The church in rural life THE CHURCH IN CATHOUC HOUR tT. REV. MSCR LEO J. STECK t ;V i *1 i'- "'_ < v:”' Mi; \ ' f*.' / \ - I «< S-, . •U ! s / • -V \ « ; .» •- •> .1 j m V / X 1 3* <- < :Vi 4i *• *^V .i;^- 4 •• n •'' T # > « % & I ' / i -r ^ ** > it # . >a •> THE MODERN CRUSADE Address Given On September 7, 1947 It is but natural for the Cath- olic Church to take an active in- terest in the problems of the peo- ple living in rural America. Christ, Her Divine Founder, took just such an interest in the peo- ple with whom He lived. He was born on the outskirts of a small town of Bethlehem, where His companions were the beasts of the field, and His first adorers, the shepherds who watched their sheep on the hills of the Holy Land. Not . in the larger cities did He spend His youth, but again in the small town of Nazareth. His parables are stories of Rural Life. All examples are taken from such things as the wheat of the field, the fruit of the tree, the lost sheep. The birds of the air, the lilies of the field are all used to remind man not to be too solicitous for the things of this world, and to tell man that not even Solomon in all his glory was arrayed as one lily. His companions were farm- ers, shepherds, fishermen. He lived with country people and loved the country-side where He preached the Sermon on the Mount. When He died, it was upon a tree He was placed fast with huge nails, and from which He Gave up His soul to His Fa- ther in Heaven. His tomb, like the place of His birth, was a limestone cave. The Church, from Monte Cas- sino down the centuries to Mary- knoll, has produced men who took an active interest in the tillers of the soil. The Benedictines of the fifth century are bound to the religious of the twentieth century, not only by the same Faith, the same Sacraments, the same moral principles, liturgical practices, and priesthood, but also by the same interest in rural communities. In the United States of Amer- ica, the Catholic Church is, for the most part, an Urban Institu- tion. Forty-four of its one hun- dred-sixteen dioceses are found in the industrial northeast, the area east of Milwaukee and St. Louis and north of a line drawn between Cincinnati and Balti- more. These dioceses have a combined Catholic population of 16,000,000 or sixty-six per cent of the total number in the United 8 THE CHURCH IN RURAL LIFE States. In these forty-four dio- ceses, despite the fact that the Catholic population soars over the million mark in cities such as New York, Brooklyn, Chicago, _ and Boston, in ten of the rural dioceses of the same area, it drops below the level of 100,000, falling as low as 32,000 in the diocese of Lafayette, Indiana. The United States Census for Religious Bodies, classified the membership of the Catholic Church as eighty per cent urban and twenty per cent rurah A study of such conditions prompted a young priest, Father Edwin V. O'Hara, of Eugene, Oregon, now Bishop O'Hara of Kansas City, Missouri, to take the role of a Crusader to interest members of the American Hier- archy, the clergy, religious, and the laity, to begin a movement and to start an organization to remedy the sad situation. Father O'Hara was rewarded for all the sacrifices he had made when the late John Cardinal Glennon in- vited him to come to St. Louis, meet with the members of the Central Bureau, and start the Catholic Rural Life Conference. That was in the fall of 1923, and here in St. Louis, within the shadow of this magnificent St. Francis Xavier Church, the mustard seed of the conference was planted in fertile soil. Al- most twenty-five years have pass- ed by, during which time much good has been accomplished for God and Country. During that quarter century many distinguished members of the American Hierarchy have served as President to guide the Catholic Rural Life Conference along a course that would make for a permanent and representa- tive organization. In the years of its existence more than sixty Dioceses have Directors to su- pervise a workable diocesan pro- gram. A board of Directors, made up of clergy and laity, has produced a well-thought out, and workable program for the entire United States. Numerous books and pamphlets have been written on the Rural Life Pro- gram together with a most com- prehensive Manifesto on Rural Life, presented to enlighten the public on the Catholic Philosophy of Rural Living. A National Office has been established in Des Moines, Iowa, with the gen- erous permission of the Most Reverend Gerald T. Bergan, who graciously consented to allow the Rural Life office to have the services of one of his most zeal- ous and energetic priests. Mon- signor L. J. Ligutti, who has done more than any other living THE MODERN CRUSADE 0 person to make this new crusade known to the citizens of this nation. It is a crusade to improve the economic, social, and spiritual conditions of bur fellow citizens living on the land. It is a Cru- sade for God, our homes, our fields. Do we realize every time we sit down at table to enjoy the food placed before us, the hero- ic effort, the back-breaking work, the unseen heartaches endured by the men and women who made these gifts possible? Do we real- ize, that practically everything we eat—the clothes we wear, the furniture we use, the fuel to heat our homes, the ornaments that adorn our churches, homes and schools—all these come from Mother Earth—Good Earth? Yes, all this is God's gift to man. There is something in every man that urges him to go back to the land, to enjoy the beauties of nature, to gaze at forest and mountain, river and stream, flower and field and say: ‘‘God has created all these things." One need not be a poet to fill his soul with such uplift- ing thoughts. This modern Crusade has tak- en up the cause of the farmer and his family to make life more human and the burdens lighter. But this Crusade works not only for the body of man, but also for his soul's wel- fare. There is little sense in asking Catholics or any other people to move to the farm and make it a way of life, unless they have the same opportunities for the practice of their religion, and the education of their chil- dren that are available in the large cities. Without such op- portunities there will be a loss of faith and religion—a thing which has happened in all too many instances in past decades. Recently this new crusade has undertaken, with the aid of clergy and laity, a program of street-preaching and lecturing in the open forum, to bring the doctrines of the Church to those who know her not. Paul of old went into the city of Athens in the Areopagus to preach the “un- known God"; in the present day we need more St. Pauls to preach the unknown Christ and His doc- trines. In order to care for the relig- iously underprivileged, group, the New Crusade, the Rural Life Conference, has sought to arouse interest in the impor- tance of the problem and has developed a technique Tor its so- lution. The Religious Vacation School Movement, the Religious Correspondence Courses, and the 10 THE CHURCH IN RURAL LIFE Confraternity of Christian Doc- trine, have been fostered and are used by the National Catho- lic Rural Life Conference. Every effort is being made to establish Catholic rural hos- pitals, to build and maintain small Catholic rural schools, and to provide Missionary Sister- hoods for home visitation and instruction in scattered rural districts. By such methods, the spiritual and corporal works of mercy can be preached and, above all, prac- ticed. St. James tells us: ‘‘Be ye doers of the word and not hear- ers only.’’ This is a work that will tax the intelligent, prudent zeal of the clergy, religious, and laity of the Catholic Church in America. It will mean sacrifice of time, talent, and money. But all our talents, money, and energy are but gifts from God, instru- ments in the hands of God, and we are to use them for His greater honor-and glory and for the extension of Christ’s King- dom on earth : “Thy kingdom come.” For the full development of human personality, the greater good of the family, the welfare of the Church, and the mainten- ance of a democracy, rural liv- ing is the desirable mode of life for a greater number of people, perhaps a fifty-fifty balance rath- er than the twenty-eighty ratio of today. In recent times, we have heard much and read more of the dis- placed persons in Europe and other parts of the world. Their indescribable physical, moral, and spiritual plight has been pre- sented by honest men and wom- en who have visited the camps . in which these unfortunates, are kept. Everyone agrees some- / thing must be done. Hunger is taking its toll among the men, women, and especially, the chil- dren. Disease is increasing and, if allowed to go unchecked the entire world will feel the ef- fects. The four horsemen, es- pecially hunger and disease, are spreading fear, panic, and de- spair in many parts of the world. Our nation is feeding large por- tions of the world, and according to the estimate of thinking men, that will be our privilege of charity for some time to come. These displaced persons must be rehabilitated.' Why not allow a reasonable number to come to the United States, settle on farms, and help produce the food their own people need so badly? After a very careful survey, it has been discovered that many parts of the United States are in need THE MODERN CRUSADE 11 of such farm help, and the Amer- ican people living there are most willing and anxious to have some displaced European farmers as- sist them in producing the grain necessary to feed the world. Never have millions prayed more fervently: ‘‘Give us this day our daily bread.'' This in brief is the history, the program and in small part it the achievements of the National Catholic Rural Life Conference —^the modern crusade. Pope Pius XII, gloriously reigning says : “We are well aware how much the moral recovery of the whole people depen’ds on a class of farmers socially sound and re- ligiously firm . . . God gave man the earth for his cultivation as the most beautiful and honorable occupation in the natural order . . . Notwithstanding all his dif- ficulties, the tiller of the soil rep- resents the natural order of things willed by God. The farm- er knows that man, by his labor. is to control material things ; that material things are not to control man." Friends of the Catholic Hour, won't you join with me in offer- ing a prayer to God, Who Alone can give and preserve the fruits of the earth, so urgently needed, to feed His starving children. “0 God, Source and Giver of all things. Who dost manifest Thy infinite majesty, power and goodness in the earth about us, we give Thee honor and glory. For the sun and rain, for the manifold fruits of our fields, for the increase of our herds and flocks, we thank you. For the enrichment of our souls with di- vine grace, we are grateful. Supreme Lord of the harvest, graciously accept us and the fruits of our toil, in union with Christ, Thy Son, as atonement for our sins, for the growth of Thy Church, for peace and Char- ity in our homes, for the salva- tion to all. Amen." RELIGION AND THE RURAL HOME IN AMERICA Address Given On September 14, 1947 With a large proportion of our American people practical pa- gans who have no religious af- filiation whatsoever, we are fac- ing a very serious problem that may prove more destructive than the dreaded atom bomb. More than 70,000,000 American peo- ple do not come under the be- nign influence of religion. Ap- proximately 20,000,000 American homes are deprived of religious influence. If the first line of Americans defense is found in the hearths and homes of rural America, then these homes must be kept strong. When I say, therefore, that the first line of America’s defense is found in the hearths and homes of rural America, I mean that America’s first line of defense is the preser- vation of religion in those rural homes. Take religion from our homes, and the homes themselves will perish. Take religion from our homes, and all the armament in creation, all the wealth and organization of mighty minds, and a huge nation will be as helpless as Chinese paper drag- ons against a country or govern- ment which will invade and de- stroy us. These are no idle words, no mere ponderings of a pious philosopher or cynical pes- simist. They speak the living fact, and we must face this fact or perish. If proof be required, look at those nations that out- lawed God and substituted man. A sorry spectacle today, with their people impoverished, disil- lusioned, their cities destroyed, their honor impaired. We must learn from the history of the world. The lack of religion in the home of our American people is of serious concern to leaders of both Church and state. The mem- bers of the educational commis- sion appointed by the Chamber of Commerce of the State of New York make this observa- tion: “We are convinced that the great lack in our homes and in our national life is the lack of true, simple religion.” If this nation does not maintain its re- ligious foundation, its whole structure will fail. With gen- eration after generation of our youth growing into manhood and womanhood without religious in- struction in their homes or schools, a real danger confronts the future welfare of our provi- RELIGION AND THE RURAL HOME IN AMERICA 13 dentially discovered and pre- served nation. We need a gen- eration of boys and girls, filled with a spirit of spiritual con- quest, determined to lead a full, abundant, unashamed, Christian life, come what might. God at all times has manifest- ed the greatest concern for the safety and security of the home and family. The long history of the human race gives ample evidence of God’s special provi- dence for the. protection of the family. So great was God’s 16ve for home and family that His only-begotten Son was born of a Virgin Mother in the city of Bethlehem, and lived in the city of Nazareth, in a humble home, with Mary, His Mother, and St. Joseph, His foster-father, for eighteen years. Thus in a very marvelous manner did He sanc- tify the home and bless the hu- man family. We are told in the pages of the New Testament that ‘‘He went to Nazareth and was subject to them” {Luke 2:51). Christ began His public life by being present at the wed- ding feast of Cana and blessing that union and future home. His love for little children is known to all men and has been the in- spiration of artist and poet. “Suffer the little children, and forbid them not to come to me: for the kingdom of heaven is for such.” {Matthew i9:14) On another occasion. He con- demned in strongest terms, those who scandalize a little child : “He that shall scandalize one of these little ones that believe in Me, it were better for him that a millstone should be hanged about his neck and that he should be drowned in the depths of the sea” {Matthew 18:6). Even as Christ was dying on the cross He provided a home for His Blessed Mother,, when He en- trusted her for safe-keeping into the arms of St. John, the be- loved apostle. We are giving much attention to the economic and social evils that threaten our civilization and the future safety and secur- ity of this great nation. A com- mendable effort is being made to remedy these evils, but unless more attention is given to the greatest danger that threatens modern America, we are most certainly going to find “that the path, of glory leads but to the grave.” The most potent danger that threatens the present and future security of our Blessed land, is the alarming decline of religious influence in the homes of its citizens. The record of the infant days of our beloved country is a story THE CHURCH IN RURAL LIFE of ideals and . principles clothed with religion and found in every home; in the days of her youth, she was esteemed by nations as a Christian exemplar; in her early adult life she regarded re- ligion and morality as necessary elements in the permanent struc- ture of society. But today, al- though the statutes remain, an analyst points to the danger signals already appearing on the American horizon, and^ a non- Catholic commentator adds : “Un- less the churches can Christian- ize men and women, the world is going back to barbarism.” More and more each year are Chris- tian principles being relegated to the Limbo of the undesired; the last generation witnessed the rapid fall of America down the scale of morality; and the decade just past saw the criminal and the racketeer ascend to shameful prominence in our national life, where they have been placed up- on a pedestal to be venerated and imitated by the youth of the land. In no dark and ugly corner do we find the breeding of this dragon that pulls down our standard of security; it cannot be traced to the halls of the leg- islatures, nor does its unmistak- able imprint lead to the door of the classroom. Although many agencies have contributed to the decline, nevertheless it is un- questionably true that the finger or major responsibility must be placed upon the home. “Hast thou children ? instruct them, and bow down their neck from their childhood” (Ecclesiasticus 7 : 25). The home is the first school. It is the best, the most hallowed, and the most potential of all the academies; aiid the parent, es- pecially the mother, is the first, thd most influential, and the most cherished of all teachers. No human ordinance can abro- gate or annul the divine right of parents to rule their own households. The education of the child should begin at its mother’s knee. The mind of the child, like softened wax, receives first impressions with ease, and these - impressions last longest. “Train up a child in the way he should go; and when he is old, he will not depart from it.” A child is susceptible to instruction much earlier than parents commonly imagine. He has the capacity to perceive and apprehend the truth, though unable as yet to go through the process of reasoning and analysis. Mothers should watch with zealous eye the first unfolding of the infant mind. RELIGION AND THE RURAL HOME IN AMERICA 15 and pour into it the seed of heav- enly knowledge. A mother wields more power over her child than she often realizes. She is his oracle and prophet. She is his guide, phi- losopher, and friend. He never doubts what his mother tells him. The lesson he receives ac- quires additional force because it proceeds from one to whom he gave his first love, and whose image in after life, is indelibly stamped on his heart and mem- ory. Mothers, do not lose the golden opportunity you have of training your children in faith and morals while their hearts are open to drink in your every word. Mothers, you share the same home with your children; you frequently occupy the same room. You eat at the same table with them. They are habitually before your eyes. You are, therefore, the best fitted to in- struct them, and you can avail yourselves of every incident that presents itself and draw from it some appropriate moral re- flection. The most distinguished per- sonages who have adorned Chris- tianity by their apostolic vir- tues, or who have served their country by fine patriotism, or who have shed a luster on the home by the integrity of their private lives, have generally been men who had the happiness of receiving from pious parents early principles of moral recti- tude. The Vicars of Christ in their uninterrupted line have con- tinuously reminded the home of its responsibilities. The late Pope Pius XI, in a very special manner devoted himself to rec- ommendations for its greater stability. His letters on Chris- tian education and Christian marriage are masterful and scholarly efforts to build up the defences on its frontier. He re- iterates that it is in the school of schools—the home, that there is a lamentable decline in relig- ious and moral education which can be remedied only in the more effective discharge of the obliga- tions of the parents within the home. **lt is certain,^' he says, ‘That by the law both of nature and of God, this right and duty of educating their offspring be- longs, in the’ first place, to those who began the work of nature by giving them birth, and they are indeed forbidden to leave unfinished this work and expose it to certain ruin.'' “They that instruct many to justice [shall THE CHURCH IN RURAL LIFE shine] as stars for all eternity^' {Daniel 12:3). No intelligent man can ques- tion the importance of religion in the home of today. Where is the child to receive its first im- pressions of God, heaven, love of God and men, the virtues of charity and justice, obedience to authority, reverence for the Con- stitution, devotion to country, honesty, unless it be in the home? The Father of our coun- try, George Washington, in his memorable Favewell Addvess, as if inspired from on high, spoke to the citizens and especially to the makers of homes: “Let us indulge with caution the suppo- sition that a nation can long re- main moral without religion. ^ With the vision of a prophet he spoke to those who today have divorced religion from govern- ment, school, and home. Behold the long list of broken homes with all the evils that fol- low therefrom. In analyzing the alarming increase in juvenile criminals, Mr. J. Edgar Hoover of the FBI attributes it, at least in part, to the collapse of the home and the failure of parents to teach religion in the home. And so it is to you, mothers and fathers, builders of American homes that I appeal. Bring re- ligion back into your own lives; return to the faith of your fa- thers, for no one can give to his children what he himself does not possess. You provide abun- dantly for the needs of body and mind for yourselves and your children. But you deprive your- selves and them of the spiritual food that is the nourishment of your souls and without which no family, no society, no nation on the face of the earth is secure. Without religion there is no true morality. Any honest man has but to scan the history of the world in the past few decades to se- cure convincing proof of that fact. Wherever the worship of God and adherence to His law has been eradicated by govern- ments you have seen the tri- umph of force, of brutality, of denial of the most fundamental human rights. Deny God, re- ject religious principles, and there is no check upon the evil desires and actions of man whereof the world bears sorry witness at this very moment. You seek, and rightly so, to se- cure your physical well-being and to increase your store of sec- ular knowledge, but you are be- ing untrue to yourself in not pro- viding for the needs of your soul by seeking a knowledge of re- ligion and are thus depriving RELIGION AND THE RURAL HOME IN AMERICA 17 your children of a precious herit- age without which human society cannot endure. ‘To thine own- self be true and it must follow as the night the day, thou cans't not thto be false to any man,’' in the words of Shakespeare. It is only when parents realize that they themselves must be supernaturally equipped for their holy task and live accord- ing to the dictates of Christian principles that their children will so learn to live. Only when the parents live temperate lives, will the children understand the beauty of abstinence ; only when the parents live, think, and speak in terms of purity will the chil- dren appreciate the angelic vir- tue ; only when the parents honor each other, will the children un- derstand with conviction the meaning of “Honor thy father « and mother.” Bring religion back into the home and the future of this na- tion is secure. “Not in bread alone doth man live, but in every word that procedeth from the mouth of God” {Matthew 4:4), is as true today as it was when Christ spoke those words. “Seek ye . . . first the kingdom of God, and his justice, and all these things shall be added unto you” {Matthew fi:33), is as encour- aging and consoling today as it was when Jesus walked the earth as the God-man. Allow these agencies, that today are threat- ening our American homes, to continue without strong inter- ference, and the same fate that befell proud, cultured Greece and mighty, pagan Rome will be ours. We are no wiser than Greece nor mightier than Rome. There can be no genuine democracy with- . out God. A so-called democracy without God is a Frankenstein monster that will destroy its creators. If the home fails in its duty to the child, the child will fail in its duties to God and* to society. But with the restora- tion of religion in the sacred confines of the home, we can look forward with the confidence that this nation with all its glor- ious traditions will continue to be the home of freedom and de- mocracy, the haven of the op- pressed and the persecuted. May God continue to bless and pro- tect our American homes. Won’t you join with me in offering this petition to God, through the intercession of Mary, Christ’s Immaculate Moth- er, for the safety and future se- curity of our homes, rural and urban : “0 Mary Immaculate, guard with loving care this country dedicated to thee. Let thy purity 18 THE CHURCH IN RURAL LIFE keep it pure. Watch over its in- tion to teach all nations of the stitutions. As thou art the refuge world, by word and example, the of all sinners, let this country principles of well-regulated lib- continue to be the .refuge of erty and reverence for the rights the exiled and the oppressed, of all men.” Let it never forget its high voca- God be with you, alwayi. % MISSIONARIES IN RURAL AMERICA Address Given On September 21, 1947 The Catholic Church, Christ's Church, must always be a Mis- sionary Society. Her Divine Founder gave the Command: “Go, therefore, and make dis- ciples of all nations . . . teach- ing them to observe all that I have commanded you, and behold, I am with you all days, even unto the consummation of the world" (Matthew 28:19-20). The Apostles and their immediate successors brought the message of the Gospel to the Roman Empire and the Greek World. In spite of fire and sword, persecu- tions and plunderings, the doc- trine of Christ entered the homes and hearts of patrician and plebeian, of the Greek and Ro- man civilization. The migrating millions of Teu- ton and Vandol tribes were tamed not by the sword but by the soothing doctrine of charity, by the teaching of men's dignity, that dignity which resulted from man's having been made to the image and likeness of God and from which dignity issues the equality of master and slave in the sight of God. These Bar- barian tribes became the great Christian nations under the leadership of such missioners as Patrick to Ireland, Remigius to France, Boniface to Germany, Austin to England. All became one in Christ. One Faith, one Baptism, one set of Sacraments, one in Authority. Into every part of the world this doctrine has been carried by missionaries filled with the love of God and their fellow men. The greatest, since the days of St. Paul, undoubtedly is St. Francis Xavier, who unfurled Christ's banner, the cross, in the Orient with its teeming mil- lions. To our own providentially dis- covered country came the Fran- ciscan padres with the discov- erers themselves. They in turn were followed by the white- robed Dominicans, the black- robed Jesuits, the Redemptorists, the Passionists and many others. Since the foundation of the Archdiocese of Baltimore, No- vember 1, 1789, a legion of dio- cesan clergy joined these zealous missionaries. From the tiny mustard seed planted in “Mary’s land,” 120 dioceses have grown, 20 THE CHURCH IN RURAL LIFE with 153 Archbishops and Bish- ops constituting the American Hierarchy, under whom approxi- mately 40,000 priests serve 30,- 000,000 Catholics, or teach the 400,000 students in 2,400 high schools, colleges, and universi- ties. That is a rich contribu- tion to the spiritual and cultural development of this divinely pre- served republic. Christian cul- • ture is stamped on every portion of the United States through the self-sacrificing efforts of those . who make up the membership of the Catholic Church. In peace and in war they have responded to the call of the country’s lead- ers. In spite of the remarkable / growth of the Catholic Church in the United States much re- mains to be accomplished. Our growth, for the most part, has been and still is in the urban portion of the nation. We are a small minority compared with the more than one hundred mil- lion who are outside the church. What is the true picture? The population in the United States is a little more than 141,000,000 souls, of these approximately 30,000,000 are members of the Catholic Church, and some of these only nominal Catholics. That makes us a very small mi- nority indeed. In this nation there are 3,000 counties of which f one third or 1,000 have neither priests nor Catholic Churches. Placed together their combined area equals 757,000 square miles. It is a territory as large as twelve average states. It is large enough to form a nation the size of Old Mexico with a population equal to that of Canada, and let us remember that these counties include many regions where the birth-rate is the highest in America. The people living in these rural areas have excellent traits that endear them to visitors. These people have a strong love for children, and their: homes, as has been stated, are blessed with many of them. In this they have resisted the mod- ern trend to small families. Their loyalty to home and fam- ily ties is outstanding. They are kind-hearted and generous. But, most important of all, there is in them an instinctive love of religion, even among those who have no practical working knowl- edge of it and profess no al- legience to any church. These conditions in the United States were carefully studied and surveyed by a young priest. Fa- ther Howard Bishop, a charter member of the Catholic Rural Life Conference, the Modern MISSIONARIES IN RURAL AMERICA 21 Crusade in America. With a stout heart/ strong faith in God and man, zeal for souls, he de- sired to begin a society known as the Home Missioners of America. Father Bishop beheld millions of people, his own American kith and kin, sitting in the darkness and in the shad- ow of death. He felt something must be done about it. He journeyed the length and breadth of the land surveying the prob- lem, then waiting, imploring an answer to the challenge which he perceived. His beginnings were not only difficult, they were a veritable martyrdom of the soul which groped through the black night. All beginnings which are born of God encounter these obstacles. They are a strange, but almost infallible guarantee of the presence of the finger of God. They are the trials before which strong men sometimes succumb. But Father Bishop carried on in season and out of season. He was con- vinced that the Good God who had done so much for America would not permit a great mass of Americans to move on without knowing Him or the unspeakable blessings of His Redemption. Less than eight years ago the answer came to his prayers and watchings. His great benefac- tor, the scholarly son of St. Dominic, the Most Reverend John T. McNicholas, Archbishop of Cincinnati, Ohio, permitted him to start his work in Glen- dale; Ohio—Glenmary as it is known. In less than eight years the spirit of Glenmary has caught on. Otherwise, how shall we explain the fact that already eighteen priests are affiliated with the work? How shall we explain the students who have come to place their youthful souls and energies and talents at the disposal of this great Amer- ican Missionary movement, a vital part of the Modern Cru- sade ? How shall we interpret the presence of a band of enthus- iastic young women who have renounced their lives and ca- reers in the world to cooperate in this apostolate? There is nothing but humanly humdrum existence among America’s submarginal farms, unspectacular village streets, and mountain cabins. Along Tobacco Road they plod their weary way. But for them it is the Road of High Romance because they are able to bring to America’s for- gotten men the glow of new in- spiration, a new purpose for liv- ing, the abiding presence of the Eucharistic King, the sanctify- 22 THE CHURCH IN RURAL LIFE ing effects of the seven sacred sacraments. And what sustains them is the important fact that wherever they go, toiling up mountain trails, through the ooze of dismal swamps, there walks beside them the figure of a Car- penter, who was born in a stable, who grew up in a hidden hill town, who chose twelve poor country laborers for His com- panions, but who conquered a world. What is the most urgent need of the Home Missioners of Amer- ica today? The answer is simple —missioners—fine young men and young women, with their deep faith and pure, strong, fear- less souls, to come and be sol- diers of Christ in a great enter- prise that can save the world, that can save our dear, loved country from final defeat in time and eternity. How vast the harvest to be gathered and how few the laborers! For the phys- ical preservation of our coun- try, millions of brave men and women offered their lives. What will you, dear listeners, offer to save her soul? The Church of Christ is alive to this need, but she needs human instruments to carry on her divine mission. She I is alive to the invitation of the Divine Master : ‘‘Come, follow Me,’’ that is beckoning to her young men and young women — the flower of her great army of souls—to battle with the peace- ful weapons of love, truth, and charity, for the salvation of the millions. Yes, the Church in America needs missioners who are filled with an apostolic zeal, burning with the original pentecostal fire; missioners, who have the love of God and their fellow men as the two great guiding lights in their labors of love. It may be impossible for you, dear listener, to enter the re- ligious life and embark upon a mission of mercy by preaching and practicing the spiritual and corporal works of mercy, but you can be represented by some priest or nun. I have known of many cases where people have educated seminarians on their long, difficult road to the priest- hood. Maybe God has not sent a vocation to your son, but you can share in that great honor by having an adopted son stand at the altar of God, working in the “no-man’s” land of America. You can help him by your pray- ers and sacrifices once he is actually on the Missions, bearing the burdens of the day, the heat of summer, and the cold of win- ter. “Be ye doers of the Word and not hearers only.” You will MISSIONARIES IN RURAL AMERICA have the great consolation of knowing, that the words of Sa- cred Scripture are applicable to you. ‘‘He that instructeth an- other unto glory shall shine as the stars for all eternity.^' There are many business men and .business women who have placed their God on the list of stock-holders in their business. When the business has flour- ished, they have given God the same dividend they gave them- selves or other members of their firm. In the langauge of Pope Pius XI, remember: “There is so much to be done and so little time in which to do it.’’ And then there are the Gold Star Mothers and Fathers, who may be in a position to build a permanent monument to the memory of a dear son who made the supreme sacrifice. They could build a small mission chapel. It will bring such peo- ple great consolation to know that somewhere they are making it possible for others to share in the Redemption of Him who made the supreme sacrifice on the hill of Golgatha. There have been many of the larger, more thickly populated places, and wealthier dioceses who support a poor diocese with its hundreds of priestless coun- ties. Is it asking too much to have the large cities understaffed in order to give one or more priests to those places where there are none? The Missions must not suffer. It has been demonstrated that where dioceses send missioners to other lands or other dioceses, God sends an increase in vocations to the mis- sion-minded Ordinaries. Many a large parish with its debts paid, its people well established, have adopted a small struggling mis- sion in the southern part of this nation. It is the only way in which these impoverished Bish- ops, priests, religious and under- privileged laity will be able to succeed. The few parishioners in these missions are generous according to their means, but they are so few and so scattered, they simply cannot carry the load. In a diocese in the middle West, a tiny mustard seed was planted thirteen years ago, when the Ordinary of that diocese or- ganized a Rural Life Conference for the benefit of his scattered missions. In a short time he succeeded in^ securing the whole- hearted support of the clergy, religious and devoted laity. To- day, that mustard seed has grown as a Cedar of Lebanon. In a little more than a decade, nineteen schools and eighteen churches have been built and 24 THE CHURCH IN RURAL LIFE paid for in whole or in part; forty school buses transport more than two thousand children to centrally located parochial schools; chapel cars fully-equip- ped bring the message of Christ and the Mystery of Faith—^the Mass—^to the people living in the mountain regions ; clothing, med- icines and medical aid are dis- tributed with lavish hand to Protestant, Jew and Catholic, to black and white, alike. This is only the beginning of a pro- gram, that with God's help and blessing will bring the truth of the Catholic Church to the most remote sections of that particu- lar diecese. A comprehensive plan will allow the laity to par- ticipate in the work of preach- ing in the wide open spaces and on the street corners, as did the disciples of old, who were lay- men. If such a program has suc- ceeded in some dioceses then it is reasonable to conclude, it can and will succeed in others. This is a challenge to the intelligence, zeal, and charity of the Catholic people of America. By their united efforts they can make Christ's prayer and prophecy come true : ‘‘Other, sheep I have, that are not of this fold: them also I must bring, and they shall hear my voice, and there shall be one fold and one shepherd" (John 10:16). Christ compared the exten- sion of His Kingdom to a har- vest. He scanned the entire world and said : “The harvest in- deed is great, but the labourers are few. Pray ye therefore the Lord of the harvest, that he send labourers into his harvest" (Mat- thew 9:37-38). Yes, pray, and sacrifice, for the Missions of America. “0 God, Who wiliest that all men should be saved and come to the knowledge of the truth send, we beseech Thee, labourers to Thy harvest, and give them to speak Thy word with all con- fidence, that Thy message may run and may be made plain, and that all people may know Thee, the only True God, and Him Whom Thou has sefit, Jesus Christ our Lord." Queen of the Missions: Pray for us ! WOMAN’S PART IN RURAL LIFE Address Given On September 28, 1947 Woman has played an impor- tant part in the history of the human race. God Himself has destined her to fill this role, for He is the authority for the state- ment: ‘‘It is not good for man to be alone.’’ In the book of Gen- esis we read that “the Lord God formed man of the slime of the earth, and breathed into his face the breath of life, and man became a living soul” {Genesis 2 :7) . But woman ; He formed not from the slime of the earth, but from the body of man. After it had been elevated to the super- natural state. Woman was to be man’s helpmate. She must be his counsellor and comforter ; she must encourage him when he is weak; reanimate him when he falls ; she must be his better self, his inspiration, his ideal. The condition of woman throughout paganism has been one of dishonor. She was degrad- ed by polygamy and divorce, and reduced to the position of being little less than the chattel and slave of man. “Woman makes the world from century to century,” therefore woman made paganism. The depths to which woman fell during paganism, show the heights she might have attained. The influence she exerted for the degradation of mankind, shows the influence she might have ex- erted for its elevation. While pre-historic times are shrouded in mystery and veiled in secrecy, we do have an ac- curate account of the, history of God’s Chosen People, in the pages of the Old Testament. There we, find the names of il- lustrious and distinguished men ; but with them we discover equal- ly illustrious and famous women. When Judith slew the Assyrian tyrant, Holofernes, her people acclaimed her : “Thou art the glory of Jerusalem, Thou art the joy of Israel, thou art the honor of our people.” The heroic mother of the Mac- habees beheld her seven sons tortured and slain in one day, and “bore it with good courage,, for the hope she had in God : and she bravely exhorted every one of them in her own language, be- ing filled with wisdom: and join- ing a “man’s heart to a woman’s thought” (2 Machahees 7:20-21). When her youngest son was to be 26 THE CHURCH IN RURAL LIFE killed, she was asked to counsel the boy to save his life by violat- ing the Mosaic Law. This moth- er, turning towards her son said : ‘T beseech thee, my son, look up- on heaven and earth, and all that is in them: and conc.!der that God made them out of nothing, and mankind also. So thou shalt not fear the tormentor, but be- ing made a worthy partner with thy brethren, receive death, that in that mercy I may receive thee again with thy brethren'' (2 Machabees 28-29). Many a mother would sacrifice her life for her sons ; it is a pure, a noble, and a brave mother who would sacrifice her sons for God. Words fail when we try to describe that woman, who is the connecting link between the Old # and the New Testament, Mary, Christ's Mother. She has been honored through the centuries by painter, poet and composer. She was saluted by the Archan- gel Gabriel: ‘‘Hail, full of grace, the Lord is with thee. Blessed art thou among women." (Luke 1:28). The Protestant Poet, Wordsworth referred to her as: “Our tainted nature's solitary boast." When the prophecy of Isaias, foretelling that a virgin should conceive and bear a son, was verified, the whole human race was rehabilitated. When she, whom we call in the Litany, the Morning Star, first appeared as the herald of the Rising Sun of Justice, there was realized here on earth, a living ideal of wom- anhood. Is it strange that this ideal of womanhood, this blessed vision of virginal purity, and of sweet motherhood, has not only changed the condition of wom- an, but has remade her stand- ards, her aims, her aspirations? Is it strange that she, “Our tainted nature's solitary boast," should have been so mighty an influence, though she wrote no books, made no discoveries in science, though outside of one short poem we have little record of what she said? The greatest powers for the good of man, have been the most silent. Thereafter, society felt the quickening pulse of a new life and the home took on a new character. From woman's throne beside the hearth, she influences the child and molds the character of the future citizen. Her homes for the poor and the aged, her hospitals for the sick and dis- eased have established standards of social activity, to which the world attempts to conform. The history of Christianity is filled with the names of women who have made rich contribu- WOMAN'S PART IN RURAL LIFE 27 tions to God, Church, home and culture. The youthful St. Agnes and St. Cecilia stand as models of Christian purity. St. Cather- ine of Alexandria, pure of heart and keen of mind, has been placed by the Church as the patroness of philosophy and philosophers. There is no bright- er gem in the crown of Christian civilization, than the daughter of the eldest daughter of the Church, St. Joan of Arc, who at the age of seventeen led her country's troops to a glorious victory over the invader; and who at the age of nineteen died a martyr's death at the stake, hav- ing been betrayed by her own people, condemned by those she rescued, and abandoned by the King she restored to power. In more recent times the name of St. Teresa, known and loved by all the world as ‘‘The Little Flower," serves as an inspiration to man and woman. Within the memory of all in this audience, one of the most recent names to be listed in the “Who's Who" of the Catholic Church, is St. Fran- cis Xavier Cabrini, known by the lovable title of . . . Mother Cabri- ni. / In the glorious history of this nation, who will attempt to list the names of those women, wives and mothers, who sacrificed a life of ease and comfort, to es- tablish new homes in the Amer- ican wilderness ? They came with the discoverers themselves, then with the explorers, then with the Colonists, who settled on the eastern ^d southern shores of what was to become the United States of America. They shared the hardships of a primitive * home, they braved the winter's cold and the summer's heat ; they faced the fierce Indians and battled plague and disease with untried means and methods. They stood side by side with their husbands and sons, to de- fend homes and extend frontiers. When new settlements were to be established far inland, these women did not hesitate to enter the caravan of covered wagons, to blaze a trail through forest and field and over turbulent riv- ers and uncharted seas. The west and northwest were opened by the sons and daughters of these hardy pioneering women. . Many did not reach their coveted goal. Their mortal remains lie bleached on the desert sands or the wide open spaces of the end- less prairie. These were cour- ageous women in the days when America was entirely rural. Ev- ery American citizen today, as he scans the glorious past, must offer a prayer of gratitude to 28 THE CHURCH IN RURAL LIFE God for these heroic mothers, who, when America was rural, carved the future of the great- est nation on the face of the earth. Modern woman must not be less courageous. Divine Provi- dence can supply whatever wom- en lack. When the wreckers of civilization can be daring, what excuse can women have before God, if they are less daring? “Launch out into the deep,’’ Christ urges. When we take Him at His Word, we always pull through. Into the hands of woman God has placed a sacred charge; the homes, the land, the liberty of our people. Men may strike the loudest blows, but the final de- cision in these matters rests with the women of the nation. Where 4 man’s clumsy reasoning fails, a woman’s insight will often save the truth. Today this nation and the world need that insight. It needs women whose keen minds and pure hearts will look beneath appearances and see those spiritual truths upon which rest our democracy, our prosper- ity and our endangered peace. Placing the Kingdom of Heaven first in their lives, they will do all in» their power to see that it is placed first in the lives of their fellow citizens. They will see that religion is honored not with mere lip service, but that its rights are ever preserved; the right to teach the sacredness of every hu- man personality, without distinc- tion of race, nationality, creed or color, and the right to proclaim the holy Revelation by which this sacredness of the human person- ality is guaranteed. The present Holy Father, Pope Pius XII has urged the women of the^ world to take the lead in salvaging society from the wreckage wrought by war that has left us bankrupt, financially, morally, and spiritually. He re- minds woman, that “her dignity is from God and in God.” The sphere of woman, her manner of life, her native bent, is mother- hood. “Thus it is that a woman can see all problems of human life only in the perspective of the family. That is why her deli- cate sense of her dignity puts her on guard any time that a social or political order threatens to prejudice her mission as a mother. Women, your destiny is at stake. Public life needs you. Your entry into public life came suddenly as a result of social up- heavals which we see around us. You are called upon to take part. The fate of the family, the fate of human relations are at stake. WOMAN^S PART IN RURAL LIFE 29 They are in your hands. Every woman has the obligation in con- science to go into action, to hold back those currents which threaten the home and world peace. This direct participation in social and political activity does not change the normal ac- tivity of the woman. Who bet- ter than she can understand what is needed for the dignity of woman, the integrity and honor of the young girl, and the protection and education of the child, the preservation of a cost- ly Peace? She knows from bit- ter experience, the sufferings women endure in times of war. She knows the anguish of soul suffered by mothers when sons or daughters make the supreme sacrifice. In this she shares the sorrows of the original Gold- Star Mother—Christ’s Mother. She must work and pray for peace, while stumbling statesmen prepare for war. Her vote must be a vote for peace, hence, in the interests and for the good of the family she will strive to maintain peace.” ‘‘The need of the hour is wom- en who are fearless leaders and not weaklings; women who put religion above all else; women who dare to be different; women who are willing to be Christo- phers . . . Christ-bearers . . . to live Christian lives at home, in public, at play and at prayer. Christian women : pray and work without ceasing, without al- lowing yourselves ever to be dis- couraged by difficulties or ob- stacles. Under the standard of Christ The King, under the in- spiration of His wonderful Moth- er, you must be restorers of the home, family and society. You must be modern Judiths who by your courageous example, will slay those tyrants, ,who endanger Christian civilization ; and for which your children will pro.- claim you”: The Glory of the whole world. The Joy of the United States of America, The HONOR of our Christian people. GOD BE WITH YOU. THE PURPOSE OF THE CATHOLIC HOUR (Extract from the add!ress of the late Patrick Cardinal Ha3res at the in* augural program of the Catholic Hour in the studio of the National Broadcasting Company, New York City, March 2, 1930.) Our congratulations and our gratitude are extended to the National Council of Catholic Men and its officials, and to all who, by their financial support, have made it possible to use this offer of the National Broad- casting Company. The heavy expense of managing and financing a weekly program, its musical numbers, its speakers, the subsequent an- swering of inquiries, must be met. ... This radio hour is for all the people of the United States. To our fellow-citizens, in this word of dedication, we wish to express a cordial greeting and, indeed, congratulations. For this radio hour is one of service to America, which certainly will listen in interestedly, and even sympathetically, I am sure, to the voice of the ancient Church with its . historic background of all the centuries of the Christian era, and with its own notable contribution to the discovery, exploration, foundation and growth of our glorious country. ... Thus to voice before a vast public the Catholic Church is no light task. Our prayers will be with those who have that task in hand. We feel certain that it will have both the good will and the good wishes of the great majoritv of our countrymen. Surely, there is no true lover of our Country who does not eagerly hope for a less worldly, a less material, and a more spiritual standard among our people. With good will, with kindness and with Christ-like sympathy for all, this work is inaugurated. So may it continue. So may it be ful- filled. This word of dedication voices, therefore, the hope that this radio hour may serve to make known, to explain with the charity of Christ, our faith, which we love even as we love Christ Himself. May it serve to make better understood that faith as it really is—a light revealing the pathway to heaven: a strength, and a power divine through Christ; pardoning our sins, elevating, consecrating our common every-day duties and joys, bringing not only justice but gladness and peace to our search- ing and questioning hearts. 113 CATHOLIC HOUR STATIONS States, the District of Columbia, and HawaiiIn 41 Alabama- __ _ Birmingham WRor** 960 kc 1 .41 n Arizona Mobile WAI A Montgomery Globe 1440 kc 1040 Phoenix AOn Ir/. Safford KGLU 1.4^0 Lr- Tucson • lOon Yuma... —- 1240 kc California Fresno 1 c n/\ 1 - - Los Angeles /=>An kr Sacramento KCRA San Francisco 680 kc Colorado . Denver... I^OA o cn ^ Connecticut Hartford . u/Tir* 1 non ir^ District of Columbia —Washington WRC ocn Florida * Jacksonville WlAV oon Miami.. . . V V ./ WIOD Ain** Pensacola 1 *^70 kr- Tamoa Q70 A9H kr Georgia Atlanta \A/QR •7 C /N 1- Auausta . — 750 kc 19*^0 kr Savannah 1 040 kr Idaho.. Boise 1 Illinois Chicago.. \A/kA A 1380 kc Indiana. Elkhart W/WAv^ 670 kc 1340 kr IndionopoMs ^^IRE Kansas. Kentucky. Louisiana. 1450 _kc Terre Haute.r;;;;;;;/"" 1430 kc KWBW Louisville 1450 kc 1240 kc -WAVE* 970 kc .1340 kc .1490 kc Maine Maryland ~ln^o''riI®--r kvol New*^^rlean'c ^^30 kc —Augusta WRDO .1480 kc Cumberland ' WTRO Massachusetts-.. ~ Boston — ,,VV 1 DV^ Springfield Michiaan - Detroit... Minnesota Saginaw WWJ — Duluth-Superior WFRr Hibbinq Mankoto Minneapolis-St. Paul Rochester. St. Cloud Mississippi Virginia —Jackson Missouri —Kansas City Springfield ~ -WDAF Montana Saint Louis. —Billinas Bozeman Butte Helena 1400 kc 1090 kc 1450 kc -1030 kc -1030 kc - 950 kc -1400 kc -1320 kc .-1300 kc -1230 kc J 500 kc -1340 kc -1450 kc -1400 kc -1300 kc - 610 kc -1260 kc - 550 kc - 790 kc -1450 kc 1370 kc -1240 kc 113 CATHOLIC HOUR STATIONS In 41 States, the District of Columbia, and Hawaii Nebraska North Platte KODY -1240 kc Omaha. _ . .. WOW 590 kc Nevada. Rf»no _ . kOH -- 630 kc New Hampshire Manchester . WFEA --1240 kc New Mexico —. _. Albunijornue kOR - -1030 kc New York Buffalo * WRFN — 930 kc New York WNBC — 660 kc Schenectady WGY -- 810 kc North Carolina .. Charlotte W30C --1240 kc Raleigh WPTF — 680 kc Winston-Salem WSJS —• 600 kc North Dakota Blsmnrk kFYR . . 550 kc Fargo WDAY — 970 kc Ohio Cleveland WTAM --1100 kc Lima WLOK —1240 kc Toledo ... WSPD —1340 kc Oklahoma . Oklahoma City WkY 930 kc Tulsa kVOO —1170 kc Oregon. _ MeHford kMFD 1440 kc Portland KGW* — 620 kc Pennsylvania Allentown WSAN —1470 kc Altoona WFBG —1340 kc Rhode Island-— South Carolina. Erie WERC J ohnstown WJAC Lewlstown WMRF Philadelphia KYW Pittsburgh KDKA Reading ...WRAW Wilkes-Barre WBRE Williamsport WRAK . Providence WJAR Charleston ...WTMA Columbia WIS Greenville WFBC V 1230 kc 1400 kc 1490 kc 1060 kc 1020 kc 1340 kc 1340 kc . 1400 kc 920 kc 1250 kc 560 kc 1330 kc South Dakota. Sioux Falls KSOO-KELO -1140-1230 kc Tennessee.. _ kingsport WkPT 1400 kr Memphis -WMC* 790 kc Nashville WSM* 650 kc Tevns .. Amarillo kCNC 1440 Wr Dallas WFAA 820 kc El Paso ... KTSM 1380 kc Fort Worth WPAB* 820 kc Houston KPRC 950 kc San Antonio WOAI 1200 kc Weslaco KRGV 1290 kc Utah Salt Lake City.... KDYL* 1320 kc Virginia Harrisonburg —WSVA 550 kc Washington Norfolk Richmond -WTAR’5' WMRG -790 1380 kc kc kcSeattle kOMO 950 Spokane KHQ 590 kc Wisconsin Eau Claire WFAU 790 kc La Crosse WKBH 1410 kc Marinette — WAAAM 570 kc Hawaii Honolulu KGU 760 kc Delayed Broadcast (Revised as of October, 1947) CATHOLIC HOUR RADIO ADDRESSES IN PAMPHLET FORM Prices Subject to chans'e without notice. OUR SUNDAY VISITOR is the authorized publisher of all CATHOLIC HOUR ad. dresses in pamphlet form. The addresses published to date, all of which are available, are listed below. Others will be published as they are delivered. Quantity Prices Do Not Include Carriasre Charge "The Divine Romance,” by Rt. Rev. Msgr. Fulton J. Sheen, 80 pagres and cover. Sinirle copy, 25c postpaid ; 5 or more, 20c each. In quantities, $10.75 per 100. "A Trilogy on Prayer,” by Rev. Thomas F. Burke, C.S.P., 32 pages and cover. Single copy, 20c postpaid ; 5 or more, 15c each. In quantities, $8.00 per 100. 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