AN EAST-INDIA collation; OR, A Discourse of Travels; Set forth in sundry Observations, brief and delightful; Collected by the Author in a Voyage he made unto the East- Indieses, of almost four years' continuance.  
Written by C. F.  Eccles. 34. 11. 
When I Travayled I saw many things, and I understand more than I can express.  
LONDON  
Printed by B. A. and T. F.  
1633.   

THE BOOK TO THE READER.  

MY Author for his Love, his Cost,  
and virtuous 〈◊〉,  
Desires but Love for love  
of you his Cour●…eous Reader;  
Whose Nature bountiful, I need not,  
(nor is't my intent)  
Here t'unfold; being known to all  
to be magnificent;  
The smaller that I seem in worth,  
the greater is the praise  
Of love in him, whose bounteous deeds  
transcend desert always.  
Greatness will show greatness ever,  
and what so great as love?  
Or what so much as gifts (of Grace)  
doth this grand virtue prove?  
If reading in me, any good (perhaps)  
you chance to find  
Make use thereof, retain it well,  
and love him for't in mind.    

TO THE READER.  
Courteous Reader.  
IT is not so old as true, that Truth seeks (nay brooks) no Corners, though Charity doth; for (in a word) to prove them both legitimate, it is as bold (with Discretion) as the other is modestly bashful; it may (for a time) be blamed, but never shamed; suspected, but not quite dejected; trodden on, but not destroyed; eclipsed, but not extinguished; no, 'twill rise, and shine forth again; comparable it is, and alike effectual to the glorious Sun, commanding his entrance (upon least advantage) through the thickest Clouds into the darkest Dungeon; where a good sight receives his light at a little hole, and rejoiceth in it.  
This short Treatise following (in part) expounds my meaning, being of a Voyage I made unto the EastIndi●…s almost twenty years since, employed by the Honourable Company; prosperously begun, and as well continued (notwithstanding some prime opposition) with all good proceeding in grace and favour with the best; which at length (as hath happened unto many of best report) upon 〈◊〉 of government there, proved to my greater prejudice, but how? Is no par cell of this discourse; yet notwithstanding, seeing that by one finger the whole hand may be proportioned, and by the foot the entire body drawn out; I held it requisite (for good respects) this way to declare myself, and at this time especially; as high time (among many other observations more general & delightful) in such brief passages as seemed to me most considerable, and (without all offence or prolixity unto any) to my purpose material; that the honourable Company themselves, or any else of judgement (with content and pleasure in the sweet variety, and mild composure of matter) might from thence (accidently, or by the way only) make a near conjecture at the true cause of my neglect there, & untimely departure thence, to their preiudize as my own, which here (in modesty) I silence.  
Having finished my Travayles, I made bold (in a plain Epistle) to dedicate them unto the Honourable Company, as most convenient me thought; but it pleased them not to accept thereof, for reasons to themselves best known; which I suppose (for I hope the best) they might intend, (or it may so fall out) to my advantage; for look how many courteous Readers, both of themselves and others (to whom in general I make my Dedi●…ation) so many generous Patrons; not with sword and spear, but with fair speech to countenance, or excuse these my honest (though not much profitable) labours; for gentle deeds and words (more than staffs or swords) prevail with men.  
It was so full of love, my lost Dedication I mean (briefly preferred to all other graces, as holding the precedent room in every grace and virtue, moral and divine; compared likewise to fire, fine gold and silver of the finest; and made illustrious by Pearls, Diamonds, and Precious stones, (yet all undervallued as trifles unto him or her, in whom this divine Grace of Graces dwelleth, as being richer than all riches, supplying all wants, healing all infirmities, and sweeter also (in its blessed effects) than Honey and the Honey comb) with a reason (in a word or two) for conclusion, of this my elevation, or improper digression) that it grieves me (gentle Reader) so rich an ingemination should be lost, rich (at least) in my own conceit, and foundlings would fain have their fancies, though reason say nay) lost, (I say) from public use, though with myself it shall remain a perpetual memorial of my constant love, and due respect towards them for ever, in whose honourable employments I improved my slender parts to my low degree of a mean sufficiency.  
My History itself (courteous Reader), here at hand attends thy leisure, and craves thy patience, at most but an hour or two, to survey her parts; if perhaps (at first report) they answer not thy expectation, as things too common, and already past the press; let not this divert thee from that honest recreation which (in one respect or other) may please or prosit thee; full furnished Tables (like great Volumes) at their only sight (we see) ●…loy good stomaches, whereas a less quantity incites the appetite. lo vedado es desseado, things retired are the more desired; and the same meats diversely dressed have different effects, attract new desires; what one likes not, another longs for; and that which surfeits thee, may (perhaps) give life to me; lo que uno no come, otro se pierde por ello. Let nothing therefore, (Gentle Reader) be despised in this my short variety, whereunto I most lovingly invite thee; taste and spare not, what likes thee best, and to others commend, or leave the rest.  
Vale.   

CAlling to mind my former Travels, and the fit Occasion offered me thereby, a little to communicate myself unto the world, by a brief relation of such short passages and observations therein taken, as may minister matter of some Recreation to the universal Reader, from his more serious studies and affairs of importance, be they whatsoever; variety or change (though in the meanest of things not unlawful) with some Novelties especially, being that (saith experience) which in all, or in most men begets delight, aliviates the minds of the wisest, and prepares them (upon a return) with advantage, to a better sufficiency in their weightiest negotiations; not unlike a Bow that stands always bend, becomes weak in itself, and unserviceable to others: so fares it alike with the most ingenious minds to be still engaged, without some intermissions, some step aside, though but after a sly, or a feather in the air, to breath, to revive our oversad, our too intensive spirits; As once the riding of a hobby-horse with his little princely son, not ill beseemed a King; any sport for a spurt, (if honest or harmless, though childish) contradi●…ts not the Reputation of a Man; It being a point of wisdom sometimes (among the unwise) to seem to play the fool, as to do it understandingly, requires (they say) the best wits; of purpose to forget, improves the very Art of memory; the way (in some cases) to advance forward, is by a learned skill to retire back; and by a discreet retreat, no small advantage is gotten; the day, the Field is ofttimes won; so the reading of a Pamphlet, a shallow, a despised work of puffed conceits, proves not only not hurtful, but beneficial to the Wise (who sucks advantage from every thing) a help in his progress to his most serious intendments, be it but for change, for recreation, for variety sake only, as I have said.  
And what is there so mean (if of any moment, in the judgements of the best) but in one respect or other, a man of a gracious wit will make some gracious or moral use thereof to his own behoof and others, extracting juice out of a dry juncke; sweet out of sour; honey out of gall; preservative out of poison; and Documents of Wisdom from Examples of Folly; but this is a prerogative of Virtue, and peculiar to the wise only; a Task too hard for all, and positions abhorred by men of honesty, such as are not to be expected in the little garden plot of my ensuing discourse, which shall bear no noisome weeds, but (at least) harmless, (if not wholesome) herbs and flowers, though (in comparison) of all other the meanes●…▪ for any that will, to make a Nosegay to smell to on a Holiday; a vacant hour, a Festival, a time of leisure.  
I have therefore made choice (before the rest) to write of my Travels only to the East Indies, as well for brevity as for rarity (for to speak of all I have seen abroad would (I know) seem no less tedious than common and ridiculous, things far for, and dear bought have been counted best and in most request) wherein I shall not be overcurious, or too remiss to satisfy the indifferent Reader, nor yet to leave the most judicious (I hope) void of all content; none that will not, would I willingly should (as not to surfeit; so neither) to go fasting away, if short syppets in a foreign Feast, o●…an Indian Collation homely dressed, and by an unskilful hand hastily set forth, may (for a moment or so) either entertain their curious sight, or relish their judicious taste.  
Thus by a choice pittance, a modicum, a Spanish Bocado, a bit and away, carefully purveying to recreate the best, and to prevent disorder in the rest; however, be it gustful or not, this benefit (to the wise) will surely follow, as to provoke the sooner to relinquish or leave off, quicken an appetite unto better things, and leave the mind content to have made a gainful exchange by a refreshed return.  
Upon a time discoursing with myself about the fickle Condition of worldly Estates, presented daily, and almost every where to my observation; some to rise and others to fall, the same men again to fall, and in like sort to rise (man's Industry the subordinate, and God's overruling Providence the prime Cause, and superintendent Agent in all; we vainly purposing, he alone wisely ' disposing even of all things, making them work together (contrary to their own natures, and the intentions both of Men and Devils) for the best to them that love him (O thrice happy and blessed Estate of a resolute Soul loving and beloved of GOD) none so firmly standing but subject to a declension, accidental or final; by a decay of wealth, or at longest an expiration of our breath.  
And having before been well Disciplined and confirmed in these and other like Points of Faith. That who so lives unto the Lord shall dye in the Lord; and all such (whether (so) living or dying) are sure to be the Lords, securely sleeping and waking under his Omnipotent, his merciful, and ever-watchful protection; As also, that the way to Heaven lay parallel by Sea as by Land, as near from the East as from the West, from the North as from the South; from whence I had read should be gathered all the Elect of God in CHRIST, which (in effect) I remember was my answer to Sir Thomas Smith then Governor, objecting unto me the danger of the enterprise, with his cheerful approbation following.  
Hereupon it came into my thoughts, and thence (by degrees) grew into a resolution to attempt a Voyage into those Oriental or Eastern parts of the world, aswell (to speak after the manner of men) in hope to raise my Fortunes, as to better my Experience, which doubtless I had obtained to the full of my desires, had not God seen contrary things more expedient for me; for a fair way (as ever unto any of a mean rank that went that way) was laid open to me, which some of good note observing, pronounced me openly (by their Prognostication) to be certainly some great rich man before I died; which (for their rash Oaths sake, and the better expression of my bountiful mind, the only portion (to any purpose) I ever yet possessed, a large heart and an open hand to my Friend, or Foe in misery) I could wish may yet come to pass, and why not? (without offence) as well as others? so it may stand with God's glory, and not to the wrong of any; else welcome still (be it whatsoever) the good pleasure of the Almighty.  
For Friends of neither kith nor kin were raised up unto me, ready to engage themselves by speaking and doing for me whatsoever might, and did procure me Credit with the Governor and Committees, even unto bonds; whose love and merit I shall be ever pressed (to my power) upon all occasions, (change they or change they not) to requite and honour; by whose means my Parentage was honoured; my parts commended; and (upon trial) both in private conference, and in full Courts openly approved; my salary was assigned me; my place apppointed; and in them both made equal (at least) with many of my betters.  
In fine, there was nothing wanting on the honourable Companies part or my Friend's behalf, that might abode unto me all wished prosperity, but that (in some others) which (for loue●… sake) I am willing in silence to pass over, as also to shun all impertinent, and supersluous matter, though the only stumbling-blocke in the way of my so fair proceedings to my future Preferments then; and (in effect, as originally) ever since; for love, (I am taught) covers a multitude of Infirmities, but uncovers none.  
Briefly then, to shut up my Introduction, and to the matter itself; All things being in readines●…e, and prepared for our intended Voyage, the Companies Orders with our Commission sealed up and sent aboard; yards a cross, and a fair wind, that now 'tis time to prosecute my purpose, and to launch forth into the deeps.  
Our Fleet (therefore) consisted of Four good Ships, viz. The Newyeares' gift, and the Hector; the Merchant's Hope, and the Solomon; which together set sail from the ●…ownes, about the Ninth of March, 1613. of burden from three hundred to 8. hundred Tons, completely furnished (besides private Provisions) with varieties for health and preservation of life; warlike apppointed though peaceably intended, in a fair and generous way of Trading, however report may wrong our Reputation.  
Our General, or chief Commander, an understanding Gentleman, Captain Nicolas Downton, whose religious Orders, (besides the honourable Companies) both for divine duties▪ and civil society, published and hung up in every ship, with his own good Example (no doubt) prevented many gross offences, which usually happen in promiscuous multitudes.  
Our Merchants or Factors were many, well nigh thirty, and most of them men of Experience as ever the Company employed any; Linguists, and Residents in foreign Countries; as Turki●…, Barbary, Spain, and Italy, with other places of best commerce, whereof four were Principals, and had each his several charge and respect next vn●…o the General, save in Marine affairs, wherein the Masters only commanded; their names, Master William Edward's, Master Nicolas Ensworth, Master Thomas Elkington, and Master Edward Dodsworth; he alone more bred a Gentleman than a Merchant, and our Gover●…ours Kinsman.  
Our ordinary means to stir up men's affections to goodness, as Prayer and divine Service twice a day, on the Sabbaths especially, and choice of good Books (in common) of the Companies providing to that end (to the comfort of all) were not wanting; besides a Preacher in his monthly visits, for Instruction, and Ministration of the Sacrament.  
Our places of refreshing were three, the first Cape boon Speranc●…, which afforded us plenty of Booes and Baas, or Beefs and Sheep for small pieces of Copper, whereof the Saluages make themselves Rings and Bracelets; they go all naked, save only before, a little flap; and feed (as they look and smell) most nastily; subtle they are, thievish, and very treacherous; their Houses are like Bee-hives, and many together make a Town, wherewith (upon occasion of changing their herds to fresh pastures, or the sight of two or three Muskets, whereat they tremble) away they skuddle (every one his Castle on his back) posting to a new Plantation.  
From hence, having repaired our Flee●…e, refreshed ourselves, and stretched our limbs (he that listed) to the very tops of the highest Mountains and craggy Rocks, which (for our pains) discovered unto us a goodly Country, extending far in length and breadth, in lower Hills and green Valleys running on together, pleasant to behold; yet always in company more or fewer, and with our Arms, (lest the Baboons out of some Thicket or bush should suddenly surprise us) at the end of three weeks or thereabouts we set sail again, and not long after came to an Anchor at Saint Laurence Island, in the Bay of Saint Augustine.  
Here we landed and traded three days with the people, and had large and fat Oxen for five shillings an Ox, most curious Darts and of diverse fashions as Art could make, and bright as silver, for half a Ryall or Threepences, but without silver we could have nothing, which they knew from counterfeit as well as any; we saw no Town nor house they had, though (doubtless) better then the Soldanians provided, by good conjectures, for their carriage had a gloss of humanity, a tincture of understanding; their persons full of proportion and comely feiture; tall, strait, strong, and sturdy; fierce of Countenan●…; admirable ma●…kesmen at the Dart, and active; very fair and black as jet (for the blackest they count the fairest) and all naked as the former, (perhaps but servants to their Lords and Masters;) many were desirous to have made some discovery into the Country, but we durst not contradict our Orders, nor hazard the danger of a thick Wood, whereof we knew no end; which of necessity must have been past.  
Our last touch was at Socato●…, where we found a King; not a Native, but of the royal blood of the ancient Kings of Barbary; who got this small Island by Conquest, and held the Natives in great servitude, whom our General presented, and would have entertained aboard the Ships, but he refused it; yet for three or four days space, came down daily to the water side from his Castle, with his guard of soldiers borne in a Palanquine, and after the Moorish fashion (crosslegged) sitting in state under a rich canopy upon Turkey Carpets spread on the ground, and as richly clad in cloth of Gold, conversed in the Arabeck and Portugal tongues, with the General, Merchants, and Masters both of Marchandizing and Navigating affairs (himself being a Merchant, as likewise all the Kings of those Eastern parts, who trade by their Agents and Factors) of whom we bought a good quantity of Aloes Socatrina, even his whole store; and in the Art of Navigation, Astronomy, with other branches of the Mathematics (by report of those that understood) very judicious; having celestial and terrestrial Globes, his Instruments and Astralabe about him to show us, which he had gotten (bought or presented) of former Fleets, and every year increasing his stock by English, Dutch, Portugals, and Spanish that came that way; A man of a lively countenance and well favoured; about forty years of age; as full of Courtesy and affability as might stand with his Majesty, and as full of Majesty (respecting his Commodity) as might be, for he was a Kingly Merchant, and a Marchantlike King; at parting he gave amongst v●… (to some in particular) abundance of Dates in heaps & lumps, which made our Guisadoes, our broths and Dumplings so much the sweeter, whom again we gratified from the ships with our Seamusicke, great Guns and Trumpets.  
And thus weighing and setting sail again (with starbord and larboard; port and helm al●…e) we steered on our Course, till with the help of God, and our constant Monsoone, or westerly trade wind, we very happily (but hardly) recovered the Rendezvous to S●…rat, and came to an Anchor in the Road of Swall●…e, about the tenth, of November, and of our great Company (thanks be to God) lost only one man, who came sick of an Ague out of England, but here quickly they began to dye faster of Fluxes and Fevers.  
Upon advice of our arrival, by a dispatch to Surat, some eight miles up into the Country, Mr. Thomas Aldworth the Companies chief Agent there, an understanding Gentleman and once Sheriff of the City of Bristol, came down to us a joyful man, and for many interchangeable causes was as joyfully received, and with him Coach and horse for convoy of the Merchants to the City, for now the Term (or vintage rather) after our long Vacation, approaching, we must leave the ships a a while, and apply ourselves to land-service.  
In our short journey upon the way, every thing almost seemed new unto me, the people with their customs especially, not the Moors (for I had seen of them before in Spain and Barbary) but the ancient natives of the Country, called Banians, who (notwithstanding their different Religions) live civilly, neighbour-like one among another, in Cities, Towns, and Villages (but not in Houses) together, whom (in Concourse) we first saw at Swallie, the first mile from the water side, where the Mocodam or Constable received us, proffered us his own, with the Town's service, and performed it in such necessaries and compliments of provision as we required, or would accept off; Bread, Wine, Plantines, Taddie, and such like Regalos y● scanty place afforded; wherewith more delighted than refreshed (as with novelty and variety) we set onward through an even and a solitary way till we came in sight of Surat, and of a Navigable river which ran close under the Town walls, upon which within, stood a Castle (a good ornament to the place) and fortified with men and munition.  
This River we passed, and landed right before the Alfondica, or Custom house, and so along through many streets (humming like Bees in swarms) with multitudes of people in white Coats, men and women; (close bodied, and full of gathering to the leg) with breeches and stockings in one, ruffling like boots and all of one single calico; this being their General and most neat, or Angelical habit, which sparkles (of their kind of starching) like silver spangles; until (almost smothered with clouds of heat and dust) we c●…me to the English house a day or two after Master Aldworthes return from the Shippe●… with the prime Merchants, where we found ourselves as at home, in all respects well accommodated save lodging, which with brevity was very commodiously supplied, by taking another house with an Orchard and pleasant walks upon the roof (after the Spanish and the Moorish building) to our rich content, having Chambers, Diet, Servants, Coach and Horse with attendance of Indians called Peones, for the way, and all at our honourable Master's charge except our Apparel, wherein alone, and by our salaries we differed from common Prentices, only (yet ingeniously) acknowledging a precedency in our little Common weal, for a kind of representation to prevent confusion.  
But now, before I proceed (being called upon by order) I am willing (for more variety) to entertain a while my Courteous Reader with a short discourse of myself and another, being not a whit impertinent, but r●…ther a good Compliment, if not a comely ornament to the History itself, how that in few days I here suddenly fell sick of a burning Fever, and (thanks be to God) as suddenly recovered; for fearing the extremi●…y of that raving and uncomfortable Sick●…esse, (against his will) I prevayl●…d wi●…h our Ch●…rurgion, to let me bleed till I fainted again, as foreseeing it to be my remedy; appl●…ed all comfortable things to my h●…ad; took my bed; and (full of perplexity to due senseless) I comme●…ded myself to God; after some idle talk to my friends about me, I fell into a slumber, but quickly wakened by a desire to ease my stomach, and had (at least) a dozen vomits, naturally, which gave me a most comfortable night; turned my great sorrows into the greater rejoicings, at the lively apprehension of God's infinite mercies; made me forthwith an instrument of comfort to another that shortly after of a bloody Flux sickened and died; by such words and warrants from the word of t●…uth and my own experience of inward Celestial joys beyond expression, to honest hearts and heavenly minds, that won me his earnest attention (to his and my own advantage, for I applied him the closer) which took so deep an impression in him, that it left him not to his last breath.  
To mention all circumstances and passages of his six days sickness, would seem a needless curiosity, which (in comparison of some then languishing and repining under the same Cross) he suffered with singular patience, and spent it most in abstinence, silence, and meditation; the night before his death, in private conference, watching with him, he told me (after his accustomed mildness) he had thought of my former talk, and should find my Words true; the next morning (upon my persuasion) he r●…ceived the Sacrament, after he had made his Will in the presence of another Merchant and myself; one Master Edward Hamden; wherein (in effect, having his memory perfect to the last) he would (more than once or twice) have given me his whole E●…tate, being of some value I remember, but excusing myself (with thanks for his love) I refused it, as not expedient for myself (me thought) in regard of the work in hand, though lawful (I knew) for another, least Religion should suffer, and my labour of love be thought merc●…narie, whereof (God knows) I was exceeding jealous, to prevent occasion, or the least prejudice in any, the sick man especially.  
After all this, having tasted some comfortable broth I caused to be made for him by our English Cook, he presently fell into aswound, thinking all he had been dead, but after a while reviving, raised himself up, and looked earnestly round about the Chamber, being full of good Company, Merchants and others, whereof our Preacher was one, at least a dozen, with some Strangers, as our Indian Doctor, etc. and fixing his eyes upon me, beckoned me to him with his hand; I went and sat close by him on his Bed; he presently caught me in his Arms and hugged me (not like a dying man) with such strength and unutterable expressions of joy (between ●…peech and speechless) that moved passion in all, but myself especially to drown him in tears; as, Ah my Friend, my Friend; my true, my happy, my faithful friend: and ah the joys! the joys, the joys; Aah, Aah, Aah, and the like: flung away his things about him, wherein (he said) he had taken too much delight, in token how slightly he now valued them or the whole world; reached forth his hand to all the company, lifting his eyes on high with an overjoyed countenance, where his mind in silence had been long before.  
And thus (in a blessed peace) about 9 of the Clock on a Wednesday morning, being the 23. of November, 1614 he took his last farewell of this wretched life, and changed it (no doubt) for a better: his name Master Timothy Wood, a young man, and once a Mercer (I think) in Cheapside, but then a Factor for the Honourable East India Company: What I have written I fear not to be censured, because God knows this my Relation (in substance) to be true, and not for mine, but for his own glory, (the only blessed Author of all goodness) have I now at length penned it, and for the good of any that can make use thereof.  
My sad Story (of a joy Triumphant) being ended, and the Funerals performed, I am called upon to a further relation of our journey up within the Country, to make provision of goods for best and speediest returns home unto our honourable Masters, to which end, it was ordained in Consultation, that by a distribution of our Company into four Squadrons, the prime Cities or Marts for Commodity, Trade, and Commerce of that rich Kingdom should be invested by us, as Baroch and Brodera; Amadavaz and Cambaya, each in distance at least a day's journey one from another; our Commodities were diverse, as sundry sorts of Stones; Aggate Cups of curious Art●…;▪ Quilts, Conserves, Drugs, Cotton Wools, and (for bulk or gross lading) Indicoes and Calicoes.  
Our first journey or place of rest from Surat, was Baroch, being three days on the way, much toiled with heat and dust, in regard of our slow proceedings with our heavy carriages, and the toilsome passage of two Rivers with ladings and relading of our goods; (interruptions and stays being worse than a continual progress) but here we were well refreshed at the English house, for Master John Oxwicke a Spanish Merchant being appointed chief for that place, and of a week's antiquity before, had made good provision for our coming, as well for our persons as the dispatch and clearing our charge of the Customhouse.  
From hence within a day or two we●… set forth, and by slow journeys (as before) came to Brodera, a dry●…r place (by a great River) but the greater City, and all a plain and pleasant Country (Baro●…h esp●…cially) for Orchards, Thanks or Ponds, very spacious, and artificially made, (in form, for work and workmanship not unlike our Baths) for general use and uses; Tombs, and Pyramids many in open Fields (and private Gardens) about which are to be seen certain Penitentiaries, or votari●…s (they say) but Lunatics and men (I think) really possessed with Devils, as in the Gospel is mentioned; their bodies naked, cut, and lanced with knives or stones, staring and stalking, to and fro, no less woeful than dreadful to behold; as was also the sight of a Pagot, or a Cell of devotion descending into a Vault under ground, where (being desirous of discoveries) we saw an ugly Idol against a wall, representing (it seems) their God, or their fear, but a plain Devil as we call it, in like form painted or graven, whom a certain Sect of Banians do worship, whereof there are many Sects, but of this no more, Purchase Pilgrimage from relation of exact Travellers hath them lively set forth.  
In this City, as all others throughout both Asia's and Africa we were lodged in the Ceragl●…, a spacious place made of purpose for all Travellers, Natives as else (for they have not the use of Inns as in Christendom) with commodious Warehouses round about, of one Story, four Square, in the manner of Galleries; and under them dry walks and places to feed their Coach-oxens, Camels, Elephants, and Horses, but in the middle all open, like our Exchange; It being supposed that every Merchant, Gentleman, or Nobleman hath his Tent or Coach to sleep in, if neither, they make the best shi●…t they can, and for their provision they bring it with them, or buy it in the Town.  
Here it was determined by a Consultation, for causes or supposals moving them (being before appointed for Cambaya) that myself should go back to Bar●…ch to assist Master Oxwicke there, in that main investment of C●…licoes, having a Commission given me beyond my expectation or desire, that (in case of the least cause by unequal carriage in our Master's business, or in particular toward myself, being persuaded, (as they told me) that if he would take the matter well, or live peaceably with any, I was the man) a word from my hand should displace him; such an opinion they all seemed to have of my Integrity, and he no less on the other side, assured of me; for (concealing whatsoever might move passion, or incite him to jealousy, I applied myself to him by Compliments of love and friendly 〈◊〉, till he became so well possessed of me both for judgement and Honesty, upon some experiences of them both, that (in effect) he made me his Secretary, and would not write a Letter of Consequence in his own affairs (as occasions there were between him and some others of principal note) without my advice and allowance for a pass; wherein (I thank God) I never failed but pleasured him, by his own often ingenious acknowledgements, with good reasons for his satisfaction.  
But yet all this while I am still in Brodera, in the house of a rich Banian well lodged and entertained for three days, till he had procured me from the Governor Mosaph Cha●…, or Lord Mosaph, a Guard of Soldiers under a Captain of ten, both horse and foot, with shot and lance for my safe Convoy to Baroch, our English Friends being all gone forward, and myself alone with a kinsman of his own for my linguist and Coachmate, and not without cause, for my Coach on the way was suddenly stayed by a Company of sl●…ues that thwarted us, but speedily rescued by my guard, with knocks on both sides, yet no hurt on ours, and all with such celerity that I had scarce time to draw my sword and show myself a party before they were quite vanished; then on again we went merrily, (my Banian especially) laughing and talking, giving and eating of our junkets till we came near to the City; there I dismissed my valiant Soldiers, gratified their desert with a small reward, yet to their rich content, and at parting had a general Salam of them, or Congee to the ground, with a short Volley, and adieu.  
And now being come to Baroch, to the English house, my friend bids me lovingly welcome, to whom I gave my Letters from our Cape Merchants, and (after collation) showed him my general commission, who presently declared himself, that seeing the matter must be so, he was right glad of my company, as of one whom of all others, he would have made choice of for his friend and associate; and thus, well possessed of each other, on we went together in our Master's business, buying Calicoes as fast as we could procure our Brokers to bring us in good Bargains, or direct us to them, spending our interims of Vacation for about two Month's space as best liked us; sometimes in visits to the Governor; sometimes taking our Coach to breathe the Country ayr●…; sometimes walking upon the City walls, which from that stately situation gave us a goodly prospect pregnant for delight and Meditation; and lastly, our own House, having high and pleasant Tarasses or Walks on the Roof, for domestic Recreation; that in this pleasant place (in number four English) we lived like Lords, to the honour and profit of our Honourable Masters, and to our own hearts content, save a little jar that fell out at last, about a parcel of Calicoes, but lovingly and honestly reconciled again.  
By this time, our general investments drawing to a period, and most of our goods from all parts sent aboard, Marchantlike made up and marked as in the Margin; and understanding our dispersed Companies and friends to be again united, and on the way towards us (save such as were appointed for the great Mogores Court; namely, Master Edward's, our Preacher, and some others) we could no less (having now leisure enough) but set forth to meet them; it being a pleasant observation (at a distance) to note the order of their Coaches and Carriages, drawn by two fair fat Oxen a piece, with Bells about their necks, jinge, jinge, and softly jogging on; extending all in length like a Teem, (for the way admits no familiarity) enveloped with a Cloud of dust (for a Quita Sol) to shield them from the Sun; and guarded on either side, with swords, half Pikes and Targets; small shot, Bows and Arrows, etc. As if (presented to a Novelist) it had been the spoils of a Triumph leading Captive, or a preparation to some sad Execution.  
Being all met together, we generally salute one another, and each his friend in particular, with mutual congratulations, for our good success and safe returns thus far; having lost but one (as I remember) a young Gentleman, Master Henry Smith, Nephew to Sir Thomas Smith our Governor, who died of a bloody Flux at Amadavas, being a prime youth and much lamented; and here unawares (as many light on ill Bargains) I over-hastily changed my horse for a Coach, and took his place that left it, to confer with my friend and familiar acquaintance, Master Ralph Preston, a Religious Gentleman; and quite forgetful of his mishap out ward bound, I fell into the very same, by letting one Leg hang out of the Coach, and (in talk) moving it to and fro, the Wheel caught it, which my friend perceiving, he presently cried out to stay the Coach, Rack Rack, as Master Henry Smith had done before for him, which saved both our Legs from breaking, but did rend my heel, which for a Week so tormented me, that I could scarce take rest, yet (thanks to God for a good flesh) soon well again, but could not travail in a Fortnight after, nor scarce then, save in a Palanquine to Surat.  
And thence aboard the Ships again, scarce cold yet of the Portugals blood, by means of a late cruel fight in our absence, occasioned by the Portugals, who (with six Galleons, or great Ships of War, two Galleys, and sixty Frigates) suddenly surprised the Marchants-Hope, which was deep and richly laden for England, not doubting to have taken her as she lay at Anchor with the rest, in that unexpected manner cutting their Cables by the Halser, and with a strong Current of the Tide forcing in upon her; but were sound beaten for their haste; for in laying her aboard on all parts with throngs of men and fresh supplies, the Master and Company being vigilant and valiant, stoutly resisted; gave them so hot entertainment that their legs and arms were sent flying into the Air, and the Ship pestered with their dead and dying bodies, scorched and wounded with weapons and fireworks, and their blood issuing out the Scupper holes into the Sea, as not willing to abide their fury; by this time the rest of our Fleet had likewise cut their Cables, and were under Sail, increasing the fight a long time (by report with los●…e but of two or three of our men) till they had made such a slaughter amongst them (the Frigates especially) that their dismembered bodies after they had breathed their last, with shrieks and cries in the Conflict, lay floating on the Sea, and coveting the Shore, were taken up daily for many days, by the Port●…gal Inhabitants, and the Indians for their spoil; and the r●…st unable to hold out, away they went with no l●…sse shame and loss of former reputation, then perpetual honour to our English Nation, through out the Indies.  
The next tidings that I heard, (being now again in the Fleet with the rest, expecting our further passage to the Southward, according to the Companies Commission) was a Messenger from our General, or chief Commander, tha●… I must come to sp●…ake with him: Aboard the Admiral I went, a little limping of my late hurt, and being come, he received me with courtesy, took me apart into the Gallery, and (to be brief) told me that for such and such reasons, the Council had determined of me for Surat, and therefore wished me to provide for the Shore, namely (with leave of modesty I speak it) for the good opinion they had justly conceived of me, to be a friend of trust unto Master Aldworth, and an aid unto our Master's affairs, occasioned by some refractory fugitives that not long before our arrival (to make a purchase) had attempted his death, being forced into his chamber (a weakly man) to stand upon his guard to preserve his life. All which did not a little cheer me up, and quicken in me a Noble resolution unto my charge, though incredibly thenceforth (as from God to keep me exercised I think) from time to time opposed by some fire brand●…, some seditious Malcontents or other, repi●…ing my respect, to my great discour●…gement, and no small sufferings, notwithstanding my best endeavours and dese●…t, which doubtles●…e stirred them the more, and increased my own sorrows; for wrath is cruel, and anger is outrageous, but w●…o is able to stand before Envy ●… Pro. 27. 4.  
Few day●…s after this, (at last parcing) I went aboard again to take my leave of the General, and (not without open demonstrations of his love, tears and embracements) having commended him and his whole proceedings to the blessing of the the Divine providence, I left him; and with my good wishes to all the rest, in company with our factory went ashore to Surat; having had but few nights before, a dream, that in my passage for Bantan, two sturdy Knaves grappled with me to have heaved me overboard, but in the conflict (to save my s●…lfe) I awaked, and finding it but a Dream was glad.  
Here for a Month or two, wanting no leisure, we spent our time at Surat, every man as (with approbation) best liked him; sometimes within doors, sometimes abroad; now with our provision visiting this garden, now that Orchard; to day fresh Rivers; to morrow open fields and fair Monuments, whereof there are store, but always (after the Country's custom) in Coach or on Horse to prevent disgrace; our recreation for the most part, Bow and arrows, and free from all molestation of the Inhabitants; a mixed people, quiet, pe●…ceable, very subtle; civil, and universally gou●…rned under one King, but diversely lawed and customed; their grain is Wheat, for the better; Rice, and diverse kinds else for the common sort; their provision of other victual is Beefs and Buffeloes; sheep & goats; young kid and hens in abundance, and of littl●… value for the great pl●…nty, and fewness of eaters; for the Banians of whatsoever sect (being half the Inhabitants, and the ancient Natives of the Kingdom) by their Laws eat no kind of flesh, nor any thing that hathlife in it; nor dae they kill any thing (for their lives) though never so venomous or hurtful, no not a Mouse nor a louse, but will rather feed them; their greatest cruelty is to lay it down, and let it shift for itself; (O happy Creatures that breed amongst the Banians) a kind of Rechabits also, for they never drink wine, nor any strong drink, but water only, yet so fat and sleek that they shine again; Confectuaries of all sorts, as Sugar-Cakes, and Marchpanes; Suckets and Marmelades; Rice, Pulse, and other Grain stewed with Butter and Spices after their most savoury fashion, is there only feeding; but the Moors and mahometans, more at liberty, for they abstain from nothing but Swine's flesh, which is a cause that many parts of the Country, even whole Fields do swarm with them; these drink wine liberally, and strong waters, yet never drunk but in the Night, and then their women, their Wives and Concubines (whereof they are stored according to their states) sing most melodiously, with such elevated and shrill voices, strained unto the highest, yet sweet and tuneable, rising and falling according to their art and skill, (for every Country hath his own, and more or less excelling) that I have been ravished in those silent seasons with the sweet Echo, or reflection thereof from a fair distance, and kept waking hours together, listening to them; anticipating (in my desires) the new Moons, which they constantly thus celebrate; for the Heavenly representation thereof (me thought) where commonly my meditations had their end.  
For at like times especially (though superstitiously) they observe, (or rather profane) these and the like ceremonies, sing aloud unto God our strength, make a joyful noise unto the God of jacob, take a Psalm and bring hither the Timbrel, the pleasant Harp with the psaltery; blow up the Trumpet in the new Moon, in the time appointed on our solemn Feast-day; again, praise the Lord with Harp, sing unto him with the psaltery, and an Instrument of Ten strings, sing unto him a new song, play skilfully with a loud voice; again, O clap your hands all ye people, (both Men and Women in their Hymns & Dances) shout unto God with the voice of Triumph; then they anoint their heads with Oil, and their cups run over; making their faces also to shine with costly Ointments and odoriferous, at first sight or news of the new Moon, which they congratulate with great joy, the slave to his Lord, the servant to his Master, and one friend to another, A l●… Espan̄ol●… erying Albricias, Albricias, a reward for our watchfulness or good tidings.  
Their chief recreation is riding of Horses swift and active, for discipline & service, with Lance, Bow, and Target, whereof they abound, and have very good, not inferior to the Spanish jennet; but their Princely sport is hunting the wild Boar and Antelope, peculiar to the King, his Nobles, and Gentry; a people throughout of mighty estate or wealth, yet all subject (in a moment) to the spoil, or to be restored, at the pleasure of their Prince; full of Majesty in their port, and no less of expectation for respect; sumptuous in their buildings; curious in their Orchards, and Gardens, beautified with Artificial Ponds, Fountains, and Water-works; populous in their attendance; rich in attire; imperious Lords over their Servants; and cruel in their corrections: having also both for state and War, abundance of Elephants, which likewise they use for their journeys as Sumpter horses, and to carry their Women and Children, twenty (perhaps) in a frame of Timber (Castle-like) upon his Back, with windows and small pieces of Ordnance planted forward and backward (the Country being full of Thiefs, and dangerous) and upon his brawny neck (Monkie-like, of same bigness with his head, or bigger) sits a man astride in full breadth with a hook in his hand like a sickle, for a Bridle, and a Spur to guide and stay him, which is done with the least touch of the sharp point upon his Noale, whereof he is very tender; hath a body like a house, but a Tail like a Rat, erecting it like a Cedar; little eyes but great sight; very melancholy but wise (they say) and full of understanding, (or subtlety rather for a beast) sometimes they become mad, (of what I know not) and breaking loose endanger multitudes; is fed somewhat costly, as with good bread, muskmillious, sugar Canes, sweet stalks, and sour grass, or sedge of the worst; steers like a hulk, stiffnecked, almost all of one piece; feeds himself with his Trunk or snout, (that deadly instrument of his rage) being of a just length ●…o the ground; taking his meat with the end thereof, and winding it up, (or under rather) to his mouth, so eats it; but drinks therewith at length; his stable is commonly the open air; a massy iron chain his halter; a great Tree his manger: and the shady boughs his shelter; and thus stands this Monster by one of his legs (of like proportion with a post or a beam) all the day bound to the good bebavior, till occasion release him; in whose description I have been somewhat the larger, because God himself calls him the chief of his ways, Behemoth by name. Job. 40.  
Their drink in general (for ordinary) is water, made relishable by art or nature; by thirst or some preparative; and wholesome by a natural concoction, or a causual preservative; according to each constitution, and the Country's provision; with a man's own discretion in the use of the creature; every one to himself herein, being (as we say) either a fool or a Physician, having sweet meats enough for the former; remedies and receipts (or concei●…es) for the latter. El borach●… 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, mas el aguado ci. saith the Spanish proverb.  

A friend to sweet meats,  
Sobriety may be,  
Yet so, a drinker of Wine  
you shall never see,  
For wine and sweet meats  
sound Palates do loath,  
But sweet meats and water  
are grateful both.  
All contraes in Nature  
by skill reconciled,  
Produce best effects  
both to man and Child.  
As, drink no longer Water,  
but a little Wine,  
To the Temperate man  
is Counsel Divine;  
So, drink no longer Wine,  
but a little Water,  
To th'intemperate man,  
for it keeps him sober.   
The Country affords no Wine but artificial distillations of ●…ples, like our hot waters: very tasteful they are, and wholesome, but not so strong, so full of spirit as ours, which makes the Moors to prise them far above their own, and to esteem them for the best present, or Merchandise can be brought them; only the Portugal Inhabitants in their Towns and Cities (being many and great) do make a kind of Wine of dried Grapes, or Raisins of the Sun, for relish and operation the best (I think) in the world, not inferior to the Spanish Nectar, El vino de San Martin: being pleasant, strong, and cordial, called Raysin Wine, almost of the colour of Alicant, or steelebacke, which (thanks to our honourable Masters) we were seldom without, or some other, to concoct the crudity of our not so wholesome Waters, at meals especially, and never did us any hurt but good, though bought (but not immediately) of an enemy: for we were wise, and wary enough in that.  
Their habit (as I have said) is white, light, and thin, fit for the Country's heat; but thicker, and richer Clad in the Winter, with Pintadoes, Silk stuffs, Satins, and Damasks died into all sorts of lively & good colers, cloth of Gold, Silver, & tissue, of their own, whereof they have plenty, being quilted with a cotton Wool between the outside, & the inner lining: for their seasons do alter there with a sensible differ●…nce as here.  
Their Coins in silver, (as for Gold I never saw any that I remember) are Mamudes and Ruppees; the Mamude in value about 10. pence halfpenny English; the Ruppee, more or less as they differ in their names and valuations, of which there are four or five sorts at least, and the least of them about two Mamudes and a half, the Ruppee; stamped on both sides with Moorish Characters, and in form very thick and round; their Copper money whereof they have such plenty, as (if tolerable for exportation) might prove a good return; being made into great churlish pieces) they call Pisceses, whereof 30. (commonly) make a Mam●…dee, and of the rest proportionably; but still after the inconstant current of the Exchange, almost continually rising and falling, which is in the power of the Sheraffs, Bankers, or Money-changers to alter at their pleasure.  
Their Country for the most par●… (being plain from Hills and Mountains) is indifferently stored with Mes●…ites or Churches very fair and sumptuous; with 〈◊〉 also or Villages; Towns and Cities, pleasant, great, and populous: River▪ d Walled, Castled, and munitioned; and constantly watered at a certain yearly season, to wit our Summer: from towards the end of May, to the end of August, or thereabout, with frequont sober Rains, scarce two fair days together, without some showers or other, and all the year after so clear a Firmament, as not a Cloud to be seen, that I have been weary of fair weather: and this Rayne-water by the better sort is received into Vaults, made for the nonce, to serve them for their drink all the year after, being wholesomer (they faith) than their other waters: as also, this Raynie season is observed of all for the best times to travail in.  
I could yet say more in 〈◊〉 particulars, but having said enough (I think) in proof of my Travels, and praise of the Country's goodness: it were superfluous, and beyond my intent to become Cosmographical, and therefore I will here confine myself, being now summoned to a Consultation, determining a journey to be made unto the foresaid City of A●…adavas, by Master Thomas Aldworth the Companies chief Agent; myself his second; for Cashier and Accountant; with four other English, whereof two were homebred Merchants, and 〈◊〉 more: to provide goods in readiness for our next Fleet, that the Ships (to their great damage) might not be detained as before.  
And for more safety both of goods and lives, our charge we had with us being of great importance, & the Country (as I have said) very dangerous, by reason of Thiefs, which continually (upon intelligence) ly●… armed in Troops on the way for booties; we held it best (though otherwise inconvenient) Mocrob Chan the governor of Surat then travelling toward Court at the King's command) to take the benefit of his Lascar or Camp (as also diverse others, it being the Country's custom in like sort to set forth, or with a Cara●…, a Caffala, a multitude of all sorts of people with their goods to that end gathered together,) for our more safe convoy, which yet we enjoyed not passed one night aside of Baroch, till we met again at Cambaya, being both our worse and farther way; For this great Lord with his many hands and much help posting faster than we could follow with our heavy and slow carriages, lef●…vs alone in the midst of danger, (God only protecting us) being three nights on the way, before we could reach to Cambaya, and spent two of them (with their sunschorching days) by the water side, having only our Tent for shelter, expecting there a boat to pass us over out of that Purgatory, and another of mischievous minded men, and murmuring Malcontents; Taddiepor Merchants and heartless soldiers; repining not only my charge, but my precedency also (or next respect unto Master Aldworth, and that by his precise order, against my own desire, enjoind me) to their ancient matrimony; making me both his Coachmate and his right hand at Table; and the more I sought by gentleness (for the present) to appease their spite, or (in continuance) by some change of behaviour to confront their folly. Pro. 26. 4. 5. the more (like themselves) they (still conspiring) in both respects mistook, and traduced me; declaring hereby the implacable disposition of Envy; but God alone did plead my cause, and (by degrees) put them to silence in their graves.  
Here at Sarode (for so the place is called) during, our abode, worthy of observation, I took notice of some part of God's omnipotent works of wonder, in the flux and reflux of that famous River of Cambaya, for fury, not unfitly called the Boar, for the Tide from the main sea twice a day, once beginning to flow (Contrary to common course of nature) comes tumbling in amain, with such a roaring noise a far off, of mighty foaming waves (like white ruffs a bout their proud necks) that it strikes admiration and terror to the beholder, in such sort that those high banks, with their dry sands and Oaes are suddenly covered and filled up to the very tops, for the space of many leagues in length together, yet never overflown; and upon return, with expedition leaves it (for the most part) empty and dry again; being (in absence of the Tide) a firm passage for all that dare adventure it; which thousands having done (and daily do, though some speed better) not taking their times aright, or the uncertain Tides deceiving them, upon credible report (like Pharaoh's host in thered sea) have been overwhelmed man and beast, Horse and Camels, Elephants and all, with infinite Treasures swept away into that Rich Ocean, before (upon too short a warning) they could recover (backward or forward) the shore again, for the River is of a very spacious breadth in many places over.  
Being here (after much toil in moving and removing our charge from place to place, for our best advantage against an assault, which we hourly expected, that we durst not sleep but by short snatches and turns; as also for our most commodious embar quing (the best being bad enough in that wild place,) comes a Bark, receives ourselves and goods aboard, and in a late Evening at a full water we set Sail, and (thanks be to God, who is mighter than the mighty Waves of the Sea) not without great danger, about Midnight we came to an Anchor right before Cambaya; and the Sabbath Morning landed in that Rich, Fair, and neat City, so famous throughout the World.  
Being now on shore (notwithstanding in good safety of life) we found ourselves little better than fallen out of the frying●… pan (as they say) into the fire, for all our goods were presently sequestered, and carried to the King's ●…lfondica●… till his Customs of seven Per Cent. were paid, viz. four in, and three out: which (according to the value) would have come to a good sum of money, whereat we were much dismayed, Master Aldworth especially, for his oversight, or too much confidence in Mocrob Chans favour, whom we often solicited there almost ●… fortnight, as an Instrument to procure the release of our said goods (the power (in effect) being in his own hands) but all in vain, till at last, a few days before our departure thence, Master Aldworth and my self (as at other times) went again to him, and sitting right before him very near, he eyed me all over, talking mean while to his then small company, at length bids our Broker ask me concerning the clothes I wore, what stuff it was? Where made? And other questions; to which I answered him; In conclusion we took our leave, and went home without a word of comfort; a while after comes our Broker, and tells Master Ald●…orth good tidings from Mocrob C●…an, that if he could procure him my Suit, we should forthwith have our goods delivered us; no sooner had Master Aldworth moved it unto me, as a favour which I may not deny him, I told him, what ere it were I would grant it; the word being spoken, I presently brushed up my amiable Suit, and sent it my Lord Mocro●… by the hand of our Broker, who brought us the same Evening a Warrant under his Signet for our goods, which the next morning (to our much content) I went and cleared, (our charge being more precious than life, and our Reputation above all.)  
But what this humorous Lord did with my Suit, I cannot tell, save (by our Broker's conjecture) to show unto his women; who for a novelty (though a toy) was observed to prefer his fancy to half a Kingdom, for he had seen many as good before, and far better, when (in his greatest pomp) our chief Agent, with all his Train, in our best bravery presented his Lordship from our Honourable Masters, the Governor and Company, at our first coming.  
During our abode here, we bought sundry Commodities as best liked us, for our Returns, and (to expel melancholy) that it should not domineer (being too much occasioned) took our Recreation off the City, Orchards, and Fields; but above all, to observe the Apes in that peaceable habitation of Banians, did not a little stir my blo●…d with their Apish tricks on the Houses, leaping from house to house in troops, with their little ones in clusters clutching about them, making daily work for the Tyler and Mason, by pulling out here a Tile, and there a stone, till they had uncovered whole houses in quarters and half quarter●…; and then through the Roof (as jeering the Inhabitants for their silly patience) made such moppes and mows at them; such Friscoes and Carieres to and again; now and then letting fall a stone or a tile upon their bombasted heads and thin shoulders, and watching in the fall what became of it, (with twenty other tricks) that it would make a Thief (as they say) slip his Halter and leap over the Gallows (if he might) to see the sport; and if a stone (unlooked for) chanced to come amongst them, that they took in so high a derision to be disturbed in their Work, that they would fly at a man with open mouth, as if they meant to swallow him; this goodly sight being also to be seen a great part of the Country thereabout, whole Fields alive, and the Trees covered with overgrown Apes and Monkeys; Parrots and Paraquites chattering and leaping from Bough to Bough, till come to the top, and then show their teeth and their tails to Passengers for a salutation.  
Thus, and thus, to and fro, changing our wearied thoughts from sadder objects, we entertained the way in company of Mocrob Chan and his Las●…ar, till the third day from Cambaya, early in a morning we entered Amada●…az, that great and populous City, the Metropolis of all those parts of Guizerat; famous for Nobility and gentry, as also for rich trade in variety, Indicoes especially, by means of a general confluence of most Nations in the world E●…glish, Dutch, Portugals, jews, Armenians, Arabians, Medes and Persians, Turks and Tartarians: cum multis aliis: in whose Streets (through the multiplicity of people) all enforce their passage by their P●…ones, or Footmen, with their spears and other weapons running before the coach or horse, (like Absal●… & his fifty men. 2. Sam. 15. 1.) Crying Poyce, Poyce, give way there, who serve as well for like necessities as for State, being in number more or fewer according to the quality and ability, or the pleasure of the person, which none of credit are (or dare be) without.  
Here we took a house, and settled a Factory, applied ourselves to our business as seasons and occasions were offered; mean while for our better proceeding we visit the Governor Abdala ●…han, and present him; signify the cause of our coming; desiring his leave and Noble favour in whatsoever case of justice we might have cause to use him; for which we should be ready at all times (most Noble Festus) to show ourselves grateful unto his Lordship: Our suit was accepted, together with our Present; Ourselves bid welcome, and a place appointed us where to sit; being in a spacious and princely Court, in the midst of a great multitude of Chans and Beagues, or Lords and Gentlemen, that twice a day morning and Evening duly came to visit him; this being th●…t (I take it) which is spoken of in Scripture, as of job in the East, and of other great men sitting in the Gate, or in public, to hear Causes and do justice, every one taking his place according to his degree, or at this great Viceroy's appointment, having first given him a Salam or low Congee; and all Crosslegged on Turkey Carpets spread on the ground, curiously paved or plastered with plaster of Pallas (as likewise their walls) shining like Alabaster, whereon they tread with their bare feet (as also in their Churches) leaving their slip-shooes at the door, or aloof off at the edge of the Entrance, like a Shoemakers well furnished Shop or Warehouse; All rich, or brightly attired (as I have said) according to the season; himself with a few of the principals sitting somewhat apart, on a little higher ascent at his Palace door, big enough for his corpulent body, and no more; with no less Majesty (me thought) in all but that, and the Capateria, or Shoemakers ware, then might well beseem the greatest Prince in the World; Drums beating; Soldiers guarding, Noble & gentlemen's Servants aloof off in Troops attending; and Coaches at the Court Gate in thick heaps waiting the dissolution of this great Assembly; sitting sometimes here, sometimes removing, but ever in a place presenting both State and delight, for magnificent buildings; beautiful Ponds and Water-works; pleasant Orchards and the like; and in this honourable presence every new Moon the common women of the City (in their long slops and short Coats) present themselves, by turns, with Timbrels and Dances, wanton Songs, and antique gestures, for their sport and recreation, so continuing till the Viceroy please to dismiss them; & all this in general, besides their particular Solemnities, as I have said before, in the Night seasons; wherewith my Story end●…, and welcome Gentlemen to a short collation, with thanks for your gentle patience in taking penance at so homely a pittance, and my well-wishings of good refresh to you all.  
FINIS.   

Gentle Reader.  
AS I have invited thee: so let me now advise, or rather entreat thee that having read me, thou wilt not rashly censure me; my intent throughout was to give content, not to some but all, which in one respect or other (I hope) answers my d●…sire; only herei●… lies all my doubt, lest offence might be taken here and there at my seeming Osten tation; but leave that to GOD, whilst my heart (I am sure) condemns me not; perhaps there may be Cause, and then to boast, is wisdom both in the Opinion and practice of the wis●…st; what I have done, hath been with as much respect to thy good as my own, in removing my Candle from under a Bushel, to set it fairly on a Candlestick, to the end that with the light there of I may see, and be seen of all, for of all things I abhor ●…o sit in darkness. Great is the benefit of Light; by it Confusion is banished, Co●…trarieties are known and distinguished, dangers declined, and good things embraced; It is the eyesight of knowledge from whence proceeds the due estimation we yield unto men (as all things else) but chiefly for their proper, and most essential or intellectual parts) even Wisdom (thereafter) to use or refuse them.  
And now (Gentle Reader) for the writing of Books so in general, aword or two (under Correction) in some defence thereof I hope will not f●…ll amiss; provided that neither Church nor State be dishonoured, or any particular person thereby justly offended. True it is, (and none but the unwise can den●…it) that S●…ollers for their rare jousts of 〈◊〉 are most sit to write for public use (having a thousand times wished myself a Scholar for the singular benefits that have their confluence to a man by Academical & well managed Arts;) yet that all others should be excluded, or not any (that will) of understanding and honest life (upon good occasion, the Premises considered) should be allowed of, I know not yet one reason of many (me thinks) to the contrary, to ratify that opinion; for if we consider the many benefits for one inconvenience, thereupon ensuing that stand up to plead for a general toleration, not one of a hundred (I suppose) even of Scholars themselves but will join with them in their ready approbation.  
For first of all is not that Noble Science of PRINTING made the more to flourish? Do not the Masters and Artificers thereof become able, not only for their private Families, but also Commonwealth's men? When their Presses (through a general supply of Copies) never want work? Are not Shops the better furnished with Books, and kept open by a frequent concourse of all sorts of Buyers, through the variety and choice of matter there to be had for a small piece of money, to profit themselves by other men's labours of an incomparable value? Doth not the reading of a few harmless lines entertain diverse from worse exercises, whom else (perhaps) better things would scarce content? 〈◊〉 had it not been profitable for many to have exercised themselves in writing of some Manuscript, whilst Idleness and ill-Company have been their utter bane and ruin? And how many have improved their parts and vacant times unto a good sufficiency of doing Service both in Church and Commonweal, wherein (to the honour and profit of both) they have lived, by applying themselves to virtuous studie●…, and writing their Observations, that never (perhap●…) eat bread in a University? Or why doth our State at present (in a sort) allow of, or connive at this toleration (under the foresaid Prouisoes) but for these or the like godly and civil policies no doubt? Besides other reasons which I leave to others; but if none of these will pass for current, yet could I wish (Gentle Reader) that Travellers (in due honour to their Travails) may have a place (though the lowest) in this honourable Privilege with Scholars and Poets, even for their experience ●…ake. A man that hath traveled (saith wise Strach) knoweth many things, and he that hath much experience will declare Wisdom; he that hath no experience knoweth little, but he that hath travailed is (or should be) full of Prudence; to wit, a man of Counsel and Action; of discourse and resolution; Eccles 34. 9 10. For they commonly see and conceive more abroad the●… others sitting at home, as being deeper engaged upon strange Occurrents; having their senses exercised, their bodies and minds hardened by sundry difficulties, and surviving many dangers; diving into the different dispositions of m●…n, and observing (from a selfe-knowing knowledge) the good and the evil among all sorts of people; wisdom also insinuating itself there, after a more familiar fashion then elsewhere, and thenceforth disposing them (oft times) (with small helps, and due encouragements) unto the weightiest aff●…res; in whose short lines may b●…e read large Observations of the Divine Power and Providence, to the Glory of God, and the public good, by the right use which ingenuous minds make of all things, and to which ends only they ought to be written; When I travailed I saw many things, and I understand mo●…e then I can express; I was oft times in danger of death, yet was I delivered because of these things. Eccles. 34. 11. 12. To communicate experience (therefore) is as commendable as profitable, being that which in all ages hath ever been allowed of, required, and practised by the wisest. Wis. 7. 13. Eccles. 39 8. Psal. 40. 10. For experienc●… that is hid, and treasure that i●… hoarded up, what profit (or not prejudice rather) is in either? And better is he that hideth his folly, than a man that hideth his wisdom or Experience, be it never so little, upon least occasion of doing good therewith; Eccles. 20. 30. 31. As appears by that slothful Servant, who hiding his Talon (instead of Modesty) incurred a censure of folly. Mat. 25. 24. 25. 26.  
Thus (Gentle Reader) having satisfied thee (I hope;) in my best wishes I commend thee (as myself) to the protection of the Almighty, and bid thee heartily farewell in CHRIST.  
CHR. FAREWELL.  Eccles. 6. 14. 15. A faithful Friend is a strong defen●…e, and he that hath found such a one, hath found a Treasure. Nothing doth countervail a faithful Friend, for his Ex●…ellency is v●…valuable.  
I. PET. 1. Add to your Faith Virtue, or Industry: 
ANd now, to shut up 〈◊〉 Indian Discourse with a word or two of Spain, being (n●…xt unto 〈◊〉 in Portugal) on Christian shore, my first and only place of foreign residence; where (if I may not seem to praise myself, having little else to boast of in the short Catalogue of my good works there, save only the releasing of an English Merchant out of Prison) I would willingly entertain anew my Courteous Reader with a short Story of an accident, wherein God made me the Instrument of much good unto another; but the wise (I hope) will either discern a cause of my boasting, or ●…t the worst will ascribe it to the common humour of Travellers, who love to tell of things they have seen and done abroad in the world, and so at least to excuse me, (for amidst all my extravagant delights, else (I may truly speak it, and (I hope) without offence to Charity) my heart (even then) was ever prone to honesty; to do good freely; on occasion ready to show mercy; more delighted to give then to receive; and faithful in my whole engagements; with an inward ze●…le in the performance of all; in a word, no man's foe (as they say, even in those days) but mine own; how much more than (to silence all detraction) shall riper times (on occasion) afford the same things at least, if not better: ill will itself (if it please) be judge.  
Detained upon some ●…mployment at the Tower of Velis Malaga, about sales and return of goods for England, there chanced into the Road (among other ships, English and French) ●…ertaine Hollanders, that brought a great quantity of Pic●…elingos, or counterfeit Copper Money of Spain, called 〈◊〉, and quartilloes, which by stealth at 〈◊〉 of opportunity they landed and dispersed here and there, as they had dohe 〈◊〉 other Ports: This in short space came to be suspected by the plentiful current of the money, (the parties themselves being gone, left others in danger) hereupon the Ships remaining in the Road were searched; above all the rest, suspicion was had of certain ●…hips belonging to the business whereon I lay for my Master and others, whereof Mr. John Pit had the chief charge, being himself at Grand Malaga about other business, dispatching for England; but they apprehended only his Servant or Factor one Mr. I ●…omas S●…edmer, whom they found aboard, ready to go for Malaga, and thence also for England; him they carried away Prisoner to Motril, about three leagues Eastward, where he was certain weeks, racked and hardly used; how he or the ships were released, I am not so punctual in my remembrance as to relate, nor is it much material (this being above twenty years since) yet at length released they were, for the truth than came to light; and whether by torture or else, I am not certain, Mr. Pit himself as principal, was laid out for: Officers of the Inquisition, from Motril were appointed and on the way toward Grand Malaga, to apprehend him: This by a happy chance (being at the water side to hear news) I understood; I went presently to my Almazen, or Warehouse; wrote him a word or two of advice, that as he tendered his life (upon receipt thereof) to retire himself for such a cause, which I sent by the hand of a Spaniard, a lusty sturdy Companiero, of whose trustiness I had observed something before, having employed him about styving our fruit, and other Reca●…dos of moment, with a charge to out run the Constable, corre Juan, vete bolando por su vida, que yo 〈◊〉 lo pagare, bien pagado; Run for thy life, and I'll reward thee lib●…rally: ●…nd so he did, for over the Rocke●… and high Mountains, (like a Goat) h●… made such a nimble expedition that he overtook, and out went the Mule-men, and was there some three minutes before them, which gave my advised friend, the advantage of his absence, just as the Alguazill and Officers came at his heels, that made his life of full value, which else upon any Merchant's insurance there, (by that time they had hampered him) had not been worth one Marvedi.  
This news (till then pensive at heart in expectation of the event) cheered me up no less than a cup of neat sparkling wine, especially for the punctuality of the success, and the applause of my diligent pen; which procured me the love of those which had never seen me, with munchas Mercedes, y beso las manos, for my good advice; and afterward upon my return to Malaga, declared it by a general Bienvenido, or welcome.  
And how God did require this small mite of my (not merit but) good will (for he likes not) to speak after the manner of men) to be long in any man's debt (but with more advantage to him) though always seeming so by the continual lengthening out of his mercies (if we observe them) beyond our own time, even to posterity, from generation to generation; as if by this kind of acknowledgement of his (for his own word sake) he were still indebted to us and ours, & could never su●…ficiently recompense our good endeavours, by the utmost of his infinite goodness freely promised thereunto in his best beloved, his soul's delight; to teach us that we should never be weary of doing him like acceptable service, even for the good and safety temporal and eternal, of ourselves and ours; but chiefly for his own honour and glory.) I could here well declare in a Cloud of particulars ever since, touching his wonderful providence in my preserv●…tion, protection, and deliverance in, & out of most imminent dangers, straits, and extremities, temptations and conflicts; but for brevity sake (leaving all the rest) I will touch only three, wherein God's power, and merciful providence did plainly declare themselves unto my Conscience, to whose praise alone I speak it, and to stir up all to a consideration of his wonders.  
Not long after this jubilee of success (the brunt of business being overpast) I went to Grand Malaga, whether indeed my desires lead me (contrary toreason) from Uelis Malaga, where I was left (upon order of my Master) by Mr. Pitt. in the house of a Regidor or Alderman, Senior Pablos Nunnies, for more conveniency to learn the language, Rregalado, or respected as in their own son; and growing daily in acquaintance, I began to declare myself in the choice of those pleasures whereunto my nature most inclined; amongst others, music and dancing were not the least, which thus occasioned the first of my proposed dangers.  
Lying in the house of Capt●…ine Simon Boureman, of best resort in the City by Eng●…ish Merchants, my first Rendezvous in Spain; and being well accommodated for all things, I fell into a consort-ship with other young men to entertain an Italian to teach us to dance, who came once a day to our Chambers; and in taking our turns of exercise, our Tutor unadvisedly commended my promptness, and the dexterity of my body; whereat one of the Company took pepper in the nose, and told me (in the contrary terms) I danced like a clown; knowing his malla●…ie, I broke it off with a jest, and a nip withal, that made him half angry; till from jest to jest, it grew into plain earnest (being both tender enough of our small Reputations) and sitting with our usual Company at supper, he challenged me (as not daring) to fight with him; I told him 'twas then no time for such a business, but that (perhaps) he might shortly hear of me, as half determined to try what mettle was in either; the next morning (I think unexpected) I went early to his Chamber door, wa●…like appointed with my Rapier and dagger (yet a daily Ornament in those parts, as any part of our apparel, wherein (be it known to all men) for my own particular, I took no small glory) and finding it open, in I went as at other times (though illaduised in that point) where I found him writing; After salutation I told him what I came for, and that if he meant to acquit his honour (I speak after the Spanish phrase) now was the only time fresh and fasting to walk into the Field, to prevent Concourse or tumult; My Gallant forthwith changed countenance, yet making wise to accept the offer went aside, and seemed to make choice of his weapons (having change of Rapiers by him) and taking a dagger in his hand (mistrusting no Treachery) suddenly offered to have stabbed me with it, but happily intercepting the thrust, with his hand that held it, I closed with him, and in struggling (though his inferior both in age and stature) I gave him the clean fall backward, on his bed, and fell upon him, setting my knee on his breast, holding down still his dagger, punching it upward with all his might at my face, and at length I wrest it from him; yet (the only point of manhood I observed in him) he made no clamorous outcry for the matter, as knowing (belike) with whom he had to deal) wherewith (as I told him, to requite his treachery) I could have slit his nose, or minced his face like a Carbonado; but mercy & manhood forbade me, as scor●…ing indeed the baseness, though enough provoked; nor would I for ten thousand pounds have laid in like sort at his mercy; At last taking my best opportunity, I suddenly sprang off from him, and left him alone in his Chamber, free from the least hurt done him, abiding without in an open Court under a Gallery walk, resting myself between a marble Pillar and a pack of cloth, leaning on the pommel of my Rapier, expecting every moment ●…is coming forth for the Field, but his intent was to have finished the combat there, with all safety to himself, and sudden ruin to me.  
For spying me through his door standing at that disadvantage (yet thanks be to God not walking, for than he had taken me napping) he rushed out suddenly upon me with a naked Rapier making a main thrust at my face, which again (as happily as the ●…ormer) I put by with my hand, yet not so, but that (glancing my throat) it touched my beardless chin, and made the blood run down; but feeling myself alive, I instantly drew (God forgive me all) with a full resolution to have run him through, as doubtless I had, up to the very 〈◊〉, had not the spirit of wisdom or fear made him caper backward with a leap (I still bless God for it) that I never saw the like. Timor addit alas. Fear gives wings. But considering the danger of that play (for I had wit in my anger, though some that beheld us, said, I fought sa●…s fear or wit) and changing my purpose, I followed him close with a double stroke two or three immediately succeeding, swift as lightning; for though not slightly stirred, yet being too far provoked, (to the terror of all proud, and commonly false-hearted provokers, I may justly speak it) my dreadless spirit would then have borne me through the midst of an Army.  
In which short conflict, I did so macerate his Arm from the hand to the Elbow, that it grieves me yet to think of it, (so little do I glory in the Relation, save only in our mutual preservation, mine own especially from so imminent destruction) and being gone to our chambers to be dressed, to tell why certain Spaniards of my acquaintance, and strangers that came then to see me, did so wonder at my Rapier, feeling the edge with their fingers, (not considering the principal, that what is done courageously and with expedition, is throughly done. Bis dat gui cit●… dat, to fight courageously is to fight victoriously) crying (after their fashion of admiration) Jhesus, all Diablo, que espada es esta? was, because (besides his arm) I had pared off the pappie flesh under his hand; out in sunder a thick gold Ring from off his finger; and withal (I suppose) his Rapier, for at the last stroke, that also fell in a piece with the rest to the ground.  
At the sight whereof, Mercy and Manhood again held my hand, without the least offer to prosecute him any further; whereat (with his own) there was a sudden Albarote, or outcry of household Servants newly up, Murder, Murder, and of our English Cook, that had done his best before to have parted us; that Senior Christoval, had slain Senior Fulano: but (a thousand thanks to God) it was not so; whereupon (by advise of the best in the house (in secret) not a little approving the exploit, nor much lamenting (but in show) the other, I know not why:) to prevent further mischief, I absented myself at Velis Malaga, making of necessity a Virtue; for there in Company of only one English Merchant, Capt. Lee by name, I improved my study, wrote them back Spanish Epistles, and profited mightily; having ever since been a man of peace, conquering by suffering, and prevailing by yielding, yet not basely neither, but understandingly too: being minded henceforth (for aught I know) never more to draw sword, but against the Enemies of God, my King, my Country, and my Friend: wherein God strengthen my resolution. Amen.  
The second was, being in Ireland (a few years after my return from the Indies, to wear out, or to weaken many discontents diversely occasioned me in England, by means of an employment I had imposed on myself, begun long before, but there (for causes) intending to finish it, with some other respects jointly procuring my absence,) among others, of less Profession, yet better condition, I chanced to be acquainted with a very Rook (as some term them) yet so well clad in a religious habit of smooth discourse, that I durst have trusted him almost with my life; so dangerous is a fair show without substance: the word of trust without Truth, the name of a friend, without the fruits of friendship, or the inspection of wisdom to discern the subtleties of Hypocrisy, that the very best (of which soever side) are, and have been subject to be deceived, that none should be too credulous of fair shows or reports, as they tender their own good, in cherishing (all they can against Envy) the due estimation of virtue in themselves or any.  
This man (upon a project of some profit, probable enough had his intent been honest, or my serious studies in higher affairs permitted me to have frequented or suspected him; (but opportunity not so much makes as takes a Thief, for an honest mind even scorns the temptation, no less than a lewd or a feigned suspicion) by degrees had wound himself at least ten pounds deep into my purse, being half way to the bottom, till fresh supplies out of England; and at last (to make the shortest of a sharks account) was glad to accept of one half of my ●…cipall, with loss of the other half, yet not without great profit neither, for a sharp lesson proves a good instruction; and our best wits are (commonly) the dearest bought; but this is not the matter, rather ●…n Introduction thereunto.  
For to get this money I was forced to dispense with my study (to wit K. David's Psalms, and St. 〈◊〉 Epistles; a word or two whereof in a short Treatise touching their praise, since composed by me, I once purposed should have been the period, or postern unto these my Travels) and to make many a journey to, and against him; among others, taking the pleasure of a dainty frosty Sunshine morning (whilst my Irish Colt took his recreation at home) I made a walk of six or 7. miles to speak with him at his house (having changed his dwelling from the Town into the Country) and on the way from Tullough, between Ballye Roberts, and Castle-Lyons, went aside out of a fair green Lancher, betwixt two great open fields under a hedge, to cover my feet, not ●…eeing nor mistrusting any danger, yet (in stooping down) had this thought in my mind; good Lord preserve me, this may be my last breathing: after a while looking up, right before me within twice my length stood a great grisly Wolf, bigger than a Mastiff, with a long bob Taile, p●…ick-eard, and a lank body, stock still looking on me.  
Though somewhat apàlled at this strange sight, yet to run▪ conceived was danger (for I had wit in my fear, as before in my anger) and therefore quietly hasting to be ready for him, still fixing my eye on his (wherein lies a mystery) till I had fastened my point; and drawing my knife, with a sm●…l wand in my hand, I went on guardant, soft and fair, observing how the Cur dogged me, (for 'tis a Creature (simply considered) as full of craft and subtlety, as of greediness and cruelty, which meeting in men (as commonly they lurk together, one being cause of the other) do make them more brutish and dangerous (God defend me from them) then wild beasts; such as St. Paul had to fight withal at Ephesus, (unreasonable and absurd people) as doubtless many good men have elsewhere daily,) and then turning towards him, and standing still awhile, he would do the like (for I could have been content, on a fair defence) to have tried the combat with him, in assured hope to have cut his throat, to enlarge my Scutcheon with a Wolf, or a Wolves head in a Canton, for an addition of honour, as well to my Ancestry, as happily to my heirs and posterity, for God only makes and gives all.  
In this sort perusing one another, on we went in company about half a quarter of a Mile together, till (being Market day at Tullough) people came riding by, away he went, but with admiration of all (in such sort) to have escaped his clutches; affirming it to be the He●… or 〈◊〉 Wolf, that a long time had ranged thereabout; done much mischief to man & beast; and could never be taken.  
Though now rid of my rude companion, I durst not be too secure, least on the sudden we might meet again; but ever with an eye in my pole, on I went still guardant, till I came to Kiel Jannicke, aside off Castle Lions, and there found my Friend to little or no purpose; but at my return 〈◊〉 got a rusty sword for my better defence, in●… case of necessity, which now & then I thought good to excercise against a bush or a Thistle, with a thrust at the one, and a slash at the other, supposing the Wolf to have been either; perhaps (I am not sure) like that valiant country travailer (according to the common Tale) who going home late in an Evening from work, in like sort laying about him (as he went) with his Trun●…, at the sudden outcry of a few Ducks, quake, quake, being at his wit's end, disclaimed all his former behaviour, with a fearful protest as (who should judge him) to be but a poor travailer, that never struck man in his life▪ nor meant to do; and so more afraid than hurt (having scaped a scouring) he went soberly home to sleep: as I also being delivered from my so great a danger at retu●…ne to my lodging, on my knees gave God thanks for my preservation, and still do; For doubtless the same invisible hand of heaven that shut th●…●…mouthes of daniel's Lions, did likewise shut the mouth of this r●…uening Wolf, else rea●… to have devoured me My God (saith he) hath sent his Angel, and hath shut the Lion's mouths, that the●… have not hu●…▪ me, forasmuch as before him, Innocency was found in me, and also before thee (O King) have I done no hurt. Dan. 6. 22. With the merciful, (saith▪ 〈◊〉) thou wi●…t show thyself▪ merciful, & with an upright man, thou wilt show thyself upright. Psal. 18. 25.  
The next and last never to be forgotten, was now of late the 29. of August 1632. passing from the Exchange toward my lodging; in Lothbury from four Story high, there suddenly fell down into the street (by what means God knows, but very strangely) a whole Window of glass in a thick frame of Timber, all fast in a lump together, and in the fall struck only the brim of my hat, missing my head but two or three inches at most, by means I think) of then mending my pace, (not knowing why) at the instant (I remember) when I sprang over into that side of the street, which else (doubtless) had struck me stone dead, so violent was f●…ll; for which let my soul for ever 〈◊〉 thee (O Lord) and all than is within meblesse his holy name, ●…s two or three of those that saw the manner thereof (I thank them) put me in mind so to do.  
The Angel of the Lord (saith David) encampeth round about them that fear him, and delivereth them. Taste therefore and consider that the Lord is good, blessed is the man that trusteth in him; for though his wisdom (to exalt the glorious Majesty of his power) leads them into temptations and dangers, yet his vigilant providence (for his promise sake) never leaves them; I will never fail thee nor forfake thee: Joshua. 1. 5.  
Affliction (like Paul's Viper) at first begets censure, but (upon delivery) it is the cause of honour. Acts. 28. 3. 6. I will be with him in trouble (saith God) I will 〈◊〉 him, and honour him. Psal. 91. 15. And what honour comparable to that of God's deliverance? Or what promise so to be●… relied on as his word? what buckler or Ca●…le of defence so safe as his protection? what service so commodious and honourable as his faithful service? or whom ever better served, allied counselled, or befriended (may examples of Truth and experience take place, malice with envi●… being banished or put to silence) then by such Alliance, Servants, Counsellors or Friends? whose dwelling is in the secret place of the most High, and whose abode is under the shadow of the Almighty, King of Kings, & Lord of Creatures both in Heaven & in Earth, in the Seas & all deep places. I leave to the judgement & consideration of all, with my hearty prayers as for my own Soul, that every one for their proper good (touching the premises in each particular) may rightly discern between things that differ, and impartially prefer those that excel.  What have I now done? is there not a cause? 1. Sam. 17. 29. 
FINIS.