College and Research Libraries 422 I College & Research Libraries • September 1975 McCarthy, Cavan. Developing Libraries in Brazil; With a Chapter on Parag1UJy. Metuchen, N.J.: Scarecrow, 1975. 207p. $8.00. (LC 74-23681) (ISBN 0-8108- 0750-5) A sensitive academic librarian ( U niversi- ty of Leeds) spends thirteen months pro- fessionally employed and traveling through- out Brazil during 1971-72. The results are empirical vignettes of frustration, accom- plishment, irrationality, and excesses: any perceptive, articulate librarian with Latin American field experience can offer similar fare. McCarthy generally succeeds in de- scribing most types of libraries, the princi- pal problems confronting them, and high- lighting innovative aspects worthy of con- sideration by Western (i.e., North Ameri- can, British, and parts of Europe) librari- ans. Brazilian acceptance of Western library theory and practice emphasizes the dichoto- mous nature such models have in econom- ically disadvantaged countries. From the sophistication of Sao Paulo to the anach- ronisms of Maranhao, effective service of- ten cannot be realized due to the conflict between theoretical objectives and Brazilian reality. McCarthy identifies closed stacks and restrictive or nonexistent loan policies as fundamental problems nationally. After formal education is completed, the "library habit" ceases; hence, in most libraries pa- trons are the young, but McCarthy suggests Brazilians probably would not trust any age group to return borrowed materials! Library science education and the diffi- culties of employment are covered suffi- ciently for introductory survey purposes in comparative librarians'hip. Nearly all courses are taught by part-time, practicing librarians, usually graduates of the same in- stitute or university. Because most of the practicing librarians are women with lim- ited geographic and occupational mobility, local placement is common; the implica- tions of endogamy are obvious, as some North American academic libraries know. Professional positions often are part time and government controlled. Many librarians toil in totally unsuitable structures with architectural design inhibiting the normal library functions, maintain too many card catalogs, have little or no money for sub- scriptions or books, and do not benefit or engage in networking. In spite of adverse conditions, McCarthy identifies some outreach measures such as bookboxes serving various sites of large em- ployment in lieu of bookmobiles or branch libraries and bookbanks for economically disadvantaged students. The National Book Institute's ( INL) innovative publishing and library programs are worthy of considera- tion by the economically developed coun- tries. Hundreds of libraries owe their ex- istence to the INL core collection; INL of- fers technical training for paraprofessionals managing these collections. Guaranteed bloc purchase of approved titles is part of INL's coedition venture with other presses. The author credits many of Brazil's prob- lems to an unquestioning adherence to the U.S. model by the rightist military govern- ment ( 1964- ) . The importation of "foreign subculture" is deplored, but to ig- nore internationally acclaimed Brazilians as Heitor Vila-Lobos, Jorge Amado, Joao Gui- maraes Rosa, and Clarice Lispector is un- just. One must also exercise critical caution with McCarthy's racial observations. The chapter on Paraguay is descriptively similar to commentary on Brazil's north- east. The book as a whole is a useful contribu- tion about libraries, library service, and li- brarianship. For a comprehensive, analyt- ical survey of Brazilian libraries and educa- tion, however, one must consult William V. Jackson's two articles in the Encyclopedia of Library and Information Science ( vol. 3, p.166-259). His extensive bibliographies include citations through 1969. Those inter- ested in research library collections will still find standard Robert Levine's Brazil: Field Research Guide in the Social Sciences (New York: Columbia University, Institute of Latin American Studies, 1966). While this reviewer was disappointed with the treatment of policy issues (e.g., budget, col- lection scope, state and federal govern- mental involvement) as well as the anec- dotal nature of the study, McCarthy offers much worthy of further thought and re- search.-Peter T. Johnson, !hero-American Bibliographer, University of Minnesota- Twin Cities. Drazniowsky, Roman, comp. Map Libraf'i- anship: Readings. Metuchen, N.J., Scare- crow, 1975. 547p. $20.00 (LC 7 4- 19244) (ISBN 0-8108-0739-4) This volume is intended "to provide at least some guidance for map librarians" through "presenting a compilation of se- lected articles on seven specific subjects" as a "systematic and sequential description of map collection operation." There are forty-eight articles divided under the topics of: introduction to maps (four), the ele- ments of maps (seven), map classification and use (seven), map bibliographies/ ac- quisitions (eight), map processing and cat- aloging (eight) , map storage and preserva- tion (five), and map librarianship/ map col- lections (nine) . Two articles were written by the compiler. The volume also has an eighteen-page bibliography section ar- ranged by chapter and an eight-page index. Forty-six authors are represented and in- clude cartographers, geographers, and map librarians from the United States, Canada, Great Britain, and Australia. The articles represent thirteen serial publications: Asso- ciation of American Geographers Annals (one) , Association of Canadian Map Li- braries Proceedings (two), Canadian Car- tographer (three), Cartographic Journal (two), Geographical Magazine (two), In- ternational Yearbook of Cartography (two), Journal of Geography (five), Library Jour- nal (two), Military Engineer (one), Pho- togrammetric Engineering (one), Society of University Cartographers Bulletin (one), Special Libraries (nine), and Spe- cial Libraries Association Geography and Map Division Bulletin (seventeen). The ar- ticles range in date of original publication from 1950 to 1972, with nine each from 1967 and 1970, five from 1969, four each from 1961 and 1966, three from 1972 and only two from before 1960. The compiler's preface is dated August 1973. Photographs, maps, diagrams, graphs, and charts which originally appeared with the articles have also been reprinted (successfully) , and the articles themselves were retyped in a uni- form format. Hopefully, the foregoing analysis of the contents of the volume will give prospec- tive purchasers something to evaluate the book in terms of possible use to themselves. The seven subjects chosen do provide some good basic readings in areas about which map librarians should be concerned. The articles seem to have been thoughtfully chosen and provide a variety of viewpoints. The fact that seventeen articles were drawn Recent Publications I 423 from the Special Libraries Association Ge- ography and Map Division Bulletin indi- cates the importance of this serial as a pro- fessional journal. Five of the articles in- cluded which were reprinted from Special Libraries have also been reprinted previous- ly (with one additional paper) by Special Libraries Association as Recent Practices in Map Libraries ( 1971 ) , · and were orig- inally presented in June 1969 at a panel on "Problems of the Smaller Map Libraries." The list of additional references based on the subject of each chapter seems especial- ly useful for furthering one's knowledge of particular areas of interest in the field. Be- cause it is a collection of articles, this vol- ume does provide some more advanced or more specialized material regarding map librarianship than the October 1973 issue of the Drexel Library Quarterly, which was devoted entirely to map librarianship on a beginning level. However, this issue costs only $3.00 while this volume is $20.00. It is too bad that publication was over a year and a half after the compiler's date of com- pletion, according to his preface. It is very difficult to criticize such a com- pilation as to choice of articles. Some ar- ticles are omitted, perhaps, because of lag times in publication, such as the previous- ly mentioned Drexel Library Quarterly is- sue or the chapter on "Maps and Map Col- lections" (by Mary Galneder and this re- viewer) included in the ACRL Publications in Librarianship no. 34, Non print Media in Academic Libraries (edited by Pearce S. Grove) which has recently been published (although the chapter was completed in September 1972). I do not wish to go fur- ther into comparisons of article choice. What seems most important is that this vol- ume does gather together primarily recent articles relating to maps and map librarian- ship. It is a bit costly, but I recommend it to those students of map librarianship who have already read and digested the previ- ously mentioned material. Make use of the bibliographies in the articles and those com- piled by Mr. Drazniowsky. It is not a dead- end volume. The compiler appears to have achieved his previously quoted purpose.- Alberta Auringer Wood, Map Specialist, Detroit Public Library. Tebbel, John. A History of Book Publish- ing in the United States. Volume II.