College and Research Libraries News From the Field ACQUISITIONS, G I F T S , C O L L E C T I O N S T H E L I B R A R Y of Morristown ( N . J . ) Na- tional Historical Park is unique in the Na- tional Park System. T h i s new wing of the park museum building houses a m a j o r col- lection of Revolutionary W a r materials. Originating chiefly from the bequest of the late Lloyd W . Smith and an earlier donation by W i l l i a m Van Vleck Lidgerwood, the col- lection consists of nearly 25,000 manuscripts and 17,000 books, pamphlets, periodicals, and broadsides. T h e collection is especially rich in Wash- ingtoniana, with more than a hundred of his manuscript letters and documents, near- ly a score of bound account books, journals, and letterbooks, and several autographed volumes from his library. Hamilton, Jeffer- son, Adams, Madison, and other " f o u n d i n g fathers" also are represented by sizeable hold- ings of letters. I n fact, virtually every prom- inent figure of the Revolutionary period is represented in the manuscript collection. Or- derly books and journals of British, French, and Hessian, as well as American, partic- ipants are found there, some of the most noteworthy being the " l o s t " orderly book of Sir William Howe (June-October 1776), Ad- miral Rodney's log book and signal book, J a r q u a i n Laine's diary of naval events from 1778-80, and M a j o r Joseph Bloomfield's jour- nal (1776-78). Newspapers and periodicals of the period also are in the collection. Considerable material, both in manuscript and printed form, is to be found for other periods of American history, from the age of discovery to nineteenth-century travel and exploration. Among the colonial items are portions of T h o m a s Hutchinson's man- uscript of his History of Massachusetts Bay, the original documents published in Mon- cure Conway's Barons of the Potomac and Rappahanock, several journals written dur- ing the French and Indian W a r , and an im- portant Indian collection which includes numerous accounts of Indian captivities. T h e library contains a number of W a r of 1812 and Civil W a r manuscripts, in addition to a large and significant body of material on the eighteenth- and early nineteenth- century history of New Jersey and neighbor- ing states. Although the library is still being cata- loged, it is open to all serious students of American history. An inventory and name index have been prepared for most of the manuscript collection, and the printed materials have been classified and shelved. T H E C H A P I N L I B R A R Y at Williams College has acquired some twenty notable specimens of the printer's art with funds from the Ho- race A. Moses Foundation. T h i s special fund was presented to the college through the in- terest of Leonard B . Schlosser for the pur- chases of representative examples of graphic arts during recent centuries. T H E L I B R A R Y O F C O N G R E S S has received the first installment of the papers of Jesse H . J o n e s , one-time head of the Reconstruction Finance Corporation and Secretary of Com- merce. T h e s e materials include 60,000 items covering his official correspondence during 1932-45 when he served as head of the R e - construction Finance Corporation and Sec- retary of Commerce (1940-45). I n addition to correspondence, there are bound volumes of newspaper clippings covering all phases of Mr. J o n e s ' career, a complete file of R F C press releases, and a speech file containing approximately 7,000 manuscripts. O B E R L I N C O L L E G E L I B R A R Y has been pre- sented with an extensive collection of dime novels by Mr. and Mrs. Paul A. Frank of Akron. Part of the estate of Dr. W a l t e r F. T u n k s , the gift includes more than 2,200 items and encompasses 89 series titles. T h e library will preserve the collection as an entity and plans to issue a descriptive list later this year. T H E C O N S E R V A T O R Y O F M U S I C at Oberlin College has received the music library of the late Gustave Langenus as a gift from his children, Alan Langenus of New York and Adelaide Langenus Wright of Ridgeway, Pa. T h e collection contains more than 500 books and a varied collection of scores, primarily for the clarinet. S O U T H E R N I L L I N O I S U N I V E R S I T Y F O U N D A T I O N has bought the 2,000-volume Jewell Stevens SEPTEMBER 1959 385 collection of American and British literature for the S I U library with privately contrib- uted funds. Of special interest are the com- plete collection of first editions and a group of manuscript letters of D . H . Lawrence and J . Middleton Murry. A S M A L L but important collection of the papers of Mark Sullivan (1874-1952), jour- nalist and author, has been presented to the Library of Congress by his son, Mark Sul- livan, J r . , of Washington, D.C., Mr. Sul- livan's career brought him in close touch with many of the men who made the history he wrote about in his six-volume chronicle, Our Times: The United States, 1900-1925. Letters from T h e o d o r e Roosevelt, W i l l i a m Howard T a f t , Woodrow Wilson, W a r r e n G. Harding, Calvin Coolidge, W i l l i a m J e n n i n g s Bryan, and Charles W a r r e n are among some 200 items in the collection. BUILDINGS T H E J O H N C R E R A R L I B R A R Y will move to the T e c h n o l o g y Center campus of the Il- linois Institute of T e c h n o l o g y as soon as a new building can be erected. T h e library will continue to be governed by its board of directors. In addition to its own holdings of some million volumes in medicine, sci- ence, and technology, the Crerar Library will have custody of the institute's 125,000-vol- ume technical collection. T h e Illinois T e c h library staff will be consolidated with the Crerar staff, making a total of approximately eighty-five people. T h e move is being made to locate the Crerar Library in a center of technological education and scientific research, to make possible expansion and improvement of its services, and to realize economies in its op- eration. At present, students, faculty mem- bers, and scientific personnel of T e c h n o l o g y Center comprise the largest single group of upsers of the Crerar Library. A separate sec- tion of the new building will be devoted to Illinois T e c h ' s library o f arts, humanities, and social science literature. T h e proposed site of the new building is in the center of the Illinois T e c h campus. Illinois T e c h is providing the land for the building under a long-term lease. T h e two institutions will share in the cost of the building project, estimated at between $1,- 500,000 and $2,000,000. T h e two sections of the building, contain- ing approximately 80,000 square feet, will b e constructed to match the modern architec- tural design of the other T e c h n o l o g y Center buildings. T h e y will be air-conditioned, and will have a capacity of at least 1,500,000 books and periodicals. U n d e r the new arrangement, with the in- clusion of the Illinois T e c h budget, and with reduced operating costs, the Crerar Li- brary will be able to more than double its acquisitions and to offer improved and ex- panded reading rooms, study and research facilities, and associated services. T h e air- conditioning and other modern building facilities will aid in preserving collections of rare documents, books, and periodicals. Con- venient transportation facilities, extensive parking space, and improved service pos- sible with the new efficient layout will serve the interests of the users of these great tech- nical and medical collections. Crerar Library was founded in 1895 from the proceeds of a trust fund established by J o h n Crerar, a prominent Chicago business- man. T h e library moved i n t o its present building in 1920, and occupies ten o f the fifteen floors. No plans have been announced as to the use or disposition of the building when the library moves to T e c h n o l o g y Cen- ter. G R O U N D was broken on J u n e 12 for the new National Library of Medicine in Bethes- da, Md., on property adjacent to that oc- cupied by the National Institutes of H e a l t h . T h e ceremony marked the beginning of work on the new $7,000,000 building to be completed in 1961. T h e new building was designed by the architectural firm of O'Con- nor and Kilham of New York. T h e Arthur V e n n e r i Company of Washington is the con- tractor. T h e building will have five floors, three below ground level, providing space for 1,250,000 bound volumes. T h e great his- torical collections of the library, at present in rented space in Cleveland, will be re- integrated with the main collection when the building is completed. T H E L I B R A R Y of the Norfolk (Va.) Divi- sion of the College of W i l l i a m and Mary has occupied a new combined library and ,386 COLLEGE AND RESEARCH LIBRARIES classroom building constructed at a cost of nearly $1,000,000. Planned by the local firm of Oliver and Smith with consultative assist- ance from Edward Stone, designer of the U.S. pavilion at Brussels, and Walter Kil- ham, architect of Princeton Library, the li- brary will seat 300 and provide shelving for 90,000 volumes, twice the present book stock. W A S H I N G T O N U N I V E R S I T Y , St. Louis, has two new library buildings under construc- tion. A music library is being built with a fund of $250,000 given by Mrs. Clifford W . Gaylord. This building, which will provide about 10,000 square feet of usable floor space, will be ready for occupancy in 1960. Also to be completed in 1960 is Steinberg Hall of Art and Archaeology, which will house the University's art and architecture libraries and galleries. GRANTS T H E C O S T of the third and final edition of the Union List of Serials in Libraries in the United States and Canada will be largely underwritten by a $244,651 grant from the Council on Library Resources. T h e grant was made to the J o i n t Committee on the Union List of Serials, Inc., a non-profit group representing all segments of library work in the United States and Canada. Dr. Frank B. Rogers, director of the National Library of Medicine, Washington, D.C., is chairman. T h e project will be carried out by the Library of Congress under the super- vision of J o h n W . Cronin, director of the processing department. T h e grant provides for the consolidation in one alphabet of available information re- garding holdings by United States and Ca- nadian libraries of serials that commenced publication prior to 1950. Part of this in- formation will be taken directly from the second edition of the Union List and its two supplements. Titles that have not previous- ly appeared in the Union List will be as- sembled from the National Union Catalog, the Southeastern Supplement to the Union List of Serials, and reports from participat- ing libraries and others, including especially the National Library of Canada. These titles, estimated at 15,000 in number, will be listed in a checking edition sent to some 500 li- Clearinghouse for Library Research R e s e a r c h u n d e r way i n all fields of l i b r a r i a n s h i p will be r e p o r t e d i n Library Research in Progress, a new b u l l e t i n i n i t i a t e d by the L i b r a r y Services B r a n c h of t h e U . S. Office of E d u c a t i o n . D e s i g n e d to serve as a c l e a r i n g h o u s e of infor- m a t i o n , t h e b u l l e t i n w i l l g r o u p p r o j e c t listings by s u b j e c t a n d will i n c l u d e the f o l l o w i n g d a t a (if a v a i l a b l e ) : n a m e a n d address of p r i n c i p a l investigator, title, purpose, scope a n d m e t h o d o l o g y , sponsor a n d / o r c o o p e r a t i n g groups, m e t h o d of financing, p u b l i c a t i o n plans, d a t e i n i t i a t e d , a n d e s t i m a t e d t e r m i n a l date. T h e first issue will a p p e a r in l a t e S e p t e m b e r . Copies will be a v a i l a b l e w i t h o u t c h a r g e up- o n r e q u e s t . T o a c h i e v e b r o a d coverage, Library Research in Progress seeks t h e c o o p e r a t i o n o f all w h o are engaged in research r e l a t i n g to libraries, w h e t h e r for a n a c a d e m i c degree, u n d e r a f o u n d a t i o n g r a n t , o r f o r personal p u b l i c a t i o n . O n l y research in progress o r fully p l a n n e d will b e listed. P r o j e c t s d e a l i n g w i t h l i b r a r y methods, tech- n i q u e s , d e v e l o p m e n t s , a n d surveys fall w i t h i n t h e scope of t h e new p u b l i c a t i o n . P u r e l y l i t e r a r y o r b i b l i o g r a p h i c a l research, d e m o n s t r a t i o n p r o j e c t s (unless there is a f o r m a l p l a n of e v a l u a t i o n ) , a n d studies of t e m p o r a r y significance w i l l b e ex- cluded. I t e m s f o r i n c l u s i o n s h o u l d be d e s c r i b e d o n F o r m L S B - 5 " N o t i c e of L i b r a r y R e s e a r c h P r o j e c t " a v a i l a b l e f r o m the L i b r a r y Services B r a n c h . Specialists of the B r a n c h will act as t h e g e n e r a l e d i t o r i a l b o a r d f o r t h e b u l l e t i n . SEPTEMBER 1959 387 braries. T h e holdings reported as a result will be added to the main file as copy for the third edition of the Union List. I t is ex- pected that the work will be ready for print- ing some time in 1961, when a publisher will be selected. It is hoped that the work may be issued during 1962. An edition of 2,500 cop- ies is contemplated; the selling price to li- braries will be approximately fifty dollars. Meanwhile as a continuing solution to problems of recording serials, the J o i n t Com- mittee proposes to promote, as a cooperative library project, the completeness and utility of New Serial Titles, issued by the Library of Congress. T H E B R O O K I N G S I N S T I T U T I O N will under- take a survey of federal departmental and agency library facilities under a $72,965 grant from the Council on Library Resources, Inc. Luther H. Evans, formerly director gen- eral of U N E S C O and Librarian of Congress (1945-53), will serve as senior consultant for the project which will be under the direction of Charles A. H. Thomson, senior staff mem- ber of the Brookings Institution. T h e survey will be the first major over-all appraisal of federal library facilities. It is expected to provide a foundation for future planning and coordination of these activities. Work is expected to start about October 1. Preliminary planning began J u l y 1. It is contemplated that the survey will be com- pleted and the results published in book form early in 1961. T h e survey will concentrate on the li- braries of the executive establishment in the Washington area. Regional problems will be investigated on a sampling basis by examin- ing the organization and operation of fed- eral libraries in two regional centers, per- haps Chicago and Denver, with special ref- erence to inter-agency relationships. A G R A N T from the Lilly Endowment, Inc., has made possible eleven scholarships award- ed by the American Theological Library As- sociation. Ranging from $300 to $2,000, the scholarships are designed to improve the professional capacity and academic status of librarians serving institutions affiliated with the American Association of Theological Schools. Eight of the eleven awards are for study at graduate schools of library science. T h e remainder are for work in subject fields. O N E O F T H E E A R L I E S T grants made by the Council on Library Resources, Inc., was in 1957 to the Virginia State Library to inquire into the deterioration of book paper and to seek remedial measures. T h e study was conducted by William J . Barrow, a well- known document restorer and inventor of a system for the preservation of library mate- rials, who is associated with the Virginia State Library. T h e study was concluded late in 1958. A preliminary report of the study was made in an article entitled " I s T h e r e a Doc- tor in the House?" by Randolph W. Church, Virginia State Librarian, in Publishers' Weekly, January 5, 1959. A fuller exposition of the findings appeared under the title "Permanence in Book Papers" by W . J. Bar- row and Reavis C. Sproull as the lead article in Science for April 24, 1959. T h e complete data are to be issued in the near future as a publication of the Virginia State Library. T h e Council has made a new grant to the Virginia State Library to continue its study of paper in the direction of finding methods for producing permanent book papers at a cost competitive with present papers, and of applying to existing book stock the preserva- tive measures derived from the earlier study. T H E C O U N C I L O N L I B R A R Y R E S O U R C E S , I N C . , has awarded a contract to Ramo-Wooldridge, a division of Thompson R a m o Wooldridge, Inc., of Los Angeles, for the first phase of an investigation into problems of mechanical indexing and retrieval of information. T h e proposed research program will in- clude the recording on punched cards, punched tape, or magnetic tape of a small experimental library of scientific text. T h i s library will be "raw"; i.e., it will not have been previously organized, classified, or in- dexed. A general-purpose computer will be programmed to search this text, in response to questions formulated by scientific workers, with a view to discovering and printing out information relevant to the answers. T h e investigation, which will require nine months, is expected to permit the formula- tion of a more comprehensive investigation involving a considerably larger experimental library and total effort. T h e study will be directed by Don R . Swanson. Noam Chom- sky of the Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton University, and Paul L. Garvin of ,388 COLLEGE AND RESEARCH LIBRARIES Georgetown University will serve as linguist consultants to the project. T h e results of the mechanized information retrieval will be compared with those of traditional methods of indexing by J o h a n n a A. T a l l m a n and Donald V. Black, both science-technology librarians at the University of California at L o s Angeles. T H E A S S O C I A T I O N O F R E S E A R C H L I B R A R I E S has received a two-year grant from the Coun- cil on Library Resources, Inc., for use in extending the Farmington Plan. During its first decade of operation the Plan was restricted to publications in the R o m a n alphabet and certain classes of publi- cations were also excluded. At the end of its tenth year the Plan was evaluated by A R L , with the financial assistance of the Council o n Library Resources, and it was determined that it should be continued in operation and extended to certain of the areas, forms, and subjects which had previously been exclud- ed. T h e present grant is toward the expenses o f this extension, which will require a num- ber of studies of the status of the national acquisitions situation with regard to certain classes of publications; the establishment of selection and purchasing agreements with publishers, dealers, and libraries abroad; and the development of programs of acquisition for special classes of material in coordination with the groups which are the principal users of these publications. W i l l i a m S. D i x , librarian of Princeton University, is executive secretary of A R L . R o b e r t B . Downs, dean of library adminis- tration at the University of Illinois, is chair- man of the Association's Farmington Plan Committee. T h e grant, which is in the sum of $15,000, will be administered on A R L ' s behalf by Princeton University. M E E T I N G S T H E T O P I C S discussed by the Chemical Literature Division at the 136th meeting of the American Chemical Society were " T e c h - nical Information Services for Industry: Case Histories" and " T e c h n i c a l W r i t i n g for Spe- cialized Purposes." T h e group met in At- lantic City, September 13-18. A N I N T E R N A T I O N A L C O N F E R E N C E o n m a - chine searching and translation was held at Western Reserve University, September 6-12. More than fifty papers written by specialists SEPTEMBER 1959 considered the development of a common machine language or a series of compatible machine languages to prepare scientific and technical literature for searching, selecting, correlating, and translating by automatic equipment. T h e conference was sponsored jointly by the university and the R a n d De- velopment Corporation. T H E A M E R I C A N D O C U M E N T A T I O N I N S T I T U T E will hold its annual meeting at Lehigh Uni- versity, Bethlehem, Pa., October 22-24. R o b - ert S. T a y l o r , associate librarian at the uni- versity, is convention chairman. I N F O R M A T I O N S T O R A G E and retrieval will be the subject of a two-week course given from September 28 to October 9 at the University of California, Los Angeles. Sponsored by the University's physical sciences and engineer- ing extension, the course will emphasize the need for systematic mathematical structure for this work, a description of its present state, and its relationship to general informa- tion systems. Information and applications may be obtained from H . L . T a l l m a n , Phys- ical Sciences Extension, M. S. 6115, Univer- sity of California, Los Angeles 24. PUBLICATIONS Library Statistics of Larger Colleges and Universities, 1956-57 (U.S. Office of Educa- tion Circular No. 578) by J o h n Carson R a t h e r , specialist for college and research libraries, Library Services Branch, presents selected data from 135 institutions with en- rollments of 5,000 students or more. T h e study includes a comparative analysis of averages of selected data on libraries in sev- enty-nine colleges and universities that main- tained this enrollment level during the ten- year period beginning 1946/47. T h e high- lights of the study are: 1. T h e median number of volumes in the 135 libraries was 349,250. T h e median num- ber of volumes added during 1956/57 was 17,031. 2. T h e median number of professional staff was 20.1; of nonprofessional staff, 20.0. 3. T h e s e libraries spent an average of $36.87 per student. 4. Of each dollar of library operating ex- penditure, salaries and wages accounted for sixty-four cents; library materials and bind- ing, slightly less than thirty-one cents; and 389 other operating expenditures, about five cents. 5. Between 1946/47 and 1956/57, average library operating expenditures of larger in- stitutions increased 146.7 per cent and the cost per student rose 122.9 per cent. How- ever, during this period library expenditures scarcely varied from being 3.1 per cent of total institutional expenditures for educa- tional and general purposes. Circular No. 578 is the first of three re- ports based on a nationwide survey of li- baries in institutions of higher education for 1956/57. T h e second report will be a cir- cular giving selected statistics of higher ed- ucation libraries by type of institution and by enrollment. T h e final report will cover all aspects of academic library statistics. It will appear as a chapter of the Biennial Sur- vey of Education in the United States, 1956- 58. Copies of Circular No. 578 have been mailed to libraries of all institutions of high- er education. Additional copies are available without charge from the Library Services Branch, Office of Education, Washington 25, D.C. T H E S I X T H E D I T I O N of Library and Refer- ence Facilities in the Area of the District of Columbia, prepared by the Loan Division of the Library of Congress, describes the col- lections and services of almost 250 libraries. It lists the rules for use of each library, the name of its librarian, its address, and its tel- ephone number, and describes the units furnishing public service. T h e r e is an index to subjects covered by the various libraries and to the names of librarians. Copies are available at $2.00 each from the Card Di- vision, Library of Congress. N U M B E R 2 (NSF 59-19) of the National Science Foundation's Scientific Information Activities of Federal Agencies series is on the U.S. Office of Naval Research. I t describes the general scientific information programs; subject fields, sources of information, and supply of technical reports; and libraries and information centers of all facets of the agency. L A W R E N C E S. T H O M P S O N , director of the University of Kentucky Libraries, is the com- piler of a literary map of Kentucky. Copies are available at one dollar each from the Kentucky Library Association, c / o Univer- sity of Kentucky Library, Lexington. A L I S T of 750 desirable 1958 books for the lower-division college library has been de- veloped by R o b e r t T . J o r d a n , librarian, T a f t College, T a f t , Calif. Based largely on re- views, the list is designed to provide a book selection aid for the two-year college. A few copies are available free from the author, B o x 902, T a f t , Calif. T H E P A P E R S of William Henry Harrison,, second in the microreproduction series of Presidential papers in the Library of Con- gress, have been filmed on three reels con- taining 2,575 exposures. T h e Harrison pa- pers contain approximately 1,100 items, rang- ing in date from 1785 to 1932. A positive copy is available on interlibrary loan, or one may be purchased for $20. T H E N E W E D I T I O N of the Encyclopedia of American Associations (Detroit: Gale Re- search Co., 1959. $20) lists basic information about 8,892 national organizations, 3,000 more than appeared in the first edition. In addition to the basic volume, a geographic index has been compiled. I t is sold only in conjunction with the encyclopedia. D R . F E L I X R E I C H M A N N , assistant director, Cornell University Library, is author of Sugar, Gold, and Coffee: Essays on the His- tory of Brazil Based on Francis Hull's Books (Ithaca: Cornell University Library, 1959). T h i s work was developed from materials in the Francis Hull Library of Braziliana pre- sented to Cornell by Herbert F. J o h n s o n . T H E S P E C I A L L I B R A R I E S A S S O C I A T I O N , N e w York Chapter, has published the eighth ed- ition of Special Libraries Directory of Great- er New York, a listing by subject specialty indexed by subject, library, and personnel. T h e publication may be ordered from Mrs. Elizabeth M. Hutchins, Young 8c Rubicam, Inc., 285 Madison Avenue, New York 17. T h e price per copy is $3.00 for SLA mem- bers and $5.00 for non-members. Checks should be made payable to the Special Li- braries Association, New York Chapter. Twenty-five Short Cases in Library Person- nel Administration, by Kenneth R . Shaffer (Hamden, Conn.: T h e Shoe String Press, 1959, 135p., $3.50) is the first of a series of descriptions of "situations" concerned with ,390 COLLEGE AND RESEARCH LIBRARIES various aspects of library administration. T h e primary purpose of the volume is to provide material for instructional use in li- brary schools, but librarians in general will recognize some of the "cases"; no solutions are offered, but questions of procedure are raised. American Research on Russia, edited by H a r o l d H . Fisher (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1959. 240p., $5.00) is a series of essays on research in America of Russian history, economics, political science, philos- ophy and religion, social relations, science, geography, literature, linguistics, music, and architecture and minor arts. I n an intro- ductory article on " T h e Growth of Russian Studies," Philip E. Mosely traces the develop- ment of curricular and research programs in American universities. Among other provoca- tive comments, he writes: " A scholar has a special duty to be vigilant against his own preconceptions and preferences and to b e willing constantly to test his previous con- clusions against new evidence or data pre- viously neglected. I n this way he serves both as a scholar and as a citizen. As a citizen he takes part in many non-research activities. As a scholar he always returns to that cen- tral purpose of making his research as nearly objective as possible, not by renouncing val- ues, but by making them explicit through his self-disciplined effort to rise above them as he studies and analyzes a system which, very different from our own in its values, constitutes, in the world of today, a dynamic and challenging focus of power." T H E C O P Y R I G H T O F F I C E has a limited num- ber of surplus copies of its publication, Dra- matic Compositions Copyrighted in the Unit- ed States, 1870-1916. T h i s is the earliest cum- ulative catalog issued by the Copyright Office and provides comprehensive coverage of the work of American dramatists during an im- portant period of literary activity. I t con- tains over 60,000 titles alphabetically ar- ranged, with complete index to authors, translators, proprietors, etc. As long as the surplus lasts sets will be sent free to libraries requesting them. W h i l e many copies are shelf-worn, all are sound and complete. Sets may be requested from R . G. Plumb, Head, Information and Publications Section, Copy- right Office, Washington 25, D.C. M I S C E L L A N E O U S B E N J A M I N E. P O W E L L , A L A President and librarian of Duke University, will represent A L A and A C R L at ceremonies marking the beginning of Louisiana State University's centennial year October 22-23. T h e two-day program will include the dedication of L S U ' s new $3,500,000 library, which was completed in 1958. T H E L I B R A R Y O F C O N G R E S S has issued its first catalog cards prepared by photocom- position for Chinese, Japanese, and Korean materials. T h e new process is made possible by a J a p a n e s e machine that has a capacity of almost 10,000 characters on 35 glass plates and, in composing, each character can be modified in more than 200 different ways. T h e new process will eliminate the necessity of writing characters by hand. A M I C R O F I L M C O P Y of the Association of College Unions Bulletin, 1933 to date, and proceedings of all conferences since 1914 has been placed in university libraries in each of eleven regions. T h e y are: Connecticut; Teachers College, Columbia; Maryland; North Carolina; Cincinnati; Illinois; Mich- igan; Kansas; Oklahoma State; Arizona; and Oregon. Interlibrary loan requests should be directed to the appropriate depository. T H E H E A D Q U A R T E R S of the National Fed- eration of Science Abstracting and Indexing Services have been established in Washing- ton, D.C. R a y m o n d A. J e n s e n is executive secretary. T h e federation was organized last year to work for the improvement of ab- stracting, indexing, and analysis of the world's scientific and technical literature. T w o proj- ects under way are the preparation of a union list of periodicals covered by m a j o r abstracting and indexing services since J a n - uary 1, 1957, and the preparation of a sub- ject, language, and country analysis of sci- entific periodicals and monographic series produced by scientific institutions. C U R R E N T Russian scientific literature will be more readily available in the New Eng- land area, thanks to Massachusetts Institute of T e c h n o l o g y Library. I t has accepted the role of New England depository for trans- lations of Russian scientific and technical journals furnished by the Office of T e c h n i c a l SEPTEMBER 1959 391 Services, U.S. Department of Commerce. This arrangement will make available some 10,000 translated articles and 50,000 abstracts a year for physics, biology, and chemistry. In addition, the M I T Library has substantially improved its coverage of Slavic journals through purchase and exchange. T H E O B E R L Y M E M O R I A L A W A R D f o r t h e best bibliography in the field of agriculture was awarded to J . Richard Blanchard and Harald Ostvold for their Literature of Agri- culture Research (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1958). Mr. Blanchard is li- brarian of the University of California at Davis and Mr. Ostvold, former agriculture librarian at the University of Minnesota, is chief of the New York Public Library refer- ence department. A N H O N O R A R Y D E G R E E of Master of Arts was conferred on Donald B. Engley, librarian of Trinity College, Hartford, Conn., at the June commencement exercises of Amherst College. T E N J A P A N E S E L I B R A R I A N S will visit the United States during October and November to participate in a field seminar on library reference services sponsored by the ALA In- ternational Relations Office and a joint com- mittee from the International Relations Committee and the Reference Services Di- vision. T h e trip will be supported by funds from the Rockefeller Foundation. T h e Japanese librarians will visit New York, Washington, D.C., Chicago, San Fran- cisco, Los Angeles, and other library centers, and will observe libraries in each area. They will report and discuss their findings at two-day seminars which will be conducted by American librarians at each of the library centers. Particular attention will be given to American attitudes toward reference and ad- visory services, to the bibliographic resources used, to the type of librarian providing the services, and to the cooperative devices which link libraries in the interests of the individ- ual user. T h e seminar is designed to improve the range and quality of services in the libraries represented by these ten librarians. It is hoped that it will also stimulate detailed study and discussion in Japan of concrete steps that might be taken to improve refer- ence services in Japanese libraries generally. A V A R I E D C R O S S - S E C T I O N of college library architecture, both in the United States and abroad, is represented in a growing collec- tion of graphic materials assembled as a per- sonal project by Harold D. Jones, Brooklyn College Library. T h e collection includes about 400 2 x 2 color slides, 300 8 x 10 black-and-white prints, floor plans, descrip- tive articles, and preliminary instructions to architects. It is available for loan on a fee basis. Full information may be obtained from Mr. Jones, Brooklyn College Library, Bedford Avenue and Avenue H, Brooklyn 10, N.Y. A Sight to Open Khrushchev s Eyes ON THE CAMPUS—In o r d e r to get t h e r e a l feel of A m e r i c a , you have to see it n o t o n l y w o r k i n g a n d p l a y i n g b u t studying. I wish P r i m e M i n i s t e r K h r u s h c h e v c o u l d spend a day o r two o n the c a m p u s of o n e of o u r large a n d still g r o w i n g state uni- versities. H e has p u b l i c l y a d m i t t e d r e c e n t l y t h a t t h e r e is n o r o o m in Soviet h i g h e r e d u c a t i o n f o r a great p r o p o r t i o n of the boys a n d girls w h o g r a d u a t e f r o m h i g h school. I t h i n k it w o u l d do h i m good t o see in a c t i o n the A m e r i c a n p h i l o s o p h y t h a t every boy a n d girl s h o u l d have access to a h i g h e r e d u c a t i o n if they w a n t it a n d are c a p a b l e of a s s i m i l a t i n g it. H e s h o u l d take a t o u r of t h e university l i b r a r y , too, a n d see A m e r i c a n students at work s t u d y i n g M a r x a n d E n g e l s as well as A d a m S m i t h , a n d classes in t h e R u s s i a n l a n g u a g e as well as o t h e r s . — A d l a i E. Stevenson, "Tour for Khrushchev—The Real America," N e w Y o r k T i m e s M a g a z i n e , July 5, 1959, p. 7. ( M r . Stevenson i n c l u d e d " O n the C a m p u s " as o n e of " e i g h t sights t h a t m i g h t o p e n [ K h r u s h c h e v ' s ] eyes a b o u t A m e r i c a . " ) ,392 COLLEGE AND RESEARCH LIBRARIES Personnel At the end of this summer the University of California at Berkeley loses M E L V I N J . V O I G T , assistant librarian, to Kansas State University, where he will become director of the university li- brary and professor of library service. A native of Cali- fornia, Mr. Voigt has lived a good deal in the Middle West where he acquired a taste for the climate peculiar to that re- gion. H e graduated with an A . B . degree in mathematics from Bluffton College, Ohio, in 1933, received an A . B . in library science from the University of Michigan in 1936 and a M.A. in 1938. H e returned to Michigan in the summer of 1951 as a visiting professor of library sci- ence. B e f o r e coming to Berkeley in 1952 M r . Voigt had been librarian and professor of library science at Carnegie Institute of T e c h n o l o g y from 1946, and director of the library and publications research for Gen- eral Mills from 1942 to 1946. At Berkeley Mr. Voigt was in charge of personnel and budget, but these duties formed only a part of his responsibility. H e shared in many decisions affecting all areas of the library's management; his responsibil- ity in the area of library service on the campus was in the field of science and technology and in this capacity he was super- visor of seven branch libraries in engineer- ing and the physicial sciences. I n his spare time he made his wide experience with scientific and technological library materials available to the School of Librarianship, where, as a part-time lecturer, he developed and taught courses on the bibliography and literature of science and technology and on documentation. I t was this long-time inter- est that led to his a p p o i n t m e n t to a Ful- bright research grant for 1 9 5 8 / 5 9 for a study evaluating scientific and technical abstract- ing and indexing services, which he car- ried out in Denmark with headquarters at the University of Copenhagen. Scientific ab- stracting and indexing services are produced in all the larger countries of the world and it was Mr. Voigt's belief that an unbiased comparative study of the value of these services to scientists is possible only in a country which itself does not publish such services and where the common language is not that of any of the services under evaluation. T h u s , one of the Scandinavian countries was a logical choice for the seat of this research, which covered a large n u m b e r of libraries, universities, and re- search organizations. I t is clear that Kansas State University, with its emphasis on science, will offer a broad challenge to M r . Voigt's wide experi- ence and deep interests in the literature of the sciences.—Donald Coney. T Y R U S G E O R G E H A R M S E N , who became li- brarian of Occidental College, L o s Angeles, on August 1, is a native of southern Califor- nia. H e took his bac- calaureate degree at Stanford University in history followed by the master's in history. I n 1948 Mr. Harmsen r e c e i v e d the bachelor's degree in library science f r o m the Univer- sity of M i c h i g a n . Mr. Harmsen served in France and Ger- many during W o r l d W a r I I . After summer work at the H u n t i n g t o n Library, Mr. Harmsen j o i n e d the staff of the manuscripts department as assistant cataloger in 1948. O n his resignation eleven years later he was assistant curator designate of that department. During the summer of 1958 he gave a graduate course in the his- tory of books and printing at the Univer- sity of Southern California. H e has been active in the California Library Association and the R a r e Books Section of A C R L . Melvin J. Voigt Tyrus G. Harmsen SEPTEMBER 1959 528 Mr. Harmsen's extracurricular interests in- clude membership in the Zamorano Club, the Rounce and Coffin Club, and the Book Club of California. F o r a number of years he has edited the Zamorano Club's quarterly, Hoja Volante.—John E. Pomfret. W i t h inestimable gentlemanliness J A C K D A L T O N moves with quiet efficiency to per- form wonders of librarianship. Librarians all over the world, neo- phyte students and h o n o r e d s c h o l a r s alike, regard him as their personal friend. T h a t he is indeed, for J a c k has carried to his world-girdling assignment as head of ALA's Interna- tional Relations Of- fice the same energy a n d s p i r i t w h i c h marked his service as librarian at the Uni- versity of Virginia. He is as effective on the campus of the University of the Ryukyus or in the sessions of an international congress as he once was in the halls and stacks of the University's Alderman Library. A few years ago I had the enviable ex- perience of working one winter in the Alder- man Library as a guest of the University. I t was then I learned at first hand how thoroughly Jack Dalton fulfills the ideal for a library administrator; he seemed to know about everything in his domain, and to in- terfere with nothing. His associates (sub- ordinates would be the wrong word) ran the library, for the Alderman has an immensely efficient staff; but the impress of his personal- ity was on every department. It was (and is) a delightful, comfortable, friendly library in which to work, whether as a staff member or a reader. In the last two years the library world has learned generally what Virginia knew spe- cifically. As his friend Linton Massey, long president of the distinguished Bibliograph- ical Society of the University of Virginia, writes of him: " H e r e personified in one cor- porality is the omniverous reader, the com- petent teacher, and the professional librarian standing always ready, and as best he may, to extend learning and culture through the medium of the printed word." In his work for ALA J a c k has taken the problems of li- brarianship anywere, the problems of li- brarians everywhere to be his problem. If he has not posed an answer to every problem (and that would be impossible), he has given each of them understanding. In his work in India, J a p a n , Turkey, Egypt, in Latin Amer- ica, and in Europe he has increased the sta- ture of American librarianship and, there- fore, of America. His informal reports have been characterized by straightforward report- ing, penetrating perceptiveness, and encom- passing comprehension. J a c k began his undergraduate college work at Virginia Polytechnic Institute, but both his B.S. and M.S. degrees were received from the University of Virginia. His first library work was as a student assistant at Charlottes- ville, as one of a triumvirate whose other members were Randolph Church, now State Librarian of Virginia, and J o h n Cook Wyl- lie, now librarian of the University. Jack taught English at V.P.I, from 1930 to 1934. After a year of graduate study in Charlottes- ville he received a special grant from the General Education Board to study librarian- ship at the University of Michigan. He re- turned to Charlottesville to join the staff of the Alderman Library in 1936. In 1942 he became associate librarian and, after a sea- son of independent study under a second grant from the G.E.B., he succeeded the courtly and distinguished Harry d e m o n s as librarian in 1950. " I t is doubtful," states Mr. d e m o n s in writing of Jack in The Univer- sity of Virginia Library, 1825-1950 (Char- lottesville: 1954), " i f many University Li- brarians on their first assumption of that post have been equally well equipped—or have been as capable of profiting by that equipment." J a c k was called from his campus in 1956 to undertake a new and important job for ALA in the area of international librarianship. T o that j o b he brought the same quality of equipment and the same ability to profit. T o his deanship at Columbia (which he will as- sume next month) he takes the same assets, now enhanced by broader experience. Co- lumbia's School of Library Service and the whole world of librarianship will thereby profit.—Richard Harwell. Jack Dalton ,394 COLLEGE AND RESEARCH LIBRARIES J A M E S E . S K I P P E R assumed his duties as director of libraries at the University of Connecticut at Storrs on August 15. His formal train- ing includes the A.B. from North Caro- lina, the A . B . L . S . and A.M.L.S. from Michigan, and he is expecting to receive the Ph.D. from the latter institution in 1960. His disserta- tion topic is a history of the Ohio State University libraries. His first profes- sional e x p e r i e n c e was gained at Washington and Jefferson Col- lege where he was assistant librarian. His next position was that of assistant acquisition librarian and later acquisition librarian and assistant professor of library administration at the Ohio State University. In the latter position he continued the reorganization of the department begun by his predecessor and participated in the discussion and decision which led to the establishment of a central serial record. T h e establishment of this bibliographic tool represented a tremendous forward step at Ohio State in combining in one easily accessible record all of the per- tinent information respecting serials, and much of the credit for pushing the project in the early stages belongs to Skipper. Be- yond this he was a very active contributor of ideas not only in the area of acquisition and technical processing, but also in the area of general administration at Ohio State. His next title was Assistant Librarian for Technical Services at Michigan State Univer- sity where he was brought in at a time when it was felt that technical processes at that institution were in particular need of mech- anization. Within a short time, largely upon his recommendation, Xerox, Multilith, and Photoclerk equipment was introduced to provide for the reproduction of catalog cards, order cards, bibliographies, and vari- ous similar materials. Also while at Michigan State he provided much of the leadership in establishing a ten- year project to reclassify the collections under the Library of Congress classification scheme. T h e project is now so well under way that it looks as though the time goal may be realized. In connection with his doctoral program at Ann Arbor, Skipper was appointed in- structor for a brief period in the department of library science. He has served as president of the Franklin County (Ohio) Library As- sociation, president of the College Section of the Michigan Library Association, chair- man of the Copying Methods Section of R T S D , chairman of the Subcommittee on Micropublishing Projects of the Resources Committee of R T S D , and has been active in A C R L . His honors include membership in Phi Eta Sigma; the Michigan Academy of Arts, Letters and Science; and Carnegie Fellow, Rutgers Seminar on Advanced Library Ad- ministration. Mr. Skipper takes to his new post at Storrs an intelligent grasp of university library ad- ministration coupled with aggressive, vigor- ous qualities of leadership. He should be particularly effective in strengthening the resources at Connecticut both for instruc- tional use by undergraduates and for re- search purposes by graduate students and faculty.—Lewis C. Branscomb. J A M E S C. Cox has been appointed director of libraries at Loyola University, Chica- go. Formerly associate librarian, Mr. Cox succeeds the Rev. A. Homer Matlin, S.J., who has been appointed director of libraries for the Uni- versity of Detroit. As director of li- braries, Mr. Cox is responsible for Loy- ola's four libraries, located at its Lake Shore campus, its downtown center in Lewis Towers, and its medical and den- tal schools in the Chicago Medical Center. Associate librarian since August 1958, Mr. Cox joined the University in 1952 as a graduate assistant in the English depart- ment. In 1953 he was appointed to the li- brary staff of the downtown campus. He was James E. Skipper James C. Cox SEPTEMBER 1959 395 appointed to the library staff at the Lake Shore campus in August 1956. A graduate of Loyola, Mr. Cox received his bachelor's degree in English in 1950 and holds a mas- ter's degree in library science from Rosary College, River Forest, 111. J A Y E L W O O D D A I L Y has been named li- brary adviser to the Mandalay Library Proj- ect, a project for the development of the li- brary of the University of Mandalay, Burma, which is being sponsored jointly by the Uni- versity and ALA with financial support from the Ford Foundation. Mr. Daily takes to his new post a back- ground of particularly appropriate experi- ence. He is, moreover, no stranger to the Far East, having spent nearly three years in Korea, first as a civilian psychiatric social worker attached to the U.S. W a r Depart- ment, later as an administrative officer in the employ of the Methodist Service Committee, and, most recently, two years in Burma where, with Ford Foundation support, he organized the library of the Institute of Public Administration and Management in Rangoon and served in other advisory and administrative capacities. Not all of Mr. Daily's work as administra- tor and library organizer has, however, been as an expatriate. At home he has organized the libraries of the Council for Financial Aid to Education and the National Confer- ence of Christians and Jews and for almost two years served as head librarian of Wagner College, Staten Island, N.Y. Mr. Daily was born in Pikeville, Colo., in 1923. After wartime service with the U.S. Army he attended New York University and received the B.A. degree in 1951. In the fol- lowing year he was awarded the master's degree and in 1957 the doctorate by the Columbia University School of Library Serv- ice. R E V . B R E N D A N C. C O N N O L L Y , S.J., has been named director of libraries at Boston Col- lege. Father Connolly goes to his new assign- ment from Weston College where he has been librarian and teacher of philosophy and theology since 1951. At Boston College Father Connolly will direct the University Library and the special law, nursing, busi- ness, social work, and science libraries. Father Connolly has taught library science at Catholic University and has served as consultant in library planning for Jesuit libraries in Iraq, Venezuela, and the Philip- pines. He is a contributor to library and other periodicals and is a member of ALA, Catholic Library Association, and the Mod- ern Language Association. Father Connolly holds a doctorate in li- brarianship from the University of Chicago. He has also earned academic degrees at Bos- ton College and Catholic University. Appointments P A G E A C K E R M A N is ranking assistant li- brarian of the University of California at Los Angeles. M A R T H A J . B A I L E Y , formerly assistant li- brarian of the Linde Company, Division of Union Carbide Corporation, Speedway Lab- oratories, Indianapolis, is librarian. R O B E R T W . B A U M G A R T N E R is documents assistant librarian at Northwestern Univer- sity. C H A R L E S B E Y M E R has been appointed sen- ior cataloger at the Cornell University Li- brary. M O L L Y C A R R is senior cataloger at How- ard College Library, Birmingham, Ala. J O A N N E D A N D O I S , formerly senior biology librarian of the Biological Sciences Library, Stanford University, is head of that library. R A N D A L L A. D E T R O is librarian of Nicholls State College, T h i b o d a u x , La. P A U L S. D U N K I N has been appointed to the faculty of Rutgers University as profes- sor of library service. E U G E N E B . E I S E N L O H R , formerly reference librarian at the Newark (N.J.) Public Li- brary, is reference librarian at T r i n i t y Col- lege, Hartford, Conn. C L A I R E J. E S C H E L B A C H , formerly cataloger, University of California at Santa Barbara Library, is head of the catalog department and in charge of special collections. J E A N N E G E L I N A S has joined the staff of the ,396 COLLEGE AND RESEARCH LIBRARIES readers service division, Marquette Univer- sity Library. M R S . A L I C E G . G R I F F I T Y is director of the library of the Mohawk Valley Technical In- stitute, Utica, N. Y. R O B E R T J . H A E R T L E has joined the staff of Marquette University Library. B R A D F O R D H A R R I S O N I I I , is assistant refer- ence librarian and assistant curator of special collections at Dickinson College, Carlisle, Pa. C L Y D E L. H A S E L D E N , formerly librarian at Baldwin-Wallace College, Berea, Ohio, is li- brarian of Lafayette College, Easton, Pa. J O H N D O U G L A S H O A G has been appointed librarian of the Art Library and research as- sociate of Yale University. S H I R E L E Y H O P K I N S O N became assistant pro- fessor of librarianship, San Jose State Col- lege, Calif., on September 1. A N D R E W H . H O R N has returned to UCLA, where he was a member of the library staff from 1948 to 1954, as the first officer of the new School of Library Service at U C L A . His title is Lecturer in Library Service, and he will be responsible for setting up curricu- lum and procedures in preparation for the school's opening in September 1960. E M E R S O N J A C O B , formerly acquisitions li- brarian, Michigan State University, is li- brarian of Baldwin-Wallace College, Berea, Ohio. L E S L I E H . J A N K E , formerly assistant pro- fessor in the department of librarianship, San Jose State College, Calif., is head of the department of librarianship. H A Z E L M A R I E J O H N S O N is reference librar- ian at the University of Pittsburgh. J U N E K O S T Y K , formerly a reference librar- ian at the University of Florida, is on the staff of the Engineering Library, University of California at Los Angeles. G E O R G E H I L L M A T H E W S O N L A W R E N C E , d i - rector, Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium, Cor- nell University, has been appointed director, Rachel McMasters Miller Hunt Botanical Li- brary, Carnegie Institute of Technology. Dr. Lawrence's appointment will become effec- tive in the fall of 1960 when the library is expected to be completed. D A V I D A. L O C H E R is assistant librarian of the California Academy of Sciences Library in Golden Gate Park, San Francisco. G E R A L D B . M C C A B E became acquisitions librarian at the University of South Florida Library, T a m p a , on July 1. K A T H L E E N P. M C K I B B I N is in the reference- circulation division of the Biomedical Li- brary, University of California at Los Angeles. F L O R E N C E M . M A R T I N E A U is science assist- ant at Northwestern University Library. R E V . P A T R I C K J . M U L L I N S , C . M . , formerly director of libraries at Kenrick Seminary, St. Louis, is campus librarian at DePaul Uni- versity, Chicago. I R E N E N O R E L L , a member of the librarian- ship faculty, Northern Illinois University, became assistant professor of librarianship, San Jose State College, Calif., on September 1. B E V E R L Y P F E I F E R has joined the staff of Marquette University Library. P H Y L L I S A. R E I N H A R D T , formerly librarian of the Art Library, Yale University, is art librarian at Smith College, Northampton, Mass. H A R O L D B. S C H E L L has been appointed ad- ministrative assistant to the director, Cornell University Libraries. J A C K E. S C H U L T Z is assistant librarian in charge of reference services, Beloit College Libraries, Beloit, Wis. R I C H A R D S H O E M A K E R has been appointed to the faculty of Rutgers University as pro- fessor of library service. S T E W A R T S M I T H has accepted the position of librarian at the Florida Presbyterian Col- lege, St. Petersburg. B A R B A R A M I L L E R S O L O M O N , formerly as- sociate professor of history at Wheelock Col- lege, became director of women's archives at Radcliffe College on J u l y 1. R A L P H H. S T E N T R O M is assistant librarian in charge of circulation, Beloit College Li- braries, Beloit, Wis. G O R D O N S T O N E is music librarian, Univer- sity of California at Los Angeles. D O U G L A S H. S W A R T O U T is assistant librar- ian and assistant professor at the Michigan College of Mining and Technology, Hough- ton. M A R Y B A R B A R A V I C K is serials librarian at Northwestern State College of Louisiana, Natchitoches. B E S S P A T E R S O N W A L F O R D is technical li- brarian in the research and development de- SEPTEMBER 1959 397 partment of Philip Morris Inc., Richmond, Va. N E V A W H I T E has been granted a two-year leave of absence from Marquette University Library to take up a position as library ad- visor to the International Cooperation Ad- ministration program at Kabul University, Afghanistan. Retirements M R S . L O U I S E V I C K E R S H O R O B I N retired as head cataloger of the U.S. Military Academy Library, West Point, N.Y., after thirty years of service there. Mrs. Horobin was on the staff of the New York Public Library from 1918-19, worked for Columbia University 1920-28, and joined the West Point Library staff in 1928. M I L D R E D S I N G L E T O N , has retired as head li- brarian, Hope College, Holland, Mich. D O R A S M I T H , head of the department of li- brarianship, San Jose State College, Calif., retired J u l y 1, after twenty-nine years of service at the college. J A N E D . S P O O R E , librarian, School of Ar- chitecture, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, N.Y., retired from active duty J u n e 30, terminating thirty years of fruitful serv- ice with the Institute. She properly regarded her position as that of teacher and librarian, regularly meeting with classes to orient students in attacking new projects and class assignments. J E A N N E T T E V A N D E R P L O E G , associate profes- sor of librarianship at San Jose State College, Calif., retired on J u l y 1, after thirty years of service. Necrology D O R O T H Y E. C O O K , editor of the Standard Catalog series of publications, died March 26. Miss Cook had served as a cataloger at the University of Illinois and as head cataloger, East Cleveland Public Library. M A X I N E G R U B B , serials reviser in the Uni- versity of Illinois Library, died on May 28 at the age of forty-one. Foreign Libraries B R U N O C L A U S S E N , former director of the University of Rostock Library, East Ger- many, died on Sept. 25, 1958, at the age of 79. He was associated with the library from 1912 to 1949. A D A G R E E N is university librarian at the Memorial University of Newfoundland, Can- ada. T O K U J I R O K A N A M O R I , who was chief li- brarian of the National Diet Library of Ja- pan until his retirement in May 1959, died on J u n e 16, at the age of seventy-three. S H I R O O K A B E , formerly director of the Ad- ministrative Management Bureau, Adminis- trative Management Agency, Tokyo, J a p a n , is assistant chief librarian of the National Diet Library in Tokyo. R A F A E L DI P R I S C O has been designated di- rector of the central library of the Univer- sity of Venezuela. D O N A L D A. R E D M O N D is on leave from his position as the librarian, Nova Scotia Tech- nical College, to serve as advisor to the li- brary of the Middle East Technical Univer- sity, Ankara, Turkey. J A N O Y V I N D S W A H N is assistant librarian of Lund University Library, Stockholm, Swe- den. ,398 COLLEGE AND RESEARCH LIBRARIES Status of College and University Librarians T h e University Libraries Section of A C R L , recognizing the mutual interests of faculty members and librarians in the dissemination of knowledge and the advancement of learn- ing, knowing that the work of professional librarians is essentially educational in char- acter, and convinced that the institution benefits substantially when library activities are integrated with teaching and research plans, strongly recommends that professional librarians be granted academic status, with corresponding faculty privileges. Status already granted. Over half of the colleges and universities in the country have already recognized the propriety and value of academic status for their professional li- brary staffs by granting academic recognition to professional librarians. Sometimes full faculty status is granted, with academic rank and titles; in other instances librarians are recognized formally as members of the acad- emic family with equivalent and correspond- ing ranks. Whether academic or full faculty status shall be granted is a matter of in- dividual determination by each institution. However, the essential educational nature of the librarian's duties has been recognized in- creasingly by administrators, faculties, pro- fessional societies, and accrediting agencies. For example, the society of college faculty members, the American Association of Uni- versity Professors, states that "librarians of professional status are engaged in teaching This report was prepared by the Commit- tee on Academic Status of ACRL's Univer- sity Libraries Section, adopted by the Section during the Washington Conference, and ap- proved for ALA by the ACRL Board of Directors in a post-Conference mail vote. Arthur M. McAnally, Director of Libraries and of the School of Library Science, Univer- sity of Oklahoma, is chairman of the com- mittee. Other members are Robert B. Downs, Dean of Library Administration, University of Illinois; William H. Jesse, Director of Li- braries, University of Tennessee; Archie L. McNeal, Director of Libraries, University of Miami; and Sidney B. Smith, Director of Li- braries, Louisiana State University. and research,"1 and are eligible for member- ship provided their own institution consents. Some accrediting agencies have stipulated faculty rank for professional library staff. Reasons that academic status should be granted. Academic recognition for profes- sional librarians seems quite logical for edu- cational reasons. Recent developments in higher education and in librarianship make this recognition desirable and feasible. 1. Demands upon academic libraries have increased greatly during recent years. T h e ever-quickening tempo of research, with a corresponding upward spiral in rates of publication throughout the world, make ef- fective library service even more important to the maintenance of a high quality of instruction and research. Similarly, the pro- liferation of subjects, ever-increasing special- ization, and the need to handle a variety of foreign languages also raise the level of ability that is required to cope with this great flood of information. 2. Curricular and educational require- ments have caused academic libraries to be- come more responsive. One concrete evi- dence of this growing responsiveness is the reorganization of many libraries along sub- ject lines since 1938. Other libraries have been reoriented towards student interests by establishing undergraduate or lower di- vision libraries. A great many libraries, recognizing accessibility as a factor in use, have provided educational stimuli by put- ting more books on open shelves. T h i s re- orientation has made the library more flexible and more usable as a teaching instrument; consequently, librarians have undertaken increased teaching, counseling, and research activities. These trends also have placed greater emphasis upon com- petence in subject areas as well as in the professional aspects of library work. 3. T h e educational scope of institutions has been broadened through increased offer- ing of public education, institutes, short courses, exhibits, museums, and publication 1 Cited in R . B . Downs, " T h e Current S t a t u s o f U n i v e r s i t y L i b r a r y S t a f f s , " in R. B . D o w n s , ed., The Status of College University Librarians ( C h i c a g o : A L A , 1 9 5 8 ) , p. 25. SEPTEMBER 1959 399 programs. Institutions also have achieved wider audiences for public service through the medium of television. All of these in- crease the demands for effective library service. 4. T h e educational qualifications of li- brarians have been improved, and there has been an improvement in the personality and understanding of people recruited to the li- brary profession. T h e first professional de- gree is now at the master's level, due to im- provements in library education since 1948. 5. Advances in research, professional writ- ing, and progress in the field also are doing much to establish librarianship as a mature profession. 6. Institutions are demanding librarians of high calibre to meet the growing demands. T o attract the most capable personnel, sat- isfactory status is necessary, for librarians are becoming aware of the importance of status. Librarians now have a choice of positions due to a shortage of librarians that has existed since World W a r I I . It is safe to say that any institution not granting academic status to its professional librarians will find it increasingly difficult to recruit a high type of library personnel. 7. Finally, librarians need the protection of academic freedom to build broad and varied collections unrestricted by prejudice, bigotry, or special pressures. Definition. Academic status for profes- sional librarians may be defined as the formal recognition, in writing, by an insti- tution's authorities, of librarians as members of the instructional and research staff. T h e recognition may take the form of assigned faculty ranks and titles, or equivalent ranks and titles, according to institutional custom. Obligations of academic status. Status car- ries with it certain definite responsibilities for the individual. T h e s e correspond to the librarian's obligations to his profession, to support it and contribute to its advance- ment. T h e first requirement is for intellec- tual activity, including a keen interest in the intellectual life of the campus. T h e librarian must accept responsibility for independent learning and continual intellectual growth. Next, the librarian must accept responsibil- ity for educational statesmanship; his activ- ity touches upon all areas of academic life. Status also calls for the highest level of pro- fessionalism in performance of his duties. T h e librarian must be a creative member of the academic community. He performs an educational function and should be inter- ested in research and publication to advance the frontiers of his profession, or in admin- istrative studies which make a contribution to this advancement. He should be inter- ested in professional organizations, and has an obligation for faithful service to his in- stitution. T h e director of a library has the respon- sibility of furthering the professional ad- vancement of the staff. He must facilitate their professional advancement, encourage educational progress, formal or informal, in professional and in other subject areas; pro- vide for a careful separation of professional and non-professional activities, to the end that professional librarians are enabled to use their abilities to the fullest; scrupulously adhere to the highest standards in appoint- ments and promotions; recognize that pro- motion in rank does not necessarily require the performance of administrative duties; and through democracy in administration utilize the abilities of the professional staff in the management of the library. Only a portion of the work that must be performed in a library requires professional training and ability. Routine and non-pro- fessional tasks are performed by clerical and sub-professional staff. It must be understood clearly that academic status is recommended only for professional librarians, who need and are entitled to it. Privileges of academic status. Along with the contributions which library staff mem- bers make because of academic status there are certain privileges which they in turn may expect. T h e s e relate to tenure, academic freedom, sabbatical leaves, equitable salaries, holidays, insurance, and retirement. A C R L urges all academic institutions to recognize the similarity of education, train- ing, and goals of faculty members and li- brarians, and to formalize that similarity so that the cause of education can be benefi- cially and creatively improved by bringing into close harmony the requirements and obligations, as well as the privileges, which faculty and library staff should share in the great work of improving American educa- tion. ,400 COLLEGE AND RESEARCH LIBRARIES