College and Research Libraries of books t h a n in s o m e A m e r i c a n i n s t i t u t i o n s . I n o n e o t h e r respect too, S c a n d i n a v i a n li- braries may b e c o m e m o d e l s rather t h a n re- c i p i e n t s of f o r e i g n influences. As the smaller " u n d e v e l o p e d " countries of the w o r l d b e g i n to establish their library systems they m i g h t logically turn to Scandinavia w h e r e some con- d i t i o n s prevail w h i c h m o r e closely parallel their o w n : the e x i s t e n c e of small b u t dis- tinctive n a t i o n a l l a n g u a g e groups, i m p l y i n g special p r o b l e m s a n d o p p o r t u n i t i e s i n such areas as b o o k p u b l i s h i n g a n d bibliograph- ical control; l i m i t e d financial resources w h i c h p r o v i d e c h a l l e n g e s that the S c a n d i n a v i a n s h a v e m e t by i m a g i n a t i v e p l a n n i n g a n d in- t e l l i g e n t state s u p p o r t of their libraries. T h u s , b o t h f r o m the p o i n t of v i e w of w h a t w e may learn a n d w h a t we can p o i n t o u t to others as worthy e x a m p l e s , w e s h o u l d be aware of S c a n d i n a v i a n librarianship. T o w a r d this e n d we may h o p e that o t h e r studies of this k i n d will be m a d e in this country. In the reviewer's o p i n i o n this work w o u l d have b e e n considerably s t r e n g t h e n e d by a c h a p t e r early i n the b o o k r e l a t i n g N o r w e g i a n library d e v e l o p m e n t to the broader intellect- ual a n d social history w h i c h p r e c e d e d it. T h e p e r i o d of the " M o d e r n A w a k e n i n g " in N o r w e g i a n literature, for e x a m p l e , is m e n - t i o n e d o n l y briefly i n the last chapter, but as H a n n a A s t r u p Larsen writes elsewhere, " T h e i m p o r t a n c e of the e p o c h can hardly be stressed too m u c h . It is possible t o trace every n e w d e v e l o p m e n t in m o d e r n N o r w a y to the literature w h i c h i n the 1870's was d o m i n a t e d by . . . Ibsen, B j 0 r n s o n , Lie a n d K i e l l a n d . " W i t h o u t the f e r m e n t that it caused, A m e r i c a n library i n f l u e n c e i n Nor- way c o u l d hardly have taken root. It is o n l y w i t h i n the historical c o n t e x t that the reform of N o r w e g i a n libraries b e c o m e s fully under- standable. T h e A m e r i c a n e x a m p l e i n librar- i a n s h i p s t o o d ready b u t w o u l d h a v e b e e n l e f t u n n o t i c e d if m a n y a Mrs. A l v i n g had n o t h a d the courage to read the books w h i c h the o l d authoritarian Pastor M a n d e r s con- d e m n e d w i t h o u t ever e x a m i n i n g . T h e v o l u m e is i n d e x e d , has several use- ful statistical tables a n d a m a p s h o w i n g the l o c a t i o n of places m e n t i o n e d i n the text. T h e a u t h o r is well a c q u a i n t e d w i t h the Nor- w e g i a n a n d A m e r i c a n sources of the material a n d has carefully a n n o t a t e d his work. A s i d e from the reservation n o t e d , this is a most re- liable i n v e s t i g a t i o n of the subject a n d a source of considerable i n f o r m a t i o n a b o u t N o r w e g i a n libraries g e n e r a l l y . — T h o m a s R. Buckman, University of Kansas Libraries. Chemical Literature Retrieval Progress Report in Chemical Literature Re- trieval. (Advances i n D o c u m e n t a t i o n a n d Library Science, V o l u m e 1.) G i l b e r t L. Peakes, A l l e n Kent, a n d J a m e s W . Perry, eds. N e w York: Interscience Publishers, 1957, 217 p. $4.75. I n 1956, over n i n e t y t h o u s a n d articles of chemical interest were abstracted i n Chem- ical Abstracts. If o n e considers the literature w h i c h has b e e n p u b l i s h e d , the two-fold prob- l e m of k e e p i n g u p w i t h the current litera- ture a n d searching the a c c u m u l a t e d litera- ture is appreciated. D e s p i t e the fact that chemistry is c o n s i d e r e d the best b i b l i o g r a p h - ically organized science, present m e t h o d s of i n f o r m a t i o n storage a n d retrieval i n this subject are c o n s i d e r e d i n a d e q u a t e . T h e prob- lems are c o m p l e x . T h e r e are, for e x a m p l e , an e s t i m a t e d six h u n d r e d t h o u s a n d organic chemicals, each of w h i c h can a n d o f t e n s h o u l d b e - i n d e x e d f r o m a n u m b e r of levels. C o n s i d e r a b l e work is n o w b e i n g d o n e by industrial libraries, g o v e r n m e n t a l agencies a n d o t h e r organizations o n f i n d i n g a n d try- i n g o u t i m p r o v e d i n d e x i n g m e t h o d s . T h e present v o l u m e , w h i c h is based o n t w o sym- posia of the d i v i s i o n of C h e m i c a l Literature of the A m e r i c a n C h e m i c a l Society, describes some of this work. I n d i v i d u a l chapters deal w i t h case histories of hand- a n d machine- sorted p u n c h e d card installations, c o d i n g of organic chemicals, d e s c r i p t i o n of p u n c h e d card e q u i p m e n t , a n d some "long-hair" think- i n g a b o u t d o c u m e n t a t i o n problems. N o t a b l y missing are discussions of m a n u a l correlative i n d e x i n g systems (aside f r o m brief c o m m e n t s by M o r t i m e r T a u b e ) a n d discussions of tra- d i t i o n a l library i n d e x i n g systems. T w o of the f o u r t e e n chapters (eleven a n d thirteen), are almost i d e n t i c a l to t w o chap- ters i n v o l u m e t w o of this series. ( V o l u m e two a p p e a r e d several weeks b e f o r e v o l u m e o n e ) . C h a p t e r t w o is very similar to, t h o u g h n o t as d e t a i l e d as, two chapters i n Casey a n d Perry's b o o k o n p u n c h e d cards w h i c h was p u b l i s h e d in 1951. MAY 1958 259 U n l i k e o t h e r "Advances i n " types of pub- lications, a n d u n l i k e v o l u m e t w o of this series, this b o o k d o e s n o t (nor d o I t h i n k it i n t e n d s to) g i v e an overall v i e w of docu- m e n t a t i o n . T h e b o o k will m a k e i n t e r e s t i n g introduc- tory r e a d i n g for c h e m i c a l librarians w h o are n o t familiar w i t h d o c u m e n t a t i o n literature. —Gerald Jahoda, Esso Company, Linden, N. J. A C R L Microcard Series—Abstract of Titles V L O E B E R G H , H E L E N E L I Z A B E T H , 1 9 2 0 — A history of the N e w York State Library f r o m 1815 to 1905. R o c h e s t e r , N . Y„ U n i - versity of R o c h e s t e r Press for the A s s o c i a t i o n of C o l l e g e a n d R e f e r e n c e Libraries, 1957. (viii, 76 1. diagr., tables. 28cm. ACRL MICRO- CARD SERIES, n o . 8 3 ) T h e s i s ( M . S . i n L . S . ) — C a t h o l i c U n i v e r s i t y of America, 1955. Biblio- graphy: 1. 75-76. 3 cards. $.75. As at o t h e r state depositories, law was for a l o n g time the p r i n c i p a l c o l l e c t i o n at N e w York State Library. H o w e v e r , as t i m e w e n t on, a m o r e c o m p r e h e n s i v e c o l l e c t i o n was de- v e l o p e d a n d by 1875 N e w York State Li- brary t o t a l l e d 95,000 v o l u m e s , m a k i n g it the largest c o l l e c t i o n of its k i n d . T h e f o r e m o s t n a m e in its roster of directors is that of M e l v i l D e w e y . A t the t i m e of D e w e y ' s resig- n a t i o n in 1905 his library still r a n k e d first a m o n g the state libraries a n d fifth a m o n g the libraries of America. T o d a y it is a branch of the State E d u c a t i o n D e p a r t m e n t of N e w York a n d thus h o l d s a p o s i t i o n w h i c h is u n i q u e a m o n g state libraries. H U D O N , EDWARD G E R A R D , 1 9 1 5 — T h e library facilities of the S u p r e m e Court of the U n i t e d States: a historical study, Rochester, N . Y., U n i v e r s i t y of Ro- chester Press for the A s s o c i a t i o n of C o l l e g e a n d R e f e r e n c e Libraries, 1957. (iii, 88 1. t a b l e s . 2 8 c m . ACRL MICROCARD SERIES, n o . 8 4 ) T h e s i s (M.S. i n L . S . ) — C a t h o l i c U n i v e r s i t y of America, 1956. B i b l i o g r a p h y : 1. 82-88. 3 cards. $.75. T h e study c o n c e r n s itself w i t h the library facilities w h i c h h a v e officially b e e n a v a i l a b l e to the S u p r e m e C o u r t of the U n i t e d States t h r o u g h o u t its history. It is, to a consider- able e x t e n t , a d e t a i l e d e x a m i n a t i o n of the b o o k c o l l e c t i o n s w h i c h the S u p r e m e C o u r t has used officially t h r o u g h o u t its history t o d o its work a n d covers the period, 1790-1954. T h e i n v e s t i g a t i o n shows that the history of the library facilities of the S u p r e m e Court has, in effect, b e e n a process of e v o l u t i o n f r o m m e a g e r b e g i n n i n g s to an a d m i r a b l e c o l l e c t i o n of 180,000 v o l u m e s h o u s e d since 1935 i n a b u i l d i n g of its o w n . H A R V E Y , J O H N FREDERICK, 1 9 2 1 — T h e librarian's career; a study of m o b i l i t y . Rochester, N . Y., U n i v e r s i t y of R o c h e s t e r Press for the A s s o c i a t i o n of C o l l e g e a n d R e f e r e n c e Libraries, 1957. (vii, 230 1. tables, 2 8 c m . ACRL MICROCARD SERIES, n o . 8 5 ) 6 c a r d s . $1.50. T h i s m o n o g r a p h reports the results of a sociological analysis of t h e o c c u p a t i o n a l m o b i l i t y r e p o r t e d by a selected g r o u p of li- brarians. T h e j o b histories of 1,300 chief c o l l e g e a n d p u b l i c librarians were e x a m i n e d against h y p o t h e s e s c o n c e r n i n g three types of vertical m o b i l i t y — b y p o s i t i o n level, li- brary size, a n d a d v a n c e m e n t l e v e l — a n d f o u r types of horizontal m o b i l i t y — b y type of library, k i n d of library work, g e o g r a p h i c m o b i l i t y , a n d m o b i l i t y i n t o librarianship. C o n c l u s i o n s were r e a c h e d o n such topics as the factors associated w i t h r a p i d a n d slow a d v a n c e m e n t in the p r o f e s s i o n , the e x t e n t of m o b i l i t y a m o n g librarians, a n d personal characteristics r e l a t e d to a d v a n c e m e n t . H O L D E R , E L I Z A B E T H J E R O M E , 1 9 1 4 — A history of the library of the W o m a n ' s C o l l e g e of the U n i v e r s i t y of N o r t h Carolina, 1892-1945. Rochester, N . Y„ U n i v e r s i t y of R o c h e s t e r Press for the A s s o c i a t i o n of Col- lege a n d R e f e r e n c e Libraries, 1957. (144 1. 2 9 c m . ACRL MICROCARD SERIES, n o . 8 6 ) T h e s i s (M.S. in L.S.)— U n i v e r s i t y of N o r t h Caro- lina, 1955. B i b l i o g r a p h y : 1. 121-128. 4 cards. $1.00. W h e n the State N o r m a l a n d Industrial School for w h i t e girls o p e n e d i n Greens- boro, N . C. i n October, 1892, its library was a small c o l l e c t i o n of d o n a t e d b o o k s h o u s e d in a classroom. B e t w e e n 1892 a n d 1945 the school b e c a m e successively the State N o r m a l a n d Industrial C o l l e g e , the N o r t h Carolina State N o r m a l a n d Indus- trial College, the N o r t h Carolina C o l l e g e for W o m e n , a n d the W o m a n ' s C o l l e g e of 260 COLLEGE AND RESEARCH LIBRARIES