id sid tid token lemma pos ital-2309 1 1 social social ADJ ital-2309 1 2 contexts context NOUN ital-2309 1 3 of of ADP ital-2309 1 4 new new ADJ ital-2309 1 5 media medium NOUN ital-2309 1 6 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 1 7 : : PUNCT ital-2309 1 8 mapping mapping NOUN ital-2309 1 9 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 1 10 elizabeth elizabeth PROPN ital-2309 1 11 thorne thorne PROPN ital-2309 1 12 - - PUNCT ital-2309 1 13 wallington wallington PROPN ital-2309 1 14 information information NOUN ital-2309 1 15 technology technology PROPN ital-2309 1 16 and and CCONJ ital-2309 1 17 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 1 18 | | NOUN ital-2309 1 19 december december PROPN ital-2309 1 20 2013 2013 NUM ital-2309 1 21 53 53 NUM ital-2309 1 22 abstract abstract ADJ ital-2309 1 23 this this DET ital-2309 1 24 paper paper NOUN ital-2309 1 25 examines examine VERB ital-2309 1 26 the the DET ital-2309 1 27 issue issue NOUN ital-2309 1 28 of of ADP ital-2309 1 29 universal universal ADJ ital-2309 1 30 library library NOUN ital-2309 1 31 access access NOUN ital-2309 1 32 by by ADP ital-2309 1 33 conducting conduct VERB ital-2309 1 34 a a DET ital-2309 1 35 geospatial geospatial ADJ ital-2309 1 36 analysis analysis NOUN ital-2309 1 37 of of ADP ital-2309 1 38 library library NOUN ital-2309 1 39 location location NOUN ital-2309 1 40 and and CCONJ ital-2309 1 41 certain certain ADJ ital-2309 1 42 socioeconomic socioeconomic ADJ ital-2309 1 43 factors factor NOUN ital-2309 1 44 in in ADP ital-2309 1 45 the the DET ital-2309 1 46 st st PROPN ital-2309 1 47 . . PROPN ital-2309 1 48 louis louis PROPN ital-2309 1 49 , , PUNCT ital-2309 1 50 missouri missouri PROPN ital-2309 1 51 , , PUNCT ital-2309 1 52 metropolitan metropolitan ADJ ital-2309 1 53 area area NOUN ital-2309 1 54 . . PUNCT ital-2309 2 1 framed frame VERB ital-2309 2 2 around around ADP ital-2309 2 3 the the DET ital-2309 2 4 issue issue NOUN ital-2309 2 5 of of ADP ital-2309 2 6 universal universal ADJ ital-2309 2 7 access access NOUN ital-2309 2 8 to to ADP ital-2309 2 9 internet internet NOUN ital-2309 2 10 , , PUNCT ital-2309 2 11 computers computer NOUN ital-2309 2 12 , , PUNCT ital-2309 2 13 and and CCONJ ital-2309 2 14 technology technology NOUN ital-2309 2 15 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 2 16 ict ict PROPN ital-2309 2 17 ) ) PUNCT ital-2309 2 18 for for ADP ital-2309 2 19 digital digital ADJ ital-2309 2 20 natives native NOUN ital-2309 2 21 , , PUNCT ital-2309 2 22 this this DET ital-2309 2 23 paper paper NOUN ital-2309 2 24 demonstrates demonstrate VERB ital-2309 2 25 patterns pattern NOUN ital-2309 2 26 of of ADP ital-2309 2 27 library library NOUN ital-2309 2 28 location location NOUN ital-2309 2 29 related relate VERB ital-2309 2 30 to to ADP ital-2309 2 31 race race NOUN ital-2309 2 32 and and CCONJ ital-2309 2 33 income income NOUN ital-2309 2 34 . . PUNCT ital-2309 3 1 this this DET ital-2309 3 2 research research NOUN ital-2309 3 3 then then ADV ital-2309 3 4 raises raise VERB ital-2309 3 5 important important ADJ ital-2309 3 6 questions question NOUN ital-2309 3 7 about about ADP ital-2309 3 8 library library NOUN ital-2309 3 9 location location NOUN ital-2309 3 10 , , PUNCT ital-2309 3 11 and and CCONJ ital-2309 3 12 , , PUNCT ital-2309 3 13 in in ADP ital-2309 3 14 turn turn NOUN ital-2309 3 15 , , PUNCT ital-2309 3 16 how how SCONJ ital-2309 3 17 this this PRON ital-2309 3 18 impacts impact VERB ital-2309 3 19 access access NOUN ital-2309 3 20 to to ADP ital-2309 3 21 ict ict PROPN ital-2309 3 22 for for ADP ital-2309 3 23 young young ADJ ital-2309 3 24 people people NOUN ital-2309 3 25 in in ADP ital-2309 3 26 the the DET ital-2309 3 27 community community NOUN ital-2309 3 28 . . PUNCT ital-2309 4 1 objectives objective NOUN ital-2309 4 2 and and CCONJ ital-2309 4 3 purpose purpose NOUN ital-2309 4 4 the the DET ital-2309 4 5 development development NOUN ital-2309 4 6 and and CCONJ ital-2309 4 7 diffusion diffusion NOUN ital-2309 4 8 of of ADP ital-2309 4 9 new new ADJ ital-2309 4 10 media medium NOUN ital-2309 4 11 and and CCONJ ital-2309 4 12 digital digital ADJ ital-2309 4 13 technologies technology NOUN ital-2309 4 14 has have AUX ital-2309 4 15 profoundly profoundly ADV ital-2309 4 16 affected affect VERB ital-2309 4 17 the the DET ital-2309 4 18 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 4 19 experiences experience NOUN ital-2309 4 20 of of ADP ital-2309 4 21 today today NOUN ital-2309 4 22 ’s ’s PART ital-2309 4 23 youth.1 youth.1 PROPN ital-2309 4 24 young young ADJ ital-2309 4 25 people people NOUN ital-2309 4 26 today today NOUN ital-2309 4 27 develop develop VERB ital-2309 4 28 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 4 29 through through ADP ital-2309 4 30 a a DET ital-2309 4 31 variety variety NOUN ital-2309 4 32 of of ADP ital-2309 4 33 new new ADJ ital-2309 4 34 media medium NOUN ital-2309 4 35 and and CCONJ ital-2309 4 36 digital digital PROPN ital-2309 4 37 technologies.2 technologies.2 X ital-2309 4 38 the the DET ital-2309 4 39 dissemination dissemination NOUN ital-2309 4 40 of of ADP ital-2309 4 41 these these DET ital-2309 4 42 resources resource NOUN ital-2309 4 43 has have AUX ital-2309 4 44 also also ADV ital-2309 4 45 allowed allow VERB ital-2309 4 46 for for SCONJ ital-2309 4 47 youth youth NOUN ital-2309 4 48 to to PART ital-2309 4 49 have have VERB ital-2309 4 50 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 4 51 - - PUNCT ital-2309 4 52 rich rich ADJ ital-2309 4 53 experiences experience NOUN ital-2309 4 54 in in ADP ital-2309 4 55 an an DET ital-2309 4 56 array array NOUN ital-2309 4 57 of of ADP ital-2309 4 58 different different ADJ ital-2309 4 59 settings setting NOUN ital-2309 4 60 . . PUNCT ital-2309 5 1 ernest ernest PROPN ital-2309 5 2 morrell morrell PROPN ital-2309 5 3 , , PUNCT ital-2309 5 4 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 5 5 researcher researcher NOUN ital-2309 5 6 , , PUNCT ital-2309 5 7 writes write VERB ital-2309 5 8 , , PUNCT ital-2309 5 9 as as SCONJ ital-2309 5 10 english english PROPN ital-2309 5 11 educators educator NOUN ital-2309 5 12 , , PUNCT ital-2309 5 13 we we PRON ital-2309 5 14 have have VERB ital-2309 5 15 a a DET ital-2309 5 16 major major ADJ ital-2309 5 17 responsibility responsibility NOUN ital-2309 5 18 to to PART ital-2309 5 19 help help VERB ital-2309 5 20 future future ADJ ital-2309 5 21 english english PROPN ital-2309 5 22 teachers teacher NOUN ital-2309 5 23 to to PART ital-2309 5 24 redefine redefine VERB ital-2309 5 25 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 5 26 instruction instruction NOUN ital-2309 5 27 in in ADP ital-2309 5 28 a a DET ital-2309 5 29 manner manner NOUN ital-2309 5 30 that that PRON ital-2309 5 31 is be AUX ital-2309 5 32 culturally culturally ADV ital-2309 5 33 and and CCONJ ital-2309 5 34 socially socially ADV ital-2309 5 35 relevant relevant ADJ ital-2309 5 36 , , PUNCT ital-2309 5 37 empowering empower VERB ital-2309 5 38 , , PUNCT ital-2309 5 39 and and CCONJ ital-2309 5 40 meaningful meaningful ADJ ital-2309 5 41 to to ADP ital-2309 5 42 students student NOUN ital-2309 5 43 who who PRON ital-2309 5 44 must must AUX ital-2309 5 45 navigate navigate VERB ital-2309 5 46 a a DET ital-2309 5 47 diverse diverse ADJ ital-2309 5 48 and and CCONJ ital-2309 5 49 rapidly rapidly ADV ital-2309 5 50 changing change VERB ital-2309 5 51 world.3 world.3 NOUN ital-2309 5 52 this this DET ital-2309 5 53 paper paper NOUN ital-2309 5 54 will will AUX ital-2309 5 55 explore explore VERB ital-2309 5 56 how how SCONJ ital-2309 5 57 mapping mapping NOUN ital-2309 5 58 and and CCONJ ital-2309 5 59 geographic geographic ADJ ital-2309 5 60 information information NOUN ital-2309 5 61 systems system NOUN ital-2309 5 62 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 5 63 gis gis PROPN ital-2309 5 64 ) ) PUNCT ital-2309 5 65 can can AUX ital-2309 5 66 help help VERB ital-2309 5 67 illuminate illuminate VERB ital-2309 5 68 the the DET ital-2309 5 69 cultural cultural ADJ ital-2309 5 70 and and CCONJ ital-2309 5 71 social social ADJ ital-2309 5 72 factors factor NOUN ital-2309 5 73 related relate VERB ital-2309 5 74 to to ADP ital-2309 5 75 how how SCONJ ital-2309 5 76 and and CCONJ ital-2309 5 77 where where SCONJ ital-2309 5 78 students student NOUN ital-2309 5 79 access access VERB ital-2309 5 80 and and CCONJ ital-2309 5 81 use use VERB ital-2309 5 82 new new ADJ ital-2309 5 83 media medium NOUN ital-2309 5 84 literacies literacy NOUN ital-2309 5 85 and and CCONJ ital-2309 5 86 digital digital ADJ ital-2309 5 87 technology technology NOUN ital-2309 5 88 . . PUNCT ital-2309 6 1 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 6 2 play play VERB ital-2309 6 3 an an DET ital-2309 6 4 important important ADJ ital-2309 6 5 role role NOUN ital-2309 6 6 in in ADP ital-2309 6 7 encouraging encourage VERB ital-2309 6 8 new new ADJ ital-2309 6 9 media medium NOUN ital-2309 6 10 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 6 11 development;4 development;4 VERB ital-2309 6 12 yet yet ADV ital-2309 6 13 access access NOUN ital-2309 6 14 to to ADP ital-2309 6 15 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 6 16 must must AUX ital-2309 6 17 be be AUX ital-2309 6 18 understood understand VERB ital-2309 6 19 through through ADP ital-2309 6 20 social social ADJ ital-2309 6 21 and and CCONJ ital-2309 6 22 cultural cultural ADJ ital-2309 6 23 contexts context NOUN ital-2309 6 24 . . PUNCT ital-2309 7 1 the the DET ital-2309 7 2 objective objective NOUN ital-2309 7 3 of of ADP ital-2309 7 4 this this DET ital-2309 7 5 paper paper NOUN ital-2309 7 6 is be AUX ital-2309 7 7 to to PART ital-2309 7 8 demonstrate demonstrate VERB ital-2309 7 9 how how SCONJ ital-2309 7 10 mapping mapping NOUN ital-2309 7 11 and and CCONJ ital-2309 7 12 gis gis PROPN ital-2309 7 13 can can AUX ital-2309 7 14 be be AUX ital-2309 7 15 used use VERB ital-2309 7 16 to to PART ital-2309 7 17 provide provide VERB ital-2309 7 18 rigorous rigorous ADJ ital-2309 7 19 analysis analysis NOUN ital-2309 7 20 of of ADP ital-2309 7 21 how how SCONJ ital-2309 7 22 library library ADJ ital-2309 7 23 location location NOUN ital-2309 7 24 in in ADP ital-2309 7 25 st st PROPN ital-2309 7 26 . . PROPN ital-2309 7 27 louis louis PROPN ital-2309 7 28 , , PUNCT ital-2309 7 29 missouri missouri PROPN ital-2309 7 30 , , PUNCT ital-2309 7 31 is be AUX ital-2309 7 32 correlated correlate VERB ital-2309 7 33 with with ADP ital-2309 7 34 socioeconomic socioeconomic ADJ ital-2309 7 35 factors factor NOUN ital-2309 7 36 defined define VERB ital-2309 7 37 by by ADP ital-2309 7 38 the the DET ital-2309 7 39 us us PROPN ital-2309 7 40 census census NOUN ital-2309 7 41 including include VERB ital-2309 7 42 median median ADJ ital-2309 7 43 household household NOUN ital-2309 7 44 income income NOUN ital-2309 7 45 and and CCONJ ital-2309 7 46 race race NOUN ital-2309 7 47 . . PUNCT ital-2309 8 1 by by ADP ital-2309 8 2 using use VERB ital-2309 8 3 gis gis PROPN ital-2309 8 4 , , PUNCT ital-2309 8 5 the the DET ital-2309 8 6 role role NOUN ital-2309 8 7 of of ADP ital-2309 8 8 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 8 9 in in ADP ital-2309 8 10 providing provide VERB ital-2309 8 11 universal universal ADJ ital-2309 8 12 access access NOUN ital-2309 8 13 to to ADP ital-2309 8 14 new new ADJ ital-2309 8 15 media medium NOUN ital-2309 8 16 resources resource NOUN ital-2309 8 17 can can AUX ital-2309 8 18 be be AUX ital-2309 8 19 displayed display VERB ital-2309 8 20 statistically statistically ADV ital-2309 8 21 , , PUNCT ital-2309 8 22 both both CCONJ ital-2309 8 23 challenging challenge VERB ital-2309 8 24 and and CCONJ ital-2309 8 25 confirming confirm VERB ital-2309 8 26 previously previously ADV ital-2309 8 27 held hold VERB ital-2309 8 28 beliefs belief NOUN ital-2309 8 29 about about ADP ital-2309 8 30 library library NOUN ital-2309 8 31 access access NOUN ital-2309 8 32 . . PUNCT ital-2309 9 1 this this DET ital-2309 9 2 analysis analysis NOUN ital-2309 9 3 raises raise VERB ital-2309 9 4 new new ADJ ital-2309 9 5 questions question NOUN ital-2309 9 6 about about ADP ital-2309 9 7 how how SCONJ ital-2309 9 8 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 9 9 are be AUX ital-2309 9 10 distributed distribute VERB ital-2309 9 11 across across ADP ital-2309 9 12 the the DET ital-2309 9 13 st st PROPN ital-2309 9 14 . . PROPN ital-2309 9 15 louis louis PROPN ital-2309 9 16 area area NOUN ital-2309 9 17 and and CCONJ ital-2309 9 18 whether whether SCONJ ital-2309 9 19 they they PRON ital-2309 9 20 truly truly ADV ital-2309 9 21 provide provide VERB ital-2309 9 22 universal universal ADJ ital-2309 9 23 and and CCONJ ital-2309 9 24 equal equal ADJ ital-2309 9 25 access access NOUN ital-2309 9 26 . . PUNCT ital-2309 10 1 elizabeth elizabeth PROPN ital-2309 10 2 thorne thorne PROPN ital-2309 10 3 - - PUNCT ital-2309 10 4 wallington wallington PROPN ital-2309 10 5 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 10 6 ethornew@wustl.edu ethornew@wustl.edu SPACE ital-2309 10 7 ) ) PUNCT ital-2309 10 8 is be AUX ital-2309 10 9 a a DET ital-2309 10 10 doctoral doctoral ADJ ital-2309 10 11 student student NOUN ital-2309 10 12 in in ADP ital-2309 10 13 the the DET ital-2309 10 14 department department NOUN ital-2309 10 15 of of ADP ital-2309 10 16 education education NOUN ital-2309 10 17 at at ADP ital-2309 10 18 washington washington PROPN ital-2309 10 19 university university PROPN ital-2309 10 20 in in ADP ital-2309 10 21 st st PROPN ital-2309 10 22 . . PROPN ital-2309 10 23 louis louis PROPN ital-2309 10 24 . . PUNCT ital-2309 11 1 mailto:ethornew@wustl.edu mailto:ethornew@wustl.edu PROPN ital-2309 11 2 information information NOUN ital-2309 11 3 technology technology PROPN ital-2309 11 4 and and CCONJ ital-2309 11 5 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 11 6 | | NOUN ital-2309 11 7 december december PROPN ital-2309 11 8 2013 2013 NUM ital-2309 11 9 54 54 NUM ital-2309 11 10 literature literature NOUN ital-2309 11 11 review review NOUN ital-2309 11 12 advances advance NOUN ital-2309 11 13 in in ADP ital-2309 11 14 technologies technology NOUN ital-2309 11 15 are be AUX ital-2309 11 16 transforming transform VERB ital-2309 11 17 the the DET ital-2309 11 18 very very ADJ ital-2309 11 19 meaning meaning NOUN ital-2309 11 20 of of ADP ital-2309 11 21 literacy.5 literacy.5 PROPN ital-2309 11 22 traditionally traditionally ADV ital-2309 11 23 , , PUNCT ital-2309 11 24 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 11 25 has have AUX ital-2309 11 26 been be AUX ital-2309 11 27 defined define VERB ital-2309 11 28 as as ADP ital-2309 11 29 the the DET ital-2309 11 30 ability ability NOUN ital-2309 11 31 to to PART ital-2309 11 32 understand understand VERB ital-2309 11 33 and and CCONJ ital-2309 11 34 make make VERB ital-2309 11 35 meaning meaning NOUN ital-2309 11 36 of of ADP ital-2309 11 37 a a DET ital-2309 11 38 given give VERB ital-2309 11 39 text.6 text.6 PROPN ital-2309 11 40 the the DET ital-2309 11 41 changing change VERB ital-2309 11 42 global global ADJ ital-2309 11 43 economy economy NOUN ital-2309 11 44 requires require VERB ital-2309 11 45 a a DET ital-2309 11 46 variety variety NOUN ital-2309 11 47 of of ADP ital-2309 11 48 digital digital ADJ ital-2309 11 49 literacies literacy NOUN ital-2309 11 50 , , PUNCT ital-2309 11 51 which which PRON ital-2309 11 52 schools school NOUN ital-2309 11 53 do do AUX ital-2309 11 54 not not PART ital-2309 11 55 provide.7 provide.7 VERB ital-2309 11 56 instead instead ADV ital-2309 11 57 , , PUNCT ital-2309 11 58 young young ADJ ital-2309 11 59 people people NOUN ital-2309 11 60 acquire acquire VERB ital-2309 11 61 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 11 62 through through ADP ital-2309 11 63 a a DET ital-2309 11 64 multitude multitude NOUN ital-2309 11 65 of of ADP ital-2309 11 66 inand inand PROPN ital-2309 11 67 out out ADV ital-2309 11 68 - - PUNCT ital-2309 11 69 of of ADP ital-2309 11 70 - - PUNCT ital-2309 11 71 school school NOUN ital-2309 11 72 experiences experience NOUN ital-2309 11 73 with with ADP ital-2309 11 74 new new ADJ ital-2309 11 75 media medium NOUN ital-2309 11 76 and and CCONJ ital-2309 11 77 digital digital ADJ ital-2309 11 78 technology.8 technology.8 PROPN ital-2309 11 79 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 11 80 play play VERB ital-2309 11 81 a a DET ital-2309 11 82 vital vital ADJ ital-2309 11 83 role role NOUN ital-2309 11 84 in in ADP ital-2309 11 85 supporting support VERB ital-2309 11 86 new new ADJ ital-2309 11 87 media medium NOUN ital-2309 11 88 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 11 89 by by ADP ital-2309 11 90 offering offer VERB ital-2309 11 91 out out ADP ital-2309 11 92 - - PUNCT ital-2309 11 93 of of ADP ital-2309 11 94 - - PUNCT ital-2309 11 95 school school NOUN ital-2309 11 96 access access NOUN ital-2309 11 97 and and CCONJ ital-2309 11 98 experiences experience NOUN ital-2309 11 99 . . PUNCT ital-2309 12 1 to to PART ital-2309 12 2 understand understand VERB ital-2309 12 3 the the DET ital-2309 12 4 role role NOUN ital-2309 12 5 that that PRON ital-2309 12 6 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 12 7 play play VERB ital-2309 12 8 in in ADP ital-2309 12 9 offering offer VERB ital-2309 12 10 access access NOUN ital-2309 12 11 to to ADP ital-2309 12 12 new new ADJ ital-2309 12 13 media medium NOUN ital-2309 12 14 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 12 15 technologies technology NOUN ital-2309 12 16 , , PUNCT ital-2309 12 17 a a DET ital-2309 12 18 few few ADJ ital-2309 12 19 key key ADJ ital-2309 12 20 concepts concept NOUN ital-2309 12 21 must must AUX ital-2309 12 22 be be AUX ital-2309 12 23 defined define VERB ital-2309 12 24 . . PUNCT ital-2309 13 1 first first ADV ital-2309 13 2 is be AUX ital-2309 13 3 the the DET ital-2309 13 4 concept concept NOUN ital-2309 13 5 of of ADP ital-2309 13 6 the the DET ital-2309 13 7 digital digital ADJ ital-2309 13 8 native native NOUN ital-2309 13 9 . . PUNCT ital-2309 14 1 those those PRON ital-2309 14 2 born bear VERB ital-2309 14 3 around around ADP ital-2309 14 4 1980 1980 NUM ital-2309 14 5 , , PUNCT ital-2309 14 6 who who PRON ital-2309 14 7 have have AUX ital-2309 14 8 essentially essentially ADV ital-2309 14 9 grown grow VERB ital-2309 14 10 up up ADP ital-2309 14 11 with with ADP ital-2309 14 12 technology technology NOUN ital-2309 14 13 , , PUNCT ital-2309 14 14 are be AUX ital-2309 14 15 known know VERB ital-2309 14 16 as as SCONJ ital-2309 14 17 digital digital ADJ ital-2309 14 18 natives.9 natives.9 NOUN ital-2309 14 19 digital digital ADJ ital-2309 14 20 natives native NOUN ital-2309 14 21 are be AUX ital-2309 14 22 expected expect VERB ital-2309 14 23 to to PART ital-2309 14 24 have have VERB ital-2309 14 25 a a DET ital-2309 14 26 base base ADJ ital-2309 14 27 knowledge knowledge NOUN ital-2309 14 28 of of ADP ital-2309 14 29 technology technology NOUN ital-2309 14 30 and and CCONJ ital-2309 14 31 to to PART ital-2309 14 32 be be AUX ital-2309 14 33 able able ADJ ital-2309 14 34 to to PART ital-2309 14 35 pick pick VERB ital-2309 14 36 up up ADP ital-2309 14 37 and and CCONJ ital-2309 14 38 learn learn VERB ital-2309 14 39 new new ADJ ital-2309 14 40 technology technology NOUN ital-2309 14 41 quickly quickly ADV ital-2309 14 42 because because SCONJ ital-2309 14 43 of of ADP ital-2309 14 44 that that DET ital-2309 14 45 base base NOUN ital-2309 14 46 knowledge knowledge NOUN ital-2309 14 47 . . PUNCT ital-2309 15 1 digital digital ADJ ital-2309 15 2 natives native NOUN ital-2309 15 3 have have AUX ital-2309 15 4 been be AUX ital-2309 15 5 exposed expose VERB ital-2309 15 6 to to ADP ital-2309 15 7 technology technology NOUN ital-2309 15 8 from from ADP ital-2309 15 9 a a DET ital-2309 15 10 young young ADJ ital-2309 15 11 age age NOUN ital-2309 15 12 and and CCONJ ital-2309 15 13 are be AUX ital-2309 15 14 adept adept ADJ ital-2309 15 15 at at ADP ital-2309 15 16 using use VERB ital-2309 15 17 a a DET ital-2309 15 18 variety variety NOUN ital-2309 15 19 of of ADP ital-2309 15 20 digital digital ADJ ital-2309 15 21 technologies technology NOUN ital-2309 15 22 . . PUNCT ital-2309 16 1 the the DET ital-2309 16 2 suggestion suggestion NOUN ital-2309 16 3 is be AUX ital-2309 16 4 that that SCONJ ital-2309 16 5 young young ADJ ital-2309 16 6 people people NOUN ital-2309 16 7 can can AUX ital-2309 16 8 quickly quickly ADV ital-2309 16 9 learn learn VERB ital-2309 16 10 to to PART ital-2309 16 11 make make VERB ital-2309 16 12 use use NOUN ital-2309 16 13 of of ADP ital-2309 16 14 the the DET ital-2309 16 15 new new ADJ ital-2309 16 16 media medium NOUN ital-2309 16 17 and and CCONJ ital-2309 16 18 technology technology NOUN ital-2309 16 19 available available ADJ ital-2309 16 20 in in ADP ital-2309 16 21 a a DET ital-2309 16 22 specific specific ADJ ital-2309 16 23 location location NOUN ital-2309 16 24 . . PUNCT ital-2309 17 1 key key NOUN ital-2309 17 2 to to ADP ital-2309 17 3 any any DET ital-2309 17 4 discussion discussion NOUN ital-2309 17 5 of of ADP ital-2309 17 6 digital digital ADJ ital-2309 17 7 natives native NOUN ital-2309 17 8 is be AUX ital-2309 17 9 the the DET ital-2309 17 10 concept concept NOUN ital-2309 17 11 of of ADP ital-2309 17 12 the the DET ital-2309 17 13 digital digital ADJ ital-2309 17 14 divide divide NOUN ital-2309 17 15 . . PUNCT ital-2309 18 1 the the DET ital-2309 18 2 digital digital ADJ ital-2309 18 3 divide divide NOUN ital-2309 18 4 has have AUX ital-2309 18 5 been be AUX ital-2309 18 6 a a DET ital-2309 18 7 central central ADJ ital-2309 18 8 issue issue NOUN ital-2309 18 9 of of ADP ital-2309 18 10 education education NOUN ital-2309 18 11 policy policy NOUN ital-2309 18 12 since since SCONJ ital-2309 18 13 the the DET ital-2309 18 14 mid-1990s.10 mid-1990s.10 ADJ ital-2309 18 15 early early ADJ ital-2309 18 16 work work NOUN ital-2309 18 17 on on ADP ital-2309 18 18 the the DET ital-2309 18 19 digital digital ADJ ital-2309 18 20 divide divide NOUN ital-2309 18 21 was be AUX ital-2309 18 22 concerned concern VERB ital-2309 18 23 primarily primarily ADV ital-2309 18 24 with with ADP ital-2309 18 25 equal equal ADJ ital-2309 18 26 access.11 access.11 NOUN ital-2309 18 27 more more ADV ital-2309 18 28 recently recently ADV ital-2309 18 29 , , PUNCT ital-2309 18 30 however however ADV ital-2309 18 31 , , PUNCT ital-2309 18 32 the the DET ital-2309 18 33 idea idea NOUN ital-2309 18 34 of of ADP ital-2309 18 35 a a DET ital-2309 18 36 “ " PUNCT ital-2309 18 37 binary binary ADJ ital-2309 18 38 digital digital ADJ ital-2309 18 39 divide divide NOUN ital-2309 18 40 ” " PUNCT ital-2309 18 41 has have AUX ital-2309 18 42 been be AUX ital-2309 18 43 replaced replace VERB ital-2309 18 44 by by ADP ital-2309 18 45 studies study NOUN ital-2309 18 46 focusing focus VERB ital-2309 18 47 on on ADP ital-2309 18 48 a a DET ital-2309 18 49 multidimensional multidimensional ADJ ital-2309 18 50 view view NOUN ital-2309 18 51 of of ADP ital-2309 18 52 the the DET ital-2309 18 53 digital digital ADJ ital-2309 18 54 divide.12 divide.12 PROPN ital-2309 18 55 hargattai hargattai PROPN ital-2309 18 56 asserts assert VERB ital-2309 18 57 that that SCONJ ital-2309 18 58 even even ADV ital-2309 18 59 among among ADP ital-2309 18 60 digital digital ADJ ital-2309 18 61 natives native NOUN ital-2309 18 62 , , PUNCT ital-2309 18 63 there there PRON ital-2309 18 64 are be VERB ital-2309 18 65 large large ADJ ital-2309 18 66 variations variation NOUN ital-2309 18 67 in in ADP ital-2309 18 68 internet internet NOUN ital-2309 18 69 skills skill NOUN ital-2309 18 70 and and CCONJ ital-2309 18 71 uses use VERB ital-2309 18 72 correlated correlate VERB ital-2309 18 73 with with ADP ital-2309 18 74 socioeconomic socioeconomic ADJ ital-2309 18 75 status status NOUN ital-2309 18 76 , , PUNCT ital-2309 18 77 race race NOUN ital-2309 18 78 , , PUNCT ital-2309 18 79 and and CCONJ ital-2309 18 80 gender.13 gender.13 VERB ital-2309 18 81 these these DET ital-2309 18 82 variations variation NOUN ital-2309 18 83 call call VERB ital-2309 18 84 for for ADP ital-2309 18 85 a a DET ital-2309 18 86 nuanced nuanced ADJ ital-2309 18 87 study study NOUN ital-2309 18 88 examining examine VERB ital-2309 18 89 social social ADJ ital-2309 18 90 and and CCONJ ital-2309 18 91 cultural cultural ADJ ital-2309 18 92 factors factor NOUN ital-2309 18 93 associated associate VERB ital-2309 18 94 with with ADP ital-2309 18 95 new new ADJ ital-2309 18 96 media medium NOUN ital-2309 18 97 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 18 98 , , PUNCT ital-2309 18 99 including include VERB ital-2309 18 100 out out ADJ ital-2309 18 101 - - PUNCT ital-2309 18 102 ofschool ofschool NOUN ital-2309 18 103 contexts context NOUN ital-2309 18 104 . . PUNCT ital-2309 19 1 the the DET ital-2309 19 2 concept concept NOUN ital-2309 19 3 of of ADP ital-2309 19 4 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 19 5 and and CCONJ ital-2309 19 6 learning learn VERB ital-2309 19 7 in in ADP ital-2309 19 8 out out ADP ital-2309 19 9 - - PUNCT ital-2309 19 10 of of ADP ital-2309 19 11 - - PUNCT ital-2309 19 12 school school NOUN ital-2309 19 13 contexts context NOUN ital-2309 19 14 has have VERB ital-2309 19 15 a a DET ital-2309 19 16 strong strong ADJ ital-2309 19 17 historical historical ADJ ital-2309 19 18 context context NOUN ital-2309 19 19 . . PUNCT ital-2309 20 1 hull hull NOUN ital-2309 20 2 and and CCONJ ital-2309 20 3 schultz schultz NOUN ital-2309 20 4 provide provide VERB ital-2309 20 5 a a DET ital-2309 20 6 review review NOUN ital-2309 20 7 of of ADP ital-2309 20 8 the the DET ital-2309 20 9 theory theory NOUN ital-2309 20 10 and and CCONJ ital-2309 20 11 research research NOUN ital-2309 20 12 on on ADP ital-2309 20 13 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 20 14 in in ADP ital-2309 20 15 out out ADP ital-2309 20 16 - - PUNCT ital-2309 20 17 of of ADP ital-2309 20 18 - - PUNCT ital-2309 20 19 school school NOUN ital-2309 20 20 settings.14 settings.14 NOUN ital-2309 20 21 a a DET ital-2309 20 22 variety variety NOUN ital-2309 20 23 of of ADP ital-2309 20 24 studies study NOUN ital-2309 20 25 , , PUNCT ital-2309 20 26 including include VERB ital-2309 20 27 self self NOUN ital-2309 20 28 - - PUNCT ital-2309 20 29 guided guide VERB ital-2309 20 30 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 20 31 activities activity NOUN ital-2309 20 32 , , PUNCT ital-2309 20 33 after after ADP ital-2309 20 34 - - PUNCT ital-2309 20 35 school school NOUN ital-2309 20 36 programs program NOUN ital-2309 20 37 , , PUNCT ital-2309 20 38 and and CCONJ ital-2309 20 39 reading read VERB ital-2309 20 40 programs program NOUN ital-2309 20 41 were be AUX ital-2309 20 42 reviewed review VERB ital-2309 20 43 , , PUNCT ital-2309 20 44 and and CCONJ ital-2309 20 45 the the DET ital-2309 20 46 significance significance NOUN ital-2309 20 47 of of ADP ital-2309 20 48 out out ADP ital-2309 20 49 - - PUNCT ital-2309 20 50 of of ADP ital-2309 20 51 - - PUNCT ital-2309 20 52 school school NOUN ital-2309 20 53 learning learning NOUN ital-2309 20 54 opportunities opportunity NOUN ital-2309 20 55 was be AUX ital-2309 20 56 supported support VERB ital-2309 20 57 by by ADP ital-2309 20 58 these these DET ital-2309 20 59 studies study NOUN ital-2309 20 60 . . PUNCT ital-2309 21 1 importantly importantly ADV ital-2309 21 2 for for ADP ital-2309 21 3 the the DET ital-2309 21 4 research research NOUN ital-2309 21 5 here here ADV ital-2309 21 6 , , PUNCT ital-2309 21 7 research research NOUN ital-2309 21 8 has have AUX ital-2309 21 9 also also ADV ital-2309 21 10 been be AUX ital-2309 21 11 done do VERB ital-2309 21 12 on on ADP ital-2309 21 13 the the DET ital-2309 21 14 use use NOUN ital-2309 21 15 of of ADP ital-2309 21 16 digital digital ADJ ital-2309 21 17 technology technology NOUN ital-2309 21 18 in in ADP ital-2309 21 19 out out ADP ital-2309 21 20 - - PUNCT ital-2309 21 21 of of ADP ital-2309 21 22 - - PUNCT ital-2309 21 23 school school NOUN ital-2309 21 24 settings setting NOUN ital-2309 21 25 . . PUNCT ital-2309 22 1 lankshear lankshear PROPN ital-2309 22 2 and and CCONJ ital-2309 22 3 knobel knobel PROPN ital-2309 22 4 examine examine VERB ital-2309 22 5 out out ADP ital-2309 22 6 - - PUNCT ital-2309 22 7 of of ADP ital-2309 22 8 - - PUNCT ital-2309 22 9 school school NOUN ital-2309 22 10 practices practice NOUN ital-2309 22 11 extensively extensively ADV ital-2309 22 12 with with ADP ital-2309 22 13 their their PRON ital-2309 22 14 work work NOUN ital-2309 22 15 on on ADP ital-2309 22 16 new new ADJ ital-2309 22 17 literacies.15 literacies.15 PROPN ital-2309 22 18 lankshear lankshear PROPN ital-2309 22 19 and and CCONJ ital-2309 22 20 knobel knobel PROPN ital-2309 22 21 also also ADV ital-2309 22 22 make make VERB ital-2309 22 23 clear clear ADJ ital-2309 22 24 the the DET ital-2309 22 25 complexity complexity NOUN ital-2309 22 26 of of ADP ital-2309 22 27 out out ADP ital-2309 22 28 - - PUNCT ital-2309 22 29 of of ADP ital-2309 22 30 - - PUNCT ital-2309 22 31 school school NOUN ital-2309 22 32 experiences experience NOUN ital-2309 22 33 among among ADP ital-2309 22 34 young young ADJ ital-2309 22 35 people people NOUN ital-2309 22 36 . . PUNCT ital-2309 23 1 students student NOUN ital-2309 23 2 participate participate VERB ital-2309 23 3 in in ADP ital-2309 23 4 nontraditional nontraditional ADJ ital-2309 23 5 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 23 6 activities activity NOUN ital-2309 23 7 such such ADJ ital-2309 23 8 as as ADP ital-2309 23 9 blogging blogging NOUN ital-2309 23 10 and and CCONJ ital-2309 23 11 remix remix NOUN ital-2309 23 12 in in ADP ital-2309 23 13 a a DET ital-2309 23 14 variety variety NOUN ital-2309 23 15 of of ADP ital-2309 23 16 out out ADP ital-2309 23 17 - - PUNCT ital-2309 23 18 of of ADP ital-2309 23 19 - - PUNCT ital-2309 23 20 school school NOUN ital-2309 23 21 contexts context NOUN ital-2309 23 22 , , PUNCT ital-2309 23 23 from from ADP ital-2309 23 24 home home NOUN ital-2309 23 25 computers computer NOUN ital-2309 23 26 to to ADP ital-2309 23 27 community community NOUN ital-2309 23 28 - - PUNCT ital-2309 23 29 based base VERB ital-2309 23 30 organizations organization NOUN ital-2309 23 31 to to ADP ital-2309 23 32 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 23 33 . . PUNCT ital-2309 24 1 most most ADV ital-2309 24 2 importantly importantly ADV ital-2309 24 3 , , PUNCT ital-2309 24 4 lankshear lankshear PROPN ital-2309 24 5 and and CCONJ ital-2309 24 6 knobel knobel PROPN ital-2309 24 7 found find VERB ital-2309 24 8 that that SCONJ ital-2309 24 9 the the DET ital-2309 24 10 students student NOUN ital-2309 24 11 did do AUX ital-2309 24 12 connect connect VERB ital-2309 24 13 what what PRON ital-2309 24 14 they they PRON ital-2309 24 15 learned learn VERB ital-2309 24 16 in in ADP ital-2309 24 17 the the DET ital-2309 24 18 classroom classroom NOUN ital-2309 24 19 with with ADP ital-2309 24 20 these these DET ital-2309 24 21 out out ADV ital-2309 24 22 - - PUNCT ital-2309 24 23 of of ADP ital-2309 24 24 - - PUNCT ital-2309 24 25 school school NOUN ital-2309 24 26 activities activity NOUN ital-2309 24 27 . . PUNCT ital-2309 25 1 the the DET ital-2309 25 2 connection connection NOUN ital-2309 25 3 between between ADP ital-2309 25 4 out out ADP ital-2309 25 5 - - PUNCT ital-2309 25 6 of of ADP ital-2309 25 7 - - PUNCT ital-2309 25 8 school school NOUN ital-2309 25 9 literacies literacy NOUN ital-2309 25 10 and and CCONJ ital-2309 25 11 in in ADP ital-2309 25 12 - - PUNCT ital-2309 25 13 school school NOUN ital-2309 25 14 learning learning NOUN ital-2309 25 15 has have AUX ital-2309 25 16 also also ADV ital-2309 25 17 been be AUX ital-2309 25 18 studied study VERB ital-2309 25 19 . . PUNCT ital-2309 26 1 education education NOUN ital-2309 26 2 policy policy NOUN ital-2309 26 3 researcher researcher NOUN ital-2309 26 4 allan allan PROPN ital-2309 26 5 luke luke PROPN ital-2309 26 6 writes write VERB ital-2309 26 7 , , PUNCT ital-2309 26 8 the the DET ital-2309 26 9 redefined redefine VERB ital-2309 26 10 action action NOUN ital-2309 26 11 of of ADP ital-2309 26 12 governments government NOUN ital-2309 26 13 . . PUNCT ital-2309 26 14 . . PUNCT ital-2309 26 15 . . PUNCT ital-2309 27 1 is be AUX ital-2309 27 2 to to PART ital-2309 27 3 provide provide VERB ital-2309 27 4 access access NOUN ital-2309 27 5 to to ADP ital-2309 27 6 combinatory combinatory ADJ ital-2309 27 7 forms form NOUN ital-2309 27 8 of of ADP ital-2309 27 9 enabling enable VERB ital-2309 27 10 capital capital NOUN ital-2309 27 11 that that PRON ital-2309 27 12 enhance enhance VERB ital-2309 27 13 students student NOUN ital-2309 27 14 ’ ’ PART ital-2309 27 15 possibilities possibility NOUN ital-2309 27 16 of of ADP ital-2309 27 17 putting put VERB ital-2309 27 18 the the DET ital-2309 27 19 kinds kind NOUN ital-2309 27 20 of of ADP ital-2309 27 21 practices practice NOUN ital-2309 27 22 , , PUNCT ital-2309 27 23 texts text NOUN ital-2309 27 24 , , PUNCT ital-2309 27 25 and and CCONJ ital-2309 27 26 discourses discourse VERB ital-2309 27 27 social social ADJ ital-2309 27 28 contexts context NOUN ital-2309 27 29 of of ADP ital-2309 27 30 new new ADJ ital-2309 27 31 media medium NOUN ital-2309 27 32 literacies literacy NOUN ital-2309 27 33 : : PUNCT ital-2309 27 34 mapping map VERB ital-2309 27 35 libraries| libraries| ADJ ital-2309 27 36 thorne thorne NOUN ital-2309 27 37 - - PUNCT ital-2309 27 38 wallington wallington PROPN ital-2309 27 39 55 55 NUM ital-2309 27 40 acquired acquire VERB ital-2309 27 41 in in ADP ital-2309 27 42 schools school NOUN ital-2309 27 43 to to PART ital-2309 27 44 work work VERB ital-2309 27 45 in in ADP ital-2309 27 46 consequential consequential ADJ ital-2309 27 47 ways way NOUN ital-2309 27 48 that that PRON ital-2309 27 49 enable enable VERB ital-2309 27 50 active active ADJ ital-2309 27 51 position position NOUN ital-2309 27 52 taking take VERB ital-2309 27 53 in in ADP ital-2309 27 54 social social ADJ ital-2309 27 55 fields.16 fields.16 NOUN ital-2309 27 56 collins collins PROPN ital-2309 27 57 writes write VERB ital-2309 27 58 about about ADP ital-2309 27 59 this this DET ital-2309 27 60 relationship relationship NOUN ital-2309 27 61 between between ADP ital-2309 27 62 inand inand PROPN ital-2309 27 63 out out ADV ital-2309 27 64 - - PUNCT ital-2309 27 65 of of ADP ital-2309 27 66 - - PUNCT ital-2309 27 67 school school NOUN ital-2309 27 68 literacies literacy NOUN ital-2309 27 69 . . PUNCT ital-2309 28 1 collins collins PROPN ital-2309 28 2 writes write VERB ital-2309 28 3 in in ADP ital-2309 28 4 her her PRON ital-2309 28 5 case case NOUN ital-2309 28 6 study study VERB ital-2309 28 7 that that SCONJ ital-2309 28 8 there there PRON ital-2309 28 9 are be VERB ital-2309 28 10 a a DET ital-2309 28 11 variety variety NOUN ital-2309 28 12 of of ADP ital-2309 28 13 “ " PUNCT ital-2309 28 14 imports import NOUN ital-2309 28 15 ” " PUNCT ital-2309 28 16 and and CCONJ ital-2309 28 17 “ " PUNCT ital-2309 28 18 exports export NOUN ital-2309 28 19 ” " PUNCT ital-2309 28 20 in in ADP ital-2309 28 21 terms term NOUN ital-2309 28 22 of of ADP ital-2309 28 23 practices practice NOUN ital-2309 28 24 . . PUNCT ital-2309 29 1 that that ADV ital-2309 29 2 is is ADV ital-2309 29 3 , , PUNCT ital-2309 29 4 skill skill NOUN ital-2309 29 5 transaction transaction NOUN ital-2309 29 6 works work VERB ital-2309 29 7 in in ADP ital-2309 29 8 both both DET ital-2309 29 9 directions direction NOUN ital-2309 29 10 , , PUNCT ital-2309 29 11 with with ADP ital-2309 29 12 skills skill NOUN ital-2309 29 13 learned learn VERB ital-2309 29 14 out out ADP ital-2309 29 15 of of ADP ital-2309 29 16 school school NOUN ital-2309 29 17 used use VERB ital-2309 29 18 in in ADP ital-2309 29 19 school school NOUN ital-2309 29 20 , , PUNCT ital-2309 29 21 and and CCONJ ital-2309 29 22 skills skill NOUN ital-2309 29 23 learned learn VERB ital-2309 29 24 in in ADP ital-2309 29 25 school school NOUN ital-2309 29 26 used use VERB ital-2309 29 27 out out ADP ital-2309 29 28 of of ADP ital-2309 29 29 school.17 school.17 ADJ ital-2309 29 30 skerett skerett PROPN ital-2309 29 31 and and CCONJ ital-2309 29 32 bomer bomer VERB ital-2309 29 33 make make VERB ital-2309 29 34 this this DET ital-2309 29 35 connection connection NOUN ital-2309 29 36 even even ADV ital-2309 29 37 more more ADV ital-2309 29 38 explicit explicit ADJ ital-2309 29 39 when when SCONJ ital-2309 29 40 looking look VERB ital-2309 29 41 at at ADP ital-2309 29 42 adolescent adolescent ADJ ital-2309 29 43 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 29 44 practices.18 practices.18 VERB ital-2309 29 45 their their PRON ital-2309 29 46 article article NOUN ital-2309 29 47 examines examine VERB ital-2309 29 48 how how SCONJ ital-2309 29 49 a a DET ital-2309 29 50 teacher teacher NOUN ital-2309 29 51 in in ADP ital-2309 29 52 an an DET ital-2309 29 53 urban urban ADJ ital-2309 29 54 classroom classroom NOUN ital-2309 29 55 drew draw VERB ital-2309 29 56 on on ADP ital-2309 29 57 her her PRON ital-2309 29 58 students student NOUN ital-2309 29 59 ’ ’ PART ital-2309 29 60 out out ADP ital-2309 29 61 - - PUNCT ital-2309 29 62 of of ADP ital-2309 29 63 - - PUNCT ital-2309 29 64 school school NOUN ital-2309 29 65 literacies literacy NOUN ital-2309 29 66 to to PART ital-2309 29 67 inform inform VERB ital-2309 29 68 teaching teaching NOUN ital-2309 29 69 and and CCONJ ital-2309 29 70 learning learn VERB ital-2309 29 71 in in ADP ital-2309 29 72 a a DET ital-2309 29 73 traditional traditional ADJ ital-2309 29 74 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 29 75 classroom classroom NOUN ital-2309 29 76 . . PUNCT ital-2309 30 1 the the DET ital-2309 30 2 authors author NOUN ital-2309 30 3 found find VERB ital-2309 30 4 that that SCONJ ital-2309 30 5 the the DET ital-2309 30 6 teacher teacher NOUN ital-2309 30 7 in in ADP ital-2309 30 8 their their PRON ital-2309 30 9 study study NOUN ital-2309 30 10 was be AUX ital-2309 30 11 able able ADJ ital-2309 30 12 to to PART ital-2309 30 13 create create VERB ital-2309 30 14 a a DET ital-2309 30 15 curriculum curriculum NOUN ital-2309 30 16 that that PRON ital-2309 30 17 engaged engage VERB ital-2309 30 18 students student NOUN ital-2309 30 19 by by ADP ital-2309 30 20 inviting invite VERB ital-2309 30 21 them they PRON ital-2309 30 22 to to PART ital-2309 30 23 use use VERB ital-2309 30 24 literacies literacy NOUN ital-2309 30 25 learned learn VERB ital-2309 30 26 in in ADP ital-2309 30 27 out out ADP ital-2309 30 28 - - PUNCT ital-2309 30 29 of of ADP ital-2309 30 30 - - PUNCT ital-2309 30 31 school school NOUN ital-2309 30 32 settings setting NOUN ital-2309 30 33 . . PUNCT ital-2309 31 1 however however ADV ital-2309 31 2 , , PUNCT ital-2309 31 3 the the DET ital-2309 31 4 authors author NOUN ital-2309 31 5 write write VERB ital-2309 31 6 that that SCONJ ital-2309 31 7 this this DET ital-2309 31 8 type type NOUN ital-2309 31 9 of of ADP ital-2309 31 10 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 31 11 study study NOUN ital-2309 31 12 was be AUX ital-2309 31 13 taxing tax VERB ital-2309 31 14 and and CCONJ ital-2309 31 15 time time NOUN ital-2309 31 16 - - PUNCT ital-2309 31 17 consuming consume VERB ital-2309 31 18 for for ADP ital-2309 31 19 both both CCONJ ital-2309 31 20 the the DET ital-2309 31 21 teacher teacher NOUN ital-2309 31 22 and and CCONJ ital-2309 31 23 the the DET ital-2309 31 24 student student NOUN ital-2309 31 25 . . PUNCT ital-2309 32 1 still still ADV ital-2309 32 2 , , PUNCT ital-2309 32 3 it it PRON ital-2309 32 4 is be AUX ital-2309 32 5 clear clear ADJ ital-2309 32 6 that that SCONJ ital-2309 32 7 connections connection NOUN ital-2309 32 8 between between ADP ital-2309 32 9 inand inand PROPN ital-2309 32 10 out out ADV ital-2309 32 11 - - PUNCT ital-2309 32 12 of of ADP ital-2309 32 13 - - PUNCT ital-2309 32 14 school school NOUN ital-2309 32 15 literacies literacy NOUN ital-2309 32 16 can can AUX ital-2309 32 17 be be AUX ital-2309 32 18 made make VERB ital-2309 32 19 . . PUNCT ital-2309 33 1 the the DET ital-2309 33 2 role role NOUN ital-2309 33 3 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 33 4 play play VERB ital-2309 33 5 in in ADP ital-2309 33 6 making make VERB ital-2309 33 7 this this DET ital-2309 33 8 connection connection NOUN ital-2309 33 9 has have AUX ital-2309 33 10 not not PART ital-2309 33 11 been be AUX ital-2309 33 12 studied study VERB ital-2309 33 13 as as ADP ital-2309 33 14 extensively extensively ADV ital-2309 33 15 . . PUNCT ital-2309 34 1 yet yet CCONJ ital-2309 34 2 it it PRON ital-2309 34 3 is be AUX ital-2309 34 4 clear clear ADJ ital-2309 34 5 that that SCONJ ital-2309 34 6 young young ADJ ital-2309 34 7 people people NOUN ital-2309 34 8 do do AUX ital-2309 34 9 use use VERB ital-2309 34 10 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 34 11 to to PART ital-2309 34 12 access access VERB ital-2309 34 13 technology technology NOUN ital-2309 34 14 . . PUNCT ital-2309 35 1 becker becker PROPN ital-2309 35 2 et et PROPN ital-2309 35 3 al al PROPN ital-2309 35 4 . . PROPN ital-2309 35 5 , , PUNCT ital-2309 35 6 found find VERB ital-2309 35 7 that that SCONJ ital-2309 35 8 nearly nearly ADV ital-2309 35 9 half half NOUN ital-2309 35 10 of of ADP ital-2309 35 11 the the DET ital-2309 35 12 nation nation NOUN ital-2309 35 13 ’s ’s PART ital-2309 35 14 14 14 NUM ital-2309 35 15 to to PART ital-2309 35 16 18 18 NUM ital-2309 35 17 year year NOUN ital-2309 35 18 olds old NOUN ital-2309 35 19 had have AUX ital-2309 35 20 used use VERB ital-2309 35 21 a a DET ital-2309 35 22 library library NOUN ital-2309 35 23 computer computer NOUN ital-2309 35 24 within within ADP ital-2309 35 25 the the DET ital-2309 35 26 past past ADJ ital-2309 35 27 year year NOUN ital-2309 35 28 . . PUNCT ital-2309 36 1 becker becker PROPN ital-2309 36 2 et et PROPN ital-2309 36 3 al al PROPN ital-2309 36 4 . . PUNCT ital-2309 36 5 additionally additionally ADV ital-2309 36 6 found find VERB ital-2309 36 7 that that SCONJ ital-2309 36 8 for for ADP ital-2309 36 9 poor poor ADJ ital-2309 36 10 children child NOUN ital-2309 36 11 and and CCONJ ital-2309 36 12 families family NOUN ital-2309 36 13 , , PUNCT ital-2309 36 14 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 36 15 are be AUX ital-2309 36 16 a a DET ital-2309 36 17 “ " PUNCT ital-2309 36 18 technological technological ADJ ital-2309 36 19 lifeline lifeline NOUN ital-2309 36 20 . . PUNCT ital-2309 36 21 ” " PUNCT ital-2309 37 1 among among ADP ital-2309 37 2 those those PRON ital-2309 37 3 below below ADP ital-2309 37 4 the the DET ital-2309 37 5 poverty poverty NOUN ital-2309 37 6 line line NOUN ital-2309 37 7 , , PUNCT ital-2309 37 8 61 61 NUM ital-2309 37 9 percent percent NOUN ital-2309 37 10 used use VERB ital-2309 37 11 public public ADJ ital-2309 37 12 library library NOUN ital-2309 37 13 computers computer NOUN ital-2309 37 14 and and CCONJ ital-2309 37 15 the the DET ital-2309 37 16 internet internet NOUN ital-2309 37 17 for for ADP ital-2309 37 18 educational educational ADJ ital-2309 37 19 purposes.19 purposes.19 NOUN ital-2309 37 20 tripp tripp NOUN ital-2309 37 21 writes write VERB ital-2309 37 22 that that SCONJ ital-2309 37 23 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 37 24 have have AUX ital-2309 37 25 long long ADV ital-2309 37 26 played play VERB ital-2309 37 27 an an DET ital-2309 37 28 important important ADJ ital-2309 37 29 role role NOUN ital-2309 37 30 in in ADP ital-2309 37 31 helping help VERB ital-2309 37 32 people people NOUN ital-2309 37 33 gain gain VERB ital-2309 37 34 access access NOUN ital-2309 37 35 to to ADP ital-2309 37 36 digital digital ADJ ital-2309 37 37 media medium NOUN ital-2309 37 38 tools tool NOUN ital-2309 37 39 , , PUNCT ital-2309 37 40 resources resource NOUN ital-2309 37 41 , , PUNCT ital-2309 37 42 and and CCONJ ital-2309 37 43 skills.20 skills.20 NOUN ital-2309 37 44 tripp tripp NOUN ital-2309 37 45 writes write VERB ital-2309 37 46 that that SCONJ ital-2309 37 47 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 37 48 should should AUX ital-2309 37 49 capitalize capitalize VERB ital-2309 37 50 on on ADP ital-2309 37 51 the the DET ital-2309 37 52 potential potential NOUN ital-2309 37 53 of of ADP ital-2309 37 54 new new ADJ ital-2309 37 55 media medium NOUN ital-2309 37 56 to to PART ital-2309 37 57 engage engage VERB ital-2309 37 58 young young ADJ ital-2309 37 59 people people NOUN ital-2309 37 60 . . PUNCT ital-2309 38 1 additionally additionally ADV ital-2309 38 2 , , PUNCT ital-2309 38 3 tripp tripp NOUN ital-2309 38 4 argues argue VERB ital-2309 38 5 that that SCONJ ital-2309 38 6 librarians librarian NOUN ital-2309 38 7 need need VERB ital-2309 38 8 to to PART ital-2309 38 9 develop develop VERB ital-2309 38 10 skills skill NOUN ital-2309 38 11 to to PART ital-2309 38 12 train train VERB ital-2309 38 13 young young ADJ ital-2309 38 14 people people NOUN ital-2309 38 15 to to PART ital-2309 38 16 use use VERB ital-2309 38 17 new new ADJ ital-2309 38 18 media medium NOUN ital-2309 38 19 . . PUNCT ital-2309 39 1 the the DET ital-2309 39 2 idea idea NOUN ital-2309 39 3 that that SCONJ ital-2309 39 4 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 39 5 are be AUX ital-2309 39 6 important important ADJ ital-2309 39 7 in in ADP ital-2309 39 8 meeting meet VERB ital-2309 39 9 the the DET ital-2309 39 10 need need NOUN ital-2309 39 11 is be AUX ital-2309 39 12 further far ADV ital-2309 39 13 supported support VERB ital-2309 39 14 by by ADP ital-2309 39 15 the the DET ital-2309 39 16 recent recent ADJ ital-2309 39 17 grants grant NOUN ital-2309 39 18 , , PUNCT ital-2309 39 19 totaling total VERB ital-2309 39 20 $ $ SYM ital-2309 39 21 1.2 1.2 NUM ital-2309 39 22 million million NUM ital-2309 39 23 , , PUNCT ital-2309 39 24 by by ADP ital-2309 39 25 the the DET ital-2309 39 26 john john PROPN ital-2309 39 27 d. d. PROPN ital-2309 39 28 and and CCONJ ital-2309 39 29 catherine catherine PROPN ital-2309 39 30 t. t. PROPN ital-2309 39 31 macarthur macarthur PROPN ital-2309 39 32 foundation foundation PROPN ital-2309 39 33 to to PART ital-2309 39 34 build build VERB ital-2309 39 35 “ " PUNCT ital-2309 39 36 innovative innovative ADJ ital-2309 39 37 learning learning NOUN ital-2309 39 38 labs lab NOUN ital-2309 39 39 for for ADP ital-2309 39 40 teens teen NOUN ital-2309 39 41 ” " PUNCT ital-2309 39 42 in in ADP ital-2309 39 43 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 39 44 . . PUNCT ital-2309 40 1 this this DET ital-2309 40 2 grant grant NOUN ital-2309 40 3 making making NOUN ital-2309 40 4 was be AUX ital-2309 40 5 a a DET ital-2309 40 6 response response NOUN ital-2309 40 7 to to ADP ital-2309 40 8 president president PROPN ital-2309 40 9 obama obama PROPN ital-2309 40 10 ’s ’s PART ital-2309 40 11 “ " PUNCT ital-2309 40 12 educate educate VERB ital-2309 40 13 to to PART ital-2309 40 14 innovate innovate VERB ital-2309 40 15 ” " PUNCT ital-2309 40 16 campaign campaign NOUN ital-2309 40 17 , , PUNCT ital-2309 40 18 a a DET ital-2309 40 19 nationwide nationwide ADJ ital-2309 40 20 effort effort NOUN ital-2309 40 21 to to PART ital-2309 40 22 bring bring VERB ital-2309 40 23 american american ADJ ital-2309 40 24 students student NOUN ital-2309 40 25 to to ADP ital-2309 40 26 the the DET ital-2309 40 27 forefront forefront NOUN ital-2309 40 28 in in ADP ital-2309 40 29 science science NOUN ital-2309 40 30 and and CCONJ ital-2309 40 31 math.21 math.21 VERB ital-2309 40 32 this this DET ital-2309 40 33 literature literature NOUN ital-2309 40 34 review review NOUN ital-2309 40 35 demonstrates demonstrate VERB ital-2309 40 36 that that SCONJ ital-2309 40 37 the the DET ital-2309 40 38 body body NOUN ital-2309 40 39 of of ADP ital-2309 40 40 research research NOUN ital-2309 40 41 currently currently ADV ital-2309 40 42 available available ADJ ital-2309 40 43 focuses focus VERB ital-2309 40 44 on on ADP ital-2309 40 45 digital digital ADJ ital-2309 40 46 natives native NOUN ital-2309 40 47 and and CCONJ ital-2309 40 48 the the DET ital-2309 40 49 digital digital ADJ ital-2309 40 50 divide divide NOUN ital-2309 40 51 , , PUNCT ital-2309 40 52 but but CCONJ ital-2309 40 53 that that SCONJ ital-2309 40 54 the the DET ital-2309 40 55 research research NOUN ital-2309 40 56 lacks lack VERB ital-2309 40 57 the the DET ital-2309 40 58 nuance nuance NOUN ital-2309 40 59 needed need VERB ital-2309 40 60 to to PART ital-2309 40 61 capture capture VERB ital-2309 40 62 the the DET ital-2309 40 63 complexity complexity NOUN ital-2309 40 64 of of ADP ital-2309 40 65 social social ADJ ital-2309 40 66 and and CCONJ ital-2309 40 67 cultural cultural ADJ ital-2309 40 68 contexts context NOUN ital-2309 40 69 surrounding surround VERB ital-2309 40 70 the the DET ital-2309 40 71 issue issue NOUN ital-2309 40 72 . . PUNCT ital-2309 41 1 this this DET ital-2309 41 2 literature literature NOUN ital-2309 41 3 review review NOUN ital-2309 41 4 further far ADV ital-2309 41 5 demonstrates demonstrate VERB ital-2309 41 6 both both CCONJ ital-2309 41 7 the the DET ital-2309 41 8 importance importance NOUN ital-2309 41 9 of of ADP ital-2309 41 10 new new ADJ ital-2309 41 11 media medium NOUN ital-2309 41 12 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 41 13 and and CCONJ ital-2309 41 14 out out ADP ital-2309 41 15 - - PUNCT ital-2309 41 16 of of ADP ital-2309 41 17 - - PUNCT ital-2309 41 18 school school NOUN ital-2309 41 19 learning learning NOUN ital-2309 41 20 , , PUNCT ital-2309 41 21 as as ADV ital-2309 41 22 well well ADV ital-2309 41 23 as as ADP ital-2309 41 24 the the DET ital-2309 41 25 key key ADJ ital-2309 41 26 role role NOUN ital-2309 41 27 that that PRON ital-2309 41 28 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 41 29 play play VERB ital-2309 41 30 in in ADP ital-2309 41 31 supporting support VERB ital-2309 41 32 these these DET ital-2309 41 33 learning learn VERB ital-2309 41 34 opportunities opportunity NOUN ital-2309 41 35 . . PUNCT ital-2309 42 1 the the DET ital-2309 42 2 study study NOUN ital-2309 42 3 provided provide VERB ital-2309 42 4 here here ADV ital-2309 42 5 uses use VERB ital-2309 42 6 gis gis PROPN ital-2309 42 7 analysis analysis NOUN ital-2309 42 8 to to PART ital-2309 42 9 demonstrate demonstrate VERB ital-2309 42 10 important important ADJ ital-2309 42 11 socioeconomic socioeconomic ADJ ital-2309 42 12 and and CCONJ ital-2309 42 13 cultural cultural ADJ ital-2309 42 14 factors factor NOUN ital-2309 42 15 that that PRON ital-2309 42 16 surround surround VERB ital-2309 42 17 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 42 18 and and CCONJ ital-2309 42 19 library library NOUN ital-2309 42 20 access access NOUN ital-2309 42 21 . . PUNCT ital-2309 43 1 first first ADV ital-2309 43 2 , , PUNCT ital-2309 43 3 i i PRON ital-2309 43 4 describe describe VERB ital-2309 43 5 the the DET ital-2309 43 6 role role NOUN ital-2309 43 7 of of ADP ital-2309 43 8 gis gis PROPN ital-2309 43 9 in in ADP ital-2309 43 10 understanding understand VERB ital-2309 43 11 context context NOUN ital-2309 43 12 . . PUNCT ital-2309 44 1 next next ADV ital-2309 44 2 , , PUNCT ital-2309 44 3 i i PRON ital-2309 44 4 describe describe VERB ital-2309 44 5 the the DET ital-2309 44 6 methods method NOUN ital-2309 44 7 used use VERB ital-2309 44 8 in in ADP ital-2309 44 9 this this DET ital-2309 44 10 paper paper NOUN ital-2309 44 11 . . PUNCT ital-2309 45 1 finally finally ADV ital-2309 45 2 , , PUNCT ital-2309 45 3 i i PRON ital-2309 45 4 analyze analyze VERB ital-2309 45 5 the the DET ital-2309 45 6 results result NOUN ital-2309 45 7 and and CCONJ ital-2309 45 8 implications implication NOUN ital-2309 45 9 for for ADP ital-2309 45 10 the the DET ital-2309 45 11 study study NOUN ital-2309 45 12 . . PUNCT ital-2309 46 1 geographic geographic ADJ ital-2309 46 2 information information NOUN ital-2309 46 3 systems system NOUN ital-2309 46 4 analysis analysis NOUN ital-2309 46 5 in in ADP ital-2309 46 6 education education NOUN ital-2309 46 7 there there PRON ital-2309 46 8 is be VERB ital-2309 46 9 a a DET ital-2309 46 10 burgeoning burgeon VERB ital-2309 46 11 body body NOUN ital-2309 46 12 of of ADP ital-2309 46 13 research research NOUN ital-2309 46 14 which which PRON ital-2309 46 15 uses use VERB ital-2309 46 16 geographic geographic ADJ ital-2309 46 17 information information NOUN ital-2309 46 18 systems system NOUN ital-2309 46 19 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 46 20 gis gis PROPN ital-2309 46 21 ) ) PUNCT ital-2309 46 22 to to PART ital-2309 46 23 better well ADV ital-2309 46 24 understand understand VERB ital-2309 46 25 socioeconomic socioeconomic ADJ ital-2309 46 26 and and CCONJ ital-2309 46 27 cultural cultural ADJ ital-2309 46 28 contexts context NOUN ital-2309 46 29 of of ADP ital-2309 46 30 education education NOUN ital-2309 46 31 and and CCONJ ital-2309 46 32 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 46 33 issues.22 issues.22 PROPN ital-2309 46 34 information information NOUN ital-2309 46 35 technology technology NOUN ital-2309 46 36 and and CCONJ ital-2309 46 37 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 47 1 | | NOUN ital-2309 47 2 december december PROPN ital-2309 47 3 2013 2013 NUM ital-2309 47 4 56 56 NUM ital-2309 47 5 there there PRON ital-2309 47 6 are be VERB ital-2309 47 7 several several ADJ ital-2309 47 8 key key ADJ ital-2309 47 9 works work NOUN ital-2309 47 10 that that PRON ital-2309 47 11 link link VERB ital-2309 47 12 geography geography NOUN ital-2309 47 13 and and CCONJ ital-2309 47 14 social social ADJ ital-2309 47 15 context context NOUN ital-2309 47 16 . . PUNCT ital-2309 48 1 lefebvre lefebvre PROPN ital-2309 48 2 defines define VERB ital-2309 48 3 space space NOUN ital-2309 48 4 as as ADV ital-2309 48 5 socially socially ADV ital-2309 48 6 produced produce VERB ital-2309 48 7 , , PUNCT ital-2309 48 8 and and CCONJ ital-2309 48 9 he he PRON ital-2309 48 10 writes write VERB ital-2309 48 11 that that SCONJ ital-2309 48 12 space space NOUN ital-2309 48 13 embodies embody VERB ital-2309 48 14 social social ADJ ital-2309 48 15 relationships relationship NOUN ital-2309 48 16 shaped shape VERB ital-2309 48 17 by by ADP ital-2309 48 18 values value NOUN ital-2309 48 19 and and CCONJ ital-2309 48 20 meanings meaning NOUN ital-2309 48 21 . . PUNCT ital-2309 49 1 he he PRON ital-2309 49 2 describes describe VERB ital-2309 49 3 space space NOUN ital-2309 49 4 as as ADP ital-2309 49 5 a a DET ital-2309 49 6 tool tool NOUN ital-2309 49 7 for for ADP ital-2309 49 8 thought thought NOUN ital-2309 49 9 and and CCONJ ital-2309 49 10 action action NOUN ital-2309 49 11 or or CCONJ ital-2309 49 12 as as ADP ital-2309 49 13 a a DET ital-2309 49 14 means means NOUN ital-2309 49 15 of of ADP ital-2309 49 16 control control NOUN ital-2309 49 17 and and CCONJ ital-2309 49 18 domination domination NOUN ital-2309 49 19 . . PUNCT ital-2309 50 1 lefebvre lefebvre PROPN ital-2309 50 2 writes write VERB ital-2309 50 3 that that SCONJ ital-2309 50 4 there there PRON ital-2309 50 5 is be VERB ital-2309 50 6 a a DET ital-2309 50 7 need need NOUN ital-2309 50 8 for for ADP ital-2309 50 9 spatial spatial ADJ ital-2309 50 10 reappropriation reappropriation NOUN ital-2309 50 11 in in ADP ital-2309 50 12 everyday everyday ADJ ital-2309 50 13 urban urban ADJ ital-2309 50 14 life life NOUN ital-2309 50 15 . . PUNCT ital-2309 51 1 the the DET ital-2309 51 2 struggle struggle NOUN ital-2309 51 3 for for ADP ital-2309 51 4 equality equality NOUN ital-2309 51 5 , , PUNCT ital-2309 51 6 then then ADV ital-2309 51 7 , , PUNCT ital-2309 51 8 is be AUX ital-2309 51 9 central central ADJ ital-2309 51 10 to to ADP ital-2309 51 11 the the DET ital-2309 51 12 “ " PUNCT ital-2309 51 13 right right NOUN ital-2309 51 14 of of ADP ital-2309 51 15 the the DET ital-2309 51 16 city city NOUN ital-2309 51 17 . . PUNCT ital-2309 51 18 ”23 ”23 PROPN ital-2309 52 1 the the DET ital-2309 52 2 unequal unequal ADJ ital-2309 52 3 distributions distribution NOUN ital-2309 52 4 of of ADP ital-2309 52 5 resources resource NOUN ital-2309 52 6 in in ADP ital-2309 52 7 the the DET ital-2309 52 8 city city NOUN ital-2309 52 9 help help NOUN ital-2309 52 10 to to PART ital-2309 52 11 maintain maintain VERB ital-2309 52 12 social social ADJ ital-2309 52 13 and and CCONJ ital-2309 52 14 economic economic ADJ ital-2309 52 15 advantaged advantaged ADJ ital-2309 52 16 positions position NOUN ital-2309 52 17 , , PUNCT ital-2309 52 18 which which PRON ital-2309 52 19 is be AUX ital-2309 52 20 important important ADJ ital-2309 52 21 to to ADP ital-2309 52 22 the the DET ital-2309 52 23 analysis analysis NOUN ital-2309 52 24 here here ADV ital-2309 52 25 of of ADP ital-2309 52 26 library library NOUN ital-2309 52 27 access access NOUN ital-2309 52 28 . . PUNCT ital-2309 53 1 this this DET ital-2309 53 2 unequal unequal ADJ ital-2309 53 3 distribution distribution NOUN ital-2309 53 4 of of ADP ital-2309 53 5 resources resource NOUN ital-2309 53 6 continues continue VERB ital-2309 53 7 today today NOUN ital-2309 53 8 . . PUNCT ital-2309 54 1 de de PROPN ital-2309 54 2 souza souza PROPN ital-2309 54 3 briggs briggs PROPN ital-2309 54 4 and and CCONJ ital-2309 54 5 others other NOUN ital-2309 54 6 write write VERB ital-2309 54 7 that that SCONJ ital-2309 54 8 there there PRON ital-2309 54 9 is be VERB ital-2309 54 10 clear clear ADJ ital-2309 54 11 geographical geographical ADJ ital-2309 54 12 segregation segregation NOUN ital-2309 54 13 in in ADP ital-2309 54 14 american american ADJ ital-2309 54 15 cities city NOUN ital-2309 54 16 today.24 today.24 NOUN ital-2309 55 1 this this PRON ital-2309 55 2 is be AUX ital-2309 55 3 seen see VERB ital-2309 55 4 in in ADP ital-2309 55 5 housing housing NOUN ital-2309 55 6 choice choice NOUN ital-2309 55 7 , , PUNCT ital-2309 55 8 racial racial ADJ ital-2309 55 9 attitudes attitude NOUN ital-2309 55 10 , , PUNCT ital-2309 55 11 and and CCONJ ital-2309 55 12 discrimination discrimination NOUN ital-2309 55 13 , , PUNCT ital-2309 55 14 as as ADV ital-2309 55 15 well well ADV ital-2309 55 16 as as ADP ital-2309 55 17 metropolitan metropolitan ADJ ital-2309 55 18 development development NOUN ital-2309 55 19 and and CCONJ ital-2309 55 20 policy policy NOUN ital-2309 55 21 coalitions coalition NOUN ital-2309 55 22 . . PUNCT ital-2309 56 1 in in ADP ital-2309 56 2 the the DET ital-2309 56 3 conclusion conclusion NOUN ital-2309 56 4 of of ADP ital-2309 56 5 his his PRON ital-2309 56 6 book book NOUN ital-2309 56 7 , , PUNCT ital-2309 56 8 de de PROPN ital-2309 56 9 souza souza PROPN ital-2309 56 10 briggs briggs PROPN ital-2309 56 11 writes write VERB ital-2309 56 12 that that SCONJ ital-2309 56 13 housing housing NOUN ital-2309 56 14 choice choice NOUN ital-2309 56 15 is be AUX ital-2309 56 16 limited limit VERB ital-2309 56 17 for for ADP ital-2309 56 18 low low ADJ ital-2309 56 19 - - PUNCT ital-2309 56 20 ses ses ADJ ital-2309 56 21 minorities minority NOUN ital-2309 56 22 , , PUNCT ital-2309 56 23 and and CCONJ ital-2309 56 24 these these DET ital-2309 56 25 limitations limitation NOUN ital-2309 56 26 produce produce VERB ital-2309 56 27 myriad myriad ADJ ital-2309 56 28 social social ADJ ital-2309 56 29 effects effect NOUN ital-2309 56 30 . . PUNCT ital-2309 57 1 again again ADV ital-2309 57 2 , , PUNCT ital-2309 57 3 this this DET ital-2309 57 4 finding finding NOUN ital-2309 57 5 is be AUX ital-2309 57 6 important important ADJ ital-2309 57 7 to to ADP ital-2309 57 8 the the DET ital-2309 57 9 contexts context NOUN ital-2309 57 10 of of ADP ital-2309 57 11 where where SCONJ ital-2309 57 12 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 57 13 are be AUX ital-2309 57 14 located locate VERB ital-2309 57 15 . . PUNCT ital-2309 58 1 jargowsky jargowsky PROPN ital-2309 58 2 writes write VERB ital-2309 58 3 of of ADP ital-2309 58 4 similar similar ADJ ital-2309 58 5 findings.25 findings.25 NOUN ital-2309 58 6 like like ADP ital-2309 58 7 de de PROPN ital-2309 58 8 souza souza PROPN ital-2309 58 9 briggs briggs PROPN ital-2309 58 10 , , PUNCT ital-2309 58 11 jargowsky jargowsky PROPN ital-2309 58 12 focuses focus VERB ital-2309 58 13 on on ADP ital-2309 58 14 the the DET ital-2309 58 15 role role NOUN ital-2309 58 16 that that PRON ital-2309 58 17 geography geography NOUN ital-2309 58 18 plays play VERB ital-2309 58 19 in in ADP ital-2309 58 20 terms term NOUN ital-2309 58 21 of of ADP ital-2309 58 22 neighborhood neighborhood NOUN ital-2309 58 23 and and CCONJ ital-2309 58 24 poverty poverty NOUN ital-2309 58 25 . . PUNCT ital-2309 59 1 jargowsky jargowsky PROPN ital-2309 59 2 even even ADV ital-2309 59 3 finds find VERB ital-2309 59 4 social social ADJ ital-2309 59 5 characteristics characteristic NOUN ital-2309 59 6 of of ADP ital-2309 59 7 these these DET ital-2309 59 8 neighborhoods neighborhood NOUN ital-2309 59 9 : : PUNCT ital-2309 59 10 there there PRON ital-2309 59 11 is be VERB ital-2309 59 12 a a DET ital-2309 59 13 higher high ADJ ital-2309 59 14 prevalence prevalence NOUN ital-2309 59 15 of of ADP ital-2309 59 16 single single ADJ ital-2309 59 17 - - PUNCT ital-2309 59 18 parent parent NOUN ital-2309 59 19 families family NOUN ital-2309 59 20 , , PUNCT ital-2309 59 21 lower low ADJ ital-2309 59 22 educational educational ADJ ital-2309 59 23 attainment attainment NOUN ital-2309 59 24 , , PUNCT ital-2309 59 25 a a DET ital-2309 59 26 higher high ADJ ital-2309 59 27 level level NOUN ital-2309 59 28 of of ADP ital-2309 59 29 dropouts dropout NOUN ital-2309 59 30 , , PUNCT ital-2309 59 31 and and CCONJ ital-2309 59 32 more more ADJ ital-2309 59 33 children child NOUN ital-2309 59 34 living live VERB ital-2309 59 35 in in ADP ital-2309 59 36 poverty poverty NOUN ital-2309 59 37 . . PUNCT ital-2309 60 1 important important ADJ ital-2309 60 2 here here ADV ital-2309 60 3 , , PUNCT ital-2309 60 4 though though ADV ital-2309 60 5 , , PUNCT ital-2309 60 6 is be AUX ital-2309 60 7 that that SCONJ ital-2309 60 8 all all DET ital-2309 60 9 such such ADJ ital-2309 60 10 characteristics characteristic NOUN ital-2309 60 11 can can AUX ital-2309 60 12 be be AUX ital-2309 60 13 displayed display VERB ital-2309 60 14 geographically geographically ADV ital-2309 60 15 , , PUNCT ital-2309 60 16 which which PRON ital-2309 60 17 means mean VERB ital-2309 60 18 that that SCONJ ital-2309 60 19 varying vary VERB ital-2309 60 20 housing housing NOUN ital-2309 60 21 , , PUNCT ital-2309 60 22 economic economic ADJ ital-2309 60 23 , , PUNCT ital-2309 60 24 and and CCONJ ital-2309 60 25 social social ADJ ital-2309 60 26 conditions condition NOUN ital-2309 60 27 can can AUX ital-2309 60 28 be be AUX ital-2309 60 29 displayed display VERB ital-2309 60 30 with with ADP ital-2309 60 31 library library NOUN ital-2309 60 32 locations location NOUN ital-2309 60 33 . . PUNCT ital-2309 61 1 soja soja NOUN ital-2309 61 2 goes go VERB ital-2309 61 3 beyond beyond ADP ital-2309 61 4 the the DET ital-2309 61 5 geographic geographic ADJ ital-2309 61 6 analysis analysis NOUN ital-2309 61 7 offered offer VERB ital-2309 61 8 by by ADP ital-2309 61 9 de de PROPN ital-2309 61 10 souza souza PROPN ital-2309 61 11 briggs briggs PROPN ital-2309 61 12 and and CCONJ ital-2309 61 13 jargowsky jargowsky PROPN ital-2309 61 14 and and CCONJ ital-2309 61 15 writes write VERB ital-2309 61 16 that that SCONJ ital-2309 61 17 space space NOUN ital-2309 61 18 should should AUX ital-2309 61 19 be be AUX ital-2309 61 20 applied apply VERB ital-2309 61 21 to to ADP ital-2309 61 22 contemporary contemporary ADJ ital-2309 61 23 social social ADJ ital-2309 61 24 theory.26 theory.26 NOUN ital-2309 61 25 soja soja NOUN ital-2309 61 26 found find VERB ital-2309 61 27 that that SCONJ ital-2309 61 28 spatiality spatiality NOUN ital-2309 61 29 should should AUX ital-2309 61 30 be be AUX ital-2309 61 31 used use VERB ital-2309 61 32 in in ADP ital-2309 61 33 terms term NOUN ital-2309 61 34 of of ADP ital-2309 61 35 critical critical ADJ ital-2309 61 36 human human ADJ ital-2309 61 37 geography geography NOUN ital-2309 61 38 to to PART ital-2309 61 39 advance advance VERB ital-2309 61 40 a a DET ital-2309 61 41 theory theory NOUN ital-2309 61 42 of of ADP ital-2309 61 43 justice justice NOUN ital-2309 61 44 on on ADP ital-2309 61 45 multiple multiple ADJ ital-2309 61 46 levels level NOUN ital-2309 61 47 . . PUNCT ital-2309 62 1 he he PRON ital-2309 62 2 writes write VERB ital-2309 62 3 that that SCONJ ital-2309 62 4 injustice injustice NOUN ital-2309 62 5 is be AUX ital-2309 62 6 spatially spatially ADV ital-2309 62 7 construed construe VERB ital-2309 62 8 and and CCONJ ital-2309 62 9 that that SCONJ ital-2309 62 10 this this DET ital-2309 62 11 spatiality spatiality NOUN ital-2309 62 12 shapes shape VERB ital-2309 62 13 social social ADJ ital-2309 62 14 injustice injustice NOUN ital-2309 62 15 as as ADV ital-2309 62 16 much much ADV ital-2309 62 17 as as SCONJ ital-2309 62 18 social social ADJ ital-2309 62 19 injustice injustice NOUN ital-2309 62 20 shapes shape VERB ital-2309 62 21 a a DET ital-2309 62 22 specific specific ADJ ital-2309 62 23 geography geography NOUN ital-2309 62 24 . . PUNCT ital-2309 63 1 this this DET ital-2309 63 2 understanding understanding NOUN ital-2309 63 3 , , PUNCT ital-2309 63 4 then then ADV ital-2309 63 5 , , PUNCT ital-2309 63 6 shapes shape VERB ital-2309 63 7 how how SCONJ ital-2309 63 8 i i PRON ital-2309 63 9 approach approach VERB ital-2309 63 10 the the DET ital-2309 63 11 study study NOUN ital-2309 63 12 of of ADP ital-2309 63 13 new new ADJ ital-2309 63 14 media medium NOUN ital-2309 63 15 literacies literacy NOUN ital-2309 63 16 as as SCONJ ital-2309 63 17 influenced influence VERB ital-2309 63 18 by by ADP ital-2309 63 19 cultural cultural ADJ ital-2309 63 20 and and CCONJ ital-2309 63 21 social social ADJ ital-2309 63 22 factors factor NOUN ital-2309 63 23 . . PUNCT ital-2309 64 1 these these DET ital-2309 64 2 factors factor NOUN ital-2309 64 3 are be AUX ital-2309 64 4 particularly particularly ADV ital-2309 64 5 prevalent prevalent ADJ ital-2309 64 6 in in ADP ital-2309 64 7 the the DET ital-2309 64 8 st st PROPN ital-2309 64 9 . . PROPN ital-2309 64 10 louis louis PROPN ital-2309 64 11 , , PUNCT ital-2309 64 12 missouri missouri PROPN ital-2309 64 13 , , PUNCT ital-2309 64 14 area area NOUN ital-2309 64 15 . . PUNCT ital-2309 65 1 colin colin PROPN ital-2309 65 2 gordon gordon PROPN ital-2309 65 3 reiterates reiterate VERB ital-2309 65 4 the the DET ital-2309 65 5 arguments argument NOUN ital-2309 65 6 of of ADP ital-2309 65 7 lefbvre lefbvre NOUN ital-2309 65 8 jargowsky jargowsky PROPN ital-2309 65 9 and and CCONJ ital-2309 65 10 de de ADP ital-2309 65 11 souza souza PROPN ital-2309 65 12 briggs briggs PROPN ital-2309 65 13 in in ADP ital-2309 65 14 arguing argue VERB ital-2309 65 15 that that SCONJ ital-2309 65 16 st st PROPN ital-2309 65 17 . . PROPN ital-2309 65 18 louis louis PROPN ital-2309 65 19 is be AUX ital-2309 65 20 a a DET ital-2309 65 21 city city NOUN ital-2309 65 22 in in ADP ital-2309 65 23 decline.27 decline.27 NOUN ital-2309 65 24 by by ADP ital-2309 65 25 providing provide VERB ital-2309 65 26 maps map NOUN ital-2309 65 27 that that PRON ital-2309 65 28 project project NOUN ital-2309 65 29 housing housing NOUN ital-2309 65 30 policies policy NOUN ital-2309 65 31 , , PUNCT ital-2309 65 32 gordon gordon PROPN ital-2309 65 33 is be AUX ital-2309 65 34 able able ADJ ital-2309 65 35 to to PART ital-2309 65 36 provide provide VERB ital-2309 65 37 a a DET ital-2309 65 38 clear clear ADJ ital-2309 65 39 link link NOUN ital-2309 65 40 between between ADP ital-2309 65 41 historical historical ADJ ital-2309 65 42 housing housing NOUN ital-2309 65 43 policies policy NOUN ital-2309 65 44 such such ADJ ital-2309 65 45 as as ADP ital-2309 65 46 racial racial ADJ ital-2309 65 47 covenants covenant NOUN ital-2309 65 48 and and CCONJ ital-2309 65 49 current current ADJ ital-2309 65 50 urban urban ADJ ital-2309 65 51 decline decline NOUN ital-2309 65 52 . . PUNCT ital-2309 66 1 gordon gordon PROPN ital-2309 66 2 is be AUX ital-2309 66 3 able able ADJ ital-2309 66 4 to to PART ital-2309 66 5 show show VERB ital-2309 66 6 that that SCONJ ital-2309 66 7 vast vast ADJ ital-2309 66 8 populations population NOUN ital-2309 66 9 are be AUX ital-2309 66 10 moving move VERB ital-2309 66 11 out out ADP ital-2309 66 12 of of ADP ital-2309 66 13 st st PROPN ital-2309 66 14 . . PROPN ital-2309 66 15 louis louis PROPN ital-2309 66 16 city city PROPN ital-2309 66 17 and and CCONJ ital-2309 66 18 into into ADP ital-2309 66 19 the the DET ital-2309 66 20 county county NOUN ital-2309 66 21 , , PUNCT ital-2309 66 22 resulting result VERB ital-2309 66 23 in in ADP ital-2309 66 24 a a DET ital-2309 66 25 concentration concentration NOUN ital-2309 66 26 of of ADP ital-2309 66 27 minority minority NOUN ital-2309 66 28 populations population NOUN ital-2309 66 29 in in ADP ital-2309 66 30 the the DET ital-2309 66 31 northern northern ADJ ital-2309 66 32 part part NOUN ital-2309 66 33 of of ADP ital-2309 66 34 the the DET ital-2309 66 35 city city NOUN ital-2309 66 36 . . PUNCT ital-2309 67 1 gordon gordon PROPN ital-2309 67 2 argues argue VERB ital-2309 67 3 that that SCONJ ital-2309 67 4 the the DET ital-2309 67 5 policies policy NOUN ital-2309 67 6 and and CCONJ ital-2309 67 7 programs program NOUN ital-2309 67 8 offered offer VERB ital-2309 67 9 by by ADP ital-2309 67 10 st st PROPN ital-2309 67 11 . . PROPN ital-2309 67 12 louis louis PROPN ital-2309 67 13 city city PROPN ital-2309 67 14 have have AUX ital-2309 67 15 only only ADV ital-2309 67 16 exacerbated exacerbate VERB ital-2309 67 17 the the DET ital-2309 67 18 problem problem NOUN ital-2309 67 19 and and CCONJ ital-2309 67 20 led lead VERB ital-2309 67 21 to to ADP ital-2309 67 22 greater great ADJ ital-2309 67 23 blight.28 blight.28 NOUN ital-2309 67 24 in in ADP ital-2309 67 25 terms term NOUN ital-2309 67 26 of of ADP ital-2309 67 27 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 67 28 , , PUNCT ital-2309 67 29 morrell morrell PROPN ital-2309 67 30 makes make VERB ital-2309 67 31 the the DET ital-2309 67 32 most most ADV ital-2309 67 33 explicit explicit ADJ ital-2309 67 34 connection connection NOUN ital-2309 67 35 between between ADP ital-2309 67 36 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 67 37 and and CCONJ ital-2309 67 38 mapping mapping NOUN ital-2309 67 39 with with ADP ital-2309 67 40 a a DET ital-2309 67 41 study study NOUN ital-2309 67 42 that that PRON ital-2309 67 43 used use VERB ital-2309 67 44 a a DET ital-2309 67 45 community community NOUN ital-2309 67 46 - - PUNCT ital-2309 67 47 asset asset NOUN ital-2309 67 48 mapping mapping NOUN ital-2309 67 49 activity activity NOUN ital-2309 67 50 to to PART ital-2309 67 51 make make VERB ital-2309 67 52 the the DET ital-2309 67 53 argument argument NOUN ital-2309 67 54 that that SCONJ ital-2309 67 55 teachers teacher NOUN ital-2309 67 56 need need VERB ital-2309 67 57 to to PART ital-2309 67 58 make make VERB ital-2309 67 59 an an DET ital-2309 67 60 explicit explicit ADJ ital-2309 67 61 connection connection NOUN ital-2309 67 62 between between ADP ital-2309 67 63 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 67 64 at at ADP ital-2309 67 65 school school NOUN ital-2309 67 66 and and CCONJ ital-2309 67 67 the the DET ital-2309 67 68 new new ADJ ital-2309 67 69 literacies literacy NOUN ital-2309 67 70 experienced experience VERB ital-2309 67 71 in in ADP ital-2309 67 72 the the DET ital-2309 67 73 community.29 community.29 PROPN ital-2309 67 74 the the DET ital-2309 67 75 significance significance NOUN ital-2309 67 76 of of ADP ital-2309 67 77 this this PRON ital-2309 67 78 is be AUX ital-2309 67 79 that that SCONJ ital-2309 67 80 gis gis PROPN ital-2309 67 81 can can AUX ital-2309 67 82 be be AUX ital-2309 67 83 used use VERB ital-2309 67 84 to to PART ital-2309 67 85 illuminate illuminate VERB ital-2309 67 86 the the DET ital-2309 67 87 social social ADJ ital-2309 67 88 and and CCONJ ital-2309 67 89 economic economic ADJ ital-2309 67 90 contexts context NOUN ital-2309 67 91 of of ADP ital-2309 67 92 new new ADJ ital-2309 67 93 media medium NOUN ital-2309 67 94 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 67 95 opportunities opportunity NOUN ital-2309 67 96 as as ADV ital-2309 67 97 well well ADV ital-2309 67 98 , , PUNCT ital-2309 67 99 which which PRON ital-2309 67 100 in in ADP ital-2309 67 101 turn turn NOUN ital-2309 67 102 could could AUX ital-2309 67 103 help help VERB ital-2309 67 104 inform inform VERB ital-2309 67 105 social social ADJ ital-2309 67 106 dialogue dialogue NOUN ital-2309 67 107 about about ADP ital-2309 67 108 the the DET ital-2309 67 109 availability availability NOUN ital-2309 67 110 of of ADP ital-2309 67 111 and and CCONJ ital-2309 67 112 access access NOUN ital-2309 67 113 to to ADP ital-2309 67 114 informal informal ADJ ital-2309 67 115 education education NOUN ital-2309 67 116 opportunities opportunity NOUN ital-2309 67 117 for for ADP ital-2309 67 118 new new ADJ ital-2309 67 119 media medium NOUN ital-2309 67 120 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 67 121 . . PUNCT ital-2309 68 1 social social ADJ ital-2309 68 2 contexts context NOUN ital-2309 68 3 of of ADP ital-2309 68 4 new new ADJ ital-2309 68 5 media medium NOUN ital-2309 68 6 literacies literacy NOUN ital-2309 68 7 : : PUNCT ital-2309 68 8 mapping map VERB ital-2309 68 9 libraries| libraries| ADJ ital-2309 68 10 thorne thorne NOUN ital-2309 68 11 - - PUNCT ital-2309 68 12 wallington wallington PROPN ital-2309 68 13 57 57 NUM ital-2309 68 14 methods method NOUN ital-2309 68 15 and and CCONJ ital-2309 68 16 data datum NOUN ital-2309 68 17 the the DET ital-2309 68 18 gis gis PROPN ital-2309 68 19 analysis analysis NOUN ital-2309 68 20 performed perform VERB ital-2309 68 21 here here ADV ital-2309 68 22 concerns concern VERB ital-2309 68 23 library library NOUN ital-2309 68 24 locations location NOUN ital-2309 68 25 in in ADP ital-2309 68 26 the the DET ital-2309 68 27 st st PROPN ital-2309 68 28 . . PROPN ital-2309 68 29 louis louis PROPN ital-2309 68 30 metropolitan metropolitan PROPN ital-2309 68 31 area area NOUN ital-2309 68 32 , , PUNCT ital-2309 68 33 including include VERB ital-2309 68 34 st st PROPN ital-2309 68 35 . . PROPN ital-2309 68 36 louis louis PROPN ital-2309 68 37 city city PROPN ital-2309 68 38 and and CCONJ ital-2309 68 39 st st PROPN ital-2309 68 40 . . PROPN ital-2309 68 41 louis louis PROPN ital-2309 68 42 county county PROPN ital-2309 68 43 . . PUNCT ital-2309 69 1 the the DET ital-2309 69 2 st st PROPN ital-2309 69 3 . . PROPN ital-2309 69 4 louis louis PROPN ital-2309 69 5 metropolitan metropolitan PROPN ital-2309 69 6 area area NOUN ital-2309 69 7 was be AUX ital-2309 69 8 chosen choose VERB ital-2309 69 9 because because SCONJ ital-2309 69 10 of of ADP ital-2309 69 11 past past ADJ ital-2309 69 12 research research NOUN ital-2309 69 13 mapping map VERB ital-2309 69 14 the the DET ital-2309 69 15 segregation segregation NOUN ital-2309 69 16 of of ADP ital-2309 69 17 the the DET ital-2309 69 18 city city NOUN ital-2309 69 19 , , PUNCT ital-2309 69 20 largely largely ADV ital-2309 69 21 because because SCONJ ital-2309 69 22 the the DET ital-2309 69 23 city city NOUN ital-2309 69 24 and and CCONJ ital-2309 69 25 county county NOUN ital-2309 69 26 are be AUX ital-2309 69 27 so so ADV ital-2309 69 28 clearly clearly ADV ital-2309 69 29 segregated segregate VERB ital-2309 69 30 racially racially ADV ital-2309 69 31 and and CCONJ ital-2309 69 32 economically economically ADV ital-2309 69 33 along along ADP ital-2309 69 34 the the DET ital-2309 69 35 north north NOUN ital-2309 69 36 – – PUNCT ital-2309 69 37 south south NOUN ital-2309 69 38 line line NOUN ital-2309 69 39 . . PUNCT ital-2309 70 1 this this DET ital-2309 70 2 segregation segregation NOUN ital-2309 70 3 is be AUX ital-2309 70 4 striking strike VERB ital-2309 70 5 when when SCONJ ital-2309 70 6 displayed display VERB ital-2309 70 7 geographically geographically ADV ital-2309 70 8 and and CCONJ ital-2309 70 9 illuminating illuminate VERB ital-2309 70 10 when when SCONJ ital-2309 70 11 mapped map VERB ital-2309 70 12 with with ADP ital-2309 70 13 library library NOUN ital-2309 70 14 location location NOUN ital-2309 70 15 . . PUNCT ital-2309 71 1 maps map NOUN ital-2309 71 2 were be AUX ital-2309 71 3 created create VERB ital-2309 71 4 using use VERB ital-2309 71 5 tiger tiger NOUN ital-2309 71 6 files file NOUN ital-2309 71 7 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 71 8 www.census.gov/geo/maps-data/data/tiger.html www.census.gov/geo/maps-data/data/tiger.html PROPN ital-2309 71 9 ) ) PUNCT ital-2309 71 10 and and CCONJ ital-2309 71 11 us us PROPN ital-2309 71 12 census census NOUN ital-2309 71 13 data datum NOUN ital-2309 71 14 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 71 15 http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/nav/jsf/pages/index.xhtml http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/nav/jsf/pages/index.xhtml X ital-2309 71 16 ) ) PUNCT ital-2309 71 17 , , PUNCT ital-2309 71 18 both both CCONJ ital-2309 71 19 freely freely ADV ital-2309 71 20 available available ADJ ital-2309 71 21 to to ADP ital-2309 71 22 the the DET ital-2309 71 23 public public NOUN ital-2309 71 24 via via ADP ital-2309 71 25 internet internet NOUN ital-2309 71 26 download download NOUN ital-2309 71 27 . . PUNCT ital-2309 72 1 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 72 2 were be AUX ital-2309 72 3 identified identify VERB ital-2309 72 4 using use VERB ital-2309 72 5 the the DET ital-2309 72 6 st st PROPN ital-2309 72 7 . . PROPN ital-2309 72 8 louis louis PROPN ital-2309 72 9 city city PROPN ital-2309 72 10 library library PROPN ital-2309 72 11 ’s ’s PART ital-2309 72 12 “ " PUNCT ital-2309 72 13 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 72 14 & & CCONJ ital-2309 72 15 hours hour NOUN ital-2309 72 16 ” " PUNCT ital-2309 72 17 webpage webpage NOUN ital-2309 72 18 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 72 19 www.slpl.org/slpl/library/article240098545.asp www.slpl.org/slpl/library/article240098545.asp PROPN ital-2309 72 20 ) ) PUNCT ital-2309 72 21 , , PUNCT ital-2309 72 22 the the DET ital-2309 72 23 st st PROPN ital-2309 72 24 . . PROPN ital-2309 72 25 louis louis PROPN ital-2309 72 26 county county PROPN ital-2309 72 27 library library PROPN ital-2309 72 28 “ " PUNCT ital-2309 72 29 locations location NOUN ital-2309 72 30 & & CCONJ ital-2309 72 31 hours hour NOUN ital-2309 72 32 ” " PUNCT ital-2309 72 33 webpage webpage NOUN ital-2309 72 34 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 72 35 www.slcl.org/about/hours_and_locations www.slcl.org/about/hours_and_location NOUN ital-2309 72 36 ) ) PUNCT ital-2309 72 37 , , PUNCT ital-2309 72 38 google google PROPN ital-2309 72 39 maps maps PROPN ital-2309 72 40 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 72 41 www.maps.google.com www.maps.google.com X ital-2309 72 42 ) ) PUNCT ital-2309 72 43 , , PUNCT ital-2309 72 44 and and CCONJ ital-2309 72 45 the the DET ital-2309 72 46 yellow yellow ADJ ital-2309 72 47 pages page NOUN ital-2309 72 48 for for ADP ital-2309 72 49 the the DET ital-2309 72 50 st st PROPN ital-2309 72 51 . . PROPN ital-2309 72 52 louis louis PROPN ital-2309 72 53 metropolitan metropolitan PROPN ital-2309 72 54 area area PROPN ital-2309 72 55 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 72 56 www.yellowpages.com www.yellowpages.com PROPN ital-2309 72 57 ) ) PUNCT ital-2309 72 58 . . PUNCT ital-2309 73 1 the the DET ital-2309 73 2 address address NOUN ital-2309 73 3 of of ADP ital-2309 73 4 each each DET ital-2309 73 5 library library NOUN ital-2309 73 6 was be AUX ital-2309 73 7 entered enter VERB ital-2309 73 8 into into ADP ital-2309 73 9 itouchmap itouchmap PROPN ital-2309 73 10 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 73 11 http://itouchmap.com http://itouchmap.com PROPN ital-2309 73 12 ) ) PUNCT ital-2309 73 13 to to PART ital-2309 73 14 indentify indentify VERB ital-2309 73 15 the the DET ital-2309 73 16 latitude latitude NOUN ital-2309 73 17 and and CCONJ ital-2309 73 18 longitude longitude NOUN ital-2309 73 19 of of ADP ital-2309 73 20 the the DET ital-2309 73 21 library library NOUN ital-2309 73 22 . . PUNCT ital-2309 74 1 a a DET ital-2309 74 2 spreadsheet spreadsheet NOUN ital-2309 74 3 containing contain VERB ital-2309 74 4 this this DET ital-2309 74 5 information information NOUN ital-2309 74 6 was be AUX ital-2309 74 7 then then ADV ital-2309 74 8 loaded load VERB ital-2309 74 9 into into ADP ital-2309 74 10 the the DET ital-2309 74 11 gis gis PROPN ital-2309 74 12 software software NOUN ital-2309 74 13 and and CCONJ ital-2309 74 14 displayed display VERB ital-2309 74 15 as as ADP ital-2309 74 16 x x ADP ital-2309 74 17 – – PUNCT ital-2309 74 18 y y PROPN ital-2309 74 19 data data PROPN ital-2309 74 20 . . PUNCT ital-2309 75 1 the the DET ital-2309 75 2 maps map NOUN ital-2309 75 3 were be AUX ital-2309 75 4 then then ADV ital-2309 75 5 displayed display VERB ital-2309 75 6 using use VERB ital-2309 75 7 median median ADJ ital-2309 75 8 household household NOUN ital-2309 75 9 income income NOUN ital-2309 75 10 , , PUNCT ital-2309 75 11 african african ADJ ital-2309 75 12 american american ADJ ital-2309 75 13 population population NOUN ital-2309 75 14 , , PUNCT ital-2309 75 15 and and CCONJ ital-2309 75 16 latino latino ADJ ital-2309 75 17 and and CCONJ ital-2309 75 18 hispanic hispanic ADJ ital-2309 75 19 population population NOUN ital-2309 75 20 as as SCONJ ital-2309 75 21 obtained obtain VERB ital-2309 75 22 from from ADP ital-2309 75 23 the the DET ital-2309 75 24 us us PROPN ital-2309 75 25 census census NOUN ital-2309 75 26 at at ADP ital-2309 75 27 census census NOUN ital-2309 75 28 tract tract NOUN ital-2309 75 29 level level NOUN ital-2309 75 30 . . PUNCT ital-2309 76 1 for for ADP ital-2309 76 2 median median ADJ ital-2309 76 3 household household NOUN ital-2309 76 4 income income NOUN ital-2309 76 5 , , PUNCT ital-2309 76 6 the the DET ital-2309 76 7 data datum NOUN ital-2309 76 8 was be AUX ital-2309 76 9 from from ADP ital-2309 76 10 1999 1999 NUM ital-2309 76 11 . . PUNCT ital-2309 77 1 for for ADP ital-2309 77 2 all all DET ital-2309 77 3 other other ADJ ital-2309 77 4 census census NOUN ital-2309 77 5 data datum NOUN ital-2309 77 6 , , PUNCT ital-2309 77 7 the the DET ital-2309 77 8 year year NOUN ital-2309 77 9 was be AUX ital-2309 77 10 2010 2010 NUM ital-2309 77 11 . . PUNCT ital-2309 78 1 for for ADP ital-2309 78 2 district district NOUN ital-2309 78 3 - - PUNCT ital-2309 78 4 level level NOUN ital-2309 78 5 data datum NOUN ital-2309 78 6 , , PUNCT ital-2309 78 7 communication communication NOUN ital-2309 78 8 arts art NOUN ital-2309 78 9 data datum NOUN ital-2309 78 10 from from ADP ital-2309 78 11 the the DET ital-2309 78 12 missouri missouri PROPN ital-2309 78 13 department department PROPN ital-2309 78 14 of of ADP ital-2309 78 15 elementary elementary PROPN ital-2309 78 16 and and CCONJ ital-2309 78 17 secondary secondary ADJ ital-2309 78 18 education education NOUN ital-2309 78 19 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 78 20 modese modese PROPN ital-2309 78 21 ) ) PUNCT ital-2309 78 22 website website NOUN ital-2309 78 23 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 78 24 http://dese.mo.gov/dsm http://dese.mo.gov/dsm NOUN ital-2309 78 25 ) ) PUNCT ital-2309 78 26 , , PUNCT ital-2309 78 27 was be AUX ital-2309 78 28 entered enter VERB ital-2309 78 29 into into ADP ital-2309 78 30 microsoft microsoft PROPN ital-2309 78 31 excel excel PROPN ital-2309 78 32 , , PUNCT ital-2309 78 33 and and CCONJ ital-2309 78 34 then then ADV ital-2309 78 35 displayed display VERB ital-2309 78 36 on on ADP ital-2309 78 37 the the DET ital-2309 78 38 maps map NOUN ital-2309 78 39 . . PUNCT ital-2309 79 1 the the DET ital-2309 79 2 data data NOUN ital-2309 79 3 is be AUX ital-2309 79 4 district district NOUN ital-2309 79 5 level level NOUN ital-2309 79 6 , , PUNCT ital-2309 79 7 representing represent VERB ital-2309 79 8 all all DET ital-2309 79 9 grades grade NOUN ital-2309 79 10 tested test VERB ital-2309 79 11 for for ADP ital-2309 79 12 communication communication NOUN ital-2309 79 13 arts art NOUN ital-2309 79 14 across across ADP ital-2309 79 15 all all DET ital-2309 79 16 district district NOUN ital-2309 79 17 schools school NOUN ital-2309 79 18 . . PUNCT ital-2309 80 1 the the DET ital-2309 80 2 modese modese PROPN ital-2309 80 3 data datum NOUN ital-2309 80 4 was be AUX ital-2309 80 5 from from ADP ital-2309 80 6 2008 2008 NUM ital-2309 80 7 , , PUNCT ital-2309 80 8 the the DET ital-2309 80 9 most most ADV ital-2309 80 10 recent recent ADJ ital-2309 80 11 year year NOUN ital-2309 80 12 available available ADJ ital-2309 80 13 at at ADP ital-2309 80 14 the the DET ital-2309 80 15 time time NOUN ital-2309 80 16 the the DET ital-2309 80 17 analysis analysis NOUN ital-2309 80 18 was be AUX ital-2309 80 19 performed perform VERB ital-2309 80 20 . . PUNCT ital-2309 81 1 the the DET ital-2309 81 2 communication communication NOUN ital-2309 81 3 arts art NOUN ital-2309 81 4 data datum NOUN ital-2309 81 5 was be AUX ital-2309 81 6 taken take VERB ital-2309 81 7 from from ADP ital-2309 81 8 the the DET ital-2309 81 9 missouri missouri PROPN ital-2309 81 10 assessment assessment NOUN ital-2309 81 11 program program NOUN ital-2309 81 12 test test NOUN ital-2309 81 13 . . PUNCT ital-2309 82 1 this this DET ital-2309 82 2 test test NOUN ital-2309 82 3 is be AUX ital-2309 82 4 given give VERB ital-2309 82 5 yearly yearly ADV ital-2309 82 6 across across ADP ital-2309 82 7 the the DET ital-2309 82 8 state state NOUN ital-2309 82 9 to to ADP ital-2309 82 10 all all DET ital-2309 82 11 public public ADJ ital-2309 82 12 school school NOUN ital-2309 82 13 students student NOUN ital-2309 82 14 . . PUNCT ital-2309 83 1 the the DET ital-2309 83 2 state state NOUN ital-2309 83 3 then then ADV ital-2309 83 4 collects collect VERB ital-2309 83 5 the the DET ital-2309 83 6 data datum NOUN ital-2309 83 7 and and CCONJ ital-2309 83 8 makes make VERB ital-2309 83 9 it it PRON ital-2309 83 10 available available ADJ ital-2309 83 11 at at ADP ital-2309 83 12 the the DET ital-2309 83 13 state state NOUN ital-2309 83 14 , , PUNCT ital-2309 83 15 district district NOUN ital-2309 83 16 , , PUNCT ital-2309 83 17 and and CCONJ ital-2309 83 18 school school NOUN ital-2309 83 19 level level NOUN ital-2309 83 20 . . PUNCT ital-2309 84 1 the the DET ital-2309 84 2 data datum NOUN ital-2309 84 3 used use VERB ital-2309 84 4 here here ADV ital-2309 84 5 is be AUX ital-2309 84 6 district district NOUN ital-2309 84 7 - - PUNCT ital-2309 84 8 level level NOUN ital-2309 84 9 data datum NOUN ital-2309 84 10 . . PUNCT ital-2309 85 1 scores score NOUN ital-2309 85 2 are be AUX ital-2309 85 3 broken break VERB ital-2309 85 4 into into ADP ital-2309 85 5 four four NUM ital-2309 85 6 categories category NOUN ital-2309 85 7 : : PUNCT ital-2309 85 8 advanced advanced ADJ ital-2309 85 9 , , PUNCT ital-2309 85 10 proficient proficient ADJ ital-2309 85 11 , , PUNCT ital-2309 85 12 basic basic ADJ ital-2309 85 13 , , PUNCT ital-2309 85 14 and and CCONJ ital-2309 85 15 below below ADP ital-2309 85 16 basic basic ADJ ital-2309 85 17 . . PUNCT ital-2309 86 1 the the DET ital-2309 86 2 groups group NOUN ital-2309 86 3 for for ADP ital-2309 86 4 proficient proficient ADJ ital-2309 86 5 and and CCONJ ital-2309 86 6 advanced advanced ADJ ital-2309 86 7 were be AUX ital-2309 86 8 combined combine VERB ital-2309 86 9 to to PART ital-2309 86 10 indicate indicate VERB ital-2309 86 11 the the DET ital-2309 86 12 district district NOUN ital-2309 86 13 ’s ’s PART ital-2309 86 14 success success NOUN ital-2309 86 15 on on ADP ital-2309 86 16 the the DET ital-2309 86 17 map map NOUN ital-2309 86 18 test test NOUN ital-2309 86 19 . . PUNCT ital-2309 87 1 these these PRON ital-2309 87 2 are be AUX ital-2309 87 3 the the DET ital-2309 87 4 two two NUM ital-2309 87 5 levels level NOUN ital-2309 87 6 generally generally ADV ital-2309 87 7 considered consider VERB ital-2309 87 8 acceptable acceptable ADJ ital-2309 87 9 or or CCONJ ital-2309 87 10 passing pass VERB ital-2309 87 11 by by ADP ital-2309 87 12 the the DET ital-2309 87 13 state.30 state.30 NOUN ital-2309 87 14 before before ADP ital-2309 87 15 looking look VERB ital-2309 87 16 at at ADP ital-2309 87 17 patterns pattern NOUN ital-2309 87 18 of of ADP ital-2309 87 19 library library NOUN ital-2309 87 20 location location NOUN ital-2309 87 21 and and CCONJ ital-2309 87 22 these these DET ital-2309 87 23 socioeconomic socioeconomic ADJ ital-2309 87 24 and and CCONJ ital-2309 87 25 educational educational ADJ ital-2309 87 26 factors factor NOUN ital-2309 87 27 , , PUNCT ital-2309 87 28 density density NOUN ital-2309 87 29 analysis analysis NOUN ital-2309 87 30 was be AUX ital-2309 87 31 performed perform VERB ital-2309 87 32 on on ADP ital-2309 87 33 the the DET ital-2309 87 34 library library NOUN ital-2309 87 35 locations location NOUN ital-2309 87 36 using use VERB ital-2309 87 37 esri esri ADJ ital-2309 87 38 arcgis arcgis ADJ ital-2309 87 39 software software NOUN ital-2309 87 40 , , PUNCT ital-2309 87 41 version version NOUN ital-2309 87 42 9.0 9.0 NUM ital-2309 87 43 , , PUNCT ital-2309 87 44 to to PART ital-2309 87 45 analyze analyze VERB ital-2309 87 46 whether whether SCONJ ital-2309 87 47 clustering clustering NOUN ital-2309 87 48 was be AUX ital-2309 87 49 statistically statistically ADV ital-2309 87 50 significant significant ADJ ital-2309 87 51 . . PUNCT ital-2309 88 1 this this DET ital-2309 88 2 analysis analysis NOUN ital-2309 88 3 was be AUX ital-2309 88 4 used use VERB ital-2309 88 5 to to PART ital-2309 88 6 demonstrate demonstrate VERB ital-2309 88 7 whether whether SCONJ ital-2309 88 8 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 88 9 were be AUX ital-2309 88 10 clustered cluster VERB ital-2309 88 11 in in ADP ital-2309 88 12 a a DET ital-2309 88 13 statistically statistically ADV ital-2309 88 14 significant significant ADJ ital-2309 88 15 pattern pattern NOUN ital-2309 88 16 , , PUNCT ital-2309 88 17 or or CCONJ ital-2309 88 18 if if SCONJ ital-2309 88 19 location location NOUN ital-2309 88 20 was be AUX ital-2309 88 21 random random ADJ ital-2309 88 22 . . PUNCT ital-2309 89 1 the the DET ital-2309 89 2 nearest near ADJ ital-2309 89 3 neighbor neighbor NOUN ital-2309 89 4 tool tool NOUN ital-2309 89 5 of of ADP ital-2309 89 6 arcgis arcgis PROPN ital-2309 89 7 was be AUX ital-2309 89 8 used use VERB ital-2309 89 9 to to PART ital-2309 89 10 determine determine VERB ital-2309 89 11 if if SCONJ ital-2309 89 12 a a DET ital-2309 89 13 set set NOUN ital-2309 89 14 of of ADP ital-2309 89 15 features feature NOUN ital-2309 89 16 , , PUNCT ital-2309 89 17 in in ADP ital-2309 89 18 this this DET ital-2309 89 19 case case NOUN ital-2309 89 20 the the DET ital-2309 89 21 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 89 22 , , PUNCT ital-2309 89 23 shows show VERB ital-2309 89 24 a a DET ital-2309 89 25 statistically statistically ADV ital-2309 89 26 significant significant ADJ ital-2309 89 27 level level NOUN ital-2309 89 28 of of ADP ital-2309 89 29 clustering clustering NOUN ital-2309 89 30 . . PUNCT ital-2309 90 1 this this PRON ital-2309 90 2 was be AUX ital-2309 90 3 done do VERB ital-2309 90 4 by by ADP ital-2309 90 5 measuring measure VERB ital-2309 90 6 the the DET ital-2309 90 7 distance distance NOUN ital-2309 90 8 from from ADP ital-2309 90 9 each each DET ital-2309 90 10 library library NOUN ital-2309 90 11 to to ADP ital-2309 90 12 its its PRON ital-2309 90 13 single single ADJ ital-2309 90 14 nearest near ADJ ital-2309 90 15 neighbor neighbor NOUN ital-2309 90 16 and and CCONJ ital-2309 90 17 calculating calculate VERB ital-2309 90 18 the the DET ital-2309 90 19 average average ADJ ital-2309 90 20 distance distance NOUN ital-2309 90 21 of of ADP ital-2309 90 22 all all DET ital-2309 90 23 the the DET ital-2309 90 24 measurements measurement NOUN ital-2309 90 25 . . PUNCT ital-2309 91 1 the the DET ital-2309 91 2 tool tool NOUN ital-2309 91 3 then then ADV ital-2309 91 4 created create VERB ital-2309 91 5 a a DET ital-2309 91 6 hypothetical hypothetical ADJ ital-2309 91 7 set set NOUN ital-2309 91 8 of of ADP ital-2309 91 9 data datum NOUN ital-2309 91 10 with with ADP ital-2309 91 11 the the DET ital-2309 91 12 same same ADJ ital-2309 91 13 number number NOUN ital-2309 91 14 of of ADP ital-2309 91 15 features feature NOUN ital-2309 91 16 , , PUNCT ital-2309 91 17 but but CCONJ ital-2309 91 18 placed place VERB ital-2309 91 19 randomly randomly ADV ital-2309 91 20 within within ADP ital-2309 91 21 the the DET ital-2309 91 22 study study NOUN ital-2309 91 23 area area NOUN ital-2309 91 24 . . PUNCT ital-2309 92 1 then then ADV ital-2309 92 2 an an DET ital-2309 92 3 average average ADJ ital-2309 92 4 distance distance NOUN ital-2309 92 5 was be AUX ital-2309 92 6 calculated calculate VERB ital-2309 92 7 for for ADP ital-2309 92 8 these these DET ital-2309 92 9 features feature NOUN ital-2309 92 10 and and CCONJ ital-2309 92 11 compared compare VERB ital-2309 92 12 to to ADP ital-2309 92 13 the the DET ital-2309 92 14 real real ADJ ital-2309 92 15 data datum NOUN ital-2309 92 16 . . PUNCT ital-2309 93 1 that that ADV ital-2309 93 2 is is ADV ital-2309 93 3 , , PUNCT ital-2309 93 4 a a DET ital-2309 93 5 hypothetical hypothetical ADJ ital-2309 93 6 random random ADJ ital-2309 93 7 set set NOUN ital-2309 93 8 of of ADP ital-2309 93 9 locations location NOUN ital-2309 93 10 was be AUX ital-2309 93 11 compared compare VERB ital-2309 93 12 to to ADP ital-2309 93 13 the the DET ital-2309 93 14 set set NOUN ital-2309 93 15 of of ADP ital-2309 93 16 actual actual ADJ ital-2309 93 17 library library NOUN ital-2309 93 18 locations location NOUN ital-2309 93 19 . . PUNCT ital-2309 94 1 a a DET ital-2309 94 2 near near ADJ ital-2309 94 3 - - PUNCT ital-2309 94 4 neighbor neighbor NOUN ital-2309 94 5 index index NOUN ital-2309 94 6 was be AUX ital-2309 94 7 produced produce VERB ital-2309 94 8 , , PUNCT ital-2309 94 9 which which PRON ital-2309 94 10 expresses express VERB ital-2309 94 11 the the DET ital-2309 94 12 ratio ratio NOUN ital-2309 94 13 of of ADP ital-2309 94 14 the the DET ital-2309 94 15 observed observe VERB ital-2309 94 16 distance distance NOUN ital-2309 94 17 divided divide VERB ital-2309 94 18 by by ADP ital-2309 94 19 the the DET ital-2309 94 20 distance distance NOUN ital-2309 94 21 from from ADP ital-2309 94 22 the the DET ital-2309 94 23 hypothetical hypothetical ADJ ital-2309 94 24 data datum NOUN ital-2309 94 25 , , PUNCT ital-2309 94 26 thus thus ADV ital-2309 94 27 comparing compare VERB ital-2309 94 28 the the DET ital-2309 94 29 two two NUM ital-2309 94 30 sets.31 sets.31 NOUN ital-2309 94 31 this this DET ital-2309 94 32 score score NOUN ital-2309 94 33 was be AUX ital-2309 94 34 then then ADV ital-2309 94 35 standardized standardize VERB ital-2309 94 36 , , PUNCT ital-2309 94 37 producing produce VERB ital-2309 94 38 a a DET ital-2309 94 39 z z NOUN ital-2309 94 40 - - NOUN ital-2309 94 41 score score NOUN ital-2309 94 42 , , PUNCT ital-2309 94 43 reported report VERB ital-2309 94 44 below below ADP ital-2309 94 45 in in ADP ital-2309 94 46 the the DET ital-2309 94 47 results result NOUN ital-2309 94 48 section section NOUN ital-2309 94 49 . . PUNCT ital-2309 95 1 http://www.census.gov/geo/maps-data/data/tiger.html http://www.census.gov/geo/maps-data/data/tiger.html PROPN ital-2309 95 2 http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/nav/jsf/pages/index.xhtml http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/nav/jsf/pages/index.xhtml X ital-2309 96 1 http://www.slpl.org/slpl/library/article240098545.asp http://www.slpl.org/slpl/library/article240098545.asp NOUN ital-2309 96 2 http://www.slcl.org/about/hours_and_locations http://www.slcl.org/about/hours_and_location NOUN ital-2309 96 3 http://www.maps.google.com/ http://www.maps.google.com/ ADJ ital-2309 96 4 http://www.yellowpages.com/ http://www.yellowpages.com/ NOUN ital-2309 96 5 http://dese.mo.gov/dsm http://dese.mo.gov/dsm PROPN ital-2309 96 6 information information NOUN ital-2309 96 7 technology technology NOUN ital-2309 96 8 and and CCONJ ital-2309 96 9 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 96 10 | | NOUN ital-2309 96 11 december december PROPN ital-2309 96 12 2013 2013 NUM ital-2309 96 13 58 58 NUM ital-2309 96 14 results result NOUN ital-2309 96 15 and and CCONJ ital-2309 96 16 conclusions conclusion NOUN ital-2309 96 17 using use VERB ital-2309 96 18 the the DET ital-2309 96 19 nearest near ADJ ital-2309 96 20 neighbor neighbor NOUN ital-2309 96 21 tool tool NOUN ital-2309 96 22 produced produce VERB ital-2309 96 23 a a DET ital-2309 96 24 z z NOUN ital-2309 96 25 - - NOUN ital-2309 96 26 score score NOUN ital-2309 96 27 of of ADP ital-2309 96 28 -3.08 -3.08 NUM ital-2309 96 29 , , PUNCT ital-2309 96 30 showing show VERB ital-2309 96 31 that that SCONJ ital-2309 96 32 the the DET ital-2309 96 33 data datum NOUN ital-2309 96 34 is be AUX ital-2309 96 35 clustered cluster VERB ital-2309 96 36 beyond beyond ADP ital-2309 96 37 the the DET ital-2309 96 38 0.01 0.01 NUM ital-2309 96 39 significance significance NOUN ital-2309 96 40 level level NOUN ital-2309 96 41 . . PUNCT ital-2309 97 1 this this PRON ital-2309 97 2 means mean VERB ital-2309 97 3 that that SCONJ ital-2309 97 4 there there PRON ital-2309 97 5 is be VERB ital-2309 97 6 a a DET ital-2309 97 7 less less ADJ ital-2309 97 8 than than ADP ital-2309 97 9 1 1 NUM ital-2309 97 10 percent percent NOUN ital-2309 97 11 chance chance NOUN ital-2309 97 12 that that SCONJ ital-2309 97 13 library library NOUN ital-2309 97 14 location location NOUN ital-2309 97 15 would would AUX ital-2309 97 16 be be AUX ital-2309 97 17 clustered cluster VERB ital-2309 97 18 to to ADP ital-2309 97 19 this this DET ital-2309 97 20 degree degree NOUN ital-2309 97 21 based base VERB ital-2309 97 22 on on ADP ital-2309 97 23 chance chance NOUN ital-2309 97 24 . . PUNCT ital-2309 98 1 knowing know VERB ital-2309 98 2 , , PUNCT ital-2309 98 3 then then ADV ital-2309 98 4 , , PUNCT ital-2309 98 5 that that SCONJ ital-2309 98 6 library library NOUN ital-2309 98 7 location location NOUN ital-2309 98 8 is be AUX ital-2309 98 9 not not PART ital-2309 98 10 random random ADJ ital-2309 98 11 , , PUNCT ital-2309 98 12 we we PRON ital-2309 98 13 can can AUX ital-2309 98 14 now now ADV ital-2309 98 15 examine examine VERB ital-2309 98 16 socioeconomic socioeconomic ADJ ital-2309 98 17 patterns pattern NOUN ital-2309 98 18 of of ADP ital-2309 98 19 the the DET ital-2309 98 20 areas area NOUN ital-2309 98 21 where where SCONJ ital-2309 98 22 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 98 23 are be AUX ital-2309 98 24 located locate VERB ital-2309 98 25 . . PUNCT ital-2309 99 1 figure figure NOUN ital-2309 99 2 1 1 NUM ital-2309 99 3 shows show VERB ital-2309 99 4 library library NOUN ital-2309 99 5 location location NOUN ital-2309 99 6 and and CCONJ ital-2309 99 7 population population NOUN ital-2309 99 8 of of ADP ital-2309 99 9 individuals individual NOUN ital-2309 99 10 under under ADP ital-2309 99 11 the the DET ital-2309 99 12 age age NOUN ital-2309 99 13 of of ADP ital-2309 99 14 18 18 NUM ital-2309 99 15 at at ADP ital-2309 99 16 the the DET ital-2309 99 17 census census NOUN ital-2309 99 18 tract tract NOUN ital-2309 99 19 level level NOUN ital-2309 99 20 for for ADP ital-2309 99 21 st st PROPN ital-2309 99 22 . . PROPN ital-2309 99 23 louis louis PROPN ital-2309 99 24 city city PROPN ital-2309 99 25 and and CCONJ ital-2309 99 26 county county NOUN ital-2309 99 27 , , PUNCT ital-2309 99 28 using use VERB ital-2309 99 29 data datum NOUN ital-2309 99 30 from from ADP ital-2309 99 31 the the DET ital-2309 99 32 2010 2010 NUM ital-2309 99 33 us us PROPN ital-2309 99 34 census census NOUN ital-2309 99 35 . . PUNCT ital-2309 100 1 to to PART ital-2309 100 2 clarify clarify VERB ital-2309 100 3 , , PUNCT ital-2309 100 4 the the DET ital-2309 100 5 city city NOUN ital-2309 100 6 and and CCONJ ital-2309 100 7 county county NOUN ital-2309 100 8 are be AUX ital-2309 100 9 divided divide VERB ital-2309 100 10 by by ADP ital-2309 100 11 the the DET ital-2309 100 12 bold bold ADJ ital-2309 100 13 black black ADJ ital-2309 100 14 line line NOUN ital-2309 100 15 crossing cross VERB ital-2309 100 16 the the DET ital-2309 100 17 middle middle NOUN ital-2309 100 18 of of ADP ital-2309 100 19 the the DET ital-2309 100 20 map map NOUN ital-2309 100 21 , , PUNCT ital-2309 100 22 the the DET ital-2309 100 23 only only ADJ ital-2309 100 24 such such ADJ ital-2309 100 25 boundary boundary NOUN ital-2309 100 26 in in ADP ital-2309 100 27 figure figure NOUN ital-2309 100 28 1 1 NUM ital-2309 100 29 , , PUNCT ital-2309 100 30 where where SCONJ ital-2309 100 31 the the DET ital-2309 100 32 county county NOUN ital-2309 100 33 is be AUX ital-2309 100 34 the the DET ital-2309 100 35 larger large ADJ ital-2309 100 36 geographic geographic ADJ ital-2309 100 37 area area NOUN ital-2309 100 38 . . PUNCT ital-2309 101 1 library library NOUN ital-2309 101 2 location location NOUN ital-2309 101 3 is be AUX ital-2309 101 4 important important ADJ ital-2309 101 5 because because SCONJ ital-2309 101 6 previous previous ADJ ital-2309 101 7 research research NOUN ital-2309 101 8 shows show VERB ital-2309 101 9 that that SCONJ ital-2309 101 10 young young ADJ ital-2309 101 11 people people NOUN ital-2309 101 12 use use VERB ital-2309 101 13 informal informal ADJ ital-2309 101 14 learning learning NOUN ital-2309 101 15 environments environment NOUN ital-2309 101 16 to to PART ital-2309 101 17 access access VERB ital-2309 101 18 new new ADJ ital-2309 101 19 media medium NOUN ital-2309 101 20 technologies,32 technologies,32 VERB ital-2309 101 21 and and CCONJ ital-2309 101 22 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 101 23 are be AUX ital-2309 101 24 a a DET ital-2309 101 25 key key ADJ ital-2309 101 26 informal informal ADJ ital-2309 101 27 learning learn VERB ital-2309 101 28 environment.33 environment.33 ADV ital-2309 101 29 this this DET ital-2309 101 30 map map NOUN ital-2309 101 31 demonstrates demonstrate VERB ital-2309 101 32 , , PUNCT ital-2309 101 33 however however ADV ital-2309 101 34 , , PUNCT ital-2309 101 35 that that SCONJ ital-2309 101 36 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 101 37 are be AUX ital-2309 101 38 not not PART ital-2309 101 39 located locate VERB ital-2309 101 40 in in ADP ital-2309 101 41 census census NOUN ital-2309 101 42 tracts tract NOUN ital-2309 101 43 with with ADP ital-2309 101 44 the the DET ital-2309 101 45 highest high ADJ ital-2309 101 46 populations population NOUN ital-2309 101 47 of of ADP ital-2309 101 48 individuals individual NOUN ital-2309 101 49 under under ADP ital-2309 101 50 the the DET ital-2309 101 51 age age NOUN ital-2309 101 52 of of ADP ital-2309 101 53 18 18 NUM ital-2309 101 54 in in ADP ital-2309 101 55 st st PROPN ital-2309 101 56 . . PROPN ital-2309 101 57 louis louis PROPN ital-2309 101 58 city city PROPN ital-2309 101 59 and and CCONJ ital-2309 101 60 county county NOUN ital-2309 101 61 . . PUNCT ital-2309 102 1 in in ADP ital-2309 102 2 fact fact NOUN ital-2309 102 3 , , PUNCT ital-2309 102 4 for for ADP ital-2309 102 5 all all DET ital-2309 102 6 the the DET ital-2309 102 7 tracts tract NOUN ital-2309 102 8 with with ADP ital-2309 102 9 the the DET ital-2309 102 10 highest high ADJ ital-2309 102 11 number number NOUN ital-2309 102 12 of of ADP ital-2309 102 13 individuals individual NOUN ital-2309 102 14 under under ADP ital-2309 102 15 the the DET ital-2309 102 16 age age NOUN ital-2309 102 17 of of ADP ital-2309 102 18 18 18 NUM ital-2309 102 19 , , PUNCT ital-2309 102 20 there there PRON ital-2309 102 21 are be VERB ital-2309 102 22 zero zero NUM ital-2309 102 23 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 102 24 located locate VERB ital-2309 102 25 in in ADP ital-2309 102 26 these these DET ital-2309 102 27 tracts tract NOUN ital-2309 102 28 . . PUNCT ital-2309 103 1 this this PRON ital-2309 103 2 is be AUX ital-2309 103 3 especially especially ADV ital-2309 103 4 concerning concern VERB ital-2309 103 5 given give VERB ital-2309 103 6 that that DET ital-2309 103 7 young young ADJ ital-2309 103 8 people people NOUN ital-2309 103 9 may may AUX ital-2309 103 10 have have VERB ital-2309 103 11 less less ADJ ital-2309 103 12 access access NOUN ital-2309 103 13 to to ADP ital-2309 103 14 transportation transportation NOUN ital-2309 103 15 , , PUNCT ital-2309 103 16 so so SCONJ ital-2309 103 17 their their PRON ital-2309 103 18 access access NOUN ital-2309 103 19 of of ADP ital-2309 103 20 facilities facility NOUN ital-2309 103 21 in in ADP ital-2309 103 22 neighboring neighboring NOUN ital-2309 103 23 census census NOUN ital-2309 103 24 tracts tract NOUN ital-2309 103 25 may may AUX ital-2309 103 26 be be AUX ital-2309 103 27 quite quite ADV ital-2309 103 28 limited limited ADJ ital-2309 103 29 . . PUNCT ital-2309 104 1 figure figure NOUN ital-2309 104 2 1 1 NUM ital-2309 104 3 . . PUNCT ital-2309 105 1 number number NOUN ital-2309 105 2 of of ADP ital-2309 105 3 individuals individual NOUN ital-2309 105 4 under under ADP ital-2309 105 5 the the DET ital-2309 105 6 age age NOUN ital-2309 105 7 of of ADP ital-2309 105 8 18 18 NUM ital-2309 105 9 by by ADP ital-2309 105 10 census census NOUN ital-2309 105 11 tract tract NOUN ital-2309 105 12 and and CCONJ ital-2309 105 13 library library NOUN ital-2309 105 14 location location NOUN ital-2309 105 15 in in ADP ital-2309 105 16 st st PROPN ital-2309 105 17 . . PROPN ital-2309 105 18 louis louis PROPN ital-2309 105 19 city city PROPN ital-2309 105 20 and and CCONJ ital-2309 105 21 st st PROPN ital-2309 105 22 . . PROPN ital-2309 105 23 louis louis PROPN ital-2309 105 24 county county PROPN ital-2309 105 25 . . PUNCT ital-2309 106 1 source source NOUN ital-2309 106 2 : : PUNCT ital-2309 106 3 2010 2010 NUM ital-2309 106 4 us us PROPN ital-2309 106 5 census census PROPN ital-2309 106 6 . . PUNCT ital-2309 107 1 social social ADJ ital-2309 107 2 contexts context NOUN ital-2309 107 3 of of ADP ital-2309 107 4 new new ADJ ital-2309 107 5 media medium NOUN ital-2309 107 6 literacies literacy NOUN ital-2309 107 7 : : PUNCT ital-2309 107 8 mapping map VERB ital-2309 107 9 libraries| libraries| ADJ ital-2309 107 10 thorne thorne NOUN ital-2309 107 11 - - PUNCT ital-2309 107 12 wallington wallington PROPN ital-2309 107 13 59 59 NUM ital-2309 107 14 figure figure NOUN ital-2309 107 15 2 2 NUM ital-2309 107 16 includes include VERB ital-2309 107 17 maps map NOUN ital-2309 107 18 showing show VERB ital-2309 107 19 library library NOUN ital-2309 107 20 locations location NOUN ital-2309 107 21 in in ADP ital-2309 107 22 st st PROPN ital-2309 107 23 . . PROPN ital-2309 107 24 louis louis PROPN ital-2309 107 25 city city PROPN ital-2309 107 26 and and CCONJ ital-2309 107 27 county county NOUN ital-2309 107 28 in in ADP ital-2309 107 29 terms term NOUN ital-2309 107 30 of of ADP ital-2309 107 31 poverty poverty NOUN ital-2309 107 32 and and CCONJ ital-2309 107 33 race race NOUN ital-2309 107 34 by by ADP ital-2309 107 35 census census NOUN ital-2309 107 36 tract tract NOUN ital-2309 107 37 level level NOUN ital-2309 107 38 , , PUNCT ital-2309 107 39 as as ADV ital-2309 107 40 well well ADV ital-2309 107 41 as as ADP ital-2309 107 42 act act NOUN ital-2309 107 43 score score NOUN ital-2309 107 44 by by ADP ital-2309 107 45 district district NOUN ital-2309 107 46 , , PUNCT ital-2309 107 47 represented represent VERB ital-2309 107 48 by by ADP ital-2309 107 49 the the DET ital-2309 107 50 bold bold ADJ ital-2309 107 51 lines line NOUN ital-2309 107 52 , , PUNCT ital-2309 107 53 where where SCONJ ital-2309 107 54 st st PROPN ital-2309 107 55 . . PROPN ital-2309 107 56 louis louis PROPN ital-2309 107 57 city city PROPN ital-2309 107 58 is be AUX ital-2309 107 59 represented represent VERB ital-2309 107 60 by by ADP ital-2309 107 61 a a DET ital-2309 107 62 single single ADJ ital-2309 107 63 district district NOUN ital-2309 107 64 , , PUNCT ital-2309 107 65 the the DET ital-2309 107 66 st st PROPN ital-2309 107 67 . . PROPN ital-2309 107 68 louis louis PROPN ital-2309 107 69 public public PROPN ital-2309 107 70 school school PROPN ital-2309 107 71 district district NOUN ital-2309 107 72 . . PUNCT ital-2309 108 1 median median ADJ ital-2309 108 2 household household NOUN ital-2309 108 3 income income NOUN ital-2309 108 4 in in ADP ital-2309 108 5 indicated indicate VERB ital-2309 108 6 by by ADP ital-2309 108 7 the the DET ital-2309 108 8 gray gray ADJ ital-2309 108 9 shading shading NOUN ital-2309 108 10 , , PUNCT ital-2309 108 11 with with ADP ital-2309 108 12 white white ADJ ital-2309 108 13 areas area NOUN ital-2309 108 14 not not PART ital-2309 108 15 having have VERB ital-2309 108 16 data datum NOUN ital-2309 108 17 available available ADJ ital-2309 108 18 . . PUNCT ital-2309 109 1 first first ADJ ital-2309 109 2 , , PUNCT ital-2309 109 3 census census NOUN ital-2309 109 4 tracts tract NOUN ital-2309 109 5 with with ADP ital-2309 109 6 low low ADJ ital-2309 109 7 median median ADJ ital-2309 109 8 household household NOUN ital-2309 109 9 income income NOUN ital-2309 109 10 are be AUX ital-2309 109 11 clustered cluster VERB ital-2309 109 12 in in ADP ital-2309 109 13 the the DET ital-2309 109 14 northern northern ADJ ital-2309 109 15 part part NOUN ital-2309 109 16 of of ADP ital-2309 109 17 the the DET ital-2309 109 18 city city NOUN ital-2309 109 19 and and CCONJ ital-2309 109 20 county county NOUN ital-2309 109 21 . . PUNCT ital-2309 110 1 there there PRON ital-2309 110 2 are be VERB ital-2309 110 3 four four NUM ital-2309 110 4 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 110 5 in in ADP ital-2309 110 6 the the DET ital-2309 110 7 northern northern ADJ ital-2309 110 8 half half NOUN ital-2309 110 9 of of ADP ital-2309 110 10 the the DET ital-2309 110 11 city city NOUN ital-2309 110 12 , , PUNCT ital-2309 110 13 and and CCONJ ital-2309 110 14 eleven eleven NUM ital-2309 110 15 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 110 16 in in ADP ital-2309 110 17 the the DET ital-2309 110 18 central central ADJ ital-2309 110 19 and and CCONJ ital-2309 110 20 southern southern ADJ ital-2309 110 21 parts part NOUN ital-2309 110 22 of of ADP ital-2309 110 23 the the DET ital-2309 110 24 city city NOUN ital-2309 110 25 . . PUNCT ital-2309 111 1 there there PRON ital-2309 111 2 are be VERB ital-2309 111 3 fewer few ADJ ital-2309 111 4 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 111 5 in in ADP ital-2309 111 6 the the DET ital-2309 111 7 census census NOUN ital-2309 111 8 tracts tract NOUN ital-2309 111 9 with with ADP ital-2309 111 10 low low ADJ ital-2309 111 11 median median ADJ ital-2309 111 12 household household NOUN ital-2309 111 13 income income NOUN ital-2309 111 14 . . PUNCT ital-2309 112 1 figure figure NOUN ital-2309 112 2 2 2 NUM ital-2309 112 3 . . X ital-2309 112 4 median median ADJ ital-2309 112 5 household household NOUN ital-2309 112 6 income income NOUN ital-2309 112 7 , , PUNCT ital-2309 112 8 act act VERB ital-2309 112 9 score score NOUN ital-2309 112 10 , , PUNCT ital-2309 112 11 and and CCONJ ital-2309 112 12 library library NOUN ital-2309 112 13 location location NOUN ital-2309 112 14 , , PUNCT ital-2309 112 15 st st PROPN ital-2309 112 16 . . PROPN ital-2309 112 17 louis louis PROPN ital-2309 112 18 city city PROPN ital-2309 112 19 and and CCONJ ital-2309 112 20 county county PROPN ital-2309 112 21 . . PUNCT ital-2309 113 1 source source NOUN ital-2309 113 2 : : PUNCT ital-2309 113 3 2010 2010 NUM ital-2309 113 4 us us PROPN ital-2309 113 5 census census PROPN ital-2309 113 6 and and CCONJ ital-2309 113 7 missouri missouri PROPN ital-2309 113 8 department department PROPN ital-2309 113 9 of of ADP ital-2309 113 10 elementary elementary PROPN ital-2309 113 11 and and CCONJ ital-2309 113 12 secondary secondary ADJ ital-2309 113 13 education education NOUN ital-2309 113 14 , , PUNCT ital-2309 113 15 2010 2010 NUM ital-2309 113 16 , , PUNCT ital-2309 113 17 www.modese.gov www.modese.gov NOUN ital-2309 113 18 . . PUNCT ital-2309 114 1 while while SCONJ ital-2309 114 2 the the DET ital-2309 114 3 nearest near ADJ ital-2309 114 4 neighbor neighbor NOUN ital-2309 114 5 analysis analysis NOUN ital-2309 114 6 has have AUX ital-2309 114 7 already already ADV ital-2309 114 8 demonstrated demonstrate VERB ital-2309 114 9 the the DET ital-2309 114 10 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 114 11 are be AUX ital-2309 114 12 significantly significantly ADV ital-2309 114 13 clustered cluster VERB ital-2309 114 14 , , PUNCT ital-2309 114 15 the the DET ital-2309 114 16 maps map NOUN ital-2309 114 17 seem seem VERB ital-2309 114 18 to to PART ital-2309 114 19 suggest suggest VERB ital-2309 114 20 the the DET ital-2309 114 21 pattern pattern NOUN ital-2309 114 22 of of ADP ital-2309 114 23 that that DET ital-2309 114 24 clustering clustering NOUN ital-2309 114 25 . . PUNCT ital-2309 115 1 this this PRON ital-2309 115 2 is be AUX ital-2309 115 3 especially especially ADV ital-2309 115 4 concerning concern VERB ital-2309 115 5 given give VERB ital-2309 115 6 the the DET ital-2309 115 7 report report NOUN ital-2309 115 8 by by ADP ital-2309 115 9 becker becker PROPN ital-2309 115 10 that that SCONJ ital-2309 115 11 61 61 NUM ital-2309 115 12 percent percent NOUN ital-2309 115 13 of of ADP ital-2309 115 14 those those PRON ital-2309 115 15 living live VERB ital-2309 115 16 below below ADP ital-2309 115 17 the the DET ital-2309 115 18 poverty poverty NOUN ital-2309 115 19 line line NOUN ital-2309 115 20 use use VERB ital-2309 115 21 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 115 22 to to PART ital-2309 115 23 access access VERB ital-2309 115 24 the the DET ital-2309 115 25 internet.34 internet.34 NOUN ital-2309 115 26 first first ADV ital-2309 115 27 , , PUNCT ital-2309 115 28 in in ADP ital-2309 115 29 terms term NOUN ital-2309 115 30 of of ADP ital-2309 115 31 median median ADJ ital-2309 115 32 household household NOUN ital-2309 115 33 income income NOUN ital-2309 115 34 , , PUNCT ital-2309 115 35 it it PRON ital-2309 115 36 does do AUX ital-2309 115 37 appear appear VERB ital-2309 115 38 that that SCONJ ital-2309 115 39 many many ADJ ital-2309 115 40 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 115 41 are be AUX ital-2309 115 42 located locate VERB ital-2309 115 43 in in ADP ital-2309 115 44 higher high ADJ ital-2309 115 45 income income NOUN ital-2309 115 46 areas area NOUN ital-2309 115 47 of of ADP ital-2309 115 48 the the DET ital-2309 115 49 city city NOUN ital-2309 115 50 and and CCONJ ital-2309 115 51 county county NOUN ital-2309 115 52 . . PUNCT ital-2309 116 1 while while SCONJ ital-2309 116 2 the the DET ital-2309 116 3 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 116 4 appear appear VERB ital-2309 116 5 to to PART ital-2309 116 6 be be AUX ital-2309 116 7 http://www.modese.gov/ http://www.modese.gov/ ADV ital-2309 116 8 information information NOUN ital-2309 116 9 technology technology NOUN ital-2309 116 10 and and CCONJ ital-2309 116 11 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 116 12 | | NOUN ital-2309 116 13 december december PROPN ital-2309 116 14 2013 2013 NUM ital-2309 116 15 60 60 NUM ital-2309 116 16 clustered cluster VERB ital-2309 116 17 centrally centrally ADV ital-2309 116 18 , , PUNCT ital-2309 116 19 and and CCONJ ital-2309 116 20 particularly particularly ADV ital-2309 116 21 near near ADP ital-2309 116 22 major major ADJ ital-2309 116 23 freeways freeway NOUN ital-2309 116 24 , , PUNCT ital-2309 116 25 there there PRON ital-2309 116 26 appear appear VERB ital-2309 116 27 to to PART ital-2309 116 28 be be AUX ital-2309 116 29 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 116 30 in in ADP ital-2309 116 31 many many ADJ ital-2309 116 32 of of ADP ital-2309 116 33 the the DET ital-2309 116 34 higher high ADJ ital-2309 116 35 income income NOUN ital-2309 116 36 census census NOUN ital-2309 116 37 tracts tract NOUN ital-2309 116 38 . . PUNCT ital-2309 117 1 adding add VERB ital-2309 117 2 to to ADP ital-2309 117 3 the the DET ital-2309 117 4 concern concern NOUN ital-2309 117 5 of of ADP ital-2309 117 6 location location NOUN ital-2309 117 7 is be AUX ital-2309 117 8 that that PRON ital-2309 117 9 of of ADP ital-2309 117 10 access access NOUN ital-2309 117 11 to to ADP ital-2309 117 12 these these DET ital-2309 117 13 library library NOUN ital-2309 117 14 locations location NOUN ital-2309 117 15 . . PUNCT ital-2309 118 1 for for ADP ital-2309 118 2 those those PRON ital-2309 118 3 living live VERB ital-2309 118 4 below below ADP ital-2309 118 5 the the DET ital-2309 118 6 poverty poverty NOUN ital-2309 118 7 line line NOUN ital-2309 118 8 , , PUNCT ital-2309 118 9 transportation transportation NOUN ital-2309 118 10 is be AUX ital-2309 118 11 often often ADV ital-2309 118 12 a a DET ital-2309 118 13 prohibitive prohibitive ADJ ital-2309 118 14 cost cost NOUN ital-2309 118 15 , , PUNCT ital-2309 118 16 so so SCONJ ital-2309 118 17 access access NOUN ital-2309 118 18 from from ADP ital-2309 118 19 public public ADJ ital-2309 118 20 transportation transportation NOUN ital-2309 118 21 should should AUX ital-2309 118 22 also also ADV ital-2309 118 23 be be AUX ital-2309 118 24 a a DET ital-2309 118 25 major major ADJ ital-2309 118 26 concern concern NOUN ital-2309 118 27 for for ADP ital-2309 118 28 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 118 29 . . PUNCT ital-2309 119 1 additionally additionally ADV ital-2309 119 2 , , PUNCT ital-2309 119 3 in in ADP ital-2309 119 4 a a DET ital-2309 119 5 pattern pattern NOUN ital-2309 119 6 repeated repeat VERB ital-2309 119 7 in in ADP ital-2309 119 8 figure figure NOUN ital-2309 119 9 4 4 NUM ital-2309 119 10 , , PUNCT ital-2309 119 11 the the DET ital-2309 119 12 location location NOUN ital-2309 119 13 of of ADP ital-2309 119 14 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 119 15 does do AUX ital-2309 119 16 not not PART ital-2309 119 17 appear appear VERB ital-2309 119 18 to to PART ital-2309 119 19 have have VERB ital-2309 119 20 any any DET ital-2309 119 21 effect effect NOUN ital-2309 119 22 on on ADP ital-2309 119 23 act act NOUN ital-2309 119 24 scores score NOUN ital-2309 119 25 , , PUNCT ital-2309 119 26 but but CCONJ ital-2309 119 27 there there PRON ital-2309 119 28 are be VERB ital-2309 119 29 clearly clearly ADV ital-2309 119 30 higher high ADJ ital-2309 119 31 act act NOUN ital-2309 119 32 scores score NOUN ital-2309 119 33 in in ADP ital-2309 119 34 wealthier wealthy ADJ ital-2309 119 35 areas area NOUN ital-2309 119 36 of of ADP ital-2309 119 37 the the DET ital-2309 119 38 city city NOUN ital-2309 119 39 and and CCONJ ital-2309 119 40 county county NOUN ital-2309 119 41 . . PUNCT ital-2309 120 1 this this PRON ital-2309 120 2 is be AUX ital-2309 120 3 not not PART ital-2309 120 4 to to PART ital-2309 120 5 say say VERB ital-2309 120 6 that that SCONJ ital-2309 120 7 there there PRON ital-2309 120 8 is be VERB ital-2309 120 9 a a DET ital-2309 120 10 statistical statistical ADJ ital-2309 120 11 relationship relationship NOUN ital-2309 120 12 between between ADP ital-2309 120 13 act act NOUN ital-2309 120 14 score score NOUN ital-2309 120 15 and and CCONJ ital-2309 120 16 library library NOUN ital-2309 120 17 location location NOUN ital-2309 120 18 , , PUNCT ital-2309 120 19 but but CCONJ ital-2309 120 20 rather rather ADV ital-2309 120 21 to to PART ital-2309 120 22 look look VERB ital-2309 120 23 at at ADP ital-2309 120 24 the the DET ital-2309 120 25 spatial spatial ADJ ital-2309 120 26 patterns pattern NOUN ital-2309 120 27 of of ADP ital-2309 120 28 each each PRON ital-2309 120 29 in in ADP ital-2309 120 30 order order NOUN ital-2309 120 31 to to PART ital-2309 120 32 note note VERB ital-2309 120 33 similarities similarity NOUN ital-2309 120 34 and and CCONJ ital-2309 120 35 differences difference NOUN ital-2309 120 36 in in ADP ital-2309 120 37 these these DET ital-2309 120 38 patterns pattern NOUN ital-2309 120 39 . . PUNCT ital-2309 121 1 figure figure VERB ital-2309 121 2 3 3 NUM ital-2309 121 3 shows show VERB ital-2309 121 4 library library NOUN ital-2309 121 5 location location NOUN ital-2309 121 6 by by ADP ital-2309 121 7 race race NOUN ital-2309 121 8 , , PUNCT ital-2309 121 9 including include VERB ital-2309 121 10 african african ADJ ital-2309 121 11 american american PROPN ital-2309 121 12 or or CCONJ ital-2309 121 13 black black ADJ ital-2309 121 14 and and CCONJ ital-2309 121 15 hispanic hispanic ADJ ital-2309 121 16 or or CCONJ ital-2309 121 17 latino latino ADJ ital-2309 121 18 . . PUNCT ital-2309 122 1 first first ADV ital-2309 122 2 , , PUNCT ital-2309 122 3 it it PRON ital-2309 122 4 is be AUX ital-2309 122 5 important important ADJ ital-2309 122 6 to to PART ital-2309 122 7 note note VERB ital-2309 122 8 that that SCONJ ital-2309 122 9 patterns pattern NOUN ital-2309 122 10 of of ADP ital-2309 122 11 race race NOUN ital-2309 122 12 in in ADP ital-2309 122 13 st st PROPN ital-2309 122 14 . . PROPN ital-2309 122 15 louis louis PROPN ital-2309 122 16 have have AUX ital-2309 122 17 been be AUX ital-2309 122 18 carefully carefully ADV ital-2309 122 19 documented document VERB ital-2309 122 20 by by ADP ital-2309 122 21 gordon.35 gordon.35 PROPN ital-2309 122 22 the the DET ital-2309 122 23 st st PROPN ital-2309 122 24 . . PROPN ital-2309 122 25 louis louis PROPN ital-2309 122 26 area area NOUN ital-2309 122 27 is be AUX ital-2309 122 28 clearly clearly ADV ital-2309 122 29 a a DET ital-2309 122 30 highly highly ADV ital-2309 122 31 segregated segregated ADJ ital-2309 122 32 region region NOUN ital-2309 122 33 , , PUNCT ital-2309 122 34 which which PRON ital-2309 122 35 makes make VERB ital-2309 122 36 the the DET ital-2309 122 37 social social ADJ ital-2309 122 38 contexts context NOUN ital-2309 122 39 of of ADP ital-2309 122 40 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 122 41 in in ADP ital-2309 122 42 the the DET ital-2309 122 43 st st PROPN ital-2309 122 44 . . PROPN ital-2309 122 45 louis louis PROPN ital-2309 122 46 area area PROPN ital-2309 122 47 even even ADV ital-2309 122 48 more more ADV ital-2309 122 49 important important ADJ ital-2309 122 50 . . PUNCT ital-2309 123 1 this this DET ital-2309 123 2 map map NOUN ital-2309 123 3 demonstrates demonstrate VERB ital-2309 123 4 that that SCONJ ital-2309 123 5 while while SCONJ ital-2309 123 6 there there PRON ital-2309 123 7 are be VERB ital-2309 123 8 many many ADJ ital-2309 123 9 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 123 10 in in ADP ital-2309 123 11 the the DET ital-2309 123 12 northern northern ADJ ital-2309 123 13 parts part NOUN ital-2309 123 14 of of ADP ital-2309 123 15 st st PROPN ital-2309 123 16 . . PROPN ital-2309 123 17 louis louis PROPN ital-2309 123 18 city city PROPN ital-2309 123 19 and and CCONJ ital-2309 123 20 county county PROPN ital-2309 123 21 , , PUNCT ital-2309 123 22 none none NOUN ital-2309 123 23 of of ADP ital-2309 123 24 these these DET ital-2309 123 25 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 123 26 is be AUX ital-2309 123 27 located locate VERB ital-2309 123 28 in in ADP ital-2309 123 29 the the DET ital-2309 123 30 census census NOUN ital-2309 123 31 tracts tract NOUN ital-2309 123 32 with with ADP ital-2309 123 33 the the DET ital-2309 123 34 highest high ADJ ital-2309 123 35 populations population NOUN ital-2309 123 36 of of ADP ital-2309 123 37 those those PRON ital-2309 123 38 identifying identify VERB ital-2309 123 39 themselves themselves PRON ital-2309 123 40 as as ADP ital-2309 123 41 african african ADJ ital-2309 123 42 american american PROPN ital-2309 123 43 or or CCONJ ital-2309 123 44 black black ADJ ital-2309 123 45 in in ADP ital-2309 123 46 either either CCONJ ital-2309 123 47 the the DET ital-2309 123 48 city city NOUN ital-2309 123 49 or or CCONJ ital-2309 123 50 county county NOUN ital-2309 123 51 . . PUNCT ital-2309 124 1 this this PRON ital-2309 124 2 raises raise VERB ital-2309 124 3 questions question NOUN ital-2309 124 4 about about ADP ital-2309 124 5 the the DET ital-2309 124 6 inequality inequality NOUN ital-2309 124 7 of of ADP ital-2309 124 8 access access NOUN ital-2309 124 9 to to ADP ital-2309 124 10 the the DET ital-2309 124 11 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 124 12 . . PUNCT ital-2309 125 1 on on ADP ital-2309 125 2 the the DET ital-2309 125 3 other other ADJ ital-2309 125 4 hand hand NOUN ital-2309 125 5 , , PUNCT ital-2309 125 6 the the DET ital-2309 125 7 densest dense ADJ ital-2309 125 8 populations population NOUN ital-2309 125 9 of of ADP ital-2309 125 10 those those PRON ital-2309 125 11 identifying identify VERB ital-2309 125 12 themselves themselves PRON ital-2309 125 13 as as ADP ital-2309 125 14 hispanic hispanic ADJ ital-2309 125 15 or or CCONJ ital-2309 125 16 latino latino ADJ ital-2309 125 17 are be AUX ital-2309 125 18 in in ADP ital-2309 125 19 the the DET ital-2309 125 20 southern southern ADJ ital-2309 125 21 part part NOUN ital-2309 125 22 of of ADP ital-2309 125 23 the the DET ital-2309 125 24 city city NOUN ital-2309 125 25 , , PUNCT ital-2309 125 26 but but CCONJ ital-2309 125 27 not not PART ital-2309 125 28 the the DET ital-2309 125 29 county county NOUN ital-2309 125 30 . . PUNCT ital-2309 126 1 there there PRON ital-2309 126 2 is be VERB ital-2309 126 3 a a DET ital-2309 126 4 library library NOUN ital-2309 126 5 located locate VERB ital-2309 126 6 in in ADP ital-2309 126 7 one one NUM ital-2309 126 8 of of ADP ital-2309 126 9 those those DET ital-2309 126 10 tracts tract NOUN ital-2309 126 11 . . PUNCT ital-2309 127 1 it it PRON ital-2309 127 2 appears appear VERB ital-2309 127 3 the the DET ital-2309 127 4 areas area NOUN ital-2309 127 5 with with ADP ital-2309 127 6 higher high ADJ ital-2309 127 7 concentrations concentration NOUN ital-2309 127 8 of of ADP ital-2309 127 9 african african ADJ ital-2309 127 10 americans americans PROPN ital-2309 127 11 or or CCONJ ital-2309 127 12 blacks black NOUN ital-2309 127 13 have have VERB ital-2309 127 14 fewer few ADJ ital-2309 127 15 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 127 16 , , PUNCT ital-2309 127 17 while while SCONJ ital-2309 127 18 areas area NOUN ital-2309 127 19 with with ADP ital-2309 127 20 the the DET ital-2309 127 21 higher high ADJ ital-2309 127 22 concentrations concentration NOUN ital-2309 127 23 of of ADP ital-2309 127 24 latinos latino NOUN ital-2309 127 25 or or CCONJ ital-2309 127 26 hispanics hispanic NOUN ital-2309 127 27 are be AUX ital-2309 127 28 located locate VERB ital-2309 127 29 in in ADP ital-2309 127 30 the the DET ital-2309 127 31 southern southern ADJ ital-2309 127 32 parts part NOUN ital-2309 127 33 of of ADP ital-2309 127 34 the the DET ital-2309 127 35 city city NOUN ital-2309 127 36 that that PRON ital-2309 127 37 do do AUX ital-2309 127 38 have have VERB ital-2309 127 39 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 127 40 . . PUNCT ital-2309 128 1 it it PRON ital-2309 128 2 is be AUX ital-2309 128 3 important important ADJ ital-2309 128 4 to to PART ital-2309 128 5 note note VERB ital-2309 128 6 , , PUNCT ital-2309 128 7 however however ADV ital-2309 128 8 , , PUNCT ital-2309 128 9 that that SCONJ ital-2309 128 10 the the DET ital-2309 128 11 concentrations concentration NOUN ital-2309 128 12 of of ADP ital-2309 128 13 latinos latino NOUN ital-2309 128 14 and and CCONJ ital-2309 128 15 hispanics hispanic NOUN ital-2309 128 16 is be AUX ital-2309 128 17 quite quite ADV ital-2309 128 18 low low ADJ ital-2309 128 19 , , PUNCT ital-2309 128 20 and and CCONJ ital-2309 128 21 those those DET ital-2309 128 22 areas area NOUN ital-2309 128 23 are be AUX ital-2309 128 24 majority majority NOUN ital-2309 128 25 white white ADJ ital-2309 128 26 census census NOUN ital-2309 128 27 tracts tract NOUN ital-2309 128 28 . . PUNCT ital-2309 129 1 as as SCONJ ital-2309 129 2 noted note VERB ital-2309 129 3 above above ADV ital-2309 129 4 , , PUNCT ital-2309 129 5 beyond beyond ADP ital-2309 129 6 location location NOUN ital-2309 129 7 , , PUNCT ital-2309 129 8 access access NOUN ital-2309 129 9 from from ADP ital-2309 129 10 public public ADJ ital-2309 129 11 transportation transportation NOUN ital-2309 129 12 is be AUX ital-2309 129 13 also also ADV ital-2309 129 14 an an DET ital-2309 129 15 important important ADJ ital-2309 129 16 issue issue NOUN ital-2309 129 17 . . PUNCT ital-2309 130 1 at at ADP ital-2309 130 2 the the DET ital-2309 130 3 same same ADJ ital-2309 130 4 time time NOUN ital-2309 130 5 , , PUNCT ital-2309 130 6 the the DET ital-2309 130 7 clustering clustering NOUN ital-2309 130 8 and and CCONJ ital-2309 130 9 patterns pattern NOUN ital-2309 130 10 shown show VERB ital-2309 130 11 on on ADP ital-2309 130 12 these these DET ital-2309 130 13 maps map NOUN ital-2309 130 14 raise raise VERB ital-2309 130 15 key key ADJ ital-2309 130 16 issues issue NOUN ital-2309 130 17 about about ADP ital-2309 130 18 access access NOUN ital-2309 130 19 based base VERB ital-2309 130 20 on on ADP ital-2309 130 21 income income NOUN ital-2309 130 22 and and CCONJ ital-2309 130 23 race race NOUN ital-2309 130 24 . . PUNCT ital-2309 131 1 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 131 2 are be AUX ital-2309 131 3 not not PART ital-2309 131 4 located locate VERB ital-2309 131 5 in in ADP ital-2309 131 6 areas area NOUN ital-2309 131 7 with with ADP ital-2309 131 8 low low ADJ ital-2309 131 9 median median ADJ ital-2309 131 10 household household NOUN ital-2309 131 11 income income NOUN ital-2309 131 12 or or CCONJ ital-2309 131 13 in in ADP ital-2309 131 14 areas area NOUN ital-2309 131 15 with with ADP ital-2309 131 16 high high ADJ ital-2309 131 17 concentrations concentration NOUN ital-2309 131 18 of of ADP ital-2309 131 19 african african ADJ ital-2309 131 20 americans americans PROPN ital-2309 131 21 or or CCONJ ital-2309 131 22 blacks black NOUN ital-2309 131 23 . . PUNCT ital-2309 132 1 this this PRON ital-2309 132 2 raises raise VERB ital-2309 132 3 serious serious ADJ ital-2309 132 4 questions question NOUN ital-2309 132 5 about about ADP ital-2309 132 6 why why SCONJ ital-2309 132 7 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 132 8 are be AUX ital-2309 132 9 located locate VERB ital-2309 132 10 where where SCONJ ital-2309 132 11 they they PRON ital-2309 132 12 are be AUX ital-2309 132 13 , , PUNCT ital-2309 132 14 and and CCONJ ital-2309 132 15 whether whether SCONJ ital-2309 132 16 the the DET ital-2309 132 17 individuals individual NOUN ital-2309 132 18 located locate VERB ital-2309 132 19 in in ADP ital-2309 132 20 these these DET ital-2309 132 21 areas area NOUN ital-2309 132 22 have have VERB ital-2309 132 23 equal equal ADJ ital-2309 132 24 access access NOUN ital-2309 132 25 to to ADP ital-2309 132 26 library library NOUN ital-2309 132 27 resources resource NOUN ital-2309 132 28 , , PUNCT ital-2309 132 29 particularly particularly ADV ital-2309 132 30 new new ADJ ital-2309 132 31 media medium NOUN ital-2309 132 32 technologies technology NOUN ital-2309 132 33 . . PUNCT ital-2309 133 1 social social ADJ ital-2309 133 2 contexts context NOUN ital-2309 133 3 of of ADP ital-2309 133 4 new new ADJ ital-2309 133 5 media medium NOUN ital-2309 133 6 literacies literacy NOUN ital-2309 133 7 : : PUNCT ital-2309 133 8 mapping map VERB ital-2309 133 9 libraries| libraries| ADJ ital-2309 133 10 thorne thorne NOUN ital-2309 133 11 - - PUNCT ital-2309 133 12 wallington wallington PROPN ital-2309 133 13 61 61 NUM ital-2309 133 14 figure figure NOUN ital-2309 133 15 3 3 NUM ital-2309 133 16 . . PUNCT ital-2309 134 1 african african PROPN ital-2309 134 2 american american PROPN ital-2309 134 3 or or CCONJ ital-2309 134 4 black black ADJ ital-2309 134 5 and and CCONJ ital-2309 134 6 hispanic hispanic ADJ ital-2309 134 7 , , PUNCT ital-2309 134 8 library library NOUN ital-2309 134 9 location location NOUN ital-2309 134 10 , , PUNCT ital-2309 134 11 st st PROPN ital-2309 134 12 . . PROPN ital-2309 134 13 louis louis PROPN ital-2309 134 14 city city PROPN ital-2309 134 15 and and CCONJ ital-2309 134 16 county county PROPN ital-2309 134 17 . . PUNCT ital-2309 135 1 source source NOUN ital-2309 135 2 : : PUNCT ital-2309 135 3 2010 2010 NUM ital-2309 135 4 us us PROPN ital-2309 135 5 census census NOUN ital-2309 135 6 . . PUNCT ital-2309 136 1 the the DET ital-2309 136 2 final final ADJ ital-2309 136 3 map map NOUN ital-2309 136 4 raises raise VERB ital-2309 136 5 a a DET ital-2309 136 6 slightly slightly ADV ital-2309 136 7 different different ADJ ital-2309 136 8 issue issue NOUN ital-2309 136 9 , , PUNCT ital-2309 136 10 one one NUM ital-2309 136 11 of of ADP ital-2309 136 12 test test NOUN ital-2309 136 13 scores score NOUN ital-2309 136 14 and and CCONJ ital-2309 136 15 student student NOUN ital-2309 136 16 achievement achievement NOUN ital-2309 136 17 . . PUNCT ital-2309 137 1 figure figure NOUN ital-2309 137 2 4 4 NUM ital-2309 137 3 shows show VERB ital-2309 137 4 library library NOUN ital-2309 137 5 location location NOUN ital-2309 137 6 by by ADP ital-2309 137 7 percent percent NOUN ital-2309 137 8 proficient proficient ADJ ital-2309 137 9 or or CCONJ ital-2309 137 10 advanced advanced ADJ ital-2309 137 11 on on ADP ital-2309 137 12 the the DET ital-2309 137 13 missouri missouri PROPN ital-2309 137 14 achievement achievement NOUN ital-2309 137 15 program program NOUN ital-2309 137 16 test test NOUN ital-2309 137 17 by by ADP ital-2309 137 18 district district NOUN ital-2309 137 19 . . PUNCT ital-2309 138 1 beyond beyond ADP ital-2309 138 2 the the DET ital-2309 138 3 location location NOUN ital-2309 138 4 of of ADP ital-2309 138 5 the the DET ital-2309 138 6 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 138 7 , , PUNCT ital-2309 138 8 one one NUM ital-2309 138 9 factor factor NOUN ital-2309 138 10 that that PRON ital-2309 138 11 stands stand VERB ital-2309 138 12 out out ADP ital-2309 138 13 is be AUX ital-2309 138 14 that that SCONJ ital-2309 138 15 the the DET ital-2309 138 16 areas area NOUN ital-2309 138 17 with with ADP ital-2309 138 18 the the DET ital-2309 138 19 lowest low ADJ ital-2309 138 20 percent percent NOUN ital-2309 138 21 proficient proficient ADJ ital-2309 138 22 or or CCONJ ital-2309 138 23 advanced advanced ADJ ital-2309 138 24 are be AUX ital-2309 138 25 also also ADV ital-2309 138 26 the the DET ital-2309 138 27 areas area NOUN ital-2309 138 28 with with ADP ital-2309 138 29 the the DET ital-2309 138 30 lowest low ADJ ital-2309 138 31 median median ADJ ital-2309 138 32 household household NOUN ital-2309 138 33 income income NOUN ital-2309 138 34 and and CCONJ ital-2309 138 35 the the DET ital-2309 138 36 highest high ADJ ital-2309 138 37 percentage percentage NOUN ital-2309 138 38 of of ADP ital-2309 138 39 those those PRON ital-2309 138 40 identifying identify VERB ital-2309 138 41 as as ADP ital-2309 138 42 african african ADJ ital-2309 138 43 american american PROPN ital-2309 138 44 or or CCONJ ital-2309 138 45 black black ADJ ital-2309 138 46 . . PUNCT ital-2309 139 1 here here ADV ital-2309 139 2 an an DET ital-2309 139 3 interesting interesting ADJ ital-2309 139 4 pattern pattern NOUN ital-2309 139 5 emerges emerge VERB ital-2309 139 6 . . PUNCT ital-2309 140 1 while while SCONJ ital-2309 140 2 there there PRON ital-2309 140 3 are be VERB ital-2309 140 4 many many ADJ ital-2309 140 5 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 140 6 in in ADP ital-2309 140 7 the the DET ital-2309 140 8 city city NOUN ital-2309 140 9 and and CCONJ ital-2309 140 10 northern northern ADJ ital-2309 140 11 part part NOUN ital-2309 140 12 of of ADP ital-2309 140 13 the the DET ital-2309 140 14 county county NOUN ital-2309 140 15 , , PUNCT ital-2309 140 16 the the DET ital-2309 140 17 percent percent NOUN ital-2309 140 18 proficient proficient ADJ ital-2309 140 19 or or CCONJ ital-2309 140 20 advanced advanced ADJ ital-2309 140 21 on on ADP ital-2309 140 22 the the DET ital-2309 140 23 communication communication NOUN ital-2309 140 24 arts art NOUN ital-2309 140 25 portion portion NOUN ital-2309 140 26 of of ADP ital-2309 140 27 exam exam NOUN ital-2309 140 28 is be AUX ital-2309 140 29 quite quite ADV ital-2309 140 30 low low ADJ ital-2309 140 31 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 140 32 20–30 20–30 NUM ital-2309 140 33 percent percent NOUN ital-2309 140 34 ) ) PUNCT ital-2309 140 35 . . PUNCT ital-2309 141 1 on on ADP ital-2309 141 2 the the DET ital-2309 141 3 other other ADJ ital-2309 141 4 hand hand NOUN ital-2309 141 5 , , PUNCT ital-2309 141 6 in in ADP ital-2309 141 7 the the DET ital-2309 141 8 western western ADJ ital-2309 141 9 part part NOUN ital-2309 141 10 of of ADP ital-2309 141 11 the the DET ital-2309 141 12 county county NOUN ital-2309 141 13 , , PUNCT ital-2309 141 14 there there PRON ital-2309 141 15 are be VERB ital-2309 141 16 few few ADJ ital-2309 141 17 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 141 18 , , PUNCT ital-2309 141 19 but but CCONJ ital-2309 141 20 the the DET ital-2309 141 21 percent percent NOUN ital-2309 141 22 proficient proficient ADJ ital-2309 141 23 or or CCONJ ital-2309 141 24 advanced advanced ADJ ital-2309 141 25 is be AUX ital-2309 141 26 at at ADP ital-2309 141 27 its its PRON ital-2309 141 28 highest high ADJ ital-2309 141 29 level level NOUN ital-2309 141 30 . . PUNCT ital-2309 142 1 this this PRON ital-2309 142 2 suggests suggest VERB ital-2309 142 3 that that SCONJ ital-2309 142 4 there there PRON ital-2309 142 5 may may AUX ital-2309 142 6 not not PART ital-2309 142 7 be be AUX ital-2309 142 8 a a DET ital-2309 142 9 strong strong ADJ ital-2309 142 10 connection connection NOUN ital-2309 142 11 between between ADP ital-2309 142 12 achievement achievement NOUN ital-2309 142 13 on on ADP ital-2309 142 14 the the DET ital-2309 142 15 map map NOUN ital-2309 142 16 exam exam NOUN ital-2309 142 17 and and CCONJ ital-2309 142 18 library library NOUN ital-2309 142 19 location location NOUN ital-2309 142 20 , , PUNCT ital-2309 142 21 similar similar ADJ ital-2309 142 22 to to ADP ital-2309 142 23 the the DET ital-2309 142 24 lack lack NOUN ital-2309 142 25 of of ADP ital-2309 142 26 relationship relationship NOUN ital-2309 142 27 seen see VERB ital-2309 142 28 in in ADP ital-2309 142 29 between between ADP ital-2309 142 30 act act NOUN ital-2309 142 31 average average ADJ ital-2309 142 32 score score NOUN ital-2309 142 33 and and CCONJ ital-2309 142 34 library library NOUN ital-2309 142 35 location location NOUN ital-2309 142 36 in in ADP ital-2309 142 37 figure figure NOUN ital-2309 142 38 2 2 NUM ital-2309 142 39 . . PUNCT ital-2309 143 1 at at ADP ital-2309 143 2 the the DET ital-2309 143 3 same same ADJ ital-2309 143 4 time time NOUN ital-2309 143 5 , , PUNCT ital-2309 143 6 there there PRON ital-2309 143 7 does do AUX ital-2309 143 8 appear appear VERB ital-2309 143 9 to to PART ital-2309 143 10 be be AUX ital-2309 143 11 a a DET ital-2309 143 12 correlation correlation NOUN ital-2309 143 13 between between ADP ital-2309 143 14 race race NOUN ital-2309 143 15 , , PUNCT ital-2309 143 16 income income NOUN ital-2309 143 17 , , PUNCT ital-2309 143 18 and and CCONJ ital-2309 143 19 test test NOUN ital-2309 143 20 scores score NOUN ital-2309 143 21 . . PUNCT ital-2309 144 1 this this DET ital-2309 144 2 correlation correlation NOUN ital-2309 144 3 is be AUX ital-2309 144 4 noted note VERB ital-2309 144 5 throughout throughout ADP ital-2309 144 6 the the DET ital-2309 144 7 literature literature NOUN ital-2309 144 8 on on ADP ital-2309 144 9 student student NOUN ital-2309 144 10 achievement.36 achievement.36 VERB ital-2309 144 11 clearly clearly ADV ital-2309 144 12 , , PUNCT ital-2309 144 13 these these DET ital-2309 144 14 maps map NOUN ital-2309 144 15 raise raise VERB ital-2309 144 16 important important ADJ ital-2309 144 17 questions question NOUN ital-2309 144 18 such such ADJ ital-2309 144 19 as as ADP ital-2309 144 20 how how SCONJ ital-2309 144 21 and and CCONJ ital-2309 144 22 why why SCONJ ital-2309 144 23 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 144 24 are be AUX ital-2309 144 25 located locate VERB ital-2309 144 26 in in ADP ital-2309 144 27 a a DET ital-2309 144 28 certain certain ADJ ital-2309 144 29 area area NOUN ital-2309 144 30 , , PUNCT ital-2309 144 31 who who PRON ital-2309 144 32 uses use VERB ital-2309 144 33 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 144 34 in in ADP ital-2309 144 35 a a DET ital-2309 144 36 given give VERB ital-2309 144 37 area area NOUN ital-2309 144 38 , , PUNCT ital-2309 144 39 as as ADV ital-2309 144 40 well well ADV ital-2309 144 41 as as ADP ital-2309 144 42 what what PRON ital-2309 144 43 other other ADJ ital-2309 144 44 informal informal ADJ ital-2309 144 45 learning learning NOUN ital-2309 144 46 environments environment NOUN ital-2309 144 47 and and CCONJ ital-2309 144 48 community community NOUN ital-2309 144 49 assets asset NOUN ital-2309 144 50 exist exist VERB ital-2309 144 51 in in ADP ital-2309 144 52 these these DET ital-2309 144 53 areas area NOUN ital-2309 144 54 . . PUNCT ital-2309 145 1 what what PRON ital-2309 145 2 is be AUX ital-2309 145 3 made make VERB ital-2309 145 4 clear clear ADJ ital-2309 145 5 by by ADP ital-2309 145 6 the the DET ital-2309 145 7 maps map NOUN ital-2309 145 8 , , PUNCT ital-2309 145 9 though though ADV ital-2309 145 10 , , PUNCT ital-2309 145 11 is be AUX ital-2309 145 12 that that SCONJ ital-2309 145 13 gis gis PROPN ital-2309 145 14 can can AUX ital-2309 145 15 be be AUX ital-2309 145 16 used use VERB ital-2309 145 17 as as ADP ital-2309 145 18 a a DET ital-2309 145 19 tool tool NOUN ital-2309 145 20 to to PART ital-2309 145 21 help help VERB ital-2309 145 22 understand understand VERB ital-2309 145 23 the the DET ital-2309 145 24 context context NOUN ital-2309 145 25 of of ADP ital-2309 145 26 new new ADJ ital-2309 145 27 media medium NOUN ital-2309 145 28 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 145 29 . . PUNCT ital-2309 146 1 information information NOUN ital-2309 146 2 technology technology NOUN ital-2309 146 3 and and CCONJ ital-2309 146 4 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 146 5 | | NOUN ital-2309 146 6 december december PROPN ital-2309 146 7 2013 2013 NUM ital-2309 146 8 62 62 NUM ital-2309 146 9 figure figure NOUN ital-2309 146 10 4 4 NUM ital-2309 146 11 . . PUNCT ital-2309 146 12 proficient proficient ADJ ital-2309 146 13 or or CCONJ ital-2309 146 14 advanced advanced ADJ ital-2309 146 15 , , PUNCT ital-2309 146 16 communication communication NOUN ital-2309 146 17 arts art NOUN ital-2309 146 18 map map NOUN ital-2309 146 19 by by ADP ital-2309 146 20 district district NOUN ital-2309 146 21 , , PUNCT ital-2309 146 22 2009 2009 NUM ital-2309 146 23 , , PUNCT ital-2309 146 24 and and CCONJ ital-2309 146 25 library library NOUN ital-2309 146 26 location location NOUN ital-2309 146 27 . . PUNCT ital-2309 147 1 source source NOUN ital-2309 147 2 : : PUNCT ital-2309 147 3 missouri missouri PROPN ital-2309 147 4 department department PROPN ital-2309 147 5 of of ADP ital-2309 147 6 elementary elementary PROPN ital-2309 147 7 and and CCONJ ital-2309 147 8 secondary secondary ADJ ital-2309 147 9 education education NOUN ital-2309 147 10 , , PUNCT ital-2309 147 11 2010 2010 NUM ital-2309 147 12 , , PUNCT ital-2309 147 13 www.modese.gov www.modese.gov NOUN ital-2309 147 14 . . PUNCT ital-2309 148 1 significance significance NOUN ital-2309 148 2 these these DET ital-2309 148 3 results result NOUN ital-2309 148 4 demonstrate demonstrate VERB ital-2309 148 5 that that SCONJ ital-2309 148 6 gis gis PROPN ital-2309 148 7 can can AUX ital-2309 148 8 be be AUX ital-2309 148 9 used use VERB ital-2309 148 10 to to PART ital-2309 148 11 illuminate illuminate VERB ital-2309 148 12 the the DET ital-2309 148 13 social social ADJ ital-2309 148 14 , , PUNCT ital-2309 148 15 cultural cultural ADJ ital-2309 148 16 , , PUNCT ital-2309 148 17 and and CCONJ ital-2309 148 18 economic economic ADJ ital-2309 148 19 complexity complexity NOUN ital-2309 148 20 that that PRON ital-2309 148 21 surrounds surround VERB ital-2309 148 22 informal informal ADJ ital-2309 148 23 learning learning NOUN ital-2309 148 24 environments environment NOUN ital-2309 148 25 , , PUNCT ital-2309 148 26 particularly particularly ADV ital-2309 148 27 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 148 28 . . PUNCT ital-2309 149 1 this this PRON ital-2309 149 2 can can AUX ital-2309 149 3 help help VERB ital-2309 149 4 demonstrate demonstrate VERB ital-2309 149 5 not not PART ital-2309 149 6 only only ADV ital-2309 149 7 where where SCONJ ital-2309 149 8 young young ADJ ital-2309 149 9 people people NOUN ital-2309 149 10 have have VERB ital-2309 149 11 the the DET ital-2309 149 12 opportunity opportunity NOUN ital-2309 149 13 to to PART ital-2309 149 14 use use VERB ital-2309 149 15 new new ADJ ital-2309 149 16 media medium NOUN ital-2309 149 17 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 149 18 , , PUNCT ital-2309 149 19 but but CCONJ ital-2309 149 20 also also ADV ital-2309 149 21 the the DET ital-2309 149 22 complex complex ADJ ital-2309 149 23 contextual contextual ADJ ital-2309 149 24 factors factor NOUN ital-2309 149 25 surrounding surround VERB ital-2309 149 26 those those DET ital-2309 149 27 opportunities opportunity NOUN ital-2309 149 28 . . PUNCT ital-2309 150 1 paired pair VERB ital-2309 150 2 with with ADP ital-2309 150 3 traditional traditional ADJ ital-2309 150 4 qualitative qualitative ADJ ital-2309 150 5 and and CCONJ ital-2309 150 6 quantitative quantitative ADJ ital-2309 150 7 work work NOUN ital-2309 150 8 , , PUNCT ital-2309 150 9 gis gis PROPN ital-2309 150 10 can can AUX ital-2309 150 11 provide provide VERB ital-2309 150 12 an an DET ital-2309 150 13 additional additional ADJ ital-2309 150 14 lens lens NOUN ital-2309 150 15 for for ADP ital-2309 150 16 understanding understand VERB ital-2309 150 17 new new ADJ ital-2309 150 18 media medium NOUN ital-2309 150 19 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 150 20 ecologies ecology NOUN ital-2309 150 21 , , PUNCT ital-2309 150 22 which which PRON ital-2309 150 23 can can AUX ital-2309 150 24 help help VERB ital-2309 150 25 inform inform VERB ital-2309 150 26 dialogue dialogue NOUN ital-2309 150 27 about about ADP ital-2309 150 28 this this DET ital-2309 150 29 topic topic NOUN ital-2309 150 30 . . PUNCT ital-2309 151 1 for for ADP ital-2309 151 2 the the DET ital-2309 151 3 results result NOUN ital-2309 151 4 of of ADP ital-2309 151 5 this this DET ital-2309 151 6 study study NOUN ital-2309 151 7 , , PUNCT ital-2309 151 8 there there PRON ital-2309 151 9 does do AUX ital-2309 151 10 appear appear VERB ital-2309 151 11 to to PART ital-2309 151 12 be be AUX ital-2309 151 13 a a DET ital-2309 151 14 relationship relationship NOUN ital-2309 151 15 between between ADP ital-2309 151 16 library library NOUN ital-2309 151 17 location location NOUN ital-2309 151 18 and and CCONJ ital-2309 151 19 race race NOUN ital-2309 151 20 and and CCONJ ital-2309 151 21 income income NOUN ital-2309 151 22 . . PUNCT ital-2309 152 1 this this DET ital-2309 152 2 study study NOUN ital-2309 152 3 illuminates illuminate VERB ital-2309 152 4 the the DET ital-2309 152 5 complex complex ADJ ital-2309 152 6 contextual contextual ADJ ital-2309 152 7 factors factor NOUN ital-2309 152 8 affecting affect VERB ital-2309 152 9 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 152 10 . . PUNCT ital-2309 153 1 because because SCONJ ital-2309 153 2 of of ADP ital-2309 153 3 the the DET ital-2309 153 4 important important ADJ ital-2309 153 5 role role NOUN ital-2309 153 6 that that PRON ital-2309 153 7 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 153 8 can can AUX ital-2309 153 9 play play VERB ital-2309 153 10 in in ADP ital-2309 153 11 offering offer VERB ital-2309 153 12 young young ADJ ital-2309 153 13 people people NOUN ital-2309 153 14 out out ADP ital-2309 153 15 of of ADP ital-2309 153 16 school school NOUN ital-2309 153 17 learning learning NOUN ital-2309 153 18 opportunities opportunity NOUN ital-2309 153 19 , , PUNCT ital-2309 153 20 particularly particularly ADV ital-2309 153 21 in in ADP ital-2309 153 22 terms term NOUN ital-2309 153 23 of of ADP ital-2309 153 24 access access NOUN ital-2309 153 25 to to ADP ital-2309 153 26 new new ADJ ital-2309 153 27 media medium NOUN ital-2309 153 28 resources resource NOUN ital-2309 153 29 , , PUNCT ital-2309 153 30 these these DET ital-2309 153 31 contextual contextual ADJ ital-2309 153 32 factors factor NOUN ital-2309 153 33 are be AUX ital-2309 153 34 important important ADJ ital-2309 153 35 to to ADP ital-2309 153 36 ensuring ensure VERB ital-2309 153 37 equal equal ADJ ital-2309 153 38 access access NOUN ital-2309 153 39 and and CCONJ ital-2309 153 40 opportunity opportunity NOUN ital-2309 153 41 for for ADP ital-2309 153 42 all all PRON ital-2309 153 43 . . PUNCT ital-2309 154 1 http://www.modese.gov/ http://www.modese.gov/ X ital-2309 154 2 social social ADJ ital-2309 154 3 contexts context NOUN ital-2309 154 4 of of ADP ital-2309 154 5 new new ADJ ital-2309 154 6 media medium NOUN ital-2309 154 7 literacies literacy NOUN ital-2309 154 8 : : PUNCT ital-2309 154 9 mapping map VERB ital-2309 154 10 libraries| libraries| ADJ ital-2309 154 11 thorne thorne NOUN ital-2309 154 12 - - PUNCT ital-2309 154 13 wallington wallington PROPN ital-2309 154 14 63 63 NUM ital-2309 154 15 references reference NOUN ital-2309 154 16 1 1 NUM ital-2309 154 17 . . NUM ital-2309 154 18 ernest ernest PROPN ital-2309 154 19 morrell morrell PROPN ital-2309 154 20 , , PUNCT ital-2309 154 21 “ " PUNCT ital-2309 154 22 critical critical ADJ ital-2309 154 23 approaches approach NOUN ital-2309 154 24 to to ADP ital-2309 154 25 media medium NOUN ital-2309 154 26 in in ADP ital-2309 154 27 urban urban ADJ ital-2309 154 28 english english PROPN ital-2309 154 29 language language NOUN ital-2309 154 30 arts art NOUN ital-2309 154 31 teacher teacher NOUN ital-2309 154 32 development development NOUN ital-2309 154 33 , , PUNCT ital-2309 154 34 ” " PUNCT ital-2309 154 35 action action NOUN ital-2309 154 36 in in ADP ital-2309 154 37 teacher teacher NOUN ital-2309 154 38 education education NOUN ital-2309 154 39 33 33 NUM ital-2309 154 40 , , PUNCT ital-2309 154 41 no no NOUN ital-2309 154 42 . . NOUN ital-2309 154 43 2 2 NUM ital-2309 154 44 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 154 45 2011 2011 NUM ital-2309 154 46 ): ): PUNCT ital-2309 154 47 151–71 151–71 NUM ital-2309 154 48 , , PUNCT ital-2309 154 49 doi doi PROPN ital-2309 154 50 : : PUNCT ital-2309 154 51 10.1080/01626620.2011.569416 10.1080/01626620.2011.569416 NUM ital-2309 154 52 . . PUNCT ital-2309 155 1 2 2 X ital-2309 155 2 . . X ital-2309 155 3 mizuko mizuko PROPN ital-2309 155 4 ito ito PROPN ital-2309 155 5 et et PROPN ital-2309 155 6 al al PROPN ital-2309 155 7 . . PROPN ital-2309 155 8 , , PUNCT ital-2309 155 9 hanging hang VERB ital-2309 155 10 out out ADP ital-2309 155 11 , , PUNCT ital-2309 155 12 messing mess VERB ital-2309 155 13 around around ADP ital-2309 155 14 , , PUNCT ital-2309 155 15 and and CCONJ ital-2309 155 16 geeking geeke VERB ital-2309 155 17 out out ADP ital-2309 155 18 : : PUNCT ital-2309 155 19 kids kid NOUN ital-2309 155 20 living live VERB ital-2309 155 21 and and CCONJ ital-2309 155 22 learning learn VERB ital-2309 155 23 with with ADP ital-2309 155 24 new new ADJ ital-2309 155 25 media medium NOUN ital-2309 155 26 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 155 27 cambridge cambridge PROPN ital-2309 155 28 : : PUNCT ital-2309 155 29 mit mit PROPN ital-2309 155 30 press press NOUN ital-2309 155 31 / / SYM ital-2309 155 32 macarthur macarthur PROPN ital-2309 155 33 foundation foundation PROPN ital-2309 155 34 , , PUNCT ital-2309 155 35 2010 2010 NUM ital-2309 155 36 ) ) PUNCT ital-2309 155 37 . . PUNCT ital-2309 156 1 3 3 X ital-2309 156 2 . . X ital-2309 156 3 morrell morrell PROPN ital-2309 156 4 , , PUNCT ital-2309 156 5 “ " PUNCT ital-2309 156 6 critical critical ADJ ital-2309 156 7 approaches approach NOUN ital-2309 156 8 to to ADP ital-2309 156 9 media medium NOUN ital-2309 156 10 in in ADP ital-2309 156 11 urban urban ADJ ital-2309 156 12 english english PROPN ital-2309 156 13 language language NOUN ital-2309 156 14 arts art NOUN ital-2309 156 15 teacher teacher NOUN ital-2309 156 16 development development NOUN ital-2309 156 17 . . PUNCT ital-2309 156 18 ” " PUNCT ital-2309 157 1 4 4 NUM ital-2309 157 2 . . PUNCT ital-2309 158 1 lisa lisa PROPN ital-2309 158 2 tripp tripp PROPN ital-2309 158 3 , , PUNCT ital-2309 158 4 “ " PUNCT ital-2309 158 5 digital digital ADJ ital-2309 158 6 youth youth NOUN ital-2309 158 7 , , PUNCT ital-2309 158 8 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 158 9 , , PUNCT ital-2309 158 10 and and CCONJ ital-2309 158 11 new new ADJ ital-2309 158 12 media medium NOUN ital-2309 158 13 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 158 14 , , PUNCT ital-2309 158 15 ” " PUNCT ital-2309 158 16 reference reference NOUN ital-2309 158 17 librarian librarian PROPN ital-2309 158 18 52 52 NUM ital-2309 158 19 , , PUNCT ital-2309 158 20 no no NOUN ital-2309 158 21 . . NOUN ital-2309 158 22 4 4 NUM ital-2309 158 23 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 158 24 2011 2011 NUM ital-2309 158 25 ): ): SYM ital-2309 158 26 329–41 329–41 NUM ital-2309 158 27 , , PUNCT ital-2309 158 28 doi doi PROPN ital-2309 158 29 : : PUNCT ital-2309 158 30 10.1080/02763877.2011.584842 10.1080/02763877.2011.584842 NUM ital-2309 158 31 . . PROPN ital-2309 159 1 5 5 NUM ital-2309 159 2 . . X ital-2309 159 3 gunther gunther PROPN ital-2309 159 4 kress kress PROPN ital-2309 159 5 , , PUNCT ital-2309 159 6 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 159 7 in in ADP ital-2309 159 8 the the DET ital-2309 159 9 new new ADJ ital-2309 159 10 media medium NOUN ital-2309 159 11 age age NOUN ital-2309 159 12 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 159 13 london london PROPN ital-2309 159 14 : : PUNCT ital-2309 159 15 routledge routledge PROPN ital-2309 159 16 , , PUNCT ital-2309 159 17 2003 2003 NUM ital-2309 159 18 ) ) PUNCT ital-2309 159 19 . . PUNCT ital-2309 160 1 6 6 X ital-2309 160 2 . . PUNCT ital-2309 160 3 ibid ibid NOUN ital-2309 160 4 . . PUNCT ital-2309 161 1 7 7 X ital-2309 161 2 . . PUNCT ital-2309 161 3 donna donna PROPN ital-2309 161 4 e. e. PROPN ital-2309 161 5 alvermann alvermann PROPN ital-2309 161 6 and and CCONJ ital-2309 161 7 alison alison PROPN ital-2309 161 8 h. h. PROPN ital-2309 161 9 heron heron NOUN ital-2309 161 10 , , PUNCT ital-2309 161 11 “ " PUNCT ital-2309 161 12 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 161 13 identity identity NOUN ital-2309 161 14 work work NOUN ital-2309 161 15 : : PUNCT ital-2309 161 16 playing play VERB ital-2309 161 17 to to PART ital-2309 161 18 learn learn VERB ital-2309 161 19 with with ADP ital-2309 161 20 popular popular ADJ ital-2309 161 21 media medium NOUN ital-2309 161 22 , , PUNCT ital-2309 161 23 ” " PUNCT ital-2309 161 24 journal journal NOUN ital-2309 161 25 of of ADP ital-2309 161 26 adolescent adolescent PROPN ital-2309 161 27 & & CCONJ ital-2309 161 28 adult adult NOUN ital-2309 161 29 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 161 30 45 45 NUM ital-2309 161 31 , , PUNCT ital-2309 161 32 no no NOUN ital-2309 161 33 . . NOUN ital-2309 161 34 2 2 NUM ital-2309 161 35 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 161 36 2001 2001 NUM ital-2309 161 37 ): ): PUNCT ital-2309 161 38 118–22 118–22 NUM ital-2309 161 39 . . PROPN ital-2309 162 1 8 8 NUM ital-2309 162 2 . . X ital-2309 162 3 colin colin PROPN ital-2309 162 4 lankshear lankshear PROPN ital-2309 162 5 and and CCONJ ital-2309 162 6 michele michele PROPN ital-2309 162 7 knobel knobel PROPN ital-2309 162 8 , , PUNCT ital-2309 162 9 new new ADJ ital-2309 162 10 literacies literacy NOUN ital-2309 162 11 : : PUNCT ital-2309 162 12 everyday everyday ADJ ital-2309 162 13 practices practice NOUN ital-2309 162 14 and and CCONJ ital-2309 162 15 classroom classroom NOUN ital-2309 162 16 learning learning NOUN ital-2309 162 17 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 162 18 maidenshead maidenshead ADJ ital-2309 162 19 : : PUNCT ital-2309 162 20 open open ADJ ital-2309 162 21 university university NOUN ital-2309 162 22 press press NOUN ital-2309 162 23 , , PUNCT ital-2309 162 24 2006 2006 NUM ital-2309 162 25 ) ) PUNCT ital-2309 162 26 . . PUNCT ital-2309 163 1 9 9 X ital-2309 163 2 . . PUNCT ital-2309 164 1 john john PROPN ital-2309 164 2 palfrey palfrey PROPN ital-2309 164 3 and and CCONJ ital-2309 164 4 urs urs PROPN ital-2309 164 5 gasser gasser PROPN ital-2309 164 6 , , PUNCT ital-2309 164 7 born bear VERB ital-2309 164 8 digital digital ADJ ital-2309 164 9 : : PUNCT ital-2309 164 10 understanding understand VERB ital-2309 164 11 the the DET ital-2309 164 12 first first ADJ ital-2309 164 13 generation generation NOUN ital-2309 164 14 of of ADP ital-2309 164 15 digital digital ADJ ital-2309 164 16 natives native NOUN ital-2309 164 17 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 164 18 new new PROPN ital-2309 164 19 york york PROPN ital-2309 164 20 : : PUNCT ital-2309 164 21 perseus perseus NOUN ital-2309 164 22 , , PUNCT ital-2309 164 23 2009 2009 NUM ital-2309 164 24 ) ) PUNCT ital-2309 164 25 . . PUNCT ital-2309 165 1 10 10 NUM ital-2309 165 2 . . PUNCT ital-2309 165 3 karin karin PROPN ital-2309 165 4 m. m. PROPN ital-2309 165 5 wiburg wiburg PROPN ital-2309 165 6 , , PUNCT ital-2309 165 7 “ " PUNCT ital-2309 165 8 technology technology NOUN ital-2309 165 9 and and CCONJ ital-2309 165 10 the the DET ital-2309 165 11 new new ADJ ital-2309 165 12 meaning meaning NOUN ital-2309 165 13 of of ADP ital-2309 165 14 educational educational ADJ ital-2309 165 15 equity equity NOUN ital-2309 165 16 , , PUNCT ital-2309 165 17 ” " PUNCT ital-2309 165 18 computers computer NOUN ital-2309 165 19 in in ADP ital-2309 165 20 the the DET ital-2309 165 21 schools school NOUN ital-2309 165 22 20 20 NUM ital-2309 165 23 , , PUNCT ital-2309 165 24 no no INTJ ital-2309 165 25 . . PUNCT ital-2309 166 1 1–2 1–2 NUM ital-2309 166 2 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 166 3 2003 2003 NUM ital-2309 166 4 ): ): SYM ital-2309 166 5 113–28 113–28 NUM ital-2309 166 6 , , PUNCT ital-2309 166 7 doi doi PROPN ital-2309 166 8 : : PUNCT ital-2309 166 9 10.1300 10.1300 NUM ital-2309 166 10 / / SYM ital-2309 166 11 j025v20n01_09 j025v20n01_09 PROPN ital-2309 166 12 . . PROPN ital-2309 167 1 11 11 NUM ital-2309 167 2 . . PUNCT ital-2309 168 1 rob rob VERB ital-2309 168 2 kling kle VERB ital-2309 168 3 , , PUNCT ital-2309 168 4 “ " PUNCT ital-2309 168 5 learning learn VERB ital-2309 168 6 about about ADP ital-2309 168 7 information information NOUN ital-2309 168 8 technologies technology NOUN ital-2309 168 9 and and CCONJ ital-2309 168 10 social social ADJ ital-2309 168 11 change change NOUN ital-2309 168 12 : : PUNCT ital-2309 168 13 the the DET ital-2309 168 14 contribution contribution NOUN ital-2309 168 15 of of ADP ital-2309 168 16 social social ADJ ital-2309 168 17 informatics informatic NOUN ital-2309 168 18 , , PUNCT ital-2309 168 19 ” " PUNCT ital-2309 168 20 information information NOUN ital-2309 168 21 society society NOUN ital-2309 168 22 16 16 NUM ital-2309 168 23 , , PUNCT ital-2309 168 24 no no INTJ ital-2309 168 25 . . NOUN ital-2309 168 26 3 3 NUM ital-2309 168 27 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 168 28 2000 2000 NUM ital-2309 168 29 ): ): PUNCT ital-2309 168 30 212–24 212–24 NUM ital-2309 168 31 . . PUNCT ital-2309 169 1 12 12 NUM ital-2309 169 2 . . PUNCT ital-2309 170 1 james james PROPN ital-2309 170 2 r. r. PROPN ital-2309 170 3 valadez valadez PROPN ital-2309 170 4 and and CCONJ ital-2309 170 5 richard richard PROPN ital-2309 170 6 p. p. PROPN ital-2309 170 7 durán durán PROPN ital-2309 170 8 , , PUNCT ital-2309 170 9 “ " PUNCT ital-2309 170 10 redefining redefine VERB ital-2309 170 11 the the DET ital-2309 170 12 digital digital ADJ ital-2309 170 13 divide divide NOUN ital-2309 170 14 : : PUNCT ital-2309 170 15 beyond beyond ADP ital-2309 170 16 access access NOUN ital-2309 170 17 to to ADP ital-2309 170 18 computers computer NOUN ital-2309 170 19 and and CCONJ ital-2309 170 20 the the DET ital-2309 170 21 internet internet NOUN ital-2309 170 22 , , PUNCT ital-2309 170 23 ” " PUNCT ital-2309 170 24 high high ADJ ital-2309 170 25 school school NOUN ital-2309 170 26 journal journal NOUN ital-2309 170 27 90 90 NUM ital-2309 170 28 , , PUNCT ital-2309 170 29 no no INTJ ital-2309 170 30 . . NOUN ital-2309 170 31 3 3 NUM ital-2309 170 32 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 170 33 2007 2007 NUM ital-2309 170 34 ): ): SYM ital-2309 170 35 31–44 31–44 NUM ital-2309 170 36 , , PUNCT ital-2309 170 37 http://www.jstor.org/stable/40364198 http://www.jstor.org/stable/40364198 PROPN ital-2309 170 38 . . PROPN ital-2309 171 1 13 13 NUM ital-2309 171 2 . . PUNCT ital-2309 171 3 eszter eszter PROPN ital-2309 171 4 hargittai hargittai PROPN ital-2309 171 5 , , PUNCT ital-2309 171 6 “ " PUNCT ital-2309 171 7 digital digital ADJ ital-2309 171 8 na(t)ives na(t)ive NOUN ital-2309 171 9 ? ? PUNCT ital-2309 172 1 variation variation NOUN ital-2309 172 2 in in ADP ital-2309 172 3 internet internet NOUN ital-2309 172 4 skills skill NOUN ital-2309 172 5 and and CCONJ ital-2309 172 6 uses use NOUN ital-2309 172 7 among among ADP ital-2309 172 8 members member NOUN ital-2309 172 9 of of ADP ital-2309 172 10 the the DET ital-2309 172 11 ‘ ' PUNCT ital-2309 172 12 net net ADJ ital-2309 172 13 generation generation NOUN ital-2309 172 14 , , PUNCT ital-2309 172 15 ’ ' PUNCT ital-2309 172 16 ” " PUNCT ital-2309 172 17 sociological sociological ADJ ital-2309 172 18 inquiry inquiry NOUN ital-2309 172 19 80 80 NUM ital-2309 172 20 , , PUNCT ital-2309 172 21 no no INTJ ital-2309 172 22 . . NOUN ital-2309 172 23 1 1 NUM ital-2309 172 24 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 172 25 2010 2010 NUM ital-2309 172 26 ): ): PUNCT ital-2309 172 27 92–113 92–113 PROPN ital-2309 172 28 , , PUNCT ital-2309 172 29 doi doi PROPN ital-2309 172 30 : : PUNCT ital-2309 172 31 10.1111 10.1111 NUM ital-2309 172 32 / / SYM ital-2309 172 33 j.1475682x.2009.00317.x j.1475682x.2009.00317.x PROPN ital-2309 172 34 . . PROPN ital-2309 172 35 14 14 NUM ital-2309 172 36 . . PUNCT ital-2309 173 1 glynda glynda PROPN ital-2309 173 2 hull hull NOUN ital-2309 173 3 and and CCONJ ital-2309 173 4 katherine katherine PROPN ital-2309 173 5 schultz schultz PROPN ital-2309 173 6 , , PUNCT ital-2309 173 7 “ " PUNCT ital-2309 173 8 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 173 9 and and CCONJ ital-2309 173 10 learning learn VERB ital-2309 173 11 out out ADP ital-2309 173 12 of of ADP ital-2309 173 13 school school NOUN ital-2309 173 14 : : PUNCT ital-2309 173 15 a a DET ital-2309 173 16 review review NOUN ital-2309 173 17 of of ADP ital-2309 173 18 theory theory NOUN ital-2309 173 19 and and CCONJ ital-2309 173 20 research research NOUN ital-2309 173 21 , , PUNCT ital-2309 173 22 ” " PUNCT ital-2309 173 23 review review NOUN ital-2309 173 24 of of ADP ital-2309 173 25 educational educational ADJ ital-2309 173 26 research research NOUN ital-2309 173 27 71 71 NUM ital-2309 173 28 , , PUNCT ital-2309 173 29 no no NOUN ital-2309 173 30 . . NOUN ital-2309 173 31 4 4 NUM ital-2309 173 32 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 173 33 2001 2001 NUM ital-2309 173 34 ): ): SYM ital-2309 173 35 575–611 575–611 NUM ital-2309 173 36 , , PUNCT ital-2309 173 37 http://www.jstor.org/stable/3516099 http://www.jstor.org/stable/3516099 SPACE ital-2309 173 38 . . PROPN ital-2309 173 39 15 15 NUM ital-2309 173 40 . . PUNCT ital-2309 174 1 colin colin PROPN ital-2309 174 2 lankshear lankshear PROPN ital-2309 174 3 and and CCONJ ital-2309 174 4 michele michele PROPN ital-2309 174 5 knobel knobel PROPN ital-2309 174 6 , , PUNCT ital-2309 174 7 new new ADJ ital-2309 174 8 literacies literacy NOUN ital-2309 174 9 . . PUNCT ital-2309 175 1 http://www.jstor.org/stable/40364198 http://www.jstor.org/stable/40364198 VERB ital-2309 175 2 http://www.jstor.org/stable/3516099 http://www.jstor.org/stable/3516099 SPACE ital-2309 175 3 information information NOUN ital-2309 175 4 technology technology NOUN ital-2309 175 5 and and CCONJ ital-2309 175 6 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 175 7 | | NOUN ital-2309 175 8 december december PROPN ital-2309 175 9 2013 2013 NUM ital-2309 175 10 64 64 NUM ital-2309 175 11 16 16 NUM ital-2309 175 12 . . PUNCT ital-2309 176 1 allan allan PROPN ital-2309 176 2 luke luke PROPN ital-2309 176 3 , , PUNCT ital-2309 176 4 “ " PUNCT ital-2309 176 5 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 176 6 and and CCONJ ital-2309 176 7 the the DET ital-2309 176 8 other other ADJ ital-2309 176 9 : : PUNCT ital-2309 176 10 a a DET ital-2309 176 11 sociological sociological ADJ ital-2309 176 12 approach approach NOUN ital-2309 176 13 to to ADP ital-2309 176 14 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 176 15 research research NOUN ital-2309 176 16 and and CCONJ ital-2309 176 17 policy policy NOUN ital-2309 176 18 in in ADP ital-2309 176 19 multilingual multilingual ADJ ital-2309 176 20 societies society NOUN ital-2309 176 21 , , PUNCT ital-2309 176 22 ” " PUNCT ital-2309 176 23 reading read VERB ital-2309 176 24 research research NOUN ital-2309 176 25 quarterly quarterly ADJ ital-2309 176 26 38 38 NUM ital-2309 176 27 , , PUNCT ital-2309 176 28 no no NOUN ital-2309 176 29 . . NOUN ital-2309 176 30 1 1 NUM ital-2309 176 31 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 176 32 2003 2003 NUM ital-2309 176 33 ): ): PUNCT ital-2309 176 34 132–41 132–41 NUM ital-2309 176 35 , , PUNCT ital-2309 176 36 http://www.jstor.org/stable/415697 http://www.jstor.org/stable/415697 X ital-2309 176 37 . . PROPN ital-2309 177 1 17 17 NUM ital-2309 177 2 . . PUNCT ital-2309 177 3 stephanie stephanie NOUN ital-2309 177 4 collins collins PROPN ital-2309 177 5 , , PUNCT ital-2309 177 6 “ " PUNCT ital-2309 177 7 breadth breadth NOUN ital-2309 177 8 and and CCONJ ital-2309 177 9 depth depth NOUN ital-2309 177 10 , , PUNCT ital-2309 177 11 imports import NOUN ital-2309 177 12 and and CCONJ ital-2309 177 13 exports export NOUN ital-2309 177 14 : : PUNCT ital-2309 177 15 transactions transaction NOUN ital-2309 177 16 between between ADP ital-2309 177 17 the the DET ital-2309 177 18 in in ADP ital-2309 177 19 - - PUNCT ital-2309 177 20 and and CCONJ ital-2309 177 21 out out ADV ital-2309 177 22 - - PUNCT ital-2309 177 23 of of ADP ital-2309 177 24 - - PUNCT ital-2309 177 25 school school NOUN ital-2309 177 26 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 177 27 practices practice NOUN ital-2309 177 28 of of ADP ital-2309 177 29 an an DET ital-2309 177 30 ‘ ' PUNCT ital-2309 177 31 at at ADP ital-2309 177 32 risk risk NOUN ital-2309 177 33 ’ ' PUNCT ital-2309 177 34 youth youth NOUN ital-2309 177 35 , , PUNCT ital-2309 177 36 ” " PUNCT ital-2309 177 37 in in ADP ital-2309 177 38 cultural cultural ADJ ital-2309 177 39 practices practice NOUN ital-2309 177 40 of of ADP ital-2309 177 41 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 177 42 : : PUNCT ital-2309 177 43 case case NOUN ital-2309 177 44 studies study NOUN ital-2309 177 45 of of ADP ital-2309 177 46 language language NOUN ital-2309 177 47 , , PUNCT ital-2309 177 48 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 177 49 , , PUNCT ital-2309 177 50 social social ADJ ital-2309 177 51 practice practice NOUN ital-2309 177 52 , , PUNCT ital-2309 177 53 and and CCONJ ital-2309 177 54 power power NOUN ital-2309 177 55 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 177 56 mahwah mahwah PROPN ital-2309 177 57 , , PUNCT ital-2309 177 58 nj nj PROPN ital-2309 177 59 : : PUNCT ital-2309 177 60 lawrence lawrence PROPN ital-2309 177 61 erlbaum erlbaum PROPN ital-2309 177 62 , , PUNCT ital-2309 177 63 2007 2007 NUM ital-2309 177 64 ) ) PUNCT ital-2309 177 65 . . PUNCT ital-2309 178 1 18 18 NUM ital-2309 178 2 . . PUNCT ital-2309 179 1 allison allison PROPN ital-2309 179 2 skerrett skerrett PROPN ital-2309 179 3 and and CCONJ ital-2309 179 4 randy randy PROPN ital-2309 179 5 bomer bomer PROPN ital-2309 179 6 , , PUNCT ital-2309 179 7 “ " PUNCT ital-2309 179 8 borderzones borderzones PROPN ital-2309 179 9 in in ADP ital-2309 179 10 adolescents adolescent NOUN ital-2309 179 11 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 179 12 practices practice NOUN ital-2309 179 13 : : PUNCT ital-2309 179 14 connecting connect VERB ital-2309 179 15 out out ADP ital-2309 179 16 - - PUNCT ital-2309 179 17 of of ADP ital-2309 179 18 - - PUNCT ital-2309 179 19 school school NOUN ital-2309 179 20 literacies literacy NOUN ital-2309 179 21 to to ADP ital-2309 179 22 the the DET ital-2309 179 23 reading reading NOUN ital-2309 179 24 curriculum curriculum NOUN ital-2309 179 25 , , PUNCT ital-2309 179 26 ” " PUNCT ital-2309 179 27 urban urban ADJ ital-2309 179 28 education education NOUN ital-2309 179 29 46 46 NUM ital-2309 179 30 , , PUNCT ital-2309 179 31 no no NOUN ital-2309 179 32 . . NOUN ital-2309 179 33 6 6 NUM ital-2309 179 34 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 179 35 2011 2011 NUM ital-2309 179 36 ): ): PUNCT ital-2309 179 37 1256–79 1256–79 NUM ital-2309 179 38 , , PUNCT ital-2309 179 39 doi doi PROPN ital-2309 179 40 : : PUNCT ital-2309 179 41 10.1177/0042085911398920 10.1177/0042085911398920 NUM ital-2309 179 42 . . NUM ital-2309 180 1 19 19 NUM ital-2309 180 2 . . PUNCT ital-2309 181 1 samantha samantha PROPN ital-2309 181 2 becker becker PROPN ital-2309 181 3 et et PROPN ital-2309 181 4 al al PROPN ital-2309 181 5 . . PROPN ital-2309 181 6 , , PUNCT ital-2309 181 7 opportunity opportunity NOUN ital-2309 181 8 for for ADP ital-2309 181 9 all all PRON ital-2309 181 10 : : PUNCT ital-2309 181 11 how how SCONJ ital-2309 181 12 the the DET ital-2309 181 13 american american ADJ ital-2309 181 14 public public ADJ ital-2309 181 15 benefits benefit NOUN ital-2309 181 16 from from ADP ital-2309 181 17 internet internet NOUN ital-2309 181 18 access access NOUN ital-2309 181 19 at at ADP ital-2309 181 20 u.s u.s PROPN ital-2309 181 21 . . PROPN ital-2309 181 22 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 181 23 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 181 24 washington washington PROPN ital-2309 181 25 , , PUNCT ital-2309 181 26 dc dc PROPN ital-2309 181 27 : : PUNCT ital-2309 181 28 institute institute PROPN ital-2309 181 29 of of ADP ital-2309 181 30 museum museum PROPN ital-2309 181 31 and and CCONJ ital-2309 181 32 library library NOUN ital-2309 181 33 services service NOUN ital-2309 181 34 ) ) PUNCT ital-2309 181 35 . . PUNCT ital-2309 182 1 20 20 NUM ital-2309 182 2 . . PUNCT ital-2309 183 1 lisa lisa PROPN ital-2309 183 2 tripp tripp PROPN ital-2309 183 3 , , PUNCT ital-2309 183 4 “ " PUNCT ital-2309 183 5 digital digital ADJ ital-2309 183 6 youth youth NOUN ital-2309 183 7 , , PUNCT ital-2309 183 8 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 183 9 , , PUNCT ital-2309 183 10 and and CCONJ ital-2309 183 11 new new ADJ ital-2309 183 12 media medium NOUN ital-2309 183 13 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 183 14 . . PUNCT ital-2309 183 15 ” " PUNCT ital-2309 184 1 21 21 NUM ital-2309 184 2 . . PUNCT ital-2309 185 1 nora nora PROPN ital-2309 185 2 fleming fleming PROPN ital-2309 185 3 , , PUNCT ital-2309 185 4 “ " PUNCT ital-2309 185 5 museums museum NOUN ital-2309 185 6 and and CCONJ ital-2309 185 7 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 185 8 awarded award VERB ital-2309 185 9 $ $ SYM ital-2309 185 10 1.2 1.2 NUM ital-2309 185 11 m m NOUN ital-2309 185 12 to to PART ital-2309 185 13 build build VERB ital-2309 185 14 learning learn VERB ital-2309 185 15 labs lab NOUN ital-2309 185 16 , , PUNCT ital-2309 185 17 ” " PUNCT ital-2309 185 18 education education NOUN ital-2309 185 19 week week NOUN ital-2309 185 20 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 185 21 blog blog NOUN ital-2309 185 22 ) ) PUNCT ital-2309 185 23 , , PUNCT ital-2309 185 24 december december PROPN ital-2309 185 25 7 7 NUM ital-2309 185 26 , , PUNCT ital-2309 185 27 2012 2012 NUM ital-2309 185 28 , , PUNCT ital-2309 185 29 http://blogs.edweek.org/edweek/beyond_schools/2012/12/museums_and_libraries_awarde http://blogs.edweek.org/edweek/beyond_schools/2012/12/museums_and_libraries_awarde PROPN ital-2309 185 30 d_12_million_to_build_learning_labs_for_youth.html d_12_million_to_build_learning_labs_for_youth.html PROPN ital-2309 185 31 . . PROPN ital-2309 185 32 22 22 NUM ital-2309 185 33 . . PUNCT ital-2309 186 1 see see VERB ital-2309 186 2 william william PROPN ital-2309 186 3 f. f. PROPN ital-2309 186 4 tate tate PROPN ital-2309 186 5 iv iv PROPN ital-2309 186 6 and and CCONJ ital-2309 186 7 mark mark PROPN ital-2309 186 8 hogrebe hogrebe PROPN ital-2309 186 9 , , PUNCT ital-2309 186 10 “ " PUNCT ital-2309 186 11 from from ADP ital-2309 186 12 visuals visual NOUN ital-2309 186 13 to to ADP ital-2309 186 14 vision vision NOUN ital-2309 186 15 : : PUNCT ital-2309 186 16 using use VERB ital-2309 186 17 gis gis PROPN ital-2309 186 18 to to PART ital-2309 186 19 inform inform VERB ital-2309 186 20 civic civic ADJ ital-2309 186 21 dialogue dialogue NOUN ital-2309 186 22 about about ADP ital-2309 186 23 african african ADJ ital-2309 186 24 american american ADJ ital-2309 186 25 males male NOUN ital-2309 186 26 , , PUNCT ital-2309 186 27 ” " PUNCT ital-2309 186 28 race race NOUN ital-2309 186 29 ethnicity ethnicity NOUN ital-2309 186 30 and and CCONJ ital-2309 186 31 education education NOUN ital-2309 186 32 14 14 NUM ital-2309 186 33 , , PUNCT ital-2309 186 34 no no INTJ ital-2309 186 35 . . NOUN ital-2309 186 36 1 1 NUM ital-2309 186 37 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 186 38 2011 2011 NUM ital-2309 186 39 ) ) PUNCT ital-2309 186 40 , , PUNCT ital-2309 186 41 51 51 NUM ital-2309 186 42 – – PUNCT ital-2309 186 43 71 71 NUM ital-2309 186 44 , , PUNCT ital-2309 186 45 doi doi PROPN ital-2309 186 46 : : PUNCT ital-2309 186 47 10.1080/13613324.2011.531980 10.1080/13613324.2011.531980 NUM ital-2309 186 48 ; ; PUNCT ital-2309 186 49 mark mark PROPN ital-2309 186 50 c. c. PROPN ital-2309 186 51 hogrebe hogrebe PROPN ital-2309 186 52 and and CCONJ ital-2309 186 53 william william PROPN ital-2309 186 54 f. f. PROPN ital-2309 186 55 tate tate PROPN ital-2309 186 56 iv iv PROPN ital-2309 186 57 , , PUNCT ital-2309 186 58 “ " PUNCT ital-2309 186 59 school school NOUN ital-2309 186 60 composition composition NOUN ital-2309 186 61 and and CCONJ ital-2309 186 62 context context NOUN ital-2309 186 63 factors factor NOUN ital-2309 186 64 that that PRON ital-2309 186 65 moderate moderate VERB ital-2309 186 66 and and CCONJ ital-2309 186 67 predict predict VERB ital-2309 186 68 10th 10th ADJ ital-2309 186 69 - - PUNCT ital-2309 186 70 grade grade NOUN ital-2309 186 71 science science NOUN ital-2309 186 72 proficiency proficiency NOUN ital-2309 186 73 , , PUNCT ital-2309 186 74 ” " PUNCT ital-2309 186 75 teachers teacher NOUN ital-2309 186 76 college college NOUN ital-2309 186 77 record record NOUN ital-2309 186 78 112 112 NUM ital-2309 186 79 , , PUNCT ital-2309 186 80 no no NOUN ital-2309 186 81 . . NOUN ital-2309 186 82 4 4 NUM ital-2309 186 83 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 186 84 2010 2010 NUM ital-2309 186 85 ) ) PUNCT ital-2309 186 86 , , PUNCT ital-2309 186 87 1096–1136 1096–1136 NUM ital-2309 186 88 ; ; PUNCT ital-2309 186 89 robert robert PROPN ital-2309 186 90 j. j. PROPN ital-2309 186 91 sampson sampson PROPN ital-2309 186 92 , , PUNCT ital-2309 186 93 great great ADJ ital-2309 186 94 american american ADJ ital-2309 186 95 city city NOUN ital-2309 186 96 : : PUNCT ital-2309 186 97 chicago chicago PROPN ital-2309 186 98 and and CCONJ ital-2309 186 99 the the DET ital-2309 186 100 enduring endure VERB ital-2309 186 101 neighborhood neighborhood NOUN ital-2309 186 102 effect effect NOUN ital-2309 186 103 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 186 104 chicago chicago PROPN ital-2309 186 105 : : PUNCT ital-2309 186 106 university university PROPN ital-2309 186 107 of of ADP ital-2309 186 108 chicago chicago PROPN ital-2309 186 109 press press PROPN ital-2309 186 110 , , PUNCT ital-2309 186 111 2012 2012 NUM ital-2309 186 112 ) ) PUNCT ital-2309 186 113 . . PUNCT ital-2309 187 1 23 23 NUM ital-2309 187 2 . . PUNCT ital-2309 188 1 henri henri PROPN ital-2309 188 2 lefebvre lefebvre PROPN ital-2309 188 3 , , PUNCT ital-2309 188 4 the the DET ital-2309 188 5 production production NOUN ital-2309 188 6 of of ADP ital-2309 188 7 space space NOUN ital-2309 188 8 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 188 9 oxford oxford PROPN ital-2309 188 10 : : PUNCT ital-2309 188 11 blackwell blackwell PROPN ital-2309 188 12 , , PUNCT ital-2309 188 13 1991 1991 NUM ital-2309 188 14 ) ) PUNCT ital-2309 188 15 . . PUNCT ital-2309 189 1 24 24 NUM ital-2309 189 2 . . PUNCT ital-2309 189 3 xavier xavier PROPN ital-2309 189 4 de de PROPN ital-2309 189 5 souza souza PROPN ital-2309 189 6 briggs briggs PROPN ital-2309 189 7 , , PUNCT ital-2309 189 8 the the DET ital-2309 189 9 georgraphy georgraphy NOUN ital-2309 189 10 of of ADP ital-2309 189 11 opportunity opportunity NOUN ital-2309 189 12 : : PUNCT ital-2309 189 13 race race NOUN ital-2309 189 14 and and CCONJ ital-2309 189 15 housing housing NOUN ital-2309 189 16 choice choice NOUN ital-2309 189 17 in in ADP ital-2309 189 18 metropolitan metropolitan PROPN ital-2309 189 19 america america PROPN ital-2309 189 20 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 189 21 washington washington PROPN ital-2309 189 22 , , PUNCT ital-2309 189 23 dc dc PROPN ital-2309 189 24 : : PUNCT ital-2309 189 25 brookings brookings PROPN ital-2309 189 26 institute institute PROPN ital-2309 189 27 press press PROPN ital-2309 189 28 , , PUNCT ital-2309 189 29 2005 2005 NUM ital-2309 189 30 ) ) PUNCT ital-2309 189 31 . . PUNCT ital-2309 190 1 25 25 NUM ital-2309 190 2 paul paul PROPN ital-2309 190 3 jargowsky jargowsky PROPN ital-2309 190 4 , , PUNCT ital-2309 190 5 poverty poverty NOUN ital-2309 190 6 and and CCONJ ital-2309 190 7 place place NOUN ital-2309 190 8 : : PUNCT ital-2309 190 9 ghettos ghetto NOUN ital-2309 190 10 , , PUNCT ital-2309 190 11 barrios barrio NOUN ital-2309 190 12 , , PUNCT ital-2309 190 13 and and CCONJ ital-2309 190 14 the the DET ital-2309 190 15 american american ADJ ital-2309 190 16 city city NOUN ital-2309 190 17 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 190 18 new new PROPN ital-2309 190 19 york york PROPN ital-2309 190 20 : : PUNCT ital-2309 190 21 russell russell PROPN ital-2309 190 22 sage sage PROPN ital-2309 190 23 foundation foundation PROPN ital-2309 190 24 , , PUNCT ital-2309 190 25 1997 1997 NUM ital-2309 190 26 ) ) PUNCT ital-2309 190 27 . . PUNCT ital-2309 191 1 26 26 NUM ital-2309 191 2 . . PUNCT ital-2309 191 3 edward edward PROPN ital-2309 191 4 w. w. PROPN ital-2309 191 5 soja soja PROPN ital-2309 191 6 , , PUNCT ital-2309 191 7 postmodern postmodern ADJ ital-2309 191 8 geographies geography NOUN ital-2309 191 9 : : PUNCT ital-2309 191 10 the the DET ital-2309 191 11 reassertion reassertion NOUN ital-2309 191 12 of of ADP ital-2309 191 13 space space NOUN ital-2309 191 14 in in ADP ital-2309 191 15 critical critical ADJ ital-2309 191 16 social social ADJ ital-2309 191 17 theory theory NOUN ital-2309 191 18 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 191 19 new new PROPN ital-2309 191 20 york york PROPN ital-2309 191 21 : : PUNCT ital-2309 191 22 verso verso PROPN ital-2309 191 23 , , PUNCT ital-2309 191 24 1989 1989 NUM ital-2309 191 25 ) ) PUNCT ital-2309 191 26 . . PUNCT ital-2309 192 1 27 27 NUM ital-2309 192 2 . . PUNCT ital-2309 192 3 collin collin PROPN ital-2309 192 4 gordon gordon PROPN ital-2309 192 5 , , PUNCT ital-2309 192 6 mapping mapping NOUN ital-2309 192 7 decline decline NOUN ital-2309 192 8 : : PUNCT ital-2309 192 9 st st PROPN ital-2309 192 10 . . PROPN ital-2309 192 11 louis louis PROPN ital-2309 192 12 and and CCONJ ital-2309 192 13 the the DET ital-2309 192 14 fate fate NOUN ital-2309 192 15 of of ADP ital-2309 192 16 the the DET ital-2309 192 17 american american ADJ ital-2309 192 18 city city NOUN ital-2309 192 19 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 192 20 university university PROPN ital-2309 192 21 of of ADP ital-2309 192 22 pennsylvania pennsylvania PROPN ital-2309 192 23 press press PROPN ital-2309 192 24 , , PUNCT ital-2309 192 25 2008 2008 NUM ital-2309 192 26 ) ) PUNCT ital-2309 192 27 . . PUNCT ital-2309 193 1 28 28 NUM ital-2309 193 2 . . PUNCT ital-2309 193 3 ibid ibid NOUN ital-2309 193 4 . . PUNCT ital-2309 194 1 http://www.jstor.org/stable/415697 http://www.jstor.org/stable/415697 X ital-2309 194 2 http://blogs.edweek.org/edweek/beyond_schools/2012/12/museums_and_libraries_awarded_12_million_to_build_learning_labs_for_youth.html http://blogs.edweek.org/edweek/beyond_schools/2012/12/museums_and_libraries_awarded_12_million_to_build_learning_labs_for_youth.html NOUN ital-2309 194 3 http://blogs.edweek.org/edweek/beyond_schools/2012/12/museums_and_libraries_awarded_12_million_to_build_learning_labs_for_youth.html http://blogs.edweek.org/edweek/beyond_schools/2012/12/museums_and_libraries_awarded_12_million_to_build_learning_labs_for_youth.html NOUN ital-2309 194 4 social social ADJ ital-2309 194 5 contexts context NOUN ital-2309 194 6 of of ADP ital-2309 194 7 new new ADJ ital-2309 194 8 media medium NOUN ital-2309 194 9 literacies literacy NOUN ital-2309 194 10 : : PUNCT ital-2309 194 11 mapping map VERB ital-2309 194 12 libraries| libraries| ADJ ital-2309 194 13 thorne thorne NOUN ital-2309 194 14 - - PUNCT ital-2309 194 15 wallington wallington PROPN ital-2309 194 16 65 65 NUM ital-2309 194 17 29 29 NUM ital-2309 194 18 . . PUNCT ital-2309 195 1 ernest ernest PROPN ital-2309 195 2 morrell morrell PROPN ital-2309 195 3 , , PUNCT ital-2309 195 4 “ " PUNCT ital-2309 195 5 critical critical ADJ ital-2309 195 6 approaches approach NOUN ital-2309 195 7 to to ADP ital-2309 195 8 media medium NOUN ital-2309 195 9 in in ADP ital-2309 195 10 urban urban ADJ ital-2309 195 11 english english PROPN ital-2309 195 12 language language NOUN ital-2309 195 13 arts art NOUN ital-2309 195 14 teacher teacher NOUN ital-2309 195 15 development development NOUN ital-2309 195 16 . . PUNCT ital-2309 195 17 ” " PUNCT ital-2309 196 1 30 30 NUM ital-2309 196 2 . . PUNCT ital-2309 197 1 missouri missouri PROPN ital-2309 197 2 department department PROPN ital-2309 197 3 of of ADP ital-2309 197 4 elementary elementary PROPN ital-2309 197 5 and and CCONJ ital-2309 197 6 secondary secondary ADJ ital-2309 197 7 education education NOUN ital-2309 197 8 , , PUNCT ital-2309 197 9 http://dese.mo.gov/dsm/. http://dese.mo.gov/dsm/. ADP ital-2309 197 10 31 31 NUM ital-2309 197 11 . . PUNCT ital-2309 198 1 david david PROPN ital-2309 198 2 allen allen PROPN ital-2309 198 3 , , PUNCT ital-2309 198 4 gis gis PROPN ital-2309 198 5 tutorial tutorial PROPN ital-2309 198 6 ii ii PROPN ital-2309 198 7 : : PUNCT ital-2309 198 8 spatial spatial ADJ ital-2309 198 9 analysis analysis NOUN ital-2309 198 10 workbook workbook NOUN ital-2309 198 11 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 198 12 redlands redland VERB ital-2309 198 13 , , PUNCT ital-2309 198 14 ca can AUX ital-2309 198 15 : : PUNCT ital-2309 198 16 esri esri PROPN ital-2309 198 17 press press NOUN ital-2309 198 18 , , PUNCT ital-2309 198 19 2009 2009 NUM ital-2309 198 20 ) ) PUNCT ital-2309 198 21 . . PUNCT ital-2309 199 1 32 32 NUM ital-2309 199 2 . . PUNCT ital-2309 200 1 becker becker PROPN ital-2309 200 2 et et PROPN ital-2309 200 3 al al PROPN ital-2309 200 4 . . PROPN ital-2309 200 5 , , PUNCT ital-2309 200 6 opportunity opportunity NOUN ital-2309 200 7 for for ADP ital-2309 200 8 all all PRON ital-2309 200 9 : : PUNCT ital-2309 200 10 how how SCONJ ital-2309 200 11 the the DET ital-2309 200 12 american american ADJ ital-2309 200 13 public public ADJ ital-2309 200 14 benefits benefit NOUN ital-2309 200 15 from from ADP ital-2309 200 16 internet internet NOUN ital-2309 200 17 access access NOUN ital-2309 200 18 at at ADP ital-2309 200 19 u.s u.s PROPN ital-2309 200 20 . . PROPN ital-2309 200 21 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 200 22 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 200 23 washington washington PROPN ital-2309 200 24 , , PUNCT ital-2309 200 25 dc dc PROPN ital-2309 200 26 : : PUNCT ital-2309 200 27 institute institute PROPN ital-2309 200 28 of of ADP ital-2309 200 29 museum museum PROPN ital-2309 200 30 and and CCONJ ital-2309 200 31 library library NOUN ital-2309 200 32 services service NOUN ital-2309 200 33 ) ) PUNCT ital-2309 200 34 . . PUNCT ital-2309 201 1 33 33 NUM ital-2309 201 2 . . PUNCT ital-2309 202 1 lisa lisa PROPN ital-2309 202 2 tripp tripp PROPN ital-2309 202 3 , , PUNCT ital-2309 202 4 “ " PUNCT ital-2309 202 5 digital digital ADJ ital-2309 202 6 youth youth NOUN ital-2309 202 7 , , PUNCT ital-2309 202 8 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 202 9 , , PUNCT ital-2309 202 10 and and CCONJ ital-2309 202 11 new new ADJ ital-2309 202 12 media medium NOUN ital-2309 202 13 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 202 14 . . PUNCT ital-2309 202 15 ” " PUNCT ital-2309 203 1 34 34 NUM ital-2309 203 2 . . PUNCT ital-2309 204 1 becker becker PROPN ital-2309 204 2 et et PROPN ital-2309 204 3 al al PROPN ital-2309 204 4 . . PROPN ital-2309 204 5 , , PUNCT ital-2309 204 6 opportunity opportunity NOUN ital-2309 204 7 for for ADP ital-2309 204 8 all all PRON ital-2309 204 9 : : PUNCT ital-2309 204 10 how how SCONJ ital-2309 204 11 the the DET ital-2309 204 12 american american ADJ ital-2309 204 13 public public ADJ ital-2309 204 14 benefits benefit NOUN ital-2309 204 15 from from ADP ital-2309 204 16 internet internet NOUN ital-2309 204 17 access access NOUN ital-2309 204 18 at at ADP ital-2309 204 19 u.s u.s PROPN ital-2309 204 20 . . PROPN ital-2309 204 21 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 204 22 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 204 23 washington washington PROPN ital-2309 204 24 , , PUNCT ital-2309 204 25 dc dc PROPN ital-2309 204 26 : : PUNCT ital-2309 204 27 institute institute PROPN ital-2309 204 28 of of ADP ital-2309 204 29 museum museum PROPN ital-2309 204 30 and and CCONJ ital-2309 204 31 library library NOUN ital-2309 204 32 services service NOUN ital-2309 204 33 ) ) PUNCT ital-2309 204 34 . . PUNCT ital-2309 205 1 35 35 NUM ital-2309 205 2 . . X ital-2309 205 3 collin collin PROPN ital-2309 205 4 gordon gordon PROPN ital-2309 205 5 , , PUNCT ital-2309 205 6 mapping mapping NOUN ital-2309 205 7 decline decline NOUN ital-2309 205 8 : : PUNCT ital-2309 205 9 st st PROPN ital-2309 205 10 . . PROPN ital-2309 205 11 louis louis PROPN ital-2309 205 12 and and CCONJ ital-2309 205 13 the the DET ital-2309 205 14 fate fate NOUN ital-2309 205 15 of of ADP ital-2309 205 16 the the DET ital-2309 205 17 american american ADJ ital-2309 205 18 city city NOUN ital-2309 205 19 . . PUNCT ital-2309 206 1 36 36 X ital-2309 206 2 . . PUNCT ital-2309 206 3 see see VERB ital-2309 206 4 mwalimu mwalimu PROPN ital-2309 206 5 shujaa shujaa PROPN ital-2309 206 6 , , PUNCT ital-2309 206 7 beyond beyond ADP ital-2309 206 8 desegregation desegregation NOUN ital-2309 206 9 : : PUNCT ital-2309 206 10 the the DET ital-2309 206 11 politics politic NOUN ital-2309 206 12 of of ADP ital-2309 206 13 quality quality NOUN ital-2309 206 14 in in ADP ital-2309 206 15 african african ADJ ital-2309 206 16 american american PROPN ital-2309 206 17 schooling schooling NOUN ital-2309 206 18 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 206 19 thousand thousand NUM ital-2309 206 20 oaks oak NOUN ital-2309 206 21 , , PUNCT ital-2309 206 22 ca can AUX ital-2309 206 23 : : PUNCT ital-2309 206 24 corwin corwin PROPN ital-2309 206 25 , , PUNCT ital-2309 206 26 1996 1996 NUM ital-2309 206 27 ) ) PUNCT ital-2309 206 28 ; ; PUNCT ital-2309 206 29 william william PROPN ital-2309 206 30 j. j. PROPN ital-2309 206 31 wilson wilson PROPN ital-2309 206 32 , , PUNCT ital-2309 206 33 the the PRON ital-2309 206 34 truly truly ADV ital-2309 206 35 disadvantaged disadvantaged ADJ ital-2309 206 36 : : PUNCT ital-2309 206 37 the the DET ital-2309 206 38 inner inner ADJ ital-2309 206 39 city city NOUN ital-2309 206 40 , , PUNCT ital-2309 206 41 the the DET ital-2309 206 42 underclass underclass NOUN ital-2309 206 43 , , PUNCT ital-2309 206 44 and and CCONJ ital-2309 206 45 public public ADJ ital-2309 206 46 policy policy NOUN ital-2309 206 47 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 206 48 chicago chicago PROPN ital-2309 206 49 : : PUNCT ital-2309 206 50 university university PROPN ital-2309 206 51 of of ADP ital-2309 206 52 chicago chicago PROPN ital-2309 206 53 press press PROPN ital-2309 206 54 , , PUNCT ital-2309 206 55 1987 1987 NUM ital-2309 206 56 ) ) PUNCT ital-2309 206 57 ; ; PUNCT ital-2309 206 58 gary gary PROPN ital-2309 206 59 orfield orfield PROPN ital-2309 206 60 and and CCONJ ital-2309 206 61 mindy mindy PROPN ital-2309 206 62 l. l. PROPN ital-2309 206 63 kornhaber kornhaber PROPN ital-2309 206 64 , , PUNCT ital-2309 206 65 raising raise VERB ital-2309 206 66 standards standard NOUN ital-2309 206 67 or or CCONJ ital-2309 206 68 raising raise VERB ital-2309 206 69 barriers barrier NOUN ital-2309 206 70 : : PUNCT ital-2309 206 71 inequality inequality NOUN ital-2309 206 72 and and CCONJ ital-2309 206 73 highstakes highstake NOUN ital-2309 206 74 testing test VERB ital-2309 206 75 in in ADP ital-2309 206 76 public public ADJ ital-2309 206 77 education education NOUN ital-2309 206 78 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 206 79 new new PROPN ital-2309 206 80 york york PROPN ital-2309 206 81 : : PUNCT ital-2309 206 82 century century PROPN ital-2309 206 83 foundation foundation PROPN ital-2309 206 84 , , PUNCT ital-2309 206 85 2010 2010 NUM ital-2309 206 86 ) ) PUNCT ital-2309 206 87 . . PUNCT ital-2309 206 88 http://dese.mo.gov/dsm/ http://dese.mo.gov/dsm/ X