THE INVASIONS OF GERMANY. With all the Civil, and bloody Wars therein, since the first beginning of them in Anno. 1618. and continued to this present year 1638. Wherein are described the several Battles, Encounters, Conflicts, and Assaults, of Cities, Towns, and Castles, at several times, and in several places, with a new and exact Map of Germany, wherein the Cities, and Towns are figured with the same figures which are expressed over the heads of the patticulars in the book, so that the Reader may behold at one view the places, time, year, and event of every Battle, Skirmish, and Assault. Together with the Progress of every Army, marked with several marks or lines, with the Pictures of the chief Commanders on both sides. Faithfully collected out of good, and credible Originals.  
By a Gentleman well deserving that hath suffered much in those wars.  
LONDON, Printed by I. Norton, for I. Rothwell, and are to be sold at the Sun in Paul's Churchyard. 1638.   

To the Reader.  
THe Civil Wars of this (sometime) flourishing Country might be rather desired to be buried in silence, then be recalled and perpetuated to memory, ●ut that the Lord will have his great corks to be had in remembrance, that ●●hers might see, and fear him that doth ●hat ever he pleaseth in Heaven, and 〈◊〉 Earth. How great the misery of Ger●any hath been, no tongue can express, 〈◊〉 heart can believe, except those that have e'en, and felt the bitterness of it, they have ●runken the wine of Astonishment, ●hough they would not believe their misery 〈◊〉 have been so near, nor so dreadful, who ●or these last twenty years have been miserably destroyed, that I may say of it, as the prophet Esay saith of jerusalem: Your Country is desolate, your Cities burnt with fire, your land strangers devour in your presence. She is now left so poor, that she can call nothing her own, she that relieved others is now in need of others relief. She that of late was as a Princess among the Nations, with her sumptuous Palaces, is now with the Daughter of Zion, as a Cottage in a Vine-yard, or as a desert Wilderness.  
We all this while continue as the Vineyard of the Lord, fenced about by his providence, and sheltered under his protection, we only hear what others feel. God strikes some that others might take warning. Go to my place which was in Shiloh, where I set my Name at first, and see what I did to it, saith the Lord. Esay. 7. 12. We are admired (by all the world) for our peace, it will be our wisdom to labour to be as famous for Piety, peace should be the Nurse of Piety, if we improve this our prosperity to God's Glory, it may be a lengthening of our tranquillity.  
If you shall meet with any harsh phrase, 〈◊〉 unusual expression in the ensuing Treatise, you will be easily inclined to a charitable construction, when you shall consider that he is a German borne. A Gentleman sometimes of good worth in his own Country, able to deliver himself elegantly in his own Language, in Latin, or in those other Languages in which he hath been longer exercised, than in our English tongue. You shall find it worthy your reading, wherein you shall suddenly behold the state of the wars, the several Battles, Encounters, Conflicts, and Assaults of Cities, Towns, and Castles, with a new, and exact Map, with figures both on Map, and Book, referring you to each other, wherein you may perceive the time, the year, and day, with the success, and event of every Battle, Skirmish, and Assault, extracted out of the best Germane Histories. Read, and consider. Vale.   


Henry duval Count of Dampier Lieutenant, General to Bucquoy.  
Who Came into Bohemia with an Army of 6000 men 24 juny 1618. fought against Count of Thurn Mansfeld. Duke Anholt Generals of the Bohemians Forces: was ●hot and afterwards his head cut of by the Hungarians of Bethlehem Gabor's. Garrison in the assault of Prespur●. 8 Oct: 1620  THE INVASIONS OF GERMANY.  
With all the civil, and bloody Wars, since the first be-beginning of Anno 1618. to this present year 1638.  

(1)  
COunt of Dampier Liutenant General for the Emperor Mathias, with an Army of six thousand men, maketh the first invasion into the Kingdom of Bohemia, besieged and assaulted the Town of Pilgram, wherein three companies of the Bohemians were put to the sword, and the rest taken prisoners. This Pilgram was the first Town, which by the Imperial Forces was assaulted, the fifth of September. Anno 1618.   

(2)  
The Imperial General, Count Bucquoy with his Army coming into Bohemia, fought the first battle with the Bohemian forces, consisting of 14000. horse and foot, under the leading of Count Mathias, of Thurn, before Budweis, the 12. of October. Anno. 1618. The Bohemian forces stood not long considering upon the matter, but fell with such fury upon the Imperialists, that they utterly dispersed them; killing an exceeding great number, and some 300. prisoners were taken.   

(3)  
The 11. of November, Anno. 1618. Count Ernst of Mansfeld coming into Bohemia, he first presents himself with his, and the Bohemians Army, before the City of Pilsen. Summons being given the second time, and denied; Mansfeld brings forward his approaches. Some sallies, and rencounters there passed: for all which Mansfeld got up a very large battery & mounted some pieces of good Ordnance upon it. A vast breach and a saultable he made, and commands it to be stormed. The Imperial Garrison, with the Citizens therein maintained it very stoutly, and beat off the Aslaylants many times from their walls. But Mansfeld so overlayes the defendants with numbers, that he by main force enters the City.   

(4)  
September the 4. Anno 1619. The Imperial General Bucquoy falls upon the Town Biscka, in Bohemia, wherein all that were found in Arms, are put to the sword. Immediately after this Bucquoy lighting upon a great party of the Bohemian Forces, not far from th●s Town, takes away three Cornets of them, and more than 1500 utterly defeated.   

(5)  
Bethlehem Gabor, Duke of Transilvania, sending an Army of 12000. horse and foot, under the command of Redei Ferentz, to aid the Bohemians, who joined with them, and making an Army both together of 26000. brave men. All these being drawn up into battalia, before the Imperialists Camp, at the Donaw-bridge by the Imperial residence, and City of Wien. The Bohemians being desirous to tempt General Bucquoy out of his Camp into fair Campagnia. The 25. of October. Anno. 1619. fell there out a sore battle on the further side of the same bridge; wherein on the Bohemians side were slain some 1000 men; On the Imperial side above 4500. and a great many of common soldiers wounded, which were brought with wanes into the Hospitals of Wien. General Bucquoy himself wounded, but not mortally.   

(6)  
At Egenburg in Bohemia, a great Battle was fought under the conduct of Duke Christian of Anhalt, than General of the Bohemian Army, against the Imperial Generals Bucquoy, and Dampier, wherein the Imperialists were beaten, with the loss of 2000 common soldiers, and diverse officers. On the Bohemians side were also slain, 1800. the 10. of March, Anno. 1620.   

(7)  
The 26 of August. Anno. 1620. marquis Ambrose Spinola, with an Army of 25000. Foot, and Horse, came into Germany, marching with his Army towards the Protestants Leaguer, before Oppenheim in the Palatinate; from thence removed to Creutzenach, which he besieged. The Palatin Garrison, out of all hopes of being relieved, parleys, and yields, the 31. of August. he took Altzheim. Then with 12000. men encompassed the Town of Oppenheim again. The Town unprovided for siege, was rendered also unto Spinola, the 6. of September. Anno. 1620.  

Marquis Ambrose Spinola General. over the Spanish Army in the Netherlandes.  
Was sent by the King of Spain with 25000 men into the Palatinat the 26. of August. A●● 620 fought against Marquis of Durlach. Mansfeld. and Duke of Brunswick, takes in possession the most part of the Lower Palatinat dies in Italy in the niew fort of Serivia. the 15 of Sept: A●● 630.    

(8)  
The Elector of Saxony, with 12000. of Horse, and Foot did assault the Town of Bautzen, wherein eight Companies of the Bohemians were in Garrison. The Saxons fell to myning, and shooting of Granades into the Town; attempting to scale the walls, are by a Sally many times beaten off. But the Saxons with 12. pieces of Canon, fired and spoiled at last this goodly City; against which they made in the space of two days 3931. shot, and also taketh it. The Town is almost wholly turned to Cinders. 1136. houses. 9 goodly Churches, and two Hospitals are burnt, the 25. of September. Anno. 1620.   

(9)  
Count of Dampier being very desirous to surprise the Hungarish Garrison under Bethlehem Gabor in Presburg, goes thitherward with 6000. of Horse, and Foot, takes and fires the fort in the Suburbs, near the River Donaw. Five hundred Soldiers thereupon were commanded to storm the Castle, & with a Petard to enter it. But the Garrison perceiving this, issues out of the Castle, and a great number of the Assailants cut in pieces. Count Dampier himself was shot, and afterwards his head was cut offby the Hungarians. Octob. the 8. An. 1620.   

(10)  
Upon the 7. of November, Anno. 1620. a great, bloody, and sore battle was fought before Prage; in which the Duke of Bavaria, and the Imperialists under General Bucquoy, and Tilly, did overthrow the Bohemians, and Protestants Army; all Canons, and Ordnance were here taken, 9000. men of the Bohemian Forces slain, 6000. upon the place of battle, and the rest, in the rest of pursuing. Prisoners were taken, the young Duke Christian of Anhait, the young Count of Thurn, Count of Styrumb, diverse Officers and Captains, and of common soldiers 500 On the Bavarian, and Imperialists-side, slain some 250. and some brave Cavaliers, and Chief Commanders, as the General Quartermaster Caretti, Colonel Megaw, Captain Prosing, and Dompre, with 4. Walloons Captains more. ●he Protestants Army before the beginning of this battle is said to have been full 30000. men, and of the Imperialists, and Bavarians. 50000.   

(11)  
july the 10. Anno. 1621. The Imperial General Bucquoy presents himself in full Battalia before Ne●heusel, wherein Bethlehem Gabor had a strong Garrison, and demands it to be rendered, The summons being denied, the Town is surrounded by his Army. The Garrison falling out slaying there 900. Imperialists, and bringing some 100 away prisoners. Some days after, the Garrison sallies out again, where General Bucquoy himself, with diverse Commanders was slain, and Prince Torquato de Comitibus, and some Officers taken prisoners, and so the Imperialists were fain to levy their own siege.   

(12)  
july the 8. and 11. Anno. 1621. Divers Troops of the Bavarian General Lieutenant Tillys Army, made a show of themselves before Count Mansfelds' Quarters, near Frawenberg in Bohemia who sending out some troops against them, drove them to retreat, and cut in pieces 300. of them. The next day the Imperialists came on with greater forces, the Mansfeldish well aware of their coming, these feigning to flee, draw on the Imperialists into an ambush, where many of them were slain, and amongst them the Bavarian Colonel Baur, with diverse Captains and Rittmasters. In these diverse rencounters of the Bavarians, slain more than 1600. on the Mansfeldish side some 500   

(13)  
September the 19 Anno 1621. Don Cordua, Spanish Vice-Generall, with his whole Army, and diverse pieces of Ordnance, coming to besiege the Town of Franckendall in the Palatinat, wherein was a Garrison of some 12. Companies under the command of Colonel Witgenstein; who sallies out with his Soldiers many times upon the Spanish, defeats, and disperses many of them. But Count Mansfeld coming with an Army of 16000 men to relieve the Town, the Spanish were forced to give over, & to leave some Ordnance behind them. On the Spanish side were slain and wounded in all this time of the siege, from the 19 of September, till the 14. of October, no less than 3000. men. 9 Citizens, and 100 of the Garrison were also slain.   

(14)  
Bethlehem Gabor by this time falling with an great Army upon Tirna a Town in Moravia, wherein was an Imperial, Garrison of 7. Companies; this being a wonderful well provided place, makes great countenance of resistance, in so much that Bethlehem Gabor in the third assault lost above 700 of his men before it. But at last parleys, and yields Anno. 1621.   

(15)  
In the beginning of April Anno. 1622. Count Ernst of Mansfeld advancing with his Army into Alsatia besieged the strong Town Zabern; and 12. days, and nights together he battered it. All which time the Imperial Governor Count of Salm, with his Garrison, and the Citizens help, defended the Town, and put of one or two assaults very manfully. Mansfeld fell very furiously on again, and was again repulsed with loss of 300. of his men, with diverse Officers, and Commanders.   

(16)  
April the 5. Anno. 1622. General Tilly summons the Town Neckergemund three English miles from Heidelberg, the Garrison doing some resistance, whereupon the Imperialists with assault, the Town surprised, putting to the sword both the Garrison, and Inhabitants with women, and children. The second day after this Massacre, Tilly falls upon 20. Cornets of the Mansfeldish Horsemen, defeats, and kills 200. of them.   

(17)  
The 14. of April Anno. 1622. Count of Mansfeld coming to revenge in full Battalia against Tilly at Mingelheim near Wiseloch in the Palatinat, cut in pieces 2000 of his Horsemen, and followed so hard upon his rear, that the ways side by the River Rhein towards Germersheim were strewed with the dead bodies of his Army: takes 13. Cornets, and 4. Ensigns 4. pieces of Ordnance and many prisoners, amongst them 2. Colonels 1. Sergeant Major, diverse Rittmasters, Captains and Lieutenants on the Mansfelders' side slain not above 100   

(18)  
After this General Count of Mansfeld encompasses the Town Ladenburg in the Palatinat; to which he the next morning gives summons by a Trumpet. The Imperial Governor giving a denial answer. Mansfeld brings forward his approaches: one part being blown open with a petard, is intred by the Mansfeldish, put to the sword the resistance, and takes 8. Ensigns. Anno. 1622.   

(19)  
The 26. of April Anno. 1622. At Wimpffen General Tilly, and Don Cordua fought a bloody battle against the Marquis of Durlach, which battle began from the morning till 8. a Clock in the night. The Marquis with his Cavallary having charged the Imperialists, and Spanish, at several times, was with such resolution answered, that after five or six charges bet wixt them, his whole Army was defeated, all Ordnances, and baggage, 7. Ensigns, and 11. Cornets taken; 5000. slain upon the place of Battle on both sides; amongst which Magnus' Duke of Wirtemberg, and one Duke of Saxon Weimar. 800. Common Soldiers, besides Captains, Rittmasters, and Lieutenants, both of Horse, and Foot were taken prisoners.  

Ferdinand Cordua Vice-Generall of the Spanish Army.  
Left by Spinola in the Palatinat 1621. Besieged Franckendall and many other places, was beaten of the same Siege with loss of 3000. men by Mansfeld: sought against him and Branswick in the Battle before Hochst. 1622 the 9 of juny. and in the Encounter upon, the Borders of Brabant the 26. of August 1622.    

(20)  
Whereas Duke Christian of Brunswick had taken the Town, and Castle Hochts'; june the 9th. Anno. 1622. settled his quarter in the same place. But long he stayed not. For General Tilly with Don. Cordua with 22000. of Foot, and 140. Cornets of Horse, marching against him, a great conflict fell out, which continued 6. hours. But the Imperialists more in number overthrew, and dispersed the others, which fleeing to the Bridge so throunged, and wedged in one another, that a great number thrust into the River Main; wherein more were drowned, then killed in the battle. Duke Christian with 5. Cornets of Horse through the River did escape. Of great Commanders on the Duke's side were not many slain, except the Count of Lowenstein, which was drowned. Colonel Lieutenant Kochler, and Francking with 5. or 6. Captains more were taken prisoners.   

(21)  
In the end of July, Anno. 1623. Duke Christian of Brunswick charged some Imperialists under the leading of the Duke of Saxon Lawenburg, within few leagues from Plesse in the Dukedom of Brunswick. 1000 Imperialists Horsemen he cut in pieces, the rest fled, leaving 7. Cornets together, with one Rittmaster, and some prisoners and 140. Wagons of Ammunition, and Baggage behind them.   

(22)  
Upon the 7. of August. Anno. 1623. A sore battle was fought at Statlo in W●stphaly, wherein General Tilly prevailed against Duke Christian of Brunswick, and defeated his whole Army. 4000 of Duke christian's Army were slain, and so many, and more taken prisoners; all baggage, and Ammunition. 11. demi-Canons, and 4. Lesser pieces of Ordnances besides 70. Ensigns, and 9 Comets taken. Prisoners of account were, Duke William of Saxon weimar; the Count of Isenburg General of the Artillery, John filips Rhinegrau, a Count of Witgenstein, and another Count of Slick, besides diverse Colonels, Captains, and other officers. Duke Christian, and the Count of Thurn, who was hardly wounded, and with the most of his Horsemen fled by night unto Breford. On Tilly side slain 3. Rittmasters, and one Captain, and some 100 of common Soldiers.  

Christian Duke of Brunswick. & Bishop of Halberstad  
Came first into upper Germany with 1500 Horsemen the 18 Nov: 1621. fought several Battles with Tilly & Don Cordua was overthrown. lost his left Arm in a Battle upon the borders of Bmb the 26. Aug: 1622. d●ed of a seaver at Groningen 6 May. 1626.    

(23)  
Octoher the 4. Anno. 1625. 3000. Imperial Horsemen, and 3000. of Foot, falling upon the King of Dennemarcks, and Duke Christian of Brunsrick's Troops, near the City of Hannover, in the lower Saxony, where above 500 of them were slain, and all the rest utterly rooted. 5. Cornets took the Imperial Party, and many Prisoners also. Duke Frederick of Anhold was shot dead upon the place, in the beginning of the Conflict. And so died Colonel Obentraut, and that of the wound received in the Battle few hours after, in the Imperial Leaguer.   

(42)  
April the 21. Anno. 1626. Count Mansfeld comes with his Army before the strong Sconce by Dessaw-bridge, in which the Imperial General Altringer then commanded. Against this Mansfeld casts up three Batteries: from whence he night, and day thunders upon the Imperialists. Duke of friedland coming to succour them, skirmishes with the Mansfelders, and utterly defeats the Horsemen, and four Regiments of Foot: 3000. of the Mansfelders were slain upon the place; amongst them three Colonels. Kniphousen was taken prisoner with other Officers, and 30, Ensigns, and 7. pieces of Ordnance. The Imperialists lost some 1000 men likewise.  

Ernst Count of Mansfeld  
Came into Bohemia the 20 of Aug: 1618. was first General of the 〈◊〉 and Commander of 4000 Horsemen: took. Pilsena Town in Bohemia by assault fought against Tilly. Cordua and Spinola had a particular Army by himself in the Pelatinat. Alsatia Silesia and Hungaria: died at Racon betwixt Sara and Spalleto in his yourny from Constantinopel towards Venice the 10: of Novemb: 1626.    

(25)  
May the 27. Anno. 1626. General Tilly with his Army, setting him down at the siege of Mun●en, in the Dukedom of Brunswick, which he most fiercely assaults. The Danish Garrison, under Colonel Claut, sallies out of the Town, and doth valiantly resist them. Tilly resolves upon a general assault, by force breaking into the Town, he takes it; massacring and putting to the Sword 25000. Citizens, and Soldiers, with women, and children in it.   

(26)  
july the 29. Anno 1626. General Tilly, with the Count of Furstenberg, General of the Ordnance, coming with 20. Cornets of Horse, and 1500 of Foot, to the relief of the Fort Calenberg, which was by the Danish Army besieged. But Tilly encountering with them, put them to a retreat, and defeats them utterly; took 21. Cornets, and Ensigns, and many prisoners, with slaughter of 500 Common Soldiers, 6. Rittmasters, and other Officers, and Colonel Frytags of the Danish Army.   

(27)  
The 25. of August. Anno. 1626. At Luttor, few leagues from Wolffenbuttel, in the Dukedom of Brunswick, the Imperial General Tilly obtained a great Victory against the King of Dennemarck, and there slew, and took prisonerssome 4000 men of Foot, with. 60. Ensigns, and 6. Cornets. There was ●laine beside on the King's side, upon the place of Battle, the valiant Colonel Fuchs, who commanded, as Sergeant Major, Colonel Nyab, Colonel's Pentz; the Danish General Commissary Powis● and the Landgrave Philip of Hessen. Prisoner's ●● account were taken, Colonel Lindstaw, Colonel's Franking, Courville, Rantzaw, and diverse other Officers. On Tilly's side some 3. or 400. were slain.   

(28)  
The Austrian Boors, some 20000. strong, did besiege, and assault the Imperial Town of Lintz but were beaten off with loss of 800. men. After this they fall upon some Imperialists Forces, unde● the leading of Duke Adolph, of Holstein, which they utterly defeat, the rest were glad to run away. This to revenge comes Pappenheim, with 6000. men upon them, and overthrows them. 3000. he cut in pieces, and put the rest to flight, the 4. of Novemb. anno. 1626.   

(29)  
The Town of Northeim in the Dukedom of Brunswick for a long time being blockd up by the Imperialists. The Imperial General Sergeant Major, Count of Furstenberg resolves to take it by a general Assault; whereupon the Imperialists fall furiously on at several times, but by the Danish Garrison, and Citizens, were again as bravely repulsed, with loss of 6. Captains, 8. Ancients, and some 100 Common Soldiers. 9 Captains, with diverse Officers, and 500 Soldiers were wounded, and hurt. The Garrison being out of all hopes of relief at last parleys, and yields, the 5. of june, anno. 1627.   

(30)  
Betwixt Bredenborg and Itzeho in Holstein, the ●mperiall Commander, Count of Slick, fought a Battle against the Marquis of Durlach, where the Marquis lost the Field. The Imperialists took 42. Ensigns, and 32. pieces of Ordnance from him, with a slaughter of many 1000 men, whereupon the ●mperialists surprised the Fort Bredenborg, putting ●o the sword all that was found in Arms, in Octob. Anno. 1627.   

(31)  
Count of Slick having notice that 12. Danish Companies under the conduct of Colonel Calen●ach, 4. of Conrade Nell, and 6. under Colonel Holck with 200. Horsemen, of Colonel Bauditzen were unquartered about Froy-borg in Jutland, he with all ●is forces overtakes them. 300. Musketeers, and Dragooners were cut in pieces, 3000. of the Danish Horsemen, sticking in Morish places, were also taken prisoners by the Imperialiests, the 17. of October. Anno. 1627.   

(32)  
Duke of Fridland sending the Imperial Colonel Pechman with 7000. Horsemen, & Dragoners to pursue the Danish, and Weinmarish Army about Fridberg in Silesia, where began a great fight betwixt them; ●ll the Danish Troops were ruinated, the rest put ●o fight, 10. Companies of them were taken prisoners, and afterwards constrained to turn unto the ●mperialists, Colonel Pechman was slain in the first encounter.   

(33)  
The first of june, anno. 1630. Gustavus Adolphus, King of Sweden, with some 12000. (for so many brought he out of Sweden with him, his Fleet was about some hundred and thirty Ships of all sorts) landed first at that Dorp, or Village, in the Isle of usedome, called Pennemund. The King's Army consisting of eleven Regiments of Swedish, Scottish, and High-Dutchmen, was entrenched before daylight. The Enemy's Confusion in this Isle, which the King took, at his coming, and assaulting, was so great, that three hundred of them perished by the sword, or in the water.  

Gustavus Adolphus king of Sweden,  
Came into Germany and landed first in the I'll of usedom, with an Army of 12000 men the. 1. of July Aᵒ: 1630. obtained many glorious victory Conquered in two years & 4 Months two third parts of Germany, was shot thorough the Body & slain in the Battle of Lutzen the 6. No: Aᵒ: 1632.    

(34)  
The King of Sweden sendeth that Colonel, and his men, who had laid in Garrison in Stetin, which Town was rendered to the King the 26. of July. Anno. 1630. to the Town of Stargard. This Colonel came by night upon the Town, and having given advertisement unto these Burghers within, they secretly opening a Port unto him, give him present entrance. He thus got in presently, cuts in pieces the Corpse du-guard, which had the watch upon the Marketplace. This done, he without stay goes towards another Port, which he presently assaulted, killing 350. Soldiers, which he found within them.   

(35)  
The King of Sweden passing beyond Stetin, and towards Stralesund again, he set's him down before Wolgast, the Town he by fine force took in. In the heat of the assault, the Garrison, and chief Citizens retire themselves into the Castle. This the King asseiges. Torquati Conti the Emperor's General in those parts, came with 3. Regiments towards the relief of it, but was beaten, and lost 12. Ensigns, and 3. Cornets in the skirmish. The Garrison consisting of 600. Soldier's thus defeated of her succours parleys. In this siege the King lost 120. men. This was done in the end of August. Anno. 1630.   

(36)  
The Imperial Garrison, under the cammand of the cruel Colonel Gotze, having plundered, and forsaken the Town Pasewalck, and carried the chief men away, take it again, from the Swedes, which being 140. strong, had entered the forsaken Town, September, the 7. and after most valiant resistance: beat, kill, and drive out the Swedish; fall to torturing of the Townsmen for their money; ravish Women, and Girls even in the open Streets, and Churchyards; yea Women in childbed; kill and abuse the men, fire the Houses, and the People, in them; thrust Straw into Cellars where children are hidden, and then set fire to it, burn the Churches; massacre the Ministers; and at length burn down the whole Town. Thus their rapes and ravages continue till the 11th or 12th of September. Anno. 1630.   

(37)  
After which the same Imperialists go to Vckermund, a Town hard by, this they fall upon, and take; use as before, keep the gates shut, and so burn the people in the Town. Anno. 1630.   

(38)  
October the 5th. Anno. 1630. Certain troops of Crabats making a brave before the trenches at Stetin, drive away the cattle thereby feeding. In rescue of them there ●ally out 1000 Swedens'. The Swedes overlaid by numbers, lose some 300. brave men, 2. Captains of Horse, and one Sergeant Major in the Skirmish; the rest being glad to get out with their lives.   

(39)  
A pretty kind of Battle between the Swedes, and Imperialists, happened upon the 11th. of November. Anno. 1630. In the mist before Colbergen. In which, what with those that were slain by the Enemy, and what they had killed themselves at their own mistake, were 500 men lost. But the Emperor's whole Forces both Foot, and Horse were defeated: their Cannon, all their Baggage and 4. Cornets taken from them.   

(40)  
December the 23. Anno. 1630. The King of Sweden with 12. Regiments of Foot, and 85-Troopes of Horse in person, draws down towards the Town of Griffenhagen, naturally a very strong place in Pom●ren; in which lay an Imperial Garrison of some 3000. Men; and Don Capua a Spaniard their Governor. A fair, and large breach being made, 10. 15. or 20. Pieces of Canons continually going off together, the Swedens' twice attempt to enter, and are twice most valiantly repulsed. But 2500. Men (for no more were now left) being unable to hold out against 20000. The Town is at the third assault taken. The Governor received a shot in his thigh, whereof in prison he afterwards died: many chief Commanders and 100 Common Soldiers were also taken. 200. were slain, some fled, the rest flinging away their Arms craved quarter, and had it.   

(41)  
About the midst of September, Anno. 1630. The Imperialists of Garze, which Town they leaving afterwards empty unto the King of Sweden, did lose more than 1000 Men in a bloody fight, with the King's Forces.   

(42)  
At the self same time the Swedish Commander Bauditzen fell upon the Imperialists Garrison of Piritz a Town betwixt Griffenhagen, and Connixberg in which were some 1400. Men those he defeats, and so was that Town taken.   

(43)  
In the beginning of Octocter. Anno. 1630. Duke of Friedland sent a strong convoy of 4000 Men to open the passages, and to thrust some men, and victuals into the City of Rostock, which was blocked up by the King of Sweden. There the Swedens' grappling withal, shrewdly defeated, and kill the most of them: utterly frustrating their design. About the beginning of December, some 7. Cornets of Horse issue out of the same Town, to go a bootehaling: these the Swedish pursue. In the skirmish were 200. Imperialists slain upon the place 280. taken prisoners; and some 400. Horse brought away: scarcely 20. Sound men recovering into Rostock again: which afterwards yielded to the King, and their Lord the Duke of Mecklenburg.   

(44)  
February, the 14. Anno. 1631. The King of Sweden with an Army of 16000 Horse, and Foot set's down to the siege of Dammin a very strong Town; after a hideous Battery was the Castle first taken of all by assault; the 15th. day, he thunders upon that again, beats down the works, and makes so vast a breach in the walls, that the Imperial Govemour the Duke of Savelly finding the place not to be tenable against such thunder, and resolutions, parlyes, and yields. the King lost about 200. men in this siege.   

(45)  
At this time General Tilly with an Army of 22000. Men, and 26. pieces of Ordnance besieging Feldsberg a Castle near unto New Brandenburg, which was kept by the Swedish, by assault he took in, putting all to the Sword in it.   

(46)  
Thence he did go to New Brandenburg, which was taken by the King of Sweden with Composition, which Tilly straightly besieged, and most fircely assaulted. There are his men sound knocked down many a time, by the Swedens' Sallies out of the Town, and by others from the Army by Dammin. Tilly thus enraged with the loss of his men, after a large Breach in the Walls made with his Ordnance, he breaking into the Town, he takes it, kills all that he finds in Arms: except the Governor Kniphousen; four Captains, some Lieutenants, and Ancients with about 60. common Soldiers: all which he sends prisoners away. This was done the 9th. of March, Anno. 1631.   

(47)  
near Munchenberg 600 Swhedish Horse falling on the sudden upon 700. Crabats, of which the most part they kill, and 100 they take, their Colonel hardly escaping into Frankford Anno. 1631.   

(48)  
The King of Sweden Vantcurryers' going toward the siege of Frankford, surprise Zednick kill 300. Crabats obtain 3. Cornets, and 460. Horse, with a great booty beside, Anno. 1631.   

(49)  
The King of Sweden with an Army of some 18000. men advancing towards Frankford upon the Oder the 3. of April, Anno. 1631 which he took by great, and bloody assault of the Imperialists. Count Schomberg who commanded in chief within the Town (with full 7000. men in Garrison) Tieffenbach, and Monte Cuculi escaped into Silesia. The Soldiers, and fleeing Imperialists so thronged, and wedged in one another upon the Oder Bridge, which was clustered full with carriages, that many were stifled, and many thrust into the River Oder. Lieutenant General Herberstein was slain; so were Heidum, Walstein, and jour, all Colonels, with 500 other Captains, and Officers: and 2000 Soldiers at the least dead upon the place: besides those that were drowned; and others found in Cellars, Chambers, and elsewhere, as many more perchance. General Major Sparre, Colonel Waldaw, Colonel Meves, Buttler, Count Sebaudi all Colonels, and 2. others, together with 800. common Soldiers being sent prisoners unto the King. Ensigns were there 23. with 8. Cornets presented unto the King. There were 300. Swedes slain, and 100 hurt. To increase the misery of the Citizens, there fell a fire at night, which burned down 17. fair Houses.   

(50)  
Some Swedish over-confident of their valour, and fortune would needs set upon certain Troops of Imperialists, which they heard were then abroad betwixt Landsbergen, & Schiffelbein. But the Swedes are well beaten, 300. of them lost, and 3. Cornets. Upon the 15. of April Anno. 1631. The King of Sweden having fully finished his works. before the strong Town of Landsbergen, falls strongly upon the Enemy's Outworks, and takes them; and 300. Soldiers in them. The Garrison, some 4500. in all, over which was Count Cratz Governor, whose son the young Colonel, in falling out, by a Musket bullet was killed demands conditions. About this siege first, and last, the King lost 600. Men.   

(51)  
In this time the Imperialists attempted the recovery of Crossen in Silesia, a great Town upon the Oder, which the Swedes had taken before upon agreement: but the Swedish Garrison being assisted by there Fellows out of Frankford, and Landsbergen, kill some 200. of them upon the place, driving the rest into Great Glogaw.   

(52)  
June the 13. Anno. 1631. 100LS. Imperialists in Werben were taken sleepers, killed, routed, or imprisoned; their Lieutenant Colonel, their chief Quarter-matter, and their Town surprised by the Kings of Swedens' General Baiudtzen.   

(53)  
Upon the last of June, Anno. 1631. The Swedish Colonel Duwaldt sent out from the King with 2000 Horse, and 2000 Dragoners, who passing through the River Ell at a shallow passage, (as Bauditzen had done before in surprising Werben) falls upon the City of Tangermnnd; where both Town, and Castle being taken, the most of the Garrison slain in the resistancie.   

(54)  
The King of Swedens' General John Bannier falls upon Havelberg, 110. Imperialists he put to the Sword, 440. taken prisoners, and the Town also, the 9th. of July. Anno. 1631.  
July the 17. Anno. 1631. A great defeat was given to the Imperialists from the King of Sweden Colonel Callenbach, and the Rhinegrave at Tanger; where 4. Regiments of Horse they utterly defeated. 1500. were slain. Colonel Bernsteins' which was their leader killed, Colonel Holck, and Coronino fled, some 28. or 29. Cornets taken, besides those that were burnt.   

(56)  
Whereas General Tilly the City of Magdenburg for a long time besieged, Count Pappenheim then General Field Martial, the 10. of May, Anno. 1631. by a General assault entered, and the Imperialists fall to killing. The valiant Falckenburg chief commander was slain. the Marquis of Brandenburg Administrator hurt, and taken Whilst all thus goes to wrack, a mighty fire breaks out, the whole City was in 12. hours' space wholly turned to cinders, excepting 139. houses. Six goodly Churches were burnt. 20000. people at least were here killed, burned, and smothered. 6000. being observed to be drowned in the Ell. Tillyes' Walloons, and Crabats would give Quarter to few, so that all were killed.   

(57)  
Upon the 7. of September Anno. 1631. about a mile from Leipsig a sore Battle was fought betwixt the King of Sweden, and General Tilly. Tilly's Army was some 44000 brave men. The King's troops were some 18000. and the Duke of Saxony, together with the Elector of Brandenburg some 22000. in which great, and bloody Battle the King prevailed against Tilly. There were 9000. of the Imperialists slain● upon the place of Battle: and a great number beside in the chase, the same night, and the days, following. The King lost some 1200. Men in the whole fight, and the Duke of Saxony not full 2000 Of the chief Commanders on the King's side these were slain, Baron Teufel, Callenbach, Hall, Aldergast all Colonels, with diverse Captains, Lieutenants. On the Duke of Saxonies' side these. Colonel Bintauf, Starshedel, Sergeant Major Holbersdorff, and Lamminger, both Lieutenant Colonels, and some more: whereof some died the same day, and some the next. Of Tilly side slain these following, the General of the Ordnance Count of Schomberg: Erfft Sergeant Major General: Baumgarten, Planckhard, Colonels; Colonel Lieutenant, and Baron of Grota, Caratelle Lieutenant Colonel: together with divers other Italian Colonels, besides Captains of Horse, and Foot. Tilly himself wounded, and fled into Hall.  

9 John Tscherclaes Count of Tilly first Lieutenant General of the Duke of Bavaria  
Came into Austria with 6000. of Horse and foot the. 10. Juny. Aᵒ: 1620 was victorious in the Battle before Prage fought against the Marq: of Durlach. Mansfeld. Branswick. and King of Dennemarck and overthrow. them. his wholly Army defeated by the King of Sweden in the Battle of Leipzig and Lech. died. at Jngolstad of the wound receved in the Conflict at Lech the 20 of April. Aᵒ: 1632    

(58)  
October the 8. Anno 1631. the King of Sweden took by a general assault that strong, and (by the Enemy supposed) impregnable Castle of Wurtzburg, being therein an Imperial Garrison of 1500 fight men. All that resisted suffered. The Governor Keller, a Captain of a Troop of Horse, saved his own life by begging it at the King's feet: all the defendants being slain, and taken prisoners. The Castle for one hour was permitted to the pillage: where an unvaluable booty was obtained by the Soldiers. Some 200. of the Swedish lost their lives upon the service. Troy itself was not better provided for its ten years' siege, for victuals, money, and Ammunition, than this goodly, rich, strong, and pleasant Fort of Wurtsburg was.   

(59)  
The Town Werthhaim was kept by the Italian Colon. Piccolomini. He now issuing out of the town, and making the best resistance that he could, had all his men that escaped not by fight, either slain upon the place, or carried away prisoners. October the 15. General Tilly having a mind to be revenged of the loss of Piccolominies men, and the town, sends some 3000. Horse, and Foot to make an enterprise upon that place again. The King of Sweden sends some of his men against Tilly. Tilly falling into the Swedish Ambuscado whence he gate not out, but with the loss of 2700. men 800. Horse, 14. Ensigns, and Cornets, and all their Arms, and Baggage.   

(60)  
About October the 21. Anno. 1631. General Tilly sends out 3. Regiments more to oppose the Swedish at Rotenburg an Imperial town near the head of the River Tauber; but these three whole Regiments were either routed, or slaughtered by the King's Troops.   

(61)  
December the 8, Anno. 1631. the King of Sweden took by assault the Castle of Oppenheim, where 200. Spanish of Don Cordua's Army were cut down, and 8. Colours taken.   

(62)  
Not long after this, Rhinegrave Otto Ludwick upon his march towards Franckendall, chances upon, a Partee of 9 Troops of Don Philip de Silva ' ●● Horse (who was then General of all the Spanish in the Palatinate, and in the Bishoprics of Mentz and Triers) that were going out a booty haling, whom, after a long fight, he rowtes, and overthrows, taking 5. Cornets away, from them Anno. 1631.   

(63)  
Upon the New-year's day at night, anno. 1632. was the strong Town, and Fort of Manheim, yea the strongest of all the Palatinate, by a pretty stratagem surprised by Duke Bernhard of Saxon Weimar. Being believed, and admitted as a friend into the Town, he presently cut in pieces the next Court of Guard, kills 300. of the Garrison: lays hold upon Maravelli the Governor, and his Lieutenant Colonel; giving Quarter to none, but to the Germans.   

(64)  
About the 8. of january, Anno. 1632. After the Town of Wismar had yielded to the Swedish General Todt, and the Imperial Garrison under Colonel Gram, marching out with almost 3000. men, upon occasion of a quarrel by the way, whom the Swedish Colonel Lohausen falling aboard with, kills 300. upon the place, and so terrifies 2000 more, that to save their lives they became Soldiers to the King of Sweden. And Gram himself taken prisoner.   

(65)  
january the 20. anno. 1632. the Swedish General Rhingrave falls upon Kirch-berg, in the Hunts-ruck, and takes it in by assault; wherein 147. Italians, and Burgundians were put to the Sword, and 100 Germans taken prisoners.   

(66)  
About this time the Rhingrave sets upon 2. Regiments of Spaniards, not far from Kastel: whereof, one he utterly overthrew, forcing the other to retire into the fastness of a wood. Here were 8. Colours obtained, and afterwards presented unto the King of Sweden, at Mentz. But the Spaniards resolving not to put it up so, suddenly pass over 1800. Horse, and disposing one Foot Regiment in close Ambush. The Rhinegrave hoping of the former fortune, though he had but 600. Horse in all with him, lost in the close of the Business some 300. men.   

(67)  
january the 22. Anno. 1632. The Town and Castle Crutzenach, wherein 600. Germans, and Spaniards were in Garrison, taken in by great assault from the King of Sweden; a breach first wa● made of the King's Canon, thorough which the Town was entered: the Castle being night and day besieged, at last yields upon hard conditions. There were lost on the King's side, 3. Captains, and of common Soldiers, 250.   

(68)  
In the beginning of February, Anno. 1632. General Field-marshal Pappenheim, having gott●● notice, how that the Swedish Colonel Cag, wa● with three new, and weak Regiments, Dragooners, of about 1500. men, lodged near unto Hoxter, and Corvey, he falling into their Quarters, cut in pieces the most of them.   

(69)  
Before the middle of February, Anno. 1632. Landgrave Wilhelm of Hessen reprised Warburg, whereinto Pappenheim had newly thrust a Garrison of 900. men. The Town he took by storm; and all that resisted, died for it.   

(70)  
About this time Duke William of Saxon Weimar, and General Bannier do storm, and enter by forc● the Town of Gottingen, wherein the Imperial Colonel Carthaus commanded with a Garrison of 900. men. Carthaus with his Officers flinging down their Arms, are taken prisoners, and the houses plundered.   

(71)  
February the 28th. Anno. 1632. Gustavus Horn, Swedish Field-marshal, cut in pieces two Regiments of General Tilly's Horse, obtains 2. Cornets, the rest together with the baggage being all burned within a mile of Bamberg. But Gustavus Horn likewise in forsaking Bamberg, lost 500 prisoners. Henry William, Count of Solms wounded, whereof he died in March following at Sweinfurt.   

(72)  
Gustavus Horn in recovering Mergentheim first of all defeated 800. new-come Imperialists, who had thought to have thrust themselves into the Town. The Garrison after this being roundly besieged, and for two or three days battered, came to a composition the 16. of December Anno. 1631.   

(73)  
Whereas the King of Sweden besieged the City Donawerth, wherein were some 1200. Foot. 500 Horse, and 500 of the Bavarian trained Bands, and Rodulph Maximilian, Duke of Saxon Lawenburg being their Governor, perceiving that they were neither able to resist the King, nor to stay the expectation of relief; thought a little before break of day to have, under favour of the darkness, marched out of the Town over the Bridge, towards Bavaria, this design of theirs was hindered by Colonel Hebron: that though Saxon Lawenburg, and some few with him got safely over, yet the rest that would have followed, betwixt 3. and 400. of them being cut down, and 400. taken prisoners, the 27. of March, Anno. 1632. Donawerth being thus taken, the King's Troops falling upon 400. Imperial Soldiers, in a Castle not far from Donawerth, kill 200. of them in the Castle, and the rest were taken prisoners.   

(74)  
The 5 of April. Anno. 1632. A great confict happened at Lech, the King of Sweden passing the same River Lech, and General Tilly straight opposing him not to come over, the General Altringer of the Bavarians Army with the shot of a Field-peece was spoilt, and carried off in the Duke of Bavarians own Coach: and Tilly also received a Musket-shot, which proved a mortal wound unto him. The Duke of Bavaria himself and the whole Army fled by great disorder, some 1000 men of the Bavarians Army were here slain, with many great Commanders, and under Officers.   

(75)  
In the end of April, Anno. 1632. Pappenheim being come with an Army of 10000 Horse, and Foot, in the City of Stade falls upon 4. Com●anies of the Swedish Colonel Monroes', and a Swedish Regiment of General Major Leslyes', cuts them off, taketh 19 Colours, and some of the Captains, and Officers prisoners.  

10. Godtfrid Henry Count of Pappenheim.  
Sent from the Emperor the 10. of Octob. Aᵒ: 1626. with 6000. against the rebellious Boors into Austria Afterwards was made Field-marshal to General Tilly over the Jmperiall & Bauaria● Army. was strucken with a bollet of a Falconet in the Battle of Lutzen the 6 of No: A ●: 1632    

(76)  
In the beginning of june an. 1632. the Imperial General Cratz, with 2000 Foot, and Baron of Cronenburg with his Regiment of Horse, together with 2. Regiments of Crabats, besieged and takes the Imperial City of Weissenburg: the Swedish Garrison, consisting of 8. Companies of Foot, and 2. of Horse, refusing to turn to the Imperial party, had all their throats cut. The Town plundered, the chief Citizens, and Ministers were carried away prisoners, the Gates of the City burned down to the ground.   

(77)  
Duke Bernhard of Saxon Weimar in the pursuit, of the Imperial Army under Ossa, lights upon one of his bravest Regiments, consisting of 2000 men, and conducted by Hannibal, Count of Hohen-ems: all which he had utterly routed and defeated; took the Count, with 400. prisoners, and 8. Ensigns. This defeat happened about Isne. an. 1632.   

(78)  
Sir Patrick Ruthven then Swedish Governor in the City of ulm, falling upon some 1000 Boors stirred up by their Landlords against the Swedes, killed 400. of them about Kempten. Others of them beingbusie at Zipperiden, where almost 800. were cut in pieces, 300. more of them in an other place were affrighted, and disarmed by the Swedes, Anno. 1632.   

(79)  
The Imperialists falling upon 5. troops of the Elector of Saxonies' Horse, then lying at Rakonick in Bohemia, where the Saxons were surprised, and knocked down, scarce 120. of them escaping with their lives, and loss of two Cornets. Anno. 1632.   

(80)  
The Saxons Forces, under the leading of Baron Hoffkirck, defeated 900. Crabats, and take 11. Cornets from them, about Prage. Three Ensigns of the Imperialists, that had before cut off 5. Companies of Saxons at Rakonick; were almost every man of them cut in pieces, by the Saxons again, before the Gates of Prage. Anno. 1632.   

(81)  
july the 30. Anno 1632. Colonel Sparr was sent out from General Walstein, in his encamping before Norimberg, with 8. Cornets of Horse, and 20. Troops of Crabats, and 500 Musketeers to cut off the Swedish Colonel Dubatel in his retreat from Freyenstat. But the King of Sweden with his Dragooners falling upon the Walsteiners, routed, and defeated them. Sparre himself, with his Lieutenant Colonel Tertskie taken prisoner, together with 4. Captains, diverse Officers, and above 100 Common Soldiers, 3. Cornets were then obtained, and 2. Ensigns. 600 of the Walsteiners were slain upon the place; and diverse more drowned in the River, and Moorish places. On the King's side were not many slain; but amongst them was Colonel Ries. This was done about Burghtan.  

11. Albrecht Walstein Duke of Friedland. General of the Jmperiall Army  
Came first against the Mansfeldishe & Weinmarishe Forces into Silesia out of Hungary the. 16 Apr: Aᵒ: 1626. pravailed against the King of Dennemarck: was quitted of his Generallship Aᵒ: 1630. & again recalled to it Aᵒ: 1632. Lost the Battle before Lutz ●●▪ was killed with: a Partisan from Cap: Debrox at ●gra. Feb: 25 Aᵒ: 1634.    

(82)  
July, the 20. Anno. 1632. Landgrave Wilhelm of Hessen with a party of 500 Horse, & as many Musketeers lighting upon 3. Companies of Imperialists, killed 100 of them, took 2. Cornets, and 500 prisoners. 150. of the Imperialists more slain the same time about Sweinfurt.   

(83)  
June, the 23. Anno. 1632. Duke Bernhard of Saxon Weimar came before the Port of Ehingen; those he breaks with a petard; he puts 200. Imperialists therein to the Sword, who had before surprised the Swedish Officers in the same place.   

(84)  
By this time Duke Bernhard surprised the Town of Fuessen, opening the Gates by Petards, and Scaladoes; wherein▪ 1500. men of the Imperial General Altringers old Regiments were in Garrison: 300. of which being in the heat of slaughter were cut off; the rest flung down their Arms, and were taken prisoners.   

(85)  
Upon the 24th. of August. Anno. 1632. a bloody conflict fell out betwixt the King of Sweden, and the Imperial Army before Norimberg, where on the King's side were slain. The Count of Erpach who died of his wounds: General Major Boetius Lieutenant Colonel Sceptre, Rittmaster Maurice of Malsburg with Rittmaster Crailsheim all men of account. Divers other Captains, Lieutenants, Ensigns, and other inferior Officers there lost their lives, with 800. common Soldiers, wounded on the Kings likewise the Count of Eberstein, castle, & Thurn all Colonels, together with diverse other Captain's side, Rittmasters, and other Officers, of common Soldiers there were some 1500. wounded. On the Imperial and Walsteiners side slain 1000 of common Soldiers of acount were slain the Lord Fugger, Colonel Aldobrandino, Colonel Don Maria de Caraffa. Some days after this Battle, the King going out upon a party falls upon some Walsteiners, 250. of them he cut in pieces, diverse prisoners they left behind them.   

(86)  
In the end of August. Anno. 1632. The King of Sweden in his removing from Norimberg cuts the throats of 350. Crabats by Rain, and took 7. Ensigns from them.   

(87)  
About this time 14. Hassian Troops of Horse sent to relieve the Town Volckmarsen were discovered, and surprised by the Pappenheimers, of these were 200. slain, and as many prisoners, with the loss of 9 Ensigns, and all their Baggage. The Town was yielded presently upon it to Pappenheim.   

(88)  
September the 20. Anno. 1632. General Pappenheim pursuing the Swedish General Ba●dissin and Skiermishing with him 20. English miles together, did very much spoil upon the Swedish, and cut of all the sick, and tired men, that could not fast follow: There being slain on both parties. ●●e 1000 men. This was about Hebenhusen.   

(89)  
August the 17. Anno. 1632. A great fight was ●●tweene the Swedish, and Imperialiests before ●einaw, where the Imperial Leaguer than was un●●r Don Balthasar di Marradas with some 12000 ●ong. The Swedish Colonel, and the Saxons Field●arshall Arnheim falling upon the Imperialists ●orse quarters, they after a charge or two took the ●wte upon it: running towards Sweinitz, and ●●eslaw; some 4000 of their Foot having thrust themselves into the Fort of Steinaw. In theirs encounter were slain above 2000 Imperialists. The swedish hereupon recovered the Pass, and Fort of ●●einaw. Upon August the 31. the Imperial Ge●●rall Sergeant Major Schaffgotzki was also overthrown by Arnheim betwixt the Od●r, & Namstaw; ●here 1200. Imperialists lost their lives, the rest ●ed, and their Colonel Eckstad with many Officers taken.  

12 Don Balthasar di Marradas  
Sent from the Emperor with. 2 Rigiments of Spaniards ye●● Jul: 1620 into Bohemia afterwards left Chief Commander in 〈◊〉 parts by Walstein. fled out Prage at the Saxons coming. 1 of Nov: 1632. recovered & lost again some places in Bohemia: defeats at Steinaw and before Breslaw by Arnheim 1653.    

(90)  
Upon the 6. of November Anno. 1632. hap●ned the long, cruel, bloody, and bravely fought ●ttell of Lutzen, which in continual exercise one place or other had lasted from 9 in the ●orning until night, in which the Swedes by the ●lour of Duke Bernhard Saxon Weimar, and ●enerall Major Kniphousen did overthrow, and put flight the Imperial Army, and their Generalissimo Duke of Friedland. 9000. men were slain upon ●e place; and many a brave man died of the an●●ish of his wounds miserably. Of great Comman●ers slain on the King's side; First, the King of ●wedens Majesty himself, whose death is never enough to be lamented. Next to the King was ●rave Neeles, Duke Ernst of Anhalt, Count of ●hurn, Colonel Wildenstein, Colonel Winckel, sergeant Major General Isler, and Colonel Gers●rff, with diverse Lieutenant's Colonels, Majors, ●ittmasters, and Captains. On the Imperial side; ●e Abbot of Fulda; the Count of Pappenheim●ield ●ield Martial: Count Berthold Wallenstein: Ser●eant Major General Breuner, Lo. Westrumb, Lan, ●omargo, Witzleb, and Foves all Colonels: together with Taxheim, Lampert, and Cammerhoff Lieutenant Colonels; besides Majors, Captains of Horse, ●nd Foot, and other Officers.   

(91)  
Gustavus Horn Swedish Field Martial, and the Rhinegrave Otto Ludowick obtained a noble Victory before Wiseloch the 16. of August. Anno. 1632. defeated a thousand Horsemen of the very flower of the Imperial Army, led by Colonel Vitzthumb, and Montbaillion, where Colonel Montbaillion was shot dead, and so his I●tenant Colonel fell at the same time by hi● Divers Rittmasters were there dismounted, and ●bove 400. of the common Soldiers slain.   

(92)  
October the 15th. 1632. the Swedish General Rhinegrave falling upon the Imperial Army u●der Count of Salm, who with 4000 Boores. 200▪ Soldiers, and 600. Horse intent to relieve Be●feld, which was by Gustavus Horn besieged, ki●● 600. of them, and takes about 150. prisoner's wher● upon the rest retired unto Molsheim.   

(93)  
Upon the 30. of October Anno. 1632. wa● the strong Town, and Fort Benfeld delivered to Gustavus Horn, who from the 12. of September until the 30. of October, had straight besieged, and many times assaulted. The Imperial Governor having done, and suffered as much a● might be expected from a man in his place, had lost above 400. in all this time of his men, marching out with 400. Foot, and 220, Horsemen.   

(94)  
The 16. of November. 1632. whereas 12. Cornets of the Brisachers' Horse, were resolved to affront Gustauns Horns Quarter, and to attempt the relieving of Colmar, Rhinegrave Otto Ludwick, with 3. Regiments flies in upon the necks of them, kills, taketh, and disperses them, scarce 100 of them recovering with safety unto Brisach, 7. Ensigns he took from them, and that he might pursue the victory, falls likewise upon the Imperialists at Witte●en hard by Ensisheim, where 300. he knocked down upon the place, and amongst them 2. Barons of Reiffenberg, Lieutenant Colonel Roben, a Sergeant Major. 6. Horse Captains, with diverse Cornets and under Officers. Colonel Ascanio their chief commander being escaped with 3 Cornets of Horse, the remainder of 1200.   

(95)  
The 8. of December, Anno. 1632. the Swedish Colonel Zillhart of Gustavus Horne's Army, and Lieutenant Colonel Remthinger with a reasonable party steal suddenly upon Endingen, where the Imperial Colonel Croneck with 5. Troops of Horse was enquartered, who was himself in the very beginning of the fight shot dead upon the place, above 100 of his men slain, and all the rest dispersed, and the Town of Endingen taken.   

(96)  
The 9 of January, Anno. 1633. the Vantcurriers of Gustavus Horn Army falling upon 200. Bavarian Dragooners not far from Memmingen, kill the most of them, whereupon Gustavus Horn with his whole Army advanced towards the Bavarian, and Imperial Army under Duke of Feria skirmish with them, and defeat 2. Regiment of Horse, where the chiefest Officers were slain, 6, Cornets taken, and the rest prisoners.   

(97)  
January, the 28. Anno. 1633. the Swedish Colonel Canofsky having gotten intelligence of 1700▪ Imperial Horse, and 1500. Musketeers coming upon him to surprise him, and his forces, presently gathered his men together, falls with fury upon the Imperialists, and dispersed them, forced the rest to run away into Fryburg, took 400. prisoners, and killing 400 of them.   

(98)  
In the end of January, Anno. 1633. 4000 Imperialists took by force that Fort of Oppelen. But the Saxon Colonel Sneider falling upon them, cut in pieces 300. of them, and put the rest unto a disorderly retreat. Not long after this Skirmish, the Swedish, and Saxon Forces coming again upon the Imperialists at Strelen, where they were beaten off, with slaugther of some 500 men.   

(99)  
The 24th. of March. Anno. 1633. After Duke Bernhard of Saxon Weimar had taken the Town Herrieden, Dan, and Ohrenbaw by assault, the Imperial General John de Werth with 40. troops of Horse coming to relief, and to beat of the Swedish, Duke Bernhard falls upon them, killed more than 400. of the Imperialists, the rest escaping with loss of 2. Cornets, and some prisoners.   

(100)  
In the middle of April, Anno 1633. The Swedish Colonel Dubatel with 5. Troops of Horse falling into the Quarters of 3. Troops of Crabats, at Wonsidel, he cut in pieces the most of them, taketh 3. Ensigns, and their Colonel, with some Officers prisoners. Few days after Dubatel light upon 1600. other Crabats, that scoured up and down the country, cut the throats of the most of them, carrying away their 8. Ensigns.   

(101)  
The 25. of April, anno. 1633. Duke George of Luneborg, Swedish General, having besieged Hamelen▪ upon the River Weser; 30. Cornets of Horse, and 12. Ensigns of Foot, under command of the Imperial General Bonninghusen, and the Bishop of Osenbrug came to the relief of this Town, whereupon Duke Luneborg sent the Lieutenant General Melander with some Regiments of Horse and Foot against them, who encountering with the Imperialists at Angeren, near the City of Lemgow, killing, and destroying them utterly. There were slain upon the place of this Battle almost the half part of this Imperial Army, and amongst them Colonel Haxthusen, Colonel Dunbert, Colonel Aschenburg, with diverse Captains and Officers, and 9 Ensigns were taken.   

(102)  
june the 4. Anno. 1633. The Swedish under the leading of Colonel Deloni fell upon 1600. Imperialists and Bavarians before the City of Memmingen, where the Imperialists were defeated, and Knocked down, few of them escaping with their lives into Memmingen.   

(103)  
About this time, the Swedish Field-marshal Gustavus Horn having taken with composition the strong Fort of Pappenheim, the Imperial General Altringer sends 1500. Crabats to attempt the Swedish; but the Swedish being ready to entertain them, kill 300. of them, and drive the rest to a shameful retreat.  

13 Gustavus Horn Swedish General Field Martial,  
Came into Germany with the king of Sweden 1630 was first sent with a Army towards Silesia. then afterwards General of a particular Army by himself in Franconia Alsatia & Swabenland, where he much prevailed against the Coesarca●● & Bavarian Forces was taken prisoner by the k: of Hung: in the Battle of Norlingen. 27 Aug: 1634    

(104)  
Upon the 28th. of June. Anno. 1633. A bloody Battle was fought at Oldendorp, where the Imperlalists, who had gathered a new Army under the leading of General Merode, and Count of Cronsfeld, coming the second time to the relief of Hamelen, by the manhood of the Swedish Generals, as Duke of Luneborg, General Melander, and Kniphousen, they were overthrown, and 5000. of them slain upon the place; amongst them the Imperial Colonel, Quad, Westphall, and Dincklag, General Merode, who died few hours after, besides Captains, Rittmasters, Lieutenants, and other Officers, whose dead, and naked bodies were not known. Prisoners were taken Sergeant Major Mars●seler, Colonel Westerhold, and diverse Officers more, besides 2500. Common Soldiers. 13. great pieces of Ordnance, and 70. Cornets, and Ensigns, also taken. On the Swedish, and Hassians side some 200. lost their lives. Hereupon the Town of Hamelem was rendered to the Swedish Conquerors.   

(105)  
At Pfaffenhoven, in Alsatia upon the 31. of June. Anno. 1633. Prince Palatin Christian of Berckenfeld General of a Swedish Army, by himself, obtained a great Victory against the Duke of Lorrlayne, in which Battle the Lorrlaynes Army was wholly ruinated, and defeated; leaving all their Ordnance, and Baggage behind them with the loss of 1000 men; the Swedish Garrison in Pfaffenhoven likewise in the heat of this encounter fell out, cutting of, and dispersing 500 of the Lorraynes Musketeers. Of the Swedish were slain the General of the Ordnance Schulthes, and Baron of Ruppa; of common Soldiers slain, and hurt some 208.   

(106)  
In the middle of October 1633. the Imperial General Bonninghusen falling at night upon the Swedish, under Field Martial Kniphousen near Paterborn cut off a great many, took 200. prisoners, and 5. Ensigns of them.   

(107)  
November the 4th. Anno. 1633. Gustavus Ho●● Swedish Field Martial coming with his Army upon 3. strong Regiments of Imperialists, and Bavarians under the conduct of the Count Bray Colonel Luirs, and Konig of General Altringers Army, he gives them a shroud defeat, put to the Sword 400. of them, and many carried away prisoners, amongst them Count of Bray, and diverse Officers more. This Skirmish happened at Oberndorff near Balingen.   

(108)  
In the end of the Month November Anno. 1633. the Swedish General Rhinegraves Horse Regiment falling upon some troops of the Imperial General Altringer about Mindelheim, where after a sharp conflict near 1000 Imperialists were cut off, and Altringer himself had been almost surprised.   

(109)  
About this time the Swedish Colonel Kanoffsky had a good fortune upon that Pleskowish Regiment of Crabats, which he utterly routed at Wangen; their Liutenant Colonel he took prisoner besides some other Officers, the rest being put to the Sword. A little after this the Swedish General Major Rostein runiated also three Regiments of Imperialists, about Kempten whereof many were cut in pieces, and the rest put to flight. Anno. 1633.   

(110)  
At this time the Swedish General Rhinegrave took in many places in the upper Alsatia, and amongst others aslaulted the Town Rufach, in which he took Prisoners the old Earl of Lichtenstein, together with many other Officers, and above 500 common Soldiers, which gave up their names to the Rhinegrave, but the Boors were all put to the Sword, within a week or 10. days space, there were a full 1000 Imperialists cut off in several places thereabouts. Anno. 1633.   

(111)  
In the end of December Anno 1633. the Swedish Colonel Cracaw falls upon some Imperial troops of Colonel Bucheim, going towards Huimolst near Landsbergen, where he sorely ruinated them, kills 400. takes 9 Ensigns, one Cornet and many prisoners.   

(112)  
December the 29. Anno 1633. Landgrave William of Hessen, and the Swedish Field-marshal Kniphousen took in by a general assault, the Town of Saltzkoten, and whereas the Citizens thereof had dealt very treacherously with the Swedes, the Town was set on fire, by heaving and shooting of Granades in two several places, which burned so fiercely, that the whole Town quite consumed unto ashes; few of the Citizens and Garrison could escape away, but the most of them were put to the sword. The Imperial Governor was also taken prisoner.  

William Landgrave of Hessen the first Protestant Prince▪ in Germany  
Which made an union with the king of Sweden and 1631. did go privately over unto the kings Camp at Werben and returned with 3. Regiments of Horse and. 1. of Foot. for his assistance. Brought an Army of 12000. men to yoine with king's Forces at Frankford the 20. Nov: 1631. took many Cities and Castles in Ringkow Westphaly. & Lower Saxony. died of a burning Fever in Eastfriesland. 1637    

(113)  
Upon the 29 of January Anno 1634. the Swedish Colonel Kirkhofer of Duke Bernhard Saxon Weymars' Army, had the fortune to light upon the Imperial and Bavarian General, John de Werths' Regiment, consisting of 11. Companies, all which he wholly routed and dispersed, some prisoners he took and brought into Deckendorff. At the same time the Sergeant Major of the Sa●tlerish Regiment, brought back three of John de Werths' Ritmasters. 3. Lieutenants. 2. Cornets. and above 80. prisoners. In both these conflicts were full 300. Imperialists slain, the Bavarian Colonel Swartz taken prisoner. Not long after two Swedish Colonels, Rosa and Karpffen, light upon Colonel Corpus with his Regiment of Crabats, whom falling upon unawares, they put them to flight, kill 300. and take 200 prisoners.   

(114)  
February the third Anno 1634. Landgrave john of Hessen, and the Swedish Lieutenant Colonel Ramell and Colonel Sperreuter with 700. Horse, fall out of Weissenburg upon the Imperialists, with whom they began a hard skirmish, 300. Dragooners and Musketeers they cut in pieces, and took 800. prisoners. Amongst which were Colonel Snetter and Haslanger. The rest of the Imperialists fled, leaving four Ensigns, with four Ancients, one Rittmaster, and one Lieutenant.   

(115)  
The tenth of March An. 1634. the Swedish Colonel Plato sent from Duke Bernhard Saxon Weimar unto Mundelheim, to surround the Crabats Regiment of Budianis in it, took the Town by assault, and put some 200. that lay in it, to the Sword; their Lieutenant Colonel he took prisoner, together with many Officers.   

(116)  
About this time, Rhinegrave Otto Ludowick Swedish General did obtain a great victory against the Lorraynes and Imperialists, under command of Count Salm, and marquis of Bassompier General of the Lorraine Forces who with 7000. strong set upon him, that was little above 2000 betwixt the Town of Senan, and the Dorp of Ochsenfeld, whereof the Lorraynes and Imperialists were slain 2000 upon the place. Colonel Philip was shot. Count of Salm, Governor at Zabern, Marquis of Bassompier with Colonel Mercy, and 600. common Soldiers were taken prisoners. The Duke of Lorraine retired himself into Dan.   

(117)  
The 29 of May Anno 1634. 700. Imperialists Horsemen, and other commanded Forces, together with 700. of Foot, under the leading of Colonel Wolckenstein, came before the town of Wangen, thinking to surprise it unawares, and in haste they assaulted it with great fury: on the other side the Commander Colonel Kanosfky with his Swedish Garrison did as bravely, and resolutely stand to their defences; so that after some time of resistance the Imperialists retired; The Swedes issuing out upon them, pursued them till they came to Ravenspurg, where Canofsky constrained them to fight, and put above 500 of them to the Sword, and brought 400. prisoners with him into Wangen.   

(118)  
Whereas the loss of the City of Regenspurg so much discontented the Imperial Party, that the Caesarian Army augmented with 2000 Hungarians, & the Bavarian Forces under the General Altringer, marched thitherward to regain it the 17. of May Anno 1634. But Duke Bernhard of Saxon Weimar sudden coming, was so terrible to the Enemy, that they presently retired towards the upper Palatinate. The Swedes pursuing them, and overtaking the Rear, cut of 300 Crabats, amongst which was their Commander Pleskowits slain, and took 400. prisoners. On the Swedish side was General Major Courville shot through the body, whereof he died immediately. But the Bavarians joining with the Imperial Army under the King of Hungary, both which together consisting of 30000. Foot, and 15000. Horse, applying themselves to the siege, intending to make an assault upon the City, when they could make a sufficient breach by battery. Hereupon May the 26. with an 100 pieces of Ordnance begin to batter it. Presently after, they made an assault, but were repulsed with the loss of 500 men, by the Swedish Garrison out of the City, taking prisoner of the Imperial Colonel Breuner, diverse other Officers, yea the Swedes they surprise many Crabats in several places, which were put to the Sword with their commander Budianis; that also in this first assault of the Imperialists 3000. lost their lives. July the 10. was the last assault upon the City on all sides, wherein 4000 Imperialists, likewise miserably from the Swedish were cut in pieces. But whereas the Garrison and Citizens had for a long time, behaved themselves stoutly in defence of the City, even to the admiration of the Imperialists, who had before it, by their own relation, 8000. slain upon the place, 6000. others who had runneaway, made 15000. Canons shot upon the Town, cast above 2000 Granades into it, and 465 Sallies endured from within, the City is at last surrendered upon honourable conditions.  

Ferdinand the third king of Hungary and Bohemia proclaimed king of the Romans the 11. Dec: 1636 at Ratisbone.  
Which City he for along time besieged, most fierceli assaulted, and at last took ᵉ from the Swedens' upon honourable Conditions the 16 July. 1634. Fought a bloody Battle with Duke Beruhard of Saxon Wemar▪ & Gustavus Horn Generals of the Swedish Army. before the City of Nordlingen and obtained the Victory against them the. 27. Aug: 1634,    

(119)  
May the 12. Anno 1634. Duke Georg of Luneborg Swedish General, having received certain intelligence, that the Imperialists, and Leaguish Forces consisting of some 3000. men, had an intent to relief the Town of Hildesheim, which he still besieged; he sends 1330. Horses in all of his, under Colonel King towards the Enemy, where began, not far from the Town Bevern, a sharp conflict betwixt them; at last the Swedish were victorious, the opposite parties were put to a Sudden flight, with great loss and slaughter. The Protestant Forces pursuing them so furiously, that they were head long tumbled into the river of Weser; the way of Bevern was strewed and scattered full of dead carcases, there were very few that escaped, and the most of them were afterwards found and slain. Prisoners were taken some 300. amongst which was one Colonel Lieutenant. one Colonel the Earl of Essenfeld, and an Earl of Wangenburg.   

(120)  
The Imperial Commander Bonninghusen was with General Geleen besieging the Town of Coesfeld, to which they gave two fierce assaults the 17. and 19 of May. Anno 1634. at which assaults, they were bravely received, and repulsed with great loss, and whilst they lay at the siege, the Swedish and Hessish Troops came suddenly in the neck of them, and after a furious encounter for the space of four hours doubtful, the most part of their Foot Forces were dispersed, and a great many of them slain: and pursuing the Horsemen betwixt Ham and Lunen, 500 of them were slain; with the rest of the Horsemen Bonninghusen and Geleen retired to Lunen, which the Swedish after the third assault had it also surrendered: 4000 Soldiers which were therein are come over to the Swedes.   

(121)  
About this time General Lieutenant Melander of the Hassian Army, marching against the Army of the Catholic Leaguers in Westphalia, overtook their Foot forces, and put 1500. of them to the Sword; the rest under the command of General Bonninghusen and Geleen, fled in a confused order into Hamme, wherein he left a Garrison under his Colonel Lieutenant Veglen; which Town the Swedish went to assault, there the Petards were employed and took such effect, that though the Soldiers defended themselves stoutly from the walls, yet the City was taken the 27. of May. Anno 1634. to the great confusion and most total ruin of the Leaguish Catholic Army; and more than the fourth part of the fame Army was put to the Sword.   

(122)  
After this the Swedish Army being brought before the City of Munster, the Swedish General Duke of Luneborg without delay summoneth the City, to be surrendered unto him: but they giving an denial answer, the Swedish did continue the siege. A party of some 1000 strong sallied out of the City, to fetch provision in it, in their return were met by some Hassians, and Swedens' in the Army, who put 800, of them to the sword, and and took from them all the provision. An. 1634.  

George Duke of Lunenborg Chief Commander of Fridlands Army before Stral-Sundt: 1626.  
Came to the king of Sweden and maid General in Lower Saxony with 5000. men Swedish Forces. 1. May 1631 besieged and took many places obtained 2 glorious Victoria against the Jmperialists the 28. Juny 1633 at Oldendorp the other before Hildesheim. 5. of July. 1634.    

(123)  
Upon the third of May. Anno. 1634. General Fieldmarshall Arnheim of the Saxons Army obtained a memorable battle, and brave successful victory against the Imperialists at Lignitz: where the onset and first shock of the Battle was very hot and fury, continuing with great obstinacy and bloody opposition, the space of five hours: the Saxons Canons being three times lost to the Imperialists, and three times with much occision recovered again from them by the Saxons: the Imperial Curassiers and the Crabats did show much valour, and resolution for the most part of the Battle, till in the end the victory inclined to the Saxons side. The Imperialists fleeing towards Lignitz were pursued and cut in pieces, by the Saxons with an exceeding great slaughter, above 4000 Imperialists were slain upon the place; amongst whom were Colonel Bigots, two General Majors, the Lieutenant Colonel of Winsen Regiment, four other Officers and Commanders, and 1400. taken prisoners. Colonel Trost was dangerously wounded, and so was Coloredo the General himself, and Colonel Winse. Colonel Goslitz was taken prisoner, most of the Captains of the Foot Forces were slain. Of the Saxons party slain about 400. whereof 2. Ritmasters, 5. Cornets, and four Ancients, and 200. hurt: 36. Ensigns. nine pieces of Ordnance. 27. Cornets won in the field, and two others more in pursuing of the Enemy.   

(124)  
The 6. of May. A. 1634. The Imperial Commander Goltz coming with 5000. men to besiege Oppelen, began to assault it in 5. several places at once. But the Saxon Garrison under Command of Colonel Sneider, did their best to keep the Imperialists out. That 140. of them lay dead in the ditch near the breach, three or four one over another, and near the other works lay scattered here and there, a great many carcases, in so much that above 400. were found dead upon the place, and more than were slain, were hurt and wounded. The Commander Goltz was slain, the Lieutenant Colonel Sieghose was shot in the shoulder. four Captains with some Lieutenants and Ancients lost their lives, leaving their Ordnance alone upon the Batteries, and ran away.   

(125)  
The fifth of April Anno 1634. The Army of the Catholic League, after some resistance, having taken the Town of Hoxter by assault, the Imperialists made their victory exceeding bloody: sparing neither armed or unarmed, man, woman, or child, putting all to the Sword, and what the Sword could not spoil, they caused the fire to consume, and the dead corpses they cast into the river Weser: yea did most inhumanely and butcherly murder and hew in pieces, without respect either of age, sex, or condition: the Hessish General Lieutenant Melander hearing of the cruelty of the Imperialists, sending 1200. Horsemen before his Army against them, put above 500 to the Sword, and took 4. Companies of them prisoners.   

(126)  
june the seventh Anno 1634. Betwixt Landshut and Pfaffenhoven in Bavaria, Gustavus Horn having the pursuit of the Bavarian General john de Werth, cut in pieces 900. of the Bavarians, and john de Werth himself hardly escaped.   

(127)  
june the 14. Anno. 1634. General Field Martial Horn did reprise and take by assault the Town Aicha, put the most of the Townsmen and Soldiers to the sword, hanged the perfidious Commander, who contrary to the agreement and his promise, had repossessed himself of the place, from which he had so lately been ejected, before one of the gates, and burned the Town to the ground.   

(128)  
july the 12. Anno 1634. Duke Bernhard of Saxon Weimar and Gustavus Horn taking Landshut in Bavaria by assault, fired the Castle and Suburbs, pillaged the City, and put as many as they found in Arms to the Sword. Hither was Altringer the Bavarian Field Marshal sent with some troops to succour it, a man known to the world, for a prudent and valiant Soldier, but he in a battle being slain, with a shot through the head, his Army was routed.   

(129)  
Upon the 26. and 27. of August Anno 1634. the great, sore, and bloody Battle was fought before Norlingen, in which the King of Hungary together with the Bavarians and Spanish Army, under Cardinal Jnfant of Spain, prevailed against the two Swedish General's Duke Bernhard of Saxon Weimar, and Gustavus Horn, so that the Swedish Army being overlayed, and oppressed with multitude of the Imperialists, Spanish and Bavarian Forces, was forced to give ground, and so were beaten and disordered, that many of the old and best Infant●ria were slain, and diverse of the best Commanders killed, hurt, or taken prisoners: amongst others the valiant Gustavus Horn, who himself, together with the Fieldmarshall Cratz, the General Major Rostein, the General Major Schafelitzki, Colonel Hume, Lieutenant Colonel Stuart and Forbes, and other high and under Officers were taken prisoners. The young marquis Friderick of Anspach, the Lord Zerotin, Colonel, Sneidewind, which commanded as General Major, Colonel Wettberger, Colonel Grun, Colonel Lieutenant Willibart, Sergeant Major King, and seven Scots Captains, besides Lieutenants, Ensigns, and other Officers were slain upon the place of Battle. General Lieutenant Hoffkirchen, and many of other Officers and Commanders were wounded and hurt: what and how many of common Soldiers on both sides were slain, man had no certainty of it. After this bloody Encounter was ended, the City of Norlingen, being yielded to the King of Hungary.  

17 Ferdnand. Cardinal Jnfant of Spain  
Joined with the Jmperiall Camp at Norlingen 22 Aug: 1634. with: 12000 Italian & Spanish forces in witch fight he gained much glory & is Governer of Brabant. etc:    

(130)  
The Imperial Army came from thence, before the Imperial City of Hailbrun, and troubled the same with no Ordnance, but only with Granades, in such manner, that at once, there were set on fire, and burnt to the ground, above 140. houses. A Swedish Lieutenant Colonel Senger of Smidbergers' Regiment, commanding in the Town, being slain in a sally, and the Town taken, in the end of August. Anno 1634.   

(131)  
Whereas July the fifth Anno 1634. The Imperialists under command, of the Colonels Waldeck and Schelhammer, who brought together above 400. Horse and Foot to Neustat, did the second attempt to relief Hildesheim, were by the Protestants Army, under the Swedish General Commissary Anderson, and General Lieutenant Vsler defeated; within one hour they fled in a disordered confusion, and the rest of the Army, within a short space was so utterly routed, that of 2500. Horse, scarce 250. return to Neustat; their Foot Forces, being at the first 1500. were almost slain upon the place. About 1000 prisoners were taken, amongst which were two Lieutenants Colonels, two Majors, seven Ritmasters, three Captains, 11. Lieutenants 9 Cornets, and 13. Standards. The City of Hildesheim whereupon, when they within saw themselves deprived of all succour, july the 17. was delivered to the Swedes.   

(132)  
After the Battle at Lignitz, the Saxons Army under Lieutenant General Arnheim, marched towards Olaw, wherein the Imperial Governor Rostick, being advertised of the Saxons coming, burned the whole Town to the ground, and betook himself into the Castle: from thence the Saxons did go to Oels', wherein the Imperial Governor Don Johan de Languiall yielded, to the mercy of the Saxons, and was taken prisoner, with his 300. Soldiers; likewise in the pursuit of the Imperialists from Namslaw, took more than 100 prisoners of them, in the month of May Anno 1634.   

(133)  
Upon the 29. of june 1634. the Swedish General Bannier, entered into a set Battle with 15000. Imperialists, under the conduct of their General Coloredo, and got a noble victory, near the City of Griffenberg in Silesia, where the Imperialists lost some 4000 men, slain upon the place, and many Officers of account, were taken prisoners: 30. Cornets. 70. Ensigns, and 38. pieces of Ordnance were gotten by the Swedes, by this puissant Army.   

(134)  
july the fourth Anno 1634. The Saxons Army, though not with strong opposition took Sittaw in Silesia by assault; which issue of the assault was bloody on both sides; the Saxon Colonel Lieutenant Wanger was slain, by a bullet of four pound weight, with 50. common Soldiers, and the Master of the Horse, to the Duke Saxon Lawenburg, received a mortal wound: whereof he died few hours after. On the Imperial side within was slain the chief Commander, Lieutenant Colonel Fuchs, two Captains, and 60. Soldiers, the rest were taken prisoners, with 12. Ensigns, and two standards of the Enemy. The City being plundered by the Soldiers in the fury.   

(135)  
About this time, the Saxon Commander Donner, who was guarded with some 400. Horse, lighted upon the young Maximilian of Wallenstein, of the Imperial Army, who held his Rendezvous near Glatz in Silesia, routed his troops, carried away 300. prisoners, and amongst them two Captains.   

(136)  
As the Saxon Colonel Daub taken the City of Elnbogen, upon the river Eger, he by a stratagem, though it was both well fortified, and well manned, and had but one way of coming to it, quickly entered, and put the Imperial Garrison therein to the Sword. July the 15. Anno 1634.   

(137)  
At this time, the Saxon General Lieutenant Arnheim, and the Swedish General Bannier being sat down before the City of Prage, with their Army, they played upon the City, with their Canons, for the space of three days, and were replayed unto from thence in the like kind, with great loss on both sides. 900. men of the Saxons, and Swedes there being slain, of the Imperial Garrison within consisting of 14000. men, under the Command of Coloredo, and Don Balthasar, two expert and valiant Soldiers, which neither omitted the fortification of the City against assaults, nor shunned the danger of fight, lost their lives some 600. after this the Swedes and Saxons marching off.   

(138)  
The 25. of August Anno 1634. General Bannier coming with his Army, before the Town of Satz, distant from Egra three Germane miles, upon the Borders of Bohemia, the Imperialists within standing out after his summons, took it by force, putting all to the sword in it.  

19 john Bannier General of the Infantry  
Came into Germany with the king of Sweden 1630. employed afterwards from the king with a strong Army towards Tyrole Bavaria Lower Saxony and Sil●sia: did admirable good service in the Battel o● Leipzig 1631. is yet still General & Chief Commander of all the Swedish Army in Pomerland and upon those borders, where he lately the .3. Oct: 1636. obtained a memorable Victory against the Imp: & Saxons Forces at Wi●stock    

(139)  
The Swedish and Saxons Armies jointly marching forward in Bohemia, did obtain a bloody victory on the Enemy's side, in taking by assault the Town of Limpurg; wherein did lie four Companies of Imperial Dragooners, and three of Foot; the Soldiers assisted with the Citizens, and Boors, and women, threw burning pitch and scalding water upon the Protestants Army, made what resistance they were able, but their unadvised Action, and desperate obstinacy, provoked the invaders to anger, which was not pacified, but with the death of above 2000 persons in that City. The principal Commander in the midst of the slaughter with 150. Soldiers retired into the Castle, craved quarter, but was likewise put to the Sword with all those, that were with him. After this cruel victory, some Imperial succouts were coming to relief this place, but those the Swedes encountered also, slew a great many, took the Wagons and carriages, and forced the rest to a confused flight August. the 6. Anno 1634.   

(140)  
August the 12. 1641. General Bannier advancing with his Army towards Brundeis, where he first got the bridge from the Imperialists, and broke it down, then cut in pieces 300. Crabats, which were hindered in their flight, and lastly took the City.   

(144)  
The fourth of January 1635. The Imperial Commander Bamberger, who had formerly commanded in Vdenheim, for the elector of Tryer as the Swedes took it the year before, using the benefit of the frost, took it forcibly again, from the French, and German Soldiers, that till then held it, by an assault. Six Companies, the most of them in heat of blood, were put to the Sword therein: the Governor himself was taken prisoner.  

18 Piccolomini a great Commander first of Walsteins' Army after Pappenheim was mortally wounded in the bloody Battle of Lutzen.  
Advanced with his own and the Cavallery which Pappeheini had seconded the Jmperiall Army with extremity of resolution, was twice or thrice shot: & whereas his Regiment was that which: first Charged when the King of Swen: was slain Walstein, reunrded him as much as was better, than 100000 pounds' Starlings. 1632 Commanded afterwards the principàll part of the k: of Hun● Army, was sent to assist the Spanish Cardinal Aᵒ: 1637    

(145)  
January the 17. Anno 1634. Count Lodowick of Nassaw Dillenburg took the strong Fort Braunfels, three English miles from the City of Mentz, to the terror of the Imperialists, 1400. of whom being quartered thereabout, by assault, having mastered the outworks, fell upon the head watch, whom he put to the Sword, applied his petards to the gates one, he fired the rest of the gates and so entered, one Lieutenant, two Captains, three Lieutenants, one Cornet, three Ancients, and many under Officers, and 156. common Soldiers were taken prisoners, besides the loss of many, who were slanie.   

(146)  
February the 28. Anno 1635. A sharp Gonflict fell out betwixt the Imperialists, and the French, together with Duke Bernhard of Saxon Weimar troops, before the City of Speyer, in which the French and Swedish prevailed against the Imperialists, that rhey retired towards the Fort of the same City, 800. of them being partly slain in the Battle, and in part taken prisoners by Duke Bernhard. After this Duke Bernhard fell upon the gates of the Suburbs, though it was guarded with 400. men, 300. of these were put to the Sword, and the rest saved by the mercy of the Conqueror. On the Assailants side, were slain about sixty men, and about that number wounded. They of quality were these, a French Baron, Commander of the Regiment of Normandy. one Lieutenant, one Ensign, and Captain more of the French Army. Of the Enemies were slain 600. After this bloody Encounter the Imperial Garrison in Speyer, being no● brought to 500 Foot, and 300. Horse, 900 others being slain in this short time of the siege and many taken prisoners, yielded upon discretion. Meternick the late Commander and Hartemberg Commander of the military men, and God's the Colonel, who was dangerously wounded, with 80. Officers became prisoners, to the Swedish and French Generals. This City of Speyer, was first taken by Mansfeld, then retaken by Tilly, lately recovered by the King of Sweden, reposessed by John de Werth, conquered again by the French in this siege, and afterwards taken in again by Gallas.   

(147)  
The 21. of March, Anno 1635. The Earl of Eberstein, General Major of the Hassian Army, surprised and defeated 1200. Crabats, and obtained a noble conquest near Hirchsfeld in Hassia. Jllo Lieutenant Colonel, who was commander of these Crabats, himself being shot through the head, most of his Soldiers & Officers were slain, and the rest, which escaped with their lives, made prisoners, whom with their baggage, and 500 goodly Horses the Count of Eberstein, Governor of the same City, brought into cassel.   

(148)  
The strong and goodly City of ulm being already blocked up in the end of February, Anno 1635. by the Imperial General Gallas, expected every day to be besieged. In the beginning of March. Anno 1635. six Companies of their Garrison sallying out of the City, fell upon 300. Crabats, which were lodged in a neighbour village, slew them every man, and took their Colonel alive and brought him into the City: also in the end of April, a Swedish Colonel, who had escaped out of prison from the Imperialists, assisted with the main body of the Garrison, having in one Sally utterly rooted three whole Imperial Regiments.   

(149)  
The seventh of june. Anno 1635. The Imperial General Lieutenant Hatzfeld, for Gallas being advanced into the lower Palatinat, besieged the town Keiserslautern, battered it with his Canon, made breaches in the wall, assaulted it valiantly several times, and was in the end beaten off, with the loss of 1500. men, by the valiant Swedish Colonel Schombeck Commander in the same Town. But the Imperialists fell violently again upon the City, the 7. of June, carried by their number and desperate manner, and in the fury, in revenge of their Enemies, 3000. of whom were lost in this siege, put not to the sword, those only, whom they found in arms, but old men also, women, children, and little Infants, without any condition or distinction. Only the Colonel Schombeck, of all the Swedish Regiment shrewdly wounded, became a prisoner to Hatzfeld, and some Citizens saved themselves by much entreaty, and promise of a large beneficence.   

(150)  
July the 19 Anno 1635. Duke Bernhard of Saxon Weimar, and the French Cardinal the Valette, who were in all about 18000. Foot, and 10000 Horse well disciplined, fell upon the Rear of the Imperial General Gallas, and cut of some 1600. of his Foot, and above 1000 Horsemen, near Lanstell.   

(151)  
The Caesarian Field Martial Goetz, marching with his Army towards Hessenland, summoned Zoest, a small City upon the River Lip, which refusing to yield, was by his Army besieged, and almost burnt to the ground, by the Granades cast out of the Camp the 9 of September. Anno 1635.   

(152)  
About the middle of October. Anno 1636. A bloody and sore Battle, was fought at Witstock, in which the Swedish General john Bannier got a glorious victory, against the Elector of Saxony, and the Imperialists, where was a hard and long doubtful Combat. Of the Imperial chief Commanders were slain; the two General Majors Wilsdorp, and Goltz, and Marazini himself deadly wounded, and five Colonels slain, whereof three are particularised by name, Wilzberger; young Hatzfeld and Kunigell besides Rittmasters, Captains, and diverse Officers, and by 7000. of common Soldiers slain upon the place of Battle, and many others more, which fell by the Sword, of the Swedes in the prosecution, six whole Regiments as Coloredoes, Wendensales, Walsteins', Goltz, Eracts, and Pappenheimes, being totally ruined. Prisoners were taken 1500. amongst which were 170. Officers, and 146. women of quality, wives to the Caesarian, and Saxon Colonels, and their Officers. 143. Cornets and Ensigns. 14. pieces of Ordnance, and 8000. Wagons were left to the Conquerors. On the Swedes side were slain 1000 and upwards, amongst were of account the two Colonels, Berghawer, and Conigham, four Lieutenants Colonels, and sundry Ritmasters, Captains, and under Officers. Colonel Cracaw, Linse, and Gun were wounded.   

(153)  
The Fourth of November Anno 1636. The Swedish Army under General Bannier, fell upon 300. Saxons Horsemen; the avantguard of seven Regiments, under the Saxon General Major Dehne, near the Fort of Mansfelt whom the Swedish environed round about, put the greater part to the Sword, and took the rest both Officers, and common Soldiers prisoners.   

(154)  
About this time the Swedish General Bannier receiving intelligence, of two Imperial Regiments enquartered not far from Helmstat, routed them totally, and cut in pieces the most part of them.   

(155)  
November the 15. Anno 1636. The Count of Eberstein, General Major to the Landgrave of Hessen, hearing of the Imperialists march, and how the Swedes pursuit after them, made all the haste he could to stop their journey, falling upon the Reere-guard, commanded by General Goetz near Rotenburg, upon the river Fulda, where being compassed in behind and before, by the Swedes and Hassians, four of his best Regiments, were cut in pieces, and also defeated. three pieces of Canon. 13. Ensigns, 300. Horse being taken; 800. Imperialists more were also not far from this place, from the Hassian Commander Gunterot slain and taken.   

(156)  
December the 16. Anno 1636. The Imperial Commander Geleen being upon his march, with four Regiments towards Westphalia, to unite his Army to Goetz and Hatzfeld the two Imperial General Majors, was encountered by the Swedish General Major Stalhanse about Ma●ningen, who slew 700. of them upon the place, took near as many prisoners, and amongst the rest, the two Colonels, Manteuffell and Ramsdorff, gained three pieces of Ordnance, and pursued the rest almost to Wurtzburg, General Geleen and the Count of Furstenberg saved themselves with much difficulty.   

(157)  
In the beginning of january Anno 1637. the Swedish General Major Stallhanse, who having passed the river Sala, cut off the bridge behind him, in three several Skirmishes with the Imperial Commander Hatzfeld, who led the Avantguard of ten Regiments, ruinated four of them utterly not without much loss of his own party. After this the Hassian troops, after a a sharp conflict with the Imperial Count Budianis, and his Crabats, cut in pieces 300. of them, himself was forced to flight, and carried with them 26. p●risoners, all or most of them of note, and eminent Commanders in the Army. In another place the Hassians falling upon four Companies Caesarians, which lay in a small City, put them all to the Sword, and returned home with 150. Horse and other good booty, and baggage, of which they had spoilt the Imperialists.   

(158)  
A bloody timefell out betwixt the Imperial Generals, and Banniers Forces, March the 23. Anno 1637. The Swedes advancing with six full Regiments, burned the City and Castle of Stralen to the ground, and surprised one of the Caesarian Quarters near Wurtzen, carried away 300. Wagons laden with baggage: the Caesarians burning hereupon many fair towns to the ground, that 44. several fires within two Leagues compass, might at once been discovered to the eye. Colonel Slang being sent by Bannier with 1500. Horse towards Leisnick, and Eylenburg, in his return at Wurzen, defeated two Imperial Regiments, carried away their baggage, slew 600. upon the place, takes many prisoners, amongst which were two Ritmasters, five Lieutenants, and many other Officers. General Bannier in the absence of Colonel Slang, purposely to bring a general terror upon the Army of the Imperialists, falling upon 2000 Imperial Horse, whom he defeated and routed utterly. This victory incited him to proceed further, and appearing in Battle arry before the Enemy's Camp, another sharpfightfell out, where the Swedes encountered with three Imperial Regiments, charged them so furiously, that about 300. of them were slain, and so many drowned in the river.   

(159)  
The Bavarian General John de Werth with the stren●gt of his army, which consisting 4300. Horses, and as many Foot, four several times did assault Duke Bernhard Saxon Weimar, near Ensisheim, but was still repulsed with loss of above 1000 in several conflicts. 500 dead corpses being found dead up●n the place, and all the Officers of one whole Regiment slain, and so Duke Bernhard with the loss o● 130. of his men, got a happy victory. After this Battle was ended, Duke Bernhard with the Rhinegrave, took by assault the Town Ensisheim, and slew as many as they found in Arms. The Officers were made prisoners, and the rest came to serve under Duke Bernhards' Colours.   

(160)  
June the 5. Anno 1637. The Imperial General John de Werth with his own forces, and 24. Cornets of Crabats, commanded by Jsolani, going to relief Kentzingen, was beaten and defeated by Duke Bernhard of Saxon Weimar, who slew and routed 500 of his Foot, and three squadrons of his Cavalry, with the loss of 100 of his own.   

(161)  
june the 6. Anno 1637. General Bannier lighting upon some certain Companies of the Saxons Commander in the Town of Meisen, own Foot Regiment enclosed them with his Army, and put them all to the Sword, not leaving one to carry news of his fellow's misfortune. This done, by a stratagem he presently surprised the Town, who came also in with his Cavalry, made himself Master of the City, putting also to the Sword, some few only excepted, which saved themselves in the Castle with the Governor Meurer.   

(162)  
June the 15. Anno 1637. The Imperial Gommander Mercy in behalf of Charles Duke of Lorraine with 13. Regiments of Horse and four of Foot, to hinder Duke Bernhard with his Army, from passing the river Soane. Duke Bernhard having notice of the Lorraines design, put his men into Battalia, towards the River, where after a great Encounter Duke Beruhard got the victory near Sangre upon the borders of Lorraine. All the three german Regiments of the Imperialists, 50. persons excepted, were slain, or brought into captivity 500 dead corpses of them being found upon the place, and 900. taken prisoners. 3000. Horses gained by this victory. Prisoners of note were these, the Count of Reux Colonel, two Lieutenants Colonels. ten Captains of Horse, 9 Lieutenants, 14. Cornets, 13 Quarter-Masters, 37. Corporals. 13. Trumpets. 426. common Soldiers, and 400. Dragooners. But 16. Ensigns gained by the victory, were sent to the King of France. This defeat was seconded by another; Mercy having rallyed up his broken Army with 2000 Horse, was again defeated by the Rhinegrave, who slew 400. of them upon the place, put the rest to flight, and pursued them to Veson.  

Bernhard Duke of Saxon Wemar first General▪ of a 1000 Horse & Foot of the king of Sweden Army about the Bodensee Danuby & in Bavaria. 1632  
Then was left with half of the King's Army in Franconia by his great Valour & manhood obtained victory in the Battle of Lutzen: half the Swedish Army was committed to him after the Kings of Sweden death is now General for the King of France and the confederate Princes in Lorraine Alsatia & about the Rhine. where in this present year the 3 of March. 1638, got aglorious Victory against the Imperialist before the Town of Rhinfelden.    

(163)  
August the first, Anno 1637. the Swedish Colonel Wrangell, being advertised that in new Brandenburg, lay ten companies of Imperial Dragooners, making in all about 700. Horse, under the command of their Colonel Debroll, and 300. other Horse commanded by Winsen, drew out 800. of the most valiant in the Army at Anclam, marched directly against them, surprised and slew the major part of them, took 300. prisoners, with three Lieutenant Colonels, two Ritmasters, and three Captains, with two Cornets, gained in the Battle.   

(164)  
August the second Anno 1637. Slang the Swedish Colonel was attended with the like good Fortune falling upon two Brandenburgish Regiments, under the conduct of Colonel Dobitz, ●eere Shiffelbein, he surprised them suddenly, defeated them totally, and put them all to the Sword, except 200. whom he made Captives.   

(165)  
About the midst of August, Anno 1637. the Imperial General Gallas falling upon the Castle of Vckermund, where the young Lieutenant Colonel Wrangell lay, took it by assault, and put the Swedes to the Sword.   

(166)  
The third of March new style, Anno 1638. Duke Bernhard of Saxon Weima got a glorious victory before Rheinfelden, where he the Imperial Army under Command General john de Werth twice entirely defeated, having slain in the first skirmish, about the pass of Bicken 400. and 600. taken prisoners, with 10. Cornets of the Enemy; and in the second Combat betwixt the same City, Rheinfelden, and Lauffenberg, 1200. more cut in pieces upon the place of Battle, and 2500. were taken prisoners, the most of them Officers, and men of quality, as General john de Werth himself, together with the Italian Duke of Savelly, General Lieutenant Enckenford, General Major Sperreuter, besides 17. Colonels and Lieutenants Colonels, 106. Rittmasters, Captains and Ancients, with 110. Cornets and Ensigns. On Duke Bernhards fide slain not above 500 in the Battle, but amongst them Lieftenent General john Philip Rhinegrave, and some other Officers.   

(167)  
Upon the fourth of March. Anno 1638. The Imperial General Klitzingen with 200. Horse and Foot, surprised and took in by assault the strong Town and Fort Gartz in Pomeren, wherein all that he found in Arms of the Swedish garrison, were put to the Sword, taking prisoner in it General Major Trumund, two Lieutenant Colonels, eleven Captains with 12. Ensigns.   
FINIS.   

ERRATA.  
NVmb. 19 lin● 11. for no both, read on both. by numb▪ 20. in the mar. for 2627. r. 1623. numb. 22. l. 1. fo● August, r. August. numb. 22. l. 12. for Stick r. Slick. after the numb. 23. for numb. 42. r. 24. numb. 32. l. 6. for fight r. flight. numb. 52. l. 5. for Baiudtzen, r. Bauditz●● numb. 53. for resistancie, r. resistance. after numb. 54. r. 55. which is left out. numb. 72. l. 6. for 1631. ● 1632. numb. 114. l. 3. for and r. unto. numb. 122. ● 9 deal. and. numb. 129. l. 31. for Nortingen r. No●linge● numb. 143. l. 4. for was, r. were. by numb. 144 an● 145. in the m. for 1634. r. 1635. Vlt. pag. for 1635. r. 1638.  
Here is also a more large Relation of th● Batttell lately fought for Rhinefelden betwixt john de Werth, and Duke Bernhar● Saxon Weimar, and with more circumstances, as is mentioned. Numb. 166.  
21 John de werth a Bavarian Commander took in the City of Anspach, and was rewarded with the honr. of the Marquisat there of by the K: of Hungary  
Made an invasion in Francomay e 10 Au: 1634 afteryebattel of Norlingen being Joined withy e Duke of Lorraine, took in many places in the uper Al●atia, had a Fortunate attempt againsty e French in Picardi 1636, did go with Picolom●nito Luxinberg, returned with his Army into A●satia, 1637▪ where he had many Encounters withy e Rhine grave and Saxon Weimar, who took● him 〈◊〉 Battle before Rhin●●ld 31 1638