College and Research Libraries 286 College & Research Libraries dates of the photographs, origin of the col­ lection, physical description, subjects, ar­ rangement, caption data availability, find­ ing aid availability, and restrictions are all briefly and clearly described. The book's introduction further outlines the content of these fields, and gives general informa­ tion on access and photoduplication ser­ vices. Given the broad scope and sheer size of these collections, the data in these fields is necessarily concise. Yet neither clarity nor informativeness suffers, for the author de­ scribes each collection with a consistent style, and uses a carefully controlled vo­ cabulary effectively. This provides a com­ fortable consistency of descriptive form that makes usage of the guide easy, and immediately highlights features of each collection, rather than obscuring them. A particularly successful use of con­ trolled vocabulary is in the description of photographic processes. Various pro­ cesses both commonplace and contempo­ rary, and exotic and historic, are described with precision, using terminology that has increasingly become standard, in part through the development of the MARC­ VM format, which was used as the basis for the surveys conducted within NMAH for the development of the guide. The book concludes with three indexes: a creators index, which lists the photogra­ phers or entities that produced or assem­ bled the images in each collection; a forms and processes index, which locates exam­ ples of physically distinct types of photo­ graphs (such as albumen photoprints, or collodion wet plate photonegatives); and a subject index, created using Library of Congress topical terms for graphical mate­ rials. The subject index is useful, since im­ ages related to certain subjects may reside in various collections located in separate NMAH divisions. The forms and proc­ esses index will be especially appreciated by anyone having an interest in the devel­ opment of photographic technique. The more exotic variant processes (such as the bromoil process variant of the ubiquitous silver gelatin photoprint) are clearly noted. Widely used processes are not used as index terms except for general headings, or to establish headings for the May 1990 variant processes. Indexing is keyed in all three indexes to collection number, not page. This only slightly impairs the use­ fulness of the indexes. This book will lead a researcher into an acquaintance with a splendid array of photographic treasures. From the images created by noted photographers such as Matthew Brady, Eugene Atget, Andre Kertesz, and Richard A vedon in the Divi­ sion of Photographic History; to the 11,300 images in the Warshaw Collection of Business Americana in NMAH' s Ar­ chives Center; to the Pullman Company Negative Collection in the Division of Transportation, the researcher becomes acquainted with a vast and heretofore vir­ tually unknown resource of great artistic, technical, and informational value. This first volume of a planned five-part set ad­ mirably succeeds as a guide to this photo­ graphic treasure trove. Researchers can look forward to the other four volumes to do the same for t~e photographic collec­ tions housed in the Smithsonian Institu­ tion's other museums and facilities.­ Mark f. Cedeck, John W. Barriger III National Railroad Library, St. Louis Mercantile Library Association. Wiegand, Wayne A. "An Active Instru­ ment for Propaganda'': The American Pub­ lic Library during World War I. (Beta Phi Mu Monograph, No. 1) New York: Greenwood, 1989. 193p. $39.95 (ISBN 0-313-26702-2). LC 88-38489. Wayne Wiegand's ''An Active Instru­ ment of Propaganda'': The American Public Library During World War I marks the be­ ginning of the Beta Phi Mu's (the Interna­ tional Library Science Honor Society) new series of monographs. In his wisdom com­ bined with thorough research, Wiegand demonstrates in this study the involve­ ment of American public library commu­ nity during World War I. His detailed in­ troduction covers an overview of the history of the public library prior to World War I. Also covered in the introduction, without going in broader detail, are topics such as the founding of the American Li­ brary Association (ALA) in 1876, the pub­ lic libraries' adoption of the Dewey Deci­ mal Classification, the publication of the Recent Publications 287 periodical indexes such as the Poole'5 Guide to Periodical Literature in 1848 that yielded to the publishing of the Reader'5 Guide to Periodical Literature in 1900. Wiegand postulates that public libraries shared in an ideology of reading, as he puts it, ''good reading begets good social behavior and bad reading begets bad so­ cial behavior" but as an emerging social class, libraries worried about stability and order of a society ''sorely tested by the ef­ fects of industrialization, urbanization, and immigration. II Wiegand recognizes t~o prob.lems ~niqu~ to the library profes­ sion durmg this penod: one was that li­ braries owned no monopoly on reading matters. They were unable to force the American public to use their libraries. Sec­ ond was that new forces in the cultural, in­ tellectual, and literary worlds pressed for changes in the traditional canons and con­ sequently, as he posed, ''librarians found the footings upon which they based their professional power shifting under their feet. II Wiegand carefully shows in his study how both large and small public li­ braries in America played various roles during World War I. They solicited, ac­ quired, and disseminated whatever infor­ mation governmental agencies wanted to get to the American people. Chapter one deals with how the war broke out in Europe in August 1914 and recounts President Woodrow Wilson's initial proclamation of American neutral­ ity and caution to remain "impartial in thought as well as in action.'' It also re­ counts the general drift in attitude for the Allies in 1917. Chapters two and three ex­ tensively treat the shift in attitude of the American public library community, that is, how they supported the rest of their compatriots when the United States de­ clared war on Germany on April6, 1917. Also covered is how local and national public library chapters initiated various actions of support for the US government. Chapters four and five deal with the cen­ sorship role played by the public library during war time. Chapter six covers the public library between 1917-18 and the ed­ ucation of immigrants, including the americanization movement. Chapter seven summarizes the entire book. Catalogue 30: Old, Rare & Out of Print Books, Jour­ nals, Pamphlets and some Manuscripts relating to Anarchism Communism Socialism. • Catalogue 31: Americana Old, Rare & Out of Print Books, Jour­ nals and Pamphlets. • Catalogue 32: Philosophy Old, Rare & Out of Print Books, Jour­ nals and Pamphlets. Free on request. A~ GERITS & SONS Modern and Antiquarian Booksellers Library Agents Prinsengracht 445, P.O. Box 664 1000 AR Amsterdam, The Netherlands Teleph. 31-20-27 22 85 ·Fax 31-20-25 89 70 • Out of Print & Antiquarian Catalogues and Flyers of New and Forthcoming European Publications Free on request European (West & East) Out of Print Searching Service 288 College & Research Libraries Wiegand concludes, "For the American public library community, World War I represented an exhilerating experience that constituted a capstone to the public li­ brary movement in progressive Amer­ ica." This book, "An Active Instrument for Propaganda'': The American Public Library May 1990 During World War I is the "mecca" of all re­ corded public library history that I can think of. Considering its scholarly content and depth of research, Wiegand deserves to be congratulated for his efforts.-Felix Erne Unaeze, New Mexico State University Li­ brary, Las Cruces. OTHER PUBLICATIONS AV Market Place 1990. New York: Bowker, 1990. 1,146p. $85 {ISBN 0-8352-2473-2). Armenian American Almanac. 2nd ed. Ed. by Hamo Vassilian. Glendale, Calif.: Armenian Reference Books Co., 1990. 402p. $44.95 (ISBN 0-931539-14-7). Baker, Nancy L. Research Guide for Undergradu­ ate Students: English and American Literature, 3rd ed. New York: MLA, 1989. 61p. $8.50 (ISBN 0-87352-186-2). Bracken, James K. Reference Works in British and American Literature Vol.1, English and American Literature. Englewood, N.J.: Libraries Unlim­ ited, 1990. 252p. $38 (ISBN 0-87287-699-3). Current Research for the Information Profession 1988/89. Ed. by Elliott Pirkko. London: Li­ brary Association, 1989. 420p. $100 (ISBN 0­ 85365-629-0). Harner, James L. Literary Research Guide: A Guide to Reference Sources for the Study of Litera­ tures in English and Related Topics. New York: MLA, 1989. 738p. $16.50 (ISBN 0-87352-183­ 8). Hunter, Eric J. Examples Illustrating AACR 2, 1988Rev. London: Library Association, 1990. 246p. $19 (ISBN 0-85365-649-5). Lawler, Rick. How to Write World Leaders: Names and Addresses. Sacramento, Calif.: MinRef Press, 1990. 96p. $6.95 (ISBN 0-9624394-0-1). National Directory of Addresses and Telephone Numbers. Boothell, Washington: General In­ formation, 1990. 1,356p. $49.95 (ISBN 0­ 941841-03-0). On Cassette 1990: a Comprehensive Bibliography of Spoken Word Audiocassettes. New York: Bowker, 1990. 1,761p. $110 (ISBN 0-8352­ 2827-4). Reference Books Bulletin, 1988-1989. Ed. by Sandy Whiteley. Chicago: American Library Assn., 1989. 184p. $22.50 (ISBN 0-8389-3379­ 3). Vandergrift, Kay E. Children's Literature: The­ ory, Research, and Teaching. Englewood, N.J.: Libraries Unlimited, 1990. 277p. $36 (ISBN 0­ 87287-749-3). Zukowski, Ginger. On the Move: A Handbook for Exploring Creative Movement with Young Chil­ dren. Carbondale, Ill.: Southern Illinois Uni­ versity Press, 1990. 85p. $12.95 (ISBN 0-8093­ 1542-4).