College and Research Libraries Official Checklists and Indexes Versus Cataloging of Government Publications: A Symposium THE FOLLOWING f o u r p a p e r s , i n a d d i t i o n t o a n i n t r o d u c t i o n b y J e r o m e K . W i l c o x , w e r e p r e s e n t e d a t t h e m e e t i n g o f t h e A m e r i c a n L i b r a r y A s s o c i a t i o n C o m m i t t e e o n P u b l i c D o c u m e n t s , C l e v e l a n d , O h i o , J u l y 1 9 , 1 9 5 0 . T h e J a n u a r y 1 9 5 1 i s s u e of College and Research Libraries c a r r i e d a s y m p o s i u m c o n c e r n e d w i t h v a r i o u s a s p e c t s of f e d e r a l d e p o s i t o r y l i b r a r i e s a n d t h e o r g a n i z a t i o n of g o v e r n m e n t p u b l i c a t i o n s . Introductory Statement Mr. Wilcox is past chairman, A.L.J. Pub- lic Documents Committee. LIBRARIES t o d a y , e s p e c i a l l y c o l l e g e , u n i v e r s i t y j a n d r e s e a r c h l i b r a r i e s , a r e f a c e d w i t h t w o v e r y s e r i o u s s p a c e p r o b l e m s . F i r s t , t h e r e is t h e e v e r - i n c r e a s i n g b o o k , p e r i o d i c a l a n d d o c u m e n t c o l l e c t i o n . S e c o n d l y , t h e r e is t h e g r o w t h of t h e p u b l i c c a r d c a t a l o g w i t h i t s s u p - p o r t i n g s h e l f l i s t a n d o f f i c i a l c a t a l o g . W h i l e t h e l a t t e r is t h e l e s s e r s p a c e p r o b l e m , it c o n - s t i t u t e s , a n n u a l l y , a s u b s t a n t i a l i t e m in e v e r y l i b r a r y b u d g e t . I n t h e p a s t it w a s c o m m o n p r a c t i c e of c a t a l o g e r s , w i t h o r w i t h o u t e n - c o u r a g e m e n t f r o m t h e r e f e r e n c e s t a f f , t o p l a c e a n a l y t i c s in t h e c a r d c a t a l o g f o r t h e s u b j e c t c o n t e n t s of a n y n e w s u b j e c t b i b l i o g r a p h y . I n t h e p u b l i c d o c u m e n t f i e l d t h e L i b r a r y of C o n - g r e s s h a s f o r y e a r s b e e n p r e p a r i n g a n a l y t i c a l c a r d s f o r s u c h s e r i e s a s t h e O f f i c e of E d u c a - t i o n B u l l e t i n s a n d t h e B u r e a u of L a b o r S t a - t i s t i c s B u l l e t i n s . A l l of t h i s a n a l y s i s h a s b e e n u n d e r t a k e n w i t h o u t m u c h , if a n y , t h o u g h t g i v e n t o t h e p o s s i b i l i t y of c o o r d i n a t i n g s u b - s t a n t i a l s u b j e c t b i b l i o g r a p h y w i t h t h e c a r d c a t a l o g r a t h e r t h a n s y s t e m a t i c a l l y a d d i n g t h e c o n t e n t s t o t h e c a r d c a t a l o g . F u r t h e r , w e h a v e f o r y e a r s b e e n l e d t o b e - l i e v e t h a t e v e r y b i b l i o g r a p h i c a l e f f o r t i n c l u d - i n g t h e c a r d c a t a l o g m u s t b e in d i c t i o n a r y c a t a l o g o r d e r ; t h a t is, a u t h o r , t i t l e , a n d s u b - j e c t a l l i n o n e a l p h a b e t . A t t h e s a m e t i m e t h e c a r d c a t a l o g i t s e l f h a s b e e n b u i l t u p a s a B y J E R O M E K . W I L C O X b i b l i o g r a p h i c a l t o o l , p e r f e c t in a l l b i b l i o g r a p h i - c a l d e t a i l , r a t h e r t h a n m e r e l y a s i m p l e i n d e x t o t h e l i b r a r y ' s b o o k c o l l e c t i o n . W i t h p r i v a t e a n d p u b l i c f u n d s b e c o m i n g t i g h t e r y e a r l y , w e a r e n o w f o r c e d t o r e c o n s i d e r m a n y of t h e p r a c t i c e s of t h e p a s t . W h a t c a n b e s a c r i f i c e d a n d s t i l l n o t d e c r e a s e t h e efficiency of t h e l i - b r a r y a n d i t s c a r d c a t a l o g ? U n f o r t u n a t e l y , in s p i t e of o u r d i c t i o n a r y c a r d c a t a l o g a n d i t s d e t a i l e d s u b j e c t a n a l y t i c s , w e s t i l l a r e f o r c e d t o h a v e l a r g e r r e f e r e n c e s t a f f s , a n d in t h e l a r g e r u n i v e r s i t y l i b r a r i e s , c a r d c a t a l o g a d v i s e r s a r e b e i n g a d d e d a s w e l l . M a y b e t h e c a r d c a t a l o g s h o u l d n e v e r h a v e b e e n m o r e t h a n a s i m p l e i n d e x t o t h e l i b r a r y ' s c o l l e c t i o n . I n a n y c a s e , h o w e v e r , w e c a n b e g i n r e a l e c o n o m i e s in c o o r d i n a t i n g s u b j e c t a n d a u t h o r b i b l i o g r a p h y w i t h t h e c a r d c a t a - l o g . F u r t h e r , w e s h o u l d e n c o u r a g e a n d t a k e t h e l e a d in s e e i n g t h a t a d e q u a t e p e r i o d i c a l a u t h o r a n d s u b j e c t b i b l i o g r a p h y a r e p r e p a r e d in b o o k f o r m . U n f o r t u n a t e l y , w h e n e v e r b i b l i o g r a p h y is p u b l i s h e d in d i c t i o n a r y c a t a l o g f o r m , t h e c o s t p e r c o p y is g e n e r a l l y h i g h . P u b l i c A f f a i r s I n f o r m a t i o n s e r v i c e , f o r e x - a m p l e , is $ 1 0 0 p e r y e a r , a n d t h e H . W . W i l - s o n C o m p a n y ' s i n d e x e s o n t h e s o - c a l l e d s e r v - ice b a s i s c o s t i n d i v i d u a l l i b r a r i e s a n y w h e r e f r o m a b o u t $ 8 . 0 0 p e r c o p y t o o v e r $ 5 0 0 a c o p y a n n u a l l y . I n t h e g o v e r n m e n t p u b l i c a t i o n s field, w e h a v e a t l e a s t t w o v e n t u r e s w h i c h c a n b e r e a d i l y c o o r d i n a t e d w i t h t h e c a r d c a t a l o g e v e n t h o u g h t h e y a r e n o t in s t r i c t l y 158 • COLLEGE AND RESEARCH LIBRARIES d i c t i o n a r y f o r m . T h e f a c t t h a t t h e y a r e n o t p l a c e s t h e i r a n n u a l s u b s c r i p t i o n p r i c e in t h e r e a l m of b e i n g f i n a n c e d by a n y l i b r a r y . T h e y a r e t h e U.S. Government Publications Monthly Catalog i s s u e d by t h e U . S . S u p e r i n - t e n d e n t of D o c u m e n t s a t $ 3 . 0 0 p e r y e a r , a n d t h e United Nations Documents Index i s s u e d m o n t h l y by t h e D o c u m e n t s I n d e x U n i t of L i - b r a r y S e r v i c e s of t h e U n i t e d N a t i o n s a t $ 7 . 5 0 p e r y e a r . T h e f o l l o w i n g p a p e r s w i l l d i s c u s s t h e a d e q u a c y of t h e s e i n d e x e s a n d o t h e r s in f o u r a r e a s : U n i t e d S t a t e s F e d e r a l , U n i t e d S t a t e s S t a t £ , F o r e i g n a n d I n t e r n a t i o n a l O r - g a n i z a t i o n p u b l i s h i n g . B y I S A B E L H . J A C K S O N United States Federal Publications Aliss Jackson is head, Documents Depart- ment, University of California Library, Berkeley. SURVEYS SHOW t h a t o f f i c i a l i n d e x e s c a n a n d a r e b e i n g u s e d a s s u b s t i t u t e s f o r d e t a i l e d c a t a l o g i n g by m a n y d e p o s i t o r y l i b r a r i e s . T h a t t h e i n d e x e s l e a v e s o m e t h i n g t o b e d e s i r e d in s c o p e a n d c o n t e n t a t t h e p r e s e n t t i m e is n o t t o b e d e n i e d . H o w e v e r , it s e e m s t h a t u n t i l m o r e p e o p l e b e c o m e m o r e v o c a l in t h e i r s u p p o r t of c e n t r a l i n d e x i n g a s s t a n d a r d p r a c t i c e w e s h a l l n o t h a v e a n a l l - p u r p o s e c a t a l o g a n d i n d e x . I f w e c o u l d r e a s o n t h a t f i n a n c i a l s u p p o r t of a n e x h a u s t i v e d o c u m e n t s c a t a l o g w o u l d b e c h e a p e r t h a n f u l l y c a t a l o g i n g p u b l i c a t i o n s i n d e p e n d e n t l y in m o r e t h a n 5 0 0 d e p o s i t o r y li- b r a r i e s , w e w i l l b e o n o u r w a y t o g r e a t e r o p e r a t i o n a l e c o n o m y c o u p l e d w i t h w i d e r u s e of m a t e r i a l . D u r i n g t h e p a s t 15 y e a r s a t t h e U n i v e r s i t y of C a l i f o r n i a L i b r a r y , B e r k e l e y , w e h a v e m a d e s u f f i c i e n t u s e of i n d e x e s a s s u b s t i t u t e s f o r f u l l c a t a l o g i n g t o f e e l t h a t t h e p r i n c i p l e is s o u n d a n d t h a t e c o n o m i e s a r e e f f e c t e d w i t h - o u t d e t r i m e n t t o t h e u s e f u l n e s s of t h e c o l l e c - t i o n . A l t h o u g h i n d e x e s h a d a l w a y s b e e n u s e d t o a m p l i f y t h e a g e n c y l i s t i n g w h i c h is o u r o n l y t r e a t m e n t of u n b o u n d d o c u m e n t s , t h e f i r s t d e l i b e r a t e s u b s t i t u t i o n of i n d e x e s f o r f u l l c a t a l o g i n g w a s a b y - p r o d u c t of a l i b r a r y - w i d e s u r v e y m a d e in t h e 1 9 3 0 ' s . A t t h a t t i m e t h e l i b r a r y d i s c o n t i n u e d m a k i n g a n a l y t i c s f o r s e r i a l p u b l i c a t i o n s a d e q u a t e l y c o v e r e d b y p r i n t e d i n d e x e s . T h e r e f e r e n c e s e r v i c e s w e r e c o n s u l t e d b e f o r e s u c h a c t i o n w a s t a k e n a n d a g r e e d t h a t t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s d o c u m e n t s t i t l e s , m a i n l y i n t h e f i e l d of a g r i c u l t u r e , w e r e a d e q u a t e l y c o v e r e d in official g o v e r n m e n t i n - d e x e s o r p e r i o d i c a l i n d e x e s . A f e w y e a r s l a t e r w e a p p l i e d t h e c r i t e r i o n of a d e q u a t e i n d e x i n g a s o p p o s e d t o f u l l c a t a - l o g i n g t o t h e l a r g e b a c k l o g of u n b o u n d C o n - g r e s s i o n a l h e a r i n g s . A f t e r s t u d y i t w a s c o n - c l u d e d t h a t t h e y c o u l d b e b o u n d i n s e r i e s by c o m m i t t e e a n d b e m a d e r e a d i l y a v a i l a b l e t h r o u g h t h e S e n a t e a n d H o u s e i n d e x e s a n d t h e Monthly Catalog. W e h a d t o a b a n d o n o u r o r i g i n a l i d e a of k e y i n g t h e b o u n d c o l l e c - t i o n t o t h e S e n a t e I n d e x of C o n g r e s s i o n a l C o m m i t t e e H e a r i n g s by c a l l n u m b e r b e c a u s e of t h e d e l a y in i t s p u b l i c a t i o n . H o w e v e r w e f i n d t h a t t h e a u t h o r c a r d i n t h e D o c u m e n t s D e p a r t m e n t c a t a l o g a n d t h e official i n d e x e s p r o v i d e a n a d e q u a t e a p p r o a c h t o t h e c o l l e c - t i o n . W h e n 3 0 o r 4 0 v o l u m e s a r e b o u n d f o r e a c h C o n g r e s s , e a c h c o n t a i n i n g a n a v e r a g e of s i x o r m o r e h e a r i n g s , t h e r e is n o n e e d t o a r g u e t h e e c o n o m y of t h i s m e t h o d o v e r t h e f o r m e r o n e of f u l l y c a t a l o g i n g a n d c l a s s i f y i n g e v e n o n e t h i r d t h a t n u m b e r . C u r r e n t l y w e a r e r e s o r t i n g t o a n e a r l y l i - b r a r y p r a c t i c e of m a k i n g u p m i s c e l l a n e o u s v o l u m e s of d o c u m e n t s , m u c h a s o u r p r e d e c e s - s o r s u s e d t o b i n d c o m p o s i t e v o l u m e s of p a m - p h l e t s o n t h i s o r t h a t s u b j e c t . I n o u r c a s e , h o w e v e r , w e a r e u s i n g t h i s d e v i c e m a i n l y a s a m e t h o d of d e a l i n g w i t h a n u m b e r of d e f u n c t a g e n c i e s w h o s e e n t i r e o u t p u t w a s s m a l l a n d m o r e e c o n o m i c a l l y h a n d l e d a s a u n i t . T h e v o l u m e s a r e b o u n d w i t h t a b l e of c o n t e n t s , g i v e n a g e n e r a l c l a s s i f i c a t i o n n u m b e r a n d c a t a l o g e d b r i e f l y . T h e c a l l n u m b e r f o r t h e v o l u m e is a d d e d t o t h e d o c u m e n t d e p a r t m e n t a u t h o r c a r d s f o r t h e i n d i v i d u a l d o c u m e n t s , a n d t h e o f f i c i a l i n d e x e s a r e r e l i e d o n f o r s p e c i f i c s u b j e c t a p p r o a c h . H e r e a g a i n t h e e c o n o m y in t r e a t m e n t is a p p a r e n t . O n e o b v i o u s c r i t i c i s m is t h a t t h e i n n o c e n t u s e r of t h e g e n e r a l l i b r a r y c a t a l o g is p e n a l - i z e d by t h e e c o n o m i e s j u s t o u t l i n e d . A n e q u a l l y o b v i o u s a n d r a t h e r p e s s i m i s t i c r e p l y is t h a t h e is c h e a t e d i n a n y c a s e if h e d e p e n d s o n t h e g e n e r a l c a t a l o g f o r t h e l a s t w o r d o n APRIL, 1951 15 7 a n y s u b j e c t as t h e c a t a l o g c a n n o t p o s s i b l y be a s u p t o d a t e , o r a s c o m p r e h e n s i v e as a r e t h e v a r i e t y of i n d e x e s of w h i c h it is o u r b u s i - n e s s t o m a k e h i m a w a r e . S e r i o u s l y , t h o u g h , t h e r e a r e t w o f u n d a - m e n t a l p r i n c i p l e s w h i c h m u s t o p e r a t e in t h e u s e of s u c h s h o r t c u t s a n d s u b s t i t u t i o n s as h a v e b e e n d e s c r i b e d . I n t h e f i r s t p l a c e , c a r d s a p p e a r i n g in t h e g e n e r a l l i b r a r y c a t a l o g f o r g o v e r n m e n t p u b l i c a t i o n s g i v e n s p e c i a l t r e a t - m e n t m u s t r e f e r t h e u s e r t o a n y s p e c i a l i z e d i n d e x e s a n d c a t a l o g s w h i c h d e s c r i b e t h e i r c o n - t e n t s m o r e f u l l y . F o r e x a m p l e , o u r c a r d s f o r h e a r i n g s a n d m i s c e l l a n e o u s b o u n d v o l u m e s a r e m a r k e d " F o r c o n t e n t s c o n s u l t D o c u m e n t s D e p a r t m e n t C a t a l o g . " S i m i l a r l y , f o r m c a r d s s h o u l d a l s o a p p e a r in t h e g e n e r a l c a t a l o g u n d e r b r o a d s u b j e c t h e a d i n g s r e f e r r i n g t o e x i s t i n g s u b j e c t i n d e x e s of g o v e r n m e n t p u b - l i c a t i o n s . S e c o n d l y , all s e r v i c e p o i n t s m u s t be m a d e as k e e n l y a w a r e of g o v e r n m e n t i n d e x e s as c o m - p l e m e n t a r y t o t h e g e n e r a l c a t a l o g a s t h e y a r e of t h e Readers' Guide, P.A.I.S. a n d o t h e r p e r i o d i c a l i n d e x e s . T h i s w i l l r e q u i r e c o n - c e r t e d e f f o r t b e c a u s e t h e r e s e e m s t o be a t e n d e n c y in m a n y p l a c e s t o b y - p a s s s u c h in- d e x e s . L i b r a r i a n s n o t f a m i l i a r w i t h t h e v a r i e d c o n t e n t of d o c u m e n t s d o n ' t s e e m t o t h i n k of t h e m as p o s s i b l e s o u r c e s of i n f o r m a - t i o n e x c e p t in t h e m o s t o b v i o u s c a s e s . H i s t o r i c a l l y w e h a v e b e e n b r o u g h t u p on t h e t r a d i t i o n t h a t t h e l i b r a r y m u s t d i s p l a y all of its r e s o u r c e s in a g e n e r a l c a t a l o g f o r t h e b e n e f i t of all u s e r s . P r a c t i c a l l y w e a r e r e a c h - i n g t h e p o i n t w h e r e w e a r e n o l o n g e r a b l e t o do t h i s f o r s p a c e a n d finances w i l l n o t k e e p p a c e w i t h t h e o u t p u t of p r i n t . S u b s t a n t i a l e v i d e n c e of a t r e n d t o w a r d i n d e x e s as a n a p - p r o a c h t o r e s o u r c e s is p r o v i d e d by t h e n e w Subject Catalog of the Library of Congress. G o v e r n m e n t d o c u m e n t s o f f e r a n e x c e l l e n t a r e a f o r f u l l e r e x p l o i t a t i o n of t h i s i n d e x a p - p r o a c h t o r e s o u r c e s . A g r o u p s u c h as t h i s c o u l d p e r f o r m n o g r e a t e r s e r v i c e f o r its m e m b e r s a n d f o r l i b r a r i e s in g e n e r a l t h a n t o c o d i f y i t s o w n i n d e x i n g n e e d s a n d p r e s e n t a p r o g r a m f o r m o r e c o m p r e h e n s i v e c o v e r a g e of t h e g o v e r n m e n t d o c u m e n t s field. S u c h p l a n s t a k e t i m e a n d m o n e y . So d o c a t a l o g i n g a n d c l a s s i f i c a t i o n . I n t h e l o n g r u n w e m i g h t find t h a t t h e l a r g e s c a l e e n d e a v o r w o u l d be t h e c h e a p e r as w e l l as t h e m o r e e f f e c t i v e i n s t r u - m e n t . United States State Publications Miss Hardin is head cataloger, Illinois State Historical Library. FOR MANY YEARS t h o u g h t h a s b e e n g i v e n to t h e q u e s t i o n of w h e t h e r g o v e r n m e n t d o c u m e n t s s h o u l d be c a t a l o g e d in t h e s a m e m a n n e r as o t h e r p u b l i c a t i o n s . If t h e y a r e t r e a t e d d i f f e r e n t l y , t o w h a t e x t e n t c a n t h e p r i n t e d g o v e r n m e n t i n d e x e s a n d c h e c k l i s t s t a k e t h e p l a c e of d e t a i l e d a n a l y t i c s in t h e c a r d c a t a l o g ? T h i s p a p e r d e a l s solely w i t h t h i s p r o b l e m as it r e l a t e s t o official s t a t e p u b l i c a t i o n s . T h e r e h a s b e e n p r a c t i c a l l y n o l i t e r a t u r e on t h i s s u b j e c t . A s a g u i d e t o t h e s t a t e c h e c k - lists c u r r e n t l y i s s u e d t h e w r i t e r h a s d e p e n d e d a l m o s t e n t i r e l y u p o n " T h e S t a t u s of S t a t e D o c u m e n t B i b l i o g r a p h y , " by G w e n d o l y n L l o y d , in The Library Quarterly, J u l y 1948. R e a c t i o n s of s o m e l i b r a r i a n s in t h e w e s t e r n , c e n t r a l a n d e a s t e r n s t a t e s w h o h a v e d e a l t e x - t e n s i v e l y w i t h s t a t e p u b l i c a t i o n s w e r e g a i n e d B y R U T H H A R D I N t h r o u g h c o r r e s p o n d e n c e o r p e r s o n a l i n t e r - v i e w s . C o n t a c t s w e r e m a d e w i t h t h e f o l l o w - i n g l i b r a r i e s : C a l i f o r n i a S t a t e L i b r a r y , C o - l u m b i a U n i v e r s i t y L i b r a r y , J o i n t R e f e r e n c e L i b r a r y , U n i v e r s i t y of C h i c a g o L i b r a r y , C h i - c a g o P u b l i c L i b r a r y , N o r t h w e s t e r n U n i v e r - sity L i b r a r y , U n i v e r s i t y of I l l i n o i s L i b r a r y a n d t h e I l l i n o i s S t a t e L i b r a r y . T h e c o n c l u - sions of t h e s e l i b r a r i a n s w e r e v e r y s i m i l a r t o t h o s e a l r e a d y a r r i v e d a t by t h e w r i t e r . Specific findings of t h e s u r v e y a r e a t t a c h e d t o t h i s p a p e r . A t a b l e of c h e c k l i s t s of s t a t e p u b l i c a t i o n s c u r r e n t l y i s s u e d by 19 s t a t e s h a s b e e n p r e p a r e d w i t h i n f o r m a t i o n as t o f r e - q u e n c y of issue, c u m u l a t i o n , i n d e x , b i b l i o - g r a p h i c a l d e t a i l a n d f o r m of p u b l i c a t i o n . C h e c k l i s t s w i t h v a r y i n g d e g r e e s of m e r i t a r e c u r r e n t l y i s s u e d by t h e f o l l o w i n g s t a t e s : A r k a n s a s , C a l i f o r n i a , F l o r i d a , I l l i n o i s , I n - d i a n a , K a n s a s , L o u i s i a n a , M a i n e , M i c h i g a n , N e w H a m p s h i r e , N e w Y o r k , O h i o , O k l a - h o m a , T e x a s , V e r m o n t , V i r g i n i a , W a s h i n g - 160 COLLEGE AND RESEARCH LIBRARIES Checklists of State Publications Currently Issued Frequency Cumulation Index Bibl. detail1 Form2 Arkansas (University library) Checklist of Arkansas state publications re- ceived by the University of Arkansas Library S-a» n« n ci m California (Printing Div., Documents Sect.) California state publications, quarterly listing Q annual (Nov. issue) Q and A yes ci P Florida (University library) Short-title checklist of official Florida publica- tions received by University of Florida Library Bi-m n n cl m Illinois (State library) Illinois state documents received by the State Library (in Illinois Libraries) Q n n inc. P Indiana (State library) Indiana documents at the State Library (in Library Occurrent) Q n n c P Kansas (Traveling libraries commission) Selected list of documents received in Kansas State Library Irr. n n c P Louisiana (Secretary of state) List . . . of the public documents of Louisiana distributed to depository libraries ? S-a n cl m Maine (State library) Checklist of State of Maine publications re- ceived by the Maine State Library Q Irr. (3 or 4 years) Inc. c m Michigan (State library) Michigan documents (in Michigan Library News) Bi-m n n inc. P New Hampshire (State library) Checklist of New Hampshire state depart- ments publications (Supp. to Biennial report) Bien. n n c m New York (State library) Checklist of official publications of the state of New York M a n c m Ohio (State library) Ohio state publications: documents issued by state agencies and received by the Ohio State Library Q n n c m Oklahoma (State library) Checklist of state documents (in Bulletin) Q n n c P Texas (Library and historical commission) Documents distributed . . . Checklist . . . (in Biennial Report) Bien. n n inc. P Vermont (Free public library dept.) Probably incomplete listing of state publica- tions included in New books added to Vermont State Library (in Bulletin). Partial list also in Biennial report of State purchasing agent. Q n ' n c P Virginia (State library) Checklist of Virginia state publications (in Bulletin of Virginia Stale Library) a n a c P Washington (State library) Washington State publications received at Washington State Library (in Library News Bulletin) Q n n c P West Virginia (Dept. of archives & Hist. Lib.) Short title check list of West Virginia State publications a n n inc. m Wisconsin (State historical society) Wisconsin public documents S-a n n c P 1 Complete or sufficiently complete detail for ordering publications. 2 Mimeographed or near-print. 3 Semiannual. 4 None. t o n , W e s t V i r g i n i a a n d W i s c o n s i n . A n a n a l y s i s of t h e i n f o r m a t i o n a c q u i r e d s h o w s I I p r i n t e d c h e c k l i s t s a n d e i g h t e i t h e r m i m e o - g r a p h e d o r in s o m e n e a r - p r i n t f o r m ; only f o u r of t h e s e a r e c u m u l a t e d a n d t h r e e a r e i n d e x e d . T h e f r e q u e n c y of i s s u e v a r i e s as APRIL, 1951 15 7 Statistics Compiled in California State Library Arkansas California Florida Illinois Indiana Michigan New Hampshire New Y o r k Ohio Oklahoma Vermont Virginia West Virginia Washington Wisconsin Items in State Checklists 7 6 Jan.-June 1949 J a n . - M a r . 1949 79 J a n . - F e b . 1949 108 Dec. 1949-Feb. 1950 153 N o v . 1949-Jan. 1950 54 J a n . 1 9 5 0 296 (1946-48) 135 34 73 Jan.-Mar. 1948 10 Mar. 1948 438 175 1948-49 136 Jan.-Apr. 1949 220 Oct. 1948-Mar. 1949 Mimeo- graphed Items . listed 13 306 19 n.i.2 43 3 35 n.i. 6 16 28 4 49 78 Items in L . C . Checklist of State Publica- tions 21 109 24 98 62 3 q 152 3 0 38 47 21 234 49 42 87 L . C . Mimeo. Items 19 34 4 19 5 14 9 19 35 Time Lag1 Rec'd 2-3 mos. after end of period covered 2-5 mos. Rec'd 1 mo. after end of period covered 2 mos. 1 mo. 1 mo. Questioned Questioned 1 yr. Questioned Rec'd 6 mos. after end of period covered 1 Used coverage of list, as stated in title, e.g. Illinois State Documents Received by State Library (date); otherwise dates contained within list as contrasted with date received by us. 2 N o t indicated. f o l l o w s : b i e n n i a l ( 2 ) ; a n n u a l ( 2 ) ; s e m i - a n n u a l ( 2 ) ; q u a r t e r l y ( 8 ) ; b i m o n t h l y ( 2 ) ; m o n t h l y ( 1 ) ; i r r e g u l a r l y ( 1 ) . B i b l i o g r a p h i - c a l d e t a i l u s e d in t h e c h e c k l i s t s f o r o r d e r i n g p u b l i c a t i o n s r a n g e s f r o m c o m p l e t e o r s u f f i - c i e n t l y c o m p l e t e t o v e r y i n c o m p l e t e . E l e v e n a r e i s s u e d a s s e p a r a t e c h e c k l i s t s a n d e i g h t a r e i n c l u d e d in o t h e r p u b l i c a t i o n s . T h e w r i t e r is i n d e b t e d t o E v e l y n H u s t o n f o r h e r e x c e l l e n t d e t a i l e d r e p o r t o n h e r find- i n g s in r e g a r d t o s t a t e c h e c k l i s t s in t h e C a l i - f o r n i a S t a t e L i b r a r y . S t a t i s t i c s c o m p i l e d by h e r a n d a t t a c h e d t o t h i s p a p e r c o m p a r e t h e n u m b e r of p r i n t e d a n d m i m e o g r a p h e d i t e m s in t h e s t a t e c h e c k l i s t s a n d in t h e L i b r a r y of C o n g r e s s ' Monthly Checklist of State Publi- cations f o r t h e m o n t h of J a n u a r y 1 9 5 0 a s a b a s i s f o r c o m p a r i s o n w h e n p o s s i b l e . W h i l e t h i s c o m p a r i s o n , a c c o r d i n g t o M i s s H u s t o n , w a s i n a c c u r a t e a s s u c h , it d i d p r o v e t h a t t h e L i b r a r y of C o n g r e s s l i s t c o n t a i n e d f e w e r i t e m s t h a n t h e s t a t e c h e c k l i s t s . T h e t i m e l a g 162 • COLLEGE AND RESEARCH LIBRARIES in r e c e i p t of i t e m s a s i n d i c a t e d by t h e v a r i o u s c h e c k l i s t s f o r t h e p e r i o d c o v e r e d a n d in t h e d a t e of r e c e i p t by t h e C a l i f o r n i a S t a t e L i b r a r y w a s f r o m o n e m o n t h t o o n e y e a r . F a c i n g t h e s t a t e c h e c k l i s t s i t u a t i o n s q u a r e l y o n e is a w a r e of t h e i n c o m p l e t e c o v e r a g e of s t a t e s a n d of t h e u n e q u a l v a l u e of t h e l i s t s i s s u e d c u r r e n t l y d u e t o s c a n t b i b l i o g r a p h i c a l d e t a i l . C u m u l a t i o n of i s s u e s a n d i n d e x e s a r e i n f r e q u e n t . T h e r e a r e , s o m e t i m e s , g a p s in t h e h i s t o r i c a l c o v e r a g e of a s t a t e . A n d l a s t b u t n o t l e a s t m a n y of t h e p r e s e n t l i s t s a r e i s s u e d in s u c h i m p e r m a n e n t f o r m t h a t t h e r e is n o d e f i n i t e a s s u r a n c e of t h e i r c o n t i n u a n c e o v e r a l o n g p e r i o d . I n t h e l i b r a r i e s c o n s u l t e d s t a t e c h e c k l i s t s a r e u s e d p r i m a r i l y t o i d e n t i f y a p a r t i c u l a r t i t l e , t o e s t a b l i s h a c o r p o r a t e e n t r y a n d t o ( r d e r p u b l i c a t i o n s . R e q u e s t s f o r s t a t e p u b l i - c a t i o n s a r e u s u a l l y b y s u b j e c t a n d t h e u s e of u n o f f i c i a l i n d e x e s w h i c h i n c l u d e s t a t e p u b l i c a - t i o n s , s u c h a s Agriculture Index, P.A.I.S., Education Index, etc., is m o r e s a t i s f a c t o r y t h a n t h e u s e of b r i e f s t a t e c h e c k l i s t s . A t p r e s e n t t h e s t a t e c h e c k l i s t s m e r e l y s u p p l e - m e n t t h e c a r d c a t a l o g a n d w o u l d in n o s e n s e of t h e w o r d b e a d e q u a t e s u b s t i t u t e s f o r d e - t a i l e d a n a l y t i c s . S e l e c t i v e c a t a l o g i n g of t h e m o r e i m p o r t a n t s t a t e p u b l i c a t i o n s s h o u l d b e d o n e if p o s s i b l e . I f n o c a t a l o g i n g is d o n e r e f e r e n c e c o s t s i n c r e a s e f o r t h e t i m e r e q u i r e d f o r s e a r c h is g r e a t . I n t h e J o i n t R e f e r e n c e L i b r a r y , M r s . L u c i l e K e c k r e p o r t s t h a t t h e Foreign Government Publications Mrs. Cabeen is chief Acquisition Unit, Li- brary Services, United Nations Library. THE BIBLIOGRAPHICAL s o u r c e s a v a i l a b l e f o r c o n s u l t a t i o n w h e n o n e u n d e r t a k e s t o a c q u i r e t h e p u b l i c a t i o n s of f o r e i g n g o v e r n - m e n t s a r e f a r m o r e n u m e r o u s a n d v a r i e d in f o r m t h a n t h e official c h e c k l i s t s a n d c a t a l o g s w h i c h c a n b e f o u n d t o i m p l e m e n t d o c u m e n t c o l l e c t i o n s . F o r e x a m p l e , t h e r e is a c o n s i d e r a b l e n u m - b e r of p e r i o d i c a l t i t l e s w h i c h t h o s e w h o a c - q u i r e f o r e i g n d o c u m e n t s f i n d i t n e c e s s a r y t o e x a m i n e r e g u l a r l y a n d s y s t e m a t i c a l l y f o r n o t i c e s of i m p o r t a n t g o v e r n m e n t p u b l i c a t i o n s . T h e r e a r e n a t i o n a l t r a d e b i b l i o g r a p h i e s of 12 c o u n t r i e s , o t h e r t h a n t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s , w h i c h p a r t i c u l a r e m p h a s i s o n s u b j e c t s o f t e n e l i m i - n a t e s t h e u s e of a u t h o r e n t r i e s in t h e i r c a t a - l o g , a n d if d e t a i l e d a n a l y t i c s a r e f o u n d in P.A.I.S. t h e y a r e o f t e n o m i t t e d in t h e i r c a r d c a t a l o g . T o a g r e a t e x t e n t f o r t h e s u b j e c t a p p r o a c h t h e s t a t e d o c u m e n t w o r k e r m u s t , i n a d d i t i o n t o t h e u s e of u n o f f i c i a l i n d e x e s , d e p e n d u p o n t h e a n n u a l i n d e x of t h e Monthly Checklist of State Publications i s s u e d by t h e L i b r a r y of C o n g r e s s . A s p r e v i o u s l y s t a t e d t h e Monthly Checklist is v e r y i n c o m p l e t e in c o v e r a g e of i t e m s f o r a l l s t a t e s . T h e s t r e a m l i n e d a n n u a l i n d e x d o e s n o t i n c l u d e s u f f i c i e n t d e t a i l t o i d e n t i f y r e a d i l y a s p e c i f i c r e f e r e n c e . M o r e s u b j e c t h e a d i n g s a r e a l s o n e e d e d t o c o v e r a l l i t e m s c o m p l e t e l y . T h e 1 9 4 8 a n d 1 9 4 9 i n - d e x e s w e r e n o t r e c e i v e d u n t i l J u n e of t h e f o l - l o w i n g y e a r , w h i c h n e c e s s i t a t e s f r e q u e n t s e a r c h t h r o u g h t h e 12 m o n t h l y i s s u e s . I n c o n c l u s i o n , s i n c e o n l y 19 s t a t e s c u r r e n t l y i s s u e b r i e f c h e c k l i s t s t h e f o l l o w i n g r e c o m - m e n d a t i o n is s u g g e s t e d f o r t h e i m p r o v e m e n t of t h e u s e of s t a t e p u b l i c a t i o n s : C o n c e n t r a t e u p o n t h e s u g g e s t e d e x p a n s i o n a n d i m p r o v e - m e n t of t h e L i b r a r y of C o n g r e s s ' Monthly Checklist of State Publications; n a m e l y , by m o r e c o m p l e t e c o v e r a g e in c o l l e c t i n g i t e m s f r o m a l l s t a t e s ; by i n d e x i n g m o n t h l y i s s u e s ; by a m o r e d e t a i l e d a n n u a l i n d e x ; a n d by a s - s i g n i n g e a c h i t e m a n u m b e r f o r m o r e r e a d y r e f e r e n c e . B y V I O L E T A . C A B E E N c o n t a i n i m p o r t a n t l i s t i n g s of t h e i r official d o c u m e n t s . T h e r e is a c o m p a r a t i v e l y n e g - l e c t e d b u t p r o l i f i c s o u r c e of g r e a t v a l u e , n a m e l y t h e a c c e s s i o n s l i s t s a n d l i s t s of b o o k s c a t a l o g e d i s s u e d b y l i b r a r i e s a t t a c h e d t o g o v - e r n m e n t offices a n d p r i v a t e i n s t i t u t i o n s w h i c h a r e c o n c e r n e d w i t h i n t e r n a t i o n a l a f f a i r s in t h e i r m a n y r a m i f i c a t i o n s . T h e i m p o r t a n c e of t h e s e t h r e e g r o u p s is a b o u t e v e n l y w e i g h t e d o n t h e a c q u i s i t i o n a n d r e f e r e n c e s i d e s a n d w i t h a w e l l - o r g a n i z e d c o l l e c t i o n t h e y c a n be m a d e t o e f f e c t c a t a l o g - i n g e c o n o m i e s . A l t h o u g h t h e y c a n n e v e r t a k e t h e p l a c e of s y s t e m a t i c c a t a l o g s a n d c h e c k - l i s t s of o f f i c i a l p u b l i c a t i o n s , t h e y g o f a r in o p e n i n g u p t h e r e s o u r c e s of a c o l l e c t i o n . APRIL, 1951 15 7 Processing Treatment T h e d o c u m e n t s w h o s e t i t l e s a r e f o u n d in t h e s e b i b l i o g r a p h i c a l a i d s f a l l i n t o t h e e a s i l y r e c o g n i z a b l e c a t e g o r i e s of g o v e r n m e n t p u b l i - c a t i o n s , a n d l e n d t h e m s e l v e s t o t h e f o l l o w i n g c o n v e n t i o n a l p r o c e s s i n g t r e a t m e n t s : ( i ) l i s t - i n g a n d c h e c k i n g of s e r i a l t i t l e s i n c l u d i n g n u m b e r e d m o n o g r a p h i c s e r i e s in a v i s i b l e i n - d e x file, w i t h e n t r y u n d e r n a m e of c o u n t r y a n d i s s u i n g b o d y . S u c h t i t l e s n e e d o n l y b r i e f d e s c r i p t i v e c a t a l o g i n g r e c o r d s in t h e p u b l i c c a t a l o g ; ( 2 ) d e s c r i p t i v e a n d s u b j e c t c a t a l o g - i n g f o r t h e m o r e i m p o r t a n t m o n o g r a p h s a n d s e t s ; ( 3 ) i n c o r p o r a t i o n of p a m p h l e t s in files w h i c h o f f e r a s u b j e c t a p p r o a c h ; a n d ( 4 ) c o l - l a t i o n a n d b r i e f l i s t i n g of files of r e l e a s e s a n d o t h e r e p h e m e r a l m a t e r i a l s s e r i a l in n a t u r e w h i c h a r e d i s c a r d e d w h e n t h e i r u s e f u l n e s s is o v e r . W h e t h e r t h e s e p u b l i c a t i o n s w h i c h a r e n o t r e g a r d e d a s e p h e m e r a l a r e t o b e c l a s s i f i e d a n d s h e l v e d p a r t l y b y c o u n t r y a n d p a r t l y b y s u b - j e c t , o r e x c l u s i v e l y b y t h e l a t t e r , is a m a t t e r w h i c h m a y o f f e r o c c a s i o n f o r l i v e l y d e b a t e . W h a t o n e s h o u l d t r y t o r e m e m b e r is t h a t p r o v i d e d o n e c a n r e a d , o r g e t h e l p in r e a d i n g t h e l a n g u a g e s w h i c h a r e r e p r e s e n t e d in a c o l l e c t i o n of f o r e i g n d o c u m e n t s , t h e w o r k of a r r a n g i n g , r e c o r d i n g a n d u s i n g t h e m is r e l a - t i v e l y s i m p l e b e c a u s e of t h e o r d e r l y c h a r - a c t e r i s t i c s of t h e m a t e r i a l . I t is f o r t u n a t e f o r t h e d o c u m e n t l i b r a r i a n t h a t s o f e w f o r e i g n g o v e r n m e n t s s h a r e t h e e n t h u s i a s m of t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s G o v e r n m e n t f o r t h e m i m e o g r a p h a n d t h e p h o t o o f f s e t p r o c - ess. Value of Official Checklists T h e r e a r e 11 o u t s t a n d i n g l i s t s of v a r y i n g f r e q u e n c i e s p u b l i s h e d b y f o r e i g n g o v e r n m e n t s in w h i c h a s y s t e m a t i c a t t e m p t is m a d e t o l i s t t h e i r p r i n t e d d o c u m e n t s . T h o s e w h i c h p r e s e n t t h e b e s t s o l u t i o n t o t h e p r o b l e m p o s e d f o r t h i s p a p e r , i.e. w a y s a n d m e a n s b y w h i c h t o r e d u c e t h e b u l k of a n a l y t i c a l a n d s u b j e c t c a t a l o g i n g , a r e t h e o n e s p r o d u c e d b y t h e U n i t e d K i n g d o m . I n f a c t w e h a v e c o m e t o r e l y so m u c h o n t h e Daily List of t h e S t a t i o n e r y O f f i c e , w h i c h is f o l - l o w e d b y t h e Monthly List w i t h i t s s u b j e c t i n d e x , a n d t h e Annual Consolidated List c o n - t a i n i n g t h e s a m e f e a t u r e , t h a t w e t e n d t o r e - g a r d t h e s e a s t h e s t a n d a r d s by w h i c h a l l o t h e r l i s t s s h a l l b e j u d g e d . T h e r e a r e b e s i d e s t h e s e j u s t m e n t i o n e d n o l e s s t h a n 5 0 S e c t i o n a l C a t a l o g u e s of G o v e r n m e n t P u b l i c a t i o n s is- s u e d b y H . M . S . O . w h i c h o f f e r a b r o a d b a c k - g r o u n d of s u b j e c t a n d g o v e r n m e n t a u t h o r a p - p r o a c h . T h e Lists of Publications f o r N o r t h e r n I r e l a n d i s s u e d by H . M . S . O . in B e l f a s t a r e v a l u e d m o r e a s c h e c k l i s t s t h a n o t h e r w i s e . F o r t h e c o l o n i e s a n d p r o t e c t o r a t e s in t h e f r a m e of t h e B r i t i s h E m p i r e t h e c u r r e n t l i s t of o u t s t a n d i n g i m p o r t a n c e is i s s u e d b y t h e R e f e r e n c e S e c t i o n of t h e I n f o r m a t i o n D e p a r t - m e n t of t h e C o l o n i a l O f f i c e . T h e r e a r e a l s o t h e s h o r t e r Lists of Publications Received by the Crown Agents for the Colonies w h i c h i n - c l u d e s o m e d o c u m e n t s of p o l i t i c a l u n i t s o t h e r t h a n t h o s e c o v e r e d by t h e C o l o n i a l O f f i c e l i s t . T o g e t a b e t t e r u n d e r s t a n d i n g of t h e u s e s w h i c h c a n b e m a d e of t h e S t a t i o n e r y O f f i c e l i s t s o n e s h o u l d r e a d a n a r t i c l e e n t i t l e d " H . M . S . O . P u b l i c a t i o n s " by W . C o x w h i c h a p p e a r e d in A.S.L.I.B. Proceedings, 1 : 2 5 1 - 5 6 , N o v e m b e r 1 9 4 9 . B y f a r t h e b e s t l i s t i s s u e d b y a g o v e r n m e n t of a d o m i n i o n is t h a t of C a n a d a a n d i t s u s e in c o n j u n c t i o n w i t h a c h e c k i n g r e c o r d w i l l g o f a r in c u t t i n g d o w n t h e v o l u m e of s e r i a l c a t a l o g i n g w h i c h s o m e m i g h t t h i n k n e c e s s a r y . I t is u n f o r t u n a t e , h o w e v e r , t h a t it s o l a t e in a p p e a r i n g a n d t h a t i t s f r a m e of r e f e r e n c e d o e s n o t p e r m i t it t o i n c l u d e m i m e o g r a p h e d d o c u m e n t s . B e f o r e j u d g i n g o t h e r g o v e r n m e n t l i s t s t o o h a r s h l y f o r t h e i r b r e v i t y a n d l a c k of s u b j e c t a p p r o a c h , it w o u l d b e w i s e t o c o n s i d e r t h e g e n e r a l n a t u r e of t h e p u b l i c a t i o n s i s s u e d . F o r i n s t a n c e , s o m e g o v e r n m e n t s d o n o t l e a n t o w a r d t h e m o n o g r a p h i c s e r i e s a s a v e h i c l e f o r p u b l i c a t i o n b u t a r e n o t e d f o r t h e e n - c y c l o p e d i c n a t u r e of t h e i r g a z e t t e s . T h e i n - d e x e s of t h e g a z e t t e s w h e n t h e y e x i s t a r e i n v a l u a b l e . I n a d d i t i o n , in s o m e c a s e s , n o t a b l y t h a t of t h e N e t h e r l a n d s , m a n y a n a l y - t i c s f r o m i t s g a z e t t e s a p p e a r in i t s official c a t a l o g of g o v e r n m e n t p u b l i c a t i o n s . Resources Offered by Sessional Papers I f t h e i n t e r e s t of a l i b r a r y in a g i v e n c o u n - t r y is s u c h t h a t it w i s h e s t o a c q u i r e a s m a n y of i t s d o c u m e n t s a s p o s s i b l e a n d t o d o t h e m i n i m u m of c a t a l o g i n g , it is a l w a y s w e l l t o r e m e m b e r i t s s e s s i o n a l p a p e r s if t h e y e x i s t . A l t h o u g h t h e a c t u a l b u l k of t h e B r i t i s h S e s s i o n a l P a p e r s a n d t h o s e f o r A u s t r a l i a a n d 164 • COLLEGE AND RESEARCH LIBRARIES N e w Z e a l a n d is c o n s i d e r a b l y l e s s t h a n i t u s e d t o be, y e t t h e y c o n t a i n m a n y v a l u a b l e d o c u - m e n t s w h i c h c a n b e a p p r o a c h e d b y w a y of t h e i n d e x e s f o r e a c h s e s s i o n . T h e s a m e is t r u e f o r t h e Riksdagens Protokoll of S w e d e n w h i c h b e s i d e s t h e p a r l i a m e n t a r y d e b a t e s c o n - t a i n s a d m i n i s t r a t i v e r e p o r t s a s w e l l a s f i n a n - c i a l a n d b u d g e t s t a t e m e n t s i n i t s Bihang. Lists of Publications I n t h e l a s t d e c a d e t h e L i b r a r y of C o n g r e s s h a s m a d e n o t a b l e c o n t r i b u t i o n s t o t h e b i b l i o g - r a p h y of t h e d o c u m e n t s of L a t i n A m e r i c a in i t s Guides to the Official Publications of the Other American Republics. T h e s t a t e m e n t in t h e p r e f a t o r y n o t e of e a c h t o t h e e f f e c t t h a t " T h i s c h e c k l i s t is p u b l i s h e d in t h e h o p e t h a t it w i l l p r o v i d e a w o r k i n g t o o l f o r l i b r a r i e s a n d s c h o l a r s w i s h i n g t o u t i l i z e t h e i n f o r m a - t i o n e m b e d d e d in official p u b l i c a t i o n s , a n d , b y p o i n t i n g o u t g a p s , w i l l a s s i s t in t h e i m p r o v e - m e n t of o u r c o l l e c t i o n s " t e l l s o n l y p a r t of t h e s t o r y of t h e u s e s t o w h i c h t h e s e m a y b e p u t , f o r w h a t e a c h s u c c e s s i v e g u i d e h a s d o n e h a s b e e n t o p r o v i d e t h e m e a n s w h e r e b y m a n y p o s s e s s o r s of c o l l e c t i o n s of L a t i n A m e r i c a n m a t e r i a l s in t h i s c o u n t r y w e r e e n a b l e d t o o r g a n i z e t h e i r p r e s e n t h o l d i n g s a s w e l l a s t o c h e c k o n t h e i n a d e q u a c i e s of t h e s e a n d t o s e e k t o r e m e d y t h e m . Special Subject Bibliographies A l t h o u g h t h e e x i s t e n c e a n d u s e of w e l l - o r g a n i z e d official c h e c k l i s t s c a n d o m u c h t o i n c r e a s e t h e e f f e c t i v e n e s s of d o c u m e n t c o l l e c - t i o n s , t h e y h a v e c l o s e c o m p e t i t o r s in t h e f o r m of s p e c i a l s u b j e c t b i b l i o g r a p h i e s of o f f i c i a l m a - t e r i a l . N o t a b l e a m o n g t h e s e a r e a n n o t a t e d b i b l i o g r a p h i e s of c e n s u s e s a n d v i t a l s t a t i s t i c s p r o d u c e d by t h e C e n s u s L i b r a r y P r o j e c t of t h e L i b r a r y of C o n g r e s s . A d o c u m e n t s l i - b r a r i a n w i s h i n g t o g e t t h e f u l l u s e o u t of a c o l l e c t i o n of s u c h m a t e r i a l c a n ill a f f o r d t o be w i t h o u t t h e m . B e c a u s e t h i s p a p e r is c o n - f i n e d t o c o m m e n t s o n f o r e i g n d o c u m e n t s , m e n - t i o n is m a d e o n l y of t h e s e b i b l i o g r a p h i e s w h i c h c o v e r t h e A m e r i c a s , e x c l u d i n g t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s b u t i n c l u d i n g i t s t e r r i t o r i e s a n d p o s - s e s s i o n s , a n d l a t e r o n e s c o v e r i n g E u r o p e a n d B r i t i s h A f r i c a . S i n c e t h e m a j o r i t y of l i b r a r i e s t e n d t o s t r i v e m o r e f o r c o m p l e t e n e s s in t h e i r f o r e i g n d o c u m e n t h o l d i n g s in s e l e c t e d s u b j e c t f i e l d s r a t h e r t h a n f o r c o m p l e t e n e s s b y c o u n t r y , t h e w a y t o e f f e c t i n g e c o n o m i e s in p r o c e s s i n g s e e m s t o p o i n t m o r e a n d m o r e t o t h e u s e of s u b j e c t b i b l i o g r a p h i e s c o n t a i n i n g d o c u m e n t l i s t i n g s in c o n j u n c t i o n w i t h t h e r e l a t i v e l y s i m p l e p r o - c e s s i n g c o n t r o l s d e s c r i b e d e a r l i e r in t h i s a r t i c l e . Bibliograj O fficial Bibliographies Canada. Dept. of Public Printing and Stationery. Division of Documents. Dominion of Canada Govern- ment Publications. Annual Catalogue. Ottawa. Egypt. Ministry of Finance. Government Publications Office. Catalogue of Publications in Stores, 1938-43. Cairo. India. Office of The High Commissioner for India. List of Publications Received in The Publications Branch. [London] India. Publication Branch. Government Publications: Supplement to the Catalogue of Civil Publications of the Government of India, 1949. New Delhi. Ireland. Stationery Office. List of government publi- cations issued during the month . . . Dublin. Netherlands. Koninklijke Bibliothek. Ruilbureau. Nederlansche Overheidsuitgaven. The Hague. Sweden. Riksdagsbiblioteket. Arsbibliografi over Sveriges offentliga publikationes for . . . Stockholm. Switzerland. Bibliographie der Schweizerischen Am- tsdruckschriften. Bern. U . K . Colonial Office. Information Department. Refer- ence Section. Monthly List of official publications. [London] Crown Agents for the Colonies. List of publica- tions received. [London] lical Aids Stationery Office. Daily List of Publications. London. Government Publications Monthly List. London. — Consolidated List. London. Stationery Office, Belfast. List of Publications. Belfast. Library Accessions Lists Australia. Commonwealth National Library. Annual Catalog of Australian publications. Canberra. Belgium. Bibliotheque royale. Bibliographie de Bel- gique. Liste mensuelle des publications beiges ou rela- tives a la Belgique acquises par la Bibliotheque royale. Brussels. Belgium. Ministere da la Justice. Bibliotheque. Liste des acquisitions. Brussels. Ministere de 1* Instruction publique. Bibliotheque centrale. Liste des acquisitions. Livres et periodiques. Brussels. British Library of Political and Economic Science. London School of Economics and Political Science. A Selection of Books Recently Added to the Library. London. Ceylon. Ceylon Government Gazette. Quarterly Sup- plement. Supplement of Books Printed in Ceylon. Colombo. APRIL, 1951 15 7 Columbia University. L a w Library. Recent Acquisi- tions. New York. France. Ministere de la France d'Outre-Mer. Service des Archives. Bibliotheque centrale. Bulletin des nouvelles acquisitions de la Bibliotheque centrale. Paris. Direction des affaries economiques et du Plan. Service de Statistiques. Bulletin bibliographique. Paris. — Ministere des Affaires etrangeres. Bibliotheque. Bulletin des nouvelles acquisitions. Paris. Inter American Statistical Institute. List of Publica- tions . . . Received During the Months of . . . Wash- ington. Luxembourg. Bibliotheque nationale. Bibliographie Luxembourgeoisa. Luxembourg. Morocco. Bibliotheque generate et Archives du Protec- torat. Ouvrages edites au Marco au cours de I'annee. . . . Rabat. New Zealand. General Assembly. Library. Copyright publications. Wellington. Public A f f a i r s Information Service. Bulletin of the Public Affairs Information Service . . . New York. Science Museum Library. Monthly List of Accessions to the Library. London. Union of South A f r i c a . South A f r i c a n Library. Quar- terly bulletin of the South African Library. Cape Town. U. K. Foreign Office. 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(Its Latin American Series) Contents: I Argen- tina; I I Bolivia; I I I Brazil; I V Chile: V I Costa Rica: V I I Cuba; V I I I Dominican Republic; I X Ecuador; X El Salvador; X I Guatemala; X I I Haiti; X V I Para- g u a y ; X V I I Peru; X V I I I U r u g u a y ; X I X Venezuela. — Census Library Project. Bibliography (In United Nations Demographic Yearbook 1948. p.549-96) Lake Success. General Censuses and Vital Statistics in the Americas. Prepared under the supervision of Irene B. Taeuber. Washington, i s i p . National Censuses and Vital Statistics in Europe 1918-1939, an Annotated Bibliography, pre- pared by Henry J. Dubester. Washington. 2 i s p . 1940-1948 Supplement. Wash- ington. 48p. — Population Censuses and other Official Demographic Statistics of British Africa; an Annotated Bibliography, prepared by Henry J. Dubester. Wash- ington. 78p. Reference Department. [Bibliographies on Spe- cial Regions and Subjects.] Washington. Trade Bibliographies by Country Argentinas Gaceta del libro. Buenos Aires. Czechoslovakia: Bibliograficky Catalog. A. Knihy ceske. Praque. B. Knihy slovenske. Brabislava. France: Biblio; bibliographie, litterature. Paris. Bib- liographie de la France. Paris. Germany: Deutsche Nationalbibliographie. Reihe A (weekly); Reihe B (monthly). Leipzig. Netherlands: Nieuwe Uitgaven in Nederland. s'Graven- hage. Poland: Przewodnik bibliograficzny. Warsaw. Portugal: Servigos bibliograficos da Liveria portugalia. Lisbon. Spain: Bibliografia hispania. Madrid. Switzerland: Schweiserische Landesbibliothek. Das Schweizer Buch. Serie A (Semimonthly); Serie B (Bimonthly). Bern. Union of South A f r i c a : 5". A. Katalogus van boeke. (and monthly supplement). Johannesburg. United Kingdom: The British National Bibliography. London. Yugoslavia: Slovenski knjizni trg. Ljabljana. By A. D. R O B E R T S United Nations and Its Specialised Agencies: Documents and Publications1 Mr. Roberts is in the Reference Unit, Li- brary Services, United Nations Library. THIS ARTICLE d e a l s w i t h t h e p r o b l e m s f a c -i n g l i b r a r i e s w h i c h a r e r e c e i v i n g t h e g r e a t 1 This paper has not been prepared as an official state- ment of the United Nations Library. It was prepared by the author at the request of chairman of the A . L . A . Committee on Public Documents to stimulate thought on the general theme. m a j o r i t y of t h e d o c u m e n t s a n d p u b l i c a t i o n s o f e i t h e r t h e U n i t e d N a t i o n s a n d / o r o n e o r m o r e of i t s S p e c i a l i z e d A g e n c i e s . L i b r a r i e s w h o s e i n t a k e i s r e s t r i c t e d t o s a l e s p u b l i c a t i o n s s h o u l d b e a b l e t o t r e a t t h e s e b o o k s , p e r i o d i c a l s a n d p a m p h l e t s a s t h e y d o w o r k s i s s u e d b y c o m m e r c i a l p u b l i s h e r s . W e a r e , t h e n , c o n - c e r n e d w i t h l i b r a r i e s r e c e i v i n g e x t e n s i v e s e t s 166 • COLLEGE AND RESEARCH LIBRARIES of d o c u m e n t s a n d p u b l i c a t i o n s , " d o c u m e n t s " t o m e a n p a p e r s w h i c h a r e n o t n o r m a l l y o b - t a i n a b l e s e p a r a t e l y a n d m o s t of w h i c h a r e m i m e o g r a p h e d a n d in n u m b e r e d s e r i e s . B y " p u b l i c a t i o n s " is m e a n t t h o s e i t e m s w h i c h h a v e e i t h e r b e e n p l a c e d o n p u b l i c s a l e i n - d i v i d u a l l y o r w h i c h a r e d i s t r i b u t e d f r e e a s i n f o r m a t i o n a l m a t e r i a l . T h e m e a n s of m o s t , if n o t a l l , l i b r a r i e s d o n o t p e r m i t t h e m t o c a t a l o g i n d i v i d u a l l y all t h e i t e m s i s s u e d by t h e U n i t e d N a t i o n s o r o n e of i t s p r o l i f i c a g e n c i e s . A n u m b e r of l i b r a r i e s c a t a l o g o n l y t h e p u b l i c a t i o n s p l a c e d o n g e n e r a l s a l e , o r p e r h a p s o n l y a s e l e c t i o n of t h e s e . S o m e l i b r a r i e s h a v e m a d e " o p e n e n t r i e s " f o r t h e p e r i o d i c a l s a n d t h e v a r i o u s s e r i e s of m i m e o g r a p h e d d o c u m e n t s b e a r i n g s y m b o l n u m b e r s . M a n y l i b r a r i e s a r e u n - h a p p y a b o u t w h a t t h e y h a v e d o n e a n d t h e i r c a t a l o g s a r e n o t i n d i c a t i v e of w h a t t h e y h a v e . T h e p u r p o s e of t h i s a r t i c l e is t o e x a m i n e t h e p o s s i b i l i t y of u s i n g t h e United Nations Documents Index a n d o t h e r b i b l i o g r a p h i e s of U n i t e d N a t i o n s a n d S p e c i a l i z e d A g e n c y m a - t e r i a l s a s s u b s t i t u t e s f o r e n t r i e s in t h e c a t a l o g i t s e l f . United Nations Documents Index r e c o r d s U n i t e d N a t i o n s a n d S p e c i a l i z e d A g e n c y d o c u m e n t s a n d p u b l i c a t i o n s r e c e i v e d i n t h e l i b r a r y a t L a k e S u c c e s s ; p u b l i c a t i o n of i t b e g a n in J a n u a r y 1 9 5 0 . I t is a m o n t h l y c h e c k l i s t w i t h a s u b j e c t i n d e x ; t h e l a t t e r is t o b e c u m u l a t e d a n n u a l l y . M o s t of t h i s p r e s - e n t a r t i c l e d e a l s w i t h its a d e q u a c y a s a r e c o r d of a n d k e y t o a l i b r a r y ' s h o l d i n g s of U n i t e d N a t i o n s m a t e r i a l s . B e f o r e e x a m i n i n g t h e u s e s of United Na- tions Documents Index, h o w e v e r , t h e v a l u e of t h e l i b r a r y ' s c h e c k i n g r e c o r d of U n i t e d N a - t i o n s a n d / o r S p e c i a l i z e d A g e n c y m a t e r i a l s s h o u l d b e m e n t i o n e d . S u c h a r e c o r d is n e c e s - s a r y t o c o n t r o l t h e i n t a k e of d o c u m e n t s a n d p u b l i c a t i o n s . T h e g r e a t m a j o r i t y of m i m e o - g r a p h e d d o c u m e n t s b e a r s y m b o l s , a n d i t is a c c o r d i n g t o t h e s e t h a t t h e r e c o r d s h o u l d b e a r r a n g e d . S i n c e t h e s e s y m b o l s in m a n y c a s e s r e p r e s e n t a b r i e f " a u t h o r e n t r y " f o r t h e i t e m s in q u e s t i o n , t h e c h e c k i n g r e c o r d w i l l o f t e n a n s w e r " a u t h o r " q u e s t i o n s a b o u t a l i b r a r y ' s h o l d i n g s . S p e a k i n g n o w o n l y of t h e U n i t e d N a t i o n s , if i t s d o c u m e n t s a n d p u b l i c a t i o n s a r e a r r a n g e d in t h e l i b r a r y in t h e o r d e r of t h e i r s y m b o l s ( w h i c h f o r t h e m o s t p a r t a g r e e s w i t h t h e o r d e r in United Nations Documents Index), n o f u r t h e r i n v e s t i g a t i o n is n e c e s s a r y i n o r d e r t o f i n d a n i t e m m a r k e d a s r e c e i v e d in t h e c h e c k i n g r e c o r d . I f i t is w i s h e d t o s h e l v e c e r - t a i n i t e m s o u t s i d e t h e g e n e r a l s e q u e n c e , t h e c h e c k i n g r e c o r d m u s t b e m a r k e d a c c o r d i n g l y . A d u m m y f o r a v o l u m e o r a r e f e r e n c e s h e e t f i l e d w i t h t h e m i m e o g r a p h e d d o c u m e n t s w o u l d b e a n a d d e d h e l p . T h e r e a r e c e r t a i n o t h e r d e c i s i o n s t o b e m a d e ; o n e w o u l d b e w h e t h e r t o file a l l s a l e s p u b l i c a t i o n s t o g e t h e r o r w h e t h e r t o t r e a t t h e m in t h e w a y t h e y a r e l i s t e d in United Nations Documents Index. I f a l i b r a r y d o e s a t t e m p t d e s c r i p t i v e c a t a - l o g i n g of a s e l e c t i o n of i t s m i m e o g r a p h e d d o c u m e n t s a n d t h e n i n t e r f i l e s t h e s e c a r d s w i t h t h o s e f o r t h e U n i t e d N a t i o n s s a l e s p u b l i c a - t i o n s , t h e r e s u l t is a s e q u e n c e of a u t h o r c a r d s w h i c h b o t h l i b r a r i a n s a n d r e a d e r s f i n d m o s t d i f f i c u l t t o f o l l o w . O n l y l i b r a r i a n s s p e c i a l i z - i n g in U n i t e d N a t i o n s m a t e r i a l a n d r e a d e r s w h o h a v e s p e n t s o m e t i m e w o r k i n g w i t h it a n d w h o k n o w s o m e t h i n g of t h e s t r u c t u r e of t h e U n i t e d N a t i o n s w i l l b e a b l e t o find t h e i r w a y e a s i l y a m o n g t h e s e c a r d s . I t is s u g - g e s t e d t h a t u n d e r t h e h e a d i n g " U n i t e d N a - t i o n s " c a r d s b e p l a c e d e x p l a i n i n g t h e h o l d i n g s of t h e l i b r a r y in g e n e r a l ( e . g . m e n t i o n i n g t h e d a t e f r o m w h i c h it h o l d s m i m e o g r a p h e d m a - t e r i a l ) a n d e x p l a i n i n g t h e u s e s of t h e c h e c k - i n g r e c o r d , United Nations Documents Index a n d o t h e r b i b l i o g r a p h i e s . I t w o u l d b e p o s s i b l e , t h e n , f o r a l i b r a r y w i s h i n g t o e f f e c t c a t a l o g i n g e c o n o m i e s t o d i s p e n s e w i t h c o r p o r a t e a u t h o r e n t r i e s u n d e r " U n i t e d N a t i o n s " f o r U n i t e d N a t i o n s m a - t e r i a l if i t s U n i t e d N a t i o n s c o l l e c t i o n w a s w e l l o r g a n i z e d , h a d c h e c k i n g r e c o r d s a n d w a s a d e q u a t e l y s e r v i c e d . S a l e s p u b l i c a t i o n s , e x - c e p t t h o s e r e c e n t l y p u b l i s h e d , c a n , f o r e x - a m p l e , b e r a p i d l y i d e n t i f i e d b y c o n s u l t i n g Publications 1945-1948 a n d United Nations Publications 1949 i s s u e d b y t h e U n i t e d N a - t i o n s D e p a r t m e n t of P u b l i c I n f o r m a t i o n . United Nations Documents Index, t h e t w o b i b l i o g r a p h i e s of s a l e s p u b l i c a t i o n s j u s t c i t e d a n d o t h e r a p p r o p r i a t e b i b l i o g r a p h i e s w o u l d n e e d t o b e s h e l v e d n e a r t h e p u b l i c c a t a l o g . I f n e c e s s a r y t h e y c o u l d b e a n n o t a t e d t o s h o w e x a c t h o l d i n g s a n d c a l l n u m b e r s . I f i t w a s d e c i d e d t h a t s o m e c o r p o r a t e a u t h o r c a r d S s h o u l d b e filed ( p e r h a p s b e c a u s e s u b j e c t e n - t r i e s f o r t h e s e i t e m s h a d b e e n d e c i d e d u p o n ) t h e d e t a i l e d s t a t e m e n t of t h e l i b r a r y ' s h o l d - i n g s a n d c a t a l o g i n g p o l i c i e s s h o u l d s t i l l b e APRIL, 1951 15 7 r e t a i n e d o n t h e first c a r d s u n d e r " U n i t e d N a t i o n s . " T h e n e x t p a r t of t h i s a r t i c l e is a n a t t e m p t t o a n s w e r q u e s t i o n s w h i c h a r i s e a b o u t t h e u s e of United Nations Documents Index a s a s u b s t i t u t e f o r f u l l c a t a l o g i n g . What Does the Library of Congress Do? T h e L i b r a r y of C o n g r e s s h a s c a t a l o g e d a n u m b e r of U n i t e d N a t i o n s a n d S p e c i a l i z e d A g e n c y d o c u m e n t s a n d p u b l i c a t i o n s a n d h a s c a r d s a v a i l a b l e f o r t h e m . T h e y r e p r e s e n t , h o w e v e r , o n l y a p o r t i o n of t h e d o c u m e n t s of i m p o r t a n c e . T h e L i b r a r y of C o n g r e s s m a k e s a u t h o r e n t r i e s u n d e r " U n i t e d N a t i o n s " f o r p u b l i c a t i o n s p r e p a r e d b y n a t i o n a l d e l e g a t i o n s a n d p u b l i s h e d b y t h e i r g o v e r n m e n t s . T h e s e i t e m s a r e n o t r e c o r d e d in United Nations Documents Index a n d w o u l d , p r e s u m a b l y , b e d e a l t w i t h b y a l i b r a r y in t h e s a m e w a y a s o t h e r g o v e r n m e n t p u b l i c a t i o n s . W o u l d United Nations Documents Index r e c o r d e v e r y t h i n g in t h e L i b r a r y ? I n n e a r l y e v e r y c a s e it w i l l r e c o r d f a r m o r e t h a n t h e h o l d i n g s of a n y l i b r a r y o u t s i d e L a k e S u c c e s s , p a r t l y b e c a u s e it i n c l u d e s d o c u m e n t s w i t h a l i m i t e d d i s t r i b u t i o n . B e c a u s e i t s l i s t i n g of S p e c i a l i z e d A g e n c y m a t e r i a l is l i m i t e d t o i t e m s r e c e i v e d a t L a k e S u c c e s s , a d e p o s i t o r y of a S p e c i a l i z e d A g e n c y c o u l d r e c e i v e m a t e r i a l n o t in United Nations Documents Index. T h e U n i t e d N a t i o n s h a s n o t y e t p e r f e c t e d i t s a r r a n g e m e n t s f o r o b t a i n i n g a l l S p e c i a l i z e d A g e n c y m a t e r i a l a t L a k e S u c c e s s . How up to date is United Nations Documents Index? A n i s s u e of United Nations Documents In- dex r e c o r d i n g d o c u m e n t s a n d p u b l i c a t i o n s r e - c e i v e d a t L a k e S u c c e s s d u r i n g o n e m o n t h a p - p e a r s o n t h e fifteenth of t h e f o l l o w i n g m o n t h . G e n e r a l l y s p e a k i n g it is q u i c k e r in r e c o r d i n g i t e m s i s s u e d by t h e U n i t e d N a t i o n s t h a n it is in e n t e r i n g t h o s e of t h e S p e c i a l i z e d A g e n c i e s , b e c a u s e t h e l a t t e r i t e m s h a v e t o t r a v e l first; t h e m a j o r i t y of t h e f o r m e r a r e p r o d u c e d a t L a k e S u c c e s s . W h a t t r e a t m e n t w o u l d b e g i v e n t o s u c h i t e m s a s m o n o g r a p h s b y i n d i v i d u a l a u t h o r s a n d s e r i a l s w i t h d i s t i n c t i v e t i t l e s ? A s m a l l m i n o r i t y of d o c u m e n t s a n d p u b l i c a t i o n s b e a r t h e n a m e s of i n d i v i d u a l a u t h o r s . E x a m p l e s a r e t o b e f o u n d a m o n g p a p e r s p r e p a r e d f o r t h e I n t e r n a t i o n a l L a w C o m m i s s i o n of t h e U n i t e d N a t i o n s ; o n e of t h e s e is, f o r e x a m p l e , a " R e p o r t o n t h e H i g h S e a s , " by J . P . A . F r a n c o i s ( U . N . d o c u m e n t A / C N . 4 / 1 7 , 1 9 5 0 ) . U n e s c o h a s p u b l i s h e d a n u m b e r of w o r k s b e a r i n g t h e i r a u t h o r s ' n a m e s , a m o n g t h e m Education for Librarianship, by J . P . D a n - t o n a n d Food and the Family b y M a r g a r e t M e a d . T h e s e w o r k s a r e p a r t i c u l a r l y l i k e l y t o b e l o o k e d f o r in t h e c a t a l o g u n d e r t h e i r i n d i v i d u a l a u t h o r s ' n a m e s . R e f e r e n c e 'li- b r a r i a n s m a y n o t r e c o g n i z e t h e m a s h a v i n g b e e n i s s u e d by t h e U n i t e d N a t i o n s o r o n e of t h e S p e c i a l i z e d A g e n c i e s if i m p r i n t s a r e o m i t t e d f r o m r e f e r e n c e s . I t m i g h t w e l l b e d e c i d e d t h a t t h e s e i t e m s s h o u l d h a v e i n d i v i d - u a l a u t h o r e n t r i e s , e s p e c i a l l y if t h e l i b r a r y c o n c e r n e d s p e c i a l i z e d in t h e t o p i c s d e a l t w i t h . I f i n d i v i d u a l a u t h o r e n t r i e s a r e t o b e m a d e f o r a l i m i t e d n u m b e r of i t e m s , t h e s e l e c t i o n c o u l d be m a d e e i t h e r a t t h e t i m e of r e c e i p t o r b y a p e r u s a l of United Nations Documents Index. S i m i l a r l y , s e r i a l s w i t h i n d i v i d u a l t i t l e s l i k e t h e Transport and Communications Review a n d t h e Demographic Yearbook of t h e U n i t e d N a t i o n s o r Industry and Labour of t h e I n t e r - n a t i o n a l L a b o u r O f f i c e m i g h t b e c a t a l o g e d u n d e r t h e i r t i t l e s . I n a n y c a s e , if s p e c i a l l i s t s of p e r i o d i c a l s , p e r h a p s of t h o s e c u r r e n t l y r e - c e i v e d , a r e m a d e f o r r e f e r e n c e u s e a p a r t f r o m t h e g e n e r a l c a t a l o g , t i t l e s of U n i t e d N a - t i o n s a n d S p e c i a l i z e d A g e n c y p e r i o d i c a l s s h o u l d b e i n c l u d e d . W o u l d n o t t h e a b s e n c e of s u b j e c t c a r d s m e a n t h a t r e a d e r s w o u l d m i s s i m p o r t a n t m a - t e r i a l s ? T h i s is p r o b a b l y t h e g r a v e s t a c c u s a - t i o n a g a i n s t t h e p r o p o s e d s c h e m e . I n a s s i s t - i n g r e a d e r s , r e f e r e n c e l i b r a r i a n s w o u l d h a v e t o be c o n s t a n t l y o n t h e w a t c h t o s e e t h a t t h e y d i d n o t n e g l e c t i t e m s r e c e i v i n g t h i s s p e c i a l t r e a t m e n t . T h e p r e s e n t w r i t e r f e e l s t h a t s o m e s u b j e c t t r e a t m e n t is n e c e s s a r y . T h e f o l l o w i n g s u g g e s t i o n s a r e p u t f o r w a r d w i t h t h e v i e w of g i v i n g s o m e s u b j e c t c o v e r a g e in a n e c o n o m i c a l w a y . W e h a v e s e e n t h a t L i b r a r y of C o n g r e s s c a r d s a r e a v a i l a b l e f o r m o s t s a l e s p u b l i c a t i o n s a n d f o r a n u m b e r of m i m e o - g r a p h e d d o c u m e n t s . T h e s e c a r d s c o u l d b e filed b y s u b j e c t . F o r m r e f e r e n c e s t o t h e l i b r a r y ' s h o l d i n g s of U n i t e d N a t i o n s m a t e r i a l , a n d t o United Nations Documents Index in p a r t i c u l a r , m i g h t b e i n s e r t e d u n d e r o t h e r a p p r o p r i a t e h e a d i n g s . A n e x a m i n a t i o n of t h e s u b j e c t 168 • COLLEGE AND RESEARCH LIBRARIES e n t r i e s in t h e c a t a l o g of o n e l i b r a r y h o u s i n g U n i t e d N a t i o n s d o c u m e n t s a n d p u b l i c a t i o n s s h o w e d a n u m b e r of s u b j e c t e n t r i e s f o r s a l e s p u b l i c a t i o n s b u t n o t m u c h e l s e . T h e r e w a s n o t h i n g f o r t h e U n i t e d N a t i o n s u n d e r " I n t e r - n a t i o n a l l a w — C o d i f i c a t i o n , " t h o u g h a r e l e v - a n t L e a g u e of N a t i o n s p u b l i c a t i o n w a s t h e r e . T h i s w a s b e c a u s e t h e w o r k of t h e U n i t e d N a t i o n s in t h i s f i e l d is r e p o r t e d in s u p p l e - m e n t s t o t h e G e n e r a l A s s e m b l y ' s Official Rec- ords; m a n y m i m e o g r a p h e d d o c u m e n t s a r e a l s o c o n c e r n e d w i t h t h i s s u b j e c t . N o r w e r e t h e r e e n t r i e s u n d e r a n u m b e r of o t h e r s u b j e c t s f o r w h i c h U n i t e d N a t i o n s d o c u m e n t s a n d p u b l i c a - t i o n s in t h a t l i b r a r y p r o b a b l y g i v e t h e m o s t d e t a i l e d , t h e m o s t a u t h o r i t a t i v e , o r t h e m o s t u p - t o - d a t e i n f o r m a t i o n a v a i l a b l e . T h i s l i - b r a r y is, in g e n e r a l , t a k i n g g o o d c a r e of its U n i t e d N a t i o n s c o l l e c t i o n . T h o u g h a t h o r o u g h i n v e s t i g a t i o n h a s n o t b e e n m a d e , i t is p r o b a b l e t h a t c o n d i t i o n s in t h i s o n e l i b r a r y a r e p a r a l l e l e d e l s e w h e r e . If L i b r a r y of C o n g r e s s c a r d s f o r U n i t e d N a t i o n s m a t e r i a l s a r e f i l e d b y s u b j e c t a n d f o r m c a r d s a r e a l s o u s e d , s o m e t i m e s t h e y w o u l d c o m e t o g e t h e r u n d e r t h e s a m e h e a d - i n g . I n t h e g r e a t m a j o r i t y of c a s e s a l l t h a t w o u l d b e n e c e s s a r y w o u l d b e t o a d d a w o r d t o t h e f o r m c a r d , so t h a t i n s t e a d of r e a d i n g " I n f o r m a t i o n . . . " t h e y w o u l d r e a d " A d d i - t i o n a l I n f o r m a t i o n . . . . " M o s t p r i n t e d U n i t e d N a t i o n s p u b l i c a t i o n s a n d t h e m o r e s u b s t a n t i a l m i m e o g r a p h e d d o c u m e n t s w i l l b e f o u n d t o be s u p p o r t e d by o t h e r r e l a t e d m i m e o - g r a p h e d i t e m s . I t h a s a l r e a d y b e e n s u g g e s t e d t h a t U n i t e d N a t i o n s d o c u m e n t s a n d p u b l i c a t i o n s a r r i v i n g in a l i b r a r y b e s c r e e n e d f o r w o r k s by i n - d i v i d u a l a u t h o r s , t i t l e s of s e r i a l s , e t c . T h e y m i g h t a l s o b e s c r e e n e d f r o m t h e s u b j e c t p o i n t of v i e w a n d n e w f o r m c a r d s m a d e w h e n a p p r o p r i a t e . F o r t h i s p u r p o s e a s e p a r a t e U n i t e d N a t i o n s f o r m c a r d f i l e w o u l d b e n e e d e d a s a w o r k i n g t o o l . I t is a l s o s u g g e s t e d t h a t t h e c a r d s be d a t e d . T h e i n t e r e s t s of t h e U n i t e d N a t i o n s d o c h a n g e ; a f t e r t h e p a s s a g e of a n u m b e r of y e a r s i t m i g h t b e n e c e s s a r y t o a d d t o t h e f o r m c a r d s a f u l l e r i n d i c a t i o n of t h e y e a r s c o n c e r n e d . T h e p r o - c e d u r e s o u t l i n e d w o u l d n o t t a k e m u c h t i m e a n d t h e y w o u l d p r o v i d e a m i n i m u m c o v e r a g e by s u b j e c t in t h e p u b l i c c a t a l o g . T h e y a r e s u g g e s t e d b e c a u s e it is r e a l i z e d t h a t f u l l e r s u b j e c t c a t a l o g i n g is o f t e n n o t p o s s i b l e . I t s h o u l d be n o t e d t h a t in e a c h i s s u e of United Nations Documents Index " a n a s t e r i s k d i s t i n g u i s h e s t h o s e d o c u m e n t s a n d p u b l i c a t i o n s w h i c h s u m m a r i z e t h e w o r k of a n o r g a n , r e p - r e s e n t t h e f i n a l r e s u l t s of i n t e r n a t i o n a l c o n - f e r e n c e s o r r e s e a r c h p r o j e c t s , o r a r e w o r k s of r e f e r e n c e s u c h a s b i b l i o g r a p h i e s , h a n d b o o k s a n d y e a r b o o k s . " T h e m o n t h l y s u b j e c t i n d e x a t t h e e n d of United Nations Documents Index d o e s , h o w - e v e r , p r o v i d e a n a n a l y t i c i n d e x f a r s u p e r i o r t o a n y t h i n g l i b r a r i e s c a n a f f o r d t o p r o d u c e t h e m s e l v e s f o r t h e i r o w n c a t a l o g s . I t i n - c l u d e s i n d e x e n t r i e s f o r p a r t s of d o c u m e n t s a n d p u b l i c a t i o n s a s w e l l a s f o r t h e s e i t e m s a s a w h o l e . I n t h i s r e s p e c t it is m o r e d e t a i l e d t h a n t h e s u b j e c t i n d e x e s in t h e g e n e r a l c a t a - l o g s of t h e p u b l i c a t i o n s of n a t i o n a l g o v e r n - m e n t s . A s h a s a l r e a d y b e e n n o t e d , t h e p l a n is t o c u m u l a t e a n n u a l l y i t s s u b j e c t i n d e x . W h a t t r e a t m e n t w o u l d b e g i v e n t o i t e m s w h i c h t h e l i b r a r y w i s h e d t o s h e l v e o u t s i d e t h e m a i n U n i t e d N a t i o n s a n d / o r S p e c i a l i z e d A g e n c i e s C o l l e c t i o n ? N o t e s in t h e c h e c k i n g r e c o r d s a n d p o s s i b l y a m a r k e d c o p y of United Nations Documents Index w o u l d s h o w t h i s . I t m i g h t b e d e c i d e d tha^tt e x t r a c o p i e s of t h e p u b l i c a t i o n s c o n c e r n e d w e r e n e e d e d f o r s u c h p u r p o s e s . I f s p e c i a l c a t a l o g s w e r e p r o v i d e d f o r t h e s e o t h e r l o c a t i o n s , e . g . in d e p a r t m e n t a l o r s e m i n a r l i b r a r i e s , t h e e x t r a c o p i e s c o u l d b e c a t a l o g e d f o r t h i s p u r p o s e . I f t h e m a i n c a t a l o g of t h e l i b r a r y is a u n i o n c a t a l o g of a l l h o l d i n g s , t h e c h e c k i n g r e c o r d a n d / o r t h e c o p y of United Nations Documents Index s e r v i n g a s a c a t a l o g w o u l d b e m a r k e d a c c o r d i n g l y . W h a t of t h e m a t e r i a l t h a t a p p e a r e d b e - f o r e " U n i t e d N a t i o n s D o c u m e n t s I n d e x " b e - g a n ? S o m e 4 1 , 0 0 0 d o c u m e n t s a n d p u b l i c a - t i o n s in E n g l i s h h a d b e e n i s s u e d by t h e U n i t e d N a t i o n s a l o n e b e f o r e United Nations Docu- ments Index b e g a n . S o m e of t h e s e a r e c a r e - f u l l y r e c o r d e d in Checklists; t h e s e h a v e s u b - j e c t i n d e x e s . T h e p r e p a r a t i o n a n d p u b l i c a - t i o n of c h e c k l i s t s f o r t h e d o c u m e n t s n o t so f a r c o v e r e d is c o n t i n u i n g . F o r c o v e r a g e of t h e S p e c i a l i z e d A g e n c i e s in p r e - U n i t e d Nations Documents Index t i m e s , o n l y t h e c a t a l o g s a n d i n d e x e s p r o d u c e d by t h e s e a g e n c i e s t h e m - s e l v e s a r e a v a i l a b l e . A c a s e c a n , t h e n , b e m a d e f o r u s i n g United Nations Documents Index a s p a r t of t h e c a t a - l o g of a l i b r a r y ' s c o n t e n t s a n d f o r n o t c a t a l o g i n g a t a l l o r a d o p t i n g a s c h e m e of APRIL, 1951 15 7 h i g h l y s e l e c t i v e c a t a l o g i n g in t h e c a r d c a t a l o g i t s e l f . I t s h o u l d b e a d d e d t h a t , in a d d i t i o n t o United Nations Documents Index, s o m e a g e n c i e s h a v e d e t a i l e d c a t a l o g s of t h e i r o w n d o c u m e n t s a n d p u b l i c a t i o n s . If a l i b r a r y is a d e p o s i t o r y of o n e of t h e s e a g e n c i e s , it m o s t c e r t a i n l y s h o u l d s h e l v e t h e r e l e v a n t a g e n c y b i b l i o g r a p h y w i t h United Nations Documents Index. I n a t l e a s t o n e c a s e t h e a g e n c y b i b l i o g - r a p h y is f u l l e r t h a n United Nations Docu- ments Index. T h e I n t e r n a t i o n a l C i v i l A v i a t i o n O r g a n i z a - t i o n p u b l i s h e s a m o n t h l y Index of ICAO Documents. T h i s is in a l p h a b e t i c a l o r d e r of s u b j e c t s a n d it is c u m u l a t e d a n n u a l l y . A l - t e r n a t i v e l y , o r in a d d i t i o n , o n e c a n r e c e i v e m o n t h l y , b y s u b s c r i p t i o n , c a r d s c o n t a i n i n g a b - s t r a c t s . S u b j e c t h e a d i n g s a r e p r i n t e d a t t h e t o p of t h e c a r d s . T h e s e h e a d i n g s a r e , h o w - e v e r , s p e c i a l i z e d o n e s , so t h a t t h e c a r d s c o u l d h a r d l y b e i n t e r f i l e d in t h e c a t a l o g of a g e n e r a l l i b r a r y . 170 • COLLEGE AND RESEARCH LIBRARIES