College and Research Libraries


78 I College & Research Libraries • January 1976 

print from Library Journal of October 15, 
1967. Four of the essays are concerned di-
rectly with librarianship, and the remainder 
with communications, including those of 
academia; an appendix gives the text of the 
proceedings and findings in the case of Mrs. 
Joan Badger of the Missouri State Library. 

Mr. Berninghausen's views are those of 
the traditional libertarian; they therefore 
express little previously unknown to any li-
brarian of any experience, but they should 
be useful to those who know naught of On 
Liberty. This would appear to include 95 
percent of the entering class of a well-
known school of librarianship, which, by 
extension, does not speak well of the corpus 
of undergraduate learning brought to the 
graduate school. The volume could there-
fore be of great use and value to survey 
courses in the principles of librarianship, 
particularly because of the examples of sup-
pression of writings and ideas, many of 
which are drawn from the author's experi-
ence of over a quarter-century. The more 
advanced reader, however, will find that 
the disorderly structure imposed, of neces-

. sity, by the assembly of diverse essays does 
not lead to an orderly progression of ideas. 
The book contains good, topical material; 
twenty years hence, however, it will prob-
ably be referred to only for its illustrative 
material drawn from the two decades be-
tween McCarthy and Nixon. It is probably 
vain to hope that it will not be referred to 
because the subject will be a dead one.-
H enry Miller Madden, University Librari-
an, California State University, Fresno. 

Shackleton, Robert. Censure and Censor-
ship: Impediments to Free Publication 
in the Age of Enlightenment. (Fifth An-
nual Lew David Feldman Lectureship 
in Bibliography.) (Bibliographical Mono-
graph Series, No.8) Austin: University 
of Texas, Humanities Research Center, 
1975. 26p. $4.95. (LC 72-619567) 
Bodley's librarian tells a lucid, even fas-

cinating, story of some applications of cen-
sorship ("examination of a text before pub-
lication, by someone in authority, with a 
view to ascertaining its fitness to appear") 
and censure ("examination of a text, after 
publication, with a view to deciding wheth-
er it had been fit to appear") in the eigh-

teenth century. Examples of censorship are 
drawn from France, and of censure from 
France and Rome-notably the Congrega-
tion of the Index. The author points out the 
degree of flexibility which existed among 
the royal censors in France, and the various 
loopholes which enabled the publication of 
such works as Helvetius' De r esprit and the 
Abbe de Prades' thesis. After reading this 
bright essay, one somehow feels safer with 
the censors of the eighteenth century than 
with the censurers of twentieth-century 
America. 

The handsome little volume is marred by 
a heavy ligature ff, which is particularly 
noticeable on p.23.-Henry Miller Madden, 
University Librarian, California State Uni-
versity, Fresno. 

Withers, F. N. Standards for Library Ser-
vice: An International Survey. ( Docu-
mentation, Libraries and Archives: Stud-
ies and Research, 6) Paris: Unesco 
Press, 1974. 421p. $12.95. (Available in 
U.S. from Unipub, Inc., P.O. Box 433, 
New York, NY 10016) 

This important volume owes its origin to 
the initiative of Unesco. In 1968 it made 
a contract with IFLA for a survey of stan-
dards for libraries of all types in different 
countries. Fortunately, this complex task 
was entrusted to an authority, F. N. With-
ers, research associate, the Polytechnic of 
North London School of Librarianship, and 
a former official of the Department of Edu-
cation and Science in London. He prepared 
this survey as a document in 1970. It was 
so well received that he revised and ex-
panded it for general distribution in 197 4. 

Repeatedly, this reviewer has been con-
cerned with library standards abroad, e.g., 
when editing the issue of Library Trends, 
October 1972, on standards and most re-
cently in an article on the subject to be 
published in volume 16 of the Encyclope-
dia of Library and Information Science. He 
knows from these experiences how difficult 
it is to assemble up-to-date documents on 
the subject. Withers deserves a great deal 
of credit for having gathered together a 
wealth of information. He has been able to 
make use of pertinent materials not only 
from the Anglo-Saxon countries, but also 
from many other parts of the world. Includ-

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