College and Research Libraries ,...----------------------------------~ - - - - --- ------. 444 College & Research Libraries there is very little experimentation and constructive adaptation of experience from other organizations. Thus interest in II scientific management" or II quality cir- cles" trickles down to library organiza- tions some time after the principles have experienced a revision or redefinition. Martin posits that the answer to this defi- ciency is more systematic preparation of li- brary managers-including required study of classical and contemporary man- agement thinking-and therefore has de- voted roughly a third of this volume to building a conceptual background. A central conclusion of Martin's exami- nation is that libraries should be viewed as complex social institutions interacting with a dynamic environment rather than as rigidly defined bureaucratic structures. Successful functioning of library organiza- tions requires leadership and group pro- cesses that effectively incorporate com- plex roles and relationships, rather than ·a neatly defined job-task hierarchy. There are few management principles that can be applied blindly by libraries, but there are lessons that may be exploited. The remainder of the work systematically examines specific library organization is- sues within this all-important philosophic framework. Martin begins with an over- view of library service patterns employed by school, special, college, research, and public libraries, including a description of the external relationships so critical to the success of any organization. At this point, a major shortcoming of the author's sur- vey approach becomes apparent. In his · references to academic libraries, Martin's lack of understanding of their nature and function constitutes a rather significant shortcoming in his generally astute per- ceptions. For example, his view of the col- lege library as a supply agency simply ac- quiring books needed to support the courses offered is a glaring oversimplifica- tion. The author states the following: "College libraries can in part be thought of as extensions of high school libraries"; ''the academic librarian is more accurately referred to as 'the keeper of the book'"; large research libraries ''strive for self- sufficiency''; and ''in academic library ad- September 1985 ministration, this is a time not for the builder but for the conservator.'' These in- accuracies compromise an otherwise in- .. sightful overview. Martin proceeds to review the coverage of management topics in the professional literature, the relationships of libraries with external agencies and the public, and the internal organization of different types of libraries . These summaries are thought- ful and well done although inaccuracies regarding academic libraries continue to creep into the review (e.g., the author states that the library directors at the Uni- versities of Utah and Texas are vice- presidents). Finally, Martin provides chapters deal- ing with the several distinct levels of staff positions that exist in libraries, patterns of supervision and management, and ad- ministrative functions of direction and co- ordination. Throughout this coverage, he contributes a seasoned and broad per- spective on the comparative practices of these various types of libraries. The excel- lence of this coverage is only limited by an incomplete understanding of the current practices of academic libraries. While this volume is therefore not the definitive text on library management, it is a useful sur- , vey of management practices within the profession.-Duane E. Webster, Office of Management Studies, Washington, D. C. Greenberg, Alan M., and Carole R. Mciver. LCandAACR2: An Album of Cat- aloging Examples Arranged by Rule Num- ber. Metuchen, N.J.: Scarecrow, 1984. 179p. $19 .50 LC 83-27144. ISBN 0-8108- 1683-0. Cataloging Government Documents: A Manual of Interpretation for AACR2. Documents Cataloging Manual Corn- . rnittee, Government Documents Round Table, ALA. Ed. by Bernadine Abbott Hoduski. Chicago: American Library Assn., 1984. 259p. $49. LC 84-6499. ISBN 0-8389-3304-1. The authors of the second edition of the Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules sought to avoid some of the shortcomings of the previous code by providing the user with copious examples of rule interpretations. Don't go looking for the articles your patrons need- Genuine Article· delivers them to you! The Genuine Article has the articles your patrons need: articles from any of over 7,000 journals in virtually all scientific and scholarly disciplines. And we'll make sure your articles get to you quickly- they'll be in the mail to you within 48 hours after we receive your order. If that isn't fast enough, you can use our Hotline phone or facsimile delivery. The cost is surprisingly low. For more information on how The Genuine Article can save you time, save you trouble, and get you copies of the articles your patrons need, phone toll-free 800-523-1850, extension 1352, or write to the address below. Do it today. ~@~~nstitute for Scientific Information® Customer Services Department 3501 Market Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104 U.S.A. Tel: (215) 386-0100, Cable: SCINFO, Telex: 84-5305 European Office: 132 High Street, Uxbridge, Middlesex U88 1 DP, United Kingdom Tel: 44-895-70016, Telex: 933693 UKISI ©1985151 I 0 I ·3859 446 College & Research Libraries Despite the great improvements in this area the new code has given rise to anum- ber of interpretive companion volumes. Two very different examples are LC and AACR2 and Cataloging Government Docu- ments. AACR2 provides a theoretical frame- work for the cataloging of various types of materials and is considered to be espe- . ,cially strong in its descriptive section. Nevertheless, a cataloger on many occa- sions will come across particular questions which are not dealt with in the examples given in the code, and a question of rule · application arises. The practice of the Li- brary of Congress is generally regarded as authoritative, but it is not always an easy matter to locate the LC rule interpretation that will apply to the situation at hand. In some cases there is no specific interpreta- tion, and the cataloger turns to analogy for the solution. LC and AACR2 is quite descriptively subtitled An Album of Cataloging Examples. It consists almost exclusively of repro- ductions of LC catalog cards arranged by AACR2 chapter and rule number, with the specific rule in question highlighted on the cards. A brief preface and two in- dexes make up the remainder of the work. The examples are heavily weighted toward monographs and seri- als. Those working with other types of materials will not find it of much help, though it is often in the nonbook areas, where little MARC cataloging is avail- able, that some of the greatest difficulties are encountered. The major drawback of LC and AACR2 is that it is destined to be incomplete, as the nature of cataloging makes it impossible to gather an example for every contingency. The compilers caution that some examples may already be outdated, and because of photoreduction the few blank spaces pro- vided for expansion are too small for a 3- by-5-inch proof slip. Some users will ques- tion the wisdom of including a twenty-four-page author/title index to the - cards reproduced and may wish the pages had been used instead for explanatory text or for more examples. Few catalogers will argue with the utility.of LC example, how- September 1985 ever, and the format could hardly be sim- pler to use. With these limitations in mind a cata- loger may wish to add a copy of this work to the department's stock of ready refer- ence works. While it will not answer some complex questions, nor provide a theoreti- cal basis for certain decisions, LC and AACR2 is a reliable source of example for a variety of problems. Its major advantage is in presenting in one place a large number of potential solutions to frequent catalog- ing dilemmas. Cataloging Government Documents: A Manual of Interpretation for AACR2, pro- duced by the GODORT Documents Cata- loging Manual Committee, is a very differ- ent approach to cataloging. It is another of the rapidly growing number of special cat- · aloging aids for interpretation and appli- cation of AACR2 to various classes of ma- terials ranging from maps to microcompu- ter software. The general introduction states that the purpose of this manual is to ''clarify'' unclear AACR2 rules regarding documents cataloging, to "address" spe- cial problem areas, and to "interpret these features in a manner consistent with the spirit of AACR2." It is further stated that "no new rules or additions to AACR2 are proposed/' and that the manual is de- signed for use in conjunction with the cat- aloging code. The latter point is very im- portant, for the thorough treatment of the chapters may tempt some users to neglect double checking both the code and LC rule interpretations. The manual concentrates on items most likely to be cataloged by those working with government documents: books, seri- als, and cartographic materials, plus brief chapters on microforms and machine- readable data files. One somewhat sur- prising omission is the lack of coverage of the laws and treaties sections of chapter 25 on uniform titles, though both are men- tioned in chapter 21. Like AACR2 itself, this guide is evenly divided between de- scription and access. An index is pro- vided. A notable feature of this work is its pre- scriptive tone. Whereas cataloging guides such as LC and Aj\CR2 do more than sup- ACQUISITION PERSPECTIVES 2. Book House guarantees to order each book you request, with regular claiming to publishers. From major publishers on open account to the most obscure press requiring pre- payment and offering no discount, our persistence and experience enables us to deliver every available title. There is no substitute for complete delivery. CALL TOLL-FREE TODAY 1-800-248-1146 In Canada & Michigan CALL COLLECT (517) 849-2117 OCLC Vendor No. 17397 SAN 169-3859 the BBOK H IJSE JOBBERS SERVING UBRARIES WITH ANY BOOK IN PRINT SINCE 1112 208 WEST CHICAGO STREET JONESVILLE, MICHIGAN 49250 448 College & Research Libraries ply LC example, Cataloging Government Documents is an attempt to fill a void in cat- aloging practice . The authors often advise catalogers of what they should do in a given situation. While this tone is very ap- pealing to a newcomer or student, it also becomes a weakness of this work, for one can never be certain of the source of this prescriptive tone. The preface states that the GODORT Documents Cataloging Manual Committee ''worked closely with the Library of Congress, the Superinten- dent of Documents, and the Federal Li- brary Committee to develop rule interpre- tations that would provide the best treatment of documents." A hasty read- ing of this, coupled with the many refer- ences to LC and GPO in the text, might lead the unwary to accept this work as quasi-official policy of the Library of Con- gress . Instead, the book must be read as an informed commentary on AACR2 and LC/GPO policy as interpreted and aug- mented by the committee. The layout of Cataloging Government Doc- uments is attractive; it is presented as an annotated version of those sections of AACR2 applicable to documents. How- ever, a readet will find difficulty in distin- guishing between material that is quoted and that which has been paraphrased or edited. For instance, the definition of the chief source of information for a carto- graphic item given under 3.0B2a appears to be taken verbatim from AACR2, but ac- tually is an expanded version of the defini- tion appearing in the code. (The reader would be alert for this possibility only if the specific chapter introduction had been read.) Likewise a reader must be aware that indented material introduced by the phrase "LC rule interpretation says" is not always an exact quote. In the latter case lack of CSB citation numbers often makes it cumbersome to locate the issue being quoted for comparison. ' The rule interpretation cited for 21.1Bl is an illustration. In the first paragraph on . p.124 following" 'colloquium,' etc. , " the interpolation "are some examples; the particular word · is not important'' has been added to the CSB statement. The named/unnamed conference examples September 1985 ·given at the end are from CSB18, while part of the interpretation is from CSB22, minus its last four paragraphs. While a cataloger using this or a similar manual will always need to consult CSB to see if there is a later rule interpretation, here the lack of specific citations makes use of the · section more difficult than it should be. The full range of problems presented by this style is illustrated in section 24.4Cl. In this four-page section, which appears to the casual reader as an exact reproduction of LC rule interpretation, closer examina- tion reveals that two CSB paragraphs have been omitted and that, while most of the interpretation is taken from CSB18, some wording is retained from CSB15. Further- more, there are eight instances of minor insertions or rewordings of LC text, sev- eral typos, and words that are left out. The example given for qualifying "Center for Materials Science" is an incorrect altera- tion of the proper AACR2 form given in CSB18. There are other cases where the authors appear to contradict LC or AACR2 policy, as in the contradictory statement of re- sponsibility examples given under l.lF and 1.1F7. The former includes the au- thors' position titles and separates corpo- rate affiliation with a comma, while the latter LC example omits titles and sepa- rates with parentheses. On p.37 there is a directive that statements of responsibility· appearing on bibliographic data sheets "are to be regarded as prominent in all cases." This is contrary to the policy · stated in CSB16 that "no special exception for these data sheets" be made. Such problems detract from the poten- tial usefulness of this work. A rule-by-rule guide for the application of AACR2 to gov- ernment materials could be a greafhelp both to catalogers who deal extensively with documents and those who catalog them only occasionally. The last para- graph of the general introduction, with its note that "complex materials call for com- plex cataloging," is an admirable summa- tion of the difficulties encountered in this area. The chapter introductions all contain valuable overviews on their topics and de- spite the problems touched on above, there is a great deal to be learned about documents cataloging in this book. The user will also find information on diverse topics not readily available in one source, such as a definition of'' star prints,'' infor- mation about SUDOC and NTIS num- bers, and how to compute scale on maps. Cataloging Government Documents must be approached with caution as a catalog- ing aid. The user should be aware that LC rule interpretations are sometimes edited, and that the examples given are often not from AACR2 or CSB. Closer proofreading of examples and text would be desirable, as typographical errors always loom large in a cataloging work such as this. No er- rata sheet is currently available. Docu- ments departments that do full AACR2 cataloging will certainly want to take ad- vantage of the GODORT committee's ex- perience and efforts but, given the short- comings mentioned above and a price of $50, general academic cataloging depart- ments are unlikely to make this book a pri- ority for their collections.-Gunnar Knut- son, University of Illinois at Chicago. Advances in Librarianship. V. 13. Ed. by Wesley Simonton. New York: Aca- demic, 1984. 284p. $32. LC 79-88675. ISBN 0-12-024613-9. In a review written some years ago of volume 8 of the same title, I made the claim that Advances in Librarianship is one of the few places in library literature where one finds literate, comprehensive, and brief overviews of advances in the field. This statement still appears to be true. The latest volume of Advances covers a very wide range of topics, from manage- ment information to information systems and library automation in Latin America to collection development and manage- ment. There is something in the eight sec- tions of this short volume for librarians of most tastes, persuasions, and interests. Those of us who struggle with a some- times overwhelming amount of informa- tion will appreciate the systematic ap- proach suggested by Charles R. McClure. He presents a good overview of how vari- ous forms of organizational information Recent Publications 449 processing, e.g., MIS and DSS, might be applicable to libraries. In so doing, he also presents a good review of the literature that has appeared since 1975. Nancy Williamson raises and discusses many of the issues involved with informa- tion storage and retrieval but especially that of subject access to online systems. One of the main issues at present appears to be whether online access should be con- structed from the top down or from the bottom up. Williamson claims that the · needs of the future need to be more com- pletely assessed and that more research is necessary. Public libraries have often been at the ·· forefront of library innovation. John Dur- rance discusses one of these innovations, community information services, specifi- cally the provision of local information, in- formation and referral, and public policy information. In an era when community · information services could be flourishing, poor communication seems to hav_e re- qi MCGR,EGOR cAL;!~~ "PERSONALIZED" .SUBSCRIPTION SERVICE McGregor can simplify complex and time consuming problems of periodi- cal procurement involving research, ordering, payments, renewals and record keeping. Prompt courteous service has been a tradition with McGregor since 1933. Call or write for catalog today 8151734-4183 MCGREGOR MAGAZINE AGENCY