key: cord-0881306-vrrybxd5 authors: Konwar, Aditya Narayan; Borse, Vivek title: Current Status of Point-of-Care Diagnostic Devices in the Indian Healthcare System with an Update on COVID-19 Pandemic date: 2020-06-09 journal: Sensors international DOI: 10.1016/j.sintl.2020.100015 sha: 45eadc5fca6efe79b852d23043cd33c7c6e961f1 doc_id: 881306 cord_uid: vrrybxd5 Abstract Point-of-care (POC) diagnostic device is an instrument that is used to acquire particular clinical information of patients in clinical as well as resource-limited settings. The conventional clinical diagnostic procedure requires high-end and costly instruments, an expert technician for operation and result interpretation, longer time, etc. that ultimately makes it exhausting and expensive. Although there are a lot of improvements in the medical facilities in the Indian healthcare system, the use of POC diagnostic devices is still in its nascent phase. This review illustrates the status of POC diagnostic devices currently used in clinical setups along with constraints in their use. The devices and technologies that are in the research and development phase across the country that has tremendous potential to elevate the clinical diagnostics scenario along with the diagnosis of ongoing COVID-19 pandemic are emphasized. The implications of using POC diagnostic devices and the future objectives for technological advancements that may eventually uplift the status of healthcare and related sectors in India are also discussed here. appropriate software, POC test results can be stored in the medical database and shared with 120 healthcare workers through a cloud server, which benefits the patient as well as the clinicians 121 [9] . 122 Blood glucose level detection and cardiological analysis are the two major sectors that have 123 contributed to the majority of the POC diagnostic market. It has been reported that POC 124 diagnostic devices for blood-glucose monitoring proved to be the key support for diabetes 125 control and management [10] . The coronary heart disease (CHD) is a major threat among the 126 Indians and has reached an epidemic proportion, which is evident from the number of cases 127 reported at the tertiary care hospitals. Moreover, the early detection of CHD among persons 128 with risk factors is extremely essential given its control [11] . POC diagnostic devices, such as 129 top of the already menacing diseases such as tuberculosis (TB), pneumonia, urinary tract 137 infection, thyroid dysfunction, etc. Also, most of the cases are from rural areas, which 138 account for the majority of the population of the country. Thus, the existing diagnostics 139 methodologies such as the high-end lab-based systems need to be updated to POC tests, 140 which are rapid, catered to remote places, and cost-effective. 141 POC diagnostic devices have been designed with perspective to have applications in the 143 clinical settings as well as in remote places. As compared to the urban area, the literacy rate is 144 lower in rural parts of India that affects the use of POC diagnostic devices as a basic level of 145 understanding and interpretation ability is required for its handling. A root-cause analysis, which is an orderly system Amperometric cholesterol biosensor based on 581 immobilized cholesterol esterase and cholesterol oxidase on conducting polypyrrole 582 films Uric acid biosensor based on 585 chemiluminescence detection using a nano-micro hybrid matrix Electrospun 588 manganese (III) oxide nanofiber based electrochemical DNA-nanobiosensor for 589 zeptomolar detection of dengue consensus primer Non-invasive platform to estimate 592 fasting blood glucose levels from salivary electrochemical parameters Perspectives of characterization and 601 bioconjugation of gold nanoparticles and their application in lateral flow 602 immunosensing Fluorescence lateral flow immunoassay based point-of-care 605 nanodiagnostics for orthopedic implant-associated infection Process parameter optimization for lateral flow 608 immunosensing Turn-on" fluorescence assay for 611 inorganic phosphate sensing N-doped multi-fluorescent carbon 614 dots for 'turn off-on' silver-biothiol dual sensing and mammalian cell imaging 615 application Development and testing of portable fluorescence 618 reader (PorFloR TM ) Design and development of 621 portable fluorescence reader using silicon photo multiplier (SiPM) sensor A competitive 625 immunochromatographic strip assay for 17-α-hydroxy progesterone using colloidal 626 gold nanoparticles Graphene-based nanocomposites for sensitivity enhancement of surface plasmon 631 resonance sensor for biological and chemical sensing: A review Paper-based nucleic acid amplification tests for point-of-care Point-of-care-636 testing of α-amylase activity in human blood serum Separation and simultaneous detection 639 of anticancer drugs in a microfluidic device with an amperometric biosensor Ultrasensitive 642 dual probe immunosensor for the monitoring of nicotine induced-brain derived Noninvasive Diagnosis of Oral Cancer Coronavirus disease 2019 Clinical features of 657 patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China Detection of 2019 663 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) by real-time RT-PCR Diagnosing COVID-19: The 670 Disease and Tools for Detection Linked Immunoassay and Colloidal Gold-Immunochromatographic Assay Kit for 674 Detection of Novel Coronavirus (SARS-Cov-2) Causing an Outbreak of Pneumonia 675 (COVID-19) Abbott's COVID-19 laboratory-based antibody tests to be available in India by May-680 end