College and Research Libraries By CHARLES F. GOSNELL With the Assistance of Students at Columbia U niversity1 College and University Library News, 1943"44 Dr. Gosnell is librarian of Queens College and associate in the School of Library Serv- ice_, Columbia University. F INAL ADJUSTMENT to war conditions, and postwar planning, hold the spotlight in this, the twentieth periodic survey of college and university library activities. 2 As in the past, the effort is to present a truthful outline rather than an exhaustive catalog of events. Due, doubtless, to lack of time to prepare reports and lack of paper on which to print them, the bulk of the news is still less than that of a year ago, but trends which were then observable are even more clearly marked. That adjustments to wartime conditions 1 The students who helped to gather the material are: Selda Argentineau, Nancy B. Axtell, Anna J, Bessarab, Edna K. Dana, Mary C. Landrigan, Rose A. Lyons, Evelyn M. Schmidt, Lucille Simcoe, and Lora J, Wheeler. z This series has become traditional as the con- tribution of Ernest J, Reece under the sponsorship of the Conference of Eastern College Librarians. His in_creased duties as asspciate dean of the School of Ltbrary Service of-Columbia University have prevented him from continuing. College and Research Libraries 5:148-55, x6o, March 1944, contains his summary for the year 1942-43, as well as references to previous articles · in the series. The present compiler strives to · follow the trail which Prof. Reece has so ca'refully and successfully blazed. This article was read by title at the meeting of the conference at Columbia University on Nov. 25, 1944. It is based primarily on material appearing in publications issued between Oct. 3 I, 1943, and Nov. I, 1944. Copious footnotes are supplied for the convenience of those who may wish in full the information which is summarized here. These footnotes are made as brief as possible, and the following abbreviations are u.sed: A.L.A.B.-American Library Association Bulle- tm: C. & R.L.-College and Research Libraries; L.Q. -Library Quarterly'; S.&S.-School and Society; W.L.B.-Wilson Library Bullet-in. and obligations have been the primary busi- ness and concern·· of librarians in colleges and universities is amply illustrated by ref- erences in current professional literature. Our entire system of higher education has been markedly affected. A complete and current chronicle of daily and weekly de- velopments, with occasional references to libraries, has appeared as a bulletin Higher Education and National Defense_, published by the American Council on Education. A comprehensive summary of events has been published by Miller and Brooks. 3 In terms of registration, publicly con- trolled colleges and universities lost 51.3 per cent of their enrolments, while private and church colleges lost only 35-7 per cent. The total decrease in men students was 68.5 per cent, while that of women · was 7·7 per cent, according to estimate by the U.S. Office of Education.• The contributions of the libraries, par- ticularly in training members of the armed forces in the Army Specialized Training Program and other units and in providing materials for important research projects, have been summarized . by Temple5 and Little, 6 while GilF has reported for Ca- · 3 Miller, J. H., and Brooks, D. V. N. The Role of . Higher Education in War and After. Harper, 1944. 22 2p. 4 L. J. 69 :689; American Association of University Professors Bulletin 30:264-83. 11 c.&R.L. s:3-x6. 6 S .&S. 59 :2'82-85. T C.&R.L. 5 :99•104, 148 COLLEGE AND RESEARCH LIBRARIES nadian libraries. There have been various discussions of special phases, ranging from that of collecting local war history materials • by KingS to allotments for library service to Army and Navy units. 9 The full impact of the war, and the .diversity of responses, is illustrated· by the numerous reports from individual libraries. Michigan has cooperated with various war research projects and extended its services to the gigantic war plants in its area.10 Rutgers, likewise, is giving reference serv- ice to nearby ·chemical and manufacturing plants. 11 At Rochester the library has es- tablished a lending collection of war films. 12 Benjamin Chubak, at City College, has com- piled a new edition of his Bihlio!Jraphy of Morale. 13 From the University of California there is the report of a 50 per cent drop in circu- lation, due to decreased enrolment and a shift from liberal arts to technical courses, while there has been an increase in inter- library loans and other special uses, and staff turnover has been a problem. 14 Special · reports on library use by Army Specialized Training Program and other groups have been made· by Bard,t5 Fenn,16 and Georgia School of Technology. 17 Use by WAVEs was reported by Georgia State College for W omen. 18 An enlarged library for nurses was opened at Western Reserve. 19 Rad- cliffe reported increased fines for overdue books and withdrawal of the privilege of home use · of phonograph records because of restrictions on production. 20 8 C.&R.L. 5:291-99. 11 L.J. 69:314. 10 Michigan University. President's Report for 1942·43. p. 231. 11 Rutgers University. Report of the President, 1942•43. p. 75· . 12 C.&R.L. 5 :238-41. 1a Bulletin of Bibliography 18:52. 14 C.&R.L. 5 :2o3-o6, 331-34. 10 W.L.B. 18:599-603. 16 L.J. 69:184-87. 17 L.J. 69:11-13. 18 L.J. 69:592. • 111 L.J. 69:894. 20 Radcliffe College. Official Register. 9:47. MARCHJ 1945 Postwar Plannin!l As war problems ' were met and under- stood, and as confidence in an ultimate victory became secure, hopes for a quick return to peace flourished. Yet it was clear tha.t to win and secure a lasting peace would be a task no less difficult than mili- tary success and that sound and farsighted planning was essential. Leaders of thought in higher education had for several years been restudying funda- mental problems of the philosophy, pur- poses, objectives, and means of higher education, while war conditions gave further emphasis to old questions, raised some new ones, and created a natural transi- tion point. A comprehensive listing of issues and a full bibliography were pub- lished by the U.S. Office of Education. 21 Other contributions came from Stoddard, 22 Nash, 23 and the North Central Associa- tion.24 Much of the discussion was directed to redefinition of "liberal education." The contributions of Aydelotte, 25 Henderson, 26 Tead/7 and the American ·Council of Learned Societies Commission28 may be cited as outstanding. There were many references to the prob- lems of the returning veterans, and Higher Education and National Defense continued to bring news in this field. The mechanics of the veteran's re-entry into the academic world are of relatively little concern to the libraries, while his problems of curriculum n U.S. Office of Education. Conference Workbook on Problems of Postwar Higher Education. Washing- ton, G.P.O. I944· 38p. 22 Stoddard, G. D. Tertiary Education. Cambridge, Harvard U.P., 1944. 36p. 23 Nash, A. S. The University and the Modern World. Macmillan, I 944. 3 I 2p. u North Central Association Quarterly. 19:171-89. Cooper, R. M. and others. Better Colleges-Better Teachers. Macmillan, 1944. 167p. 25 Aydelotte, F. Breaking the Academic Lockstep. Harper, 1944. I83p. ' 26 Henderson, A. D. Vitalizing Liberal Education. Harper, 1944. 202p . . 27 Association of American Colleges Bulletin 30 :308· r6. · 28 Liberal Education Re-examined. Harper, 1943 . I34P· 149 I · I· ' , • are one phase of the general reorganization of the college offering. A recent discussion of. the veteran's education while in the services is that by McGrath. 29 Many administrative units and individ- ual institutions have developed their own plans. In New York State the regents have published a comprehensive program .to improve teacher training, to establish . a chain . of technical institutes, and through scholarships and otherwise to raise the level of · the st~te contribution to higher educa- tion.30 General consideration of postwar plan- ning for libraries in higher institutions has been the subject of papers by Carlson,.31 Shaw, 32 and Iiams. 33 Wilson devoted a section in his memorandum to college and r~search libraries. 34 Few plans have as yet been announced at individual institutions, but Colby is an exception.35 The trend is clearly marked, however, in one wartime innovation, the "War Information Center," which in Col- gate36 and lndiana37 was reported to have become a "Postwar Information Center." In many instances, building programs are the most concrete form of planning; . these will be described in a later section. Many postwar plans are admittedly "postwar" chiefly in a temporal rather than in a causal sense,. and it is logical to in~lude in this category some statements and plans which do not bear that term. On the other hand, no postwar plan can be com- _plete without taking into account Wilson's challenging presentation38 of the library's 29 Journal of H igher Education 15 :343 -50. · 30 Regents Plan for Postwar Education in the State of New York. Albany, University of the State of New York, 1944. 64p. 11 A. L .A. B. 38:37. 12 C.&R.L. 5:19-20. 38 S.&. S. 59: 268-69. M Wilson, L. R. Library Planning. · A.L.A., IQ44· 93P· . . as L.J. 6g :342. • 18 L .. 6g:IJ2•34· 17 L .. 69:103·05 . 38 C.&R.L. 5 :126·33. role in college instruction . or Rider's sug- gestions abou.t micro-cards. 39 · The flow of individual surveys . has diminished, but there are three which re- quire mention: Rider's self-survey and policy report at ·Wesleyan/0 Brown's pro- gram for Tuskegee, 41 and the Wisconsin survey by Blegen and Metcal£.42 Administration As administration is the tool by which the services of · libraries are effected and improved, it is to be expected that adminis- trative problems will . continue to receive much attention. Librarians appear to have been relatively fortunate in being able to continue working at many problems of long- time significance while their superiors, the college and university presid~nts and trustees, have been forced . to devote almost , all their energies to wartime difficulties, as exemplified by Cain's study.43 Thus the comprehensive treatise by Russell on The Finance of Higher Education 44 is an excep- tion and especially welcome for its frequent references to the library. · Some .of the administrative jacts about college and university libraries have been gathered and published by the U.S. Office of Education/5 while the annual A.L.A. compilation for a select group appeared as usual.46 · Trends in library .and_ total . uni- .versity expenditure have been analyzed by · Ill Rider, F. The Scholar ·and the Future o.f the Research Library. New York, Hadham Press, 1944· 236p. 40 Wesleyan University Library : an Analysis of its Past History, Present Position and Possible Future Policy . Middletown, Conn ., The Wesl eyan Univer- sit y ~ibrary, 1943 . 126p. 41 Brown, C. H. A Program for the Development of the Library of Tuskegee Institute. Ames, Iowa, 1944. . 18p. · c L.J. 68:gs6. a Cain, J; H. College Investments under War Conditions. Wa shington, American Council on E d u - cation, 1 944. '"Russell,,. D. The Finance of Higher Education. University o Chicago Bookstore, 1944. 361p. 411 U.S. Office of Education. Bienn~al Survey •.• I938-4o. College and University Library Statistics, I939-40. (Vol. II, chap. VI) Washington, G.P.O., 1943· 105P- 41 C.&R.L. 5 :x65-75. 150 COLLEGE AND RESEARCH LIBRARIES Ellsworth. 47 Three studies have been made of special groups, including higher institu- tions in the North Central Association,48 teacher-training institutions, 49 and Negro colleges. 50 Turnover in personnel continued to be a vexing problem, referred to in numerous reports. Among the results were a slight decrease in size of staff, some lowering of requirements in experience and training, and some increases in salaries. These were largely sporadic effects, and no concerted attack on the difficulty developed or even seemed feasible. Trent outlined the possi- bilities of the person~el administrator in libraries as in business. 51 A committee of California presidents was reported52 pre- paring a new classification and pay plan for state college librarians. A report was presented to the Board of Higher Educa- tion of New York City on the status and salaries of library assistants in the four city colle.ges. 53 The scheme of classification and pay plans appeared after several years of prepa- ration by a subcommittee of the A.L.A. Board on Salaries, Staff, and Tenure.5_4 H. M. Brown reported on conditions gov- erning the appointment and work of stu- dent assistants. 55 Satory discussed rank and tenure in Catholic college libraries. 56 Some thought was given to the desira- bility of conferring a master's degree in- stead of a second bachelor's degree for the first year of graduate study, in order to put college and school librarians on an equal 47 L.Q. 14:t-8. 48 North Central Association Quarterly 18:293-308. 41 Education for Victory 2!13·14, Nov. I, 1943. 150 Journal of Negro Educat'~on 12:623-29. 51 C.&R.L. s :322-26. 52 C.&R.L. s :191. 111 The Library Association of the Four Municipal Colleges of New York. A RePorl on the Status of Ubrary Assistants under the I943 Amendments to the State Education Law. 1944. 4P· 114 American Library 'Association. Board on Salaries, Staff, and Tenure. Classification and Pay Plans for Libraries in Institutions of Higher Education. Chi- cago, A.L.A., 1943. 3 vols. as C.&R.L. S!44·!i2. . &e Catholic Educational Review 42 :342·47. MARCH~ 1945 footing with their colleagues who recetve the master's degree for their first year of graduate work in other subjects, but no definite move can be reported. . There was relatively little activity in the field of cataloging and bibliography, perhaps because attention was attracted to war ac- tiVIties. Progress in publication of the Library of, Congress Catalog continued to a point where many college libraries found themselves in possession of a very valuable and timesaving, although still incomplete, tool. 57 Knapp reported on her research into the use of the subject catalog. 58 Met- calf and Williams presented concrete pro- posals for defining subject fields of responsibility for acquisition and coopera- tive cataloging of current foreign books and pamphlets. 59 A move toward consolidation ·of catalogs . was reported at Wisconsin.60 The official catalog at New York U niver"" sity was · ~eriously damaged by fire, possibly incendiary.61 Expanding Activities Evidence that the concept of the library's place is continuing to expand, is to be found in the development of activities beyc,md the mere servicing of books. Johnson reported on a quick survey of the use of audio-visual aids. 62 · A music listening room with a phonograph and collection of records was opened at Flora Stone Mather College of Western Reserve University, 63 apd Union College reorganized it§ collection of' disks.64 At Swarthmore, Librarian Shaw delivered a series of five lectures on contemporary typography. 65 In the children's room of the library of Ohio University, a series of panels illustrating · de~ocracy . and the four free- 117 L.J. 68:869-71. 1!8 L.Q. I4!I08 -r8, 214·28. 119 C.&R.L. s:xos-o9. 00 Journal of Higher Education IS :ro9. 11 The writer served as consultant to the adjusters. 82 C.&R.L. 5 :341·46. 83 L.J. 69:766. .. L.J. 69!2'II·12. «~ L.J. 68 :xoo4. 151 doms was executed as a master's thesis in art.66 A continued effort at public relations in the usual channels was to be seen in ex- hibits. Reagan presented a survey in this field. 67 Two unusual exhibits bear special mention, one of the works of Alabama artists at Birmingham-Southern 6 8 and one at Colgate, which is believed, to have "hexed" certain dictators. 69 The responsibilities of the librarian for having students k~ow how to use the library received new emphasis at Case70 and the Citadel 71 and in the remedial reading pro- gram presented at Minnesota by Triggs.72 A survey of "Friends of the Library" groups was reported by Allen. 73 A new group was started at Oregon State Col- lege.74 Colby reported on its publishing activities as a factor in developing interest. 75 Texas began publication of a Library Chronicle~ and Emory continued- with its series of "Sources and Reprints." 76 Buildings A revival of interest in new library build- ings and additions was evident. Virtually all construction has been stopped by war conditions; only as a general program of postwar construction was called for could librarians see much hope in planning and getting the blueprints ready. Little in- formation has appeared in print. For teach- ers' college buildings a new checklist has been prepared by Al~ander.77 The L i brary Journal instituted a column on buildings 66 L.J. 6o : 1o6-o8 . ., C.&R.L. 5:246-58. 68 W.L.B. 18:742. 89 L.J. 69 :77o. 70 Jou rnal of Chemical Education 21:369-71. 71 Education 64:183 -85 . 72 Tri gg s, F. 0. R em edi al R endin g: th e Diag nosis and Correcti on of Reading Diffi culties at the Co/lege Level. Minneapolis, University of Minnesota Press. 1943. z'r9p. 73 C.&R.L. 5 :347-49. 74 L .J. 69 =77· 711 C. &R .L. 5 :71-74· 76 C.&R.L. 5:286. 77 Alexander, C. Tomorrow's Libraries for Teachers Colleges. American Association of Teachers Colleges. 1944. 6op. and equipment. 78 Some building projects received tentative approval as items for a postwar public works program, while others were to be built with contributions from alumni and other donors; some are well advanced in planning, while some are as yet little more than wishes or hopes. On some campuses, com- plete new buildings are envisioned; on others, existing buildings are to be altered and extended. The following list of insti- tutiot:ts looking forward to new facilities has been compiled from published references and correspondence: Baldwin-Wallace, Bates, Brooklyn, California Medical School, City College (New York), 79 Colby, Colgate, Cooper Union, Cornell State College of Home Economics, Georgia School of Tech- nology, Greenville College, 80 Harvard (for undergraduates), Illinois, Iowa, Maryland, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Michigan State, Mills, Mount Union, New York University (Washington Square), Otterbein,81 Pennsylvania, Prince- ton, Queens, 82 Rutgers, Smith, Stephen F. Austin State Teachers, Texas, U.S. Naval Academy, Villanova, University of Wash- ington, Washington State College, 83 Wellesley, Wisconsin State Teachers, Uni- versity of Wisconsin. 84 Acquisitions The thought and planning that have long been applied to buildings are now coming to be used on ' the acquisition of library resources. The collection is no longer thought of as an amorphous mass but as a purposeful and planned assembly of useful parts, from which the extraneous is ex- cluded. Librarians have lost hope that any 78 L .J. 69:662. 711 L.J. 68:1030. 10 L.J. 68:1030. 11 Association of American . Colleges .Bulletin 30:187. 82 L.J. 69:766. Proposed L~brary Bu~lding for Que ens College. A Report . . . by the Library Bwilding Com- m ittee. Flus hing, N.Y., 1944. 23p. 83 L.J. 68:1030. a.L.J. 68: 9 56; 69:122. 152 COLLEGE AND RESEARCH LIBRARIES library can have everything and are coming to believe that no library should even want to have everything. . It is thus significant that the Association of Research Libraries devoted its meeting of March I 944 to problems of the division of responsibility for acquisition and recording of research materials.85 A successful ex- ample of cooperative effort on a smaller scale is the New England Deposit Library. 86 Other libraries have given thought to vari- ous storage plans for less used books, in- cluding California. 87 At least one attempt has been made to state in objective terms the length of the useful life of college li- brary books-when they are replaced or superseded by newer titles and when they may be discarded. 88 A series of research projects on the ade- quacy of book collections in subject fields was surveyed by Fay, their sponsor. She also discussed the selection of · periodicals and their usefulness in book reviewing.89 Rider's proposal of micro-cards was a startling challenge to miles of shelves of little used research materials, 90 but there were those who asked whether, if ~cquisi­ tion and storage of still more titles was to be made so simple and inexpensive, librari- ans would slip back into the easy habit of acquiring and keeping everything. Books and other materials actually seemed to come in at a pace faster than building can be done to accommodate them, although no spectacular acquisitions were recorded. Van Male91 continued the series of su~veys of notable additions begun by Downs, and no attempt will be made to duplicate the work here. It is well, how- ~ver, to note the recognition that comes to s:i Association of Research Libraries. Minutes of the 21st M eeting. March 1 and 2, 1944. See also C.&R.L. 5:I 0 5 -0 9. 86 C.&R.L. 5 : z t-28. 81 C.&R.L. 5:28-30. 88 C.&R.L. 5: I I 5- 2 5. 811 C.&R.L. 5:207-16. 90 Op. cit. 91 L.Q. 14:132-58. MARCHJ 1945 libraries in the form of gifts of books or funds. As usual, the larger libraries have at- tracted a major share of the benefactions. Among the gifts reported at Harvard were the collection of the Roosevelt Memorial Association92 and a Gutenberg Bible,93 while the American Board of Commission-. ers for Foreign Missions deposited its archives there. 94 Yale reported receipt of a gift of 2,600 volumes on Italy, 95 22 medi- eval manuscripts,116 and several collec- tions of correspondence and personal papers, including those of Sholom Asch, 97 Sara Teasdale,98 Sir Wilfred Grenfell, 99 Frank L. Polk/ 00 and Alexander Biddle.101 Co- lumbia received collections of modern first editions, Lincoln material, early pri~ting, classics, music, and the Gonzalez-Prada papers.102 Illinois received a collection of music in memory of Rafael J oseffy. 103 To Ohio State came seven hundred volumes on welding ;104 to Virginia, the letterbooks of John Randolph ;105 to Pennsylvania, a Whitman and a medieval art collection ;106 to Fisk, a Gershwin collection ;107 to the Joint University Libraries, English litera- ture ;108 to Williams, editions and manu- scripts of Edwin Arlington Robinson and drawings by Thomas N ast ;109 to Rutgers, books on architecture ;110 to Franklin, American literature ;111 to Kansas State, items on home economics ;112 to Kentucky, 92 C.&R.L. 5:86. 93 C.&R.L. 5:376. "' C.&R.L. 5 : 2'86. 115 C.&R.L. 5:190. 96 C.&R.L. 5 :376. &T C.&R.L. 5 :z8 6. 91 C.&R.L. 5 :286. 99 Yale University Library Gazette I8 :44-46. 100 C.&R.L. 5:190. 101 C.&R.L. 5:190. 102 Inform ation from Acqu isition Department of Co- lumbia University Libraries. 108 C.&R.L. 5:378. 104 L.J. 68:944. 1011 C.&R.L. 5:377. 1oo C.&.R.L. 5:86, 376. 107 L.J. 69 :zoo. 108 C.&R.L. 5:377. 100 Williams College. Annual RePort of the Li- brarian, 1943-44, p . 2. 110 Rutgers University Library. Jou rnal 7:64. m C.&R-.L. 5:378. 112 C.&R.L. 5!191. 153 the. library of Cale Young Rice, Kentucky poet ;113 to N orthwestern 114 and to Hol- lins, 115 incunabula and other early books; and · to Oberlin, foreign language records.116 Fewer than the usual gifts of money were recorded. They generally took the form of memorial funds for specific purchases. ·The Lou Henry Hoover fund was established for ·the Hoover War Li- brary at Stanford.117 Three funds of ·one thousand dollars. each were set up at Rad- cliffe.118 Texas Wesleyan received two hundred dollars for religious books.119 Western State, at Bowling Green, Ky.; received five hundred dollars from the Mc- Gregor fund for Americana, 120 and the Women's College of North Carolina re- ceived a gift to purchase the Orr etchings of that state.121 Yale received one hundred dollars from a group of Navy officers to buy athletic books in memory of one of their fellow officers. 122 Six hundred dollars was added to the Dick fund at Washington College, Chesterton, Md. 123 While personal libraries of professors are not the tradition they once were, it is significant that transfers of six were re- ported. The classics library of Gonzalez Lodge went to Colu~bia/24 that of H. L. Rietz on mathematics to Iowa/25 and that of Charles McLean Andrews on history to Yale.126 Texas Christian received two such collections, those of R. A. Smith and W. C. Morro. 127 That of J. B. Pratt was purchased by the class of I 9 I 4 and given 111 C.&R.L. 5:286. 114 Journal of Higher Education IS :273-74. 116 C.&R.L. s :86, 118 Oberlin ·College. Annual Report of the President, I 942-43, p. 5· nT C.&.R.L. 5:286. 118 Radcliffe College. Official Register, Q :49. 111 Texas Library Association News Notes, February 1944· 120 C.&R.L. 5:378. 121 C.&R.L. 5 :r9o. 122 C.&R.L. 5:376. 121 Association of American Colleges Bull~ tin 29: 542•43· 124 Information supplied by Acquisition Department, Columbia University Libraries. 1211 C.&R.L. ~ :378. · 128 Yale Umversity Library Gazette 18 :6.1;66. 121 C.&R.L. 5 :87. to Williams. 128 The late W. J. Showalter, chief of research for the National Geo- graphic Magazine 1 bequeathed his books to Bridgewater.129 · Acquisitions en bloc continued, although many institutions were holding funds for reopening of the European book market. California acquired the John Henry Nash typographic collection 130 and, for the Ban- croft Library, collections of Colombian and Venezuelan material. 181 Southern Cali- fornia has received a group of serial sets in natural history and a Hamlin Garland collection.182 Texas acquired for its medi- cal school, books on anesthesia ;133 Iowa, some on music ;184 Indiana, source material on the Revolutionary War and War of I 8 I 2 ;135 Wayne, the Hooker scientific li- brary ;1-36 Virginia, Jefferson manuscripts ;137 and Yale, a Boethius manuscript.138 Texas A. & M. made a special appropriation for tropical agriculture and veterinary medi- cin~/39 while Denver sent its librarian to Mexico to buy books.140 Increasing dependence on microfilm was noted at Michigan, where a special program has been going on. 141 Bontemps made an inventory of Negroana collections and their growth, including those of Howard, Fisk, Oberlin, Cornell, Duke, and North Caro- lina.142 Librarians in War Service The names of many are on the A.L.A. and other honor rolls for service in the 128 Williams College. Annual Repo1·t of the Li- brarian, 1943-44, p. 2, 129 Association of American Colleges. Bulletin 2Q: 541. 130 C.&R.L. 5:379. 181 C.&R.L. 5:191. 132 C.&R.L. 5:379. 133 C.&R.L. 5:377. 134 C.&R.L. 5 :287. 185 C.&R.L. 5:87, 287. 186 C.&R.L. 5:191. 111 C.&R.L. 5:190. 138 Yale University Gazette 18:46-47. 139 Texas Library Association News Notes, February 1944· 140 L.J. 69:172. 141 University of Michigan. President's Report for 1942-43, p, 2'30. 142 L.Q. 14:t87-2o6. 154 COLLEGE AND RESEARCH LIBRARIES armed forces. · No · listing here, even of Homeric proportions, could hope to be complete, and no tribute worthy of their sacrifices. They, rather than those of us who . stay at home, are carrying the chief burden of preserving our way of life, in- cluding our libra:r;ies and the institutions they serve. Pr-ofessional contributions of · great im- portance came from Carl M. White, of Columbia, who was designated by the ·U.S. Department of State to establish closer working · relations between Chinese and American groups concerned with library matters ;143 from Evelyn Steel .Little, of Mills, who served with the British Branch of the Office ~f War .Information ;144 and from Flora B. Ludington in India.145 As · librarian of the biggest university of all, special mention must be made of Lt. · Col. Ray L. Trautman, formerly of Queens College, who is chief of Army library service in the Special Services Division.146 . Personnel Changes As in the year before, there have been more than the usual number of changes in personnel. Among the new head li- brarians are: W. Stanley Hoole at Ala- bama/47 Anne Jensen at American,148 Donald Rod at Augustana, 149 James W. Pugsley at Baldwin-Wall ace, 150 Esther Greene at Barnard, 151 Mabel Eaton at Bates/52 Mary W. Bledsoe at Bishop/53 H. G. Bousfield at Brooklyn/54 L. C. Powell at California in Los Angeles/ 55 Eugene H. Wilson at Colorado/ 56 Alice 143 L.J. 69:896. :J.oU C.&R.L. 5:88; L.J. 69:896. 1411 L.J. 69:661 . . 1 '" L.J. 6g :791-94; A.L.A.B. 38:409. 147 C.&R.L. 5:364. 148 L.J. 69 :8g6. 149 c.&R.L. s:1g1. 150C.&R.L. s:lg2. l& C.&R.L. 5:365. 15.2 Bates College. Report of the President, 1943-44, p. 18. 1M L.J. 6g :613. lMC.&R.L. 5:365; L.J. 69:612. uzc.&R.L. 5:366; L.J. 69:661. llie C.&R.L. 5 :284. MARCH~ 1945 Spengler at Colorado Woman's College/57 Hazel Johnson at Connecticut College for Wom·en, 158 Mildred Singleton at Elm- hurst/59 Arna · Bontemps· af Fisk, 160 Ruth D. Harris at Hastings, 161 Carrie L. Brit- tain at High Point/62 Ralph E. Ellsworth at Iowa/63 Catherine 0. Vaughn at Ken- tucky State College for N egroes,164 Joseph S. Jackson at Kenyon/65 Rosita H. Hollar at McMurry/66 John E. Van · Male . at Madi.son/ 67 Carrol H. Quenzel at Mary W ashington?68 Frank A. Lundy at N e- braska/69 J ens Nyholm at N orthwestern,t 70 John H. Moriarty at Purdue/11 Sister Conchessa Keegan at St. Benedict, 172 Thomas R"' Barcus at Saskatchewan/73 Eugenia Maddox at Tulsa,174 and May- belle Taylor at York.175 Among appointments in teachers col- leges were: W: W. Smiley at Eastern Carolina, 176 Mildred · Gingherick at Flag- staf£,177 Arthur M. McAnally at Mil- waukee/78 Hester Hoffman at Oswego/79 Felix E. Snider at Southeastern Mis- souri, 180 Donald Ferguson at Valley City/81 and VIvian Boughter at West Liberty.182 Major responsibilities fell to three who became assistant directors at Columbia: Stephen A. McCarthy in general adminis- tration/83 Maurice F. Tauber in technical 1M L.J. 69:896. 151 C.&R.L. 5 :I92- lll9 C.&R.L. 5:191. 100 c.&R.L. 5:284; L.J. 68:xoxs. 161 L.J. 69:613- lC L.J. 69:167. 163 C.&R.L. 5:283. 1 " C.&R.L. 5 :89. 1815 c.&R.L. 5:192. 181 L.J. 69:768. 16TL.J. 69:162. 168 C.&R.L. 5 :IQ2. 100 C.&R.L. 5 :283. lTO C.&R.L. 5:284. 171 C.&R.L. 5:363. 172 L.J. 6g:6IJ. 173 C.&R.L. 5: IQ.2. m L.J. 68 :902. 176 L.J. 69:896. 176 L.J. 68: I 058. m L.J. 69:896. 178L,J, 69:661. 1111 L.J. 69:896. 180 L.J. 69:407. 111 L.J. 69:214. w L.J. 69 :79. us C.&R.L. 5 :2'83. 15-5 services, and Thomas P. Fleming m readers' services.18~ E. G. Freehafer re- turned to Brown as assistant librarian.185 1. Louis Kuethe became assistant librarian at 1 ohns Hopkins.186 Though many are away, those who re- main at home have the duty of preserving and as far as possible enhancing the institu- tions for which all are fighting. At many libraries interim appointments have been made while the heads are on military or other leave. The following have recently been announced: L. · C. Burke at Wiscon- sin, acting for Gilbert H. Doane ;187 Lucy E. Fay at Temple, for ]. P. Danton ;188 Lydia M. Gooding at Mount Holyoke, for Flora B. Ludington ;189 Ruth M. Gray at Drew, for 0. G. Lawson ;190 and Esther M. Hill, for Donald C. Davidson at Redlands. 191 In recognition of their outstanding serv- ices, special honors have come to at least three. William F. Yust was cited on Founders' Day for his services to Rollins l&i C.&R.L. 5:361. 185 C.&R.L. 5:366. 186 C.&R.L. 5 !192. 187C.&R.L. 5:zgz; L.J. 69:r26. 188 L.J. 69:896. 189 C.&R.L. 5 :3 64 ; L.J. 69 :66z. 190 L.J. 69:360. 191 C.&R.L. 5:19 2. College.192 George A. Osborn, Rutgers, was honored at a testimonial dinner.193 Mrs. Hazel W. · Byrnes, State Teachers College, Mayville, N.D., was declared the "woman of the year in administrative edu- cation" at the convention of the North Dakota Education Association.19~ Among those who have paused to rest, and to seek relaxation and greater leisure, are Asa Don Dickinson, who retired from Brooklyn College/95 Mary E. Baker, Ten- nessee, 196 Bertha L. Rockwell, Barnard, 197 Sadie T. Kent, Southeast Missouri/ 98 Bettie A. M urfree, Middle Tennessee/99 and Delia G. Ovitz, Milwaukee. 200 The losses by death · that h~ve come to notice are those of Robert 1. Usher of Tulane, 201 Gerald G. Wilder of Bow- doin,202 Anne S. Duncan of Iowa State Teachers, 203 and Alice Graham of Lewis and Clark.20~ 192 L.J. 6g:JI 2, 193 L.J. 69:509. 194 L.J. 69 !79· 196 C.&R.L. 5:357-58, 67; L.J. 69:509. 196 C.&R.L. 5:359. 197 L.J. 69 =39· 198 C.&R.L. 5 :88. 100 C.&R.L. 5 :379. 200 L.J. 69:768. 201 L.J. 69:823. 202L.J. 69:66r. 203 L.J. 69 =472 . . »~ L.J. 69:79. Scholarships at Western Reserve THE ScHOOL OF LIBRARY SciENCE of Western Reserve University" will offer eight half-tuition scholarships for the regular session of I945-46. The awards will be open to college graduates who meet the standards of scholarship and personal qualifications set by the admission committee. Application for these scholarships should be filed before May I. Awards will be announced May I 5. 156 COLLEGE AND RESEARCH LIBRARIES