reference.p65 156 College & Research Libraries March 2000 Selected Reference Books of 1999 Eileen McIlvaine This article follows the pattern set by the semiannual series initiated by the late Constance M. Winchell more than fifty years ago and continued by Eugene Sheehy. Because the purpose of the list is to present a se­ lection of recent scholarly and general works, it does not pretend to be either well balanced or comprehensive. A brief roundup of new editions of standard works is provided at the end of the articles. Code numbers (such as AH228) have been used to refer to titles in the Guide to Refer­ ence Books, 11th ed. (Chicago: ALA, 1996). Publishing Kniga: Entsiklopediia; glavnyi redaktor V. M. Zharkov. Moskva: Bol’shaia Rossiiskaia Entsiklopediia, 1999. 796p. il. (ISBN 5-85270-312-5). LCCN 99­ 223346. Like the other Russian reference source reviewed in this issue, this one-volume encyclopedia is an outgrowth of an ear­ lier work, Knigovedenie, edited by Nikolai Mikhailovich Sikorskii (Moskva: Bol’shaia Sovetskaia Entsiklopediia, 1981). Its approach to that updating is quite different, however. Rather than sim­ ply recording new developments of the two decades since the appearance of its predecessor, it seeks to rework the mate­ rial in accordance with the changed po­ litical and cultural atmosphere in Russia today. The tone of the preceding volume, the editors note, was “excessively ideal­ ized. The development of the Soviet book industry was presented there as one of uninterrupted progress” (Ot redkollogii). This volume aims at a more realistic ap­ proach, examining moments of difficulty under such headings as “Censorship” and treating hitherto taboo subjects, such as émigré and church literature. Interest­ ingly, however, there still seems to be vir­ tually no information here about the thriving underground samizdat literature of the Soviet period. The volume consists of a single series of articles, arranged in alphabetical order, covering the whole range of book-related topics: the history of the book and pub­ lishing in Russia and other countries, in­ cluding those that have emerged with the breakup of the Soviet Union; biographies of key Russian and foreign figures in pub­ lishing; book arts and the technical, legal, and esthetic aspects of book publishing and bibliography; libraries; publishing Eileen McIlvaine is Head of Reference in Butler Library at Columbia University; e-mail: mcilvain@columbia.edu. Although it appears under a byline, this list is a project of the reference depart­ ments of Columbia University Libraries and notes are signed with the initials of one of the following staff members: Barbara Sykes-Austin, Avery Library; Jennifer Weintraub, Business Library; Mary Cargill, Anice Mills, Robert H. Scott, Junko Stuveras, Sarah Spurgin Witte, Butler Library; Olha della Cava, Lehman Library; Nancy Friedland, Milstein Undergraduate Library; Elizabeth Davis, Music Library. 156 mailto:mcilvain@columbia.edu Selected Reference Books of 1999 157 houses; organizations; and historical and theoretical articles on a variety of topics. Most articles are brief introductions to their subject, although a core of articles on key topics, including the national sur­ veys, range up to a few pages in length. Most provide at least one or two citations to key literature on the subject. The vol­ ume is generously and helpfully illus­ trated, with many of the reproductions in color. An index of personal names, orga­ nizations and institutions, and titles pro­ vides additional access to the contents. Clearly, this title will be an essential reference for anyone wishing to do seri­ ous research relating to books and pub­ lishing in the Russian context, and it con­ tains much of interest on non-Russian topics as well for those who read Russian. As such, it is an essential acquisition for any serious Russian-language reference collection providing coverage of general, historical or humanities topics.—R.H.S. Periodical Indexes Nitkina, Nina Vasilevna . Russkaia periodicheskaia pechat’: ukazateli soderzhaniia, 1728–1995. (The Russian Periodical Press: Indexes, 1728–1995). Sankt-Peterburg: Rossiiskaia Natsional’naia Biblioteka, 1998. 799p. (ISBN 5-8192-0008-X). LCCN 99­ 194392. Researchers seeking topical bibliogra­ phies of periodical articles from Russian- language publications have long had a difficult task. Indexing is scattered in a variety of publications, many of them re­ quiring considerable labor to extract the data they contain. An important new source for those seeking to begin such work is this volume representing the lat­ est guide to indexing of Russian periodi­ cal literature from the earliest such pub­ lication, the 1728 Kratkow opisanie kommentariev Akademii nauk (Brief descrip­ tion of the commentaries of the Academy of Sciences), down to 1995. It is a continua­ tion and supersedes the earlier classic works in this area: Masonov, Ukazateli soderzhaniia russkikh zhurnalov i prodolzhaiushchikhsia izdanii 1735–1970gg (Indexes of the contents of Russian journals and serial publications, 1755–1970) and its supplement, which covered the period 1971–1985 (AD326). The current work rep­ resents a perfecting of that earlier publi­ cation, consolidating the material, bring­ ing the coverage up to date, and providing a more solid survey of the ma­ terial by concluding a much more com­ prehensive physical examination of the publications listed. Unlike its predecessors, this volume does not distinguish between pre-1917 and post-1917 publications. Rather, it treats all of its material in two consoli­ dated sections, the first devoted to gen­ eral and multiple-journal indexes (with listings for more than three titles) and the second to indexing for individual journal titles (including works that index the holdings of two titles together). Entries in the first group are arranged by author (or title for works with more than three authors), and those in the second group by the latest form of the publication’s title, with cross-references from earlier forms. (An important and potentially confusing exception, particularly for later users, is that made for the many journals that dropped the adjective Soviet or USSR from their titles in the 1990s or substituted such terms as national or Russian for those words. These are listed under their older titles, and the only indication of the title change is found in a footnote rather than a cross-reference.) Each entry provides basic bibliographic and publication infor­ mation and, where appropriate, notes in­ dicating years and/or titles covered, parts in which the index was issued, the ar­ rangement of entries, any supplementary indexes provided, and the total number of citations included. The list of individual titles includes entries (and cross-refer­ ences) for journals covered by collective works in the first section only when those works covered ten or fewer titles. Unfor­ tunately, this means that nowhere in this work can one find a complete list of peri­ odicals covered because notes in the first section also do not provide a list of indi­ vidual titles when their number exceeds 158 College & Research Libraries March 2000 ten. Clearly, there is a need here for a supplemental listing of all the titles cov­ ered. Although this work will be essential as the sole listing of its kind, one that no Rus­ sian reference collection can afford to be without, it is important to note the areas that it does not cover. As the editors note, indexes to newspapers and annual listings of the contents of a journal volume are not included. Nor are bibliographies of peri­ odical articles that do not clearly represent a more or less full accounting of the con­ tents of particular journals. Finally, al­ though no real statement of the fact is pro­ vided in the introduction, there is virtu­ ally no coverage of indexes to the contents of émigré or samizdat publications. Add to this the fact that many of the indexes listed here are often hard to find, particularly in libraries in this country, and it is clear that much still remains to be done to bring the rich bibliography of this field under satisfactory control. The volume presented here, however, repre­ sents an important step forward along that road.—R.H.S. Palmegiano, E. M. Health and British Magazines in the Nineteenth Century. Lanham, Md.: Scarecrow, 1998. 282p. $59.50 (ISBN 0-81088-3486-3). LC 98­ 3909. This useful compilation is a listing of ar­ ticles that appeared in forty-eight general interest titles—the Cornhill Magazine, for instance, and not Lancet. The journals are treated alphabetically, and the citations are listed under them in chronological order; a few have brief, useful annota­ tions. There are separate author and sub­ ject indexes. The subject index is quite detailed, but occasionally confusing. The listing under “drowning,” for instance, includes a note to “see also specific jobs.” Presumably, sailors are at risk, but there is nothing under that heading. The list­ ing under “insanity” also refers the user to “specific forms” but does not list the specific headings used. The introduction is a useful, though somewhat jargon-filled, summary of Vic­ torian attitudes: “the class bias of this dis­ course permeated other accounts of un­ well youths” appears just before the sen­ tence “In myriad words, penmen etched patterns of parents’ disinterest in or dam­ age to their progeny,” making me long for the clarity and clear thinking of those Vic­ torian penmen. Scholars of medical history seeking technical information on nineteenth-cen­ tury British medicine will still rely on the venerable Index-Catalogue of the Library of the Surgeon General’s Office (EH47), but this is a useful supplement and should be es­ pecially helpful to those working in nine­ teenth-century social history.—M.C. Philosophy and Religion American Jewish Desk Reference. New York: Random House, 1999. (Produced by the Philip Lief Group). 642p. il. $39.95 (ISBN 0-375-40243-8). LCCN 99­ 37154. This single-volume work includes nearly 900 entries on all aspects of American Jew­ ish history and culture. Sponsored by the American Jewish Historical Society, the notable list of contributors includes Geoffrey Wigoder, who edited the Encyclopaedia Judaica (BC546). The work is divided into fourteen parts covering topics such as the history of Jews in America; rituals and holidays; law; American Zionism; business, education, and intellectual life; sports and games; music, dance, and theater. Within each part, entries are arranged alphabetically and include essays on topics, organiza­ tions and movements, and biographies. At the end of each part, a useful bibliog­ raphy is included for further reading. The topical essays are well written and pro­ vide a good overview of the subject. The biographies provide concise introduc­ tions to the personality, with a focus on that individual’s achievements. Cross-references are bolded through­ out the text, and several of the biographies are supplemented with photographs of the individual. There are several ways to access the contents: a detailed table of contents providing a listing of all of the Selected Reference Books of 1999 159 entries and a comprehensive index in­ valuable for searching specific topics. Also included are two appendixes: a bibliog­ raphy for works on Jews around the world, and a listing of organizations and resources. Highly recommended for any collection.—N.F. Edinburgh Encyclopedia of Continental Philosophy; Ed. Simon Glendinning. Edinburgh: Edinburgh Univ. Pr., 1999. 685p. $135 (ISBN 0-7486-0783-8). LCCN GB99-28857. This encyclopedia, a group work of some sixty contributors and editors, mostly American and British, aims to meet the growing interest in the continental tradi­ tion among English-speaking scholars who have tended to favor analytical phi­ losophy and have regarded continental philosophy as a tradition from which they wanted to distance themselves. This in­ terest in continental ideas has been espe­ cially strong among literature and lan­ guage specialists. The encyclopedia’s purpose is to provide “the philosophical context of the [Continental] attitudes be­ ing explored … by offering a compre­ hensive and in-depth overview of the cen­ tral movements, authors and themes that comprise what has become known as the Continental tradition of philosophy” (Pref.). The encyclopedia follows a topical ar­ rangement devoting a chapter each to (1) classical idealism; (2) philosophy of ex­ istence; (3) philosophies of life and un­ derstanding; (4) phenomenology; (5) poli­ tics, psychoanalysis, and science; (6) The Frankfurt School and critical theory; (7) structuralism; and (8) poststructuralism. Each chapter contains an introduction that gives the overview and then, typi­ cally, offers six or seven essays on repre­ sentative thinkers of various shades and persuasions within the school. Each es­ say is accompanied by a bibliography of works by and about the philosopher. Sub­ ject and name indexes are provided. The encyclopedia can be used as both the sur­ vey of European philosophy from Kant to Derrida and the resource to read about a specific philosopher or idea with the help of the subject index. Recommended for college and university libraries as well as public research libraries.—J.S. Bergman, Jerry. Jehovah’s Witnesses: A Comprehensive and Selectively Annotated Bibliography. Bibliographies and In­ dexes in Religious Studies, 48. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1999. 351p. $69.50 (ISBN 0-313-30510-2). LC 98-37845. As the millennium approaches, there is increasing interest in the various utopian and religious groups; and this extremely detailed bibliography, with its useful in­ troduction and its evenhanded treatment of the history of the movement, should be useful to someone beginning research in the field as well as to religious schol­ ars. Though there is no subject index, there is a detailed table of contents that should help users locate works on specific issues. Unfortunately, the secondary material is divided by type, so books, dissertations, and journal articles are listed separately, which means that locating all relevant secondary material involves much brows­ ing. This bibliography is particularly use­ ful for its detailed listing of official litera­ ture, compiled by the author over a pe­ riod of years, including visits to the head­ quarters at Bethel in the 1960s. As the author notes, many of these items are no longer accessible, and he discusses the difficulties involved in locating this ma­ terial. All the more reason scholars will be grateful that this material has been documented.—M.C. Literature Moral, Rafael del. Enciclopedia de la novela española. Barcelona: Planeta, 1999. 712p. (ISBN 84-08-02666-6). LCCN 99­ 5162686. This dictionary covers six centuries of Spanish narrative literature arranged al­ phabetically by novel title. A chronologi­ cal table of fiction from the 1440s to 1998 enables the user to trace the history of Spanish fiction. A substantial bibliogra­ 160 College & Research Libraries March 2000 phy (pp. 645–75) lists monographs and articles in specialized periodicals relating to literary criticism, surveys, literary his­ tory, theories, and commentaries on in­ dividual works of fiction. The author in­ dex, which lists the author ’s works with the date of publication and the index of characters, completes the volume. The dictionary covers novels discussed in cited works of literary criticism and history and those titles that are regularly included in the programs of study in Spanish secondary schools and universi­ ties. For each title, bibliographic informa­ tion (author, publication date, relation to other works of the author) is given along with a brief note on the theme, the author ’s purpose, outline of the story, critical evaluation, and a bibliography of commentaries and critical works (with full citation in the bibliography section). This is a handy guide to Spanish fiction and works on the genre.—J.S. Music Helander, Brock. The Rockin’ ’60s: The People Who Made the Music. New York: Schirmer, 1999. 461p. il. $20 paper (ISBN 0-02-8648730). LCCN 98-49457. A noted writer on rock music, Helander provides a “critical and histori­ cal discography of rock and soul music in the 1960s, covering major musical art­ ists” (Pref.). Included are eighty-six entries for group performers, forty for individual performers, and about a dozen for indi­ viduals important to the rock scene dur­ ing this time as songwriters, disc jockeys, record company founders, concert or record producers, and newspaper pub­ lishers. The author based this volume and a companion, The Rockin’ ’50s (New York: Schirmer, 1998), on his earlier publications on rock music. Entries are listed alphabetically by name of group or last name of individual. Both individual and group entries con­ tain birth and death dates, place of birth, name at birth, and performing medium, when applicable. The body of the entries has some biographical information, but, in general, the author focuses on describ­ ing the creative and performing career of the subject. The discographies aim at completeness and include record albums, cassettes, and compact discs that were regularly re­ leased in the Unites States on commer­ cial labels. Foreign releases are excluded unless their record labels were normally distributed in this country. Discography entries are listed by date of recording, with anthology and compilation albums listed after individual album titles. Bibliographies accompany individual entries, and an extensive bibliography covering thirty years of publications is provided. A detailed index of names and song/album titles enables the reader to locate individual personnel within per­ forming groups, as well as individual songs from albums. This volume provides solid discographical and bibliographical infor­ mation and career summaries on the ma­ jor figures in rock music during a semi­ nal decade of its development.—E.D. Art Bénézit, Emmanuel. Dictionnaire critique et documentaire des peintres, sculpteurs, dessinateurs et graveurs de tous les temps et de tous les pays par un groupe d’écrivains spécialistes français et étrangers. Nouvelle éd., entièrement refondue sous la direction de Jacques Busse. Paris: Gründ, 1999. 14v. $700 (ISBN 2-7000-3010-9). This fourth edition of the French dictio­ nary of international artists’ biographies follows the pattern set in the previous editions with an ever-increasing number of volumes (from ten to fourteen), histori­ cal currency tables in volume one for use in determining auction price equivalen­ cies for works of art listed in the artist entries, and the inclusion of artists’ sig­ natures and monograms. Nearly 200,000 artists are included “from all times and all countries” (accord­ ing to the title), but the emphasis remains primarily European. Each entry, which can run from as few as three lines to as many as fourteen columns (e.g., Picasso), Selected Reference Books of 1999 161 is arranged alphabetically under a bold heading, with dates of birth and death, nationality, media and themes employed in the oeuvre (in slightly bolder type than the text to distinguish quickly the type of artist), followed by one or more para­ graphs of narrative biography on chro­ nology, training, description of the artist’s work, analysis of style, and list of exhibi­ tions. A monogram, signature, or bibliog­ raphy may be included. Next is a listing of museums holding the artist’s work, followed by a chronology of auction prices. Most entries are unsigned. At the end of each letter of the alphabet is a list of monograms of anonymous artists who have signed their work using that letter. A general bibliography completes the last volume. Although not as comprehensive as the massive, but unfinished, Allgemeines Künstlerlexikon: die bildenden Künstler aller Zeiten und Völker (BF135), begun in 1983 and only completed as far as the letter C after twenty-two volumes, Bénézit will continue to prove useful to those with a reading knowledge of the romance lan­ guages and, with ten times the number of biographies as the new Grove Dictio­ nary of Art Online, reviewed below, is still required on art reference shelves.—B.S.­ A. Grove Dictionary of Art Online (text [HTML] and graphics). London: Macmillan; New York: Grove’s Dictio­ naries, (in progress). $1,500/year online only; $1,000/year with existing printed volumes. http://www.groveart.com. The online version of the printed 34­ volume Dictionary of Art, reviewed here in March 1997, is more than just a repack­ aging of the original. Its annual subscrip­ tion price can be justified by the inclusion of new and revised articles (numbering just over 45,000 as of October 1999), ac­ cess to 35,000 images via the Bridgeman Art Library (holdings from more than 800 museum and private collections, plus public art and architectural sites), 25,000 external image links, and links to 650 art- related Web sites, all totaling well over 100,000 images by the end of 1999, num­ bers that will continue to grow. The schedule of online revisions in­ volves a yearly review of at least six sub­ ject areas, which also will appear as printed supplements to the Dictionary of Art, arranged as encyclopedias for Afri­ can, American, ancient, Asian, Australasia and European art, published collectively as the Grove Library of World Art. New bib­ liographical citations and contributors for the revised articles will be added to the database on a regular basis. Biographies will be updated with death dates for con­ temporary persons already in the Dictio­ nary of Art, plus entries for new artists (fifty in the October update). Currency and quality of the Web sites will be of particular interest to users of this feature. Links appear in sidebars alongside the text articles and as separate access points via the Bridgeman Library images and “interesting Websites” links on the home page. A quarterly review schedule by Dictionary staff to keep abreast of changes and additions to these sites has been initiated, along with the participation of the major image provid­ ers to maintain functionality. Image qual­ ity is consequently only as good as the providers’ own sites and predictably ranges from good to poor to inaccessible, depending on copyright restrictions. A search can be initiated from the home page on an artist or subject heading (i.e., article title) from the “article search” win­ dow but can lead to false hits or no re­ sults for more specific queries, such as in­ dividual works of art. Clicking on the “search” button, instead, provides the choice of either an article or full-text search and gives help on concept (syn­ onyms, plurals), patterns (spelling vari­ ants), expert (weighted), and Boolean searching techniques for better results from a full-text search. In addition, there are options for highlighting text and ex­ plaining search results. After an article is found, a sidebar links to the external im­ ages, maps, charts and diagrams, and to abbreviations, related articles, a table of contents, and the bibliography. Searching http:http://www.groveart.com 162 College & Research Libraries March 2000 directly for bibliographies and contribu­ tors is also possible from the search screen. The index can be searched or browsed alphabetically, and there is ample flexibility from the Excalibur search engine to allow for easy movement between screens and among multiple- search results. This is a growing and evolving prod­ uct that will serve an ever-widening au­ dience as it expands access to reliable art historical scholarship and convenient image location, truly an exemplar of the melding of electronic text and image that libraries now require and users are com­ ing to expect.—B.S.-A. Photography McDarrah, Fred W. The Photography En­ cyclopedia. New York: Schirmer, 1999. 689p. il. $80 (ISBN 0-02-865025-5). LCCN 98-46084. Intended as “a comprehensive overview of the medium in a single, easy-to-use volume” (Introd.), this handsomely pro­ duced encyclopedia highlights current trends, techniques, and photographers. Similar in form to the 1984 edition of the ICP Encyclopedia of Photography (BF341), this volume focuses less on the history of the medium and more on the contempo­ rary influences and contributors from the world of photography today. Primarily consisting of biographical entries and definitions of photographic terminology, there is a notable emphasis on women photographers, younger pho­ tographers and conceptual artists whose work encompasses photography. Other contributors to the field, including cura­ tors, museum directors, archivists, collec­ tors, critics, and historians, are included in individual entries as well. The entries are arranged alphabetically, with cross- references noted in bold-faced type. Though brief, the biographical entries are often paired with full- or half-page black­ and-white photographs, a fitting visual enhancement to the factual details of an artist’s life and work. An extensive appendix following the alphabetic entries covers everything from awards to American booksellers, galler­ ies, and manufacturers to a time line of major dates in the development of pho­ tography. However, the end matter seems to be arranged in a somewhat haphazard fashion. It would have made more sense to arrange these sections by relative im­ portance rather than alphabetically. For instance, the time line would be better suited at the beginning of the appendix than at the end. The section entitled “Book Reviews” serves as the bibliography. Brief annota­ tions are given for more than three hun­ dred books on and about photography; however, one would have liked some editorial comment as to why these par­ ticular books were included in this sec­ tion or some arrangement of them by sub­ ject or relevance. These minor complaints aside, this encyclopedia is a valuable reference source for students of photography as well as for those interested in contempo­ rary culture. Moreover, it is a rewarding book to browse through for its impres­ sive selection of photographic images.— A.M. Social Sciences Barbuto, Dominica M. American Settle­ ment Houses and Progressive Social Re­ form: An Encyclopedia of the American Settlement Movement. Phoenix, Ariz.: Oryx, 1999. 270p. $74.95 (ISBN 1­ 57356-146-0). LCCN 99-28054. The author had several aims in mind in this coverage of the men and women, in­ stitutions, and events of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Besides a description of the more prominent settle­ ment houses and their programs, she in­ cludes “explanations of the religious, so­ cial, or labor movements that influenced those involved in the settlements … , so­ cial organizations that influenced or were influenced by the settlement movement … , descriptions of the significant publica­ tions by individuals associated with the movement … and of legislation relevant to the work” (Pref.). The 230 entries range from the National Housing Association, Selected Reference Books of 1999 163 the Visiting Nurse Service, the National Civil Liberties Bureau, to Lewis Hine and Jacob Schiff and Olivia Hill, to the Pitts­ burgh Survey and How the Other Half Lives to Christian socialism and Dumbbell ten­ ements. Of course, specific settlement houses such as Hiram House and Henry Street Settlement are treated, although not as many as one would have thought. The Children’s Aid Society is included, but only within the article on Charles Loring Brace. Each article has a summary with a brief bibliography citing standard sources such as the Encyclopedia of New York City (ed. Kenneth T. Jackson, New Haven: 1995), Notable American Women (AH66), and the Biographical Dictionary of Social Welfare in America (CC39). No primary sources are cited, which is a disappointment as there have been several recent surveys such as the NYC Settlement House Records Sur­ vey at LaGuardia Community College as well as the collecting initiatives at the Uni­ versity of Minnesota’s Social Welfare His­ tory Archives. The index is quite useful, with sub­ headings and cross-references, and there is a Bibliography of Printed Resources (pp. 241–45). Barbuto has produced a good starting point.—E.M. Crawford, Elizabeth. The Women’s Suf­ frage Movement: A Reference Guide, 1866–1928. London: UCL Pr., 1999. 785p. £110 (ISBN 1-84142-031-X). This is a wonderful reference tool for re­ searching the British women’s suffrage movement. Entries are arranged alphabeti­ cally with an excellent balance between long, comprehensive entries on suffragists, organizations, and topics and brief entries for specific local chapters and committees. The entries are clear and well written. An interesting feature is the inclusion of con­ temporary street addresses (with dates and address changes) for individuals and or­ ganizations. Entries also provide bibliog­ raphies, the location of archives, and the existence of photographs. The author reports that “most of the research for this reference source has been based on archival sources, relying as little as possible on secondary materials” (Introd.), a refreshing change from the re­ cent plethora of Facts on File and ABC­ CLIO encyclopedias that do nothing more than repackage existing scholarship. In addition to the entries for some 400 suf­ fragists and 800 societies, there are fasci­ nating essays on a variety of subjects: china and silver; film (newsreels and fea­ ture films); jewelry and badges; libraries (with an interesting discussion of the li­ brary at Holloway where many suffrag­ ists were imprisoned); newspapers and journals; novels; postcards; and songs. Each essay includes extensive lists of pri­ mary source material for each genre. Unfortunately, there is no index or list of topics so that librarians should take a minute to familiarize themselves with the wealth of information in the Reference Guide. Without doubt, it is the best women’s studies reference book pub­ lished in recent years and is recom­ mended for all libraries supporting work in the British suffrage movements. Let us hope for a future volume covering the American women’s suffrage move- ment.—S.S.W. Encyclopedia of Violence, Peace and Conflict. Ed. Lester Kurtz. San Diego, London: Academic Pr., 1999. 3v. (2,175p.) il. $625 (ISBN 0-12227010-X). The Encyclopedia of Violence, Peace and Conflict is an ambitious work, superbly executed. Its purpose, as stated in the pref­ ace, is “to bring together in one place a broad range of information and perspec­ tives on violence, peace, and conflict in order to enhance our understanding of these crucial phenomena and to stimulate new research, insights, and better public policies.” It accomplishes this purpose by casting a wide net—admitting the broad­ est possible variety of definitions for the three concepts and drawing on scholar­ ship from a broad spectrum of disciplines. With this all-encompassing scope, the editor hopes to provide a comprehensive picture of the current state of knowledge about violence, peace, and conflict, while 164 College & Research Libraries March 2000 admitting that that picture is only a snap­ shot of a rapidly changing area of inquiry. The body of this three-volume work is composed of 196 articles covering such disparate topics as peace education, trends in warfare, cruelty toward animals, ethnic conflict, drug control policies, and child abuse. Each article begins with an outline that indicates its general content, followed by a glossary in which terms important to the understanding of the article are defined. The first paragraph always gives a definition of the topic un­ der discussion and summarizes the con­ tent of the article. Access to the topics is manifold: first, through the alphabetical arrangement of articles by title, with a conscious effort to begin the title with a key word or phrase indicating the topic; second, through a list of articles arranged under fifteen subject areas into which the overall field of violence, peace, and con­ flict has been divided; third, through an exhaustive back-of-the-book subject in­ dex; and fourth, through cross-references within an article to related articles. A bib­ liography concludes each article entry. It is clear that much thought has gone not only into the content, but also into the organization of the work. Comprehen­ siveness, diversity of viewpoint, scholarly rigor, clarity of presentation, and ease of access are the hallmarks of this encyclo­ pedia. For this reason, it is of great value not only to students of the field, but also to practitioners and the generally curi­ ous.—O.d.C. New York Public Library African Ameri­ can Desk Reference. New York: John Wiley and Sons, 1999. (Sponsored by the Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture). 606p. il. $34.95 (ISBN 0-471-23924-0). The Schomburg Center for Research in Black Cultures of the New York Public Library is one of the foremost research li­ braries in the world on black history and culture, and its sponsorship of this latest New York Public Library desk reference work is significant. Intended for the gen­ eral user, this desk reference provides current information on the important as­ pects of black life and culture. “It surveys the story of Africans in the Americas, in­ cluding the Caribbean, from slavery through contemporary political and civil rights movements” (Foreword). The work is arranged by topical subject into nine­ teen parts. The topics include, among oth­ ers, slavery and freedom, politics and civil rights, education, business, literature and language, and performing arts. Although some sections offer an infor­ mative and diverse mix of text, data, charts, lists, and a bibliography; others are in need of more content and better edit­ ing. For example, the literature and lan­ guage section includes a discussion of lit­ erary movements and provides a list of African-American winners of major liter­ ary prizes, African-American bookstores, publishers, literary organizations, and notable African-American writers. The performing arts section, which covers dance, theater, film, and television, fol­ lows a similar format but falls short of content. In addition, an entry for Spike Lee appears in the media section while his films are listed in the performing arts section. For additional sources on film, the readers must go to the media section, even though film is discussed in the perform­ ing arts section. This is confusing for the reader. Regardless, the work is filled with useful information and is recommended for any collection.—N.F. Business Kalorama Academic. Bethesda, Md.: Kalorama Information (in progress). www.marketresearch.com/kalorama. This database attempts to satisfy the need for full-text market research in the aca­ demic library. Because such full-text in­ formation is usually unaffordable, univer­ sities and colleges have had to be satisfied with out-of-date print reports on a lim­ ited number of subjects. This database is a subset of Kalorama’s commercial cata­ log of market research reports. Although not extensive enough to be useful to ev­ eryone needing market research informa­ www.marketresearch.com/kalorama Selected Reference Books of 1999 165 tion, Kalorama Academic is a good basic resource for students and faculty for aca­ demic projects. Kalorama Academic includes market re­ search in twenty subject areas, such as beverages, food, office supplies, and tele­ communications. Some of the subjects, such as personal care, have as many as twenty-three reports on different seg­ ments of that industry dated from 1995 to 1999. Others have only one or two re­ ports from different years. Although Kalorama Academic is inconsistent in size and coverage, it is a new database. The vendor has already added some reports and will continue to add more over the next year. The reports themselves are long and detailed, up to several hundred pages each. They can be viewed in PDF format, required Adobe Acrobat reader, or down­ loaded on a hard drive or disc. They dif­ fer in ease of navigation. Each is compre­ hensive, detailing the major player of an industry, sales figures, and market share in each sector and for each product. The search capabilities of the database are ba­ sic at best. The search engine indexes only words in the abstract. In addition, it will return reports that include one word and not the other. Although this is inconve­ nient, browsing the collection is easy. Kalorama Academic is an affordable product that provides very detailed mar­ ket research reports. Although it is not as comprehensive in subject matter or as timely as librarians would like, it should prove useful for both graduate and un­ dergraduate students and faculty.—J.W. History Encyclopedia of Historians and Historical Writing. Ed. Kelly Boyd. London, Chi­ cago: Fitzroy Dearborn, 1999. 2v. (1,562p.) $270 (ISBN 1-884964-33-8). LC 98-193149. This two-volume encyclopedia covers the history of historiography worldwide from the earliest time to the current, from Confucius and Herodotus to Eric Foner, Simon Schama, and the Australian femi­ nist historian Marilyn Lake, who is the youngest of the distinguished historians included in these volumes. The work at­ tempts to go beyond the “Western His­ torical Canon,” exploring historical writ­ ings of all ages and all places through three types of essays. The first discusses individual historians with the emphasis on their scholarly works “in the context of historiographical developments and debates” (Editor’s Note). The second type focuses on a specific nation or geographic area. And the third, topical essays, cov­ ers (1) subdisciplines of history such as economic history, (2) methods of histori­ cal inquiry from prosopography to the use of the computer, and (3) the most sig­ nificant historical debates on topics such as the Industrial Revolution and slavery. Entries are, in general, readable and informative; and each article is accompa­ nied by a good bibliography. As for the people included in this reference work, some are not strictly historians but, rather, philosophers and thinkers who influ­ enced historical writing, such as Clifford Geertz, the cultural anthropologist. The encyclopedia is accompanied by an Alphabetical List of Entries, a Thematic List for Entries by Category, and a Chro­ nological List of Historians. These lists, duplicated in both volumes, are useful for quick checking of the coverage and scope. Included, too, are the Title Index (index to titles of works cited in the articles), Further Reading Index (author/editor index to bibliographies that accompany articles), and Notes on Advisers and Con­ tributors (brief notes on contributors’ in­ stitutional affiliation and major works). On the whole, the encyclopedia is well indexed and easy to use whether you want to learn about an individual histo­ rian or the historiography of a country.— J.S. New editions Two editions of standard desk dictionar­ ies have been revised. Random House Webster’s College Dictionary (2nd Random House ed., 1999. 1,571p. $24.95; 1st ed. 1991. AC19; previously titled Random House College Dictionary) is a complete re­ 166 College & Research Libraries March 2000 write of the definitions and the usage notes but still rarely gives derivation. New is a “ready reference” supplement with a Guide for Writers, Forms of Ad­ dress, and a list of Words Most Often Misspelled and Words Commonly Con­ fused. The chapter titled “Avoiding Sex­ ist Language” is now titled “Avoiding Insensitive and Offensive Language.” Webster’s New World College Dictionary, edited by Michael Agnes, is in its fourth college edition (New York: Macmillan, 1999. 1,716p. $21.95; 3d ed. 1988. AC20) and has made great efforts to keep current; thus, we find the terms get go and ghetto blaster. The syllabification has been revised and is more sensible. The volume also has a reference supplement for maps, mon­ etary units, the Constitution, populations of cities and countries, books of the Bible, a geologic time clock, and so on. K.G. Saur, Munich, produced a two- part microfiche reprint called American Biographical Archive. Accompanying it now is a ten-volume American Biographi­ cal Index, compiled by Laureen Baillie (Munich: Saur, 1998) in a second cumu­ lated and enlarged edition. These vol­ umes can be used as a reference tool in their own right for verification, for brief biographical information, and as an in­ dex to one’s own biographical dictionary collection. Saur also published the Deutsche biographische Enzyklopädiae, ed­ ited by Walther Killy (Munich, 1995– 1999), whose alphabet has been com­ pleted with Band 10 covering Thibaut- Zycha (711p.). Two volumes of indexes have been announced for publication in 1999–2000. The Aslib Directory of Information Sources in the United Kingdom, compiled by Keith W. and Jeremy M.E. Reynard, is based on information “supplied by the organisations themselves in response to questionnaires and/or telephone inquir­ ies” (Verso). This edition, the tenth, (Lon­ don: Aslib, 1998. 1,505p. $250; 9th ed., 1996. AK141) adds five hundred entries, many of them dealing with local history. The in­ dexing and the cross-references have been increased. The first edition of the Cambridge Dic­ tionary of Philosophy appeared in 1995, edited by Robert Audi. Now already there is a second edition, also edited by Audi (Cambridge University Press, 1999. 1,001p. $74.95), with four hundred new entries including fifty on preeminent, contemporary philosophers. This volume has concentrated on rapidly developing fields such as bioethics; environmental, medical, and professional ethics; politi­ cal philosophy; and non-Western philoso­ phies. There is an appendix for special symbols and logical notations. Volume 7 of the Encyclopedia of Indian Philosophies (1996. BB33) took up Buddhist philosophy in South Asia, with Abhidharma Buddhism to 150 AD and sum­ marized texts of philosophical interest, theoretical and polemical. Now volume 8 continues the coverage of Buddhism with Buddhist Philosophy from 100 to 350 AD, edited by Karl H. Potter (Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, 1999. 827p. R600). The bibliographies in Slavery and Slav­ ing in World History first appeared as an­ nual installments in the journal, Slavery and Abolition, 1980–1996. The citations published 1900 through 1991 were com­ piled by Joseph C. Miller as Slavery and Slaving in World History, a Bibliography, 1900–1982 (Armonk, N.Y.: M.E. Sharpe, 1985. CC328). Citations from 1992 to 1996 are consolidated into what is now volume 2 of Slavery and Slaving in World History (1999. 244p. $85). Notable is an increas­ ing interest in literary output, for ex­ ample, writing by the slaves themselves. A historiographical survey appears in the Introduction, pp. ix–xxi. The revised and expanded edition of the Women’s Studies Encyclopedia (Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1999. 3v. $295) focuses on the American experience as did the first edition (1989–1991. CC537) but adds “more articles on contemporary conditions for women in specific coun­ tries or regions” (Introd.). Besides updat­ ing the articles, it offers greater coverage of women in public life and violence against women. A CD-ROM version is available from the publisher ($295.00). Selected Reference Books of 1999 167 Brian Mitchell has revised the Interna­ tional Historical Statistics: Europe (CG189), International Historical Statistics: The Americas (CG70) International Historical Statistics: Africa, Asia and Oceania (CG375) to update the time period to 1750–1993 (London: Macmillan Reference; New York: Stockton Pr., 1998. $350 each). All volumes have dropped the section on cli­ mate and added statistics on money sup­ ply. Mitchell has made every effort to sup­ ply demographic statistics for the new countries evolving from Yugoslavia and the USSR from 1945 but has not always been successful. Gallup has issued polls since October 20, 1935, and these have been cumulated into the Gallup Poll: Public Opinion, an annual presentation (CJ487) that has now reached twenty-five volumes. Alec M. Gallup has indexed these volumes of polls into The Gallup Poll Cumulative Index: Pub­ lic Opinion, 1935–1997 (Wilmington, Del.: Scholarly Resources, 1999. 596p. $150). Under an index term the citation gives the year and page to the annual cumulation. The letter t after the page number refers to an opinion trend. George C. Kohn’s Dictionary of Wars has grown to 1,800 entries, including de­ scriptions of very current conflicts such as Chiapas, the Ethiopia and Eritrean Border War of 1998, Yugoslavia (New York: Facts on File, 1999. 614p. $75; 1986. DA24). It is still a brief descriptive treat­ ment with no sources cited. The Times History of the World, 5th ed., edited by Richard Overy (London: Times Books, 1999. 375p. 37cm.) is the new name of The Times Atlas of World History (4th ed. 1995. DA58). The maps are redrawn and recolored, there are more pictures, and the compiler has relied on digitized map making. The bibliography was updated to the mid-1990s. Encyclopedia USA: The Encyclopedia of the United States of America Past and Present (DB47) has begun a supplement (Gulf Breeze, Fla.: Academic International Pr., 1997–1998. v.1–2). The publisher asserts that these articles treat current topics or came in too late for the original volumes. They expect a supplement volume to cover three letters of the alphabet; however, in Supplement II we have articles on AAUP; All Star Game; Americanism; Fran Allison; America, Naming of; Sadie Tanner Mosell Alexander. The table of contents is on the last few pages. In the main alphabet the coverage has reached to volume 26, 1999, which covers Education, Antebellum South to Ellis, Seth Hockett. Also new is Index Volume 2, which covers volumes 11– 20, 1989–1994 (1999. 248p.): Chickamauga and Chattanooga National Military Park to Detective Story.