id sid tid token lemma pos pk02c823v8h 1 1 by by ADP pk02c823v8h 1 2 detailing detail VERB pk02c823v8h 1 3 characteristics characteristic NOUN pk02c823v8h 1 4 of of ADP pk02c823v8h 1 5 groundwater groundwater NOUN pk02c823v8h 1 6 in in ADP pk02c823v8h 1 7 benin benin PROPN pk02c823v8h 1 8 through through ADP pk02c823v8h 1 9 elemental elemental ADJ pk02c823v8h 1 10 signatures signature NOUN pk02c823v8h 1 11 , , PUNCT pk02c823v8h 1 12 the the DET pk02c823v8h 1 13 previous previous ADJ pk02c823v8h 1 14 phase phase NOUN pk02c823v8h 1 15 of of ADP pk02c823v8h 1 16 this this DET pk02c823v8h 1 17 research research NOUN pk02c823v8h 1 18 sought seek VERB pk02c823v8h 1 19 to to PART pk02c823v8h 1 20 better well ADV pk02c823v8h 1 21 understand understand VERB pk02c823v8h 1 22 the the DET pk02c823v8h 1 23 hydrogeology hydrogeology NOUN pk02c823v8h 1 24 and and CCONJ pk02c823v8h 1 25 spatial spatial ADJ pk02c823v8h 1 26 distribution distribution NOUN pk02c823v8h 1 27 of of ADP pk02c823v8h 1 28 groundwater groundwater NOUN pk02c823v8h 1 29 quality quality NOUN pk02c823v8h 1 30 in in ADP pk02c823v8h 1 31 benin benin PROPN pk02c823v8h 1 32 . . PUNCT pk02c823v8h 2 1 those those DET pk02c823v8h 2 2 data datum NOUN pk02c823v8h 2 3 indicated indicate VERB pk02c823v8h 2 4 elevated elevated ADJ pk02c823v8h 2 5 uranium uranium NOUN pk02c823v8h 2 6 concentrations concentration NOUN pk02c823v8h 2 7 in in ADP pk02c823v8h 2 8 two two NUM pk02c823v8h 2 9 wells well NOUN pk02c823v8h 2 10 in in ADP pk02c823v8h 2 11 eastern eastern ADJ pk02c823v8h 2 12 benin benin ADV pk02c823v8h 2 13 . . PUNCT pk02c823v8h 3 1 in in ADP pk02c823v8h 3 2 the the DET pk02c823v8h 3 3 current current ADJ pk02c823v8h 3 4 research research NOUN pk02c823v8h 3 5 effort effort NOUN pk02c823v8h 3 6 it it PRON pk02c823v8h 3 7 was be AUX pk02c823v8h 3 8 hypothesized hypothesize VERB pk02c823v8h 3 9 that that SCONJ pk02c823v8h 3 10 the the DET pk02c823v8h 3 11 uranium uranium NOUN pk02c823v8h 3 12 present present NOUN pk02c823v8h 3 13 in in ADP pk02c823v8h 3 14 groundwater groundwater NOUN pk02c823v8h 3 15 is be AUX pk02c823v8h 3 16 of of ADP pk02c823v8h 3 17 natural natural ADJ pk02c823v8h 3 18 geologic geologic NOUN pk02c823v8h 3 19 ( ( PUNCT pk02c823v8h 3 20 and and CCONJ pk02c823v8h 3 21 not not PART pk02c823v8h 3 22 anthropogenic anthropogenic ADJ pk02c823v8h 3 23 ) ) PUNCT pk02c823v8h 3 24 origin origin NOUN pk02c823v8h 3 25 . . PUNCT pk02c823v8h 4 1 it it PRON pk02c823v8h 4 2 was be AUX pk02c823v8h 4 3 further far ADV pk02c823v8h 4 4 hypothesized hypothesize VERB pk02c823v8h 4 5 , , PUNCT pk02c823v8h 4 6 based base VERB pk02c823v8h 4 7 on on ADP pk02c823v8h 4 8 conversation conversation NOUN pk02c823v8h 4 9 with with ADP pk02c823v8h 4 10 dr dr PROPN pk02c823v8h 4 11 . . PROPN pk02c823v8h 4 12 m m PROPN pk02c823v8h 4 13 boukari boukari PROPN pk02c823v8h 4 14 of of ADP pk02c823v8h 4 15 the the DET pk02c823v8h 4 16 university university NOUN pk02c823v8h 4 17 d'abomey d'abomey PROPN pk02c823v8h 4 18 - - PUNCT pk02c823v8h 4 19 calavi calavi PROPN pk02c823v8h 4 20 , , PUNCT pk02c823v8h 4 21 that that SCONJ pk02c823v8h 4 22 the the DET pk02c823v8h 4 23 cotton cotton NOUN pk02c823v8h 4 24 agricultural agricultural ADJ pk02c823v8h 4 25 industry industry NOUN pk02c823v8h 4 26 has have AUX pk02c823v8h 4 27 had have VERB pk02c823v8h 4 28 some some DET pk02c823v8h 4 29 identifiable identifiable ADJ pk02c823v8h 4 30 impact impact NOUN pk02c823v8h 4 31 on on ADP pk02c823v8h 4 32 groundwater groundwater NOUN pk02c823v8h 4 33 quality quality NOUN pk02c823v8h 4 34 . . PUNCT pk02c823v8h 5 1 in in ADP pk02c823v8h 5 2 order order NOUN pk02c823v8h 5 3 to to PART pk02c823v8h 5 4 provide provide VERB pk02c823v8h 5 5 data datum NOUN pk02c823v8h 5 6 to to PART pk02c823v8h 5 7 assess assess VERB pk02c823v8h 5 8 both both DET pk02c823v8h 5 9 hypotheses hypothesis NOUN pk02c823v8h 5 10 , , PUNCT pk02c823v8h 5 11 samples sample NOUN pk02c823v8h 5 12 of of ADP pk02c823v8h 5 13 groundwater groundwater NOUN pk02c823v8h 5 14 , , PUNCT pk02c823v8h 5 15 the the DET pk02c823v8h 5 16 associated associated ADJ pk02c823v8h 5 17 filters filter NOUN pk02c823v8h 5 18 , , PUNCT pk02c823v8h 5 19 and and CCONJ pk02c823v8h 5 20 various various ADJ pk02c823v8h 5 21 precipitation precipitation NOUN pk02c823v8h 5 22 samples sample NOUN pk02c823v8h 5 23 were be AUX pk02c823v8h 5 24 collected collect VERB pk02c823v8h 5 25 in in ADP pk02c823v8h 5 26 july july PROPN pk02c823v8h 5 27 2002 2002 NUM pk02c823v8h 5 28 , , PUNCT pk02c823v8h 5 29 and and CCONJ pk02c823v8h 5 30 preserved preserve VERB pk02c823v8h 5 31 for for ADP pk02c823v8h 5 32 analysis analysis NOUN pk02c823v8h 5 33 . . PUNCT pk02c823v8h 6 1 quantitative quantitative ADJ pk02c823v8h 6 2 elemental elemental NOUN pk02c823v8h 6 3 concentrations concentration NOUN pk02c823v8h 6 4 ( ( PUNCT pk02c823v8h 6 5 elemental elemental ADJ pk02c823v8h 6 6 signatures signature NOUN pk02c823v8h 6 7 ) ) PUNCT pk02c823v8h 6 8 for for ADP pk02c823v8h 6 9 the the DET pk02c823v8h 6 10 samples sample NOUN pk02c823v8h 6 11 were be AUX pk02c823v8h 6 12 acquired acquire VERB pk02c823v8h 6 13 using use VERB pk02c823v8h 6 14 inductively inductively ADV pk02c823v8h 6 15 coupled couple VERB pk02c823v8h 6 16 plasma plasma NOUN pk02c823v8h 6 17 ( ( PUNCT pk02c823v8h 6 18 icp icp PROPN pk02c823v8h 6 19 ) ) PUNCT pk02c823v8h 6 20 spectrometry spectrometry NOUN pk02c823v8h 6 21 and and CCONJ pk02c823v8h 6 22 specific specific ADJ pk02c823v8h 6 23 ion ion NOUN pk02c823v8h 6 24 probe probe NOUN pk02c823v8h 6 25 techniques technique NOUN pk02c823v8h 6 26 . . PUNCT pk02c823v8h 7 1 these these DET pk02c823v8h 7 2 elemental elemental ADJ pk02c823v8h 7 3 parameters parameter NOUN pk02c823v8h 7 4 , , PUNCT pk02c823v8h 7 5 in in ADP pk02c823v8h 7 6 addition addition NOUN pk02c823v8h 7 7 to to ADP pk02c823v8h 7 8 latitude latitude NOUN pk02c823v8h 7 9 , , PUNCT pk02c823v8h 7 10 longitude longitude NOUN pk02c823v8h 7 11 , , PUNCT pk02c823v8h 7 12 temperature temperature NOUN pk02c823v8h 7 13 , , PUNCT pk02c823v8h 7 14 ph ph NOUN pk02c823v8h 7 15 , , PUNCT pk02c823v8h 7 16 conductivity conductivity NOUN pk02c823v8h 7 17 , , PUNCT pk02c823v8h 7 18 and and CCONJ pk02c823v8h 7 19 distance distance NOUN pk02c823v8h 7 20 to to ADP pk02c823v8h 7 21 cotton cotton NOUN pk02c823v8h 7 22 fields field NOUN pk02c823v8h 7 23 for for ADP pk02c823v8h 7 24 each each DET pk02c823v8h 7 25 sample sample NOUN pk02c823v8h 7 26 were be AUX pk02c823v8h 7 27 compiled compile VERB pk02c823v8h 7 28 into into ADP pk02c823v8h 7 29 a a DET pk02c823v8h 7 30 working work VERB pk02c823v8h 7 31 matrix matrix NOUN pk02c823v8h 7 32 . . PUNCT pk02c823v8h 8 1 parameterbenjamin parameterbenjamin PROPN pk02c823v8h 8 2 patrick patrick PROPN pk02c823v8h 8 3 roope roope PROPN pk02c823v8h 8 4 parameter parameter NOUN pk02c823v8h 8 5 plots plot NOUN pk02c823v8h 8 6 were be AUX pk02c823v8h 8 7 evaluated evaluate VERB pk02c823v8h 8 8 using use VERB pk02c823v8h 8 9 an an DET pk02c823v8h 8 10 exploratory exploratory ADJ pk02c823v8h 8 11 data datum NOUN pk02c823v8h 8 12 analysis analysis NOUN pk02c823v8h 8 13 ( ( PUNCT pk02c823v8h 8 14 eda eda PROPN pk02c823v8h 8 15 ) ) PUNCT pk02c823v8h 8 16 technique technique NOUN pk02c823v8h 8 17 . . PUNCT pk02c823v8h 9 1 principle principle ADJ pk02c823v8h 9 2 component component NOUN pk02c823v8h 9 3 analysis analysis NOUN pk02c823v8h 9 4 ( ( PUNCT pk02c823v8h 9 5 pca pca PROPN pk02c823v8h 9 6 ) ) PUNCT pk02c823v8h 9 7 , , PUNCT pk02c823v8h 9 8 indicator indicator NOUN pk02c823v8h 9 9 variable variable ADJ pk02c823v8h 9 10 analysis analysis NOUN pk02c823v8h 9 11 ( ( PUNCT pk02c823v8h 9 12 iva iva PROPN pk02c823v8h 9 13 ) ) PUNCT pk02c823v8h 9 14 and and CCONJ pk02c823v8h 9 15 cluster cluster NOUN pk02c823v8h 9 16 analysis analysis NOUN pk02c823v8h 9 17 ( ( PUNCT pk02c823v8h 9 18 ca can AUX pk02c823v8h 9 19 ) ) PUNCT pk02c823v8h 9 20 were be AUX pk02c823v8h 9 21 also also ADV pk02c823v8h 9 22 applied apply VERB pk02c823v8h 9 23 to to ADP pk02c823v8h 9 24 the the DET pk02c823v8h 9 25 data datum NOUN pk02c823v8h 9 26 . . PUNCT pk02c823v8h 10 1 conclusions conclusion NOUN pk02c823v8h 10 2 were be AUX pk02c823v8h 10 3 drawn draw VERB pk02c823v8h 10 4 about about ADP pk02c823v8h 10 5 the the DET pk02c823v8h 10 6 characteristics characteristic NOUN pk02c823v8h 10 7 of of ADP pk02c823v8h 10 8 groundwater groundwater NOUN pk02c823v8h 10 9 samples sample NOUN pk02c823v8h 10 10 based base VERB pk02c823v8h 10 11 on on ADP pk02c823v8h 10 12 a a DET pk02c823v8h 10 13 full full ADJ pk02c823v8h 10 14 statistical statistical ADJ pk02c823v8h 10 15 perspective perspective NOUN pk02c823v8h 10 16 gained gain VERB pk02c823v8h 10 17 for for ADP pk02c823v8h 10 18 each each PRON pk02c823v8h 10 19 of of ADP pk02c823v8h 10 20 the the DET pk02c823v8h 10 21 data data NOUN pk02c823v8h 10 22 sets set NOUN pk02c823v8h 10 23 . . PUNCT pk02c823v8h 11 1 the the DET pk02c823v8h 11 2 results result NOUN pk02c823v8h 11 3 from from ADP pk02c823v8h 11 4 the the DET pk02c823v8h 11 5 application application NOUN pk02c823v8h 11 6 of of ADP pk02c823v8h 11 7 the the DET pk02c823v8h 11 8 eda eda PROPN pk02c823v8h 11 9 , , PUNCT pk02c823v8h 11 10 iva iva PROPN pk02c823v8h 11 11 , , PUNCT pk02c823v8h 11 12 and and CCONJ pk02c823v8h 11 13 pca pca PROPN pk02c823v8h 11 14 methods method NOUN pk02c823v8h 11 15 support support VERB pk02c823v8h 11 16 the the DET pk02c823v8h 11 17 stated state VERB pk02c823v8h 11 18 hypothesis hypothesis NOUN pk02c823v8h 11 19 that that SCONJ pk02c823v8h 11 20 the the DET pk02c823v8h 11 21 source source NOUN pk02c823v8h 11 22 of of ADP pk02c823v8h 11 23 uranium uranium NOUN pk02c823v8h 11 24 in in ADP pk02c823v8h 11 25 groundwater groundwater NOUN pk02c823v8h 11 26 samples sample NOUN pk02c823v8h 11 27 is be AUX pk02c823v8h 11 28 geology geology NOUN pk02c823v8h 11 29 - - PUNCT pk02c823v8h 11 30 related relate VERB pk02c823v8h 11 31 . . PUNCT pk02c823v8h 12 1 records record NOUN pk02c823v8h 12 2 indicative indicative ADJ pk02c823v8h 12 3 of of ADP pk02c823v8h 12 4 elevated elevated ADJ pk02c823v8h 12 5 concentrations concentration NOUN pk02c823v8h 12 6 of of ADP pk02c823v8h 12 7 uranium uranium NOUN pk02c823v8h 12 8 in in ADP pk02c823v8h 12 9 surface surface NOUN pk02c823v8h 12 10 water water NOUN pk02c823v8h 12 11 in in ADP pk02c823v8h 12 12 the the DET pk02c823v8h 12 13 eastern eastern ADJ pk02c823v8h 12 14 part part NOUN pk02c823v8h 12 15 of of ADP pk02c823v8h 12 16 the the DET pk02c823v8h 12 17 country country NOUN pk02c823v8h 12 18 that that PRON pk02c823v8h 12 19 predate predate NOUN pk02c823v8h 12 20 allegations allegation NOUN pk02c823v8h 12 21 of of ADP pk02c823v8h 12 22 human human ADJ pk02c823v8h 12 23 dumping dumping NOUN pk02c823v8h 12 24 also also ADV pk02c823v8h 12 25 support support VERB pk02c823v8h 12 26 the the DET pk02c823v8h 12 27 case case NOUN pk02c823v8h 12 28 . . PUNCT pk02c823v8h 13 1 however however ADV pk02c823v8h 13 2 , , PUNCT pk02c823v8h 13 3 the the DET pk02c823v8h 13 4 same same ADJ pk02c823v8h 13 5 applied apply VERB pk02c823v8h 13 6 methods method NOUN pk02c823v8h 13 7 and and CCONJ pk02c823v8h 13 8 similar similar ADJ pk02c823v8h 13 9 literature literature NOUN pk02c823v8h 13 10 searches search NOUN pk02c823v8h 13 11 provided provide VERB pk02c823v8h 13 12 little little ADJ pk02c823v8h 13 13 support support NOUN pk02c823v8h 13 14 of of ADP pk02c823v8h 13 15 the the DET pk02c823v8h 13 16 assertion assertion NOUN pk02c823v8h 13 17 that that SCONJ pk02c823v8h 13 18 groundwater groundwater NOUN pk02c823v8h 13 19 is be AUX pk02c823v8h 13 20 being be AUX pk02c823v8h 13 21 contaminated contaminate VERB pk02c823v8h 13 22 by by ADP pk02c823v8h 13 23 cotton cotton NOUN pk02c823v8h 13 24 farming farming NOUN pk02c823v8h 13 25 ( ( PUNCT pk02c823v8h 13 26 made make VERB pk02c823v8h 13 27 by by ADP pk02c823v8h 13 28 the the DET pk02c823v8h 13 29 second second ADJ pk02c823v8h 13 30 hypothesis hypothesis NOUN pk02c823v8h 13 31 ) ) PUNCT pk02c823v8h 13 32 . . PUNCT pk02c823v8h 14 1 although although SCONJ pk02c823v8h 14 2 the the DET pk02c823v8h 14 3 major major ADJ pk02c823v8h 14 4 elements element NOUN pk02c823v8h 14 5 ca can AUX pk02c823v8h 14 6 and and CCONJ pk02c823v8h 14 7 na na PART pk02c823v8h 14 8 were be AUX pk02c823v8h 14 9 noted note VERB pk02c823v8h 14 10 at at ADP pk02c823v8h 14 11 elevated elevated ADJ pk02c823v8h 14 12 concentrations concentration NOUN pk02c823v8h 14 13 near near ADP pk02c823v8h 14 14 cotton cotton NOUN pk02c823v8h 14 15 fields field NOUN pk02c823v8h 14 16 , , PUNCT pk02c823v8h 14 17 they they PRON pk02c823v8h 14 18 were be AUX pk02c823v8h 14 19 not not PART pk02c823v8h 14 20 definitively definitively ADV pk02c823v8h 14 21 linked link VERB pk02c823v8h 14 22 to to ADP pk02c823v8h 14 23 agricultural agricultural ADJ pk02c823v8h 14 24 practices practice NOUN pk02c823v8h 14 25 or or CCONJ pk02c823v8h 14 26 the the DET pk02c823v8h 14 27 use use NOUN pk02c823v8h 14 28 of of ADP pk02c823v8h 14 29 pesticides pesticide NOUN pk02c823v8h 14 30 . . PUNCT pk02c823v8h 15 1 future future ADJ pk02c823v8h 15 2 work work NOUN pk02c823v8h 15 3 will will AUX pk02c823v8h 15 4 help help VERB pk02c823v8h 15 5 identify identify VERB pk02c823v8h 15 6 the the DET pk02c823v8h 15 7 specific specific ADJ pk02c823v8h 15 8 geologic geologic ADJ pk02c823v8h 15 9 formation(s formation(s NOUN pk02c823v8h 15 10 ) ) PUNCT pk02c823v8h 15 11 responsible responsible ADJ pk02c823v8h 15 12 for for ADP pk02c823v8h 15 13 elevated elevated ADJ pk02c823v8h 15 14 uranium uranium NOUN pk02c823v8h 15 15 concentrations concentration NOUN pk02c823v8h 15 16 , , PUNCT pk02c823v8h 15 17 and and CCONJ pk02c823v8h 15 18 to to PART pk02c823v8h 15 19 subsequently subsequently ADV pk02c823v8h 15 20 conceive conceive VERB pk02c823v8h 15 21 a a DET pk02c823v8h 15 22 remediation remediation NOUN pk02c823v8h 15 23 plan plan NOUN pk02c823v8h 15 24 . . PUNCT pk02c823v8h 16 1 future future ADJ pk02c823v8h 16 2 work work NOUN pk02c823v8h 16 3 will will AUX pk02c823v8h 16 4 also also ADV pk02c823v8h 16 5 concentrate concentrate VERB pk02c823v8h 16 6 on on ADP pk02c823v8h 16 7 conclusively conclusively ADV pk02c823v8h 16 8 determining determine VERB pk02c823v8h 16 9 the the DET pk02c823v8h 16 10 source source NOUN pk02c823v8h 16 11 of of ADP pk02c823v8h 16 12 the the DET pk02c823v8h 16 13 elevated elevated ADJ pk02c823v8h 16 14 ca ca NOUN pk02c823v8h 16 15 and and CCONJ pk02c823v8h 16 16 na na ADP pk02c823v8h 16 17 around around ADP pk02c823v8h 16 18 cotton cotton NOUN pk02c823v8h 16 19 fields field NOUN pk02c823v8h 16 20 through through ADP pk02c823v8h 16 21 soil soil NOUN pk02c823v8h 16 22 sampling sampling NOUN pk02c823v8h 16 23 and and CCONJ pk02c823v8h 16 24 testing testing NOUN pk02c823v8h 16 25 . . PUNCT