England's WAY TO WIN-THE-FIGHT Wealth, and to employ Ships and Mariners: OR, A plain description what great profit, it will bring unto the Commonwealth of England, by the Erecting, Building, and adventuring of Busses, to Sea, a fishing.  
With a true Relation of the inestimable wealth that is yearly taken out of his majesties Seas, by the Hollanders, by their great numbers of Busses, Pinks, and Line-boates: AND ALSO A discourse of the Sea-coast Towns of England, and the most fit and commodious places, and Harbours that we have for Busses, and of the small number of our Fishermen, and also the true valuation, and whole charge, of Building, and Furnishing, to Sea, Busses, and Pinks, after the Holland manner.  
By Tobias Gentleman, Fisherman and Mariner.  
LONDON Printed for Nathaniel Butter. 1614   

TO THE RIGHT NOBLE, LEARNED, AND TRVELY HONOURABLE, HENRY, Lord HOWARD, Earl of Northhampton, Baron of Marnhill, Constable of the Castle of Dover, Lord Warden, Chancellor and Admiral of the Cinque Ports, Lord Privy Seal, Knight of the most Noble Order of the ●arter, and one of his majesties most Honourable Privy Council.  
RIGHT HONOURABLE,  
SEeing that by Nature our Country challengeth a greater interest in us, than our Parents, Friends, or Children can, and that we ought for preservation thereof, oppose our lives unto the greatest dangers: It is the part of every Native to endeavour something to the advancement and profit thereof, and not to affect ●t, for that we possess in it, but to love it for itself, as being the common Mother and Nourisher of us all. For mine own part, albeit my short fathom can compass no such great design as I desire, yet from a willing mind (as he that offered his hands full of water to great Artaxerxes) I am bold to present this project of my honest and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉; beseeching your L. whose 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 truly ennobled you, to take the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 your protection: And prefer it to the 〈◊〉 of our most Royal Sovereign, recommending the good effecting thereof to his gracious favour and ●rtherance. Doubtless: your ●tions and endeavours having all been full of virtue and goodness, are not the least prevailing motives whereby his Majesty hath so endeared you unto him. In this than you shall not think yourself disparaged, the matter being both honest and commendable, and in true value of as great substance, as the offer of Sebastian Cabota, to King Henry the seventh, for the discovery of the West Indies.  
Humbly at your Lordship's commandment, Tobias Gentleman.   

ENGLAND'S WAY TO WIN-THE-FIGHT WEALTH, AND TO IN ploy Ships and Mariners▪  
NOble Britons, for as much as it hath pleased the Almighty God to make us a happy Nation, by blessing and enriching this Noble Kingdom with the sweet dew of his heavenly word, truly and plentifully Preached amongst us; and also in cytuating our Country in a most 〈◊〉 Climate, & stored with many rich & 〈◊〉 Treasures for our 〈◊〉, which also yieldeth in abundance all things necessary, ●o that we do not only excel other Nations in strength & courage, but also a● other kingdoms 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 are by our English 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 & cherished. It seemeth 〈◊〉 the 〈◊〉 of ●ur gracious God, hath 〈◊〉 us 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 gem unto himse● 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Country with the plenteous 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 & 〈◊〉 of us from the whole Continent 〈◊〉 the rest of the inferior world, by our rich and commodious Element of water, which in due seasons yieldeth to us in abundance. For although o●r Champion Soil, by the 〈◊〉 of the Husbandman, be plentiful unto us: yet doth these watery Regions and Dominions yield yearly, great variety of all kind of most wholesome and 〈◊〉 fishes: so that it may seem 〈◊〉 and stable, and hard to determine, 〈◊〉 of his majesties Dominions of the Land or Seas, be richest. Myself being the most 〈◊〉 of all, in that I am no Sholler, but borne a fisherman's son by the Seaside, and spending my youthful time at Sea about ●isher affairs, whereby now I am more skilful in Nets, Lines, and Hooks, then in Rhetoric, Logic, or learned books: yet in those few which I have read, besides the instinct of nature, which maketh me to know that every one should endeavour himself the best he is able to be beneficial & profitable to the Kingdom & Commonwealth wherein he is borne, which was a forcible motive to incite me to think of this present discourse, the penning whereof was thus occasioned.  
It was my fortune, some two years past, to be sent for into the company of one Master john Ke●mar, who is a man very well deserving of his Country, and he knowing me to have experience in Fisher affairs, demanded of me the charge both of Busses and Line-boates, after the Hollanders fashion, and showed unto me some few notes that he had gathered and gotten from other men of my trade, which he seemed greatly to esteem of: for that himself was altogether unexperimented in such business, and further, I delivered to him certain principal notes which he seemed greatly to esteem; for that he said that he did mind to show them unto the right Honourable Counsel, whereupon I entered into the cogitation of writing this true relation out of my own experience and knowledge, touching the Inestimable sums of money taken yearly for fish and herrings out of his majesties Seas by strangers, whereby they have not only maintained their wars many years against the Spaniard, both by Land & Sea, he being one of the great monarch of the world, and at length, they have not only wearied him in the wars, and brought him to good terms & reasonable composition; but also it is most apparent not withstanding the huge charge of their wars so long continued, which would have made any other Nation poor and beggarly, they to the contrary are grown exceeding rich and strong in fortified Towns and beautiful Buildings, in platy of money and gold, in trade and traffic with all other Nations, and have so increased and multiplied their shipping and Mariners, that all other Nations and Countries in the world do admire them.  
Moreover, whereas one Haven in one of their Towns did in former times contain their ships and shipping with infinite cost, now they have cut out two Havens more to a Town, and at this present, are all three Havens scarce sufficient with room enough to contain their Ships and shipping, and by reason of their industrious Fisher-trade, not one of their people are idle, nor none seen to beg amongst them, except they be some of our own English Nation.  
And what their chiefest tr●de is, or their principal gold-mine, is well known to all Merchants that have used those parts, and to myself and all Fishermen; namely that his Ma●ies Seas is their chie●st, principal, and only rich Treasury, whereby they 〈◊〉 so long time maintained their wars, and have so greatly prospered, and enriched themselves.  
If that their little Country of the united Provinces can do this, as it is most manifest before our eyes they do, then what may we his majesties Subjects do, if this trade of fishing were once erected among us, we having in our 〈◊〉 Counties sufficient store of all necessaries to 〈◊〉 the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉. For the Hollanders have nothing growing in their own land for that bu●esse, but they are compelled to 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 their wood▪ timber, and plank, wherewith they build, & make all their Ships of, out of divers Countries, and their iron out of other 〈◊〉▪ their 〈◊〉 & Cordig● out of the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉▪ their Hoops and Barrell-boords out of Norway & Sprucia, their bread-corn out of Poland, & East parts, their Malt, 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉 drink from England, & also all their fish 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 wealth out of his majesties S●s.  
The which they do transport unto the foresaid 〈◊〉, & 〈◊〉 for the 〈◊〉 of 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉, the 〈◊〉 commodities, whereby their Ships and Mariners are set on work, and continually multiplied, and into their countries is plentiful store of money and gold daily brought, only for the sails of fish and herrings.  
And their Country being, as it were, a small plot of ground in comparison of great Britain, for two of his majesties Counties, Suffolk and Norfolk, do equal, if not exceed, in spaciousness▪ all their Provinces, & yet it is mani●t, that for shipping and 〈◊〉 ●ring men, all England, Scotland, France and 〈◊〉, ●or quantity of shipping and Fisher men cannot make so great a number.  
Howsoever this may 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 unto many that do not know it; yet do I assure myself, that a great number besides myself know I 〈◊〉 nothing 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the 〈◊〉.  
Wherefore seeing the great 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 business by the Busses, 〈◊〉, or ●ships, by 〈◊〉 of this profitable 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 trade, which will bring plen● 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ●iesties 〈◊〉, and be 〈◊〉 the 〈◊〉 good of the Commonwealth, in setting of many thousands of poor people on wor●, 〈◊〉 now 〈◊〉 not how to 〈◊〉, and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the increasing of ships and 〈◊〉- men, which shall be employed about the taking of fish & 〈◊〉 out of his 〈◊〉 own 〈◊〉, as also ●or the employing of ships, and 〈◊〉 of Mariner's, for the 〈◊〉 o● 〈◊〉 Kingdom against all 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, and for the enriching of Merchants with transportation of Fish and Herrings into other Countries; and also for the bringing in of gold, and money, which now is grown but scarce, by reason that the Dutch and Hollanders have so long time been suffered to carry away our money and best gold for fish and Herrings, taken out of his majesties own streams, which his majesties own Subjects do want (and still are like to do) if that they be not forbidden for bringing us of Fish and Herrings: And this worthy commonwealths business of Busses fostered and furthered by his majesties Honourable Council, and the Worshipful and wealthy subjects, by putting too of their helping Adventures now at the first: for that those that be now the Fishermen, of themselves, be not able to begin.  
Those poor Boats and sorry Nets that our fishermen of England now have, are all their chiefest wealths, but were their ability better, they would soon be employing themselves: for that it is certain that all the Fishermen of England do rejoice now at the very name and news of building of Busses, with a most joyful applaud, praying to God to further it for: what great profit and pleasure it will b●ing they do well understand, and I will hereafter declare.  
First, I shall not need to prove that it is lawful for us that be his majesties own Subjects to take with all diligence the blessings that Almighty God do yearly send unto us at their due times and seasons, and which do offer themselves freely and abundantly to us, in our own Seas and nigh our own sho●s.  
S●ondly, to prove that it is feacible for us: for what can be more plain than that we see daily done before our eyes by the Hollanders, that have nothing that they use growing in their own Land, but are constrained to fetch all out of other Countries; whereas we have all things that shall be used about that business growing at home in our own Land, Pitch and Tar only excepted.  
Thirdly, to prove it will be profitable, no man need ●o doubt, for that we 〈◊〉 the Hollanders have long 〈◊〉 their wars, and are nevertheless grown exceeding ●ich, which are things to be admitted, in so much that themselves do call it, their Chiefest Trade, and principal Gold-mine, whereby many thousands of their people of Trades and Occupations, be set on work, well maintained, and do prosper. These be the Hollanders own words in a Dutch Proclamation, and translated into English, and the copy of that Proclamation is her● annexed unto the end of my book.  
And shall we neglect so great blessings: O slothful England and careless Countrymen, Look but on these fellows 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 call the plump Hollanders, be hold their diligence in fishing, and our own careless negligence.  
In the midst of the month of May doth the Industrious Hollanders begin to make ready their Bu●es and Fisher fleets, and by the first of their june, are they yearly ready, and s●ne to sail out of the 〈◊〉, the 〈◊〉, and the Vly, a thousand 〈◊〉 together for to catch 〈◊〉 in the North seas.  
Six hundred of these Fisherships, and more, be great Bu●s some six score Tons, most of them 〈◊〉 a hundredth Tons and the rest three score and fifty Tons, the biggest of them having four and twenty men, some twenty men, and some eighteen and sixteen men a piece, so that their cannot be in this Fleet of people no less than twenty thousand Sailors.  
These having with them bread, butter, and Holland-cheese, for their provision, do daily lie get their other diet out of his majesties Seas, besides the lading of this Fleet three times a p●ce, commonly before S. Andrew with Herrings, which being sold by them, but at the rate of ten pound the Last, Fl●te unto much more than the sum of one million of pounds Sterling only by this Fleet of Busses yearly: no King upon the earth did yet ever see such a Fleet of his own Subjects at any time, and yet this Fleet is there, and then, yearly to be seen: A most worthy sight it were, if they were my own Countrymen, yet have I taken pleasure in being amongst them, to behold the neatness of their ships and Fishermen, how every man knoweth his owneplace, and all labouring merrily together, whereby the poorest sort of themselves, their wives, and children be well maintained, & no want seen amongst them.  
And thus Northwest and by North hence along they steer, then being the very heart of Summer, and the very yolk of all the year, sayiing until they do come unto the I'll of 
Shotland is the greatest Isle of all the Orcadeses, & lieth in the height of 60. degrees of Northerly latitude.  Shotland, which is his majesties Dominions, and with these gallant Fleet of Busses, there have been seen twenty, thirty, and forty ships of war to waft and guard them from being pillaged and taken by their enemies, and Dun● kars: but now the wars be ended, they do save that great charge, for they have not now above four or six to look unto them for being spoiled by Rovers and Pirates.  
Now if that it happen that they have so good a wind to be at Shotland before the 14. day of their june as most commonly they have, then do they put all into Shotland, nigh Swinbornehead, into a Sound called Braceys Sound, and there they frolic it on Land, until that they have sucked out all the marrow of the Malt, and good Scotsh-ale, which is the best liquor that the Island doth afford: but the 14. day of june being once come, than away all of them go, for that is the first day, by their own Law, before which time they must not lay a Net, for until then the Herrings be not in season, nor fit to be taken to be salted.  
From this place, being nigh two hundred leagues from Yermouth, do they now first begin to fish, & they do never leave the Skoales of Herrings, but come along amongst them, following the Herrings as they do come, five hundred miles in length, and lading their ships twice or thrice, before they come to Yermouth, with the principal and best Herrings, and sending them away by the Merchant ships that cometh unto them, that bringeth them victuals, barrels, and more salt, and Nets if that they do need any, the which Ships that buyeth their herrings, they do call Herring-yagers, and these Yagers carry them & ●ell them in the East Countries, some to Revel, and to Rye, and some so far as the narve, and Russey, Stockhollume in Sweathen, Quinsbrough, Dansk and Eluinge, and all Poland, Sprucia, and Pomerland, Letto, Burnt-hollume, Stateen, Lubicke and Youtland, and Denmark.  
Returning Hemp, Flax, Cordige, Cables, and Iron, Corn, Soap-ashes, Wax, Weinskot, Clapholt, Pitch, Tar, Masts, and Spruce-deales, & Hoops, and Barrel-boords, & plenty of silver and gold only for their procedue of Herrings.  
Now besides this great Fleet of the Busses the Hollanders have a huge number more of smaller Burden only for to take Herrings also, and these be of the Burden, from fifty Tons unto thirty Tons, and twenty tons; the greatest of them having twelve men a piece, and the smallest eight and nine men a piece, and these are Vessels of divers fashions, and not like unto the Busses, yet go they only for Herrings in the season, and they be called some of them, Sword-pinks, Flat-bottomes, Holland-toads, Crabskuits, and Yevers, and all these, or the most part do go to Shotland, but these have no Yagers come unto them but they go themselves home when they be laden, or else unto the best Market: There have been seen and numbered of Busses, and these, in braces sound, and going out to Sea, and at Sea in sight, at one time, two thousand Sails besides them that were at Sea without sight, which could not be numbered.  
It is Bartholomew-tide yearly before that they be come from Shotland, with the Herrings so high as Yermouth, and all those Herrings that they do catch in Yermouth Seas from Bartholomew-tide until S. Andrew the worst that be the roope-sicke Herrings that will not serve to make barrelled Herrings by their own Law, they must not bring home into Holland, wherefore they do sell them for ready money, or gold, unto the Yermouth-men, that be no Fishermen but Merchants and Ingrosers of great quantities of Herrings, if that by any means they can get them, so that the Hollanders be very welcome guests unto the Yermothian Herring-buyers, and the Hollanders do call them their Hosts, and they do yearly carry away from Yermouth many a thousand pound, as it is well known but; these Hollanders with their ladings of the best, which they make their best brand herrings to serve for Lenton store, they send some for Bordeaux, some for R●chell, Nantes, Morliax, and S. Mallaus, Cane in Normandy, Rouen, Paris, Ameance, and all Pickardy, and Calais, and they do return from these places, Wines, Salt, Feathers, Rossin, Woad, Normandy Canuise, and Dowlas cloth, and money, and French Crowns, but out of all the archdukes Countries they return nothing from thence but ready money, in my own knowledge, and their ready payment was all double jacobuses, English twenty shilling pieces. I have seen more there in one day: then ever I did in London at any time, for at Ostend, Newport, and Dunkirk, where and when the Holland pinks cometh in, there daily the Merchants, that be but women, but not such women as the fishwives of Billinsgare, for these netherlands women do lad away many wagons with fresh fish daily, some for Bridges, and some for Brussels, Iper, Dixmew, and Rissels, and at Sasse, by Gant. I have seen these women Merchants have had their Apornes full of nothing but English jacobuses, to make all their payment of, and such heaps and budget-fuls in the counting-houses of the fish-brokers, which made me much to wonder how they should come by them; and 
I have seen● a small Haddock sold there for two Shilling six pence: and a Turbut for a jacobus.  also I know that Capons are not so dearly sold by the Poulters in Gracious Street in London, as fresh fish is sold by the Hollanders, in all those Roman Catholic, and Papistical Countries.  
And whereas I have made but a true relation of their Fleets of Busses, and only the Herring-fishermen that be on his majesties Seas from june until November, I will here also set down the fishermen that all the year long, in the seasons, do fish for Cod and Linges continually, going and returning laden with barrelled fish.  
And these be Pinks and Wel-boats of the burden of forty Tons, and the smallest thirty Tons, and these have some twelve men a piece, one with another, and their is of this sort of fisher-boats, beginning at Vlushing, Camefere, Surwick-sea, the Maze, the tessel, & the Fly, and the other sandy islands, about five hundred or six hundred Sail, which all the year long are fishing for Cod, whereof they do make their barrelled fish, which they do transport in Summer into the East parts, but in Winter all France is served by them, and all the Archdukes Countries before spoken of, both of barrelled fish, and fresh fish, which they of purpose do keep alive in their boats in Wells; and to us here in England for love of our strong Bear, they bring us barrelled fish in Winter, and carry away our money and gold every day in great quantities.  
Besides all these Pinks and Well boats, the Hollanders have continually in the season, an other Fleet of Fisherman, at the north-east head of Shotland which be of an other quality, and there is more than two hundred of these, and these be called Fly-boats, and these do ride at anchor all the season at Shotland, in the fishing grounds, and they have small boats within them which be like unto Cobles, the which they do put out to lay & hale their lines & hooks, whereby they do take great store of ling, the which they do not barrel, but splet them and salt them in the Ships Bulk, and these they fell commonly for four and five pounds the hundredth, and these go by the name of Holland-lings, but they are taken out of his Majesties' Seas, and were Shotland ling before they took them there, and for these ling they do carry away abundance of England's best money daily.  
Now having declared according unto truth, the numbers of their Fishermen of Holland, for 〈◊〉 upon his majesties Seas, and also of their Pinks, and Wel-boates, and their courses for taking, and venting and selling of their barrelled fish, and fresh-fish and also of their Flie-boates at the north-east head of Shotland, for Shotland-lings: I think it now best, truly to show the true number of our English Fishermen, and how they do employ themselves all the year long, first beginning at Colchester nigh the mouth of the Themes and so proceed Northward.  
I can scarce afford these men of that water the name of Fishermen, for that their chiefest trade is dreggin of Oysters; yet have they in the Summer some eight or ten boats in the North-seas for Cod, which if that they happen to spend all their salt, and to speed well, they may get some twenty pound in a Summer clear: but here by the way, I will make known a great abuse that is offered to the Commonwealth, and especially to all the herring fishermen of England, only by those men of Colchester water.  
For these men from S. Andrew until Candlemas, & some times longer, do set forth stale-boates, amongst the sands, in the themes mouth, for to take sprats, with great stale-nets, with a great poke, and they standing in the Swinn● or the King's channel on the back of the Gunfleate, they do there take in steed of sprats, infinite thousands of young Herrings, smaller than Sprats, and not good to be eaten, for one Sprat is better worth than twenty of those Bleakes, or young Herrings, but because they do fill the Bushel at Billingsgate where they do sell them for Sprats, the which, if that they were let live, would all be at Midsummer a Fat Summer full He●ring, and a peck is sometime there sold for 2. pence which number of herrings at Midsummer, would make a barrel of Summerherrings, worth 20. or 30. shillings.  
If that they could take the Sprats it were good, for they be good victuals for the City, but for every Cartload or Bushel of Sprats, they take a hundred Cart-loads, or Bushels of these young herrings, which be the very spawns of the Skoales of the herrings that cometh from Shotland every Summer, and when as they come into Yermouth Seas yearly about S. Luke, and sometimes before, if that it do blow a hard Easterly wind, do always at that season become Roope-sicke and do spawn and become Shotten betwixt Wintertonnesse, and O●fordnesse, and those frey of that spawn, those young little creatures, by the wisdom of the great Creator, seeketh into the shore, and shallow places, there to be nourished, and also into the themes mouth into the sweetest waters; for that the water nigh the shore, and in the themes mouth is not so brine salt, as it is farther of into the deep water, where these Bleakes yearly seeking to be nourished, they be always at that season taken and destroyed: but if that these men will needs use their stale-boates and nets, let them go where the good Sprats be, they must then stand at Orfordnesse, and in Donwich-bay, where there be cellent sprats, and for the good of all the Herring-fishermen of England, I wish that they might be prohibited to sell that which is not wholesome to be eaten, which is as much as to sell hemlocks for perseneps.  
The next to Colchester, is Harwich water, a royal harbour, and a proper Town, fit for the use of Busses, no place in all Holland comparable, for their is both land and strand and dry beach enough for four hundredth Sail, but the chiefest Trade of the Inhabitants of this place, is with Caravels for Newcastle coals, but they have three or four Ships yearly that they do send to Isleland for Cod and ling, from March until September, and some years they get, and some times loose, but if that they had but once the trade of Busses, this would soon be a fine place. but those Caravels and Ships which they now have be all their chiefest wealth.  
Six miles up Harwich water stands Ipswich, which is a gallant Town, and rich; this Town is such a place for the Busses, as in all England and Holland I know no place so convenient: first it is the best place in all England for the building of Busses, both for the plenty of Timber and Plank, and excellent workmen for making of Ships, there is more there, then there is in six of the best Towns in all England: Secondly, it is a principal place for good housewives, for spinning of yarn, for the making of pouldavice, for there is the best that is made: which Town with the use of making of Twine, will soon be the best place of all England for to provide Nets for the Busses.  
It is also a most convenient place for the wintering of the Busses, for that all the shores of that River is altgether oose and soft ground, fit for them to lie on in winter.  
Also the lpswich men be the chiefest Merchant 
This Town is a most fit and convenient place to make a staple town for corn, for all England, for the return and sail of the 〈◊〉 herring from 〈◊〉, and Poland.  Adventurers of all England for all the East-lands, for the Suffolk clothes: and they have their Factors lying all the year long in all those places where the Hollanders do vent their Herrings, and where the best price and sail is continually. And although that yet there be no fishermen, yet have they store of Seafaring men, and for Masters for the Busses they may have enough from Yermouth and Sowld and the Sea coast Towns down their River, from Nacton, and Chimton, Holbroke, Shotly, and Cowlnes, they may get men that will soon be good fishermen with but a little use, for understand thus much, that there is a kind of emulation in Holland between the Fishermen that goeth to Sea in Pinks and Line-boats, Winter and Summer, and those Fishermen that goeth in the Busses, for they in the Pinks make a scorn of them in the Busses, & do call them Koe-milkens, or Cow-milkers, for in deed the most part of them be men of occupations in winter, or else Countrymen, and do milk the Cows themselves, and make all the Holland Cheese, when they be at home.  
This place is also most convenient for the erecting of Saltpans, for the making of Salt upon salt, for that the Harbour is so good that at all times Ships may come unto them with Salt from Mayo, or Spanish salt to make the brine or pickle, and also the Caravels from Newcastle with coals, for the boiling of it at the cheapest rates at any time, may come thither. To the north-east of this place, three or four leagues is Orford-haven, and the Towns of Orford and Alborough especially, be many good Fishermen, and there is belonging to those Towns some forty or fifty North sea boats, that yearly goeth to Sea, having seven men a piece, and ten or twelve Island Barks, which sometimes get something, and sometime little or nothing; if that these men's wealth were in Busses and Nets, and had but once the trade, they would put down the Hollander, for they be great plyers of any voyage that they do undertake.  
About three leagues to the Northward is Sowld-haven, and in the Towns of Sowld, donwich, 
Donwich in ancient times, ha●h been the seat of the Kings of the East Angles, but now all ruined.  and Walderswicke be a very good breed of Fishermen, and there is belonging unto those three Towns, of North-sea Boats some 20. Sail, and of Island Barks some fifty Sail, which yearly they send for God and ling to Island: This Town of Sowld, of a Sea coast 
My father lived in 〈◊〉 Town 〈◊〉 he was 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of age, and gave these Composition ling seventy years, 〈◊〉 foHre 〈◊〉, viz K. 〈◊〉, Q. Marry, Q. elizabeth, and until the 〈◊〉 year of the reign of our most 〈◊〉 Sovereign, which 〈◊〉 to much more than one thousand pound, f●r one man of that Town.  Town, is the most beneficial unto his Majesty of all the Towns in England, by reason all their trade is unto Island for ling, and his majesties Sergeant Cater hath yearly gratis, out of every Ship and Bark, one hundredth of the choicest and fairest ling, which be worth more than ten pound the hundred, and they call them Composition fish: But these men of this place, are greatly hindered, and in a manner undone, by reason of their Haven is so bad, and in a manner often stopped up with Beach and Chingle-stone, that the wind and the ●ide and the Sea do beat thither, so that many time, in the season, when they be ready to go to Sea, they can not get out when time is to go to Sea, neither can they get in when they return from Sea, but oftentimes do 〈◊〉 away their goods and themselves: This Haven if that it had but a South peire built of Timber, would be a far better H●uen than Yermouth Ha●n, with one quarter of the cost that hath been bestowed on Yermouth Haven, they be now suitors unto his Majesty, God grant they may speed, for it is pitiful the trouble and damage, that all the men of these three Towns do daily sustain by their naughty Harbour.  
To the Northward of Sowld-haven, three leagues is Kirkley and Layestof decayed Towns, they have six or seven North-sea Boats, but them of Layestof make benefit yearly of buying of Herrings of the Hollanders, for likewise these Hollanders be Hosted with the Layestof men, as they be with the Yermothians.  
To the Northward 2. leagues is the Town of great Yermouth, very beautifully builded, 
In all his majesties Kingdoms not any Town comparable unto it for brave buildings.  upon a very pleasant and sandy plain of three mile in length, this Town is a place of great resort of all the Herring fishermen of England, for thither do resortall the Fishermen of the Cinque Ports, and all the rest of the West Countrymen of England, as far as Burport and L●ne in Dorcetshire, and those Herrings that they do take they do not barrel, because their Boats be but small things, but they sell all unto the Yermouth herring-buyers for ready money, and also the Fishermen of the North-countries beyond Scarborough and Robin-hoods bay and some as far as the Bishopric of Durham do thither resort yearly, in poor little Boats called five men Cobbles, & all the Herrings that they do take they do sell fresh unto the Yermouth-men to make red Herrings. Also to Yermouth doth daily come in to the Haven, up to the Key, all or the most part of the great Fleet of Hollanders, which before I made relation of, that go in the Swoard-pinks, Holland-toads, Crabskuits, Walnut-shels, and great and small Yevers, 100 and 200. Sail at one time together, and all their Herring that they do bring in, they do sell them all for ready money to the Yermouth men: And also the French men of Pickardy 
* And Norman●y.  some hundred Sail of them at a time do come thither, and all, the herrings they catch they sell fresh unto these herring-mongers of Yermouth for ready gold; so that it amonnteth unto a great sum of money, that the Hollanders & Frenchmen do carry away, from Yermouth, yearly, into Holland and France, which money doth never come again into England: This Town is very well governed by wise and civil Magistrates, and good orders carefully observed for the maintenance of their Haven and Corporation, and this Town, by reason of the situation, and the frech Rivers that belongeth to it: one up to the City of Norwich, and another that runneth far up into Suffolk, a butter and cheese country, about B●nga and Betkels; and a third that runneth far up into clegg, a Corn Country, by reason whereof this Town of Yermouth is always well served with all kind of provision at all times plentifully, at good and cheap rates, whereby they of the Town do relieve the strangers, and also do benefit themselves: To this Town belongeth some twenty Island Barks, which yearly they do send for Cod and ling, and some hundredth and fifty Sail of North-sea boats, they make a shift to live, but if that they had the use of Busses, and also barrelled fish, they would excel all England and Holland, for they be the only fishermen for North-seas, and also the best for the handling of their fish that be in all this land.  
The Herring buyer of Yermouth doth profit more than doth the Fishermen of Yermouth, by reason of the resort of the Hollanders, for that they are suffered to sell all their roope-sicke Herrings at Yermouth, to the Merchants there, and also the barrelled fish that the Flemings do bring in Winter to London, 
〈◊〉, 〈◊〉▪ and 〈◊〉.  do also gale them, but for that our Fishermen may, if they please, make barrelled fish themselves, and therefore I will not moon them.  
The Merchant herring-buyer of Yermouth that hath a stock of his own, so long as he 
Yermouth Haven is the only refuge, in 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 whether, for all the Fishermen of the Cinque ports, and all other that 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, and it is 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 timper, against the violence of the 〈◊〉 sea▪ It is now in great danger to come to ruin, if they have not help in time.  can make his gains so certain with buying of Roope-sicke herrings of the Hollanders, will never lay out his money to build or set forth Busses, and the Fishermen be now so poor, by reason that they only do bear the whole charge of that costly Haven; the Merchant herring-buyers being not at any charge thereof, but all that great cost cometh out of the fishermen's labours, for the maintenance of that wooden Haven, which amounteth to some five hundred pound a year, and some years more: so that though they be willing, yet there ability will not suffer them to do it, ●either can they forbear their money for to adventure their eggs into the East Countries where the best sails always be.  
To the North▪ wards of Yermonth eight leagues, are the Towns of Blakney and Wells, good Harbours and 〈◊〉 for Busses, and they have good store of fishermen, and these towns have some twenty Sail of Barks, that they do ye●ely send unto Island; but these Towns be greatly decayed, to that they have been in the times passed, the which places, if that they had but 20. Busses belonging to them, would soon grow rich Towns in short time.  
Then is there Lin a proper gallant Town▪ for Seafaring men, and for men for Island; this is a rich Town, and they have some twenty Sail of Island ships, that they yearly send for Cod and ling, and I am in hope to see them fall to the use of Busses as soon as any men.  
To the Northward is Boston, a proper Town, and like unto Holland soil for low grounds and sands coming in, but yet there is but few Fishermen, but it is a most fit place for Busses, if that they had but once the taste of them they would soon find good liking.  
Next to 〈◊〉 some 20. leagues to the Northward, is the great river of Humber, wherein there is Hull, a very proper Town of sailors and Shipping, but there be but few fishermen but it is a most convenient place for to adventure Busses.  
There is also Grimsbey, Paul, and Pat●ington: in all these places now there is great store of poor and idle people, that know not how to live, and the most of all these places be decayed, and the best of them all grow worse and worse, which with the use of Busses would soon grow rich Merchant-townes as is in Holland, for 〈◊〉 these places would be transported out of the East-lands all manner of commodities, for the use of Busses, and houses, and worke-yards erected for Cooper's, and Rope-makers, & great numbers of Ne●akers, and with the recourse of the Ships that shall bring salt and other commodities, & ships that shall lad away their Herrings and Fish, these places will soon become populous, and money stirring plentiful in these places returned for the procedue of fish and Herrings which places now be exceeding poor and beggarly.  
In all these fisher Towns that I have before named, as Colchester, Harwith, Orford, Alborough, Donwich, wa●derswicke, Sowld, Yermouth, Blackney, Wells, Lin, Boston, and Hul: These be all the chiefest Towns, and all that useth the North-seas in Summer and all these Towns it is well known be ●inated.  
In all these Towns I know to be o— o Island Barks, and o— o North-sea Boats, and all these Fishermen having o— o men a piece, amounteth to the sum of o— o. But admit that there is in all the West Country of England of Fisher-boats, tag and rag, that bringeth home all fresh fish, which seldom or never useth any salt: say that they have o— o men a piece, which make the sum of o— o in all England; but in all these I have not reckoned 
I 〈◊〉 pardon, for that I omit the particular numbers and 〈◊〉 sum, which I could here 〈◊〉 down, if I were commanded.  the Fishermen, Mackrel-catchers, nor the Cobble-men of the North-country, which having o— o men a piece, cometh to so ●ny men in all England.  
But so many in all England, and I have truly showed before, that the Hollander hath in one Fleet of Busses twenty thousand Fishermen, besides all them that goeth in the Sword pinks, Flat▪ bottoms, Carbl kuits, Walnut-shels, and great Yevers, wherein there is not less than 12000. more, and all these are only for to catch Herrings in the North seas.  
Besides all them that goeth in the Flye-boates, for Shotland ling, and the Pinks for barrelled fish, and Trammell Boats, which cometh unto 5000. more.  
So that it is most true, that as they have the sum of o— o Fishermen more than their is in all this Land: and by reason of there Busses, and Pinks, and Fishermen that set their Merchant Ships on work, as that they have 〈◊〉 Fishermen more than we have, so have they o— o and o— o ships & Mariners more than we.  
Now in our sum of o— o Fishermen, let us see what vent have we for our fish into other Countries, and what commodities and coin is brought into this Kingdom, and what Ships are set on work by them, whereby Mariners are bred, or employed, not one: Its pitiful.  
For when our Fishermen cometh home, the first voyage ●rom the North-seas, they go either to London, Ipswich, Yermouth, Lin, Hull, or Scarbrough, and there they do sell at good ●ates, the first voyage, but the second voyage, because that they which be now the Fishermen have not yet the right use of making of barrelled fish wherewith they might serve France, as doth the Hollanders, they be now constrained to sell in England, for that it is staple fish, and not being barrelled the French will not buy it.  
But if that our Fishermen had but once the use of Pinks and Line-boats, and barrelled fish, than they might serve France as well as the Hollanders, which by this new trade of Busses being once erected, and Pinks, and Line-boats, after the Holland manner, there will be Fishermen ●now to manage the Pinks for barrelled fish, from November unto the beginning of May, only the most part of those men that shallbe maintained by the Busses, for that when the Busses do leave work, in the Winter their men shall have employment, by the Pinks, for barrelled fish, which men, now, do little or nothing, for this last Winter at Yermouth, there was three hundredth Idle men that could get nothing to do, living very poor for lack of employment, which most gladly would have gone to sea in Pinks, if there had been any for them to go in.  
And whereas I before said, that there was not one Ship set on work by our Fishermen, there may be objected against me this.  
That there doth every year commonly lad at Yermouth 4. or 5. London Ships for the straits, which is sometimes true, & the Yermouth 
No more English, but two small Ships, this year lad●d there.  men themselves do yearly send 2. or 3. Ships to Bourdeaux, and 2. or 3. Boats laden with herrings to Rouen, or to Nance, or S. Mallaus, whereby there is returned, Salt, Wines, Normandy Canuice, whereby the King hath some custom, but there is no money returned into England for these Herrings, which cost the Yermothians ready gold before that they had them of the Hollanders, and Frenchmen, to lad these Ships, and therefore I may boldly say not one.  
And this last year, now, the Hollanders themselves have also gotten that trade, for there did lad twelve Sails of Holland Ships with 
Note here how the Hollanders employ themselves and th●r Ships, fi●st in taking of the 〈◊〉 quick, and yet are not content but catch them again 〈◊〉 they be dead, and do 〈◊〉 both their ships and Mariners on work, and English ships 〈◊〉 up a rotting.  red herrings at Yermo●, for 〈◊〉, Leghorn, Genoa, and Marseilles, and 〈◊〉, most of them being laden by the English Merchants, so that if this be suffered, the English owners of Ships shall have but small employment for theirs.  
Now to show truly, what the whole charge of a Buss will be, with all her furniture, as Masts, Sails, Anchors, 〈◊〉, and with all her Fisher's implements, and 〈◊〉, at the first provided all new, is a great charge, she being between 30. or 40. Last, will 〈◊〉 some five hundred pound.  
By the Grace of God the Ship or Buss will continue twenty year with small cost and reparations, but the yearly slight and wear of her tackell, and war-ropes, and Ne●s will cost some eighty pounds.  
And the whole charge for the keeping of her at Sea for the whole Summer, or three voyages, for the filling of a hundred Last of Cask, or Barrels.  
100 Last of Barrels— 72. A huudreth Last of 
If any will know. all the particulars of ways of Salt, or barrels of Beer, or ●dreths of Biscuits, I will willingly resolve them, but here is all the whole charge, and with the most.  Barrels, filled and sold at 10. pounds the Last cometh to one thousand pound. For salt 4. months— 88  Beer 4. months— 42.  For bread 4. months— 21.  Baken and Butter— 18.  For pease 4. months— 03.  For billet 4. months— 03. Herrings 1000 li. For men's wages 4. M. 88 The whole charge 335. ——— ——— 335. gotten. 0665.  
here plainly appeareth that there is gotten 
And I have rated the herrings but at 10. pound the Last, which is with the least, for they be commonlysoid by the Hollanders at Dansk, for 15. and 20. pounds the Last.  665. pounds' 〈◊〉 one Summer, whereout if that you do deduct one hundredth pounds for the wear of the Ship, and the reparations of her Nets against the next Summer, yet still there is 565. pounds remaining for clear gains, by one Buss, in one year.  
The Hollanders do make the profit of their Busses so certain, that they do lay out their own children's money, given them by their deceased friends in adventuring in the Busses, and also there is in Holland a Treasury for Orphans, opened and laid out in adventuring in the Busses.  
The Hollanders do make both a profitable, and a pleasant Trade of this Summer fishing, for there was one of them, that having a gallant great new Buss of his own, and he having a daughter married unto one which was his Mate in the Bu●e, and the owner that was Master of this Buss did take his wife with him aboard, and his Mate his wife, and so they did set sail for the North▪ seas, with the two women with them, the mother and the daughter, where having a fair wind, and being fishing in the North-seas, they had soon filled their Buss with herrings, and a Herring Yager cometh unto them, and brings them gold and fresh supplies, and copeth with them, and taketh in their herrings for ready money 
Ready 〈◊〉 or Tallies, which are as bills of exchange to be paid at first sight.  and delivereth them more barrels and salt, and away goeth the Yager for the first Market into Sprucia, and still is the Buss fishing at sea, & soon after again, was full laden, and boon home, but then another Yager cometh unto him as did the former, & delivering them more provision of barrels and Salt, and ready money and bid them farewell, and still lieth at Sea with the mother and daughter so long and not very long, before they had again all their Barrels full, and then they sailed home into▪ Holland, with the two women, and the buss laden with Herrings, and a thousand pounds of ready money.  
If that any man ●hould make any question of the truth of this, it will be v●ry credibly approved by diverse of good credit that be now in the City of London.  
Now to show the charge of a pink of eighteen or tween Last, the Pink being builded new, and all things new unto her, will not cost two hundred and sixty pounds, with all her Lines, Hooks, and all her Fisher appurrenances.  
And 15. Last of Barrels will cost—— 10. Five ways of salt upon salt—— 15. For Beer and Cask——— 07. For bread————— 03. For butter————— 01. For the Petty tally———— 01. For men's wages for 2 more. M. & all toge:▪ 20.  ———  57  
Fifteen last of barrelled fish at 14. pound, and 8. shillings the Last, which is but 24. shillings the barrel amounteth unto two hundredth and sixteen pounds, whereout if that you do deduct fifty and seven pounds, for the charge of setting her to sea, their is still resting one hundredth fifty and eight pounds clear gains, by one Pink, with fifteen Last of fish for two months.  
Wherefore, seeing the profit so plainly, and by the grace of God so certain, both by the Busses and Line-boates, whereby the Hollanders have so long gained by, Let all Noble Worshipsull, and wealthy Subjects, put too their adventuring and helping hands, for the speedy launching, and floating forward of this great good Commonwealth business, for the strengthening of his majesties Dominions, with two principal pillars, which is, with plenty of coin brought in for fish, and herrings from other Nations, and also for the increasing of Mariners against all foreign Invasions, and also for the bettering of Trades and Occupations, and setting of thousands of poor and idle people on work, which now know not how to live, which by this Trade of the Busses shall be employed, as daily we see is done before our eyes by the Hollanders. And as always it hath been seen, that those that be now the Fishermen of England, have been always found to be sufficient to serve his majesties ships in former time, when their have been employment, which fellows, by this new trade of building, and setting forth Busses will be greatly multiplied and increased in this Land; which fellows, as we see the Hollanders, being well-fed in Fisher affairs, and strong and lustier than the Sailors that use the long Southern voyages, that sometimes are greatly surfeited, and hunger-pined▪ But these courageous, young, lusty, fed-strong younkers, that shall be bred in the Busses, when his Majesty shall have have occasion for their service in war, against the enemy, will be fellows for the nonce, and will show themselves right English, and will put more strength to an Iron Crow, at a piece of great Ordinance in traversing of a Cannon, or culverin, with the direction of the experimented Master Gunner, than two or three of the forenamed surfeited Sailors, and in distress of wind grown sea, and fowl Winter's weather, for flying forward to their labour, for pulling in a topsail, or a sprit sail, or shaking of a bonnet in a dark night, for wet and cold can not make them shrink nor stain, that the North-seas, and the Busses, and Pinks have dy●d in grain, for such purposes.  
And whosoever shall go to Sea, for Captain to command in Marshal affairs, or take charge for Master in trade of Merchandise, (as in times past I have done both) will make choice of these fellows, for I have seen their resolution, in the face of their enemy, when 
It is not unknown, that this last year there was a general press along the Coast of England, from Hull in Yorkshire unto S. Michael's Mount in Corne-wall, only for Sailors, to furnish but 7. Ships, for the wafting over of the Count Palatine, and his most Noble Princes, but 28. leagues.  they have b●●● l●g●●menta, and frolic, and as forward as about their ordinary labours, or business.  
And when his Majesty shall have occasion and employment for the furnishing of his Navy there will be no want of Masters, Pilots, Commanders, and sufficient directors of a course, and keeping of Computation, but now there is a pitiful want of sufficient good men. to do the offices and labours before spoken of, all which, these men of the Busses and Pinks, will worthily supply.  
And to the Art of Sailing they may happily 〈◊〉, for 〈◊〉 it hath been com● seen, that those men, that have been brought up, in their youth, in Fishery, have des●ued as well as any in the land for artificial Sailing; for at this time is practised all the projections of Circular and Mathematical scales and Arithmetical sailing, by divers of the young men of the Sea-coast Towns, even as commonly amongst them as amongst the Themse●.  
Besides all the Hollanders before spoken of, the Frenchmen of Pickardy have also a hundred Sail of Fishermen, only for Herrings, 
Some of these be 3. and 4. score Tons the burden.  on his majesties Seas every year, in the Summer season, and they be almost like unto the Busses, but they have not any Yagers that cometh unto them, but they do lad themselves, and return home twice every year, and find great profit by their making but of two voyages every Summer season.  
And it is much to be lamented, that we having such a plentiful Country, and such 〈◊〉 of able and idle people, that not one of his majesties Subjects, are there to be se●ne all the whole Summer, to fish, or to 
The Hollanders do yearly take so many, as they do make more th●n two millions of pound Sterling.  take one Herring: But only the North-sea boats of the Sea-coast Towns, that goeth to take Cod, they do take so many as they do need to bait their hooks and no more. 
And we his majesties Subjects do take no more than do. bait our hooks.   
We are daily scorned by these Hollands, for being so negligent of our profit, and careless of our fishing, and they do daily flout us that be the poor Fishermen of England, to our faces at Sea, calling to us and saying, Ya English, ya zall, or cud scove dragien, which in English is this: Yond English, we will make you glad for to wear our old shoes.  
And likewise the Frenchmen they say we are apish, for that we do still imitate them in all needless and fantastical jags and fashions, as it is most true indeed, for that they have no fashion amongst them in apparel, nor Lace, Points, Gloves, Hilts, nor Garters, even from the spangled Shoe-lachet, unto the spangled Hat, and Hatband, be it never so idle, and costly, but after that we do once get it, it is far bettered by our Nation.  
Wherefore, seeing that we can excel all other Nations, wastefully, to spend money, let Us, in one thing, learn of other Nations, to get thousands out of his majesties Sea, and to make a general profit 〈◊〉 the benefits that All mighty God do●h yearly send unto us, in far more greater abundance than the fruit of our trees, which although they be more chargeable in the gathering together, yet is the profit far more greater, unto this Kingdom, and Common wealth of all his majesties Subjects, increasing the wealth of the adventurers; as also for the enriching of Merchants, and maintaining of Trades Occupations, and employing of Ships, and increasing of Mariners, which now do but little or nothing: as also for the setting of poor and idle people on work, which now know not how to live, and to teach many a tall fellow to know the proper names of the ropes, in a ship, and to hale the 〈◊〉 
The 〈◊〉 〈◊〉: The Sea 〈◊〉 the Gallows refuse none.  that now for lack of employment many such, by the inconvenience of idle living, are compelled to end their days, with a rope by an untimely death, which by the employment of the Busses might be well a●oyded, and they in time become right honest serviceable and trusty Subjects.  
Here since my book came to the 〈◊〉, I have been credibly certified, by 
* 〈◊〉. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, M. 〈◊〉 To●, ●nd 〈◊〉 others of the Company of Fishmongers.  men of good worth (being 〈◊〉) that since Christmas last, unto this day, there hath been paid to the Hollanders, here in London, only for barrelled fish, and Holland ling, the sum of twelve thousand pound.  
And 〈◊〉 of all, if that there be any of the Worshipful Adventurers, that would have any di● for the building of these Busses, or Fisherships, because I know that the Ship● of England, be not yet skilful in this matter, wherefore if that any shall be pleased 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to me, I will be willing to give them directions, and plain projections, and G●icall demonstrations for the right building of them, both for length, breadth, and depth, and also for their mould under water, and also for the 〈◊〉 of their rooms, and the laying of their g●, 
* And for providing of their Cordige, and Nets, after the most ●est & cheapest rates.  according to the Hollanders fashion, any man shall hear of me at M. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, a Stationer's Shop at Saint 〈◊〉 g● in P● Charch-yard: Farewell this 〈◊〉. of February.  
FINIS.   

The State's Proclamation, Translated out of Dutch.  
The ●ates 〈◊〉 of the United Pro● of the low 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 all those that shall see 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 these presents 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉 let to 〈◊〉 that 〈◊〉 it is ●ell 〈◊〉, that the great ●ing, and 〈◊〉 of heggs is the chiefest Trade, and 〈◊〉- mine of these United 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 many thousands of 〈◊〉▪ 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉, Trades and 〈◊〉, are 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 work, well maintained, and 〈◊〉; equally the Sailing and 〈◊〉, as 〈◊〉 ●thin, as without these 〈◊〉, is 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 great esteemation: Moreover 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of ●ey, with the increase of the 〈◊〉 ●yes, customs, and 〈◊〉 of these Countries are augmented thereby 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, and for as much as there is 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 good Orders conserving the 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉, and beneficial uttering of the said 〈◊〉, to the end to preserve and maintain the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Trade, in the United Provinces; which Trade, by 〈◊〉 encounters, of some that seek their own ga●, is envied, in respect of the great good it bringeth to the United 〈◊〉: and ●e are informed that a new devise is put in practice to the pr● of the Trade, to transport out of the United Countries, into other Countries, staves for herring-barrels 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, and ha●●ing barrels, put into other Ba●els, and Nets: to cross the good Orders and Policy here intended to them of these 〈◊〉, for the catching, salting, and selling the ●ings, dressed in other countries, after the order of these Countries, whereby this chief Trade should be decayed here, and the ●habitants of these Countries damnified, if that we make not proton, in time against such practices, therefore ●ee, after Nature judgement, and Deliberation have Forbidden and Interdicted, and by these Presents do forbid and interdict, all, and 〈◊〉 one, as well Home-born and Inhabitants, as strangers frequenting these parts, to take up any herring-barrels, or half ones prepared, or any kind of Nets▪ in any Ship, Town or Haven, of the united Provinces, to be sent into other Countries, or Places, upon pain of confiscation of the same, and the Ship also wherein they shall be found, besides a penalty of 〈◊〉. of Netherlandish 〈◊〉 Royals, for the 〈◊〉 time, and for the second time above 〈◊〉 of 〈◊〉 & 〈◊〉, & 400. of the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of 〈◊〉, and for the third time, 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of 〈◊〉 and goods, and 600. of the said 〈◊〉 of 〈◊〉, & corporal 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, and penalties, shall be 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 third 〈◊〉 to the 〈◊〉 of the 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉 third part to the poor, and one third part of the 〈◊〉, where the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 shall be demanded: and not only they shall 〈◊〉 this penalty, which after shall be taken with the deed, but they also, that within one year after the deed shall be con●ted, and that 〈◊〉 may pretend ignorance, and that this order may be in all places duly observed, and the offenders punished according to Justice, We will and require, our dear and well-beloved Estates, Governors, Deputies of the council, and the Estates of the 〈◊〉 Provinces of Gilderland, and the county of Satfill 〈◊〉 Ho●, 〈◊〉 Freesland, Zealand, Vtricts, F●d, 〈◊〉, the Town of Groining, and the 〈◊〉 places, and to all Justices and Officers, that they cause to be published in all places, and 〈◊〉, where the usual Proclamation and Publication is made; 〈◊〉 do charge also the chancellor's, and Provincial co●cell, and the counsel of the Admiralty, the Avow, and the 〈◊〉 general, and all other Officers. Judges, and Justices of these united Provinces, and to all general colonies Admirals and Uice-admirals, captains, Officers, and commanders, to perform, and cause to be performed, this Order and commandment; and to proceed, and cause to be proceeded against the Offenders, without grace favour, dissimulation, or composition: because we have found it necessary, for the good, and benefit, of the said United Provinces, dated in Hage this 19 of July.  
FINIS.