634.
Daussy (Mons.) on the effect of atm os- I
DAY—DEA
pheric pressure on the level of the sea,
XXL 285.
Davanagiri, Indian town, VII. 634.
Davenant (Charles), VII. 635—on po¬
litical economy, XVIII. 266.
  (Sir William), poet, VII. 634 ;
XVIII. 170—opera by, VIII. 171.
Davenport (Tho.), his application of
electro-magnetism as a mechanical
power, XXI. 687.
Daventry, a town in Northampton¬
shire, VII. 635.
David, VII. 635 ; XII. 568 ; XVI. 750
—Dr Chandler’s Life of, VI. 317—
psalms of, XVIII. 146.
 I., king of Scotland, XIX. 705.
 II., king of Scotland, XIX. 710.
  (Jacques-Louis), his style of
painting, XVI. 723.
 ap Gwyllim, VI. 138.
Davidists, heretics, VII. 635.
David’s (St), city in Pembrokeshire,
VII. 635; XVII. 183.
Davie (Major), VI. 305.
Davies’s Tables of life-contingencies,
III. 201.
Davig, town in Norway, VII. 635.
Davila (H. C.), historian, VII. 635.
Davis (Sir John), VII. 636; XII. 367-
quotation from his poem on the im¬
mortality of the soul, I. 253.
  (John), navigator, VII. 636—
voyages of, XVIII. 217.
 (Mr), his translations from the
Chinese, VI. 568, 571—on ancient
Hindu astronomy, XVII. 428.
Davis’s Island, VII. 636.
Davison (Mr) on the pyramid of Cheops,
VIII. 547, 557-8.
Davy (Sir Humphry), VII. 637 — on
the use of lime in agriculture, II. 300
—on the improvement of clay-soils,
315—on the composition of the at¬
mosphere, IV. 134—his connection
with Dr Beddoes, 515—his oryhydro-
gen blowpipe, 716—his chemical dis¬
coveries, VI. 351—on electrical light,
VIII. 585 —r on electro-magnetism,
674—on the torpedo, 611—on falling
stars, IX. 587—on the salmon fishery,
600—on flame, X. 356—on the Her¬
culaneum MSS., XI. 266—on irriga¬
tion, XII. 456—on volcanoes, XV. 230
—Ms safety-lamp, XIII. 46 ; XV. 245
—his galvanic battery, XXI. 665—
electro chemical experiments, 677,678.
— — (Dr John), on the electricity of
the torpedo, VIII. 611.
Dawlish, in Devonshire, VII. 643.
Dawson (William), the establisher of
drill-culture of turnips in Scotland,
II. 286—on the use of lime in agri¬
culture, 301.
Dax, in France, VII. 643.
Day, VII. 643—siderial, III. 776—civil,
ih.— astronomical or solar, ih. ; VI.
3—cause of variation in length of,
III. 776—days of grace, IX. 454—ori¬
gin of the names of days, XVIII. 337.
   (John), printer, XVIII. 554.
Daymiel, Spanish town, VII. 643.
Daze, a mineral, VII. 643.
Deacon, VII. 644 ; XI. 489.
Deaconess, VII. 644.
Deaconry, VII. 644.
Dead, Chinese respect for the, VI. 563
—interment of the, XII. 329—prayers
for toe, XII. 752, note. See Burial,
Death.
Dead-reckoning, VII. 644.
Dead Sea, III. 703 ; XII. 546; XIII.
27 ; XVI. 745, 746 ; XVII. 522.
Deadly fsud, VII. 644.
 nightshade, XIV. 506.
Deaf and Dumb, VII. 645—J. C. Am¬
man’s mode of teaching the, II. 657
communication of blind persons
with the, IV. 699-—Condillac on their
ideas, VII. 204—Dalgarno on their
tuition, 594-—Edinburgh Asylum for
the, VIII. 426—rights of the, XIV.
494—hearing-trumpet, XXI. 398.
Deal, fir-plank, VII. 659.
DEA—DEC
Deal, a town in Kent, VII. 659.
Deal-fish, XII. 189.
Dealpoor, in Hindustan, VII. 659.
Dean, VII. 660—and chapter, ib.—Eng¬
lish deans, VIII. 788.
 , forest of, X. 588.
’ of Faculty, XIX. 760.
Deane (Sir Anthony), his improvements
on ships, XVI. 42, 44; XX. 225.
Deanery, VII. 660.
Deanston system of draining, XX. 730.
Deargoun, in Hindustan, VII. 660.
Dearne and Dove canal, XVI. 11.
Death, VII. 660 ; XIV. 207 ; XVII.
581—from laughter, VIII. 212, n. 1—
signs of, XII. 330; XIV. 497—me¬
dico-legal examination of dead body,
ib.—from suffocation, 498 ; starvation,
ib.; extremes of temperature, 499 ;
wounds, ih.; poison, 500—soul after,
679—utility of fear of, XVIII. 667—
considered theologically, XXI. 218,
235—of plants, 588. See Mortality.
Death-tick, IX. 146.
Dehen river navigation, XVI. 11.
Debenham, in Suffolk, VII. 661.
Debenture, VII. 661.
Debreczyn, Hungarian city, VII. 661.
Debruized, in heraldry, VII. 661.
Debt (National). See National Debt.
Debtors, Roman law against, VI. 711.
Decade, VII. 661.
Decagon, in geometry, VII. 661.
Decalogue, VII. 661.
Decandolle (Mens.) See Candolle.
Decantation, VII. 661.
Decanus, VII. 661.
Decapoda, Crustacea, VII. 500.
Decapolis, VII. 661 ; XVI. 745.
Decaproti, VII. 661.
Decastyle, in architecture, VII. 661 ;
III. 466.
Deccan, VII. 661 ; XI. 376.
Decebalus, X. 494 ; XIX. 406, 407.
December, VII. 661—gardening opera¬
tions in, XI. 691.
Decempeda, ancient measuring instru¬
ment, VII. 662.
Decemviri, magistrates in ancient
Rome, VII. 662.
Decennalia, Roman festivals, VII. 662.
Decentius, VII. 272.
Dechales (Claudius F. M.), mathema¬
tician, VII. 662.
Deciduous, VII. 662.
Decil, in astronomy, VII. 662.
Decimal Arithmetic, VII. 662—intro¬
duction of, I. 435—fractions, III 559 ;
terminate, 560 ; approximate, 561 ;
interminate, 562.
Decimation, VII. 663.
Deciphering, VII. 663 ; VI. 701 .
Decius, XIX. 382.
 Mus, Roman consul, VII 663.
 Trajanus, reign of, XIX. 411.
Decize, French city, VII. 663.
Deck of a ship, VII. 663; XX. 288—
sheer of, 277.
Decker (Sir Matthew), on political eco¬
nomy, XVIII. 267.
 (John), his work on anonymous
hooks, IV. 627.
Decknall, Hindu town, VII. 663.
Decla, Hindu town, VII. 663.
Declamatiom, VII. 663.
Declination, VII. 664—in astronomy,
ib. ; III. 755—table of the sun’s, for
every day in the year, VII. 780.
Declinator, an instrument, VII. 665.
Decoction, VII. 665.
Deceits, Indian robbers, XI. 452.
Decollation, VII. 665.
Decomposition, in chemistry, VII. 665
•—laws of, VI. 355—electro-chemical,
XXI. 678—by thermo-electricity, 698
—by means of the galvanic pile, 673.
Decoration, in architecture, VII. 665 ;
V. 695.
Decorum, in architecture, VII. 665.
Decouple, in heraldry, VII. 665.
Decoy, in naval warfare, VII. 685—for
wild fowl, ib. ; XX. 391, vu
Decree, VII. 665.
INDEX
49
DEC—DEK
Decrement, in heraldry, VII. 665.
Decrepitation, in chemistry, VII. 665.
Decrepitude, XIV. 498.
Decretals, VII. 665 4 XXI. 488—col¬
lections of, VI. 92.
Dectan, Hindu town, VII. 665.
Dectot’s Danaide, XII. 107.
Decumates Agri, VII. 665.
Decuple Proportion, VII. 665.
Decurio, Roman officer, VII. 665.
Decury, VII. 666.
Decussation, in geometry, VII. 666.
Decussorium, VII. 666.
Deddington, in Oxfordshire, VJI. 666.
Dedham, in Essex, VII. 666.
Dedication, VII. 666.
Dee, rivers of that name, VII. 667.
 , river in Cheshire, VI. 509—its
navigation, XVI. 12.
 (John), mathematician, VII. 666
—on optical instruments, XVI. 852.
Deed, VII. 667.
Deeg, VII. 667—battle of, XI. 436.
Deemsters, Manx judges, VII. 667.
Deeping-Market, a town in Lincoln¬
shire, VII. 667.
Deer, XIV. 157, 158—of Hindustan, XI.
382—deer-hunting, XI. 746 —deer¬
stalking, XX. 303.
Deerlyk, town in Flanders, VII. 667.
Dees, or Deesch, VII. 667.
Defamation, VII. 667.
Default, in law, VII. 667.
Defection, VII. 667.
Defective, VII. 667.
Defence, in fortification, VII. 667.
Defend, VII. 667.
Defender of the Faith, VII. 667.
Defenders, VII. 668.
Defensive passions, XV. 459, 461. See
Anger, Resentment.
Deferens, in astronomy, VII. 668.
Defiand (Madame du), X. 507, n. 2—on
the origin of our knowledge, I. 72.
Defile, in fortification, VII. 668.
Definite, in grammar, VII. 668.
Definition, VII. 6684 XIII. 435—
causes of obscurity of, 436 — requi¬
sites of, ib. — how to arrive at just
definitions, ib.—are a help to clearness
and evidence, 444—their use in ma¬
thematics, ib.—known before Socrates,
XX. 464—his fondness for, 465.
Definitive, VII. 668.
Deflagration, in chemistry, VII. 668.
Deflecting forces, VIII. 379.
Deflection, VII. 668.
Defloration, signs of, XIV. 496.
Defoe (Daniel), VII. 668 4 XX. 84—his
novels, XIX. 335.
Defoliation, VII. 672.
Deformity, VII. 672—effects of its pos¬
session on the possessor’s mind, VIII.
442. See Beauty.
Defossion, burying alive, VII. 677.
Degeneration, VH. 677.
Degerando (Monsieur), on the Kantian
schools of philosophy, I. 200 -1.
Deglutition, or swallowing, XVII. 581,
627—of fishes, XII. 159.
Dego, X. 100.
Degoo, river, III. 705.
Degradation, VII. 677.
Degi-andpre, his account of Angola, III.
152.
Degree, VII. 678—of a circle, XXI.
370—measurement of degree on the
earth’s surface, IX. 546, et seq. ; VI.
218 4 VII. 678 4 I- 056.
 , academical, XXI. 487, 490, 498,
504, 507, 510, 520, 524.
 , in music, VII. 678.
Dehindah, Hindu town, VII. 678.
Dehwars, IV. 558.
Deification, III. 293.
De,phon, VII. 678.
Deiscal, ancient ceremony, VII. 678.
Dlism and Deists, VII. 678.
Deity, VII. 679. See God.
Dejanira, wife of Hercules, VII. 679.
Dejection, in astrology, VII. 679.
Dejoces, XIV. 489 4 XVII. 259.
Dekrungh, river, III. 705.
DEL—DEM
Delambre (J. B. J.), VII. 679—sketch
of his life and scientific character, I.
658, n.—his measurement of a degree
of latitude, 659 ; and of the arc of the
meridian of Paris, IX. 550—on the
astronomical merits of Ptolemy, III.
733 4 Dominic Cassini, 7434 and La-
lande, 746—his astronomical labours,
747—on the solar spots, 781—on the
orbits of comets, VII. 138—on spheri¬
cal trigonometry, XXI. 378.
Delamere Forest, meridian of, XXI. 359.
Delaoud, Hindu town, VII. 681.
Delarive (Prof.), on electricity,VIII. 581,
617, n.—on electricity of sun’s rays,
668—on voltaic currents, XXI. 676.
Delasone, his anatomical researches, II.
701—on cartilage, 747.
Delator, his hive, III. 283.
Delaval on electricity, VIII. 571—on
ink-making, XII. 277.
Delaware, state, VII. 681—canals in,
XVI. 264 XXI. 472—railroads, 473.
 river and bay, VII. 682.
 Indians, II. 619.
Delden, in the Netherlands, VII. 682.
Delegate, VII. 682.
Deleterious, VII. 682.
Deleuze on animal magnetism, XX. 477.
Deleytosa, Spanish town, VII. 682.
Delfshaven, VII. 682.
Delft, VII. 682—ware, ib.
 Isle, VII. 682.
Delfzyl, VII. 683.
Delhi, VII. 683—inscriptions at, XII.
291—sacked by Nadir Shah, XI. 411
—taken by Timour, XV. 318.
Delia, VII. 686.
Deliacal Problem, VII. 686.
Delibamenta, VII. 686.
Deliberative, VII. 686.
Delille (Jacques), poet, VII. 686.
 (J.), a blind author, IV. 699.
Deliquescence, VII. 688.
Deliquium, VII. 688.
Delirium, VII. 688. See Mental
Diseases.
Delisle, his astronomical labours, III.
746—his thermometer, IV. 393.
Delitzsch, in Prussia, VII. 688.
Delium, battle of, XX. 441.
Della Torre. See Torre.
Dellamcotta, in Hindustan, VII. 688.
Delmenhorst, in Germany, VII. 688.
Delos, island, VII. 688.
Delphax, insect, IX. 203.
Delphi, VII. 689—the Amphictyons at,
II. 667—oracle of, XVI.’515.
Delphin collection of the classics, IV.
627 4 VII. <534.
Delphinapterus, in zoology, XIV. 181.
Delphinia, ancient feasts, VII. 690.
Delphinise, in zoology, XIV. 172.
Delphinin, VI. 466.
Delphinius, in astronomy, VII. 690.
Delphinorhynchus, in zoology, XIV. 173.
Delphinula, in conchology, XV. 347.
Delphinus, XIV. 174. See Dolphin.
Delphos, Greek village, VII. 690.
Delta of Egypt, VII. 6804 VIII. 458
—its formation, 507.
 of the Indus, XX. 361.
Deltas, formation of, XVII. 524.
Deltoides, insects, IX. 250.
Deluc. See Luc (De).
Deluge, VII. 69O4 XV. 206, 2204 XVI.
234—Hindu traditions respecting the,
XV. 677. See Antedeluvians, Deu¬
calion.
Delundung, in zoology, XIV. 118.
Demades, Athenian orator, VII. 704.
Demain, in law, VII. 704.
Dbmbea, lake, VII. 704.
 , in Abyssinia, VJI. 704.
Dembo, in Africa, VII. 704.
Demembration, crime of, XIV. 496.
Dementia, XIV. 585.
Demerara, VII. 704.
Demesne. See Demain.
Demetria, ancient festival, VII. 707.
Demetrias, insect, IX. 116.
Demetrius, king of Antioch, III. 252.
 Poliorcetes, VII. 707 4IV. 127.
DEM—DEN
Demetrius Phalerius, VII. 708 ; IV.
127 4 XVII. 406, n. 2.
 Soter, VI. 125.
 , philosopher, VII. 703.
 , king of Macedon, VII. 707 4
XIII. 642.
Demi, VII. 708.
Demi-Attici, VII. 708.
Demi-gorge, in fortification, VII. 708.
Demilune, in fortification, IX. 773.
Demi-quaver, in music, VII. 708.
Demise, VII. 708.
Demiurge, in mythology, VII. 708.
Demmin, a Prussian city, VII. 708.
Democracy, VII. 708 4 X. 623—Aris¬
totle on, III. 527—at Athens, IV. 143,
159, 164—evils of, XVIII. 38—in the
United States, XXI. 480.
Democritus, VII. 708; X. 423—on the
moon’s spots, I. 452—his atomic theo¬
ry, III. 294—said to have put out his
eyes, IV. 700—his anatomical studies,
XVII. 724—was an atheist, XVII. 797.
Demoivre (Abraham), VII. 709—on the
calculus of sines, II. 494, 499—on the
doctrine of chance, XIV. 322—on pro¬
bability, XVIII. 592.
Demon. See Daemon.
Demoniacal diseases, XIV. 9.
Demonology. III. 296, et seq.
Demonstrable, VII. 709.
Demonstration, in logic, VII. 709
XIII. 454; XIV. 639—direct and in¬
direct, XIII. 456.
Demonstrative, in grammar, VII. 709.
Demontb, an Italian town, VII. 709.
De Morgan (Mr), on probability, XVIII.
594.
Demosthenes, orator, VII. 709—his
orations against Philip, XIII. 626—
his conduct at the battle of Chaeronea,
629—oratory of, XIX. 216—lanthom
of, III. 416, 436; IV. 119.
 , Athenian commander, IV. 157.
Dempster (Thomas), VII. 710.
 of Court, VII. 716.
Demsters, Manx judges, VII. 667.
Demulcents, in medicine, VII. 716.
Demurrage, in commerce, VII. 716.
Demurrer, in law, VII. 716.
Denaicott, Hindu town, VII. 716.
Denarius, Roman coin, VII. 716 ; XIV.
473; XV. 397.
Denbigh and Denbighshire, VII. 716.
Dendera, in Egypt, VII. 718—ruins
near, VIII. 542—zodiac of, 555.
Dendermonde, VII. 718.
Dendrachates, VII. 718.
Dendrites, formation of, VII. 510.
Dendrocolaptes, birds, XVI. 588.
Dendroides, insects, IX. 167.
Dendrometer, instrument, VII. 718.
Dendrophagus, insect, IX. 177.
Dendrophis, serpent, XX. 140.
Dendrophoria, ceremony, VII. 718.
Deneb, Arabian term, VII. 718.
Denham (Sir John), VII. 718—character
of his poetry, XVIII. 170.
  (Major), his discoveries in the
interior of Africa, II. 238—his expe¬
dition to Bornou, V. 12.
Denia, Spanish city, VII. 718.
Denier, French coin, VII. 719.
Denina (C. J. M.), VII. 719.
Denis (Monsieur), his classification of
books, IV. 631—his Introduction to
Bibliography, 632.
Denizen, in law, VII. 720.
Denizley, in Asia Minor, VII. 720.
Denmark, VII. 720—Royal Academy
of Sciences, II. 72—colonies, 648;
VII. 126; X. 756—army of. III. 609
—Baltic coast of, IV. 328—canals,
331—botanists, V. 79—British inva¬
sion of, in 1801, V. 501; XVI. 88—
seizure of fleet by the British in 1807,
V. 523, 526 ; X. 148—separation of
Norway from, V. 535, 536—corn-
trade of, VII. 363 — settlements in
Greenland, X. 756—connexion with
Iceland, XII. 143—jury trial in, 652
—libraries in, XIII. 316—variation
of the needle in, 733, 736 — coins
DEN—DER
of, XV. 407, 409—newspapers, XVI.
173—the Reformation in, XIX. 94—
religion of, 315—wars with Sweden,
XXI. 13, et seq. ; V. 451—tides, XXI.
275—weights and measures of, 852—
Danish balance, IV. 306 ; ballads,
320 ; Bibles, 617 ; language, XIII. 85
—map of, VII. PI. 184. See Danes.
Dennis, or Dionysius the Lesser. See
Dionysius the Lesser.
 (John), critic, VII. 731.
Dennys (John), on angling, III. 148.
Denomination, VII. 732.
Denominator, VII. 732.
Denon, his account of Pompey’s Pillar,
II. 413; the ruins of Thebes, III.
409 ; and the Egyptian pyramids, 410.
Density, VII. 732; XVIII. 778—of
air, XVIII. 99—instrument for mea¬
suring, III. 370.
Dentalium, in conchology, XV. 349.
 , worm, XI. 219.
Dentatus (Curius), VII. 732.
Dentex, fish, XII. 177.
Denticrura, insects, IX. 137.
Dentifrice, VII. 732.
Dentils, VII. 732 ; III. 466.
Dentirostres, birds, XVI. 567.
Dentiscalpra, in surgery, VII. 732.
Dentition, VII. 732 ; XIV. 206; XVII.
07—in man, II. 781—in the lower
animals, III. 33. See Teeth.
D’ENTRECASTEAUX’s Ch ANNEL, VII. 732.
Denunciation, VII. 732.
Deobstruents, in pharmacy, VII. 732.
Deodanh, VII. 732.
Deodhur, Hindu town, VII. 732.
Deogire, Hindu city, VII. 732.
Deogur, Hindu city, VII. 732.
Deonella, Hindu town, VII. 732.
Deopoor, Hindu town, VII. 732.
Deosir, in Hindustan, VII. 732.
Deparcieux (Mons.), on probabilities of
life. III. 199—his araeometer, 371—
on overshot-wheels, XII. 84—on the
line of traction, XIV. 441—on mor¬
tality, XV. 514, 545.
Dephlegmation, VII. 732.
Dephlogisticated, VII. 733.
Depilatory Medicines, VII. 7 33.
Depolarisation of light, XVIII. 232,236.
Deponent, in grammar, VII. 733.
Depopulation, VII. 733.
Deportation, VII. 733.
Deposit, VII. 733—Mosaic law respect¬
ing, XV. 566.
Depositary, in law, VII. 733.
Deposition, in law, VII. 733.
Deprecation, in rhetoric, VII. 733.
Deprecatory, in theology, VII. 733.
Depressa, insects, IX. 138.
Depression, VII. 733.
Deprivaton, in law, VII. 733.
Deptford, in Kent, VII. 733—dock
and victualling yards of, VIII. 81.
Depuration, VII. 733.
Deputation, VII. 733.
Deputatus, VII. 733.
Deputy, VII. 733—French Chamber of
Deputies, X. 213.
Derayeh, III. 326 — captured by the
Turks, 346—destroyed by Ibrahim
Pasha, VIII. 501.
Derbe, insect, IX. 203.
Derbend, Persian town, VII. 733.
Derby, VII. 734—canal, XVI. 12.
Derbyshire, VII. 734—caverns in, XI.
8—-hot-blast at the Butterly iron¬
works in, XX. 409.
Derees, Persian town, VII. 737.
Dereham, town in Norfolk, VII. 737.
Derelicts, in civil law, VII. 737.
Derenburg, Prussian town, VII. 737.
Derg (Lough), VIII. Ill; XII. 391.
Derham, (Dr W.), VII. 737—his ac¬
count of the death-watch, VII. 660.
Derivation, VII. 738.
Derivative, in grammar, VII. 738. ,
Dermestes, insects, IX. 149.
Dermestini, insects, IX. 149.
Dermot, king of Leinster, XII. 354.
Dernier Resort, XIX. 187.
Derogation, VII. 738.
50
INDE X
DER—DES
Derventio, river, YII. 738.
Dervis, or Dervifsh, YII. 738.
Derwent, river, Cumberland, VII. 536.
 , river, Derbyshire, VII. 735—
its navigation, XVI. 12.
 , river in Yorkshire—its naviga¬
tion, XVI. 12.
Derwentwater, VII. 537.
 (Earl of), his rebellion, V. 375—
his execution, 376.
Desaguadero, river, XVIII. 739.
Desaguiliers(J. T.), VII. 738—his con¬
tributions to electricity, I. 617—on
Savary’s steam-engine, XX. 617—on
Newcomen’s steam-engine, 624—on
Beighton’s valve-gear, 627—his con¬
trivance for water-pipes, XXI. 795—
on Barker’s mill, 805.
Desaigne, a French town, VII. 738.
Desaix (General), VIII. 489, 490.
Desault (Pierre Joseph), VII. 738 —
his surgical improvements, XX. 829.
Desbara, Hindu town, VII. 739-
Descant, in music, VII. 739
Descartes (Rene), VI. 180—Conaor-
cet’s character of, I. 56—not entitled
to be called the father of experimen¬
tal physics, but of the experimental
philosophy of the mind, 67-8—his
clear and precise conception of reflec¬
tion, 57—on the mind, ib. et seq., 242
—the articles of common belief which
he proposed to subject to severe scru¬
tiny, 59—on consciousness of exis¬
tence, ib.; XIV. 631—his argument
for the existence of the Deity, I. 59
unjustly persecuted as an atheist, 60
—his precocity of genius, ib.—princi¬
pal articles of his philosophy, ib.—his
claims to the discovery of some lead¬
ing ideas ascribed to later metaphysi¬
cians, 63—progress of his doctrines in
England, 64—merits oChisMeditations,
43—coincidences between passages in
his works and the Novum Organon,
244—his errors, 68—on the connec¬
tion between soul and body, ib.—on
extension and figure, 245—on thepri-
mary and secondary qualities of bodies,
63, 245—reasons why he fixed on the
pineal gland as the seat of the soul,
69—never mentions Bacon, 70—erro¬
neously called a nullibist, 246—his
merits as a writer, 247—his doctrines
concerning ideas misunderstood, 109,
251—on the freedom of the will, 267
—supposition of Coleridge that he an¬
ticipated Hobbes in his discourse on
Method erroneous, 428—in philoso¬
phizing pursued a course opposite to
the Baconian, 468—comparison of his
system with Bacon’s, 469 — on the
theory of motion, 478—on the preser¬
vation of the same quantity of motion
in the universe, ib.—on centrifugal
force, ib.—the first who attempted to
reduce all the phenomena of the uni¬
verse to the same law,493—his theory
of vortices, 494—his claim to the dis¬
covery of the true law of refraction ill
founded, 511—his theory of light,
512—his optical discoveries, 512-13,
631; XVI. 358, 403—on the force of a
movingbody.1.538—hisimprovements
in, and new applications of, algebra,
I. 444 ; II. 424 ; IX. 632—on the
pressure of the atmosphere, IV. 386
—his barometer, 389—his attempt
to solve a problem of Apollonius, III.
289—his opinion of brutes, V. 613—
on magnetism, XIII. 688—his contri¬
butions to mathematics, XIV. 317 ;
I. 594—on perception, XIV. 604—on
the trade-winds, 746—on pneumatics,
XVIII. 74—on force and velocity,
779—his theory of the origin of
springs, XX. 548.
 , French town, VII. 739.
Descendant, VII. 739.
Descension, VII. 739.
Descent, VII. 739, 740i.
Description, VII. 740.
Desbwzano, Italian town, VII. 740>.
DES-DEV
Desert, VII. 740; XVII. 501—deserts
of Arabia, III. 325. See Sahara.
Desertion of sailors during war, XIII.
142.
Deseze, X. 74.
Desfontaines on the textures of plants,
III. 60, 62—on their cuticle, 66—his
botanical labours, V. 87.
Deshache, in heraldry, VII. 740.
Desiderade, XI. 12.
Desideratum, VII. 740.
Desideri, his geographical discoveries in
Asia, III. 698.
Design, VII. 740—in architecture, III.
466—designs for manufactures, VII.
740 ; XVI. 727.
Designation, VII. 740.
Designator, VII 740.
Designing, VII. 740.
Desii, XXI. 809.
Desire, XV. 466.
Desmaret on birds, XVI. 550.
Desmond family in Ireland, XII. 360—
rebellion, 364.
Desmoulins (A.), his division of the in¬
digenous Americans, II. 616.
Desolation (Island of), IV. 217.
Desormes (Monsieur), on evaporation,
IX. 426—his experiments on the heat
of air, XII. 118.
Despard (Colonel), execution of, V. 513
Despencer (Hugh le), VIII. 726.
Despot, VII. 741.
Despotical, VII. 741.
Despotism, X. 624—in Asia, III. 694 ;
Ava, IV. 242; Dahomey, VII. 587 ;
Persia, XVII. 247 ; Sinde, XX. 362;
Turkey, XXI. 420—itsetfect on litera¬
ture, XVII. 412.
Despouille, in heraldry, VII. 741.
Despreaux. See Boileau.
Despretz on latent heat, XX. 601.
Dessaignes on the phosphorescent effects
of electricity, VIII. 634.
Dessaix (General), V. 495.
Dessalines, governor of Hayti, VIII. 106.
Dessau, German city, VII. 741.
Dessert, or Desert, VII. 741.
Dessiccative, in pharmacy, VII. 741.
Destelberge, in Flanders, VII. 741.
Destiny, VII. 741.
Destruction, VII. 741.
Destructiveness, XVII. 462.
Desudation, in medicine, VII. 741.
Desultor, VII. 741.
Desorennes, French town, VII. 741.
Detachment, VII. 741.
Detail, in architecture, III. 466.
Detergents, in pharmacy, VII. 741.
Deterioration, VII. 741.
Determinate Problem, VII. 741.
 Section, VII. 741.
Determination, VII. 741.
Detersives, VII. 741.
Detinue, in law, VII. 741.
Detmold, German city, VII. 741.
Detonation, in chemistry, VII. 741.
Detranche, in heraldry, Vll. 741.
Detrital deposits, XV. 220.
Detroit, XV. 8—Fort, V. 537.
Dettlebach, in Bavaria, VII, 741.
Dettingen, battle of, V. 380.
Deucaledonius Oceanus, VII. 742.
Deucalion, VII. 742 ; VII. 692.
Deucar, Hindu town, VII. 742.
Deunx, Roman weight, VII. 742.
Deuterocanonical, VII. 742.
Deuteronomy, VII. 743.
Deuteropotmi, VII. 743.
Deuterosis, VII. 743.
Deutschkrome, it Prussia, VII. 743.
Deva, Austrian town, VII. 743.
Devant (Madame du), character of her
novels, XIX. 355.
Devaprayaga, Hindu town, VII. 743.
Devaud, somnambulist, XX. 477.
Development, anatomy of, XIV. 515.
Deventer, VII. 743.
Devereux (Robert), earl of Essex, VII.
743 ; VIII. 758.
Deyicotta, town in India, VII. 744.
Devil, VII. 744—Bougeant’s notion
that beasts are animated by devils.
DEV—DIA
V. 613, 614—diseases supposed to be
produced by them, XI V. 9—supersti¬
tious notions respecting the devil,
XX. 812-13. See Daemon, Daemoniac,
Demonology, Satan, Witch.
Devil-fish, XII. 234.
Devinction, VII. 744.
Devise, or Device, VII. 744.
Devizes, in Wiltshire, VII. 744.
Devolution, in law, VII. 744.
Devon ironworks, VI. 721.
 , river, VI. 720.
Devonport, XVIII. 67.
Devonsiiering, VII. 744.
Devonshire, VII. 745—cattle of, II.
322—sheep, 329—fisheries, IX. 603-
Duke of; see Cavendish (Wm).
Devotion, VII. 747—a principal fea¬
ture in character of chivalry, VI. 593.
Dew, VII. 748 ; XI. 185 ; XVII. 537—
in Egypt, XVIII. 514—instrument
for measuring, XIV. 743—Table of
dew-points, XII. 127. See Evapora¬
tion.
Dewagur, Hindu town, VII. 753.
Dewan, Hindu town, VII. 753.
Dewanny, VII. 753.
Dewarcote, Hindu town, VII. 753.
Dewarcundah, in Hindustan, VII. 753.
Dewargunge, Hindu town, VII. 753.
De Winter (Admiral), his engagement
with Duncan at Camperdown, V. 482 ‘
VIII. 277; X. 107.
DeWitt (John), VII. 753; V. 344 
on probabilities, III. 199—his inti¬
macy with Sir W. Temple, XXI. 176.
Dewsbury, in Yorkshire, VII. 754.
Dexia, insect, IX. 283.
Dextans, Roman weight, VII. 754.
Dexter, in heraldry, YII. 754.
Dextrine, optical properties of, XVI.
505—mode of procuring, ib. n.
Dextrochere, in heraldry, VII. 754.
Dey of Algiers, VII. 754.
Deyeux on hairs of plants, III. 69.
Deynse, in Flanders, VII. 754.
Deyrah, Hindu city, VII. 754.
Dezphoul, Persian town, VII. 754.
Dharma-Puram, VII. 623.
Dheras, XI. 32.
Dhourra, a grain, XVI. 293.
Diabetes, VII. 754—urine in, VI. 500
—Dr Rollo’s treatment of, VIII. 24
—in the domestic animals, XXI. 628.
Diabolus. See Devil.
 Metallorum, VII. 754.
Diacaustic Curve, VII. 754.
Diachylon, in pharmacy, VII. 754.
Diacodium, in pharmacy, VII. 754.
Diacoustics, VII. 754.
Diacrii, Athenian faction, VII. 754.
Diadem, VII. 755.
Diadin, in Armenia, VII. 755.
Diuresis, in grammar, VII. 755.
Di.etet.e, Grecian judges, VII. 755.
Diaglyphice, VII. 755.
Diagnosis, in medicine, VII. 755 ; XIV.
520—sources of difficulty and fallacy
in, XVII. 477—means of overcoming
difficulties in, 495.
Diagnostic, in medicine, VII. 755.
Diagonal, VII. 755 ; X. 433.
Diagoras, VII. 755.
Diagram, VII. 755.
Diagramma, fish, XII. 176.
Diah, Diat, VII. 755.
Diahexapla, in farriery, VII. 755.
Diakovar, Austrian town, VII. 755.
Dial, VII. 755—horizontal, X. 412 
Aitkin’s improved dial-work of clocks,
VI. 779. See Dialling.
Diala, river, VII. 755.
Dialect, VII. 755—Greek dialects
XVII. 404.
Dialectics, VII. 755—Aristotle on, III.
508—of Plato, XVIII. 24—definition
and induction known before Socrates,
XX. 464 ; and much employed by
him, 465. See Logic.
Dialia, in antiquity, VII. 756.
Dialitha, VII. 756.
Dialling, VII. 756. See Dial.
Dialogism, in rhetoric, VIII. 1.
DTA—DID
Dialogue, VIII. 1—dialogues of ancient
philosophers, III. 508—philosophical
dialogues, XVIII. 41.
Dialth^ea, in pharmacy, VIII. 3.
Dialysis, in grammar, VIII. 3.
Dialyta, insect, IX. 284.
Diamastigosis, festival, VIII. 3.
Diameter, in geometry, VIII. 3; X.
438, 465—in architecture, III. 466.
Diamond, VIII. 3; XV. 155; X. 378
—determined by Newton to be in¬
flammable, I. 550—its properties, VI.
368—sp.gr., XII. 29—structure, XVI.
368—glazier’s, X. 577—Pitt diamond,
XI. 249, n. 3—lenses of, XV. 29—
how ascertained to be genuine, XVII.
662—carat, VI. 132-—diamond-mines
of Brazil, V. 193,194,199, 207 ; XV.
310 ; Bundelcund, V. 704 ; Hindu¬
stan, XI. 385; Paracatu, XVII. 54.
 type, XXI. 436.
 Harbour and Island, VIII. 7.
Diamper, Hindu town, VIII. 7.
Diana, goddess, VIII. 7.
Diana’s bank, VIII. 7.
1) 1 ante arbor, in chemistry, VIII. 7.
Dianchora, in conchology, XV. 344.
Diano, Italian city, VIII. 7.
Diapason, VIII. 7.
Diapente, in ancient music, VIII. 7.
Diaper, VIII. 7. See Design.
Diaperales, insects, IX. 165.
Diapering, in heraldry, XI. 252.
Diaperis, insect, IX. 165.
Diaphanous, VIII. 7.
Diaphoresis, in rhetoric, VIII. 8.
Diaphoretics, VIII. 7—for the domestic
animals, XXI. 614, n. 4.
Diaphorus, insect, IX. 277.
Diaphragm, VIII. 7 ; II. 794—effects of
electricity on the, VIII. 639—its ac¬
tion in breathing, XVIII. 123.
Diarbekir, in Asiatic Turkey, VIII. 8
Diarrhoea in animals, XXI. 626.
Diarthrosis, in anatomy, VIII. 9.
Diary, VIII. 9.
Diaschism, in music, VIII. 9.
Diastata, insect, IX. 299.
Diastole, VIII. 9 ; XVII. 641.
Diastyle, in architecture, III. 466.
Diasyomus, in rhetoric, VIII. 9.
Diatessaron, in music, VIII. 9.
Diatonic, in music, VIII. 9.
Diaz (Bartolomeo), X. 307.
 (Paulo de), traveller, III. 151.
Diazona, mollusca, XV. 370.
Dibble, VIII. 9.
Dibdin (Itev. T. F.), on early printed
books, IV. 624—on editions of the
classics, 627—on works printed by
Guttenberg, XVIII. 545—on the sale
of the Roxburghe library, 548.
Dibolia, insect, IX. 184.
Dicaiarctiiis, VIII. 9 ; X. 395.
Dicaum, bird, XVI. 589.
Dicas’s lactometer, VII. 5H1S.
Dice, VIII. 9—dice-box, V. 158.
Diceras, in conchology, XV. 343.
Dichseta, insect, IX. 289.
Dichlamydeaa, in botany, V. 42—thala-
miflorse, 94—calyciflorae, 10 5,114,115,
116—corolliflorse, 119.
Dichotomy, in astronomy, VIII. 9.
Dichroism, XV. 128 ; XVI. 494.
Dicker, VIII. 9.
Dickinson (Edmund), VIII. 9.
Diclines, in botany, V. 128, 131.
Dicotyledones, in botany, V. 90, 92, 94.
Dicotyledons, III. 72—structure and
evolution of dicotyledonous seeds, 79.
Dicotyledonous plants, V. 51.
Dicrania, insects, IX. 160.
Dicranoura, insect, IX. 248.
Dictator, VIII. 9.
Diction, poetic, XVIII. 143. See Com¬
position, Style.
Dictionary, VIII. 9—of the English
language, ib—bibliographical diction¬
aries, IV. 629.
Dictymnia, feasts, VIII. 14.
Dictyoptera, insects, IX. 141.
Dictys Cretensis, VIII. 14.
Didactic, VIII. 14.
INDEX,
51
DID—DIG
DIG—DIO
DIO—DIS
DIS
Didelphis, in zoology, XIV. 12G.
Didemnum, molluscum, XV. 371.
Diderot (Denis), VIII. 14—on ideas, I.
109-111—on liberty and necessity, 150
his atheism, 181, 274—his theory of
beauty, IV. 486—on the blind, 699,
701—his novels, XIX. 354.
Didier, Lombard king, X. 8.
 (St), French city, VIII. 16.
Didlus Julianus, XIX. 409.
DIdo, VIII. 16 ; VI. 183.
Didot’s script types, XXI. 437.
Didymocarpese, in botany, V. 121.
Didymds, VIII. 16 ; XI. 547.
Die, in France, VIII. 16. i
 , in architecture. III. 466.
 for coinage, VII. 54 ; XIV. 478.
Diebitsch (Count), III. 607.
Dieburg, German city, VIII. 16.
Diego Garcia, island, XIV. 333.
Diekirch, French city, VIII. 16.
Diemerbroek (Isbraud), VIII. 16.
Diemrich, VII. 743.
Diependeek, in Limburg, VIII. 16.
Diepholz, in Hanover, VIII. 16.
Dieppe, in France, VIII. 16.
Dierdorp, German town, VIII. 17.
Dies marchi^., VIII. 17.
Diesis, in music, VIII. 17.
Diespiter, VIII. 17.
Diessenhofen, VIII. 17.
Diet, Polish, XVIII. 201.
Dietetics, VIII. 17—fish, III. 20, 21-
relative nutritive powers of different
kinds of animal food, 166—abstinence
least supportable by the young, 167—
cases of abstinence, ib.—power of ab¬
stinence in animals, ib.—effects of
too luxurious diet on Luther, 298,
m. 1—diet of the Arabs, III. 335 ; of
the Chinese, VI. 579, 580, 586—in¬
fluence of diet on the mind, VIII.
443; and on health, XIV. 508—coarse
food of the Tunquinese, XXI. 409.
See Cookery, Fast, Food, Nutrition.
Died et mon Droit, VIII. 26.
Diet, in France, VIII. 26.
 (St>, French city, VIII. 26.
Diez, in Nassau, VIII. 26.
Diff, musical instrument, VIII. 26.
Diffarreation, VIII. 26.
Difference, in mathematics, &c., VIII.
26—in heraldry, ib.; XI. 245.
Differential, VIII. 26 — distinction
between differentials and variations,
I. 600. See Fluxions.
 equation, VIII. 26.
   calculus, VIII. 27 ; V. 787—
by whom discovered ? XIII. 208. See
Fluxions.
  thermometer, VI. 757, 760 ;
VII. 60 ; XIV. 725 ; XXI. 2%9.
Difform, VIII. 27.
Diffraction of light, VI. 640 ; XVI. 433.
Diffuse, VIII. 27.
Diffusion, VIII. 27.
Digbt (Sir Kenelm), VIII. 27—his son’s
blind preceptor, IV. 702.
Digest of Roman law^s, VIII. 27.
Digester, Papin’s, I. 654 ; XX. 608, 577.
Digestion of food, VIII. 27,17 ; XVII.
581, 628 ; XXI. 623 — theories of,
XVII. 629—in reptiles, III. 36—pe¬
culiar to animals, 157—Luther’s vi¬
sions the effect of derangement of, 298,
n. 1 — comparative digestibility of
different aliments, VIII. 21—influence
of nervous energy on, XVII. 135—in
serpents, XX. 130—Spallanzani’s ex¬
periments on, XX. 524—organs of, in
man, II. 814 ; brutes. III. 32 ; XVII.
702, et seq.; the Crustacea, VII. 498
—insects, IX. 84 ; fishes, XII. 159 ;
the mollusca, XV. 326, 351, et seq. ;
birds, XVI. 554, 604 ; serpents, XX.
130; zoophytes, XXI. 990—diseases
of the digestive organs in the domes¬
tic animals, XXL 621.
 , in chemistry, VIII. 27.
Digestive, in medicine, VIII. 27.
Digges (Sir Dudley), V. 311.
 (Leonard) VIII. 27—on Archi¬
medes’s burning glasses, V. 729—
the alleged inventor of spectacles,
XVI. 351.
Digges (Thomas), VIII. 27.
Digging, in mining, VIII. 27.
Digit, VIII. 28 ; III. 543.
Digital numeration, II. 8.
Digitalin, VI. 467.
Digitalis, poisonous, XIV. 586.
Digitigrada, in zoology, XIV. 108—struc¬
ture of, XVII. 704.
Digliggy Neur, VIII. 28.
Diglyph, in architecture, VIII. 28.
Digne, in France, VIII. 28.
Dignitary, VIII. 28.
Dignity, VIII. 28—of character, ib.
Digny, French town, VIII. 29.
Digon, French town, VIII. 29.
Du, VIII. 29.
Dijambus, in poetry, VIII. 30.
Dijon, in France, VIII. 30.
Dike, VIII. 30—in collieries, VII. 71—
construction of dikes for confining
water, XII. 15.
Dilapidation, in law, VIII. 30.
Dilatability, universally a property of
bodies, XX. 751.
Dilatation, in physics, VIII. 30.
Dilator, or speculum, XX. 822, n.
Dilemma, in logic, VIII. 30 ; XIII. 452.
Dill, XL 675.
Dillenburg, in Nassau, VIII. 30.
Dilleniaceas, in botany, V. 95.
Dillenius (John James), VIII. 30.
Dillingen, in Bavaria, VIII. 31.
Dillwyn (William), his opposition to the
slave-trade, XX. 384.
Dilophus, insect, IX. 264.
Dilute, VIII.'si.
Diluvium, VII. 702 ; XV. 221.
Dimache, ancient horsemen, VIII. 31.
Dimension, in geometry, VIII. 31.
Diminution, VIII. 31.
Diminutive, in grammar, VIII. 31.
Dimissory Letters, VIII. 31.
Dimitri Ivanovitch, XIX. 533.
Dimcerit^e, VIII. 31.
Dimotika, Turkish town, VIII. 31.
Dimsdale (Thomas), VIII. 31.
Dimyaires, mollusca, XV. 366.
Dinagepore, in Bengal, VIII. 32.
Dinan, in France, VIII. 32.
Dinant, in the Netherlands, VIII. 32.
Dinapoor, Hindu town, VIII. 32.
Dinarian Alps, II. 559.
Dinazzano, Italian town, VIII. 32.
Dindigul, in India, VIII. 32.
Dinding, island, VIII. 82.
Dinetus, insect, IX. 229.
Dingwall, towm in Ross-shire, VIII.
32—vitrified fort near, IX. 756.
Dinkelsbuhl, in Bavaria, VIII. 33.
Dinner, VIII. 33.
Dinocrates, architect, VIII. 33.
Dinostratus, geometer, X. 424—on the
squaring of the circle, XX. 553.
Dinslaken, in Westphalia, VIII. 33.
Dio of Syracuse, apparition said to have
been seen by, III. 297.
Dio Chrysostom, VIII. 33.
Diocese, VIII. 33.
Diocleia, VIII. 33.
Diodes of Carystus, II. 687 ; XX. 822.
 , mathematician, XIV. 315.
Diocletianus (C. V. J.), Roman em¬
peror, VIII. 33—his palace at Spala-
tro, II. 138—baths of, IV. 441—era
of, VI. 660—siege of Alexandria by,
VIII. 476—reign of, XIX. 413.
Dioctria, insect, IX. 268.
Diodati (John), VIII. 33—his French
Bible, IV. 617.
Diodatus, his blindness, IV. 700.
Dioderma, insect, IX. 176.
Diodon, fish, XII. 228.
 , one of the mammalia, XIV. 182.
Diodorus Siculus, VIII. 34—his ac¬
count of the Amazons, II. 588—on
Egyptian architecture, HI. 4 09—on
Egyptian history, VIII. 460.
Diogenes, the cynic, VIII. 34; VII.
574—on mysteries, XV. 673.
 of Apollonia, VIII. 34 ; II. 686.
 Laertius, VIII. 34 ; XIX. 779.
Diomedea, bird, XVI. 632.
Diomedes, king of iEtolia, VIII. 35—
character of, XVIII. 150.
Dion, VIII. 35 ; XVIII. 15, et seq*—
Dionysius, king of Syracuse, dethroned
by, XXI. 56.
 Cassius, historian, VIII. 35.
 , philosopher, death of, VIII. 475.
Dionis (Peter), VIII. 35—his anatomi¬
cal demonstrations, II. 698.
Dionix, insect, IX. 187.
Dionusus, VII. 692.
Dionysia, Greek solemnities, VIII. 35.
Dionysiaca, VIII. 35.
Dionysiacs of Ionia, III. 379.
Dionysian Period, VI. 9.
Dionysius L, VIII. 35 ; XXI. 55 ;
XVIII. 15, et seq.—his war with the
Carthaginians, VI. 185.
 II., VIII. ?5 ; XXL 56.
 Areopagita, an early Christian
convert, VIII. 36 ; XV. 674.
 , or Bacchus, IV. 272 ; XVI. 654
—mysteries of, XIV. 281 ; XV. 663.
 , geographer, VIII. 36.
  Halicarnassensis, VIII. 36;
XVII. 406, w. 2—notices of the works
of, III. 263-5; VI. 710.
 the Lesser, VIII. 36—his col¬
lection of canons and decretals, VI.
92—the Christian era first employed
by, 655.
 the Periegetic, X. 396.
Diophantine problems, in mathema¬
tics, VIII. 36.
Diophantus, VIII. 36—work of, I. 441
—his system, 591—on algebra, II. 421
translations of his work, ib.—his al¬
gebraic knowledge compared with that
of the ancient Hindus, 425—on geo¬
metrical analysis, XIV. 315.
Diopithes, Athenian governor, his inva¬
sion of Macedon, XIII. 628.
Dioptase, a mineral, VIII. 36; XV. 146.
Diopter, or Dioptra, VIII. 36.
Dioptrics, VIII. 36 ; XVI. 382.
Dioscorides, physician, VIII. 36—on
sal-ammoniac, II. 660.
Dioscorinese, in botany, V. 134.
Dioscuria, ancient festival, VIII. 36.
Diosmese, in botany, V. 104.
Diosopolis, or Thebes, in ancient Egypt,
XXL 199. See Thebes.
Dioszeg, town in Hungary, VIII. 36.
Diotimd, XX. 440.
Dip of strata, VII. 72—of the magnetic
needle, XIII. 606,730,742—dipping-
needles, 767, et seq.; VIII. 38.
Diphthong, in grammar, VIII. 36.
Diphucephala, insects, IX. 159.
Diphyes, zoophytes, XXI. 1018.
Diploe, II. 741, 774, 775.
Diploma, VIII. 36.
Diplomatics, VIII. 36.
Diploprion, fish, XII. 168.
Diploptera, insects, IX. 230.
Diplostoma, in zoology, XIV. 137.
Dipondius, VIII. 38.
Dipping, in mining, VIII. 38.
Dipping-needle, VIII. 38; XIII. 767,
et seq.
Dippoldiswalde, in Saxony, VIII. 38.
Dipsacese, in botany, V. 116.
Dipsas. serpent, VHI. 38; XX. 141.
Diptera, an order of insects, VIII. 38;
IX. 60, 255.
Dipterocarpese, in botany, V. 100.
Dipterodon, fish, XII. 180.
Dipteros, in architecture, III. 466.
Diptotes, in grammar, VIII. 38.
Diptycha, VIII. 38.
Dipus, in zoology, XIV. 136.
Dipyre, in mineralogy, XV. 153—speci¬
fic gravity of, XII. 29.
Dir/e, in mythology, VIII. 39.
Dircaja, insect, IX. 166.
Direct, in arithmetic, VIII. 39.
Direction, VIII. 39.
Director, VIII. 39.
Diribitores, VIII. 39.
Dirigent, in geometry, VIII. 39.
Dis, VIII. 39.
Disability, in law, VIII. 39,
Disappointment (Islands of),VIII. 39.
Disc, VIII. 39—in botany, V. 42.
Disciple, VIII. 39.
Discipline, VIII. 39—Scotch Book of,
40 ; XIX. 735, 763.
Discoboli, in ichthyology, XII. 221.
Discobolus, statue of the, VIII. PI. 194.
Discomyza, insect, IX. 290.
Discorbis, in conchology, XV. 345.
Discord, VIII. 40 ; II. 122.
Discount, in commerce, VIII. 40.
Discrete proportion, VIII. 41.
 quantity, VIII. 41.
Discretion, VIII. 41,
Discussion, VIII. 41.
Discutients, in medicine, VIII. 41.
Disdiaclastic crystal, VIII. 41.
Disdiapason, in music, VIII. 41.
Disease, VIII. 41; XVII. 121, 476—its
influence on the mind, VIII. 441—
effects of electricity on, VIII. 640—
—simulated diseases, XIV. 495—de¬
finitions of, XVII. 123—proximate
causes of, ib.—organic causes, 125—
functional or dynamic causes, 130—
distinction of organic and dynamic,
XVII. 481, 497—treatment of diseases
of the domestic animals, XXI. 612.
See Pathology, Physic (Practice of).
Medicine, Medical Jurisprudence,
Surgery, Health.
Disembogue, VIII. 41.
Disfranchizing, VIII, 41.
Disguise, VIII. 41.
Dish, VIII. 41.
Dishley breed of sheep, II. 329.
Disjunctive, VIII. 41.
Dislocation, VIII. 41 ; XVII. 129—
surgical treatment of, XX. 836.
Disna, in Russia, VIII. 41.
Dispart, in gunnery, VIII. 41.
Dispatch, VIII. 42.
Dispauper, VIII. 42.
Dispensary, VIII. 42—London dispen¬
saries, XIII. 517.
Dispersion, VIII. 42—of light, ib.;
XVI. 408—point of, VIII. 4 2—of
mankind, ib.
Displayed, in heraldry, VIII. 43.
Dispondee, VIII. 43.
Disquisition, VIII. 43.
Diss, a town in Norfolk, VIII. 43.
Dissection, in anatomy, VIII. 43.
Disseisin, in law, VIII. 43.
Dissenters, VIII. 43—in England, VIII.
789—in Scotland, XIX. 764—their
petition in 1772 for relief, V. 395,
396—their attempts in 1787, 1790,
and 1791, to get the corporation and
test acts repealed, V. 443, 457, 459—
Earl Stanhope’s bill in 1789 for their
relief, 455—repeal of the above-men¬
tioned acts, 573.
Dissepiments, in botany, V. 45, 47.
Dissidents, VIII. 43.
Dissimulation, VIII. 43.
Dissipation, VIII. 43.
Dissolvent, VIII. 43.
Dissolution, VIII. 43.
Dissonance. See Discord.
Dissyllable, VIII. 43.
Distaff, VIII. 43; XX. 536.
Distance, VIII. 43—accessible and in¬
accessible, ib.—of the heavenly bodies,
ib.—mensuration of distances, XIV.
563; by sound, II. Ill—perception
of, XIV. 611.
Distaste, VIII. 43.
Distemper, VIII. 43. See Disease.
Distension, VIII. 43.
Disthene, or kyanite, electrical pro¬
perties of, VIII. 578. See Kyanite.
Distich, VIII. 43.
Distichiasis, VIII. 43.
Distichocera, insect, IX. 179.
Distichophoridae, zoophytes, XXI. 1022.
Distillation, VIII. 44—from potatoes,
XVI. 267—in vacuo, XX. 576—by
steam, 608 — in Clackmannanshire,
VI. 721—in America, XXI. 465.
Distinction, in logic, VIII. 53.
Distoma, in zoophytes, XXI. 996.
Distortion, in medicine, VIII. 53.
52
INDEX,
DIS—DOC
Distress, YIII. 53—pleasure from, ib.
 , in law, YIII. 55.
Distribution, YIII. 56—geographical
distribution of animals, XVII. 549 ;
III. 161; II. 652.
District, in geography, VIII. 56.
Distringas, VIII. 56—juratores, ib.
Distylo, in architecture, III. 466.
Ditch, VIII. 56—in fortification, ib.—
IX. 772.
Dithyrambus, VIII. 56.
Ditomus, insect, IX. 120.
Ditone, in music, VIII. 56.
Ditriglyph, III. 466.
Ditrihedria, VIII. 56.
Ditteah, Hindu town, VIII. 56; V. 704.
Dittfurt, in Saxony, VIII. 56.
Ditto, VIII. 56.
Ditton (Humphry), VIII. 56.
Diu, in Hindustan, VIII. 57.
Diurna, insects, IX. 240.
Dival, in heraldry, VIII. 57.
Divalia, Roman feast, VIII. 57.
Divan, VIII. 57.
Divandcrow, islands, VIII. 57.
Divergent, VIII. 57—rays, ib.
Divers, birds, XVI. 629. ' See Diving.
Diversifying, VIII. 57.
Diversion, in war, VIII. 57.
Divesting, VIII. 57.
Divi-divi, XXI. 77.
Divination, VIII. 57 ; XIV. 579; IV.
191, 257—Roman, III. 257—by mir¬
rors, VI. 249 — among the Druids,
VIII. 209—in ancient Athens, XX.
456—Sortilege, 482.
Divine, VIII. 58.
Divine right of kings, V. 632.
Diving, VIII. 59—for pearls in Ceylon,
VI. 301. See Pearl.
Diving-bell, VIII. 63.
Divinity, VIII. 70. See God.
Divisibility, VIII. 70.
Division, VIII. 71—in algebra, II. 429,
433—in arithmetic. III. 547—of vul¬
gar fractions, 559—of decimals, 561,
562, 565—by Napier’s Rods, XV. 693.
 of labour. See Labour.
Divitiaticus the iEduan, VIII. 205.
Divodasa, V. 636.
Divorce, VIII. 7]*-in Arabia, III. 335
—Milton on, XV. 93, note.
Divus and Diva, VIII. 73.
Dixa, insect, IX. 262.
Dixan, Abyssinian town, II. 55.
Dixmuyden, VIII. 73.
Dixon (Jeremiah), IX. 549.
Dizier, French city, VIII. 73.
Djerash, ruins of, XVI. 745.
Djezzar Pasha. VIII. 490 ; XVI. 741,
759; XXI. 64.
Djidda, commerce of, III. 337.
Djirdjeh, VIII. 544.
Djizeh, pyramids at, VIII. 547.
Dlugosz, Polish writer, XVIII. 213.
Dmitri, XIX. 537.
Dnieper, river, IV. 660 ; XIX. 564.
Dniester, river, XIX. 564; IV. 660.
Do, in music, VIII. 73.
i>OAB, VIII. 73; II. 249.
DOABEH BARRY, VIII. 73.
Dobberan, VIII. 74.
Dobchick, bird, XVI. 629.
Dobenatis, IX. 378.
Dobereiner, his discovery of a property
of platinum, XXI. 679.
Dobrushka, in Bohemia, VIII. 74.
Dobschau, in Hungary, VIII. 74.
Dobson (Dr), on evaporation, IX. 428.
 (William), painter, VIII. 74.
Dobuni, VIII. 74.
Doce, river, XVIII. 458.
Docetab, religious sect, VIII. 74.
Docimasia, VIII. 74.
Docimastic art, VIII. 74.
Docimenum Marmor, VIII. 74.
Dock, VIII. 74, 75—docks of Liver¬
pool, XIII. 389 —of London, 493;
XV. 61. See Portsmouth, &c.
Dock-yards, VIII. 78. See Dry Rot.
Doctor, VIII. 88, 89—degree of, XXL
487, 490,498, 504.
Document, in law, VIII. 89.
DOD—DOM
Dodart’s theory of voice, XVII. 683.
Dodd (Ralph), on dry rot, VIII. 227.
—— (Dr Wm.), VHI. 89 ; XII. 598.
Doddridge (Philip), D.D., VIII. 89.
Dodecagon, VIII. 89.
Dodecahedron, VIII. 89.
Dodecastyle, in architecture, III. 466.
Dodington (Bubb), VII. 542.
Dodo, bird, XVI. 616.
Dodona, town in Epirus, VIII. 89.
Dodonian, VIII. 90.
Dodonides, VIII. 90.
Dodrans, VIII. 90.
Dodsley (Robert), VHI. 90—his An¬
nual Register, V. 713.
Dodson (James), his paper on bills of
mortality, XV. 515.
Dodwell (Henry), VIII. 90—on bap¬
tism, IV. 355—Dr Samuel Clarke’s
Letter to, VI. 729.
Dofar, Arabian seaport, VIII. 90.
Dofary, Arabian town, VIII. 90.
Dofrines, IX. 407.
Dog, XIV. 112 ; XI. 697—structure of,
XVII. 704—African, II. 228—“ worm”
of tongue of, III. 27—vocal organs,
28 — venerated by the Egyptians,
277—wild Asiatic, 682—instance of
presentiment in a, V. 617—memory
of, XIV. 618—bite of mad dog poison¬
ous, 507—sporting dogs, XX. 309—
pointers and setters, ib.—spaniel, 311
—retrievers, ib.—question as to the
descent of all dogs from one common
stock, 309—breaking of, 311—their
sense of smell, 404—peritonitis in,
XXI. 625—hydrophobia, 633. See
Hound, Veterinary Science.
Dog-language, XI. 755; XX. 311.
Dog-days, VI. 81.
Dog-fish, XII. 233.
Dog Island, VIII. 90.
Doge, VIII. 90.
Dogger and Doggers, VIII. 91.
Dogma, VIII. 91.
Dogmatical, VIII. 91.
Dogmatists, VIII. 91.
Dogmell (St), Welsh town, VIII. 91.
Doho, Hindu town, VIII. 91.
Doig (David), VIII. 91.
Dolabella, mollusca, XV. 362.
Dolaii, Hindu town, VIII. 93.
Dolci (Carlo), painter, VIII. 93.
Dole, VIII. 94.
Doliah, Hindu town, VIII. 94.
Dolichopodes, insects, IX. 276.
Dolichopus, insect, IX. 277.
Dolichurus, insect, IX. 229.
Dolium, in conchology, XV. 34 7.
Dollar, coin, VIII. 94.
Dollond (John),VIII. 94 ; I. 633—his
achromatic glasses, 634 ; II. 101;
XVI. 362—his variation transit, and
diurnal variation instrument, XIII.
767—his double-image micrometer,
XV. 14—his eye-glasses of telescopes,
XXI. 162, 168.
  (Peter), VIII. 95—his achro¬
matic glasses, II. 103.
  (George), his spherical crystal,
micrometer, XV. 19.
Dolomedes, arachnides, III. 362.
Dolomieu (Deodatus &c. de), VIII. 95.
Dolomite, a mineral, XV. 141—sp. gr.
of, XII. 29—Tennanv on the, XXI. 180.
Dolorskoi, VIII. 98.
Dolphin, XII. 187; XIV. 174.
 Islands, VIII. 98.
 of the mast, VIII. 98.
Dolschy, in Wallachia, VIII. 98.
Dom, or don, VIII. 98.
Dom and Som, VIII. 98.
Domat (John), VIII. 98.
Dombey, botanist, V. 82.
Dome, VIII. 98 ; IIL 466—of Church of
San Vitale at Ravenna, 260—invented
by the Etrurians, 379—of Church of
St Sophia at Constantinople, 380—
construction of, 388—equilibrium of,
389—of St Paul’s, London, 388, 389
—of St Peter’s, Rome, 391, 426, 457
—best form of, 391—of cathedral
at Florence, 424—the boast of Italian
DOM—DOR
architecture, 426 — of the Farnese
Palace, Rome, ib., 457—its beauty
considered, 457—construction of wood¬
en domes, XIX. 456.
Dome, or doom, VIII. 98.
Domea, in Tungquin, VIII. 98.
Domenichino, (Lampieri), Italian pain¬
ter, VIII. 98 ; XVI. 720.
Domergue, VIII. 502.
Domery (Charles), voracity of, VIII. 23.
Domesday book, VIII. 99—King Al¬
fred’s, II. 419.
Domestic, VIII. 100—pleasures, ib.—
affections, III. 261.
Domfront, in France, VIII. 101.
Domicile, in Scotch law, VIII. 101.
Domifying, VIII. 101.
Dominant, VIII. 101.
Domination, in theology, VIII. 101.
Domingo (St), VIII. 102 ; II. 648—army
of, III. 616—abandoned by the British
in 1798, V. 486—French invasion of,
in 1801, 512—buccaneers of, 620—
length of the pendulum in, VII. 199.
Dominic de Guzman, VIII. 107.
Dominica, VIII. 107, 108.
Dominical, VIII. 108.
 letter, VIII. 108 ; VI. 8.
Dominicans, religious order, VIII. 108
—origin of the, XII. 285.
Dominis (Mark Antony de), VIII. 108—
on the rainbow, I. 510 ; XVI. 354.
Dominium directum, VIII. 108.
Dominus, VIII. 108.
Domitian, reign of, XIX. 406.
Domo d’Ossolo, VIII. 108.
Domus, Hindu town, VIII. 109.
Don, Russian river, VIII. 109 ; XIX.
564—Scotch river, VIII. 109 ; II. 29.
Don Kossacks (land of), VIII. 109.
Donabew, V. 567.
Donacia, insects, IX. 181.
Donald, king of Scotland, XIX. 702.
Donaldson (Walter), VIII. 109.
 on Scotch husbandry, II. 261.
Donaldson’s Hospital, VIII. 425.
Donaldsonville, Louisiana, XIII. 573.
Donaria, VIII. 110.
Donat (Jerome), V. 17.
Donatello, his sculptui’e, XX. 8.
Donation, VIII. 110.
Donatists, VIII. 110 ; II. 580.
Donative, VIII. 110.
Donato, Italian town, VIII. 110.
Donatory, in law, VIII. 110.
Donatus (iElius), VIII. 110.
Donaueschingen, VIII. 110.
Donawerth, in Bavaria, VIII. 110.
Donax, in conchology, XV. 342.
Doncaster, in Yorkshire, VIII. no.
Dondour, temple of, XVI. 297.
Dondrahead, in Ceylon, VIII. 111.
Donegal, Irish county, VIII. 111.
Dongola, Nubian town, VIII. 114.
Doni (G. B.), on melody, XV. 619.
Donkaw, in Russia, VIII. 114.
Donkin (Mr), his invention of printing-
rollers, XVIII. 562.
Donne (Dr John), VIII. 115.
Donnington, in Lincoln, VIII. 115.
Donnington Wood Canal, XVI. 12.
Donnybrook fair, VIII. 236.
Donovan on birds, XVI. 551.
Donskaia, in Russia, VIII. 115.
Doomsday Book. See Domesday.
Doonah, Hindu town, VIII. 115.
Doondeakera, Hindu town, VIII. 115.
Doornick. See Tournai.
Doors, in architecture, III.-462 in
joinery, V. 689—hinging of, XII. 614.
Doorydroog, VIII. 115.
Dooryghaut, VIII. 115.
Dooshak, VIII. 115; XX. 79.
Dooshee, XI. 710.
Dor, VIII. 115.
Doracerus, insect, IX, 178.
Dorado, constellation, VIII. 115.
Dorak, Persian town, VIII. 115.
Doran, Arabian town, VIII. 115.
Doras, fish, XII. 202.
Dorat, French town, VIII. 115.
 (John), VII. 634.
Dorcadion, insect, IX. 180.
DOR—DOV
Dorchester, VIII. 115, 292.
Dordogne, in France, VIII. 116.
Dorfel on the cometary orbits, VII. 137.
Dorheim, in Hesse Cassel, VIII. 116.
Doria (Andrew), VIII. 116—his expedi¬
tion against Algiers, II. 506.
Dorians, VIII. 116.
Doric, VIII. 118.
 order of architecture, III. 4 71,
et seq.—its origin, 415—Roman, 418,
443, 449-modern Italian, 425, 451—
Greek, 434, 437—remarks on, 460.
 DIALECT, VIII. 118 ; XVII. 404.
 MODE, in music, VIII. 118.
Doridium, molluseum, XV. 363.
Doring, or Daring, VIII. 118.
Doris, molluscum, XV. 359.
Dorking, town in Surrey, VIII. 118.
Dormans, French city, VIII. 118.
Dormant, in heraldry, VIII. 118.
Dormer, in architecture, VIII. 118.
Dormitory, VIII. 118.
Dormouse, XIV. 132—its hybernation,
III. 167.
Dornberg, VIII. 118.
Dornbirn, in the Tyrol, VIII. 118.
Dornoch, VIII. 118 ; XXI. 11, 12.
 Firth, VIII. 119.
Dorobat, Arabian town, VIII. 119.
Dorogobush, VIII. 119.
Dorpat, in Livonia, VIII. 119.
Dorrego (Don Manuel), V. 660.
Dorsal vertebrae, II. 761—muscles, 793.
Dorse, fish, XII. 218.
Dorsetshire, VIII. 119—fisheries of,
IX. 603—great oak in, XXI. 294.
Dorsibranchia, worms, XI. 219.
Dorsiferous plants, VIII. 121.
Dort, in Holland, VIII. 121—synod of,
III. 577 ; XI. 3 ; XVIII. 515.
Dorthes (Mr), on a swarm of ants at
Montpellier, III. 243.
Dortmund, in Westphalia, VIII. 121.
Dory, fish, XII. 188.
Dory Harbour, VIII. 121.
Dorycera, insect, IX. 289.
Dorylus, insect, IX. 228.
Doryphora, insects, IX. 183.
Doryphori, VIII. 121.
Doryphorus, reptile, XIX. 142.
Dositheans, YIII. 121.
Dosser, VIII. 122.
Dotis, town in Hungary, VIII. 122.
Dotterel, bird, XVI. 617—shooting of,
XX. 307.
Douay, VIII. 122—Bible, IV. 618.
Double, VIII. 122—Employment, ib.
—Fichy or Fiche, 123—Octave, ib.—
Entry, IV. 790.
Doublers, electrical, VIII. 652.
Doublet, VIII. 123—lenses, XV. 33.
Doublets, a game, VIII. 123.
Doubling, VIII. 124.
Doubloon, VIII. 124; XV. 408.
Doubs, in France, VIII. 124.
Doubtful Island, VIII. 124.
Doubting, VIII. 124. See Sceptics.
Doudeville, VIII. 124.
Doudpoor, Hindu town, VIII. 124.
Douparra, Hindu town, VIII. 124.
Douglas (Gavin), VIII. 124—on Cax-
ton’s translation of Virgil, IV. 626.
  (Earls of), XIX. 713, 724.
 , Scotch town, VIII. 129.
 , town in the Isle of Man, VIII.
129 ; XIV. 209.
Douleia, VIII. 130.
Doulens, in France, VIII. 130.
Doune, in Perthshire, VIII. 130.
Dour, VIII. 130.
Dourdan, French town, VIII. 130.
Douro, river, VIII. 254 ; XX. 516.
Douw (Gerhard), painter, VIII. 130.
Dovan, river, VI. 720.
Dove. See Pigeon.
 river, VII. 735 ; XX. 558—Dovo
and Dearne Canal, XVI. 11.
• Island, VIII. 130.
Dove-colour, dyeing of, VIII. 343.
Dovedale, X. 331.
Dove-tailing, VIII. 130.
INDEX.
53
DOV—DUE
Dover, in Kent, "VIII. 130—scouring
of the harbour of, 194.
 , in Delaware, VIII. 131.
 , in New Hampshire, XVI. 165.
•  Straits, VIII. 130—Blanchard’s
aerial voyage across, II. 189.
Dowager, VIII. 131.
Dowdal (Archbishop), XII. 363.
Dowelling, in joinery, V. 687.
Dower, VIII. 131.
Dowletabad, VIII. 131.
Down, Irish county, VIII. 131.
 of birds, VIII. 134—eider, 561.
•  of plants, XI. 108.
Downham, in Norfolk, VIII. 134.
Downie, African town,. VIII. 134.
   (David), V. 476.
Downpatrick, VIII. 134—abbey of, 133
—Struel Wells near, ib.
Downs, VIII. 134.
Downton, town in Wilts, VIII. 134.
Dowry, VIII. 134.
D’Oyly’s Letters to Sir William Drum¬
mond, VIII. 215.
Doxoeogy, VIII. 134.
Drab, dyeing of, VIII. 343.
Drabeer, VIII. 134.
Drabs, VIII. 134.
Drachm, VIII. 134; XIV. 469.
Draco, Athenian law-giver, VIII. 135;
IV. 143, 165.
 , constellation, VIII. 135.
 , reptile, XIX. 143 ; XVII. 714.
Draconarics, VIII. 135.
Dracontic month, VIII. 135.
Dragoman, VIII. 135.
Dragon, reptile, XIX. 143 — structure
of, XVII. 714.
Dragon’s blood, sp. gr. of, XII. 29.
 Head and Tail, VIII. 135.
Dragonet, fish, XII. 194.
Dragon-fly, IX. 210—lives after decapi¬
tation, III. 164.
Dragonnee, VIII. 135.
Dragoon. See Cavalry.
Dragoon-horses, XI. 593.
Dragooning, VIII. 135.
Draguignan, VIII. 135.
Drains, VIII. 135—of farms, II. 306—
of towns, XIV. 512 ; building of, V.
670—aqueduct drains, XXI. 792.
Draining, VIII. 136—in Cambridge¬
shire, VI. 34—does not raise the
temperature of a country, 764—of
collieries, VII. 76, 81—its relation
to irrigation, XII. 445—Mr Smith of
Deanston’s thorough draining, XX.
730—tile-draining, 731.
Drake (Sir Francis), English admiral,
VIII. 142 ; IV. 262—his expedition
to Cadiz, VIII. 757.
 (N.), on Shakspeare, VIII. '163.
Drama, VIII. 143—-Chinese, VI. 558,
570—Greek, XX. 185, 447—Italian,
II. 417 — Peruvian, 627 —Spanish,
XVIII. 163; XX. 522—Aristotle on
dramatic poetry, III. 518 — stage-
dances, VII. 614. See Comedy, Tra¬
gedy, Theatre.
Drambcrg, VIII. 179.
Drammen, in Norway, VIII. 179.
Dran (Henri-Franqois le), French sur¬
geon, VIII. 179 ; XX. 829.
Draper (Dr), of New York, on magneto¬
electricity, XXI. 694.
Drapetis, insect, IX. 270.
Dras, river, VII. 623.
Drassus, genus of arachnides. III. 359.
Drastic medicines, VIII. 180—gum-
resins, VI. 491.
Drave, river, VIII. 180.
Drawback, VIII. 180.
Drawing, VIII. 180—by the camera lu-
eida, VI. 36—of miniatures, XV. 268
—drawings for joinery, XII. 606.
Draw-loom, XXI. 828.
Dray, VIII. 185.
Drayton (Michael), VIII. 185.
Dreams, VIII. 186; XVII. 459, 674,
681; III. 307—of the blind, IV. 699-
interpretation of, XVI. 340.
Drebell (Cornelius), his thermometer,
IV. 392—his submarine vessel, VIII.
DUE—DRY
63—his discovery of the mode of dye¬
ing scarlet, VIII. 297.
Dredge (Mr), his scheme for a suspen¬
sion-bridge, XXI. 8.
Dredging, VIII. 193.
Drelincourt (Charles), VIII. 197.
  , anatomist, II. 699.
Drenthe, VIII. 198.
Dresden, VIII. 198—Napoleon at, X.
163—royal library at, XIII. 312—its
suburbs burnt by the Prussians,
XVIII. 677.
Dress. See Clothing.
Dreux, in France, VIII. 198.
Drevet (Peter), VIII. 198.
Dreyer (Matthew), his works on anony¬
mous books, IV. 627.
Driesen, Prussian city, VIII. 198.
Driffield, in Yorkshire, VIII. 198 —
navigation, XVI. 12.
Drift, VIII. 198—sail, ib.—wood, ib.
Drill, in mechanics, VIII. 198.
Drill-machines in farming, II. 267—
sowing with, 280, 286.
Drilling of soldiers, VIII. 198.
Drink, VIII. 198 ; XVII. 625.
Drinking, process of, XVIII. 125.
Dripstone, in architecture, III. 466.
Drissa, in Russia, VIII. 198.
Driving, VIII. 199.
Drogheda, VIII. 199—ancient monu¬
ment at New Grange, near, III. 414—
taken by Cromwell, XII. 371.
Drohicyn, in Russia, VIII. 200.
Drohobicz, in Galicia, VIII. 200.
Droitwich, VIII. 200—canal, XVI. 12
■—salt-manufacture, XXI. 939.
Dromas, bird, XVI. 620.
Drome, in France, VIII. 200.
Dromecius, bird, XVI. 616.
Dromedary, species of camel, XIV. 157
—Asiatic, III. 682.
Dromius, insect, IX. 116.
Dromore, Irish town, VIII. 200.
Drone, VIII. 200. See Bee.
Dronero, Italian city, VIII. 200.
Dronfield, in Derbyshire, VIII. 200.
Drongo, bird, XVI. 571.
Drontheim, in Norway, VIII. 200.
Drop-measurer (Brewster’s), XII. 25.
Drops, form of, XII. 51.
 in architecture, III. 467.
Dropsy, VIII. 201 ; XVII. 127, 488—
state of urine in, VI. 501—in cattle,
XXI. 625.
Droseraceas, in botany, V. 98.
Drosometer, XIV. 743.
Drosophila, insect, IX. 290.
Drososcope, VH. 749.
Drossen, Prussian city, VIII. 201.
Drowning, VIII. 201 — death from,
XIV. 498—Royal Humane Society of
London, XIII. 518.
Drug-shops, police of, XIV. 508.
Drugs, Mexican, XIV. 801. See Phar¬
macy.
Drugget, VIII. 203.
Druid®, or Droium, VIII. 203.
Druids, VIII. 203—in Anglesey, III.
132—British, V. 295, 296, 299—Cel¬
tic, VI. 277—severities of the Romans
against them, XIX. 403.
Drum, VIII. 210 — kettle-drum, ib.;
XV. 617—bass-drum, VIII. 210.
Drums, fish, XII. 176.
Drummond (Alex.), his lectures on the
civil law% VII. 545, n. 3.
  (Dr James), on the generation
of intestinal worms, XXL 993, n. 1.
 (William), poet, VIII. 210.
 (Sir William), VIII. 214.
 light, XX. 28 ; XXI. 362.
Drumore, battle of, V. 362.
Drunkenness, VIII. 216—effects of, 24.
See Intoxication.
Drupe, in botany, V. 48.
Drury-Lane Theatre, XIII. 533 ; XXI.
193-4—roof of, VL 169.
Druses, VIII. 217 ; XVI. 748 ; XXL
62, 63, 64, 65.
Drusius (John), VIII. 220.
Drusus, German expedition of, X. 476.
 (Livius), XIX. 392.
DRY—DUK
Dryades, nymphs, VIII. 221.
Dryander (Jonas), VIII. 221; V. 84.
Dryburgh abbey, IV. 599.
Dryden (John), VIII. 222 ; IX. 42—
on the haughtiness of Hobbes, I. 322
—on heroic plays, VIII. 171—his con¬
fession of indecency in his dramatic
works, 173—poetry of, XVIII. 171—
on Shakspeare, XX. 171.
Drying by steam, XX. 607.
Drylus, insect, IX. 144.
Drymeia, insect, IX. 284.
Dryomyza, insect, IX. 285.
Dryophis, serpent, XX. 140.
Dryopthorus, insect, IX. 174.
Dry rot, VIII. 226 ; XVI. 47—in ships,
VIII. 77, 78; XX. 273—means of pre¬
venting it, 274.
Dschaulan, XVI. 746.
Dsjabbe Tar, island, VIII. 233.
Dsjabbel, island, VIII. 233.
Dsjar, Arabian port, VIII. 233.
Dsjebi, Arabian town, VIII. 233.
Dsjezzar. See Djezzar.
Dsjobla, Arabian town, VIII. 233.
Dsjof, Arabian province, VIII. 233.
Duaren (Francis), XIX. 778, note.
Dublin, VIII. 233—Royal Irish aca¬
demy, II. 73—bridge built by Mr Ste¬
ven, VI. 290, n. 1—university, XII.
365; XXI. 522, 506—Trinity College
library, XIII. 30 4—Grand Canal, XVI.
22—Royal Canal, 23—police, XVIII.
253—early printing at, 549.
Dubloon, VIII. 124; XV. 408.
Dubno, in Russia, VIII. 248.
Dubot, Hindu town, VIII. 248.
Dubois (Jacques), anatomist, II. 694.
Dubos (Jean-Baptiste), VIII. 248.
Dubris, VIII. 248.
Ducaila, in Morocco, XV. 500.
Ducal, VIII. 249. See Duke.
Du Cange. See Cange.
Dugas, Greek historian. VIII. 249.
Ducat, VIII. 249; XV. 407, et seq.
Ducatoon, silver coin, VIII. 249.
Ducenarius, VIII. 249.
Ducentesima, VIII. 249.
Ducetius, II. 356.
Duchal (James), D.D., VIII. 249.
Duchenparah, VIII. 249.
Duchowtschina, VIII. 249.
Duchy, VIII. 249—court, 250.
Duck (Stephen), VIII. 250.
Ducks, XVI. 636,638—-their voice, III.
29—Chinese, VI. 580.
Duck-billed platypus, XIV. 145.
Duck-feet oars, XX. 687, 688.
Ducking, VIII. 250.
Duckinshahabazpoor, VIII. 250.
Duckup, VIII. 250.
Duckworth (Admiral), V. 524; XXI.
414, n. 1.
Duclos (Charles Pineau), VIII. 250.
Ducou6die’s hive, III. 284.
Duct, VIII. 251.
Ductility, VIII. 251; XX. 749, 752.
Ductolosse, in botany, V. 37, 138.
Dudley, VIII. 251—canal, XVI. 12.
 Lord Guildford, VIII. 752, 754.
 (Edmund), VIII. 251.
  (John) Duke of Northumber¬
land, VIII. 251.
 (Robert), Earl of L eicester, VIII.
758.
 (Sir Robert), Earl of Warwick,
VIII. 251.
Duel, VIII. 252 ; VI. 601, 616, 617—
with the sword, IX. 501.
Duero, river, VIII. 254 ; XX. 516.
Dufay (Mons.) on dyeing, VIII. 297—
cn electricity, 567 ; I. 617.
Duff’s group, VIII. 254.
Dugdale (Sir William), VIII. 254.
Dugong, in zoology, XIV. 170.
Duhalde. See Halde.
Duhamel. See Hamel.
Dulcinus, III. 293.
Dules, fish, XII. 169.
Duillius Nepos, VIII. 257 ; VI. 190.
Duisburg, Prussian city, VIII. 257.
Duke, VIII. 257.
Dukla, Austrian city, VIII. 257.
DUL—DUN
Dulong (Mons.) on the heat of elastic
fluids, XII. 119 ; XX. 485—on the
pyrometer, XVIII. 749, et seq ac¬
count of his experiments on the force
of steam, XX. 586.
Dulse, V. 138.
Dulverton, in Somerset, VIII. 257.
Dulwich college, II. 525.
Dumarsais (Cesar Chesnau), VIII. 258.
Dumb. See Deaf and Dumb.
Dumbarton, VIII. 258 ; XIX. 697.
Dumblane, in Perthshire, VIII. 260.
Dumbowitska, VIII. 261.
Dumeril, his classification of animals,
III. 177 ; XVII. 586—his division of
the works of nature, XV. 739—on li¬
zards, XIX. 140.
Dumfries, Scotch county, VIII. 261—
fisheries of, IX. 602—town, VIII. 262,
Dumont (Etienne), VIII. 264—Ben-
tham’s obligations to, I. 386.
  (John), VIII. 267.
Dumouriez (General), V. 465, 471 ; X.
66, etseq. ; XVI. 123, 124.
Dumpalis, in Celebes, VIII. 267.
Dun, or Burgh, VIII. 267.
Dun river navigation, XVI. 12.
Dun-faced breed of sheep, II. 330.
DUna, river, XIX. 566.
Dunaburg, in Russia, VIII. 268.
Dunadeer, vitrified fort at, IX. 755.
Dunal (Mons.), on the floral organs of
plants, V. 53, n.
Dunbar, VIII. 268—battle of, V. 335.
  (William), VIII. 268—charac¬
ter of his poetry, XVIII. 169.
 (Prof.), on Dr Hunter’s gram¬
matical views, X. 697, n. 2, 700.
Duncan (Adam, Lord Viscount), VIII.
275—his defeat of the Dutch at Cam-
perdown, V. 482 ; X. 107.
  (Charles), exploratory voyages
of, XVIII 220.
  (John), of Glasgow, his tam-
bouring-machine, VII. 407.
 (Mark), VI. 39, n. 1.
Duncan’s Sugar-Loaf, VIII. 279.
Dunchurch, in Warwick, VIII. 279.
Duncombe (William), VIII. 279.
Dundalk, VIII. 279 ; $111. 576.
Dundas (Henry), Viscount Melville,
VIII. 279—his measures relative to
the affairs of the East India Com¬
pany, V. 428, 429, 435, 442, 455, 470
—on the slave-trade, 461—his defence
of the expedition to Holland, 494—
his administration, 497—his defence
of the management of the French
war, 498 —charges of malversation
against him, 520—his trial, 521—his
services to the navy, VIII. 87.
Dundee, in Forfarshire, VIII. 280—
linen-manufacture of, XIII. 360.
 (James Graham, Viscount). See
Graham (James)..
Dunfermline, VIII. 281.
Dung, use and management of, in agri¬
culture, II. 299. See Manure.
Dungally, in Celebes, VIII. 282.
Dungannon, VIII. 282 ; XXI. 441.
Dungarvon, VIII. 282 —fishery and
trade of, XXI. 811.
Dungye, Hindu town, VIII. 282.
Dunipace, hills of, VI. 177.
Dunkeld, VIII. 286—bridge at, V. 283
—cathedral of, VIII. 126—larch-tim¬
ber at, XXI. 296.
Dunkirk, VIII. 282—sold by Charles
II. to France, V. 343; XI. 769.
Dunleary, VIII. 234.
Dunlin, bird, XVI. 623.
Dunlop cheese, VII. 591.
Dunmow (Great), VIII. 283.
Dunn’s improved Atwood’s machine,
XIV. 453—air-pump, XVIII. 94, n.
Dunning (John), Lord Ashburton, VIII.
283—his motion in Parliament on the
influence of the Crown, V. 410.
Dunnose, XXI. 355-6.
Dunnotar Castle, XII. 722.
Duns (John), Scotus, VIII. 283—doc¬
trines of, I. 309, 418.
Dunse, in Berwickshire, VIII. 284.
54
INDEX
DUN—DYE
Dunstable, VIII. 284.
Dunstan (St), VIII. 284, 703-5.
Dunster, in Somerset, VIII. 285.
Dunsterville’sbmoh.-machinery, IV. 704.
Dunum, VIII. 285.
Ddnwich, in Suffolk, VIII. 285.
Duodenum, anatomy of the, II. 815.
Duperrey (Monsieur), on the magnetic
equator, XIII. 743, 751.
Dupin (Louis Ellies), VIII. 285.
 (Charles), on the military cha¬
racter of the English, III. 621—on
their artillery, 632, 633; dockyards,
VIII. 80 ; and navy, XVI. 54, 55—
on Napoleon’s Code Civil, XIII. 184
—on the hogging of ships, XX. 286.
Dupinascha, in Turkey, VIII. 285.
Duple, VIII. 285.
Duplicate, VIII. 285.
Duplication, VIII. 286.
Duplicature, VIII. 286.
Dupondius, VIII. 286; XIV. 474.
Duppa (Brian), VIII. 286.
Duppau, Bohemian town, VIII. 286.
Dupuis (Mons.), his mission to Ashantee,
III. 667.
 (Charles Francis), VIII. 286.
Dupuytren on erectile tissue, II. 725.
Duquella, VIII. 287.
Dura mater, II. 811; III. 32.
Duradsch, VIII. 287.
Durakah, island, VIII. 287.
Durandus (William), VIII. 287.
Durango, Spanish town, VIII. 287.
 , in Mexico, VIII. 287; XIV. 817.
Duration, VIII. 288. See Time.
Durbungah, Hindu town, VIII. 288.
Durckheim on insects, IX. 75, 96.
Duren, in Prussia, VIII. 288.
Durer (Albert), VIII. 288—his etch¬
ings, IX. 45—his merits as a pain¬
ter, XVI. 721—his improvements in
wood-engraving, XXI. 917.
Duresse, in law, VIII. 289.
D’Urfey (Thomas), VIII. 289.
Durham, English county, VIII. 289—
fisheries of, IX. 602.
 ; city, VIII. 291—university of,
XXI. 507.
Durkheim, in Bavaria, VIII. 291.
Durlach, in Bf&en, VIII. 291.
Durochskoi, VIII. 291.
Duron, island, VIII. 291.
Durotriges, VIII. 291.
Durour’s Island, VIII. 292.
Durrajah, Hindu town, VIII. 292.
Durrampoor, VIII. 292.
Duhrenstein, VIII. 292.
Dursley, VIII. 292.
Dury (John), VIII. 292.
Dusky Bay, VIII. 292.
Dussara, Hindu town, VIII. 292.
Dussaulx (John), VIII. 292.
Dusseldorf, VIII. 292.
Dust, unwholesome, XIV. 510.
 , Persian river, VIII. 29 3.
Dust-ball in animals, XXI. 626.
Dutch. See Holland.
 geneva, VIII. 51.
 weight, XXI. 390.
Dutens (Louis), VIII. 293—on the an¬
tiquity of the arch, V. 269.
Dutour on the colours of thin plates,
XVI. 433, 451.
Dutrochet on the capillaries, II. 725—
on vegetable anatomy, III. 45, 50.
Dutteah, V. 704.
Duty, VIII. 293; XV. 459, et seq.~
the Economists on, VIII. 400. See
Ethics, Ethical Philosophy.
 , in commerce, VIII. 294 ; XXI.
115; VII. 562.
Duumviri, VIII. 294.
Duverney (Monsieur), his anatomical
discoveries, II. 700.
Dwal, in heraldry, VIII. 294.
Dwaraca, Hindu town, VIII. 294.
Dwarf, VIII. 294.
Dwina (Western), trade of, IV. 330.
 , river, XIX. 565 ; XXL 914.
Dycoteles, in zoology, XIV. 149.
Dydimus of Alexandria, IV. 700.
Dyeing, VIII. 295—Chinese skill in,
DYE—EAR
VI. 577—of fishing lines, III. 137—
of leather, XIII. 158—boiling of
liquids by steam, XX. 607. See Dye¬
stuff's.
Dyer (Sir James), VIII. 343.
   (John), VIII. 343—character of
his poetry, XVIII. 173.
Dyers, diseases of, XIV. 510.
Dye-stuffs, red, VIII. 306—yellow, 319
—blue, 325—black, 329—brown, 331
—of St Domingo, 107—imports of,
into the United Kingdom, 783 —
vegetable, VI. 483 -shell-fish, XV.
374. See Anotta, Cochineal, &c.
Dynames, VII. 273.
Dynamics, VIII. 344; I. 602-6. See
Motion, Statics.
Dynamometer, VIII. 388—of plough,
II. 267—of steam-engine, XX. 681.
Dynasty, VIII. 389.
Dynops, in zoology, XIV. 100.
Dyrrhachium, IX. 309—siege of, in 1033,
VII. 285—battle of, XIX. 397.
Dys.9e, goddesses, VIII. 389.
Dysart, town in Fife, VIII. 389.
Dyscrasy, VIII. 389.
Dysdera, genus of arachnides, III. 358.
Dysentery, a disease, VIII. 389 — in
sheep, XXL 626.
Dysorexy, VIII. 389.
Dyspepsy, VIII. 389.
Dyspnoea, VIII. 389.
Dytilus, insect, IX. 167.
Dytiscus, insect, IX. 134.
Dyvour, in Scotch law, VIII. 389.
Dziggithai, in zoology, XIV. 152.
E
E, letter of the alphabet, VIII. 389.
Eachard (Johnl, divine, VIII. 389.
 (Laurence), historian, VIII. 389.
Eadmerus, or Eadmer, VIII. 389.
Eagle, bird, XVI. 562—its power of
fasting, III. 167.
 , in heraldry, &c., VIII. 390—
orders of knighthood, ib.
 Island, VIII. 390.
Eagles, base Irish coin, VIII. 390.
Eagle-stone, II. 199.
Eaglet, VIII. 390.
Eaheinomawe, IV. 215.
Ealderman, Saxon title, VIII. 391.
Ealing, in Middlesex, VIII. 391.
Ealred, II. 365.
Ear, VIII. 391—muscles.of, II. 794—
anatomy of, XVII. 665, 800—compa¬
rative anatomy of, HI. 25—pain of,
in diving, VIII. 64—of fishes, XII.
158—of quadrupeds, XVH. 703 —
function of, 665—diseases of, in the
domestic animals, XXI. 636—musi¬
cal, VIII. 391; XV. 607. See Hearing.
Ear-trumpet, II. 118.
Ear-wax, II. 801.
Earing, sea term, VIII. 391.
Earl, British title, VIII. 391.
Earle (Bishop), his description of
sceptic, I. 51.
Earn, loch, XVII. 289—river, 290.
Earne, river and lough. See Erne.
Earnest, VIII. 391.
Earnshaw’s scapemeut, VI. 793.
Earth, VIII. 391—speculations as to its
internal structure, I. 675—its annual
motion round the sun, II. 32—disco¬
very of the nutation of its axis. III.
745—measurement of the, ib.; VII.
678, 199 ; I. 501, etseq. ; 557, et seq. ;
III. 752 ; V. 144—its motions. III.
756; XVII. 498—form, III. 758 ;
IX. 546; X. 404;-XV. 174; XVII. 498
—magnitude, III. 759 ; IX. 546 ; X.
393 ; XV7. 49 ; XVII. 498—nutation
of its axis. III. 7 68—motion of its
translation, 773—effects of its motion
on the appearances of the planets,
IV. 16—variations of its orbit, 58—
Mr Cavendish’s experiments to deter¬
mine its density, VI. 263—date of its
EAR—EBE
creation, VI. 656—final conflagration
of, VII. 211 — creation of, 454 —
its surface and general divisions, X.
407—its magnetism, XHI. 730—Has
its figure changed ? XV. 174—its den¬
sity, ib.; XVII. 499—temperature of
its surface, XV. 175; and of its in¬
terior, 176—its materials, 178—its
crust, 179, 277 ; XVII. 507—origin of
materials of crust, XV. 232—origin of
convulsive movements of crust, ib.—
changes of form of its surface, 237—
refrigeration of, 238—its equatorial
and jiolar diameters, 751—use of the
pendulum in determining its oblate¬
ness andderisity, XVII. 198, 217—its
position in the universe, 498 — its
surface, 499, et seq. See Figure of
the Earth, Globe.
Earths, in chemistry, VIII. 391; VI.
436—some kinds alimentary, VIII. 20.
Earthenware, manufacture of, XVIII.
437 ; in England, VIII. 779 ; in Staf¬
fordshire, XX. 558.
Earthquakes near JF.tna, II. 204—at
Antioch,III. 252, 253—in the Azores,
IV. 262 ; Chili, VI. 526 ; China, 573 ;
the Ionian Islands, XII. 340; Ja¬
maica, 497 ; Japan, 511; Lisbon, X.
598 ; Luzon, XIII. 604 ; Merida,
XIV. .593 ; Norway, XVI. 263—
Quito, XVIII. 797 ; Sparta, XX. 526 ;
Sumatra, 802—their connexion with
volcanoes, XV. 229—changes on sur¬
face of earth, produced by, XVII. 511
—account of the principal, ib.
Earth-worm, XI. 222—hermaphrodite
nature of, III. 158.
Earwash, river, VII. 735.
Ear-wax, II. 801.
Earwig, IX. 189—methods of destroying
it, XXI. 602.
Easel Pieces, VIII. 391.
Easing, sea term, VIII. 391.
Easingwold, in Yorkshire, VIII. 391.
East, VIII. 391—Island, ib.
East India Company, XI. 159, 412, et
seq. 441; XIII. 500—its encourage¬
ment of botany, V. 77, n. 2—its go¬
vernment of Ceylon, 299, 305—par¬
liamentary inquiry into its affairs in
1772, 396—subsequent proceedings,
397—charges against it, ib.—Mr Fox’s
bills relative to its affairs, 429—its
misgovernment in India, 429, 440—
Mr Pitt’s bills, 432, 434, 435—Mr
Francis’s bill, 441—dispute with Go¬
vernment in 1788 about the payment
of soldiers sent to India, 449—re¬
newal of its charter in 1793, 470—
Burmese war, 567 ; XI. 440—colo¬
nies under its dominion, VII. 125—
its mercantile character, XI. 459—
Hertford College, XL 283—exporta¬
tion of bullion by, XVIII. 263.
East India Docks, VIII. 76.
East Indies, commerce of, III. 701 ; X.
191—coins of, XV. 408,412—serpents
of, XX. 136—woods of, XXI. 299—
map of, vol. XII. Pi. CCCV1I-2.
a Eastbourne, in Sussex, VIII. 391.
Easter, VIII. 391; VI. 8—determina¬
tion of its date, 14—Easter term at
Oxford, XXI. 498.
 Island, VIII. 392 ; XVIII. 328
—peopling of, II. 633.
Eastland Company, VII. 182.
Easton, in Pennsylvania, VIII. 392.
Eastport, in Maine, VIII. 392.
Eastwick’s galvanic battery, XXI. 665.
Eating, instinctive, XII. 301.
Eaton. See Eton.
 (John), his visit to the Ladrone
Islands, XVIII. 317.
Eauze, French city, VIII. 392,
Eaves, in architecture, VIII. 392.
Eaves-droppers, VIII. 392.
Ebdomarius, or Hebdomarius, ecclesi¬
astical officer, VIII. 392.
Ebdome, festival, VIII. 392.
Ebenaceae, in botany, V. 119.
Eberbach, in Germany, VIII. 392.
Eberhard (John Augustus), VIII. 392.
EBE—EDE
Ebermanstadt, VIII. 393.
Ebern, in Bavaria, VIII. 393.
Ebersbach, in Saxony, VIII. 393.
Ebersberg, VIII. 393—battle of, X. 151
Ebersdorf, VIII. 393.
Ebesfalva, in Hungary, VIII. 393.
Ebher, Persian town, VIII. 393.
Ebingen, Bavarian city, VIII. 393.
Ebion, heretic, VIII. 393.
Ebionites, VIII. 394.
Ebn Jounis, astronomer, III. 735.
Ebony, VIII. 394—sp. gr. of, XII. 29.
Eboulement, III. 118.
Ebro, Spanish river, VIII. 394 ; III.
373; VI. 239; XX. 516.
Ebsamboul, temple of, XVI. 296.
Ebud^, islands, VIII. 394 ; XI. 202.
Ebullition. See Boiling.
Eburnea, in conohology, XV. 347.
Ecalesia, ancient festival, VIII. 395.
Ecastor, VIII. 395.
ECATEAiA, VIII. 395.
Ecatesia, Greek solemnity, VIII. 395.
Ecatombjeon, VIII. 395.
Ecavessade, VIII. 395.
Ecbatana, Median city, VIII. 395.
Eccentric of steam-engines,XX. 652,698.
Ecchellensis (Abraham), VIII. 395.
Eccles, in Lancashire, VIII. 395.
Ecclesal-Bierlow, VIII. 395.
Ecclesfield, in Yorkshire, VIII. 395.
Eccleshall, in Stafford, VIII. 396.
Ecclesiastes, Book of, VIII. 396.
Ecclesiastical, VIII. 396.
 History, summary of, XI. 486.
Ecclesiasticus, .Book of, VIII. 396.
Eccloo, city in Flanders, VIII. 396.
Eccoprotics, in Medicine, VIII. 396.
Ecdala, town in Bengal, VIII. 396.
Ecdici, VIII. 396.
Ecdysis, IX. 91.
Echallans, in Switzerland, VIII. 396.
Echape and Echaper, VIII. 396.
Echeneis, fisli, XII. 222.
Echidna, in zoology, XIV. 145.
Echimys, ih-zoology, XIV. 132.
EchinadES, islands, VIII. 396.
Echinate, or Echinated, VIII. 396.
Eehinides, zoophytes, XXL 1003.
Echinites, fossils, VIII. 396.
Echinococcus, zoophyte, XXI. 995.
Echinodermata, zoophytes, VIII. 396;
XXI. 999—structure of, XVII. 721.
Echinorhynchus, zoophyte, XXI. 997.
Echinus, in architecture, III. 466.
 , zoophyte, XXL 1003—structure
of, XVII. 722.
Echo, VIII. 396—cause of. II. Ill, 119.
Echometer, in music, VIII. 307.
Ecija, city in Spain, VIII. 397.
Eckius, or Echius (John), VIII. 397.
Eclectics, VIII. 397.
Eclipse, VIII. 398 — eclipses of the
moon, IV. 7—of the sun, IX. 12 —
number of, in a year, 11—of Jupiter’s
satellites, 32—tables for the calcula¬
tion of lunar, 72—projection of lunar,
86, 93—-elements for the projection of
solar, 90—eclipse of the sun in the
year 1748, XIII. 227.
 Islands, VIII. 398.
Ecliptic, VIII. 398 ; III. 765; X. 406—
its obliquity, III. 765.
Eclode, Hindu town, VIII. 398.
Eclogue, in poetry, VIII. 398.
Economists (French),VIII. 398; I. J83;
XVIII. 790.
Economy (Political). See Political.
Ecstasy, IX. 468.
Ecstatici, diviners, VIII. 410.
Ecthesis, VIII. 410.
Ecthlipsis, in prosody, VIII. 410.
Ectopistes, birds, XVI. 614.
Edam, island, VIII. 410.
Edambayanum, VIII. 410.
Edda, VIII. 410 ; XV. 683.
Eddy explained, XIV. 728.
Eddystone lighthouse, VIII. 411; XX.
16—erected by Smeaton, XX. 399.
Edelkrantz’s lamp, XIII. 43.
Eden, garden of, VIII. 411 ; XVII. 56.
 , river, VII. 536; IX. 543—its
navigation, XVI. 12.
INDEX
55
EDE—EDU
Eden (Sir F.j quoted, VII. 333, 334.
Edentata, in zoology, XIV. 141—their
bones, III. 3, et seq.—organs of smell,
21—ears, 26—intestines 37.
Edek, Hindu town, VIII. 411.
Edessa, in Macedonia, VIII. 411.
Edfou, IX. 375—temple of, III. 432—
antiquities at, VIII. 533.
Edgar, king of England, VIII. 704—his
fleet, XX. 214.
 , king of Scotland, XIX. 702.
 Atheling, VIII. 708, 713, 715.
Edgehill, battle of, V. 324.
Edgeworlh (R. Lovell), IV. 514—his
telegraph, XXI. 138.
 (Miss), her novels, XIX. 347.
Edgwake, in Middlesex, VIII. 411.
Edhiling, VIII. 411.
Edict, in law, VIII. 411.
Edinburgh, VIII. 411—works for sup¬
plying it with water, III. 321—Ar¬
thur’s Seat, 632—azimuth and altitude
circle in Observatory, IV. 109—ve¬
terinary school, 378—Bible Society,
620—Asylum for the Blind, 697—
botanical school, V. 83, 84—-North
Bridge, 271—Dean Bridge, 283—re¬
sistance to Episcopacy in 1637, 315—
siege of Castle in 1689, 361—anti-
Catholic disturbances in 1779, 412—
political prosecutions in 1793-4, 471,
476—Colleges of Physicians, Surgeons,
and Justice, VII. 69—publication of
the Edinburgh Review, 267—profes¬
sorship of civil law, 545—dairies, 589
—Deaf and Dumb Institution, 657—St
Bernard’s Well, X. 318—irrigated
meadows near, XII. 452—libraries in,
XIII. 300, et seq.—School of Arts,
XIV. 460 — erection of Infirmary,
XV. 420—Union Canal, XVI. 12—
newspapers, 168—school of painting,
728—Crawley spring, XVII. 527 ;
HI. 321; VIII. 427—society, XVIII.
49—early printing, 549, 554—dome
of the Register Office, XIX. 456 —
foundation of, 697—university, 765 ;
XXI. 518—Society of Antiquaries,
XX. 402—Royal Society, 434—pro¬
fessorship of the law of nature and
nations, 782-3—medical school, 830,
n. 4 ; 831.
Edinburghshire, VIII. 429.
Edingtonite, sp. gr. of, XII. 29.
Edmer, VIII. 389.
Edmonton, in Middlesex, VIII. 431.
Edmund, king of England, VIII. 703.
 Ironside, VIII. 707.
Edolius, bird, XVI. 571.
Edom, or Idumaja, VIII. 431.
Edred, king of England, VIII. 703.
Edrenos, VIII. 431.
Edriophthalma, Crustacea, VII. 502—
their nervous system, 498.
Edrisi, Arabian geographer, VIII. 431.
Education, VIII. 433—extent of the
subject, and different questions which
it involves, ib.—theory of the human
mind ; its importance in the doctrine
of, 434—qualities of mind to produc¬
tion of which itshouldbe directed, 438
—happinessits end, 439—instruments
and practical expedients of, ib.—phy¬
sical circumstances which operate op
the mind in the way of, 440—moral
circumstances which so operate, 445
—domestic, ib.—technical, 447—social,
449—political, 450—physical, XI. 95
—classical, XVIII. 451—its effects
used as an argument against free
agency, I. 269—study pf medicine
fitted to develope the intellect, 101
—cultivation of the domestic affec¬
tions, III. 261—utility of knowledge
of the civil law, 265 ; and of ancient
mythology, 267—culture of the ima¬
gination, ib.—effect of education on
taste, IV. 492—Brougham’s educa¬
tion bill in 1821, V. 551—its import¬
ance in a manufacturing country, VII.
415—the economists cn, VIII. 403—
study of natural history, IX. 60—
importance of association of ideas in,
h
EDU—EDW
XI. 628—promoted by the Jesuits,
XII. 554—views of Bacon, I. 38 ;
Locke, XIII. 408, n. 410; Milton,
XV. 90, 93 ; Dr Parr, XVII. 94 ;
Plato, XVIII. 39 ; Socrates, XX. 440
—schools as affecting health, XIV.
512. See Blind, Deaf and Dumb,
Universities—Education in Armagh,
III. 573—Austria, IV. 285—Bavaria,
461—Belgium, XVI. 124, 129—Bogo¬
ta, IV. 734—Bolivia, 753—Brazil, V.
205—Buenos Ayres, 654—Calcutta,
790—Carlow, VI. 144—Cavan, 257—
Chili, 536—Clare, 726—Colombia, VII.
92 — Connecticut, 264 — Constanti¬
nople, 271—Cork, 331—Crete, 465
—Denmark, 730—Donegal, VIII. 112
— Down, 132 — Dublin, 235, 242—
England, 789 ; XXI. 529 — Ferma¬
nagh, IX. 517 —France, X. 203—
Georgia, 470—Germany, 487—Glas¬
gow, 545—ancient Greece, XX. 452—
Hindustan, XI. 465—Hungary, 724—
Iceland, XII. 144—Illinois, 249—Ire¬
land, 380, 424 ; XXI. 529—Italy,
XII. 486—Jamaica, 504—Japan, 516
— St John’s, 594—Kentucky, 699—
Kerry, 703—Kildare, 712—Kilkenny,
715—King’s County, 727—Kirkcud¬
brightshire, 736—Leitrim, XIII. 223
—Limerick, 349—London, 532—Lon¬
donderry, 551—Longford, 556—Loui¬
siana, 575—Louth, 575—Isle of Man,
XIV. 212—Maryland, 272—Massa¬
chusetts, 303—Mayo, 338—Meath, 346
—Mexico, 807—Monaghan, XV. 380
—New Hampshire, XVI. 165—New
Jersey, XII. 544—New South Wales,
XXL 719—New York, XVI. 191—
Norway, 273—Ohio, 328—Pennsylva¬
nia, XVII. 223—Persia, 253—Portu¬
gal, XVIII. 481—Prussia, 688, 697-
Queen’s County, 786—Rome, XIX.
437—Roscommon, 479—Russia, 581
—Sardinia, 647—Scotland, 765; VIII.
789; I. 249—Sligo, XX. 393—Spain,
521—Sparta, 528—Sweden, XXI. 30
Switzerland, 50—Tennessee, 183-4—
Tipperary, 314 — Turkey, 426—Ty¬
rone, 439—Van Diemen’s Land, 555
—Venezuela, 592—Virginia, 659 —
Waterford, 810—Westmeath, 861—
Wexford, 866—Wicklow, 879—Wur-
temberg, 945.
Eductulosae, in botany, V. 37, 38, 138.
Edulcoration, VIII. 450.
Edward the Martyr, VIII. 705.
 the Confessor, VIII. 707.
 I., reign of, VIII. 725—charac¬
ter of, 726—his war with France, X.
14—his Scottish wars, XIX. 708—his
fleet, XX. 215.
  — II., reign of, VIII. 726—murder
of, 727—his constitution of the Mint,
VII. 32—his treatment of the Irish,
XII. 356—his invasion of Scotland,
XIX. 709.
 III., XI. 742—reign of,VIII. 727—
his encouragement of chivalry, VII. 612
—his wars with France, X. 16, et seq.—
his navy, XVI. 39 ; XX. 216—woollen
manufacture in his reign, XXI. 926.
 IV., reign of, VIII. 736—charac¬
ter of, 737—his laws for the promo¬
tion of archery, III. 399.
 V., reign of, VIII. 738.
  VI., reign of, VIII. 751—state
of the currency under, VII. 34—sta¬
tutes against forestalling and engross¬
ing corn, 334—-religious persecution,
447—the Reformation promoted by,
XIX. 95—his fleet, XX. 221.
 , son of Alfred, VIII. 702.
 the Black Prince, VI. 604, 611;
VIII. 728—his expedition to Spain,
XX. .497.
 (Prince), Island, XII. 590.
Edwards (Bryan), on the negroes, XVI.
78—on the cultivation of the sugar
cane, XX. 792.
 (George), naturalist, VIII. 450
—on birds, XVI. 548.
  (Jonathan), VIII. 453—his I
EDW—EGY
scheme of necessity, I. 148, 341—the
only eminent American metaphysi¬
cian, 230—moral and intellectual cha¬
racter of, 310—makes virtue consist
in love of order, 341.
 (Dr W. F.), his experiments on
the spawn of frogs, XIII. 340—on
animal tissues, XVII. 596—on cere¬
bral globules, 660.
Edwardsville, in Illinois, XII. 248.
Edwin, or Edwy, king of England, his¬
tory of the reign of, VIII. 703.
Eechaak, Hindu town, VIII. 455.
Eekerei;, VIII. 455.
Eels, XII. 223—fishing for, III. 148—
bobhingfor, IV. 722—Dublin eels,VIII.
235—electrical; see Gymnotus.
Eetcqore, Hindu town, VIII. 455.
Efat, in Abyssinia, II. 58.
Efbe, island, VIII. 455.
Effeminate, VIII. 455.
Effendi, VIII. 455.
Effervescence, VIII. 455.
Effigy, VIII. 455.
Effingham (Lord), V. 402.
Efflorescence, VIII. 456.
Efflorescentia, VIII. 456.
Effluvium, VIII. 456.
Effbdentia, in zoology, XIV. 142.
EFFROtfTES, heretics, VIII. 456.
Effusion, VIII. 456,
Egalite, execution of, X. 83.
Egbert, king of England, VIII. 701.
Egelnoth, II. 243.
Egenotiso, island, VIII. 456.
Eger, in Bohemia, VIII. 456.
Egeria, nymph, VIII. 456.
Egg, VIII. 456 ; XVII. 686, 712—trade
in eggs, II. 341—use of white of eggs
in clarifying, VI. 727—serpent’s egg
of the Druids, VIII. 208—eggs of in¬
sects, IX. 87—preservation of, 729,
731—test of freshness of, XVIII. 98.
Eggenfelden, in Bavaria, VIII. 456.
Egham, village in Surrey, VIII. 457.
Eginhard, historian, VIII. 457.
Egmont (Count), XI. 511, et seq.
 Island, VIII. 457 ; IV. 213.
Egnatia, Italian city, VIII. 457.
Egremont, in Cumberland, VIII. 457.
Egret, bird, XVI. 619.
Egypt, VIII. 458—physical geography
of, 507—publications relating to, 556
—Dolomieu on physical constitution
of, 96—pyramids of, II. 21; III. 410,
431; XVIII. 745—dew in, XVII. 573
—serpents of, XX. 148.
 (ancient), VIII. 458—history of,
459 ; X. 470, et seq,—the ten plagues
in, XV. 570 ; VII. 629—libraries in,
XIII. 286—Alexander’s invasion of,
632—Plato’s visit to, XVIII. 14 —
Caesar’s proceedings in, XIX. 397—
reduced to a Roman province, 399
See Egyptians, Hieroglyphics, Pha¬
raoh.
 (modern), II. 230—history of,
VIII. 476—political geography and
actual state of, 519—monumental and
other antiquities, 530; III. 261; XI.
336—singing and dancing girls, II.
533; VIII. 529—manufacture of sal-
ammoniac, II. 661—management of
bees, IV. 535—catacombs, VI. 238—
cotton wool and manufacture, VII.
406—French trade with, X. 191—si¬
milarity of antiquities to those of
Mexico, XIV. 811—invaded by the
Crusaders, XVI. 578—Bonaparte’s ex¬
pedition tp, V. 485 ; X. 109,119,121;
XV. 725—Sir Ralph Abercrombie’s
expedition, V. 504—British invasion
in 1806, 524—recent declaration of
independence, XVI. 759—plague in,
XVII. 773, et seq.; II. 21 —music,
XXI. 325—weights and measures, 852
—map of, VIII. PI. 208.
Egyptians (ancient), whether Negroes,
II. 223—their skulls, 784—veneration
for the dog, III. 277; the cat, XIV.
122; and the ibis, XVI. 621; XVIII.
337—were ignorant of the arch, III.
379—their architecture, 408,415,431,
E GY—EL A
471—army, 580—geographical dis¬
coveries in Asia, 696—astronomy, 72?
—religion, IV. 169 ; VIII. 551; VII.
691, 694 ; XII. 492 ; XV. 676, 680 ;
XVIII. 333, 337, 341—Did they bor¬
row their superstitions from India ?
V. 181—their beer, 230—bricks, 258
—calendar, VI. 3, et seq.; 658, 660;
VIII. 554 —the Chinese not descended
from, VI. 548 — practised circumci¬
sion, 705—used coffins, VII. 19—their
mode of cooling water, 58—day, 643
—gnomons, 757—dyeing, VIII. 295—
calico-printing, 338—embalming, 676 ;
XVII. 724—hieroglyphics, XI. 294;
II. 540; IV. 774 ; XIII. 253; XVII.
376—funeral rites, X. 257—geometri¬
cal knowledge, 422—respect for the
dead, XII. 329—irrigation, 454—phy¬
siognomy, XIII. 92—language, ib.;
XVII. 373, 376 ; its affinity to the
Indian, XIII. 71—locks, 407—free
masonry, XIV. 281—mysteries, ib.;
XV. 65S,etseq.; 676—commerce, 745
—canals, XVI. 1—necromancy, 72—
Osiris, 654—paintings, 693—paper,
XVII. 7—papyrus, 49—alphabetical
characters, 377—philosophy, 429—ci¬
vilization, XIX. 109—sculpture, VIII,
180 ; XX. 2—surgery, 820, 822—ba¬
lance, XXL 835—measures, 846—
weights, 848—how far they resembled
the Chinese, XVII. 163 —colonized
India, 385; XVIII. 339—hypothesis of
Dr Spencer that the Hebrew ritual was
mainly borrowed from the, XX. 533.
Egyptians. See Gypsies.
Egyptian thorn, II. 64.
 wheel, XII. 1.
 herring, XII. 201.
Ehingen and Ehningen, VIII. 561.
Ehrard’s burning mirrors, V. 735.
Ehrhart on botany, V. 74, 78.
Ehrenberg, his discovery of fossil infu¬
soria, XV. 56 — his classification of
polypes, XXI. 1021.
Ebrenbreitstein, VII. 10.
Ehretiese, in botany, V. 122.
Ehud, the Benjamite, VIII. 561.
Eia or Ey, VIII. 561. _
Eibenstock, Saxon city, VIII. 561.
Eicetas, heretics, VIII. 561.
Eichstedt, in Bavaria, VIII. 561.
Eider Duck, XVI. 637—of Iceland, XII,
148—down of, VIII. 561.
Eidograph, XVII. 1.
Eikon Basilike, authorship of, X. 370;
VIII. 286 ; XIII. 22 ; XV. 96.
Eilau-Prussian, VIII. 561.
Eilenburg, Saxon city, VIII. 561.
Eimbeck, or Einbeck, a city in Hano,
ver, VIH. 561 ; VI. 460.
Eimeo, Captain Cook at, VII. 301.
Eindhoven, VIII. 561.
Einsheim, in Baden, VIII. 561.
Eisenach, VIII. 561; XIX. 666.
Eisenburg, German city, VIII. 561,
Eisleben, Saxon city, VIII. 561.
Ejectment, in law, VIII. 562.
Ekaterinograd, VIII. 562.
Ekeings, in ship-building, XX. 284.
Ekron, in Palestine, VIII. 562.
Elacate, fish, XII. 186.
Blseagnese, in botany, V. 127,
Elaeocarpese, in botany, V. 100.
Elaiothesium, VIII. 562.
Elaine, VI. 442—is one of the compo,
nents of fat, II. 716.
Elaiodic acid, VI. 430.
Elam, VIII. 562 ; XVII. 380.
Eland, African animal, II. 228.
Elanus, bird, XVI. 563.
Elafhebolia, Greek festival, VIII. 562.
Elaphebolium, the ninth Athenian
month, VIII. 562,
Elaphrus, insect, IX. 132.
Elaps, serpent, XX. 147, 134.
El Arish, convention of, VIII. 492.
 , in Morocco, XV, 505.
Elastic, VIII. 562—Bernouilli’s pro¬
blem of the elastic curve, XX. 762.
 — force of steam, XX. 576—expe¬
riments on, 577, et seq.
56
INDEX
ELA—ELE
Elasticity, VIII. 562—is a property
of all bodies, II. 112 ; XX. 749—mo¬
dulus of, VI. 154—of metals, XIV.
402; air, XVIII. 70, 77, 97, 100,108 5
different kinds of timber, XXI. 300-3
—motion of elastic fluids, 117.
Elatea, city of Phocis, VIII. 562.
Elater, insect, IX. 140.
Elaterides, insects, IX. 139.
Elaterite, in mineralogy, XV. 172.
Elatekium, in pharmacy, VIII. 562.
Elath, or Eloth, VIII. 562.
Elatine®, in botany, V. 99.
Elba, Italian island, VIII. 562—iron
mines in, XV. 250.
Elbe, river, VIII. 563; X. 483; XI.
137; XVIII. 690; XIX. 669—corn-
trade of the, VII. 363.
El-Berba, VIII. 543.
Elbekfeld, Prussian city, VIII. 563.
Elbecf, French city, VIII. 563.
Elbing, Prussian city, VIII. 563; IV.
330—trade of, XVIII. 694.
ElbotY, VIII. 564; XVII. 617.
Elbow-joint, II. 789.
Elburz mountains, XII. 708; XVII. 242.
Elcesattes, heretics, VIII. 564.
Elche, Spanish town, VIII. 564.
Elder-tree, XVII. 789—specific gravity
of its wood, XII. 29.
Elders, Jewish, VIII. 564—of the pri¬
mitive churches, XII. 263. See Pres¬
byterians, XVIII. 523.
El Descabezado, VI. 523.
Eldred on gunnery, XI. 42.
Elea, or Elis, in Greece, VIII. 564, 669.
Eleatic sect of philosophers, VIII. 564 5
XVII. 431.
Eleazar, XII. 574.
Elect, VIII. 564.
Election, VIII. 564.
Elective, VIII. 564—franchise, X. 629
—attraction, VI. 356.
Elector, VIII. 564.
Electorate, VIII. 564.
Electric shock, VIII. 638—of the silurus,
XII. 203.
 eel, XII. 225,162. SeeGymnotus.
 fishes, XVII. 717.
 telegraph, VIII. 582 5 XXI. 138.
 apparatus, VIII. 641.
 bells, IV. 547.
 machines, VIII. 641, 576—con¬
struction and use of, 643.
Electricity, VIII. 565; XVII. 568-
history of, VIII. 565 ; I. 544, 617—
624—phenomena and laws of, VIII.
575—on the electricity produced by
heat, pressure, and separation of parts,
595; and by change of form, 603—
changes produced by it on organic
and inorganic bodies, 624—iEpinus
on, II. 174—observations of Biot and
Gay-Lussac in a balloon, 193 —G.
Beccaria on, IV. 507—discoveries of
Mr Canton, VI. 104 — Cavallo on,
252—Mr Cavendish on, 261—electri¬
cal theory ofchemical attraction, 351,
357, 459 — Coulomb’s Memoirs on,
426-7 — its supposed agency in the
Deluge, 701—its use in resuscitating
drowned persons, VIII 203—its influ¬
ence in the formation of clouds and
rain, VII. 2 ; XVII. 534, 535—elec¬
trical theory of sensation, XVII. 673.
See Voltaic Electricity.
Electrides, islands, VIII. 663.
Electripeter, XXI. 689.
Electro-chemistry, Sir Humphry Davy’s
discoveries in, VII. 638, et seq. See
Voltaic Electricity.
Electrograph, Ronalds’, VIII. 661.
Electro - magnetism, XXI. 683 ; XIII.
752—discovered by Professor Oersted,
VIII. 637.
Electro-magnets, XIII. 761.
Electrometers, VIII. 654, et seq.; XIV.
743—uses of, I. 622—Volta’s condens¬
ing electrometer, VIII. 651.
Electrophorus, VIII. 643.
Electroscopes, VIII. 654, et se?,—Hally’s
595—Bohnenberg’s, XXL 673.
Electuary, in pharmacy, VIII. 663
ELE—ELL
Eledona, mollusca, XV. 354.
Eleemosyna Carucarum, VIII. 663.
Eleemosynaries, VIII. 663.
Elegance, VIII. 663.
Elegit in law, VIII. 663.
Elegy, VIII. 663 — Roman elegiac
poets, XVIII. 154.
Elements, in physics and astronomy.
VIII. 663—in chemistry, VI. 358.
Elemy, specific gravity of, XII. 29.
Elenchus, VIII. 663.
Eleotris, fish, XII. 194.
Elephant, XIV. 147—of Africa, II. 228 ;
Asia, III. 682 ; Ceylon, VI. 302; In¬
dia, XI. 381; Nepaul, XVI. 95 ; Su¬
matra, XX. 803—its trunk, III. 27—
ivory, 32—teeth, ib.— successive den¬
tition, 33—length of its intestines, 37
—its tusks, XII. 490 — structure,
XVII. 706—elephant-shooting, XX.
302. See Ivory.
 (Knights of the), VIII. 663.
 Isle, VIII. 663.
Elephantiasis, a disease, VIII. 664.
Elephantine, island, VIII. 664—anti¬
quities in, 532—quarries of, ib.
 books, VIII. 664.
Elephas, in zoology, XIV. 146.
Elethya, in Egypt, ruins of, VIII. 533—
tombs near, 533-4.
Eleusinia, Greek festival, VIII. 664;
XIV. 2815 XV. 658, 667, et seq.
Eledsis, city in Attica, VIII. 666.
Eleutheria, festival, VIII. 666.
Eleutherolacones, VIII. 666.
Elevation, VIII. 666—of'the host, ib.
—in architecture, III. 466.
Elevator muscles, VIII. 666.
Elevatory, in surgery, VIII. 667.
Eleve, VIII. 667.
Elf, VIII. 667—elf-arrows, ib.
Elfi Bey, VIII. 497.
Elfield, early printing at, XVIII. 548.
Elfrida, VIII. 705.
Elfsborg, in Sweden, VIII. 667.
Elgandel, Hindu town, VIII. 6,67.
Elgin, Scotch town, Vill. 667.
   marbles, VIII. 668 ; III. 646 ;
IV. 129 ; XVI. 728 ; XX. 7.
Elginshire. See Morayshire.
Elgiva, VIII. 704.
Eli, Jewish priest, VIII. 669.
Eliac sect of philosophers, XVII. 431.
Elijah the Tishbite, VIII. 669.
Eliot (Sir John), V. 314.
Elis, or Elea, VIII. 669, 564.
Elisa, or Dido, VIII. 16; VI. 183.
Elisha, Jewish prophet, VIII. 670.
Elision, in grammar, VIII. 670.
Elixation, in pharmacy, VIII. 670.
Elixir, in medicine, VIII. 670.
Elizabeth, queen of England, VIII. 670
—reign of, 756—archery in her reign,
III. 399, 401—restrictions on com¬
merce, V. 303—prosecution of Catho¬
lic priests, VI. 51—did not object to
deformity in her counsellors, VII.
674—her friendship for the Earl of
Essex, 743—quarrel with him, 744—
dramatists of the age of, VIII. 167—
trial by battle, 253—her committal to
the Tower in Mary’s reign, 754-
death and character, 759—aid to the
Netherlands, XI. 517, 519 — policy
towards Ireland, XII. 364—religious
persecutions in her reign, XIII. 415
—her navy, XVI. 41 ; XX. 221—
poetry of the age of, XVIII. 169—
date of her death, 392, n.—Protestant¬
ism maintained by, XIX. 96—her
policy towards Scotland and Queen
Mary, XIX. 732, et seq.—Elizabethan
style of architecture, III. 428.
 , empress of Russia, XIX. 547.
Elizabethtown, New Jersey, XII. 543.
Elizondo, Spanish town, VIII. 671.
Elk, XIV. 158—fossil Irish, XII. 394—
Norwegian, XVI. 264.
El-kftb, antiquities at, VIII. 533.
Elkington’s mode of draining, VIII. 137.
Ell, a measure, VIII. 671.
Ellagic acid, VI. 429.
Ellbogen, in Bohemia, VIII. 671.
ELL—EMB
Ellesmere, in Shropshire, VIII. 671.
  canal, VI. 509—aqueducts of
the, III. 322.
 and Chester canal, XVI. 12.
Ellichpoor, Hindu town, VIII. 671.
Elliot (Sir Gilbert), V. 459—his letters
to Hume on causation, I. 287—on
the alien bill, V. 467.
 (Hugh), V. 451.
 (J. M.), his repeater, VI. 797.
 (George Augustus), Lord Heath-
field, VIII. 671.
Ellipse, VII. 227.
Ellipsis, in grammar, VIII. 672.
Ellipsoids, attraction of, IV. 184.
Ellipsolithes, in conchology, XV. 345.
Elliptic, or elliptical, VIII. 672.
—“ transcendents, IX. 640.
 turning, VIII. 672.
 spheroids, IV. 175.
Elliptograph, VIII. 673.
Ellis on Dunbar’s poetry, VIII. 271.
——^— (Mr), his observations on ani¬
malcules and mucor, III. 191—on co¬
chineal, VIII. 307—on sponges, XX.
547—on vegetable physiology, XXI.
578, et seq.
Ellmore, Hindu town, VIII. 673.
Ellore, Hindu town, VIII. 673.
Ellrich, Prussian city, VIII. 673.
Ellwangen, in Wirtemberg, VIII. 673.
Ellwood (Thomas), his intercourse with
Milton, XV. 102.
Ellys (Dr Anthony), VIII. 673.
Elm, XVII. 780, 783, 789.
Elm-timber, XXI. 294—specific gravity
of, XII. 29.
Elmacinus (George), VIII. 674.
El-Mina, XI. 29.
Elmis, insect, IX. 150.
Elmo (St), fire of, VIII. 623 ; XVII. 542.
Eloch, river, X. 483.
Elocution. See Declamation, Reading.
Elodes, insects, IX. 141.
Elogy, VIII. 674.
Elohi, Eloi, or Elohim, VIII. 674.
Eloined, in law, VIII. 674.
Elongation, in astronomy, VIII. 674.
Elops, fish, XII. 196, 216.
Eloquence of the Druids, VIII. 209. See
Rhetoric, Cicero, &c.
Elora, VIII. 674—pagoda of, VII. 696.
Elphin, XIX. 480.
Elphinstone (Hon. Mountstuart) his ac¬
count of Afghanistan, II. 211—on
the monsoons, XI. 378 ; XVII. 540
—his account of the Indus, XII. 270.
  (William), bishop of Ross,
VIII. 674 ; XXI. 515.
Elpisann, in Asiatic Turkey, VIII. 675.
Elsfleth, German town, VIII. 675.
Elsineur, VIII. 675; IV. 328 ; VII. 725.
Elsnappen, Swedish town, VIII. 675.
Eltham, town in Kent, VIII. 675.
Eltmann, in Bavaria, VIII. 675.
Elvas, town in Portugal, VIII. 675.
Ely, VIII. 675—conventual church and
cathedral of, VI. 34—Isle of, 33.
Elymse, VIII. 562.
Elymas, king of Libya, VI. 188.
Elymus arenarius, VIII. 678.
Elysium, VIII. 675; XV. 671.
Elytra, IX. 74.
Elzevirs, printers, VIII. 675.
Emanation, VIII. 675.
Emancipation,in Roman law,VIII. 675.
Emanuel, king of Portugal, XVI. 655.
Emarginula, mollusca, XV. 349, 365.
Emathia, VIII. 676.
Ematin, VI. 465.
Embalming, VIII. 676 ; XVII. 724—by
the Guanches, VI. 73.
Embankments, VIII. 676.
 of rivers, XVII. 625; XIX. 284
—their pernicious effects on naviga¬
tion, VIII. 193.
EmbaRcadero, VIII. 680.
Embargo, in commerce, VIII. 680.
Ember Weeks, VIII. 680.
Emberiza, bird, XVI. 580.
Emblem, VIII. 680.
Embolismus, VIII. 681.
Embossing, VIII. 681.
EMB—ENC
Embrasure, in architecture, VIII. 681
Embroidery, VIII. 681.
Embrun, in France, VIII. 681.
Embryo, in physiology, VIII. 681. See
Fcetus, Generation.
 , in botany, III. 74, 99; V. 50,51.
Embryonatse, in botany, V. 53.
Embryonate plants, V. 92.
Emden, in Hanover, VIII. 681.
Emerald, VIII. 681 ; XV. 156—distin-
guishedfrom beryl, IV. 600—Egyptian,
VIII. 518—specific gravity of, XII. 29.
Emersion, VIII. 682 ; XV. 155.
Emerson (William), VIII. 682 ; I. 597.
 (Dr), on the mortality at Phila¬
delphia, XV. 522.
Emery, VIII. 682 ; XV, 155.
Emew, bird, XVI. 616.
Emigration, VIII. 683 — to Buenos
Ayres, V. 646—Canada, VI. 67—Chili,
538—Colombia, VII. 91, 111—New
South Wales, XXI. 721—New Zealand,
975—the United States, 460; XVIII.
408—its insufficiency to keep down
population, 412. See Colonies.
Eminence, VIII. 691.
Emir, VIIL 691 ; III. 332.
Emissary, in politics, VIII. 691.
Emly, XXI. 314.
Emma, wife of Canute, VIII. 707.
Emmanuel, VIII. 691.
 , king of Portugal. XVI. 655,
Emmerich, Prussian city, VIII. 691,
Emmenagogues, VIII. 692.
Emmett (Robert), V. 545; VIII. 237;
XII. 387.
Emmius (Ubbo), VIII. 691.
Emollients, in medicine, VIII. 692.
Emolument, VIII, 692.
Emotion, VIII. 692. See Ethical Phi¬
losophy.
Emouy, or Amoy, island, VIII. 692.
Empalement, punishment, VIII. 692.
Empedocles, VIII, 692—taught the true
theory of lunar light, I. 452.
Emperor, VIII. 692.
 of Japan, fish, XII. 179.
Empetreae, in botany, V. 129.
Emphasis, in rhetoric, VIII. 692.
Emphysema, in surgery, VIII. 692.
Empidise, insects, IX. 269.
Empire, VIII. 692—German, 693.
Empiric, VIII. 693.
Empis, insects, IX. 270.
Empress, VIII. 693.
EmprOsthotonos, VIII. 693.
Empusa, insect, IX. 191.
Empyreum, VIII. 693.
Empyreuma, in chemistry, VIII. 693.
Ems, VIIL 693—baths of, XV. 737.
 , river, X. 483 ; XI. 137.
Emu, XXL 716.
Emulation, VIII. 693—is the nurse of
genius, XVII. 412.
EmUlgent or renel arteries, VIII. 693.
Emunctory, in anatomy, VIII. 693.
Emys, reptile, XIX. 128.
EnAllage, in grammar, VIII. 693.
Enamel, VIII. 693—of the teeth, II.
746; III. 32.
Enamelling, VIII. 693—of porcelain,
XVIII. 438.
Encienia, Jewdsh festivals, VIII. 694.
Encaustic and Encaustum, VIII. 694.
 painting, VIII. 694.
Enceinte, in fortification, VIII. 698.
Enceladus, insect, IX. 119.
Encephali, in medicine, VIII. 698.
Encephalitis, XVII. 479.
Enchasing, or Chasing, VIII. 698.
Enchelis, animalcules, III. 186-7.
Enchelyopus, fish, XII. 226.
Encke’s comet, IV. 38.
Enclitica, in grammar, VIII. 698.
Encoubert, in zoology, XIV.'143.
Encratites, heretics, VIII. 693.
Encrinites, zoophytes, XIX. 1011.
Encyclopedia, VIIL 698 ; I. preface—
the first probably written by an Ara¬
bian, II. 415—Chinese, VI. 568.
  Britannica, VII. 268 ; XV. 80 ;
XX. 401 — contributions to, by Dr
Doig, VIII. 93; Leslie, XIII. 248;
INDEX.
ENC—ENG
Plnyfair, XVIII. 46 ; Dk Young, XX.
971.
Encyclopaedical tree, D’Alembert’s, I. 1.
Encyclopedic (French), VIII. 14—con¬
tributions of D’Alembert to, II. 398.
Encyclopaedists, French, X. 47.
Ende, island, IX. 624.
Endemic diseases, VIII. 698.
Endian, Persian town, VIII. 698.
Endive, culture of, XI. 674—structure
of its stem, III. 82.
Endless, VIII. 699.
Endocarp, in botany, V. 47.
Endogenous plants, V. 33,132, 134,136.
Endomychus, insect, IX. 185.
Endopleura, in botany, V. 50.*
ENDOR,town in Galilee, VIII. 699—witch
of, III. 307 ; XVI. 72.
Endorhizae, in botany, V. 51.
Endorsed, in heraldry, VIII. 699.
Endorsement. See Indorsement.
Endosperm, in botany, V. 50.
Endowment, in law, VIII. 699
Endracht’s Land, VIII. 699.
Endrie, VIII. 699.
Endymion, VIII. 699.
Enemy, in law, VIII. 699.
Energomens, VIII. 699.
Energy, VIII. 699.
Enervating, VIII. 699.
Enesei, Siberian river, VIII. 699.
Eneseisk, Siberian town, VIII. 699.
Enfans Perdds, VIII. 699.
Enfield (William), LL.D., VIII. 699.
 , in Middlesex, VIII. 700.
Enfilade, in war, VIII. 700.
Enfine, Egyptian city, VIII. 700.
Enfranchisement, VIII. 700.
Engano, island, VIII. 700.
Engastrimythi, VIII. 700.
Engen, in Germany, VIII. 700.
Engendering, VIII. 700.
Enghien, city in Flanders, VIII. 700.
‘—*— (Duke d’), VII. 201—execution
of, X. 129 ; XV. 730.
Engine, in mechanics, VIII. 700.
Engineers, VIII. 700—French corps of,
HI. SOO- Austrian, 604—British, 621
—academical rank of civil engineer at
Durham,* XXL 508.
Engitides, insects, IX. 148.
England, VIII. 701—history of, ib.—
statistics, 759.—agriculture, II. 252-3
—expeditions against Algiers, 506—
American colonies, 637, 647, 648—
archery, III. 398, et seq.—pointed ar¬
chitecture, 422, 454—later architec¬
ture, 428—recent pointed architec¬
ture, 430—Saxon and Auglo-Norman
Gothic architecture, 454 —weights
and measures, 544—army, 616—ar¬
tillery, 632—painters, 650—baking,
IV. 295—laws respecting baking, 300—
bell-ringing, 547—botanists, V. 82, 91
—canals, 288—union of its crown with
that of Scotland, 302—history after
that union, ib.—union with Scotland,
370—attempt to dissolve that union,
373—castles in former times, VI. 233
—influence of the wars of the Roses on
chivalry,615—the Mint, VII.32—com¬
merce, 160—navigation-laws, 122,160
■—the mercantile system, 163—losses
from that system, 164—trading'com-
panies, 181, et seq—Lord High Con¬
stable of, 266—corn laws and trade,
333; IV. 301—influence of the cot¬
tage-system, VII. 392—effects of the
cotton-manufacture, 396—history of
that manufacture, 398, 407—condi¬
tion of, during the Crusades, 488—
law of divorce, VIII. 72—dockyards,
78—the drama, 153, 156, 166—duel¬
ling, 253—title of duke, 257—govern¬
ment and laws, IX. 1—fisheries, 602
—glass-making, X. 565 —hunting,
XI. 740, 741—lunatic asylums, XIV.
587—coal, XV. 244—coins, 399, 401,
404, 407, 409—nary, XVI. 38-news¬
papers, 168—history of art, 724—
banking, XVII. 22—old sports, 112—
heights ofmountains, 506, 557—lakes,
523—poetry, XVIII. 168—police, 249
ENG—ENT
—poor-laws, 364, 368 ; VII. 335, 336,
n.—increase of population, XVIII.
411—expectation of life, 424—porce¬
lain-manufacture, 4 34—introduction
of printing, 550—prisons, 583—penal
law, 737—the Reformation, XIX. 95;
VII. 447—romance, XIX. 332, 334-
royal family, 513—sculpture, XX. 9
—lighthouses, 29—shipping, 214, et
seq. — slavery, 383—suicide, 798 —
surgery, 829, et se?.—land-taxes, XXI.
102—timber, 291—Roman roads, 821
■ universities, 491—sheep and wool,
922—woollen manufactures,926—map
Of, Vol. VIII. Plates CCXIX-1 and
CCXIX-2. See the Chronological
Table, VI. 669, et seq. ; also Britain.
Englefield (Sir H.), his portable baro¬
meter, IV. 400—his filter, IX. 581 —
on heat, XI. 183—on the spectrum,
XVI, 419.
English language, IX. 38 ; XIII. 86
its superiority over the French as
an instrument of thought, I. 229—
want of good translations of ancient
classics. III. 263—bibles, IV. 618 —
specimen of dictionary of, VIII. 10.
  Channel, canal from it to the
Bristol Channel, XVI. 13.
 type, XXI. 435.
Englishmen, their tendency to dread a
French invasion, V. 473 — distin¬
guished as sportsmen, XX. 302.
Engrafting, in gardening, Xf. 635.
Engrailed, in heraldry, IX. 43.
Engraulis, fish, XII. 216.
Engraving, IX, 44 —on gems, 55—
aquatinta, III. 315—of dies, VII. 54
—on glass, X. 581—mezzotinto, XV. 2;
XIX. 522—multiplication of engraved
copperplates by voltaic electricity,
XXI. 683—wood-engraving, 916.
Engrossing of corn, statutes against,
VII. 334.
Enguera, Spanish town, IX. 56.
Enguiche, in heraldry, IX. 56.
Enharmonic. See Music.
Enicocerus, insect, IX. 150.
Enicurus, bird, XVI. 572.
Enigma, II. 173.
Enkhuyzen, in Holland, IX. 56,
Enlistment of soldiers, Mr Windham’s
act respecting, V. 520.
Enneacrunus, IV. 124.
Enneagon, in geometry, IX, 56.
Ennis, Irish town, IX. 57 ; VI. 727.
Enniskillen, IX. 57, 518.
Ennius, Roman poet, IX. 56—works of,
XVII. 411 ; XVIII. 153.
Ennui, VIII. 55.
Enoplosus, fish, XII. 168.
Enore, Hindu village, IX. 57.
Enos, city in Turkey, IX. 57.
Enotaevsk, Russian town, IX. 57.
Enowtawkaia, in Russia, IX. 57.
Ens, IX. 57, 58.
Enseeled, in falconry, IX. 58,
Ensenada de Barragon, V. 640.
Ensham, in Oxfordshire, IX. 58,
Ensiform cartilage, II. 764.
Ensign, IX. 58—naval, ib.
Ensisheim, meteoric stone of, XIV. 707.
Ent (Sir George), IX. 58.
Entablature, III. 466—Doric, 438, 450,
451—Ionic, 439,449,451—Corinthian,
441, 448, 451—Caryatic, 441.
Entails, Scotch, XXL 70; II. 264—un¬
favourable to agriculture, 342.
Entasis, in architecture, III. 466.
Enteriou, worm, XI. 222.
Enthusiasm, IX- 58.
Enthymeme, IX. 58 ; XIII. 541—Aris¬
totle on, III. 515.
Entlibuch, in Switzerland, IX. 58.
Entomology, IX. 59—not so cruel a
pursuit as is commonly imagined, III.
164 — use of flies in angling, 133,
et- seq.—tenacity of life among insects,
163—their insensibility to pain, 164
—Fabricius on, IX. 473—comparative
physiology of insects, XVII. 720—how
some walk on water, XX. 753—me¬
thods of destroying them, XXI, 602.
ENT—EPI
Entomostraca, Crustacea, VII. 503 —
their nervous system, 498—organs of
reproduction, 499.
Entozoa, zoophytes, XXL 991-2; XVII.
128—structure of, XVII. 722.
Entrecasteaux (D’), his discoveries in
Australasia, IV. 206, 210, 211, 212—-
his Channel, VII. 732.
Entre Duero e Minho, IX. 302.
Entrepas, IX. 302.
Entre Rios, in La Plata, XVIII. 7.
Entrophic organs, II. 813 ; HI. 32.
Entry, in law, IX. 302.
Enumeration, IX. 302.
Envelope, in fortification, IX. 302.
Environne, in heraldry, IX. 302.
Envoy, IX. 302.
Envy, IX. 302—analyzed, XII. 304-de¬
formed persons subject to, VII. 676.
Enzelli, Persian town, IX. 302,
Eolipile, IV. 715.
Eonians, fanatics, IX. 302.
Eooa, or Eaoovve, island, IX. 302.
Eoria, Athenian feast, IX. 302.
Eostre, Saxon goddess, IX. 302.
Epacridese, in botany, V. 118.
Epacts, in chronology, IX. 302 ; VI.
11—tables of, 12, 13.
Epaminondas, Theban general,IX. 302;
XXL 195-9—his army, III. 588—
anecdote of, IX. 577.
Eparer, IX. 303.
Epaulement,IX. 303.
Epaulettes, IX. 303.
Epoe (Abbe de 1’), on the education of
the deaf and dumb, VII. 648, 651.
Epeira, genus of arachnides, III. 361.
Epenthesis, in grammar, IX, 303.
Epeolus, insect, IX. 234.
Eperies, Hungarian city, IX. 303.
Epha, or Ephah, a measure, IX- 304.
Epher*um, IX. 304.
Ephebi, IX. 304.
Ephemera, IX. 304.
 , insects, IX. 211—their use in
angling, III. 135.
Ephemerides, IX. 304 ; XIII. 560.
Ephesus, IX. 304—church of, XVIII. 524.
Ephetas, Atheniap judges, IX. 305,
Ephialtes, insect, IX. 224.
Ephippus, fish, XH. 179.
Ephod, in Jewish antiquity, IX. 305.
Ephori, Doric magistrates, IX. 305.
Ephorus, Greek historian, IX. 305.
Ephraim, IX. 306.
Ephrem Syrus, IX. 306.
Ephydor, Athenian officer, IX, 306.
Ephydra, insect, IX. 290.
Epibat.®, IX. 306.
Epibaterion, IX. 306.
Epic poetry, IX. 306; XVIII. 148.
Epicarides, Crustacea, VII. 502.
.Epicarp, in botany, V. 47.
Epicedion, in poetry, IX. 307.
Epicf.dium, in poetry, IX. 307.
Epicharis, insect, IX. 234.
Epicharmus, Greek poet, IX. 307.
Epichirotonia, IX. 307.
Epiccene, in grammar, IX. 307.
EpieorolUe Corisantherse, iji botany, V.
115—Synantheras, 116.
Epictetus, philosopher, IX. 307.
Epicurean philosophy, IX. 307 ; XVII.
4 31; I. 302—Bacon’s admiration of
Epicurean physics, 71—Gassendi’s
partiality for, 70.
Epicurus, IX. 309—character of, I. 303
—respect paid to his system by his
followers, 305—his definition of mo¬
tion, 450—explanation of light, 505—
materialism, III. 294—Canonica, VI.
94 — dialectic, VII. 756 — atheism,
XVIII. 665.
Epicycles, IX. 309—system of, IV. 15.
Epicycloid, in geometry, IX. 309.
Epidamnus, in Illyria, IX. 309.
Epidaurus, Greek city, IX. 310.
Epidemia, Greek festivals, IX. 310.
Epidemic diseases, IX. 310.
Epidermis of skin, IX. 310; II. 750 ;
XVII. 606—of mucous membrane, 75*2
—of plants, HI. 65.
Epidicasia, IX. 310.
EPI—EQU
Epidii, VI. 2.
Epidot.®, deities, IX. 310.
Epidote, in mineralogy, XV. 154.
Epiglottis in man, II. 805 ; XVII. 682
—in brutes, III. 28.
Epigoni, IX. 310.
Epigram, in poetry, IX. 311.
Epigraphs, IX. 311.
Epigynous stamens and petals, V. 41.
Epilepsy in the horse, XXL 632.
Epilogue, IX. 311.
Epimachus, bird, XVI. 591.
Epimenides the Cretan, IX. 311.
Epimetheus, IX. 311.
Epinal, in France, IX. 311.
Epipetalse, in botany, V. 114.
Epiphanius (St), IX. 311—on the Ebion-
ites, VIII. 394.
Epiphany, Christian festival, IX. 311-
in Abyssinia, II. 62.
Epirus, in Greece, IX. 312.
Episcopacy, IX. 313—favoured by James
I., V. 304—attempt of Charles I. to
set it up in Scotland, 315—the king
the head of the Church, XVIII. 523
—convocations, ib.—Presbyterian ar¬
guments against, ib.^—rise of, 525.
Episcopal, IX. 317.
Episcopalians, IX. 317.
Episcopius (Simon), IX. 317.
Episinus, genus of arachnides, III. 60.
Episode, in poetry, IX. 317.
Episperm, in botany, V. 50.
Epistaminese, in botany, V. 128.
Epistemonarch, IX. 317.
Epistilbite, specific gravity of, XII. 29.
Epistle, IX. 317.
Epistropheus, II. 760.
Epistyle, IX. 317; III, 466,
Epitaph, IX. 317.
Epithalamium, IX. 318.
Epithet, IX. 318.
Epitome, in history, IX. 318.
Epitragus, insect, IX. 166.
Epitritus, in prosody, IX. 318
Epitropus, judge, IX. 318. •
Epocha, IX. 318 ; VI; 652—difference
between sera and epoch, II. 176.
Epode, in lyric poetry, IX. 318.
Epopieia, in poetry, IX. 318.
Epping, town in Essex, IX. 318.
Eppingen, German city, IX. 318.
Eproboscidese, insects, IX. 292.
Epsom, town in Surrey, IX. 318.
Epsom Salt, in mineralogy, XV. 139.
 Salts Cave, in Indiana, XII. 266.
Epulares, IX. 318.
Epulo, IX. 318.
Epulum, ancient-feast, IX. 318.
Equable, IX. 318.
Equal and Equality, IX. 318.
Equanimity, IX. 318.
Equation of time, III. 776—table of, for
every day of the year, VII. 780.
 clock, VI. 782.
Equations, IX. 319—homogeneous, I.
529—absolute, II. 44—in algebra, 440,
ct seq.—quadratic, 448—cubic, 454-
reciprocal, 460—resolution of those
whose roots are rational, 462—reso¬
lution of, by approximation, 464—-
loci of, 482—differential, XIV. 322.
Equator, or ^Equator, IX. 351—astro¬
nomical, III. 755—geographical, X.
404—magnetic, XIII. 743.
Equatorial instruments, IV. 108.
Equery or Ecury, IX. 351.
Eques Auratus, IX. 351.
Eques, fish, XII. 176.
Equestria, among the Romans, IX. 351,
Equestrian, IX. 351.
Equiangular, IX. 352.
Equidistant, IX. 352.
Equilateral, IX. 352.
Equilibrium, IX. 352 ; XIV. 356—of
human body, II. 796—of.fluids, XII.
10—of moving bodies, XIV. 378—of
arches, &c., 395 ; V. 266—of forces,
XIV. 455—construction of the arch
of, XXL 640. See Arch, Balance,
Statics.
Equimultiples, IX. 352.
I Equinoctial, IX. 352—points, ib.
58
INDEX,
EQU—ERI
Equinox, or ^Equinox, IX. 352—cere¬
monies at, in China, VI. 559.
Equinoxes (precession of the), III. 767;
XVIII. 507—discovered by Hippar¬
chus, III. 731—Laplace’s discoveries
relative to the, III. 752,
Equinoxial line, X. 404.
Eqitipollence, in logic, IX. 352.
Equibia, Roman festival, IX. 352.
Equisetacese, in botany, V. 37, 138—or¬
gans of reproduction in, V. 54.
Equitable Life Assurance Society, III.
201, 202, 209—its valuable tables,
XV. 527, 555.
Equites, in ancient Rome, IX. 352.
Eqoity, IX. 353.
Equivalent, IX. 353.
Equivocal, in logic, IX. 353,
Equivocation, IX. 353.
Equula, fish, XII. 189.
Equuleus or Ecculeus, IX. 353.
Equus, XIV. 151. See Horse.
Era, or iEra, II. 176 ; VI. 653—of the
foundation of Rome, 654—Christian,
655—of the creation, 656; VII. 455
— of Constantinople, VI. 658 —of
Alexandria, ib.—of Antioch, 659—Of
Nabonassar, 659—of the Seleuckhe,
659— of Macedonia, ib.—of Alexander,
660— of Tyre, ib.—Caesarean of An¬
tioch, ib.—Julian, ib.—of Spain, ib.—
Of Actium, ib.—of Diocletian, ib.—of
martyrs, ib.—of the Armenians, 661
—of the Hegira, 661—of the Yezde-
gird, or Gelalsean, 662—Jewish eras,
657—Chinese, 663—Hindu, 664.
Ebamnoo, island, IX. 353.
Ebanakcha, Greek officer, IX. 353.
EbasistkatUs, IX. 353—his anatomical
knowledge, II, 688 ; XVII. 752—his
skill in surgery, XX. 822.
Ebasmus (Desiderius), IX. 353—effect
of his writings in accelerating the Re¬
formation,!. 15—his humorous advice
to Ammon how to push his fortune,
II. 659—his controversy with Luther
on free-will, XIII. 599—at Oxford,
XXL 494.
Ebastians, religious sect, IX. 358.
Eraterium, in botany, V. 49.
EbatO, a muse, IX. 358 $ XV. 603.
Ekatosthenes, IX. 358—on astronomy,
III. 730—his catalogue of Egyptian
kings, VIII. 460—on the Egyptian
calendar, 554—on the earth’s size, IX.
546; XXI. 52—on geography, X. 392,
394—on geometry, 426—his know¬
ledge of the Nile, XVI. 225.
Ebatostbatus, IX. 358.
Ebbil, Persian town, IX. 358.
Eeding, in Bavariaj IX. 358.
Erdman on magnetism, XIII. 724.
Eeebus, IX. 358—insect, 248.
Erechtheus, IV. 142—temple of, 123.
Erect posture of man, XVII. 699.
Erectile tissue, II. 725 ; XVII. 640.
Ebeklee, IX. 358.
Eeemieu, French city, IX. 359.
Ebemonville, French village, IX. 359.
Eresus, genus of arachnides, III, 363.
Ereteson, in zoology, XIV. 137.
Ebetbia, IX. 359 ; IV. 150.
Eretriac sect of philosophers, XVII. 431,
Erewash Canal, XVI. 13.
Ebfubt, Prussian city, IX. 359—Electo¬
ral Academy at, II. 73,
Ebgastulum, IX. 359.
Eric, kings of Sweden, XXI. 13, 16.
Ericas, XL 686.
Ericeae, in botany, V. 118.
Ericht (Loch), XVII. 289.
Erichthonius, king of Attica, IV. 142.
Ericineas, in botany, V. 118.
Ericson (Gustavus), XXL 13.
Ericson's weighing-machine, XXL 839.
Eeidanus, IX. 359.
Ebie, lake, IX. 359 ; VI. 58, 64 ; XVII.
522; XXL 455.
 Canal, XVI. 24; XXL 470.
Eeigena (Joannes Scotus), IX. 359.
Ebigone, IX. 360.
Erinaceus, in zoology, XIV. 102,
Eriogoneos, in botany, V. 126,
ERI—ESK
Eriometer, VI. 640; XIV.ISO^VI.ISO-
Erioptera, insects, IX. 260.
Eriphia, insects, IX. 284.
Ebiphyle, IX. 360.
Eats, goddess, IX. 361.
Eeisichthon, IX. 361.
Eristalis, insect, IX. 275.
Eristic sect of philosophers, XVII. 431.
Ebith, town in Kent, IX. 360.
Ebivan, Persian province, IX. 360.
Eblangen, Bavarian city, IX. 361.
Eblau, Hungarian city, IX. 361.
Erman (M.), on the electrical relations
of flame, VIII. 605.
Eemin, in heraldry, IX. 361 ; XI. 245
—order of knights, IX. 361.
EBMiNES,'in heraldry, IX. 361.
Eeminois, in heraldry, IX. 361.
Ermont, antiquities at, VIII. 535.
EbnatIA, IX. 361.
Erne, river, VI. 255 ; VIII. Ill; IX.
516—Lough, IX. 516; XII. 390-
river and lough navigation, XVI. 22.
Ebnesti (John Augustus), IX. 361.
Ernuiph, III. 624.
Erodion, genus of araehnides, III. 358.
Erodius, insect, IX. 163.
Erodona, in conchology, XV. 342,
Eeos, in mythology, IX. 363; VII. 549.
Ebosion, IX. 363.
Eeotia, Thespian festival, IX, 363.
Ebotic, IX. 363.
Erotylus, insect, IX. 185.
Ep.ouad, Hindu town, IX. 363.
Eepenius, or D’Erpe (Thomas), IX. 363.
Erpetology. See Reptilia.
Errard on fortification, IX. 769.
Ebbatic, IX. 364—blocks, XV. 220.
Eeeomango, island, IX. 364.
Eeeooe, town in India, IX. 364.
Errob, in philosophy, IX. 364.
Erskine (Tho.), Lord Erskine, IX. 364.
 (Ebenezer), XX. 62.
Eruthra, temple of Hercules at, VII. 694.
Erxleben, merits of his classification of
animals, III. 170.
Erycina, insect, IX. 242.
 , in conchology, XV. 342.
Erymanthus, IX. 365.
Erysipelas, a disease, IX. 365 ; III. 248
—surgical treatment of, XX. 838—
in sheep, XXI. 636.
Erythr^e, in jEtolia, IX. 366.
BRYTHRiEUM MABE, IX. 366—peripluS
of the, II. 220.
Erythneus, arachnides. III. 368.
Erythrin, VIII. 309.
Erythrinus, fish, XII. 216.
Erythroxylese, in botany, V. 102.
Eryx, IX. 366—serpent, XX. 138.
Ebzebum, in Armenia, IX. 366.
Esabhaddon, IX. 366.
Escalade, or Scalade, IX. 366.
Escallaniese, in botany, V. 113.
Escape, in architecture, III. 466,
Escapements of clocks, VI. 768, et seq.
—of watches, 789.
Escarpe, in fortification, IX. 772.
Escheat, in law, IX. 366,
Eschenbach, in Bavaria, IX. 366.
Escher (Mr), lost in a glacier, II. 560.
Eschershausen, IX. 366.
Eschevin, or Echevin, IX. 366.
Eschbakites, IX. 366.
EschScholtz’s arrangement of the eilio-
grades, XXI. 1019.
Eschscholtzia, in botany, V. 67.
Eschwege, Hessian city, IX. 366.
EscobAb, Spanish town, IX. 366,
Escuage, IX. 366.
Esculent, IX. 366.
Escurial, IX. 367—library of the, XIII.
307—Arabic MSS. in the, VI. 214.
Escutcheon, or Scutcheon, in heraldry,
IX. 367 ; XL 244—^funeral, 260,
Esdraeloh, plain Of, XVI. 743.
Esdras, Jewish priest, IX. 367,
Esher, town in Surrey, IX. 367—grove
at Esher Place, X. 325.
Esiv, rivers, IX. 367—in Cumberland,
VII. 536—in Edinburghshire, VIII.
429—Forfarshire, IX. 745; XIX. 747.
Eski-HIssar, Turkish town, IX. 367.
ESL—ETH
Eslon (Monsieur d’), on animal magnet¬
ism, XIV. 12, et seq.
Esmunus, Egyptian deity, VIII. 554.
Esna, III. 702.
Esne, or Esneh,in Egypt, IX. 367—an¬
tiquities at, VIII. 534—zodiac at, 555.
Esocydas, in ichthyology, XII. 199.
Esoteric, IX. 466.
Esox, fish, XII. 199—angling for Esox
Lucius, III. 144.
Espalion, in France, IX. 368.
Espartero (General), XX. 512-14.
Espinel (Vicente), his novel, XIX. 352.
Espiritu Santo, river, XVIII. 458.
Esplanade, in fortification, IX. 368.
Espousals, in law, IX. 368.
Esquiline hill, XIX. 424, 426.
Esquimaux, IX. 368; II. 619, 634; X.
759—their language, II. 633—of La¬
brador, XIII. 5.
Esquire, IX. 368 j VI. 178, 603.
Essay, IX. 368.
Essaying. See Assaying.
Essedarii, gladiators, IX. 368.
Essen, Prussian city, IX. 368.
Essence, in metaphysics, IX. 368—of
bodies, XIV. 648.
Essenes, IX. 368 | X. 636.
Essential, IX. 368—oils, ib.
Essequibo, IX. 368 ; VII. 704.
Essex, IX. 369—fisheries of, 602.
 (Robert, Earl of), VII. 743; II.
14 ; VIII. 758—his failure in Ireland,
XII. 365—his friendship for Bacon,
XXI. 606—Bacon’s ingratitude, 607.
 (Earl of), in the reign of Charles
the First, V. 323, et seq.
Essling, battle of, X. 152.
Esslingen, in Wirtemberg, IX. 371.
Essonite, in mineralogy, XV. 159.
Estachar, Persian town, IX. 371.
Estain (Admiral d’), V. 405.
Estaires, French city, IX. 371.
Estambolic, Arabian town, IX. 371.
Estate, in law, IX. 371.
Este, Italian city, IX. 371.
Estella, Spanish city, IX. 371.
Estepona, Spanish town, IX. 371.
Esther, Book of, IX. 371.
Esthonia, a Russian province, IX. 372
—language of, XIII. 89.
Estimation of motions and forces, in
dynamics, VIII. 363.
Estivation, in botany, V. 43.
Estoilee, in heraldry, IX. 372.
Estoppel, in law, IX. 372.
Estrees (Admiral d’), V. 347.
Estbemaduba, IX. 372.
Eszek, Hungarian city, IX. 372.
Etairion, in botany, V. 48.
Etampes, in France, IX. 372.
Etaweh, Hindu town, IX. 371.
Etching, IX. 372, 44, 45—on stone,
XIII. 386—voltaic, XXI. 683.
Etelent, Arabian town, IX. 374.
Etelis, fish, XII. 168.
Eteocles, IXi 374 ; VII. 461.
Eteocretes, VII. 463.
Eternity, IX. 374 ; XIV. 667.
Etesian winds, IX. 375 ; VIII. 515.
Etfu. See Edfou.
Ethal, VI. 441.
Ethelbald, king of England, VIII. 702.
Ethelbert, king of England, VIII. 702.
Ethelfleda, VIII. 703.
Ethelgiva, VIII. 704.
Ethelred, king of England, VIII. 702—
reign of, 705—his fleet, XX. 214.
Ethelvvold, VIII. 705.
Ethelwolf, king of England, VIII. 702.
Ether, IXi 375 j XV. 574—caoutchouc
dissolved by, V. 107—sulphuric, VI.
438—acid ethers, 439—how to inflame
it by electricity, VIII. 626—specific
gravity of, XII. 29—poisonous quali¬
ty of, XIV. 507.
Etheria, in conchology, XV. 343.
Etheridge (Sir George), IX. 375.
Etherification, VI. 439.
Etherow, river, VII. 735.
Ethical philosophy, Bacon’s disquisi¬
tions on, I. 35—Hobbes’s principles,
42—Cudworth’s system, 44 —little
ETH—ETI
attention paid to, at the era of the
Restoration, 1.46—Barrow on,ib.—Dr
Law’s system, 171-2—Division of the
subject, 296-7—Paiey’s views, 298—
retrospect of ancient ethics, 299—
ethical philosophers of Greece, 300—
Plato, 301—Aristotle, 302—Epicu¬
reans and Stoics, ib.—Epicurus and
Zeno, 303—system of Stoics, 304—
estimate of the practical philosophy
of Greece, 305—literature of Alex¬
andria, 306—scholastic ethics, 307,
313—Jewish and Mahommedan wri¬
ters, 308—Augustin’s system, 309—
doctrines of Aquinas, Scotus, and
Bradwardine, ib.—William of Ock¬
ham and John Gerson, 310 — Aqui¬
nas, ib.—the Mystics, 311—tempta¬
tions and errors Of the scholastic age,
312—nominalists and realists, ib.—■
extensive influence of Aquinas’s sys¬
tem, 312-13—Spanish writers on scho¬
lastic ethics, 314, 422—Grotius’s views
of Carneades’s principles and argu¬
ments, 316—Hobbes’s principles ; see
Hobbes—difference between the acts
resulting from reason and passion,
331—self-love, 342, 366—difference
between it and benevolent affections,
344—definition of moral sentiments,
346—conscience, ib,, 402, 407-14—
avarice, 366—principle of hoarding, ib.
—origin of benevolence, 367—pity one
of its sources,ib.—Origin of sense of jus¬
tice, ib.—crime and duty, ib.—power
of association in regard to remorse, 368
—moral faculty uniformly spoken of
as one, ib.—moral approbation, ib.—
right and wrong, duty and virtue, ib.
—comparative merits of various reli¬
gions, 374 —ethics should contain
principles recognised by every reli¬
gion, ib. — honour, cowardice, and
duelling, 375—social affections and
malevolent passions, 380—humility,
381—love of praise, 382—utility and
virtue, ib„ 383, 401-2, 409—direct ob¬
ject of ethics, 384—intimately con¬
nected with law, ib.—Stewart’s ethical
theory, 393—principal object of con¬
science to govern our voluntary exer¬
tions, ib.—manner as an index of cha¬
racter and disposition, 395—Dr T.
Brown on sympathy and conscience,
399—defect of the terms association
and suggestion, 401—the laws of God
founded on principle of promoting
happiness, 402—question why evil'ex¬
ists, ib—virtue must be loved for its
own sake, 403 — primary pleasures,
pains, and appetites, 405—their num¬
ber not determined, ib;—two sects,
the partisans of the selfish principle,
and the advocates of benevolence, ib.
—secondary desires or pleasures, 406
—anger, 407—magnanimity, ib.—ope¬
ration of conscience in reference to
religious systems, 411—ethical philo¬
sophy of Scotland, ib.—of Germany;
Kant, 412. See Ethics.
Ethics, IX. 375—Aristotle on, III. 518
—practical, XV. 481—of the Hindus,
XVII. 428—of the Egyptians, 430.
See Ethical Philosophy, Moral Philo¬
sophy, Duty, Conscience,
Ethiopia, IX. 375; II. 49—Ethiopian
race of man, 709 ; XIV. 200 ; XVII.
554, 697—calendar, VI. 660—ancient
paintings, XVI. 693.
Ethiopian nations, IX. 375.
Ethiopians, their origin, XVII. 374—
intercourse with the Egyptians, 375.
Ethiopic alphabet, II. 549 ; XVjl. 375
—Bibles, IV. 016—language, ' XIII.
83; XVII. 374, 375.
Ethmoid bone, II. 771; III. 21.
Etiinarcha, or Ethnarch, IX. 382,
Ethnopiirones, heretics, IX. 382.
Etienne (Charles), his anatomical re¬
searches, II. 694.
 (St), in France, IX. 382.
Etiolation of vegetables, XIII. 340;
Etiquette, IX. 382;
INDEX
59
ETN—EUL
Etna. See JEtna.
Etoile, French town, IX. 332.
Etolia, in ancient Greece, IX. 383.
Eton, or Eaton, IX. 383—college at, V.
635—fagging at, VIII. 447,
Etruria, IX. 383—the arched dome in¬
vented in, III. 379—Etruscan li¬
braries, XIII. 289.
Etruscans, IX. 383; XIX. 376—their
alphabet, II. PI. 19—art. III. 2615
XVI. 695—architecture, III. 417—
language, XIII. 87; XVII. 108—
coins, XIV. 472—wars with the Ro¬
mans, XIX. 368, et seq.—sculpture,
XX. 3.
Etsch, in Austria, IX. 389. 1
Ettlingen, German city, IX. 389.
Ettmuller (Michel), IX. 389.
Ettrick, river, XX. 85.
Etymander, river, II. 212.
Etymology, IX. 390.
Eubages, Celtic priests, IX. 390.
Eubcea, island, IX. 390 5 II. 10—invad¬
ed by Philip of Macedon, XIII. 628.
Eubulides, his dialectic, VII. 756.
Eucalyptus globulus, IV. 209.
Eucharist, IX. 390; VII. 179; XX. 813.
Euchites, ancient heretics, IX. 390.
Euchlora, insect, IX. 159.
Euchloiine, VII. 640.
Euchologium, IX. 390.
Euchroite, specific gravity of, XII. 29.
Euclase, XV. 156—sp. gr. of, XII. 29.
Euclid of Alexandria, IX. 391 III.
730 ; X. 425—his Elements of Geo¬
metry, I. 435, 584; XIV. 314; XX.
359—on angles, III. 129—his personal
character, 289—his Data, VII. 632 ;
XX. 359—on proportional numbers,
XII. 258—on optics, XVI. 348 ; I. 504
—his Porisms, XVIII. 441; XX. 358.
  of Megara, IX. 391; XVIII.
13—his dialectic, VII. 756—his ad¬
miration of Socrates, XX. 445.
Eucnemis, insect, IX. 140.
Eucoelium, mdlluscum, XV. 371.
Euctemon, Greek astronomer. III. 728.
Eudemus on astronomy, III. 729—on
the mathematics, X. 425.
Eudialyte, specific gravity of, XII. 29.
Eudiometer, IX. 392; VI. 262; XVII.
531—Dr Ure’s detonating, VIII. 660.
Eudocia, empress, II. 538 ; VII. 284.
Eudosia, Athenian lady, IX. 392.
Eudoxians, heretics, IX. 393.
Eudoxus of Cnidus, geometer, X. 424;
III. 503, n. 8—his astronomy, 728.
 of Cyzicus, voyages of, X. 390.
Eugene (Prince), IX. 393 ; V. 143—his
military exploits, IV. 220 ; XXI. 413
—at the battle of Blenheim, V. 369.
Eugenius, Roman usurper, VII. 280.
Euglossa, insect, IX. 235.
Eugubian Tables, IX. 397.
Eulabes, birds, XVI. 573.
Euler (Leonard), IX. 398—his supre¬
macy as a mathematical analyst, I.
578—the real founder of the theory of
continued fx-actions, 589—his applica¬
tions of it, ib—his extension of the
properties of the angular sections, 596
—his invention of a method to de¬
termine particular integrals, 599—
his explication of the principles of
partial differences, 600—On dynamics,
603, 608—on the principle of magnet¬
ism, 626—his attempt to destroy the
coloured margin of a focal image,
633 — calculations and discoveries
of, regarding the planetary motions,
665-6—his character, II. 101—on
achromatic glasses,ib., 103—employ¬
ments of his last days, 185—on the
arithmetic of sines, 485, 493—on an¬
nuities, III. 199—on the problem of
the three bodies, 750; IV. 57—his
mathematical labours, III. 751—on
hydrostatics, XII. 10—on the polarity
of the needle, XIII. 688—on mecha¬
nics, XIV. 354, 355 —on wind-mill
sails, 433—on mortality, XV. 546—
on music, 605—On the resistance of
fluids, XIX. 178—On the strength Of
EUL—EUT
columns, XX. 760, 771—his modifi¬
cation of Barker’s mill, XXI. 806.
Euler (Albert), on overshot wheels, XII.
85—his water-mill, 94.
Eulogy, IX. 400.
Eulopa, insects, IX. 204.
Eumachus, VI. 188.
Eumarides, IX. 400.
Eumenes, IX. 400 ; XIII. 640, et sea. :
XVII. 228, 229.
 , Athenian orator, IX. 401.
 , insect, IX. 231.
Eutnenia, insects, IX. 242.
Eumenides, the Furies, IX. 401.
Eumenidia, Greek festivals, IX. 401.
Eumerus, insect, IX. 273.
Eumolpides, priests of Ceres, IX. 401.
Eumolpus, insect, IX. 183.
Eumorphus, insect, IX. 185.
Eunapius of Sardis, sophist, IX. 401.
Eunice, worm, XI. 219.
Eunomians, heretics, IX. 401.
Eunuchs, IX. 401; VI. 236—said by
Lord Bacon to be envious, and good
spies, VII. 676.
Euonymese, in botany, V. 105.
Eupatrid*, IX. 401.
Eupelix, insect, IX. 204.
Eupen, Prussian city, IX. 402.
Euphonia, bird, XVI. 571.
Euphony, in grammar, IX. 402.
Euphorbia, in botany, V. 66.
Euphorbiaceas, in botany, V. 129.
Euphorbium, VL 491—specific gravity
of, XII. 29.
Euphorbus, a Trojan, IX. 402.
Euphorion, IX. 402.
Euphranor, Greek painter, XVI. 704.
Euphrates, river, IX. 402; IV. 279,280.
Euphrosine, worm, XI. 219.
Euplocampus, insect, IX. 252.
Euplocomus, bird, XVI. 610.
Eupoda, insects, IX. 180.
Eupolis, Greek poet, IX. 402.
Eupompus, Greek painter, XVI. 701.
Eure, in France, IX. 402.
 and Loire, in France, IX. 403.
Eurhinus, ihsect, IX. 172.
Euric, Gothic king in Spain, XX. 493.
Eurina, insect, IX. 288.
Eurinorhynchus, bird, XVI. 624.
Euripedes, IX. 403—tragedies of, VIII.
148—danced on the stage, 152—inti¬
macy of Socrates with, XX. 439.
Euroclydon, wind, IX. 404.
Europa, in fabulous history, IX. 404.
Europe, IX. 404—balance of power in,
IV. 308—inland navigation of, XVI.
4—birds, 644—heights of mountains,
XVII. 505, 557—volcanoes, 512—
lakes, 523—course of rivers, XIX.
252—serpents, XX. 134—map of, IX.
Plate 243.
Euryale, in mythology, IX. 421.
Eurybia, insect, IX. 242.
Eurychora, insects, IX. 163.
Eurydice, IX. 421.
Eurylamus, bird, XVI. 577.
Eurymedon, river, IX. 421.
Eurypyga, bird, XVI. 618.
Eurystheus, king of Argos, IX. 421.
Eusebians, sect of Arians, IX. 421.
Eusebius, bishop of Caesarea, IX. 421—
his character, XIX. 635.
  the Asiatic, his blindness and
erudition, IV. 700.
Eustace (Reverend Mr),his character of
Bossuet, V. 26.
Eustachian tube, II. 801.
Eustachius (Bartholomeo), his anatomi¬
cal discoveries, II. 696, 698 — his
Plates, XII. 727.
Eustathians, IX. 422.
Eustathius, IX; 422; XIII. 293—his
commentary on Homer, XI. 547.
Eustatia (St), island, IX. 422.
Eustatius (St), island, V. 417.
Eustrophus, insect, IX. 166,
Eustyle, IX. 423; III. 466.
Euterpe, a Muse, IX. 423 ; XV. 603.
Euthydemus, XX. 445.
Euthymia, IX. 423.
Butin, city of Oldenburg, IX. 423.
EUT—EXC
Eutropius (Flavius), a Latin historian,
IX. 423.
Eutychians, heretics, IX. 423.
Eutychius of Alexandria, IX. 424.
Euxenides, Greek painter, XVI. 701.
Euxinus Pontus, or Black Sea, IX.
424, 408 ; IV. 658 ; XVII. 520.
Evaisthetus, insect, IX. 137.
Evagrius Scholasticus, IX. 424.
Evander, king of Arcadia, IX. 424.
Evangelists, IX. 4 24.
Evania, insect, IX. 218.
Evaniales, insects, IX. 218.
Evans (Mr) his journey into the interior
of New Holland, IV. 207.
 (General), XX. 512, 513.
  (Oliver), inventor of the high
pressure steam-engine, XX. 642.
 (Rice), prophecies of, XX. 813.
Evantes, IX. 424.
Evaporation, IX. 424; XI. 190 ; XIV.
729—of fluids from plants, III. 57—
Leslie’s atmometer for measuring, IV.
131—cold produced by, VII. 58, 62,
504; XIV. 730—principle of its fri-
gOrific power, VII. 60—crystalliza¬
tion by, 506—electricity developed by,
VIII. 004—spontaneous, XVII. 532-
in air-pump, XVIII. 87—from the
sea, XX. 549—by steam, XX. 606—
statistical tables of evaporation in
steam-boilers, XX. 685.
Evates, Druids, IX. 433
Evchester, VIII. 290.
Eve, mother of mankind, IX. 433.
Evection of moon’s orbit, III. 789.
Evelyn (John), IX. 433—on agricul¬
ture, II. 258—on erratic spiders, III.
362—on the English stage, VIII. 171,
172—on shipping, XX. 224—his .SyR/a,
XXL 289.
 (Sir G. S.), his barometrical mea¬
surements, IV. 399, 400.
Eventuality, faculty of, XVII. 465.
Evergetes, or Euergetes, IX. 434.
Evergreens, VII. 672; XI. 678; XVII.
780, 785.
Evesham,IX. 434—battle of, VIII. 725.
Evidence, IX. 434—Dr Beddoes on de¬
monstrative, IV. 514—the Economists
on, VIII. 401—law of, IX. 35 ; XII.
464—sources of, XIV. 636, et seq.
Evil, IX. 434—origin of, I. 402; HI.
297; XIV. 700; XVIII. 667; XXL 209.
Evolution, in algebra, II. 433.
Evora, Portuguese city, IX. 434.
Evremond (C. de St Denis), IX. 434.
Evremoniana, II. 676.
Evrecx, in Frafice, IX. 435.
Ewanpilly, Hindu town, IX. 435.
Ewell, town in Surrey, IX. 435.
Ewes, milking of, injurious, II. 334—
milk of, VI. 499. See Sheep.
Ex, or Exe, river. See Exe.
Exaggeration, IX. 435.
Exaltation, IX. 435—of the Cross, ib.
Examination, IX. 435—academical exa¬
minations at Oxford, XXI. 498; Cam¬
bridge, 504 ; London, 507; Dublin,
524, 525.
Exarch, IX. 435, 436.
Exauctoratio, IX. 436.
ExcalcEation, IX. 436.
Excellency, title, IX. 436.
Excentric, in geometry, IX. 436.
Excentricity, in astronomy, IX. 436.
Excess, IX. 436.
Exchange, in political economy, IX.
436. See Bills of Exchange.
   , or burse, IX. 461; V. 745—of
London, Xlil. 501—London stock-
exchange, 502.
Exchequer, IX. 461 —origin of the
word, II. 7—Scotch Court of, VIII.
419; XIX. 757.
 Islands, IV: 213.
Excise, IX. 461 —Sir R. Walpole’s
scheme of, V. 378—excise-laws inju¬
rious to distillation, VIII. 45.
Exclusion, bill of, IX. 461.
Excommunication, IX. 461; XL 493.
Excrement, IX. 462—voiding of, not
instinctive, XII. 302, See Excretion.
EXC—EXP
Excrescence, in surgery, IX. 462.
Excretion, XVII. 583, 654.
Excretory ducts, IX. 462 ; XVII. 648.
Excubije, Roman guards, IX. 462.
Excusati, IX. 462.
Exe, river, IX. 435 ; VII. 745—its na¬
vigation, XVI. 13.
Exeat, in church discipline, IX. 462.
Execration, IX. 462.
Executions for crimes in England and
Wales, VIIL 803—pleasure from wit¬
nessing, 54.
Executive power, IX. 462.
Executor and Executry, IX. 462.
Exedraj, IX. 462.
Exegesis, IX. 463.
Exegetes, IX. 463.
Exegetica, in algebra, IX. 463.
Exembryonatai, in botany, V. 53.
Exembryonate plants, V. 92.
Exemplar, IX. 463.
Exercise, IX. 463—conducive to health,
XIV. 509—ajora or gestation, II. 174
—racing, IX. 502—riding, XL 608—
exercises in Sparta, XX. 530—in mi¬
litary affairs, IX. 463.
ExERGtiM, among antiquaries, IX. 463.
Exeter, IX. 463—cathedral of, III.
456 ; VII. 747—canal, XVI. 13.
Exfoliation, IX. 463.
Exhalants of the human body, II. 727—
of plants, III. 56.
Exhalation, IX. 463.
Exhaustions,in mathematics, IX. 463.
Exheredation, in law, IX. 465.
Exhibition, in law, IX. 465.
Exhibitioners at Oxford, XXL 496:
Exhortation, in rhetoric, IX, 465.
Exigenters, IX. 465.
Exile, IX. 465.
Existence, IX. 465.
Exit, IX. 465.
Exiteria, oblations, IX. 465.
Exmoor sheep, II. 329.
 forest, XX. 475.
Exmouth, in Devonshire, IX. 465j
  (Lord), his expedition against
Algiers, II. 510.
Exocarpese, in botany, V. 128.
Exocetus, fish, XII. 201.
Exodiary, in Roman tragedy, IX. 465.
Exodium, IX 465.
Exodus, book of, IX. 465.
Exogenoe, in botany, V. 94.
Exogenous plants, V. 33.
Exorcism, IX. 465; XX. 812—cure of
diseases by, XIV. 9.
Exorcists, IX. 465.
Exordium, or preamble, in oratory, IX.
465 ; XIX. 213.
Exorhizse, in botany, V. 51.
Exostosis, XXI. 615.
Exoteric and Esoteric, IX. 466.
Exotic, IX. 466.
Expansibility of air, XVIII. 78, 97.
Expansion, IX. 406—produced by elec¬
tricity, VIII. 624 ; by heat, XI. 187.
Expectation, IX.466. See Probability.
  of life, IX. 466 ; XV. 560—in
different countries, XVIII. 420—in
England, 424.
Expenditure of the United Kingdom,
VIIL 794.
Experience, IX. 466—as a ground of
human judgment, XIII. 439, 440—
evidence from, XIV. 639—its testi¬
mony slighted by Plato, XVIII. 29.
Experimental philosophy, IX. 466;
XVII. 439, 572.
Experimentum crucis, IX. 466.
Expiation, IX. 466—feast of, ib.
Expletives, Greek, XVII. 401.
Explosion, IX. 466—engines moved by
explosion of ^as, &c., XIV. 437.
Exponent, IX. 468.
Exponential quantities, IX. 468 ; H.
470—calculus, IX. 468 ; V. 787-
curve, IX. 468—equation, ib.
Exportation, taxes on, XXL 115.
Exports from the United Kingdom,
VIII. 780, 782—decline of real and
increase of official value, 785.
Exposing, JX. 468—of children, i* s
60
INDEX,
EXP—FAB
Exposition, IX. 4;«8.
Expositob, or Expository, IX. 468.
Ex-post-facto, in law, IX. 468.
Expostulation, IX. 468.
Expressed Oils, IX. 468.
Expression, in rhetoric, IX. 468 ;paint-
ing, ib.; engraving, 51; music, XIV.
542; sculpture, XX. 10—of counter
nance, XIV. 195.
Expurgatory Indexes, IV. 628.
Exsiccation, in chemistry, IX. 468.
Expiration, in physiology, IX. 468.
Extast, IX. 468.
Extension, IX, 468—perception of,
XIV. 609.
Extensor muscles, IX. 468.
Extent, in law, IX. 468.
External, IX. 468.
Extispex, in antiquity, IX. 469.
Extortion, IX. 469.
Extraction, IX. 469—of the square
and cube roots, III. 566.
Extracts, vegetable, XII. 628,
Extraordinarii, IX. 469.
Extraordinary, IX. 469—couriers, ib.
Extravagantes, IX. 469.
Extravasation, IX. 469.
Extreme, IX. 469.
Extrinsic, in metaphysics, IX, 469,
Exuviae of animals, IX. 469.
Ey, IX. 469,
Eye described, XIII. 341 ; XVI, 511—
its structure first analysed by Kepler,
I. 509—muscles of the, II. 794, 800—
anatomy of the, 798 ; XVII. 667—■
expression of the, XIV. 196—its state
in making microscopical observations,
XV. 5ii-^its functions, XVII. 667—
alleged reading by somnambulists
without the aid of, XX. 477—its dis¬
eases in the domestic animals, XXI.
634—effects of galvanism on the, 681
—eyes of albinos, II. 383—of the
lower animals, III. 21—of ants, 240
—of the arachnides, 348—those of
spiders phosphorescent, 358, n.—of
the Crustacea, VII. 498—of insects,
IX. 79—of fishes, XII. 157j—of qua¬
drupeds, XVII. 703. See Eyeball,
Eyelids, Optics, Sight.
   —, a town in Suffolk, IX. 469.
 river navigation, XVI. 21.
Eyeball, its form in different animals,
III. 22.
Eyk (Van), XVI. 710.
Eylais, araelmides, III. 369.
Eylau, battle of, X. 145; XIX. 559.
Eyelids, II. 800—their motion not in¬
stinctive, XII. 302—third eyelid, or
nictitating membrane, III. 25.
Eyemouth, in Berwickshire, IX, 469.
Eye-teeth, II. 780.
Eynapoor, Hindu town, IX. 469.
Eyrie, in falconry, IX. 469,
Eytelwein on the motion and velocity of
water, XII. 6, 65.
Ezekiel, IX. 470—Book of, 469—style
of, XVIII. 147.
Ezetova, Russian river, IX. 470.
Ezra, XVII. 364—Book of, IX. 470—
the Scriptures collected by, IV. 612
—his supposed additions to them, 613
—his canon, VI. 90.
F
F, letter of the alphabet, IX. 470,
Faber (Tanaquillus), IX. 528.
Fabian (Robert), IX. 470.
Fabii, Roman family, IX. 470.
Fabius Pictor, IX. 470.
 Maximus Verrucosus, IX, 471
—his war with Hannibal, VI. 198.
Fable, IX. 471 — origin of, II. 197;
XV. 675.
Fabliaux, French, XVIII. 164.
Fabretti on inscriptions, XII. 292.
Fabriano (Gentile da), IX. 471.
■ , Italian city, IX. 471.
Fabricius (George), poet, IX. 471.
• ■ (Jerome), ab Aquapendente, IX.
FAB—FAL
472—his anatomical discoveries, II.
697—on surgery, XX. 829.
Fabricius (John), on the sun’s spots,
III. 778.
 (John Albert), IX. 472.
—  (John Christian), IX. 473—
merits of his entomological system,
III. 170—publication of his notes of
Linnaeus’s lectures, V. 89—on the
Crustacea, VII. 500.
 (Otho), on entomology, IX. 97,
et seq.—on ornithology, XVI. 549,
 (Vincent),IX. 473.
Fabrot (Charles-Annibal), IX. 474,
Fabry on aeronautics, II. 179.
Fabulous, IX. 475.
Faqade, in architecture, III. 467.
Facata, seaport in Japan, IX. 475,
Face, IX. 475—human, XVII. 614,701
—constituent parts of, II. 757—bones
of, 776, 784—muscles of, 794—bones
of, in mammalia, HI. 5; in birds, 12
—its expression, XIV, 195.
Facial angle, II. 785 ; III. 6; XVII. 701.
Facies Hippoorattca, IX. 475.
Fackerdin, XXI. 64.
Faction, IX. 475.
Factitious, IX. 475.
Factor, IX. 475.
Factorage, IX. 475—calculation of,
III. 556.
Factory, IX. 475.
 regulation laws, XXI. 938.
Facul.®, in astronomy, IX. 475.
Faculty, IX. 475 — in universities,
XXI. 485, n. 5,
Fsenus, insect, IX. 218.
Faenza, Italian city, IX. 475.
Faernus (Gabriel), IX. 475—his edition
of Terence, XXI. 185.
Fagging at Eton, VIII. 447.
Faggot, IX. 476.
Fagnani (Count de), on fluxions, IX.
640; XIV. 322.
Fahlberg’s experiments on the gymno-
tus electricus, VIII. 613.
Fahlun, in Sweden, mines of, XV 251 •
XXL 31.
Fahrenheit, his araeometer, III. 371 
his thermometer, IV. 393 ; XIV.
724 ; XXL 237, 239—his hydrometer,
XII. 22,
Faid, Arabian town, IX. 476.
Faifo, in Cochin-China, IX. 476.
Failsworth, in Lancashire, IX. 476.
Faint Action, IX. 476.
Fair wind, IX. 477.
Fair Isle, IX. 477.
Fairs, IX. 476—in Ava, IV. 244 -
France, X. 193; Hindustan, XL 386;
Hungary, 726; Hurdwar, 760 ; Leip-
sic, X. 487; Stourbridge, or Stur-
bich, VI. 34,
Fairfax (Edward), poet, IX. 477.
  (Thomas, Lord), IX. 478; V.
325, et seq.
Fairford, IX. 480.
Fairy, IX. 480—circle, ib.
Fairy-tales, XIX. 352.
Faith, in theology, IX. 480—justifica¬
tion by, XXL 230.
Faithorn (William), IX. 481.
Fakenham, in Norfolk, IX. 481.
Fakirs, Indian monks, IX. 481.
Falaba, African town, XII. 759.
Falaise, in France, IX. 481.
Falasha, IX. 481.
Falcade, IX. 481.
Falcated,IX. 481.
Falcinellus, bird, XVI. 624.
Falcon, XVI. 565.
Falconer (William), IX. 481—poetry
of, XVIII. 173.
Falconid®, birds, XVI. 560.
Falconry, IX. 482 ; XX. 300.
Falcunculus, bird, XVI. 568.
Falkirk, IX, 482; XX. 733—battles
of, V. 382 ; XIX. 709 ; XXL 723—
carse of, VI. 178 ; XIX. 746.
Falkland, town in Fife, IX. 483.
Falkland Islands, XVII. 119 ; V. 143
—dispute between Britain and Spain
about them, V. 391.
FAL—FAR
Falkland (Lucius Cary, Lord), VI. 208
-—death of, V. 325.
Fall, IX. 483.
 of man, IX. 483; XXL 215—
its consequences, 216.
Fallenia, insect, IX. 267.
Falling-sickness. See Epilepsy.
Falling-stars, VIII. 623 ; IX. 587.
Fallopian tubes, II. 826; XVII. 689.
Fallopius (Gabriel), IX. 483—notices
of his anatomical discoveries, II. 696,
698 ; XVII. 727.
Fallow-deer, XIV. 160—shooting of,
XX. 302.
Fallowing, in agriculture, II. 277.
Falmouth, in Cornwall, IX. 484,
  , in Jamaica, XII. 501.
False, IX. 484,
False-quarter, XXL 620.
Falsi Crimen, IX. 484.
Falsify, IX. 484.
Falster, island, IX. 484 ; IV. 328.
Falu, in Sweden, IX. 484.
Falx of the dura mater, II. 811.
Fama clamosa, IX. 484.
Fame, in mythology, IX. 484.
 , love of, X. 584 ; XV. 468.
Famia, or Famieh, IX. 485.
Familiars of the Inquisition, or Cross¬
bearers, IX. 485.
Family, IX. 485.
   Islands, IX. 485.
Famine, XL 731—at Antioch about
the year 331, HI. 252—in Egypt, in
the year 1066, VIII. 479.
Fan, IX. 485.
Fanatics, IX. 485.
Fancy, poetic, XVIII. 142. See Taste,
Apparitions.
Fan-fish, XII. 184.
Fangs of serpents, III. 40.
Fanions, IX. 485.
Fanners, IX. 485; XVIII. 136.
Fano, IX. 485; XVII. 4.
Fanshawe (Sir Richard), IX. 465,
Fantasia, in music, IX. 486
Fantees, III. 6 67.
Fanum, IX. 486.
Faraday (Michael), his electrical disco¬
veries, VIII. 574—rhis new law of
electrical conduction, 581—on the
pyro-electricity of oxalate of lime,
598—on the electricity of the sun’s
rays, 608 — on electro-chemical de¬
composition, 630—his apparatus and
experiments for that end, 631—on
Mr Barry’s experiments, 632—on elec¬
tro-magnetism, 638; XXI. 684—his
improvements on the electrophorus,
VIII. 645—his instructions for using
electrometers, 654—on chemical fil¬
tration, IX. 582—on magnetic metals,
XIII. 700—his voltaic trough, XXI.
667—his voltameter, 674—on conduc-
tors of electricity, 675—his electro¬
chemical discoveries, 678—on mag¬
neto-electricity, 690.
Faraha, Arabian town, IX. 486.
Farandman, IX. 486.
Farce, IX. 486.
Farcy a disease of horses, XXL 63(.
Fardapoor, Hindu town, IX. 486.
Fardlebound, a disease, XXI. 625.
Fareiiam, in Hampshire, IX. 486,
Farewell (Cape), IX. 487.
Farey’s elliptograph, VIII. 673.
Farina, XVII. 625.
Fario, angling for, III, 138.
Farleu, IX. 487.
Farm, IX. 487—subdivisions of farms,
II. 273—size of, 346—size of English,
11■ 7 6 6—large and small farms com¬
pared, VII. 387.
Farm-cottages, II. 273.
Farm-houses, II. 270.
Farmer, IX. 487—British, II. 342. See
Agriculture, Corn-laws.
 (Hugh), IX. 487.
 (Richard), IX. 487,
Farming of taxes, XXI. 100.
Farnabie (Thomas), IX. 488.
Farnese (Cardinal), VI. 132.
— Palace, III. 426, 453, 459 i
FAR—FEC
Farnham, town in Surrey, IX. 488-
Royal Military College at, II. 79.
Farnovians, heretics, IX. 488.
Farnworth, IX. 488.
Faro, in Portugal, IX. 488.
Faroe Islands, IX. 489—ballads of the,
IV. 320.
Farquhar (George), comic writer, IX
489 ; VIII. 172.
Farquharson (Rev. James), on aurora
borealis, IV. 197, 198, 200.
Farrier, IX. 490.
Farriery, or veterinary science, IX.
490 ; XXL 612 ; XI, 606.
Farringdon, in Berkshire, IX. 491,
Fars, in Persia, IX. 491.
Fartach, Arabian sea-port, IX. 491,
Farthing, IX. 491.
Fasces, IX. 492.
Fascets, in glass-making, IX. 492.
Fascia, IX. 492—in anatomy, II. 740 
in architecture, IX. 492 ; III. 467,
Fasciculus, in botany, V. 41.
Fascination, IX. 492.
Fascines, IX. 492.
Fasciolaria, in conchology, XV. 347.
Fashion, its effect on taste, IV. 493.
Fast, IX. 492 ; II. 45 ; III. 167 ; VIII,
22—Mahommedan fasts, XIV. 38-
death from fasting, 498.
Fastermans, IX. 493.
Fasti, IX. 493—Dies Fasti, ib.
Fastolf (Sir John), IX. 493.
Fat, IX. 493; II. 716; XL 732; XVII.
583, 597, 650—tissue containing, II.
715—alimentary qualities of, VHI.
20—specific gravity of, XII. 29—in
insects, IX. 84.. See Fatting.
 , or vat, IX. 494.
 oils, VI. 442. See Oil.
Fata Morgana, IX. 494 ; XIV. 750;
XV 698—in the Sahara, XIX. 612.
Fate, IX- 494—stoical, XVIII. 514.
Fates (the), XVII. 68.
Fatesch, ip Russia, IX. 495.
Fathemites, IX. 495,
Father, IX. 495.
Father lasher, fish, XII. 174,
Fathom, IX. 495.
Fatio de Duillier, IX. 633.
Fatsisio, island, IX. 495.
Fatting of cattle, II. 326—of sheep, 336.
Fatuarh, IX. 495.
Faugher, battle of, XII. 357.
Faulls (R. and A.). See Foulis.
Faults in rocks, XV. 187, 198, 276.
Fauna, IX. 495.
Faunalia, IX. 495.
Fauns, IX. 495,
Faussigny, in Savoy, IX. 495.
Faust (John), X. 278; XVIII. 543.
Favignana, island, IX. 495,
Faviss®, IX. 495.
Favonius, IX. 495.
Favorinus, orator, IX, 495.
Fawkes (Francis), poet, IX. 495.
 (Guy), V. 306.
Fawn, IX. 496.
 colour, dyeing of, VIII. 332.
Fay (M. du), on dew, VII. 749, 750.
Fayal, one of the Azores, IV. 263.
Fayetteville, in Tennessee, XXI. 183.
Fayrer’s clock, VI. 778.
Fe (Santa), Spanish city, IX. 496.
Fe, Fo, or Fold, See Foh;.
Fealty, in law, IX. 496,
Fear, IX. 496—its tendency to make
nations take excessive precautions
against enemies, VII. 122—Are in¬
fants susceptible of it? XII. 303.
Feast, or Festival, IX, 496—excellent
effects of ancient feasts, HI, 257 
their utility, ib,—dancing at, VII. 614.
 , or banquet, IX. 497.
Feathers of birds, IX. 498 ; XVI. 555
—plucking of, XIII. 351.
Featherings, in architecture, III. 467.
Febrifuge, IX* 498.
Februarx, IX. 498—gardening opera¬
tions in, XI. 688.
Feburier’s hive, III. 283.
Fecamp, French city, IX. 498,
Fechingse, Chinese city, IX. 498.
INDEX
61
FEC—FEE
Feciales, Roman priests, IX. 498.
Fecundation of flowers, XXI. 582.
Fecundity of vegetables, XXI. 585.
Feddan, VIII. 523, n. 2,
Fee, IX. 498—fee-farm, 499.
Feeding-apparatus of boilers, XX. 680.
Feejee Islands, IX. 499 5 XVIII. 322.
Feeling, Dr T. Brown’s application of
the term, I. 397. See Emotion.
 (senseof), XIV. 608 5 XVII. 579,
661—in bees, IV. 523—weak in in¬
sects, III. 164.
Feet-BEAKEa, IX. 499.
Fehrabad, Persian town, IX. 499.
F einaigle( G.de),hismnemonics,XV.390.
Felahi, VIII. 115.
Felaniche, Spanish town, IX. 499.
Felapton, in logic, IX. 499.
Felegyaza, in Hungary, IX. 499.
Felibien (Andrg),IX. 499.
Felicitas, IX. 499.
Felicudi, island, IX. 499 ; XIII. 370.
Felis, XIV. 120—bones of the foot in
this genus, III. 9 —organs of voice, 28.
Felix V. (Pope), II. 582.
Fell (Bishop), his scandalous treatment
of Locke, XIII. 412.
Fellahs of Egypt, VIII. 522.
Fellatahs, XI. 711.
Felienberg (Monsieur), XXI. 50
Felo de Se, IX. 499.
Felon, in law, IX. 499.
Felony, IX. 499, 29 ; XVIII. 738.
Feloops, XX. 94.
Felspar, XV. 152—sp. gr. of, XII. 29.
Felt, IX. 500.
Felting, IX. 500 ; VIII. 299 ; X. 265 5
XXI. 925, 930, 933.
Felton on Dryden, VIII. 223.
 , assassin, V. 313.
Felucca, IX. 500,- IV. 722.
Feludje, IX. 500.
Feludsje, island, IX. 500.
Female, IX. 500. See Woman.
Femekn, island, IX. 500.
Feminine, in grammar, IX. 500.
Femme covert, IX. 500—sole, ib.
Femur, or thigh-bone, II. 789—its upper
joint, 791—in the mammalia, III. 9—
in birds, 13—in reptiles, 15.
Fen, IX. 500 ; XV. 572—fens of Lin¬
colnshire, XIII. 351, 352.
Fence, IX. 500—in gardening, X. 331—
fences of farms, II. 273.
Fence-month, IX. 500.
Fencing, IX. 500.
Fenelon (F. de *S. de L.), IX. 504 ;
XVIII. 792—his w’orks, I. 82, 83—
his contest with Bossuet, 335 ; V. 25
—his character I. 83, 335—why dis¬
trusted by Louis XIV., 335—his de-
fence of Madame Guyon, 336—his ba¬
nishment from the French court," and
condemnation by the Pope, ib.—his
comparison of Demosthenes and Ci¬
cero, VII. 710.
Fennee, in zoology, XIV. 117.
Fennel, XI. 675.
Fenny Sthatford, XX. 747.
Fenton (Sir Geoffrey), IX. 508.
—  (Elijah), poet, IX. 508.
Fenugreek, yellow dye-stuff, VIII. 321.
Feod. See Feudal Law.
Feodor, XIX. 541.
• Ivanovitch, XIX. 537.
Feodosia, in Russia, IX. 509.
Feoffment, in law, IX. 509.
Fer de Fourchette, IX. 509.
Ferse, in zoology, XIV. 98.
Feeah, Persian town, IX. 509.
Feralia, Roman festival, IX. 509.
Ferdinand and Isabella, XX. 498.
 III., of Leon, XX. 496.
——-— VI., of Spain, XX. 504.
   VIL, of Spain, XX. 505.
Ferdousi, Persian poet, XVII. 252, 382.
Fere (La), French town, IX. 509.
Ferentarii, IX. 509.
Feretrius, IX. 509.
FeretrUm, IX. 509.
Ferg (Francis Paul), IX. 609.
Fergus, river, VI. 724—its navigation,
XVI. 22.
FER—FET
Ferguson (Adam), IX. 510—on the his¬
tory of language, 1.17 6—-on Dr Reid’s
works, 219.
 (James), IX. 514—his clock with
few wheels, VI. 777—his lunar and
tide clock, 778.
 (Robert), poet, IX, 514.
 (R.), “the plotter,” VII. 599.
  — (Robert), of Raith, his observa¬
tions on subterranean temperature,
VI. 745.
Fergusonite, a mineral, XV. 162—spe¬
cific gravity of, XII. 29.
Feria, IX. 515.
Feri.®, IX. 515—Latinse, ib.
Feriana, African city, IX. 515.
Ferioniens, insects, IX. 126.
Fermanagh, IX. 515—effects of the cot¬
tage-system in, VII. 390.
Fermat (Pierre de), IX. 518, 632—his
method of drawing tangents to curves,
I. 445—on refraction, 512—his edi¬
tion of Diophantus, II. 421—his dis¬
putes with Descartes, VI. 181—not
the discoverer of the differential cal¬
culus, XIII. 208—his mathematical
discoveries, XIV. 317—on probability,
XVIII. 591.
Ferment, IX. 519.
Fermentation, IX. 519—of bread, IV.
299—in brewing, V. 247, 255—theory
of, 247—vinous, VIII. 52—in distille¬
ries, 47—influence of electricity on,
•.633.
 , in wine-making, XXI. 894—cir¬
cumstances and phenomena of, 895—
management of, 896.
Fermo, in Italy, IX. 519.
Fermoselle, in Spain, IX. 519.
Ferns, V. 37, 138—organs of reproduc¬
tion in, 54.
Fernand (John), blind author, IV.
700.
Fernando. See Juan Fernandez.
 de Noronha, IX.519.
 Po, island, IX. 519.
 san d’Apure, IX. 519.
Fernel, measurement of arc of meridian
by, I. 502 ; IX. 547 ; XIV. 317.
Fernelius (John), IX. 519.
Ferney, French town, IX. 520.
Feroe Islands, IX. 520—Feroese bal¬
lads, IV. 320.
Ferokabad, IX. 520.
Feronia, insect, IX. 124.
Ferozegur, IX. 520.
Ferozepoor, IX. 520.
Ferrah, IX. 520.
Ferrajo-Porto, IX. 520.
Ferrara, in Italy, IX. 520.
Ferrari (Lewis), discovery in algebra by,
II. 423.
Ferrars (George), IX. 520.
Ferreanah, IX. 520.
Ferrein’s theory of voice, XVII. 683.
Ferrerius (J.), V. 159, n. 3.
Ferret, XIV. 109.
Ferretto, IX. 520.
Ferro, a Canary island, IX. 520.
 Islands. See Feroe.
Ferrol, Spanish city, IX. 521.
Ferrous (Scipio), his improvements in
algebra, II. 422.
Ferriar (Dr) on apparitions, III. 302, tt
seg.—on hysteria, XVII. 487 —his Il¬
lustrations of Sterne, XX. 721.
Ferrocyanodides, VI. 456.
Ferruginous, IX. 521.
Ferte-la-Milon, IX. 521.
Ferte sous Jouarre, IX. 521.
Ferula, IX. 521.
Fescenn-ia, IX. 521.
Fescen-nine verses, IX. 521.
Fess, in heraldry, XI. 249.
Festi dies, IX. 521.
Festino, in logic, IX. 521.
Festival. See Feast.
Festoon, IX. 521.
Festus (Pompeius Sextus), IX. 521.
Fetiche, VII. 215.
Fetid gum-resins, VI. 490.
Fetlock, IX. 522.
Fettstein, specific gravity of, XII. 29.
FEU—FIG
Feuchtwang, IX. 522.
Feud, IX. 522.
Feudal law, IX. 522—Sir Thomas
Craig on the, VIL 441.
 *- system, agriculture under the,
II. 252, 347—allegiance, 519—armies,
III. 595 —effect of the Crusades on the,
VII. 491—its influence on poetry,
XVIII. 156.
Feuillants, X. 66.
Fever, prevalence of, in marshy districts,
IV. 138—treatment of, in the do¬
mestic animals, XXL 613.
Feversham, town in Kent, IX. 528—
James II. at, V. 359.
Fevre (Tannegui Le), IX. 528.
Fez, in Africa, IX. 528 ; XV. 503—ma¬
nufactures of, IV. 365.
Fezzan, IX. 530 5 II. 236.
Fiat, in law, IX. 533.
Fiber, in zoology, XIV. 135.
Fibrari®, IX. 533.
Fibre, IX. 533—fibres of human body,
II. 711—colours of, XVI. 450.
Fibric acid, VI. 427.
Fibrin, VI. 494; XVII. 621, 622—its
qualities as an aliment, VIII. 18—
fibrinous secretions, XVII. 650.
Fibro-cartilage, II. 748—of the verte¬
brae, 760.
Fibrolite, in mineralogy, XV. 155.
Fibrous, IX. 533—tissues of animals,
III. 158; XVII. 581, 603—strength
of fibrous bodies, XX. 755.
Fibula, or leg-bone, IX. 533 ; II. 790,
792—in the mammalia. III. 9—in
birds, 13—in reptiles, 15.
 , ancient button, IX. 533.
Fichte (John Theophilus), IX. 533—
on meaning of the pronoun I, I. 200.
Ficinus (Marsilius), IX. 536.
Ficoideae, in botany, V. 112.
Ficus. See Fig-tree.
Fidd, IX. 536—hammer, ib.
Fiddes (Richard), IX. 536.
Fiddle. See Violin.
Fide-jussor, IX. 5 37.
Fidei-commissum, IX. 537.
Fides, IX. 537.
Fidius, IX. 537.
Field, in heraldry, IX. 537.
 (Mr), on canal-locks, XVI. 33.
Field’s Bible, XVIII. 558.
Field-book, IX. 537.
Field-colours, IX. 537.
Field-fare, XVI. 571—shooting, XX.
307.
Field-glass of telescope, XXL 164.
Field-pieces, IX. 537.
Fielding (Henry), IX. 537—merits of
his novels, XIX. 338.
Fieri Facias, IX. 542.
Fiesole, Italian city, IX. 542.
Fifeshire, IX. 542—cattle of, II. 324—
ferries on the Forth, IX. 767.
Fig, V. 50—sugar of figs, VI. 473.
Fig-tree, IX. 536—culture of the, XL
640, 659.
Figeac, in France, IX. 545.
Figites, insects, IX. 226.
Fignuredo (Jonge de), V. 189.
Figueras, Spanish town, IX. 545.
Figurative, IX. 545.
 language, VII. 186.
Figure, IX. 545—perception of, XIV
609, 611, 612. See Form.
Figures, in rhetoric, XIX. 214,
Figure and Size of the Earth, IX.
546; VII. 678; X. 393, 404 ; I. 501
—no correct information of, derived
from antiquity, ib.—attempt of Era¬
tosthenes to measure an arc of the
meridian, ib.—first modern measure¬
ment of any accuracy, by Snellius,
502— measurement of an arc by Nor¬
wood, Fernel, and Picard, ib.; VI.
218—Richer’s observation that a pen¬
dulum beats slower at the equator, I.
503— explanation of this by Newton
and Huygens, ib.—determination of
from of the earth by Newton, 561—
measurements by Cassini and Fonte-
nelle, 569 ; VI. 218 — Maclaurin’s
FIL—FIN
view of earth’s figure, I. 656—mea¬
surement of degrees of latitude under
equator and within arctic circle, 657-
8 ; V. 144 ; VIL 199—measurement
of degree of latitude by La Caille, I.
658—measurement of degrees by De-
lambre, &c., 659—various estimates
of amount of depression at poles, 660
—measurement of a perpendicular to
the meridian by Brousseaud, ib.—es¬
timate of earth’s figure by vibrations
of pendulum, ib.—Kater’s convertible
pendulum, ib. — Ivory’s estimate of
Barth’s ellipticity, 661—analytical in¬
vestigations to determine earth’s
figure, by Clairaut, Legendre, and La¬
place, ib.; III. 752—the demonstra¬
tion completed by Ivory, I. 661—dis¬
cussions regarding earth’s figure led
to an examination of the theory of the
tides, 662—corrigendum in this article,
XXI. 361,,n. 2. See Trigonometrical
Survey.
Filagree IX. 579 ; XX. 805.
Filament IX. 575—vegetable, ib.—of
flowers, III. 95, 97-—in botany, V. 43
—filamentous tissue of the human
body, II. 713.
Filanders, IX. 575.
Filangieri (Gaetan), political econo¬
mist, IX. 575 ; I. 237 ; XIII. 192.
Filaria, zoophytes, XXI. 998—in the
domestic animals, 632, 636.
Filbert-tree, specific gravity of, XII. 29.
File, a tool, IX. 576.
Filial, IX. 576 —piety, 577—duty,
XV. 471.
Filicai a (Vincenzo da), IX. 578—poetry
of, XVIII. 161.
Filices, or ferns, V. 37, 138—organs of
reproduction in, 54.
Filigrane, IX. 579; XX. 805.
Filippo d’Argyro, IX. 579.
Filistata, arachnides. III. 358.
Fillet, IX. 579—in architecture, III.
467—in joinery, V. 687.
Film, IX. 579.
Filoti, IX. 579.
Filter, IX. 580.
Fimbria, XVIII. 352.
Fin, of fishes, IX. 585; III. 17; XII.
154, 157—Fins; see Finns.
Final, IX. 585—cause, ib.—letters, ib.
Finale, Genoese port, IX. 585.
Finances, IX. 585.
Finati (Giovanni), on the Arabs, IV.
319—adventures of, VIII. 499, n. 1.
Finch (Heneage), IX. 585.
 (Sir John), V. 314.
Finches, XVI. 581.
Fine, IX. 585.
Fine Arts, III. 645—academies of the,
II. 74, 75—utility of public exhibi¬
tions of the, HI. 266. See Antiquities,
Painting, Sculpture, &e.
Fine-drawing, IX. 585.
Fine-stilling, IX. 585.
Finers of gold and silver, IX. 585.
Fineering. See Vea»ering.
Finfoot, bird, XVI. 629.
Fingal, XII. 351.
Fingers, calculation by, II. 8—bones of,
788 —joints, 789—muscles, 793 —
motions, 795—opposition of thumb
and, 796—cases of supernumerary,
XV. 422.
Finger-alphabet, VII. 650.
Finial, in architecture. III. 467.
Finisterre, IX. 586.
Finkenwerder, island, IX. 585.
Finlaison (Mr),' his tables of mortality
and.annuities, HI. 203—table of de¬
crement of life, XIV. 206, 208—on
mortality, XV. 527.
Finland, IX. 586—Gulf of, IV. 325—
coast of, 330—variation of the needle
in, XIII. 736—acquisition of, by Rus¬
sia, XXL 28. See Finns.
Finlayson (John), his plough and har¬
row, II. 267, 350.
Finmark, XIII. 103.
Finns, VI. 274 ; IX. 410 ; XIII. 107.
Finnish language, XIII. 89,113—many
62
INDEX,
FIN—FIS
words common to it and the Ameri¬
can languages, II. 019, n.
Finow, canal of, IV. 331.
Finsbury, borough of, XIII. 536.
Fiord, XVI. 260.
Fiorin, culture of, II. 295.
Fir-trees, XVII. 747,781, 785—culture
of, 792—found in bogs, XV. 572.
Fir-timber, XXI. 295 —measurement of,
298—weight of seasoned and unsea¬
soned, 308-9—its expansion by mois¬
ture, 352—specific gravity of, XII. 29
—jts use in joinery, 618.
Firdousi, Persian poet, XVII. 252, 382.
Fire, natural, in Persia, IV. 302—bap¬
tism by, 355—great fire of London, V.
345 ; XIII. 488—wild, or Greek, IX,
586—insurance against, XII. 307. See
Combustion, Flame, Heat.
Fiee-balls,meteors, IX. 587; VIII. 623.
Fire-bricks, V. 261.
Fire-damp, VII. 611, 80, 641.
Fire-engines, XII. 99.
Fire-escapes, XIII. 321.
Fire-ordeal, XVI. 519.
FlRE-PHlLOSOPIlEBS, IX. 588.
Fire-places, XI. 195. See Chimney,
Furnace, Smoke.
Fire-raising, or arson, crime of, XII.
257 ; XIV. 495; III. 630.
Fiee-ship, IX. 588.
Fire-works, XVIII. 756.
Fibkin, a measure, IX. 588.
Firlot, a measure, IX. 588.
Firmament, IX. 588.
Firman, IX. 588.
Firmiccs (Maternus Julius), IX. 588.
Firmness, faculty of, XVII. 463.
First-born, IX. 588.
First-fruits, IX. 588.
Fisc and Fiscal, IX. 588-9.
Fishes, XII. 151—acuteness of their
hearing, II. 111. 112—killed in Lap-
land by striking the ice, 112—use of,
as a manure, 305; as an article of
food, III. 20-21 ; VIII. 771 ; IX. 725
—poisonous species, ib. ; XIV. 507,
526—castration of, IX. 725 — lumi¬
nousness of, XIII. 337—showers of,
XVII. 536 ; XIX. 60—in heraldry,
IX. 589—fish-ponds,ib.—supply offish
to London, XIII. 506. See Ichthyology.
Fish-eye stone, sp. gr. of, XII. 29.
Fisher (Jolm)bishop,IX. 589; VIII. 745.
Fisheries, IX. 590—of Aberdeenshire,
II. 29—America, V. 401—Antrim,
III. 276—Argylesbire, 484 — the
Baltic, IV. 326—Banffshire, 345—
Brazil, V. 209—Caithness, 781—the
Caspian Sea, VI. 217—Chili, 526—
China, 580—Clare, 726 — Cornwall,
VII. 368—Devonshire, 745—Donegal,
VIII. 113—Dorsetshire, 120—Down,
133—Dublin, 235—Dumbartonshire,
259—England, 769—the Firth of
Fortii, IX. 766-—France, X. 195—
Ireland, XII. 408 ; XIV. 839—Italy,
XII. 488—Labrador, XIII. 4—Lap-
land, 111—Isle of Man, XIV. 213—
Naples, XV. 7TO — Newfoundland,
XVI. 160; V. 403—Norway, XVI. 269
—Nova Scotia, 288—Boss-shire, XIX.
487—Russia, 576—Scotland, 769; III.
112—Siberia, XX. 326—Sligo, 944—
Stirlingshire, 730 — Sutfolk, 789 —
Sutherland, XXI. 11—Sweden, 31—
Tuscany, 432—Waterford, 811—Wex¬
ford, 867—Wick, 878—Wicklow, 879
Yarmouth, XVI. 245—for pearls in
Ceylon, VI. 300 ; VIII. 60 —for
crabs, VII. 500—for shell-fish, XV.
372—nets for, XIX. 188. See Her¬
ring, Pearl, Salmon, &c.
Fisherrow, XV. 647.
Fishguard, Welsh town, IX. 609.
Fishing, IX. 609—in carpentry, VI.
166. See Angling.
Fishing-rod, III. 136.
Fishmongers’ Hall, London, XIII. 536.
Fissilabra, insects, IX. 137.
Fissipedes, Crustacea, VII. 502.
Fissirostres, birds, XVI. 577.
Fissurella, mollusca, XV. 348.
FIS—FLE
Fissurelladoe, mollusca, XV. 365.
Fissures, IX. 609.
Fistula, IX. 609—of the wethers, XXI.
616.
Fistulana, in conchology, XV. 349.
Fistularia, fish, XII. 196.
Fistularidae, fishes, XII. 196.
Fistulides, zoophytes, XXI. 1001.
Fits in the domestic animals, XXL 632.
Fitches, a sort of pulse, IX. 609.
Fitchet, IX. 609.
Fitciiy, in heraldry, IX. 609.
Fitero, Spanish town, IX. 609.
Fitzgerald (Lord Thomas), his attack
on Dublin, VIII. 236.
 (Vesey), V. 573.
Fitzharris, Irish adventurer, V. 352.
Fitzherbert on agriculture, II. 254.
 (Sir Anthony), IX. 609.
—    (Mrs), V. 443.
Fitzroy (Capt.) on the tides, XXL 286.
Fitzstephen (William), historian, IX.
610; XVII. 112, n. 9.
Fiume, in Austria, IX. 610.
Fixation, IX. 610.
Fixed bodies, IX. 610.
 stars, IV. 41 ; III. 756.
Fixity, in chemistry, IX. 610.
Fixlmillner (Placidus), IX. 610.
Flaccus (Cains Valerius), IX. 611.
 (Lucius Valerius), XVIII. 352.
Flacourtianese, in botany, V. 97.
Flag, IX. 611—of England, II. 154.
Flag-officers, IX. 611.
Flagellantes, fanatics, IX. 611.
Flagellations at Sparta, VIII. 3.
Flageolet, IX. 612 ; XV. 614.
Flail, IX. 612.
Flair, IX. 612.
Flambeau, IX. 612.
Flamborougii Head, IX. 612.
Flame, IX. 612—electricity developed
in, VIII. 605. See F’ire.
Flamen, IX. 612.
Flamingo, bird, XVI. 628.
Flaminia Via, IX. 612.
Flaminius (C.), IX. 613.
 (T. Quinctius),IX. 613; VI.1S7.
Flamma (M. Calpurnius), VI. 191.
Flamsted, in Hertfordshire, IX. 613.
Flamsteed (John), IX. 613—his astro¬
nomical labours and discoveries, III.
743—his projection, X. 418.
Flanches, in heraldry, XI. 251.
Flanders, IX. 614—commerce of, VII.
158—agriculture, XVI. 142—school
of painting, 721; III. 648. See Ne¬
therlands, Flemish.
Flandrians, sect, IX. 619 ; XIV. 561.
Flank, IX. 615.
Flannan Islands, IX. 615.
Flannel, IX. 614.
Flasques, in heraldry, IX. 251.
Flat, in music. See Interval.
 Island, IX. 615.
Flat-fish, XH. 219.
Flaugergues, on the oscillation of waves,
XII. 4, 82.
Flavel (John), IX. 615.
Flaws (Capt.), voyage of, XVIII. 219.
Flax, culture of, II. 294 ; in Prussia,
XVIII. 692—Mr Lee’s mode of bleach¬
ing, IV. 688—steeping of, 689—dyes
worse than wool and silk, VIII. 298
—watering of, 302—structure of, ib.
— dyeing of, ib.—New Zealand flax,
XXI. 823, 720. See Hemp.
Flax-spinning, XX. 583, etseq.; IX. 544.
Flaxman (John), IX. 615—his charac¬
ter as a painter, XVI. 727—his sculp¬
ture, XX. 9.
Flea, IX. 294—its agility, XX. 770—
destruction of, XXI. 603—fleas on the
domestic animals, 637.
Fleche (La), in France, IX. 617.
Flechier (Esprit), IX. 617.
Flecknoe (Richard), IX. 618.
Fleece, IX. 618. See Wool.
Fleet, IX. 618. See Navy.
Fleetings, VII. 592.
Fleetwood (William), IX. 618.
Fleming (Dr), his History of British Ani¬
mals, XVI. 553.
FLE—FLO
Flemingians, IX. 619; XIV. 561.
Flemish language, IX. 619—Bibles, IV.
617. See Flanders.
Flemming, poetry of, XVIIT. 167.
Flensburg, Danish city, IX. 619.
Fleschierf J.), on the rainbow, XVI. 353.
Flesh, IX. 619—its structure, II. 737
—different kinds of, as articles of food,
III. 166. See Muscles.
Fleta, IX. 619.
Fletcher (Andrew), IX. 619—the Da¬
rien project encouraged by, VII. 627.
 (Giles), poet, IX. 621.
 (John), IV. 480—his dram?tic
works, VIII. 169.
  (Phineas), poet, IX. 620.
Fletewood (William), IX. 621.
Fleur de lis, in heraldry, XI. PI. 277,
Fleurant, agronaut, II. 188.
Fleurus, IX. 622—battle of, XVI. 124.
Fleury (Claude), IX. 621.
  — (Cardinal), X. 35.
 , in heraldry, IX. 628.
Flexible, IX. 622.
Flexor muscles, IX. 622.
Fleyder on the art of flying, II. 178.
Flight and Robson (Messrs), their Apol-
lonicon, XVI. 533.
Flinders (Matthew), his discoveries in
New Holland, IV. 206—his account
of its natives, 208—on coral reefs, 218.
   Island, IX. 622.
Flint, XV. 157—sp. gr. of, XII. 29.
 , Welsh town, IX. 622.
Flint-glass, X. 577.
Flintshire, IX. 622.
Flip, a sort of drink, IX. 623.
Flit-milk, VII. 592.
Float, IX. 623.
Floating, means of, XIII. 323.
 Bodies, IX. 623.
Floatstone, in mineralogy, XV. 157.
Floddon( battle of), VIII. 124, 743; XIX.
720—“The Flowers of the Forest,” a
song occasioned by, VIII. 129.
Floe, XVII. 519.
Flogging, punishment of, XIV. 512.
Floke, voyage of, XX. 212.
Flood, IX. 623. See Deluge.
 (Mr), XII. 383—his motion on
Parliamentary Reform, V. 457.
Floor, IX. 623—construction of, V.
684, 687: XII. 613—measurement of
flooring, V. 690.
Flora, IX. 623.
Florac, in France, IX. 624.
Florales Ludi, IX. 624.
Floralia, IX. 624.
Florence, IX. 624 ; XXL 432—Aca¬
demy of Arts, II. 74; of Umidi, 76;
della Crusea, ib.; VII. 497—cathe¬
dral, III. 424—libraries, XIII. 310-
school of painting, XVI. 708, etseq.
—bridge of the Santissima Trinita,
XX. 377.
 , an old English coin, IX, 624.
Florence-glass, or thermometer,IV. 393.
Florentine academicians the first to use
a dense fluid instead of air in thermo¬
meters, I. 640.
 marble, YE 706.
Flores, one of the Azores, IV. 264.
 , or Ende, island, IX. 624.
Florianus, reign of, XIX. 413.
Florida, IX. 624—Indians of, II. 619
—emigration of the Minorcans to,
. XV. 281—proposed canal in, XVI.
27 ; XXI. 472—railroad, 474.
Florido, Italian algebraist, II. 422.
Florilege, IX. 628.
Florin, IX. 628 ; XV. 400, 409, et seq.
Floriniani, heretics, IX. 628.
Floris (Francis), painter, IX. 628.
Florist, IX. 628.
Florus (Lucius A.), historian, IX. 628.
Flory, in heraldry, IX. 628.
Flotson, IX. 628.
Flounder, XII. 220.
Flour, IX. 628; IV. 295—constituent
elements of, 297 —adulteration of,
XIV. 508.
 (St), in France, IX. 629.
Flourencourt on mortality, XV. 547.
FLO—FOG
Flower-hud, III. 90.
Flower-garden, XI. 676—calendar, 687.
Flowers, IX. 629; V. 39—structure
and uses of, III. 95—changes in, from
fecundation, 98—preserving of, IX.
629-functions of, XXI. 581—colours,
ib.—odour, 582—savour, ib.—fecun¬
dation, ib.—their influence on the
air, 583—spontaneous movements of,
XXI. 587—florists’, XL 681.
Fluates, VI. 456.
Flijdd (Robert), IX. 629—on animal
magnetism, XIV. 3.
Flues of steam-boiler, XX. 683.
Fluids, IX. 630 ; XII. 9—compressi¬
bility of, II. 114—clarification of, VI.
727—propagation of heat through, 759
—cohesion of, VII. 20, 428—pressure
and equilibrium of, XII. 10—motion
of, 51—resistance of, 76 ; XIX. 165 ;
XX. 267—oscillation of, XII. 81—
effects of passage of a body through,
XX. 246—of animal bodies, II. 705—
of human body, 712. See Capillary
Action, Hydrodynamics.
Fluidity, XI. 189 ; XVII. 567.
Fluke, or Flounder, XII. 220.
Fluke-worm, XXI. 993—in sheep, 628.
Fluoborates, VI. 456.
Fluohoric acid, VI. 373, 432.
Fluochromic acid, VI. 432.
Fluocolumbic acid, VI. 432.
Fluomolybdic acid, VI. 432.
Fluor, in mineralogy, XV. 140.
Fluor-spar, crystallization of, VII. 521—
of Derbyshire, 735—phosphorescent
effects of electricity on, VIII. 635-6.
Fluoric acid, VI. 362, 364.
Fluorides, VI. 456—of antimony, 385;
arsenic, 384 ; manganese, 407 ; phos¬
phorus, 381 ; sulphur, 376.
Fluorine, VI. 362.
 acids, VI. 432.
 acid salts, VI. 456.
Fluosiiicates, VI. 456.
Fluosilicic acid, VI. 374, 432.
Fluotitanic acid, VI. 432.
Fluotungstic acid, VI. 432.
Flushing taken by the British, V. 528.
Flute, IX. 630 ; XV. 613.
 , or Fluyt, IX. 630.
 , in architecture, III. 467.
Flute-player, Vaucanson’s mechanical,
III. 123.
Flux, IX. 630.
Fluxions, IX. 631—discovery of, I.
519; XIV. 318, 321. See Calculus,
Geometry (New).
Fly, in entomology, VIII. 38; IX. 60,
255 — how prevented from injuring
turnips, XII. 294.
 , in mechanics, IX. 709.
 Island, IX. 709.
 tree, IX. 709.
Fly-catcher, bird, XVI. 569.
Fly-fishing, III. 133, 139—rules for, 135.
Fly-wheel, XIV. 418 ; XX. 653.
Flyers, Mexican, IX. 709.
Flying, IX. 709—artificial, ib. ;"II. 177.
Flying-fish, XII. 173, 201.
 Lemur, XIV. 102.
Fo, or Fohi. See Fohi.
Foal, or colt, IX. 709.
Fochan, Chinese town, IX. 709.
Focus,, in geometry, &c., IX. 709—of
burning-glass, V. 725.
Fodder, IX. 709.
Fcenus Nauticum, IX. 709.
Fcetor, IX. 709.
Fcetus, IX. 709 — development of
nerves in, II. 736—bones of, 744—
teeth, 747—dimensions, 757—height,
758—vertebrae, 760—cranial bones,
783: viz. frontal, 770; ethmoid, 771;
sphenoid, 773 ; occipital, 774 ; tem¬
poral, 776—lower jaw, 779—mem¬
branes, 827—anatomical peculiarities,
828—evolution of, XVII. 693.
Fog, IX. 710 ; XIV. 748 ; XVII. 535-
fogs in Newfoundland, XVI. 159.
Fog-sickness in cattle, XXI. 624.
Fogaras, Hungarian town, IX. 710.
Foggia, Neapolitan city, IX. 710.
INDEX,
63
FOG—FOR
Tfoggo (J.), his observations on the elec¬
tricity of clouds, VIII. 618.
Fohk, or Fora, island, IX. 710.
Fohi, IX. 496 5 VII. 697; XV. 676—
religion of, 677, 678 ; VI. 560.
Foible, IX. 710.
Foil, IX. 710.
Foix, in France, IX. 710.
 (Earl of), VI. 603.
Fokien, in China, IX. 710.
Fokschani, IX. 710.
Folabd (Jean-Charles de), IX 710.
Folclands, or Folklands, IX, 714.
Fglcmote, or Folkmote, IX, 714.
Folds for sheep, II. 335.
Folengo (Theophilus), IX,* 714—his
Macaronics, VIII. 273.
Foliating of looking-glasses, IX. 715.
Foliations, in architecture, III. 467.
Foligno, Italian city, IX. 715.
Folio, IX. 715.
Folkes (Martin), IX. 715.
Folkingham, IX. 715.
Folkstone, in Kent, IX. 715.
Follicles, in anatomy and physiology, II.
749, 750 ; XVII. 608, 648.
 , in botany, V. 48.
Follicdlus, IX. 715, 716.
Follis, IX. 716 ; XIV. 473.
Fomahaut, a star, IX. 716.
Fomartin, II. 29.
Fomentation, in medieine, IX. 716;
XXI. 613, n. 2.
Fong-hoa-tching, IX. 716.
Fong-tching, IX. 716.
Fong-tang, IX. 716.
Font, IX. 716, 792.
Fontaine, (Jean de La), IX. 716—poe¬
try of, XVIII. 165.
 — (Augustus La), character of his
novels, XIX. 356.
Fontaines (P. F. G. Des), French cri¬
tic, IX. 717.
Fontana (Felix), IX. 717—on the struc¬
ture of the muscles, XVII. 609.
    (Gregort), IX. 718—on the
microscope, XVI. 356.
Fontanelle, in anatomy, II. 771, 784.
Fontenat, in France, IX. 719.
Fontenelle (Bernard le B. de), IX.
719 ; I. 156—maxim of, 23—works
of, 157-9—aspired to be the philoso¬
pher of the Parisian circles, 159—his
character, 160.
Fontenot, IX. 720—battle of, V. 381.
Fontevraud, order of, IX. 720.
Fontinalia, Roman feast, IX. 720.
Food, IX. 720—selection of, ib.— pre¬
servation of, 727—preparation of, 735
-—of the American aborigines, II. 632
—its relation to the teeth of ani¬
mals, 708—the young of animals pro¬
duced when it abounds. III. 169—of
the crustacea, VII. 499—effects and
cases of excessive consumption of,
VIII. 23—of horses, XI. 604—of in¬
fants, XIV. 205—instinct of, XII.
301—its effects on health, XIV. 508
—adulteration of, ib.—necessity of,
XVII. 618—properties of, 624—ani¬
mal, ib.—vegetable, ib.—man omni¬
vorous, 700—its preparation by steam,
XX. 608—of plants, XXL 570. See
Aliment, Cookery, Dietetics, Diges¬
tion, Fast, Nutrition, Voracity.
Foosht, island, IX. 736.
Foot, human, its structure, XVII. 616
—bones of, II. 791—arches, 792—
muscles, 794.
 of mammalia, bones of, III. 8—
its diseases in the horse, XXI. 618.
 —, in poetry, IX. 736.
 , a lineal measure, IX. 736—its
length in different countries, XXI.
846—Roman, VII. 200.
Foota Torra, XX. 94.
Foote (Samuel), IX. 736—merits of
his comedies, VIII. 176.
Fop, IX. 737.
Forage, IX. 737.
Foramen ovale, II. 666 ; III. 39.
Forbes (Duncan), IX. 737.
 (Prof, James), on polarisation of
i
FOR
heat, XI. 187—on magneto-electri¬
city, XXI. 692.
Forbes (John), IX. 738.
 (William), bishop of Edinburgh,
IX. 737.
   (Dr), on the mortality of Pen-
with, X.V. 530.
Forbin (Count de), his treatment of Bel-
zoni, VIII. 549, n.—his description
of the fire of St Elmo, 624.
Force, IX. 741; IV. 173; XVII. 565;
XVIII. 778—composition and resolu¬
tion of forces, VI. 157 ; VIII. 357—
estimation or reduction of, 363—ac¬
celerating and retarding, 370 XIX.
497—deflecting, VIII. 379—central,
381—moving distinguished from ac¬
celerating, VIII. 379. See Dynamics,
Strength of Materials.
Forceps, in surgery, IX. 741.
Forcer, in mechanics, IX. 741.
Forcheim, in Bavaria, IX. 741.
Forcing of vegetables, XL 653.
Fordingbridge, IX. 741.
Fords, how rendered impassable in war,
IX. 787.
Fordcn (John), IX. 741.
Fordtce (David and James), IX. 742.
 (George), IX. 743.
Forecastle of a ship, IX. 743.
Foreign and Foreigner, IX. 743.
Forejudger, IX. 743.
Fore-knowledge, divine, XIV. 699.
Foreland, IX. 74 3—North and South,ib.
Fore-locks, IX. 743.
Foremast of a ship, IX. 743.
Forensic Medieine, XIV. 493.
Foreskin, II. 825.
Forest, IX. 743 ; XX. 301, n.—influ¬
ence of climate on the distribution of
forests, II. 611—Bavarian, IV. 459
— Austrian, 230—French, ib.; X.
17 7—subterranean,X V. 225—Russian,
XIX. 568 — their effect on climate,
XVII. 544—royal, in Britain, XXI.
289 ; in Northamptonshire, XVI. 251.
Forest-flies, IX. 292.
Forest-laws, IX. 744 ; XX. 300.
Forestalling, IX. 744—laws against,
II. 254, 258 ; VII. 334.
Forester, IX. 744.
Forfar, IX. 744.
Forfeiture, IX. 747.
Forfex, IX. 747.
Forficula, genus of insects, IX. 189.
Forge, IX. 747—anchor-smiths’, III.
106—iron, XII. 443. See Furnace.
Forgery, IX. 747; XIV. 495.
Forging, in smithery, IX. 748.
Forgiveness, duty of, XV. 474.
Forisfamiliation, IX. 748.
Fork, IX. 748.
Forlimpopcli, in Italy, IX. 749.
Forlorn hope, IX. 749.
Form, various meanings of the word,
VIII. 10. See Figure.
 , in physics, IX. 748—peripatetic
doctrine respecting, XIV. 644.
 , in carpentry, IX. 749.
 , faculty of, XVII. 464.
Formality, IX. 749.
Forman (Andrew), IX. 749.
Formation, IX. 750.
Formedon, in law, IX. 750.
Formentera, island, IX. 750.
Formey on dreams, VIII. 138—on phy¬
siognomy, XVII. 576.
Formic acid, VI. 427; III. 243.
Formica, insect, IX. 228. See Ant.
Forming, IX. 750.
Formosa, Chinese island, IX. 750—lan¬
guage of, XIII. 92.
 , African river, IV. 571.
Formula, IX. 750.
Formulary, IX. 750, 751.
Fornacalia, festival, IX. 751.
Fornication, IX. 751.
Fornix, in anatomy, IX. 751.
Foros, gulf of, IV. 660.
Forqualquier, in France, IX. 751.
Forres, Scotch town, IX. 751.
Forrest, his visit to New Guinea in the
year 1775, IV. 211, 212.
FOK—FOU
Forster (J. R.), IX. 752—on the aurora
australis, IV. 197—his botanical la¬
bours, V. 78—on Coptic, XI. 315—
on birds of paradise, XVI. 585.
 (John George Adam), IX. 753.
 (Mr), his rebellion, V. 315, 376.
Forsyth’s percussion-lock, XI. 38.
Fort, IX. 754—vitrified, ib.; II. 29.
See Fortification, Fortresses.
Fort Augustus, IX. 762 ; XII. 336.
Fort George, IX. 763; XII. 336.
Fort Gratiot, XV. 8.
Fort St David, IX. 763.
Fort William, IX. 763; XII. 336.
Fo&yalice, IX. 763.
Fortaventura, island, IX. 76$.
Fortescue, family of, XI. 248, n. 1.
 (Sir John), IX. 763.
Forth, river and firth, IX. 764; XIX.
747 ; XX. 729—its windings, VI. 720
—elevation of its shores, XV. 218—
its navigation, XVI. 13—canal from
it to the Clyde, ib.; X. 550 ; VIII.
258; XIX. 751—land reclaimed from,
747—tides in, XXL 282.
Fortification, IX. 769.
Fortified Island, IX. 787.
Fortin’s balance, IV. 305—his improved
Atwood’s machine, XIV. 452.
Fortissimo, in music, IX. 787.
Fortitude, IX. 787; XV. 465, 470.
Fortore, XVII. 3.
Fortresses, mode of attack of, III. 637 ;
IX. 776—their use in war, XXI. 742.
Fortuna, goddess, IX. 787.
Fortunate Insul*, IX. 787; VI. 73.
Fortunet, IX. 787—Islands, 788.
Forum, IX. 788—Roman, XIX. 427—
Bacon’s “ idols” of the, I. 456.
Foscolo (Ugo), XIX. 350.
Foss, IX. 788—navigation, XVI. 13.
Foss-dike navigation, XVI. 13.
Fossa, IX. 788.
Fossano, Sardinian city, IX. 788.
Fossarii, IX. 788.
Fosse, in fortification, IX. 772.
Fossil, IX. 789 — shells, XV. 376-
trees, 205, 256, n., 572 ; XXI. 916;
XII. 148—animals, XVII. 508, 587;
II. 653; V. 641; VII. 500; XX. 326
—plants, XVII. 508.
Fossombrone, XX. 345.
Fossores, insects, IX. 228.
Foster (James), IX. 789.
 (Captain Henry), on the pendu¬
lum, XVII. 212.
 (Sir Michael), on duelling, VIII.
254—on impressment, XII. 255.
 (Samuel), IX. 789.
Foster-brother, V. 592.
Fothergill (Dr George), IX. 790.
 (Dr John), IX. 790.
 (Mr), on the insensibility of in¬
sects to pain, III. 164.
Fothergill’s rope-machine, XIX. 464.
Fouchg, XVIII. 254.
Fouchenge, Persian town, IX. 790.
Fougasse, IX. 790.
Foul, IX. 790—Islands, ib.
Foula Island, IX. 791; XXL 987.
Foulahs, IX. 791; XX. 93.
Foulis (Sir David), V. 315.
    - (Robert and Andrew), X. 552.;
XV. 445, 448; XVIII. 555.
Foumart, XIV. 109.
Foundation, IX. 791—of buildings, V.
663; XIV. 296.
Founder (acute), in horses, XXI. 619.
Founding. See Foundry.
Foundlings in Paris, XV. 531.
Foundling Hospital, London, VII. 321;
XIII. 537—Dublin, VIII. 244—mor¬
tality in hospitals, XIV. 512.
Foundry, IX. 791. See Cannon, Cast¬
ing, Furnace, Gunmaking, Type-
founding, Brass, Iron, &c.
Fountain, IX. 792. See Spring.
Fountain-tree, IX. 792.
Fouquieriaceae, in botany, V. 111.
Four-boroughs’ Court, IX. 793.
Four-crags Island, IX. 793.
Four-saddle Island, IX. 793.
Fourohee, in heraldry, IX. 793.
FOU—FRA
Fourcroy (Antony Francis de), IX. 79 3.
Fourdrinier’s paper-making machine,
XVII. 17.
Fourier on internal heat of globe, XV.
176—on thermo-electricity, XXI. 697.
Fourmont (Stephen), IX. 797.
Fourness, in Lancashire, IX, 797.
Fourway cock, XX. 647.
Fou-tchang, IX. 797.
Fou-tcheou, IX. 797.
Fowey, town in Cornwall, IX. 797.
Fowls, IX. 797—fattening of, 723.
Fou ler (William), VIII. 210, n. 1.
Fowling, IX. 797 ; III. 311.
Fowling-piece, XX. 304.
Fox, XIV. 116 ; XL 753 ; XL. 148 —
fox-hunting, XI. 742.
 Islands, II. 402,N404.
 River, XVI. 255, 256.
 (Charles James), IX. 798—on
the balancing system, IV. 313; V.
447—the Coalition joined by, 426-»
his East India bills, 429, 449—parlia¬
mentary conduct, 429, et seq.—ruin
of his political fortunes, 434—elected
member for Westminster, 435—on the
Germanic league, 438—on the sink¬
ing-fund, 439 — on the commercial
treaty with France, 442—his denial
of the Prince of Wales’s connexion
with Mrs Fitzherbert, 444—on the
Prince of Wales’s right to assume the
regency, 452—on the slave-trade, 454
—on increasing the army, 456—on
the corporation and test acts, 457—
his quarrel with Burke, 458—on the
relief of the Catholics, 459—on par¬
liamentary reform, 464, 470—on the
king’s speech in 1792, 466—on treat¬
ing with the French Republic, 467—
on the French war, 469, 473, 477, 499
—on the expediency of peace with
France in 1800, 492—on the peace of
Amiens, 508—Canning’s attack on,
VI. 82—speeches of, XIX. 219.
—— (George), founder of the Qua¬
kers, IX. 798 ; XVIII. 765, 768.
 (John), martyrologist, IX. 797.
 (Luke), voyage of, XVIII. 218.
Fox’s dipping-needle deflector, XIII. 769.
Fox-glove, a poison, XVIII. 178.
Fox hound, XI. 699, 742, 752.
Fox-tail wedging, VI. 166.
Foy (General), on the military character
of the French and British, III. 601,622.
Foyers, fall of, XII. 335.
Foyle, Irish river, VIII. Ill—its navi¬
gation, XVI. 22.
Fracastorius, IX. 807—his poem “ De
Morbo Gallico,” XX. 828.
Fraches, IX. 808.
Fractions, IX. 808—algebraic, II. 430
continued, 475 ; I. 589—vulgar, HI.
557—decimal, 559-62 ; VII.662 ;1.435.
Fracture, IX. 808 ; XXI. 615—surgi¬
cal treatment of, XX. 837.
Frame, IX. 808.
Framing, in joinery, V. 688—measure¬
ment of, 691. K
Framlingham, in Suffolk, IX. 808.
Frammersbach, IX. 808.
Frampton on Severn, IX. 808.
Franc X. 221; XV. 409.
Franc-quarter, in heraldry, XL 251.
Francavilla, IX. 808.
France, X. 1—history of, ib.; XL 480,
et seq.; see also Chronological Table,
VI. 669, et seq.—statistics, X. 169 ; IX.
413—its progress in literature and
philosophy during the 17th century, I.
49—Addison’s censure of the French
writers of his day, 55—sterility of
invention in the metaphysical writers
between Descartes and Condillac, 172
—disposition of philosophers of 18th
century to push their theories to cx
tremes, 180-81—literature of 18th
century divided into two eras, 277
—writers on mental philosophy, 184
—French and German schools of phi¬
losophy contrasted, 186-7—missions
to Abyssinia, II. 54—agrieulture, 342;
IV. 232; VII. 391—wars with the
64
INDEX,
FRANCE
Algerines, II. 506-8, 511—manufac¬
ture of alum, 577—West India colo¬
nies, 648—collections of bon-mots, or
Ana, 675 — cultivation of anatomy,
694, 700 — aqueducts, III. 320 —
pointed architecture, 422—influence
of the Italian school upon architec¬
ture, 427—army, 598—painters, 650 5
XVI. 722—voyages of discovery to
Australasia, IV. 205, 206—war with
Austria, 221—comparative culture of
Britain, Austria, and, 230—politics of
Austria towards, 237—loaf in, 296—
law against the use of yeast in bak¬
ing, 297—trade with Barbary, 365—
beards and whiskers, 472, 473—man¬
agement of bees, 535—bleaching, 680
—botanists, V. 86, 90—wars with
Britain, 366, 368, 380, 383, 404—
conquest of Minorca, 384 ; and of
Hanover, 385—league with America
against Britain in 1778, 404—com¬
mercial treaty with Britain in 1786,
442 ; VII. 161, 166, 414—Revolution,
V. 456, 460, 463; VII. 620—revolu¬
tionary war with Britain, V. 467, et
seq. ,• X. 773—peace of Amiens, V.
506-8—expedition to St Domingo in
1801, 512—war with Britain renewed
in 1802, 515—Peninsular war, 542, et
seq.—peace of 1814, 535—Napoleon’s
return from Elba, 539 — battle of
Waterloo, 540; XXI. 751—policy of
British participation in the revolu¬
tionary war considered, V. 541—Cas¬
sini’s chart of, VI. 219—former trade
with Chili, 539 — influence of the
French civil wars on chivalry, 614—
morality of the court in the 16th cen¬
tury, 615—colonies, VII. 126 ; II. 648
—mercantile policy, VII. 164, 166
—iron-manufactures, 166 ; X. 559, n.
—short credits, VII. 170-1—the press
under Bonaparte, 316—copyright, 317
— books published, 320 — corn-trade,
363—condition of the agriculturists,
391—effects ot the minute division of
land, ib.— cotton-manufacture, 416—
condition at period of the Crusades,
488— persecution of the Protestants,
VIII. 135—the drama, 153, 154, 156,
159,177—duelling, 252—title of duke,
257—dyeing, 297 —the Economists,
398—Bonaparte’s expedition to Egypt,
488 ; XI. 305, 338, n. ; XVI. 759 ; and
Palestine, 759 — invaded by Edward
the Third, VIII. 728; and by Henry
the Fifth, 733—trade with England,
779—trade of Britain with, IX. 447—
fairs in, 477—fisheries of, 594—glass¬
making in, X. 564—contests with the
English in India, XI. 413—invasions
of Holland, 525, 527 — interest of
money, XII. 323, 327 —invasion of
Ireland, 381, 385, 386—Jews in, 583
—Code Napoleon, XIII. 184; X. 132
—state of the law, XIII. 200 ; XVIII.
736—libraries, XIII. 304—Locke’s ac¬
count of the government, 409, 410—
variation of the needle, 733, 736 —
state of masonry, XIV. 287—medical
jurisprudence, 491, 492—mines, XV.
250, et' seq. — seignorage on coined
money, 391—money, 399, 400, 407,
409—inland navigation, XVI. 5; XIX.
226—conquest of Belgium, XVI. 123,
124—newspapers, 171, 174—Bank of,
XVII. 46—University ofy 77—height
of mountains, 506—hail-storms, 538
—poetry, XVIII. 164—police, 253—
political economists, 268, 278—porce¬
lain manufacture, 434—invasion of
Portugal, 472—post from Britain,
489— post-otSce, 495—prisons, 583—
penal code, 736—the Reformation,
XIX. 94—registration of births, &e.,
103—roads, 299 ; XXI. 102—religion,
XIX. 315—romance, 331, 352—wars
with Russia, 558. et seq.—sculpture,
XX. 10—sea-lights, 25, 30—shawl-
manufacturc, 19 3—rise of naval power,
226—royal navy, 228—peculiarities
of ship-huilding, 294 — method of
FRA
launching ships, 295—cultivation of
the silk-worm, 352—former connexion
with Navarre, 497—war with Spain
in 1823, 509—surgery in, XX. 827,
et seq.—invasion of Switzerland in
1797, XXI. 44—defect of the taxation
under the old regime, 98, 99, 103, 121,
123—land-tax, 104—computation of
tonnage of ships, 328—universities,
483, et seq. ; XVII. 77—weights and
measures, XXX. 852, 847 ; their com¬
plication, 841—superiority of wines,
897—wine-making; see Wine-making,
passim—maps of, vol. X. PI. CCE-1
and CCL-2. See French.
France (Isle of). See Mauritius.
Franceur, on mechanics, XIV. 355.
Feanchise, X. 220.
Francia (Dr),II. 643; XVII. 58.
Fkancis (Philip), poet, X. 220.
 (Sir Philip), V. 434, 441 ; X. 220.
 1. king of France, VI. 605—reign
of, X. 30—his wars in Italy, XII. 476.
  II. emperor of Austria, history
of the reign of, IV. 221.
 (Cape), X. 220.
Franciscans, X 220.
Francisco (St), X. 221 ; XVII. 236 ;
XIX. 642.
Franco (Matteo), VIII. 274.
Francolin, bird, XVI. 611.
Frank language, X. 221.
Frank, or Franc, X. 221 ; XV. 409.
 (Dr Louis), on the plague, XVII.
772, et seq.
FnANK-ALMOiGNE—Frank-chase—Frank
fee—Frank-law — Frank-marriage—
Frank-pledge, X. 221.
Franken (Franciscus), X. 222.
Frankenhausen, X. 222.
Frankeniacese, in botany, V. 99.
Frankenstein, X. 222.
Frankenthal, X. 222.
Frankfort-on-the-Maine, X. 222, 597
—coins of, XV. 407 — commercial
league of, with Prussia, XVIII. 686—
weights and measures of, XXI. 853.
 on-the-Oder, X. 222.
 , in Kentucky, X. 222 ; XII. 698.
Franking of letters,V. 389; XVIII. 493.
Frankincense, VI. 492.
Frankland’s Islands, X. 222.
Franklin (Benjamin), X. 223 — his
theory of electrical phenomena, I. 618
—his talents and acquirements, ib.—
his plan of a floating anchor, III.
106—his controversy with Nollet,
V. 290—his friendship with Canton,
VI. 104—his clock with few wheels,
777—his discoveries in electricity, I.
618 ; VIII. 569—proved the electrical
character of lightning, I. 619 ; VIII.
618—on the magnetic effects of elec¬
tricity, 637—his electrical kite, 646
—on the Leyden jar, 650—on musical
glasses, XI. 149—his magic square
and circle, XIII. 683—on population,
XV. 514—on smoky chimnies, XX.
419, et seq.—on the art of swimming,
XXI. 40—on the laws of nature, 586
—his character of Whitefield, 875—
anecdote of, ib.
 (Sir John), on aurora borealis,
IV. 199, 200, 201—his arctic expedi¬
tions, X. 401; XVIII. 220, 222.
 (Thomas), X. 222.
 , town in Tennessee, XXI. 183.
  Institute, their experiments
on the elastic fores of steam, XX.
588—formula representing the law of
the relation between that force and
the temperature, 596 — experiments
on the strength of boiler materials,
677—on fusible plugs, 682.
Franklinite, specific gravity of, XII. 29.
Franks, X. 225—laws of the, VI. 123-
wars of the Romans with the, VII.
27 5 — Dubos on their entry into
France, VIII. 249—their conquest of
Gaul, X. 2 ; of Helvetia, XXI. 42—
Leibnitz on their origin, XIII. 205.
Frascati, Italian town, X. 225.
Fraser’s account of Arabia, III. 324, et
FRA—FRE
seq.; of Buekhara, V. 696, et seq. ; of
Persia, XVII. 241, et seq.
Fraserburgh, X. 225.
Fratercula, birds, XVI. 630.
Fraternal duty, XV. 471.
Fraternity, X. 226.
Fratriagk, X. 226.
Fratricelli, X. 226.
Fratricide, X. 226.
Fratta-Maggiore, X. 226.
Frauenburg, X. 226.
Fraunhofer (Joseph), achromatic glasses
improved by, I. 635—superiority of
the flint-glass produced under his in¬
spection, ib.—Dorpat telescope made
by, IV. 102—on electrical light, VIII.
584—his micrometers, XV. 24—his
microscopes, 39—his optical disco¬
veries, I. 636 ; XVI. 371, 415, 437.
Fraustadt, in Posen, X. 226.
Fray, X. 226.
Frea, or Frigga, X. 226.
Freats, or Freits, X. 226.
Freckles, X. 227.
Fredegonde, X. 4.
Frederic, Elector Palatine, V. 307.
Frederick I. of Prussia, XVIII. 672.
 II., emperor, his invasion of Pa¬
lestine, XVI. 758—his patronage of
the University of Bologna, XXI. 488.
 II. of Prussia, XVIII. 672.
  III., the Great, X. 227—reign
of, XVIII. 672—character of, 683—
his army, III. 597—his opposition to
the plan of Joseph II. for the acquisi¬
tion of Bavaria, V. 437—his military
tactics, XXI. 738, 747, et seq.
 IV. of Denmark, VII. 723.
  Barbarossa, XVI. 757.
 , Prince of Wales, his death in
the year 1751, V. 383.
 , town in Maryland, X. 230.
Frederick-William, Elector of Branden¬
burg, XVIII. 671.
Frederiek-William II. and III., kings
of Prussia, XVIII. 683, 684.
Frederick’s Oord, in Holland, poor-co¬
lonies at, II. 347.
Fredericksburgh, X. 230.
Frederickshall, siege of, XXI. 25, 32.
Fredericksham, X. 230.
Frederickstad, X. 230.
Frederickton, a town in New Brunswick,
XVI. 149.
Free, X. 230—bench, ib.—cities, ib.
Free trade, VIII. 398—advantages of,
VIE 166, 414, 421.
Free will, XX. 88. See Liberty and
Necessity.
Freebooter, X. 230.
Freedom, X. 230. See Liberty.
Freehold, X. 2 30.
Freeman’s letter-balance, XXI. 840.
Free-Martin, II. 326.
Fbee-Masonry, XIV. 280—the Diony¬
siacs of Ionia, III. 379.
Freethinkers, VII. 678.
Freewill Islands, X. 230.
Freezing. See Congelation.
Fregilus, bird, XVI. 574, 591.
Freiberg, in Saxony, X. 230—silver
mines of, XV. 255—battle of, XVIII.
682.
Freiburg, in Switzerland, X. 240—
suspension-bridge at, 218.
Freight, X. 231.
Friend (John), physician, X. 231.
Friesing, in Bavaria, X. 231.
Frejus, French town, X. 231.
French, their skulls, II. 784—their no¬
tion of ancient mythology, III. 257—
want the feeling of the antique, 268
—their military character, 601—
intellectual character, IV. 163-4—
nine-tenths of them desirous of peace
with England, VII. 176—contrasted
with the Germans, VIII. 177—their
gallantry, XX. 178, n.—superiority in
ship-huilding, 22-), 288—French Ca¬
nadians, VI. 65-68. See France.
  Academies—Royal Academy of
Sciences, II. 69—provincial Acade
mies, 70—Academy of Painting and
FRE—FRO
Sculpture, 73 — Royal Academy of
Music, 74—Academies of Architec¬
ture and Medals, 75.
French Academy, II. 77—expeditions
sent by them to determine the earth’s
figure and size, IX. 508 ; 1. 657-8; V.
144; VII. 199—their experiments on
the force of steam, XX. 586—formula
representing those experiments, 595.
 berries, dyestuff, VIII. 321.
 Institute, XVII. 77.
 language, XIII. 88—Bibles, IV.
616—Norman, IX. 38.
Frenicle on magic squares, XIII. 681.
Fresch-Haff, IV. 329; XVIII. 691.
Fresco painting, X. 231; XVI. 699,707
Fresh-water serpents, XX. 141.
Freshes, X. 231.
Fresnel (Mens.) on chromatics, VI. 632,
et seq.—on magnetism, XIII. 724—his
optical discoveries, XVI. 370, 426,
435, 459, 465, 485, 497, 502—on po¬
larization of light, XVIII. 243-6—his
sea-lights, XX. 21, et seq.
Fresnoy (Charles Alphonse du), X. 231.
Fret, in architecture, X. 232—in heral¬
dry, XI. 251.
Fret-work, X. 232.
Freteau (Monsieur), X. 43.
Fretts, in mineralogy, X. 232.
Fretty, in heraldry, XI. 251. 1
Freudenburg, X. 232.
Freudenstadt, X. 232.
Frey (Jachimo), IX. 52.
Freyberg. See Freiberg.
Freyburg* in Baden, X. 232.
 , in Switzerland. See Freiburg
Freyre, VI. 543.
Friable, X. 232.
Friars, X. 232—preaching, VIII. 108
—at Jerusalem, XII. 551.
Fricassee, X. 232.
Friction, X. 232—Coulomb on, VII.
426, 4 28—heat from, XI. 195—of
water in pipes, XII. 69—laws of, and
mode of diminishing, XIV. 407, 443,
—communication of power by, 446—•
of railway-carriages, XIX. 46.
Friction-wheels, XIV. 416.
Friday, X. 232—origin of the word,
XVIII. 337.
Friderica, Danish city, X. 232.
Fridstol, X. 232.
Friedberg, in Bavaria, X. 232.
Friedland, Prussian town, X. 232—
battle of, 146; XIX. 559.
Friedrichsborg, X. 232.
Friendly Islands, X. 231; XVIII. 322.
Friendly Societies and Savings Banks in
Scotland, XIX. 766.
Friends of the People, societies of, in
1791, V. 463, 466; VIII. 415.
Friendship, X. 233—Aristotle on, HI.
521—ingredients of, XV. 473.
Friesland, X. 234—East, ib.
Frieze, III. 467—Doric, 438,450—Ionic,
439, 449—Corinthian, 441, 448—en¬
richments of Roman, 451.
Frigate, X. 234; XIX. 75—the first
built, XX. 222.
Frigate-bird, XVI. 634.
Frigate-built, X. 234.
Frigatoon, X. 234.
Frigid, X. 234—zones, 408.
Frigidity, X. 234.
Frigorific particles, X. 234.
 saline powders, VII. 60, 62. See
Congelation.
Frilazin, X. 234.
Fringilla, birds, XVI. 580.
Fringybazar, X. 234.
Frippery, X. 234.
Frisch on birds, XVI. 546.
Frisch-Haf, IV. 329 ; XVIII. 691.
Frisi (Paul), X. 234.
Frisii, X. 236.
Fkit, or Fritt, X. 236.
Frith (John), X. 240 ; VII. 446.
Fritigern, XIX. 419.
Fritzlar, X. 237.
Frize, or Freeze, cloth, X. 237.
Frohenius (John), X. 237.
Frobisher (Sir Martin), navigator, X*
INDEX
65
FRO—FUL
237—his north-west voyages of disco¬
very, XVIII. 217.
Frobisher’s Straits, X. 237.
Frodsham, town in Cheshire, X. 237.
Frogs, IX. 152—their bones, III. 13, et
seq.—showers of, XVII. 536 ; XIX.
57—structure of, XVII. 714.
Froissart, his account of the Earl of
Foix, VI. 603—an enthusiastic de-
scriber of the combats of knights, 607
—instances of chivalry quoted from,
608, 609, 611.
Frome, river and town, X. 237.
Frondescentia, X. 237.
Front, X. 237.
Frontal, X. 237.
■ bone in man, II. 770—suture of
the, 782—in the mammalia, III. 4—in
birds, 12.
 sinus, II. 785.
Frontier, X. 238.
Frontignan, French city, X. 238.
Frontinus (Sext. Julius), X. 238—on
the Roman aqueducts, III. 317—on
hydraulics, XII. 1.
Frontispiece, in architecture, X. 238;
III. 467.
Fronto (Marcus C.),X. 238—discovery
of his works by Maio, XVI. 766.
Frost, X. 238—why scarcity of water
from springs is occasioned by, XVIII.
121. See Congelation,
Froth, X. 238.
Froth Spit, or Cuckoo Spit, X. 238.
Frowde (Philip), poet, X. 238.
Frozen Ocean, X. 239. See Polar Seas.
Frcctescentia, X. 239.
Frbctiferohs, X. 239.
Fructification of plants, X. 239.
Fruits, X. 239—structure of, III. 98—
in botany, V. 47—preservation of,
IX. 728—maturation of, XXI. 584—
their influence on the quality of the
air, 584—effect of light on their co¬
lour, ib.—their constituent princi¬
ples, 894.
Fruit-garden, XI. 631—calendar, 687.
Fruit-trees, protection of, from insects,
XII. 293, 294.
Fruit-stones, swallowing of, X. 239.
Fruitery, X. 240.
Frumentaceous, in botany, X. 240.
Frumentarii, soldiers, X. 240.
Frumentation, X. 240.
Frumentius, Christianity introduced
into Abyssinia by, II. 50, 51.
Frustum, in mathematics, X. 240.
Frutex, a shrub, X. 240.
Fry, in zoology, X. 240.
Fryburg. See Freiberg.
Fryth (John), X. 240 ; VII. 446.
Fuage, old English tax, X. 240.
Fucinus Lacus, in Italy, X. 240'.
Fucus, ancient dye, X. 241.
Fuego, or Fogo, island, X. 241.
Fuegos Isle, X. 241.
Fuel, X. 241 ; XIV. 511—that employ¬
ed in generating steam, XX. 602—of
steam-engines, 629—economy of, in
steam-boilers, 684. See Coal.
Fuente-Rrabia, Spanish city, X. 241.
Fuentes, VI. 544.
 de Honor, battle of, V. 529.
 (Count), XVI. 114.
Fuerte (Villa del), capital of Sinaloa
in Mexico, XIV. 818.
Fuga Isle, X. 241.
Fug alia, Roman feast, X. 241.
Fugitive, X. 241.
Fugue, in music, X. 241; XV. 639.
Fulcrum, in mechanics, X. 241.
Fulda, X. 241; XI. 287.
Fulgora, insect, IX. 202 ; XIII. 338.
Fulham, in Middlesex, X. 242.
Fulica, bird, XVI. 627.
Fuligula, bird, XVI. 637.
Fulke (Dr), his work against the Douay
Bible, IV. 618.
Fuller and Fullery, X. 242.
  (Dr Thomas), X. 242—on the
ships of the 17th century, XX. 224.
Fuller’s Earth, X. 242 ; IV. 690.
 — Thistle, culture of, II. 295.
FUL—FUR
Fulling, X. 242—of wool, VIII. 299—
of cloth, XXI. 933.
Fulmar, bird, XVI. 632.
Fulminary tubes, VIII. 621.
Fulminates, VI. 456.
Fulmination, X. 243.
Fulminic acid, VI. 433.
Fulnek, in Moravia, X. 243.
Fulta, Hindu village, X. 243.
Fulton (Robert), his steam-boats, XX.
688, 689; XXI. 469.
Fulvius, siege of Ambracia by, II, 599.
Fumaria, in botany, V. 80.
Fumariaeeai, in botany, V. 97.
Fumigation, in chemistry, X. 243.
Funambulus, X. 243.
Funccius on the progress of the Latin
language, XII. 292.
Funchal, X. 243; XIII. 671—maximum
and minimum dew points at, IV. 138.
Function, X, 244—animal functions,
II'. 711. See Physiology.
Fund, X. 244.
Fundamental, X. 244—bass, ib.
Fundi, town in Latium, X. 244.
Funding System, X. 244—difficulties
in 1796-7, V. 480, 483—national debt
of the United Kingdom, VIII. 796 ;
of Spain, XX. 521—Dr Hamilton on
the, XI. 125.
Fundulus, fish, XII. 199.
Funen, X. 257 ; IV. 328 ; VII. 725.
Funeral Rites, X. 257—in Abyssinia,
II- 62—of the N. American Indians,
620—in Denbighshire, VII. 717—of
the ancients, V. 712, 724 ; XII. 329 ;
XX. 528—coronach, VII. 372—fune¬
ral games, X, 259—oration, ib.—ser¬
mons, ib,—escutcheons, XI. 260—
pile, XVII. 743—dead bodies exposed
to be devoured by birds in Tibet, XXI.
258. See Burial, Tomb.
Funfkircben, X. 260.
Fungi, in botany, X. 260 ; V. 39, 139—
reproductive organs of, 57—several
species of them poisonous, XIV. 506 ;
XVIII. 178.
Fungibles, in Scottish law, X. 260.
Fungic acid, VI. 429.
Fungieoke, insects, IX. 185.
Fungin, VI. 481.
Fungus. See Dry Rot, Fungi.
Funiculi, in botany, V. 46, 50.,
Funnel, X. 260—filtering, IX. 582.
Funzha, river, IV. 732.
Furs, in heraldry, XL 245—Siberian
XX. 325.
Fur-trade, X. 260—Russian, II. 406;
XIX. 588—of Canada, VI. 63—Hud¬
son’s Bay Company, VII. 184 —im¬
ports of furs into the United King¬
dom, VIII. 783.
Furbisher, X. 268.
Furca, in antiquity, X. 268.
Furche, in heraldry, X. 268.
Furetiere (Anthony), philologist, X.
268—his Table-Talk, II. 675.
Furcocerca, animalcules, III. 191.
Furcula, a bone of birds, III. 13.
Furies (the), X. 268 ; IX. 401.
Furling of sails, X. 269.
Furlong, English measure, X. 269.
Furlough, X. 269.
Furnace, X. 269—for assaying. III.
710—bellows used in blast-furnace,
IV. 714; XVIII. 130—brass-maker’s,
V. 186—for casting cannon, VI. 86
blast-furnaces, 88, XII. 432; XVIII.
129; XX. 406—Coining, VII. 46—
glass-making, X. 566—hot-blast, 559 ;
XII. 439 ; XV. 246, 250, n.; XX. 406
—hot-house, XI. 653—for reducing
quicksilver, XV. 259—current of air
in, XVIII. 129.
Furneaux (Tobias), his voyage of dis¬
covery, IV. 205 ; VII. 298.
 Islands, X. 276.
Furnes, city in Flanders, X. 277.
Furness, in Lancashire, IX. 797.
Furniture, in dialling, X. 277.
Furnival (Lord),in Ireland, XII. 359.
Furnival’s Inn, London, XII. 282.
Furkuckabad, Hindu town, X. 277. '
FUR—GAI
Furth, Bavarian city, X. 277.
Furthcoming, in Scotch law, X. 277.
Fusarole, in architecture, X. 277.
Fuse, or Fusee, in artillery, X. 277.
Fusee, in clock-work, X. 277—of a watch,,
VI. 786, 787 ; XIV. 365.
Fuseli (Henry), painter, X. 277—merits
of his works, XVI. 726-7.
Fusi, mountain, XII. 511.
Fusil, in heraldry, X. 277 ; XI. 252.
Fusiliers, or Fusileers, X. 278.
Fusiuieri on electrical light, VIII. 585
—on the transport of ponderable sub¬
stances by lightning, 620.
Fuslee era, VI. 664.
Fuss (Monsieur), on the strain of co¬
lumns, XX. 760.
Fust (John), X. 278 ; XVIII. 543.
 , in architecture, X. 279.
Fustian, X. 279.
Fustic, yellow dye-stuff, VIII. 319.
Fustigatio, Roman punishment of free¬
men, X. 279.
Fusus, shell-fish, XV. 373.
Futteh Mahommed, VII. 564.
Futtehghur, Hindu town, X. 279.
Futtehpoor, Hi idutown, X. 279.
Futtocks, in a ship, X. 279.
Futtypoor, town of Hindustan, X. 279.
Future, X. 279—tense, ib. 660.
Future state, VI. 624, 625—belief of
the North American Indiana in, II.
620. See Immortality.
Futwa, Hindu town, X. 279.
Fynach, falls of, VI. 137.
Fyzabad, Hindu town, X. 279.
a
G, letter of the alphabet, X. 280.
Gabale, in mythology, X. 280.
Gabara, in antiquity, X. 280.
Gabardine, a dress, X. 280.
Gabbronite, specific gravity of, XII. 29.
Gabel, French tax, X. 280.
 > or Gablona, in Bohemia, X. 280.
Gabinian Laws, X. 280.
Gabinius (Aulus), X. 280 ; VIII. 475.
Gabion, in fortification, X. 281.
Gable, or Gabel-end, X. 281; III. 467.
Gabres, or Guebres, X. 281.
Gabriel, angel, X. 281.
Gabrielites, religious sect, X. 281.
Gad, X. 281.
Gadd’s patent ropes, XIX 467.
Gaddesden (John of), XX. 827.
Gaddi, painter, XVI. 709.
Gadeni, VI. 1.
Gades, Spanish city, X. 281. See Cadiz.
Gad-fly, IX. 279.
Gadidss, in ichthyology, XII. 217.
Gadolin of Abo, consequences of his
introducing the term specific heat into
science, I. 645.
Gadolinite, XV. 160—sp. gr. of, XII. 29.
Gadus, fish, XII. 217.
Gaelic language, V. 295 ; XIII. 86—
XVII. 378, 414, 415—its structure,
416—dictionaries and grammars, 417
—Bible, IV. 619.
Gaertner on the seeds of plants, III. 72,
et seq., 100—on buds, 89—his botani¬
cal labours, V. 80.
Gaeta, X. 281—bay of, XV. 698.
Gaffarel (James), X. 281.
Gaga, island, X. 281.
Gage, X. 281, 282. See Wind-gage.
Gahrah, Hindu town, X. 282.
Gatac, wood of, XVI. 681.
Gaildorf, in AVurtemberg, X. 282.
Gailenreuth, cave of, X\’. 223.
Gaillac, in France, X. 282.
Gaimard on birds of paradise, XVI. 586.
Gain, X. 282.
Gainage, X. 282.
Gainsborough, in Lincoln, X. 282.
 (Thomas), English painter, III.
252; XVI. 726.
Gainza (General), VI. 540.
Gairloch cod fishery, IX. 601.
GAI—GAL
Gaisford’s edition of Suidas, XX. 799.
Gait, muscles employed in, II. 797.
Gains, or Cains, Institutes of, AM. 712,
715, 716; XVI. 768.
Gajrat, XL 30.
Gala Water, VIII. 429.
Galacineae, in botany, V. 112.
Galactophagi, X. 282.
Galago, in zoology, XIV. 97.
Galashiels, Scotch town, X. 282.
Galatea, sea-nymph, X. 282.
Galathea, in conchoiogy, XV. 341.
Galatia, in Asia Minor, X. 282.
Galatz, city of Moldavia, X. 283.
Galaxy, or Milky AVay, X. 283 ; IV. 48.
Galba (Sergius Sulpicius), Roman em¬
peror, X. 283—reign of, XIX. 404.
 , insect, IX. 140.
Galbanum, VI. 491—sp. gr.of, XII. 29.
Galbaud, governor of Hayti, VIII. 105.
Galbula, bird, XVI. 594.
Galbulum, in botany, V. 50.
Gale, in nautical language, X. 284.
 (Dr John), X. 284.
 (Theophilus), X. 284.
 (Dr Thomas), X. 284.
Galeazzo of Mantua, VI. 608.
Galen (Claudius), X. 284—his anato¬
mical knowledge, II. 689; XVII. 726
—character of his works, II. 691—on
bathing, IV. 444, 445, 447-*--on in¬
sanity, XIV. 579—his attainments in
physiology, XVII. 726—his .skill in
surgery, XX. 824.
Galena, in Illinois, XII. 249.
 , a mineral, XV. 169.
Galenic, in medicine, X. 285.
Galenists, X. 285.
Galeodes, genus of arachnides, III. 366.
Galeopithecidae, in zoology, XIV. 102.
Galeopithecus, in zoology, XIV. 102.
Galericulum, dress, X. 285.
Galerius, Roman emperor, XIX. 413,
414; XI. 491.
Galeruca, insect, IX. 184.
Galerucitse, insects, IX. 184.
Galeus, fish, XII. 233.
Galgacus, V. 300; XIX. 405, 695.
Galgulus, insect, IX. 198.
Galiani (Ferdinand), Italian writer, X.
285—on free agency, I, 197, n. 2 —
on wealth, XVIII. 274, n.
Galicia, Spanish province, X. 287.
Galien (Joseph), on aeronautics, II. 180.
Galienus, XIX. 412 —his massacre of
the Byzantines, V. 761.
Galileans, Jewish sect, X. 288.
Galilee, X. 288 ; XVI. 742.
Galileo Galilei, X. 288—his appli¬
cation of the law of continuity con¬
fined to physics, I. 258—Hume’s com¬
parison between him and Lord Bacon,
469 — on the acceleration of falling
bodies, 476 ; II. 81—estimate of his
genius, I. 477—his discoveries con¬
firmed the Copernican system, ib.
492-3—his telescope, 490; II. 98;
XVI. 355—his astronomical disco¬
veries, I. 491; III. 740—brought be¬
fore the Inquisition, and made to re¬
cant, I. 492—on the lever, 535—on
gravitation, 559—on musical strings,
II. 122—on the sun’s spots, III. 778
—his discoveries in pneumatics, IV.
385; I. 476; XVIII. 71—Descartes’s
low opinion of, VI. 18i—on the pen¬
dulum, 767 ; I. 476—on projectiles,
XL 42 ; I. 476—on hydrodynamics,
XII. 2—on ice, 140—on mechanics,
XIV. 350, 360; 1.47-5—his micros¬
cope, XVI. 356—on the pump, XVII.
444—on moving forces, XX. 565.
Galipoli, city in Turkey, X. 206.
Galipot, specific gravity of, XII. 29.
Gall, X. 296. See Bile, Galls.
  (Francois Joseph), X. 296 ;
XX. 551—his phrenological doctrines,
XVII. 454—on cerebral fibres, 660.
 (St), in Switzerland, X. 298.
Gall-bladder, II. 817—mucus of the, VL
497—disease of the, XVII. 478.
Galland (Antony), X. 298.
Gallas, Abyssinian tribe, II. 322.
66
INDEX
GAL—GAN
Gallaxias, fish, XII. 200.
Galleas, XX. 218.
Gallegos, painter, XVI. 722.
 , river, XVII. 117.
Galleon, ship, X. 299 ; XX. 218.
Galleot, small galley, X. 299.
Galleria, insect, IX. 252.
Gallery, X. 299.
Galley, X. 299—ancient galleys, XX.
210—of the middle ages, 213—Eng¬
lish, 217.
Galli, ancient priests, X. 299.
Gallic alphabet, II. PI. 19.
 acid, VI. 429; VIII. 305—its use
as a mordant, ib.
Gallichtys, fish, XII. 186.
Gallicia, in Austria, X. 299 ; IV. 227 ;
XVIII. 212.
Gallicism, X. 300.
Gallicolce, insects, IX. 226.
Gallienus, reign of, XIX. 412—his mas¬
sacre of the Byzantines, V. 761.
Gallinaceous birds, XVI. 604—pairing
of, III. 168.
Gallini on dancing, VII. 618.
Gallinsecta, insect, IX. 206.
Gallinule, bird, XVI. 627.
Gallio of Ravenna, V. 301.
Gallipoli, X. 300 ; XV. 700.
Gallo-canta, Spanish lake, III. 37 3.
Gallois (John), French author, X. 300
—his opposition to the new geometri¬
cal analysis, I. 534.
Gallon, measure, X. 301; XXI. 841,
844—standard gallon, 846.
Gallonde’s scapement, VI. 775.
Gallop, X. 301.
Gallopagos Islands, XVIII. 798.
Galloway, X. 301—horse, II. 317 ; XI.
591—cattle, II. 323; XII. 736.
Gallows, X. 301.
Galls, X. 296—their use in dyeing,
VIII. 301, 304, 317—oak-bark a sub¬
stitute for them in dyeing, 328, n. 3,
329, 330.
Gallus, VII. 273—reign of, XIX. 412.
■ (C. Cornelius), poet, X. 301.
 , bird, XVI. 608.
Galtee mountains, XXI. 313.
Galvan (Edward), his embassy to Abys¬
sinia, II. 52.
Galvani (Louis), of Bologna, X. 301—
his discovery of galvanism, I. 623 ;
VIII. 572; XXI. 664.
Galvanic apparatus described, XXI. 665.
Galvanism, X. 302; XXI. 664—Sir
H. Davy’s chemical discoveries by the
aid of,- VII. 638-9—discovery of, I.
623; VIII. 572 ; XXI. 664—Is nervous
energy identical with it ? XVII. 136—
-r—Wheatstone’s telegraph, XXI. 138.
Galvanometer, Ritchie’s torsion, XXI.
688—Locke’s thermoscopic, 700.
Galvanoscope, XXI. 688.
Galway, Irish county, X. 302.
 , Irish town, X. 306.
Gama (Vasco tie), X. 307 ; XVIII. 465
—his fleet, XX. 219.
Gamaliel, Jewish patriarch, XVII. 141.
Gamarra (General), IV. 760.
Gamasus, genus of arachnides, III. 368.
Gambasio, a blind sculptor, IV. 702.
Gambia, river, X. 309 ; XX. 92.
Gambieb’s Islands, X. 309.
Gamble (Rev. J.), his telegraph, XXI.
138—quoted, 139.
Gamboge, VI. 491—sp. gr. of, XII. 29.
Game, X. 309—secular games, XX. 72.
Game-laws, X. 309—qualification for
killing game, XX. 301.
Gamelia, nuptial feast, X. 311.
Gamelion, Athenian month, X. 311.
Gaming, X. 311—bills for gaming debts,
IX. 458. See Chance, Probability.
Gamla Carlby, IV. 330.
Gammoning, X. 313.
Gamostyle, in botany, V. 45.
Gamrie, church of, IV. 345.
Gamut, in music, X. 313 ; III. 480.
Gandicotta, in Hindustan, X. 313.
Ganessa, Hindu mathematician, II. 425.
Ganga, bird, XVI. 611.
Ganganelli (Pope). See Clement XIV.
GAN—GAS
Ganges, river, X. 313; III. 676; XI.
376—resort of pilgrims to, IV. 560—
inundations, 564; XVII. 525—navi¬
gation, IV. 568 ; V. 790 ; XVI. 3—fer¬
tilizing mud, XII. 454—discolours the
sea, XVII. 524—the Sunderbunds,
XX. 809.
Ganglia, XVII. 661, 677—lymphatic, II.
730—nervous, 733—of brutes, III. 163
—of the invertebrata, 172—of insects,
IX. 77—ganglionic system, XVII. 680.
Gangoutri, in Hindustan, X. 314.
Gangpour, in Hindustan, X. 314.
Gangrene, XVII. 128—surgical treat¬
ment of, XX. 837.
Gan-King-Foo, in China, X. 314.
Ganjam, Hindu town, X. 314.
Gannet, bird, XVI. 634 ; III. 168.
Gantlet, or Gauntlet, X. 314.
Ganymede, in mythology, X. 314.
Gaol, X. 314—gaol-delivery, ib.
Gaons, Jewish doctors, X. 314.
Gap, in France, X. 315.
Gapers, shell-fish, XV. 373.
Gara (Lough), XIX. 478 ; XX. 392.
Garama, IX. 532.
Garamond (Claude), X. 315.
Garasse (Francis), X. 315.
Garawal, Hindu town, X. 315.
Garbe, in heraldry, X. 315.
Garcia (Don Manuel Jose), V. 659, 660.
Garcilaso de la Vega, Spanish poet, X.
315; XVIII. 162.
Gard, in France, X. 317.
Garda, Italian lake, X. 317; XII. 484 ;
XIII. 469.
Gardant, in heraldry, X. 317.
Gardelegen, Prussian city, X. 317.
Garden (F.), Lord Gardenstone, X. 317.
  (E>r), of Charlestown, on the
gymnotus electricus, VIII. 612.
 , fruit, XI. 631—kitchen, 631,
667—flower, 676—hanging gardens of
Babylon, IV. 267.
Gardener’s calendar, XI. 687.
Gardening, X. 318—history of, ib.—
principles of, 323—execution of the
general subjects, 337—Chinese orna¬
mental, VI. 585—use of stoves in heat¬
ing walls, XVIII. 128. See Horti¬
culture.
Gardiner (Stephen), bishop of Winches¬
ter, X. 343 ; VIII. 751, 753, et seq.
Gardiner’s Tables of Logarithms, no¬
tice of, XIII. 420.
Gargarism, or Gargle, X. 343.
Garget, in animals, XXI. 629.
Gar-fish, XII. 200.
Garioch, II. 29.
Garland, X. 343.
Garlic, culture of, XI. 672.
Garnerin (Monsieur), his descent from a
balloon with a parachute, II. 190.
Garnet, X. 343; XV. 159—crystalliza¬
tion of, VII. 522—specific gravity of,
XII. 29—lenses of, XV. 31.
Garnet-blende, in mineralogy, XV. 170.
Garnet Dennis, island, X. 343.
Garnet’s telegraph, XXI. 138.
Gamier (Marquis), on agriculture,
XVIII. 283—on price, 290—on indi¬
rect taxes, XXI. 110.
Garonne (Upper), X. 343—river, 169.
Garouste’s burning-mirror, V. 734.
Garrick (David), X. 344; XVI. 238;
XXI. 193—the stage improved bv.
VIII. 176.
Garrison, X. 1545—artillery, III. 638.
Gar rot, bird, XVI. 636.
Garro w'S, in Hindustan, X. 345.
Garrulus, bird, XVI. 584.
Garstang, in Lancashire, X. 345.
Garter, in heraldry, X. 347.
   (Order of the), X. 345—its in¬
stitution, VI. 612.
Garth (Sir Samuel), X. 347.
Garye (Christian), X. 347.
Gas, X. 347—transmission of sound
through different gases, II. 116 —
methods of determining relative den¬
sities of, I. 611—coal-gas, VI. 372—
propagation of heat through, 759—
effects of electricity on, VIII. 632 
GAS-GAY
condensation of, XI. 192—specific
gravities of various kinds of, XII. 29,
30—its application in moving en¬
gines, XIV. 437 — gaseous poisons,
XIV. 503.
Gas-light, X. 348; VI. 372; XIII. 45-
in Glasgow, X. 561—its effect on the
whale-fishery, IX. 608—whether de¬
sirable in lighthouses, XX. 28.
Gascoigne (George), poet, X. 368.
 .inventor of micrometer, XV. 10.
Gascon (John), his expedition against
the Algerines, II. 506.
Gasometer, X. 353.
Gaspar Soares, iron works at, V. 208.
  Strait, X. 368.
Gassendi (Peter), X. 368—contrast be¬
tween him and Descartes, I. 70—
studied Bacon, ib.—his partiality for
Epicurean physics, 71—his argument
against Descartes, ib.— Did he disco¬
ver the doctrine concerning the ori¬
gin of our knowledge ? 72—his advan¬
tages over Descartes in renouncing
the doctrine of innate ideas, 73—his
merits as a philosopher and writer,
ib., 109—his orthodoxy as a Roman
Catholic, 248—his followers, 107,108—
his doctrine of ideas, 109—his astro¬
nomical labours, 495; III. 741.
Gassiot (M.), chemical power of the elec¬
tric pile exhibited by, XXI. 673.
Gassner’s exorcismal cures, XIV. 9.
Gasteropelecus, fish, XII. 212.
Gasterophilus, XXI. 627.
Gasteropoda, mollusca, XV. 355—struc¬
ture of, XVII. 719.
Gasterosteus, fish, XII. 175.
Gaston, earl of Foix, VI. 603.
Gastric juice, X. 369 ; XVII. 628.
Gastritis, in cattle, XXI. 62 5.
Gastrohranchus, fish, XII. 237—its re¬
spiratory organs, III. 40.
Gastrochsena, in conehology, XV. 340.
Gastromancy, X. 369.
Gastroraphy, in surgery, X. 369.
Gastrotomy, in surgery, X. 369.
Gastrus, insect, IX. 280.
Gatakeb (Thomas), X. 369.
Gath, in Palestine, X. 369.
Gatronc, IX. 533.
Gatun, river, XVI. 783.
Gaubius (Jerome-David), X. 369.
Gauden (John), X. 369 ; XIII. 22.
Gau-el-kebir, ruins at, VIII. 544.
Gauging. See Mensuration.
Gauging-Rod, X. 371.
Gaukarna, Hindu town, X. 371.
Gaul, X. 1, 372—origin of the word,
XVII. 417—druids of, VIII. 204 —
Greek colony at Marseilles, ib.—Ca;-
sar’s exploits in, XIX. 396.
Gauls, V. 293; XVII. 414—their belief
in immortality, VI. 625, 626—their
language, XVII. 414—Rome taken by
the, XIX. 374—their human sacri¬
fices, 605.
Gaungra, district of Berar, X. 372.
Gauntlet, X. 314.
Gauss (Mons.), curious discovery of, in
geometry, I. 585—on the general theo¬
ry of quadratic factors or impossible
roots, 596—on equations, IX. 343 
on magnetism, XIII. 700, 750—on the
micrometer, XV. 12—on the method
of the least squares, XVIII. 638—on
the projection of the sphere, 658.
Gautama, V. 637.
Gauthey (Mr), his experiments on the
strength of stone, XX. 759.
Gautier on substitutes for oars, XX. 687.
Gauze, X. 372.
Gavel and Gavel-kind, X. 372.
Gaveston (Pierce), VIII. 726.
Gavials, reptiles, XIX. 134.
Gavotta, a kind of dance, X. 373.
Gawelgur, in Hindustan, X. 373.
Gawnagh (Lough), VI. 255.
Gay (John) poet, X. 373—tendency of
his Beggar’s Opera, VIII. 175.
■ (Rev. Mr), his dissertation on
virtue, I. 170—suggested to Hartley
the idea of association, 364.
GAY—GEM
Gaya, island, X. 374 ; XVI. 374.
Gayah, Hindu town, X. 374.
Gayal, in zoology, XIV. 167.
Gay-Lussite, specific gravity of, XII. 30.
Gay-Lussac, his agrial voyages, II. 192,
193—his portable barometer, IV. 400
—his analysis of sugar, V. 247—his
theory of volumes of gases, VI. 354—
on the electricity of the torpedo, VIIL
610—on electricity, 617—on evapora¬
tion, IX. 426, 427—on capillary at¬
traction, XII. 42, 45, 49—on solar
light, XVI. 421 his eudiometer,
XVII. 531—his hygrometer, 533—on
latent heat, XX. 601—on the specific
gravity of steam, 602—his Table of
the density and volume of steam, 603.
Gaza (Theodore), X. 374.
  , in Palestine, X. 374 ; XVI. 741
—taken by Alexander, XIII. 632.
Gazelle, XIV. 162.
Gazette, X. 374; XVI. 168.
Gazna, city in Asia, X. 374.
Gazypoor, in Hindustan, X. 374.
Geary (Admiral), V. 415.
Gebel Mokat’teb, ancient inscriptions
at, XII. 291.
Geber on chemistry, VI. 341.
Gebres, X. 281.
Geby, or Gibby, island, X. 374.
Geby Zeh, or Gebsa, X. 375.
Gecko, reptile, XIX. 146.
Geckotidse, reptiles, XIX. 146.
Ged (William), X. 375 ; XVIII. 564.
Geddes (Dr Alexander), X. 375—on the
Scottish language, IX. 42.
Gedrosia, march of Alexander the Great
through, XIII. 638.
Gedumah, XX. 94.
Geer (De) on ants, III. 239.
Gefie, IV. 327.
Gefleborg, in Sweden, X. 376.
Gefrees, in Bavaria, X. 377.
Gehenna, X. 377.
Gehlenite, specific gravity of, XII. 30.
Gehren, German town, X. 377.
Geisler (Frederick),on anonymous books,
IV. 627.
Geislingen, in Wurtemberg, X. 377.
Gela taken by Carthaginians, VI. 185.
Gelalsean era, VI. 662.
Gelatine, VI. 502 ; XVII. 620, 622—
abounds in some fishes, III. 20—its
quality as a nutriment, VIII. 19—its
extraction from bones, XX. 609 —
gelatinous secretions, XVII. 650.
Gelders, Prussian town, X. 377.
 , or Guelders, X. 377.
Gelieu, his hive, III. 283.
Gellert (Christian Furghtegott), Ger¬
man author, X. 377.
(Monsieur), on capillary attrac¬
tion, XII. 40.
Gelh (John Baptist), X. 377.
Gellibrand (Henry), astronomer, X.
378—on logarithms, XIII. 420—on
the compass, XV. 749.
Gellius (Aulus), X. 378; XVII. 413.
Gelnhausen, Hessian town, X. 378.
Gelon, king of Syracuse, X. 378—his
defeat of the Carthaginians, VI. 184
—reign of, 55.
Gems, X. 378 ; XV. 154—skill of the
ancients in cutting them, III. 259—
ancient imitation gems, 261 — gems
of Ava, IV. 241 ; Ceylon, VL 300 ;
Egypt, VIII 518—mode of cementing,
VI. 278—crystallization of, VII. 515,
522 counterfeit, VIII. 123—magnet¬
ism of, XIII. 709—lenses of, XV. 29, et
seq.—microscopic cavities in, 57. See
the geographical articles generally.
Gemappe, X. 379. See Jemmappes.
Gembloux, town of Namur, X. 379.
Gemini, constellation, X. 379.
Geminiani, musician, X. 379.
Gemishkhana, in Asia Minor, X. 380.
Gemma, a species of bud, III. 90.
Gemmation of leaves, V. 36.
Geminus on the ancient Egyptian calen¬
dar, VIII. 554.
Gemimus of Rhodes, X. 426.
Gemonias Scalas, X. 380.
INDEX,
67
GEM—GEN
Gemmule, in botany, V. 51.
Gempylus, fish, XII. 183.
Genappe, in the Netherlands, X. 380.
Gendarmerie, X. 220.
Gendek, in grammar, X. 380, 641, 683.
Genealogica Arbob, X. 380.
Genealogy, X. 380.
General, X. 380.
General Assembly of the Church of
Scotland, XIX. 763.
Generalissimo, X. 380.
Generate, in music, X. 380.
Generated, or genited, X.*380.
Generating line, in geometry, X. 380.
Generation, X. 380. ,
 of animals, XVII. 684; XIV. 515
—of vertebrated animals, II. 706 ;
the mammalia, 708 ; animalcules, III.
185; ants, 242 ; bees, IV. 529, 532;
plants, V. 39, 43 ; XXI. 583 ; insects,
IX. 108; the mollusca, XV. 352, et
seq.; frogs, XIX. 152 ; serpents, XX.
132 ; zoophytes, XXI. 990 ; intesti¬
nal worms, 992, 994, et seq.—points
of resemblance and difference in re¬
production of plants and animals, III.
157—hybrids generally barren, 161
—Have all animals progenitors? 162 ;
XXI. 992—genus said to be produced
from vegetable seeds, III. 187, 191
—succession of blind children in fa¬
milies, IV. 698—castration, VI. 236.
See Callipsedia, Reproduction.
■   (organs of), in man, II. 823;
XVII. 687—their muscles, II. 794—
in brutes, III. 40—in plants, 95, 97.
Generator, in music, X. 381.
Generosity, why much esteemed, VIII. 2 8.
Genesis, book of, X. 381.
 *—, in geometry, X. 381.
Genethlia, ancient solemnity, X. 381.
Genethliaci, in astrology, X. 381.
Genetta, in zoology, XIV. 118.
Geneva, X. 331—independence of, IV.
312—Bible, 618—political troubles in
the year 1782, VIII. 264—coins, XV.
407, 409—population, 534.
 (lake op ), X. 381; XVII. 523 ;
XXI. 46—its temperature at different
depths, VI. 749.
•  , or gin, X. 381 ; VIII. 51.
Genevieve (Fathers of), X. 381.
 (St), in Missouri, XV. 304. •
Genevois, province of Savoy, X. 381.
■  (J. A.), of Berne, his duck-foot
propellers, XX. 687.
Genghis-Khan, III. 688; XI. 409, 482;
XV. 316 ; XXI. 82—his destruction
of Bokhara, V. 699—his invasion of
China, VI. 550, 552—La Croix’s His¬
tory of, VII. 475.
Genial gods, X. 381.
Genii, among the orientals, X. 382.
Genites, among the Hebrews, X. 382.
Genitive, in grammar, X. 382, 642.
Genius, good or evil spirit, X. 382—
Greek and Roman belief respecting
genii, III. 296. See Daemon.
 , in literature, &c., X. 382—its
relation to insanity, III. 307—Sir J.
Reynolds on, XXI. 90.
 of a language, XIII. 64.
Genus, or Senlis, in France, X. 382.
Gennes (M. de), on weaving by mechani¬
cal power, XXI. 830.
Gennesareth, lake of, XVII. 522.
Gennets, in zoology, XIV. 118.
Genoa, X. 382—Academy of Sciences
at, II. 69—commerce of, VII. 157 ;
XV. 745—Bonaparte’s seizure of, X.
136—coins of, XV. 407, 409—weights
and measures of, XXI. 853, 848.
Genovesi (Anthony), X. 383; I. 202.
Genseric the Vandal, XIX. 422-3.
Gentiah, in Hindustan, X. 384.
Gentianin, VI. 468.
Gentile, X. 384.
Gentileschi (Horatio), painter, X. 384.
Gentilis (Albericus), X. 384—merits
of, as the precursor of Grotius, I.
2 5-6—an apologist for Machiavelii, 2 33.
•  (Scipio), X. 385.
Gentleman, X. 385; VII. 178.
' GEN—GEO
Gentleman’s Magazine, VI. 259.
Gentoos. See Hindustan.
Gentz on the balance of power, IV. 308,
309, 311.
Genuflexion, X. 385.
Genus, X. 385—in botany, V. 59, 60, 62
—in natural history, XV. 738—ge¬
nera and species of things, XIII. 447.
Geocentric, in astronomy, X. 385.
Geoeorisse, insects, IX. 195.
Geopfroy of Monmouth, X. 385.
—   (Stephen Francis), X. 386 —
a bad authority on ants, III. 239—his
chemical arrangement of bodies, VI.
356—on conchology, XV. 331.
Geography, X. 387—history of, ib.-—
mathematical, 403—physical, XVII.
498—Venetian Academy for the im¬
provement of, II. 68—D’Anville’s im¬
provements of, III. 278 — mode of
teaching it to the blind, IV. 697—im¬
proved by the Crusades, VII. 493,
494—Edrisi’s work on, VIII. 432—
utility of medals in, XIV. 464—pro¬
jection of the sphere, XVIII. 656—
geographical distribution of plants,
XVII. 545 ; of animals, 549 ; III. 161;
II. 652 ; of insects, IX. 97 ; fishes,
XII. 237; serpents, XX. 133. See
Earth, Physical Geography, and names
of countries, towns, &c.
Geology, XV. 173—earth’s internal
structure, I. 675 ; cases of subsidence
of its surface, II. 45 — geology of
Mount jEtna, 202 ; of America, II.
609, 614 ; of the Andes, III. 116; of
Egypt, VIII. 517—fossil remains of
the mammoth, &c. in America, II.
653 ; V. 641—emergence of islands
from the ocean near the Azores, IV.
264—Falls of Niagara, VI. 59—allu¬
vial plains, or carses, 178—internal
heat of the earth, 745—date of the
creation, VII. 454—final confiagra-
tion, 211—extinct Crustacea, 500—the
Deluge, 702—erratic blocks, 703—
scratches on rocks, ib.—Dolomieu on
geology, VIII. 96, 97—knowledge of
it necessary in draining, 136—silting
of seas and rivers, 193—geological re¬
lations of insects, IX. 106—earth’s
figure proves its former fluidity, 574
-—fossil infusoria, XV. 56—elevation
of Norwegian shores, XVI. 263—basis
of geology, XVII. 508—epochs of, ib.
—circumstances affecting the present
order of phenomena, 510—formation
of deltas, XVII. 524 ; VIII. 507—ap¬
plication of physiology to, XVII. 587
•—fossil bones in Siberia, XX. 326—
large quantities of limestone and
chalk produced by animalcules, XXI.
1021. See Colliery, Fossil, Physical
Geography, and the geographical ar¬
ticles generally.
Geomancy, X. 421; VIII. 58.
Geometrical proportion, II. 439.
Geometry, X. 422—history of, ib.—
plane, 432—of solids, 457—the genius
of -the Greeks beautifully displayed
in, I. 435,580-81—contributions to, by
Euclid, Archimedes, and Apollonius,
435—geometrical analysis, ib.—works
of Regiomontanus, ib.—introduction
of trigonometry and decimal fractions,
ib—Werner, Benedetto, Maurolycus,
and Cavalieri, 436—exhaustions of
the ancients, ib.—idea of quantities
infinitely great and small introduced
by Kepler, 438—generation of solids
by means of, ib.—Kepler’s view of
the composition of circles, ib.—obser¬
vations on lines and areas, ib.—pur¬
pose served by the doctrine of quan¬
tities infinitely small in size, and in¬
finitely great in number, 439—the
cycloid, ib.—results of introduction
of algebra, 444—Descartes’ Geometria,
ib.—Fermat’s method of drawing tan¬
gents to curves, 445 — geometrical
and algebraic method of treating
quantity, ib.—high value set on the
geometrical construction of problems
GEO
by the Greeks, I. 583—attempts to as¬
certain relation of diameter to the
circumference, ib. -— incommensura¬
bility of the circle, 584—best elemen¬
tary works on, ib.—elementary plane
rests on the combined properties of
the straight line and the circle, ib.—in¬
struments required in solving the
common problems, 585—best manner
of treating lines and curves of the
second order, ib.—improvement made
in trigonometry during the last cen¬
tury, ib.—Descartes’ discoveries, 594
—application of algebra to, II. 424,
480 — Dr Beddoes on the nature of
evidence in, IV. 514—characters of ab¬
breviations in, VI. 323—intimate con¬
nection of dynamics with, VIII. 381
—applications of the fluxional calcu¬
lus to, IX. 705—Egyptian knowledge
of, X VII. 4 30—ancient geometrical an¬
alysis, XX. 359. See Angle, Circle,
Trigonometry, &c.
Geometry (New), state of the sciences
when Newton arose, I. 518—problem
of quadrature of circle solved by him,
ib-—Wallis’s Arithmetic of Infinities,
ib.—discovery of Fluxions by Newton,
519 ; XIV. 318, 321—Newton the first,
and Leibnitz the second, inventor of
the new infinitesimal analysis, I. 520
— controversy relative to the dis¬
covery, 521, et seq.—steps by which
the mathematical sciences were pre¬
pared for the new analysis, 525—this
analysis first appeared in the method
of exhaustions, ib.—advanced a step
in Cavalieri’s method of indivisibles,
ib.—Descartes’ application of algebra
to geometry of curves, ib.—method
of Cavalieri improved and extended
by Torricelli, Barrow, &c., ib.—lastly
appeared Newton and Leibnitz, who
made their discoveries separately, 526
—rejection of the higher powers of
the differences of the variable quanti¬
ties by Leibnitz, liable to objection,
ib.—the two problems into which the
analysis, thus constituted, is divided,
526-8—manner in which Newton pro¬
ceeded, 526—the fluxionary and dif¬
ferential calculus, two modifications
of one general method, 527—the in¬
troduction of the analysis greatly en¬
larged the domain of the mathematical
sciences, ib. — problems of maxima
and minima, to which it was extended,
ib.—is peculiarly adapted to physical
researches, 528—problem of integra¬
tion, 528-9—calculus first published
by Leibnitz, 530—writers by whom it
was explained and improved, 531-2—
its firm establishment in Europe, 532
—English mathematicians fell behind
the French in the integrations of dif¬
ferential or fluxional equations, 533
—opponents of the new method, ib.
— contributions to the science by
Cotes, Taylor, Bradley, Maclaurin,
&c., 576, 598-9—the Italian mathe¬
maticians contributed to the advance¬
ment of the higher calculus, 599—
Euler’s method of determining parti¬
cular integrals, ib.—extension of the
modern calculus by that of partial
differences, ib.—application of it by
Euler and D’Alembert, 600—calculus
of variations, ib.—distinction between
differentials and variations, ib.—in¬
tegration of differential equations, ib.—
modifications of theory of infinitesimal
calculus, ib.—the method of prime
and ultimate ratios preferred by New¬
ton, 601 — improved by Robins and
Lauder, ib. — method of derivative
functions, ib.—works on prime and
ultimate ratios, 602. See Calculus,
Fluxions, Newton, &c.
Geomys, in zoology, XIV. 137.
Geophilus, insect, XV. 655.
 , bird, XVI. 614.
George I., his reign, V. 373—death, 378
—navy, XVI. 42.
GEO—GEE
George II., at the battle of Oudenarde,
V. 372—his reign, 378—death, 385-
navy, XVI. 42—Sir R. Walpole’s ex¬
cise-scheme in reign of, XXL 99.
 III., his reign, V. 385—first ill¬
ness, 390 — opposition to Mr Fox’s
India bill, 431—attempted assassina¬
tion by Margaret Nicholson, 442 —
illness in 1788,451—recovery in 1789,
454—insulted by the mob in 1794,
478—his anti-Catholic feelings, and
opposition to Lord Howick’s bill, 521
—illness in 1810, 532—Duke of York
vested with the custody of his person,
544—his death, 545—character, 54T
insanity, XIV. 586—navy, XVI. 43—
corn-acts of 1773, 1791, 1804, and
1814, VII. 339, 340—subsequent his¬
tory of the corn-laws in his reign,
341.
 IV., his establishment as Prince
of Wales, V.428—his pecuniary embar¬
rassment in 1787, 443—discussions
on his right to the regency, 452—his
debts, 477 —appointed regent, 532
—conduct of his wife, 543—his acces¬
sion to the throne, 545—history of
his reign, 447 —his hatred of his
wife, 549—his dislike to the Catholic
question, 575—his death and charac¬
ter, 578—corn-laws in his reign, VII.
341—his visit to Ireland, VIII. 237;
XII. 388 ; to Edinburgh, VIII. 415.
 (St) of Cappadocia, X. 467, 468.
 (St), one of the Azores, IV. 263.
 (St), or Madras. See Madras.
 (Knights of St), X. 467, 468.
 (Lake), X. 468 ; XXI. 455.
 , the Olympian, X. 744.
 (St), Cross of, X. 468.
George’s (King) Islands, X. 467.
 (St) Island, X. 468.
 Channel, X. 468.
 (St)Hospital,London, XIII. 515.
Georgetown, in Columbia, X. 469—
in South Carolina, ib.—in Prince of
Wales’ Island, ib. ; XVIII. 535—in
Grenada, X. 771—in Kentucky, XII.
699—in Maryland, XIV. 274.
Georgi on Coptic, XI. 315.
Georgia, Russian province, X. 469—
conquered by Alp Arslan, II. 538—
alphabet of, 549—language of, XIII.
90—annexed to Russia, XIX. 551.
 , North American state, X. 469 —
canals in, XVI. 26 ; XXI. 472—rail¬
roads, 474.
Georgian Islands, XVIII. 324.
Georgic, in poetry, X. 470.
Georgina, flower, XL 683.
Georgium Sidus. See Uranus.
Georychus, in zoology, XIV. 135.
Geotrupes, insects, IX. 155.
Gepid^e, a Gothic people, X. 470.
Gera, a city of Reuss, X. 471.
Geraniacese, in botany, V. 103.
Gerard (Alexander), of Aberdeen, X.
471—on beauty, IV. 485, 487.
 (Dr)on theHimalaya mountains,
XL 374.
Gerarde (John), X. 471; V. 87.
Gerasa, ruins of, XVI. 745.
Gerbert, the Arabic notation introduced
into Europe by, I. 441 ; III. 541.
Gerbillon’s geographical discoveries in
Asia, III. 698.
Gerbillus, in zoology, XIV. 434.
Gerdesius on rare books, IV. 625
Gergong, city of Assam, X. 471.
Gergonne, his investigation of a problem
of Apollonius, III. 289.
Gerizzim, XI. 487—temple of, XIX. 631.
Germ of buds, III. 91.
Germa, IX. 532.
Germain-en-Laye (St), X. 472.
Germaine (Lord George), V. 419.
Germains (St) in Cornwall, X. 472.
German philosophy contrasted with that
of France, I. 186-7—censure of the
terms employed by the philosophers
of Germany, 219-20—ethical philoso¬
phy, 412. See Kant, &c.
 language, XIII. 81—value of, in
68
INDEX
GER—GET
philosophical discussions, I. 295 —
Academy for its improvement, IX. 7 6
—improved by Adelung, 148—German
Bibles, IV. 617—Low and High Ger¬
man, X. 485-6.
German Empire, VIII. 693.
 theologians, their opinion of Je¬
sus Christ, XII. 562.
 stove, XX. 739.
 , in genealogy, X. 472.
Germania. See Germany.
Gekmanicus, X. 472 ; XIX. 401.
German© (St), city of Naples, X. 247.
Germans (ancient), VI. 123 ; X. 473—
origin of chivalry among, VI. 592—
their appreciation of the female sex,
596—Roman wars with the, VII. 273 5
XIX. 400, et seq.—-human sacritices
by, XIX. 605—slavery among, XIX.
605 ; XX. 383.
 (modern), X. 485-6—their intel¬
lectual character, IV. 164—contrasted
with the French, VIII. 236—character
of the Austrians, IV. 236.
Germantown, in Pennsylvania, X. 472.
Germany, X. 473—history of, ib—sta¬
tistics, 482; IX. 419—anabaptists in,
II. 679—swarms of ants, III. 243—
pointed architecture, 421, 422—influ¬
ence of the Italian school of architec¬
ture, 427—army of the Germanic
Confederation, 611—canals of the Bal¬
tic, IV. 331—botanists, V. 79—Ger¬
manic League, 438—concubinage in,
VII. 197—copyright, 317-—publica¬
tion of books, 320—cotton-manufac¬
ture, 419—its state at the time of the
Crusades, 489—drama, VIII. 177 —
trade with England, 779—classical
learning, IX. 361—fairs, 477—French
invasions of, X. 101, et seq.—French
trade with, 189—glass-making in, 569
—persecution of the Jews in, XII.
579, 583—libraries, X. 487 ; XIII.
311—variation of the needle, 736—
medical jurisprudence, XIV. 490, 491,
492—mines, XV. 250, et seq. ; X.
485—history of money, XV. 400-
newspapers, XVI. 173—birds, 550—
school of painting, 721, 723—poetry,
XVIII. 166—prisons, 584—Commer¬
cial League, 686, 694—the Reforma¬
tion in, XIX. 78—roads, 299—reli¬
gion, 315—romance, 329, 356—in¬
vaded by the Romans, 400, et seq.—
literature, 680; X. 486, 596—sculp¬
ture, XX. 10—wars of Gustavus
Adolphus in, XXI. 17—weights and
measures of, 853—wool imported from,
923. 924—map of, X. Plates 264 and
265. See German, Germans.
Germen, in botany, X. 490 ; V. 45.
Germination of seeds, X. 490 ; III. 76 ;
XXI. 567.
Geron, insect, IX. 267.
Gerona, Spanish city, X. 490.
Gerontes, S,)artan judges, X. 490.
Gerrald (Joseph), XIII. 21.
Gerris, insect, IX. 198.
Gers, in France, X. 490.
Gerson (John), doctrines of, I. 310.
Gersten on dew, VII. 749.
Gertokh, town in Thibet, X. 491.
Gercind, in grammar, X. 491.
Gervaise of Tilbury, historian, X. 491.
Gesa, German city, X. 491.
Gesner (Conrad), X. 491—on botany,
V. 7 —on animals, XIV. 76—on or¬
nithology, XVI. 545.
 (Solomon), X. 493—character
of his poetry, XVIII. 167.
Gesneriaceie, in botany, V. 117.
Gessler, XXL 43.
Gestation, XVII. 691—period of, IV.
434, n.—of different animals, III. 169.
Gesture, X. 494—language of gestures.
VII. 648, 651.
Geta, XIX. 410—proscription of his
name by Caracalla, VIII. 534, n. 8.
Getab, X. 494, 618 ; XVII. 418.
Geterino, XI. 269.
Gethin (Lady Grace), X. 494.
Getusemane, X. 495.
GEY—GIF
Gevosbewy, island, XIX. 590.
Geysers, XII. 146 ; XVII. 528.
Gez, IX. 207.
Ghaleb, III. 344.
Ghassa, city of Bootan, X. 495.
Ghauts, X. 495 ; XI. 376.
Gheelan, X. 496.
Ghengis Khan. See Genghis.
Ghent, X. 496—political disturbances
there in 1579, XVI. 108.
Ghep, or Gheep, X. 496.
Gherad-el-bahir, fish, XII. 174.
Ghergong, III. 707.
Giieriah, in Hindustan, X. 496.
Gheroud, Hindu town, X. 496.
Ghetaldus, geometer, X. 429.
Ghibelines, X. 515; XII. 470.
Ghiberti (Lorenzo), sculptor, XX. 8.
Ghiddilow, town in Bengal, X. 496.
Ghiddore, in Bengal, X. 496.
Ghilan, Persian province, X. 496.
Ghirlandaio (Domenicho), XVI. 709.
Ghizni, X. 497—empire of, III. 687.
Ghoober, XI. 710.
Ghoorbund, X. 498.
Ghoorcah, X. 615.
Ghoraghaut, X. 497, 498.
Ghore, or Ghour, X. 498.
Ghosegong, town of Bengal, X. 498.
Ghonfobe, Arabian sea-port, X. 498.
Ghosts, X. 498; III. 294. See Dmmon.
Ghurka. See Aurungabad.
Ghyseabad, Hindu town, X. 498.
Giagh, in chronology, X. 498.
Giambelli, XVI. 110, 113.
Giannone (Peter), X. 498.
Giant, X. 499.
Giant’s Causeway, in Ireland, X. 500 ;
III. 274 ; XII. 393.
Giaours, X. 281.
Giaritchas Isles, X. 502.
Giaveno, Italian city, X. 502.
Gibbet, X. 502.
Gibbon (Edward), X. 502—his estimate
of the talents of Crousaz, and account
of his own studies in 1775, I. 106—
his propensity to be indecent in his
writings, 154—on the works of St
Ambrose, II. 602—his unjust censure
of Dionysius of Halicarnassus, III.
264—his style, ib.—converted to Po¬
pery by perusing Bossuet, V. 25—on
the secondary causes of the propaga¬
tion of Christianity, VI. 624—Lord
Hailes’s Answer to, VII. 603, 604—
on the future safety of civilized men
from barbarians, VIII. 686—his me¬
rits as a historian, XI. 497,498—cha¬
racter of W. Law by, XIII. 152 ; of
Leibnitz, 207—on the destruction of
the Alexandrian library, 287, n.—on
Ossian, XVI. 658—on the history of
the Jews, 753 —on the crusaders,
759—on ancient pantomimes, XVII.
2 — on hereditary monarchy, XXI.
480—Whitaker’s review of his Roman
History, 871.
 (Capt.), voyages of, XVIII. 218.
Gibbons, in zoology, XIV. 91.
Gibbous, X. 515.
Gibbs (James), his style of architecture,
III. 429.
Gibby, island, X. 374.
Gibe'l-el-Birkel, temple of, XVI. 296.
Gibelines, X. 515 ; XII. 470.
Gibeon, in Palestine, X. 515.
Giblets, X. 515.
Gibraltar, X. 515—taken by the Bri¬
tish in 1704, V. 369—attacked by the
Spaniards in 1705, XIII. 157—siege
of, in 1780, III. 476 ; V. 414, 422 ;
VIII. 672—weights and measures of,
XXL 853.
 (Straits of), XVII. 517, 520—
currents in, IX. 427.
Gibson (Richard), painter, X. 516.
  (Dr Edmund), X. 516.
Gideon, son of Joash, X. 516.
Giesecke on aurora borealis, IV. 201.
Gieseckite, specific gravity of, XII. 30.
Giessen, German city, X. 516.
Gifford (William), X. 517—his censure
of Drummond of Hawthornden, VIII.
GIF—GIZ
211—his edition of the works of Mas¬
singer, XIV. 311.
Gift, X. 518—New Year’s, ib.
Gig-horse, XL 595.
Gigg, Gigga, or Jig, X. 518.
Giglewick, in Yorkshire, X. 518—well
of, XVII. 529.
Gijon, X. 518; IV. 112.
Gilbert (Dr William), X. 518—on elec¬
tricity, VIII. 565 ; I. 544—on magne¬
tism, 454, 625 ; XIII. 687, 750 ; XIV.
2; XVII. 572.
 (Sir Humphrey), X. 518 ; XVI.
162—exploratory voyage of, to North
America, XVIII. 217.
Gilbertines, religious order, X. 519.
Gilbertus Anglicanus, XX. 827.
Gilchrist (Dr Ebenezer), X. 519.
Gild, or Guild, XI. 28.
Gildas, British historian, X. 519.
Gilder and carver, V. 692.
Gilding, X. 519 ; V. 692—of porcelain,
XVIII. 436—voltaic, XXI. 683—gilt
wire, 904.
Gilead, X. 522—balm of, IV. 321.
Gilgal, III. 413.
Gilibanta, island, X. 522.
Gill (Dr John), X. 522—on divinity,
XXI. 211, et seq.
 , a measure, X. 523.
 (Lough), XX. 392.
 , in flax-spinning, XX. 538.
Gillespie’s Hospital, a charitable institu¬
tion in Edinburgh, VIII. 425.
Gilliesese, in botany, V. 134.
Gillingham, X. 523.
Gills of fishes, XII. 153,161—temporary,
of tadpoles, HI. 40.
Gilly Sinde, river, X. 523.
Gilmerton, near Edinburgh, limestone
quarry at, VIII. 429.
Gilolo, island, X. 523.
Gilot on gunpowder, XI. 86.
Gilpin (Bernard), X. 524.
 (Mr), on Hogarth, XI. 505.
Gilt-head, fish, XII. 17'7.
Gin, X. 381—manufacture of, VIII. 51.
Ginckel (General) his Irish campaign,
V. 364.
Gingee, in the Carnatic, X. 525.
Gingerah, island, X. 525.
Gingerbread, baking of, IV. 30(1.
Ginkgo tree, XVII. 790.
Gioia (Flavio), X. 525.
Giordano (Luca), painter, XVI. 720.
Giorgione, or Giorgio Barbarelli, X.
528 ; III. 648 ; XVI. 717.
Giotto, painter, XVI. 708, 717.
Giovanni di Bologna, XX. 8.
Gippen river navigation, XVI. 13.
Gipsies. See Gypsies.
Giraffe, XIV. 156, 161 ; II. 227 ; XVII.
709 —erectile "arrangement in its
tongue, III. 27.
Girald, Barry, or Giraldus Cambren-
sis, IV. 410.
Giraldi (Lilio Gregorio), X. 528.
Girar, fortress of Hindustan, X. 528.
Girard (Albert), X. 429—his discoveries
in algebra, I. 443, 592 ; II. 423—his
character, I. 592—onNiydrodynamics,
XII. 5, 76.
Girasol, specific gravity of, XII. 30.
Girders, in architecture, X. 528; V. 685.
Girdle, X. 528—Maiden’s, ib.
Girge, VIII. 544.
Girgenti, X. 528 ; II. 356 ; XV. 702.
Gironde, in France, X. 529.
Girondists, X. 71, et seq.
Girons (St), in France, X. 528.
Girout, Hindu town, X. 529.
Girshe, temple of, XVI. 296.
Gisborough, in Yorkshire, X. 529.
Gisco, VI. 193.
Giseke on botany, V. 79—his notes on
Linnaeus’s lectures, 89.
Gitona, insect, IX. 291.
Gittith, X. 529.
Giurgewo, Turkish city, X. 529.
Givors, canal of, XVI. 5.
Gizeh, VIII. 519.
Gizzard of birds, III. 36; XVII. 711—
! of insects, IX. 85.
GLA—GLE
Glaciers, X. 529; II. 560—not found
among the Andes, III. 117.
Glacis, X. 530 ; IX. 773.
Gladbach, Prussian town, X. 530.
Gladiators, X. 530 ; II. 668—insur¬
rection of Roman, XIX. 394—statue
of Dying Gladiator, VIII. PI. 195.
Gladstones’s reaping-machine, II. 27 0.
Glamorganshire in Wales, X. 531—
canal, XVI. 13.
Glamour, X. 533.
Glance, in mineralogy, XV. 168.
Glance-coal, XV. 17 2—sp. gr. of, XII. 30
Gland, in botany, V. 49—ambiguity of
the term, III. 70.
Glands, structure and classification of
the, II. 748; XVII. 647—functions of,
ib.—lymphatic, II. 730; XVII. 653—
lachrymal, II. 800; XVII. 668—sali¬
vary, II. 804 ; XVII. 663—mammary,
II. 827—of vegetables, III. 70—me¬
senteric, XVII. 653—prostate, 688—
poison-gland of serpents, III. 40.
Glanders, disease of horses, XXI. 631.
Glanibanta, VIII. 291.
Glanvill (Joseph), X. 533—his Scepsis
Scientifica, I. 42—his illustration of
Descartes’ doctrines, 64.
Glanville on witchcraft, XXI. 907.
 (Ranulph), his work De Legibus
4fc. Anglice, XX. 374.
Glaphyra, VI. 126.
Glareola, birds, XVI. 628.
Glarus, in Switzerland, X. 534.
Glasgow, X. 534 — alum-works near,
II. 576—observatory of, IV. 109—
quantity of vapour in the air at, IV.
137—canal to Johnstone, 260 ; XVI.
13—statistics of cotton-mills, VII.
404, 409 — cotton-manufacture, 407,
et seq. — Mr Harley’s dairy, 590—
dredging of the Clyde, VIII. 193, 197
—turkey-red dye-works, 316—iron¬
making, XII. 431—university library,
XIII. 303—mortality, XV. 526 —
Monkland canal, XVI. 16—university,
XIX. 765 ; XXI. 511—water-works,
819. See Clyde.
Glass, X. 562—anaclastic glasses, II.
680—its vast utility to science, III.
185—annealing of, 196—ancient ma¬
nufactures in, 261—burning glasses,
V. 725 ; XI. 195—engraving on, X.
581—musical glasses, XI. 149—spe¬
cific gravity of, XII. 30—analogy be¬
tween magnets and unannealed, XIII.
706—found at Pompeii, XVIII. 345—
pulse-glass, XX. 576—alternations of
attraction and repulsion observable in
particles of, 753—measurement with
glass rods in the trigonometrical sur¬
vey, XX. 352. See Barometer, Glaz¬
ing, Lens, Mirror, Telescope.
Glass-blowers, diseases of, XIV. 510.
Glass-Manufacture, X. 566—of Eng¬
land, VIII. 778 ; Ireland, XII. 405 ;
Petersburg, XVI1.318—glass-blower’s
■bellows, IV. 714 — water-pressure
blowpipe, 715—use of brass in colour¬
ing glass, V. 186—glass-cutting, X.
578—current in furnaces, XVIII. 129.
Glass (Mr), his opinions concerning the
primitive church, XII. 262.
Glassitcs, XIX. 638.
Glastonbury, in Somersetshire, X. 581
—navigation, XVI. 13.
Glatz, Prussian city, X. 581. ,
Glauber (John Rodolph), X. 581.
Glauber salt; In mineralogy, XV. 138.
Glauberite, XV. 139—sp. gr. of XII. 30.
Glaucha, Saxon city, X. 582.
Glaucina, specific gravity of, XII. 30.
Glaucoma, X. 582.
Glaucopis, insect, IX. 244.
 , bird, XVI. 585.
Glaucus, X. 582.
Glazier, X. 582—glazier’s work, in
building, V. 694.
Glazing calender, VI. 19.
Glazing of earthen-ware, X. 582—of
windows, 574; V. 694—of porcelain,
XVIII. 430, 436, 501.
Glebe, X. 588.
INDEX
69
GLE—GNO
Gleditsch on shoals of ants in Germany,
III. 243—on botany, V. 81.
Gleet, nasal, in animals, XXI. 629.
Glenco, massacre of, Y. 364.
Glendaiagh, X. 583; XXI. 879, 880.
Glendower (Owen), VIII. 732.
Glenelg il-ord). See Grant (Charles).
Glenkenns Canal, XVI. 13.
Glenluce, XXI. 883.
Glen-Lynden, X. 613.
Glilla, VI. 527.
Glires, in zoology, XIV. 129.
Glisson (Francis), X. 583—his anatomi¬
cal labours, II. 699.
Globe, X. 584. See Earth. »
Globe-animal, III. 186.
Globes, artificial, X. 584—for the use of
the blind, IV. 698—description and
use of the, X. 409.
Globicephalus, in zoology, XIV. 179.
Globularine®, in botany, V. 124.
Glogau, Prussian city, X. 584.
Gloma, insect, IX. 269.
Glomach waterfall, XIX. 485.
Glomeris, insect, XV. 653.
Glomerulus, in botany, V. 41.
Glommen, river, XVI. 262.
Glory, love of, X. 584.
Glories, colours ofj VI. 637.
Gloss, X. 585.
Glossary, X. 585.
Glossopetra, a fossil, X. 585.
Glossophaga, in zoology, XIV. 101.
Glottis, in man, II. 806 ; XVII. 682—
in other animals, III. 28.
Gloucester, X. 585—siege of, in 1643,
V. 324—ship-canal, XVI. 13—canal
to Hereford, 14.
 in the U. S., X. 585; XIV. 305.
Gloucestershire, X. 585—cheese, VII.
561—woollen-manufacture, XXI. 928
—wages of woollen-manufacturers, 9 36.
Glove, X. 588—glove-trade of'England,
VIII. 777.
Glover (Richard), X. 588—character
of his poetry, XVIII. 173.
Glow-worm, IX. 141; XIII. 338.
Glucina, VI. 399—salts of, 447.
Glucinum, VI. 399.
Gluck (Chevalier Christopher), X. 589
—his imitative music, XV. 641.
Gluckstadt, German city, X. 591.
Glue, X. 591; VI. 502—obtained from
skins, II. 750—its use in joinery, V.
690 ; XII. 612. See Gluten.
Gluma, III. 96.
Glumellse, in botany, V. 40.
Glumes, in botany, V. 40.
Glutseus maximus in brutes, III. 19.
Gluten (animal), XVII. 624.
 (vegetable), IV. 298 ; VI. 478 ;
VIII. 19—a constituent of wheat-
flour, IV. 297—its nutritious power,
VIII. 19.
Gluts, cause of, XVIII. 306.
Glutton, in zoology, XIV. 108.
Gluttony, X. 591. See Voracity.
Glycera, worm, XI. 220.
Glycerins, XIX. 423.
Glycimeris, in conchology, XV. 341.
Glycerine, VI. 474.
Glyphisodon, fish, XII. 176.
Gmelin (John George), botanist, X. 591.
 (Samuel T.), X. 591—his classi¬
fication of animals, III. 170 — on
fishes, XII. 152—on the varieties of
the human species, XIV. 199—on na¬
tural history, XVI. 549.
Gmelinite, specific gravity of, XII. 30.
Gmund, in Wurtemberg, X. 592.
Gnat, IX. 258—prevention of bites of,
XII. 293.
Gnathium, insect, IX. 170.
Gnatia, VIII. 457.
Gnawers, in zoology, XIV. 129. See
Rodentia.
Gneiss, in geology, XV. 189—metals
found in, 277.
Cnesen, circle in Prussia, X. 592.
Gnoma, insect, IX. 179.
Gnomes, imaginary beings, X. 592.
Gnomon, in dialling, X. 592, 392.
GNO—GOE
Gnoo, animal, XIV. 163 ; II. 227.
Gnoriste, insect, IX. 262.
Gnostics, X. 592—their opinions of a
hierarchy of angels, III. 297.
Gnu, in zoology, XIV. 163 ; II. 227.
Goa, X. 593—arrack of, III. 627—lib¬
rary at, XIII. 318—weights and mea¬
sures of, XXI. 853—de la Goa Bay,
II. 233.
Goach, in Celebes, X. 594.
Goagnazes, V. 188, 189.
Goahautee, III. 707.
Goalparah, Hindu town, X. 594.
Goand, in Hindustan, X. 594.
Goands, IV. 730 ; XI. 35.
Goat, XIV. 163 ; II. 340—of America,
II. 653; Cashmere, VI. 213; XI.
382 ; Tibet, XXI. 256—milk of, VI.
499 ; XV. 76.
 — Island, X. 594.
Goatfield, V. 751.
Goatsucker, bird, XVI. 578.
Goban, island and town, X. 594.
Gobelin (Giles), X. 594.
Gobies, fish, XII. 193.
Gobiesox, fish, XII. 221.
Gobingunge, in Bengal, X. 594.
Gobio, fish, XII. 198—‘angling for, III.
147.
Gobioidse, in ichthyology, XII. 192.
Gobioides, fishes, XII. 193.
Gobius, fish, XII. 193.
Goblet, or Gobelet, X. 594.
Gobrias, XXI. 196.
Gocauk, Hindu town, X. 594.
Gocklans, XXI. 84.
God, X. 594—Descartes’ argument for
the existence of, I. 59—Clarke’s and
Newton’s reasonings, 140-1; VI. 729
—our idea of, associated with those of
infinite space and endless duration, I.
141—impossibility of finding proper
language to describe the nature and
attributes of, 147—Epicurean doc¬
trine that God concerns not himself
with the affairs of the world or its
inhabitants, III. 176, n. 184—views
of the ancients respecting, 504—
views of the Athenians, IV. 163, 169;
Pythagoras, XIV. 679 ; Plato, XVIII.
30, 33, 37, 39,40—blasphemy against,
IV. 675—Christian view of, VI. 622—
being and attributes of, XIV. 692 ;
XV. 478 ; XXI. 204, 208—duty to,
210; XV. 477-8—revealed by the uni¬
verse, XVII. 561, 575, 588—prayer
to, XVIII. 504—source of belief in
the existence of, 330—Socrates on
the evidence of his existence and at¬
tributes derived from final causes,
XX. 469—superstitious notions con¬
cerning, 811—unity of, XXI. 204—
Trinity, 205—manifestation of, in the
works of creation and providence,
206. See Atheism, Devotion, Poly¬
theism, Providence, Trinity.
Gods and goddesses, how represented on
Greek and Roman medals, XIV. 484.
Godalming, in Surrey, X. 595.
Godavery, river, X. 595.
Goddard (Jonathan), X. 595.
Goddess, X. 595.
Godefroy. See Gothofred.
Goderich (Lord), his brief administra¬
tion, V. 570.
 , in Canada, VI. 57.
Godfathers and godmothers, X. 595.
Godfrey, marder of, V. 348.
  of Bouillon, a Crusader, VII.
485; X. 595; XVI. 755-6.
Godmanchester, town, X. 595.
Godoy (Don Manuel), X. 149 ; XX. 505.
Godstone, town in Surrey, X. 595.
Godwin (Francis), X. 595.
 (Earl), VIII. 707.
■ (William), his novels, XIX. 345
—on the royal prerogative of pardon,
XVII. 68.
 lights, XIII. 493.
Godwit, bird, XVI. 623.
Goelwarah, in Hindustan, X. 596.
Goes (Pedro de), V. 189.
Goest, Prussian city, X. 596.
GOE—GOM
Goethe (John Wolfgang von), X. 590’
486—his plays, VIII. 177—poetry’
XVIII. 167—novels, XIX. 358.
Gog and Magog, X. 603.
Goggrah, Hindu river, X. 604.
Gogo, Hindu sea-port, X. 604.
Goguet (Antoine-Yves), X. 604—on the
origin of writing, II. 540—on castes,
VI. 220.
Gohud, Hindu town, X. 604.
Goiana, XVII. 237.
Golconda, in Hindustan, X. 604—dia¬
monds of, VIII. 3.
Gold, X. 605—in chemistry, VI. 420—
in mineralogy, XV. 165—assaying of,
IH. 709—carat, VI. 132—transmuta¬
tion of the baser metals into, 344—
sterling gold of Britain, 421—salts of
peroxide of, 452—coinage, VII. 35—
recoinage in 1774, 38 — routine of
coinage at the mint, 44—supply of,
in early ages, 159—effect of its in¬
crease on productive industry, ib.—
recent decrease in the supply of, 162—
its value in the early part of last cen¬
tury, 337—painting in enamel on,
VIII. 693—specific gravity of, XII.
30—gold coins, XIV. 470, 476 ; XV.
884, ef seq.—debasement of, XIV. 496
—its poisonous quality, 502—why more
valuable than silver, XVIII. 289—
cohesion of, XX. 756. See Gilding,
Gold-mines, Gold-wire, &c.
Gold-beaters, IV. 474.
Gold Coast, X. 605 ; XI. 29.
Gold-colour, dyeing of, VIII. 342.
Gold-coloured varnish, XXI. 561.
Gold-leaf, X. 605. See Gilding.
Gold-mines, XV. 252—of America, II.
646 ; XV. 264—Ashantee, III. 669—
Assam, 706—Ava, IV. 241 — Bam-
bouk, 338—Bolivia, 748—Brazil, V.
1.92, 199, 207 ; XII. 587 ; XV. 109 ;
XVII. 160—Bukhara, V. 696—Cele¬
bes, VI. 270—Chili, 529, 534—Europe,
IX. 409—Hindustan, XI. 384—Hun¬
gary, IV. 230—Ireland, XII. 394-
Japan, 512—Jaragua, XVII. 160—
Mexico, XIV. 802 ; XV. 260—Peru,
XVII. 305—Russia, XIX. 578, 587—
Siberia, XX. 327—Sumatra, 804—
Thrace, XV. 242—Tibet, XXI. 256—
Transylvania, V. 9—United States of
America, XXI. 454—Venezuela, 592
—Virginia, 658—What advantage ac¬
crues to a country from colonies pos¬
sessing gold-mines ? VII. 122.
Gold Plates, for enamelling, X. 605.
 (Shell), X. 605.
 Size, X. 605.
 Thread, X. 605.
  Wire, X. 605 ; XXI. 947—gilt
wire, ib.
Goldap, in Prussia, X. 605.
Goldberg, in Prussia, X. 605.
Golden, X. 605—Calf, ib.—Fleece, ib.—
Number,ib.; VI. 9, 12—Rule, X. 605.
Goldfinch, XVI. 581.
Goldoni (Charles), X. 605—his come¬
dies, VIII. 158.
Goldsmith, X. 606.
—  (Oliver), X. 606—his comedies,
VIII. 176—birthplace, XIII. 557-
poetry, XVIII. 172—Vicar of Wake¬
field, XIX. 340.
Golf, Scotch game, X. 608.
Goliathides, insects, IX. 161.
Goliathus, insect, IX. 161.
Golius (James), X. 608—some of the
works of Apollonius brought from
the East by, III. 288.
Goltzius (Henry), engraver and paint¬
er, X. 609.
Gomarists, III. 577 ; XI. 521.
Gombroon, X. 609 ; V. 706.
Gomer, XVII. 474—descendants of,
VI. 275.
Gomersall, in Yorkshire, X. 609.
Gomez (General), XX. 513.
  (Estevan), his voyage of dis¬
covery, XVIII.-216.
Gomor, in Hungary, X. 609.
Gomorrah, X. 609.
GOM—GOR
Gompertz on the value of lifc-contin-
gencies, III. 201.
Gomphocerus, insect, IX. 194.
Gomul, river, II. 212.
Gondar, X. 609 ; II. 231—Bruce’s resi¬
dence in, 57.
Gondi. See Retz (Cardinal de).
Gondola, X. 609.
Gonds, XI. 397.
Gong, XV. 617.
Gongora, poetry of, XVIII. 163.
Gongylus, a species of bud, III. 90.
Gonia, insect, IX. 282.
Gonieh, Turkish town, X. 609.
Goniometry, X. 610—the name under
which Euler’s arithmetic of series is
cultivated in Germany, I. 597.
Gonium, genus of animalcules, III. 188.
Gonong Apee, X. 610 ; IV. 340.
Gonong Telloo, in Celebes, X. 610.
Gonoplax angulata, VII. 501.
Gonorhynchus, fish, XII. 199.
Gonorrhcea, X, 610.
Gontran, X. 4.
Gonzago, Brazilian poet, V. 205.
Gonzalvo, voyage of, IV. 211.
Goochnauth, X. 610.
Good, X. 610 ; XV. 466 ; XX. 464-
chief, or summum bonum, III. 519.
 (John Mason) on origin of name
of Macaronic poetry, VIII. 273, w. 3.
Good’s Island, X. 610.
Good Fortune, island, X. 610.
Good-Friday, X. 610.
Good Hope (Cape of), X. 610; V. 76;
II. 233—ant-hills at, III. 241—dis¬
turbances at, in 1825, V. 562—La
Caillo’s astronomical observations at,
777—discovery of, VII. 159 ; X. 307;
XVIII. 465—emigration to, VIII.
689—taken by the British, X. 104—
variation of the needle at, XIII. 738
—weights and measures of, XXI. 852
—wool imported from, 924.
Good-Hope Island, X. 614.
Goodenieoe, in botany, V. 117.
Goodenovise, in botany, V. 117.
Goodlet’s method of evaporating by
steam, XX. 607.
Goodour, Hindu town, X. 614.
Goodwin lights, XIII. 493.
Googe on agriculture, II. 256.
Goohaut, town in Cabul, X. 614.
Goole, in Yorkshire, X. 614.
Goolgunge, Hindu town, X. 614.
Goolpussra, in Nepaul, X. 614.
Goomsur, Hindu town X. 614.
Goomty, Hindu, river, X. 614.
Goondipooram, X. 614.
Goonee, Hindu river, X. 614.
Goorackpoor, in Hindustan, X. 615.
Goosander, bird, XVI. 639.
Goose, XVI. 636—mode of enlarging its
liver, IX. 724.
Gooseberry, culture of, XI. 651.
Goose-neck, X. 615.
Goose-skin, II. 750.
Goose-wing, X. 615.
Gooty, in Hindustan, X. 615.
Gopher wood, III. 567.
Goppingen, in Wurtemberg, X. 615.
Goragaut, Hindu town, X. 615.
Goram Isle, X. 615.
Gorcah, in Hindustan, X. 615.
Gorcum, city of Holland, X. 615.
Gordian knot, X. 615; XIII. 631.
Gordianus, Roman senator, X. 615.
 , Roman emperor, X. 616—history
of the reign of, XIX. 411.
Gordius, VI. 126—worm, XI. 226.
Gordon (Adam), VI. 606.
 (Alexander), X. 616—on hiero¬
glyphics, XI. 302.
 (Lord Geo.), his riots, V. 412.
 (Professor) of Erfurt, on electri¬
city, VIII. 568.
 (Dr John), his System of Ana¬
tomy, II. 704—on the lymphatics,
729—his controversy with Dr Spurz-
heim, XX. 551.
-t (Thomas), X. 616—his transla¬
tion of Tacitus, XXI. 69.
Gore, in heraldry, X. 616.
TO
INDEX
GOR—GOV
Goree, XII. 682 ; XX. 94.
Gorfou, bird, XVI. 631.
Gokge, X. 616.
Gorged, X. 616.
Gorget, in dress, X. 616,
Gorgias of Leontium, IV. 156.
Gorgons, in mythology, X. 616.
Goring (Dr), his microscopes, XV. 38,
42, 46—on illumination of microsco¬
pic objects, 52—on test-objects, 54.
Gorl«ds (Abraham), X. 617.
Gorleston, town in Suffolk, X. 617.
Gorlitz, Prussian city, X. 617.
Goro, XVII. 4.
Gorz, Austrian city, X. 617.
Gosbertoj?, in Lincolnshire, X. 517.
Goshen, in Egypt, X. 617.
Goslar, city of Hanover, X. 617.
Gospel, X. 617.
Gosport, in Hampshire, X. 617—auro-
I’a borealis seen at, IV. 195.
Gossamer, X. 617.
Gosselin (Mons.), on the Periplus of-
Hanno, II. 219 ; X. 389—on geogra¬
phy, 401.
Goteborg, or Gottenburg, X. 617.
Gotha, in Germany, X. 617 ; XIX. 665
—inland navigation, XVI. 4.
Gothard, Swiss mountain, X. 618.
Gotheborg. See Gottenburg.
Gothelf, river, XXI. 388-9.
Gothic, X. 618—alphabet, II. 549—
Bibles, IV. 616 ; XIX. 790—race in
Europe, IX. 410. See Goths.
 architecture, III. 419, 423, 430,
453, 474—more scientific than Gre¬
cian, 380—arches, 387 ; XIV. 298-
spires, III. 388—rational nature of,
XIX. 441—masonry, XIV. 286.
■ language, XIII. 82; XVII. 417
—languages derived from it, 422.
Gothofred (Denis), X. 618—his edition
of, and commentary on, the Theodo-
sian Code, VI. 715.
Goths, X. 618; V. 295; VI. 274—de¬
feated by Constantine, VII. 271—
their wars with the Romans, 278, et
seq.—their conquest of Rome, X. 478 ;
XIX. 421; of Italy, XII. 464—state
of Italian art under them, XVI. 707
—their origin, XVII. 418—their in¬
vasions of the Roman empire, XIX.
411, et seq.—their kingdom in Spain,
XX. 291. See Gothic.
Gottenburg, in Sweden, X. 617, 621-
canal to Stockholm, IV. 331.
Gottingen, in Hanover, X. 621—lib¬
rary at, XIII. 313.
Gottland, X. 621; IV. 328.
Gottsched, XIX. 681.
Gouan on botany, V. 87—on fishes, XII.
152.
Gouda, in the Netherlands, X. 621.
Gocdhurst, town in Kent, X. 622.
Gougane Barra, lake, VII. 329.
Goulart (Simon), X. 622.
Goulburn (Mr), his act for the suppres¬
sion of the Catholic Association in
Ireland, V. 563.
Gould (John), on ants, III. 239, 242—
on birds, XVI. 552, 644.
Goulianoff on hieroglyphics, XI. 362.
Goura, bird, XVI. 614.
Gourd, its stem. III. 47, 81—evolution,
79—internal structure, 80—root, 88
—ovaria, V. 45, n.—culture, XI. 666.
Gournay (Vincent de), VIII. 398—on
political economy, XVIII. 268.
Gout, Barthez on, IV. 421—anomalous
forms of, XVII. 486.
Govea (Andrew), V. 628, 629.
Government, X. 622—monarchy im¬
proved in modern times, I. 24—Aris¬
totle on, III. 525—governments of
Asia, 694 ; Athens, IV. 164 ; Aus¬
tria, 236; England, IX. 1; France,
X. 212 — Buchanan’s work on, V.
631-2—passive obedience, 632 —always
spends what it is able to extract from
the people, VII. 117—tendency of
colonial possessions to produce or
prolong misrule, 123—evils of an un¬
due expenditure by, 172—its duties
GOV—GRA
GRA
with respect to trade, 399—offences
of the press with respect to, XIII. 276
—Paley on, XVI. 761 — Plato on,
XVIII. 37. See Aristocracy, Demo¬
cracy, Despotism, Economists, Mo¬
narchy.
Governor of steam-engine, XX. 662.
Gower (John), X. 634 ; VI. 338—poetry
of, XVIII. 169.
Gown, X. 634.
Gowrie, carse of, VI. 179 ; XIX. 746.
Gowrie’s conspiracy, in Scotland, VII.
603 ; XIX. 743.
Goyeneche (General), IV. 756.
Gozo, XIV. 62—plague in, XVII. 777.
Graaf (Regnier de), XVII. 728—his ana¬
tomical labours, II. 699.
Grabe (John Ernest), X. 654 — his
Greek Bible, IV. 614.
Gracchus (Caius S.), X. 635 ; XIX.
390—Carthage rebuilt by, VI. 207.
 (Tiberius Sempronius), X. 635;
XI. 478; XIX. 390.
Grace, X. 635—controversy of Male-
branche regarding, I. 74.
 , days of, IX. 454.
Graces, in mythology, X. 636.
Gracias a Dios, in Honduras, XI. 18.
Graciosa, one of the Azores, IV. 263.
Grackle, piping, XVI. 568—bare-necked,
571—bald, 574—paradise, ib.
Graculus, bird, XVI. 568.
Gradients of railways, XIX. 17.
Grading, in architecture, III. 467.
Gravies (John George), X. 637 ; V.
717—on inscriptions, XII. 292.
Grafting, in gardening, X. 637; XI. 635.
Grafton (Richard), XVIII. 553.
Graham (George), X. 638—his optical
instruments, III. 748—his scapement,
VI. 772—his equation-clock, 783—his
horizontal watch-scapement,791—his
discovery of the daily variation of the
needle, XIII. 688 —his pendulum,
.XVII. 213.
 (General), V. 529.
  (James), Marquis of Montrose,
X. 637. See Montrose.
 (John), of Claverhouse, Viscount
Dundee, IV. 672—his military ex¬
ploits in Scotland, V. 351—his advice
to James the Second, 359—his pro¬
ceedings in Scotland in favour of that
king, 361—slain at Killiekrankie,
362; XII. 718.
 (Sir Richard), X. 638.
 — (Dr), on Ossian, XVI. 663.
Graham’s dike, III. 272; XIX. 408.
Grain Coast, XI. 29.
-(apothecaries’),in different coun¬
tries, XXI. 849.
Grainger (James), works by, XXI. 259.
Grallaria, bird, XVI. 573.
Grallatores, birds, XVI. 614.
Grallina, bird, XVI. 572.
Gramina, X. 638.
Graminese, in botany, V. 137.
Graminivorous animals, season of par¬
turition of, III. 169.
Grammar, X. 638—Bacon’s profound
reflections on, I. 34—characters of
abbreviations in, VI. 323 — Horne
Tooke on, XXI. 336.
Grammarian, X. 703.
Grammistes, fish, XII. 168.
Grammont, a buccaneer, V. 625.
Grampian Mountains, X. 703; XIX. 746.
Grampound, disfranchisement of, V. 553.
Grampus, in zoology, XIV. 178.
Granada, in Spain, X. 703, 705—the
Alhambra at, II. 512—Moorish king¬
dom of, XX. 494, 496, 498.
 ,in Nicaragua, X. 705 ; XVI. 201.
 (New). See Venezuela.
 , island. See Grenada.
Granadier, or Grenadier, X. 705.
Granado, or Grenade, X. 705.
Granard, town in Longford, X. 706.
Granary, X. 706—farm, II. 271.
Granate. See Granite.
Grand, X. 707—Distress,ib.—Gusto,ib.
 Canal, in Ireland, XVI. 22.
   Junction Canal, XVI. 14.
Grand Junction Railway, XIX. 23, et seq.
  Surrey Canal, XVI. 14.
 Trunk Canal, V. 289 ; VI. 509 ;
XVI. 20 ; XX. 558.
 Union Canal, XVI. 14.
Grande (Rio), XVI. 783; XIX. 244.
 Terre, XI. 12.
Grandee, X. 707.
Grandeur, X. 707.
Grand! (Abate), on the origin of the
modern copies of the Pandects, VI. 718.
Grandipalpi, insects, IX. 130.
Grange, X. 710.
 (La). See Lagrange.
Grangemouth, XX. 733.
Granger (James), biographer, X. 710.
Grani, X. 711.
Granicus, river in Asia Minor, X. 711
—battle of, XIII. 631.
Granite, X. 711—of Aberdeenshire, II.
29; Egypt, III. 412 ; VIII. 517, 535,
«. 2 ; Brazil, V. 199—specific gravity
of, XII. 30—metals found in, XV. 277.
Granitel, X. 711—sp. gr. of, XII. 30.
Granivorous, X. 711.
Grant, in law, X. 711.
 (Commodore), IV. 247.
 ( Charles), Lord Glenelg,his corn-
bill, V. 572—his resolutions respect¬
ing the corn-trade, VII. 342.
  (Mr), on the Gaelic language,
XVII. 416.
 (Francis), lawyer, X. 711.
Grantham, in Lincolnshire, X. 711.
  Canal, XVI. 14.
Granton pier, IX. 768.
Granulated, X. 711.
Granulation, X. 711; XVII. 128.
Granvelt, XI. 511.
Granville, French seaport, X. 711.
 (George), Lord Lansdowne, X.
711.
Grapes, X. 711—sugar of, VI. 473;
VIII. 44—preservation of, IX. 728—
varieties of, XI. 639—culture of, 657
—of the Ionian Islands, XII. 342.
See Wine-making.
 , in veterinary science, XXI. 637.
Grape-Shot, X. 711; XI. 71.
Graphic ore, specific gravity of, XII. 30.
Graphipterus, insect, IX. 113.
Graphite, in mineralogy, XV. 147.
Graphometer, X. 712.
Grapnel, or Grapling, X. 712; III. 105.
Grass, in botany, X. 712, 638; V. 137.
Grass-lands, II. 307—produce of, in
England, VIII. 766.
Grasse (La), in France, X. 712.
  (Count de), V. 407—defeated by
Rodney, 421—his hospitable treat¬
ment in England, 422, n.
Grasser (Jacob), VII. 711.
Grasshoppers, IX. 79, 194—their coha¬
bitation with ants, III. 242—alleged
showers of, XIX. 60.
Grassias, XL 31, 397.
Grates, for fires, X. 712.
Gratian, Roman emperor, X. 712 ;
VII. 279—reign of, XIX. 418.
 , Benedictine monk, X. 712—his
Decretum, IV. 334 ; VI. 92 ; XXL 488.
Gratings in a ship, X. 712.
Gratitude, X. 712—duty of, XV. 480.
Gratius (Faliscus), Roman poet, X. 712.
Grattan (Henry), X. 712 ; XII. 383—
his opposition to the union of Britain
and Ireland, V. 493—his motions for
Catholic emancipation, 545-6.
Gratz, in Austria, X. 714.
Grauculus, bird, XVI. 568.
Graudenz, Prussian city, X. 714.
Graunt (John), X. 714—on bills of
mortality, XV. 513.
Grave, X. 715.
Gravel (urinary), VI. 501 ; XVII. 479—
Magendie’s theory of, VIII. 24 in
the domestic animals, XXI. 628—cure
of, XX. 841. See Lithotomy.
Gravel-walks, XI. 678.
Graver, X. 715; IX. 47.
Graves (Mr), on logarithms, XIII. 430.
 (Dr), on lead-colic, XVII. 488.
Gravesande (William Jacob), X. 715.
GRA—GRE
Gravesend, town in Kent, X. 715.
Gravesende (Mr), on the pressure of
fluids, XII. 76.
Gravina (John Vincent), X. 715.
 , city of Naples, X. 717.
Graving-dock, VIII. 76.
Gravitation, X. 717 ; XVII. 438, 566
—Newton’s discovery of, I. 554 ; IV.
17 4—the cause of acceleration of fall¬
ing bodies, II. 81—its action in the
planetary system. ?H. 749 ; IV. 49—
Hooke on, XI. 5 ^5—known only as a
fact, XVII. 565. See Dynamics, Gra¬
vity.
Gravity, use of pendulum in measuring
intensity of, XVII. 188,198—its effect
on projectiles, XVIII. 641.
 (centre of), in mechanics, XIV.
349, 350, 372, 442.
   (specific), X. 717 ; XII. 19—
Table of, 26.
 numbered among the virtues by
the Italians, II. 678.
Gray colour, X. 717—dyeing of, VIII.
337—varieties of, XV. 126-7.
 (J. E.), quoted on polypes, XXL
1022, 1023.
—  (Mr), his estimate of the merits
of Rousseau’s Emile, I. 184.
 (Major), his account of Kajaaga,
in Western Africa, XII. 661.
 (Stephen), on electricity, I. 544,
617 ; VIII. 566, 603—on the micro¬
scope, XV. 31, 37.
 (Thomas), X. 717—fond of alli¬
teration, II. 527 — on a stanza of
Beattie’s Minstrel, IV. 478, n.—poetry
of, XVIII. 173.
  (Lady Jane). See Grey.
Gray’s Inn, XII. 282; XIII. 527.
Grayling, fish, XII. 210—angling for,
III. 135, n. 144.
Grazalema, Spanish city, X. 719.
Grease for axles, XIV. 413, 417, 443.
 , a disease of horses, XXL 637.
Great, X. 719 ; VIII. 10.
 Primer type, XXI. 435.
   Western Railway, XIX. 51.
Greaves (John), mathematician, X. 719
—on the denarius, XV. 397.
Grebe, bird, XVI. 629.
Greece, X. 720—history of, XI. 471 
works on the architectural remains
of, III. 430—Greek structures, 434—
Did the Romans get the laws of the
twelve tables from ? VI. 709—com¬
merce of, VII. 156-mines, 159; XV.
242—height of mountains, XVII. 506
—subterranean streams, 526. See the
Chronological Table, VI. 665 ; also
Greeks, Attica, Athens, &c.
 (modern), hives of, III. 284—
revolution in,X. 473—statistical view
of. 752—weights and measures, of,
XXL 853—map of, X. PI. 272. See
Greeks (modern).
Greek architecture, III. 414, 422, 434 ;
. XIX. 440—remains of, III. 258, efseq.
430, 434—much of it borrowed from
the East, 378—its introduction and
progress in Britain, 430—mouldings
and ornaments of, 441—beauty of, IV.
496—baths, 441—theatres, III. 416,
437—temples, 435—Did the Greeks
know the arch ? III. 379 ; V. 289.
— - Church, X. 738—in Russia,
XIX. 580.
 Fire, IX. 586.
 Language, XIII. 64. et seq.,
XVII. 393—its affinities, XIII.i84—
its resemblance to Latin, XVII. 409
—different genius of the two languages,
410—introduction of study of, into
England, IX. 41—partiality of the
Greeks to, XVII. 405—Erasmus and
Sir Thomas Smith on its pronuncia¬
tion, IX. 557; XX. 413—study of, at
Oxford, XXI. 494—ablative case, II.
38—accents, 84—bibles, IV. 614; XIX.
786, 789—editions of the classics, IV.
626—moods and tenses, X. 691—dia¬
lects, XVII. 404—modern Greek, X.
741 ; XVII. 407.
INDEX.
GRE
Greeks (ancient), their acclamations, II.
88—abortion among the, 39—adoption,
160—punishment of adultery, 166—
algebra unknown to, 420—their man¬
ner of writing, 545—alphabet, 546 ;
XVII. 396—knowledge of anatomy,
II. 685, et Mg'. ; XVII. 724—mytho¬
logy, III. 256 ; IV. 168 ; XV. 682 ;
XVIII. 336, 340—cultivated the do¬
mestic affections. III. 261—their de¬
monology, 296 —theatres, 416, 437 ;
VIII. 145—numerals. III. 535; VI.
323 ; XVII. 398 — mode of calcula¬
tion, II. 5 ; III. 537 —armies, 584—
statues, 645, 647; XX. (, 10—as¬
tronomy, III. 727—balance of power
among the, IV. 310—baths, 441—
bells, 545—derived many of their me¬
taphysical speculations from India, V.
180 —their beer, 230 — whether ac¬
quainted with the arch, 269 ; III. 379
—their burials, V. 712—burning of the
dead, 724—-calendar, VI. 3, et seq., 653
—camps, 43—caps, 108—cock-fighting,
VII. 14—colonies, 112*—dancing, 613
—theatrical declamation, 664—dials,
757—divorces, VIII. 71—drama, 144;
XX. 185, 447—skill in drawing, VIII.
180—dyeing, 296—indebted to Egypt
for their arts, 541, n. 2—influence of
local circumstances on their govern¬
ments, IX. 411; X. 722—exposing of
children by, IX. 468—their funeral
rites, X. 258; XII. 329—gardens, X.
319 — geometers, 422 — gymnastics,
XI. 94—racing, 621—hunting, 738—
customs at birth of a child, XII. 271
—inscriptions, 291—laws, XIII. 181
—libraries, 287 —customs when in love,
578 —masonry, XIV. 286 —know¬
ledge of mathematics, 314-15—coins,
463, et seq. s VII. 31; XV. 397, n. 1—
monarchy, 381—mourning, 584—mys¬
teries, 661—oracles, XVI. 515—school
of painting, 693, 696, 728—origin,
XVII. 393—early poets, 404—par¬
tiality to their language, 405—philo¬
sophy, 431; I. 9—writers on physio¬
gnomy, XVII. 575-6—poetry, XVIII.
147—neglect of political economy, 260
—orators, XIX. 215—sacrifices, 604
—sculpture, XX. 4, 10—dresses, 6—
worship of serpents, 139—ships, 121
—shoes, 299—tombs, 324—slavery,
382—religious persecution, 447—re¬
ligion, 452—surgery, 820—measures,
XXI. 846—weights, 848. See Greek.
■  (modern), X. 741—their army,
III. 615—sieges of Athens by, IV. 129
—late war with the Turks, V. 572 ;
VIII. 504 ; X. 743—Lord Byron’s aid
to the, V. 759—means of -elevating
their character, XII. 346—their news¬
papers, XVI. 17 3—language, X. 741;
XVII. 407. See Greece (modern).
Green colour, X. 755 —colouring mat¬
ters, VI. 485—in crayon painting,
VII. 453—dyeing of, VIII. 333, 342
—varieties of, 333 ; XV. 126.
 (Mr), his laminated arches de¬
scribed, XX. 377.
Gbeen-Cloth, Court and Clerks of the,
X. 755.
Gbeen-house, X. 755; XI. 686—plants,
ib.—warming of, by steam, XX. 605.
Green Mountains, Vermont, XXI. 603.
Green-vitriol, XV. 138. See Iron (sul¬
phate of).
Greencastle, VIII. 133.
Greener (Wm), on guns, XX. 304. 308.
Greenheart, timber, XXI. 303.
Gbeenland, X. 755—early Norwegian
settlements in, II. 635—discovered by
the Icelanders, XII. 143—heights of
mountains of, XVII. 505—sea-ice of,
519—colonies in, XVIII. 215.
 (Miss), her method of encaustic
painting, VIII. 698.
Gbeenock, Scotch town, X. 762.
Greensand formation, XV. 208.
Greenshank, bird, XVI. 625.
Gbeknwich, town in Kent, X. 764—
Naval Asylum of, XVI. 65.
£
GRE
Greenwich Observatory, transit instru¬
ment in, IV. 105—mural quadrants,
106—Bradley’s improvements in, V.
172.
   Hospital, X. 764; XVI. 64-
roof of the chapel of, VI. 169—prices
of food used in, from 1800 to 1835,
XXI. 937.
Geegabiods animals, X. 765.
Gregobian Calendar, X. 765; VI. 6,
10, 13.
 reflecting telescope, XVI. 360.
Gregorius, Roman lawyer, VI. 713.
Gregobt the Great, X. 765; XI. 492.
 — of Nazianzen, X. 765.
 (Theodorus), X. 765.
 , bishop of Nyssa, X. 765.
 of Tours, X. 765.
 II. bishop of Rome, XIII. 466,
et seq.
 VII. (Pope), XII. 469.
 IX. (Pope), his Decretalium Com-
pilatio, VI. 92—confirmed the inqui¬
sition, XII. 285.
  XIII. (Pope), his reform of the
Calendar, VI. 6, 10.
 (David), X. 766.
 (Dr David), professor of astro¬
nomy at Oxford, X. 767 ; I. 581.
 (James), mathematician, X. 766;
XIV. 318—his work Optica Promota,
I. 513—on the reflecting telescope, II.
99 — his discovery of ,an algebraic
series, II. 497—his attack on George
Sinclair, IV. 296, tt. — his burning
mirror, V. 735—on navigation, XV.
749—on optics, XVI. 360—on the
quadrature of the circle, XX. 554-5.
 (Dr James), physician, X. 769—
on modes in grammar, 662, et seq.
—on liberty and necessity, XIV. 691.
 (Dr John), X. 767 ; VII. 534 —
on the union between mind and body,
I. 224—Smellie’s Life of, XX. 40 3.
   (Olinthus), his Treatise on Me¬
chanics, XIV. 355.
 of St Vincent, on the quadrature
of the circle, XX. 554.
Gregory’s powder, XIX. 229.
Gbeiffenhagen, in Prussia, X. 771.
Gbeifswaede, Prussian city, X. 771—
university of, XVIII. 700.
Gbeisbach, in Bavaria, X. 771.
Geeiz, a city of Reuss, X. 771.
Grellman on the gypsies, XI. 98.
Grenada, island, X. 771—sugar-ants
of, III. 239, 241; how destroyed, 244
—naval battle between the British and
French at, V. 405.
Grenade, X. 705.
Grenadier, X. 705.
Grenadines, islands, X. 772.
Grenaille, X. 772.
Grenatite, in mineralogy, XV. 159.
Grenfell ou the national debt, X. 250.
Grenie (Monsieur), his improvements on
the organ, XVI. 532.
Grenier (M. de), his system of naval
tactics, XXL 765.
Grenoble, in France, X. 772.
Grenville (W. W., Lord), X. 772—his
administration, V. 388, 520—his alien
bill, 467—his answer to the French
ambassador, ib.; and to Bonaparte’s
letter to George the Third, 490—on
the peace of Amiens, 507, 508.
 Canal, XVI. 27.
Gbesham (Sir Thomas), X. 775.
Gresley Canal, XVI. 14.
Gresset, poetry of, XVIII. 166.
Greuze, painter, XVI. 723.
Greville (Fulke), Lord Brooke, Eng¬
lish poet, X. 776.
 (Dr R. K.), his contributions to
botany, V. 86, n. 2.
Grevius. See Graevius.
Grew (Nehemiah), X. 776—on compa¬
rative anatomy, II. 700—on vegetable
anatomy, III. 42, et seq.—on the sexual
organs of plants, V. 43.
Grey colour, X. 717—dyeing of, VIII.
337—varieties of, XV. 126-7.
  (Lady Jane), X. 776 ; VII.
448 ; VIII. 752, 754.
GRE—GRO
Grey (George), papyrus brought from
Egypt by, II. 541.
 (Earl), a supporter of the balanc¬
ing system, IV. 313—his motions for
parliamentary reform, V. 463, 470,
580—his motion in 1795 about the
French war, 476—his opposition to
the union with Ireland, 493—motion
in 1801 for an inquiry into the state
of the nation, 498—refusal to join the
ministry in 1812, 533—his adminis¬
tration, 581—his resignation and re¬
acceptance of office, 584.
Greyhound, XI. 706.
Gridiron pendulum, XVII. 214.
Grierson (Constantia), X. 777.
Griffith (Mr), on Mr Buddie’s method
of working coal, VII. 83.
Griffiths on fishes, XII. 172-3, 191-2.
Griffon, or Griffin, X. 777.
 , bird, XVI. 558.
Grimaldi Francisco), painter, X. 777.
 (F. M.), on the inflexion and in¬
terference of light, I. 514 ; XVI. 361,
426, 433—on colours, 403.
Grimm (Baron de), his remarks on a
maxim of Fontenelle, I. 23—on liberty
and necessity, 150, 270—an abettor
of atheism, 181—his account of Di¬
derot, VIII. 15.
Grimma, bailiwick in Saxony, X. 777.
Grimsby (Great), in Lincoln, X. 777.
Grimshaw’s rope-machinery, XIX. 466.
Grindelwald, Swiss town, X. 777.
Grinders, teeth, in man, II. 780—in
other animals, III. 34.
Grinding, X. 777.
Grinstead (East), in Sussex, X. 778.
Gripes, X. 778—in horses, XXI. 624.
Grisgris, negro superstition, X. 778.
Grison, in zoology, XIV. 108.
Grisons, Swiss canton, X. 778.
Grist, X. 779.
Gristes, fish, XII. 169.
Gristle. See Cartilage.
Grit, or Gritstone, X. 779.
Griwhee, XI. 30.
Groat and Groats, X. 779.
Grocers, X. 779.
Grodno, Russian province, X. 779.
Greenland. See Greenland.
Grogginess, or contraction of the foot,
in horses, XXI. 619.
Grogram, X. 779.
Groin, X. 779.
Groining, in architecture, III. 467.
Groll, in the Netherlands, X. 779.
Gronebach, in Bavaria, X. 779.
Groningen, X. 779.
Gronovius (John Fred.), X. 779.
 (James), X. 780.
Groom, X. 780; XI. 603.
Groote Eylandt, X. 780.
Groove, X. 780.
Grose (Francis), X. 780.
Gross, X. 781—weight, ib.; III. 555.
Grossart on the modes of dissolving
caoutchouc, VI. 107.
Grossasperu, Austrian town, X. 781.
Gross-beak, Philippine, XVI. 580 —so¬
ciable, ib.—evening, 581—pine, 582.
Grosschanah, Saxon town, X. 781.
Grossenhain, in Saxony, X. 781.
Grossulare, in mineralogy, XV. 159.
Grossulariese, in botany, V. 113.
Grosswardein, in Hungary, X. 781.
Grotesque, in sculpture, &c., X. 781.
Grotius (Hugo), XI. 1, 521; V. 631-2
—his work De Jure Belli et Pacis, I.
38, 84, 85, 89, 315—period when his
writings began to be generally studied,
46—his opinion of Raimond de Se-
bonde’s principles, 52 — Samuel de
Cocceii’s commentary on it, 92—his
history of the Netherlands, 417—on
the ethical principles of Carneades,
316—on baptism, IV. 352.
 (William), XI. 7.
Grotthus on electro-chemical decompo¬
sition, XXI. 678.
Grotto, or Grotta, XI. 8.
 DEL Cani, XI. 8 ; XVII. 532,
 del Serpi, in Italy, XI. 8.
71
GRO—GUE
Grotto (Milky), at Bethlehem, XI. 3.
Ground, in painting, &c., XI. 8.
Ground-angling, XI. 8.
Group, in painting, &c., XI. 8.
Groups (The), islands, XI. 8.
Grouse, pin-tailed, XVI. 611—red, ib.—
sand, ib.—wood, ib-—heteroclyte, 612.
Grouse-shooting, XX. 315.
Grouthead, or Greathead (Robert),
bishop of Lincoln, XI. 8.
Grove, in gardening, XI. 8.
 (Henry), XI. 9.
Growth of animals, XI. 9 ; XVII. 582
—of plants, XL 9; XXL 576.
Grub, a worm, XI. 10.
Grubber, II. 267, 349.
Grubenhagen, XI. 10.
Grubenhamm, wooden bridge construct¬
ed by, VI. 292.
Grueber’s travels in China, III. 698.
Grunberg, XI. 10.
Gruppo, in music, XI. 10.
Gros, XI. 10—bh-d, XVI. 617.
Grusia, X. 469.
Gruter, or Gruytere (Jan), XL 10—
on inscriptions, XII. 292.
Gry, a measure, XI. 11.
Gryllotalpa, insects, IX. 192.
Gryllus, insect, IX. 191; II. 229.
Gryphaea, in conchology, XV. 344.
Gua (Du), on equations, IX. 325.
Guachos of Buenos Ayres, V. 657.
Guadalaxara, in Spain, XI. 11.
 , in Mexico, XL 11 ; XIV. 814.
Guadalcanal, in Spain, XI. 11.
Guadalcanar, IV. 213.
Guadaloupe, island, XL 12.
Guadalquiver, Spanish river, XI. 12
XX. 516.
Guadalupe, mountains, XI. 12.
Guadarrama, Spanish mountains, XL
12 ; XX. 515—river, XI. 12.
Guadenthal, X. 613.
Guadiana, river, XX. 516; XXL 322.
 , or Durango, a city in Mexico
VIII. 288.
Guadin, Spanish city, XI. 12.
Guages of steam-boilers, XX. 679.
Guaging, XIV. 577.
Gualior, Hindu fortress, XI. 12.
Guam, island, XI. 12.
Guamanga, town in Peru, XI. 13.
Guan, bird, XVI. 605.
Guanaco, IV. 747 ; VI. 525.
Guanas, reptiles, XIX. 144.
Guanaxuato, XL 13 ; XIV. 814.
Guanca Velica, in Peru, XI. 13.
Guanches, VI. 73.
Guapore, river, XIV. 326.
Guaranin, VI. 469.
Guaranis, II. 630 ; XVII. 57, 62.
Guarantee and Guaranty, XL 13.
Guard, XI. 13—advanced guard, &c.,
ib., 14—yeomen of the, 14.
Guard-boat, XL 14.
Guard-ship, XI. 14.
Guarda, Portuguese city, XI. 15.
Guardia, Spanish town, XI. 15.
Guardia-Alferez, Italian town,XI. 15.
Guardian, XI. 15—of the Cinque Ports,
ib.—of the Spiritualities, ib.
Guardianship in Arabia, III. 334.
Guarini (Giovanni Battista), XI. 15.
Guarnix, Spanish town, XI. 15.
Gdastalla, in Italy, XI. 15.
Guatimala, XI. 16 ; II. 644—revolu¬
tion in, 639—map of, XIV. PI. 356.
Guatimozin, king of Mexico, XIV. 777.
Guava, XI. 659.
Guaviare, river, XVI. 537.
Guayaquil, XI. 20—trade of, XVIII.
798—river, VII. 90.
Guaycurues of Brazil, XIV. 325.
Guaymas, Mexican port, XIV. 818.
Guayra, in La Plata, XL 20.
Gubbio, Italian town, XI. 20.
Guben, Prussian city, XI. 20.
Gubi, Hindu town, XL 21.
Gudarah, in Hindustan, XI. 21.
Gudgeon, fish, XII. 198—angling for,
III. 147.
 of a wheel, XIV. 406.
Guebres, X. 281.
72
INDEX
GUE—GUM
Guelders, X. 377.
Guelph, Canadian town, VI. 57.
Guelphs and Ghibelines, Italian factions,
X. 515 ; XII. 470.
Guenon, in zoology, XIV. 92.
Gdekande, French city, XI. 21.
Guercino, painter, IV. 367 ; XVI. 720.
Gtjeeicke (Otto), XI. 21 — on electri¬
city, VIII. 565—his invention of the
air-pump, I. 480 ; IV. 387 ; XVIII.
79—his experiments on 1’aising water
by atmospheric pressure, XX. 622.
Guernsey, island, XI. 21.
Guerrero, XIV. 793.
Guetaria, Spanish town, XI. 21.
Guettard on the glands of plants, III. 71.
Guevei, in zoology, XIV. 162.
Gugah, Hindu town, XI. 22.
Guglielmini on the principles of hydrau¬
lics, XII. 3 ; XIX. 255.
Guharan, XVI. 517.
Guiacum, action of light on, XVI. 421.
Guiana, XI. 22—ant-hills in,III. 241-
serpents of, XX. 137—weights and
measures of, XXI. 853—timber of Bri¬
tish Guiana, 303.
Guibert (J. A. H., Count de), XI. 24.
Guicciardini (Francisco), XI. 25.
 (Louis), XI. 26.
Guiccioli (Countess), V. 758.
Guides in war, XI. 27.
Guidi (Alex.), poet, XI. 27.
Guido Reni, XI. 27—his style of paint¬
ing, III. 647; XVI. 720.
 di Sienna, painter, XVI. 708.
 Aretin. See Aretin.
Guidon and Guidons, XI. 27.
Guidotti, XXI. 252.
Guigliano, Italian city, XI. 27.
Guignan, island, XI. 27.
Guignes (Joseph De), XI. 27—on hiero¬
glyphics, 302.
Guild, XI. 28.
Guildford, town in Surrey, XI. 28.
Guildhall, London, XI. 28; XIII. 535
Guildry courts, in Scotland, XIV. 590
VIII. 418.
Guillemot, bird, XVI. 630.
Guillio (Dr), on the blind, IV. 699.
Guillim (John), XI. 28.
Guillotine, XI. 28; IV. 539; XIV. 513.
Guiloche, in architecture, III. 467.
Guimaraens, XI. 29.
Guimaras, island, XI. 29.
Guinea, XI. 29—ants in, III. 241—slave-
trade of, XX. 383.
  (Gulf of), II. 234—current in,
XVII. 517.
 , gold coin, XI. 30.
Guinea-fowl, XVI. 608.
Guinea-pepper, VI. 128.
Guinea-pig, XIV. 140.
Guinea-worm, XXI. 991.
Guipuzcoa, in Spain, XI. 30.
Guisborough. See Gisborough.
Guischard (Robert), VII. 285.
Guischardt on military affairs, III. 583,
et seq.
Guise (Henry), of Lorrain, XI. 30.
Guislain on insanity, XIV. 584-5.
Guitar, XI, 30.
Guit-guit, bird, XVI. 589.
Gujerat,in Hindustan, XI. 30; VII. 406.
Gujundergur, XI. 33.
Guldenstaedt (J. A.), XI. 33.
Guldinus on centre of gravity, XIV. 380.
Gule of August, XI. 33.
Gules, in heraldry, XI. 33 ; XL 244.
Gulf, or Gulph, XI. 33 ; X. 407.
Gulf-stream, XVII. 516, 521.
Guloundah, Hindu town, XI. 34.
Gull, XVI. 632.
Gullet, II. 814. See GUsophagus.
Gulo, in zoology, XIV. 108.
Gum, XL 34; XVII. 663—in chemistry,
VI. 477—gum-proper, ib.—bassorin,
478—gum-kuteera, ib. — cherry-tree
gum, ib.—vegetable mucus, ib.—calen-
dulin, ib.—gum-anime, VII. 707—nu¬
tritive qualities of, VIII. 20—imports
of, into the United Kingdom, 783—
specific gravities of various kinds of,
XII. 30.
GUM—GUY
Gum-resins, VI. 490—fetid, ib.—drastic,
491—aromatic, 491.
Gums, in anatomy, XI. 34.
Gumbinnen, in Prussia, XI. 34.
Gummipollam, XI. 34.
Gun, XL 34—different kinds of, 67—
casting of cannon, VI. 84—rifle, XX.
302—fowling-piece, 304. See Artil¬
lery, Cannon, Gunnery, Shooting.
Gun-battery, IV. 435.
Gun-making, XI. 35—casting of can¬
non, VI. 84—tenacity of mixtures of
metals, XX. 757.
Gun-signals, XX. 336.
Gun-Smithert, XI. 86.
Gundara, Hindu town, XI. 34.
Gundezama, river, XI. 34.
Gundgole, Hindu town, XI. 35.
Gunduck, Hindu town, XI. 34.
Gundwana, in Hindustan, XI. 35—in¬
habitants of, IV. 730.
Gunellus, flsh, XII. 192.
Gungapatam, XI. 35.
Gunhilda, VIII. 706.
Gunnel, XI. 87—fish, XII. 193.
Gunner, naval, XVI. 52.
Gunnery, XI. 42—gunner’s level, XIII.
257—resistance of the air to projec¬
tiles, XVIII. 115. See Projectiles.
Gunpowder, XI. 76—whether invented
by Roger Bacon, III. 541, n. 1; VI.
343—effects of its invention on the
art of war, III. 596, 632; VI. 614-
blasting with, IV. 675—explosive force
of, ib.; XI. 43—magazine of, at Pur-
fleet, VI. 26—how to inflame it by
electricity, VIII. 626—specific gravity
of, XII. 30—Count Rumford’s expe¬
riments on, XXI. 247.
Gunpowder-plot, V. 304, 305.
Gunpowder-tea, XXI. 132.
Gunsburg, in Bavaria, XI. 86.
Gunter (Edmund), mathematician, XI.
86—on logarithms, XIII.419—on navi¬
gation, XV. 748.
Gunter’s Line, XL 86—Quadrant, 87
—Scale, ib.; XIII. 419.
Guntoor, in Hindustan, XI. 87.
Gunwale, or Gunnel, XL 87.
Gunzenhausen, in Bavaria, XI. 88.
Gurdaiz, African town, XI. 87.
Gurions, coast of the, IV. 661.
Gurnards, fish, XII. 173.
Gurney’s lighthouse lamp, XX. 28.
Gurrah, Hindu town, XI. 87.
Gurrumcondah, XI. 87.
Gurudwarah, XI. 87.
Gurwal, in Hindustan, XI. 87.
Gustavus I., king of Sweden, XI. 88.
 Vasa, of Sweden, XXI. 13, 16.
  Adolphus, XI. 88—his army,
III. 597—his reign, XXI. Id—killed
at Lutzen, 19.
 III., king of Sweden, XXI. 26;
V. 451.
—• IV., of Sweden, XXI. 28.
Gustrow, in Austria, XI. 88.
Gutenberg (John), inventor of printing,
IV. 622; XVIII. 542—works printed
by, 545.
Gutpurba, Hindu river, XI. 88.
Gutta, XI. 88.
 Serena, XI. 88:—in the domes¬
tic animals, XXL 636.
 ,in architecture, XI. 88 ; III. 467.
Guttenberg. See Gutenberg.
Gutters, in building, VI. 693.
Guttiferae, in botany, V. 101.
Guttones, VI. 274.
Gutts, in heraldry, XI. 252.
Guttural, XI. 88.
Gutty, in heraldry, XI. 88.
Guy, XI. 89.
 (Thomas), XI. 88,
 de Chauliac, XX. 828.
Guy’s Clipf, in Warwickshire, XI. 80.
Guy’s Hospital, XIII. 514 ; XI. 89.
Guyon (Madame), XI. 88 ; I. 335-6 ; V.
25 ; IX. 505 ; XVIII. 792.
Guyton-Morveau (Baron L. B.), XI.
89—his attempt to ground the theory
of electric attraction on capillary ac¬
tion, I. 615—on the force of adhesion.
GUZ—HAD
II. 151—his abrial voyages, 188, 192—
on capillary attraction, XII. 45.
Guzelhisar, XI. 93.
Guzerat, XI., in Hindustan, 30—culture
of cotton in, VII. 406.
Guzman (Dominic de), sent against the
Albigenses, XII. 284.
Guznogur, in Africa, XI. 93.
Gwarriahs, XI. 397.
Gwilt on Salisbury cathedral. III. 422
—on the absurdities of Vitruvius, 425
—on orders of architecture, 437.
Gwylim (David ap), VI. 138.
Gybing, XI. 93.
Gye’s letter-balance, XXL 839.
Gyges, a Lydian, XI. 93; XIII. 607.
Gyllenburg (Count), V. 376.
Gymnarchus, fish, XII. 226.
Gymnasiarch, XI. 93.
Gymnasium, XI. 93.
Gymnastics, XI. 94.
Gymnetis, insect, IX. 161.
Gymnetrus, fish, XII. 189.
Gymnocephalus, bird, XVI. 569.
Gymnodactylus, reptile, XIX. 148.
Gymnodera, birds, XVI. 571.
Gymnodontes, fishes, XII. 228.
Gymnopa, insect, IX. 291.
Gymnopleurus, insect, IX. 153.
Gymnops, bird, XVI. 574.
Gymnorhynchus, zoophyte, XXI. 996.
Gymnosoma, insect, IX. 281.
Gymnosophists, XI. 96 ; V. 176.
Gymnospermse, in botany, V. 131.
Gymnotus electricus, XII. 162, 225 ;
VIII. 572, 612—its electrical organs,
XVII. 718.
Gynasceum, XI. 97—in botany, V. 44.
GYNiECOCRACY, XI. 97.
Gyn^cocratumeni, XI. 97.
Gynandrous stamens and petals, V. 42
Gyongios, Hungarian town, XL 97.
Gypaetos, bird, XVI. 560.
Gypsies, XI. 97—the Bazeegurs of In¬
dia analogous to, IV. 470—in Greece,
X. 738—at Yetholm, XXI. 960—their
language, XIII. 81.
Gypsum, XV. 139—its use as a manure,
II. 305—mortar of lime and, VI. 289
—specific gravity of, XII. 30—casting
with, VI. 230 ; XV. 311; XVII. 796.
Gyrinus, insect, IX. 135.
Gyrogona, in conchology, XV. 345.
Gyron, in heraldry, XI. 251.
Gyronny, in heraldry, XI. 251.
H
H, letter of alphabet, XI. 99 ; II. 547.
Haarlem, or Haer'lem, XI. 99—besieged
and taken by the Spaniards, II. 579 ;
XL 516—early printing at, IV. 622;
XVIII. 549.
Haase on the lymphatics, II. 703.
Habakkuk, Jewish prophet, XI. 99-
style of, XVIII. 147.
Habdala, Jewish ceremony, XI. 99.
Habeas Corpus, XI. 99.
Habeas Corpus Act, XI. 100—passing
of the, V. 348—its suspension in 1794,
474 ; and in Ireland, 545.
Habelschwert, Prussian city, XI. 100.
Haberdasher, XI. 100.
Habergion, XI. 100.
Habit, XI. 101—its influence ort the
mind, VII. 558; and in the animal
economy, 561—Malebranche on for¬
mation of habits, I. 77. See Custom.
Habsal, in Russia, XI. 101.
1 Habsburgh, XI. 101; IV. 219.
Habur, island, XI. 101.
Hacket (John), bishop, XI. 101.
Hackles, in angling, III. 136.
Hackney, in Middlesex, XI. 101.
 Coaches, XI. 101; VII. 6.
 horse, XI. 588.
Haco, king of’Norway, XIX. 708.
Haddington, XI. 101.
Haddingtonshire, XI. 102—agricul¬
ture of, II. 261—fisheries, IX. 601.
HAD—HAL
Haddock, XII. 208.
 (Sir Richard), XX. 225.
Haddon Hall, VII. 737.
Hadbln, in Hanover, XI. 105.
Hadersleben, Danish city, XI. 105.
Hades, XI. 105.
Hadida, Syrian town, XI. 105.
Hadie, Arabian town, XI. 105.
HADLEiGH,town in Suffolk, XL 105.
Hadley (George), on the trade-winds,
XIV. 746.
Hadley’s reflecting telescope, I. 632 ;
II- 99—his quadrant, I. 632 ; XV.
774.
Hadramaut, in Arabia, III. 326.
Hadrian, Roman emperor, II. 162—
Alexandria repaired by, 410—his wall
in Britain, 163; III. 272; V. 300 ;
XIX. 695—villa of, III. 444—mauso¬
leum of, 447—Athens improved by,
IV. 119—his residence in Egypt, VIII.
476—Jerusalem rebuilt by, XII. 576
—reign of, XIX. 407.
Hsemadoracese, in botany, V. 133.
Haematite, a mineral, XV. 162—used
for smelting, VI. 88.
Hsematopota, insects, IX. 265.
Haematopus, bird, XVI. 617.
Hsematuris in animals, XXI. 628.
Hsemocharis, worm, XI. 226.
Haemopis, worm, XI. 226.
Haemorrhage, XI. 105 ; XVII. 127—
surgical treatment of, XX. 832.
HjEmorrhoidal, XI. 105.
Hemorrhoids, XL 105.
Hoemulon, fish, XII. 176.
Haemus, mountains, XI. 105.
Haen (Monsieur de), on magic and mi¬
racles, XIV. 9.
Haerlem. See Haarlem.
H^eretico Comburendo, XI. 105.
Haerlebeke, XI. 105.
Hafar, Asiatic canal, XI. 105.
Hafiz, Persian poet, XVII. 253—his
monument at Shiraz, XX. 298.
Hagarens, XI. 106.
Hagen, Prussian town, XI. 106,
Hagerstown, in Maryland, XIV. 273.
Haggai, prophet, XI. 106.
Hagiographa, XL 106.
Hague, XI. 106—political riots there in
the year 1784, V. 446.
Haguenau, French city, XI. 106.
Hail, XI. 106; XVII. 537—attempts
to prevent the formation of, by erect¬
ing thunder-rods, I. 621—electrical
origin of, VIII. 621.
Hailes (Lord). See Dalrymple (Sir D.)
Hailsham, in Sussex, XI. 106.
Hainan, island, XI. 106.
Hainault-seythe, II. 270, 350.
Hainburo, Austrian city, XI. 106.
Hair, XI. 107 ; XVII. 607—structure
of human, II. 751—best kinds of, for
fishing-lines, III. 137—of animals,
XIV. 85, 139, 164.
 , or down, of plants, XL 108 ;
III. 69—of leaves. III. 95.
Hair-ball, in animals, XXI. 626.
Hair-rope water-machine, XII. 99.
Hair-worm, or Hair-eel, XI. 226.
Hajygunge, Hindu town, XI. 108.
Hajykan, in Asia, XI. 108.
Hajypoor, in Hindustan, XI. 108.
Hake, fish, XL 109 ; XII. 218.
Hakewill (Dr George), on the decline of
intellectual power in modern times, I.
240.
Hakluyt (Richard), XI. 109—his Col¬
lection of Voyages, IV. 623, n. 2.
Hal, or Halle, XI. 109.
Haladroma, bird, XVI. 632.
Halbebstadt, Prussian city, XI. 109.
Halbert, or Halbard, XI. 109.
Halcyon, XI. 109—days, ib.
Haldat (Mens.), of Nancy, on magnet¬
ism, XIII. 697, 707, 714.
Halde (John Baptist du), XL 109.
Haldubarry, Hindu town, XI. 109.
Hale (Sir Matthew), XI. 109—on the
foundation of the authority of laws,
VI. 93—on mercy to animals, XI.
597—on law-reform, XIII. 188, 191.
INDEX
73
HAL
Hales (Stephen), XI. IXO—on the sap
of plants, XXI. 571.
 of Eaton, Lord Hailes’s edition
of his works, VII. 603.
Halesowen, in Salop, XI. 112.
Halesworth, in Suffolk, XI. 112.
Haley (Mr), on the wear of scapements,
VI. 795.
Half-pay, in the navy, XVI. 62.
Half-wat Island, XI. 112.
Halfpenny, copper coin, XI. 112.
Halhed (Mr), on Hindu notions con¬
cerning the universe, XVII. 428.
Haliaatus, bird, XVI. 562.
Halicore, in zoology, XIV. HO.
Hali-beigh, XI. 112; VIII. 557.
Halicarnassus, XI. 112.
Halictus, insect, IX. 232.
Halicz, Austrian town, XI. 113.
Halieutics, XI. 113.
Halifax, in Yorkshire, XI. 113—wool¬
len manufacture of, XXI. 927.
  , a town in Nova Scotia, XI. 113;
XVI. 285.
 (Marquis of). See Savile.
Haliotidae, mollusca, XV. 364.
Haliotis, molluscum, XV. 364.
Halithea, worm, XI. 221.
Halitus, XVII. 599, 633.
Hall, cities so named, XI. 113, 114.
 , in architecture, &c., XI. 114.
— — (Capt. Basil), his barometrical
observations, IV. 394—on the falls
of Niagara, VI. 59—on the Rideau
Canal, 64, n. 5—on preserved food,
IX. 732.
   (C. M.), his achromatic tele¬
scope, XVI. 362.
 (Sir James), on scratches on the
surface of rocks, VII. 703.
 (James), voyages of, XVIII. 218.
 *- (John), account of his patent
ropes,'XIX. 467.
 (Joseph), bishop, XI. 114.
 (Dr Marshall), on the nervous
system, XIV. 582, et seq.—on blood¬
letting as a source of diagnosis, XVII.
496 — his differential thermometer,
XXL 239.
 (Robert)vXI. 114—his opinion
of Bentham, XIII. 167.
HALLAGE.fee or toll, XL 118.
Hallam (Henry), on the study of the
canon and civil laws, VI. 708—on the
feudal system, IX. 523.
Hallamas, XI. 118.
Halle, Prussian city, XI. 118—univer¬
sity of, XVIII. 700.
 (John), II. 697.
Hallein, Austrian city, XI. 118.
Hallelujah, XI. 118 ; II. 523.
Haller (Albert Van), XI. 11.8—his
anatomical labours, II. 702, 703—on
fat, 716—on the arteries, 717, et seq.,
723—on the veins, 722—on exhala¬
tion, 727—on the lymphatics, 729—on
the weight of the brain, 807—on the
botany of Switzerland, V. 81—his
botanical classification, ib.—on irrita¬
bility, XII. 457—on the elementary
material of the human body, XVII.
596—on physiology, 729—on surgery,
XX. 831.
Halley (Dr Edmund), XI. 119—phy¬
sics greatly indebted to, I. 542—his
voyages, 542, 543, 626 ; VII. 296—
on the winds peculiar to the tropics,
I. 543—his life, works, and charac¬
ter, 581—on magnetism, 625 ; XIII.
687, 730—on probabilities of life, III.
198—his edition of Apollonius, 288;
VII. 219—his astronomical labours,
I. 542; III. 744—his Comet, IV. 38,
59 ; I. 667—constellations added by,
IV. 42—on aurora borealis, 195, 198
—on the barometer, IV. 395—on ba¬
rometrical measurements, 397 ; I.
613—his improvement of the diving-
bell, VIII. 65—on evaporation, IX.
425, 427 ; I. 543—on projectiles, XI.
43—on magnetism, XIII. 687, 730—
on trade-winds, XIV. 746; I. 543—
—on mortality, XV. 514, 544—on na-
HAL—HAM
vigation, 749, 750—Dr Simson’s high
opinion of, XX, 357—on the origin of
springs, 549 ; I. 543.
Halliar, in Hindustan, XL 120.
Hallomenus, insect, IX. 166.
Hallooing, in hunting, XI. 755.
Hallo well, in Maine, XIV. 44.
Hally Abbas, Arabian surgeon, XX. 826.
Halmote, or Halimote, XI. 120.
Halmstad, Swedish province, XL 120.
Halo, XI. 120; VII. 371 ; XIV. 749;
XVI. 509 ; XVII. 542—colours of
halos, VI. 634.
Haloide, in mineralogy, XV. 139.
Halorageae, in botany, V. 110.
Halstead, town in Essex, XL 120.
Halteristze, XI. 120.
Halymote, XI. 121.
Halyotis, in conchology, XV. 348.
Halys, river, XI. 121.
Halywercfolk, XI. 121.
Ham, XL 121.
 , son of Noah, XI. 121—descen¬
dants of, XVII. 355.
HAMADAN.in Persia, XI. 121; VIII. 395.
Hamadryades, XI. 121.
Hamah, Syrian town, XI. 121.
Hamamelideoe, in botany, V. 114.
Hamaxobii, XI. 122.
Hambledon, town in Hants, XL 122.
Hamburg, XI. 122—commerce of, VII.
158—corn-trade, 363—disputes with
Denmark, 722—rate of interest, XII.
327—coins, XV. 407,409—mortality,
536—Bank of, XVII. 45—weights and
measures, XXI. 853.
 Company, VII. 181.
Hamel (John Baptiste du), XL 122—
his anatomical researches, II. 701.
 (H. L. de V. le M. du), VIII.
255—on vegetable anatomy. III. 42,
et seq.—his botanical labours, V. 86—
his artificial magnets, XIII. 755—his
experiments on the strength of mate¬
rials, XX. 764,772—on vegetable phy¬
siology and timber, XXI. 293, etseq. ;
569, et seq.
  (Hr), account of his ascent of
Mont Blanc, II. 562.
Hameln, city of Hanover, XI. 123.
Hamesecken, or Hamesucken, XI. 123.
Kami, in Asia, XI. 123.
Hamilcar Barcas, XI. 123; II. 656 ;
VI. 184, 19 3, et seq.
 , son of Cisco, VI. 187.
Hamilton, a town in Lanarkshire, XI.
123; XIII. 50.
 (Anthony Count), XI. 124.
 (Lord Archibald), his measures
for obtaining parliamentary reform,
V. 553, 556, 558.
  (the Honourable Charles), his
water-clock, XII. 109.
  (Gavin), V. 742.
 (Geo.), earl of Orkney, XI. 124.
   (John), bishop, XL 124.
 (Dr Robert), XI. 124—on the
National Debt, X. 244, et seq.—on
capillary attraction, XII. 39— on the
lever, XIV. 361.
 (Sir Wm.), his account of iEtna,
II. 200—on optics, XVI. 374, 484.
 (Wm.), on Egyptian architecture
and antiquities, III. 409 ; VIII. 531,
et seq., 556.
 (Marquis of), in Charles the Se¬
cond’s reign, V. 316.
Hamites, in conchology, XV. 345.
Hamlet, XL 127.
Hammels, II. 272.
Hammer, XI. 127.
Hammerfest, in Lapland, XIII. 112.
Hammering, XI. 127.
Hammersmith, XI. 127.
Hammock, XL 127.
Hammond (Anthony), poet, XI. 127.
 (Dr Henry), XI. 127.
 (James), poet, XL 127.
 (Mr), on codification, XIII. 192.
Hammond’s Islands, XI. 128.
Hampden (John), XI. 128 ; V. 315.
Hampshire, XI. 128—breed of pigs, II.
338—fisheries, IX. 603.
HAM—HAR
Hampstead, in Middlesex, XI. 130.
Hampton, English village, XI. 130.
Hamster, XIV. 134—its hybernation,
III. 167—its structure, XVII. 705.
Hanaper, XI. 130.
Hanau, in Hesse-Cassel, XL 130, 287
—battle of, X. 165.
Hances, in architecture, XI. 130.
Hancock, in Maryland, XIV. 273.
Hand, XI. 130; XIV. 86; XVII. 700
—bones of the, II. 788—muscles, 793
—motions, 795—structure and uses,
XVII. 617.
Hands, XI. 131—imposition of, 130.
Handel (George Frederick), XI. 131.
Handkerchiefs, folding of, VI. 21.
Hand-loom weavers, X. 558.
Hand-mule jenny, XX. 541.
Handson (R.), on navigation, XV. 748.
Handspike, XI. 133.
Hang, in ship-building, XX. 288.
Hangtcheotou, Chinese city, XL 133.
Hangcliff, in Zetland, XL 133.
Hanging, death from, XIV. 498—pun¬
ishment of, 513.
Hangwelle, in Ceylon, XI. 133.
Hanley, in Staffordshire, XI. 133.
Hannibal, XL 133, 476—his army, III.
589—invasion of Sicily, VI. 184—war
with the Romans, 196 ; XIX. 386—
character, VI. 199—Prusias assisted
by, XVII. 229—Sagunturn captured
by, XX. 490—Whitaker on his pas¬
sage over the Alps, XXI. 872.
Hanno, navigator, XI. 135—Periplus or
voyage of, II. 219 ; X. 389; XX. 211
—translation of his Periplus by Cam-
pomanes, VI. 52.
 ,general,XL 135; VI. 189,etseq.
Hanover, XL 135—army of, III. 610
—conquered by the French, V. 385—
invaded by the French, 517—coins of,
XV. 407, 409, 410—heights of moun¬
tains, XVII. 505—weights and mea¬
sures, XXI. 853—city, XI. 139.
 (New), island, XI. 140.
Hanse, or Hans, XI. 140.
Hanse-towns, XI. 140 — their com¬
merce, VII. 158—their disputes with
Denmark, 721—French trade with,
X. 191.
Hansoot, Hindu town, XL 141.
Hansteen (Prof.), on aurora borealis,
IV. 201—on magnetism, XIII. 691,
699, 723, 731, 738,740,743,748,751.
Hansy, Hindu town, XI. 141.
Hantchao, island, XI. 141.
Hantchong, Chinese city, XI. 141.
Hanway (Jonas), XI. 141.
Hanyang, Chinese city, XI. 141.
Haouran, XVI. 746 ; XXI. 61.
Hapacho wood, XVII. 6;).
Happiness, XI. 142 ; XV. 466—Aris¬
totle on, III. 520—effects of custom
on, VII. 558—is the end of educa¬
tion, VIII. 439—wherein it consists
not yet determined, ib.—motives to
virtue from, XV. 484—arrangements
of the universe conducive to, XVII.
561, 588—Socrates on, XX. 462. See
Pleasure.
Hapsburg, XI. 101—dynasty, IV. 219.
Hapue, islets, XI. 144.
Haque, a hand-gun, XI. 144.
Haran, in Mesopotamia, XI. 144.
Harangue, XI. 145.
Harbinger, king’s officer, XI. 145.
Harbinger’s Reefs, XI. 145.
Harboroitgh (Market), XI. 145.
Harbours, XI. 145—dredging of, VIII.
193—English, 763. See Docks, Baltic,
Black Sea, &c.
Harbs, Arabian tribe, III. 330.
Harburg, in Hanover, XI. 145.
Harclay (Sir Andrew), VI. 613.
Harcourt, in France, XI. 145.
Harder, gland of, III. 24.
Harderwyk, XI. 145.
Hardheim, town in Maine, XI. 145.
Hardicanute, reign of, VIII. 707.
Hardie (Thomas), V. 474, 475.
Harding (Mons.), his discovery of the
planet Juno, IV. 30.
HAR
Hardness, XL 145 — perception of,
XIV. 609—in mineralogy, XV. 125.
Hardouin (John), Jesuit, XI. 145.
Hardware-manufacture of Birmingham,
IV. 649 ; England, VIII. 775 ; France,
X. 182 ; Spain, XX. 519; Stafford¬
shire, XX. 558. See Cutlery, Iron-
manufacture, Japanning, &c.
Hardwick Hall, VII. 737.
Hardy (Sir Charles), V. 409.
Hardy’s instrument for measuring small
intervals of time, VI. 783—instru¬
ment for trying the stability of sup¬
ports of pendulums, 786—compensa¬
tion-balance, 799—inverted pendu¬
lum, XVII. 218.
Hare (Dr Francis), bishop, XI. 146.
 (Dr Robert), his electrical ma¬
chine, VIII. 578, 642—his single-leaf
electrometer, 656—his improved bat¬
tery, or galvanic deflagrator, XXI.
667—his calorimotor, 672—his gal¬
vanic experiments, 677.
 , XIV. 139—its sti-ucture, XVII.
705—hare-skins, X. 265, 267—hare¬
hunting, XL 749 ; XX. 313.
Harelip, treatment of, XX. 845.
Haredwara, XI. 760.
Harem of Turkish sultan, XXL 421.
Harewood, in Yorkshire, XI. 146.
Harfang, bird, XVI. 566.
Harfleur, in France, XI. 147.
Hargreaves (James), X. 554—his card-
ing-machine and spinning-jenny, VII.
399 ; XX. 537.
Harihara, Hindu town, XI. 147.
Hariorpoor, Hindu town, XL 147.
Hariot, or Heriot, in law, XI. 147.
 (Thomas). See Harriot.
Harland (Sir Robert), V. 406.
Harlech, Welsh town, XL 147.
Harleian MSS., XL 147 ; XIII. 296.
Harlem Isle, XL 147. See Haarlem.
Harlequin, XI. 147 ; VIII. 158.
Harleston, town of Norfolk, XI. 147.
Harley (Robert), earl of Oxford, X.
147—his kindness to Defoe, VII. 669.
 (Wm.), his dairy, VII. 590.
Harling (East), in Norfolk, XI. 147.
Harlingen, XI. 148.
Harlot, XI. 148. See Courtezan.
Harlow, town of Essex, XI, 148.
Harmattan, African wind, XL 148 ;
VII. 588; XVII. 541.
Harmodius, XI. 149; IV. 148.
Harmonia, XI. 149.
Harmonic, XI. 149.
Harmonica, XI. 149.
Harmonics, acute, II. 122.
Harmonites, sect of, XII. 266.
Harmony, in music, XI. 150 ; II. 122;
XV. 623—theories of, 605.
 , town of Indiana, XII. 266.
Harmostes, XI. 151.
Harmosynians, XI. 151.
Harmotome, specific gravity of, XII. 30.
Harness, XI. 151.
Haro, XL 151.
Harold, king of England, VIII. 707-8.
 Hardrada, VIII. 709.
 Harfagr, XVI. 258.
Haroun-al-Rasehid, Bagdad improved
by, IV. 280—tomb of, XV. 603-me¬
dicine encouraged by, XX. 825.
Harp, XL 152.
Harpa, in conchology, XV. 347.
Harpagines, XI. 152.
Harpagus, XL 152 ; VII. 577.
Harpalici, insects, IX. 122.
Harpalus, Greek astronomer, XI. 152.
 , insect, IX. 122.
Harpe (J. F. de la), his eulogy of Con¬
dillac, I. 116—his definition of reflec¬
tion, ib.
Harpies, XL 152.
Harpings of a ship, XI. 153.
Harpocrates, XI. 153 ; VIII. 553.
Harpocration, grammarian, XI. 153.
Harponully, in India, XI. 153.
Harpoon, in whale-fishing, XL 153.
Harpsichord, XI. 153.
Harpsted, in Hanover, XI. 153,
Harpy, bird, XVI. 563. See Harpies.
74
INDEX
HAR
Harpyia, birds, XYI. 563.
Harquebuss, XI. 153.
Harrier, XI. 153, 705, 750.
 , bird, XVI. 564.
Harrild’s printing-press, XVIII. 570.
Harrington, in Cumberland, XI. 153.
 (Sir John), poet, XI. 153.
 (James), XI. 153—merits of his
Oceana, I. 47.
 , in St John’s, XII. 591.
Harriot (Thomas), XI. 15,4; XIV. 316
—his improvements in algebra, I. 44 3 ;
II. 423—observed the spots on the
sun scarcely a month later than Gali¬
leo, I. 443—telescopes employed by,
XVI. 356.
Harris (James), XI. 154—on grammar,
X. 648, et seq.; 686, note 4—on me¬
mory, XIV. 613—on matter, 643—on
money, XVIII. 268.
 (Snow), on electricity, VIII. 575,
587—his instrument for measuring
the evolution of heat by electricity,
626—his ship-conductors, 647—his
electroscope, 657—his electrometer,
658—-his measuring-electrometer, 659
—his electrical balanoe, 660—his elec¬
trical machine, 641—on magnetism,
XIII. 697, 715.
   (General), V. 488.
  (Captain), his rifle-shooting in
South Africa, XX. 302.
 »in the Hebrides, XI. 155; XIII.
263 — mode of fixing the blowing
sands in, II. 315.
Harrisburgh, XVII. 224.
Harrison (John), XI: 155—his clock,
VI. 771—his contrivance for keeping
clocks and watches going while wound,
784—his compensation-balance, 798—
his scapement, VI. 776—his chrono¬
meters, XIII. 558—his gridiron-pen-
dulirni, XVII. 214.
 (William), XI. 155.
 , in Indiana, XII. 266.
Harrow, in Middlesex, XI. 156.
 , in agriculture, II. 267, 350.
Harrowgate, in Yorkshire, XI. 156.
Harrowty, in Hindustan, XI. 156.
Harsefeld, in Hanover, XI. 156.
Hart, male deer, XI. 156. See Deer.
Hart’s Horns, XI. 156.
Hart’s galvanic battery, XXI. 666.
Hartberg, in Austria, XI. 156.
Harts (Walter), historian, XI. 156.
Hartford, Deaf and Dumb Institution
at, VII. 264.
Hartland, in Devon, XI. 156.
Hartleburt, in Worcester, XI. 156.
Hartlepool, XI. 156—port of, VIIL
289—chalybeate spring at, 290—ro¬
mantic ro«ks near, ib.—ship-canal at,
XVI. 14.
Hartley, in Northumberland, XI. 157.
 (David), XI. 157—on the ori¬
gin of our knowledge, I. 115 —his
Theory of Human Nature, 170-1, 362-
70—on association of ideas, I. 170,
364 ; VIII. 436—his merits as a phi¬
losopher, I. 365 ; VIII. 437—on the
sense of taste, 443—on the origin of
sexual desire, XII. 301—on percep¬
tion, XIV. 605—on memory, 613, 617
—his vibratory theory of sensations,
XVII. 673.
Haftlib on agriculture, II. 257.
Hartmann (Prof.), his edition of Ed-
risi’s Geography, VIII. 433.
Hartog (Dirk), his voyage, IV. 205.
Hartz Mountains, XI. 137.
Haruspices, XI. 157; III, 661.
Haruspicy, VIII. 58.
Harvard University, XIV. 303—library
of, 13,317.
Harvest, XI. 157.
Harvest-bug, III. 36!>.
Harvest-fish, XII. 188.
Harvest-Home, feast of, XI. 157.
Harvest-moon, III. 787.
Harvey (Dr William), XI. 157—his dis¬
covery of'the circulation of the blood,
II. 698 ; XVII. 641,727—importance
of that discovery, XX. 829'.
HAR—HAW
Harvey Islands, XVIII. 323.
Harvey’s Isle, XI. 158.
Harwich, in Essex, XI. 158.
Harwood (Dr), on editions of the ancient
classics, IV. 627.
Harzgerode, German city, XI. 158.
Hase, of, Wirtemberg, on the speaking-
trumpet, XXI. 391.
Haselmere, in Surrey, XI. 158.
Haskins’ quicksilver-pump, XVIII. 718.
Haslah, Hindu town, XI. 158.
Haslar Hospital, XI. 129.
Haslebeest, African animal, II. 228.
Haslingden, in Lancashire, XI. 158.
Hasparren, in France, XI. 158.
Hassan Aga, II. 505.
 Keela, in Armenia, XI. 158.
 Pasha, VIII. 487.
Hasselqeist (Frederick), Swedish tra¬
veller, XI. 158.
Hasselt, in the Netherlands, XI. 158.
Hassenfratz (Monsieur), on the speaking
trumpet, II. 119.
Hasser, Hindu town, XI. 158.
Hasta, XI. 158-9.
Hastee, Hindu town, XI. 159.
Hastenback, battle of, V. 385.
Hastings, town in Sussex, XI. 164—
battle of, VIII. 710.
 (Warren), XI. 159, 421, 425,
ct seg.—charges against, V. 430—trial
of, 440, 444, 455, 460, 477, 715—im¬
peached, 444, 450—considerations on
his conduct in India, 445—his acquit¬
tal, 477.
Hats, XI. 164—-use of oak-bark in dye¬
ing, VIII. 328—straw-hats, XI. 166.
Hat-making, XI. 165—in England,
VIII. 778—in France, X. 183.
Hatch, in a ship, XI. 167.
Hatchel, XI. 167.
Hatches, XI. 167.
Hatchet, XI. 167.
Hatching of eggs, XI. 167; XVII. 712
—by artificial means, XIX. 81.
Hatchments, in heraldry, XI. 167,260.
Hatfield, XI. 168.
Hatfield-Broad-Oak, XI. 168.
Hatherleigh, in Devon, XI. 168.
Hatras, Hindu town, XI. 168.
Hatred, XV. 466.
Hattemists, Dutch heretics, XI. 168.
Hattia Isle, XI. 168.
Hattock, XI. 168.
Hauksbee (Francis), the best experi¬
menter of his time, I. 617—on the lu¬
minous barometer, IV. 391—his ba¬
rometrical experiment, 395—on elec¬
tricity, VIII. 566—on gunpowder, XI.
85—on capillary attraction, XII. 43
—on magnetism, XIII. 688—on de¬
scent of the barometer, XIV. 722—his
air-pump, XVIII. 81.
Haul, XI. 168.
Haem, XI. 168.
Haunch, XI. 168.
Hauranca Isle, XI. IfS.
Hauriant, in heraldry, XI. 168.
Hausruck, in Austria, XI. 168.
Haussman on dyeing blue, VIII. 328.
Hautboy, musical instrument, XI. 168.
Haute-Feuille (John), XI. 168—his
lever-scapement, VI. 795.
Hactpocl, in France, XI. 169.
Hauy (Rene Just), XI. 169—on crys¬
tallization, VII. 506, 511—on pyro¬
electricity, VHI. 571, 578, 595, et
seq.—on the electricity of minerals,
579—his electroscopes, 595—on elec¬
tricity produced by pressure, 600—on
capillary attraction, XII. 41.
Hauyne, specific gravity of, XII. 31.
Havannah, in Cuba, XI. 171.
Havant, in Hampshire, XI. 171.
Have (La), in Nova Scotia, XVI. 286.
Havelberg, Prussian town, XI. 171.
Havercamp* (Sigibert), XI. 171.
Haverfordwest, XI. 172 ; XVII. 183.
Haverhill, in Suffolk, XI. 172.
Havre, in geography, XI. 172.
Havre-de-Graoe, French city, XI. 172.
Haw, XI. 172.
Hawarden, in Flintshire, XI. 172.
HAW—HE A
Hawes (Dr), on apparent death, and
mode of treatment, XII. 330.
Hawfinch, XVI. 581.
Hawgh, or Howgh, XI. 172.
Hawick, Scotch town, XI. 172.
Hawk, XVI. 563 ; II. 87.
Hawke (Admiral), V. 383, 380.
Hawke’s patent organ, XVI. 533.
Hawker (Colonel), on wildfowl shooting,
XX. 308.
Hawkers, XI. 173.
Hawkes (John), on hunting, XI. 742.
Hawkesbury, river in New Holland,
XI. 173 ; XXI. 715.
Hawkesworth (John), XI. 173—aided
by Dr Joseph Warton in publishing
The Adventurer, XXI. 778.
Hawking, XI. 173.
Hawkins (Sir John), XI. 175.
 (John Isaac), his filter, IX. 581
—his hydraulic weighing-machine,
XXI. 839.
Hawk-moth, IX. 224.
Hawk’s-beak, ip. architecture. III. 442.
Hawksbury (Lord), on the peace of
Amiens, V. 510.
Hawkshead, XI. 175.
Hawksmoor’s architecture, III. 429.
Hawley (General), defeated by Prince
Charles at Falkirk, V. 382.
Haworth (Mr), on the insensibility of in¬
sects to pain, III. 164.
Hawse, XI. 175—hawse-holes, ib.
Hawser, XI. 175.
Hawthorn, XVII. 785, 788.
Hawthornden, VIII. 211.
Hay, XI. 604—hay-making, II. 291, 309
—American hay-rake, 350.
 , Welsh town, XI. 176.
  (William), on personal defor¬
mity, VII. 673, 675,
Haycraft on heat, XI. 193.
Haydn (F. J.), XI. 176—his habits in
composition, VII. 193—his imitative
music, XV. 641.
Hayes (Charles), XI. 177.
Haygarth (Dr), on Perkins’s tractor,
XIV. 4—on mortality, XV. 516.
Haymarket Theatre, London, XIII. 534 ;
XXI. 193-4, 550.
Haynau, in Prussia, XI. 177.
Hayradin, king of Algiers, II. 504.
Hayter (Mr), his examination of ancient
manuscripts, XI. 265.
Hayti, VIII. 102—republic of, 106 ; II.
648—French trade with, X. 191—the
Spaniards in, XVI. 681—weights and
measures of, XXI. 853. See Domin¬
go (St).
Hayward, XI. 177.
Hazael, king of Israel, XI. 177.
Hazard, game of, XI. 177.
Hazebrobck, in France, XI. 178.
Hazel-trees, XVII. 790—culture of, XI.
650—specific gravity of, XM. 30.
Hazel-colour, dyeing of, VIII. 337 , 338.
Hazel-fly, its use in angling. III. 139.
Hazlitt (William), XI. 178.
Hazorta, Abyssinian tribe, II. 62.
Head, XI. 179—nations fabled to want
it, II. 91—regions of the, 757—its
size in male and female infants, 757-8
—bones of, II. 770—muscles, 793—
some animals continue to live after
losing it, III. 163.
  (Capt.), on the dimensions of
the Great Pyramid, VIII. 548.
 (Sir Francis), on the condor of
America, XVI. 558.
Heads of colleges at Oxford, XXI. 496.
Hea.d-borow, XI. 179.
Head-pence, XI. 179.
Head-dress, XI. 179.
Healfang, XI. 179.
Healing, XI. 179.
Health, XI. 179, 144—effect of bodily
deformity on, VII. 674—its influence
on dreams, VIII. 186 ; on the mind,
441—riding and hunting beneficial
to, XI. 668, 74circumstances affect-
XIV. 508—a source of happiness,
XV. 467—of seamen, XVI. 53—sa¬
lubrity of the atmosphere, IV. 138—
HEA
marshy countries subject to fever,
ib. See Disease, Exercise, Ventila¬
tion, &c.
Hearing, XI. 179 ; XVII. 579, 665 ;
XIV. 610—in brutes, III. 165; XVII.
703, et seq.; fishes, II. Ill, 112;
bees, IV. 523 ; insects, IX. 79—organs
of, in man, II. 800 ; in brutes, III. 25
—in relation to music, XV. 607. See
Ear, Deaf and Dumb.
Hearing-trumpet, XXI. 398.
Hearman and Dearn’s filter, IX. 580.
Hearne’s Journey to Coppermine River,
XI. 717—on the beaver, XIV. 137.
Hearse, XI. 179.
Heart, anatomy of, II. 818; XVII. 637
—functions, 637—course of the blood
in, II. 820—comparative anatomy of,
III. 39; XVII. 702, ct seq.—diseases
of, 485 ; in the domestic animals,
XXI. 632—brain and spinal cord the
sources of its muscular power, XVII.
680—of serpents, XX. 130. See
Blood.
Heart-wood, V. 33.
Hearths, building of, V. 676.
Heat, XI. 180—nature of, ib.—diffusion
of, 181—effects of, 187 ; I. 639—quan¬
tity of, in bodies, XI. 192—variations
of temperature, 195—doctrine of, now
advanced to rank of a science, I. 638>
—views of Bacon, Aristotle, and the
alchemistson, 640—thermometers, ib.,
et. seq.—Boerhaave’s views as to its
distribution, 642 — speculations of
Wolfius, ib.—Dr Martine the first ju¬
dicious writer on, ib.—discovery of
congelation of quicksilver, 643—dis¬
covery of latent heat, 644—Leslie’s
observations on increase and diminu¬
tion of temperature by chemical union
of bodies, ib.—experiments of Wilcke
and Lavoisier, 645—introduction of
the term specific heat, ib.—determi¬
nation of the absolute zero, ib.—views
of Dr Crawford, ib.—experiments and
views of Scheele, 646—invention of
pyrometer, 647—good one still a desi¬
deratum, ib.— metallic and register
thermometers, ib.—differential ther¬
mometer, 648—applications of the hy¬
grometer, 650—elasticity of heat, 651
—radiation of, 652—the pyroseope,
653 —the refrigerator, ib.—change
produced in the mechanical arts by
the application of heat, 654—Papiu’s
digester, ib.—gradual improvement
of the steam-engine, ib effect of
heat on the barometer, IV. 392, 393
—Dr Black’s discoveries respecting,
656; I. 644—^reflection of, 652 ; V.
725—solar, 726 ; at different latitudes,
VI. 748—freezing point of mercury,
262 influence of heat on action of
chemical affinity, 357—capacity of air
for, at different degrees of rarity, 750
—is only light in a latent form, 756
—its propagation through solids, li¬
quids, and gases, 759 ; performed by
tremulous pulses, ib.—cold the dimi¬
nution of, VII. 57—Wollaston’s ery-
ophorus, 504—property of some bo¬
dies of becoming electrical by heat,
VIII. 571, 595—its influence on the
electric fluid in metals, 599—evolu¬
tion of, by electricity, 626i; XXL 677
—its effect on fluidity, XXI. 5; and
on the motion of fluids, 75—its rela¬
tions to air, 114—latent heat of aque¬
ous vapour, 129—Leslie on XIII.
245—refraction of, 332—its relation
to light, 334—its influence on mag¬
netism, 690, 693, 716 — connexion
between the heat and magnetism of
the earth, 69'5—its effect on bodily
strength, XIV. 429—death from, 499—
its effect on the health of bakers, &c.,
510>—sensation of, 608 ; XVII. 662-
heat of the lunar and stellar rays,
XIV. 717—utility of the thermome-
ter in improving the philosophy of,
724—temperature of the earth’s sur¬
face and interim-, XV. 175—heating
INDEX,
75
HEA—HEI
power of the solar spectrum, XVI.
419—production of double refraction
by, 499—means of counteracting its
effect on pendulums, XVII. 213—
latent, 449 ; XX. 572, 601—thermal
springs, XVII. 528 ; XX. 550—heat
of animals, XVII. 647 — of elastic
fluids, XX. 485—elastic force of steam
at different temperatures, 577—ca¬
pacity for, 600—specific, ib.—Count
Rumford’s experiments on, XXI. 247
—of plants at the period of fecunda¬
tion, 583—its influence in voltaic
combinations, 695. See * Boiling,
Burning-Glasses, Climate, Cold, Con¬
gelation, Dew, Evaporation, Latent
Heat, Pyrometer, Radiation, Reflec¬
tion, Steam, Temperature, Thermome¬
ter, Thermo-Electricity, Warming.
Heath (James), historian, XI. 198.
 breed of sheep, II. 329.
Heaths, culture of, XI. 686.
Heath’s polytypes, XVIII. 568.
Heathcoate’s lace-frame, VII. 410.
Heather, favourable for the rearing of
bees, IV. 535.
Heathfield Lord.) See Elliot.
Heaven, XI. 198—phenomena of the
heavens, III. 754. See Astronomy.
Hebble and Calder navigation, XVI. 9.
Hebdomadaky, XL 198.
Hebdomarius, VIII. 392.
Hebdome, Greek solemnity, XI. 198.
Hebe, goddess, XI. 198.
Heber, a Jew, XL 198.
 (Reginald), bishop of Calcutta,
XI. 198—on the Hindus, 394, et seq.—
his account of Kemaon, XII. 688-9
of Oude, XVI. 673-4.
Heberden (William), physician, XI. 199
—on mortality, XV. 515,521.
Hebertists, X. 85.
Hebrew, XI. 199—origin of the word,
XVII. 361—accents, II. 84—alpha¬
bet, 548 ; XVII. 364—vowels and
Masoretic points, ib.—Bibles, IV. 613
—characters, XI. 199, 200—poetry,
XVIII. 146. See Jews.
• *— language, XL 200 ; XIII. 83 ;
XIX. 781, 786—originally identical
with the Chaldaic, XVII. 360, 373—
its nature and genius, 360—prior to
the Chaldaic, ib.—its excellence, 366.
Hebrides, XI. 201—confounded with
Hyperboreans, II. 10—cattle of, 323
—sheep, 330—pigs, 338—fisheries, IX.
602—geology, XIX. 749.
 (New), islands, XI. 204.
Hebron, XI. 204 ; XVI. 741.
Hebrus, Thracian river, XL 204.
Hecat/eus, XI. 204.
Hecate, goddess, XL 204.
Hecatesia, Greek festival, XI. 204.
Hecatomb, sacrifice, XL 205.
HecatombjEon, month, XI. 205.
Hecatompolis, XI. 205.
Hechingen, German city, XI. 205.
Hecla (Mount), XII. 146.
Hector, Trojan warrior, XI. 205—cha¬
racter of, XVIII. 149.
Hecuba, wife of Priam, XL 205.
Hedelin on Homer, XI. 542.
Hedge trees and shrubs, XVII. 785.
Hedges in farms, II. 274.
Hedgehog, XIV. 102—cantharides eaten
by, III. 166—hybernation of, 167—
stores up food, 168.
Hedingham Castle, XI. 205.
Hedjaz, III. 324, et seq.
Hedon, in Yorkshire, XL 205.
Hedwig (John), XI. 205—on the villi
of the ileum, II. 816—on vegetable
anatomy, III. 42, et seq.—his botani¬
cal labours, V. 80.
Hedychrum, insect, IX. 227.
Heelbone, II. 791, 792.
Heeren (Prof.), XI. 498—on the course
of civilization in Egypt, III. 411—on
the Pelasgi, 413—on the Ethiopians,
IX. 379, et seq.
Hegeter, insect, IX. 163.
Hegira, XL 206 ; VI. 661.
Heicetje, VIII. 561.
HEI— HEL
Heidelberg, XL 206 —plundered by
Count Tilly, II. 569.
Heidenheim, XI. 206.
Heights, mensuration of, XIV. 563 ; in
the trigonometrical survey, XXI. 369.
See Barometrical Measurements.
Heilbron, in Wurtemberg, XI. 206.
Heiligenstadt, XI. 207.
Heilsberg, Prussian city, XI. 207.
Heine, German poet, XVIII. 168.
Heineccius (John Gottlieb), XI. 207.
Heinecker (Dr), on the dew-points at
Funchal, IV. 138.
Heinroth on insanity, XIV. 585, 586.
Heinse, his novels, XIX. 358.
Heinsius (Antony), XI. 207.
 (Daniel), XL 208.
 (Nicholas), XI. 209.
Heir, XI. 210—apparent and presump¬
tive, ib.; III. 293.
Heirship Moveables, XL 210.
Heisteb (Laurence), XI. 210—on sur¬
gery, XX. 829.
Heitersheim, XI. 210.
Helseus, insect, IX. 165.
Helai, Hindu village, XI. 210.
Helcon, insect, IX. 222.
Helder, expedition to the, XXI. 735.
Helena (St),island, XI. 210—Halley’s
voyage to, I. 542.
 , in mythology, XL 210.
 , empress, XVI. 754.
Helenin, VI. 476.
Helenus, son of Priam, XL 211.
Helepolis, war-machine, XI. 211.
Heliades, sisters of Phaethon, XI. 211.
Heliaja, XI. 211.
Helianthoida, zoophytes, XXI. 1022.
Heliases, fish, XII. 176.
Heliastie, Athenian judges, XL 211.
Helicina, in conchology, XV. 348.
Helicoid Parabola, XI. 212.
Helicon, Greek mountain, XI. 213.
— , astronomer, III. 729.
Heliconius, insect, IX. 241.
Heligoland, islands, XI. 213.
Heliocentric, XI. 213.
Heliocometes, XI. 213.
Heliodorus of Phoenicia, XI. 213.
 , Greek antiquary, XII. 291.
 , Roman surgeon, XX. 824.
Heliogabalus, reign of, XIX. 410.
Heliometer,XI.213; Bouguer’s, V. 145.
Heliopolis, in Egypt, XI. 214 ; XVI.
339—in Syria ; see Balbek.
Helioscope, in optics, XI. 214.
Heliostate, in optics, XI. 214.
Heliotrope, XI. 214 ; XV. 157 ; IV.
711—specific gravity of, XII. 31.
Heliotropieae, in botany, V. 122.
Helix, in geometry, XI. 214.
 , molluscum, XV. 348, 358, 373.
 , in Corinthian architecture, XI.
214 ; III. 467.
Hell, XI. 214—views of the Mahom-
medans respecting, XIV. 36.
   (Father), his dispute with Mes-
mer, XIV. 7.
Hellanicus, historian, XL 214.
Hellas, XL 215 ; X. 751.
Helle, in fabulous history, XL 215.
Hellebore, poisonous, XIV. 506.
Hellenes, XVII. 177.
Hellenism, XI. 215.
Hellenists, XI. 215.
Hellenodicie, XI. 215.
Hellespont, XI. 215; VII. 623.
Hellot on dyeing, VIII. 297—his pro¬
cess for dyeing black, 329.
Hellstedt, Prussian town, XI. 215.
Hellwigia, insect, IX. 226.
Helm, XI. 215. See Rudder.
Helmet, XI. 215—in heraldry, 257.
Helminthology, XI. 216—obscurity
of origin of intestinal worms, III.
162; XXL 992, 994, et seq. See
Worms.
Helmond, in the Netherlands, XL 227.
Helmont (John Baptist Van), XI. 227.
Helmsley, in Yorkshire, XI. 228.
Heemstedt, German city, XL 228.
Helmund, river, XI. 228 ; II. 212.
Heloise, XI. 228 ; II. 24.
HEL—HEN
Helomyza, insect, IX. 289.
Helophilus, insect, IX. 275.
Helophorus, insect, IX. 150.
Helopii, insects, IX. 166.
Helops, insect, IX. 166.
Heloptilus, insect, IX. 197.
Helos, town in Laconia, XI. 228.
Helostoma, fish, XII. 190.
Helotes, fish, XII. 169.
Helots, ancient Spartan slaves, XI.
228 ; XX. 526.
Helsingborg, Swedish city, XI. 228.
Helsingfors, in Russia, XI. 228.
Helstone, town in Cornwall, XI. 228.
Helvetia, XXI. 42.
Helvetic, XI. 228.
Helvetii, XI. 228 ; XXL 42.
Helvetius (Claude Adrian), XI. 223—
his extension to metaphysical sub¬
jects of Leibnitz’s law of continuity,
I. 135—on the origin of our ideas, 136
—on the inferiority of the souls of
brutes, 180—on modifications of ge¬
nius, 185—on memory, IV. 699—his
literary obligations to Diderot, VIII.
15—on the power of education, 439—
character of his work De VEsprit, ib.
Helvidians, heretics, XI. 229.
Helvine, in mineralogy, XV. 159.
Helvoetsluys, Dutch town, XI. 229.
Hematin, VI. 484; VIII. 311.
Hematite, a mineral, XV. 162; VI. 88.
Hematropfcic organs, II. 818—in the
lower animals. III. 39.
Hembise (John de), XVI, 108.
Hemel-Hempsted, in Herts, XI. 229.
Hemerobaptists, sect, XI. 229.
Hemerobini, insects, IX. 213.
Hemerobius, insect, IX. 213.
Hemerocallideie, in botany, V. 135.
Hemerodromi, XI. 229.
Hemerodromia, insects, IX. 270.
Hemerotrophis, XI. 229.
Hemi, verbal prefix, XI. 229.
Hemibolon, ancient weight, XI. 229.
Hemicardia, in conchology, XV. 341.
Hemicycle, XI. 229.
Hemicyclium, XI. 229.
Hemidactyli, reptiles, XIX. 147.
Hemiglyph, in architecture, III. 467.
Hemilepidotus, fish, XII. 174.
Hemina, Roman measure, XI. 230.
Hemipalma, bird, XVI. 624.
Hemiptera, insects, IX. 59, 194.
Hemiramphus, fish, XII. 201.
Hemirhipus, insect, IX. 140.
Hemisphere, XI. 230.
Hemistich, in poetry, XI. 230.
Hemitone, in music, XL 230.
Hemitripterus, fish, XII. 174.
Hemlock, poisonous, XVIII. 177.
Hemman (Mr), his anchor. III. 105.
Hemmer (J. J.), on the electricity of
the human body, VIII. 609.
Hemp, XL 230; XVI. 49—culture of,
II. 294 ; in Chili, V. 532—Manilla
and Indian, XI. 230. See Flax, Rope.
Hempel’s filter, IX. 583.
Hemprich’s travels in Abyssinia, II. 58.
Hems, Syrian city, XI. 230.
Hemskerck (Egbert), XI. 230.
Hen and Chickens, islands, XI. 230.
Henault (Charles John Francis), a
French author, XI. 230.
Hendecagon, in geometry, XI. 231.
Henderson (Ebenezer), on Iceland, XII.
144,147.
Hendon, in Middlesex, XI. 231.
Hened-Penny, XI. 231.
Henery Isle, XI. 231.
Hengist, V. 302.
Hengtcheou, Chinese city, XI. 231.
Heniochas, constellation, XI. 231.
Henly-in-Arden, XI. 231.
Henley-on-Thames, XI. 231.
Henley (John), XI. 232.
Henley’s electrical discharging-instru¬
ment, VIII. 649—his quadrant-elec¬
trometer, 657.
Hennebon, French city, XL 232.
Hennegau, in the Netherlands, XL 232.
Hennell on etherification, VI. 439.
Hennersdorf, Saxon city, XI. 232.
HEN—HEP
Henniker (Sir F.), his account of Me-
hemmed Ali, VIII. 506, n. ; and of Je¬
rusalem, XII. 545.
Hennin on numismatics, XII. 292.
Henochius, fish, XII. 178.
Henops, insect, IX. 270.
Henoticum, edict of Zeno, XI. 232.
Henricans, sect, XI. 232.
Henrietta (Queen), V. 309, 312.
Henriot, X. 90.
Henry I. of England, reign of, VIII. 714
—his character, 715.
  II., his treatment by Becket,
IV. 509—his residence in Dublin,
VIII. 236—his reign, 716—his inva¬
sion of Ireland, XII. 355.
 III., league of the barons against,
VII. 489—reign of, VIII. 723—cha¬
racter of, 725—his conduct towards
the Irish, XII. 356—the Forest Char¬
ter confirmed by, XX. 301—his en¬
couragement of Oxford University,
XXI. 493—his public instruments
relative to Cambridge University,
500.
 IV., reign of, VIII. 731—duel¬
ling under, 253—navy of, XX. 216.
 V., reign of, VIII. 7 32—his in-
vasion of France, X. 22—his navy,
XVI. 39; XX. 216.
  VI., reign of, VIII. 733—act
permitting the exportation of corn,
VII. 333.
   VII., the laws of, eulogised by
Bacon, I. 37—archery in his reign,
HI. 399—his tomb, 423—reign, VIII
739—character, 742—navy, XVI. 40
—shipping of England in his reign,
XX. 219—Oxford University, XXI.
494.
 VIII., XL 233—his marriage to
Anne Boleyn, III. 195 ; IV. 739 ;
VII. 446—archery in his reign, III.
399, 401—the coin debased by, 709;
VII. 34 — distress thus occasioned,
334, n. 1—ins treatment of Becket’s
shrine and remains, IV. 509 — his
divorce from Queen Catherine, VII.
444-6—subsequent marriages, 446—
—religious persecutions, ib.—his title
of Defender of the Faith, j667—his¬
tory of his reign, VIII. 742 — his
character, 751—hifc Irish policy, XII.
362—his navy, XVI. 40—his share in
the Reformation, XIX. 91, 95—his
wars with Scotland, 719, et seq.—
shipping in his reign, XX. 220—Ox¬
ford University, XXI. 494,
 I. of France, X. 12.
 II. of France, X. 31—killed at
a tournament, VIII. 252.
 III. of France, X. 33.
  IV. of France, XL 232—his
beard, IV. 472—Carew’s account of
him and his Court, VI. 140—reign
of, X. 33—troubled by some prophe¬
cies, XX. 812.
 IV. of Castille, XX. 497.
 V. of Germany, XII. 469.
 , Prince of Wales, son of James
the First, XI. 235; V. 307.
t of Huntingdon, XI. 234.
 the Minstrel, XI. 234.
 (Philip), XI. 235.
 (Matthew), XI. 235.
 (Dr Robert), XI. 235—his cha¬
racter as a historian, XIII. 21—on
ordeal, XVI. 521—Gilbert Stuart’s
abuse of, XX. 781.
 (Dr), on oil-gas, X. 359, 362—
his electro-magnet, XIII. 762 —his
eudiometer, XVII. 532—his galvanic
battery, XXI. 672—his galvanic expe¬
riments, 678 — his electro-magnetie
reciprocating apparatus, 687.
  (Tho.), XIV. 227—his experi¬
ments in bleaching, ib. ; IV. 680, 681.
Henryson (Robert), poet, XI. 237.
Henselius on Coptic, XI. 314.
Henwood (Mr), on pitching in ships,
XX. 244, note.
Hepatic, XI. 239.
I duct, II. 817. See Liver.
76
INDEX
HEP—HEIi
Hepatic;e, in botany, V. 38, 138—repro¬
ductive organs of, 56.
Hepatoscopia, XI. 239.
Hepburn (John), XXI. 509.
Hephajstia, Athenian festival, XI. 239.
Heph«;stio, XI. 239, 210.
Hephthemimehis, XI. 240.
Hepialtes, insect, IX. 245.
Hepialus, insect, IX. 245.
Heptachokd, in poetry, XI, 240.
Heptagon, in geometry, XI. 240.
Heptagonal numbers, XI. 240.
Heptangulak, in geometry, XI. 240.
Heptarchy, XI. 240—Saxon, VIII. 701.
Heptatremus, fish, XII. 237.
Heeaceea, ancient city, XI. 240.
Heraceeonites, sect, XI. 240.
Heracleopolis Magna, VIII. 545.
Heraclidaj, XI. 240.
Heraclides, XI. 240, 241 ; XXI. 56.
Heraclitean philosophers, XVII. 431,
Heraclitus, XI. 241; XX. 439.
Heraclics, emperor, XI. 241.
Herald, XI. 241—College of Heralds,
VII. 69.
Heraldry, XI. 243.
Heraldus (Desiderius), XI. 261.
Heran’s polytypes, XVIII. 568.
Herault, in France, XI. 261.
Herb, in botany, XI. 261.
Herbaceous plants, XI. 261.
Herbage, in law, XI. 261.
Herbal, XI. 261.
Herbarium, V. 69.
Herbelot (Barthelemi D’), XI. 261.
Herbert (Edward), Lord Herbert of
Cherbury, XI. 261—anecdote of, VI.
616—his deistical works, VII. 679.
   (Mary), XI. 261.
 (Sir Thomas), XI. 262.
 (William), Earl of Pembroke,
XI. 262.
Herbiers, French town, XI. 262.
Herbivorous animals, XI. 262—pecu¬
liarities of their organization, III.
159—seldom pair, 168—season of their
parturition, 169.
Herborn, German city, XI. 262.
Hercen on the Crusades, VII. 487-8.
Herculaneum, XI. 262 ; III. 419 ;
XV. 699, 708—Academy of, II. 76—
papyri found in, VII. 642.
 , in Missouri, XV. 304.
Hercules, XI. 270 —statue of, VIII.
182, arid PI. 195—his war with An-
tieus, XIV. 330—mysteries of, XV.
668—Egyptian, VIII. 553.
 , constellation, XI. 272.
 (Pillars of), XI. 272.
Hercynia Silva, XI. 272.
Hereditary, XI. 272—transmission of-
disease in horses, &e., XI. 572—mon¬
strosities, XV. 422. See Generation.
Hereford, English city. XI. 272—ca¬
nal to Gloucester, XVI. 14.
Herefordshire, XI. 272 — cattle of,
II. 323—sheep, 329—attempted iron
bridge in, V. 279.
Herepath and Cox, their patent process
of tanning, XXI. 76.
Heresy, XI. 274—capital punishment
of, approved of by Cranmer, VII. 447.
Heretic, XI. 275.
Heretochs, XI. 275.
Here ward, VIII. 713.
Herforden, Prussian city, XI. 275.
Hergest’s Islands, XI. 275.
Heriades, insects, IX. 233.
Heriot, in law, XI. 275.
Heriot’s Hospital, VIII. 424.
Herisau, Swiss town, XI. 275.
Merissant on cartilage, II. 747.
Herisson, in fortification, XI. 275.
Heritier’s (L’) botanical labours, V. 87.
Heriura, Hindu town, XI. 275.
Herm^ea, Greek festivals, XI. 275.
Hermanfroi, X. 4.
Hermann (Paul), professor of botany
at Leyden, XI. 275 ; V. 87.
Hermann’s character of Gilbert Wake¬
field, VII. 54 6, n. 7.
 of Pavia, on the doctrine Conser-
vatio virium vivarum, VIII. 377.
HER
Hermanstadt, in Hungary, XL 276.
Hermanns, X. 476.
Hermaphrodite animals, XI. 276 ; III.
157; XIV. 494—flowers, XI. 276.
Hermas, XI. 276.
Hermeias, III. 530.
Hermes, XI. 276.
  (Egyptian), Hermes Trismegis-
tus, or Thoth, VIII. 552 ; XVII. 377,
429, 430 ; XVIII. 335—the reputed
inventor of chemistry, VI. 341—in¬
scription of, ib.
Hermesianax, poet, XI. 276.
Hermetical Art, XI. 276—Philoso¬
phy—Medicine—Seal, 277.
Hermharpocrates, XI. 277.
Hermiani, heretics, XI. 277.
Herminia, insect, IX. 251.
Hermione, Greek city, XI. 277.
Hermit, XI. 277.
Hermitage, XI. 277.
Hermodorus, VI. 711.
Hermogenes, architect, XI. 277.
 Tarsensis, XI. 277.
 , Roman lawyer, VI. 713.
 (St), island, XI. 275.
Hermogenians, heretics, XI. 277.
Hermon (Mount), XI. 277 ; XVI. 743.
Hermoneura, insects, IX. 267.
Hermonthis, ruins of, VIII. 535.
Hermopolis, XI. 277—ruins of Hermo-
polis Magna, VIII. 544.
Hermus, river, XI. 277.
Hernandez on birds, XVI. 545.
Hernandiacese, in botany, V. 126.
Hernia, II. 703 ; XVII. 129—surgical
treatment of, XX. 840—in the domes¬
tic animals, XXI. 626.
Hernosand, Swedish town, XL 277.
Hero, XI. 277—deification of ancient
heroes, XVIII. 334.
 , mathematician, XI. 277 —his
thermometer, IV. 392—hydrodynami-
cal inventions of, XII. 1—his foun¬
tain, XVIII. 75 ; applied to the rais¬
ing of water from a mine, 135—his
steam-apparatus, XX. 611—editions
and translations of his Pneumatics,
613.
 the younger, XI. 277 ; X. 427.
Herod the Great, XI. 278 ; XII. 571,
et seq.; XVI. 751.
 — Agrippa, II. 357.
 Antipas, III. 253.
Herodians, Jewish sect, XI. 278.
Herodianus, XL 279.
Herodotus, XI. 279—on the Amazons,
II. 588—on India, 696—archaeologi¬
cal value of his works, III. 262—on
Egyptian history, VI1T. 460-ronEgypt,
510, 54 5, 550—on Egyptian embalm¬
ing, 676—on the Ethiopians, IX. 376.
Heroic, XI. 280—Heroic age—Heroic
poem—-Heroic verse, ib.
Heroine, XI. 280.
Heron, bird, XVI. 618.
Herophikis, his anatomical knowledge,
II. 688 ; XVII. 725—his skill in sur¬
gery, XX. 822.
Herpestes, in zoology, XIV. 118.
Herpetodryas, serpent, XX. 140.
Herrara, XVII. 296.
Herrenberg, a city in Wurtemberg,
XI. 280.
Herrera Tordesillas (Antonio de),
Spanish historian, XI. 280.
  (Ferdinand de), XI. 281 —
poetry of, XVIII. 163.
Herrick, poetry of, XVIII. 170.
Herring, XI. 281; XII. 214; IX. 592
—quantity of herrings cured in and
exported from England, VIII. 770.
Herring-fishery of the Baltic, IV. 326—
Britain, IX. 596—Caithness, V. 781
—Donegal, VIII. 113—England, 769
—Ireland, XII. 409—Scotland, XIX.
770. See Fisheries.
Herring (Thomas), XI. 281.
Herrnhuth, in Saxony, XI. 281.
Herrnhutters, XV. 490 ; XXI. 449.
Herschel (Sir J. F. W.), on asrora bo¬
realis, IV. 202—on the cause of the
rolling of thunder, VIII. 619—on
HER—HEW
magnetism, XIII. 694, 713—on me¬
chanical power from coal, XIV. 438
—his doublet microscopes, XV. 34,
35—his optical discoveries, XVI. 372,
488—on optics, 396, 397, 410, 421,
436, 446, 450, 485, 493, 494—on po¬
larisation of light, XVIII. 243.
Herschel (Sir William), XI. 281 — his
astronomical discoveries, I. 672 ; III.
747 ; IV. 34—on the solar spots and at¬
mosphere, HI.783—on theplanet Mars,
IV. 28—on Saturn and his ring, 33, 34
—on the fixed stars, 43,44, 46—on ne-
buke, 47—on heat, XI. 183—on the
prismatic spectrum, XIII. 332; I.
636—his micrometers, XV. 20, 22—
his telescopes, XVI. 363; I. 673—on
opties, XVI. 419, 433.
 , planet, XI. 283. See Uranus.
Herschelite, specific gravity of, XII. 31.
Herse, in fortification, XI. 283.
Hersfeld, German province, XI. 283.
Hersillon, in military art, XI. 283.
Herstat, in the Netherlands, XI. 283.
Hertford, XI. 283—College, ib.—
Union Canal, XVI. 14.
Hertfordshire, XI. 284.
Hertha, XI. 285.
Heruli, XIX. 423.
Hervert’s Tables of the powers and pro¬
ducts of numbers, I. 590.
Hervey (James), XI. 285.
Herzberg, town in Hanover, XI. 286.
Hesdin, French city, XI. 286.
Hesiod, XI. 286—poems of, XVIII. 150.
—on the gods, 335, 340.
Hesione, in mythology, XI. 286.
 , worm, XI. 220.
Hesper, or Hesperus, star, XI. 286.
Hesperia, insect, IX. 243.
Hesperides, nymphs, XI. 286—gardens
of the, II. 238.
Hesperidin, VI. 469.
Hesperidium, in botany, V. 49.
Hesperidum Insult, XI. 286.
Hesperi-sphinges, insects, IX. 243.
Hesperus, XI. 287.
Hesse, or Hesse-Cassel, XI. 287—coins
of, XV. 410—commercial league with
Prussia, XVIII. 687 —weights and
measures of, XXL 853.
Hesse Darmstadt, weights and measures
of, XXL 853.
Hesse-Homburg, XI. 288.
Heston, in Middlesex, XI. 288.
Hesychius, ancient Greek grammarian,
XI. 288.
Heteriarch, Greek officer, XI. 288
Heterobranchia, Crustacea, VII. 502.
Heterobranchus, fish, XII. 202.
Heterocerus, insect, IX. 150.
Heteroclite, m grammar, XI. 288.
Heterodisca, in conchology, XV. 349.
Heterodon, serpent, XX. 138.
Heterodontes, in zoology, XIV. 181.
Heterodox, in theology, XI. 288.
Heterogeneity, in physics, XI. 288.
Heterogeneous, XI. 288 — Light —
Nouns—Quantities—Surds, 289.
Heterogyna, insects, IX. 227.
Heteromera, insects, IX. 162.
Heteromyza, insect, IX. 289.
Heteroneura, insects, IX. 290.
Heteropoda, Crustacea, VII. 501.
 , birds, XVI. 624.
Heteroptera, insects, IX. 195.
Heteroscii, XI. 289 ; X. 409.
Heterotarsus, insect, IX. 165.
Hetruria. See Etruria.
Hettowra, Hindu town, XI. 289.
Heulandite, a mineral, XV. 151.
Heusden, in the Netherlands, XI. 289.
Hevelius (John), XI. 289—opposed the
application of the telescope to astro¬
nomical instruments, I. 497  his
astronomical labours, III. 741 con¬
stellations added by, IV. 42—on the
cometary orbits, VII. 137.
Hewet (Andrew), VII. 446.
Hewson (William), XI. 289—on the
lymphatics, II. 703, 729—on the villi
of the ileum, 816 — on the blood,
XVII. 634, 635.
HEX—HIL
Hexa-carbo-hydrogen, VI. 372.
Hexachord, in music, XI. 289.
Hexagon, XI. 289.
Hexahedron, in geometry, XI. 289—
in mineralogy, XV. 121.
Hexameter, in poetry, XI. 289.
Hexapla, XL 289.
Hexastyle, XL 290 ; III. 467.
Hexatoma, insect, IX. 266.
Hexham, XI. 290—bridge of, V. 270-
battle of, VIII. 736.
Hexodon, insect, IX. 157.
Heydon (John), XI. 290.
Heylin (Dr Peter), XI. 290.
Heyling (Peter), his visit to Abyssinia,
II. 53.
Heyne (C. G.), XI. 290—on the ab¬
surdities of mythists, III. 258—on
diamonds, VIII. 4, 5 — on Homer,
XI. 543, 548—his improvement of the
library of Gottingen, XIII. 313.
Heysham (Dr), parish-registers kept by,
XV. 518.
Heytesbury, in Wilts, XI. 292.
Heywood (John), poet, XI. 292.
 (Mrs), novels of, XIX. 335.
Hezronita (John), his translation of
Edrisi’s Geography, VIII. 432.
Hiatella, in conchology, XV. 341.
Hiatus, XI. 292.
Hibbert (Dr S.),on apparitions, III. 302
—on vitrified forts, IX. 759.
Hicetas of Syracuse, XI. 292.
Hickes (George), XI. 292.
Hicksite Quakers, XVIII. 772.
Hidage, XI. 293.
Hidalgo, XI. 293.
  (Don Miguel), his proceedings
in Mexico, XIV. 782—executed, 784. ,
Hides, XI. 293—currying of, VII. 556
—imports of, VIII, 777—tanning of,
XXI. 74.
Hidjellee, Hindu town, XI. 293.
Hiempsal, XVI. 305.
Hieracites, heretics, XI. 293.
Hierapolis, Phrygian town, XI. 293.
Hierarchy, XI. 293.
Hieres, islands, XL 365.
Hiero I., king of Syracuse, XXI. 55.
 II., king of Syracuse, XXI. 57.
Hierocles, XI. 293.
Hieroglyphics, Egyptian, XI. 294 ; II.
540; IV. 774 ; XII. 290; XIII. 253;
XVII. 376—Sir Wm. Drummond on,
VIII, 216—the Egyptian Society’s en¬
gravings of, 560—Mexican, II. 623 —
Chinese, XVII, 390—effect of hierogly¬
phic writing on mythology, XV. 675.
Hieromancy, XI. 365.
Hieromnemon, XL 365.
Hieronymus of Syracuse, XXI. 57.
Hierophantes, XI. 365.
Hierophylax, XI. 365.
Higgins- (G.) on the Pelasgi, III. 413-14.
High, XI. 365 ; VIII. 11.
 Places, XI. 365.
Higham-Ferrers, XI. 365.
Highgate, near London, XI. 365.
Highlands of Scotland, XIX. 745—
ponies, II. 317—cattle, 323—pigs, 338
—the second sight, III. 304; XX. 70—
favourable for rearing bees, IV. 535
—tranquillizing measures after the re¬
bellion of 1745, V. 383 — emigration
from, VIII. 688, 690—roads in, XIX.
750. See Perthshire &c.
Highland Society of Scotland, VIII. 420
—its veterinary school, IV. 378.
Highlander, XI. 365.
Highmore (Joseph), painter, XI. 365.
 on the lacteals, II. 698.
Highness, title, XI. 366.
Highway, XI. 365.
Highwaymen, XI. 365.
Highworth, town in Wilts, XI. 366.
High-Wycombe, XXI. 952.
Hu a, Spanish city, XI. 366.
Hilara, insect, IX. 269.
Hilaria, Roman feasts, XI. 366.
Hilarius, Christian father, XI. 366.
Hilarodi, Greek poets, XI. 366.
Hilary (St), in Jersey, XI. 366.
 s bishop of Arles, whether the
INDEX
77
HIL—HIP
author of the Athanasian Creed, IV.
113.
Hilary, Oxford term, XXI. 498.
Hilbubghausen, XI. 366.
Hildanus (F.), on surgery, XX. 829.
Hildebrande on electricity, VIII. 583.
Hildesheim, in Hanover, XI. 366-7.
Hill (Aaron), XI. 367 ; XXL 249.
■ (Sir John), XI. 367.
 (Dr), on vegetable anatomy. III.
44, et seq.—oa botany, V. 83.
 (Rowland), his post-office re¬
form, XVIII. 495—his printing-ma¬
chine, 572.
Hillah, XI. 367 ; IV. 267. ‘
Hillel, Jewish patriarch, XVII. 140.
Hilton Castle, VIII. 291.
Hilum, in botany, V. 50.
Hilversum, XI. 367.
Himsera, VI. 184, 185; XV. 700.
Himalaya Mountains, XI. 368; III.
673 ; XI. 374; XVI. 95—heights of,
XVII. 505, 506.
Himilco, navigator, XI. 372.
———, senator, XI. 372; VI. 186.
Himantopus, bird, XVI. 625.
Himera, VI. 184, 185; XV. 700.
Hin, Hebrew measure, XI. 372.
Hinckley, in Leicester, XI. 372.
Hindia, in Hindustan, XI. 372.
Hindon, town in Wilts, XI. 372.
Hindone, Hindu town, XI. 372.
Hindsham, III. 126.
Hindu Coosh, XL 37o ; H. 211.
Hindus, XL 39 3—probably the inventors
of algebra, II. 421—their writers on
that science, 425 — their mathema¬
tical knowledge, 425; X. 428—archi¬
tecture, III. 408, 433, 471—invented
the denary numerals, 539—their cha¬
racter, 693 ; XI. 394—astronomy, III.
725; VII. 681; XVII. 427—Banians,
IV. 346 — Battles, 449 — Bazeegurs,
468—jugglers, 469—Bengalese, 570
•—Bheels, 610—Goands, 730—Bogals,
ib.—Brahmins, V. 175—castes, 176;
VI. 223; VII. 395—sacred literature,
V. 179—calendar, VI. 263—invented
chess, 518—differehtfrom the Chinese,
VI. 549—their chronology, 664—my¬
thology, VII. 698 ; XV. 677 ; XVIII.
336—the Jains, XII. 495—Jauts, 526
—Rookies, 757—their fabulous chro¬
nology, 588—of Malabar, XIV. 50-
languages, XIII. 81; XVII. 383 —
physics, 427 — ethics, 428 — animal
worship, XVIII. 339—belief in a su¬
preme God, 341—their Vedas or sacred
books, XXI. 565—loom, 824 — the
Zend, 984. See Buddha, Shaster,
Bheels, Brahmins, &c.
Hindustan, XI. 373. See India. -
Hingham, in Norfolk, XI. 466.
Hinging of doors, XII. 614.
Hinnom (Valley of), XI. 466.
Hinzuan, island, XL 466.
Hip, in botany, V. 48.
Hip, muscles of the, II. 793.
Hip-joint, II. 791—sprain of, in cattle,
XXL 618.
Hipparchus, XI. 466—his contributions
to astronomy, I. 482; III. 730, 767
—on geography, X. 393.
Hippias and Hipparchus, IV. 148-9.
Hippobosca, insect, IX. 292.
Hippocampus, in anatomy, II. 808.
 , fish, XII. 227.
Hippocastaneaa, in botany, V. 102.
Hippocentaur, XL 467.
Hippocrateaceae, in botany, V. 102.
Hippocrates, physician, XI. 467—not
distinguished as an anatomist, II. 685
—works erroneously ascribed to, 686
—on bathing, IV. 444, 447—character
and doctrines of, XVII. 724—his sur¬
gical skill, XX. 821—his candour,
823, note 2.
 of Chios, mathematician, X. 423;
XIV. 314—Lune of, XX. 552.
Hippocrene, fountain, XL 467.
Hippodrome, XI. 467.
Hippoglocsus, fish, XII. 220.
Hippolyte (St), French city, XI. 467.
HOP—HOB
Hippolytus, XI. 467.
Hippomanes, poison, XI. 468.
Hipponax, Greek poet, XI. 468.
Hippopodes, XI. 468.
Hippopotamus, XIV. 148 ; II. 227—its
ivory, III. 32—its stomach, 35.
Hippopus, in conchology, XV. 343.
Hippurites, in conchology, XV. 345.
Hircic acid, VI. 430.
Hircine, VI. 443.
Hircus, fixed star, XL 468.
Hire (Philip de La), XL 468—on dial¬
ling, VII. 760—his pump, XII. 97 —
on magic squares, XIII. 682—on the
teeth of wheels, XIV. 352.
Hiring, Mosaic law of, XV. 566.
Hirschberg, Prussian city, XI. 468.
Hirtius (Aulus), XI. 468.
Hirudo, worm, XI. 223.
Hirundo, bird, XVI. 577.
Hispa, insect, IX. 182.
Hispania, XI. 469.
Hispaniola, or St Domingo. See Do¬
mingo (St), Hayti.
Hissar Ferozeh, XI. 469.
Hister, insect, IX. 147.
Histeroides, insects, IX. 147.
Histiophorus, fish, XII. 184.
Historian, labours Of, VII. 319—quali¬
ties of, XI. 497.
Historical painting, III. 655.
  Plays, VIII. 155
History, XI. 469—Academies of, II.
75—modern scepticism with respect
to ancient, III. 265—uncertainty of
early, VI. 652 chronicles of the
middle ages, VII. 495—Dr Johnson
on, 602—civil, XI. 469—ecclesiastical,
486—composition of, 497 ; V. 610—
utility of inscriptions with reference to,
XII. 293—utility of medals,XIV. 463.
 (Natural), XV. 738. See Natu¬
ral History.
Histrio, XI. 499.
Hit, Arabian village, XL 499.
Hitchen, town in Herts, XI. 499.
Hitches in collieries, VII. 72.
Hittites, XI. 499.
Hitu, XVII. 161.
Hive, XI. 499; IV. 521,524, 534—venti¬
lation of hives, 522—temperature of, ib.
Hivites, Canaanites, XI. 499.
Hoadly (Ben.), bishop, XI. 499—on tiie
Lord’s Supper, XX. 817.
 (Ben.), junior, XL 500.
Hoain-Gan-Foo, Chinese city, XL 500.
Hoangho, river, XI. 500 ; XXL 959.
Hoarding, analysis of the principle of,
I. 366. See Avarice.
Hoard’s rope-machine, XIX. 466.
Hoar-frost, VII. 748; X. 238—Dr P.
Wilson on, VII. 752.
Hoarseness, XI. 500.
Hobal, Arabian idol, XI. 500..
Hobbes (Thomas) XI. 500 — philoso¬
phical, political, and ethical princi¬
ples of, 1. 40-42, 144, 319—Addison’s
opinion of his writings, 42 — their
extensive influence, 43, 317—his an¬
tagonists, ib, 323 ; VII. 539, n. 3—co¬
incidence between his followers and
the Antinomians, I. 44—on the com¬
parative utility of reading and think¬
ing, 45—his principles traced by Cud-
worth to the remains of the ancient
sceptics, ib.—on the law of nations,'
90—-on the origin of our knowledge,
114 — on necessity, 268 — his early
studies and works, 317—his arrogance
and dogmatism, 241, 318, 322—excel¬
lent style, 318—does not distinguish
between thought and feeling, 320—no
trace of the moral sentiments to be
found in his writings, 322—his low
estimate of human nature agreeable
to the court of Charles II., ib.—anec¬
dote relative to his Leviathan, 241—
on the sequence of ideas, VIII. 436—
on laughter, XIII. 121, 123—on the
source of wealth, XVIII. 273—on the
quadrature of the circle, XX. 553.
Hobby, bird, XVI. 565.
Hobgoblin, XI. 501.
HOB—HOL
Hobhouse (Sir John), on the reign of
Selim, III., XXL 414, 415.
Hoblers, XI. 501.
Hob-Nail, XI. 501.
Hob-Nob, or Hab-Nab, XI. 501.
Hobson (Captain), XXI. 981, et seq.
Hobson’s Choice, XI. 501.
Hoccleve, poetry of, IX. 41.
Hocco, bird, XVI. 605.
Hoche (General), V. 480.
Hochheim, Germantown, XI. 501.
Hochou, Chinese city, XI. 501.
Hochstedt, in Bavaria, XI. 502.
Hockhocking, XVI. 326.
Hocus Pocus, XI. 502.
Hod, XI. 502.
Hoddesdon, in Hertford, XI. 502.
Hodges (Mr), on the bad effect of erect¬
ing cottages, VII. 393.
Hodgkin on the Greek alphabet,II. 546.
  (Dr), on the animal tissues,
XVII. 596—on the muscles, 609.
Hodgson on aneurism, XVII. 482, 483.
Hodman, XI. 502.
Hodnet, town in Salop, XI. 502.
Hody (Humphrey), XI. 502.
Hoe, XI. 502—horse hoe, II. 268.
Hoesen’s burning-mirrors, V. 735.
Hof, in Bavaria, XI. 502.
Hoffman (M.), on births and deaths in
Prussia, XV. 536.
Hoffman’s polytypes, XVIII. 567.
Hoffmann (John James), Swiss philo¬
logist, XI. 502.
 (Fred.), physician, XI. 502—on
the nervous system, XIV. 581—on
physiology, XVII. 729—on diabolic
agency, XX. 813—on witchcraft,
XXL 908.
 , botanist, V. 80.
 , novelist, XIX. 357.
Hoffmanists, sect, XL 503.
Hoffmanswaldau, poetry of, XVIII. 167.
Hofgeismar, German city, XI. 503.
Hofwyl, Mr Fellenberg’s establishments
at, XXI. 50.
Hog, XIV. 149—its structure, XVII.
707—American, II. 656—Irish, XII.
407.
Hog-styes, II. 272.
Hog Isle, XI. 503.
Hogarth (William), XI 503—his line
of beauty, III. 442—his merits as a
painter, III. 650; XVI. 726—taken
into custody at Calais, XXI. 550.
Hogging of ships, XX. 285, 286—plans
for preventing, 291.
Hoggry, Hindu river, XI. 506.
Hogshead, measure, XI. 506.
Hogue (La), French cape, battle of, V.
366; XIX. 457.
Hogyesk, Hungarian town, XI. 506.
Hohenelbe, Bohemian town, XL 506.
Hohengeroldseck, XI. 506.
Hohenkirchen, battle of, X VIII. 676.
Hohenlinden, battle of, X. 120; XV.
497.
Hohenstein, in Saxony, XI. 506.
Hohenzollern-Hechingen, XI. 506.
Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, XI. 506.
Hohnstein, in Hanover, XI. 506.
Hoist and Hoisting, XI. 506.
Hokeday, XI. 506, 507.
Holbach (Baron d’),the probable author
of the System,e de la Nature, I. 181—
his character of, and connexion with,
Diderot, VIII. 15, 16.
Holbeach, in Lincoln, XL 507.
Holbein (Hans), XI. 507—woodcuts of
his Dance of Death, XXL 917.
Holberg, VIL 731.
Holcus arundinaceus, XVI. 293.
Hold of a ship, XL 507.
Holder (William), XI. 507.
Holdsworth (Edward), XI. 508.
Holdsworthy, in Devon, XI. 508.
Holegu-Ilecou-Khan, a patron of astro¬
nomy, III. 735.
Holepta, insect, IX. 147.
Holeschau, in Austria, XI. 508.
Holibut, fish, XII. 220.
Holiness, XI. 508.
Holinshed (Raphael), XL 508—tirade
HOL
in his Chronicles against modern lux¬
ury, XIII. 603.
Holkar, XL 434, etseq.
Holland, XI. 509—poor colonies of, II.
347—achievement of its independence,
578 —policy in Amboyna and the
Banda Islands, II. 596 ; IV. 340—
army, III. 611—painters, 649 ; XVI.
721—discoveries in New Holland, IV.
204, et bleaching, 679—botan¬
ists, V. 81—bricks, 258—wars with
Britain, V. 336, 338, 343, 347, 416—
political movements in 1784, 446—
invaded by the Duke of Brunswick,
447—invaded by the British in 1799,
489 ; X. 114—discussions in the Bri¬
tish Parliament on that expedition,
V. 494—colonies, VII. 126; in the
West Indies, II. 648; the Banda
Islands, IV. 340; Brazil, V. 191; Ce¬
lebes, VI. 270; Ceylon, 304-5—com¬
merce, VII. 158 ; with the East Indies,
III. 701 ; Berbice, IV. 580; England,
VIII. 779 ; Japan, XII. 520 ; Java,
531—mercantile policy, VII. 164—
sources of commercial prosperity,
169—short credit, 170—corn-trade,
363—battle of Camperdown, V. 482 ;
X.107; VIII. 277—drifting sands, 678-
9—fisheries, IX. 590, 600, 733—con¬
duct of the French towards, X. 39, 42
—conquered by them in 1794, V. 475;
X. 98, 94—no usury-laws, XII. 326
—language, XIII. 85—libraries, 314
—variation of the needle, 733—coins,
XV. 407, 410—population, 514, 515
inland navigation, XVI. 4, 5—under
the French, XVI. 125—loss cf Bel¬
gium, 137—newspapers, 173—irrup¬
tions of the sea, XVII. 511—prisons,
XVIII. 584—religion, XIX. 315—rise
of naval power, XX. 224—surgeons,
829 — stamp-duties first levied in,
XXI. 116—weights and measures,
XXI. 853—the Dutch and Belgians
compared, XVI. 112—maps of Hol¬
land, XL PI. 287 ; XVI. PI. 380. See
Netherlands.
 (New),XL 533. SeeNewHolland.
 , a kind of linen, XI. 533—ma¬
nufacture of, VIII. 51.
 (Sir John), VI. 609.
 (Philemon), XI. 508—his trans¬
lation of Camden, VI. 35.
 (Dr), his account of the Ionian
Islands, XII. 340, et seq.
 (Mr), on the usury-laws, XII. 325.
  (Lord), VIII. 266—on a peace
with France in 1800, V. 491—his op¬
position to the union with Ireland,
493—his Life of Lope de Vega, VIII.
156 — on the extravagances of the
early plays, ib.
Hollandus (John Isaac), on sal-ammo¬
niac, II. 660—on chemistry, VI. 344.
Hollar (Wenceslaus), XI. 533.
Holloa, XI. 533.
Holly, XVII. 785, 787.
Holly-hock, its stem, III. 82.
Holm, XI. 533.
Holman’s account of the island of Mada-
gascar, XIII. 666.
Holms, islands, XI. 533.
Holocanthus, fish, XII. 179.
Holocaust, XI. 533.
Holocentrum, fish, XII. 170.
Holofernes, XL 533.
Holographum, in law, XI. 534.
Holopo'dius, bird, XVI. 625.
Holothuria, zoophyte, XXI. 1001 —
structure of, XVII. 722.
Holothurida, zoophytes, XXI. 1001.
Holstein, XL 534 ; VIL 726.
Holt, XL 535.
 (Sir John), XL 534.
Holwell (Mr), V. 791.
Holy Alliance, XL 485; XIX. 561—
secession of Great Britain from the,
V. 558.
 Brotherhood, XX. 498.
  Ghost, XI. 535 — blasphemy
against, IV. 675—person and work of
the, XXI. 232. See Trinity.
78
INDEX,
HOM—HON
Holt Island, XI. 535 ; XVI. 253.
Holy war, XVII. 450. See Crusades.
Holyhead, in Anglesey, XI. 535.
Holydays, their utility. III. 257.
Holyrood, abbey of, VIII. 417—sanc¬
tuary of, XIX. 758.
Holy-Rood Day, XI. 535.
Holywell, XI. 535; IX. 622 ; XVII.
527—St Winifred’s well, XI. 196.
Holzminden, German city, XI. 535.
Homalinese, in botany, V. 128.
Homalopsis, serpent, XX. 142.
Homalura, insect, IX. 288.
Homberg, in Germany, XI. 536.
 (William), chemist, XI. 535—
his araeometer. III. 372.
Hombdrg, XI. 536, 288.
Home Castle, Berwickshire, IV. 598.
Home (Sir Everard), XI. 541—on the
spleen, II. 727—on the brain, 737—
on mucous membrane, 752—on the
tongue of the giraffe, III. 27—his
work on Comparative Anatomy, 40—
on latent calculous disease, XVII.
479—on the difficulty of discriminat¬
ing diseases, 485.
  (Dr F.), on bleaching, IV. 679.
 (Henry), Lord Karnes, XI. 536
—his Elements of Criticism, I. 221—
his plan for improving themoss of Kin¬
cardine, II. 313—on agricultural leases,
344—on the pairing ofanimals,III.108
—on the old Roman law against bank¬
rupts, VI. 711—on the diversity of hu¬
man complexion, VII. 192—on Lord
Stair’s Institutes, 601—his discussion
with Dr Doig, VIII. 91—on emotion
and passion, 692—on the feudal law
in Scotland, IX. 527, n. 10—on love
among savages, XIII. 577—on the
distinctive qualities of the sexes, ib.
—on diversity of languages, XIV. 203
—on liberty and necessity, 689 — on
novelty, XVI. 291—on the sense of
Deity, XVIII. 330—on the ridiculous,
XIX. 239 — his friendship towards
Smellie, XX. 401—Tytler’s Life of,
XXL 444.
 (John), XL 537 ; IX. 511—his
tragedy of Douglas, VIII. 176.
Homer, XL 541 ; XVII. 404, 407—
Were letters known in his time ? II.
551 — archaeological value of his
works. III. 262—Bryant’s opinions
concerning, V. 619—Dr Clarke’s edi¬
tion of the Iliad, VI. 730—Eusta¬
thius’s Commentaries on, IX. 422—
his geographical knowledge, XII. 345
—Foulis’s edition of, XV. 448—his
anatomical knowledge, XVII. 724 —
poetry of, XVIII. 144,148—criticisms
on, XX. 185, n. 1—translations of,
into English, V. 590 ; VII. 316, 438 ;
XVIII. 395, 399 ; Italian, VI. 297;
French, XII. 508—Homeric hymns,
XVIII. 151.
 , or Omer, a Jewish measure, XI.
549; VII. 381.
Homicide, XL 549 ; XIV. 497—its
punishment in China, VI. 557.
Homildown, battle of, VI. 606—archers
present on that occasion, HI. 398.
Homily, XI. 549—Clementine Homi¬
lies, ib.
Homobranchia, Crustacea, VII. 500.
Homogeneods, XI. 549.
Homologation, in law, XI. 549.
Homolog ods, in geometry, XI. 549.
Homoptera, insects, IX. 200.
Hondekooter (Melchior), XL 549.
Honduras, XI. 549; XVII. 18.
Hone, XI. 552—sp. gr. of, XII. 31.
Honey, XI. 552—ants fond of, III. 242
—Greek, X. 728—specific gravity of,
XII. 31. See Apiary, Bee.
Honey-bees, IX. 237.
Honey-combs, IV. 525 — duration of,
531—construction of, XII. 298.
Honey-guide, bird, XVI. 598.
Honey-stone, XV. 171—specific gravity
of, XII. 31.
Hondschoote, French town, XI. 552.
Honfleur, French city, XI. 552.
HON—HOR
Honiton, in Devonshire, XI. 552.
Honoriaci, XL 552.
Honorius, Roman emperor, VII. 280;
XIX. 420.
  III. (Pope), his persecution of
the Albigenses, XII. 285.
Honour, XL 552—remarks on the law
of, I. 375 ; VIII. 254.
Honours, academical, at the University
of Oxford, XXI. 498.
Honourable, XI. 553.
Hood (Admiral), V. 417.
  (Lieut.), on aurora borealis in
North America, IV. 196, 201.
 (Robin), XI. 553.
 , in Falconry, XI. 553.
Hood’s Island, XL 553.
Hoofed animals, II. 7 08.
Hooghly, XI. 553—river, 554.
Hook, fishing, III. 144.
Hooks, XL 554—in ship-building, XX.
284, 291.
Hook-pins, XL 554.
Hookah, XI. 554.
Hooke (Nathaniel), XI. 556.
 (Robert), XI. 554—his opposi¬
tion to the optical discoveries of
Newton,!. 551—on the earth’s annual
motion, II. 32—on vegetable anatomy,
III. 42, etseq.—his principle of arches,
380—on gravitation, IV. 175 ; I. 559
—on pneumatics, IV. 389—his baro¬
meter, 390 — his improvements on
clocks, VI. 767, 769 ; I. 479—on the
fusee of watches, 787—his watch-
springs, 789 ; I. 479—on lamps, XIII.
44—on magnetism, XIII. 687—his
universal joint, XIV. 447—his micro¬
meter, XV. 11—on optics, XVI. 361,
427—his air-pump, XVIII. 81—his
discovery of the law of nature, ut ten-
sio sic vis, XX. 751—on the strength
of materials, 763—description of his
telegraph, XXI. 137.
Hooker, or Vowell (John), XL 556.
 (Richard), divine, XI. 557.
  (Sir William), notice of the bo¬
tanical works of, V. 86, n. 2.
Hookery, Hindu town, XL 557.
Hoolaiva, island, XI. 557.
Hoole (John), XL 557.
Hooly Onore, Hindu town, XI. 558.
Hoon, IX. 530.
Hoonga-Hapaee, islands, XI. 558.
Hooper (John), bishop, XL 558.
 (George), divine, XI. 558.
Hoopoe, bird, XVI. 591.
Hoorn, in the Netherlands, XL 558.
 Islands, XI. 558.
Hop. See Hops.
Hope, XL 559; XVII. 463.
 (Sir Tho.), XL 559 ; XII. 725.
 (Tho.), his Anastasius, XIX. 349.
 (Dr), his eudiometer, XVII. 532.
 Island, XI. 561.
 (Cape of Good). See Good Hope.
Hopeite, specific gravity of, XII. 31.
Hopital. See Hospital.
Hopkins on geology, XV. 234.
Hoplia, insect, IX. 160.
Hoplides, insects, IX. 159.
Hoplites, or Hoplitse, XL 561.
Hoplitodromos, XI. 561.
Hoplomachi, gladiators, XI. 561.
Hopper, XI. 561.
Hops, XL 559—culture of, II. 294—
their use in brewing, V. 242—their
qualities, ib.—of Herefordshire, XI.
273—of Kent, XII. 695—their protec¬
tion from insects, 294.
Hor, mountain, XI. 561.
Hor.ea, Greek sacrifices, XI. 561.
Horapollo, grammarian, XI. 561.
Horatii, XI. 361; VII. 551; XIX. 3 13.
Horatius Flaccus (Q.), or Horace,
Roman poet, XI. 562—Fine’s edition
of, IV. 623—Cunningham’s edition
of, VII. 546, 547—Bentley’s emenda¬
tions of, ib.—on hunting, XL 739—
poetry of, XVIII. 154—friendship
between him and Virgil, XXL 655.
 Cocles, XI. 561.
Horchilla Islands, XVI. 519.
HOR
Horde, in geography, XL 562.
Hordein, VI. 476.
Hordicalia, Roman feast, XI. 563.
Horeb, mountain, XL 563.
Horestii, VI. 1.
Horia, insect, IX. 168.
Horiales, insects, XL 168.
Horispoor, Hindu town, XI. 563.
Horizon, XI. 563; X. 404; IH. 754—
sensible and rational, 758.
Horizontal, XI. 563—Dial—Line—
Plane—Range, ib.
Hormisdas, king of Persia, XVII. 262.
Horn,musical instrument, XI. 563; XV.
615—English, 614—French, XI. 563.
 (Count), XL 511, et seq.
 (Cape), discovery of, XVII. 119.
Horns of animals, XL 563 ; XIV. 156 ;
XVII. 709—of Galla oxen, II. 59—use
of horn as manure, 303—moulding
of, XXL 430.
Horn-distemper, XI. 563.
Horn-work, XI. 563.
Hornbeam tree, XVII. 783, 790.
Hornberg, German town, XI. 563.
Hornbill, XVI. 593.
Hornblende, a mineral,'.XV. 153—spe¬
cific gravity of, XII.sS-lv
Hornby, in Lancashire, XI. 563.
Horncastle, in Lincoln, XI. 563.
 Navigation, XVI. 14.
Hornchurch, in Essex, XI. 563.
Horne (George), bishop, XL 563.
 (T. H.), on bibliography, IV.632.
Horner (Francis), on Machiavelli, I.
235-6—estimate of his character, 387.
Horners, XL 564.
Horning, in Scotch law, XI. 565.
Horningsham, in Wilts, XL 565.
Hornpipe, XI. 565.
Hornsey, in Middlesex, XL 565.
Hornstone, XV. 157—specific gravity
of, XII. 31.
Horography, XI. 565.
Horologium, XL 565.
Horopter, in optics, XI. 565.
Horoscope, XI. 565.
Horoscopy, VIII. 58.
Horrea, XI. 565.
Horror, XL 565—ofi-o, vacuum, ib.
Horrox (Jeremiah), XI. 565—foretold
the transit of Mercury in 1631,1. 495
— among the first who appreciated
the discoveries of Kepler, ib.—died
young, but left behind him matter
which Newton adopted, ib.
Horsa, V. 302.
Horsburgh’s barometrical plates, IV. 394.
Horse, XL 566 ; II. 316 ; XIV. 152—
race-horse, XI. 567—hunter, 580-
hackney, 588—charger, 592—troop-
horse, 593 — coach-horse, ib. — gig-
horse, 595—post-horse, ib.— cart¬
horse, 596—horses of America, II. 653
—Arabia, III. 327, 340—Asia, 683—
Beykaneer, IV. 608 — Buenos Ayres,
V. 645 —Chili, VI. 530 — Derby¬
shire, VII. 736—Down, VIII. 133—
England, 766, 767—France, X. 176—
Germany, 483—ancient Greece, III.
261—Ireland, XI. 596 ; XII. 407—
Norway, XVI. 264 — Persia, XVII.
244—Scotland, XI. 597—Spain, XX.
517—Tangustan, IV. 794 — Tartary,
XXI. 84—Tibet, 256—Transylvania,
346—breeding and rearing of, II. 317
—feeding and working of, 319—air¬
ing of, 368—use of, among the Ame¬
rican tribes, 632—vocal organs of, III.
28—teeth of, 34 ; XXI. 621—small
brain of, III. 165—degeneration of, 169
—skill of Apelles in painting horses,
281 — affectionately treated by the
Arabs, 328—speed of race-horses, VII.
200—hots in, IX. 28l; XXL 627-
general treatment of, XL 597—de¬
struction of worms in, XII. 294 
strength of, XIV. 430, 438—strength
how exerted, 441—structure of, XVII.
707. See Horsemanship, Hunting,
Veterinary Science.
Horse-chestnut tree, XVII. 784, 787—
buds on ends of its branches, III. 92.
HOR—HOU
Horse-fly, spotted, XXI. 627.
Horse Guards, in London, XIII. 543.
Horse-hoes, II. 268.
Horse-leech, XI. 226.
Horsemanship, XI. 607 — race-riding,
or jockeyship, 621.
Horse-radish, XI. 67 5.
Horse-rakes, II. 268.
Horsens, Danish town, XI. 626.
Horsfield (Dr), on the bats and mydaus
of Java, XIV. 99, 110.
Horsham, in Sussex, XI. 627.
Horsley, in Gloucester, XI. 627.
 (Samuel), bishop, XL 627.
Horst, in the Netherlands, XL 629.
Hortensius (Quintus), XI. 629.
Horticulture, XI. 630 — fruit and
kitchen garden, 631—fruit-garden,
634—forcing-garden, 653 — kitchen-
garden, 667 — flower-garden, 676 —
calendar, 687—horticulture of Middle¬
sex, XV. 60—warming of hot-houses,
&c. by steam, XX. 605—Caledonian
Horticultural Society, VIII. 420. See
Gardening.
Horton (Mrs), her marriage to the
Duke of Cumberland, V. 395.
Horus, VIII. 553 ; XI. 321.
   Apollo, XL 561.
Hosanna, XL 692—Rabba, ib.
Hosea, Hebrew prophet, XI. 692.
Hosier (Admiral), V. 377.
Hosiery. See Stocking-Manufacture.
Hoskins (Mr), on the river Nile and its
source, XVI. 226, et seq.
Hospinian (Rodolphus), XI. 692.
Hospital, or Hdpital (Michel de L’),
chancellor of France, XI. 692.
 (W. F. A. Marquis of), XI. 694
—on mathematics, XIV. 320.
Hospitals, XL 692; XIV. 512—in
London, XIII. 513—improvements in
surgical, XX. 839 See Dublin, &c.
Hospitality, XI. 694 — among the
Arabs, III. 335; and Druses, VIII.
.219—duty of, XV. 475.
Hospitallers, knights, XI. 695.
Hospitium, XI. 695.
Hospodar, XI. 695.
Hosseepoor, in Hindustan, XI. 695.
Hossein-Abdaul, XI. 695.
Hossobetta, XI. 695.
Hosso-durga, XI. 695.
Host, XL 695.
 on botany, V. 80.
Hostage, XI. 695.
Hostia, XI. 695.
Hostility, XL 695.
Hot-beds, XI. 695—use of oak-leaves
in, XVI. 314.
Hot-blast furnace, X. 559 ; XV. 246,
250, n.—smelting, XX. 406.
Hot-houses, XI. 653 ; XX. 605—glazing
of, X. 575.
Hotel, XI. 695.
Hottentots, XL 695 ; II. 226; X. 613,
614—their language, XIII. 94.
Hottinger (John Henry), XI. 695.
Houbigant’s Hebrew Bible, IV. 614.
Houbraken (Jacob), XI. 696.
Houel (Mons.), his description of the
view from jEtna, II. 200 ; of its
forests, 201; of Fata Morgana, IX. 494.
Houghton le Spring, XL 696.
Hound, XI. 697, 742. See Hunting.
Hounslow, in Middlesex, XL 707 —
trigonometrical base on Hounslovr
hoath, XXI. 381, et seq.
Hour, XL 707. See Dialling.
Hour-angles, III. 755.
Hours, goddesses, XL 707.
 , in Romish church, XI. 707.
Hour-glass, XL 707.
Houris, XL 707.
House, XI. 708—site for, XIV. 511. See
Building, Carpentry.
House-painting, XVI. 730.
Household, XI. 708.
Housing, or House-line, XI. 708.
 , or Housee, XI. 708.
Houssa, XI. 708; II. 237.
Houston (Mr), on the tongue of the
chameleon, III. 27.
INDEX
79
HOV—HUM
Hoveden (Roger de), XI. 711.
Horen, disease of cattle, XXI. 624.
Howard (Catherine), VII. 446 5 VIII.
749, 750.
 (Charges), XI. 712.
    (Lady Frances), II. 14.
  (Henrt), earl of Surrey, XI.
711—execution of, VIII. 751—poetry
of, IX. 41.
 (John), XI. 712—his work on
Prisons, V. 79.
——— (Luke), on the electricity of
clouds, VIII. 618—his rain-gauge,
XVII. 536.
 (Mr), his process of distillation
in vacuo, XX. 576.
Howden, in Yorkshire, XI. 714.
Howe (Richard, Earl), IX. 714; V. 408
—his victory in 1794, 475.
 (General), V. 408.
Howe’s Iseand, XI. 715.
Howell (Mr), his method of boring
wooden pipes, V. 6.
Howick (Lord), his bill for religious
emancipation in the army, V. 521.
Howitzer, XI. 71, 73, 715—boring of
howitzers, V. 3.
Howler-ape, voice of the, III. 28.
Hewlett (Mr), on the population of Eng¬
land, VIII. 797.
Howship, on structure of bone, II. 742—
on disease of kidneys, XVII. 479.
Howth, near Dublin, XI. 715; VIII.
234—diving-bell used in making the
harbour of, VIII. 69.
Hoxter, Prussian city, XI. 715.
Hor, XI. 715—Island, ib.
Hoya, in Hanover, XI. 716.
Hoaheine, XL 716; XVIII. 324.
Hubely, Hindu town, XI. 716.
Huber (P.), on ants, III. 239, 241-4—
his hive, 283—on bees, IV. 519, ct
seg.—his blindness, IV. 701—on the
sense of smell in bees, IX. 78, Y9.
Huberstone, XVII. 183.
Hubner (John), XI. 716.
Hucknall-Tokkard, XI. 716.
Huddart’s rope-machine, XIX. 464-6-7.
Huddersfield,.in Yorkshire, XI. 716
—canal, XVI. 14.
Hudson (Henry), XI. 716—his disco¬
veries in Greenland, X. 757—voyages
of, XVIII. 218.
 (William), XL 716—his botani¬
cal labours, V. 83.
 (Jeffery), dwarf, VIII. 294.
   River, XI. 717; XVI. 183;
XXI. 455—its navigation, XVI. 27.
Hudson’s Bay, XI. 717 ; XVII. 521—
French expedition to, in the year
1782, V. 422.
Hudson’s Bay Company, VII. 184; VIII.
691 ; X. 260, 264.
Hue and Cry, XL 717.
Hue, river, VII. 12—town, 13.
Huen, island, IV. 328.
Huesca, XI. 717; III. 373.
Huescar, Spanish city, XI. 717.
Huet (Peter Daniel), XI. 717—super¬
intended the Delphin edition of the
Classics, IV. 627—Huetiana, II. 676.
Hufingen, in Baden, XI. 718.
Hugo de Sancto Caro, IV. 612.
-■ • (Victor), XVIII. 166—charac¬
ter of his novels, XIX. 355.
Huguenots, XI. 718 ; XIX. 94.
Huillier (L.) on the geometric properties
of bees’ combs, IV. 526.
Huish on bees, III. 282, 284.
Hulk, XI. 719—hulks, XX. 218.
Hull, XI. 719 ; XXI. 963—siege of, in
1643, V. 325—docks of, VIII. 75—
port of, 763—trade of, XXI. 964.
 of a ship, XI. 720.
Hulls (Jonathan), VIII. 197—hissteam-
boat, XX. 687.
Hulst, in the Netherlands, XI. 720.
Human, XI. 720.
Humane Society, their rules for restor¬
ing the animation of drowned persons,
VIII. 202.
Humanity, XI. 720—Humanities, or
Uteraj homaniores, XI. 720.
I
HUM
Humbert (General), X. 109.
Humble-bees, IX. 235.
Humboldt on America, II. 607, et seq.~
on the indigenous Americans, 616—
on the American languages, 618—his
journey across the Andes, III. 118—
account of a crocodile roused from
lethargy or summer sleep, 168—ba¬
rometrical measurement of Chim¬
borazo, IV. 401—vertical section of
America, 402—on the botany of Ame¬
rica, V. 77—on isothermal lines, VI.
764; XI. 197, 371—on the Canaries,
VI. 73—on the Egyptian calendar,
VIII. 554—on the electricity of the
torpedo and electrical eel, 610, 613;
XII. 225 —on picture-writing, XI.
296, n. 4—on magnetism, XIII. 691,
701, 745; 749—on the Mexican In¬
dians, XIV. 809 — on the Russian
mines, XV. 253 — on the Mexican
mines, 260, 280—on the Orinoco,
XVI. 536—on Manco Capac, XVII.
293—on American volcanoes, 514—on
the distribution of heat, 543, 545 ; of
plants, 545, 546, 547 ; of animals, IX.
105—on the population of New Spain,
XVIII. 410.
Humboldtite, specific gravity of, XII. 31.
Hume (David), XI. 720, 564—his esti¬
mate of Machiavelli, I. 24—on mo¬
dern improvements in monarchical
government, ib.—on the statutes of
Henry VII., 37-8—on the influence of
the civil war of 1640, 48—on cause
and effect, 78, 211, et seq. 286 ; XVII.
436, 440—his Treatise of Human Na¬
ture, I. 206-7, 221, 353—its effects on
literature, 208—his division of the
objects of knowledge, ib.—admitted
the existence of only impressions and
ideas, 209, 219—his scepticism, 209,
215—his refutation of attempts to de¬
monstrate self-evident truths, 210—
benefits which have resulted from his
reasonings, ib.—his distinction be¬
tween the sensitive and cogitative
parts of our nature, 212—on our be¬
lief in the permanency of the laws of
nature, ib.—on the course of nature,
and succession of ideas, ib.—his re¬
formation of the philosophical voca¬
bulary, 213—instance of his sincerity
in the search after truth, 216—But¬
ler’s opinion of his Essays, 217—vir¬
tuous private character of, 352—anti¬
cipated in some of his doctrines, 425
—considered his Inquiry concerning
the Principles of Morals as the best
of his writings, 354—merits of that
work, 355, et seq.—his style, 354—
his last illness, 424—on the state of
agriculture under the feudal system,
II. 252—on God’s government of the
universe, III. 176, n.—on balance of
power, IV. 310—his philosophy, 477
—his injustice to Prynne, 629—on
miracles, VI. 622, 627 ; XV. 295—on
the effect of a progressive rise of prices
in stimulating productive industry,
VII. 160—his character of Oliver
Cromwell, 477 ; of the Marquis of
Worcester, XXI. 941—on association
of ideas, VIII. 436 ; XIV. 626—his
letter to Gibbon, X. 509 ; to Dr Reid,
XIX. 106—his faults as a historian,
XI. 498 — Hurd’s answer to, 759 ;
XXI. 772—on the origin of ideas,
XII. 296—on rates of interest, 319 ;
XVIII. 265; n. 1—on law, XIII. 176,
177—on perception, XIV. 605—on
memory, 615—on the idea of power,
633—on belief of testimony, 641—oq,
necessity, 690—on instinctive benevo¬
lence, XV. 458—on government, XVI.
235—on Ossian, 660, 662—on politi¬
cal economy, XVIII. 268—his con¬
duct to J. J. Rousseau, XIX. 508—
Smellie’s Life of, XX. 403—Adam
Smith’s account of his death and cha¬
racter, XX. 417 ; and Lord Hailes’s
Latin version of it, VII. 604.
—-—- (Joseph), his financial opposition
HUM—HUR
to ministers, V. 553, 556, 559—his
motions on the Church of Ireland, 562
—on the corn-laws, 571.
Humectation, XI. 722.
Humerus, or arm-bone, in man, II. 786
—in reptiles, III. 15.
Humidity, XI. 722.
Humiliati, XL 722.
Humiliation, XI. 723.
Humility, XI. 723 ; I. 381; XV. 470.
Humiriaceaa, in botany, V. 103.
Humming-birds, XVI. 590 ; VI. 526.
Hummock, XVII. 519.
 Island, XI. 723.
Humour, XL 723.
Humphrey (Laurence), XL 723.
 Duke of Gloucester, VIII. 733-4.
Humphreys on codification, XIII. 192.
Humphreys’ steam-engine, XX. 695.
Hundreds, XI. 723—division of English
counties into, VIII. 762.
Hunfeld, Hessian town, XL 723.
Hungary, XI. 723; IV. 223—mines,
230 ; XV. 2o2,etseq.—language, XIII.
90—libraries, 314—inland navigation,
XVI. 4—heights ofmountains, XVII.
506—war with Sweden, XXI. 21.—
Turkish invasions, 412.
Hungary-Water, XI. 731.
Hunger, XI. 731; XVII. 626, 662-
effect of custom on, VII. 559.
Hungerford, in Wilts, XI. 733.
 Market, London, XIII. 507.
Huningen, French town, XI. 733.
Hunniades (John), VII. 289.
Hunns, nation, XL 733, 729 ; X. 478
—Charlemagne’s war with the, X. 8
•—their language, XIII. 91—their in¬
vasions of the Roman empire, XIX.
418, et seq.
Hunt (Leigh), his connexion with Lord
Byron, V. 758.
 (Captain), V. 391.
Hunter (John), XI. 736—on the dis¬
tinction of species, III. 162—on bees,
IV. 519—on the varieties of human
complexion, VII. 189—on compara¬
tive anatomy, XVII. 584—his work on
Digestion, XX. 524 —his improve¬
ments in surgery, 830—too fond of
amputating, 834, n.
 (Dr John), on grammar, X. 640,
et seq.
 (Dr William), XI. 734—his
anatomical labours, II. 702, 703—on
cellular and adipose tissues, 713, 715
—on the lymphatics, 729—on carti¬
lage, 747—his copartnership with Dr
Cullen, VII. 532—on the torpedo,
VIII. 610 ; and electrical eel, 613.
 (Governor), XXI. 712.
 , horse, XI 734, 580, 598, 605.
Hunter’s double screw, XIV. 370.
Hunter’s Isles, XI. 737.
Hunter’s River, XXI. 715.
Hunterian Museum, X. 539.
Hunting, XI. 738, 612—of the boar,
IV. 721 — in chivalry, VI. 602—in
Sinde, XX. 364.
Hunting-box, in gardening, X. 337.
Huntingdon, XI. 757.
 (Countess of), her patronage of
Whitefield, XXI. 875.
Huntingdonshire, XI. 757.
Huntington, linguist, XI. 312.
Huntsman, XI. 754.
Huntspill, in Somerset, XL 758.
Hupeau (M.), his centre for the bridge
of Orleans, VI. 286.
Hurd (Richard), XL 75§—his sneer at
Dr Taylor, XXI. 128—his panegyric
of Warburton, 771—on Bolingbroke’s
attack on Pope, 772—his work against
Hume, ib.; XI. 759—ids preface to
Warburton’s works, XXI. 773—his
Letters to that prelate, ib.
Hurda, Hindu town, XI. 760.
Hurdle and Hurdles, XI. 760.
Hurdwar, XI. 760—commerce of, 386.
Hurly Burly, XI. 760.
Huro, fish, XII. 168.
Huron, lake, XL 760; VI. 58, 64 ; XV.
7; XVII. 522; XXL 455.
HUR—HYB
Hurrepore, Hindu town, XI. 760.
Hurrial, town in Bengal, XI. 760.
Hurricane, XL 760 ; XVII. 541.
Hurst, XI. 760.
Husbandry, XL 760. See Agriculture.
Huskisson (William), XI. 760—his bill
for amending the combination-law, V.
564—on the corn-laws, VII. 350—on
the sinking-fund, X. 245.
Huss (John), XL 761; XXL 952.
Hussars, cavalry, XI. 761.
Husseinpoor, Hindu town, XI. 761.
Hussenabad, Hindu town, XI. 761.
Hussites, XL 761.
Hussun Subach, XVII. 264.
Hustings, XL 762,
Hustnapore, Hindu city, XL 762.
Husum, Danish city, XL 762.
Huszk, in Hungary, XI. 762.
Hutcheson (Dr Francis), XL 762 ; I.
204, 349—his writings and philoso¬
phy, 205 ; XII. 296—his letters to Dr
Clarke, I. 348—on disinterested affec¬
tions, and a distinct moral faculty,
ib.—compared with Butler, ib.—on
secondary desires, 348—on the nature
of conscience, ib.—his errors, 349—
on beauty, IV. 485—on the sense of
deformity, VII. 673 — on laughter,
XIII. 122, 123.
Hutchins’s experiments on the freezing
of quicksilver, VI. 262,
Hutchinson (General), V. 505; VIII.
493.
  (John), XL 763, 564—on the
Deluge, VII, 700.
Hutchinsonianism, XVII. 367 ; XL 763.
Huttany, Hindu town, XL 763.
Hutton (Cha.), on gunnery, XI. 64—on
the resistance of fluids, XII. 79—his
Mathematical Tables, XIII. 420—on
projectiles, XVIII. 654.
 (Dr James), XI. 763—his manu¬
factory of sal-ammoniac, II. 661, 662
—his hygrometer, XII. 125—his theory
of rain, 132 ; XIV. 748 ; XVII. 535
—on hygrometry, XVII. 533.
Huy, in the Netherlands, XL 764.
Huygens de Zuylichem (Christian),
XI. 764.— his discoveries regarding
motion, I. 479—his micrometer, 496;
XV. 11, 23—other adaptations of the
telescope to astronomical purposes
suggested by, I. 497—his theory of
light, 514—his life and character, 581
—greatly improved dynamics, 602—on
probability, III. 199 ; XVIII. 592-,
his astronomical discoveries, III. 742 ;
I. 496—on pneumatics, IV. 389—his
barometer, ib.—on barometrical mea¬
surements, 397, n. 1—on the pendu¬
lum, VI. 767, 785; I. 479, 581—his
contrivance for keeping clocks going
while wound, VI. 784—his watch-
springs, 789—on the earth’s figure,
IX. 548; XVII. 498—on double re¬
fraction, XIII. 333 ; I. 515—on evo-
lutes, XIV. 318—on mechanics, 351,
353—on the invention of the tele¬
scope, XVI. 354 ; and microscope,
356—on polarisation of light, 359,
453 ; XVIII. 242—on the quadrature
of the circle, XX. 555—on the eyes
of animals, XXI. 148—his eye-piece
of telescopes, 164.
Huysum (John), painter, XL 766.
Hyacinth, culture of, XI. 681—specific
gravity of, XII. 31.
Hyacinthus, in mythology, XL 766.
Hyades, nymphs, XI. 766.
Hyaena, XIV. 119 ; II. 56, 60.
Hyalea, mollusea, XV. 355.
Hyalite, a mineral, XV. 167—specific
gravity of, XII. 31.
Hyaloid membrane and fluid of the hu¬
man eye, 11.799,
Hybernaeulum of buds, HI. 91,96.
Hybernation of animals, II. 46; HI.
167.
Hyela, in Sicily, XI. 766 ; XV. 701.
Hybos, insect, IX. 269.
Hybotinae, insects, IX. 269.
Hybrid plants, XL 766 ; V. 59
80
INDEX
HYB—HYD
Hybrids, XIV. 201—generally barren,
III. 1G1.
Hybristioa, Grecian feast, XI. 766.
Hydaspes, river, passed by Alexander
the Great, XIII. 634.
Hydaticus, insect, IX. 174.
Hyde (Edward), Earl of Clarendon, XI.
766 ; V. 842, 343—impeached, 346.
 (Thomas), XI. 770.
 Park, London, XIII. 542.
Hyder Ali, XI. 421, et seq.; XIV. 51—
his proceedings in Canara, VI. 70.
Hyderabad, XI. 770-1 ; XX. 363.
Hyderbunge, Hindu village, XI. 772.
Hydergur, Hindu town, XI. 772.
Hydershy, Hindu town, XI. 772.
Hydra, XI. 772—island, X. 730—zoo¬
phyte, XXI. 1023.
Hydrachna, arachnides, III. 369.
Hydragogues, XI. 772.
Hydrangea;, in botany, V. 113.
Hydrargyrum, XI. 772.
Hydraspis, reptiles, XIX. 129.,
Hydrates, VI. 437.
Hydraulic press. See Hydrostatic.
 ram, V. 148.
Hydraulics, XI. 772 ; XII. 51; XVII.
568—Souterasi or hydraulic obelisks
at Constantinople, III. 319—pipes for
conveying water into towns. 320—-
Coulomb on the cohesion of fluids,
VII. 428 — hydraulic machinery,
XII. 82. See Aqueduct, Fluids, Hy¬
drodynamics, Noria, Pump, Water-
Works.
Hydrenterocele, XI. 772.
Hydret of potassium, VI. 393.
Hydriodates, VI. 455.
Hydriodic acid, VI. 364.
Hydrobisulphoeyanic acid, VI. 435.
Hydrobromates, VI. 455.
Hydrobromic acid, VI. 364.
Hydrocampe, insect, IX. 252.
Hydrocanthari, insects, IX. 134.
Hydro-carbo-sulphuric acid, VI. 431.
Hydrocele, common in Egypt, VIII.
517—surgical treatment of, XX. 845.
Hydrocephalus, XI. 772; XVII. 458
—in the domestic animals, XXI. 633.
Hydrocerese, in botany, V. 103.
Hydrochserus, in zoology, XIV. 140.
Hydrocharideae, in botany, V. 132.
Hydrochloric acid, VI. 364.
Hydrochorisse, insects, IX. 198.
Hydrochus, insect, IX. 150.
Hydrocyanates, VI. 456.
Hydrocyanic acid, VI. 433—its poison¬
ous quality, XIV. 505.
Hydrocyon, fish, XII. 213.
Hydrodynamics, XII. 1—fundamental
principles of, I. 607—Daniel Bernoulli
on, ib.—D’Alembert and Euler, 608
—Lagrange and Newton, ib.—Bossut,
609—experiments of Smeaton, ib.—
method of investigating the resistance
of fluids, ib.—experiments of Robins,
Borda, Hutton, and Coulomb, on ve¬
locities of moving bodies, 610—ob¬
servations on flow of water and air
through pipes, ib.—Ampere’s experi¬
ment on projection of water through
vertical slit, 611—laws of, applicable
te air, XVIII. 76—motion of fluids in
pipes, 110, 112—theory of motion of
rivers and canals, XIX. 253. See Hy¬
draulics, Hydrostatics.
Hydroferrocyanic acid, VI. 435.
Hydrofluates, VI. 456.
Hydrofluoric acid, VI. 432.
Hydrogen, in chemistry, VI. 363—in
mineralogy, XV. 137—tones produced
by the burning of, II. 120—its light¬
ness, and use in balloons, 181, 182,
183, 187—its use-with oxygen in the
blowpipe, IV. 716 —its compounds
with carbon, VI. 370—effects of food
containing, VIII. 24—electricity de¬
veloped in the combustion of, VIII.
606—arsenietted, VI. 384—carburet-
ted, 370; X. 366; XIV. 504; XV.
137 ; XVI. 184—phosphuretted, VI.
381 — selenietted, 378 —telluretted,
379 — sulphuretted, VI. 376 ; XIV.
HYD—HYP
503—specific gravity of the bicarburet
of, XII. 31.
Hydrographical Charts, XII. 110.
Hydrography, XII. 110.
Hydroida, zoophytes, XXI. 1023.
Hydroleacese, in botany, V. 121.
Hydromancy, VIII. 58.
Hydromel, XII. 110.
Hydrometer, XII. 22, 110.
Hydrometra, insect, IX. 198.
Hydromys, in zoology, XIV. 132.
Hydropeltidce, in botany, V. 96.
Hydrophanes, stone, XII. 110.
Hydrophili, insects, IX. 150.
Hydrophis, a serpent, XX. 150 — its
poison, 129.
Hydrophobia, XII. 110; XIV. 507—
in the domestic animals, XXI. 633.
Hydro-phosphoric gas, VI. 382.
Hydrophylacia, XII. 110.
Hydropbyllea;, in botany, V. 122.
Hydroporus, insect, IX. 135.
Hydroscope, XII. 110.
Hydrostatic balance, IV. 307 — press,
XII. 107 ; II. 114 ; IV. 387 ; VI. 19.
Hydrostatics, XII. 9; XVII. 568—
discoveries of Archimedes, Stevinus,
Torricelli,and Otto Guericke, I. 480—
principles of, 608—Euler on, ib.—the
theory reduced into a simple form by
Bouguer, ib.—outline of this theory,
609—investigation of the earth’s figure
from the laws of, IX. 563.
Hydrosulphocyanic acid, VI. 435.
Hydrosulphuretted hydros ulphoeyanic
acid, VI. 435.
Hydrosulphuric acid, VI. 376.
Hydrosulphurous acid, VI. 376.
Hydrothorax, XII. 110—in the do¬
mestic animals, XXL 631.
Hydrous, insect, IX. 150.
Hydruntum, XII. 110.
Hyemantes, XII. 110.
Hyetometer, XIV. 742.
Hygeia, goddess of health, XI. 179.
Hygieine, XII. 110 ; XIV. 522.
Hyginus (Cains Julius), XII. 110.
Hygrobia, insect, IX. 135.
Hygrometer, XII. Ill; XVII. 533—in¬
vention and description of, I. 649—
applications of, 650-1 ; XIV. 737—
Leslie’s, VII. 60 ; XIV. 731—its use in
meteorology, 727—its practical utility,
737—Peltier’s thermo-electric hygro¬
meter, XXI. 700.
Hygrometry, XII. HI—observations
ot Biot and Gay-Lussac in a balloon,
II. 193, 194—use of membranes in,
XVII. 598.
Hygroscope, XII. 135 ; XIV. 727, 744.
See Hygrometer.
Hyla, reptile, XIX. 155.
Hyiseus, insect, IX. 232.
Hylesinus, insect, IX. 176.
Hylohates, in zoology, XIV. 91.
Hylobius, insect, IX. 174.
Hylophagse, IX. 378.
Hylotoma, insect, IX. 217.
Hylozoists, Greek atheists, XII. 135.
Hylurgus, insect, IX. 176.
Hymen, god of marriage, XII. 135.
 , in anatomy, II. 826.
Hymeneal, XII. 135.
Hymenoptera, XII. 136; IX. 59, 215.
Hymettus, mountain, XII. 136.
Hymn, XII. 136.
Hyndford, family of, XI. 249, n. 1.
Hynnis, fish, XII. 186.
Hyodon, fish, XII. 216.
Hyoid bone, II. 781—its muscles, 794.
Hyoscyamus niger, a poison, XIV. 505.
Hypsethros, in architecture. III. 467.
Hypallage, in grammar, XII. 136.
Hypante, Greek feast, XII. 136.
Hypatia, XII. 136 ; II. 421; X. 427—
not the inventor of the araeometer,
III. 370.
Hypatius, VII. 281.
Hyper, Greek prefix, XII. 136.
Hypera, insects, IX. 173.
Hyp-erbaton, in grammar, XII. 136.
Hyperbola, XII. 137 ; VII. 238.
Hyperbole, ia rhetoric, XII. 137.
HYP—ICE
Hyperboloid, mensuration of, XIV. 576.
Hyperborean, XII. 137 ; II. 10.
Hypercatalectic verse, XII. 137.
Hypercbitic, XII. 137.
Hyperdulia, XII. 137.
Hypericineae, in botany, V. 101.
Hyperides, Greek orator, XII. 137.
Hypermnestra, XII. 138.
Hyperoodontes, in zoology, XIV. 182.
Hypersthene, a mineral, XV. 149.
Hypertrophy, XVII. 128.
Hyphen, in grammar, XII. 138.
Hypnotic, in medicine, XII. 138.
Hypo, Greek particle, XII. 138.
Hypobole, in rhetoric, XII. 138.
Hypocatharsis, XII. 188.
Hypocacstum, XII. 138.
Hypochondriac Passion, XII. 138.
Hypocist, specific gravity of, XII. 31.
Hypocorollae, in botany, V. 119.
Hypocrisy, XII. 138.
Hypoderma, in zoology, XIV. 100.
Hypogaeon, worm, XI. 222.
Hypog^um, XII. 138.
Hypogastric, XII. 138.
Hypogea, in architecture, III. 467.
; Hypoglottis, XII. 138.
Hypogynous stamens and petals, V. 41.
Hyponitrous acid, VI. 366.
Hypopetalae, in botany, V. 94.
Hypophosphorous acid, VI. 380.
Hyposcenium, XII. 138.
Hypostaminea, in botany, V. 125.
Hypostasis, XII. 138.
Hypostoma, fish, XII. 203.
Hyposulpho-arsenites, VI. 458.
Hyposulphuric acid, VI. 375.
Hyposulphurous acid, VI. 375.
Hypotheca, in civil law, XII. 138.
Hypothenuse, XII. 139; X. 433.
Hypothesis, XII. 139—the true use of,
I. 101 ; XVII. 443—in geometry, X.
433—danger of, XVII. 442.
Hypotrachelion, XII. 139; III. 467.
Hypoxidese, in botany, V. 133.
Hypoxula, reproductive organs of, V. 57.
Hypsistarii, heretics, XII. 139.
Hypulus, insect, IX. 166.
Hyrax, XIV. 151—stomach of, III. 35.
Hyrcania, XII. 139 ; XIII. 633.
Hyrcanus (John), XII. 570; XVI. 751.
Hyson-tea, XXI. 132.
Hysterical Affection, XII. 139—
anomalous forms of, XVII. 486.
Hysteron Proteron, XII. 139.
Hystrix, in zoology, XIV. 139.
Hythe, town in Kent, XII. 139.
I
I, letter of the alphabet, XII. 140.
lade, specific gravity, XII. 31.
Iambic, in ancient poetry, XII. 140.
Iambus, in prosody, XII. 140.
latroehemists, VI. 348.
Ibalia, insect, IX. 226.
Ibarra, XVIII. 798.
Ibatzas, VII. 283.
Ihera, lake, XVII. 66.
Iberia, a name of Spain, XII. 140.
 , in Asia, XII. 140—ravaged by
the Turks, VII. 284—Iberian or Geor¬
gias alphabet, II. 54 9>.
Iberians, XX. 490.
Ibis, bird, XVI. 620.
Ibrahim Aga, III. 345.
 Pacha, XXI. 64—his war against
the Wahahys, III. 345—his Greek
campaigns, VIII. 504 ; X. 749.
 , Turkish emperor, XXI. 412.
Ibycter, bird, XVI. 561.
Ibycus, Greek poet, XII. 140.
Icarus, VII. 583.
Ice, XII. 140 ; XX. 571—celerity of
sound through, II. 115—how collected
in India, VII. 59—artificial, VII. 62,
504 ; XI. 191, 196 ; VI. 263—mode
of forming it ia India, IX. 4 3 3—cause
of ifs floating, XI. 189—its elasticity,
&c., XX. 753-4—sea-ice, XVII. 519,
Icebergs, XU. 142 ; XVIL 519.
ICE-IDI
Ice-blink, XII. 141; XVII. 520,
Ice-house, XII. 141.
ICE-ISLAND, XII. 141.
Iceland, XII. 142; XVIII. 215—an¬
cient mythology of, VIII. 410—jury
trial in, XII. 650—language of, XIII.
85; XVII. 419—birds, XVI. 551-
heights of mountains, XVII. 505—vol¬
canoes, 513—geysers, XVII. 528.
 moss, V. 139; VI. 476.
• spar, XII. 148—double refrac¬
tion of, I. 514 ; XVI. 359, 453, 487
—electricity produced by pressure of,
VIII. 600.
Iceni, XII. 148.
Icennine Way, VIII. 121.
Icetas, VI. 186 ; XXI. 56, 57.
Ichneumon, insect, IX. 222—one of the
mammalia, XIV. 118.
Ichneumonides, insects, IX. 218.
Iohnography, XII. 148; III. 467.
Ichor, humour, XII. 149.
Ichthyocolla, XII. 149 ; VI. 727.
Ichthyology, XII. 151 — circulation
and respiration in fishes, II. 707—
hones, III. 1, 16—muscles of tail, 20
■—organs of smell, 21—eyes, 22, et seq.
—ears, 26—nervous system, 30, 31-
teeth, 32, 33—stomach, 36—intes¬
tines, 37-8—organs of circulation and
aeration, 39, 40—Cuvier on, VII. 571
—electricity of fishes, VIII. 572—
comparative physiology of fishes,
, XVII. 7 i 5—air-bladder, 717; XVIII.
08. See Fishes.
Ichthyophagi, or fish-eators, XII. 240;
' IX. 378 ; XVI. 68.
Ichthyosaurus, peculiarities of its bones,
III. 16—its eyes, 23.
Ichthyperia, XII. 240.
Ickenild Street, XII. 240.
Icolmkii. Seo Iona.
Iconium, in Asia Minor, XII. 240.
Iconoclastes, or image-breakers, XII.
240 ; XIII. 467; XVI. 706.
ICONOGRAPHIA, XII. 241.
Iconolatrse. See Iconoclastes.
Icononzo, natural bridge of. III. 118.
Icosahedron., in geometry, XII. 241.
Icosandria, in botany, XII. 241.
Icterus, bird, XVI. 582.
Ictides, in zoology, XIV. 107.
Ictinia, bird, XVI. 564.
Ictinus, VIII. 666.
Ida (Mount), XII. 241; VII. 582.
Idalium,promontory, XII. 242.
Ideas, XII. 242 ; XIV. 600—M. Alla-
maad’s criticism on Locke’s argument
against innate ideas, I. 107, 250—
Arnauld’s doermes, 80—Cudworth’s,
194-5—Diderot’s erroneous estimate
of Locke’s discoveries, 109-11—views
of Gassendi, 73 ; Hume, 209 ; Helve-
tius, 136; Kant, 279; Leibnitz, 123;
Locke, 109 ; Shaftesbury, 118 ; Vol¬
taire, 251—remarks concerning, 247—
Meyer’s doctrine of the materiality of,
III. 302—Plate’s notions of. III. 496 ;
XVIII. 25—Condillac’s, VII. 204, 206
—simple and complex, XIII. 434—
composition and resolution of, 437—
origin of, XIV. 601—general, or ab¬
stract, 622—physiological explanation
of, XVII. 674. See Association.
Ideal, in the fine arts, III. 645, 655.
Ideal theory, by whom first assailed, I,
80—Berkeley’s theory of idealism,
165—the object of Dr Reid to refute
it, 218. See Berkeley.
Idealist, meaning of the term as em¬
ployed in philosophy, I. 190.
Ideality, XVII. 463.
Identity, XII. 242.
  —(personal), XIV. 679—Dr But¬
ler on, I. 217—in medicatl jurispru¬
dence, XIV. 493.
Ides; XH. 242 ; VI. 4.
Idia, insect, IX. 283.
Idiocy, XII. 242—Locke on, XVIII.774,
Idiom, XH. 243 ; XIII. 64.
Idiopathy, in physic, XII. 243.
Idiosyncrasy, XH. 243.
Idiot, XII. 243.
INDEX,
81
IDL—IMA
Idleness, XII. 24 3—diseases arising from,
XIV. 509.
Idol, XII. 243.
Idolatry,XII.243; XI. 487; XVIII.3 30.
Idomeneus, XII. 243; VII. 464.
Idoteadse, Crustacea, VII. 502.
Idria, XII. 244—quicksilver mines of,
XV. 257.
Idro, lake, XII. 484 ; XIII. 469.
Idstein, in Germany, XII. 244.
Idumaea, VIII. 431.
Idyllion, XII. 244; VIII. 398.
lerax, bird, XVI. 565.
If, French island, XII. 244.
Ifshwar, Hindu town, XII. 244.
Igasuric acid, VI. 429.
Iglad, in Austria, XII. 244.
Iglesias, Sardinian city, XII. 244.
Ignatia, in botany, XII. 244.
Ignatids Loyola, XII. 244, 252.
Ignatius (St), XII. 244.
Ignis Fatuus, XII. 245; XIII. 337;
XVII. 542.
Ignition, XII. 245 — by electricity,
XXI. 677. See Combustion, Fire.
Ignobiles, XII. 245.
Ignominia, XII. 245.
Ignoramus, in law, XII. 245.
Ignorance, XII. 245.
Igor, king of Russia, XIX. 528.
Igualada, Spanish town, XII. 245.
Iguana, reptile, XIX. 144.
Iguanidie, reptiles, XIX. 141.
Ikan-sumpit, fish, XII. 180.
Ikery, Hindu town, XII. 245.
Ikhmim, antiquities at, VIII. 544.
Ila, Hay, or Islay, XII. 245.
Ilance, Swiss town, XII. 246.
Ilbessan, Turkish city, XII. 246.
Ilchester,XII. 246; XVI. 14; XX.476.
Ildefonso, Spanish town, XII. 246.
Ilerda, XII. 246.
Ileum, anatomy of the, II. 815—compa¬
rative anatomy of the, III. 38.
Ilex, tree, XII. 246 ; XVII. 786.
Ilford, town in Essex, XII. 246.
Ilfracombe, in Devon, XII. 246.
Iliac passion, XII. 246—artery, II. 820
Iliad, XII. 246. See Homer.
Ilicineas, in botany, V. 119.
Ilimsk, Russian town, XII. 246.
Ilissus, river, XII. 246 ; IV. 124.
Ilithyia, insect, IX. 253.
Ilium, or Ilion, XII. 246. See Troy,
Ilkeston, in Derbyshire, XII. 246.
Ille-Vilaine, in France, XII. 246.
Hie and Ranee, canal of, XVI. 6.
Illecebreie, in botany, V. 112.
Illecebrum, in botany, XII. 246.
Illicium, in botany, XII. 247.
Illiger (Prof.), his classification of ani¬
mals, III. 170 ; and of the mammalia,
XIV. 79,80—on birds, XVI. 550,'639.
Illimani, gold of, IV. 748—Nevada de,
XVII. 164.
Illinois, XII. 247—manufacturing ca¬
pabilities of, VII. 422, n.—canals in,
XVI. 26—state-bonds of, XXI. 479.
Illogan, in Cornwall, XII. 249.
Illuminati, XII. 249.
Illuminating of MSS., XII. 249.
Illumined, or Illuminati, XII. 250.
Illustrious, XII. 250.
Illyria (ancient), XII. 250—reduced
by Philip of Macedon, XIII. 623—war
with the Romans, XIX. 385.
 (modern), XII. 251.
Illyrian alphabet, II. 548.
Illyrius (Mathias), XII. 252.
Ilmen, lake, XIX. 565.
Ilminster, in Somerset, XII. 252.
Image, XII. 252.
Image-breakers, or Iconoelastes, XII.
240 ; XIII. 467 ; XVI. 706.
Image-worship, XII. 241, 243; XVIII.
333, 405-6.
Imaginary Quantities, XII. 253.
 Roots, XII. 253.
Imagination, XII. 253 ; XIV. 613, 629
—incorrectly identified by D’Alembert
with abstraction, I. 6—its province
narrow when compared with that of
observation and reason, 79—Addison
IMA—INA
on the pleasures of, 161—pleasures
of, mostly originate in association,
368—importance of culture of, III.
267—is the source of apparitions,
303 — its effect in curing diseases,
XIV. 5, 24—^importance of, XV. 482
—poetic, XVIII. 141—effect of civi¬
lization on, 145.
Imago, in entomology, XII. 253; IX. 88.
Imam, XII. 253.
Imaus, mountain, XII. 253 ; XI. 368.
Imbecility, XII. 253.
Imbibing, XII. 254.
Imbricated, in botany, XII. 254.
Imbro, Greek island, XII. 254.
Imbuzeiro, tree, XVII. 734.
Imilcar, VI. 185.
Imitation, XII. 254—in music, XII.
254 ; XV. 637—imitative music, 641
—in oratory, XII. 254—phrenological
faculty of, XVII. 464.
Iramaterialism, XVII. 559.
Immateriality does not imply immor¬
tality, XXI. 213.
Immediately, VIII. 10.
Immeritia, in Asia, XII. 254.
Immersion, XII. 254.
Immolation, XII. 254.
Immortal, XII. 254.
Immortality of the soul, XIV. 684; XXI.
213—only conjectured before pro¬
mulgation of Christianity, VI. 624-5
—influence of the doctrine in help¬
ing to diffuse that religion, 625 —
Clarke’s controversy with Dodwell on,
VI. 729—whether granted to brutes,
XI. 697—motive to virtue from, XV.
487 — proofs of, ib. — taught in the
ancient mysteries, 671—opinions held
respecting it by Aristotle, III. 507 ;
Plato, XVIII. 34 ; and Socrates, XX.
462.
Immunity, XII. 254.
Immutability, XII. 254.
Imola, Italian city, XII. 254.
Impact of bodies, laws of, XIV. 386.
Impannelling, in law, XII. 254.
Imparlance, in law, XII. 254.
Impeachment, XII. 254.
Impeccabiles, heretics, XII. 254.
Impeccability, XII. 254.
Impediments, in law, XII. 255.
Impenetrability, XII. 255.
Imperfect, XII. 255—Number, ib.
Imperial, XII. 255—Cities,in Germany,
ib.—Diet, ib.
Impetration, XII. 255.
Impey (Sir Elijah), V. 430,435—charges
against, 450, 455.
Importation, taxes on, XXI. 115.
Imports into the United Kingdom, VIII.
781, 783.
Imposition of hands, XII. 255; XI. 130.
Impossible, XII. 255.
Impost, in architecture, III. 468.
Impotence, or Impotency, XII. 255-
causes of, XIV. 493.
Imprecation, XII. 255.
Impregnation, XVII. 685—organs of,
II. 824—of bees, IV. 529, 532. See
Generation.
Impression, XII. 256.
Impressment of seamen, XII. 255 ; V.
483 ; IX. 21 ; XVI. 54.
Imprisonment, XII. 256 ; XIV. 512—
false imprisonment, XII. 256.
Impromptu, XII. 256.
Improbation, in law, XII. 256.
Improvvisatori, XI. 544 — female, in
Egypt, VIII. 529.
Impulsion, XII. 256—motion from, IV.
173; VIII. 345 ; XVII. 567, 571 —
explained by reaction, VIII. 387.
Impurity, XII. 256.
Imputation, XII. 256.
Imputed sin, XXI. 218, 226.
Inaccessible, XII. 256.
Inachns, VII. 692.
Inalienable, XII. 256.
Inanimate, XII. 256.
Inanition, XII. 256.
Inanity, XII. 256.
Inauguration, XII. 256.
INC—IND
Inca, insect, IX. 161.
Incas of Peru, XII. 256 ; XVII. 292, et
seq.—their government, II. 625.
Incada, port of, IV, 660.
Incameration, XII. 256.
Incandescence, XI. 192; XIII. 330.
Incantation, XII. 256—magical incan¬
tations, XIII. 680.
Incapacity, in canon law, XII. 257.
Incarnation, XII. 257.
Incarnatives, in surgery, XII. 257.
Incendiary, XII. 257. See Fire-raising.
Incense, XII. 257 ; VI. 492.
Inceptive, XII. 257.
Incest, XII. 257—spiritual, ib.
Inch, XII. 257.
Inchbald (Mrs), her novels, XIX. 346.
Inchcolm, island, XII. 257.
Inchgarvie, island, XII. 258.
Inchigeela, lake, VII. 329.
Inchkeith, island, XII. 257—lighthouse
on, IX. 766.
Inchmarnoch, V. 752.
Inchoative, XII. 258—Verbs, ib.
Incidence, XII. 258—angle of, III. 129.
Incident, XII. 258—diligence, ib.
Incineration, in chemistry, XII. 258.
Incisive, XII. 258.
Incisor teeth, in man, II. 780—in the
lower animals, III. 34.
Incle, XII. 258; X. 559.
Inclination, XII. 258.
Inclined plane, XII. 258 ; XIV. 362—
motion of bodies on, 381—for canals,
XVI. 30.
Inclosure of waste lands in England,
VIII. 764, 767.
Incognito, XII. 258.
Incombustible, XII. 258—Cloth, ib.
See Asbestos.
Income, effect of war-expenditure on
that of individuals, VII. 161—taxes
on, XXI. 106.
Income-tax, V. 487—repealed, 511.
Incommensurable, XII. 258—numbers,
259—quantities, XIII. 37.
Incompatible, XII. 259.
Incorporeal, XII. 259.
Incorruptibles, sect, XII. 259.
Incubation, XVII. 712.
Incubus, XII. 259 ; VIII. 189.
Incumbent, XII. 259.
Incurvation ofvays, XII. 259.
Indefeasible, in law, XII. 259.
Indemnity, in law, XII. 259.
Indenture, in law, XII. 259.
Independencia, XI. 19.
Independents, XII. 259—English, in
the 17th century, V. 329, el seq.
Inderabia, XII. 264 ; III. 111.
Indeterminate, XII. 264—Problems,
in algebra, II. 476.
Index, XII. 264—Expurgatorius, ib. ;
IV. 628.
India, or Hindustan, XII. 264—meta¬
physical and ethical remains of, I. 203
—British troops in, III. 620—infanti¬
cide in, 629—early history of, 685—
Mahommedan empire in, 687, 689 ;
XVII. 263 — conquered by Sultan
Baber, III. 690—rise of British power
in, 690—knowledge of the ancients
respecting, 696—commerce of, 700,
7 01—botany, V. 7 7—Were its supersti¬
tions borrowed from, or given to,
Egypt ? 181—Mr Dundas’s measure
respecting, 428—discussion in Parlia¬
ment in 1788, as to the payment of
troops sent to, 449—war with Hyder
Ali and Tippoo, 460, 462—Burmese
war, 567 ; XI. 440—cloth-manufac¬
tures, VI. 20—mode of cooling apart¬
ments and collecting ice, VII. 58, 59
—yields no tribute to Britain, 117—
British colonial possessions, 125—
effects of British dominion, ib.—trade
with Europe in the middle ages, 157—
exports from Britain to, 161—alleged
rapidity of fortune-making in, 168—
cotton-manufacture, 395 — cotton¬
wool, 405-6 — ancient temples and
idols, 696—Danish settlements, 728
—diamonds, VIII. 3—calico-printing,
IND—INF
338—emigration to, 688—method of
forming ice in, IX. 433—Alexander’s
expedition to, X. 390; XIII. 634—
monumental inscriptions in, XII. 291
— languages of, XIII. 81—-necessity
for a code of laws in, 184—libraries
in, 318—trade with London, 500—
invaded by Timour, XV. 318—coins
of, 408, 412 —inland navigation,
XVI. 3—ancient philosophy, V. 180;
XVII. 427—table-land, 503—heights
of mountains, 505—cataracts, 525—
plague in, 778 — colonized by the
Egyptians, 385 ; XVIII. 339—settle¬
ment of the Portuguese in, 465—post
to, 489 — silk-worms in, XX. 352—
suicide in, 797 —woods of, XXI. 299
•—weights and measures, 853—woo 1,
921—map of, XI. PI. 286. See East
India Company, Hindus, Bengal,
Calcutta, Clive, Hastings, Ac.
India Rubber. See Caoutchouc.
Indian, XII. 264.
 Corn. See Maize.
 Ink, XII. 280.
 Island, XII. 264.
 Ocean, currents in, XVII. 517.
Indiana, XII. 265—canals in, XVI. 26 ;
XXI. 472—state-bonds, 479.
Indianapolis, in Indiana, XII. 267.
Indication, in physic, XII. 267.
Indicative mode, XII. 267; X. 660.
Indicator, bird, XVI. 598.
Indiction, XII. 267 ; VI. 661—cycle
of, 9 ; VII. 573.
Indictment, in law, XII. 267.
Indigenous, XII. 267.
Indigestion, XII. 267—in the domestic
animals, XXI. 623. See Digestion.
Indigetes, XII. 267.
Indigo, XII. 267; XI. 380—of Bengal,
IV. 565 ; Java, XII. 529 ; Mexico,
XIV. 801—formerly raised in Am-
boyna, II. 598—colouring matter of,
VI. 485—indigo-gluten, 486—indigo-
brown, ib.—indigo-red, ifc.—indigo-
blue, 487 — reduced indigo, ib.—its
introduction as a dye-stuff, VIII. 297
constituents of, 325—its use in dyeing,
ib.—specific gravity of, XII. 31—in¬
digo test in bleaching, V. 685.
Indigotic acid, VI. 430.
Indio river, XVI. 783.
Individual, XII. 268 ; III. 161.
Individuality, faculty of, XVII. 463.
Indivisible, XII. 268.
Indivisibles, in geometry, XII. 268.
Indorsement, XII. 268 ; IX. 456, 458.
Indre, in France, XII. 268.
 and Loire, in France, XII. 268.
Indris, in zoology, XIV. 97.
Induction, XII. 269; XIII. 453—Aris¬
totle on. III. 513—a just logic, XVII.
446 — known before Socrates, XX.
464—much employed by him, 465.
 , electrical, VIII. 593.
Indulgences, XII. 269.
Indult, XII. 269.
Indulto, Spanish tax, XII. 269.
Indus, river, XII. 269 ; II. 212 ; III. 676
—passed by Alexander the Great,
XIII. 634—his voyage down the, 637,
633—navigation of the, XVI. 3—
mouths of the, XX. 361.
Indusium, in botany, V. 45.
Inebriants, XII. 270.
Inertia, XII. 270; VIII. 353 ; XVII.
569—centre of, XIV. 372—of air.
XVIII. 70.
Inescutcheon-, in heraldry, XI. 251.
In Esse, XII. 270.
Infalistacio, XII. 270.
Infallible, XII. 271—popish doctrine
of infallibility, XVIII. 405.
Infamy, in law, XII. 271.
Infancy, XII. 271; XIV. 205, 493 ;
XV. 456—pleasures of, XVIII. 54.
Infants, XII. 271—size and weight of,
11.758—skulls of, 782—instincts of,
XII. 296, 301—nursing of, XIV. 205,
509; XVI. 310—mortality of, XIV.
206. See Foetus.
Infanticide, XIV. 496 ; XVII. 462 
82
INDEX
INF—INK
sanctioned by Aristotle, III. 528—in
China, VI. 557, 587 5 Cuteh, VII. 561;
India, III. 629 ; New Holland, IV.
209 5 the South Sea Islands, III. 628 ;
Sparta, XX. 528.
Infant, in law, XII. 271.
Infante and Infanta, XII. 271.
Infantky, XII. 271. See Army.
INFATOATE, XII. 271.
Infeftment, in Scotch law, XII. 271.
Interim, sacrifices, XII. 271.
Infibulation, XII. 271.
Infidel, XII. 271.
Infidelity, XII. 271. See Atheism,
Deism.
Infinite, XII. 273—Quantities, ib.—
Series, II. 467.
Infinitesimals, XII. 273.
Infinitive mood, XII. 273 5 X. 664.
Infinity, XII. 273 5 XIV. 667.
Infirmary,XII.273—Edinburgh Royal,
VIII. 426.
Inflammability, XII. 273.
Inflammation, a disease, XVII. 127 —
treatment of, in animals, XXI. 613—
of the stomach and other organs in
cattle, 625, ef seq.
Inflatse, insects, IX. 270.
Inflation, XII. 273.
Inflection, in optics, XII. 273; XVI.
433—in grammar, XII. 273—point
of, ib.
Inflorescence, in botany, V. 40.
Influenza, in horses and dogs, XXI. 630.
Influx, definition of the word, I. 254.
Information, in law, XII. 273.
Informer, in law, XII. 273.
Infraction, XII. 274.
Infralapsarii, sect, XII. 274.
Infiila, ancient mitre, XII. 274.
Infundibulum, molluscum, XV. 349.
Infusion, in pharmacy, XII. 244.
Infusoria, III. 180—obscurity of their
origin,162—physiology of, XVII. 723.
Ingatestone, in Essex, XII. 274.
Ingelmcnster, XII. 274.
Ingenhousz (John), XII. 274—on the
composition of the atmosphere, IV.
134—on the electricity of the torpedo,
VIII. 610—his electrical machines,
643—his opposition to Mesmer, XIV. 7.
Ingenuous, XII. 275.
Ingeram, Indian town, XII. 275.
Ingesta, XII. 275.
Ingham (Hon. S. D.), experiments on
the force of steam made at his request,
XX. 588, 596.
Inglebert (St), justs of, VI. 608.
Inglewood forest, IV. 573.
Inglis (Captain), anecdote of, at the
battle of Camperdown, V. 482 ; VIII.
277, n. 1.
 Island, XII. 275.
Ingluvies, in birds, XII. 275.
Ingoldstadt, in Bavaria, XII. 275.
Ingot, XII. 275.
Ingrafting, XI. 635.
Ingrassias (J. P.), his contributions to
anatomy, II. 696.
Ingratitude, .XII. 275.
Ingress, in astronomy, XII. 276.
Ingrosser, in law, XII. 276.
Ingulphus, abbot, XII. 276.
luhabitiveness, XVII. 462.
Inheritance, XII. 276—Mosaic law of,
XV. 566—right of, XVIII. 662.
Inhibition, in law, XII. 276.
Inia, in zoology, XIV. 172.
Inistioge, Irish town, XII. 277.
Initiated, XII. 277.
Injection, XII. 277 — of vessels, in
anatomy, II. 699 ; XVII, 728—organs
capable and incapable of, II. 731—^in¬
jections for domestic animals, XXI.
614, n. 2.
Injunction, in law, XII. 277.
Ink, XII. 277—black, ib.—Indian, 289
—red, ib.; VIII. 311—blue, XII. 280-
printing, ib. ; XVIII. 560—lithogra¬
phic, XII. 280; XIII. 382—Indian,
XII. 280—sympathetic, ib. ; VII. 505
—ineffaceable, XIV. 495—China, XV.
352—inky secretion of mollusca, ib.
INL—INT
Inkle-wares, X. 559.
Inlaid work, XIV. 257.
Inland, XII. 281.
 Navigation. See Navigation.
Inleased, XII. 281.
Inmates, XII. 281.
Inn-, XII. 281—river, IV. 459.
Inns, XII. 281—of Court, ib.; XIII.
527— of Chancery, XII. 282.
Innate ideas, XII. 282; XIV. 601.
See Ideas.
Innateness of the mental faculties of
man, XVII. 456.
Innerlochy, in Inverness-shire, XII.
332—battle of, V. 327.
Inner Temple, XII. 282.
Innisfail, in Ireland, XII. 282.
Innisfallen, Lake, XII. 282.
Innishannon, Irish town, XII. 282.
Innishirkan, island, XII. 282.
Inniskilling, XII. 282 ; IX. 57, 518.
Innismurray, island, XX. 392.
Innispatrick, VIII. 234.
Innocent’s day, XII. 282.
Innocent III. (Pope), his dispute with.
King John, VIII. 721-2 — his pro¬
ceedings against the Albigenses, XII.
283.
Innuendo, in law, XII. 282.
Innuus, in zoology, XIV. 93.
Innycotta, Hindu town, XII. 282.
Ino, in fabulous history, XII. 282.
Inoa, Greek festivals, XII. 282.
Inoculation, XII. 282—for small-pox,
ib. — Condamine on, VII. 200 —its
adoption in France, X. 37 — intro¬
duced into England, XV. 424.
Inorganic bodies, II. 684.
 Chemistry, VI. 358.
Inquisition, XII. 283; XVI. 651—in¬
troduced into Portugal, XVIII. 465—
in Spain, XX. 498.
Insalivation, XVII. 627—organs of, in
brutes, III. 34. See Saliva.
Insanity—its relation to genius and the
liability to see apparitions, III. 306
—in medical jurisprudence, XIV. 494,
528— a bar to the execution of a cri¬
minal, XIV. 513—partial, XVII. 459.
See Mental Diseases, Dsemoniac.
Inscribed, in geometry, Xll. 290.
Inscriptions, XII. 290 — French Aca¬
demy of, II. 7 5—characters of abbre¬
viations in, VI. 323.
Inscrutable, in theology, XII. 293.
Insecta, XVII. 587.
Insects, IX. 59—eyes of, III. 25—in
gardens, XI. 688,n.—means of destroy¬
ing noxious, XII. 293 ; XXI. 602. See
Entomology.
Insectivora, XIV. 102—bones of. III.
7—structure of, XVII. 704.
Insessores, birds, XVI. 567.
Insinuation, XII. 295.
Insolvent, XII. 295 ; IV. 347.
Inspector, XII. 295.
Inspiration, XII. 295; XIX. 780.
Inspissating, in pharmacy, XII. 295.
Inspruck, Austrian city, XII. 295.
Installation, XII. 296.
Instalment, XII. 296.
Instant, XII. 296.
Instauration, XII. 296.
Insterburg, Prussian city, XII. 296.
Instinct, XII. 296 ; XVII. 560; I. 388
IV. 524 ;—Paley’s view of, I. 226—
weakened in animals by domestica¬
tion, III. 162—of bees, IV. 524; in¬
sects, IX. 89; pointers, XX. 309, 310 ;
plants, XXI. 587—instinctive motions,
XVII. 677.
Institutes, XII. 396 — of Justinian,
VI. 717—National Institute of France,
XII.-306; II. 70; X. 99.
Institution, XII 306.
Instrument, XII. 306.
Insuhria, Hannibal’s invasion of, VI.
197.
Insurance, XII. 397—impolicy of taxes
on, VII. 17 6—bad effects of marine,
XX. 293—average, IV. 250. See
Annuities, Life, Probability.
Insurance-Offices in London, XIII. 509.
INT—INY
Intaglios, XII. 319.
Integer, XII. 319.
Integral, XII. 319.
  Calculus, XII. 319 ; IX. 675.
Integration, problem of, I. 528.
Integuments of human body, XVII. 605.
Intelkect, XII. 319—Aristotle on, III.
507—pleasures of the, XV. 468.
Intendant, XII. 319.
Intendment, XII. 319.
Intent, in law, XII. 319.
Intention, XII. 319.
Intercalary, XII. 319.
Intercession, XII. 319; XVIII. 406.
Intercessor, XII. 319.
Intercolumniation, in architecture,
XII. 319 ; III. 468.
Intercommuning, letters of, V. 350, n.
Intercostal, XII. 319 — action of
muscles inbreathing, XVIII. 123.
Interdict, XII. 319.
Interest, XII. 319 ; XV. 393 ; XVIII.
265, n. 1—application of algebra to
calculations of, II. 473—Tables of in¬
crease of L.l at compound. III. 231-2
—calculation of, 556—on accounts
current, IV. 791—in ancient Athens,
171—impolicy of limiting the rate of,
VII. 171, 175—usury, XXI. 532.
Interference of light, XVI. 426; XVIII.
233.
Interim, XII. 328.
Interjections, in grammar, XII. 328 ;
X. 672, 682, 685.
Interlocutor, XII. 328.
Interlocutory decree, XII. 328 —
judgments, 329—order, ib.
Interlopers, XII. 329.
Interlude, XII. 329.
Intermaxillary bones of the mammalia,
III. 5.
Interment, XII. 329. See Burial.
Intermittent or intermitting fever,
XII. 331 ; XVII. 486.
Internodia, V. 33.
Interpolation, XII. 231—easy mode
of computing logarithms by, XIII.
430.
Interposition, XII. 231.
Interpreter, XII. 231.
Interregnum, XII. 231.
Interrex, XII. 231.
Interrogation, XII. 231.
Interscendent, in algebra, XII. 231.
Intersection, in mathematics, XII. 231.
Interval, XH. 231—in music, XII.
231 ; XV. 608.
Intestate, in law, XII. 332.
Intestinal worms, III. 162 ; XXI. 991.
Intestines, anatomy of the, II. 815—
functions of, XVII. 582, 631, 632—
in brutes, 702, et seq. ; III. 37—their
length in proportion to that of the
body in different animals, ib.-—mucus
of the, VI. 497—of insects, IX. 84—
obstruction of, in the domestic ani¬
mals, XXL 626. See Ichthyology,
Ornithology, &.e.
Intolerance, effects of, III. 266.
Intonation, in music, XII. 332.
Intoxication. See Drunkenness, Ine-
briants, Opium, Spirits, &e.
Intrasca, in Sardinia, XII. 332.
Intrenchment, XII. 332.
Intrigue, XII. 332.
Intrinsic, XII. 332.
Introduction, XII. 332.
Intuition, XII. 332—as a ground of
judgment, XIII. 439, 446—intuitive
evidence, XII. 332 ; XIV. 439.
Intussusceptio, disease, XXI. 626.
Inulin, VI. 476.
Inundation, XII. 332—of rivers, XVII.
525. See Deluge.
Invalid, XII. 332.
Invected, in heraldry, XII. 332.
Invective, in rhetoric, XII. 332.
Invention, XII. 332—musical, XV.
641.
Inverary, Scotch town, XII. 332.
Inverbervie, Scotch town, XII. 332.
Inveresk, XV. 647.
Inverkeithing, XII. 332.
INV—IRE
InvERLochy, in Inverness-shire, XII.
332—battle of, V. 327.
Inverness, XII. 332 —vitrified fort
near, IX. 757.
Inverness-shire, XII. 334—fisheries
of, IX. 602. See Caledonian Canal.
Inverse, Xll. 337.
Inversion, XII. 337-in style, VII. 291.
Invertebrata, characteristics of, III. 172
—their organs of smell, 21.
Inverted, in music, XII. 337.
Inverory, Scotch town, XII. 337.
Investigation, XII. 337.
Investiture, in law, XII, 337.
Invocation, XII. 337.
Invoice, XII. 337; IV. 781.
Invoice-Book, IV. 781.
Involucella, in botany, V. 40.
Involucrum, XII. 337 ; III. 96; V. 40.
Involution, in algebra, XII. 337 ; II.
433.
lo, daughter of Inachus, XII. 337.
Iodic acid, VI. 361.
Iodides, VI. 455—of antimony, 385—
arsenic, 383 — bismuth, 417—cad¬
mium, 411—carbon, 370—copper, 415
—cyanogen, 4 34—glueinum, 399—gold,
420—iron, 404—lead, 412—mercury,
418—nickel, 408—molybdenum, 390
—phosphorus, 381—platinum, 422-
potassium, 393—silver, 419—sulphur,
376—tellurium, 379—tin, 414 — zinc,
410.
Iodine, VI. 361—Sir H. Davy on, VII.
641—specific gravity of, XII. 31—poi¬
sonous quality of, XIV. 503.
 acids, VI. 432.
 acid salts, VI. 455.
lodous acid, VI. 362.
loh, Egyptian deity, VIII. 552.
Iolaia, Theban festival, XII. 337.
Iolas, son of Iphiclus, XII. 337.
lolite, XV. 156—sp, gr. of, XII. 31—
optical properties of, XVI. 494.
Ion, XII. 338.
Iona, island, XII. 338; VII. 129 ; XIX.
698, 705; XX. 470.
Ionia, in Asia Minor, XII. 339.
Ionian Islands, XII. 340—weights and
measures of, XXI. 854.
Ionic dialect, XII. 347 ; XVII. 404-
characters, 396—sect of philosophers,
XII. 347 ; XVII. 431.
 order of architecture, III. 472,
460—its origin, 416—modern Italian,
425, 451—Greek, 435, 439—Koman,
449.
Ionium Mare, XII. 347.
Ipecacuanha, alkali in, VI. 465.
Iphicrates, XII. 347 ; XXI. 196.
Iphigenia, XII. 347.
Iponomeuta, insect, IX. 253.
Ipsamboul, temple of, XVI. 296.
Ipswich, town in Suffolk, XII. 347.
Irak, Persian province, XII. 348.
Irapuato, in Mexico, XIV. 814.
Irascible, XII. 348.
Irbil, III. 3? 5.
Irbit, Russian town, XII. 348.
Ireg, Austrian town, XII. 348.
Ireland, XII. 349—history of, ib.—sta¬
tistics, 389—Royal Irish Academy,
H. 73—Irish alphabet, 550—crom¬
lechs, III. 407—bagpipe, IV. 282—
Bibles, 619—language, XIII. 86, 93;
XVII. 378,415—attempts of James I.
to civilize it, V. 307—rebellion of
1641, 319—under William and Mary,
362, et seq.—invaded by James the
Second, 363—battle of the Boyne, 363 ;
VIII. 200—treaty of Limerick, V.
364—Irish House of Lords deprived
of their right of final jurisdiction, 377
—measures in Parliament relative to,
in the reign of George the Third, V.
428, 437—Irish proceedings as to the
regency question, 454—invaded by the
French, 480 ; X. 104, 109—rebellion
in 1798, V. 484 ; XV. 451—union
with Britain proposed, V. 487 ; ef¬
fected, 493 — disturbances in 1803,
54t>—discussions on Catholic eman¬
cipation, ib., 546, 552, 559, 561, 563,
INDEX
83
IRE—[RO
573—distress and disturbances in 18 22,
V. 555 — discussions in Parliament
respecting, in 1823, 559 ; in 1824,
561; in 1825, 563—Catholic Associa¬
tion, 562, 563, 568, 574; suppressed,
576—passing of the emancipation-act,
ib. — disfranchisement of the forty
shilling freeholders, 677—repeal agi¬
tation in 1830, 580—passing of the
reform-act, 584—corn-laws of, VII.
343—agriculture, ib.— causes of the
recent improvement of, 344—influence
of the exportation of corn to Britain
from, 351—amount of the corn ex¬
ported, 360—coronach, 372—effects
of the minute division of land, 388, n.j
390 —indolence of the people, ib.—
cotton-manufacture, 415—the Earl of
Essex’s expedition to, 744—over-po¬
pulation, VIII. 688—trade with Eng¬
land, 779—shipping, 786—exchange
between Britain and, IX. 442—fishe¬
ries, 604—horses, XI. 591—rate of
interest, XII. 324 — linen manu¬
facture, XIII. 359—variation of the
needle, 734—militia, XV. 70—coal,
XIII. 222 ; XV. 245—money, XV. 400
—canals, XVI. 22—banking, XVII.
44—height of mountains, 506—-lakes,
523—police, XVIII. 252—poor-law,
367—increase of population, 411—
post office, 488, 494—prisons, 583—
the Reformation, XIX. 96—roads,299
—popery, 317—lighthouses. XX. 29
—expense of raising taxes, XXI. 99
— spirit-duties, 122—Ordnance-sur¬
vey, 360—schools, 529—woollen ma¬
nufacture of, 929—map of, vol. XII.
PI. CCCVIII-1 and CCCVIII-2. See
Grattan, Towers (Round), Dublin,
Cork, Giant’s Causeway, &c.
Ireland (New). See New Ireland.
Iken,*us (St), XII. 427.
Irene, empress, XII. 427.
Iridese, in botany, V. 133.
Iridescence, XV. 128.
Iridium, VI. 423—native, XV. 165—
salts of protoxide of, VI. 452—sp. gr.
of, XII. 31—discovery of, XXI. 180.
Iris, colours, XII. 427.
 of the eye, II. 798 ; XVII. 667,
669—in brutes. III. 24.
 , flower, culture of, XI. 683.
 , .or rainbow, XII. 427 ; XVII.
542. See Rainbow.
Irivan, IX. 360.
Irjah, Afghan town, XII. 427.
Irkoutsk, in Russia, XII. 427.
Irnerius, lectures of, XXI. 488.
Iron, in chemistry, VI. 402—in minera¬
logy, XV. 162—transmission of sound
by, II. 113—best kind for anchors,
III. 108—aqueduct-pipes of, 320 —
used for aqueducts of canals, 322 —
bridges of, 392; V. 272, 278 ; XX.
810—Mr Nicholson’s project for the
employment of iron rods in roofs, VI.
169—compounds of, 402—cast-iron,
404—salts of oxides of, 448—crystal¬
lization of ores of, VII. 517, et seq.—
—peroxide of, a mordant, VIII. 339—
protochloride and sulphate of, em¬
ployed for discharging colours, 340—
guns of, XI. 67,70—specific gravity of,
XII. 31—magnetic power of, XIII.
687, 709—attracted by magnets, 702-
effect of heat on its magnetic power,
716 — process of cutting steel with
soft iron, XIV. 457—meteoric, 712—
sparry, XV. 142—blue, 147—iron-ore,
162—native, 165—its presence in the
blood, XVII. 636—permanent expan¬
sion of cast-iron, XVIII. 755 expan¬
sion at casting, ib.—cables of, XX. 55
—ballast and tanks in ships, 56—its
influence in causing decay of timber,
273—its use for beams of ships, 289
strength of, for fastenings of ships,
296 — chemical constitution of hot-
blast iron, XX. 412—its strength, 413
—Spartan money made of, 530—its
qualities as a material for steam-en¬
gine boilers, 676, et seq*—.steam-boats
IRO—ISI
of, 691—cohesion of, 756 — turning
of, XXI. 429. See Iron-making, Iron-
mines, &c.
Iron-flint, XV. 157.
Iron-founders, diseases of, XIV. 510.
Iron-glance, XV. 162.
Iron-making, XII. 428; VI. 402 ; XV.
246; XX. 406—at Glasgow, X. 559 ;
XIII. 49. See Furnace, Smelting.
Iron-manufactures, of France, X. 182—
Ireland, XII. 405—Spain, XX. 519—
the United States, XXI. 465—anneal¬
ing of iron, III. 196—bluing, IV. 720
—bronzing, V. 589—tinning, XIII.
119—turning, XXI. 429—Carron iron¬
works, XX. 733. See Casting, Cut-
lerj', Farriery, Foundry, Gun-making,
Hardware, Steel.
Iron-mines of Bavaria, IV. 459—Brazil,
V. 199,208—Britain, XV. 245—Clack¬
mannanshire, VI. 721—Cumberland,
VII. 537—Derbyshire, 735—Devon¬
shire, 745 —England, VIII. 768 —
Europe, IX. 409—France, X. 178—-
Glamorganshire, 532—Hindustan, XI.
384—Mexico, XIV. 804—Monmouth¬
shire, XV. 418—San Paulo, XVII.
160—Roscommon, XIX. 478—Russia,
567, 576—Scotland, 749—Shropshire,
622—Staffordshire, XX. 558—Suma¬
tra, 804—Sweden, XXI. 31—Tennes¬
see, 182—the United States, 454. See
the geographical articles generally.
Iron-pyrites, in mineralogy, XV. 167.
Iron-stone, XII. 440—specific gravity of,
31—kind used in Britain for smelt¬
ing, VI. 88. See Iron-making.
Irony, XII. 445—improper in history,
X. 505—much used in conversation
by Socrates, XX. 466.
Iroquois, XII. 445—their war with the
Algonquins, II. 512—their numbers,
617—tribes comprehended by, 619.
Irradiation, XII. 445.
Irrawaddy, river, III. 676 ; IV. 240.
Irregular, XII. 445.
Irrigation, XII. 445—in Afghanistan,
II. 212—Bengal, IV. 566—Cambridge¬
shire, VI. 34—Chili, 524—China, 579
—Delhi, VII. 684—Egypt, VIII. 514,
550—the north of Italy, XII. 484 ;
XIII. 470—Norway, XVI. 265—Per¬
sia, XVII. 242.
Irritability, XII. 456 ; XVII. 132.
Irrogatio, in Roman law, XII. 457.
Irromango, island, XII. 457.
Irtish, Asiatic river, XII. 457.
Irvine, town in Ayrshire, XII. 457.
 (Dr),on heat, XI. 193, 194.
Irving (Dr David), XIII. 301, 302.
 (Washington), his Life of Colum¬
bus quoted, VII. 130, et seq.
Irwan, IX. 360.
Irwell, river, XIII. 50—aqueduct over
the, III. 322—its navigation, XVI. 16.
Isaac, Jewish patriarch, XII. 458.
Isabella and Ferdinand, XX. 498.
 II. of Spain, XX. 511.
IsiEus, XII. 458—oratory of, XIX. 215.
Isagoras, IV. 149.
Isaiah, XII. 458—style of, XVIIL 147.
Isaura and Isauria, XII. 458.
Isca Dumniorum, XII. 458.
Isca Silurum, XII. 458.
Ischalis, in ancient Britain, XII. 458.
Ischia, island, XII. 458 ; XV. 699.
Ischuria, a disease, XII. 458.
Iselastics, ancient games, XII. 458.
Iselworth, in Middlesex, XII. 458.
Isenberg, in Hesse Cassel, XII. 458.
Iseo, lake, XII. 484 ; XIII. 469.
Iser, river, IV. 459.
Isere, in France, XII. 458.
Iserine, specific gravity of, XII. 32.
Iserlon, Prussian city, XII. 459.
Ish, in Scotch law, XII. 459.
Ishmael, III. 340.
IsiA, Roman feasts, XII. 459.
Isiac Table, XII. 459.
Isiaci, ancient priests, XII. 459.
Isidorus Damiatensis, XII. 459.
 of Miletus, his plan for support¬
ing the dome of the church of St So-
ISI—ITA
phia at Constantinople, III. 380,
389.
Isinglass, XII. 149—its use in clarify¬
ing, VI. 727.
Isis, Egyptian deity, XII. 459 ; VIII.
552 ; V. 620 ; XI. 320 ; XV. 659—
mysteries of, 664—temple of, in the
island of Philse, VIII. 530.
 , English river, XII. 459.
Isjum, Russian city, XII. 459.
Isla de la Gente Hermoga, XII. 459.
 de Leon, Spanish city, XII. 460.
 , Scotch river, IX. 745.
 , or Ha, island, XII. 245.
Islam, XII. 460. See Mahommedanism.
Islamabad, in Bengal, XII. 460.
Islamnaguk, Hindu town, XII. 460.
Islampoor, Hindu town, XII. 460.
Island, XII. 460 ; X. 407—emergence
of volcanic islands, IV. 264—climate
of islands, VI. 763.
Isle, French city, XII. 460.
Isle of France. See Mauritius.
Isle river navigation, XVI. 6.
Islebians, heretics, XII. 460.
Islington, in Middlesex, XII. 460.
Ismaelites, XII. 460.
Ismail, Russian town, XII. 460.
Ismarus, Thracian town, XII. 460.
Ismid, in Asia Minor, XII. 460.
Ismik, in Asia Minor, XII. 460.
Isocardia, in conchology, XV. 342.
Isochronal, XII. 461—line, ib.
Isocrates, XII. 461; XX. 461—oratory
of, XIX. 215.
Isoperimetrical Figures, XII. 461;
XIV. 320—Bernouilli’s problem of,
IV. 591.
Isopoda, Crustacea, VII. 502.
Isosceles Triangle, XII. 461.
Isothermal lines, XI. 197, 371, 377—
Humboldt on, VI. 764.
Ispahan, Persian city, XII. 461.
Ispira, Turkish town, XII. 463.
Israel, a name of Jacob, XII. 463.
Israelites, XII. 463. See Jews.
Issachar, in Palestine, XII. 463.
Issengeaux, in France, XII. 463.
Issin, Persian town, XII. 463.
Issoire, in France, XII. 463.
Issoudun, in France, XII. 463.
Issue, in law, XII. 463.
Issurdu, Hindu town, XII. 463.
Issus, XII. 463—battle of, XIII. 632.
 , insect, IX. 203.
IstakhAR, in Persia, XII. 463.
Isthmia, Greek games, XII. 463.
Isthmus, XII. 463; X. 407.
Istiurus, reptile, XIX. 143.
Istria, in Italy, XII. 463.
Istrias (Count Capo d’), X. 750-1.
Itacolumi, II. 609 ; V. 198.
Italian language, formation of the,
XIII. 87—bibles, IV. 617.
Italians, their imaginative and reason¬
ing powers, I. 203—skulls, II. 784.
Italic character, in printing, XIV. 237.
  school of ancient philosophy,
XVII. 431.
Italica, Spanish town, XII. 463.
Italy, XII. 464—metaphysical writers
of 18th century, I. 202—early culti¬
vation of algebra in, II. 422—collec¬
tions of bon-mots, or Ana, 677—culti¬
vation of anatomy, 692, et seq.—mo¬
dern architecture of, III. 421, 423,
451, 474—pointed architecture, 422
—domestic architecture, 447—Asiatic
commerce in the middle ages, 698—
Austrian dominions, IV. 228—bo¬
tanists, V. 82 — Bonaparte’s cam¬
paigns, 479; X. 99, et seq.; XV. 715,
et seq.—effects of the French occupa¬
tion of, V. 536—Hannibal’s invasion,
VI. 196 ; XIX. 386—cotton-manufac¬
ture, VI. 420—condition at the time
of the Crusades, VII. 489—trade with
England, VIII. 779—revival of the
drama, VIII. 153 —tragedy. 157 —
libraries, XIII. 308—variation of the
needle, 734, 736—rise of commerce,
XV. 745—newspapers, XVI. 173-
birds, 551—schools of painting, 708,
ITA—JAC
728; III. 646—height of mountains,
XVII. 606—lakes, 523—the sirocco,
541—the plague, 777—poets, XVIIL
158 — political economists, 268 —
the Reformation, XIX. 95—roads, 299
religion, 316—romance, 330, 349—
sculpture, XX. 8—inferiority of wines,
XXI. 897—wine-making, 902—map
of, XII. PI. 318 and 319. See Italian,
Papal States, Rome, Naples, See.
Itamarca, island, XVII. 237.
Itaparica, island, XIX. 628.
Itata, river, VI. 523.
Itch, XII. 489—cure of, 293.
Itch-insect, XII. 489.
Itchapour, Hindu town, XII. 489.
Itchin Navigation, XVI. 14.
Itea, in botany, XII. 489.
Ithaca, island, XII. 489, 341.
Itinerary, XII. 489.
Itius Portus, XII. 489.
Iturbide, II. 639 ; XIV. 789.
Iturup, island, XII. 489.
Itys, in fabulous history, XII. 489.
Itzecuintepotzotli, XII. 489.
Itzehoe, Danish town, XII. 490.
Iulus, XII. 490—insects, XV. 652.
Iva, genus of plants, XII. 490.
Ivahah, canoe, XII. 490.
Ivan VI., reign of, XIX. 547.
 Vasilflvitch, XIX. 534.
 VasilUvitch II., XIX. 535.
Ivel, river, XL 284 — its navigation,
XVI. 14.
Iyelchester, or Ilchester, XII. 246 ;
XX. 476—canal to Langport, XVI. 14.
lyer, town in Bucks, XII. 490.
Ives (St), XII. 490.
Ivinghoe, town in Bucks, XII. 490.
Ivisa, island, XII. 490.
Ivison’s method of consuming the smoke
of furnaces, XX. 423.
Ivory, XII. 490—of different animals,
III. 32—specific gravity of, XII. 32—
tinging of, XXI. 430.
 Coast, XI. 29.
 (Sir James), his estimate of the
earth’s ellipticity, I. 661—completed
the demonstration of the earth’s
figure, ib.; IX. 551—on the orbits of
comets, VII. 139—his formula repre¬
senting law of relation between tem¬
perature and force of steam, XX. 595.
Ivry, French town, XII. 491.
Ivy, claspers of, III. 86—juice, XII. 629
— specific gravity of its gum, 32.
Ixia, genus of plants, XII. 491.
Ixion, XII. 491.
Ixodes, genus of arachnides. III. 368.
Ixora, genus of plants, XII. 491.
lxos, bird, XVI. 572.
Ix worth, town in Suffolk, XII. 491.
Izarn (M.), on meteorolites, XIV. 714.
J
Jabesh, city of Manasseh, XII. 492.
Jablonka, Austrian town, XII. 492.
Jablonski (Daniel-Ernest), XII. 492—
his Hebrew Bible, IV. 614—on Cop¬
tic, XI. 314.
 (Paul-Ernest), XII. 492.
 (Theodore), XII. 493.
Jaca, Spanish city, XII. 493.
Jacamar, bird, XVI. 594.
Jacamar-alcyon, bird, XVI. 594.
Jacamerops, bird, XVI. 594.
Jacana, bird, XVI. 627.
Jacatra, in Java, XII. 493.
Jacchus, in zoology, XIV. 96.
Jack, XII. 493.
Jackal, XIV. 116.
Jackdaw, XVI. 584.
Jackson (General) his distrust of the
American banks, XXL 475.
 (H.), on isinglass, XII. 149.
 (Mr),a vender of brewers’ drugs,
V. 252.
 (Mr), on wood-engraving, XXL
916-18
84
INDEX
JAC—JAM
Jackson, town in Mississippi, XV. 300.
 (Port), XXI. 712.
Jacob, Jewish patriarch, XII. 493.
 (Ben Hajim), XII. 493.
 (Ben Naphtali), XII. 493.
 (Wm.), on continental agricul¬
ture, II. 252—on the foreign corn-
trade, VII. 362, et seq.
Jacoba, XI. 710.
Jacobi of Petersburg on the art of mul¬
tiplying works of art in metal by vol¬
taic electricity, XXI. 682.
Jacobin Monks, XII. 493.
Jacobins, XII. 493 ; VIII. 108; X. 49,
et seq.
Jacobina, town in Bahia, XIX. 627.
Jacobinism, X. 122.
Jacobites, XII. 493.
Jacobs on the precious metals, VII. 162.
Jacobson (Mr.), on the lethargy of rep¬
tiles, XIX. 126.
Jacobstadt, Russian town, XII. 493.
Jacobus, gold coin, XII. 493.
Jacotta, town in Cochin, XII. 493.
Jacou, bird, XVI. 605.
Jacquard-loom, XX. 193; XXI. 828.
Jacquerie (the), VI. 609.
Jacquin (Professor), V. 79.
Jactaei, Hindu town, XII. 493.
Jacuhi, river, XIX. 245.
Jaen, in Spain, XII. 493-4.
Jaffa, VIII. 486 ; XVI. 741, 757—taken
by Mahommed Bey, VIII. 487 ; by
Bonaparte, 4 90—massacre of, XV.
726, n.; XVI. 759.
Jaffierabad, Hindu town, XII. 494.
Jafna, city in Ceylon, XII. 494.
Jafnapatam, in Ceylon, XII. 494.
Jagepoor, Hindu town, XII. 494.
Jager, bird, XVI. 633.
Jagerndorf, Austrian city, XII. 494.
Jageron, Persian river, XII. 494.
Jaggard (Isaac), printer, XVIII. 554.
Juggernaut. See Juggernaut.
Jaghire, XII. 494—tenure, XL 444.
Jaghiredar, XII. 494.
Jago (Richard), poet, XII. 494.
- (St), XII. 495. See Santiago.
 (St), town in Chili, XIX. 644.
Jago-cock, XVI. 609.
Jagraam, Hindu town, XII. 495.
Jaguar, XIV. 121; XVII. 552.
Jagueer. See Jaghire.
Jagueerdar. See Jaghiredar. '
Jahde, German town, XII. 495.
Jahil, Hindu town, XII. 495.
Jahjow, Hindu village, XII. 495.
Jaillied, French tovvn, XII. 495.
Jains, a race of Hindus, XII. 495 ; XI.
32—temples of, 408.
Jaiver, Hindu town, XII. 495.
Jajarcote, Hindu town, XII. 495.
Jajghur, Hindu town, XII. 495.
Jalapa, in Mexico, XIV. 816.
Jalappin, VI. 467.
Jalemus, XII. 495.
Jalisco, Mexican state, XIV. 814.
Jaloffs, XII. 495; XX. 93.
• a MADAR, Hindu officer, XII. 495.
Jamaica, XII. 496—state of, in 1794,
V. 478—cinchona of, VI. 698—earth¬
quake in, XVII. 511—beautiful ap¬
pearance of fields of sugar-canes in,
XXL 791, n. 5.
Jamaicin, VI. 470.
Jamb, in architecture, III. 467.
Jamb-linings, in joinery, V. 689.
Jamblicus, XII. 505.
James (St), the Greater, XII. 505.
 (St), the Less, XII. 506.
 (St), French town, XII. 507.
 (St), palace of, XIII. 545.
 (St) of the Sword, XII. 506.
 I. of Scotland, XII. 506 ; XIX.
711—archery encouraged by, HI. 399.
■ II- of Scotland, XIX. 712—fond
of Edinburgh, VIII. 412.
  III. of Scotland, XIX. 714—
Edinburgh in the reign of, VIII. 412.
‘ I^r-> XIX. 717—Edinburgh in
fhe reign of, VIII. 412—large ship
built by, XX. 220.
  V., XII. 506; XIX. 720—his
JAM-JAR
knowledge of Latin, IV. 549, n. 6—
Edinburgh in the reign of, VIII. 412.
James VI. of Scotland, and I. of Eng¬
land, XII. 506; XIX. 740—his visit
to Tycho Brahe, V. 175 — taught
Latin by Geo. Buchanan, 631—Calder-
wood’s interview with, 793—his im¬
precation on the people of Edinburgh,
794—Edinburgh in the reign of, VIII.
413—his visit to that city in 1617,
ib.—University of Edinburgh founded
by, XXL 518. See the next article.
 I. of England, and VI. of Scot¬
land reign of, V. 302—character of,
309—Archbishop Abbott’s flattery of,
14—archery in his reign, III. 399
—architecture, 428—creation of baro¬
nets, IV. 404 ; VI. 613—translation of
Bible, IV. 619—his Irish policy, XII.
367—his wish for law reform, XIII.
188—his navy, XVI. 41—shipping in
his reign, XX. 222—his zeal against
witchcraft, XXI. 907. See the pre¬
ceding article.
 II. of England, his reign, V. 355
abdication, 359—expedition to Ire¬
land, 363 ; XII. 376—death, V. 366
‘ l1*8 residence in Edinburgh when
D. of York, VII. 597-8 ; VIII. 414 
was Lord High Admiral, 86—his Par¬
liament in Dublin, 237 —his Irish
policy, XII. 375—his navy, XX. 226
— naval signals first reduced to a
system by, XX. 332.
 (Capt.), voyage of, XVIII. 218.
 (G. P. R.), novels of, XIX. 349.
(Mr), notice of his mission to
Ashantee, III. 666.
 (Thomas), XII. 506.
 (Dr Robert), XII. 507.
 River, in Virginia, XXI. 658.
Jameson (George), artist, XII. 507.
Jamesonite, XV. 169 ; VI. 459.
Jamieson (Dr), on the songs of northern
nations, IV. 319 —on the Scottish
language, IX. 42—on the Scythians,
X. 619. ’
Jampol, Russian town, XII. 507.
Jamtland, in Sweden, XIL 507.
Jamtn (Amadis), poet, XIL 507.
Janeiro. See Rio Janeiro.
Jani, his character of Alex. Cunning¬
ham, VII. 546.
Janiculum, XII. 508; XIX. 425.
Janipha, in botany, V. 67.
Janizaries, XII. 508 ; III. 612; XXL
425—institution of the, 411—insur¬
rections of, 416—destruction of, 417.
Jansen (Cornelius), XII. 508.
(Zacharias), alleged inventor of
telescope, XVI. 354-5; II. 98, n. 2;
and of the microscope, XVI. 356.
Jansenists, French religious sect, XII.
508. See Predestination.
Janssen (Cornelius), painter, XII. 509.
Janssens (Victor H.), painter, XII. 509.
Jan Steen, XVI. 722.
Janthina, mollusca, XV. 348, 363.
Januaries (St), XII. 509—liquefaction
of his blood, IV. 710.
January, XIL 509—gardening opera¬
tions in, XI. 687.
Janus, XII. 510-temple of, ib.
Japan, XII. 510; XVI. 312—temples
and idols, VII. 696, 698—language,
XIII. 92 paper, XVII. 9—porcelain,
XVIII. 429, 434—serpents, XX. 133,
136—suicide, 798—weights and mea¬
sures, XXI. 853.
Japanning, XII. 522; IV. 649.
Japetus, XIL 524.
Japheth, son of Noah, XII. 524—des¬
cendants of, XVII. 356, 414.
Japydes, XIL 525.
Jaquelot (Isaac), XII. 525—on Leib¬
nitz’s theory of pre-established har¬
mony, I. 124.
Jar, XII. 525 — electrical, VIII. 568,
648.
Jaragua, gold-mines of, XVII. 158.
Jarbas, VI. 183.
Jarchi (Solomon), XIL 525.
Jardine (James), his Edinburgh water-
JAR—JEL
works, III. 321—on temperature of
Scottish lakes at different depths, VI.
749—on hydrodynamics, XIL 8.
Jardine (Sir Wm.), on the great lake-
trout, III. 142, n. 2—on birds, XVI.
553, 573.
Jardyn (Karel Du), painter, XIL 525.
Jarejahs, III. 629.
Jarensk, Russian town, XII. 525.
Jargeau, French town, XII. 525.
Jarmeritz, Austrian town, XII. 525.
Jarnac, French town, XII. 525.
Jaroslaw, XIL 525.
Jarro-war-nang, bird, XVI. 568.
Jarrol-wood of India, XXL 300, 301.
Jasher (Book of), XIL 525.
Jaslo, in Austria, XII. 526.
Jasmin, specific gravity of, XIL 31.
Jasminace®, in botany, V. 119.
Jason, XII. 526—statue of, VIII. PI. 195.
Jasper, XIL 526; XV. 157—Egyptian,
VIII. 518—specific gravity of, XII. 31.
Jasponyx, XIL 526.
Jassus, insect, IX. 204.
Jassy, Moldavian city, XII. 526.
Jastrow, Prussian city, XII. 526.
Jatrobdella, worm, XI. 225.
Jatto, in Benin, XVI. 223.
Jauer, Prussian city, XII. 526.
Jaulnay, French town, XII. 526.
Jaundice, XIL 526; XVII. 477—in
the domestic animals, XXI. 628.
Jauts, XIL 526 ; XL 395—of Beika-
neer, IV. 608—of Bhurtpore, 611.
Java, XIL 527—spiders’webs in, III.
355—commerce of, III. 701—Hindu
temple in, V. 183—extraordinary
cloud in, VII. 2—language of, XIII.
82—bats of, XIV. 99—weasels of,
110—earthquake in, XVII. 511—vol¬
canoes of, 513—upas-tree of, XVIII.
183—Valley of Death in, ib., n.—ser¬
pents of, XX. 136—weights and .mea¬
sures of, XXI. 853—map of, vol. XII.
PI. CCCVII-2.
Javan poison, XIV. 506.
Javelin, XIL 533.
Jaw-bones, in man, II. 776, 778—in the
mammalia, III. 5, 6—in birds, 12 
muscles of the, II. 794.
Jaws, tumours of the, XX. 844.
Javvhar, VIII. 478.
Jaxt, in Wirtemberg, XIL 533.
Jay (Gui Michel Le), XII. 533.
 ,bird, XVI. 584.
Jayes, Hindu town, XII. 534.
Jaynagur, Hindu town, XII. 534.
Jealousy, XII, 534—deformed persons
subject to, VII. 676.
Jean D’Angely, XIL 534.
Jean De Luz (St), XII. 534.
Jean-le-blanc, bird, XVI. 563.
Jears, XII. 534.
Jebel Assoud, IX. 530.
Jebna, in Palestine, XII. 534.
Jebus^i, XII. 534.
Jedburgh, Scotch town, XII. 534.
Jedo, Japanese city, XII. 535.
Jefferson (Thomas), XII. 535.
— , town in Missouri, XV. 304.
Jeffersonville, XII. 266—caves near, ib.
Jeffrey (Francis), Lord Jeffrey, his eulo-
gium on James Watt, XXI. 819.
Jeffreys (Sir G.), XII. 538 ; V. 356.
Jefremow, Russian city, XII. 535.
Jeghederpoor, Hindu town, XII. 539,
Jegher, wood-engraver, XXI. 917.
Jehanabad, Hindu towns, XII, 539.
Jehovah, XII. 539.
Jehungseal, Afghan town, XII. 539.
Jejunum, XII. 539 ; II. 816.
Jejurry, Hindu town, XII. 539.
Jelasir, Hindu town, XII. 539.
Jelatma, Russian city, XIL 539.
Jelez, Russian town, XII. 539.
Jelezenka, river, XIL 539.
Jelezenskaia-crepost, XII. 539.
Jelisawetgrad, XII. 539.
Jellalabad, XII. 539.
Jellalaean era, VI. 662.
Jelly, XIL 539. See Gelatine.
Jelpesh, town in Bengal, XIL 539.
Jemaleddin. Arabian author, VI. 145.
JEM—JES
Jemaulabad, XIL 539.
Jemaulnaig, XIL 539.
Jemlah, in Hindustan, XII. 539.
Jemmappes, XII. 539—battle of, V. 465;
X. 71; XVI. 123.
Jena, German city, XIL 540—battle of,
X. 143; XVIII. 684.
Jeneahgar, Hindu town, XIL 540.
Jenidsche-Bardar, XIL 540.
Jenite, specific gravity of, XII. 31.
Jenjapoor, Hindu town, XIL 540.
Jenkins (Sir Leoline), XIL 540.
Jenkinson (Charles), Earl of Liverpool,
XIII. 396—a member of the ministry
in 1806, V. 522—appointed premier,
533—struck with apoplexy, 569—on
the coinage, VII. 35—on parliamen¬
tary reform, X. 630.
Jenner (Dr), his discovery of vaccina¬
tion, XXI. 534.
Jennin, XVI. 742.
Jenny, spinning, VII. 399; XX. 537;
XXL 932—mule, VII. 402 ; XX. 541.
Jenour’s wire-cartridges, XX. 305.
Jenson (Nicholas), printer, XVIII. 548.
Jentaculum, XII. 540.
Jenyns (Soame) XII. 540.
Jeofaile, in law, XII. 541.
Jephthah, judge of Israel, XIL 541.
Jerboa, XIV. 136; XIL 541.
Jeremiah, prophet, XIL 541—his style,
XVIII. 147.
Jer-falcon, XVI. 565.
Jericho, XIL 541; XVI. 741.
Jerome (St), XII. 541—alphabet of, II.
548—on primitive presbyteries, XVIII.
525—his spiritual pride, XXI. 648—
his invectives against Vigilantius, ib.
 —- of Prague, XII. 542 ; XI. 762 ;
XXL 952.
Jeronymites, XII. 542.
Jersey, XIL 542—attacked by the Bri¬
tish in 1779, V. 409.
 (New), XII. 542. See New Jersey.
Jerusalem, XII. 544—taken by Antio-
chus, XII. 570 ; XVI. 751; by Pom-
Pey, XII. 571; XVI. 751—destroyed
by the Romans, XII. 575 ; XVI. 752;
XIX. 405—rebuilt by Hadrian, XIL
576; XIX. 408—Julian’s attempt to
rebuild the temple ; II. 580; XII. 577,
630 ; XIX. 418 ; XVI.754—taken by
the Persians, 755 ; by Omar, ib ; by
the Crusaders, ib.; by Saladin, 757;
VIII. 482—retaken by the Crusaders,
XVI. 7 58—sacked by the Kharismians,
ib.—taken by the Mamlouks, ib.—
Christian sects in, 748—temple at,
XXI. 178. See Crusades.
 Artichoke, XI. 670
Jervis (John), Earl of St Vincent, XXL
651—his naval victory, V. 480.
Jesi, Italian city, XII. 552.
Jesrotch, town in Lahore, XII. 565.
Jesse on the eel, XII. 223.
Jesselmere, in Hindustan, XIL 565.
Jesses, in falconry, XII. 552.
Jesso, island, XII. 510.
Jessop’s iron bridges, V. 279.
Jessore, in Bengal, XII. 565.
Jesting, XIL 552.
Jesuits, XII. 552—in Brazil, V. 190
et-seq.; XVIII. 458; Japan, XIL 519;
Ladrone Islands, XVIII. 361 • Para¬
guay, 143; XVII. 57; Peru,- 303—
their method of reducing the indige¬
nous Americans to a settled mode of
life, II. 626, 630—their opposition to
Pascal, IV. 387—their suppression in
France, X. 36—founder of the, XII.
244—their missions, XIX. Ill, 112
—slavery authorized by their law, XX.
382. See Jansenites, Predestination,
Garasse.
Jesuit’s bark. See Cinchona.
Jesus, XII. 557—date of his birth, VI.
655, 657—casting out of daemons by,
VII. 585—darkness during his cruci¬
fixion, 629—pictures of, XVI. 706—
person of, XXI. 224—life and teach-
ing, 225—death, 226—nature of the
benefit derived from his propitiatory
work, 226—extent of that benefit, 228
INDEX,
85
JES—JOA
— resurrection and ascension, 229.
See Christianity, Eucharist, Miracle,
Trinity.
Jesus, son of Sirach, XII. 565.
Jet, XII. 565—specific gravity of, 31.
Jet d’ Eau, XII. 565, 58, 66; XXL 799.
Jettee, in building, XII. 565.
Jetty, XIX. 285.
Jetty-head, XII. 565.
Jetzer, tragic story of, VIII. 108.
Jever, in Germany, XII. 565.
Jewel, XII. 566. See Gems.
 (-John), XII. 566.
Jewel-blocks, XII. 566.
Jews, XII. 567—history of thejS XI. 470,
et seg., 487 ; XVI. 749—in Abyssinia,
II. 62 ; ancient and modern Alexan¬
dria, 410, 412; Arabia, III. 341-2;
Austria, IV. 235; Barbary, 363-4;
Bavaria, 461 ; the Crimea, VII. 472 ;
Egypt, VIII. 521; England, 720;
Germany, X. 486; Greece, 738; In¬
dia, XI. 395; Morocco, II. 235; XV.
509 ; modern Palestine, XII. 551;
XVI. 748 ; Poland, XVIII. 212; Rus¬
sia, XIX. 558; Spain, XX. 498—their
altars, II. 566 ; III. 407—analogy of
Jewish and Mexican cosmogonies, II.
634—assisted Demetrius, III. 252—
their demonology, 297—architecture,
413—baptism, IV. 352—beard, 473-
use of bells, 545—Bible, 612—burials,
V. 712 — Babylonish captivity, VI.
130—Caraites, 132; VII. 472—the
Chinese not descended from the, VI.
549—Were they long ignorant of a
future state ? 625-6—hated the early
Christians, 629—their year and eras,
657—months, 658—circumcision, 705
—coins, VII. 31—diversity of com¬
plexion in different parts of the world,
192—house built by Henry III. for
converts, 294—weights and measures,
540; XXI. 846—dsemoniacs, VII. 584
—dancing, 613—day, 643—tributaryto
the Egyptians, VIII. 470—severities
of Ptolemy Philopater towards them,
471—their fasts, IX. 493—mode of
slaughtering animals, 722—funeral
rites, X. 258—geometry, 428—grace
before meat, 636—law as to impuri¬
ty, XII. 256 — burning of incense,
257—jubilee, 624—libraries, XIII.
287—colour, XIV. 198—Mosaic law,
XV. 564—mourning, 584—oracles,
XVI. 516—ancient art,694—passover,
XVII. Ill—patriarchs, 140—poetry,
XVIII. 146—effects of insecurity of
their property since their dispersion,
275—spread of their religion, XIX.
109—conquered by the Romans, 405
—their insurrection in Adrian’s reign,
408 — sabbath, 597—sanhedrim, 611
—Dr Spencer’s hypothesis that their
ritual was mainly borrowed from the
Egyptians, XX. 533—ancient Jews
probably acquainted with sugar, 790
—their surgery, 820,827—synagogues,
XXI. 54—tabernacle, 66—talent, 71
Talmud, ib. See Hebrew.
Jezides, XII. 584.
Jezira-ul-okab, XII. 584.
Jezrael, in Samaria, XII. 584.
Jhalawan, in Persia, XII. 584.
Jhansi, XII. 584 ; V. 705.
Jhansu-Jeung, in Thibet, XII. 584.
Jharejah Rajpoots, VII. 564.
Jhingwara, in Gujerat, XII. 584.
Jhurjhoory, in Nepaul, XII. 584.
Jhylum, Hindu river, XII. 584.
Jib and Jib-Boom, XII. 585.
Jidda, Arabian sea-port, XII. 585—
commerce of, III. 337.
Jig, X. 518.
Jigat Point, XII. 586.
Jihon. See Oxus.
Jillifrey, African town, XII. 586.
Jin. See Genii.
Jionpoor, in Hindustan, XII. 586.
Joab, Jewish general, XII. 586.
Joachimites, heretics, XII. 587.
Joag, African town, XII. 587.
Joal, African sea-port, XII. 587. I
JOA—JOI
Joan of Arc, XII. 587 ; III. 377 : X. 23.
 of Kent, VII. 446.
• (Pope), XII. 587.
Joana, town in Java, XII. 587.
Joanes, Dos, island, XII. 587.
Joao Del Rey, in Brazil, XII. 587.
Job, Book of, XII. 588—his description
of the war-horse, XI. 592.
Jobber, XII. 588.
Jobbing, XII. 588—stockjobbing, ib.
Jocelyn, family of, XI. 255, note.
Jochonan, Jewish patriarch, XVII. 141.
Jockey, XII. 588.
Jockey ship, XI. 621.
Joel, XII. 588—style of, XVIII. 47.
Joffrid, abbot of Croyland, XXI. 500.
Joghis, religious sect, XII. 588.
Jogues, Hindu eras, XII. 588.
Johanna. See Hinzouan.
Johann-Georgenstadt, XII. 589.
Johannisberg, German town, XII. 589.
John (St), the Baptist, XII. 589—death
of, III. 254.
 (St), the Evangelist, XII. 589—
Gospel of, ib.—Revelation or Apoc :
lypse of, III. 285.
 of Salisbury, XII. 589.
 XII (Pope), XII. 589.
 of Ardern, XX. 828.
 of Fordun, IX. 741.
 of Gaddesden, XX. 827.
 of Gaunt, XII. 590.
 Sobieski, of Poland, XII. 590.
 (St), river in New Brunswick,
XVI. 147, 148.
 —, king of England, VIII. 721—
his proceedings in Ireland, XII. 356
—his fleet, XX. 215.
 , emperor of the East, VII. 285.
 , king of France, X. 18.
 — I., II., III., IV., V., and VI.,
kings of Portugal, XVIII. 464, 465,
470, 471, 473.
 , king of Sweden, XXI. 16.
John’s (St), Day, XII. 590.
 Island, XII. 590.
 (ST),inNewfoundland,XII. 590;
XVI. 160.
 (St), in New Brunswick.X VI. 148.
 (St), or Prince Edward Island,
XII. 590.
 (St), W. India island, XII. 594.
Johnius, fish, XII. 176.
Johnson (Ben). See Jonson.
 (Esther), XXL 35, 38.
 (Samuel), XII. 594—his opinion
of Rochefoucauld’s maxims, I. 54—his
characters of Addison, II. 146 ; Bur-
man, V. 719; Cowley, VII. 436 ;
Denham, 718; Dryden, VIII. 224 ;
Thomson, XXI. 251 ; Warburton,
771—Boswell’s Life of, V. 28—Dr
Brocklesby’s kindness to, 586—effects
of his pension, VII. 316—on Lord
Hailes’s Annals of Scotland, 602—on
the works of Congreve, VII. 217 ;
Roscommon, XIX. 480; N. Rowe,
509—his antipathy to Milton, XV.
106, n. 2,107—on novel-writing, XVI.
290—on Ossian, 662—on pilgrimage,
XVII. 743—his Tales, XIX. 342—on
second sight, XX. 70, 71.
Johnston (Arthur), XII. 599.
 — (John), on animals, XIV. 77—
on birds, XVI. 545.
 (Cha.), novels of, XIX. 341.
Johnston’s Isle, XII. 604.
Johnstone, in Renfrewshire,XII. 604—
canal to Glasgow, IV. 260 ; XVI. 13.
 (Robert), historian, XII. 603.
Johore, Malay town, XII. 604.
Joigny, in France, XII. 604.
Joiners distinguished from carpenters,
V. 683—work of, in building, 687—
health of, XIV. 510.
Joinery, XII. 605—Roman knowledge
of. III. 419. See Roof.
Joint, XII. 618—universal, XIV. 447.
Joints of bones, II. 746, 756 ; XVII.
604, 615, et seq.; XXI. 615—of the
spine, 763 ; shoulder, elbow, wrist,
and fingers, 789 ; hip, 791; knee, 792;
ankle, ib.—surgical treatment of dis-
JOI—JOS
eases of the, XX. 834—diseases of, in
cattle, XXI. 617.
Joints, in carpentry, VI. 164.
Joint-Stock Companies, VII. 183.
Jointure, in Scotch law, XII. 618.
Joinville, French city, XII. 618.
Joinville’s Memoirs quoted, VI. 611.
Joists, XII. 618—construction of, V.
684—the strongest not that which has
the greatest quantity of timber, XX.
766—mode of forming one with the
same relative strength in all its parts,
769.
Jokagur, Hindu town, XII. 618.
Jokes, or Jests, XII. 552.
Joktan, III. 340.
Joliba, African river, II. 238.
Jolloxochitl, plant, XII. 618.
Joly on mortality at Geneva, XV. 535.
Jolyffe, his discovery of the distinction
between the lacteals and lymphatics,
II. 698, 728.
Jomini (Baron), on the military charac¬
ter of the French, III. 601; Spaniards,
602 ; Russians, 608, n. 3; Piedmon¬
tese, 612 ; and British, 621—on war,
XXI. 733, et seq.
Jonah, prophet, XII. 618.
Jonathan, son of Saul, XII. 618.
 , or Jonas Maccabseus, XII. 619.
 , son of Uziel, merits of his Tar-
gum, XXI. 80.
Jondisabour, in Chorassan, medical
school at, XX. 825-6.
Jones (Inigo), XII. 619—his architec¬
tural works, III. 428.
 (Edward Thomas), on book-keep¬
ing, IV. 776, 788.
 (Rev. H. L.), on the statistics of
the universities of Oxford, Cambridge,
and Dublin, XXL 506.
  (John Gale), V. 528.
 (Sir John), on sieges, IX. 777.
 (Paul), his predatory expeditions,
V. 416, n.
 (Mr),onamaterialether,XV.575.
 (Richard R.), linguist, XIX. 476.
 (Thos.), his optigraph, VI. 38.
 (Sir William), XII. 620—his
reply to, and character of, Anquetil du
Perron, III. 237—on the Asiatic races,
691—his botanical labours, V. 78—on
the Hindu origin of chess, VI. 518 ;
and of the Chinese, 549—his character
of Lord Ashburton, VIII. 283—on the
native equality of human minds, 439,
n.—on Brahminism, XVIII. 341—on
the Hindu god Rama, XIX. 197.
Jones’s hydrometer, XII. 23.
Jonk, or Junk, XII. 621.
Jonkoping, Swedish province, XII. 621.
Jonsac, in France, XII. 621.
Jonson (Ben), XII. 594 — on Lord
Bacon’s forensic eloquence, I. 239—
his connection with Bacon, ib.—his
merits as a dramatist, VIII. 168—his
visit to Drummond, 211—poetry of,
XVIII. 170.
Jooria, Hindu sea-port, XII. 621.
Joppa, or Jaffa. See Jaffa.
 , insect, IX. 222.
Jor, in Hebrew, XII. 621.
Jordaens, painter, XVI. 722.
Jordan, river, XII. 621; XVI. 744—
plain of, 745.
Jordano (Lucca), painter, XII. 621.
Jorjan, Persian town, XII. 622.
Jornandes, X. 619.
Jortin (Dr), XX. 813—on the style of
Erasmus, IX. 358.
Jorulla, an American volcano, I. 614 ;
XIV. 797; XVII. 514.
Joseph, son of Jacob, XII. 622.
 I. of Portugal, XVIII. 471.
  II. of Austria, IV. 221—his
plan for exchanging the Austrian Ne¬
therlands for Bavaria, V. 437—his
government of Belgium, XVI. 122.
 the Blind, his Targum, XXI. 80.
Josephine, empress of France, character
of, XV. 714, n.
Josephus, Jewish historian, XII. 622—
his reference to Christ, 560.
JOS—JUL
Joshua, XII. 622, 567.
Josiah, king of Judah, XII. 622.
Josselin, French town, XII. 622.
Jotapata, in Galilee, XII. 622.
Joubert (General), X. 113.
Joudpoor, in Hindustan, XII. 622.
Jouge’s spinning-machine, X. 555.
Jourdan (General), X. 88, et seq.—his
campaign of 1796, V. 484.
Journal, XII. 622—in book-keeping,
ib.; IV. 779, 780, 782, 783—collectiva
entries in, 789.
 of a ship, XII. 622 ; XV. 790.
Journey, XII. 623.
Journeyman, XII. 623.
Jovellanos, IV. 112.
Joyian, Roman emperor, XII. 623; VII.
278; XIX. 418.
Jovius (Paul), historian, XII. 623.
Joy, XII. 623—death from, VIII. 212,
n. 1. See Happiness.
Juan Fernandez, XII. 623.
 de Ulloa, XII. 623.
 Blanco, XII. 623.
 (Don Jorge), his secret Report
to the Spanish Government, IV. 754
—his theory of percussion, XIV. 390.
Juba, XII. 623; XVI. 309.
Jubilee, XII. 624.
Judah, XII. 624.
 Hakkadosh, rabbi, XII. 624.
Judaism, XII. 625. See Jews.
Judas Maccabeus, XII. 625.
Jude (St), XII. 625—epistle of, ib.
Judea, XII. 625; XVI. 739.
Judenburg, in Austria, XII. 625.
Judex (Matthew), XII. 625.
Judge, XII. 625, 647.
Judges (Jewish), XII. 625—Book of, ib.
 (Select), in Rome, XII. 625.
Judgment, in logic, XII. 625; XIII.
439—necessary in the character of a
poet, XVIII. 143.
  , in law, XII. 625—views of the
Mahommedans respecting the final
judgment of mankind, XIV. 35.
Judicature, XII. 626.
Judicia Centumviralia, XII. 626.
Judicial combat, VI. 601; VII. 135;
XVI. 520.
Judicium Calumnise, XII. 626—Dei—
Parium—Falsi—Prsevaricationis, ib.
Judith, XI. 534.
Jugerum, Roman measure, XII. 626.
Juggernaut, temple of, XII. 626 ; VII.
568; XI. 401.
Jugglers, XII. 627—Hindu, IV. 469.
Juglande®, in botany, V. 131.
Juglans, the walnut, XII. 627.
Jugular veins and glands, XII. 627.
Jugulares, fishes, XII. 627—their fins
and pelvis, III. 17, 18.
Jugum, Roman punishment, XII. 627.
Jugurtha, king of Numidia, XII. 627 ;
XI, 477 ; XVI. 304—his war with the
Romans, XIX. 391.
Juice, XII. 628—of plants, XXI. 574,
586. See Sap.
Juist, island, XII. 629.
Jujubes, fruit, XII. 629.
Jul, Gothic term, XII. 629.
Julamerick, in Asia, XII. 629.
Julep, in pharmacy, XII. 629.
Julia, XIX. 401.
Julian, emperor, XII. 629 ; VII. 274,
et seq.; XIX. 417—apparition seen by,
III. 296-7—his objection to the deca¬
logue, VII. 661—his attempt to re¬
build the Temple at Jerusalem, II
580; XII. 577 ; XVI. 754.
 Alps, II. 559 ; XII. 252.
 Period, XII. 630 ; VI. 9, 653.
 Era, VI. 660.
 (St), French town, XII. 630.
 (Port St), XVII. 117.
Julianus (Didius), XIX. 409.
Juliers, Prussian city, XII. 630.
Julio Romano, XII. 630.
Julius Csesar, his treatment of Cicero,
VI. 692, 693. See Csesar.
—— II. (Pope), XII. 630 ; XVI. 711.
 Vic us, XII. 630.
 Pollux, XVIII. 308.
8G
INDEX
JUL—JUS
July, XII. 630—gardening operations
in, XI. 690.
Jumbasieb River, XII. 630.
Jumna, river, XII. 630 ; XI. 375.
Junagur, Hindu town, XII. 630.
Juncagineae, in botany, V. 136.
Junceae, in botany, V. 135.
Junci Lapidei, XII. 630.
Juncture, XII. 630, 631.
Juncus, the rush, XII. 631.
June, XII. 631—gardening operations
in, XI. 689.
Junoerpoor, Hindu town, XII. 631.
Jungeypoor, in Bengal, XII. 631.
Junglebarry, in Bengal, XII. 631.
Juniper-tree, specific gravity of, XII. 32,
Junius (Adrian), XII. 631—on the in¬
vention of printing, XVIII. 541.
 (Francis), sen., XII. 631.
— (Francis), jun., XII. 631.
 Letters of, VI. 309 5 X. 220,
775, n.; XVII. 765.
Junk, XII. 621, 631.
Junkseylon, island, XII. 631.
Junnere, Hindu town, XII. 632.
Juno, pagan goddess, XII. 632.
 —, planet, IV. 29 ; III. 748.
Junoa, Hindu town, XII. 632.
Junonalia, Roman festival, XII. 632.
Junot (General), V. 524.
Junto, XII. 632.
Jupiter, pagan god, XII. 632—Greek
notions of, IV. 170—Jupiter Pluvius,
III. 266, 271, n.
•  .planet, XII. 633; IV. 31—in¬
equalities of, III. 752—variations in
its orbit, IV. 59—atmosphere of,
XVIII. 105.
 (satellites of), III. 740, 753; IV.
32, 35, 37—discovery of two by Ga¬
lileo, I. 491—Laplace’s theory of their
motions, 670—their disturbances by
mutual action, IV. 60.
Jura, island, XII. 633—whirlpool of
Coryvreckan, near, VII. 382.
  , in France, XII. 633; XXI. 46.
Jurats, XII. 634.
Jurieii (Peter), XII. 634—his quarrel
with Bayle, IV. 467.
Jurin (James), XII. 634—on capillary
action, VI. 115.
Jurisconsult us, XII. 634,
Jurisprudence, XII. 634—Bacon on,
1. 36—Grotius on, 86—origin of law of
nature and law of nations, 89—opi¬
nions of different philosophers, 90—
good effects of alliance between law
of nature and law of nations, ib.—
third and distinct idea of, 91—abstract
code of laws unphilosophical, 93—
reasons why the Roman law ought to
be taken as our groundwork, ib.—
Bentham’s writings on, 378—medical,
XIV. 490, 528. See Law, Medical
Jurisprudence.
Jury, XII. 649—in England, IX. 32—
in France, X. 218—Smellie on, XX.
403.
Jury Court, in Edinburgh, VIII. 418.
Jury Trial, XII. 649. See Probability,
XVIII. 616.
Jus deliberandi, XII. 652—devolutum
—mariti—relictae—preventionis—ci¬
vile— civitatis — honorarium — ima-
ginis, ib.—Papirianum, 653—trium
liberorum, ib.
Jussieu (A. L. de), XII. 653—his bo¬
tanical labours, V. 86, 91—his classi¬
fication of plants, 92.
  (Bernard de), XII. 653—his
botanical labours, V. 86, 90—on ani¬
mal magnetism, XIV. 19.
Just, or Joust, XII. 654.
 (St), in Cornwall, XII. 654.
Justice, XII. 654—circumstances which
distinguish it from other virtues, I.
87—the rules of, not enumerated by
the ancient philosophers, ib.—origin
of the sense of, 367—Aristotle on,
III. 521 — why less esteemed than
courage, VIII. 28. See Ethical Phi¬
losophy, Virtue.
*  ofthe Peace, XII. 654.
JUS—KAM
Justice-Clerk of Scotland, XII. 654.
Justiciar, or Justice-General of Scot¬
land, XII. 654; XIX. 753.
Justiciary Court, in Scotland, XIX.
758 ; VIII. 418.
Justification, XII. 655 ; XXI. 230.
Justin Martyr, XII. 656.
 , Roman emperor, VII. 281.
Justina, II. 601, 602.
Justinian, Roman emperor, XII. 656 ;
VII. 281 —aqueduct of, III. 319—
code of, VI. 716 ; VII. 16 ; XIII. 182.
Justiniani (Augustin), XII. 656.
 (St Lawrence), XII. 656.
Justinus, Latin historian, XII. 656.
Justness, XII. 657.
Juterbock, Prussian city, XII. 657.
Jutland, XII. 657; VII. 725.
Juvenalis (Decimus), satirist, XII.
657—poetry of, XVIII. 154—French
translation by Dussaulx, VIII. 292.
Juvencus (Caius Vecticus Aquilinus),
poet, XII. 657.
Juventas, goddess, XII. 657.
Juxon (Dr William), XII. 657 V. 333.
K
K, letter of the alphabet, XII. 658.
Kaaba of Mecca, V. 762 ; XIV. 535.
Kaarta, in Africa, XII. 658.
Kabania, Russian fortress, XII. 658.
Kabanoua, Russian fortress, XII. 658.
Kabarda, in Asia, XII. 658.
Kaboo, XX. 94.
Kabour, river in Asia, XII. 658.
Kabronang island, XII. 658.
Kacho, V. 768.
Kachtan, in Arabia, XII. 658.
Kadesii, or Kadesh-barnea, XII. 658.
Kadirgunge, Hindu town, XII. 658.
Ka dmon-ei, an ancient people of Pales¬
tine, XII. 658.
Kadom, Russian city, XII. 658.
K.affa, XII. 659. See Caffa.
Kaffilar Kook, XII. 659.
Kaffraria, XII. 659.
Kafirs. See Caff res.
Kahlore, Hindu town, XII. 661.
Kaiballs, Russian people, XII. 661.
Kainsi, species of antelope, XII. 661.
Kainske, Russian town, XII. 661.
Kair, Hindu town, XII. 661.
Kairwan, African city, XII. 661.
Kaisar, in Morocco, XV. 508.
Kaiserslautern, XII. 661.
Kajaaga, in Africa, XII. 661.
Kaketi, in Asia, XII. 662.
Kakkabban, island, XII. 662.
Kakorh, Hindu town, XII. 662.
Kakreze, in Hindustan, XII. 662.
Kalamata, Greek town, XII. 662.
Kalasin, Russian city, XII. 662.
Kalatigas, river in Java, XII. 662.
Kalatoa Isle, XII. 662.
Kalbe, Prussian city, XII. 662.
Kalder Dag, in Asia Minor, XII. 662.
Kale, culture of, XI. 667.
Kaleidoscope, XII. 662.
Kalendar, XII. 669—months, ib.—as¬
tronomical, ib.—brothers, ib. See
Calendar.
Kalendarium Festum, XII. 669.
Kalends, or Calends, XII. 669 ; VI. 4 —
in church-history, XII. 670—of Ja¬
nuary, ib.
Kalhat, in Arabia, XII. 670.
Kahsch, Polish city, XII. 670.
Kali-yug, era of, VI. 664.
Kalkas, Mongol race, XII. 670.
Kalkoon Islands, XII. 670.
Kalmucks, Tartar tribe, XII. 670;
XXI. 86—skull of, II. 784.
Kalubblub, island, XII. 671.
Kaluga, in Russia, XII. 671.
Kaluschi, II. 619.
Kalw, in Bavaria, XII. 671.
Kamakura, island, XII. 671.
Kamenez, Russian city, XII. 671.
Karnes (Lord). See Home (Henry).
KAM—KAT
Kamichi, bird, XVI. 627.
Kaminiec, Russian town, XII. 671.
Kamtschatka, XII. 671.
Kan, eastern title, XII. 674; VI. 312.
Kanany Islands, XII. 674.
Kan-Choo-Foo, Chinese city, XII. 674.
Kandahar. See Candahar.
Kandern, in Germany, XII. 674.
Kangaroo, XIV. 128 ; IV. 209 ; XXI.
716—its organs of voice, III. 28—
stomach, 35—structure, XVII. 705.
 Islands, XII. 674.
Kangelang Isle, XII. 674.
Kangis, in Lapland, XIII. 112.
Kangkao, river, VII. 12.
Kangrah, in Hindustan, XII. 674.
Kanijee, Hindu town, XII. 674.
Kankho, Chinese river, XII. 674.
Kannstadt,mineral springs of, XXI. 946.
Kano, II. 237; XI. 709.
Kanoge, Hindu town, XII. 674.
Kant (Immanuel), XII. 675—his Cri¬
tique of Pure Reason, and idea an¬
nexed to the title, I. 189, et seq.—
identity of his doctrine with that of
Cudwcrth, 43, 191,194-5—on Hume’s
theory of causation, 193—his claims
to originality ill-founded, 194—on
general ideas not derived from ex¬
perience, 279—his argument for free
will, 196—his principle called practi¬
cal reason, 197, 413—the impression
which his great work made in Ger¬
many accounted for by Reinhold, 198
—decline of his system, 199—schools
which have emanated from it, 200—
its opponents, 201—evil which has
arisen from his writings, 283—his
ethical system framed to support ill-
founded principles, 412—the perform¬
ance of duty the chief end of man in
his system, ib.—philosophy of, IX. 534.
Kantcheou, Chinese town, XII. 679.
Kao, island, XII. 679.
Kaolin, XII. 679 ; XVIII. 429, et seq.
Kaoming-Sze, XII. 679.
Kaotcheoufou, XII. 679.
Kapini, island, XII. 679.
Kapuvar, Austrian town, XII. 679.
Kara, sea of, XIX. 566.
Karah, Hindu towm, XII. 679.
Karaites, VI. 132 ; VII. 472.
Karak, island, XII. 679.
Karakalpacs of Tartary, XII. 679.
Karakita, island, XII. 679.
Karamazin, XIX. 584.
Karang Sambong, XII. 679.
Karasjee, Hindu town, XII. 679.
Karasubasar, XII. 679.
Karatschew, Russian city, XII. 679.
Kardanah, river, XII. 679.
Kargapol, Russian city, XII. 679.
Kargauw, Hindu town, XII. 679.
Karical, Hindu town, XII. 679.
Karle, in law, XII. 680.
Karlsbad, watering place in Bohemia,
XII. 680 ; VI. 144.
Karlstadt, XII. 680 ; VI. 145.
Karnac, in Egypt, XII. 680—temple at,
III. 410 ; VIII. 541.
Karnata, in Hindustan, XII. 680.
Karoon, Persian river, XII. 680.
Karouly, Hindu town, XII. 680.
Karpoot, in Asia, XII. 680.
Karrakorum, III. 697.
Kars, Turkish city, XII. 680.
Kartan Islands, XII. 681.
Kartuel, in Georgia, XII. 681.
Karuku, island, XII. 681.
Kasan, in Russia, XII. 681; XIX. 535.
Kaschin, Russian city, XII. 681.
Kashan, VI. 212.
Kashef (Ibrahim), his voyage up the
Nile, XVI. 225.
Kashgar, III. 699 ; XXI. 86.
Kashna, XI. 710. '
Kasimow, Russian city, XII. 681.
Kaskaskia, in Illinois, XII. 248.
Kasmark, in Hungary, XII. 682.
Kasson. See Kaarta.
Katagum, XI. 709.
Katchins, Asiatic tribe, XII. 682.
Kater (Captain), his pendulum, I. 660 ;
KAT—KEL
XXI. 842—his hygrometer, XII. 112
—on artificial magnets, XIII. 763—
on the needle, 764—his azimuth-com¬
pass, 765—his method of measuring
the intensity of gravity by the pendu¬
lum, XVII. 194—his remeasurement
of General Roy’s triangles, XXI. 354,
361.
Katerly, in Asia Minor, XII. 682.
Katrine (Loch), XIX. 748—its tempera^
ture at different depths, VI. 749.
Kattegatte, XII. 682 ; IV. 324, et seq.
Katwyk, Dutch town, XII. 682.
Kaufbeuern, in Bavaria, XII. 682.
Kaukehmen, in Prussia, XII. 682.
Kaurzim, in Austria, XII. 682.
Kawschani, Russian town, XII. 682.
Kaushkhaur, river, II. 212.
Kawuck, Afghan town, XII. 682.
Kaye (Dr), on the miracles of the early
Christians, VI. 627.
Kaye’s Island, XII. 682.
Kayns, Asiatic tribe, XII. 682.
Kayor, African kingdom, XII. 682.
Kazameen, town in Asia, XII. 683.
Kazan, XII. 681; XIX. 535.
Kazeroon, Persian town, XII. 683.
Keadby and Stainforth Canal, XVI. 19.
Kean (Edmund), tragedian, XII. 683.
Keate (George), XII. 683.
Keats, poetry of, XVIII. 144.
Kebban Dag, mountains, XII. 684.
Kebla, XII. 684.
Kebt, ruins at, VIII. 542.
Kecho, V. 768.
Kecskemet, Austrian town, XII. 684.
Kedar, XII. 684.
Kedarnath, XII. 684.
Kedes, city of Naphtali, XII. 684.
Kedge, anchor, XII. 684.
Kedgeree, town in Bengal, XII. 684.
Kedlestone Park, VII. 735.
 , sulphureous spring at, VII. 736.
Kedron, XII. 684.
Keil, XII. 684-—Lang’s safety-keel,
XX. 285.
Keel-Hauling, a punishment,XII. 684.
Keel-bird, XVI. 599.
Keelan Isle, XII. 684.
Keelson, XII. 684 ; XX. 284.
Keema-Kedan, islands, XII. 684.
Keen, river, XII. 684.
Keene, in New Hampshire, XVI. 165.
Keeper of the Great Seal, XII. 684—
of the Privy Seal, ib.
Keeping, in painting, XII. 684 ; XVII.
286.
Keferstein on the number of species of
animals, XVII. 549.
Keffekil, specific gravity of, XII. 32.
Keffing, island, XII. 684.
Kefil, village, XII. 685.
Keft, ruins at, VIII. 542.
Kegworth, in Leicester, XII. 685.
Kehl, town in Baden, XII. 685.
Keighley, in Yorkshire, XII. 685.
Keill (John), mathematician, XII. 685
—on fluxions, IX. 633; XIV. 321 ;
XVIII. 649—his challenge to John
Bernouilli, IX. 636.
 (James), physician, XII. 685.
Keinton, battle of, V. 324.
Keir’s Lamp, XIII. 43.
Keith (J. F. E.), field-marshal, XII.
685—game invented by, VI. 519.
 (Bishop), his History of Affair*
in Scotland, XXI. 911.
Keith’s register-barometer, XVII. 530
— his self-registering thermometer,
XXL 240.
Kej, Persian town, XII. 686.
Kelat, XII. 686; IV. 557.
Kelendri, Turkish port, XII. 686.
Kelikdoni, river, XII. 686.
Kellamungullum, XII. 686.
Kellerman (General), V. 495; X. 118.
Kelly, (Hugh), XII. 686.
 (William), his spinning machi-
nery; VII. 402 ; X. 555.
Kellystown, VI. 144.
Kelp, XII. 687 ; V. 138—manufacture
of, II. 296 ; X. 566; in Clare, VI.
726 ; in Scotland, XIX. 769—prepa-
INDEX
87
KEL—KER
ration of iodine from, YI. 361 its
use in glass-making, X. 566.
Kelpooby, Hindu town, XII. 687.
Kelso, Scotch town, XII. 687.
Kelvedon, in Essex, XII. 687.
Kemaon, in Hindustan, XII. 688.
Kemble (John Philip), XII. 689.
Kempelen (M. de),his automaton chess¬
player, III. 124.
Kempen, Prussian town, XII. 690.
Kempenfelt (Admiral), V. 422.
Kempis (Thomas a), XII. 690.
Kempten, in Bavaria, XII. 690.
Ken (Thomas), bishop, XII. 690.
 , island, XII. 691.
 , loch, XIX. 748. ,
Kenany, island, XII. 691.
Kendal, XII. 691—woollen manufac¬
tures of, XXI. 864, 926.
Kenilworth, in Warwick, XII. 691.
Kenmare, river, VII. 330.
Kennedy (James), XXI. 509.
  (Walter), his “ ply ting” with
Dunbar, VIII. 274.
Kenneh, VIII. 542.
Kennel, XII. 691.
Kenneri, caverns in Salsette, near
Bombay, XII. 691.
Kennet (Basil), XII. 692.
 (White), XII. 691.
 and Avon canal, XVI. 14.
 river navigation, XVI. 15.
Kenneth Macalpine, XIX. 698.
Kennicott (Dr Benjamin), XII. 692—
XI. 564—on Hebrew bibles, IV. 613
—his edition of the Hebrew hible, 614.
Kennington, in Surrey, XII. 693.
Kenrick (William), XII. 693.
Kensington, XII. 693—Palace, XIII.
541—Canal, XVI. 15.
Kent, XII. 693—disturbances there in
1830, V. 580—fisheries, IX. 603—
Royal Military Canal, XVI. 18—pa¬
per-making, XVII. 19.
 (Mr), his improvements in gar¬
dening, X. 322.
Kentigern (St), XII. 696.
Kentish Town, XII. 696.
Kenton, in Devonshire, XII. 696.
Kentucky, XII. 696—fossil bones in,
XV. 225—state-bonds, XXI. 479.
 river navigation, XVI. 26.
Kenwyn, in Cornwall, XII. 699.
KenzIngen, in Baden, XII. 699.
Keounsay, a town in the Burman Em¬
pire, XII 700.
Kepler (John), XII. 700—his tract on
stereometry, I. 438—introduced idea
of quantities infinitely great and small,
it*-—on circles, ib.—on inertia and
motion, 490—was the first to analyse
the structure of the eye, 509—his te¬
lescope, II. 98 ; XVI. 356—his astro¬
nomical discoveries, I. 463, 488, et
seq.'i III. 739—his problem to deter¬
mine the sun’s place in its orbit, 772—
his Three Laws, I. 463; IV. 22; XVII.
438—on attraction, I. 558; IV. 174
—on the cometary orbits, VII. 137—
on infinites, IX. 631—on geometry,
X. 430—on optics, XIII. 329; XVI.
357—on logarithms, XIII. 418—on
the tides, XXI. 260.
Keppel (Admiral), V. 386, 405—his dis¬
pute with Sir Hugh Palliser, 407—
his trial and acquittal, 408—cause of
the unsuccessful result of.his engage¬
ment, XXI. 141.
■ Bay, XII. 700.
Kerah, Persian river, XII. 701.
Kerate, in mineralogy, XV. 144.
Kerbela, XII. 701.
Kerckringius, anatomist, II. 700.
Kercolang, island, XII. 701.
Keresoun, Turkish port, XII. 701.
Kerguelen’s Land, XII. 701; IV. 217.
Keri-cetib, XII. 701.
Kerinja, Hindu town, XII. 701.
Kerka, river, VII. 595.
Kerkook, Turkish town, XII. 701.
Kermanshaw, in Persia, XII. 701.
Kermes, insect, XII. 701—mineral, ib.
—red dye-stuff, VIII. 308.
m
KER—KIE
Kern, or Kerne, XII. 701.
Kernels, or lymphatic glands, II. 730.
Kerona, genus of animalcules, III. 190.
Kerrey, in Montgomery, XII. 702.
Kerry, Irish county, XII. 702—effects
of the cottage-system in, VII. 390.
Kersey, woollen cloth, XII. 705.
Kersseboom on the rate of mortality in
Holland, XV. 514, 544.
Kertche, IV. 661.
Kertsh, VII. 473.
Kesch, or Kech, XII. 705.
Kesitah, XII. 705.
Kesmark, Austrian city, XII. 705.
Kestrel, or Kestril, bird, XII. 705 ;
XVI. 565.
Keswick, XII. 705—lake, VII. 537.
Keszthely, Austrian town, XII. 705.
Ketch, vessel, XII. 705.
Ketch-Hissar, in Asia Minor, XII. 705.
Ketchluk, in Asia Minor, XII. 705.
Ketee, Hindu town, XII. 705.
Kethule (Francis de), XVI. 108.
Ketoie, island, XII. 705.
Kettering, XII. 706.
Kettle, battery of mortars, XII. 706.
Kettle-Drums, XII. 706 ; VIII. 210 ;
XV. 617.
Kettle-Drummer, XII. 706.
Ketupa, bird, XVI. 566.
Kevels, in ship-building, XII. 706.
Kevern (St), in Cornwall, XII. 706.
Kew, in Surrey, XII. 706—gardens at,
II. 368—Alton’s Hortus Kewcnsis,
VIII. 221.
Key, XII. 706—in music,ib.; XV.610.
Key-stone, XII. 706.
Key’s Isles, XII. 706.
Keydee, Hindu town, XII. 706.
Keynsham, in Somerset, XII. 706.
Keysler (John George), XII. 706.
Khaled, III, 342.
Khalif, VI. 23.
Khamsin wind, XVII. 541.
Khan, title, VI. 312 ; XII. 674.
 , inn, VI. 79.
Khanakee, XII. 707.
Khandesh, in Hindustan, XII. 707.
Kharismians, their invasion of Palestine,
XVI. 758.
Kharkow, or Kharkof, Russian city,
XII. 707—university of, XIX. 557.
Kharshoot, Turkish river, XII. 707.
Khasgunge, Hindu town, XII. 707.
Khatanga, Siberian river, XII. 707.
Khauar, Persian town, XII. 707.
Kheish, in Buckhara, V. 696.
Khemlasa, Hindu town, XII. 707.
Kheroo, in Tibet, XII. 707.
Khillis, Syrian town, XII. 707.
Khoee, Persian town, XII. 707.
Khojahwooban, ruins of, V. 698.
Khooshgal, XII. 707.
Khorassan, in Persia, XII. 707.
Khozdar, XII. 708.
Khyrabad, XII. 708.
Khyrpoor, Hindu town, XII. 709.
Khyvah, XII. 709 ; XXI. 83—Russian
commerce with, 85.
Kiahing Fou, Chinese town, XII. 709.
Kiakhta, XII. 709—commerce of, VI.
581 ; XIX. 588.
Kiama, African town, XII. 709.
Kiangnan, in China, XII. 709.
Kiangsee, in China, XII. 709.
Kibban, in Koordistan, XII. 709.
Kidd (Dr), on the brain, XIV. 582.
Kidder (Richard), bishop, XII. 709.
Kidderminster, XII. 710.
 Carpets, VI. 173.
Kiddle, XII. 710.
Kidnapping, XII. 710.
Kidneys of man, II. 822—of brutes, III.
40 ; XVII. 702, et seq.—latent disease
of, 479, 482—difficulty of diagnosis
of affections of, 488—function of, 655
—worms in, XXI. 997.
Kidney-bean, evolution of. III. 80—
culture of, XI. 669.
Kidwelley, XII. 710 ; V. 771.
Kief, XIX. 527, et seq.
Kiel, Danish city, XII. 710—canal of,
VII. 727 ; XVI. 4.
KIE—KIN
Kielce, Polish city, XII. 710.
Kiernan (Mr), on the hepatic circula¬
tion, XVII. 650.
Kieser (Monsieur), on vegetable ana¬
tomy, III. 45, et seq.
Kiew, in Russia, XII. 710.
Kilbagie distillery, VI. 721.
Kilda (St), island, XII. 711.
Kildare, Irish county, XII. 711.
Kildare Place Society, XII. 425.
Kilderkin, measure, XII. 714.
Kildrought, VI. 273.
Kilfenora, VI. 724.
Kilgerran, a town in Pembrokeshire,
XII. 714.
Kilia-nova, IV. 660.
Kilkary, Hindu town, XII. 714.
Kilkenny, XII. 714—coal, VI. 444-
statute of, XII. 358.
Killala, Irish town, XII. 717.
Killaloe, town in the county of Clare,
XII. 717 ; VI. 724.
Killarney, Irish town, XII. 717, 705
—lakes of, 702.
Killicrankie, XII. 717; IV. 672 —
battle of, V. 362; XII. 718.
Killigrew (Anne), XII. 719.
 (Thomas), XII. 719.
 (William), XII. 718.
Killough, Irish village, XII. 719.
Kilmallock, XII. 719; XIII. 350—
battle of, XII. 364.
Kilmarnock, in Ayrshire, XII. 719.
Kilmore, bishopric of, VI. 255.
Kiln, XII. 719; XVIII. 129—maltster’s,
V. 236—brickmaker’s, 261—steam-
kiln, XX. 607.
Kilrush, VI. 726, 727.
Kilsyth, XII. 719—battle of, V. 328.
Kilwarden (Lord), V 545.
Kilwinning, town in Ayrshire, XII.
720—freemasons of, XIV. 283.
Kimbolton, in Huntingdon, XII. 720.
Kimchi (David), rabbi, XII. 720.
Kimedy, Hindu town, XII. 720.
Kinatoor, Hindu town, XII. 720.
Kinburn, IV. 660.
Kincardine, Scotch town, XII. 723—
moss of, II. 313.
Kincardineshire, XII. 720—sheep, II.
330—fisheries, IX. 601.
Kindred, XII. 723 ; VII. 265.
Kineton, in Warwickshire, XII. 723.
King, XII. 723—allegiance to, 519—
doctrine of divine right of, V. 632—
prerogative of, XVIII. 518. See Mo¬
narchy.
 at arms, &c. XII. 724.
 (Gregory), on .human mortality,
XV. 514.
 (Dr John), bishop, XII. 725.
——— (Mr), on the antiquity of the
arch, V, 269.
 (Dr Wm.), an English writer of'
the 17th century, XII. 725.
 (Dr Wm.), archbishop of Dublin,
XII. 725—his work on the Origin of
Evil, I. 170.
 (Dr Wm.), principal of St Mary’s
Hall, Oxford, XII. 726 ; XXL 779.
 (Peter), XII. 726.
King’s Advocate, or Lord Advocate,
XII. 724; II. 168.
 Bench (Court of), IV, 561.
 County, XII. 726.
King-of-the-herrings, fish, XII. 189.
King-bird, XVI. 569.
King-fish, XII. 189.
King-fisher, bird, XVI. 592.
Kingdom, in natural history, XV. 739.
Kinghorn, town in Fife, XII. 728—
ferry of, 729 ; IX, 767.
Kingsbbidge, in Devon, XII. 729.
Kingsbury, in Somerset, XII. 729.
Kingsclere, in Hants, XII. 729.
KiNG’s-LANGLEY,in Hertford, XII, 729.
King’s-Norton, in Worcester, XII. 729.
Kingstanley, in Gloucester, XII. 729.
King’s-Teignton, in Devon, XII. 729.
Kingston, in Upper Canada, XII. 729;
VI. 65—in Jamaica, XII. 500—in Sur¬
rey, 729.
Kingston-upon-Hull, See Hull.
KIN—KLI
Kingstown, near Dublin, VIII. 234-
regatta, 235.
Kingswinton, in Stafford, XII. 729.
Kington, in Hereford, XII. 730.
Kinic acid, VI. 430.
Kinkajou, in zoology, XIV. 107.
Kinkina, specific gravity of, XII. 82.
Kinnersley on electricity, VIII. 571 
his electrical air-thermometer, 662.
Kinnihurgh (Robert), VII. 657.
Kinross-shire, XII. 730.
Kinsale, Irish town, XII. 731, 377.
Kinzig, in Baden, XII. 731.
Kippis (Andrew), XII. 731—on Lard-
ner’s Credibility, XIII. 114.
Kirby on the number seven, III. 178—
on the orders of Arachnida, 350—on
entomology, IX. 66, et seq.—on intes-
tinal worms, XXI. 994—on the Echini-
dans, 1004.
  — and Spence, their defence of en¬
tomology from the charge of cruelty,
III. 164—on the insensibility of in¬
sects to pain, ib. — on the webs of
spiders, 355.
Kirby-Lonsdale, XII. 732.
Kirby-Moorside, XII. 732.
Kirby-Stephen, XII. 732.
Kircher (Athanasius), XII. 732—on
Archimedes’s burning-glasses, V. 729
—on hieroglyphics, XI. 300—on the
Egyptian language, 312—on animal
magnetism, XIV. 3—on the speaking-
trumpet, XXL 390.
Kirchheim, XII. 732.
Kirilow, Russian city, XII. 733.
Kirk, XII. 734—Kirk-session, ib.
Kirkcaldy, town in Fife, XII. 733.
Kirkdale cave, fossil hones in, XV. 223,
Kirke (Colonel), V. 357.
Kirkcudbright, Scotch county, XII.
734—town, 736.
Kirkkillissa, Turkish city, XII. 738.
Kirkwall, in Orkney, XII. 739.
Kirman, in Persia, XII. 738.
Kirnberger on harmony, XL 151.
Kirstensius (Peter), XII. 739.
Kirthipoor, Hindu town, XII. 740,
Kirtle, XII. 740.
Kirwal Hindu town, XII. 740.
Kirwan (Richard), XII. 740—his che¬
mical viewy and experiments, VI. 262,
263, 351.
 (Walter Blake), XII. 740.
Kischenaw, Russian town, Xll. 740,
Kishenagur, XII. 740, 741.
Kishengunga, river, XII. 741.
Kishlak, Persian town, XII. 741.
Kishm. island, XII. 741
Kishon, river, XVI. 742.
Kishtewar, in Hindustan, XII. 741.
Kislovodskoi, Russian fort, XTT. 711.
Kisser, island, XII. 741.
Kissing, XII. 741,
Kistnagherry, XII. 741.
Kistnah, river, XII. 741.
Kistnapatam, XII. 742.
Kit; in music, XII. 742.
Kit-Cat Club, XII, 742.
Kitchen, XII. 742, See Cookery.
Kitchen-garden, XI, 631, 667 — calen¬
dar, 687.
Kite, bird, XVI. 563, 564.
Kites, electrical, VIII. 645, 569.
Kitsingen, in Bavaria, XII. 742.
Kitt, fish, XII. 220.
Kittoor, XII. 742.
Kiun-cheu-Fou, Chinese city, XII. 742,
Kiusiu, island, XII. 510.
Kiutaiah, in Asia Minor, XII. 742.
Kiu-Tcheou-Fou, in China,"XII. 742.
Kizilbaches, XII. 742.
Kizilermak, river, XII. 742.
Kizilozien, river, XII. 742.
Kizlar, Russian town, XII. 742.
Klagenfurt, in Austria, XII. 742.
Klaproth (Martin Henry), XII. 742—
his analysis of the water of the Dead
Sea, III. 704—his chemical labours,
VI. 351 — on the relations of lan¬
guages, XIV. 204.
Klattau, in Austria, XII. 743.
Klausenburg, XII. 743.
88
INDEX,
KLE—KNO
Kleber (General), V. 489, 495 ; X. 119
—his conduct in Egypt, VIII. 492—
assassinated, ib., n. 2.
Kleinaets (Nicholas), VI. 737.
Kxeist (Edward C.J, XII. 743—his
Tales, XIX. 359.
Klin, in Russia, XII. 743.
Klincock (Dr), on the electrophorus,
VIII. 641.
Klingert’s diving-apparatus described,
VIII. 61, 62.
Klinometer, XII. 743.
Kloppenburg, XII. 744.
Klopstock, (Frederick T.), XII. 744 5
XIX. 682—poetry of, XVItl. 167.
KlosteeneubOrg, XII. 744.
Knapsack, XII. 745.
Knaresborough, town in Yorkshire,
XII. 745.
Knave, XII. 745.
Knebelite, specific gravity of, XII. 32.
Knee, XVII. 616—disease of, in the
domestic animals, XXI. 617.
Knees, in a ship, XII. 745 5 XX. 285.
Knee-joint, II. 792.
Knee-pan, II. 790.
Kneeling, X. 385.
Kneller (Sir Godfrey), XII. 745—his
portraits, III. 652.
K.niephausen, XII. 745.
KniPe, XII. 745. See Cutlery.
Knife-grinders, diseases of, XIV. 510.
Knight, XII. 745—Knights of the Bath,
IV. 440—of Malta, XIV. 59—Tem¬
plars, XXI. 174 —- Teutonic, 189;
XVIII. 670. See Knighthood.
 (George), exploratory voyages
of, XVIII. 218.
 (Dr Gowin), his artificial mag¬
nets, XIII. 755, 760.
 (Mr), on the sap of plants, III.
65 ; XXI. 290—on the swarming of
bees, IV. 529—on the propagation of
fruit, XI. 634.
 (Payne), on the Greek alphabet,
II. 546—his theory of beauty, IV.
487, 497.
Knights in a ship, XII. 746.
Knight’s Island, XII. 746.
Knight-service, XII. 745.
Knight-errantry, VII. 496.
Knighthood, XII. 746—how conferred,
VI. 605—arms and privileges of, 6013
—different orders of, 609—degrada¬
tion from, 613—in Prussia, XVIII.
695—order of the Thistle, XXI. 244.
See Chivalry, Knight.
Knighton, in Radnor, XII. 746.
Knittel, his publication of 'Ulphilas’s
translation of the Epistle to the Ro¬
mans, XVI. 764, 766.
KnittliNgen, XII. 746.
Knoekfarril, vitrified fort on, IX. 756.
Knockmeledown mountains, XXI. 313.
Knolles (Richard), XII. 746.
Knot, bird, XVI. 624.
Knodt, a punishment, XII. 746.
Knowledge (human), division of the ob¬
jects of, by Bacon and by Locke, I.
1-3, 8—causes which combined to ac¬
celerate its progress after the revival
of letters, 16-19—its diffusion has im¬
proved the science of government, 24
—its porgress favoured by the Cru¬
sades, VII. 493—communication of,
XIII. 434—pleasures of, XV. 469—a
little not dangerous, XVlI. 589 
Plato’s opinion of, XVIII. 31.
Knowles (Sir Robert), VI. 608.
  (Admiral), his quarrel with
Smollett, XX. 427.
•—  (Mr), on the nary, XVI. 47, 48.
 (Sir Charles), on the resistance
of fluids, XIX. 174.
Knox (John), XII. 746 ; XIX. 732, et
seq.—M‘Crie’s Life of, XIII. 661.
   (Dr R.), on the herring, XII.
214—on the whale, XIV. 188.
— (Mr), of Belfast, on the colours
of double plates, XIV. 449.
 (Dr Vicesimns), on domestic en¬
joyment, VIII. 100—on religious in¬
fidelity, XII. 271.
KNO—KOU
Knoxville* in Tennessee, XXL 183.
Knuphis, Egyptian deity, VIII. 551.
Knutsford, XII. 754.
Koala, in zoology, XIV. 129.
Koch (Paul de), his novels, XIX. 355.
Kochanowski, poet, XVIII. 214.
Kocher, XI. 314.
Kodiak, island, XII. 754.
Koei-Tchoo, in China, XII. 754.
Koei-Tchoo-Fou, in China, XII. 754.
Koelin mountains, XIII. 104.
Kcelreuteria paniculata, XVII. 787.
Kcempfer (Engelbert), physician, XII.
754— his account of Japan, XII. 510,
et seq. 754.
Koenig on bees’ cells, IV. 526.
Kohcraan, in Hindustan, XII. 754.
Kohistan, XIII. 19.
Kokadn, XII. 754 ; XXL 83.
Kolin, or Kollin, Austrian city, XII.
755— battle of, XVIII. 674.
Kollberg, Prussian city, XII. 755.
Kolomea, in Austria, XII. 755.
Kolpoda, genus of animalcules, III. 188.
Kolumna, in Russia, XII. 755.
Kolyvan, in Russia, XII. 755.
Komorn, in Austria, XII. 755.
Kong, African kingdom, XII. 756.
Kong-Chang-Fou, in China, XII. 756,
KiSngsberg, mine of, VI. 750.
Kongsburg, Norwegian city, XII. 756.
Konig (George Matthias), XII. 756.
Konig’s printing-machine, XVIII. 570.
Konigberg, Hungarian city, XII. 756.
Konigingratz, in Bohemia, XII. 756.
Konigsberg, Prussian city, XII. 756;
IV. 330—trade of, XVIII. 694—uni¬
versity of, 700.
Konigslutter, German city, XII. 757.
Konigsmark (Count), siege of Athens
by, IV. 128.
Konigstein, XII. 757; XIX. 669,
Konjeur, in Hindustan, XII. 757.
Konkodoo, in Africa, XII. 757.
Koodo, African animal, II. 228.
Kookies, XII. 757 ; XI. 398.
Koolfa, II. 238.
Koom, Persian city, XII. 757,
Koontassee, Hindu town, XII. 758,
Koorankoo, in Africa, XII. 758.
Koorbah, Hindu town, XII. 758.
Kootahe, island, XII. 758.
Kopaul, Hindu town, XII. 758.
Kopys, Russian town, XII. 759.
Korah, in Hindustan, XII. 759.
Koran, II. 388 ; XIV. 31, 258—lan¬
guage of the, XVII. 369.
Kordofan, in Africa, XII. 759.
Kordos, Turkish town, XII. 759.
Koreish, Arab tribe. III. 330—dialect of
the, XVII. 368.
Korna, in Irak Arabi, XII. 759.
KorotscHa, Russian city, XII. 760.
Kosciuszko (Thaddeus), XII. 760 ; V.
464 ; XVIII. 205 ; XIX. 553.
Koselsk, Russian city, XII. 761.
Kosfeld, Prussian city, XII. 761.
Kosinski, XVIII. 199.
Koslin, in Prussia, XII, 761.
Koslow, or Kosloff, in Russia, XII.
761; IV. 661; VII. 472.
Kossacks, VII. 383; VIII. 109; XIX.
540, 587.
Kostendil, Turkish city, XtT ygy,
Koster (Laurence), XVIII. 541.
Kostroma, Russian province, XII. 761.
Koszog, in Hungary, XII. 761.
Kotbus, Prussian city, XII. 761,
Kothen, German city, XII. 761.
Koties, XL 398.
Kotoo, island, XII. 761.
Kotterus (Christopher), XII. 761.
Kottiar, in Ceylon, XII. 761.
Kottilghgr, Hindu fortress, XII. 761.
Kotzebue (A. G. F. F. Von), German
dramatist, XII. 762.
 — (Lieut.), his voyage of discovery,
XVIII. 220, 322, 329—his visit to
the Ladrone Islands, 317—on coral
islands, 329.
KouANGNAN-Fob, in China, XII. 763.
Kouangsin, Chinese city, XII. 763.
Koubcabeia, African town, XII. 763.
KOU—KUT
KoUli Khan (Thomas), XII. 763.
Kouma, Russian river, XII. 763.
Koumess, Tartar wine, XII. 763.
Koum-Ombo, antiquities at, VIII. 533.
Koumyks, Tartar tribe, XII. 763.
Kournah, palace of, VIII. 538.
Kous, antiquities at, VIII. 542.
Koutokeino, in Finmark, XIII. 112.
Kow-bird, XVI. 598.
Kowno, Russian city, XII. 763.
Kowznetzk, Russian town, XII. 763.
Kozaks. See Kossacks.
Krafft (Prof.), his experiments on the
reflection of cold, VII. 58—on magne¬
tism, XIII. 691—on mortality at Pe-
tersburgh, XV. 518.
Krailsheim, in Wirtemberg, XII. 763.
Krakatoa, island, XII. 763.
Kraken, XII. 763.
Krantz (Albert), XII. 763.
Krasnistaw, Polish town, XII. 764.
Krasnoi, battle of, X. 159.
Krasnoiarsk, Russian town, XII. 764.
Kratzenstein on evaporation, IX. 425.
Kraw, isthmus, XII. 764.
Kray (General), X. 117,
Krementschuk, XII. 764.
Kremnitz, Austrian city, XII. 764.
Krems, Austrian city, XII. 764.
Kremsier, Austrian city, XII. 764.
Krenitzin (Capt.), voyage of, II. 403.
Krestxy, Russian city, XII. 764.
Kreuz, in Austria, XII. 764.
Kreuznach, Prussian city, XII. 764.
Krishna. See Kistna.
Krocker on the skin of plants, III. 67.
Kromy, Russian town, XII. 764.
Kronos, Egyptian deity, VIII. 552.
Kronstadt, city in Hungary, XII. 764 ;
VII. 480.
Kronus, Carthaginian god, XIX. 606.
Krook, Persian city, XII. 764.
Krossen, Prussian city, XII. 764.
Krotoszyn, Prussian city, XII. 764.
Krout (sour), IX. 734.
Krumau, Austrian city, XII. 764.
Krunitz on cookery, VIII. 26.
Kruse, novels of, XIX. 358.
Krusenstern’s voyage,II. 404; XIX. 557.
Kteifa, Syrian town, XII. 765.
Kuara, in Abyssinia, XII. 765.
Kuban, coast of the, IV. 661.
  —, river, XIX. 564.
Kubbeer, salt lake, XII. 765.
Kubbees, Persian city, XII. 765.
Kublai-Khan, VI. 551.
Kufa, city in Asia, XII. 765.
KgffStein, Austrian city, XII. 765.
Kuhl on parrots, XVI. 553.
Kuhne’s balance, XIV. 371.
Kuilenburg, XII. 765.
Kulm, Prussian city, XII. 765.
Kulmbach, in Bavaria, Xll. 765.
KumbalIA, Hindu town, XII. 765.
Kumbur, IV. 556.
Kumi, island, XII. 765.
KuNASutR, island, XII. 765.
Kunckel (John), chemist, XII. 765.
Kundal, Hindu town, XII. 765.
Kundapoor, Indian port, XII. 765.
Kunee, Hindu town, XII. 765.
Kunersdorf, battle of, XVIII. 678.
Kuopio, in Russia, XII. 765.
Kupffer on magnetism, XIII. 696, 705,
718, 719, 741.
Kuph, Syrian village, XII. 765.
Kur, Asiatic river, XII. 765.
Kurda, Hindu town, XII. 766.
Kurds, XXL 420.
Kurgommah, Hindu town, XII. 766.
Kurile Isles, XII. 766 ; XIX. 590.
Kurreen Khan, XVII. 269.
Kursk, in Russia, XII. 766,
Kurtus, fish, XII. 188.
Kurzola, island, XII. 766,
Kuster (Ludolf), XII. 766—his edition
of Suidas, XX. 799.
Kusterdingen, XII. 766.
Kustrin, Prussian city, XII, 766.
Kutchum Khan, XX. 324.
Kuteera (Gum), VI. 478.
Kuttenburg, in Bohemia, XII. 766,
Kutubdea, island, XII. 766.
KUT—LAC
Kuty, Austrian city, XII. 766.
Kyan (J. H.), his method of preserving
ropes,timber, &c., XIX. 469; XX. 274.
Kyanite, a mineral, XV. 149—electrical
properties of, VIII. 578.
Kydd (Colonel R.), V. 77, n. 2.
Kyle, XII. 767 ; IV. 259.
Kyloes, cattle of the Hebrides, II. 323.
Kyphonism, punishment, XII. 767.
Kyrahgur, Hindu town, XII. 767.
Kyraut, in Hindustan, XII. 767.
Kyreeghur,' Hindu town, XII. 767.
L
L, letter of the alphabet, XIII. 1,
Laaland, island, XIII. 1 ; IV. 328,
Laarat Isle, XIII. 1.
Labadie (John), XIII. 1.
Labadists, religious sect, XIII. 1.
Labarum, Roman banner, XIII. 2.
Labat (J. B.), XIII. 2-—his reasons for
concluding that the sugar-cane is a
native of America, XX. 791.
Labdanum, specific gravity of, XII. 32.
Label, XIII. 2—in heraldry, ib.; XI.
PI. 277—in architecture, III. 468.
LabeO (C. A.), Roman lawyer, XIII. 2.
 , fish, XII. 198.
Laberius (D.), Roman knight, XIII. 2.
Labial Letters, XIII. 2.
Labiatse, in botany, V. 123.
Labiau, Prussian city, XIII. 2.
Labidus, insect, IX. 228.
Labillardiere (Monsieur), on the plants
of New Holland, V. 78 — botanical
works of, V. 87.
Labooan, island, XIII. 2,
Laboratory, XIII. 2.
Labour, Coulomb on daily, VII. 428 
its influence on the mind, VIII. 444—
the only source of wealth, XVIII. 272
—means of increasing its productive
power, 274—natural price of, XXI.
104.
 (division of), VI. 223 ; VII. 388 ;
XVIII. 276—its effects on menthl
character, III. 645; VIII. 144—its
advantages considered, VII. 166—its
disadvantages, 415.
Labouring classes, importance of pro¬
viding for their amusement, III. 267.
Laboureur (John le), XIII. 3.
Labrador, in North America, XIII. 3.
Labradorite, a mineral, XV. 153.
Labrax, fish, XII. 167.
Labridae, in ichthyology, XII. 195.
Labrum, in antiquity, XIII. 5.
Labrus, fish, XII. 195.
Laburnum, XVII. 784, 787.
Laby, African city, XIII. 5.
Labyrinth, XIII. 5—Egyptian, III. 411;
VIII. 545—of the ear, II. 801. '
Labyrinthiform Pharyngeals, XII. 190.
Lac or Lacca, dyestuff, XIII. 5; IX.
207 ; VIII. 297, 309, 314—its use in
electricity, 581.
Lac of Rupees, XIII. 5 ; IV. 764, n.
Lacaille (N. L. de), V. 777—his as¬
tronomical labours, III. 745—on the
earth’s size, I. 658 ; IX. 547, 548—
his solar tables, XIV. 335—his mi¬
crometer, XV. 24.
Laccadives, islands, XIII. 5.
Laccic acid, VI. 429.
Lace, XIII. 6—Mechlin and Brussels,
XIV. 120, 143.
Lace-manufacture, VII. 410—at Tiver¬
ton, 746—of England, VIII. 779.
Lacedaemon, XIII. 7, 8. See Sparta.
Lacedonia, Neapolitan city, XIII. 8.
Lacepfede on frogs, XIX. 152.
Lacepedes, islands, XIII. 8.
Lacerna, Roman garment, XIII. 8,
Lacerta, reptile, XIX. 139.
Laoertinidse, reptiles, XIX. 138.
La Charite, French city, XIII. 8.
Laches, in English law, XIII. 8.
Lachesis, in mythology, XIII. 8.
Lachine canal, VI. 64 ; XVI. 27,
INDEX
89
LAC—LAH
Lachish, in Palestine, XIII. 8.
Lachlan River, XXI. 715.
Lachrymal bone, II. 777—orifices, 800
—gland, ib.; in brutes. III. 24.
Lachrymatoky, XIII. 8.
Lachsa, in Arabia, XIII. 8.
Lachsenburg, palace of, XXL 646.
Laciniom, promontory, XIII. 8.
Lacistemese, in botany, V. 130.
Laconia, in Greece, XIII. 8 5 X. 724.
Laconic style, XX, 529.
Laconicm, XIII. 8.
Lacqering by the Japanese, XII. 517.
Lacquers, varnishes, XIII. 8.
Lacroze, on Coptic, XI. 313, et seq.
Lactantius (L. C. F.), XIII. 9;'XVII.
413—his work De Mortibus Persecu-
torum, IV, 334.
Lactation, XIV. 509; XVII. 693.
Lacteals, II. 728, 817; XVII. 632—dis¬
covery of the, II. 698 ; XVII. 728.
Lactho, in India, XIII. 9.
Lactic acid, VI. 427.
Lactiferous, in botany, XIII. 9.
Lactometer, VII. 593.
Lactuca virosa, a poison, XIV. 505.
Lacunar, in architecture, XIII. 9 ; III.
468.
Lacy (Hugh de), XXI. 862.
Lacydes, XIII. 9.
Ladder, XIII. 10.
Laden, in nautical language, XIII. 10.
Ladbrnoje-pole, in Russia, XIII. 10.
Ladik, or Ladikieh, XIII. 10.
Ladislaus, XIII. 10.
Ladoga, Russian lake, XIII, 10; XIX.
565—canal, IV. 331; XVI. 4.
Lados Isles, XIII. 10.
Ladrones, or Mariana Islands, XIII.
10; XVIII. 316.
Lady, XIII. 10.
Lady-birds, insects, IX. 186.
Lady-day, XIII. 10.
L^lius Sapiens (C.), XIII. 10.
Laemodipoda, Crustacea, VII. 502.
L*na, ancient gown, XIII. 11.
—r , insect, IX. 166.
Laerne, in the Netherlands, XIII. 10.
L^strygones, XIII. 11.
Laet (De), on birds, XVI. 545.
LjEyius, Latin poet, XIII. 11.
Lafayette, X. 51, et seq., 122—his aid
to the Americans, V. 404.
Lafranc, archbishop, VIII. 713, 714.
Lagan navigation, XVI. 22.
Lagasca, botanist, V. 82, n. 3—on the
mountaineers of Leon, XIII. 231.
Lageman, in law, XIII. II.
Lagen, ancient measure, XIII. 11.
Lagena, in conchology, XV. 345.
Lagomys, in zoology, XIV. 140.
Lagonegro, Neapolitan city, XIII. 11.
Lagopus, bird, XVI. 61).
Lagos, Portuguese city, XIII. 11,
Lagothrix, in zoology, XIV. 94.
Lagrange (J. L.), XIII. 11—his appli¬
cation of continued fractions to the
solution of numerical equations, 1. 590
—on the calculus of variations, 600 ;
XXI. 558—sketched the method of
derivative functions, I. (701—discussed
the chief difficulties of the theory of
hydrodynamics, 608—his calculations
regarding the lunar and planetary
motions, 669—his solution of the pro¬
blem of disturbing forces, 670—on
the calculus of sines, II. 493—his
astronomical discoveries. III. 751—
on the strength of columns, VI. 153—
on the action of watch-springs, 787—
on the orbits of comets, VII. 138—on
dynamics, VIII. 388—on equation^,
IX. 324, 343—op the calculus, IX.
638—on waves, XII. 5—his mathe¬
matical discoveries, XIV. 323—on
mechanics, 354, 355—on the projec¬
tion of the sphere, XVIII. 658—on
spherical trigonometry, XXI. 378.
Lagria, insect, IX. 167.
Lagriarias, insects, IX. 167.
Laguna, XIX. 642.
 , in Teneriffe, VI, 74.
Lahdack, in Hindustan, XIII. 18.
LAH—LAM
Lahijan, Persian city, XIII. 18.
Lahire (Philip de), XI. 468—on the
fusee of watches, VI. 787.
Lahore, in Hindustan, XIII. 19, 20.
La hr, German city, XIII. 20.
Laibach, in Austria, XIII. 20.
L’Aigle, French city, XIII. 20.
Laing (Malcolm), XIII. 20 on Ossian,
XVI. 662 — his character of Spots-
wood, XX. 548.
 'Captain), III. 668.
 (Major), his account of Kooran-
koo, XII. 758.
(Samuel), his account of Nor¬
way, XVI. 261, etseq.
Lair (Pierre-Aimo), V. 218,
Laird’s African discoveries, XVI. 221.
Laire on early printed books, IV. 624.
Lairesse (G.), painter, XIII. 25.
Lais, Greek courtezan, XIII. 25.
Laity, XIII. 25.
Lakes, XIII. 25; X. 407—influence of
the sun’s rays on, VI. 748—their tem¬
perature at different depths, 749—ac¬
count of the. principal, XVII. 522—
periodic, 523—in gardening, X. 326.
See America, Asia, Canada, &c.
 , colour, XIII. 27—in crayon¬
painting, VII. 453.
 (General), XI. 435, etseq.—his
attack on Bhurtpore, IV. 611.
 , or Lacque, XIII. 27.
Laeande (J. J. L.), XIII. 27—^his astro¬
nomical labours, III. 746—on the sun’s
motion, 781 ; and spots, 783—011 the
moon’s influence on the weather, XV.
442.
Lallemand (Monsieur), on cerebral dis¬
ease, XVII. 479, 484, 491, 492—on
complication of diseases, 492.
Lally (Count), XI. 416.
Lama, XIII. 31.
 of Tibet, XXI. 257, 258.
 , in zoology, XIV. 157 ; IV. 747.
Lamalmon, Abyssinian mountain, II. 56.
Lamanon (R. P.), naturalist, XIII. 31.
Lamarck, his classification of the mol-
lusca, III. 170 ; of animals, 172-6,
181 ; of the arachnides, 347, 181—on
the operations of nature, 176, n.—on
animalcules, 185 — his botanical la¬
bours, V. 87—on the mollusca, XV.
333—on the mopn’s influence on the
weather, 442—on the gradation of
animals, XVII. 587.
Lamartine on Jerusalem, XII. 545.
Lamay, island, XIII. 31.
Lamb (Charles), essayist, XIII. 31.
 , Scythian, moss, XIII. 31.
Lambs, XIII. 31—management of, II.
333—house-lambs, 337.
Lambaele, French city, XIII. 32.
Lambay, island, VIII. 234.
Lambdoidal suture, II. 782.
Lambeojus, or Lambeck (Peter), Ger¬
man biographer, XIII. 32.
Lambert of Aschaffenburg, XIII. 33.
 (Johij), XIII. 33.
  (John Henry), XIII. 36—his
character as a philosopher, I. 189—
first demonstrated the incommensu¬
rability of the circle, 584—his treatise
entitled Photometria, 638—on the or¬
bits of comets, VII. 138—his Theorem,
ib., 14 5—his dial, 776 —on water-wheels,
XII. 86—on magnetism, XIII. 689—
on the height of the atmosphere, XIV.
719—on mortality, XV. 546—on op¬
tics, XVI. 363—on the projection of
the sphere, XVIII. 657—on acoustics,
XXI. 398, 399,
Lambertine (Prosper), IV. 562.
Lambeth, in Surrey, XIII. 38—library,
297—palace, 547.
Lambin (Denis), XHI. 39.
Lambinet’s work on the origin of print¬
ing, IV. 623.
Lambton (Colonel), his measurement of
a degree of latitude, I. 659 ; IX. 551.
 (Mr), his reform bill, V. 553.
LamS (Mons.),on optics, XVI. 377, 493.
Lamech, XIII. 39.
Lamego, Portuguese city, XIII. 39.
LAM—LAN
Lamellicornes, insects, IX. 151.
Lamellirostres, birds, XVI. 635.
Lamentations of Jeremiah, XIII. 39.
Lamia, insect, IX. 180.
Lami.*, daemons, XIII. 40.
Lamiariae, insects, IX. 179.
Lamina of leaves, V. 35.
Lamington Priors, XIII. 40.
Lamjungh, in Hindustan, XIII. 40.
Lamlash, in Arran, V. 751.
Lamna, fish, XII. 232.
Lammas-day, XIII. 40.
Lammer-geyer, bird, XVI. 560.
Lammermoor hills, IV. 597.
Lamoignon (C. F. de), XIII. 40.
Lamoral, Count Egmont, XI. 511, et seq.
La Motta, Italian town, Xlll. 40.
Lamp, XIII. 40—Davy’s safety-lamp,
VII. 641 5 XIII. 46 ; XV. 245—elec¬
trical, VIII. 661—for microscopes,
XV. 51—for light-houses, XX. 19, 22.
Lampadary, church officer, XIII. 48.
Lampas, XXI. 622.
Lampedosa, V. 515.
Lampedusa, island, XIII. 48.
Lampern, fish, XII. 236.
Lampong, in Sumatra, XIII. 48.
Lamprey, fish, XII. 236—its respiratory
organs, III. 40.
L ampridius (.FUius), historian, XIII. 48.
 (Benedict), poet, XIII. 48.
Lamprima, insect, IX. 162.
Lampris, fish, XII. 189.
Lamprosoma, insect, IX. 183.
Lamprotornis, bird, XVI. 572.
Lampsacus, or Lampsacum, XIII. 48.
Lampugus, fish, XII. 187.
Lampyrides, insects, IX. 141.
Lampyris, insect, IX. 141.
Lana (F.), on aeronautics, II. 179.
Lanark, XIII. 48—New Lanark, 50,
Lanarkshire, XIII. 50—horses of, II.
317; XI. 597.
Lanbrynmair, Welsh town, XIII. 51.
Lancashire, XIII. 51—breed of cattle
ip, II. 322—elevation of bed of the
sea, XV. 218—paper-making, XVII.
19. See Cotton-Manufacture.
Lancaster, XIII. 54—canal, XVI. 15.
 , in Pennsylvania, XVII. 224.
Lancavy, or Pulo Lada, XIII. 54.
Lance, a spear, XIII. 54.
Lancelottus (J. P.), Institutes of, VI. 93.
Lancerota, VI. 74.
Lancers, British, III. 620.
Lancet, surgical instrument, XIII. 54.
Lancet-arch, III. 455.
Lancerota island, XIII. 55.
Lanch, XIII. 54, 125 ; IV. 722.
Lancisi (J. M,), physician, XIII. 55.
Land, XIII. 55—evils of minute sub¬
division of, among tenants, VII. 386 ;
and proprietors, 391.
Land-breeze, III. 679.
Landa, town in Borneo, XIII. 55.
Landau, in Bavaria, XIII. 55.
Landchester, in Durham, Roman camp
near, VIII. 291.
Landen, in the Netherlands, XIII. 55.
 (John), XIII. 55—his life, writ¬
ings, and contributions to mathema¬
tics, I. 601; XIV. 323.
Lander (R. and J.), VI. 724 ; XVI. 218.
Landrrnau, French city, XIII. 57-
Landes (Les), in France, XIII. 57.
Landgrave, XIII. 57.
Landgraviate, XIII. 57.
Landguard, in Suffolk, XIII. 57.
Landings, in architecture, V. 676.
Landisfarne, XI. 535; XVI. 253.
Landlord, connexion of tenant with, II.
343. See Lease.
Land-rail shooting, XX. 307.
Landrecies, X. 87.
Landrecy, French city, XIII. 57.
Landsberg, XIII. 57.
Landscape, in painting, XIII. 57.
Landscapes, beauty of, IV. 490.
Landscape-Gardening, X. 318.
Landscrona, battle of, XXI. 21.
Landshut, XIII. 57, 58 — battle of
XVIII. 679.
Landskron, in Bohemia, XIII. 58.
LAN
Landskrona, Swedish city, XIII. 58.
Land-Tax, XIII. 55—in England, XXL
102—in France, 104—act authorizing
redemption of, V. 483.
Land-Waiter, XIII. 55.
Lane (Edward W.), on the plague in
Egypt, XVII. 777.
Lane’s discharging electrometer de¬
scribed, VIII. 659.
Lanesborough, Irish town, XIII. 58.
Lanfranko (G.), painter, XIII. 58.
 , archbishop, XIII. 58,
Lang (James), his rope-machinery, XIX.
468—Ms safety-keel, XX. 285.
 (Dr), on the European popula¬
tion of New Zealand, XXL 977.
Langbaine (Dr Gerard), XIII, 58.
 (Gerard), XIII. 58.
Langeland, island, XHI. 58.
Langenberg, in Prussia, XIII. 58,
Langenbrucken, XIII. 58.
Langendielan, XIII. 58.
Langenschwalbach, XIII. 58.
Langenthal, Swiss town, XIII. 58.
Langesalza, Prussian city, XIII. 58.
Langhemark, XIII. 58.
Langhorne (John), XIII. 58.
Langius on the mollusca, XV. 329.
Langland (Robert), old English poet,
XIII. 59—quotation from, IX. 40.
Langley, town in Bucks, XIII. 59.
  (Batty), on pointed arehitec-
ture, III. 431.
Langport, in Somerset, XIII. 59—
canal to Ilchester, XVI. 14.
Langrel Shot, XIII. 59.
Langres, in France, XIII. 59.
Lapgside, battle of, XIX. 740.
Langton (Stephen), archbishop, XIII.
59 ; VIII. 721-2.
Language, XIII. 60—American lan¬
guages, II. 617—Anglo-Saxon, V. 275
—Celtic, ib.—Chinese, VI. 562—
Coptic, VIII. 520—Cornish, VII. 368
—Danish, 729—Etruscan, IX. 388—
Malay, XX. 805—Norse, VII. 729—
Nubian, VIII. 559—Peruvian, II.
628—Russian, XIX. 584—Sanscrit, I.
204—-metaphorical, IV. 494—figura¬
tive, VII. 186—improvement of, tends
to accelerate the advancement of
science and learning, I. 39—Rousseau
and others on the origin -and history
of, 174-7—superiority of English over
French as an instrument of thought,
229—value of German, in philosophi¬
cal discussions, 295—Leibnitz on the
etymological study of, 136, 262—in¬
adequacy of ordinary language for
the purposes of philosophy, 294—
Academies of Languages, II. 76—pro¬
posals of a universal, 545—affinities
of, 710 ; XV. 599—antennal, of ants,
III. 241—Aristotle on, 510—of brutes,
V. 617—deductions as to the origin
and descent of nations from analogies
of, VI. 274—origin of diversity of,
621; VII. 213—Condillac’s theory of
its necessity to the development of
ideas, 204—parts of speech, 205—
teaching of, to the d ' - and dumb, 646
—of gestures, 648, 651—origin of, X.
6 38—words considered as the signs of
ideas, XIII. 434, et seq.—difference be¬
tween human and brutal, XIV. 197-
diversity of languages no proof against
the unity of the human race, 203—
relations of, 204 — general terms,
623—association gives meaning to
words, 627—faculty of, XVII. 464-
imperfections of, 562—of the Scrip¬
tures, XIX. 781. See Grammar,
Philology, English, French, Greek,
Latin, Sanscrit, &c.
Langued, in heraldry, XIII. 94.
Languedoc, in France, XIII. 94—cgnal
of, X. 172 ; XVI. 5.
Languet (Hubert), XIII. 94.
 (John B. J.), XIII. 95.
Languor, XIII. 95.
Languria, insect, IX. 185,
Lanham, or Lavenham, XIII. 127.
Laniard, or Lanyard, XIII. 95,
90
INDEX
LAN—LAR
Lanigerous, XIII. 95.
lANISTA, XIII. 95.
Lanius, bird, XVI. 5G8.
Lanjang, XIII. 95.
Lankcroon, X. 497.
I^annion, in France, XIII. 95.
Lansberg (Philip), III. 538.
Lansquinet, a game, XIII. 95.
Lantern, XIII. 96—magic, XVI. 513.
 , in architecture, XIII. 96; III.
468—of Demosthenes, 416, 436 ; IV.
119.
Lantern-fly, IV. 203.
Lanterns (Feast of), XIII. 96.
Laocoon, XIII. 96 ; VIII. PI. 198.
Laodice, VI. 125-6.
Laodicea, XIII. 96.
Lao-kium, Chinese sectary, XV. 677.
Laomedon, king of Troy, XIII. 96.
Laon, in France, XIII. 96—battle of,
X. 167.
Laos, in India, XIII. 96.
Lapa Isle, XIII. 97.
Lapathus, town in Cyprus, XIII. 97.
Laperodse (J. F. G. de), XIII. 97;
XVII. 336—his voyage and discoveries,
XVIII. 323, 785.
Laphria, insect, IX. 268.
Lapidary, XIII. 97—Style, 98.
Lapidescent, XIII. 98.
Lapis, XIII. 98—Lazuli, XV. 150.
Lapith®, XIII. 98.
Lapithus, XIII. 98.
Laplace (P. S. Marquis de), XIII. 98
—on the advantages of learned socie¬
ties, I. 47—on cause and effect, 286—
on probabilities, 224 ; XVIII. 593—
on capillary attraction, I. 616; VI.
114, 118; XII. 47, 49—on the moon’s
• secular equation, I. 670—on Jupiter’s
satellites, ib.; IV. 35, 36 — on the
propagation and velocity of sound,
II. 117; XX. 484—on the force of
adhesion, II. 151—on the values of
annuities. III. 209—on the utility of
logarithms, 741—his astronomical dis¬
coveries, 752—on the inequalities of
the moon’s orbit, IV. 57—on baro¬
metrical measurements, 399—on ob¬
lique refraction, VI. 651—on cohe¬
sion, VII. 22—on the orbits of comets,
138—on electricity, VIII. 573, 604—
his excessive love of calculation, XIII.
18—his mathematical discoveries,
XIV. 324—on meteorolites, 714—on
the pendulum, XVII. 210—oversights
and inconsistencies in his Mecanique
Celeste, XX. 484—his formula repre¬
senting law of relation between tem¬
perature and elasticity of steam, 594
—on the tides, XXI. 260.
Lapland, XIII. 103—rein-deer of, XIV.
158.
Laplanders, IX. 410—their bows, V.
155 — language, XIII. 89—persons,
XIV. 199.
Lapostolle (Monsieur), paragreles pro¬
posed by, VIII. 622.
Lapse, XIII. 113.
Lapwing, bird, XVI. 617.
Lapwing-shooting, XX. 307.
Laquearitts, XIII. 113.
Lar, Persian city, XIII. 113.
LARACHE.seaportof Morocco, XIII. 113.
Lararium, XIII. 113.
Larboard, nautical term, XIII. 113.
Larceny, or theft, XIII. 113.
Larch-timber, XVI. 50; XXL 296—its
use in joinery, XII. 618.
Larch-tree, XVII. 747, 780, 781, 790—
larch-woods in Perthshire, XVII. 290.
Lard, specific gravity of, XII. 32.
Lardner (Nathaniel), XIII. 114.
Larentinalia, XIII. 114.
Lares, XIII. 114 ; XVIII. 335.
Large, nautical term, XIII. 115,
Largitio, XIII. 115.
Largo, village in Fife, XIII. 115.
Largs, Scotch village, XIII. 115.
Larissa, Thessalian city, XIII. 115.
Laristan, in Persia, XIII. 115.
Lark, XVI. 579.
Lark-shooting, XX. 307.
LAR—LAU
Larke river navigation, XVI. 15.
Larmier, in architecture, XIII. 115.
Larra, insect, IX. 229.
Larrates, insects, IX. 229.
Larrek, island, XIII. 116.
Larta, III. 630.
Larus, bird, XVI. 632.
Larva of insects, XIII. 116 ; IX. 87.
Larv^;, in antiquity, XIII. 116.
Laryngitis in animals, XXI. 629.
Larynx, XVII. 682—muscles of, II. 794
—anatomy of, II. 805—comparative
anatomy of, III. 28.
Lascaris (Andrew John), XIII. 116.
 (Constantine), XIII. 116.
Las Casas (Bartholomeo de), VI. 209.
Laserna (General), IV. 757.
Lash, nautical term, XIII. 116.
Lasiocampa, insect, IX. 247.
Lasioptera, insects, IX. 260.
Lasphe, Prussian town, XIII. 116.
Lassa, town in Tibet, XIII. 117.
Last, a measure, XIII. 117.
Lastage, orLestage, XIII. 117.
Lasgs, or Lassus, poet, XIII. 117.
Laswaree, Hindu village, XIII. 117—
battle of, XXL 751.
Lateen Sail, XIII. 117.
Latelus, fish, XII. 176.
Latent heat, XI. 189, 191; XVII. 449 ;
XX. 572, 601—Dr Black’s discovery
of, I. 644; IV. 656—of aqueous va¬
pour, XII. 129.
Lateran, XIII. 117.
Latere, XIII. 117.
Lates, fish, XII. 168.
Laths, in building, Xlll. 117—plaster¬
ing on, V. 678.
Latham, in Lancashire, XIII. 117.
  (Dr), on sympathetic cerebral
disease, XVII. 485—on pericarditis,
489—on morbid anatomy, 491—on
birds, XVI. 549.
Lathe, for turning, XIII. 117.
Lathreve, Saxon officer, XIII. 118..
Lathrobium, insect, IX. 137.
Lathyrus, VIII. 473.
Latiar, Roman feast, XIII. 118.
Laticlave, XIII. 118.
Latimer (Hugh), XIII. 118; VIII. 753.
Latin language, XIII. 118, 64, et seq. ;
XVII. 408—appropriate as the lan¬
guage of botany, V. 60—its progres¬
sive improvement, XII. 292—its affi¬
nities, XIII. 87—its excellence and
usefulness, XVII. 413—languages de¬
rived from it, 422—Bibles, IV. 615;
XIX. 790—editions of the classics,
IV. 625—moods and tenses, X. 691—
Law-Latin, XIII. 146.
Latinos, king, XIII. 118.
Latisana, Italian town, XIII. 118.
Latitode, in astronomy, XIII. 118;
III. 759—method of reducing geocen¬
tric to heliocentric, IV. 19.
 , in geography, X. 404 ; XV. 752
—mode of finding, 778; IV. 65—its ef¬
fect on temperature, XVII. 543; on
plants, 545—calculation of latitudes in
the trigonometrical survey, XXI. 367.
Latitodinarian, XIII. 118.
Latium, in Italy, XIII. 118.
Latmus, Ionian mountain, XIII. 118.
Latomia, XIII. 118.
Latona, in mythology, XIII. 119.
Latopolis, ruins of, VIII. 534.
La Tour do Pin, in France, XIII. 119.
Latreille on ants, III. 239, et seq.—his
classification of the arachnides, III.
347, 350, 351—on entomology, VII.
571—on the geographical distribution
of insects, IX. 101.
Latridius, insect, IX. 176.
Latrinje, XIII. 119.
Latrobite,.specific gravity of, XII. 32.
Latroncoli, Roman game, XIII. 119.
Lattakoo, XIII. 164 ; V. 21.
Lattalatta, island, XIII. 119.
Latten, XIII. 119—brass, ib.
Lattice-windows, X. 575.
Laoban, Prussian city, XIII. 120.
Laud (W.), archbishop, XIII. 120—his
ecclesiastical and political conduct,
LAU—LAW
V. 314—accused of high treason, 319
—executed, 326—his character, XV.
90, n. 3—his constitution of the Uni¬
versity of Dublin, XXI. 522.
Laudatio, law term, XIII. 120.
Lauder (William), XIII. 120—his false
charges of plagiarism against Milton,
XV. 96, Ji., 106.
Lauderdale (Duke of), his administra¬
tion in Scotland, V. 350 ; VII. 597.
Laudicoeni, XIII. 120.
Laudohn (Field-Marshal), XIII. 121
XVIII. 676, et seq.; XXL 414.
Lauds, or Laudes, XIII. 121.
Lauenbttrg, XIII. 121; VII, 726.
Lauffen, in Wirtemberg, XIII. 121.
Laugharne, Welsh town, XIII. 121.
Laughing-gas. See Nitrous oxide.
Laughter, XIII. 121; XIV. 196; XIX.
249—death from, VIII. 212, note 1.
Lauingen, Bavarian city, XIII. 124.
Laumonite, XV. 151; sp. gr. of, XII. 32.
Launce, fish, XII. 227.
Launceston, in Cornwall, XIII. 124—
canal to Bude, XVI. 9.
Launch, sea-term, XIII. 125.
 , boat, XIII. 54; IV. 722.
Launching of ships, XX. 295.
Launder, in mineralogy, XIII. 125.
Laupen, Swiss town, XIII. 125.
Laura, XIII. 125.
Laureate (Poet), XIII. 125.
Laurel-trees, XVII. 786.
Laurence (John), on horses, XI. 580.
Laurenceburgh, a town in the state of
Indiana, XII. 266.
Laurentaeia, Roman feasts, XIII. 125.
Laurentium, Latin town, XIII. 126.
Laurentius, early printer, XIII. 126.
Lauricocha, river, XVII. 524.
Laurine®, in botany, V. 126.
Lauro (P.), painter, XIII. 126.
Laurus (L.), on aeronautics, II. 179.
Lausanne, Swiss city, XIII. 126.
Lausatia, in Saxony, XIII. 126.
Lauterbach, German town, XIII. 126.
Lauth (Dr T.), his History of Anatomy,
II. 705—on the lymphatics, II. 729.
Lauxania, insect, IX. 285.
Lava, XIII. 126—of Iceland, XII. 147.
Laval, in France, XIII. 126.
Lavalle (General), V. 660.
Lavater (John Gaspard Christian),
XIII. 127—his doctrine of physiogno¬
my, XVII. 576.
Lavatory, or Lavadero, XIII. 127.
Lavaur, in France, XIII. 127.
Lavenbrugen (Nicholas), XXI. 44.
Lavenham, in Suffolk, XIII. 127.
Laver, sacred Jewish utensil, XIII. 127.
Laverna, goddess of thieves, XIII. 127.
Lavinium, town in Latium, XIII. 127.
Lavoisier (A. L.), XIII. 127—on the
composition of the atmosphere, IV.
134—on fermentation, V. 247—che¬
mical discoveries of, VI. 262, 350—on
electricity, VIII. 573, 604—his con¬
nexion with Laplace, XIII. 101—his
air-pump, XVIII. 89—his pyrometer.
747.
Law, XIII. 128—Athenian, IV. 165—
English, IX. 24—French, X. 132,216;
XIII. 184, 200 ; XVIII. 736—Lom¬
bard, XIII. 466—maritime, XIV. 248
—martial, XV. 67—mercantile, XIV.
590—Mosaic, XV. 564—of the Twelve
Tables, XIX. 373—Venetian mari¬
time, VII. 493—Academies of, II. 75
—the Economists on, VIII. 403—in¬
stitutions connected with, in London,
XIII. 527—duty of obedience to, XV.
477—taxes on law proceedings, XXI.
116—cheap in Switzerland, 50—Ro¬
man actions, II. 131 — capitularies,
VI. 123—jury-trial, XII. 649 - law-
language, XIII. 146. See Canon Law,
Civil Law, Code, Courts, Crime, Feu¬
dal Law, Honour, Jurisprudence, Law
of Nations, Law of Nature, Legisla¬
tion, Medical Jurisprudence, Police,
Punishment.
Law of Nations, XIII. 133, 130—
blockade, IV. 707—Are all treaties
LAW—LEA
annulled by war ? V. 509. See Ba¬
lance of Power.
Law of Nature, XIII. 129.
Laws of Nature, XVII. 434, 438, 561,
574, 593 ; XXI. 586—with reference
to prayer, XVIII. 505.
Law (Edmund), bishop, XIII. 151—his
notes to his translation of Archbishop
King’s work on the Origin of Evil, I.
170—his ethical works, 171-2 — on
matter, XIV. 646, n.
 (John), projector, XIII. 147; X.
35—his schemes opposed by D’Agues-
seau, II. 359.
 (William), XIII. 152.
Lawburrows taken out by Charles II.
against his Scottish subjects, V. 350.
Lawless Court, XIII. 153.
Lawn, XIII. 153.
Lawrence (Sir Thomas), painter, XIII.
153; XVI. 703.
 (W.), on the natural history of
man, XIV. 194, 202, 203.
 (St), river, XIII. 154; VI. 58
—freezing of, 60, 64—navigation of,
XVI. 27—tides in, XXI. 282.
 (St), gulf of, XIII. 155.
 (St), Russian island, XIX. 590.
Lawyers, diseases of, XIV. 509. See
Advocate.
Lay, poem, XIII. 155.
Lay-Brothers, XIII. 155.
Layback, congress at, V. 552.
Laycacota, silver-mines of, XVIII. 739.
Layman, XIII. 155.
Layers, in gardening, XIII. 155—pro¬
pagation of fruits by, XI. 635.
Laying-off, in ship-building, XX. 275.
Layon, canal of, XVI. 6.
Lazaretto, or Lazar-house, XIII. 155;
XIV. 512.
Laziens, coast of the, IV. 661.
Lazzaroni of Naples, X. 110.
Lea, river, XI. 284—its navigation,
XVI. 15.
Leach (Dr), on the Crustacea, VII. 500,
504-—on the myriopodae, XV. 652.
Lead, XIII. 155; VI. 411—its use in
assaying, III. 711—sheet-lead, V. 693
—compounds of, VI. 411—use of its
salts in calico-printing, 341—salts of
protoxide of, 450—saccharate of, 472
—use of its protoxide as a mordant,
VIII. 304—chromate of, used in dye¬
ing, 321—windows of, X. 575—specific
gravity of lead-ore, and of lead and its
salts, XII. 32, 37—its poisonous qua¬
lity, XIV. 501—culinary utensils of,
508—plumbery, XVIII. 62; V. 693
—cohesion of, XX. 757—heaving the,
486. See Lead-mines.
   (black). See Plumbago.
Lead-colic, XVII. 487.
Lead-glance, in mineralogy, XV. 169 —
specific gravity of, XII. 32.
Lead-mines in Britain, XV. 248—Car¬
diganshire, VI. 137 — Cumberland,
VII. 537—Derbyshire, 735—Durham,
VIII. 290 — England, 769—Europe,
. IX. 409 ; XV. 248, 252—Illinois, XII.
248 — Leadhills and Wanlockhead,
VIII. 262 ; XIII. 49—Missouri, XV.
302—Montgomeryshire, 434—North¬
west Territory, XVI. 255 — Tibet,
XXI. 256—the United States,454. See
the geographical articles generally.
Lead-spar, in mineralogy, XV. 144.
Leadenhall Market, XIII. 507.
Leadhills, VIII. 262—mines at, XIII. 49.
Leaf, XIII. 156—leaf-buds, III. 90 ; V.
32. See Leaves.
 of clocks, XIII. 156.
Leaf-eating bees, IX. 233.
Leaf-skeletons, XIII. 156.
League, measure, XIII. 156.
 , or alliance, XIII. 156—French
Catholic League, ib ; X. 33
Leak in a ship, XIII. 156.
Leakage, XIII. 156.
Leake (Richard), XIII. 156.
   (Sir John), English admiral,
XIII. 157.
 (Col.), his map of Egypt, VIIL
INDEX
91
LEA—LEE
558—on the topography of Athens,
IV. 114, et seq. — on the river Nile,
XVI. 225.
Leake (Stephen Martin), XIII. 157,
Leamington, XXI. 782.
Leander, XIII. 158.
Leao, XIII. 158.
Leao-Tong (Gulf of), XIII. 158.
Leap, in music, XIII. 158.
Leap-year, VI. 5.
Leaping, XIII. 158—muscles employed
in, II. 797—of horses, XI. 586, 613.
Lear, British king, XIII. 158.
  (Mr), on parrots, XVI. 553.
Learchus, Greek sculptor, XIII. 158.
earning, revival of, in Europe, VII.
495; I. 14.
Leases, XIII. 158—during the middle
ages, II. 252—in ancient Attica, IV.
172.
—   (agricultural), VIII. 766—ad¬
vantages and duration of, II. 343 —
covenants of. III. 45.
ase and Release, XIII. 158.
Leash, among sportsmen, XIII. 158.
Leather, XIII. 158—currying of, VII.
556—its friction on iron, XIV. 412—
tanning of, XXI. 74—manufacture of,
in England, VIII. 777 ; and France,
X. 183.
Leaven, XIII. 159—baking with, IV.
297.
Leaves of plants, XIII. 156; V. 33—
passage of sap through, III. 51—
changes of sap in, ib.; XXI. 574—ab¬
sorption by, III. 55—structure of, 93;
XXI. 575—fall of, VII. 672; XXI.
588—influence of, on the course and
motion of sap, 572—functions of, 581.
Lebadea, town in Boeotia, XIII. 159.
Lebaillif’s sideroscope, XIII. 771—his
electro-magnetic multiplier, XXI. 688.
Lebanon, XIII. 269 ;/^XVI. 744 ;^XXI.
59—cedars of, 60 ; !XVII. 747, 781,
782,785.
Lebedan, in Russia, XIII. 159.
Lebedjan, in Russia, XIII. 159.
Lebia, insect, IX. 116.
Lebias, fish, XII. 199.
Lebida, II. 236.
Leblanc on crystallization, VII. 506.
Lebon, X. 93, m. 1.
Lebon’s equation-clock, VI. 783.
Lebrija, Spanish town, XIII. 159.
Le Brun (Charles), V. 611 —his pic¬
tures, XVI. 723.
Lecat on giants, X. 500.
Lecce, Neapolitan city, XIII. 159.
Lecount (Mr), on magnetism, XIII. 723.
Le Croific, French sea-port, XIII. 159.
Lecti, Roman beds, XIII. 159.
Lectica, Roman litter, XIII. 159.
Lecticarii, litter-bearers, XIII. 159.
Lecticarius, XIII. 159.
Lectisternium, ceremony, XIII. 159.
Lectores, XIII. 159.
Lectohre, in France, XIII. 159.
Lecturers, preachers, XIII. 160.
Lecythideae, in botany, V. 110.
Leda, in fabulous history, XIII. 160.
Ledbury, in Herefordshire, XIII. 160.
Ledger, XIII. 160 ; IV. 784—balancing
of, 788.
Ledges of ships, XX. 285.
Ledra, insect, IX. 204.
Lee, among seamen, XIII. 160.
—— , river in the county of ‘Cork,
VII. 329—its navigation, XVI. 22.
— (Harriet), her novels, XIX. 347.
  — (Sir H.), saved by a dog, V. 617.
—(Mr), his process for bleaching
flax, IV. 688.
 (Nathaniel), XIII. 160.
Lee’s Introduction to Botany, V. 84.
Lee-Boo (Prince), XVII. 180.
Leeches, XI. 223—structure of, XVII.
720—absurd practice of applying them
to bruised parts, XX. 840.
 -, in a ship, XIII. 160.
Leech-Lines, XIII. 160—Rope, ib.
Leeds, in Yorkshire, XIII. 160—canal
to Liverpool, XVI. 15.
Leefoga, island, XIII. 164.
LEE—LEI
Leek, in Staffordshire, XIII. 164.
 , culture of, XI. 671.
Leer, in glass-making. See Glass.
 , city of Hanover, XIII. 164.
Leers, his botanical engravings, V. 80.
Lees, in liquors, XIII. 164.
Leetakoo, XIII. 164; V. 21.
Leeuwarden, XIII. 164.
Leeuwenhoeck (Antony), XIII. 255—
on anatomy, II. 700 ; XVII. 728—on
vegetable anatomy. III. 42, etseg.—his
microscopic discoveries, 184—on ants,
239 — on spiders’ threads, 356—on
structure of the muscles, XVII. 608
—on globules of the blood, 635.
Lee-way, XV. 750 ; XX. 256.
Lefevre (Tannegui), IX. 528.
Leg, muscles of the, II. 794—attitudes,
79§—motions, 797—legs of insects,
IX. 76.
Leg-bone, II. 790—in the mammalia, III.
9—in birds, 13.
Leg-evil, in sheep, XXL 621.
Legacy-duties, XXI. 117.
Legaspe (Lopez de), his visits to the La-
drone Islands, XVIII. 316.
Legat (F.), on engraving, IX. 50.
Legate, pope’s ambassador, XIII. 164.
Legat us, Roman officer, XIII. 164.
Legend, XIII. 165.
Legendre on the orbits of comets, VII.
139, 140, 146—on the earth’s figure,
IX. 551, 567—his work on geometry,
X. 430—on the method of the least
squares, XVIII. 638.
Leger Line, in music, XIH. 165.
Legerdemain, XIII. 165.
Legestan, VII. 586.
Legh’s visit to Egypt, VIII. 557.
Leghorn, XIII. 165—Sir Robert Dud¬
ley’s improvement of, VIII. 251.
Leghorn-bonnets, XI. 167.
Legions (Roman), XIII. 165 ; III. 590
—their mobility, 594.
Legion of Honour, X. 122, 216.
Legislation, XIII. 166 — the Econo¬
mists on, VIII. 403—medical, XIV.
529. See Jurisprudence.
Legislator, XIII. 202.
Legitimation, XIII. 202.
Legnago, Italian city, XIII. 202.
Legumen, XIII. 202 ; V. 48.
Leguminous, XIII. 202 ; V. 106.
Lehwald (General), XVIII. 674.
Leia, insect, IX. 263.
Leibnitz (G. W.), XHI. 202; V. 25—
on the merits of Descartes, Hobbes,
Bacon, and Campanella, I. 26—his ob¬
jections to Malebranche’s principles
relative to cause and effect, 78—his
veneration for the Roman law, 92—
his misapprehension of Locke’s doc¬
trine on the origin of knowledge, 113
—the school which he founded strong¬
ly discriminated from Locke’s, 122—
effects of his correspondence, 123—
coincidence between him and Cud-
worth concerning innate ideas, ib.—
doctrines which he laboured to estab¬
lish, 124—his theory of pre-established
harmony, ib., 125—contrast between
his speculations and the doctrines of
Locke, 126—his scheme of optimism,
ib., et seq.—his work entitled Theodi-
ccea, 126-7,129—maintained necessity,
but opposed materialism, 128—on the
soul, ib.—injurious influence of his
doctrine of fatalism, 129 —on the prin¬
ciple of a sufficient reason, 130, et
seq.; 536-7—histheoryofmonads,130,
255—on the law of continuity, 257-8,
537—on the states of rest and motion
of bodies, 257—on the existence of the
soul after death, 259—his mind, in
reasoning upon metaphysical subjects,
biassed by geometry, ib.—extension of
his principle by Helvetius, 135—on
the etymological study of languages,
136, 262—his assertion that all proper
names were at first appellatives, 260
—his genius, 137—his credulity, 138,
261—value of his speculations in ad¬
vancing knowledge, ib.—estimate of
LEI—LEN
his character by Bailly, 262-great
variety of subjects on which he wrote,
ib.—his controversy with Dr Clarke,
139—on space and time, 142—small
progress of his tenets in France, 186
—contrast between the form of his
writings and the character of his
mind, 337—favourite maxim of, ib.—
his ethical principles where to be
found, ib.—citations from, on ethics,
337, 422—on disinterested affection,
338—egregious fallacy contained in a
statement of, 338-9—his correspond¬
ence with Newton on geometry, 520—
was the second inventor of the new in¬
finitesimal analysis, ib.; IX. 6 32—rapid
spread of his geometry on the Conti¬
nent, I. 520—controversy relative to
the new calculus, 521; XIV. 318, 321
—his rejection of the higher powers
of the differences of the variable quan¬
tities objectionable, I. 526—compari¬
son between him and Newton, 571—
his algebraical discoveries, 595—a
great promoter of the Berlin Academy
of Sciences, II. 71—an algebraic dis¬
covery of James Gregory claimed by,
497—hydrostatical fancy of, IV. 395
— his classification of books, 631 —
inactivity of matter denied by, VIII.
350—on the laws of motion, 361, 364,
366 — his envious detraction of Sir
Isaac Newton, 377—on the measure of
active forces, XIV. 353—on music,
XV. 605—on the force and velocity
of moving bodies, I. 539; XVIII. 779—
on the strength of materials, XX. 763.
Leicester, XIII. 208 -navigation, XVI.
15—Melton-Mowbray navigation, 21.
Leicestershire, XIII. 209—sheep, II.
263, 328—cattle, 322—Northampton¬
shire Union Canal, XVI. 15.
Leigh, XIII. 210.
Leighlin, Irish town, XIII, 210.
Leighs (Lough), VI. 256.
Leignitz, battle of, XVIII. 679.
Leighton (Robert), XIII. 210.
Leighton-Buzzard, XIII. 217.
Leinster, in Ireland, XIII. 217.
Leiodes, insects, IX. 165.
Leipa, Austrian city, XIII. 217.
Leipzig, XIII. 217—botanical school of,
V. 80—fairs of, IX. 477; X. 487;
XIX. 670—battles of, X. 164 ; XXI.
19—taken by Tilly, 18.
Leistus, insect, IX. 132.
Leith, XIII. 217—Water of, VIII. 429.
Leitomisohel, Austrian city, XIII. 221.
Leitrim, Irish county, XIII. 221.
Leixlip, Irish town, XIII. 224.
Leland (John), antiquary, XIII. 224.
 (John), divine, XIII. 224.
Lelegeis, XIII. 225.
Leleges, people of Asia, XIII. 225.
Lely (Sir Peter), painter, XIII. 225.
Leman (Lake). See Geneva.
Lemberg, in Austria, XIII. 225.
Lemery (Nicholas), chemist, XIII. 225
—on ice, XII. 140.
Lemgo, German city, XIII. 225.
Lemma, XIII. 226 ; X. 433.
Lemming, in zoology, XIV. 135.
Lemnephilus, a fly, its use in angling,
III. 135.
Lemnian Earth, XIII. 226.
LemniUS (Lavinus), XIII. 226.
Lemnos, island, XIII. 226.
Lemon, XI. 659—alkali in, VI. 469—
scurvy cured by juice of, XVI. 54.
 Island, XIII. 226.
Lemon-tree, specific gravity of, XII. 32.
Lemonade, XIII. 226.
Lemonnier (P. C. C.), XIII. 226—his
astronomical labours, III. 74 6—on the
electricity of the air, VIII. 614.
Lempa, river, XI. 17.
Lemur, in zoology, XIV. 97—its arte¬
ries, III. 39.
Lemures, XHL 228.
Lemuria, Roman feast, XIII. 228.
Lemuridse, in zoology, XIV. 96.
Lena, river, XIII. 228; XIX. 586.
I Len/ea, Greek festival, XIII. 228.
LEN—LEP
Lendinara, Italian town, XIII, 228.
Lending-houses, XIII. 228.
Lenfant (James), XIII. 228.
Lenglet (N. du Fresnoy), XIII. 229.
Length, XIII. 229.
Lengthening of ships, XIII. 229.
Lenham, town in Kent, XIII. 229.
Lennep, Prussian city, XIII. 229.
Lenkeroon, Persian port, XIII. 229.
Lennox. See Dumbartonshire.
  (earl of), regent of Scotland,
XIX. 741.
 Island, XII. 592.
Lens, XIII. 229—crystalline, II. 799 ;
HI. 22; XV. 56; XVI. 368; XIL
28—burning, V. 725, 737; XL 195
— for microscopes, XV. 29, et seq.
■—different kinds of, XVI. 387—re¬
fraction by, 390—formation of images
by, and vision of objects through, 394
magnifying power of, 395—spherical
aberration of, 395—non-spherical, 398
—doubly refracting, 456—lenses for
lighthouses, XX. 21—of telescopes,
XXL 169.
Lent, festival, XHI. 229.
Lentibularise, in botany, V. 124.
Lenticular spar, crystallization of, VII,
512, 515.
Lenticulina, mollusca, XV. 345.
Lentini, Sicilian city, XIII. 230.
Lentulus (Publius), his alleged letter to
the Roman senate, XII. 564.
Leo X. (Pope), XIII. 230—sale of, in¬
dulgences by, XIL 269 — Roscoe’s
Life of, XIX. 474.
   Isauricus, his edict against
image-worship, XIII. 466.
 of Modena, his Hebrew Bible,
IV. 614.
 Juda, his Latin Bible, IV. 615.
Leobshutz, Prussian city, XIII. 231.
Leoben, Austrian city, XIII. 231.
Leominster, town in Herefordshire,
XIII, 231—canal, XVI. 15.
Leon (Peter Ciega de), XIII. 232.
 , geometer, X. 424.
 — of Salamis, XX. 454.
 —, in Spain, XIII. 231-2—Moorisli
kingdom of, XX. 494.
 , in Nicaragua, XVI. 201.
Leonard (St), French city, XIII. 232.
Leonardo Da Vinci. See Vinci.
 of Pisa, algebra introduced into
Europe by, I. 440 ; II. 421; X. 429,
Leonessa, Neapolitan city, XIII. 232.
Leonidas, king of Sparta, XIII. 232;
VI. 736 ; XX. 525.
Leonine, in poetry, XIII. 232.
Leontica, ancient feasts, XIII. 232.
Leontini, XXL 55.
Leontium, IV. 156.
Leopard, XIV. 121.
Leopold, king of the Belgians, XVI. 139.
 III., Duke of Austria, XXI. 43.
Leopoldine Academy, II. 68.
Leopontine Alps, II. 558.
Lepadogaster, fish, XIL 221.
Lepanto, Turkish town, XIII. 232—
battle of, XXI. 412.
Lepas, in conchology, XV. 340.
Leper’s Island, XIII. 232.
Lepidolite, specific gravity of, XII. 32.
Lepidoptera, XIII. 232 ; IX. 60, 237.
Lepidopus, fish, XII. 183.
Lepidosteus, fish, XII. 216.
Lepidura prolongata, VII. 503.
Lepidus, XIX. 394, 398.
Lepisma, insect, IX. 295.
Lepismense, insects, IX. 294.
Leposternon, serpent, XX. 123.
Leprosy, XIII. 232 — in Arabia, IIL
336—in Demarara, VII. 707.
Leptides, insects, IX. 266.
Leptidium, in botany, V. 64.
Leptines, VI. 185.
Leptis, insect, IX. 266.
   Magna, II. 236.
Leptocephalus, fish, XIL 226.
Leptocera, insects, IX. 179,
Leptogaster, insect, IX. 269.
Leptopus, insect, IX. 197.
Leptosomus, bird, XVI. 598.
92
INDE X,
LEP—LEU
Leptospermese, in botany, V. 110.
Leptom, ancient coin, XIII, 232.
Leptura, insect, IX. 180,
Lepturette, insects, IX. 180.
Leptus, genus of arachnides, III. 369.
Lepus, constellation, XIII. 232.
 , in zoology, XIV. 139.
Lekida, Spanish city, XIII. 232.
Lercna, in Mexico, XIV. 814.
Lerot, in zoology, XIV, 132—its hyber¬
nation, III. 167.
Lerwick, in Zetland, XIII. 232,
Le Sage. See Sage (Le).
Lesbos, island, XIIL 233.
Lescaille (Janjes), XIII. 233.
liesesne, V. 206.
Lesghistan, in Asia, XIIL 233.
Leskard. See Liskeard.
Lesley (John), bishop, XIII. 233.
Leslie (Charles), XIII. 240.
 (General), V. 316, 326, et seg.
 (Sir John), XIIL 242—on sound,
IL 117—on the speaking-trumpet, 119
—on Hindu algebra, 426—on the hy-
drostatical knowledge of the Romans,
III. 320—on the moon’s light, IV. 3
—his atmometer, 131—on solar heat,
V. 726—on capillary action, VI. 113
—his photometer, 757 ; XIII. 335—
pn the cold produced by evaporation,
VII. 60—his method of artificial con¬
gelation, 62 ,• XI. 191—on dew, VII.
750, 751—on heat, XL 183—his Go¬
niometer, XII. 24—on percussion,
XIV. 390—on the maximum effect of
machines, 394—on the bygroscope,
727 — his hygrometer, 731: XVII.
533 — on the interior of the earth,
499 —his differential thermometer,
XXL 239.
Lesnaia Reka, river, XIII. 252.
Lesparre, in France, XIII. 252.
Lessina, island, XIII. 252.
Lessiijes, a city in the Netherlands,
XIII. 252.
Lessing, XIX. 682—plays of, VIII. 177
—poetry of, XVIII. 167.
Lessoe, island, XIII. 252.
Lesson (M.) on birds, XVI. 552, 586.
Lessons, in church-service, XIIL 252.
Lesteva, insect, IX. 138.
L’Estrange (Sir Roger), XIII. 252.
Lestris, bird, XVI. 633.
Lesueur, a blind man, IV. 701.
Letchlade, XIII. 252.
Lethargy, disease, XIII. 252.
Lethe, river in hell, XIII. 252.
Lethrus, insect, IX. 154.
Leti (Gregorio), XIII. 252.
Letronne on the use of. canvass by the
ancient painters, XVI. <699, n.
Letter, XIII. 253-4—of Attorney, ib.
Letters-Patent, XIII. 254.
Letter-writing, XIII. 254 ; XVIII. 397.
Letter-weighing machines, XXI. 839.
Letters, revival of, I. 14 ; VII. 495.
Lettitschew, in Russia, XIII. 254.
Lettou (John), printer, XVIII. 553.
Lettuce, culture of, XI. 674—evolution
of, III. 80—juice of, XII. 628—useful
for feeding silk-worms, XX. 354.
Leuca, ancient measure, XIII. 254.
Leucadia, island, XII. 341.
Leucata, promontory, XIII. 254.
Leucippus, philosopher, XIII. 255.
Leueiscus, fish, XII. 198—ano-ling for
III. 147.
Leucite, a mineral, II. 659 ; XV. 150-
specific gravity of, XII. 32.
Leucoma, XII). 255.
Leucopetrians, sect, XIII. 255.
Leucophra, animalcules, III. 189.
Leucopis, insect, IX. 291.
Leucothoe, XIII. 255.
Leucothyreus, insect, IX. 158.
Leuctra, in Bceotia, XIII. 255—battle
of, III. 588 ; XX. 527 5 XXI. 196.
Leucus, VII. 464.
Leopold (Jacob), on hydraulics. XVIII.
716—description of his high-pressure
steam-apparatus for raising weights,
&c., XX. 645.
Leusden (John;, XIIL 255.
LEU—LIB
Leuthen, battle of, XVIII. 675; XXL
748.
Leutmeritz, in Bohemia, XIII. 255.
Leutschau, in Hungary, XIIL 255.
Leuwenhoeck. See Leeuwenhoeck.
Leuze, in the Netherlands, XIII. 256.
Levanso, island, XIII. 256.
Levant, XIII. 256—trade of England
with the, VIII. 779—plague of the,
XVII. 772.
 Company, VII. 182.
Level, instrument, XIII. 257.
Levellers, V. 331; XII. 382.
Levelling, XIII. 259 — machine for
levelling land, II. 355.
Levelling-Staves, XIIL 262.
Leven, river in Dumbartonshire, VIII.
258—river in Fife, IX. 543.
 Canal, XVI. 15.
 (Loch), XII. 730; XIX. 740,748.
  —, village in Fife, XIII. 263.
Lever, XIIL 263; XIV. 349, 356-dis¬
covery of a new property of the, by
jEpinus, II. 175.
Lever-watches, VI. 795.
Leveret, young hare, XIII. 263.
Levigation, in pharmacy, XIII. 263.
Levirostres, structure of, XVII. 712.
Levite, XIIL 263; XV. 567.
Leviticus, XIIL 263.
Levroux, French town, XIII. 263.
Lewes, in Sussex, XIII. 263.
Lewis, island, XIH. 263.,
 , an instrument used in building,
XIII. 264 ; XIV. 458.
 (Dr), on ink-making, XII. 277.
 (M. G.),novelist, XIX. 344.
» kings of France. See Louis.
Lewisham, in Kent, XIII. 265.
Lex talionis in Arabia, III. 834.
Lexiarchi, XIII. 265.
Lexicon, XIII. 265. See Dictionary.
Lexington, skirmish at, V. 402.
 , in Kentucky, XII. 698.
Ley (Dr Hugh), on affections of the re¬
spiration, XVII. 484.
Leyden, Dutch city, XIIL 265—uni¬
versity library, 314.
 Isle, XIIL 265.
 Jar, I. 618 ; VIII. 568, 648, 650.
- (John), XIIL 265—on the Asia¬
tic languages, 80, et seq.
 (Lucus Von), XVI. 72L
Leyria, in Portugal, XIIL 268.
Leyta, island, XIII. 268.
Leyton (Low), in Essex, XIIL 268.
Lezoux, French city, XIIL 268.
Lhdyd (Edward), XIIL 268-his attack
pn Boyce, V. 160—his correspondence
with Wodrow, XXI. 910.
 (Humphrey), XIII. 268.
Liancourt, in France, XIIL 269.
Libanius, rhetorician, XIII. 269.
Libanomantia, XIIL 269.
Libanus. See Lebanon.
Libation, XIII. 269.
Libavius (Andrew), VI. 347.
Libel, XIII. 269—law of, V, 393.
Libella, Roman money, XIII. 269.
Libelli, Roman bills, XIII. 269.
Libellula, insect, IX. 209—lives after
decapitation, III. 164.
Liber, V. 33; XXL 576.
Libera, goddess, XIII. 270.
Liberal arts, XIII. 270.
Liberalia, Roman feasts, XIIL 270,
Liberia, XIII. 270, 271.
Libertines, XIII. 271.
Libertus, freedman, XIII. 271.
Liberty, or Freedom, XIII. 271, 171—
Barbour’s encomium of, IV. 370—
promoted by the Crusades, VII. 492;
and by commerce, IX. 410—the Eco¬
nomists on, VIII. 401—Locke on,
XIII. 409—love of, XV. 477 — reli¬
gious, not accorded in ancient Greece,
XX. 447.
  , goddess, XIIL 285.
 — of this Press, XIIL 272—in
China, VI. 567—Locke on, XIII. 413
Milton on, XV. 94—does not exist
in Russia, XIX. 584.
   of the will. See Will.
LIB—LIF
Libes (Mons.), on electricity produced
by pressure, VIII. 600.
Libitina, goddess, XIII. 285.
Libitinarii, XIIL 285.
Libius Severus, emperor, XIX. 423.
Libna, city pf Judah, XIII. 285.
Libourne, in France, XIII. 285.
Libra, XIIL 285—Pensa, ib.
Librarii, copyists, XIIL 285.
Libraries, XIII. 285—Alexandrian, II.
410, 411; XIV. 315—Bodleian, XVI.
(185 Radcliffe, ib,—of Buenos Ayres,
V. 655—Constantinople, XXI. 426—
Denmark, VII. 730—Dublin, VIII.
246 — Edinburgh, 419, 424 Ger¬
many, X. 487—classification of books
in, IV. 631—books deliverable to cer¬
tain libraries by the copyright-act,
VIII. 313. See Palimpsest.
Libration of moon, XIH. 318; IV. 1.
Libri (M.), on the effect of electricity on
odoriferous bodies, VIII. 636.
Liburnia, in Illyricum, XIIL 318,
Liburnus, mountain, XIII. 318.
Libya, XIII. 318, 604—invaded by Aga-
thocles, VI. 188—Lybian war, 193.
Libythia, insect, IX. 242.
Lice, IX. 295—destruction of, XII. 293,
294 ; XXI. 603—on the domestic
animals, 637.
License, in law, XIII. 318.
Licenser of Books, XIII. 318; VI. 279;
IV. 628—in Russia, XIX. 584.
Licentiate, XIIL 318.
LfCEius, physician, XIII. 318.
Lichens, in botany, V. 39, 139—repro¬
ductive organs of, 57—colouring mat¬
ter of, VJ, 484—lichen-starch, 476.
Licfienstein on the giraffe, XIV. 161.
Lichfield. See Litchfield.
Lichia, fish, XII. 186.
Lichtenberq, XIIL 319,
Lichtenberg’s electrical figures, account
of, VIII. 644.
Lichtenberger (Prof.) on the origin of
printing, IV. 623.
Lichtenstein, XIII. 319.
 (Dr), his visit to Lattakoo, V. 22.
Lichterveede, XIII. 319.
Licinian law, XIX. 381.
Licinius, emperor, XIX. 415 ; VI. 735.
 — Stoeo, XIIL 319.
Lieinus, insect, IX. 182.
Licnon, XIII. 319.
Licnophori, XIII. 319.
Licodia, Sicilian city, XHI. 319.
Licola, Italian lake, XIIL 319.
Lictors, Roman officers, XIII. 319.
Lidded (Duncan), XIII. 319.
 , river, XIX. 511.
Liddon’s arctic voyage, XVIII. 220.
Lie, XIIL 319,
Liebau, IV. 330,
Lieberkuhn on vilH of the ileum, II. 815
—his solar microscope, XV. 44.
Liebig on the food pf plants, XXL 579.
Liefkenshoek, XIIL 320.
Liege, XIII. 32p.
Liegnitz, in Prussia, XIII, 320.
Lieou-Kieou. See Loo-Choo.
Lier, or Lierre, XHL 321.
Liesganig, his measures of a meridional
degree, IX. 549.
Lieutaud (Joseph) XIII. 321; II. 702.
Lieutenant, XIII. 321—Lord-Lieuten¬
ants, ib. -Naval, ib.; XVI. 52.
Lievens (John), painter, XIIL 321.
Lievrite^a mineral, XV. 163.
Life, XIIL 321 ; II, 684—tenacity of,
among insects and other animals, III.
163—case of supposed confusion of
animal and vegetable life in animal¬
cules, 187, 191-length of, before tfie
flood, 246—Aristotle on, 0Q6—Bar-
thez on, IV. 420—instances pf longe¬
vity, XIIL 555—duration pf, XIV.
208, 493—expectatkm of, XV. 560 ;
XVIII. 420,424—living beings, XVII.
130-vitalfunctions, ib.—vital affinity,
137—organic phenomena, XVII.
577—vital principle, 578, 594—vital
powers of plants, XXL 586 —life
seemingly restored by galvanism, 681.
LIF—LIM
See Physiology, Death, Mortality, An¬
nuities, Probability.
Life-Assurance, III. 202, 217 ; XII. 310,
See Annuities.
Life-boat, XIII. 327.
Life-Guards, British, III. 620,
Life-Preservers, XIIL 321.
Liffey, Irish river, VIII. 237 —its na¬
vigation, XVI. 22.
Lifford, VIII. 114.
Ligaments, structure and properties of,
II. 739—yellow' or elastic, 740, 760.
Ligamentous structures of the bodv
XVII. 602, 605, 615.
Ligature, XIII. 328.
Light, XHI. 329 ; XVI. 377, et seq.—
Aristotle’s definition of, 1.505—aberra¬
tion of, II. 31; III. 744, 774—its effects
upon plants, 68 ; XVII. 547 ; XXL
575, 577, 584, 585, 587—zodiacal. III.
~^ 1 moon’s, IV. 3—successive pro¬
pagation of, 36—nature of, VI. 646-
amount of solar, at different latitudes,
VI. 747, 748—heat is only light in a
latent form, 756 — electrical, VIII.
583-4 ; XXL 677—loved by infants,
XII. 303—of the sun and sky, XIV.
739 —alternately attracted and re¬
pelled by bodies, XX. 752—Mosaic ac¬
count of its creation, XXI. 207—in¬
stantaneous light apparatus, 679 
light and shade in drawing, VIII. 183.
See Aurora Borealis, Chromatics,
Colour, Gas-Lighting, Lighting, Lu-
cimeter, Optics, Phosphorescent Bo,
dies, Photometer, Polarisation.
Light’s travels in Nubia, VIII. 557.
Light-Horse, cavalier, XIIL 343.
Lighthouse, XIIL 343; XX. 15—
lamps for, XIII. 44—at the mouth
of the Thames, 493. See Sea-lights.
Light-room, in ships, XIIL 343.
Lighter, vessel, XIII. 343.
Lightfoot (John), English theologian.
XIIL 343.
Lightfoot’s Flora Scotica, V. 85.
Lighting of streets, XIIL 344, See
Gas-lighting.
Lightning, XIIL 345; XVII. 542—
electrical nature of, 1.619; VI. 253-
VIII. 569—rapidity of, II. 119—Ste¬
phen Gray on, VHI. 568—transport
of ponderable substances by, 620 
sheet or summer lightning, 622 —
killing by, 638—conductors of, 646 
theory of, XII. 135—death from,
XIV. 499—w'hy most common and vi¬
vid in warm latitudes, XVII. 535,
Ligneous texture of plants, III. 61."
Lignin, VI. 479.
Lignum vitse, sp. gr. of, XII. 32.
Ligny, battle of, V. 540.
Ligula, zoophyte, XXI. 996.
Ligulated, or ligulate, in botany,
XIIL 345 ; V. 42.
Liguria, in Italy, XIII. 345.
Lilac, XVII. 789 —dyeing of lilac-colour,
VIII. 335. 342.
Lilburne (John), XIIL 345.
Liliaceous plants, XIIL 345; V. 135.
Lilius, reform of calendar by, VI. 10.
Lille, XIII. 377—siege of, X. 70.
Lillo (George), XIII. 345—dramatic
. works of, VIII. 174-5; XVIII. 145,
Lilly (John), poet, XIII. 345.
——— (William), XIIL 345 ; IX. 41,
Lily, culture of the, XI. 683.
Lilybrjum, XIII. 346 ; XV. 703.
Ljlye (Wm.), grammarian, XIIL 346.
Lima, XIIL 346.—coinage at, XV. 266
—university of, XVII. 307.
 ,.in conchology, XV. 343.
Limaeina, mollusca, XV. 355.
Limacodes, insects, IX. 248.
Limassol, town in Cyprus, XIIL 347.
Limax, molluscum, XV. 357.
Limbs, XIIL 347 ; XVII. 615.
Limbat, a wind in Cyprus, XIII. 347.
Limber-strake of a ship, XX. 284.
Limborch (Philip), XIIL 347.
Limburg, XIIL 348.
Lime, its use as a manure, II. 300 ;
VIII. 261; in mortar, V. 664 5 XIV.
INDEX
93
L1M—LIN
288; in purifying gas, X. 351—crys¬
tallized and stalactitic carbonates of,
V. 786, 787—chemical properties of,
VI. 396—salts of, 147—saccharate of,
472 — pyro-electricity of oxalate of,
598—phosphorescent effects of elec¬
tricity on calcareous substances, VIII.
633—sp. gr. of hyposulphite of, XII.
31—poisonous quality of, XIV. 502-
carbonate o t'; see Iceland-spar, Lime¬
stone* Marble.
Limerick, Irish county, XIII. 348.
, town, XIII. 350—siege of, in
1691, V. 364 ; XII. 377—treaty of,
378; V. 364—navigation, XVI. 22.
Limestone, XV. 141, 190 — u5ed in
smelting iron, VI. 402—specific gra¬
vity of, XII. 32—magnesian, XV. 200,
201; XXI. 180—much of it produced
by animalcules, 1021—of Derbyshire,
VII. 735; Edinburghshire, VIII. 429 ;
Russia, XIX. 566; Scotland, 749. See
the geographical articles generally.
Lime-tree, XI. 659 ; XVII. 784—its use
in joinery, XII. 618.
Limigantes, VII. 275, 276.
Limit, in mathematics, &c., XIII. 350.
Limited Problem, XIII. 350.
Limitrophic organs, II. 814 ; III. 32.
Limnea, in conchology, XV. 348, 358.
Limnebius, insect, IX. 151.
Limning, XIII. 350.
Limnobia, insect, IX. 260.
Limnochares, arachnides, III. 369;
Limnoria terebrans, VII. 502.
Limoges, in France, XIII. 350.
Limosa, birds, XVI. 623.
Limqux, in Franqe, XIII. 350.
Limpet, XV. 373.
LinacrE (Tho.), physician, XIII. 850.
Linant (Monsieur), his voyage on the
Nile, XVI. 226;
Linares, Mexican town, XIV. 818.
Linari on thermo-electricity, XXL 699.
Linaria, bird, XVI. 581.
Lincei, Academy of, II. 69.
Lincoln, English city, XIII. 351—ca¬
thedral of, III. 474.
Lincolnshire, XIII. 351—sheep, II.
328—iron-bridges, V. 279—embank¬
ments, VIII. 676, 680—fisheries, IX.
602—duck-catching, XVI. 638.
Lincoln’s Inn, XII. 282 ; XIII. 527.
Lincoln’s Inn Fields, XIII. 545.
Lind (Dr James), his anemometer, XVII.
538; XVIII. 113.
Linden-wood, specific gra- ity of, XII. 32.
Lindesfarn, XL 535 ; XVI. 253.
Lindley (Mr), on the utility of a Species
Plantarum, V. 91—his classification
of plants, 93.
Lindo, XIII. 358.
Lindsay (Sir David), XIII. 353 ; VI. 94
—Chalmers’s edition of, 309—his Sa¬
tire of the Three Estates, VIII. 154.
Lindsey, in Lincolnshire, XIII. 358.
Lindus, town in Rhodes, XIII. 358.
Line, in geometry, XIII. 359; X. 431-2.
  —, in war, XIII. 359.
 -OF BATTLE, XIII. 359; XXL
755.
— , Horizontal—Equinoctial—Me¬
ridian— Ship of the — Genealogical,
XIII. 859.
Lines, in heraldry, XIII. 359 ; XL 245.
Lineae, in botany, V. 103.
Lineament, in painting, XIII. 359.
Linear Numbers, XIII. 359.
■ Problem, XIII. 359.
Linen, XIII. 359—bleaching of, IV.
678, 688—its loss of weight in bleach¬
ing, 689—calendering of, VI. 20-
dyes worse than silk and wool, VIII.
298—method of dyeing it red, 316;
yellow, 323 ; blue, 327; black, 330 ;
green, 333; violet, 336; orange, 337;
mixtures of black, &c., 338—imports
of, into the United Kingdom, 783—
fossil, XIII. 362.
Linen-Manufacture of Antrim, III. 275;
Armagh, 573 ; Dunfermline, VIII.
282; England, 776; Fife, IX. 544;
France, X. 181; Germany, 489; Ire-
LIN-LIS
land, XII. 403 ; Scotland, XIX. 768 ;
Tipperary, XXL 315 ; Tyrone, 440 ;
WUrtemberg, 946.
Ling, fish, XII. 218.
Ling-fishery, Scotch, IX. 600.
Lingam, V. 176.
Lingard (Dr), on the character of Crom¬
well, V. 389—on the Restoration, 341
— on the great Plague in London,
315 on a part of king Edgar’s his-
tory, VIII. 705, n.—on the massacre
of St Bartholomew, X. 33 n.—on the
influence of Wycliffe’s biblical labours,
XXL 951.
Lingen, Hanoverian city, XIII. 362.
Lingual bone, in man, II. 781.
Lingufa, in conchology, XV. 349, 365.
Linkoping, in Sweden, XIII. 362.
Linlithgow, Scotch burgh, XIII. 362.
Linlithgowshire, XIII. 362.
Linnaean Society of London, V. 85—
Linnaean school in France, 86, 91.
Linnaeus (Sir Charles), XIII. 364—his
character as a natural historian, II.
H2~°n the manufacture of sal-am¬
moniac, 661—his classification of ani¬
mals, III. 169, 171; bf the mamma-
lia, XIV. 78—on ants. III. 239 ; the
Crustacea, VII. 500; fishes, XII. 152;
the mollusca, XV. 829, 336 ; birds,
XVI. 546—his botanical nomencla¬
ture and system, V. 58, 72—botani¬
cal labours of his son, 78—his mu¬
seum and library, 85—his admirable
style, ib.--his description of himself,
XIV. 78.
Linnet, XVI. 581.
Linois (Admiral), V. 519, 522,
Linosa, island, XHI. 368.
Lint, in surgery. XIII. 368. See Flax,
Hemp, Linen.
Linton, in Cambridgeshire, XIII. 368.
Lintstock, military staff, XIII. 368.
Linos, ancient poet, XIII. 368.
 (Father), his opposition to Pas¬
cal, IV. 387.
Linyphia, arachnides, III. 360.
Linz, XIII. 368.
Lion, XIV. 121—of Africa, II. 228 ;
Asia, III. 682; Hindustan, XI. 382
—its structure, XVII. 704--less cou-
lageous than the dog, XX. 310—lion¬
shooting, 302.
 , in heraldry, XL 253.
Lion-ant, IX. 212.
Lion’s Inn, Chancery,'XII. 282.
Lioncelles, in heraldry, XIII. 868.
Liorhynchus, zoophyte, XXI. 997.
Liotard, Swiss painter, XIII. 368.
Lipara, insect, IX. 288.
Lipari Islands, XIII. 369,
Liparis, fish, XII. 222.
Lipafites, VII. 28 3,
Liparus, insect, IX. 175.
Lipenius, bibliographical dictionaries of,
IV. 630.
Lipes, in Bolivia, XIII. 370.
Lipezk, in Russia, XIII. 370.
Lippa, Hungarian town, XIII. 370.
Lippe, German city XIII. 370.
Lippe-Detmold, principality in Ger¬
many, XIII. 371.
Lippersheim (John), the alleged inven¬
tor of the telescope, XVI. 354.
Lippi (Lorenzo), painter, XIII. 371.
 (Professor), of Florence, on the
lymphatics, II. 729.
Lippstadt, Prussian city, XIII. 371.
Lips, XVII. 668—muscles of the, II.
794—anatomy of the, 802.
Lipsitjs (Justus), XIII 371.
Liqdefaction, XIII. 375; XI. 189,
Liquid, XIII. 375. See Fluid.
Liquidambar tree, XVII. 790.
Liquor, XIII. 375.
Liquorice, specific gravity of juice of,
XII. 31—culture of, at Tortosa, XXI.
340.
Liquorice-sugar, VI. 474.
Lirellas, in botany, V. 57.
Liriconite, a mineral, XV; 145;
Lis (John Vander), painter, XIII. 375.
 (John V.), of Breda, XIII. 375.
LIS—LIV
Lisbon, XIII. 375—Geographical Aca¬
demy of, II. 68—Royal Academies of
Sciences and Portuguese History, 73,
75—earthquake at, X. 598; XVIL
511; XVIII. 471—schools at, 481.
Lisburn, Irish town, XIII. 377.
Lisdownvarna, in Clare, chalybeate
spring of, VI. 725.
Lisieux, in France, XIII. 377.
Liskeard, XIII. 233 —Liskeard and
Lose Canal, XVL 15.
Lisle, XIII. 377—siege of, X. 70.
 (Joseph N. De), XIII. 377.
Lismore, XIII. 378.
Lispe, insect, IX. 284.
Lissa, island, XIII. 378.
— , Prussian city, XIII. 378
 , insect, IX. 286.
Lissonotus, insect, IX. 178.
List, XIII. 379—Civil, ib.
Lister (Martin), XIII. 379 — on the
habits of spiders, III. 356—on con¬
chology, XV. 331.
 — (Mr), on the small ascidia, XV.
368—on the structure of the muscles,
XVII. 609.
 (J.), on the microscope, XV. 39.
Liston (Rev. Henry), his euharmonic
organ, XVI. 533.
  (Mr), on surgical instruments
and surgery, XX. 831, et seq.
Litany, XIII. 379.
Litchfield, English city, XIII. 379—
 , in Connecticut, XIII. 379.
Literary, XIII. 379—diseases of lite¬
rary men, XIV. 509 — literary pro¬
perty ; see Copyright.,
Literati in China, XIII. 379.
Literature encouraged in China, VI, 567.
See Belles Lettres, Letters.
Litharge, XIII. 380 ; VI. 411.
L-ithgow (William), XIII. 380.
Lithia, VI. 395—salts of, 446.
Lithium, VL 395.
Lithobius, insect, XV. 654.
Lithographic ink, XII. 280.
Lithography, XIII. 380.
Lithomantia, XIII. 386.
Lithomarge, in mineralogy, XV. 148-
specific gravity of, XII. 32.
LithontriPtics, XIII. 386.
Lithophytes, zoophytes, XXI. 1024.
Lithosia, insect, IX. 248.
Lithostroton. XIII. 386.
Lithotomy, XIII. 886 ; II. 703—an¬
cient, XX. 822, 825—modern, 823,
829, 831—operation of, 841—on the
horse, XXL 628.
Lithotrity, XX. 841—an ancient opera¬
tion, 822.
Lithuania, a Polish province, XIII.
386—language of, 89.
Lithurgus, insect, IX. 233.
Litina, in Russia, XIII. 386,
Litmus, XIII. 387; VI. 484.
Litter, XIII. 387.
Little (Andrew), XXL 171, n. 2;
Littleton (Sir Thomas), XIII. 387.
   (Adam), XIII. 387.
Littorina, in conchology, XV; 347.
Lituola. in conchology, XV, 345.
Liturgy, XIII. 387.
Lituus, XIII. 387.
Livadja, Turkish town, XIII. 387.
Live-Stock, improvement of by Bake-
well, II. 263, 322—turnip-feeding of,
287—management Of, 316. See Cattle,
Sheep, Pigs, &c.
Liver, II. 817-—worms in the, III. 162;
XXI; 991—diseases of the, XVII.
479, 482—its relations to the stomach,
491—circulation of blood in the, 656
— its excretory functions, 655 — of
brutes, 702, et seq.—its diseases in
the domestic animals, XXI. 627.
Liverpool, XIII. 388, 53—effect o# the
cotton-manufacture on, VII. 413—Dr
Currie’s residence in, 554—docks of,
VIII. 75—scouring of these, 194 —ca¬
nal to Leeds, XVI. 15—railway to
Manchester, XIX. 23, et seq.—tide-
tables, XXL 284.
 , in Nova Scotia, XVI. 286.
LIV—LOG
Liverpool (Lord). See Jenkinsoii.
Livery, XIII. 400.
Liverymen of London, XIII. 400.
Livia, XIX. 401—insect, IX. 205.
Livings in English Church, VIII. 788-9,
Livius Andronicus, XIII. 401; VIIL
151—poetry of, XVIII. 153.
 (Titus),or Livy, XIII. 400—his
Roman History, III. 263, 265; XVL
212, 764—his character as a histori¬
an, VI. 7l0—peculiarity of his style,
XVIL 120.
Livonia, XIII. 401—interest of money
in, XII. 323—language of, XHI. 90.
Livonica Terra, XIII. 401.
Livorno, in Piedmont, XIII. 401.
Livre (French), XIII. 402; XV. 398,
Livron (Marquis of), VIII. 502.
Liwny, in Russia, XIII. 402.
Lixivious, XIIL 402.
Lixivium, in pharmacy, XIIL 402;
Lixuri, in Cephalonia, XII. 341.
Lixus, insect, IX. 174.
Lizard Cape, XIII. 402.
Lizards, XIX. 138—their bones. III. 13,
et seq>—structure, XVII. 713.
Ljubim, in Russia, XIII. 402.
Llama, XIV. 157; IV. 747.
Llanbadarn Fawr, XIII. 402.
Llanbeblick, in Wales, XIII. 402.
Llanbeder, Welsh town, XIII. 402,
Llandaff, Welsh city, XIII. 402.
Llandillo-Vawr, XIII. 402.
Llandovery, Welsh town, XIII. 402.
Llanelly, XIIL 402 ; V. 771.
Llangaddock. XIII. 402.
Llangollen, Welsh town, XIII. 402—
aqueduct at, III. 322.
Llanos (San Juan deLos), XIIL 402-3.
 of South America, II. 607; XVIL
501.
Llan-Rhaidar-yn-Mochnant, in Den¬
bighshire, XIII. 403.
Llantrissant, XIII. 403.
Llanvilling, XIII. 403.
Llanydloes, XIII. 403,
Llaugharne, V. 771.
Llobregat, river, VI. 239.
Llorente on the Spanish Inquisition,
XII. 286, et seq.
Lloyd (William), bishop, XIIL 403.
  (Prof.), on the dip of the needle,
&e., XIII. 769—on optics, XVL 375,
427,433, 484, 507.
  (Mr), his account of Panama,
XVI.'782, n.—on the capercali of Swe¬
den, XX. 317—on retreats in war,
XXI. 753.
Loach, XII. 199—angling for, HI. 148.
Load, in mining, XIII. 403.
  of timber, XXI. 297.
Loadstone, or magnet, XHI. 702, 709.
See Magnet.
Loaf, English and French, IV. 296.
Loams, earths, XIII. 493.
Loan, XIII. 403—Mosaic law respect¬
ing, XV. 566. See Funding System.
Loando (St Paul de>, XIII. 403.
 , island, XIII. 403,
Loango, XIH. 403, 404 ;III. 152.
Loasa, in botany, V. 64.
Loasese, in botany, V. 110.
Lobatto (M.>, on mortality in Amster¬
dam, XV. 557.
Lobau, XXI, 646.
Lobby, in architecture, XIII. 404.
Lobe, in anatomy, XIII, 404.
Lobelia, culture of, XI. 685.
Lobeliese, in botany, V. 117.
Lobestein, German city, XIII. 404.
Lobipes, bird, XVI. 625.
Lobo (Jerome), Jesuit, XIIL 404—hi?
travels in Abyssinia, II. 53;
Loboks, fish, XII. 176.
Lobstein on pathology, XVII. 126.
Lobster, VII. 502 ; XVII. 720.
Locality, faculty of, XVII. 464.
Locarno, Swiss town, XIII. 404.
Loccum, German town, XIII. 404,
Lochaber, XIII. 404.
Loches, in France, XIIL 404.
Lochleven, XII. 730; XIX. 748—Queen
Mary in the castle of, 740,
94
INDEX
LOG—LOG
Lochmaben, VIII. 262.
Lochy (Loch), its navigation, XVI. 10.
 , river, XII. 335.
Locks, XIII. 404—ancient, III. 261—
Bramah’s, V. 182—Mr Rutherford’s
application of clock-work to, VI. 784.
 of guns, XI. 38.
 of canals, XIII. 408 5 XVI. 30 ;
XIX. 293-tide-lock, XVI. 32—river-
lock, 34.
Lock-jaw in animals, XXI. 634.
Locke (John), XIII. 408—his division
of objects of knowledge, I. 8, 9—on
distinction between mind and matter,
57—on the varieties of mind, 76—
WarburtOn’s opinion of his philoso¬
phy, 80—his Essay on Human Under¬
standing, 100, et seq.—his early studies
and pursuits, 101—diligently studied
previous metaphysical writings, 103
— his style, 104 — reception of his
Essay, ib., 105, 106, 249—its influ¬
ence on Crousaz, 106—diffusion of his
principles in France, 108, 250—his
constant appeal to reason, an antidote
against the errors involved in some
of his conclusions, 108—misinterpre¬
tations of his doctrines, 109, etseq.—
on ideas from sensation and reflection,
110-12 — his use of the term reflec¬
tion, 111, 253—represents sensation
and reflection as distinct sources of
knowledge, 113—disavowed the conclu¬
sion which some drew from his rea¬
sonings, 117—Lord Shaftesbury’s at¬
tack on, 118—his tracts on, Education
and the Conduct of the Understand¬
ing, 119, 121—his letter to Newton,
119—defects of his intellectual cha¬
racter, 120-21—on the intercourse be¬
tween mind and matter, 125—princi¬
pal opponents of, 253—his doctrines
contrasted with those of Leibnitz, 126
—injustice done to him hy Leibnitz,
255—on the scale of beings, 136—on
free will, 143—quotation from a let¬
ter of his to Anthony Collins, 264—
effects of his writings in promoting
the cause of education, 269—on the
perception of colour and figure, 166—
on the silver coinage, VII. 37—his
common-place book, 177—on the se¬
quence of ideas, VIII. 435—on enthm
siasm, IX. 58—on instinct, XII. 296
—on innate ideas, I. 109, et seq.; XIV,
601—on perception, 605—on memory,
614—on abstract ideas, 623—on power,
635—on personal identity, 680—on
genera and species, XVI. 556 — on
money, XVIII. 266—on the source of
wealth, 273—on idiocy, 773—on the
incidence of taxes, XXI. 97—his de¬
finition of wit, 905.
 (Ur), his thermoscopic galvano¬
meter, XXI. 700.
Lochmine, French town, XHL 416.
Locle, Swiss town, XIII. 416.
Locomotion, XVII. 580—organs of, II.
759, 792. See Muscles.
Locri, ancient town, XIII. 416.
Locus Geometricus, XHI. 416.
Loculi, in botany, V. 47.
Locust, IX. 192 ; XL 384—locusts in
Abyssinia, II. 49—Africa, 229—Ara¬
bia, III. 329—Asia, 684—Barbary,
IV. 362—Egypt and Syria, XXI. 603
—people who feed on, II. 128—their
tenacity of life, HI. 163—alleged
showers of, XIX. 60.
Locustae, in botany, V. 40.
Locctius, XIII. 416.
Locutorium, XIII. 416.
Loddon, town in Norfolk, XIII. 416.
Lodeve, in France, XIII. 416.
Lodgement, XIII. 416.
Lodi, Austrian province, XIII. 416—
battle of, X. 100 ; XV. 716.
Lodwic (Monsieur), his plan of a uni¬
versal alphabet, V. 321.
Loeschman’s patent organ, XVI. 533.
Log, Jewish measure, XIII. 416.
   (ship’s), XIII. 416; XV. 747.
  —- (Perpetual), XIII. 416.
LOG—LON
Log-Line, XIII. 416.
Log-Board, XIII. 416.
Log-Book, XIII. 416.
Loganiaceae, in botany, V. 120.
Logan-stone, XX. 736.
Logarithms, XIII. 417—in algebra, II.
470—effect of their invention on the
progress of astronomy, III. 741—in¬
vention of, I. 447 ; XIV, 316 ; XV. 692
—applied to navigation, 748; to trigo¬
nometry, XXL 374. See Napier.
Logi, VI. 2.
Logic, XIII. 433—rise of, XVII. 561—
wherein different from rhetoric, XIX.
201—account of Plato’s logical me¬
thod, XVIII. 26.
Logist.e, Athenian officers, XIII. 462.
Logography, XIII. 462.
LogronO, Spanish town, XIII. 462—
battle of, XX. 497.
Logwood, VIII. 311 5 XI. 550 ; XIV.
817—colouring matter of, VI. 484—
specific gravity of, XII. 32,
Lohenstein, poetry of, XVIII. 167.
Loing, canal of, XVI. 6.
Loins, vertebrae of the, II. 7 61—muscles
of the, 793.
Loire, French river, XIII. 462 ; X. 169
—canal of the, XVI. 5.
 ,—, French department, XIII. 462
—Lower, ib.—Upper, 463.
 and Cher, XIII. 463.
Loiret, in France, XIII. 463.
Loja, Spanish city, XIII. 463.
Loke, XIII. 463.
Lokeren, in Flanders, XIII. 464.
Lokman the Wise, XIII. 464.
Loligo, molluscum, XV. 353.
Lollards, XIII. 464 ; VIII. 732, 733.
Lollardy, XI, 274.
Lollius Urbicus, XIX. 695.
Lombard (Peter), XIII. 464.
Lombard’s hive, III. 283.
Lombard school of painting, XVI. 719.
Lombards, XIII. 464; X. 479—their
invasion of Italy, XII. 465—their
wars with the Roman emperors, VII.
282.
Lombardy, XIII. 469—cotton-manufac¬
ture of, VII. 420—irrigation in, XII.
455, 484—kingdom of, 465.
Lombe (Mr), silk-spinning introduced
into England by, XX. 341.
Lombez, in France, XIII. 484.
Lombrinera, worm, XL 220.
Lombrose’s Hebrew bible, IV. 614.
Lomechusa, insect, IX. 138.
Lomond (Loch), VIII. 258 ; XVII. 523;
XIX. 748—its temperature at diffe¬
rent depths, VI. 749.
Lomonozop, Russian poet, XIII. 484.
Lonchaea, insect, IX. 286.
Lonchoptera, insects, IX. 278.
London, XIII. 485—Royal Academy of
Arts, II. 73—Academies of Music, 74
■—repaired by Alfred, 418, n. 2—ar¬
chitecture of St Paul’s Cathedral, III.
429 ; its dome, 388, 389 ; dome-vault¬
ing, 392 ; protection from lightning,
VI. 105 ; roof, XIX. 440, 441, 454-
architecture of Whitehall, III. 428 ;
of Sir Christopher Wren’s edifices,
428 ; of those of later architects, 429
—architecture and roof of St Paul’s
Church, Covent Garden, 428 ; VI. 169
—roof of St Martin’s in the Fields,
ib.—Somerset House, III. 429—speci¬
mens of pointed architecture, 454—
architecture of public buildings 457,
et seq.—Astronomical Society, 753—
bread,IV, 296, 298, 300—baking, 296,
299, 301 -— Corn-Exchange, 302 —
Gresham College, 388 ; X.(776—bo¬
tanical school, V. 83, 84—porter, 252
—brewing, 253—fermenting-house in
Whitbread and Co.’s brewery, 255—
bricks, 259, et seq.—Bridewell, 263—
bridges, 270, et seq., 279,282—Black-
friars Bridge, III. 887 ; centre for it,
VI. 287, 290—piles of London Bridge,
VIII. 233—Southwark Bridge, XIX.
121 — Waterloo Bridge, 122—New
London Bridge, ib—Great Plague, V.
LON—LOO
344—Great Fire, 345—anti-Catholic
riots, 413 — Rathbone - Place Water,
VI. 261 — Chartreuse, or Charter-
house, 333—the term Cockney, Vll.
16—the Mint, 32, 38—Boctors’ Com¬
mons, 69—College of Physicians, ib.
—Sion College, ib.—Foundling Hospi¬
tal, 321—cutlery-manufacture, 566-
dairies, 588—Deaf and Dumb Asylum,
657—docks, VIII. 75—convent of the
Black-friars, 108 — theatres, 178 ;
XVH'I. 49 ; XXI. 191—roof of Drury
Lane Theatre, VI. 169 — Egyptian
Society, VIII. 560—port of, 763; V.
271—University, VIII. 789; XXI. 506
—fish-markets, IX. 592, 593, 596—
gas-works, X. 349—Royal Exchange,
776—Guy’s Hospital, XI. 89—Inns
of Court, XII. 281 ; XIII. 527 ; of
Chancery, XII. 282 — street-lamps,
XIH. 45, 345 — libraries, 294, et
seq.,—change in the variation of the
needle at, 737—change in the dip of
the needle, 745—mortality, XV. 514 ;
VIII. 800—banking, XVII. 27—Re¬
gent’s Canal, XVI. 17—navigation of'
the Thames, *20—newspapers, 169—
police, XVIII. 249—gambling-houses,
251—prostitutes, ib.—post-office, 490
—Newgate, 585—Trinity House, XX.
28—Royal Society, 434 ; its institu¬
tion, IV. 388 — Inner, Middle, and
Outer Temples, XXL 178 — high
water, 284—Thames-tunnel, 403, 407.
London (New), XIH. 550; XII. 591.
Londonderry, XIII. 550—siege of, in
1689, V. 363; XII. 376.
  — (Lord). See Castlereagh.
Long, XIII. 554 ; VIII. 11.
   Boat, XIII. 554 ; IV. 722.
 * Benton, XIII. 554.
 Island, XIII. 554 ; XVI. 184.
   (Major); on the cannibalism of
the Potowatomies, II. 621.
 — (Roger), XIII. 554.
 primer type, XXI. 436.
Long-sightedness, cause and remedy of,
XVI. 513; XVII. 671.
Longevity, XIII.555—fromabstinence,
II. 45. See Life.
Longford, Irish county, XIII. 555.
Longicornes, insects, IX. 177.
Longimetry, XIII. 557.
Longing, appetite, XIII. 557.
Longinico, Turkish town, XIII. 557.
Longinus (Dionysius Cassius), XIII.
557 ; XVI. 776 ; XVII. 406, n. ?.
Longipalpi, insects, IX. 137.
Longipennae, birds, XVI. 631.
Longirostres, birds, XVI. 620.
Longitarsus, insects, IX. 184.
Longitude, XIII. 558; X. 404; XV.
752—in astronomy, III. 759—method
of reducing geocentric to heliocen¬
tric, IV. 19—methods of finding it,
65, 71; X. 400; XX. 57 ; at sea,
XV. 782, 789—Table of length of de¬
grees of, at different latitudes, X. 405
—its effect on temperature, XVII.
543; on plants, 547—calculation Of
longitudes in the trigonometrical sur¬
vey, XXI. 368—Harrison’s chrono¬
meters, XI. 155.
Longitudinal, XIII. 564.
Longobardi. See Lombards.
Longomontanus (Christian), XIII. 564
—on astronomy, III. 739 — on loga¬
rithms, XIII. 418.
Longtown, in Cumberland, XIII. 565.
Longueruana, II. 676.
Longus, Greek sophist, XIII. 565.
Lonicereae, in hotany, V. 115.
Lonigo, Italian city, XIII. 565.
Lons Le Saulnier, XIII. 565.
Lontar Pulo Isle, XIII. 565.
Loo-Choo Islands, XIII. 565—lan¬
guage of the, 92.
Loodanahs, XI. 397.
Looe (East and West), XIII. 565.
Loop, in a ship, XIII. 566.
Look-out, in sea language, XIII. 566.
Lookiang, Burmese river, XIII. 566.
Looking-Glass, XlII. 566. See Mirror.
LOO—LOU
Lool, in metallurgy, XIII. 566.
Loom, XIII. 566; XXI. 824—carpet-
loofn, VI. 173—Indian loom, VII.
395—power-loom, 408 ; X. 558; XXI.
830. See Power-Loom.
  , at sea, XIII. 566.
Loonghee, Burmese town, XIII. 567.
Loop, in iron-making, XIII. 567.
Lootf Ali Khan, XVII. 270.
Lop, Asiatic lake, XIII. 567.
Lopez (Dr Don Vicente), V. 660.
Lopez de Vega. See Vega.
Lophius, fish, XII. 194,
Lophobranchii, fishes, XII. 227.
Lophophorus, bird, XVI. 606,
Lophorina, birds, XVI. 588.
Lophosia, insect, IX. 282.
Lophotes, fishes, XII. 189.
 , birds, XVI. 565.
Lophyropa, Crustacea, VII. 503.
Lophyrus, insect, IX. 217.
 , reptile, XIX. 143.
Lopoldstadt, XIII. 225.
Loppen,island, XIII. 112.
Loranthacejc, in botany, V. 115.
Lorarii, Roman officers, XIII. 567.
Lorca, Spanish city, XIII. 567.
Lord, honorary title, XIII. 567.
Lords (House of), XIII. 567 ; IX. 12 j
XVII. 85.
Lord Auckland’s Group, IV. 217.
Lord Howe’s Group, XIII. 567. n
Lordat (Prof.), on the relations of de¬
signing to anatomy, XIV. 518,
Lordosis, spinal disease, XIH. 567.
Lorenzo de Medici. See Medici.
Loretto, in the Papal States, XIII. 567
—Santa Casa at, VI. 209.
 , Neapolitan town, XIH. 567.
Lorgues, French city, XIII. 568.
Lorica, Roman cuirass, XIII. 568.
Loricaria, fish, XII. 203.
Loricera, insect, IX. 128.
Loriol, French town, XIII. 568
Loris, in zoology, XIV. 97.
Lorius, bird, XVI. 603.
Lorn, in Scotland, XIII. 568.
Lory, bird, XVI. 603.
Losh’s patent rail, XIX. 23.
Lossiemouth, VIII. 668.
Lostwithiel, Cornish town, XIII. 568
Lot, in France, XHI. 568.
Lot and Garonne, XIII. 568.
Lot, or chance, V. 315.
Lota, fish, XII. 218.
Lothaire, X. 10.
Lothian, XIII, 568. See Edinburgh¬
shire, Haddingtonshire, Linlithgow¬
shire.
Lothian’s revolving balance, XXI. 837.
Lothing (Lake), VIII. 193.
Lotion, XIII. 568.
Lotophagi, XIII. 568.
Lottery, XIII. 569.
Lotus, V. 106.
Loudeac, ii} France, XIII. 569.
Loudon, in France, XIII. 569.
 Hill, battle of, V. 351.
 (A,), his visit to the Valley of
Death, XVIII. 183.
  (J. L.), on flower-gardens, XI.
676—his design for a suspension-
bridge, XXI. 8.
Louer, Hindu town, XIII. 569.
Loughborough, town in Leicestershire,
XIII. 570.
Louhans, in France, XIII. 570.
Louis, (Knights of St), XIII. 570.
 D’Or, coin, XHl. 570; XV. 407.
 (Dr), on medical jurisprudence,
XIV. 491.
 (St), or Senegal, XX. 94.
  (St), in Missouri, XV. 303.
 le Debonnaire, X. 10.
 the Stammerer, X. 11.
—  the Gross, X. 12.
 VII., reign of, X. 13.
 VIII., X. 13.
—  IX., reign of, X. 13—crusades of,
VII. 483, 486 ; XVI. 758.
 X., reign of, X. 15.
 XI., reign of, X. 25—his employ¬
ment of, and favours to Philip d»
INDEX
95
LOU—LUB
Comines, VII. 151—-Montesquieu’s
opinion of, XV. 131—his treatment of
the Swiss, XXI. 43.
Louis XII., reign of, X. 29—his invar
Sion of Italy, XII. 475.
  XIII., reign of, X. 34 ; XIV.
341—duelling in reign of, VIII. 253.
 XIV., reign of, X. 34—charac¬
ter of the court of, I. 53—wars of,
III. 597 ; in the Netherlands, IV. 220;
against the Dutch, V. 347 ; XI. 525 ;
with Britain, V. 368—his admiration
of Bourdaloue, 152—his treatment of
James the Second, 358, 366—perse¬
cution of the Protestants in his reign,
VIII. 135—duelling, 253—his army,
X. 204—poetry of the age of, XVIII.
165—his navy, XX. 226, 333—Siamese
ambassadors sent to, 323.
 XV., reign of, X. 34—Damien’s
attempted assassination of, VII. 608.
 XVI., reign of, X. 37.
 XVII., reign of. X. 97.
Louisiade, XIII. 570 ; IV. 211.
Louisiana, XIII. 570—its cession to
Prance in 1802 ; V. 510—its sove¬
reignty ceded by the Spaniards to
Bonaparte, 514—canals in, XVI. 26
—railroads in, XXI. 47 4—state-bonds
of, 479.
Louisville, in Kentucky, XII. 698.
Louristan, in Persia, XIII. 574.
Louse, IX. 295. See Lice.
Louth, Irish county, XIII. 574.
 , in Lincolnshire, XIII. 576.
 Canal, XVI. 15.
Louvain, in Belgium, XIII. 576.
Louvet’s romances, XIX. 354.
Louviess, in France, XIII. 576.
Louvre, XVII. 76, 78, 238.
Love, XIII. 576 ; ,XV. 474—an ingre¬
dient in the spirit of chivalry, VI.
595—interest imparted by it to the
drama, VIII. 143, 156, 164—sexual,
XVII. 461, 689 —amatory poetry,
XVIII. 156.
Love-apple, XI. 675.
Love-feasts, II. 240.
Lovelace, XVIII. 170.
Lovel (Viscount), his insurrection in
Henry VIl.’s reign, VIII. 740.
Lovere, Italian city, XIII. 579.
Lovi (Mrs), her beads, VII. 593.
Lowance, Persian river, XIII. 579.
Lowashan, province of the Burmese
Empire, XIII. 579.
Low-Bell, in birding, XIII. 579.
Lowe, a Scotch surgeon, XX. 829.
Lowell, in Massachusetts, XIV. 304.
Lovvenorn’s voyage, XVIII. 219.
Lower (Richard), XIII. 579 ; II. 699.
Lowering, in distilling, XIII. 579..
Lowestoff, XIII. 579 — naval battle
with the Dutch off, V. 343—harbour
near, VIII. 193—navigation to Nor¬
wich, XVI. 16.
Lowlands of Scotland, XIX. 745.
Lowndes on the silver coinage, VII. 37.
Lowry (Wilson), IX. 55.
Lowth (Dr William), XIII. 579.
  (Dr Robert), XIII. 580—his
opinion of the common English trans¬
lation of the bible, I. 18, n. 1—his opi¬
nion of Hooker’s style, 39.
Lowther (Sir James), V. 418.
Loxa, in Colombia, XIII. 581—Spanish
city, 463.
Loxia, birds, XVI. 581.
Loxocera, insect, IX. 286.
Loyd (S. J.), on the issuing of paper
money, XVII. 26.
Loyne, or Lime, river. See Lune.
Loyola (Ignatius), XII. 244, 552.
Loyosa, his visit to the Ladrone Islands,
XVIII. 316.
Lozenge, XIII. 581—in heraldry, ib.;
XI. 252.
Lozere, in France, XIII. 581.
Lozolo, Italian town, XIII. 582.
Lubbock (Mr), on annuities, III. 203—
on the orbits of comets, VII. 139—on
probability, XVIII. 594—his Essay
on the Heat of Vapours, XX. 484—
n
LUB—LUD
error in that work, XXI. 242—on the
tides, 274, et seq.
Lubec, island, XIII. 582.
 , in Maine, XIV. 44.
Lubeck, XIII. 582 ; IV. 329—its com¬
merce, VII. 158; with Denmark, 720
—coins, XV. 410—weights and mea¬
sures, XXI. 854.
Lubienietski (Stanislaus), XIII. 582.
Lubin (Eilhard), XIII. 583.
Lublin, Polish province, XIII. 583.
Lubni, in Russia, XIII. 533.
Luc (J. A. de), XIII. 583—on barome¬
tric measurements, I. 614; IV. 398—
his disingenuous appropriation of the
discovery of latent heat, IV. 657—on
Hannibal’s route across the Alps,
VI. 196, n.—on the creation of the
earth, VII. 456—on evaporation, IX.
426 —his hygrometer, XII. 113;
XVII. 533—his pyrometer, XVIII.
749—his electric pile, XXI. 673.
Lucanas, in Peru, XIII. 584.
Lucania, in Italy, XIII. 584.
Lucanides, insects, IX. 161.
Lucanus (M. A.), XIII. 585 ; XIX. 403
—poetry of, XVIII. 155—Burman’s
edition of his Pharsalia, V. 719.
 , insect, IX. 162.
Lucar (St),de Barraineda, XIII. 585.
 (St), de Guadiana, XIII. 585.
Lucaria, Roman feast, XIII. 585.
Lucarno, lake, XII. 483.
Lucas (Charles), XII. 381.
 (Jacobs), artist, XIII. 585.
 (Richard), divine, XIII. 586.
  Paciolus, or De Burgo, on alge¬
bra, II. 422—on geometry, X. 429.
Lucayas, or Bahamas, IV. 282.
Lucca, XIII. 586—coins of, XV. 410—
weights and measures, XXI. 854.
 , in Jamaica, XII. 501.
Lucera, city of Naples, XIII. 586.
Luceres, XIII. 586 ; XIX. 378.
Luceuius, XIII. 586.
LucEUNA,in Piedmont, XIII. 586.
Lucerne, culture of, II. 293.
 , Swiss canton, XIII. 586.
 (Lake of), XXI. 46—its tempe¬
rature, VI. 749.
Lucia (St), island, XIII. 587.
 (St), Sicilian city, XIII. 588.
Lucianists, religious sect, XIII. 588.
Lucianus, XIII. 588—ridiculed appari¬
tions, III. 301—on the Deluge, VII.
693, 742.
Lucifer, XIII. 589.
Lucxfera, XIII. 589.
Luciferians, sect, XIII. 589.
Lucilius (Caius), XIII. 589.
Lucimeter, XIII. 589.
Lucina, goddess, XIII. 590—insect, IX.
288—in conchology, XV. 341.
Lucio-perca, fish, XII. 168.
Luckenwalde, XIII. 590.
Lucknow, XIII. 590 ; XI. 408.
Luckput Bunder, XIII. 591.
Lucretia, XIII. 591 ; XIX. 367.
Lucretius (T. Cams), XIII. 591—philo¬
sophy of, I. 186—on apparitions. III.
294—poetry of, XVIII. 153—Wake¬
field’s edition of, XXL 707.
Lucrino (Lago), XV. 698.
Lucullus (Lucius Licinius), XIII. 592;
XIX. 395—his invasion of Armenia,
III. 575—his banqueting-rooms, IV.
352—library, XIII. 289—expedition
against Mithridates, XVIII. 353.
Lucus, sacred grove, XIII. 592.
Lud, British king, XIII. 592.
Ludamar, XIII. 592 ; XX. 93.
Ludehaunah, XIII. 592.
Ludenscheid, XIII. 592.
Ludgershall, in Wilts, XIII. 592.
Ludi, XIII. 592—grossness of, VIII. 153.
Ludicrous (the), XIII. 121; XIV. 196;
XIX. 249.
Ludius, painter, XIII. 592.
Ludlam’s balance, XIV. 371.
Ludlow, in Shropshire, XIII. 593.
 — (Edmund), XIII. 593.
Ludolph (Job), XIII. 593—his works
on Ethiopia, II. 54.
LUD—LUT
Ludolph (Henry William), XIII. 593.
Ludwig’s botanical arrangement, V. 80.
Ludwigsburg, XIII, 593.
Ludwigslust, XIII. 593.
Luff, a sea-term, XIII. 593,
Luff-Tackle, XIII. 593.
Lug-Sail, XIII. 593.
Lugano, Swiss city, XIII. 593.
 , lake, XII. 483 ; XIII. 469.
Lugdunum, XIII. 594—Batavorum, ib.
Lugo, Spanish city, XIII. 594.
Lugos, town in Hungary, XIII. 594.
Luitprand, Lombard king, XIII. 466.
Luke (St), XIII. 594—Gospel of, ib.
Luke’s (St) Day, XIII. 594.
 (St) Academy, XVI. 716.
 (St) Hospital, XIII. 516.
Lukianow, in Russia, XIII. 594.
Lukin’s experiments on the seasoning of
timber, VIII. 229.
Lulli (Jean Baptiste), XIII. 594.
Lully (Raymond), XIII. 594—on al¬
chemy, VI. 344.
Lumbar vertebra, II. 761—muscles, 793.
Lumberers of Canada, VI. 62.
Lumbricus, worm, XI. 222.
Lumezzano, XIII. 594.
Luhghanat, XIII. 594.
Luminous, XIII. 594—Emanations, ib.,
336—Jar, VIII. 584. See Phospho¬
rescent Bodies.
Lumley Castle, VIII. 291.
Lump-fish, XII. 221.
Lumpus, fish, XII. 221.
Luna, XIII. 594—Cornea, ib.
Lunar, XIII. 594. See Moon.
 Month. See Month.
  Year, XIII. 594. See Year.
Lunardi’s aerial voyages, II. 189.
Lunatic asylums, XIV. 586—in Dublin,
VIII. 243. See Bedlam, Insanity, Men¬
tal Diseases.
Lunawara, Hindu town, XIII. 594.
Lund, XIII. 594—library at, 316.
Lundy, island, XIII. 595; VII. 747.
Lune, in geometry, XIII. 595—of Hip¬
pocrates, XX. 552.
 , river, XIII. 50—aqueduct over,
III. 322—navigation of, XVI. 16.
Luneburg, in Hanover, XIII. 595.
Lunel La Bille, XIII. 595.
Lunenburg, in Nova Scotia, XVI. 286.
Lunense Marmor, XIII. 595.
Lunette, XIII. 595.
Luneville, in France, XIII. 595.
Lungs, II. 821; XVII. 583, 645—effect
of training on the, VIII. 25—compli¬
cation of diseases of, XVII. 493—cir¬
culation in, 641, 644—excretory func¬
tion of, 655, 649—inflammation of, in
the domestic animals, XXI. 630. See
Respiration, Phthisis, Diving.
Lunisolar year, XIII. 595.
Lupercalia, Roman feasts, XIII. 595.
Luperci, priests of Pan, XIII. 595.
Luperus, insect, IX. 184.
Lurcher, dog, XIII. 595.
Lure, XIII. 595.
Lurgan and Lurgan Green, XIII. 595.
Lus or Luz, French city, XIII. 595.
 , in Persia, XIII. 596.
Lusatia, in Saxony, XIII. 126.
Lusitania, XIII. 596 ; XVIII. 462 ;
XX. 491.
Lustral, XIII. 596—Day, ib.
Lustration, XIII. 596.
Lustre of minerals, XV. 130.
Lustrum, XIII. 596.
Lute, XIII. 596.
Luteolin, VIII. 319.
Lutetia Parisiorum, XIII. 596.
Luther (Martin), XIII. 596—his con¬
tempt for Aristotle, 1.16—remarkable
credulity of, 238—Mosheim on his
theological system, 21—his Colloquia
Mensalia, II. 677—his combats with
the devil, III. 298—his German Bible,
IV. 617—his share in effecting the
Reformation, XIX. 88, et seq.—on free
will, XX. 88—lus doctrine of consub-
stantiation, 816. See Erasmus, Me-
lancthon.
Lutheranism, XIII. 601.
LUT—LYE
Lutherans, XIII. 601.
Luthern, in architecture, XIII. 601.
Luton, XIII. 601; IV. 517.
Lutra, in zoology, XIV. 111.
Lutraria, in conchology, XV. 342.
Lutterloch (Henry), V. 425.
Lutterworth, in Leicester, XIII. 601.
Lutzen, battle of, X. 161; XXL 18.
Luvarus, fish, XII. 188.
Luxation, in surgery, XIII. 602.
Luxemburg, XIII. 602 ; XI. 528.
 (Duke of), XIII. 602.
Luxeuie, French city, XIII. 602.
Luxor, in Egypt, ruins at, III. 410 ;
VIII. 511, 540.
Luxurians Flos, XIII. 602.
Luxury, XIII. 602—not disadvanta¬
geous, XVIII. 304.
Luzaney on ornithology, XVI. 545.
Luzin, in Russia, XIII. 604.
Luzk, in Russia, XIII. 604.
Luzon, island, XIII. 604.
Lybia. See Libya.
Lycaena, insect, IX. 242.
LYCiEUM, in Athens, XIII. 604 ; IV. 125.
Lycaon, XIII. 605.
Lycia, in Asia Minor, XIII. 605.
Lycian language, XIII. 84.
Lycodon, serpent, XX. 139.
Lycodontes, fossil teeth, XIII. 605.
Lycomedes, XIII. 605.
Lycon, philosopher, XIII. 605—an ac¬
cuser of Socrates, XX. 446.
Lycoperdaceaa, in botany, reproductive
organs of, V. 57.
coperdina, insect, IX. 185.
Lycophron, Greek poet, XIII. 605,
Lycopodiacese, in botany, V. 38, 138—
reproductive organs of, 54.
Lycosa arachnides, III. 363.
Lyctus insect, IX. 176.
Lycuhgia, Spartan festival, XIII. 606.
Lycurgus, Spartan legislator, XIII. 606.
—institutions of, XX. 527-8.
 , orator, XIII. 606 ; IV. 146.
Lycus, insect, IX. 141.
Lydd, town in Kent, XIII. 606.
Lydgate (John), XIII. 606—poetry of,
XVIII. 169.
Lydia, in Asia Minor, XIII. 606.
Lydiat (Thomas), XIII. 610.
Lydius Lapis, XIII. 610.
Lydney, English town, XIII. 610.
Lyell on the elevation of the Swedish
shores, XV. 218.
Lygaeus, insect, IX. 196.
Lyme Regis, in Dorsetshire, XIII. 610.
Lymexylon, insect, IX. 146.
Lymington, XIII. 610.
 Shrimp, VII. 503.
Lymph, XIII. 610 ; II. 713.
Lymph^ea, XIII. 610.
Lymphati, XIII. 610.
Lymphatic glands, II. 730.
Lymphatics, II. 728, 817 ; XVII. 582,
652—discovery of the distinction be
tween the lacteals and, II. 698—far.
ther discoveries respecting the, 703.
Lympyis noctiluca, XIII. 338.
Lynceus, XIII. 610.
Lyncurium, XIII. 611.
Lyncurius Lapis, XIII..611.
LYNDHURST.in Hampshire, XIII. 611.
Lynn, in Massachusetts, XIV. 306.
 I'iver navigation, XVI. 16.
Lynn-Regis, in Norfolk, XIII. 611.
Lynx, XIV. 12.3
Lyon (Capt.), his arctic voyages of dis¬
covery, XV1I1. 221.
  (David), on magnetic metals,
XIII. 699.
 Court of Scotland, VIII. 419.
 King of Arms, XIII. 611 ; XI.
242; XIX. 7 61.
Lyonet (Peter), XIII. 611.
Lyons, XIII. 6) 2—Montgolfier’s ascent
in a balloon from, II. 187—cotton-
manufacture of, VII. 417—events at,
in 1793, X. 80—shawl-manufucture
of, XX. 193.
Lyra, constellation, XIII. 613.
Lyre, musical instrument, XIII. 618
Lyre-tail, bird, XVI. 574.
INDEX,
i;o
LYR—MAC
Lybic poetry, XIII. 6II—of the Greeks,
XVIII. 151.
Iiyriocephalus, reptile, XIX. 113.
Lyrodi, musicians, XIII. 614.
Lyrops, insect, IX. 229.
Lysander, Athens captured by, IV. 160.
Lysandria, festival, XIII. 614.
Lysiarch, XIII. 614.
Lysias of Athens, XIII. 614—oratory
of, XIX. 215.
Lysicrates, chofagic monument of, III.
416, 436, 442, 473 ; IV. 119.
Lysidice, worm, XI. 220.
Lysimachus, general, XIII. 615.
Lysippus, XIII. 615—statues of, XX. 7.
Lystra, insect, IX. 203.
Lystronichus, insect, IX. 166.
Lythrariete, in botany, V. 108.
Lytta, insect, IX. 168.
Lyttelton (Edward), XIII. 615.
 (George, Lord), XIII. 615.
M
M, letter of the alphabet, XIII. 617.
Maat (Jan), IV. 674.
Mabillon (John), XIII. 617.
Macacus, in zoology, XIV. 93.
Macadam on road-making, XIX. 296.
Macaire, French town, XIII. 617.
Macao, in China, XIII. 617.
Macarca, in Austria, XIII. 618.
Macarians, sect, XIII. 618.
Macaroni, XII. 488.
Macaronic poetry, XIII. 618—origin
of its name, VIII. 273, n. 3.
Macarthur (Dr John), his translation of
Cesarotti on Ossian, XVI. 658, n.
 (Capt. John), an eminent wool-
grower in New South Wales, XXI. 923.
Macartney-cock, XVI. 610.
Macassar, XIII. 618 ; VI. 270.
Macau, French town, XIII. 618.
Macaulay (T. B.), on ths necessity of an
Indian Code, XIII. 185—on Milton,
XV. 100,n.; 103—on Lord Chatham’s
eloquence, XVII. 762.
Macbeth, XIII. 619 ; XII. 336; XIX.
700—Tragedy of, VIII. ICO.
Macbride (Captain), on the British navy,
V. 440.
Maccabees, XIII. 618; XII. 570; XVI.
751.
Maccail (H.), martyrdom of, V. 349.
McCarthy (Sir Charles), III. 668.
Maccaw, bird, XVI. 600.
Macclesfield, town in Cheshire, XIII.
619—canal, XVI. 16.
M‘Crie (Dr Thomas), XIII. 659.
Maccullagh (Professor), on optics, XVI.
376, 496, 504, 507.
Maceulloch (Dr John), on the second
sigkt, III. 304—on vitrified forts, IX.
755, 760.
M’CuIloch (J. R.), on primogeniture,
XVIII. 533.
Macdonald (Dr), his experiments on di¬
gestion, VIII. 21.
 (Lieut.-Col.), on the telegraph,
XXL 139.
Macdowall’s feeding apparatus of steam-
boilers, XX. 681.
Mace of Banda Islands, IV. 341.
Macedon, Egyptian deity, VIII. 554.
Macedonia, XIII. 619 ; X 723—Mace¬
donian army, III. 586 ; era, VI. 659;
months, ib.; empire, XI. 474—wars
with the Romans, XIX. 387, 388. See
Alexander the Great.
Macedonians, sect, XIII. 643.
Macer (Emilius), poet, XIII. 643.
Maceration, XIII. 643.
Macerta, Italian delegation, XIII. 643.
Macgillivray (W.), his Life of Aristotle
quoted, XIV. 74—on British birds,
XVI. 554. 562, 567, 584, 612—on web¬
footed birds, 628, n. 8.
Macgregor (Mr), on the Canadian tim¬
ber-trade, VI. 62—on the French Ca¬
nadians, 66.
MAC
M’Grigor (Sir James), on the plague,
XVII. 773, et seq.
Macguire (Lord), his rebellion, V. 319.
Machasrus, in Palestine, XIII. 643.
Machaon, XIII. 643 ; XX. 820.
Machault, French town, XIII. 643.
Machecoul, French city, XIII. 643.
Macherla, Hindu town, XIII. 643.
Machetes, bird, XVI. 624.
Macbias, in Maine, XIV. 44.
Machiavelism, religious, its bad effects
on philosophy and morals, I. 23.
Machiavelli (Nicolo), XIII. 644—cha¬
racter and principles of, I. 22, 25—
real intentions of, in writing his
Prince, 234—bis maxims have been
refuted, 23—no friend to the priest
hood, ib.—Hume’s estimate of his
character, 24—letters of, 235-6.
Machilis, insect, IX. 295.
Machin (Mr), on the quadrature of the
circle, XX. 555.
Machines, XIII. 650 ; XIV. 356, IIS-
maximum effect of, 391.
Machinery, effects of its use on the con¬
dition of the people, VII. 415—con¬
struction of, XIV. 404—simplification
of, 406—friction of, 415—first movers
of, 426—elements of, 445—effect of
new inventions on wages, XXI. 938.
See Friction, Mechanics.
 in poetry, XIII. 650.
Machtebete, XIII. 650.
Machul, XIII. 650.
Machynleth, in Wales, XIII. 650.
Mack (General), V. 520 ; X. 110, 137.
Mackay, family of, XI. 250, n.
 1 (General), V. 361-2.
Mackeniieim, Prussian town. XIII 650.
Mackenzie (Cha.), on Hayti, VIII. 107.
  (Sir George), Scotch lawyer,
XIII. 650 ; V. 350, 631—his defence
of the treatment of Charles I. by the
Scotch, 330—his equivocating account
of the treatment of Mitchell, 351, n.
—his character of Lord Stair, VII.
600—on duelling, VIII. 254—on he¬
raldry, XI. 243, etseq.
 (Sir G. S.), on vitrified forts, IX.
756, 760, 761—on Iceland, XII. 143,
145, 147—on phrenology, XVII. 473.
 (Henry), XIII. 652—has deli¬
neated Hume’s character in the story
of La Roche, 1. 352—on Ossian, XVI.
658, 664—his novels, XIX. 341.
 (Dr Murdoch), on the plague,
XVII. 773, et seq.
Mackerel, XII. 180.
Mackerel-fishery of Dorsetshire, VIII.
120—of England, 769.
Mackinac, XV. 8.
Mackintosh (Sir J’ames), XIII. 653'—
his Dissertation on the progress of
ethical philosophy, I. 291 — on the
independence of Geneva, IV. 312 —
on Maepherson and Ossian, 669—on
the ancient Britons, V. 294, et seq.
—his bills for the improvement of the
criminal code, 554, 559—his charac¬
ters of Canning, VI. 84 ; Sir S. Ro-
milly, VIII. 265; George Wilson, ib.;
and C. J. Fox, IX. 807—on Cardi¬
nal Wolsey, VIII. 743—on the plun¬
der of the Church by Henry the
Eighth, 747—on the alleged intention
to persecute the Catholics in the reign
of Edward the Sixth, 755—on the
Eikon Basilike, X. 371—on Robertson
and Gibbon, 514, n. 2—on the Inde¬
pendents, XII. 264—on the Jesuits,
555—his Letter to Malcolm Laing on
Queen Mary, XIII. 24—on liberty, 172.
Macklahsul, Hindu town, XIII. 657.
Macknight (Dr), on the Gospel History,
VI. 622.
Mackonochie on the preservation of
timber, XX. 274.
Mackoor, in Hindustan, XIII. 657.
Mackwa, Hindu town, XIII. 657.
Maclaurin (Colin), XIII. 658—his op¬
position to Leibnitz’s law of conti¬
nuity, I. 133—contributed to the ad¬
vancement of science by expounding
MAC—MAD
Newton’s Principia, 576—his method
of expounding forces by co-ordinates
advanced the science of dynamics, 604
—on the earth’s figure, 656 ; IX. 551—
on the geometric properties of bees’
combs, IV. 526—on the inverse pro¬
blem of centripetal forces, VIII. 386
—on fluxions, IX. 637 ; X. 430—on
the size of animals, 499—on the mo¬
tion of fluids, XII. 4—on the lever,
XIV. 361—on the tides, XXL 260.
Made, specific gravity of, XII. 32.
Macleay (W. S.), on the classification of
animals, III. 160—his classification,
178 ; IX. 93—on equivocal genera¬
tion, III. 162—on the Linnuean alga3,
181—on entomology, IX. 88, et seq.
Maclureite, a mineral, XV. 158.
Macnab (John), his experiments on
freezing-mixtures, VI. 263.
M’Neill (Hector), poet, XV. 307.
Macon, in France, XIII. 659.
Macowall, Hindu town, XIII. 659.
Maepherson (James), his publication of
Ossian, XVI. 659—Sir J. Mackintosh
on the literary fraud thus committed,
IV. 669, n.
Macquarrie (General), his administra¬
tion in New South Wales, XXI. 712.
 Island, XIII. 659 ; IV. 217.
  River, IV. 207 ; XXI. 715.
Macquer (Pierre Joseph), XIII. 659—
his attempts to dissolve caoutchouc,
VI. 106—on dyeing, VIII. 297.
Macraspis, insect, IX. 157.
Macrin (Salmon), poet, XIII. 665.
Macrinus, reign of, XIX. 410.
Macrobians, IX. 378.
Macrobii, Ethiopian people, XIII. 665.
Macrobics (A. A. T.), Latin writer,
XIII. 665; XVII. 413.
Macrocera, insect, IX. 234, 262.
Macrocerci, animalcules, XIII. 665.
Macrocercus, bird, XVI. 600.
Macrocheles, arachnides, III. 367.
Macrocolum, XIII. 665.
Macrocosm, XIII. 665.
Macrodactyla, insects, IX. 150.
Macrodactyles, birds, XVI. 626.
Macroglossus, in zoology, XIV. 100.
Macronota, insect, IX. 161.
Macropeza, insect, IX. 260.
Macropodus, fish, XII. 190.
Macropus, in zoology, XIV. 128.
Macroramphus, bird, XVI. 623.
Macrorhinus, in zoology, XIV. 124.
Macroura, Crustacea, VII. 501.
Macrourus, fish, XII. 219.
Mactan Isle, XIII. 665.
Mactatio, XIII. 665.
Mactra, mollusca, XV. 341.
Mactreacea, mollusca, XV. 341.
Macula, Arabian bay, XIII. 665.
Macuna, island, XIII. 666.
M’Wiiliam on dry-rot, VIII. 227.
Madagascar, island, XIII. 666—ser¬
pents of, XX. 133, 136.
Madalena (La), island, XIII. 670.
Madan on polygamy, XVIII. 313.
Madder, a red dye-stuff, VIII. 306, 312—
colouring matter of, VI. 483—its cul¬
ture in Greece, X. 728 ; at Derbend,
XIX. 589—specific gravity of its root,
XII. 32—tithe on, XXI. 114.
Madeira, island, XIII. 670—weights
and measures of, XXI. 854.
 de Mello, V. 196.
 , river, V. 198 ; XIV. 326.
Madeira-wine. See Wine-making.
Maden, in Armenia, XIII. 671.
Madghery, Hindu town, XIII. 672.
Madigheshy, XIII. 672.
Madiran, French town, XIII. 672.
Madison, in Indiana, XII. 266.
Madness. See Daemoniac, Insanity,
Mental Diseases.
Madocks (W. A.), Ms embanking enter¬
prise in Wales, VIII. 680.
Madras, Hindu city, XIII. 672—judi¬
cature at, XI. 455.
Madreporidas, zoophytes, XXI. 1022.
Madrid, XI1I.674—Academies of Paint¬
ing and History at, II. 74, 75—Royal
MAD—MAG
Spanish Academy at, 77—libraries at,
XIII. 307—insurrection at, in the year
1822, XX. 509.
Madrid (New), in Missouri, XV. 304.
Madrigal, XIII. 675.
Madrilejos, XIII. 675.
Mad-Staggers, XXI. 633.
Madura, in Hindustan, XIII. 675.
 , island, XIII. 675.
Meander, river, XIII. 676.
M*at*, ancient Britons, XIII. 676.
Maecenas (Caius Cilnius), XIII. 676;
XIX. 400—bis patronage of Virgil,
XXI. 655.
Ma;en, island, IV. 328.
Maelstrom, XIII. 676 ; XVI. 261
M.EMACTERIA, XIII. 677.
Mtemacterion, XIII. 677.
Meonia, XIII. 677, 607.
M-seonide, XIII. 677.
Meonides, XIII. 677.
Meotis Palus, XIII. 677.
Maesniel, XIII. 677.
Mestlin (Michael), XIII. 677.
Maestricht, XIII. 677.
Maffeus (Vegio), poet, XIII. 677.
Maffei (Scipio), poet, XIII. 677—on
inscriptions, XII. 292—his Verona II-
lustrata, XVI. 767.
  (Marquis), ascending thunder¬
bolt seen by, VIII. 619.
Mafra, Portuguese town, XIII. 677.
Magada, XIII. 677.
Magalhaens. See Magellan.
Magas, XIII. 677.
Magatus (Caesar), XX. 829.
Magazine, XIII. 677, 678.
 (Gentleman’s), VI. 259.
Magdalen (St), Religious of, XIII. 678.
 (Mary), XIV. 270.
Magdalena, island, XIII. 678.
Magdeburg, XIII. 678—Tilly’s siege
of, XXI. 18—Magdeburg experiment
in pneumatics, IV. 388.
Mageboe, island, XIII. 678.
Magellan (Ferdinand de), XIII. 678 ;
XVII. 115, n. 2—his circumnaviga¬
tion, X. 399—his visit to the Ladrone
Islands, XVIII. 316.
 (Straits of), XIII. 679 ; XVII.
116.—climate of, II. 612.
Magellan’s barometer, IV. 391—his ba¬
lance, XIV. 371.
Magellanic Clouds, XIII. 679.
Magendie on the veins, II. 720-—on ex¬
halation, 728—his dietetic experi¬
ments, VIII. 18.
Magenta, Italian city, XIII. 679.
Mageroe, island, XIII. 112.
Maggi (Jerome), XIII. 679.
Magoiore (Lago), XIII. 679, 469 ; XII.
483 ; XVII. 523—islands in, V. 16—
temperature of, VI. 749.
Maggot, or fly-worm, XIII. 679—ii:
sheep, XX). 637.
Magi, XIII. 679—polytheism of the
Persian, XVIII. 331, 341.
Magic, XIII. 679—Natural, &c., 680—
of the Druids, VIII. 209.
Magic-disc, XVI. 512.
Magic-lantern, XVI. 513—application
of the kaleidoscope to the, XII. 669.
  Squares, XIII. 681; I. 588.
Magician, XIII. 683—persecution of
magicians by Valens, VII. 278.
Magindanao, island, XIIL 683.
Maginus’s burning-mirror, V. 734.
Magistery, XIII. 684.
Magistrate, XIII. 684 — the Econo¬
mists on magistrates, VIII. 404.
Magliabechi (Antonio), XIII. 684.
Magliabeehian library, XIII. 310.
Magliano, in Piedmont, XIII. 684.
Magloibf (St.), XIII 684.
Magna Charta, VI. 332 ; VIII. 722.
Magnac-Laval, XIII. 684.
Magnanimity, XIII. 684—formation
of, I. 407.
Magnentius, V. 301 ; VII. 272.
Magnesia, in Asia Minor, XIII. 684.
 , in chemistry, VI. 397—salts of,
447—specific gravity of, XII. 32—na¬
tive, XV. 148.
INDEX,
97
MAG—MAH
Magnesian limestone, XY. 200, 201 
Tennant on, XXI. 180.
Magnesite, in mineralogy, XV. 148—
specific gravity of, Xll. 32.
Magnesium, VI. 397.
Magnet, XIII. 702, 709 — Gilbert on
the, I. 454—its employment in me¬
dicine, XIV. et seq.—magnets made
by voltaic electricity, XXI. G86.
Magnetic iron ore, XV. 102.
 pyrites, XV. 167.
Magnetical Island, XIII. 684.
Magnetism, XIII. 685 $ XVII. 568—
phenomena, origin, and history of, I.
624, et JEpinus on, II. 174—
Biot and Gay-Lussac’s observations in
a balloon, II. 192, 194—magnetic pro¬
perty of aurora borealis, IV. 199, 201—
Cavallo on, VI. 253 — Coulomb on,
VII. 426-8 ; I. 626-7—magnetic effects
of electricity, VIII. 638 ; of the solar
rays, XVI. 422—electro-magnetism,
XXI. 683 ; XIII. 752; discovered by
Oersted, VIII. 637. See Compass.
 (Animal), XIV. 1 ; XX. 477—
Bailly’s Report on, IV. 290.
Magneto-electricity, XXI. 690; VIII.
573-4.
Magnifying, XIV. 24, See Lens.
Magnitude, XIV. 24—oui ideas of, re¬
lative, IX. 156—perception of, XIV.
611, 612.
Magnolia, XIV. 24 ; XVII. 786.
Magnoliacese, in botany, V. 95.
Magnus Campus, XIV. 24.
 Tortus, XIV. 24.
Mago, Carthaginian generals of that
name, XIV. 24; VI. 186, 198, 199.
 , town in Minorca, XIV. 24.
Magontiacum, XIV. 24.
Magpie, XVI. 584.
Magrebiaus, Alexandria taken by the,
II. 411.
Maguey, culture of, XIV. 800.
Magyars, IV. 224, 236 ; IX. 723, 729.
Mahabalipuram, XIV. 24.
Mahanuddy, Hindu river, XIV. 25.
Make, Hindu town, XIV. 25.
Mahe Islands, XIV. 333.
Maherbal, VI. 198.
Mahie, XIV. 25.
Mahim, Hindu town, XIV. 25.
Mahmudabad, XIV. 25.
Mahogany, XI. 550; XII. 499—sp. gr.
of, 32—its use in joinery, 618.
Mahommed, XIV. 25; XI. 480—history
of, III. 341—indignities offered to his
tomb by the Wahabis, VIII. 501—
source of his knowledge of Christ’s
history, XII. 561—tomb of, XIV.
530.
 — Abulwafa, II. 421.
 Ali. See Mehemmed.
 Bey, VIII. 486.
Mahommed-Ben-Musa, II. 421.
Mahommedan year, VI. 7.
   power in Asia, III. 686.
  — wives, VIII. 528.
Mahommedans in India, XL 394 ; Java,
XII. 532; Jerusalem, 551; Russia,
XIX. 581—their con juest of Egypt,
VIII. 477 ; India, XI. 409 ; Persia,
XVII. 262—their hatred of images,
XII. 253—their laws against usury,
323 —favour the Jews, 578—their
tombs, XXL 324—the Jezides, XII.
584. See Arabians, Saracens.
Mahommedanism, XIV. 32; XI. 707—
in Abyssinia, II. 50 ; Afghanistan, II.
216; Persia, XVII. 252—alms-giving,
II. 537—pilgrimage to Mecca and Me¬
dina, III. 338, 340—origin of, 341-
era of the Hegira, VI. 661; XI. 206.
See Aboubeker, Alsirat, Koran, Ma¬
hommed, Mussulman.
Mahmoud’s Indian conquests. III. 687;
XI. 409.
Mahmoud. Turkish sultan, XXI. 417.
Mahmoudyeh, canal of, VIII. 523.
Mahon, in Minorca. XIV. 40.
Mahoning, river, XVI. 326.
Mahoor, Hindu town, XIV. 40.
Mahrattas, XIV. 40; XI. 395, 410,
MAH—MAL
412, 421, 422, 434—Mahratta power
in India, III. 690.
Mahrisch-Kromau, XIV. 41.
Mahrisch-Trubau, XIV. 41.
Malm (Jacob), voyage of, XVIII. 224.
Mahwah, tree, XIV. 41.
Mahy, Hindu river, XIV. 41.
Mai (Signor). See Maio.
Maia, XIV. 41.
Maid a, Neapolitan town, XIV. 41—
battle of, V. 523.
Maiden, an instrument for beheading,
XIV. 41 ; IV. 539.
 , washing-machine, XIV. 41.
Maiden-Rents, XIV. 42.
Maidenhead, in Berks, XIV. 42.
Maiden-Newton, XIV. 42.
Maidstone, XIV. 42—manufacture of
Hollands at, VIII. 52.
Maig river navigation, XVI. 22.
Maigre, fish, XII. 175.
Maii Inductio, XIV. 42.
Mail, XIV. 42—Coat of, ib; VII. 9.
Mail-coach. See Coach.
Mail-packets, XVIII. 491.
Mailcotta, Hindu town, XIV. 42.
Mailla (J. A. M. de M. de), XIV. 42—
his History of China, VI. 550.
Maillard (Stanislaus), X. 56.
Maillezay, French town, XIV. 42.
Maim, XIV. 42.
Maimonides (Moses), XIV. 43.
Maine, XIV. 43; XVI. 156—canals in,
24 ; XXI. 470—state-bonds of, 479.
Maine-et-Loire, XIV. 334.
Mainland, one of the Shetland Islands,
XX. 986—breed of sheep, II. 330.
Mainots, X. 753, n. 2.
Mainspring of a watch, VI. 786 7.
Main-sac, French town, XIV. 45.
Maintenon, French town, XIV. 45—
aqueduct of, III. 320.
 (Madame de), XIV. 45.
Main waring (Dr), prosecuted by Charles
the First, V. 313.
Maio (Angelo), his researches among
palimpsests, XVI. 764—Cicero’s long-
lost treatise De Republica discovered
by, VI. 695.
Mair (John), XIV. 48.
 on book-keeping, IV. 776.
Mairan (J. J. d’O. de), XIV. 45—on
ice, XII. 140.
Maire (Streights Le), XIV. 46.
 on the degree, IX. 549.
Maison-Blanche, XIV. 46.
Maissy, Hindu town, XIV. 46.
Maistre (Louis Isaac Le), XIV. 46.
Maiteu, island, XIV. 46.
Maitland Club, X. 546.
 (Mr), his character of Hector
Boyce, V. 160.
  (Sir Thomas), on the plague,
XVII. 773.
Maittaire (Michael), XIV. 46.
Maixent (St), French city, XIV. 47.
Maize, XXL 456—culture of, II. 296;
in Java, XII. 528 ; Lombardy, XIII.
480 ; Mexico, XIV. 799.
Majesty, XIV. 47.
Major, XIV. 47, 48.
Major-Domo, XIV. 48.
Major, or Mair (John), XIV. 48.
Majorca, island, XIV. 48 ; XVII. 50—
weights and measures of, XXI. 854.
Majori, Neapolitan town, XIV. 49.
Majorianus, emperor, XIX. 423.
Majuli, III. 705, 706.
Majunga, XIII. 667.
Makaira, fish, XII. 184.
Makariew, in Russia, XIV. 49.
Makewaua, Hindu town, XIV. 49.
Makhnowka, in Russia, XIV. 49.
Mako, Hungarian town, XIV. 49.
Malabar, in India, XIV. 49.
 Point, XIV. 51.
Malaga, ancient town, XIV. 51.
Malacanthus, fish, XII. 196.
Malacca, in Asia, XIV. 51, 52 —
weights and measures of, XXI. 854.
Malachi, prophet, XIV. 52.
Malachite, in mineralogy, XV. 145—
specific gravity of, XII. 32.
MAL
Malachius, insect, IX. 145.
Malacia, disease, XIV. 53.
Malacodermi, insects, IX. 110.
Malacopterygii, fishes, XIV. 53—ab-
dominales, XII. 197—sub-brachiati,
217—apodes, 223.
Malacostomous fishes, XIV. 53.
Malaga, Spanish city, XIV. 53.
Malaghetta Coast, XI. 29.
Malamocco, Italian town, XIV. 53.
Malapterurus, fish, XII. 203.
Malar, lake, XXI. 29.
—   Bone, human, II. 777.
Malarmat, fish, XII. 173.
Malatia, in Asia Minor, XIV. 54.
Malativoe, in Ceylon, XIV. 54.
Malaucene, French town, XIV. 54.
Malavilly, Hindu fort, XIV. 54.
Malay variety of the human species,
XVII. 697, 698, 555.
 language, XIII. 82 ; XVIII. 315;
XX. 805.
Malays, II. 710 ; III. 693—their cha¬
racter, XIV. 52; XX. 806—their
countenance, XIV. 198, 200—charac¬
ter of the Malays of Borneo, V. 11.
Malbrouc, in zoology, XIV. 92.
Malchin, German town, XIV. 54.
Malcoha, bird, XVI. 598.
Malcolm, Scotch kings of that name,
XIX. 699, et seq., 706.
  (Sir John), his administration
in India, XI. 439—his account of
Persia, XVII. 241, et seq.
Malda, Hindu town, XIV. 54.
Maldeghem, XIV. 54.
Malden (Mr), on universities, XXI. 483,
et seq.
Maldive Islands, XIV. 54.
Maldon, town in Essex, XIV. 54.
Maldonado, XV. 432.
Male, XIV. 54—mortality less in fe¬
males than in males, III. 208.
 , island, XIV. 64.
Malebranche (Nicholas), XIV. 54—
on the secondary qualities of bodies,
I. 6 3—on the sensations produced by
objects, and the judgment thereupon
formed, 64-5—his assertion that mis¬
taken judgments relative to objects
of sense result from original sin, 65
—cause which led him to study phi¬
losophy, 74—his work, The Search
after Truth, 74—his genius, ib., 75—
blends theology and metaphysics, 74-5
—his controversies on grace, 74—a
bold and free inquirer when treating
of subjects purely philosophical, 75—
his sagacious observations on sorcery,
ib.—on men and manners, 76—his
character, 77—developed the funda¬
mental principle of Hartley, ib.—on
the formation of habits, ib.—on cause
and effect, 78—objections of Leibnitz
to his principles, 78-9—reasons which
led him to conclude that we see all
things in God, 7 9—coincides with some
Hindu philosophers, ib.—his resem¬
blance to, and interview with, Berke¬
ley, 79, 80—Warburton’s opinion of,
80—his advance towards the true the¬
ory of vision, 168—his belief in the
Cartesian system regarding the soul,
181—on the love of universal order,
339—was the first who taught that vir¬
tue consists in pure intentions, 340—
on religious society and established
church, ib.—on perception, XIV. 605.
Malesherbes (C. W. de L. de), XIV.
55 ; X. 74, et seq.
Malesherbiese, in botany, V. 111.
Malformation, in pathology, XVII. 129.
See Monster.
Malherbe (Franqois de), XIV. 56—
poetry oc, XVIII. 164.
Malic acid, VI. 429.
Malice, XIV. 57.
Malicorne, French town, XIV. 57.
Malicoy, island, XIV. 57.
Malignant disease, XIV. 57.
Malik Shah, king of Persia, XVII. 263.
Malipootas Isle, XIV. 57.
MALiVAGUNGA.river, XIV. 57 ; VI. 299. ^
MAL
Malleable, XIV. 57.
Mallenders in the horse, XXI. 636.
Malleoli, in ancient war, XIV. 57.
Mallet, a hammer, XIV. 57.
 (David), XIV. 57 ; XXL 249-
his allusion to Burman, V. 720.
(Edward), on the population of
Geneva, XV. 534, 547.
  (Mons.), on hydraulics, XII. 6.
Malleus, in conchology, XV. 343.
Malli, Alexander’s expedition against
the, XIII. 637.
Mallia, Hindu town, XIV. 57.
Mallicollo, XIV. 57 ; IV. 214.
Malling, town in Kent, XIV. 57
Mallinkrot on the invention of printing,
IV. 622.
Mallison’s Island, XIV. 57.
Malloodoo, XIV. 58; V. 10.
Malloni, Neapolitan town, XIV. 58.
Mallota, insect, IX. 275.
Mallotus, fish, XII. 210.
Malmedy, Prussian city, XIV. 58.
Malmo, in Sweden, XIV. 58.
Malmsbury, in Wilts, XIV. 58.
Malmore, Hindu town, XIV. 58.
Malo (St), XIV. 58.
 (St), French city, XIV. 58.
 , Italian town, XIV. 58.
Maloi-Archangelsk, XIV. 58.
Maloi-Jaroslawetz, in Russia, XIV.
58—battle of, X. 158.
Malone on the baronets of Nova Scotia,
IV. 404—on the old English theatres,
XVIII. 49—on the popularity of
Shakspeare, XX. 170.
Maloor, Hindu town, XIV. 58.
Malouine Islands, XVII. 119.
Malpas, town in Cheshire, XIV. 58.
Malpighi, anatomical discoveries of, II.
699 ; XVII. 728—on fat, II. 716—on
vegetable anatomy, III. 42, et seq.—
on the glands, 11.749; XVII. 648
—on the brain, 660—on the seat of
colour in the skin, VII. 190.
Malpigbiaceae, in botany, V. 102.
Malplaquet, French town, XIV. 5$—
battle of, V. 372; IX. 395.
Malpoorah, XIV. 58.
Malpurba, river, XIV. 58.
Malsch, German town, XIV. 58.
Malt, quantity used in Britain, V. 252
—mill for grinding, 255—rollers for
bruising, 256—sugar of, VI. 473—
consumption of, in England, VIII.
778 — malting, V. 234 — malt-kilns,
XVIII. 129.
Malt-liquors, adulteration of, XIV. 508.
See Ale, Beer, Porter.
Malta, XIV. 58; XIX. 557—Lord Nel¬
son on the importance of, V. 507—
disposal of, by the treaty of Amiens,
508-10—renewal of war with France
on account of, 513-16—extraordinary
cloud in, VII. 2—taken by Bonaparte,
X. 109—retained from him, 127—lan¬
guage of, XIII. 84; XVII. 374—coins
of, XV. 407,410—the plague in, XVII.
777—weights and measures of, XXL
854.
Malte-Brun, XIV. 66.
Malthe, fish, XII. 195.
Malthinus, insect, IX. 144.
Malthcs (Thomas Robert), XIV. 07 —
his theory of population, VII. 114;
XIV. 509; XVIII. 415, 416—on the
advantages of a landed manufacturing
country, VII. 347—on emigration as
a remedy for over-population, VIII.
683—on wealth, XVIII. 259—on ma¬
nufactures, 286—on the distinction
between agricultural and manufactur¬
ing industry, 293.
Malting, V. 234.
Malton, in Yorkshire, XIV. 70.
Malus (Stephen Louis), XIV. 70—on
chromatics, VI. 641, et seq.—on po¬
larisation of light, I. 638 ; XIII. 333;
XVIII. 242-3—on optics, XVI. 365,
455-6, 462, 470, 489, 495.
Malvacese, in botany, V. 99.
Malvasia (Marquis of), his micrometer,
XV. II,
98
INDEX
MAL—MAN
Malvehn, in Worcestershire, XIV. 71
—mineral springs of, XXI. 910.
Malvoisin (William do), XIV. 71.
Malwah, in Hindustan, XIV. 72.
Mambrun (Peter), XIV. 72.
Mamers, in Prance, XIV. 72.
Mamertines, Syracuse harassed by the,
XXI. 57.
Mamlukes, their sway in Egypt, VIII.
483, et seq.—Mehemmed Ali’s mas¬
sacre of the, 498—capture of Jeru¬
salem by the, XVI. 758.
Mammaj, II. 827.
Mammalia, XIV. 73; XVII. 586, 686
—of North America, II. 652—charac¬
teristics of, 707—subdivisions of, 708
—their bones, III. 1, 2—muscles, 18—
organs of smell, 21—eyes, 22—ears, 25
—tongue, 27—organs of voice, 28—
nervous system, 30—teeth, 32—oeso¬
phagus and stomach, 35—intestines,
37—organs of circulation, 39—lungs,
ib.—secretory organs, 40—reproduc¬
tive organs, ib.—comparative physio¬
logy of the, XVII. 699.
Mammaria, mollusca, XV. 370.
Mammiferous animals, XVII. 686.
Mammoth, II. 653—derivation of the
word, IV. 539.
  Cave, Kentucky, XII. 697.
Mamon, or Almamon, II. 531.
Mampawa, Dutch settlement, its trade
with Singapore, XX. 367.
Man, XIV. 193—original complexion
of, II. 134—Did the race spring from
one stock? ib.; VI. 274—brain of,
III. 163—senses of, more equally ba¬
lanced than in brutes, 165—American
races, II. 615—Asiatic, III. 690—effect
of climate on his active energies, II.
622; on his body, XVII. 598; strength,
XIV 429; complexion, VII. 190;
XIV. 198, 202 ; health, 510; and
mind, XVI. 696—his stature, II. 630,
757—anatomy, 705—weight, 758—
attitude and gesture, 795-6—soul, III.
159, 163 — his senses and mental
powers compared with those of brutes,
162-3; XII. 304—character of Asia¬
tics, III. 69 3—varieties of man, II. 709;
V. 294 ; XVII. 554, 583, 697—where¬
in different from brutes, V. 613 ;
XVII. 699—Is he naturally carnivo¬
rous ? VI. 149 — differences of com¬
plexion, VII. 189—daily labour of,
428—dispersion of, VIII. 42—Lord
Karnes, Rousseau,and Dr Doigon the
savage state, 91, 92—measurement of
the human body, 182—its electricity',
609—effects of electricity on it, 638-41
—man not the only animal that preys
on its kind, IX. 125—whether endow¬
ed with instincts, XII. 296, 300—me¬
chanical power of, XIV. 426, 438—
geological date of his creation un¬
known, XV. 217, 226—stages of his
life, 456—social nature of, XX. 433
— theological doctrines concerning,
XXI. 211—his original state, ib. ;
fall, and its consequences, 215, etseq.;
redemption, 224. See Anatomy, Men¬
tal Philosophy, Physiology, Soul.
   (Isle or}, XIV. 209—Deemsters
of, VII. 667—fisheries of, IX.605—no
remains of Norse in the language of,
XVII. 415. See Sodor.
Man-eaters, III. 248. See Cannibalism.
Manaab, island, XIV. 214.
Manado, in Celebes, XIV. 214.
Manah, Hindu town, XIV. 214.
Manakin, bird, XVI. 577.
Manapar, Hindu town, XIV. 214.
Manasseh, XIV. 214.
— Ben Israel, merits of his Hebrew
Bible, IV. 614.
Manatee, river, XI. 550.
Manatoulin Islands, XIV. 214.
Manatus,in zoology, XIV. 170.
Man by (Capt.), his apparatus for saving
shipwrecked persons, XIII. 324.
Mancap, island, XIV. 214.
Mancha (La), in Spain, XIV. 214.
Manchester, XIV. 215 — massacre
MAN
there in 1819, V. 544—cotton-manu¬
facture, VII. 398 — mortality, XV.
527—canal to Runcorn, XVI. 9—
Duke of Bridgewater’s canal, ib.; V.
288 ; VI. 509 ; XIII. 53—Bolton and
Bury canal, XVI. 16—Rochdale canal,
18—railway from Manchester to Liver¬
pool, XIX. 23, et seq.
Manciple, XIV. 228.
Manco Capac, II. 626 ; XVII. 292.
Mancote, Hindu village, XIV. 228.
Mundane, VII. 577.
Mandanes, Indian prince, XIV. 228.
Mandara, in Africa, XIV. 228.
Mandarins, XIV. 229.
Mandavee, Hindu port, XIV. 229.
Mandawee Islands, XIV. 229.
Mandeliqde, island, XIV. 229.
Mandeville (Sir John), XIV. 229.
 (Bernard), XIV. 229.
Mandibles of bees, IV. 519—of birds,
III. 12.
Mandingo, in Africa, XIV. 230.
Mandioly Isle, XIV. 231.
Mandow, XIV. 231.
Mandowee, Hindu city, XIV. 231.
Mandrills, in zoology, XIV. 93.
Manege, XIV. 231—riding, XI. 608.
Manes, XIV. 231.
Manetho, XIV. 231 ;XI. 854, 355—
on Egyptian history, VIII. 460—his
catalogue of the Diospolitan dynas-.
ties and kings of Egypt, 539, n 2; 543.
Manfalout, VIII. 544.
Manfredi, life and scientific character
of, I. 599—bis burning-mirror, V. 734
on mathematics, XIV. 321.
Manfredonia, XIV. 232 ; XV. 700.
Mangalore, XIV. 232 ; VI. 71.
Manganese, VI. 406—why oxygen is dis¬
engaged from, 357—salts of oxides of,
448—specific gravity of, XII. 32 —
mines of, in Britain, XV. 249 ; and on
the continent, 252.
 (red), XV. 142.
Manganese-blende, XV. 170.
Manganese-ore, XV. 163.
Manganesic acid, VI. 406.
Mangapet, Hindu village, XIV. 232.
Mangasea, XXI. 431.
Mange, disease, XXI. 636.
Mangeart (Don Thomas), XIV. 232.
Mangedava, V. 10.
Mangee, Hindu town, XIV. 232.
Mangeea, island, XIV. 232.
Mangeedara, in Borneo, XIV. 232.
Mangeray (Straits of), XIV. 232.
Manghelly, XIV. 232.
Mangle, VI. 18—Chinese, XIV. 457.
Mango-fish, XII. 171.
Mangold-Wurzel, culture of, II. 288.
Mangouste, in zoology, XIV. 119.
Mania, XIV. 585.
Maniago, Italian town, XIV. 282.
Manica, in Africa, XIV. 232.
Manichees, XIV. 232; XVIII. 667.
Manicheism, XVIII. 331, 340, n. 4.
Manicokdon, XIV. 233.
Manicpoob, in Hindustan, XIV. 233.
Manifesto, XIV. 233.
Manifold Cape, XIV. 233.
Manilius (Marcus), poet, XIV. 234.
Manilla, XIV. 233 ; XVII. 349—cap¬
tured by the British, V. 387.
 Hemp, XI. 230.
Manioe, poisonous juice of, V. 67—its
culture in Mexico, XIV. 800.
Manipa, island, XIV. 234.
Manipdlus, XIV. 234.
Manis, in zoology, XIV. 144.
Manjubekin, VIII. 478.
Mankiam Isle, XIV. 234.
Mann (Abbe), on Flemish agriculture,
XVI. 142.
Manlius, IX. 577; XIX. 381.
Manna, XIV. 234 ; VI. 474 ; VIII. 44.
Mannedorf, Swiss town, XIV. 235.
Manner an index of character and dis¬
position, I. 395.
Mannheim, XIV. 235—Academy of
Sciences at, II. 73.
Manning (Mr), his attempts to enter
China, VI. 548.
MAN—MAR
Manning (Robert), quoted, IX. 40.
 River, XXI. 715.
Manning-tree, in Essex, XIV. 235.
Manometer, XIV. 235 ; XVII. 532.
Manor, XIV. 285.
Manowly, Hindu town, XIV. 235.
Manque of Chili, VI. 526.
Manresa, Spanish city, XIV. 235.
Manrique, poetry of, XVIII. 162.
Mans (Le), in France, XIV. 235
Manse, XIV. 235.
Mansel (Sir Robert), his expedition
against Algiers, II. 506.
Mansfield, XIV. 235.
  (Lord). See Murray (Wm).
Mansion-House, London, XIII. 535.
Mansir, Hindu village, XIV. 236.
Manslaughter, XIV. 236.
Mansoura, XIV. 236.
Mansouria, XIV. 236.
Mantanane, island, XIV. 236.
Mantchoo Tartars, XXI. 87 ; XIII. 91.
Mantes, XIV. 236—bridge at, VI. 289.
Manticora, insect, IX. 112.
Mantine A, XIV. 236—battleof. III. 588;
XXI. 199—war with Sparta, XX. 527.
Mantis, insect, IX. 190.
Mantispa, insect, IX. 213.
Mantius, surgeon, XX. 822.
Mantlings, in heraldry, XT. 257.
Mantshurianlanguage,XIII.91;XXI.87.
Mantua, XIV. 230—Bonaparte’s siege
of, X. 103, 105—surrendered to the
French, XV. 722—school of painting
of, XVI. 719.
Mantz. See Mantes.
Mantzichierta, VII. 284.
Manual, XIV. 236.
Manuductor, XIV 237.
Manuel, emperor of the east, VII. 289.
Manufactures, XIV. 237 — employ¬
ment of capital in, XVIII. 283—not
productive of increased mortality,
285 — distinction between them and
agriculture, 293.
Manufacturer, XIV. 237.
Manufacturing system of political eco¬
nomy, XVIII. 262.
Manumission, XIV. 237.
Manure, XIV. 237—management of,
II. 299; in Lombardy, XIII. 473—
from folding sheep, II. 334—carefully
collected in China, VI. 579—for gar¬
dens, XI. 633—liquid, in Flanders,
XVI. 143.
Manuscripts, XIV. 237—illumination
of, XII. 249—restoration of decayed
inks, 278 — superior legibility of
old MSS. compared with new, 279—
where ancient MSS. may be supposed
to exist, XIII. 288—MSS. in the Bri¬
tish Museum, 295 ; at Oxford, 298 ;
Cambridge, 299 ; Edinburgh, 301 ;
Aberdeen, 304 ; Dublin, 304 ; Ma¬
drid, 307; Rome, 309 ; Florence, 310 ;•
Vienna, 312 ; Dresden, 312—of the
Scriptures, XIX. 788. See Copyists,
Diplomatics, Palimpsest, Papyri.
Manutius (Aldus), senior, XIV. 237.
 (Aldus), junior, XIV. 238—his
friendship to Crichton, VII. 468,
 (Paulus), XIV. 238,
Man was, Hindu town, XIV. 239.
Manzoni, his romance, XIX. 350.
Manzora, river, XIV. 239.
Manzureka, river, XIV. 239.
Maouna, island, XIV. 239.
Maps, D’Anville’s improvements on, III.
278—for the blind, IV. 698—in the
time of the Crusades, VII. 495—an¬
cient, X. 394—Venetian, 400—con¬
struction and use of, 412—ordnance-
maps, XXI. 360—vertical sections,
IV. 403. See Geography, Projection.
Maple, specific gravity of, XII. 32.
Maple-trees, XVII. 786.
Mapou-tree, III. 152.
Mar (Earl of), his rebellion in 1715, V.
374—district of, II. 29.
Marabea, Arabian town, XIV. 239.
Marabou, bird, XVI. 619.
Maracay, XIV. 239.
Maracaybo, province and town, XIV.
MAR
239—town taken by the bucaneers,
V. 624—lake, VII. 90.
Maraga, Persian city, XIV. 240.
Maraldi (J. P.), astronomical labours of,
III. 743—on the planet Venus, IV.
28—on the geometric properties of
bees’ combs, IV. 526.
Marana (John Paul), XIV. 240.
Maranham or Maranhao, XIV. 240—
trade of, V. 210.
Mabanon or Amazon, river, II. 587 ;
XVII. 524, 525. See Amazon.
Marasdin, Austrian city, XIV. 241.
Marat, X. 71, et seq., 79—murder of,
VII. 322. See Damon.
Marathon, XIV. 241—battle of. III.
586, n. ; IV. 150.
Maratta. See Mahratta.
Maratti (Carlo), XIV. 242; XVI. 716.
Marattjba Isles, XIV. 242.
Maravedi, coin, XIV. 242 ; XV. 400.
Marawas, XIV. 242.
Marbella, Spanish city, XIV. 242.
Marble, XIV. 242—Athenian, IV. 122,
n. 1—Florentine, VI. 706—Irish, XII.
394—of Roman edifices, HI. 419—
specific gravity of, XII. 32—-method
of working it in statuary, XX. 12.
Marblehead, XIV. 304.
Marbling of paper, XIV. 242.
Marbois (Count), on Illinois, XII. 248.
Marburg, in Hesse, XIV. 242 ; XI. 287.
 , in Austria, XIV. 242.
Mareard on bathing, IV. 443.
Marcasite, XIV. 242.
Marcellianism, XIV. 242.
Marcell in, in France, XIV. 242.
Marcellinus (Ammianus), II. 657.
Marcellus (M. C.), XIV. 242, 243—de¬
feat of Hannibal by, VI. 200—decoyed
and killed, 201—his siege of Syracuse,
XXI. 57.
Mareet (Dr), his analysis of the ■water of
the Dead Sea, III. 7 04—on diseases of
the kidneys, XVII. 479, 481.
Marcet’s reflectors, XX. 19.
Marcgraaf on birds, XVI. 545.
Marcgraaviacese, in botany, V. 101.
Marcgraye, XIV. 243.
March, month of, XIV. 243—garden¬
ing operations in, XI. 688.
 , English town, XIV. 244.
 of an army in war, XXL 749.
Marchand (Prosper), XIV. 244—on the
origin and first progress of printing,
IV. 622.
 Island, XIV. 244.
Marche En Famine( XU. 244.
Marchers, XIV. 24-J.
Marchet, XIV. 244.
Marcian, Roman emperor, XIX. 422.
Marcionites, heretics, XlV. 244.
Marches, heretics, XIV. 244.
Marco (St), city, XIV. 244.
 (General>, VI. 541.
 Polo, XVII. 158.
Marcomannj, XIV. 244 ; X. 477.
Marcosians, sect, XIV. 245.
Harden, town in Kent, XIV. 245.
Mares, management of, in breeding, II.
318—milk of, VI. 499 ; XV. 76.
Mareca, bird, XVI. 639.
Mareckan, island, XIV. 245.
Maree (Loch), XIX. 484.
Maregorian, island, XIV. 245.
Marekanite, a mineral, XV. 157.
Marella, Hindu town, XIV. 245.
Marengo, Italian town, XIV. 245—
battle of, V. 495; X. 118.
Marennes, in France, XIV. 245.
Mareotis (Lake), VIII. 493, n. ; 513.
Maresfield, in Sussex, XIV. 245.
Makets (Samuel des), XIV. 245—his
controversy with Alting, II. 570.
Margam, Welsh town, XIV. 245.
Margaret (St), martyr, XIV. 245.
 —, queen of Denmark, VII. 721 ;
XVI. 259.
 , queen of England, VIII. 736.
 ,the Maiden of Norway, XIX. 708.
 , queen of Norway, XXI. 13.
 , queen of Scotland, XIX. 700,
. 702, 704, n, 3.
INDEX,
99
MAR
Margaric acid, VI. 430.
Margarita, island, XIV. 245.
Margaritone, painter, XVI. 708.
Margate, in Kent, XIV. 246.
Margeeseerah, XIV. 246.
Marginella, mollusca, XV. 346.
Margraaf on alum, II. 571.
Margrave, XIV. 243.
Maria, island, XIV. 246.
■  , canal of, in Russia, IV. 331.
• , queen of Portugal, reign of,
XVIII. 472, 476.
 Theresa, reign of, IV. 220—her
government of Belgium, XVI. 121.
 (Santa), island, XIV. 246.
 (Santa Fe de), XIV. 246.
  Maggiore (St), XIV. 246.
Maria’s Island, XIV. 246.
 Islands, XIV. 247.
Mariamne, XII. 572.
Marian Islands. See Ladrones.
Mariana (John), historian, XIV. 246.
Marianini (Prof.), on the cure of palsy
, by electricity, VIII. 641—on conduc¬
tors of electricity, XXI. 675—on vol¬
taic currents, 676.
Marianna, city in Brazil, XIV. 247.
Marias (Las Tres), islands, XIV. 247.
Maribone, XIV. 247 ; XIII. 537.
Maricaban, island, XIV. 247.
Marie, a French Capuchin, gave the first
notions of photometry, I. 637.
Mariegalante, island, XIV. 247.
Marienburg, Saxon city, XIV. 247.
 , Prussian city, XIV. 247.
Marienwerder, XIV. 247.
Marietta, in Ohio, XVI. 330.
Marigold, XI. 675.
Marimonda, in zoology, XIV. 94.
Marindugera, island, XIV. 247.
Marine, XIV. 247. See Marines.
 Barometer, IV. 393; XX. 58.
Marineo, Sicilian city, XIV. 247.
Mariner’s account of the Tonga Islands,
XVIII. 323.
 Compass. See Compass.
Marines, XIV. 247; XVI. 51, 53, 62.
Marini, poetry of, XVIII. 161.
Marino (St), XIV. 247.
Marinus, Roman anatoriiist, II. 689.
 of Tyre, X. 396.
Marion (Captain), voyage of, IV. 205.
■  and Crozet’s Islands, XIV. 248.
Mariott (Mr), his patent dial weighing-
machine, XXI. 838.
Mariotte on barometrical measurements,
I. 542; IV. 3J6—experiments and con¬
clusions of, I. 613—on the colours of
halos, VI. 634—on hydrodynamics,
XII. 2, 67 ; XIX. 256—his reflecting
level, XIII. 257—his theory of springs,
XX. 549.
Marischal College, Aberdeen, XXI. 517.
Maritime, XIV. 248—Law, ib.
Maritimo, island, XIV. 248.
Maries (Caius), XIV. 248 ; XVI. 306 ;
XIX. 391, et seq.—his defeat of the
Teutones, VI. 697.
Marivaux (P. C. de C. de), XIV. 250.
Marivelas, island, XIV. 250.
Mark (St), XIV. 250—Gospel of, 251.
Markets, XIV. 251; IX. 4i 6—in Liver¬
pool, XIII. 393—in London, 507—in
Newcastle, XVI. 155. See Fairs.
Market-Bosworth, V. 29.
Market-Wbighton, in Yorkshire, XXL
840—canal, XVI, 16.
Markham (Gervais), on the qualities of
an angler, III. 133—his works on
angling, 149.
Markirch, in France, XIV. 251.
Markland (Jeremiah), XIV. 251.
Marl, XIV. 252—its use as a manure,
II. 302—shell-marl, XV. 225.
Marlborough, in Wilts, XIV. 252.
 (Duke of). See Churchill (John).
Marlin, XIV. 252.
Marlow (Great), in-Bucks, XIV. 252.
Marly, French town, XIV. 252—aque¬
duct of, III. 320.
Marmalade, XIV. 252.
Marmande, in France, XIV. 252.
Marmignac, XIV. 252.
MAR
Marmolite, specific gravity of, XII. 33.
Marmontel (J. F.), XIV. 252 — his
Tales, XIX. 354—his character of
Voltaire, XXI. 702.
Marmot, XIV. 131—its hybernation, III.
168—its structure, XVII. 705.
Marmoutier, XIV. 255.
Marne, XIV. 255—Upper, 256.
Marobia, XV. 703.
Marobodus, X. 477.
Marocco, weights and measures of, XXI.
854.
Maronda, Hindu town, XIV. 256.
Marone-colour, dyeing of, VIII. 338.
Maronites, XIV. 256; XVI. 748.
Maroons, V. 478.
Marot (Clement), XIV. 256—poetry
of, XVIII. 164.
Marphysa, worm, XI. 219.
Marque (Letters of), XIV. 257 ; II. 157.
Marquesas, islands in tho Pacific Ocean,
XIV. 257; XVIII. 328.
Marquetry, XIV. 257.
Marquis, XIV. 258.
Marr, II. 29—Earl of, V. 374.
Marracci (Ludovico), XIV. 258.
Marriage, XIV. 258—jactitation of,
259—marriage and marriage-customs
in Abyssinia, II. 61-2—North Ame¬
rica, II. 620—Arabia, III. 335—Asia,
694—ancient Babylonia, IV. 271—
Cardiganshire, VI. 138—ancient Ger¬
many, 596 — Dahomey, VII. 587—
Denbighshire, 717—Egypt, VIII. 528
— Hindustan, XI. 404 — Japan, XII.
516—Java, 563—New Holland, IV.
209 — Siam, XX. 322 — Sparta, 528—
Tibet, XXI. 257—pairing of animals,
III. 168—among the Bazeegurs, IV.
468—conducting home of bride, V.
262—encouraged by the Romans, VI.
271—concubinage, VII. 197—misery
and happiness of married life, VIII.
101—proportion of marriages to the
population, in England, 800—English
law of, IX. 27—not contractible by
idiots, XII. 242—fluctuations in the
civil law respecting the marriage of
cousins, XIII. 357, n.—in relation to
medical jurisprudence, XIV. 493 —
nubile age, ib.—circumstances invali¬
dating, ib.—needs no encouragement,
509—Milton on, XV. 93, n.—duties
relating to, 471—Jewish law of, 565
prudential restraint on, a check to
population, XVIII. 415—dependence
of marriages on deaths, 417—propor¬
tion of births to marriages, 421—pro¬
portion of the born in England living
to marry, 423—effect of absence of
prudential restraint, 425 — registra¬
tion of, XIX. 98. See Bigamy, Celi¬
bacy, Divorce, Love, Polygamy.
Marriage-act, royal, V. 395.
Marrow, II. 744 ; XVII. 598, 601.
Marryat (Capt.), his code of naval sig¬
nals, XX. 339.
Mars, planet, XIV. 259 ; IV. 28 —
Kepler on its motions, III. 739—phe¬
nomena of, IV. 14—parallax of, 24—
variations of its orbit, 59—atmos¬
phere of, XVIII. 105.
 , god of war, XIV. 259.
 , in chemistry, XIV. 259.
 —, Hill of, in Athens, IV. 123.
Mars Hill, New Brunswick, XVI. 148.
Marsao, French town, XIV. 259.
Marsais (Cesar Chesneau Du), XIV.
259—on the alphabet, II. 550.
Marsala, XIV. 260 ; XV. 703.
Marsden (Mr), his attempt to Chris¬
tianize the New Zealanders, IV. 216
—on edible birds-nests, 646—on the
gypsies, XL 98—on rice, XIX. 234—
his account of Sumatra, XX. 802, et
seq.
Marseilles, French city, XIV. 260—
Greek colony at, VIII. 204.
Marsh (Narcissus), XIV. 263—on trans¬
lations of the Bible, IV. 620.
 (Mr), his electro-dynamic ap¬
paratus, XXI. 685, 686.
 . See Marshes.
MAR
Marshal, XIV. 263.
Marshall (Mr Sergeant), on average,
IV. 250-1.
   on the Coptic language, XI. 312.
 on agriculture. See the article
Agriculture, passim.
Marshalling a coat, in heraldry, XIV.
263; XI. 259.
Marshes, cultivation of, II. 313—their
effect on health, IV. 138 ; XIV. 511;
on climate, XVII. 544—quality of
timber grown in, XXI. 292.
Marshfield, English town, XIV. 263.
Marshman (Dr), on the Chinese language,
VI. 549.
Marsi, XIV. 263.
Marsiconuovo, XIV. 263.
Marsigli (L. F. Count de), XIV. 263.
Marsiliaceoe, in botany, V. 37, 138—or¬
gans of reproduction of, 54.
Marsilli on birds, XVI. 546.
Marsland (Peter), his improvement of
the steam-loom, VII. 409.
Marson-town, Jamaica, XII. 501.
Marston-moor, battle of, V. 326.
Marsupialia, in zoology, XIV. 125—
bones of their pelvis, III. 7—their
pouch, 40—structure of, XVII. 705.
Marsyas, XIV. 264 ; VIII. 473.
Mart or Fair, XIV. 264. See Fairs.
Martel (Charles), X. 6.
Marten, in zoology, XIV. 109.
Martha (Santa), city, XIV. 264.
Martialis (Marcus Valerius), Latin
poet, XIV. 264.
Martin (St), bishop of Tours, XIV.
265 ; XXL 648.
 (Benjamin), XIV. 265—on the
fusee of watches, VI. 787—on capillary
attraction, XII. 40.
 (Dr), the first judicious writer
on heat, I. 642.
  (Gabriel), on the classification
of books, IV. 631.
 (General San), XVII. 298.
 (St), island, XIV. 265.
 , bird, XVI. 578—anecdote of a
combination of martins against a spar¬
row, V. 617.
Martinet on birds, XVI. 549.
Martingale, XIV. 265 ; XL 618.
Martinico, island, XIV. 265—long in¬
fested by ants, III. 239.
MartinsbErg, XIV. 266.
Martlets, XIV. 266 ; XI. PI. 277.
Martock, English town, XIV. 266.
Martyn on botany, V. 83.
 (John), VI. 314.
Martyr, XIV. 266.
Martyrs, era of, VI. 660.
Martyrology,XIV. 266.
Marvedi, coin, XIV. 242 ; XV. 400.
Marvejols, in France, XIV. 267.
Marvell (Andrew), XIV. 267.
Marviaux, novels of, XIX. 352.
Marwar, in Hindustan, XIV. 267.
Mary, seven persons of this name men¬
tioned in Scripture, XIV. 267;
 or Miriam, sister of Aaron and
Moses, XIV. 267.
 , mother of Jesus, XIV. 268.
 Magdalene, XIV. 270.
 , sister of Martha, XIV. 271.
 Salome, XIV. 271.
 , mother of John, XIV. 271.
 , a pious Christian, XIV. 271.
 , queen of England, VIII. 753—
execution of Cranmer, VII. 448—per¬
secution of Protestants, XIX. 96.
 , consort of William III. of Eng¬
land, V. 360—her death, 366.
 , queen of Scotland, XIX. 727—
Buchanan her tutor, V. 630—crimi¬
nality of, 630—Chalmers’s Life of,
VI. 309, 310—Edinburgh in the reign
of, VIII. 413—Elizabeth’s treatment
of, 756—Robertson’s history of, XI.
498 —Laing’s Dissertation on her
guilt, XIII. 23—Bishop Lesley’s ser¬
vices to, 235—Robertson’s opinion of,
XIX. 301—her residence at Sheffield,
XX. 197—Gilbert Stuart’s History
of, 783—Wm. Tytier’s Inquiry into
MAR—MAS
the Evidence against her, XXI. 443 —
Whitaker’s Vindication of, 871.
Mary of Guise, XIX. 727—her regency
in Scotland, 732, et seq.
 (St), island, IV. 263.
Mary’s (St) Loch, XIX. 748.
Maryborough, XIV. 271; XVIII. 787.
Maryland, XIV. 271—canals in, XVI.
26; XXI. 472—railroads, 473—state-
bonds of, 479.
Mary-Le-Bone, XIV. 275 ; XIII. 537.
Maryport, in Cumberland, XIV. 275.
Marzion, in Cornwall, XIV. 275.
Mas (Louis Du), XIV. 275.
Masaniello, XV. 695.
Masarides, insects, IX. 230.
Masaris, insect, IX. 230.
Masaya, in Nicaragua, XVI. 202.
Masbate, island, XIV. 275.
Masbotilki, sect, XIV. 275.
Mascagni on the lymphatics, II. 703—
on adipose tissue, 715, 716—on erec¬
tile tissue, 726—on exhalation, 727.
Mascali, Sicilian city, XIV. 276.
Mascat, XIV. 276. See Muscat.
Maseheroni of Bergamo, mathematical
talents of, I. 585.
Mascle, in heraldry, XL 252.
Masculine, XIV. 276—Signs, ib.
Maseres (Baron), services rendered to
science by.1.59 3—on annuities,III. 200
Masina, in Africa, XIV. 276.
Masham, in Yorkshire, XIV. 276.
Mashing, in brewing, V. 240—in distil¬
lation, VIII. 44—mash-tun, V. 255 —
mashing machine, 256.
Mashvvort highlyesteemedby the Druids,
VIII. 208.
Masinissa, Numidian king, XIV. 276 ;
VI. 202 ; XVI. 302.
Masks, XIV. 301—ancient scenic, III.
259—used by Greek actors, VIII. 145,
147, 150 ; by Roman actors, 152.
Maskelyne (Nevil), XIV. 277 — his
astronomical labours, III. 746—his
micrometer, XV. 16.
Maskelyne’s Islands, XIV. 279.
Mason (Charles), IX. 549.
 (William), poet, XIV. 279.
 , engraver, IX. 54.
Mason’s improvements on Mayer’s lunar
tables, III. 751.
Masons, diseases of, XIV. 510.
Mason-bee, IX. 233.
Mason-work, V. 673.
Masonry (Free), XIV. 280.
  —, or art of building, XIV. 286.
See Building.
Masora, Jewish term, XIV. 391.
Masoretic points, XVII. 364.
Masque, in architecture, XIV. 301.
  , or Mask. See Mask.
Masquerade, XIV. 301.
Masrakitha, XIV. 301.
Mass, in mechanics, XIV. 301.
 , in Romish Church, XIV. 301 ;
XX. 814—Mass of the Presanctified,
XIV. 302.
Massa, Italian state, XIV. 302.
Massaccio, painter, XVI. 709.
Massachusetts, XIV. 302; XVI. 156
—canals, XVI. 24 ; XXI. 470—rail¬
roads, 472—state-bonds, 479.
Massaget.®, XIV. 307.
Massalians, enthusiasts, XIV. 307.
Massaniello, XV. 695.
Masse’s Island, XIV. 307.
Massena (General), V. 529.
Massilia, XIV. 307.
Massilon (Jean Baptiste), XIV. 3C7
—compared with Bourdaloue, V. 152.
Massinger (Philip), XIV. 310—his dra¬
matic works, VIII. 169.
Massive, in building, XIV. 311.
Massuah, Egyptian town, XIV. 311.
Masts, XIV. 311—building of, VI. 165
-—use of cutting away, XX. 54—posi¬
tion of, 244, 248.
Mastacomblus, fish, XII. 186.
Master, XIV. 311—of the Militia, &c.»
ib., 312.
 of a ship, XIV. 312 ; XVI. 52.
Master-load, in mining, XIV. 312.
100
INDEX
MAS—MAT
Mastersingers of Germany, poetry of
the, XVIII. 167.
Mastic, specific gravity of, XII. 33.
Mastication, or chewing, XIV. 312 ;
XVII. 581, 626.
Mastich, XIV. 312.
Masticot, yellow-lead, XIV. 312.
Mastiff, XIV. 312. See Dog.
Mastigadoob, XIV. 312.
Mastigus, insect, IX. 147.
Mastodon of Buenos Ayres, V. 641.
 Giganteum. See Mammoth.
Mastoid cells, II. 801.
Masuli, island, XIV. 312.
Masulipatam, XIV. 312.
Masvvey, Hindu town, XIV. 312.
Mat an, island, XIV. 312.
Mataquita, river, VI. 523.
Mataram, Asiatic town, XIV. 312.
Mataro, Spanish city, XIV. 312.
Match, XIV. 312.
Mate, XIV. 312.
Mater a city of Naples, XIV. 312.
Materia Medica, XIV. 312, 523. See
Medicines.
Material, XIV. 313.
Materialism, XIV. 671; XVII. 559,
674, 681—opposed by Leibnitz, 1.
128—taught by Epicurus, III. 294 —
Robert Hall on, XI. 115—not de-
ducible from phrenology, XVII. 460.
Materialists, XIV. 313; I. 57—fal¬
lacy of their reasoning exposed, 58.
Mathematical Geography, X. 403.
Mathematicians, ancient, XX. 359.
Mathematics, XIV. 313 — ancient
works on, preserved in religious estab¬
lishments during the dark ages, I.
434—language of, must always con¬
sist of two parts, 445—Aristotle on,
III. 499—use of definitions in, XIII.
444—establishment of principles in,
ib —speculative and practical proposi¬
tions, ib.—mathematical principles
how distinguished, ib.—utility of the
study of, in cultivating the power of
reasoning, 449—origin of, XVII. 563
—indispensable to the natural philoso¬
pher, 571. See Geometry, &c.
Mathon de la C'our, his addition to Bar¬
ker’s Mill, XXL 806.
Mathos, VI. 194.
Mathulen of Lyon, on the quadrature of
the circle, XX. 554.
Matilda, queen of England, VIII. 716.
Matlock, in Derbyshire, XIV. 324—
springs at, VII. 736.
Matrice, or Matrix, XIV. 324.
Matricula, XIV. 324.
Matriculation at Oxford, XXI. 497.
Matronalia, festival, XIV. 324.
Matrosses, XIV. 324.
Matsmai, in Japan, XIV. 324.
Matsys (Quintin), XVIII. 796.
Matt, in a ship, XIV. 324.
Mattathias, Jewish patriot, XII. 570.
Matter, XIV. 324, 643 ; XVII. 559-
divisibility of, VIII. 70—existence of,
XIV. 649—distinguished from mind,
XVII. 559, 658, 674—qualities and
formation of, 798. See Idealism, Ma¬
terialism.
Matteucci on the electricity of the sun’s
rays, VIII. 607—his theory of hail,
622 ; and of sheet-lightning, ib.—his
phosphorus-electrometer, VIII. 659.
Matthew (St), evangelist, XIV. 325—
Gospel of, 324.
 (St), island, XIV. 325.
 de Gradibus, II. 693.
 of Paris, XVII. 82.
 of Westminster, XIV. 325.
Matthew’s (St) Day, XIV. 325.
 (St), Russian island, XIX. 590.
Matthews’s Bible, IV. 618.
Matthias (St), apostle, XIV. 325.
   (John), anabaptist, II. 679.
Matthias’s (St), Day, XIV. 325.
Matto-Grosso, in Brazil, XIV. 325.
Mat.ura, town in Ceylon, XIV. 326.
Maturin’s Montorio, XIX. 345.
Matvieief, island, XIV. 326.
Matwar, in Hindustan, XIV. 326.
MAT—MAY
Matt (Matthew), XIV. 326.
 (Paul Henry), XIV. 327.
Macbedge, French city, XIV. 327.
Maud, daughter of Henry I., VIII. 716.
Mauduit on birds, XVI. 549.
Maule, river, VI. 523.
Mauleon, in France, XIV. 327.
Maulinos of Chili, VI. 537—description
of their dress, 538.
Maumee, river, XVI. 326.
Maunch, in heraldry, XIV. 327.
Maundy Thursday, XIV. 327.
Maupeouana, II. 676.
Maupertuis vP. L. N. de), XIV. 327 —
the first mathematician of eminence
who taught the Newtonian philosophy
in France, I. 577—on the laws of mo¬
tion, VIII. 366—on the length of the
degree, IX. 548—on mechanics, XIV.
354—his dispute with Voltaire, XXI.
701.
Maur (St), XIV. 329.
 (St), canal of, XVI. 6.
Maura, island, XIV. 329.
Mauriac, in France, XIV. 329.
Maurice (St), XIV. 329.
 (St), knights of, II. 581.
  de Nassau, Prince of Orange,
XIV. 329; XI. 519, et seq.—*his pro¬
ceedings against the Spaniards in the
Netherlands, XVI. 115.
 of Nassau (Count), his adminis¬
tration in Brazil, V. 191.
Mauritania, XIV. 330 ; II. 503.
Mauritius, XIV. 331—weights and
measures of, XXI. 854.
Maurolycus of Messina, III. 288—his
contributions to mathematics, I. 436 ;
XIV. 316—distinguished for skill in
optics, 508—formed a right judgment
of defects of short-sighted and long¬
sighted eyes, ib.—explained why light
admitted through a small hole of any
shape, and received upon a plane, is
always round, and through a large
one always of the shape of the aper¬
ture, 508—supposed that light ac¬
quires colour by refraction in pass¬
ing through the water-drop of the
rainbow, 509—on optics, XIII. 329 ;
XVI. 352.
Maurokordatus (Nicholas), XXI. 709.
Maurus (Raban), XIII. 292.
Mausoleum, XIV. 333—of Adrian, III.
447—of Augustus, ib.
Mawballypore, XIV. 333.
Maws (St), in.Cornwall, XIV. 333.
Maxence, centre employed for the bridge
of, VI. 285.
Maxentius, XIX. 415.
Maxillary bones, in man, II. 776, 778—
in the mammalia, III. 5—in birds, 12.
 sinus, II. 785.
Maximian, reign of, XIX. 4l3.
Maximilian I., emperor, IV. 219.
Maximin. XIX. 415.
Maximinus, reign of, XIX. 411.
Maximum, XIV. 333.
Maximus, XIX. 419.
 , cynic, XIV. 433.
 , Roman emperor, XIX. 422 ;
VII. 279.
 of Tyre, XIV. 334—on the poly¬
theism of philosophers, XVIII. 340.
Maxwell (John), IV. 289,n.; XIX. 526,n.
 (W. H.), quoted on deer-st ik¬
ing, XX. 303.
 on agriculture, II. 262.
May, month of, XIV. 334—gardening
operations in, XI. 689.
 (Isle of), XIV. 334 ; IX. 766—
lighthouse on, XX. 25.
 (Thomas), poet, XIV. 334.
May-bug, destruction of, XXI. 602.
May-flies, their use in angling, III. 135.
Mayahoon, Burmese town, XIV. 334.
Mayenne, in France, XIV. 334.
 and Loire, in France, XIV. 334.
Mayer (Frederic- Christian), on the arith¬
metic of sines, II. 485.
   (John), of Hamburg, on ano¬
nymous books, IV. 627.
 (Tobias), XIV. 335—his lunar
MAY—MEC
tables, I. 579, 665 ; III. 751—changed
the sextant into a circle, and produced
the repeating circle, I. 633—his dip¬
ping needle, XIII. 768.
Mayer (Professor), on mean tempera¬
ture, VI. 746; XVII. 543.
Mayerne (Sir Theodore de), XIV. 337.
Maynooth, XIV. 337 ; XII. 714.
Maynwaring (Arthur), XIV. 337.
Mayo, Irish county, XIV. 337.
  —, African island, XIV. 340.
 (John), his long beard, IV. 472‘
 (Dr), on insanity, XIV. 584—on
the nerves of motion. XVII. 675.
Mayor, XIV. 340—Lord Mayor of Lon¬
don, XIII. 548.
Mayorga, islands, XIV. 340.
Mayow’s chemical discoveries IV. 514.
Maypu, river, VI. 52,3.
Maysville, in Kentucky, XIL 698.
Maza, XIV. 340.
MAZAGAN,in Africa,XIV.340; XV.506.
Mazagong, Pox-tuguese village on the
island of Bombay, XIV. 340.
Mazamet, French city, XIV. 340.
Mazanderan, in Persia, XIV. 340.
Mazarin (Julius), XIV. 340 ; VII. 56 ;
X. 34—his enmity to the Prince of
Concfe, VII. 201-3.
 Librai'y, XIII. 305.
Mazatlan, Mexican port, XIV. 818.
Mazaya, XI. 19.
Mazeas on the colours of thin plates,
XVI. 432, 451.
Mazeira, island, XIV. 343.
Mazeppa, XIX. 544.
MaZular, island, XIV. 343.
Mazzara, XIV. 343 ; XV. 703.
Mazzoni, VII. 469.
Meaco, city in Japan, XIV. 343.
Mead, XIV. 343 ; IX. 498.
 (Dr Richard), XIV. 343.
Meade (General), VIII. 497.
Meadow, XIV. 344; II. 308—irriga¬
tion of meadows, XII. 446.
Meadovvbank (Lord), kind of manure in¬
troduced by, II. 303.
Meahimge, Hindu town, XIV. 344.
Meal, XIV. 344.
Meals, posture of the Greeks and Ro¬
mans during, II. 90.
Mean, XIV. 344.
Meangis Isles, XIV. 344.
Meanma, Persian town, XIV. 344.
Meanree, XIV. 344.
Meant, Hindu town, XIV. 344.
Meares (Captain), X. 263.
Mearns, Scotch county, XII. 720—sheep,
II. 330—fisheries, IX. 601.
Measure, XIV. 344, 345.
Measurement of brick-work, V. 672—-
stone-walling, 676—plaster-work, 681
— slater’s-work, 682 — cai’penter’s
work, 686 —joiner’s work, 690 —
plumber’s work, 693—timber, XXI.
297. See Barometrical Measure¬
ments, Levelling, Mensuration, Ton¬
nage, Trigonometrical Survey.
Measures, XXI. 840—Prussian, XVIII.
701—Russian, XIX. 564,n.—Dr Cum¬
berland on Jewish, VII. 540—pro¬
posed new system of, 680—tables of,
III. 544 ; XIV. 562 ; XXI. 850 —
Roman foot, VII. 200.
Meat. See Dietetics, Food.
Meath, Irish county, XIV. 345—West¬
meath, XXI. 860.
Meaux. French town, XIV. 348.
Mecca, XIV. 534—taken, by the Waha¬
bis, III. 344 — recaptured by the
Turks, ib.—pilgrimage to, 338 ; XIV.
38—taken by Mahommed, 29; III. 342
—various notices of, 343, et seq.—
balsam of, IV. 322—indignities offered
by the Wahabis to Mahommed’s tomb
at, VIII. 501.
Mechain (P. F. A.), XIV. 459 ; I. 659
—measurement of a degree of latitude
by, ih.; IX. 550.
Mechanical, XIV. 348—Curve, ih.
 Iffiilosophy, XVII. 565—a ma¬
thematical study, 571—useful to phy¬
sicians, XIV. 524.
MEC—MED
Mechanical Powers, XIV. 348—origin
of knowledge of, XVII. 563—electro¬
magnetism applied as a, XXI. 687.
 — Solution, XIV. 348.
Mechanics, XIV. 349 ; XVII. 567—
—small progress made in the science
before end of 16th century, I. 474—
• Guido Ubaldi, ib.—Stevinus, ib.—re¬
volution effected by Galileo, 475—
principle of virtual velocities enun¬
ciated, 535 — Varignon’s Projet d'une
Nouvelle Mrcanique, 535-6—Newton’s
Principia, 536 —■ improvements by
Leibnitz, ib. — force of moving body
estimated by Descartes and Leibnitz,
538—controversy which ensued, 539,
et seq.—principles relativ- to force of
moving bodies, 540—controversy as
to the vis viva, 541—problems solvtd
in times of Newton and Leibnitz. 542
contributions of Halley, 542-4—skill
of the Druids in, VIII. 207 —Aris¬
totle’s wheel, XIX. 489. See Car¬
pentry, Dynamics, Lever, Rotation,
Statics, Strength of Materials, Weigh¬
ing-Machines, &e.
 (Animal). XIV. 524.
Mechanics’ Institutions, XIV. 460—
importance of, VII. 415.
Mechlin, in the Netherlands, XIV. 462
—steeple of, III. 389.
Mechoacan, XIV. 462.
Meckel (J. F.), his anatomical labours,
II. 702 — his Manual, 704—on the
veins, 720 —on the lymphatics, 729
—on animal tissues, XVII. 596.
Mecklenburg, coast of, IV. 329—weights
and measures of, XXI. 854.
—  Schwerin, XIV. 462.
 Strelitz, XIV. 462.
Meconic acid, VI. 430, 460—its poison¬
ous quality, XIV. 505.
Medals, XIV. 463—casting of, VI. 230.
232; by voltaic electricity, XXL 682
—Roman, XII. 292—Vaillant on, XXI.
537—Academy of Medals and Inscrip¬
tions at Paris, II. 75. See Coins.
Medallion, XIV. 488, 486.
Medea, XIV. 488.
Medeterus, insect, IX. 277.
Media, XIV. 488 ; HI. 685.
Median language, XIII. 82.
Mediasch, Hungarian city, XIV. 489.
Mediator, XIV. 489.
Medical Academies, II. 68.
 Electricity, VIII. 640.
—  Jurisprudence, XIV. 490, 528.
 Legislation, XIV. 527.
 Police, XIV. 508 ; XVIII. 251.
 Statistics, XIV. 522.
Mediceo-Laurentian Library, XIII. 310.
Medici (Cosmo de), XIV. 529.
  (Lorenzo de), XIV. 529 —
Roscoe’s Life of, XIX. 473—encourage¬
ment of art by-the Medici, XVI. 709.
Medicine, XIV. 513—study of, deve-
lopes the intellect, I. 101—effects of
anger on diseases, III. 128 — state
of, in Turkey, 615, n. 3—characters
of abbreviations in, VI. 323—chemi¬
cal theorists, 348—improved by the
Crusades, VII. 495—druidical know¬
ledge of, VIII. 208—employment ot
the magnet in. XIV. 2, et seq.—origin
of, XVII. 563—application of phy¬
siology to, 584 — superstitious no¬
tions connected with, XX. 812 —
Edinburgh school of, XXI. 521. See
Disease, Health, Materia Medica,
Pathology, Physic (Practice of), Phy¬
siology, Veterinary Science.
Medicines, distinguished from aliments
and poisons, HI. 166—effects of cus¬
tom on the operation of, VII. 561.
Medina, XIV. 530—pilgrimage to, III.
340—various notices of, 342, et seq.—
taken by the AVahabis, 344—recap¬
tured by the Turks, ib.—Mahommed
at, XIV. 28.
 , town in Bahrein, XIV. 530.
 Celi, Spanish town, XIV. 531.
Medina-de las-Torres, XIV. 531.
Medina-del-Campo, XIV. 531.
INDEX
101
MED—MET
Medina-del-rio-Seco, XIV. 531.
Medina Sidonia, XIV. 531.
 Sidonia (Duke of), commander
of the Spanish Armada, VIII. 758—
shipwrecked on Shetland, XXI. 987.
• (Sir John), painter, XIV. 531.
 (Pedro de), his treatise on navi¬
gation, XV. 746.
Medine, Egyptian money, XIV. 531.
Medinet-Habou,antiquitiesat, VIII. 535.
Medinet-el-Fayoum, VIII. 545.
Mediolanum, XIV. 531.
Meditation, XIV. 531.
Mediterranean, XIV. 532.
 Sea, XIV. 532 ; IX. 408 ; XVII.
520—Ptolemy on the, X. 3‘95.
MedItrinalia, XIV. 532.
Medium, XIV. 532.
Medlar, culture of, XI. 649—specific
gravity of its wood, XII. 33.
Medrano (Don Mariano), V. 656.
Meduck, Hindu town, XIV. 532.
Medulla oblongata, XIV. 583 ; XVII.
660, 673, 675.
Medullary tissue of animals, III. 158.
 *— membrane of bones, II. 744.
 texture of plants, III. 61.
Medullin, VI. 480.
Medusa, Gorgon, XIV. 532.
 , in zoology, XVII. 518—struc¬
ture of, 722.
Medusides, zoophytes, XXI. 1013.
Medway, river, XIV. 532—its naviga¬
tion, XVI. 16—Medway and Thames
Canal, 19.
Medyn, in Russia, XIV. 532.
Meeanahs, VII. 564.
Meegheoung-Yay, XIV. 532.
Meer Cossim, XI. 418.
Meerat, Hindu town, XIV. 532.
Meercasserai, n Bengal, XIV. 532.
Meerjaow, Hindu town, XIV. 532.
Meerman’s work entitled Origines Ty¬
pographical, IV. 6-22.
Meerschaum, in mineralogy, XV. 148.
Megacephala, insects, IX. 112.
Megacephali, insects, IX. 276.
Megachile, insect, IX. 233.
Megaclts, IV. 146.
Megaderma, in zoology, XIV. 101.
Megaderus, insect, IX. 178.
Megale Pouts, or Megalopolis, Arca¬
dian town, XIV. 532.
Megauesia, Roman feasts, XIV. 532.
Megalodontes, insects, IX. 218.
Megalops, fish, XII. 216.
Megalopus, insect, IX. 181.
Megalotis, in zoology, XIV. 117.
Megapodius, bird, XVI. 627.
Megara,. XIV. 533; IV. 157; XI. 766
—war with Athens, IV. 144.
Megaric sect of ancient philosophers,
XVII. 341.
Mbgaris, in Greece, XIV. 533.
Megaseelis, insect, IX. 181.
Megasthenes, XIV. 533 ; III. 696.
Megatherion, bones of, found in Buenos
Ayres, V. 641.
Megiddo, town in Galilee, XIV. 533—
plain of, XVI. 743.
Megna, river, XIV. 533.
Mego, island, XIV. 533.
Mehedia, in Minorca, XV. 505.
Mehemmed Ali, viceroy of Egypt, II.
230—history of, VIII. 495, et seq.—
his massacre of the Mamelukes, 498—
expedition against the Wahabis, III.
344; VIII. 499—army, 502—navy, 504
—conquest of Syria, ib.; XXI. 64—
tyranny there, 65—character and per¬
sonal appearance, VIII. 504-6—mer¬
cantile and manufacturing policy, 523,
et seq.—said to be a freethinker, 529
—wonderful improvement of Egypt
under, 530—his neglect of its anti¬
quities, 551, n. — his war with the
Turks, XXI. 417.
Mehindry, Hindu river, XIV. 533.
Mehwas, in Hindustan, XIV. 533.
Meipomius (John Henry), XIV. 533.
 — (Henry), XIV. 533; II. 700.
 (Marcus), XIV. 533.
Meigle, vitrified fort at, IX. 757.
MEI—MEL
Meikle, inventor of the thrashing-ma¬
chine, VI. 720.
•  (Mr), his instrument for mea¬
suring small intervals of time, VI.
784—on evaporation, IX. 431—his
experiments on the heat of air, XII.
119—on the dew-point, &c., 128.
Meiningen, XIV. 534; XIX. 666.
Meionite, XV. 153—sp. gr. of, XII. 33.
Meisenheim, XIV. 534 ; XI. 288.
Meissen, in Saxony, XIV. 534.
Mekran, in Persia, XIV. 534.
Mekka. See Mecca.
Mela (Pomponius), XIV. 536.
Melah, Hindu town, XIV. 536.
Melampus, soothsayer, XIV. 536.
 , poems of, XVII. 404.
Melancholic temperament, XVII. 696 ;
XXI. 173.
Melancholy of men of sensibility and
genius, IV. 664.
Melancthon (Philip), XIV. 537; XIX.
93—his sanction of the peripatetic
doctrines, I. 16 ; III. 495—quoted on
moral distinctions, I. 20—approved of
the execution of Servetus, VII. 446—
on free-will, XX. 88.
Melandrya, insect,-IX. 166.
Melane-glance, XV.' 170.
Melane-ore, XV. 160.
Melania, in conchology, XV. 348.
MelanippiDes, Greek poet, XIV. 537.
Melanite, in mineralogy, XV. 159—spe¬
cific gravity of, XII. 33.
Melanoplectic membrane, III. 24.
Melanopsis, in conchology, XV. 348.
Melanthaceas, in botany, V. 135.
Melanthus, IV. 143.
Melapo, town in Anatolia, XIV. 537.
Melas (General), V. 495.
Melasis, insect, IX. 139.
Melasoma, insects, IX. 162.
Melastomaceie, in botany, V. 109.
Melchisedec, XIV. 537.
Melchites, XIV. 537.
Melcomb-Regis, XIV. 539.
Meleager, fabulous hero, XIV. 539.
 , Greek poet, XIV. 540.
 , a Macedonian, XIII. 640.
Meleagris, bird, XVI. 606.
Melecta, insect, IX. 234.
Meles, in zoology, XIV. 107.
Meletians, sect, XIV. 540.
Meletius, II. 691.
Melfi, city of Naples, XIV. 540.
Melford (Long), in Suffolk, XIV. 540.
Meliacea, in botany, V. 103.
Meliboea, island, XIV. 540.
Melicerta, XIV. 540.
Meliese, in botany, V. 103.
Melier (Monsieur), on complication of
diseases, XVII. 492
Melinda, XIV. 540 ; II. 232.
Melinum, XIV. 540.
Melipona, insect, IX. 237.
Melissa, XIV. 540.
Melissodes, insects, IX. 234.
Melissus, philosopher, XIV. 540.
Melita, island, V. 618 — language of,
XVII. 374. See Malta.
Melite, IV. 124.
Melithreptus, bird, XVI. 589.
Melito, bishop of Sardis, XIV. 540.
Melitophili, insects, IX. 160.
Melitus, one of the accusers of Socrates,
XX. 446, 461.
Melkapoor, Hindu town, XIV. 540.
Melksham, in Wilts, XIV. 540.
Melle, in France, XIV. 541.
Melling (Mr), his method of working the
valves of locomotive steam-engines,
XX. 651.
Mellinus, insect, IX. 230.
Mellite, in mineralogy, XV. 171.
Mellitic acid, VI. 428.
Melliturga, insect, IX. 234.
Mellone, IV. 248.
Melloni on heat, XI. 185—his thermo¬
electric pile, XXI. 698.
Melmoth (William), senior, XIV. 541.
 (William), junior, XIV. 541.
Melody, XIV. 541; XV. 619.
Meioe, insect, IX. 169.
ir-J- %
V.;-
MEL—MEN
Melograni’s blowpipe, IV. 714.
Melolontha, insect, IX. 158.
Melolonthides, insects, IX. 158.
Melon on political economy, XVIII. 268.
Melons, culture of, XI. 664.
Melonida, in botany, V. 48.
Melophagus, insect, IX. 293.
Melos, XIV. 542; IV. 158.
Melpomene, XIV. 542 ; XV. 603.
Melrose, XIV. 542 ; XIX. 513.
Melted bodies, electricity of, VIII. 603.
Melton Mowbray, XIV. 543.
Melun, in France, XIV. 543.
Melville (Andw.), XIV.543—M‘Crie’s
Life of, XIII. 662.
 (Sir James), XIV.,553.
 (General), on Hannibal’s route
across the Alps, VI. 196, n.
 (Lord). See Dundas (Henry).
 Bay, XIV. 555.
  Island, in North America, X.
757—climate of, II. 613.
Melyrides, insects, IX. 145.
Melyris, insect, IX. 145.
Mem de Sa, V. 190.
Membracis, insect, IX. 204.
Membranes of human body, II. 702;
XVII. 581, 598—serous, 599 ; II. 754
—fibrous, XVII. 602—mucous, 607;
II. 751—synovis 1, 756—cerebral, 811
—mucus of serous, VI. 497.
Memecyleae, in botany, V. 109.
Memel, Prussian city, XIV. 555 ; IV.
330—trade of, XVIII. 694.
Memmingen, Bavarian city, XIV. 556.
Memnon, XIV. 556; XI. 323.
 (statue of), VIII. 511, 536—sup¬
posed method of production of the
sounds from, XX. 613.
Memnonium at Thebes, VIII. 538.
Memoirs, XIV. 556.
Memory, XIV. 556, 613, 629—its im¬
provement in the blind, IV. 698-9 —
Condillac on, VII. 204 — artificial,
XV. 308.
Memphis, in Egypt, XIV. 556 —archi¬
tecture of, III. 411—pyramids of, ib.
—ruins of, VIII. 547.
 , in Tennessee, XXL 183.
Memphremagog, lake, XXI. 603.
Mena (Juan de), poetry of, XVIII. 162.
Menachanite, specific gravity of, XII. 33.
Memechmus, geometer, X. 424.
Menage, his Table-talk, II. 675.
Menai bridge, XXI. 8, 171.
Menam, river, III. 676.
Menancabow, XIV. 556.
Menander, Athenian poet, XIV. 557—
dramas of, VIII. 151.
Menandrians, sect, XIV. 557.
Menasseh (Ben Israel), XIV. 557.
Mendana (Alonzo de), his discovery of
Solomon’s Islands, IV. 213.
Mende, in France, XIV. 557.
Mendeli, in Irak Arabia? XIV. 557.
Mendelsohn (Moses), XIV. 558.
Mendes, Egyptian deity, XVI. 780.
Mendez (Alphonso), II. 53.
 Pinto (Ferdinand), XIV. 558.
Mendicants, or Begging Friars, reli¬
gious orders, XIV. 558.
Mendicity, XVIII. 367 — restraint of,
368—licensed, 370 — in Spain, XX.
522—association in Dublin for sup¬
pressing, VIII. 245. See Alms-giv¬
ing, Charity.
Mendip Hills, XX. 475, 476.
Mendizabel, XX. 512.
Mendoza (General), XVI. 115.
 (Don Diegode), poetry of, XVIII.
162—his Lazaro, XIX. 351.
  (Francis), Portuguese Jesuit,
on aeronautics, II. 178.
 (Louis de), II. 53.
 , in La Plata, XVIII. 7.
Mendrisio, Swiss tovvn, XIV. 559.
Mendyghaut, Hindu town, XIV. 559.
Mene, Chaldaic word, XIV. 559.
 , fish, XII. 189.
Menecrates, physician, XIV. 559.
Menedemus, philosopher, XIV. 559.
Menehould (St), in France, XIV. 559.
Menelaus son of Atreus, XIV. 559.
MEN—MEL
Menelaus, astronomer, X. 426—on geo¬
metry, XIV. 315.
Menes, founder of the Egyptian empire,
XIV. 559 ; VIII. 461.
Meneses (Don Jorge de), Papua dis¬
covered by, IV. 210.
Menetor, Greek antiquary, XII. 291.
Mengin (Felix), his account of the Wa¬
habis, HI. 346, n.
Mengs (Raphael), painter, XVI. 716.
Menials, XIV. 559.
Menidaa, fishes, XII. 178.
Menilite, in mineralogy, XV. 157.
Menin, in Flanders, XIV. 559.
Menippean satire, XIV. 560.
Menippus, philosopher, XIV. 560.
Menispermaceae, in botany, V. 95.
Mennonites, XIV. 560; II. 680.
Menobranchus, reptile, XIX. 161.
Menology, XIV. 561.
Menopoma, reptile, XIX. 161.
Menou (Abdallah), V. 504.
 (General), VIII. 489, et seq. ; X.
96.
Mensa, XIV. 561.
Mensals, XIV. 561.
Mensores, XIV. 561.
Menstrual, in physiology, XIV. 578.
Menstruation, XVII. 690.
Menstruum, in chemistry, XIV. 578.
Mensuration, XIV. 561; XVIII. 776.
See Measurement.
Mental Diseases, XIV. 578. See
Dsemoniac, Insanity, Brain.
Mental Philosophy, Bacon’s reflections
on, I. 32—its advancement accele¬
rated by the improvement of lan¬
guage, 39—Aristotle’s, III. 506—its
importance in reference to education,
VIII. 433, et seg.—cause of its imper¬
fection, XVII. 445—progress of, 561
—physiological explanation of ideas
and their association, 674—psycholo¬
gical relations of the sensorium, 680.
See Ethical Philosophy, Metaphysics,
Mind, Moral Philosophy, Phrenology,
Brain, Ideas, Memory, &c.
Mentel, the thoracic duct observed by,
II. 698.
Mentelin, early printer, XVIII. 548.
Mentha, genus of plants, XIV. 578.
Mentor, XIV. 589.
Mentz, XIV. 589—was printing in¬
vented at ? IV. 622—early printing
at, 624 ; XVIII. 545.
Mentzel (Christian), XIV. 589.
Menu, XIX. 653.
Menugat, Turkish town, XIV. 589.
Menura, bird, XVI. 574.
Menuthis, Egyptian deity, VIII. 554.
Menzies (Michael), his invention of the
thrashing machine, II. 262.
  on the botany of New Zealand,
V. 78.
Menzikoff (Alex.), XIV. 589 ; VI. 242.
Meotis, or Palus Mseotis, XIV. 589 ;
XIII. 677.
Mephitic, XIV. 589.
Mephitis, in zoology, XIV. 109.
Mephitis Fanum, XIV. 589.
Meouinez, town in Morocco, XIV. 589 ;
XV. 508.
Mer, Hindu town, XIV. 590.
Merat, Hindu town, XIV. 590.
Merbat, Arabian town, XIV. 590.
Mercantile Law, XIV. 590.
  System of political economy,
VII. 163; IX. 445; XVIII. 262.
Mercator (Gerard), XIV. 591.
  (Marius), IV. 334.
 (Nicholas), XIV. 691.
Mercator’s Chart, X. 420 ; XV. 747,
774 ; XVIII. 657; X. PI. 263.
 Sailing, XIV. 591; XV. 767.
Mercatorum Testum, XIV. 591.
Mercers’ Hall, London, XIII. 536.
Merchants, XIV. 591—their character,
VII. 169—unaccustomed to general
views, ib.—open to erroneous impres¬
sions, ib.—their opinion of the usury
laws, 175—health of, XIV. 510,
Merchant Maiden Hospital in Edin¬
burgh, VIII. 425.
102
INDEX
MER
Merchant Tailors’ Hall, in London,
XIII. 535.
Mebchet, fine, XIY. 591.
Mercia, XIY. 591; VIII. 703.
Mercura, Hindu town, XIV. 592.
Mercurial gauge of steam-engines, XX.
644.
 Letter-balance, XXI. 839.
  Pendulum, XVII. 213.
Mergor?, heathen god, XIV. 592—ca-
duceus of, V. 770. See Hermes.
 , planet, XIV. 592; IV. 27—
phenomena of, 13—variations of its
orbit, 58.
 , a metal, VI. 417—discovery of
congelation of, I. 643—mode of com¬
bining it with other metals, II. 585—
employed in the barometer, IV. 386,
et seq. ; and thermometer, 393; XIV.
724; XXI. 237—method of comput¬
ing its depression in barometers, VI.
119—Hutchins’s experiments on de¬
gree of cold at which it freezes, 262—
salts of oxides of, 451—table of its
depression in glass tubes, VII. 29—
congelation of, 65; XIV. 724—specific
gravity of, XII. 33—its phenomena
in capillary tubes, 44 — its use in
destroying insects, 293—its poisonous
quality, XIV. 501—corneous, in mi¬
neralogy, XV. 144 — native, 165 —
mines of, 256; IX. 409—Haskins’s
quicksilver pump, XVIII. 718.
 , in heraldry, XIV. 592.
 Bay, XIV. 592.
 Trismegistus. See Hermes.
MErcy-Seat, XIV. 592.
Merdin, Turkish city, XIV. 592.
Mere, in Wilts, XIV. 592.
Meredith (Sir William), V. 395.
Meretrix, Roman courtesan, XIV. 593.
Merganser, bird, XVI. 639.
Merger, law of, XIII. 195,
Mergui, IV. 247.
Mergus, bird, XVI. 639.
Meria, insect, IX. 229.
Mdrian (M. de), on Homer, XI. 544.
Mericarpium, in botany, V. 49.
Merida, Spanish city, XIV. 593.
 , in Colombia, XIV. 593.
 , in Mexico, XIV. 817.
Meriden, in Warwickshire, XIV. 593.
Meridian, XIV. 593; III. 754; X. 404
—of globes, 410.
  Circle, IV. 104.
Meridiani, gladiators, XIV. 593.
Meridional arc, determination of, XXI.
357, 361, n. 2, See Figure of the
Earth.
 Distance, XIV. 593—Parts,ib.
Merino-sheep in England, II. 263 ; VIII.
766—description of, III. 330 — Dr
Parry’s experiments in crossing Bri¬
tish breeds with, 335—wool of, XXI.
920—spinning of merino-yarn in Glas¬
gow, X. 557.
Meriones, in zoology, XIV. 134.
Merionethshire, XIV. 593.
Merit and demerit, XIV. 692—Popish
doctrine of merits, XVIII. 405.
Merlin (Ambrose), poet, XIV. 594.
 , bird, XVI. 565.
Merluceius, fish, XII. 218.
Mermaid, XIV. 594, 169.
Merman, XIV. 169.
Mernitch, Hindu town, XIV. 594,
Merodach, XIV. 594.
Merodon, insect, IX. 275.
Meroe, island, XIV. 594 ; IX. 379, 381.
Meromyza, insect, IX. 291.
Merope, XIV. 595.
Morops, bird, XVI. 592.
Merovaeus, X. 2.
Merovingian dynasty, X. 2.
Merrick (James), on the Greek poet
Tryphiodorus, XXI. 400.
Merrus, fish, XII. 169.
Merrythought, bone of birds, III. 13.
Merse, XIV. 595; IV. 597-8.
Merseburg, in Prussia, XIV. 595.
Mersenne (Marin), XIV. 595—his op¬
position to Pascal, IV. 387—on me¬
chanics, XIV. 301.
MER—MET
Mersey, river, XIV. 595 ; VIII. 760,
763 — Irwell navigation, XVI. 16—
Trent canal, 20.
 , island in Essex, XIV. 596.
Mertae, VI. 2.
Merthyr Tydvil, XIV. 596 ; X. 532.
Merton, town in Surrey, XIV. 596.
Merud, Hindu town, XIV. 596.
Meru-Shah Tehain, XIV. 596.
Mervile, French city, XIV. 596.
Meryx, insect, IX. 176.
Meschtschowsk, XIV. 596.
Mesembrina, insect, IX. 283.
Mesen, in Russia, XIV. 596.
Mesenteric glands, XVII. 653.
Mesfagna, in Naples, XIV. 596.
Meshed Ali, XIV. 596.
Mesier Channel, XVII. 115.
Mesmerism, XIV. 6; XX. 477; IV. 290.
Mesn, or Mesne, in law, XIV. 596.
Mesocarp, in botany, V. 47.
Mesochovi, XIV. 596.
Mesolite, pyro-electricity of, VIII. 097.
Mesoporphyron, XIV. 596.
Mesopotamia, XIV. 596; IV. 280.
Mesoprion, fish, XII. 169.
Mesopterycius, fishes, XIV. 597.
Mesosperm, in botany, V. 50.
Mesotype, XV. 151 — sp. gr. of, XII.
38—pyro-electricity of, VIII. 597.
Mesphres, XI. 322.
Mespilus, genus of plants, XIV. 597.
Mess, XIV. 597.
Messalina (Valeria), wife of Claudius
Caesar, XIV. 597 ; XIX. 402.
Messalonghi, siege of, in 1826, X. 750.
Messana, town in Sicily, XIV. 597.
Messance (Monsieur), on the population
of France, XV. 515.
Messena, Greek town, XIV. 597.
Messengers-at-Arms, XI. 242.
Messenia, in Greece, XIV. 597.
Messiah, XIV. 597 ; VI. 620.
Messier (Charles), XIV. 597—on the
solar spots, III. 782.
Messina, in Sicily, XIV. 597—Fata Mor¬
gana in the Strait of, IX. 494—mas¬
sacre of the French in, XV. 695—
Strait of, 697.
Messuage, in law, XIV. 598.
Mestre, Italian town, XIV. 598.
Meta, in Roman circus, XIV. 598.
 , South American river, VII. 90 ;
XVI. 537 ; XXI. 592.
Metacarpal bones, in man, II. 788—in
mammalia, HI. 8—in birds, 13.
Metacentre, XX. 240.
Metagitnion, XIV. 598.
Metals, XIV. 598—in chemistry, VI.
379, et seq.—in mineralogy, XV, 164
—alloy of, II. 529—annealing of, III.
196—distinction between cast and
malleable, 197—recent decrease in the
supply of precious, VII. 162—notion
that these constitute wealth, 163—in¬
fluence of heat on the electric fluid in,
VIII. 599—fusion and oxidation of,
by electricity, 627—revival of oxides
of, 628—magnetic, XIII. 699—elas¬
ticity and cohesion of, XIV. 402 
modulus of torsion in, 403—friction
of metals on metals, 409 ; and on
woods, 410—native, XV. 164—veins
of, XVII. 507—strength of, XX. 756
—their tenacity increased by mixtures,
757—power of different, as conductors
of voltaic electricity, XXL 675—fused
ity galvanism, 677 —coloured rings
formed on, by voltaic currents, 680 —
art of multiplying works of art in
metal by voltaic electricity, 682—con-
duetibility of, for thermo-electricity,
697. See Gold, Iron, &c.
Metallic colours, XV. 127.
Metallurgy, XIV. 598.
Metamorphosis, XIV. 598—of insects,
IX. 86.
Metaphor, XIV. 598; IV. 494.
Metaphrast, XIV. 598.
Metaphysical,misapplication of the term,
I. 228 — influence of metaphysical
studies, ib.
Metaphysicians,in all ages have discussed
MET—MEX
the nature and essence of the soul, I.
57—of the 18th century, 114.
Metaphysics, XIV. 599—little advance
made in, before the 17th century, I.
20—progress of, in the 18th century,
227—change in the meaning of the
word since the publication of Locke’s
Essay, ib. — benefits resulting from
the study of, 228—the term affords a
specimen of all the faults which the
name of a science can combine, 294—
Aristotle on, III. 499—speculative in-
cjuiries of the Athenians, IV. 163—
much cultivated in India, V. 180. See
Mental Philosophy.
Metatarsal bones, II. 791.
Metatarsus in birds, HI. 13.
Metastasio (P. B.), Italian poet, XIV.
702-—his tragic operas, VIII. 157.
Metastasis, in medicine, XIV. 704.
Metellus, XIV. 704 ; XVI. 306 ; XIX.
391.
Metempsychosis, XIV. 704—a doctrine
of the Hindus, XI. 401.
Metemptosis, XIV. 705.
Meteor, XIV. 705.
Meteorolites, XIV. 705 ; XVII. 336
—one in Mexico, VIII. 288—M. Fusi-
nieri on the origin of, 621.
Meteorology, XIV. 717—proposed use
of balloons in, II. 195—influence of
mountains on climate, 610—rain most
abundant in elevated land, ib.—Leslie’s
atmometer, IV. 131—showers of mud
in Buenos Ayres, V. 642—electricity
of the atmosphere, VIII. 614—fire¬
balls and falling stars, IX. 587—great
hail-storm in France, X. 48—Har-
mattan wind, XI. 148—sea and land
breezes in Sumatra, XX. 802. See
Atmosphere, Barometer, Barometri¬
cal Measurements, Climate, Cold,
Cloud, Dew, Evaporation, Eog, Hail,
Hygrometry, Monsoon, Rain, Rain¬
bow. Snow, Spring, Wind, &c.
Meteoromancy, XIV. 751.
Meter (gas), X. 356.
Metessib, XIV. 751.
Metheglin, mead, XIV. 751.
Method, in logic, XIV. 751 ; XIII.
457.
Methodists, XIV. 751—their missions,
XIX. Ill—their origin, XXI. 859.
See Wesley, Whitefield.
Methuselah, XIV. 754.
Methven treaty of Great Britain with
Portugal, VII. 164.
Metius (Adrian), X. 429—on the mea¬
sure of the earth, XIV. 317—on the
quadrature of the circle, XX. 553.
 (James), alleged inventor of the
telescope, XVI. 354, 355.
Metceci, XIV. 754.
Metonic cycle, in chronology, III. 728 ;
VI. 7, 653; VII. 573.
Metonymy, in rhetoric, XIV. 754.
Metope, XIV. 755 ; III. 468.
Metopius, insect, IX. 224.
Metoposcopy, XIV. 755.
Metre, in poetry, XIV. 755.
Metretes, Greek measure, XIV. 755.
Metrical Verses, XIV. 755.
Metrocomia, XIV. 755.
Metrodorus, Greek painter, XVI. 704.
Metronomii, XIV. 755.
Metropolis, XIV. 755.
Metz, in France, XIV. 755—aqueduct
of, III. 319.
Me ursius (John), XIV. 755.
Meurthe, in France, XIV. 756.
Meusnier (Monsieur), his method of ad¬
justing balloons, II. 184.
Meusels, notice of his Bibliotheca Histo-
rica, IV. 630.
Mevelavites, VII. 738.
Mew, XVI. 632.
Mewing, XIV. 756.
Mexicans, their character and appear¬
ance, II. 623—affinity with Asiatics,
634—tradition of the Deluge, VII.
699—picture-writing, XI. 296 —li¬
braries, XIII. 245—mythology, XV.
683-origin, XVII. 555.
MEX—MIC
Mexico, XIV. 757 ; II. 645—climate
of, 610, 613—mountains of, 614-
geology of, 614—civilization of, 622—
revolution in, 639—ancient architec¬
ture of, III. 412—army of, 616—
botany of, V. 77—castes in, VI. 223
—conquest of, by Cortes, VII. 378—
dancing in, 613—French trade with,
X. 190—mines of, XV. 260, 280—
table-land, XVII. 503 — heights of
mountains, 505 —volcanoes, 514—■
lakes, 522—animals, 553—peopling
of, 555—weights and measures of,
XXL 854—map of, XIV. PI. 356.
See Mexicans.
 (Gulfof), XVII. 521—its dan¬
gerous navigation, XIV. 798.
 (New), XIV. 820.
Meyahoon, Burmese town, XV. 1.
Meyer on law, XIII. 178.
 (Prof ),his theory of apparitions,
III. 301—his opposition to Dr Joseph
Black’s view of the nature of quick¬
lime, IV. 656.
Meynell’s system of hunting, XI. 742.
Meyringen, Swiss town, XV. 1.
Mezen, river, XIX. 565.
Mezerai (F. E. de), historian, XV. 1.
Mezieres, in France, XV. 1.
Meziriac (C. G. B. Sieur de), XV. 2.
Mezomorto, dey of Algiers, II. 508.
Mezuzoth, Jewish custom, XV. 2.
Mezzanine, in architecture, III. 468.
Mezzotinto Engraving, XV. 2—on
steel, IX. 55 — invention of this art,
XIX. 522.
Mglin, in Russia, XV. 4.
Miami, river, XVI. 326.
Miana, Persian village, XV. 4.
Miargirite, VI. 459.
Miasse, Russian river, XV. 4.
Miasma, XV 4.
Miava, Hungarian town, XV. 4.
Mica, XV. 4, 146—depolarising power
of, XL 187—specific gravity of, XII.
33—magnetism of, XIII. 709.
Mica-slate, in geology, XV. 189—metals
found in, 277.
Micah, prophet, XV. 4.
Michael (St), island, IV. 262.
 (St), in Missouri, XV. 304.
 (Mount), French prison, XV. 4.
Michael’s Mount (St), XV. 4.
Michaelis (John David), XV. 4.
Michaelmas, festival, XV. 4 — Oxford
term, XXI. 498.
Michaud’s History of the Crusades, VII.
488; XI. 499.
Michel (St), order of, X. 216.
 Angelo Buonarotti, XV. 4 
his architectural works, III. 426—his
style of painting, 646, 647 ; XVI. 711
his genius, VIII. 181—►compared
with Raftaelle, XVI. 714—his sculp¬
ture, XX. 8.
Micheldean,in-Gloucestershire, XV. 6.
Michell (Rev. John), his apparatus for
experimenting on the density of the
earth, VI. 263-4—on magnetism, XIII.
688—ins artificial magnets, 756.
Michelotti (Professor), on hydrodyna¬
mics, XII. 4, 68; XIX. 258; XXL 790.
Michigan, North American state, XV.
6—state-bonds of, XXI. 479.
 , lake, XVII. 522 ; XXL 455.
Michilimackinac, XV. 8.
Micipsa, XVI. 304.
Miekiewicz, Polish poet, XVIII. 214.
Mickle (William Julius), XV. 9
Micone, island, XV. 10.
Microbasis, in botany, V. 49.
Microcephala, insects, IX. 138.
Microcosm, XV. 10.
Mierodactylus, bird, XVI. 617.
Microdon, insect, IX. 272.
Microgaster, insect, IX. 222.
Microglossus, bird, XVI. 603.
Micrography, XV. 10.
Micrometer, XV. 10—discovery of, by
Huygens, I. 496—Cavallo’s, VI. 254.
Micrommata, arachnides, III. 361.
Micropeplus, insect, IX. 138.
Micropeza, insect, IX. 287.
INDEX
103
MIC—MIL
Micropyle, in botany, V. 50.
Microscope, XV. 27—wonders disclosed
by, III. 184—its great utility in science,
185; in anatomy, XVII. 728—micro¬
meters for, XV. 25 — invention of,
XVI. 351, 356; I. 510—magnifying
power of, XVI. 395—glasses for, XXI.
169—application of microscopic ob¬
servations to physiology, XVII. 596.
Microscopic animals, III. 180—shells,
XV. 330.
Microstoma, fish, XII. 200.
Midas, XV. 58.
Middelburg, in Holland, XV. 58 —
settlement of the Brownis^at, V. 604
—captured by the Prince of Orange,
XI. 516.
Middle Ages, intellectual darkness of,
I. 14—armies of, III. 595—drama of,
VIII. 153. See Chivalry, Crusades,
Feudal System, Masonry (Free).
  Comedy, VIII. 150.
 Island, XV. 58.
 Temple, XII. 282.
Middleborg, island, XV. 58; IX. 302.
Middleburgh, island, XV. 58.
Middleham, in Yorkshire, XV. 58.
Middlesex, XV. 58—hay-making in,
II. 309—fisheries of, IX. 603.
 Hospital, London, XIII. 515.
 , American counties, XV. 61.
Middleton (Dr Conyers), XV. 61—ac¬
cused of plagiarism towards Bellen-
den, IV. 553—his quarrel with Bent¬
ley, 577—on the classification of books,
631, 632—on the miracles of the early
Christians, VI. 627—controversy ex¬
cited by his Inquiry into the Miracu¬
lous Powers of the Christian Church,
XXI. 772.
 (Captain), voyage of, XVIII. 219.
 (Sir Hugh), VIII. 680.
— , in Lancashire, XV. 58.
• — (Sir Charles) Island, XV. 61.
  Ciieynev, XV. 61.
Middlewich, in Cheshire, XV. 61.
Mid-Heaven, XV. 58.
Midhurst, in Sussex, XV. 62.
Midi an, Arabian town, XV. 62.
Midlothian. See Edinburghshire.
Midnapoor, in Bengal, XV. 62.
Midship-Frame, XV. 62.
Midshipman, XV. 62 ; XVI. 53.
Midwifery, XV. 62; XIV. 527.
Mieza, in Macedonia, XV. 62.
Migdol, in Egypt, XV. 63.
Mignan (Captain), on the ruins of Ba¬
bylon, IV. 269.
Migration, XV. 63—of animals, XII.
305—of birds, XVII. 550. See Emi¬
gration.
Miguel (Dorn), XVIII. 473.
 (San), Mexican town, XIV. 818.
 (St), island, XV. 63.
Mihel, French town, XV. 63.
Mikhailow, XV. 63; XIX. 539.
Milan, XV. 63^—Academy of Sciences
at, II. 69—Academy of' Painting, 74
— cathedral, III. 422—government,
IV. 228—discovery of parts of the
Theodosian Code at, VI. 715—Napo¬
leon’s decree at, X. 149—coins of,
XV. 407, 410—early printing at,
XVIII. 549.
Milazzo, XV. 65, 701.
Milbank Penitentiary, London, XIII.
529; XVII. 629.
Milbourn-Port, in Somerset, XV. 65.
Mildenhall, in Suffolk, XV. 65.
Mildew, XV. 65 ; II. 281.
Mile, XV. 65.
Milesia, insect, IX. 273.
Mileto, city of Naples, XV. 65.
Miletus, XV. 66—architectural re¬
mains at, III. 416.
Milford, town in Delaware, XV. 66.
Milford Haven, XV. 66; VIII. 763;
XVII. 183—dockyard in, VIII. 86.
Milhau, in France, XV. 66.
Miliehia, insect, IX. 291.
Milillo, Sicilian city, XV. 66.
Miliola, in conchology, XV. 345.
Military, XV. 66.
MIL—MIN
Military Academy at Woolwich, II. 78.
 College (Royal), II. 79.
  Discipline, XV. 66.
 Execution, XV. 66.
 or Martial Law, XV. 67.
 State, XV. 66.
  Tenures. See Feuda. System,
Chivalry, Knight.
Militello, Sicilian city, XV. 67.
Militia, XV. 67—British, V. 438-9—
of the United States, XXI. 480.
Militia-act, V. 526.
Milk, XV. 71;.XI. 574-5; XVII. 693
—effect of regular milking on quantity
of, II. 653—organs of secretion of,
827—chemical composition and pro¬
perties of, VI. 498 ; XVII. 650—cow’s,
VI. 498 —human, 499—ass’s, ib.—
goat’s, ib.—ewe’s, ib.—mare’s, ib.—
sugar of, VIII. 44—specific gravity of,
XII. 33. See Dairy.
 of vegetables, XV. 76.
Milk-teeth, II. 781.
Milky Way, IV. 48.
Mill (James), XV. 77—in treating of
benevolence, has overlooked the de¬
light from virtuous conduct, I. 380—
his theory of government, 385—on
Education, ib.—on Sanscrit poetry, V.
179—on British India, XI. 427—his
defence of commerce, XVIII. 279—on
taxation, XXI. Ill, et seq.
 (John), XV. 80.
 (Walter), XIX. 733.
Mills, XV. 76—slow improvement of,
III. 643-water, XII. 82; XIV. 349;
XXI. 799—hand, XIV. 350—wind,
350, 352, 432—thrashing, 418, 431-
tread, 430, 513—Roman, 350—strain
produced by twisting, XX. 777. See
Millstones, Steam-engine.
Millar (James), M.D., XV. 80.
 (Prof.), on castes, VI. 221—on
Adam Smith’s lectures, XX. 415.
  (Lady), on Corregio’s pictures,
II. 521.
Mille Passus, or Millia Pa^suum, Ro¬
man measure, XV. 81.
Milledgeville, X. 470.
Millenarians, XV. 81.
Millennium, XV. 81.
Milleporidae, zoophytes, XXI. 1022.
Miller (Patrick), of Dalswinton, his
steam-boat, X. 549; XX. 687, 689.
Millers, diseases of, XIV. 510.
Miller’s thumb, fish, XII. 173.
Millesimo, defiles of, X. 100.
Milliare. See Mille Passus.
Milliarensis, coin, XIV. 475.
Milliarium Aureum, XV. 84.
Milliner, XV. 81—diseases of milli¬
ners, XIV. 510.
MIllot (C. F. X.), historian, XV. 84.
Millstones, XV. 81—rock of the Abbey
Craig, near Stirling, well fitted for,
VI. 721.
Millwrights’ Tables, XII. 90.
Milman on Homer, XI. 544, 546.
Milne (Mr), on Annuities and Assur¬
ances, III. 200; XV. 524, 547.
Milo (T. Annius), XV. 84.
 , island, XV. 85.
Miltiades, XV. 85 ; IV. 150.
Miltogramma, insect, IX. 282.
Milton, town in Kent, XV. 85.
 (John), XV. 86—Bentley’s edi¬
tion of the Paradise Lost, IV. 577—
on the censorship of the press, IV.
628—his garden of Eden, X. 321—
Lauder’s charge of plagiarism against,
XIII. 120—poetry of, XVIII. 144,170
—his opinion of Shakspeare, XX. 172
-—Waller on the Paradise Lost, XXL
726—Warton’s edition of his minor
poems, 781.
Milverton, in Somerset, XV. 108.
Milvus,bird, XVI. 563.
Mimesis, in rhetoric, XV. 108.
Mimi, XV. 108.
Mimnermus, poet, XV. 108.
Mina, coin, XV. 108 ; XIV. 468.
  (Don Xavier), XIV. 788; XX.
508, 509, 512.
MIN
Mina, Arabian town, XV. 108.
Mina-bird, XVI. 573.
Minagnghinim, XV. 108.
Minas Geraes, in Brazil, XV. 103—po¬
pulation of, V. 202.
Minasi on Fata Morgana, IX. 494.
Mincha, XV. III.
Minchinhampton, XV. 111.
Mind, XIV. 670; XV. 457—phenome¬
na of, entirely different from those of
matter, I. 10—relation between them,
124-5 ; XIV. 579 ; XVII. 658, 674—
mistaken application of the word sub¬
stance to, I. 242-3—Aristotle on the,
III. 506—improved by bodily train¬
ing, VIII. 25—effect of physical cir¬
cumstances on the, 440—its influence
on the body, XIV. 514, 516—its con¬
nexion with the brain, 582 ; XVII.
454, 673 — its immateriality, XIV.
671; XVII. 559 ; XXL 213—know¬
ledge of it how attained, XVII. 558—
distinguished from matter, 559—ele¬
mental, 560—of brutes, V. 616 ; XL
697. See Ethical Philosophy, Me¬
taphysics, Mental Diseases, Mental
Philosophy, Moral Philosophy, Phre¬
nology, Brain.
Mindanao. See Magindanao.
Minden, XV. Ill—battle of, V. 419.
Mindoro Isle, XV. 111.
Mineral waters, XVII. 527—in Cuba,
VII. 525—Derbyshire, 736—Devon¬
shire, 745—Down, VIII. 182—near
Dublin, 235—Leamington, XXI. 782
—Malvern, 940—Moffat, VIII. 262—
Nassau, XXI. 93—Spa, XX. 489—
Switzerland, XXI. 47—Teflis, 134—
Tunbridge, 402—Wiirtemberg, 946.
See Baths, and the geographical arti¬
cles generally.
Mineralogy, XV. 112—use of the blow¬
pipe in, IV. 713, 714. 716—crystalliza¬
tion, VII. 505—Dolomieu’s classifica¬
tion of minerals, VIII. 98—Egyptian
granite, syenite, &c., 517—table of
hardness of minerals, XI. 145—Haily
on, 1 69. See Geok/gy.
Minerals do not grow, III. 156—active
molecules found in, 192 — Bayen’s
mode of analyzing, IV. 465—pyro¬
electricity of, VIII. 571, 595—elec¬
tricity of, 579—electricity produced
by pressure on, 600; and by cleav¬
age, 601—phosphorescent effects of
electricity on, 633-6—origin of veins
in, XV. 239.
Miners, diseases of, XIV. 510.
Minerva, XV. 241.
Minervalia, festivals, XV. 241.
Minervino, XV. 241.
Mines, XV. 241—of America, II. 646—
the Andes, III. 117—Austria, V. 7—
Ava, IV. 241—Bolivia, 748, 754-
Brazil, V. 192-3-4, 199, 207—Caer¬
narvonshire, 773—Cardiganshire, VI.
137—Carintkia, 142—Chili, 528—
Cornwall, VII. 367—Cuba, 525—
Cumberland, 537—Derbyshire, 735—
Devonshire, 745—St Domingo, VIII.
103—England, 767—France, X. 173
—ancient Greece, VII. 159—Hun¬
gary, IV. 230; V. 7—Iceland, XII.
148—Illinois, 248—Illyrium, 252—
Ireland, 394—Italy, 489—Jamaica,
498—Japan, 512—Nubia, VII. 159
—ancient Rome, ib. — Russia, XIX.
567, 587^—Siberia, XX. 327—ancient
Spain, 492 ; XII. 494—modern Spain,
XX. 518—Sweden, XXI. 31—Tibet,
256—Transylvania, 346—the United
States, 454—ancient mines, VII. 159
—temperature of, VI. 750; XV. 176—
colonization with the object of profit
from, VII. 122—damps in, 611—cir¬
culation of air in, XVIII. 126—ex¬
traction of noxious air from, 129—
application of Hero’s fountain to the
draining of, 135—ebullition in, XX.
574. See the geographical articles
generally ; also Collieries, Mining,
Gold-mines, Iron-mines, &c.
Mingarelli on Coptic, XI 315
MIN—MIS
Mingehew-tea, XXL 131.
Mingrelia, XV. 268—coast of, IV. 661,
Minho, river, XV. 268; XX. 516.
Miniature, XV. 268—Painting, ib.
Minim, in music, XV. 275.
Minims, religious order, XV. 275.
Minimum, in geometry, XV. 275.
Mining, XV. 275—blasting, IV. 675 ;
V. 6—powder for, XI. 78—expedi¬
tious methods for obtaining the re¬
sults of cases of complicated direc¬
tions, VIII. 363. See Mines,
Minion-type, XXI. 436.
Mink, in zoology, XIV. 109.
Minnesingers, poetry of the, XVIII. 166
Minnin, XV. 281.
Minnow, XII. 199—angling for. III. 147.
Minor, XV. 281.
Minorca, XV. 281—conquered by the
French in 1756, V. 383—captured by
the British in 1798, V. 486—weights
and measures of, XXI. 854.
Minors, or Friars Minor, XV. 282.
Minos, XV. 282 ; VII. 463—his laws,
ib.—Minos the warrior, 464.
Minotaur, XV. 282.
Minsk, in Russia, XV. 282.
Minster, XV. 282.
Minster-in-Sheppy, XV. 282.
Minstrel, XV. 282; XIX. 322, et seq.
Mint of Great Britain, XV. 284 ; VII.
32 , XIII. 503—assaying at the, III.
710—new constitution of the, VII. 38
—routine of its business, 44.
 of Bogota, IV. 734.
Mintcenje, XV. 284.
Minucius, his campaign against Hanni¬
bal, VI. 198.
Minuet, dance, XV. 284.
Minute, XV. 284—of a circle, ib.; XXL
370.
Minyas, XV. 284.
Miorchinus, insect, IX. 174.
Miprision, XVIII. 738.'
Miquelettes, XV. i.84.
Mirabeau (V. R., Marquis de), XV.284
‘ —his connexion with Cabanis, V. 763
with Dumont, VIII. 265, 266.
 (H. G. R., Comte de), XV. 285;
X. 41, et seq.—1 is death and charac¬
ter, 59.
Mirabello, in Candia, XV. 293.
Miracles, XV. 293; XI. 488—marvel¬
lous victory of the Thundering Le¬
gion of Antoninus, III. 271—healing
at the Pool of Bethesda, IV. 603—
evidence of Christianity from, VI. 621
-—possible events, 623—of the early
Christians, 627 ; II. 602; XXL 772—
pretended miraculous cures, XIV. 9—
conversion of St Paul, XVII. 151, n.
12. See Quakers, XVIII. 768.
Mirage, IV. 608 ; XIV. 750 ; XV. 698.
Miramichi, river, XVI. 148.
Miranda (General), VII. 95, et scq.
Mirande, in France, XV. 296.
Mirandola, XV. 297 — John Pica,
Prince of, XVII. 735.
Mirbel (Mens.), on vegetable anatomy,
III. 45, et seq.—on the ovulum .and
nucleus of plants, V. 46, note 2 ; 47 ;
51, note.
Mirecourt, in France, XV. 297.
Mirepoix, French city, XV. 297.
Mirgorod, in Russia, XV. 297.
Miriam, XIV. 267.
Mirim, lake, XIX. 245.
Mirrors, XV. 297 ; XIII. 566 ; XVI.
378, et seq.—divination by, VI. 249
—colours of, 639—spherical aberra¬
tion of, XVI. 399—colours of concave,
446—cylindrical, 513—burning-mir¬
rors, V. 725—lighthouse-mirrors, XX.
18—mirror-metal, VI. 416, 423.
Mirzapore, Hindu town, XV 297.
Misadventure, XV. 297.
Misanthropy, XV. 297.
Mischna, XV. 297.
Miscopus, insect, IX. 229.
Miscou, island, XVI. 148.
Misdemeanour, XV. 298 ; XVIII.
Mise, in ’aw, XV. 298.
Misf.lar, island, XV. 298.
O
104
INDEX,
MIS—HOC
Hisenum, XY. 298, 698.
Miser, XV. 298.
Misericordia, in law, XV. 298.
Misery lessened by custom, VII. 560.
Misfeasance, XV. 298.
Misitra, Greek city, XV. 298.
Misletoe, III. 56—revered and valued
by the Druids, VIII. 208.
Misnomer, in law, XV. 298. •
Misprisions, in law, XV. 298.
Missal, XV. 298.
Misselemieh, XX. 95.
Missel-thrush, XVI. 572.
Missenden, in Bucks, XV. 298.
Missio, XV. 298.
Mission, XV. 298. See Religious Mis¬
sions.
Mississippi, river, XV. 300; III. 675 ;
XVII. 524 ; XXI. 182, 455—its na¬
vigation, II. 614 ; XVI. 27—its inun¬
dations, XVII. 525 —no tide in, XXI.
282—source of, 905.
  Scheme, XIII. 148.
•  State, XV. 298—railroads in,
XXI. 474—state-bonds of, 479.
 (Valley of the), XV. 300;
XVII. 501; XXI. 451—its climate,
II. 613.
Missodri, American state, XV. 301.
 Territory, XV. 304.
  River, XV. 305 ; XVI. 27 ;
XXI. 455-6—steamboats on the, 469
—plain of the, XVII. 501.
Mist XVII. 535. See Fog.
Misterbianco, in Sicily, XV. 305.
Misterton Carr, trigonometrical base on,
XXI. 357
Mistretta, in Sicily, XV. 305.
Mitcham, village in Surrey, XV. 305.
Mitchell (James), his attempt to assassi¬
nate Archbishop Sharpe, V. 350—his
execution, 351.
  (James), a blind and deaf boy,
VII. 659.
 (Major), his discoveries in New
South Wales, XXI. 714.
 on tactics, IX. 713, n.
Mitchell’s patent ropes, XIX. 466-7.
Mitchelstown, in Ireland, XV. 305—
Caves near, XXI. 313.
Mite, coin, XV. 305.
Mites, insects, IX. 173—generation of,
III. 162—their tenacity of life, 163.
Mitford’s History of Greece, VII. 114.
Mithras, Persian god, XV. 306—feasts
of, ib.—mysteries of, 661.
Mithridates, XV. 306 ; III. 574 ; VI.
126; XVII. 100; XVIII. 348, 349 ;
XIX. 393, 395.
Mitra, Roman cap, XV. 306.
 , in conehology, XV. 346.
Mitre, XV. 306.
Mitre Island, XV. 307.
Mitres, in heraldry, XI. 257.
Mitscherlich (Professor), his optical ex¬
periments, XVI. 485.
Mittaire (Michael), his Typographical
Annals, IV. 624.
Miitau, Russian city, XV. 307.
Mittimus, XV. 307.
Mitweida, German city, XV. 307.
Mitylene, city in Lesbos, XV. 307 
war with Attica, IV. 144.
Mitzraim, VIII. 459. See Mizraim.
Mixture, XV. 307.
Mizen, XV. 307.
Mizraim, XV. 307; VIII.459;XVII. 376.
Mnemonics, XV. 308.
Mnemosyne, XV. 309.
Mnestheus, king of Attica, IV. 143.
Mneuis, Egyptian deity, VIII. 554.
Moa Isle, XV. 309.
Moab, XV. 309.
Moat, XV. 310.
Moatazalites, XV. 310.
Mobile, XV. 310—Primum, ib.—Per-
petuum; see Perpetual Motion.
 .in America, XV. 310 ; II. 371.
Mocha, Arabian sea-port, XV. 310;
III. 341—weights and measures of.
XXI. 854.
 —, Chilese island, XV. 311.
Mock-sun, XIV. 750.
MOC—MOL
Mocking-bird, XVI. 572.
Mookwanpore, XV. 311.
Modain (Ul), XV. 311.
Modania, XV. 311.
Modbury, town in Devon, XV. 311.
Mode, XV. 311—in grammar, X. 660,
662, 691—in music, XV. 610.
Model, XV. 311.
Modeller, V. 692.
Modena, XV. 313—Academy of Arts at,
II. 74—coins of, XV. 410—weights
and measures of, XXI. 854.
Moderator, or president, XV. 314.
Modern, Hungarian city, XV. 314.
Moderni (Carlo), XIX. 431.
Modestus, VII. 276.
Modesty, XV. 314—the blind deficient
in, IV. 699.
Modica, in Sicily, XV. 314.
Modillion, XV. 314 ; III. 468.
Modiola, in conchology, XV. 344.
Modius, Roman measure, XV. 314.
Modulation, XV. 314—in music, ib.;
XV. 634.
Module, XV. 314 ; III. 468.
Moehsen (Dr), on mortality, XV. 516.
Moen, island, XV. 314.
Mceris, Egyptian lake, VIII. 463—Hero¬
dotus’s description of, 550—present
state of, ib.
Moez Ledenillah, his conquest of Egypt,
VIII 478.
Moffat, in Dumfriesshire, XV. 314 —
mineral wells of, VIII. 262.
Moffeta, II. 670.
Mogadore, in Morocco, XV. 314.
Mognano, in Naples, XV. 315.
Mogoo, in Persia, XV. 315.
Mogul Empire, III. 688-690 ; XI. 406,
409—taxation of, 441.
Moguls, XV. 315; XI. 482.
Mohair, XV. 319.
Mohammed. See Mahommed.
 II., Turkish emperor, XXI. 411.
 HI., of Turkey, XXI. 412.
 IV., of Turkey, XXI. 413.
 V., of Turkey, XXI. 413.
 Ali. See Mehemmed.
 Kusruf, VIII. 494.
Mohammed-Ebn-Abd .>1 Wahab.III. 344.
Mohawk, river, XV. 519.
Moheau (Monsieur), on the population
of France, XV. 517.
Mohilew, in Russia, XV. 319.
Mohurbunge, in Hindustan, XV. 320.
Moidore, Portuguese coin, XV. 320.
Moira, Irish town, XV. 320.
 (Earl of), V. 475.
Moissac, in France, XV. 320.
Moivre (Abraham de), XV. 320 ; I.
595—on annuities, III. 198. See De-
moivre.
Mola, Neapolitan city, XV. 320.
   Salsa, XV. 320.
Molanus, V. 25.
Molar teeth, in man, II. 780—in the
lower animals, III. 34.
Molasses, XV. 378.
Mold, Welsh town, XV. 320 ; IX. 622.
Moldavia, XV. 320—weights and mea¬
sures of, XXI. 854.
Mole, XV. 321.
 , an animal, XIV. 104; XXI.
600—destruction of, 601—its sca¬
pula, humerus, and carpus, III. 8 
peculiarities of its muscles, 19 —
drains injured by, VIII. 139—struc¬
ture of, XVII. 704—mole-skins, X. 266.
 , river, XX. 847.
Mole-cricket, IX. 192.
Molecules, active or animated, III. 192.
Molfetta, in Naples, XV. 321.
Moliere (J. B. P.), XV. 321—his co¬
medies, VIII. 166.
Molinesia, fish, XII. 199.
Molineux (Samuel), his observations on
the aberration of light, II. 33.
Molinists, sect, XV. 323.
Molinos, Spanish priest, XVIII. 792.
Molinosists, sect, XV. 323.
Molise, in Naples, XV. 323.
Moliterno, in Naples, XV. 323.
Moll (Prof.), his electro-magnet, XIII.
MOL—MON
761—on the invention of the tele¬
scope, XVI. 354.
Mollusca, XV. 324; II. 706 ; IX. 94;
XVII. 586—their organs of smell,
III. 21—eyes, 23—nervous system,
32—structure, 172—Lamarck’s im¬
proved classification of, 170—charac¬
teristics and classes of, 178, 179 —
some kinds used as food, IX. 727 
physiology of, XVII. 718.
Mollusean polypes, XXI. 1021.
Moloch, pagan god, XV. 378—sacri¬
fices to, XIX. 606.
Molossi of Epirus, XV. 378.
Molossus, in zoology, XIV. 100.
Moltengrease, XXI. 626.
Molton (South), in Devon, XV. 378.
Molucca Isles, XV. 378—-language of,
XIII. 92—serpents, XX. 137.
Moluris, insect, IX. 164.
Molybdena, in mineralogy, XV. 169—
specific gravity of, XII. 33.
Molybdenum, in chemistry, VI. 389 —
salts of oxides of, 454.
Molybdic acid, VI. 389—salts of, 454.
Mombas, African city, II. 232.
Momigny on Haydn’s imitative music,
XV. 641.
Momus, XV. 378.
Mona, XV. 378 ; XIV. 210 ; XIX.
403 attacked by Suetonius Paulinus,
V. 299 ; and by Agricola, ib.—Druids
in, VIII. 203.
 and Monita, islands, XV. 379.
Monaco, XV. 379.
Monads, Leibnitz on, I. 130, 255.
Monadelphia, XV. 379.
Monaghan, Irish county, XV. 379.
Monandria, XV. 381.
Monarchy, XV. 381; X. 624—Aris¬
totle on, III. 527—Fifth Monarchy
Men, XV. 382.
Monas, genus of animalcules, III. 186.
Monasa, birds, XVI. 598.
Monasterevan, XV. 382.
Monastery, XV. 382—St Dunstan’s
exertions in favour of monasteries,
VIII. 285—chronicles written in, VII.
495—many erected by King Edgar,
VIII. 705—suppression of, in Eng¬
land, 747—at Jerusalem, XII. 551—
transcription of MSS. in, XIII. 291.
Monastic, XV. 382.
Monaul, bird, XVI. 606.
Monavar. Spanish town, XV. 382.
Monboddo (Lord), on reason and in¬
stinct, XII. 296, «.; 297, n.; 300, n.
See Burnet (James).
Monclova, Mexican town, XIV. 819.
Monday, origin of the word, XVIII. 337
Mondino’s anatomical researches, II. 692.
Mondovi, in Piedmont, XV. 382.
Monedula, insect, IX. 229.
Monetarius, XV. 382.
Money, XV. 383—ancient, XIV. 467-
ancient Egyptian, VIII. 466 — mo¬
dern Egyptian, 524—Irish, XII. 411
—of Madras, XIII. 673—Maltese,
XIV. 66 —Roman, XII. 292 ; XIV.
463, et seq.; XV. 397; XX. 159’
—Spartan, XX. 530—Aristotle on,
III. 529—a country no richer by
keeping, VII. 123—effect of the in¬
crease of the precious metals on
productive industry, 159—effect of
bank-notes on prices, 160 — notion
that money constitutes wealth, 163 
lending-houses, XIII. 228—errors re¬
specting, XVIII. 262. See Coin, Cur¬
rency, Medals, Paper-money, Avarice.
MoNFALOUT,in Egypt, XV. 413.
Monfia, island, XV. 413.
Monflanquin, French city, XV. 413
Monge (Caspar), XV. 413 ; I. 585—on
the attraction of floating bodies, XII.
46—on drops, 50—on the arch, XIV.
299, n.
Monghir, in Hindustan, XV. 415.
Mongolia, in Asia, XV. 415.
Mongolian variety of man. II. 709;
XIV. 199, 200: XVII. 554, 697, 698
—its branches, II. 710—Mongolian
skull, 784. See Mongols.
MON
Mongols, XX. 327 ; XXL 86 —their
language, XIII. 91. See Mongolian.
Mongrel dogs, XX. 310.
Monimieaa, in botany, V. 129.
Monishwar, Hindu town, XV. 415.
Monitor, reptile, XIX. 138.
Mon.ious, African race, XV. 415.
Monk (George), Duke of Albemarle,
XV. 416—his proceedings in reference
to the restoration of Charles II., V.
340—bis recommendation of Lord
Stair to Cromwell, VII. 596.
Monks, XV. 415; XI. 495—their ser¬
vices to learning, X. 429; VII. 495 ;
XIII. 291—their hymns, XVIII. 157.
Monkeys, XIV. 92—voice of, III. 28—
structure of, XVII. 703—the sugar¬
cane in the West Indies destroyed bv
XX. 793.
Monkiand Canal, X. 551 ; XVI. 16.
Monkwearmouth, town in Durham,
XV. 416—ruins at, VIII. 291.
Monmouth (James, Duke of), XV. 417
V. 248—defeats the Covenanters at
Bothwell Bridge, 351—aspires to the
crown, 354—executed 356.
 , English town, XV. 417.
Monmouthshire, XV. 417—Canal,
XVI. 16—great oak in, XXL 293.
Monnier (M. Le), botanical labours of.
V. 87, 91—on electricity, VIII. 569.
Monocanthus, fish, XII. 229.
Monocentris, fish, XII. 174.
Monoceros, constellation, XV. 419.
Monochirus, fish, XII. 221.
Monochlamydese, in botany, V. 43 125
128, 131.
Monochord, XV. 419.
Monochtonida, mollusca, XV. 371.
Monocotyledons, in vegetable anatomy,
III. 72 —structure and evolution of
monocotyledonous seeds, 76.
Monocotyledones, in botany, V. 51 90
92, 132.
Monoeulus, Crustacea, VII. 503.
Monodonta, in conchology, XV. 347.
Monody, XV. 419.
Monoepigynse, in botany, V. 132.
Monogamy, XV. 419,
Monogram, XV. 419.
Monohypogyiue, in botany, V. 136.
Monomachus, VII. 284.
Monomania, XIV. 585 ; XVII. 459.
Monomotapa, XV. 573 ; II. 233.
Monomyaires, mollusca, XV. 366.
Monoperigynse, in botany, V. 134.
Monophysites, sectaries, XV. 419.
Monopoli, XV. 419 ; XV. 700.
Monopolies, in the reign of Elizabeth,
V. 303 evils of, VII. 166—their in¬
fluence on prices, XVIII. 289 — of
cloves at Amboyna, II. 597—of mer¬
cantile companies, VII. 180—of the
London theatres, VIII. 178—trade
with colonies, yil. 118.
Monopteros, in architecture, III. 468.
Monostoma, zoophyte, XXI. 996.
Monosyllable, XV. 419.
Monothelites, heretics, XV. 419.
Monotoma, insect, IX. 176.
Monotony, XV. 419.
Monotrema, in zoology, XIV. 144 
structure of, XVII. 706.
Monotriglyph, III. 468.
Monotropese, in botany, V. 118.
Monreal, in Naples, XV. 419,
Monro (Dr Alex.), primus, XV. 419;
XX. 830 —notice of his System of
Anatomy, II. 704.
  (Dr Alexander), secundus, on
the lymphatics, II. 703.
  (Dr), on the Echini, XXL 1004.
Mons, in the Netherlands, XV. 421.
Monseigneur, XV. 421.
Monsieur, XV. 421.
Monsoons, XV. 421; III. 679 ; XI. 378 ;
XIV. 747 ; XVII. 540—in Afghanis¬
tan, II. 212—in Ceylon, VI. 298.
Monster, XV. 421; XIV. 494; XVII
129.
Mont acute, in Somerset, XV. 422.
Montagnano, Italian city, XV. 422.
Montagu (Lady Mary Wortley), XV
INDEX.
105
MON
423 ; IV. 323—introduction of iuocu"
lation by, XII. 283.
Montagu (Edward Wortley), XV. 425.
Montagu’s Ornithological Dictionary,
XVI. 553,635.
Montague Island, XV. 425.
Montaigne (Michel de), XV. 425—his
merits as a writer on the philosophy
of mind, I. 49—had little scientific
knowledge, 50—predisposed to scep¬
ticism, ib.—carefully educated, ib.—
character of his scepticism, 51—radi¬
cal fault of his understanding, ib.—
his Apology for Raimondde Sebonde,
ib.—died a Christian, ib.—his opinion
of Sebonde’s Theologia Naturalis, 52
—poetical description of, by Voltaire,
53—reasons why his name should be
united with that of La Rochefoucauld,
55 — effects of his maxims on the
higher orders, 56.
Montanists, heretics, XV. 426.
Montanas (Arias), his Latin version of
the llible, IV. 615.
Montargis, in France, XV. 426.
Montauban,in France, XV. 426.
Montbar, a bucaneer, V. 623.
Montbeliard, in France, XV. 427.
Montbrison, in France, XV. 427.
Montcontour, in France, XV. 427.
Mont de Marsan, in France, XV. 427.
Montdidier, in France, XV. 427.
Montechiaro, Italian city, XV. 427.
Montego Ray, XII. 501.
Moutegua (Andrea;, painter, XVI. 719.
Monteguliano, in Sicily, XV, 427.
Monteleone, in Naples, XV. 427.
Montelimart, in France, XV. 427.
Montella, in Naples, XV. 427,
Monte Maggiore, XV. 427.
Montemayor, poetry of, XVIII. 162.
Monte Peloso, in Naples, XV. 427.
Montepulciano, Italian city, XV. 427.
Montereau, battle of, X. 167.
Monterery, port of, VI. 23.
Monterey, Mexican town, XIV. 818.
Montesabchio, XV. 427.
Montesquieu (Charles de S. Baron de),
XV. 427—main object of his work on
The Spirit of Laws, I. 94—his claim
to the idea of connecting jurispru¬
dence with history and philosophy,
ib.—his speculations directed to the
practical conclusion pointed out by
Bacon, 95—his Spirit of Laws gave
the first blow to the study of natural
jurisprudence, ib.—on natural reli¬
gion, 277—on a standard of value, XV.
386, ».
Monte Video, XV. 431 ; V. 523 ;
XVIII. 3, 4—weights and measures
of, XXI. 854.
Monteverde (Claudio), musician, XI.
XXI. 151; 325.
  (General), IV. 741; VII. 96.
et seq.
Montezuma, king of Mexico, XV. 433;
VII. 378 ; XIV. 763, et seq.
Montfaucon (Dom), on archeology, III.
256—on Jupiter Pluvius, 266 —his
work on antiquities, 268—on Roman
aqueducts, 319.
Montford (Simon de), VIII. 724.
Monteort, in France, XV. 433.
Montgolfier (Joseph), II. 184—balloon
invented by, 184, et seq. — his ascent
in one at Lyons, 187.
Montgolfier’s hydraulic ram, XII. 101 ;
V. 148.
Montgomery, Welsh town, XV. 433.
Montgomeryshire, in Wales, XV. 433
—canal, XVI. 16.
Month, XV. 435 ; VI. 3—Jewish, 658
—Egyptian, ib.—Syrian and Macedo¬
nian, 659—Ethiopic or Abyssinian, 661
—Armenian, ib.—Mahommedan, 662
—Persian, ib.—Chinese, 663—Indian,
664 — Druidical, VIII. 206—ancient
Egyptian, 556—different species of
lunar. III. 791—names of Attic
months, VI. 654—clock for indicat¬
ing days of, 780.
Monti (Vicenzo,, Italian poet, XV. 435.
MON—MOO
Montillia, Spanish city, XV. 436.
Montjoie, Prussian town, XV. 436.
Montlucon, in France, XV. 436.
Montmedy, in France, XV. 436.
Montmirail, battle of, X. 167.
Montmorenci (Philip de). Count Horn,
XI. 511, et seq.
Montmorency, French town, XV. 436
Montmorillon, in France, XV. 437. .
Montmort (Remond de), on games of
chance, XIV. 322—on probability,
XVIII. 592.
Montone, river, XVII. 4, 5.
Montpellier, French city, XV. 437—
swarm of ants at, III. 243—cotton-
manufacture of, VII. 417—university
of, XXL 487.
Montreal, XV. 437—Northwest Com¬
pany of, VI. 63—the Lachine Canal,
64 ; XVI. 27.
Montreuil, in France, XV. 438.
Montreux, Swiss village, XV. 438.
Montrose, XV. 438—effect of the basin
of, in clearing the entrance to the har¬
bour, VIII. 193.
   (Marquis of), X. 637—his victo¬
ries in Scotland, V. 326—defeated at
Philiphaugh, 328—executed, 334.
Montserrat, monastery, XV. 439.
  —, island, XV. 440.
Montucla on Descartes and Harriot, II.
424—on the arithmetic of sines, 485.
Monument of London, XIII. 536.
Monumental inscriptions, IX. 317; XII.
290.
Monza, Italian city, XV. 441.
Mood. See Mode.
Moogdul, Hindu town, XV. 441.
Mooltan, in Hindustan, XV. 441.
Moon, XV. 441; HI. 784; IV. 1—gra¬
vitation and revolution of, I. 560—
Newton’s theory of, a work of genius
almost superhuman, 663—accelera¬
tion of, II. 83; III. 752, 790; XIII.
99—Hipparchus’s discovery of period
of her revolution, III. 731—Ptolemy’s
discovery of her evection, 732—Ma
yer’s lunar tables, 751; XIV. 335—
her oval and large appearance in the
horizon, III. 763—phases, 785—pa¬
rallax, 786—magnitude, 786—orbit,
786—harvest-moon, 787—equation of
the centre, 789—evection, ib.—varia¬
tion, ib.—annual equation, ib.—secu¬
lar inequalities of perigee and nodes,
790—rotation and libration, IV. 1—
nature and constitution of her sub¬
stance, 3—spots, 4 — inequalities of
surface, ib.—atmosphere, 5—eclipses
and occultations, 7—force by which
the sun disturbs her motion round
the Earth, 54—Tables for calculation of
new and full moon, and eclipses, 72—
application of the Tables, 86—lunar
months, III. 791; year, VI. 7 ; cycle,
9—Chinese festival at full moon, 561
—Ferguson’s lunar clock, 778—clock
for shewing moon’s age, 780—fancied
coldness of her rays, VII. 59, 749—
regard paid by the Druids to her re¬
volutions, VIII. 206—Leslie on her
light, XIII. 250—theory of the lunar
origin of meteorolites, XIV. 714—no
appreciable heat in her rays, 717—
does not influence the weather, ib.—
halo round the, 749—how to take al¬
titude of, XV. 777, 778—lunar rain¬
bow, XIX. 60—moon’s influence on
the tides, XXL 260.
Moor (James), XV. 44 3.
Moorcroft’s journey to the Himalaya
Mountains, XI. 369, 374.
Moore (Dr John), XV. 449.
 <•— (Sir John), XV. 450—his expe¬
dition to Sweden, V. 524—his Spanish
expedition, 525—retreat to Corunna,
ib.; XXI. 736.
 , or More (Roger), rebellion of,
V. 319 ; XII. 368.
Moorghur, Hindu town, XV. 455.
Mooring, XV. 455.
Moorley, Hindu town, XV. 455.
Moorleydurseray, XV. 455.
MOO—MOR
Moors of Africa, II. 224 ; Algiers, 503,
506 ; Barbary, IV. 363—their acade¬
mies in Spain, II. 67—architecture,
III. 423—ballads, XVIII. 162—wars
with the Portuguese, 462, et seq. See
Arabians, Moriscos, Saracens.
Moorshedabad, XV. 455.
Moot, XV. 455.
Mootapilly, Hindu town, XV. 455.
Moplays of Canara, VI. 72.
Mopsus, XV. 455,
Morabin (Mons.), on Bellenden’s work:
on the aifairs of Rome, IV. 553.
Morad, river, XV. 455.
Moradabad, Hindu town, XV. 455.
Moraine of glaciers, II. 560.
Moral Philosopher, difficulties of, I. 294.
Moral Philosophy, XV. 456—little ad¬
vance made in, prior to the 17th cen¬
tury, I. 20—the Economists on rights
and duties, VIII. 400—Paley on, XVI.
761—progress of, XVII. 561—Plato’s
system of, XVIII. 34—opinions of So¬
crates in, XX. 464, 467. See Ethical
Philosophy, Ethics.
Moral Sense, XV. 490; XIV. 628;
XX. 96. See Conscience.
Morales (General), VII. 103.
Moralities, or religious plays, VIII. 154.
Morality, Christian, VI. 623—poetry
conducive to, XVIII. 140.
Morass, XV. 490.
Moravia, a province of Austria, XV.
490 ; IV. 227.
 , river, XV. 491.
Moravians, origin of, XXI. 988—mis¬
sions of, XIX. Ill—missions in La¬
brador, XIII. 5.
Morayshire, or Elginshire, XV. 491—
fisheries of, IX. 601.
Morbihan, in France, XV. 492.
Morbus Comitialis, XV. 492.
Mordants, in dyeing, VIII. 302 —in
calico-printing, 339.
Mordaunt (Charles), XV. 492,
Mordella, insect, IX. 168.
Mordellones, insects, IX. 167.
More (Hannah), XV. 494.
 (Dr Henry), his assertion that
Descartes was a Nullibist, I. 246.
 , or Moore (Roger), rebellion of,
V. 319; XII. 368.
  (Sir Thomas), XV. 493—cha¬
racter of, I. 232—anecdote of, IV.
472—execution of, VIII. 745 —his
patronage of Holbein, XI. 507.
Morea, in Greece, XV. 495 ; X. 723—
its present divisions, 753.
Moreau (John Victor), XV. 495; X.101,
et seq., 129, 131—his campaign of
1796, V. 484.
Morebat, Arabian sea-port, XV. 498.
Morefoot Hills, VIII. 429.
Morel (William), printer, XV. 498.
   (Frederick), senior, XV. 498.
 (Frederick), junior, XV. 498.
Morell (Andrew), Swiss antiquary, XV.
499
■ — (Thomas), XV. 499.
Morelli (James), librarian of St Mark
at Venice, XV. 499.
Morelos, XIV. 784.
Morena (Sierra), XX. 515.
Moreno (Dr Mariano), V. 655; XVIII. 4.
Moreri (Louis), XV. 500.
MoreSchi on erectile tissue, II. 726.
Moresque, XV. 500—Dances, ib.
Moreton-en-Marsh, XV. 500.
Morgagni (John Baptist), XV. 500—
his anatomical labours, II. 701—on
the structure of the arteries, 717.
Morgan (Mr), on annuities and life-as¬
surance, III. 199, 201—his account
of the Equitable Society, 202, 209 —
some of his Tables criticised, 202.
 , a bucaneer, V. 624.
 , on Shakspeare’s disregard of the
unities, VIII. 163.
 (Mr), on the effects of electri¬
city on the animal functions, VIII.
639.
Morgarten, Swiss village, XV. 501—
battle of, XXL 43.
MOR
Morghen (Raphael), XV. 501.
Morichini (Dr), on the magnetism of
the solar rays, XIII. 696 ; XVI. 422.
Morillo, IV. 742 ; VII. 98, et seq.
Morin, VIII. 319.
Moringese, in botany, V. 107.
Moriscos in Spain, their revolt, XX.
503—expulsion, 504.
Morison (R.), botanist, XV. 501; V. 71,
Moritz (St), Swiss town, XV. 501.
Morlachia, in Dalmatia, XV. 501.
Morlaix, in France, XV. 501.
Morland (Sir Samuel), his barometer,
IV. 390—his speaking-trumpets, XXL
391.
Morlet on magnetic equator, XIII. 743.
Mormolyce, insect, IX. 125.
Mormyrus, fish, XII. 201.
Mornay (Philippe de), X V. 502.
Morne (Lough), VI. 175.
Morning, XV. 502.
Morning-Star, XV. 502. See Venus.
Mornington Isle, XV. 502.
Morocco, XV. 502 ; II. 234; IV. 360
— heights of mountains of, XVII.
505—weights and measures, XXI. 854.
Morogues I Chevalier de), on naval sig¬
nals, XX. 335, 336.
Morpeth, in Northumberland, XV. 512.
Morpheus, XV. 512.
Morphia, muriate of, its poisonous qua¬
lity, XIV. 504.
Morphin, VI. 460—salts of, 461.
Morphnus, bird, XVI. 563.
Morpho, insect, IX. 242.
Morra, a timber of Guiana, XXI. 303.
Morrhina Vasa, XV. 512.
Morrhua, fish, XII. 217.
Morris (Corbyn), on mortality in Lon¬
don, XV. 514.
Morrice Dances, XV. 500.
Morrison (General), IV. 248.
 (Mr), his improvements in the
coinage of silver, VII. 46.
Morrumbidgee, river, XXI. 714, 715.
Mors, infernal deity, XV. 512.
Morse, XIV. 125—ivory of, III. 32.
Morshanst, in Russia, XV. 512.
Mortagne, in France, XV. 512.
Mortain, in France, XV. 512.
Mortality (Human), XV. 513—in
England, VIII. 799—of infants, XIV.
206, 208—in Manchester, 224—in the
royal navy, XVI. 54—in Russia, XIX.
572—in the United States, XXI. 461
—diminution of rate of, III. 207—
greater in males than in females, 208
—Glasgow bills of, X. 535—manufac¬
tures not productive of increase of,
XVIII. 285—variations of, in diffe¬
rent countries, 419 — tables of, 420,
593—registration of deaths, XIX. 98.
See Annuities, Population, Probabi¬
lity.
Mortar, XV. 562—plasterer’s, V. 677-8
—composition of, 664—for building,
XIV. 288—connexion formed by mor¬
tar of lime and gypsum, VI. 289.
 and pestle, XV. 562.
 , gun, XV. 562; XL 34, 71, 72—
mortar-practice, 71.
Mortara, in Piedmont, XV. 562.
Mortier, French ensign, XV. 562.
Mortification, in pathology, XVII. 128.
Mortimer on husbandry, II. 259.
 (Earl of), VIII. 727.
Mortise, XV. 562—oblique mortise and
tenon, VI. 167—mortising, V. 683.
Mortlake, in Surrey, XV. 562.
Mortmain, in law, XV. 563.
Morton Hampstead, town in Devou-
shire, XV. 564.
 (Samuel), his drill-plough and
harrow, II. 267-8, 350.
———■ (Dr), on intermittent fever,
XVII. 486.
——— (Earl of), regent of Scotland,
XIX. 741.
MoruNg, in Hindustan, XV. 564.
Morus alba, XX. 351. See Mulberry.
—   (Alexander), his controversy
with Milton, XV. 99.
Morveau. See Guyton-Morveau.
106
INDEX,
MOR—MOU
Morwara, Hindu town, XV. 564.
Mos, in Norway, XV. 564.
Mosaic Law, XV. 564—authorizes sla¬
very, XX. 382.
 Work, XV. 568 ; III. 257 ; XVI.
706.
 Gold, VI. 414.
Mosalsk, in Russia, XV. 568.
Moscas, II. 622.
Moschopulus on magic squares,XIII. 681.
Moschcs, poet, XV. 568 ; XVII. 429.
 , in zoology, XIV. 157.
Moscow, XV. 568—burnt in 1812, X.
157—burnt by the Tartars, XIX. 536
—famine at, 537.
Moselle, in France, XV. 569.
Mosely on hydrodynamics, XII. 8.
Moser on magnetism, XIII. 697.
Moses, XV. 570—education of, XI. 294,
n. 3—whether the author of the Pen¬
tateuch, XVII. 226. See Mosaic Law.
•  , a kind of boat, IV. 722.
Moshaisk, in Russia, XV. 571.
Mosheim (John Laurence), XV. 571—
on tlie. theological system of Luther,
I. 21—on mysteries, XV. 659.
Mosque, XV. 571.
Mosquito, insect, IX. 258—means of
preventing bites of, XII. 293.
Mosquito-men, XI. 551.
Mosquito-shore, XI. 19.
Moss, or bog, XV. 572. See Bog.
 (J.W.), his work on classical bi¬
bliography, IV. 627.
Mosses, in botany, V. 38, 138—cultiva¬
tion of, II. 313—organs of reproduc¬
tion in, V. 55—Icelandmoss, 139; VI.
476.
Mostra, in Italian music, XV. 573.
Mosul, Turkish city, XV. 573.
Motaeilla, birds, XVI. 576.
Motapha, XV. 573 ; II. 233.
Motella, fish, XII. 219.
Moths, IX. 244—their insensibility to
pain, III. 164—their mode of enter¬
ing bee-hives, IV. 523—their enmity
to bees, 533 — preservation of wool
from, VIII. 299—in furs, X. 267—
destruction of, XXI. 603.
Mother-of-pearl, optical properties of,
XVI. 444—micrometer, VI. 254.
Motion, XV. 573—production of, by
attraction and impulse, IV. 173—laws
of, VIII. 349, et seq.; XVII. 566-
change of, VIII. 354—composition of,
356—reduction of motions, 363—ac¬
celerated and retarded, 367—of fluids,
XII. 51—Landen’s theory of rotatory,
XIII. 56—Galileo on local, XIV. 350
—conservation of momentum of rota¬
tory, 353—of bodies on inclined planes
and curves, 381—first movers of ma¬
chinery, 426—howto change one kind
of motion into another, 448—metaphy¬
sical view of, 657—not necessarily indi¬
cative of mind, XVII. 559—sensible and
insensible, 562—absurdity of attribut¬
ing chemical and other changes to,
564—application of laws of, 566—is
the subject of pure mathematical dis¬
quisition, 571—of air, XVIII. 106—
of rivers and canals, XIX. 252. See
Dynamics, Mechanics, Statics.
•  (Perpetual), XV. 581; VI. 53
XVI. 529.
•  of animals, XII. 380—of the hu¬
man body, II. 795—voluntary, XVII.
580, 674; proper to animals, III. 157
—of fishes,,XII. 156—nerves of, XVII.
676—automatic, 677—instinctive, ib.
—involuntary, 678—spontaneous mo¬
tions of plants, XXI. 587.
Motir, island, XV. 581.
Motive, XV. 581—conjunction of mo¬
tive and action, XIV. 691. See Will.
Motoualis, Syrian nation, XV. 581.
Mottoes, in heraldry, XV. 581 ; XI.
258.
Motya taken by Dionysius, VI. 186.
Moupet (Thomas), XV 581.
Mo ujour, Hindu town, XV. 581.
Moulds, XV. 581-2—in ship building,
582 ; XX. 286. See Casting.
MOU—MUC
Mouldiness, V. 139 — vegetation and
seeds of, III. 191.
Moulding XV. 582. See Casting.
Mouldings, in architecture, XV. 582 ;
III. 468, 473—Greek, 441, 463—Ro¬
man, 450, 463—Italian, 451.
 , in joinery, V. 688 ; XII. 610.
 (plaster;, in rooms, V. 680
Moulin (Du), his work against Milton,
XV. 99.
Moulineau (Monsieur), roof constructed
by, XIX. 456.
Moulinex, XV. 582.
Moulins, in France, XV. 582.
Moulmein teak-wood, XXL 299.
Moult’s filter, IX. 582.
Moulting, XV. 582 ; IX. 91.
Mound, XV. 532, 583.
Mount Edgecombe, XV. 583.
Mount Sorrel, in Leicester, XV. 583.
Mounts of Piety, XV. 583.
Mountains, XV. 583 ; XVII. 504 —
their peculiar appearance in Abys¬
sinia, II. 59—snow line of, 560 —
afford proofs of beneficent design and
adaptation to the wants of man, 608
—their influence on climate, 610—
barometrical measurement of, IV. 396
—cold of, VI. 752 ; VII. 58; XII.
134—heat of sun’s rays on, VI. 758-
coal seldom found in, VII. 74—elec¬
trical phenomena on, VIII. 620—at¬
traction of, XV. 583—direction of
chains of, XVII. 504—appearances of
opposite sides of, ib.—height of, ib.—
tables of heights of, 505, 556 ; and
Plate 410—ebullition on, XX. 574—
rule for finding the height of, by the
boiling-point of water, ib.
Mountain of Forty Days, XV. 584.
Mountains of the Lions, XV. 584.
 (Marble), XV. 584.
 of the Moon, XV. 584.
Mountain-barometer, IV. 399.
Mountain-cap, cloud, XII. 133.
Mountain-party at the French Revolu¬
tion, X. 71, et seq.
Mountain-soap, a mineral, XV. 148.
Mountsbay-angler, fish, XII. 195.
Mouonio, in Lapland, XIII. 113.
Mourghab, antiquities at, XVII. 257.
Mourgue (J. A.), on mortality, XV. 520.
Mourne Mountains, VIII. 131.
Mourning, XV. 584.
Mourzouk, IX. 531.
Mousa Pasha, XXI. 415.
Mouse, XIV. 133—means of destroying
mice, XXI. 599.
Moussyre, island, XV. 585.
Mouth, human, II. 802.
Moutray (Captain), V. 415.
Mouze (Monsieur), on subterranean for¬
tification, IX. 771.
Mouzillon, French town, XV. 585.
Moveable, XV. 581.
Mow, Hindu towns, XV. 585.
Moxa, XV. 585.
Moxon on type-making, XXL 436.
Moy, river, XX. 392—its navigation,
XVI. 22.
Moyes (Dr Henry), a blind mathemati¬
cian, IV. 701.
Mozambique, XV. 585; II. 232—weights
and measures of, XXI. 854.
Mozart, musician, XV. 585.
Mozgurbah, Hindu town, XV. 588.
Mucedines, in botany, reproductive or¬
gans of, V. 57.
Muchoo River, XV. 588.
Mucie acid, VI. 429.
Mucilage, XV. 588; VI. 477; XXI.
568—its nutritive qualities, VIII. 2®.
Mueius. See Mutius.
Muckealah, Hindu town, XV. 588.
Muckondabad, Hindu town, XV. 588.
Muckud, Hindu town, XV. 588.
Mfckundnauth, Hindu town, XV. 588.
Muckundra, Hindu village, XV. 588.
Mucor, or mouldiness, V. 139—seeds
and vegetation of, III. 191.
Mucous membrane, II. 751 ; XVII. 607
—vessels of, II. 753—its connection
with the skin, 754 ; VII. 190.
MUC—MUM
Mucruss Abbey, in Kerry, XII. 704.
Mucus (animal), XV. 588; VI. 496;
XVII. 607, 623, 650—its quality as
an aliment, VIII. 19.
 (vegetable), VI. 478.
Mud, showers of, V. 642.
Mud-volcanoes, XVII. 515 ; XII. 147.
Mudarin, VI. 471.
Muddie, Hindu town, XV. 588.
Mudge (General), measurement of a de¬
gree of latitude by, I. 659 ; IX. 550 —
employed on the ordnance survey,
XXL 354, 356.
Mudge’s scapements, VI. 775, 794.
Mudie (Robert), on the elevated haunts
of the ptarmigan, XX. 317.
Mudrus, VI. 21.
Mueller (Johannes Von), German his¬
torian, XV. 588. See Muller.
Muffle, XV. 589.
Muffle-furnace, X. 272.
Mufti, XV. 589 ; XXI. 423.
Muganayana, Indian town, XV. 589.
Muggletonians, sect, XV. 590.
Muggy, bird, XVI. 576.
Mughs, III. 626.
Mugilidse, fishes, XII. 191.
Muglee, Hindu town, XV. 590.
Muglitz, Moravian city, XV. 590.
Muhlhausen, French city, XV. 590.
Muhlrose, canal of, IV. 331.
Muir (Tho.), prosecution of, V. 471.
Mulatto, XV. 590.
Mulberry-trees in China, VI. 579—in
Granada, X. 704—culture of, XI. 650;
in Lombardy, XIII. 478 — specific
gravity of wood of, XII. 33—leaves of,
the best food of silk-worms, XIII.
477; XX. 351.
Mulct, XV. 590.
Mule, XV. 590—Asiatic, III. 683—its
barrenness, 162.
 (spinning), XX. 539—self-acting-
mules, ib., et seq. ; VII. 403; XIV.
216.
Mule-jenny, VII. 402 ; XX. 537, 541.
Mules, among gardeners, XV. 590.
Muley Moloch, XVIII. 466.
Mulhaka, Hindu town, XV. 590.
Mulhausen, Prussian city, XV. 590.
Mulheim, XV. 590.
Mulier, in law, XV. 590.
Mulio, insect, IX. 267.
Mulivaddy, river, VI. 299.
Mull, island, XV. 590.
Mullahpore, Hindu town, XV. 591. ,
Mullenbach, XV. 591.
Muller, XV. 591.
 , or Regiomontanus (John), XV.
591. See Regiomontanus.
 (Christopher), XI. 314.
  (Johannes Von), German his¬
torian, XV. 588—his History of the
Doric Race, VIII. 117—on the Etrus¬
can language, IX. 388. #
 (Otho Frederic), on animalcules
III. 180, 181—on hydrachnae, III. 368
—on conchology, XV. 331.
 on the organs of secretion, XVII
649—on the blood, XVII. 657.
Mullet, fish, XII. 172—red and striped,
ib.—gray, 191.
 , in heraldry, XI. Plate 277.
Mullingar, XV. 591; .XXI. 863.
Mullins (J. W.), nis voltaic batteries,
XXI. 671.
Mullion, in architecture. III. 468.
Mullus, fish, XII. 172.
Multappy, Hindu town, XV. 591.
Multifernan Abbey, XXI. 863.
Multiple, XV. 591 ; X. 442.
Multiplicand, XV. 591.
Multiplication, XV. 591—in algebra,
II. 429,433—inarithmetic. III. 545—
of vulgar fractions, 558—of decimals,
561, 562, 563—by Napier’s rods, XV.
693.
Multiplicator, XV. 591.
Multipliers (electrical), VIII. 653.
Mum, liquor, XV. 591.
Mum mi us (Lucius), Roman consul, XV.
591—Corinth taken by, VII. 3-27.
Mummy, XV. 591—Egyptian mummies.
MUM—MUft
VIII. 676 — the Guanches, VI. 73-
See Embalming.
Mumps, XXL 622.
Mun (Mr) on political economy, XVIII,
262, 264.
Munchausen on animalcules, III. 191.
Munck (Jens), voyage of, XVIII. 218.
Munda, battle of, XIX. 398.
Mundattafal, Hindu town, XV. 591.
Munden, German city, XV. 591.
Mundingoes. See Mandingo.
Mundinus on anatomy, XVII. 726.
Mundium, Hindu village, XV. 592.
Mundus, VII. 281.
 Patens, ancient Roman solem¬
nity, XV. 592.
Mungulhaut, Hindu town, XV. 592.
Mcngulore, Afghan town, XV. 592.
Mungulwara, Hindu town, XV. 592.
Munich, XV. 592 ; IV. 460—Academy
of Sciences at, II. 73—royal library
of, XIII. 312.
Municipal, XV. 592.
Municipes, XV. 592.
Municipium, XV. 592.
Munition, XV. 592—Ships, ib.
Munkacs, Hungarian town, XV. 592.
Munnipore, Burmese town, XV. 592.
Munro (Colonel), on India, XI. 445, n. ;
455, et seq. ; 464.
   (Sir Hector), XI. 419.
 (Sir Thos.), on Canara, VI. 70.
Munster, Irish province, XV. 592.
 , government and town in West¬
phalia, XV. 594—town taken posses¬
sion of by the Anabaptists, II. 679.
 (Sebastian), on dialling, VII. 759.
Munster’s Latin Bible, IV. 615.
Miinter (Bishop), VII. 731—on the Cop¬
tic language, XI. 315.
Muntins, in joinery, V. 688.
Muntjaks, in zoology, XIV. 161.
Muntz (J. H.), on encaustic painting,
VIII. 695.
Munychia, a port of Athens, IV. 126.
Munychio, an ancient Athenian solem¬
nity, XV. 594.
Munychion, Athenian month, XV. 594.
Munzer, an anabaptist, II. 679.
Murad Bey, VIII. 487.
Mursena, fish, XII. 224.
Mural, XV. 594-—Arch,ib.—Quadrants
and Circle, IV. 106.
Murano, XV. 594.
Murat, in France, XV. 596.
   (Joachim), French general, XV.
594 ; V. 536 ; XII. 477.
Muratori (Louis Antony), XV. 596.
Murcia, Spanish province, XV. 597.
 , Spanish city, XV. 597.
 :—, goddess, XV. 597.
Murder, XV. 597; XIV. 497—its punish¬
ment in China, VI. 557. See Infan¬
ticide.
Murderers, ship-ordnance, XV. 597.
Murdoch (Mr), the inventor of gas-light¬
ing, X. 349.
   (Rev. Patrick), on the conical
development, X. 418.
Murdoch’s boring-apparatus, V. 4.
   steam-engine-valves, XX. 647,
648.
Murengers, XV. 597.
Murbt, in France, XV. 597.
 (M.>, on the population of the
Pays de Vaud, XV. 515—on Swiss
births, XVIII. 417.
Murex, in eonchology, XV. 347, 374.
Murfreesboro, in Tennessee, XXI. 183
Murghaub, Persian village, XV. 597.
Muriates, VI. 454.
Muriatic acid, in chemistry, VI. 364 —
in mineralogy, XV. 137—poisonous
quality of, XIV. 503.
 Ether, VI. 439.
 Substances, phosphorescent ef¬
fects of electricity on, VIII. 634.
Muricalcite, specific gravity of, XII
33.
Muriciiom, Hindu village, XV. 597.
Murieidae, mollusca, XV. 364.
Murillo, character of the paintings of,
III. 650 ; XVI. 722.
INDEX
107
MUR—MUS
Murkutchoe, Hindu town, XV. 597.
Muko, Neapolitan city, XV. 598.
Murom, in Russia, XV. 598.
Murrain renders the flesh of animals
poisonous, XIV. 507.
Murrambidgee River, IV. 207.
Murray (Dr Alex.), XV. 598 ; XII. 737.
—  on botany, V. 88.
— (Lord George), his telegraph,
XXL 138.
 (Sir John), V. 534.
   (John), on paper, XVII 13.
— (Dr John), his analysis of sea¬
water, XVII. 518.
• (Mr), of Leeds, his boring-ma¬
chine, V. 4. *
 (Mungo), on ship-building, XX.
229, 264.
 , Regent of Scotland, XIX. 734,
et seq.
 (William), Earl of Mansfield,
XV. 599.
 •. See Morayshire.
 — River, XXL 714, 715.
Murray’s Islands, XV. 601.
Murrhine, XV. 601.
Murten, Swiss city, XV. 602.
Murviedro, Spanish town, XV. 602.
Mus, in zoology, XIV. 132—structure
of mus typhus, XVII. 705.
Musa, XV. 602—the ancient name of
Mocha, III. 341.
Musacese, in botany, V. 133.
Mus*us, Greek poet, XV. 602—poems
of, XVII. 404.
 , German novelist, romances of,
XIX. 357.
Musca, insect, IX. 283.
Museardihe, in zoology, XIV. 132—its
hybernation, III. 167.
Muscat, XIV. 276—its trade with Sinde,
XX. 363—weights and measures of,
XXL 854.
Mcschenbroek (Peter Van), XV. 647
—on dew, VII. 749, 750—on meteo-
rolites, XIV. 714—his pyrometer,
XVIII. 747—his experiments on the
strength of woods, XX. 757.
Muschman on magnetism, XIII. 723.
Musci, or mosses. See Mosses.
Muscicapa, birds, XVI. 569.
Muscides, insects, IX. 281.
Muscipeta, birds, XVI. 569.
Muscles, II. 737, 792 ; XVII. 580, 608—
Galen’s knowledge of, II. 690—con¬
tractility of, 738 ; XVII. 609—fascia,
II. 740—general remarks on, 794—of
brutes, III. 18 — of the elephant’s
trunk, 28—not apparent in animal¬
cules, 182—great muscular power of
ants, 240—chemical composition of,
VI. 503—influence of their strength
on the mind, VIII. 442—of fishes,
XII. 156—of the mollusca, XV. 326
—irritability of, X VII. 132—vital ex¬
pansibility and tonicity of, 133—source
of their power, 611—muscular sense,
662—muscles of voluntary motion,
675—diseases of, in the domestic ani¬
mals, XXI. 615—muscular tissue of
animals, III. 158.
Muscovado, XX. 795.
Musculus, XV. 602.
Museia, Greek festivals, XV. 602.
Muses, XV. 602.
Museum, XV. 603.
 , in ancient Athens, IV. 124.
 (British). See British.
Musgrave on anomalous gout, XVII. 486.
Mushed, Persian city, XV. 603—valley
of, Xll. 708.
Mushet’s furnace, X. 272.
Mushrooms, V. 139—yellow dye from,
VIII. 323—culture of, XI. 666—
poisonous kinds of, XIV. 507.
Mushroom-sugar, Vi. 473.
Music, XV. 604—in Austria, IV. 235—
China, VI. 571—Greece, IV. 163, n. 1
—Russia, XIX. 583, n. 1—principles
upon which it is founded, I. 612—
Academies of, II. 74—air in, 367—
beating time in, IV. 475—taste for,
in Brazil, V.205—Cavalloon the tem-
MUS—MYI
perament of musical intervals, VI. 254
—characters used in, 323—composi¬
tion, VII. 193—design, 740—discord,
VIII. 40—double employment, 122—
harmony, XI. 150—imitation, XII.
254—interval, 331—intonation, 332
melody, XIV. 542—symphony, XXI.
53 — temperament of musical scale,
17?—thorougn bass, 252—tonality',
325. See Aretin (Guido).
Musical glasses, XL 149.
  instruments, principles of, II.
119, 121. See Flute, Organ, &c.
 —sounds, II. 119—distinction be¬
tween them and other sounds, 120.
Musicians, blind, IV. 702.
Musimon, an animal, XV. 647.
Musk, XV. 647 5 XIV. 157—vegetable
musk plant, VII. 707.
Musk-deer, XIV. 157 ; XXI. 255.
Musk-duck, XVI. 637.
Musk-ox, XIV. 167.
M1 skaw. Prussian town, XV
MiAket, XV. 647 ; XI. 34—boring of
muskets, V. 5.
Musketoon, XV. 647.
Musketry, sound of, II. 119.
Muskingum, river, XVI. 326.
Muslin, XV. 647—folding of, VI. 20—
manufacture of, in India, IV. 567 ;
VII. 396—first attempts to manufac¬
ture it in Britain, VII. 407.
Musmon, in zoology, XIV. 164.
Musophaga, birds, XVI. 603.
Mosquito. See Mosquito.
Musschenbroek. See Muschenbroek.
Mussel, XV. 372.
Musselburgh, Scotch town, XV. 647.
Mussomeli, in Sicily, XV. 648.
Mussulman, XV. 648.
Must, sweet wine, XV. 648.
Mustapha, Turkish emperor, XXI. 412.
— II, of Turkey, XXI. 413.
 IV., of Turkey, XXI. 415.
Mustard, culture of, XI. 675.
Mustela, in zoology, XIV. 109.
Mustelus, fish, XII. 233.
Muster, XV. 648—Rolls, ib.
Mutse, insects, IX. 202.
Mutation, XV. 648.
Mutationes, XV. 648.
Mutchkin, measure, XV. 648.
Mute, XV. 648.
Mutilation, XV. 648—crime of, XIV.
496. See Castration.
Mutilla, insect, IX. 228.
Mutina, battle of, XIX. 398.
Mutiny, XV. 648—in the British fleet
at the Norein 1797, V. 481; VIII. 276.
Mutis (Joseph Celestino), XV. 648.
Mutius (Caius), XV. 650; XIX. 369.
  Sc*vola (Q.), XV. 650.
Muttahir, III. 343.
Mutton, XV. 650.
Mutual, XV. 650.
Mutule, in Doric architecture, XV.
650 ; III. 468.
Mutunus, XV. 650.
Muys on the muscles, XVII. 608.
Muyscas, II. 622.
Muzzle of a gun, XV. 650.
Myas, mollusca, XV. 340, 373,
Mycale, XV. 650—battle of, IV. 151.
Mycen*, Greek town, XV. 651—archi¬
tectural remains at, III. 414.
Mycerinus, pyramid of, VIII. 549.
Mycetes, in zoology, XIV. 94.
Mycetobia, insect, IX. 262.
Mycetophagi, insects, IX. 176.
Mycetophila, insects, IX. 263.
Mycondah, Hindu town, XV. 651.
Mycone, island, XV. 651.
Myconus, island, XV. 651.
Mycteria, birds, XVI. 620.
Mycterus, insect, IX. 167.
Mydan, Afghan district, XV. 651.
Mydas, insect, IX. 266.
Mydasii, insects, IX. 266.
Mydaus, in zoology, XIV. 110.
Myer, Hindu town, XV. 651.
Mygale, genus of arachnides, III. 357.
 , genus of mammalia, XIV. 103.
Myiagrus Deus, XV. 651.
MYL—NAB
Myiodes Deus, XV. 651.
Mylabris, insect, IX. 169.
Mylasa, in Asia Minor, XV. 651.
Mylau, in Saxony, XV. 651.
Myletes, fish, XII. 212.
Myliobatis, fish, XII. 235.
Mylius on pseudonymous books, IV. 628.
Mylne (Mr), his plan of Blaekfriars
Bridge, III. 387—his centre for it
VI. 287, 290.
Mymunsing, in Hindustan, XV. 65
Myniops, insect, IX. 173.
Myo Isle, XV. 652,
Myodites, insects, IX. 168.
Myology, XV. 652 ; II. 792—compa¬
rative, III. 18—of the domestic ani¬
mals, XXI. 615. See Muscles.
Myomancy, XV. 652.
Myopa, insect, IX. 279.
Myopia, XV. 652 ; XVII. 671.
Myoporinae, in botany, V. 123.
Myopotamus, in zoology, XIV. 139.
Myopteris, in zoology, XIV. 101.
Myosen, lake, XVI. 261.
Myothera, birds, XVI. 573.
Myoxis, in zoology, XIV. 132.
Myriad, XV. 652.
Myriapoda, insects, XV. 652.
Myricese, in botany, V. 130.
Myrina, insect, IX. 242.
Myripristis, fish, XII. 170.
Myristacese, in botany, V. 126.
Myristica, XV. 655 ; V. 66.
Myrmecia, arachnides, III. 363.
Myrmecophaga, in zoology, XIV. 143.
Myrmecophila, insect, IX. 192.
Myrmelion, insect, IX. 212.
Myrmelionides, insects, IX. 212.
Myrmica, insect, IX. 228.
Myrmidons, XV. 655 ; II. 171.
Myrmillones, XV. 655.
Myrobalans, fruit, XV. 656.
Myron, Greek statuary, XV. 656.
Myrrh, XV. 656 ; VI. 491—specific
gravity of, XII. 33.
Myrsinese, in botany, V. 119.
Myrtaceae, in botany, V. 109.
Myrteae, in botany, V. 110.
Myrthr-Tydvil. See Merthyr-Tydvil.
Myrto, XX. 443.
Myrtoum Mare, XV. 656.
Myrtus, island, XV. 656.
Mysciikin, in Russia, XV. 656.
Mysia, in Asia Minor, XV. 656.
Mysleniczer, in Austria, XV. 656.
Mysol Isle, XV. 656.
Myson, Greek sage, XV. 656.
Mysore, in Hindustan, XV. 656—con¬
quered by the British, XI. 433.
Mysteries, XV. 657—Eleusinian, VIII.
664—ancient, XIV. 281—modern, or
sacred dramas, VIII. 153.
Mystical, or Mysterious, XV. 674.
Mystics, sect, XV. 674 ; I. 311.
Mystrum, measure, XV. 675.
Mythology, XV. 675—Egyptian, VIII.
551—Greek and Roman, III. 256—
Runic, VIII. 410—Bryant on, V.
618 ; VII. 691—Strabo on, 463—
Heynd on, XI. 292. See Deluge,
Egyptians, Greeks, &c.
Mytildae, mollusca, XV. 367.
Mytilene, aqueduct in, III. 318.
Mytiloides, in conchology, XV. 343.
Mytilus, in conchology, XV. 344, 372.
Myxine, fish, XII. 137.
Myxodes, fishes, XII. 192.
Myzine, insect, IX. 229.
Mzensk, in Russia, XV. 684.
N
N, letter of the alphabet, XV. 684.
Naas, XV- 684 ; XII. 714.
Nabatene, XV. 684.
Nabis,. a tyrant of Sparta, XV.. 684.
Nablous, XV. 710 ; XVI. 741-2.
Nablum, XV. 685.
Vabo, XV. 685.
Nabob, XV. 685.
NAB—NAP
Nabonassar, XV. 685; IV. 303—era
of, VI. 659.
! Nabuchadnezzar, kingof Assyria, XV.
685. See Nebuchadnezzar.
Naceari (F. L.), on birds, XVI. 551.
Nachelo, a Persian seaport, XV. 685.
Nachitschevan, Russian city, XV. 685.
Nackshievan, Persian town, XV. 685.
Naded, town in India, XV. 685.
Nadegadoo, in Ceylon, XV. 685.
Nadim, river, XV. 685.
Nadir, XV. 685 ; III. 754.
Nadir Shah, III. 689 ; V. 699 ; XI. 411;
XVII. 268.
Nadone, Hindu town, XV. 685.
N*nia, XV. 685.
Naerden, Dutch town, XV. 685.
N*rius (Cneius), Latin poet, XV. 685.
Nafels, Swiss town, XV. 686.
Naff, Hindu river, XV. 686.
Nagal, a Hindu town, XV. 686.
Nagamangatam, XV. 686.
Naghery, town in India, XV. 686.
Nagjery, town in India, XV. 686.
Nagne, Hindu river, XV. 686.
Nagpoor, in Hindustan, XL 438.
Nagy-Banya, in Hungary, XV. 686.
Nagy-Enyed, Austrian city, XV. 686.
Nagy-Karoli, XV. 686.
Nagy-Kobesch, XV. 686.
Nahn, in Hindustan, XV. 686.
Nahr el Berd ; Eltemasif.h; Gebail;
el Houali; el Kebir; rivers in Asia,
XV. 686.
Naiades, river deities, XV. 686.
Naiant, in heraldry, XV. 686.
Nails, their adhesion to wood, XIV. 458.
Nail-trade of Birmingham, VIII. 775.
Nails of the human body, II. 751; XVII.
607.
Nain (Lewis S. de>, XV. 686.
Naipi, river, II. 651.
Nairne (Mr), on electricity, VIII. 623-
4-5—on pneumatics, XVIII. 86.
Nairnshire, in Scotland, XV. 687 
fisheries of, IX. 601.
Nairs, XVI. 66; XI. 398 ; XIV. 50.
Nais, worm, XI. 222.
Naissant, in heraldry, XV. 688.
Naja, serpent, XX. 147, 134.
Na.too, island, XV. 688.
Nama, V. 176.
Namacul, town in India, XV. 688.
Namagang, island, XV. 688.
Namboody, town in India, XV. 688.
Name, XV. 688—surname, XX. 846.
Namptwich, XV. 689.
Namur, XV. 689—sieges of, VII. 29.
Nancowry, island, XV. 690.
Nancy, in France, XV. 690.
Nandaprayaga, in India, XV. 690.
Nandere, in India, XV. 690.
Nandoor, in India, XV. 690.
Nandou, bird, XVI. 616; V. 641.
Nanga, town in Niphon, XV. 690.
Nangasaki, sea-port of Japan, XV. 690.
Nangis, battle of, X. 167.
Nanhiung, Chinese city, XV. 690.
Nani (John Baptist), XV. 690,
Nanka Islands, XV. 691.
Nankang, Chinese city, XV. 691.
Nankeen-yellow, dyeing of, VIII. 324.
Nanking, Chinese city, XV. 691—large
bells in, IV. 547.
Nan-ning, Chinese city, XV. 691.
Nanpareh, Hindu town, XV. 691.
Nantes, XV. 691—edict of, X. 33, 34-
revocation of edict, XX. 341—canal to
Brest, XVI. 6.
Nantua, in France, XV. 691.
Nantucket, American island, XIV. 306
—fisheries of, V. 401.
Nantwich, XV. 689.
Nanyang, Chinese town, XV. 691.
Nanybrus, IV. 542.
Naos, in architecture, III. 468.
Napakiang, XV. 691.
Naperabad, VII. 630.
Naphtha, in chemistry, VI. 443 —in
mineralogy, XV. 172—its sp. gr., XII.
33—of Caucasus, VI. 216; Japan,
XII. 512; Persia, XVII. 243—used
for lamps, XIII. 41.
108
INDEX
NAP—NAll
Naphthali, tribe of Israel, XV. 691.
Naphthaline, VI. 372—itssp. gr.,XII. 33.
Napier (family of), XI. 251, n.
 (Colonel W. F. P.), on the British
army. III. 617, 622—on Sir J. Moore’s
retreat to Corunna, XV. 453.
    (David), his improvements in
steam-navigation, XX. 690.
  (John), Baron of Merchiston,
XV. 691—his invention of logarithms,
I. 447 ; XIII. 418, 431 ; XIV. 316—
his depth and originality of mind, I.
44 7—his unrivalled merit,448—talents
of, as a geometrician, ib.—brought
the notation of decimals to its utmost
simplicity, 587—on burning-mirrors,
V. 729—his Rules of the Circular
Parts, XXI. 381—his Rods or Bones,
XV. 693.
 (Lord), his proceedings at Can¬
ton, VI. 103—on the fire of St Elmo,
VIII. 623.
  (Mr), account of his printing-
machine, XVIII. 571.
Naples, XV. 694—academies of science
at, II. 69—Academy of Herculaneum,
76—acquired by Alphonso V., II. 557
—extensive poisonings with aqua to-
fana, III. 313 — army, 612—end of
Murat’s government, V. 536 — dis¬
cussion in the British parliament in
1821 relative to, 551—cotton-manu¬
facture, VII. 420—invaded by Charles
VIII., X. 29—war with France in
1798,1.10—its state at that time, XVI.
87—appended to Spain, XII. 476—
revolution at, 478 — libraries, XIII.
311—coins, XV. 407, 410—mortality,
537—tonnage of ships, XXI. 329—
weights and measures, 854, 847, 848.
Naplous, XV. 710; XVI. 741, 742.
Napoleon, XV. 711; X. 80, 96, 99, et
seq. ; XI. 485 — his road over the
Simplon, II. 559, n.—his army and
artillery, III. 599, 635, 636—on con¬
scription, 601—his Italian campaigns,
X. 99, 118 ; IV. 221 ; V. 479—works
at Cherbourg, 218 — expedition to
Egypt, 485; VIII. 488, 489; X. 109
—invasion of Syria, V. 489; VIII.
488, 489; X. 112; XVI. 759—return
from Egypt, V. 489—letters to George
III., 490,520 ; X. 116—passage of the
Alps, 118 ; V. 495—appointed first
consul, 512 ; X. 116—irritated by the
English journals, V. 513 ; X. 127 —
his designs against Malta, V. 513 ;
X. 127—conversation with Lord Whit¬
worth, V. 513 ; X. 127—Lord W.’s
account of his behaviour at the Tuil-
leries, V. 515 ; X. 127—his threatened
invasions of England, V. 518 ; X. 121,
128—return from Elba, V. 539 —
battle of Waterloo, 541; XXL 751—
Canova’s bust of, VI. 97—the press
under, VII. 316—on field-fortification,
IX. 784—at Weimar, X. 601—his Code,
132 ; XIII. 184 ; XVIII. 736—his
treatment of the- Poles, XVIII. 207
—war with the Prussians, 684—policy
in Spain, XX. 505—tactics, XXI. 738,
et seq.—See the Chronological Table,
VI. 679, et seq.
Napoleon’s Land, XV. 734.
Napoli di Romania, XV. 734.
Nappah, town in India, XV. 734.
Naraingunge, in Bengal, XV. 734.
Naraingur, in Bengal, XV. 734.
NakanGabad, in Oude, XV. 734.
Naranjos, islands, XV. 734.
Narasinghapoor, XV. 734.
Narberth, Welsh town, XV. 734.
Narbonne, XV. 734—canal of, XVI. 5.
Narcissus, in fabulous history, XV. 734,
 —, flower, XI. 683.
Narcondam, island, XV. 734.
Narcotic poisons, XIV. 504; XVIII. 176
—treatment of sufferers from, 181.
Narcotin, VI. 461—salts of, 462.
Nar, river, XVI. 16, 246.
Nariad, town in India, XV. 734.
Narikee, town in India, XV. 734.
Narlah, town in India, XV. 735.
NAR—NAU
NarnAllah, town in India, XV. 735.
Narni, Italian city, XV. 735.
Narnoul, in India, XV. 735.
Naro, Silician city, XV. 735.
Narration, XV. 7-35.
Narrow, various meanings of, VIII. 12.
Narrowa, river, IV. 330.
Narses, VII. 275; XII. 465,
 , king of Persia, XVII. 261.
Narsingah, in India, XV. 735.
Narsingur, Bengal, XV. 735.
Narsipoor, in India, XV. 735.
Nabungpore, in India, XV. 735.
Narva, XV. 735—battle of, XIX. 542.
Narwar, in India, XV. 735.
Narwhal, XIV. 182.
Narym, in Asiatic Russia, XV. 736.
Nasal bone, II. 777—cavities, 785, 797—
muscles, 794.
Naseby, XV. 736—battle of, V. 328.
Naseus, fish, XII. 190.
Nashville, in Tennessee, XXI. 183.
Nasmyth’s carriage, driven by wind,
XIV. 444.
Naso, town in Sicily, XV. 736.
Nassa, in conchology, XV. 347.
Nassau, XV. 736—-mineral springs of,
XXI. 93—weights and measures, 854.
  (William), Prince of Orange,
XVI. 106. See Maurice.
NasstV-Eddin Al-Tussi, X. 428.
Nassuck, town in India, XV. 737.
Nasua, in zoology, XIV. 107.
Nataana, town in India, XV. 737.
Natal, in Sumatra, XV. 737—in Brazil,
XIX. 245—Port Natal, XII. 659.
Natautia, mollusca, XV. 350.
Natches, American tribe, II. 620.
Natchez, in Mississippi, XV. 300.
Nathan (Mordecai), his reputed divi¬
sion of the chapters of the Bible into
verses, IV. 612.
Nathdorah, town in India, XV. 737.
Natica, in conchology, XV. 348.
Nation, XV. 737. See Law of Nations.
National character, difficulty of estimat¬
ing, IV. 162 — diversity of national
tastes, 491.
  Debt of the United Kingdom,
VIII. 796 ; X. 244—Sir R. Walpole’s
plan for lessening it, V. 377—Pitt’s
plan of a sinking-fund, 439.
 Schools in England, XXI. 529.
Natividad, island, XV. 737.
Nativity, XV. 737.
Natolia, XV. 737.
Natrix, serpent, XX. 141.
Natrolite, XV. 151—its sp. gr., XII. 33.
Natron, XV. 737, 137, 138—Egyptian
valley of, VIII. 518.
Nattam, XV. 737.
Natter-jack, reptile, XIX. 157.
Nattore, town in Bengal, XV. 737.
Nattradacotta, town in Hindustan,
XV. 737.
Natunas, island, XV. 738.
Natural, XV. 738.
Natural History, XV. 738—means
of rendering it a precise science, II.
142—study of, recommended, IX. 60,
239—useful to physicians, XIV. 525
—province of, XVII. 433. See Ani¬
mat Kingdom, Botany, Mineralogy,
&c.; also the articles enumerated in
Vol. III. p. 180.
Natural Philosophy, XV. 741; XVII.
565. See Physics.
Natural Theology. See Theology (Na¬
tural), God.
Naturalists, advice to, XX. 121.
Nature, XV. 741—the word used by
philosophers as synonymous with
God, I. 279 — plastic, XVII. 797-
law of, XIII. 129—constancy of, XVII.
434, 574—laws of, 434, 438, 561, 574,
593; XXI. 586; with reference to
prayer, XVIII. 505.
Nauclerus, fish, XII. 186.
 , bird, XVI. 564.
Naucoris, insect, IX. 199.
Naucrari, XV. 741.
Naucrates, fish, XII. 185.
Nasicum, in botany, V. 48.
NAU—NEA
Naude (Gabriel), on the classification of
books, IV. 631, 632.
Naulum, XV. 741.
Naumachia, XV. 741.
Naumburg, Prussian city, XV. 741—
library at, XIII. 314.
Naupactus, a city ef iEtolia, XV. 741.
Nauplius, son of Neptune, XV. 741.
Nauscopy, XV. 742.
Nautical Almanack, XIV. 279.
Nautilacea, mollusca, XV. 352.
Nautilus, in conchology, XV. 344, 353
—Lacustris, 345.
Nautpoor, in Bengal, XV. 742.
Nayacott, in India, XV. 742.
Naval Tactics, XXI. 754—Camp, XV.
742—Signals, XX. 331. See Navy.
Telegraph.
  Academy, at Portsmouth, II.
77 ; VIII. 84—Scottish, 424.
Navan, Irish town, XV. 742.
Navarino, Greek town,XV. 742—battle
of, X. 751; V. 572.
Navarre, in Spain, XV. 7 3—Moorish
kingdom of, XX. 495, 497—conquered
by Ferdinand, 499.
. (Martin), XV. 744.
Nave, in architecture, XV. 744.
Navel chord, II. 827.
Navicella, mollusca, XV. 364.
Navicular disease in horses, XXI. 619.
Navigation, XV. 745—use of the ba¬
rometer in, IV. 394—dilection and
velocity of currents, VII. 552 —
expeditious methods for obtaining the
resulting motion in complicated cases,
VIII. 362—its obligations to natural
philosophy, 573—action of wind on
ships, XVIII. 114—Phoenician navi¬
gation, XVII. 452—steam-navigation,
XX. 686. See Latitude, Longitude,
Resistance of Fluids, Seamanship.
Navigation (Inland), XVI. 1—dredg¬
ing, VIII. 193—modes of rendering
small rivers navigable, XIX. 290—in
America,' II. 614; XXI. 455-6, 469,
470—Asia, III. 678—Canada, VI. 58,
63—China, 580—the Elbe, VIII. 563
France, X. 172—the Ganges, IV. 568
—the Severn, XIX. 621—the Tigris,
IV. 279—the United States, XXI.
470—proposed navigation across the
American isthmus, II. 651; XVI.
201, 786. See Canals, Brindley
Navigation-laws, VII. 160, 122 ; V. 557.
Navigators’ Islands, in the Pacific
Ocean, XVI. 37; XVIII. 323.
Navy, XVI. 38—British, V. 440—pas¬
sion for enlarging it to excess, VII.
122—proposal to lay up ships in or¬
dinary on dry land, VIII. 78—dock¬
yards, ib.—Commissioners of the, 86,
87—Treasurer of the, 87—improved
discipline in the, XX. 58—Lord St
Vincent’s exposure ot abuses in the,
XXI. 652—mutiny in 1797, V. 481 ;
VIII. 277—Austrian, IV. 234—Da¬
nish, VII. 729—Egyptian, VIII. 504
—French, X. 509—Russian, XIX. 574
—Spanish, XX. 523—Turkish, XXI.
425—of the United States, 480. See
Dry Rot, Rank, Rates, Ship-building,
Timber.
Naxia, Greek island, XVI. 66.
Naxos, XVI. 66.
Nayades, in conchology, XV. 341.
Nayo, island, XVI. 66.
NaYres, XVI. 66; XL 398 ; XIV. 50.
Nazarenes, XVI. 66—the Apostles
first so called, VI. 620.
Nazareth, XVI. 66, 743.
Nazarite, XVI. 66.
Nazim, river, XVI. 67.
Nazook, Armenian lake, XVI. 67.
Neagh (Lough), in Ireland, XIII. 569 ;
III. 572 ; XII. 390 ; XVII. 523—its
navigation, XVI. 23.
Nealing. See Annealing.
Neamutserai, Afghan village, XVL.67.
Neap-Tides, XVI. 67 ; XXI. 259.
Neaped, XVI. 67.
Nearchus, XVI. 67—voyage of, III.
696; X. 391—fleet of, XX. 211.
NEA—NEG
Neas, island, XVI. 68.
Neath, XVI. 69—canal, 16.
Nebo, XV. 685.
Nebria, insect, IX. 132.
Nebuchadnezzar, XV. 685; XL 472
—his improvement of Babylon, IV.
266—his invasion of Egypt, VIII.
467.
Nebulie, IV. 47—in the cornea of the
eyes.of animals, XXI. 635.
Nebuly, in heraldry, XVI. 69.
Necessity, doctrine of, XVI. 69 ; XIV.
688 ; I. 268—maintained by Leibnitz,
128—-opinions of Locke, 143; Col¬
lins, 148, 265 ; Baron de Grinim and
M. Diderot, 150, 270; Hobbes, 268 ;
Edwards, 148, 341—schemes of, con¬
nected with atheism in modern phi¬
losophy, 266—argument for, drawn
from the divine prescience, 270—con¬
troversies on, VIII. 455., See Will.
 , in mythology, XVI. 09.
Necho, king of Egypt, XVI. 69 ; VIII.
467—voyage of, X. 389.
Neck, vertebrae of the, II. 760—muscles
of, 793—sprain of, in the domestic
animals, XXI. 618.
Necker (James), French statesman,
XVI. 70 ; X. 38, 39, 49, et seq., 122.
 — Isles, XV,I. 72.
Necrobia, insect, IX. 145.
Necrodes, insects, IX. 2 48.
Necrolium. in alchemy, XVI. 72.
Necrology, XVI. 72.
Necromancy, XVI. 72.
Necronhorus, insect, IX. 147.
Necropolis, in, Egypt, XVI. 7 3.
Necrosis, XVI. 73 ; XXI. 615.
Nectanibus, Egyptian king, XVI. 7 3.
Nectar, XVI. 7A.
Nectarine, a fruit, XVI. 73—culture
of, XI. 641.
Nectarinia, bird, XVI. 589.
Nectarium or Nectary of flowers, XVI,
73; III. 96; V. 42.
Necydalis, insectjlX. 179.
Nedjed, in Arabia, XVI. 74; III. 326.
Need (Mr) his improvements in cotton¬
spinning, VII. 407.
Needham (John Tuberville), XVI. 75—
on animalcules and mucor, III. 191
—on hieroglyphics, XI. 304, note 1.
NEEDHAM-MARKET.in Suffolk, XVI. 75.
Needle, XVI. 75.
 (Dipping), XVI. 76 ; VIII. 38 ;
XIII. 767, et seq.
  (Magnetic), XVI. 76; XIII.
685, et seq.—its form and construction,
764.
   (Astatic), XIII. 771.
Needles, in Isle of Wight, XVI. 76.
Needwood Forest, XVI. 76.
Neelab, Hindu town, XVI. 76.
Neelahcundah, XVI. 76.
Neelgound, Indian fortress, XVI. 76.
Neelgunge, Hindu town, XVI. 76.
Ne Exeat Regno, in law, XVI. 76.
Nefasti Dies, XVI. 76.
Negada, islands, XVI. 76.
Negapatam, in India, XVI. 77.
Negation, in logic, XVI. 77.
Negative, XVI. 77.
 — Electricity, VIII. 576, 578.
  — Sign, in Algebra, XVI. 77.
Neginoth, Hebrew term, XVI. 77.
Negombo, in Ceylon, XVI. 77.
Negrais Isle, XIV. 77.
Negroes, XVI. 78—of Abyssinia, II.
62—interior of Africa, 237—America,
II. 641, et seq.; 649—Barbary, IV.
364—Brazil, II. 641; V. 202—Buenos
Ayres, 654—Chili, VI. 537—Colombia,
VIII. 92—Jamaica, XII. 497—Moroc¬
co, XV. 509—Sierra Leone, XX. 330-1
—the United States, 11.647—probably
the aborigines of Africa, 223—supe¬
rior to the American Indians, 632—
first importation of, into America,
636—their extraordinary number in
Brazil, 641—their skin, 750, 751—
skull, 784—proportion of skull and
face, III. 7—complexion, VII. 190—
love of dancing, 613—insurrection in
INDEX
109
NEG—NER
St Domingo, VIII. 104 — language,
XIII. 94 — countenance, XIV. 198,
199—unknown to Europeans till seen
by the crusaders, XX. 383—Negro or
Ethiopian race of man, II. 709 : XIV.
200 ; XVII. 554, 697.
Negro-slavery, XX. 383. See Slavery.
Negko (Rio), river, XVI. 79 ; V. 198;
XV. 432 ; XVII. 524 ; XVIII. 5—its
connection with the river Amazon,
XVI. 537.
  (Rio), population of province of
that name, V. 202.
Negroland, XVI. 224.
Negropont, XVI. 79 ; IX. 390»
Negros, island, XVI. 80.
Negundo-tree, XVII. 787.
Neiiavend, Persian town, XVI. 80.
Nehemiah, prophet, XVI. 80.
Neiderseeters, German town, XVI. 81.
Neilgherry Hills, XVII. 503.
Neill (Dr P.). on the siren, XIX. 162.
Neilliese, in botany, V. 107.
Neilson (J. B.), his hot-blast furnace.
X. 559.; XX. 407.
Niesse, Prussian city, XVI. 81.
Neith, Egyptian deity, VIII. 552.
Neitra, in Hungary, XVI. 81.
Nejin, Russian city, XVI. 81.
Neleus, a custodier of Aristotle’s works,
III. 494.
Nelken, island, XIX. 590.
Neeson (Horatio Lord Viscount), XVI.
81—battle of Cape St Vincent, V.
481—battle of Aboukir, 485 ; VIII.
489 ; X. 109—attack on Copenhagen,
V. 501 ; VII. 724 ; X. 120—battle of
Trafalgar, V. 519—his passage through
Strait of Messina, XV. 698.
Nelumboneas, in botany. V. 96.
Nematocera, insects, IX 161.
Nematoidea, zoophytes, XXI. 997.
Nemea, in Argolis, XVI. 9'2.
Nemean Games, XVI. 92,
Nemesianus (Aurelius Olympius),Latin
poet, XVI. 92.
Nemesis, XVI. 92.
Nemesius, Greek philosopher, XVI. 93.
Nemi, lake, XVII. 523.
Nemognathus, insect, IX. 170.
Nemoptera, insects, IX. 212.
Nemosoma, insects, IX. 176.
Nemotelus, insect, IX. 271.
Nemoura, insect, IX. 214.
Nemours, French town, XVI. 93.
Nen, river, XL 757 ; XVI. 251—its na¬
vigation, XVI. 16.
Nenagh, Irish town, XVI. 93.
Nenia, funeral song, XVI. 93.
Neomania, Greek festival, XVI. 93.
Neophron, bird, XVI. 560.
Neophytes, XVI. 93.
Neo-Platonists, philosophical system of
the, XII. 505.
Neoptolemus, king of Epirus, IX. 312.
 farianus, antiquary, XII. 291.
Neots(St), English towns, XVI. 93.
Nepa, insect, IX. 199.
Nepaul, in Hindustan, XVI. 93—war
with the British, XI. 437.
Nepean Iseanp, XVI, 101.
  Point, on the coast of New
Holland, XVI. 101.
Nepentheae, in botany, V. 128.
Nepheliue, in mineralogy, XV. 152—
specific gravity of, XII. 33.
Nephelis, worm, XI. 226.
Nepheris, VI. 204—taken by the Ro¬
mans, 205.
Nephrite, in mineralogy, XV. 148.
Nephritis in animals, XXI. 628.
Nephrotoma, insect, IX. 261.
Nephthe, VIII. 553 ; XI. 321.
Nephthyt, worm, XI. 220.
Nepides, insects, IX. 198.
Nepomuk, Bohemian town, XVI. 101.
Nepos (Cornelius), XVI. 101.
 (Julius), emperor, XIX. 423.
Nepotianus (F. P.), VII. 272.
Neptune, XVI. 101 ; XIV. 330.
Neptune’s Isees, XVI. 102.
Nerac, in France, XVI. 102.
Neubcddah, river, XVI. 102.
NER—NEU
Nereids, sea-nymphs, XVI. 102.
Nereis, worm, XI. 220.
Nereus, marine deity, XVI. 102.
Nerita, in conchology, XV. 348.
Nero (Claudius Caesar), XVI. 102 —
reign of, XIX. 403—-his palace, 425
—his banqueting-house, IV. 352.
Nertschink, town in Asia, XVI. 103.
Nertshinskoi Mountains, XX. 326.
Nerva (M. Cocceius), Roman emperor,
XVI. 103—reign of, XIX. 406.
Nerves, XVI. 104—Aristotle and others
on the, II. 687, et seq.—anatomical
researches on the, 704—their struc¬
ture, 731; XVII. 060—ganglions, II.
'33 — plexuses, 734 — terminations,
<’35—diil'erent uses, ib.— of the eye,
800 ; ear, 802 ; tongue, 804 ; larynx,
806—-anatomy of the, 812—chemical
character of, VI. 504—necessary to
sensation, XIV. 603—decussation of,
XVII. 676—of sensation and motion,
ib. — respiratory, 677 — cutting of,
XXI. 634. See Nervous System.
Nervous diseases, infants subject to, XII.
271—in animals, XXI. 632.
 system of man, XVII. 579, 659;
XIV. 581—anatomy of, II. 806—of
brutes, III. 30; XVII. 702, etseq.;
XIV. 581—of the invertebrata, III.
172; Crustacea, VII. 498 ; insects,
IX. 76, 89; fishes, XII. 157; mol-
lusca, XV. 326, 350, et seq. ; zoo¬
phytes, XXI. 990—variations of, in
different animals, III. 163—animals
more intelligent the greater its per¬
fection, 165—not apparent in animal¬
cules, 182—effects of custom on the,
VII. 562—influence of its states on
the mind, VIII. 441 ; on various or¬
gans, XVII. 135; on digestion, 630;
on secretion, 652—symptoms of its
disease found in remote organs, 484.
See Brain, Nerves, Spinal Marrow.
 power, XVII. 593.
 substance, III. 158.
 temperament, XVII. 697.
 tissue, II. 731.
Nesa, in Tartary, XVI. 104.
Neshin, in Russia, XVI. 104.
Ness (Loch), XII. 334 ; XVII. 523—
never freezes, VI. 749—navigation of,
XVI. 10.
Nessus, fabled Centaur, XVI. 104.
Nests of ants, III. 242—edible, V. 138—
of birds; see Ornithology, passim.
Neston, in Cheshire, XVI. 104.
Nestor, Greek leader, XVI. 104—cha¬
racter of, XVIII. 150.
 , historian, XVI. 104.
Nestorians, Christian sect, XVI. 104.
Nestorius, XVI. 105.
Net, XVI. 105 ; XIX. 188.
Netherlands, XVI. 106—Duke of Al-
. va’s tyrannical proceedings in, II. 578
—manufacture of sal-ammoniac, 661
—war of independence, III. 596—
army, 611—disturbances in 1789, V.
457—conquered by the French in
1792, 465—commerce of, VII. 158—
French trade with, X. 189—history
of, XI. 509—variation of the needle
in, XIII. 733, 736—coins, XV. 407,
410—births, deaths, &c., 533—Fle¬
mish school of painting, III 648;
XVI. 721—the Reformation, XIX.
95—computation of tonnage of ships,
XXL 329—map of, XVI. PI. 380.
See Belgium.
Netopion, ointment, XVI. 144.
Netravutty, river, XVI. 144.
Nett weight, III. 555.
Nettings (ship’s), XVI. 144.
Nettle, prickle of the, III. 70.
Nettuno, XVII. 3.
Neu-Brandenburg, XVI. 144.
Neudorf, Hungarian city, XVI. 144.
Neufchateau, XVI. 145.
Neufchatel, in France, XVI. 145.
 , Swiss canton, XVI. 145; XVIII.
695—lake of, XXI. 46—manufactures
of, 49—education in, 50.
Neugradiska, in Hungary, XVI. 145.
NEU—NEW
Neuilly, centre employed for the bridge
of, VI. 286, 289.
Neuman’s burning-mirror, V. 735.
Neumann (C. A.), on pseudonymous
books, IV. 628.
Neuradese, in botany, V. 113.
Neuralgia, XVII. 484.
Neurilema, XVII. 660 ; II. 732—in the
foetus, 736.
Neurology. See Nervous System.
Neuroptera, insects, IX. 59, 208.
Neurotomy, XXI. 634.
Neusatz, Hungarian city, XVI. 145.
Neusol, Hungarian city, XVI. 145. ■
Neuss, Prussian city, XVI. 145.
Neustadt, Silesian city, XVL 145.
 —, Bavarian city, XVI. 145.
Neustadtl, XVI. 145.
Neuter, XVI. 145.
Neuterchenfeld, XVI. 146.
Neutitschein, Austrian city, X VI. 146.
Neutra-skms, X. 264, 266.
Neutrality (armed) of 1780, V. 415 ;
VII. 723.
Neuwied, in Prussia, XVI. 146.
Neva, Russian river, XVI. 146; IV.
330; XVII. 319 ; XIX. 565.
Nevers, in France, XVI. 146.
Nevis, island, XVI. 146.
 (Ben),XII. 334—snowon, VI. 755
•—electrical phenomena on, VIII. 620.
Nevyn, Welsh town, XVI. 146.
New Abbey, in Kildare, XVI. 146.
New Albany, in Indiana, XII. 266.
New Albion, II. 384.
New Amsterdam, IV. 579.
New Archangel, II. 648 ; XIX. 590.
New Bedford, XVI. 147 ; XIV. 305.
New Biscay, VIII. 287.
New Britain, V. 585; IV. 212.
New Brunswick, British American pro¬
vince, XVI. 147—weights and mea¬
sures of, XXL 854.
  , in New Jersey, XII. 543.
New Buckenham, in Norfolk, V. 634.
New Caledonia, IV. 214 ; XVI. 526.
New England, XXI. 451, n. 3—settle¬
ment of, XIV. 306—persecution of
Quakers in, XVIII. 770—prosecutions
for witchcraft in, XXI. 908.
New Forest, XVI. 157 ; XI. 128.
New Galloway, XVI. 163.
New Granada, XXL 592—weights and
measures of, 854.
New Guinea, IV. 210 ; XVII. 48.
New Hampshire, XVI. 163, 156—
canals in, 24 ; XXI. 470.
New Hanover, XI 140.
New Haven, American city, XVI. 166
—Yale College of, VII. 263.
New Hebrides, XI. 204 ; IV. 213.
New Holland, IV. 208-—history of
discovery in, 204 ; VII. 297 ; X. 402
—botany of, V. 76—emigration to,
VIII. 688, 689—insects of, IX. 103-
serpents of, XX. 133, 134, 137.
New Inn, London, XII. 282.
New Ireland, XII. 427 ; IV. 212.
New Jersey, XII. 542—canals in, XVI.
25 ; XXI. 471—railroads, 473.
New Lanark, XIII. 50.
New Leon, in Mexico, XIV. 818.
New London, in Connecticut, XVI.
166; XIII. 550; XII. 591.
New Madrid, in Missouri, XV. 304.
New Mexico, XIV. 820.
New Orleans, XIII. 573—British at¬
tempt on, in 1814, V. 538—founda¬
tions of buildings in, 664.
New Providence, IV. 283.
New River, XI. 284.
New Ross, in Wexford, XVI. 167.
New South Wales, XXI. 711—penal
colonyof, VII. 116—wool of, XXI.932.
New Year’s Gifts, XVI. 182.
New York, American state, XVI. 182
—canals in, XVI. 24; XXL 470—
railroads, 473—stocks and bonds, 479
—New York city, XVI. 194.
New Zealand, XXI. 975; IV. 215—
cannibalism in III. 249—botany of,
V. 78—Captain Cook’s visits to, VII.
296, 299, 301. See next article.
NEW
New Zealand flax, XXL 823, 720.
New Zealand Association and Company,
XXL 978.
Newark, town in Nottinghamshire,
XVI. 146—battle of, V. 326.
 , town in New Jersey, XVI. 147 ;
XII. 543.
Newars of Nepaul, XVI. 96, 98.
Newbald Cape, XVI. 147.
Newbern, in N. Carolina, XVI. 147.
Newborough, Welsh town, XVI. 147.
Newburgh, in Fifeshire, XVI. 150.
Newburn-upon-Tyne, battle of, V. 317.
Newbury, town in Berkshire, XVI. 150
—battle of, V. 324.
 -, in Massachusetts, XIV. 305.
Newcastle, Welsh town, XVL 150.
 , Irish town, XVI. 150.
  (Duchess of). See Cavendish
(Margaret).
Newcastle-under-Line, in Stafford¬
shire. XVI. 150—canal, 16.
Newcastle-upon-Tyne, XVI. 151—im¬
proved system of working and venti¬
lating collieries at, VII. 83—the
Ouseburn bridge at, XX. 377.
Newcomen (Thomas), his steam-engine,
XX. 623, 635; X. 554.
Newel, Russian circle, XVI. 155.
 , in architecture, III. 468.
Newenham (Mr), on the Irish corn-laws,
VII. 343—on the effect of the Irish
cottage-system, 390.
Newent, in Gloucester, XVL 157.
Newfoundland, XVI 158—discovered
by the Norwegians. II. 635; by the
Icelanders, XII. 14 3; by Cabot, XVIII.
216—fisheries of, VIII. 770 ; IX. 605
—attempt to deprive the New Eng¬
landers of fishery, V. 403—fog on the
Banks of, XVII. 535—weights and
measures of, XXI 854.
Newgate, XIII. 528 ; XVIII. 585.
Newhaven, in Sussex, XVL 166.
 , Scotch village, XVI. 166—ferry
at, IX. 767.
Newington, in Surrey, XVI. 166.
 (Stoke), in Middlesex, XVI. 166
Newman’s blowpipe. IV. 715.
Newmills, in Ayrshire, XVL 166.
Newnham (Mr), V. 443.
Newport, in Cornwall, XVI. 167.
—  , in Salop, XVI. 167.
 , in Kentucky, XII. 699.
 , in Pembroke, XVI. 167.
  , in Monmouth, XVL 167.
  —, in Isle of Wight, XVL 167.
 , in Rhode Island, XIX. 223.
Newport-Pagnell, town in Bucking¬
hamshire, XVI. 167—Canal, ib.
Newry, Irish town, XVI. 167; VIII.
134—navigation, XVI. 23.
Newsham’s fire-engine, XII. 100.
Newspapers, XVI. 167—paper for,XVII.
19—conveyance of, by post, XVIII.
489—of Buenos Ayres, V. 655 Glas¬
gow, X. 545 ; India, XI. 465 Nor¬
way, XVI- 273 ; and Turkey, XXL
426—Roman Acta Diurna, II. 130—
Pekin Gazette, VI. 552 — Egyptian
Moniteur, V1TI. 529 — New Zealand
Gazette, XXL 980.
Newton, in Lancashire, XVL 175.
 , in Isle of Wight, XVI. 175.
—-——j in Montgomeryshire, XVI. 175.
 Bushel, Devonshire, XVI. 175.
 (Adam), VII. 545.
 (Sir Isaac), XVI. 175—remarks
on some queries of, I. 69—effects of
his discoveries, 140—his contribu¬
tions to metaphysics, ib.; to optics,
I. 545, et seq., 631, 472 ; II. 29 ; VI,
632 ; XIII. 331, ei seq. ,■ XVI. 361,
403, 427, 429, 434 446, 510 ; to as¬
tronomy, I. 560-2; III. 743; to ma¬
thematics, XIV. 318, 321—state of the
sciences when he appeared-, I. 518—
problem of quadrature of circle ib.—
binomial theorem, ib.—his discovery
of fluxions, 519, et seq.; IX. 632—his
controversy with Leibnitz. I. 520;
XIV. 318, 321 ; VIII. 377—his works
on the new analysis, I. 530—his tract
110
INDEX,
NEW—NIC
on the quadrature of curves, I. 531—
his book of Fluxions, ib.—discoveries
contained in his Principia, 536—cha¬
racter of that work, 139 ; X. 430; XIV.
319, 352—-character of his Optics,
II. 99 ; I. 139—his discovery of gravi¬
tation, 554, et seq. ; IV. 175—on the
causes of tlie irregularity of the moon’s
motion, I. 560 — determined mean
quantity of retrogradatiou of line of
moon’s nodes, ib.—on the precession
Of the equinoxes, 562—his philoso¬
phy has received repeated improve¬
ments, all confirming its truth, 563—
on the tides, 563-4 ; XXI. 260—on
orbits of comets, I. 565 ; VII. 137—
on the nature of gravity, I. 568—com¬
pared with Leibnitz, 571—his ther¬
mometer, 641; IV. 393; XXI. 237
—his theory of the moon, I. 663—
his telescope, II. 99 ; XVI. 360 ; XXI.
148—his optical errors, II. 100—his
theory of sound, 115—on sether, 198 ;
XIV. 532—his formula of the chords
of multiple arcs, 493—on the history
and chronology of Antssns, III. 245
—his attempt to solve a problem of
Apollonius, 289—on comets, IV. 40
—on the gradation of the atmosphe¬
ric density, 398 — his burning-mir¬
rors, V. 735—on chemical attraction,
VI. 356—Dr Clarke’s Latin transla¬
tion of his Optics, 729—on the coin¬
age, VII. 37 — on halos, 372 — on
crystallization. 506—his obligations
to Dr Barrow, VIII. 377—Leibnitz’s
envious detraction of, ib.—his inverse
problem of centripetal forces, 384—on
electricity, 566—on the earth’s figure,
I. 561; IX. 547; XVII. 498—on pro¬
jectiles, XI. 43—on hydrodynamics,
XII. 3, 52, 76, 82 ; XIX. 257 —
his correspondence with Locke, I.
118; XlII. 413—his temper pertur¬
bable, ib.,n.— his mental aberrations,
413, 414—on magnetism, 687—on
the lever, XIV. 360—his reflecting
microscope, XV. 41—on the source of
planetary motion, 574—on the at¬
traction of mountains, 583—com¬
pared with Aristotle, XVII. 435—
his rules of philosophizing, 441-2—his
definition of fluid, 567 —on pneuma¬
tics, XVIII. 102, 113, 115, 117, 118
—on the resistance to railing bodies,
645—on measure of force, 780—on
the resistance, of fluids, XIX. 165—
his demonstration of the 28th lemma
of the first Book of his Principia,
XX. 554—on moving forces, 565—on
cohesion, 751—on the alternate at¬
traction and repulsion of light by
bodies, 752. See Newtonian Philo¬
sophy.
Newton (Thomas), bishop, XVI. 181.
Newton’s metal, IV. 653.
Newton-Stew art,in Wigtonshire, XVI.
182 ; XXI. 883.
Newton-upon-Ayr, IV. 258; III. 258.
Newtonian Philosophy, XVI. 181—
slow reception of, 1.566—first publicly
taught in Scotland, 567, 249 —its
progress in France, 567, 576; in Eng¬
land, 576-7—Dr Clarke’s mode of in¬
troducing it at Cambridge, VI. 728.
See Dynamics, Gravitation, Newton.
Newts, XIX. 159.
Newtyle railway, VIII. 281.
Newty Fort, in Hindustan, XVI. 182.
Nexi, XVI. 197.
Ney (Michel), XVI. 197; X. 159, 160.
Neyer, in Hindustan, XVI. 198.
Ngiianchan, XVI. 198.
Nganlo, Chinese town, XVI. 198.
Ngola, III. 151.
Nhing-Koue, in China, XVI. 198.
Niagara, river, XVI. 198 — falls of,
199 ; VI. 59 ; XVII. 522, 524, 525.
Niagur, Hindu town, XVI. 199.
Nias, or Neas Isle, XVI. 68.
Nicaise of’Malines, IV. 700.
Nicander, physician, XVI. 199.
 , JEtolian pretor, II. 599.
NIC—NIE
Nicander (H.), on mortality in Sweden,
XV. 518, 547.
Nicandro (St), in Naples, XVI. 200.
Nicaragua, American state, XVI. 200 ;
XI. 17, 19—lake, II. 651.
Nicaria, island, XVI. 202.
Nicastro, in Naples, XVI. 202.
Nice, XVI. 202.
 (Council of), XIX. 416—on the'
celebration of Easter, VI. 8.
Nicephorus (Calistus), XVI. 202.
 — (Gregoras), XVI. 202.
 , Roman emperor, VII. 282.
Niceron (John Francis), XVI. 202.
-* (John Peter), XVI. 203.
Nicetas (David), XVI. 203.
 (Achominates), XVI. 203.
 , astronomer, III. 728.
Niche, in architecture, III. 462, 468.
Nicholas I., of Russia, XIX. 562.
 , Sicilian diver, VIII. 60.
Nichols (Frank), physician, XVI. 203.
Nicholsburg, Moravian city, XVI. 204.
Nicholson (Margaret), hei attempt to
assassinate George III., V. 442.
 (P.), his project for the employ¬
ment of iron in roofs, VI. 169—on
carpentry, XII. 605.
 (William), his printing-machine,
XVIII. 570.
Nicholson’s aneometer. III. 371—spin¬
ning condenser of electricity, VIII.
651—revolving doubler, 652—hydro¬
meter, XII. 23—galvanic experiments,
XXI. 678.
Nicias, Athenian statesman, XVI. 204;
IV. 157, 158.
 -, painter, XVI. 205 ; XVI. 704.
Nickel, VI. 408—its alloy with copper,
416 ; with iron, VII. 566—salts of
protoxide of, VI. 449—specific gravity
of, XII. 33—magnetism of, XIII.
708.
Nickeline, specific gravity of, XII. 33.
Nickel-Pyrites, XV. 166.
Nicobar Islands, XVI. 205 — bread¬
fruit of the, V. 213-14.
Nicodamus, II. 599.
Nicodemus, XVI. 206.
Nicol’s prism, XVI. 477.
Nicolai’s spectral illusions, III. 303.
Nicolaiev, XVI. 206; IV. 660.
Nicolaitans, heretics, XVI. 206.
Nicolas (St), in Flanders, XVI. 206.
  St), island, XVI. 206.
Nicole (Peter), theologian, XVI. 207.
 on the quadrature of the circle,
XX. 554.
Nicolson (Bishop), his character of Sir
Thomas Craig, VII. 443, n. 1.
Nicomachus, Greek painter, XVI. 704.
Nicomedes, Bithynian kings, XVI. 208 ;
VI. 126 ; XVIII. 349.
Nicomedia, in Bithynia, XVI. 208.
Nicomedus, geometer, XVI. 208; X.
126—the conchoid first proposed by,
III. 129.
Nicopolis, in Turkey, XVI. 208.
Nicosia, in Sicily, XVI. 208.
Nicot (John), XVI. 208.
Nicotera, in Naples, XVI. 208.
Nicotiana, XVI. 208. See Tobacco.
Nicotin, VI. 468.
Nictitating membrane, III. 25.
Niddci, XVI. 209.
Nidegh, Turkish town, XVI. 209.
Nidification, XVI. 209.
Nidjigul, Indian fortress, XVI. 209.
Nidus, XVI. 209.
Nidycavil, Indian village, XVI. 209.
Niebuhr (B. G.), historian, XVI. 209—
on the Etruscans, IX. 384—his Ro¬
man History, XI. 499 ; XII. 293—
his literary discoveries at Verona,
XVI. 767-8—on the Pelasgians, XVII.
178.
 (Carsten), traveller, XVI. 209—
on Arabia, III. 325, et seq.
Niece, XVI. 217.
Niemen, Polish river, XVI. 217; XVIII.
690; XIX. 566.
Nieper, Polish river, XVI. 217 ; IV.
660 ; XIX. 564.
NIE—NIT
Niester,.river, XVI. 217 ; XIX. 564—
mouth of the, IV. 660.
Nieuport, in Flanders, XVI. 217 —
battle of, XVI. 115.
Nieuwentyt, his opposition to the geo¬
metry of New'ton, I. 533 ; IX. 637.
Nievre, in France, XVI. 218.
Niger, river, XVI. 218 — course and
termination of, II. 238 ; IV. 402 —
hypothesis of its connection with the
Nile, VIII. 512—expeditions of dis¬
covery to the, X. 403.
 (Pescennius), XIX. 409.
Night, XVI. 223—nocturnal birds, 565.
Night-mare, or incubus, VIII. 189.
Nightingale, XVI. 576.
Night-watching, XVI. 223.
Nightshade (deadly), poisonous quality
of, XVIII. 177.
Nigidius Figulus (Publius), Roman
author, XVI. 224.
Nigrine, XV, 160—specific gravity of,
XII. 33.
Nigritia, or Soudan, XVI. 224.
Nijibabad, Hindu town, XVI. 224.
Nikolajew. See Nicolaiev.
Nikolsk, in Russia, XVI. 224.
Nikolskoi, Russian town, XVI. 224.
Nilcund, Hindu town, XVI. 224.
Nilcundah, Hindu town, XVI. 224.
Nile, river, XVI. 225; II. 239; HI.
675 ; VIII. 512, 458 ; IX. 379 ; XVI.
293; XIX. 252; XX. 95—its source,
II. 49, 220—its annual overflowings,
230 ; VIII. 513; XVII. 525 —canal
of ihe, II. <413—Bruce’s journey to
discover source of the, V. 606—battle
of the, 485; VIII. 489 ; X. 109 ; XVI.
86—Is lower Egypt its gift ? VIII. 507
—festival at its overflow, 529 — its
fertilizing mud, XII. 454—its naviga¬
tion, XVI 2.
Nilio, insect, IX. 165.
Nilometer, XVI. 229 ; VIII. 509, 514 ;
664.
Nilson on Swedish birds, XVI. 550.
Nilus, VIII. 554 ; XI. 321, 328.
Nimbus, circle on medals, XVI. 229.
 , cloud, XVII. 534.
Nimetulahites, XVI. 2’29.
Nimrod, son of Cush, XVI. 229 III.
717; XVII. 358; XX. 381.
“ Nimrod ” on horses, XI. 598, et seq.—,
on riding, 608—on hunting, 747.
Nimwegen, XVI. 230.
Nine, XVI. 230.
Nine Islands, XVI. 230.
Nineveh, XVI. 230; XVI. 310—his¬
tory of, III. 684—foundation of,
XVII. 358.
Ningpo, Chinese city, XVI. 231.
Ninian (St), XVI. 231; XXI. 876.
Ninians (St), village in Stirlingshire,
XVI. 231.
Ninon de L’Enclos, XVI. 231.
Ninus, king of Assyria, XVI. 231 ; III.
717 ; XVII. 359.
Nio, island, XVI. 231.
Niobe, XVI. 231.
Nions in France, XVI. 231.
Niort in France, XVI. 232.
Niphon, island, XVI. 232; XII. 510.
 , fish, XII. 168.
Nippers, XVI. 232.
Nipples, II. 827.
Nirgua, Colombian city, XVI. 232.
Nirmul, Hindu town, XVI. 232.
Nisan, Hebrew month, XVI. 232.
Nishapoiir, Persian city, XVI. 232.
Nisheoorod, in Russia, XVI. 232 
fair of, IX. 477 ; XIX. 576.
Nisibin, Persian village, XVI. 233.
Nisi Prius, in law, XVI. 233.
Nismes, XVI. 233—Roman aqueduct
at. III. 320—cotton-manufacture of,
VII. 417.
Nisroch, Assyrian god, XVI. 233.
Nisus, bird, XVI. 563.
Nitela, insect, IX. 230.
Nith, Scotch river, VIII. 263; XVI. 233
-—its navigation, 16.
Nithsdale, XVI. 233.
Nitidula, insect, IX. 148.
NIT—NOE
Nitidulariae, insects, IX. 148.
Nitocris, XVI. 233.
Nitrarieae, in botany, V. 113.
Nitre. See Saltpetre.
Nitric acid, VI. 365—discovery of its
composition by Mr Cavendish, 262
—dts poisonous quality, XIV. 503.
 Ether, VI. 439.
   Oxide, a poison, XIV. 503.
Nitrogen, or azote, VI. 364—a compo¬
nent part of the atmosphere, IV. 134;
XVII. 531—its specific gravity, IV.
135—an essential part of the food of
animals, VIII. 18.
Nitroleucic acid, VI. 431.
Nitrosaccharic acid, VI. 431.
Nitrous acid, VI. 366.
  Oxide, XIV. 503—discovery of
its properties, IV. 515; VII. 638—its
intoxicating quality, VIII. 217—its
effect on the spectrum, XVI. 425.
Nitsch (F. A.), his account of Kant’s
views regarding free will, I. 196.
Nivelledela Chaussee (PeterClaude),
French poet, XVI. 2.33.
Nivelles, in Belgium, XVI. 233.
Nivernais, canal of, XVI. 6.
Nizamee, Persian poet, XVII. 253.
Nizampatam. XVI. 23-3.
Nizolius (Marius), his revolt against the
authority of Aristotle, I. 25.
Nizza della Paglia, XVI. 233.
No, Egyptian city, XVI. 233.
Noacote, Hindu town, XVI. 234.
Noah, XVI 234 ; XI. 470—his Ark,
III. 567—Bryant on, VII, 691—dis¬
persion of his posterity, VIII. 42—-
language used by, XVII. 355. See
Deluge.
Noailles (Marechal de), V. 87,91.
Noanagur, XVI. 234.
Noath, vitrified fort on, IX. 756, 761.
Nob, city of Benjamin, XVI. 234.
Noba, island, XVI. 235.
Nobah, in Palestine, XVI. 235.
Nobili’s experiments on metallic colours
produced by voltaic currents, XXI.
680—his electro-magnetic multiplier,
688—on thermo-electricity, 696.
Nobiliary, XVI. 235.
Nobility, XVI. 235—Aristotle on, HI.
526, n. 4.
Noble (M. le), his employment of the
magnet in medicine, XIV. 3.
 , coin, XVI 236.
Noble’s pump, XII. 98.
Nobles, XVI. 236—effect of the Cru¬
sades on the, VII. 492.
Nobreja, a Jesuit, V. 190.
Nocera de Pagani, city, XVI. 236.
Noctambuli, XVI. 236.
Noctilio, in zoology, XIV. 100.
Noctiluca, akind of phosphorus, XVI.
236—zoophyte, XXI. 1018.
Noctua, bird, XVI. 566.
 , insect, IX. 249.
Noctuselites, insects, IX 248.
Nocturna, insects, IX. 244.
Nocturnal, XVI. 236—birds, 655.
Nod (Land of), XVI. 237.
Nodated Hyperbola, XVI. 237.
Noddy, bird, XVI. 633.
Nodes, XVI. 237 ; III. 765—of the
moon’s orbit, 786—of the planetary
orbits, IV. 19, 58.
Nodi,in botany, V. 33.
Nodier, novels of, XIX. 355.
Nodus, in dialling, XVI. 237.
Noel’s attack on Pascal, IV. 386.
Noesa Baron, island, XVI. 237.
 Cambaz, island, XVI. 237.
  Laoer, island, XVI. 237.
 Nessing, island, XVI. 237
Noetians, heretics, XVI. 237.
Nogarcote, Hindu town, XVI. 237.
Nogent Le Rotrou, arrondissement
in France, XVI. 237.
 Sor Seine, in France, XVI. 237. .
—centre for the bridge of, VI. 285.
Noirmoutier, island, XVI. 237.
Noja, city of Naples, XVI. 237.
Nojmoddin, caliph of Egypt, VIII. 483.
Nola, XVI. 237—battle of, VI. 209
INDEX
111
NOL—NOR
Nolle Prosequi, XVI. 237.
Nollekens (Joseph), XVI. 237—charac¬
ter of his sculpture, XX. 9.
Nollet (Jean Antoine), XVI. 239; I.
618—his controversy with Franklin,
V. 290—on electricity, VIII. 569, 639.
Nomada, insect, IX. 234.
Nomades, XVI. 240,
Nomarcha, XVI. 240.
Nombril Point, in heraldry, XVI. 240.
Nome, in algebra, XVI. 240.
Nomenclators, XVI. 240.
Nomenclature, XVI. 240—of ana¬
tomy, IV. 378—of botany, V. 58—of
chemistry, VI. 350.
Nomeus, fish, XII. 186. *
Nomia, insect, IX. 232.
Nominalists, XVI. 240 ; I. 312,
Nominative Case, XVI. 241; X. 643.
Nomophylaces of Athens, IV. 167.
Nomothetes of Athens, IV. 167.
Nona, Dalmatian city, XVI. 241.
Nonage, in law, XVI. 241.
Nonagesimal Degree, XVI. 241.
Nonagon, XVI. 241.
Non-conductors, electrical, VIII, 580.
Nonconformists, XVI. 241. See Dis¬
senters, Seceders.
Non-naturals, XVI. 241.
Non-obstante, XVI. 241.
Non-suit, in law, XVI. 241.
Nones, XVI. 241; VI. 4.
Nonius, XVI. 242.
  (Peter), or Pedro Nunez, XVI.
242; III. 738; X. 429.
Nonjurors, XVI. 242.
Nonnosus, notice of his travels in Abys¬
sinia, II. 53.
Nonnus, Greek poet, XVI. 242.
Nonpareil type, XXI. 436.
Noogoo, island, XVI. 242.
Noogoonamo, island, XVI. 242.
Nooheva, island, XVI. 242.
Nooldroog, Hindu city, XVI. 242.
Noontal, in Hindustan, XVI. 242.
Noopore, Hindu town, XVI. 242.
Noorabad, Hindu town, XVI. 242.
Noornagur, town and district in Ben¬
gal, XVI. 242.
Noorpeelt, Hindu town, XVI. 242.
Noorri, Hindu village, XVI. 242.
Nooshirvan, king of Persia, XVII. 261.
Nootka, island, XVI. 242.
■  Sound, XVI. 242—-dispute be¬
tween Britain and Spain about, V.
457—fur-trade of, X. 261.
Nord, in France, XVI. 242.
  (Cotes du), a department of
France, XVI. 243.
Nordbottens, XVI. 243.
Norden (Frederick Louis), XVI. 243.
• (Sir J.), on agriculture, II. 257.
 , town in Hanover, XVI. 243.
Nordhausen, Prussian city, XVI. 243.
Nordkceping, XVI. 248 ; IV. 327.
Nordland, in Norway, XVI. 243.
Nordlingen, Bavarian city, XVI. 243.
Nore, mutiny at the, V. 481; VIII. 276.
  river navigation, XVI. 23.
Nores (Jason de), XVI. 243.
Norfolk, English county, XVI. 244
—sheep of, II. 329—fisheries of, IX.
602. Walsham, &c., canal, XVI. 16.
  , in Virginia, XVI. 246.
  Island, XVI. 246 ; XXI. 712.
 Sound, XVI. 246.
Norham, in Durham, XVI. 246.
Noria, hydraulic machine, XVI. 247.
Noric Alps, II. 559; XII. 252.
Noricum, Roman province, XVI. 247.
Noris (Henry), XVI. 247.
Norland, Swedish province, XVI. 248.
Norlands, Highland cattle, II. 324.
Norman Characters, XVI. 248.
 Architecture, XIX. 441.
 Roof, XIX. 456.
Norman-Gothic architecture, III. 454.
Normandy, cotton-manufacture of, VII.
417—invaded by Henry I., VIII. 715.
Normans, XVI. 248. See Danes, Nor¬
wegians.
Norris (Sir John), XX. 227.
Nurrkopino, XVI. 248; IV. 327.
V
NOR—NOS
Norse language, VII. 729 ; XVII. 415.
North, XVI. 248.
 (Dudlet, Lord), senior, XVI.
248.
 (Dudley, Lord), junior, son of
the preceding, XVI. 248—on political
economy, XVIII. 265.
 — (Francis), Lord Guildford,
keeper of the great seal, XVI. 248.
  (Frederick), Lord Guildford,
XVI. 248—his administration, V. 398,
 Point Isles, XVI. 249.
 Point Islet, XVI. 249.
 Rocks, XVI, 249.
  Cape, XVI. 249 ; XIII. 112.
—   Foreland, XVI. 249.
 Island, XVI. 249.
 Walsham and Dilham Canal, in
Norfolk, XVI. 16.
Northallerton, XVI. 249.
Northampton, English town, XVI. 249.
 , town in Massachusetts, XVI.
250; XIV. 305.
Northamptonshire, XVI. 250—Lei¬
cestershire Union Canal, XVI. 15.
Northcote (James), painter, XVI. 251
—character of his works, 727.
Northern Lights. See Aurora Borealis.
Northfleet, in Kent, XVI. 253—pro¬
posed dockyard on, VIII. 79.
Northleach, in Gloucester, XVI. 253.
Northmore (Mr), his plan of a univer¬
sal character, VI. 321.
Northumberland, an English county,
XVI. 253.
—   (Duke of). See Dudley.
 Islands, XVI. 255.
 Straits, XVI. 255.
North-East Passage to the East In¬
dies, XVI. 255; XVIII. 215, et seq.
North-West Passage to the Pacific
Ocean, XVI. 255 ; XVIII. 215, et seq.
—voyages in search of the, X. 401.
North-West Territory, XVI. 255.
North-West Company, VI. 63 ; VII.
184 ; X. 261, 264—their hostility to
Lord Selkirk’s colony, VIII. 691—
their settlements in Oregon Terri¬
tory, XXI. 452.
Northwich, in Cheshire, XVI. 256—
salt-mines of, VI. 510.
Norton, in Cheshire, XVI. 257.
Norton’s Sound, XVI. 257.
Norvel’s rope-machine, XIX. 469.
Norway, XVI. 257—Baltic coast of,
IV. 326—its disjunction from Den¬
mark, V. 536, 535—union with Den¬
mark and Sweden, VII. 721—ceded
by Denmark to Sweden, 724—law of,
XII. 651—language, XIII. 85; VII.
729—variation of the needle, XIII.
733, 736—elevation of bed of the sea,
XV. 218—mines, XV. 251, et seq.—
mortality, 520—birds, XVI. 550—
heights of mountains, XVII. 505—
prisons, XVIII. 584—religion, XIX,
315—wars with Sweden, XXI. 13, et
seq.—annexed to Sweden, 29—soil of,
ib.—computation of tonnage of ships,
329—weights and measures, XXI.
854—map of, XXL PI. 492.
 haddock, XII. 174.
Norwegians, their discovery of America,
II. 635; and Greenland, X. 755—in¬
vasions of France, X. 9, et seq. ; of
the Hebrides, XI. 202 ; of England,
VIII. 708 ; of Scotland, XIX. 708—
naval enterprise, XX. 212—were the
first settlers of Iceland, XII. 142—
Norse language, VII. 729—no vestige
of that language in the Isle of Man,
&c., XVII. 415. See Danes, Nor¬
mans.
Norwich, XVI. 274—-study of botany
at, V. 83—navigation to Lowestoft,
XVI. 16.
Norwood (Richard), measurement of an
arc of the meridian by, I. 502—on
navigation, XV. 749.
Nose, XVI. 277 ; II. 797 ; XVII. 664-
bone of the, II. 777—cavities, 785—
muscles, 794 —in brutes. III. 21;
XVII. 703, et seq.—mucus of the, VI.
NOS—NUC
497—surgical restoration and dimi¬
nution of the, XX. 845—diseases of,
in the domestic animals, XXI. 629.
Noseman on birds, XVI. 549.
Nosography, XIV. 520.
Nosology, XVI. 277; XIV. 520.
Noss, island, XXI. 986.
Nostoch, XVI, 277.
Nostradamus (Michael), XVI. 278.
Nostrils, II. 797.
Notables (Assembly of), X. 41, et seq.
Notje, XVI. 279.
Notarii, XVI. 279.
Notary, XVI. 279.
Notation, XVI. 279, 301; III. 542—
Arabic, an acquisition from the East,
I. 440—in algebra, II. 427—in arith¬
metic, III. 542—of decimal fractions,
559—mechanical, XIV. 444—trigo¬
nometrical, XXL 370.
Notching, in carpentry, V. 683.
Note, XVI. 279—in music, ib. See
Bank-note, Bill of Exchange.
Noth, vitrified fort on, IX. 756, 761.
Nothus, XVI. 279—insect, IX. 167.
Notidanus, fish, XII. 233.
Notion, XVI-. 280; XIV. 600. See
Idea.
Notiophila, insect, IX. 289.
Notitia, XVI, 280.
Noto, Sicilian city, XVI. 280 ; XV. 702.
 (Val di), in Sicily, XVI. 280.
Notocanthus, fish, XII. 186.
Notodonta, insect, IX. 248.
Notonecta, insect, IX. 200.
Notonectides, insects, IX. 200.
Notopoda, Crustacea, VII. 501.
Notopterus, fish, XII. 215.
Notoxus, insect, IX. 168.
Nottingham, English town, XVI. 280
—lace-manufacture, VII. 410 ; XIII.
6—canal, XVI. 17.
Nottinghamshire, XVI. 282.
Noue (La), on chivalry, VI. 615.
Nouns, X. 640, 683.
Novaia, Russian town, XVI. 283.
No van tee, VI. 1.
Novara, in Piedmont, XVI. 283.
Nova Scotia, XVI. 284—baronets of,
IV. 403—war between Britain and
France concerning, V. 383—weights
and measures of, XXI. 854.
Novatian, XVI. 289.
Novatians, XVI. 289 ; XII. 260.
Novation, in civil law, XVI. 289.
Novatus, XVI. 290.
Nova Zembla, XXI. 984.
Novel, in civil law, XVI. 291.
Novels, XVI. 290; XIX. 318, 334—ef¬
fects of novel-reading, IX. 541.
Novelty, XVI. 291.
November, gardening operations in, XI.
691.
Noyemviri, XVI. 291.
Noverre on the ballet, VII. 615.
Novi, XVI. 291—battle of, X. 113.
Novice, XVI. 291.
Noviciate, XVI. 291.
Novogorod. See Nowogorod.
Nowadah, Hindu town, XVI. 291.
Nowag ur, Hindu town, XVI. 291.
Nowed, in heraldry, XVI. 291.
Nowogorod, in Russia, XVI. 291, 292 ;
XIX. 532, et seq.
Nowogorod Sewersk, XVI. 292.
Nowosill, in Russia, XVI. 292.
Nowpoorah, Hindu town, XVI, 292.
Nox, in mythology, XVI. 292.
Nuayhas, or ague-tree, XVI. 292.
Nuba, XVI. 292.
Nubia, XVI. 292 ; IX. 380—temple of
Amada in, III. 415—mines of, VII,
159—history of, during the middle
ages, VIII. 557—Christianity in, ib.
—Belzoni’s and Burckhardt’s disco¬
veries in, 559—languages of, ib.
Nubian Desert, XVI. 298.
Nubians, II. 225, 230 ; IX. 376.
Nuck (A.), on the lacteals, II. 699.
Nuckergaut, Hindu town, XVI. 298.
Nucleus, XVI. 298.
 , in botany, V. 46, 47.
Nucta, XVI. 298.
NUC—NUX
Nucula, in botany, V. 49.
 , in conchology, XV. 343.
Nuculanium, in botany, V. 49.
Nucules nuculse, in botany, V. 47.
Nuddea, town in Bengal, XVI. 298.
Nuestra Senhora de Luz, XVI. 298.
Nuisance, XVI. 311; XIV. 495.
Nujengode, Hindu town, XVI. 299.
Nuldingah, Hindu town, XVI. 299.
Numa Pompilius, XVI. 299 ; XIX. 362.
Numantia, XVI. 299; XL 477, 478—
taken by the Romans, XIX. 388;
XX. 491—ruins of, 481.
Number, XVI. 299—philosophy of, XIV.
662—mystical properties of numbers,
III. 535—Chinese notion of virtue in
odd numbers, VI. 562—in grammar,
X. 661, 683—in poetry and oratory,
XVI. 301.
Numbers (Book of), XVI. 301.
Numenius, bird, XVI. 622.
Numeral Letters, XVI. 301.
  Characters, XVI. 301 ; VI.
323—Roman, III. 533—Chinese, 533;
XVII. 391—Greek, 398 ; III. 535—
denary or Arabic, 539 ; I. 440 ; II.
7, 21 ; XIV. 315.
Numeration, or Notation, in arithme¬
tic, XVI. 301, 279 ; III. 542.
Numerianus, reign of, XIX. 413.
Numerical, XVI. 302.
Numida, bird, XVI. 608.
Numidia, XVI. 302—conquered by the
Romans, XIX. 391.
Nuipidians, their horsemanship, XL 607
-—slavery among the, XX. 383.
Numismatics, III. 259—Roman, XII.
292-—numismatic inscriptions, 290
See Coins, Medals.
Numismatographia, XVI. 309.
Nummulites, XV. 345.
Nun, XVI. 309—river, 223.
Nuns, XVI. 309—confession of, by ab
besses, II. 12.
Nuncio, papal ambassador, XVI. 310.
Nuncoreus, XL 324.
Nuncupative, XVI. 310—Will, ib.
Nundabar, Hindu town, XVI. 310.
Nundaporam, Hindu town, XVI. 310.
Nundcomar, V. 450, 455.
Nundina, goddess, XVI. 310.
Nundinal Letters, XVI. 310.
Nundydroog, Hindu fortress, XVI 310
—capture of, V. 462.
Nunez (Pedro). See Nonius.
Nunia, in Irak Arabi, XVI. 310.
Nuptial Rites, XVI. 310. See Mar
riage.
Nuremberg, Bavarian city, XVI, 310
IV. 460—peace of, XIX. 91.
Nuroddin, VIII. 479.
Nurpoor, Hindu town, XVI. 310.
Nurrah, Hindu town, XVI. 310.
Nursery, in gardening, XVI. 310—cul
ture of trees in, XVII. 791.
Nursing of children, directions for
XVI. 310; XIV. 509.
Nusseen Khan, IV. 556.
Nusserabad, XVI. 311.
Nusseritabad, XVI. 311.
Nusserpoor, XVI. 311.
Nut, in botany, XVI. 311; V. 48, 49.
Nutation, XVI. 311; III. 767—dis¬
covery of, 745.
Nutbrook Canal, XVI. 17.
Nutcracker, bird, XVI. 585.
Nutgalls, VIII. 304 — tannin derived
from, VI. 481.
Nut-hatch, bird, XVI. 588.
Nuthuirs, Persian village, XVI. 311.
Nutmeg, XVI. 311—of New Holland,
IV. 210—of the Banda Islands, 340.
Nutmeg-tree, IV. 341; V. 66; XV. 655.
N utrition, XVI. 311—of animals, XVII.
581, 582, 618, 656—anatomy of or¬
gans of, IJ. 813—common to plants
and animals, III. 157—of animalcules,
182—of fishes, XII. 159—of plants,
XXL 570. See Aliment, Food, Diet¬
etics, Digestion.
Nuttall (Thomas), on American birds,
XVI. 553, 602, 606, 630.
Nux Vomica, XVI. 312—alkali in, VI.
112
INDEX
NUY—OBE
462—poisonous quality of, XIV. 506 ;
XVIII. 178—used for poisoning rats,
XXI. 600.
Nutts (Peter), XVI. 312—his discove¬
ries in New Holland, IV. 205, 206,
208.
Nutts’ Reefs, XVI. 312.
Nuzzer, XVI. 312.
Nyctagineae, in botany, V. 125.
Ntchthemeron, XVI. 312.
Ntctastrategi, XVI. 312.
Nyctelia, insect, IX. 163.
Nycteribia, insect, IX. 293.
Nycteris, in zoology, XIV. 101.
Nyctibius, bird, XVI. 579.
Nycticorax, bird, XVI. 619.
Nyctonoraus, in zoology, XIV. 100.
Ntiregthaza, XVI. 312.
Ntkoping, in Sweden, XVI. 312.
Ntlackt, island, XVI. 313.
Nyl-ghau, in zoology, XIV. 162.
Ntmph, XVI. 313.
Nymphee, in anatomy, II. 826.
NTMPHiEa, ancient structures, XVI, 313.
• , in botany, V. 89, re.
Nymphseaceae, in botany, V. 96.
Nymphalis, insect, IX. 242.
Nymphon, genus of arachnides, III. 366.
Ntsa, or Nyssa, XVI. 313.
Nysaea, IV. 160.
Nysseae, in botany, V. 128.
Nysson, insect, IX. 230.
Nyssones, insects, IX. 229.
Nysten on the aorta, II. 717.
0
O, letter, XVI. 314—interjection, ib.
Oak, XVI. 314; XVII. 780—British,
782—evergreen, 786 — Turkey, ib.—
Turner’s, ib. — live, ib. — different
species of, 790 ; XXI. 291—soil best
adapted for, 292—size attainable by,
293—American, 295—structure of its
trunk, III. 84 ; of its bark, 85—bud
of the, 91—reverenced by the Druids,
VIII. 204.
Oak-timber, XX. 273—specific gravity
of, XII. 33—its use in joinery, 618—
for the navy, XVI. 49—strength of,
XX. 773, 297—British, XXI. 289, et
seq.—different qualities of, according
to soil on which grown, 293—time for
felling, 294—measurement of, 297,
298—weight of seasoned and unsea¬
soned, 306, 308.
Oak-bark, its use in dyeing black, VIII.
328, m. 3 ; in tanning, XXI. 77.
Oak-Leaf Gales, XVI. 315.
Oaka, Hindu town, XVI. 315.
Oakham, XVI. 332—canal, 17.
Oakhampton, in Devon, XVI. 315.
Oakingham, in Berks, XVI. 315.
Cannes, XVI. 315.
 , Chaldaic legislator, XV. 679.
Oar, XVI. 315—duck-foot, XX. 687-8.
Oaristus, in Greek poetry, XVI. 315.
Oasis, XVI. 315—oases of the Sahara,
XIX. 612.
Oates (Titus), V. 348.
Oaths, XVI. 315—of allegiance, II. 520
—Arabian, III. 334—disregard of, in
trade, IV. 301—of calumny, VI. 29 —
coronation-oath, XII. 724. See Per¬
jury.
Oatmeal, absorbent property of, VII. 66.
Oats, culture and varieties of, II. 282—
germination of, III. 78—brewing from,
V. 231. See Corn-laws.
Oaxaca, Mexican city, XVI. 316—state,
XIV. 815.
Ob, XX. 155.
Oba, Persian town, XVI. 317.
Obadiah, XVI. 317.
Oban, in Argyleshire, XVI. 317.
Obdorsk, in Russia, XVI. 317.
Obe. See Obi.
Obedience, duty of, XV. 477.
Obelisks, XVI. 317—Egyptian, II. 412 ;
XI. 304, 339.
Obergleichen, German city, XVI, 317,
OBE—OCT
Obernat, French town, XVI. 317.
Obernik, Prussian town, XVI. 318.
Oberzo, Italian city, XVI. 318.
Obi, river, XVI. 318 ; XIX. 586.
Obicini (Thomas), XI. 312.
Obidos, in Portugal, XVI. 318.
Obit, funeral solemnity, XVI. 318.
Object, XVI. 318.
Objective, XVI. 318.
Oblate, XVI. 318.
Oblati, monks, XVI. 318.
Obligation, XVI. 318—in jurispru¬
dence, XII. 635 — moral, XV. 459,
et seq. See Ethical Philosophy.
Oblique Angle, XVI. 318—Cases—As¬
cension—^Circle—Descension—Line—
Planes—Sailing, ib.
Obliquus muscles, XVI. 318.
Oblong, XVI. 318.
Oboe, XV. 614.
Obojan, Russian city, XVI, 318.
Obolus, XVI. 318 ; XIV. 469.
Obreptitious, XVI. 318.
Obrium, insect, IX. 179.
Obscaia (Gulf of), XVI. 318.
Obscenity, its prevalence in the middle
ages, VI. 600.
Obscure, XVI. 318.
Obsecration, in rhetoric, XVI. 319.
Observation Island, XVI. 319,
Observatort, XVI. 319—establishment
of astronomical observatories, I. 500.
See Greenwich, &c.
 Island, XVI. 319.
Obsidian, in mineralogy, XV. 157—spe¬
cific gravity of, XII. 33.
Obsidionalis, XVI. 319.
Obstruction of bowels, VII. 562—in do¬
mestic animals, XXL 626.
Obt, island, XVI. 319.
Ocana, Spanish town, XVI. 319.
Occident, XVI. 319.
Occipital, XVI. 319.
  Bone, in man, II. 773—in the
mammalia, III. 5.
Occult, XVI. 319.
Occultation, XVI. 319—of planets
and stars by the moon, IV. 12—of
Jupiter’s satellites, 32.
Occupanct, in law, XVI. 319.
Ocean, XVI. 319 ; XVII. 500, 516-
southern colder than northern, II.
612—its influence on climate, III. 679;
XI. 196—its bed may be occupied by
air, XIV. 720—its depth, XV. 177.
See Physical Geography, Tides.
Oceanides, sea-nymphs, XVI. 319.
Oceanus, in mythology, XVI. 319.
Ocellus the Lucanian, a Pythagorean
philosopher, XVI. 319—on spiritual
essences, III. 294.
Ocelot, in zoology, XIV. 122.
Ochil Hills, in Scotland, VI. 720.
OCHLOCRACT, XVI. 319.
Ochnaceae, in botany, V. 105.
Ociirida, Greek town, XVI. 319.
Ochthera, insects, IX. 290.
Ochthiphila, insects, IX. 290.
Ochus, Persian king, XVI. 320.
Ockham (William of), doctrines held by,
I. 310-12—quoted on moral evil, 419.
Ocklet (Simon), XVI. 320.
Ockzakoff, XVI. 320 ; IV. 660—dis¬
pute in 1791 about, V. 459.
O’Clery (Michael), VIII. 114.
O’Connell (Daniel), V. 562 ; XII. 388—
elected member for Clare, V. 574, 577
—his progress through Ireland, 577
-—his anti-union agitation, 580.
Ocra, XVI. 320.
Ocrisia, in fable, XVI. 320.
Octaeteris, Greek cycle, XVI. 320.
Octagon, XVI. 320.
Octahedron, XVI. 320.
Octant, XVI. 320.
Octapla, XVI. 320.
Octateuch, XVI. 320.
Octave, in music, XVI. 320.
Octavia, XVI. 320.
Oct a vi an us or Octavius Caesar, after¬
wards Augustus. See Augustus.
October, XVI. 321—gardening opera*
tions in, XI. 691.
OCT—OGG
October Equus, XVI. 321.
Octogonotes, insects, IX. 184.
Octohedrite, specific gravity of, XII. 33.
Octopus, molluscum, XV. 353.
Octostyle, XVI. 321; III. 468.
Ocydromia, insect, IX. 269.
Ocypete, genus of arachnides, III. 369.
Ocypterae, insects, IX. 278.
Ocypterus, bird, XVI. 568.
Ocythoe, molluscum, XV. 354.
Oczakow. See Ockzakoff.
Oddly Odd, XVI. 321.
Ode, in poetry, XVI. 321.
Odenatus, prince of Palmyra, XVI.
321,775.
Odensee, Danish city, XVI. 321.
Oder, German river, XVI. 321; X. 483;
XVIII. 690.
Odessa, Russian city, XVI. 321—port
and trade of, IV. 660,662—corn-trade
of, VII. 364.
Odeum, theatre in ancient Athens, XVI.
323 ; IV. 125.
Odier (Monsieur) on the coverings of
insects, IX. 63.
 (Dr L.), on mortality at Geneva,
XV. 535.
Odiham, in Hants, XVI. 323.
Odin, XVI. 323; XV. 683; XX. 798.
Odo, VIII. 704.
Odoacer, X VI. 324; XII.464; XIX. 423.
Odocantha, insects, IX. 116.
Odometer, XVI. 324 ; II. 275, 354.
O’Donnel, Count del Abisbal, XX. 508-9.
Odontognathus, fish, XII. 215.
Odoriferous bodies, XVI. 324—effect
of electricity on, VIII. 636. See
Odours.
Odostomia, in conchology, XV. 347.
Odours, classification of, XVII. 664-
odour of flowers, XXL 582.
Odynerus, insect, IX. 231.
CEacides, king of,Epirus, IX. 312.
GicoNOMics, XVI. 324.
(Eeophora, insect, IX. 253.
Oecumenical, XVI. 324.
(Edalia, insect, IX. 269.
GEdemera, insect, IX. 167.
OEdemerites, insects, IX. 166.
Oedenburg, in Hungary, XVI. 324.
OEdicnemus, bird, XVI. 617.
GEdionychis, insect, IX. 184.
CEdipus, Theban king, XVI. 324.
Oegwa, African town, XVI. 324.
Oehringen, in Wirtemberg, XVI. 324.
Oeland, XVI. 324 ; IV. 328.
Oels, in Prussia, XVI. 324.
GEnopt*, censors, XVI. 325.
GErebro, in Sweden, XVI. 325.
Oerstedt (H.C.), VII. 731—on electro¬
magnetism, I, 624 ; VIII. 573, 637;
XXI. 683, 688—on the compressibility
of water, XII. 10; I. 607—on thermo¬
electricity, XXL 695, 697.
 (Andreas), VII. 731.
GEsophagotomy, XXI. 623.
CEsophagus, in man, II. 814—in brutes,
III. 35—diseases of, in the domestic
animals, XXI. 622.
GEstracides, insects, IX. 279.
GEstridse, in cattle, XXI. 627.
GEstrus, insect, IX. 279.
GEstrymnides, XL 372.
GEta, Thessalian Mountain, XVI. 325.
Oettingen, Bavarian city, XVI. 325.
Oeyras, town in Brazil, XVII. 734—
climate of, V. 200.
Open, or Buda, V. 636.
Offenbach, German city, XVl. 325.
Offenburg (Ernest Von), on mathema¬
tics, XIV. 322.
Offerings, Hebrew, XVI. 325.
Official, XVI. 325.
Officinal, XVI. 325.
Offing, in sea-language, XVI. 325.
Offer (Mr) his edition of Tyndale’s New
Testament, XXI. 434.
Ogan6,1V. 571. '
Ogee, in architecture, III. 468.
Ogeechee, river, X. 469.
Ogg (Mr), on the use of salt in prevent¬
ing dry-rot, VIII. 231.
Oghams, XVI. 325.
OGH—OLI
Ogive, in architecture, XVl. 325.
OGyges, XVI. 325 ; IV. 142.
Ohang Java, islands, XVL 325.
OheTeroa, island, XVI. 325.
Ohevahoa, island, XVL 325.
O’Higgins (Colonel), VI. 540, et seq.
Ohio, American state, XVI. 325—
canals in, 26; XXL 472 — bank¬
ing, 477, n.—state-bonds, 479.
 —-, river, XVI. 28, 331; XXI. 456
—valley of the, 451, 453—steamboats
on the, 469.
Ohittahoo, island, XVI. 331.
Ohrdruff, German city, XVL 331.
Oia, Russian river, XVI. 331.
Oich (Loch), navigation of, XVI. 10.
Oickel, river, XXI. 10.
Oidemia, bird, XVI. 636.
Oil, XVL 332—its use in manure, II,
303 ; in angling, III. 142, n. 1; in
destroying insects, XII. 294 ; in
lamps, XIII. 41; XX. 28; in greas¬
ing axles, XIV. 413, 417, 443; in
preserving timber, 274; VIII. 232;
in scaring vermin from sheep and
dogs, XXL 637—made in Brazil from
turtles’ eggs, V. 209—alimentary
qualities of, VIII. 20 ; XVII. 625-
surface of water calmed by, VIII. 61—
imports of, into the United Kingdom,
784—filtering of, IX. 582—specific
gravity of various kinds of, XII. 33
—mutual cohesion of particles of, 78
—-French, X. 183—German, 485—
olive-oil, 727, 731; XII. 342, 489 ;
XV. 704—cajeput-oil, V. 782—sweet
oil of wine, VI. 439—volatile oils,
441—fixed oils, ib.—drying oils, 442
—fat oils, ib.—solid oils, ib.—bitu¬
minous oils, 443—pilchard-oil, VII.
368—castor-oil, XII. 499 — oils of
Para, XVII. 51 — oleaginous secre¬
tions, 650.
Oil-gas, X. 359—compared with coal-
gas, 361, 365.
Oil-painting, XVI. 707,710.
Oil-thermometer, IV. 393; XXI. 237.
Oil-varnishes, XXI. 561.
Oise, XVI. 332—canal of the, 6.
Okeham, XVL 332—canal, 17.
Okey-hole, XI. 8.
Okhotzk, in Russia, XVI. 332—moun¬
tains of, XX. 327.
Okirah, in Bengal, XVI. 332.
Olacinese, in botany, V. 101.
Olaf (St), XVI. 258.
Olango, island, XVL 332.
Olave’s invasion of England, VIII. 706.
Olavide, XX. 331.
Olbers (Dr), astronomical discoveries of,
HI. 748; IV. 30, 31—on the orbits
of comets, VII. 139.
Olchanskaia, in Russia, XVI. 332.
Old age, XIV. 207, 493; XV. 457;
XVII. 695.
Old Maids, mollusca, XV. 373.
Old Wife, fish, XII. 195.
Oldcastle (Sir John), Lord Cobham,
XVI. 332; VIII. 733.
Oldenburg, in Germany, XVl. 333-
weights and measures of, XXL 854.
 (Henry), XVI. 333.
Oldham, in Lancashire, XVI. 333.
 (John), poet, XVI. 334.
Oldham’s lamp, XX. 23.
Oldland (George), his wool-shearing ma¬
chine, XXI. 934.
Oldmixon (John), party-writer and
critic, XVI. 334.
Oleaster, XVII. 789.
Olefiant gas, VI. 370.
Oleg, XIX. 527.
Oleic acid, Vi. 430.
Oleinese, in botany, V. 119.
Olekma, river, XVI. 334.
Olekminsk, in Russia, XVI. 334
Olenek, river, XVI. 334.
Olenus, ancient Greek poet, XVI. 334
—poems of, XVII. 404.
Oleron, XVI. 334.
Olga, XIX. 529.
Olibanum, VI. 492—specific gravity of,
XII. 33.
INDEX
113
OLI—ONE
Oligarchy, XVI. 331.
Oligotrophy, XVII. 128.
Olina on ornithology, XVI. 545.
Olinda, XVII. 237.
Olio, XVI. 334,
Olistus; fish, XII. 186.
Oliva, in conchology, XV. 346.
Olivarez (Don G. de G. Conde de),
XVI. 334 ; XX. 503.
Olivary bodies of the brain, II. 810.
Olivenite, in mineralogy, XV. 145.
Olives of the Ionian Islands, XII. 342.
Olive-colour, dyeing of, VIII. 343.
Olive-oil, X. 727, 731 ; XII. 342, 489;
XV. 704.
Olive’s Island, XVI. 334. 4
Olivet, Mount, XVI. 334,
Olivetan (Robert), XVI. 334 — his
French Bible, IV. 617.
Olivia, treaty of, XXI. 21.
Olivier (Claude Matthieu), XVI. 334.
 on ants, III. 239.
Olivine, or Chrysolite, VI. 684 ; XV,
158—-specific gravity of, XII. 28.
Ollerton, in Nottingham, XVI. 334,
Olmittz, Moravian city, XVI. 335—be¬
sieged by Frederick III., XVIII. 675-
Olney, in Bucks, XVI. 335.
Olonez, in Russia, XVI. 335.
Olonois (L.), a bucaneer, V. 623.
Olot, Spanish town, XVI. 335,
Olpar, Hindu town, XVI. 335.
Olotora, river, XVI. 335.
Olympeium, in Athens, IV. 118.
Olympia, in Greece, XVI. 335.
Olympiad, XVI. 336 ; VI. 653.
Olympic games, in ancient Greece,
XVI. 336 ; VI. 653—their influence
on Greek art, XVI. 697.
  Year, VI. 653.
Olympus, X. 722.
Olynthians, their submission to the
Macedonians, XIII. 621.
Om, river of Tobolsk, XVI. 336.
Oma, island, XVI. 336.
Omagh, XXI. 141.
Omai, VII. 300, 301.
Omalisus, insect, IX. 141.
Omalium, insect, IX. 138.
Omar Ebn Al Khattab, XVI. 336 ;
HI. 342—his conquest of Egypt, VIII.
477—mosque of, at Jerusalem, XII.
548—capture of Jerusalem by, XVI.
755.
Qmbay, island, XVI. 337.
Ombos, ruins of, VIII. 533.
Ombre, game, XVI. 337.
Ombrometer, XVI. 337 ; XIV. 742;
XVII. 535.
Qmbu, V. 640.
Omeerseer, Hindu village, XVI. 337.
Omelet, XVI. 337.
Omen, XVI. 337.
Omer, Jewish measure, VII. 381.
 (St), in France, XVI. 338.
Omercbntuc, XVI. 338.
Omerpoor, Hindu town, XVI. 338.
Ometis, insect, IX. 157.
Omichund, V. 397.
Ommiades, dynasty of the, III. 343.
Ommon, in Arabia, XVI. 338.
Omnipotence of God, XIV. 696, 699.
Omoa, XVI. 339 ; XI. 19.
OmophAQIA, festival, XVI. 339.
Omophron, insect, IX. 132.
Omphale, XVI. 339.
Omphalodes, lichen, VIII. 309.
Omrattee, Hindu town, XVI. 339.
Ombee, Hindu town, XVI. 339,
Omsk, Russian tpwn, XVI. 339.
Omudwara, in Hindustan, XVI. 339.
On, city, XVI. 339—deity, VIII, 552.
Onagrarice, in botany, V. 110.
Onateya, island, XVI. 340.
Onchidium, molluseum, XV. 357,
Oneehow, island, XVI. 340.
Onega, Russian city, XVI. 340.
  , Russian river and lake, XVI.
340; XIX. 565.
OnEglia, in Sardinia, XVI. 340.
O’Neill (Sir Phelim), his rebellions in
Ireland, V. 319 ; XII. 363-5, S68.
Onsirocritica, XVI. 340.
ONE—OPI
ONEIROCRITipS, XVI. 340.
Onevy, island, XVI. 340.
Ongole, in Hindustan, XVI. 340.
Ongqlogiir, Hindu town, XVI. 340.
Onion, worshipped in Egypt, III. 262—
bulb of, 90—culture of, XI. 671.
Oniscides, Crustacea, VII. 503.
Oniticellus, insect, IX. 153.
Onitis, insect, IX. 154.
Onkelos, Jewish rabbi, XVI. 340—Tar-
gum of, XXI. 80.
Onomancia, XVI. 341.
Onomatopoeia, XVI. 341.
Onon, Russian river, XVI. 341.
Onondaga, American town, XVI. 341.
Onore, Hindu seaport, XVI. 341.
Onosander, philosopher, XVI. 341.
Onrtjst, island, XVI. 341.
Ontarer, Hindu town, XVI. 341.
Ontario, lake, XVI. 341; VI. 58, 64;
XVII. 522 ; XXI. 455.
Onthophagus, insect, IX. 153.
Ontiniente, Spanish town, XVI. 342.
Ontology, XIV. 599.
Ontong Java, islands, XVI. 342.
Onycomancy, XVI. 342.
Onyx, XVI. 342 ; V. 787.
Oochaseer, Hindu town, XVI. 342.
Oochinadroog, Hindu fort, XVI. 342.
Oodeadargam, Indian town, XVI. 342.
Oojain, in Hindustan, XVI. 342.
Oolite, boring of, V. 5.
Oolitic system, in geology, XV. 202.
Oom-erbegh, river, XV. 503.
Oon, Hindu town, XVI. 343.
Oonae, Hindu village, XVI. 343.
Oonarang, in Java, XVI. 343.
Ooniara, Hindu town, XVI. 343.
Oonomafotj, island, XVI. 343.
Ooreecha, Hindu town, XVI. 343.
Oorey, Hindu town, XVI. 343.
Oorians, XI. 397.
Oosbecks. See Usbecks.
Ooscat, in Asia Minor, XVI. 343.
Ooscotta, Indian fortress, XVI. 343.
Oossoor, Hindu fortress, XVI. 344.
Oosterhout, XVI. 344.
OoTAPALLIUM, XVI. 344.
Ootatatoor, XVI. 344.
Ootradoorg, XVI. 344 ; XI. 429.
OOTRIMALOOR, XVI. 344.
Opacity, XIII. 331; XVI. 378.
Opal, XV. 157—sp. gr. of, XII. 33, 34.
Opalescence, XV. 128, 131.
Opalia, Roman feasts, XVI. 344.
Oparo, island, XVI. 344.
Opatrum, insect, IX. 164.
Opdam (Admiral), V. 343.
Opera, XVI. 344—French, II. 74 —
Italian, VIII. 157—English, 176.
Opera-house, London, XIII. 533.
Operations, surgical, XX. 831.
Operculum, in botany, V. 55.
Opetiorhynchus, bird, XVI. 589.
Ophelia, worm, XI. 221.
Ophelias, his alliance with Agathocles,
VI. 188.
Ophicephalus, fish, XII. 190.
Ophicleide, XV. 615.
Ophidia, reptiles, XIX. 150; XX. 121
—structure of, XVII. 714.
Ophidium, fish, XII. 226,
Ophiology, XVI. 344.
Ophiomancy, XVI. 344.
Ophion, insect, IX. 225.
Ophiostoma, zoophyte, XXI. 997.
Ophir, XVI. 344 ; X. 388.
Ophisaurus, serpent, XX. 122.
Ophisurus, fish, XII. 224.
Ophite, in mineralogy, XV. 148.
Ophites, heretics, XVI. 344.
Ophiuridse, zoophytes, XXI. 1012.
Ophryessa, reptile, XIX. 145.
Ophthalmia, common in Egypt, VIII.
516—treatment of the disease in the
domestic animals, XXI. 635.
Ophthalmoscopy, XVI. 344.
Opian, VI. 461. *
Opiates, XVI. 344.
Opie’s pictures, III. 655 ; XVI. 727.
Opinion, XVI. 344 —the Economists
on, VIII. 401-2.
Opisthoeomus, bird, XVI. 606.
OPI—ORB
Opisthodomus, III. 468,
Opistognathus, fish, XII. 193.
Opitius, Hebrew Bible of, IV. 614.
Opitz, German poet, XIX. 681—works
of, XVIII. 167.
Opium, XVI. 345—an aliment in the
East, III. 166—chemical composition
of, VI. 460—of Hindustan, XI. 380—
specific gravity of, XII. 34—poisonous
quality of, XIV. 504; XVIII. 177—
importation of, into Siam, XX. 322.
Opobalsamum, IV. 322.
Opocalpasum, XVI. 345,
Opomyza, insect, IX. 290.
Opoponax, VI. 491; XII. 34.
Oporto, Portuguese city, XVI. 345—
wine-making at, XXI. 902.
Opossum, XIV. 126; IV. 209 ; XXI.
716—its structure, XVII. 705.
Oposura, in Mexico, XIV. 818.
Opoun, island, XVI. 347.
Oppedulun, XVI. 790.
Oppeln, in Prussia, XVI. 346.
Oppian, Greek poet, XVI. 346 —on
hunting, XI. 739—his Natural His¬
tory, XIV. 75.
Oppido, Italian city, XVI. 347.
Oppilation, XVI. 347.
Optative Mood, XVI. 347.
Optic angle and axis of eye, XVI. 347.
Optical Instruments, XVI. 513—im¬
provements in, III. 748. See Burning-
glasses, Camera, Lens, Micrometer,
Sea-Lights, Telescope, &e.
Optics, XVI. 348—history of, ib. ; I.
504-515, 545-6, 630-638 — contribu¬
tions of Euclid, 504 ; Ptolemy, ib.;
Alhazen, 505-6 ; Aristotle and Epicu¬
rus, 506 ; Roger Bacon, 507 ; Mauro-
lycus, 508 ; Baptista Porta, ib.; Kep¬
ler, 509-10; Snellius, 511, 631 ; Des¬
cartes and Fermat, 512-13 ; James
Gregory, 513; Dr Barrow, 514 ; Huy¬
gens, ib. ; Newton, 545 ; Descartes
Bradley, Euler, &c., 631-4 ; Dr Blair,
635 ; Fraunhofer, 636 ; Herschel, ib.,
Malus, 638 (See all those heads)—;
principles of the science applied by
the French to the improvement of
lighthouses, 636—first notions of pho¬
tometry given by Marie, 637—succes¬
sive propagation of light, IV. 36—no
action beyond the limit of the spec¬
trum, VI. 757—corona or halo, VII.
371—Dollond’s discoveries in, VIII.
94; I. 634—optical phenomena of the
air, XIV. 749—why optics is apart of
mechanical philosophy, XVII. 569.
See Aberration, Chromatics, Colour,
Light, Perspective, Photometer,. Po¬
larisation of Light, Refraction, Reflec¬
tion, Spectrum, Telescope.
Optigraph, VI. 38.
Optimates, XVI. 514.
Optimism, XIV. 701—Leibnitz’s scheme
of, I. 126.
Optio, Roman officer, XVI. 514.
Or, in heraldry, XVI. 514 ; XI. 244.
Ora, ancient money, XVI. 514.
Oracles, XVI. 514'; VII. 584—Sibyl¬
line, II. 243—Fontenelle on, IX. 720
—oracle at Delphi, VII. 689.
Or^a, sacrifices, XVI. 517.
Oral, XVI. 517.
Oran, in Algiers, XVI. 517.
Orange, in France, XVI. 518.
 River, XVI. 518.
 (Sea), plant, XVI. 518.
Orange-colour, dyeing of, VIII. 336,342.
Orange-tree, culture of, XI. 659—fruit
of, V. 49—alkali in fruit, VI. 469—
sp. gr. of its wood, XII. 34.
Orang-outang, XIV. 90, 194—its skull,
III. 4—its structure, XVII. 703—of
Angola, III. 152.
Oration, XVI. 518—Funeral, X. 259.
Orator, XVI. 518—orators among the
Druids, VIII. 209.
Oratorio, in music, XVI. 518.
Oratory, XVI. 518—imitation in, XII.
254 See Rhetoric.
Orbe, Swiss city, XVI. 518.
Orbelus, mountain, X. 722.
ORB—ORG
Orhicula, mollusca, XV. 349.
Orbiculata, Crustacea, VII. 501.
Orbits of the skull, in man, II. 785—in
the mammalia, III. 6.
——»— of comets, planets, and satellites.
See Comets, Planets, Earth, Jupiter,
Mars, Moon, Satellites, &c.
Orbulites, mollusca, XV. 345.
Orcagna (A. & B.), painters, XVI. 709.
Orchan, XXI. 411.
Orchard, XVI. 518 ; XL 634.
Orchesia, insect, IX. 166.
Orchestes, insect, IX. 174.
Orchestra, XVI. 519; XV. 645.
Orchestrino, XVI. 519,
Orchestrion, XVI. 519.
Orchia Lex, XVI. 519.
Orchideae, in botany, V. 132.
Orchilla Islands, XVI. 519.
Orchomenos, Greek city, razed by the
Thebans, XXI. 197.
Orchon, river, XVI. 519.
Orcus, infernal god, XVI. 519.
Ordeal, XVI. 519—trial by, XII. 650
—in Siam, XX. 322.
Order, in architecture, XVI. 522 ; III.
468—orders described, III. 415, 416,
425, 437—Greek, 437—Roman, 443
—Modern Italian, 451.
—  , in botany, V. 59, 61, 62—cha¬
racters of orders, 94.
 in natural history, XVI. 522 ;
XV. 739.
 —, in phrenology, XVII. 464.
 , in rhetoric, XVI. 522.
 , or rank, XVI. 522.
Orders, Holy, XVI. 522—Military, ib.
—Religious, ib.—Religious Military,
id. See Knights.
Ordinal Numbers, XVI. 522.
Ordinance, XVI. 522. See Ordonnance.
Ordinaries, in heraldry, XI. 247.
Ordinary, XVI. 522.
   .in sea-language, XVI. 522—
ships in, VIII. 86.
    of Assizes, &c., XVI. 523.
 of Newgate, XVI. 523.
Ordinates, XVI. 523.
Ordination, XVI. 523.
Ordnance, XVI. 523. See Cannon,
Gun, Mortar.
Ordnance-department of the British
army, XVI. 523; III. 619, 632.
Ordnance-Survey of Great Britain,
XXL 354.
Ordonez, VI. 542.
Ordonnance, or ordinance, in architec¬
ture, XVI. 523 ; III. 468.
 , in painting, XVI. 523.
Ore, in mineralogy, XVI. 523 ; XV.
160. See Copper-ore, &c.
Oreas, African animals, II. 228.
Oreehoua, island, XVI. 523.
Oregon Territory,in North America,
XVI. 523 ; XXL 452.
Orel, in Russia, XVI. 527.
Orellana (Francisco), XVI. 527.
 , river, II. 587.
Orenburg, in Russia, XVI. 527.
Orense, Spanish city, XVI. 527.
Orestes, XVI. 527 ; XIX. 423.
Orfa, in Turkey, XVI. 528.
Orffyreus’s Wheel, XVI. 529,
Orfila on poisons, XIV. 492.
Orford, towa in Suffolk, XVI. 529.
Orgal, XVI. 529.
Organ, XVI. 529.
 ,musical instrument,ib.; XV. 644
—a novel one suggested, II. 120.
  in anatomy, II. 711,j XIV. 514.
Organic beings, XVII. 130. See Life,
Animals, Vegetables.
 Bodies, characteristics of, II. 684.
 Chemistry, VI. 459.
 Remains, IX.789—animals, XV.
56, 183, etseq., 376 ; XVII. 508, 587 ;
II. 658 ; V. 641 ; VII. 500; XX. 326
—trees, XV. 205, 256, n., 572; XXL
916 ; XII. 148—plants, XVII. 508.
Organist, XVI. 533.
Organization, XVII. 595.
Organo-Lyricon, XVI. 533.
Organzine silk, XX. 345.
114
INDEX
OEG—ORS
Okgia, XVI. 534.
OkgueSj XVI. 534.
Oroya. Greek measure, XVI. 534.
 , insect, IX. 248.
Oribasus, ancient physician, XVI. 534 ;
II. 691 ; XX. 824.
Oribata, genus of arachnides, III. 368.
Orichalcom, XVI. 534.
Orient (I/), in France, XVI. 535.
Oriental, crystallization of, VII. 523.
■ Languages, XVII. 354, et seq.
Origen, XVI. 535—friendship between
him and Ambrose, II. 600—on ap¬
paritions, III. 297—his Hexapla, XI.
289 i XVII. 366.
Origenians, heretics, XVI. 536.
Origenists, sect, XVI. 536.
Original, XVI. 536—sin, XXI. 218.
Orillon, in fortification, XVI. 536.
Orinoco, river, XVI. 536—valley of,
III. 116—navigation of, XVI. 28—
discolours the sea, XVII. 525—inun¬
dations of, ib.
Oriole, golden, XVI. 574—red-shoul¬
dered, 582—Baltimore, 583.
Orion, XVI. 537.
Orissa, Hindu province, XVI. 538.
Oristano, Sardinian city, XVI. 538.
Orizaba, Mexican volcano, XIV. 797.
Orizava, in Mexico,XVI. 538; XIV. 815.
Orkney Islands, XVI. 538—cattle of,
II. 324—barrows in, IV. 409—duns
in, VIII. 268.
Orle, in architecture, XVI. 541—in
heraldry, XI. 251.
Orleans, in France, XVI. 541—canal
of, XVI. 6—centre employed in build¬
ing the bridge of, VI. 286 ; XX. 759
—university of, XXI. 487.
 (Duke of), his aerial voyage, II.
188.
  (Maid of), or Joan of-Arc, XII.
587 ; III. 377; X. 23.
 (Peter Joseph), XVI. 542.
Orlop, ship deck, XVI. 542.
Orme (Robert), historian, XVI. 542—
on India, XI. 406.
Ormea, Sardinian city, XVI. 543,
Ormond, in Ireland, XVI'. 543.
Ormskirk, XVI. 543.
Ormuz, island, XVI. 543.
Orne, in France, XVI. 544.
Orneodes, insects, IX. 253.
Ornismya, bird, XVI. 589.
Ornithi-e, winds, XVI. 544.
Ornithobia, insect, IX. 293.
Ornithology, XVI. 545—bones of
birds, III. 1, 10—their muscles, 19—
mechanism of perching, ib.—organs
of smell, 21—eyes, 22, 24—ears, 26
—tongue, 27—vocal organs, 29 —
nervous system, 30, 31—stomach, 36
—intestines, 37—organs of circula¬
tion, 39 — lungs, ib,—pairing, 168 ;
XVI. 733-physiology, XVII. 710-
respiration, XVIII. 124 — singing,
XX. 368—Asiatic birds, III. 683—Ed¬
wards’s works on, VIII. 451. See
Birds, Fowling, Eagle, Hawk, &c.,and
the geographical articles generally.
Ornithomancy, XVI. 651.
Ornithomyia, insect, IX. 293.
Ornithorhynchus, in zoology, XIV. 145;
IV. 209—its structure, XVII. 706.
Orobancheae, in botany, V. 123.
Orobio (Don Balthasar), XVI. 651.
Orobitis, insect, IX. 174.
Orodes, XVII. 101.
Orontes, river, XVI. 651; XXI. 61,
Oropesa, Bolivian town, XVI. 651.
Oropherncs, VI. 125.
Orotava, in Teneriffe, XVI. 651.
Orphan Hospital, Edinburgh, VIII. 425,
Orpheoreon, XVI. 652.
Orpheus, XVI. 652; XV, 664—poems
of, XVII. 404—philosophy of, 431.
Orpiment, XVI. 652; VI. 384, 458—
sp. gr. of, XII. 34—red, XV. 171.
Orrery, XVI. 652—is a mere play¬
thing, IV. 101—electrical, VIII. 591.
 (Earls of), V. 162, 167, 168.
Orskaia, Russian town, XVI. 652.
Orsodacna, insect, IX. 181.
ORT—OSS
Ortalis, insect, IX. 285.
Ortegal Cape, in Spain, XVI. 652.
Ortelios (Abraham), XVI. 652.
Orthagoriscus, fish, XII. 228.
Orthez, XVI. 652—battle of, V. 535.
Orthocera, mollusca, XV. 345.
Orthocerus, insect, IX. 164.
Orthochsetes, insects, IX. 174.
Orthochile, insect, IX. 278.
Orthodox, XVI. 652.
Orthographic Projection of the Sphere,
XVI. 652.
Orthography, in grammar and geo¬
metry, XVI. 652—in perspective, 653
—in architecture, ib.; III. 468.
Orthonyx, bird, XVI. 573.
Orthopncea, XVI. 653.
Orthoptera, insects, IX. 59, 187.
Orthosa, or Ortosa, XVI. 653.
Orthostyle, in architecture, III. 468.
Ortilda, bird, XVI. 605.
Ortive, XVI. 653.
Ortiz de Retz (Tnigo), exploratory
voyage of, IV. 211.
Ortolan, bird, XVI. 580.
Orton, in Westmoreland, XVI. 653.
Ortone a Mare, XVI. 653.
Ortygis, bird, XVI. 612.
Ortyx, bird, XVI. 611.
Oruro, XVI. 653—silver-mines of, IV.
749—climate, 750—population, 752.
Orvieto, Italian city, XVI. 653.
Orville (M. d’), on Mount JEtna, II. 200.
Orycteropus, in zoology, XIV. 143 —
teeth of, III. 32.
Oryctes, insect, IX. 156.
Orygma, insect, IX. 288.
Ory&sus, insect, IX. 218.
Oryx, in aoology, XIV. 162.
Osacca, city in Japan, XVI. 653.
Osage, XVI. 653.
Osara, Syrian village, XVI. 653.
Osbaldeston (George), XI. 611.
Oscan alphabet, II. Plate 19.
Oscha, river, XVI. 653.
Oschophoria, festival, XVI. 653.
Osci, XIX. 360, 376.
Oscillation of fluids, XII. 81—of pendu¬
lum, XIV. 384 ; XVII. 185. See
Pendulum.
  (centre of), XIX. 497—James
Bernoulli’s mode of treating the pro¬
blem respecting, I. 603.
Oseney Island, in England, XVI. 654.
Osenoka, river, XVI. 654.
Osiander’s Latin Bible, IV. 615.
Osiers, used in basket-making, IV. 428
—'-cultivation of, 429. See Willow.
Osilo, Sardinian city, XVI. 654.
Osimo, Italian city, XVI. 654.
Osiris, XVI. 654; III. 580; VII. 691;
VIII. 552 ; XL 320 ; XV. 659 ; XVII.
379—mysteries of, XV. 663—exploits
of, ib.
Oskol-Staroi, Russian city, XVI. 655.
Osier’s anemometer, XIX. 45.
Osman, founder of the Turkish empire,
XXL 411 ; VII. 288.
 Bey Bardissi, VIII. 496.
Osmanjic, Turkish town, XVI. 655.
Osmanlee Turks, XXI. 419.
Osmanskoi, Russian town, XVI. 655
Osmazome. See Ozmazome.
Osmerus, fish, XII. 210.
Osmia, insect, IX. 234.
Osmium, VI. 425—salts of oxide of, VI.
453—specific gravity of, XII. 34—dis¬
covery of, XXI. 180.
Osmont (J. B. L.), notice of his Typo-
grapnical Dictionary, IV. 630.
Osnabruck, in Hanover, XVI. 655.
Osorio, VI. 541, et seq.
Osorius (Jerome), historian, XVI. 655.
Osphronemus, fish, XII. 190*
Osprey, bird, XVI. 563.
Ossa, Greek mountain, XVI. 655.
 town in Gilolo, XVI. 655.
Ossat (Arnaud d’), cardinal, XVI. 656.
Osseous fishes, XII. 166.
Ossero, XVI. 657.
Ossian, XVI. 657 : XI. 544—Dr Blair’s
Dissertation on, IV. 669—Sir James
Mackintosh on, IV* 669, —Cesa-
OSS—OUE
rotti’s Italian version of, VI. 297 
Malcolm Laing’s dissertation on, XIII.
22—Adelung’s opinion of, 87.
Ossification, XVI. 666 ; II. 744 ;
XVII. 656—of the human skull, II.
783. See Bones.
Ostade (Adrian Van), XVI. 666, 722.
Ostend, Belgian city-, XVI. 666—sieges
of, in 1601 and 1604, 116 ; XI. 520.
Osteocarpium in botany, V. 49.
Osteocolla, XVl* 667.
Osteeglossum, fish, XII. 216.
Osteology, XVI. 667—human, II. 759
—of the lower animals, III. 1; XXL
615. See Bones.
Osterode, in Hanover, XVI. 667.
Ostervald (John Frederick), Protest¬
ant divine, XVI. 667.
Osterwick, Prussian city, XVL 6«7.
Ostia, Italian city, XVL 667.
Ostiaks, XVI. 607 ; XX. 327.
Ostracion, fish, XII. 229.
Ostracism, in ancient Athens, XVL
668 ; IV. 150 ; XX. 446.
Ostracites, XVI. 669; XV. 34.
Ostrea, mollusca, XV. 343, 372.
Ostreadee, mollusca, XV. 367.
Ostrich, XVI. 616—of America, VI.
526 ; Arabia, III. 329, 340 ; Buenos
Ayres, V. 641—incubation of, XII.
300—structure of, VII. 712 — re¬
spiration of, XVIII. 124.
Oswestry, in Salop, XVI. 669.
Osymandes, Egyptian king, XVL 669.
Osymandias, circle of, I. 500.
Otabalo, in Colombia, XVI. 669.
Otaha, island, XVL 669.
Otaheite, XVL 669; XVIII. 325-
society of Arreoys in, HI. 628—
bread-fruit of, V. 211—Captain Cook’s
visits to, VII. 296, 301—tradition of
the Deluge in, 699.
Otakootai, island, XVL 669.
Otaria, in zoology, XIV. 124.
Otavalo, XVIII. 798.
Otchakoff, Charles XII. at, XXL 23.
Otho (M. Salvius), Roman emperor,
XVI. 669; XIX. 404.
 , king of Greece, X. 751.
 the Great, XII. 468.
Othman. See Osman.
Othoman. See Osman.
Otilopha, reptile, XIX. 153.
Otiocerus, insect, IX. 203.
Otis, bird, XVI. 617.
Otley, in Yorkshire, XVI. 670.
Otodini, or Ottadini, XVI. 670; VI. 1.
Otolithus, fish, XII. 176.
Otrahermana (La), island, XVL 670.
Otranto, XVI. 670 ; XV. 700.
Ottajano, Italian city, XVI. 67C.
Ottawa Indians, XV. 8.
 , river, VI. 57, 58, 64.
Otter, XIV. Ill—‘Skins of, X. 266.
Otter-hunting, XI. 749,
Otterburn, XVI. 670.
Ottery (St Mary), in Devon, XVL 670.
Otti.cotta, Hindu town, XVL 670.
Otto, his obligations to Cunningham,
VII. 546.
Ottoboni (Cardinal), VII. 325.
Ottocar, IV. 219.
Ottoman army, III. 612. See Turkey.
Ottomaques, clay eaten by the, II. 632.
Otumba, in Mexico, XIV. 814—battle
of, 774.
Otungurra, Hindu town, XVI. 670.
Otus, bird, XVI. 566.
Otway (Thomas), tragic poet, XVl. 670
—dramatic works of, VIII. 171.
 (Cape), XVL 672.
OtWeiler, Prussian city, XVI. 672.
Ouch, Hindu town, XVI. 672.
Oudanulla, in Bengal, XVI 672
Oude, XVL 672, 674 ; XL 431, et seq.
Oudenarde, town in Flanders, XVI.
674—battle of.V. 372.
OudeYfoob, in India, XVI. 674.
Oudghir, Hindu village, XVI. 676.
Oudney (Dr), VI. 723.
Oueining, Chinese city, XVL 676.
Oue-Kiun, Chinese city, XVI. 676.
Ouen-Tcheou, Chinese city, XVI. 676*
OUF—OXA
Oufa, city and river, XVL 676.
Ougarnee, river, VI. 725
Oughter (Lough), VI. 255.
Ouchtred (William), mathematician,
XVI. 676—on algebra, II. 424—on
navigation, XV. 748.
Ouisconsin, river, XVI. 255.
Ouistitis, in zoology, XIV. 96.
Oukesima, island, XVI. 676.
Ouller, Hindu lake, XVI. 676.
Ounce, weight, XVI. 676.
Ouncha, V. 705.
Ound, Hindu village, XVI. 676.
Oundle, in Northampton, XVI. 676.
Oural Mountains, XVL 677. See
Ural Mountains.
 , Russian river, XVI. 677.
Ouralsk, Russian city, XVL 677.
Ourax, bird, XVI. 605.
Ourcas, a Hindu race, XVI. 538.
Ourcha, Hindu town, XVL 676.
Ourcq, canal of, XVL 6.
Ourfa, or Orfa, XVI. 528.
Ourique, battle of, XVIII. 463.
Ouroomia, Persian town, XVI. 677.
 (Lake), XVI. 677.
Ourry’s Island, XVI. 677.
Ouse (Greater), river, XVL 678; V.
634 ; VI. 33; XI. 757 —its naviga¬
tion, XVL 17.
 (Smaller),river, XVL 678,245
 , river in Yorkshire, XXI. 962.
Oussoor, Hindu town, XVI. 678.
Outchang-Fou, XVI. 678.
Ou-Tcheu, XVI. 678.
Outing, Chinese city, XVI. 678.
Outlaw, XVL 678.
Outlawry, XVI. 678.
Outworks, in fortification, IX. 775.
Ouvarofskoi, in Russia, XVI. 678.
Ouzel, bird, XVI. 574.
Oval, or Ellipse, XVL 678 ; VII. 227.
Ovalo, XVl. 681; III. 442, 450, 468.
Ovarium of flowers, III. 95, 98, 99; V
45.
Ovary, II. 825; XVII. 685, 686—dis¬
ease of the, 478.
Ovation, XVI. 678 ; XXL 388.
Oven, baker’s, XVI. 678 ; IV. 296.
Overall (John), bishop, XVI. 678.
Overbury (Sir Thomas), XVI. 679.
Overhauling, XVI. 679.
Overrake, sea-term, XVL 679.
Overshot water-wheel, XTI. 82 ; XXI.
799.
Overt* XVL 679.
Overton, XVI. 679.
Overture, in music, XVL 679.
Overyssel, XVI. 679.
Ovtdius (P.) Naso, XVI. 679—Bur-
man’s edition of, V. 719—poetry of,
XVIII. 154.
Oviedo,Spanish city,XVL 680; IV. 112.
—  (John Gonsales), XVI. 680.
Ovilia, or Septa, XVI. 681.
Oviparous animals, XVI. 681; II. 706,
707 ; XVII. 686.
Ovis, in zoology, XIV. 164.
Ovolo, XVI. 681; III. 442, 450, 468,
Ovula, in conchology, XV. 346.
Ovuladae, mollusca, XV. 364.
Ovulum, in botany, V. 46, 51, w.; III.
98, ('9.
Ovum, XVII. 686, 712. See Egg.
Owen (Dr John}, XVL 681.
 (Robert)' nis establishment at
Harmony, XII. 266—his infant-sehools
at New Lanark, XIII. 49.
OWhyhee, island, XVI. 682 ; XVIII.
319—discovered by Cook, VII. 301—
his death there, 302.
Owl, XVI. 566.
Owlah, Hindu city, XVI. 682.
Owling, XVL 682.
Owram (North and South), XVI. 682.
Ox, XIV. 167; XVlI. 709—employment
of oxen in agriculture, H. 321.
Ox-bot, XXI. 627.
Oxaea, insect, IX. 234.
Oxalate of lime, its pyro-electricity
VIII. 598.
Oxalic acid, VI. 369—a poison, XIV
503—antidotes to, XVIII. 181.
INDEX
115
OXA—OZO
Oxalic ether, VI. 440.
Oxalidese, in botany, V. 104.
Oxalis roots, culture of, XI. G70.
Oxenstiern, XXI. 16.
Oxford, XVI. 682 —botanical school
of, V. 83—libraries at, XIII. 298—
early printing at, XVIII. 554—uni¬
versity of, VIII. 7 89 ^ XXI. 492, 482,
506—colleges and halls, 499—canal,
XVI. 17—roof of the theatre, XIX.
454—-the Oxford Marbles, III. 659.
Oxfordshire, XVI. 686.
Oxgang, XVI. 687.
Oxidation, XVI. 688—of metals by
electricity, VIII. 627.
Oxides, XVI. 688—of aluminum^ VI. 398
—antimony, 385—arsenic, 383—azote,
365—barium, 395 — bismuth, 416—
borax, 373—bromine, 361—cadmium,
411—calcium, 396—carbon, 369—ce¬
rium, 400—chromium, 386—cobalt,
409—columbium, 391—copper, 414—
fluorine, 362, 364—glucinum, 399—
—gold, 420—iodine, 361 — iridium,
424—iron, 403—lead, 411—magnesi¬
um, 397—manganese, 406—mercury,
417—molybdenum, 389—nickel; 408
—osmium, 425—palladium, 422—phos¬
phorus, 379—platinum, 421—potas¬
sium, 393—rhodium, 423—selenium,
377—silicon, 373—silver, 419—stron¬
tium, 396—sulphur, 374—tellurium,
379—thorium, 402—tin, 413—titani¬
um, 391—tungsten, 390—uranium,
389—vanadium, 388—yttrium, 399-
zinc, 410—zirconium, 401.
Oxiuri, insects, IX. 227.
Oxley (Mr), his discoveries in New South
Wales, XXI. 714.
OX us, river, XVI. 687 ; III. 697.
Oxybelus, insect, IX. 230.
Oxycera, insect, IX. 271.
Oxycrate, XVI. 688.
Oxydes. See Oxides.
Oxygen, XVI. 688 ; VI. 359—a compo¬
nent part of the atmosphere, IV. 134;
XVII. 531—specific gravity of, II. 135
—its use with hydrogen in the blow¬
pipe, IV. 716—effects of food contain¬
ing, VIII. 24—consumed in respira¬
tion, XVII. 646—an active agent in
the decomposition of timber, XX. 273
— essential to germination, XXI..568
—produced by plants, 577 5 but not
by the flowers, 583.
■ acids, VI. 426.
—— acid salts, VI. 445.
Oxyhydrogen microscope, XV. 44, 46.
Oxylus, VIII. 670.
Oxymuriate of potash, gunpowder from,
XI. 83.
Oxymuriates. See Chlorates.
Oxymuriatic acid, or Chlorine, VI.'359.
See Chlorine.
Oxyopus, genus of arachnides, III. 362.
Oxyporus, insect, IX. 137.
Oxypterus, in zoology, XIV. 180.
Oxyrhynchus, bird, XVI. 583.
Oxytelus, insect, IX. 137.
Oxyuris, zoophyte, XXI. 998,
Oyer, in law, XVI. 688.
Oyes, XVI. 688.
Oyola, island, XVI. 688.
Oyster Harbour, XVI. 688.
Oyster Island, XVI. 688.
Oyster, XV. 372—pearl-oyster of Cey¬
lon, VI. 300 — Essex oyster-fishery,
IX. 369. See Pearl,
Oyster-catcher, bird, XVI. 617.
Ozanum (James), mathematician, XVI.
688—on dialling, VII. 760.
Ozark Mountains, II. 614 ; XXI. 452—
geology of, II, 614.
Ozell (John), XVI. 689.
Ozernaia, XVI. 689,
Ozieri, Sardinian city, XVI. 689.
Ozmazome, VI. 503; VIII. 19; XVII.
637, 651.
Ozol.*, XVI. 689.
Ozorius, insect, IX. 138.
PAA—PAH
P
P, letter of the alphabet, XVI. 690.
Paamyles, VIII. 554 ; XI. 321.
Pabulum, XVI. 690. See Fuel.
Pacajes, in Bolivia, XVI. 690.
Paccalongan, in Java, XVI. 690.
Pace, XVI. 690.
Pacem, town in Sumatra, XVI. 690.
Pacha, IV. 425.
Pachamac, in Peru, XVI. 690.
Pachard (Dr), his ascent of Mont
Blanc, II. 562.
Pachas, in zoology, XIV. 141.
Paches, IV. 156.
Pachydermata, XIV. 146—their bones,
III. 5, et seq.—organs of smell, 21—
teeth, 32, 33—structure, XVII. 706.
Pachygaster, insect, IX. 271.
Pachyptila, bird, XVI. 632.
Pachypus, insect, IX. 157.
Pachysome, in zoology, XIV. 100.
Pacific Ocean, XVI. 690 ; XX. 488—
low and elevated islands in the, XVII.
515—currents, 517.
Paciolus (Lucas), on algebra, II. 422.
Pack-horse, XI. 591.
Package of the bodily organs, XVII. 605.
Packanga, Malay town, XVI. 690.
Packet, or Packet-Boat, XVI. 690—
mail-packets, XVIII. 491.
Pactolus, river, XVI. 690.
Pacurianus, VII. 286.
Pacuvius (Marcus)^ poet, XVI. 690.
Padah, Hindu town, XVI. 690.
Padang, XVI. 691.
 *— Guchi, river, XVJ. 691.
Paddington, XVI. 691; XIII. 540.
Paddle-wheels*, XX. 686, 704—analysis
of the action of, 705.
Paddock, XVI. 691; XI. 604.
Paderborn, Prussian city, XVI. 691.
Paderni, XI. 263.
Padiham, in Lancashire, XVI. 691.
Padstow, Cornish town, XVI. 691.
Padua, XVI. 691—Academy of Sciences
at, II. 69.
Paduan, medal, XVI. 691.
Padula, Neapolitan town, XVI. 691.
Padus, river, XVI. 691. See Po.
Pajan; XVI. 691.
Psecilopoda, crustacea, VII. 503.
Pieciloptera, insects, IX. 203.
Paederus, insect, IX. 137.
PiEDO-BAFTISM, XVI. 691.
Paioniese, in botany, V. 95.
Paestum, ancient Italian town, XVIII.
139 ; XV. 699—temples of,'V. 787.
Paez (Peter), II. 53.
  (General), IV. 743 ; VII. 99—
his rebellion, 104—elected President
of Colombia,,110.
Pagahm, Burmese city, XVI. 691.
Pagan (Blaise Francois Comte de), XVI.
691—on fortification, IX. 770.
Paganalia, Roman festivals, XVI. 692.
Paganism, XVI. 692; XL 487; XII.
243 ; XVIII. 330—mixed with Chris¬
tianity by the Church of Rome, III.
297, n. 2, 300—its overthrow at Rome,
XIX. 419—its alleged tolerant spirit
disputed, XX. 446.
Page, in chivalry, VI. 602.
Pageant, XVI. 692.
Pagellus, fish, XII. 177.
Pages, islets, XVI. 692.
Pagi (Antony), critic, XVI. 692.
 , of Chili, VI. 525.
Pagninus (Sanctes), XVI. 692—his ver¬
sion of the Bible, IV. 615.
Pagnani, Italian town, XVI. 692.
Pago, island, XVI. 692.
Pagoda, coin, XVI. 692.
 , Hindu temple, XVI. 692 ; III.
433; VII. 696 ; XI. 408.
Pagrus, fish, XII. 177.
Pagurus, VII. 502.
Pahang, island, XVL 692.
 , in Malacca, XVI. 692.
Pahlavi, III. 691—language, XVII. 380.
PAH—PAL
Paho, river, XVI. 692.
Paihbceuf, in France, XVI. 692.
Pain, insensibility of insects to, III. 164
—-lessened by custom, VII. 560—sen¬
sation of, XVII. 662—^pleasure from
cessation of, XVIII. 54—utility of,
667—of the senses, XX. 96.
Paine (Mr), his iron bridge, V. 279.
  (Thomas), his work entitled Com¬
mon Sense, V. 458—his Rights of Man,
464 ; XIII. 655.
Paingeon, blind mathematician, IV. 699.
Painomjeung, in Thibet, XVI. 692.
Painswick, XVI. 692.
Painter’s work, in building, V. 695.
Painting, XVI. 693—in Abyssinia, II.
61—ancient, III. 259 ; XI. 262—Chi¬
nese, VI. 572—Dutch school of, XL
532—ancient Egyptian, VIII. 540, n.
2 5 544—in Hindustan, XI. 408—Aca¬
demies of, at Paris, II. 73 • Rome, Tu¬
rin, Milan, Florence, Modena, Madrid,
and Stockholm, 74—American custom
of painting the skin, II. 621—colours
used in, VII. 127—crayon-painting,
451—design, 740—paintinginenamel,
VIII. 693—encaustic painting, 694—
fresco, X. 231—-mosaic, III. 257 ;
XV. 568 — miniature, 268—painted
glass, X. 565, 572—illumination of
manuscripts, XII. 249—application of
painting to the improvement of ana¬
tomy, XIV. 518—knowledge of anato¬
my necessary to painters, XVII. 610
—qualities common to painting and
poetry, XVIII. 141—painting of por¬
celain, 431,436—house-painting, XVL
730 ; V. 695. See Fine Arts.
Pair, or couple, XVI. 733.
Pairing of animals, XVI. 733; III. 168.
Pairle, in heraldry, XI. 251.
Paisley, XVI. 733—manufacture of
fancy-muslins at, VII. 407—canal to
Glasgow and Ardrossan, X. 551.
Paita, town in Peru, XVI. 736.
Paitan, in Borneo, XVI. 736.
Paixhans (Col.), his gun, XI. 73.
Pakir, Arabian port, XVI. 736.
Palace, XVI. 736 — ancient Roman
palaces, III. 444.
Palachy, Indian town, XVI. 736.
Pala;mon (Q. Rhemmius), XVI. 736.
Pakeologus (George), VII. 285.
1 (Michael), XVI. 736 ; VII. 287.
Paleeornis, bird, XVI. 601.
Paljepaphos, in Cyprus, XVI. 736.
Palsephatus, XIX. 780*
Palestra, XVI. 736.
Palalaika, XVI. 736.
Palamedea, bird, XVI. 626.
Palamedes, XVI. 736.
Palamow, in Bengal, XVI. 736.
Palaos, islands, XVII. 179,
PAlapetty, Hindu town, XVI. 736.
Palar, river, XVI. 737.
Palaria, XVL 737.
Palarus, insect, IX. 229,
Palate, XVII. 663—bones of the, II.
778—muscles of the, 794—soft palate
803.
Palatinate, XVI. 737.
 of the Rhine, XVI. 737.
Palatine (Count), title, XVI. 737.
 *— Games, m Rome, XVI. 737.
 Hill, XIX. 424, 425.
Palatsha, in Asia Minor, XVI. 737.
Palawan Isle, XVI. 737.
Palazzola, Sicilian city, XVL 737.
Palcati Nor, lake, XVI. 737.
Palcote, town in Bengal, XVI. 737.
Pale, XVI. ?37.
  , in heraldry, XVI. 778; XL 248.
Palese, in botany, V. 40.
Palembang, in Sumatra, XVI. 737.
Palemerdy, Hindu town, XVI. 738,
Palencia, in Spain, XVI. 738.
Palenga, Hindu village, XVI. 738.
Palenque, ruins of, XIV. 810, 812.
Palermo, in Sicily, XVI. 738 ; XV. 700
—mortality in, XV. 538.
Pales, goddess, XVI. 738.
Palestine, XVI. 739—Saladin’s con¬
quests in, VIII. 481, 482—map of,
PAL
XVI. PI. CCCCII.-2. See Canaan,
Crusades.
Palestrina, in Austria, XVI. 760.
Paley (William), D.D., XVI. 760—on
Tucker’s writings, I. 114—disputed
the existence of a moral faculty, 225
—followed the opinions of Bishop
Law, 226—on moral sense, 298—one
of the brightest ornaments of the
English church in the 18th century,
372—did not owe his system to Hume,
ib.—fitter for business than philoso¬
phy, ib.—his genius and practical bent,
ib., 373—his style, ib.—his Evidences
of Christianity, Moral and Political
Philosophy, and Natural Theology, ib.
—on virtue, 374—erroneous views on
honour, ib.—occasionally a lax moral¬
ist, 375—his political and ecclesiasti¬
cal views, 376—on charity, VI. 327-
price of the copyright of his Moral
Philosophy, VII. 315 — on divorce,
VIII. 72—on the character of re¬
formers, IX. 356, n. 3 — on happi¬
ness, IX. 142 ; I. 374—on instinct,
226; XII. 306—on the hand, XVII.
618 — on. prayer, XVIII. 506—on
tithes, XXL 114—on the goodness
of God, 209.
Palfrey, XVI. 762.
Palfyn on anatomy, II. 703.
Paluunge, Hindu town, XVI. 763.
Palhaunpoor, XVI. 763.
Palicaudcherry, XVI. 763.
Palimpedes, birds, XVI. 628.
Palimpsests, XVI. 763 ; IV. 621 —-
Cicero Ve Republica, VI. 695—parts
of the Theodosian Code discovered at
Turin and Milan, 715.
Palindromus, XVI. 768.
Palingenesia, XVL 768.
PalingeniUs (Marcellus), XVL 768.
Palinode, XVI. 768.
Palinurus, XVI. 768.
 vulgaris, VII. 502.
Palisades, in fortification, IX. 786.
Palisse (La), in France, XVL 769.
Palkah, Hindu towm, XVI. 769.
Palk’s Straits, XVI. 769.
Pall, in heraldry, XVI. 769.
Palla, Roman mantle, XVI. 769.
Palla Isle, XVI. 769.
Palladio (Andrea), XVI. 769 — his
architectural publications and works,
III. 425, 426 —his designs of the
orders of architecture, 452.
Palladium, statue, XVI. 769.
 , a metal, VI. 422—salts of oxide
of, 452—specific gravity of, XII. 34-
native, XV. 165.
Palladius, bishop, XVI. 769—his mis¬
sion to Ireland, XII. 352.
Pallanza, XVI. 769.
PAllas (Simon Peter), XVL 769—his
botanical labours, V. 79—on orni¬
thology, XVI. 548.
— , planet, IV. 29—discovery of,
III. 748.
 , goddess. See Minerva.
PALLAviciNO<(Ferrante), XVI. 771.
 (Cardinal), his History of the
Council of Trent, I. 421.
PalLeeangan Isle, XVI. 772.
Pallet, XVI. 772.
Pallets of a clock, VI. 7 68, et seq.
Palliatai, XVI. 772.
Palliser (Sir Hugh), IV. 349 ; V. 406
—his dispute with Keppel, 4’07.
 (Cape), XVL 772.
Palliser’s Islands, XVI. 772.
Pallium, XVI. 772.
Palm, XVII. 452—texture of wood.of,
III. 62—bark of, 64—stem of, 81—
an emblem of victory, XVI. 773.
Palm Islands, XVI. 773.
Palm Sunday, XVI. 773.
Palma, XVL 773; XIV. 49; XV. 702.
Palmae, in botany, V. 135.
Palmarole, island, XVIII. 362.
Palmas (Las), XVI. 773.
Palmer (F.), prosecution of, V. 471.
 —- (Mr), his improvements in the
post-office, XVIII. 488.
116
INDEX,
PAL—PAN
Palmerston Island, XVI. 773.
Palmi, Italian city, XVI. 773.
 on ship-building, XX. 263.
Palmiras, XVI. 773.
Palmistry, XVI, 773.
Palmus, measure, XVI. 773.
Palmyra, XVI. 773; VII. 157—ruins
of, III. 444—conquered by Aurelian,
XIX. 412.
—, , worm, XI, 221,
Palmyra-tree of Ceylon, VI. 300.
Palnaud, in India, XVI. 777.
Palo, Turkish town, XVI. 778.
Palos, XVI. 778.
Palpah, in Hindustan, XVI. 778.
Palpatores, insects, IX. 146.
Palpieornes, insects, IX. 150.
Palpimanus, arachnides, III. 363.
Palree, Hindu town, XVI. 778.
Palsy, effect of electricity in curing,
VIII. 641-dn the domestic animals,
XXI. 633.
Paludamentum, XVI. 778.
Paludina, mollusea, XV. 348.
Palus Meotis, XVI. 778.
Paly, XVI. 778—Paly Bende, ib,
Pamboon, in Celebes, XVI. 778.
Pamborus, insect, IX, 130.
Pamer, in Asia, XVI. 778.
Pamiers, in France, XVI. 778.
Pampas of S. America, II. 607, 642,
Pampeluna, XVI. 778.
Pamper, Hindu town, XVI. 778,
Pamphilus, painter, XVI. 778, 701.
 , insect, IX. 218.
Pamplona, in Colombia, XVI. 778.
Pan, heathen god, XVI. 780.
Panaenus, Greek painter, XVI. 700.
Panagaeus, insect, IX. 128.
Panagur, Hindu town, XVI. 781.
Panama, XVI. 784, 785 — the town
taken by the bucaneers, V. 624.
——— (Isthmus of), XVI. 781—pro¬
posed canal across, II. 651; XVI. 28
—communication with New Zealand
across, XXI. 983.
Panamao Isle, XVI, 787.
Panaon, island, XVI. 787.
Panaraga, in Java, XVI. 787.
Panaria, island, XIII. 370,
Panaroocan, in Java, XVI, 787.
Panathenjea, festival, XVI. 787.
Panaulon, XVI. 787.
Pancarpus, XVI. 787.
Panchberarah XVI. 787.
Panchperee, IV. 468.
Panco Point, XVI. 788.
PANCras, in London, XVI. 788.
Pancratium, exercise, XVI. 788.
Pancreas, anatomy of the, II. 817—dis¬
ease of the, XVII. 482.
Pancreatic juice, XVII. 631 ; VI. 495.
Pancreatin, VI. 496.
Pancsova, XVI. 788.
Panda, goddess, XVI. 788.
Pandanese, in botany, V. 136.
PAndar, Hindu town, XVI. 788.
Pandects, XVI. 788; VI. 717; XIII.
182 — story of their discovery at
Amalfi, VI. 718—Cunningham’s me¬
ditated edition of the, VII. 546.
Pandiculation, XVI. 788.
Pandion, bird, XVI. 562.
Pandiwora, XVI. 788.
Pandocia, mollusca, XV. 368.
Pandola, mollusca, XV. 364.
Pandora, XVI. 788.
Pandura, XVI. 788.
Panegyric, XVI. 788.
Panegyricum, XVI. 788.
Panel, XVI. 788—in architecture,III.
468—in joinery, V. 688.
Panela, Hindu town, XVI. 789,
Pangansane Isle, XVI. 789.
Pangolin, in zoology, XIV. 144.
Pangonia, insect, IX. 265.
Pangootarran, island, XVI. 789.
Panha, Hindu village, XVI. 789.
Paniany, XVI. 789, 763.
Panic, XVI. 789.
Panicle, in botany, V. 40.
Panionia, festival, XVI. 789.
Paniput. See Punaiput.
PAN—PAP
Panmelodicon, XVI. 789.
Pannah, Hindu town, XVI, 789.
Pannaria, island, XVI. 789.
Pannartz, early printer, XVIII. 548.
Panniput, Hindu town, XVI. 789-
battle of, XI. 412.
Panopea, in conchology, XV. 341.
Panoplis, ruins of, VIII. 544.
Panorama, XVI. 789.
Panormo, Turkish town, XVI. 790.
Panorpa, insect, IX. 212.
Panorpatse, insects, IX. 211.
Panou, Russian river, XVI. 790.
Pant.*nus, philosopher, XVI. 790.
Pantalone, XVI. 790.
Pantaloon, XVI. 790.
Pantellaria, island, XVI. 790.
Panthea, XVI. 790.
Pantheism, XVI. 790.
Pantheon of Rome, XVI. 791 ; XIX.
428—its architecture, HI. 44 3, 444.
Panther, XIV. 121.
Pantiku, Turkish village, XVI. 792.
Pantograph, XVII. 1.
Pantomime, XVII. 2.; VII. 614—use
of the language of, with the deaf and
dumb, 648, 651.
Panurgus, insect, IX. 233.
Panwell, Hindu town, XVII. 2.
Pane Isle, XVII. 2.
Pao (San Juan del), XVII. 2.
Pao-King, in China, XVII. 3.
Paola, Italian city, XVII. 3.
Paoli (General), Boswell’s visit to, V, 27.
Paoom, island, XVII. 3.
Paoting, Chinese city, XVII. 3.
Pap Castle, XVII. 7.
Papa, Hungarian town, XVII. 3.
Papal States, XVII. 3—weights and
measures of the, XXI. 855.
Papandayang, volcano in the island of
Java, XVII. 511, 513.
Papaveracese, in botany, V. 96.
Papaw tree, V. 68.
Papayaceae, in botanv, V. 111.
Papemberg, island, XVII. 7.
Paper, XVII. 7—of books, IV, 621
—mode of whitening and cleaning,
692—ancient, VIII. 37—filtering, IX.
583—why a worse preserver of writ¬
ing than vellum, XII. 269—Japanese,
517—kind used by the early Mentz
printers, XVIII. 546, n. 1 — paper¬
making in France, X. 182—bleaching
of rags, IV. 691. See Diplomatics.
Paper-Money, XVII. 19. See Bank¬
notes, Bills of Exchange.
Paphlagonia, XVII. 48.
Paphos, islands, XVII. 48.
Papias, ancient bishop, XVII. 48.
Papier Mache, XVII. 48.
Papilio, insect, IX. 241.
Papillae, II. 752; XVII. 606-of the
tongue, ip man, II. 804 ; in the lower
animals, III. 27,
Papillon (John Michael), wood-engrav¬
er, XXI. 917.
Papillone, in heraldry, XI. 252.
Papin (Dr), on transmission of force
through air in pipes, XVIII. 109.
   (Denys), his digester, I. 654;
XX. 608, 577—on the preparation of
food by steam, 608—his steam-engine,
635—his suggestion of steam-naviga¬
tion, 686.
Papinian, lawyer, XVII. 48.
Papists. See Pope, Popery, Roman Ca¬
tholics.
Papous, II. 710 ; XVII. 554, 698.
Pappal, in Borneo, XVII. 48 ; V. 10.
Pappenheim, XVII. 48 ; XXI. 18.
Pappus of Alexandria, XVII. 48—his
solution of the trisection of -an arc,
HI. 131_on the works and charac¬
ter of Apollonius, 287-9 — parts of
Apollonius preserved by, VII. 219-
works of, X. 427 ; XIV. 315—on me¬
chanics, 349.
Papua, or New Guinea, XVII. 48 ; IV,
210—Papous, or Papuans, II. 710;
XVII. 554., 698.
Papyrus, XVII. 48 ; VIII. 466—paper
made from the, 37 ; XVII. 7—papyri
PAR
found at Herculaneum, VII. 642 ;
XI. 263; XV. 708.
Par, or equal, XVII. 50.
Para, XVII. 50—population of, V. 202
—trade of, 210.
Parable, XVII. 54.
Parabola, VII. 221.
Paraboloid, mensuration of, XIV. 575.
Paracatu, in Brazil, XVII. 54.
Paracelsus (P. A. T.), XVII. 54—cha¬
racter of, I. 18—his application of
chemistry to pharmacy, 454—on de¬
mons, III. 295, w.—history of, VI. 345
—writings of, 346—on the medical
qualities of the magnet, XIV. 2.
Paracentisis in animals, XXI. 631.
Parachronism, II. 680.
Parachute, II. 190—theory of, 191.
Paraclete, XVII. 56.
Paradanga, in Bengal, XVII. 56.
Paradis (Mle.), IV. 702.
Paradise, XVII. 56—condition of man
in, XXI. 214—Mahommedan, XIV.
37. See Eden.
 (Birds of), XVI. 585.
Paradox, XVII. 56—hydrostatic, XII.
12, 13.
Paradoxi, XVII. 57.
Paradoxurus, in zoology, XIV. 118.
Paragaud^, XVII. 57.
Paragogue, XVII. 57,
Paragong, Hindu town, XVII. 57.
Paragraph, XVII. 57.
Paragreles, VIII. 622.
Paraguay, in South America, XVII.
57 ; II. 643—Indians of, 630—means
adopted by the Jesuits to improve
them, 626, 630—Jesuits in, V. 143;
XII. 554; XVIII. 143.
 , river, XVII. 63—its navigation,
V. 649 ; XVI. 28.
Paragus, insect, IX. 273.
Paraiba, or Parahyba, in Brazil, XVII.
64—river, 65 ; XIX. 247.
Paralipomena, XVII. 65.
Parallax, XVII. 65; II. 32—explana¬
tion of, III. 761—solar, 773; I. 671-2
—lunar, ib.; III. 786—of Mars, IV.
24—of the fixed stars, 43—mode of
computing, 67.
Parallel, XVJI. 65.
  Lines, X. 437—how to draw
them, 451.
  Motion of steam-engine, XX.
657.
 Sphere, XVII. 65.
Parallels of Latitude, XVII. 65 ; X..
405—of Altitude, XVII. 65—of De¬
clination, ib.; III. 755.
Parallelogram, X. 433, 438, 445—how
to construct one, 451.
 offerees, VIII. 356 ; XIV. 350,
353—some special uses of, VIII. 362
—machine for illustrating, XIV. 454,
Parallelopiped, XVII. 65; X. 460.
Paralogism, XVIL 65.
ParamaBcium, animalcules, III. 188.
Paramaribo, XVII. 65.
Paramatta, XVII, 65 ; XXL 712.
Parameter, VII. 247,
Parana, river, XVII, 66, 63—naviga¬
tion of the, V. 649.
Parandra, insect, IX. 178,
Paranthine, a mineral, XV. 153.
Paranymph, XVII. 67.
Parapet, in fortification, XVII. 67—in
architecture, III. 462, 468.
Paraphernalia, XVII. 67.
Paraphrase, XVII. 67.
Paraphrosyne, XVII. 67.
Parasang, measure, XVII. 67.
PARASceniom, XVII. 67.
Paraselene, XVII. 67.
Parasemon, XVII. 67.
Parasita, insects, IX. 60, 295.
Parasite, XVII. 67.
Parasites, in botany, XVII. 68.
Parastas, in architecture, III. 468.
Paratonnerre, XVII. 538.
Parbuncle, XVIL 68.
Parc,*, or Fates, XVII. 68.
Parchment, XVII. 68—formerly used
for books, IV, 621.
PAR
Parcieux (M. de), his aqueduct at Pari*,
XXI. 790. See Deparcieux.
Pardalotus, bird, XVI. 568.
Pardies (Ignatius Gaston), French Je¬
suit, XVII. 68; I. 551.
Pardon, XVII. 68—royal prerogative
ot, IX. 37—wherein distinct from jus¬
tification, XXI. 230.
ParS (Ambrose), his surgical skill and
improvements, XX. 828.
Pareenuggur, XVII. 69.
Paregorics, XVII. 70.
Parelcon, XVII. 70.
Parembole, XVII. 70.
Parenchyma, II. 731; III. 57,59 ; XVII.
596, 640—of trees, III. 83.
Parent, XVII. 70—duties to and of,
XV. 471, 472—Mosaic law relating
to parent and child, XV. 566—paren¬
tal affection of brutes, V. 616.
 (Mons.), on mathematics, XIV.
321—on mechanics, 352—on the sails
of windmills, 433.
Parentalia, XVII. 71.
Parenthesis, XVII. 71.
Parga, Greek town, XVII. 71.
Parhelion, XVII. 71, 542 ; XIV. 750 ;
XVI. 509—colours of, VI. 634.
Paria, a province of Bolivia, XVII.
72—Gulf of, 73.
Parian Chronicle, III. 659,
Parias, or Pariahs, Hindu tribe, XVII.
73; V. 178.
Parietal bones of man, II. 774—of the
mammalia. III. 4.
Parillin, VI. 467.
Pari me (Cordillera of), in America, II.
608—its geology, 609.
Parinacochas, in Peru, XVII. 73.
Paris, capital of France, XVII. 73^-
Chirurgical Academy of, II. 68—Royal
Academy of Sciences, 69—Academy of
Painting and Sculpture, 73—Acade¬
mies of Music, Architecture, Dan¬
cing, and Medals, 74, 75 ; of Politics,
77—first ascent of a balloon at, 185
—prevalence of the crime of poison¬
ing in, during the reign of .Louis
XIV., III. 314—dome of the Halle du
Bled, 392 ; XIX. 456—architecture
of public buildings, HI. 427—Institu¬
tion for the Blind, IV. 699—iron
bridge at, V. 279—Deaf and Dumb
Asylum, VII. 658—dramatic criticism
in, VIII. 166—taken by the Allies in
1814, X. 168—street-lamps of, XIII.
45, 345—libraries, 305—variation of
the needle, 738 ; and of. its dip, 745-
births, deaths,&c., XV, 531—prostitu¬
tion, XVIII. 256—the Sorbonne, XX,
481—university of, XXI. 483—aque¬
ducts at, 790—measures used in, 847,
—  -, in Kentucky, XII. 698-9.
 (Plaster of) See Gypsum.
  — (Matthew), English historian,
XVII. 82 ; XIII. 293.
 , son of Priam, XVII. 82.
—  , Roman actor, VIII, 152,
Parish, XVII. 83—English parishes,
VIII. 763—Scotch, XIX. 762, 763.
Parish-clerk, XVII. 83.
Parish-registers, XV. 513.
Parish-schools, Scotch, XIX. 765.
Park, XVIJ. 83; XX. 301, n.
 (Mungo), traveller, XVII. 83;
X. 403—his African discoveries, II.
220, 236—fiis death, 238 —literary
aid of Bryan Edwards to, VIII. 452
—his discovery of the course of the
Niger, XVI. 220.
 (Mr), on codification, XIII. 193,
Parker (Sir Hyde), V. 414—his expedi¬
tion against Copenhagen, 500.
  (Matthew), archbishop of Can¬
terbury, XVII. 85 — his English
Bible, IV. 618.
 (Peter), printer, XVIII. 554.
 (Richard), mutiny of, V. 481.
Parker’s burning-lens, V. 726, 738.
 cement, V, 678, 680, 681.
Parkinson on hop-growing, II. 294.
Parkur, in Hindustan, XVII. 85.
Parley, XVIR 85,
PAR
Parliament, XVII. 85—English, IX.
7, et seq.—bill in, IV. 640—septennial
act, V. 376—attempt to repeal that
act, 379—prosecution of printers in
1771 for publishing debates, 395 —
its right to advise the sovereign as
to peace and war, 420—Pitt’s plan
for reform of, 428, 436—Flood’s mo¬
tion for reform, 457 — societies of
the “ Friends of the People” for pro¬
curing reform, 463, 466—Mr Grey’s
motions for reform, 463, 470—effect
of the French revolution in extending
the desire for reform, 466—first meet¬
ing of the imperial parliament, 498
—agitation for reform, 546, 577, 580
— bills for reform, 551, 553, 556,
558, 578, 581—passing of the reform
act, 584—committee of, VII. 177—
Scotch representatives in, XIX. 766
—Horne Tooke’s exertions to procure
the publication of debates, XXI. 335
—Parliamentary Reports, XX. 568.
 House, Edinburgh, VIII. 419.
Parma (Duke of), his operations in the
Netherlands, XVI. 109.
 , Italian state and city, XVII. 91
—cheese of, VII. 591—coins in, XV.
408, 410—school of painting, XVI.
719 — weights and measures, XXI,
854.
Parmacella, mollusca, XV. 357.
Parmaribo, XI. 22.
Parmesan cheese, VII. 591.
Pakmigiano, Italian painter and en¬
graver, XVII. 91 ; IX. 45—-his style
of painting, XVI. 719.
Parnahiba, town in Brazil, XVII. 734.
Parnassiese, in botany, V. 98.
Parnassius, insect, IX. 241.
Parnassus, mountain, XVII. 91.
Parnell (Dr Thomas), poet, XVII. 92.
— (Sir Henry) on banking in Ire¬
land, XVII. 44.
Parnella, Hindu town, XVII 92.
Parnopes, insects, IX, 227.
Parnus, insect, IX. 150.
Paro, river, XVII. 92.
Parody, XVII. 92.
Parole, XVII. 92.
Paronomasia, XVII. 93.
Paronychiacese, in botany, V. 112.
Paropsiese, in botany, V. 111.
Paropsis, insect, IX. 183.
Paros, island, XVII. 93—Parian Chro¬
nicle, III. 659.
Parotia, bird, XVI. 588.
Parotid gland, II. 804—disease of, in
the domestic animals, XXI. 622.
ParparsarAt, XVII. 93.
Parr (Catherine), queen of England,
XVII. 93 5 VIII. 743-6, 750.
• (Samuel), XVII. 93—his charge
of plagiarism against Dr Middleton,
IV. 553 —his correspondence with
Malcolm Laing, XIII. 21, 23| 25—
letter from him to Roscoe, XIX. 474.
 (Thomas), XVII. 97,
 , fish, XII. 208.
Parra, bird, XVI. 626.
Parrakeet, bird, XVI. 602.
Parrels, XVII. 98.
Parret, river, XX. 475.
Parrhasiana, II. 675.
Parrhasius, XVII. 98 ; XXI. 988—
paintings of, XVI. 701.
 (James), XVII. 98.
Parriah, Hindu town, XVII. 98.
Parricide, XVII. 98.
Parrot, XVI. 603.
 (Prof.), his filter, IX. 581.
 Islands, XVII. 98.
Parrot-fish, XII, 196.
Parry (Dr), on crossing breeds of sheep,
It. 335—on the fineness of wools,
XXI. 920.
 (Sir Edward), arctic voyages of,
X. 401, 757 ; XVIII. 220, 221.
Parsee language, XVII. 379.
Parsees, or Persees, XVII. 240; IV.
764 ; XI. 32, 395 — their mythology,
VII. 698—tombs, XXI. 324.
Parsley, culture of, XI. 674.
INDEX.
PAR—PAS
Parsnip, culture of, II. 290 ; XI. 670.
Parson, XVII. 98—a sole corporation,
VII. 374—English parsons, VIII. 788.
Parsonage, XVII. 99.
Parsonauth, XVII. 99.
Parsondas, IV. 542.
Parsons (Mr), his experiments on the
fastenings of ships, XX. 296.
Parsons town, XII. 728.
Part, XVII. 99—Logical—Physical-
Aliquot—Aliquant, ib.
Partalpoor, XVII. 99,
Partanna, in Sicily, XVII. 99.
Parterre, XVII. 99.
Parthenay, in France, XVII. 99,
Parthenon, HI. 435, 471, 472 ; IV. 122
—destruction of the, 128.
Parthia, XVII. 99, 260—conquered
by Trajan, XIX. 407.
Parthians, XI. 479—their wars with the
Romans, XIX. 396„
Parti, in heraldry, XVII. 106.
Participles, XVII. 106; X. 666, 684.
Partisan, XVII. 106.
Partitions of timber, V. 685,
Partners, in shipbuilding^ XX. 285.
Partnership, XVII. 106.
Partridge, XVII. 106 ; XVI. 611—
partridge-shooting, XX. 312.
—— (Mr), his composition for dimi¬
nishing friction, XIV. 443.
Partridge’s Island, XVII. 106.
Parturition, XIV. 494 ; XVII. 692—
time of, in different animals, III. 169.
See Gestation, Midwifery'.
Party, XVII. 106.
Parupanada, XVII. 106.
Parus, bird, XVI. 579.
Parvich, island, XVII. 106.
Parys, copper-mine of, III. 132.
Pasanga, island, XVII. 107.
Pasay, in Sumatra, XVII. 107.
Pascal (Blaise), XVII. 107—his Provin¬
cial Letters, I. 81, 82-—his Thoughts
on Religion, 82—on pneumatics, IV.
386 ; XVIII. 74—on hydrodynamics,
XII. 2—on mathematics, XIV. 317,
318—his calculating-machine, 354—
on probability, XVIII. 591.
Pasco, in Peru, XVII. 109.
Pasha, or Bashaw, IV. 425 ; XXI. 422
—Greek, X. 733.
Pasigraphy, XVII. 109.
Pasihan, island, XVII. 109.
Pasiphae, XVII. 109.
Pasites, insect, IX. 234.
Pasley (John), XXI. 170.
  (Colonel), his telegraph, XXL
138, et seq.
Pasquin, XVII. 109.
Pasquinade, XVII. 110.
Pass, in fencing, XVII. 110.
Passade, XVII. 110.
Passage Island, XVII. 110.
■ Isle, XVII. 110.
Passages, Spanish port, XVII. 110.
Passagno, VI. 98.
Passalus, insect, IX. 162.
Passaman, XVII. 110.
Passandra, insect, IX. 117.
Passant, in heraldry, XVII. 110.
Passarouang, XVII. 110.
Passau, in Bavaria, XVII. 110.
Passiflorese, in botany, V. 111.
Passion, XVII. 110—distinguished from
conscience, I. 410 ; and.from emotion,
VIII. 692—figurative language appro¬
priate to animating passion, VII. 186
—passions of man, XV. 457, 459—
their contrast, 464—their effects on
the countenance, XIV. 196.
Passion Week, XVII. 110.
Passir, XVII. 110 ; V. 10.
Passive, XVII. 110—Obedience, HI;
V. 632—Strength, VI. 152.
Passover, XVII. 111.
Passport, XVII. 112.
Passumah, XVII. 112.
Pasteboard, XVII. 112.
Pastern, XVII. 112.
Pastil, XVII. 112.
Pastime, or sport, XVII. 112.
Pasto, in Colombia, XVII. 114.
PAS—PAT
PastopHori, XVII. 114.
Pastoral tribes of Asia, III. 685—their
manners, 694.
 Poetry, XVIII. 152, 399.
Pastures, II. 310 ; XV. 73—their influ¬
ence on milk, 73. See Meadow.
Pata Isle, XVII. 114.
Pataeci, XVII. 114.
Patagonia, XVII. 114—climate of, II
612—stature of the natives of, 630;
XIV. 202.
Patan, Hindu town, XVII. 119.
PatanV, XVII. 119.
Patara, Turkish town, XVII. 119.
Patatan, XVII. 119.
Patavinity, XVII. 120.
Patchow Islands, XVII. 120.
Patcoona, XVII. 120.
Pate, in fortification, XVII. 120.
Patee, in heraldry, XVII. 120.
Patella, or knee-pan, II. 790—sprain of,
in cattle, XXI. 618.
  , in conchology, XV. 348, 360,
373.
Patellimani, insects, IX. 128.
Patent, wherein different from copy¬
right, VII. 314—defects of law of
VI. 800.
Patera, XVII. 120.
Paterculus (C. Velleius), historian,
XVII. 120—Burman’s edition of, V.
718—on Roman literature, XVII. 412.
Paternity, XIV. 494. See Father,
Paterno, Sicilian city, XVII. 120.
Paternosters (Great and Little), islets,
XVII. 120.
Paterson (Lieutenant), on the tetraodon
electricus, VIII. 614.
 (Rev. Mr), projector of the Scot¬
tish colony of Darien, VII. 625.
Patery, in Hindustan, XVII. 120.
Pathhead, XVII. 120.
Pathognomonic, XVII. 120.
Pathology, XVII. 121, 584; XIV.
515, et seq. See Disease.
Patience, XVII. 138; XV. 470.
Patientia Strait, XVII. 138.
Patigumo, XVII. 138.
Patin (Guy), XVII. 138.
 (Charles), XVII. 138.
Patkul (John Reinhold), XVII. 138.
Patmos, Greek island, XVII. 139—an¬
cient MSS. in, XIII. 289.
Patna, Hindu city, XVII. 139.
Patomack. See Potowmack.
Patonce, in heraldry, XVII. 139.
Patos (Lagoa dos), XIX. 245.
Patras, Greek city, XVII. 139.
Patree, Hindu town, XVII. 140,
Patriarch, XVII. 140—ecclesiastical,
XI. 489—nature of the property of
the ancient patriarchs, XVIII. 660.
Patriarchal Cross, XVII. 142.
Patrician, Roman, XVII. 142 ; I. 304.
Patricius (Franciscus), works of, I. 25.
Patrick (St), XVII. 142—his mission
to Ireland* XII. 352.
 (St), Order of, XVII. 143.
 (Simon), bishop, XVII. 143.
Patrin on meteorolites, XIV. 714.
Patrimony, XVII. 143,
Patrington, XVII. 143.
Patriotism, XVII. 143—duties of, XV.
477.
Patripassians, sect, XVII. 144.
Patrobus, insect, IX. 128.
Patroolus, Greek chief, XVII. 144.
Patrol, in war, XVII. 144.
Patron, Roman, XVII. 144 ; XIX.
377—^patron-saints in the Church of
Rome, XVII. 144.
Patronage, XVII. 144; II. 169—in
Scotland, XXI. 911.
Patronymic, XVII. 149.
Patros, in Egypt, XVII. 150.
Pattan, XVII. 150.
Pattealah, XVII. 150.
Patterson, a town in the state of New
Jersey, XII. 543.
Patti, Javanese town, XVII. 150.
Pattiary, Hindu town, XVII. 150.
Pattur, town in Bengal, XVII. 150,
Pau, in France, XVII. 150.
nr
PAU—PEA
 , island, XVII. 150.
Paucartambo, XVII. 150.
Paukputtan, XVII. 150.
Paul (St), XVII. 150—the Clermont
Manuscript of his Epistles, VI. 743—
Lord Lyttleton on his conversion,
XIII. 616.
 , emperor of Russia, XIX. 554.
 (St), island, XVII. 156 ; IV. 217.
 , bishop of Narbonne, XVII. 156.
 (Father), XVII. 156—Amelot’s
French translatioh of his History of
the Council of Trent, II. 604.
Paul’s (St), cathedral in London, XIII.
518—its architecture, III. 429—dome
388, 889—dome-vaulting, 392—pro¬
tection from lightning, VP. 105 —
roof, XIX. 440-1, 454.
Paulee, Hindu fortress, XVII. 157.
Pauli (Simon), II. 698.
Paulianists, heretics, XVII. 158.
Paulicians, XVII. 128.
Paulinus, bishop, XVII. 158.
   of Nola, XXL 648.
 (Suetonius), V. 299 ; XIX. 403.
Paulo (Marco), XVII. 158. See Polo.
 (San), in Brazil, XVII. 159.
Paulus iEgineta on surgery, XX. 825.
  — jEmilius, II. 172 ; VI. 198.
 Catena, V. 301.
Paunch of ruminants, III. 35.
Paunching of cattle, XXL 624.
Paungaow, XVII. 162.
Pauperism in Dumbartonshire, VIII.
260—Glasgow, X. 546 — Spain, XX.
522—United States, XXL 461—Wig-
tonshire, 883. See Mendicity, Poor-
Laws.
Pausania, Greek festival, XVII. 162.
Pausanias, Spartan king, XVII. 162;
IV. 161—clemency of, VI. 736.
 , ancient Greek antiquary, XVII.
162—his description of Athens, IV.
114, n. 1; 115.
Pause, or stop, XVII. 163.
Pausias, XVI. 699, 704.
Paussus, insect, IX. 176.
Pauw (Cornelius de), XVII. 163—on
ancient festivals, III. 257.
Pay an, Spanish dance, XVII. 163.
Pavia, in Italy, XVII. 163.
Pavia-tree, XVII. 787.
Pavilion, XVII. 163.
Paving, XVII. 164—with bricks and
tiles, V. 671—with stone, 676.
Pavo, constellation, XVII. 164.
 , bird, XVI. 606.
Pavonia, insect, IX. 242.
Pavor, Roman deity, XVII. 164.
Paw, in the manege, XVII. 164.
Pawanghur, Hindu town, XVII. 164.
Pawn, or pledge, XVII. 164.
Pawnbrokers, origin of their sign of
three balls, III. 308.
Pawtucket, XIX. 223.
Paxilloma, insect, IX. 218.
Paxillus# insect, IX. 162.
Paxo, island, XII. 341.
Paymaster-general of the British army,
III. 619.
Pays de Vaud, population of, XV. 515.
Paz (General), V. 660.
 (La), in Bolivia, XVII. 164.
Pea, evolution of the, HI. 79—its inter¬
nal structure, 80—culture of peas, II.
283; XL 668.
Peace (Temple of), XVII. 165.
Peaches, culture of, XI. 641, 658.
Peacock, XVI. 606.
 (Mr), his filter, IX. 581.
Peak of Derby shire, X VII. 16 5 ; VH. 734.
Peak Forest Canal, XVI. 17.
Pear, ovulum in the, III. 100—-culture
of, XI. 646—ripening of, XXL 584.
Pearce (Dr), bishop, XVII. 165.
  (Mr), notice of his' travels in
Abyssinia, II. 57.
Pearl, XVII. 166—of Japan, XII. 512
—specific gravity of, 34—^production
of, XV. 373—artificial, XVII. 166—
mother-of-pearl, ib.; XVI. 444.
Pearl-fishery of Bahrein, IV. 284—off
Ceylon, VI. 300 ; VIII. 60.
118
INDEX
PEA—PEI
Peabl-Ash, XYII. 166.
Pearl-divers, VIII. 60.
Pearl-sinter, XV. 157.
Pearlstone, XV. 157—sp.gr. of, XII. 31.
Pearl type, XXL 436.
Pearsall (Mr), on the phosphorescent
effects of electricity, VIII. 635.
Peabson (John), bishop, XVII. 166.
  (Dr), on the micrometer, XV.
12, 14, 16, 18—on cow-pox, XXI. 534.
Pear-trees, XVII. 788—specific gravity
of wood of, XII. 34.
Peasant, XVII. 166.
Pease-bridge, IV. 599.
Peat, XVII. 166—Irish, XII. 391—spe¬
cific gravity of, 34. See Bogs.
Pebas, in Peru, XVII. 167.
Pebbles, XVII. 167.
Peccary, an animal, XIV. 150—struc¬
ture of, XVII. 707.
Feche madame, fish, XII. 170.
Peck (Francis), XVII. 167.
Pecora, in zoology, XIV. 154.
Pecquet, physiological discoveries of, II.
698; XVII. 728.
Pecs, Hungarian city, XVII. 167.
Pecten, in conchology, XV. 343, 373.
Pectenidse, mollusca, XV. 367.
Pectic acid, VI. 430.
Pectinibranchia, mollusca, XV. 363.
Pectobal, XVII. 167.
Pectorales pediculati, in ichthyology,
XII. 194.
Pectunculus, in conchology, XV. 343.
Peccliab, XVII. 167.
Peculiars, Court of, XVII. 167.
Peculium, XVII. 168.
Pedagogue, XVII. 168.
Pedal, musical term, XVII. 168.
Pedalineas, in botany, V. 121.
Pedant, XVII. 168'.
Pedabian Senators, XVII. 168.
Pedatuba, XVII. 168.
Pedbabalabaram, XVII. 168.
Peddapoee, XVII. 168.
Pedestal, in architecture, XVII. 168 ;
III 469—in Italian architecture, 452.
Pedestrian feats, XI. 96. See Walking.
Pedetes, in zoology, XIV. 147.
Pediaean, XVII. 168.
Pedicle, in botany, XVII. 168; V. 40.
Pediculus, insect, IX. 296.
Pediments, in architecture, III. 461, 469
-—Doric, 438—Ionic, 440—Roman Co¬
rinthian, 449.
Pedir, in Sumatra, XVII. 168.
Pedometer, XVII. 168.
Pedra Blanca, XVII. 168.
Pedraza (General), XIV. 792.
Pedro (Dom), of Portugal, XVII. 168.
  (Dom), emperor of Brazil, II.
639 ; V. 196.
 the Cruel, XX. 497.
Pedum, in conchology, XV. 343.
Peduncle of flowers, III 95, 96 ; V. 40.
Peeblesshire, XVII. 169.
Peebles, Scottish town, XVII. 170.
Peek, XVII. 171.
Peel, town in the Isle of Man, XVII.
m ; XIV. 209.
• (Sir R.), V. 569, et seq.—his mo¬
tion for financial reform, 572—on
the repeal of the test and corporation
acts, 573—his measure for Catholic
emancipation, 576.
Peelas Isles, XVII. 171.
Peers, XVII. 171—are hereditary coun¬
sellors of the crown, VII. 429—French
Chamber of Peers, X. 212—Scotch
peers, XIX. 766.
Peerage, English, IX. 12—rights of,
XVI. 235—opposition to the elevation
of Lord George Germaine to the peer¬
age, V. 419.
Peeress, XVII. 171.
Peergaum, XVII. 171.
Pegasus, XVII. 171—fish, XII. 227.
Pegau, in Saxony, XVII. 171.
Pegmares, XVII. 171.
Pegu, Asiatic country, XVII. 171—two
temples near Syrian in, VII. 695—
timber of, XXL 299.
Peignot (G.), on prohibited books, IV.
PEI—PEN
628—his classification of books, 631
— his bibliographical works, 632.
Peiho, Chinese river, XVII. 173.
Peina, in Hanover, XVII. 173.
Peine Forte et Dure, XVII. 174.
Peinghee, Burmese town, XVII. 174.
Peirce (James), XVII. 174.
Peiresc (Nicolas Claude Fabri), XVII.
174; 11.698; XL 311.
Peisistratus. See Pisistratus.
Pekan, in zoology, XIV. 109.
Pekiangho, river, XVII. 175.
Peking, or Pekin, XVII. 175—the Pe¬
kin Gazette, VI. 552.
Pelagians, XVII. 176 ; XVIII. 515.
Pelagius, XVII. 176; XX. 87—his opi¬
nion of baptism, IV. 353.
  , in zoology, XIV. 124.
Pelaighe, Hindu town, XVII. 176.
Pelamys, fish, XII. 183.
Pelandah, Hindu village, XVII. 176.
Pelangy, river, XVII. 176.
Pelargonium, XI. 686.
Pelasgi, XVII. 176, 394, 698 ; X. 620;
XIX. 360, 376—their architecture,
III. 413—alphabet, II. PL XIX.
Pelat.®, in Athens, XVII. 179.
Pelates, fish, XII. 169.
Pelaudah, XVII. 179.
Pelayo, his wars with the Moors in
Spain, XX. 494.
Pelecanus, bird, XVI. 633.
Pelecinus, insect, IX. 218.
Pelecocera, insect, IX. 274.
Peleg, son of Eber, XVII. 179.
Pelethites, XVII. 179.
Peleus, XVII. 179.
Pelew Islands, or Palaos, XVII. 179 ;
XVIII. 318-19.
Pelham (Lord), on the peace of Amiens,
V. 507.
Pelias, XVII. 181.
Pelican, XVI. 633.
Pelicium, insect, IX. 128.
Pelicondah, Hindu town, XVII. 181.
Pelime, river, XVII. 181.
Peling, island, XVII. 181.
Pelion, mountain, XVII. 181.
Pelitarius, French mathematician, dis¬
coveries of, I. 442.
Pella, in Macedonia, XVII. 181.
Pelletier (Bertrand), XVII. 181.
Peltier (M.), on electricity, VIII. 575—
galvanic experiments of, XXI. 678—
on thermo-electricity, 699—his ther¬
mo-electric hygrometer, 700.
Pellew (Sir Edward)’s Group, on the
coast of New Holland, XVII. 182.
Pellicula of seeds, III. 73.
Pellisson Fontanier (Paul), French
writer, XVII. 182.
Pelocophorus, insect, IX. 145.
Pelocotoma, insect, IX. 168.
Pelopseus, insect, IX. 229.
Pelopia, Elean festival, XVII. 182.
Pelopidas, XXI. 195-8,
Peloponnesian war, IV. 155.
Peloponnesus, XVIL 182.
Pelops, XVII. 182.
Pelor, fish, XII. 174.
Pelta, XVII. 182.
Peltastes, insect, IX. 222.
Pelusium, Egyptian city, XVII. 182.
Pelussin, French town, XVII. 182.
Pelvis, XVII. 615—regions of, II. 757—
bones of, 767—dimensions, &c., of,
768—of mammalia, III. 7—of birds,
12—of reptiles, 15—of fishes, 17.
Pemba, island, XVII. 182.
Pemberton, in Lancashire, XVIL 182.
  (Dr), on latent disease of the
stomach, XVII. 480.
Pembroke, Welsh town, XVII. 182—
dock-yard at, VIII. 86.
Pembrokeshire, XVII. 182.
Pemgur, Hindu town, XYII. 184.
Pemnagur, Hindu town, XVII. 184.
Pemphedron, insect, IX. 230.
Pen, XVII. 184.
Penaeaceae, in botany, V. 127.
Penapiel, Spanish town, XVII. 184.
Penal code, VIII. 404 ; XII. 639—Ben-
tham on, I. 377. See Punishment.
PEN
Penance, XVIL 184—among the Hin¬
dus, XI. 400 — Popish doctrine of,
XVIII. 405.
Penaranda, XVII. 184,
Penates, XVII. 184 ; XVIII. 335.
Pencil, XVIL 184.
Penclawdd canal, XVI. 17.
Penco, VI. 539.
Penda, king of Mercia, XIV. 590.
Pendant, XVII. 184.
Pendent, in architecture, III. 469.
Pendleton, in Lancashire, XVII. 184.
Pendulum, XVIL 185; XIV. 351—dis¬
coveries of Galileo and others respect¬
ing the, I. 476-9—its slower vibra¬
tion at the equator, and explanation
by Newton and Huygens, 503—bal¬
listic, IV. 321 —- Condamine on its
length at St Domingo, VII. 199 —
earth’s figure as determined by, IX.
572—Galileo on, X. 288 — Hooke’s
conical, XI. 555—oscillation of, XIV.
384—Watt’s conical, 419—influence
of the air on, XVIII. 95—centre of
oscillation, XIX. 497.
 of clock, VI. 767, 785—striking
regulated by, 781 — suspension and
length of, 785.
Penella, XVIL 218.
Penelope, XVII. 218.
 , bird, XVI. 605.
Penetrale, XVII. 218.
Penguin, XVI. 630.
 Island, XVIL 218.
Peniche, XVIL 218.
Penicillus, in conchology, X'V. 349.
Penigk, in Saxony, XVII. 218.
Peninsula, XVII. 218 ; X. 407.
Peninsular war, V. 524, et seq.; X. 148,
et seq. — Wellington’s tactics, XXI.
739, et seq.
Penis, XVIL 688—anatomy of, II. 824
—erectile tissue of, 725, 726.
Penisa, Spanish town, XVII. 218.
Peniscola, Spanish city, XVII. 218.
Penitence, XVII. 218—Order of Peni¬
tence of St Magdalen, ib.
Penitential, XVII. 218.
Penitentiary, XVII. 218, 219—Ameri¬
can penitentiaries, XVI. 193 ; XVIII.
583—Richmond Penitentiary, VIII.
240—Bentham’s Panopticon, XII. 4 62.
Penjine, Russian river, XVII. 219.
Penkridge, XVII. 219.
Penman-Mawr, XVII. 219 ; V. 773.
Penn (William), XVIL 219, 225—Bi¬
shop Burnet’s character of, XIII. 412,
n.—on the character of George Fox,
XVIII. 766—on quakerism, ib., et seq.
Pennant (Thomas), XVII. 220—his his¬
tory of the English chase, VI. 333—
on the Hebrides, XL 201—on the mi¬
gration of the herring, XII. 214—his
account of the Maiden, XIV. 41—on
ornithology, XVI. 549—his account
of Staffa, XX. 556.
Pennar, Hindu river, XVII. 220.
Pennatore, XVIL 220.
Penne, French city, XVII. 220.
Penneck (Dr), on the crank of steam-
engines, XX. 669.
Pennine Alps, II. 558.
Pennsylvania, XVII. 221—canals in,
XVI. 25 ; XXI. 471—settlement of,
XVII. 219—railroads in, XXI. 473-
state‘bonds of, 479.
Penny, English coin, XVII. 220.
Pennyweight, XVIL 221.
Penorcon, XVII. 221.
Penrith, XVII. 221.
Penryn, XVIL 221.
Penrhyn (Port), V. 773.
Pensacola, IX. 627.
Pensionary, XVII. 225—Grand, ib.
Pensions, naval, XVI. 64.
Pentaceros, fish, XII. 169.
Pentachord, XVII. 226.
Pentacrinites, XXI. 1013.
Pentacrostic verse, XVII. 226.
Pentameva, insects, IX. 111.
Pentamerus, molluscum, XV. 344.
Pentameter Verse, XVII. 226.
Pentapohs, XVII. 226.
PEN—PER
Pentastoma, zoophyte, XXI. 997.
Pentateuch, XVII. 226—Samaritan,
363; VIII. 122.
Pentathlon, XVII. 226.
Pentatoma, insect, IX. 195.
Pentecontachordon, XVII. 226.
Pentecost, XVIL 226—Island, ib.
Penthesilea, XVII. 226.
Penthetria, insect, IX. 263.
Penthimia, insect, IX. 204.
Pentland Firth, XVII. 227.
 Hills, in Edinburghshire, VIII.
429—battle of, V. 349.
 (Mr), his account of the Andes,
II. 608 ; IV. 746.
Penula, XVIL 227.
Penitltima, XVII. 227.
Penumbra, XVIL 227 ; IV. 7.
Penzance, XVII. 227.
Peor, mountain, XVIL 227.
Pepin, king of France, X. 7 ; XI. 493,
Peplus, XVII. 227.
Pepo, in botany, V. 49.
Pepong, islands, XVII. 227.
Pepper, XVIL 227, 748—of Cochin-
China, VII. 11—alkali in, VI. 469—
its culture in Sumatra, XX. 807—
Guinea-pepper, VI. 128—Jamaica-
pepper, XVII. 744.
Pepper Bay, XVII. 227.
Pepperberg, XVII. 227.
Pepsis, insect, IX. 229.
Pepys (Samuel), XVI. 40—his manage¬
ment of the navy, 42 ; VIII, 86.
Pepys’s spiral battery, XXI. 672.
Pera, island, XVII. 227.
Perambaucam, XVII. 227.
Perambulator, XVII. 227.
Perameles, in zoology, XIV. 127.
Peranezzi, engravings of, IX. 53.
Perea, fish, XII. 167—angling for Perea
fluviatilis, III. 148.
Perception, in mental philosophy,
XVII. 227 ; XIII. 433—dsfference be¬
tween it and emotion, I. 329—Aris¬
totle on, III. 507.
Perceval (Spencer), V. 522, 527.
Perch, measure, XVII. 227.
 , fish, XVII. 227—common, XII.
167—sea, ib.—black, 187—angling
for, III. 148.
Perching, mechanism of. III. 19.
—  Birds, XVI. 567.
Perchloric acid, VI. 360.
Percidae, fishes, XII. 166—jugular, 170
—abdominal, 171.
Percis, fish, XII. 171.
Percival (Dr), on hunger, XI, 731—on
disease of the pancreas, XVII. 482.
Percolation, XVII. 227.
Percophis, fish, XII. 171.
Percussion, XVII. 227—heat from,
XI. 195—laws of, XIV. 351, 386—
centre of, XIX. 495.
Percussion-locks, XI. 38.
Percy (Bishop), on romance, XIX. 319
—on the minstrels, 322.
  (Henry), Hotspur, VIII. 730,
731.
 , earl of Northumberland, his
rebellion in Queen Elizabeth’s reign,
VIII. 757.
 Isles, XVII. 227.
Perdiccas I. and II., kings of Macedon,
XIII. 620—one of Alexander’s offi¬
cers, 640, et seq.
Perdix, bird, XVI. 611.
Pereaslawl, XVII. 227.
Perecline, a mineral, XV. 153.
Pereira (Gomez), on brutes, V. 613.
 (General), VII. 102.
Perekop, XVIL 228 ; VII. 472.
Perennials, XVII. 228.
Pereslaw, Russian city, XVIL 228.
Perez de la Heata, XIX. 352.
Perfect, XVII. 228.
Perfection, XVII. 228.
Perfume, XVII. 228—perfumes of
Arabia, III. 325, 340.
Pergamo, Turkish town, XVIL 228.
Pergamus, in Asia, XVII. 228—library
of, XIII. 288.
Pergine, Austrian town, XVIL 231.
INDEX
119
PER
Periagoge, in rhetoric, XVII. 231.
Periander, XVII. 231.
Perianthium, XVII. 231; V. 39, 43.
Peri ap at am, XVII. 231.
Peribolus, in architecture, III. 469.
Pericarditis, XVII. 483, 489.
Pericardium, XVII. 231; II. 818.
Pericarp, in botany, XVII. 231; HI.
71, 98 ; V. 47.
Perichsetium, in botany, V. 55.
Perichorus, XVII. 231.
Pericles, XVII. 2315 IV. 153, et seq.—
state of Athens in the age of, 115—
his encouragement of the theatre,
VIII. 146—his intellectual* tastes,
XX. 452.
Pericorollse, in botany, V. 116.
Peridot, specific gravity of, XII. 34.
See Chrysolite.
Perigee, in astronomy, XVII. 233.
Perigonium, in botany, V. 43.
Perigraphe, XVII. 233.
Perigueux, in France, XVII. 233.
Perigynous stamens and petals, V. 41.
Perihelium, XVII. 233.
Perim, island, XVII. 233.
Perimeter, in geometry, XVII. 233.
Perinasum, muscles of the, II. 794.
Perinda, Hindu town, XVII. 233.
Peringary, Hindu town, XVII. 233.
Perinrapax, island, XVII. 233.
Period, in astronomy, &c., XVII. 2S3.
Periods, in chronology, XVII. 233 ;
VI. 653.
Periodic, or periodical, XVII. 234.
Perkecii, XVII. 234 ; X. 409.
Periophthalmus, fish, XII. 194.
Periosteum, II. 739 ; XVII. 601—in¬
ternal, ib.; II. 744—is the agent in
ossification, 745.
Peripatetics, XVII. 234, 431; III. 492.
Peripation, XVII. 234.
Peripeteia, XVII. 234.
Periphery, XVII. 234.
Periphrasis, XVII. 234.
Periplus of Hanno, II. 219; X. 389 ;
XX. 211; VI. 52—of the Erythrean
Sea, II. 220.
Peripnecmony, XVII. 234.
Peripteros, in architecture, III. 469.
Perirphanterium, XVII. 2 34.
Periscii, XVII. 234; X. 409.
Periscopic microscope, XV. 33.
Periscus, V. 761.
Perisperm, in botany, V. 50.
Peristaltic motion, XVII. 234.
Peristamineae, in botany, V. 125.
Peristedion, fish, XII. 173.
Peristyle, XVII. 234 ; III. 469.
Peritoneum, II. 754.
Peritonitis in cattle, XXI. 625.
Peritrochium, XVII. 234.
Periwinkle, XV. 373.
Perizonius (James), XVII. 235—Bur-
man’s attack on, V. 717.
Perizzites, XVII. 235.
Perjury, XVII. 234.
Perkins, his apparatus for heating by
water, XI. 655—on the compressibi¬
lity of'water, XII. 10—Perkins’s me¬
tallic tractors, XIV. 4—Perkins and
Heath’s steel-engraving, IX. 54.
Perla, insect, IX. 214.
Perlicius, drososcope of, VII. 749.
Perlides, insects, IX. 214.
Perm, Russian town, XVII. 235.
Permacoil, XVII. 235.
Permeable, XVII. 235.
Perna, in conchology, XV. 343.
Pernambuco, XVII. 236—settlement
of, V. 189—population of, 202—pro¬
ducts of, 207.
Pernicious Islands, XVII. 238.
Pernis, bird, XVI. 564.
Peron (M.), on sea-serpents, XX. 149.
Perones, shoes, XVII. 238.
Peronia, mollusca, XV. 358.
Peronne, in France, XVII. 238.
Peroration, XVII. 238; XIX. 213.
Perouse (J. F. G. de La), XIII. 97 ;
IV. 350; XVII. 336; XVIII. 323,785.
Perpendicular, XVII. 238 ; X. 4 32,
436, 457.
PER
Perpetual motion, VI. 53 ; XVI. 529.
Perpignan, XVII. 238.
Perrault (Claude), XVII. 238—his
design for the Louvre, III. 427—de¬
finition of “ order of architecture,”
437—on the sound of bells, IV. 545.
 (Charles), XVII. 239.
Perring (Mr), his improvements in an¬
chor-making, III. 106.
Perron (A. H. Anquetil du), III. 236.
 (Jaques Davy du), XVII. 239
—his Table-Talk, II. 675.
Perronet (M.), centres constructed by,
VI. 284—his aqueduct at Paris, XXI.
790.
Perrott (Sir John), his government of
Ireland, XII. 365.
Perruke, or Periwig, XVII. 239.
Perry (Captain John), civil engineer,
XVII. 239.
  , liquor, XVII. 240 ; XL 273.
Persaim, XVII. 24 0 ; IV. 433.
Persaumah, XVII. 240.
Persecution, XVII. 240 ; XVIII. 12-
religious, XIII. 415 ; XXI. 323—of
the French Protestants, VIII. 135—
in ancient Greece, XX. 447.
Persees, XVII. 240. See Parsees.
Persefield, scenery of, X. 341.
Persepolis, ruins of, III. 412, 472;
XVII. 255—inscriptions at, XII. 290
—taken by Alexander, XIII. 632.
Perses, XVII. 230.
Perseus, king of Macedon, XIII. 643.
Pershore, in Worcester, XVII. 240.
Persia, XVII. 241—the supposed hive
of the oriental nations, II. 223—con¬
quered by the Arabs, III. 343—an¬
cient architecture, 412—climate, 679
—horses, 683—notices of history, 689
—manufactures and commerce, 700—
calendar, VI. 6, 662—war with the
Romans, A.D. 359, VII. 276—invaded
by Julian, 277—Justinian’s war with,
281—geometers of, X. 428—conquered
by Alexander, XIII. 631, et se?.—un¬
der the Moguls, XV. 317—Persian
monarchy, 381—empire, III. 685;
XL 473—mythology, XV. 679—ar¬
chives, XVII. 381—polytheism of
magi, XVIII. 331, 341—invaded by
the Romans, XIX. 411, 412, 414, 418
—weights and measures, XXI. 854—
map of, XVII. PI. CCCCV-2.
Persians, their manner of adoration, II.
161—belief in angels. III. 127—An¬
quetil du Perron’s collection of their
sacred writings, 237—Antioch destroy¬
ed by the, 253—ancient armies, 583
—character, 693—cultivation of as¬
tronomy, 735 — Persian Bibles, IV.
616—castes,VI. 221—stoves,547—con¬
quest of Egypt, VIII. 468—language,
XIII. 82; XVII. 379-libraries, XIII.
287—invasion of the Roman empire,
XVI. 754—literature, XVII. 382—
sculpture, XX. 3—invasion of Greece,
525 ; IV. 149, et seq.
Persian w heel, XII. 102.
Persicariae, in botany, V. 126.
Persicus Sinus, XVII. 272.
Persio, VI. 484.
Persius Flaccus (Aulus), XVII. 272,
413—Sir W. Drummond’s translation
of, VIII. 214—poetry of, XVIII. 154.
Person, XVII. 272—in grammar, ib.;
X. 661, 683.
Personal, XVII. 272.
 Action, in law, XVII. 272.
 Identity, XIV. 493, 679.
 Verb, XVII. 272.
Personality, XVII. 272.
Personate, in botany, V. 42.
PERSONiPYiNG.or Personification, XVII.
272; XV. 675.
Persoon, botanist, V. 80.
Perspective, XVII. 273—history of,
XIII. 329—among the ancients, XVI.
629—aerial, XVII. 286—bird’s eye
view in, ib.
Perspicuity of style, Aristotle on, III.
517.
Perspiration, XVII. 649, 655—effects of
PER—PET
electricity on, VIII. 640—obstructed
by damp clothes, IX. 432—of plants,
XXL 574.
Perth, Scotch town, XVII. 286.
Perthshire, XVII. 289.
Pertinax, Roman emperor, XVII. 291
—reign of, XIX. 409.
Perturbations, planetary, III. 749 ; IV.
23.
Pertus, French city, XVII. 292.
Peru, XVII. 292 ; II. 643—climate,
610, 612—ancient civilization, 624—
revolution, 639—suspension-bridges,
III. 118—expedition of the bucaneers
against, V. 625—trade with Buenos
Ayres, 649—castes, VI. 221—invasion
of Chili, 539—French trade, X. 191—
incas, XII. 256—mines, XV. 264—
mythology, 683—heights of moun¬
tains, XVII. 505—earthquakes, 511
—peopling of, 555—weights and mea¬
sures of, XXI. 855—map of, VII. PI.
CLXXVI-2. See Almagro, Bolivar,
Colombia, Peruvians.
Perugia, in Italy, XVII. 308.
Perura, Hindu temple at, VII. 30.
Perussi on perspective, XVII. 273.
Peruvian bark, specific gravity of, XII.
34. See Cinchona.
Peruviana, XVII. 308.
Peruvians, skulls of, 11.616—compared
with the Chinese, 626—language of,
628—appearance and character of, ib.
—Indians of Bolivia, IV. 752, 754—
their tradition of the Deluge, VII.
699. See Peru.
Peruwells, in Belgium, XVII. 308.
Peruzzi, architect. III. 426.
Perwuttun, Hindu village, XVII. 308.
Pesano, Sardinian city, XVII. 308.
Pesaro, Italian city, XVII. 308, 4.
Pesce (Nicolo), Sicilian diver, VIII. 60.
Pescia, Italian city, XVII. 308.
Pescina, Italian city, XVII. 309.
Peshawur, XVII. 309.
Pesth, XVII. 309—fairs of, XL 726.
Pet and Jackman, exploratory voyage
of, XVIII. 217.
Petals of plants, HI. 96 ; V. 42 XXI.
583.
Petalism, XVII. 309.
Petalite, XV. 152—sp. gr. of, XII. 34.
Petalnaig, Hindu town, XVII. 309.
Petalocheirus, insect, IX. 197.
Petaree, Hindu village, XVII. 309.
Petau (Denis), XVII. 309.
Petaurus, in zoology, XIV. 128.
Petchelee, in China, XVII. 310.
Petchora, river, XIX. 565.
Peter, Apostle, XVII. 310.
  (St), and St Paul, in Kamts-
chatka, XII. 674—tides at, XXL 281.
 of Blois, XVII. 312.
 I., Russian emperor, XVII. 313
—his tax on beards, IV. 478—reign
of, XIX. 541. See Czar.
 II., reign of, XIX. 546.
 HI., VI. 244 ; XIX. 548.
 the Hermit, VII. 484.
• the wild boy, XVII. 313.
Peter’s (St), church of, at Rome, VI. 284;
XV. 6 ; XIX. 431.
 (St), New Brunswick, XVI. 148.
 Pence, XVII. 314.
Peterborough, XVII. 314.
  (Earl of), his expedition to
Spain, V. 370.
Peterhead, XVII. 314.
Peters (Col.), on horsemanship, XI. 608.
 le Port, XVII. 323.
Petersburg (St), XVII. 315—Royal
Academy of Sciences, II. 71—Aca¬
demy of Arts, 73 ; of Languages, 77
— architecture of public buildings,
III. 428—port and trade, IV. 330—
Bible Society, 620—sea-walls, VIII.
678—libraries, XIII. 315, 310.
Peterseield, XVII. 323.
Peterswaldau, XVII. 323.
Peterwardein, XVII. 323.
Peterwaradin, battle of, IX. 396.
Petherton, XVII. 323.
Petic, Mexican town, XIV. 818.
PET—PHA
Petiole, III. 93 ; V. 34.
Petion, governor of Hayti, VIII. 106.
Petit (John), XVII. 32 3.
 (Samuel), XI. 312.
 on the pyrometer, XVIII. 749,
et seq.—his surgical improvements,
XX. 829.
Petitio Principii, XVII. 323.
Petiver (James), XVII. 324.
Petiverise, in botany, V. 125.
Petlad, Hindu town, XVII. 324.
Petlahwad, XVII. 324.
Petra, III. 340.
Petrseus (Theodore), XI. 312.
Petrarch (Francis), XVII. 324-—on
the blunders of transcribers, IV. 622
—his kind offices to Boccaccio, V. 723
—his poetry, XVIII. 144, 158.
Petrel, bird, XVI. 631.
 Island, XVII. 331.
Petricola, in conchology, XV. 342.
Petrifaction, XVII. 331.
Petrobrussians, XVII. 332.
Petrojoannites, XVII. 332.
Petroleum, XVII. 332, 243; VI. 443;
XV. 172—found in Ava, IV. 241 —
specific gravity of, XII. 34—used for
lamps, XIII. 41.
Petromyzon, fish, XII. 236.
Petronius Arbiter (C.), XVII. 332—
Burman’s edition of, V. 717.
Petropauloskaia, XVII. 333.
Petropaulofsk,in Kamtschatka, XII.674
—tides at, XXI. 281.
Petrosowodsk, XVII. 333.
Petschanoi, XVII. 333.
Petschora, river, XXI. 914.
Pett (Phineas), XVI. 41; XX. 222.
 (Peter), XX. 222.
 (Mr), the old Sovereign of the
Seas man-of-war built by, VIII. 230.
Petteia, in music, XYII. 333.
Pettipore, Hindu town, XVII. 333.
Petty (Sir William), XVII. 333—on
political economy, XVIII. 265,298, n.
 (Lord H.), on finance, V. 521.
Pettychap, bird, XVI. 576.
Pettycotta, XVII. 335.
Petunze, crystallization of, VII. 519.
Petworth, in Sussex, XVII. 335.
Peutingerian Table, X. 391.
Pewsey, in Wilts, XVII. 335.
Pewsum, in Hanover, XVII. 335.
Pewter, XVII. 335.
Peyaung, Hindu town, XVII. 336.
Peyer (Conrad), anatomist, II. 700.
Peyerian glands, II. 816.
Peyrard’s burning-mirrors, V. 732.
Peyrere (Isaac La), XVII. 336.
Peyron (Professor), his discovery of part
of the Theodosian Code, VI. 715.
Peyrouse. See Perouse.
Peyrusse, French city, XVII. 336.
Peysonell (Dr), on sponges, XX. 547.
Peytahn, XVII. 336.
Peyton (Henry), XI. 749.
Pezay (N. M., Marquis de), XVII. 336.
Pezenas, French city, XVII. 337.
Pezoporus, bird, XVI. 603.
Pezron on the Titans, XXI. 317.
Pfister (Albert), printer, XVIII. 548.
Pfkow, in Russia, XVII. 337.
Phacochoerus, in zoology, XIV. 149.
Phseacia, XII. 341.
PnasDO of Elis, XVII. 337.
Phaidon, insect, IX. 184.
Ph^dra, XVII. 337.
PH/Edrus, XVII. 337 — Cunningham’s
and Clerk’s editions of, VII. 547.
Phaenogamous plants, V. 53.
Phenomenon, XVII. 337.
Phaeton, XVII. 338—bird, XVI. 6 5.
Phak, Afghan district, XVII. 338.
Phalacrocorax, bird, XVI. 633.
Phalacrus, insect, IX. 185.
Phakena, insect, IX. 250—papbia, XX.
352—cynthia, ib.
Phalsenites, insects, IX. 250.
Phalangers, in zoology, XIV. 128.
Phalanges of the fingers, II. 788 — of the
toes, 791, 792—in the mammalia. III.
9—in reptiles, 15.
Phalangista, in zoology, XIV. 127.
2
120
INDEX,
PHA—PHI
Phalangium, arachnides, III. 367.
Pkalanx, XVII. 338—Spartan, III. 585
—Athenian, ib. — Macedonian, 586;
XIII. 622, 643.
Pn a laris, XVII. 338—controversyabout
the Epistles of, IV. 140, 575.
Phalarope, bird, XVI. 624.
Phaler.®, XVII. 338.
Phaleris, bird, XVI. 630.
Phalerum, IV. 126.
Phaleucian Verse, XVII. 338.
Phallusia, mollusca, XV. 370.
Phaiueus, insect, IX. 154.
Phanerogamous plants, V. 53.
Phanes of Halicarnassus, VIII. 468.
Phania, insect, IX. 282.
Phantasia, XVII. 338.
Phantasm, XVII. 338. See Idea.
Phantasmagoric apparatus, XVI. 514.
Phantasy, or Fancy, XVII. 338.
Phanoel, XVII. 338.
Phaon, XVII. 338.
Pharamond, XVII. 339 ; X. 2.
Pharaoh, XVII. 339, 378; XI. 351, n.l.
See Egypt.
Pharaoh-Hophra, VIII. 467.
Pharaoh-Necho, VIII. 467.
Pharaon, or Pharo, XVII. 340.
Pharisees, XVII. 340.
Pharmaci, XVII. 341.
Pharmaceutical, XVII. 341.
Pharmacochemia, XVII. 341.
Pharmacolite, specific gravity of, XII. 34.
Pharmacopceia, XVII. 341.
Pharmacopola, XVII. 341.
Pharmacum, XVII. 341.
Pharmacy, XVII. 341; XIV. 523—cha¬
racters of abbreviations in, VI. 323.
Pharnaces, XVIII. 349, 359.
Pharos, XVII. 341 ; II. 409 ; XX. 15.
Pharsalia, in Thessaly, XVII. 341—
battle of, XIX. 397.
Pharynx, muscles of the, II. 794—ana¬
tomy of the, 814.
Phasaelis, XII. 571.
Phascogale, in zoology, XIV. 127.
Phascolome, structure of, XVII. 705.
Phases, in astronomy, XVII. 341.
Phasia, insect, IX. 281.
Phasianella, in conchology, XV. 347.
Phasianus, bird, Xyi. 608.
Phasingars, XI. 397.
Phasma, insect, IX. 191.
Phazania Regio, IX. 533.
Pheasant, XVI. 610.
Pheasant-shooting, XX. 313,
Phebe, XVII. 341.
Phefel (M.), blind poet, IV. 701.
Phenakistiscope, XVI. 512; XVII. 671.
Phengites, XVII. 341.
Phenicin, VI. 488 ; VIII. 325.
Phenomenon, XVII. 337.
Phenomenology, XVII. 438.
Pheons, in heraldry, XVII. 341.
Pherecrates, XVII. 341.
Pherecydes, philosopher, XVII. 342.
 , historian, XVII. 342.
Pheretima, VII. 576.
Pheron, XI. 324.
Phibalura, bird, XXI. 571.
Phidias, XVII. 342, 232; XVI. 701,
728—works of, XX. 6.
Phiditia, XVII. 342.
Phila, XVII. 342.
Philadelphese, in,botany, V. 109.
Philadelphia, games, XVII. 342.
 , American city, XVII. 342—mor¬
tality in, XV. 522 — book-trade of,
XVII. 223—penitentiary at, XVIII.
583, 587.
 , in Asia Minor, XVII. 342.
Philadelphian Society, XVII. 344.
Philadelphus, XVII. 344.
Philse, antiquities in, VIII. 530.
Philieni, XVII. 344 ; VI. 184.
Philanthropenus, VII. 288.
Philanthropy, XVII. 344.
Philanthus, insect, IX. 230.
Philedon, bird, XVI. 573.
Philemon, XVII. 344.
Phileremus, insect, IX. 234.
Philbtas, Greek poet, XVII. 345.
Phileurus, insect, IX. 158
PHI—PHO
Philibeg, XVII. 345.
Philip, apostle, XVII. 345.
 , kings of France, X. 12, et seq.
 II., of Spain, his policy towards
the Netherlands, XI. 510—Portugal
conquered by, XVIII. 468—reign of,
XX. 501—character of, 503.
 III., reign of, XX. 503.
 IV., reign of, XX. 503.
 V., reign of, XX. 504.
   of Macedon, XIII. 621, et seq.—
his military talents and army. III. 586
—his character, XIII. 629.
 II., of Naples, XVII. 345.
 , Roman emperor, XIX. 411.
 , tetrarch, XII. 573.
  the Fair, his prosecution of the
Templars, XXI. 174.
 (Capt.), governor of New South
Wales, XXI. 712.
  (Dr Wilson), on sensorial and
nervous powers, XVII. 679, 680.
 (Port), XVII. 347; XXI. 722.
 Island, XVII. 347.
 Islands, XVII. 347.
Philiphaugh, battle of, V. 328.
Philippi, in Macedonia, XVII. 347—
battle of, XIX. 399.
Philippics, XVII. 347.
Philippine Islands, XVII. 347—Bri¬
tish expedition against, in 1762, V.
387—language of, XIII. 92—serpents
of, XX. 137—weights and measures of,
XXI. 855.
Philippists, XVII. 349.
Philippopel, river, XVII. 349.
Philipps (Mr), of Ely, on the culture of
the osier, IV. 429.
Philips (Ambrose), poet, XVII. 350—
his quarrel with Pope, XVIII. 399.
 (Catherine), XVII. 350.
 (John), poet, XVII. 350.
 (Fabian), XVII. 349.
Philipstown, XII. 728.
Philistines, XVII. 350.
Philistus, historian, XVII. 352.
Phillips (John), of York, description of
his electrophorus, VIII. 644.
Philo of Alexandria, XVII. 35 2; XII. 57 3.
 of By bios, XVII. 353.
 of Byzantium, XVII. 353.
Philochorus, antiquary, XII. 291.
Philodemus, XI. 264, 269.
Philodotus, insect, IX. 162.
Philodromus, arachnides, III. 362.
Philolaus of Crotona, XVII. 353; X.
423—astronomy of, III. 728.
Philology, XVII. 354—progress of the
Latin language, XII. 292 — Portu¬
guese language, XVIII. 482. See
Grammar, Language, Latin, &c.
Philomathes, XVII. 424.
Philomela, XVII. 424.
Philopcemen, Greek general, XVII. 424
—military skill of. III. 589.
Philoprogenitiveness, XVII. 462.
Philosopher, XVII. 425.
Philosopher’s stone, XVII. 425; VI.
344.
Philosophy, XVII. 426 —Aristotle’s,
III. 494—state of, before his time, ib.
—requisites of a good history of, V.
610—utility of a life devoted to, XX.
453. See Cartesian, Experimental,
Mechanical, Mental, Moral, Natural,
Newtonian Philosophy.
Philostbatus (Flavius), XVII. 446.
Philoxenus, Greek poet, XVII. 447.
Philtre, XVII. 447 ; XIII. 578.
Philyra, XVII. 447.
Phinehas, XVII. 447.
Phipps (Wm.), diving feats of, VIII. 64.
  (Capt. J. C.), arctic voyage of,
XVI. 82 ; XVIII. 219.
Phlebotomy, XVII. 448; XX. 840—
. now more rarely employed than for¬
merly, 840.
Phlegmatic temperament, XVII. 696;
XXI. 173.
Phleoon, historian, XVII. 448.
Phlogiston, in chemistry, XVII. 448 ;
VI. 262, 348, 351.
Phoea, in zoology, XIV. 123.
PHO—PHI!
Phocaja, Ionian city, XVII. 449.
Phocaena, in zoology, XIV. 177.
Phocas, Greek general, XIX. 528.
Phocenic acid, VI. 430.
Phocenine, VI. 443.
Phocion, Athenian general, XVII. 449.
Phocis, in Greece, XVII. 450; X. 723
—Phocian war, XIII. 626.
Phocylides, poet, XVII. 450.
Phcebcs, XVII. 4 50. See Apollo.
Phoenicia, XVII. 450—architecture of,
III. 412—astronomy, 723—commerce,
VII. 155; with Britain, V. 297 —
Sanchoniatho’s History of, VII. 540
—dyeing, VIII. 295—alphabet, II.
546 ; XVII. 366, 395—language, XIII.
83; XVII. 374, 378, 415, 422—navi¬
gation, X. 388 ; XV. 745—mythology,
681—art, XVI. 695—early science,
XVII. 428—sculpture, XX. 3. See
Sidon, Tyre.
Phoenicophaeus, bird, XVI. 598.
Phoenicopterus, bird, XVI. 628.
Phienix, XVII. 452.
 Park, Dublin, VIII. 248.
Pholas, in conchology, XV. 340.
Pholcus, arachnides, III. 360.
Pholierus, insect, IX. 155.
Pholis, XVII. 452.
Phonics. See Acoustics.
Phora, insect, IX. 292.
Phoranth, in botany, V. 40.
Phorminx, XVII. 453.
Phormium tenax, XXI. 823, 720.
Phornutus, XIX. 780.
Phosphatic acid, VI. 380.
Phosphorescence of the sea, XVII. 518
—Becquerel’s explanation of the phe¬
nomena of, XXI. 680.
Phosphorescent bodies, XIII. 336, 594
—spiders’ eyes, III. 358, n.—Canton’s
phosphorus, VI. 105—certain Crusta¬
cea, VII. 499—glow-worm, IX. 141—
new flannels, 615—medusides, XXI.
1015, 1016—Is the moon phosphores¬
cent? IV. 3 — or the upper atmos¬
phere? XIV. 720—effects of electri¬
city on, VIII. 633.
Phosphoric acid, VI. 380.
Phosphorite, specific gravity of, XII. 34.
Phosphorous acid, VI. 380.
Phosphorus, XVII. 453 ; VI. 379—how
to inflame it by electricity, VIII. 626
—specific gravity of, XII. 34 — its
poisonous quality, XIV. 503—phos¬
phorus-electrometer, VIII. 659.
Phosphuret of aluminum, VI. 399 —
arsenic, VI. 384 —cadmium, 411—
calcium, 397—carbon, 382—cerium,
400 — chromium, 387 — cobalt, 410
—copper, 415—glucinum, 399—gold,
421—iron, 405—lead, 412—nickel, 409
—platinum, 422—potassium, 394—-
silver, 419—thorium, 402—tin, 414
—titanium, 392—yttrium, 400.
Phosphuretted hydrogen, VI. 381.
Photinians, heretics, XVII. 453.
Photinx, XVII. 453.
Photius, XVII. 453; XIII, 292.
Photometer, XVII. 453 ; VI. 757;
XIII. 335; XIV. 738.
Photometry, first notions of, I. 637—
advanced by Bouguer, 638—Lambert’s
treatise on, ib.
Phoxichilus, arachnides, III. 366.
Phoxinus, angling for, III. 147.
Phraortes, XIV. 489 ; XVII. 259.
Phrase, XVII. 453.
Phraseology, XVII. 453.
Phre, Egyptian deity, VIII. 552.
Phreatis, XVII. 453.
Phrenic nerve, II. 813.
Phrenitic persons, XVII. 453.
Phrenitis in animals, XXL 633.
Phrenology, XVII. 454 ; XX. 551—
origin of, X. 296.
Phrygania, insect, XX. 214—its use in
angling, III. 135.
Phrygia, in Asia, XVII. 474.
Phrygian language, XIII. 84.
Phrygians, Christian sect, XVII. 475.
Phryne,, courtezan, XVII. 475.
Phrynichbs, tragic poet, XVII. 475.
PUR—PHY
Phrynichus, comic poet, XVII. 475
 Arrhabius, XVII. 475.
Phrynicus, IV. 159.
Phrynus, arachnides, III. 364.
Phryxus, XVII. 475.
Phtha, Egyptian deity, VIII. 552.
Phthiria, insect, IX. 267.
Phthisis, or pulmonary consumption,
case of its cure by riding, XI. 608-
Dr Rush on, XIX. 523—in the domes¬
tic animals, XXL 631.
Phugwana, XVII. 475.
Phycis, fish, XII. 219.
 , insect, IX. 252.
Phylactery, XVII. 475-6.
Phyllidia, mollusca, XV. 361.
Phyllis, XVII. 476.
Phyllium, insect, IX. 191.
Phyllobius, insect, IX. 173.
Phyllocharis, insect, IX. 183.
Phyllodoce, worm, XI. 220.
Phyllopa, Crustacea, VII. 503.
Phyllopertha, insect, IX. 159.
Phyllophagi, insects, IX. 157.
Phyllostoma, mammalia, XIV. 100.
Phyllurus, reptile, XIX. 148.
Physa, mollusca, XV. 346, 358.
Physaloptera, zoophytes, XXI. 998.
Physalus, zoophyte, XXI. 1018.
Physcon, king of Egypt, VIII. 472—his
cruelties at Alexandria, II. 410.
Physharmonica, XVII. 476.
Physic, distinguished from surgery,
XIV. 526. See Medicine.
 (Practice of), XVII. 476.
Physical Education, VIII. 440.
 Geography, XVII. 498—the
Alps, II. 558—snow-line, 560 ; V.
145—glaciers, II. 560—climate of
America, II. 610, et seq. ; Arabia, III.
324 ; Asia, 672—distribution of fo¬
rests, II. 611 ; of plants, XVII. 545;
of animals, 549; III. 161; II. 652; of
insects, IX. 97 ; of fishes, XII. 237; of
serpents, XX. 133—greater warmth
of northern than of southern ocean,
II. 612—modifying influence of cli¬
mate, &e., on animals, III. 160, 161,
169—influence of the ocean on cli¬
mate, 679—oceanic currents, VII.
552—physical geography of Egypt,
VIII. 507—natural variations of tem¬
perature, XI. 196. See Climate,
Cloud, Cold, Complexion, Evapora¬
tion, Mountains, Ocean, River, and
the geographical articles generally.
Physicians, Chinese, VI. 576—naval,
XVI. 53—Dublin College of, VIII.
242—Edinburgh College of, VII. 69
London College of, ib.; XIII. 517-
diseases of, XIV. 509—conduct of
patients towards, XVII. 494—utility
of natural philosophy to, 574—are not
unproductive labourers, XVIII. 305.
Physics, XVII. 558—different meanings
of the word, I. 9, 10—should be con¬
fined to the phenomena of matter, 10
—ancient physics, 449, 452—modern
physics, 453—Aristotle on, III. 499.
See Astronomy, Mechanics, Optics,
Dynamics, Hydrostatics, Hydrodyna¬
mics, Pneumatics, Acoustics, Mag¬
netism, Mechanics, Dynamics, Elec¬
tricity, Heat, &c.
Physiognomy, XVII. 575—attended to
by the Greeks, XX. 444.
Physiology, XVII. 577 — sense in
which Dr Campbell employs the
word, I. 9—province of, II. 685—•
breeding in-and-in, 331—crossing of
breeds, ib., 336—Barthez on, IV. 419
—irritability, XII. 456—considered in
relation to medicine, XIV. 515-—vital
functions, XVII. 130—properties of
the muscles, 132. See Animal King¬
dom, Dietetics, Vegetable Physiology,
Blood, Digestion, &e.
Physogrades,,zoophytes, XXI, 1017.
Physsophora, zoophyte, XXL 1018.
Phytography, V. 58.
Phytolacca dioeca, V. 640.
Phytolaccaceae, in botany, V. 125.
Phytologx, XVII. 733.
INDEX
121
PHY—PIG
Pliytomyza, insect, IX. 291.
Piabucus, fish, XII. 212.
Piahau, bird, XVI. 570.
Pialapore, Hindu town, XVII. 733.
Pialnt, Hindu town, XVIL 733.
Pia Mateb, cerebral membrane, XVII.
733 ; II. 811; III. 32.
Piacenza, in Italy, XVII. 735.
Piaggi (Antonio), XI. 263.
Piano-Forte, XVII. 7 33 ; XV. 644.
Pias, Turkish town, XVII. 733.
Piasanskoi, XVII. 733.
Piastus, XVII. 733.
PlATNITZKA, XVII. 734.
Piauhy, in Brazil, XVII. 734j
Piazenza, in Italy, XVII. 735.
Piazida, Russian river, XVII. 735.
Piazinskoi, Russian lake, XVII. 735.
Piazza, XVII. 735.
Piazzi of Palermo, III. 747;—astrono¬
mical labours of, 748 ; IV. 29.
Pibroch, XVII. 735.
Pic de L’Etoile (Le), island in the
Pacific Ocean, XVII. 735.
Pica, XVII. 735.
 or Picus (John), XVII. 735.
 type, XXI. 435—small, 436.
 , bird, XVI. 584.
Picard (John), XVII. 737—measure¬
ment of an arc of the meridian by, I.
502 ; IX. 547—on the earth’s annual
motion, II. 32—his astronomical la¬
bours, III. 742.
Picards, religious sect, XVII. 737.
Piccini on harmony, XV. 634.
Piccolomini (Alexander), XVII. 738.
 (Francis), XVII. 738.
 (James), XVII. 738.
Pichegru (General), V. 475 ; X. 87, et
seq., 129—death of, 131.
Picher-Grandchamp, on animal magne¬
tism, XIV. 13.
Pichidungue, bay of, VI. 539.
Pickering, in Yorkshire, XVII. 738.
Picket, XVII. 738—Pickets, ib.
Pickles, making of, IX. 734.
Pico, island, XVII. 738 ; IV. 263.
Picoides, bird, XVI. 597.
Picques (Louis), on the Coptic lan¬
guage, XI. 313.
Picromel, VI. 496.
Picrotoxin, VL 466.
Pictet (Benedict), XVII. 738.
 (Monsieur), his experiments on
the reflection of cold, VII. 58.
Pictou, in Nova Scotia, XVI. 286.
Picts, XVIL 738 ; VI. 2 ; IX. 42 ; XIX.
697—their wars with the Romans, V.
301—Picts’ Wall, XVII. 740.
Picture, XVII. 740. See Painting.
Picture-writing, Mexican, II. 623, 634.
Picturesque, XVII. 740 ; IV. 500—in
gardening, X. 335.
Picumnus, Roman deity, XVII. 740.
 —, bird, XVI. 597.
Picus, bird, XVI. 594.
Piedmont, XVII. 740—cotton-manu¬
facture of, VII. 420—revolution in,
XII. 480—coins of, XV. 408, 410—
military character of the Piedmontese,
III. 612.
Piedmonte, Italian town, XVII. 741.
Pier, XVII. 741.
 -, in architecture, III. 469—equi¬
librium of piers, XIV. 395—construc¬
tion of, 399.
Piercx Island, XVII. 741,
Pierhead, promontory, XVII. 741.
Pierides, XVII. 741.
PlERINO DEL VAGA, XVII. 741.
Pieris, insect, IX. 241.
Pierius on hieroglyphics, XI. 300.
Pierre (St), in Martinique, XIV. 266.
Pietists, German sect, XVII. 741.
Pietra Mala, a market-town in Tus¬
cany, XVII. 741.
Pietra Percia, XVII. 741.
PlETRI DE Fusi, XVII. 741.
Pietro of Cortona, painter, XVI. 720.
Piety, XVII. 741; XV. 466.
Pigeaire, a somnambulist, XX. 477.
Pigeon, XVI. 612—rock, 613—wood, ib
—caruncuiated, 614—great-crowned
PIG—PIN
ib.—hackled, ib.—Nicobar, ib. —para¬
bolic, ib.—passenger, ib.—carrier, VI.
176—a nuisance to the farmer, II. 340
—wood-pigeon shooting, XX. 307.
Pigeon Island, XVII. 741.
Pig-iron, VI. 402. See Smelting.
Pigments. See Colours.
Pigmentum nigrum of the eye, II. 798.
Pigot (Lord), XI. 423.
- (Edward), his method of finding
longitude, XIII. 563.
Pigrai, French surgeon, XX. 829.
Pigs, fed by the farmer without expense,
II. 272—breeds and management of,
337. See Swine.
Pika, in zoology, XIV. 140.
Pike,fish, XII. 200—angling for,III.144.
(Major), his account of Durango,
VIII. 287.
Pilasters, in architecture, HI. 452, 461,
469—in joinery, V. 689.
Pilate (Pontius*), XVII. 741—his al¬
leged letter to Tiberius, XII. 561.
Pilatre DE Rozier (Francis), XVII.
742; II. 186-8—death of, 190.
Pilchard, XII. 215 ; IX. 592.
Pilchard-fishery, IX. 603—in the Baltic,
IV. 326; Cornwall, VII. 368; Eng¬
land, VIII. 769.
Pilcomayo, river, XVII. 63.
Pile, XVII. 743 — in heraldry, ib.;
XI. 251—funeral-pile, XVII. 743—
pile-engine, ib.; XIV. 458.
  (electric), its effects and pro¬
perties, XXI. 673.
Piles (M. de), his account of a blind
portrait-painter, IV. 702.
Pileus, XVII. 743.
Pilgrim, XVIL 743.
Pilgrimage, XVII. 743—to Mecca and
Medina, III. 338-340; XIV. 38—pil¬
grimages of the Hindus, XI. 400.
PlLKALLEN, XVII. 743.
Pilkington, in Lancashire, XVII. 743.
 (Lastitia), XVII. 743.
Pillar (Cape), XVII. 743.
Pillars, XVII. 743 ; III. 469. See
Column, Towers (Round).
Pillar-Saints, XI. 495; XX. 785.
Pillau, XVII. 744; IV. 330.
Pillere, Hindu town, XVII. 744.
Pillibeet, Hindu town, XVII. 744.
Pillory, XVII. 744.
Pillowed, in architecture, III. 469.
Pilnitz, treaty of, V. 461; X. 61.
Pilori, in zoology, XIV. 133.
Pilot, XVII. 744.
Pilot-fish, XII. 185.
Pilsen, Bohemian city, XVII. 744.
Pilum, XVII. 744.
Pilwara, Hindu town, XVII. 744.
Pimelepterus, fish, XII. 179.
Pimelia, insect, IX. 163.
Pimeliarhe, insects, IX. 163.
Pimelodi, fish, XII. 202.
Pimento, XVII. 744.
Pimpla, insect, IX. 228.
Pin, XVII. 744.
Pinacia, XVII. 745.
Pinagra, Indian town, XVII. 745.
Pinaster, XVII. 782.
Pinchbeck, XVII. 745.
Pincheyras, VI. 544.
Pinchinin, Algerine admiral, II. 507.
Pincian Hill, XIX. 424.
Pinqon (Vincent Yanez), the discoverer
of Brazil, V. 188.
Pindar, Greek lyric poet, XVII. 745 —
works of, XVIII. 151.
 , river, XVII. 746.
Pindaree war, XI. 437.
Pindtaruk, XVII. 746.
Pindus, X. 722 ; XXI. 418.
Pine’s edition of Horace, IV. 623.
Pine-apple, culture of, XI. 660.
Pine-trees, XVII. 746, 779, 781, 785-
culture of, 792—vessels of the bark
of, III. 52.
Pine-timber, XXI. 295—measurement
of, 298—weight of seasoned and un¬
seasoned, 308, 309.
Pineal gland, II. 809.
Pineda (John),historian, XVII. 746.
PIN—PIS
Pinel (Mons.), on the connection of in¬
sanity with liability to see appari¬
tions, III. 306—his manner of treat¬
ing insanity, XIV. 587—on mania,
XVII. 488.
Pinerolo, XVII. 746.
Pines (Island of), XVII. 746.
Pinet (Antony du), XVII. 746.
Ping-Liang, XVII. 746.
Pinglo, Chinese city, XVII. 746.
Pinguipes, fish, XII. 171.
Pinic acid, VI. 430.
Pinion, in mechanics, XVII. 746.
Pinite, specific gravity of, XII. 34.
Pink, dyeing of, VIII. 341.
Pinks, culture of, XI. 685.
Pinkerton on Barbour’s Bruce, IV. 371
—on Dunbar’s poetry, VIII. 271, 274
—on the Scottish language, IX. 43—
on the feudal system, 522 — on the
Goths, X. 618—on medals, XIV. 463,
et seq.—on Scottish coins, XV. 400—
on the Pelasgians, XVII. 177—on the
Scythians, XX. 14.
Pinkey, battle of, XIX. 732.
Pinna, in conehology, XV. 344.
Pinnace, XVII. 746 ; IV. 722.
Pinnacle, XVII. 746 ; III. 469.
Pinning, in carpentry, V. 684.
Pinnipedia, in zoology, XIV. 105.
Pinnotheres, Crustacea, VII. 501.
Pinophilus, insect, IX. 137.
Pinos, island, XVII. 746.
Pinsk, Russian city, XVII. 746.
Pin-tail, bird, XVI. 638.
Pinto (General), VI. 543.
Pintor (Peter), XVII. 746.
Pinus. See Pine-trees.
Piombino, in Italy, XVII. 748.
Pioneers, XVII. 748.
Piophila, insect, IX. 287.
Worry on stomach-diseases, XVII. 483.
Piove di Sacco, XVII. 748.
Pip, or Pep, XVII. 748.
Pipa, reptile, XIX. 158.
Pipe, XVII. 748.
Pipes, XVII. 748 — transmission of
sound through, II. Ill—boring of
stone and wooden, V. 5, 6—pressure
and motion of water in, XII. 59, 68 ;
XVIII. 110 ; XIX. 258, et seq.—cast¬
ing of, XVIII. 62—motion of air in,
109; I. 610 — stronger than solid
rods containing the same quantity of
matter, XX. 766, 778—conveyance
of water in, XXL 794—manufacture
of tobacco-pipes, 318. See Aqueduct.
Pipe-Office, XVIL 748.
Piper, XVIL 748. See Pepper.
Piperacese, in botany, V. 130.
Piperin, VI. 469.
Piperinese, in botany, V. 130.
Pipers, XVIL 748.
Pipit, bird, XVI. 577.
Pipiza, insect, IX. 273.
Pipley, Hindu town, XVII. 749.
Piploud, Hindu town, XVII. 749.
Pipra, bird, XVI. 577.
Pipunculus, insect, IX. 276.
Piquet, of Picket, game, XVII. 749.
Piqui, tree, XVII. 734.
Piracuruca, in Brazil, XVIL 734.
Piracy, XIII. 139, 142—Algerine, II.
505, et seq.—in Barbary, IV. 366.
See Corsair, Pirate.
Piraeus, a port of ancient Athens, XVII.
749; IV. 126, 129 — improved by
Themistocles, 152.
Pirano, Austrian city, XVII. 750.
Pirate, XVIL 750; VII. 377. See
Piracy.
Pirena, mollusca, XV. 370.
Pirhala, Hindu town, XVII. 750.
Pirna, in Saxony, XVII. 750.
Piromalli (Paul), XVII. 750.
Piron (Alexis), poet, XVII. 750.
Pisa, XVII. 750 — cathedral of, III.
421, 474—commerce of, VII. 157—
school of painting, XVI. 708.
Pisander, IV. 159.
Pisano (N. and G.), painters, XVI. 708.
Piscadore Islands, XVIL 751.
Piscator’s German Bible, I Vi 617.
PIS—PIT
Piscina, XVIL 751.
Pisistratus, XVIL 751 — state of
Athens under, IV. 114—his govern¬
ment and character, 146.
Pismires, or Ants. See Ants.
Piso (Lucius Calpurnius), XVIL 751.
Piso’s conspiracy, XIX. 403.
Pison, insect, IX. 230.
Pissasphaltum, or Asphaltum, XVIL
751. See Asphaltum.
Pisselasum Indicum, XVIL 751.
Pistacia, genus of plants, XVII. 751.
Pistacite, in mineralogy, XV. 154.
Pistieae, in hotany, V. 136.
Pistil, in botany, XVIL 752; HI. 95,
98; V. 44.
Pistoja, Italian city, XVIL 752.
Pistol, electrical, VIII. 662.
Pistole, XV. 407, et seq.
Piston of pump, XVII. 752; XVIII.
720—of steam-engine, XX. 661.
Pisum, XVII. 752. See Pea.
Pitard, French surgeon, XX. 827.
Pitcairne (Archibald), XVII. 752.
Pitch, XVIL 758; XVI. 49—mineral,
IV. 654 ; XV. 172—pitch-lake in
Trinidad, XXI. 386.
 of voice, XVII. 684.
Pitch-ore, specific gravity of, XII. 34.
Pitchstone, in mineralogy, XV. 15T —
specific gravity of, XII. 34.
Pitching, XVII. 758; XX. 243.
Pith of plants, III. 61, 83 ; V. 33.
Pithecia, in zoology, XIV. 96.
Pithecus, in zoology, XIV. 90.
Pithiviers, in France, XVII. 758.
PlTHO, XVIL 758.
Pithou (Peter), XVIL 758.
Pitiscus (S.), philologist, XVII. 759.
 , mathematician, X. 430—on the
arithmetic of sines, II. 485.
Pitcher-plant of Java, XII. 530.
Pitkeathly, in Perthshire, XVII. 759.
Pitot (Henry), XVIL 759—centres
by, VI. 281—on undershot wheels,
XII. 88—on hydraulics, XIX. 257.
Pits (John), biographer, XVII. 759.
Pitsligo, church of, IV. 345.
Pitt (Christopher), XVIL 759.
  (William), Earl of Chatham,
XVII. 760—his administration, V.
384, et seq.—resignation, 386—return
to Parliament in 1775, 399—opposi¬
tion to the American war, ib.—elo¬
quence, XIX. 219.
 (William', son of the preceding,
XVII. 766—his plan of parliamentary
reform, V. 428, 436—his administra¬
tion, 432—India bills, 432, 434—re¬
fusal to resign 432—plan of a com¬
mercial union between .Britain and
Ireland, 437—sinking-fund, 439 ; X.
245, 255 — commercial treaty with
France, V. 442; VII. 166 — on the
regency question, V. 452—on the slave-
trade, 454 ; XX. 385—on increasing
the army, V. 456—on the corporation
and test acts, 457—on Mr Grey’s mo¬
tions for parliamentary reform, 464,
470—his support of the war with
France, 469, 473, 477—bill to increase
the navy, 483—duel with Mr Tierney,
484—income-tax, 487 ; XXL 109-
proposal of union of Britain and Ire¬
land, V. 487, 493—on the expediency
of continuing the war with Bonaparte,
492—end of his administration, 496—
his character as a statesman, 497—on
Catholic emancipation, 498, 545—on
the peace of Amiens, 507—his return
to power in 1803, 518—death, 520—
financial measures, VII. 161—blunder¬
ing policy in 1805, X. 137—speeches,
XIX. 219.
Pitt-Diamond, VIII. 5, 6; XL 249, n. 3
Pitt’s Island, XVIL 770.
 Straits, XVII. 770.
Pitta, bird, XVI. 573.
Pittacus of Mitylene, XVII. 770.
PlTTENWEEM, XVII. 771.
Pittosporese, in botany, V. 104.
Pittsburgh,in Pennsylvania, XVIL 224.
Pity, L 367 ; XV. 463.
122
INDEX
PIT—PLA
Pitylus, bird, XVI. 581.
Pius, popes of this name, XVII. 771.
 II. (Pope), XVII. 771.
Pivots, XVII. 772—friction of, XIV.
411—Coulomb on friction of, VII. 428.
Pixii (Hippolyte),. on magneto-electri¬
city, VIII. 57 4—his magneto-electric
machine, XXI. 692.
Fixing of coins, VII. 52.
Pizabro (Francis), XVII. 772; II. 529
—his conquest of Peru, XVII. 295.
Pizzo, Italian city, XVII. 772.
Placcius on anonymous books, IV. 627.
Place, XVII. 772 ; XIV. 656.
Placenta, II. 827 ; XVII. 692.
 , in botany, V. 50.
Placentia, in Spain, XVII. 772.
 , in Italy, XVII. 735.
Placuna, in conchology, XV. 344.
Pladda, island, V. 752.
Plagiarism, instances of apparent but
notreal, XIII. 241—charges of, against
Middleton, IV. 553; Milton, XIII.
120; Sterne, XX. 721.
Plagiary, XVII. 772.
Plagiostoma, mollusca, XV. 344.
Plagiostomi, fishes, XII. 231.
Plague, XVII. 772—at Aleppo, II. 400
—at Athens, IV. 155—in Egypt, II.
21 ; VIII. 516—in England, IX. 355
—in London, V. 344; XIII. 488 —Black
Death in 14th century, XXI. 949.
Plaice, fish, XII. 220.
Plain, XVII. 778—plains on the earth’s
surface, 501.
Plan, XVII. 778—in architecture, III.
469.
Planceer, in architecture, III. 469.
Plane, in geometry, XVII. 778 ; X. 457
—in joinery, XVII. 778.
Plane-trees, XVII. 790.
Planets, XVII. 778 ; III. 756 ; IV. 13
—their aberration, II. 34—optic equa¬
tions, 44—acceleration, 83—perturba¬
tions, III. 749 ; IV. 23—invariability
of mean distances, III. 751—motions,
757; IV. 13—inferior and superior,
14—stations and retrogradations, ib.
effects of the earth’s motion on their
appearances, 16—their orbits, 19 —
transits over the sun’s disk, 24—rela¬
tions of the numbers which express
their distances from the sun, 35—
forces which retain them in their or¬
bits, 49—forces which disturb their
elliptic motions, 54—disturbance in
their motion, produced by their mu¬
tual action, 58—stability of the plane¬
tary system, 59, 61—Druidical know¬
ledge of the planets, VIII. 206—source
of their motion, XV. 574.
Planetarium, XVII. 778.
Planetary Days and Years, XVII. 778‘
Planiceps, insect, IX. 229.
Planimetry, in geometry, XVII. 778.
Planing-machine, Bramah’s, V. 182.
Planipennes, insects, IX. 211.
Planisphere, XVII. 778.
Plank, in joinery, V. 687—planks of a
ship, XX. 284, 287, 294.
Planorbis, in conchology, XV. 348, 358.1
Plants, XVII. 778—anatomy of. III.
41—their distinction from animals,
155; II. 685—effects of light on, XIII.
339 — geographical distribution of,
XVII. 545. See Botany.
Plantade on the barometer, IV. 391.
Plantagenet, XVII. 778.
Plantagineae, in botany, V. 52, n. 125.
Plantain compared with the bread-fruit,
V. 213.
Plantain-eater, bird, XVI. 604.
Plantations. See Forests, Wood, Plant¬
ing Timber.
Plantership, XVII. 778.
Plantigrada, XIV. 105—bones of foot
of, III. 10—structure of, XVII. 704.
Plantin’s Hebrew Bibles, IV. 614—his
Latin Bibles, 615.
Planting, XVII. 779—of fruit-trees,
XI. 636. See Timber.
Planches (Maximus), Greek monk,
XVII. 796 ; ILL 540. '
PLA
Plasma, in mineralogy, XV. 15/ ; V.
787—specific gravity of, XII. 34.
Plassey, XVII. 796—battle of, XI.415.
Plaster, XVII. 796.
 of Paris, XVII. 796. See Gyp¬
sum, Casting.
Plaster-work, in building, V. 677.
Plastic, XVII. 797.
Plastic Nature, XVII. 797.
Plat (Sir H.), on agriculture, II. 256.
Plata (La), XVIII. 1; II. 642—cli¬
mate of, 612—revolution in, 638—
map of, VI. PI. CLVII.-2.
 , river in South America, V. 645
—navigation of, II. 615.
Plataja!, XVIII. 9—battle of, IV. 151
•—festival in honour of Jupiter cele¬
brated at, VIII. 666.
Platalea, bird, XVI. 620.
Plataneae, in botany, V. 131.
Platax, fish, XII. 179.
Plate-bolt and plate-knee, in ship-build¬
ing, XX. 290.
Plate-glass, X. 570.
Platessa, fish, XII. 219.
Platform, XVIII. 9.
Platina, XVIII. 9—its use in the
blow-pipe, IV. 713 — specific gra¬
vity of, XII. 34—native, XV. 165—
its use in colouring porcelain, XVIII.
437—mines of, XV. 252 ; in Russia,
XIX. 578, 587 ; in Siberia, XX. 327.
Plating, XVIII. 9—of copper, VII.
311—voltaic, XXI. 683.
Platinum, VI. 421—salts of oxides of,
452—fused by galvanism, XXI. 677
—remarkable property of spongy or
powdered, 679.
Plato, XVIII. 10; XX. 822—his sys¬
tem of optimism. 1.126-7—philosophy
of, 300-1; III. 496, 506, 513, 529—
taught the possibility of antipodes,
255—on the soul and its transmigra¬
tions, 295; XVIII. 517—his style, III.
530—his astronomy, 729—on beauty,
IV. 484—his dialectic, VII. 756—his
school of geometry, X. 423—consi¬
dered as a mathematician, XIV. 314
—on optics, XVI. 348—on physio¬
logy, XVII. 725—on plastic nature,
797—on the gods, XVIII. 340—his
admiration of Socrates, XX. 445—
does not give an exact portrait of
him, 451,468—his account of the last
days of Socrates, 4 59—on water and
steam, 611—Dionysius of Syracuse
committed to his care, XXI. 56—his
doctrine of the trinity, 206.
Platonic, XVIII. 42.
Platonic Year, XVIII. 42.
Platonics (New), II. 663 ; XII. 505.
Platonists, conic sections seem to have
been discovered by the, VII. 218.
Plattsburg, V. 538.
Platycephala, insects, IX. 289.
Platycephalus, fish, XII. 174.
Platycercus, bird, XVI. 601.
Platydaetyli, reptiles, XIX. 146.
Platypeza, insect, IX. 276.
Platypezinse, insects, IX. 276.
Platypterix, insect, IX. 248.
Platypteron, fish, XII. 194.
Platypus, XXI. 554, 716.
 , insect, IX. 176.
Platyrhynchus, bird, XVI. 569.
Platysoma, insects, IX. 177, 287.
Platyura, insect, IX. 262.
Plauen, in Saxony, XVIII. 42.
Plausibility, in rhetoric, XIX. 207.
Plautus (M. Attius), XVIII. 42 ; XVI.
765; XVII. 411—comedies of, VIII.
3 51-2—poetry of, XVIII. 153.
Player. See Actor.
Playfair (John), XVIII. 44—remarks
on his assertion that Galileo was the
first who maintained the law of con¬
tinuity, I. 258—his Dissertation on
the progress of mathematical and
physical science, 431—on the ma¬
thematical and astronomical' know¬
ledge of the Hindus, II. 426; III.
726—on physical astronomy, IV. 48
— on barometrical measurements.
PLA—PLU
399 — on the moon’s acceleration,
XIII. 99—on Laplace’s Mrcanique
Celeste, 100—on the discoverer of the
differential calculus, 208—on mag¬
netic curves, 727.
Playhouse, XVIII. 49. See Theatre.
Playte, XX. 218.
Plea, in law, XVIII. 52.
 , insect, IX. 197.
Pleading, English, IX. 34.
Pleasure, XVIII. 52 — Aristotle on,
III. 520—effects of custom on, VII.
558—relative dignity of different kinds
of, VIII. 28—contemplation of dis¬
tress a source of, 53, 162—domestic
enjoyments, 100 — meaning of the
term as used by Epicurus, IX. 308—
of the senses, XX. 96—of taste, XXI.
89. See Happiness.
Plebeian, XVIII. 57 — Roman ple¬
beians, XIX. 370, 378.
Plectognathi, fishes, XII. 228.
Plectrophanes, bird, XVI. 580.
Plectophorus, molluscum, XV. 357.
Plectroptoma, fish, XII. 169.
Plectrum, XVIII. 57.
Pledge, XVIII. 57—Mosaic law of,
XV. 566 — to pledge in drinking,
XVIII. 57.
Pledgery, XVIII. 57.
Pleiades, XVIII. 57.
Pleione, worm, XL 219.
Plenary, XVIII. 57.
Plenipotentiary. XVIII. 57.
Plenitude, XVIII. 57.
Plenum, in physics, XVIII. 57.
Pleonasm, in rhetoric, XVIII. 57.
Plesiops, fish, XII. 196.
Plesiosaurus, bones of, III. 16.
Plethora, XVIII. 57 ; XVII. 126—in
the domestic animals, XXI. 632.
Pleura, II. 754.
Pleurisy in brutes, XXI. 631.
Pleurobranchus, XV. 362.
Pleuroneetnke, fishes, XII. 219.
Pleurotoma, mollusca, XV. 347.
Plexus, in anatomy, XVIII. 58—ner¬
vous plexuses; II. 734.
Plica Polonica, XVIII. 58.
Plicatula, mollusca, XV. 342.
Plicipennes, insects, IX. 214.
Plinlimmon, XV. 433.
Plinius Secundus (C.), or Pliny the El¬
der, XVIII. 58—on alumen, II. 572—on
sal ammoniac, 660—on the Druids,
VIII. 203, et seq.—on the preservation
of timber, 232—on geography, X. 396
—on the Hebrides, XI. 202—on the
echeneis, XII. 222 — on irrigation,
454—his Natural History, XIV. 75 ;
XVII. 412—Hardouin’s edition of it,
XL 145—on ornithology, XVI. 545—
on painting, 698, et seq.—his death,
XIX. 405—on the silkworm, XX. 350.
Plinius Cfficinus Secundus (C.), or
Pliny the Younger, XVIII. 59—his
letter to Trajan about the Christians,
VI. 629—on hunting, XI. 739—Mel-
moth’s translation of his Letters,
XIV. 541.
Plinth, XVIII. 59 ; III. 469.
Ploas, insect, IX. 268.
Ploceus, bird, XVI. 580.
Plock, Polish province, XVIII. 59.
Ploermel, in France, XVIII. 60.
Ploiaria, insect, IX. 197.
Ploiotribus, insect, IX. 176.
Plomo, in metallurgy, XVIII. 60.
Plot (Dr Robert), XVIII. 60.
Plotinus, philosopher, XVIII. 60.
Plotosus, fish, XII. 203.
Plotus, bird, XVI. 634.
Plough, XVIII. 61; II. 265, 349, 350
—expense of a horse-plough, 320—
Mr Smith of Deanston’s subsoil-
plough, XX. 731.
Ploughing, II. 275—by oxen, 321.
Plover, bird, XVI. 617.
Plover-shooting, XX. 307.
Plowden (Edmund), XVIII. 61.
Pluc he (Antony), French writer, XVIII.
61—on hieroglyphics, XI. 305.
Plucknet’s reaping-machine, II. 270.
PLU—POC
Plug, XVIII. 62—lifting plug, XIV-
458.
Plukenet (Leonard), XVIII. 62.
Plums, culture of, XI. 644.
Plum-tree, specific gravity of, XII. 34.
Plumb-level, XIII. 256.
Plumb-line, XVIII. 63.
Plumbagin, VI. 469.
Plumbaginese, in botany, V. 124.
Plumbago, VI. 368—specific gravity of,
XII. 34—British mines of, XV. 248 ;
VII. 573.
Plumbers’ work, in building, T. 693;
X VIII. 62—their extortionate charges,
V. 694. See Lead.
Plumbery, XVIII. 62.
Plumier’s botanical labours, V. 86.
Plummet, or Plumb-Line, XVIII. 63.
Plumming, in mining, XVIII. 63.
Plumose, XVIII. 63.
Plumule, in botany, V. 51.
Plunkett (Mr), his bills for Catholic
emancipation, V. 552.
Plural, in grammar, XVIII. 63.
Pluralities, ecclesiastical, XII. 753, n.
Plus, XVIII. 63.
Plush, cloth, XVIII. 63.
Plusquam-perfect. tense, X. 660, 661.
Plutarch, XVIII. 63—the notion of
centrifugal force implied in a state¬
ment of his, I. 452—on the Amazons,
II. 589—his character of the Athe¬
nians, IV. 163—his story of Pan’s
death, XVI. 781 — a Manichean,
XVIII. 340, n. 4—on human sacri¬
fices, XIX. 607.
Pluto, pagan god, XVIII. 64.
Plutus, god of riches, XVIII. 64.
Pluviameter, XIV. 742.
Pluvius, XVIII. 64.
Plyelotophus, bird, XVI. 603.
Flyers, in fortification, XVIII. 64.
Plying, XVIII. 64.
Plymouth, XVIII. 64—breakwater at,
V. 219—fortification of, 437, 438—
diving-bell used at, VIII. 70—dock¬
yard of, 85—victual-establishments,
ib.—supplied with water by Sir F.
Drake, 143—harbour of, 763.
 ■, a town in Massachusetts, XIV.
305 ; XVI. 156.
Plympton Earls, XVIII. 68.
Plynteria, XVIII. 68.
Pneumatics, XVIII. 69 ; XVII. 568—
invention of the air-pump, I. 480—
experiments on the passage of air
through pipes, 610—method of deter¬
mining the relative density of any gas,
611—observations on the escape of
air and vapour through - an aperture,
ib.—experiments on the density of the
air at different heights, 613—explana¬
tion of Bouguer’s rule relative to the
barometrical measurement of moun¬
tains, 614—experiments of De Luc
and others, ib.—vacuefying apparatus
in the feet of certain animals. III. 28;
IX. 257—Dr Beddoes’s Pneumatic In¬
stitution, IV. 514—Otto Guericke’s
experiments on atmospheric pressure,
XX. 622. See Ah’-pump, Atmosphere,
Barometer, Hydrostatics.
Pneumatology, XIV. 599.
Pneumatosis, XVII. 126.
Pneumodermon, molluscum, XV. 355.
Pneumogastric nerve, II. 812.
Pneumonia, XVII. 493—in the domestic
animals, XXI. 631.
Pneumora, insect, IX. 192.
Pnyx, in ancient Athens, IV. 124.
Po, river, XVIII. 137; XII. 484 ; XIII.
469—its inundations, XII. 2—mouths,
XVII. 4—tributaries, 5—delta and
deposition at mouths, 524 ; XIX. 278
—embankments, XVII. 525—velocity,
XIX. 270—bed, 277.
Pobassoo’s Island, XVIII. 137.
Pochard, bird, XVI. 637.
Pocklington, in Yorkshire, XVIII.
137—canal, XVI. 17.
Pocock’s Island, XVIII. 137—Point, ib.
Pococke (Dr Edward), English divine,
XVIII. 137.
INDEX
123
POD—POI
Pococke (Richard), XYIII. 138—his ac¬
count of Palestine, XVI. 742.
Podalikius, XVIII. 138; XX. 820.
Podargus, hird, XVI. 579.
Podem, Turkish village, XVIII. 138.
Podemno, Russian village, XVIII. 138.
Podenda, in Asia Minor, XVIII. 138.
Podetium, in botany, V. 57.
PODQOBODKOI, XVIII. 138.
Podiceps, bird, XVI. 629.
Podisma, insect, IX. 194.
Podium, insect, IX. 229.
Podley, fish, XII. 218.
Podoa, birds, XVI. 629.
Podol, Russian town, XVIII., 138.
Podoeia, in Russia, XVIII. 138.
Podontia, insect, IX. 183.
Podophthalma, Crustacea, VII. 500.
Podophyllaceae, in botany, V. 96.
Podosperm, in botany, V. 46, 50.
Podostemeae, in botany, V. 137.
Podspusknoi, XVIII. 138.
PODSTEPNOI, XVIII. 138.
Podura, insect, IX. 295.
Podurellae, insects, IX. 295.
P(ecile, a portico in ancient Athens,
XVIII. 138.
Poecilia, fish. XII. 199.
Pcecilloporid®, zoophytes, XXI. 1022.
Poeppig (Dr), quotation from his work
on South America, XVII. 302.
Poerner’s processes for dyeing scarlet,
VIII. 313.
Poestum. See Psestum.
Poetbt, XVIII. 140—Chinese, VI. 569
—Persian, XVII. 252—definition of,
by D’Alembert, I. 4; by Bacon, 33—
Aristotle’s, III. 517—language of, IV.
495—comparisons in, VII. 185—dis¬
tinguished from prose, 687 ; from elo¬
quence, XIX. 202—didactic, VII. 688
—no French language of, VIII. 165
—suggests musical ideas, XV. 642.
Pogge, fish, XII. 174.
Poggio Bbacciolini, XVIII. 174—his
Facetiae, II. 674.
Poggy Islands. See Nassau Isles.
Poglezza, VII. 595.
Pogonias, bird, XVI. 599.
 , fish, XII. 176.
Pogonocherus, insect, IX. 180.
Pogromnaia Reca, river, XVIII. 174.
Poictiers. See Poitiers.
Poignard on magic squares, XIII. 681.
Point, XVIII. 174.
Point-Blank, in gunnery, XVIII. 174.
Point de Galle, XVIII. 174 ; VI. 303.
Point Gobdwak, in the Bay of Bengal,
XVIII. 174.
Point Pedbo, in Ceylon, XVIII. 174.
Pointed architecture, III. 419-423, 430,
453, 463, 474—first period of, 454—
second period, 455—third period, 456.
Pointer-dogs, XX. 309.
Pointing,in grammar, XVIII. 174,729.
Pointis, a bucaneer, V. 625.
Points, XVIII. 174.
Pointy, in Bengal, XVIII. 174.
Poison, XVIII. 174—poisons distin¬
guished from aliments and medicines,
III. 166—the same do not act alike
on different animals, ib.—extensive
poisonings in Italy and France with
aqua Tofana, 313, 314—of spiders,
353—juice of the manioc, V. 67—
death from, XIV. 500—poisonous ani¬
mals, 526—ordeal by poison, XVI.
520—diseases from, XVII. 488—of
serpents, XX. 126, 150—poisoning of
rats, XXI. 600.
Poison-gland of serpents, III. 40.
Poison-Tkee, XVIII. 183. See Upas.
Poisson (Monsieur), on the transmission
and velocity of sound, II. 116; XX.
484—on electricity, VIII. 573—his
theory of waves, XII. 6—on magnet¬
ism, XIII. 773—on optics, XVI. 378,
437—on the pendulum, XVII. 192,
204—on probability, XVIII. 593.
Poiteau (Monsieur), on the germination
of wheat, III. 76, 78.
Poitiers, in France, XVIII. 183—battle
of, VI. 604 ; VIII. 728 ; X. 18.
POL
Pol de Leon, French city, XVIII. 246
—encroachment of sand at, XVI. 776.
Pola, amphitheatre at, II. 670.
 , island, XVIII. 183.
Polacre, XVIII. 183.
Poland, XVIII. 184 ; XI. 484—parti:
tion of, IV. 312; XIX. 553—Polish
Bibles, IV. 617—corn-trade of, VII.
362—Napoleon’s conduct towards, X.
144, 148, 155—Jews in, XII. 583-
language of, XIII. 89 ; XVII. 420-
libraries in, XIII. 315—coins of, XV.
408, 410—wars with Russia, XIX.
532, ef seq.—geology of, 566—wars with
Sweden, XXI. 17, 20—deposition of
Augustus, and elevation of Stanislas to
the throne, 32—reinstatement of Au¬
gustus, 23—war with Turkey, 413—
weights and measures of, 855.
Polar Circles, X. 406.
Polar Light. See Aurora Borealis.
Polar Regions, recent discoveries of Parry
and others in the, II. 606—insects of,
IX. 104—voyages to, X. 401 ; XVIII.
215—plants of, XVII. 546.
Polar Seas, XVIII. 215 — Russian
islands in, XIX. 590.
Polarisation of Light, XVIII. 225 ;
XIII. 333 ; XVI. 359, 365, et seq.—
discovery of, by Mains, I. 638—idea
of, may be traced to Newton's Optics,
ib.—laws of, VI. 641. See Chromatics,
of heat, XI. 187
Polarity of steel watch-balanees, VI. 800
—of magnets, XIII. 703.
Polcura or alum-earth, II. 574.
Pole (Reginald), Archbishop of Canter¬
bury, XVIII. 246 ; VIII. 750, 754.
 (Wellesley), V. 545.
Poles, in astronomy, XVIII. 247—in
geography, X. 406—Daines Barring¬
ton on the possibility of reaching the
North Pole, IV. 407—magnetic poles,
XIII. 691—poles of maximum cold,
695. See Polar Regions.
Pole-axe, XVIII. 247.
Pole-cat, XIV. 109.
Pole-star, VII. 771.
Polein, XVIII. 247.
POLEMAECHDS, XVIII. 247.
Polematas, VII. 623.
Polemical, XVIII. 247.
Polemo, philosopher, XVIII. 247.
 Grsecanicus, XII. 291.
Polemon, king of Pontus, XVIII. 361.
Polemonideje,in botany, V. 121.
Poleni, on hydrodynamics, XII. 3, 64.
Polesina, in Italy, XVIII. 247.
POLETA!, XVIII. 247.
Poli, on conchology, XV. 331. I
Polianthes, in botany, XVIII. 247.
Police, XVIII. 248—medical, XIV(
508—Prussian, XVIII. 697—of Vie
na, XXI. 645.
Policy of Insurance, XVIII. 257.
Poligna (Melchior de), XVIII. 257
Poligny, in France, XVIII. 257.
Polisher, XVIII. 257.
Polistes, inseet, IX. 231.
Politeness, XVIII. 257 ; XV.
474.
Politian (Angelo), Italian
XVIII. 257; VI. 717.
Political, XVIII. 257.
• Arithmetic, XVIII. 257
POL
Poll-Money, XVIII. 308.
Pollard, XVIII. 308.
Pollen of plants, XVIII. 308 ; III. 97;
V. 44 ; XXI. 583—active molecules
found in, III. 192—collected by bees,
IV. 520.
Pollenin, VI. 481.
Pollicis Pressio, XVIII. 308.
Pollio (Cains Asinius), XVIII. 308 
his patronage of Virgil, XXI. 654.
  (Vedius), his treatment of his
slaves, XX. 382.
Pollock, fish, XII. 218.
Polloo*, Hindu town, XVIII. 308.
Pollux, XVIII. 308.
(Julius), ancient Greek writer,
XVlJ. 308.
Polo, kland, XVIII. 308.
—  j(Marco), XVII. 158 ; VI. 551,
574, 587—his travels in Asia, III.
697 X. 397.
 Duties, XV. 476.
 Economy, XVIII. 258
457—inadequacy of the term
press the nature of the science^ 294
—Aristotle on, III. 529—Becaa on,
IV. 505. See Colonies, Conerce,
Corn Laws, Cottage System, Cfency
Economists, Emigration, Pi
ney, Poor Laws, Population
 Education, VIII. 450. i
 Science, little adrancep.de in.
•where-
ionomy,
prior to the 17 th century
Politics, Aristotle on, III. 5
in different from politic!
XVIII. 271
Poliziano (Angelo), XVIII. 2^VT. 717.
Poll, XVIII. 308.
Poll-evil, XXI. 616.
Polochfum, insect, IX. 229.
Polooishah, XVIII. 308.
Poltrion, XVIII. 308.
Polyaanthus, fish, XII. 190.
Polyanus, XVIII. 308.
Polykthea, XVIII. 309.
Polyaithus, culture of, XI. 684.
Polyi us, Greek historian, XVIII. 309
—s^le of, III. 264 ; XVII. 407—on
govfrnment, IX. 10—Folard’s Com-
mertaries on, 712—on geography, X.
393-discrepancies between him and
Li|, XIII. 401.
 k Greek anatomist, II. 686.
Poiy|arp, XVIII. 310.
Polyhord, XVIII. 311.
Polydroite, VI. 485; VIII. 321.
Polyctrus, reptile, XIX. 145.
PoLYLETES, Greek statuary and archi¬
tect XVIII. 311.
Polye’ inm, molluscum, XV. 371.
Polyciyledons, in botany, III. 72.
Polyiota, XVIII. 311.
Polydi mus, insect, XV. 653.
Polyi re Virgil, XXL 657.
I’OLY] iRUS, XVIII. 311.
Polye; us, insect, IX. 228.
Polyy eae, in botany, V. 98.
PoLmniA, in botany, XVIII. 311; V.
88
PolhAmy, XVIII. 311-in Arabia, III.
I 335--prevalent in Asia, 694—among
I tk Battas, IV. 451—in China, VI.
5 7; Siam, XX. 322 ; Unalashka, II.
4'6—is unnatural, XV. 472.
Cougars’ Territory, XVIII. 314.
Polgars, VI. 148.
Poiyglott Bibles, XVIII. 314 ; IV.
i ae.
Po.ygnotus, ancient Greek painter,
iVIII. 314 ; XVI. 700, 703.
Pilygon, XVIII. 314 ; X. 432, 438,
449, 453—to find its area, XIV. 568.
Rdygoneae, in botany, V. 126.
Iolygraphy, XVIII. 314.
Polyhedron, XVIII. 314.
Polyhymnia, one of the Muses, XVIII.
I 314 ; XV. 603.
Polymathy, XVIII. 314.
Polynemus, fish, XII. 171.
au)i)r, Polynesia, XVIII. 315; IV. 203-
diving in, VIII. 61—animals of, XVII.
551—absence of serpents in, XX.
133. See Otaheite, &c.
Polynoe, worm, XI. 221.
Polyodon, fish, XII. 230.
Polyommatus, insect, IX. 242.
Polypes, zoophytes, XXI. 1019—mol-
iuscan, 1020-1—radiated, 1021.
Polyphemus, a Cyclops, XVIII. 329.
Polyplectron, musical instrument,
XVIII. 329—bird, XVI. 606.
Polyprion, fish, XII. 169.
Polypterus, fish, XII. 217.
Polypus, insect, XVIII. 329 ; III. 162,
163, 181—structure of, XVII. 722.
of the nose in the domestic ani¬
l'll.
Mo-
mals, XXL 629.
PolysemAsia, XVIII. 330.
Polyspermous plants, XVIII. 330.
Polystoma, zoophytes, XXL 997.
Polysyllable, XVIII. 330.
POL—POO
Polytechnic School in France, X. 205
Polytheism, XVIII. 330—origin of
IV. 169. See Mythology.
Polytriglyph, III. 469.
Polytypage, XVIII. 567.
Polyxenus, insect, XV. 653.
Polyzona, mollusca, XV. 370.
Pomaceae, in botany, V. 108.
Pomatumus, fish, XII. 168.
Pombal, XVIII. 342, 471.
 (Marquis of), his administration
in Brazil, V. 193.
Pomegranate tree, sp. gr. of, XII. 34.
Pomerania, Prussian province, XVIII.
342—coast of, IV. 329.
Pomfret (John), poet, XVIII. 342.
 (black), fish, XII. 188.
Pomme, in heraldry, XVIII. 342.
Pommel, XVIII. 342.
Pomocentrus, fish, XII. 176.
Pomgebium, XVIII. 342.
Pomona, island, XVI. 539.
Pomotis, fish, XII. 169.
Pompeii, XVIII. 343: III. 419, 431;
XV. 699—streets and houses in, III.
445—domestic utensils found in, 447
— architectural remains of, 473 —
pictures in, XVI. 728 — steelyard
found in, XXI. 836.
Pompey, XVIII. 346 ; VIII. 474, et seq.;
XIX. 394, etseq.—death of, 397—Je¬
rusalem taken by, XII. 571—his expe¬
dition against Mithrldates, XVIII.
356.
Pompey’s Pillar, XVIII. 346 ; II 412.
Pompilus, insect, IX. 229.
Pomponatius (Peter), XVIII. 346.
Pomum, in botany, V. 48.
Ponarum, Indian town, XVIII. 346.
Ponce de Leon, poetry of, XVIII. 163.
 (Pedro de), VII. 658.
Poncet’s Abyssinian mission, II. 54,
Pond (Mr), his peculiar defect of hear¬
ing, XV. 607.
 for fish, IX. 589.
Pondah, Hindu town, XVIII. 346.
Pondi, island, XVIII. 346.
Pondicherry, XVIII. 346,
PONDIMARKA, XVIII. 347.
Pondong, island, XVIII. 347.
Ponera, insect, IX. 128.
Poniard, XVIII. 347.
Poniatoft'ski, oi Poniatowski (Count),
VI. 243, 245 : XXI. 24
Pons (St), in France, XVlH. 347.
Pont-a-Mousson, XVIII. 347.
Pont Audemer, XVIII. 347.
Pont Cysylte aqueduct, III. 322.
Pont de Baux, XVIII. 347.
Pont l’Eyeque, XVIII. 348.
Ponta del Gada, IV. 263.
Pontarlier, in France, XVIII. 347.
Ponte-Corvo, Italian city, XVIII. 347.
Pontederiacese, in botany, V. 135.
Pontefract, XVIII. 347.
Pontia, island, XVIII. 362.
PONTEVICO, XVIII. 347.
Pontiana, Dutch settlement in Borneo
XVIII. 347 ; V. 10.
Pontifex, XVIII. 347—office of Ponti-
fex Maximus, XIV. 463.
Pontificate, XVIII. 347.
Pontine marshes, XVII. 5.
Pontivy, in France, XVIII. 347.
Pontoise, in France, XVIII. 348.
Pontoon, XVIII. 348.
Carriage, XVIII. 348.
Bridge, XVIII. 348.
Pontus, in Asia Minor, XVIII. 348.
Pontypool, XVIII. 362.
Pony, XI. 591—Highland, II. 317.
Ponza, or Pontia, island, XVIII. 362.
Poogul, or Pooggul, a Hindu town.
XVIII. 362 ; IV. 609.
Pool, or Poole, in Dorsetshire, XVIII.
362 ; VIII. 120.
—— (Gerrit Tomaz), exploratory voy¬
age of, IV. 205;
Poole (Matthew), XVIII. 363
Poonah, XVIII. 363; XL 438.
Poonakha, Hindu town, XVIII. 364.
Poonar, Hindu town, XVIII. 364.
Poondy, Hindu town, XVIII. 364.
124
INDEX
POO—POP
Poon-wood of India, XXI. 300.
Pooe, XVIII. 364—support of the,
XVII. 335, n.—their right to support,
XVIII. 426. See Mendicity, Pauper¬
ism, Poor-Laws.
Poor Knights, islands, XVIII. 364.
Poor-Laws,XVIII. 364—Russian, XIX.
584—Scotch, 765—Spanish, XX. 522
—Swiss, XXI. 50—their origin in
England, VII. 335, 336, n.—agricul¬
tural colonies of Holland, II. 347—
cottage-system, VII. 386, 392.
Poor-rates, XXI. 109—English, VIII.
790—pernicious effects of paying
wages out of, 791.
POORBDNDER, XVIII. 364.
Poornah, river, XVIII. 388.
Poorpooroo, island, XVIII. 388.
Pooronder, XVIII. 388.
Poorwah, Hindu town, XVIII. 388.
Pooshkpr, Hindu town, XVIII. 388.
Pootellam, Hindu town, XVIII. 388.
Pooti, river, XVIII. 388.
Popavan, XVIII. 388.
Pope of Rome, XVIII. 388—Aquinas
on power of, I. 420—ceremony of
kissing feet of, II. 161—suppression
of obnoxious hooks by the Popes, IV.
628—election of, VII. 196—power of,
during the middle ages, 491—effect
of the Crusades on power of, ib.—
tiara of, XI. 256—rise of power of,
481, 491, et seq.—ecclesiastical power
and privileges of, 496 — consistory,
VII. 266.
Pope (Alex.), XVIII. 391—mistake of,
concerning the dogma of necessity, L
128 — his censure of Newton and
Clarke relative to their reasoning on
the existence of a deity, 140, 146—
Spinozism and Pantheism, with which
he charged Clarke, brought against
himself, 147—his veneration for Ber¬
keley, 163—Memoirs of Martinus
Scriblerus, III. 37 6—his treatment of
Broome, V. 590—his injustice to
Burman, 720 —his satire on Dr
Clarke, VI. 729—his Homer publish¬
ed by subscription, VII. 316—on Dry-
den, VIII. 223 — on gardening, X.
323, n.—poetry of, XVIII. 171—Ros-
coe’s edition and Life of, XIX. 476—
Warburton’s Vindication of his Essay
on Man, XXI. 770, 771—his friend¬
ship with Warburton, 771—Warton’s
Essay on his Writings and Genius,
778 ; and edition of his works, 779—
his definition of wit, 906.
  (Sir Thomas), Warton’s Life of,
XXL 780.
POPERINGHEN, XVIII. 405.
Popery, XVIII. 405 — favoured by
Charles the Second, V. 351, 354 ; and
by James the Second, 356—baptism,
IV. 354, 355—canon law, VI. 91—ca¬
nonization, 95—origin of some of its
superstitions, XIX. 419—holy water,
XXL 784. See Celibacy, Penance,
Purgatory, Reformation, Relics, &e.
Pop-gun Plot, V. 476.
Popham (Sir John), XVIII. 406.
 (Sir Home), his capture of Bue¬
nos Ayres, V. 523 — his telegraph,
XXI. 139—his code of naval signals,
142 ; XVI. 56.
PopiLins (Lamas), XVIII. 406.
Popish Plot, V. 348; XH. 375; XIII.411.
Popeab, in Middlesex, XVIII. 406.
Poplar-trees, XVII. 780, 784, 790.
Poplar-wood, specific gravity of, XII. 34
—its use in joinery, 618.
Popo, XVIII. 407.
Popoca (Mount), XVIII. 407.
Popocatepetl, volcano, XIV. 797.
Poppaja(Sabina), XVIII. 407; XIX.403.
Population, XVIII. 407; XI. 393, n.
—of ancient and modern Egypt, VIII.
527—of England, 797—of Greece, X.
736—its increase in America, II. 649 ;
XXI. 457—capability of America of
supporting, II. 649—its redundancy
a reason for colonization, VII. 113—
Malthus’s theory of, 114; XIV. 68
POP—POR
—tendency of the cottage-system to
increase it, VII. 392, 393-4—effects of
the cotton-manufacture on, 413—emi¬
gration as a remedy of superfluous,
VIII. 683—Filangierion,IX. 575-6—
its tendency to increase, XIV. 509—
its increase in Russia, XIX. 572.
Populin, VI. 471.
Porcelain, XVIII. 429—Chinese, VI.
577, 578—Japanese, XII. 517—chip¬
ping of, VI. 589—manufacture of, in
England, VIII. 779—specific gravity
of, XII. 34. See Pottery.
Porcellanite, sp. gr. of, XII. 34.
Porch, XVIII. 441.
Porchesteh, in Hants, XVIII. 441.
PoRCO.in Bolivia, XVIII. 441.
Porcg, Hindu town, XVIII. 441.
Porcupine, XIV. 139.
PORDENONE, XVIII. 441.
Pore, town in Colombia, XIII. 03.
Pores of plants, III. 67—of leaws, 95.
Poretschie, XVIII. 441.
Porism, in geometry, XVIII. 441.
Poritidae, zoophytes, XXI. 1022
Pork, XVIII. 447—pickling andldtting
of, IT. 339.
Porlock, XVIII. 447.
Poro-Isle, XVIII. 447.
Poronnishir, island, XVIII. 44 .
Porphyrio, bird, XVI. 627.
Porphyrius, XVIII. 447—Did 1e forge
Sanchoniatho's cosmogony ? XK. G 36.
Porphyrops, insect, IX. 277.
Porphyry, in mineralogy, XVII. ft47
■—specific gravity of, XII: 34—me¬
tals found in, XV. 278.
Porpoise, XIV. 177—stomach ofbottle-
nose, III. 36—white, at the maths of
the Danube, IV. 660.
Porsenna, XIX. 369
Porson (Richard), XVIII. 447.
Port or harbour, XVIII. 454- royal
prerogative respecting ports,i22—m
sea language, XVIII. 452.
Ports of a ship of war, XVIII.152.
Port wine, XVI. 346; XXL 90.
Porta (Baptista), XIV. 282—oioptics,
I. 508 ; XIII. 329 ; XVI. 352-popu-
larity of his Magia Naturalii 1 509
—his physical researches, IV 385—
on the concentration of cold ly re¬
flection, VII. 57—on dew, 549—on
physiognomy, XVII. 575. >
 (Giacomo della), his merits Is in
architect, III. 426.
 (Giambattista della), on pW
matics, XX. 613-14.
Portadown, Irish town, XVIII. 4<E.
Portaferry, Irish town, XVIII. 4$.
Portal, in architecture, XVIII. 451.
 (Antoine), his System of Ana¬
tomy, II. 704, 828.
Portalegre, XVIII. 453 ; XIX. 24i
Portales, VI. 544.
Port Anna Maria, XVIII. 453.
Port Arlington, XVIII. 453.
Portate, in heraldry, XVIII. 453.
Port-au-Prince, XVIII. 453.
Portcullis, XVIII. 453.
Port-Dalrymple, XVIII. 453.
Porte (the Sublime), XXI. 422.
Portendik, XX. 94.
Porteous Mob, VIII. 415.
Porter (Captain), XVIII. 328.
 (Sir R. K.), his account of Per-
sepolis, XVII. 255.
 , liquor, XVIII. 453—-brewing
of, V. 252—strength of, 254.
Porter’s automaton lamp, XIII. 44.
Porterfield on perception, XIV. 605.
Port-Glasgow, XVIII. 453.
Port-Grace, XVI. 160.
PORTGREVE, XVIII. 454.
Porthoneus, fish, XII. 186.
Portici, XVIII. 454; XV. 699—dial
found at, VII. 758.
Portico, XVIII. 454 ; III. 469.
Porticus, in architecture, HI. 469.
Port-Jackson, XVIII. 454.
Portland (Duke of.) See Bentinck.
 Islands, XVIII. 455,
 Island, XVIII. 455.
POR-POS
Portland, in Maine, XIV. 44.
 Vase, XVIII. 455.'
 (Isle of), in Dorsetshire, XVIII.
455—quarries of, VIII. 120—geology
of, XV. 205.
  Stone, boring of, V. 5 —vast
blocks of, VIII. 120.
 Roads, construction of a break¬
water in, recommended, V. 223.
Portlock and Dixon’s voyage, X. 262.
Port Louis, in France, XVIII. 455.
 , in Mauritius, XIV. 332.
Port-Macquarie, XVIII. 455.
Portobello, a burgh in Edinburgh¬
shire, XVIII. 455 ; VIII. 430.
 , in Panama, XVI. 785—captured
by Admiral Vernon, V. 379; by the
bucaneers, 624.
Porto Ferrajo, in Elba, XVIII. 455.
Porto-Novo, Indian town, XVIII. 455.
Porto Rico, island, XVIII. 455.
Porto Santo, XIII. 671.
Porto-Seguro, in Brazil, XVIII. 457.
Port-Patrick, XVIII. 457; XXI. 883.
Portrait, XVIII. 457.
Portrait-painter, a blind, IV. 702.
Portrait-painting, XVI. 703, 704—Sir
Joshua Reynolds on, III. 655.
Portree, XVIII. 459; XX. 381.
Port-Royal, in Jamaica, XVIII. 455;
XII. 501.
 , in Martinique, XIV. 266.
Port-Sandwick, XVIII. 455.
Portsea, XVIII. 459.
Portsmouth, XVIII. 459; XI. 129—
Naval Academy at, II. 77—blockma¬
king at, IV. 704—fire in the dockyard
of, in 1776, V. 425—fortification of,
437, 438—basin at, VIII. 80—dock¬
yard, 84—Naval College, ib Naval
Architectural School, ib.; XX. 229,
230, 259—harbour, VIII. 763—Arun¬
del Canal, XVI. 17—early origin of
dockyard, XX. 215.
— , in New Hampshire, XVI. 164.
Port oy, Scottish burgh, XVIII. 461.
Portugal, XVIII. 4 62—construction
of map of, II. 68—Royal Academies
of Sciences and Portuguese History,
73, 75—American olonies, 639 —
settlements in Angola, 151—pointed
architecture, III. 423—army, 602 
botanists, V. 82—discovery and settle¬
ment of Brazil, 188—war with Spain
in 1762, 386—French invasion of, in
1807, 524; X. 148—British troops
sent to, in 1826, V. 571—settlements
in Ceylon, VI. 305—colonies, VII.
126—commercial treaty with Britain
in 1703, 164—trade with England,
VIII. 779—Indian possessions, X. 594
—language, XIII. 88—variation of the
needle, 734, 736—coins, XV. 488, 4) A
newspapers, XVI. 173 — condition
under Emanuel, 655—religion, XIX.-
316—romance, 330—slave-trade, XX.
385, 386—computation of tonnage of
1 ships, XXI. 329—weights and mea¬
sures, 855—map of, XX. PI. 464. See
Alphonso, Portuguese.
I'rtugalete, silver-mines of, IV. 749.
P-tuguese, their missions to Abyssinia,
I. 52—first circumnavigated Africa,
20—their quarrels with the Hotten-
ts, 226—maritime discoveries, X.
18—intercourse with the Japanese,
-I. 519 ; and Chinese, XIII. 617—
n the originators of the slave-trade,
383. See Portugal.
Por.ruese-man-of-vvar, zoophyte, XXI.
1(4.
Portieese, in botany, V. 111.
PorAina, Irish town, XVIII. 483.
Poruriefeated by Alexander the Great,
XI 635.
Posec Hungarian city, XVIII. 483.
PosEt^n Prussia, XVIII. 483, 212.—
s"'ai of ants at. III. 243.
PosiDtus, XVIII. 483 ; X. 426-on
the ‘th’s size, XIX. 546; X. 393.
Positi (Centre of), XVIII. 483.
Positiv]ectricity, VIII. 57 6, 578.
Positr.Hindu town, XVIII. 485.
POS—POU
Poson, island, XVIII. 485.
Possession Island, XVIII. 485.
Possessive Case, XVIII. 485; X. 643.
Post, XVIII. 485.
Post-Office, XVIII. 486—in Edin¬
burgh, VIII. 420—in London, XIII.
502—revenue from, in Austria, IV.
232—abuses in franking, V. 389—
postage as a tax, XXI. 117.
Post-Horse, an inlet near the coast of
Celebes, XVIII. 485.
Post-Horse, XI. 595.
Posterior, XVIII. 485.
Postern, in fortification, XVIII. 485.
Posthumous, XVIII. 485.
Posticum, in architecture, III. 469.
Postil, XVIII. 485.
Postillions, rocks, XVIII. 485.
Postliminium, XVIII. 485.
Postulate, XVIII. 498 ; XIII. 444.
Potaliese, in botany, V. 120.
Potamese, in botany, V. 137.
Potamon of Alexandria, XVIII. 498.
Potance of a watch, VI. 786.
Potaroo, in zoology, XIV. 128.
Potash, XVIII. 498; VI. 393-salts of,
445—saccharate of, 472—gunpowder
from oxymuriate of, XI. 83—specific
gravity of salts of, XII. 34—poison¬
ous quality of, XIV. 502—optical pro¬
perties of sulphate of, XVI. 491.
Potash-alum, II. 572.
Potassium, VI. 392—Davy’s discovery
of, VII. 639—sp. gr. of, XII. 34.
Potato, XVIII. 498; XII. 488 —in¬
troduction of, II, 259—culture of,
261, 285 ; XI. 669—varieties of, II.
285—constituents of, IV. 300—starch
of, VI. 477—state of the people where
it forms the sole food, VII. 394—dis¬
liked in Lombardy, XIII. 483—its
culture in Mexico, XIV. 800—distil¬
lation from, in Norway, XVI. 267.
Potato-bread, IV. 299, 302.
Potato-flour, machine for the grinding
of, II. 355.
Potato-scoop, II. 355.
Potentia, XVIII. 499.
Potential, XVIII. 499.
Potentilleae, in botany, V. 107.
Pothier, his share in drawing up the
Code Napoleon, XIII. 184.
Potidaaa, Socrates at, XX. 441.
Potiphar, Xvill. 499 ; XVII. 379
Potomac, American river, XVIII. 499;
XIV. 271.-
Potos, in zoology, XIV. 107.
Potosi, in Bolivia, XVIII. 499—silver-
mines of, IV. 749; XV. 264—cli¬
mate, IV. 750—population, 751.
 , town in Missouri, XV. 304.
Potowatomies, their marriage-customs,
II. 620—their cannibalism, 621.
Potsdam, in Prussia, XVIII. 499.
Potstone, specific gravity of, XII. 34.
Pott (Mr), on alum, II. 571.
 (Percival), his surgical improre-
ments, XX. 830.
Potten, in Bedfordshire, XVIII. 500.
Potter (Christopher), XVIII. 500.
 (Humphrey), XX. 624.
 (John), archbishop, XVIII. 500.
  (Mr), his microscope, XV. 41,
50—on test-objects, 54.
Pottery, XVIII. 500; XIV. 508—
earthen vessels used by the Romans
in building, III. 260—chipping of, VI.
589—Delft-ware, VII. 682—cooling-
vessels, 58—manufacture of tobacco-
pipes, XXI. 318—potteries in China,
VI. 578; England, VIII. 779 ; Staf¬
fordshire, XX. 558,559. See Glazing
Porcelain.
Pottinger (Lieut.), his travels in Asia,
III. 682, }t. 3; IV. 559—on the cha¬
racter of the Asiatics, III. 693—his
account of Sinde, XX. 361-5.
Pouchon-tea, XXI. 131.
Pouillet (Mons.), on the electricity deve¬
loped in combustion, VIII. 605; and by
vegetables, 608—his hygrometer, XII.
124—on magnetic metals, XIII. 700
—on the power of differimt substances
INDEX
125
POU—PllE
as conductors of electricity, XXI.
675—on thermo-electricity, 697.
Poultice, XXI. 613, n. 3.
PotJLTON, in Lancashire, XVIII. 502.
Pocltey, XVIII. 502—management of,
II. 341—artificial hatching of, XIX.
81—poultry-houses,II. 272.
Pound, weight, XVIII. 502—standard
Troy pound, XXI. 845.
 (Mr), V. 171.
   , money, XVIII. 502—degrada¬
tion of pound sterling, XV. 399.
Poundage, XVIII. 502; XXI. 334.
Poupard’s counter-balance, XXI. 837.
Poussin (Nicholas), painter, XVIII. 502
—character of his works*, III, 648,
649 ; XVI. 723.
 (Gaspak), painter, XVIII. 502.
Pouteou, island, XVIII. 502.
Poverty Bay^XVIII. 502.
Powally, Hindu town, XVIII. 502.
Powanghur, XVIII. 502.
Powder. See Gunpowder.
Powders, electricity of, VIII. 602.
Power, mechanical, XIV. 356—of . men,
426—of horses, 430—notion of, 632.
See Dynamics, Force.
Power-loom, VII. 408 ; XXI. 830, 933
—history of the, X. 558.
Powhattans, II. 617, 620.
Poyais, XI. 19.
Poynings (Sir Edward), his government
of Ireland, XII. 361.
Pozzallo, XV. 702.
Praam, XVIII. 503.
Pracels, islands, XVIII. 502.
Phjemunire, in law, XVIII. 502.
Pr^neste, in Latium, XVIII. 502.
Prseter-perfect tense, X. 659, 661.
Praeter-imperfect tense, X. 659, 661.
Pr.etor, XVIII. 529.
Pragmatic Sanction, XVIII. 502.
Prague, XVIII. 502—besieged by Fre¬
derick III., XVIII. 673.
Prairie du Rocher, XII. 248.
Prairies, American, XXI. 541—of Illi¬
nois, XII. 247; Indiana, 265; Loui¬
siana, XIII. 571.
Praise, love of, I. 382.
Prase, a mineral, V. 786 ; XV. 157.
Prasium, specific gravity of, XII. 34,
Praslin, island, XVIII. 504.
Prasocuris, insect, IX. 184.
Pratinas, Greek poet, XVIII. 503.
Pratincole, bird, XVI. 628.
Prato, Italian city, XVIII. 503.
Pratt (Charles), earl of Camden,XVIII.
503.
Pratus Isles, XVIII. 504.
Pbaxagoras, historian, XVIII. 504.
• , anatomist, II. 687—his skill in
surgery, XX. 822.
Praxiteles, Greek sculptor, XVIII.
504—his statues, XX. 7.
Prayer, XVIII. 504; XII. 337—for the
dead, 752, n.—enjoined by Mahom-
med, XIV. 38.
Preadamite, XVIII. 506.
Prebelow Islands, XIX. 590.
Prebend, XVIII. 506; VIII. 789.
Prebendary, XVIII. 506.
Precedence, XVIII. 506.
Precession of the Equinoxes, XVIII.
507; III. 767—discovered by Hip¬
parchus, 731—Laplace’s discoveries
relative to, 752.
Precocity of talent, a dangerous gift,
XIV. 585.
Precordia, XVIII. 514.
Predecessor, XVIII. 514.
Predestination, XVIII. 514—a Ma-
hommedan doctrine, XIV. 37.
Predetermination, XVIII. 516.
Predicables, XVIII. 516 ; III. 510.
Predicaments, XVIII. 516; III. 510.
Preetz, Danish town, XVIII. 516.
Pre-existence, XVIII. 516.
Preface, XVIII. 517. ' '
Prefect, XVIII. 518; X. 215.
Pregel, river, XVIII. 690.
Pregnancy, limits and signs of, XIV.
494—a bar to execution of a criminal,
XIV. 513. See Gestation.
PRE—PRI
Prehension, XVII. 580—organs of, XIV-
86. See Hand.
Prehnite, XV. 150—pyro-electricity of,
VIII. 598—sp. gr. of, XII. 34.
Prejudice, XVIII. 518.
Prelate, XVIII. 518.
Preliminary, XVIII. 518.
Prelude, in music, XVIII. 518.
Premises, in logic, XVIII. 518; XIII.
446.
Premium, XVIII. 518.
Premnas, fish, XII. 176.
Premonstrantes, XVIII. 518.
Prenomen, XVIII. 518.
Prenzlow, Prussian city, XVIII. 518.
Preparation, XVIII. 518.
Prepositions, in grammar, XVIII.
518 ; X. 672, 677, 685.
Prepuce, II. 825.
Prerau, Moravian city, XVIII. 518.
Prerogative, XVIII. 518.
 (Royal), XVIII. 518—in Eng¬
land, IX. 20, 37.
Presage, XVIII. 523.
Presburg, Austrian city, XVIII. 523.
Presbyopia, XVII. 671.
Presbyt,®, disease, XVIII. 523.
Presbyter, XVIII. 523; XI. 489, et
seq.; XII. 263.
Presbyterian Church in Ireland, XII.
399—in Scotland, XIX. 763 ; XI.
559.
Presbyterians, XVIII. 523—persecu¬
tion of, in Scotland, XIII. 214. See
Covenanters, Episcopacy.
Prescience, XVIII. 527; XIV. 699.
Prescot, in Lancashire, XVIII. 527.
Prescription, XVIII. 527.
Presence, XVIII. 527.
Present Tense, in grammar, XVIII.
527; X. 658, 660.
Presentation, XVIII. 527 — of the
Virgin, ib.—of Our Lady, 528.
Presently, VIII. 10.
Preservation offood, IX. 727.
Presidencies (Indian), XI. 463.
President, XVIII. 528—Lord Presi¬
dent of the Council, ib.
Press,machine, XVIII. 528—Founder’s
— Inlayer’s—Joiner’s—Liquor—Rol¬
ling—Binder’s—Woollen-cloth, ib.—
Bramah’s hydrostatic press, XII.
107; II. 114 ; IV. 387; VI. 19—print¬
ing-press, XVIII. 549, 559, 570.
 (Liberty of the). See Liberty.
Pressing, XVIII. 528—ofprintedsheets,
XVIII. 562.
Pressirostres, birds, XVI. 616.
Pressure, mechanical action of, VIII.
345—composition of pressures, 358—
electricity produced by, 600—of fluids,
XII. 10—of water in pipes, 59—ex¬
citement and propagation of, XX.
565. See Hydrodynamics.
Presteign, Welsh town, XVIII. 528.
Prester, meteor, XVIII. 528.
 John, XVIII. 528 ; II. 36 ; IV.
571 ; X. 307 ; XI. 482 ; XVI. 105.
Presto, in music, XVIII. 528.
Preston, town in Lancashire, XVIII.
528— battle of, V. 375.
 (Mr) on English law, XIII. 195.
Prestonpans, Scottish town, XVIII.
529— battle of, V. 381.
Prestwick, in Lancashire, XVIII. 529.
Presumptive heir, III. 293.
Pretender (The). See Charles Edward.
Preterite, XVIII. 529.
Preterition, XVIII. 529.
Pretext, XVIII. 529.
Pretexta (Toga), XVIII. 529.
Pretor, or Pr^tor, XVIII. 529.
Pretorian Guards, XVIII. 529.
PRETORiuM.or Praetorium, XVIII. 529.
Prevost (Benedict), his experiments on
dew, VII. 751.
 (Sir G.), V. 538.
Prevot, romances of, XIX. 353.
Priacanthus, fish, XII. 169.
Priam, king of Troy, XVIII. 529—cha¬
racter of, 150.
Priaman, in Sumatra, XVIII. 529.
Priapus, XVIII. 529.
PRI
Price (Richard), D.D., XVIII. 529—his
work on the Principal Questions in
Morals, I. 361—considered the under¬
standing as an independent source of
simple ideas, 362—does not explain
the independence of the conscience
on the will, ib.—on the size of farms,
II. 346—on Reversionary Payments,
III. 199, 200—on the population of
England, VIII. 797—on mortality,
XV. 516, 518, 538, 546, 547, 554;
XVIII. 420, et seq.
 (William), X. 565.
Prices, computation of, HI. 553—in an¬
cient Athens, IV. 171—effect of in¬
crease of precious metals on, VII. 159
•—effects of bank-notes on, 160—effects
of war-expenditure on, 161, 172—ef¬
fect of high price of provisions on
wages, 345—prices of grain in Eng¬
land from 1646 to 1826, 356—effects
of subdivision of land on price of raw
produce, 386—by what regulated,
XVIII. 288—in Switzerland, XXI.
50—effect of indirect taxes on, 110—
prices of food used in Greenwich Hos¬
pital from 1800 to 1835, 937. See
Corn-Laws, Taxation.
Prichard (Dr), on the unity of the hu¬
man species, II. 134—on the indigen¬
ous Americans, 616—on the Celtic
nations, VI. 275, 276—on the Physi¬
cal History of Man, XIV. 194, 203—
on insanity, 578, et seq.—on phreno¬
logy, XVII. 469, 471.
Pricking, in veterinary science, XXI.
618.
Prickles of plants, III. 69 ; V. 33.
Priest, XVIII. 531. See Clergy.
Priesthood, Greek, IV. 171.
Priestley (Joseph), XVIII. 531—his
opinion of Hartley’s theory, I. 171 
on the composition of the atmosphere,
IV. 134—burning of his house by a
mob at Birmingham, 648 ; V. 460—
his chemical discoveries, VI. 349—on
expansion from electricity, VIII. 624
—on the chemical power of electricity,
628—Horsley’s controversy with, XI.
626—denies instincts, XII. 297, 301,
303—at Leeds, XIII. 164—on matter,
XIV. 653—on materialism, 671, et seq.
—on necessity, 690—his eudiometer,
XVII. 531—on the changes produced
on air by vegetation, XXI. 575, 577—
his experiments on the composition
of water, 818.
Prieto, VI. 544.
Pride, XVIII. 530. See Arrogance.
   (Colonel), V. 332.
Prideaux (Humphry), XVIII. 530.
Prim^e Vias, XVIII. 533.
Primary, XVIII. 533.
 Rocks, XV. 188; XVII. 50 j.
Primate, XVIII. 533.
Primaticcio, painter, XVI. 710.
Prime, XVIII. 533.
Primer Seisin, in law, XVIII. 533.
Primine, III. 100.
Primine sac, in botany, V. 46.
Priming, XVIII. 533.
Primipilus, XVIII. 533.
Primiti.*, XVIII. 533.
Primitive, XVIII. 533—metals in pri¬
mitive rocks, XV. 277.
Primogeniture, XVIII. 533—right of,
not recognised by the French law of
succession, VII. 392.
Primula, culture of, XI. 684.
Primulacese, in botany, V. 52, n., 124.
Primum Mobile, XVIII. 534.
Prince, XVIII. 534.
Prince’s Metal, XVIII. 534.
Prince of Wales’s Island, XVHI. 534.
Prince’s Isle, XVIII. 535.
Prince Edward Island, XII. 590—Lord
Selkirk’s colony on, VIII. 690, 691.
Prince William’s Islands, XVIII. 535.
Prince William Henry’s Island, in
the Pacific Ocean, XVIII. 535.
Princess Royal’s Harbour, in New
.. Holland, XVIII. 535.
Princeton, in New Jersey, XII. 543.
PRI—PRO
Principal, XVIII. 535—Point, Ray.ib.
Principle, XVIII. 536.
Pringle (Sir John), XVIII. 536—letter
of, to Forbes of Culloden, about Alex.
Cunningham’s papers, VII. 547—on
antiseptics, XVIII. 743.
Prinkipo, island, XVIII. 536.
Priusep (Mr), on the pyrometer, XVIII.
750, 753.
Printing, XVIII. 537—invention of,
IV. 622—opportuneness and effects
of invention of, 625; I. 17; XIII.
294—books before the invention of,
IV. 622—early, 624—for the blind,
697 —in colours, V. 87—Bramah’s
project of printing by a roller, 182-
correction of proofs, VII. 376—print¬
ing in Egypt, VIII. 529—in Turkey,
XXI. 426—its history in Glasgow, X.
551—works on the origin and progress
of, in Earl Spencer’s library, XIII.
300— printing-ink, XII. 280—Italic
character, XIV. 237—printing of por¬
celain, XVIII. 436—printing-presses
and machines, 570. See Calico-print¬
ing, Bibliography, Copperplates, Li-
tliography,Wood-engraving, Logogra-
phy, Type-founding.
Prints, XVIII. 573.
Priodon, fish, XII. 190.
Priodontes, in zoology, XIV. 143.
Prionii, insects, IX. 177.
Prionites, birds, XVI. 592.
 , fishes, XII. 173.
Prionodon, in zoology, XIV. 118.
Prionops, bird, XVI. 568.
Prionus, insect, IX. 178.
Prior, XVIII. 573.
  (Matthew), XVIII. 573—pas¬
sage from his Alma as to the seat of
the soul, I. 69—poetry of, XVIII. 172.
 (John), his striking-mechanism
of clocks, VI. 781.
Priories (Alien), XVIII. 573.
Priscianus, grammarian, XVIII. 573.
Prism, in geometry, XVIII. 573; X. 460
—in mineralogy, XV. 114,120—men¬
suration of, XIV. 572—method of cut¬
ting it from crystal, XV. 18—refrac¬
tion through, XVI. 388—Nicol’s, 477
—perspective of, XVII. 279.
Prismatic spectrum. See Spectrum.
Prismoid, XVIII. 573
Prisons, XVIII. 574—in China, VI. 559
—Edinburgh, VIII 428 — London,
XIII. 528—New York,.XVI. 192-
diet of, VIII. 22—Richmond Peni¬
tentiary, &c., in Dublin, 240—How¬
ard on, XI. 713—state of, XIV. 512,
See Penitentiaries.
Pristigaster, fish, XII. 215.
Pristina, Turkish city, XVIII. 590.
Pristipoma, fish, XII. 176.
Pristis, fish, XII, 234.
Pritchard (Mr), his microscope, XV.
28—his diamond lens, 29 — his sap¬
phire lense- 30—on doublets, 36 —
his triplet, ib.—his microscope, 41—
on the oxyhydrogen microscope, 47.
Pritelwbll, in Essex, XVIII. 590.
Privas, in France, XVIII. 590.
Privateers, in war, XVIII. 590.
Privative, in grammar, XVIII. 590.
Privet, XVII. 786.
Privy Council, XVIII. 590.
Prize, XVIII. 590.
Prize-money, XVI. 62.
Probability, XVIII. 591—calculation
of, I. 223—history of the doctrine of,
XIII. 100, 102. See Chance, Combi¬
nations.
 , in rhetoric, XIX. 207.
Probate of a will; XVIII. 640.
Probation, XVIII. 640.
Probationer, XVIII. 640.
Problem, in logic, XVIII. 640; XIII.
445—in geometry, XVIII. 640; X.
433, 451—of the Three Bodies, ILL
749; IV. 57.
Probolingo, XVIII. 640,
Proboscidea, mammalia, XIV. 146.
Proboscidese, insects, IX. 258.
Proboscis of bees, IV. 519. See Trunk.
126
INDEX
PRO
Probus, reign of, XIX. 413—his visit to
Egypt, VIII. 476.
 JEmilius, XVI. 101.
PitOBT’s Island, XVIII. 640.
Procellaria, bird, XVI. 631.
Procerus, insect, IX. 130.
Peocess, XVIII. 640—in anatomy, ib.;
II. 742.
Procession, XVIII. 640.
Prochaska on injectible and noninject-
ible parts of the body, II. 731—on the
brain, 736—on the muscles, II. 738;
XVII. 608.
Proclamation, XVIII. 640.
Proclds, XVIII. 640; X. 427; XIV. 315.
Procnias, bird, XVI. 571.
Proconsul, XVIII. 640.
Procopius, XVIII. 640; VII. 278.
Procris, insect, IX. 244.
Proctor, XVIII. 640—proctors at Ox¬
ford, XXI. 496.
Procuration, XVIII. 640.
Procvon, in astronomy, XVIII. 640.
 , in zoology, XIV. 106.
Prodicus, sophist, XVIII. 640.
Product, XVIII. 640.
Productus, in conchology, XV. 344.
Proedri, XVIII. 640.
Professions, their influence on health,
XIV. 509.
Professors, XVIII. 640—declamation
of, VII. 663—at Paris, XXI. 487 ;
Bologna, 491 ; Oxford, 495.
Professorships at Oxford, XXI. 497 ;
Cambridge, 503 ; St Andrews, 511;
Glasgow, 514; Aberdeen, 516,518;
Edinburgh, 521; Dublin, 524.
Profile, XVIII. 640.
Profits of trade, VII. 167—of mercan¬
tile speculation, 168—effect of, on rate
of interest, XII. 320—advantage of
high, XVIII. 281—their rate the true
test of advantage of employments,
286—equality of, 288—vary inversely
as wages, 296—effect of fluctuation of
wages on, ib.—definition and theory
of, 299—taxes on, XXI. 102—lowered
by taxes on raw produce, 114.
Prognosis, in medicine, XIV. 520.
Programma, XVIII. 640.
Progression, XVIII. 640.
Projectiles, XVIII. 641—resistance of
the air to, 115.
Projection, XVIII. 656—construction
of maps by, X. 413—its nature illus¬
trated, XII. 606.
 of the Sphere, XVIII. 656.
 (Powder op), XVIII. 658.
Projecture, XVIII. 658.
Prolapsus, in surgery, XVIII. 658.
Prolate, in geometry, XVIII. 658.
Prolation, XVIII. 658.
Prolegomena, XVIII. 658.
Prolepsis, in rhetoric, XVIII. 658.
Proleptic diseases, XVIII. 658.
Prolixity of style, occasions when use¬
ful, VIII. 256.
Prologue, in poetry, XVIII. 658.
Promaucians, VI. 539.
Prome, XVIII. 658 ; V. 567.
Promerops, bird, XVI. 591.
Prometheus, XVIII. 658, 659.
Promise, XVIII.‘659—duty of perform¬
ance of, XV. 476.
Promissory note, IX. 456.
Promontory, in geography, XVIII.
659 ;X. 408.
Prompter, in theatres, XVIII. 659.
Promulgated, XVIII. 659.
Pronseus, insect, IX. 229,
Pronaos, XVIII. 659; III. 469.
Pronouns,.XVIII. 659; X. 648, 683—
relative, 686—Condillac on the pro¬
noun, VII. 205.
Pronunciation, in grammar, XVIII.
659; XVII. 683.
Prony (Baron de), on running water,
XU. 6—on logarithms, XIII. 420—
on mechanics, XIV. 355—his conden¬
ser of forces, 419—his formulae repre¬
senting law of relation between the
temperature and elasticity of steam,
XX. 594.
PRO
Proof, XVIII. 659.
Proof-houses, XI. 37.
Propagation of fruit, XI. 634—of ani¬
mals; see Generation, Reproduction.
Propago, a kind of bud, III. 89.
Propertius (Sextus Aurelius), XVIII.
659—poetry of, XVIII. 154.
Property, XVIII. 659 — necessity of
existence of, VIII. 400 — effects of
security of, XVIII. 274 —utility of
right of, 276—its effect on the pro¬
gress of population, XVIII. 414—
right of, 426.
 (Literary). See Copyright.
Property-tax, V. 521; XXI. 109—re¬
turns under the, VII. 167.
Prophecy, XVIII. 663—different ways
of fulfilment of, II. 89—evidence of
Christianity from, VI. 621—false, XX.
812-13.
Prophets, XVIII. 663—Druidical, VIII.
209—views of the Mahommedans re¬
specting, Xlv. 33.
Propitiation, XVIII. 663; XXL 226.
Propolis of bees, IV. 524.
Propontis, XVIII. 663.
Proportion, XVIII. 663—in algebra,
II. 438—in arithmetic, ib.; III. 551
—in geometry, II. 439 ; X. 441—pro¬
portions of figures, 444—problems re¬
specting, 453. See Progression.
 (Harmonioal), XVIII. 663.
 (Inordinate), XVIII. 663.
Proportional, XVIII. 663.
Proportionals, XVIII. 663.
Propositions, in logic, XVIII. 653—
affirmative and negative, XIII. 440—
universal and particular, 441—singu¬
lar, 442—absolute and conditional, ib.
—simple and compound, 443—copu¬
lative and disjunctive, ib.—self-evident
and demonstrable, ib. — universal,
XIV. 625.
 , in mathematics, XVIII. 663;
X. 433.
Proprefect, XVIII. 664.
Propretor, XVIII. 664.
Propriety, VII. 217.
Propylseum, III. 436, 469—propylcea in
ancient Athens, IV. 120.
Pro Rata, in commerce, XVIII. 664.
Prorogation, XVIII. 664.
Proscopia insect, IX. 192.
Prose, XVIII. 664.
Prosecutor (public) of criminals, in
Scotland, XIX. 759.
Proserpine, XVIII. 664.
Proseuche, XVIII. 664.
Proslambanomenos, XVIII. 664.
Prosody, XVIII. 664.
Prosopopceia, in oratory, XVIII. 664.
Prostate gland, XVII. 688—its struc¬
ture, II. 825.
Prostitutes, XI. 148—the London thea¬
tres infested by, VIII. 179—of ancient
Athens, XX. 437, 439.
Prostitution, XIV. 509—among the Ba-
zeegurs, IV. 469—in India, XL 401-
in Paris, XVII. 81—in London,
XVIII. 251—in Prance, 255—in an¬
cient times, 336.
Prostomis, insect, IX. 177.
Prostyle, XVIII. 664 ; III. 469.
Prosznitz, Austrian city, XVIII. 664.
Protagoras, XVIII. 664 ; XX. 448.
Protasis, XVIII. 665.
Proteaceae, in botany, V. 126.
Protection, in jurisprudence, XII. 636.
' Proteinus, insect, IX. 138.
Protestant Association, V. 412.
Protestants, XVIII. 665—French, X.
202—Russian, XIX. 581—their into¬
lerance towards the Catholics in the
reign of James I., V. 308—persecu¬
tion of, in Mary’s reign, VIII. 755—
origin of the name, XIX. 89—much
superstition among, XX. 812.
Proteus, Egyptian deity, VIII. 545 ; XI.
324.
 Anguinus, XIII. 340.
 , genus of animalcules, III. 187.
 , reptile, XIX. 161—structure of,
XVII. 715.
PRO—PSA
Prothonotary, XVIII. 665.
Proto, Greek prefix, XVIII. 665.
Pkotogenes, ancient Greek painter,
XVIII. 665; XVI. 702,704—his inter¬
course with Apelles, III. 281.
Prototype, XVIII. 665.
Protractor, XVIII. 665.
Prout’s arrangement of articles of food,
XVII. 625.
Proveditor, XVIII. 665.
Provencal language, XIV. 262—poetry,
XVIII. 157, 164.
Provence, in France, XVIII. 665.
Provender, XVIII. 665. See Food.
Proverb, XVIII. 665.
Proverbs (Book of), in the Old Testa¬
ment, XVIII. 665; II. 360.
Providence, XVIII. 655.
 , the capital town of Rhode
Island, XVIII. 668.
 , island, XVIII. 669.
 (New), island, XVIII. 669.
 (Old), island, XVIII. 669.
Providential Channel, XVIII. 669.
Province, in geography, XVIII. 669.
Provincial, XVIII. 669.
Provins, in France, XVIII. 669.
Provisions, preservation of, IX. 727—
consumption of, in London, XIII. 505
Irish provision-trade, XII. 405. See
Cookery, Dietetics, Food.
Provost, XVIII. 669—Grand, ib.—of
the Mint, ib.
Provost-Marshal, XVIII. 669.
Prow of a ship, XVIII. 669.
Proximity, XVIII. 669.
Prudence, XVIII. 669 ; XV. 465—Aris¬
totle on, III. 523.
Prudentius, poet, XVIII. 669.
Prudhom, painter, XVI. 723.
Prunelle (Monsieur), on the practice of
physic, XIV. 529.
Pruning, in gardening, XVIII. 669.
Prusias, XVII. 229.
Prussia, XVIII. 670—Royal Academy
of Sciences, II. 70—army, III. 605—
wars with Austria, IV. 220—policy of
Austria towards, 238—coast of, 329—
botanists of, V. 81—invasion of Hol¬
land in 1787, 447—invasion of France
in 1792,465—subsidized by Britain in
1794, 474 — cotton-manufacture of,
VII. 420—statistics of, IX. 416—Na¬
poleon’s war with, X. 141—French
trade with, 190—language of, XIII.
89—legislation in, 192—variation of
the needle in, 733—coins of, XV. 408,
411—births and deaths in, 536—po¬
lice of, XVIII. 256—increase of popu¬
lation in, 411—penal code, 737—re¬
gistration of births, &e., XIX. 104—
religion, 315—silk-manufacture, XX.
343—weights and measures, XXI.
855—voluntary starvation of a Prus¬
sian recruit, VIII. 23—map of Prussia;
XVIII. PI. 418.
Prussic or hydrocyanic acid, VI. 433—
poisonous quality of, XIV. 505 ;
XVIII. 177.
Pruym, Prussian city, XVIII. 701.
Prynne (William), XVIII. 701 ; V. 315
—prosecution of, IV. 629—Hume’s
injustice to, ib.
Prytanes, Greek presidents, XVIII.
7 01—of Athens, IV. 167.
Przrmysl, XVIII. 701.
Psalm, XVIII. 701—Joel Barlow’s ver¬
sion of the Psalms, IV. 381.
Psalmanazar (George), XVIII. 701.
Psalmist, XVIII. 702.
Psalmody, XVIII. 702.
Psalter, XVIII. 702.
Psalterium, XVIII. 702.
Psammeticus, XVIII. 702 ; VIII. 467.
Psammenitus, a king of ancient Egypt,
VIII. 468.
Psammodius, insect, IX. 154.
Psammoecus, insect, IX. 181.
Psammophis, serpent, XX. 140.
Psaris, bird, XVI. 568.
Psarus, insect, IX. 272.
Psatyrians, an ancient sect of Arians,
XVIII. 702.
PSE—PUB
Pselaphii, insects, IX. 187.
Pselaphus, insect, IX. 187.
Psellus (Michael), of Constantinople,
XVIII. 702—on demons, HI. 295, n.
Psen, insect, IX. 230.
Psenes, fish, XII. 186.
Psettus, fish, XII. 179.
Pseudo, Greek prefix, XVIII. 702.
Pseudobdella, worm, XI. 226.
Pseudo-bombyces, insects, IX. 248.
Pseudo-dipteral, a term in architecture,
III. 469.
Pseudonymous, XVIII. 702.
 Books, IV. 627.
Pseudo-peripteral, III. 469.
Pseudo-prostyle, III. 469.
Pseudopus, serpent, XX. 122.
Psila, insect, IX. 286.
Psillomellane, a mineral, XV. 163.
Psilopus, insect, IX. 277.
Psilota, insect, IX. 274.
Psittacara, bird, XVI. 600.
Psittaculus, bird, XVI. 603.
Psittacus, bird, XVI. 600, 603.
Psoa, insect, IX. 176.
Psochus, insect, IX. 214.
Psophia, bird, XVI. 618.
Psyche, IX. 88.
Psychoda, insect, IX. 260.
Psychology, XIV. 599.
Psychrometer, XVII. 533.
Psylla, insect, IX. 204.
Psylli, XVIII. 703 ; XX. 127.
Psyra, island, X. 749.
Ptarmigan, bird, XVI. 611.
Ptarmigan-shooting, XX. 317.
Pteraclis, fish, XII. 187.
Pterocera, mollusca, XV. 347.
Pterochile, insect, IX. 231.
Pterocles, bird, XVI. 611.
Pterodactylus, bones of, III. 15.
Pteroglossus, bird, XVI. 599.
Pterois, fish, XII. 174.
Pteromys, in zoology, XIV. 130.
Pteropliorites, insects, IX. 253.
Pterophorus, insect, IX. 253.
Pteropoda, mollusca, XV. 354.
Pteropus, in zoology, XIV. 99.
Ptilinus, insect, IX. 145.
Ptiniores, insects, IX. 145.
Ptinus, insect, IX. 145.
Ptolemais, XVIII. 703. See Acre.
Ptolemy, hieroglyphical characters of,
XL 325.
 (Ceraunus), XVIII. 703.
 (Claudius), ancient astronomer,
XVIII. 703 — his improvements in
arithmetic, I. 587—his astronomical
tables corrected by order of Alphonso
III., II. 557—his astronomy, I. 482-3;
III. 732; IV. 15, 41—its overthrow,
III. 737—Arabian translation of his
works, 734—on refraction, 762—on
climates, VI. 744—on geography, X.
394,426—his account of Ireland, XII.
349—on optics, XVI. 348 ; I. 504.
  I., Soter or Lagus, king of
Egypt, XVIII. 703; XIII. 641, et seq.
—reign of, VIII 470.
 II., Philadelphus, XVIII. 703
—reign of, VIII. 470—the study of
anatomy encouraged by, II. 688. See
' Septuagint.
 III., Euergetes, VIII. 470.
 IV., Philopater, VIII. 471.
 V., Epiphanes, VIII. 471.
 VI., Phik>meter,.VIII. 472.
-— VII., Lathyrus, VIII.'473.
— VIII., Alexander II., VIII. 474.
 IX., Auletes, VIII.'474.
 X., Dionysius, VIII. 475.
 Physcon, VIII. 47 2—his cruelties
at Alexandria, II. 410.
Ptyalism, in medicine, XVIII. 703.
Ptychoptera, insects, IX. 261.
Ptyodactyli, reptiles, XIX. 147.
Puberty, XVIII. 703 ; XIV. 206 ;
XVII. 689-90.
Pubis (os), II. 767.
Publishing of books, VII. 315.
Publius Syrus, an ancient writer of
farces, XVIII. 703.
1 Pubna, Hindu town, XVIII. 703.
INDEX,
127
PUC—PUN
Puce-colour, dyeing of, VIII. 337.
Pochmaky, Hindu town, XVIII. 703.
PucKHOLi, Hindu town, XVIII. 703.
Pucooloe, Hindu town, XVIII. 703.
PtJDDAit, Hindu river, XVIII. 703.
Pcdsey, in Yorkshire, XVIII. 703.
PontJCOTTA, Hindu town, XVIII. 703.
Puebla (La), Mexican state, XIV. 815.
Puegos, island, XVIII. 703.
Puerto la Mar, IV. 751.
P fTERTo-REAL, Spanish city, XVIII. 703.
Puff-bird, XVI. 599.
Puffendorf (Samuel de), jurist and his¬
torian, XVIII. 703; I. 88.
Puffin, bird, XVI. 630.
PufRnus, bird, XVI. 632. *
Pugatschef, VI. 245.
Pugin’s Specimens of Pointed Architec¬
ture, III. 431.
Pugnet on the plague, XVII. 77Z,etseq.
Pegniatan, VIII. 700.
Puharrees, XI. 39S.
Puiseaux, blind man of, IV. 701.
Pul, III. 717.
Pularim, island, XVIII. 704.
Pulaski, in Tennessee, XXI. 183.
Pulawy, Polish city, XVIII. 704.
Pulci (Luigi), VIII. £74—poetry of,
X;VIII. 159.
Pulein (Robert), XXI. 492.
Pulex, insect, IX. 294.
Pulley, XIV. 365, 430.
Pullicat, Hindu city, XVIII. 704.
Pullicat handkerchiefs, manufacture of,
VII. 408.
Pulmary, Hindu town, XVIII. 704.
Pulmonifera, mollusca, XV. 356.
Pulo, XVIII. 704—Pulo Akat, &c. &c.,
ib.—Pulo Penang, XVIII. 534—Pulo
Pisang, IV. 340—PuloWay,ib.—Pulo
Rondo, ib.
Pulpit, XVIII. 705—declamation of
the, VII. 663.
Pulpitum, XVIII. 705.
Pulse, in physiology, XVIII. 705 —
effects of electricity on the, VIII. 639
—of the horse, XXI. 613, n. 5.
Pulse-glass, XX. 576.
Pultawa, in Russia, XVIII. 706 —
battle of, XIX, 545.
Pulteney (William), XVIII. 706.
 (Sir William), XXL 171.
Pultneytown, V. 781; XXI. 878.
Pulverization, XVIII. 706.
Pulvinated, in architecture, III. 470.
Pulvinuli, in botany, V. 57.
Puma, XIV. 122 ; VI, 525 ; XVII. 552.
Pumice-stone, in mineralogy, XV. 157
—specific gravity of, XII. 34
Pumice-Stone River, XVIII. 706.
Pumiced foot, XXI. 619.
Pump, XVIII. 707, 71, 96; XII. 96—
Galileo’s observations on, IV..385—
Bramah’s, V. 182—for collieries, VII.
82—Galileo’s explanation of, XVII.
444. See Air-pump.
Pump-araiometer, III. 372.
Pun, XVIII. 728.
Punch, XVIII. 728.
  , in the drama,origin of, VIII. 158.
Puncheon, XVIII. 729.
Punctuation, XVIII. 729. See Com¬
ma, Semicolon, &c.
Punctum Saliens, XVIII. 730.
  Stans, XVIII. 730.
Punda, Hindu town, XVIII. 730.
PuNdebpoor, XVIII. 730.
Punduah, Hindu town, XVIII. 730.
Punganoor, Hindu town, XVIII. 730.
Punic wars, VI. 189, et seq. ,• XI. 476—
first, XIX. 385—second, 386—third,
388.
Punishment, XVIII. 731; XII. 640;
XIV. 512—Beccaria on, IV. 503 —
of heresy, VII. 447—Blackstone on,
XIII. 132, 170—in the Mosaic law,
XV. 566 — capital punishments in
England and Wales, VIII. 803. See
Crime, Prisons.
Punjab, XVIII. 739; XIII. 19.
Puno, in Peru, XVIII. 739.
Punt, IV. 722.
Punt-shooting, XX. 308.
r
PUN—PYR
Punugga, XVIII. 740.
Pupa, in eonchology, XV. 347.
 — of insects, IX. 87.
Pupacea, in conchology, XV. 347.
Pupada;, in conchology, XV. 358.
Pupil of the eye, XVII. 667—its con¬
tractions, II. 799—in various animals,
III. 24.
Pupivora, insects, IX. 218.
Purbach (George), astronomical labours
of, I. 484; HI. 736—his division of
the radius, 538—mathematical la¬
bours of, X. 429.
Purbeck quarries, VIII. 120.
Purcell (Henry), XVIII. 740.
Purchas (Samuel), XVIII. 740.
Purdhaunger, XVIII. 740.
Purdie’s Isles, XVIII. 740.
Pureg, Persian village, XVIII. 740.
Purfleet powder-magazine, VI. 261.
Purflew, in heraldry, XVIII. 740.
Purgation, XVIII. 740.
Purgatives for domestic animals, XXI.
614—gum-resins, VI. 491.
Purgatory, XVIII. 740.
Purification, XVIII. 741—a Mahom-
medan rite, XIV. 37.
Purim, Jewish festival, XVIII. 741.
Puritans, XVIII. 741 ; XII. 260—under
James I., V. 303—their hostility to
the stage, VIII. 170.
Purkinje on the effect of galvanism on
the eye, XXL 681.
Purlins, in building, XVIII. 741—best
manner of framing, VI. 162.
Purmann, German surgeon, XX. 829.
Purneah, in Bengal, XVIII. 741.
Purple, in crayon-painting, VII. 453—
Tyrian, VIII. 295, 296—dyeing of, 335,
Purpura, in conchology, XV. 347.
Purpure, in heraldry, XVIII. 741; XI,
244.
Purpurea, XV. 374.
Purpuric acid, VI. 431.
Purrah, Hindu town, XVIII. 742.
Purre, bird, XVI. 623.
Purser (ship’s), XVIII. 742; XVI. 53.
Purslane, XI. 675.
Pursuits, in war, XXI. 753.
Purulent, in medicine, XVIII. 742.
Purveyance, levying of, II. 253.
Purview, XVIII. 742.
Pus, in medicine, XVIII. 742; XVII. 127,
Pustule, XVIII. 742,
Putamen, in botany, V. 47.
Puteoli, Italian town, XVIII. 742.
Putiwl, Russian city, XVIII. 742.
Putney, in Surrey, XVIII. 742.
Putrefaction, XVIII. 742—substances
which resist, III. 268; IX. 732, et seq.
—influence of electricity on, VIII, 633.
Puttan Somnant, XVIII. 744.
Putty, XVIII. 744; V. 694; X. 574.
Puy (Le), in France, XVIII. 744.
Puy de Dome, in France, XVIII. 714,
Puzzolana, XIV. 289.
 Terra, XVIII. 744.
Pwllheli, V. 772.
Pyanepsia, festival, XVIII. 744.
Pycnite, specific gravity of, XII. 34.
Pycnogonum, arachnides. III. 366.
Pycnostyle, XVIII. 745 ; III. 470.
Pydna, battle of, XIX. 388.
Pygargus, African animal, II. 228.
Pygmalion, XVIII. 745.
Pygmy, XVIII. 745.
Pykar, XVIII. 745.
Pyke, XVIII. 745.
Pylades, XVIII. 745 ; VII. 614.
Pyloric appendages, in fishes, III. 38.
Pylorus, XVII. 630.
Pylos XVIII. 745 ; IV. 157.
Pylstart, island, XVIII. 745.
Pynson (Richard) printer, XVIII. 553.
Pyralis, insect, IX. 250.
Pyrallolite, specific gravity of, XII. 34.
Pyramid, in geometry, XVIII. 745; X.
460—how to develope, XII. 608—men¬
suration of, XIV. 572—perspective
of, XVII. 278, etseq.—in mineralogy,
XV. 115, etseq.
Pyramids of Egypt, XVIII. 745; III.
410, 431; VIII. 547, 558—attempt
PYR—QUA
to pull them down, II. 21—battle of
the, VIII. 489.
Pyramids, Mexican, XIV. 810.
Pyramidal bodies of the brain, II. 810.
Pyramidella, in conchology, XV. 347.
Pyramidoid, XVIII. 746.
Pyranga, bird, XVI. 571.
Pyrenaite, in mineralogy, XV. 159.
Pyrenees (Eastern), XVIII. 746.
 (Upper), XVIII. 746.
 — (Lower), XVIII. 746.
 , mountains, XVIII. 746; III.
373 ; IX. 406; XX. 514—height of
the, XVII. 506.
Pyrgita, bird, XVI. 580.
Pyrgos, aqueduct of, III. 318.
Pyrites, in mineralogy, XVIII. 747 ;
XV. 166—in Devonshire, VII. 746-
specific gravity of, XII. 34.
Pyrmont, German city, XVIII. 747.
Pyro-acetic spirit, VI. 438.
Pyrochlore, in mineralogy, XV. 160—
specific gravity of. XII. 34.
Pyrochroa, insect, IX. 167.
Pyrochroides, insects, IX- 167-
Pyrocitric acid, VI. 429.
Pyro-electricity, VIII. 595.
Pyrokinic acid, VI. 430.
Pyrolignic acid, its power of preserving
animal food, IX. 734.
Pyrolusite, in mineralogy, XV. 164.
Pyromalic acid, VI. 429.
Pyromancy, XVIII. 747; VIII. 58
Pyrometer, XVIII. 747—invention of,
I. 646.
Pyromucic acid, VI. 429.
Pyrope, XV. 159—sp. gr. of, XII. 34.
Pyrophorus, XVIII. 756.
Pyrophosphoric acid, VI. 380.
Pyrophysalite, sp. gr. of, XII. 34.
Pyrorthite, specific gravity of, XII. 34.
Pyi’oscope, VI. 760; I. 653.
Pyrosoma, mollusca, XV. 371.
Pyrotartaric acid, VI. 428.
Pyrotechny, XVIII. 756.
Pyrotics, in medicine, XVIII. 758.
Pyroxilic spirit, VI. 438.
Pyrrhic dance, VII. 614.
Pyrrhica, XVIII. 758.
Pyrrhichius, in poetry, XVIII. 758..
Pyrrho, XVIII. 758. See Sceptics.
Pyrrhocorax, bird, XVI. 574.
Pyrrhonic sect of ancient philosophers,
XVII. 431. See Sceptics.
Pyrrhula, bird, XVI. 581.
Pyrrhus, king of Epirus, IX. 312—his
war with the Romans, XIX. 383.
Pyrula, in conchology, XV. 346.
Pyruric acid, VI. 430.
Pyrus, species of trees, XVII. 788.
Pythagoras, XVIII. 759 ; X. 422 ;
XX. 821—philosophy of, III. 495—
on the mystical properties of num¬
bers, 535—astronomy of, 728—absti¬
nence from beans enjoined by, IV.
471—many of his notions derived
from India, V. 180—his residence at
Crotona, VII. 482—resemblance be¬
tween his philosophy and that of the
Druids, VIII. 205—his mathematical
discoveries, XIV. 314 ; XVII. 430—
on vision, XVI. 348—school of, XVII.
724 ; XVIII. 14, 16.
Pythagoreans, XVIII. 761—supersti¬
tious notions held by, XIII. 680.
Pytheas, ancient navigator, XVIII. 761
—on astronomy, III. 729—his voy¬
ages, ib.; X. 390; XL 201.
Pythia, XVIII. 761 ; VII. 689.
Pythian Games, XVIII. 761.
Pythias, VII. 609.
Pytho, insect, IX. 166.
Python, fabled serpent, XVIII. 761—
its destruction by Apollo, III. 287,
 , in zoology, XX. 145.
Pyxidium, in botany, V. 49.
Q
Q, letter of the alphabet, XVIII. 762.
Quabenus, burning-mirrors of, V. 735.
QUA—QUE
Quacha, or Quagga, II. 227 ; XIV. 153.
Quackery, XVII. 495—means of sup¬
pressing, XIV. 527.
Quadi, XVIII. 762 ; VII. 275—marvel¬
lous story of a Roman victory over
the, HI. 271.
Quadragesima, XVIII. 762.
Quadrangle, XVIII. 762.
Quadrans. XVIII. 762.
Quadrant. XVIII. 762 ; X. 438—mu¬
ral, IV. 106—Hadley’s, I. 632 ; XV.
774.
Quadrantal. XVIII. 762.
Quadrat, XVIII. 762.
Quadratic Equations, XVIII. 762
II. 448.
Quadratrix, XVIII. 762.
Quadrature, XVIII. 7 6 2—of the Circle,
XX. 552.
Quadrel, XVIII. 762.
Quadriga, XVIII. 762.
Quadrilatera, Crustacea, VII. 501;
Quadrilateral, XVIII. 763—quadri¬
lateral bone in birds. III. 12.
Quadrille, XVIII. 763.
Quadrimani, insects, IX. 122.
Quadripartition, XVIII. 764.
Quadrumana, in zoology, XIV. 8 8; XVH.
703—their bones, III. 2, et seq.—
muscles, 18—teeth, 32, 33—stomach,
35.
Quadrupeds, in zoology, XVIII. 764—
characteristics of, II. 707.
Quadruple, XVIII. 764.
—— Alliance, V. 376.
Quaestor, XVIII. 791.
Quagga, or Quacha, XIV. 153 ; II. 227.
Quail, XVI. 611.
Quakers, XVIII. 765—their affirma¬
tion equal in law to an oath, II. 210—
their address to James IL, V. 355—
their opposition to the slave-trade and
slavery, 448 ; XX. 384, 387, See
Barclay (Robert), Fox (Geo.), Penn
(William).
Quality, XVIII. 773.
Qualities of matter, XIV. 646.
Qualla Moorba, XVIII. 774.
Qualoen, island, XIII. 112.
Quang-Ping, XVIII. 774.
Quangsee, in China, XVIII. 774.
Quangtong, XVIII. 774, 775.
Quans of Finmark, XIII. 107, 112.
Quantity, XVIII. 775—the idea of
quantities infinitely great and small
first introduced into geometry by Kep¬
ler, I. 438.
 , in grammar, XVIII. 780.
Quarantine, XVIII. 780—quarantine-
establishments,XIV. 512—quarantine-
laws, XVII. 774, 776.
Quare’s repeating-watch, VI. 795.
Quarles (Francis), XVIII. 780—cha¬
racter of his poetry, 170.
Quarnaro Islands, XVIII. 781.
Quarry, XVIII. 781. See Blasting.
Quarrymen, diseases of, XIV. 510,
Quart, measure, XVIII. 781.
Quartan, XVIII. 781.
Quartation, XVIII. 781.
Quarter, XVIII. 781.
Quarterly Review, X. 517.
Quarter-Master, XVIII. 781.
Quarter-Master-General, XYIII
781 ; III. 618.
Quarter-Sessions, XVIII. 781.
Quarters, XVIII. 781—Head—In¬
trenched—Winter, ib.
Quartering, in heraldry, XVIII. 782.
Quatetto, or Quartet, XVIII. 781.
Quartile, XVIII. 782.
Quartine, III. 101.
Quarto-Decimans, XVIII. 782.
Quartu, XVIII. 782.
Quartz, XV. 156, 190—specific gravity
of, XII. 34—optical phenomenon of,
XVI. 428.
Quatre-Bras, XVIII. 782—battle of,
V. 540 ; XVI, 128.
Quatre-foil, III. 470.
Quatuorvir, XVIII. 782.
Quaver, in music, XVIII. 782.
Quebec XVIII. 782—climate of, IL
128
INDEX,
QUE—QUI
613—taken by General Wolfe, Y. 385;
VI» 69 j XXI. 913.
Queckni, Burmese town, XVIII. 784.
Queda, XVIII. 784.
Quedlinbcrg, XVIII. 785.
Queen, XVIII. 785.
Queen Chahlotte’s Island, in the
Pacific Ocean, XVIII. 785.
Queen Chablotte’s Islands, XVIII.
785 ; IV. 213; X. 262.
Queen Charlotte’s Sound, in New
Zealand, XVIII. 785.
Queen’s County, XVIII. 785.
Queenborough, XVIII. 787.
Queensferry, XVIII. 787 ; IX. 767.
Queiling, Chinese city, XVIII. 788.
Qurlpaekt, island, XVIII. 788.
Quentin (St), in France, XVIII. 788—
cotton-manufacture of, VII. 417—
canal of, XVI. 7.
Quercitanus, VI. 347.
Quercitrin, VIII. 320.
Quercitron-bark, yellow dye-stuff, VIII.
320—colouring-matter of, VI. 485.
Queretaro, Mexican state, XIV. 814.
Querquedula, bird. XVI. 639.
Querula, bird, XVI. 570.
Quesan Islands, XVIII. 788.
Qoesnay (Frangois), XVIII. 788 ; VIII.
399—on the vibrations of the nerves,
I. 171—on political economy, XVIII-.
268—Adam Smith’s high opinion of,
XX. 416—on the incidence of taxes,
XXI. 97.
Quesne (Fort du), V* 384.
   (Marquis du), his expedition
against Algiers, II. 508.
Questor, or Qusestor, ancient Roman
officer, XVIII. 791,
Quetelet (Mons.), on magnetism, XIII.
698, 753, 762—on the population of
the Netherlands, XV. 533, 547, 557—
on the statisticsof Belgium,XVI. 142.
Queue, in heraldry, XVIII. 791.
Quevedo de Villegas (Francisco),
XVIII. 791—poetry of, 163.
Quezal, bird, XVI. 599.
Quiberon, French town, XVIII. 791—
British expedition to, X. 97.
Quichua language, II. 628.
Quick or Quickset hedge, XVIII, 791.
Quicklime, XVIJI. 791.
Quick-match, XVIII. 791.
Quicksands, in collieries, VII. 81.
Quicksilver. See Mercury.
Quid Pro Quo, XVIII. 7*91.
Quiddity, XVIII. 791.
Quietists, XVIII. 791; XV. 323.
Quillajeae, in botany, V. 107.
Quillet (Claude), XVIII. 792.
Quillimane, African river, II. 232.
Quillota, XVIII. 792 ; VI. 539.
Quiloa, African kingdom, XVIII. 792.
Quimper, in France, XVIII. 793.
Quimperle, in France, XVIII. 793.
Quin (James), tragedian, XVIII. 793—
his friendship to Thomson, XXI. 249.
Quinarius, coin, XVIII. 793; XIV. 476.
Quinaut (Philip), XVIII. 793.
Quince, culture of, XI. 649.
Quince-trees, XVII. 789—specific gra¬
vity of wood of, XII. 34.
Quincunx, XVIII. 793—Order, ib.
Quindecagon, XVIII. 793.
Quindecemviri, XVIII. 793.
Quindiec, one of the Andes, III. 118,
119—pass of, II. 607.
Quinhone, harbour in Cochin-China,
XVIII. 793.
Quinin, VI. 463—salts of, 464.
Quinquagenarius, XVIII. 793.
Quinquagesima Sunday, XVIII. 793.
Quinquatria, XVIII. 793.
Quinquennalis, XVIII. 793.
Quinqueremis, XVIII. 793.
Quinqueviri, XVIII. 794.
Quinquina tree, Condamine’s work on
the, VII. 199.
Quintal, XVIII. 794.
Quintan, sport of, XVII. 113.
Quintessence, XVIII. 794.
QuiNTETTO,in music, XVIII. 794.
Quintile, in astronomy, XVIII. 794.
QUI—RAD
Quintilian (M. F. Q.), XVIII. 794—
Capperonnier’s edition of, V. 718—on
painting, XVI. 698.
Quintilians, heretics, XVIII. 795.
Quintin Matsys, XVIII. 796.
 (St.) See Quentin.
Quintine, III. 101.
Quintus Calaber, XVIII. 796.
Quippos, XVII. 293.
Quiria, in Asia, XVIII. 796.
Quirilia, river, XII. 254.
Quirinal Hill, XIX. 424, 427.
Quirinalia, Roman feast, XVIII. 796.
Quirites, XVIII. 796.
Quirk, XVIII. 796.
Quiroga (General), V. 661.
Quiros (Pedro Fernandez de), his voy¬
age of discovery, IV. 204—discoveries
of, 213; XVIII. 325.
Qu ito, South American republic, XVIII.
796; VII. 95—volcanos of, XVII. 514.
Quit-Rent, XVIII. 798.
Quittor, XXI. 618.
Quixote (Don), VI. 609 — Smollett’s
translation of, XX. 427. See Cer¬
vantes.
Quoin, in a ship, XVIII. 798.
Quoins, in architecture, XVIII. 798;
III. 470 ; V. 676.
Quorra or Niger, river. See Niger.
Quorum, XVIII. 798.
Quotidian, XVIII. 798.
Quotient, XVIII. 798.
R
R, letter of the alphabet, XIX. 1.
Raab, Hungarian city, XIX. /
Rabana, Indian drum, XIX. 1.
Rabastens, French city, XIX. 1.
Rabatt, in Morocco, XV. 506; XIX.
619.
Rabbets of the stem, &c., in ship-build¬
ing, XX. 279.
Rabbetting, in carpentry, XIX. 1.
Rabbinists, XIX. 1.
Rabbis, or Rabbin, XIX. 1.
Rabbit, XIV. 140—rearing and man¬
agement of rabbits, II. 340.
Rabbit-shooting, XX. 314.
Rabbit-skins, X. .266, 267.
Rabboth-Moab, ruins of, XVI. 746.
Rabelais (Dr Francis), French author,
XIX. 1—his resemblance to Aristo¬
phanes, VIII. 149.
Rabies, or canine madness, XXI. 633.
Rabirius, XIX. 4 ; VIII. 475.
Rabnabad, island, XIX. 4.
Rabogh, Arabian village, XIX. 5.
Raby Castle, VIII. 291.
Racca, in Asia, XIX. 5.
Race, XIX. 5.
Race-horse, XI. 567, 598—speed of,VII.
200—race-riding, XIX. 8; XI. 621—
race-courses, 624.
Raceme, in botany, V. 40.
Racemic acid, VI. 428.
Rachamach, bird, XVI. 560.
Rachis, in botany, V. 40.
Rachonpy, Hindu town, XIX. 5.
Rachore, Hindu town, XIX. 5.
Racine (John), XIX. 5—his friendship
with Boileau, IV. 7 38—dramatic works
of, VIII. 165.
Racing, XIX. 8 ; XI. 621.
Rack, instrument of torture, XIX. 8.
 (Edmund), XIX. 8.
Rackett (Mr), on the Lymington shrimp,
VII. 503.
Rackoke, island, XIX. 8.
Raconigih, Italian city, XIX. 8.
Racoon, in zoology, XIV. 106—struc¬
ture of, XVII. 704.
Radama, XIII. 669,
Radcliffe (Mrs Ann), XIX. 8 — ro¬
mances of, 342.
 (Dr John), XIX. 10—his ludi¬
crous method of emptying abscess in
the fauces, XX. 838, n.
Radcliffe Library, XVI, 685.
RAD—EAI
Radcliffe (Mr), his machine for dressing
cotton-cloth, VII. 409.
Kade, Prussian city, XIX. 10.
Radiares, zoophytes, XXI. 1013.
Radiata, IX. 94 ; II. 706—characteris¬
tics and classes of, III. 179.
Radiated Polypes, XXI. 1021.
Radiation of heat, XI. 182—of cold, 184
—instrument for observing the force
of solar, XXI. 241.
Radical. XIX. 10,
Radicle, XIX. 10; III. 74 ; V. 51.
Radiolites, molluscs, XV. 343.
Radish, evolution of the, HI. 80—cul¬
ture of the, XI. 670.
Radius, in astronomy, XIX. 11—in ge¬
ometry, ib.; X. 438.
 -, bone, in man, II. 787—in the
mammalia, III. 8—in reptiles, 15—
in birds, 13.
Radnor (New), Welsh town, XIX. 11.
Radnorshire, Welsh county, XIX. 11.
Raffaelle. See Raphael.
Raffles (Sir Thomas Stamford), IV. 438—
on the origin of the population of the
Indian Archipelago, III. 692—his im¬
provements at Bencoolen, IV. 562—
mission sent to Japan by, XII. 521—
his account of Java, 527, et seqr, of
Sumatra, XX. 801, et seq.—settlement
at Singapore established by, 366,
Raft, XIX. 12.
Rafters, in building, XIX. 12.
Rafu on the early discoveries in America
by the Norwegians, II. 636, note.
Rafur, Hindu town, XIX. 12.
Ragecs, Hungarian town, XIX. 12.
Ragman’s Roll, XIX. 12.
Ragnit, Prussian town, XIX. 12.
Ragoba, XI. 422.
Ragotski, his alliance with Sweden,
XXI. 20—defeated and killed by the
Turks, 21.
Rags, bleaching of, IV. 691—paper made
from, XVII. 10.
Ragstone, XIX. 12.
Raguled, in heraldry, XIX. 12.
Ragusa, XIX. 12.
Rahabek, Arabian village, XIX. 12.
Rahaly, Arabian town, XIX. 12.
Rahafa, island, XIX. 12.
Rahat, Hindu town, XIX. 12.
Rahdunpoor, XIX. 12.
Rahoon, Hindu town, XIX. 12.
Raia, fish, XII. 234.
 1— Torpedo. See Torpedo.
Raiatea, island, XVIII. 324.
Raie, Turkish town, XIX. 12.
Raikes (Robert), the originator of Sun¬
day-schools, XXI. 529.
Raillery, XIX. 12.
Rails, in joinery, V. 688-9 ; XII. 615.
Railways, XIX. 13—in Ayrshire, IV.
260—Dundee and Newtyle, VIII. 281
—French, X. 173—Scotch, XIX, 751-
in the United States, XXI. 472—from
Vienna, 645—in Warwickshire, 782
—projected, in Tipperary, 315—via¬
ducts of. III. 323 ; XXI. 638—for col¬
lieries, VII. 81—conveyance of mails
by, XVIII. 488. See Tunnel.
Rain, XIX. 59—falls most abundantly
on elevated land, II. 610—showers of
mud in Buenos Ayres, V. 642—rare
in Egypt, VIII. 515—why prognosti¬
cated by fall of barometer, XII. 132
—in different climates, XIV. 511—
theory of, 748 ; XVII. 535—quan¬
tity of, 536—velocity of drops, XIV.
749—preternatural, XIX. 59—rainy
season in Afghanistan, II. 212.
Rain-guage, XIV. 742 ; XVII. 535.
Rainbow, XIII. 329 ; XIV. 749 ; XVI.
352, 353, 509; XVII. 542—method
by which its nature was ascertained,
I. 472—speculations of Marolycus
respecting it, 509—discovery of An¬
tonio de Dominis, ib.—colours of, VI.
634—colours of supernumerary, 637
—lunar, XIX. 60.
Raiseen, in Hindustan, XIX. 61.
Raisen (Market), XIX. 61.
Raisins, XIX, 61.
EAJ—RAM
Rajah, Indian title, XIX. 61.
Rajah Choiians, XIX. 61.
Rajabary, XIX. 61.
Rajahnagur, XIX. 61.
Rajamundkoog, XIX. 61.
Rajamundry, XIX. 61, 62.
Rajeghur, Hindu town, XIX. 62.
Rajemal, in Bengal, XIX. 62.
Rajooraii, Hindu town, XIX. 63.
Rajpoor, Hindu town, XIX. 63.
Rajpootana, II. 365.
Rajpoots, XI. 396 ; IV. 608.
Rakan, river, XIX. 63.
Rake, agricultural implement, XIX. 63
—horse-rake, II. 208,
 of a ship, XIX. 63.
Raking mouldings, XII. 610.
Rakonitz, XIX. 63.
Ralahine, co-operative establishment at,
VI. 726.
Raleigh (Sir AValter), XIX. 63; IV.
262; VIII. 758; XI. 235; XX. 533
—execution of, V. 305—fond of chess,
VI. 519—Hume’s injustice to, XI.
499—an aphorism of, XX. 208—his
works on shipping quoted, 223.
Railing, Swedish senator, XXI. 26.
Rallus, bird, XVI. 627.
Ralph (James), XIX. 64.
Ram, best form of a, II. 328—breeding
and letting of, 332.
Ram Island, III. 274.
Rama, XIX. 64, 197; XVI. 741.
Ramage (Mr), of Aberdeen, on the atmo¬
sphere of the moon, IV. 5, 6.
Ramagiry, Indian town, XIX. 64.
Ramazzini (Bernardin/, XIX. 64.
Rambert (St), French town, XIX. 64.
RambErVillers, XIX. 64.
RambouillEt, XIX. 64.
Rahdroog, XIX. 64.
Rameau’s theory of harmony, XI. 151;
XV. 605.
Ramergh, Hindu town, XIX. 64.
Rameses, XIX. 64. See Sesostris.
Ramgerry, Indian town, XIX. 65.
Ramguaut, Hindu town, XIX. 65.
Ramgonga, Hindu river, XX. 65.
Ramgunge, Hindu town, XIX. 65.
Ramgur, in Hindustan, XIX. 65.
Ramgurry, Hindu fort, XIX. 65.
Ramillies, in Brabant, XIX. 65.
Ramiro the Second, XX. 495.
Ramkewra, XIX. 65.
Ramleah, mountains, XIX. 65.
Rammisser, Hindu town, XIX. 65.
Rammisseram Isle, XIX. 65.
Ramnad, Hindu town, XIX. 65.
Ramnagur, Hindu town, XIX. 65.
Ramnode, Hindu town, XIX. 65.
Ramor (Lough), VI. 255.
Rampant, in heraldry, XIX. 65.
Rampart, XIX. 65 ;*IX. 773.
Ramphastos, bird, XVI. 599.
Ramphoceles, birds, XVI. 571.
Rampion, culture of, XI. 674.
Rampoor, in Hindustan, XIX. 65.
Rampoora, Hindu town, XIX. 66.
Ramsay (Allan), XIX. 66—his manner
of editing old poetry, VII. 602—his
Monk and the Miller’s Wife, VIIL
274—poetry of, XVIII. 172.
 (Andrew Michael), XIX. 66.
 (James), XIX. 66.
Ramsbury, in Wilts, XIX. 67.
Rumsden, the quadrant and sextant
simplified by, I. 633—his optical in¬
struments, III. 748—his balance, IV.
305—optigraph, VI. 38—micrometers,
XV. 15, 16—pyrometer, XVIII. 747
—field-glass of telescopes, XXI. 166,
169—new theodolite, 354 — zenith
sector, 308—standard scale, 361.
Ramsden’s (Sir John), Canal, XVI. 17-
Ramsey, in Huntingdon, XIX. 67.
 , town in the Isle of Man, XIX.
67; XIV. 209.
 , Welsh island, XIX. 68.
Ramsgate, town in Kent, XIX, 68—
foundation of its pier laid by means
of a diving-bell, VIII. 69—scouring of
its harbour, 194.
Ramtrut, Hindu deity, XIX. 68,
INDEX,
129
HAM—RAT
Ramps (Peter), XIX. 68; I. 30.
Ran, XIX. 08.
Rana, reptile, XIX. 153—bones of, IIJ.
13, et seq.—ears, 20—tongue, 27,
Ranai, Sandwich island, XIX. 68.
Ranatra, insect, IX. 199.
Randazzo, XIX. 08.
Randeks, Danish city, XIX. 68.
Randier, Hindu town, XIX. 68.
Randolph (Thomas), XIX. 68.
 r, regent of Scotland, XIX. 710.
Random Shot, XIX. 69.
Rangalore, in Hindustan, XIX. 69.
Rangamutty, XIX. 69.
Range, in gunnery, XIX. 69.
Ranger of a forest, XIX. 69.'
Rangoon, XIX. 69 ; IV. 247 ; V, 567.
Raniceps, fish, XII. 219,
Ranidae, reptiles, XIX. 152.
Rank, XIX. 70—relations of, among
animals, III. 174—in China, VI. 578,
586—inequality of, necessary, VIII.
400 ; XX. 381—distinction of, XVI.
235. See Caste.
■ and precedence in the army and
navy, XIX. 70.
Ranks and Files, XIX. 70.
Rannoch (Loch), XVII. 289.
Ranny Bednorr, XIX. 70.
Rannypoor, Hindu town, XIX. 70,
Rans des Vaciies, XIX. 70.
Ransom, XIX. 71.
Rantampore, XIX. 71.
Ranters, XVIII. 765.
Ranunculaeeae, in botany, V. 94.
Ranunculatse, some kinds of, poisonous,
XIV. 506.
Ranunculus, culture of, XI. 682.
Ranzani on birds, XVI. 551, 620.
Rape, crime, XIX. 71; XIV. 496.
 , culture of, II. 290.
Rape-cake, a manure, II. 305.
Raper (Capt.), on the Himalaya Moun¬
tains, XI. 375.
Raphael d’Urbino, XIX. 71 ; XVI.
704, n. 2 ; 709, 714—his style of ar¬
chitecture, III. 426; of painting, 646-7,
657—cartoons of, VI. 207—genius of,
VIII. 181—specimen of sketches by,
VIII. PI. 199.
Raphaim, or Rephaim, XIX. 72,
Raphanidosis, XIX. 72.
Raphe, in botany, V. 46.
Raphidia, insect, IX. 213.
Raphoe, VIII. 111.
Rapids of rivers, XVII. 525.
Rapier, kind of sword, XIX. 72.
Rapin (RGne), French writer and Jesuit,
XIX. 72.
Rapin de THOYRAs(Paul de), historian,
XIX. 72.
Raponus on inscriptions, XII. 292.
Rapperschweil, XIX. 72.
Rappolstein, XIX. 72.
Raptores, birds, XVI. 557,
Raree, Hindu town, XIX. 72.
Rarefaction, XIX. 72.
Rasay, island, XIX. 72.
Ras el Khyma, XIX. 72.
Rask (Erasmus), XIX. 72; VII. 731.
Rasores, birds, XVI. 604.
Raspberry, culture of, XI. 651.
Rasse, XIV. 118.
Rastadt, German city, XIX. 74—ne-
gociation at, in 1798, V. 484.
Rastall (John), XIX. 74.
Rastrick, in Yorkshire, XIX. 74.
Rat, XIV. 133—structure of, XVII.
705—sugar-canes in the West Indies
destroyed by, XX. 793—means of de¬
stroying rats, XXI. 599.
Rat Island, XIX. 74.
Ratafia, XIX. 74.
Ratch, in clock-work, XIX. 74.
Ratchets of a watch, XIX. 74.
Ratcliffe, treason of, V. 425.
Rateen.op Ratten, XIX. 75.
Ratel, XIV. 108.
Rates, in the navy, XIX. 74.
Rathbone (William), VII. 405, n., 554.
Rathenac, Prussian city, XIX. 75.
Rathlin Island, III. 274.
Ratio, XIX. 75; X. 442.
RAT—REA
Ratios of musical intervals. See Music,
Temperament.
Ration, XIX. 75.
Rationale, XIX. 75.
Ratisbon, XIX. 76; IV. 460—bridge
over the Danube at, XX. 377.
Ratlines of a ship, XIX. 76.
Rattails in horses, XXI. 637.
Rattibor, Prussian city, XIX. 76.
Rattle-snakes, XX. 151—their bite poi¬
sonous, XIV. 507.
Rattolaw, Hindu sea-port, XIX. 76.
Rau, Dutch surgeon, XX. 829.
Racjeshy, in Bengal, XIX. 76.
Raukoke, island, XIX. 76.
Racn, XIX. 76.
Rava, Turkish town, XIX. 76.
Ravailliac (Franqois), XIX. 76; X. 34.
Ravelin, XIX. 77 ; IX. 773.
Raven, XVI. 584.
Ravenel’s hive, III. 283.
Ravenna, XIX. 77; XVII. 4—cupola
of the church of San Vitale at, III.
260—the Goths at, XII. 465—taken
by the Lombards, XIII. 466 —re¬
covered by the Venetians, ib.—eleva¬
tion of the ground at, XIX. 278.
Ravensbcrg, XIX. 77.
Ravensworth Castle, VIII. 291.
Ravey, Hindu river, XIX. 77.
Ravilpandy, XIX. 77.
Ravree, Hindu town, XIX. 77.
Rawaad, Hindu town, XIX. 77.
Rawak Isle, XIX. 77.
Rawandians, II. 533.
Rawankrad, lake, XIX. 77.
Rawcliffe, in Yorkshire, XIX. 77.
Rawicz, Prussian city, XIX. 77.
Ray (John), XIX. 77—on Scotch agri¬
culture, II. 258—his classification of
plants, V. 71—on fishes, XII. 152—
on animals, XIV. 77—his high scien-
tific and personal character, ib.—on
birds, XVI. 546.
 , in optics, XIX. 78. See Light.
 , fish, XII. 235.
Rayger (Dr Charles), on a swarm of
ants at Posen, Hi. 243.
Rayleigh, in Essex, XIX. 78.
Raymundus de Penyafort, VI. 92.
Raynal (William Thomas), XIX. 78—
on the effects of the discovery of
America, and of passage to India by
Cape of Good Hope, I. 19—Diderot’s
literary aid to, VIII. 15.
Raypoor, Hindu town, XIX. 79.
Raysingpoor, XIX. 79.
Ray UN, Persian town, XIX. 79.
Razor-fish, XV. 372.
Razors, manufacture of, VII. 566.
Re, island, XIX. 79—prefix, ib.—Egyp¬
tian deity, VIII. 552.
Reaction, XIX. 79-y-universal reac¬
tion a law of the material world, VIII.
387.
Read (Mr), on the electricity of vege¬
table bodies, VIII. 608—his electrical
conductors, 646.
Reade (Dr Joseph), his permanent soap-
bubble, XVI. 428.
Reading, XIX. 79. See Elocution.
 , in Berkshire, XIX. 79.
 , in Pennsylvania, XVII. 224.
Re-aggravation, XIX. 80.
Real presence, doctrine of the, XX. 814.
Realejo, in Nicaragua, XVI. 201.
Realgar, VI. 384—sp. gr. of, XII. 34.
Realists, XIX. 80 ; I. 312.
Reality, XIX. 80.
Realm, XIX, 80.
Re-animation, XIX. 80.
Reaping-machines, II. 269, 350.
Rear, XIX. 80,
Reab-Guard, XIX. 80 — Half-files —
Line—Rank, ib.
Reason, XIX. 80 ; XY, 457—extension
of the term to the moral faculties, I.
331—distinguished frqm instinct, XII.
297—-Leibnitz on a sufficient reason ;
see Leibnitz.
Reasoning, XIX, 80; XIII. 445—its
parts, 445—qualifications of a good
reasoner, 449.
REA—REE
Reaumor (R. A. F., Sicur de), XIX. 80
—on the bee, IV. 519—on the shape
of bells, 545—on insects, XIV. 77—
on procelain, XVIII. 432—his spirit
of wine thermometer, XXI. 237.
Reaumurieee, in botany, V. 101.
Rebate, XIX. 81.
Rebatement, XIX. 81.
Rebellion, XIX. 81—Scotch, in 1715,
V. 374 ; in 1745, 381—Irish, in 1798,
484. See Monmouth, O’Neill, &c.
Rebus, XIX. 81.
Recanati, Italian city, XIX. 81.
Recensio, XIX. 81.
Receptacle, in botany. III. 95; V. 40.
Rechabites, XIX. 81.
Recheat, XIX. 81.
Recherche Archipelago, XIX. 81.
Recife, XVII. 236—trade of, V. 210.
Reciprocal, XIX. 82—Figures, ib—in
mathematics, ib.—Proportion, ib.—
Terms, ib.—Equations, II. 460.
Recitativo, in music, XIX. 82.
Recklinghausen, XIX. 82.
Reckoning (ship’s), XIX. 82.
Reclaiming, XIX. 82.
Recognizance, XIX. 82.
Recoil, or Rebound, XIX. 82.
Recollection, XIX. 82.
Reconnoitre, XIX. 82.
Recorde (Robert), XIX. 82; I. 592 ;
X. 429—on algebra, I. 442 ; II. 423.
Recorder, XIX. 82.
Records (public), importance of quality
of paper and vellum on which they
are written, XII. 279.
Recovery, in law, XIX. 82.
Recreation Island, XIX. 82.
Recruiting, in Austria, IV. 234—Ava,
246—Egypt, VIII. 503—France, III,
601—the Netherlands, 611—Prussia,
606—Russia, 608—Spain, 602—Tur¬
key, 613—Mr Wyndham’s act, V. 520.
Rectangle, XIX. 82 ; X. 433.
Rectification, XIX. 82.
Rectilinear, XIX. 83.
Rector, XIX. 83—English, VIII. 788,
Rectory, XIX. 83.
Rectum, in man, 11.816—in brutes, III.
38—surgical treatment of diseases of
the, XX. 843.
Recuperatores, XIX. 83.
Recupero on an eruption of water from
jEtna, II. 207.
Recurvirostra, birds, XVI. 626.
Recusants, Popish, XIX. 83.
Red, colour, XIX. 83—in crayon-paint¬
ing, VII. 452—dyeing of, VIII. 306,
341—method of dyeing wool, 312 ;
silk, 315; cotton and linen, 316 —
varieties of, XV. 127, 128—red co¬
louring-matters, VI. 483.
Red Book of Exchequer, XIX. 83.
Redbreast, XVI. 575.
Red-deer, XIV. 160 ; XX. PI. 460.
Red-grouse-shooting, XX. 315.
Red Point, XIX. 83.
Red River, XIX. 83—Lord Selkirk’s
colony on, VIII. 691.
Red Saunders, VI. 483.
Red Sea, XIX. 83; XVII. 521—com¬
merce on the, JII. 337.
Redburn, in Herts, XIX. 84.
Reddygoodum, XIX. 84.
Redemption, XIX. 81; Xip. 224.
Redon, in France, XIX. 84.
Redoubt, XIX. 84 ; IX. 785.
Redpole, bird, XVI. 581.
Redruth, Cornish town, XIX. 84.
Redshank, bird, XVI. 625.
Redstart, bird, XVI, 575.
Reduction, XIX. 84—in arithmetic,
ib.; III. 547—-of decimal fractions,
559, 562—of motions and forces, VIII.
363—of equations, XIX. 84.
Redundant, in music, XIX. 84.
Reduplication, XIX. 85.
Reduvius, insect, IX. 197.
Redwing, bird, XVI. 571.
Ree, Portuguese coin, XIX. 85.
Ree (Lough), XXI. 861.
Reed, weaver’s, XXI. 824.
Reef, sea-term, XIX. 85.
REE—REG
Reef Island, XIX. 85.
Reel, manufacturer’s, XIX. 85.
Reeling, XIX. 85—of silk, XX. 344.
Reepham, in Norfolk, XIX. 85.
Rees, Prussian town, XIX. 85.
 (Or G. O.), on the composition
of bones, XVII. 600.
Reeve (Clara), XIX. 85—character of
her romances, 342.
Reeving, XIX. 87.
Refection, XIX 87.
Refining of sugar, XX. 795.
Reflecting telescope, XVI. 360. See Te¬
lescope.
Reflection of a moving body, XIX. 87
—of cold, VII. 57—of heat, I. 652; V.
725 ; XI. 182—of light, XIII. 331;
XVI. 378 ; XVII. 668—j)olarisation of
light by, XVIII. 226—considered as a
mode of polarising light, 227—circu¬
lar instrument of, XIX. 87.
 , in mental philosophy, XIX. 87 ;
XIV. 631—clear perception of, by
Descartes, I. 57 — the last faculty
which unfolds itself, 58—Locke on
ideas resulting from, 110-12—use
which Locke makes of the term, 253
—definition of, by La Harpe, 116.
Reflector of a lighthouse, XX. 18.
Reflex, in painting, XIX. 87.
Reflux, or ebb, XIX. 87.
Reform, XIX. 87. See Parliament.
Reform-act, English, IX. 23—passing of
the, V. 584.
Reformation (the), XIX. 87 ; XI. 496;
XIII. 231—in Denmark, VII. 721—
England, VIII. 747; VII. 447—Scot¬
land, XII. 752 ; XIX. 726, et seq.,
763—Switzerland, XXI. 44—a conse¬
quence of the revival of letters, I. 15
—its influence on the progress of so¬
ciety, IX. 411—extended to Ireland,
XII. 362—hostile to art in England,
XVI. 724—destruction of books there,
at the,766,ml. See Luther, Knox,&c.
Refracting telescope, 11.35. See Tele¬
scope.
Refraction, XIX. 97—of light, XIII
329, 331, 332 ; XVI. 357, 382 ; XVIL
668—discovery of the true law of, by
Snelhus, I. 511—angle of, III. 129—
in astronomy, 761—theory of, ib.—
law of, 762—observations of divers
astronomers on, ib.—mode of finding
how much the rising of the sun or a
star is advanced by, IV. 64—Table of
atmospherical refractions, 100—sepa¬
ration of colours by, VI. 633—laws
of extraordinary, 642—double, 644 ;
XVI. 453; XVIII. 225—oblique, VI.
651—Dollond’s experiments on, VIII.
95—Fermat on, IX. 519—Table of
refractive powers, XVI. 384 —laws
connecting refractive densities with
angles of polarisation, XY1II. 228—
considered as a mode of polarising
light, 230—calculations, in surveying,
of the errors produced by, XXI. 2—
determination of, in the trigonometri¬
cal survey, 369.' See Telescope.
 of heat, V. 725 ; XIII. 332—of
altitude, ascension, descension, de¬
clination, latitude, and longitude,
XIX. 97—terrestrial, ib.
Refrangibility of light, XJX. 97; L
632. See Refraction.
Refrigerative, XIX. 97.
Refrigeratory, XIX. 97.
Refugees, XIX. 97.
Regalbuto, Sicilian town, XIX. 97.
Regalia, in law, XIX. 97.
Regalities in Scotland, XIX. 758.
Regalmuto, XIX. 97.
Regan, Persian town, XIX. 97,
Regardant, in heraldry, XIX. 97,
Regarder, XIX. 97.
Regatta, XIX. 97—of Kingstown in
Ireland, VIII. 235.
Regel, fixed star, XIX. 97.
Regen, in Bavaria, XIX. 97.
Regency of Britain, the Prince of Wales’s
title to the, V. 452—his appointment
to the, 532.
130
INDEX
REG—REI
Regeneration, XIX. 97; XXI. 234.
Regent, XIX. 97.
Regent’s Canal, XVI. 17.
Regent’s Park, London, XIII. 539.
Regent-bird, XVI. 574.
Reggio, XIX. 97; XV. G99.
Regiam Majestatem, XX. 374.
Regicide, XIX. 97.
Regifugium, XIX. 97.
Regimen, XIX. 98.
Regiment, XIX. 98.
Regiomontanus, XV. 591; VI. 10—
advanced mathematics by bis works,
I. 435—introduced trigonometry and
decimal fractions, ib.; X. 429—his
artificial dove, II. 177—his almanac,
532 — his astronomical labours, III.
736; I. 484.
Region, XIX. 98—Ethereal, ib.—Ele¬
mentary, ib.
Regis (Peter Sylvain), XIX. 98.
Register, XIX. 98.
Register House, Edinburgh, VIII. 419.
Registrar, XIX. 98.
Registration (general), of births, bap¬
tisms, marriages, &c., XIX. 98.
Regma, in botany, V. 49.
Regnard (John Francis), XIX. 104.
Regnier (Mathurin), XIX. 104.
 des Marets (Seraphin), French
poet, XIX. 104.
 (General), V. 523.
Regnier’s dynanometer, VIII. 388.
Regrator, XIX. 104.
Regula, in architecture, III. 470.
Regular, XIX. 104—Body, ib.
Regulator of a watch, VI. 798.
Reg ulus (M. Attilius), Roman consul,
XIX. 104, 3S5 ; VI. 191.
 , bird, XVI. 576.
 , star, XIX. 104.
 , in chemistry, XIX. 104.
Rehearsal, XIX. 105.
Reher, Hindu town, XIX. 105.
Reicha on musical scales, XV. 612—on
melody, 619, 622—on the fugue, 639
—on musical composition, 643.
Reichel on vegetable anatomy, III. 46.
Reichenbach, XIX. 105.
Reichenberg, XIX. 1C5.
Reid (Adam), his pendulum, XVII. 215.
  (General), his bequest to the
University of Edinburgh, XXI. 520.
 (Dr Thomas), XIX. 105—am¬
biguity of a passage relative to colour
in his Inquiry into the Human Mind,
I. 66—sense in which he used the
word suggestion, 167—great object, of
his Inquiry, 218—Dr Adam Ferguson
on his works, 219—his Essays on the
Intellectual and on the Active Powers
of Man, 222 — unfortunate in his
choice of the terms common sense
and instinct, 387 — on analogical
reasoning, II. 682—on instinct, XII.
297, 298—on the utility of logic,
XIII. 459—on perception, XIV. 604,
606—on memory,615—on conception,
620—on abstraction, 623—on belief
of testimony, 641—on cause and ef¬
fect, XVII. 440 — on the sense of
smell, XX. 405—his style, XXI. 89.
Reigate, in Surrey, XIX. 107.
Reigwin (Capt. Richard), IV. 766.
Reil on the brain, II. 704—on the neu-
rilema, 732.
Reimarus on the character of Jesus
Christ, XII. 562.
Rein-deer, XIV. 157; XVII. 709—of
Asia, III. 683; Iceland, XII. 148;
Lapland, XIII. 106, 110.
Rein-deer moss, XIII. 105.
Reinesius on inscriptions, XII. 292.
Reinhold (M.), IX. 535—his opinion of
Kant’s principle caXXoA practical rea¬
son, I. 198—his reasons why Kant’s
Critique of Pure Reason made so
great an impression in Germany, ib.
 , astronomer, III. 738.
Reiske (John James), XIX. 107.
Reisseissen on the mucous membranes
of the human body, II. 753.
REI—REN
Reitra, Austrian city, XIX. 108.
Rejang, in Sumatra, XIX. 108.
Reland (Adrian), XIX. 108.
Relations of animals, Lamarck’s defini¬
tion of, III. 173. •
Relay Horses, XIX. 108.
Relhan (Mr), on botany, V. 83.
Relics, XIX. 108.
Relief Synod, XIX. 764.
Relievo, or Relief, XIX. 108.
Religion, XIX. 108—of antiquity. III.
504—of Abyssinia, II. 62—Asia, III.
694—Austria, IV. 234—Bolivia, 753
—Greece, 168; XX. 452 — Japan,
XII. 514—of the ancient Germans,
X. 475—of the Slavi, XIX. 529-
operation of conscience in relation to
religious systems, I. 411—employed
as an aid of government, IV. 168-
corruptions of, 169—right of private
judgment, V. 25—arguments of the
dissenters in 1772 against articles of
faith, 395, 396—law of Buenos Ayres
in favour of toleration, 657—union
of religion with warlike spirit in chi¬
valry, VI. 593—summary of ecclesi¬
astical history, XI. 486—religious
societies in London, XIII. 526—reli¬
gious duties, XV. 478—motives to
virtue from religion, 486—mysteries
in, 657—philosophy not hostile to,
XVII. 574—religious aspect of rivers,
XIX. 250 — laxity of thought and
conduct admitted by traditionary re¬
ligions whose authority is allowed,
XX. 447. See Buddha, Christianity,
Devotion, God, Mahommedanism, My¬
thology, Persecution, Polytheism, Po¬
pery, Reformation, Roman Catholics,
Superstition, Theology, Toleration,
&c.; also the geographical articles
generally.
Religious, XIX. 109.
Religious Missions, XIX. 109;XV.298
—in Abyssinia, II. 52—America, 632
—Asia, III. 697—Ava, IV. 245-6—
Brazil, V. 190, etseq.; XVIII. 458-
China, VI. 521 ; III. 697—Japan,
XII. 519—Labrador, XIII. 5—the
Ladrone Islands, XVIII. 316—the
Marquesas, 328—New California, VI.
23—New Zealand, IV. 216; XXI. 977
—Otaheite, XVIII. 326—Sandwich
Islands, 321 — Paraguay, II. 630 ;
XVII. 57; XVIII. 143—Peru, XVII.
303—Siberia, XX. 327-8—Sierra Le¬
one, 331—Society Islands, XVIII. 324
—Tunquin, XXI. 409—capacity of the
indigenous Americans for receiving
Christianity considered, II. 631. See
the geographical articles generally.
Rembang, in Java, XIX. 116.
Rembrant Van Rhin, XIX. 116—his
pictures, III. 649 ; XVI. 722.
Remedies of disease, XIV. 523. See
Medicine.
Remembrance, XIX. 116.
Remembrancers, XIX. 116.
Remesses, XI. 323.
Reminiscence, XIX. 116—Plato on,
XVIII. 31.
Remission, in physics, XIX. 116.
Remondi (J. B.), XL 311.
Remonstrants, XIX. 116; III. 577;
XI. 2, 521; XVIII. 515.
Remontoir scapements, VI. 774, 776.
Remora, fish, XII. 222.
Remorse, XIX. 116 ; I. 368.
Remphan, XIX. 117.
Remus, XIX. 118, 361.
Remusat (Abel), on the Chinese alpha¬
bet, II. 543.
Remy (St), French city, XIX. 118.
Renaldini’s thermometer, IV. 393.
Renapoor, Hindu town, XIX. 118.
Renaudot (Abb6), on Coptic, XI. 313.
Rendsburg, Danish city, XIX. 118.
Renfrew, Scotch town, XIX. 118.
Renfrewshire, XIX. 118.
Rennell (Major), on the Periplus of
Hanuo, II. 219; X. 389 — on the
ruins of Babylon, IV. 267—on the
REN—RES
Himalaya Mountains, XI. 369—on
the Indus, XII. 270.
Rennes, in France, XIX. 120.
Rennet, XIX. 522.
Rennie (George), on friction, XIV. 411,
et seq.
  (John), XIX. 120—aqueduct
designed by, III. 323 —his plan of
the Plymouth Breakwater, V. 220—
iron bridges executed by, 279—his
plans of Waterloo Bridge and the New
London Bridge, 281, 282—his diving-
bells at Howth and Plymouth, VIII.
69, 70—on friction, XIV. 415.
Renschild (General), XXI. 23.
Rent—nature, origin, and progress of,
XVIII. 290—does not enter into
price, VII. 391—of land in England,
VIII. 766—taxes on, XXI. 101—ob¬
jections to corn-rents, II. 344—plan
for converting these into money, ib.
Renterxng, XIX. 123.
Renulina, mollusca, XV. 345.
Renverse, in heraldry, XIX. 123.
Renzi (Dr), on the rate of mortality in
Naples, XV. 537.
Reounzeik, Burmese town, XIX. 123.
Repeating Circle (Borda’s), IV. 798.
 Watches, VI. 795.
Repentance, XIX. 123.
Replum, in botany, V. 48.
Representative, XIX. 124.
  Government, X. 627.
Reprieve, XIX. 124.
Reprisals, XIX. 124—lettersof.H. 157.
Reprobation, XIX. 124.
Reproduction, XIX. 124—organs of,
in man, II. 823; XVII. 687; in
brutes, III. 40 ; in plants, 95, 97 ; V.
39 ; in the Crustacea, VII. 499—re¬
production of lost or mutilated or¬
gans in animals, III. 163, 355—of
polypes, XXI. 1020, 1023. See Ge¬
neration.
Reptilia, XIX. 124; XVII. 586, 678—
their bones, III. 1, 13—muscles, 19—
organs of smell, 21—eyes, Vi, et seq.
—earst 26—tongue, 27—vocal organs,
29—nervous system, 30, 31—teeth,
32, 33—stomach, 36—intestines, 37,
38—heart, 39—lungs, 40—secretory
organs, 40—hybernation, 168—list of
those used for food, IX. 724—phy¬
siology of, XVII. 712—serpents of
Sumatra, XX. 803, Sec Serpents.
Repton, in Derbyshire, XIX. 164.
Republics, South American, II. 640,646.
See Democracy, Athens, Bolivia, &c.
Repulsion, VIII. 348—electric, 575,
577, 586, 592—mutual, of particles
of the air, XII. 120—magnetic, XIII.
690, 702—alternate attraction and
repulsion in some bodies, XX. 753—
is the cause of the swimming of some
bodies in fluids specifically lighter
than themselves, ib.
Requena, Spanish city, XIX. 164.
Requesens, XI. 516.
Resedacese, in botany, V. 97.
Resenius (Professor), his edition of the
Edda, VIII. 411.
Resentment, XIX. 164 ; XV. 463.
Reshd, Persian town, XIX. 164.
Residual Analysis, XIX. 164—Figure,
ib.—Root, ib.
Resignation, XV. 470.
Resins, in chemistry, VI. 489—in mi¬
neralogy, XV. 171—electricity de¬
veloped during the melting and cool¬
ing of, VIII. 603—specific gravity of,
XII. 34—used as the bases of varnish,
XXI. 561—gum-resins, VI. 490—re¬
sinous secretions of the human body,
XVII. 650.
Resina, Italian town, XIX. 164.
Resinous electricity, VIII. 576, 578—
discovery of, 567.
Resist-pastes, in calico-printing,account
of the principal, VIII. 341.
Resistance of the air. See Gunnery,
Projectiles.
Resistance of Fluids, XIX. 165 ; XII.
RES—REV
76 ; XX. 267—use of the pendulum
in determining, XVII. 188.
Resistance of Materials, V. 263. See
Strength of Materials.
Resolution, in music, XIX. 187.
 Bay, XIX. 187.
 Island, XIX. 187.
 of forces, VIII. 357.
Resort, XIX. 187.
Resoulabad, XIX. 187.
Respiration, XVII. 583, 645; III. 157;
XVIII. 121—quality of the air chang¬
ed by, 122—mechanism of, ib.—essen¬
tial to mammiferous quadrupeds from
birth, II. 666—different modes of, in
vertebrated animals, 706—of plants,
XXI. 579 ; III. 157—of arachnides,
349 ; bees, IV. 521; insects, IX. 81;
fishes, XII. 161; XVII. 717 ; whales,
XIV. 189 ; frogs, XIX. 151; serpents,
XX. 130—length of time during which
breath can be held, VIII. 59—Hooke
on, XI. 555—act of, whether instinc¬
tive, XII. 301— Lavoisier’s experi¬
ments on, XIII. 128—disordei-s of, in
the domestic animals, XXL 629—re¬
spiratory nerves, XVII. 677. See
Amphibia, Diving.
 (Organs of), in man, II. 821—
in the lower animals, III. 39—in the
Crustacea, VII. 499—in birds, XVI.
554 — in the echinodermata, XXI.
1000. See Lungs, Phthisis.
Respondent, XIX. 187.
Responsions at Oxford, XXL 498.
Ressons on gunnery, XI. 43.
Rest, XIX. 187—in poetry, 188.
Rest-Harrow, a plant, XIX. 188.
Restauration, XIX. 188.
Restiaceae, in botany, V. 135.
Restiese, in botany, V. 135.
Restif de la Bretonne, character of his
novels, XIX. 354.
Restiform bodies of the brain, II. 810.
Restitution, XIX. 188—of medals, ib.
Restive horse, XIX. 188.
Restoration, island, XIX. 188.
 of Charles II., V. 341.
Restorations of antiques. III. 267.
Resurrection, XIX. 188—analogy be¬
tween it and the metamorphosis of in¬
sects', IX. 88—a Mahommedan doc¬
trine, XIV. 33—of Jesus Christ, XII.
560 ; XXI. 229.
Resuscitation, XIX. 188.
Retail-dealers, advantage of, XVIII. 284.
Retaliation, XXI. 71—Arabian law of,
III. 334—regarded by Socrates as a
duty, XX. 463.
Retarded motions, VIII. 367.
Retarding forces, VIII. 370.
Rete mucosum of the skin, II. 750; VII.
190; XVII. 606.
Retford (East), XIX. 188.
Rethel, in France, XIX. 188.
Reticle-micrometers, XV. 23.
Reticula, XIX. 188.
Reticulation, XIX. 188; XVI. 105.
Reticulum, XIX. 193.
Retina of the eye, in man, II. 799; XVII.
667—in various animals, III. 24 —
whether the seat of vision, XVI. 512
—insensible spot in, XVII. 670.
Retinasphalt, sp. gr. of, XII. 34.
Retirade, XIX. 193.
Retirement, XIX. 193i
Retort, XIX. 193—gas-retort, X. 349.
Retpoorah, a city in the kingdom of
Wirtemberg, XIX. 193.
Retracts, XIX. 193.
Retreats, in war, XXL 752, 755.
Retriever-dog, XX. 311.
Retromingents, XIX. 193.
Retz (Cardinal de), VII. 202.
Retzius (Professor), V. 79.
Re us-Plauen, two principalities in Ger¬
many, XIX. 193.
Reuss on the capillaries, II. 725.
Reutlingen, XIX. 194.
Reve, or Reeve, XIX. 194.
Reveille, XIX*. 194.
Revel, IV. 330.
INDEX
131
REV—RHI
Revelation, XIX. 194—law of, XIII.
129. See Scripture, Theology.
Revels, XIX. 194.
Revenge, XIX. 194. See Retaliation.
Revenue of Attica, IV. 172—of the
United Kingdom, VIII. 792. See
Funding System, Political Economy,
Taxation, Austria, France, &c.
Revekbekation, XIX. 194.
Reverence due to the Deity, XV. 477 ;
XXI. 210. See Devotion, Veneration.
Reverend, XIX. 194.
Reverie, XIX. 194.
Reversion, XIX. 194. See Annuities.
Revetement, in fortification, IX. 773.
Revett’s Antiquities of Athens,* III. 430.
Review, XIX. 194 — Edinburgh, VII.
267—Quarterly, X. 517.
Revival of learning in Europe, I. 15;
VII. 495 — naturally produced the
Reformation, I. 15—its effects on the
advancement of physical, metaphysi¬
cal, moral, and political science, 16-20,
Revivification, XIX. 194.
Revoldtion, in politics, XIX. 94 —
English, of 1688, V. 360 5 VI. 655
—Greek, X. 743.
—  (French), V. 456; X. 45; XI.
485—retrospective view of the, X.
121—its effects on agriculture, 174;
on religion, 202.
 , in geometry, XIX. 195.
 , in astronomy, XIX. 195.
Rewah, XIX. 195; IV. 730.
Rewart, Hindu town, XIX. 195.
Reyneac (Charles Rene), XIX. 195.
Reynolds (Sir Joshua), XIX. 195;
XVI. 703, 725, 729—his character as
a painter, HI. 652; XVI. 721—on the
imitation of nature in painting, III.
654—his theory of beauty, IV. 486—
his friendship with Burke, V. 713 —
on taste, XXI. 89-91.
Rezat, in Bavaria, XIX. 197.
Rhabarbarin, VI. 467.
Rhabdology, XIX. 197.
Rhadamanthus, XIX. 197; VII. 463.
Rhaden, Prussian town, XIX. 197.
Rhoetian Alps, II. 559.
Rheeticus (G. J.), X. 430 — his Trigono¬
metrical Table, XXI. 374.
Rhsetizite, specific gravity of, XII. 34.
Rhagium, insect, IX. 180.
Rhamesseion, at Thebes in Egypt, ruins
of, VIII. 537.
Rhamneas, in botany, V. 105.
Rhamnus, XVII. 787.
Rhamphium, insect, IX. 276.
Rhamphomyia, insect, IX. 270.
Rhamphus, insect, IX. 174.
Rhamses-Meiammon, reign of,VIII. 466.
Rhamses, or Sesostris, king of Egypt.
See Sesostris.
Rhapsodi, XIX. 198.
Rhapsodomancy, XIX. 198.
Rhapsody, XIX. 198.
Rhazes, his skill in surgery, XX. 826.
Rhea, a deity of the ancient Egyptians,
VIII. 552; XI. 319.
—  , bird, XVI. 6)6.
Rheims, in France, XIX. 198.
Rheinberg, Prussian town, XIX. 198,
Rheita’s telescope, XXI. 166.
Rheticus (G. J.), See Rhseticus.
Rhetores of Athens, XIX. 198.
Rhetorians, heretics, XIX. 198.
Rhetoric, XIX. 199 — Aristotle on,
I. 54; III. 514—-of the Druids, VIII.
209—reprobated by Plato, XVIII. 29.
See Declamation.
Rheumatism in the domestic animals,
XXI. 615.
Rhina, insect, IX. 174.
 , fish, XII. 235,
Rhinchobdella, fish, XII. 186.
Rhine, a circle of Bavaria, XIX. 221;
IV. 460.
 (Lower),in France, XIX. 221.
 (Upper), in France, XIX. 221.
— (Confederation of the), VII. 210 ;
X. 142.
 , river, X. 483 ; XVIII. 691 ;
XXI. 46 — canal from it to the
RHI—RIC
Rhone, XVI. 6—its navigation, 35—
lowering of its channel, XVII. 524.
Rhinella, reptile, XIX. 158.
Rhingia, insect, IX. 274.
Rhinobatus, fish, XII. 234.
Rhinoceros, XIX. 222; XIV. 150,156 ;
II. 60, 227—structure of, XVII. 707.
Rhinolphus, in zoology, XIV. 101.
Rhinopoma, in zoology, XIV. 101.
Rhinosimus, insect, IX. 172.
Rhinotia, insect, IX. 172.
Rhinotragus, insect, IX. 179.
Rhipicera, insect, IX. 141.
Rhipidia, insect, IX. 261.
Rhisostrogus, insect, IX. 159,
Rhizantheas, in botany, V. 128.
Rhizoboleae, in botany, V. 102.
Rhizophorae, in botany, V. 108.
Rhizophysa, zoophyte, XXI. 1018,
Rhizostoma, structure of, XVII. 722.
Rhode Island, XIX. 222.
Rhodes, XIX. 223—colossus of, VII.
126; XX. 15-attacked by Mithri-
dates, XVIII. 351 — Rhodian laws,
XIV. 248,
Rhodium, VI. 423—salts of peroxide of,
452 — specific gravity of, XII. 34
—oil of, used in the destruction of
vermin, XXI. 599.
Rhododendron, XI. 678.
Rhodope, XXI. 418.
Rhomb Solid, XIX. 225.
Rhomboid, XIX. 225 ; X. 433 — in
crystallization, VII. 511, n. 4 — in
mineralogy, XV. 112.
Rhombus, XIX. 225; X. 433.
 —, fish, XII. 188, 220.
Rhone, French department, XIX. 225.
 , river, XXI. 46—canal from it
to the Rhine, XVI. 6.
  (Mouths of the), French de¬
partment, XIX. 226.
Rhubarb, XIX. 226—alkali in, VI. 467
—culture of, XI. 675,
Rhuddlan Marsh, trigonometrical base
on, XXI. 358.
Rhumb, XIX. 229.
Rhumb-Line, XIX. 229; X. 407.
Rhyme, XIX. 229.
Rhymer (Thomas the), XXI. 244.
Rhyncluea, bird, XVI. 623.
Rhynchsenus, insect, IX. 174.
Rhynchapsis, bird, XVI. 637.
Rhynchites, insect, IX. 172.
Rhynchophora, insects, IX. 171.
Rhynchops, bird, XVI. 633.
Rhynchostoma, insects, IX. 167.
Rhyphus, insect, IX. 264.
Rhythm, musical, XV. 621—essential in
melody, XIV. 541.
Rhythmometer, XIX. 229.
Rhyzophagus, insect, IX. 176.
Riao, island, XIX. 229.
Riasan, in Russia, XIX. 229.
Ribauviller, XIX. 229.
Ribble, English river, XIII. 50—its na¬
vigation, XVI. 18,
Ribbon. See Design.
Ribeira Grande, IV. 263.
Ribera, in Sicily, XIX. 229.
Riberac, in France, XIX. 229.
Ribero (Dr), IV. 734.
Ribs of man, II. 741—of the mammalia,
III. 3—birds, 12—reptiles, 14—fishes,
16—form of, XVIII. 122.
Ricardo (David), XIX. 229—on the
high price of gold before the recoin¬
age, VII. 38—on the corn-laws, 345,
et seq.—on the cottage-system, 394—
on rates of interest, XII. 320—on
money, XV. 393—on profits, XVIII.
298—on taxation, XXI. 103, et seq.
Ricati on mathematics, XIV. 322.
Ricaut (Sir Paul), XIX. 234.
Ricci, painter, XVI. 719.
Riccio, murder of, XIX. 738.
Riccioli, astronomical labours and opi¬
nions of, I. 495; III. 741.
Riccoboni on love-intrigue in theFrench
drama, VIII. 164.
Rice, XIX. 234—bread of, IV. 300—its
culture in China, VI. 579 ; Georgia,
&e., XIX. 589; India, XI. 380; Java,
RIC—RIG
XII. 528 ; Lombardy, XIII. 480 ;
Madagascar, 666 ; and the United
States, XXI. 463.
Rich (Mr), his account of the ruins of
Babylon, IV. 267,
Richard (Monsieur), his carriage with¬
out horses, XIV. 443.
 I., king of England, reign and
character of, VIII. 719—his expedi¬
tion to the Holy Land, 482-3 ; VII.
485, 489 ; XVI. 757—his fleet, XX.
215— his encouragement of the Uni¬
versity of Oxford, XXI. 492.
  II., reign of, VIII. 729—his
Irish policy, XII. 359—his fleet, XX.
216— tournament held by, XXI. 342.
 III., reign of, VIII. 738.
Richardson (Dr), on the aurora borealis*
IV. 199, 201—his account of Mehem-
med Ali, VIII. 505, n.—on the wol¬
verine, XIV. 108—on the skunk wea¬
sel, 110 — on the American field-
mouse, 134—on the jer-falcon, XVI.
565 — on North American zoology,
XVII. 551.
 (Jonathan), painter, XIX. 237.
 (Mr), of Hull, notice of his works
on brewing, V. 231.
 (Mr), of Keswick, his lifting-
plug, XIV. 458.
  — (Samuel), XIX. 235—his dis¬
like of Fielding, IX. 539—merits of
his novels, XIX. 336.
Richelet (Ctesar Peter), XIX. 237,
Richelieu (J. A. du P. de), XIX. 237
—his treatment of Corneille, VIII.
159—his superstition, XX. 813.
— , river, XIX. 238.
 Islands, XIX. 238.
Riches, XIX. 238. See Wealth.
Richman (Professor), his death while
making electrical observations, VIII.
570—on the Leyden jar, 650.
Richmond, the metropolis of Virginia,
XIX. 238; XXL 659,
 , in Surrey, XIX. 238.
 , in Yorkshire, XIX. 238.
Richter (J. B.), on the analysis of salts,
VI. 352.
Richter’s novels, XIX. 356.
Ricimer, XIX. 423.
Ricinic acid, VI. 430.
Ricinus, insect, IX. 296.
Rickards on the Hindus, XI. 402, et seq.
Rickman on pointed architecture, III.
454, et seq.
Rickmansworth, XIX. 238.
Ricochet battery, IV. 453.
Riddle, or senigma, II. 173.
Riddle’s letter-balance, XXI. 839.
Rideau, XIX. 239.
 Canal, VI. 64 ; XVI. 27.
Riders, in ship-building, XX. 284, 291.
Ridges, in farming, best method of form¬
ing, II. 276.
Ridgway (Messrs), of Harwich, their im¬
provements in bleaching, IV. 680.
Ridicule, XIX. 239—largely employed
in the Greek comedy, VIII. 149—the
ridiculous distinguished from the lu¬
dicrous, XIII, 122.
Riding, XI. 607—in naval affairs, XIX.
239. See Race.
Riding-bits of a ship, XX. 284.
Ridinger, engraver, IX, 54.
Ridley (Gloster), XIX. 240.
 (Henry), on the anatomy of the
brain, II. 701.
 (Nicholas), XIX. 239.
Riego, XX. 508, 509.
Rienzi (N. G. de), XIX. 240.
Ries (P.), and Moser, on magnetism,
XIII. 697 — on solar magnetism,
XVI. 423.
Riesengebirge, XIX. 241.
Rieti, in Italy, XIX. 241.
Riffault (Monsieur), on electro-chemi¬
cal decomposition, XXI. 678.
Rifle, XI. 37.
Rifle-barrelled guns, XI. 62.
Rifle-shooting, XX. 302.
Rifle-bird, XVI. 592.
Riga, XIX. 242—port and trade of, IV.
RIG—RIY
330—taken by Gustavus Adolphus,
XXI. 17.
Rigadoon, XIX. 242.
Rigaud (Professor), on Ptolemy’s Optics,
XVI. 348.
Rigging of a ship, XIX. 242.
Right, in geometry, XIX. 242.
 , title, XIX. 242.
Right and wrong, ideas of, XIV. 628.
See Ethical Philosophy, Moral Phi¬
losophy, Conscience.
Right-ascension, III. 756.
Rights, XIX. 242 ; XII. 634—the Eco¬
nomists on, VIII. 400.
 (Bill of), XIX. 243.
Rigoli, XIX. 243.
Rigor, in medicine, XIX. 244.
Rima-Szombach, XIX. 244.
Rimini, XIX. 244 ; XVII, 4.
Rincon (Antonio), painter, XVI. 722.
Rind of plants, III. 65.
Ring, XIX. 244.
Ring-dove, XVI. 613.
Ring-ouzel, bird, XVI. 571.
Ringbone, XXI. 616.
Ringwood, in Hampshire, XIX. 244.
Rio de Contas, XIX. 628.
Rio Grande, river, XIX. 244.
Rio Grande do Norte, XIX. 244.
Rio Grande do Sul, XIX. 245.
Rio Grande de la Madalena, XXL 592.
Rio Haeha, province, XIV. 264.
Rio Janeiro, XIX. 246 ; V. 195—
climate, II. 612 ; V. 200—seminaries,
&c., 205 — productions, 206—com¬
merce, 209—settlement of, 189, 190.
Rio Negro. See Negro.
Riohamba, XVIII. 797.
Riofresco, XX. 94.
Rioja, in La Plata, XVIII. 8.
Riolanus, VI. 347.
Riom, in France, XIX. 24S,
Rioseco, in Spain, XIX. 249.
Riots, discussion in 1780, on the mode
of quelling, V. 414.
Riou’s Island, XIX. 249.
Ripen, Danish city, XIX. 249.
Ripening of fruits, XXI. 584.
Riphcean Mountains, XIX. 249.
Ripiphorus, insect, IX. 167.
Ripley, in Yorkshire, XIX. 249.
Ripon, XIX. 249—Canal, XVI. 21.
Rippoldsau, springs of, XXL 946.
Risible, XIX. 249. See Ludicrous.
Risso (M.), on birds, XVI. 551.
Ristigouche, river, XVI. 148.
Ritchie (Dr W.), on electricity, VIIL
581—his photometer, XIII. 335—his
torsion galvanometer, XXL 688.
Rites, XIX. 249.
Ritornello, XIX. 249.
Ritson (Joseph), on the minstrels, XIX.
322—Ids attack on Warton’s History
of English Poetry, XXI. 780.
Ritter (J. D.), his edition of the Theo-
dosian Code, VI. 715.
 (Mons.), on the prismatic spec¬
trum, XIII. 332—on the influence of
magnetism upon chemical action, 723
—on the sun’s rays, XVI. 364—on
the effect of galvanism upon the eye,
XXI. 681.
Ritual, XIX. 249.
Riva, XIX. 250.
Rivadavia (Don Bernardino), V. 658-60.
Rive (M. de la), Ids hygrometer, XII.
130—on electro-chemical decomposi¬
tion, XXI. 678—his electro-magnetic
apparatus, 686. See Delarive.
Rivers, XIX. 250 ; XVII. 523—size
and course of, ib.—channels of, 524
—inundations, 525 — embankments,
ib.; VIII. 676, 679—rapids and ca¬
taracts, XVII. 525—number of, 526
—quantity of water discharged by, ib.
—length of, ib.—oceuitation of, ib.—*
great number and magnitude of navi¬
gable American rivers, II. 614—no
American river of the first class flows
westward, 615 — Asiatic rivers, III.
675 —dredging of, VIII. 193—straight¬
ening of the course of, 679—in gar¬
dening, X. 327—rights of different
132
INDEX,
RIV—ROB
nations respecting, XIII. 139 — de¬
posits at months of, XV. 219, 224 ;
XVII. 510—modes of improving navi¬
gation of, XVI. 34—tides in, XXI. 282
— Plate shewing the comparative
lengths of, XVII, PI. 410. See Delta,
Navigation (Inland), and the geogra¬
phical articles generally,
River Water, XIX. 294.
Riverhbad, in Kent, XIX. 294,
Rivinus, botanist, V. 82.
Rivoli, Italian city, XIX. 294—battle
of, X. 104 ; XV. 722.
Rixdollar, XV. 409, ct seq.
Rizzio, murder of, XIX, 738.
Roach, XII. 199—angling for. III. 147.
Road, in navigation, XIX. 294.
Roads, XIX. 294—in China, II. 627—
England, VIII. 763—France, X. 173-
Ireland, XII.413—Japan, 518—Peru,
II. 624—Scotland, 262; XIX. 750—
Spain, XX. 519—bridges now used for
raising the level of,III. 322—Roman,
in Britain, XXI. 821 ; IV. 5S6—of
the 16th century, VII. 159—embank¬
ments to serve as, VIII. 680—road
of the Simplon, XX. 356—repair of
roads by contributions of labour,
XXI. 100—road, in gardening, X.
332.
Road-Making, XIX. 294.
Roan, XIX. 300.
Roanne, in France, XIX. 300.
Roanoak, XIX. 390.
Roaring, a disease of the domestic ani-
mils, XXI. 629.
Robbery, honourable in Arabia, III.
331. See Larceny.
Robert, king of France, X. 12.
 I., king of Scotland. See Bruce.
  II. and III., kings of Scotland,
XIX. 710, 711.
 the Devil, VIII. 709.
 de Belesme, VIII. 714.
 of Gloucester quoted, IX. 39.
Robert’s Isles, XIX. 300.
Roberton (Mr), on the mortality of
children, XV. 527.
Roberts’ spinning-machinery, X. 555—
plate-knee, XX. 290.
Robertson (Dr William), XIX. 300—
on the balance of power, IV. 311—on
the beneficial effects of the Crusades,
VII. 487—compared with Gibbon, X.
514, n. 2—his history of Queen Mary,
XI. 498—on Indian chronology, XII.
588—Gilbert Stuart’s enmity to, XX.
782-3.
Robcrval, IX. 632—originality and ma¬
thematical genius of, I. 439—claimed
the discovery of the area of the cy¬
cloid, ib.—improved the method of
quadratures, ib. — his disputes with
Descartes, VI. 181—his mathemati¬
cal labours, XIV. 317.
Robervallian Lines, XIX. 302.
Robespierre, X 71, et seq., 124—down¬
fall of, 91. See Dan ton.
Robigds and Robigo, XIX. 302.
Robinia viscosa, XVII. 787.
Robins (Benjamin), XIX. 302—sketch
of his life, writings, and contributions
to mathematics, 1.601 —method which
he employed to determine the im¬
pulse of balls, 610—on Leibnitz’s
law of continuity, 133—on the rifle,
XI. 38—on gunnery, 4 3, 86—his ex¬
periments on the resistance of the
air, XVIII. 115, 116—on projectiles,
646, 654.
Robins’s filter, IX. 582.
Robinson (John), one of the early Inde¬
pendents, XII. 260.
  ,— (Mr), Lord Ripon, the wine-
duties reduced by, XXI. 122.
 (Owen), notice of his scapement,
VI. 793.
 (Sir Richard), XIX. 303.
Robison (Qr John), XIX. 303—on the
arch, III. 393—on capillary attrac¬
tion, XII. 41—on magnetism, XIII.
689, 698, 704, 724, 726, 729 —on the
teeth of wheels, XIV* 422—on theo-
ROB—ROE
rici of harmony, XV. 606—on the
strength of ropes, XIX. 459—on the
steam-engine, XX. 570—his experi¬
ments on the force of steam, 579—on
the mathematical law which connects
that force with the temperature, 592
—on Newcomen’s steam-engine, 625
—on Watt’s steam-engine, 638—on
the telescope, XXI. 142.
Robison (Sir John), on the effect of ba¬
rometric changes upon ebullition,
XX. £74—his mercurial letter-ba¬
lance, XXL 839.
Robley (Mr), his culture of the bread¬
fruit, V. 213; of cotton, VII. 405.
Roborants, XIX. 307.
Rocab, XIX. 307.
Roccellic acid, VIII. 309.
Rochdale, XIX. 307—canal, XVI. 18.
Roche (Prof.), his formula representing
law of relation between temperature
and force of steam, XX. 595.
Roche-Bernard, XIX. 307.
Rochechouart, XIX. 307.
Rochefort, XIX. 307—British expe¬
dition against, V. 384.
Rochefohcadlt (Francis Duke de La),
XIX. 307—influence of his writings,
I. 54, 55,56—Voltaire’s and Johnson’s
opinions of, 54—manner in which he
polished his writings, ib.—the ten¬
dency of his maxims unfavourable to
morality, ib.—excellent private cha¬
racter of, 55—narrow sphere in which
he studied mankind, ib.—reasons why
his name should be united with Mon¬
taigne’s, ib.
Rochelle, in France, XXX. 307.
Rochester, in Kent, XIX. 307.
 (Earl of). See Wilmot.
Rochford, in Essex, XIX. 308.
Rochon (Monsieur), his micrometers,
XV. 17, 19—his types, XVIII. 567.
Rocks, blasting of, IV. 675—-boring of,
V. 5—simple and compound, XV. 178
—stratified, 180; XVII. 509--unstrati¬
fied, XV. 185; XVII. 509—in gar¬
dening, X. 329.
Rock-crystal, XV. 127—specific gravity
of, XII. 34, 35—refraction of, XVI.
487, 501.
Rock-salt, XV. 138—British mines of,
XV. 248. See Salt-Mines.
Rocket, XIX. 308 ; XVIII. 758.
Rocking stones, VIII. 207 ; XX. 736.
Rockingham (Marquis of), his adminis¬
tration, V. 422 — his patronage of
Burke, 713.
 , forest of, XVI. 251.
Rockwood, in mineralogy, XV. 154.
Rocky Mountains, in North America,
XIX. 308 ; XV. 304 ; XXI. 451.
Rocou, VIII. 320; XI. 23.
Rocquaneonrt, aqueduct of, III. 320.
Rocroy, in France, XIX. 309.
Rod, fishing, III. 136, 138.
Rodentia, XIV. 129—their bones, III.
3, et seq.—muscles, 18—organs of
smell, 21—nervous system, 30—teeth,
33—intestines, 37—structure, XVII.
705.
Roderick, king of the Goths in Spain,
XX. 493.
Rodez, in France, XIX. 309.
Rodgers (Lieut.), his anchor, III. 109.
Rodil (General), XX. 511.
Rodney (Geo. B.), Lord Rodney, XIX.
309; XX. 226 ; V. 414, et se<j.—De
Grasse defeated by, 421.
Rodolph of Hapsburg, IV. 219 ; XXI.
43.
Rodosto, Turkish city, XIX. 310,
Rodrigue, island, XIV. 333.
Rodriguez de Lima, II. 52.
Rodriguez (Don Martin), V. 658.
Roe, XIV. 100 ; XIX. 310—river, XIII.
550.
Roe-buck, hunting of, XI. 749.
Roe-deer, a pairing animal, III. 168.
Roebuck (John), XIX. 310; XXI. 817.
Roemer (Olaus), XIX, 311—on the
successive propagation of light, I.
498 j II. 31 ; XVI. 361 -rrhis astrpno-,
ROE—BOM
mical labours, III. 742—on the ther¬
mometer, IV. 393—on the teeth of
wheels, XIV. 352—on the microme¬
ter, XV. 12, 14.
Roermond, in Limburg, XIX. 311.
Roga, XIX. 311.
Rogation, XIX. 311.
Rogation-Wfek, XIX. 311.
Roger de Hoveden, XIX. 311.
Rogers (Alex.), his telescope, IV. 104.
Roget (Dr), on magnetic curves, XIII.
728—his classification of animal func¬
tions, XVII. 592—his galvanoscope,
XXI. 688.
Roggewein’s voyage of discovery, XVIII.
323, 324, 329.
Rogie, falls of, XIX. 485.
Rogognatgunge, XIX. 312.
Rogonatpoor, XIX. 312.
Rohan (Henry Duke of), XIX. 312.
Rouault (James), Cartesian philoso¬
pher, XIX. 312—Dr Clarke’s trans¬
lation of his Physics, VI. 728.
Rohilcund, XIX. 312.
Rohillas, Warren Hastings’s treatment
of the, V. 441 ; XL 421.
Roll. See Roller.
Rolland, island, XIX. 313.
Rolie, objections of, to the differential
calculus, I. 534 ; IX. 637.
Roller, XIX. 313—agricultural imple¬
ment, II. 268 — printers’ rollers,
XVIII. 562, 563.
 , bird, XVI. 585.
Rolli (Paul), Italian poet, XIX. 313.
Rollin (Charles), XIX. 313.
Rolling of a ship, XIX. 314.
Rollo, XIX. 314; VIII. 709.
  (Dr), his manner of treating
diabetes, VIII. 24.
Rollock (Robert), of Edinburgh, XIX.
314 ; XXL 518.
Rolpah, Hindu town, XIX. 315.
Roma Isle, XIX. 315.
Romaic language, X. 741.
Romagna, in Italy, XIX. 359.
Roman-candle, XVIII. 758.
Roman Catholic Church, the world in¬
debted to, for much of its present en¬
joyments, I. 14—the opposing of re¬
velation to reason, its most objection¬
able tenet, 21.
Roman Catholics, XIX. 315 — in
Buenos Ayres, V. 656—in Canada, VI.
67 — in Ireland, XII. 362, et seq.—
in Russia, XIX. 531—in Scotland, V.
470—their demonology, III. 297—pa¬
ganism mingled with their doctrines,
ib., n. 2 ; 300—riots against, in 1780,
V. 413—Mr Pitt on their emancipa¬
tion, 499 —measures in Parliament
for their relief, 411, 459, 47 0, 545-6,
552, 559, 561, 573—emancipation-act
passed, 570—Irish Catholic Associa¬
tion, 562, 563, 568, 574 ; suppressed,
576—none executed in Edward VI.’s
reign, VIII. 755—history of, XI.491,
et seq.—penal laws against Irish, en¬
acted, XII. 379, 380 ; repealed, 384,
389—their sacraments, XIX. 601 —
their superstitions, XX. 812—their
doctrine as to the Lord’s Supper, 814.
See Popery.
Roman-cement, V. 678—plastering with,
080—decay of, on walls, 681.
Roman History, XIX. 360 ; X. 472, et
seq.—invasion of Arabia, III. 341—cap¬
ture of Athens, IV. 127—conquests in
Britain, V. 297, et seq.—wars with the
Carthaginians, VI. 189, et seq.—Cou-
stantinopclitau history,VII. 271—cap¬
ture of Cori ith, 327—conquest of
Crete, 466—emigrations of barbarians
by whom the empire was overthrown,
VIII. 685—empire, 693—conquests
in Germany, X. 475, etssq.—conquest
of Illyria, XII. 25 L ; Judaea, 571 ;
XVI. 751; Macedonia, XIII. 643;
Pergamus, XVH. 230 ; Spain, XX.
490—Hiebuhr’s Roman History, XI.
499 ; XII. 293; XVI. 213, et seq.—
wars against the Parthians, XVII.
100, et seq,, 200; Persians, 201; Mith-
ROM
ridates, X'/III. 350. See the Chro¬
nological Table, VI. 665.
Romance, XIX. 318—of the middle
ages, VII. 496—three cycles of, XVIIL
157—old French, 164.
Romania, in Turkey, XIX. 359.
Romano (Giulio), Italian painter, XIX.
I. 359 ; XVI. 716.
Romans, their acclamations, II. 88—
posture during meals, 90—action at
law, 131—adoption, 160—adoration,
161—mode of punishing adultery, 166
—advocates, 167—sediles, 170—agri¬
culture, 251; XVIII. 260—anatomi¬
cal knowledge, II. 689—mythology,
III. 256 ; XV. 682; XVIII. 336—
augury. III. 257—remains of their
art, 258—their skill in arch-building,
260—demonology, 296—ignorant of
apprenticeships, 310—first employed
the arch extensively, 417—their ar¬
chitecture, ib., 422, 443, 473—car¬
pentry and joinery, 419—domestic
architecture, 431, 444—numerals,
532; VI. 322—army, HI. 589—ar¬
mour, 592—artificers, 632—bakers,
IV. 294, 295—banqueting-rooms, 351
basilicas, 426—baths, 441; XXI. 236
dining-couches, IV. 512—biscuit, 651
•—bricks, V. 258—burials, 712—burn¬
ing of the dead, 7 24—burying-places,
746—calendar, VI. 3, et seq., 653-4—
camps, 43—candles, 78—caps, 108—
treatment of captives, 130—camps in
Britain, 234 ; VIII. 291 ; XII. 723-
other remains there, XIII. 210 ; XV.
572, 581 ; XX. 790—encouragement
of marriage, VI. 271—citizens, 706—
cock-fighting, VII. 14—coins, 31;
XII. 292; XIV. 463, et seq.,- XV.
397 ; XX. 159—colonies, VII. 112—
comitia, 152—tribes, 153—commerce,
157—mines, 159—concubinage, 197
—consuls, 291—crowns, 483—danc¬
ing, 613—theatric declamation, 664
—dials, 759—dictators, VIII. 9—
divorce, 71—draining, 137—drama,
151— dyeing, 296—silk, 300 —stan¬
dard of the eagle, 390—feasts, IX. 497
—funeral rites and orations, X. 258,
259 ; XII. 329—gardens, X. 319—
geographical discoveries, 391—ma¬
thematical knowledge, 4 28—gladia¬
tors, 530 ; II. 668 ; VIII. PI. 195—
glass-manufacture, X. 563—gymnas¬
tics, XI. 94—trade with India, 387—
horsemanship, 607—hunting, 739—
hydrostatical knowledge, XII. 2; III.
320-cruelty to the mullet, XII. 172
—prized the muraana, 224—their
images, 242—sacrifices to the souls
of the dead, 271—informers, 273—
inscriptions, 292—numismatics, ib.;
XIV. 4 63,et seq.—laws against usury,
XII. 322—irrigation, 455—religious
toleration, 573—kissing, 74l_laws,
XIII. 172, 181 (see Civil Law)—lib¬
raries, 289—lotteries, 569—customs
when in love, 578—luxury, 602—
masonry, XIV. 286—mills, 350—me¬
dical jurisprudence, 490—census, XV.
513—woods cut down in Britain by,
572—mourning, 585—nobles, XVI.
236 — painting, 705 —pantomimes,
XVII. 2—origin, 408—language, ib.
(see Latin)—literature, 411—phy¬
siognomists, 576 — poetry, XVIII.
152— neglect of trade and political
economy, 260 ; XIV. 590—couriers,
XVIII. 486—seals, 538—roads. XIX.
298 ; in Britain, XXL 821; IV. 586
— sacrifices, XIH. 604, 605—sculp¬
ture, XX. 8—senate, 90—sesterce,
159—ships, 211—shoes, 299—slavery,
382—want of statistics, 567—know¬
ledge of sugar, 790—surgery, 823—
names of persons, 846—legacy-duties,
XXI. 117—signals, 137—temples, 178
—tombs, 324—triumphs, 388—metv-
sures, 846 ; VII. 200—weights, XXI.
848—woollen-manufactures, 925. See
Roman History, Rome.
romans, French city, XIX. 359.
INDEX,
133
ROM—HOP
Romanus Diogenes, VII, 284—his war
with the Turks, XI. 538.
Romanzovite, specific gravity of, XII. 35.
Romas on tile eleeti'ical nature of light¬
ning, VIII. 618.
Romblon, island, XIX. 359.
Rome (ancient), destitute of academies,
II. 66—amphitheatres in, 668; III.
443 — aqueducts, 317 — streets, 445
^-cloacse, 417 ; V. 269; VI. 765—ar¬
chitecture of, III. 417, 443 —built
of brick, 418—capitol, VI. 123—Had
the houses chimneys? 54 6—era of
its foundation, 654 —circus, 705 —
architectural remains of, III. 444, et
seq., 460, et seq.-—theatres, VlII. 152
—plan of, XIX., PI. CCCCXXXVI.
— (Modern), XIX. 424—Academy
of Lineei, II. 69—Academy of Paint-
ing, 74—Academies of Belles Lettres,
76—alum of, 575—state of the fine
arts at. III. 266—-aqueducts, 318—
dome of St Peter’s, 391, 426; and of
the Farnese palace, 426—architecture
of St Peter’s, ib„ 429, 457-8; XV. 6
-—ancient architectural remains. III.
444, et seq., 460, et Farnese pa¬
lace, 426, 453, 459—pantheon, 443,
444, 4 58 ; XVI. 79 l—temple of Jupi¬
ter Stator, III. 460—catacombs,. VI.
238—centre employed for the nave of
St Peter’s, 284—libraries, XIII. 308-
coins, XV. 408, 411—school of paint¬
ing, XVI. 714—early pi-inting, XVIII.
548 —measures, XXI. 847, 855—
weights, 848, 855.
Romfs de ’Isle (Monsieur), on crystalli¬
zation, VII. 511.
Romford, in Essex, XIX. 439.
Romilly (Sir Samuel), XIX.439—cha¬
racter of, I. 378 ; VIII. 265—his
friendship with Dumont, ib.
Romme on seamanship, XX. 257.
Romney (New), XIX. 439—embank¬
ment of Romney marsh, VIII. 676.
 , painter, XVI. 7 26.
Romorantin, XIX. 439.
Rompee, in heraldry, XIX. 439.
Romsey, in Hants, XIX. 439,
Romulus, XIX. 361.
 Augustulus, XIX. 423.
Rona, island, XIX. 439.
Ronalds (F.), his electrical machine,
VIII. 576 — his electric telegraph,
582, 662—on the electricity of the
air, 615—his pendulum doubler of
electricity, 653—his improvements on
electrometers, 660—his electrograph,
661—his atmospherical conductor,
662.
Roncesvalles, XIX. 439.
Ronda, XIX. 439.
Ronsard (Peter de), XIX. 439--cha-
racter of his poetry, XVIII. 164.
Rood, measure, XIX. 439.
Roof, XIX. 439—arched roofs of Ro¬
man edifices, III. 260—tile-roofs, V.
671—slater’s work, 682—plumber’s
work, 693; XVIII. 62. See Car¬
pentry.
Rook, bird, XVI. 584.
Rook-shooting, XX. 307.
Rooke (Sir George), XIX. 457 ; V. 366,
368—his capture of Gibraltar, 369.
Rooms, proportion and arrangement of,
III. 462.
Roonay, in Bengal, XIX. 458.
Roonhuysen, XX. 829.
Roopnagdr, XIX. 458.
Roopoor, Hindu town, XIX. 458,
Roorterpoor, ’XIX. 439.
Roosting, provision for, XVII. 710.
Roots of plants, V. 31—absorbents in,
III. .55—bark of, 64-—structure of,
87—mode of growth of, 89—nutrition
derived by plants through, 157—rela¬
tion between branches and, XXI. 292-
3—facility with which they seek out
the best localities, 293—functions of,
681.
— (square and cube), extraction of
the, III. 566.
Ropes, XIX. 458 — Coulomb on the
ROP—ROT
stiffness of, VII. 426—shortened by
moisture, XII. Ill—rigidity of, XIV.
417 — use of, in machinery, 446—
strength of, XX. 755, 756.
Rope-making, XIX. 460—at Woolwich,
\III. 89—at Plymouth, 85—rope-ma¬
chine, XIV. 364.
Rope-dancing, VII. 615 ; XIV. 380.
Rophites, insects, IX. 233.
ROque (St), in Spain, XIX. 471.
Rorqual, in zoology, XIV. 186.
Rosa (Salvator), XIX. 471.
Rosacea;, in botany, V. 107.
Rosalgate, XIX. 471.
Rosamond, XIX. 471; XIII. 465.
Rosaria de Cucuta, XVI. 779.
Rosario, in Mexico, XIV. 818.
Rosas, Spanish city, XIX. 471.
 (Monsieur de), V. 660.
Rosbach, battle of, XVIII. 674; XXL
750.
Roschild, Danish town, VII. 725.
Roscius (Q.), XlX. 472; VIII. 152.
Roscoe (William), XIX. 472; VII. 554
—his improvement of Chat Moss, II.
314—on the opportuneness of the in¬
vention of printing, IV. 625.
Roscommon, XIX. 477.
 (W. Dillon, Earl of), XIX. 480.
Rose, in heraldry, XI. PI. CCLXXVII.
 (Hugh), on botany, V. 83.
 of Jericho, XIX. 480.
Rose-window, III. 470.
Roses, V. 107—culture of, XI. 679—es¬
sential oil of, XIX. 480—wars of the,
VIII. 735-9.
Rose®, in botany, V. 107.
Rosehearty, XIX. 481.
Rosellini on ancient Egyptian monu¬
ments, XI. 358.
Rosenau, XIX. 481.
Rosengyn, island, XlX. 481.
Roseto, Italian city, XIX. 481.
Rosetta, XIX. 481; II. 230—attacked
by the British in 1807, VIII. 497—
—trilingual stone of, 560; XI. 306,
316, 338, n.
Rosetti (G. V.), on dyeing, VIII. 296.
Rosicrucians, Sect of philosophers,
XIX. 481; IV. 384 ; VI. 34?.
Rosini (Signor), XI. 269.
Roslin, XIX. 482 ; VIII. 430.
Ross, in Herefordshire, XIX. 482.
—* , or Ross Carbery, in the county
of Cork, XIX. 483 ; VII. 329.
 (A.), his microscope, XV. 28.
 (General), V. 538.
 (Sir John), his arctic voyages of
discovery, X. 757 ; XVIII. 220-2.
Rossano, Academy of, II. 69.
Rossi (M. P.), on punishment, XVIII.
734.
Rossiano, XIX. 483.
Ross-siiiRe, XIX. 483—fisheries of, IX.
601—vitrified fort in, 756.
Rost, German poet, X. 493.
Rostak, in Arabia, XlX. 489.
Rostan (M.), on cerebral disease, XVII.
478, 488, 492—on cancer of the sto¬
mach, 490.
Rostellaria, mollusca, XV, 357.
Rostock, German city, XIX. 489.
Rostow, Russian city, XIX. 489.
Rostra, XIX. 489.
Rostrhamus, bird, XVI. 563.
Rostrum of a ship, XIX. 489.
Rosyngen, IV. 340.
Rot, in sheep, XIX. 489 ; XXL 627.
 (Dry). See Dry Rot.
Rota, XIX. 489.
Rota Aristotelica, XIX. 489.
Rotalia, in conchology, XV. 345.
Rotation, XIX. 490 ; VIII. 387 ; XIV.
353, 454—Atwood on, IV. 188—Lan-
den’s theory of, XIII. 56.
Rotatory steam-engines, XX. 663.
Roth (Dr), botanist, V. 80.
Rotharis, Lombard king, XIII. 466.
RothBury, XIX. 505.
Rothenburg, XIX. 505.
Rothenfels, XIX. 505.
Rother, river, VII. 735—its naviga1;' n,
XVI. 18.
EOT—ROY
Rotherham, XIX. 505.
   Plough, II. 266.
Rothesay, V. 751.
Rothiere (La), battle of, X. 166.
Rothwell, XIX. 505.
Rotondo, XIX. 505.
Rotterdam, XIX. 505.
Rottingdean, XIX. 505.
Rotula. See Patella.
RoUbaix, XIX. 505.
Roubiliac, scftlpture of, XX. 9.
Rouble, Russian coin, XV. 400, 411 ;
XIX. 574, n. 1.
Roucou, HI. 235 ; VII. 706—specific
gravity of, XII. 35.
Roudelet, ichthyologist, XII. 151,
Rouen, in France, XIX. 505—cotton-
manufacture of, VII. 417.
Rouge, VIII. 310.
Rough-cast, V. 681.
Roughness, perception of, XIV. 609.
Rouloul, bird, XVI. 611.
Roum, coast of, IV. 661.
Rounda, Hindu town, XIX. 506.
Roundaft, in ship-building, XX. 278.
Roundelay, XIX. 506.
Roundheads, V. 321.
Round-house, XIX. 506.
Round Table, Knights of the, VI.
612.
Round Towers. See Towers.
Rounds, XIX. 506.
Rous (Sir John), V. 421.
Rouse (Mr), of Leicestershire, pneuma¬
tic experiments of, XVIII. 115.
Rousseau (James), painter, XIX. 506.
  (John Baptist), XIX. 506—1
poetry of, XVIII. 165.
   (John-James), XIX. 507 ; Vlll.
264—on the origin and history of
language, 1.1?4—merits of his Emile,
184—his quarrel with Diderot, VIII.
16—on double employment in music,
123—on education, 440 ; I. 184—his
objection to the right of property,
XVIII. 276 — character of his ro¬
mances, XIX. 354.
RousselaBr, XIX. 509.
Roussette, in zoology, XIV. 99.
Roux (Polydore), on the acrid liquor of
ants, III. 243—on birds, XVI. 551.
RoVEredo, XIX. 509.
Rovigno, XIX. 509.
Rovigo, XIX. 509.
Roving of cotton, X. 557—Smith’s rov¬
ing-machine, XX. 540.
Rowe (Nicholas), XIX. 509—dramatic
works of, VIII. 174.
 (Elizabeth), XIX. 510.
Rowe’s diving-machine, VIII. 63.
Rowel, in farriery, XIX. 510.
Rowell, or Rothwell, XIX. 505.
Rowley (Thomas), XIX. 510 — Chat-
terton’s forged poems of, V. 619 ; VI.
335; XXL 442.
 (William), XIX. 510.
 Regis, XIX. 510.
Rowning (John), XIX. 510.
Roxburgh (Dr William), on the plants
of India, V. 77—on the silk-worms of
India, XX. 352.
 Castle, XIX. 513.
Roxburghshire, XIX. 510.
Roy Bareilly, Hindu town, XIX. 513.
Roy (Monsieur le), his work on Greek
ruins, III. 430.
 (General),his barometrical mea¬
surements, I. 614 ; IV. 399, 400—his
measurement of the difference of lon¬
gitude between Greenwich and Paris,
IX. 549—his map of Scotland, XXI.
351—his share in the trigonometrical
survey of Britain, ib.—his standard
scale, 360.
Royal, XIX. 513.
 , in gunnery, XI. 7S.
—“— Academies, II. 69, et seq.
 Canal, in Ireland, XVI. 23.
 Family, XIX. 513.
 George man-of-war, XX. 227-
sinking of the, V. 422.
Institution, in Edinburgh, VIII.
420.
ROY—KUM
Royal Military Canal, XVI. 18.
 Military College, II. 79.
 Oak, XIX. 514.
 Society, XX. 434 ; XIII. 531-
establishment and influence of, I. 47 ;
IV. 388; XVIII. 72—Sir H. Davy’s
conduct as president of, VII. 642—
library of, XIII. 297.
 Society of Edinburgh, VIII.
420 ; XX. 434.
Roymungul, river, XIX. 514.
Rovston, in Hertford, XIX. 514-
Rozier (Pilatre de). See Pilatre.
Rshow Waldimirow, XIX. 514.
Ruabon, in Wales, XIX. 514.
Ruanelli, in Ceylon, XIX. 514.
Rubber (India). See Caoutchouc.
Rubble walls, V. 074.
Rubens (Sir Peter Paul), XIX. 514 ;
XVI. 703—character of his pictures,
721; III. 648.
Rubiacese, in botany, V. 115.
Rubicon, Italian river, XVII. 5—Caesar’s
passage of the, XIX. 396.
Rubin, island, XIX. 516.
Ruble, Russian coin, XV. 400, 411;
XIX. 574, n. 1.
Rubric, in canon law, XIX. 516.
Rubruquis (W. de), III. 697 ; X.
397.
Ruby, XIX. 516; X. 378—crystalliza¬
tion of, VII. 523—specific gravity of,
XII. 35, 37 —oriental, XV. 155—
spinel, ib.
Ruby-blende, in mineralogy, XV. 170.
Ruby-type, XXL 436.
Rucelleri, VIII. 157.
Ruckert, German poet, XVIII. 168.
Ructation, XIX. 516.
Rudbeck (Olaus), XIX. 516; XVIL
728—his discovery of the distinction
between the lacteals and lymphatics,
II. 698.
Rudberg (Professor), optical experi¬
ments of, XVI. 486.
Rudder, XIX. 516—its action on a ship,
XX. 46, 245—useless in balloons, II.
184.
Ruddiman (T.), XIX. 516 ; XVIII. 555
—his edition of George Buchanan’s
works, V. 633, 718—Chalmers’s Life
of, VI. "09.
Rudding (Rev. Roger), on the coinags
of Britain, VII. 32—on pixing, 53.
Rudgeley, XIX. 516.
Rudiments, XIX. 519.
Rudolp of Hapsburg ,XXI. 43; IV. 219.
Rudolphi on the villi of the ileum, II.
816—on the cells and pores of plants,
III. 59, 68—on intestinal worms, XXL
992, et seq.
Rudolstadt, XIX. 516.
Rudraprayaga, XIX. 519.
Rudyerd (John), XX. 16.
Rue (Charles de la), XIX. 519.
Ruff, bird, XVI. 624.
Ruffe, fish, XII. 169. *
Ruffhead (Dr Owen), XIX. 519.
Ruffus ot Ephesus, his anatomical know¬
ledge, II. 689.
Rufinus, XIX. 519.
Rufus, Roman surgeon, XX. 824.
Rugby, in Warwickshire, XIX. 520.
Rugen, IV. 329.
Rugenwald, XlX. 520.
Ruhnkenius (David), XIX. 520.
Ruib Isle, Xllt. 520.
Rule, XIX. 520.
Rules of Court, XIX. 520.
Rulhiere (Monsieur), on the partition o.
Poland, IV. 312.
Rullion Green, battle of, V. 349.
Rum, XIX. 520—-manufacture of, VIII.
52.
Rumbo, XIX. 520.
Rumbold (Sir Thomas), his gains in
India, V. 430.
Rumelia, coast and ports of, IV. 660.
Rumford (Count). See Thompson (Sir
Benjamin.)
Ruminantia, XIV. 154—their bones,
III. 3, et se?.—muscles, 18—organs of
smell, 21—eves, 24—ears, 25—tongue.
134
INDEX,
RUM—RUS
27—nerrous system, 30—teeth, 33-
oesophagus, 35—stomach, ib.—intes¬
tines, 37—structure, XVII. 708.
Rumination, process of, XVII. 708.
Rump Parliament, V. 332.
Rumsey, XIX. 439.
Rumsey’s steam-boat, XX. G88.
Run or Runn, Hindu morass, XIX. 520;
VII. 563.
Runala, XIX. 521.
Runciman (Alexander), XIX. 521.
Rungpoor, XIX. 522.
Rungpore, XIX. 522 ; III. 707.
Runic, XIX. 522—alphabet, II. 549—
mythology, VIII 410—inscriptions,
XIII. 85. See Danes, Goths.
Runjeet Singh, XI. 440 ; XIII. 20.
Runn (the), XIX. 520 5 VII. 563.
Runner, XIX. 522.
Runnet, or Rennet, XIX. 522.
Running, muscles used in, II. 797.
Runnymede, VIII. 722,
Rupee, XIX. 522; XI. 425, n.; XV.
408, 410-lac of rupees, XIII. 5 ; IV.
764, n.
Rupellaria, in conchology, XV. 342.
Rupert (Prince), XIX. 522; V. 343—
his military operations in England,
324, tt seq.—not the inventor of mez-
zotinto engraving, XV. 2.
Rupert’s Drops, XIX. 522—electrical
flash at the bursting of, VIII. 601.
Rupicola, bird, XVI. 577.
 , in conchology, XV. 342.
Rupnagur, XIX. 522.
Ruppin, XIX. 522.
Rupture. See Hernia.
Ruree, XX. 361.
Ruric, XIX. 527.
Rusa, in zoology, XIV. 160,
Rusciun, river, XIX. 523-
Ruscsuk, Turkish city, XIX. 523.
Ruselius, VII. 285.
Rush (Benj.) XIX. 523; XX. 830.
Rushworth (John), XIX. 524.
Russ, island,.XIX. 525.
Russell (Admiral), V. 366.
 (Dr A.), on the plague, XVII.
773, et seq.
  (John), his account of Beeth¬
oven, IV. 538.
•  (Lord John), his measui’es for
obtaining parliamentai’y reform, V.
553, 556, 558, 578, 581.
•  (Dr Patrick), on inoculation for
small-pox, XII. 283—on the plague,
XVII. 772, ei seg.
■  (Prof.) his air-pump, XVIII. 88
—on the resistance of fluids, XIX.
186—his contrivance for water-pipes,
XXI. 795.
  (William), historian, XIX. 525.
■  , See Bedford.
Russell’s lock, XIII. 406.
Russellville, in Kentucky, XII. 699.
Russia, XIX. 527—statistics of, IX. 416
—history, XI. 484—Imperial Acade¬
my of Sciences, II. 71—Academy of
Arts, 73—American colonies, 648—
geographical discoveries, XVIII. 220,
223, 224 ; in North America, II. 402;
in Asia, III. 697—settlements and
commerce in the Aleutianlsles, 11.406
—army. III. 606—Asiatic commerce,
699—policy of Austria towards, IV.
238—Baltic coast of, 330—Baltic and
Caspian canals, 331—Bible Society,
620—commerce and fleet on the Black
Sea, 662—botanists, V. 79—Armed
Neutrality, 415; VII. 723—designs
against France in 1791, V. 461—com-
mereial intercourse with China, VI. 581
—Cossacks, VII. 383; VIII. 109—cot¬
ton-manufacture, VII. 420—czar,579—
trade with England, VIII. 779—fairs
in, IX. 477—wars with France, X.
113, 5.4.5, 153; V. 486—Napoleon’s
invasion of, X. 154; XV. 731—French
trade with, X. 190—American fur-
trade, 263—hemp, XI. 230—Europe
in no danger from, 4bo—rate of in¬
terest in, XII. 327—trade with Fin-
mark, XJII. 112 — legislation in,
RUS—RZE
192 —libraries, 315 — variation of
the needle in, 733, 736—mines of,
XV. 251, et seq.—history of money
of, 400 — coins of, 408, 411—in¬
land navigation, XVI. 4 — newspa¬
pers, 173 — heights of mountains,
XVII. 505—-‘wars with the Poles,
XVIII. 195, et seq.; with the Prus¬
sians, 673—increase of population,
411—religion, XIX. 316 — Siberia,
XX. 324—invaded by C^istavus Adol¬
phus, XXI. 17—wars with Sweden,
20, et seq.; V. 451—commerce with
Tartary, XXI. 85 — ancient sepul¬
chres, 324—computation of tonnage
of ships, 329—wars with Turkey, 413,
416,417; V. 459; VII. 723—weights
and measures, XXI. 855,847—map of,
XIX. PI. 437 and 438. See Kamts-
chatka, &c.
Russians, their skulls, II. 784—military
character. III. 608—alphabets, II.
548—Bibles, IV. 617—not permitted
to trade with Japan, XII. 522—trade
on the Caspian Sea, XVII. 246—ori¬
gin and language, 420—different class¬
es of, XIX. 579.
Russian Company, VII. 181 ; XIX. 536,
539.
 American Company, II. 406.
Russooa, in Tibet, XIX. 590.
Russoolpoor, XIX. 590.
Rust, XIX. 590.
Rutacese, in botany, V. 104.
Rutese, in botany, V. 104.
Rustic, in architecture, XIX. 590.
 Gods, XIX. 590.
 Work, in building, XIX. 591.
Rustre, in heraldry, XIX. 591; XI.
252.
Rutela, insect, IX. 157.
Ruth, Book of, XIX. 591.
Rutherford (Dr John), his register-ther¬
mometer, I. 647 ; XIV. 725.
 (Mr), his application of clock
work to locks, VI. 784.
Rutherglen, XIX. 591 ; XIII. 50.
Ruthin, XIX- 591—Castle, VII. 717.
Ruthven, Raid of, XIX. 742.
Rutile, in mineralogy, XV. 160—speci¬
fic gravity of, XII. 35.
Rutilite, specific gravity of, XII. 35.
Rutilus, angling for, III. 147.
Rutlamgur, XIX. 591.
Rutlandshire, XIX. 591.
Rutnagiri, XIX. 592.
Rutting season of animals. III. 169 ;
XIV. 156.
Ruttunpore, XIX. 592.
Ruuscher on cochineal, VIII. 307.
Ruysch (Frederick), XIX. 59:2 ; XVII.
728; XX. 829—anatomical discove¬
ries of, II. 699—on birds, XVI. 546
—on the glands, XVII. 648.
Ruysehian membrane in various ani-
. mals, III. 23.
Ruysselede, XIX. 592.
Rutter (M. A. de), XIX. 592 ; V. 343,
344, 347 ; XI. 524,
Ryacotta, Indian town, XIX. 593.
Ryagudd, Hindu town, XIX. 593.
Rychoor, Hindu town, XIX. 593.
Ryde, in the Isle of Wight, XIX. 593;
XXL 882,
Rydiol, river, VI. 137.
Rydroog, Hindu town, XIX. 593.
Rye, in Sussex, XIX. 593.
 , a grain, culture of, II. 282—
constituents of, IV. 300—rye-bread,
IV. 300.
Ryegrass, culture of, II. 291.
Ryehouse Plot, V. 354.
Ryepoor, Hindu town, XIX. 593.
Rylst, Russian city, XIX. 593.
Rymer (Thomas), XIX. 593—his dra¬
matic criticism, VIII. 173-4.
Rynabad, XIX. 594.
Ryots, XIX. 594; XI. 450.
Rypticus, fish, XII. 169.
Ryssonotus, insect, IX. 162.
Ryswick, XIX. 594—peace of, V. 367.
Ryzaena, in zoology, XIV. 119.
Rzeszow, XIX. 594.
SAA—SAD
s
S, letter of the alphabet, XIX. 594.
Saade, Arabian town, XIX. 594.
Saadias’s Arabic Bible, IV. 616.
Saarbruck, Prussian city, XIX. 594.
Saar-Louis, Prussian city, XIX. 594.
Saasa, in Palestine, XIX. 594.
Saatz, Bohemian city, XIX. 594.
Saavedra (Michael de Cervantes), XIX.
594—novels of, 350; I. 96—dramas
of, XVIII. 163.
 (Alvarez de), his visit to Papua,
IV. 211.
Sabacon, king of Egypt, VIII. 466.
Sabaei, III. 340.
Sabagan Islands, XJX. 595.
Sabatier, French surgeon, XX. 829—
his System of Anatomy, II. 704—on
hydrodynamics, XIL 7.
Sabazia, Greek mysteries, XIX. 595.
Sabbatarians, sect, XIX. 595.
Sabbath, XIX. 595—its observance in
England in the reign of James the
First, V. 305.
Sabbath-Breaking, XIX. 599.
Sabbathier (Monsieur), his account of
the Babylonians, IV. 270.
Sabbatiere (AbbO), X. 43.
Sabbatini (G.), XXI. 252.
Sabbea, Arabian town, XIX. 599.
Sabeia, island, XIX. 599.
Sabella, worm, XI. 218.
 , in conchology, XV. 349.
Sabellians, sect, XIX. 599.
Sabians, sect, XIX. 599.
Sabine (Major), on the pendulum, XVII.
202, 204.
Sabinus (George), poet, XIX. 599.
Sabionetta, Italian city, XIX. 600.
Sable, in zoology, XIV. 109 ; XX. 325.
 (Cape), XIX. 600.
 , in heraldry, XIX. 600; XI. 244.
 Island, XVI. 287.
Sables d’ Olonne (Les), XIX. 600.
Sabon, island, XIX. 600.
Sabrao, island, XIX. 600.
Sabre, kind of sword, XIX. 600.
Sa B.ulagh, Persian town, XIX. 600.
1 Sacadina, V. 10.
Sac«a, Babylonian feast, XIX. 600.
Saccharometer, XIX. 600 ; V. 231.
Sacoharum, XIX. 600. See Sugar.
Sacheverel (Dr Henry), XIX. 600..
Sachsenspiegel, code, XII. 650.
Sack, a wine, XIX. 600.
Sackbut, XIX. 600.
Sackville (Charles), XIX. 601.
 (Lord George), V. 385.
 (Lord), V. 419.
  (Thomas), Lord Buckhurst,
XIX. 600—poetry of, XVIII. 169. •
Sacmara, river, XIX. 601.
Sacrament, XIX. 601—bread used at,
V. 214—Popish sacraments, XVIII.
405. See Baptism, Communion,
Eucharist.
 (Congregation of the Holy),
in France, XIX. 601.
Sacramentarians, XIX. 601.
Sacrament ary, XIX. 602.
Sacred, XIX. 602—sacred Majesty, ib.
Sacrifices, XIX. 602—of the North
American Indians, II. 620—by the
ancient Romans to the souls of the
dead, XII. 271.
 (Human), XX. 797—in Ashan-
tee, III. 669—in Dahomey, VII. 587
—by the Druids, VIII. 204—in In¬
dia, XI. 401—in Mexico, XIV. 759.
Sacrilege, XIX. 607.
Sacristan, XIX. 607.
Sacristy, XIX. 607.
Sacrum, human, II, 759, 761.
Sacy, XIV, 46.
 (Isaac le Maitre de), his French
Bible, IV. 616.
—  (Baron Silvestre de), on hiero-
glyphics, XI. 306, 315.
Sadda, XXI. 985.
SAD—SAI
Saddle, XI. 610, 620.
Saddle-galls in horses, XXL 636.
Sadducees, XIX. 607 ; VI. 133.
Sadi, Persian poet, XVII. 253.
Sadler (John), lawyer, XIX. 608.
 (Michael Thomas), XIX. 608.
 (Sir Ralph), XIX. 727.
Sado, island, XIX. 609.
Sadoc, Jewish rabbi, XIX. 609.
Sadolet (James),Italian cardinal, XIX.
609 ; XXL 890.
Sadras, Indian town, XIX. 609.
Safad, in Palestine, XIX. 609.
Safadins, VIII. 486,
Safety-gun, XI. 39.
Safety-lamp, Sir H. Davy’s, XIII. 46;
VII. 641 ; XV. 245.
Safety-plugs of steam-engines, XX. 682.
Safety-valve of steam-engines, XX. 643.
Safflower, dye-stuff, VIII. 310.
Saffron, XIX. 609—colouring^matter
of, VI. 485—used as a dye-stuff, VIII.
321—its culture in Bacoo, XIX. 589.
Saffron-Walden, in Essex, XIX. 609.
Saffy, in Morocco, XIX. 609.
Safia, Arabian river, XIX. 609.
Safra, Arabian town, XIX. 609.
Saga, XVI. 257.
Sagaing, XIX. 609.
Sagan, XIX. 610.
Saganak, in Tartary, XIX. 610.
Saganeer, Hindu town, XIX. 610.
Sagapenum, VI. 491.
Sagara Nacken Bay, XIX. 610.
Sagarawida Bay, XIX. 610.
Sagarelli (Gerhard), III. 293.
Sage (Alain Rene Le), XIX. 610—no¬
vels of, 352, 353.
 (M. Le), on gravitation, I. 135.
 (John), clergyman, XIX. 610.
Sagging of ships, XX, 285.
Sagitta, XIX. 611.
Sagittal suture, II. 782,
Sago, XIX. 611; VI. 477—of Java,
XII. 529.
Sag or, island, XIX 611,
Sagouin, in zoology, XIV. 95.
Sagra, insect, IX. 181.
Sagres, Portuguese town, XIX. 612.
Sagrides, insects, IX. 181.
Saguenay, river, VI. 58.
Sagum, XIX. 612.
Saguntum, XV. 602—taken by the Car¬
thaginians, VI. lOO; XX. 490.
Sahabad, Hindu town, XIX, 612.
Sahara, XIX. 612.
Saharunpore, XIX.613.
Sahlayduh, XIX. 614.
Sahlite, specific gravity of, XII. 35.
Sahwotty, Burmese town, XIX. 614.
Saibgunge, Hindu town, XIX. 614.
Saida, Syrian town, XIX. 614.
Sails of ships, XIX. 614—their height,
&c., XX. 249—inapplicable to bal¬
loons, II. 184—of windmills, XIV.
432, 454—to set, &c. sail, XIX. 614.
Sailing, XIX. 614. See Seamanship.
Sailors, utility of training to, VIII. 25—
impressment of, IX. 21; XII. 255—
desertion of, during war, XIII, 142—
diseases of, XIV. 510—in royal navy,
XVI. 53—discipline of, XX. 58,
Salma, lake, XIX. 565.
Saimiri, in zoology, XIV. 95.
Saint, XIX. 615.
St Andrews. See Andrews (St.)
St Antonio, island, XIX. 615.
St Barbes Isle, XIX. 615.
St Bernardino, straits, XIX. 615.
St Clair, lake, XV. 7.
St George, island, XIX. 615.
St Hilaire (Geottroy), on the torpedo,
VIII. 611.
St Jago, island, XIX. 615. See Jago.
St Jago, town in Paxo, XII. 341.
St Jago de la Vega, XII. 501.
St John (Henry). See Bolingbroke.
St John’s wort, specific gravity of juica
of, XII. 36.
St Michael’s, island, XIX. 615.
St Nicholas, island, XIX. 615.
St Peter and St Paul, XIX. 615; XII.
674—tides at, XXI. 281.
INDEX,
135
SAI—SAL
St Pierre, novels of, XIX. 355.
St Seiivan, French city, XIX. 615.
Sx Sever, in France, XIX. 615.
St Thome, Indian town, XIX. 615.
St Tropes^ French city, XIX. 615.
Saint-Croix (Godin de), a French poi¬
soner, III. 314.
Saint-Cyran on annuities. III. 199.
Saintes, in France, XIX. 615.
 (Dos), islands, XIX. 616.
Saintfoin, culture of, II. 294.
Saipoor, Hindu town, XIX. 616.
Sa’is, monolithic temple at, VIII. 532.
Sajene, Russian measure, XIX. 616.
Sakertoe, Hindu town, XIX. 616.
Saki, in zoology, XIV. 96. *
Sakkar, in Hindustan, XIX. 616.
Sal si Pctedes, XIX. 616.
Sala, Italian city, XIX. 616.
 (Angelus), VI. 347.
Salad, XIX. 616.
Salads, culture of, XI. 674.
Saladillo, river, XVIII. 5.
Saladin, XIX. 616; VIII. 480-3—-his
conquest of part of Arabia, III. 343—
his friendship for Bohaddin, IV. 736
—his war with the crusaders, VII.
485 ; XVI. 756.
Salado (Rio), V. 640.
Salaibskoie, XIX. 616.
Salamanca, in Spain, XIX, 616—battle
of, V. 532.
Salamanders, XIX. 159—vertebrae of,
III. 13—case of one which lived two
months without the head, 163—struc¬
ture of, XVII. 715.
Salame, island, XIX. 617.
Salamis, island, XIX. 617.
Sal-ammoniac, II. 659 ; XV. 138.
Salanx, fish, XII. 200.
Salarius, fish, XII. 192.
Salas (La), V. 14.
Salayr Isle, XIX. 617.
Saleey Forest, XVI. 251.
Saldana (Rio), sulphate of alumina from,
II. 574.
Sale, XIX. 617.
Sales, XIX. 619; XV. 506.
Saleh, VIII. 497.
Salem, in Indiana, XII. 266.
 , in Massachusetts, XIV. 304.
Salemi, Sicilian city, XIX. 617.
Salengore, XIX. 617.
Salep, XIX. 617 ; XI. 732.
Salerno, Italian city, XIX. 617 ; XV.
699—medical school of, XX. 827.
Salford, in Lancashire, XIX. 618.
Sal gem, specific.gravity of, XII. 35.
Saliant, XIX. 618.
Salibabo Isles, XIX. 618.
Salic or Salique Law, XIX. 618.
Salicaria, bird, XVI. 576.
Salicarieae, in botany, V. 108.
Saliceto (Gulielmus de), XX. 827.
Salicin, VI. 470.
Salicinea;, in botany, V. 130.
Salii, priests of Mars, XIX. 618.
Salim, Russian river, XIX. 618.
Salina, island, XIX. 618 ; XIII. 370.
Salinas on melody, XV. 619.
Salines, French city, XIX. 618.
Salisbury, XIX. 618—cathedral of, III.
422, 455 ; XXI. 891^-rSpire of cathe¬
dral, III. 388—Salisbury and South¬
ampton canal, XVI. 18.
 Plain, XXI. 891—trigonometri¬
cal base on, 355.
Saliva, XIX. 619 ; II. 805 ; XVII. 627
—chemical character of, VI. 495.
Salivahana, era of, VI. 664.
Salivary glands, II. 804 ; XVII. 663.
Salivation, in medicine, XIX. 619.
Salivin, VI. 495.
Salix, XIX. 619. See Willow.
Sallawatty, island, XIX. 619.
Sallee, XIX. 619 ; XV. 506.
Salleeolakit, XIX. 619.
Sallenders in horses, XXI. 636.
Sallian, Persian city, XIX. 619.
Sallin on poisons, XIV. 492.
Sallo (Denis de), XIX. 619.
Salluna, Hindu town, XIX. 619.
Sallustics (C. Crispus), Roman histo-
S
SAL
rian, XIX. 619—character of his style,
XVII. 413.
Salluzzo, XIX. 620.
Sally-Ports, XIX. 620.
Salmasius (Claudius), XIX. 620; XL
312—on baptism, IV. 353—his con¬
troversy with Milton, XV. 97.
Salmo, XII. 204. See Salmon.
 Alpinus, angling for, HI. 144.
 Fario, angling for, III. 138.
 Ferox, angling for, III. 142.
 Salvelinus, angling for. III. 144.
 Thymallus, angling for, III. 144.
Salmon, XII. 204; IX. 592—when unfit
for food, 726—angling for, III. 137.
Salmon-fishery, IX. 600 ; XVI. 525—in
the Baltic, IV. 826—Devonshire, VII.
745—Dumbartonshire, VIII. 259—
the Forth, XX. 730—Ireland, XII.
410—the Tweed, IV. 598.
Salmon-roe, its use in trout-fishing, III.
142.
Salmon’s reaping-machine, II. 270.
Salmonidse, fishes, XII. 203.
Salo, Italian town, XIX. 620.
 Bay, in Java, XIX. 620.
Salona, XIX. 620.
Salonica, XIX. 620 ; X. 730.
Saloon, Hindu town, XIX. 620.
Saloor, Hindu town, XIX. 620.
Salop. See Shropshire.
Salopar, in Ceylon, XIX. 623.
Salpa.'mollusca, XV. 371.
Salpingus, insect, IX. 167.
Salpinx, XIX. 623.
Salsette, island on coast of Hindustan,
XIX. 623—caves of, XII. 691.
Salsify, XI. 670.
Salt, XIX. 624—in chemistry, VI. 444
—in mineralogy, XV. 137—analysis
of, VI. 352 ; difficult, and why, 357
—frigorific power of, VII. 60, 62—
crystallization of, 505—efflorescence
of, in various countries, 510—in plants,
XXI. 570—saline secretions of human
body, XVII. 651.
 (Sea or Common), XIX. 624—
its use as a manure, II. 305; and in
tile manufacture of chloride of lime,
IV. 682—abundant in Barbary, 361
—cattle fond of, V. 645—mountain of,
at Cardona, VI. 139—alimentary qua¬
lities of, VIII. 21—a preventive of
dry rot, 231—consumption of, in Eng¬
land, 769—its effects on vegetation,
IX. 433—considered as a condiment,
XVII. 625—of the Sahara, XIX. 612,
613—destroys intestinal worms, XXI.
991—saltness of the ocean, XVII. 518
— salting of food, IX. 732.
Salt-deserts of Persia, XVII. 242.
Salt-duty in India, XI. 459—in France,
XXL 123.
Salt-lakes, XVII. 522—in Buenos Ayres,
V. 641-2—in Russia, XIX. 587.
Salt-manufacture, VII. 511—of Bavaria,
IV. 459 — Bengal, 568—Droitwich,
XXI. 939 ; VIII. 200—Durham, 290
—France, X. 179—Spain, XII. 460—
Wiirtemberg, XXI. 946.
Salt-mines, XIX. 624—of Bogota, IV.
733 — Brazil, V. 208, 199 —Britain,
XV. 248—Cheshire, VI. 510—Eng¬
land, VIII. 769—Europe, IX. 410;
XV. 252—Hungary, IV. 230—North-
wich, XVI. 256—Persia, XVII. 243—
Russia, XIX. 567—Tibet, XXI. 256-
Transylvania, 346—Wieliczka, 881.
Salt-plain in Abyssinia, II. 60.
Salt-Spring's, XIX. 627 ; XVII. 528—
of Cheshire, VI. 510—Droitvvich, VIII.
200 — Durham, 290 — Staffordshire,
XX. 558—the United States of Ame¬
rica, XXI. 454.
Salt (Valley of), XIX. 627.
Salting of food, IX. 732.
Salt (Mr), his travels in Abyssinia, 11.57,
58—on hieroglyphics, 542; XI. 347
—his Egyptian discoveries, VIII. 558.
Saltash, Cornish town, XIX. 627.
Saltcoats, in Ayrshire, XIX. 627.
Saltpetre, or Nitre, XIX. 627 ; XV.
1-38—cooling with, VII. 59, 62—an
SAL—SAM
ingredient of gunpowder, XI. 77, 78
—specific gravity of, XII. 33—coloured
rings in, XVI. 481.
Salta, in La Plata, XVIII. 8.
Saltator, bird, XVI. 571.
Saltatoria, insects, IX. 191.
Salter (T, F.), on trolling for pike, III.
145, 146.
Salters and colliers formerly slaves in
Scotland, XX. 383.
Saltholm, island, IV. 328.
Salticus, arachnides. III. 364.
Saltier, in heraldry, XI. 250.
Saltskammer, XIX. 627.
Saluem, river, IV. 240.
Salum, XX. 93.
Salute, XIX. 629.
Salvador (St), or Bahia, XIX. 627 ;
XI. 18. See Bahia.
 , in Guatimala, XI. 17, 18.
Salvation, XIX. 628.
Salverte on meteorolites, XIV. 714.
Salviani, ichthyologist, XII. 151.
Salvianus, XIX. 628.
Salving of sheep, II. 334.
Salwathy, island, XIX. 629.
Salzburg, XIX. 629.
Salzwedel, Prussian city, XIX. 629.
Samadong, in Java, XIX. 629.
Samak, island,*XIX. 629.
Samana, Hindu town, XIX. 629.
Samanap, in Madura, XIX. 629.
Samand, Hindu town, XIX. 629.
Samaneans, magicians, XIX. 629.
Samano, VII. 100.
Samar, island, XIX. 630.
Samara, XIX. 630—in botany, V. 48.
Samarang, in Java, XIX. 630.
Samarcand, XIX. 630—cultivation of
. astronomy at, III. 735.
Samaria, in Palestine, XIX. 631; XVI.
741, 742, 750.
Samaritans, XIX. 631; XL 487.
Samaritan alphabet, II. PI. 19—Bible,
IV. 615—language, XIII. 83—Pen¬
tateuch, XII. 692 ; XVII. 363 ; XIX.
789.
Samaulies, II. 232'; IX. 378.
Samavat, Syrian town, XIX. 632.
Sambacca, in Sicily, XIX. 632.
Sambah, Hindu town, XIX. 632.
Sambar Point, XIX. 632.
Sambass, XIX. 632; V. 10, 11—its
trade with Singapore, XX. 367.
Sambaya, river, XIX. 632.
Sambelong Islands, XIX. 632.
Samber, Hindu town, XIX. 632.
Sambhar Cape, XIX. 632.
Samboangan, XIX. 632.
Sambor, in Austria, XIX. 632.
Sambuca, XIX. 632.
Sambuceae, in botany, V. 115.
Samiel wind, XVII. 541.
Samman, Arabian town, XIX. 632.
Samneh, temple of, XVI 297.
Samnite war, XIX. 382.
Samogitia, in Poland, XIX. 632.
Samoieda, in Russia, XIX. 632.
Samoieds. See Samoyedes.
Samojedic languages, XIII. 92.
Samolus highly esteemed by the Druids,
VIII. 208.
Samon, island, XIX. 632.
Samos, island, XIX. 632—reduced by
the Athenians, IV. 153.
Samoyedes, XIX. 633; IX. 410.
Sampanmango Cape, XIX. 634.
Sampit, in Borneo, XIX. 634.
Sampoo, island, XIX. 634.
Samrongur, Hindu town, XIX. 634.
Samsoe, island, XIX. 634 ; IV. 328.
Samson, XIX. 634.
Samson’s Post, in a ship, XIX. 634.
Samsoon, sea-port, XIX. 634.
Samuel (Books of), XIX. 634.
 , Bulgarian king, VII. 282.
 (Walter), his improvement of the
thrashing-machine, II. 352; XIV. 431.
Samulcotta, XIX. 634.
Samur, Persian river, XIX. 634.
Samus, XII. 341.
Samydese, in botany, V. 127.
San, Chinese river, XIX. 634.
SAN
San-benito, XII. 289.
San del Bose, island, IX. 634.
San JosS, in Guatimala, XIX. 19.
San Juan, in Porto-Rico, XVIII. 457.
 , in La Plata, XVIII. 7.
 , river, II. 651, 652.
 , Nelson’s expedition against,
XVI. 82.
San Leon, de Nicaragua, XI. 19.
San Lucar de Barrameda, XIX. 634.
San Luis, in La Plata, XVIII. 7.
 Potosi, in Mexico, XIV. 816.
San Martin (General), VI. 551, et se<].
San Palot, island, XIX. 634.
San Paulo, XVII. 159—Jesuits’college
in, V. 190, et seq.—climate of, 200—
population of province of, 201.
San Salvador. See Salvador.
San Sebastian, Spanish city, XIX. 634 ;
XX. 60—captured by the British un¬
der Wellington, V. 534.
Sana, Arabian city, XIX. 634.
Sanadon (Noel Etienne), XIX. 634.
Sanashygotta, XIX. 635.
Sanballat, XIX. 635.
Sancerre, XIX. 635 ; VI. 75.
Sanchez (Frangois), XIX. 635.
Sancho, king of Portugal, XVIII. 464.
Sancho-el-Mayor, XX. 496.
Sanchoniatho, XIX. 635 ; XII. 290 ;
XVII. 429 — Bishop Cumberland’s
translation of, VII. 540.
Sancot, Hindu town, XIX. 637.
Sancroft (William), XIX. 637.
Sanctification, XIX. 638.
Sanction, ^flX. 638.
Sanctorius, or Sanctorio, XIX. 638—
his invention of the thermometer. I.
640 ; IV. 392—his experiment on the
heat of the moon’s rays, VII. 749.
Sanctuary, XIX. 638—sanctuaries in
Scotland, 757.
Sand, XIX. 638 — fixing of blowing
sands, II. 315; VIII. 678—used in
blasting, IV. 677 ; in compounding
mortar, XIV. 288—its encroachment
on fertile land, XVI. 776.
Sand-banks, formation of, VIII. 193.
Sand-crack, XXL 620.
Sand-eel, XII. 227.
Sand-piper, bird, XVI. 623, 625.
Sand-smelt, fish, XII. 192.
Sand-Stone, XIX. 638—old and new
red, in geology, XV. 197, 200.
Sanda, Hindu town, XIX. 638.
Sandal, XIX. 638.
Sandal-wood, VIII. 332 ; XI. 381.
Sandanah Cape, XIX. 638.
Sandaric,.specific gravity of, XII. 35.
Sandarlie, in Asia Minor, XIX. 638.
Sandbach, in Cheshire, XIX. 638.
Sandec, in Austria, XIX. 638.
Sandel, island, XIX. 638.
Sandelwood Isle, XIX. 638.
Sandemanians, XIX. 638.
Sanderling, bird, XVI. 624.
Sanders, a brown dye-stuff, VIII. 332.
Sandford (Sir D.), on Pindar’s poems,
XVIII. 151.
Sandhurst, Military College at, II. 79.
Sanding Isles, XIX. 639.
Sandomir, in Poland, XIX. 639.
Sandpu, river, XIX. 639.
Sandusky, town in Ohio, XVI. 330.
 , river, XVI. 326.
Sandwich, in Kent, XIX. 639.
 , island, XIX. 639.
  Islands, XIX. 639; XVIII.
319—bread-fruit of, V. 212—Cook’s
discovery of, VII. 301—volcanoes in,
XVII. 514.
 (Lord), V. 408.
Sandy, Hindu town, XIX. 640.
Sandy Desert, XIX. 640.
Sandy Island, XIX. 640.
Sandys (Sir Edwin), XIX. 640.
 (George), XIX. 640.
—■ on Palestine, XVI. 739, et seq.
Sang (Edward), on sea-lights, XX. 24.
Sanga, Japanese sea-port, XIX. 640.
Sangala taken by Alexander the Great,
XIII. 636.
Sangallo, architect, III.426.
136
INDE X
SAN—SAP
— cotton-manufacture, YU. 419 —
Charlemagne’s invasion, X. 8—silver-
mines, XY. 255—coins, 408, 411—
Sangamsere, XIX. 640.
Sanganeer, Hindu town, XIX. 640.
Sangar, Hindu town, XIX. 640.
Sangara, Hindu town, XIX. 641.
Sangrarah, Hindu town, XIX. 641.
Sangir, island, XIX. 641.
Sangonia, African town, XII. 759.
Sanguification, XVII. 582, 633.
Sanguine, in heraldry, XI. 244.
 Temperament, XVII. 696; XXI.
173.
Sanguinolaria, mollusca, XV. 341.
Sanguisorbese, in botany, V. 107.
Sanguisuga, worm, XI. 225.
Sanger, Hindu town, XIX. 641.
Sanhedrim, XIX. 641; XII. 571.
Sanjore, Hindu town, XIX. 642.
Sankan, Arabian town, XIX. 642.
Sankey Brook navigation, XVI. 18.
Sanmichele, his merits as an architect,
III. 426.
Sannazarius (James), XIX. 642.
Sanok, in Austria, XIX. 642.
Sanquhar, Scotch town, XIX. 642 —
Crawick mill near, VIII. 262.
 (Lord), execution of, VI. 616.
Sansanding, IV. 336.
Sanscrit alphabet, II. 549—literature,
V. 179—language, I. 204 5 XIII. 81;
XVII. 379, 383, 386—its prevalence
in the languages of the Indian Archi¬
pelago, III. 692.
Sansovino, his merits as an architect,
III. 426.
Santa Anna (General), XIV. 792.
Santa Catalina, island, XIX. 642.
Santa Catharina, in Brazil, XIX. 642.
Santa Cruz, islands of that name,
XIX. 643 ; IV. 213; XXI. 660.
 , in Morocco, XV. 508.
 , in Teneriffe, VI. 74—Blake’s
attack on, IV. 673.
 , Patagonian river, XVII. 118.
Santa Fe, Spanish city, XIX. 643.
Santa Fe de Guanaxuato, XI. 13.
Santa Fe, a town in New Mexico, XIV.
820.
Santa Fe, in La Plata, XVIII. 7.
Santa Fe de Bogota, capital of New
Granada, XIX. 643; IV. 731.
Santa Maura, XII. 341.
Santal, specific gravity of, XII. 35.
Santalacese, in botany, V. 128.
Santaleae, in botany, V. 128.
Santander, Spanish city, XIX. 643.
 (General), IV. 742; VII. 100, et
seq.
 (M. de la Serna;, on the origin
of printing, IV. 623—on early printed
books, 624.
Santarem, XIX. 643.
Santeuil (Jean Baptiste de), XIX. 643.
Santiago, Spanish city, XIX. 643—ca¬
pital of Chili, 644; VI. 538—pro¬
vince of La Plata, XVIII. 8.
Santillana (Marquis of), character of his
poetry, XVIII. 162.
Santiponte, Spanish town, XIX. 644.
Santipore, in Bengal, XIX. 644.
Santo (Andrea del), his style of painting,
XVI. 713.
Santorin, Greek island, XIX. 644.
Santorini, his anatomical discoveries, II.
701—tubercles of, 805.
Santos, XVII. 161.
Santur, XIX. §44.
Saone, French river, XIX. 644.
 (Upper), in France, XIX. 644.
  and Loire, a department of
France, XIX. 645.
Saoud, a Wahaby chief, III. 344.
Sap of plants, XIX. 645—its qualities
in bark and leaves. III. 51—its irregu¬
lar movements and lateral motion, 65
—motion of, 157—Coulomb on circu¬
lation of, VII. 428—circulation of,
XXI. 571; in trees. III. 50; XXI.
290—its qualities, and changes in the
leaves from the agency of the air, 574;
and of light, 577.
SAP—SAR
Sap-vessels of plants, III. 44, 46, 50;
XXL 570.
Sap, in sieges, XIX. 645.
Sapagenum, specific gravity of, XII. 35.
Sapajou, in zoology, XIV. 93,95—brain
of, larger in proportion to the body
than that of man, but destitute of
convolutions, III. 163.
Saparoua, island, XIX. 645
Sapata, island, XIX. 645.
Saperda, insect, IX. 180.
Saphet, XIX. 609.
Sapindaeeae, in botany, V. 102.
Sapor, or Sapores, king of Persia, XVII.
261—his embassy to Constantinople,
VII. 265—his war with the emperor
Constantins, 27 6.
Sapoteae, in botany, V. 119.
Sappan, river, XIX. 645.
Sappers and Miners, of the royal artil¬
lery, XIX. 645 ; IX. 777.
Sapphira, XIX. 645.
Sapphire, XV. 155; X. 378—crystalli¬
zation of, VII. 523—specific gravity
of, XII. 35—lenses of, XV. 30.
Sappho, XIX. 645—character of the
poetry of, XVIII. 151.
Sapromyza, insect, IX. 285.
Sapy Straits, XIX. 645.
Sapyga, insect, IX. 229.
Sapygites, insects, IX. 229.
Saraband, dance, XIX. 645.
Sarabat, river, XIX. 645.
Saracens, Arabians, or Moors, XIX.
645—destruction of their power in
Spain, II. 22—their wars with the
Boman emperors, VII. 282, et seq.—
their conquests, XI. 480—their con¬
quest of Spain, and history of their
kingdoms there, XX. 493-8—expul¬
sion from Spain, 498, 503—its condi¬
tion under them, 499—their revolt
there in the 16th century, 502. See
Arabians, Moors.
Saracenic architecture. III. 421 — in
Spain, 423.
Saragossa, or Zaragoza, in Spain, XXI.
974; III. 373.
Sarangpoor, XIX. 645.
Sarangur, Hindu town, XIX. 645.
Sarapilly, Hindu town, XIX. 646.
Sarapis, Egyptian deity, VIII. 554.
Saratoga, Bourgoyne’s disaster at, V.
404—springs of, XVI. 183.
Saratov, XIX. 646.
Sarawan, XIX. 646.
Sarbatchou Saha, XIX. 646
Sarbo, island, XIX. 646
Sarcasm, in rhetoric, XIX. 646
Sarchad, Syrian town, XIX. 646
Sarcobase, in botany, V. 49.
Sarbocarp, in botany, V. 47.
Sarcocolla, sp. gr. of, XII. 35.
Sarcophaga, insects, IX. 283
Sarcophagus, XIX. 646.
Sarcoramphus, bird, XVI. 558.
Sardanapalus, XIX. 646 ; III. 717.
Sardinia, XIX. 646—reduced by the
Romans, VI. 191—French trade with,
X. 189—language of, XIII. 88—coins,
XV. 408, 411—weights and measures
XXL 855 — map of, XII. PI. 319.
See Valdenses.
 (Kingdom of), XIX. 646 ; XII.
477—army of, III. 612.
Sardis, or Sart, XIX. 651—battle of,
XIII. 609.
Sardonius Rises, XIX. 651.
Sardonyx, XIX. 651; V. 786—specific
gravity of, XII. 35.
Sarpend, in Palestine, XIX. 651
Sargus, insect, IX. 271.
—  , fish, XII. 176.
Sarhaut, Hindu town, XIX. 651.
Sari, Persian town, XIX. 651.
Sarlat, in France, XIX. 651.
Sarmatians, XVII. 420—Constantine’s
war with the, VIx. 271.
Sarmatta Isle, XIX. 651.
Sarno, Italian city, XIX. 651
Saropoda, insects, IX. 134.
Saros, in chronology, XIX. 651.
Saros-Patak, XIX. 651.
SAR—SAU
Sarowy, Hindu town, XIX. 651.
Sarraceniacece, in botany, V. 96.
Sarrasin, French city, XIX. 651.
Sarrebourg, in France, XIX. 651.
Sarreguemines, XIX. 651.
Sart, in Asia Minor, XIX. 651.
Sartene, in Corsica, XIX. 651.
Sarthe, in France, XIX. 651.
Sartine (M. de), X. 38; XVIII. 253.
• Islands, XIX. 652.
Sarum (Old), in Wilts, XIX. 652.
 (New). See Salisbury.
Sarun, in Bahar, XIX. 652.
Sarzeau, French city, XIX. 652.
Saseram, Hindu town, XIX. 652.
Sashes, in military dress, XIX. 652.
 ,injoinery, V.689—glazingof, 694.
Sasnee, Hindu town, XIX. 652.
Sasram, island, XIX. 652.
Sassafras, specific gravity of, XII. 35.
Sassanian dynasty in Persia, XVII. 261.
Sassari, Sardinian city, XIX. 652.
Satalia, in Asia Minor, XIX. 652.
Satan, prominence given to him by the
Roman Catholics, III. 298. See Devil.
Satanagur, Hindu town, XIX. 652
Satarah, Hindu town, XIX. 652.
Sataspes, voyage of, X. 389.
Satellite, island, XIX. 653.
Satellites of Jupiter, I. 491, 670 ; IV.
32, 35, 37, 60—of Saturn, 34, 36, 37
— of Uranus, 34, 37—orbits of the
satellites, 35.
Satgong, in Bengal, XIX. 653.
Satimangalum, XIX. 653
Satin-bird, XVI. 568.
Satire, Roman, XVIII. 154.
Satirists, the most eminent compared,
VIII. 225-6.
Satteram, Hindu town, XIX. 653.
Sattiaveram, XIX. 653.
Saturday, XIX. 653—origin of the
word, XVIII. 337.
Saturn, planet, XIX. 653; IV. 33;
XI. 765—inequalities of, III. 752—
ring of, IV. 3'3—satellites of, 34, 36,
37—variations in its orbit, 59.
 , in chemistry, XIX. 653.
 , in heraldry, XIX. 653.
 , Pagan deity, XIX. 653.
Saturnalia, festival, XIX. 653
Saturnia, insect, IX. 246.
Saturnine, XIX. 653.
Satyavrata, or Menu, XIX. 653
Satyrs, demi-gods, XIX. 653.
Satyrus, insect, IX. 242
Saul, XIX. 653 ; XII. 567
Saul-wood of India, XXL 300, 301.
Sault de St Marie, XV. 8.
Saumaise. See Salmasius.
Saumur, in France, XIX. 653.
Saunders’ Island, XIX. 653.
  — (red), VI. 483.
 (Dr W.), on cinchona, VI. 698.
Saunderson (Dr Robert), XIX. 653. *
—‘ (Dr Nicholas), mathematician,
XIX. 654 ; I. 597 ; IV. 701.
Sauria, reptiles, XIX. 132—their struc¬
ture, XVII. 713—bones. III. 13, et
seq.—vocal organs, 29.
Saurin (James), preacher, XIX. 654.
  (Joseph), geometrician, XIX.
656—on the calculus, IX. 637—on
mathematics, XIV. 321.
Saururese, in botany, V. 130.
Saurus, fish, XII. 213.
Saussure (H. B. de), XIX. 657 — on
the cuticle of plants, III. 67—his ac¬
count of two albinos, II. 382—his
ascent of Mont Blanc, 562; and ob¬
servations on its height, IV. 401—
on the carbonic acid of the atmo¬
sphere, 136—his analysis of sugar, V.
247—on the temperature »of the air
at different altitudes, VI. 752—his
cyanometer, VII. 572 ; XIV. 740 ;
XVII. 530—on electricity, VIII. 573,
604, 609, 615, 617—his electrometer,
656—on evaporation, IX. 425—his
hygrometer, XII. 112, 120—on vege¬
table physiology, XXI. 568, et seq.
Saussurite, specific gravity of, XII.
35.
SAU—SAX
Sautgur, Indian town, XIX. 658.
Sauve-gardes, reptiles, XIX. 139.
Sauveur (Joseph), French mathemati¬
cian, XIX. 658—on harmony,XI. 151.
Sava, Persian town XIX. 658.
Savage, XIX. 658—Lord Karnes and
Rousseau on the savage state, VIII.
91—susceptibility of savages of plea¬
sure and pain, XVIII. 55. See Ame¬
rican Indians, &c.
 Island, XIX. 658.
 *—(Richard), XIX. 658; XVIII.
403, n.—his intimacy with Dr John¬
son, XII. 596—poetry of, XVIII. 172.
Savannah, XIX. 660; X. 469, 470
Savannah-le-Mar, XII. 501.
Savaria (Marquis of), V. 386.
Savaroni, XI. 269.
Savary (James), a French writer 021
trade, XIX. 660.
  (M.), French traveller, XIX.
660—on the formation of the Delta
of Egypt, VIII. 507.
  (Monsieur), on electro-magnet¬
ism, VIII. 574 ; XXL 684.
  (Servington), his double-image
micrometer, XV. 14.
 (Capt. Thomas), his condensing
steam-engine, X. 554; XX. 616—its
employment to turn machinery, 620
—his revolving steam-engine, 621.
Save, German river, XIX. 660.
Savenay, in France, XIX. 660.
Savendroog, a Hindu fortress, XIX.
660; V. 462; XI. 429.
Saverne, in France, XIX. 660.
Savi (Professor), on the cohabitation of
the ant and grasshopper, III. 242—
on birds, XVI. 551, 580, 597, 611.
Savigliano, Italian city, XIX. 660.
Savignano, Italian town, XIX. 660.
Savigny on the capitularies, VI. 123—
on the Roman law, 719—on law, XIII.
178, 183, 197.
Savile (Sir George), Marquis of Hali¬
fax, XIX. 661 ; V. 360, et seq.
Saville (Sir Henry), XIX. 661.
 — (Capt.), his visit to Solomon’s
Islands, IV. 213 ; and to New Zea¬
land, 215.
Savings-Banks, XIX. 662—in Ireland,
XII. 411—Paris, XVII. 79—Kent
and Sussex, XVIII. 385—Scotland,
XIX. 766—Switzerland, XXL 51.
Saviour, XIX. 662.
Savona, Italian city, XIX. 662.
Savonarola (Jerome), XIX. 662.
Savoy, XIX. 648—agriculture in, 649
 —.cabbage, XI. 667.
Savu, island, XIX. 662.
Saw, XIX. 662—manufacture of sur¬
gical saws, VII. 567.
Saw-fish, XII. 234.
Saw-flies, IX. 217.
Saw mills, XIX. 663 ; VIII. 83.
Saw-wort, yellow dye-stuff, VIII. 321.
Sawardin, XIX. 664.
Sawbridgeworth, XIX. 664
Sawyer’s work, V. 691.
Saxe (Maurice, Count of), general,
XIX. 664 ; V. 380.
Saxe-Altenburg, XIX. 665.'
Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, XIX. 665.
Saxe -Meiningen- Hildburghausen,
German duchy, XIX. 666.
Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach, XIX. 666.
.Saxicava, in conchology, XV. 342.
Saxicola, bird, XVI. 575.
Saxifragaceas, in botany, V. 113.
Saxifrage®, in botany, V. 113.
Saxmundham, in Suffolk, XIX. 666.
Saxo-Grammaticus, XIX. 666.
Saxon architecture in England, III. 454
—Bibles, IV. 617—Heptarchy, VIII.
701—language, IX. 38 ; XIII. 85, 86
—law, XII. 651,
Saxons, their conquest of England, V.
295,302—idolatry, XVIII. 337—settle¬
ment in Scotland, XIX. 697—boats,
XX. 213.
Saxon-green, dyeing of, VIII. 333, 334.
Saxon-blue, dyeing of, VIII. 327.
Saxony, XIX. 667—army of, HI. 609
INDEX,
137
SAX—SCA
porcelain, XYIII. 433-4—ravaged by
Tilly, XXI. 18—war with Charles
XII. of Sweden, 22-—weights and mea¬
sures, 855—wool, 921.
Saxton (Hr), his magneto-electric ma¬
chine, XXI. 692.
Say (M.), on money, XV. 386.
Say’s stereometer, XII. 24.
Sayanskie Mountains, in Siberia, XIX.
671; XX. 326.
Sayers (Dr), on pleasure, XVIII. 53.
Saymbkumbacum, XIX. 671.
Saypan, island, XIX. 671.
Scab, in sheep, XII. 293, 636.
Scad, fish, XII. 186. ,
Scaavoleae, in botany, V. 117.
Scaffold, bricklayer’s, V. 667.
Scalaria, mollusca, XV. 347.
Scalding, death from, XIV. 499.
Scalds, poets, XIX. 671.
Scale, XIX. 671—in music, ib.; XV.
610—scales of force, velocity, accele¬
ration, time, &c., VIII. 375.
Scalene Triangle, XIX. 671.
Scaliger (Julius Ccesar), XIX. 671.
 (Joseph Justus), XIX. 672 ; V.
160, n. 1—derives the Greek letters
from the Phoenician, II. 546—collec¬
tions of anecdotes of, 674—his vanity
and dogmatism, 675—Julian Period
proposed by, VI. 9—on the quadra¬
ture of the circle, XX. 553.
Scallops, XV. 373.
Scalp, muscles of the, II. 794.
Scalping, XIX. 672.
Scalops, in zoology, XIV. 103.
Scaly-lizard, XIV. 144.
Scammony, VI. 491—sp. gr. of, XII. 35.
Scamozzi, architect, III. 426.
Scampirro, fish, XII. 182.
SCANDAKIEH, XIX. 672.
Scanderbeg, XIX. 672 ; XXI. 412.
Scanderia, II. 409.
Sc and ero on, XIX. 672; II. 408.
Scandinavia, XIX. 672; XVI. 257—
mythology of, XV. 683 — romances
of, XIX. 329. See Runic.
Scandinavians, XIX. 672 ; XI. 396 —
origin of jury trial among the, XII.
650—idolatry of the, XVIII. 337—
suicide probably common among the,
XX. 798.
Scanning, XIX. 674.
Scansores, birds, XVI. 594.
Scantling, XIX. 674.
Scape-Goat, XIX. 674.
Scapement, XIX. 674—of docks, VI.
768, et Seq.—of watches, 789.
Scapes, in botany, V. 40.
Scaphidites, insects, IX. 148.
Scaphidium, insect, IX. 148.
Scaphites, mollusca, XV. 345.
Scaphoid bone, II. 791.
Scaphura, insect, IX. 192.
Scapolite, XV. 153—sp. gr. of, XII. 35.
Scapula, II. 786; XVII. 617—in the
mammalia, III. 8—in birds, 13—in
reptiles, 15.
 (John), XIX. 674.
 (Ostorius), V. 298.
Scapular, XIX. 674.
Scarabseides, insects, IX. 152.
Scarabieus, insect, IX. 156.
Scarba, whirlpool of Coryvreckan near,
VII. 382.
Scarborough, XIX. 674.
Scardona, XIX. 675.
Scarf-skin, II. 750.
Scarfing, in carpentry, V. 683; VI. 166.
Scarification, XIX. 675,
Scaritcs, insects, IX. 119.
Scaritides, insects, IX. 119.
Scarlet, mode of dyeing wool, VIII. 312;
silk, 316; cotton, 319
Scarp, XIX. 675.
Scarpa (Antonio), XIX. 675—on the
structure of bone, II. 742—his surgi¬
cal improvements, XX. 830.
Scarus, fish, XII. 196.
Scarron (Paul), XIX. 675; XIV. 45—
his gaiety under suffering, XVIII. 56.
Scatophaga, insects, IX. 285.
Scatopse, insect, IX. 263.
SCA—SCH
Scaurus, insect, IX. 163.
Seearston, battle of, VIII. 707.
Sceaux, in France, XIX. 676.
Scene, XIX. 67 6.
Scenery introduced upon the stage by
iEschylus, VIII. 144.
SCENOGRAPHY, XIX. 676.
Scenopinii, insects, IX. 278.
Scenopinus, insect, IX. 278.
Sceptic, XIX. 676—description of, by
Bishop Earle, I. 51.
Sceptical sect of ancient philosophers,
XVII. 431.
Scepticism, Glanvil on, X. 533—histo¬
rical, III. 265.
Sceptre, XIX. 677.
SCHAFFHAUSEN, XIX. 677.
Schamachi, XIX. 678.
Schanck Cape, XIX. 678.
SCHANTARSKIJA, XIX. 678.
Scharebsje, island, XIX. 678.
Schasburg, Austrian city, XIX. 678.
SCHAUENBURG, XIX. 678.
Schauenburg-Lippe, XIX. 678.
Schazk, Russian city, XIX. 678.
Scheche Sure, island, XIX. 678.
Scheduan, XIX. 678.
Schedule, XIX. 678.
Scheele (C. W.), XIX. 678—his expe¬
riments on heat, I. 646—on the com¬
position of the atmosphere, IV. 134—
his chemical discoveries, VI. 350 ;
IV. 679.
Schefer (L.), German poet, XVIII. 168.
Schehallion, Scotch mountain, XVII.
289—attraction of, XV. 583.
Scheiner (Christopher), XIX. 680—on
the sun’s spots, III. 778—on optics,
XVI. 359.
Scheldt, river, XIX. 680—navigation
ofthe, X. 77.
Schelestadt, XIX. 680.
Schelley, fish, XII. 211.
Schelling’s system of philosophy, I.
200-1.
Scheme, XIX. 680.
Schemnitz, in Hungary, XIX. 680.
Scherzo, XIX. 680.
Scheubelius, his improvements in alge¬
bra, II. 423.
Scheygias, IX. 377.
Schiechs, XIX. 680; III. 332-3.
Schiedam, Dutch city, XIX. 680.
Schilbus, fish, XII. 202.
Schiller (J. C. F. Von), XIX. 680—his
plays, VIII. 177—poetry, XVIII. 167
—novels, XIX. 358.
Schiller-spar, XV. 149.
Schio, in Austria, XIX. 685.
Schirach on bees, IV. 519, 531.
Schiras, or Shiraz, XX. 297.
Schirrus of the stomach, in the horse,
XXI. 626.
Schirvan, XX. 298.
Schism, XIX. 685.
Schisma, in music, XIX. 685.
Schistus, XIX. 685 — specific gravity
of, XII. 35—metals found in, XV.
277. See Slate.
Schittuar, island, XIX. 685.
Schlegel (Frederick), XIX. 685 —
writings of, I. 214—on the tragedies
of Euripides, VIII. 148—on French
comedy, 166—on the German drama,
177.
 (William), on the poetry of Me-
tastasio, XIV. 704.
Schlegel (Mons.), on serpents, XX. 122,
et seq.
Schligmann on birds, XVI. 549.
Schmalkalden, XIX. 688.
Schmelzstein, a mineral, XV. 153.
Schmidt on the earth’s figure, IX. 562.
Schmidt’s* pyrometer, XVIII. 750—his
formula repi-esenting the law of the
relation between the temperature and
force of steam, XX. 595—on latent
heat, 601.
Schmiedenberg, XIX. 688.
Schneiderian membrane, II. 797.
Schoeffer on birds, XVI. 549.
 , early printer, XVIII. 544.
Schoen (Martin), IX. 45.
SCH—SCI
Schoenbrunn, palace of, XXI. 646.
SCHtENOBATES, XIX. 688.
Scholars at Oxford, XXI. 496.
Scholastic, XIX. 688.
• Divinity, XIX. 688.
■ Ethical philosophy, I. 307, et seq.
Scholastics, their perversion of Aris¬
totle’s philosophy, HI. 509.
Scholiast, XIX. 688.
Scholium, XIX. 688 ; X. 433; XIII.
445.
Scholtz on Coptic, XI. 314.
Schomberg (F. A. Duke of), XIX. 688
—his Irish campaigns, V. 363.
 (Uldaric), a blind man, IV. 700.
Schoner (Andrew), his work on dial¬
ling, VII. 760.
 (John), on dialling, VII. 760.
Schools, XIX. 689 ; XXI. 529 —as
affecting health, XIV. 512.
Schoolmasters, diseases of, XIV. 509.
Schoolmen. See Scholastics.
Schooner, XIX. 689.
Schooten (F.), mathematician, on ami¬
cable numbers, II. 656.
Schorl, XI. 170—sp. gr. of, XII. 35.
Schott (Casper), on aeronautics, II. 178
—on the coldness of the moon’s rays,
VII. 749.
Schouten, his visit to Papua, IV. 211;
and New Britain, 212.
Schouten’s Island, XIX. 689.
Schouw (Professor), on botanical re¬
gions, XVII. 548.
Schrader’s Flora Germanica, V. 80.
Schreber’s botanical labours, V. 80.
Schreger on the lymphatics, II. 730.
Schrevelius (Cornelius), Dutch critic
and lexicographer, XIX. 689.
Schroeter on the moon’s atmosphere,
IV. 6—on the planet Venus, 27.
Schryari, XIX. 689.
Schubler (Professor), on atmospheric
electricity, VIII. 616.
Schuiskoy, XIX. 538.
Schullemberg (General), his campaign
against the Swedes, XXI. 22.
Schulten (N. G.), on the effect of atmo¬
spheric pressure on the level of the
sea, XXI. 285.
Schultens (Albert), XIX. 689.
Schurman (Anna Maria), XIX. 689.
Schuylkill river, XVII. 221.
Schwabach, XIX. 690.
Schwartsburg-Sonderhausen, a Ger¬
man principality, XIX. 690.
Schwartz (Barthold), XI. 76.
Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt, XIX. 690.
Schwatz, XIX. 690.
Schweidnitz, XIX. 690; XVIII. 675.
Schweigger’s electrical multiplier, VIII.
638, 654.
Schweinfurt, XIX. 690.
Schweiniz, botanist, V. 80.
Schwenkfeld on ornithology, XVI. 545.
Schwerd (F. M.), on optics, XVI. 440.
Schwerin, German city, XIX. 690.
Schwetz, Prussian town, XIX. 690.
Schweynheym, printer, XVIII. 548.
Schwyz, Swiss canton, XIX. 690.
Sciacca, in Sicily, XV. 702.
Scisena, fish, XII. 175.
ScisBnicke, fishes, XII. 175.
Sciagraphy, XIX.' 691.
Sciara, insect, IX. 263.
Scicn, in Sicily, XIX. 691.
Science, XIX. 691—classification of the
sciences by Bacon, D’Alembert, and
Locke, I. 1-8.
Scigliano, Italian city, XIX. 691.
Scilly Islands, XIX. 691; XI. 372—
Sir Cloudesley Shovel wrecked on the,
V. 370; XX. 319.
Scincida), reptiles, XIX. 149.
Scincus, reptile, XIX. 149.
Scindapsos, XIX. 691.
Scindia, XI. 434, et seq.; XVI. 343.
Scio, XIX. 691—massacre of, X. 747.
Sciomyza, insect, IX. 288.
Scioppius (Caspar), XIX. 692.
Scioptic Ball, XIX. 693.
Scioto, river, XVI. 326.
Scipio (Publius Cornelius) Africanus,
SCI—SCO
XIX. 693, 387—his war with the Car¬
thaginians, VI. 201.
 (Lucius Cornelius), XIX. 693.
  (Publius .TEmilianus), XIX.
693—his operations against the Car¬
thaginians, VI. 204—Numantia taken
by, XX. 491.
Sciro, island, XIX 693.
Scirocho. See Sirocco.
Scitaminese, in botany, V. 132.
Sciurus, in zoology, XIV. 130.
Sclavonia, XIX. 693 ; IV. 225.
Sclavonian Bibles, IV. 617; XIX. 790.
  Language, XIII. 89 ; XVII. 419
—languages derived from the, 422.
Sclavonians, IV. 236; VI. 274—Scla¬
vonic nations in Europe, IX. 410.
Sclerantheoe, in botany, V. 112.
Sclerodermi, fishes, XH. 229.
Sclerotic membrane, II. 798 ; III. 22.
Scolds, punishment of, VI. 229.
Scolex, zoophyte, XXI. 996.
Scolezite, pyro-electricity of, VIII. 597.
Scolia, insect, IX. 229.
Scolietes, insects, IX. 229.
Scolopax, bird, XVI. 622.
Scolopendra, insects, XV. 653, 654.
Scolopsides, fishes, XII. 176.
Scolytus, insect, IX. 176.
Scomber, fish, XII. 180.
Scomber-esox, fish, XII. 200.
Scomber-thynnus, fish, XV. 708.
Scomberidae, fishes, XII. 180.
Scone, Scottish village, XIX. 693.
Scopeles, fish, XII. 218.
Scopoli on botany, V. 82—on birds,
XVI. 549.
Scops, bird, XVI. 566.
Scopus, bird, XVI. 620.
Score, in music, XIX. 694.
Scoresby (Rev. Mr), on the magnetic
effects of electricity, VIII. 637—on
the freezing of food, IX. 730—his ar¬
tificial magnets, XIII. 7 58—his mag¬
netometer, 767—his observations on
sea-ice, XVII. 519.
 , jun., on the walrus, XIV. 125.
Scoria, XIX. 694.
Scorification, XIX. 694.
Scorpajna, fish, XII. 174.
Scorpio, genus of arachnides, III. 365.
Scorpion, fish, XII. 174.
Scorpions, III. 364—Durango, in Mexi¬
co, infested by, VIII. 288.
Scorzonera, XI. 670—stem of, III. 82.
Scot (Alex.), IX. 357,11. 2.
 (Dr), of Corstorphine, on domes¬
tic poultry, XVI. 609.
  (John), an early professor at
Oxford, XIII. 292.
 (Michael), XIX. 694.
 (Reginald), XIX. 694 ; XXI.
907—on the heathenism of the Church
of Rome, III. 297, n. 2.
Scotal, XIX. 694.
Scotales, XIX. 694.
Scoter, bird, XVI. 636.
Scoti, VI. 2.
Scotia, in architecture, XIX. 694 ; HI.
470.
 , Ireland originally so named,
VII. 714.
Scotinus, insect, IX. 164.
Scotists, scholastic sect, XIX. 694. See
Duns Scotus.
Scotland, XIX. 695—history of, ib.—
statistics, 744—reasons why no great
writer appeared there in the age of
Locke, I. 105—metaphysical and mo¬
ral philosophers of, I. 220, et seq., 284,
411. (See Hume, Raid,Stewart, &c.)—
agriculture, II. 254, 258, 261, 349 ;
VIII. 767—roads, II. 262 ; XIX. 299
—Agricultural Societies, II. 262, 264—
little meadow-land in, 308:—Antoni¬
nus’s wall, III. 272 ; V. 300 ; XIX. 408
—archbishops formerly in, III. 397-
archery, 399,.400, 402—bagpipe, IV.
281—Covenanters, 286 ; V. 316, 349,
et seq.; VII. 434—bread, IV. 295—bar¬
rack-districts, 405 — rearing of bees
in, recommended, 535—introduction oi
bleaching, 679—consumption of malt.
138
INDEX
SCO
V. 252—ancient population of, 296—
union of the crowns of England and,
302—attempt of James VI. to estab¬
lish episcopacy, 304—similar attempt
by Charles the First, 315—civil war
with him, 316—his visit in 1641, 319
—Solemn League and Covenant, 325 ;
VII. 434—invaded by Cromwell, V.
335—tyrannized over tjy Charles the
Second, 349, 353—submission to Wil¬
liam the Third, 361—battle of Killi-
krankie, 362 ; XII. 718—massacre of
Glencoe, V. 364—colony on the Isth¬
mus of Darien, 365 ; VII. 625—union
with England, V. 370—-articles of the
union, XXI. 448-—attempt to dissolve
union, V. 373—rebellions in 1715 and
1745, 374, 381—subsequent measures
for tranquillizing the Highlands, 383
—application of the Catholics for re¬
lief, 411—act for the restoration of
forfeited estates, 435—complaint of
grievances by the royal burghs in
1791, 462—act for relief of the Ca¬
tholics, 470—prosecution of Muir and
Palmer in 1793, 470—acts of parlia¬
ment in 1810 respecting ministers’
stipends and the Court of Session,
529—resistance to the abolition of
small notes, 565—Buchanan’s His¬
tory of, 632—castles, VI. 234—Chal¬
mers’s Caledonia, 309 —*■ assassina¬
tion common in the 16th century, 616
—Lord High Constable, VII. 266—
corn-laws, 337—coronach, 372—cot¬
ton-manufacture, 404, et seq.; X. 557
—Lord Hailes’s Annals of, VII. 602,
604—Defoe’s mission to, 670—emigra¬
tion from the Highlands, VIII. 688,
690—shipping,7 86—distillation, 44,50
—smuggling of whisky, 46—law of di¬
vorce, 72—early drama, 154—educa¬
tion, 789 ; I. 249 ; XXI. 508, 529—
language, IX. 42—episcopacy, 316—
fisheries, 599, 601 ; III. 112—iron¬
works, X. 560 ; XV. 246 ; XX. 408—
glass-making, X. 565—Presbyterian¬
ism, XI. 559—horses, 597—rate of
interest, XII. 324 — free-masonry,
XIV. 283—lunatic asylums, 588—-
militia, XV. 70—coal, 244—money,
399, 406 ; III. 544—canals, XVI. 7
—newspapers, 168—school of paint¬
ing, 727—banks, XVII. 42—patron¬
age, 145—pearls, 166 — Gaelic lan¬
guage, 414, 416—heights of moun¬
tains, 506, 557—lakes, 523—cataracts,
525 —constabulary, XVIII. 252 —
post-office, 488—church, 526—pri¬
sons, 583—the Reformation, XIX. 96
—Robertson’s History of, 301—light¬
houses, XX. 29 — seceders, 61 —
slavery, 383—Statistical Account of,
568 -— Gilbert Stuart’s History of,
XX. 783—spirit-duties, XXI. 122—
General Roy’s map of, 351—Ordnance
Survey, 359, 360—measures, III. 544 ;
XXI. 847, 851—weights, 851, 390 ;
III. 544—woollen-manufacture, XXI.
928—map of, XIX. PI. 439 and 440.
See Britain, Highlands, and the names
of counties and towns ; also the Chro¬
nological Table, VI. 669, et seq.
Scots, their wars with the Romans, V.
301—their invasions of Ireland, XII.
357, 359—Scotch settlers in Ulster,
366. See Scotland.
Seotobius, insect, IX. 163.
Scott (John), clergyman, XIX. 771.
 (Thomas), clergyman, XIX. 771.
  (Sib Walter), XIX. 771—on
apparitions. III. 304—his connexion
with Mr Constable, VII. 267—on the
drama, VIII. 147, ».—his attention
to minute peculiarities of nature,
XVIII. 143—poetry of, 173—on the
works of Fielding, IX. 538, 540; Mrs
Radcliffe, XIX. 9 ; Miss Reeve, 85 ;
Richardson, 337; C. Johnstone, 341 ;
Maturin, 345 ; Le Sage, 353-4—novels
of, 347.
Scotus. See Duns Seotus.
Scopgal (Henry), XIX. 778.
SCO—SEA
Scouring of wool, VIII. 299—silk, 300.
Scouts, XIX. 778.
Scfain’s hive, III. 283.
Scraper, engraver’s, IX. 47.
Screamer, bird, X VI-. 627.
Screw,. XIX. 778 ; XIV. 369.
Scribe, XIX. 778. '
Scribing, in joinery, V. 688.
Scrimzeor (Henrv), XIX. 778.
Script-type, XXI. 437.
Scripture (Holt), XIX. 780. See
Bible.
Scrivener, XIX. 791.
Scroll, in architecture, III. 470—in he¬
raldry, XI. 258.
Scrope (Wm.),on deer-stalking,XX. 37)3.
Scrophularinese, in botany, V. 123.
Scrotum, its anatomy, II. 824.
Scruple, XIX. 791—scruples of half
duration, &c., ib.
Scrutiny, XIX. 792.
Scrutore, XIX. 792.
Scry, in falconry, XIX. 792.
Scudding, XIX. 792.
Seudo, XV. 410.
Scuirvullin, XIX. 485.
ScuLPONEffi, XIX. 792.
Sculptor, a blind one, IV. 702.
Sculpture, XX. 1—Greek, III. 258—
Egyptian, 262—Chinese, VI. 573—
casting of statues, V. 588 ; VI. 230 ;
IX. 791; XV. 311; XVII. 796—the
Elgin Marbles, VIII. 668—knowledge
of anatomy necessary to sculptors,
XVII. 610.
Scultetus, on surgery, XX. 829.
Scuppers of a ship, XX. 13.
Scurf in sheep, XXI. 636.
Scurvy, XX. 13—Captain Cook’s reme¬
dy for, VII. 299—chemical theory of,
VIII. 24—cured by the use of citric
acid, XVI. 53.
Scutage, XX. 13.
Scutari, Turkish city, XX. 13.
Scute, French coin, XX. 13.
Scutellera, insect, IX. 195.
Scutibranchia, mollusca, XV. 364.
Scutigera, insects, XV. 654.
Scuttles in a ship, XX. 13.
Scydmsenus, insect, IX. 147.
Scylax, mathematician, XX. 13.
Scylla, rock, XX. 13; XV. 699.
Scyllarus, Crustacea, VII. 501.
Scyllea, mollusca, XV. 360.
ScyIlium, fish, XII. 231.
Scymnus, fish, XII. 234.
Scypha, in botany, V. 57.
ScyHs, fish, XII. 186.
Scyros, island, XX. 14.
Scyrtes, insect, IX. 141.
SCYTALA LACONICA, XX. 14.
SctTHE, XX. 14—Hainault.II. 270,350.
Scythia, XX. 14.
Scythians, X. 618; XI. 396; XX. 2—
identical with the Tartars, XXI. 82—
their invasions of the Eastern Em¬
pire, VII. 286—suicide common a-
mung the, XX. 798.
Scythian bow, V. 155.
   Race of man, II. 710; XVII. 698.
Scytbrops, bird, XVI. 598.
Scytodes, arachnides, III. 360.
Sea, XX. 14 ; X. 407—influence of the
sun’s rays on, VI. 748—-temperature
of, at different depths, 749—freezing
of, VII. 58 ; XVII. 519—-currents in,
VII. 552; XVIII. 222—embankments
against, VIII. 676—rights of different
nations to use of, XIII. 138—lumi¬
nousness of, 338 ; XXI. 1015—effect
of its vicinity on health, XIV. 511 ;
and on climate, XVII. 544—water of,
XV. 137—local elevation of its bed,
218—desiccation of ancient bed, 236
—encroachments of, XVII. 511—its
colour, temperature, and saltness,
518—principal inland seas, 520—eva¬
poration from, XX. 549—effect of at¬
mospheric pressure, and of the wind,
on level of, XXI. 285, 286. • See
Ocean, Tides, Polar Seas, Baltic, &c.
Sea-air, XX. 14—contains no muriatic
acid, IX. 432.
SEA—SEC
Sea-anemonies, zoophytes, XXI. 1022.
Sea-bear, XIV. 125.
Sea-breeze, III. 679 ; XIV. 745 ; XVII.
540.
Sea-cat, fish, XII. 193.
Sea-devil, fish, XII. 174.
Sea-eggs, zoophytes, XXI. 1003.
Sea-grass, uses of, II. 297.
Sea-hag, fish, XII. 237.
Sea-hare, XV. 362.
Sea-horse, mammalia, XIV. 124.
 , fish, XII. 227.
Sea ice, XVII. 519.
Sea-jellies, zoophytes, XXI. 1013.
Sea-kale, culture of, XI. 673.
Sea-lights, XX. 15—principles of op¬
tics applied to the improvement of,
I. 636—lenses, V. 737-—Eddystone,
XX. 399. See Lighthouses.
Sea-lion, XIV. 124.
Sea-orange, XVI. 518.
Sea-plants, XX. 32.
Sea-serpent, XX. 32, 148.
Sea-sickness, XX. 32.
Sea-telegraph, XVI. 56.
Sea-unicorn, XIV. 181.
Sea-walls, VIII. 678.
Sea-wax, VI. 444.
Sea-weed, XX. 32—its use as a ma¬
nure, II. 302. See Algse.
Sea-wolf, fish, XII. 193.
Seadowly, Hindu port, XX. 32.
Seaford, in Sussex, XX. 32.
Seal, XX. 32.
Seals, in zoology, XIV. 123—in the Cas¬
pian Sea, VI. 217—skins of, X. 264,
266—on the Irish coasts, XII. 410—
structure of, XVII. 705.
Sealing-wax, XXI. 821.
Seamanship, XX. 32—ballast, IV. 320
— sounding, XX. 486. See Naviga¬
tion, Sailing.
Seamen. See Sailors.
Search-warrant, XX. 60.
Seasons, cause of the. III. 764 ; PI. 81,
fig. 25—vary in length, 770.
Seasoning of timber, VIII. 229—loss of
weight by, XXI. 306-9.
Seaton, in Devonshire, XX. 60.
 (Sir Christopher), VIII. 263.
Seaton-Carew, in Durham, XX. 60.
Seba on birds, XVI. 546.
Sebaceous glands, II. 749, 75.0.
 secretion, XVII. 608.
Sebacic acid, XX. 60.
Sebaste, XVI. 742.
Sebastes, fish, XII. 174.
Sebastian (St), in Spain, XX. 60 ; XIX.
634—captured by the British under
Wellington, V. 534.
 (St), in San Paulo, XVII. 161.
 III., of Portugal, XVIII. 466.
Sebastiano, Venetian painter, XX. 60.
Sebastopol, II. 370 ; IV. 661 ; VII. 473.
Sebese, island, XX. 60.
Sebha, IX. 530.
Sebiz (Melchior), on medical jurispru¬
dence, XIV. 491.
Sebonde (Raimond de), Montaigne’s apo¬
logy for, I. 51—principles of his Theo-
logia Naturalis, 52 — Grotius’s and
Turnebus’s opinions of, ib.
Seboe, river, XV. 5Q3.
Seboua, temple of, XVI. 296.
Sebright on breeding animals, II. 331.
Sebsvar, Persian town, XX. 60.
Seburai, XX. 60.
Secale cornutum, a poison, XIV. 507.
Secale, or rye. See Rye.
Secant, XX. 60 ; XXL 370.
Seceders, XX. 61; XIX. 764.
Sechelles, islands, XX. 68.
Seckendorf (Guy Louis de), XX. 68.
Secker (Thomas), XX. 68—on the mi¬
racles of the early Christians, VI. 627.
Second, XX. 70—of a circle, XXL 370.
Second Sight, XX. 70; III. 304.
Secondaries, in astronomy, IIT. 755.
Secondary rocks, XV. 195; XVII. 508.
Secretary, bird, XVI. 565.
Seeretary-at-War, British, III. 618.
Secretion, XVII. 582, 647—anatomy of
the organs of, in man, II. 822; in
SEC—SEI
brutes, III. 40—secretions of plants,
XXI. 586.
Secretiveness, XVII. 463.
Sect, XX. 71.
Section, XX. 71—in geometry, ib.-~in
architecture, III. 470.
Sector, in geometry, XX. 71, 72—of a
circle, X. 438.
 (Zenith), XX. 72—Ramsden’s,
XXL 358.
Sectoral barometer, IV. 391.
Secular, XX. 72.
Secular Games, XX. 72.
Secularization, XX. 72.
Secundine, III. 100.
Secundra, Hindu town, XX. 72.
Secundus (Joannes Nieolaius), Dutch
poet, XX. 72.
Securifera, insects, IX. 217.
Secutores, gladiators, XX. 73.
Sedan, in France, XX. 73.
Sedan-Chair, XX. 73.
Sedasier, Hindu town, XX. 73.
Sedatives, in medicine, XX. 74.
Sedbergh, in Yorkshire, XX. 73.
Se-Defendendo, in law, XX. 74.
Sedgemore, battle of, V. 356.
Sedgmoor, measurement of a trigonome¬
trical base on, XXI. 356.
Sediiout, XX. 73.
Sedition, XX. 73.
Sedley (Sir Charles), poet, XX. 74.
Sedre Passage, XX. 74.
Seduction, XX. 74.
Sedulius, XII. 352.
See Amol, island, XX. 75.
See Bangog, island, XX. 75.
See Beeroo Isle, XX. 75.
Seeassee Isle, XX. 75.
Seebah, in Lahore, XX. 75.
Seeheck (Dr), on electro-magnetism,
VIII. 574 ; XXI. 684—on thermo¬
electricity, VIII.-574; XXI. 695—on
the prismatic spectrum, XIII. 332—
on magnetism, 694, 709, 712—on op¬
tics, XVI. 370, 420, 464.
Seebgunge, Hindu town, XX. 76.
Seeds of plants, V. 50—absorption in,
III. 56—anatomy of, 71—analogous
to eggs, 158—propagation of fruits by,
XI. 634—germination of, XXI. 567
—production of, 585—genus of ani¬
malcules said to spring from, III. 187,
191.
Seed-lac. See Lac.
Seedghub, XX. 76.
Seedlings, XX. 76.
Seedy-toe, XXI. 620.
Seeks, or Sikhs. See Sikhs.
Seenghoo, Burmese town, XX. 76.
Seeor, Hindu town, XX. 76.
Seeparran, island, XX. 76.
Seer, in Arabia, XX. 76.
Seerdhund, Hindu town, XX. 76.
Seerpoor, Hindu town, XX. 76.
Sees, French city, XX. 76.
Seetacoond, Hindu town, XX. 76.
Segalien, or Saghalien, XIX. 611.
Segestan, XX.-79.
Segestes, X. 476.
Segestria, arachnides, IIT. 359.
Segment of a circle, XX. 76 ; X. 438.
Segments (Line of), XX. 76.
Segmentina, mollusca, XV. 345, 358.
Segner (Professor), original principle
expounded by, I. 604—on capillary
attraction, 615—on mechanics, XIV.
354.
Sego, IV. 336.
Segorbe, Spanish city, XX. 76.
Segovia, XX. 76, 77.
 * (New), XX. 77.
Segrais, his Table-Talk, II. 67 6.
Segre, in France, XX. 77.
Segreant, in heraldry, XX. 77.
Segue, in music, XX. 77.
Seguidilla, XX. 77.
Seguin’s theory of tanning, XXI. 75.
Segura, Spanish city, XX. 77.
Segwin, Hindu territory, XX. 77.
Seida, XIX. 614.
Seignior, or Signior, XX. 77.
Seigniorage, XX. 77 ; VII. 34 ; XV.
INDEX
139
SEI—SEM
388, 390—question as to its effects,
S3—its effect on exchange, IX. 411.
Seignioky, XX. 77.
Seimens, XXI. 416.
Seine, in France, XX. 77.
 (Lower), in France, XX. 77.
 and Marne, in France, XX. 78.
 and Oise, in France, XX. 78.
 , Canal of the, XVI. 6.
Seisachthia, IV. 145.
Seisin, XX. 78—livery of, ib.
Seistan, in Asia, XX. 79.
Seize, in sea-language, XX. 80.
Seizure, in commerce, XX. 80.
Sejant, in heraldry, XX. 80.
Sejanus (iEnus), XX. 80 ; i^IX. 401.
Sejour (Dionis du), on the moon’s at¬
mosphere, IV. 6.
Sejur, Syrian river, XX. 80.
Selache, fish, XII. 233.
Selachii, fishes, XII. 231.
Selaginese, in botany, V. 124.
Selago, highly esteemed by the Druids,
VIII. 208.
Selame Islands, near the coast of Ara¬
bia, XX. 80.
Selang, island, XX. 80.
Selbistan, Persian town, XX. 80.
Selby, in Yorkshire, XX. 80.
 (Mr), on birds, XVI. 553, 568,
597, 613, 622.
Selden (John), XX. 80—his Table-
Talk, II. 677—his work on the Arun-
delian Marbles, III. 659—on King
James’s Bible, IV. 619—promoted
the publication of Walton’s Polyglott
Bible, XXI. 731.
Selefkeh, in Asia Minor, XX. 81.
Selenga, Siberian river, XX. 81.
Selenginsk, Russian town, XX. 81.
Selenic acid, VI. 378.
Seleniet of aluminum, VI. 398—anti¬
mony, 386—arsenic, 384—bismuth,
417—cobalt, 410—copper, 415—glu-
cinum, 399—iron, 405—lead, 412—
mercury, 418—palladium, 423—phos¬
phorus, 382—platinum, 422—potas¬
sium, 394—silver, 419—tin, 414—
yttrium, 400—zinc, 410.
Selenio-cyanogen, VI. 435.
Selenious acid, VI. 378.
Selenite, XV. 140—sp. gr. of, XII. 35.
Selenium, VI. 377.
Selenography, XX. 81.
Seleucia, in Asia, XX. 81.
Seleucid*, era of the, XX. 81 ; VI, 659
—Persian dynasty of the, XVII, 260.
Seleucus Kybiosactes, VIII. 474.
■ Nicator, Antioch founded by,
III. 252.
Self-Defence, XX. 81.
Self-Esteem, XVII. 463.
Self-Knowledge, its importance taught
by Socrates, XX. 462.
Self-Love, XX. 82 ; I. 344—analysis
of, 366—significations assigned to, by
Hartley, 429—Aristotle on, III. 523.
Selgovse, VI. 1.
Seligenstadt, XX. 83.
Seligues (M.), his microscope, XV. 39.
Selim I. and II., emperors of Turkey,
III. 343 5 VIII. 484; XXI. 412.
    III., reign of, XXI. 414—de¬
posed, 415—strangled, 416.
Selingan, island, XX. 83.
Selinis, in Sicily, taken by the Carthagi¬
nians, VI. 184.
Selino, in Candia, XX. 83.
Selinty, in Caramania, XX. 83.
Seljook, III. 687.
Selkirk (Alexander), XX. 83 ; VII. 671.
 (Lord), his plan of emigration,
VIII. 690.
 , Scotch burgh, XX. 84.
Selkirkshire, XX. 84.
Sella, Spanish town, XX. 86.
Sellasia, battle of, XXI. 196.
Selmast, Persian towm, XX. 86.
Selters, or Seltzers, XX. 86 ; XV. 737
—mineral spring at, XXI. 93.
Selynus, ruins of, XV. 702.
Semao, island, XX. 86.
Setang, river, IV. 240.
SEM—SEN
Semaphore, XXI. 137.
Semba, African town, XII. 759.
Semblis, insect, IX. 213.
Semeiology, in medicine, XIV. 520.
Semen, XVII. 689 — animalcules in,
XXI. 992—seminal vesicles, II. 824.
Semendra, Turkish city, XX. 86.
SEMENTIN.E FERINE, XX. 86.
Semi, XX. 86.
Semi-Arians, sect, XX. 86.
Semicircle, XX. 86.
Semicolon, XX. 86.
Semidiameter, XX. 86.
Semigallia, XVIII. 212.
Seminal vesicles, II. 824.
Semipalatnoi, XX. 86.
Semipelagians, XX. 87 ; XVIII. 515.
Semiramis, queen of Assvria, XX. 89 ;
III. 717; VIII. 395; XV. 680.
Semitone. See Music.
Semlin, Austrian city, XX. 90.
Semnopithecus, in zoology, XIV. 92.
Sempech, battle of, XXI. 43.
Sempervivse, in botany, V. 112.
Sempronius, Roman consul, defeated by
Hannibal, VI. 198.
Semur, in France, XX. 90.
Semyle, Hindu fortress, XX. 90.
Senan-Fou, Chinese city, XX. 90.
Senate, XX. 90—of the United States,
XXI. 481.
Senator, XX. 90.
Senatus-Consultum, XX. 91.
Sendwah, Hindu town, XX. 91.
Senebier on vegetable physiology, XXI.
578, et seq.
Seneca (Lucius Annaeus), XX. 91; XIX.
403—on comets, I. 452—tragedies of,
VIII. 151—on optics, XVI. 348 —
philosophy and style of, XVII. 412,
413.
Senefelder, lithographer, XIII. 380.
Senegal, XX. 92—Adanson’s observa¬
tions there, II. 141.
Senegambia, in Africa, XX. 92.
Senelops, arachnides, III. 361.
Seneschal, XX. 94.
Sengbest, Persian town, XX. 94.
Sengen, Chinese city, XX. 94.
Sengoa, Persian village, XX. 94.
Senjen, island, XX. 94.
Senlis, in France, XX. 94; X. 382.
Senna, Persian town, XX. 94.
 , a drug, alkali in, VI. 467—
Egyptian, VIII. 526.
Sennaar, in Nubia, XX. 95; II. 230—
Bruce’s residence at, V. 607.
Sennacherib, III. 718—invasion of Egypt
by, VIII. 467.
Senne, II. 232.
Sennertus (Daniel), XX. 95.
Senones, XX. 96.
Senrab, Hindu town, XX. 96.
Sens, in France, XX. 96.
Sensation, XX. 96 ; XIV. 602 ; XVII.
579, 588, 659 ; XVIII. 52—Locke on
ideas which result from, I. 110-12—
physiological laws of, XVII. 671 —
peculiar to animals, III. 157—acute
sensibility of ants, 240—in the bee,
IV. 522—Condillac on, VII. 206—
effects of custom on acuteness of, 561.
See Senses.
 (Organs of), in man, II. 797—
brutes, III. 21—Crustacea, VII 498
—mollusca, XV. 351, et seq.—stelle-
rides, XXI. 1010.
Sense, XX. 96.
 1— (Common), XX. 96; I. 387;
XIV. 638.
 — (Moral), XX. 96; XV. 490 ;
XIV. 628. See Conscience.
Senses, XVII. 661—those of man and
other animals compared, III. 163,165
—their acuteness among the Arabs,
330 ; and the blind, IV. 694, 698
—Aristotle on the, III. 507—pleasures
and pains of the, XX. 96—of ants,
III. 240; insects, IX. 78 ; fishes, XII.
157. See Sensation, Hearing, Smell,
Taste, Touch, Vision.
Sensible Note, in music, XX. 99.
Sensibility, XX. 99; XVII. 134, 679
SEN—SER
—distinguished from irritability, XII.
457—of savages, XVIII. 55.
Sensitive Plant, XX. 100 ; XXL587.
Sensorial power, XVII. 593.
 Functions, XVII. 658.
Sensorium, XVII. 67 3, 679—its psycho¬
logical relations, 680. See Brain.
 commune, XVII. 458.
Sentence, XX. 102.
Sentinel, or Sentry, XX. 102.
 Perdu, XX. 102.
 (Great and Little), islands
in the Eastern Seas, XX. 102.
Seouny, XX. 102.
Sepals of flowers, III. 96 ; V. 42.
Separatists, sect, XX. 102.
Sepedon, insect, IX. 289.
Sepia, mollusca, XV. 353; XVII. 719.
Sepiacea, mollusca, XV. 353.
Sepoury, or Sipry, Hindu town and for¬
tress, XX. 103.
Sepoys, or Seapoys, XX. 103.
Seppings(SirR.),his improvement of the
block under ships in graving-dock,
VIII. 77—his improvements in ship¬
building, XVI. 45; XX. 288, 290, 291.
 (J. M.), on the woods of India,
XXI. 299.
Seps, reptile, XIX. 149.
Sepsis, insect, IX. 285.
September, XX. 103—gardening ope
rations in, XI. 690.
Septennial parliaments, act for, V. 37 6
—attempt to repeal it, 379.
Septentrio, XX. 103.
Septics, XX. 103.
Septizon, XX. 103.
Septuagesima, XX. 103.
Septuagint, XX. 103 ; XIX. 787 ; IV.
613; XI. 502 ; XII. 569.
 Chronology, XX. 105.
Sepulchre, XX. 105—Roman sepulchral
monuments, III. 447. See Tomb.
 (St), canons of, XX. 105.
 (Knights of the Holy), mili¬
tary order, XX. 105.
Sequani, XX. 105.
Sequestration, XX. 105.
Sequin, coin, XX. 105 ; XV. 407.
Sera, Hindu town, XX. 105.
Seraglio, XX. 106.
Serai, XX. 106.
Serampei, in Sumatra, XX. 106.
Serampoor, Hindu town, XX. 106.
Serampore, town in Bengal, XX. 106—
mission, XIX. 111.
Serangani Isles, XX. 106.
Seraph, or Seraphim, XX. 106.
Serapion, ancient physician, XX. 106.
Serapis, Egyptian deity, XX. 106;
VIII. 554—image of, at Alexandria,
II. 410.
Seraptia, insect, IX. 168.
Serbs, their language, XIII. 89.
Sereek, Persian town, XX. 107.
Serenade, XX. 107.
Serenus, mathematician, XIV. 315.
 Sammonicus, XX. 107.
Seres, Asiatic people, XX. 107, 351—
Ptolemy’s description of the, III. 696.
 , or Sirus, Turkish city, XX. 107.
Serfs, Russian, XIX. 579.
Serge, a woollen stuff, XX. 107.
Sergeant, XX. 107—at law, ib.; VII.
430—at-arms, XX. 107—common, ib.
Sergeanty, in law, XX. 108.
Serica, insect, IX. 159.
Sericaria, insect, IX. 248.
Sericomyia,insect, IX. 274.
Sericostoma, insect, IX. 214.
Series, XX. 108—infinite, II. 467.
Serinagur, XX. 119.
Seringapatam, XX. 120—Lord Corn¬
wallis’s expedition against, V. 462—
capture of, by the British, 488; XI.
430, 433.
Seringham, island, XX. 121.
Serino, Italian city, XX. 121.
Seriola, fish, XII. 186
Serle’s Island, XX. 121.
Serlio,- notice of the architectural publi¬
cations of. III. 425.
Sermatta, island, XX. 121.
SER—SET
Seronge, Hindu town, XX. 121.
Serous membrane, II. 754; XVII. 599
—mucus of the, VI. 497.
Serpens, in astronomy, XX. 121.
Serpent, musical instrument, XX. 155;
XV. 615.
 , in mythology, XX. 155—used
as an emblem, XX. 2—its degradation
at the fall of man, XXI. 216—Druid-
ical notions about the serpent’s egg,
VIII. 208.
Serpents, XX. 121—their power of ab¬
stinence, II. 46; HI. 167 — their
bones, 14, et seq.—ears, 26 — poi¬
son-gland and fangs, 40 — poison¬
ous bites, XIV. 507, 526—structure,
XVII. 714—of Barbary, IV. 362—of
India, XI. 383.
Serpentarius, XX. 156.
Serpentine, XX. 156—specific gravity
of, XII. 35.
 Verses, XX. 156.
Serpoor, Hindu town, XX. 156.
Serpuchow, XX. 156.
Serpula, worm, XL 218.
 , in conchology, XV. 319.
Serra, Italian town, XX. 156.
Serra di Falco, XX. 156.
Serra do Frio,diamond-mines of, VIII. 4.
Serramannu, XX. 156.
Serranus (Joannes), XX. 156.
 , fish, XII. 168.
Serrasalmus, fish, XII. 212.
Serrated, XX. 156.
Serra-Valle, Italian town, XX. 156.
Serravalle, .Austrian city, XX. 156.
Serre (M.), on harmony, XV. 606.
Serricornes, insects, IX. 138.
Serris, Hindu town, XX. 156.
Serropalpides, insects, IX. 166.
Serropalpus, insect, IX. 166.
Sert, Turkish town, XX. 156.
Sertanejos of Pernambuco, XVII. 237.
Sertorius, XIX. 394 ; XX. 491.
Serum of blood, 11.713; VI. 493; XVII.
633, 636--cellular, II. 714.
Servan (St), XIX. 615.
Servandoni (John N.), XX. 156.
Servant, XX. 157—duties of, XV. 472.
Servetists, sect, XX. 157.
Servetus (Michael), XX. 157—circula¬
tion of the blood partially discovered
by, II. 697—his execution approved
of by Melancthon, VII. 446.
Servia, XX. .158—alphabet of, II. 548
—language of, XIII. 89.
Service, choral, XX. 158.
Service-tree, XI. 649.
Servites, religious order, XX. 158.
Servitors in the university of Oxford,
XX. 158; XXL 496.
Servius (Maurus Honoratus), XX. 158.
 Tullius, XIX. 365, 379.
Serwel in Cabul, XX. 158.
Sesak, king of Egypt,VIII. 542; XL 471.
Sesamoid bones, II. 745.
Sesamum-oil of Ava, IV. 241.
Seserinus, fish, XII. 188.
Sesia, insect, IX. 244.
Sesiades, insects, IX. 244.
Sesonchis, king of Egypt, VIII. 542.
Sesostris, XX. 158 ; XI. 324—reign of,
VIII. 463—architectural remains at¬
tributed to, III. 410—army and mili¬
tary exploits of, 580—different names
of, ib. n. 3—date of his reign, ib. n. 5
—great ship said to hare been built
by, VII. 694.
Sesqui, Latin particle, XX. 159.
Sesquialter, in music, XX. 159.
Sesqui-alterate, XX. 159.
Sesqui-duplicate Ratio, XX. 159.
Sesqui-tertional Proportion,XX. 159.
Session, XX. 159—of Parliament, ib.—
Court of, VIII. 418 ; XIX. 754—
Kirk-Session, XX. 159—Sessions for
weights and measures, ib.—Court of
Quarter-Sessions, ib.
Sesterce., or Sestertius,.Roman coin,
XX. 159; XIV. 471, etseq.-, XV. 398
Sestet, in music, XX. 159.
Sestos, Turkish fortress, XX. 159.
Set or Sets, in hedging, XX. 159.
140
INDEX
SET—SEY
Setcheou, Chinese city, XX. 159.
Setciung, Chinese city, XX. 159.
Setchuen, Chinese province, XX. 159.
Seth, son of Adam, XX. 160.
Sethians, sect of heretics, XX. 160.
Sethon, king of Egypt, VIII. 466.
Seton, in surgery, XX. 160 ; XXI. 617,
n.—improved kind of, XX. 838.
Settee, in sea-language, XX. 160.
Setter-dogs, XX. 309.
Settina, river, VII. 595.
Setting, XX. 160.
Settle, in Yorkshire, XX. 160.
Settlement-law, XVIII. 368, 382.
Setuval, Portuguese city, XX. 160.
Sevastopol, Russian city, XX. 160;
II. 370 ; IV. 661; VII. 473.
Seven, veneration paid to the numher,
III. 178; XIX. 596.
 Islands, off Banca, XX. 160.
 Stars, or Pleiades, XX. 160.
 Years’ War, V. 383; XX. 340-
tactics in the, XXI. 738.
Sevenoaks, town in Kent, XX. 160.
Seventh, in music, XX. 161.
Sever (St), XIX. 615.
Severinus (M. A.), XX. 829.
Severites, III. 127.
Severn, river, XX. 161 ; VIII. 760 ;
XV. 434; XXI. 936—its navigation,
X. 585 ; XVI. 18 ; XIX. 621—Severn
and Thames Canal, XVI. 19.
Severndroog, island, XX. 161.
Severus (Cornelius), poet, XX. 161.
 , Roman emperor, XIX. 410—
Byzantium destroyed hy, V. 761—his
residence in Egypt, VIII. 476—his
expedition against the Caledonians,
XIX. 695—Wall of, XX. 161.
 (Cassius), apparition said to have
been seen hy, III. 296.
Seves (Colonel), his services to Mehem-
med Ali, VIII. 502.
Sevigne' (Marie de Rahutin Marquise
de), XX. 163.
Seville, in Spain, XX. 163.
Sevres (Deux), in France, XX. 165.
 ;—, near Paris, porcelain-manufac¬
tory of, XVIII. 434.
Sewad, Affghan district, XX. 165.
Sewalic Mountains, XX. 165.
Sewan, Hindu town, XX. 165.
Sewee, in Belochistan, XX. 165.
Sewel’s History of the Quakers referred
to, XVIII. 765.
Sewer, XX. 166.
Sewers, building of, V. 670—of towns,
XIV. 512—of Rome, VI. 765 ; XIX.
427 ; XX..-166.
Sewistan, or Seistan, XX. 79.
Sewcri, kind of guitar, XX. 166.
Sex, XX. 166—neuter sex of ants, III.
239—mortality less in female sex than
in male, 208—instinct between the
sexes, XII. 301; XVII. 461, 689-pro¬
portion of their numbers, XV. 535.
Sexagenary, XX. 166.
Sexagesima Sunday, XX. 166.
Sexagesimal arithmetic, III. 537.
Sexagesimals, XX. 166.
Sextans, XX. 166.
Sextant, XX. 166 ; XV. 782—its use
in seamanship, XX. 56.
Sextile, XX. 166.
Sextius (Quintus), XX. 166.
Sexton, XX. 167.
Sextuple, in music, XX. 167.
Sextus Empiricus, XX. 167.
Sexual organs of man, II. 823 ; XVII.
687—of brutes, III. 40—of plants,
III. 95, 97; V. 43, 88.
 Instinct, XII. 301; XVII. 461,
689.
Sexualist*, XX. 167.
Seychelles Islands, XIV. 833.
Seyfarth on hieroglyphics, XI. 359.
Seyland, island, XIII. 112.
Seymour (Jane), wife of Henry VIII.,
VII. 446 ; VIII. 746, 749.
  (Lord Webbe), his k’inometer,
XII. 743.
Seymour’s rope-machine, XIX. 463.
Sbyne (La\ French city, XX. 167.
SEY—SHA
Seysumah, Hindu town, XX. 167.
Sezawul, XX. 167.
Sforza (Ludovic), XII. 475.
S’Gravesande’s air-pump, XVIII. 83.
Shack, XX. 167.
Shackles of a ship, XX. 1S7.;
Shaddock, XI. 60.
Shade, in drawing, VIII. 183.
Shadow, XX. 167—line described on a
plane by, VII. 773.
Shadowrah, Hindu town, XX. 167.
Shadwell (Thomas), English drama¬
tist, XX. 167 ; VIII. 173.
 , in Middlesex, XX.Y67.
Shaffhausen, canton of, XXI. 49.
Shafras (Gregory Savarof), XX. 168.
Shaft, in architecture, III. 470.
Shaftesbury, in Dorset, XX. 168.
 (Earls of). See Cooper.
Shagreen, XX. 168.
Shahabad, Hindu town, XX. 168.
Shahjehanpoor, XX. 168.
Shahnoor, Hindu town, XX. 168.
Shahpoor, Hindu town, XX. 168.
Shairghur, Hindu town, XX. 168.
Shakspeare (William), XX. 169—anec¬
dote of, at the Globe Tavern, II. 526
—his disregard of the unities, VIII.
163—defence of his comic scenes in
tragedy, 164—his merits as a drama¬
tist, 168—seems to have been indif¬
ferent to fame, 169—his plays revived
by Garrick, 176—Dr Farmer on his
learning, IX. 488—his imagination,
XVIII. 141—his poetry, 144, 170-
editions of, by Capell, V. 109 ; John¬
son, XII. 597 ; Pope, XVIII. 401;
Steevens, XX. 715; and Theobald,
XXI. 200.
Shale, XV. 197—specific gravity of, XII.
35—bituminous, II. 574.
Shallop, XX. 188.
Shallot, culture of, XI. 671.
Shalmaneser, III. 718.
Shamans, XX. 188.
Shambles, in mining, XX. 188.
Shame, almost unknown amongthe Ame¬
rican savages, II. 632.
Shamly, Hindu town, XX. 188.
Shamois, or Chamois, leather, XX. 188.
Shanavaz, Afghan town, XX. 188.
Shandorah, Hindu town, XX. 188.
Sivangallas, II. 62; IX. 377.
Shank’s Island, XX. 188.
Shannon, Irish river, XX. 189—navi¬
gation of the, XII. 414 ; XVI. 22, 23;
XIX. 479.
   (Mr), on brewing, V. 231.
Shaparee, island, IV. 247.
Shapoor, or Sapor, king of Persia, XVII.
261 ; VII. 275, 276.
Shapoorah, Hindu town, XX. 189.
Shapour, Persian city, XX. 189—ruins
of, XVII. 258.
Shark, XII. 231 — on the coasts of
Africa, II. 229—shark-fishery in Ice¬
land, XII. 148.
Sharmuth, fish, XII. 203.
Sharp (Abraham), XX. 190.
  (Granville), his opposition to
the slave-trade, XX. 384.
 (James), archbishop of St An¬
drews, XX. 189—his hostility to the
Covenanters, V. 349—Mitchell’s at¬
tempt to assassinate him, 350—mur¬
der of, 351.
 (Dr John), archbishop of York,
XX. 190.
 , in music. See Music.
Sharpe and Roberts, their self-acting
mule, VII. 403—their power-loom,
XXI. 830.
Sharpey(Dr), on the stellerides, XXI.
1009.
Shary, river, V. 12.
Shaster, Hindu sacred book, XX. 190.
Shat-ul-arab, river, XX. 192.
Shavings of wood, electricity of, VIII.
602.
Shaw (Dr Thomas), XX. 192.
  (Dr), on the harvest-bug, III.
369—on the hamster, XIV. 135—on
zoology, XVI. 550—on tortoise-shell,
SHA—SHE
XIX. 131—on the gecko, 147—on'
the cameleon, 148.
Shawabad, in Hindustan, XX. 192.
Shawer, VIII. 479.
Shawls, figured, XX. 192—Cashmere,
VI. 213; XIV. 163; XXI. 256—
French, X. 180—manufacture of, at
Paisley, XVI. 734.
Shawneetown, in Illinois, XII. 249.
Shawpoor, Hindu town, XX. 194.
Sheale (Richard), XIX. 333.
Shearing of sheep, II. 333, 335.
Sheath-bill, bird, XVI. 628.
Sheathing of ships, XX. 194—copper¬
sheathing, V. 440; XVI. 45; VII.
311, 642, 502 ; XX. 273.
Sheats of a ship, XX. 19 4.
Sheave, in mechanics, XX. 194.
Sheba, II. 49 ; X. 338, n.
Shebbeare (John), XX. 194.
Sheep, II. 327 ; XIV. 164; VIII. 290 ;
XVII. 709—of America, II. 653—
Arabia, III. 329—Dorsetshire, VIII.
119, 120—county of Down, 133—
England, 766—France, X. 176—Ger¬
many, 484—Ireland, XII. 407—Lei¬
cestershire, XIII. 209—Spain, XX.
517—Sussex, XXL 9-Tibet, 256—
New South Wales, 720—Mr Bake-
well’s improvement of, II. 263 —
Merino, ib., 330, 335—turnip-feeding
of, 287—pasturing of, 310—^varieties
of, 327—breeding and rearing of, 331
—shearing of, 333, 335—folding of,
334—gadfly in, IX. 279—cure of the
scab in, XII. 293—foot-rot in, XXI.
621—leg-evil,ib.-sheep-bot, 627. See
Veterinary Science, Wool.
Sheep’s-head, fish, XII. 177.
Sheergotta, Hindu town, XX. 194.
Sheerness, town in Kent, XX. 194—
dockyard at, VIII. 83 ; XXI. 819.
Sheer-plan, in ship-building, XX. 275.
Sheet-glass, X. 569.
Sheet-lightning, VIII. 622.
Sheffield, XX. 195—hardware-manu¬
factures of, VII. 566-7 ; VIII. 775-
Canal, XVI. 18.
 —(John), Duke of Buckingham,
XX. 197; XVIII. 394—his Rehear¬
sal, VIII. 222—monument to Dryden
erected by, 223.
Shegkius (James), blind author, IV. 700.
Shehaliien. See Sehehallien.
Sheick, Egyptian officer, XX. 197.
Sheikhs,Turkish,XXI.424. SeeScheick.
Sheikpoor, Hindu town, XX. 198.
Shekarpoor, in Seistan, XX. 198.
Shekel, XX. 198.
Shekoabad, Hindu town, XX. 198,
Shelburn, in Nova Scotia, XVI. 286.
Shelburne (Earl of), his administration,
V. 423, 426.
Sheldon on the lymphatics, II. 703.
Shell, in gunnery, XI. 71.
Shells as an object of amusement, XV.
374—polishing of, 375—formation of
collections of, 375—fossil, 376, 183,
et seq.—^moulding of, XXI. 430—of
cheloniad reptiles, III. 14—of moi-
lusca, XV. 324. et seq.; XVII. 718.
Shell-fish, VII. 497; XV. 324.
Shell-lac, the best insulator in electri¬
city, VIII. 581. See Lac.
Shell-marl, XV. 225.
Shellam, Indian town, XX. 198.
Shelley, poetry of, XVIII. 144.
 (Mrs), character of her Franken¬
stein, XIX. 346.
Shellium, Hindu town, XX. 198.
Shelluhs of Barbary, IV. 364.
Shelton, in Staffordshire, XX. 198.
Shelves, in ship-building, XX. 284.
Shem, descendants of, XVII. 355.
Shenstone (William), XX. 198—^judi¬
cious reflections of, I. 119—poetry of,
XVIII. 173.
Shepoory, Hindu town, XX. 198.
Shepperton, in Middlesex, XX. 199.
Sheppey (Isle of), XX. 199; XII. 695.
Shepton-Mallet, XX. 199.
Sher, Hindu town, XX. 199.
Sherard (William), VIII. 30.
SHE—SHO
Sherbet, XX. 199.
Sherborne, in Dorsetshire, XX. 199.
Sherburn, in Yorkshire, XX. 199.
Sheregur, XX. 199.
Sheribon, VI. 507.
Sheridan (Dr Thomas), XX. 199.
 (Mrs Frances), XX. 200.
 (Richard Brinsley), XX. 200
—his speech against Mr Hastings, V.
444—on the French Revolution, 456
—on the French war, 472—on the
expedition to Holland, 494—on the
peace of Amiens, 507, 510—comedies
of, VIII. 176.
Sheriff (Mr), on the culture of the wil¬
low, IV. 430.
Sheriffs in England, IX. 19—in Scot¬
land, XIX. 756.
Sheriffmuir, battle of, V. 374.
Sherlock (William), divine, XX. 204.
 (Dr Thomas), bishop, XX. 205.
Sheron, Persian village, XX. 205.
Sherriff, Mahommedan title, XX. 205
—Arabian Sherriffs, III. 832.
Sherry wine, XXI. 902, 955.
Sherwin’s Mathematical Tables, notice
of, XIII. 420.
Sherwood Forest, XVI. 283,
Shetland Islands, XXI. 986. SeeZetland.
   (South), XVIII. 224.
Shevagunga, Hindu town, XX. 205.
Shevagurry, Hindu town, XX. 205.
Shevelpatore, Hindu town, XX. 205.
Shiel (Mr), his speech on Catholic eman¬
cipation, V. 574.
Shield, XX. 205; V. 63-4—in heraldry,
XX. 2Q6; XI. 244.
 Cape, XX. 206.
Shieldrake, bird, XVI. 637.
Shielduck, bird, XVI. 637.
Shields (North), XX. 206.
 (South), XX. 206.
Shifnal, in Salop, XX. 206.
Shift, in shipbuilding, XX. 275.
Shijashrotan, island, XX. 206.
Shildag (Loch) fishery, XIX. 487.
Shillibear’s voltaic battery, XXI. 671.
Shilling, English coin, XX. 206.
Shillooks of Africa, II. 239.
Shiloh, XX. 207.
Shin (Loch), XXI. 10.
Shin-bone, II. 790, 792.
Shinaas, Persian sea-port, XX. 207.
Shingles, in building, XX. 207.
Ships, XX. 207—Chinese, VI. 574—
lightning-conductors for, VIII. 647—
insurance of, XII. 317 — action of
wind on, XVIII. 114—hogging of,
XX. 285—tonnage, XXI. 326. See
Navy, Shipping, Anchor, Sail, &c.
Ship-Bcilding, XX. 208—its relations
to hydrostatics, I. 608—bevelling, IV.
606—block-machinery, 704 — copper
sheathing, V. 440 ; XVI. 45 ; VII.
311, 642, 502 — capstan, VI. 128—
building of masts, 165—caulking, 251
—proportions, form, and structure of
steamships, XX. 701—tonnage, XXI.
326. See Dock-yards, Dry Rot, Re¬
sistance of Fluids, Timber.
Shipley Canal, XVI. 17.
Ship-Money, XX. 297 ; V. 315.
Shipping of England, VIII. 779, 786-7
—France, X. 199—Ireland, XII. 416
—Scotland, XIX. 768—United States,
XXI. 469. See the geographical ar¬
ticles generally.
Shipston-on-Stour, a town in Worces¬
tershire, XX. 297.
Shipwreck, means of escape from, XIII.
322—plundering of shipwrecked mer¬
chants in Denmark, VII. 721.
Shipwrights, education of, at Ports¬
mouth, II. 78.
Shirawati, cataract of, XVII. 525.
Shiraz, Persian city, XX. 297.
Shire, XX. 298—England divided into
shires by Alfred, II. 419.
Shirley (Sir Anthony), XVII. 266.
Shirt, XX. 298.
Shirvan, Persian province, XX. 293
Shishak, XI. 471; VIII. 542.
Shoa, in Abyssinia, II. 59.
INDEX
141
SHO—SIC
Shoad, XX. 299—shoad-stones, ib.
Shoal, XX. 299.
Shoal-Watek Bay, XX. 299.
Shoe, XX. 299 — Island, ib.—of an
anchor, ib.
Shoeing of horses, XXI. 618.
Shoemakers, diseases of, XIY. 510.
Shoengaer, painter, XVI. 721.
Shores, Syrian village, XX. 299.
Sholapoor, Hindu town, XX. 299.
Sholayanoen, Hindu town, XX. 299.
Shooting, XX. 300.
Shops, signs of, III. 308.
Shopmen, diseases of, XIV. 510.
Shore of the sea, XX. 818. t
 (Jane), XX. 318.
Shoreham, in Sussex, XX. 318—corrup¬
tion in, V. 393.
Shoring, in carpentry, V. 686.
Short (James), optician, XX. 318.
 (Dr Thomas), his work on bills
of mortality, XV. 514.
Short-hand writing, II. 551; XX. 716
—ancient, XVI. 279.
Short - sightedness, XX. 318 ; XVI.
513; XVII. 671.
Shot, XX. 318, 304—case-shot, 319—
shot of a cable, ib.
Shouaas, V. 14.
Shoulder, bones of the, II. 786—joint,
789 ; XVII. 617—museles, II. 793-
sprain of, in cattle, XXI. 618 —
shoulder-blade in the mammalia, III.
8 ; birds, 13; reptiles, 15.
Shoiimshu, island, XX. 319.
Shout, XX. 319.
Shovel (Sir Cloudesly), XX. 319—ship¬
wrecked on the rocks of Scilly, V. 370.
Shoveller, bird, XVI. 637.
Shrapnell-shells, XI. 71.
Shrew, in zoology, XIV. 102.
Shrewsbury, XX. 319; XIX. 623 —
battle of, VIII. 732—canal, XVI. 18.
Shrike, bird, XVI. 568.
Shrimp, VII. 501—Lymington, 503.
Shropshire, XIX. 621—breed of pigs,
II. 338—canal, XVI. 18.
Shrouds of a ship, XX. 320.
Shkove-Tuesday, XX. 320.
Shrubs, XX. 320; XI. 678—trunks of,
III. 82—for hedges, XVII. 785—ever¬
green,ib. —deciduous ornamental, 786.
Shubneccadie, river, XVI. 284.
Shuekburgh’s (Sir George) scale, XXI.
360.
Shugawulpoor, XX. 319.
Shurasku, in Arabia, XX. 319.
Shumsabad, in Lahore, XX. 320.
Shundrabandy, XX. 320.
Shus, in Persia, XX. 320.
Shuster, in Persia, XX. 320.
Shutters of windows, V. 690.
Shuttle, weaver’s, XX. 320; XXI. 824.
Siak, river in Sumatra, XX. 320.
Sialus, insect, IX. 213.
Siam, XX. 321—language of, XIII. 80
—trade with Singapore, XX. 367—
weights and measures of, XXI. 855—
map of, XII., PI. CCCVII-2.
Sibbald (Sir R.), on conchology, XV. 331.
Siberia, XX. 324—climate of, III. 680
 languages of, XIII. 91—Hansteen’s
magnetical observations in, 748—
—mines of, XV. 251, et se?.—annexed
to Russia, XIX. 536—exiles in, 588-
ancient sepulchres in, XXI. 324.
 (New), XIX. 590.
Sibthorp (Professor), V. 83.
Sibyls, XX. 328 ; XIX. 367.
Sibylline Books, II. 585.
Sicard (Abbe), on the education of the
deaf and dumb, VII. 047, 652.
Sicera, liquor, XX. 328.
Sichardus (Joannes), his edition of the
Theodosian Code, VI. 714.
Sicilian diver, account of the wonderful
feats of a, VIII. 60.
Sicilian Vespers, XII. 473; XV 695.
Siciliana, dance, XX. 328.
Sicily, XX. 328—pointed architecture
of, III. 422—Athenian war with, IV.
156—Carthaginian invasions of, VI.
184, et seq.—introduction of silk into,
SIC—SIL
VIII. 300—French trade with, X. 190
—history of, XI. 475, et seq.—lan¬
guage, XIII. 88—coins, XIV. 472 ;
XV. 408, 411—coast, 700—climate
and productions, 704—papyrus, XVII.
49—sirocco, 541—the plague, 777—
—Roman wars, XIX. 384—weights
and measures, XXI. 855—map of,
XII., PI. CCCXIX.
Sickle, II. 270.
Sickler (Dr), XI. 266.
Siculiana, XV. 702.
Siddons (Mrs), XX. 328.
Siderocalcite, sp. gr. of, XII. 35.
Sidero-schisolite, sp. gr. of, XII. 35.
Sideroscope, Lebaillif’s, XIII. 771.
Sidmouth, in Devon, XX. 329.
 (Lord). See Addington.
Sidney (Algernon), XX. 329.
•   (Sir Henry), in Ireland,XII. 364.
 (Sir Philip), XX. 329—his cen¬
sure of the old plays, VIII. 155, 157
—his patronage of Spencer, XX. 533.
Sidon, XX. 329; XVII. 451; XIX. 614
—commerce of, VII. 155,
Sidus (Georgium), one of the planets,
XX. 330. See Uranus.
Siebenburgen. See Transylvania.
Siege, IX. 777; XXI. 753—artillery
used in a, III. 637, 640—mode of con¬
ducting a, 637.
Siegesbeck on the sexes of plants, V. 80.
Sienna, in Italy, XX. 330—Academy of
Sciences at, II. 69.
Sierra Leone, XX. 330; II. 234.
Sierra-Morena, in Spain, XX. 331.
Sieur, French title, XX. 331.
Sievright on pyro-electricity, VIII. 596.
Sifanto, island, XX. 331, 369.
Sigalphus, insect, IX. 222.
Siganus, fish, XII. 189.
Sigaretus, molluscum, XV. 364.
Sighing, XX. 331.
Sight. See Vision.
Sigibert, X. 4, et seq.
Sigillina, mollusca, XV. 370.
Sigismund, king of Poland and Sweden,
XXL 16.
Signs, or written characters, remarks
on, I. 66-7—of taverns. III. 308—of
the zodiac, 765. See Characters.
Signals, XXI. 137—naval, XX. 331 ;
XVI. 56—signals used in the trigono¬
metrical survey, XXI. 362.
Signature, in printing, XX. 339.
Signet, XX. 339.
Sikes’s hydrometer, XII. 25.
Sikhs, XI. 395; XIII. 19; XX. 76.
Sikokf, island, XII. 510.
Silberberg, Prussian town, XX. 339.
Silesia, XX. 339—heights of mountains
of, XVII. 505—Silesian wars, III. 597.
Silica, chemical character of, VI. 373
—phosphorescent effects of electricity
on siliceous substances, VIII. 634.
Silicernium, XX. 341.
Silicet of iron, VI. 405.
Silicon, in chemistry, VI. 373—sulphu-
ret of, 377.
Silicula, in botany, V. 49.
Siliqua, in botany, V. 49.
Siliquaiia, mollusca, XV. 349.
Silis, insect, IX. 144.
Silius iTALicus(Caius), poet, XX. 341.
Silk, XX. 341—of Bengal, IV. 566 ;
Cochin-China, VII. 11; Georgia, &c.,
XIX. 589 ; Greece, X. 728 ; Italy,
XII. 488 ; Japan, 511 ; Lombardy,
XIII. 477—of the spider, III. 354,
355—ancient Asiatic trade in, 698—
bleaching of, IV. 691 — dyes better
than cotton and linen, VIII. 298—
atomic constituents of, ib.—origin of,
300—scouring of, ib.—dyeing of, ib.
—method of dyeing it red, 315 ; yel¬
low, 322; orange, 323, 337 ; blue,
327 ; black, 329 ; green, 334 ; violet or
purple, 336, 338 ; mixtures of black,
&c., 338—imports of,into the United
Kingdom, 784.
Silk-manufacture, XX. 343—of Asia,
III. 701—Derbyshire, VII. 736—Dub¬
lin, VIII. 247—England,776—France,
SIL—SIM
X. 182—Germany, 489—Ireland. XII.
404—Jungeypoor, 631—London, XIII.
505—Lyons, 613—Manchester, XIV.
223—Persia, XVII. 245, 246—Scot¬
land, XIX. 769—Valencia, XXI. 548
—calendering, VI. 20. See Design.
Silk-worms, XX. 350 ; IX. 239, 247—
of Egypt, VIII. 525—Granada, X.
704 — India, XI. 380 — trade in, in
Lombardy, XIII. 478—rapid growth
of, 479.
Sill of windows, III. 470 ; V. 675.
Silla, African town, XX. 354.
Sillago, fish, XII. 170.
Sillock, fish, XII. 218.
Silpha, insect, IX. 148.
Silphales, insects, IX. 147.
Silting, process of, VIII. 193.
Silures, V. 298.
Silurian system, in geology, XV. 192.
Siluridae, fishes, XII. 202.
Silurus, fish, XII. 202—electric, 203;
I. 622 ; VIII. 614 ; XVII. 718.
Silver, VI. 418—assaying of, III. 709—
extraction of, from ores, V. 8—stand¬
ard sterling silver of Great Britain,
VI. 420—salts of oxide of, 451—coin¬
age, VII. 37—process of coining, 45
—supply of, in early ages, 159—effect
of its increase on productive industry,
ib.—recent decrease in supply of, 162
—its value in the early part of last
century, 337—specific gravity of, XII.
35—coins of, XIV. 474 ; XV. 384, et
seq.—debasement of, XIV. 496—some
of its salts poisonous, 502—corneous,
XV. 144—native, 165—red, 170 —
plating with, XVIII. 9—why less va¬
luable than gold, 289—cohesionof, 756.
Silver-glance, XV. 168—brittle, 170..
Silver-mines, XV. 255—in America, II.
646; XV. 264—Ava, IV. 241—Boli¬
via, 749—Chili, VI. 528, 529, 534—
Europe, IX. 409—Haiti, XVI. 681—
Hungary, IV. 230— Mexico, XIV.
802 ; XV. 260—Norway, XVI. 262—
Pasco, XVII. 109 —Potosi, XVIII.
499—Puno, 739—Russia, XIX. 575,
578—Siberia, XX. 327—Spain, XII.
494—What advantage accrues to a
country from colonies possessing
them? VII. 122.
Silvering, XX. 354 ; XVIII. 9.
Silvias, insect, IX. 265.
Silvio acid, VI. 430.
Simaroubeae, in botany, V. 105.
Simeon of Durham, XX. 354.
 ■, Jewish patriarch, XVII. 141.
 Stylites, XI. 495.
Simferopol, XX. 354 ; II. 370.
Simiadae, in zoology, XIV. 89.
Simiae catarrhini, XIV. 89—platyrrhini,
93. See Monkeys.
Simile, XX. 354 ; VII. 185,
Similor, XX. 354.
Simmering, sounds of, XX. 572.
Simnel (Lambert), XII. 361.
Simoga, Hindu town, XX. 354.
Simon Maccabeus, XX. 354.
 Magus, XX. 354.
 (Richard),XX.355—his French
New Testament, IV. 616.
Simonides, XX. 355 — invention of
mnemonics by, XV. 308.
Simons (Richard), VIII. 740.
Simony, XX. 356.
Simoom wind, XX. 356 ; XVII. 541 of
Arabia, III. 324—of Egypt, VIII. 515
—its effects in the Sahara, XIX. 613.
Simplicimani, inseets, IX. 124.
Simplicipedes, insects, IX. 130.
Simplon, XX. 356—Bonaparte’s road
over the, II. 559, n.
Simpson (Thomas), XX. 356—questions
of physical astronomy solved by, I.
578—on annuities, III. 199—on ma¬
thematics, XIV. 323—on mortality,
XV. 545—on probability, XVIII. 594.
Simpson’s Island, XX. 357.
Simpson’s arctic expeditions,XVIII. 222.
Sims (Dr), on latent cerebral disease,
XVII. 478.
Simson (Archibald), V. 793.
SIM—SIR
Simson (Dr Robert), XX. 357 ; I. 582
—his restoration of problems of Apol¬
lonius, III. 289—on Euclid’s Porisms,
XVIII. 441.
 (Dr Thomas), on latent disease,
XVII. 478, 480.
Simulia, insect, IX. 263.
Sin, in Africa, XX. 93.
Sin, original, XVIII. 517 ; XXI. 218.
Sinai (Mount), XX. 360—inscriptions
near, XII. 291—library of, XIII. 318
—Knights of St Catharine of, VI. 241.
Sinaloa, in Mexico, XIV. 818.
Sincerity, duty of, XV. 476.
Sinclair (George), on the barometer, IV.
396—works of, ib., n.
 (Sir John), on training, VIII. 25.
Sinclair’s Rocks, XX. 361.
SlNDANGAN BAY, XX. 361.
Sinde, a kingdom in Hindustan, XX.
361—river, 366.
Sinde Sagor, in Hindustan, XX. 366.
Sindoorg, Hindu town, XX. 366.
Sindkera, in Hindustan, XX. 366.
Sine of an arch, XX. 366 ; XXL 370-
arithmetic of sines, II. 485.
Sinew. See Tendon.
Singan, Chinese city, XX. 366.
Singapore, XX. 366—trade of, III. 701 ;
with Siam, XX. 322—weights and
measures of, XXI. 855.
Singboom, in Orissa, XX. 368.
Singer (Mr), on the electricity of pow¬
ders, VIII. 602—on the fusion of
wires, and oxidation of metals, by
electricity, 627, 628—on the revival
of oxides, ib.—on the effects of elec¬
tricity on gases, 632—his electrome¬
ters, 654—on the electric pile, XXI.
673.
Singhea, Hindu town, XX. 368.
Singhericonda, XX. 368.
Singing, XX. 368; XV. 607—embel¬
lishments in, 623—of birds, XX. 368.
Single-entry, book-keeping by, IV. 789.
Singrowla, in Hindustan, XX. 368.
Singumnere, in Hindustan, XX. 368.
Sinigaglia, Italian town, XVII. 4—fair
of, IX. 477.
Sinister, XX. 368.
Sinistri, heretics, XX. 368.
Sinkel, in Sumatra, XX. 368.
Sinking Fund, XX. 368 ; VIII. 796 ;
X. 244, 775—Pitt’s plan of a, V. 439
— Walpole’s bill, XXI. 727.
Sinope, port of, IV. 661.
Sinople, in heraldry, XX. 368.
 , specific gravity of, XII. 35.
Sintchei, island, XX. 368.
Sintos, Japanese sect, XII. 514.
Sinuosity, XX. 368.
Sinus, in .anatomy, XX. 368—frontal,
II. 785—large in the bones of several
mammalia, III. 1, 6.
 , in surgery, XX. 369.
 , in farriery, XXI. 616.
Sion, town near Bombay, XX. 369.
 Hill, XII. 546 ; XXI. 988.
 College, VII. 69 ; XIII. 536.
Sionita (Gabriel), his translation of
Edrisi’s Geography, VIII. 432.
Siout, XX. 370.
Sioux, II. 617.
Siphanto, island, XX. 369, 331.
Siphona, insect, IX. 279.
Si-Porah, island, XX. 369.
Sir, title, XX. 369.
Sir Charles Hardy’s Island, in the
Pacific Ocean, XX. 369.
Sir Charles Hardy’s Islands, in the
Pacific Ocean, XX. 369.
Sir Charles Saunders’ Island, or
Tapooamanhoo, XX. 369.
Sir Henry Martin’s Island, XX. 369.
Sir Isaac Point, XX. 369.
Sir Joseph Banks’ Group, XX. 369.
Sir Roger Curtis’ Isles, XX. 369.
Siraf, Persian sea-port, XX. 369.
Sircar, Hindu office, XX. 369.
Sire, title, XX. 369.
Sire, Abyssinian town, II. 56.
Siren, reptile, XIX. 161.
' Sirens, in fable, XX. 369.
142
INDEX,
SIR—SKU
Sirex, insect, tX. 218.
Sirgoojah, Hindu town, XX. 369.
Sirhind, in Delhi, XX. 369.
Sirinagar, Hindu town, XX. 369.
Sirmarks, in ship-building, XX. 275.
Siro, genus of arachnides, III. 367.
Sirocco, wind, XX. 369 ; XVII. 541 ;
XIX. 693 ; XII. 340—electrical state
of the air during, VIII. 615.
Sibset, Hindu town, XX. 369.
Sirus, XX. 107.
Sirvaton, rock near Java, XX. 369.
Siskin, bird, XVI. 581.
Sismondi on Machiavelli, I. 234.
Sisson’s optical instruments, III. 748.
Sissoo-wood of India, XXI. 300, 301.
Sisteron, in France, XX. 370.
Sisters, islands, XX. 370.
Sistrum, musical instrument, XX. 369.
Sisyphus, in fable, XX. 370.
Sitana, reptile, XIX. 144.
Sitang, river, XX. 370.
Sitar, musical instrument, XX. 370.
Sitaris, insect, IX. 170.
Sitfasts in the horse, XXI. 637.
Sitophylax, XX. 370.
Sitta, bird, XVI. 588.
Sittingbocrne, in Kent, XX. 370.
Sittivacca, in Ceylon, XX. 370.
Situs, in algebra, &c., XX. 370.
Siut, Egyptian town, XX. 370.
Siva, XX. 370; V. 176; XI. 399.
Sivana Samudra, island, XX. 370.
Siwah, in Lybia, XX. 370.
Six Islands, off Java, XX. 371.
Six (Mr), on dew, VII. 752—his register
thermometer, XVII. 530; XXI. 240.
Sixth, in music. See Interval, Music.
Sixtus V. (Pope), XX. 371.
Sizars, XX. 372—at Oxford, XXI. 496.
Size, XX. 372—for paper, XVII. 16—
in phrenology, 464.
Skager-Rack, IV. 324, et seq.
Skankarbauw, fish, XII, 179.
Skate, fish, XII. 235.
Seating, XX. 373.
Skeleton, XX. 373 ; II. 759 ; XVII.
613—of brutes, 701, et seq.; III. 1—
cleaned by exposure to ants, 241.
Skene (Sir John), lawyer, XX. 373.
 (Alexander), XX. 375.
 (Loch), VIII. 262.
Skerries, VIII. 234.
Skew-Bridge, XX. 375.
Skey on structure of muscles, XVII. 609.
Skin, structure of the, II. 750 ; XVII.
605—painted by the N. American
Indians, II. 621—cellular tissue under
the, 714 — its connection with the
mucous membranes, 754—chemical
character of, VI. 502—differences of
its complexion, VII. 189—seat of its
colour, 190—of the Crustacea, 497—
eruption of, common in Egypt, VIII.
517—of the mollusca, XV. 324—ex¬
cretory function of, XVII. 655—sen¬
sitive functions, 661—diseases of, in
the domestic animals, XXI. 636. See
Complexion, Skins.
■ of plants, III. 65—pores of, 67
—of trees, 82.
Skinner (John), XX. 377.
 (Stephen), XX. 380.
Skins, imports of, into the United King¬
dom, VIII. 784. See Leather.
Skip-jack, fish, XII. 186.
Skipton, in Yorkshire, XX. 380.
Skiros, Turkish island, XX. 380.
Skirret, culture of, XI. 670.
Skirtings, in joinery, V. 687-8.
Skrimshire (Mr), on the phosphorescent
effects of electricity, VIII. 633-4.
Skua, bird, XVI. 633.
Skull (human), II. 770—general descrip¬
tion of, 782—structure and functions
of, XVII. 613—of the indigenous Ame¬
ricans, II. 616—distinguished by its
spheroidal shape and great size, 709-
ossification of, 745, 783—shape and
dimensions at different ages, 784 —
forms in different nations, ib.—Dau-
bentoh’s occipital angle, III. 6 —
Camper’s facial angle, ib.—Cuvier’s
SKU—SLI
method of estimating the proportion
of the face and, 7—how far corres¬
pondent in shape with the brain,
XVII. 460, 466 — artificial flattening
of, 555—surgical treatment of frac¬
tures of, XX. 837.
Skulls of brutes, XVII. 702, et seq 
mammalia, III. 4—birds, 11—reptiles,
14—fishes, 17—not filled by the brain,
in some animals, 31.
Skunk, in zoology, XIV. 110.
Sky, colour of, XIV. 740; XVI. 510-
instrument for measuring the inten¬
sity of its colour, VII. 572 ; XIV.
740 ; XVII. 530—cold from a clear
sky, VII. 59. See Climate.
Skye, Scotch island, XX. 380.
Slacken, in metallurgy, XX. 381.
Slacks, in Londonderry, XIII. 530.
Slaney, river, XXL 865.
Slate, XV. 189, 191—specific gravity of
slate-clay and stone, XII. 35, 36—dif¬
ferent kinds of slates, V. 682.
Slate-colour, dyeing of, VIII. 343.
Slate-quarries in Britain, XV. 242—
Caernarvonshire, V. 773—Cardigan¬
shire, VI. 137 — Dumbartonshire,
VIII. 258. See the geographical ar¬
ticles generally.
Slateford, aqueduct at. III. 322.
Slater’s-work, V. 682.
Slave river navigation, XVI. 23.
Slave Coast, XI. 29.
Slave-trade, XX. 384—African, II. 234,
238, 239—South American, 632—
commencement of the, 636—of the
Mamlukes, VIII. 484, 485—Adanson
on the, II. 143—discoveries in Africa
extended by, 220—opposition to, in
Britain, V. 448, 454, 459, 461—its
abolition there, 521—compensatory
grant to Spain in 1819, 544—first
abolished by the Danes, VII. 728—
Bryan Edwards on, VIII. 452—op¬
posed by Roscoe, XIX. 473 ; and by
Wilberforce, XXI. 885. See Negroes.
Slavery, XX. 381-in Afghanistan, II.
216—Barbary, IV. 366—Brazil, V.
202—Buenos Ayres, 654—Chili, VI.
537—Colombia, VII. 92—Demerara,
706—India, XI. 403—Jamaica, XII.
497—Java, 533—Nubia, XVI. 295 
Russia, XIX. 579—the United States,
XXI. 458—Virginia, 659—domestic,
among the negroes, II. 223—Aris¬
totle’s view of, III. 528—Lord Ex¬
mouth’s expedition to Algiers for the
suppression of, V. 542—resolutions of
the House of Commons in 1823 for
improving the treatment of slaves,
560—proceedings in 1824, 562—Mo¬
saic law respecting, XV. 565—its in¬
fluence on the Athenians, XX. 437 
villenage, XXL 650. See Captive.
Slavi, XVII. 420 ; XIX. 527—their re¬
ligion, 529.
Slavonic language. See Sclavonian.
Sleaford, in Lincolnshire, XX. 390—
navigation, XVI. 18.
Slebeze, island, XX. 390.
Sledge, XX. 390—of Canada, VI. 60-
of Lapland, XIII. 110.
Sledge-hammer, XX. 390.
Sleep, XX. 390 ; XVII. 681—aliment
less needed during, III. 167—circum¬
stances conducive to, and preventive
of, VIII. 189 -— supposed sleep of
plants, XXI. 587.
Sleep-walking. See Somnambulism.
Sleepers, XX. 390. See Hybernation.
 of a ship, XX. 284.
Sleidan (John), historian, XX. 390.
Sleswick, XX. 391 ; VII. 726.
Sleut-Hound, XX. 391 ; IV. 710.
Such, in metallurgy, XX. 391.
Sliokenburg, island, XX. 391.
Slidderyford, pillars at, VIII. 133.
Slide-valves of steam-engines, XX. 647.
Sliding-Rule, XX. 391.
Slievenamanagh Mountains, XXI. 313.
Sligo, Irish county, XX. 391.
(J. and W.), their improvement
of the still, VIII. 50.
SLI—SMI
Sling, XX. 395; XIV. 419—its em¬
ployment in war. III. 399.
Slingeby (Sir Robert), his work on the
navy, XX. 225.
Slinging, sea-term, XX. 395.
Slipper Island, XX. 395.
Slips for hauling up ships, VIII. 78.
Sloane (Sir Hans), XX. 395—on birds,
XVI. 546—Sloane MSS., XIII. 296.
Slobodsk-Ukraine, XX. 398.
Sloop, or Shallop, XX. 188.
Slot, in sportsmanship, XX. 398.
Sloth, an animal, XIV. 142—bones of
foot, III. 9, 10—stomachs, 35—intes¬
tines, 37—structure, XVII. 703, 706.
Slough, town in Bucks, XX. 398.
Slow-worms, XX.' 122.
Slowaks, XI. 724.
Slubbing of wool, XXI. 932.
Slugs, XV. 356; XVII. 719.
Sluice, XX. 398.
Slur, in music, XX. 398.
Sluys, Dutch town, XX. 398.
Sluzk, Russian city, XX. 398.
Smack, kind of ship, XX. 398.
Smaland, in Sweden, XX. 398.
Smalkald, German town, XX. 399—
league of, XIX. 90—articles of, 91.
Small’s plough, II. 266.
Small Key, island, XX. 399.
Smallpox, buying the, V. 755—inocu¬
lation for, XII. 283 ; XV. 424 ; VII.
200 —deaths from, XV. 517. See
Vaccination.
Smalt, XX. 399—specific gravity of,
XII. 36.
Smaragdite, sp. gr. of, XII. 36.
Smaridia, arachnides, III. 368.
Smearing of sheep, II. 334.
Smeaton (John), XX. 399—his boring-
mill, V. 2—on arches, 270—his im¬
provement of the diving-bell, VIII.
68—on water-wheels, XII. 84, 89, 91;
XXI. 804, 807, 808 — on windmill-
sails, XIV. 433, 436, 454—his pen¬
dulum, XVII. 215 — his air-pump,
XVIII. 83—on the velocity of wind,
112—his pyrometer, 747—Eddystone
lighthouse erected by, XX. 16—his
improvements on the steam-engine,
629—his portable engine, 630—his
great Chasewater engine, 631—his
steam-engine boiler, 674.
Smectymnuus, V. 784 ; XV. 92.
Smee (Mr), on multiplication of works
of art in metal by voltaic electricity,
XXI. 682—on voltaic etching, 683.
Smell, XX. 400—sense of, in man,
XVII. 579,664; XIV. 610; XX. 404
—in brutes, III. 165 ; XVII. 703, et
seq.; ants, III. 240; bees, IV. 523 ;
insects, IX. 78 ; fishes, XII. 158—
acute in the Arabs, III. 330—organ
of, in man, II. 797; in brutes, III. 21.
See Nose.
Smellie (William), XX. 400—on in¬
stinct, XII. 297, 303—his connexion
with Gilbert Stuart, XX. 781-2.
Smelling, XX. 403. See Smell.
Smelt’s visit to Egypt, VIII. 557.
Smelting of iron, VI. 88, 402; XII.
428—by hot-blast, XX. 406; X. 559 ;
XIII. 49; XV. 246, 250, n.
Smerinthus, insect, IX. 244.
Smethwick’s burning-mirror, V. 734.
Smilaceas, in botany, V. 134.
Smilacin, VI. 467.
Smith (Adam), XX. 414—his theoreti¬
cal history of philosophy, I. 3—on the
ancient Greek philosophy, 9—on the
law of nations, 91—on French meta¬
physical writers, 172—his Disserta¬
tion on Language, 175-6—his Theory
of the Moral Sentiments, 358—his
style, ib.—his theory of sympathy,
359, 360-61—on apprenticeship, III.
310—his friendship with Dr Black,
IV. 656—on the high price of gold
before the recoinage, VII. 38—on mo¬
nopoly of colonial trade, 118—on the
value of gold and silver in the early
part of last century, 337—on division
of labour, 388; XVIII. 227—Lord
SMI—SNO
Hailes’s Latin version of his account
of Hume’s last illness. VII. 604—on
exchange, IX. 439 — on municipal
law, XIII. 167—on money, XV. 383,
402—on cash-credits given by banks,
XVII. 43—on wealth, XVIII. 259—
his Wealth of Nations, 270 ; XX. 568
—effects of its publication, I. 358—
its prohibition in Spain, IV. 629—on
capital, XVIII. 279—on desire to bet¬
ter our condition, 281—on the pro¬
ductiveness of agriculture, 283—on
retail-dealers, 284—on value, 286—
on wages, 287—on productive and un¬
productive consumption, 304—on pri¬
mogeniture, 533—his esteem of Ques-
nay, 790—on taxation, XXI. 98,«tscv.
Smith (Charles), on the corn produced
and consumed in the United King¬
dom, VII. 354.
 (Charlotte),novels of, XIX. 346.
 (Dr), his microscope, XV. 43.
 (Edmund), poet, XX. 414.
 (James), of Deanston, his reap¬
ing-machine, II. 270, 350—his spin¬
ning-machinery, X. 556—his self-act¬
ing cotton and spinning mules, XX.
539; mule-jenny, 541; woollen-mule,
545—his system of thorough-drain¬
ing, 730; and subsoil-ploughing, 731.
  (John), of Cambridge, on tho
immortality of the soul, I. 58—pas¬
sages from, illustrative of the Carte¬
sian philosophy of mind, 61.
 (Sir J. E.), V. 85, n.— historical
sketch of botany by, 74.
 (Sir Sidney), his defence of Acre,
V. 489 ; X. 112; XVI. 759; VIII.
490—his negoeiatioh with Kleber, 492.
  (Dr Southwood), on disease,
XVII. 495.
 (Sir Thomas), XX. 413.
  Ov-)> geological discoveries of,
XV. 185, 188, 204.
Smith’s bellows, IV. 718.
Smithery, or smith’s shop, XX. 419—
in farm-offices, II. 273.
Smiting-Line, XX. 419.
Smits (Edward), on the population of
the Netherlands, XV. 533, 547.
Smoaky Cape, XX. 419.
Smoke, XX. 419.
Smoke-balloons, II. 182, 183.
Smoke-consuming, XX. 423.
Smoke-silyer, XX. 425,
Smolensko, XX. 425—Napoleon's cap¬
ture of, X. 155—his retreat from, 158.
Smollett (Tobias), XX. 425-character
of his novels, XIX. 338.
Smooth Island, XX. 428.
Smoothness, perception of, XIV. 609.
Smoults, fishes, XII. 208.
Smugglers, XX. 428.
Smuggling encouraged by indirect taxes,
XXL 111—causes and prevention of
119—of whisky, VIII. 46.
Smut, a disease of wheat, II. 281.
Smynthurus, insect, IX. 295.
Smyrna, in Asia Minor, XX. 429.
Smyth (Capt. W. H.), on the Neapolitan
coasts, XV. 697, et seq.
Snaffle, XX. 430.
Snails, XV. 357, 373; XVII. 719.
Snaith, in Yorkshire, XX. 430.
Snakes. See Serpents.
Snap-fishing, III. 144, 145.
Snares, islands, XX. 430.
Sneek, in Friesland, XX. 430.
Sneezing, XX. 430.
Snellius (Willebrord), X. 429—his mea¬
surement of an arc of the meridian,
I. 502 ; IX. 547—his discovery of the
true law of refraction, I. 511, 631; II
98 ; XIII. 329 ; XVI. 357—his treai
tise on navigation, XV. 748.
Sniggling, XX. 431.
Snipe, XVI. 623.
Snipe-shooting, XX. 314.
Snodgrass (Mr), his plan for preventing
hogging of ships, XX. 291.
Snorro, Edda of, VIII. 410.
Snow, XX. 431; XVII. 537—exported
from Mount -ffitna, II. 200; VII. 59
INDEX.
143
SNO—SOI
—limit of perpetual, II. 560, 608 ;
V. 145—cooling with, VII. 59—red,
X. 758—its effect on the speed of
railway-carriages, XIX. 51.
Snow-drop, tree, XVII. 789.
Snowdon, Welsh mountain, XX. 432;
V. 772—geology of, 773—barometri¬
cal measurement of, IV. 400.
Snuff-makers, diseases of, XIV. 510.
Sny, in ship-building, XX. 288.
Snyders (Francis), XX. 432 ; XVI. 722.
So, king of Egypt, VIII. 466.
Soaghim, Hindu town, XX. 432.
Soane River, XX. 432.
Soane, Hindu river, XX. 432.
Soap, XX. 432—employed in distillation,
VIII. 51—knowledge of, in ancient
times, 296—manufacture of, in Chili,
VI. 533; France, X. 183; Scotland,
XIX. 769.
Soapstone, XV. 148—its use as an un¬
guent of machinery, XIV. 417.
Soar river navigation, XVI. 18.
Sobieski (John), XII. 590; XVIII. 196
—the Turks defeated by, XXI. 413.
Sobriety, a virtue of the Chinese, VI.
587.
Socage, XX. 433.
Soccatoo, II. 237; XI. 709.
Social War, XIX. 393.
Society, XX. 433 — man formed for,
XIV. 197; XV. 473—duties of, 471-
social propensity of brutes, V. 616.
See Caste, Rank.
Societies, XX. 4 34—ad vantages to be de¬
rived from learned, I. 48—statistical,
XX. 569. See Academies.
Society Isles, XX. 434 ; XVIII. 324.
Socinians, XX. 434; XII. 564; XXI.
449—their opinion of the Holy Spirit,
XXL 233.
Socinds (Laelius), XX. 435.
 (Faustcs), XX. 435.
Sockna, IX. 530.
Socotora, island, XX. 4 35.
Socrates, XX. 435; XVIII. 12, 22—
his method of reasoning, I. 17—his
answer to those who maintained that
the superiority of the soul of man to
that of a brute arises from superior
organization, 180—a teacher of virtue
rather than a searcher after truth,
300—Eherhard’s defence of, VIII. 392
—on physiology, XVII. 725.
 of Constantinople, XX. 470.
Socratic school of philosophy, XVII.
431.
Soda, XX. 470 ; VI. 394 — salts of,
445—specific gravity of salts of, XII.
36—poisonous quality of, XIV. 502—
manufacture of, at Newcastle-upon-
Tyne, XVI. 152.
Soda-alum, II. 572, 574.
Sodalite, specific gravity of, XII. 36.
Sodder, XX. 471.
Soderah, in Lahore, XX. 470.
Sodium, VI. 394—Davy’s discovery of,
VII. 639—specific gravity of, XII. 36.
Sodom, XX. 470—apples of, XVI. 745.
Sodor, XX. 470 — bishopric of, XIV.
211.
Soemmering, anatomical works of, II.
828—on the form of the eye, III. 22.
Soest, Prussian city, XX. 471.
Sofala, XX. 471; II. 232.
Soffit, XX. 471; III. 470; XII. 609.
Sofia, Turkish city, XX. 471.
Softness, perception of, XIV. 609.
Sogdiana, V. 698.
Sohagepoor, Hindu town, XX. 471.
So ham, in Cambridgeshire, XX. 471.
Sohadl, Hindu town, XX. 471.
Sohnpoor, Hindu town, XX. 471.
Soho, near Birmingham, V. 148.
Soignes, in Belgium, XX. 471.
Soil, XX. 471; XXI. 570—adaptation
of crops to, II. 264—its effects on
roots, III. 89; on plants, XVII. 547
—of gardens, XI. 633, 677—qualities
of timber grown on different soils,
XXL 292.
Soiling, mode of feeding horses, II. 292.
Soissons, in France, XX. 471.
t
S OK—SOM
Sokor Zok, in Armenia, XX. 471.
Solan-goose, XVI. 634 ; III. 168.
Solander (Dr), V.75, 78; VII. 296—his
botanical labours, V. 84.
Solander’s Island, XX. 471.
Solaneae, in botany, V. 123—some kinds
of, poisonous, XIV. 505.
Solanin, VI. 466.
Solano, XVII. 541.
Solar microscopes, XV. 44.
Solarium, in conchology, XV. 347.
Solder, XX. 471.
Soldiers, XX. 472—diet of, VIII. 22-
utility of training to, VIII. 25—dis¬
eases of, XIV. 510. See Army, Re¬
cruiting.
Soldin, Prussian town, XX. 472.
Soldner’s formula representing law of
relation between temperature and
force of steam, XX. 595.
Sole of windows, III. 470.
Soleb, temple of, XVI. 297.
Solecism, in grammar, XX. 472.
Sole-fish, XII. 251.
Solen, in conchology, XV. 341, 372.
Solenostoma, fish, XII. 227.
Soleure, or Solothurn, XX. 474.
Solfa and Solfaing, XX. 472.
Solfatara, Italian lake, XX. 472.
Solfaterra, mountain, XX. 472.
Solicitor, XX. 472—Solicitors in Su¬
preme Courts of Scotland, VIII. 419.
Solid, XX. 472—defined, X. 431, 432-
geometry of, 457.
Solidad, XIV. 264.
Solidity, XX. 472; XVII. 798—what,
and how perceived, XIV. 609—a ne¬
cessary quality of matter, 645.
Solidungula, in zoology, XIV. 151—
their bones, III. 4, et se#.—muscles,
19—organs of smell, 21—ears, 25—
organs of voice, 28—nervous system,
31—teeth, 33—length of their intes¬
tines, 37.
Soliloquy, XX. 472.
Soliman. See Solyman.
Solingen, Prussian town, XX. 472.
Solinus on the Hebrides, XI. 202.
Solipeda, structure of, XVII. 707.
Solis (Antonio de), XX. 472.
Solitaries, XX. 473.
Solitary Island, XX. 473.
Solitary Islands, XX. 473.
Soller, in Majorca, XX. 473.
Solo, XX. 473.
Solofra, Italian city, XX. 473.
Solombo (Great), island, XX. 473.
Solomon, XX. 473 ; XII. 568; XVI. 750
—Proverbs of, II. 360; XVIII. 665
aqueduct of, III. 317—temple of, 413;
XXL 178—Song of, VI. 100.
Solomon’s Islands, XX. 473; IV. 213.
Solon, XX. 473—his government, IV.
144—code, 145—travels, 146—legisla¬
tion, 165—calendar, VI. 7—conver¬
sation with Croesus, VII. 474.
Soloon, island, XX. 474.
Solor Isle, XX. 474.
Solothurn, XX. 474.
Solotonoscha, XX. 474.
Solstice, in astronomy, XX. 474.
Solyman II., the Magnificent, XX. 472;
XVIII. 466; XXL 412, 413.
SoLYMANIA, XX. 474.
Solway Firth, VIII. 261—manufacture
of salt on its shores, VII. 511, n. 1.
 Moss, battle of, XIX. 729.
Somalpet, Hindu town, XX. 474.
Somateria, bird, XVI. 637.
Sombor, XX. 474 ; XXL 989.
Somers (John Lord), XX. 474.
 (Sir George), IV. 587.
Somers’s Islands. See Bermudas.
Somerset (Lord Charles), V. 562.
 (Edward), Marquis of Worces¬
ter, XXI. 941—his invention of the
steam-engine, XX. 615—his Century
of Inventions, ib.—his quintessence
of motion, 686.
 House, London, XIII. 544.
Somersetshire, XX. 474—fisheries of,
IX. 604—Coal canal, XVI. 18.
Somerton, XX. 476.
SOM—SOS
Somerville (Lord), plough improved by,
II. 266—his efforts to improve breeds
of sheep, 336.
■  (Mrs), IX. 638—on the solar
rays, XIII. 696; XVI. 421,422.
Sommerville’s safety-gun, XI. 39.
   Chase, XL 740.
Somme, in France, XX. 476—canal of
the, XVI. 6.
Sommeany, Persian town, XX. 476.
Sommee, Hindu town, XX. 476.
Somnambulism, XX. 476 ; XVII. 459,
681; VIII. 186.
Somner (William), XX. 478.
Sompre, Hindu town, XX. 478.
Somus, Egyptian deity, VIII. 553,
Sonata, XX. 478.
Sonatina, in music, XX. 478.
Sonderhausen, XX. 478.
Sondre Grund, island, XX. 478.
Sondrio, in Lombardy, XX. 478.
Sonehut, Hindu town, XX. 478.
Sonepour, Hindu town, XX. 478.
Song, XX. 478. See Singing.
Songhur, Hindu town, XX. 478.
Songi, river, XX. 478.
Songkiang, Chinese city, XX. 478.
Song-Men-Chan, island, XX. 478.
Songoa, island, XX. 478.
Sonnerat, his Voyage to New Guinea,
IV. 211—on birds, XVI. 549.
Sonora and Sinaloa, XIV. 818.
Soolimas, African tribe, XII. 759.
Sooloo Isles, XX. 478.
Soonda, Hindu town, XX. 479.
Soondia, Hindu town, XX. 479
Soonel, Hindu town, XX. 479.
Soonergong, in Bengal, XX. 479.
Soongur, Hindu town, XX. 479.
Soonput, Hindu town, XX. 479.
Soontaburdar, XX. 479.
Soopoor, Hindu town, XX. 479.
Soora Goy, XXI. 255.
Soorootoo Isle, XX. 479.
Sooropoor, Hindu town, XX. 479.
Soory, Hindu town, XX. 479.
Soosneer, Hindu town, XX. 479.
Soosoo, in Sumatra, XX. 479.
 , an animal, XIV. 172.
Soosoos, land of the, XX. 94.
SoosooHOONAN.in Java, XX. 479.
Soot, XX. 480—its use as a manure,
II. 305—as a dye-stuff, VIII. 332.
Sooty, Bengalese town, XX. 480.
Sophi, Persian title, XX. 480.
Sophis, or Sofees, XX. 480.
Sophism, in logic, XX. 480.
Sophist, XX. 480,449,450,457; XVIII.
21, 36.
Sophocles, Greek dramatist, XX. 480—
. tragedies of, VIII. 148.
Sophonisba, XIV. 276.
Sophora Japonica, XVII. 787.
Soping, in Celebes, XX. 481.
Sopra, Hindu river, XX. 481.
Sora, Italian city, XX. 481.
Soranus, Ephesian anatomist, II. 691.
Sorau, in Prussia, XX. 481.
Sorbonne, XX. 481; XVII. 77.
Sorcerer-fish, XII. 174.
Sorcery, XX. 481—Malebranche on, I.
75. See Magic.
Sordawalite, specific gravity of, XII. 36.
Soredia, in botany, V. 57.
Sorex, in zoology, XIV. 102.
Soria, in Spain, XX. 481.
Soriang, river in Celebes, XX. 481.
Sorites, in logic, XX. 481 ; XIII.
452.
Soroeaba, XVII. 161.
Soroe, island, XIII. 112.
Sorosus, in botany, V. 50.
Sorrel, XL 675.
Sorrento, Italian city, XX. 482.
Sortilege, XX. 482; V. 315.
Sortino, in Sicily, XX. 482.
Sortinsroi, in Russia, XX. 482.
Sorus.in botany, V. 54.
Sosigenes, his improvement of the ca¬
lendar, VI. 5.
Sosistratus, VI. 187.
Sosva, Russian rivers, XX. 482.
Sosteria, sacrifices. XX. 482.
SOT—SOU
Sothic period, VI. 658.
Soto (Dominic), the first writerwho pub¬
licly condemned the African slave-
trade, I. 314.
Souchong-tea, XXI. 131.
Soudah Mountains, IX. 530.
Soudan, African kingdom, XX. 482;
II. 222, 237 ; XVI. 224.
Souerick, Armenian town, XX. 482.
Sough, in mining, XX. 482.
Souhoud, Wahabi chief, VIII. 501.
Soui-Tcheou, Chinese city, XX. 482.
Souimanga, bird, XVI. 589.
Soul, XX. 482 — nature and essence
of, I. 57; III. 159, 163; XVII. 559—
presumption of its immortality from
analogy of laws of nature, I. 58—Leib¬
nitz on the, 128, 259—argument of
Addison for immortality of, 162 —
futility of the attempts to assimilate
to each other the faculties of men
and those of brutes, 179-81 —ancient
opinions as to nature of, III. 294—
Aristotle on, 506—Athenian specu¬
lations concerning, IV. 163—Have
brutes souls? V. 613 — immortality
and immateriality of, VI. 729—im¬
mortality of, XIV. 684 ; XV. 487;
XXI. 213—motive to virtue from im¬
mortality of, XV. 487—Plato’s notions
of, XVIII. 34—pre-existence of, 517.
See Immortality, Mind, Spirit.
Soult (General), his Spanish campaigns,
V. 525, et seq.
Sound, XX. 482 —nature of, II. 109
— propagation of, 110; XII. 120 ;
XVIII. 119—its velocity through dif¬
ferent solid bodies, II. 113 ; through
different gases, 116—musical, 119,120
■—grave and acute, 121—beauty of,
IV. 500—Lagrange on, XIII. 13. See
Acoustics, Echo, Music, Trumpet.
— , in geography, XX. 486; IV.
324 — dues paid by English vessels
passing the, VII. 721.
Sound-Board, XX. 486.
Sounding at sea, XX. 486.
Sour. See Tyre.
Sour Krout, IX. 734.
Sour substances. See Acids.
Sourabaya, town in Java, XX. 487.
Sourera, Hindu town, XX. 487.
Sourgotte, XX. 487.
Sousa (M. A. de), V. 188.
 (Pero Lopes de), V. 189.
 (Thome de), V. 190.
Soutcheoufou, XX. 487.
Souterasi, III. 319.
South, XX. 487.
 '(Sir James), his telescope, IV
103—his transit-instrument, 104 —
his equatorial instrument, 108.
 (Robert), divine, XX. 487.
South Cape, XX. 488.
South-East Islands, XX. 488.
South Island, XX. 488.
South of India, XX. 488.
South Sea, XX. 488. See Pacific Ocean.
South Sea Bubble, IV. 448; V. 377;
VII. 184 ; XVIII. 401.
South Sea Company, VII. 183.
South Sea Islands, poultry in, XVI. 610
—heights of mountains, XVII. 505—
volcanoes, 514. See Polynesia.
South-West Cape, XX. 488.
South-West Isles, XX. 488.
Southam, in Warwick, XX. 488.
Southampton, XX. 488; XI. 129—bat¬
tle of, VIII. 735—Southampton and
Salisbury canal, XVI. 18.
Southend, in Essex, XX. 488.
Southern (John), his experiments on the
elastic force of steam, XX. 582—his
formula representing law of relation
between temperature and force of
steam, 595—on latent heat, 601.
Southerne (Thomas), XX. 488—dra¬
matic works of, VIH. 174.
Southsea, in Hampshire, XVIII. 459.
South-Moulton, in Devon, XX. 489.
Southwark, XX. 489—Bridge, V. 280;
XIII. 512; XIX. 121.
Southwell, XX. 489.
144
INDEX
SOU—SPA
SPA—SPE
SPE—SPI
SPI—SPO
So0THWold,XX. 489—naval battle with
the Dutch in baj' of, V. 347.
Sovereign, XX. 489—power, ib.
Sow. See Swine.
Sowrerby (Mr), his botanical plates, V.
86—on conehology, XV. 344, 376.
Sozomenus (Hermias), XX. 489.
Spa, in Belgium, XX. 489.
Spacaforno, XX. 489 ; XV. 702.
Space, XIV. 654, 667—modes of, ib.—
Clarke’s, Leibnitz’s, and D’Alembert’s
views regarding the nature of, I. 142
—Kant’s notions respecting, 195, 280
—phrenological faculty of, XVII. 464.
Spadix, in botany, V. 40.
Spafields riots, V. 546.
SpagiRic Art, XX. 489.
Spahis, XX. 489.
Spain, XX. 490—history of, ib ; XI.
483—statistics, XX. 514 ; IX. 419—
writers on ethics, I. 314—Academies
of the Moors, II. 67—Academies of
Painting and. History at Madrid, 74,
75—Royal Spanish Academy, 77—
wars with the Algerines, 504—wars
with the Almoravides, 536—Ameri¬
can colonies, 637—West India colo¬
nies, 648—pointed and Moorish ar¬
chitecture, III. 423—influence of the
Italian school on architecture, 427—
army, 601—painters, 650 ; XVI. 722
—Bibles, III. 617—botanists, V. 82—
relations to Britain in the reign of
James the First, 307, 308—Gibraltar
taken by the British, 369—War of the
Succession, ib.; IV. 220 ; XVI. 121-
quadruple alliance,V. 376—wars with
Britain, ib., 377, 379, 386, 480, 519 ;
XXI. 728—war with Portugal in 1762,
V. 386—disputes with Britain about
Falkland Islands, 391; and Nootka
Soun'd, 457—Peninsular war, 524—
negociations with Britain in 1823,
558—conquests of the Carthaginians,
VI. 184, 195—Casiri’s catalogue of
Arabic MSS. in, 214—cultivation of
chemistry by the Moors, 343—influ¬
ence of chivalry in, 595—era of, 660
—unsound policy pursued as to the
precious metals, VII. 123—colonies,
126—miserable colonial system, XIV.
778 ; II. 637 ; XVIII. 2—not' a flou¬
rishing country in the middle ages,
VII. 158—corn-trade, 363—condition
at the time of the Crusades, 490—
war with England in reign of Eliza¬
beth, VIII. 757—Armada, ib.; XX.
221, 502—trade with England, VIII.
779—drama, 155, 156—insects, IX.
99 — sieges of towns by the Bri¬
tish, 776, 778, n.—French invasions,
X. 94, 149—French trade, 189—gun-
barrels, XI. 36—the Inquisition, XII.
286—rate of interest, 327—treat¬
ment of the Jews, 580 — language,
XIII. 88—libraries, 307—variation of
the needle, 734, 736—ancient mines,
XV. 243—present mines, 250, et seg.
—history of money, 400—coins, 408,
411—mortality, 521—inland naviga¬
tion, XVI. 7, 738—newspapers, 173
—rtable-land of central Spain, XVII.
5 0 2—height of mountains, 5 0 6—solano
' wind, 541—poetry, XVIII. 161 ; X.
316—the Reformation, XIX. 95—re-
ligiop, 316—romance, 330, 350—Ro¬
man conquests, 388—sculpture, XX.
10—slave-trade, 385-6—effect of heavy
taxes, XXI, 96, 121—computation of
tonnage of ships, 329—weights and
measures, 855, 847 — inferiority of
wines, 897—wool exported to Britain,
923, 924—map of, XX. PI. 463 and
464. See Spaniards, Spanish.
 (New), increase of population of,
XVIII. 410.
Spaitla, temple at, IV. 363.
Spalanx, in zoology, XIV. 137.
Spalatbo, XX. 523—palace of Diocle¬
tian at, III. 444 . II. 138.
Spalding, in Lincolnshire, XX. 523.
Spalding’s improvement of the diving-
bell, VIII. 66.
Spallanzani (Lazzaro), XX. 528.
Spalmadori, island, XX. 525.
Span, measure, XX. 525.
Spandau, Prussian town, XX. 525.
Spandrell, XX. 525 ; III. 470.
Spanheim (Ezekiel), XX. 525.
Spaniards, their cruelties in America,
II. 108, 638, 639 ; VIII. 686—their
beards, IV. 473—annoyed by the bu-
caneers, V. 620—their invasion of
Chili, VI. 539 ; of Ireland, XII. 364,
366—wars in the Netherlands, XI.
510; XVI. 106—conquest of Mexico,
VII. 378 ; XIV. 766—revolt of Mex¬
ico, 781—treatment of the Haitians,
XVI. 681—conquest of Peru, XVII.
295 ; of La Plata, XVIII. 1; of Por¬
tugal, 468—their character, XX. 522.
See Spain.
Spaniel, XX. 311.
Spanish pointer, XX. 310.
 sword, III. 592.
 Town, Jamaica, XII. 501.
 wax, XXI. 821.
Spar, XX. 525; XV. 149—crystalliza¬
tion of, VIII. 512, et seq?—specific
gravity of, XII. 36—Derbyshire spar,
VII. 735—Iceland spar; see Iceland.
Sparedrus, insect, IX. 167.
Sparidse, in fishes, XII. 176.
Spark, electric, VIII. 582.
Sparmann on birds, XVI. 549.
Sparring, XI. 96.
Sparrow, hedge, XVI. 576—house, 580.
Sparta, or Lacedaemon, XX. 525 ;
XIII. 7, 8—army of, III. 585—wars
with Athens, IV. 153, et seq.—danc¬
ing in, VII. 614—theft allowed in,
XV. 458—wars with Thebes, XXI.
195-9.
Spartacus, insurrection of, XIX. 394.
Spartianus (iElius), XX. 531.
Spartivento, cape, XV. 699.
Spasm, XVII. 13-2.
Spatangidse, zoophytes, XXI. 1008.
Spatha, in botany, III. 96 ; V. 40.
Spathellae, in botany, V. 40.
Spavin, XXL 616, 617.
Spaying, II. 319, 326 ; IX. 721.
Speakers of the British Houses of Par¬
liament, XVII. 89.
Speaking-trumpet, II. 118; XXI. 390.
Spearman (Major), his reform of the
British artillery, III. 633.
Speciale (Nicholas), on an eruption of
jEtna, II. 204.
Species, in logic, XX. 531; XIII. 447.
 of animals, III. 161; XVII. 549,
554, 585—What constitutes a distinct
one ? II. 135—difference of, producible
only by original creation. III. 160,
161—the production of fertile pro¬
geny not a certain test of the iden¬
tity of species of the parents, ib.—
number of, XVII. 549.
 , in algebra, XX. 531.
 , in botany, V. 59, 61, 63.
 , in optics, XX. 531.
Specific, in philosophy, XX. 531.
Specifics, in medicine, XX. 531; XIV.
524.
Specific Gravity, XX. 531; X. 717 ;
XII. 19—Table of, 26—Archimedes’s
knowledge of the doctrine of, III.
404—hydrostatic balance for deter¬
mining, IV. 307—of a mixture of air
and vapour, XII. 131—of woods,
XIV. 403—important in mineralogy,
XV. 126—of sea-water in different
latitudes, XVII. 519—of steam, XX.
602.
Specodes, insects, IX. 232.
Spectacles, XX. 531—invention of, I.
508 ; XVI. 351—mentioned by Roger
Bacon, XIII. 829—snow-spectacles,
XV. 53—Mr Airy’s cylindrical spec¬
tacles, XVI. 393.
Spectra, in optics, XX. 531; XVII.
672.
Spectre, or apparition, XX. 531; III.
294 ; XVII. 674.
Spectre-bat, XIV. 100.
•Spectrum, prismatic, VI. 633 ; XIII.
331; XVI. 403—no action of light
beyond the limit of the, VI. 757.
Spectrum, insect, IX. 191.
Speculation in trade, profits of, VII. 168
—pernicious effects of, ib.
Speculative, XX. 531.
Speculum, XVI. 378 ; XX. 822, n.
Spedding (Mr), VII. 537.
Speech, a characteristic of man, II. 709.
See Language.
Speed (John), historian, XX. 531.
Speedy-cut, XXI. 620.
Speidell (J.), on logarithms, XIII. 418.
Speldhurst, in Kent, XX. 531.
Spelling, in grammar, XX. 532.
Spelman (Sir Henry), XX. 532.
Spence (Joseph), XX, 532.
  on entomology, IX. 84, et seq.
See Kirby and Spence.
Spencer (John), English theologian,
XX. 533—on baptism, IV. 352.
 (Earl), library of, XIII. 300.
 (Thomas), on the art of multi¬
plying works of art in metal by vol¬
taic electricity, XXL 682.
 Cape, XX. 533.
Spencer’s Gulf, XX. 533.
Spendius, VI. 194.
Spenser (Edmund), XX. 533—merits of
his poetry, X. 169.
Spermaceti, XX. 535—specific gravity
of, XII. 36.
Spermaceti-whale, XIV. 183—amber¬
gris found in the, II. 593.
Spermatic chord, II. 824.
Spermatozoa, XXL 992.
Spermoderm, in botany, V. 50.
Speusippus, XX. 535.
Spey, river, XX. 535 ; XV. 491.
Speyer, XX. 547.
Spezzia, island, X. 730.
Sphacelus, XVII. 128.
Sphacteria, IV. 157.
Sphseridium, insect, IX. 151.
Sphaerium, in conchology, XV. 341.
Sphaeroderus, insect, IX. 130.
Sphserodiata, insects, IX. 151.
Sphserotus, insect, IX. 166.
Sphagebranchus, fish, XII. 225.
Sphegides, insects, IX. 229.
Sphcgina, insect, IX. 273.
Sphene, in mineralogy, XV. 160—pyro¬
electricity of, VIII. 598.
Spheniscus, bird, XVI. 631.
 , insect, IX. 166.
Sphenoid bone, in man, II. 772—in the
mammalia. III. 4—in birds, 12.
Sphere, XX. 535—in geometry, X. 465
—how' to develops, XII. 609—mensu¬
ration of, XIV. 574— refraction of
rays by, X VI. 390—projection of the,
X. 413; XVIII. 656—celestial, III.
754—terrestrial, X. 403—attraction
of spheres, IV. 177.
Spherical trigonometry, XXI. 377.
Spheriodactyli, reptiles, XIX. 147.
Spheroid, XX. 535—definition and pro¬
perties of elliptical, IV. 175—attrac¬
tion of spheroids of revolution, 179—
mensuration of, XIV. 576.
Sphex, insect, IX. 229.
Sphincter, XX. 535; XVII. 610.
Sphingides, insects, IX. 243.
Sphinx, fabled monster, XX. 535.
 , of Egypt, XX. 535 ; VIII. 549,
558.
 , insect, IX. 243 ; IV. 533.
Sphyrsena, fish, XII. 171.
Spice, XX. 535. See Condiments.
Spiders, III. 353—their power of absti¬
nence, 167—means of destroying, XII.
293—colours of webs of, XVI. 450.
Spies in Vienna, XXI. 645.
Spigeliese, in botany, V. 120.
Spigelius (Adrian), on anatomy, II. 698.
Spike, in botany, V. 40.
Spikelet, in botany, V. 40.
Spilbergen, his visit to the Ladrone
Islands, XVIII. 316.
Spilsby, in Lincolnshire, XX. 535.
Spinach, culture of, XI. 672.
Spinal cord, in man, II. 810 ; XIV. 583 ;
XVII. 660, 673—in brutes. III. 30.
Spinal system, XIV. 583.
Spinax, fish, XII. 233.
Spindle, XX, 536.
Spindle-tree, XVII. 787.
Spine (human), bones of, II. 759—canal
of, 763—motions of, ib. — structure
and functions of, XVII. 614.
  of brutes, XVII. 701, et seq.;
III. 2. See Spinal Cord.
 , in botany, V. 33.
Spinel, XV. 155—ruby-lenses, 31.
Spinet, or Spinnet, XX. 536.
Spinning, XX. 536—of silk, 347—of
wool, XXI. 932. See Cotton-manu¬
facture, Silk-manufacture, &c.
Spinning-frame, Arkwright’s, III. 568;
VII. 400.
Spinning-jenny, VII. 39 ; XXI. 932.
Spinola, XVI. 116.
Spinoza (Benedict), XX. 546 ; VII. 205
—origin of, I. 144—Fontenelle’s opi¬
nion of his system of philosophy, 145
—his doctrines, in their practical ten¬
dency, t)ie same as atheism, ib.—points
on which he has been misunderstood,
ib.—coincidence of his principles of
government with those of Hobbes, 146
—tendency of his speculations to de¬
grade human nature, ib.—his private
life and character, 264.
Spio, worm, XI. 220.
Spira (Francis), XIX. 779, note.
 (John de), printer, XVIII. 548.
Spiracles of insects, XVII. 721.
Spiroeese, in botany, V. 107.
Spiral, in geometry, XX. 547.
Spiral vessels ot plants. III. 45—their
structure and transformations, 46,
47—in roots, 88.
Spire, Bavarian city, XX. 547—Diet of,
XIX. 89^.
 , in*architecture, XX. 547 ; III.
423, 455, 470—Gothic, 388.
Spirit, in metaphysics, XX. 547; XVII.
559—ancient opinions respecting, III.
294. See Daemon, Soul.
  (Holy), in theology, XI. 535 ;
XXL 232 ; IV. 675.
Spirits, in chemistry, XX. 547; VI. 437
—effects of excessive indulgence in,
VIII. 24—consumption of, in Eng¬
land, VIII. 778—imports of, into the
United Kingdom, 784—French, X.
183—distillation of, from potatoes,
XVI. 267—Scotch manufacture of,
XIX. 769—effects of the increase and
reduction of the duties on, XXL 121,
122—Irish spirit-trade, XII. 405, 423.
See Alcohol, Distillation.
Spiritusasperetlenis,II. 547; XVII. 505.
Spirketing, in ship-building, XX. 284.
Spirlin, fish, XII. 210.
Spirobranchus, fish, XII. 190.
Spirolina, mollusca, XV. 345.
Spiroptera, zoophytes, XXI. 998.
Spirorbis, w'orm, XI. 218.
Spirula, mollusca, XV. 345, 352.
Spitalfields, distress among the weavers
of,ini764,V. 390.
Spithead, XVIII. 461.
Spittal, XI. 692.
Spittle. See Saliva.
Spitzbergen, XVIII. 215, etseq.
Spix (Dr), on San Paulo, XVII. 159, et
seq.—referred to, II. 609, et seq.
Splanchic nerve, II. 813.
Spleen, erectile tissue of the, II, 726—
anatomy and function of, 817 ; XVII.
632—diseases of, 478, 482 ; in the
domestic animals, XXI. 628.
Splicing, in sea-language, XX. 547.
Splint, XXI. 616.
Splint-coal, VI. 444.
Splugen, XX. 547—the Frencn army’s
passage of the, XV. 729.
Spodumene, XV. 150—sp. gr. of, XII. 36.
Spohn on hieroglyphics, XI. 359—his
division of archaeology, XII. 290.
Spoils, XX. 547.
Spolank, in Java, XX. 547.
Spoleto, in Italy, XX. 547.
Spondee, in poetry, XX. 547.
i Spondia tuberosa, tree, XYII. 734.
INDEX,
145
SPO—STA
Spondiacece, in botany, V. 10G.
Spondylis, insect, IX. 178.
Spondylus, in conchology, XV. 342.
Spongia, or sponges, XX. 547 ; XXI.
1023—use of, in diving, VIII. 61.
Spongioles, III. 55, 89.
Sponsoks, XX. 547.
Spontaneous, XX. 547.
Spoon-bill, bird, XVI. 620.
Spooning, XX. 547.
Sporades, in astronomy, XX. 547.
Sporadic Diseases, XX. 548.
Sports, old English, XVII. 112. See
Amusement.
Sporules, in botany, V. 53. »
Spotswood (John), XX. 548.
Spout-fish, XV. 372.
Sprains, in oattle, XXI. 617.
Sprat (Thomas), XX. 548 — his esti¬
mate of Bacon’s genius, I. 241.
 , fish, XII. 215.
Spray of the sea, XX. 548.
Sprengel (Prof.),on disease, XVII. 123.
Spring, in mechanics, XX. 551 —of
clocks and watches, VI. 769, 786, 787
—of coaches, VII. 6.
 , season, XX. 551—the young of
most animals produced in, III. 169—
beauty of, IV. 491.
Springs, XX. 548; XVII. 527 —im¬
pregnations of, ib. — mineral, ib.—
thermal, 528 — intermittent, 529 ;
XVIII. 130—boiling springs in Ice¬
land, XII. 146—temperature of, XV.
177—uniformity of temperature, VI.
746. See Mineral Waters.
Spring-steelyard, XXI. 838.
Spring-tide, XXI. 259.
Springfield, Massachusetts, XIV. 305.
Springbok, African animal, II. 228.
Sprit of a vessel, XX. 551. '
Spur, XI. 621.
Spur-wing, bird, XVI. 636.
Spurry, culture of, II. 295.
Spurzheim (John Gaspar), XX. 551—
on phrenology, XVII. 456.
Spy, XX. 552—spies in Vienna, XXI. 645.
Spyne, or Spynace, XX. 218.
Squadron, XX. 552.
Squads, XX. 552.
Squall, XX. 552.
Squalus, fish, XII. 231.
Squamipennes, fishes, XII. 178.
Squamous suture, II. 782.
Square, instrument, XX. 552.
 , X. 433—perspective of, XVII.
276, et seq. — method of the least
squares, XVIII. 636—naval, XXI.759.
Square-rigged ship, XX. 552.
Square Root, extraction of the, III. 566.
Square Sail, XX. 552.
Squaring of the circle, XX. 552.
Squatarola, bird, XVI. 617.
Squatina, fish, XII. 234.
Squinting, origin of, XVI. 511.
Squire, in chivalry, VI. 603.
Squirrel, XIV. 130.
Sravana Balguta, XX. 555.
Sri Muttra, XX. 555.
Sri Permatura, XX. 556.
Stabat Mater, XX. 556.
Stable, XI. 597, 603—stables of farms,
II. 2 71—stable-managementof horses,
320.
Stabroek, VII. 704.
Stackhousiese, in botany, V. 105.
Stacks of corn, II. 281; of hay, 292.
SjxADE, in Hanover, XX. 556.
Stadium, Greek measure, XX. 556.
  ~, an edifice in ancient Athens, ac¬
count of, IV. 125.
Stadtholder, XX. 556.
Stael (Madame de), on the literary life
of Voltaire, and the French philoso¬
phy of the 18th century, I. 277—on
Kant’s Critique of Pure Reason, 190
—mistakes of, respecting the philo¬
sophy of Locke and Leibnitz, ib.—
on Fichte’s system of philosophy re¬
lative to the pronoun I, 200—her ha¬
tred of Napoleon, XV.725, n. 1—cha¬
racter of her novels, XIX. 355.
Staff, XX. 556.
STA
Staffa, island, XX. 556; XIX. 749—
visited by Sir Joseph Banks, IV. 349.
Stafford, English town, XX. 557.
 (Edward), Duke of Buckingham,
VIII. 743.
Staffordshire, XX. 557—potteries of,
VIII. 779 ; XVIII. 500—iron-making
in, XII. 431; XX. 408—Worcester¬
shire canal, XVI. 18.
Stag, XIV. 160.
Stag-hound, XI. 699, 706.
Stag-hunting, XI. 746.
Stage, in theatres, XX. 559.
Stage-coaches, VII. 6.
Stageirus, or Stageira, Aristotle’s birth¬
place, III. 490.
Stahl (George Ernest), XX. 559—on
chemistry, VI. 348—doctrines of,
XIV. 580—on physiology, XVII.728.
Staigue Fort, in Kerry, XII. 704.
Staindrop, in Durham, XX. 560.
Staines, in Middlesex, XX. 560.
Stainforth and Keadby Canal, XVI. 19.
Stainville (M. de), IV. 416.
Stair (Lord). See Dalrymple (James.)
Staircase, in architecture, XX. 560.
Stairs, in architecture. III. 463—build¬
ing of, V. 676—measurement of, 691
—construction of wooden, XII. 614—
masonry of, XIV. 300 —perspective
of, XVII. 282.
Staking of horses, XXI. 628.
Staktometer, Brewster’s, XII. 25.
Stalactites, XX. 560—do not grow
like plants, III. 156—specific gravity
of, XII. 36.
Stalbridge, XX. 560.
Stale, in sportsmanship, XX. 560.
Stalk of plants, III. 81.
Stall-feeding of cattle, II. 327.
Stallions, II. 318.
Stamford, in Lincolnshire, XX. 560.
Stamfordbridge, battle of, VIII. 708.
Stamina, XX. 560—in botany, ib.; III.
95, 97 ; V. 39, 43.
Stamp-duties, XXI. 116.
Stamp-Office, Edinburgh, VIII. 420.
Stampers, wipers of, XIV. 424.
Stamphalia, island, XX. 560.
Stamping of coins, VII. 5i.
Stanchions of a ship, XX. 560.
Standard of value, XV. 385—of money,
395—bad effects of its reduction, 401.
 Scales used in the trigonometri¬
cal survey, XXI. 360.
   Weights and Measures, XXI.
841, 843.
 , battle of the, XIX. 706.
 , in ship-building, XX. 284.
Standing, muscles employed in, II. 796
—act of, XVII. 616.
Standon, in Hertfordshire, XX. 560.
Standra, Turkish village, XX. 560.
Stanhope (Charles), Earl Stanhope,
XX. 561—his printing-press, XIV.
447; XVIII. 559.
 (George), divine, XX. 561.
 (Philip Dormer), Earl of Ches¬
terfield, XX. 560—his character of
Marlborough, VI. 688—his govern¬
ment of Ireland, XII. 381.
Stanislas Leckzinski, king of Poland,
XX. 561; XXL 22, 23.
Stanislawow, XX. 562.
Stanley (Sir John), his account of the
great Geyser, XII. 146.
 (Thomas), XX. 562.
Stannaries, XX. 563.
Stannary Courts, XX. 563.
Stanovoi Mountains, XX. 563.
Stanstead, in Herts, XX. 563.
Stanstead-Mountfitchet, XX. 563.
Stanza, in poetry, XX. 563.
Stapalensis (J. F.),his French New Tes¬
tament, IV. 617.
Staphyleae, in botany, V. 105.
Staphylinus, insect, IX. 137.
Staple, XX. 563.
Staple Inn, Chancery, XII. 282.
Star, in astronomy, XX. 563.
Stars (fixed), IV. 41; III. 756—accele¬
ration of, II. 83—twinkling of, III.
763—arrangement of, IV. 41—paral-
STA—rSTE
lax, distance, magnitude, and number
of, IV. 43—motions of, 44—cata¬
logues of, 42, 95; VI. 238—variable
and double stars, nebulae, and the
Milky Way, IV. 46.
Stars do not affect the weather, XIV.
717—manner of taking altitude of,
XV. 777, 778—spurious discs of, XVI.
446—fixed lines in star-light, 419—
falling stars, XX. 563; VIII. 623;
IX. 587—shot-stars, XVI. 277.
 , infortification,XX. 563;IX. 785.
Star-Board, XX. 563.
Star-Chamber, XX. 563; V. 315, 319.
Star-fish, XXI. 1008.
Star-forts, IX. 785; XX. 563.
Star-Shot, XX. 563; XVI. 277.
Staraja-Russa, XX. 563.
Starch, XX. 563 ; XXI. 568—a con¬
stituent of flour, IV. 297—descrip¬
tion and qualities of, 293—sugar of,
VI. 473 ; VIII. 44—chemical charac¬
ter of, VI. 475—-common, ib.—hor-
dein, 47 6—inulin, ib.—lichen starch,
ib.—amylin, 477—nutritive properties
of, VIII. 19.
Starching of cotton cloth by bleachers,
IV. 687.
Stargard, Prussian city, XX. 564.
Staritza, Russian town, XX. 564.
Stark (William), M.D., XX. 564—his
experiments on digestion, VIII. 21,22.
Starkenburg, XX. 564 ; XI. 287.
Starling, bird, XVI. 583.
Starlings of bridges, XX. 564.
Starvation, power of different animals
to support, III. 167—effects of, VIII.
22—death from, XIV. 498. See Fast.
Staten Island, XVII. 117.
States, or Estates, XX. 564.
States-General, convocation of, X. 44.
Statical balance, IV. 388.
Statics, XX. 564—principles of, I. 605.
Stationary, in astronomy, XX. 566.
Stationers’ Company, VII. 313—their
almanacs, II. 532.
 Hall, London, XIII. 535.
Statistics, XX. 566—medical, XIV.
522—distinct from political economy,
XVIII. 272—of Britain, France, &c.;
see Britain, &c.
Statius (Publius), XX. 569; VIII. 152.
Statuary, XX. 569. See Sculpture.
Statues, XX. 569—Greek, III. 645—
gigantic figures erected by the Egyp¬
tians and Babylonians, VII. 696 —
measurement of ancient, VIII. 182.
See Sculpture; and PI. 194 to 198.
Statue-worship, XVIII. 333.
Stature, human, II. 630,757 ; XIV. 207
—of the Patagonians, II. 630; XIV.
202 ; XVII. 118.
Statute-labour in Scotland, XXI. 100.
Statutes defectively framed in England,
XIII. 169. See Acts of Parliament.
Staunton (Sir George), VI. 569—on Chi¬
nese porcelain, XVIII. 432—on Chi¬
nese rice, XIX. 234.
Staurotide, specific gravity of, XII. 36.
Staves of casks, VII. 305.
Steam, XX. 570 ; XI. 190—general
considerations regarding properties,
phenomena, and applications of, XX.
570—experimental researches con¬
cerning its elastic force at different
temperatures,' 577—on the mathema¬
tical law which connects its elastic
force with its temperature, 592—on
its constitutional caloric, density,
and volume at different temperatures,
and generation and condensation, 600
—application of our knowledge of its
properties, phenomena, and laws, to
practical and economical purposes,
604—heating of hot-houses by, XI.
653—its nature still obscure, XIX.
43—its use in the consumption of
smoke, XX. 424. See Boiling, Eva¬
poration.
Steam-Engine, XX. 610—historical de¬
scription, 611 ; X. 554 ; XIV. 351-
era of the ancients, XX. 611—era
of the Marquis of Worcester, 615—
STE
era of Watt, 632 ; XXI. 816—descrip¬
tion of the modern steam-engine, XX.
642—high-pressure, 643—rotatory,
663—boilers of, 671—marine, 693—
boring of cylinders of, V. 4—wooden
beams of, VI. 170—congelation might
be connected with the, VII. 65—its
slow application to cotton-spinning,
404—French manufacture of, X. 182
—governor of, XIV. 419—power of,
438—locomotive, XIX. 41,56—appli¬
cation of steam in high and low pres¬
sure engines, XX. 577—benefits to
society from the, XXI. 819—descrip¬
tion of the plates, XX. 707.
Steam-loom, or power-loom, VII. 409;
X. 558; XXL 830, 933.
Steam-Navigation, XX. 686—history
of, X. 549—its benefits to Britain,
VII. 414—Jonathan Hulls’ patent in
1735, VIII. 197—French, X. 200-
Scotch, XIX. 768 ; X. 549—advan¬
tages of, XX. 54—in war, 59—pro¬
portion of power to tonnage of steam¬
ships, 699—their proportions, form,
and mechanical structure, 701—mode
of ascertaining their tonnage, XXI.
327—of the United States, 465, 469
—explosions, 470.
Stearic acid, VI. 430.
Stearine, VI. 442—a component of fat,
II. 716.
Steatite, or soapstone, XV. 148—spe¬
cific gravity of, XII. 36—used as an
unguent of machinery, XIV. 417.
Steatornis, bird, XVI. 579.
Steel, XX. 711—annealing of, III. 196
composition and manufacture of, VI.
404—engraving on, IX. 54—specific
gravity of, XII. 36—process of cut¬
ting it with soft iron, XIV. 457—co¬
hesion of, XX. 757—polarity of steel
balances in watches, VI. 800. ' See
Cutlery, Bluing.
Steele (Sir Richard), XX. 713—his
connexion with Addison, II. 145, 146
—his quarrel with Swift, XXI. 37.
Steelyard, IV. 306 ; XIV. 358—history
of the, XXL 835.
Steeple, in architecture, III. 470.
Steeple-chace racing, XI. 625.
Steerage of a ship, XX. 715.
Steering. See Seamanship.
Steevens (George), XX. 715—on the
popularity of Shakspeare, 170.
Stegana, insect, IX. 290.
Steganography, XX. 715.
Stein-bock, in zoology, XIV. 164.
Stele, in architecture, III. 470.
Stelis, insect, IX. 234.
Stella, XXI. 35, 38.
Steller, in zoology, XIV. 172.
Stellerides, zoophytes, XXI. 1008.
Stellerus, in zoology, XIV. 171.
Stellio, reptile, XIX. 142.
Stellionate, XX. 715.
Stemphila, XX. 715.
Stemphylites, wine, XX. 715.
Stemples, in mining, XX. 715.
Stems of plants, III. 81, 82 ; V. 32.
Stenelytra, insects, IX. 165.
Steno (Nicholas), anatomist, II. 699—
on the lymphatics, 729.
Stenodactylus, reptile, XIX. 148.
Stenography, XX. 716 ; II. 551.
Stenopterus, insect, IX. 179.
Stenopteryx, insect, IX. 293.
Stenorhynchus, in zoology, XIV. 124.
Stenostoma, insect, IX. 167.
Stenotrachelus, insect, IX. 166.
Stentorophonic Tube, XX. 719.
Stenus, insect, IX. 137.
Step, in a ship, XX. 719, 285—in ar¬
chitecture, V. 676.
Stephanides (Wm.), XVII. 112, n. 9.
Stephano (St), in Sicily, XX. 719.
Stephanomia, zoophytes, XXI. 1017.
Stephanus Byzantinus, XX. 719.
 (Charles), XX. 720.
  (Henry), senior and junior,
printers, XX. 719, 720.
 (Paul), printer, XX. 721.
   (Robert), senior, printer, XX.
146
INDEX
STE
STE—STO
STO—STR
STR
719; XVIII. 558—his Hebrew and
Latin Bibles, IV. 614 615.
Stepiianus (Robert), junior, printer,
XX. 720.
 , insect, IX. 222.
Stephen, king of England, VIII. 716—
his war with Scotland, XIX. 705.
Stephen’s Island, XX. 721.
 Islands, XX. 721.
Stephens (Geo.), on irrigation, XII. 448.
Stephilius. See Stifelius.
Stepney, in Middlesex, XX. 721.
Steppes, in South America, II. 607, 642
—in Russia, XIX. 563, 564, 586—in
Siberia, XX. 327.
Stekcobarians, sect, XX. 721.
Stereobate, in architecture, III. 470.
Stereographic Projection, XX. 721.
Stereometer, XX. 721; XII. 24.
Stereometry, XX. 721—Kepler’s tract
on, I. 438.
Stereotomy, XX. 721.
Stereotyping, XX. 721; XVIII. 563
—estimate of expense saved by, 565.
Sterility, causes of, XIV. 493—of hy¬
brids, III. 161.
Sterlet, fish, XII. 230 — gelatinous
muscles of, III. 20.
Sterling, XX. 721—sterling silver of
Britain, VI. 420; gold, 421.
Stern of a ship, XX. 721, 277, 278, 294.
Stern-Fast of a ship, XX. 721.
Stern-most, XX. 721.
Stern-Post of a ship, XX. 721.
Stern-Sheets of a boat, XX. 721.
Sterna, bird, XVI. 633.
Sternarchus, fish, XII. 226.
Sternbergite, specific gravity of, XII. 36.
Sterne (Laurence), XX. 721, 428 ;
XVI. 238—his character of Lord Ba¬
thurst, IV. 449—his novels, XIX. 339.
Sternomantis, XX. 722.
Sternoptyx, fish, XII. 213.
Sternoxi, insects, IX. 138.
Sternson, in ship-building, XX. 284.
Sternum, in man, II. 764—in mammalia,
III. 3—in birds, 12—in fishes, 17.
Sternutative, XX. 722.
Steropis, insect, IX. 168.
Stettin, in Prussia, XX. 722 ; IV. 329
trade of, XVIII. 694.
Steubenville, in Ohio, XVI. 330.
Stevelly (Professor), on the pendulum,
XVII. 215.
Steven (Mr), builder of a bridge in Dub¬
lin, VI. 290, n. 1.
Stevenage, in Hertford, XX. 722.
Stevens (R. L.), his improvements on
steam-boats, XX. 690.
Stevinus, or Stevin (Simon), engineer,
I. 474—discovered that the pressure
of fluids is according to their depth,
480—introduced the practice of deci¬
mal fractions, 587—on hydrostatics,
592—on the resolution of forces,
VIII. 358; XIV. 350—on navigation,
XV. 747, 748—on statics, XX. 564;
I. 592.
Stevenson (Alan), on light-houses, XX.
24, 25.
 (Robert), on the destruction of
timber by the Limnoria terebrans,
VII. 503—the Bell-Rock Lighthouse
erected by, XX. 17.
 (Rev. Mr), on the Carli inscrip¬
tions, XII. 291.
 (W. B.), his account of the Pe¬
ruvians, II. 628, 629, n.
Steward, XX. 762.
Stewart (Charles Edward). See Charles
Edward.
 (Dugald), XX. 724 ; I. 386-394
—his Dissertation on the progress.of
metaphysical and ethical philosophy, 1
—on beauty, IV. 487, 501—succeeded
by Dr T. Brown, V. 602—on dreaming,
VIII, 188—on instinct, XII. 304—on
the origin of language, XIII. 64, n.—
on the science of politics, 180—on
motion, XIV. 660—on. number, 663
—Mr Mill’s eulogium of, XV. 77—
his character of Dr Adam Smith, XX.
418.
Stewart (John), his rope-machinery,
XIX. 469. '
 (Dr Matthew), XX. 723; I.
582—completed the Newtonian theory
of the moon, 664 ; IV. 56.
Stewart’s Islands, XX. 725.
Stewartries in Scotland, XIX. 758.
Steyer, Austrian city, XX. 725.
Steyermark, in Austria, XX. 725.
Steyning, in Sussex, XX. 725.
Stibadium, XX. 725.
Sticcato, XX. 725.
Stichos, XX. 725.
Stick-lac. See Lac.
Stickle-back, fish, XII. 175
Stifelius, I. 591—mathematical attain¬
ments of, 442—his improvements in
algebra, II. 423.
Stigma, in botany. III. 95, 98; V. 45.
Stigmata, XX. 725.
Stigmatizing, XX. 725.
Stignpis, insect, IX. 230.
Stilagineae, in botany, V. 131.
Stilbite, XV. 151—sp. gr. of, XII 36.
Stilicho, Roman general, XIX. 420.
Still, used in distillation, VIII. 49.
Stillingfleet (Edward), XX. 726.
 (Benjamin), XX. 726.
Stilobatum, XX. 727.
Stilpno-siderite, sp. gr. of, XII. 36.
Stilpo of Megara, XX. 726.
Stilton, XX. 727—cheese, XIII. 209.
Stimulants, in medicine, XX. 727.
Stimuli, muscular, XVII. 609.
Sting of insects, XX. 727. See Bee,
Entomology.
Stipulae, III. 95.
Stipulation, XX. 727.
Stipules of leaves, V. 36.
Stirling, XX. 727—carse of, VI. 179,
720 ; XIX. 746—bridge of, IX. 767.
 (James), I. 595.
Stirlingshire, XX. 729.
Stirrup, XX. 733 ; XI. 610, 620.
Stiviere, Mantuan town, XX. 734.
Stizus, insect, IX. 229.
Stoa Poecile, in ancient Athens, XVIII.
138 ; IV. 116—of Hadrian, I ’9.
Stob^us (Joannes), XX. 734.
Stockach, battle of, X. 111.
Stockbridge, in Hants, XX. 734.
Stockholm, XX. 734 ; IV. 327—Aca¬
demy of Sciences at, II. 72—Academy
of the Fine Arts, 74—canal to Got-
tenburg, IV. 331 — libraries, XIII.
316—phenomenon of the Malar lake,
XXI. 285.
Stocking, XX. 734.
Stocking-manufacture of England, VIII.
779—of Nottingham, XVI. 281, 283.
Stocking-trade, VII. 407.
Stockport, in Cheshire, XX. 735.
Stocks. See Funding System.
Stockton,in Durham, XX. 735.
Stodart (Mr), his mode of tempering
steel, VII. 566.
Stoics, XX. 735 ; XVII. 431; I. 302-
notice of the most celebrated, 303—
evils which resulted from their at¬
tempts to stretch their system beyond
the limits of nature, 304—their dia¬
lectic, VII. 756.
Stoke, battle of, VIII. 740.
Stoke-Newington, XVI. 166.
Stokesley, in Yorkshire, XX. 735.
Stole, XX. 735—Groom of the, ib.
Stolpe, Prussian town, XX. 735.
Stoltzhirs, engraver, IX. 45.
Stomach, human, II. 814—diseases of,
XVII. 480, 481, 482, 483, 490—its
influence on other organs, 483—in¬
fluenced by the liver, 491—its func¬
tions, 628. See Digestion.
 of brutes. III. 35 ; XVII. 702,
et seq.—of bees, IV. 520—of insects,
IX. 85—diseases of, in the domestic
animals, XXI. 623, 625, 626.
Stomach-pump, XVIII. 180.
Stomach-staggers, XXI. 624.
Stomapoda, Crustacea, VII. 502.
Stomatia, mollusca, XV. 348, 364.
Stomias, fish, XII. 200.
Stomoxidae, insects, IX. 279.
Stomoxys, insect, IX. 279.
Stone, town in Stafford, XX. 735.
 in the bladder. See Calculus.
 (Edmund), XX. 736.
 (Jerome), XX. 736.
Stones, XX. 736—transmission of sound
by, II. 113—expansion of, by heat,
XI. 188—specific gravity of various
kinds of, XII. 36—for building, XIV.
287 ; V. 787—friction of, XIV. 412-
showers of, XIX. 59—strength of dif¬
ferent kinds of, XX. 759—rocking
stones, 736 ; VIII. 207 — sonorous
stone, XX. 736. See Geology, Miner¬
alogy, Limestone, Sandstone, &c.
Stone-chat, bird, XVI. 275.
Stone-cutting, XIV. 298, 300.
Stone-masonry, V. 673; XIV. 286.
Stone-quarries in Britain, XV. 249.
Stone-ware, XVIII. 434, 500.
Stoneflies, use of,in angling, 111.135,139.
Stonehaven, XX. 736 ; XII. 721.
Stonehenge, XX. 737 ; II. 603; III.
408 ; VIII. 207 ; XII. 619, 707.
Stonehouse, XVIII. 66.
Stony-Middleton, in Derbyshire, tepid
spring at, VII. 736.
Stony Stratford, XX. 747.
Stoppers in a ship, XX. 738.
Storax, specific gravity of, XII. 36.
Storck, Anabaptist leader, II. 679.
Storch on the mercantile system, XVIII.
263—on political economy, 276, et seq.
Storeys, commencement of the practice
of building houses in, III, 421.
Stork, XVI. 619.
Storms, indicated by the barometer, IV.
394. See Wind, Tornado.
Stornoway, XX. 738 ; XIII. 264 ; XIX.
488—fishery of, 487.
Storr’s classification of animals, III. 170.
Stort river navigation, XVI. 19.
Story on the conflict of laws, XIII. 174.
Stothart’s character as a painter, XVI.
727.
Stour river navigation, XVI. 11, 19.
Stourbridge, town in Worcestershire,
XX. 738—canal, XVI. 19.
Stourport, XX. 738.
Stove, XX. 738; XI. 195; XXI. 597—
botanical, XI. 686—stove-plants, 687
—stove-grate, XVIII. 127—warming
of apartments by stoves, ib.
Stow (John), historian, XX. 743—his
Chronicle quoted, VI. 613.
Stow on the Wold, XX. 743.
Stowage, XX. 743.
Stowe, gardens at, X. 338.
Stowell (Lord), decisions of, XIII. 175.
Stowey (Nether), town in Somerset¬
shire, XX. 743.
Stowmarket, in Suffolk, XX. 743.
Strabane, VIII. 114 ; XXI. 441.
Strabo, XX. 743; X. 390—his Geogra¬
phy, 395; XIX. 779—on Egyptian
architecture, III. 262—his descrip¬
tion of the site of Corinth, VII. 327
—on mythological fables, 463—on
Egyptian history, VIII. 460—on the
tides, XXL 260.
Strachey (Edward), his translation of a
Hindu treatise on algebra, II. 425.
 (Sir H.), on the Indian courts of
law, XI. 453-4.
Strada (Famianus) XX. 744.
Strafford (Earl of). See Wentworth.
Strahan (William), XX. 744.
Straiks, XX. 745.
Strain, or Stress, XX. 745—on tim¬
bers, VI. 158 —strains to which
strength is opposed, XX. 755.
Strait, XX. 745 ; X. 407—various
meanings of the word, VIII. 12.
Strakes of a ship, XX. 745, 284.
 , in mining, XX. 745.
Stralsund, XX. 745; IV. 329—trade
of, XVIII. 694—siege of, in the year
1715, XXI. 25.
Stramonium, a poison, XIV. 506.
Strange (Sir Robert), engraver, XX.
745; IX. 54.
Strangford(Lough),VIII.132; XIII. 570.
Strangling, death from, XIV. 498.
Stranraer, Scotch town, XX. 746.
Strap, in shipbuilding, XX. 290„
Strapado, a punishment, XX. 747.
Strasbourg, in France, XX. 747 —
early printing at, XVIII. 548.
Strata, in geology, XX. 747; XV. 180,
276 ; XVII. 507.
Stratagem, XX. 747.
Strategus, XX. 747.
Stratford, in Essex, XX. 747.
 (Fenny), in Bucks, XX. 747.
 (Stony), in Bucks, XX. 747.
Stratford-on-Avon, in Warwickshire,
XX. 747—canal, XVI. 19.
Strath, XX. 747.
Strathaven, Scotch town, XX. 747.
Strathbogie, II. 29.
Strathmiglo, in Fifeshire, XX. 748.
Strathmore, XX. 748 ; IX. 744.
Strathpeffer mineral wells, XIX. 485.
Strathspey, in Scotland, XX. 748.
Stratification, XVII. 507.
Stratified rocks, XV. 180, 276.
Stratiomydse, insects, IX. 271.
Stratiomys, insect, IX. 272.
Strato of Lampsacus, XX. 748—on
plastic nature, XVII. 797.
Stbaton, Cornish town, XX. 748.
Stratus, cloud, XVII. 534.
Straubing, in Bavaria, XX. 748.
Strauss (Dr), XXI. 1027.
Straw, HI. 81.
Straw-hats, XI. 166.
Straw-plaiting in Orkney, XVI. 541.
Strawberry, culture of, XI. 651.
Streamers. See Aurora Borealis.
Streatham, XX. 748—castle,VIII. 291.
Streets in ancient Rome, III. 445.
Streets blowing-machine, IV. 718.
Strength, muscular, improved by train¬
ing, VIII. 25—instrument for mea¬
suring, 388 — its influence on the
mind, 442. See Muscles.
Strength of Materials, XX. 748—•
passive, VI. 152—machine for trying,
XIV. 454—strength of stone, 289-
Tables of strength of fastenings in
ship-building, XX. 296 — Captain
Baker’s experiments on the strength
of timbers, XXI. 300.
Strepsiceros, African animal, II. 228.
Strepsilas, bird, XVI. 624.
Strepsiptera, insects, IX. 60, 254.
Stress, or strain. See Strain.
Stretching, in navigation, XX. 779.
Stretta and Stretto, XX. 779.
Striata corpora, II. 809.
Striated Leaf, in botany, XX. 779.
Stricture, in pathology, XVII. 132 of
the urethra, XX. 842.
Stridulantes, insects, IX. 201.
Strike, measure, XX. 779.
String, in architecture, III. 470.
.String-courses, in architecture, V. 675.
Strings (musical), theory of, II. 122.
Stringhalt in horses, XXL 634.
Strix, bird, XVI. 566.
Strobilus, in botany, V. 49.
Strogonoff (Anika), XX. 324.
Strokestoun, XIX. 480.
Stromateus, fish, XII. 188.
Stromboli, volcanic island, XX. 779;
XIII. 370—eruptions of, XVII. 513.
Strombus; in conchology, XV. 347.
Strombusidse, mollusca, XV. 364.
Stromeyer, notice of his discovery of
cadmium, V. 770. v
Stromness, in Orkney, XX. 779.
Stromnite, specific gravity of, XII. 36.
Strongbow, XII. 354.
Strongylium, insect, IX. 166.
Strongylus, zoophyte, XXI. 997—in the
domestic animals, 632.
Strontian, VI..396—salts of, 446—sae-
charate of, 472—specific gravity of
salts of, XII. 36.
Strontianite, a mineral, XV. 143.
Strontium, VI. 396.
Strophe, in poetry, XX. 780.
Strophiolse, in botany, V. 50.
Stroud, XX. 780.
Stroudwater navigation, XVI. 19.
Struensee, VII. 723.
INDEX,
147
STR—SUB
Struma, in botany, Y. 55.
Struthio, bird, XVI. 615.
Struthiophagi, IX. 378.
Struthium, IV. 678.
Struts, in carpentry, V. 684.
Strutt (Jedediah), III. 569, n. 1.
 (Josiah), VII. 400, 407.
Strutt’s Regal and Ecclesiastical Anti¬
quities, XII. 250.
Struve (Prof.), on Jupiter’s satellites,
IV. 33—on Saturn’s ring, 34—on mul¬
tiple stars, 47—his telescope, 102—
his measurement of an arc of the me¬
ridian, IX. 551.
Struyck (Nicolaas), on the population of-
Holland, XV. 515, 545.
Strychnia, a poisonous alkaloid, XIV.
506 j XVIII. 178.
Strychnin, VI. 462—salts of, 463.
Strype (John), XX. 780.
Stuard’s patent anchor, III. 105.
Stuart (Arabella), V. 305.
  (Gilbert), XX. 780, 402—on
the feudal system, IX. 522, 524.
  (James), his Antiquities of
Athens, III. 430—on the Tower of the
Winds, VII. 758.
 (James), on Illinois, XII. 248.
 (General Sir John), V. 523.
Stubner, anabaptist leader, II. 679.
Stucco, XVII. 796—plastering of walls
with, V. 680—decay of, on walls, 681.
See Gypsum.
Stud, XX. 784.
Students, diseases of, XIV. 509.
Studding-Sails, XX. 784.
Study, in music, XX. 784.
Stuff, in commerce, XX. 784.
Stuhlweissenburg, XX. 784.
Stukeley (William), XX. 784.
Stupor, XX. 785.
Sturdy, disease of cattle, XXI. 633.
Sturgeon, fish, XII. 230—bloodvessels
of, III. 39—sturgeon-fishery in Rus¬
sia, XIX. 576.
Sturiones, in ichthyology, XII. 230.
Sturm, or Sturmius (John), XX. 785.
Sturminster-Marshal, XX. 785.
Sturminster-Newton, XX. 785.
Sturnus, bird, XVI. 583.
Sturt (Captain), his expedition into New
Holland, IV. 207 5 XXI. 714.
Stuttgart, in Wirtemberg, XX. 785-
library of, XIII. 313.
Styella, mollusca, XV. 368.
Stygia, insect, IX. 246, 267.
Style, XX. 785—in architecture, III.
470—in botany, 95, 98; V. 45—in
joinery, 688, 689.
 , in language, XX. 785—Addi¬
son’s, I. 162—his definition of fine
writing, ib.—simplicity of, VII. 319
—prolixity sometimes useful,’VIII.
256—principles of, XIX. 214.
 , old and new, in chronology, VI.
656; XVIII. 391, n.
Stylidiese, in botany, V. 117.
Stylites, XX. 785; XI. 495.
Stylobate, in architecture, III. 470—
Doric, 437—Ionic, 439, 449—Corinth¬
ian, 440, 447.
Stylops,insect, IX. 254.
Styria, IV. 227—scenery of, 229.
Styx, fabled river, XX. 785.
Suakin, Nubian town, XX. 786.
Suan, Hindu town, XX. 786.
Suard (Monsieur), his character of Cor¬
neille, I. 135.
Suarez (Francis), Jesuit, XX. 786.
Subah of the Moguls, XX. 786.
Subahdar, XX. 786.
Subaltern officer, XX. 786.
Subarkan, Turkish village, XX. 786.
Subbulgur, Hindu town, XX. 786.
Subclavian artery, II. 820.
Subdeacon, XX. 786.
Subduple Ratio, XX. 786.
Subduplicate Ratio, XX. 786.
Suberic acid, VI. 430.
Suberin, VI. 480.
Subiaco, early printing at, XVIII. 548.
Subito, in music, XX. 787.
Subjunctive mode, X. 660, 697.
SUB— SUG
Sublapsarians, XVIII. 516.
Sublimate, in chemistry, XX. 787.
Sublimation, in chemistry, XX. 787.
Sublimity, IV. 500; X. 707.
Submultiple, XX. 787—Ratio, ib.
Subordinaries, in heraldry, XI. 251.
Subpcena, in law, XX. 787.
Surreptitious, XX. 787.
Subrogation, XX. 787.
Subroy, Hindu town, XX. 787.
Subsoil-ploughing, XX. 731.
Substance, mistaken application of the
word, I. 242. See Matter.
Substantive noun, X. 640, 683.
Subsulphurous acid, VI. 375.
Subtangent of a curve, XX. 787.
Subtense, in geometry, XX. 787.
Subtraction, in arithmetic, XX. 787;
III. 544—of vulgar fractions, 558—
of decimals, 560,562, 563—in algebra,
II. 428, 432.
Subulicornes, insects, IX. 209.
Subulipalpi, insects, IX. 134.
Subunreeka, river, XX. 787.
Succadana, in Borneo, XX. 787; V. 10.
Succession, French law of, VII. 391—
war of the Spanish, IV. 220 ; V. 369 ;
XVI. 121. See Primogeniture.
Suceinea, mollusca, XV. 348, 358.
Succinic acid, VI. 429.
Succory, culture of, XI. 674.
Succula, in mechanics, XX. 787.
Suchet (General), V. 534.
Suck, river, X. 303.
Suckers, fishes, XII. 236.
Sucking, operation of, XVIII. 124 —
whether an instinctive act of infants,
XII. 296, 301.
Sucking-fish, XII. 222.
Suckling (Sir John), XX. 787—charac¬
ter of his poetry, XVIII. 170.
Suckut, Hindu town, XX. 787.
Sucre (General), IV. 757,760; VII. 103.
Suctasgur, Hindu town, XX. 787.
Suction, II. 45. See Sucking.
Suctoria, insects, IX. 60, 294.
SUDASHYGUR, XX. 787.
Sudatory, XX. 787.
Sudermania (Duke of), revolution in
Sweden in his favour, XXI. 28.
Sudis, fish, XII. 216.
Sudras, Hindu caste, VI. 224 ; XI. 402.
Sueca, Spanish city, XX. 787.
Suen-Hoa, Chinese city, XX. 788.
Suetonius Tranquillus, XX. 788.
 Paulinus, V. 299 ; XIX. 403.
Suevi, XX. 788; X. 473—their irrup¬
tion into Spain, XX. 492.
Suevus, German river, XX. 788.
Suez, XX. 788—canal across isthmus
of, XVI. 1.
Suffocation, VIII. 201 ; XIV. 498.
Suffolk, XX. 789—breed of pigs, II.
338 — punch, 317—duns, 323—fish¬
eries, IX. 602.
Suffragan, XX. 790.
Suffrage, XX. 790.
Sugar, XX. 790 ; VI. 472; VIII. 52;
XVII. 625; XXI. 568—of Ava,IV. 240
—Bengal, 565—Bourbon, V. 151—Bra¬
zil, 206-7—St Domingo, VIII. 107—
France, X. 184—Hindustan, XI. 380,
391—Italy, XII. 488—Malaga, XIV.
53—Mexico, 801—the United States,
XXI. 463—ants fond of, III. 241—
contained in wheat, IV. 298—consti¬
tuents of, V. 247—cane-sugar, VI. 472
—sugar of figs, 473; of starch, ib.; of
mushrooms, ib.; of manna, 474; of
liquorice, ib. ; of milk, 499; of dia¬
betes, 501—effects of feeding a dog
solely on, VIII. 18—its nutritive qua¬
lities, 20; XVII. 625—its use in cur¬
ing gravel, VIII. 24 ; and in preserv¬
ing food, IX. 734—is the only source
of ardent spirits, VIII. 44—different
kinds of, ib.—specific gravity of, XII.
36—optical properties of, XVI. 505
—Mr Howard’s process of boiling in
vacuo, XX. 576—its production from
seeds, XXI. 569—essential in wine¬
making, 894—Prussian manufacture
of beet-root sugar, XVIII. 692.
SUG—SUL
Sugar-ant, III. 239, 241—means of de¬
stroying it, 244.
Sugar-candy, VI. 79 ; XX. 796.
Sugar-cane, XII. 499—texture of, III.
62—stem of, 81—often injured by
ants, 242.
Sugar-duties, VII. 176.
Sugar-houses in Glasgow, X. 553.
Sugar-trade of London, XIII. 504.
Sugat, in Asia Minor, XX. 797.
Sugden on the usury-laws, XII. 325.
Suggestion, its meaning as employed by
Reid and Berkeley, I. 167—and by Dr
T. Brown, 400.
Suggowly, Hindu town, XX. 797.
Suiatoi Nos, in Russia, XX. 797.
Suicide, XX. 797—common among the
North American Indian women, II.
620—no crime with the Chinese, VI.
587—in Paris, XVII. 81—Socrates’s
opinion of, XX. 459.
Suidas, Greek lexicographer, XX. 799
—on chemistry, VI. 341.
Suir, Irish river, XXI. 313—its naviga¬
tion, XVI. 23.
Suit, or action at law, XX. 799 ; II. 131.
Sujah Dowlah, XI. 418.
Suk El Harp, in Arabia, XX. 799.
Sukana, Syrian village, XX. 799.
Suki, Turkish town, XX. 799.
Sula, bird, XVI. 634.
Suliago, islands, XX. 799.
Suliotes, II. 377.
Sully (Maximilian de Bethune, Duke
of), XX. 800—anecdote of, IV. 473—
superstition of, XX. 813.
Sullivan on feudal law, XX. 781.
Sulphates, VI. 375.
Sulphides of antimony, VI. 386; arsenic,
384 ; and molybdenum, 390.
Sulpho-antimoniates, VI. 459.
Sulpho-arseniates, VI. 457.
Sulpho-arsenites, VI. 458.
Sulphocyanic ether, VI. 439.
Sulphocyanodides, VI. 456.
Sulphohydrates, VI. 457.
Sulphomolybdates, VI. 458.
Sulphotellurates, VI. 459.
Sulphotungstates, VI. 459.
Sulphur, in chemistry, VI. 374-—in mi¬
neralogy, XV. 171—for gunpowder,
XI. 78—specific gravity of, XII. 36—
useful in destroying insects, 293 —
of Japan, 512—supposed showers of,
XVII. 536.
Sulphur acids, VI. 436.
Sulphur acid salts, VI. 457.
Sulphur Island, XX. 800.
Sulphureous springs, XVII. 527—in
Derbyshire, VII. 736.
Sulphiirets of antimony, VI. 386—ar¬
senic, 384—barium, 395—bismuth,
417—cadmium, 411—calcium, 397—
cerium, 400—chromium, 387—cobalt,
409—columbium, 391—copper, 415
glucinum, 399—gold, 420—iron, 405
—lead, 412—manganese, 408—mer¬
cury, 418—nickel, 408—osmium, 425
—palladium, 423—phosphorus, 382
—platinum, 422—potassium, 393—
selenium, 379—silver, 419—thorium,
402—tin, 414—titanium, 392—tung¬
sten, 390—uranium, 389—vanadium,
388—yttrium, 400—zinc, 410'—zir¬
conium, 401.
Sulphuretted hydrogen, in chemistry,
VI. 376—in mineralogy, XV. 137—
poisonous quality of, XIV. 503, 504
—springs impregnated by, XVII. 527.
Sulphuric acid, in chemistry, VI. 374—
in mineralogy, XV. 137—specific gra¬
vity of, XII. 36—poisonous quality
of, XIV. 503.
Sulphuric ether, VI. 438.
Sulphurous acid, VI. 374—poisonous
quality of, XIV. 503.
Sulpicia, Roman poetess, XX. 800.
Sulpitius Severus, XX. 800—his con¬
nexion with Vigilantius, XXI. 648.
Sultan, Turkish, XX. 800 ; XXI. 420.
SULTANHISSAR, XX. 800.
Sultanpore, Hindu town, XX. 800.
Sulzer (John George), XX. 800.
SUL—SUP
Sulzer (Mr), his experiments on the
elasticity of air, XVIII. 100.
Sumach, a brown dye-stuff, VIII. 331.
Sumatra, XX. 801—cannibalism in,
III. 249—edible birds’ nests, IV. 646
fillagree, IX. 579—language, XIII.
82—serpents, XX. 136—map of, XII.
PI. CCCVII.-2.
Sumaun, Hindu town, XX. 808.
Sumbawa, island in the Eastern Seas,
XX. 808—volcano in, XVII. 513.
Sumbhulpore, in Hindustan, XX. 808.
Sumboonhaut, XX. 808.
Sumbul, XX. 808—river, VI. 685.
Sumishore, Hindu town, XX. 808.
Summer, XX. 808.
Summer-lightning, VIII. 622.
Summer Islands. See Bermudas.
Sumnum, Persian town, XX. 808.
Sumptuary Laws, XX. 808.
Sumy, Russian city, XX. 808.
Sun, XX. 808 ; III. 764—its motions,
7 57—its oval appearance in the hori¬
zon, 763—its apparent circular mo¬
tion in the ecliptic, 764—its orbit,
768—its diameter, 769—variation of
its motion, ib.—describes areas pro¬
portional to the times, ib.—eccentri¬
city of its orbit, 771—equation of the
centre, ib.—secular diminution of
the eccentricity of its orbit, 772—de¬
termination of its place in its orbit,
ib.—its parallax, distance, and vo¬
lume, 773—its spots and rotation,
778—position of its axis, 780—its
constitution, 783—its eclipses, IV. 9
—transits of Venus and Mercury over
its disc, 24—force by which it dis-
turbs the moon’s motion round the
earth, 54—elements for the projec¬
tion of its eclipses, 90—heat of its
rays, V. 726; VI. 758; XV. 175—
effects of its rays on climate, VI. 747
quantity of light received from it in
different latitudes, ib., 748—its ob¬
liquity a source of cold, VII. 58—
tables of its longitude and declination
for every day in the year, &c., 780-2—
electricity of its rays, VIII. 607—pro¬
perties of its rays, XIII. 332—mag¬
netism of its rays, 696, 753—halo
round the, XIV. 749 — to take its
altitude, XV. 777, 778 — to reduce
its declination, 779—Sir David Brew¬
ster’s analysis of its light, XVI. 369
—cause of splendour of sunrise and
sunset, XVII. 531—instrument for
observing force of solar radiation,
XXI. 241—solar year, VI. 4—solar
cycle, 8—Lacaille and Mayer’s Solar
Tables, XIV. 335—mock-sun, 750.
Sun-fish, XII. 169, 228.
Sun-stone, VI. 237.
Sunbury, in Middlesex, XX. 808.
Sunda, Straits of, XX. 808.
Sunday, XX. 809—old English sports
on, XVII. 114—origin of the word,
XVIII. 337. See Sabbath.
 Island, XX. 809.
 Schools in England, XXI. 529.
Sundeep Isle, XX. 809.
Sundella, Hindu town, XX. 809.
Sunderbunds, in Bengal, XX. 809; IV.
564; X. 313; XI. 553. ,
Sunderland, XX. 809—iron bridge at,
III. 392—coal-trade of, VIII. 289.
 (Earl of), V. 357.
Sundraborn, in Celebes, XX. 810.
Sunerampore, in Bengal, XX. 810.
Sungei Tenang, in Sumatra, XX. 810.
Sunn, XI. 230.
Sunninghill, in Berkshire, XX. 810.
Supercargo, IX. 475.
Supererogation, in theology, XX. 810.
Superficies, XX. 810 ; X. 431-2.
Superintendent, XX. 810.
Superior (Lake), in North America, VI.
58, 64 ; XVII. 522 ; XXL 455.
Superlative, in grammar, XX. 816.
Superolefiant gas, VI. 371.
Superparticular proportion, XX. 811.
Superpartient proportion, XX. 811.
Superstition, XX. 811.
148
INDEX
SUP—SWA
SnpiNE, in grammar, XX. 813.
Suppek, XX. 813—the Lord’s, ib. See
Eucharist.
SnppsiToitY, XX. 819.
Supplement of an are or angle, XXI.
370.
Sdpporteks, XX. 819 ; XI. 258.
Scpralapsaeians, in theology, XX. 819;
XVIII. 516.
Sorajeghur, Hindu town, XX. 819.
Sorajepoor, Hindu town, XX. 819.
Surat, XX. 819; XI. 32.
Surata, XVI. 779.
Surbase, in architecture, III. 470.
Surcingle, XX. 819.
Surcoat, in dress, XX. 819.
Surd, XX.'819.
SURDASTRUM, XX. 819.
Surdy, island, XX. 819.
Surenas, XVII. 100, et seq.
Surf of the sea, XX. 819.
Surface, XX. 810; X. 431, 432.
Surgeon, qualities necessary in a, XX.
832—London College of Surgeons,
XIII. 517.
Surgery, XX. 820; XIV. 526 —Aca¬
demies of, II. 68—application of ana¬
tomy to, 702-3.
Surgical instruments, XX. 831—manu¬
facture of, VII. 567.
Scriago, XX. 799.
Surikate, in zoology, XIV. 119.
Surinam, XI. 22.
Surinamin, VI. 470.
Surname, XX. 846.
Surplice, XX. 846.
Surreptitious, XX. 787.
Surrey, English county, XX. 847—
Grand Canal, XVI. 14.
 (Earl oft, his translation of part
of the iEneid, VIII. 129—poetry of,
XVIII. 169.
Surrool, in Bengal, XX. 848.
Sursolid, in arithmetic, XX. 848.
Sursutly, Hindu river, XX. 848.
Survey, trigonometrical, XXI. 351.
Surveying, XXI. 1.
Survivorship, presumptions of, XIV.
494. See Annuities.
Sus, in zoology, XIV. 149.
Susa, XXI. 7 — taken by Alexander,
XIII. 632—his residence there, 639.
 , in Sardinia, XXI. 7.
Susarion, the Greek drama improved by,
VIII. 144.
Susedoon, Hindu town, XXI. 7.
Suspension Bridge, XXL 7. See
Bridge (Suspension.)
Susquehannah, American river, XIV.
271; XVII. 221.
Sussex, XXI. 8—cattle, II. 323—breed
of pigs, 338—fisheries, IX. 603.
Siissmilch on mortality, XV. 514, 546.
Sutalury, in Bengal, XXL 10.
Sutchana, Hindu town, XXI. 10.
Sutherland, Scotch county, XXL 10-
fisheries of, IX. 601.
Sutlege. See Sutulege.
Sutler of an army, XXI. 12.
Sutton (Cha. Manners), elected Speaker
of the House of Commons, V. 543.
Sutton’s windmill-sails, XIV. 435.
Sutton-Coldfield, XXI. 12.
Sutulege, or Sutlege, Hindu river,
* XXI. 12; XI. 369,375.
Sutures of bones, IL 746—of the skull,
782-4 ; XVII. 614—frontal, H. 771—
sagittal and coronal, 774—in the mam¬
malia, III. 4—in birds, 11.
Suwarof (General), X. Ill, et seq.^ XIX.
554—his Italian campaign, III. 608 ;
V. 488.
Suz, kingdom of, XV. 508.
Svanberg’s measurement of arc on the
earth’s surface, IX. 550.
Sviatoslaf, king of Russia, XIX. 529.
Swadlingbar, VI. 256.
Swaffham, in Norfolk, XXI. 12.
Swain son on the classification of the
mammalia, XIV. 84, n.—on birds,
XVI. 552, 643—on the number of
species of animals, XVII. 549—on
£ha geographical distribution of ani-
SWA—SWI
mals, 550—on the zoology of Spain,
XX. 517.
Swalbacius (J. G.l, on birds, XVI. 545.
Swallow, XVI. 557, 558—hybernation
of the, III. 168.
Swally, Hindu sea-port, XXI. 12.
Swammerdam (John), XXI. 12 ; XVII.
728—his anatomical researches, II.
700—on ants, III. 239—on bees, IV.
519, et seq.—on the metamorphosis of
insects, IX. 88.
Swan, XVI. 635—in Iceland, XII. 148.
Swan Isles, XXI. 12.
Swan River settlement, in New Holland,
IV. 206; XXI. 721, 976.
Swanage, in Dorsetshire, XXI. 12.
Swanpan, XXI. 13. See Abacus.
Swansea, XXI. 13 — copper sold at,
VII. 312—canal, XVI. 19.
Swarming of ants, III. 243—of bees,
IV. 529.
Swartz, botanical labours of, V. 75.
Swayne’s apparatus for keeping silk¬
worms, XX. 352.
Swearing, love of, VIII. 273. See Oath.
Sweden, XXI. 13—statistics, 29 ; IX.
417—Royal Swedish Academy, II. 72,
77—Academy of the Fine Arts, 74—
alum-works, 573, 576—Swedish skull,
784—army, III. 609—bread, IV. 295,
300—balance, 306—Baltic coast, 327
—canals, 331; XXI. 389—botanists,
V. 78—Sir John Moore’s expedition
to, 524—colonies, VII. 126—union
with Denmark and Norway, 721;
XVI. 259—wars with Denmark, VII.
722—trade with England, VIII. 779 ;
with France, X. 190—jury trial, XII.
651—language, XIII. 85 ; XVII. 419—
libraries, XIII. 316—variation of the
needle, 733, 736—elevation of bed of
sea, XV. 218—iron-mines, 250—cop¬
per-mines, 251 — coins, 408, 411—.
population and mortality, 516, 518,
540, et seq., 551, 558, et seq.; XVIII.
410; XXI. 537—newspapers, XVI.
173—birds, 550—heights of moun¬
tains, XVII. 505—the Reformation,
XIX. 93—roads, 299—religion, 315
—wars with Russia, et seq. ; V.
451—bear-hunting, XX. 302—Tel¬
ford’s engineering survey, XXI. 171
—mortality from small-pox, 537-
weights and measures, 855—map of,
XXL PI. 492.
Swedenborg (Emanuel), XXI. 32.
Swediaur (Dr), on ambergris, II. 592.
Swedish turnip, II. 286 — feeding of
sheep on, 263.
Sweep, in sea-language, XXI. 34.
Sweyn’s invasion of England, VIII. 706.
Swift (Jonathan), XXI. 34—possible
source of his idea of Gulliver’s voy¬
age to Laputa, II. 179—his Medita¬
tion on a Broomstick, V. 165—his
character of Marlborough, VI. 688—
perhaps derived hints from Aristo¬
phanes, VIII. 149—his epigram on
Stephen Duck, 250 — his Drapier’s
Letters, XII. 380, 411—his poetry,
XVIII. 172—his abuse of Vanbrugh,
XXL 551.
 , bird, XVI. 578.
Swimming, XXI. 39—air-jacket, II. 367
—cork-jacket, VII. 328—of horses,
XL 618—utility of the art of, XIII.
323—repulsion the cause of some bo¬
dies swimming in fluids specifically
lighter than themselves, XX. 753.
Swinburne (Mr), his account of the Al¬
hambra, II. 512; and of the Moffeta,
670.
Swindon, in Wiltshire, XXI. 42.
Swine, XIV. 149, 201—varieties and
management of, II. 337.
Swine-houses, II. 272.
Swineshead, a town in Lincolnshire,
XXL 42.
Swing-plough, II. 265, 349.
Swinton (Sir John), VI. 606.
Switzer (Stephen), on Savary’s steam-
engine, XX. 617 — on Newcomen’s
steam-engine, 623.
SWI—SYN
Switzerland, XXI. 42—trout of lakes
of, III. 143-4—botanists, V. 81—con¬
quered by the French, 484; X. 108—
its importance to them, V. 184, 488—
cotton-manufacture, VII. 418—French
trade, X. 189—variation of the needle,
XIII. 736—coins, XV. 408, Ill-
newspapers, XVI. 173 — heights of
mountains, XVII. 505—lakes, 523—
increase of population, XVIII. 417—
prisons, 584—the Reformation, XIX.
88—religion, 315—weights and mea¬
sures, XXL 855—map of, PI. 493.
Swooning-fits of animals, XXI. 632.
Sword, XXI. 51; IX. 501—Roman, III.
592—of State, XXI. 51.
Sword-fish, XII. 184 ; XV. 704.
Sybines, insects, IX. 174.
Sybistroma, insect, IX. 277.
Sycamore-tree, XVII. 784, 786.
Sychee-tea, XXL 131.
Syconus, in botany, V>. 50.
Sydabad, Hindu town, XXL 51.
Sydaporum, Hindu town, XXI. 51.
Sydenham (Thomas), XXI. 51—praise
bestowed by Locke upon his work on
Acute Diseases, I. 101—on intermit¬
tent fever and hysteria, XVII. 486.
Sydneum, in conchology, XV. 371.
Sydney, XXI. 52, 712.
Syene, in Egypt, XXI. 52—antiquities
at, VIII. 532.
Syenite, Egyptian, VIII. 517.
Syennesis of Cyprus, II. 686.
Sylah, Hindu town, XXI. 52.
Sylla (Lucius Cornelius), XXL 53;
VI. 126 ; XL 478 ; XIX. 391, et seq.
—an apparition seen by, III. 296—
capture of Athens by, IV. 127—his
expedition into Asia against Mithri-
dates, XVIII. 350.
Syllable, XXI. 53.
Syllabus, XXI. 53.
Syllis, worm, XI. 220.
Syllogism, XXL 53 ; XIII. 445—forms
of, 449—Aristotle on, III. 512.
Sylvan, specific gravity of, XII. 36.
Sylvanite, specific gravity of, XII. 36.
Sylvanus, VII. 273.
 , insect, IX. 176.
Sylvester II., on arithmetic. III. 541.
Sylvester’s rope-machine, XIX. 463.
Sylvia, bird, XVI. 575.
Sylvius (Jacobus), anatomist, II. 694.
 (Francis de la Boe), on chemis¬
try, VI. 348.
Symbol, XXI. 53.
Symington’s steam-boats, X. 549 ; XX.
687, 688.
Symmachus (Quintus Aurelius), XXI.
53; II. 601—orations of, XVI. 765.
Symmer (R.), on electricity, VIII. 570.
Symnel (Lambert), VIII. 740.
Symond’s Inn, XII. 282.
Symonds (Mr), on the mechanics of law¬
making, XIII. 169.
 (Sir William), on ship-building,
XX. 230.
Sympathetic ink, VII. 505; XII. 280.
*   Nerve, great, II. 813.
Sympathy, XXL 53 ; XIV. 583 ; XV.
473—Adam Smith’s theory regard¬
ing, I. 359-60—its effect in render¬
ing pleasing the contemplation of dis¬
tress, VIII. 54-5—in medicine, XVII.
136, 483—in physiology, 678.
Sympiesometer, IV. 394.
Sympheropole, XXI. 53 ; VII. 472.
Symphony, XXL 53.
Symploce, in rhetoric, XXI. 54.
Symploceae, in botany, V. 118.
Symposiarch, XXI. 54.
Symptom, immedicine, XIV. 518.
Synthesis, in grammar, XXI. 54.
Synagogue of the Jews, XXI. 54.
Synagris, insect, IX. 231.
Synallaxis, bird, XVI. 588.
Synaloepha, in grammar, XXI. 54.
Synanceia, fish, XII. 174.
Synapha, insect, IX. 262.
Synbranchus, fish, XII. 225.
Syncellus, XXI. 54.
Synchronism, XXI. 54.
SYN—TAB
Syncopation, in music. See Slur.
Syncope, XXI. 54—mistaken for death,
XII. 330.
Syndic, a civil officer, XXL 54.
Synedoche, in rhetoric, XXL 54.
Synecphonesis, XXI. 54.
Synesius, his admiration of Hypatia,
XII. 136.
Synetheres, in zoology, XIV. 139.
Synetrita, insect, IX. 176.
Syngnatha, insects, XV. 654.
Syngnathus, fish, XII. 227.
Synod, in astronomy, XXI. 54.
 , ecclesiastical assembly, XXI. 54
—Scotch synods, XVIII. 526 ; XIX.
763.
Synodals, XXI. 54.
Synodendron, insect, IX. 162.
Synodic month, III. 791.
Synodical, XXI. 54.
Synodontis, fish, XII. 202.
Syncecia, Grecian feast, XXI. 54.
Synoicum, molluscum, XV. 370.
Synonymous, XXI. 54.
Synovia, XVII. 604.
Synovial membranes, II. 756 ; XXI. 616
—diseases of, 617.
Syntax, in grammar, XXL 54.
Synthesis, in logic, XXL 54.
Syntomis, insect, IX. 244.
Syntomium, insect, IX. 244.
Syphax, XIV. 276 ; XVI. 302.
Syphilis, XVII. 487, 495—its introduc¬
tion into Europe, XVI. 681—poem of
Fracastorius on, XX. 828; IX. 808.
Syphon, XII. 14 ; XVIII. 96—oscilla¬
tion of water in, XII. 81.
Syphon-fountain, XVIII. 96.
Syphostoma, worm, XI. 219.
Syra, Greek island, XXI. 55.
Syracuse, XXI. 55; XV.701—besieged
by the Carthaginians, VI. 186, 188.
Syria, XXI. 59—Druses of, VIII. 217
—conquered by Mehemmed Ali, 504
—invaded by the Moguls, XV. 317 —
parched wind of, XVII. 541—war of
the Romans with, XIX. 387—Syrian
months, VI. 659 ; empire, XI. 476;
branch of the Caucasian race of man,
II. 709.
Syriac alphabet, II. 548—Bibles, IV.
615—language, XIII. 83—targums,
XIX. 789.
Syriam, Burmese town, XXL 65.
Syringa, specific gravity of, XII. 36.
Syringe, XXI. 65 ; XVIII. 77, et seq.
Syrnium, bird, XVI. 566.
Syrphici, insects, IX. 272.
Syrphus, insect, IX. 274.
Syrrhaptes, birds, XVI. 612.
Syrtis, insect, IX. 196.
Syrup, IX. 734.
System, XXI. 65—in natural history,
XV. 739.
Systole, XVII. 641.
Systropha, insect, IX. 233.
Systyle, XXL 65 ; III. 470.
Syzygy, in astronomy, XXL 65.
SzARVAs.in Hungary, XXI. 65.
Szegedin, in Hungary, XXI. 65.
Szigeth, in Hungary, XXI. 66.
T
T, letter of the alphabet, XXL 66.
Ta, Chinese city, XXI. 66.
Taawiuy, islands, XXL 66.
Tab, Persian river, XXL 66.
Taba Islands, off Borneo, XXI. 66.
Tababella, Hindu town, XXL 66.
Tabanii, insects, IX. 265.
Tabanus, insect, IX. 265.
Tabas, Persian city, XXI. 66.
Tabaseheer, IV. 337—sp. gr. of, XII. 36.
Tabasco, Mexican state, XIV. 817.
Tabboo, XXI. 67; XVIII. 321.
Tabby, a Kind of silk, XXI. 66.
Tabbying, XXI. 66.
Tabellio, XXL 66.
Taberna, Spanish city, XXI. 66
INDEX,
149
TAB—TAK
Tabeknacle, Jewish,XXI.66; XV.567.
 , in architecture. III. 470.
Tabernacles (Feast of), XXI. 66.
Tablas Isle, XXI. 67.
Tablature, in music, XXI. 67.
Table, XXI. 67.
 Island, XXI. 67.
 Mountain, X. 613.
Table-lands, XVII. 501.
Tablet, in architecture. III. 470.
Taboo, XXI. 67; XVIII. 321.
Tabor (Mount), XXI. 67 ; XVI. 743.
 , Bohemian city, XXI. 67.
Tabriz, Persian city, XXI. 67.
Tacamahaca, specific gravity of, XII. 36.
Tacazze, river, II. 56, 58.
Tachina, insect, IX. 282.
Tachinus, insect, IX. 138.
Tachydromiee, insects, IX. 270.
Tachydromus, reptile, XIX. 141.
Tachygraphy, art of, XXI. 68.
Tachylite, specific gravity of, XII. 36.
Tachypetes, bird, XVI. 634.
Tachyphonus, bird, XVI. 571.
Tachyporus, insect, IX. 138.
Tacitus (Caius C.), XXI. 68 ; XVII.
412, 413—his Life of Agricola, V. 299
—on the Germans, VI. 592, 596 ; X.
474—on the Christians, XI. 488.
 (Marcus Claudius), XIX. 413.
Tack, rope in a ship, XXI. 69.
Tacking, in seamanship, XXI. 69; XX.
50.
Tacon, VII. 95.
Tacoulum, Hindu town, XXI. 69.
Tactics, XXI. 69—naval, XVI. 56;
XXI. 754—military, 733—attack in
column, IX. 712, n.—signals at sea,
XX. 331.
Tacubaya, in Mexico, XIV. 814.
Tadcaster, XXI. 69.
Tadmor, XVI. 773. See Palmyra.
Tadorna, bird, XVI. 637.
Tadpoles, XIX. 151—their temporary
gills. III. 40.
Taenia, in architecture. III. 465, 470.
 , zoophyte, XXI. 996—in horses,
627.
Taenioidae, in ichthyology, XII. 189.
Taf, river, X. 532.
Tafel-visch,.fish, XII. 170.
Taffety, XXI. 69.
Tafilet, in Morocco, XV. 509.
Taoal, in Java, XXI. 69.
Taqalaz, island, XXI. 69.
Taganrog, a city of European Russia,
XXI. 69 ; IV. 661.
Tagapola, island, XXI. 69.
Tagenia, insect, IX. 163.
Tagliacozzi (Gasparo), an Italian sur¬
geon, XXI. 69 ; XX. 829.
Tagolanda, island, XXI. 69.
Tagus, river, XXI. 69, 322 ; XVIII.
478; XX. 516.
Tagypeel, island, XXI. 69.
Tahej, Hindu town, XXI. 69.
Taher Pasha, VIII. 495.
Tahiti, or Otaheite, tides at, XXI. 281.
See Otaheite.
Tahmor, Hindu town, XXI. 69.
Ta,hnesir, Hindu town. XXl. 70.
Tahnoon, in Hindustan, XXI. 70.
Tahnum, Hindu town, XXI. 70.
Tahoorowah, island, XXI 70.
Tahrah, Hindu town, XXI. 70.
Tahuk, Arabian town, XXI. 70.
Taif, Arabian town, XXI. 70.
Tail of animals, XXI. 70—bones of,
III. 3, 11—muscles, 20—uses, ib.
 , or Fee-Tail, in law, XXI. 7 0.
Taille, in France, XXI. 103.
Tailors, diseases of, XIV. 510.
Tailzie, XXI. 70.. See Entail.
Taimboorny, Hindu town, XXI. 70.
Taimur, Russian cape, XXI. 70.
Taimurskaia (Gulf of), XXI. 70.
Tain, town in Ross-shire, XXI. 7 0.
Tai-Ping, Chinese cities, XXI. 70.
Taitong, Chinese city, XXI. 70.
Taixali, VI. 2.
Taj Yuen, Chinese city, XXI. 70.
Tajgauw, Hindu town, XXI. 70.
Takakakan, island, XXI. 70.
TAK—TAN
Takt-i-Bostan, sculptures at, XVII.
258.
Talalap, island, XXI. 70.
Talavera, in Spain, XXI. 70—battle
of, III. 637 ; V. 527.
Talbot (H. F.), on the colours of double
plates, XVI. 449, 452.
  , Sir John, in Ireland, XII. 359.
Talc, specific gravity of, XII. 36, 37.
Talc-mica, in mineralogy, XV. 148.
Talcahuano, VI. 542.
Talent, XXI. 71; XIV. 468.
Talgarth, Welsh town, XXI. 71.
Talherom, XVI. 744.
Tali, Chinese city, XXI. 71.
Taliacotius. See Tagliacozzi.
Talicius, VII. 286.
Talio, XXI. 71. See Retaliation.
Talismans, XXI. 71.
Tall, various meanings of, VIII. 11.
Tallahasse, IX. 627.
Tallard (Marshal), V. 369.
Talleyrand, X. 141—his reply to Lord
Grenville, V. 490.
Tallow, candles of, VI. 77—specific
gravity of, XII. 37—its use in greas¬
ing axles, XIV. 413, 417—mineral
tallow, VI. 444.
Tally, XXI. 71—calculation by tallies,
II. 8.
Talmud, Jewish, XXI. 71; XII. 577.
See Mischna.
Talnere, Hindu town, XXI. 72.
Talpa, in zoology, XIV. 104.
Talt (Lough), XX. 392.
Tamahoo, island, XXI. 72.
Taman, island, XXI. 72.
Tamandua, in zoology, XIV. 144.
Tamanlipas, in Mexico, XIV. 818.
Tamar, river, XXL 72; VII. 745—its
navigation, XVI. 19—canal, VII. 745.
Tamarin, in zoology, XIV. 96.
Tamariscineae, in botany, V. 99.
Tamatave, in Madagascar, XIII. 668.
Tamatia, bird, XVI. 599.
Tambah, Hindu town, XXI. 72.
Tambekan, Hindu town, XXI. 72.
Tambour, XXI. 72.
 de Basque, XXI. 72.
Tambourin, XXL 72.
Tambouring-machine, VII. 407.
Tambow, in Russia, XXI. 72.
Tamburo, XXI. 72.
Tamburone, XXI. 72.
Tame, river, VI. 509—attempted iron
bridge over the, V. 279.
Tameae, in botany, V. 134.
Tamerlane, or Timour Beg, XXL 72,
82-3—his treatise on war, III. 580,
n. 1—conquests of, 689 ; XI. 482 ;
XV. 317 ; XVII. 265—a great chess¬
player, VI. 519—his defeat and treat¬
ment of Bajazet, VII. 289; XXI. 411;
IV. 284.
Tamnophilus, insect, IX. 174.
Tampico, Mexican sea-port, XIV. 816.
Tamtam, or gong, XV. 617.
Tamworth, English town, XXI. 73—
old chesnut-tree at, 588.
Tan, XXL 73. See Tanning.
Tanaga, island, XXL 73.
Tanager, bird, XVI. 571.
Tanagra, bird, XVI. 571.
Tanah, Hindu town, XXI. 73.
Tanais, river, VIII. 109; XIX. 564.
Tanakeke, island, XXI. 73.
Tandah, Hindu town, XXI. 73.
Tanete, in Celebes, XXI. 73.
Tangent, XXL 370.
Tangerang, in Java, XXI. 73.
Tangier, town in Morocco, XXI. 73;
XV. 504—mole at, V. 214.
Tangle, V. 138.
Tangropilix, VII. 283.
Tangun horse, IV. 794.
Tanistry, law of, XIX. 704.
Tanjore, in Hindustan, XXL 73.
Tank, XXI. 74.
Tanksal, Hindu town, XXI. 74.
Tanna, Hindu town, XXI. 74.
 , island, XXL 74; IV. 214.
 Ba'lloo, island, XXI. 74.
Tanner (Thomas), antiquary, XXI. 74.
TAN—TAR
Tannesar, XXI. 190.
Tannin, VI. 481; VIII. 305, 328;
XVII. 620—exists in the coats of cer¬
tain seeds, III. 73.
Tanning, XXI. 74—in Chili, VI. 533
—-Sir Humphry Davy on, VII. 638.
See Tan.
Tanore, in Malabar, XXI. 77.
Tanrec, in zoology, XIV. 105—its hy¬
bernation, III. 168.
Tantalite, specific gravity of, XII. 37.
Tantalium, specific gravity of, XII. 37.
Tantalum, VI. 391—ore, XV. 161.
Tantalus, in fable, XXL 77.
 , bird, XVI. 620.
Tanypeza, insect, IX. 287.
Tanypus, insect, IX. 259.
Tanysiptera, bird, XVI. 593.
Tao-tse, VI. 560.
Taoo, island, XXI. 77.
Taormina, in Sicily, XXI. 77.
Taouka, island, XXI. 78.
Tap-roots, III. 88.
Tapajos, river, V. 198.
Tapanooly, in Sumatra, XXL 78.
Taper, XXI. 78—Paschal, ib.
Tapestry, XXI. 78.
Tapetum in various animals, III. 23.
Tapeworm, XXI. 996.
Taphozous, in zoology, XIV. 101.
Tapioca, V. 67 ; VI. 477.
Tapir, in zoology, XIV. 151—structure
of the, XVII. 707.
Tapool, island, XXI. 79.
Tapopo, island, XXL 79.
Tappa, island, XXL 79.
Tapping of animals, XXI. 625.
Taprobane, X. 391.
Tar, XXL 79; XVI. 49—coal-tar, X.
351—fossil-tar, XIX. 622.
Tarabad, Hindu town, XXI. 79.
Tarah, hill of, XIV. 348.
Tarahpoor, Hindu town, XXL 79.
Taranta (Valesco de), XX. 828.
Tarantella, dance, XXI. 79.
Taranto, XXL 79 ; XV. 699.
Tararb, French town, XXL 80—cot¬
ton-manufacture of, VII. 417.
 , an excessive eater, VIII. 23.
Tarascon, French town, XXI. 80.
Tarbes, in France, XXI. 80.
Tardebig, in Worcestershire, XXL 80.
Tardigrada, XIV. 142; XVII. 706.
Tare, III. 555.
Tares, culture and varieties of, II. 284.
Tarem, Persian town, XXI. 80.
Tarent, island, XXI. 80.
Tarentine War, XIX. 383.
Tarentula, III. 363.
Targum, XXL 80 ; XIX. 789.
Tarija, in La Plata, XVIII. 8.
Tarn, in France, XXI. 80.
 and Garonne, a department in
France, XXI. 81.
Tarnofol, in Austria, XXI. 81.
Tarnow, in Austria, XXI. 81.
Tarpa (Spurius Mecius), XXI. 81.
Tarpaulin, XXL 81.
Tarporley, English town, XXI. 81.
Tarquinius Priscus, XIX. 364, 378.
  Superbus, XIX. 366.
Tarraco, XX. 491.
Tarragona, Spanish city, XXI. 81—
siege of, in 1813, V. 534.
Tarras, XIV. 289.
Tarshish, X. 388, note.
Tarsius, in zoology, XIV. 97.
Tarsus, town in Asia Minor, XXI. 82.
 , in anatomy,—bones of the, II.
791,792—muscles of the, 794—in the
mammalia, III. 9—in birds, 13—in
reptiles, 15.
Tartalea, his improvements in algebra,
I. 441 ; II. 422—on gunnery, XL 42.
Tartar, specific gravity of, XII. 37.
 of the teeth, VI. 495.
Tartareus, lichen, VIII. 309.
Tartars, XXI. 82 ; II. 710 ; III. 691,
695 ; XL 482 ; XVII. 698 ; XX. 327
—skulls of, II. 784—conquests of, in
Asia, III. 688—European embassies
to, in the middle ages, 697—cultiva-
1 tion of astronomy by, 735—capture of
TAR—TAX
Bagdad by, IV. 280—the Chinese de¬
rived from, VI. 549—their mode of
warfare, 574—language of, XIII. 91—
Poland ravaged by, XVIII. 191—con¬
quest of Russia by, XIX. 532—Mos¬
cow burnt by, 536—defeated by the
Swedes, XXI. 20. See Tamerlane.
Tartaric acid, VI. 428—used for dis¬
charging colours, VIII. 340.
 tribes, XVII. 698.
Tartarous acid indispensable in wine¬
making, XXI. 894.
Tartarus, XV. 661, 671.
Tartary, XXL 82—cattle of, III. 683
—Turcomans of, XXI. 409. See
Tartars.
Tartas, Russian river, XXI. 87.
Tartaskoi, Russian town, XXI. 87.
Tartini on harmony, XI. 151; XV. 605.
Tarudant, in Morocco, XV. 508.
Tarven, in Cheshire, XXI. 87.
Tasapan, island, XX. 87.
Tashkund, in Tartary, XXI. 87.
Tasieva, Russian river, XXI. 87.
Tasman, his discovery of New Holland,
IV. 204, 205; and New Zealand, 215
—his account of the New Hollanders,
208—Papua visited by, 211—explora¬
tory voyage of, X. 402.
Tasman’s Head, XXI. 87.
 Island, XXI. 87.
Tasmania. See Van Diemen’s Land.
Tassin (Leonard), anatomist, II. 700.
Tassisudon, Hindu city, XXI. 87.
Tasso (Torquato), XXI. 87 ; X. 295—
his table-talk, II. 677—translations
of his Jerusalem Delivered, by Fair¬
fax, IX. 477 ; and Hoole, XI. 557-
poetry of, XVIII. 144, 160.
 , or Thaso, island, XXI 191.
Tassoni (Alessandro), XXI. 88—poetry
of, XVIII. 161.
Taste, sense of, XXI. 88 ; XVII. 579,
663 ; XIV. 610—in the bee, IV. 523 ;
insects, IX. 78 ; fishes, XII. 158—
Hartley on, VIII. 443—organ of, II.
802; III. 26. See Tongue.
 , or perception and judgment of
beauty, XXL 88; IV. 481—standard
of, 501—sensible, fine, and moral,
XV. 481—diversity of, 642.
Tate (Nahum), English poet, XXI. 91
—on Shakspeare, XX. 170.
Tatianus, XXL 91.
Tatius (Achilles), XXL 91.
Tatischeva, in Russia, XXI. 91.
Tatta, in Hindustan, XXI. 91.
Tattershall, English town, XXI. 92.
Tattooing, XXI. 92.
Taubate, XVII. 162.
Tauda, Russian river, XXL 92.
Taujepoor, Hindu,town, XXL 93.
Taujicks, V. 697 ; XXI. 85.
Taullah Mhokee, XXI. 93.
Taumago, island, XXI. 93.
Taunda, Hindu town, XXL 93.
Taunton, in Somersetshire, XXL 93—
canal to Bridgewater, XVI. 9.
 , in Massachusetts, XIV. 305.
Taunus Mountains, XXI. 93.
Taureb, in Bengal, XXI. 93.
Tauria, in Russia, XXI. 93 ; VII. 471.
Taurica Chersonesus. See Tauria.
Taurichthys, fish, XII. 179.
Taurinum, taken by Hannibal, VI. 197.
Tauris, or Tabriz, XXI. 67.
Taurus, mountains, XXI. 93, 418.
Tavai Poenammoo, XXI. 93; IV. 215.
Tavernier (John Baptist), French tra¬
veller, XXI. 93.
Tavistock, in Devonshire, XXI. 94.
 Canal, XVI. 19.
Tavoy, Burmese town, XXI. 94.
Tavy, river, VII. 745.
Taw ally (Isle of), XXI. 94.
Taweetawee, island, XXI. 94.
Tawing, XXI. 94.
Taxation, XXI. 95; XVIII. 282 —
direct, XXI. 100—indirect, 110—an¬
ticipated benefit from reduction of
certain taxes, VII. 175—comparative
burden of taxes borne by agricultu¬
rists, 353—practice of taxation said to
150
INDEX,
TAX—TCI
have been introduced by the Cru¬
sades, 492—connection between state
of agriculture and extent of, VIII.
767—in France, X. 208; India, XI.
407, 441, et seq.; Switzerland, XXI.
51—income-tax, V. 487 ; repealed,
511 —property-tax, 521—territorial
impost in Lombardy, XIII. 483. See
Funding System.
Taxicornes, insects, IX. 165.
Taxonomy, V. 70.
Tat, a Scotch river, XXI. 124, 591;
XVII. 289 ; XIX. 747.
 (Loch), XVII. 289, 523.
 (Firth of), its navigation, XVI.
19—land reclaimed from, XIX. 747.
Tata Isle, XXI. 124.
Tate, XXL 70.
Tatlor (Brook) XXI. 126; I. 598;
XIV. 322—new branch added by him
to the analysis of variable quantity,
I. 532—more remarkable for the in¬
genuity and depth than for the per¬
spicuity of his writings, 532—theo¬
rem known by his name, ib.—the
only mathematician after Newton who
could enter the lists with the Ber-
noullis, 599—on capillary attraction,
615—on the force of adhesion, II. 151
—on magnetism, XIII. 688—on per¬
spective, XVII. 285—on projectiles,
XVIII. 649.
 (Dr), of Norwich,against creeds
and confessions, XII. 261—on origi¬
nal sin, XXL 221, et seq.
 (James), notice of, in connexion
with steam-navigation, XX. 687.
  (Jeremt), XXI. 124—Bishop
Heber’s erroneous chronology of his
life, XVIII. 392, n.
 (John), philologer, XXI. 127.
 (Dr John), his translation of a
Hindu treatise on algebra, II. 425.
 (Mr), on the duration of our sup¬
ply of coal, XV. 244.
 (Philip), his experiments on the
force of steam, XX. 585.
 (Sir Robert), his merits as an
architect, III. 429.
 (T.), his alarm-clock, VI. 782.
 (Walter), of .Southampton, his
block-machinery, IV. 704.
Tatlor’s Isles,.XXL 129.
Taylor’s Table of Logarithmic Sines and
Tangents, XIII. 420.
Tatming, Chinese city, XXL 129.
Taze, Russian river, XXI. 129.
Tazla, Turkish lake, XXL 129.
Tazovskaia (Gulf of), XXL 129.
7'chabischi, Russian town, XXI. 129.
Tchad, African lake, II. 239 V. 11;
XVI 221, et seq.; XVII. 521—pirates
on, IV. 636.
 , river, XVI. 221, et seq.
Tchadobetz, Russian river, XXI. 129.
Tchagane, Russian river, XXI. 129.
Tchang-Tcha, Chinese city, XXL 129.
Tchang-Tcheoh, XXI. 129.
Tchang-Te, Chinese city, XXI. 129.
Tchan-Te, in China, XXL 129.
Tchant, Russian lake, XXI. 129.
Tchaoking, Chinese city, XXI. 129.
Tche-Kiang, in China, XXI. 129.
Tchelao, Persian town, XXI. 129.
Tcheliabinsk, in Russia, XXI. 129.
Tchelminar, ruins of, III. 378, 379.
Tcheng-Te, island, XXI. 129.
Toheou-Chan, island, XXI. 129.
Tohepetkina, Russian river, XXI. 129.
Tchernikeh, in Asia Minor, XXI. 129.
Tchetkina, island, XXI. 129.
Tching-Kiang, Chinese city, XXI. 129.
Tching-Tcheoh,Chinese city, XXI. 129.
Tching-Ting, Chinese city, XXL 129.
Tching-Toh, Chinese city, XXI. 129.
Tchong-King, Chinese city, XXI. 129.
Tchors, Persian village, XXL 129.
Tchouktches, XXI. 129.
Tchufut-Kali, VII. 472.
'1’CHUKOTSKOIE, cape, XXL 129.
Tcinan, Chinese city, XXI. 129.
Tcin-Tcheou, Chinese city, XXI. 129.
Tcitcicar HoTUN.in China, XXL 129. ^
TEA—TEL
Tea, XXL 129-of Ava, IV. 240 ; Bra¬
zil, V. 206 ; China, VI. 580 ; Japan,
XII. 511—exports of, from Canton,
VI. 102—history of the duties on,
XXL 120.
Teachers, XXL 134—diseases of, XIV.
509. See Education.
Teak wood, XVI. 50; XX. 273—of
Ava, IV. 241 -of India, XXI. 299, 301
—weight of, 309.
Teal, bird, XVI. 639.
Tears, gland secreting, II. 800.
Teart, Hindu village, XXI. 134.
Teazling of woollen cloth, XXI. 933.
Tebala, Arabian town, XXL 134.
Tebeth, Jewish month, XXI. 134.
Technical, XXI. 134.
Tecrit, in Irak Arabi, XXL 134.
Teddington, in Middlesex, XXL 134.
Te Deum, Christian hymn, XXI. 134.
Tedif, Syrian town, XXI. 134.
Tedzen, Persian river, XXI. 134.
Teebakan, island, XXI. 134.
Teeheengan, island, XXI. 134.
Teekool, island, XXI. 134.
Tees, river, XXL 134—attempted iron
bridge over the, V. 279—navigation
of the, XVI. 19.
Teesgaon, Hindu town, XXI. 134.
Teesta, Hindu river, XXL 134.
Teeswater sheep, II. 328.
Teetgaum, Hindu town, XXI. 134.
Teeth, XXL 134; II. 580, 780 ; XVII.
626—relation between food and, II.
708—structure and development of,
746, 781 ; XIV. 206 ; XVII. 657-
comparative anatomy of, III. 32—tar¬
tar of, VI. 495—of fishes, XII. 160 ;
serpents, XX. 126; horses, XXI. 621
—of man and brutes compared, XVII.
700—diseases of, in domestic animals,
XXL 622.
 of wheels, XIV. 420—in clocks
and watches, VI. 777.
Teff, kind of grain, XXL 134.
Teflis, Asiatic city, XXI. 134 —trade
of, XVII. 246.
Tegadoo Bat, XXI. 136.
Tegerhy, IX. 533.
Tegmen, in botany, V. 46, 50.
Tehama, XXL 136 ; III. 325.
Teheran, Persian city, XXL 136.
Tehinchien, Hindu river, XXI. 136.
Tehuantepec, isthmus of, II. 651.
Teignmouth (West), town in Devon¬
shire, XXL 136.
Teinds, in Scotland, XIX. 757, 764, n.
2—Court of, VIII. 418.
Teinoscope, XVI. 414.
Teivy, river, V. 771.
Tejuco, in Brazil, XV. 110.
Tekoa, in Palestine, XXL 136.
Tel Aresias, Turkish village, XXL 137.
Telach, Asiatic island, XXI. 137.
Telanading Islands, XXI. 137.
Telardse, in Malacca, XXI. 137.
Teledu, in zoology, XIV. 110.
Telegraph, XXL 137—invention of,
II. 664—electrical, VIII. 582, 662—
Hooke’s, XL 556—naval, XVI. 56—
Wheatstone’s electro-magnetic, XXI.
689.
Telemachus, XXL 142.
Telephorus, insect, IX. 144.
Telescope, XXL 142—invention of, I.
510; XIII. 329; XVI. 351, 354—
science thereby advanced, I. 19—con¬
struction of, by Galileo, 490; III. 740;
X. 290—advantages arising from its
application to astronomical instru¬
ments, I. 497—law on which its con¬
struction depends discovered by Snei-
lius, 631—Was it known to the Celtic
priests? V. 277—magnifying power
of, XVI. 395—refracting telescope,
II. 35 ; XVI. 408—achromatic, II.
97 ; XVI. 362—astronomical, IV. 101
—Dorpat, 102—Sir James South’s,
103— Prof. Barlow’s,ib.—Mr Rogers’s,
104— Gregorian reflecting, XVI. 360
—Newtonian, ib.—Blair’s aplanatic,
413.
Teletzkoi, Siberian lake, XXI. 170.
TEL—TEN
Telfair (Mr), huge medusa seen by,
XXL 1015.
Telford (Thomas), XXI. 170—aque¬
ducts designed by, III. 323-4—iron
bridge in London proposed by, V. 272
—iron bridges executed by, 279—Dun-
keld bridge, 283.
Telingana, in Hindustan, XXI. 172.
Tell (William), XXI. 172.
Teller, XXL 172.
Tellez (Father), his history of Abyssi¬
nia, II. 53.
Tellicherrt, Hindu sea-port on the
coast of Malabar, XXI. 172.
Tellina, in conchology, XV. 341.
Tello, town in Celebes, XXL 172.
Tellurium, VI. 379—salts of oxide of,
VI. 453—specific gravity of, XII. 37
—native, XV. 164.
Tellurium-glance, XV. 169.
Tellurium-graphic, XV. 169.
Tembleque, Spanish town, XXI. 172.
Temeswar, in Hungary, XXI. 172.
Temia, bird, XVI. 585.
Temmink (Mons.), on birds, XVI. 551,
641—on the number of species of ani¬
mals, XVII. 549.
Temnodon, fish, XII. 186.
Temofeef (Yermac), XX. 324.
Tempe, vale of, XXL 173 ; X. 723.
Temperament, XXL 173; VIII. 442 ;
XVII. 583, 696.
 of the musical scale, XXL 173 ;
VI. 254.
Temperance, XXL 174 ; XV. 465—con¬
ducive to health, XIV. 509.
Temperature, Gay-Lussac’s observations
on its diminution with increase of
height, II. 193,194—sultry, in Arabia,
III. 324—its effect on cohesive force,
VI. Ill; and on the brilliancy of
flame, X. 356—natural variations of,
XI. 196—low at tops of mountains,
XII. 134—formulae for mean, XVII.
543—isothermal lines, ib.; XL 197,
371, 377 ; VI. 764—effect of latitude,
longitude, and elevation, upon, XIV.
511; XVII. 543—of animals, 647 ;
reptiles, 713; insects, 721—Sir D.
Brewster on mean temperature at
North Pole, XVIII. 223. See Climate,
Heat, Warming.
Tempering, XXL 174—of steel, VII.
566; XX. 713.
Tempio, Sardinian city, XXI. 174.
Templars, knights, XXL 174 ; X. 15.
Temple (Sir W.), XXI. 175—on Ancient,
and Modern Learning, IV. 575—his
character of De Wit, VII. 754—on the
mercantile prosperity of Holland, 169
—on gardening, X. 321—Swift’s resi¬
dence in his house, XXI. 34.
Temples, XXI. 177—Greek, III. 435—
Roman, 443—dedication of, VII. 666.
 , or inns of court, in London, XXI. ■
178; XII. 282; XIII. 527.
Templecross, XXI. 863.
Temporal bones, II. 775; III. 4, 5.
Temporalities of bishops, XXI. 178.
Temujin, or Genghis-Khan, XV. 316.
See Genghis-Khan.
Tenacity of minerals, XV. 131—of me¬
tals, woods, &c., XX. 756-7—table of
tenacities of different substances, 296.
Tenaille, in fortification, IX. 773.
Tenant, connexion of landlord and, II.
343—tenantry of the middle ages, 252.
See Lease.
Tenasserim, XXL 178.
Tenbury, in Worcester, XXL 178.
Tenby, Welsh town, XXI. 179.
Tence, French city, XXI. 179.
Tench, XII. 198—angling for, III. 146.
Tench’s Island, XXL 179.
Tencin (Madame de), character of her
novels, XIX. 353.
Tendency, XVII. 571.
Tendons, XVII. 581, 603, 610; XXL
615—structure of, II. 739—sheaths of,
XVII. 603.
Tendrils, III. 86 ; XXI. 580.
Tenebrio, insect, IX. 164.
Tenebrionites, insects, IX. 164.
TEN—TER
Tenedos, island, XXL 179.
Teneriffe, XXI. 179—Blake’s attack
on the Spanish fleet at, IV. 673—peak
of, VI. 73.
Tengalle, in Ceylon, XXI. 179.
Teniers, painters of that name, XXI.
179; III. 650; XVI. 722.
Tenioides, fish, XII. 193.
Tenison (Thomas), XXL 179.
Tennant (Charles), his bleaching sub¬
stances, IV.'681 682, 684—on the
loss of weight sustained by linen in
bleaching, 689.
 (Smithson), XXI. 179.
Tennantite, in mineralogy, XV. 168—
specific gravity of, XII. 37.
Tenneman (Professor), his History of
Philosophy, V. 611.
Tennessee, XXI. 182—bonds of, 479.
Tennis, XXL 184; XVII. 113.
Tenny, in heraldry, XI 244.
Tenon and mortise, oblique, VI. 167.
Tenoning, in carpentry, V. 683.
Tenses, XXL 184 ; X. 657, 684, 691.
Ten sift, river, XV. 503.
Tent, XXI. 184—Arabian, III. 335.
Tentacula, XV. 324.
Tenterden, in Kent, XXL 184.
Tenthredinetas, insects, IX. 217.
Tenthredo, insect, IX. 217.
Tentorium, II. 811 ; III. 32.
Tentyria, insect, IX. 163.
Tentyris, ruins of, VIII. 542.
Tenuirostres, birds, XVI. 588.
Tenure, in law, XXL 184.
Teos, Ionian city, XXL 184.
Tepals, in botany, V. 43.
Tequendama, waterfall of, III. 118;
IV. 732 ; XVII. 525.
Teramo, Italian city, XXI. 184.
Tercera, island, XXL 184; IV. 263.
Tercero, river, XVIII. 5.
Tercine, III. 101.
Terebella, worm, XI. 218.
Terebellum, in conchology, XV. 346.
Terebra, in conchology, XV. 347.
Terebrantia, insects, IX. 217.
Terebratula, in conchology, XV. 344,
365.
Teredo, in conchology, XV. 349.
Terek, river, XXI. 184 ; XIX. 565.
Terence (Publius), XXI. 184; XVII.
411—comedies of, VIII. 151—poetry
of, XVIII. 153.
Terentia, wife of Cicero, VI. 693.
Terentius Varro, VI. 198.
Teres, in horses, XXI. 627.
Tergovista, Turkish town, XXL 185.
Terki, Russian fortress, XXL 185.
Term, XXI. 185—academical terms at
Oxford, 498; Cambridge, 503; and
Dublin, 524.
Termes, insect, IX. 99, 213 ; II. 229.
Terminal, in architecture, III. 470.
Termination Island, XXI. 185.
Termini, city, XXL 185; XV. 700.
 , in architecture, XXI. 185.
Terminus, Pagan deity, XXI. 185.
Termitinse, insects, IX. 213.
Tern, bird, XVI. 633.
Ternate, island, XXL 185.
Terni, Italian town XXI. 185.
Ternstroemiacese, in botany, V. 100.
Terpander, Greek poet, XXI. 185.
Terpsichore, XV. 603,
Terra Aostralis Incognita, supposed
southern continent, XXI. 186.
Terra japonnica, dye-stuff, VIII. 320—
specific gravity of, XII. 37—its use
in tanning, XXI. 77.
Terra-Nova,‘XXI. 186; XV. 702.
Terra Orleana, III. 235.
Terracina, XXL 186; XVII. 3.
Terrae, or Terrai, XXI. 186; XL 375.
Terrasson (John), XXL 186.
Terre-Napoleon, XXL 186.
Terre-Verte, XXI. 186.
Terriani, or Terreeana, in Hindustan,
XXL 186; XL 375.
Terrier, XI. 707.
Terroweh, Hindu town, XXL 186.
Tertiary rocks, XV. 210; XVII. 509.
Tertollian (Q. S. F.), XXL 187—
INDEX
151
TER—THA
his execration of the anatomical re¬
searches of Herophilus, II. 688—on
the theatre, VIII. 152.
Teruel, in Spain, XXI. 187.
Teruncius, Roman coin, XXI. 187.
Ter Veere, XXI. 566.
Tervengart, Hindu town, XXI. 187.
Terzetto, in music, XXI. 187.
Teschen, in Moravia, XXI. 187.
Tescuco, in Mexico, XIV. 814.
Teshoo Loomboo, XXI. 187, 256, 257.
Tessarops, arachnides, III. 363.
Tesselated Pavement, XXI. 187.
Tessera, XXI. 187.
Tesseratoma, insect, IX. 196.
Tessin, Swiss canton, XXI. 188.
Tessouwa, in Fezzan, XXI. 188.
Test of English Church, XVI. 760.
Test Act, XXI. 188—passing of the, V.
347—attempts in 1787, 1790, and
1791, to getit repealed, 443,457,459
—its repeal, 573.
Testa, in botany, V. 46, 50.
Testacea, XV. 329—hermaphrodites
among the, III. 158.
Testacella, mollusca, XV. 357.
Testament, XXI. 188 ; VI. 709.
Testi (Fulvio), poetry of, XVIII. 161.
Testicles, II. 824; XVII. 687—their
position in the foetus, II. 703.
Testimony, as a ground of human judg¬
ment, XIII. 439, 440—evidence of,
XIV. 641—value of, XVIII. 593, 612
—argument from, XIX. 207. See
Probability.
Testu’s aerial voyage, II. 189.
Testudo, XXI. 188—reptile, XIX. 128.
Tetanoeera, insect, IX. 289.
Tetanops, insect, IX. 286.
Tetanura, insect, IX. 287.
Tetanus in animals, XXI. 634.
Tetarto-carbo-hydrogen, VI. 371.
Tetbury, in Gloucester, XXI. 188.
Tetes-de-pont, IX. 786.
Tethuroa, island, XXI. 188.
Tetraciiord, XXI. 188.
Tetragnatha, arachnides. III. 361.
Tetragonopterus, fish, XII. 212.
Tetragonurus, fish, XII. 192.
Tetramera, insects, IX. 170.
Tetrao, bird, XVI. 611.
Tetraodon, fish, XII. 228.
 electricus, VIII. 614.
Tetrapterus, fish, XII. 184.
Tetrarch, XXI. 188.
Tetrarhynchus, zoophyte, XXI. 996.
Tetrastoma, zoophytes, XXI. 997.
Tetrastobn, in architecture, III. 470.
Tetrastyle, XXI. 189; III. 471.
Tetrix, insect, IX. 194.
Tettigometra, insect, IX. 203.
Tettigonia, insect, IX. 204.
Tettua Motu, cape, XXI. 189.
Tetuan, in Morocco, XV. 504.
Teulere’s lighthouse-reflectors, XX. 18.
Tedtones, XXI. 189—their war with
the Romans, XIX. 392 ; VI. 697.
Teutonic, XXI. 189.
   Knights, XXI. 189—in Prus¬
sia, XVIII. 670.
Tevego, XVII. 59.
Teviot, XIX. 511.
Tewkesbury, in Gloucestershire, XXI.
189—battle of, VIII. 737.
Texas, XIV. 819—invasion of, by Gu¬
tierrez, 786—settlement of, 793 —
rupture of, with Mexico, 794,
Texel, island, XXI. 189.
Text, XXI. 189.
Texture, XXI. 189.
Teyus, reptile, XIX. 139.
Thais, insect, IX. 241.
Thalamiflone, in botany, V. 41.
Thales, XXI. 189—his philosophy, III.
495—-astronomy, 727—mathematical
knowledge, X. 422; XIV. 313.
Thalestris, her visit to Alexander the
Great, II. 589.
Thalia, XXI. 190 ; XV. 603—statue
of, VIII. Plate 194.
Thame, English town, XXI. 190.
Thames, river, XXI. 190; VIII. 760;
XIII. 402; XV. 60—sailing of the
U
THA—THE
Dutch fleet up the, V. 344—tunnel
under the, XIII. 512 ; XXI. 403, 407
—navigation of the, XVI. 19, 687—
Thames and Medway Canal, 20 —
Thames and Severn Canal, ib.
Thames, river in N. Zealand, XXL 190.
Thamnophilus, bird, XVI. 568.
Thanasir, Hindu town, XXI. 190.
Thane, XXL 190.
Thanet (Isle of), XXI. 190 ; XII. 694.
Thann, French city, XXI. 191.
Thapsus, battle of, XIX. 398.
Tharymbas I. and II., kings of Epirus,
IX. 312.
Thaso, island, XXL 191.
Thatcham, English town, XXL 191.
Thavies’ Inn, XII. 282 ; XIII. 528.
Thaxted, in Essex, XXI. 191.
Theaki, or Ithaca, XII. 341.
Theatines, religious order, XXI. 191.
Theatre, XXI. 191—ancient Greek
theatres, III. 416, 437; IV. 120—Ro¬
man, III. 444—old English, XVIII.
49—acclamations in ancient theatres,
II. 87—law respecting theatrical re¬
presentations in China, VI. 558—de¬
clamation of the, VII. 664—decora¬
tions of, 665—monopoly of the two
great London theatres, VIII. 178.
See Drama, Playhouse, Actor, Dublin,
Edinburgh, Paris, &c.
Thebes, in Greece, XXI. 194—army of,
III. 588—taken and destroyed by
Alexander, XIII. 630.
 , in Egypt, XXI. 199—ruins of,
III. 409, 410, 411; VIII. 535—de-
truction of, 473.
Thebith Ben Korah, III. 734.
Thecadactyli, reptiles, XIX. 147.
Thecaphore, in botany, V. 44.
Theft, or larceny, XIII. 113.
Theionaphthalic acid, VI. 431.
Theiovinic acid, VI. 431.
Thelphusa, Crustacea, VII. 501.
Thelyphonus, arachnides, III. 364.
Themistius, Greek orator, XXI. 199.
Themistocles, XXI. 200 ; IV. 150,
151, 152—his expedition against An¬
dros, III. 126—Athens improved by,
IV. 114.
Thenard’s analysis of sugar, V. 247.
Thenardite, specific gravity of, XII. 37.
Theobald (Lewis), XXI. 200.
Theocracy, XXI. 200.
Theocritus, XXI. 200 — poetry of,
XVIII. 152—Warton’s edition of his
works, XXI. 780.
Theodicy, XIV. 600.
Theodolite, mathematical instrument,
XXI. 200—Ramsden’s, 354.
Theodore (Baron Nieuchof), German
adventurer, XXI. 200.
Theodoretus, XXI. 201.
Theodoric, king of Metz, X. 4.
 , king of the Ostrogoths, XII.
464; XIX. 424; XX. 493.
Theodoras, geometrician, XVIII. 13.
Theodosian code, VI. 713.
Theodosians, III. 127.
Theodosius, Roman emperor, VII. 279 ;
XIX. 419—reproved by St Ambrose,
II. 602—Antioch oppressed by. III.
253.
 II., Roman emperor, XIX. 421.
 , Roman general, XIX. 418.
 , ancient mathematician, X. 420
—on spherics, XIV. 315.
Theodota, XX. 440.
Theogony, XXI. 201.
Theognis, Greek poet, XXI. 201.
Theology, XXL 202. See Religion.
 (Metaphysical), XIV. 600.
  (Natural), XXL 202 ; XVII.
561, 575—Paley on, XVI. 762—appli¬
cation of physiology to, XVII. 588—
Socrates’s admiration of, XX. 455,
469—Epicurean errors of Lamarck,
III. 176-8, n.—wonders disclosed by
the microscope, 184. See God.
Theon of Alexandria, X. 427.
 , Greek painter, XVI. 704.
Theophanes, XIX. 528.
Theophilus, anatomist, II. 691.
THE—THI
Theophilus, one of the compilers of Jus¬
tinian’s Institutes, VI. 717.
 , bishop of Alexandria, VII. 279.
Theophrastus, XXI. 235; III. 494—
on astronomy, 729—on geometry, X.
425—his character of the supersti¬
tious man, XX. 812.
Theophylact, religious dramas intro¬
duced by, VIH. 153.
Theopompus, XXI. 236 ; XX. 525.
Theorbo, XXI. 236.
Theorem, XXI. 236 ; X. 433; XIII.
445.
Theory, XXL 236 ; XVII. 440, 443.
Theosophists, XXI. 236.
Theramenes, IV. 159, 161.
Therapeuta?, XXL 236.
Therapeutics, XXI. 236.
Therapon, fish, XII. 169.
Thereva, insect, IX. 266.
Theridion, arachnides. III. 360.
Therina, insect, IX. 291.
Thermas, XXL 236—Roman, XIX. 429.
Thermal springs, XVII. 528 ; XX. 550.
Thermia, island, XXI. 236.
Thermo-electricity, XXI. 695—discovery
of, VIII. 574.
Thermometer, XXI. 236—invention of,
I. 640 ; IV. 392; X. 289, n. — conse¬
quences of invention, I. 544—used to
ascertain the mode of the propagation
of heat amongst different bodies, 651
—height of, in connection with at¬
mospherical refraction, IV. 100—suc¬
cessive improvements on, 393—appli¬
cation of, in barometrical measure¬
ments, 398—adjustment of, VI. 262
—Dr Dalton on scale of, XII. 116—
its use in meteorology, XIV. 724, 7 44
—how to be placed for meteorologi¬
cal purposes, XVII. 530 — register
thermometers, ib. ; I. 647—metallic
thermometers, ib.—electrical air-ther¬
mometer, VIII. 662—permanence of
the boiling point, XX. 572.
  (Differential), VI. 757, 760;
VII. 60 ; XIV. 725 ; XIII. 244 ; XXI.
239—invention of, I. 647.
Thermopylae, XXI. 242 ; X. 723—fre¬
quently defended by the Amphicty-
ons, II. 667—defended by Leonidas,
XX. 525.
Thermuthis, Egyptian deity, VIII. 554.
Thero, II. 350.
Therwara, Hindu town, XXI. 243.
Thesea, Athenian feasts, XXI. 243.
Theseus, XXI. 243 — temple of, in
Athens, IV. 117—reign of, 143—dance
instituted by, VII. 614.
Thesiger (Sir F.), V. 502.
Thesis, XXI. 243.
Thespis, XXI. 24 3—the Greek drama
improved by, VIII. 144.
Thessaly, XXL 243; X. 723—its af¬
fairs settled by Philip, XIII. 624.
Thetford, in Norfolk, XXI. 243.
Thetis, wife of Oceanus, XXL 243.
Thethys, molluscum, XV. 360.
Theurgy, XXI. 243.
TheutidiB, fishes, XII. 189.
Tiiiagur, Hindu town, XXI. 243.
Thibet. See Tibet,
Thible, an aeronaut, II. 188.
Thiebaut (Monsieur), his classification
of books, IV. 631.
Tbierri, X. 4, 5.
Thiers, in France, XXI. 243.
Thigh, muscles of the, II. 793.
Thigh-bone, in man, II. 789—its upper
joint, 791—in the mammalia, III. 9—
in birds, 13.
Thimbric Kouy, XXI. 24 3.
Thionville, in France, XXI. 243.
ThirSK, in Yorkshire, XXI. 244.
Thirst, XI. 732; XVII. 626, 662.
Thirsty Sound, XX. 244.
Thirty-nine Articles, petition against
subscription to the. V. 395.
Thirty Years’ War, XXI. 18,
Thirwall, XXL 214.
Thistle (Order of the), XXI. 244.
Thistle’s Island, XXL 244.
Thistles of Buenos Ayres, V. 640.
THI—THR
Thistlewood (Arthur), his plot, V. 548.
Thive, in Greece, XXI. 199.
Tholobate, in architecture. III. 471.
Tholus, in architecture. III. 471.
Thomar, in Portugal, XXI. 244.
Thomas of Erceldoune, XXI. 244.
 (George), IV. 450, 609.
 (St), island, XX. 660.
  (Monsieur), his Eloge de Des¬
cartes, I. 243, 247.
Thomas’s (St), Hospital, XIII. 513.
Thomasius, his attack on the doctrine
of witchcraft, III. 299.
Thomastown, XXI. 245.
Thome (St), XIX. 615.
Thomisus, arachnides. III. 362.
Thompson (Sir Benj.), Count Rumford,
XXI. 245 — on the importance of
cookery, VIII. 25—on flannel cloth¬
ing, IX. 614—on gunnery, XI. 58, 85
—on the adhesion of fluids, XII. 45—•
his lamp, XIII. 44*—his photometer,
335—on latent heat, XX. 601.
Thompson’s rope-machinery, XIX. 466,
Thomson (Dr Allen), on generation,
XVII. 686, et seq.
  (James), English poet, XXI.
248—dramatic works of, VIII. 174—
poetry of, XVIII. 172.
 (James), on the spider, III. 355.
  (Dr Thomas), of Glasgow, on
sal-ammoniac, II. 659.
  (Dr Todd), on the leaves of
plants, XXL 576.
Thomsonite, specific gravity of, XII. 37.
Thor, XXI. 251.
Thoracic duct, II. 729, 698, 818 ; XVII.
582, 632, 653.
Thoracici, fishes, their fins and pelvis,
III. 17, 18.
Thorax, human, XVII. 614—Galen’s de¬
scription of, II. 690—regions of, 757
—bones, 764—muscles, 794—nerves,
812—its structure with reference to
breathing, XVIII. 122.
 of mammalia, III. 3—reptiles,
14—insects, IX. 71.
Thorda, in Hungary, XXI. 251.
Thorina, VI. 402.
Thorium, VI. 401.
Thorlacius, VII. 731.
Thorley, Mr, his hive. III. 283—on the
management of hives, IV. 536.
Thorn, Prussian city, XXI. 251.
Thorns of plants, III. 69—of trees, 86
—functions of, XXI. 580.
Thornback, fish, XII. 235.
Thornbury, English town. XXI. 251.
Thorne, in Yorkshire, XXL 251.
Thornhill (Sir James), English paint¬
er, XXI. 251 ; XVI. 725.
 , Scottish village, XXI. 252.
Thorough Bass, in music, XXI. 252.
Thorough-pin, XXI. 617.
Thorout, in Flanders, XXI. 252.
Thorverton, in Devon, XXI. 252.
Thorwaldsen, XX. 9.
Thoth, XXL 252 ; VIH. 55- ; XL 320;
XV. 681; XVII 377,429,430; XVIII
335. See Hermes.
Thothmosis, VIII. 463.
Thou (J. A. de). See Thuanus.
Thouin (M.), botanist, V. 87, 91.
Thouret (Monsieur), on animal magnet¬
ism, XIV. 3, 15.
Thrace, XXL 252—mines in, XV. 242.
Thracians, XVII. 395—their language,
ib., 417.
Thrapston, English town, XXI. 252.
Thrasher, in zoology, XIV. 178.
Thrashing. See Threshing.
Thrasybulus, IV. 159, etseg.; XXL 55
—clemency of. VI. 735.
Thrasyllus, architecture of the choragic
monument of. III. 436.
Thrasymenus, battle of, VI. 197.
Thread of spider, III. 356. See Spin¬
ning, Cotton-manufacture, Silk-manu¬
facture, Woollen manufacture.
Three Bodies, problem of the, III. 749 J
IV. 57.
Three Hills Island, XXL 252.
Three Hummock Island, XXI. 252.
152
INDEX
THR—TIC
Thbee Islands, XXI. 253.
Three Kings, XXI. 253.
Three Points Cape, XXI. 253.
Three Rivers, XXI. 253.
Thresher, fish, XII. 233.
Threshing, or thrashing, XXI. 252—of
wheat, II. 281—carts anciently em¬
ployed in, VI. 179.
Threshing-machines, II. 268, 352; XIV.
118, 431—invention of, II. 262 ; VI.
720—improved by Meikle, II. 263.
Thrips, insect, IX. 205.
Thrombus in animals, XXI. 632.
Throne, XXI. 253.
Throstle, VII. 402; X. 556 ; XX. 539.
Throwing-machine, XX. 348.
Thrush, in ornithology — Chilian, VI.
526—ant, XVI. 573—glossy, 572—
missel, 571—pagoda, 574—song, 571.
 , a disease of horses, XXI. 620.
Thryssa, fish, XII. 216.
Thuanus (J. A.), XXI. 253—his Table-
Talk, II. 695—his character of George
Buchanan, V. 633.
Thdcydides, historian, XXI. 253.
Thueris, Egyptian deity, VIII. 553.
Thugs of India, XI. 397.
Thdle, XXL 254 ; X. 390 ; XI. 201;
XVIII. 761 ; XXI. 987.
Thumb, opposition of fingers and, II.
796. See Fingers.
Thummim, XXI. 531.
Thun, lake of, XXI. 46—its tempera¬
ture, VI. 749.
Thunberg’s botanical labours, V. 75—
his account of Japan, XII. 513.
Thunder, XXI. 254 ; XII. 135—sound
of, II. 119—an electrical phenomenon,
VIII. 569—cause of the rolling of,
619—distance of, ib.
Thunder-rods, VIII. 646.
Thunder-storms, VII. 3.
Thunder-bolt, XXI. 254; VIII. 619.
Thurgau, Swiss canton, XXI. 254, 49
—education in, 50.
Thuringia, in Germany, XXI. 254.
Thurles, XXI. 316.
Thurlow (Lord), V. 435.
Thurocz, in Hungary, XXI 254.
Thurrock-Grays, XXI. 254.
Thursday, XXI. 254—origin of the
■word, XVIII. 337.
Thurso, XXI. 254 ; V. 781.
Thylacinus, in zoology, XIV. 127.
Thymsetes, IV. 143.
Thymallus, fish, XII. 210—angling for,
III. 144.
Thymalus, insect, IX. 148.
Thymelese, in botany, V. 127.
Thynnus, fish, XII. 182.
 , insect, IX. 229.
Thyreophora, insect, IX. 288.
Thyris, insect, IX. 244.
Thyroid cartilage, II. 805.
Thyrsites, fish, XII. 183.
Thyrsus, XXI. 254.
 , in botany, V. 41.
Thysanoura, insects, IX. 60, 294.
Tiara, XXI. 254 ; XI. 256.
Tibaldi, painter, XVI. 720, 721.
Tibbermore, battle of, V. 327.
Tibboos, II. 224; IX. 376.
Tiber, Italian river, XXI. 254; XII.
285; XVII. 3, 5.
Tiberias, XVI. 744—Jewish archate of,
XII. 576—lake of, XVII. 522 ; XVI.
744—battle of, 756.
Tiberius Caesar, reign of, XIX. 401.
Tibet, XXI. 254—climate of, III. 679-
language, XIII. 81—heights of moun¬
tains, XVII. 505.
Tibia, or shin-bone, in man, II. 790,
792—in the mammalia, III. 9—birds,
13—reptiles, 15.
Tibullus (Albius), Roman poet, XXI.
258 ; XVIII. 154.
Tibur, in Latium, XXI. 259.
Ticao Isle, XXI. 259.
Tiohfield, in Hampshire, XXL 259.
Tichodroma, bird, XVI. 588.
Ticino, Swiss canton, XXI. 188.
Ticinus, battle of, VI. 197.
Tick, in sheep, XXI. 637.
TIC—TIM
Tickary, Hindu town, XXI. 259.
Tickell (Thomas), poet, XXI. 259.
Tickhill, in Yorkshire, XXI. 259.
Ticoo Islands, XXI. 259.
Ticos, island, XXI. 259.
Tides, XXI. 259 ; I. 662-3 ; XVII. 517
—explanation of, by Newton, I. 563
—discussions respecting earth’s figure
led to examination of theory of, 662
—Kepler on cause of, III. 740—La¬
place on, 752—singular phenomena
of, in the Forth, VI. 7 20—in refer¬
ence to navigation, XV. 753—influ¬
ence of, on vegetation, XVI. 263—
little felt in the Baltic and Mediterra¬
nean Seas, XVII. 520 — velocity of
tide-wave, XV. 178.
Tide-clock, Ferguson’s, VI. 778.
Tide-gauge, XXI. 286.
Tide-lock, XVI. 32.
Tide-tables, XXI. 284.
Tideswell, in Derbyshire, XXI. 287.
Tidore (isle of), XXI. 287.
Tie-beam, strain on, VI. 159.
Tieck, German poet, XVIII. 168—ro¬
mances of, XIX. 357, 358.
Tiedemann on the lymphatics, II. 729
—on the echinodermata, XXI. 1000
—on phosphorescent medusae, 1016.
Tierney (Mr), his opposition to Pitt’s
navy bill, V. 483—his duel with Pitt,
4 84—on the expedition to Holland,
494—his motion for an inquiry into
the state of the nation, 544.
Tierra del Espiritu Santo, IV. 214.
Tierra del Fuego, XVII. 117.
Tiflis, XXI. 134; III. 699.
Tiga, island, XXI. 287.
Tiger, XIV. 121—of Asia, III. 682;
Hindustan, XI. 382 ; Sumatra, XX.
803—tiger-shooting, 302.
Tiger-moth, IX. 248.
Tight, meaning of the word, VIII. 13.
Tiglath-pileser, III. 717.
Tigranes, king of Armenia, III. 574;
XVIII. 355; XIX. 395.
Tigre, in Abyssinia, II. 58.
Tigris, river, XXI. 287—navigation of
the, IV. 279.
Tiguil, river, XXI. 288.
Tilburg, in Belgium, XXI. 288.
Tilbury, in Essex, XXI. 288.
Tilenus (Daniel), his disputation with
s Cameron, VI. 39.
Tiles, paving and roofing with, V. 671
—for drains, VIII. 139.
Tiliaceae, in botany, V. 100.
Tillage, II. 275. See Ploughing.
Tilley (Mr), his water-pressure blow¬
pipe for glass-blowers, IV. 715.
Tillotson (John), XXL 288, 886.
Tillouta,.Hindu town, XXI. 288.
Tilly (Count), his military operations
against Gustavus Adolphus, XXI. 18
—defeated and killed, 19.
Tilsit, XXI. 288—treaty of, X. 147;
XVIII. 684 ; XIX. 559 ; V. 523.
Timaan, island, XXI. 288.
Timahet, Hindu town, XXI. 288.
Timanthes, paintings of, XVI. 701.
Timarcha, insect, IX. 184.
Timber, XXL 289—anciently the prin¬
cipal material of houses, III. 407—
sawing of, V. 691; VIII. 83; XIX.
663—destruction of, by the Limnoria
terebrans, VII. 502—dry rot in, VIII.
77, 78, 226; XVI. 47; XX. 273-
common rot in, VIII. 227—seasoning
of, 229—winter felled, 230—effects of
its immersion in sand, earth, or water,
231—its impregnation with foreign
substances, 232—Pliny on the pre¬
servation of, ib.—examples of long
duration of, 233—imports of, into the
United Kingdom, 784-5—for ships,
XVI. 48; XX. 272—supply of, XVI.
49—decay of, XX. 272—means of
preserving, 274—time for felling, ib.
—expansion of deal rods by moisture,
XXI. 352—timbers of a house, V.
683. See Building, Carpentry, Join¬
ery, Plantations, Planting, Wood.
Timber-trade, VIII. 784-5—effect of pro-
TIM—TIR
hibiting-duties on the trade with Nor'
way and Canada, VI. 62—New Bruns'
wick trade, XVI. 149.
Timbuctoo, African town, XXI. 310.
Time, XXI. 310—views of philosophers
regarding the nature of, 1.142; XIV.
664, 667—measure of, III. 775—equa¬
tion of,, 776—table for converting in¬
tervals of sidereal into intervals of
mean solar time, IV. 99—machines
for measuring small intervals of, VI.
783—table of its equation for every
day in the year, VII. 780—use of
pendulum in measuring, XVII. 188—
geological time, XV. 240.
 , in music, IV. 475.
Time-piece, XI. 565.
Timerycotta, XXI. 310.
Timia, insect, IX. 287.
Timocharis on astronomy. III. 730.
Timocrates, XX. 527.
Timoleon, his military operations in Si¬
cily, VI. 186 ; XXL 56.
Timomachus, painter, XVI. 704.
Timon, XXI. 310.
Timor (East), island, XXI. 311—ser
pents of, XX. 137.
Timor Laut, island, XXI. 311.
Timotheus, XXI. 311.
Timothy no bishop, XVIII. 524.
Timour. See Tamerlane.
Timpani. See Kettle-drum.
Tin, VI. 413 — Phoenician trade with
Britain for, V. 297—its compounds
with copper, 185 ; VI. 416—salts of
oxides of, 450—use of its oxides as
mordants, VIII. 303, 314, 339—its
chlorides used in calico-printing, 339,
340—specific gravity of, XII. 37—its
muriate poisonous, XIV. 502—cohe¬
sion of, XX. 757—tinning of iron
plates, XIII. 119 ; XXI. 312.
Tin-beaters, IV. 474.
Tin-mines of Barca, IV. 339—Britain,
XV. 246—the Continent, 251—Corn¬
wall, VII. 367—England, VIII. 769
—Europe, IX. 409—Junkseylon, XII.
631.
Tin-ore, in mineralogy, XV. 161.
Tinamou, bird, XVI. 612.
Tinea, fish, XII. 198—angling for. III.
146.
Tinchebrai, battle of, VIII. 715.
Tinctures, in heraldry, XI. 244.
Tindal (Matthew), XXI. 311—Simon
Brown’s defence of Christianity
against, V. 596—his legacy to Eustace
Budgell, 638.
 (Nicholas), XXI. 311.
 (William). See Tyndale.
Tine, Turkish island, XXI. 312.
Tinea, insect, IX. 252.
Tineites, insects, IX. 251.
Tingano, river, XXI. 312.
Tingi Islands, XXI. 312.
Tingis, insect, IX. 197.
Tingoran, island, XXI. 312.
Tingtcheou, Chinese city, XXI. 312.
Tinian, island, XXL 312.
Tinnevelly. XXI. 312.
Tinning, XXL 312; XIII. 119.
Tintern, XXI. 312—Abbey, X. 335.
Tintoretto, painter, XVI. 718.
Tiperah, in Bengal. XXI. 312.
Tiphia, insect, IX. 229.
Tipperary, Irish county, XXI. 312.
Tippermuir, battle of, V. 327.
Tippoo Saib, XI. 423, et seq.; XIV. 51
—war with, V. 460, 462—fall of, 488 ,
—his measures in Canara, VI. 70, 72.
Tipstaff, XXI. 313.
Tipton, in Staffordshire, XXI. 316.
Tipula, insect, IX. 261.
Tipularise, insects, IX. 258.
Tiranas, XXI. 316.
Tireh, in Asia Minor, XXI. 316.
Tirey, Scotch island, XXI. 316.
Tirhoot, in Hindustan, XXI. 316.
Tiridates, XVII. 260.
Tirlemont, in Louvain, XXL 316—
battle of. V. 370.
Tirolese, XXI. 316.
Tiroon, V. 10.
TIS—TOK
Tissaphernes, IV. 159.
Tissues of human body, II. 712—fila¬
mentous or cellular, 702, 713 ; XVII.
597—adipose, ib.; II. 715—arterial,
716,— venous, 719—erectile, 725—
nervous, 731—cutaneous, 750—mu¬
cous, 751—serous, 754.
 , cellular, of plants, III. 57.
 , animal, III. 158 ; XVII. 596.
Titans, XXI. 316; VII. 463.
Titanic acid, VI. 391—salts of, 454.
Titanite, specific gravity of, XII. 37.
Titanium, VI. 391—ore, XV. 168.
Tithes, in ecclesiastical law, XXI. 317,
112 — injurious to agriculture, II.
349—in England, VIII. 788—in Scot¬
land, XIX. 764, n. 2.
Tithing, XXI. 317.
Tithrambo, Egyptian deity, VIII. 554.
Titiano Vecelli, Italian painter, XXL
317; III. 648,655, 657; XVI. 703,704,
717 — his estimation of the genus of
Corregio, II. 521.
Titicaca, American lake, III. 116; IV.
746 ; XVII. 522 ; XVIII. 739.
Title, XXI. 318.
Tit-mouse, XVI. 579.
Titular, XXL 318,
Titus Vespasianus, Roman emperor,
XXL 318; XIX. 405—arch of, III.
461—clemency of, VI. 735—Jerusa¬
lem taken and destroyed by, XII.
575; XVI. 752.
   (Colonel), his work entitled
Killing no Murder, V. 338.
Tiverton, in Devonshire, XXL 318—
lace-manufacture at, VII. 746.
Tivey, river, VI. 137.
Tivokea, island, XXI. 318.
Tivoli, XXI. 318—temple of Vesta at,
III. 418, 448, 460—villa of Adrian
near, 444.
Tize, Persian sea-port, XXL 318.
Tjidanee, river, XXI. 318.
Tlaseala, XIV. 768.
Tlateloleos, XIV. 760.
Tmesisternus, insect, IX. 179.
Toads, XIX. 156—their power of fast¬
ing, III. 167.
Toaldo (Signior), on the moon’s influ¬
ence on the weather, XV. 442.
Tobacco, XVI. 208—Brazilian, V. 206
— Egyptian, VIII. 525—Greek, X.
727, 731—Indian, XI. 381—Mexican,
XIV. 801—of the United States, XXL
463—of Virginia, 649—tax on, V. 378
—management of the duty on, trans¬
ferred to the excise, 455—alkali in,
VI. 468—effect of custom in the use
of, VII. 560—allays hunger, XI. 731
—useful in destroying insects, XII.
294—poisonous, XIV. 506.
Tobacco-Pipes, manufacture of, XXI.
318—earth of which made, VI. 698—
Hookah-pipe, XL 554.
Tobago, island, XXI. 319—culture of
the bread-fruit in, V. 213.
Tobermory, in Mull, XV. 591.
Tobol, Russian river, XXI. 320.
Tobolsk, XXL 320; XIX. 587, 588.
Tobosa, Spanish village, XXI. 321.
Tocantins, river, V. 198.
Tocat, in Asia Minor, XXI. 321.
Toccata, in music, XXI. 321.
Tockenburg, XXI. 321.
Tocuyo river, XXI. 591.
Todawars, XI. 398.
Todd (J. T.), on the torpedo, VIII. 611.
Todd (Col), on the Rajpoots, XI. 396,
439, 440—on Hindu literature, 408—
on Oudeypoor, XVI. 675.
Toddington, XXL 321.
Toderies, XI. 398.
Todus, bird, XVI. 593.
Toes (human), bones of, II. 791, 792 —
muscles of, 794.
 , bones of, in the mammalia. III.
9, 10—in birds, 13.
Tofana, a Neapolitan poisoner, III. 313.
Toga, XXL 321.
Togrul Beg, III. 687 ; VIII. 478.
Toka, Hindu town, XXI. 321.
Tokat, in Asia Minor, XXI. 821.
INDEX,
153
TOK—TOO
Tokay, XXI. 321—wine, IV. 231.
Token Besseys, isles, XXI. 321.
Toeand (John), XXI. 321.
Toledo, in Spain, XXI. 321.
Tolemata, II. 236.
Toleration, XXI. 322 ; XVI. 655 —
law of Buenos Ayres in favour of, V.
657—among the ancients, XI. 487 ;
XII. 57 3—favoured by the Indepen¬
dents, 264—Bocke on, XIII. 415—
the alleged tolerant spirit of pagan¬
ism disputed, XX. 446.
Tolfa, alum-work at, II. 573, 575.
Tollo Bay, XXI. 323.
Tolly (Barclay de). III. 608. ,
Tolour Isle, XXI. 323.
Tolstonoskoi, XXI. 324.
Toltecks,orToltecans, II. 622,623,6355
XIV. 757, 811 ; XVII. 555.
Toluca, in Mexico, XIV. 814.
Tomb. XXI. 324—ancient tombs, III. 260
—characters of abbreviations on tomb¬
stones, VI. 323. See Sepulchre.
Tomboro, volcano of, XVII. 513.
Tombuctoo. See Timbuctoo.
Tomgraney, spring at, VI. 725.
Tomicus, insect, IX. 176.
Tominie Bay, XXI. 325.
Tomogtjy, island, XXI. 325.
Tompion of a cannon, XXI. 325.
Tomsk, Russian city, XXI. 325.
Tomyris, VII. 578.
Tonality, in music, XXI. 325.
Tondi, Indian sea-port, XXI. 325.
Tone, in music. See Music.
 and Parrett navigation, XVI. 20.
 or tonicity of muscles, XVII.
133, 605, 612.
 (Wolfe), XII. 384, 385, 386,
Tong, Chinese city, XXI. 325.
Tonga Islands, XVIII. 322.
Tongataboo, XXI. 325; II. 672.
Tong-Gin, Chinese city, XXI. 325.
Tongho, XXI. 325.
Tong-Tchang, Chinese city, XXI. 325.
Tong-Tchouen, Chinese city,XXI. 325.
Tongs, zig-zag or lazy, XIV. 450.
Tongue, XVII. 627, 663—muscles of,
II. 794—anatomy of, 803—uses of,
804—comparative anatomy of, III. 26
—contraction of the ligaments of, 109
—of serpents, XX. 129—its diseases
in domestic animals, XXI. 622.
Tongueing, in joinery, V. 687.
Tonk Rampoorah, XXI. 325.
Tonkin’s diving-apparatus, VIII. 62.
Tonnage of ships, XXI. 326.
 and Poundage, XXI. 334.
Tonnage-laws, XX. 209.
Tonneins, French city, XXI. 334.
Tonnere, in France, XXI. 334.
Tonningen, XXI. 334—siege of, 22.
Tonoru, in Mysore, XXI. 334.
Tonquin, XXI. 408.
Tonsils, II. 803.
Tonson (Jacob),VII. 315.
Tonsure, XXI. 334.
Tontine, XXI. 334—remarks on go
vernment-schemes for raising money
by, III. 207, 208.
Ton-Ting, Chinese lake, XXI. 334.
Tonyn’s Islands, XXI. 334.
Toobae, islets, XXI. 334.
Toobigan, island, XXI. 334.
Toobouai, island, XXI. 334.
Toofoa, island, XXI. 334.
Tooke (John Horne), XXI. 334—his
etymological riddles deduced from
false principles, I. 61—prosecution of,
for high treason,V.474,476—on gram¬
mar, X. 672 et seq.
Tool, XXI. 337.
Tooljapoor, Hindu town, XXI. 337.
Tooloombah, XXI. 337.
Toombuddra, river, XXI. 337—basket-
boats on the, IV. 428.
Toomoon, Hindu town, XXI. 337.
Toon-wood of India, XXI. 300.
Tooreypoor, Hindu town, XXI. 337,
Toorkomans. See Turcomans.
Toormooz, in Tartary, XXI. 337
Tooth See Teeth.
Tuoting, in Surrey, XXI. 337
TOP—TOR
Top of a ship, XXI. 337.
Topaz, X. 379 ; XV. 156—its crystalli¬
zation, VII. 515, 523—its pyro-elec¬
tricity, VIII. 597—electrical pheno¬
menon produced by its cleavage, 601
—specific gravity of, XII. 37—Egyp¬
tian, VIII. 518—optical phenomena
of Brazilian, XVI. 491—mines of, in
Brazil, XV. 110.
Topaz-rock, XV. 278.
Topazolite, a mineral, XV. 159.
Tope, fish, XII. 233.
Topgallant Isle, XXI. 338.
Topmast of a ship, XXI. 337.
Topography, XXI. 338.
Topsails of a ship, XXI. 338.
Topsham, in Devonshire, XXI. 338.
Tor, Arabian town, XXI. 338.
Torbay, in Devonshire, XXI. 338.
Torbet (Mr), on neuralgia, XVII. 484.
Toree, Hindu town, XXI. 338.
Torella (G.), on the venereal disease,
XX. 828.
Torelli, life and character of, I. 581.
Toretto, sculptor, VI. 96.
Torfceus, VII. 731.
Torgau, Prussian city, XXI. 338—
battle of, XVIII. 681.
Torgoch, angling for, III. 144.
Tories, XXI. 338—origin of the, V.
308—derivation of the word, 349.
Tornado, XIV. 728; XVII. 541.
Tornatella, in couchology, XV. 346.
Tornea, XXI. 339 ; IV. 330.
Torneo, river, XIX. 565.
Toro, in Spain, XXI. 339.
Toroff, Hindu town, XXI. 339.
Torontal, in Hungary, XXI. 339.
Toropez, Russian city, XXI. 339.
Torpedo, fish, XII. 235—electricity of,
I. 622 ; VIII. 565, 572, 610 ; VII. 643
—Mr Cavendish’s attempts to imitate
its effects by electricity, VI. 261—In-
genhousz’s experiments on, XII. 274
—electrical organs of, XVII. 718.
Torpidity, III. 167. See Hybernation.
Torquay, XXI. 338.
Torre Del Greco, XXI. 339.
 (Della), on the brain, II. 736.
Torrefaction, XXI. 339.
Torregiano, his tomb of Henry the Se¬
venth, HI. 423.
Ton-elite, specific gravity of, XII. 37.
Torrens on coined money, XV. 385—on
machinery, XVIII. 282.
Torrent, XXI. 339.
Torres, a Spanish navigator, New Hol¬
land seen by, IV. 204 ; also Papua,
211; and the New Hebrides, 213.
Torres Strait, IV. 204, 218.
Torresvedras, Portuguese town, XXI.
339—lines of, V- 529 ; IX. 784.
Torricelli (E.), XXI. 340—his inven¬
tion of the barometer, IV. 386—on
hydrodynamics, XII. 2 ; I. 480—on
the cycloid, XIV. 317, 439—on me¬
chanics, 351 ; I. 477—on pneumatics,
480 ; XVIII. 71, 72.
Torrid zone, X. 408. ,
Toriungton (Great), XXI. 340.
Torshok, Russian city, XXI. 340.
Torsion (force of), XIV. 354, 399—Cou¬
lomb on, VII. 426.
Torsion-balance, IV. 307; XIII. 688,
690 ; XIV. 401 ; VIII. 586.
Torsk (Scotch), fish, XII. 219.
Torso, statue, VIII. PI. 195.
Tortoises, XIX. 128—hybernation of.
II. 46—bones of, III. 13, et seq.—
case of one which lived six months
without the brain, 163—similar case,
164—their power of fasting, 167—
structure of, XVII. 713.
Tortoise-Shell, XXI. 340; XIX. 131
Tortola, island, XXI. 340, 660.
Tortona, Italian city, XXI. 340.
Tortosa, Spanish city, XXI. 340.
 , African timber, XXI. 295.
Tortrices, insects, IX. 249.
Tortrix, serpent, XX. 138.
Tortuga, bucaneers of, V. 620, et seq.;
VIII. 104.
Tortuba, XXL 340 ; XVI. 742.
TOR—TRA
Torture, XXI. 340.
Torus, in botany, V. 41; III. 95—in
architecture, 442, 450, 471.
Torvvood, camp at, V. 335.
Tory. See Tories.
Tosanlu, in Asia Minor, XXI. 340.
Tossia, in Asia Minor, XXI. 340.
Tostig, VIII. 708.
Totanus, bird, XVI. 625.
Totila, chief of the Goths, XII. 465.
Totipalmce, birds, XVI. 633.
Totnes, in Devonshire, XXI. 340.
Tott (Baron de), on the catacombs at
Alexandria, II. 413.
Tottenham, XXI. 340.
Toucan, bird, XVI. 599.
Touch, sense of, XIV. 608 ; XVII. 579,
661—in various animals. III. 165—
in bees, IV. 523; the Crustacea, VII.
498 ; insects, III. 164 ; IX. 78; fishes,
XII. 159—its acuteness in the blind,
IV. 694, 698.
Touch-Needle, XXI. 340.
Touchstone, XXI. 341 ; XIII. 610.
Toul, in France, XXI. 341.
Toulon, XXI. 341—events at, in 1793,
X. 80; XV. 712.
Toulouse, XXI. 341—Academy of Flo¬
ral Games at, II. 67—battle of, V.
535—university of, XXI. 487.
 (Count de), V. 369.
Touraco, bird, XVI. 604.
Tourinho (Pedro de Campo), V. 189.
Tourmaline, XV. 158—iEpinus on, II.
175—pyro-eleqtricity of, VIII. 571,
595—specific gravity of, XII. 37—re¬
fraction of, XVI. 475.
Tournaghaut, XXI. 342.
Tournament, XXI. 342 ; VI. 600 ;
VIII. 252; XI. 607.
Tournay, XXI. 342—siege of, in 1709,
V. 372 —porcelain-manufacture of,
XVIII. 435.
Tournefort (J. P. de), XXI. 342—on
zoophytes and stalactites, III. 156—
his botanical method, V. 71—botani¬
cal labours of, 86—on the mollusca,
XV. 329—on the alleged growth of
stone, XX. 736.
Tourniquet, XXI. 342.
Tournon, in France, XXI. 342.
Tournus, French city, XXI. 343.
Tours, French city, XXI, 343.
Tousoun Bey, his expeditions against the
Wahabis, III. 344-5.
Toussaint Louverture, VIII. 105—base
treatment of, V. 512.
Toussoun Pasha, VIII. 498, et seq.
Towcester, XXI. 343.
Tower, in architecture. III. 471—of
London, XIII. 536.
Towers (Round), in Ireland, III. 276;
VI. 144, 727; VII. 331; VIII. 236;
XII. 426, 704, 713, 716, 728; XIII.
575 ; XIV. 339, 348 ; XV. 380 ; XX.
394 ; XXI. 315—in Scotland, II. 31;
V. 224.
Townley on the elastic force of the air,
IV. 396.
Towns, sites for, XIV. 511.
Townshead Island, XXI. 343.
Towson’s compensation watch-balance,
VI. 800.
Towton, battle of, VIII. 736.
Towy, river, V. 771.
Towyn, Welsh town, XXI. 343.
Toxicology, XIV. 500, 528 ; XVIII.
174. See Poison.
Toxophora, insect, IX. 268.
Toxotes, fish, XII. 180.
Toxotus, insect, IX. 180.
Tracery, in architecture. III. 471.
Trachea, in man, II. 821—in brutes
III. 28—mucus of, VI. 497—its in
fluence on the voice, XVII. 683—sur
gical treatment of diseases of, XX
843—its diseases in the domestic ani
tnals, XXI. 629.
Traehelides, insects, IX. 167.
Traehelium, in architecture. III. 471.
Tracheotomy in the domestic animals,
XXI. 630.
Trachichtys, fishes, XII. 170.
TRA
Trachinotus, fish, XII. 186.
Trachinus, fish, XII. 176.
Trachyderes, insects, IX. 178.
Trachynotus, insect, IX. 163.
Trachys, insect, IX. 139.
Traction, line of, XIV. 441.
Tractor, Perkins’s metallic, XIV. 4.
Trade, errors respecting balance of,
IX. 447—profits of trade with colo¬
nies, VII. 118. See Commerce, Poli¬
tical Economy.
Trades, their influence on the health of
operatives, XIV. 509.
Trade-winds, XIV. 746 ; XVII. 539.
Tradition, XXI. 343.
Traeth Bach, V. 772.
Traeth Mawr, V. 772.
Trafalgar, Spanish cape, XXI. 343—
battle of, V. 519; VII. 85; XVI.90.
Tragedy, XXI. 343—Greek, VIII. 148
—Roman, 151—French, 159—Aris¬
totle on, III. 518 ; XV. 446—chorus
of ancient, VI. 619.
Traghan, IX. 532.
Tragi-Comedy, XXI. 343—French no¬
tions of, VIII. 163.
Tragocerus, insect, IX. 179.
Tragopa, insect, IX. 204.
Tragopan, bird, XVI. 610.
Traill (Dr), on the specific gravity of
sea-water, XVII. 519—his register ba¬
rometer and thermometer, 530—his
anemoscope, 538.
Training, VIII. 24—of fruit-trees, XI.
637.
Traitor’s Island, XXI. 343.
Trajan, XIX. 407; XI. 479—his war
with the Parthians, XVII. 105—his
pillar, XIX. 427.
Trajanus Decius, reign of, XIX. 411.
Trajectories, orthogonal and reciprocal,
XIV. 322.
Tralee, XXI. 343; XII. 705.
Trallianus (Alex.), XXI. 343.
Tramore, Irish town, XXI. 343.
Tranent, Scotch village, XXI. 344.
Thani, Italian city, XXI. 344.
Tranquebar, XXI. 344 ; VII. 728.
Transcendental, XXI. 344—transcen¬
dental philosophy of Kant, XII. 677.
Transcribers of books before the inven¬
tion of nrinting, IV. 622—Egyptian,
VIII. 529.
Transfusion of blood, XXI. 344.
Transient notes. See Music.
Transit of planets over the sun’s disc,
IV. 24.
Transit Instrument, IV. 104.
Transition. See Music.
Transition rocks, XV. 193.
Transitive, XXI. 344.
Translation, XXI. 344—lack of good
English translations of the classics,
III. 263—poetical, VII. 718—no per¬
fect translation of any Greek author,
XVII. 408.
Transmigration, XXI. 344—of souls,
ib.; III. 295 ; XI. 401.
Transmutation, XXI. 344.
Transom, in architecture. III. 471—in
ship-building, XXI. 345 ; XX. 282.
Transparency, XXI. 345 ; XIII. 3311
XVI. 378—of minerals, XV. 131.
Transpiration in plants. III. 56, 68.
Transportation, punishment of, VII.
116; XVIII. 733.
Transposition, XXI. 345.
Transubstantiation, XXI. 345; XX.
814—Gibbon’s argument against the
doctrine of, I. 154.
Transverse, XXI. 345.
Transylvania, in Austria, XXI. 345;
IV. 225—collection of gold in, V. 9—
its alliance with Sweden, XXI. 20.
Trant (Captain), on the Turkish army,
III. 613, n. 1.
Trap-rocks, XVII. 510—absorbent pro¬
perty of, VII, 66.
Trapani, XXI. 346; XV. 703.
Trapelus, reptile, XIX. 143.
Trapezium, XXI. 346—how to find its
area, XIV. 567.
Trapezoid, X. 433.
154
INDEX,
TRA—TRI
Teas los Montes, XXI. 346.
Trasimeno, lake, XVII. 5.
Trass, XIV. 289.
Trau, in Dalmatia, XXI. 346.
Travalla, in Celebes, XXI. 346.
Travancore, XXI. 346.
Traverse, XXI. 347—Board, ib.
Traverses, in fortification, IX. 773.
Travesty, XXI. 347.
Treacherocs Bay, XXI. 347-
Tread, in veterinary science, X'XI. 620.
Tread-mill, XIV. 430 — its eifect on
health, 513.
Treason, XXI. 347—High, ib.—Petty,
ib.—punishment of, V. 435.
Treasure, XXI. 347.
Treasure-Trove, XXI. 347.
Treasurer, XXI. 347—of the House¬
hold, ib.—of the Navy, ib.
Treasury, XXI. 348—in London, XIII.
543—Lords of the, XXI. 348.
 Islands, XXI. 348.
Treaty, XXI. 348—whether all treaties
are annulled by war, V. 509.
Trebia, battle of, VI. 197.
Trebisond, XXI. 348 ; IV. 661.
Treble. See Music.
Trecento, a style ofarchitecture, III.424.
Tredgold (Thomas), XXL 348—on the
strength of ropes, XIX. 459—his for¬
mula representing law of the relation
between temperature and force of
steam, XX. 595—his erroneous esti¬
mate of the effect of the crank in
steam-engines, 667.
Trees injurious in fences, II. 27 3—course
and motion of sap in, III. 50, 157—
bark of, 63 ; XXL 576—skin of, III.
65—structure of their trunks, 82 ;
branches, 85; roots, 87—fall of leaves
of, VII. 672—instrument for measur¬
ing, 718—nursery culture of, XVII.
791—age of, XXI. 588—fruit-trees,
XI. 636. See Planting, Timber, Ve¬
getable Physiology, Wood.
Tree-serpents, XX. 140.
Treenails, oak, strength of, XX. 297.
Treffer (Florian), on the classification of
books, IV. 631.
Trefoil, its seeds used as a dye-stuff,
VIII. 321.
——, in architecture, III. 471.
Tregaskis (Mr), on the temperature and
force of steam, XX. 595.
Tregoney, in Cornwall, XXL 348.
Tremadoc, in Wales, VIII. 67.7, 680.
Treman, Hindu town, XXI. 348.
Tremandreae, in botany, V. 98.
Trematoda, zoophytes, XXI. 996.
Tremolite, XV. 154—sp. gr. of, XII. 37.
Trenches, XXL 348.
Trent, Austrian city, XXI. 348—Coun¬
cil of, ib.; I. 421 ; XIX. 91, 93.
 , English river, XXI. 349 ; VIII.
760 ; XVI. 283 ; XX. 558—its navi¬
gation, XVI. 20—Trent and Mersey
Canal, ib.
Trenton, in New Jersey, XII. 543.
Trepang, XXL 1002.
Treschow, VII. 731.
Tressure, XXI. 349; XI. 251.
Trestle Trees, XXI. 349.
Tret, in commerce, XXI. 349.
Trevannion’s Island, XXI. 349.
Trevelyan (W. C.), on the aurora bo¬
realis, VIII. 623.
Trevennen’s Island, XXI. 349.
Treves, XXI. 349—coins of, XV. 408.
Treviglio, in Italy, XXL 349.
Treviso, in Lombardy, XXI. 349.
Trevou, in France, XXI. 349.
Trezedellas, XIV. 24 1
Triacanthus, fish, XII. 229.
Triad, in music, XXL 349.
Triaenophorus, zoophyte, XXI. 996.
Trial, XXI. 349—by the wager of bat¬
tle, IV. 451; VIII. 252. See Ordeal.
Triangle, XXI. 349; X. 432, et seq.—
to find its area, XIV. 566.
Triarius defeated by the Romans undei
Lucullus, XVIII. 356.
Tribe, XXI. 349.
Tuiboli, in Asia Minor, XXI. 319.
TBI
Tribonian, one of the compilers of Jus¬
tinian’s Code, VI. 716.
Tribrachys, in poetry, XXI. 349.
Tribunal, XXI. 349.
Tribune, XXI. 349.
Tributary, XXL 349.
Tribute, XXI. 349 —derivation of,
from colonies, VII. 117.
Trichechus, in zoology, XIV. 125.
Trichiasis in animals, XXI. 635.
Trichides, insects, IX. 161.
Trichinopoly, XXI. 349.
Trichiurus, fish, XII. 183.
 electricus, VIII. 614.
Trichius, insect, IX. 161.
Trichocera, insects, IX. 262.
Trichoda, animalcules, III. 189.
Trichodon, fish, XII. 170.
Triehoglossus, bird, XVI. 601.
Trichonotus, fish, XII. 194.
Trichophorus, bird, XVI. 572.
Trichoptera, insects, IX. 214.
Trichopus, fish, XII. 190.
Trichosoma, zoophyte, XXI. 998.
Triclasite, specific gravity of, XII. 37.
Tricocephalus, zoophyte, XXI. 998.
Tricolor, Hindu town, XXI. 350.
Tridacna, mollusca, XV. 342.
Tridactylus, insect, IX. 192.
Trident, XXL 350.
Triennial, XXI. 350.
Triens, copper coin, XXI. 350.
Trier, XXI. 349—coins of, XV. 408.
Trieste, XXI. 350—trade of, IV 231.
Triewald’s diving-bell, VIII. 66.
Trigla, fish, XII. 173-fins of, III. 17.
Triglyphs, XXI. 350 ; III. 471.
Trigon, fish, XII. 235.
Trigona, Crustacea, VII. 501.
Trigones, insects, IX. 237.
Trigonia, mollusca, XV. 343.
Trigonoeephalus, serpent, XX. 150,134.
Trigonometrical Survey, XXI. 351.
Trigonometry, XXI. 370—plane, 372
—spherical, 377—introduction of, I.
435—improvement made in, during
the last century, 585—characters of
abbreviations in, VI. 323.
Trill, or Shake, in music, XXI. 386.
Trilobites, VII. 503.
Trim, Irish town, XXI. 386 ; XIV. 348.
Trimapoor, XXI. 386.
Trimbuck, XXI. 386.
Trimera, insects, IX. 185.
Trimmers, in carpentry, V. 685.
Trincomalee, XXI. 386; VI. 299, 303.
Trineurse, insects, IX. 292.
Tring, in Hertfordshire, XXI. 386.
Tringa, bird, XVI. 623.
Tringang, Malay town, XXI. 386.
Trinidad, West India island, XXI. 386
—pitch-lake in, XVI. 49.
Trinitarians, XXI. 387.
Trinity, XXI. 387 ; VI. 622 ; XII. 564 ;
XXI. 205—punishment of denial of
the, IV. 675—Dr Samuel Clarke on
the, VI. 730.
 , Oxford term, XXL 498.
 Bay, XXI. 387.
 House, in London, XIII. 504—
lighthouses of, XX. 28.
 Island, XXL 387.
 Sunday, XXL 387.
Trino, Italian city, XXI. 387.
Trinobantes, XXI. 387.
Trinomalee, Hindu town, XXL 387.
Trio, or Terzetto, in music, XXI. 387.
Triodon, fish, XII. 229.
Trionyx, reptile, XIX. 132.
Tripatoor, Hindu town, XXI. 387.
Tripetty, Hindu town, XXI. 387.
Triphthong, XXI. 387.
Triphyllus, insect, IX. 176.
Triplax, insect, IX. 185.
Triplet microscope, XV. 36.
Tripod, XXL 387.
Tripodes in ancient Athens, IV. 119.
Tripoli, in Barbary, XXI. 387 ; II. 235;
IV. 360—weights and measures of,
XXI. 856.
———, in Syria, XXI. 387.
Tripolizza, Greek town, XXI. 387—
sacking of, in 1821, X. 746.
TRI—TRO
Tripontary, Hindu town, XXI. 387.
Tripossoor, Hindu town, XXI. 387.
Triptolemus, three laws of, XV. 672.
Triremis, XXI. 387.
Trisection of angle, III. 129.
Trismegistus, XXI. 388. See Hermes.
Trissino, his tragedy of Sophonisba,
VIII. 157.
Tristan (General), IV. 756.
Tristernagh, XXI. 863.
Tristoma, zoophyte, XXI. 997.
Trisyllable, XXI. 388.
Tritany, Hindu town, XXI. 388.
Tritoma, insect, IX. 185.
Triton, XXI. 388—reptile, XIX. 160.
Tritone, in music, XXL 388.
Tritonia, mollusca, XV. 360.
Trituration, XXI. 388.
Triumph, XXI. 388.
Triumvir, XXI. 388 — first Roman
triumvirate, XIX. 396—second, 398.
Trivady, Indian town, XXI. 388.
Trivalenoor, XXI. 388.
Trivandapatam, XXI. 388.
Trivatoor, Hindu town, XXI. 388.
Trivicary, Hindu village, XXI. 388.
Trividy, Hindu town, XXI. 388.
Trixa, insect, IX. 282.
Troas, in Phrygia, XXI. 388.
Trobriand Islands, XXI. 388.
Troch^us, in prosody, XXI. 388.
Trochanters, II. 789.
Trochetia, worm, XI. 226.
Trochilus, bird, XVI. 589.
Trochus, in conchology, XV. 347.
Troctou, island, XXI. 388.
Troglodytes, a people of Ethiopia,
XXL 388 ; II. 226, 231 ; IX. 377.
 , mammalia, XIV. 89.
 .birds, XVI. 576.
Trogon, bird, XVI. 599.
Trogositse, insects, IX. 177.
Trogulus, arachnides, III. 367.
Trogus Pompeius, XXI. 388.
Troitsk, Russian town, XXI. 388.
Troitsko Sauskaia, XXI. 388.
Trollhatten, XXI. 388.
Trolling, a mode of fishing, III. 144.
Trombidium, arachnides, III. 367.
Trombone, XV. 617.
Tromler on Coptic, XL 315.
Tromp (M. H. Van), Dutch admiral,
XXI. 389 ; XL 522, et seq.
Tron (St), in Limburg, XXI. 389.
Tron weight, XXI. 851.
Tronage, XXI. 389.
Tronchet, X. 74.
Troolie, large leaves of the, IV. 579, n.;
VII. 707.
Troon, XXL 389—harbour of, IV. 260.
Troop-horse, XI. 593.
Tropaaoleae, in botany, V. 104.
Tropes, in rhetoric, XIX. 214.
 (St), XIX. 615.
Trophonius, cave of, XXI. 389—oracle
of, XVI. 516.
Trophosperms, in botany, V. 50.
Trophy, XXI. 389.
Tropics, III. 764 ; X. 406.
Tropic-bird, XVI. 635.
Tropidia, insect, IX. 275.
Tropidonotus, serpent, XX. 141,
TROPPAU.in Moravia, XXI. 389—con¬
gress at, V. 552.
Trosachs, in Perthshire, XXI. 389.
Trotter (Mr), charges against, as pay¬
master of the navy, V. 520, 521.
Trotting of horses, XI. 591, 610.
Troubadours, XXI. 389, 545, n. 1.
Troubles in collieries, VII. 72.
Trough-battery, galvanic, XXI. 666.
Trough ton (Mr), his optical instru¬
ments, III. 748—transit instruments,
IV. 104, 105—mural circle, 107—
azimuth and altitude circles, 109—
wire-micrometer, XV. 11—mercurial
pendulum, XVII. 214.
Trous-de-loup, IX.786.
Trout, XII. 206—bull, sea, white, and
salmon, ib.—common, 207.
Trout-fishing, HI. 138, 142.
TrouvSres, literature of the, XVIII. 157,
164.
TRO—TUL
Trouveurs, VII. 496.
Trover, in law, XXI. 389.
Trowbridge, in Wilts, XXI. 389.
Trowels, XX. 711-12.
Trowert Island, XXL 389.
Trox, insect, IX. 155.
Troy, XXI. 389—Bryant’s work on, V.
619—position of, XII. 246.
Troy Weight, XXI. 390 ; III. 544—
origin of the name, XXI. 849—table
of, 850—Scottish, 390.
Troyes, XXI. 390—cotton-manufacture
of, VII. 417—population of, XV. 533.
Trudaine’s burning-lens, V. 738.
Trumpet, XXI 390 ; XV. 616—articu¬
late trumpet, XXI. 390 ; II. 118—
ear-trumpet, ib.; XXL 398.
 (Marine), XXI. 399.
Trumpet-fish, XII. 197.
Truncatipennes, insects, IX. 115.
Truncheon, XXI. 399.
Trundle, XXI. 400.
Trunk, in botany, XXI. 400; III. 81.
Trunk of the elephant, III. 27; XIV.
146 ; XVII. 706.
Trunk-fish, XII. 229.
Trunnions, XXI. 400.
Truro, town in Cornwall, XXI. 400.
Truss of hay, &c., XXI. 400—in car¬
pentry, V. 685—trusses of a ship,
XX. 292.
Trustees, Scottish Board of, VIII. 420.
Trusts, English law of, IX. 28.
Truth, XXI. 400 ; XIV. 637—remarks
on the progress of, 1.120—Dr Beattie
on, IV. 477—propensity to speak
XIV. 641—regard for, XV. 476.
Truxalis, insect, IX. 193.
Truxillo, in Honduras, XI. 18.
Tryon, in St John’s, XII. 591.
Trypeta, insect, IX. 286.
Tryphiodorus, poet, XXI. 400.
Tryphon, insect, IX. 222.
Trypoxylon, insect, IX. 230.
Tsabaians, XVIII. 332.
Tsad, lake. See Tchad.
Tscherikow’s Island, XXI. 400.
Tscherkask, VII. 383.
Tschernigow, XXI. 400.
Tschirnhausen, his burning-glass, V
726, 737—on curves, XIV. 320.
Tshudish language, XIII.89,113;II.619.
Tsiompa, in eastern Asia, XXI. 400.
Tsong-Ming, island, XXI. 400.
Tuak, island, XXL 401.
Tuam, Irish town, XXI. 401.
Tuaricks, IX. 376.
Tuba, Russian river, XXL 401.
Tubercles, XXI. 401.
Tubicenus, insect, IX. 172.
Tubicinella, mollusca, XV. 340.
Tubicohe, worms, XI. 218.
Tubingen, in Wirtemberg, XXI. 401—
Academy of History at, II. 75.
Tucker (Abraham), Dr Paley’s opinion
of his writings, I. 114—character of
his mind, 370—somewhat resembled
Montaigne, 371—works of, ib., 372.
Tuckehs, XXI. 84.
Tuckey (Captain), his African expedi¬
tion, II. 234 ; VII. 214.
Tucopia, island, XXI. 4 01.
Tucuman, XXI. 401 ; XVIII. 8,
Tudela, Spanish town, XXL 401.
Tudura, Hindu village, XXI. 401.
Tuesday, origin of the word, XVIII, 337.
Tufa, calcareous, V. 787.
Tuffa, in Iceland, XII. 148.
Tuilleries, palace of the, XVII. 75,
Tuki (Raphael), XI. 314.
Tula, in Russia, XXI. 401.
Tulaxodes, mollusca, XV. 345.
Tulgom, XXL 401.
Tulips, V. 135—extraordinary price of,
II. 388—bulb of, III. 90—culture of,
XL 682—tulip-mania, IV. 375.
Tulip-tree, XVII. 786.
Tulipete, in botany, V. 135.
Tull (Jethro), XXI. 401—on husband¬
ry, II. 259 ; VIII. 764.
 (Samuel), his mode of eastrat¬
ing fishes, IX. 725.
Tullamoi-e, Irish town, XII. 728.
INDEX
155
TUL—TUR
Tuile, in France, XXI. 401.
Tullia, daughter of Cicero, VI. 693.
Tullus Hostilius, XIX. 363, 378.
Tulwitndy, Hindu town, XXI. 401.
Tumbelan Islands, XXI. 401.
Tumbkell, XXI. 402.
Tumcubc, Hindu town, XXI. 402.
Tumene, in Russia, XXI. 402.
Tumeric, yellow dye-stuff, VIII. 321.
Tumlook, in Bengal, XXI. 402.
Tummel, Scotch river, XVII. 290.
Tumours, surgical treatment of, XX.
844.
Tun, XXI. 402.
Tunbridge, XXI. 402—Wells, ib.
Tune, in music, XXI. 402—-phrenolo¬
gical faculty so named, XVII. 464.
Tungaragua, eruption of, XVII. 514.
Tungsten, in chemistry, VI. 390—in
mineralogy, XV. 143—specific gra¬
vity of, XII. 37.
Tungstic acid, VI. 390—salts of, 454.
Tunguses, XXI. 402; XX. 327.
Tungusian language, XIII. 91.
Tunguska, rivers, XXI. 402.
Tunica, XXI. 402.
Tuning-Fork, XXI. 402.
Tuning-Hammer, XXI. 402.
Tunis, XXI. 402; II. 235, 510; IV.
360 ; VI. 191—manufactures of, IV.
365—slavery in, 366—Blake’s attack
on, 673—weights and measures of,
XXI. 856.
Tunnels, XXI. 403—blasting of, IV.
676—Brindley’s, V. 289—construc¬
tion of, XVI. 29—for railways, XIX.
45—Thames tunnel, XIII. 512.
Tunny, XII. 182—fishery, XV. 703.
Tunquin, or Tonquin, XXI. 408.
Tupac Amaru, insurrection of, in Peru,
IV. 755.
Tupaia, in zoology, XIV. 103.
Tupia, VII. 296.
Tupinoquins, V. 189.
Tuppel, Hindu town, XXI. 409.
Tuptee, Hindu river, XXI. 409.
Tuba, in Russia, XXI. 409.
Turbah, Hindu town, XXI. 409.
Turban, head-dress, XXI. 409.
Turbeth, specific gravity of, XII. 37.
Turbinated hones of man, II. 777.
Turbinellus, in conchology, XV. 346.
Turbo, in conchology, XV. 347, 373.
Turbot, XII. 220—fishery, IX. 600.
Turc,e, or Turci, XXI. 409.
Turcomans, XXI. 409, 83, 419-20—of
Bukhara, V. 697.
Turf, transplanting of, II. 312.
Turgot (A. R. J.), XXI. 410; X. 38;
XVIII. 270—meaning attached by,
to the word physics, I. 9—on M. de
Gournay, VIII. 398.
Turguet (Theodore), VI. 34 7.
Turin, XXI. 410—Royal Academy of,
II. 69—Academy of Painting at, 74-
discovery of part of the Theodosian
Code at, VI. 715—Prince Eugene’s
victory at, IX. 395—libraries of,
XIII. 311.
Turinsk, in Russia, XXI. 411.
Turivicary, Hindu town, XXI. 411.
Turkey, XXI. 411—army of, III. 612
—war with Austria, IV. 220, 224—
war with Britain in 1806, V. 524—
late war with the Greeks, 572 ; X.
743, etseq.—war with France in 1799,
VIII. 490—mountains of, IX. 407—-
French trade with, X. 190—janiza¬
ries in, XII. 508—libraries, XIII.
317—variation of the needle, 734,
736—coins, XV. 408, 412—news¬
papers, XVI. 173—the plague, 772-
religion, XIX. 316—wars with Rus¬
sia, 540, etseq.; V. 459; XX. 24, et
seq,—Charles XII.’s retreat to, 23—
insurrections in Syria, 64—conquest
of Syria by Mehemmed Ali, ib.; VIII.
504—weights and measures, XXI.
856—map of Turkey in Europe, PI.
496 ; and of Turkey in Asia, PI. 497.
See Turks.
  , bird, XVI. 606.
 Company, VII. 182 ; XXI. 427.
TUR—TWE
Turkey-blue, dyeing of, VIII. 327.
Turkey-buzzard, XVI. 559.
Turkey-red, dyeing of, VIII. 316.
Turki, Hindu town, XXI. 428.
Turkin, Russian town, XXI. 428.
Turkmans in Syria, XXI. 63.
Turkomans. See Turcomans.
Turks, African,II. 225—Egyptian, VIII.
521—Asiatic and European, XXI.
419—their conquest of Algiers, II.
504—allegiance to, thrown off by the
Algerines, 507—origin of their hati’ed
towards the Persians, III. 342—their
conquests in Arabia, 343-5; and in
other parts of Asia, 687—are en¬
camped rather than settled in Europe,
IV. 128, n.—siege of Athens by, 129
—their months, VI. 662—their in¬
vasions of the Eastern Empire, VII.
283, et seq.—their first appearance in
E urope, 28 8—Constantinople taken by,
290 ; XXI. 412—invasionandconquest
of Egypt by, VIII. 479, 484—geome¬
try of, X. 428—in Greece, 737—their
polity there, 733 — their language,
XIII. 91—their attack on Malta,
XIV. 60—conquest of Palestine by,
XVI. 759. See Turkey.
Turmeric, colouring matter of, VI. 485.
Turn-again, XXI. 428.
Turnbull’s account of the New Hol¬
landers, IV. 208.
Turner (Sir James), V. 349.
  (Sharon), his character of Ri¬
chard I., VIII. 719—on the reign of
Edward the Third, 728.
 (Dr), on gas-burners, X. 357.
Turner’s account of Bootan, IV. 792.
Turneracese, in botany, V. 111.
Turnhout, city in Brabant, XXI. 428—
battle of, XVI. 114.
Turning, art of, XXI. 428—elliptic,
VIII. 672.
Turnips, when first given to sheep in
England, II. 259—Tull on the cul¬
ture of, 260—Swedish, 263—culture
and varieties of, 286; XI. 670—dis¬
eases of, II. 288—machine for sow¬
ing, 350—protection of, from the fly,
XII. 294 ; XXI. 602.
Turnip-slicer, II. 269.
Turnip-soils, rotation of crops on, II.
298.
Turnpike weighing-machine, XXI. 836.
Turnstone, bird, XVI. 624.
Turon Bay, in Cochin-China, XXI.
431; VII. 13.
Turpentine, XXI. 431—specific gra¬
vity of, XII. 37—oil of, useful in de¬
stroying insects, XII. 294.
Turpin (Monsieur), on the umbilicus of
seeds, III. 72.
Turquois, in mineralogy, XV. 154—spe¬
cific gravity of, XII. 37 — Persian
mines of, XVII. 243.
Turret, in architecture, III. 471.
Turriff, in Aberdeenshire, XXI. 431.
Turrilites, mollusca, XV. 345.
Turritella, mollusca, XV. 347.
Tursheez, Persian city, XXI. 431.
Turtle Island, XXI. 431.
Turtle-dove, XVI. 613—its insensibility
to pain, III. 165.
Turtles, XIX. 151—used for food, IX.
724—structure of, XVII. 713.
Turuchansk, XXI. 431.
Tuscan order of architecture, III. 425
—modern Italian, 451.
 school of painting, XVI. 708.
Tuscans, IX. 383.
Tuscany, XXI. 431 — French trade
with, X. 190—coins of, XV. 408, 412
—weights and measures of, XXI. 856.
Tusks, HI. 33. See Elephant, &c.
Tusser on agriculture, II. 256.
Tuticorin, Hindu town, XXI. 432.
Tutor, in law, XXI. 433.
Tutors at Oxford, XXI. 496, 498.
Tuzla, Turkish town, XXI. 433.
Tweed, river, XXI. 433 ; XVI. 254 ;
XIX. 511, 747—salmon-fishery of the,
IV. 598.
Tweeddale, XVII. 169.
TWE—TYT
Twelfth-Day, XXI. 433.
Twenty-Four Pergunnahs, XXI. 433.
Twenty-Four Rajahs, XXI. 433.
Twenty-Two Rajahs, XXI. 433.
Twer, Russian city, XXI. 433.
Twickenham, XXI. 433.
Twilight, XXI. 433; III. 763—how to
find the length of, IV. 65.
Twilled cloth, XXI. 827.
Twinkling of the stars, III. 763.
Twins, weight of, II. 7 58.
 , islands, XXI. 433.
Twiss on codification, XIII. 193.
Twisting, strain produced by, XX. 777.
Two Brothers, islands, XXI. 433.
Two Headed Point, XXI. 433.
Two Hills, island, XXI. 434.
Two Sisters, islands, XXI. 434.
Twyte, bird, XVI. 581.
Tycho Brahe, V. 174—his astronomi¬
cal discoveries, I. 485, et seq.; III.
738, 762 ; IV. 46—his planetary sys¬
tem, 16 — believed in astrology, I.
488—on the cometary orbits, VII. 137.
Tygers’ Islands, XXI. 434.
Tylei (Wat), insurrection of, VIII. 729.
Tylode, insect, IX. 174.
Tympanum of the ear, II. 801; XVII.
665—bones of, II. 801—comparative
anatomy of, III. 25.
 , in architecture. III. 471.
Tyndale (W.), XXI. 434—his transla¬
tion of the Bible, IV. 618.
Tyndaridae, VI. 231.
Tyne, Scotch river, XI. 103.
 , English river, XVI. 151, 254—
navigation of, 21.
Tynemouth, English town, XXI. 434.
Type, XXI. 434.
Types for printing, XXI. 434—charac¬
ter of those used by the early printers,
XVIII. 545—improvements of Basker-
ville on, 554.
Type-Founding, XXI. 434—Caslon’s
improvements in, VI. 215—in Glas¬
gow, X. 553—origin of, XVIII. 545.
Typhacese, in botany, V. 136.
Typhlops, serpent, XX. 123.
Typhon, in meteorology, XVII. 541.
 , an Egyptian deity, VIII. 552—
Bryant on, VII. 694.
Typography, IV. 623—early, 624. See
Printing.
Tyrannic, III. 494.
Tyrannus, bird, XVI. 569.
Tyrant, XXI. 4 37—the Thirty Tyrants
of Athens, IV. 160.
Tyrconnel (Lord), V. 362.
Tyre, XXI. 437 ; X. 396 ; XVII. 451-
era, of, VI. 660—commerce of, VII.
155, 156—dyeing in, VIII. 295—be¬
sieged by Saladin, 482—destroyed by
Alexander, XIII. 632—mysteries of
Osiris at, XV. 664—navigation of, 745
human sacrifices at, XIX. 606.
Tyrers’ scapement, VI. 793.
Tyrhoot, in Hindustan, XXI. 438.
Tyrie (David), treason of, V. 425.
Tyrinthus, near Mycenae, Cyclopaean
structures at, III. 414.
Tyrnau, Hungarian city, XXI. 438.
Tyrol, XXI. 438 ; IV. 227—heights of
mountains of, XVII. 506.
Tyrone, Irish county, XXI. 438—Col¬
liery Canal, XVI. 23.
 (Earl of), his rebellions in Ire¬
land, XII. 363-5.
Tyrrell (Mr), his work on Cumberland’s
Law of Nature, VII. 539.
Tyrrhenians, IX. 383.
Tyrtjeus, Greek poet, XXI. 441.
Tyrwhitt (Thomas), XXI. 442.
Tyson (Edward), his researches in com¬
parative anatomy, II. 700.
Tytler (William), XXI. 443.
 ( Alex. F.), Lord Woodhouselee,
XXI. 443—on Ramsay’s Monk and
the Miller’s Wife, VIII. 274—on vitri¬
fied forts, IX. 757, 759—on Transla¬
tion, XXI. 344.
    (P. F.), on the supposed escape
of Richard II. to Scotland, VIII. 731,
n.—his exposure of Hume, XI. 498.
TZE—UMM
Tzetzes (John), his tale about Belisari-
us, IV. 545—on the burning-glasses
of Archimedes, V. 728.
Tzulim, Russian river, XXI. 444.
u
U, letter of the alphabet, XXI. 445.
Ubaldi (Guido), on mechanics, XIV.
350; I. 474—on perspective, XVII.
273—on statics, XX. 564.
Ubeda, Spanish city, XXL 445.
Uses (St), in Portugal, XX. 160.
Ubiqoitarians, XXI. 445.
Ubiquity of God, XXL 445.
Ubrique, Spanish city, XXI. 445.
Uccelli on ornithology, XVI. 548.
Uckfield, in Sussex, XXI. 445.
Udal lands, IX. 524, n. 4—in Norway,
XVI. 267.
Udder (cow’s), enlarged by constant
milking, II. 653—treatment of inflam¬
mation of, XXI. 629.
Udine, Austrian city, XXI. 445.
Udipu, Hindu town, XXI. 445.
Uffculme, in Devonshire, XXL 445.
Ugliness, VII. 673. See Deformity.
Uglitsch, in Russia, XXI. 445.
Ugocsa, in Hungary, XXI. 445.
Uhland, German poet, XVIII. 168.
Uist (South and North), XXI. 446.
Uj-Videk, Austrian city, XXI. 446.
Ukenskoi, Russian town, XXI. 446.
Ukikitshca, river, XXI. 446.
Ukinskoi, Russian cape, XXL 446.
Ukipen, island, XXI. 446.
Ukraine, XXI. 446.
Ulcers, surgical treatment of, XX. 838.
Uleaborg, in the Russian province of
Finland, XXL 446 ; IV. 330.
Uleoiota, insect, IX. 177.
Uley, in Gloucestershire, XXI. 446.
Ulidea, insect, IX. 287.
Ulietea,island, XXI. 446; XVIII. 324.
Ullapool, Scotch village, XXI. 446.
Ulloa (Don Antonio de), IX. 548—his
secret report to the Spanish govern¬
ment, IV. 754.
Ullswater, English lake, VII. 537—trout
of, III. 143, note.
Ulm, XXI. 446—battle of, V. 520—sur¬
render of, to the French, X. 137.
Ulmese, in botany, V. 129.
Ulmic acid, VI. 429.
Ulna, in man. II. 787—in the mamma¬
lia, III. 8 ; birds, 13; reptiles, 15.
Uloborus, genus of arachnides, III. 361.
Ulocerus, insect, IX. 172.
Ulphilas, XVII. 418—Gothic alphabet
of, II. 549—Gothic Bible of, IV. 616,
617 ; XIX. 790—his version of the
Gospels, X. 621; of the Epistle to the
Romans, XVI. 764, 766.
Ulrica Eleonora, XXL 26.
Ulster, Irish province, XXL 447 —
colonization of, by English and Scotch
settlers, V. 307 ; XII. 366—massacre
of the English in, V. 320.
Ulterior, in geography, XXI. 447.
Ultramarine, a colour, XXI. 447.
 , specific gravity of, XII. 37.
Ultramontane, XXI. 447.
Ulugh-Beigh, XXI. 447—astronomy
cultivated by. III. 735.
Ulula, bird, XVI. 566.
Ulverstone, in Lancashire, XXI. 447
— ship-canal, XVI. 21.
Ulysses, XXL 447; XII. 341, 345—
character of, XVIII. 150.
Uman, in Russia, XXI. 447.
Umbelliferous Plants, XXL 447 ; V.
114.
Umbilical cord, II. 827 ; XVII. 694—
of plants, III. 72.
 arteries and vein, II. 827.
Umbilicus, in botany, III, 72; V. 50.
Umbra, in astronomy, IV. 7.
Umbrella, XXI. 447.
Umbrina, fish, XII. 176.
Ummerapoor, XXL 447.
156
INDEX
UMN—UNI
Umnabad, Hindu town, XXI. 448.
CJmbut, Hindu town, XXI. 448.
Unalashka, island, II. 404.
Unau, in zoology, XIV. 14 2—its stomach,
III. 35—intestines, 37.
Unbiak, island, XXI. 448.
Uncia, XXI. 448.
Unction, XXI. 448.
Undecagon, XXI. 448.
Undecem-vir, XXI. 448.
Undershot water-wheels, description of,
XII. 87 ; XXI. 807.
Understanding, human, XII. 319 ; XIV.
601—-Aristotle on, III. 507—plea¬
sures of, XV. 468.
Undes, in Hindustan, XXI. 448.
Undulation, XXI. 448—of air, XVIII.
117. See Acoustics, Waves.
Ungreas, XI. 32.
Unguiculata, II. 708.
Ungulata, II. 708.
Ungulina, mollusca, XV. 342.
Uniaeke (Mr), his views on codification,
XIII. 193.
Unicorn, XXI. 448—-sea, XIV. 181.
Unieh, in Asia Minor, XXI. 448.
Unigenitus, bull so called, X. 35.
Unio, in conchology, XV. 341.
Union, XXI. 448.
 of England and Scotland, XXI.
448; V. 302, 370 ; VlII. 414—at¬
tempt to dissolve it, V. 373 — Defoe’s
mission to Edinburgh respecting it,
VII. 670.
 of Britain and Ireland propo sed
V. 4 8 7-effected, 493.
 Canals, XVI. 12, et seq.
Unioridse, mollusca, XV. 367.
Unitarians, or Sociuians, XXI. 449 ;
XII. 564 ; XX. 435—their opinion of
the Holy Spirit, XXI. 233.
United Brethren, XXI. 449 ; XV.
490. See Moravians.
United Provinces. See Holland, Nether¬
lands.
United States of North America,
XXI. 540 ; II. 646—literature of, I.
203—American Academy of Sciences,
II. 72—climate of, 613—Indian popu¬
lation, 617,631; VIII. 687—previous
to Declaration of Independence, II.
637—natural bridge in Virginia, III.
118—army, 616—barrows, IV. 409—
Indian Bibles, 618—War of Independ¬
ence, V. 390, 397, et seq.; XI. 484—
war with Britain in 1812, V. 536 ; VI
69—badeffectsof themercantile policy
of Britain towards, V.538—trade with.
Buenos Ayres, 650 Canton, VI. 103 ;
Chili, 534 ; Britain, VII. 161 ; VIII.
779 ; France, X. 187, 189—Chalmers’s
Political Annals of the, VI. 303—
commercial policy of, VII. 172—corn-
trade, 364—cotton-wool, 405—cotton-
manufacture and its prospects, 421,
414—emigration to, VIII. 686; XVIII.
408— hardware-manufacture of, VIII.
776—exports and imports, IX. 446—
fisheries, 605—conduct of France to¬
wards, X. 38—rate of interest in, XII.
327—Jews, 583—codification, XIII.
187, 195—libraries, 317—coins, XV.
408, 412 —population, 518, 521;
XVIII. 408—canals, XVI. 23, 37—
navigable rivers, 27 —newspapers, 17 3;
XVII. 223—birds, XVI. 553, et seq.—
swamps, 596—banking, XVII. 46—
heights of mountains, 505 — post-
office, XVIII. 496 — penitentiaries,
583, 587—penal law, 737—railways,
XIX. 16—popery, 316—lighthouses,
XX. 30—hot-blast iron-smelting, 408,
409— anthracite, ib.—experiments on
the force of high pressure steam, 583,
596 ; and on the strength of boiler-
materials, 677, 682—introduction of
steam-navigation by Fulton, 689 —
computation of tonnage of ships,
XXI. 329—colleges, 528—theological
schools, ib.—medical schools, 529 —
weights and measures, 856—map of.
Plates 498 and 499.
United States Bank, XXI. 473, 477.
UNI—URT
Unities in the drama, observance of, by
the French, VIII. 159, 166—their
merit considered, 159—frequently dis¬
regarded by Shakspeare, 163 ; and by
later dramatists, 173.
Universal, XXI. 481.
Universals, in Aristotelian philosophy,
III. 497, 506.
Universe, XXI. 481—opinions of the
Druids about the, VIII. 205.
Universities, XXI. 482—their opposi¬
tion to improvement, VIII. 449 —
—English, 789. See Cambridge, Ox¬
ford, Edinburgh, Glasgow, &c.
Unst, island, XXI. 986.
Unterwalden, XXI. 530.
Upas tree, XII. 529; XVIII. 183—al¬
kali in, VI. 462.
Upeneus, fish, XII. 172.
Upis, insect, IX. 164.
Uppingham, in Rutland, XXI. 530.
Upsala, XXI. 530—library of, XIII.
316—springs of, XVII. 527.
Upton-on-Severn, XXI. 530.
Upupa, bird, XVI. 591.
Ur of the Chaldees, XVII. 359.
Ural mountains, IX. 407 ; XVI. 677;
XIX. 563; XX. 326 —river, XIX.
565—mines, 578, 587.
Urania, a Muse, XXI. 530 ; XV. 603.
 •, Phoenician goddess, XVII. 451.
 ■, insect, IX. 243.
Uranite, XV. 146—sp. gr. of, XII. 37.
Uranium, VI. 388—salts of oxides of,
453, 454—specific gravity of, XII. 37.
Uranium-ore, XV. 162.
Uranoscopus, fish, XII. 171.
Uranus, planet, account of, IV. 34—sa¬
tellites of, ib., 37—variations in its
orbit, 59—-discovery of, III. 747.
 (Nicephorus), VII. 282.
Urbino, in Italy, XXI. 531.
Ure (Dr Andrew), his detonating eudi¬
ometer, VIII. 660—on hot-blast iron¬
smelting, XX. 411—his experiments
on the elastic force of steam, 584—
—his galvanic experiments on a dead
body, XXI. 681—on the fineness of
wools, 921.
Ure river navigation, XVI. 21.
Urea, VI. 500; XVII. 637, 651, 655.
Uredacese, reproductive organs of,V. 58.
Ureters, II. 823.
Urethra, II. 823, 825; XVII. 688—
erectile tissue of, II. 725—surgical
treatment of stricture of, XX. 842.
Urfe (Honore d’), XIX. 334.
Urgunge, in Asia, XXI. 531.
Uri, a canton of Switzerland, XXI. 531
—lake of, 46.
Uria, bird, XVI. 630.
Uric acid, VI. 430.
Urim and Thummim, XXI. 531.
Urinary organs of man, II. 823—of
brutes, III. 40—diseases of, in man,
XVII. 479, 482, 488; in the domestic
animals, XXI. 628. See Calculus.
Lithotomy.
Urine, II. 713, 823; VI. 499; XVII.
655—its use in agriculture, II. 272,
305—mucus of the, VI. 497—diabe¬
tic, 500—in cases of dropsy, 501—
deposits from, ib.—detergent proper¬
ty of, IV. 690, n.—specific gravity of,
XII. 37—voiding of, not an instinct¬
ive act, 502.
Urn, XXI. 531.
Urocerata, insects, IX. 218.
Uromastyx, reptile, XIX. 142.
Uropoda, arachnides, III. 368.
Urquhart (Sir Tho.), his account of the
Admirable Crichton, VII. 468-70—
said to have died in a paroxysm of
laughter, VIII. 212, n. 1.
Urrey (General), defeat of, V. 327.
Ursa, constellations, XXI. 531.
Ursicinus, VII. 276.
Ursinus (B.), on logarithms, XIII. 418.
Ursula, VII. 276.
 -, town in the Azores, IV. 263.
Ursolines, XXI. 531.
Ursus, in zoology, XIV. 105. See Bear.
Urtica, its prickle, III. 70.
URT—VAL
Urticaceae, in botany, V. 129.
Uruguay, river, XV. 431.
Ubumea (Lake), XVI. 677 ; IV. 261.
Urns, in zoology, XIV. 166.
Usance, XXL 531; IX. 454.
Usbecks, IV. 318; XXI. 84—of Buk¬
hara, V. 696.
Use, in law, XXI. 532.
Ushant, island, XXI. 532.
Usher, XXI. 532—of Black Rod, ib.
—  (Archbp.), assisted Walton in
publishing the Polyglott Bible, XXL
731—the Usher Manuscripts at Dub¬
lin, XIII. 304.
Usia, insect, IX. 268.
Usidscha, Turkish city, XXI. 532.
Use, XXI. 532—river, ib.
Usman, in Russia, XXI. 532.
Ustee, Hindu town, XXI. 532.
Ustica, islands, XXI. 532.
Ustjog-Weliki, in Russia, XXI. 532.
Ustjoshna, in Russia, XXI. 532.
Ustsysolsk, in Russia, XXL 532.
Usufruct, XXI. 532.
Usurer, XXI. 532.
Usurpation, XXI. 532.
Usury, XXI. 532—argument of Calvin
respecting, I. 233—Bentham on, 377
—its effect on bills, IX. 458.
Usury-laws, XII. 322—benefitfrom their
abolition, VII. 171—opinion of mer¬
chants on the, 175.
Uterus, II. 826 ; XVII- 689.
Utero-gestation, XVII. 691. See Ges¬
tation, Pregnancy.
Utica, XXI. 533—ruins of, IV. SOS-
taken by the Romans, VI. 203.
Utility, the principle of, proclaimed by
Bentham with the zeal of a discoverer,
I. 379 — fully discussed in Hume’s
works, 429—considered in relation to
morals, I. 382, 4 01; VIII. 400; XVII.
761—distinction between value and,
XVIII. 258. See Ethical Philosophy.
Utrecht, XXI. 533 — political move¬
ments at, in 1784, V. 446.
 (Peace of), V. 372 ; XVI. 121—
provisions relative to Spain, XX. 504.
Utricle, in botany, V. 48.
Utricular substance, III. 57.
Uttoxeter, in Stafford, XXI. 533. '
Uva, Russian lake, XXI. 533.
Uvea in various animals, III. 24.
Uves, Mexican town, XIV. 818.
Uvula, II. 803 ; XVII. 663.
Uxbridge, in Middlesex, XXI. 533.
Uz, or Utz, XXI. 533.
Uzziah, IV. 261.
y
V, letter of the alphabet, XXI. 534.
Vacarius, XXI. 492.
Vaccination, XXI. 534.
Vaccinieie, in botany, V. 118.
Vaeomagi, VI. 2.
Vacs, Hungarian city, XXI. 537.
Vacuum, XXI. 537—ancient opinions
about, IV. 384, 385—passage of elec¬
tric spark through, VIII. 583—na¬
ture’s supposed abiiorrence of, XVIII.
71—rush of air into, 106—ebullition
in, XX. 573—distillation in, 576.
Vaddahs of Ceylon, VI. 303.
Vagabond, XXI. 537. See Vagrants.
Vagina, II. 826 ; XVII. 690.
Vagrancy, restraint of, XVIII. 368—di¬
minution of, 370.
Vagrants, XVIII. 250.
Vahl (Professor), on botany, V. 79.
Vaillant (Jean Foy), French numis¬
matist, XXI. 537.
 (Mons. Le), botanical labours of,
V. 86—on birds, XVI. 549.
Vair, XXI. 538—in heraldry, XI. 245.
Vairy, in heraldry, XXI. 538.
Vaisyas, Hindu caste, VI. 224 ; XI. 402.
Valaise, Swiss canton, XXI. 538.
Valangin, Swiss town, XXI. 538.
Valckenaek (Lewis C.), XXI. 538.
VAL—VAN
Valckenaer (John), XXI. 539.
Valdemar II. of Denmark, VII. 720.
Valdenses, XXI. 539, 547; II. 382.
Valdepennas, in Spain, XXI. 544.
Valdivia, in Chili, VI. 539.
Valdo, or Waldo (Peter), XXL 545.
Valence, in France, XXI. 547.
Valencia, in Spain, XXL 548.
Valenciennes, French city, XXL 548
—siege of, in 1793, X. 79.
Valens, Roman emperor, VII. 278 ;
XIX. 418.
Valentine (Basil), on sal-ammoniac, II.
660—on brewing, V. 230—on chemis¬
try, VI. 344.
Valentini’s publications on medical ju¬
risprudence, XIV. 491.
Valentinian, Roman emperor, VII. 278;
XIX. 418.
 II., reign of, XIX. 419.
 III., reign of, XIX. 421.
Valentinians, XXL 548.
Valerian, reign of, XIX. 412.
Valerianese, in botany, V. 116.
Valerianus Magnus, discovery in pneu¬
matics claimed by, XVIII. 72.
Valerius Flacccs, IX. 611.
 (Lucas), his work on the centre
of gravity, XIV. 350.
 Maximus, XXI. 548.
 Poplicola, XIX. 368.
Valery (St), French town, XXL 5*8.
Valesco de Taranta, XX. 828.
Valesiana, II. 675.
Valet, XXI. 548.
Valetta, XXI. 548 ; XIV. 63.
Valette, XIV. 60.
Valladolid, in Spain, XXI. 54-9.
 , Mexican state, XIV. 815.
Vallancey (General), on Irish cromlechs,
III. 407.
Valle (Pietro della), XI. 312.
Valleggio, in Italy, XXI. 549.
Valleys, XVII. 503—relations of rivers
to, XIX. 278.
Vallisneria, in botany, V. 132.
Valognes, in France, XXI. 549.
Valois (A.), his Table-Talk, II. 675.
Valona, IV. 256.
Valonia, its use in tanning, XXI. 77.
Valparaiso,in Chili, VI. 538, 539—trade
of, VI. 534.
Valperga (Thomas), on Coptic, XI. 315.
Valsalva, anatomist, II. 701.
Value of commodities, XVIII. 258—by
what regulated, 294.
Valvata, mollusca, XV. 348, 360.
Valve, XXI. 549—valves of pumps,
XVIII. 722; of steam-engines, XX.
647, 698—valve-gear, 650—valve-ap¬
paratus, 651.
Valz (M.), his micrometer, XV. 24.
Vampire, XIV. 100.
Vampire-bat, XVII. 703.
Van Ceulen (L.), on the quadrature of
the circle, XX. 554.
Van Coetsem (Prof.), on inflammation,
’ XVII. 485—on cerebral disease, 492.
Van der Hooght’s Hebrew Bible, pub¬
lished at Amsterdam, IV. 614.
Van der Mersch, XVI. 122.
Van Diemen’s Land, XXI. 551 ; IV.
210—discovered by Tasman, 205 —
farther discoveries in, ib., 206—emi¬
gration to, VIII. 688, 689.
Van Diemen’s Cape, XXI. 556.
Van Espen, his Jus Ecclesiasticum Uni-
versum, VI. 93.
Van Helmont (John Baptist), XI. 227
—his contributions to chemistry and
medicine, I. 454; VI. 347.
Van Horn, a bucaneer, V. 624.
Van Marum, his electrical machine,
VIII. 578—on electricity, 603, 642—
on the fusion of wires by electricity,
627—on the chemical agency of elec¬
tricity, 629 ; its magnetic effects, 637;
and its influence on the pulse and
perspiration, 640.
Van Swinden (Mr), magnetic observa¬
tions of, XIII.690, 698.
Van Tromp, XXI, X89; XL 522, et seq.
Vanadiate of lead, cp. gr. of, XII. 37.
INDEX
157
VAN-VAT]
Vanadic acid, VI. 388.
Vanadium, VI. 387.
Vanbkugh (Sir John), XXI. 549—his
style of architecture, III. 429—his
dramatic works, VIII. 172.
Vancouver (Fort), XXI. 452.
Vandalia, in Illinois, XII. 248.
Vandals, XIX. 420, et seq.—Rome taken
by the, 423 — their irruption into
Spain, XX. 492.
Vanderlint (Jacob), on political eco¬
nomy, XVIII. 267.
Vandernoot, XVI. 122.
Vandshelling Islands, XXI. 556.
Vandtck (Sir A.), painter, XXI. 556;
III. 649 ; XVI. 703, 717, 72&
Vane of a ship, XXI. 557.
 (Sir Harry), V. 337—his mission
to Scotland, V. 325.
Vaneeya, XI. 32.
Vanellus, bird, XVI. 617.
Vanessa, insect, IX. 241.
Vanga, bird, XVI. 568.
Vanhomrigh (Miss Esther), IV. 584 ;
XXI. 37-8.
Vanhorne, XVII. 728.
Vanity distinguished from pride* XVIII.
530. See Approbation
Vannes, in France, XXI. 557.
Vansittart (Mr), his financial blunders,
V. 556—his alteration of the sinking-
fund, X. 246, 257—his tax on wool,
XXI. 923.
Vaporization, XI. 190.
Vapour, XVII. 532, 568—in the atmos¬
phere, IV. 136—condensation of, by
cold, XII. 120—latent heat of, 129;
its effect on barometric measure¬
ments, 131 —specific gravity of a mix¬
ture of air and, ib. See Dew, Eva¬
poration, Hygrometry.
Vae, in France, XXI. 557.
Varages, XIX. 527.
Varanus, reptile, XIX. 139
Vardoosettah, XXI. 557.
Variation, in music, XXI. 560
  of the magnetic needle, XIII.
686, 730—changes in it,737—annual,
738 — diurnal, 739 — variation-com¬
pass, 7 66—variation-transit, ib.
Variations (Calculus of), XXI. 557—
distinction between differential and,
I. 600. See Geometry (New.)
Varieties of animals, what, III. 161.
Varignon (Monsieur), IX. 637—on the
fusee of watches, VI. 787—on me¬
chanics, XIV. 352.
Varix, XVII. 129.
Varna, XXI. 560—port of, IV. 660.
Varnish, XXI. 561—Chinese, 431—of
Greek paintings, XVI. 699.
Varolius (Constantius), of Bologna. ana-
tomical discoveries of, II. 696.
Varpa, island, XXI. 562.
Varro (Marcus Terentius), XXI. 562.
 Atacinus (P. T.), XXI. 563.
Varus (Quiutilius), X. 476 ; XIX. 401.
Varshah, Afghan town, XXI. 564.
Varvicite, VI. 407.
Vasa(Gustavus). See Gustavus.
Vasari, his Life of Michael Angelo,
XVI. 714, 715.
Vasculares, in botany, V. 94.
Vascular system of the human body,
II. 731. See Vessels.
Vase, XXL 564—Etruscan, IX. 387;
XVI. 695; IX. PI. 140 and 141.
Vassal, XXI. 564.
Vassars, their Scaligerana, II. 674.
Vater on American languages, II. 619, n.
Vathi, XII. 341; XIX. 633.
Vatican, XIX. 433—library, XIII. 308
—palimpsests in, XVI. 766.
Vatna, in Asia Minor, XXI. 564.
Vattel (Emmerich de), XXI. 564—on
balance of power, IV. 308, 309.
Vauban (S. le P. de), XXI. 564—com¬
pared with Cbhorn, VII. 29—on for¬
tification, IX. 770—his first system,
772—his second and third systems,
774—on sieges, 776.
Vaucanson, his mechanical flute-player,
III. 123, 239.
VATT—VEL
Vaucltjse, in France, XXL 564—foun¬
tain of, VI. 746 ; XVII. 527.
Vaud, Swiss canton, XXI. 565.
Vaudois, XXL 538, 547; II. 382.
Vaudreuil (Marquis de), V. 409.
   (Monsieur de), VI. 68.
Vault, XXL 565 ; III. 471—advan¬
tages of dome-vaulting, 391.
Vauquelin on alum, II. 571—chemical
labours of, VI. 361—on porcelain,
XVIII. 437.
Vauquelinite, sp. gr. of, XII. 37.
Vauvenargues (Marquis de), I. 184.
Vauxhall bridge, V. 279; XIII. 511.
 Gardens, XIII. 534.
Vavao, island, XXI. 565.
Vaypen, XXI. 565.
Vazirabad, in Lahore, XXI. 565.
Veal, VII. 592.
Vecht, river, XL 137.
Vedas, XXI. 565; XI. 399; XX. 191.
Vedahs of Ceylon, VI. 303.
Veere, in Brabant, XXI. 566.
Vega, mathematical talents of, I. 584.
Vega Carpio (Lope Felix de), XXL
566—’his plays, VIII. 156—novels.
XIX. 351.
Vegetable bodies, chemistry of, VI. 460
—less easily dyed than animal bodies,
VIII. 298—vegetable alkalies, VI.
460—neutral vegetable principles, 471
—vegetable poisons, XIV. 504—ve¬
getable food, IX. 727 ; XVII. 624.
 Anatomy, III. 41.
 Physiology, XXL 567—colour¬
ing matter and colours of plants, VI.
483; VII. 127—nutrition, III. 157,
166—respiration, 157 — analogy of
reproduction, &c\, in animals and
plants, 158—Coulomb on circulation
of sap, VII. 428—electricity produced
by plants, VIII. 609—effects of elec¬
tricity on them, 641—effects of light,
XIII. 339 ; XVII. 547 ; of longitude
and soil, ib.; of poisons, XVIII. 182
—air emitted by plants, XII. 27 5—
botanical regions, XVII. 548. See
Botany, Plants, Timber, Trees.
Vegetius Renatus (Flavius), XXI.
589—on the Roman armies, III. 589.
 Renatus (Publius), XXI. 589.
Vegeto-sulphuric acid, VI. 431.
Veglia, island, XXI. 589.
Veii, Etrurian city, XXI. 589—taken
by the Romans, XIX. 374.
Veins, in anatomy, II. 719 ; XVII. 582,
639—their valves,II. 721; origin and
termination, ib. ; calibre and area,
722; mutual communications, 723 ;
action, XVII. 644—generally accom¬
pany arteries in their course, II.
722; but not always, 723—Are they
more superficial and less sheltered
than arteries? 723 — surgical treat¬
ment of dilatation of the, XX. 840—
venous absorption, XVII. 654.
 .metallic, XV. 276; XVII. 507
—origin of, XV. 235.
Velarius, XXI. 589.
Velasquez, VII. 378—his style of paint¬
ing, III. 650; XVI. 722.
Vele Rete, rock of, XXL 589.
Velia, insect, IX. 198.
Velites of Roman army, XXL 589.
Velletri, Italian city, XXL 589.
Vellore, Hindu town, XXI. 589.
Vellum, Hindu town, XXL 590.
 , or pai’chment, XXL 590; XVII.
68—formerly used for books, IV. 621
—durability of writing on, XII. 279.
Velocity, XXI. 590 ; VIII. 367 ;
XVIII. 777—principle of virtual and
actual, I. 535—increase of that of
falling bodies, II. 81—scale of, VIII.
375—of machinery, XIV. 404 ; air,
738, 742 ; XVIII. 106; rivers, XIX.
253; ships, XX. 259 ; sound, 482 ; II.
113, 116.
Velschius (G. H.), his intended edition
of Edrisi’s Geography, VIII. 433.
Velutina, mollusca, XV. 363.
Velvet, XXL 590—method of dyeing
it black, VIII. 330.
YEN—YER
Vena contracta, XII. 52.
Venables (Col. R.), on pike-fishing, III.
145—his work on angling, 149.
Venoaticherry, XXI. 590.
Vendace, fish, XII. 211.
Vendee, XXI. 590—war in, X. 81.
Vendola, island, XXI. 590.
Vendome, in France, XXI. 590.
Veneering, XXI. 590.
Veneers, cutting of, XIV. 367.
Veneration, XVII. 463. See Reverence.
Venereal disease, XVII. 487, 495—its
introduction into Europe, XVI. 681;
XX. 828—early writers on, ib., n. 3—
treatment of, 845.
Venericardia, mollusca, XV. 342.
Venesection. See Blood-letting.
Venezuela, in South America, XXL
591. See Bolivar, Colombia.
Veniambady, XXI. 593.
Venice, XXI. 593; XII. 475—Cosmo-
graphical Academy, II. 68—war with
the Algerines, 507—whether the pa¬
rent of Gothic architecture. III. 420-1
—church of St Mark, 422—school of
painting, 648; XVI. 709, 716—siege
of Athens, IV. 128—government, 228
—commerce, VII. 157, 231 ; XV. 745
—carpets, VI. 173—maritime law, VII.
493—Daru’s History of, 630—Doge
of, VIII. 90—glass-manufacture, X.
564—policy towards Ionian Islands,
XII. 344-5—libraries, XIII. 311—cap¬
ture of Ravenna from the Lombards,
466—coins of, XV. 408, 412—invaded
by Napoleon, 724—rise of newspapers
in, XVI. 168—Bank of, XVII. 45—
early printing at, XVIII. 539, 548—
opposition to the Portuguese in India,
465—rise of, XX. 213—causes of in¬
crease, VII. 157—shipping, XX. 213,
219—war with Turkey, XXI. 412-
loss of Candia, 413—measures used
in, 848—weights, 848.
Venloo, in Limburg, XXL 595.
Venricones, VI. 2.
Ventilation, XXL 595—of jails, &c.,
II. 368—of collieries, &c., VII. 80, 83;
XVIII. 129 — of ships, XX. 273—
means employed by bees to ventilate
their hives, IV. 522—conducive to
health, XIV. 508.
Ventilator, XXL 598 ; XI. 111.
Ventivalum, XXI. 598.
Ventricle, XXI. 598—ventricles of
the brain, II. 808 ; XVII. 660—of the
heart, II. 818 ; XVII. 637—capacities
of the latter, 643.
Ventriloquism, XXI. 598.
Venturi on hydrodynamics, XII. 5, 57,
64, 65, 68, 106.
Venus, goddess, XXI. 598—measure¬
ment of statue of, VIII. 182—statues
of: of Arles, VIII. PI. 194; de Me-
dicis, PI. 196 ; of the Capitol, ib.
 , in conchology, XV. 342.
 , planet, IV. 27—phenomena of,
13—variations of its orbit, 58—atmo¬
sphere of, XVIII. 105.
Venusius, V. 299.
Vera Cruz, Mexican state, XIV. 815—
city, 816—plundered by the bucan-
eers, V. 624.
Veragua, province of, XVI. 784.
Veramally, Hindu town, XXI. 598.
Verardo (Charles), on historical plays,
VIII. 155.
Veratrin, VI. 465—salts of, ib.
Verbenaceae, in botany, V. 123.
Verbeneae, in botany, V. 124.
Verbs, X. 655,684.
Vercelli, in Sardinia, XXL 598.
Verchairalsk, XXI. 599.
Verchaturia, XXI. 599.
Vercholensk, XXI. 599.
Verd (Cape), XXL 599—Islands, ib.
Verdigris, VII. 312.
Verdun, French city, XXL 599.
Verej a, Russian city, XXI. 599.
Verge, in law, XXI. 599.
 of a clock, VI. 768.
Vergers, XXI. 599.
Vergniaud, X. 83.
YER—VEX
Vermeille, sp. gr. of, XII. 37.
Vermicelli, XXL 599.
Vermicularia, mollusca, XV. 349.
Vermilion, XXL 599 ; VI. 418—Chi¬
nese, 577—in crayon-painting, VII.
453.
Vermin, XXI. 599—on the domestic
animals, 637.
Vermont, XXL 603—canals in, 470.
Vermuyden, an embanker, VIII. 676.
Vernation of leaves, V. 36.
Vernet (Horace), XVI. 723.
Vernier Scale, XXI. 604.
Vernon, French city, XXL 604.
 (Admiral), his expeditibns a-
gainst Portobello and Carthagena, V.
379 ; XX. 426.
Verona, in Italy, XXL 604—Academy
of Sciences, II. 69—amphitheatre, 670
—palimpsests, XVI. 767.
Veronese (Paul), painter, XVI. 718.
Verres, praetor of Sicily, Cicero’s ora¬
tions against, VI. 691.
Verri (Count di), on political economy,
XVIII. 270.
Versailles, XXI. 604—aqueduct from
Marli to, III. 320—palace of, 427.
Verse, in poetry, XXI. 605.
Versed sine, XXI. 370.
Versetz, Hungarian city, XXI. 605.
Verst, VII. 471, n. 3.
Vert, in heraldry, XXL 605 ; XL 244.
Vertebrae, human, II. 759, 763 ; XVII.
614—Ugaments of, II. 740—muscles
of, 793—of brutes, XVII. 701, etseq.;
mammalia, III. 2; birds, 10; reptiles,
13 ; fishes, 16.
Vertebrata, II. 705; IX. 93; XVII. 586
—classification of, II. 706—character¬
istics of. III. 172, 179—classes of, 179.
Vertex, XXI. 605.
Vertical, in astronomy, III. 754.
Verticillus, XXI. 605.
Verticity of the loadstone, XXI. 605.
Vertigo, disease, in the domestic animals,
XXL 632.
 , in conchology, XV. 348.
Vertot (Rene Aubert de), XXI. 605.
Vertumnus, XXI. 605.
Vertunien, his Scaligerana, II. 674.
Verulam (Baron). See Bacon (Francis).
Verus (Lucius), XIX. 408.
Vervain, highly esteemed by the Druids,
VIII. 208.
Verviers, in Belgium, XXL 611.
Vesalius (Andreas), XXI. 611; II. 695;
XII. 330—his character of Dubois or
Sylvius, II. 694—his anatomical dis¬
coveries, 695 ; XVII. 726—on the
brain, XIV. 580.
Vesoul, XXI. 611; IV. 600.
Vespa, insect, IX. 231.
Vespasian, Roman emperor, XIX. 404
—the Coliseum built by, II. 668—his
war with the Jews, XII. 574.
Vesper, island, XXI. 611.
Vespers, XXI. 611.
Vespertilio, in zoology, XIV. 101.
Vespertilionidse, in zoology, XIV. 98.
Vespiari®, insects, IX. 230.
Vespucci (Amerigo), XXL 611; X. 399
—his voyages to Brazil, V. 188.
Vessels of plants, III. 42—ofleaves, 94.
  See Bloodvessels.
Vesta, in mythology, XXI. 612.
 , planet, XXL 612 ; IV. 29—dis¬
covery of. III. 748.
Vestalia, festival, XXI. 612.
Vestals, XXL 612.
Vestibule, in architecture, XXL 612.
 of the ear, II. 801.
Vestry of a church, XXL 612.
Vesuvian, XV. 159—sp. gr. of, XII. 37.
Vesuvius, XXL 612 ; XV. 699, 707-
electricity of the air on, VIII. 615—
eruptions of, XVII. 513; XIX. 405.
Veteranio, VII. 272.
Veterinary Science,XXL612; IX.490;
XI. 606. See Cattle, Horse, Sheep.
Vetranio, XIX. 417.
Vevay, Swiss town, XXI. 638.
 , in Indiana, XII. 266.
Vesillum, in botany, V. 42.
158
INDEX,
VIA—VIL
Via Lactea, IV. 48.
Viadana (L.), XXI. 252.
Viaducts, XXI. 638; III. 323; XIX.
20.
Viai.es, in mythology, XXI. 641.
Viana, in Portugal, XXI. 641.
Vibex, XXI. 642.
Vibration of musical instruments, II.
121—of air, XVIII. 117.
Vibrio, genus of animalcules, III. 187.
Viburnum, XVII. 789.
Vicar, XXI. 642; XVII. 98.
Vicary (Thomas), II. 697.
Vice considered by Socrates as an error
of the understanding, XX. 464, 467.
See Ethical Philosophy.
Vice-chancellor of Oxford, XXI. 496.
Vicenza, XXI. 462.
Vich, XXI. 653.
Vici on hydraulics, XII. 6.
Vick (H. de), his clock, VI. 766, 777.
Vico (G.), on Homer, XI. 542.
Vicq D’Azyr,his classification of animal
functions, XVII. 590.
Vicramaditya, era of, VI. 664.
VlCRAYANDT, XXI. 642.
Victoire Isle, XXI. 642.
Victor (Sextus Aurelius), XXI. 642.
—— (General), V. 527.
Victoria, president of the Mexican re¬
public, XIV. 788, 791.
 , Mexican Town, XIV. 817.
 Port, XXI. 642.
Victort, XXI. 642.
Victualling establishments at Deptford,
VIII. 81; Chatham, 83 ; Portsmouth,
85 ; Plymouth, 85—late Victualling
Board, 88.
Vicuna, IV. 748; VI. 525, 544.
Vida (Marco Geronimo), XXI. 643.
Vidua, bird, XVI. 581.
Vieillot on birds, XVI. 549, 550, 551.
Vielle, XXI. 643.
Vienna, XXI. 643—Academy of Sur¬
gery, II. 68—Academy of the Pine
Arts, 74—university, IV. 235—libra¬
ries, XIII. 311—sieges by the Turks,
XXI. 412, 413—measures used in,
848—weights, 849—Congress of, X.
481 ; XVIII. 685.
Vienne, in France, XXL 646, 647.
■ (Upper), in France, XXI. 647.
Vieque, island, XXI. 660.
Vierlands, islands, XXI. 647.
Vierzon, French city, XXI. 647.
Vieta (Francis), X. 429; XIV. 316—
his improvements in algebra, I. 442 ;
II. 423, 424, 493; in trigonometry, I.
442-3—his Apollonius Gallus,III. 289.
Vieussens (Raymond), anatomical disco¬
veries of, II. 701.
Vieyra (J. F.), V. 191.
Viger (Frangois), XXL 647.
Vigevano, in Sardinia, XXI. 647.
Vigils, XXI. 648—of plants, ib.
Vigilantius, reformer, XXI. 648.
Vignola, architect, III. 426.
Vigo, Spanish sea-port, XXI. 649.
Vigogna, in zoology, XIV. 157.
Vigors (Mr), on generic divisions of ani¬
mals, XVI. 556—his classification of
birds, 641.
VlJANAGRAM, XXI. 650.
Vijao, American plant, III. 119.
Vilette’s burning-mirrors, V. 726, 733.
Villa, ancient Roman, III. 444—embel¬
lishment of, X. 337.
Villa Bella, XIV. 326.
Villa do Principe, XV. 110.
Villa Maria, XIV. 326.
Villa Real de Cuyaba, XIV. 326.
Villa Real do Sahara, XV. 111.
Villa Rica, in Brazil, XV. 109—climate
of, V. 190.
Villa St Joao del Rey, XV. 111.
Villa Vicoga, XVII. 53.
Villach, in Illyria, XXI. 650,
Village, XXI. 650.
VlLLAFRANCA, XXL 650.
Villalpanda on the architecture of Solo¬
mon’s temple, III. 413.
Villaret-Joyeuse (Admiral), V. 475.
Villars, botanist, V. 82, 87,
VIL—VIQ
Villars (Marshal), V. 372.
Ville (A. de), on fortification, IX. 770.
VlLLEFRANCHE, XXI. 650.
Villegagnon (N. D. de), V. 190.
Villegas, poetry of, XVIII. 164.
Villein, or Villain, XXI. 650.
Villena, Spanish city, XXI. 650.
Villenage, in law, XXI. 650.
Villeneuve D’Agen, XXI. 651.
  (Admiral), X. 136.
Villeroi (Marshal de), his campaigns
against the Duke of Marlborough, V.
369, et seq.
Villers on balance of power, IV. 310.
Villi of the ileum, II. 815—of mucous
membrane, XVII. 607.
Villiers (George), Duke of Bucking¬
ham, XXI. 651—his visit to Spain
with Prince Charles, V. 308—im¬
peachment of, 311—war with France
excited and mismanaged by, 312—
assassination of, 313.
 :—(George), second Duke of Buck¬
ingham, XXI. 651—his Rehearsal,
VIII. 171.
Villiers and Bowring, their Report on
ourcommercial relations with France,
X. 185, 186.
Villoisou’s edition of Homer, XI. 548.
Villoteau (G. A.), on music in Egypt,
XXL 325.
Vimiero, Portuguese town, XXI. 651
—battle of, V. 524.
Viminal Hill, XIX. 424, 427.
Vina, XXL 651.
Vinago, bird, XVI. 614.
Vincatgherry, XXI. 651.
Vince (Mr), on the resistance of fluids,
XII. 80—-on the lever, XIV. 360—on
friction, 407.
 (Dr), on mirage, XIV. 750—
ease of great atmospherical refrac¬
tion observed by, XVI. 510.
Vincennes, in Indiana, XII. 266.
Vincent (St), island, XXI. 651—cul¬
ture of the bread-fruit in, V. 212-13
—volcano of, XVII. 512.
 (Gulf of St), XXI. 651.
 (Cape St), battle of, V. 414, 480;
XVI. 84 ; XXL 651.
 (John Jervis, Earl of St), XXI.
651; V. 414, 480; XVI. 84.
 (Dr), on the Periplus of the
Erythrean Sea, II. 220.
 (Rory St), his division of the in¬
digenous Americans, II. 615. See Bory.
 (Jean-Claude-Maria), VIII. 398.
Vinci (Leonardo da), XXI. 651—first
distinctly stated the principle of the
effects of oblique force, I. 602—his
character as a painter, &e., III. 647;
XVI. 710, 720—on experiment, X.
291, n. 1—on pictorial invention, XV.
641’.
Vinculum, in algebra, XXI. 652.
Vindhya Mountains, XXI. 652.
Vindingius (Paul), on anonymous books,
VI. 627.
Vine, sap yielded by the. III. 51—struc¬
ture of its trunk, 83—culture of, XI.
639, 657—specific gravity of, XII. 37
—vines in Austria, IV. 231; France,
X. 175; Indiana, XII. 266.
Vinegar, XXI. 652; VI. 427—its use
in pickling, IX. 734—specific gravity
of, XII. 37.
Vingorla, Hindu town, XXI. 652.
Vinland, II. 635.
Vinous fermentation,VIII. 52; XXI. 894.
Vinovium, VIII. 291.
Viola, in botany, V. 6 4.
 , musical instrument, XXI. 653;
XV. 613—Alto, XXI. 653—d’Amore,
ib.—di Gamba, ib.
Violariese, in botany, V. 98.
Violet, dyeing of, VIII. 335.
Violin, XXI. 653; XV. 613.
Violoncello, XXL 653; XV. 613.
Violone, or Double-Bass, XXI. 053;
XV. 613.
Viper, XX. 153, 135—poisonous bite
of, XIV. 507.
Vique, Spanish city, XXI. 653.
VIR—YIT
Virago, XXI. 653.
Viragne, Hindu town, XXL 653.
VlRANCHIPURA, XXI. 653.
Virafelle, XXI. 653.
Vire, in France, XXI. 653. .
Virey, his definitions of animal and
plant, III. 156—his classification of
animals, 171—on the instincts of in¬
sects, IX. 89—-on the varieties of the
human species, XIV. 199.
Virgil, XXI. 653—translation of, by
Caxton, IV. 626; by Gawin Douglas,
VIII. 128-9—Delille’s French version
of the Georgies, VII. 686—birth-place
of, XIV. 236—poetry of, XVIII. 144,
153—Warton’s edition of his works,
and translation of the Eclogues and
Georgies, XXL 778.
 (PoLYDORE),historian,XXI.657.
Virgilia lutea, XVII. 787.
Virgin Islands, XXI. 657.
Virgingorda, island, XXI. 660.
Virginia, XXI. 657 —canals of, XVI.
26; XXI. 472—railroads, 473—state-
bonds, 479—gold found in, 454.
Virginity, signs of, XIV. 491, 496.
Virginius (Lucius), XIX. 373.
Virgo, constellation, XXI. 660.
Viriathus, insurrection of, XX. 491.
Virility, XIV. 493.
Virnangh, Hindu village, XXI. 660.
Virot on the Deists, VII. 679.
Virtual, or potential, XXI. 660.
Virtue, XXI. 660 ; XV. 458, et seg.—
Aristotle on, III. 516, 520—origin of
the notion of, XIV. 628—motives to,
XV. 484. See Ethical Philosophy.
Virtuoso, XXI. 660.
Vis inertise, VIII. 353; XVII. 569.
Vis insita, VIII. 346, 353; XVIII. 779.
Viscidity, XX. 749.
Visconti, family of, XII. 474.
Viscount, XXL 660.
Vishna, V. 176.
Visiinou, XXI. 660 ; V. 636 ; VIL 696,
698 ; XL 399; XV. 678.
Visiapour, IV. 540.
Visier, Turkish, XXI. 660, 421.
Vision, XVII. 579, 667 ; XIII. 341;
XIV. 610; XVI. 348, 511—observa¬
tions on the new theory of, I. 65—a
fallacy in Berkeley’s work on, 241—
chief aim of Berkeley’s work, 164—
misapprehensions of the ancients on
this subject, ib.— Voltaire’s explana¬
tion of, 165—progress made previously
to Berkeley, 167—acute in the Arab's,
HI. 330-1—Aristotle on, 507—effects
of galvanism on, XXI. 681—illusions
of, XVII. 671—ocular spectra, 672—
second sight, XX. 70; HI. 304 —
sense of sight in brutes, III. 165;
XVII. 703, et seq.; ants, III. 240;
bees, IV. 523 ; Crustacea, VII. 498;
insects, IX. 79. See Apparitions,
Blind, Eye, Optics.
Vistula, Polish river, XXL 660 ;
X VIII. 690 ; XIX. 566.
Vital powers of plants, XXI. 586.
Vital principle. See Life.
Vitcllius, Roman emperor, XIX. 404.
Vitcllo on optics, XVI. 350.
Vitcllum, in botany, V. 51.
Vitt llus of seeds, HI. 75.
Viterbo, in Italy, XXI. 660.
Vitoria, Spanish city, XXI. 661 —
battle of, V. 534.
Vitreous humour of eye, II. 799.
 electricity, VIII. 576, 578—dis¬
covery of, 567.
Vitrified Forts. See Forts.
Vitiina mollusca, XV. 348, 358.
Vitriol, XXI 661—in mineralogy,
XV. 138.
 (blue), or copperas, IV. 720 ;
VII. 312—a preventive of dry rot,
VIII. 232.
— (green), XV. 138.
 (Dantzic), sp. gr. of, XII. 37.
Vitriolated, XXI. 661.
Vitruvius Pollio (Marcus), XXI. 661
—bis character as an architect. III.
40 >—on architecture, 406—on the
YIT—VOL
origin of the Doric, Ionic, and Corin¬
thian orders, 415, 416—little merit
of his works, 424—modern followers
of, ib., 451—revival of his architec¬
tural rules in Italy, 425—on dials,
VII. 758—on encaustic painting, VIII.
697. See the article Architecture
passim.
Vitry-le-Francais, XXI. 661.
Vittoria, in Sicily, XXI. 661.
 , in Spain. See Vitoria.
Viverra, in zoology, XIV. 118.
Vives, a disease of cattle, XXL 622.
 (Ludovicus), I. 15—the ancients
and moderns compared by, 30.
Viviani, III. 288; IV. 386; XIV. 319
—his restoration of the Conics of
Apollonius, XX. 358.
Vivianiese, in botany, V. 99.
Viviparous animals, XXL 661.
Vizagapatam, XXI. 661.
Viziadroog, XXI. 662.
Vizi AN AG ur, XXI. 662.
Vizierabad, Hindu town, XXL 662.
Vizir, Turkish, XXI. 660, 421.
Vizzini, Neapolitan city, XXI. 662.
Vlacq (Adrian), on logarithms, XIII.
419,431.
Vladimir, XIX. 530,
Vlagman, fish, XII. 179.
Vlissingen, Dutch town, XXI. 662.
Vocabulary, XXI. 662.
Vocal, XXI. 662.
Vocalize, in music, XXI. 662.
Vocative case, XXI. 662; X. 643.
Vochysiacese, in botany, V. 108.
Voet (Gisbert), XXI. 662—his enmity
to Descartes, VI. 182.
 (John), professor, XXL 662.
Vogel, island, XXL 662.
Voghera, in Sardinia, XXI. 662.
Vogt on rare books, IV. 625.
Vohitsanghombe, II. 595.
Voice, XXL 663 ; XVII. 580, 682-
organs of, in man, II. 805 ; in brutes,
III. 28—compasses of voices and in¬
struments, XV. 618.
 , in grammar, XXI. 663.
Void. See Vacuum.
Voiders, in heraldry, XL 251.
Voightland, in Saxony, XXI. 663.
Voiron, French city, XXI. 663.
Volcanoes, XVII. 513—iEtna, II. 199
—of North America, 614 ; the Andes,
609 ; III. 117 ; the Azores, IV. 263 ;
Bourbon, V. 149 ; Chili, VI. 525 ;
Europe, IX. 407; Iceland, XII. 143,
140-7; Japan, 511 ; the Lipari
Islands, XIII. 369 ; XX. 779 ; Luzon,
XIII. 604 ; Mexico, XIV. 797 ; Ni¬
caragua, XVI. 201; Quito, XVIII.
796 ; Stromboli, XX. 779 ; XIII.
369 ; Teneiiffe, VI. 73—Bergman’s
analysis of the products of, IV. 583
—Sir IT. Davy on, VII. 642—con¬
sidered geologically, XV. 226 -geogra¬
phical distribution of, ib.—active and
extinct, 227—volcanic products, 228
—connexion of earthquakes and, 229
-—hypothesis of volcanic action, 230 ;
XVII. 515—changes on the earth’s
surface produced by, 512—ashes car¬
ried to a distance from, XIX. 59—
mud and air volcanoes, XVII. 515.;
XII. 147. See Vesuvius, &c.
Volconda, Hindu town, XXI. 663.
Volery, XXI. 663.
Volga, river, XXI. 663 ; XIX. 565.
Volhynia, in Russia, XXI. 663.
Volition, XIV. 688 ; XVII. 674—nerves
of, 580, 593. See Will.
Volkonskoi, forest of, XIX. 563.
Volney on Palmyra. XVI. 774.
Vologeses, XVli. 105.
A’olones, slaves, XXI. 663.
Volt, in the manege, XXI. 663.
Voltti (Alex.), I. 621—his invention of
the pile known by his name, 623;
XXI. 664 ; VIII, 572—experiments of,
573, 604—his theory of hail, 622—
his electrophorus, 643—condensing
electrometer, 651—flame-electrome¬
ter, 659—electrical lamp, 661—elec-
159
INDEX.
WAA—WAL
VOL—YYS
trical pistol, YIII. C62 — eudiometer,
XVII. 531.
Voltaic Electricity, XXI. 664—de¬
composition by means of, VII. 638-9
■—reanimation of drowned persons
by, VIII. 203—Faraday on, 575—
medical use of, 641. See Galvanism.
•  Pile, XXI. 664 ; 1.623; VIII.
572.
Voltaire (F. M. A. de), XXI. 700—
his estimate of Montaigne, I. 53 ; of
Ea Rochefoucauld, 54—on innate
ideas, 251—clearly understood Ber¬
keley’s theory of vision, 165—Ma¬
dame de Stael’s division of his literary
life into two epochs, 277—advocated
liberty at one time and necessity at
another, 278—on the force of a mov¬
ing body, 540—helped to establish
the Newtonian philosophy in France,
577—his character of Bayle, IV. 467;
of La Bruyere, V. 618—- his commen¬
tary on Beccaria, IV, 504—his visit
to Congreve, VII. 217—his History
of the Crusades, 487—on the Italian
opera, VIII. 157—his improvement
of theatrical costume, 165—his dra¬
matic works, ib.—on Dryden, 223 —
his connexion with Frederick II., X.
228—Gibbon’s visit to, 505—on the
moral doctrines of Christ, XII. 562—
his opinion of Machiavel, XIII. 648—
his feelings towards Montesquieu,
XV. 430—on happiness, XVIII. 52
—poetry of, 166—romances of, XIX.
354.
Voltameter, or volta-electrometer, de¬
scription of Faraday’s, XXI. 674.
Voltatype, XXI. 682.
Volterra, Italian city, XXI. 702.
Volucella, insect, IX. 276.
Volume, XXI. 702.
Voluntary, in music, XXI. 702.
 Motion, XVII. 580, 674—pecu¬
liar to animals, III. 157.
Volunteers in 1803, V. 518,
Volupsa, VIII. 410.
Voluspa, XV. 683.
Voluta, mollusca, XV. 346.
Volutadse, mollusca, XV. 364.
Volute, in architecture, XXI. 702;
III. 471—Ionic, 439, 472.
Volva, in botany, V. 56.
Volvaria, mollusca, XV. 346.
Volvox, genus of animalcules, III. 186.
Vomer, bone of the head, II. 778.
  , fish, XII. 186.
Vomiting, XXI. 702.
Von Horten, IV. 236.
Von Troll’s account of Iceland, XII.
144, 145.
Voracity, cases of, VIII. 23—of the pike,
III. 144. See Gluttony.
Voralberg, in Austria, XXL 702.
Vorstius (Conrad), XXI. 702.
Vosges, in France, XXI. 703.
Vossius (Gerard John), German scho¬
lar, XXI. 703.
 (Isaac), XXI. 704—Scaligerana
published by, II. 675.
Votive Medals, XXI. 704.
Vourla, in Asia Minor, XXL 704.
Vouziers, V. 155.
Vow, XXL 704.
Vowels, XXI. 704—pronunciation of,
XVII. 683.
Voysey on diamonds, VIII. 4.
Vukovar, a market-town in Hungary,
XXL 704.
Vulcan, Pagan god, XXL 704.
Vulcano, island, XXI. 704.
Vulgar fractions, III. 557.
Vulgate translation of the Bible,XXI.
704; IV. 615; XIX. 790.
Vulsella, in conchology, XV. 341.
Vulture, XVI. 558—bearded, 560 —
black, 559—Californian, 558—cinere¬
ous,^.—fulvous, 558—gingi, 560 —
king, 559—its sagacity in discovering
carcasses, II. 292.
Vulturidse, birds, XVI. 558.
Vulva, II. 826.
Vyschnei Volotschok, canal of, IV. 331.
X
w
w, letter of the alphabet, XXL 705.
Waadt, or Vaud, XXI. 565.
Waag, river, XXL 705.
Waal, river, XXI. 705.
Wabash, river, XII. 265.
Wachendorfiese, in botany, V. 133.
Wadan, IX. 530.
Wade (Thomas), on Dry Rot, VIII. 227,
228, 232.
Waders, birds, XVI. 614.
Wadey Abassi—EL Arkik—EL Kebir
—Elm ah an—F aran—Zebid, rivers,
XXL 705.
Wadjo, in Celebes, XXI. 705.
Wady, Arabian guardian, III. 334.
Wady Magara, ancient inscriptions at,
XII. 291.
Wafers, XXL 705.
Waftib, island, XXI. 705.
Wageeo, island, XXI. 705.
Wagers, law of, X. 312.
Wages, VII. 394 ; XVIII. 287, 298—in
Dumbartonshire, VIII. 259 ; Greece,
X. 732; Rome, XIX. 436; Switzer¬
land, XXL 50 ; the United States,
461—acts regulating, VII. 335, n.—
their increase reduces the profit of
stock, 345—effect of high price of
provisions on, ib.—wages in 1770,
1811, and 1832, 346—pernicious ef¬
fects of paying wages out of poor-rates,
VIH. 791—effect of their fluctuation
on value, XVIII. 294—effects of their
rise on labourers, 416—taxes on, XXI.
104—variations in the natural rate
of, ib.—supply of labour not speedily
accommodated to those variations,
ib.—advantages of a rise of, 105—
disadvantages of a fall, ib.—raised by
taxes on raw produce, 115—of wool¬
len-manufacturers, 936.
Waggon, XXI. 705—agricultural, II.
269—for collieries, VII. 81.
Wagler (Dr), on birds, XVI. 553,
Wagnagur, Hindu town, XXL 705.
Wagnerte, specific gravity of, XII. 37.
Wagram, battle of, X. 152.
Wagtail, bird, XVI. 576.
Wagur, in Hindustan, XXL 705.
Wahabis, III. 343 ; VIII. 499, n. 2;
500, 501; XXL 64.
Wahi, Hindu town, XXI. 705.
Wahlenberg on arctic plants, XVII. 546.
Waifs, in law, XXI. 705.
Waigatz, island, XXL 705.
 (Straits of), XXI. 706.
Wailes (Mr), on entomology, IX. 106.
WAinfleet, in Lincoln, XXI. 706.
Wainscot, in joinery, XXI. 706.
Waitemata, in New Zealand, XXL 983.
Waits, XXL 822.
Wake of a ship, XXL 706.
Wakefield, town in Yorkshire, XXI.
700—battle of, VIII. 735.
  (Edward Gibbon), on coloniza¬
tion, XXI 976.
 (Gilbert), XXL 706 — Her¬
mann’s character of, VII. 546, n. 7.
  (Mr), on the Irish corn-laws,
VII. 344—on the effects of the cot¬
tage-system in Ireland, 390.
Wakes, XXI. 708.
Walachia, XXI. 709 — language of,
XIII. 88 — weights and measures of,
XXI. 856.
Walachians in Greece, X. 738.
Walaja, Hindu town, XXI. 710.
Walby’s travels, XX. 712.
Walcheren, Dutch island, XXI. 710—
British expedition to, V. 528.
Walckiere de St Amand, his electrical
machine, VIII. 643.
Waldai, in Russia, XXL 710.
Waldeck, in Germany, XXL 710.
Waldegrave Islands, XXI. 711.
Waldenses, or Valdenses, XXI. 539,
547 ; II 382.
WAL
Waldo (Peter), XXL 545.
Waldoborough, in Maine, XIV. 44.
Waldstatten See, XXI. 46.
Wales, XXI. 711—extent of the acre
in, II. 127—horses of, 317—cattle,
324—invaded by Egbert, VIII. 702—
conquered by Edward the First, 725
— Owen Glendower’s insurrections,
732—population, 798—fisheries, IX.
604—inoculation for the small-pox,
XII. 283—iron-making, XII. 431,
441; XX. 409—iron, XV. 246—Cal-
vinistic methodists, XIV. 754—coal,
XV. 244—Welsh language, V. 295;
XIII. 87; XVII. 378, 414—bibles,
IV. 619. See Denbighshire, &c.
 (Prince of), XI. 256 $ XIX. 514.
   (New South). See New.
Walker on the revival of the drama in
Italy, VIII. 153, 158.
  (James), on the best form of
carriage-wheels, XIV. 440.
  (Dr), his observations on the
sap of plants, XXI. 571.
Walker’s rope-machine, XIX, 467.
Walking, act of, XVII. 617—muscles
employed in, II. 797.
Walkj, in Russia, XXI. 722,
Wallace (Sir William), XXI. 722;
XL 234 ; XIX. 709.
  (Prof.), his expression for the
reciprocal of an arc, II. 498—his
eidograph, XVII. 1.
  (Mr), his character of Hector
Boyce, V. 160.
Wallachia. See Walachia.
Wallenstein (General), XXI. 19.
Waller (Edmund), XXL 723—poetry
of, XVIII. 170.
 (Sir William), V. 352.
Wallerius, IV. 583.
Wallerstadt, lake of, XXI. 46.
Wallich (Dr), his botanical labours in
India, &c., V. 77, n. 2.
Wallingford, in Berks, XXI. 726.
Wallington, in Surrey, XXI. 726.
Wallis (John), XXI. 726 ; I. 589;
XIV. 318—his Arithmetic of Infinites,
I. 518 ; IX. 632—was the first who
founded a system of statics on the
equality of the opposite momenta, I.
535—on conic sections, VII. 219—on
mechanics, XIV. 351—on the quad¬
rature of the circle, XX. 555.
 (Captain), his visit to Otaheite,
XVIII. 325.
Wallis’s Island, XXL 727.
Walls, pressure against, XIV. 294—re¬
sistance of, 295—construction of, 296.
See Building.
Wallsend, English village, XXI. 727.
Wallubghur, XXL 727.
Wally, XX. 94.
Walmer, village in Kent, XXL 727.
Walmesley completed the Newtonian
theory of the moon, I. 664—sketch of
his life, ib.
Walnut-tree, XVII. 789—culture of, XL
650.
Walnut-peels, a dye-stuff, VIII. 331.
Walpole (Horace), XXI. 728—Wal-
poliana, or literary conversation of,
II. 676—-patronised pointed architec¬
ture, III. 431—his Mysterious Mother,
VIII. 176,275, n. 4—on gardening, X.
318, et seq.—on ancient MSS., XIII.
288—romances of, XIX. 342—his so¬
licitation for Theodore, XXL 201.
 — (Sir Robert), XXL 727—his
plan for lessening the national debt,
V. 377—his excise-scheme, 378; XXI.
98—his resignation, V. 379.
Walrus, XIV. 125—its tusks, XII. 490
—structure, XVII. 705.
Walsall, in Staffordshire, XXI. 729—
manufactures of, XX. 558.
Walsh (William), critic, XXI. 729.
 (Mr), on the Bulgarians, V.
701.
   (Mr), on the electricity of the
torpedo, I. 622 ; VIII. 610, and gym-
notus electricus, 612.
Walsham (North), XXI. 730.
WAL—WAR
Walsingham, a market-town in Nor¬
folk, XXL 730, 915.
 (Sir Francis), XXL 730.
 (Thomas), XXI. 730.
Waltham, in Massachusetts, XIV. 305.
 Abbey, in Essex, XXL 730.
Walthamstow, in Essex, XXI. 730.
Walther, astronomer. III. 736.
Walton (Isaac), XXI. 730—on angling,
III. 135, 138, 142, 147-8-editions of
his Complete Angler, 149.
 (Bryan), XXI. 731—his Poly¬
glot! Bible, IV. 623.
Walton-on-Thames, XXL 732.
Waluru, Hindu town, XXL 732.
Wamar, island, XXI. 732.
Wamba, king of the Goths, XX. 493,
Wanderou, in zoology, XIV. 93.
Wandia, Hindu town, XXI. 732.
Wandicotta, XXI. 732 ; X. 313.
Wandipoor, XXL 732.
Wandiwash, XXI. 732.
Wandle, river, XX. 847.
Wandsworth, in Surrey, XXI. 732.
Wankanepr, Hindu town, XXL 732.
Wanlockhead, in Dumfriesshire, XXI.
732—lead mines of, VIII. 262.
Wanny, in Ceylon, XXI. 732.
Wanstead, in Essex, XXI. 732.
Wantage, in Berkshire, XXL 732.
Wapentake, XXI. 733.
Wapiti, in zoology, XIV. 159.
War, XXL 733—use of balloons in, II.
191, 195—among the North Ameri¬
can Indians, 621—history of, III. 579
— effects of the invention of gun¬
powder on, VI. 614—chivalry impair¬
ed by the civil wars in France and
England, 614 — colonies a grand
source of, VII. 123—power of govern¬
ments strengthened by, 124—effect
of war-expenditure on price of com¬
modities and income of individuals,
161—bad effects of, 166—pernicious
to trade, 168, 169, 172—attack in
column, IX. 712, n.—rights of nations
in time of, XIII. 139—What is requi¬
site to make a war just ? 140—What
are just modes of carrying it on ? ib.
—Machiavelli on the art of, 646—
royal prerogative of making, XVIII,
521—wars of ants, III. 243 ; of bees,
IV. 530. See Army, Tactics, Pelopon¬
nesian War, Thirty Years’ War, &c.
War-horse, XI. 592.
War-taxes, X. 254.
Warankul, Hindu city, XXI. 770,
Wararsdin, in Austria, XXI. 770.
Warbeck (Perkin), VIII. 741—his pro¬
ceedings in Ireland, XII. 361—his
visit to Scotland, XIX. 718.'
Warbler, bird, XVI. 576.
Warblers in the horse, XXL 637.
Warburton (William), XXI. 770; XX.
813 — his opinion, of Malebranche’s
talents, I. 80—his" hostility to Dr
Clarke, 146—Bowyer’s controversy
with, V. 157—on the Jewish igno¬
rance of a future state, VI. 626—on
iEneas’s descent to hell, X. 508—on
hieroglyphics, XI. 302—his connec¬
tion with Hurd, XI. 758-9—on logic,
XIII. 459—on mysteries, XV. 658—
on ancient punctuation, XVIII. 730—
his theory of sacrifice, XIX. 602—-
on the Lord’s Supper, XX. 818—his
attack on Dr Taylor, XXI. 128—on
eternal rewards and punishments, 213
—his work on Grace, 859.
Ward, XXI. 773.
  (Seth), XXI. 773—asti’onomi-
cal system of, I 495.
——— (Henry), his equation-clock, VI.
783—his pendulum, XVII. 214.
 (Mr), on Mexican agriculture,
XIV. 802—on the Mexican mines,
XV. 260.
Warden, XXI. 773.
Wardlaw (Henry), XXI, 508.
Wardrobe, XXI. 773.
Wardship, in chivalry, XXI. 774.
Ware, in Hertfordshire, XXI. 774.
Waree, island, IV. 572.
160
INDEX,
WAR—WAT
"Wareham, in Dorsetshire, XXI. 774.
Warehousing-system, XXI. 98.
Wargentin, astronomical labours of,
III. 746—on the rate of mortality in
Sweden, XV. 516.
Waring (Edward), I. 596 ; XIV. 323.
Warkworth, XXI. 774.
Warltire (Mr), on the chemical influ¬
ence of electricity, VIII. 628.
Warming, XXI. 774 — of hot-houses,
XI. 653—by steam, XX. 604-5—of
baths, 607 —of houses, XXI. 597.
See Stove.
Warminster, in Wilts, XXI. 776.
Warnawin, in Russia, XXI. 776.
Warp, XXI. 777,824.
Warping, fertilization of land by, II. 305.
 , in river navigation, XVI. 35.
Warran, XVI. 517.
Warrant, XXI. 777.
Warranty, in law, XXI. 777.
War re, in Benin, XVI. 223.
Warree, in Hindustan, XXI. 777.
Warren, XXI. 777; XX. 301, «.
 (Sir J. B.), V. 538.
Warrington, XXI. 777.
Warrior, Hindu town, XXI. 777.
Warsaw, XXI. 777—libraries in, XIII.
315—prison of, XVIII. 584—taken
by Charles XII., XXI. 22 — grand
duchy of, XVIII. 207.
Wartha, river, XIX. 566.
Warton (Joseph), XXI. 778—his charge
of plagiarism against Dr Conyers
Middleton, IV. 553.
   (Thomas), XXI. 779—on the
scarcity and value of books in the
middle ages, IV. 774—on Rowley’s
Poems, VI. 336—on Dunbar’s poetry,
VIII. 271.
Warts on the domestic animals, treat¬
ment of, XXI. 637.
Warwick, English town, XXI. 781—
Birmingham Canal, XVI. 21—Nap-
ton Canal, ib.
 (Earl of). See Dudley (Sir R.).
Warwickshire, XXI. 782.
Warye, Hindu town, XXI. 783.
Wasa, in Finland, XXI. 783.
Wash, in distilling, XXI. 783.
Washing-machine, XIV. 41.
Washington, American city, XXI. 783 ;
XIV. 274—captured by the British in
1814, V. 538.
   —, in Kentucky, XII. 698.
 (George), XXI. 783. See Ame¬
rican War.
* (Lieut.), his account of Morocco,
XV. 503.
 (Mount), XVI. 163.
Wasil, in Russia, XXI. 784.
Wasilkow, in Russia, XXI. 784.
Wasps, IX. 231—Dr Anderson’s propos¬
ed method of destroying, III. 113—
endeavour to bite and sting after de¬
capitation, 164—hostile to the bee,
IV. 533—instincts of, XII. 297—their
sting poisonous, XIV. 507.
Wassah, Hindu town, XXI. 784.
Wassota, Hindu fortress, XXI. 784.
Waste-Book, IV. 717, 789.
Wastes, their reduction to cultivation,
II. 312. See Bogs.
Watch, VI. 786 5 XI. 565—striking me¬
chanism of, VI. 781—fusee of, XIV.
365—improvements on, XIII. 558—
lever and repeating watches, VI. 795
—Mr Atwood on balances, IV. 188—
watchmaking in the cantons of Neu-
chatel and Geneva, XXI. 49.
Watchet, in Somerset, XXI. 784.
Watching (night), XVI. 223.
Watechoo, island, XXI. 784.
Water, XXI. 784—compressibility of,
1.607; II. 114; VI. 104; XII. 9—
transmission of sound by, II. Ill,
114—celerity of sound through, 114
—eruption of, from Mount iEtna,
206—scarce in Arabia, III. 324, et
seq.—temperature of boiling water ap¬
plied to the measurement of heights,
IV. 401—discovery of composition of,
VI. 262 ; VIII. 629 ; XXI. 818—che-
WAT
mical character of, VI. 363, 437—
modes of cooling it, VII. 58, et seq.—
congelation of, 61; XI. 189—artificial
congelation, 191, 196; VII. 62, 504 ;
XIII. 247—loses its air in the act of
freezing, VII. 61—Dr Wollaston’s ex¬
periments and electrical apparatus
for the decomposition of, VIII. 630
—embankments against, 676; XVII.
525; XII. 15 ; XIX. 284—alimentary
qualities of, VIII. 20—difficulty of
breathing caused by pressure of, 60
■—in gardening, X. 323, 326—heating
hot-houses, dwellings, &c., with, XI.
654 ; XXI. 774—mechanical powers
and properties of, XII. 1—pressure
and equilibrium of, 10—specific gra¬
vity of sea and other waters, 37—
water in motion, 51—jets of, 58, 66
—machines for raising, 96—machines
in which it is the chief agent, 106—
traffic in water in Lombardy, XIII.
471—London water-companies, 507
—importance of supply of potable
water, XIV. 511—fresh and sea water,
in mineralogy, XV. 137—economy of,
in canals, XVI. 33—ordeal by, 519—
distribution of land and water on the
globe, XVII. 499, 516—ebullition of,
in air-pump, XVIII. 87 — air com¬
bined with, 97—motion of, in pipes,
110—why rendered scarce by frost,
121—stowage of, in ships, XX. 56—
necessary to vegetation, XXI. 571—
decomposed by galvanism, 678—holy
water, 784. See Aqueduct, Deluge,
Evaporation, Filter, Fluids, Hydrau¬
lics, Hydrodynamics, Hydrostatics,
Irrigation, Mineral Waters, Pipes,
Pump, Resistance of Fluids, Sea, Ri¬
ver, River-Water, Spring, Steam, Wa¬
ter-works, Wave.
Water in the head and chest. See Hy¬
drocephalus, Hydrothorax.
Water-clock, VI. 738 ; VII. 524 ; XII.
57, 108—Amontons on the, II. 664.
Water-colours, drawing in, VIII. 184.
Waterfalls, XVII. 525—in Cardigan¬
shire, VI. 137—fall of Niagara, 59;
XVI. 199; XVII. 522, 524, 525—
of Tequendama, 525 ; III. 118; IV.
732.
Water-gauges of boilers, XX. 679.
Water-hens, XVI. 626, 627.
Water-ouzel, bird, XVI. 573.
Water-rail, bird, XVI. 627.
Water-Spout, XXL 784 ; XVII. 542
—electrical origin of, VIII. 622—the¬
ory of, XII. 135.
Water-ways of a ship, XX. 284, 294.
Water-wheels, XII. 82; XXL 799, 807;
XIV. 349—mode of fixing the arms
of, 809.
Water-works, XXI. 785—Crawley,
VIII. 427—Greenock, X. 764—Lon¬
don, XIII. 508. See Aqueduct, Hy¬
draulics, Pipes.
Waterford, Irish county, XXI. 809.
 , city, XXI. 812—besieged by
Cromwell, XII. 371.
Watering-places. See Mineral Springs.
Watereand, island, XXI. 813.
  (Daniel), XXI. 813—on the
Athanasian creed, IV. 113.
Waterlandians, XIV. 561.
Waterloo, XXI. 813 —battle of, V.
540 ; XVI. 128; XXL 751—illustra¬
tive plan, ib.—conduct of the British
infantry at battle, III. 622.
Waterloo-bridge, in London, V. 281;
XIII. 511 ; XIX. 122.
Waterton on the armadillo, XIV. 143—
on birds, XVI. 552, 570, 579.
Watford, town in Herts, XXI. 813.
Watkins (Francis), on electro-magnet¬
ism, XIII. 762—his electro-magnetic
apparatus, XXL 684, 686—his ther¬
mo-electric pile, 699.
Watling Street, IV. 586 ; XXL 821.
Watlington, XXI. 813.
Watson (Geo.), his Hospital, VIII. 425.
 (John), his Hospital, VIII. 425.
 (Dr Joseph), on the education of
WAT—WEB
the deaf and dumb, VII. 647, 649,
653, et seq.
Watson (Mr),on bone-manure, II. 302.
 (Richard), XXI. 813.
 (Robert), historian, XXI. 813.
  (Sir William), on electricity,
VIII 568.
Watt (James), XXL 815; X. 554—in¬
troduced into Britain the use of chlo¬
rine in bleaching, IV. 679, 680, 681
—his connexion with Mr Boulton, V.
148—on the application of the steam-
engine to cotton-spinning, VII. 404—
on heat, XI. 191—on the steam-en¬
gine, XX. 570—his experiments on
the elastic force of steam, 580—on
latent heat, 601—his history of his
improvements upon the steam - en¬
gine, 632-5—illustrations and details
of those improvements, 635 — his
pumping-engine of 1768, 637—his en¬
gine of revolution, 639—his own ac¬
count of it, 640—his description of
the Albion Mill engines, 641—no ma¬
terial improvement of the steam-en¬
gine subsequently to, 642—his paral¬
lel motion, 657.
 (R-), prosecution of, V. 476.
 (Dr Robt.), on the mortality of
children, XV. 525.
Wattle-bird, XVI. 585.
Watts (Isaac), XXL 821.
Wauchope (General), VIII. 497.
Wahfgorm, Hindu town, XXI. 821.
Waugdr, in Hindustan, XXI. 821.
Waujpore, Hindu town, XXI. 821.
Waussim, Hindu town, XXI. 821.
Waves of the sea, XXI. 821 ; XVII.
516—oscillation of waves, XII. 3, 4,6,
81; XVIII. 120—velocity of the tide-
wave, XV. 178.
 (aerial), XVIII. 120. See Acous¬
tics, Atmosphere.
Wavellite, Sir H. Davy on, VII. OSS-
specific gravity of, XII. 37.
Waveney, river, XVI. 245—its naviga¬
tion, XVI. 21.
Wawa, in Africa, II. 238.
Wawul, Hindu village, XXI. 821.
Wax of bees, XXL 821; IV. 520—of
the ear, II. 801—bleaching of, IV.
692—painting in, VIII. 694 —produced
by insects, IX. 207—specific gravity
of, XII. 37—Mexican, XIV. 801—
wax-candles, VI. 77—sea-wax, 444—
sealing wax, XXI. 821.
Wax-wing, bird, XVI. 570.
Way, XXI. 821. See Roads.
Wayghtes, XXI. 822.
Waygiou, XXL 705.
Wayte, island, XXL 822.
Waywode, XXL 822.
Wealth defined, XVIII. 259—produc¬
tion of, 272—distribution of, 286—
consumption of, 303—love of, XV.
468. See Avarice.
Wear river navigation, XVI. 21.
Wearmouth, iron bridge at, V. 279. See
Monkwearmouth.
Weart Bay, XXL 822.
Weasel, one of the mammalia, XIV. 109
—stimcture of, XVII. 704.
Weather, XXI. 822—cycles of, XIV.
718—moon’s influence on, 717 ; XV.
442—its effect on the human body,
XVII. 598. See Climate, Meteoro¬
logy, Rain, Temperature, &c.
Weather - glass, IV. 389 ; XII. 132 ;
XIV. 721 ; XVIII. 73. See Baro¬
meter.
Weather-house, XII. 111. See Hygro¬
meter.
Weatherby’s Stud-Book, XI. 580.
Weaver, river in Cheshire, VI. 509—its
navigation, XVI. 21.
Weavers, health of, XIV. 510—hand-
loom, X. 558.
Weaving, XXI. 823—in Switzerland,
49—of tapestry, 78—of wool, 933.
See Cotton-manufacture, Design, Silk-
manufacture, W oollen-manufacture.
Weavish (Ben), mountain, XIX. 485.
Web of cloth, XXL 832.
WEB—WEM
Web-footed birds, XVI. 628.
Webb (Capt.), on the Himalaya Moun¬
tains, XI. 370.
Weber (Carl Maria Von), XXL 832.
 (Mons.), on waves, XII. 7.
 (Prof.),on cutaneous sensibility,
XVII. 661.
Webster (Dr Alexander), XXI. 834.
Weckerus on ink, XII. 281.
Wedemsyer on the capillaries, II. 725.
Wedge, in mechanics, XIV. 367, 454.
 Island, XXI. 834.
Wedging, in .carpentry, V. 684.
Wedgwood (Josiah), XVIII. 501; XE.
558—his pyrometer, I. 647 ; XVIII.
750—importance of his inventions in
pottery, V. 429.
Wedmore, in Somerset, XXI. 834.
Wednesbury, in Stafford, XXI. 834—
manufactures of, XX. 558.
Wednesday, XXL 834—origin of the
word, XVIII. 337—Ash-Wednesday,
XXI. 834.
Weed, disease of horses, XXI. 632.
Week, XXL 834 ; VI. 3; XIX. 596—
Passion-Week, XXI. 834.
Weere, in Hindustan, XXI. 834.
Weever, fish, XII. 170.
Weevil, victualling-establishments at,
VIII. 85.
Weighing-Machines, XXL 834. See
Balance.
Weight, XXI. 840 ; XIV. 356—of hu¬
man body, II. 758—gross and nett,
III. 555—effect of air on, XVIII. 94.
See Gravity, Weights.
 , in phrenology, XVII. 464.
Weighton, in Yorkshire, XXI. 840.
Weights and Measures, XXI. 840—
Brazilian, V. 210—modern Egyptian,
VIII. 524—tables of, III. 544 ; XXL
846, 850—Beccaria’s plan of, IV. 506
—new system of, established by the
French Convention, X. 83—present
French, 193 ; XIII. 12 — Russian
weights, XIX. 564, n.—assay-weights,
III. 712—Dr Cumberland on Jewish
weights, VII. 540.
Weimar, German city, XXI. 856—Na¬
poleon at, X. 601.
Weirs in rivers, XIX. 285.
Weisk, in Russia, XXI. 856.
Weiss’s speculum, XX. 822, n.
Weissemburg, a blind man, IV. 701.
Weissenstein, in Russia, XXI. 856.
Weitbrecht, his experiments on capillary
attraction, XII. 40.
Weld, II. 295; VIII. 319.
Welding of iron, VI. 403.
Weldon, in Northampton, XXI. 856.
Welikijo-Luki, in Russia, XXI. 856.
Welish, in Russia, XXI. 856.
Welks, XV. 373.
Well, XXI. 857—of a ship, ib.
Well-sinkers, diseases of, XIV. 510.
Welland Canal, VI. 64 ; XVI. 27.
 , English river, XVI. 251—navi¬
gation of, 21.
Welles, Sir Robert, VIII. 736.
Wellesley (Marquis of), V. 527—his ad¬
ministration in India, XI. 432—his
character of Mr Pitt, XVII. 7 68.
Wellesley’s Islands, XXI. 857.
Wellingborough, XXI. 857.
Wellington, English town, XXI. 857.
 (Arthur, Duke of), his Spanish
campaigns and tactics, V. 525, et seq.;
XXI. 739—his conferences with Can¬
ning about the formation of a minis¬
try, 569—his opposition to Canning’s
corn-bill, 571—his administration, ib.
—his conduct relative to Catholic
emancipation, 574 — his declaration
against parliamentary reform, 580—
his resignation as premier,, 581—his
operations in India, XI. 435.
Wells, English towns, XXI. 857.
■ (Dr), on dew, VII. 753; XI.
185; XVII. 537.
Welshpool, XXI. 857.
Welter (Monsieur), his indigo-test in
bleaching, IV. 685.
Wem, town in Shropshire, XXI. 857.
INDEX,
161
WEM—WHA
Wemtss (Easter and Wester), XXI. 857.
Wenck on the Theodosian Code, VI. 716.
Wenden, in Livonia, XXI. 857.
Wendoveb, town in Bucks, XXI. 858.
Wenew, in It issia, XXI. 858.
Wenlock, in Shropshire, XXI. 858.
Wenner, lake, XXI. 29.
Wentworth (Thomas), Earl of Strafford,
V. 314 ; XI. 249, w. 6—impeachment
of, V. 317—his government of Ire¬
land, XII. 367, 403.
Wentzel, his experiments and work on
the analysis of salts, VI. 352.
Wenzels on the human brain, II. 736 ;
XVII. 660, ,
Weobly, in Herefordshire, XXI. 858.
Wepfer’s anatomical researches, II. 699.
Webad, Hindu town, XXI. 835.
Werben, battle of, XXI. 18.
Webchne-Dniapeowsk, XXI. 858.
Webeja, in Russia, XXI. 858.
Werk, siege of castle of, V. 627.
Werner (John), mathematician/ I. 436 ;
III. 737 ; X. 430.
 , geologist, XV. 188.
   , Swedish lake, XXL 388-9.
  (Monsieur), his Ornithological
Atlas, XVI. 552.
Wernerite, in mineralogy, ^V. T53.
Webnigebode, XXI. 858.
Webbeab, in Hindustan, XXI. 85$.
Werturian Ms. See Ural Mountains.
Wesel Bay, in Java, XXI. 858.
Wesenberg, in Russia, XXI. 858.
Weser, X. 483} XI. 137; XVIII. 690.
Wesley (John), XXI. 858.
Wesleyan Methodists, XIV. 751.
Wesling (John), the first delineator of
the lacteals, II. 698.
Wessel’s Islands, XXI. 859.
Wessex, VIII. 701.
West, XXL 859.
 (Benj.), character of his pictures,
III.'656; XVI. 726, 727.
 (Gilbert), XXL 859.
West India Docks, London, VIII. 75.
West Indies, II. 648—attempts to trans¬
plant the bread-fruit into, V. 212—
British colonies in, VII. 124—exports
from Britain to, 161—Danish colo¬
nies in, 728—Edwards’s History of,
VIII. 452—sugar-cane of, XX. 791
-—weights and measures of, XXI. 856
—map of, PI. 501. See Slavery, Cuba,
Domingo (St), Jamaica, &c.
West Island, XXI. 860.
West-Bromwich, in Stafford, XXI.860.
Westbuby, in Wilts, XXI. 860.
—-— Circle, IV. 109.
Westebas, in Sweden, XXI. 860.
Westerham, town in Kent, XXI. 860.
Western Port, XXI. 864.
Westmacott, sculptor, XX. 10.
Westmeath, Irish county, XXI. 860.
Westminster, XXL 863—the Dooms-
day-Book kept at, VIII. 100—abbey,
III. 428, 463; XIII. 521—bridge, V.
'270, 271 ; XIII. 511.
  Hall, XIII. 528—architecture
of, III. 457, 475—timber of its roof,
VIII. 233.
Westmoreland, XXI. 864.
Weston (Sir Richard), on agriculture,
II. 257.
Westphalia, XVIII. 688—treaty of, IV.
220; XI. 523; XVI. 119 ; XVIII. 671.
Westport, Irish town, XXI. 864.
Westray, island, XXI. 864.
Westwood’s spring-barrel, VI. 800.
Wetluga, in Russia, XXI. 864.
Wetstein (John James), XXI. 865—
on the Greek accents, II. 84.
Wetter, isle, XXI. 865—lake, 29.
Wetteren, town in the Netherlands,
XXL 865.
Wexford, Irish county, XXI. 865.
Wey river navigation, XVI. 21—Wey
and Arun Junction Canal, ib.
Weymouth, VIII. 119,
  (Geo.), voyage of, XVIII. 218.
Weybe, Hindu town, XXI. 868.
Whale, XIV. 182—ambergris found in.
II. 693—its eye, III. 22—its struc-
WITA—Will
ture, XVII. 710—whales in the Bal¬
tic, IV. 326—of Greenland, X. 759.
Whalebone, XVII. 710.
Whale-fishery, IX. 607—of Brazil, V
209—England, VIII. 770—France.
X. 198—Lapland, XIII. Ill—New
South Wales, XXI. 720.
Whale-lice, VII. 502.
Whampoa, Chinese port, XXL 868.
Wharton (Philip, duke of), English
nobleman, XXI. 868, 967.
 (Tho.), on the glands, II. 699.
Whately (Archb.), on logic, XIII. 461
—on punishment, XVIII. 734—on
rhetoric, XIX. 200, et seq.
Wheat, IV. 295—culture of, II. 260,
280; in Chili, VI. 531 ; in Lom¬
bardy, XIII. 481—varieties of, II. 280
—diseases, 281—albumen, III. 75—
germination, 7 6—peculiarity of struc¬
ture, 77—productiveness, 78—ovu-
lum, 100—constituents, IV. 297—
laws for regulating the price of bread
by its price, 300—brewing from, V.
231—gluten of, VI. 478 — quantity
annually exported and imported, from
1697 to 1800, VII. 358—of Odessa,
XVI. 322. See Corn-Laws.
Wheat-ear, bird, XVI. 575.
Wheatly on gardening, X. 324, et seq.
Wheatstone (Mr), on voice, XVII. 683
—his electric telegraph, XXI. 138,
689—his electro-magnetic clock, ib.
—on thermo-electricity, 699.
Wheels, XXL 869—teeth of, XIV.
352, 420 ; VI. 53—of carts, II. 269—
of clocks and watches, VI. 777, et seq.
—for raising water, XII. 102 ; XVIII.
707—bevelled, XIV. 423—crown, 424
—of carriages, 439—Aristotle’s, XIX.
489 — Bramah’s patent wheel, V.
183—fly-wheel, XIV. 418; XX. 653
—water-wheels, XII. 82 ; XXI. 799,
807 ; XIV. 349—paddle-wheels, XX.
686, 704—wheel and axle, XIV. 364
—punishment of the wheel, XXI.
869.
Wheel-barometer, IV. 390.
Wheel-carriages. See Carriages.
Wheel-ploughs, II. 266.
Wheeler (Sir George), XXL 869.
  and Gray, their discovery of
electrical conductors and non-conduc¬
tors, 544.
Wherry, IV. 722.
Whewell (Prof.), on colours XVI. 403
—on the absorption of light, 493—
his anemometer, XVII. 539—on the
tides, XXI. 274, et seq.
Whey, VI. 498—sp. gr, of, XII. 37.
Whey-butter, VII. 592.
Whichcot (Dr), Shaftesbury’s admira¬
tion of his sermons, VII. 306.
Whidah, XXL 870 ; XL 30.
Whidbey’s Isles, XXI. 870.
Whidby (Mr), his plan for he Ply¬
mouth breakwater, V. 220.
Whiff, fish, XII. 220,
Whigs, XXI. 338—origin of, V. 308-
origin of the name, 349.
Whimbrel, bird, XVI. 622.
Wiiin-dykes in Ireland, XII. 393.
Whinchat, bird, XVI. 575.
Whinstone. See Trap.
Whipper-in, XI. 757.
Whipping, punishment of, XIV. 512—
of children at Sparta, VIII. 3 , XX.
530.
Whirlpool, XXL 870 ; XVII. 517.
Whirlwind, XXI. 870 ; XIV. 728 ;
XVII. 541.
Whiskers, IV. 473.
Whisky, XXI. 870—manufacture of,
VIII. 44—smuggled, 46. See Spirits.
Whist, game of, XXL 870.
Whistle (steam), XX. 683.
Whiston (William), XXI. 870—on (he
Canticles, VI. 100—on Dr Clarke,
728, 729, 730—on the Mosaic ac¬
count of the Creation, VII. 456—on
the Deluge, VII. 699.
 and Ditton’s method of finding
the longitude, XIII. 559.
WHI—WIL
Whitaker (John), XXL 870 XX.
783—on the history of King Arthur,
III. 631—on bullae, V. 702.
Whitbread (Mr), on the expediency of
peace with France in 1800, V. 492--
Lis resolutions about the navy, 520.
Whitburn, Scotch village, XXL 873.
Whitby, in Yorkshire, XXI. 873.
 — (Daniel), XXL 873.
Whitchurch, XXI. 874.
White, XXI. 874—varieties of, XV.
126, 127.
 (Richard), on the quadrature of
the circle, XX. 554.
   (Gilbert), of Selborne, on the
parental affection of brutes, V. 616—
on their sociality, ib., 617.
 Brethren, V. 228.
 Friars, XXI. 874.
 Island, XXI. 874.
 River, in Indiana, XII. 265.
 Sea, XXI. 874 ; XIX. 566.
White-bait, fish, XII. 215.
White’s pulley, XIV. 366.
White-throat, bird, XVI. 576.
Whiteboys, Irish, XII. 382.
Whitefield (George), XXI. 874—his
separation from Wesley, XIV. 753—
his visit to Scotland, XXI. 834.
Whitehall, in London, XIII. 543.
Whitehaven, in Cumberland, XXI.
876—coal-mines of, VII. 537.
Whitham, in Essex, XXI. 876.
Whithorn, in Wigtonshire, XXI. 876.
Whitehorne (P.), on gunpowder, XI. 77.
Whitehurst’s machine for raising water,
XII. 100.
Whitelavv (David), his scapement, VI.
775.
Whitelock (Bulstrode), II. 586.
 (General), V. 523; XVIII. 3.
Whiting, fish, XII. 218.
Whitstable, in Kent, XXI. 876.
Whitsun-Farthings, XXI. 877.
 — Island, XXI. 877.
Whitsunday, XXI. 877.
  Cape, XXL 877.
Whitsunday’s Passage, XXL 877.
Whitsuntide Bay, XXL 877.
Whittlesey, XXI. 877—mere, XL 753.
Whittlewood Forest, XVI. 251.
Whittling, fish, XII. 206.
Whitworth (Lord), his conversation with
Bonaparte, V. 513 ; X. 127—his ac¬
count of Bonaparte’s behaviour at the
Tuilleries, ib.; V. 515.
Whye, Hindu town, XXI. 877.
Whymea Bay, XXI. 877—Road, lb.
Whytatakee, island, XXI. 877.
Whytt (Robert), physician, XXL 877.
Wiasma, in Russia, XXL 878.
Wiburg, in Finland, XXI. 878
Wick, town in Caithness, XXI. 878 ;
V. 781—herring-fishery of, IX. 599,
601; XIX. 770.
Wicks of lamps, XIII. 41—^phenomena
of floating, XII. 46.
Wicket, XXI. 878.
Wickham (Mr), V, 479.
Wickliffe (John). See Wycliffe.
Wicklow, Irish county, XXL 878.
Wickwar, in Gloucester, XXI. 881.
Widdin, Turkish city, XXI. 881.
Wide, meanings of the word, VIII. 12,
Widgeon, bird, XVI. 634.
Widmanstadius’s Syriac Bible, IV, 616.
Wieland, XIX. 682—poetry of, XVIII.
167—^romances of, XIX. 356.
Wieliczka, Austrian city, XXI. 881.
Wierus, XXI. 907.
Wiesbaden, XXI, 881 ; XV. 737.
Wigan, in Lancashire, XXI. 881.
Wigton, in Cumberland, XXI. 885.
——77-, Scotch town, XXL 884.
Wigtonshire, XXI. 882.
Wight (Isle of), XXI. 881—Needles
in the, XVI, 76.
Wilberforce (William), XXL 885—
his opposition to the slave-trade, V.
449, 454, 459, 461 ; XX. 385.
 Cape, XXI, 885.
Wilcke of Stockholm, his experiments
on the distribution of heat, I. 645—
WIL
on electricity, VIIL 603—his theory
of magnetism, XIII. 773.
Wildbad, springs at, XXL 946.
Wild-fire, IX. 586.
 , a disease of sheep, XXL 636.
Wild fowl shooting, XX. 307.
Wildmau (Mr), his hives, IV. 534.
Wileika, in Russia, XXI. 886.
Wilkes (John), XX. 427-8—prosecution
of, V. 388—elected member for Mid¬
dlesex, 391—Horne Tooke’s intimacy
with, XXI. 334.
  (Lieut.), his discovery of the
Terra Australis Incognita, XXI. 186.
Wilkie (Sir D.), painter, XVI. 727.
 (William), poet, XXI. 886.
Wilkins (David), on Coptic, XI. 313.
 (John), XXI. 886—on an uni¬
versal language and a real character,
I. 46 ; II. 545—his Coptic New Tes¬
tament, IV. 616.
Wilkinson on hieroglyphics, XL 316.
Will, XXI. 887—liberty and necessity
of the, XIV. 688 ; XX. 88 ; XVI. 69
—St Augustin’s and Descartes’s asser¬
tion of its freedom, I. 267—Karft’s
and Galiani’s arguments for the same
view, 196-7—Aristotle on its freedom,
III. 524. See Necessity, Volition.
Will-o’-the-wisp, or ignis fatuus, XII.
245; XIII. 337; XVII. 542.
Willan (Dr Robert), on mortality in
London, XV. 521,
WlLLANMEZ’S ISLE, XXL 887.
Willdenow (Prof.), on thorns and ten¬
drils, III. 86—on botany, V. 81.
Wille, engraver, IX. 54.
William I. of England, his visit to Ed¬
ward the Confessor, VIIL 708—his
conquest of England, 709—reign of,
711-13—his submission to Aldred, II.
394—effect of his conquest on the
English language, IX. 30—his inva¬
sion of Scotland, XIX. 701—his fleet,
XX. 215.
 II. of England, Rufus, VIIL
714—Scotland invaded by, XIX. 701.
  III. of England—steps prelimi¬
nary to his invasion of England, V.
357 — his landing, 358 — appointed
king, 360—his favour towards the
dissenters, ib.; and Lord Stair, VII.
599—his expedition to Ireland, V.
363 ; XII. 377 ; VIII. 237—his con¬
tinental war, V. 367—his death, ib.
—   and Mary, reign of, V. 360—
scheme for raising money by a Ton¬
tine, III. 208—recoinage of silver,
VII, 37—act giving a bounty on the
exportation of corn, 336—state of the
coin, 337—navy, XVI. 42 ; XX. 226.
 IV., king of Britain, V, 579.
  the Lion, king of Scotland,
XIX. 706
 IL, king of Holland, XL 523;
XVI. 125, et seq.
 IV., landgrave of Hesse, a cul¬
tivator of astronomy. III. 738.
  — of Malmesbury, XXI. 887,
 of Nassau, Prince of Orange,
XL 511, et seq.', XVI. 106.
—    of Newbury, XXI. 887.
 — of Wykeham, XXL 887—his
college at Winchester, 892.
Williams (John), on an ascending thun¬
derbolt, VIII. 619—on the tides in
the Pacific, XXI. 281.
 (Colonel),employed in the Ord¬
nance Survey, XXL 354, 35,6.
 (Roger), XIX. 223.
  (Mr), his work on vitrified forts,
IX. 754,758.
Williamson (Dr), of Philadelphia, on the
gymnotus electricus, VIII. 612.
Williamson’s equation-clock, VI. 782.
Willet, bird, XVI. 625.
Willich (A. F, M,), quoted on Kant’s
philosophy, I. 191.
Willis (Thomas), XXL 887—bis im ¬
provements in anatomy, II. 699.
 (Dr), his success in curing insa¬
nity, XiV. 586.
—  (Mr), on the voice, XVII. 683.
162
INDEX
WIL—WIN
Willis (Professor), his letter-balance,
XXI. 839.
Willoughby Cape, XXI. 888.
 (Sir Hugh), his arctic voyage of
discovery, XVIII. 216.
Willow, XIX. 619 ; XVII. 784, 789—
used in basket-making, IV. 428—cul¬
tivation of, 429—its leaves used as a
dye-stuff, VIII. 321—specific gravity
of its wood, XII. 37.
Wills (General), V. 375.
Willughby (Francis), naturalist, XXI.
888—on fishes, XII. 152—on bix’ds,
XVI. 546, 634.
Willying-machine, XXI. 931.
Wilmot (John), Earl of Rochester,
XXI. 888—converted to Christianity
by Bishop Burnet, V. 723.
Wilna, in Russia, XXI. 888.
Wilson (Alex.), XXI. 889—on Ameri¬
can ornithology, XVI. 550, 562, 566,
572, 582, 625.
 (Benj.), on electricity, VIII. 571.
 (Captain), on Otaheite, XVIII.
325.
 (Dr), on the solar spots, III. 782.
 (Florence), XXI. 889.
  (George), Sir James Mackin¬
tosh’s character of, VIII. 265.
  (John), of Ainsworth, his im¬
provements in the cotton-manufac¬
ture, VII. 399.
 (DrP.), on hoar-frost, VII. 752.
 (Richard), English painter. III.
650 ; XVI. 726.
 (Thomas), bishop, XXI. 890.
Wilson’s Promontory, XXI. 890.
 hydrometric beads, XII. 24.
 — hygrometer, XII. 114.
Wilton, XXI. 890—carpets, VI. 172.
Wiltshire, XXI. 890—sheep of, II.
329—Stonehenge, II. 603 ; III. 408 ;
VIII. 207 ; XII. 619, 707 ; XX. 737.
 and Berks canal, XVI. 21.
Wimbledon, in Surrey, XXI. 892.
Wimborn-Minster, XXI. 892.
Wincanton, in Somerset, XXI. 892.
Winchcombe, in Gloucester, XXI. 892.
Winchelsea, XXI. 892—Island, ib.
Winchester, XXI. 892; XI. 129.
Wind, XXI.893; XVII. 538—cause of,
XIV. 744—velocity of, 738, 742;
XVIII. 112—force of, XVII. 539;
XIV. 742—connexion of clouds with,
VII. 3—carriage driven by, XIV. 444
—effect of, on the barometer, 722;
on the speedof railway carriages,XIX.
45; on the velocity of sound, XX.
483; and on the sea’s level, XXI. 286
—sea and land breezes, III. 679; XIV.
745 ; XVII. 540 ; XVIII. 126 ; XX.
802—trade-winds, XIV. 746 ; XVII.
539—local winds, XIV. 746—causes
of the rain-wind, XII. 106. See At¬
mosphere, Meteorology, Monsoons,
Sirocco, &c.
Wind-sucking, a disease, XXL 623.
Windau, IV. 330.
Windermere, lake, XIII. 52 ; XXL 864
—fish in, III. 143, n., 144 ; XII. 209.
Windgage. See Anemometer.
Windgalls, XXI. 616.
Windham (Mr), his opposition to the
peace of Amiens, V, 506, 510—his act
for the improvement of the army, 520.
Windlass of a ship, XXI. 893.
Windmills, XIV. 350, 352, 432—Cou¬
lomb on, VII. 426—water-wheel re¬
sembling one, XXI. 808.
Windows, XXI. 893; III. 462 5 X. 564
— stained-glass, 565, 572 — lattice,
575 — sills of, V. 675—sashes, 689 —
shutters, 690—glazing, 694 ; X. 574.
Windpipe. See Trachea.
Windsor, town in Berkshire, XXI. 893
—Castle, IV. 586.
Windward, XXI. 893.
Wine-Making, XXI. 894.
Wines of Austria, IV. 231 ; Chili, VI.
532;France, X. 175;Georgia,&c., XIX.
589 ; Germany, X. 484 ; Greece, 727;
Italy, XII. 489 ; XIII. 482 ; Madeira,
671; Spain, XIV. 53; XX. 517; Wur-
WIN—WIT
temberg, XXI. 945—cooling of, VII.
58, 59, 61—low, in distillation, VIII.
51—imports of, into the United King¬
dom, 785—specific gravity of, XII.
37,38—clarification of, VI. 727—adul¬
teration of, XIV. 508—effects of the
increase and reduction of the duties
on, XXI. 122 — champagne, XIV.
255—port, XVI. 346—tokay, XXL
321—sweet oil of wine, VI. 439.
Winefred’s (St) well, at Holywell, XI.
535 ; XVII. 527.
Wingate (E-), on logarithms, XIII. 419.
Wingham, town in Kent, XXI. 903.
Wings ofinsects, IX. 73—ofbirds, XVI.
555; III. 12, 19.
Wing-transom, XX. 277.
Winkelmann (John), XXI. 903—on an¬
tiquities, III. 268—on the history of
art, XVI. 694, et seq.
Winkler (Professor), on electricity,
VIII. 568.
Winkoop’s Island, XXL 893.
Winnebago, lake, XVI. 256.
Winning of collieries, VII. 76, 81.
Winnipisiogee, lake, XVI. 163.
Winnowing-machine, II. 269. See Fan¬
ners.
Winslow, town in Bucks, XXL 903.
 (James B.), anatomical labours
of, II. 701—on fat, 716.
Winstanley, engineer, XX. 16.
Winter, season, XXI. 903.
 (Mr), on the protection of tur¬
nips from the fly, XII. 294.
 (De). See De Winter.
Winter-berry, XVII. 787.
Winterese, in botany, V. 95.
Winton (Andrew), prior of Lochleven,
XXL 903—quoted, VI. 94.
Wintringham on venous tissue, II. 720.
Wipers of stampers, XIV. 424.
Wire, XXI. 904—annealing of, III. 196
—fusion of, by electricity, VIII. 627
—Wollaston’s mode of making fine,
XV. 12 — its use in rigging and
bridges, XX. 56—bridge at Frey-
burg supported by cables of, XXI. 8
—zinc-wire flexible and tenacious, III.
197—brass-wire deprived of tenacity
by acid fumes or damp air, ib.
Wire-cartridges, XX. 305.
Wire-worm, IX. 140.
Wirksworth, XXI. 904.
Wisbeach, in Cambridgeshire, XXL
904—canal of, XVI. 16, 21.
Wisby, Swedish city, XXI. 904.
Wiscasset, in Maine, XIV. 44.
Wisconsin, a territory in North Ame¬
rica, XXI. 905.
Wisdom, XXI. 905. See Discretion.
Wiseman on surgery, XX. 829.
Wismar, in Germany, XXI.-905.
Wit, XXL 905 ; XVII. 464.
Witchcraft, XXL 907 ; III. 299, 301
—belief in, IV. 396, w.XX. 812-
diseases from, XIV. 9—burnings for,
490. See Necromancy.
Witebsk, in Russia, XXL 908-
Witena Mot, XXI. 908.
Witham river navigation, XVI. 21.
Withamite, specific gravity of, XII. 38
—optical properties of, XVI. 495.
Witherite, in mineralogy, XV. 143.
Withers of a horse, XXI. 908—fistula
of the, 616.
Witness, XXL 908—witnesses in Eng¬
lish courts, IX. 35. See Testimony.
Witney, in Oxfordshire, XXL 908.
Witsius (Herman), XXL 908.
Witt (John de), Dutch statesman, XXI.
909,176; VII. 753; 111.199; V. 334;
XL 524.
Wittenberg, in Prussia, XXI. 909.
Wittingen, wooden bridge at, VI. 292.
Wivelscombe, in Somerset, XXI. 909.
WiVENHOE.in Essex, XXL 909.
Wl adimir, or Vladimir, in Russia, XXL
909; XIX. 530.
Wladimirsko (Theodore), XXL 710.
Wlodzimirz, in Russia, XXL 910.
Woad, culture of, II. 295—colouring
matter of, VI. 485.
WO A—WOM
Woahoo, island, XXI. 910.
Woburn, XXL 910—Abbey, IV. 517.
Wodanium, specific gravity of, XII. 38.
Woden, XV. 683.
Wodeville (Anthony), XXI. 910.
Wodrow (Robert), XXL 910—manu¬
scripts of, XIII. 301.
Wodstock, English town, XXI. 912.
Woide on Coptic, XI. 314.
Wokingham, in Berks, XXI. 912.
Wolein, in Moravia, XXI. 912.
Wolf, or Wolfius (Christian), XXI. 912
—merits of, as a philosopher and
writer, I. 188—his futile attempts to
introduce his philosophy into France,
ib.—his speculations on heat, 642,162
—his Monumenta Typographic^, IV.
622—his theory of dreams, VIII. 188.
 —, in zoology, XIV. 115.
 on Homer, XL 542, 548.
Wolf’s eye, specific gravity of, XII. 38.
Wolfe (James), XXL 913 — Quebec
taken by, V. 385; VI. 69.
Wolfenbuttel, German city, XXL
913—library of, XIII. 314.
Wolfram, specific gravity of, XII. 38.
Wolfram-ore, XV. 161.
Wolga. See Volga.
Wollamai Cape, XXL 913.
Wollaston (Rev. F. J. H.), his appara¬
tus for determining heights by the
ebullition of water, XX. 575. J
  (William), XXI. 913 — on
prayer, XVIII. 505—on divine provi¬
dence, 665.
 (Rev. Dr), quoted on the solar
spots, III. 782.
 (William Hyde), XXI. 913—
his blowpipe, IV. 712—his camera
lucida, VI. 36—on the prismatic :spec-
trum, 633—his cryophorus, VII. 504
—his mode of hardening steel, 566—
on electrical light, VIII. 584—on the
oxidating and deoxidating powers of
electricity, 628—his experiments and
apparatus for the decomposition of
water,630—oninaudible sharp sounds,
IX. 79—on mirage, XIV. 750—his
mode of making fine wire, XV. 12—
his micrometers, 24, 26—his periseo-
pic doublet and sphere, 33—another
doublet, 35—on the illumination of
microscopic objects, 49 — on optics,
XVI. 364, 411, 414—his elementary
galvanic battery, XXI. 666—his gal¬
vanic experiments, 677.
Wolltonite, XV. 154.
Wologda, in Russia, XXI. 914.
WOLOKOLAMSK, XXI. 915.
Wolsey (Thomas), cardinal, XXL 915;
VIII. 743-5 — his encouragement of
Oxford University, XXI. 494.
Wolsingham, XXI. 915.
WOLTSCHANSK, XXL 915.
Wolverhampton, in Staffordshire,
XXI. 915—manufactures of, XX. 558.
Wolverine, XIV. 108 ; XVI. 264.
Womat Point, XXI. 916.
Womb, or uterus, II. 826 ; XVII. 689.
Wombat, in zoology, XIV. 129 ; XXI.
554.
Women of Afghanistan, II. 216; Al¬
bania, 379 ; Arabia, III. 336 ; ancient
Athens, XX. 437 ; Austria, IV. 236 ;
Ava, 243; Barbary, 263; Beloochis-
tan, 558 ; Bogota, 735; Bolivia, 754;
Buenos Ayres, V. 657; Bulgaria, 701;
Chili, VI. 536, 538; China, 587
Circassia, VIII. 528 ; Cochin-China,
VII. 13; Congo, 215; Crete, 465;
Dahomey, 587 ; Egypt, VIII. 528 ;
ancient Germany, VI. 596; X. 474;
ancient Greece, VIII. 148 ; modern
Greece, X. 742 ; Hindustan, XI. 404 ;
XX. 797 ; the Ionian Islands, XII.
344 ; Japan, 516 ; Java, 532 ; Ma¬
deira, XIII. 671; New Caledonia, IV.
214; New Holland, 209 ; New Zea¬
land, 215; the Sandwich Islands,
XVII. 320 ; Siam, XX. 322 ; Sinde,
365 ; Sparta, 528 ; Teflis, XXL 135
—among the North American Indians,
II. 620 ; Battas, IV. 451; Bazeegurs,
WON—WOO
469 ; savages, XIII. 576 ; Tunguses,
XXI. 402—introduction of women on
the stage, II. 133 ; VIII. 171-2; XXL
19 3—their pelvis larger than in males,
II. 768-9—their organs of generation,
825 ; XVII. 689—breasts, II. 827—
mortality less than of males, HI. 208
—castration of, VI. 236 — milk of,
499; XV. 74—baneful effects of in¬
discriminate intercourse with, in early
youth, VI. 596—considered in rela¬
tion to chivalry, 595, etseq.; 602, 615
■ effect of custom on the appreciation
of their beauty, VII. 560—-their cha¬
racter in the Greek drama, VIII. 148,
151 — qualities distinguishing them
from men, XIII. 577—dress of, XIV.
509—may kill in defence of chastity,
XX. 82—character of, 166—respect
paid to, in England and France, 177
—burning of, in India, 797—custom
in Tibet of one having several hus¬
bands, XXI. 257—peculiarity in the
physical conformation of Hottentot
women, II. 226—dancing-girls, VII.
615 ; of Egypt, II. 533 ; VIII. 529—
the Amazons, II. 588—size of heads
of new-born females, 758—weight of
female infants, ib.—bearded women,
III. 474—punishments of scolds, V.
185 ; VI. 229—concubinage, VII. 197
—cucking-stool, 527—Shakspeare’s fe¬
male characters, XX. 185. See Bride,
Chastity, Female, Marriage, Midwif¬
ery, Nursing, Polygamy, Pregnancy,
Prostitution, Rape, Seduction, Sex.”
Wonder, sentiment of, XVII. 465.
Wood, V. 33—structure of, III. 42, 61,
83—course of sap in, 50—growth of
83—of roots, 87—fossil, 274; XXL 916
—strength, VI. 152; of different lands
of, XX. 296,757,759,779—bridges of,
VI. 290—charcoal of different kinds
of, 325 — various senses in which the
word is used, VIII. 13— in garden¬
ing, X. 323—effect of "moisture on,
XII. Ill, 617 ; of dryness, ib.—table
shewing the modulus of torsion in
woods, XIV. 403—friction of woods
on woods, 409 ; and on metals, 410-
turning of, XXL 429—method of pre¬
paring green wood so that it will not
split in turning, 430—method of giv¬
ing an ebony black to, and of harden¬
ing, ib.—lignin, VI. 479. See Car¬
pentry, Joinery, Plantations, Timber,
Trees, Vegetable Physiology.
 (Anthony), XXL 916.
 — (Andrew), of Largo, XIX. 718.
 (Capt. John), exploratory voyage
of, XVIII. 219.
  (Robert), on the ruins of Baal-
bee, IV. 314.
Wood’s coinage in Ireland, XII. 380,411.
Wood-bugs, IX. 195.
Wood-cutters of Canada, VI. 62.
Wood-cuts, printing from, XVIII. 563.
Wood-engraving, XXL 916.r
Wood-pigeon shooting, XX. 307.
Woodah, island, XXL 918.
Woodbridge, in Suffolk, XXL 918.
Woodchester, XXL 918.
Woodcock, XVI. 622.
Woodcock-shooting, XX. 315.
Woodhouselee (Lord). See Tytler (A.F.).
Woodley (Mr), his ascent of Mont
Blanc, II. 562.
Woodpecker, bird, XVI. 594—tongue of
the, XVIL 712.
Woodstock, English town, XXL 912.
Woodstone, specific gravity of, XII. 38.
Woodville (Dr), on cow-pox, XXL 534.
Woodward (John), XXI. 918.
 (Capt.), his long fast, VIII. 22.
Woody Head, XXI. 918.
Woody Island, XXI. 918.
Wool, XXI. 919 ; XIV. 85,164-Cash-
mere, VI. 213-Greek, X. 731—Per¬
sian, XVIL 246—Scotch, II. 262—
of Tibet, XXI, 256—of merino sheep,
II. 330—bleaching of, IV. 690—act
prohibiting exportation of, V. 448—
Dr Young’s test of the fineness of.
INDEX,
163
WOO—WOT
VI. G40—dyes better than cotton and
linen, VIII. 298, 301—atomic consti¬
tuents of, ib.—structure of, ib.—felt¬
ing of, 299—fulling of, ib.—^importance
of, ib.—scouring of, ib.—dyeing of,
ib.—method of dyeing it red, 312 ;
yellow, 321 ; blue, 326 ; black, 329 ;
brown, 332, 337 ; green, 333; violet,
purple, &c., 335 ; orange, 337 ; gray,
&c., 337—imports of, into England,
772—Russian trade in, XIX. 569—
trade of N. S. Wales in, XXI. 720.
Woollen-Manufactures, XXI. 919—
of Ayrshire, IV. 259 — Derbyshire,
VII. 736—Devonshire, 746<—Dublin,
VIII. 247—England, 771—France,
X. 180—Germany, 489—Gloucester¬
shire, 586—Ireland, XII. 401—Ken¬
dal, XXI. 864—Scotland, XIX. 768
—Somersetshire, XX. 476—Tipper¬
ary, XXI. 315—Tyrone, 440—the
United States, 464—Wiltshire, 891
—Yorkshire, XIII. 161—table of ex¬
ports of woollen goods, VIII. 771—
calendering, VI. 20—card, VI. 135.
Woollen-mule, description of Smith’s
self-acting, XX. 545.
Wooler, a town in Northumberland,
XXL 938.
Wooli, XX. 94.
Woollet, his engravings, IX. 53.
Woolston (Thomas), XXI. 938—Simon
Brown’s defence of Christianity a-
gainst, V. 596.
Woolwich, XXL 938; XII. 696—Royal
Military Academy at, II. 7 8—testing
of cannon at, VI. 87—dockyard,VIII.
81—ropery, 82.
Wootton-Basset, XXL 939.
Wootton-under-Edge, XXL 939.
Wootz of India, VII. 566—its use in
cutlery, 565.
Worcester, XXL 940—battle of, V.
336—Worcester and Birmingham ca¬
nal, XVI. 21.
 (Marquis of). See Somerset.
Worcestershire, XXI. 939—Stafford¬
shire canal, XVI. 18.
Worde (Wynkyn de), printer, XVIII.
552—types of, XXI. 435.
Words, considered as the signs of ideas,
XIII. 434. See Language, Speech.
Wordsworth on fancy, XVIII. 142—cha¬
racter of his poetry, 173.
Worgaum, Hindu town, XXL 941.
Work, XXL 941.
Work-House, XXL 941; XVIII. 380.
Workington,in Cumberland, XXL 941
—coal-mines of, VII. 537.
Worksop, in Nottingham, XXL 941.
World, map of, X. PI. 262; on Merca¬
tor’s''projection, PL 263—chart of,
shewing magnetic curves, XIII. PI.
327. See Earth, Geography.
Worm (Olaf), physician, XXI. 941.
 , in gunnery, XXI. 941.
 of a still, XXL 942 ; VIII. 50.
Worms, XL 216; XX. 122.
 (intestinal), XVII. 722; XXL
991—obscurity of origin of, 992, 994,
et ■ seq.; III. 162—diseases from,
XVII. 483 — in the domestic ani¬
mals, XII. 294 ; XXL 627, 628, 632,
636—worm-powder recommended by
Dr Alston, II. 565.
Worm-like serpents, XX. 138.
Wormian bones, II. 776.
Worms, German city, XXI. 942.
Wormwood, Grew on the structure of its
root, III. 88.
Woronesh, in Russia, XXL 942.
Worship, XXI. 942 ; XV. 480—public,
481; XIX. 599. See Devotion.
Worsley, V. 288.
Worstead, in Norfolk, XXB 942.
Worsted-manufacture, XXI. 935.
Wort, in brewing, V. 241, 255.
Worthing, in Sussex, XXI. 942.
Wotton (Sir Henry), XXI. 942—on
angling, HI. 133—the first who used
the erroneous phrase “ Gothic archi¬
tecture,” III. 421.
 (William), XXL 942—his work
WOU—WYR
on Ancient and Modern Learning, IV.
576.
Wounds, death from, XIV. 499—heal¬
ing of, XVII. 128—surgical treatment
of, XX. 833.
Wourali, a poison, XIV. 506.
Wow, Hindu town, XXL 943.
Wow ami a, Hindu town, XXL 943.
Wrangel (General), XXL 21.
Wrasse, fish, XII. 195.
Wreak river navigation, XVI. 21.
Wreath, in heraldry, XXL 943 ; XI.
258,
Wrede (Baron), on optics, XVI. 493.
Wren (Sir Christopher), XXL 943—
his knowledge of the balance of
arches. III. 384, 386 — his dome¬
vaulting in St Paul’s, 392—architec¬
tural works of, 428—centres em¬
ployed by, VI. 281—his method of
demonstrating the laws of impulsion
by experiment, XIV. 351. See Paul’s
(St).
 , bird, XVI. 576.
Wrestling, XXL 943 ; XI. 96.
Wrexham, town in Denbighshire, XXL
943—church of, VII. 718.
Wright (Edward), X. 420, 430—on lo¬
garithms, XIII. 418—on navigation,
XV. 747-9.
Wrington, in Somerset, XXL 943.
Wrist, bones of the, II. 788—joints,
789—muscles, 793.
Writ, in law, XXI. 943.
Writers to the Signet, in Edinburgh,
VIII. 419; XIX. 760—their library,
VHI. 419 ; XIII. 302.
Writing, art of, XXI. 943—origin of,
XVII. 354—act of, 618—origin of
alphabetic, 362 ; II. 540—modes of
writing among different nations, 545;
XVII. 370, 390—Astle on the origin
and progress of, IV. 622—writing in
cipher, VI. 701 — short-hand, XX.
716; II. 551—remarks on written
characters, I. 66-7. See Alphabet,
Characters.
Wrongs,private, English law of, IX. 29.
Wry-neck, bird, XVI. 597.
Wudwan, Hindu town, XXI. 944.
Wulfen, botanist, V. 79.
AVunsch (Professor), on the spectrum,
XVI. 420.
Wurda, Hindu river, XXL 944.
Wurmser (General), X. 81, et seq.; XV.
717, et seq.
WurtEmberg, XXL 944—army of, HI.
610—its obligations to Bilfinger, IV.
639—coins of, XV. 408,412—weights
and measures of, XXI. 856.
Wurzburg, Bavarian city, XXL 947 ;
IV. 460.
Wutzer on nervous ganglions, II. 734.
Wyatt (John), his invention of roller¬
spinning, X. 554 ; XX. 536.
   (Sir Thomas), insurrection of,
VIII. 753.
  (Sir T.), poetry of, XVIII. 169.
Wyatt’s patent slating, V. 682—im¬
provements in joinery, XII. 605.
Wyborg, IV. 330.
Wycherley (William), XXI. 947—dra¬
matic works of, VIII. 173.
Wycliffe (John), XXL 949; VIII.
731; XIII. 210, 601—his translation
of the Bible, IV. 618—specimen of
that work, IX. 40—the English lan¬
guage improved by, VI. 338.
Wycombe (Chipping or High), town in
Buckinghamshire, XXI. 952.
Wye, town in Kent, XXL 952.
  —, Welsh river, XXL 952 ; XL
273; XV. 417—its scenery, X. 341-
navigation, XVI. 21.
 , a river in Derbyshire, XXI.
953; VII. 735.
Wymondham, in Norfolk, XXL 953.
Wynaad, in Hindustan, XXL 953.
Wyndham (Sir William), English states¬
man, XXI. 953.
Wynn (William), his scapement, VI. 775.
Wyra Ghur, Hindu town, XXI. 953.
Wyrley and Easington Canal, XVI. 21.
XAN-YAK
X
X, letter of the alphabet, XXL 953.
Xanthic acid, VI. 431.
Xanthin, VIII. 306.
Xanthine, VI. 431.
Xanthippe, XX. 442, 443.
Xanthippus, a Carthaginian, VI. 192,
Xanthopicrin, VI. 468.
Xanthornus, bird, XVI. 582.
Xarayes, lake, XVII. 63.
Xativa, in Spain, XXI. 953.
Xauru, river, XVII. 63.
Xavier de Maistre (Count), on water¬
spouts, VIII. 622.
Xebec, XXI. 953.
Xenocrates, philosopher, XXL 953.
Xenodon, serpent, XX. 138.
Xenopeltis, serpent, XX. 138.
Xenophanes, XXI. 954—philosophy of,
VIII. 564.
Xenophon, XXI. 954—his account of
Cyrus, VII. 577—his retreat with the
10,000, XI. 473—on field-sports, 738
—not mentioned by Plato, XVIII. 18
—his dialogues, 41—his account of
Socrates’s manner of teaching, XX.
440—-his admiration of that philoso¬
pher, 445—his Memorabilia of So¬
crates, 467-8.
 •, Greek surgeon, XX. 822.
 of Ephesus, XXI. 954.
Xenops, bird, XVI. 588.
Xenos, insect, IX. 254.
Xeres de la Frontera, XXI. 954—battle
of, XX. 493.
Xerxes, king of Persia, XVII. 259—
army of. III. 583—his invasion of
Greece, IV. 150 ; XX. 525—effects of
that invasion upon Athens, IV. 114—
his treatment of the dead body of
Leonidas VI. 736—instance Of his in¬
gratitude, XII. 276.
Xicoco, island, XXI. 955.
Ximena, Spanish city, XXI. 955.
Ximenes de Cisneros (Francisco), car¬
dinal, XXI. 955 ; XX. 501.
Ximo, Japanese island, XXI. 956.
Xingu, river, V. 198.
Xiphias, fish, XII. 183.
Xiphydria, insect, IX. 218.
Xirichthys, fish, XII. 196.
Xixona, Spanish city, XXL 956.
Xorides, insects, IX. 222.
Xulla Islands, XXI. 956.
Xullabella, island, XXL 957.
Xull am angola, island, XXL 957.
Xun, Chinese city, XXL 957.
Xyela, insect, IX. 218.
Xylobalsimum, IV. 322.
Xylocopa, insect, IX. 233.
Xylodium, in botany, V. 49.
Xylophaga, mollusca, XV. 349.
Xylophagi, insects, IX. 176, 264.
Xylophili, insects, IX. 155, 172.
Xylota, insect, IX. 273.
Xylotomse, insects, IX. 266.
Xylotrogi, insects, IX. 146.
Xynoccia, Athenian feast, XXI. 957.
Xyridese, in botany, V. 135.
Xysta, insect, IX. 281.
Xystarcha, Greek officer, XXL 957.
Xystus, Greek portico, XXI. 957.
Y
Y, letter of the alphabet, XXI. 957.
Ya, Chinese city, XXI. 957.
Yabarkulskaia, XXI. 957.
Yacht, XXI. 957.
Yack, in zoology, XIV. 167.
Yacou, bird, XVI. 605.
Yadi, Russian river, XXI. 957.
Yak of Tartary, XXI. 255.
Yakoutsk, in Asiatic Russia, XXL 957
—trade of, XIX. 588.
YAL—YNC
Yale College, VII. 263.
Yamoots, XXI. 84.
Yamskoi, Russian fort, XXI. 957.
Yamychefskaia, XXI. 957.
Yang, Chinese towns, XXL 958.
Yang-Chan, Chinese town, XXL 958.
Yang-Cong, Chinese river, XXI. 958.
Yang-Ho, Chinese river, XXI. 958.
Yang-Kang, Chinese town, XXI. 958.
Yang-Tcheoo, Chinese city, XXL 958.
Yang-Tse-Kiang, river, XXI. 958.
Yanguin Chainwah, XXI. 958.
Yani, XX. 94.
Yanina, II. 379—siege of, 378.
Yantchin, Chinese city, XXL 958.
Yao, Chinese city, XXI. 958.
Yao-Ngan, Chinese city, XXL 958.
Yao-Tcheou, Chinese city, XXL 958.
Yapura, river, V. 198.
Yard, standard, XXI. 945.
 of a ship, XXI. 958.
 (Navy), XXL 958. See Dock¬
yards.
Yare, in seamanship, XXL 958.
 , river, XXI. 958 ; XVI. 246 ;
XX. 789—its navigation, XVI. 22.
Yarkund, XXI. 958, 86.
Yarm, in Yorkshire, XXL 958 —at¬
tempted iron bridge at, V. 279.
Yarmouth, in Isle of Wight, XXL 959,
 , seaport town in Norfolk, XXI.
958 ; XVI. 245.
 , in Nova Scotia, XVI. 286.
Yarmuc, XXI. 959.
Yaropolk, XIX. 530.
Yaroslaf, XIX. 532.
Yarrell, (Mr), on fishes, XII. 170, 181,
185, 224—on British birds, XVI. 553.
Yarrow, river, XX. 85.
Yauly, Hindu town, XXL 959i
Yawl, IV. 722.
Yawning, XXL 959.
Yaynangheom, XXL 959.
Yazoo, river, XV. 299.
Ybyera, lake,'XVII. 66.
Yeadell (Tho.), on moles, XXL 600.
Year, astronomical and civil, VI. 4—•
lunar, 7—Hindu, 263, 664—Olympic,
653 — Roman, 654—Jewish, 657—-
Egyptian, 658; VIII. 555—Mahom-
medan, VI. 661—Chinese, 663—Drui-
dical, VIII. 206—confusion of civil
with ecclesiastical, XVIII. 391,n. See
Astronomy, Chronology.
Yeast, XXI. 959—its use-in baking,
IV. 297 ; in distillation, VIII. 47—
modes of preparing, IV. 299—nature
of, V. 244.
Yelcundel, in Hindustan, XXL 959.
Yell Island, XXI. 959, 986.
Yellow, XXI. 959—varieties of, XV.
127, 128—colouring-matters, VI. 485
—in crayon-painting, VII. 453—dye¬
ing of, VIII. 319, 341.
Yellow Fever, Dr Rush on, XIX. 523.
Yellow River, XXI. 959.
Yellow Sea, XXL 960 ; XVII. 510.
Yellowly (Dr), on mucous membrane,
II. 753.
Yelpoora, Hindu town, XXL 960.
Yemen, XXI. 960 ; III. 324, et seq.
Yen, Chinese river, XXI. 9 60.
Yeneseisk, VIII. 699.
Yenikali, VII. 473.
Yenisei, river, XIX. 586.
Yen-Kiang, Chinese city, XXL 960.
Yen-Ngan, Chinese city, XXI. 960.
Yen-Ping, Chinese city, XXL 960.
Yen-Tcheou, Chinese city, XXI. 960.
Yeoman, XXI. 960 ; VII. 179—of the
Guard, XXL 960.
Yeou, river, V. 12.
Yeovil, in Somerset, XXL 960.
Yeowah, Burmese town, XXI. 960.
Yernagoodum, XXL 960.
Yetholm, XXI. 960; XIX. 513.
Yew-tree, XVII. 784—specific gravity
of its wood, XII. 38.
Yezd, Persian city, XXI. 961.
Yezdegird, era of, VI. 662.
Yezdikhast, Persian town, XXI. 961.
Yguisan, island, XXL 961
Ynca. See Inca.
164
INDEX.
YNY—YPA
Yn-Yuel, Chinese city, XXI, 961.
Yoke, XXI. 961—of land, ib.
Yolofs, XX. 93.
Yong-Ngao, island, XXI. 961.
Yong-Ning, Chinese city, XXI. 961.
Yong-Pe, Chinese city, XXI. 961.
Song-Ping, Chinese city, XXI. 961.
Yong-Tchang, Chinese city, XXI. 961.
Yong-Tcheou, Chinese city, XXI. 961.
Yonne, in France, XXI. 961.
Yon-Nim-Kien Hotdn, XXI. 961,
Yool Islands, XXI. 961.
York, English city, XXI. 965—arch¬
bishop of, III. 397—minster of, III.
i'il, 455, 456 ; X. 565—archbishopric
of, VIII. 762—lodge of freemasons at,
XIV. 284.
■ , in Upper Canada, VI. 65.
  in Maine, XIV. 44.
 „in Pennsylvania, XVII. 224.
  Cape, XXI. 966.
  Islands, XXI. 967.
    (New). See New York.
   (Frederick, late Duke of), his
marriage, V. 461—his campaign of
1794, 475—his expedition to Hol¬
land, 489, 493-4—his connexion with
Mary Anne Clarke, 526—vested with
the custody of the king’s person, 544
—his declaration against the Catho¬
lics, 563.
Yorkshire, XXI. 961—geology of, XV.
198—elevation of bed of the sea in,
218—woollen-manufacture of, XIII.
161; XXI. 927—wages of woollen-
manufacturers in, 937.
Yo-Tcheou, Chinese city, XXI. 967.
Yougane, Russian river, XXI. 967.
Youghal, Irish town, XXI. 967.
Young (Arthur), on small farms, VII.
387—on small estates, 391—on the
war against cottages in England, 393
—on Irish roads, XII. 413—on irri¬
gation, 446, 453.
  (Edward), XX. 967—his dra¬
matic works, VIII. 174—his poetry,
XVIII. 173.
 (James), surgeon, XX. 829.
 (James), his galvanic battery,
XXL 668.
•  (Dr Matthew), on capillary at¬
traction, XII. 39, 45, 46.
 (Dr Thomas), XXI. 969—his
solution of the principle of capillary
attraction, I. 616—character of, as a
philosopher, ib.—his discoveries in
hieroglyphics, II. 541; VIII. 560 ;
XI. 304, et seq., 316—misled by a
table in Morgan on Life Assurance,
III. 201—on aurora borealis, IV. 201
—on bathing, 445—on chromatics, VI.
632, et seq.—lectures of, VII. 638—
on the affinities of language, XIII.
70—on polarisation of light, 333;
XVIII. 243—on optics, XVI. 363,
415, 421, 426, 434, 450, 451—on the
globules of the blood, XVII. 635—on
the pendulum, 203; XXI. 842—his
formula representing the law of the
relation between the temperature and
force of steam, XX. 595—on the tides,
XXI. 260, et seq.
•  (Mx-), on motion, XV. 573, 576
—on the formation of matter, XVII.
798, et seq.
Yoeng Nick’s Head, XXL 973.
Yourriba, in Africa, II. 238.
Youth, XIV. 493 ; XV. 456.
Youze, in zoology, XIV. 121.
Yowry, island, XXI. 973.
Ypanema, ironworks at, V. 208.
YPR—ZEG
Yfres, in Flanders, XXL 973—poor-
law of, XVIII. 369, n.
Ystwith, river, VI. 137.
Yttria, VI. 400—salts of, 447—specific
gravity of phosphate of, XII. 38.
Yttrium, VI. 399.
Yttrocerite, sp. gr. of, XII. 38.
Yttrotantalite, sp. gr. of, XII. 38.
Yu, Chinese rivers, XXI. 973.
Yucatan, XXL 973; XIV. 817.
Yuen, Chinese city, XXL 973.
Yuen-Kiang, Chinese city, XXL 973.
Yuen-Tcheou, Chinese city, XXI. 973.
Yuen-Yang, Chinese city, XXI. 973.
Yule (Dr), on the structure and germi
nation of wheat, III. 78.
Yunan, in China, XXI, 973.
Yun-Hing, Chinese city, XXI. 973.
Yun-Lean-Ho, Chinese canal, XXI. 973.
Yunshan, XXI. 973.
Yuntai, island, XXL 973.
Yunx, bird, XVI. 597.
Yurukhs, XXL 420,
Yzabal, XI, 19.
z
Z, letter of the alphabet, XXI. 974.
Zaara, See Zahara.
Zab, river, XXI. 974.
Zabrus, insect, IX. 124.
Zabulon, tribe of, XXL 974—plain of,
XVI. 742.
Zacatecas, Mexican state, XIV. 816.
Zacatula, in Mexico, XIV. 814.
Zacchia (Paulo), on medical jurispru¬
dence, XIV. 491.
Zach (Baron), his estimate of the num¬
ber of the fixed stars, IV. 44, 45.
Zafra, Turkish town, XXI. 974.
Zagrab, or Agram, II. 250.
Zahara, XIX. 612 ; II. 222, 236.
Zainer (Ginther), printer, XVIII. 548.
Zaire, river, XXL 974 ; VII. 214, 215.
Zaleocus, Locrian legislator,XXI.974.
Zaluski library, XIII. 315.
Zama, in Cappadocia, XXI. 974—battle
of, VI. 202; XIX. 387.
Zambeccari’s balloon, II. 189.
Zamboni’s electric pile, XXI. 673.
Zamfra, XI. 710.
Zamorano on navigation, XV. 747.
Zanclus, fish, XII. 179.
Zanesville, in Ohio, XVI. 330.
Zangeia, XI. 710.
Zanguebar, XXI. 974.
Zannone, island, XVIII. 362.
Zanotti (Monsieur), galvanic experi¬
ments of, XXI. 681.
Zante, XII. 341.
Zantedeschi (Professor), on solar mag¬
netism, XIII. 697; XVI. 422.
Zanthoxylese, in botany, V. 104.
Zapata, Italian feast, XXI. 974.
Zaragoza, Spanish city, XXI. 974; III.
373.
Zaria, II. 238 ; XI. 710.
Zander (Monsieur), his machine for
changing motion, XIV. 448.
Zealand, Danish island, XXL 975 ;
IV. 328 ; VJI. 725.
 , Dutch province, XXI. 975.
 (New). See New Zealand.
Zealots, Jewish sect, XXI. 983.
Zebid, Arabian city, XXL 983.
Zebra, XIV. 154 ; II. 227.
Zebu, island, XXI. 983
Zeghren, )X. 531,
ZEG—ZIP
Zegzeg, XI. 710.
Zeiher’s burning-mirrors, V. 735.
Zeitz, Prussian city, XXI. 983.
Zelaya, in Mexico, XIV. 814.
Zeleh, Turkish town, XXI. 984.
Zelenin, island, XXL 984.
Zelenoikolok, XXI. 984.
Zelezenskaia, XXI. 984.
Zell (Ulric), printer, XVIII. 548.
Zelle, German city, XXI. 984.
Zelus, insect, IX. 197.
Zemaniah, Hindu town, XXI. 984.
Zembla (Nova), Russian island, XXI.
984; XVIII. 217.
Zemindars, XXI. 984; XL 444, 449.
Zemplin, in Hungary, XXL 984.
Zend, XXL 984; III. 691.
 language, XVII. 379, 380.
Zenderood, river, XXI. 985.
Zenghi, river, XXL 985.
Zenith, XXL 985; III. 754.
Zenith-sector by Ramsden, XXI. 358.
Zeno Eleates, Greek philosopher, XXI.
985— his dialectic, VII. 755-6.
 the Stoic, XXI. 985—character
and philosophy of, I. 303. See Stoics.
 , Roman emperor, VII. 280.
Zenobia, queen of Palmyra, XVI. 775
—her invasion of Egypt, VIII. 476 —
conquered by Aurelian, XIX. 412.
Zenodorus, XIV. 314.
Zenta, battle of, XXI. 413.
Zeolite, XV. 150—sp. gr. of, XII. 38.
Zephyrius, insect, IX. 242.
Zephyrus, pagan deity, XXL 986.
Zerbis (Gabriel de), II. 693.
Zerbst, German city, XXL 986.
Zerdusht, or Zoroaster. See Zoroaster.
Zermagna, river, VII. 595.
Zest of the walnut, XXI. 986.
Zetland, or Shetland Islands, XXI.
986— cattle of, II. 324—sheep of, 330
—aurora borealis in, IV. 194—duns
in, VIII. 268.
Zeugma, in grammar, XXL 988.
Zeus, fish, XII. 188.
Zeuxia, insect, IX. 283.
Zeuxis, Greek painter, XXI. 988 —paint¬
ings of, XVI. 701.
Zeuzera, insect, IX. 246.
Ziegenham, XX. 988.
Ziegler, (Jean Henri), his experiments
on the force of steam, XX. 577.
Zimisces, XIX. 530.
Zimmerman (Prof.), on the compressi¬
bility of water, II. 114 ; XII. 9—on
the diversity of the human com¬
plexion, VII. 192.
Zinc, metal, XXL 988—in chemistry,
VI. 410—in mineralogy, XV. 142—
changes in its texture produced by
wire-drawing, &c., III. 197—sulphu-
ret of, IV. 693—its compounds with
copper, V. 185—salts of oxide of, VI.
449—crystallization of sulphuret of,
VII. 523—specific gravity of, XII.
38—magnetism of, XIII. 709—poison¬
ous quality of, XIV. 502—cohesion
of, XX. 757.
Zinc-blende, XV. 170.
Zinc-mines, British, XV. 249—conti¬
nental, 252.
Zinc-ore, XV. 161.
Zingha, III. 151.
Zinghis-Khan. See Genghis-Khan.
Zinkenite, VI. 459—sp. gr. of, XII. 38.
Zinn (J. G.), anatomist, II. 702.
Zinzendorf (N. L., Count of), founder
of the Moravians, XXI. 988.
Zion, or Sion, XXI. 988 ; XII. 546.
Ziphias, in zoology, XIV. 183.
ZIR—ZYM
Zircon, XV. 159—sp. gr. of, XII. 38.
Zirconia, VI. 401—salts of, 448—speci¬
fic gravity of, XII. 38.
Zirconium, VI. 400.
Zirconite, specific gravity of, XII. 38,
Zirmie, XI. 710.
Ziska (John), XXL 989 ; XL 762.
Zittau, in Saxony, XXI. 989.
Zloczow, in Austria, XXI. 989.
Znaym, in Moravia, XXL 989.
Zoanthidse. zoophytes, XXI. 1022.
Zoarchus, fish, XII. 193.
Zodiac, in astronomy, XXI. 989.
  (Signs of the), III. 765—Du-
pin’s theory of their origin, VII. 286.
Zodiacal light, III. 784 ; XIV. 720.
Zodion, insect, IX. 278.
Zoega on obelisks, XI. 302, 304, 315.
Zoisite, XV. 154—sp. gr. of, XII. 38.
Zombar, Austrian city, XXI. 989.
Zonaras (Joannes), XXI. 989—on the
burning-glasses of Archimedes, V. 7 28.
Zones of the earth, XXI. 989 ; X. 408 ;
XVII. 54*3.
Zonitis, insect, IX. 170.
Zoocarpes, III. 187.
Zoohematine, II. 713.
Zoolas of Africa, II. 233 ; XII, 659.
Zoology, III. 155—province of, XVII.
577. See Animals, Comparative Ana¬
tomy, Comparative Physiology, Natu¬
ral History, and the articles referred
to in vol. iii. p. 180.
Zoonomy, II. 685.
Zoophaga, bones of, III. 2, et seq.—teeth
of, 32, 33.
Zoophorus, in architecture, III. 471.
Zoophytes, XXL 990; II. 706; III.
156 ; XV. 739 ; XVII. 587, 721—cha¬
racteristics of, III. 171.
Zoosperma, animalcules, III. 190, n.
Zophosis, insect, IX. 163.
Zorn (J. H.), on birds, XVI. 548,
Zorndorff, battle of, XVIII. 675.
Zoroaster, XXL 1025; XIII. 82;
XVII. 259—Anquetil’s publication of
fragments ascribed to, III. 237.
Zorrino of Buenos Ayres, V. 641.
Zosimus, historian, XXI. 1025.
Zostera marina, uses of, II. 297.
Zoutman (Admiral), V. 417.
Zoxa, XVIII. 798.
Zucchi (Father), not the inventor of the
reflecting telescope, XVI. 360.
Zuela, IX. 532.
Zug, Swiss canton, XXI. 1025.
Zuinglius (Ulricus), XXI. 1026—his
share in effecting the Reformation,
XIX. 88, et seq.
Zulichau, battle of, XVIII. 677.
Zullichau, Prussian city, XXI. 1026.
Zumalacarreguy (Thomas), XX.511,512.
Zurich, in Switzerland, XXI. 1026—
coins of, XV. 408—lake of, XXI, 46
—manufactures of XXI. 49.
 Water-machine, XII. 103.
Zurlite, specific gravity of, XII. 38.
Zutphen, in Holland, XXI. 1027,
Zuyder-Zee, XXI. 1027.
Zweibrucken, XXI. 1027.
Zwenigorodka, XXI. 1027.
Zwickau, in Saxony, XXL 1027.
Zwolen, in Hungary, II. 571.
Zwolle, Dutch city, XXI. 1027.
Zygsena, fish, XII. 234.
 , insect, IX. 244.
Zygasnides, insects, IX. 244,
Zyghur, Hindu town, XXL 1027.
Zygophylh ae, in botany, V. 104.
Zygops, insect, IX. 174.
Zymosimetbr, XXL 1027.
TYPE-FOUNDED, PRINTED, AND STEREOTYPED,
BY NEILL & CO., OLD FISH MARKET, EDINBURGH.