College and Research Libraries


but f r o m an intense desire on the p a r t of the 
personnel of the W o r k s h o p to " b e p r o f e s -
s i o n a l . " 

4. T h e time-span of only five days w a s 
much too limited to permit the adequate 
f o r m u l a t i o n of concepts and principles of the 
magnitude h e r e considered. 

5. T h e concept of the sponsors r e g a r d i n g 
the relation of p r o f e s s i o n a l practice to educa-
tional theory w a s in e r r o r . T h e function of 
education is not to follow but to lead. A d -
mittedly the educator w o u l d be w e l l advised 
to submit his " f i n d i n g s " to the p r o f e s s i o n , at 
f r e q u e n t i n t e r v a l s , f o r criticism and e v a l u a -
tion, but the basic responsibility f o r educa-
tional advance is his alone. T h a t the G r a d u -
ate L i b r a r y School, under the leadership of 
W i l s o n , W a p l e s , J o e c k e l , B u t l e r , R a n d a l l , 
C a r n o v s k y , and their immediate successors, 
achieved such m a r k e d success is l a r g e l y to be 
attributed to the f a c t that it k n e w v e r y w e l l 
w h a t it w a s about. I t w a s quite s e l f - s u f f i -
c i e n t ; it f e l t no need to ask the p r o f e s s i o n 
which w a y p r o g r e s s l a y ; and it relentlessly 
and uncompromisingly blazed its o w n t r a i l 
through the tangled w i l d e r n e s s of uncertainty 
and doubt, a t r a i l that the p r o f e s s i o n soon 
w o r e into a w e l l - b e a t e n path. 

B u t to this r e v i e w e r the most disturbing 
result of the W o r k s h o p w a s its insistance that 
at least a portion of the " c o r e " be t a u g h t at 
the u n d e r g r a d u a t e level, and that " s t u d e n t s 
w h o have had this u n d e r g r a d u a t e training in 
l i b r a r y subjects be permitted to demonstrate 
their m a s t e r y of 'duplicated' course content 
t h r o u g h e x a m i n a t i o n r a t h e r than through 
h a v i n g to r e t a k e courses w i t h s i m i l a r titles 
and content." ( p . 3 5 ) I n vain L e R o y M e r r i t t 
and W i l l i a m W i l l i a m s o n a r g u e d that such a 
recommendation w o u l d dilute the basic gen-
e r a l education of g r a d u a t e s t u d e n t s ; that, 
though it w o u l d be recognized as inadequate 
l i b r a r y training, it w o u l d be t e r m i n a l in many 
i n s t a n c e s ; that g r a d u a t e s of such a p r o g r a m 
w o u l d o f t e n find themselves in t r u l y p r o f e s -
sional positions, ( p . 3 6 ) T o these a r g u m e n t s 
they might h a v e added, t h a t it w o u l d tend to 
o b l i t e r a t e the much too indistinct lines of 
d e m a r c a t i o n between p r o f e s s i o n a l and sub-
p r o f e s s i o n a l and between s u b p r o f e s s i o n a l and 
c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s ; that it w o u l d complicate 
still f u r t h e r the c o n f u s e d p a t t e r n of degree 
s t r u c t u r e ; that it w o u l d raise a v a r i e t y of 
difficult problems respecting state and muni-

cipal c e r t i f i c a t i o n ; that it w o u l d support a 
trend that the l i b r a r y schools h a v e been s t r u g -
gling to oppose; that it is tacit admission that 
the " c o r e " c u r r i c u l u m is not r e a l l y " p r o f e s -
s i o n a l " a f t e r a l l ; and that it w o u l d threaten 
to set l i b r a r y education back almost to the 
days b e f o r e the W i l l i a m s o n report. " T h e 
m a j o r i t y f e l t , h o w e v e r , that some u n d e r g r a d u -
ate w o r k is acceptable . . . based on a realistic 
a p p r a i s a l of supply and demand . . . and it is 
t h e r e f o r e better to o f f e r the best training 
possible under the circumstances, recogniz-
ing that it is not i d e a l . " ( p p . 3 6 - 3 7 ) 

H a r d on the heels of this report comes the 
announcement by the C o l l e g e of the U n i -
versity of C h i c a g o that it w i l l h e n c e f o r t h o f f e r 
the t r a d i t i o n a l f o u r - y e a r b a c c a l a u r e a t e degree 
with a y e a r of u n d e r g r a d u a t e t r a i n i n g in 
l i b r a r i a n s h i p , to be administered by the 
f a c u l t y of the G r a d u a t e L i b r a r y School. 
T h u s o n e - f o u r t h of the u n d e r g r a d u a t e 
courses of study w i l l be devoted to l i b r a r y 
training, w h e r e a s even the W o r k s h o p recom-
mended a m a x i m u m of 1 5 to 1 8 hours. H o w 
quickly the f o r c e s of deterioration have been 
set in m o t i o n ! T h u s has the G r a d u a t e L i -
b r a r y School a b r o g a t e d its original m a n d a t e 
f r o m the C a r n e g i e C o r p o r a t i o n to prosecute 
" r e s e a r c h , defined as 'extending the existing 
body of f a c t u a l k n o w l e d g e concerning the 
v a l u e s and p r o c e d u r e s of l i b r a r i e s . . . in-
cluding the development of methods of in-
vestigation w h e r e b y significant d a t a are ob-
tained, tested, and applied' . . . and to l e a v e to 
other l i b r a r y schools . . . the responsibility 
f o r passing on to their students a body of 
principles and practices that h a v e been f o u n d 
u s e f u l in the conduct of l i b r a r i e s . " 1 A n U n -
d e r g r a d u a t e L i b r a r y School, this is the once-
p r o u d " G . L . S . " at mid-century—sic transit 
gloria!—Jesse H. Shera, School of Library 
Science, Western Reserve University. 

International 
Book Production 
Grundriss des Buchhandels in aller Welt. 

B y S i g f r e d T a u b e r t . H a m b u r g , E . H a u s -
w e d e l l , 1 9 5 3 . 3 5 i p . D M 20. 

T h e l i t e r a t u r e on international book p r o -
duction and the flow of printed m a t e r i a l s 

1 Waples, Douglas, "The Graduate Library School of 
Chicago," Library Quarterly, 1:26-27, January, 1931. 

352 COI.LEGE AND RESEARCH L I B R A R I E S 



across t o d a y ' s m a n y b o r d e r s has been g r e a t l y 
enriched by M r . T a u b e r t ' s book. H i s guide 
to w o r l d l i t e r a t u r e w i l l be of v a l u e to A m e r i -
can publishers and book d e a l e r s concerned 
w i t h the e x p o r t m a r k e t , and to l i b r a r i a n s en-
g a g e d in the acquisition of f o r e i g n m a t e r i a l s . 

M o s t of the existing w o r k s on this subject 
a r e of limited use because they i ) a r e out of 
date, 2 ) a r e g e o g r a p h i c a l l y limited in scope, 
3 ) do not g i v e m o r e than a m e r e listing of 
b o o k d e a l e r s and publishers, 4 ) a r e confined 
to the t r e a t m e n t of a special p a r t of the 
b r o a d e r subject, and 5 ) a r e not w r i t t e n in 
E n g l i s h . 1 

T h e book u n d e r discussion has none of 
these shortcomings except that its use f o r the 
a v e r a g e A m e r i c a n is limited because it has not 
yet been t r a n s l a t e d into E n g l i s h , but it is 
sincerely hoped that some i n t e r n a t i o n a l o r 
A m e r i c a n o r g a n i z a t i o n w i t h global a w a r e n e s s 
w i l l m a k e a t r a n s l a t i o n possible. 

M r . T a u b e r t , the m a n a g e r of the P r e s s 
B u r e a u and D i v i s i o n of M a r k e t A n a l y s i s of 
the B o r s e n v e r e i n D e u t s c h e r V e r l a g e r und 
B u c h h a n d l e r V e r b i i n d e — t h e G e r m a n coun-
ter to a combined A m e r i c a n B o o k P u b l i s h e r s ' 
C o u n c i l and A m e r i c a n B o o k s e l l e r s ' A s s o c i a -
t i o n — h a s w o r k e d f o r m a n y y e a r s in the 
G e r m a n and S c a n d i n a v i a n book t r a d e . T h e 
broadening of these interests to a w o r l d scale 
led to the present w o r k . A n o t h e r reason f o r 
its origin lies undoubtedly in his connection 
w i t h the B o r s e n v e r e i n , one of the best lead 
o r g a n i z a t i o n s of its type. B o o k s f o r m an im-
p o r t a n t p a r t of G e r m a n y ' s f o r e i g n t r a d e and 
her publishers w i l l use this w o r k to increase 
their e x p o r t s . If A m e r i c a n publishers and 
b o o k d e a l e r s feel the economic challenge, li-
b r a r i a n s the c u l t u r a l challenge, and S t a t e D e -
p a r t m e n t officials the political challenge, let 
them use this excellent tool w i t h as much 
f e r v o r as the G e r m a n s s u r e l y w i l l . 

A f t e r a short introduction explaining its 
scope and also its u n a v o i d a b l e shortcomings, 
the book is a r r a n g e d alphabetically by coun-
tries, r a n g i n g f r o m A f g h a n i s t a n to V e n e -
z u e l a . A s f a r as possible, the f o l l o w i n g in-

1 To illustrate these points: (1) Druckenmuller, A. 
Dcr Buchhandel der Welt. Stuttgart, Poeschel, 1935; 
(2) Unwin, S. Booktrade Organization in Norway and 
Sweden. London G. Allen, 1932. (3) Clegg's Inter-
national Directory of the World's Booktrade, London, 
Clarke, 1950. (4) Schweizerischer Buchhandler und 
Verlager Verein, Addressbuch des aiisltindischen Buch-
handels. Zurich, Schw. Buchhandler- und Verlager 
Verein, 1949; (5) Kirchner, Joachim, ed., Lexikon des 
Buchwesens. Stuttgart, Hiersemann Verlag, 1953. 

f o r m a t i o n is supplied f o r each of the 87 
c o u n t r i e s : 

1 . O r g a n i z a t i o n : T h i s section gives the 
names, addresses and activities of the book-
t r a d e o r g a n i z a t i o n s and their publications. 

2. P u b l i s h e r s , b o o k d e a l e r s : T y p e s of pub-
lishers and bookstores a r e discussed and up-
to-date statistical i n f o r m a t i o n supplied. 

3 . B o o k t r a d e : D i s c u s s i o n of t r a d e channels, 
w h o l e s a l e r s , t r a d e discounts, conditions of 
payment. 

4. P r o d u c t i o n : S t a t i s t i c a l d a t a of p r o d u c -
tion by title f o r s e v e r a l c o m p a r a t i v e y e a r s 
o v e r a span of 2 0 to 2 5 y e a r s , w h e n e v e r a v a i l -
able. F o r the latest a v a i l a b l e y e a r ( u s u a l l y 
I 9 5 I ) > production is broken d o w n by subjects, 
t r a n s l a t i o n s f r o m f o r e i g n l a n g u a g e s , special 
editions, etc. 

5. I m p o r t : M a i n countries of origin, 
w e i g h t and t o t a l amounts paid d u r i n g 1 9 5 1 . 

6. E x p o r t s : S a m e t r e a t m e n t as 5. 

7. P r o f e s s i o n a l books, periodicals and n a -
tional b i b l i o g r a p h i e s : A list of the most im-
p o r t a n t tools f o r the b o o k d e a l e r and l i b r a r -
ian published in each c o u n t r y . T h i s section is 
v e r y comprehensive and contains not only 
bibliographies of t r a d e books in the strict 
sense but also i m p o r t a n t w o r k s on the history 
of books (i.e. L e h m a n n - H a u p t : The Book in 
America). T h i s is the most v a l u a b l e section 
f r o m a l i b r a r i a n ' s point of v i e w . 

8. P r o f e s s i o n a l e d u c a t i o n : D e a l s w i t h the 
f o r m a l education of b o o k d e a l e r s — t r a d e -
schools and apprenticeships as r e q u i r e d in 
m a n y countries. 

9. C o p y r i g h t l a w s . 

T h e book concludes w i t h a 24 page ap-
pendix containing the t e x t of the U n e s c o 
B o o k C o u p o n P r o s p e c t u s , the U n e s c o a g r e e -
ment on the import of educational scientific 
and c u l t u r a l m a t e r i a l s , a description of the 
O r g a n i z a t i o n f o r E u r o p e a n E c o n o m i c C o o p e r -
ation, a s u m m a r y of every i n t e r n a t i o n a l copy-
right convention f r o m the B e r n e C o n v e n t i o n 
in 1 8 8 6 to the G e n e v a C o n f e r e n c e in 1 9 5 2 , 
and A m e r i c a n copyright p r o c e d u r e s . 

B r i t i s h and G e r m a n experience h a s s h o w n 
that t r a d e f o l l o w s the book. M r . T a u b e r t 
has provided us w i t h a t r a v e l guide f o r the 
j o u r n e y of books a r o u n d the w o r l d . — F r a n k 
L. Schick, Wayne University Libraries. 

JULY, 1954 
32 7