id sid tid token lemma pos crl-14901 1 1 college college NOUN crl-14901 1 2 and and CCONJ crl-14901 1 3 research research NOUN crl-14901 1 4 libraries librarie VERB crl-14901 1 5 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14901 1 6 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 1 7 of of ADP crl-14901 1 8 professional professional ADJ crl-14901 1 9 employees employee NOUN crl-14901 1 10 in in ADP crl-14901 1 11 union union NOUN crl-14901 1 12 and and CCONJ crl-14901 1 13 nonunion nonunion NOUN crl-14901 1 14 research research NOUN crl-14901 1 15 libraries librarie VERB crl-14901 1 16 tina tina PROPN crl-14901 1 17 maragou maragou NOUN crl-14901 1 18 hovekamp hovekamp ADJ crl-14901 1 19 this this DET crl-14901 1 20 study study NOUN crl-14901 1 21 was be AUX crl-14901 1 22 a a DET crl-14901 1 23 comparative comparative ADJ crl-14901 1 24 exploration exploration NOUN crl-14901 1 25 of of ADP crl-14901 1 26 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14901 1 27 ( ( PUNCT crl-14901 1 28 library library NOUN crl-14901 1 29 ) ) PUNCT crl-14901 1 30 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 1 31 among among ADP crl-14901 1 32 professional professional ADJ crl-14901 1 33 library library NOUN crl-14901 1 34 employees employee NOUN crl-14901 1 35 in in ADP crl-14901 1 36 unionized unionized ADJ crl-14901 1 37 and and CCONJ crl-14901 1 38 nonunionized nonunionized ADJ crl-14901 1 39 research research NOUN crl-14901 1 40 libraries library NOUN crl-14901 1 41 . . PUNCT crl-14901 2 1 based base VERB crl-14901 2 2 on on ADP crl-14901 2 3 a a DET crl-14901 2 4 survey survey NOUN crl-14901 2 5 of of ADP crl-14901 2 6 400 400 NUM crl-14901 2 7 individuals individual NOUN crl-14901 2 8 , , PUNCT crl-14901 2 9 the the DET crl-14901 2 10 study study NOUN crl-14901 2 11 examined examine VERB crl-14901 2 12 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14901 2 13 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 2 14 and and CCONJ crl-14901 2 15 its its PRON crl-14901 2 16 relationship relationship NOUN crl-14901 2 17 to to ADP crl-14901 2 18 ( ( PUNCT crl-14901 2 19 1 1 NUM crl-14901 2 20 ) ) PUNCT crl-14901 2 21 union union NOUN crl-14901 2 22 presence presence NOUN crl-14901 2 23 ; ; PUNCT crl-14901 2 24 ( ( PUNCT crl-14901 2 25 2 2 X crl-14901 2 26 ) ) PUNCT crl-14901 2 27 union union NOUN crl-14901 2 28 membership membership NOUN crl-14901 2 29 status status NOUN crl-14901 2 30 ; ; PUNCT crl-14901 2 31 and and CCONJ crl-14901 2 32 ( ( PUNCT crl-14901 2 33 3 3 NUM crl-14901 2 34 ) ) PUNCT crl-14901 2 35 union union NOUN crl-14901 2 36 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 2 37 . . PUNCT crl-14901 3 1 the the DET crl-14901 3 2 results result NOUN crl-14901 3 3 of of ADP crl-14901 3 4 the the DET crl-14901 3 5 statistical statistical ADJ crl-14901 3 6 analysis analysis NOUN crl-14901 3 7 revealed reveal VERB crl-14901 3 8 that that SCONJ crl-14901 3 9 union union NOUN crl-14901 3 10 presence presence NOUN crl-14901 3 11 was be AUX crl-14901 3 12 a a DET crl-14901 3 13 negative negative ADJ crl-14901 3 14 predictor predictor NOUN crl-14901 3 15 of of ADP crl-14901 3 16 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14901 3 17 loyalty loyalty NOUN crl-14901 3 18 ; ; PUNCT crl-14901 3 19 registered registered ADJ crl-14901 3 20 and and CCONJ crl-14901 3 21 nonregistered nonregistere VERB crl-14901 3 22 union union NOUN crl-14901 3 23 members member NOUN crl-14901 3 24 shared share VERB crl-14901 3 25 similar similar ADJ crl-14901 3 26 attitudes attitude NOUN crl-14901 3 27 toward toward ADP crl-14901 3 28 their their PRON crl-14901 3 29 employing employing NOUN crl-14901 3 30 organization organization NOUN crl-14901 3 31 ; ; PUNCT crl-14901 3 32 and and CCONJ crl-14901 3 33 union union NOUN crl-14901 3 34 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 3 35 tended tend VERB crl-14901 3 36 to to PART crl-14901 3 37 be be AUX crl-14901 3 38 a a DET crl-14901 3 39 positive positive ADJ crl-14901 3 40 predictor predictor NOUN crl-14901 3 41 of of ADP crl-14901 3 42 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14901 3 43 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 3 44 . . PUNCT crl-14901 4 1 the the DET crl-14901 4 2 conflicting conflict VERB crl-14901 4 3 findings finding NOUN crl-14901 4 4 in in ADP crl-14901 4 5 the the DET crl-14901 4 6 test test NOUN crl-14901 4 7 of of ADP crl-14901 4 8 the the DET crl-14901 4 9 relationships relationship NOUN crl-14901 4 10 between between ADP crl-14901 4 11 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14901 4 12 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 4 13 and and CCONJ crl-14901 4 14 union union NOUN crl-14901 4 15 presence presence NOUN crl-14901 4 16 and and CCONJ crl-14901 4 17 between between ADP crl-14901 4 18 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14901 4 19 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 4 20 and and CCONJ crl-14901 4 21 union union NOUN crl-14901 4 22 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 4 23 might might AUX crl-14901 4 24 be be AUX crl-14901 4 25 partially partially ADV crl-14901 4 26 attributed attribute VERB crl-14901 4 27 to to ADP crl-14901 4 28 the the DET crl-14901 4 29 fact fact NOUN crl-14901 4 30 that that SCONJ crl-14901 4 31 union union NOUN crl-14901 4 32 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 4 33 was be AUX crl-14901 4 34 relatively relatively ADV crl-14901 4 35 low low ADJ crl-14901 4 36 among among ADP crl-14901 4 37 the the DET crl-14901 4 38 library library NOUN crl-14901 4 39 professionals professional NOUN crl-14901 4 40 . . PUNCT crl-14901 5 1 in in ADP crl-14901 5 2 addition addition NOUN crl-14901 5 3 , , PUNCT crl-14901 5 4 such such ADJ crl-14901 5 5 results result NOUN crl-14901 5 6 suggest suggest VERB crl-14901 5 7 that that SCONJ crl-14901 5 8 among among ADP crl-14901 5 9 union union NOUN crl-14901 5 10 libraries librarie VERB crl-14901 5 11 factors factor NOUN crl-14901 5 12 other other ADJ crl-14901 5 13 than than ADP crl-14901 5 14 union union NOUN crl-14901 5 15 loyalty loyalty NOUN crl-14901 5 16 may may AUX crl-14901 5 17 negatively negatively ADV crl-14901 5 18 affect affect VERB crl-14901 5 19 employee employee NOUN crl-14901 5 20 feelings feeling NOUN crl-14901 5 21 toward toward ADP crl-14901 5 22 their their PRON crl-14901 5 23 library library NOUN crl-14901 5 24 . . PUNCT crl-14901 6 1 • • PROPN crl-14901 6 2 nion nion NOUN crl-14901 6 3 organization organization NOUN crl-14901 6 4 has have AUX crl-14901 6 5 often often ADV crl-14901 6 6 generated generate VERB crl-14901 6 7 concerns concern NOUN crl-14901 6 8 about about ADP crl-14901 6 9 the the DET crl-14901 6 10 possible possible ADJ crl-14901 6 11 conflicts conflict NOUN crl-14901 6 12 it it PRON crl-14901 6 13 might might AUX crl-14901 6 14 introduce introduce VERB crl-14901 6 15 in in ADP crl-14901 6 16 the the DET crl-14901 6 17 relationship relationship NOUN crl-14901 6 18 between between ADP crl-14901 6 19 employees employee NOUN crl-14901 6 20 and and CCONJ crl-14901 6 21 employer employer NOUN crl-14901 6 22 . . PUNCT crl-14901 7 1 such such ADJ crl-14901 7 2 concerns concern NOUN crl-14901 7 3 have have AUX crl-14901 7 4 also also ADV crl-14901 7 5 been be AUX crl-14901 7 6 expressed express VERB crl-14901 7 7 in in ADP crl-14901 7 8 the the DET crl-14901 7 9 library library NOUN crl-14901 7 10 literature literature NOUN crl-14901 7 11 , , PUNCT crl-14901 7 12 however however ADV crl-14901 7 13 , , PUNCT crl-14901 7 14 without without ADP crl-14901 7 15 any any DET crl-14901 7 16 attempt attempt NOUN crl-14901 7 17 to to PART crl-14901 7 18 investigate investigate VERB crl-14901 7 19 in in ADP crl-14901 7 20 a a DET crl-14901 7 21 systematic systematic ADJ crl-14901 7 22 way way NOUN crl-14901 7 23 the the DET crl-14901 7 24 consequences consequence NOUN crl-14901 7 25 of of ADP crl-14901 7 26 unionization unionization NOUN crl-14901 7 27 for for ADP crl-14901 7 28 the the DET crl-14901 7 29 profession profession NOUN crl-14901 7 30 's 's PART crl-14901 7 31 allegiances allegiance NOUN crl-14901 7 32 . . PUNCT crl-14901 8 1 even even ADV crl-14901 8 2 outside outside ADP crl-14901 8 3 the the DET crl-14901 8 4 library library NOUN crl-14901 8 5 field field NOUN crl-14901 8 6 the the DET crl-14901 8 7 topic topic NOUN crl-14901 8 8 of of ADP crl-14901 8 9 union union NOUN crl-14901 8 10 impact impact NOUN crl-14901 8 11 on on ADP crl-14901 8 12 the the DET crl-14901 8 13 employees employee NOUN crl-14901 8 14 ' ' PART crl-14901 8 15 loyalty loyalty NOUN crl-14901 8 16 to to ADP crl-14901 8 17 their their PRON crl-14901 8 18 employer employer NOUN crl-14901 8 19 has have AUX crl-14901 8 20 received receive VERB crl-14901 8 21 only only ADV crl-14901 8 22 sporadic sporadic ADJ crl-14901 8 23 research research NOUN crl-14901 8 24 attention attention NOUN crl-14901 8 25 , , PUNCT crl-14901 8 26 mainly mainly ADV crl-14901 8 27 in in ADP crl-14901 8 28 the the DET crl-14901 8 29 area area NOUN crl-14901 8 30 of of ADP crl-14901 8 31 blue blue ADJ crl-14901 8 32 - - PUNCT crl-14901 8 33 collar collar NOUN crl-14901 8 34 workers worker NOUN crl-14901 8 35 . . PUNCT crl-14901 9 1 however however ADV crl-14901 9 2 , , PUNCT crl-14901 9 3 research research NOUN crl-14901 9 4 findings finding NOUN crl-14901 9 5 on on ADP crl-14901 9 6 this this DET crl-14901 9 7 subject subject NOUN crl-14901 9 8 can can AUX crl-14901 9 9 have have VERB crl-14901 9 10 a a DET crl-14901 9 11 particular particular ADJ crl-14901 9 12 importance importance NOUN crl-14901 9 13 among among ADP crl-14901 9 14 professional professional ADJ crl-14901 9 15 employee employee NOUN crl-14901 9 16 ~ ~ PUNCT crl-14901 9 17 in in ADP crl-14901 9 18 this this DET crl-14901 9 19 group group NOUN crl-14901 9 20 of of ADP crl-14901 9 21 workers worker NOUN crl-14901 9 22 the the DET crl-14901 9 23 issue issue NOUN crl-14901 9 24 of of ADP crl-14901 9 25 unionization unionization NOUN crl-14901 9 26 and and CCONJ crl-14901 9 27 its its PRON crl-14901 9 28 potential potential ADJ crl-14901 9 29 consequences consequence NOUN crl-14901 9 30 have have AUX crl-14901 9 31 been be AUX crl-14901 9 32 controversial controversial ADJ crl-14901 9 33 for for ADP crl-14901 9 34 at at ADV crl-14901 9 35 least least ADJ crl-14901 9 36 the the DET crl-14901 9 37 last last ADJ crl-14901 9 38 two two NUM crl-14901 9 39 decades decade NOUN crl-14901 9 40 . . PUNCT crl-14901 10 1 this this DET crl-14901 10 2 study study NOUN crl-14901 10 3 was be AUX crl-14901 10 4 designed design VERB crl-14901 10 5 to to PART crl-14901 10 6 investigate investigate VERB crl-14901 10 7 any any DET crl-14901 10 8 associations association NOUN crl-14901 10 9 between between ADP crl-14901 10 10 unions union NOUN crl-14901 10 11 and and CCONJ crl-14901 10 12 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 10 13 to to ADP crl-14901 10 14 the the DET crl-14901 10 15 library library NOUN crl-14901 10 16 as as ADP crl-14901 10 17 an an DET crl-14901 10 18 employer employer NOUN crl-14901 10 19 . . PUNCT crl-14901 11 1 it it PRON crl-14901 11 2 was be AUX crl-14901 11 3 based base VERB crl-14901 11 4 on on ADP crl-14901 11 5 survey survey NOUN crl-14901 11 6 results result NOUN crl-14901 11 7 from from ADP crl-14901 11 8 library library NOUN crl-14901 11 9 employees employee NOUN crl-14901 11 10 who who PRON crl-14901 11 11 had have VERB crl-14901 11 12 an an DET crl-14901 11 13 m.l.s m.l.s NOUN crl-14901 11 14 . . PUNCT crl-14901 11 15 or or CCONJ crl-14901 11 16 equivalent equivalent ADJ crl-14901 11 17 degree degree NOUN crl-14901 11 18 and and CCONJ crl-14901 11 19 held hold VERB crl-14901 11 20 positions position NOUN crl-14901 11 21 with with ADP crl-14901 11 22 professional professional ADJ crl-14901 11 23 classification classification NOUN crl-14901 11 24 ( ( PUNCT crl-14901 11 25 academic academic ADJ crl-14901 11 26 or or CCONJ crl-14901 11 27 faculty faculty NOUN crl-14901 11 28 status status NOUN crl-14901 11 29 ) ) PUNCT crl-14901 11 30 in in ADP crl-14901 11 31 unionized unionized ADJ crl-14901 11 32 and and CCONJ crl-14901 11 33 nonunionized nonunionized ADJ crl-14901 11 34 research research NOUN crl-14901 11 35 libraries library NOUN crl-14901 11 36 . . PUNCT crl-14901 12 1 the the DET crl-14901 12 2 data datum NOUN crl-14901 12 3 received receive VERB crl-14901 12 4 from from ADP crl-14901 12 5 the the DET crl-14901 12 6 two two NUM crl-14901 12 7 groups group NOUN crl-14901 12 8 , , PUNCT crl-14901 12 9 union union NOUN crl-14901 12 10 and and CCONJ crl-14901 12 11 nonunion nonunion NOUN crl-14901 12 12 , , PUNCT crl-14901 12 13 were be AUX crl-14901 12 14 compared compare VERB crl-14901 12 15 in in ADP crl-14901 12 16 order order NOUN crl-14901 12 17 to to PART crl-14901 12 18 examine examine VERB crl-14901 12 19 the the DET crl-14901 12 20 r.elationship r.elationship NOUN crl-14901 12 21 between between ADP crl-14901 12 22 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 12 23 to to ADP crl-14901 12 24 the the DET crl-14901 12 25 library library NOUN crl-14901 12 26 as as ADP crl-14901 12 27 an an DET crl-14901 12 28 employing employ VERB crl-14901 12 29 organization organization NOUN crl-14901 12 30 and and CCONJ crl-14901 12 31 ( ( PUNCT crl-14901 12 32 1 1 X crl-14901 12 33 ) ) PUNCT crl-14901 12 34 union union NOUN crl-14901 12 35 presence presence NOUN crl-14901 12 36 ; ; PUNCT crl-14901 12 37 ( ( PUNCT crl-14901 12 38 2 2 X crl-14901 12 39 ) ) PUNCT crl-14901 12 40 union union PROPN crl-14901 12 41 tina tina PROPN crl-14901 12 42 mamgou mamgou PROPN crl-14901 12 43 hovekamp hovekamp PROPN crl-14901 12 44 is be AUX crl-14901 12 45 libmry libmry ADJ crl-14901 12 46 instruction instruction NOUN crl-14901 12 47 and and CCONJ crl-14901 12 48 public public ADJ crl-14901 12 49 seroices seroice NOUN crl-14901 12 50 librarian librarian NOUN crl-14901 12 51 at at ADP crl-14901 12 52 the the DET crl-14901 12 53 leslie leslie PROPN crl-14901 12 54 j. j. PROPN crl-14901 12 55 samge samge PROPN crl-14901 12 56 library library PROPN crl-14901 12 57 , , PUNCT crl-14901 12 58 western western ADJ crl-14901 12 59 state state PROPN crl-14901 12 60 college college PROPN crl-14901 12 61 of of ADP crl-14901 12 62 colorado colorado PROPN crl-14901 12 63 , , PUNCT crl-14901 12 64 gunnison gunnison PROPN crl-14901 12 65 , , PUNCT crl-14901 12 66 colorado81231 colorado81231 PROPN crl-14901 12 67 . . PUNCT crl-14901 13 1 this this DET crl-14901 13 2 article article NOUN crl-14901 13 3 is be AUX crl-14901 13 4 lxzsed lxzse VERB crl-14901 13 5 on on ADP crl-14901 13 6 tile tile NOUN crl-14901 13 7 author author NOUN crl-14901 13 8 's 's PART crl-14901 13 9 dissertation dissertation NOUN crl-14901 13 10 at at ADP crl-14901 13 11 the the DET crl-14901 13 12 university university PROPN crl-14901 13 13 of of ADP crl-14901 13 14 north north PROPN crl-14901 13 15 carolina carolina PROPN crl-14901 13 16 at at ADP crl-14901 13 17 chapel chapel PROPN crl-14901 13 18 hill hill PROPN crl-14901 13 19 . . PUNCT crl-14901 14 1 this this DET crl-14901 14 2 research research NOUN crl-14901 14 3 was be AUX crl-14901 14 4 supported support VERB crl-14901 14 5 by by ADP crl-14901 14 6 a a DET crl-14901 14 7 clr clr PROPN crl-14901 14 8 / / SYM crl-14901 14 9 kellogg kellogg NOUN crl-14901 14 10 dissertation dissertation NOUN crl-14901 14 11 gmnt gmnt NOUN crl-14901 14 12 . . PUNCT crl-14901 15 1 297 297 NUM crl-14901 15 2 ~--------------------------------------------------------------~-------298 ~--------------------------------------------------------------~-------298 PUNCT crl-14901 15 3 college college PROPN crl-14901 15 4 & & CCONJ crl-14901 15 5 research research PROPN crl-14901 15 6 libraries librarie VERB crl-14901 15 7 membership membership NOUN crl-14901 15 8 status status NOUN crl-14901 15 9 ; ; PUNCT crl-14901 15 10 and and CCONJ crl-14901 15 11 ( ( PUNCT crl-14901 15 12 3 3 NUM crl-14901 15 13 ) ) PUNCT crl-14901 15 14 union union NOUN crl-14901 15 15 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 15 16 . . PUNCT crl-14901 16 1 multiple multiple ADJ crl-14901 16 2 regression regression NOUN crl-14901 16 3 analysis analysis NOUN crl-14901 16 4 was be AUX crl-14901 16 5 used use VERB crl-14901 16 6 with with ADP crl-14901 16 7 the the DET crl-14901 16 8 control control NOUN crl-14901 16 9 of of ADP crl-14901 16 10 several several ADJ crl-14901 16 11 demographic demographic ADJ crl-14901 16 12 variables variable NOUN crl-14901 16 13 that that PRON crl-14901 16 14 could could AUX crl-14901 16 15 otherwise otherwise ADV crl-14901 16 16 affect affect VERB crl-14901 16 17 the the DET crl-14901 16 18 results result NOUN crl-14901 16 19 of of ADP crl-14901 16 20 the the DET crl-14901 16 21 statistical statistical ADJ crl-14901 16 22 analysis analysis NOUN crl-14901 16 23 . . PUNCT crl-14901 17 1 although although SCONJ crl-14901 17 2 these these DET crl-14901 17 3 control control NOUN crl-14901 17 4 variables variable NOUN crl-14901 17 5 were be AUX crl-14901 17 6 not not PART crl-14901 17 7 of of ADP crl-14901 17 8 central central ADJ crl-14901 17 9 concern concern NOUN crl-14901 17 10 in in ADP crl-14901 17 11 the the DET crl-14901 17 12 research research NOUN crl-14901 17 13 , , PUNCT crl-14901 17 14 their their PRON crl-14901 17 15 entrance entrance NOUN crl-14901 17 16 into into ADP crl-14901 17 17 the the DET crl-14901 17 18 regression regression NOUN crl-14901 17 19 equations equation NOUN crl-14901 17 20 allowed allow VERB crl-14901 17 21 the the DET crl-14901 17 22 examination examination NOUN crl-14901 17 23 of of ADP crl-14901 17 24 their their PRON crl-14901 17 25 possible possible ADJ crl-14901 17 26 impact impact NOUN crl-14901 17 27 on on ADP crl-14901 17 28 the the DET crl-14901 17 29 way way NOUN crl-14901 17 30 the the DET crl-14901 17 31 surveyed survey VERB crl-14901 17 32 employees employee NOUN crl-14901 17 33 felt feel VERB crl-14901 17 34 about about ADP crl-14901 17 35 their their PRON crl-14901 17 36 library library NOUN crl-14901 17 37 employer employer NOUN crl-14901 17 38 . . PUNCT crl-14901 18 1 background background NOUN crl-14901 18 2 of of ADP crl-14901 18 3 the the DET crl-14901 18 4 study study NOUN crl-14901 18 5 the the DET crl-14901 18 6 emergence emergence NOUN crl-14901 18 7 of of ADP crl-14901 18 8 unions union NOUN crl-14901 18 9 can can AUX crl-14901 18 10 be be AUX crl-14901 18 11 treated treat VERB crl-14901 18 12 as as ADP crl-14901 18 13 the the DET crl-14901 18 14 result result NOUN crl-14901 18 15 of of ADP crl-14901 18 16 conflict conflict NOUN crl-14901 18 17 of of ADP crl-14901 18 18 interests interest NOUN crl-14901 18 19 between between ADP crl-14901 18 20 management management NOUN crl-14901 18 21 and and CCONJ crl-14901 18 22 the the DET crl-14901 18 23 workers worker NOUN crl-14901 18 24 . . PUNCT crl-14901 19 1 ralf ralf PROPN crl-14901 19 2 dahrendorf dahrendorf PROPN crl-14901 19 3 suggests suggest VERB crl-14901 19 4 that that SCONJ crl-14901 19 5 such such ADJ crl-14901 19 6 conflicting conflicting ADJ crl-14901 19 7 goals goal NOUN crl-14901 19 8 always always ADV crl-14901 19 9 exist exist VERB crl-14901 19 10 in in ADP crl-14901 19 11 all all DET crl-14901 19 12 authority authority NOUN crl-14901 19 13 relations relation NOUN crl-14901 19 14 , , PUNCT crl-14901 19 15 but but CCONJ crl-14901 19 16 it it PRON crl-14901 19 17 takes take VERB crl-14901 19 18 the the DET crl-14901 19 19 conscious conscious ADJ crl-14901 19 20 organization organization NOUN crl-14901 19 21 of of ADP crl-14901 19 22 opposing oppose VERB crl-14901 19 23 groups group NOUN crl-14901 19 24 to to PART crl-14901 19 25 make make VERB crl-14901 19 26 them they PRON crl-14901 19 27 clear clear ADJ crl-14901 19 28 and and CCONJ crl-14901 19 29 articulate articulate VERB crl-14901 19 30 to to ADP crl-14901 19 31 their their PRON crl-14901 19 32 members.1 members.1 NOUN crl-14901 19 33 dahrendorf dahrendorf NOUN crl-14901 19 34 ' ' PART crl-14901 19 35 s s PART crl-14901 19 36 basic basic ADJ crl-14901 19 37 argument argument NOUN crl-14901 19 38 has have AUX crl-14901 19 39 been be AUX crl-14901 19 40 that that DET crl-14901 19 41 social social ADJ crl-14901 19 42 organizations organization NOUN crl-14901 19 43 , , PUNCT crl-14901 19 44 and and CCONJ crl-14901 19 45 in in ADP crl-14901 19 46 fact fact NOUN crl-14901 19 47 all all PRON crl-14901 19 48 of of ADP crl-14901 19 49 society society NOUN crl-14901 19 50 , , PUNCT crl-14901 19 51 are be AUX crl-14901 19 52 characterized characterize VERB crl-14901 19 53 by by ADP crl-14901 19 54 authority authority NOUN crl-14901 19 55 relations relation NOUN crl-14901 19 56 . . PUNCT crl-14901 20 1 authority authority NOUN crl-14901 20 2 exists exist VERB crl-14901 20 3 " " PUNCT crl-14901 20 4 wherever wherever SCONJ crl-14901 20 5 there there PRON crl-14901 20 6 are be VERB crl-14901 20 7 people people NOUN crl-14901 20 8 whose whose DET crl-14901 20 9 actions action NOUN crl-14901 20 10 are be AUX crl-14901 20 11 subject subject ADJ crl-14901 20 12 to to ADP crl-14901 20 13 legitimate legitimate ADJ crl-14901 20 14 and and CCONJ crl-14901 20 15 sanctioned sanctioned ADJ crl-14901 20 16 prescriptions prescription NOUN crl-14901 20 17 that that PRON crl-14901 20 18 originate originate VERB crl-14901 20 19 outside outside ADP crl-14901 20 20 them they PRON crl-14901 20 21 but but CCONJ crl-14901 20 22 within within ADP crl-14901 20 23 the the DET crl-14901 20 24 social social ADJ crl-14901 20 25 structure structure NOUN crl-14901 20 26 . . PUNCT crl-14901 21 1 "2 "2 PUNCT crl-14901 22 1 the the DET crl-14901 22 2 implication implication NOUN crl-14901 22 3 is be AUX crl-14901 22 4 that that DET crl-14901 22 5 authority authority NOUN crl-14901 22 6 , , PUNCT crl-14901 22 7 in in ADP crl-14901 22 8 any any DET crl-14901 22 9 form form NOUN crl-14901 22 10 , , PUNCT crl-14901 22 11 is be AUX crl-14901 22 12 an an DET crl-14901 22 13 inherent inherent ADJ crl-14901 22 14 element element NOUN crl-14901 22 15 in in ADP crl-14901 22 16 the the DET crl-14901 22 17 social social ADJ crl-14901 22 18 structure structure NOUN crl-14901 22 19 , , PUNCT crl-14901 22 20 independent independent ADJ crl-14901 22 21 of of ADP crl-14901 22 22 the the DET crl-14901 22 23 personality personality NOUN crl-14901 22 24 of of ADP crl-14901 22 25 the the DET crl-14901 22 26 people people NOUN crl-14901 22 27 who who PRON crl-14901 22 28 exercise exercise VERB crl-14901 22 29 it it PRON crl-14901 22 30 . . PUNCT crl-14901 23 1 one one NUM crl-14901 23 2 of of ADP crl-14901 23 3 the the DET crl-14901 23 4 most most ADV crl-14901 23 5 important important ADJ crl-14901 23 6 propositions proposition NOUN crl-14901 23 7 of of ADP crl-14901 23 8 dahrendorf dahrendorf PROPN crl-14901 23 9 ' ' PART crl-14901 23 10 s s PART crl-14901 23 11 theory theory NOUN crl-14901 23 12 is be AUX crl-14901 23 13 that that SCONJ crl-14901 23 14 authority authority NOUN crl-14901 23 15 relations relation NOUN crl-14901 23 16 are be AUX crl-14901 23 17 the the DET crl-14901 23 18 cause cause NOUN crl-14901 23 19 of of ADP crl-14901 23 20 potential potential ADJ crl-14901 23 21 clashes clash NOUN crl-14901 23 22 of of ADP crl-14901 23 23 interests interest NOUN crl-14901 23 24 between between ADP crl-14901 23 25 those those PRON crl-14901 23 26 endowed endow VERB crl-14901 23 27 with with ADP crl-14901 23 28 the the DET crl-14901 23 29 decision decision NOUN crl-14901 23 30 - - PUNCT crl-14901 23 31 making make VERB crl-14901 23 32 power power NOUN crl-14901 23 33 and and CCONJ crl-14901 23 34 those those PRON crl-14901 23 35 who who PRON crl-14901 23 36 are be AUX crl-14901 23 37 subject subject ADJ crl-14901 23 38 to to ADP crl-14901 23 39 it it PRON crl-14901 23 40 . . PUNCT crl-14901 24 1 under under ADP crl-14901 24 2 certain certain ADJ crl-14901 24 3 conditions condition NOUN crl-14901 24 4 , , PUNCT crl-14901 24 5 dahrendorf dahrendorf PROPN crl-14901 24 6 says say VERB crl-14901 24 7 , , PUNCT crl-14901 24 8 these these DET crl-14901 24 9 clashes clash NOUN crl-14901 24 10 generate generate VERB crl-14901 24 11 the the DET crl-14901 24 12 formation formation NOUN crl-14901 24 13 of of ADP crl-14901 24 14 interest interest NOUN crl-14901 24 15 groups group NOUN crl-14901 24 16 that that PRON crl-14901 24 17 attempt attempt VERB crl-14901 24 18 to to PART crl-14901 24 19 modify modify VERB crl-14901 24 20 the the DET crl-14901 24 21 characteristics characteristic NOUN crl-14901 24 22 of of ADP crl-14901 24 23 the the DET crl-14901 24 24 social social ADJ crl-14901 24 25 structure structure NOUN crl-14901 24 26 . . PUNCT crl-14901 25 1 the the DET crl-14901 25 2 purpose purpose NOUN crl-14901 25 3 of of ADP crl-14901 25 4 such such ADJ crl-14901 25 5 groups group NOUN crl-14901 25 6 is be AUX crl-14901 25 7 to to PART crl-14901 25 8 improve improve VERB crl-14901 25 9 the the DET crl-14901 25 10 status status NOUN crl-14901 25 11 of of ADP crl-14901 25 12 their their PRON crl-14901 25 13 members member NOUN crl-14901 25 14 and and CCONJ crl-14901 25 15 increase increase VERB crl-14901 25 16 the the DET crl-14901 25 17 probability probability NOUN crl-14901 25 18 of of ADP crl-14901 25 19 finding find VERB crl-14901 25 20 satisfaction satisfaction NOUN crl-14901 25 21 for for ADP crl-14901 25 22 their their PRON crl-14901 25 23 wants want NOUN crl-14901 25 24 and and CCONJ crl-14901 25 25 needs need NOUN crl-14901 25 26 . . PUNCT crl-14901 26 1 thus thus ADV crl-14901 26 2 , , PUNCT crl-14901 26 3 group group NOUN crl-14901 26 4 conflict conflict NOUN crl-14901 26 5 can can AUX crl-14901 26 6 be be AUX crl-14901 26 7 perceived perceive VERB crl-14901 26 8 as as ADP crl-14901 26 9 an an DET crl-14901 26 10 inescapable inescapable ADJ crl-14901 26 11 consequence consequence NOUN crl-14901 26 12 of of ADP crl-14901 26 13 the the DET crl-14901 26 14 presence presence NOUN crl-14901 26 15 of of ADP crl-14901 26 16 opposing oppose VERB crl-14901 26 17 interests interest NOUN crl-14901 26 18 , , PUNCT crl-14901 26 19 and and CCONJ crl-14901 26 20 as as SCONJ crl-14901 26 21 lewis lewis PROPN crl-14901 26 22 a. a. PROPN crl-14901 26 23 coser coser PROPN crl-14901 26 24 defines define VERB crl-14901 26 25 it it PRON crl-14901 26 26 , , PUNCT crl-14901 26 27 " " PUNCT crl-14901 26 28 a a DET crl-14901 26 29 struggle struggle NOUN crl-14901 26 30 over over ADP crl-14901 26 31 values value NOUN crl-14901 26 32 and and CCONJ crl-14901 26 33 claims claim NOUN crl-14901 26 34 to to ADP crl-14901 26 35 scarce scarce ADJ crl-14901 26 36 status status NOUN crl-14901 26 37 , , PUNCT crl-14901 26 38 july1994 july1994 PROPN crl-14901 26 39 power power NOUN crl-14901 26 40 and and CCONJ crl-14901 26 41 resources resource NOUN crl-14901 26 42 . . PUNCT crl-14901 27 1 "3 "3 PUNCT crl-14901 27 2 it it PRON crl-14901 27 3 is be AUX crl-14901 27 4 true true ADJ crl-14901 27 5 that that SCONJ crl-14901 27 6 conflict conflict NOUN crl-14901 27 7 often often ADV crl-14901 27 8 carries carry VERB crl-14901 27 9 with with ADP crl-14901 27 10 it it PRON crl-14901 27 11 negative negative ADJ crl-14901 27 12 connotations connotation NOUN crl-14901 27 13 that that PRON crl-14901 27 14 come come VERB crl-14901 27 15 from from ADP crl-14901 27 16 the the DET crl-14901 27 17 very very ADJ crl-14901 27 18 fact fact NOUN crl-14901 27 19 that that SCONJ crl-14901 27 20 it it PRON crl-14901 27 21 is be AUX crl-14901 27 22 usually usually ADV crl-14901 27 23 associated associate VERB crl-14901 27 24 with with ADP crl-14901 27 25 aggression aggression NOUN crl-14901 27 26 and and CCONJ crl-14901 27 27 hostility hostility NOUN crl-14901 27 28 , , PUNCT crl-14901 27 29 yet yet ADV crl-14901 27 30 , , PUNCT crl-14901 27 31 as as SCONJ crl-14901 27 32 coser coser NOUN crl-14901 27 33 explains explain VERB crl-14901 27 34 , , PUNCT crl-14901 27 35 " " PUNCT crl-14901 27 36 aggression aggression NOUN crl-14901 27 37 may may AUX crl-14901 27 38 be be AUX crl-14901 27 39 regarded regard VERB crl-14901 27 40 as as ADP crl-14901 27 41 an an DET crl-14901 27 42 index index NOUN crl-14901 27 43 of of ADP crl-14901 27 44 conflict conflict NOUN crl-14901 27 45 , , PUNCT crl-14901 27 46 but but CCONJ crl-14901 27 47 this this PRON crl-14901 27 48 does do AUX crl-14901 27 49 not not PART crl-14901 27 50 imply imply VERB crl-14901 27 51 that that SCONJ crl-14901 27 52 every every DET crl-14901 27 53 conflict conflict NOUN crl-14901 27 54 must must AUX crl-14901 27 55 be be AUX crl-14901 27 56 accompanied accompany VERB crl-14901 27 57 by by ADP crl-14901 27 58 aggressiveness aggressiveness NOUN crl-14901 27 59 . . PUNCT crl-14901 27 60 "4 "4 PUNCT crl-14901 28 1 a a DET crl-14901 28 2 number number NOUN crl-14901 28 3 of of ADP crl-14901 28 4 sociologists sociologist NOUN crl-14901 28 5 believe believe VERB crl-14901 28 6 that that SCONJ crl-14901 28 7 the the DET crl-14901 28 8 existence existence NOUN crl-14901 28 9 of of ADP crl-14901 28 10 conflict conflict NOUN crl-14901 28 11 is be AUX crl-14901 28 12 not not PART crl-14901 28 13 necessarily necessarily ADV crl-14901 28 14 detrimental detrimental ADJ crl-14901 28 15 or or CCONJ crl-14901 28 16 dysfunctional dysfunctional ADJ crl-14901 28 17 for for ADP crl-14901 28 18 the the DET crl-14901 28 19 relationships relationship NOUN crl-14901 28 20 in in ADP crl-14901 28 21 which which PRON crl-14901 28 22 it it PRON crl-14901 28 23 occurs occur VERB crl-14901 28 24 . . PUNCT crl-14901 29 1 some some PRON crl-14901 29 2 prefer prefer VERB crl-14901 29 3 to to PART crl-14901 29 4 treat treat VERB crl-14901 29 5 it it PRON crl-14901 29 6 as as ADP crl-14901 29 7 a a DET crl-14901 29 8 balancing balance VERB crl-14901 29 9 force force NOUN crl-14901 29 10 in in ADP crl-14901 29 11 power power NOUN crl-14901 29 12 distribution distribution NOUN crl-14901 29 13 and and CCONJ crl-14901 29 14 , , PUNCT crl-14901 29 15 for for ADP crl-14901 29 16 this this DET crl-14901 29 17 reason reason NOUN crl-14901 29 18 , , PUNCT crl-14901 29 19 as as ADP crl-14901 29 20 valuable valuable ADJ crl-14901 29 21 and and CCONJ crl-14901 29 22 beneficial beneficial ADJ crl-14901 29 23 . . PUNCT crl-14901 30 1 georg georg NOUN crl-14901 30 2 simmel simmel PROPN crl-14901 30 3 , , PUNCT crl-14901 30 4 for for ADP crl-14901 30 5 example example NOUN crl-14901 30 6 , , PUNCT crl-14901 30 7 described describe VERB crl-14901 30 8 conflict conflict NOUN crl-14901 30 9 in in ADP crl-14901 30 10 the the DET crl-14901 30 11 following follow VERB crl-14901 30 12 terms term NOUN crl-14901 30 13 : : PUNCT crl-14901 30 14 conflict conflict NOUN crl-14901 30 15 is be AUX crl-14901 30 16 designed design VERB crl-14901 30 17 to to PART crl-14901 30 18 resolve resolve VERB crl-14901 30 19 divergent divergent ADJ crl-14901 30 20 dualisms dualism NOUN crl-14901 30 21 ; ; PUNCT crl-14901 30 22 it it PRON crl-14901 30 23 is be AUX crl-14901 30 24 a a DET crl-14901 30 25 way way NOUN crl-14901 30 26 of of ADP crl-14901 30 27 achieving achieve VERB crl-14901 30 28 some some DET crl-14901 30 29 kind kind NOUN crl-14901 30 30 of of ADP crl-14901 30 31 unity unity NOUN crl-14901 30 32 . . PUNCT crl-14901 30 33 . . PUNCT crl-14901 31 1 . . PUNCT crl-14901 31 2 . . PUNCT crl-14901 32 1 this this PRON crl-14901 32 2 is be AUX crl-14901 32 3 roughly roughly ADV crl-14901 32 4 parallel parallel ADJ crl-14901 32 5 to to ADP crl-14901 32 6 the the DET crl-14901 32 7 fact fact NOUN crl-14901 32 8 that that SCONJ crl-14901 32 9 it it PRON crl-14901 32 10 is be AUX crl-14901 32 11 a a DET crl-14901 32 12 most most ADV crl-14901 32 13 violent violent ADJ crl-14901 32 14 symptom symptom NOUN crl-14901 32 15 of of ADP crl-14901 32 16 a a DET crl-14901 32 17 disease disease NOUN crl-14901 32 18 which which PRON crl-14901 32 19 represents represent VERB crl-14901 32 20 the the DET crl-14901 32 21 effort effort NOUN crl-14901 32 22 of of ADP crl-14901 32 23 the the DET crl-14901 32 24 organism organism NOUN crl-14901 32 25 to to PART crl-14901 32 26 free free VERB crl-14901 32 27 itself itself PRON crl-14901 32 28 of of ADP crl-14901 32 29 disturbances disturbance NOUN crl-14901 32 30 and and CCONJ crl-14901 32 31 damages damage NOUN crl-14901 32 32 caused cause VERB crl-14901 32 33 by by ADP crl-14901 32 34 them they PRON crl-14901 32 35 . . PUNCT crl-14901 32 36 . . PUNCT crl-14901 33 1 .. .. PUNCT crl-14901 33 2 conflict conflict VERB crl-14901 33 3 itself itself PRON crl-14901 33 4 resolves resolve VERB crl-14901 33 5 the the DET crl-14901 33 6 tension tension NOUN crl-14901 33 7 between between ADP crl-14901 33 8 contrasts contrast NOUN crl-14901 33 9 . . PUNCT crl-14901 34 1 5 5 NUM crl-14901 34 2 in in ADP crl-14901 34 3 this this DET crl-14901 34 4 way way NOUN crl-14901 34 5 , , PUNCT crl-14901 34 6 simmel simmel PROPN crl-14901 34 7 advances advance VERB crl-14901 34 8 the the DET crl-14901 34 9 notion notion NOUN crl-14901 34 10 that that SCONJ crl-14901 34 11 conflict conflict NOUN crl-14901 34 12 serves serve VERB crl-14901 34 13 as as ADP crl-14901 34 14 a a DET crl-14901 34 15 " " PUNCT crl-14901 34 16 safety safety NOUN crl-14901 34 17 valve valve NOUN crl-14901 34 18 " " PUNCT crl-14901 34 19 for for ADP crl-14901 34 20 the the DET crl-14901 34 21 release release NOUN crl-14901 34 22 of of ADP crl-14901 34 23 hostility hostility NOUN crl-14901 34 24 which which PRON crl-14901 34 25 otherwise otherwise ADV crl-14901 34 26 would would AUX crl-14901 34 27 be be AUX crl-14901 34 28 detrimental detrimental ADJ crl-14901 34 29 in in ADP crl-14901 34 30 the the DET crl-14901 34 31 relation relation NOUN crl-14901 34 32 between between ADP crl-14901 34 33 the the DET crl-14901 34 34 antagonists antagonist NOUN crl-14901 34 35 . . PUNCT crl-14901 35 1 by by ADP crl-14901 35 2 releasing release VERB crl-14901 35 3 feelings feeling NOUN crl-14901 35 4 of of ADP crl-14901 35 5 resentment resentment NOUN crl-14901 35 6 , , PUNCT crl-14901 35 7 conflicts conflict NOUN crl-14901 35 8 can can AUX crl-14901 35 9 work work VERB crl-14901 35 10 as as ADP crl-14901 35 11 a a DET crl-14901 35 12 force force NOUN crl-14901 35 13 for for ADP crl-14901 35 14 maintaining maintain VERB crl-14901 35 15 a a DET crl-14901 35 16 relationship relationship NOUN crl-14901 35 17 . . PUNCT crl-14901 36 1 employee employee NOUN crl-14901 36 2 organization organization NOUN crl-14901 36 3 in in ADP crl-14901 36 4 the the DET crl-14901 36 5 form form NOUN crl-14901 36 6 of of ADP crl-14901 36 7 either either DET crl-14901 36 8 unions union NOUN crl-14901 36 9 or or CCONJ crl-14901 36 10 other other ADJ crl-14901 36 11 independent independent ADJ crl-14901 36 12 employee employee NOUN crl-14901 36 13 associations association NOUN crl-14901 36 14 is be AUX crl-14901 36 15 one one NUM crl-14901 36 16 example example NOUN crl-14901 36 17 of of ADP crl-14901 36 18 contemporary contemporary ADJ crl-14901 36 19 experience experience NOUN crl-14901 36 20 of of ADP crl-14901 36 21 social social ADJ crl-14901 36 22 conflicts conflict NOUN crl-14901 36 23 . . PUNCT crl-14901 37 1 the the DET crl-14901 37 2 beginning beginning NOUN crl-14901 37 3 of of ADP crl-14901 37 4 the the DET crl-14901 37 5 twentieth twentieth ADJ crl-14901 37 6 century century NOUN crl-14901 37 7 saw see VERB crl-14901 37 8 the the DET crl-14901 37 9 phenomenal phenomenal ADJ crl-14901 37 10 rise rise NOUN crl-14901 37 11 of of ADP crl-14901 37 12 big big ADJ crl-14901 37 13 business business NOUN crl-14901 37 14 and and CCONJ crl-14901 37 15 big big ADJ crl-14901 37 16 government government NOUN crl-14901 37 17 . . PUNCT crl-14901 38 1 as as SCONJ crl-14901 38 2 c. c. PROPN crl-14901 38 3 wright wright PROPN crl-14901 38 4 mills mills PROPN crl-14901 38 5 describes describe VERB crl-14901 38 6 , , PUNCT crl-14901 38 7 both both PRON crl-14901 38 8 in in ADP crl-14901 38 9 the the DET crl-14901 38 10 private private ADJ crl-14901 38 11 industry industry NOUN crl-14901 38 12 and and CCONJ crl-14901 38 13 public public ADJ crl-14901 38 14 sector sector NOUN crl-14901 38 15 , , PUNCT crl-14901 38 16 employees employee NOUN crl-14901 38 17 often often ADV crl-14901 38 18 found find VERB crl-14901 38 19 themselves themselves PRON crl-14901 38 20 in in ADP crl-14901 38 21 confrontation confrontation NOUN crl-14901 38 22 with with ADP crl-14901 38 23 complex complex ADJ crl-14901 38 24 and and CCONJ crl-14901 38 25 depersonalized depersonalize VERB crl-14901 38 26 employment employment NOUN crl-14901 38 27 relations relation NOUN crl-14901 38 28 . . PUNCT crl-14901 39 1 in in ADP crl-14901 39 2 such such DET crl-14901 39 3 a a DET crl-14901 39 4 bureaucracy bureaucracy NOUN crl-14901 39 5 , , PUNCT crl-14901 39 6 unions union NOUN crl-14901 39 7 appeared appear VERB crl-14901 39 8 to to ADP crl-14901 39 9 some some PRON crl-14901 39 10 of of ADP crl-14901 39 11 these these DET crl-14901 39 12 employees employee NOUN crl-14901 39 13 as as ADP crl-14901 39 14 one one NUM crl-14901 39 15 way way NOUN crl-14901 39 16 to to PART crl-14901 39 17 exert exert VERB crl-14901 39 18 some some DET crl-14901 39 19 influence influence NOUN crl-14901 39 20 in in ADP crl-14901 39 21 the the DET crl-14901 39 22 creation creation NOUN crl-14901 39 23 of of ADP crl-14901 39 24 work work NOUN crl-14901 39 25 rules.6 rules.6 X crl-14901 39 26 however however ADV crl-14901 39 27 , , PUNCT crl-14901 39 28 by by ADP crl-14901 39 29 the the DET crl-14901 39 30 1950s 1950 NOUN crl-14901 39 31 the the DET crl-14901 39 32 fast fast ADJ crl-14901 39 33 expansion expansion NOUN crl-14901 39 34 of of ADP crl-14901 39 35 unionization unionization NOUN crl-14901 39 36 brought bring VERB crl-14901 39 37 with with ADP crl-14901 39 38 it it PRON crl-14901 39 39 deep deep ADJ crl-14901 39 40 concern concern NOUN crl-14901 39 41 about about ADP crl-14901 39 42 the the DET crl-14901 39 43 organized organize VERB crl-14901 39 44 employees employee NOUN crl-14901 39 45 ' ' PART crl-14901 39 46 degree degree NOUN crl-14901 39 47 of of ADP crl-14901 39 48 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 39 49 to to ADP crl-14901 39 50 their their PRON crl-14901 39 51 employing employ VERB crl-14901 39 52 organization organization NOUN crl-14901 39 53 . . PUNCT crl-14901 40 1 according accord VERB crl-14901 40 2 to to ADP crl-14901 40 3 lois lois PROPN crl-14901 40 4 dean dean PROPN crl-14901 40 5 , , PUNCT crl-14901 40 6 a a DET crl-14901 40 7 number number NOUN crl-14901 40 8 of of ADP crl-14901 40 9 people people NOUN crl-14901 40 10 considered consider VERB crl-14901 40 11 it it PRON crl-14901 40 12 a a DET crl-14901 40 13 matter matter NOUN crl-14901 40 14 of of ADP crl-14901 40 15 common common ADJ crl-14901 40 16 sense sense NOUN crl-14901 40 17 that that SCONJ crl-14901 40 18 workers worker NOUN crl-14901 40 19 who who PRON crl-14901 40 20 belonged belong VERB crl-14901 40 21 to to ADP crl-14901 40 22 or or CCONJ crl-14901 40 23 supported support VERB crl-14901 40 24 union union NOUN crl-14901 40 25 organizations organization NOUN crl-14901 40 26 perceived perceive VERB crl-14901 40 27 a a DET crl-14901 40 28 fundamental fundamental ADJ crl-14901 40 29 conflict conflict NOUN crl-14901 40 30 of of ADP crl-14901 40 31 interest interest NOUN crl-14901 40 32 with with ADP crl-14901 40 33 management management NOUN crl-14901 40 34 , , PUNCT crl-14901 40 35 which which PRON crl-14901 40 36 caused cause VERB crl-14901 40 37 them they PRON crl-14901 40 38 to to PART crl-14901 40 39 identify identify VERB crl-14901 40 40 less less ADJ crl-14901 40 41 with with ADP crl-14901 40 42 the the DET crl-14901 40 43 employing employ VERB crl-14901 40 44 organization.7 organization.7 PROPN crl-14901 40 45 scholars scholar NOUN crl-14901 40 46 of of ADP crl-14901 40 47 that that DET crl-14901 40 48 period period NOUN crl-14901 40 49 , , PUNCT crl-14901 40 50 for for ADP crl-14901 40 51 instance instance NOUN crl-14901 40 52 , , PUNCT crl-14901 40 53 solomon solomon PROPN crl-14901 40 54 barkin barkin PROPN crl-14901 40 55 and and CCONJ crl-14901 40 56 george george PROPN crl-14901 40 57 w. w. PROPN crl-14901 40 58 england england PROPN crl-14901 40 59 , , PUNCT crl-14901 40 60 argued argue VERB crl-14901 40 61 that that SCONJ crl-14901 40 62 workers worker NOUN crl-14901 40 63 can can AUX crl-14901 40 64 not not PART crl-14901 40 65 maintain maintain VERB crl-14901 40 66 loyalty loyalty NOUN crl-14901 40 67 to to ADP crl-14901 40 68 both both CCONJ crl-14901 40 69 their their PRON crl-14901 40 70 unions union NOUN crl-14901 40 71 and and CCONJ crl-14901 40 72 companies company NOUN crl-14901 40 73 at at ADP crl-14901 40 74 the the DET crl-14901 40 75 same same ADJ crl-14901 40 76 time.8•9 time.8•9 ADP crl-14901 40 77 england england PROPN crl-14901 40 78 tried try VERB crl-14901 40 79 to to PART crl-14901 40 80 prove prove VERB crl-14901 40 81 his his PRON crl-14901 40 82 thesis thesis NOUN crl-14901 40 83 with with ADP crl-14901 40 84 the the DET crl-14901 40 85 evidence evidence NOUN crl-14901 40 86 of of ADP crl-14901 40 87 a a DET crl-14901 40 88 study study NOUN crl-14901 40 89 he he PRON crl-14901 40 90 conducted conduct VERB crl-14901 40 91 within within ADP crl-14901 40 92 two two NUM crl-14901 40 93 unionized unionized ADJ crl-14901 40 94 employee employee NOUN crl-14901 40 95 groups group NOUN crl-14901 40 96 . . PUNCT crl-14901 41 1 his his PRON crl-14901 41 2 research research NOUN crl-14901 41 3 , , PUNCT crl-14901 41 4 however however ADV crl-14901 41 5 , , PUNCT crl-14901 41 6 showed show VERB crl-14901 41 7 that that SCONJ crl-14901 41 8 there there PRON crl-14901 41 9 was be VERB crl-14901 41 10 actually actually ADV crl-14901 41 11 no no DET crl-14901 41 12 strong strong ADJ crl-14901 41 13 relationship relationship NOUN crl-14901 41 14 between between ADP crl-14901 41 15 attitudes attitude NOUN crl-14901 41 16 toward toward ADP crl-14901 41 17 the the DET crl-14901 41 18 company company NOUN crl-14901 41 19 and and CCONJ crl-14901 41 20 attitudes attitude NOUN crl-14901 41 21 toward toward ADP crl-14901 41 22 the the DET crl-14901 41 23 union union NOUN crl-14901 41 24 . . PUNCT crl-14901 42 1 these these DET crl-14901 42 2 suggestions suggestion NOUN crl-14901 42 3 gave give VERB crl-14901 42 4 rise rise NOUN crl-14901 42 5 to to AUX crl-14901 42 6 research research VERB crl-14901 42 7 interest interest NOUN crl-14901 42 8 and and CCONJ crl-14901 42 9 were be AUX crl-14901 42 10 soon soon ADV crl-14901 42 11 challenged challenge VERB crl-14901 42 12 by by ADP crl-14901 42 13 new new ADJ crl-14901 42 14 research research NOUN crl-14901 42 15 findings finding NOUN crl-14901 42 16 which which PRON crl-14901 42 17 indicated indicate VERB crl-14901 42 18 that that DET crl-14901 42 19 rank rank NOUN crl-14901 42 20 and and CCONJ crl-14901 42 21 file file NOUN crl-14901 42 22 loyalty loyalty NOUN crl-14901 42 23 to to ADP crl-14901 42 24 the the DET crl-14901 42 25 union union NOUN crl-14901 42 26 did do AUX crl-14901 42 27 not not PART crl-14901 42 28 necessarily necessarily ADV crl-14901 42 29 preclude preclude VERB crl-14901 42 30 loyalty loyalty NOUN crl-14901 42 31 to to ADP crl-14901 42 32 management management NOUN crl-14901 42 33 . . PUNCT crl-14901 43 1 10 10 NUM crl-14901 43 2 in in ADP crl-14901 43 3 1952 1952 NUM crl-14901 43 4 , , PUNCT crl-14901 43 5 arnold arnold PROPN crl-14901 43 6 rose rise VERB crl-14901 43 7 , , PUNCT crl-14901 43 8 in in ADP crl-14901 43 9 a a DET crl-14901 43 10 study study NOUN crl-14901 43 11 of of ADP crl-14901 43 12 a a DET crl-14901 43 13 teamsters teamster NOUN crl-14901 43 14 ' ' PART crl-14901 43 15 local local ADJ crl-14901 43 16 in in ADP crl-14901 43 17 st st PROPN crl-14901 43 18 . . PROPN crl-14901 43 19 louis louis PROPN crl-14901 43 20 , , PUNCT crl-14901 43 21 said say VERB crl-14901 43 22 , , PUNCT crl-14901 43 23 " " PUNCT crl-14901 43 24 people people NOUN crl-14901 43 25 can can AUX crl-14901 43 26 have have VERB crl-14901 43 27 loyalty loyalty NOUN crl-14901 43 28 to to ADP crl-14901 43 29 two two NUM crl-14901 43 30 or or CCONJ crl-14901 43 31 more more ADJ crl-14901 43 32 groups group NOUN crl-14901 43 33 or or CCONJ crl-14901 43 34 two two NUM crl-14901 43 35 sets set NOUN crl-14901 43 36 of of ADP crl-14901 43 37 values value NOUN crl-14901 43 38 , , PUNCT crl-14901 43 39 even even ADV crl-14901 43 40 when when SCONJ crl-14901 43 41 those those DET crl-14901 43 42 groups group NOUN crl-14901 43 43 or or CCONJ crl-14901 43 44 values value NOUN crl-14901 43 45 are be AUX crl-14901 43 46 in in ADP crl-14901 43 47 conflict conflict NOUN crl-14901 43 48 . . PUNCT crl-14901 44 1 in in ADP crl-14901 44 2 concrete concrete ADJ crl-14901 44 3 terms term NOUN crl-14901 44 4 , , PUNCT crl-14901 44 5 loyalty loyalty NOUN crl-14901 44 6 to to ADP crl-14901 44 7 the the DET crl-14901 44 8 union union NOUN crl-14901 44 9 does do AUX crl-14901 44 10 not not PART crl-14901 44 11 mean mean VERB crl-14901 44 12 disloyalty disloyalty NOUN crl-14901 44 13 to to ADP crl-14901 44 14 the the DET crl-14901 44 15 employer employer NOUN crl-14901 44 16 . . PUNCT crl-14901 44 17 " " PUNCT crl-14901 45 1 11 11 NUM crl-14901 45 2 two two NUM crl-14901 45 3 years year NOUN crl-14901 45 4 later later ADV crl-14901 45 5 , , PUNCT crl-14901 45 6 dean dean PROPN crl-14901 45 7 found find VERB crl-14901 45 8 that that SCONJ crl-14901 45 9 positive positive ADJ crl-14901 45 10 attitudes attitude NOUN crl-14901 45 11 toward toward ADP crl-14901 45 12 both both DET crl-14901 45 13 union union NOUN crl-14901 45 14 and and CCONJ crl-14901 45 15 management management NOUN crl-14901 45 16 may may AUX crl-14901 45 17 occur occur VERB crl-14901 45 18 regardless regardless ADV crl-14901 45 19 of of ADP crl-14901 45 20 the the DET crl-14901 45 21 degree degree NOUN crl-14901 45 22 of of ADP crl-14901 45 23 conflict conflict NOUN crl-14901 45 24 between between ADP crl-14901 45 25 union union NOUN crl-14901 45 26 and and CCONJ crl-14901 45 27 management management NOUN crl-14901 45 28 . . PUNCT crl-14901 46 1 more more ADV crl-14901 46 2 specifically specifically ADV crl-14901 46 3 , , PUNCT crl-14901 46 4 using use VERB crl-14901 46 5 data datum NOUN crl-14901 46 6 from from ADP crl-14901 46 7 three three NUM crl-14901 46 8 union union NOUN crl-14901 46 9 studies study NOUN crl-14901 46 10 , , PUNCT crl-14901 46 11 dean dean PROPN crl-14901 46 12 reported report VERB crl-14901 46 13 that that SCONJ crl-14901 46 14 even even ADV crl-14901 46 15 in in ADP crl-14901 46 16 cases case NOUN crl-14901 46 17 of of ADP crl-14901 46 18 overt overt ADJ crl-14901 46 19 conflict conflict NOUN crl-14901 46 20 between between ADP crl-14901 46 21 the the DET crl-14901 46 22 two two NUM crl-14901 46 23 organizations organization NOUN crl-14901 46 24 , , PUNCT crl-14901 46 25 the the DET crl-14901 46 26 worker worker NOUN crl-14901 46 27 's 's PART crl-14901 46 28 dual dual ADJ crl-14901 46 29 loyalty loyalty NOUN crl-14901 46 30 may may AUX crl-14901 46 31 still still ADV crl-14901 46 32 exist exist VERB crl-14901 46 33 in in ADP crl-14901 46 34 the the DET crl-14901 46 35 plant plant NOUN crl-14901 46 36 . . PUNCT crl-14901 47 1 also also ADV crl-14901 47 2 in in ADP crl-14901 47 3 this this DET crl-14901 47 4 study study NOUN crl-14901 47 5 , , PUNCT crl-14901 47 6 the the DET crl-14901 47 7 workers worker NOUN crl-14901 47 8 who who PRON crl-14901 47 9 were be AUX crl-14901 47 10 found find VERB crl-14901 47 11 to to PART crl-14901 47 12 feel feel VERB crl-14901 47 13 most most ADV crl-14901 47 14 positively positively ADV crl-14901 47 15 toward toward ADP crl-14901 47 16 management management NOUN crl-14901 47 17 were be AUX crl-14901 47 18 equally equally ADV crl-14901 47 19 welldisposed welldisposed ADJ crl-14901 47 20 towards towards ADP crl-14901 47 21 the the DET crl-14901 47 22 union union NOUN crl-14901 47 23 , , PUNCT crl-14901 47 24 and and CCONJ crl-14901 47 25 vice vice NOUN crl-14901 47 26 versa.u versa.u PROPN crl-14901 47 27 dean dean PROPN crl-14901 47 28 's 's PART crl-14901 47 29 research research NOUN crl-14901 47 30 findings finding NOUN crl-14901 47 31 were be AUX crl-14901 47 32 confirmed confirm VERB crl-14901 47 33 by by ADP crl-14901 47 34 ross ross PROPN crl-14901 47 35 stagner stagner NOUN crl-14901 47 36 in in ADP crl-14901 47 37 his his PRON crl-14901 47 38 lllini lllini ADJ crl-14901 47 39 city city NOUN crl-14901 47 40 investigation investigation NOUN crl-14901 47 41 , , PUNCT crl-14901 47 42 and and CCONJ crl-14901 47 43 theodore theodore VERB crl-14901 47 44 purcell purcell VERB crl-14901 47 45 in in ADP crl-14901 47 46 his his PRON crl-14901 47 47 research research NOUN crl-14901 47 48 on on ADP crl-14901 47 49 the the DET crl-14901 47 50 concept concept NOUN crl-14901 47 51 of of ADP crl-14901 47 52 dual dual ADJ crl-14901 47 53 allegiance allegiance NOUN crl-14901 47 54 in in ADP crl-14901 47 55 a a DET crl-14901 47 56 meat meat NOUN crl-14901 47 57 packing packing NOUN crl-14901 47 58 plant plant NOUN crl-14901 47 59 in in ADP crl-14901 47 60 chicago.13•14 chicago.13•14 NOUN crl-14901 47 61 both both PRON crl-14901 47 62 of of ADP crl-14901 47 63 these these DET crl-14901 47 64 studies study NOUN crl-14901 47 65 showed show VERB crl-14901 47 66 that that SCONJ crl-14901 47 67 dual dual ADJ crl-14901 47 68 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 47 69 is be AUX crl-14901 47 70 possible possible ADJ crl-14901 47 71 among among ADP crl-14901 47 72 union union NOUN crl-14901 47 73 members member NOUN crl-14901 47 74 . . PUNCT crl-14901 48 1 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14901 48 2 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 48 3 299 299 NUM crl-14901 48 4 in in ADP crl-14901 48 5 spite spite NOUN crl-14901 48 6 of of ADP crl-14901 48 7 all all DET crl-14901 48 8 the the DET crl-14901 48 9 research research NOUN crl-14901 48 10 ferment ferment NOUN crl-14901 48 11 that that SCONJ crl-14901 48 12 the the DET crl-14901 48 13 concept concept NOUN crl-14901 48 14 of of ADP crl-14901 48 15 dual dual ADJ crl-14901 48 16 allegiance allegiance NOUN crl-14901 48 17 created create VERB crl-14901 48 18 in in ADP crl-14901 48 19 the the DET crl-14901 48 20 1950s 1950 NOUN crl-14901 48 21 , , PUNCT crl-14901 48 22 the the DET crl-14901 48 23 subject subject NOUN crl-14901 48 24 lay lie VERB crl-14901 48 25 dormant dormant ADJ crl-14901 48 26 for for ADP crl-14901 48 27 nearly nearly ADV crl-14901 48 28 twenty twenty NUM crl-14901 48 29 years year NOUN crl-14901 48 30 . . PUNCT crl-14901 49 1 in in ADP crl-14901 49 2 the the DET crl-14901 49 3 meantime meantime NOUN crl-14901 49 4 , , PUNCT crl-14901 49 5 the the DET crl-14901 49 6 research research NOUN crl-14901 49 7 interest interest NOUN crl-14901 49 8 shifted shift VERB crl-14901 49 9 to to ADP crl-14901 49 10 the the DET crl-14901 49 11 concept concept NOUN crl-14901 49 12 of of ADP crl-14901 49 13 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14901 49 14 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 49 15 , , PUNCT crl-14901 49 16 which which PRON crl-14901 49 17 , , PUNCT crl-14901 49 18 according accord VERB crl-14901 49 19 to to ADP crl-14901 49 20 harold harold PROPN crl-14901 49 21 l. l. PROPN crl-14901 49 22 angle angle PROPN crl-14901 49 23 and and CCONJ crl-14901 49 24 james james PROPN crl-14901 49 25 l. l. PROPN crl-14901 49 26 perry perry PROPN crl-14901 49 27 , , PUNCT crl-14901 49 28 later later ADV crl-14901 49 29 inspired inspire VERB crl-14901 49 30 the the DET crl-14901 49 31 resurgence resurgence NOUN crl-14901 49 32 of of ADP crl-14901 49 33 the the DET crl-14901 49 34 theme theme NOUN crl-14901 49 35 of of ADP crl-14901 49 36 dual dual ADJ crl-14901 49 37 commitment.15 commitment.15 NOUN crl-14901 49 38 in in ADP crl-14901 49 39 spite spite NOUN crl-14901 49 40 of of ADP crl-14901 49 41 all all DET crl-14901 49 42 the the DET crl-14901 49 43 research research NOUN crl-14901 49 44 ferment ferment NOUN crl-14901 49 45 that that SCONJ crl-14901 49 46 the the DET crl-14901 49 47 concept concept NOUN crl-14901 49 48 of of ADP crl-14901 49 49 dual dual ADJ crl-14901 49 50 allegiance allegiance NOUN crl-14901 49 51 created create VERB crl-14901 49 52 in in ADP crl-14901 49 53 the the DET crl-14901 49 54 1950s 1950 NOUN crl-14901 49 55 , , PUNCT crl-14901 49 56 the the DET crl-14901 49 57 subject subject NOUN crl-14901 49 58 lay lie VERB crl-14901 49 59 dormant dormant ADJ crl-14901 49 60 for for ADP crl-14901 49 61 nearly nearly ADV crl-14901 49 62 twenty twenty NUM crl-14901 49 63 years year NOUN crl-14901 49 64 . . PUNCT crl-14901 50 1 in in ADP crl-14901 50 2 recent recent ADJ crl-14901 50 3 years year NOUN crl-14901 50 4 , , PUNCT crl-14901 50 5 a a DET crl-14901 50 6 number number NOUN crl-14901 50 7 of of ADP crl-14901 50 8 studies study NOUN crl-14901 50 9 have have AUX crl-14901 50 10 tried try VERB crl-14901 50 11 to to PART crl-14901 50 12 explain explain VERB crl-14901 50 13 variances variance NOUN crl-14901 50 14 in in ADP crl-14901 50 15 the the DET crl-14901 50 16 degree degree NOUN crl-14901 50 17 of of ADP crl-14901 50 18 dual dual ADJ crl-14901 50 19 allegiance allegiance NOUN crl-14901 50 20 among among ADP crl-14901 50 21 rank rank NOUN crl-14901 50 22 and and CCONJ crl-14901 50 23 file file VERB crl-14901 50 24 union union NOUN crl-14901 50 25 members member NOUN crl-14901 50 26 . . PUNCT crl-14901 51 1 for for ADP crl-14901 51 2 example example NOUN crl-14901 51 3 , , PUNCT crl-14901 51 4 cynthia cynthia PROPN crl-14901 51 5 fukami fukami PROPN crl-14901 51 6 and and CCONJ crl-14901 51 7 erik erik PROPN crl-14901 51 8 larson larson PROPN crl-14901 51 9 examined examine VERB crl-14901 51 10 the the DET crl-14901 51 11 degree degree NOUN crl-14901 51 12 of of ADP crl-14901 51 13 expressed express VERB crl-14901 51 14 dual dual ADJ crl-14901 51 15 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 51 16 among among ADP crl-14901 51 17 unionized unionized ADJ crl-14901 51 18 blue blue ADJ crl-14901 51 19 - - PUNCT crl-14901 51 20 collar collar NOUN crl-14901 51 21 workers worker NOUN crl-14901 51 22 in in ADP crl-14901 51 23 the the DET crl-14901 51 24 private private ADJ crl-14901 51 25 sector.16 sector.16 NOUN crl-14901 51 26 their their PRON crl-14901 51 27 analysis analysis NOUN crl-14901 51 28 of of ADP crl-14901 51 29 data datum NOUN crl-14901 51 30 initially initially ADV crl-14901 51 31 indicated indicate VERB crl-14901 51 32 a a DET crl-14901 51 33 significant significant ADJ crl-14901 51 34 correlation correlation NOUN crl-14901 51 35 between between ADP crl-14901 51 36 union union NOUN crl-14901 51 37 and and CCONJ crl-14901 51 38 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14901 51 39 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 51 40 . . PUNCT crl-14901 52 1 however however ADV crl-14901 52 2 , , PUNCT crl-14901 52 3 when when SCONJ crl-14901 52 4 the the DET crl-14901 52 5 members member NOUN crl-14901 52 6 ' ' PART crl-14901 52 7 perceptions perception NOUN crl-14901 52 8 of of ADP crl-14901 52 9 the the DET crl-14901 52 10 nature nature NOUN crl-14901 52 11 of of ADP crl-14901 52 12 the the DET crl-14901 52 13 union union NOUN crl-14901 52 14 - - PUNCT crl-14901 52 15 management management NOUN crl-14901 52 16 relations relation NOUN crl-14901 52 17 were be AUX crl-14901 52 18 controlled control VERB crl-14901 52 19 , , PUNCT crl-14901 52 20 this this DET crl-14901 52 21 relationship relationship NOUN crl-14901 52 22 was be AUX crl-14901 52 23 insignificant insignificant ADJ crl-14901 52 24 . . PUNCT crl-14901 53 1 fukami fukami PROPN crl-14901 53 2 and and CCONJ crl-14901 53 3 larson larson NOUN crl-14901 53 4 pointed point VERB crl-14901 53 5 out out ADP crl-14901 53 6 that that SCONJ crl-14901 53 7 union union NOUN crl-14901 53 8 employees employee NOUN crl-14901 53 9 may may AUX crl-14901 53 10 be be AUX crl-14901 53 11 equally equally ADV crl-14901 53 12 committed committed ADJ crl-14901 53 13 to to ADP crl-14901 53 14 their their PRON crl-14901 53 15 employer employer NOUN crl-14901 53 16 and and CCONJ crl-14901 53 17 union union NOUN crl-14901 53 18 , , PUNCT crl-14901 53 19 but but CCONJ crl-14901 53 20 that that SCONJ crl-14901 53 21 the the DET crl-14901 53 22 strength strength NOUN crl-14901 53 23 of of ADP crl-14901 53 24 this this DET crl-14901 53 25 dual dual ADJ crl-14901 53 26 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 53 27 depends depend VERB crl-14901 53 28 on on ADP crl-14901 53 29 the the DET crl-14901 53 30 way way NOUN crl-14901 53 31 workers worker NOUN crl-14901 53 32 experience experience VERB crl-14901 53 33 union union NOUN crl-14901 53 34 - - PUNCT crl-14901 53 35 management management NOUN crl-14901 53 36 relations relation NOUN crl-14901 53 37 in in ADP crl-14901 53 38 their their PRON crl-14901 53 39 workplace workplace NOUN crl-14901 53 40 . . PUNCT crl-14901 54 1 taking take VERB crl-14901 54 2 a a DET crl-14901 54 3 similar similar ADJ crl-14901 54 4 approach approach NOUN crl-14901 54 5 , , PUNCT crl-14901 54 6 angle angle NOUN crl-14901 54 7 and and CCONJ crl-14901 54 8 perry perry NOUN crl-14901 54 9 investigated investigate VERB crl-14901 54 10 twenty twenty NUM crl-14901 54 11 - - PUNCT crl-14901 54 12 two two NUM crl-14901 54 13 municipal municipal ADJ crl-14901 54 14 unionized unionized ADJ crl-14901 54 15 bus bus NOUN crl-14901 54 16 companies company NOUN crl-14901 54 17 . . PUNCT crl-14901 55 1 these these DET crl-14901 55 2 researchers researcher NOUN crl-14901 55 3 verified verify VERB crl-14901 55 4 that that SCONJ crl-14901 55 5 the the DET crl-14901 55 6 extent extent NOUN crl-14901 55 7 of of ADP crl-14901 55 8 expressed express VERB crl-14901 55 9 dual dual ADJ crl-14901 55 10 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 55 11 is be AUX crl-14901 55 12 related relate VERB crl-14901 55 13 to to ADP crl-14901 55 14 the the DET crl-14901 55 15 nature nature NOUN crl-14901 55 16 of of ADP crl-14901 55 17 the the DET crl-14901 55 18 labor labor NOUN crl-14901 55 19 - - PUNCT crl-14901 55 20 management management NOUN crl-14901 55 21 relationship relationship NOUN crl-14901 55 22 and and CCONJ crl-14901 55 23 the the DET crl-14901 55 24 degree degree NOUN crl-14901 55 25 of of ADP crl-14901 55 26 cooperation cooperation NOUN crl-14901 55 27 between between ADP crl-14901 55 28 the the DET crl-14901 55 29 two two NUM crl-14901 55 30 . . PUNCT crl-14901 56 1 in in ADP crl-14901 56 2 addition addition NOUN crl-14901 56 3 , , PUNCT crl-14901 56 4 angle angle NOUN crl-14901 56 5 and and CCONJ crl-14901 56 6 perry perry NOUN crl-14901 56 7 found find VERB crl-14901 56 8 that that SCONJ crl-14901 56 9 dual dual ADJ crl-14901 56 10 allegiance allegiance NOUN crl-14901 56 11 was be AUX crl-14901 56 12 moderated moderate VERB crl-14901 56 13 also also ADV crl-14901 56 14 by by ADP crl-14901 56 15 the the DET crl-14901 56 16 worker worker NOUN crl-14901 56 17 's 's PART crl-14901 56 18 degree degree NOUN crl-14901 56 19 of of ADP crl-14901 56 20 union union NOUN crl-14901 56 21 participation participation NOUN crl-14901 56 22 . . PUNCT crl-14901 57 1 the the DET crl-14901 57 2 more more ADV crl-14901 57 3 active active ADJ crl-14901 57 4 members member NOUN crl-14901 57 5 were be AUX crl-14901 57 6 , , PUNCT crl-14901 57 7 the the PRON crl-14901 57 8 weaker weak ADJ crl-14901 57 9 the the DET crl-14901 57 10 relationship relationship NOUN crl-14901 57 11 between between ADP crl-14901 57 12 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14901 57 13 and and CCONJ crl-14901 57 14 union union NOUN crl-14901 57 15 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 57 16 . . PUNCT crl-14901 58 1 the the DET crl-14901 58 2 researchers researcher NOUN crl-14901 58 3 offered offer VERB crl-14901 58 4 no no DET crl-14901 58 5 theoretical theoretical ADJ crl-14901 58 6 explanation explanation NOUN crl-14901 58 7 in in ADP crl-14901 58 8 relation relation NOUN crl-14901 58 9 to to ADP crl-14901 58 10 this this DET crl-14901 58 11 finding finding NOUN crl-14901 58 12 . . PUNCT crl-14901 59 1 17 17 NUM crl-14901 59 2 300 300 NUM crl-14901 59 3 college college NOUN crl-14901 59 4 & & CCONJ crl-14901 59 5 research research PROPN crl-14901 59 6 libraries librarie VERB crl-14901 59 7 another another DET crl-14901 59 8 recent recent ADJ crl-14901 59 9 study study NOUN crl-14901 59 10 focusing focus VERB crl-14901 59 11 on on ADP crl-14901 59 12 the the DET crl-14901 59 13 same same ADJ crl-14901 59 14 issue issue NOUN crl-14901 59 15 was be AUX crl-14901 59 16 james james PROPN crl-14901 59 17 martin martin PROPN crl-14901 59 18 's 's PART crl-14901 59 19 examination examination NOUN crl-14901 59 20 of of ADP crl-14901 59 21 the the DET crl-14901 59 22 concept concept NOUN crl-14901 59 23 of of ADP crl-14901 59 24 dual dual ADJ crl-14901 59 25 allegiance allegiance NOUN crl-14901 59 26 in in ADP crl-14901 59 27 a a DET crl-14901 59 28 federal federal ADJ crl-14901 59 29 government government NOUN crl-14901 59 30 facility facility NOUN crl-14901 59 31 in in ADP crl-14901 59 32 a a DET crl-14901 59 33 large large ADJ crl-14901 59 34 midwestern midwestern ADJ crl-14901 59 35 city.18 city.18 NOUN crl-14901 59 36 in in ADP crl-14901 59 37 contrast contrast NOUN crl-14901 59 38 to to ADP crl-14901 59 39 previous previous ADJ crl-14901 59 40 studies study NOUN crl-14901 59 41 , , PUNCT crl-14901 59 42 martin martin PROPN crl-14901 59 43 analyzed analyze VERB crl-14901 59 44 responses response NOUN crl-14901 59 45 of of ADP crl-14901 59 46 · · PUNCT crl-14901 59 47 both both CCONJ crl-14901 59 48 union union NOUN crl-14901 59 49 and and CCONJ crl-14901 59 50 · · NUM crl-14901 59 51 nonunion nonunion NOUN crl-14901 59 52 members member NOUN crl-14901 59 53 within within ADP crl-14901 59 54 a a DET crl-14901 59 55 single single ADJ crl-14901 59 56 bargaining bargaining NOUN crl-14901 59 57 unit unit NOUN crl-14901 59 58 . . PUNCT crl-14901 60 1 an an DET crl-14901 60 2 interesting interesting ADJ crl-14901 60 3 result result NOUN crl-14901 60 4 was be AUX crl-14901 60 5 that that SCONJ crl-14901 60 6 the the DET crl-14901 60 7 largest large ADJ crl-14901 60 8 portion portion NOUN crl-14901 60 9 of of ADP crl-14901 60 10 union union NOUN crl-14901 60 11 meml meml PROPN crl-14901 60 12 > > X crl-14901 60 13 ers er NOUN crl-14901 60 14 expressed express VERB crl-14901 60 15 positive positive ADJ crl-14901 60 16 attitudes attitude NOUN crl-14901 60 17 toward toward ADP crl-14901 60 18 both both PRON crl-14901 60 19 union union NOUN crl-14901 60 20 and and CCONJ crl-14901 60 21 management management NOUN crl-14901 60 22 . . PUNCT crl-14901 61 1 conversely conversely ADV crl-14901 61 2 , , PUNCT crl-14901 61 3 the the DET crl-14901 61 4 majority majority NOUN crl-14901 61 5 of of ADP crl-14901 61 6 nonmeml nonmeml NOUN crl-14901 61 7 > > PROPN crl-14901 61 8 ers er NOUN crl-14901 61 9 had have VERB crl-14901 61 10 negative negative ADJ crl-14901 61 11 attitudes attitude NOUN crl-14901 61 12 toward toward ADP crl-14901 61 13 both both PRON crl-14901 61 14 union union NOUN crl-14901 61 15 and and CCONJ crl-14901 61 16 management management NOUN crl-14901 61 17 . . PUNCT crl-14901 62 1 martin martin PROPN crl-14901 62 2 tried try VERB crl-14901 62 3 to to PART crl-14901 62 4 explain explain VERB crl-14901 62 5 his his PRON crl-14901 62 6 findings finding NOUN crl-14901 62 7 as as ADP crl-14901 62 8 a a DET crl-14901 62 9 result result NOUN crl-14901 62 10 of of ADP crl-14901 62 11 the the DET crl-14901 62 12 union union NOUN crl-14901 62 13 's 's PART crl-14901 62 14 cooperative cooperative ADJ crl-14901 62 15 relations relation NOUN crl-14901 62 16 with with ADP crl-14901 62 17 management management NOUN crl-14901 62 18 . . PUNCT crl-14901 63 1 unfortunately unfortunately ADV crl-14901 63 2 , , PUNCT crl-14901 63 3 martin martin PROPN crl-14901 63 4 's 's PART crl-14901 63 5 conclusions conclusion NOUN crl-14901 63 6 suffer suffer VERB crl-14901 63 7 from from ADP crl-14901 63 8 limited limited ADJ crl-14901 63 9 applicability applicability NOUN crl-14901 63 10 because because SCONJ crl-14901 63 11 of of ADP crl-14901 63 12 the the DET crl-14901 63 13 very very ADV crl-14901 63 14 small small ADJ crl-14901 63 15 sample sample NOUN crl-14901 63 16 of of ADP crl-14901 63 17 participants participant NOUN crl-14901 63 18 he he PRON crl-14901 63 19 used use VERB crl-14901 63 20 . . PUNCT crl-14901 64 1 daniel daniel PROPN crl-14901 64 2 gallagher gallagher PROPN crl-14901 64 3 was be AUX crl-14901 64 4 the the DET crl-14901 64 5 second second ADJ crl-14901 64 6 to to PART crl-14901 64 7 attempt attempt VERB crl-14901 64 8 an an DET crl-14901 64 9 examination examination NOUN crl-14901 64 10 of of ADP crl-14901 64 11 the the DET crl-14901 64 12 relationship relationship NOUN crl-14901 64 13 of of ADP crl-14901 64 14 union union NOUN crl-14901 64 15 versus versus ADP crl-14901 64 16 organization organization NOUN crl-14901 64 17 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 64 18 on on ADP crl-14901 64 19 a a DET crl-14901 64 20 similar similar ADJ crl-14901 64 21 sample sample NOUN crl-14901 64 22 of of ADP crl-14901 64 23 federal federal ADJ crl-14901 64 24 government government NOUN crl-14901 64 25 employees.19 employees.19 VERB crl-14901 64 26 like like ADP crl-14901 64 27 martin martin PROPN crl-14901 64 28 , , PUNCT crl-14901 64 29 gallagher gallagher PROPN crl-14901 64 30 tried try VERB crl-14901 64 31 to to PART crl-14901 64 32 compare compare VERB crl-14901 64 33 the the DET crl-14901 64 34 relationship relationship NOUN crl-14901 64 35 of of ADP crl-14901 64 36 union union NOUN crl-14901 64 37 and and CCONJ crl-14901 65 1 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14901 65 2 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 66 1 l l NOUN crl-14901 66 2 > > X crl-14901 66 3 etween etween VERB crl-14901 66 4 dues due NOUN crl-14901 66 5 - - PUNCT crl-14901 66 6 paying pay VERB crl-14901 66 7 meml meml NOUN crl-14901 66 8 > > X crl-14901 66 9 ers er NOUN crl-14901 66 10 and and CCONJ crl-14901 66 11 nonmeml nonmeml VERB crl-14901 66 12 > > X crl-14901 66 13 ers er NOUN crl-14901 66 14 who who PRON crl-14901 66 15 l l PRON crl-14901 66 16 > > X crl-14901 66 17 elonged elonge VERB crl-14901 66 18 in in ADP crl-14901 66 19 the the DET crl-14901 66 20 same same ADJ crl-14901 66 21 bargaining bargaining NOUN crl-14901 66 22 unit unit NOUN crl-14901 66 23 . . PUNCT crl-14901 67 1 gallagher gallagher PROPN crl-14901 67 2 found find VERB crl-14901 67 3 that that SCONJ crl-14901 67 4 the the DET crl-14901 67 5 levels level NOUN crl-14901 67 6 of of ADP crl-14901 67 7 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 67 8 to to ADP crl-14901 67 9 the the DET crl-14901 67 10 employer employer NOUN crl-14901 67 11 for for ADP crl-14901 67 12 both both DET crl-14901 67 13 union union NOUN crl-14901 67 14 meml meml NOUN crl-14901 67 15 > > X crl-14901 67 16 ers er NOUN crl-14901 67 17 and and CCONJ crl-14901 67 18 those those PRON crl-14901 67 19 who who PRON crl-14901 67 20 had have VERB crl-14901 67 21 never never ADV crl-14901 67 22 l l NOUN crl-14901 67 23 > > X crl-14901 67 24 een een VERB crl-14901 67 25 members member NOUN crl-14901 67 26 were be AUX crl-14901 67 27 equivalent equivalent ADJ crl-14901 67 28 . . PUNCT crl-14901 68 1 in in ADP crl-14901 68 2 contrast contrast NOUN crl-14901 68 3 to to ADP crl-14901 68 4 martin martin PROPN crl-14901 68 5 , , PUNCT crl-14901 68 6 gallagher gallagher PROPN crl-14901 68 7 indicated indicate VERB crl-14901 68 8 that that SCONJ crl-14901 68 9 nonmeml nonmeml NOUN crl-14901 68 10 > > X crl-14901 68 11 ers er NOUN crl-14901 68 12 did do AUX crl-14901 68 13 not not PART crl-14901 68 14 have have VERB crl-14901 68 15 negative negative ADJ crl-14901 68 16 feelings feeling NOUN crl-14901 68 17 toward toward ADP crl-14901 68 18 their their PRON crl-14901 68 19 employer employer NOUN crl-14901 68 20 but but CCONJ crl-14901 68 21 they they PRON crl-14901 68 22 reported report VERB crl-14901 68 23 higher high ADJ crl-14901 68 24 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 68 25 to to ADP crl-14901 68 26 the the DET crl-14901 68 27 employing employ VERB crl-14901 68 28 organization organization NOUN crl-14901 68 29 rather rather ADV crl-14901 68 30 than than ADP crl-14901 68 31 to to ADP crl-14901 68 32 the the DET crl-14901 68 33 union union NOUN crl-14901 68 34 . . PUNCT crl-14901 69 1 in in ADP crl-14901 69 2 his his PRON crl-14901 69 3 conclusion conclusion NOUN crl-14901 69 4 gallagher gallagher NOUN crl-14901 69 5 also also ADV crl-14901 69 6 argued argue VERB crl-14901 69 7 that that SCONJ crl-14901 69 8 " " PUNCT crl-14901 69 9 a a DET crl-14901 69 10 worker worker NOUN crl-14901 69 11 's 's PART crl-14901 69 12 decision decision NOUN crl-14901 69 13 to to PART crl-14901 69 14 join join VERB crl-14901 69 15 a a DET crl-14901 69 16 union union NOUN crl-14901 69 17 should should AUX crl-14901 69 18 not not PART crl-14901 69 19 be be AUX crl-14901 69 20 interpreted interpret VERB crl-14901 69 21 as as ADP crl-14901 69 22 evidence evidence NOUN crl-14901 69 23 of of ADP crl-14901 69 24 low low ADJ crl-14901 69 25 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 69 26 to to ADP crl-14901 69 27 the the DET crl-14901 69 28 organization organization NOUN crl-14901 69 29 . . PUNCT crl-14901 70 1 "20 "20 PROPN crl-14901 71 1 gallagher gallagher PROPN crl-14901 71 2 's 's PART crl-14901 71 3 statement statement NOUN crl-14901 71 4 parallels parallel VERB crl-14901 71 5 the the DET crl-14901 71 6 conflict conflict NOUN crl-14901 71 7 theorists theorist NOUN crl-14901 71 8 ' ' PART crl-14901 71 9 belief belief NOUN crl-14901 71 10 that that SCONJ crl-14901 71 11 conflict conflict NOUN crl-14901 71 12 is be AUX crl-14901 71 13 a a DET crl-14901 71 14 natural natural ADJ crl-14901 71 15 , , PUNCT crl-14901 71 16 and and CCONJ crl-14901 71 17 not not PART crl-14901 71 18 necessarily necessarily ADV crl-14901 71 19 a a DET crl-14901 71 20 disruptive disruptive ADJ crl-14901 71 21 , , PUNCT crl-14901 71 22 process process NOUN crl-14901 71 23 . . PUNCT crl-14901 72 1 in in ADP crl-14901 72 2 general general ADJ crl-14901 72 3 , , PUNCT crl-14901 72 4 as as SCONJ crl-14901 72 5 angle angle NOUN crl-14901 72 6 and and CCONJ crl-14901 72 7 perry perry PROPN crl-14901 72 8 indicate indicate VERB crl-14901 72 9 , , PUNCT crl-14901 72 10 the the DET crl-14901 72 11 above above ADJ crl-14901 72 12 studies study NOUN crl-14901 72 13 show show VERB crl-14901 72 14 that that SCONJ crl-14901 72 15 " " PUNCT crl-14901 72 16 dual dual ADJ crl-14901 72 17 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 72 18 is be AUX crl-14901 72 19 a a DET crl-14901 72 20 relatively relatively ADV crl-14901 72 21 common common ADJ crl-14901 72 22 phenomenon phenomenon NOUN crl-14901 72 23 . . PUNCT crl-14901 72 24 " " PUNCT crl-14901 73 1 21 21 NUM crl-14901 73 2 along along ADP crl-14901 73 3 these these DET crl-14901 73 4 lines line NOUN crl-14901 73 5 the the DET crl-14901 73 6 present present ADJ crl-14901 73 7 study study NOUN crl-14901 73 8 tried try VERB crl-14901 73 9 to to PART crl-14901 73 10 verify verify VERB crl-14901 73 11 the the DET crl-14901 73 12 degree degree NOUN crl-14901 73 13 of of ADP crl-14901 73 14 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14901 73 15 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 73 16 , , PUNCT crl-14901 73 17 this this DET crl-14901 73 18 time time NOUN crl-14901 73 19 among among ADP crl-14901 73 20 professional professional ADJ crl-14901 73 21 union union NOUN crl-14901 73 22 employees employee NOUN crl-14901 73 23 . . PUNCT crl-14901 74 1 union union NOUN crl-14901 74 2 organizing organizing NOUN crl-14901 74 3 and and CCONJ crl-14901 74 4 its its PRON crl-14901 74 5 relation relation NOUN crl-14901 74 6 to to ADP crl-14901 74 7 cerjuly cerjuly ADJ crl-14901 74 8 1994 1994 NUM crl-14901 74 9 tain tain NOUN crl-14901 74 10 work work NOUN crl-14901 74 11 attitudes attitude NOUN crl-14901 74 12 , , PUNCT crl-14901 74 13 especially especially ADV crl-14901 74 14 among among ADP crl-14901 74 15 professionals professional NOUN crl-14901 74 16 , , PUNCT crl-14901 74 17 has have AUX crl-14901 74 18 attracted attract VERB crl-14901 74 19 many many ADJ crl-14901 74 20 arguments argument NOUN crl-14901 74 21 but but CCONJ crl-14901 74 22 rather rather ADV crl-14901 74 23 limited limited ADJ crl-14901 74 24 research research NOUN crl-14901 74 25 attention attention NOUN crl-14901 74 26 . . PUNCT crl-14901 75 1 even even ADV crl-14901 75 2 those those DET crl-14901 75 3 few few ADJ crl-14901 75 4 investigations investigation NOUN crl-14901 75 5 which which PRON crl-14901 75 6 dealt deal VERB crl-14901 75 7 with with ADP crl-14901 75 8 unioris unioris NOUN crl-14901 75 9 and and CCONJ crl-14901 75 10 their their PRON crl-14901 75 11 effect effect NOUN crl-14901 75 12 on on ADP crl-14901 75 13 the the DET crl-14901 75 14 professional professional ADJ crl-14901 75 15 employees employee NOUN crl-14901 75 16 ' ' PART crl-14901 75 17 attitudes attitude NOUN crl-14901 75 18 mainly mainly ADV crl-14901 75 19 focused focus VERB crl-14901 75 20 on on ADP crl-14901 75 21 those those DET crl-14901 75 22 factors factor NOUN crl-14901 75 23 influ- influ- ADJ crl-14901 75 24 . . PUNCT crl-14901 76 1 encing ence VERB crl-14901 76 2 voting vote VERB crl-14901 76 3 l l NOUN crl-14901 76 4 > > NOUN crl-14901 76 5 ehavior ehavior NOUN crl-14901 76 6 during during ADP crl-14901 76 7 union union NOUN crl-14901 76 8 elections election NOUN crl-14901 76 9 . . PUNCT crl-14901 77 1 researchers researcher NOUN crl-14901 77 2 have have AUX crl-14901 77 3 not not PART crl-14901 77 4 yet yet ADV crl-14901 77 5 paid pay VERB crl-14901 77 6 much much ADJ crl-14901 77 7 attention attention NOUN crl-14901 77 8 to to ADP crl-14901 77 9 how how SCONJ crl-14901 77 10 these these DET crl-14901 77 11 employee employee NOUN crl-14901 77 12 organizations organization NOUN crl-14901 77 13 might might AUX crl-14901 77 14 affect affect VERB crl-14901 77 15 employee employee NOUN crl-14901 77 16 attitudes attitude NOUN crl-14901 77 17 after after SCONJ crl-14901 77 18 the the DET crl-14901 77 19 organizations organization NOUN crl-14901 77 20 are be AUX crl-14901 77 21 established establish VERB crl-14901 77 22 . . PUNCT crl-14901 78 1 the the DET crl-14901 78 2 scarcity scarcity NOUN crl-14901 78 3 of of ADP crl-14901 78 4 such such ADJ crl-14901 78 5 research research NOUN crl-14901 78 6 is be AUX crl-14901 78 7 particularly particularly ADV crl-14901 78 8 evident evident ADJ crl-14901 78 9 in in ADP crl-14901 78 10 the the DET crl-14901 78 11 professional professional ADJ crl-14901 78 12 library library NOUN crl-14901 78 13 literature literature NOUN crl-14901 78 14 where where SCONJ crl-14901 78 15 the the DET crl-14901 78 16 question question NOUN crl-14901 78 17 of of ADP crl-14901 78 18 conflict conflict NOUN crl-14901 78 19 between between ADP crl-14901 78 20 unionized unionized ADJ crl-14901 78 21 library library NOUN crl-14901 78 22 employees employee NOUN crl-14901 78 23 and and CCONJ crl-14901 78 24 management management NOUN crl-14901 78 25 has have AUX crl-14901 78 26 generated generate VERB crl-14901 78 27 many many ADJ crl-14901 78 28 arguments argument NOUN crl-14901 78 29 , , PUNCT crl-14901 78 30 yet yet CCONJ crl-14901 78 31 no no DET crl-14901 78 32 empirical empirical ADJ crl-14901 78 33 evidence evidence NOUN crl-14901 78 34 to to PART crl-14901 78 35 support support VERB crl-14901 78 36 them they PRON crl-14901 78 37 . . PUNCT crl-14901 79 1 consequently consequently ADV crl-14901 79 2 the the DET crl-14901 79 3 present present ADJ crl-14901 79 4 study study NOUN crl-14901 79 5 was be AUX crl-14901 79 6 designed design VERB crl-14901 79 7 to to PART crl-14901 79 8 · · PUNCT crl-14901 79 9 address address VERB crl-14901 79 10 the the DET crl-14901 79 11 relationship relationship NOUN crl-14901 79 12 between between ADP crl-14901 79 13 union union NOUN crl-14901 79 14 presence presence NOUN crl-14901 79 15 and and CCONJ crl-14901 79 16 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 79 17 to to ADP crl-14901 79 18 the the DET crl-14901 79 19 employing employ VERB crl-14901 79 20 organization organization NOUN crl-14901 79 21 among among ADP crl-14901 79 22 professional professional ADJ crl-14901 79 23 employees employee NOUN crl-14901 79 24 in in ADP crl-14901 79 25 libraries library NOUN crl-14901 79 26 . . PUNCT crl-14901 80 1 for for ADP crl-14901 80 2 the the DET crl-14901 80 3 purposes purpose NOUN crl-14901 80 4 of of ADP crl-14901 80 5 this this DET crl-14901 80 6 investigation investigation NOUN crl-14901 80 7 , , PUNCT crl-14901 80 8 richard richard PROPN crl-14901 80 9 mowday mowday PROPN crl-14901 80 10 , , PUNCT crl-14901 80 11 lynman lynman NOUN crl-14901 80 12 porter porter NOUN crl-14901 80 13 , , PUNCT crl-14901 80 14 and and CCONJ crl-14901 80 15 richard richard PROPN crl-14901 80 16 steer steer PROPN crl-14901 80 17 's 's PART crl-14901 80 18 definition definition NOUN crl-14901 80 19 of of ADP crl-14901 80 20 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14901 80 21 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 80 22 was be AUX crl-14901 80 23 employed employ VERB crl-14901 80 24 . . PUNCT crl-14901 81 1 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14901 81 2 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 81 3 is be AUX crl-14901 81 4 the the DET crl-14901 81 5 result result NOUN crl-14901 81 6 of of ADP crl-14901 81 7 an an DET crl-14901 81 8 employee employee NOUN crl-14901 81 9 's 's PART crl-14901 81 10 having have VERB crl-14901 81 11 : : PUNCT crl-14901 81 12 a. a. VERB crl-14901 81 13 a a DET crl-14901 81 14 strong strong ADJ crl-14901 81 15 belief belief NOUN crl-14901 81 16 in in ADP crl-14901 81 17 and and CCONJ crl-14901 81 18 acceptance acceptance NOUN crl-14901 81 19 of of ADP crl-14901 81 20 the the DET crl-14901 81 21 organization organization NOUN crl-14901 81 22 's 's PART crl-14901 81 23 goals goal NOUN crl-14901 81 24 and and CCONJ crl-14901 81 25 values value NOUN crl-14901 81 26 ; ; PUNCT crl-14901 81 27 b. b. PROPN crl-14901 81 28 a a DET crl-14901 81 29 willingness willingness NOUN crl-14901 81 30 to to PART crl-14901 81 31 exert exert VERB crl-14901 81 32 considerable considerable ADJ crl-14901 81 33 effort effort NOUN crl-14901 81 34 on on ADP crl-14901 81 35 l l NOUN crl-14901 81 36 > > PROPN crl-14901 81 37 ehalf ehalf NOUN crl-14901 81 38 of of ADP crl-14901 81 39 the the DET crl-14901 81 40 organization organization NOUN crl-14901 81 41 ; ; PUNCT crl-14901 81 42 and and CCONJ crl-14901 81 43 c. c. PROPN crl-14901 81 44 a a DET crl-14901 81 45 strong strong ADJ crl-14901 81 46 desire desire NOUN crl-14901 81 47 to to PART crl-14901 81 48 maintain maintain VERB crl-14901 81 49 membership membership NOUN crl-14901 81 50 in in ADP crl-14901 81 51 the the DET crl-14901 81 52 organization.22 organization.22 NOUN crl-14901 81 53 it it PRON crl-14901 81 54 should should AUX crl-14901 81 55 be be AUX crl-14901 81 56 noted note VERB crl-14901 81 57 that that SCONJ crl-14901 81 58 the the DET crl-14901 81 59 terms term NOUN crl-14901 81 60 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14901 81 61 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 81 62 and and CCONJ crl-14901 81 63 library library NOUN crl-14901 81 64 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 81 65 are be AUX crl-14901 81 66 used use VERB crl-14901 81 67 interchangeably interchangeably ADV crl-14901 81 68 in in ADP crl-14901 81 69 this this PRON crl-14901 81 70 . . PUNCT crl-14901 82 1 study study VERB crl-14901 82 2 to to PART crl-14901 82 3 mean mean VERB crl-14901 82 4 the the DET crl-14901 82 5 way way NOUN crl-14901 82 6 the the DET crl-14901 82 7 respondents respondent NOUN crl-14901 82 8 feel feel VERB crl-14901 82 9 about about ADP crl-14901 82 10 their their PRON crl-14901 82 11 library library NOUN crl-14901 82 12 as as ADP crl-14901 82 13 an an DET crl-14901 82 14 employer employer NOUN crl-14901 82 15 . . PUNCT crl-14901 83 1 the the DET crl-14901 83 2 questions question NOUN crl-14901 83 3 of of ADP crl-14901 83 4 the the DET crl-14901 83 5 survey survey NOUN crl-14901 83 6 instrument instrument NOUN crl-14901 83 7 measured measure VERB crl-14901 83 8 the the DET crl-14901 83 9 participants participant NOUN crl-14901 83 10 ' ' PART crl-14901 83 11 sentiments sentiment NOUN crl-14901 83 12 about about ADP crl-14901 83 13 their their PRON crl-14901 83 14 library library NOUN crl-14901 83 15 as as ADP crl-14901 83 16 an an DET crl-14901 83 17 employing employ VERB crl-14901 83 18 organization organization NOUN crl-14901 83 19 . . PUNCT crl-14901 84 1 hypotheses hypothese VERB crl-14901 84 2 the the DET crl-14901 84 3 hypotheses hypothesis NOUN crl-14901 84 4 of of ADP crl-14901 84 5 this this DET crl-14901 84 6 study study NOUN crl-14901 84 7 tested test VERB crl-14901 84 8 the the DET crl-14901 84 9 possibility possibility NOUN crl-14901 84 10 of of ADP crl-14901 84 11 differences difference NOUN crl-14901 84 12 in in ADP crl-14901 84 13 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14901 84 14 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 84 15 among among ADP crl-14901 84 16 professional professional ADJ crl-14901 84 17 librarians librarian NOUN crl-14901 84 18 in in ADP crl-14901 84 19 union union NOUN crl-14901 84 20 versus versus ADP crl-14901 84 21 nonunion nonunion NOUN crl-14901 84 22 research research NOUN crl-14901 84 23 libraries library NOUN crl-14901 84 24 and and CCONJ crl-14901 84 25 registered register VERB crl-14901 84 26 versus versus ADP crl-14901 84 27 nonregistered nonregistere VERB crl-14901 84 28 union union NOUN crl-14901 84 29 members member NOUN crl-14901 84 30 . . PUNCT crl-14901 85 1 the the DET crl-14901 85 2 relationship relationship NOUN crl-14901 85 3 between between ADP crl-14901 85 4 union union NOUN crl-14901 85 5 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 85 6 and and CCONJ crl-14901 85 7 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14901 85 8 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 85 9 was be AUX crl-14901 85 10 also also ADV crl-14901 85 11 investigated investigate VERB crl-14901 85 12 . . PUNCT crl-14901 86 1 the the DET crl-14901 86 2 questions question NOUN crl-14901 86 3 tested test VERB crl-14901 86 4 included include VERB crl-14901 86 5 : : PUNCT crl-14901 86 6 1 1 X crl-14901 86 7 . . X crl-14901 86 8 is be AUX crl-14901 86 9 there there PRON crl-14901 86 10 a a DET crl-14901 86 11 significant significant ADJ crl-14901 86 12 relationship relationship NOUN crl-14901 86 13 between between ADP crl-14901 86 14 the the DET crl-14901 86 15 presence presence NOUN crl-14901 86 16 of of ADP crl-14901 86 17 unions union NOUN crl-14901 86 18 and and CCONJ crl-14901 86 19 professional professional ADJ crl-14901 86 20 librarians librarian NOUN crl-14901 86 21 ' ' PART crl-14901 86 22 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 86 23 to to ADP crl-14901 86 24 their their PRON crl-14901 86 25 library library NOUN crl-14901 86 26 ? ? PUNCT crl-14901 87 1 2 2 X crl-14901 87 2 . . X crl-14901 87 3 is be AUX crl-14901 87 4 there there PRON crl-14901 87 5 a a DET crl-14901 87 6 significant significant ADJ crl-14901 87 7 relationship relationship NOUN crl-14901 87 8 between between ADP crl-14901 87 9 union union NOUN crl-14901 87 10 membership membership NOUN crl-14901 87 11 status status NOUN crl-14901 87 12 and and CCONJ crl-14901 87 13 professional professional ADJ crl-14901 87 14 librarians librarian NOUN crl-14901 87 15 ' ' PART crl-14901 87 16 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 87 17 to to ADP crl-14901 87 18 their their PRON crl-14901 87 19 library library NOUN crl-14901 87 20 ? ? PUNCT crl-14901 88 1 3 3 X crl-14901 88 2 . . X crl-14901 88 3 is be AUX crl-14901 88 4 there there PRON crl-14901 88 5 a a DET crl-14901 88 6 significant significant ADJ crl-14901 88 7 relationship relationship NOUN crl-14901 88 8 between between ADP crl-14901 88 9 the the DET crl-14901 88 10 professional professional ADJ crl-14901 88 11 librarians librarian NOUN crl-14901 88 12 ' ' PART crl-14901 88 13 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 88 14 to to ADP crl-14901 88 15 the the DET crl-14901 88 16 union union NOUN crl-14901 88 17 and and CCONJ crl-14901 88 18 their their PRON crl-14901 88 19 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 88 20 to to ADP crl-14901 88 21 their their PRON crl-14901 88 22 library library NOUN crl-14901 88 23 ? ? PUNCT crl-14901 89 1 method method PROPN crl-14901 89 2 subjects subject NOUN crl-14901 89 3 and and CCONJ crl-14901 89 4 setting13 setting13 VERB crl-14901 89 5 the the DET crl-14901 89 6 subjects subject NOUN crl-14901 89 7 of of ADP crl-14901 89 8 this this DET crl-14901 89 9 study study NOUN crl-14901 89 10 were be AUX crl-14901 89 11 employees employee NOUN crl-14901 89 12 with with ADP crl-14901 89 13 professional professional ADJ crl-14901 89 14 appointments appointment NOUN crl-14901 89 15 in in ADP crl-14901 89 16 academic academic ADJ crl-14901 89 17 research research NOUN crl-14901 89 18 libraries library NOUN crl-14901 89 19 that that PRON crl-14901 89 20 are be AUX crl-14901 89 21 members member NOUN crl-14901 89 22 of of ADP crl-14901 89 23 the the DET crl-14901 89 24 american american PROPN crl-14901 89 25 research research PROPN crl-14901 89 26 library library PROPN crl-14901 89 27 association association PROPN crl-14901 89 28 ( ( PUNCT crl-14901 89 29 arl arl PROPN crl-14901 89 30 ) ) PUNCT crl-14901 89 31 . . PUNCT crl-14901 90 1 for for ADP crl-14901 90 2 the the DET crl-14901 90 3 purpose purpose NOUN crl-14901 90 4 of of ADP crl-14901 90 5 the the DET crl-14901 90 6 present present ADJ crl-14901 90 7 research research NOUN crl-14901 90 8 , , PUNCT crl-14901 90 9 professional professional ADJ crl-14901 90 10 library library NOUN crl-14901 90 11 employees employee NOUN crl-14901 90 12 were be AUX crl-14901 90 13 defined define VERB crl-14901 90 14 as as ADP crl-14901 90 15 full full ADJ crl-14901 90 16 - - PUNCT crl-14901 90 17 time time NOUN crl-14901 90 18 or or CCONJ crl-14901 90 19 part part ADJ crl-14901 90 20 - - PUNCT crl-14901 90 21 time time NOUN crl-14901 90 22 library library NOUN crl-14901 90 23 employees employee NOUN crl-14901 90 24 who who PRON crl-14901 90 25 had have VERB crl-14901 90 26 an an DET crl-14901 90 27 m.l.s m.l.s NOUN crl-14901 90 28 . . PUNCT crl-14901 90 29 or or CCONJ crl-14901 90 30 equivalent equivalent ADJ crl-14901 90 31 degree degree NOUN crl-14901 90 32 and and CCONJ crl-14901 90 33 held hold VERB crl-14901 90 34 positions position NOUN crl-14901 90 35 with with ADP crl-14901 90 36 professional professional ADJ crl-14901 90 37 classification classification NOUN crl-14901 90 38 ( ( PUNCT crl-14901 90 39 academic academic ADJ crl-14901 90 40 or or CCONJ crl-14901 90 41 faculty faculty NOUN crl-14901 90 42 status status NOUN crl-14901 90 43 ) ) PUNCT crl-14901 90 44 . . PUNCT crl-14901 91 1 in in ADP crl-14901 91 2 august august PROPN crl-14901 91 3 1991 1991 NUM crl-14901 91 4 requests request NOUN crl-14901 91 5 for for ADP crl-14901 91 6 participation participation NOUN crl-14901 91 7 were be AUX crl-14901 91 8 mailed mail VERB crl-14901 91 9 to to ADP crl-14901 91 10 twenty twenty NUM crl-14901 91 11 - - PUNCT crl-14901 91 12 six six NUM crl-14901 91 13 united united PROPN crl-14901 91 14 states states PROPN crl-14901 91 15 research research NOUN crl-14901 91 16 libraries library NOUN crl-14901 91 17 which which PRON crl-14901 91 18 at at ADP crl-14901 91 19 the the DET crl-14901 91 20 time time NOUN crl-14901 91 21 did do AUX crl-14901 91 22 not not PART crl-14901 91 23 have have VERB crl-14901 91 24 union union NOUN crl-14901 91 25 representation representation NOUN crl-14901 91 26 for for ADP crl-14901 91 27 either either CCONJ crl-14901 91 28 professional professional ADJ crl-14901 91 29 or or CCONJ crl-14901 91 30 paraprofessional paraprofessional ADJ crl-14901 91 31 staff staff NOUN crl-14901 91 32 . . PUNCT crl-14901 92 1 these these DET crl-14901 92 2 libraries library NOUN crl-14901 92 3 were be AUX crl-14901 92 4 selected select VERB crl-14901 92 5 by by ADP crl-14901 92 6 eliminating eliminate VERB crl-14901 92 7 from from ADP crl-14901 92 8 a a DET crl-14901 92 9 list list NOUN crl-14901 92 10 of of ADP crl-14901 92 11 arl arl PROPN crl-14901 92 12 academic academic PROPN crl-14901 92 13 libraries librarie VERB crl-14901 92 14 those those PRON crl-14901 92 15 which which PRON crl-14901 92 16 had have VERB crl-14901 92 17 bargaining bargaining NOUN crl-14901 92 18 agreements agreement NOUN crl-14901 92 19 for for ADP crl-14901 92 20 professional professional ADJ crl-14901 92 21 and/ and/ NOUN crl-14901 92 22 or or CCONJ crl-14901 92 23 paraprofessionallibrary paraprofessionallibrary ADJ crl-14901 92 24 staff staff NOUN crl-14901 92 25 . . PUNCT crl-14901 93 1 the the DET crl-14901 93 2 sample sample NOUN crl-14901 93 3 was be AUX crl-14901 93 4 then then ADV crl-14901 93 5 drawn draw VERB crl-14901 93 6 from from ADP crl-14901 93 7 the the DET crl-14901 93 8 remaining remain VERB crl-14901 93 9 population population NOUN crl-14901 93 10 , , PUNCT crl-14901 93 11 using use VERB crl-14901 93 12 a a DET crl-14901 93 13 table table NOUN crl-14901 93 14 of of ADP crl-14901 93 15 random random ADJ crl-14901 93 16 numbers number NOUN crl-14901 93 17 . . PUNCT crl-14901 94 1 at at ADP crl-14901 94 2 the the DET crl-14901 94 3 same same ADJ crl-14901 94 4 time time NOUN crl-14901 94 5 another another DET crl-14901 94 6 mailing mailing NOUN crl-14901 94 7 was be AUX crl-14901 94 8 sent send VERB crl-14901 94 9 to to ADP crl-14901 94 10 all all DET crl-14901 94 11 seventeen seventeen NUM crl-14901 94 12 american american ADJ crl-14901 94 13 research research NOUN crl-14901 94 14 libraries library NOUN crl-14901 94 15 that that PRON crl-14901 94 16 had have VERB crl-14901 94 17 union union NOUN crl-14901 94 18 representation representation NOUN crl-14901 94 19 for for ADP crl-14901 94 20 their their PRON crl-14901 94 21 professional professional ADJ crl-14901 94 22 library library NOUN crl-14901 94 23 employees employee NOUN crl-14901 94 24 . . PUNCT crl-14901 95 1 the the DET crl-14901 95 2 reason reason NOUN crl-14901 95 3 for for ADP crl-14901 95 4 including include VERB crl-14901 95 5 a a DET crl-14901 95 6 larger large ADJ crl-14901 95 7 sample sample NOUN crl-14901 95 8 of of ADP crl-14901 95 9 nonunion nonunion NOUN crl-14901 95 10 libraries library NOUN crl-14901 95 11 was be AUX crl-14901 95 12 that that SCONJ crl-14901 95 13 the the DET crl-14901 95 14 majority majority NOUN crl-14901 95 15 of of ADP crl-14901 95 16 arl arl PROPN crl-14901 95 17 institutions institution NOUN crl-14901 95 18 did do AUX crl-14901 95 19 not not PART crl-14901 95 20 at at ADP crl-14901 95 21 the the DET crl-14901 95 22 time time NOUN crl-14901 95 23 have have VERB crl-14901 95 24 bargaining bargaining NOUN crl-14901 95 25 agreements agreement NOUN crl-14901 95 26 . . PUNCT crl-14901 96 1 in in ADP crl-14901 96 2 order order NOUN crl-14901 96 3 to to PART crl-14901 96 4 achieve achieve VERB crl-14901 96 5 a a DET crl-14901 96 6 more more ADV crl-14901 96 7 accurate accurate ADJ crl-14901 96 8 representation representation NOUN crl-14901 96 9 , , PUNCT crl-14901 96 10 the the DET crl-14901 96 11 researcher researcher NOUN crl-14901 96 12 decided decide VERB crl-14901 96 13 to to PART crl-14901 96 14 include include VERB crl-14901 96 15 a a DET crl-14901 96 16 larger large ADJ crl-14901 96 17 number number NOUN crl-14901 96 18 of of ADP crl-14901 96 19 libraries library NOUN crl-14901 96 20 without without ADP crl-14901 96 21 union union NOUN crl-14901 96 22 representation representation NOUN crl-14901 96 23 . . PUNCT crl-14901 97 1 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14901 97 2 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 97 3 301 301 NUM crl-14901 97 4 the the DET crl-14901 97 5 letter letter NOUN crl-14901 97 6 to to ADP crl-14901 97 7 both both DET crl-14901 97 8 types type NOUN crl-14901 97 9 of of ADP crl-14901 97 10 institutions institution NOUN crl-14901 97 11 was be AUX crl-14901 97 12 addressed address VERB crl-14901 97 13 to to ADP crl-14901 97 14 library library NOUN crl-14901 97 15 directors director NOUN crl-14901 97 16 and and CCONJ crl-14901 97 17 explained explain VERB crl-14901 97 18 the the DET crl-14901 97 19 purpose purpose NOUN crl-14901 97 20 of of ADP crl-14901 97 21 the the DET crl-14901 97 22 study study NOUN crl-14901 97 23 and and CCONJ crl-14901 97 24 asked ask VERB crl-14901 97 25 for for ADP crl-14901 97 26 their their PRON crl-14901 97 27 participation participation NOUN crl-14901 97 28 . . PUNCT crl-14901 98 1 nineteen nineteen NUM crl-14901 98 2 nonunion nonunion ADJ crl-14901 98 3 research research NOUN crl-14901 98 4 libraries library NOUN crl-14901 98 5 ( ( PUNCT crl-14901 98 6 i.e. i.e. X crl-14901 98 7 , , PUNCT crl-14901 98 8 73 73 NUM crl-14901 98 9 percent percent NOUN crl-14901 98 10 of of ADP crl-14901 98 11 the the DET crl-14901 98 12 original original ADJ crl-14901 98 13 nonunion nonunion NOUN crl-14901 98 14 library library NOUN crl-14901 98 15 sample sample NOUN crl-14901 98 16 ) ) PUNCT crl-14901 98 17 and and CCONJ crl-14901 98 18 thirteen thirteen NUM crl-14901 98 19 union union NOUN crl-14901 98 20 research research NOUN crl-14901 98 21 libraries library NOUN crl-14901 98 22 ( ( PUNCT crl-14901 98 23 i.e. i.e. X crl-14901 98 24 , , PUNCT crl-14901 98 25 76 76 NUM crl-14901 98 26 percent percent NOUN crl-14901 98 27 of of ADP crl-14901 98 28 the the DET crl-14901 98 29 union union PROPN crl-14901 98 30 library library PROPN crl-14901 98 31 sample sample NOUN crl-14901 98 32 ) ) PUNCT crl-14901 98 33 agreed agree VERB crl-14901 98 34 to to PART crl-14901 98 35 participate participate VERB crl-14901 98 36 . . PUNCT crl-14901 99 1 based base VERB crl-14901 99 2 on on ADP crl-14901 99 3 lists list NOUN crl-14901 99 4 of of ADP crl-14901 99 5 employee employee NOUN crl-14901 99 6 names name NOUN crl-14901 99 7 provided provide VERB crl-14901 99 8 by by ADP crl-14901 99 9 the the DET crl-14901 99 10 libraries library NOUN crl-14901 99 11 , , PUNCT crl-14901 99 12 the the DET crl-14901 99 13 researcher researcher NOUN crl-14901 99 14 calculated calculate VERB crl-14901 99 15 a a DET crl-14901 99 16 percentage percentage NOUN crl-14901 99 17 of of ADP crl-14901 99 18 individuals individual NOUN crl-14901 99 19 that that PRON crl-14901 99 20 would would AUX crl-14901 99 21 be be AUX crl-14901 99 22 asked ask VERB crl-14901 99 23 to to PART crl-14901 99 24 participate participate VERB crl-14901 99 25 in in ADP crl-14901 99 26 the the DET crl-14901 99 27 study study NOUN crl-14901 99 28 so so SCONJ crl-14901 99 29 that that SCONJ crl-14901 99 30 the the DET crl-14901 99 31 total total ADJ crl-14901 99 32 number number NOUN crl-14901 99 33 of of ADP crl-14901 99 34 participants participant NOUN crl-14901 99 35 for for ADP crl-14901 99 36 each each PRON crl-14901 99 37 of of ADP crl-14901 99 38 the the DET crl-14901 99 39 two two NUM crl-14901 99 40 groups group NOUN crl-14901 99 41 , , PUNCT crl-14901 99 42 union union NOUN crl-14901 99 43 and and CCONJ crl-14901 99 44 nonunion nonunion NOUN crl-14901 99 45 , , PUNCT crl-14901 99 46 was be AUX crl-14901 99 47 two two NUM crl-14901 99 48 hundred hundred NUM crl-14901 99 49 . . PUNCT crl-14901 100 1 excluded exclude VERB crl-14901 100 2 from from ADP crl-14901 100 3 the the DET crl-14901 100 4 population population NOUN crl-14901 100 5 were be AUX crl-14901 100 6 law law NOUN crl-14901 100 7 and and CCONJ crl-14901 100 8 health health NOUN crl-14901 100 9 library library NOUN crl-14901 100 10 professionals professional NOUN crl-14901 100 11 , , PUNCT crl-14901 100 12 as as ADV crl-14901 100 13 well well ADV crl-14901 100 14 as as ADP crl-14901 100 15 librarians librarian NOUN crl-14901 100 16 at at ADP crl-14901 100 17 regional regional ADJ crl-14901 100 18 campuses campus NOUN crl-14901 100 19 . . PUNCT crl-14901 101 1 the the DET crl-14901 101 2 reason reason NOUN crl-14901 101 3 for for ADP crl-14901 101 4 this this DET crl-14901 101 5 exclusion exclusion NOUN crl-14901 101 6 was be AUX crl-14901 101 7 that that SCONJ crl-14901 101 8 among among ADP crl-14901 101 9 campuses campus NOUN crl-14901 101 10 there there PRON crl-14901 101 11 was be VERB crl-14901 101 12 no no DET crl-14901 101 13 consistency consistency NOUN crl-14901 101 14 in in ADP crl-14901 101 15 whether whether SCONJ crl-14901 101 16 law law NOUN crl-14901 101 17 , , PUNCT crl-14901 101 18 health health NOUN crl-14901 101 19 , , PUNCT crl-14901 101 20 or or CCONJ crl-14901 101 21 regional regional ADJ crl-14901 101 22 campus campus NOUN crl-14901 101 23 libraries library NOUN crl-14901 101 24 were be AUX crl-14901 101 25 part part NOUN crl-14901 101 26 of of ADP crl-14901 101 27 the the DET crl-14901 101 28 central central ADJ crl-14901 101 29 research research NOUN crl-14901 101 30 library library NOUN crl-14901 101 31 system system NOUN crl-14901 101 32 or or CCONJ crl-14901 101 33 whether whether SCONJ crl-14901 101 34 they they PRON crl-14901 101 35 operated operate VERB crl-14901 101 36 independently independently ADV crl-14901 101 37 from from ADP crl-14901 101 38 it it PRON crl-14901 101 39 . . PUNCT crl-14901 102 1 in in ADP crl-14901 102 2 an an DET crl-14901 102 3 effort effort NOUN crl-14901 102 4 to to PART crl-14901 102 5 create create VERB crl-14901 102 6 a a DET crl-14901 102 7 more more ADV crl-14901 102 8 homogeneous homogeneous ADJ crl-14901 102 9 population population NOUN crl-14901 102 10 profile profile NOUN crl-14901 102 11 , , PUNCT crl-14901 102 12 the the DET crl-14901 102 13 researcher researcher NOUN crl-14901 102 14 decided decide VERB crl-14901 102 15 to to PART crl-14901 102 16 exclude exclude VERB crl-14901 102 17 them they PRON crl-14901 102 18 from from ADP crl-14901 102 19 the the DET crl-14901 102 20 survey survey NOUN crl-14901 102 21 . . PUNCT crl-14901 103 1 also also ADV crl-14901 103 2 excluded exclude VERB crl-14901 103 3 from from ADP crl-14901 103 4 the the DET crl-14901 103 5 nonunion nonunion NOUN crl-14901 103 6 list list NOUN crl-14901 103 7 were be AUX crl-14901 103 8 higher high ADJ crl-14901 103 9 administrative administrative ADJ crl-14901 103 10 staff staff NOUN crl-14901 103 11 , , PUNCT crl-14901 103 12 that that ADV crl-14901 103 13 is is ADV crl-14901 103 14 , , PUNCT crl-14901 103 15 directors director NOUN crl-14901 103 16 , , PUNCT crl-14901 103 17 assistant assistant NOUN crl-14901 103 18 directors director NOUN crl-14901 103 19 , , PUNCT crl-14901 103 20 and and CCONJ crl-14901 103 21 personnel personnel NOUN crl-14901 103 22 administrators administrator NOUN crl-14901 103 23 , , PUNCT crl-14901 103 24 because because SCONJ crl-14901 103 25 this this DET crl-14901 103 26 type type NOUN crl-14901 103 27 of of ADP crl-14901 103 28 employee employee NOUN crl-14901 103 29 was be AUX crl-14901 103 30 not not PART crl-14901 103 31 part part NOUN crl-14901 103 32 of of ADP crl-14901 103 33 the the DET crl-14901 103 34 union union NOUN crl-14901 103 35 group group NOUN crl-14901 103 36 ( ( PUNCT crl-14901 103 37 higher high ADJ crl-14901 103 38 administrative administrative ADJ crl-14901 103 39 staff staff NOUN crl-14901 103 40 are be AUX crl-14901 103 41 not not PART crl-14901 103 42 represented represent VERB crl-14901 103 43 by by ADP crl-14901 103 44 unions union NOUN crl-14901 103 45 ) ) PUNCT crl-14901 103 46 . . PUNCT crl-14901 104 1 finally finally ADV crl-14901 104 2 , , PUNCT crl-14901 104 3 the the DET crl-14901 104 4 names name NOUN crl-14901 104 5 of of ADP crl-14901 104 6 participants participant NOUN crl-14901 104 7 in in ADP crl-14901 104 8 the the DET crl-14901 104 9 survey survey NOUN crl-14901 104 10 were be AUX crl-14901 104 11 selected select VERB crl-14901 104 12 using use VERB crl-14901 104 13 a a DET crl-14901 104 14 table table NOUN crl-14901 104 15 of of ADP crl-14901 104 16 random random ADJ crl-14901 104 17 numbers number NOUN crl-14901 104 18 . . PUNCT crl-14901 105 1 measures measure NOUN crl-14901 105 2 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 105 3 to to ADP crl-14901 105 4 the the DET crl-14901 105 5 employing employ VERB crl-14901 105 6 organization organization NOUN crl-14901 105 7 was be AUX crl-14901 105 8 measured measure VERB crl-14901 105 9 by by ADP crl-14901 105 10 porter porter PROPN crl-14901 105 11 's 's PART crl-14901 105 12 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14901 105 13 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 105 14 questionnaire questionnaire NOUN crl-14901 105 15 ( ( PUNCT crl-14901 105 16 ocq).24 ocq).24 NOUN crl-14901 105 17 minor minor ADJ crl-14901 105 18 modifications modification NOUN crl-14901 105 19 were be AUX crl-14901 105 20 made make VERB crl-14901 105 21 in in ADP crl-14901 105 22 the the DET crl-14901 105 23 language language NOUN crl-14901 105 24 of of ADP crl-14901 105 25 this this DET crl-14901 105 26 questionnaire questionnaire NOUN crl-14901 105 27 to to PART crl-14901 105 28 make make VERB crl-14901 105 29 it it PRON crl-14901 105 30 more more ADV crl-14901 105 31 suitable suitable ADJ crl-14901 105 32 to to ADP crl-14901 105 33 the the DET crl-14901 105 34 surveyed survey VERB crl-14901 105 35 population population NOUN crl-14901 105 36 . . PUNCT crl-14901 106 1 ocq ocq PROPN crl-14901 106 2 has have AUX crl-14901 106 3 been be AUX crl-14901 106 4 used use VERB crl-14901 106 5 extensively extensively ADV crl-14901 106 6 in in ADP crl-14901 106 7 previous previous ADJ crl-14901 106 8 studies study NOUN crl-14901 106 9 that that PRON crl-14901 106 10 measured measure VERB crl-14901 106 11 worker worker NOUN crl-14901 106 12 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 106 13 to to ADP crl-14901 106 14 employers employer NOUN crl-14901 106 15 . . PUNCT crl-14901 107 1 previous previous ADJ crl-14901 107 2 research research NOUN crl-14901 107 3 has have AUX crl-14901 107 4 shown show VERB crl-14901 107 5 sufficient sufficient ADJ crl-14901 107 6 levels level NOUN crl-14901 107 7 of of ADP crl-14901 107 8 reliability reliability NOUN crl-14901 107 9 and and CCONJ crl-14901 107 10 validity validity NOUN crl-14901 107 11 as as ADP crl-14901 107 12 a a DET crl-14901 107 13 general general ADJ crl-14901 107 14 measure measure NOUN crl-14901 107 15 of of ADP crl-14901 107 16 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 107 17 for for ADP crl-14901 107 18 most most ADJ crl-14901 107 19 working working NOUN crl-14901 107 20 populations population NOUN crl-14901 107 21 . . PUNCT crl-14901 108 1 in in ADP crl-14901 108 2 addition addition NOUN crl-14901 108 3 , , PUNCT crl-14901 108 4 the the DET crl-14901 108 5 definition definition NOUN crl-14901 108 6 of of ADP crl-14901 108 7 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14901 108 8 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 108 9 used use VERB crl-14901 108 10 in in ADP crl-14901 108 11 the the DET crl-14901 108 12 construction construction NOUN crl-14901 108 13 of of ADP crl-14901 108 14 302 302 NUM crl-14901 108 15 college college PROPN crl-14901 108 16 & & CCONJ crl-14901 108 17 research research PROPN crl-14901 108 18 libraries library NOUN crl-14901 108 19 ocq ocq PROPN crl-14901 108 20 was be AUX crl-14901 108 21 consistent consistent ADJ crl-14901 108 22 with with ADP crl-14901 108 23 the the DET crl-14901 108 24 purposes purpose NOUN crl-14901 108 25 of of ADP crl-14901 108 26 this this DET crl-14901 108 27 investigation investigation NOUN crl-14901 108 28 . . PUNCT crl-14901 109 1 the the DET crl-14901 109 2 union union NOUN crl-14901 109 3 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 109 4 measure measure NOUN crl-14901 109 5 of of ADP crl-14901 109 6 this this DET crl-14901 109 7 study study NOUN crl-14901 109 8 included include VERB crl-14901 109 9 eleven eleven NUM crl-14901 109 10 items item NOUN crl-14901 109 11 adapted adapt VERB crl-14901 109 12 from from ADP crl-14901 109 13 porter porter NOUN crl-14901 109 14 's 's PART crl-14901 109 15 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14901 109 16 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 109 17 questionnaire questionnaire NOUN crl-14901 109 18 ( ( PUNCT crl-14901 109 19 ocq ocq ADV crl-14901 109 20 ) ) PUNCT crl-14901 109 21 . . PUNCT crl-14901 110 1 a a DET crl-14901 110 2 very very ADV crl-14901 110 3 similar similar ADJ crl-14901 110 4 instrument instrument NOUN crl-14901 110 5 was be AUX crl-14901 110 6 previously previously ADV crl-14901 110 7 used use VERB crl-14901 110 8 in in ADP crl-14901 110 9 union union NOUN crl-14901 110 10 studies study NOUN crl-14901 110 11 by by ADP crl-14901 110 12 chester chester PROPN crl-14901 110 13 a. a. PROPN crl-14901 110 14 schriesheim schriesheim PROPN crl-14901 110 15 and and CCONJ crl-14901 110 16 anne anne PROPN crl-14901 110 17 s. s. PROPN crl-14901 110 18 tsui tsui PROPN crl-14901 110 19 , , PUNCT crl-14901 110 20 dan dan PROPN crl-14901 110 21 r. r. PROPN crl-14901 110 22 dalton dalton PROPN crl-14901 110 23 and and CCONJ crl-14901 110 24 william william PROPN crl-14901 110 25 d. d. PROPN crl-14901 110 26 todor todor PROPN crl-14901 110 27 , , PUNCT crl-14901 110 28 and and CCONJ crl-14901 110 29 edward edward PROPN crl-14901 110 30 j. j. PROPN crl-14901 110 31 conlon conlon PROPN crl-14901 110 32 and and CCONJ crl-14901 110 33 daniel daniel PROPN crl-14901 110 34 j. j. PROPN crl-14901 110 35 gallagher.2s--27 gallagher.2s--27 PROPN crl-14901 110 36 a a DET crl-14901 110 37 few few ADJ crl-14901 110 38 modifications modification NOUN crl-14901 110 39 in in ADP crl-14901 110 40 the the DET crl-14901 110 41 language language NOUN crl-14901 110 42 of of ADP crl-14901 110 43 this this DET crl-14901 110 44 measure measure NOUN crl-14901 110 45 were be AUX crl-14901 110 46 included include VERB crl-14901 110 47 to to PART crl-14901 110 48 better well ADV crl-14901 110 49 fit fit VERB crl-14901 110 50 the the DET crl-14901 110 51 purposes purpose NOUN crl-14901 110 52 of of ADP crl-14901 110 53 this this DET crl-14901 110 54 study study NOUN crl-14901 110 55 . . PUNCT crl-14901 111 1 this this DET crl-14901 111 2 questionnaire questionnaire NOUN crl-14901 111 3 had have AUX crl-14901 111 4 shown show VERB crl-14901 111 5 high high ADJ crl-14901 111 6 levels level NOUN crl-14901 111 7 of of ADP crl-14901 111 8 internal internal ADJ crl-14901 111 9 reliability reliability NOUN crl-14901 111 10 and and CCONJ crl-14901 111 11 agreed agree VERB crl-14901 111 12 with with ADP crl-14901 111 13 the the DET crl-14901 111 14 definition definition NOUN crl-14901 111 15 of of ADP crl-14901 111 16 union union NOUN crl-14901 111 17 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 111 18 in in ADP crl-14901 111 19 the the DET crl-14901 111 20 present present ADJ crl-14901 111 21 study study NOUN crl-14901 111 22 . . PUNCT crl-14901 112 1 the the DET crl-14901 112 2 items item NOUN crl-14901 112 3 of of ADP crl-14901 112 4 this this DET crl-14901 112 5 measure measure NOUN crl-14901 112 6 were be AUX crl-14901 112 7 included include VERB crl-14901 112 8 only only ADV crl-14901 112 9 in in ADP crl-14901 112 10 the the DET crl-14901 112 11 survey survey NOUN crl-14901 112 12 of of ADP crl-14901 112 13 the the DET crl-14901 112 14 union union NOUN crl-14901 112 15 participants participant NOUN crl-14901 112 16 . . PUNCT crl-14901 113 1 the the DET crl-14901 113 2 response response NOUN crl-14901 113 3 format format NOUN crl-14901 113 4 for for ADP crl-14901 113 5 the the DET crl-14901 113 6 items item NOUN crl-14901 113 7 of of ADP crl-14901 113 8 both both CCONJ crl-14901 113 9 ocq ocq PROPN crl-14901 113 10 and and CCONJ crl-14901 113 11 union union NOUN crl-14901 113 12 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 113 13 measure measure NOUN crl-14901 113 14 employed employ VERB crl-14901 113 15 a a DET crl-14901 113 16 5 5 NUM crl-14901 113 17 - - PUNCT crl-14901 113 18 point point NOUN crl-14901 113 19 likert likert NOUN crl-14901 113 20 scale scale NOUN crl-14901 113 21 ( ( PUNCT crl-14901 113 22 1 1 NUM crl-14901 113 23 to to PART crl-14901 113 24 5 5 NUM crl-14901 113 25 ) ) PUNCT crl-14901 113 26 with with ADP crl-14901 113 27 anchors anchor NOUN crl-14901 113 28 ranging range VERB crl-14901 113 29 from from ADP crl-14901 113 30 " " PUNCT crl-14901 113 31 strongly strongly ADV crl-14901 113 32 agree agree VERB crl-14901 113 33 " " PUNCT crl-14901 113 34 to to PART crl-14901 113 35 " " PUNCT crl-14901 113 36 strongly strongly ADV crl-14901 113 37 disagree disagree VERB crl-14901 113 38 . . PUNCT crl-14901 113 39 " " PUNCT crl-14901 114 1 participants participant NOUN crl-14901 114 2 in in ADP crl-14901 114 3 the the DET crl-14901 114 4 union union NOUN crl-14901 114 5 sample sample NOUN crl-14901 114 6 were be AUX crl-14901 114 7 asked ask VERB crl-14901 114 8 to to PART crl-14901 114 9 identify identify VERB crl-14901 114 10 themselves themselves PRON crl-14901 114 11 as as ADP crl-14901 114 12 registered registered ADJ crl-14901 114 13 or or CCONJ crl-14901 114 14 nonregistered nonregistere VERB crl-14901 114 15 union union NOUN crl-14901 114 16 members member NOUN crl-14901 114 17 . . PUNCT crl-14901 115 1 based base VERB crl-14901 115 2 on on ADP crl-14901 115 3 the the DET crl-14901 115 4 design design NOUN crl-14901 115 5 of of ADP crl-14901 115 6 similar similar ADJ crl-14901 115 7 past past ADJ crl-14901 115 8 studies study NOUN crl-14901 115 9 , , PUNCT crl-14901 115 10 all all DET crl-14901 115 11 respondents respondent NOUN crl-14901 115 12 were be AUX crl-14901 115 13 asked ask VERB crl-14901 115 14 to to PART crl-14901 115 15 indicate indicate VERB crl-14901 115 16 their their PRON crl-14901 115 17 gender gender NOUN crl-14901 115 18 , , PUNCT crl-14901 115 19 age age NOUN crl-14901 115 20 , , PUNCT crl-14901 115 21 total total ADJ crl-14901 115 22 years year NOUN crl-14901 115 23 of of ADP crl-14901 115 24 work work NOUN crl-14901 115 25 as as ADP crl-14901 115 26 a a DET crl-14901 115 27 library library NOUN crl-14901 115 28 employee employee NOUN crl-14901 115 29 , , PUNCT crl-14901 115 30 full full ADJ crl-14901 115 31 - - PUNCT crl-14901 115 32 time time NOUN crl-14901 115 33 or or CCONJ crl-14901 115 34 parttime parttime NOUN crl-14901 115 35 employment employment NOUN crl-14901 115 36 status status NOUN crl-14901 115 37 , , PUNCT crl-14901 115 38 and and CCONJ crl-14901 115 39 total total ADJ crl-14901 115 40 annual annual ADJ crl-14901 115 41 salary salary NOUN crl-14901 115 42 . . PUNCT crl-14901 116 1 in in ADP crl-14901 116 2 the the DET crl-14901 116 3 present present ADJ crl-14901 116 4 research research NOUN crl-14901 116 5 these these DET crl-14901 116 6 demographic demographic ADJ crl-14901 116 7 variables variable NOUN crl-14901 116 8 entered enter VERB crl-14901 116 9 the the DET crl-14901 116 10 statistical statistical ADJ crl-14901 116 11 analysis analysis NOUN crl-14901 116 12 as as ADP crl-14901 116 13 control control NOUN crl-14901 116 14 variables variable NOUN crl-14901 116 15 . . PUNCT crl-14901 117 1 in in ADP crl-14901 117 2 this this DET crl-14901 117 3 way way NOUN crl-14901 117 4 it it PRON crl-14901 117 5 was be AUX crl-14901 117 6 also also ADV crl-14901 117 7 possible possible ADJ crl-14901 117 8 to to PART crl-14901 117 9 explore explore VERB crl-14901 117 10 the the DET crl-14901 117 11 extent extent NOUN crl-14901 117 12 to to PART crl-14901 117 13 which which PRON crl-14901 117 14 they they PRON crl-14901 117 15 may may AUX crl-14901 117 16 also also ADV crl-14901 117 17 have have VERB crl-14901 117 18 an an DET crl-14901 117 19 effect effect NOUN crl-14901 117 20 on on ADP crl-14901 117 21 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14901 117 22 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 117 23 . . PUNCT crl-14901 118 1 the the DET crl-14901 118 2 last last ADJ crl-14901 118 3 page page NOUN crl-14901 118 4 of of ADP crl-14901 118 5 the the DET crl-14901 118 6 questionnaire questionnaire NOUN crl-14901 118 7 invited invite VERB crl-14901 118 8 the the DET crl-14901 118 9 participants participant NOUN crl-14901 118 10 to to PART crl-14901 118 11 offer offer VERB crl-14901 118 12 additional additional ADJ crl-14901 118 13 comments comment NOUN crl-14901 118 14 or or CCONJ crl-14901 118 15 other other ADJ crl-14901 118 16 information information NOUN crl-14901 118 17 that that PRON crl-14901 118 18 they they PRON crl-14901 118 19 thought think VERB crl-14901 118 20 might might AUX crl-14901 118 21 be be AUX crl-14901 118 22 valuable valuable ADJ crl-14901 118 23 to to ADP crl-14901 118 24 the the DET crl-14901 118 25 study study NOUN crl-14901 118 26 . . PUNCT crl-14901 119 1 these these DET crl-14901 119 2 comments comment NOUN crl-14901 119 3 were be AUX crl-14901 119 4 used use VERB crl-14901 119 5 to to PART crl-14901 119 6 speculate speculate VERB crl-14901 119 7 further far ADV crl-14901 119 8 on on ADP crl-14901 119 9 the the DET crl-14901 119 10 results result NOUN crl-14901 119 11 of of ADP crl-14901 119 12 this this DET crl-14901 119 13 research research NOUN crl-14901 119 14 . . PUNCT crl-14901 120 1 data datum NOUN crl-14901 120 2 were be AUX crl-14901 120 3 collected collect VERB crl-14901 120 4 during during ADP crl-14901 120 5 fall fall NOUN crl-14901 120 6 1991 1991 NUM crl-14901 120 7 . . PUNCT crl-14901 121 1 out out ADP crl-14901 121 2 of of ADP crl-14901 121 3 the the DET crl-14901 121 4 total total ADJ crl-14901 121 5 sample sample NOUN crl-14901 121 6 of of ADP crl-14901 121 7 400 400 NUM crl-14901 121 8 surveyed survey VERB crl-14901 121 9 individuals individual NOUN crl-14901 121 10 , , PUNCT crl-14901 121 11 363 363 NUM crl-14901 121 12 or or CCONJ crl-14901 121 13 91 91 NUM crl-14901 121 14 percent percent NOUN crl-14901 121 15 responded respond VERB crl-14901 121 16 , , PUNCT crl-14901 121 17 including include VERB crl-14901 121 18 six six NUM crl-14901 121 19 refusals refusal NOUN crl-14901 121 20 to to PART crl-14901 121 21 participate participate VERB crl-14901 121 22 and and CCONJ crl-14901 121 23 thirteen thirteen NUM crl-14901 121 24 invalid invalid ADJ crl-14901 121 25 responses response NOUN crl-14901 121 26 . . PUNCT crl-14901 122 1 excluding exclude VERB crl-14901 122 2 the the DET crl-14901 122 3 refusals refusal NOUN crl-14901 122 4 and and CCONJ crl-14901 122 5 invalid invalid ADJ crl-14901 122 6 responses response NOUN crl-14901 122 7 , , PUNCT crl-14901 122 8 the the DET crl-14901 122 9 response response NOUN crl-14901 122 10 rate rate NOUN crl-14901 122 11 reached reach VERB crl-14901 122 12 89 89 NUM crl-14901 122 13 percent percent NOUN crl-14901 122 14 . . PUNCT crl-14901 123 1 within within ADP crl-14901 123 2 the the DET crl-14901 123 3 nonunion nonunion ADJ crl-14901 123 4 group group NOUN crl-14901 123 5 july july PROPN crl-14901 123 6 1994 1994 NUM crl-14901 123 7 there there PRON crl-14901 123 8 were be VERB crl-14901 123 9 189 189 NUM crl-14901 123 10 or or CCONJ crl-14901 123 11 94.5 94.5 NUM crl-14901 123 12 percent percent NOUN crl-14901 123 13 returned return VERB crl-14901 123 14 responses response NOUN crl-14901 123 15 , , PUNCT crl-14901 123 16 whereas whereas SCONJ crl-14901 123 17 within within ADP crl-14901 123 18 the the DET crl-14901 123 19 union union NOUN crl-14901 123 20 group group NOUN crl-14901 123 21 there there PRON crl-14901 123 22 were be VERB crl-14901 123 23 174 174 NUM crl-14901 123 24 or or CCONJ crl-14901 123 25 87 87 NUM crl-14901 123 26 percent percent NOUN crl-14901 123 27 returned return VERB crl-14901 123 28 responses response NOUN crl-14901 123 29 . . PUNCT crl-14901 124 1 results result NOUN crl-14901 124 2 table table NOUN crl-14901 124 3 1 1 NUM crl-14901 124 4 provides provide VERB crl-14901 124 5 the the DET crl-14901 124 6 population population NOUN crl-14901 124 7 profile profile NOUN crl-14901 124 8 of of ADP crl-14901 124 9 this this DET crl-14901 124 10 survey survey NOUN crl-14901 124 11 based base VERB crl-14901 124 12 on on ADP crl-14901 124 13 an an DET crl-14901 124 14 analysis analysis NOUN crl-14901 124 15 of of ADP crl-14901 124 16 the the DET crl-14901 124 17 demographic demographic ADJ crl-14901 124 18 characteristics characteristic NOUN crl-14901 124 19 of of ADP crl-14901 124 20 the the DET crl-14901 124 21 respondents respondent NOUN crl-14901 124 22 . . PUNCT crl-14901 125 1 it it PRON crl-14901 125 2 should should AUX crl-14901 125 3 be be AUX crl-14901 125 4 noted note VERB crl-14901 125 5 that that SCONJ crl-14901 125 6 the the DET crl-14901 125 7 distribution distribution NOUN crl-14901 125 8 of of ADP crl-14901 125 9 the the DET crl-14901 125 10 population population NOUN crl-14901 125 11 regarding regard VERB crl-14901 125 12 employment employment NOUN crl-14901 125 13 status status NOUN crl-14901 125 14 ( ( PUNCT crl-14901 125 15 full full ADJ crl-14901 125 16 - - PUNCT crl-14901 125 17 time time NOUN crl-14901 125 18 versus versus ADP crl-14901 125 19 part part NOUN crl-14901 125 20 - - PUNCT crl-14901 125 21 time time NOUN crl-14901 125 22 ) ) PUNCT crl-14901 125 23 was be AUX crl-14901 125 24 quite quite ADV crl-14901 125 25 uneven uneven ADJ crl-14901 125 26 . . PUNCT crl-14901 126 1 however however ADV crl-14901 126 2 , , PUNCT crl-14901 126 3 the the DET crl-14901 126 4 researcher researcher NOUN crl-14901 126 5 decided decide VERB crl-14901 126 6 to to PART crl-14901 126 7 include include VERB crl-14901 126 8 this this DET crl-14901 126 9 demographic demographic ADJ crl-14901 126 10 variable variable NOUN crl-14901 126 11 in in ADP crl-14901 126 12 the the DET crl-14901 126 13 analysis analysis NOUN crl-14901 126 14 of of ADP crl-14901 126 15 data datum NOUN crl-14901 126 16 . . PUNCT crl-14901 127 1 tablel tablel ADJ crl-14901 127 2 summary summary NOUN crl-14901 127 3 of of ADP crl-14901 127 4 demographic demographic ADJ crl-14901 127 5 characteristics characteristic NOUN crl-14901 127 6 for for ADP crl-14901 127 7 respondents respondent NOUN crl-14901 127 8 demographic demographic ADJ crl-14901 127 9 % % NOUN crl-14901 127 10 of of ADP crl-14901 127 11 characteristics characteristic NOUN crl-14901 127 12 res2ondents res2ondents PROPN crl-14901 127 13 gender gender NOUN crl-14901 127 14 male male NOUN crl-14901 127 15 36.3 36.3 NUM crl-14901 127 16 female female ADJ crl-14901 127 17 63.7 63.7 NUM crl-14901 127 18 age age NOUN crl-14901 127 19 20 20 NUM crl-14901 127 20 - - SYM crl-14901 127 21 30 30 NUM crl-14901 127 22 5.3 5.3 NUM crl-14901 127 23 31 31 NUM crl-14901 127 24 - - SYM crl-14901 127 25 40 40 NUM crl-14901 127 26 29.6 29.6 NUM crl-14901 127 27 41 41 NUM crl-14901 127 28 - - SYM crl-14901 127 29 50 50 NUM crl-14901 127 30 41.6 41.6 NUM crl-14901 127 31 51 51 NUM crl-14901 127 32 - - SYM crl-14901 127 33 60 60 NUM crl-14901 127 34 15.0 15.0 NUM crl-14901 127 35 over over ADP crl-14901 127 36 61 61 NUM crl-14901 127 37 8.5 8.5 NUM crl-14901 127 38 years year NOUN crl-14901 127 39 of of ADP crl-14901 127 40 library library NOUN crl-14901 127 41 experience experience NOUN crl-14901 127 42 1 1 NUM crl-14901 127 43 - - SYM crl-14901 127 44 5 5 NUM crl-14901 127 45 12.8 12.8 NUM crl-14901 127 46 6 6 NUM crl-14901 127 47 - - SYM crl-14901 127 48 10 10 NUM crl-14901 127 49 18.1 18.1 NUM crl-14901 127 50 11 11 NUM crl-14901 127 51 - - SYM crl-14901 127 52 15 15 NUM crl-14901 127 53 18.7 18.7 NUM crl-14901 127 54 16 16 NUM crl-14901 127 55 - - SYM crl-14901 127 56 20 20 NUM crl-14901 127 57 20.2 20.2 NUM crl-14901 127 58 21 21 NUM crl-14901 127 59 - - SYM crl-14901 127 60 25 25 NUM crl-14901 127 61 15.8 15.8 NUM crl-14901 127 62 26 26 NUM crl-14901 127 63 - - SYM crl-14901 127 64 30 30 NUM crl-14901 127 65 7.0 7.0 NUM crl-14901 127 66 over over ADP crl-14901 127 67 31 31 NUM crl-14901 127 68 7.4 7.4 NUM crl-14901 127 69 employment employment NOUN crl-14901 127 70 status status NOUN crl-14901 127 71 full full ADJ crl-14901 127 72 - - PUNCT crl-14901 127 73 time time NOUN crl-14901 127 74 93.9 93.9 NUM crl-14901 127 75 part part NOUN crl-14901 127 76 - - PUNCT crl-14901 127 77 time time NOUN crl-14901 127 78 6.1 6.1 NUM crl-14901 127 79 annual annual ADJ crl-14901 127 80 salary salary NOUN crl-14901 127 81 less less ADJ crl-14901 127 82 than than ADP crl-14901 127 83 $ $ SYM crl-14901 127 84 20,000 20,000 NUM crl-14901 127 85 3.2 3.2 NUM crl-14901 127 86 20,000 20,000 NUM crl-14901 127 87 to to PART crl-14901 127 88 24,999 24,999 NUM crl-14901 127 89 7.3 7.3 NUM crl-14901 127 90 25,000 25,000 NUM crl-14901 127 91 to to PART crl-14901 127 92 29,999 29,999 NUM crl-14901 127 93 19.8 19.8 NUM crl-14901 127 94 30,000 30,000 NUM crl-14901 127 95 to to ADP crl-14901 127 96 34,999 34,999 NUM crl-14901 127 97 17.5 17.5 NUM crl-14901 127 98 35,000 35,000 NUM crl-14901 127 99 to to ADP crl-14901 127 100 39,999 39,999 NUM crl-14901 127 101 17.3 17.3 NUM crl-14901 127 102 40,000 40,000 NUM crl-14901 127 103 to to ADP crl-14901 127 104 44,999 44,999 NUM crl-14901 127 105 17.3 17.3 NUM crl-14901 127 106 over over ADP crl-14901 127 107 $ $ SYM crl-14901 127 108 45,000 45,000 NUM crl-14901 127 109 17.6 17.6 NUM crl-14901 127 110 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14901 127 111 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 127 112 303 303 NUM crl-14901 127 113 table2 table2 NOUN crl-14901 127 114 regression regression NOUN crl-14901 127 115 results result NOUN crl-14901 127 116 predicting predict VERB crl-14901 127 117 library library NOUN crl-14901 127 118 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 127 119 by by ADP crl-14901 127 120 type type NOUN crl-14901 127 121 of of ADP crl-14901 127 122 institution institution NOUN crl-14901 127 123 ( ( PUNCT crl-14901 127 124 union union NOUN crl-14901 127 125 versus versus ADP crl-14901 127 126 nonunion nonunion NOUN crl-14901 127 127 ) ) PUNCT crl-14901 127 128 with with ADP crl-14901 127 129 demographics demographic NOUN crl-14901 127 130 as as ADP crl-14901 127 131 control control NOUN crl-14901 127 132 variables variable VERB crl-14901 127 133 independent independent ADJ crl-14901 127 134 variables variable NOUN crl-14901 127 135 coefficient coefficient VERB crl-14901 127 136 t t PROPN crl-14901 127 137 signt signt PROPN crl-14901 127 138 union union PROPN crl-14901 127 139 -4.860 -4.860 PROPN crl-14901 127 140 -3.998 -3.998 PUNCT crl-14901 127 141 0.000 0.000 NUM crl-14901 127 142 * * PUNCT crl-14901 127 143 * * PUNCT crl-14901 127 144 * * NOUN crl-14901 127 145 gender gender NOUN crl-14901 127 146 2.255 2.255 NUM crl-14901 127 147 1.838 1.838 NUM crl-14901 127 148 0.067 0.067 NUM crl-14901 127 149 age age NOUN crl-14901 127 150 0.239 0.239 NUM crl-14901 127 151 0.278 0.278 NUM crl-14901 127 152 0.781 0.781 NUM crl-14901 127 153 years year NOUN crl-14901 127 154 of of ADP crl-14901 127 155 library library NOUN crl-14901 127 156 experience experience NOUN crl-14901 127 157 -0.345 -0.345 PUNCT crl-14901 127 158 -0.628 -0.628 NOUN crl-14901 127 159 0.530 0.530 NUM crl-14901 127 160 part part NOUN crl-14901 127 161 - - PUNCT crl-14901 127 162 time time NOUN crl-14901 127 163 ( ( PUNCT crl-14901 127 164 versus versus ADP crl-14901 127 165 full full ADJ crl-14901 127 166 - - PUNCT crl-14901 127 167 time time NOUN crl-14901 127 168 ) ) PUNCT crl-14901 127 169 6.160 6.160 NUM crl-14901 127 170 2.222 2.222 NUM crl-14901 127 171 0.027 0.027 NUM crl-14901 127 172 * * ADJ crl-14901 127 173 salary salary NOUN crl-14901 127 174 1.553 1.553 NUM crl-14901 127 175 3.382 3.382 NUM crl-14901 127 176 0.001 0.001 NUM crl-14901 127 177 * * PUNCT crl-14901 127 178 * * NOUN crl-14901 127 179 constant constant ADJ crl-14901 127 180 42.674 42.674 NUM crl-14901 127 181 note note NOUN crl-14901 127 182 : : PUNCT crl-14901 127 183 the the DET crl-14901 127 184 whole whole ADJ crl-14901 127 185 regression regression NOUN crl-14901 127 186 model model NOUN crl-14901 127 187 had have VERB crl-14901 127 188 an an DET crl-14901 127 189 r2 r2 PROPN crl-14901 127 190 = = SYM crl-14901 127 191 0.076 0.076 NUM crl-14901 127 192 , , PUNCT crl-14901 127 193 with with ADP crl-14901 127 194 f f PROPN crl-14901 127 195 = = PUNCT crl-14901 127 196 4.550 4.550 NUM crl-14901 127 197 , , PUNCT crl-14901 127 198 p p NOUN crl-14901 127 199 < < X crl-14901 128 1 .001 .001 NUM crl-14901 129 1 ( ( PUNCT crl-14901 129 2 df df NOUN crl-14901 129 3 = = PROPN crl-14901 129 4 6,331 6,331 NUM crl-14901 129 5 ) ) PUNCT crl-14901 129 6 . . PUNCT crl-14901 130 1 n n ADV crl-14901 130 2 = = PROPN crl-14901 130 3 344 344 NUM crl-14901 130 4 ; ; PUNCT crl-14901 130 5 • • VERB crl-14901 130 6 p p NOUN crl-14901 130 7 < < X crl-14901 130 8 .os .os NUM crl-14901 130 9 ; ; PUNCT crl-14901 130 10 •• •• X crl-14901 130 11 p p NOUN crl-14901 130 12 < < X crl-14901 130 13 .01 .01 NUM crl-14901 130 14 ; ; PUNCT crl-14901 130 15 ... ... PUNCT crl-14901 131 1 p p NOUN crl-14901 131 2 < < X crl-14901 131 3 .001 .001 NUM crl-14901 131 4 the the DET crl-14901 131 5 means mean NOUN crl-14901 131 6 of of ADP crl-14901 131 7 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14901 131 8 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 131 9 among among ADP crl-14901 131 10 professionals professional NOUN crl-14901 131 11 in in ADP crl-14901 131 12 unionized unionized ADJ crl-14901 131 13 and and CCONJ crl-14901 131 14 nonunionized nonunionized ADJ crl-14901 131 15 institutions institution NOUN crl-14901 131 16 were be AUX crl-14901 131 17 quite quite ADV crl-14901 131 18 moderate moderate ADJ crl-14901 131 19 , , PUNCT crl-14901 131 20 3.114 3.114 NUM crl-14901 131 21 and and CCONJ crl-14901 131 22 3.375 3.375 NUM crl-14901 131 23 respectively respectively ADV crl-14901 131 24 , , PUNCT crl-14901 131 25 indicating indicate VERB crl-14901 131 26 that that SCONJ crl-14901 131 27 , , PUNCT crl-14901 131 28 in in ADP crl-14901 131 29 general general ADJ crl-14901 131 30 , , PUNCT crl-14901 131 31 the the DET crl-14901 131 32 surveyed surveyed ADJ crl-14901 131 33 population population NOUN crl-14901 131 34 seemed seem VERB crl-14901 131 35 to to PART crl-14901 131 36 feel feel VERB crl-14901 131 37 more more ADV crl-14901 131 38 or or CCONJ crl-14901 131 39 less less ADV crl-14901 131 40 neutral neutral ADJ crl-14901 131 41 about about ADP crl-14901 131 42 their their PRON crl-14901 131 43 library library NOUN crl-14901 131 44 employer employer NOUN crl-14901 131 45 . . PUNCT crl-14901 132 1 multiple multiple ADJ crl-14901 132 2 regression regression NOUN crl-14901 132 3 analysis analysis NOUN crl-14901 132 4 was be AUX crl-14901 132 5 used use VERB crl-14901 132 6 for for ADP crl-14901 132 7 the the DET crl-14901 132 8 test test NOUN crl-14901 132 9 of of ADP crl-14901 132 10 all all DET crl-14901 132 11 three three NUM crl-14901 132 12 hypotheses hypothesis NOUN crl-14901 132 13 of of ADP crl-14901 132 14 the the DET crl-14901 132 15 study study NOUN crl-14901 132 16 . . PUNCT crl-14901 133 1 this this DET crl-14901 133 2 procedure procedure NOUN crl-14901 133 3 allowed allow VERB crl-14901 133 4 for for ADP crl-14901 133 5 the the DET crl-14901 133 6 control control NOUN crl-14901 133 7 of of ADP crl-14901 133 8 demographic demographic ADJ crl-14901 133 9 variables variable NOUN crl-14901 133 10 such such ADJ crl-14901 133 11 as as ADP crl-14901 133 12 gender gender NOUN crl-14901 133 13 , , PUNCT crl-14901 133 14 age age NOUN crl-14901 133 15 , , PUNCT crl-14901 133 16 years year NOUN crl-14901 133 17 of of ADP crl-14901 133 18 library library NOUN crl-14901 133 19 experience experience NOUN crl-14901 133 20 , , PUNCT crl-14901 133 21 employment employment NOUN crl-14901 133 22 status status NOUN crl-14901 133 23 ( ( PUNCT crl-14901 133 24 full full ADJ crl-14901 133 25 - - PUNCT crl-14901 133 26 time time NOUN crl-14901 133 27 versus versus ADP crl-14901 133 28 parttime parttime NOUN crl-14901 133 29 ) ) PUNCT crl-14901 133 30 , , PUNCT crl-14901 133 31 and and CCONJ crl-14901 133 32 salary salary NOUN crl-14901 133 33 , , PUNCT crl-14901 133 34 which which PRON crl-14901 133 35 were be AUX crl-14901 133 36 included include VERB crl-14901 133 37 in in ADP crl-14901 133 38 all all DET crl-14901 133 39 regression regression NOUN crl-14901 133 40 equations equation NOUN crl-14901 133 41 . . PUNCT crl-14901 134 1 table table NOUN crl-14901 134 2 2 2 NUM crl-14901 134 3 presents present VERB crl-14901 134 4 the the DET crl-14901 134 5 findings finding NOUN crl-14901 134 6 of of ADP crl-14901 134 7 the the DET crl-14901 134 8 regression regression NOUN crl-14901 134 9 analysis analysis NOUN crl-14901 134 10 for for ADP crl-14901 134 11 the the DET crl-14901 134 12 first first ADJ crl-14901 134 13 hypothesis hypothesis NOUN crl-14901 134 14 of of ADP crl-14901 134 15 the the DET crl-14901 134 16 study study NOUN crl-14901 134 17 which which PRON crl-14901 134 18 tested test VERB crl-14901 134 19 the the DET crl-14901 134 20 significance significance NOUN crl-14901 134 21 of of ADP crl-14901 134 22 the the DET crl-14901 134 23 relationship relationship NOUN crl-14901 134 24 between between ADP crl-14901 134 25 union union NOUN crl-14901 134 26 presence presence NOUN crl-14901 134 27 and and CCONJ crl-14901 134 28 professional professional ADJ crl-14901 134 29 librarians librarian NOUN crl-14901 134 30 ' ' PART crl-14901 134 31 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 134 32 to to ADP crl-14901 134 33 their their PRON crl-14901 134 34 library library NOUN crl-14901 134 35 . . PUNCT crl-14901 135 1 the the DET crl-14901 135 2 results result NOUN crl-14901 135 3 indicated indicate VERB crl-14901 135 4 that that SCONJ crl-14901 135 5 the the DET crl-14901 135 6 presence presence NOUN crl-14901 135 7 of of ADP crl-14901 135 8 unions union NOUN crl-14901 135 9 , , PUNCT crl-14901 135 10 part part ADJ crl-14901 135 11 - - PUNCT crl-14901 135 12 time time NOUN crl-14901 135 13 employment employment NOUN crl-14901 135 14 status status NOUN crl-14901 135 15 , , PUNCT crl-14901 135 16 and and CCONJ crl-14901 135 17 salary salary NOUN crl-14901 135 18 were be AUX crl-14901 135 19 statistically statistically ADV crl-14901 135 20 significant significant ADJ crl-14901 135 21 contributing contributing NOUN crl-14901 135 22 factors factor NOUN crl-14901 135 23 to to ADP crl-14901 135 24 overall overall ADJ crl-14901 135 25 library library NOUN crl-14901 135 26 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 135 27 . . PUNCT crl-14901 136 1 specifically specifically ADV crl-14901 136 2 , , PUNCT crl-14901 136 3 union union NOUN crl-14901 136 4 presence presence NOUN crl-14901 136 5 was be AUX crl-14901 136 6 negatively negatively ADV crl-14901 136 7 related relate VERB crl-14901 136 8 to to ADP crl-14901 136 9 library library NOUN crl-14901 136 10 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 136 11 , , PUNCT crl-14901 136 12 while while SCONJ crl-14901 136 13 the the DET crl-14901 136 14 two two NUM crl-14901 136 15 demographic demographic ADJ crl-14901 136 16 variables variable NOUN crl-14901 136 17 of of ADP crl-14901 136 18 part part ADJ crl-14901 136 19 - - PUNCT crl-14901 136 20 time time NOUN crl-14901 136 21 employment employment NOUN crl-14901 136 22 and and CCONJ crl-14901 136 23 salary salary NOUN crl-14901 136 24 had have VERB crl-14901 136 25 a a DET crl-14901 136 26 significant significant ADJ crl-14901 136 27 positive positive ADJ crl-14901 136 28 relation relation NOUN crl-14901 136 29 with with ADP crl-14901 136 30 library library NOUN crl-14901 136 31 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 136 32 . . PUNCT crl-14901 137 1 professional professional ADJ crl-14901 137 2 employees employee NOUN crl-14901 137 3 in in ADP crl-14901 137 4 unionized unionized ADJ crl-14901 137 5 libraries library NOUN crl-14901 137 6 reported report VERB crl-14901 137 7 lower low ADJ crl-14901 137 8 feelings feeling NOUN crl-14901 137 9 of of ADP crl-14901 137 10 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 137 11 to to ADP crl-14901 137 12 their their PRON crl-14901 137 13 library library NOUN crl-14901 137 14 . . PUNCT crl-14901 138 1 in in ADP crl-14901 138 2 addition addition NOUN crl-14901 138 3 , , PUNCT crl-14901 138 4 those those PRON crl-14901 138 5 with with ADP crl-14901 138 6 part part ADJ crl-14901 138 7 - - PUNCT crl-14901 138 8 time time NOUN crl-14901 138 9 appointments appointment NOUN crl-14901 138 10 and and CCONJ crl-14901 138 11 higher high ADJ crl-14901 138 12 salaries salary NOUN crl-14901 138 13 tended tend VERB crl-14901 138 14 to to PART crl-14901 138 15 identify identify VERB crl-14901 138 16 more more ADV crl-14901 138 17 strongly strongly ADV crl-14901 138 18 with with ADP crl-14901 138 19 their their PRON crl-14901 138 20 employer employer NOUN crl-14901 138 21 . . PUNCT crl-14901 139 1 the the DET crl-14901 139 2 above above ADJ crl-14901 139 3 regression regression NOUN crl-14901 139 4 model model NOUN crl-14901 139 5 had have VERB crl-14901 139 6 a a DET crl-14901 139 7 relatively relatively ADV crl-14901 139 8 low low ADJ crl-14901 139 9 r2 r2 NOUN crl-14901 139 10 value value NOUN crl-14901 139 11 . . PUNCT crl-14901 140 1 only only ADV crl-14901 140 2 7.6 7.6 NUM crl-14901 140 3 percent percent NOUN crl-14901 140 4 of of ADP crl-14901 140 5 the the DET crl-14901 140 6 variance variance NOUN crl-14901 140 7 of of ADP crl-14901 140 8 overall overall ADJ crl-14901 140 9 library library NOUN crl-14901 140 10 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 140 11 could could AUX crl-14901 140 12 be be AUX crl-14901 140 13 explained explain VERB crl-14901 140 14 by by ADP crl-14901 140 15 the the DET crl-14901 140 16 variables variable NOUN crl-14901 140 17 of of ADP crl-14901 140 18 union union NOUN crl-14901 140 19 presence presence NOUN crl-14901 140 20 and and CCONJ crl-14901 140 21 the the DET crl-14901 140 22 demographic demographic ADJ crl-14901 140 23 control control NOUN crl-14901 140 24 variables variable NOUN crl-14901 140 25 ( ( PUNCT crl-14901 140 26 particularly particularly ADV crl-14901 140 27 , , PUNCT crl-14901 140 28 part part ADJ crl-14901 140 29 - - PUNCT crl-14901 140 30 time time NOUN crl-14901 140 31 status status NOUN crl-14901 140 32 and and CCONJ crl-14901 140 33 salary salary NOUN crl-14901 140 34 ) ) PUNCT crl-14901 140 35 . . PUNCT crl-14901 141 1 this this DET crl-14901 141 2 study study NOUN crl-14901 141 3 investigated investigate VERB crl-14901 141 4 the the DET crl-14901 141 5 issue issue NOUN crl-14901 141 6 of of ADP crl-14901 141 7 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14901 141 8 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 141 9 within within ADP crl-14901 141 10 the the DET crl-14901 141 11 union union NOUN crl-14901 141 12 group group NOUN crl-14901 141 13 . . PUNCT crl-14901 142 1 specifically specifically ADV crl-14901 142 2 , , PUNCT crl-14901 142 3 it it PRON crl-14901 142 4 explored explore VERB crl-14901 142 5 the the DET crl-14901 142 6 possibility possibility NOUN crl-14901 142 7 of of ADP crl-14901 142 8 a a DET crl-14901 142 9 difference difference NOUN crl-14901 142 10 in in ADP crl-14901 142 11 the the DET crl-14901 142 12 feelings feeling NOUN crl-14901 142 13 of of ADP crl-14901 142 14 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14901 142 15 loyalty loyalty NOUN crl-14901 142 16 among among ADP crl-14901 142 17 professional professional ADJ crl-14901 142 18 library library NOUN crl-14901 142 19 employees employee NOUN crl-14901 142 20 who who PRON crl-14901 142 21 were be AUX crl-14901 142 22 registered register VERB crl-14901 142 23 union union NOUN crl-14901 142 24 members member NOUN crl-14901 142 25 and and CCONJ crl-14901 142 26 those those PRON crl-14901 142 27 who who PRON crl-14901 142 28 were be AUX crl-14901 142 29 not not PART crl-14901 142 30 registered register VERB crl-14901 142 31 members member NOUN crl-14901 142 32 but but CCONJ crl-14901 142 33 were be AUX crl-14901 142 34 covered cover VERB crl-14901 142 35 by by ADP crl-14901 142 36 their their PRON crl-14901 142 37 library library NOUN crl-14901 142 38 's 's PART crl-14901 142 39 collective collective ADJ crl-14901 142 40 bargaining bargaining NOUN crl-14901 142 41 agreement agreement NOUN crl-14901 142 42 . . PUNCT crl-14901 143 1 table table NOUN crl-14901 143 2 3 3 NUM crl-14901 143 3 presents present VERB crl-14901 143 4 the the DET crl-14901 143 5 results result NOUN crl-14901 143 6 of of ADP crl-14901 143 7 the the DET crl-14901 143 8 regression regression NOUN crl-14901 143 9 analysis analysis NOUN crl-14901 143 10 . . PUNCT crl-14901 144 1 union union NOUN crl-14901 144 2 membership membership NOUN crl-14901 144 3 , , PUNCT crl-14901 144 4 after after ADP crl-14901 144 5 controlling control VERB crl-14901 144 6 for for ADP crl-14901 144 7 demographic demographic ADJ crl-14901 144 8 characteristics characteristic NOUN crl-14901 144 9 , , PUNCT crl-14901 144 10 had have VERB crl-14901 144 11 no no DET crl-14901 144 12 significant significant ADJ crl-14901 144 13 relationship relationship NOUN crl-14901 144 14 with with ADP crl-14901 144 15 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14901 144 16 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 144 17 . . PUNCT crl-14901 145 1 salary salary NOUN crl-14901 145 2 , , PUNCT crl-14901 145 3 once once ADV crl-14901 145 4 again again ADV crl-14901 145 5 , , PUNCT crl-14901 145 6 proved prove VERB crl-14901 145 7 to to PART crl-14901 145 8 have have VERB crl-14901 145 9 a a DET crl-14901 145 10 positive positive ADJ crl-14901 145 11 relationship relationship NOUN crl-14901 145 12 with with ADP crl-14901 145 13 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 145 14 to to ADP crl-14901 145 15 the the DET crl-14901 145 16 library library NOUN crl-14901 145 17 . . PUNCT crl-14901 146 1 as as ADP crl-14901 146 2 a a DET crl-14901 146 3 matter matter NOUN crl-14901 146 4 of of ADP crl-14901 146 5 fact fact NOUN crl-14901 146 6 , , PUNCT crl-14901 146 7 11.6 11.6 NUM crl-14901 146 8 percent percent NOUN crl-14901 146 9 of of ADP crl-14901 146 10 the the DET crl-14901 146 11 variance variance NOUN crl-14901 146 12 of of ADP crl-14901 146 13 library library NOUN crl-14901 146 14 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 146 15 among among ADP crl-14901 146 16 the the DET crl-14901 146 17 respondents respondent NOUN crl-14901 146 18 in in ADP crl-14901 146 19 unionized unionized ADJ crl-14901 146 20 institutions institution NOUN crl-14901 146 21 was be AUX crl-14901 146 22 explained explain VERB crl-14901 146 23 primarily primarily ADV crl-14901 146 24 by by ADP crl-14901 146 25 the the DET crl-14901 146 26 salary salary NOUN crl-14901 146 27 variable variable ADJ crl-14901 146 28 . . PUNCT crl-14901 147 1 those those DET crl-14901 147 2 participants participant NOUN crl-14901 147 3 with with ADP crl-14901 147 4 high high ADJ crl-14901 147 5 salaries salary NOUN crl-14901 147 6 tended tend VERB crl-14901 147 7 to to PART crl-14901 147 8 report report VERB crl-14901 147 9 stronger strong ADJ crl-14901 147 10 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 147 11 to to ADP crl-14901 147 12 their their PRON crl-14901 147 13 library library NOUN crl-14901 147 14 regardless regardless ADV crl-14901 147 15 of of ADP crl-14901 147 16 whether whether SCONJ crl-14901 147 17 they they PRON crl-14901 147 18 were be AUX crl-14901 147 19 registered register VERB crl-14901 147 20 or or CCONJ crl-14901 147 21 nonregistered nonregistere VERB crl-14901 147 22 union union NOUN crl-14901 147 23 members member NOUN crl-14901 147 24 . . PUNCT crl-14901 148 1 304 304 NUM crl-14901 148 2 college college PROPN crl-14901 148 3 & & CCONJ crl-14901 148 4 research research PROPN crl-14901 148 5 libraries library NOUN crl-14901 148 6 july july PROPN crl-14901 148 7 1994 1994 NUM crl-14901 148 8 table3 table3 PROPN crl-14901 148 9 regression regression NOUN crl-14901 148 10 results result NOUN crl-14901 148 11 predicting predict VERB crl-14901 148 12 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 148 13 to to ADP crl-14901 148 14 the the DET crl-14901 148 15 library library NOUN crl-14901 148 16 by by ADP crl-14901 148 17 type type NOUN crl-14901 148 18 of of ADP crl-14901 148 19 union union NOUN crl-14901 148 20 membership membership NOUN crl-14901 148 21 ( ( PUNCT crl-14901 148 22 registered register VERB crl-14901 148 23 versus versus ADP crl-14901 148 24 nonregistered nonregistere VERB crl-14901 148 25 members member NOUN crl-14901 148 26 ) ) PUNCT crl-14901 148 27 with with ADP crl-14901 148 28 demographics demographic NOUN crl-14901 148 29 as as ADP crl-14901 148 30 control control NOUN crl-14901 148 31 variables variable NOUN crl-14901 148 32 coefficient coefficient VERB crl-14901 148 33 t t NOUN crl-14901 148 34 sign sign NOUN crl-14901 148 35 t t NOUN crl-14901 148 36 union union NOUN crl-14901 148 37 membership membership NOUN crl-14901 148 38 1.582 1.582 NUM crl-14901 148 39 0.794 0.794 NUM crl-14901 148 40 0.429 0.429 NUM crl-14901 148 41 gender gender NOUN crl-14901 148 42 3.664 3.664 NUM crl-14901 148 43 1.903 1.903 NUM crl-14901 148 44 0.059 0.059 NUM crl-14901 148 45 age age NOUN crl-14901 148 46 1.090 1.090 NUM crl-14901 148 47 0.824 0.824 NUM crl-14901 148 48 0.411 0.411 NUM crl-14901 148 49 years year NOUN crl-14901 148 50 of of ADP crl-14901 148 51 library library NOUN crl-14901 148 52 experience experience NOUN crl-14901 148 53 -1.482 -1.482 NOUN crl-14901 148 54 -1.838 -1.838 VERB crl-14901 148 55 0.068 0.068 NUM crl-14901 148 56 part part NOUN crl-14901 148 57 - - PUNCT crl-14901 148 58 time time NOUN crl-14901 148 59 ( ( PUNCT crl-14901 148 60 versus versus ADP crl-14901 148 61 full full ADJ crl-14901 148 62 - - PUNCT crl-14901 148 63 time time NOUN crl-14901 148 64 ) ) PUNCT crl-14901 149 1 6.387 6.387 NUM crl-14901 149 2 1.524 1.524 NUM crl-14901 149 3 0.130 0.130 NUM crl-14901 149 4 salary salary NOUN crl-14901 149 5 2.538 2.538 NUM crl-14901 149 6 3.693 3.693 NUM crl-14901 149 7 o.ooq o.ooq PROPN crl-14901 149 8 > > PROPN crl-14901 149 9 t•• t•• PROPN crl-14901 149 10 constant constant ADJ crl-14901 149 11 32.511 32.511 NUM crl-14901 149 12 note note NOUN crl-14901 149 13 : : PUNCT crl-14901 149 14 the the DET crl-14901 149 15 whole whole ADJ crl-14901 149 16 regression regression NOUN crl-14901 149 17 model model NOUN crl-14901 149 18 had have VERB crl-14901 149 19 an an DET crl-14901 149 20 r2 r2 PROPN crl-14901 149 21 = = SYM crl-14901 149 22 0.116 0.116 NUM crl-14901 149 23 , , PUNCT crl-14901 149 24 with with ADP crl-14901 149 25 f f PROPN crl-14901 149 26 = = SYM crl-14901 149 27 3.205 3.205 NUM crl-14901 149 28 , , PUNCT crl-14901 149 29 p p NOUN crl-14901 149 30 < < X crl-14901 149 31 .01 .01 NUM crl-14901 150 1 ( ( PUNCT crl-14901 150 2 df df NOUN crl-14901 150 3 = = NOUN crl-14901 150 4 6,146 6,146 NUM crl-14901 150 5 ) ) PUNCT crl-14901 150 6 . . PUNCT crl-14901 151 1 n n ADV crl-14901 151 2 = = PROPN crl-14901 151 3 155 155 NUM crl-14901 151 4 ; ; PUNCT crl-14901 151 5 ••• ••• PROPN crl-14901 151 6 p p NOUN crl-14901 151 7 < < X crl-14901 151 8 .001 .001 NUM crl-14901 151 9 table4 table4 NOUN crl-14901 151 10 regression regression NOUN crl-14901 151 11 results result NOUN crl-14901 151 12 predicting predict VERB crl-14901 151 13 the the DET crl-14901 151 14 relation relation NOUN crl-14901 151 15 of of ADP crl-14901 151 16 library library NOUN crl-14901 151 17 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 151 18 to to ADP crl-14901 151 19 union union NOUN crl-14901 151 20 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 151 21 with with ADP crl-14901 151 22 demographics demographic NOUN crl-14901 151 23 as as ADP crl-14901 151 24 control control NOUN crl-14901 151 25 variables variable NOUN crl-14901 151 26 independent independent PROPN crl-14901 151 27 variable variable ADJ crl-14901 151 28 coefficient coefficient NOUN crl-14901 151 29 t t PROPN crl-14901 151 30 signt signt PROPN crl-14901 151 31 union union PROPN crl-14901 151 32 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 151 33 0.232 0.232 NUM crl-14901 151 34 2.482 2.482 NUM crl-14901 151 35 1.971 1.971 NUM crl-14901 151 36 0.014 0.014 NUM crl-14901 151 37 .. .. PUNCT crl-14901 151 38 0.051 0.051 NUM crl-14901 151 39 0.661 0.661 NUM crl-14901 151 40 0.110 0.110 NUM crl-14901 151 41 0.075 0.075 NUM crl-14901 151 42 0.()()()'1 0.()()()'1 NUM crl-14901 151 43 ' ' PUNCT crl-14901 151 44 .... .... PUNCT crl-14901 151 45 gender gender NOUN crl-14901 151 46 3.718 3.718 NUM crl-14901 151 47 age age NOUN crl-14901 151 48 0.579 0.579 NUM crl-14901 151 49 0.440 0.440 NUM crl-14901 151 50 years year NOUN crl-14901 151 51 of of ADP crl-14901 151 52 library library NOUN crl-14901 151 53 experience experience NOUN crl-14901 151 54 -1.279 -1.279 PUNCT crl-14901 151 55 -1.608 -1.608 PUNCT crl-14901 151 56 part part NOUN crl-14901 151 57 - - PUNCT crl-14901 151 58 time time NOUN crl-14901 151 59 ( ( PUNCT crl-14901 151 60 versus versus ADP crl-14901 151 61 full full ADJ crl-14901 151 62 - - PUNCT crl-14901 151 63 time time NOUN crl-14901 151 64 ) ) PUNCT crl-14901 151 65 7.317 7.317 NUM crl-14901 151 66 1.791 1.791 NUM crl-14901 151 67 salary salary NOUN crl-14901 151 68 2.622 2.622 NUM crl-14901 151 69 3.931 3.931 NUM crl-14901 151 70 constant constant ADJ crl-14901 151 71 26.186 26.186 NUM crl-14901 151 72 note note NOUN crl-14901 151 73 : : PUNCT crl-14901 151 74 the the DET crl-14901 151 75 whole whole ADJ crl-14901 151 76 regression regression NOUN crl-14901 151 77 model model NOUN crl-14901 151 78 had have VERB crl-14901 151 79 an an DET crl-14901 151 80 r2 r2 PROPN crl-14901 151 81 = = X crl-14901 151 82 0.148 0.148 NUM crl-14901 151 83 , , PUNCT crl-14901 151 84 with with ADP crl-14901 151 85 f f PROPN crl-14901 151 86 = = PUNCT crl-14901 151 87 4.244 4.244 NUM crl-14901 151 88 , , PUNCT crl-14901 151 89 p p NOUN crl-14901 151 90 < < X crl-14901 152 1 .01 .01 NUM crl-14901 153 1 < < SYM crl-14901 153 2 df df X crl-14901 153 3 = = NOUN crl-14901 153 4 6.146 6.146 NUM crl-14901 153 5 ) ) PUNCT crl-14901 153 6 . . PUNCT crl-14901 154 1 n n X crl-14901 154 2 = = NOUN crl-14901 154 3 155 155 NUM crl-14901 154 4 ; ; PUNCT crl-14901 154 5 • • VERB crl-14901 154 6 p p NOUN crl-14901 154 7 < < X crl-14901 154 8 .05 .05 NUM crl-14901 154 9 ; ; PUNCT crl-14901 154 10 ••• ••• ADJ crl-14901 155 1 p p NOUN crl-14901 155 2 < < X crl-14901 155 3 .001 .001 NUM crl-14901 155 4 the the DET crl-14901 155 5 relationship relationship NOUN crl-14901 155 6 of of ADP crl-14901 155 7 union union NOUN crl-14901 155 8 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 155 9 to to ADP crl-14901 155 10 library library NOUN crl-14901 155 11 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 155 12 was be AUX crl-14901 155 13 also also ADV crl-14901 155 14 explored explore VERB crl-14901 155 15 in in ADP crl-14901 155 16 this this DET crl-14901 155 17 study study NOUN crl-14901 155 18 . . PUNCT crl-14901 156 1 among among ADP crl-14901 156 2 unionized unionized ADJ crl-14901 156 3 employees employee NOUN crl-14901 156 4 , , PUNCT crl-14901 156 5 the the DET crl-14901 156 6 overall overall ADJ crl-14901 156 7 mean mean NOUN crl-14901 156 8 of of ADP crl-14901 156 9 union union NOUN crl-14901 156 10 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 156 11 was be AUX crl-14901 156 12 equal equal ADJ crl-14901 156 13 to to ADP crl-14901 156 14 2858 2858 NUM crl-14901 156 15 ( ( PUNCT crl-14901 156 16 3.315 3.315 NUM crl-14901 156 17 for for ADP crl-14901 156 18 registered register VERB crl-14901 156 19 members member NOUN crl-14901 156 20 and and CCONJ crl-14901 156 21 2402 2402 NUM crl-14901 156 22 for for ADP crl-14901 156 23 nonregistered nonregistere VERB crl-14901 156 24 members member NOUN crl-14901 156 25 ) ) PUNCT crl-14901 156 26 . . PUNCT crl-14901 157 1 at at ADP crl-14901 157 2 - - PUNCT crl-14901 157 3 test test NOUN crl-14901 157 4 indicated indicate VERB crl-14901 157 5 that that SCONJ crl-14901 157 6 there there PRON crl-14901 157 7 was be VERB crl-14901 157 8 a a DET crl-14901 157 9 significant significant ADJ crl-14901 157 10 difference difference NOUN crl-14901 157 11 between between ADP crl-14901 157 12 the the DET crl-14901 157 13 respondents respondent NOUN crl-14901 157 14 ' ' PART crl-14901 157 15 union union NOUN crl-14901 157 16 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 157 17 and and CCONJ crl-14901 157 18 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14901 157 19 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 157 20 ( ( PUNCT crl-14901 157 21 t t NOUN crl-14901 157 22 = = SYM crl-14901 157 23 12227 12227 NUM crl-14901 157 24 , , PUNCT crl-14901 157 25 df df PROPN crl-14901 157 26 = = PROPN crl-14901 157 27 154 154 NUM crl-14901 157 28 , , PUNCT crl-14901 157 29 p p NOUN crl-14901 157 30 < < X crl-14901 157 31 .001 .001 NUM crl-14901 157 32 ) ) PUNCT crl-14901 157 33 . . PUNCT crl-14901 158 1 feelings feeling NOUN crl-14901 158 2 of of ADP crl-14901 158 3 loyalty loyalty NOUN crl-14901 158 4 to to ADP crl-14901 158 5 the the DET crl-14901 158 6 union union NOUN crl-14901 158 7 tended tend VERB crl-14901 158 8 to to PART crl-14901 158 9 be be AUX crl-14901 158 10 lower low ADJ crl-14901 158 11 than than ADP crl-14901 158 12 feelings feeling NOUN crl-14901 158 13 of of ADP crl-14901 158 14 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 158 15 to to ADP crl-14901 158 16 the the DET crl-14901 158 17 library library NOUN crl-14901 158 18 . . PUNCT crl-14901 159 1 the the DET crl-14901 159 2 present present ADJ crl-14901 159 3 research research NOUN crl-14901 159 4 investigated investigate VERB crl-14901 159 5 the the DET crl-14901 159 6 possibility possibility NOUN crl-14901 159 7 of of ADP crl-14901 159 8 a a DET crl-14901 159 9 relationship relationship NOUN crl-14901 159 10 between between ADP crl-14901 159 11 union union NOUN crl-14901 159 12 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 159 13 and and CCONJ crl-14901 159 14 library library NOUN crl-14901 159 15 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 159 16 . . PUNCT crl-14901 160 1 it it PRON crl-14901 160 2 was be AUX crl-14901 160 3 presumed presume VERB crl-14901 160 4 that that SCONJ crl-14901 160 5 the the DET crl-14901 160 6 responses response NOUN crl-14901 160 7 of of ADP crl-14901 160 8 those those PRON crl-14901 160 9 most most ADV crl-14901 160 10 committed committed ADJ crl-14901 160 11 to to ADP crl-14901 160 12 their their PRON crl-14901 160 13 union union NOUN crl-14901 160 14 would would AUX crl-14901 160 15 most most ADV crl-14901 160 16 clearly clearly ADV crl-14901 160 17 portray portray VERB crl-14901 160 18 the the DET crl-14901 160 19 effect effect NOUN crl-14901 160 20 of of ADP crl-14901 160 21 unionization unionization NOUN crl-14901 160 22 on on ADP crl-14901 160 23 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14901 160 24 loyalty loyalty NOUN crl-14901 160 25 . . PUNCT crl-14901 161 1 the the DET crl-14901 161 2 results result NOUN crl-14901 161 3 of of ADP crl-14901 161 4 the the DET crl-14901 161 5 regression regression NOUN crl-14901 161 6 analysis analysis NOUN crl-14901 161 7 for for ADP crl-14901 161 8 the the DET crl-14901 161 9 test test NOUN crl-14901 161 10 of of ADP crl-14901 161 11 the the DET crl-14901 161 12 third third ADJ crl-14901 161 13 hypothesis hypothesis NOUN crl-14901 161 14 are be AUX crl-14901 161 15 presented present VERB crl-14901 161 16 in in ADP crl-14901 161 17 table table NOUN crl-14901 161 18 4 4 NUM crl-14901 161 19 . . PUNCT crl-14901 162 1 the the DET crl-14901 162 2 relationship relationship NOUN crl-14901 162 3 between between ADP crl-14901 162 4 union union NOUN crl-14901 162 5 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 162 6 and and CCONJ crl-14901 162 7 library library NOUN crl-14901 162 8 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 162 9 was be AUX crl-14901 162 10 found find VERB crl-14901 162 11 to to PART crl-14901 162 12 be be AUX crl-14901 162 13 statistically statistically ADV crl-14901 162 14 significant significant ADJ crl-14901 162 15 . . PUNCT crl-14901 163 1 specifically specifically ADV crl-14901 163 2 , , PUNCT crl-14901 163 3 the the DET crl-14901 163 4 two two NUM crl-14901 163 5 variables variable NOUN crl-14901 163 6 of of ADP crl-14901 163 7 union union NOUN crl-14901 163 8 and and CCONJ crl-14901 163 9 . . PUNCT crl-14901 164 1 library library NOUN crl-14901 164 2 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 164 3 had have VERB crl-14901 164 4 a a DET crl-14901 164 5 significant significant ADJ crl-14901 164 6 positive positive ADJ crl-14901 164 7 relationship relationship NOUN crl-14901 164 8 . . PUNCT crl-14901 165 1 those those DET crl-14901 165 2 professionals professional NOUN crl-14901 165 3 most most ADV crl-14901 165 4 committed commit VERB crl-14901 165 5 to to ADP crl-14901 165 6 their their PRON crl-14901 165 7 union union NOUN crl-14901 165 8 tended tend VERB crl-14901 165 9 to to PART crl-14901 165 10 report report VERB crl-14901 165 11 a a DET crl-14901 165 12 higher high ADJ crl-14901 165 13 level level NOUN crl-14901 165 14 of of ADP crl-14901 165 15 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 165 16 to to ADP crl-14901 165 17 their their PRON crl-14901 165 18 library library NOUN crl-14901 165 19 employer employer NOUN crl-14901 165 20 . . PUNCT crl-14901 166 1 as as ADP crl-14901 166 2 in in ADP crl-14901 166 3 the the DET crl-14901 166 4 previous previous ADJ crl-14901 166 5 hypothesis hypothesis NOUN crl-14901 166 6 testing testing NOUN crl-14901 166 7 , , PUNCT crl-14901 166 8 salary salary NOUN crl-14901 166 9 came come VERB crl-14901 166 10 out out ADP crl-14901 166 11 as as ADP crl-14901 166 12 another another DET crl-14901 166 13 statistically statistically ADV crl-14901 166 14 significant significant ADJ crl-14901 166 15 variable variable ADJ crl-14901 166 16 , , PUNCT crl-14901 166 17 positively positively ADV crl-14901 166 18 related relate VERB crl-14901 166 19 to to ADP crl-14901 166 20 library library NOUN crl-14901 166 21 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 166 22 . . PUNCT crl-14901 167 1 union union NOUN crl-14901 167 2 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 167 3 and and CCONJ crl-14901 167 4 salary salary NOUN crl-14901 167 5 were be AUX crl-14901 167 6 the the DET crl-14901 167 7 main main ADJ crl-14901 167 8 variables variable NOUN crl-14901 167 9 that that PRON crl-14901 167 10 explained explain VERB crl-14901 167 11 14.8 14.8 NUM crl-14901 167 12 percent percent NOUN crl-14901 167 13 of of ADP crl-14901 167 14 the the DET crl-14901 167 15 variance variance NOUN crl-14901 167 16 of of ADP crl-14901 167 17 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14901 167 18 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 167 19 . . PUNCT crl-14901 168 1 discussion discussion NOUN crl-14901 168 2 this this DET crl-14901 168 3 study study NOUN crl-14901 168 4 explored explore VERB crl-14901 168 5 the the DET crl-14901 168 6 degree degree NOUN crl-14901 168 7 of of ADP crl-14901 168 8 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 168 9 unionized unionize VERB crl-14901 168 10 professional professional ADJ crl-14901 168 11 library library NOUN crl-14901 168 12 employees employee NOUN crl-14901 168 13 have have VERB crl-14901 168 14 toward toward ADP crl-14901 168 15 their their PRON crl-14901 168 16 library library NOUN crl-14901 168 17 employer employer NOUN crl-14901 168 18 . . PUNCT crl-14901 169 1 according accord VERB crl-14901 169 2 to to ADP crl-14901 169 3 simmel simmel PROPN crl-14901 169 4 , , PUNCT crl-14901 169 5 the the DET crl-14901 169 6 presence presence NOUN crl-14901 169 7 of of ADP crl-14901 169 8 conflict conflict NOUN crl-14901 169 9 between between ADP crl-14901 169 10 two two NUM crl-14901 169 11 groups group NOUN crl-14901 169 12 may may AUX crl-14901 169 13 not not PART crl-14901 169 14 always always ADV crl-14901 169 15 imply imply VERB crl-14901 169 16 that that SCONJ crl-14901 169 17 their their PRON crl-14901 169 18 relationship relationship NOUN crl-14901 169 19 is be AUX crl-14901 169 20 dysfunctional.28 dysfunctional.28 NOUN crl-14901 169 21 on on ADP crl-14901 169 22 the the DET crl-14901 169 23 contrary contrary NOUN crl-14901 169 24 , , PUNCT crl-14901 169 25 conflict conflict NOUN crl-14901 169 26 may may AUX crl-14901 169 27 resolve resolve VERB crl-14901 169 28 tensions tension NOUN crl-14901 169 29 and and CCONJ crl-14901 169 30 lead lead VERB crl-14901 169 31 to to ADP crl-14901 169 32 healthier healthy ADJ crl-14901 169 33 coexistence coexistence NOUN crl-14901 169 34 . . PUNCT crl-14901 170 1 despite despite SCONJ crl-14901 170 2 simmel simmel PROPN crl-14901 170 3 ' ' PART crl-14901 170 4 s s PART crl-14901 170 5 argument argument NOUN crl-14901 170 6 , , PUNCT crl-14901 170 7 however however ADV crl-14901 170 8 , , PUNCT crl-14901 170 9 the the DET crl-14901 170 10 presence presence NOUN crl-14901 170 11 of of ADP crl-14901 170 12 unions union NOUN crl-14901 170 13 often often ADV crl-14901 170 14 genera genera VERB crl-14901 170 15 ted ted ADJ crl-14901 170 16 concern concern NOUN crl-14901 170 17 about about ADP crl-14901 170 18 the the DET crl-14901 170 19 unionized unionized ADJ crl-14901 170 20 employees employee NOUN crl-14901 170 21 ' ' PART crl-14901 170 22 attitude attitude NOUN crl-14901 170 23 toward toward ADP crl-14901 170 24 their their PRON crl-14901 170 25 employing employ VERB crl-14901 170 26 organization organization NOUN crl-14901 170 27 . . PUNCT crl-14901 171 1 the the DET crl-14901 171 2 general general ADJ crl-14901 171 3 literature literature NOUN crl-14901 171 4 has have AUX crl-14901 171 5 often often ADV crl-14901 171 6 cited cite VERB crl-14901 171 7 opinions opinion NOUN crl-14901 171 8 that that PRON crl-14901 171 9 unions union NOUN crl-14901 171 10 hamper hamper VERB crl-14901 171 11 the the DET crl-14901 171 12 ability ability NOUN crl-14901 171 13 of of ADP crl-14901 171 14 employees employee NOUN crl-14901 171 15 to to PART crl-14901 171 16 identify identify VERB crl-14901 171 17 with with ADP crl-14901 171 18 the the DET crl-14901 171 19 goals goal NOUN crl-14901 171 20 and and CCONJ crl-14901 171 21 values value NOUN crl-14901 171 22 of of ADP crl-14901 171 23 the the DET crl-14901 171 24 employing employ VERB crl-14901 171 25 organization organization NOUN crl-14901 171 26 . . PUNCT crl-14901 172 1 this this DET crl-14901 172 2 study study NOUN crl-14901 172 3 found find VERB crl-14901 172 4 that that SCONJ crl-14901 172 5 union union NOUN crl-14901 172 6 presence presence NOUN crl-14901 172 7 had have VERB crl-14901 172 8 a a DET crl-14901 172 9 statistically statistically ADV crl-14901 172 10 significant significant ADJ crl-14901 172 11 negative negative ADJ crl-14901 172 12 relationship relationship NOUN crl-14901 172 13 to to ADP crl-14901 172 14 overall overall ADJ crl-14901 172 15 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14901 172 16 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 172 17 . . PUNCT crl-14901 173 1 professional professional ADJ crl-14901 173 2 library library NOUN crl-14901 173 3 em em PRON crl-14901 173 4 . . PUNCT crl-14901 174 1 ployees ployee NOUN crl-14901 174 2 in in ADP crl-14901 174 3 unionized unionized ADJ crl-14901 174 4 institutions institution NOUN crl-14901 174 5 tended tend VERB crl-14901 174 6 to to PART crl-14901 174 7 identify identify VERB crl-14901 174 8 less less ADJ crl-14901 174 9 with with ADP crl-14901 174 10 their their PRON crl-14901 174 11 library library NOUN crl-14901 174 12 employer employer NOUN crl-14901 174 13 than than ADP crl-14901 174 14 their their PRON crl-14901 174 15 professional professional ADJ crl-14901 174 16 colleagues colleague NOUN crl-14901 174 17 in in ADP crl-14901 174 18 nonunionized nonunionized ADJ crl-14901 174 19 institutions institution NOUN crl-14901 174 20 . . PUNCT crl-14901 175 1 it it PRON crl-14901 175 2 needs need VERB crl-14901 175 3 to to PART crl-14901 175 4 be be AUX crl-14901 175 5 acknowledged acknowledge VERB crl-14901 175 6 that that SCONJ crl-14901 175 7 despite despite SCONJ crl-14901 175 8 the the DET crl-14901 175 9 statistical statistical ADJ crl-14901 175 10 significance significance NOUN crl-14901 175 11 of of ADP crl-14901 175 12 these these DET crl-14901 175 13 results result NOUN crl-14901 175 14 , , PUNCT crl-14901 175 15 the the DET crl-14901 175 16 relationship relationship NOUN crl-14901 175 17 between between ADP crl-14901 175 18 union union NOUN crl-14901 175 19 presence presence NOUN crl-14901 175 20 and and CCONJ crl-14901 175 21 library library NOUN crl-14901 175 22 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 175 23 was be AUX crl-14901 175 24 not not PART crl-14901 175 25 very very ADV crl-14901 175 26 strong strong ADJ crl-14901 175 27 ( ( PUNCT crl-14901 175 28 r2 r2 NOUN crl-14901 175 29 = = SYM crl-14901 175 30 0.076 0.076 NUM crl-14901 175 31 ) ) PUNCT crl-14901 175 32 . . PUNCT crl-14901 176 1 much much ADJ crl-14901 176 2 of of ADP crl-14901 176 3 the the DET crl-14901 176 4 variance variance NOUN crl-14901 176 5 of of ADP crl-14901 176 6 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14901 176 7 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 176 8 could could AUX crl-14901 176 9 not not PART crl-14901 176 10 be be AUX crl-14901 176 11 explained explain VERB crl-14901 176 12 by by ADP crl-14901 176 13 either either CCONJ crl-14901 176 14 the the DET crl-14901 176 15 presence presence NOUN crl-14901 176 16 of of ADP crl-14901 176 17 unions union NOUN crl-14901 176 18 or or CCONJ crl-14901 176 19 the the DET crl-14901 176 20 demographic demographic ADJ crl-14901 176 21 variables variable NOUN crl-14901 176 22 entered enter VERB crl-14901 176 23 in in ADP crl-14901 176 24 the the DET crl-14901 176 25 equation equation NOUN crl-14901 176 26 . . PUNCT crl-14901 177 1 previous previous ADJ crl-14901 177 2 research research NOUN crl-14901 177 3 has have AUX crl-14901 177 4 implied imply VERB crl-14901 177 5 that that SCONJ crl-14901 177 6 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 177 7 to to ADP crl-14901 177 8 the the DET crl-14901 177 9 employing employ VERB crl-14901 177 10 organization organization NOUN crl-14901 177 11 may may AUX crl-14901 177 12 be be AUX crl-14901 177 13 related relate VERB crl-14901 177 14 to to ADP crl-14901 177 15 union union NOUN crl-14901 177 16 membership membership NOUN crl-14901 177 17 status status NOUN crl-14901 177 18 and and CCONJ crl-14901 177 19 union union NOUN crl-14901 177 20 commitment.29 commitment.29 VERB crl-14901 177 21 the the DET crl-14901 177 22 same same ADJ crl-14901 177 23 research research NOUN crl-14901 177 24 as as ADV crl-14901 177 25 well well ADV crl-14901 177 26 as as ADP crl-14901 177 27 theoretical theoretical ADJ crl-14901 177 28 reasoning reasoning NOUN crl-14901 177 29 on on ADP crl-14901 177 30 the the DET crl-14901 177 31 concept concept NOUN crl-14901 177 32 of of ADP crl-14901 177 33 dual dual ADJ crl-14901 177 34 allegiance allegiance NOUN crl-14901 177 35 also also ADV crl-14901 177 36 suggested suggest VERB crl-14901 177 37 that that SCONJ crl-14901 177 38 unionized unionized ADJ crl-14901 177 39 workers worker NOUN crl-14901 177 40 may may AUX crl-14901 177 41 often often ADV crl-14901 177 42 feel feel VERB crl-14901 177 43 the the DET crl-14901 177 44 same same ADJ crl-14901 177 45 degree degree NOUN crl-14901 177 46 of of ADP crl-14901 177 47 loyalty loyalty NOUN crl-14901 177 48 to to ADP crl-14901 177 49 both both CCONJ crl-14901 177 50 their their PRON crl-14901 177 51 union union NOUN crl-14901 177 52 and and CCONJ crl-14901 177 53 their their PRON crl-14901 177 54 employer employer NOUN crl-14901 177 55 . . PUNCT crl-14901 178 1 the the DET crl-14901 178 2 present present ADJ crl-14901 178 3 study study NOUN crl-14901 178 4 found find VERB crl-14901 178 5 no no DET crl-14901 178 6 significant significant ADJ crl-14901 178 7 relationship relationship NOUN crl-14901 178 8 between between ADP crl-14901 178 9 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14901 178 10 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 178 11 and and CCONJ crl-14901 178 12 union union NOUN crl-14901 178 13 membership membership NOUN crl-14901 178 14 status status NOUN crl-14901 178 15 . . PUNCT crl-14901 179 1 however however ADV crl-14901 179 2 , , PUNCT crl-14901 179 3 when when SCONJ crl-14901 179 4 the the DET crl-14901 179 5 relationship relationship NOUN crl-14901 179 6 between between ADP crl-14901 179 7 union union NOUN crl-14901 179 8 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 179 9 and and CCONJ crl-14901 179 10 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14901 179 11 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 179 12 was be AUX crl-14901 179 13 tested test VERB crl-14901 179 14 , , PUNCT crl-14901 179 15 union union NOUN crl-14901 179 16 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 179 17 in in ADP crl-14901 179 18 combination combination NOUN crl-14901 179 19 with with ADP crl-14901 179 20 salary salary NOUN crl-14901 179 21 was be AUX crl-14901 179 22 statistically statistically ADV crl-14901 179 23 significant significant ADJ crl-14901 179 24 and and CCONJ crl-14901 179 25 positively positively ADV crl-14901 179 26 related relate VERB crl-14901 179 27 to to ADP crl-14901 179 28 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14901 179 29 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 179 30 among among ADP crl-14901 179 31 library library NOUN crl-14901 179 32 professionals professional NOUN crl-14901 179 33 . . PUNCT crl-14901 180 1 this this DET crl-14901 180 2 finding finding NOUN crl-14901 180 3 agreed agree VERB crl-14901 180 4 with with ADP crl-14901 180 5 previous previous ADJ crl-14901 180 6 research research NOUN crl-14901 180 7 findings finding NOUN crl-14901 180 8 that that PRON crl-14901 180 9 unionized unionize VERB crl-14901 180 10 employees employee NOUN crl-14901 180 11 may may AUX crl-14901 180 12 feel feel VERB crl-14901 180 13 equally equally ADV crl-14901 180 14 strongly strongly ADV crl-14901 180 15 about about ADP crl-14901 180 16 their their PRON crl-14901 180 17 employing employing NOUN crl-14901 180 18 and and CCONJ crl-14901 180 19 bargaining bargaining NOUN crl-14901 180 20 organization organization NOUN crl-14901 180 21 ; ; PUNCT crl-14901 180 22 that that PRON crl-14901 180 23 is be AUX crl-14901 180 24 , , PUNCT crl-14901 180 25 that that SCONJ crl-14901 180 26 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14901 180 27 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 180 28 305 305 NUM crl-14901 180 29 employees employee NOUN crl-14901 180 30 who who PRON crl-14901 180 31 feel feel VERB crl-14901 180 32 very very ADV crl-14901 180 33 strongly strongly ADV crl-14901 180 34 about about ADP crl-14901 180 35 their their PRON crl-14901 180 36 union union NOUN crl-14901 180 37 may may AUX crl-14901 180 38 also also ADV crl-14901 180 39 feel feel VERB crl-14901 180 40 very very ADV crl-14901 180 41 strongly strongly ADV crl-14901 180 42 about about ADP crl-14901 180 43 their their PRON crl-14901 180 44 employer employer NOUN crl-14901 180 45 . . PUNCT crl-14901 181 1 the the DET crl-14901 181 2 present present ADJ crl-14901 181 3 data datum NOUN crl-14901 181 4 analysis analysis NOUN crl-14901 181 5 also also ADV crl-14901 181 6 indicated indicate VERB crl-14901 181 7 that that SCONJ crl-14901 181 8 union union NOUN crl-14901 181 9 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 181 10 along along ADP crl-14901 181 11 with with ADP crl-14901 181 12 the the DET crl-14901 181 13 variable variable NOUN crl-14901 181 14 of of ADP crl-14901 181 15 salary salary NOUN crl-14901 181 16 primarily primarily ADV crl-14901 181 17 explained explain VERB crl-14901 181 18 14.8 14.8 NUM crl-14901 181 19 percent percent NOUN crl-14901 181 20 of of ADP crl-14901 181 21 the the DET crl-14901 181 22 variance variance NOUN crl-14901 181 23 in in ADP crl-14901 181 24 library library NOUN crl-14901 181 25 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 181 26 . . PUNCT crl-14901 182 1 such such ADJ crl-14901 182 2 results result NOUN crl-14901 182 3 support support VERB crl-14901 182 4 arguments argument NOUN crl-14901 182 5 about about ADP crl-14901 182 6 the the DET crl-14901 182 7 possibility possibility NOUN crl-14901 182 8 of of ADP crl-14901 182 9 dual dual ADJ crl-14901 182 10 allegiance allegiance NOUN crl-14901 182 11 by by ADP crl-14901 182 12 showing show VERB crl-14901 182 13 that that SCONJ crl-14901 182 14 union union NOUN crl-14901 182 15 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 182 16 is be AUX crl-14901 182 17 a a DET crl-14901 182 18 positive positive ADJ crl-14901 182 19 predictor predictor NOUN crl-14901 182 20 of of ADP crl-14901 182 21 professional professional ADJ crl-14901 182 22 librarians librarian NOUN crl-14901 182 23 ' ' PART crl-14901 182 24 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14901 182 25 loyalty loyalty NOUN crl-14901 182 26 . . PUNCT crl-14901 183 1 in in ADP crl-14901 183 2 other other ADJ crl-14901 183 3 words word NOUN crl-14901 183 4 , , PUNCT crl-14901 183 5 interest interest NOUN crl-14901 183 6 groups group NOUN crl-14901 183 7 such such ADJ crl-14901 183 8 as as ADP crl-14901 183 9 unions union NOUN crl-14901 183 10 do do AUX crl-14901 183 11 not not PART crl-14901 183 12 always always ADV crl-14901 183 13 destroy destroy VERB crl-14901 183 14 the the DET crl-14901 183 15 employees employee NOUN crl-14901 183 16 ' ' PART crl-14901 183 17 loyalty loyalty NOUN crl-14901 183 18 to to ADP crl-14901 183 19 their their PRON crl-14901 183 20 organization organization NOUN crl-14901 183 21 . . PUNCT crl-14901 184 1 by by ADP crl-14901 184 2 providing provide VERB crl-14901 184 3 an an DET crl-14901 184 4 outlet outlet NOUN crl-14901 184 5 to to PART crl-14901 184 6 deal deal VERB crl-14901 184 7 with with ADP crl-14901 184 8 work work NOUN crl-14901 184 9 problems problem NOUN crl-14901 184 10 , , PUNCT crl-14901 184 11 employee employee NOUN crl-14901 184 12 organization organization NOUN crl-14901 184 13 may may AUX crl-14901 184 14 strengthen strengthen VERB crl-14901 184 15 the the DET crl-14901 184 16 ties tie NOUN crl-14901 184 17 between between ADP crl-14901 184 18 employee employee NOUN crl-14901 184 19 - - PUNCT crl-14901 184 20 employer employer NOUN crl-14901 184 21 . . PUNCT crl-14901 185 1 the the DET crl-14901 185 2 consequences consequence NOUN crl-14901 185 3 of of ADP crl-14901 185 4 such such DET crl-14901 185 5 a a DET crl-14901 185 6 link link NOUN crl-14901 185 7 between between ADP crl-14901 185 8 these these DET crl-14901 185 9 two two NUM crl-14901 185 10 types type NOUN crl-14901 185 11 of of ADP crl-14901 185 12 loyalties loyalty NOUN crl-14901 185 13 can can AUX crl-14901 185 14 be be AUX crl-14901 185 15 very very ADV crl-14901 185 16 important important ADJ crl-14901 185 17 for for ADP crl-14901 185 18 the the DET crl-14901 185 19 way way NOUN crl-14901 185 20 both both DET crl-14901 185 21 employers employer NOUN crl-14901 185 22 and and CCONJ crl-14901 185 23 employees employee NOUN crl-14901 185 24 react react VERB crl-14901 185 25 to to ADP crl-14901 185 26 union union NOUN crl-14901 185 27 organizing organizing NOUN crl-14901 185 28 . . PUNCT crl-14901 186 1 still still ADV crl-14901 186 2 , , PUNCT crl-14901 186 3 union union NOUN crl-14901 186 4 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 186 5 among among ADP crl-14901 186 6 the the DET crl-14901 186 7 respondents respondent NOUN crl-14901 186 8 was be AUX crl-14901 186 9 not not PART crl-14901 186 10 very very ADV crl-14901 186 11 high high ADJ crl-14901 186 12 . . PUNCT crl-14901 187 1 the the DET crl-14901 187 2 survey survey NOUN crl-14901 187 3 participants participant NOUN crl-14901 187 4 had have VERB crl-14901 187 5 a a DET crl-14901 187 6 more more ADV crl-14901 187 7 favorable favorable ADJ crl-14901 187 8 attitude attitude NOUN crl-14901 187 9 towards towards ADP crl-14901 187 10 their their PRON crl-14901 187 11 library library NOUN crl-14901 187 12 employer employer NOUN crl-14901 187 13 rather rather ADV crl-14901 187 14 than than ADP crl-14901 187 15 the the DET crl-14901 187 16 unions union NOUN crl-14901 187 17 that that PRON crl-14901 187 18 represented represent VERB crl-14901 187 19 them they PRON crl-14901 187 20 . . PUNCT crl-14901 188 1 the the DET crl-14901 188 2 reason reason NOUN crl-14901 188 3 union union NOUN crl-14901 188 4 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 188 5 was be AUX crl-14901 188 6 not not PART crl-14901 188 7 very very ADV crl-14901 188 8 high high ADJ crl-14901 188 9 among among ADP crl-14901 188 10 union union NOUN crl-14901 188 11 participants participant NOUN crl-14901 188 12 could could AUX crl-14901 188 13 not not PART crl-14901 188 14 be be AUX crl-14901 188 15 explained explain VERB crl-14901 188 16 within within ADP crl-14901 188 17 the the DET crl-14901 188 18 scope scope NOUN crl-14901 188 19 of of ADP crl-14901 188 20 this this DET crl-14901 188 21 study study NOUN crl-14901 188 22 . . PUNCT crl-14901 189 1 a a DET crl-14901 189 2 few few ADJ crl-14901 189 3 respondents respondent NOUN crl-14901 189 4 commented comment VERB crl-14901 189 5 that that SCONJ crl-14901 189 6 the the DET crl-14901 189 7 unions union NOUN crl-14901 189 8 at at ADP crl-14901 189 9 their their PRON crl-14901 189 10 campuses campus NOUN crl-14901 189 11 were be AUX crl-14901 189 12 " " PUNCT crl-14901 189 13 aggressive aggressive ADJ crl-14901 189 14 , , PUNCT crl-14901 189 15 " " PUNCT crl-14901 189 16 " " PUNCT crl-14901 189 17 irrelevant irrelevant ADJ crl-14901 189 18 , , PUNCT crl-14901 189 19 " " PUNCT crl-14901 189 20 or or CCONJ crl-14901 189 21 " " PUNCT crl-14901 189 22 more more ADV crl-14901 189 23 concerned concerned ADJ crl-14901 189 24 with with ADP crl-14901 189 25 the the DET crl-14901 189 26 problems problem NOUN crl-14901 189 27 of of ADP crl-14901 189 28 teaching teach VERB crl-14901 189 29 faculty faculty NOUN crl-14901 189 30 . . PUNCT crl-14901 189 31 " " PUNCT crl-14901 190 1 there there PRON crl-14901 190 2 was be VERB crl-14901 190 3 also also ADV crl-14901 190 4 one one NUM crl-14901 190 5 respondent respondent NOUN crl-14901 190 6 who who PRON crl-14901 190 7 indicated indicate VERB crl-14901 190 8 , , PUNCT crl-14901 190 9 '' '' PUNCT crl-14901 190 10 most most ADJ crl-14901 190 11 employees employee NOUN crl-14901 190 12 stayed stay VERB crl-14901 190 13 away away ADV crl-14901 190 14 from from ADP crl-14901 190 15 the the DET crl-14901 190 16 union union NOUN crl-14901 190 17 because because SCONJ crl-14901 190 18 they they PRON crl-14901 190 19 feared fear VERB crl-14901 190 20 for for ADP crl-14901 190 21 their their PRON crl-14901 190 22 jobs job NOUN crl-14901 190 23 . . PUNCT crl-14901 190 24 " " PUNCT crl-14901 191 1 further further ADJ crl-14901 191 2 research research NOUN crl-14901 191 3 needs need VERB crl-14901 191 4 to to PART crl-14901 191 5 explore explore VERB crl-14901 191 6 the the DET crl-14901 191 7 variable variable NOUN crl-14901 191 8 of of ADP crl-14901 191 9 union union NOUN crl-14901 191 10 loyalty loyalty NOUN crl-14901 191 11 among among ADP crl-14901 191 12 libraries library NOUN crl-14901 191 13 and and CCONJ crl-14901 191 14 the the DET crl-14901 191 15 factors factor NOUN crl-14901 191 16 affecting affect VERB crl-14901 191 17 it it PRON crl-14901 191 18 . . PUNCT crl-14901 192 1 one one PRON crl-14901 192 2 could could AUX crl-14901 192 3 speculate speculate VERB crl-14901 192 4 that that SCONJ crl-14901 192 5 the the DET crl-14901 192 6 lack lack NOUN crl-14901 192 7 of of ADP crl-14901 192 8 very very ADV crl-14901 192 9 positive positive ADJ crl-14901 192 10 attitudes attitude NOUN crl-14901 192 11 toward toward ADP crl-14901 192 12 unions union NOUN crl-14901 192 13 might might AUX crl-14901 192 14 relate relate VERB crl-14901 192 15 to to ADP crl-14901 192 16 the the DET crl-14901 192 17 fact fact NOUN crl-14901 192 18 that that SCONJ crl-14901 192 19 although although SCONJ crl-14901 192 20 union union NOUN crl-14901 192 21 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 192 22 was be AUX crl-14901 192 23 found find VERB crl-14901 192 24 to to PART crl-14901 192 25 be be AUX crl-14901 192 26 positively positively ADV crl-14901 192 27 linked link VERB crl-14901 192 28 to to ADP crl-14901 192 29 library library NOUN crl-14901 192 30 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 192 31 , , PUNCT crl-14901 192 32 union union NOUN crl-14901 192 33 presence presence NOUN crl-14901 192 34 per per X crl-14901 192 35 se se PROPN crl-14901 192 36 was be AUX crl-14901 192 37 negatively negatively ADV crl-14901 192 38 related relate VERB crl-14901 192 39 to to ADP crl-14901 192 40 library library NOUN crl-14901 192 41 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 192 42 . . PUNCT crl-14901 193 1 such such ADJ crl-14901 193 2 findings finding NOUN crl-14901 193 3 suggest suggest VERB crl-14901 193 4 that that SCONJ crl-14901 193 5 among among ADP crl-14901 193 6 institutions institution NOUN crl-14901 193 7 with with ADP crl-14901 193 8 union union NOUN crl-14901 193 9 representation representation NOUN crl-14901 193 10 there there PRON crl-14901 193 11 might might AUX crl-14901 193 12 be be AUX crl-14901 193 13 factors factor NOUN crl-14901 193 14 other other ADJ crl-14901 193 15 than than ADP crl-14901 193 16 union union NOUN crl-14901 193 17 loyalty loyalty NOUN crl-14901 193 18 that that PRON crl-14901 193 19 negatively negatively ADV crl-14901 193 20 affect affect VERB crl-14901 193 21 employee employee NOUN crl-14901 193 22 feelings feeling NOUN crl-14901 193 23 toward toward ADP crl-14901 193 24 their their PRON crl-14901 193 25 organization organization NOUN crl-14901 193 26 . . PUNCT crl-14901 194 1 a a DET crl-14901 194 2 number number NOUN crl-14901 194 3 of of ADP crl-14901 194 4 comments comment NOUN crl-14901 194 5 received receive VERB crl-14901 194 6 by by ADP crl-14901 194 7 participants participant NOUN crl-14901 194 8 regarding regard VERB crl-14901 194 9 their their PRON crl-14901 194 10 work work NOUN crl-14901 194 11 experience experience NOUN crl-14901 194 12 provided provide VERB crl-14901 194 13 306 306 NUM crl-14901 194 14 college college NOUN crl-14901 194 15 & & CCONJ crl-14901 194 16 research research PROPN crl-14901 194 17 libraries librarie VERB crl-14901 194 18 grounds ground NOUN crl-14901 194 19 for for ADP crl-14901 194 20 further further ADJ crl-14901 194 21 speculation speculation NOUN crl-14901 194 22 as as ADP crl-14901 194 23 to to ADP crl-14901 194 24 possible possible ADJ crl-14901 194 25 sources source NOUN crl-14901 194 26 of of ADP crl-14901 194 27 discontent discontent NOUN crl-14901 194 28 . . PUNCT crl-14901 195 1 specifically specifically ADV crl-14901 195 2 , , PUNCT crl-14901 195 3 it it PRON crl-14901 195 4 was be AUX crl-14901 195 5 the the DET crl-14901 195 6 researcher researcher NOUN crl-14901 195 7 's 's PART crl-14901 195 8 observation observation NOUN crl-14901 195 9 that that SCONJ crl-14901 195 10 the the DET crl-14901 195 11 great great ADJ crl-14901 195 12 majority majority NOUN crl-14901 195 13 of of ADP crl-14901 195 14 remarks remark NOUN crl-14901 195 15 received receive VERB crl-14901 195 16 by by ADP crl-14901 195 17 respondents respondent NOUN crl-14901 195 18 in in ADP crl-14901 195 19 unionized unionized ADJ crl-14901 195 20 institutions institution NOUN crl-14901 195 21 ( ( PUNCT crl-14901 195 22 a a DET crl-14901 195 23 total total NOUN crl-14901 195 24 of of ADP crl-14901 195 25 sixtyfive sixtyfive ADJ crl-14901 195 26 comments comment NOUN crl-14901 195 27 ) ) PUNCT crl-14901 195 28 addressed address VERB crl-14901 195 29 serious serious ADJ crl-14901 195 30 problems problem NOUN crl-14901 195 31 with with ADP crl-14901 195 32 administration administration NOUN crl-14901 195 33 , , PUNCT crl-14901 195 34 both both DET crl-14901 195 35 library library NOUN crl-14901 195 36 and and CCONJ crl-14901 195 37 university university PROPN crl-14901 195 38 . . PUNCT crl-14901 196 1 complaints complaint NOUN crl-14901 196 2 were be AUX crl-14901 196 3 particularly particularly ADV crl-14901 196 4 strong strong ADJ crl-14901 196 5 , , PUNCT crl-14901 196 6 especially especially ADV crl-14901 196 7 from from ADP crl-14901 196 8 within within ADP crl-14901 196 9 certain certain ADJ crl-14901 196 10 institutions institution NOUN crl-14901 196 11 . . PUNCT crl-14901 197 1 some some DET crl-14901 197 2 characteristics characteristic NOUN crl-14901 197 3 attributed attribute VERB crl-14901 197 4 to to ADP crl-14901 197 5 library library PROPN crl-14901 197 6 administration administration PROPN crl-14901 197 7 included include VERB crl-14901 197 8 indifference indifference NOUN crl-14901 197 9 to to ADP crl-14901 197 10 students student NOUN crl-14901 197 11 , , PUNCT crl-14901 197 12 faculty faculty NOUN crl-14901 197 13 , , PUNCT crl-14901 197 14 or or CCONJ crl-14901 197 15 staff staff NOUN crl-14901 197 16 ; ; PUNCT crl-14901 197 17 " " PUNCT crl-14901 197 18 mendacious mendacious ADJ crl-14901 197 19 and and CCONJ crl-14901 197 20 myopic myopic ADJ crl-14901 197 21 " " PUNCT crl-14901 197 22 behavior behavior NOUN crl-14901 197 23 ; ; PUNCT crl-14901 197 24 lack lack NOUN crl-14901 197 25 of of ADP crl-14901 197 26 respect respect NOUN crl-14901 197 27 and and CCONJ crl-14901 197 28 recognition recognition NOUN crl-14901 197 29 for for ADP crl-14901 197 30 the the DET crl-14901 197 31 employees employee NOUN crl-14901 197 32 ; ; PUNCT crl-14901 197 33 lack lack NOUN crl-14901 197 34 of of ADP crl-14901 197 35 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 197 36 to to ADP crl-14901 197 37 public public ADJ crl-14901 197 38 service service NOUN crl-14901 197 39 ; ; PUNCT crl-14901 197 40 lack lack NOUN crl-14901 197 41 of of ADP crl-14901 197 42 understanding understanding NOUN crl-14901 197 43 of of ADP crl-14901 197 44 the the DET crl-14901 197 45 real real ADJ crl-14901 197 46 problems problem NOUN crl-14901 197 47 ; ; PUNCT crl-14901 197 48 and and CCONJ crl-14901 197 49 lack lack NOUN crl-14901 197 50 of of ADP crl-14901 197 51 clear clear ADJ crl-14901 197 52 goals goal NOUN crl-14901 197 53 or or CCONJ crl-14901 197 54 mission mission NOUN crl-14901 197 55 for for ADP crl-14901 197 56 the the DET crl-14901 197 57 library library NOUN crl-14901 197 58 . . PUNCT crl-14901 198 1 arbitrary arbitrary ADJ crl-14901 198 2 and and CCONJ crl-14901 198 3 authoritarian authoritarian ADJ crl-14901 198 4 decision decision NOUN crl-14901 198 5 making making NOUN crl-14901 198 6 , , PUNCT crl-14901 198 7 according accord VERB crl-14901 198 8 to to ADP crl-14901 198 9 a a DET crl-14901 198 10 majority majority NOUN crl-14901 198 11 of of ADP crl-14901 198 12 respondents respondent NOUN crl-14901 198 13 , , PUNCT crl-14901 198 14 seemed seem VERB crl-14901 198 15 to to PART crl-14901 198 16 be be AUX crl-14901 198 17 one one NUM crl-14901 198 18 of of ADP crl-14901 198 19 the the DET crl-14901 198 20 major major ADJ crl-14901 198 21 problems problem NOUN crl-14901 198 22 at at ADP crl-14901 198 23 their their PRON crl-14901 198 24 institutions institution NOUN crl-14901 198 25 . . PUNCT crl-14901 199 1 a a DET crl-14901 199 2 number number NOUN crl-14901 199 3 of of ADP crl-14901 199 4 these these DET crl-14901 199 5 participants participant NOUN crl-14901 199 6 also also ADV crl-14901 199 7 expressed express VERB crl-14901 199 8 frustration frustration NOUN crl-14901 199 9 at at ADP crl-14901 199 10 the the DET crl-14901 199 11 appointment appointment NOUN crl-14901 199 12 of of ADP crl-14901 199 13 businessminded businessminde VERB crl-14901 199 14 library library NOUN crl-14901 199 15 directors director NOUN crl-14901 199 16 who who PRON crl-14901 199 17 lacked lack VERB crl-14901 199 18 an an DET crl-14901 199 19 understanding understanding NOUN crl-14901 199 20 of of ADP crl-14901 199 21 libraries library NOUN crl-14901 199 22 . . PUNCT crl-14901 200 1 finally finally ADV crl-14901 200 2 , , PUNCT crl-14901 200 3 " " PUNCT crl-14901 200 4 stifling stifle VERB crl-14901 200 5 bureaucracy bureaucracy NOUN crl-14901 200 6 " " PUNCT crl-14901 200 7 both both CCONJ crl-14901 200 8 at at ADP crl-14901 200 9 the the DET crl-14901 200 10 university university PROPN crl-14901 200 11 and and CCONJ crl-14901 200 12 library library NOUN crl-14901 200 13 level level NOUN crl-14901 200 14 was be AUX crl-14901 200 15 another another DET crl-14901 200 16 major major ADJ crl-14901 200 17 complaint complaint NOUN crl-14901 200 18 among among ADP crl-14901 200 19 library library NOUN crl-14901 200 20 professionals professional NOUN crl-14901 200 21 in in ADP crl-14901 200 22 unionized unionized ADJ crl-14901 200 23 institutions institution NOUN crl-14901 200 24 . . PUNCT crl-14901 201 1 as as SCONJ crl-14901 201 2 one one NUM crl-14901 201 3 of of ADP crl-14901 201 4 the the DET crl-14901 201 5 respondents respondent NOUN crl-14901 201 6 put put VERB crl-14901 201 7 it it PRON crl-14901 201 8 , , PUNCT crl-14901 201 9 " " PUNCT crl-14901 201 10 more more ADJ crl-14901 201 11 emphasis emphasis NOUN crl-14901 201 12 [ [ X crl-14901 201 13 is be AUX crl-14901 201 14 placed place VERB crl-14901 201 15 ] ] PUNCT crl-14901 201 16 on on ADP crl-14901 201 17 form form NOUN crl-14901 201 18 and and CCONJ crl-14901 201 19 flash flash VERB crl-14901 201 20 than than ADP crl-14901 201 21 substance substance NOUN crl-14901 201 22 and and CCONJ crl-14901 201 23 service service NOUN crl-14901 201 24 . . PUNCT crl-14901 201 25 " " PUNCT crl-14901 202 1 comments comment NOUN crl-14901 202 2 such such ADJ crl-14901 202 3 as as ADP crl-14901 202 4 the the DET crl-14901 202 5 above above NOUN crl-14901 202 6 stood stand VERB crl-14901 202 7 in in ADP crl-14901 202 8 contrast contrast NOUN crl-14901 202 9 to to ADP crl-14901 202 10 comments comment NOUN crl-14901 202 11 received receive VERB crl-14901 202 12 by by ADP crl-14901 202 13 respondents respondent NOUN crl-14901 202 14 in in ADP crl-14901 202 15 nonunion nonunion ADJ crl-14901 202 16 libraries library NOUN crl-14901 202 17 ( ( PUNCT crl-14901 202 18 a a DET crl-14901 202 19 total total NOUN crl-14901 202 20 of of ADP crl-14901 202 21 fifty fifty NUM crl-14901 202 22 - - PUNCT crl-14901 202 23 four four NUM crl-14901 202 24 comments comment NOUN crl-14901 202 25 ) ) PUNCT crl-14901 202 26 . . PUNCT crl-14901 203 1 the the DET crl-14901 203 2 majority majority NOUN crl-14901 203 3 of of ADP crl-14901 203 4 statements statement NOUN crl-14901 203 5 by by ADP crl-14901 203 6 this this DET crl-14901 203 7 second second ADJ crl-14901 203 8 group group NOUN crl-14901 203 9 of of ADP crl-14901 203 10 participants participant NOUN crl-14901 203 11 was be AUX crl-14901 203 12 much much ADV crl-14901 203 13 more more ADV crl-14901 203 14 positive positive ADJ crl-14901 203 15 and and CCONJ crl-14901 203 16 referred refer VERB crl-14901 203 17 to to ADP crl-14901 203 18 attributes attribute NOUN crl-14901 203 19 of of ADP crl-14901 203 20 each each DET crl-14901 203 21 individual individual NOUN crl-14901 203 22 's 's PART crl-14901 203 23 job job NOUN crl-14901 203 24 rather rather ADV crl-14901 203 25 than than ADP crl-14901 203 26 to to ADP crl-14901 203 27 relations relation NOUN crl-14901 203 28 with with ADP crl-14901 203 29 administration administration NOUN crl-14901 203 30 . . PUNCT crl-14901 204 1 innovation innovation NOUN crl-14901 204 2 , , PUNCT crl-14901 204 3 challenge challenge NOUN crl-14901 204 4 , , PUNCT crl-14901 204 5 flexibility flexibility NOUN crl-14901 204 6 in in ADP crl-14901 204 7 work work NOUN crl-14901 204 8 assignments assignment NOUN crl-14901 204 9 , , PUNCT crl-14901 204 10 encouragement encouragement NOUN crl-14901 204 11 of of ADP crl-14901 204 12 originality originality NOUN crl-14901 204 13 and and CCONJ crl-14901 204 14 creativity creativity NOUN crl-14901 204 15 , , PUNCT crl-14901 204 16 job job NOUN crl-14901 204 17 responsibility responsibility NOUN crl-14901 204 18 , , PUNCT crl-14901 204 19 and and CCONJ crl-14901 204 20 individual individual ADJ crl-14901 204 21 initiative initiative NOUN crl-14901 204 22 were be AUX crl-14901 204 23 some some PRON crl-14901 204 24 of of ADP crl-14901 204 25 the the DET crl-14901 204 26 characteristics characteristic NOUN crl-14901 204 27 that that SCONJ crl-14901 204 28 those those DET crl-14901 204 29 participants participant NOUN crl-14901 204 30 attributed attribute VERB crl-14901 204 31 to to ADP crl-14901 204 32 their their PRON crl-14901 204 33 work work NOUN crl-14901 204 34 . . PUNCT crl-14901 205 1 in in ADP crl-14901 205 2 addition addition NOUN crl-14901 205 3 , , PUNCT crl-14901 205 4 attitudes attitude NOUN crl-14901 205 5 toward toward ADP crl-14901 205 6 manjuly manjuly ADJ crl-14901 205 7 1994 1994 NUM crl-14901 205 8 agement agement NOUN crl-14901 205 9 , , PUNCT crl-14901 205 10 whenever whenever SCONJ crl-14901 205 11 negative negative ADJ crl-14901 205 12 , , PUNCT crl-14901 205 13 were be AUX crl-14901 205 14 tempered temper VERB crl-14901 205 15 by by ADP crl-14901 205 16 a a DET crl-14901 205 17 rather rather ADV crl-14901 205 18 more more ADV crl-14901 205 19 positive positive ADJ crl-14901 205 20 outlook outlook NOUN crl-14901 205 21 . . PUNCT crl-14901 206 1 for for ADP crl-14901 206 2 example example NOUN crl-14901 206 3 , , PUNCT crl-14901 206 4 one one NUM crl-14901 206 5 of of ADP crl-14901 206 6 the the DET crl-14901 206 7 respondents respondent NOUN crl-14901 206 8 commented comment VERB crl-14901 206 9 that that SCONJ crl-14901 206 10 " " PUNCT crl-14901 206 11 within within ADP crl-14901 206 12 my my PRON crl-14901 206 13 unit unit NOUN crl-14901 206 14 of of ADP crl-14901 206 15 the the DET crl-14901 206 16 library library NOUN crl-14901 206 17 , , PUNCT crl-14901 206 18 the the DET crl-14901 206 19 high high ADJ crl-14901 206 20 caliber caliber NOUN crl-14901 206 21 of of ADP crl-14901 206 22 personnel personnel NOUN crl-14901 206 23 management management NOUN crl-14901 206 24 , , PUNCT crl-14901 206 25 concern concern NOUN crl-14901 206 26 for for ADP crl-14901 206 27 individuals individual NOUN crl-14901 206 28 , , PUNCT crl-14901 206 29 and and CCONJ crl-14901 206 30 team team NOUN crl-14901 206 31 - - PUNCT crl-14901 206 32 building building NOUN crl-14901 206 33 help help NOUN crl-14901 206 34 overcome overcome VERB crl-14901 206 35 negative negative ADJ crl-14901 206 36 forces force NOUN crl-14901 206 37 such such ADJ crl-14901 206 38 as as ADP crl-14901 206 39 low low ADJ crl-14901 206 40 salaries salary NOUN crl-14901 206 41 and and CCONJ crl-14901 206 42 budget budget NOUN crl-14901 206 43 cutbacks cutback NOUN crl-14901 206 44 . . PUNCT crl-14901 206 45 " " PUNCT crl-14901 207 1 because because SCONJ crl-14901 207 2 such such ADJ crl-14901 207 3 comments comment NOUN crl-14901 207 4 were be AUX crl-14901 207 5 collected collect VERB crl-14901 207 6 by by ADP crl-14901 207 7 the the DET crl-14901 207 8 participants participant NOUN crl-14901 207 9 of of ADP crl-14901 207 10 this this DET crl-14901 207 11 study study NOUN crl-14901 207 12 on on ADP crl-14901 207 13 a a DET crl-14901 207 14 voluntary voluntary ADJ crl-14901 207 15 basis basis NOUN crl-14901 207 16 , , PUNCT crl-14901 207 17 they they PRON crl-14901 207 18 did do AUX crl-14901 207 19 not not PART crl-14901 207 20 necessarily necessarily ADV crl-14901 207 21 provide provide VERB crl-14901 207 22 a a DET crl-14901 207 23 completely completely ADV crl-14901 207 24 objective objective ADJ crl-14901 207 25 or or CCONJ crl-14901 207 26 comprehensive comprehensive ADJ crl-14901 207 27 picture picture NOUN crl-14901 207 28 of of ADP crl-14901 207 29 reality reality NOUN crl-14901 207 30 in in ADP crl-14901 207 31 these these DET crl-14901 207 32 institutions institution NOUN crl-14901 207 33 . . PUNCT crl-14901 208 1 however however ADV crl-14901 208 2 , , PUNCT crl-14901 208 3 these these DET crl-14901 208 4 remarks remark NOUN crl-14901 208 5 may may AUX crl-14901 208 6 suggest suggest VERB crl-14901 208 7 that that SCONJ crl-14901 208 8 the the DET crl-14901 208 9 presence presence NOUN crl-14901 208 10 of of ADP crl-14901 208 11 unions union NOUN crl-14901 208 12 might might AUX crl-14901 208 13 be be AUX crl-14901 208 14 an an DET crl-14901 208 15 indication indication NOUN crl-14901 208 16 of of ADP crl-14901 208 17 problems problem NOUN crl-14901 208 18 with with ADP crl-14901 208 19 administration administration NOUN crl-14901 208 20 and and CCONJ crl-14901 208 21 discontent discontent VERB crl-14901 208 22 with with ADP crl-14901 208 23 the the DET crl-14901 208 24 work work NOUN crl-14901 208 25 situation situation NOUN crl-14901 208 26 at at ADP crl-14901 208 27 these these DET crl-14901 208 28 institutions institution NOUN crl-14901 208 29 . . PUNCT crl-14901 209 1 future future ADJ crl-14901 209 2 research research NOUN crl-14901 209 3 needs need VERB crl-14901 209 4 to to PART crl-14901 209 5 explore explore VERB crl-14901 209 6 further far ADV crl-14901 209 7 whether whether SCONJ crl-14901 209 8 and and CCONJ crl-14901 209 9 why why SCONJ crl-14901 209 10 library library NOUN crl-14901 209 11 employees employee NOUN crl-14901 209 12 at at ADP crl-14901 209 13 unionized unionized ADJ crl-14901 209 14 campuses campus NOUN crl-14901 209 15 tend tend VERB crl-14901 209 16 to to PART crl-14901 209 17 have have VERB crl-14901 209 18 such such ADJ crl-14901 209 19 negative negative ADJ crl-14901 209 20 feelings feeling NOUN crl-14901 209 21 . . PUNCT crl-14901 210 1 are be AUX crl-14901 210 2 there there PRON crl-14901 210 3 problems problem NOUN crl-14901 210 4 particular particular ADJ crl-14901 210 5 to to ADP crl-14901 210 6 these these DET crl-14901 210 7 institutions institution NOUN crl-14901 210 8 , , PUNCT crl-14901 210 9 or or CCONJ crl-14901 210 10 is be AUX crl-14901 210 11 it it PRON crl-14901 210 12 that that PRON crl-14901 210 13 union union NOUN crl-14901 210 14 employees employee NOUN crl-14901 210 15 tend tend VERB crl-14901 210 16 to to PART crl-14901 210 17 be be AUX crl-14901 210 18 more more ADV crl-14901 210 19 critical critical ADJ crl-14901 210 20 toward toward ADP crl-14901 210 21 their their PRON crl-14901 210 22 employer employer NOUN crl-14901 210 23 ? ? PUNCT crl-14901 211 1 finally finally ADV crl-14901 211 2 , , PUNCT crl-14901 211 3 demographic demographic ADJ crl-14901 211 4 characteristics characteristic NOUN crl-14901 211 5 were be AUX crl-14901 211 6 not not PART crl-14901 211 7 of of ADP crl-14901 211 8 central central ADJ crl-14901 211 9 concern concern NOUN crl-14901 211 10 in in ADP crl-14901 211 11 the the DET crl-14901 211 12 analysis analysis NOUN crl-14901 211 13 of of ADP crl-14901 211 14 data datum NOUN crl-14901 211 15 . . PUNCT crl-14901 212 1 they they PRON crl-14901 212 2 entered enter VERB crl-14901 212 3 the the DET crl-14901 212 4 regression regression NOUN crl-14901 212 5 equations equation NOUN crl-14901 212 6 only only ADV crl-14901 212 7 as as ADP crl-14901 212 8 control control NOUN crl-14901 212 9 variables variable NOUN crl-14901 212 10 . . PUNCT crl-14901 213 1 however however ADV crl-14901 213 2 , , PUNCT crl-14901 213 3 some some PRON crl-14901 213 4 of of ADP crl-14901 213 5 them they PRON crl-14901 213 6 , , PUNCT crl-14901 213 7 in in ADP crl-14901 213 8 particular particular ADJ crl-14901 213 9 part part ADJ crl-14901 213 10 - - PUNCT crl-14901 213 11 time time NOUN crl-14901 213 12 status status NOUN crl-14901 213 13 and and CCONJ crl-14901 213 14 especially especially ADV crl-14901 213 15 salary salary NOUN crl-14901 213 16 , , PUNCT crl-14901 213 17 came come VERB crl-14901 213 18 up up ADP crl-14901 213 19 as as ADV crl-14901 213 20 statistically statistically ADV crl-14901 213 21 significant significant ADJ crl-14901 213 22 in in ADP crl-14901 213 23 relation relation NOUN crl-14901 213 24 to to ADP crl-14901 213 25 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14901 213 26 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 213 27 . . PUNCT crl-14901 214 1 more more ADV crl-14901 214 2 systematic systematic ADJ crl-14901 214 3 analysis analysis NOUN crl-14901 214 4 needs need VERB crl-14901 214 5 to to PART crl-14901 214 6 examine examine VERB crl-14901 214 7 the the DET crl-14901 214 8 strength strength NOUN crl-14901 214 9 of of ADP crl-14901 214 10 such such DET crl-14901 214 11 a a DET crl-14901 214 12 relationship relationship NOUN crl-14901 214 13 . . PUNCT crl-14901 215 1 unfor unfor PROPN crl-14901 215 2 . . PUNCT crl-14901 216 1 tunately tunately ADV crl-14901 216 2 , , PUNCT crl-14901 216 3 in in ADP crl-14901 216 4 the the DET crl-14901 216 5 present present ADJ crl-14901 216 6 study study NOUN crl-14901 216 7 , , PUNCT crl-14901 216 8 part part ADJ crl-14901 216 9 - - PUNCT crl-14901 216 10 time time NOUN crl-14901 216 11 employees employee NOUN crl-14901 216 12 were be AUX crl-14901 216 13 only only ADV crl-14901 216 14 6 6 NUM crl-14901 216 15 percent percent NOUN crl-14901 216 16 of of ADP crl-14901 216 17 the the DET crl-14901 216 18 total total ADJ crl-14901 216 19 survey survey NOUN crl-14901 216 20 population population NOUN crl-14901 216 21 . . PUNCT crl-14901 217 1 consequently consequently ADV crl-14901 217 2 , , PUNCT crl-14901 217 3 despite despite SCONJ crl-14901 217 4 the the DET crl-14901 217 5 fact fact NOUN crl-14901 217 6 that that SCONJ crl-14901 217 7 this this DET crl-14901 217 8 variable variable NOUN crl-14901 217 9 came come VERB crl-14901 217 10 up up ADP crl-14901 217 11 as as ADV crl-14901 217 12 statistically statistically ADV crl-14901 217 13 significant significant ADJ crl-14901 217 14 , , PUNCT crl-14901 217 15 reliable reliable ADJ crl-14901 217 16 conclusions conclusion NOUN crl-14901 217 17 could could AUX crl-14901 217 18 not not PART crl-14901 217 19 be be AUX crl-14901 217 20 drawn draw VERB crl-14901 217 21 about about ADP crl-14901 217 22 the the DET crl-14901 217 23 effect effect NOUN crl-14901 217 24 of of ADP crl-14901 217 25 part part ADJ crl-14901 217 26 - - PUNCT crl-14901 217 27 time time NOUN crl-14901 217 28 status status NOUN crl-14901 217 29 on on ADP crl-14901 217 30 work work NOUN crl-14901 217 31 experience experience NOUN crl-14901 217 32 . . PUNCT crl-14901 218 1 future future ADJ crl-14901 218 2 research research NOUN crl-14901 218 3 needs need VERB crl-14901 218 4 to to PART crl-14901 218 5 explore explore VERB crl-14901 218 6 the the DET crl-14901 218 7 question question NOUN crl-14901 218 8 of of ADP crl-14901 218 9 whether whether SCONJ crl-14901 218 10 and and CCONJ crl-14901 218 11 why why SCONJ crl-14901 218 12 part part ADJ crl-14901 218 13 - - PUNCT crl-14901 218 14 time time NOUN crl-14901 218 15 professional professional ADJ crl-14901 218 16 library library NOUN crl-14901 218 17 employees employee NOUN crl-14901 218 18 may may AUX crl-14901 218 19 be be AUX crl-14901 218 20 more more ADV crl-14901 218 21 positive positive ADJ crl-14901 218 22 toward toward ADP crl-14901 218 23 their their PRON crl-14901 218 24 library library NOUN crl-14901 218 25 employer employer NOUN crl-14901 218 26 than than ADP crl-14901 218 27 their their PRON crl-14901 218 28 full full ADJ crl-14901 218 29 - - PUNCT crl-14901 218 30 time time NOUN crl-14901 218 31 colleagues colleague NOUN crl-14901 218 32 . . PUNCT crl-14901 219 1 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14901 219 2 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 219 3 307 307 NUM crl-14901 219 4 references reference NOUN crl-14901 219 5 and and CCONJ crl-14901 219 6 notes note NOUN crl-14901 219 7 1 1 NUM crl-14901 219 8 . . PROPN crl-14901 219 9 ralf ralf PROPN crl-14901 219 10 dahrendorf dahrendorf PROPN crl-14901 219 11 , , PUNCT crl-14901 219 12 class class NOUN crl-14901 219 13 and and CCONJ crl-14901 219 14 class class NOUN crl-14901 219 15 conflict conflict NOUN crl-14901 219 16 in in ADP crl-14901 219 17 industrial industrial ADJ crl-14901 219 18 society society NOUN crl-14901 219 19 ( ( PUNCT crl-14901 219 20 stanford stanford PROPN crl-14901 219 21 , , PUNCT crl-14901 219 22 calif calif PROPN crl-14901 219 23 . . PUNCT crl-14901 219 24 : : PUNCT crl-14901 219 25 stanford stanford PROPN crl-14901 219 26 univ univ PROPN crl-14901 219 27 . . PUNCT crl-14901 220 1 pr pr PROPN crl-14901 220 2 . . PROPN crl-14901 220 3 , , PUNCT crl-14901 220 4 1959 1959 NUM crl-14901 220 5 ) ) PUNCT crl-14901 220 6 . . PUNCT crl-14901 221 1 2 2 X crl-14901 221 2 . . X crl-14901 221 3 ibid ibid PROPN crl-14901 221 4 . . PUNCT crl-14901 221 5 , , PUNCT crl-14901 221 6 168 168 NUM crl-14901 221 7 . . PROPN crl-14901 221 8 3 3 X crl-14901 221 9 . . PROPN crl-14901 221 10 lewis lewis PROPN crl-14901 221 11 a. a. PROPN crl-14901 221 12 coser coser PROPN crl-14901 221 13 , , PUNCT crl-14901 221 14 the the DET crl-14901 221 15 functions function NOUN crl-14901 221 16 of of ADP crl-14901 221 17 social social ADJ crl-14901 221 18 conflict conflict NOUN crl-14901 221 19 ( ( PUNCT crl-14901 221 20 new new PROPN crl-14901 221 21 york york PROPN crl-14901 221 22 : : PUNCT crl-14901 221 23 free free ADJ crl-14901 221 24 pr pr PROPN crl-14901 221 25 . . PROPN crl-14901 221 26 , , PUNCT crl-14901 221 27 1956 1956 NUM crl-14901 221 28 ) ) PUNCT crl-14901 221 29 , , PUNCT crl-14901 221 30 8 8 NUM crl-14901 221 31 . . NUM crl-14901 221 32 4 4 X crl-14901 221 33 . . X crl-14901 221 34 ibid ibid NOUN crl-14901 221 35 . . PUNCT crl-14901 221 36 , , PUNCT crl-14901 221 37 58 58 NUM crl-14901 221 38 . . NUM crl-14901 221 39 5 5 X crl-14901 221 40 . . X crl-14901 221 41 georg georg PROPN crl-14901 221 42 simmel simmel PROPN crl-14901 221 43 , , PUNCT crl-14901 221 44 conflict conflict NOUN crl-14901 221 45 and and CCONJ crl-14901 221 46 the the DET crl-14901 221 47 web web NOUN crl-14901 221 48 of of ADP crl-14901 221 49 group group NOUN crl-14901 221 50 affiliations affiliation NOUN crl-14901 221 51 ( ( PUNCT crl-14901 221 52 new new PROPN crl-14901 221 53 york york PROPN crl-14901 221 54 : : PUNCT crl-14901 221 55 free free ADJ crl-14901 221 56 pr pr PROPN crl-14901 221 57 . . PROPN crl-14901 221 58 , , PUNCT crl-14901 221 59 1955 1955 NUM crl-14901 221 60 ) ) PUNCT crl-14901 221 61 , , PUNCT crl-14901 221 62 13 13 NUM crl-14901 221 63 . . NUM crl-14901 222 1 6 6 NUM crl-14901 222 2 . . X crl-14901 222 3 c. c. PROPN crl-14901 222 4 wright wright PROPN crl-14901 222 5 mills mills PROPN crl-14901 222 6 , , PUNCT crl-14901 222 7 white white ADJ crl-14901 222 8 collar collar NOUN crl-14901 222 9 : : PUNCT crl-14901 222 10 the the DET crl-14901 222 11 american american PROPN crl-14901 222 12 middle middle PROPN crl-14901 222 13 class class PROPN crl-14901 222 14 ( ( PUNCT crl-14901 222 15 new new PROPN crl-14901 222 16 york york PROPN crl-14901 222 17 : : PUNCT crl-14901 222 18 oxford oxford PROPN crl-14901 222 19 univ univ PROPN crl-14901 222 20 . . PUNCT crl-14901 223 1 pr pr PROPN crl-14901 223 2 . . PROPN crl-14901 223 3 , , PUNCT crl-14901 223 4 1951 1951 NUM crl-14901 223 5 ) ) PUNCT crl-14901 223 6 . . PUNCT crl-14901 224 1 7 7 X crl-14901 224 2 . . X crl-14901 224 3 lois lois PROPN crl-14901 224 4 dean dean PROPN crl-14901 224 5 , , PUNCT crl-14901 224 6 " " PUNCT crl-14901 224 7 union union NOUN crl-14901 224 8 activity activity NOUN crl-14901 224 9 and and CCONJ crl-14901 224 10 dual dual ADJ crl-14901 224 11 loyalty loyalty NOUN crl-14901 224 12 , , PUNCT crl-14901 224 13 " " PUNCT crl-14901 224 14 industrial industrial ADJ crl-14901 224 15 and and CCONJ crl-14901 224 16 labor labor NOUN crl-14901 224 17 relations relation NOUN crl-14901 224 18 7(july 7(july NUM crl-14901 224 19 1954 1954 NUM crl-14901 224 20 ): ): PUNCT crl-14901 224 21 526 526 NUM crl-14901 224 22 . . NUM crl-14901 224 23 8 8 NUM crl-14901 224 24 . . PROPN crl-14901 224 25 solomon solomon PROPN crl-14901 224 26 barkin barkin PROPN crl-14901 224 27 , , PUNCT crl-14901 224 28 " " PUNCT crl-14901 224 29 a a DET crl-14901 224 30 trade trade NOUN crl-14901 224 31 unionist unionist NOUN crl-14901 224 32 appraises appraise VERB crl-14901 224 33 management management NOUN crl-14901 224 34 personnel personnel NOUN crl-14901 224 35 philosophy philosophy NOUN crl-14901 224 36 , , PUNCT crl-14901 224 37 " " PUNCT crl-14901 224 38 harvard harvard NOUN crl-14901 224 39 business business NOUN crl-14901 224 40 review review NOUN crl-14901 224 41 28(sept 28(sept NUM crl-14901 224 42 . . PUNCT crl-14901 225 1 1950 1950 NUM crl-14901 225 2 ): ): PUNCT crl-14901 225 3 59 59 NUM crl-14901 225 4 - - SYM crl-14901 225 5 64 64 NUM crl-14901 225 6 . . NUM crl-14901 226 1 9 9 NUM crl-14901 226 2 . . X crl-14901 226 3 george george PROPN crl-14901 226 4 w. w. PROPN crl-14901 226 5 england england PROPN crl-14901 226 6 , , PUNCT crl-14901 226 7 " " PUNCT crl-14901 226 8 dual dual ADJ crl-14901 226 9 allegiance allegiance NOUN crl-14901 226 10 to to ADP crl-14901 226 11 company company NOUN crl-14901 226 12 and and CCONJ crl-14901 226 13 union union NOUN crl-14901 226 14 , , PUNCT crl-14901 226 15 " " PUNCT crl-14901 226 16 personnel personnel NOUN crl-14901 226 17 administration administration NOUN crl-14901 226 18 23(mar.-apr 23(mar.-apr NUM crl-14901 226 19 . . PUNCT crl-14901 227 1 1960 1960 NUM crl-14901 227 2 ): ): PUNCT crl-14901 227 3 20 20 NUM crl-14901 227 4 - - SYM crl-14901 227 5 25 25 NUM crl-14901 227 6 . . NUM crl-14901 228 1 10 10 NUM crl-14901 228 2 . . PROPN crl-14901 228 3 dean dean PROPN crl-14901 228 4 , , PUNCT crl-14901 228 5 " " PUNCT crl-14901 228 6 union union NOUN crl-14901 228 7 activity activity NOUN crl-14901 228 8 , , PUNCT crl-14901 228 9 " " PUNCT crl-14901 228 10 526 526 NUM crl-14901 228 11 . . NUM crl-14901 228 12 11 11 NUM crl-14901 228 13 . . PROPN crl-14901 229 1 arnold arnold PROPN crl-14901 229 2 rose rise VERB crl-14901 229 3 , , PUNCT crl-14901 229 4 union union NOUN crl-14901 229 5 solidarity solidarity NOUN crl-14901 229 6 ( ( PUNCT crl-14901 229 7 minneapolis minneapolis PROPN crl-14901 229 8 , , PUNCT crl-14901 229 9 minn minn PROPN crl-14901 229 10 . . PROPN crl-14901 229 11 : : PUNCT crl-14901 229 12 univ univ PROPN crl-14901 229 13 . . PROPN crl-14901 229 14 of of ADP crl-14901 229 15 minnesota minnesota PROPN crl-14901 229 16 pr pr PROPN crl-14901 229 17 . . PROPN crl-14901 229 18 , , PUNCT crl-14901 229 19 1952 1952 NUM crl-14901 229 20 ) ) PUNCT crl-14901 229 21 , , PUNCT crl-14901 229 22 189 189 NUM crl-14901 229 23 . . PUNCT crl-14901 230 1 12 12 NUM crl-14901 230 2 . . PUNCT crl-14901 231 1 dean dean PROPN crl-14901 231 2 , , PUNCT crl-14901 231 3 " " PUNCT crl-14901 231 4 union union NOUN crl-14901 231 5 activity activity NOUN crl-14901 231 6 , , PUNCT crl-14901 231 7 " " PUNCT crl-14901 231 8 532 532 NUM crl-14901 231 9 - - SYM crl-14901 231 10 35 35 NUM crl-14901 231 11 . . NUM crl-14901 231 12 13 13 NUM crl-14901 231 13 . . PUNCT crl-14901 232 1 ross ross PROPN crl-14901 232 2 stagner stagner NOUN crl-14901 232 3 , , PUNCT crl-14901 232 4 " " PUNCT crl-14901 232 5 dual dual ADJ crl-14901 232 6 allegiance allegiance NOUN crl-14901 232 7 as as ADP crl-14901 232 8 a a DET crl-14901 232 9 problem problem NOUN crl-14901 232 10 in in ADP crl-14901 232 11 modern modern ADJ crl-14901 232 12 society society NOUN crl-14901 232 13 , , PUNCT crl-14901 232 14 " " PUNCT crl-14901 232 15 personnel personnel NOUN crl-14901 232 16 psychology psychology NOUN crl-14901 232 17 7(spring 7(spring NOUN crl-14901 232 18 1954 1954 NUM crl-14901 232 19 ): ): PUNCT crl-14901 232 20 41 41 NUM crl-14901 232 21 - - SYM crl-14901 232 22 47 47 NUM crl-14901 232 23 . . PUNCT crl-14901 233 1 14 14 NUM crl-14901 233 2 . . PUNCT crl-14901 234 1 theodore theodore PROPN crl-14901 234 2 purcell purcell PROPN crl-14901 234 3 , , PUNCT crl-14901 234 4 blue blue ADJ crl-14901 234 5 collar collar NOUN crl-14901 234 6 man man NOUN crl-14901 234 7 : : PUNCT crl-14901 234 8 patterns pattern NOUN crl-14901 234 9 of of ADP crl-14901 234 10 dual dual ADJ crl-14901 234 11 allegiance allegiance NOUN crl-14901 234 12 in in ADP crl-14901 234 13 industry industry NOUN crl-14901 234 14 ( ( PUNCT crl-14901 234 15 cambridge cambridge PROPN crl-14901 234 16 , , PUNCT crl-14901 234 17 mass mass PROPN crl-14901 234 18 . . PUNCT crl-14901 234 19 : : PUNCT crl-14901 234 20 harvard harvard PROPN crl-14901 234 21 univ univ PROPN crl-14901 234 22 . . PUNCT crl-14901 235 1 pr pr PROPN crl-14901 235 2 . . PUNCT crl-14901 235 3 ) ) PUNCT crl-14901 235 4 . . PUNCT crl-14901 236 1 15 15 NUM crl-14901 236 2 . . PUNCT crl-14901 236 3 harold harold PROPN crl-14901 236 4 l. l. PROPN crl-14901 236 5 angle angle PROPN crl-14901 236 6 and and CCONJ crl-14901 236 7 james james PROPN crl-14901 236 8 l. l. PROPN crl-14901 236 9 perry perry PROPN crl-14901 236 10 , , PUNCT crl-14901 236 11 " " PUNCT crl-14901 236 12 dual dual ADJ crl-14901 236 13 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 236 14 and and CCONJ crl-14901 236 15 labor labor NOUN crl-14901 236 16 - - PUNCT crl-14901 236 17 management management NOUN crl-14901 236 18 relationship relationship NOUN crl-14901 236 19 climates climate NOUN crl-14901 236 20 , , PUNCT crl-14901 236 21 " " PUNCT crl-14901 236 22 academy academy NOUN crl-14901 236 23 of of ADP crl-14901 236 24 management management NOUN crl-14901 236 25 ] ] PUNCT crl-14901 236 26 ournal29(mar ournal29(mar PROPN crl-14901 236 27 . . PROPN crl-14901 237 1 1986 1986 NUM crl-14901 237 2 ): ): PUNCT crl-14901 237 3 32 32 NUM crl-14901 237 4 . . NUM crl-14901 238 1 16 16 NUM crl-14901 238 2 . . PUNCT crl-14901 239 1 cynthia cynthia PROPN crl-14901 239 2 fukami fukami PROPN crl-14901 239 3 and and CCONJ crl-14901 239 4 erik erik PROPN crl-14901 239 5 larson larson PROPN crl-14901 239 6 , , PUNCT crl-14901 239 7 " " PUNCT crl-14901 239 8 the the DET crl-14901 239 9 relationship relationship NOUN crl-14901 239 10 between between ADP crl-14901 239 11 union union NOUN crl-14901 239 12 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 239 13 and and CCONJ crl-14901 239 14 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14901 239 15 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 239 16 dual dual ADJ crl-14901 239 17 loyalty loyalty NOUN crl-14901 239 18 reexamined reexamine VERB crl-14901 239 19 " " PUNCT crl-14901 239 20 ( ( PUNCT crl-14901 239 21 paper paper NOUN crl-14901 239 22 presented present VERB crl-14901 239 23 at at ADP crl-14901 239 24 the the DET crl-14901 239 25 42nd 42nd ADJ crl-14901 239 26 annual annual ADJ crl-14901 239 27 meeting meeting NOUN crl-14901 239 28 of of ADP crl-14901 239 29 the the DET crl-14901 239 30 academy academy NOUN crl-14901 239 31 of of ADP crl-14901 239 32 management management NOUN crl-14901 239 33 , , PUNCT crl-14901 239 34 new new PROPN crl-14901 239 35 york york PROPN crl-14901 239 36 , , PUNCT crl-14901 239 37 1982 1982 NUM crl-14901 239 38 ) ) PUNCT crl-14901 239 39 . . PUNCT crl-14901 240 1 17 17 NUM crl-14901 240 2 . . X crl-14901 240 3 angle angle NOUN crl-14901 240 4 and and CCONJ crl-14901 240 5 perry perry NOUN crl-14901 240 6 , , PUNCT crl-14901 240 7 " " PUNCT crl-14901 240 8 dual dual ADJ crl-14901 240 9 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 240 10 , , PUNCT crl-14901 240 11 " " PUNCT crl-14901 240 12 31 31 NUM crl-14901 240 13 - - SYM crl-14901 240 14 50 50 NUM crl-14901 240 15 . . NUM crl-14901 240 16 18 18 NUM crl-14901 240 17 . . PUNCT crl-14901 241 1 james james PROPN crl-14901 241 2 martin martin PROPN crl-14901 241 3 , , PUNCT crl-14901 241 4 " " PUNCT crl-14901 241 5 dual dual ADJ crl-14901 241 6 allegiance allegiance NOUN crl-14901 241 7 in in ADP crl-14901 241 8 public public ADJ crl-14901 241 9 sector sector NOUN crl-14901 241 10 unionism unionism NOUN crl-14901 241 11 : : PUNCT crl-14901 241 12 a a DET crl-14901 241 13 case case NOUN crl-14901 241 14 study study NOUN crl-14901 241 15 , , PUNCT crl-14901 241 16 " " PUNCT crl-14901 241 17 international international ADJ crl-14901 241 18 review review NOUN crl-14901 241 19 of of ADP crl-14901 241 20 applied apply VERB crl-14901 241 21 psychology psychology NOUN crl-14901 241 22 30(apr 30(apr NOUN crl-14901 241 23 . . PUNCT crl-14901 242 1 1981 1981 NUM crl-14901 242 2 ): ): PUNCT crl-14901 242 3 245 245 NUM crl-14901 242 4 - - SYM crl-14901 242 5 60 60 NUM crl-14901 242 6 . . NUM crl-14901 242 7 19 19 NUM crl-14901 242 8 . . PUNCT crl-14901 243 1 daniel daniel PROPN crl-14901 243 2 gallagher gallagher PROPN crl-14901 243 3 , , PUNCT crl-14901 243 4 '' '' PUNCT crl-14901 243 5 the the DET crl-14901 243 6 relationship relationship NOUN crl-14901 243 7 between between ADP crl-14901 243 8 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14901 243 9 and and CCONJ crl-14901 243 10 union union NOUN crl-14901 243 11 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 243 12 among among ADP crl-14901 243 13 federal federal ADJ crl-14901 243 14 government government NOUN crl-14901 243 15 employees employee NOUN crl-14901 243 16 , , PUNCT crl-14901 243 17 " " PUNCT crl-14901 243 18 proceedings proceeding NOUN crl-14901 243 19 of of ADP crl-14901 243 20 the the DET crl-14901 243 21 academy academy NOUN crl-14901 243 22 of of ADP crl-14901 243 23 management management NOUN crl-14901 243 24 44(aug 44(aug PROPN crl-14901 243 25 . . PUNCT crl-14901 244 1 12 12 NUM crl-14901 244 2 - - SYM crl-14901 244 3 15 15 NUM crl-14901 244 4 , , PUNCT crl-14901 244 5 1984 1984 NUM crl-14901 244 6 ): ): PUNCT crl-14901 244 7 319 319 NUM crl-14901 244 8 - - SYM crl-14901 244 9 23 23 NUM crl-14901 244 10 . . NUM crl-14901 244 11 20 20 NUM crl-14901 244 12 . . X crl-14901 244 13 ibid ibid PROPN crl-14901 244 14 . . PUNCT crl-14901 244 15 , , PUNCT crl-14901 244 16 322 322 NUM crl-14901 244 17 . . PROPN crl-14901 244 18 21 21 NUM crl-14901 244 19 . . PUNCT crl-14901 245 1 angle angle NOUN crl-14901 245 2 and and CCONJ crl-14901 245 3 perry perry NOUN crl-14901 245 4 , , PUNCT crl-14901 245 5 " " PUNCT crl-14901 245 6 dual dual ADJ crl-14901 245 7 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 245 8 , , PUNCT crl-14901 245 9 " " PUNCT crl-14901 245 10 36 36 NUM crl-14901 245 11 . . NUM crl-14901 245 12 22 22 NUM crl-14901 245 13 . . PUNCT crl-14901 246 1 richard richard PROPN crl-14901 246 2 mowday mowday PROPN crl-14901 246 3 , , PUNCT crl-14901 246 4 lynman lynman NOUN crl-14901 246 5 porter porter NOUN crl-14901 246 6 , , PUNCT crl-14901 246 7 and and CCONJ crl-14901 246 8 richard richard PROPN crl-14901 246 9 steer steer PROPN crl-14901 246 10 , , PUNCT crl-14901 246 11 employee employee NOUN crl-14901 246 12 - - PUNCT crl-14901 246 13 organization organization NOUN crl-14901 246 14 linkages linkage NOUN crl-14901 246 15 ( ( PUNCT crl-14901 246 16 san san PROPN crl-14901 246 17 diego diego PROPN crl-14901 246 18 , , PUNCT crl-14901 246 19 calif calif PROPN crl-14901 246 20 . . PROPN crl-14901 246 21 : : PUNCT crl-14901 246 22 academic academic ADJ crl-14901 246 23 , , PUNCT crl-14901 246 24 1982 1982 NUM crl-14901 246 25 ) ) PUNCT crl-14901 246 26 , , PUNCT crl-14901 246 27 27 27 NUM crl-14901 246 28 . . PUNCT crl-14901 246 29 23 23 NUM crl-14901 246 30 . . PUNCT crl-14901 247 1 the the DET crl-14901 247 2 subjects subject NOUN crl-14901 247 3 and and CCONJ crl-14901 247 4 setting setting NOUN crl-14901 247 5 of of ADP crl-14901 247 6 this this DET crl-14901 247 7 study study NOUN crl-14901 247 8 are be AUX crl-14901 247 9 also also ADV crl-14901 247 10 described describe VERB crl-14901 247 11 in in ADP crl-14901 247 12 tina tina PROPN crl-14901 247 13 maragou maragou NOUN crl-14901 247 14 hovekamp hovekamp PROPN crl-14901 247 15 , , PUNCT crl-14901 247 16 '' '' PUNCT crl-14901 247 17 unions union NOUN crl-14901 247 18 and and CCONJ crl-14901 247 19 work work NOUN crl-14901 247 20 attitudes attitude NOUN crl-14901 247 21 : : PUNCT crl-14901 247 22 job job NOUN crl-14901 247 23 satisfaction satisfaction NOUN crl-14901 247 24 , , PUNCT crl-14901 247 25 work work NOUN crl-14901 247 26 values value NOUN crl-14901 247 27 , , PUNCT crl-14901 247 28 and and CCONJ crl-14901 247 29 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14901 247 30 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 247 31 of of ADP crl-14901 247 32 professional professional ADJ crl-14901 247 33 librarians librarian NOUN crl-14901 247 34 " " PUNCT crl-14901 247 35 ( ( PUNCT crl-14901 247 36 ph.d ph.d PROPN crl-14901 247 37 . . PUNCT crl-14901 248 1 diss diss PROPN crl-14901 248 2 . . PROPN crl-14901 248 3 , , PUNCT crl-14901 248 4 university university PROPN crl-14901 248 5 of of ADP crl-14901 248 6 north north PROPN crl-14901 248 7 carolina carolina PROPN crl-14901 248 8 at at ADP crl-14901 248 9 chapel chapel PROPN crl-14901 248 10 hill hill PROPN crl-14901 248 11 , , PUNCT crl-14901 248 12 1993 1993 NUM crl-14901 248 13 ) ) PUNCT crl-14901 248 14 , , PUNCT crl-14901 248 15 75 75 NUM crl-14901 248 16 - - SYM crl-14901 248 17 79 79 NUM crl-14901 248 18 . . NUM crl-14901 249 1 24 24 NUM crl-14901 249 2 . . PUNCT crl-14901 250 1 mowday mowday PROPN crl-14901 250 2 , , PUNCT crl-14901 250 3 porter porter NOUN crl-14901 250 4 , , PUNCT crl-14901 250 5 and and CCONJ crl-14901 250 6 steers steer NOUN crl-14901 250 7 , , PUNCT crl-14901 250 8 employee employee NOUN crl-14901 250 9 - - PUNCT crl-14901 250 10 organization organization NOUN crl-14901 250 11 , , PUNCT crl-14901 250 12 221 221 NUM crl-14901 250 13 . . NUM crl-14901 250 14 25 25 NUM crl-14901 250 15 . . PUNCT crl-14901 251 1 chester chester PROPN crl-14901 251 2 a. a. PROPN crl-14901 251 3 schriesheim schriesheim PROPN crl-14901 251 4 and and CCONJ crl-14901 251 5 annes anne NOUN crl-14901 251 6 . . PUNCT crl-14901 252 1 tsui tsui PROPN crl-14901 252 2 , , PUNCT crl-14901 252 3 " " PUNCT crl-14901 252 4 dual dual ADJ crl-14901 252 5 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 252 6 to to ADP crl-14901 252 7 company company NOUN crl-14901 252 8 and and CCONJ crl-14901 252 9 unions union NOUN crl-14901 252 10 " " PUNCT crl-14901 252 11 ( ( PUNCT crl-14901 252 12 paper paper NOUN crl-14901 252 13 presented present VERB crl-14901 252 14 at at ADP crl-14901 252 15 the the DET crl-14901 252 16 annual annual ADJ crl-14901 252 17 meeting meeting NOUN crl-14901 252 18 of of ADP crl-14901 252 19 the the DET crl-14901 252 20 academy academy NOUN crl-14901 252 21 of of ADP crl-14901 252 22 management management NOUN crl-14901 252 23 , , PUNCT crl-14901 252 24 detroit detroit PROPN crl-14901 252 25 , , PUNCT crl-14901 252 26 1980 1980 NUM crl-14901 252 27 ) ) PUNCT crl-14901 252 28 ; ; PUNCT crl-14901 252 29 idem idem VERB crl-14901 252 30 , , PUNCT crl-14901 252 31 " " PUNCT crl-14901 252 32 measures measure NOUN crl-14901 252 33 of of ADP crl-14901 252 34 attitudes attitude NOUN crl-14901 252 35 toward toward ADP crl-14901 252 36 company company NOUN crl-14901 252 37 and and CCONJ crl-14901 252 38 union union NOUN crl-14901 252 39 : : PUNCT crl-14901 252 40 development development NOUN crl-14901 252 41 and and CCONJ crl-14901 252 42 application application NOUN crl-14901 252 43 " " PUNCT crl-14901 252 44 ( ( PUNCT crl-14901 252 45 paper paper NOUN crl-14901 252 46 presented present VERB crl-14901 252 47 at at ADP crl-14901 252 48 the the DET crl-14901 252 49 annual annual ADJ crl-14901 252 50 meeting meeting NOUN crl-14901 252 51 of of ADP crl-14901 252 52 the the DET crl-14901 252 53 american american PROPN crl-14901 252 54 institute institute PROPN crl-14901 252 55 of of ADP crl-14901 252 56 decision decision NOUN crl-14901 252 57 science science NOUN crl-14901 252 58 , , PUNCT crl-14901 252 59 las las PROPN crl-14901 252 60 vegas vegas PROPN crl-14901 252 61 , , PUNCT crl-14901 252 62 1980 1980 NUM crl-14901 252 63 ) ) PUNCT crl-14901 252 64 . . PUNCT crl-14901 253 1 26 26 NUM crl-14901 253 2 . . PUNCT crl-14901 253 3 dan dan PROPN crl-14901 253 4 r. r. PROPN crl-14901 253 5 dalton dalton PROPN crl-14901 253 6 and and CCONJ crl-14901 253 7 william william PROPN crl-14901 253 8 d. d. PROPN crl-14901 253 9 todor todor PROPN crl-14901 253 10 , , PUNCT crl-14901 253 11 " " PUNCT crl-14901 253 12 antecedents antecedent NOUN crl-14901 253 13 of of ADP crl-14901 253 14 grievance grievance NOUN crl-14901 253 15 filing filing NOUN crl-14901 253 16 behavior behavior NOUN crl-14901 253 17 , , PUNCT crl-14901 253 18 " " PUNCT crl-14901 253 19 academy academy NOUN crl-14901 253 20 of of ADP crl-14901 253 21 management management NOUN crl-14901 253 22 ] ] PUNCT crl-14901 253 23 ournal25(mar ournal25(mar PROPN crl-14901 253 24 . . PROPN crl-14901 253 25 1982 1982 NUM crl-14901 253 26 ): ): PUNCT crl-14901 253 27 158 158 NUM crl-14901 253 28 - - SYM crl-14901 253 29 69 69 NUM crl-14901 253 30 . . NUM crl-14901 253 31 27 27 NUM crl-14901 253 32 . . PUNCT crl-14901 254 1 edward edward PROPN crl-14901 254 2 j. j. PROPN crl-14901 254 3 conlon conlon PROPN crl-14901 254 4 and and CCONJ crl-14901 254 5 daniel daniel PROPN crl-14901 254 6 j. j. PROPN crl-14901 254 7 gallagher gallagher PROPN crl-14901 254 8 , , PUNCT crl-14901 254 9 " " PUNCT crl-14901 254 10 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 254 11 to to ADP crl-14901 254 12 employer employer NOUN crl-14901 254 13 and and CCONJ crl-14901 254 14 union union NOUN crl-14901 254 15 : : PUNCT crl-14901 254 16 effects effect NOUN crl-14901 254 17 of of ADP crl-14901 254 18 membership membership NOUN crl-14901 254 19 status status NOUN crl-14901 254 20 , , PUNCT crl-14901 254 21 " " PUNCT crl-14901 254 22 academy academy NOUN crl-14901 254 23 of of ADP crl-14901 254 24 management management NOUN crl-14901 254 25 ] ] PUNCT crl-14901 254 26 ournal30(mar ournal30(mar PROPN crl-14901 254 27 . . PROPN crl-14901 254 28 1987 1987 NUM crl-14901 254 29 ): ): PUNCT crl-14901 254 30 151 151 NUM crl-14901 254 31 - - SYM crl-14901 254 32 62 62 NUM crl-14901 254 33 . . PUNCT crl-14901 255 1 28 28 NUM crl-14901 255 2 . . PUNCT crl-14901 255 3 simmel simmel PROPN crl-14901 255 4 , , PUNCT crl-14901 255 5 conflict conflict NOUN crl-14901 255 6 , , PUNCT crl-14901 255 7 13 13 NUM crl-14901 255 8 . . NUM crl-14901 255 9 29 29 NUM crl-14901 255 10 . . PUNCT crl-14901 255 11 see see VERB crl-14901 255 12 dean dean PROPN crl-14901 255 13 , , PUNCT crl-14901 255 14 '' '' PUNCT crl-14901 255 15 union union NOUN crl-14901 255 16 activity activity NOUN crl-14901 255 17 , , PUNCT crl-14901 255 18 " " PUNCT crl-14901 255 19 526 526 NUM crl-14901 255 20 · · NUM crl-14901 255 21 stagner stagner NOUN crl-14901 255 22 , , PUNCT crl-14901 255 23 " " PUNCT crl-14901 255 24 dual dual ADJ crl-14901 255 25 allegiance allegiance NOUN crl-14901 255 26 , , PUNCT crl-14901 255 27 " " PUNCT crl-14901 255 28 41 41 NUM crl-14901 255 29 - - SYM crl-14901 255 30 47 47 NUM crl-14901 255 31 · · NUM crl-14901 255 32 purcell purcell NOUN crl-14901 255 33 , , PUNCT crl-14901 255 34 blue blue ADJ crl-14901 255 35 collar collar NOUN crl-14901 255 36 · · PUNCT crl-14901 255 37 fukami fukami NOUN crl-14901 255 38 and and CCONJ crl-14901 255 39 larson larson NOUN crl-14901 255 40 , , PUNCT crl-14901 255 41 " " PUNCT crl-14901 255 42 relationship"/ relationship"/ VERB crl-14901 255 43 angle angle NOUN crl-14901 255 44 and and CCONJ crl-14901 255 45 perry perry NOUN crl-14901 255 46 , , PUNCT crl-14901 255 47 " " PUNCT crl-14901 255 48 dual dual ADJ crl-14901 255 49 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14901 255 50 , , PUNCT crl-14901 255 51 " " PUNCT crl-14901 255 52 31 31 NUM crl-14901 255 53 - - SYM crl-14901 255 54 50 50 NUM crl-14901 255 55 ; ; PUNCT crl-14901 255 56 martin martin PROPN crl-14901 255 57 , , PUNCT crl-14901 255 58 " " PUNCT crl-14901 255 59 dual dual ADJ crl-14901 255 60 allegiance allegiance NOUN crl-14901 255 61 , , PUNCT crl-14901 255 62 " " PUNCT crl-14901 255 63 245 245 NUM crl-14901 255 64 - - NUM crl-14901 255 65 6rauag!fer 6rauag!fer NUM crl-14901 255 66 , , PUNCT crl-14901 255 67 " " PUNCT crl-14901 255 68 relationship relationship NOUN crl-14901 255 69 , , PUNCT crl-14901 255 70 " " PUNCT crl-14901 255 71 319 319 NUM crl-14901 255 72 - - SYM crl-14901 255 73 23 23 NUM crl-14901 255 74 . . PUNCT crl-14901 256 1 a a DET crl-14901 256 2 better well ADJ crl-14901 256 3 way way NOUN crl-14901 256 4 to to PART crl-14901 256 5 search search VERB crl-14901 256 6 databases database NOUN crl-14901 256 7 w w ADP crl-14901 256 8 e e PROPN crl-14901 256 9 started start VERB crl-14901 256 10 in in ADP crl-14901 256 11 1985 1985 NUM crl-14901 256 12 , , PUNCT crl-14901 256 13 database database NOUN crl-14901 256 14 searchers searcher NOUN crl-14901 256 15 committed commit VERB crl-14901 256 16 to to ADP crl-14901 256 17 better well ADJ crl-14901 256 18 search search NOUN crl-14901 256 19 software software NOUN crl-14901 256 20 design design NOUN crl-14901 256 21 . . PUNCT crl-14901 257 1 we we PRON crl-14901 257 2 became become VERB crl-14901 257 3 the the DET crl-14901 257 4 premier premier PROPN crl-14901 257 5 vendor vendor PROPN crl-14901 257 6 of of ADP crl-14901 257 7 medline medline PROPN crl-14901 257 8 , , PUNCT crl-14901 257 9 then then ADV crl-14901 257 10 expanded expand VERB crl-14901 257 11 our our PRON crl-14901 257 12 catalog catalog NOUN crl-14901 257 13 to to ADP crl-14901 257 14 other other ADJ crl-14901 257 15 databases database NOUN crl-14901 257 16 . . PUNCT crl-14901 258 1 last last ADJ crl-14901 258 2 year year NOUN crl-14901 258 3 we we PRON crl-14901 258 4 won win VERB crl-14901 258 5 information information NOUN crl-14901 258 6 world world NOUN crl-14901 258 7 review review NOUN crl-14901 258 8 's 's PART crl-14901 258 9 product product NOUN crl-14901 258 10 of of ADP crl-14901 258 11 the the DET crl-14901 258 12 year year NOUN crl-14901 258 13 for for ADP crl-14901 258 14 faster fast ADJ crl-14901 258 15 , , PUNCT crl-14901 258 16 easier easy ADJ crl-14901 258 17 search search NOUN crl-14901 258 18 software software NOUN crl-14901 258 19 . . PUNCT crl-14901 259 1 but but CCONJ crl-14901 259 2 a a DET crl-14901 259 3 better well ADJ crl-14901 259 4 way way NOUN crl-14901 259 5 means mean VERB crl-14901 259 6 meeting meet VERB crl-14901 259 7 the the DET crl-14901 259 8 evolving evolve VERB crl-14901 259 9 needs need VERB crl-14901 259 10 individual individual NOUN crl-14901 259 11 and and CCONJ crl-14901 259 12 campus campus NOUN crl-14901 259 13 wide wide ADJ crl-14901 259 14 of of ADP crl-14901 259 15 today today NOUN crl-14901 259 16 's 's PART crl-14901 259 17 library library NOUN crl-14901 259 18 users user NOUN crl-14901 259 19 . . PUNCT crl-14901 260 1 announcing announce VERB crl-14901 260 2 ovid ovid PROPN crl-14901 260 3 : : PUNCT crl-14901 260 4 a a DET crl-14901 260 5 database database NOUN crl-14901 260 6 interface interface NOUN crl-14901 260 7 so so ADV crl-14901 260 8 flexible flexible ADJ crl-14901 260 9 it it PRON crl-14901 260 10 molds mold VERB crl-14901 260 11 itself itself PRON crl-14901 260 12 to to ADP crl-14901 260 13 your your PRON crl-14901 260 14 search search NOUN crl-14901 260 15 environment environment NOUN crl-14901 260 16 . . PUNCT crl-14901 261 1 with with ADP crl-14901 261 2 ovid ovid PROPN crl-14901 261 3 you you PRON crl-14901 261 4 're be AUX crl-14901 261 5 free free ADJ crl-14901 261 6 to to PART crl-14901 261 7 move move VERB crl-14901 261 8 /rom /rom PUNCT crl-14901 261 9 one one NUM crl-14901 261 10 operating operate VERB crl-14901 261 11 system system NOUN crl-14901 261 12 to to ADP crl-14901 261 13 another another PRON crl-14901 261 14 without without ADP crl-14901 261 15 retra'ining retra'ine VERB crl-14901 261 16 . . PUNCT crl-14901 262 1 ovid ovid PROPN crl-14901 262 2 's 's PART crl-14901 262 3 common common ADJ crl-14901 262 4 user user NOUN crl-14901 262 5 inter inter PROPN crl-14901 262 6 / / SYM crl-14901 262 7 ace ace PROPN crl-14901 262 8 assures assure NOUN crl-14901 262 9 identical identical ADJ crl-14901 262 10 functionality functionality NOUN crl-14901 262 11 in in ADP crl-14901 262 12 dos do NOUN crl-14901 262 13 , , PUNCT crl-14901 262 14 windows window NOUN crl-14901 262 15 and and CCONJ crl-14901 262 16 unix unix PROPN crl-14901 262 17 . . PUNCT crl-14901 263 1 a a DET crl-14901 263 2 haven haven NOUN crl-14901 263 3 / / SYM crl-14901 263 4 or or CCONJ crl-14901 263 5 beginners beginner NOUN crl-14901 263 6 , , PUNCT crl-14901 263 7 ovid ovid PROPN crl-14901 263 8 's 's PART crl-14901 263 9 easy easy ADJ crl-14901 263 10 mode mode NOUN crl-14901 263 11 has have VERB crl-14901 263 12 on on ADP crl-14901 263 13 screen screen NOUN crl-14901 263 14 prompts prompt NOUN crl-14901 263 15 . . PUNCT crl-14901 264 1 the the DET crl-14901 264 2 more more ADV crl-14901 264 3 experienced experienced ADJ crl-14901 264 4 can can AUX crl-14901 264 5 pull pull VERB crl-14901 264 6 - - PUNCT crl-14901 264 7 down down ADP crl-14901 264 8 menus menus NOUN crl-14901 264 9 showing show VERB crl-14901 264 10 an an DET crl-14901 264 11 array array NOUN crl-14901 264 12 of of ADP crl-14901 264 13 search search NOUN crl-14901 264 14 options option NOUN crl-14901 264 15 . . PUNCT crl-14901 265 1 experts expert NOUN crl-14901 265 2 will will AUX crl-14901 265 3 /eel /eel VERB crl-14901 265 4 at at ADP crl-14901 265 5 home home NOUN crl-14901 265 6 using use VERB crl-14901 265 7 online online ADJ crl-14901 265 8 syntax syntax NOUN crl-14901 265 9 . . PUNCT crl-14901 266 1 search search VERB crl-14901 266 2 with with ADP crl-14901 266 3 natura natura NOUN crl-14901 266 4 / / SYM crl-14901 266 5 language language NOUN crl-14901 266 6 if if SCONJ crl-14901 266 7 you you PRON crl-14901 266 8 like like VERB crl-14901 266 9 . . PUNCT crl-14901 267 1 ovid ovid ADJ crl-14901 267 2 mapping mapping NOUN crl-14901 267 3 cuts cut NOUN crl-14901 267 4 through through ADP crl-14901 267 5 the the DET crl-14901 267 6 mystery mystery NOUN crl-14901 267 7 of of ADP crl-14901 267 8 controlled control VERB crl-14901 267 9 vocabularies vocabulary NOUN crl-14901 267 10 , , PUNCT crl-14901 267 11 homing home VERB crl-14901 267 12 in in ADV crl-14901 267 13 on on ADP crl-14901 267 14 precisely precisely ADV crl-14901 267 15 matching match VERB crl-14901 267 16 subject subject NOUN crl-14901 267 17 headings heading NOUN crl-14901 267 18 . . PUNCT crl-14901 268 1 there there PRON crl-14901 268 2 's be VERB crl-14901 268 3 an an DET crl-14901 268 4 unprecedented unprecedented ADJ crl-14901 268 5 array array NOUN crl-14901 268 6 of of ADP crl-14901 268 7 search search NOUN crl-14901 268 8 tools tool NOUN crl-14901 268 9 indexes index NOUN crl-14901 268 10 , , PUNCT crl-14901 268 11 thesaurz thesaurz NOUN crl-14901 268 12 ; ; PUNCT crl-14901 268 13 limits limit NOUN crl-14901 268 14 and and CCONJ crl-14901 268 15 fields field NOUN crl-14901 268 16 many many ADJ crl-14901 268 17 never never ADV crl-14901 268 18 before before ADP crl-14901 268 19 available available ADJ crl-14901 268 20 in in ADP crl-14901 268 21 an an DET crl-14901 268 22 inter inter ADJ crl-14901 268 23 / / SYM crl-14901 268 24 ace ace NOUN crl-14901 268 25 . . PUNCT crl-14901 269 1 they they PRON crl-14901 269 2 're be AUX crl-14901 269 3 all all PRON crl-14901 269 4 standard standard ADJ crl-14901 269 5 ovid ovid ADJ crl-14901 269 6 features feature NOUN crl-14901 269 7 . . PUNCT crl-14901 270 1 help help VERB crl-14901 270 2 /or /or PUNCT crl-14901 271 1 every every DET crl-14901 271 2 search search NOUN crl-14901 271 3 /unction /unction NOUN crl-14901 271 4 is be AUX crl-14901 271 5 context context NOUN crl-14901 271 6 - - PUNCT crl-14901 271 7 sensitive sensitive ADJ crl-14901 271 8 and and CCONJ crl-14901 271 9 on on ADP crl-14901 271 10 screen screen NOUN crl-14901 271 11 , , PUNCT crl-14901 271 12 never never ADV crl-14901 271 13 more more ADJ crl-14901 271 14 than than SCONJ crl-14901 271 15 a a DET crl-14901 271 16 keystroke keystroke NOUN crl-14901 271 17 or or CCONJ crl-14901 271 18 mouse mouse NOUN crl-14901 271 19 click click VERB crl-14901 271 20 away away ADV crl-14901 271 21 . . PUNCT crl-14901 272 1 ovid ovid PROPN crl-14901 272 2 . . PUNCT crl-14901 273 1 a a DET crl-14901 273 2 better well ADJ crl-14901 273 3 way way NOUN crl-14901 273 4 to to PART crl-14901 273 5 search search VERB crl-14901 273 6 eric eric NOUN crl-14901 273 7 , , PUNCT crl-14901 273 8 current current ADJ crl-14901 273 9 contents~ contents~ PROPN crl-14901 273 10 , , PUNCT crl-14901 273 11 psycinfo~ psycinfo~ ADJ crl-14901 273 12 , , PUNCT crl-14901 273 13 medline medline NOUN crl-14901 273 14 , , PUNCT crl-14901 273 15 readers reader NOUN crl-14901 273 16 ' ' PART crl-14901 273 17 guide guide NOUN crl-14901 273 18 abstracts abstract NOUN crl-14901 273 19 , , PUNCT crl-14901 273 20 embase embase NOUN crl-14901 273 21 and and CCONJ crl-14901 273 22 more more ADJ crl-14901 273 23 . . PUNCT crl-14901 274 1 cd cd PROPN crl-14901 274 2 plus plus CCONJ crl-14901 274 3 technologies technology NOUN crl-14901 274 4 new new PROPN crl-14901 274 5 york york PROPN crl-14901 274 6 800 800 NUM crl-14901 274 7 - - NUM crl-14901 274 8 950 950 NUM crl-14901 274 9 - - PUNCT crl-14901 274 10 2035/212 2035/212 NUM crl-14901 274 11 -563 -563 PROPN crl-14901 274 12 -3006 -3006 PROPN crl-14901 274 13 london london PROPN crl-14901 274 14 44 44 NUM crl-14901 274 15 ( ( PUNCT crl-14901 274 16 0)81 0)81 NOUN crl-14901 274 17 -748 -748 PROPN crl-14901 274 18 - - SYM crl-14901 274 19 3777 3777 NUM crl-14901 274 20 amsterdam amsterdam PROPN crl-14901 274 21 20 20 NUM crl-14901 274 22 -672 -672 PROPN crl-14901 274 23 -0242 -0242 PROPN