ADMIRABLE AND MEMORABLE HISTORIES CONTAIning the wonders of our time. Collected into FRENCH out of the best Authors. By I. GOULART. And out of French into English. By ED. GRIMESTON.  
The Contents of this book follow the Author's advertisement to the reader.  
Imprinted at London by GEORGE ELD 1607.   

To the Honourable Knight, Sir Walter Cope.  
Sir,  
IT may be held indiscretion, that having lately escaped Shipwreck, I should so suddenly thrust out again from a safe Port into a tempestuous Sea of men's humours, and subject myself to a new Censure. I must confess that silence had been more secure, yet I may freely say, that neither conceit of mine own ability, nor any vain affectation of applause, did make me run into this danger, but only a desire to spend such idle hours as I could steal from my daily attendance in Court, in such sort as others might reap some content thereby. At the request of my friend I undertook the translation of this work: the title whereof shows the subject to be extraordinary, and if many of these Histories shall seem very strange, miraculous, and it may be fabulous, for that they exceed our common sense & apprehension, I must with monsieur GOVIART, refer them to the Authors, out of whose writings they are collected, who being learned and judicious, it is to be presumed would not incur so foul an imputation, as to be reputed Liars. There is nothing mine but a bare tanslation, the which I have faithfully performed; Such as it is, (being this last Lents exercise,) I have presumed to offer unto you, as a pledge of thankfulness for many kind favours. If it be not answerable to your worth, Impute it to my defects, and not unto my will, whose desire is to give you better satisfaction, that the old saying may not be verified in me. Tritum est, perire quod facis ingrato. If it shall like you, I know it will please many, and myself shall reap a desired content, with which hope I will rest.  
Yours ever to be commanded. EDW. GRIMESTON.   

The Author's advertisement to the courteous Reader.  
I Have noted for some years many thousands of Histories collected out of sundry Authors, to whose consciences I refer you, engaging myself for nothing of their writings, but a faithful collection which I have made, & yet thinking that they would offer nothing that were false or foolish to be published, without good consideration. I call them Admirable, for that the reasons of many of them are far beyond my apprehension, and that to my judgement they are miraculous. They are also Memorable, for the contentment, instruction and consolation which good and quiet souls may gather thereby. I have very seldom exceeded the age that went last before us, and will forbear it more in those books that shall follow, If GOD will give me leave. The History of our times is an abridgement of all the wonders of forepassed ages: Do not blame me if I were desirous to offer unto you some patterns, to revive your thoughts. When you shall have seen the continuance, if you shall remember any thing worthy to be left to our posterity, you may surmount our example. It shallbe easy for you. I do invite and conjure you. GOD cannot be better known and reverenced of us in his judgements and mercies. Those which can perform it in a higher style, will not disdain my weak affection. As for others which cannot or will not do any thing but censure and inveigh, I wish them true understanding and a good conscience. In my opinion GOD in this new age doth raise up men, who in divers places are careful to note in journals and Annals, all that we see worthy to be reserved for instruction of our successors. I would not set out in colours these plain Histories, which I represent unto you. As good stomaches have no need of saulces, so strong spirits are content with a simple reading, the which they study to convert into quickening substance. The end of this collection and of the following, shallbe Fear GOD, and keep his Commandments: this is the duty of man. For GOD will call every work into judgement, be it good or evil.  
GOULART.   

The Printer to the Reader.  
IF any think these Histories strange, he may see the very title says as much: And it is good for an author to be as good as his title: And this being a translation, it must be strange. If any think that by the name of Histories, all should be true, he may know Historiographers confess they may write as they list. And Lucian entitles his most fabulous narrations a true History: And if these be but tales, yet either he is Master, or he cities you his tales-maister, (more than most men will do) And very tales are heard or read by most of us with good delight. These from good authors to good purpose are in good sort set down. Then sit thee down and make thy good of them: for have thou a good memory and they will prove memorable: that nor thou repent reading, nor he writing, nor we translating and Imprinting. This is all, and of this make thy best.   

A Table of the Chapters of this Book.  

A Strange accident of a young Maid. fol. 1.  
Accusation false severely punished. fol. 7.  
Advertisements marvelous. fol. 20.  
Adulteries punished. fol 22.  
Agility and force. fol. 36.  
Ambition ridiculous and vain. fol. 44.  
Apparitions marvelous. fol. 45.  
Apparitions Satanical. fol. 49.  
Apparitions in the Air. fol. 51  
Appetite of eating and drinking lost. fol. 71.  
Appetites strange. fol. 72.  
Age grown young again. fol. 616.   

B  
BArbarous people made mild and gentle through wisdom. fol. 87.  
Bodily strength. fol. 277.  
Blood letting wonderful. fol. 539   

C  
Comets. fol 129  
Compassion violent. fol. 133  
Conceptions & deliveries before they were of age. fol. 134  
Continency notable. fol. 135  
Consciences guilty. fol. 138  
Cruelty punished. fol. 143  
Children, many memorable Accidents before and after their births. fol. 214. And many borne at one birth. ibid. Delivered at divers times of one bigness by superfetation. fol. 224. Dead in their Mother's wombs and put forth by strange means. fol. 228. Miraculously preserved. fol. 240. Ingrateful and perverse. fol. 246. Brought up amongst Wolves, fol. 292. Supposed or practised. fol. 255. Of stone. fol. 256.  
Caesarian section or cutting out of the Mother's belly. fol. 256  
Commotions caused by exactions. fol. 268  
Cure extraordinary. fol. 289  
cursings detestable. fol. 368   

D  
Deliverances notable and by extraordinary means. fol. 148  
Demoniackes, with examples of divers illusions of Satan. fol. 161.  
Desperate persons. fol. 185  
Death worthy of observation. fol. 447   

E  
Earthquakes. fol. 565   

F  
Fires great and extraordinary. fol. 209  
Fantastics. fol. 274  
Fury horrible. fol. 248  
Fasting wonderful. fol. 352  
Father fertile in his offspring. fol. 411  
Floods and overflowings wonderful. fol. 525   

G  
Giants. fol. 244  
Gout and one lame of it preserved. fol. 290  
Gould and silver contemned. fol. 530  
Grave desired. fol. 541   

H  
HEart of man divers histories thereof. fol. 123  
Hail and rain prodigious. fol. 504   

I  
Jealousy horrible. fol. 292  
Impiety punished. fol. 296  
Imagination. fol. 296  
Impostures notable. fol. 304  
Imprecations profane and blasphemous speeches. fol. 319  
judgement rashly delivered. fol. 333  
judgement famous and remarkable. fol. 339  
judges no judges, but most unjust and detestable. fol. 345  
justice. fol. 355   

L  
LIght hurts proved mortal. fol. 89  
Liberality. fol. 358   

M  
Man's body hardened and become a stone. fol. 127  
Man before Age. fol. 292  
Magnanimity. fol. 361  
Marriages secret and unequal unfortunate. fol. 362  
Marriage lamentable and doleful. fol. 460  
Melancolick, mad, frantic, furious and enraged persons. fol. 370  
Memory and the excellency thereof. fol. 406. Lost and recovered. fol. 408  
Mothers fertile in lineage issued from them. fol. 411  
Mothers vigorous and strong. fol. 412  
Mother and Children preserved from death. fol. 413  
Murderers discovered by strange means and punished. fol. 415  
Modesty singular in yielding to a severe censure. fol. 444  
Mocker mocked. fol. 445   

N  
NAture changed. fol. 450  
Nature wonderful. fol. 451  
Nature recompensed divers ways. fol. 520   

O  
Old Men. fol. 615   

P  
Pain and the contempt thereof. fol. 414  
Persons that lived a long time without eating or drinking. fol. 429.  
Passions, of sorrow, joy, jealousy fear and heaviness. fo. 465  
Perjury punished. fol. 503  
Predictions. fol. 509  
Prisoners freed. fol. 511  
Process ended by extraordinary means. fol. 513  
Progrostications dangerous. ibid.   

R  
RAsh attempts punished. fol. 77  
Ransom wonderful. fol. 514  
Rape miserable. fol. 515  
Ravishers punished by a valiant hand. fol. 519  
Resolutions generous and memorable. fol. 526  
Resemblance or likeness of persons. fol. 527  
Ruins, strange, pitiful and wonderful. fol. 531. 532  
Rashness miserable. fol. 556   

S  
SWallowers wherein is contained marvelous Histories of some that have swallowed divers strange things into the stomach, and what hath ensued. fol. 78  
Swallowers that have been in danger by things sticking in their throats and what pitiful accidents have followed. fo. 82  
Strang, horrible, and very pitiful Accidents. fol. 113  
Sleepers marvelous and wonderful. fol. 199  
Satan and his strange efficacy and power. fol. 205  
Spirits prodigious. fol. 271  
Sparkles of fire. fol. 273  
Sorceries, Impostures & strange illusions of sathan discovered. fol. 542  
Sweat bloody. fol. 555   

T  
thieves and murderers. fol. 101  
Tooth of gold in the mouth of a Child of Silesia. fol. 183  
Thunder and lightning. fol. 280  
thieves cunning and notable. fol. 356  
Turkish pillgrime strange and wonderful. fol. 501  
treasures found, spoiled, lost, sought for again vainly & dangerously. fol. 557  
Traitors punished. fol. 564   

V  
VAlour. fol. 574  
Vanity. fol. 587  
Vanity of the world represented in state. ibid.  
Vanity furions. fol. 590  
Visions strange, fearful and horrible. fol. 620  
Visions▪ in the air, strange and wonderful. fol. 640   

W  
WOman in child— bed that abounded with milk. fol. 19  
Wounds cured. fol. 90  
Women that have become Men. fol. 275  
Worms in man's body. fol. 593   
FINIS.   
ADMIRABLE AND MEMORABLE Histories of our Time.  

A strange accident of a young Maid.  
CORNELIUS GEMMA, a Physic reader at Louvain, in the end of the fourth Chapter, of his second book, of a work entitled, de divinis Na●…urae Caracterismis, sets down an admirable History at large; the which I will relate as briefly as I may. A young Maiden remaining (saith he) near unto me, whose Father was a Cooper: being fifteen years old, of a good constitution of Body, fair and of a good spirit, of a melancholy complexion mixed with sanguine: her Name was KATHERINE GAULTHIER, fell sick and weak, through divers accidents. About the month of january in the year 1571. her monthly terms advanced twice or thrice: but being stayed, presently through the violence of her infirmity, they caused a great weariness over all her body. It was suspected she had been poisoned by a certain Woman of an ill fame, who had given her a piece of a Cake. Eating it, she felt it painful to swallow. After the which, she began to feel strange pains at her stomach; she grew lean, vomited sometimes, her stomach failed her, and she felt a dysinesse in her Head, with other accidents which torment Women with Child, especially in the 4. and 7. month, For about mid june she was subject to Fevers & some kind of Convulsions. Her pains did in like sort increase; so as like a mad Woman she tormented herself, growing big, pale & shortwinded, and in the end, she was so oppressed with pain, as she grew black in the Face, like one that had been strangled. She was so tormented as four men could scarce hold her, for casting herself from her bed to the ground, there was no kind of Convulsion, but did afflict her. These pangs having continued by fits unto the 9 month, her Parents, began to fly unto the Physicians. I was first called, because I dwelled nearest. But being from home, they repaired to Master BEAUSARD, who considering of this disease thought she had been troubled with Worms. It happened after many grievous pangs, that Nature working by her force, made her to void a quick Eel at her siege, the which was presently brought unto me. It was a very Eel, great as a man's thumb, and a foot and a half long, with a good proportion, and all parts perfect. Three days before it came forth, both the Maid and those that were about her, heard a great noise, and as it were a hissing in her belly. And being come forth, the Maid said: That she had felt the Eel put forth her head before, and draw it back again, and then to thrust forth suddenly and with violence. This Eel remaining among the excrements, seemed for a great space dead, but being put into a pot of water, it did stir very strongly. After the voiding thereof, the extreme pangs which had so much tormented her, began to cease. But the Eel which they had ripped and cleansed, being hanged up whereas neither Cat not any other beast could reach it, vanished in an instant. Soon after the Maid began to cast up great abundance of water, the which I came to see being like unto urine, and of a strange taste, as the Patient said▪ This vomiting continued 15. days, in every one of the which, she voided about 24. pounds' weight of water at the mouth. I report not these things by hearsay, but for that I did see and touched them with my hands. I was no less amazed to see, that besides this great abundance of water which she voided at her mouth, she made water in great abundance, twice or thrice a day, without any swelling of her belly, or any other part of her body: neither did she drink above one cup of Wine, Beer or other liquor in a day. I asked her, if she felt no pain in one of the Miseraicall veins? She answered me, that her left side had always troubled her much, since the voiding of the Eel, and that before, she had felt some heaviness in that place: but since she was troubled with great gnawing and pricking, which made her to cry out, when I did but touch it with my finger. After she had vomited so much water, she began to cast forth lumps of hair at her mouth, some as long as a man's finger, some more, some less, such as we see fall from old Dogs, in great quantity for certain days, enough to have stust whole dozen of Tennis Balls. She cast them up with great heaving at the heart and much pain, falling one night into wonderful transies. Having found her in a manner, like unto one that was ready to give up the Ghost, and carefully observing all things, being laid upon her belly, I did see her cast herself so so dainlayd from one side unto the other, as if she had not been presently staid, she had beat her head against the wall, oragainst the bed post. She held her hands so strongly together, as it was impossible to open them. Sometimes she beat her breast so violently, as she was like to kill herself. This fit continued from seven of the clock at night until nine, and then she knew not any one. Oftentimes (as in the suffocation of the Matrix) she grew wonderfully red, and seemed very weary and toiled, with some beginning of a Fever. Once or twice she foamed about the mouth. And an other time, being in the extremity of her fit, she fell suddenly into a great laughter, and then presently wept bitterly. Being come unto herself, and falling presently into a long ecstasy, she began in an instant to speak, as if she had addressed herself unto GOD, holding her hands up to Heaveh, she spoke these words in effect. O great GOD; seeing thy beauty is so great, and incredible, how long shall we remain here? when wilt thou take me out of this World, that I may enjoy thee? having said thus, as it were awaking and looking on them that were about her, she said: Which of you hath done me this wrong to call me back into this valley of misery, and into the prison of darkness, when as I did rest so sweetly, and did sport myself in the goodliest Gardens that could be imagined? I do not think that a simple and ignorant Maid, (as this was) could utter such words but in ecstasy. In the mean time she cast up great lumps of hair mixed with much white matter, and very thick: and sometimes like unto the dung of Pigeons or Geese. In this abundance of filth appeared little pieces of wood and shreds of Parchment. A little after she had an other vomiting of a matter as black as coals; you would have said properly it had been Ink, or rather coals beaten to powder and mixed with water, the which continued a good while, two or three pounds every day, sometimes with such store of white hair, long & hard, as it would have made a good Ball. After two days, she did vomit about two pounds of pure blood, as if a vain had been opened. This monstrous casting continued a whole week, coming still at a certain hour: and then the fits of the Epilepsy wherewith she was daily tormented ceased, the which notwithstanding continued sometime, once in three days, and in the end every seventh day. In the mean time she did still cast hair, but not so abundantly as before: but blacker and shorter, as if they had been cut small, and with it a slimy humour, like unto thick matter.  
About the midst of September, she did vomit great pieces of parchment, half a span long, like unto the thick and fleshy skin of a man's body. Afterwards she cast up others, that were thinner, but all black. In the end she did vomit some that were very thin, but strong, amongst the which there were three a foot long made in fashion of lozenges, with strange marks and figures. After these skins, followed an infinite number of stones, which she did cast up at a certain hour every night, with great noise and sounding, such as is heard in walls that are pulled down: some were thick, others pointed, unequal in form, and of a dark colour: they were all small, and yet such as they did still fear the maid would have been strangled: some were covered with Chalk, and cymented together, in such sort, as they might be said to have been pulled out of a wall. Once in my presence she did vomit a pointed stone, as big as two Chest-nuts. This stone remained above a quarrer of an hour in her throat, during the which she had no pulse nor respiration, so as laying a light feather upon her mouth, it did not move: her hands and feet grew cold, and her body stiff, as if it had been an Image. Thinking that she had finished her course, and that pain had ended all her miseries. I went out of the chamber, saying that she was dead: when as the Mother called me suddenly back again, saying, that her daughter did stir, and opened her eyes. As soon as I was returned, she did cast up this stone with great violence: I did see it come forth, and heard the noise thereof falling into a basin, the which did amaze both myself, and all that were in the Chamber. At the same instant she did spit out a piece of wood as big as one's thumb, but with less difficulty than the stone: and withal some black hairs, but few. There followed after an other accident almost incredible, wherewith the maid had almost been choked, for she did vomit up a bone of a Triangle form, solid without, and hollow and spongious within. The next day she cast up little bones of divers forms and proportions. Amongst all these were seen stones and hair, and then pieces of Glass and Copper. CORNELIUS GEMMA sets down the remedies which he did apply, and maintains, that part of her infirmity grew by natural causes, and part by the Impostures and illusions of the Devil, who was a chief Agent in these accidents which we have reported. This History is written by MARCELLUS DONATUS in his second Book of his Admirable Histories of Physic, the first Chapter.   

A false accusation severely punished.  
Master JULIAN TABOVE the King's Attorney general in the Parliament of Chambery, being incensed for some admonitions that were made unto him by the Court, goes into the Country, and engageth his honour, by an accusation which he framed against Master RAYMOND PELISON Precedent, JOHN BOISONNE Priest, LEWIS GAUSLERANT called ROZET, GRAFFINS' and other councillors of the said Court, charging them with many corruptions and falsehoods under his hand, both before the great Council, and the Parliament of Grenoble, upon thirteen Acts proceeding from the foresaid Precedent PELISSON, and the above named Councillors. The first was a sentence given in the said Parliament of Chambery for the Count de la Chambre, the 11. of May 1539. The second a decree for Master ANDREW PILLET, the 13. of june the same year. Other two decrees for the Bishop of Morienne, the 19 of March, and 20. of December, in the year 1540 The 5. the admonitions dated the 11. 13. and 18. of january 1541. made and delivered to the said TABOVE, the 1. of February 1542. The 6. a Commission given by the said Court of Chambery to the said BOISSONNE, the 6. of February 1542. The 7. the Articles sent to the said BOISSONNE the 25. of February 1542. The eight, other admonitions made to the said TABOVE, and a sentence given the 23. of February, the same year. The 9 a sentence pronounced in the said Court, the 23. of December, the same year. The 10. a Commission given to Master NICHOLAS de la CHESNAY, Councillor in the same Court. The 11. a Letter delivered unto unto him, and written in the name of the said Court, to the Chancellor of France, the 1. of April 1545.  
The 12. an Answer made by the judges of the said Parliament of Chambery the 17. of December 1541. to the advertisements sent unto the King by the said TABOVE, termed in the Process, the five points. The 13. and last, a sentence given in the said Court, the 23. of june, in the year 1540 touching a suit betwixt the King's Attorney general and the Lord of Eschelle. This matter being delivered unto the King, and found hard and of importance, for the gravity of the cause and of the persons: it was committed to the Parliament of Bourgondy at Dijon, where the said Precedent & Councillors yielded themselves prisoners, TABOVE being their accuser. After that their criminal and extraordinary Process had been made, many sentences were given. The first was the second of May against GRAFFINS' Councillor, whom they found to be least charged, who notwithstanding was condemned in a fine of three score pounds unto the King, and twenty pounds unto TABOVE, and suspended from his place for a year. TABOVE pleaded then with great show, thanking GOD, after the manner of MOSES, JOSVA, and others, for the victory which he did see coming towards him, even as (said he) the ancient Fathers had done, for the victories which GOD had sent them: he began and concluded his oration with a verse of DAVID. Hic est dies quem fecit dominus. etc. But herein the poor man did sing like unto the swan. The said GRAFFINS' yielded to this sentence, and sought no redress. The second sentence was the 28. of july in the said year 1552. against the Precedent PELISSON: by the which it was said, that the decrees contained therein, and impugned by TABOVE made by the said Precedent, were false and falsely framed: declaring the said Precedent, for ever incapable to hold any royal Office, condemning him to ask mercy of GOD, the King and of justice, and to pay a thousand pounds fine to the King and two hundred to TABOVE, his goods to be forfeited, and to pass the remainder of his life where it should please the King. The solemnity of the pronouncing and execution thereof was: that the said Precedent, having one half of his body benumbed with the palsy, old and broken with age, diseases and cares, was brought into the open Court, the doors being open, and the judges sitting in the Castle of Dijon, where he was prisoner, by two Archers in a chair, attired in black taffeta pinked, with a robe of black satin, a little nightcap of silk, and his square cap in his hand. At this spectacle and in his presence, TABOVE made a speech. The sentence was afterwards pronounced, & the poor old man was constrained with much a do, and through the help of his guards (that had brought him) to kneel down, holding in his hands a burning torch of wax weighing 4. pounds and asked pardon of GOD: the King: of justice; and of TABOVE. The said decrees and other pieces that were impugned were torn in his presence, which done he entreated the Court that he might be freed out of the Castle for the weakness and great infirmity of his person. Answer was made him, that the Court would consider of it. The third sentence was the fourth of August, against the above named BOISSONNE a Priest and Councillor, by the which he was found guilty of falsehood and other crimes mentioned in his process, and the decrees, declarations, and other pe●…ces declared false; deprived of his councillors place, and condemned in a hundred pounds fine to the King, and forty pounds to TABOVE, and his charges: and to remain a prisoner, and for the common offence, he was sent unto his Ordinary. The fourth sentence was the same day against ROZET an other Councillor, all one with the former.  
After all this, the said Precedent, BOISSONNE and ROZET Councillors, having a firm confidence in themselves that they had not offended, notwithstanding these punishments, they go unto the King and show him, that if the crimes, whereof they are condemned be proved true, it were a monstrous thing to see them live in a commonweal. But if through the slander of their accuser, they have been reduced unto that extremity; there is no reason, (for the dignity wherewith his Majesty had honoured them in the Sovereignty of Savoie,) that the cause should be referred to one Parliament alone, consisting of a small number, to degrade and deprive them in that sort, of their good names, fortunes, and honours, leaving them nothing but their souls, which is only a remainder of grief and perpetual sorrow. They beseech him to allow of a revision, the which is g●…aunted, and the cause committed to the Parliament of Paris: whereas all being well viewed and examined, it was said and judged by a sentence of the sixteen of May 155●… that the former decres of the 28. of july and the fourth of August, were void and that the criminal process, by the which they had been given, should be viewed and judged a new, without any respect to be taken of the said decrees, & TABOVE condemned in costs, damage and interests. The Court at Dijon, advertised of this decree, at the instance of TABOVE, being much troubled in the beginning, come unto the King, debate the reasons, and maintain their decrees, she wing that it would cause impunity of crimes of importance, and blemish the prerogative of his Parliaments. They had good audience, with the said TABOVE, who pretended new matter, and concealed nothing which he thought might avail him: alleging that this accusation framed by him, was always with the quality of the King's Attorney general, being so received and never reproved, and therefore he ought not to be condemned in costs, damages and interests, like unto a private party, although the accusation were not so well grounded as this was. Some of the Court Parliament of Paris, which had assisted at the resolution of the said decree of nullity, were sent for; they come, and are heard with them of Dijon.  
All being duly examined, it was decreed by the Privy Council the 7. day of March. 1555. that the sentence given the 16. of May, upon the said Nullities, should take effect, and touching the principal cause, the parties should be sent to the Court of Paris, to be judged in the presence of a Precedent, and two Councillors of the Court, named in the decree, and three other Councillors having assisted at the judgement of the said Nullities; three Councillors of the Parliament of Dijon, named by the said decree, and three others of the said Court of Dijon which had assisted at the judgement given against the parties accused, and by six Masters of Requests. The Process being in question, TABOVE, (fearing that which after happened to fortify his accusation, or rather to hinder the decision) frames new crimes, whereof no mention had been made in the former Process: whereunto the parties accused oppose. Whereupon the King by his Letters Patents of the 15. of September the same year, made a declaration, that sending them to the Parliament of Paris, his meaning was not that the Court should take knowledge of any other cause or crimes, than those for the which the parties had been condemned in the Court of Parliament at Dijon, and whereof they had complained unto the King: the King's Attorney general excepted, who upon view of the said Process, finding the accused to be guilty of other crimes, might make pursuit against them at his pleasure. Moreover they were charged by the said Letters to do right upon the repetition of money, adjudged to the said TABOVE, for the pursuit of the Process. The said letters were allowed and registered the 18. of September. The Parties accused are again examined and heard by the Court, upon the crimes wherewith they were charged. TABOVE is allowed to make new productions, and the accused to contradict them. In the end this cause being examined in so goodly an Assembly, a definite sentence was given in these terms that follow.  
The Court doing right to all, and without respect to the quality of the Attorney general in the court of Chambery, taken by the said TABOVE in the said Process: but so far as it doth touch the corruptions and falseties pretended by TABOVE against the said PELISSON BOISSONNE and ROZET, had absolved and did absolve the said PELISSON, BOISSONNE and ROZET respectively, of the said pretended falsehoods, and did condemn the said TABOVE, for that respect, in the charges of the same suit and in damages and interest of the said PELISSON, BOISSONNE and ROZET: which damages and Interests, the Court for some causes them moving, having taxed and moderated, that is to say to the said PELISSON two hundred pounds; to BOISSONNE four score pounds; and to ROZET the like some of 80. pounds: and that, besides all other expenses, damages and interests, which were adjudged unto them by a sentence of the 16. of May 1555. for the payment of which damages and interests the said TABOVE should remain in prison. And as for all other accusations and crimes objected by the said TABOVE against PELISSON, BOISSONNET and ROZET, (the knowledge whereof was referred to the said Court) both they & the parties were discharged by the Court, and freed from farther suit, without any charges, damage, or interest of either party: reserving notwithstanding power for the King's Attorney general, to proceed against the said decrees of the 11. of May 1539. the 9 of March, the 20. of September, made in favour of the said Earls of La Chambery, and Bishop of Morienne, by way of Nullity, and for them to make their defences to the contrary.  
And for reparation of the false and slanderous accusation, framed by the said TABOVE, against PELISSON, BOISSONNE, and ROZET, and for other misd●…meanors, appearing as well by the ancient as the later productions, made in the said process, the Court had condemned the said TABOVE to do penance in open Court, on a day of pleading, the doors being open, bareheaded, and barefoot, on his knees, in his shirt, and a halter about his neck, holding in his hands a burning Torch of two pound weight: and then to say and declare openly with a loud and intelligeble voice, that falsely, maliciously, slanderously, wrongfully, and against the truth, he had charged and accused the said PELISSON, BOISSONNE and ROZET of the said pretended falseties, crimes and offences, for the which he was sorry, and desired pardon & mercy of GOD, the King, the justice, and of the said PELISSON, BOISSONNE and ROZET.  
And moreover the Court did ordain, that the petitions and complaints exhibited unto the King by the said TABOVE, together with the suggestions of falsehood made by him against the said parties, should be defaced and rend in his presence. And this done, to be led in the same sort by the Ushers of the Court, and set upon the marble Stone, being at the end of the Great Stairs of the Palace, there to do the like penance, and so to be carted from the same place unto the Pillory at the halls in the City of Paris, and there being set by the Hangman to be turned thrice about, and then to be carried back to the Concergery or prison of the Palace. And moreover the Court did condemn the said TABOVE to do penance in the open Court of the said Parliament of Chambery, whether he should be safely conducted, and to pay two hundred pounds for a fine unto the King, and to continue in prison at Chambery, until the full payment of the fines, charges, damage and interest adjudged, as well to the King; as to the said parties: after which payment made, to be perpetually confined to the said Country of Savoy, or to any other place within this Realm that should please the King. And moreover the Court did declare his other goods confiscate to whom they did belong, the said fines, charges, damage and interests being first paid and discharged. And for certain causes and considerations then moving the said Court, did ordain, that the said PELISSON should be sent back, to receive those admonitions that were appointed to be given him, enjoining him to keep and cause to be kept the King's royal ordinances in the said Court of Chambery, and not to infringe them upon pain of an arbitrary punishment. Given in the Parliament at Paris, the eleventh of October. 1556.  
No Reader of judgement, aught to tax the judges, who have censured this cause with so great contrariety, as the like hath not been heard. The Court of Dijon assured themselves in their conceits to do well without fraud or malice. Those of Paris according to their custom, showed their authority, which is supreme; descovering (it may be) some thing that was new, and not before known. It is not for me, being a simple Collector, and who fears to speak of such assemblies, to give any reasons of the said contrarieties. It sufficeth to set down the fact, and to compare the greatness of the Parliament of Paris with the rest, yet I may not conceal, what I heard a councillor of one of the above named Parliaments say, that (in the question of justice of such contrary decrees, upon a crime pleaded before the King, who desired to understand the truth) those of Dijon had judged according to their consciences, and those of Paris justly and according unto Law. Before I leave this matter which is so exemplary and of such consequence, in regard of many the like accidents which do daily happen, I will advise the Reader to observe the end of this accusation, where the Huntsman is taken in his own snare.  
This poor ACTAEON, relying upon his quality, and governed by his passions, came to this end, having drawn many great personages into danger: for seeking revenge only, he ruined himself. The which may serve for any one that shall attempt to accuse an other. He was the King's Attorney General, in a sovereign Court, and therefore a public Accusor; and in this quality, he had power to inform against all such as he knew to be Offenders, without fear of the like punishment. (L. omnes de dela●…oribus lib. 10. c.) But he was found unfurnished of parts required in that place, being transported by his passions and surprised in slander. In which case, without respect of his quality and place, he was subject to the punishment of a Slanderer. (L. si cautiones C. de iis qui accu. non pos.) Whereas doing his duty according to the necessity of his place, and no otherwise, he needed not to have feared any thing. And as it is most profitable (as it appears by the continual complaints against all sorts of Offenders) to have special men for the defence and preservation of the commonweal, of Laws and good manners, and to accuse Malefactors: so it is necessary they be Diligent, Constant, Just, of a good life and singular integrity. For he that will take upon him the charge to accuse, must first examine exactly, and make proof of his own life, before he shall examine and search another's: and must think, that in the end he shall reap shame and disgrace, in seeking to cause an other to yield an account of his life, when as he himself is subject to the like trial. In this case the accuser's simplicity imports much: who ought to be free from hatred, revenge and other passions, which are contrary to the sincerity required in those places: for that it is hard to have a sound judgement with such passions, the which do hinder the true office of an accuser, which is, that in accusing any one he should no less fear the touch of his own honour and good name, than the party accused the preservation of his life and goods: and the accuser (if he be an honest man) must think and believe, that in beginning to accuse, he brings his own honour in question, which should make him careful not to propound any thing, whereof he is not assured. To this end the (l. criminis C. de iis qui accus. non pos.) is not able and worthy to be often read, the which comprehends the said parties. It is likely that the judges at Chambery were linked together in many things, and that TABOVE being froward, and rejecting some admonitions that were given him, framed this accusation against his head and Precedent, who had power to command him, and under whom he did exercise his place of King's Attorney general, of whom he should have endured something, considering that the dissimulation of injuries, which he pretended to have suffered in his own particular of the said precedent, would have done him more honour, and given him greater content, than the revenge which he got by a sentence at Dijon, although it had taken effect. The conflict of men of that sort is unjust and inhuman: and hath been in old time reproved at Rome in many judgements. L. PHILO seeking to accuse C. SERVILIUS his Praetor and commander, whose Treasurer he had been, was not admitted. The like was adjudged against M. AURELIUS for L. FLACCUS his General. T. ALBUTIUS had governed the Sardes a year, under whom POMPEY was Treasurer. They had carried themselves after different manners: ALBUTIUS like a Thief, and POMPEY like an honest man. The Sardes made their complaints to I. CAESAR, accusing ALBUTIUS, POMPEY hindered, saying, that he was best reform of his life, for that he had been always with him, and served him as his Treasurer, demanding the charge to accuse him from the which he was rejected. CICERO in his first accusation against VERRES, to obtain the place of an Accuser, and to keep Q. CECILIUS, (who presented himself) from audience, he objected the three principal reasons before mentioned. The first, that he was not free from blame himself, and namely in the government of VERRES, under whom he had had charge in Sicilia. The second, that he professed himself his enemy, and therefore transported with affection, which is always to be suspected. The third, that VERRES is his Commander and Praetor, and therefore cannot be accused by him, without violating all public respect of honesty. In the Process made by NONIUS the black Provost of Rome against CATELYNS confederates, it was taken ill, that the said NONIUS in his Interrogatories, had examined the prisoners: if JULIUS CAESAR (being then Praetor) were not of the conspiracy: for the Pretoriall dignity which he then held, the which was one of the highest, and equal with the Consul: for the which the Provost was blamed and committed to prison, although that one of the prisoners had named CAESAR, and that he was presently to provide for the preservation of the commonweal, the which might well allow the accusation of a Magistrate during his time, especially by one of his family, who had been commanded. The which the Law hath declared intolerable, and worthy of punishment, as it appears in L. si quis ex familiaribus, (and in the last law.) C. de iis qui accus. non pos: whereas the Emperors declare such absolutions abominable, excepting no crime but treason. To conclude, Vocem familiarium funestam amputari potius volunt quam audiri, I have set down this History at large, for that it is famous. I. Papon lib. 19 of his collection of Decrees and sentences. arr. 9   

A woman in Childbed which abounded with Milk.  
I Have seen in a Town of Breslaw, a Midwives Daughter lying in Childbed, who had such abundance of Milk in her breasts: as in two or three days she filled a pale, containing twelve quarts. They scummed off the Cream, with the which they made Butter and Cheese that was very sweet and savoury: neither durst this Cow with two legs eat in a manner any thing, for else she did yield great abundance of Milk. N. MARTIN WENIRICH, in his Commentary of Monsters.   

marvelous Advertisements.  
JAMES the fourth of that name King of Scots, having in the year 1500. or thereabout, defied HENRY the eight King of England: as he was riding towards his army, being at Evening prayer in a Church at Limnuch, there came in an old man, his hair somewhat reddish and hanging down on his shoulders, bald before and without an hat, appareled in a long blue robe, and girded with a Linen girdle, bearing a grave and reverent presence: who desiring to speak with the King, made way through the press, and without any other ceremony, went and leaned on the Chair where the King sat: saying unto him. Sir, I am sent unto you, to admonish you to desist from your enterprise, and to proceed no farther. If you despise my advertisement, ill will come to you and to all your followers. Furthermore I am enjoined to tell you, that if you haunt women too familiarly, and follow their counsel, it will turn to your shame and overthrow. Having said thus, he presently thrust himself into the press. Evensong done, the king made this old-man to be sought for, who could not be found: and that which is yet worthier observation, divers that had heard him use those speeches, and desired to understand the particularities, could not perceive what became of him. Amongst others there present, DAVID LINDSEY was one, a learned and a wise man, and of a sound life, who reported this unto me. Not long after, the King contemning the good advise of the principal Lords of his Counsel, prosecuting his design gave battle to the English, in the which he was slain with all the flower of the Nobility of Scotland. G. BUCHANAN, in the 13. book of the History of Scotland.  

LEWIS the second King of Hungary, being at Buda, and the Castle gates shut (as the custom is) whilst he was at dinner, there came one in the likeness of a deformed cripple, who cried out that he would speak with the King, to whom he had matters to impart concerning his great good, and the peace of the whole realm. At first, they made no reckoning of him, according to the manner of the Court, where the poor and simple are despised: but he began to weep and cry out, desiring that with all speed they would go and tell the King of him, so as some of the guard moved with his speeches, and to be rid of the importunate cries of the man (who protested he would speak to no other ear but the King) went and declared it unto him. The King commanded one of his bravest Courtiers, to go and know that secret, and to feign himself to be the King. But the cripple said presently unto him; thou art not the King, I have nothing to say to thee: and seeing the King makes no more account to hear me, go and tell him he shall perish and that shortly. Pronouncing these words, he vanished away from before them all. The Courtier, the Guard, and the King himself, not regarding this, lost their lives a little after in a battle against the Turks. I. LEONCLAVIUS in the Pandects of the History of the Turks.    

Adulteries punished.  
ninety years since or there about, a No●…leman of Piedmont, found that his wife (issued from a mean parentage, whom he had married for his pleasure,) forgetting the honour of GOD, the honour which her husband had done her, and her own honour, had execrably polluted the house, chamber, and bed of her Lord and husband, by continual adultery with a Gentleman his neighbour whom she had wickedly alured to her will. The Lord meaning to take them in the fact, & that they might pretend no excuse, he laid many plots, and among the rest, he caused a packet of letters to be brought unto him, by the which his Prince called him to Court, meaning to send him into France, where he should remain some time. He imparts these letters unto his wife, continueth a whole day with her; makes very much of her: acquaints her familiarly with the whole estate of his affairs: leaves her means, jewels & all that was precious in his house; and after a loving faire-wel, he departs with all his train. At night he stays with one that kept a Castle of his, and descovers unto him his misfortune and his design. In the mean time this wicked woman had sent for her Adulterer, who being shut up in one chamber, continued their filthy life. The Lord being followed only by this keeper of his Castle and a groom of his Chamber, well armed, and furnished of all things necessary, in a dark night they came unto the Castle, where the Chastelane made himself known unto the Porter, saying that he had letters of importance from his Lord, the which he must deliver presently to his Lady. The Porter opes the gate presently to one so well known, & suddenly all enter. The Lord forbids the Porter to make any noise, & commanding him to light a torch, he goes directly to the Lords Chamber, where the Chastelane did knock. At this noise, an old woman (who had been their bawd,) asked who was their? It is I answered the Chastelane, who bring a letter unto my Lady from my Lord, who passing hastily by my house, commanded me to bring it with speed. This woman, drunk with her villainy, commanded the old woman to receive the letter at the door, without entering, and she would perform the contents. The old woman opening the door a little, was suddenly overthrown. Then the Lord and the two others enter armed, and seize upon the Adulterers being naked, & confused in their shame. The servants of the house being suddenly called, the Lord having given a grave and severe sentence upon his detestable Wife, condemned her to hang up her villainous Adulterer with her own hands in the presence of them all, having bound him hand and foot with halters. This sentence being pronounced, the Lord sent for great Cartnales, the which he caused to be knocked upon a beam in the Chamber, and calling for a ladder, he forced this wicked woman to tie the halter about her Adulterers neck. And for that she had need of help in this execution, her Bawd was condemned to second her. These two together did hang up this wretch, after whose death, the Lord caused the bed to be burnt, and all that did participate of their Adulteries, and commanding all the other movables of the Chamber to be carried away, he left nothing but a little straw for these two Mastiffs to lie on, appointing that the body that was hanged, should remain there, and that the two women should keep it, until the stink of it had choked them: he caused the windows and the door to be walled up, leaving only a little hole, by the which they might give them bread and water. Having past some few days in the stench, without consolation, oppressed with grief and despair they ended their miserable lives. Written in the Histories of our times.  
In our time an Advocate of Grass in Provence, called TOLONIO, married a virtuous young Gentlewoman, he managed the affairs of the signor of Chabrie. A Gentleman living in a Castle not far from thence, coming one day among many unto this Gentleman's house, who was then absent. Having familiar access to him and to the Lady (who was about forty years old, and the Mother of four children, whereof two were with her, young Gentlemen well bred) he went up into the Chamber, and found this Lady in bed: being set down by her, after he had acquainted her with some business for the which he was come unto the Castle, they entered into strange and detestable discourses, against the honour of GOD, and all respect of honour and virtue. The end was that from that time they polluted themselves with a horrible and infamous Adultery.  
Being plunged into this Gulf, Satan and their filthy lusts did th●…ust them headlong into others, that were more horrible and fearful, fo●… having made many practices together, the first attempt of their cruel wickedness, was against the signor of Chabrie, who was massacred, walking alone in his warren, by two murderers subordned by the Advocate. After this parricide, the Adulterers return to their accustomed filthy course▪ without all shame or remorse, giving scope to their execrable lusts: the which the eldest son●…e could not digest: and seeing his mother could not live any where without the Advocate, he gave her a grave admonition, adding many reasons to excuse his boldness. This cursed mother dissembling her rage against her Son, complains of his conceit, justifies herself impudently: and these drops of water of good and necessary advice, did more inflame the fire of their unbridled lust. After she had bitterly reprehended the indiscretion of her Son, and highly extolled the Adulterous and Murderous Advocate, she forced her son to make a submissive speech unto him full of excuses. But not content herewith she resolved to kill him. There was a Gallery in the Castle, whereas the young Gentleman did usually walk, to behold the Gardin and pleasant country about. It was high advanced, and hung over a steep Rock, at the foot whereof lay this Garden. The Advocate by the advice of this cursed Mother, did cunningly loosen certain boards in the Gallery, so as the young Gentleman coming soon after in the morning (according to his custom) to take the air of this prospect, setting his foot upon these disjointed boards, he fell down headlong where his brains were beaten out. This was the second murder.  
A younger son was yet remaining in the house, who doubting nothing that his Mother had been the cause of these two Parricides, was yet grieved to see the Advocates carriage: In the end he descovered so much villainy in their familiarity, as he held them to be the cruel murderers of that noble Family, making some show of his discontent, to see their brutish conversation. He speaks roughly to the Advocate, and looks but sourly of his Mother. These wicked wretches resolved to prevent him, fearing that he would attempt something against them. The Advocate corrupts one in the house with money to murder him, who observed this young Gentleman so diligently, as one day being a hunting, whilst his Huntsmen rewarded his Hounds, he staying upon the side of a Rock, which over-looked a low champain, the descent whereof was very dangerous towards the valley, by reason of the steepness. This murderer, who had all the day watched for an advantage, did run behind him, and thrust him down so forcibly, as this poor Gentleman was sooner at the bottom slain, than he felt the murderer, who had so outrageously murdered him. These murderers after all this (finding that the servants of the house, did mark and observe them,) did practise to mar●…ie together: but there was one betwixt them, the Advocates wife. They conspire her death, and the Advocate (having many imaginations) lying one night by her, he strangled her with a Napkin, and she being ready to give up the ghost, he began to cry out aloud, and to call for his servants and neighbours to help him. They come from all parts, and he cries and laments, saying, that a violent Catarrh had suffocated his wife. The simple and vulgar sort believed this report. But the father of this honest Gentlewoman, looking nearly into it, and seeing her face extraordinarily swelled, and her throat black and pale, with other signs of a violent death, seemed to allow of their opinions: and having persuaded his Son in law to provide for his wives funeral, he went speedily to the criminal judge, and brought him with his officers and some friends, to visit this poor carcase, and to demand justice. The Son in Law being accused, and charged by the Magistrate to answer directly, is mute, and by his silence confesseth the crime: the Physicians and Surgeons having given their opinion, that the Gentlewoman had been strangled. The judge sends this execrable Parricide to prison, who without any torture confesseth the fact. The Parliament of Aix advertised of this fact, sends for him to see him. As for his detestable associate, having some notice thereof, she packs up the greatest wealth she had, and flies speedily into Savoy, & from thence to Genoa, where she changed her name. The Advocate, being brought to Aix, (besides his last Parricide) confesseth the detestable crimes before mentioned with all the circumstances. He was condemned by a sentence of the Court of Parliament, to be sent back to Grass, there to be quartered alive in the Marketplace, where he was executed, to the great content of his father in Law, and of the whole country. As for that cruel Lady of Chabrie, she was condemned by contempt, and executed in picture. In her voyage to Genoa she was accompanied by a base fellow, called JAMES PALLIER, who being somewhat jealous of the cause of her flight, a month after her coming to Genoa, in a morning when she was gone into the Town, he took away all she had but the apparel she wore, and was never more heard of. At her return, finding herself bare and naked, after many discourses, oppressed with care and despair, in the end she went to serve a Widow woman, whose Daughters she did teach, living yet some years, confounded in her conscience with shame, and dying in the hands of GOD'S justice, having escaped that of worldly judges. The History of our times.  
About fifty years since a Milanois having notice given him in France, that his wife carried herself but loosely, who being well informed thereof (as it seemed) took post, to come the sooner to Milan, where being arrived, without going up into his house, he caused his wife to be called for, who coming down speedily to embrace him, counterfeiting great joy at her husbands▪ arrival, she received a stab with a dagger in exchange of her embracing, calling her villainous, wicked, disloyal and treacherous. After which blow, leaving his wife in that estate as he should no more need to fear any such lewd dealing, he took his horse and saved himself. The histony of Italy.  
Many years before, a rich Gentleman of Sienna, called NELLO, being well advanced in years, married a young Gentlewoman, who suffered herself to be corrupted by a young Gentleman, using a Chambermaid for the close conveying of their filthy trade, NELLO having discovered (by the means of a servant of his) the wrong that was done him, and not able to surprise the young gentleman that had so vilanous●…y polluted his house, he revenged himself upon his Wife and her Chambermaid, the which he caused to be strangled in a Country house of his, whether he had retired himself for the better effecting of his purpose, where he passed the rest of his days like a man confined. The History of Italy.  
A French Gentleman, whom I will not name nor the place where it happened (for some good respects) being married, fell in love with one of his tenants daughters, coming thither oftener than he was accustomed, and showing more familiarity than he ought. This maid had a Brother who was a Priest, but a man of a good spirit. He presently discovered whereto this Gentleman tended, yet for a time he dissembled it. In the end, seeing that this Gentleman did not cease to court his Sister (whom he had corrupted) and meeting him one day as he came forth, he said unto him. Sir pardon me, excepting the respect and duty which I owe you, I see that your intent of coming hither is neither good nor honest, and therefore I entreat you to forbear to come, else I swear unto you, if I find you there any more, I will make you repent it. At these words the Gentleman did only shake his head, and laughed at the Priest. Some fou●…e days after he returned according to his custom, and having satisfied his villainous lust, he went forth. The Priest who had almost surprised him in the fact, moved with a just disdain, met him upon a Bridge in the midst of his servants, and stabbed him with a Dagger, in despite of them all. The Priest was presently slain by the servants of this miserable Adulterer, who carrying the Dagger in his breast, went and died in his wives arms. An heroical and worthy act, not of a Priest, but of a BRUTUS, or of any one more generous and valiant. VRB. CHAVETON in his discourses the 19 Chapter of the first Book of the History of the new World. Whereas BENZO the Author thereof reports, that the Spaniards going to seek Gold near unto the gulf of Vraba their Captain carried away the daughter of the Ca●…ique or Lord of the place prisoner, who soon after came unto this Captain accompanied with some of his friends, making show that he came to redeem her, and to give what ransom he would demand. But when he was come into his presence▪ he not only spoke proudly unto him, reproaching him with injurious words, but also offered him violence, shooting a poisoned arrow at him, with an intent to kill him, but he wounded him only in the thigh, whereof he was in some sort cured by the application of a burning iron, the which was the reward of his wickedness. The Spaniards hearing the noise, came in suddenly with their swords drawn, and slew the Cacyque, his wife, and all his company. As for this villainous Captain called HOIEDA: BENZO saith, that having endured all extremities in his retreat out of the Country in the end he came to Hispaniola, where finding himself ill of his wound, he died within few days after, with extreme pains. He lost almost all his men upon the Sea in the voyage. And Gomara in the 2. Book of the general history of the Indies Ch. 57 saith, that growing desperate for that he could not continue his Conquests begun, he left all, and became a Friat with his thigh ill cured, and died in this new profefesson▪ The rest remaining in Vraba, to the number of seventy only, under the command of FRANCIS PIZARRE, expelled by famine from the land, they did embark in two Briangtines, but the winds & waves made strange war against them. Being gathered together at Sea by one called ANCISO, they returned again by land, where after infinite toils, some were slain by the Indians, & the rest died miserably of divers diseases, as BENZO & GOMARA confess.  
In our time a Bourgesse of ulme's, an Imperial City, finding that his wife began to grow disordered, he did advertise her seriously to carry herself in a more civil and honest sort: but seeing that she made no account of his admonitions, on a time he made a show to go into the Country, and suddenly slipped back into his house without discovery, hiding himself in a fit place, whereas he perceived that the servants were busied in preparing a Feast: he did see the Adulterer enter, and his wicked wife embrace him, yet he retained himself until that Supper was ended, then seeing them to enter the Chamber to go to bed, using filthy speeches the witnesses of their wickedness, partly executed, and that they meant to continue it. He comes out off his Ambush, and first kills the Adulterer, and then his wife, and having justified his proceeding before the justice, he obtained pardon for this punishment, which proceeded from a just indignation.  
Whilst that our Kings of France held the Duchy of Milan it happened that a Frenchman came to Milan, and being lodged in the house of a Gentleman of respect and reputation, he began to look laciviously on his Hosts wife, to make much of her, and to solicit her to adultery. The wife discovers this unworthy attempt unto her husband, and they resolved to punish this villainous seducer. She prepares him a banquet, seeming to yield to his intreties: instead of dain●…y wine, she gives him a drink, which casts him presently into a deadly sleep; and the Milanois comes and cuts the throat of this ungrateful guest.  
In the year, 1506▪ about Christmas, an Advocate in the City of Constance, corrupted an attorneys Wife. Who having some notice of their detestable crime, feigned that he had some special business which drew him into the Country for certain days: he parts and returns at night, hearing that they were together in a Whot-house at an old womans that dwelled by him: he goes thither with three of his friends, whom he left in the street, to hinder any that should come to help them then he enters into the house, with a strong Currycomb of iron, made for the purpose. He falls upon the Advocate being naked, and curries him so rudely as he pulls the eyes out off his head, tears off his stones, and almost all the skin of his body: he did the like unto his Wife, although she was with child. The Advocate died within three days in great torment: the Attorney transported himself to an other place, and his Wife spent the remainder of her days there, confounded with shame and infamy.  
Some years before a certain man making profession to teach chastity to others, did wonderfully importune an honest woman, to deprive her of her honour, & made her to waver: the husband discontented at this wrong, threatens the other to punish him if he found him in his house: yet he continues his old course: so as one day passing before the door, the wife (having given a watch word unto her husband) began to look familiarly on him, the which moved him to follow her even into her chamber, where the husband enters, who with a naked dagger in his hand, said that now his time was come for to be gelt, the other changing his fear into fury, fell upon the husband, takes the dagger from him, and forceth him to promise that he shall suffer him depart freely. Having extorted this promise, he leaves his hold, and is so deprived of understanding, as he lays the dagger, upon the table. The husband being freed, regards not this forced promise, but seizeth suddenly upon his dagger, and then with a new fury, with the help of his wife, lays hold upon his enemy, binds him fast, and presently gelds him, and so sends him home bleeding to his lodging, where having continued long sick, in the end he was cured, but he left running after women.  
A Germans wife of Voitland, was so unchaste and impudent as (of many that did entertain her) to call three to a banquet which she had prepared for them. But the husband (who had not been summoned) came to make it a bloody feast, for having a Pertuisan in his hand, he entered into the Stove, kills him that was set nearest unto his wife: runs after the two other, who being seized on with fear, leap out at the windows and so kill themselves. He returns to his wife, and pierceth her through. A German Gentleman having dishonestly alured the Wife of a certain Citizen, the husband desirous to be revenged of this insupportable affront, hid himself in a secret corner of his house, and sees his enemy come who continues his insolencies. Night being come, these two wretches retire themselves into a chamber, where they sup and lie. The husband comes out of his hole, goes into the kitchen, and being desirous to drink, he made a noise, in setting the water pot in his place. The wife would have called up her servants, but hearing no more noise, she returned to her Adulterer. In the mean time the husband was entered into the Stove, to take a Cask and his Curirasse. The wife awakes at this noise; she riseth, comes into the Stove, and demands who is there. The husband saith nothing, but follows her so near, as he enters suddenly into the Chamber, and at the first kills the Gentleman, notwithstanding any resistance he could make with a Pertuisan, which stood near unto his bed. His wife had cast herself on the other side of the bed, to whom the husband, (discerning her through the light of a candle) cried, come out you strumpet, else I will thrust thee through. She having often cried him mercy comes forth, and not able to pacify him, she beseecheth him to suffer her to be confessed and to communicate before she died. Why then, saith he, dost thou repent thee withal thy heart for thy offence. Alas, ay: answered she. At that word he thrust her through with his sword: then laying the one by the other, he shuts the chamber. The next day all was published, and the husband (charged for this execution) by the advise of his friends, absented himself, lest he should fall into the hands of the Gentleman's friends.  
A Gentleman of Hungary, having taken one in his chamber that came to commit Adultery with his wife, cast him into a prison, resolving there to famish him. And to torment him the more, he caused a roasted Hen to be sometimes presented unto him, that the smell thereof might sharpen his appetit, & make his hunger the more violent: to the end this punishment might hasten his miserable death. Having continued six days in this torment, the seventh he was visited, where they found that he had eaten the brawns of both his arms.  
We read the like history of a German Nobleman in Thuringe, who used a Gentleman that had committed adultery in the like sort, who lived 11. days with the smell of delicate meats that were presented unto him: his foul offence being punished by this cruel torment. The like is reported by three famous writers, of a man who under colour of devotion did corrupt many women who were before reputed honest: as in old times TYRANNUS SATURN'S Priest did in Alexandria. Being discovered and convicted he was put to death. another learned man and of great reputation, (being taken in Adultery) was stabbed and left dead in the Chamber. Among other gifts which he did wickedly abuse, he spoke French, Italian, Spanish, German, Polonian and Latin perfectly, & was much favoured by the Emperor and the Princes, it was about 80. years since. About the same time an other famous man seeking to ravish the honour of a Woman, in steed of a Bed he fell into a Cave, where he broke his neck.  
A Surgeon disdaining his honest wife, had abandoned himself to a strumpet. Going on a time to horseback and asked by his wife, whether he went, he answered scornfully. To the Stews. Going presently to his Adulteress: after a while he returns to Horse, and offering to manage his round, the Horse leaps and bounds, and casts this wretched Man out off the saddle in such sort, as one of his feet hung in the Bridle: The Horse being hot, began to run so furiously upon the stones as he beat out his brains, and never stayed until he came before the Stews, where this miserable man remained dead upon the place.  
In the year 1533. a certain man in the town of Clavenne in the Grisons Country, having looked upon a fair young Maid with an unchaste eye, he tried often to corrupt her. Having no means to obtain his desire, under the colour of apparitions and revelations, abusing the sacred name of GOD, and of the blessed Virgin, after an execrable manner (the which I will forbear to report, for that I will not offend the eye nor ear of any honest and devout Reader) he seduced this poor maid who having too late descovered the Imposture, the wretch was committed to prison, notwithstanding the allegation of his order, immunities and freedom, and beheaded publicly, and his body burnt to Ashes. Stumpfius in his 10. Book of history of Suisse.   

Agility and force.  
IT is put in the number of the wonders of Nature, the flying and balancing of those which run and guide themselves upon a rope. Some few years since, there was one well known throughout all Italy, called the little Venetian, as well for that he was borne at Venice, as for his small stature, but so nimble and expert to run upon a rope without any difficulty, as sometimes he tied himself up in a Sack, having nothing but his hands free, to manage his counterpeize. Some times he put a round Basin under either foot, or Balls under his heels, and so did run with an incredible swiftness upon a long rope tied to the top of a house. Moreover he was so strong, as with his knee he would b●…eake the thigh bone of an Ox, how big soever. With his hands he would wrest in sunder three great Nails as big as a man's little finger, as if they had been soft and pliable. He would take upon his shoulders a beam of above twenty foot long, and a foot thick, supporting it long, without any help of hands, and then would he remove it from one shoulder to an other. THEODORE a Doctor of the Law, who had seen these feats of agility and force, with many other witnesses, have reported it unto me. A Physician of our time makes mention of the same, or of the like, whom he saith he had seen at Ausbourg. And of an other in Silesia, who with his teeth would take up a great Pipe, like unto the Tons in Germany full of Beer, without any help, and cast it over his head.  
FERDINAND D' AVALOS Marquis of Pescara, Lieutenant to the Emperor CHARLES the 5. in the Duchy of Milan, had a Spaniard in his troops called LUPON, who was so strong and so light of foot, as he would with a sheep upon his shoulders, outrun any man; he was valiant and hardy to attempt and execute any thing, for the confidence he had in his nimble force. The Marquis desiring to be truly informed of the estate of the French Army, lying then near unto him, gives charge unto LUPON to run unto their Camp, to discover some thing. LUPON bethinking himself, takes an Harguebuzier on foot with him, in whom he trusted: and being approached near unto the Camp a little before day, he viewed the situation thereof, and then coming near unto a French Soldier that stood Sentinel, who was not well awake, he suddenly leaps upon him: and although the Soldier were strong and of a big stature, yet LUPON takes him up upon his shoulders, notwithstanding any resistance he could make, or his crying out for help, and carries him upon his neck like a Calf, and so returns with speed, being supported by his Harguebuzer, who short at them that would approach near them. Being come unto the Spanish Camp, he laid his burden at the Marquis his feet, who having laughed his fill at this Stratage●…e, and learned from the Prisoners own mouth (so pleasantly carried upon a Jennet with two legs) the estate of their Camp, he presently charged the French, giving them so hot an Alarm, ●…s he prevented the execution of that which they had pretended against him and his. PAULUS JOVIUS in the life of the Marquis of Pescara.  
A Spaniard called PETER, came to Naples in the year 1555. where he made trial of his force, as followeth. A man that was strong and heavy, sat striding on his right shoulder, and another on his left: on his right arm he carried a man, and on his left another: He had two men upon his feet, and walked up and down with all this burden, as if he had not carried any thing. Then b●…nding down his hands, he caused a man to stand upon either of them: which done, he stood up, and raised his hands as high as his head. After this, they bound his hands with a strong cord, the which ten men laid hold off, and standing as firmly as they could, they sought to shake him, but he on the otherside, drawing his hands unto him, laid them cross upon his breast with such violence, as many of the ten fell down. With his forehead (as if it had been with a hammer of Iron) he did beat a Nail half in into a wall, true it is, that he did hurt himself a little with that blow. Stretching forth his arm, he did shut his hand so fast, as those ten men together could not force him to open it, nor to bend his arm. Two thieves finding him alone would have stayed him: but he took them both by the necks, and beats their heads so violently together, as their brains flew out, and they were found dead in that sort upon the place. He had a pleasing aspect, a quick eye, and a gracious severe countenance, not too tall, but well proportioned, and his flesh was so firm and synewie, that when he did stretch forth his arm, and shut his hand, it was impossible to pinch him. His voice was strong and clear, and he did sing very well. He was no great feeder.  
ANTHONY of Nebrisse affirmeth, that he had seen a man at Siville, borne in one of the islands of the Canaries, who without retiring his left foot out of a Circle where he did set it, did offer himself as a mark to any one that would cast a stone at him eight paces of, and was never hit, for that he did shift and turn himself in such sundry sorts and fashions, as it was impossible to touch him, & for a farthing he would show any man this sport. Nebris in the 2. Decad of the Hist. of Spain lib. 2. c. 1.  
We have seen a man in Italy, marching and dancing on a rope, which was strained in the air, holding two long swords, having his thighs armed, so as he was forced to open his legs. He did go firmly and boldly thereon: Then would he tie Basins to his feet, and with them would run upon the rope, showing such nimble tricks, as they seemed impossible to them that had not seen them. SIMON MAYOLUS an Italian Bishop, in his Canicular days. Colloq. 4.  
In the year 1582. at the solemnity of the circumcision of Mahomet, the 3. son to AMURATH Emperor of the Turks, among many other sports, there appeared 50. men on horseback well armed, with Cymiters by their sides, their Targets about their necks, bows in their left hands, and in the right staves like half pikes, after the Arabian manner. In the Park appointed for justs at Constantinople, they had raised up eight hills of sand, of equal height and distance, 4. of the one side, & 4. of the other. In the midst there was a narrow passage, but well covered with fine sand, that if any one should chance to fall in running, it might be less dangerous: upon these hills of sand there were posts set▪ the four of the one side having round blanks at the end, and the other four had Ouals, all made of Leather and Paper very artificially. These were the marks where at these fifty horsemen did aim, who began to march easily by this way, first in troop, and then in ranks, as it were in Battle. Suddenly they dis-band, and begin to run with a full carrier, one after another, so near and so justly, as one was at another's heels. In running they took their Arrows out of their quivers, and shot with such dexterity, as they did hit the marks so swiftly, as the beholders eyes could not discern the shot nor the blows. At the second course, whereas they had shot but at the round blanks, they now delivered their Arrows against both, with a wonderful dexterity, sometimes using the left hand, sometimes the right-hand, with one motion: for the third charge, in shooting off their Arrows, they sometimes discovered the right shoulder, sometimes the left, with their Targets, & that with an incredible swiftness. Moreover, in running a full carrier, they drew out their Cymiters, and cut these round marks, and carried away the walls, the which was done in one course. Then turning head suddenly, they shot against the marks, & with their Cymiters, which they drew out again, they beat them down, and suddenly they bend their bows again, and shoot into the air. They did wonders with their half pikes, in divers kinds of Combats, and in the end they made even these hills with their Cymiters, pulling away those stakes that were set upon the hills of Sand; they cast them into the air, and in running, they received them again, and held them in their hands. Then standing upon their feet in the Saddle, they began to run, and to handle their Cymiters, bows and staves as before, without any further repetition of these particularities, I will note one notable Act, the which perchance willbe held a fiction: but I did see it. Of these fifty there were two goodly young men which withdrew themselves from the rest. The one stood upright in his saddle, and bore his companion standing upon his arms. Being in this posture, they run the horse a full carrier, and yet stood fast, yea the uppermost shot certain arrows at a peel of wood which he that carried him held in his right hand. Moreover these two having tied two horses together by the bridle, one of them set one foot upon one saddle and an other upon the other, standing as firmly upon both as if they had been glued together, and carrying his Companion upright upon his arms, and holding in his hand that peel of wood, against the which the other standing aloft, shot without missing, whilst that the two horses did r●…nne most swiftly.  
There were others which having six naked Cymiters tied the points upward, unto their saddles, set their heads into the saddle, and their heels upward and in this sort did run their horses so swiftly, as you would say they had flown Besides their were two that did sit in one saddle, and as the horse did run in his full speed, they would leap down and up again presently. Others did turn in their saddles, their horses running swiftly sometimes behind, sometimes before, doing admirable tricks. This done the●… did all run in troop and standing upright in their saddles they shot many arrows. To end the sport, standing thus upright, they did run one at an other with their half pikes, doing many exercises, which lancers are accustomed to do in their Courses on horsbacke. To conclude, whatsoever is done in skirmishes, Courses, Combats; Duels, Battles, Retreats, and other military Acts, was there practised by these fifty Cavaliers. GEORG LEBELSKI a Polonian in the description of things done at Constantinople, at the Circumcision of AMURATH'S Son in the year. 1582.  
At this feast of the Turkish Circumcision, many dancers upon the rope made goodly proofs of their dexterity▪ but there was one which won the spurs from all the rest. I know no man but was ravished, seeing him run so swiftly, with so good a grace, and without stay. An ancient Poet said in one of his Comedies, that the vulgar sort were amazed to see one that went upon a Rope. But if this Poet had seen one like unto this, he would have been amazed for he mounted upon Ropes tied unto Pyramids, to the highest that might be seen, with such celerity as any one would have thought they had been steps or degrees: then he came down backwards, or upon his belly, having no other support but a small staff which served him as a Counterpeze. Sometimes he leapt upon the Rope with both feet, sometimes with one, then embracing the Rope with both his feet, he hung downward, and turning about, raised himself again. He did slide with a strange resolution, from the top unto the bottom, and that which I esteem most in this agilety, at night he would tie six naked Cymiters to either foot, and continued his sport by torchlight with such admiration and applause of all the world, as if happily any of the Spectators had desire to sleep, this man by his admirable agility did presently awake him. So as by the general consent of great and small in this solemn Assembly, he was called the chief master of his art. The same LEBELSKI, in the same description.  
I have often seen with amazement, in the Court of the Prince of Bamberg, a German peasant, nourished & bred up (as he himself did avow) among the beasts in the near Mountains, who was so active and nimble of his body, as all that did see him in his motions and tumbling, were amazed, & thought that he used some enchantment: the which he never dreamed of. That which was most to be admired in him, he showed his nimbleness, not standing upon his feet, but going upon feet & hands, like a Dog or a Cat. In the same Court there was a Duarfe which ●…id upon the peasant as if he had been a horse, making him to turn and bound, in divers manners, as a rider would do a Jennet of Spain: but when the Peasant list, he would overthrow the Dwarf do what he could. Sometimes he would fight with mastiffs & great English dogs which his Prince had, and by a certain counterfeit barking and a furious doggish snarling, he would make them run away. This done he would bond upon his hands and his feet, with a wonderful agility climbing up, at the Corners and on the wainscot of the hall more nimbly than an Ape although otherwise he was rude, big, and of a heavy mould. I did twice see (being at the Prince's table) after that he had cast down the Dwarf, and chased away the dogs he leapt upon one of the guests shoulders, and from thence to the Table, without overthrowing of dish or goblet, and then he leapt so suddenly down, as you would have judged him to have been a squirrel or a wildcat; He would usually run as fast upon the tops of houses built pointed and slope, as our house Cats would do. He did so many other Apish tricks, as in divers places they talked of him, as of an extraordinary thing and not heard of I would not have set any thing down in this book, if I had not seen his tricks with mine eyes, and that there were not many credible people yet living that had seen them. When I collected my Historical discourses, he was then living and married. PH. CAMERARIUS a learned german lawyer, in his Historical meditations. Chap. 75.  
When as a certain Turk danced upon a rope in the City of Paris, his feet being in a basin, many seeing him in danger to break his neck, trembled for fear, and durst not well look on him. AMBR. PARE. in his 13. book. Chap. 11. The Lord of Montaigne saith, that he had seen his Father (being above three score years old) laugh at their activities; he would leap into the saddle, with a furred nightgown about him: he would turn about the table upon his thumb and did seldom go to his chamber, but he would leap three or four steps at once. Montaigne in his Essays. lib. 2. Chap. 2.   

Ridiculous and vain Ambition.  
THis tale displeased me, the which a great person told of a kinsman of mine, a man well known both in peace and war. That dying very old in his Court tormented with extreme pain of the stone, he spent all his latter hours in great care, to dispose of the honour and ceremony of his Interment: and did conjure all Noblemen that did visit him, to assist at his funerals: yea he made an instant suit unto this Prince, who went to see him when ●…ee was drawing on, that his servants might be commanded to accompany him, alleging many examples and reasons, to prove that it was a thing which belonged to a man of his sort: he seemed to depart content, having obtained this promiss, disposing according to his own mind of the order of his show. I have not often seen a vanity more permanent. It is an other contrary curiosity (whereof I want no familiar examples) which seem cousin-germaine unto this, to go studying with passion, of this last act, to dispose of his funerals after a private and unaccustomed kind of thrift, with one servant and a Lantern. Montaigne in his Essays. Chap. 3.   

A marvelous Apparition.  
A parsonage worthy of credit, that had travailed in divers parts of Asia and Egypt, affirmed to many, that he had seen more than once in a certain place near unto Cairo (whether a number of people resort on a certain day in the month of March, for to be spectators of the resurrection of the flesh, as they say) of bodies deceased, showing and thrusting themselves as it were by little and little out of the ground: not that they see them altogether, but now the hand, than the feet, sometimes half the body: which done, they in like manner hide themselves by little and little again in the ground. The rest not giving credit to such a marvel, and I for my part desiring to understand the truth of it, inquired of a Kinsman and singular friend of mine, a Gentleman as thoroughly accomplished in all virtues as may be: one that hath been brought up in great honours, and that is almost ignorant of nothing. He having travailed in the aforesaid countries with another Gentleman, a great and familiar friend also of mine, named the Lord ALEXANDER of Schullembourg, told me he had heard of many, that this apparition was most certain: and that in Cairo and other places of Egypt, there was no question made of it. And the more to assure me, he showed me an Italian book, Imprinted at Venice, containing divers descriptions of voyages, made by the Ambassadors of Venice into many parts of Asia and Africa: among the which one is entitled, Viaggio de Messer Aluigi di Giovanni di Alessandria nelle Indie. Towards the end whereof I have extracted certain lines Translated out of Italian into Latin (and now into English) as hereafter followeth.  
On the 25. of March, in the year 1540 divers Christians, accompanied with certain janissaries, went from Cairo to a little barren mountain, some half a mile off, designed in times passed for burial of the dead: in the which place every year there usually assembles an incredible multitude of people, for to see the dead bodies there interred, as it were issuing out of their Graves and sepulchres. This begins on Thursday, and continues till Saturday, when they vanish all away. Then may you see bodies wound in their sheets, after the ancient manner, but they are not seen standing upright, nor going, but only the arms or thighs, or some other part of the body, which you may touch. If you go a little way off, and come by and by again, you shall find that those arms, or other members, appear farther out of the ground. And the more you change place, the more do those motions appear divers and greater. At that time there are a number of pavilions pitched about the mountain, for both sick and whole, which repair thither in great troops firmly believe that whosoever washeth himself on the Thursday night, with a certain water that runs in a marish hard by, it is a sure remedy to recover and maintain health. But I have not seen that miracle. It is the report of the Venetian. Besides the which we have a jacobin of ulme's, named FELIX, who hath travailed in those parts of the Levant, and hath published a Book in Dutch touching all that he hath seen in Palestina and Egypt. He makes the very same recital. As I have not undertaken to maintain this apparition to be miraculous, for to confound these superstitious idolaters of Egypt, and to show them that there is a resurrection and life to come: neither will I refute it, nor maintain it to be a Satanical illusion, as many think, but will also leave it to the judgement of the Reader, for to determine thereof as he shall think good. PH. CAMERARIUS, Councillor of the Commonwealth of Nuremberg, in the 73. Chap. of his Historical Meditations.  
I will add somewhat hereunto, for the content of the Reader: STEVEN DUPLAIS a cunning Goldsmith, and a man of an honest and pleasing conversation, being now some 45. years old, or thereabout, having travailed divers Countries of Turkey and Egypt, made me an ample discourse of the apparition before mentioned, some fifteen years since, affirming he had been spectator of it with CLAUDE ROCARD, an Apothecary of Chably in Champagne, and twelve other Christians, having for their truchman and guude a goldsmith of Ottranto in Apulia, called ALEXANDER MANIOTTI.  
He told me moreover, that he (as the rest) had touched divers members of those ress●…stitants. And as he was taking hold on the hear of a Child's head, a man of Cairo cried out, Kali, Kali, antè matarasdè: that is to say; let it alone, let it alone, thou knowest not what thou dost: Now forasmuch as I could not well persuade myself that there was any such matter as he told me of, though in divers other reports, conferred with that which is to be read in our modern Authors, I had always found him simple and true, we continued a long time in this opposition of my ears to his eyes, until the year 1591. that having showed him the abovesayd observations of Doctor CAMERARIUS: Now you may see (said he) that I have told you no fables. And many times since, we have talked of it with wonder and reverence of the divine wisdom. Furthermore he told me thereupon that a Christian dwelling in Egypt, had divers times recouted unto him, upon talk of this apparition or resurrection, that he had learned of his grandfather & Father, which their ancestors had reported, having received it from hand to hand time out of mind, that certain hundredth years ago, divers Christians, Men, women, and Children, being assembled in that mountain, for to do some exercise of their Religion, were environed and compassed about by a great number of their enemies, the little Mountains being but of a small circuit) who cut them all in pieces: and having covered their bodies with earth, returned to Cairo. Ever since the which, this resurrection hath appeared the space of certain days before and after that of the massacre. Behold a summary of STEVEN DUPLAIS discours●…, by him confirmed and renewed in the end of April 1600. when I wrote this History, whereunto that can be nothing prejudicial which is recited by MARTIN BAUMGARTEN in his voyage to Egypt, made the year 1507. published by his successors, and imprinted at Nuremberg, in the year 1594. For in the 18. Chapter of the first Book, he saith, that these apparitions are made in a Mosque of the Turks hard by Cairo. There is a fault in the copy: and it should say Hillock or little Mountain, not on the bank of Nilus, as BAUMGARTEN writes, but half a mile of, as we have declared.   

Satanical Apparitions.  
WHen I studied the law in the University of Wittenberg. I heard my Tutors often tell, that on a time, one being attired after a strange manner, came and knocked at the door of a great Divine, which then read in the same University, and died in the year 1546. the servant opened the door, and asked him what he would have? Speak with thy Master quoth he. The Divine willed him to come in: and then this stranger propounded certain questions touching the controversies which were at that instant about matters of Religion: whereunto the Divine having given a ready solution, the stranger put forth harder, thou dost somewhat trouble me, said the Divine, for I had other things in hand: and therewith rising out off his chair, showed him in a book the exposition of a certain place where-about they contended. In this strife he perceived that the stranger in steed of fingers had claws and talents, like a bird of prey. Whereupon he began to say unto him. Is it thou then? Hearken to the sentence pronounced against thee: (showing him that place of the third of Genesis) The Seed of the woman shall break the Serpent's head. He added moreover. Thou shalt not swallow us all up. The evil spirit mightily confounded & enraged, vanished away with an exceeding great noise, leaving such a stink behind him in the Stove, that it stunk of it a long time after. JOHN GEORGE GODELMAN, Doctor of Law at Rostoch, in the treatise, De Magis, Veneficis, Lamijs, etc. book 1. chap. 3.  
In the town of Friburg in Misnia, the Devil presented himself in a human form, to a certain sick-man, showing him a book, & exhorting him to reckon up all his sins he could remember, because he would note them down in that book. At the first the sick-man was somewhat amazed, but recovering his spirits, he answered: Thou sayst well, I will set thee down all my sins in order: but first write these words on the top in great Letters, The Seed of the Woman shall break the Serpent's head. The Devil hearing this condemnation of his, fled away, leaving this house full of an extreme stink. The same Author.  
In the year 1534. Maist. LAURENCE TONER Minister of a certain Town in Saxony, employing some time about Easter to confer with some of his parishioners, according to the custom, touching scrupels of conscience, the Devil appeared unto him in the shape of a Man, and entreated him to give him leave to confer with him: whereupon he began to pour out horrible blasphemies against the Saviour of the World. TONER resists and confutes him so courageously by authorities out of the holy Scripture, as this wicked Spirit confounded, (leaving an intolerable stink in the place) vanished away. JOB FINCEL in his first book of miracles.   

divers Apparitions in the Air.  
IN the year a thousand five hundred, there was seen in Alsatia, near to Sauerne, a Bull's head, and betwixt the horns shined a very great star. In the same year, on the 21 of May, there was seen over the Town of Lucerne in Suisserland, a fiery Dragon, horrible to behold, as big as a Calf and twelve foot long, the which did fly towards the bridge of the river of Russee which passeth there. In the year 1503. in the Duchy of Baviere, over a little town called Visoc, was seen a Dragon crowned, casting f●…rth flames of fire at his mouth. Over the City of M●…lan, in the day time, the heavens being clear, were seen many stars shining very brightly.  
In the beginning of january in the year 1514. about eight of the clock in the morning, in the Duchy of Witemberg were seen 3. Suns in the firmament: that in the midst was much bigger than the rest. All three carried the form of a long sword, of a shining colour & marked with blood, the points whereof d●…d stretch out far. This happened the 12 day of the month. The next day over the town of Rotuil, there was seen a Sun showing a terrible face, environed with circles of divers colours. Two days before, and the 17. of March following were seen three Suns: and three Moons also the 11. of january, and the 17. of March. JAMES STOSEL a Physician of Memming made an ample discourse, prognosticating upon these apparitions, which were followed by great troubles, namely in Swaube. In the year 1517. on Christmas day, about the Abbey of Vinaire in Saxony, at midnight, the heavens being clear and bright, there was seen a Cross of a reddish colour.  
In September, in the year 1520. at Vienna in Austria, there were seen many prodigious signs in the heaven. The first day from three of the clock afternoon, until five, the Sun was seen environed with two great circles. Three days after about noon, there was seen a burning Fork. The fifth day in the morning there appeared three Suns, with many Raynbowes of divers fashions. The sixth day about nine of the clock at night, the Moon appeared full, traversed with a Cross, compassed in with a Circle, and above it a half Circle. On the seventh, at the break of day, were seen three Suns again: and from six of the clock until seven a Rainbow with three Moons. PAMPHILUS GENGENBACH caused these prodigious Meteors to be cu●…te, and published a discourse, the which he sent to the Emperor CHARLES the fifth. The same year the inhabitants of Wissenbourge, a Town seated upon the River of Rhine, heard at noon day, such a strange and horrible rushing of arms in the air, and such a noise of men fight and crying as in a set battle, that it struck snch a terror and amazement in them, as all run to Arms, thinking the Town had been besieged, and that the enemies were at their Gates.  
When as the Emperor CHARLES the 5. was crowned in the City of Aix la Chapelle, the Sun was seen environed with a great Circle, and a Rain bow in the Heavens. In the Town of Erfored there were three Suns seen. Moreover a burning Chevron, the which was terrible, by reason of the greatness and length. This Chevron declining to the earth, made a great spoil, then mounting into the air, it was converted into a cercular form, JOB FINCET in his Collection of the marvels of our Time, notes, that in the year 1523. a Peasant of Hungary, going a journey with his Wagon, was be-nighted and forced to lie in the fields attending the break of day. Having slept a while, he awaked, and goes out off his Wagon to walk, looking up into the air he did see the resemblance of two Princes fight, with their swords drawn one against an other. One was of a tall stature and big: the other was less and carried a Crown upon his head. The greater overthrewe and slew the less, then having taken away the Crown he threw it as it were against the earth, so as it was dispersed in divers pieces. Three years after LADISLAUS King of Hungary was slain in battle by the Turks. The same year in the month of May, there were three Suns intermixed with divers circles seen at Zurich in Suisserland. Two years after, a little before the defeat of the King of Hungary▪ three other Suns were seen in Hungary, which some did interpret that FERDINAND (after wards King of the romans,) the Vaivode JOHN and the Turk, should be at war for the Kingdom. In the year 1525. there was seen in Saxony, about the death of the Elector FREDER●…C, surnamed the Wise, the Sun environed with a great perfect round Circle, like in colour to a Rainbow. In August the same year, the Sun showed itself for certain days like unto a great Bowl of fire, and of many strange colours: Soon after followed the sedition of the peasants in Germany.  
In the year 1526. near unto Kauffburen, a famous Town in Swaube, there were three Suns seen, environed with many Circles. And for that there hath been often mention made, and shall be again of the apparition of three Suns, which they call Paralies. I will tell you what it is, with their generation and signification. About the true S●…nne created by GOD, and making his limited course in the midst of Heaven, there appear in the clouds certain lights, the which in brightness and form resemble the Sun in such sort; as one would say they were very Suns, so as you can hardly discern the true from these imaginary ones, called Paralies, Para Helios, as one would say, near or right against the Sun. For such shining Images, and fashioned like the Sun, seem to be right against it, although they be many thousand miles under it: for the Sun is in the midst of the Heavens, and the Paralies are in the air. Sometimes by this name they understand the likeness of the Moon. And when they appear, PLINY says they are called night-Sunnes. It is most certain, that they are made in the clouds, and not in the firmament, which can receive no such impressions, by reason of their thinness, and continual transparent brightness which hath no bounds. There is no figure but must be received in a body that is limited by some means whatsoever. Those things which are made in the Heavens, last and continue: but chose the Parelies vanish soon. Neither are they in the very air, which is transparent and not limited, yet they seem to be in the air, the which is the receptacle of exhalations and clouds: so as the Pareleiss are fashioned in the clouds. Besides the cloud where they are made, must be somewhat thick, equal and moist, to make a body, wherein the form of the Sun or Moon must be graven, and of a mean thickness, for if it did abound, it could not receive this impression. It must also be united like unto a Looking-glass, else there can be no representation. And moist, that the brightness and resemblance may pierce into it, to make a reflection. Such Images cannot be received but in transparent bodies.  
Moreover, this cloud must be opposite to the Sun, to receive and represent the whole face of it, the which should appear but by halves, if it were on the one side, or not at all, if the Sun should shine directly above the cloud. The reflection also of the beams is necessary: for if they did pierce through the cloud, there would no Image appear. The air must also be calm and without agitation. For if the winds did blow, the cloud would be shaken, and so nothing disposed to receive any such impression. As you cannot see your face in the waves of a flood, but easily in a clear and calm Water, the which is limited in a Basin or other vessel. If the Sun shines in such sort, as there is any reflection of the beams you shall see the resemblance of the Sun in this water, even as in a Looking-glass. The like is seen in a cloud compounded of water, as hath been said naturally, these like or seeming Moons, are signs of Rain: for that they are not conge●…led but in clouds that are of a reasonable thickness. Such clouds are matter for rain. Supernaturally, they are forerunners of the judgements of GOD, punishing the World with Plague, War and Famine: As we have seen in our Times.  
In the same year 1527. There was a great noise heard in the air, as of Armed men, that gave Battle. Soon after the Sun shining in a clear sky, it was suddenly environed with a great cloudy Circle. In the year 1528. about mid-May over the town of Zurich, there were 4. seeming-Moones seen, environed with 2. whole Circles, and the Sun compassed in with four small Circles. The same year the Town of Vtrecht, being straightly besieged, and in the end taken by the Bourg●…ignons, there appeared in the air a foretelling of their misery, wherewith the Inhabitants were wonderfully amazed, which was a great S. Andrew's Cross of a pale colour, and hideous to behold.  
The ninth of january 1529. about ten of the clock at night, there was seen in Germany an opening of the Heaven, described by JOVIANUS PONTANUS in his Meteors. Two years after over Lisbon in Portugal, were seen fiery and bloody apparitions in the Heavens, and soon after there fell many drops of blood out off the Clouds upon the Earth. The eleventh of April 1542. about seven of the clock in the morning, there were seen three Suns distinctly shining at Venice, with two rainbows opposite to the Sun. The first did not continuel ong. The second being less, remained until nine of the clock▪ the one was very round like unto a Crown; the true Sun was in the midst, and the two seeming at the ends: the other Rainbow above this Crown was very large, the two ends being equally distant from the Earth. Those seeming were so resplendent, as Man's eye could not endure to look on them, no more then of the brightness of the true Sun, but that of the left hand towards the South, did shine more than the other looking towards the North, the which continued longer, and was more resplendent in the declining. They were of a reddish colour, extending their beams very far in the Air, even unto the Earth. About the end of the same month of April in the same year, there was seen in Suisserland a great white circle shining like crystal. In many Provinces of Europe there were Dragons seen flying in the Air in great troops, sometimes to the number of four hundred, having all royal Crowns upon their heads: and their heads were like unto those of Swine, especially the groin. Those of Munster in West phalia, did see in the day time, the sky being clear and bright, an armed Knight running in the air.  
The great commander of Malta, caused to be published in the year 1532. Throughout all Europe a strange apparition which happened in Assiria that year, which was this. About the seventh of March a Woman named RACHIENNE was brought in bed of a goodly Son, which had the Eyes sparkling, and the Teeth shining. At the same instant that he was borne, Heaven and Earth were strangely moved, the Sun did shine as bright at midnight as at noone-daye, and in the day time it was so dark, as from morning until night they could not see any thing in all that country. Then afterwards he showed himself, but of an unaccustomed form, with divers new stars wandering up and down. Over the house where this infant was borne, besides other prodigies, fire fell from heaven, which slew some people. After the eclipse of the Sun there happened a horrible tempest in the Air: then there fell pearls from heaven. The next day they might see a fiery dragon fly throughout all that Climate. Moreover there appeared a new Mountain, higher than any other, the which did presently divide itself into two parts, and in the midst of them appeared a colomne or pillar, where there was a certain writing in Greek, showing that the end of the world approached, then was there a voice herd in the air, exhorting, every one to prepare himself. The Child having lived two months, began to speak like one of years, & by divers delusions, grows into such credit, as he was adored & worshipped as a GOD, discovering itself to be an evil spirit, the which had a great force of error in all those Countries. near unto juban a Town of Lusatia, was seen in calm & clear sky, the day after Whitsonday, in the year 1535. about two of the clock in the afternoon troops of armed men, advancing from the North, to the part opposite, & there were cries heard in the air, like to men that were in battle. Over the town of Vanaire in Saxony, were seen three Chevrons of fire in the air. And the day before the taking of Munster, there appeared over the town in a clear sky, a Cross & a naked sword. About the end of july the same year, in the Confins of Zurich in Suisserland, there fell a furious and never herd of torment in the air, being all on fire, with most horrible thunders. There fell out of the air great flames of fire the which did quite consume 5. houses near unto Adelsinge. The same month as the Inhabitants of Smelwi●… were in the Church, at their morning's devotion, there suddenly appeared a wonderful light in the air, then fell lightning which slew two men, & with the force of his exhalation, overthrew thirty others to the ground, half dead: having burnt all their clothes: but their bodies were preserved, being more afraid than hurt.  
The 7. of February 1536 about two of the clock, after midnight, there was seen in the Element, over one quarter of Spain, two armed men, running one at an other with their swords drawn the one carried on his left arm a target, on the which was painted an Eagle, with this Motto about it Regnabo, that is to say I will reign. The other had a great target with a star & a Crescent, and this inscription Regnavi. I have reigned. He that Carried the Eagle overthrew the other. The like Combat was seen in Hongary 20. years after, the which we will note in order. In the year 1537. the first of February there was seen in Italy an Eagle flying in the air, carrying in the right foot a bottle, & in the left a serpent wreathed up: being followed by an infinite number of others. At the same time also there was a Bourguignon cross of divers colours seen in the air. 15. days before there was seen in Franconia, betwixt Bamberg & the forest of Turinge, a star of huge greatness, the which declining by degrees, turned into a great white circle, out of the which soon after proceeded great gusts of wind & flasshes of fire, which falling to the ground, did melt the heads of pikes and the bits of horses, without hurting of man or house. In the year 1538. there were seen in the air, over divers parts of Germany, armed men fight, and as it were killing one an other.  
Towards the East there did shine a Star of an unaccustomed bigness, having beams as red as blood, and near unto it a bloody cross and a flying Standard. Two years after was seen an other star in the clouds, very bright, as at the break of day, it appeared the 25. of December. The next day there came out of the Moon two twinkling Stars shining very bright.  
There was seen in the year 1541. three Suns, compassed in with a Rainbow. The year following, there were seen in Saxony, rods and Torches of fire. In the year 1544. the 7. of April at eight of the clock at night, the sky being very clear, there were seen over a little Town in Suissarland, called Wilen Turgau, in the face of the Moon, a white cross shining very bright, the four ends whereof (especially the nethermost) did far pass beyond the face of the moon. Two days after there was seen over Golaries in Suissarland, an hour before Noon, the sky being very clear, a great white circle shining, whereof the Centre from the right part unto the left, was environed with a Rainbow, as it doth usually appear. This circle turned at four of the clock right before the midst of the rondell of the Sun. The 29. of March 1545. about eight of the clock in the morning, there fell about Cracovia a flash of lightning after a horrible thunder, so as all Poland was troubled thereat. Presently after there appeared three red crosses in the Element, betwixt the which there was a man armed at all parts, who with a burning sword did fight with an army, the which he defeated, and thereupon came a horrible dragon which swallowed up this victorious man: presently the heavens did open as they had been all on fire, & so continued for an hours space. Then there appeared three Rainbows in their accustomed colours, upon the highest of which there was the form of an Angel, as they do represent them in the shape of a young man, that hath wings at his shoulders, holding a Sun in one of his hands and a Moon in the other. This second spectacle having continued half an hour in the view of all those that would behold it, certain clouds did rise which did cover these apparitions.  
In base Hongary, there was seen in the year 1546. for the space of a whole hour, the heavens open, from the which did fall great abundance of fire, upon this fire there appeared a black Ox, the which seemed to piss fire. Above Belgeen a Town in Misnia, and the Country about was seen an other opening of Heaven, the which continued two hours in the night the 10. of February, and cast forth beams even unto the earth. At the same time were seen three burning Chevrons, and of divers colours, flying in the Air. In the year 1547. there was seen above Halberstad in Saxony, a black bowl coming out of the midst of the Moon, and running violently towards the North. The 15. day of December the same year, the Mariners of Hambourg, did see in the element at midnight, a burning globe and shining as the Sun, rolling towards the South, whose beams were so hot, as the passengers could not abide upon the hatches, but were forced to hide themselves thinking the ships would be set on fire. They did also see in Suisserland, two armies in the Air, fight together. And two ramping Lions fight, whereof the one pulled of the others head with his teeth. Above them appeared a white Cross stretched out in length, having the lower end fashioned like a whip. The same year the twelfeth of April and the two following, presently after noon the Sun was seen in his Sphere, like unto a globe of fire, and at Noonday the Stars appeared. Ten days after, which was the 24. in Saxony, Turin, Suisserland, France and England, the Sun appeared with a cloudy and bloody Countenance, for the space of four hours, to the great amazement of many. It continued in this sort some other days following. The first days of October following, about seven of the clock in the morning, there was seen in Saxony, the form of a dead man's Beer, covered with a black cloth and a Cross upon it of a reddish colour, accompanied both before and behind with many figures of men in mourning weeds, either of them carrying a Trumpet wherewith they began to sound so loud as the Inhabitants of the Country did easily understand the noise. In the mean time there appeared a man all armed, and of a terrible aspect, who drawing out his sword cut off part of the cloth and then with his hands he tore in pieces the rest which done, both he and all the rest vanished. In December the same year, about Rome there appeared in the air, three days together, about three of clock in the afternoon, a besom as it were dipped in blood, and a red Cross, over the which did hover an Eagle. In the month of May precedent: about Saxony and the Marquisate of Brandebourg, were seen two Globes of fire, leaping about the Sun, the greatest of them did so cover the Sun, as at Noonday, it seemed as it were rusty. They did also see the same year a furious Combat of two armies in the air over the Town of Quendelbourg.  
The year 1548. the 23. day of julie, the Moon being at the full, it appeared of the colour of blood, oue●… Rosensel a Town of the Duchy of Wirtemberg: and in this Moon was seen an arm of a blackish colour, with a hand stretched out: soon after the Moon having recovered her usual light, it was again seen with three Chevrons or large bars of the same colour that the arm was, which did cross it distinctly. These bars being vanished, there appeared a Bourguignon cross, black, underneath the Moon, at the two sides there appeared two other small rondells. The year following, which was 1549. in the morning, the Sun being very bright, in the month of May, upon a quarter of Germany, there was seen in the air the figure of a man, attired like a German Prince, above the which, there appeared on the other side a Lion and a Sheep, which seemed to embrace one an other willingly: before this Prince was a great garland of flowers, the which he would have taken in his hand, but not being able, he took up a sword, the which was under his feet from the beginning, wherewith he flourished twice or thrice about his head, and then all vanished into the clouds. In the year 1550. were seen in the night, over the Town of Lipsick in Misnia three Globes of fire. And in August the same year, about Nuremberg, the sky being very clear, the Sun was seen of divers colours, and over it a vessel, the which leaning on the one side, there came forth blood, wherewith the Sun was made red. On the other side there appeared an Eagle with his wings spread abroad of divers colours, but without any feet. A little beneath the Sun and the Eagle, was a Rainbow, and directly underneath it was a Man, holding a horse by the bridle with his left hand, and with his right 〈◊〉 white hound.  
The 19 of july before, near unto Wittenberg in Saxony, there was seen in the element the form of a goodly heart and under it armies which did fight with great noise and fearful cries. During this conflict there fell a shower of blood upon the Earth, the Son appeared very hideous and as it were out of his course, divided in two and in show approaching near the Earth. Some weeks before, there was seen almost in the same place, a bloody sword in the Air, and a piece of Ordinance, mounted upon wheels. The 24. of june betwixt six and nine in the morning, the time being very clear, there was seen in the Element, a black Cross with a javelin, having a fish-hooke at one of the ends, and at the other three small bars like unto rests. Over Lisbon in Portugal, there appeared the 28. of january 1551. a great handful of bloody rods, with fearful fires: it rained blood, and there followed Earthquakes, so as two hundred houses were shaken and overthrown, whereby above a thousand persons were slain. The 21. day of March, about 7. of the clock in the morning, there were seen at Magdebourg seven Rainbows and three Suns; and at night three Moons, whereof that in the midst, which was the right, kept her ordinary colour, the other two were of the colour of blood. These three Suns were also seen at Witenberg in Saxony, with ten or twelve Circles that did environ them, some round, others but half and very spacious, others less, and some very small, almost all of the colour of the Rainbow. The last day of February, which was three weeks before, those of Antwerp in Brabant had also seen three Suns, enclosed in divers Circles and Rainbows.  
In the year 1552. the 19 of February, about three of the clock in the afternoon, those of Maclin in Brabant, did see the Sun first of a blue colour, then red, environed with a great circle and a Rainbow. About eleven months after, the 23. of january 1553▪ about eight of the clock at night, there was seen at Basil, the Moon environed with a great & clear circle, of the colour of the Rainbow, the which continued three whole hours. In june following, there were seen in the air, being clear and bright, over the Town of Cobourg, betwixt five and six at night, divers sorts of men, than armies which gave battle, & an Eagle hovering with her wings abroad. In july were seen two Serpents joined together one eating of an other, and betwixt them a fiery cross. The same year the City of Magdebourg was straightly besieged, & among other marvels, the day after Easter the Sun appeared very bright at the rising, and environed with a great circle as white as milk, the which were crossed with four Rainbows, the goodliest that ever was seen. Ten days before, betwixt seven and eight of the clock in the morning, were seen over the same Town, three Suns: the right had his ordinary brightness, the other two had a bloody colour. Having continued almost the whole day, at night there appeared 3. Moons, whereat all the Inhabitants of the place were much amazed, they were of divers colours: and after they had continued some hours, the two apparent Moons or Paralies, became red as blood, then dispersing themselves into long streams, in the end they vanished: the right Moon which was in the midst, retained her accustomed brightness. The same year died Duke GEORGE Prince of Anhalt, an excellent Divine. The day of his death, there appeared in the night over the Town of Wittenberg a blue Crosse. A few days before the battle, given betwixt MAURICE Duke of Saxony, and ALBERT Marquis of Brandebourg, there appeared the image of a great man in a place of Saxony: from the body of this man, which appeared naked, first there began blood to fall from him, drop after drop: then they did see sparks of fire come from him, and in the end he vanished by little and little. In january 1554. there appeared three Suns twice in Saxony. The 1. of February following, about Chalons in Champagne, was seen a great flame of fire, which went from the East to West, like to a burning Torch, bending as a Crescent, the fire did crack, and ●…ast out sparks of all sides, like unto a bar of Iron coming out of the Furnaise, which the Smiths did work with their Hammers. Some add that this Torch appeared about the Moon, and showed the point of a Lance at one end. The 19 of February. were seen at Nebre, two Crosses of a blue colour. And the same day at Greisen in Turinge, they did see in the Sun which shined brightly, a blue Cross, so great as it covered all the face of the Sun: on either side it had a great Chevron of fire, with divers Circles. The 9 day of April, above Sultzfield, half a days journey near unto Schuinfort, an Imperial Town, there appeared two Moons in the night. In March before, were seen Suns of divers greatness, with some Circles in Bavaria and the Country about. First the 6. of March betwixt eight and nine of the clock in the morning, were seen two Suns with a Rainbow. The 23. of the same month, about an hour afternoon, those of Nuremberg did see as much: and moreover a Rainbow towards the West, and the Suns environed with white Circles, continued three hours together, with a long burning Chevron. The eight day following, there were three Suns seen at Reinsbourg. Their beginning was about an hour after noon: betwixt two and three they did shine brightly, and ended at four of the clock. They did cast out beams of the one side like unto a Comet: that in the midst towards the North, and the other two towards the East and West.  
In March the same year, were seen over divers Towns in Germany, betwixt four and five of the clock at night, divers Bourguignon Crosses, but most white, and in a manner touching one another. The 23. day of the same month, a little before Sun set, were seen two Parelies environed with the Sun by a great Circle over the Village of Blech. Not far from Noremberg the eleventh of june, there appeared a Rod of a bloody colour through the Sun, with Stars or Bowls of Azure. Presently after there were seen two Squadrons of armed men, the which had blue Cornets, who for the space of two hours, encountered together furiously, to the great amazement of many which did see the beginning, the continuance and end of this apparition. The 13. of june, about five of the clock in the afternoon, over the Town of jene, the Sun was seen of a bloody colour, to whom there approached presently from the South and West, great and many bowls of fire, the which did darken the light of it. And then appeared two Chevrons of a very red colour, crossing through the Sun. The 24. day of july, about ten of the clock at night, there appeared in the air, in that quarter of the Country which is called the high Palatinat of Rhine. Towards the forest of Bohemia, two men armed with all pieces, the one being of a far taller stature than the other, having on his breast a bright shining star, and a flaming sword in his hand, as also the lesser had. They began a furious combat, bu●…in in the end the lesser was beaten down, and could not stir: whereupon a chair was brought unto the Victor, in the which being set and remained some time, still menacing with his sword in his hand him that lay at his feet, as if he would strike him. In the end they both vanished away.  
The 5. of August following, at 9 of the clock at night, near unto Stolpen, in the South part of Heaven, there appeared troops of warlike men, who with great cries and noise of arms, charged one another furiously, when the first charge was ended, there came abundance of fire out of the clouds, which hindered the sight of these troops. This fire vanishing, they returned to the second charge: then the fire kindling again, you would have said it had been a kind of retreat, to rally themselves again together on either part: which ended, they return again to a third charge, the which being done, they all vanished. The same year at Fribourg in Misnia, was seen in the open day, the representation of our Lord JESUS CHRIST, as many Painters are accustomed to represent him, sitting in a Rainbow, the colours whereof were exceeding lively. And about another town called Zopodee, the Sun rising appeared as red as blood, having about it a stately Palace, the which was all on fire. On either side of the Sun was seen a high column, very artificial fashioned and of the colour that the Rainbow. It seemed that their foundations did touch the ground, and were very large. The next day the Sun did rise with a pale colour, and this Palace was above it shining very brightly. The columns or pillars also appeared, but not so fair and long as the day before. The 10. of February 1555. there were three Suns seen at Vinaire in Saxony. And the 13. of March, there appeared in the air about Turinge a fl●…ming sword. The eleventh of january 1556. towards the Mountains which compass in the City of Ausbourg of the one side, the element did open, and seemed to rive, whereat all were wonderfully amazed: especially by reason of the pitiful accidents which followed▪ for the same day the messenger of Ausbourg slew a Captain at the City gates with a Pistol. The next day, the wife of one that made sword blades, thinking to get a great booty, slew a Merchant in her house: and presently after her servant killed herself with a Knife. A day after, a Butcher was slain in a quarrel: and two villages were quite burnt. The 15. day of the same month, the Keeper of S. Katherins forest was found dead, being shot through with an Harguebuse. The 17. a goldsmiths man falling into despair, drowned himself. The night following many were wounded to the death in the street. I had forgot to note, that the same eleventh day of january, when the Heavens did open about Ausbourg, there happened such a change in the air about Mickhuse in Bavicre, and so great a light appeared in the night, as it did obscure the light of Candles in their shops and houses, so as for three hours space, those which would work, had no need of any other light than that of Heaven. Some months after, the Heavens began to open in another part of Swau●…e, out of the which there proceeded such abundance of fire, as many were stricken dumb with fear: there were some villages and small Towns burnt and quite ruined. They did also see in the air certain resemblances of Camels▪ the which devoured armed men.  
In divers days and months of the same year 1556. were observed other apparitions: as in February in the County of Bats, there were seen in the air armies of foot and horse, the which did encounter together furiously. In September, over a little Town in the Marquisate of Branaebourg, called Custerin, about nine of the clock at night, they did see infinite flames of fire coming out of the air, and in the midst two great burning Chevrons. In the end there was a voice heard crying, Misery, Misery unto the Church. We have said before that in the year 1536. there had been seen in the air in Spain a Combat of two young men. WLFGANG STRANCH of Nuremberg writes, that in the year 1556. over a Town in Hungary, the which he calls Babatcha, there was seen the 6. of October, a little before Sun rising, the resemblance of two naked boys fight in the air, with Cymiters in their hands, and Targets upon their arms. He which carried a spread Eagle upon his shield, did charge the other which carried a Crescent so furiously, as it seemed the body being wounded in many places, did fall from the Heaven to the Earth.  
At the same time, and in the same place, was seen a Rainbow with his accustomed colours, and at the end thereof two Suns. Not far from Ausbourg, there was seen in the air a Combat betwixt a Bear and a Lion, in December the same year: And at Wittenberg in Saxony the 6. of the same month, three Suns, and a crooked cloud, marked with blue and red, stretched forth like unto a bow, the Sun showing pale and sad, betwixt the Paralies or seeming Suns: four months before three Suns had been seen betwixt Euschoin and Basill.  
Touching the significations of all these apparitions▪ I will not meddle with them. Since that year, many are observed in diverse climates of the world, especially in Europe, other wonders in the air, even unto this present age: whereof we may make mention in other Books. At this time we do only represent that which CONRADUS LICOSTHENE: hath collected. JOB. FINCET. MARC FRYTSCH, and many others, in his great volume, De Prodigijs et Ostentis. As for Comets, showers of blood, prodigious hail, and other wonders of Heaven, we will speak of them in their proper places.   

Of some that have lost all appetite of drinking and eating.  
WE have seen in some diseases, the patients have lost all appetite of eating and drinking, in such sort as they took in a manner no sustenance. Of this number was a Nun in the covent of Saint Barb at Delft, who being fallen sick of the jaundice, in the year 1562 continued in her bed six weeks together, without eating or drinking. All this time she received no nourishment, but some Kernels of Lemons, the which she held in her mouth, and did sometimes suck. The Father of this Covent led me thither, not to minister Physic unto her, but to see her as a miracle, by reason of her long abstinence: but the next day after I had visited her, she died: That which I will add is more worthy of admiration. In the same Town of Delft, being accompanied by a Surgeon, I did visit a certain sick maid, of seven & twenty years old & a half, it was in May 1556. after the age of sixteen years, she had never come out of her bed, having eaten every day since that time but a little morsel of dried Cheese (as her keeper had protested) neither was it possible to make her swallow any liquor, and yet she pissed sufficiently: she went not to the stool but once in eight days. Moreover she was borne blind, she fell to be full of the dropsy at the age of twenty years, but this water vanished away, and then she had a sound in her belly like the noise of live Frogs, in great abundance, accompanied with a strange rising and falling of her belly, so as do I what I could, laying my hand upon her belly, it was heaved up. This motion did increase at the full Moon with great pains, as also at the flowing of the Sea: but at the wane of the Moon, and the ebbing of the Sea, she found some ease. This motion continued with her seven years: and every tenth week she had her Terms, as her keeper did confess unto me.   

Strange Appetites.  
THere is no man almost living, which knoweth not some particular Histories of the extraordinary appetites of certain women with child, for the which the learned Physicians give a reason. We will report some Examples, to incite the reader, entering into the consideration of them and others that he shall call to mind, to honour GOD in so many wonders, without naming in particular the divers sorts of these Appetites, which are as variable as the countenances, & conditions of women that be with child. I have seen one who longing to bite a young man by the nape of the neck, and for that she had forborn a little to satisfy her furious desire, she begun to feel gripings and exteame pain in her belly. She therefore like a desperate woman leaps upon this young man, gets hold of the nape of his neck, and bites him so sore, as he thought to have died of it. L. Vives, in his Comment upon the 7. Chap. de Cituit. dei. Chap. 25.  
My Mother bearing me in her womb: an Appetit took her to eat Creveses. She sent suddenly to seek some, and being impatient to have them washed and made clean, she began to eat them raw and alive, until that she had satisfied her desire. Trincavelle. lib. 7. Chap. 5. Of the means to cure diseases in man's body. A Woman of Nisues, being with Child, and seeing a young man, a Fuller of cloth bore legged, she came so near him, as with her teeth she lays hold of one of his Legs and carries away a piece of it. He was content she should use him twice in this sort, but seeking to return the third time, he refused her and went his way. This poor woman a while after was brought in bed of three children whereof two were alive and lusty, and the third dead. another woman with Child longing for a Baker's shoulder, which carried her bread unto the Oven, she rejected all other meat and dreamed only of that. Her husband desiring to content her, wrought so with the Baker, as for a certain some of money, he was content his wife should taste of that shoulder she had so much desired. He had endured her teeth twice but she had bitten him of sore, as he would not endure a third charge. The woman Longing still, sell in Labour of three Sons, two alive and the third dead.  
In a village not far from Andernac a Town seated upon the Rhine, belonging to the Bishop of Colleyn, a Country woman being with Child and distasted, did long to eat of her husband's flesh. Her desire was so furious, as she killed him, eat half his body, and powdered up the rest: soon after the rage of her appetite being gone, she confessed the fact willingly unto her husband's friends, that sought for him. At Lymbourg in Silesia, the Town where I was borne, a man coming out of a bath bare Legged, with his pantofles, he was followed by a woman with Child, who desirous to taste of such meat, gets hold of one of his thighs and with her teeth pulled of a piece of his heel, the man crying out murder, yet would she not leave her hold until she had done. I cannot pass over with silence what happened to a Nobleman's Concubine, who divers mornings did eat whole handfuls of fl●…xe or tow, being ready to spin. Being fallen sick through this disordered appetite, an old woman brought me her water; having understood that she was distasted, and being demanded of the old woman what I thought of the Urine, I answered her that the gentlewoman did wind more flax with her mouth then with her spindle. The old woman thinking that the inspection of the Urine made me to divine this, gave it out that I was an excellent diviner, the which purchased me such credit, as afterwards every man regarded me with admiration.  
EVE SIBYLLE my wife, had a sister called GENEVIEFVE, sometimes married to PETER le FEURE of Heidelberg, who being with Child in the year 1562. and very big, went to the Bouchery to buy some piece of flesh. Having attended long and not able to stay any longer, she snatched up a piece of flesh, entreating the Butcher to weigh it. This rude uncivil fellow pulls it out of her hand, ways it, and gives it to an other woman that was by: wherewith she was so mooned, as her nose began presently to bleed. The which she wiping above the upper lip, the Child wherewith she went, received such an impression, as after some weeks, her time being expired, she was delivered of a Son, who had only the neither lip, and so lived thus deformed a whole year, & then died of the plague, N. JAMES FUTER in his Observations of Physic. I have known women with Child which have devoured quick Eels, not leaving any part. In Delft there was one which did eat a whole sheeps skin with the wool. An other in the Town of Alcmar, did swallow down whole ladles full of Tar, where with mariners use to calk their ships▪ as if it had been savoury pottage. Such furious longings do not only torment women with child, but even men & children. MARY daughter to PETER SASBOT, being with Child did eat great abundance of chalk. We may produce divers examples of women who during their being with Child, instead of bread & good meat, have eat nothing but earth, ashes and coals of the hearth, plaster pulled out of the walls, saltpeter in sellers, Snails, Frogs, Pears, Apples, and Plums not half ripe, and when their desire hath not been fully satisfied, their Children have suffered for it. And as for signs and marks, scarce shall you find ten among a hundred, that have not some token of this violent passion of their Mothers.  
Sometimes, if in these appetits in women with Child do not suddenly get what they long for, they feel of it long time after they are delivered. In a village called Schweden, in the Bishopric of Fulde, there was a woman with Child, who passing by the way met with a fisherman, whom she entreated to sell her all the fish he had taken, but this rude fisherman refused her, not caring for her earnest request. Being returned very sad to her house she began to weep bitterly, for that she had been so frustrated of her desire. thereupon she fell suddenly to have an extreme desire to drink water: but the more she drunk, the more her desire increased: so as in one day she did drink above thirty pound weight of water, the which she voided presently by Urine. She continued six months after her delivery to drink daily, without interruption fourteen pounds of water: In the end she came to ask advice of me, and to seek some remedy for this passion, being accompanied by other women her kinsfolks and friends, who with oaths did confirm this extraordynarie drinking to be true, and that during her lying in, she did drink every day twenty pounds' weight of water. The wife of FRANCISCO BARBARIN a magnifico of Venice, during the time of her being with Child, did eat at divers times, about 20. pounds' weight of Pepper and not miscarried. After her delivery she had a menstruos flux the which was choleric and thin, the which caused an ulcer in the Matrix, whereof she died M. N. of Florence. Cha. 30. of the 4. treaty, sermon. 5. I have seen a woman which hath continued with this extraordinary and disordered appetite, a year after her delivery, the which made her pale, phlegmatic and very lean. Her Child, did not live long. GESNER in the History of birds, speaking of the Pie.   

Rash Attempts punished.  
MArc S●…hutigius a Citizen of Misnia, having a quarrel with an other of the same Town, and meeting him unarmed he began to provoke him with iniu●…ious speeches, the other approaching near him pulls his sword from him, & therewith gives him eight wounds, whereof he died presently, the 25. day of August 1564. In many Combats allowed in our time, especially in France, it hath often happened that the Challengers have been slain upon the place by the defendants. There is not any one but may remember divers examples of this kind: GOD doth judge and is to be feared.  
Not long since a French gentleman much given to quarrel presuming upon the skill he had of his weapon, he caused a dagger to be made, and these words to be graven upon it. I respect not any man. He did usually carry this dagger, and playing one day, it fell out of the sheath and he upon it, wherewith he was so wounded in the thigh as he had almost died. I know not whether this made him any wiser, but every one may see that his poinard respected not him. Neither had he made any exception in the writing. At the least he should have reserved his own person, and caused to be graven. I respect none, but my master. In the wars of our times, infinite number have been surprised and slain by there own arms, wherewith Martial men may fill whole volumes if they will spend the time.   

Swallowers. marvelous Histories of some that have swallowed divers strange things into the stomach, and what hath ensued.  
I Have seen a man who for a farthing, did swallow pieces of glass, nails and such like things in great quantity, then presently pinching in his belly, he did cast it up all again at his mouth. The same man at one time did eat four score raw Leeks. To such men the belly is a sack, and they be of the nature of Dive-doppers. We have a stranger at Ferrara, who did swollowe and digest pieces of Leather, potshards and broken glasses, in such sort as every man called him the Ostrige, the which doth digest iron, as we have made proof of one that was in Antwerp. I remember that in my youth I had seen a German Captain in the French Army who did swallow his wine without any motion of the throat. We have seen many Commedieus and such like in our time, swallow wine and meat, as if it were cast into a sack. Others which did cast up as speedily as out of a sack whatsoever they had eaten, without any straining. I have known some men, that for a piece of money would swallow many flint stones, and then void them out with the excrements. ABRAHAM deport Leon, in his Dialogues of gold.  
Some few years past a young begging boy, went up and down BASIL, getting something to live by after a miserable manner: for two deniers he would swallow many stones and whole nuts, wherewith he so filled his belly, as touching it you might hear them rattle, as if they were in a sack. Then casting them all up at his mouth, and washing them, he would swallow them again, or others, as it should please them that gave him any Alms. After some months I found him at Fribourg, where he used the same trade. But I could not learn since what became of him. In our time a Spaniard did swallow in a short space four goodly great Pearls, with a Cross of Gold, garnished with five precious stones, and the string whereat they did hang; all which did belong to a Curtisane of Venie●…. Having solicited her to lie with her, she meaning to sell this unlawful pleasure at a great rate, demands of him fifty Crowns for a night. The Spaniard agrees, and promiseth to pay her before hand. She thinking to over reach him, entreated a Venetian gentleman (that entertained her) to fit her with some of his wives jewels, that she might seem the more brave and pleasing to the castilian: who seeing this prey, tells her out fifty Crowns. Then having her in his power all the night, finding her fast a sleep, he took the collar from her Breast, and swallowed up the Pearls, Cross and string and in the morning he retired himself leaving the Courty●…an to compound afterwards with the Venetian for her Pearls. A. VESALIUS in the fifth book of his Ana●…omy Chap. 3. It was told me that a certain man had swallowed the broken point of a knife, and then did void it again in his Siege.  
monsieur de ROHAN had a fool called GVYON, who did swallow a rapiers point, about three fingers long, and twelve days after cast it out again by the siege, the which was not without many strange Accidents: yet he escaped. Many Gentlemen of Britain made him to do it M. AM●…ROS PARE. lib. 24. Chap. 16. He reports an o●…her History which I will add unto this; CA●…ROL Surgeon to the Mar●…shall danvil did assure me that FRANCIS GVILLEMET, a Surgeon at Sommieres, a little Town four Leag●…es from Monpellier had cured a shepherd, whom certain thieves had made to swallow a knife half a foot long, the handle being of horn as big as one's thumb, the which continued the space of six months in his Body, complaining much by reason of his pain, which made him dry and very lean. In the end, an Impostume broke under his arm pit, casting forth abundance of very stinking, infectious matter. By this I●…postame, in presence of the Officers of justice, the knife was drawn forth, the which monsieur IOV●…ERT a famous Physician at Montpellier kept in his Cabinet, as an admirable, memorable and monstrous thing. The which JAMES GVILLE●… a sworn Surgeon at Paris, did assure one he had seen in the Cabinet of the said JOUBERT.  
We will add out of the same Book and Chapter two other Histories of things that were swallowed down unwittingly, no less memorable than the precedent: M. ANTHONY, B●…NIVENIVS a Physician at Florence, writes that a certain woman did swallow a needle of, brass, feeling no pain for the space of a year. After which time she felt a great pain in her belly, for the which she had the advise of many Physicians, making no mention of the needle which she had swallowed. No man being able to give her any ease, she lived in this sort for the space of ten years. In the end this needle came out at a little hole nee●…e unto her navel, and she was soon cured of it. The other History is of a Scholar named CHAMBELLANT, borne at Bourges, and studying at Paris in the College of Plessis. He swallowed the ear of an herb called Gramen, the which a while after came out whole at his side, whereof he had like to have died, and was cured by FERNELIUS and HUGVET, Doctors of Physic.  
We have by fit potions, sometimes lenitive and sometimes strong, cured a servant of the Lady of la VALS, who had swallowed a Key. And a fool in the City of Tours, when as Fencers played before the King, gathered up a sword's point, the which he suddenly swallowed, being almost half a foot long. A certain man (the reason thereof is unknown) having swallowed a stick of the length and bigness of ones middle finger, he kept it in his body for the space of a year, in the end being in a certain place among many others, he was troubled with a violent Colic, the which forced him to return unto his house, where he voided this stick by the siege. There was at Zurich a Preacher well known, who having one day voluntarily swallowed a quick Eel, voided it whole and alive by the siege. Gezner speaking of Eels lib. 4. of his History of beasts.  
In the Emperor CHARLES the fifts Court, there was a gluttonous fellow, who with a draft of Beer swallowed a great Herring whole. And in the Town of Alcmar in Holland, an other at one draft, did swallow three collars of Silver, in a Pot of Beer, and three days after voided them by the siege. The same PETER FORESTE in the above named Book and Chapter.   

The following Histories report the dangers many have been in, that unwittingly or otherwise, have swallowed things that have stuck in the throat, or else where by the which there have followed divers troublesome and pitiful accidents.  
A Countrywoman in Holland, of the age of fifty years and more, feeding one day with a good stomach: she put into her mouth a great piece of flesh, dried and hardened in the smoke, and having swallowed it without chawing, it stuck in her throat, and there continued three days without any help. She could receive no nourishment whatsoever, the passage for meat and drink being quite stopped. In the end calling me, I found that the morsel was gone far, applying divers remedies, but she expected nothing but death. At the end of the fourth day, as she was sipping of Whey, this morsel fell violently into the stomach, by means whereof she recovered her health. A Man's Daughter of Delft, being three and twenty years old, having eaten a cows tripe greedily, being hard and gluey, some morsels stopped her throat, so as for three days space she could not possibly swallow any thing. I caused a strong suppository to be given her, and after that I had caused her neck to be anointed with Oil of Lilies, and sweet Almonds, and then bound it about with a Cataplasm fit for the grief, when as all that were about her attended nothing but death, she was cured. another maid eight and twenty years old, having in September in the year 1582. swallowed a piece of flesh that was hard and sinewy, was in the like danger for the space of 24▪ hours, and in the end eased, the piece falling into her stomach.  
A certain man having eaten a Peach, would also swallow the stone, the which stuck in his throat, where having stayed a little, the party drunk a great draft, which thrust it into the stomach, and passing from thence into the guts, it stayed at the great gut near the fundament, so as for three days together he could not go to the stool, in the end it passed forth with the excrements with such a noise, as if a Pistol had been discharged. But after that time he was always tormented with the Emeroydes, by reason of the excoriation of that part, caused by the roughness of the stone. A young maid having eaten much of a sheeps lights, and finding her stomach charged, had a desire to cast, but the morsel stayed in the upper part of her throat, so as they were forced to use Irons to get this morsel which was swollen, and had stopped the passage, of the which she had like to have died. Master I. HOULIER. The like did happen to an other, who had eaten the Lights of an Ox, he had continually a Hickotte, and could not swallow any thing. She was ●…ased without the application of Y●…ons, but by the means of Ventoses and other means, in the end she cast up the morsel, which from the stomach was mounted into her throat. The Scheliographes upon the 1. Book of M. I. HOULER of inward diseases.  
A young boy of eight years of age, having swallowed one of his father's Counters, which he used to cast his account withal, felt nothing for the present of this excess: only he began by little and little to lose his flesh and to grow thin. After a year, he voided this Counter with the excrements, but so consumed by the natural heat, as every man did wonder at it: Aneat. Port. cent. 2: cur. 69.  
An honest mother of a family at Dusseldrop, being about to dress a young child in March 1564. having two pings, the one great, the other lesser in her mouth, it chanced that her child was in danger to fall into the fire. This fear made the mother forget her pings, the which she did swallow upon this apprehension, having no other care but to save her little one. The pings remained some hours in her throat with great pain. Being called to succour her, I commanded they should forbear to give her any meat or drink, before I had tried with an engine to draw out the pings. Being returned, I understood they had made her drink some broth, which did force the pins downward a little above the orifice of the stomach: this caused a new pricking pain: to remedy it, I caused her to drink a great draft of Beer with Butter, and some big pieces of Rye bread mingled with it, hoping that the weight of the bread with the drink would drive down the pins into the stomach, seeing it was not possible to get them out above. The which took effect some few hours after▪ the next day I made her to be fed with good broths, and Buttered Beer, then to rest on her right side, without any weight, upon her belly, having Cushions under her arms, and under her thighs, to give more scope, for the pings to descend into the guts. After noon they took her up, but I did forbid them that they should not shake her in turning her from one side to the other, but without bending her forward or backward, she should walk up and down easily, that the pings might pass into the guts: the which they did, and then she voided them, the greatest was somewhat bowed. She was exceeding sick upon this accident, but soon after she was cured: A Venetian maid lying with a Needle in her mouth, that was four fingers long, fell a sleep, and swallowed it: at the end of ten months, having been grievously tormented, she voided it in her Urine, but in a marvelous form, for a stone of the bigness of a Hen's Egg, was grown about this needle Alex. Benoist. lib. 2. of his Anatomy, Chap. 9  
A certain Gentlewoman of the Duchess of juillers Chamber, co●…fing herself, and holding her pings in her mouth, was struck behind by a certain Gentleman, where with she did start, and with fear swallowed the said pings, the which she voided with her Urine two days after, without any harm. At Nieumegh●…n, a certain dissolute man meaning at one of the feasts of Easter to show some sport to others, offered to swallow a Hen's Egg whole, but the Egg being too big it stayed in his throat, and so stopped the passage, as this dissolute man was presently choked. In the year 1588. an other dissolute fellow in the City of Rovan, saying that there was no bone in a cows foot, la●…de a wager that he would swallow one at a morsel. They bring him one, he takes it and thrusts it into his mouth: but having it in his throat, there it stuck. Notwithstanding all the care and applications of Physicians, he continued in this sort nine days, and in the end died without speaking, having his face monstrously swelled. Every man went to see him, serving as a spectacle of God's judgement. Histories of our time.  
BERNARD de NOIRS, a Mantuan Gentleman, of the age of three score and seven years, a spare man, but lusty, having in his mouth a piece of flesh that was full of sinews, the which he had not chewed well, he swallowed it. This morsel sticking to the orifice of the throat, did so stop the passage, as it was not possible for him to swallow any thing, no not clear water. He could scarce breathe, the slimy flesh did stick so fast, as the Surgeons could not possibly draw it up, nor thrust it down. After seven days, being rotten and dissolved, it fell into the stomach: so as the patient was freed from suffocation. But for all this he escaped not; for his throat being inflamed with pain, and the application of irons, besides his weakness growing through the want of nourishment by the space of seven days, had subdued all the forces and faculties of his life, so as the fourteenth day he died. MARCEL. DONAT. lib, 2. of his Admirable Historics, Chap. 8. another learned Physician doth justify, that he had seen one, who being tormented with a pointed bone, which stuck in his throat, after two months it came forth through the skin.  
A Barber being to Tent a woman in the bottom of her mouth, he unadvisedly let it slip, so as it went by her throat into her stomach, which caused such an indisposition in the poor woman, as being wasted and dried up, after she had languished many years, she died. I remember that a young man of Harlem, who had swallowed Guernettes alive (they be little Fishes of the Sea, which some call Squilles, or Primotheres) he felt so great pain in his stomach, as in the end he died of a consumption. An other having swallowed three Gogions alive, was choked with the third, and died. A certain woman having unadvisedly swallowed a needle, could not be cured, but in despite of all remedics, having languished sometime, in the end she died, all wasted and consumed. CHARLES' SODERIN was sometimes troubled with an ague, without any apparent cause, whereof in the end he died, being 35. years old. Being opened, they found a steel Needle sticking in his liver, BAZANCE a Surgeon drew it forth, all eaten and wasted with age, and showed it me. CHARLES' being but three years old, had swallowed it by chance. NERVEE a Physician of Florence in his observations.   

Barbarous People made mild and gentle through wisdom.  
ROBERT of Saint Severin a very valiant Captain in his time, making a voyage into Syria, and going towards Mont Sina, (to accomplish a certain vow made by him, according to the devotion of those times) having descovered certain troops of horse, which came towards him, he demanded of them which did conduct him from the Sultan, what people they were. When they had answered him trembling, that they were Arrabians, the most dangerous thieves in the world, with out any show of amazement, but incorraging his company he said unto them, that they must unlade their carriages, to the end that those which came might find dinner ready as soon as they were arrived, whereof they had great need, considering that they had been much tormented with heat and dust. And whilst his people did what he had commanded, he went to meet them, and saluted them after a gracious manner, (being by nature a goodly parsonage, both for his stature and countenance) making much of them and seeming to have no distrust of them, but with a smiling countenance he told them by his truchman, that they were welcome. Which words being pleasing to these Arrahian thieves: they did willingly accept the offer which he made them, so as they dined cheerfully with him: and after they had received some small presents, they went their way, having forgotten all their barbarous cruelty, and giving him many thanks for his good cheer. In this report we see of the one part an act of great judgement, he falling suddenly and unawares into the hands of men without mercy: and on the other side an act of great humanity of men which seemed to have nothing humane but the face, and in cruelty receiving the nature of Lions, Tigers and other savage Beasts. So as in my judgement the Poets would not have given much less commendations to this Captain, than they gave to ORPHEUS, for that with the sweet sound of his harp, he had mollefied the hearts of cruel and savage Beasts. Conformity of ancient wonders with modern.   

Light Hurts proved mortal.  
A Brother of mine called Captain Saint Martin being three and twenty years old, who had made sufficient proof of his valour, playing at Tennis, he received a blow with a ball, which did hit him a little above the right ear, without any show of contusion or hurt. He did neither set down, nor took any rest for it: but five or six hours after he died of an Apoplexy, which this blow did cause. A quarrel being betwixt two young men, the one gave the other a box under the ear, whereupon he fell into an Apoplexy and died within few hours after. He that struck him was presently put in prison, and the Physicians were called for, to know their opinions upon the cause of this young man's death. Some did attribute it to the blow itself, saying that the matter had been moved therewith: others imputed it to repletion and superfluity of humours, caused through excess of eating and drinking: others to the humidity of the place, whereas death had before long slept. This diversity of opinions stayed the judge from pronouncing of a definitive sentence. We have also known a fuller of cloth, called PETER, who slew a young man with his fist, hitting him on the stomach ANT. BENIVENIUS in the 110. Chap. of his Physical examples.  
ARDOVIN du FERRIER, a young youth of 13. years age was lightly hurt with a ●…allowe staff on the head, being cast by chance out at a garret window. There was no fracture nor breach to be seen at all, but the sixth day, there grew an inflammation in the wound: the next, day a Convulsion and a palsy in the right thigh and left arm, with a fever and a fenzie, and the eleventh day he died. FR. VALLERIOLA in the. 1. observation of his 3. book.   

Wounds cured.  
FRANCIS of Lorraine Earl of Aumale and afterwards Duke of Guise, s●…aine before Orleans, was sore wounded before Boulleyne with a Lance, the which entered under the right eye declining towards the nose, & passed through betwixt the nape of the neck & the ear with such violence, as the head with a piece of the Lance was broken, and stuck in his head so fast, as they could by no means draw it out, but with a Smiths pincers. Notwithstanding all this great violence which was not without some fracture of bones, sinews, Veins, Artieres, & other parts, yet he was cured and lived many years after, he was afterwards slain at the siege of Orleans, in the end of the first civil wars in our time in France. The History of our time.  
HENRY of Lorraine his Son, in an encounter near unto dorman's, in the year 1575. having had the better and pursuing some that fled, received a shot with a pistol in the cheek; some said it was with a harguebuse, with the which he fell down half dead upon the place, yet he was cured, and afterwards slain at Blois in the year 1588. History of HENRY the 3. The Seigneur of Saint jean. One of the stable to King HENRY 2. at a Turney before the house of Guise, received a blow with the splinter of a Lance within his viser, of the length and bigness of ones finger, under the eye, which ran three fingers into his head. I had him in cure, being assisted by many Learned Physicians and Surgeons, and although the wound through the violence of the blow, were very dangerous, yet he was cured, with the help of God. M. AMB. PARE, lib. 9 Chap. 9  
A servant of the Seigneur of Champagnes, a gentleman of Anjou, was wounded in the throat with a sword, so as one of the ingular veins was cut, with the Artery of the windpipe by means whereof he had a great flux of blood, neither could he speak at all, until his wound were sowed up and dressed. Whilst that the medicaments were liquid, he drew them through the stitches, and put them out at his mouth. So as considering the greatness of the wound, and the nature of the parties that were wounded, especially of the Artery of the windpipe and of the ingular vain, the which are spermaic, cold and dry, and there hard to join together again, beside also that the Artery is subject unto motion, which is made in the swalloing, by reason of the inward film, the which holds to that of the asophage (which is the passage for eating and drinking) the one obeying the other by a reciprocal motion con●…idering also the use of the said parties, which is that the Artery serves for respiration, the which is necessary for the symmetry and vital heat of the heart: & that the ingular vein is very necessary for the norrishment of the superior part. Moreover having regard unto the great quantity of blood which he had lost by his wound (the blood being the Treasure of nature, the preserver of natural heat and of the vital spirits) and other accidents: I did conclude that he was but a dead man: yet I can assure you that he escaped: the which I believe happened rather through the grace of GOD, then by any help of man or medicaments. M. Amb. Pare. lib. 9 c. 31.  
Being at Thurin, in service with the deceased Lord of Montiean, I was called to dress a soldier called L'EVESQVE, borne at Paris, who being then under the command of Captain Renovart, had three great wounds given him with a sword, whereof the one was on his right side under his pap, running into the emptiness of his breast, from whence there had fallen great abundance of blood upon the Midriff, which stopped his respiration, neither could he speak but with great difficulty, having a very violent fever, and with a cough he cast blood at the mouth, saying, that he felt an extreme pain on that side that was hurt. The Surgeon who had dressed him first, stitched up his wound in such sort, as nothing could come forth, the next day I was called to visit the patient, where being come, seeing the Accidents, and death approaching. I was of opinion to unsowe the wound in the Orifice, whereof I found congealed blood, so as I caused the patient to be lift up often by the legs, his head downward, leaving a part of his body upon the bed, leaning with one hand upon a stool that was lower than the bed. Being planted thus, I caused him to shut his mouth and his nose, that his lights might swell, and the Midriff rise, and the muscles betwixt the ribs, & of the upper part of the belly together, should retire themselves, that the blood fallen into the stomach, might be cast out by the wound: and the better to effect it, I thrust my finger deep into the wound, to dissolve this congealed blood, so as there came forth near seven or eight ounces, already stinking and corrupted. Then I caused him to be set in his bed, making injections into the wound, with barley water, in the which I had caused Melrosarum & sugar-candy to be boiled, than I caused him to be turned from one side unto an other, and again I made him to be lifted up by the Legs as before. Then they might see come forth with the said Iniection little gobbets of blood. This done the accidents decreased, and by little & little did cease. The next day I made him, an other Iniection, to the which I added Centory, wormwood and Aloes, to cleanse it the better, but the patient having told me soon after, that he felt a great bitterness in his mouth & had desire to cast, I found that these bitter Injections profiting one way, did hurt an other, so as I did not continue them, but entreating the wound more mildly, the patient was cured beyond my hope. The same Author. lib. 9 Chap. 32.  
M. PETER SOLERY a famous Physician of Aurillac, being pursued during the first troubles by certain horsemen, which sought his life, and overtaken a quarter of a league from Argentat in Limosin, as he thought to save himself with others, he received many dangerous wounds and yet was miraculously cured: as it was verified by such as did visit & dress his wounds, first he had a shot with a Harguebuse, hitting him above the thigh bone and passing to the other side, than he had an other shot under the left arm four fingers from the shoulder which carried away a piece: he had a pistol shot upon the same shoulder sloping downward. and an other in the face, taking him under the eye, and passing under his chap▪ He had four wounds with a sword upon the left arm, from the elbow downward, he was stabbed with a dagger under the left pap, the which meeting with a rib past no farther: he had an other shot with a pistol almost in the same place running betwixt the skin and the ribs, & coming forth behind, and a great wound with a sword above the eye, and an other upon the head.  
Being thus wounded and left as it were for dead, these murderers having taken away his purse and three gold rings, having continued about two hours upon the place, in the end he did rise: and as he laboured to creep he espied a soldier coming towards him with a naked sword, of whom having demanded help in GOD'S name, it moved the soldier to do him no harm, but seeing him in this estate, he fled as if an enemy had been behind him. Hereupon, creeping forward a little, as well as he could, he meets with a young Son of his own being but eight years old, who flying also had strayed in the fields, who supporting him of the one side as well as he could, he conducted him unto a village, where all the relief that he could get was that they did not make an end to kill him, although that he were in this pitiful Estate, and that this poor Infant with tears and lamentations, did offer them his clothes, and would have stripped himself before them, to the end they should succour his poor Father, Passing on farther, sometimes standing, sometimes lying down, GOD presented unto him an other of his Sons, about ten years old, and being supported by him on the other side, GOD gave him strength enough to come unto an other village, where with some difficulty he recovered two eggs with some hurds, the which were applied to his greatest wounds: then giving him a little wine, and setting him (as well as they could) upon a Mare, they conducted him to an other village, where his Wife (who remained with a gentleman that was neighbour to that place) came presently unto him: and was assisted by the singular and extraordinary grace of GOD so as he recovered his life and health. History of France under CHARLES the 9  
During the said first troubles, among other batta●…les that were given, that of Saint giles in Provence is noted being the 27. of September 1562. In the which certain Spanish Captains with their companies, who striving to make it good upon the disroute, got nothing but blows, and were in a manner all cut in pieces and slain upon the place. Those which survived lay still and did counterfeit themselves dead. Of this number there were two Captains, the one called ALPHONSO, the other MANRIC, both were castilians. ALPHONSO had seven wounds with a Courtelas upon the head, his cask having been beaten of and he overthrown: four of them had entered into his head, the other three had but cut the flesh unto the bone: on either arm he had four great cuts, two about one of his Elbows and his wrist, beside he had six thrusts in his thighs. He and MANRIC with 260. others that were wounded did save themselves as they could and were carried to Arles a near Town, where they were dressed. MANRIC, had many wounds in the head, arms, breast, sides and face, continuing two days without speech or pulse. In flying he had cast himself into the River of Rohan, where he had remained in the Water up to the chine, for the space of 4. hours, sometimes lifting up his head, sometimes playing the Dive-dopper, until the night was come, and the victors being retired, he swam over the river. Above a hundred others that were wounded did strive to pass the river, desiring rather to hazard themselves in that sort, then to fall into the hands of the French, who were justly incensed against them. But many of them were drowned, their strength failing them in the midst of the waves. Those which escaped half dead, died in a manner all in the Hospital at Arles. The two above named Captains, after they had endured new deaths in the hands of Surgeons and Physicians, were after some weeks set on foot again, but well marked in divers places to serve for a remembrance and an example to their Countrymen, who notwithstanding have not well considered of it. MANRIC had received two thrusts with a Halberd betwixt the ribs, but there came not much matter out of his wounds: but at the end of three weeks he voided abundance of rotten filth by his fundament, to the great amazement of the Physicians, for that from the breast unto the guts there is no common passage, for any corrupt matter that is in the said breast. In the same Battle a footman had a shot with a Harguebuse, the which peerst the lest Temple, and came out on the other side a little under the right Temple, having shattered his head in two: yet he was miraculously cured. He had been dressed at Nismes, but finding himself not well cured, he came to me, and I did succour him with my best skill. Yet he continued blind and deaf of this wound. Neither the brain nor the film of it had not been touched, but the boullet having broken the head had passed close by it unto the other side. Moreover, by reason of the blow and the contusion, some little blood dispersing itself into the sinews of the sight and hearing, it caused an obstruction, whereof followed a blindness and deafness. An other borne at Marseilles, being Ancient to a company, had a harquebus shot in the breast, so as the Bullet came forth at his back, and yet he was cured.  
Another of Arles, had his head half cut off with a Courtelas, so as it had need to be propped up, the blow being given betwixt the first and second Vertebre (a joint in the body, where the joints so meet, that they may turn as in the hucle-bone) so deep and so large, as they might lay their hand in it, yet he was cured, and lived four years after this wonderful wound. Another called CLAUDE of Savoy, having his head almost cleft in two with a Courtelas, he never had fever nor any other accident (the which are usual in such like wounds) but the broken bones being taken out according unto Art, in two months he was cured. Two others, the one having his thigh all broken in pieces with a Falcon shot, (the bullet whereof was drawn out of it,) and the other wounded in the Ankle, after they had suffered much, were cured, without cutting of thigh or leg. FR. VALLERIOLA, in the 4. Book of his Physical observations, sets down these Histories at large, and the remedies that were applied, and the means that were used to cure these hurt men, the which we describe not, it belonging to learned Physicians and Surgeons, who besides the medicaments, have respect to many necessary circumstances, which are to be considered of in such accidents. In an encounter near unto Cisteron, a Gentleman called the Cadet of Monstier, was shot with a Harguebuse, betwixt the fifth and sixth rib: the Bullet crossed his breast, and came forth within two fingers of the back bone. There were drawn forth with the Bullet; twelve ringles of a shirt of Mail which this Gentleman did wear: many others ringles of the same side, remained among the Muscles, betwixt the ribs and the back, and some others driven into the body came forth with the corruption of the wound, whereof he was cured within a year. But he had a difficulty in breathing, the which continued the remainder of his days, by reason of this wound. A servant belonging to the Seigneur of Meianes a Gentleman of Arles, being shot in the right arm, in the same encounter, betwixt the elbow and the shoulder, and ill handled by the Surgeons that were in the Army, he came to Arles, having his Arm putrefied and stinking so strongly, as no man could endure him, it was all black, soft, and extremely cold, the patient falling sometimes into a swoon. The Surgeons being assembled with me, we resolved to cut off his Arm speedily, to save the rest of the body. Having therefore with a Raisor cut his Arm above the dead flesh, they cut the bone in sunder with a Saw, and stopped the Flux of blood with Canter's fit for it: so as within one month the man was cured. VALLERIOLA in the same Observation. At the same encounter, a provencal Soldier was shot into the arm with a Musket, the which broke the bones and did so tear all the rest, as the Arm did not hold by the thickness of ones finger, from falling. All the Surgeons were of opinion to cut it off, except one called Master DIDIER TESTE, a man very expert in his Art, who in one month cured this Soldier, who had in a manner all the motions of this Arm thus tattered, whole and sound. another Soldier strooken with an Harguebuse shot in the face, the Bullet entering at the mouth, and coming forth at the left side, towards the left Temple, having broken the upper jawe-bone, yet he was well cured.  
A certain Porter in the Town of Arles, falling to be a Soldier in an encounter, he received a thrust three fingers under the Navel, on the left side, given with such force, as it pierced unto the back, betwixt the third and forth rib near unto the bone: yet he was cured by the above named Surgeon. We have (saith VALLERIOLA) held these abovenamed cures worthy the report, that none should despair of difficult things, nor be too confident of those which seem light. For that sometimes we see him die, whom the Physicians assured to see soon recovered, and him to escape, of whom they had lost all hope. And that both Physicians (and all others that shall read these Accidents) may remember that wonders do fall out in such wounds and cures, as in other works of Nature, to the praise of Almighty God.  
In the war of Savoy 1589. and following: a young Soldier had a Harguebuse shot in the forehead, and the Bullet remained in his head. He was had in cure by an expert Surgeon, so as within few months he returded again to Arms. And in a certain Scallado, being fallen from a high wall into a ditch, he did so bruise his head, as he died. The Bullet which remained of the precedent wound, was found in the hinder part of his head, without hurting of any part about it. Memories of our time.  
An other in the same war, having a Bullet passing betwixt the great gut, the bladder, and the stones, was not hurt in any part of them, but after he had been carefully dressed and looked unto, he was ever after well, and so continues at this day. In the same Author.  
I have dressed many which have been thrust through the bodies with Rapiers, and shot through with Pistols, and have been cured. For example, I had the Clerk of the Kitchen to the Ambassador of Portugal in cure at Melun, who had been thrust through the body, whereby the bowels were so hurt, as in dressing him there came out at his wound a great quantity of filthy matter: and yet he was cured. I was an other time called by a Gentleman of Paris, whose name was GILES le MAISTRE, Seigneur of bell jambe, remaining in the street of Saint Andrew des Ars, in the presence of monsieur BOTAL, ordinary Physician to the King and Queen, and RICHARD HUBERT his ordinary Surgeon, and JAMES GVILLEMEAV the Kings sworn Surgeon at Paris, men well practised in Surgery, who had been thrust through the body with a Rapier, so as for many days he voided blood by the mouth, and by the siege in great abundance, which showed that his bowels and inward parts were perished: yet in fifteen or twenty days he was cured. Master AMBROSE PARE, lib. 10. chap. 4.  
A Shoemaker of Avignon, having been sore wounded in the night upon the head with a sword, which had cut him even to the first Membrana or Film, there followed many fearful accidents, so as after his first dressing and letting blood, he fell into a sounding or swonding, and was seven days without speaking, yet in the end he was cured. The same Author in the 9 observation of his 5. Book.  
ANTHONY my father's servant, a Fleming by nation, being overloaded with Wine at Shrovetide, and being mounted up into one of the highest chambers of the house, he leaned at a window that was open, when being oppressed with the fume of Wine, his head carried away his body, so as he fell upon the stones in the street, whereas his head was in a manner all beaten to pieces, and he held for dead: for he moved no member, had no feeling nor speech but like a stock: and as it were giving up the ghost, he continued seven days together in his bed in that estate: notwithstanding three of the Physicians at that time in Montpellier, that is, GRIFON the elder, TRAMPLET and FALCON, accompanied by PETER ALZINE, ANTONY BARELIER, and NICHOLAS le BLOIS Surgeons, did warrant his life with the help of God. True it is, that he continued almost blind and quite deaf of this fall, all the rest of his life. The same in the 4. observation of the 6. Book.   

Of thieves and Murderers.  
A Learned Divine of our time, reports a History almost like to that of IBICUS, for he saith that a German being in a voyage, fell into the hands of certain thieves, who being ready to cut his throat, the poor man discovering a a flight of Crows, said. O Crows, I call you to witnesses and revengers of my death. He was presently murdered by these thieves: who three days after being drinking in an Inn, behold a flight of Crows come and fall upon the top of the house. Then the thieves began to laugh, and to say one unto another. Ho, behold those which will be revenged for his death, whom we dispatched the other day. The servant understanding this speech, discovers it unto his Master, who makes report unto the Magistrate, and he apprehends the thieves, upon their varications and diverse answers, he doth so press them, as they confess the truth, for the which they were executed. In the collection of Memorable speeches made by this Divine.  
CONRADE de la ROSE, Secretary to MAXIMILIAN, the first Emperor of that name, a valiant and wise Gentleman, having crossed through a long Forest, and forced by reason of the approaching night to lodge as he could, he entered into an Inn, where as the host was a Thief. Being in his Chamber, and reasonably well entertained, he perceived the servant to weep, and did secretly understand from her, in what danger he was. She told him among other things that the Hosts custom was to ring a little Bell, at which sound many thieves entered into the lodging, and presently one among them entered into the Chamber, whereas the passengers were lodged, who making a show to snuff the Candle, should put it out: then the thieves entered, and falling upon the passengers, slew them. CONRADE bethinking himself, caused a Lantern to be brought him by the servant, and a Candle light in it, the which he hid under a bench, held his weapons ready and attended his enemies. He was scarce set at the Table, but a peasant enters, who counterfeiting the varlet, puts out the Candle. But CONRADE causing the lantern with the light to be presently drawn forth, and having his arms and his servants ready, he valiantly resists these thieves, slew some, put the rest to flight, lays hold upon his Host, and delivers him unto the Magistrate, who caused him to be executed. The same Author. Some years past, I did see broken upon the wheel by the judgement and sentence of the Bailiff of Morges (under the government of the Seigneurie of Berne) a young man, about the age of twenty years, who counterfeiting himself dumb, and ask alms of passengers, under colour of passing on his way with a little Bell in his hand, which was as a watchword to his companions (the number of the strokes making them to discern the number of the persons and their qualities) was found to have been at two and twenty murders, and with his own hand, had cut many men's throats. He died miserably, roaring like a Bull when they broke his bones. The Emperout CHARLES the fifth being in Germany, whereas affairs of war kept him, he was constrained to send one of the chief of his Court into Spain, to have a care of affairs and difficulties that should arise. This Viceroy, a young Prince, much given to hunting, was one day in the kingdom of Granado, and being in pursuit of a wild Beast, he strayed so far from his people, as following his game through a great wood without respect of time or way, he found himself in a desolate place and be-nighted. By means whereof he began to look all about him, to see if he could discover some house or other place where he might shroud himself. Thereupon he sees a little Cottage, and riding thither, he entreats the Peasant that dwelled there, to lodge him that night. The which the peasant granted, and received him into his Cottage, where at that time there were six persons, that is, the Peasant, his Wife, his Sun of twenty years of age, his Daughter in Law, newly married, a servant which kept his cattle, a rough fellow and of an ill aspect, and then a little Daughter. The Prince being lighted from his horse recommends him unto this vallet, and then he enters into the Peasant's house and draws near the fire, whilst they make ready supper, not dreaming of any harm. These people not knowing the Prince, nor he discovering himself to any; they seeing him so richly apparelled, and of a goodly presence they held him to be some great richman, and thinking it not fit to let go so fat a prey, they began to devise some means to kill him, and to get his spoils. After supper they prepare him a bed in a certain Chamber, which had but a weak door, easy to force. In going up and down, the Daughter in Law newly married (who had an Inkling of this cruel plot) taking pity of this young Prince, whom she did see of so goodly a stature, and of an honourable port and carriage, called him aside: having drawn him a part and entreated him to keep secret what she should tell him, she discovers the enterprise briefly unto him, whilst the Father, Son and vallet were complotting again a new in the stable. The Prince moved at this report, and inclining to believe some thing was ready to discover what he was. But doubting presently that it would but hazard his life, in committing it to the faith of such barbarous people, which did so wickedly violate all the rights of humanity and hospitality, to conspire against any man, whom they did see in so brave equipage, well mounted, and courteously received by them: he chose rather (under GOD) to trust unto his own valour, then unto the word of men that had no faith, and whose hearts were covered with dissimulation and blood. He suffers himself then to be conducted by the Peasant into this little chamber, and having shut the door unto him he drew a great heavy Chestunto it, to serve as a Barricadoe, and then he held his rapier ready, and by him was a long pistol bended and primde, watching and attending what would become of the report of the Daughter in Law: Presently the Peasant (who thought he had been a sleep by reason of his travel of hunting) came softly to the door, thinking to enter it without any difficulty. But being frustrate of his expectation, he began to entreat his guest to open him the door, for that he would take a covering for a bed out of the coffer, of the which he had great need. The Prince (who slept not) answered. Retire importunate man, I am now at rest, and will not open the door at this time. Then the Peasant began to exclaim, cry out and say, that he was undone and that there was one would brave him in his own house whereupon he falls to his arms, and threatens to break all, yea to kill him that was in that little chamber if he did not presently open, and yield unto his mercy. The Peasant & his man coming to break down the door, the Son sought to enter the Chamber by a window, and all together made a marvelous attempt. The Prince seeing himself reduced to extremity, dischargeth his pistol at the door, peerceth it easily, and kills the Peasant, then drawing back the Chest, he issues forth with his rapier in hand, dispatcheth the Son, and runs after the servant, who saves himself by flight. But all was not yet done, for the cries of the hostess, and the extraordynarie noise that she made, did awake the other neighbour shepherds, who came running with their Arms, environed the house, and cried out murder. The Prince standing upon his guard, had patience until it was day, and seeing this troop of mutineers to increase, he began to let them as then understand what he was, threatening to cause them all to be hanged, if they did refuse to assist him and to conduct him. If they would not believe him, they should fetch the Magistrate of the next place: and if they did not accept of that condition, their ruin and confusion was at hand. Being moved with the speech and presence of a parsonage so far different from their condition, they began to grow somewhat mild: yet in such sort as they lay hold of him, bind him, and are leading him to the Governor of a Town, which was some leagues from rhence. The Prince's guards arriving in the mean time, seeing him in this equipage were ready to cut all this troop of Peasants in pieces: but the Prince did expressly forbid them. All the former being discovered and examined, the Peasant's confederates were punished according to their merits, the servant was broken upon the wheel, the thieves house burnt, and the Daughter in Law was richly recompensed for her faithful advertisement.  
An Italian called FRANCISQVINO, having continued sometime at Bolonia the fat, one of the best gentlemen's houses of the City, and had been held for some honest gentleman, and of a good house, considering his stately carriage▪ In the end he was discovered to lead this life which followeth, under colour of keeping the ordinary house for play at dice and cards, and seeming also to be very desirous to have still new Company, and to show himself stately, he made himself to be visited by them that were newly arrived in the City. And as soon as they were entered, after that he had performed the usual compliments of the place, he would set him down to play with them, commanding in the mean time that they should make ready dinner, supper or a banquet, according to the hour of the day. But in steed of preparing it. FRANCISQVINO had a thief or murderer, who stood hidden behind and prepared to beat him down that dreamed not of it, when as FRANCISQVINO should give him a sign. He continued this train so long, as they say when they were taken and had confessed all, there were found in Privies fourteen or fifteen bodies of such as had been thus slain, by FRANCISQVINO and his murderer. In the end this was their punishment. After they had been pinched with hot burning pincers, their breasts were opened, and their hearts suddenly pulled out, the which were showed unto them. Conformity of ancient merueills with Modern. lib. 1. another thief in our time called VILLEVINEUF, of the County of Tonerre, had with him a servant which served him for a murderer & a Laquay. All three were taken in the end and punished at Paris, the Laquay was whipped, the murderer burned alive and the master broken upon the wheel. In the same book. A certain Hermit living in a mountain of Suisserland, where for certain years he had lived austerly, and with reputation of holiness among them of the Country came one day to Lucerne, and lodged with a certain widow, whom he approached near unto, either to deprive her of her honour, or to take her purse: she crying out, a servant of hers came, whom the Hermit slew presently with a Dagger. The widow running speedily out of the house, cried out for help. A countryman comes in to succour her, and is slain as her servant was: then a Bourges of the Town, and after him his servant. Some others running thither, (but better advised by the example of the former,) surprised this thief, who falling to the ground, spoke no other words, but Ictz have iches offder teaschen▪ that is to say: Now I have passed the game.  
A Weaver borne at Basil, given to riot and gormandize, and not able by reason of his small means to continue this wicked course of life, he practised a notable villainy. Remaining in the territories of Soleure, he resolved to go visit a Kinsman of his at Basil, called ANDREW AGER a Hinder of books, a very honestman, who had been Tutor, and as it were a Father to this lewd young man called PAUL, who determined to kill his Kinsman and Tutor, and to spoil his house. The 15. of February 1563. he came early in the morning and knocked at his Kinsman's door: the maid (who knew him well, and suspected no harm) opened him the door. He enters into ANDREWS' Chamber, who was yet in bed, being an aged and a sickly man. After the manner of the country, ANDREW asked him courteously the cause of his voyage, and how his wife and children did. For answer, this Thief takes up a Binder's Hammer, and kills the good old man. The servant which had opened the door, being an honest young maid, called SARA FALCKISE, allied to ANDREW, and which governed his house, who the day before had been promised in Carriage, and made sure to JOHN HOSPINIAN, a professor in Philosophy at Basill. She running up at the noise, was beaten down by the thief with the same hammers, and then he cut her throat with a knife which bookbinder's do commonly use. Then he opens the Chests, & finds some goblets of silver, with little coin the which he carries away. To hide this horrible fact, he sets fire of the Stove, hoping that the house being fired, both these bodies should be consumed to ashes. But the fire being soon quenched by the neighbours, they found these two bodies thus miserably murdered. This wicked wretch was so tormented with the revenging furies, and pricked with remorse of Conscience, as he could not fly away that day, but was taken in a village near unto Basil, and brought back unto the City, where by reason of his theft, murder and burning the house, he was executed alive by three punishments, by the wheel, the gibbet, and by fire, the last day of the same month. THOMAS RODOLPHE of Schafouse, one of those who under the name of students give themselves more liberty than they ought, having descovered that JOHN SCHVANFELDER and his Wife, (in whose house he had formerly frequented) were gone to Francfort, he went presently to Sprendeling a near village, whereas the above named remained, and gives them to understand that they were returning and near at hand, with good company with them, and that he was come before to make ready dinner. He therefore sent the servant to fetch some fish▪ and then he began to entreat the Daughter of the house called AMELIE, to draw him some wine. She saying that they must stay for her Father's coming he grows into choler, and demands a knife to pill an apple, with this knife he kills a young Child of four years old, grand-chid to JOHN SCHVANFELDER, and then AMELY, who would have defended her Nephew. He than flies away, and the Peasants run after him, overtake him, & bring him to the Castle of Ofenbach, where he confesseth the fact. But one night following, by an extraordinary means, he unchaines himself, gets out of a Dungeon, and enters cunningly into the Earl's Chamber, being then absent: there he remains hidden two days, picks a coffer, and takes out a bag with five hundred florins of the Rhine, and casts it upon the bank of the River of Min, which runs along that Castle, than he slides down by a window that was grated, with the help of the rope of a boat which he found tied there: and so flies to Francfort, where being descovered by the Countrymen unto the Magistrate, the two and twenty of February 1570. he was pinched and broken upon the wheel.  
Not long since there were two English men lodged together, near to Saint Marceaux gate at Paris: whereof the one had good store of Crowns and a great Chain of gold, with some other rich jewels which he commonly carried about him. His Companion intending to be Master of these jewels, drew him out to walk towards Bois de Vincennes, and being in the vines, he fell upon him, and cut the windpipe & the mouth of the stomach giving him cer●…aine stabs with his dagger, and thinking that he had slain him, he left him in a manner naked. Having committed this treacherous Act, he returned presently to the City. He that was wounded, making show to have been dead, riseth up afterward, and creeps to peasant's house, who for pity caused him to be dressed. He was carried to Paris, where soon after one of his Companions sent for me to have him in cure: and I found that he had the Artere in the wind pipe and the mouth of the stomach (which is the passage for meat & drink) quite cut. I did suddenly stitch up the wound taking the Artere, and drawing the two extremites as near as I could possibly one unto an other, but not of the mouth of the stomach, for that it was retired towards the stomach, than I applied remedies unto his wound, with astringents and fit Ligatures. As soon as ever he was thus dressed, he began to speak, and to name him that had committed this excess. The murderer was taken soon after in the Suburbs of Saint Marceau, and was found seized of the patient's goods whereupon he was put in prison, & the fact verified after the patient's death, the which was the fourth day after his wounding. The murderer was broken soon after and laid upon a wheel near unto Saint Catherine du Valdes Escholiers. M. AMB. PARE. lib. 9 Chap. 31.  
In the first troubles a gentleman having joined with the troops that did besiege Moulins in Bourbonois, was so surprised with sickness, as he could hardly follow the Company which dislodged; and being lodged at a Bakers, called JOHN MON, who seemed to be his friend and servant, he had such a confidence in him, as he had rather stay behind then go any farther, having made his host acquainted with his money, who promised to keep it safe for him (contrary to the common course of such men) with an other younger Brother of his of thirteen or fourteen years of age. But they wretch kept no promise with them, but chose as soon as night was come, he led them out of the house unto the ditch, where he did but half kill them so as they remained there Languishing a wholedaie, and could neither live nor die: Yet no man had compassion of them: But GOD took revenge a while after: for it happened, that this murderer being in guard, a Companion of his shot him by chance through the arm, whereof he languished for three months, and then died mad. History of France under CHARLES the ninth.  
The City of Bourges having been yielded by the Seignieur of juoy during the first troubles, those which had held it before were forbidden to talk within the City nor without, norto meet above two together. Among those which made a pastime, under colour of this decree to murder such as they met talking together, there was one called GARGET, Captain of the Quarter of Bourbonne, who made a practice of it. Who falling soon after into a burning fever, did run up and down the street, blaspheming the name of GOD, calling upon the Devil, and saying unto all, that if any one would go with him into hell, he would pay his charges, and so he died mad, whereat his Companions did but laugh. In the same History.  
PETER MARTIN, a rider in the King's stable, holding the post in a place called Liege, towards Poitou, a man without reproach, upon a simple accusation, without any other form of process, was condemned by a great Nobleman, during the fury of the first troubles to be drowned. This Nobleman commanded a falconer of his presently to execute the sentence, upon pain to be drowned himself if he did it not. The which was done. But GOD stayed not long to take revenge: for three days after, this Falconer and a Laquay, being fallen out for the spoils of this man, they slew one another. The which being reported unto the Lord, (a most unjust judge) it forced him to have some remorse, and to say openly, that he would it had cost him five hundred Crowns, so as this poor Rider had not been drowned. But it was a small esteem he made of an innocent man's life. In the same History lib. 7.  
Some troops of Peasants of Couleurs, Cerisiers, and other places in Champagne, having committed many murders and spoils in divers places, were defeated here and there, and did in a manner all perish of violent deaths, during the first troubles. I will note here two notable particularities concerning two of those troops. The one seeking to set fire to a house, fell down stark dead, being casually shot with a Harguebuse by one of his companions. The other dragging a poor man and his wife to a post to have them shot, received a shot with a Harquebus, which deprived him of his life, and his prisoners escaped by that means. In the same Book. It hath been observed in the last peace, that of a thousand murderers which have remained unpunished in regard of man, there are not ten which have not felt the revenging hand of GOD, and have not made most wretched ends.   

Strange, horrible, and very pitiful Accidents.  
IN our time, a Countryman of Because, who was reasonably well to live, binding up sheaves in the field, sent his Son home to fetch him somewhat, with whom (being returned) he was so angry (because he had stayed longer than he would have had him) that he flung a great clod of earth at his head, wherewith the boy fell down dead to the ground. The Father seeing it, covered him with sheaves, and in great despair got him home to his house, where his wife was bathing herself, and giving suck to a little child, whereof she was newly delivered: and went into his barn and hanged himself. Which being reported to the poor woman, by one that by chance had been in the Barn and seen him, with the fear she was in, and hast that she made to run thither, she let her child fall into the bath, where it was drowned. Presently thereupon, the poor woman almost beside herself with the woeful spectacle which she had seen, finding at her return the infant drowned, entered likewise into such despair, that she went back to the Barn, and there shutting the door to her, hung herself by her husband. What strange and horrible effects of the choler of an ill advised Father? and how great cause have Fathers, Mothers, and Children, to recommend themselves humbly and incessantly to God. Conformity of ancient marvels with modern.  
In the year 1578. a woman in the town of Bochne, bathing her little child, heard a pretty big boy of hers cry very pitifully without doors. Whereupon she ran out in all haste, and found him wounded to the death with a knife that he had in his hand, whereon by mischance he was fallen. The Mother exceeding heau●…e, returned to the little one in the bath, and found it drowned. Therewith the husband came in, and being in a mighty rage at such a spectacle, fell on his wife and killed her with beating. Seeing those three so strangely dead, urged by his conscience, and with compassion of such a sight, he sought about for a cord, wherewith he strangled himself. ANDREW DUDITIUS in the Treatise of Comets.  
In the Marquisate of Brandebourg, a certain Mother transported with a wonderful fury, killed her husband and two of her Children, and then having tied great stones about their necks, took them and cast them all three into the bottom of the River Odera▪ Master ANDREW HONDORFF in his Theatre of Examples.  
The year 1536. in a village of Silesia, named Kukendorff, another woman killed three of her Children, in the absence of her husband, and then killed herself. In the same Theatre.  
The year 1540 in a Village by Anneberg, a certain Countryman killed and flayed a Calf, in the presence of some little Children he had. And being gone abroad not long after about business, and his wife forth of doors, the children which were left at home, with a little one lying in the Cradle, went & committed an horrible Act. They took a Knife, and cut the little ones throat: singing, We will kill the Calf. But seeing the blood, and the little one dead, they began to be afraid, and went and hid them in the Furnace of the Stove. The Mother suspecting nothing, came home, and before she went into the Stove, kindled a great armful of Hemp shailes, and threw them into the Furnaces than she went into the Stove, and seeing her little one killed and lie bathing in his blood, she ran out into the street, crying for help. The neighbours came to her, and asked her what she ailed: she carried them into the Stove, and showed them the murder. As they were b●…sie looking on the child, the mother asked for the rest. They were called and sought for up and down: at length with the noise which the last made giving up the Ghost, they were found smothered in the Furnace. One of the neighbours had heard them sing, We will kill the Calf. JOB. FINCEL. in the 2. Book of the Marvels of his time.  
The twentieth day of November 1551. in a Village of Hesse, named Weidenhausen, a woman strangely desperate, having shut all the doors of her house, took a sharp Axe, and ran after her eldest Son, being some eight years of age. He perceiving his Mother's bad mind, ran away into the Cellar, and hid himself behind a barrel. She lighted a Candle, and sought him up and down in every corner of the Cellar. The Boy seeing her come, held up both his hands, and with tears be●…ought her to pardon him. But she neither regarding his tears nor prayers, clove his head in two, and then cut his arms in pieces. That done, she went out of the Cellar, and ran after a Daughter she had of five years old, whom she clove down to the middle. Behind the door stood a pretty lad of three years old, whom this fury caught by the hair of the head, and dragged him into a little yard, where she cut his throat. There lay an Infant of six months, crying in the Cradle, him she drew from his rest, and hurled him into the yard, and at the last chopped off his head. Which done, and no body left, she stabbed herself with a Knife into the throat: wherewith notwithstanding she died not presently. The neighbours that too late had heard the Children cry, after they had knocked a good while at the door, in the end broke it open, and finding that piteous spectacle, ran to the mother, who come to herself, and remaining a pretty while after alive, declared all that had passed, and with great acknowledgement of her sins, and hope of GOD'S mercy, yielded up the Ghost. JOB. FINCEL in the 2. book. Master ANDREW HONDORF in his Theatre.  
The year 1550. in a certain village of the country of Alsace, one ADAM STECKMAN a labouring man, that got his living by dressing of Vines, having received wages of a master of his that had set him on work, went to the Tavern and lost his money at Cards. Being exceedingly grieved, and thereupon taken with a pain in his head, he fell into desperation. Easter come, his wife, constrained by necessity, took her eldest son with her, & went to work in the Vines: desiring her husband to look to the house & children till she came again. Being alone, he fell into such thoughts, that overcome with despair by reason of his poverty, he determined to make himself away. Whereupon he took an Hammer and sought up and down for a place where he might knock in a nail to fasten a cord on, and hang himself. But finding none to his mind, a girl he had of seven years old, came unto him & asked him what he sought: without answering her, he went into the Stove, where a little boy somewhat younger followed him and asked him for bread: bring me a knife, said he, and I will give thee some. The girl ran and fet him one: wherewith he cut both their throats, and another little ones in the cradle. The mother at her return seeing that piteous spectacle, swooned, and died with grief. The murderer was apprehended, & executed as he deserved. The same.  
In the year 1555. a countryman hard by Aldendor●… in Hesse, ask his wife for his dinner, & she otherways busied, not making such haste as he would have had her, the wretch went & cut off one of the thighs of a little child he had lying in the Cradle, and carried it to the Mother, saying: Hold thee, take this giggot, and go roast it. GASPAR GOLET WRM, in the Treatise of Marvels.  
The same year, a woman great with child, in the Diocese of the County of Isenberg, gently entreated her husband to invite certain women to dinner, whom she meant to have at her labour. He surprised with strange fury, spurned and kicked her with his feet, than stabbed her in divers places with his dagger, & killed her together with her fruit. The same. It is 40▪ years ago, or thereabout, that a certain Italian named BARTHOLOMEW, being overthrown in a certain suit he had at Venice, which concerned his whole estate, so much forgot the power and mercy of GOD, that he concluded with himself, that his three daughters when they came to age, instead of being honourably married, were of necessity to be prostituted. To prevent the which he found no other mean (in his shop of whom he then took counsel, & that had put such a conclusion in his head) then to cut their throats while they were young: which he executed one night, having to that end borrowed a Barber's Razor, the evening before. The next day, every one ran to see that piteous spectacle, and found that one of his daughters had her hand almost half cut off, wherewith it is to be presumed she had thought to have resisted the father's rage. The report went afterward that this wretch had thrown himself down headlong from the top of a certain mountain, towards the County of Tirol, whither he was fled. In the treatise of the●… conformity of ancient marvels with modern. A Swisser having taken his wife in adultery, & pardoned her for the time, a little while after bethought himself, and revoking that pardon, killed her: alleging he could not endure a woman that had played him such a prank. Afterward, he dispatched his children likewise, saying, he would not have children, that should be called the children of a whore. And it is said, that when he had murdered his wife and children, he also murdered himself, falling down headlong from the top of a high Tower, having first written in a paper, which he pinned about him, the fact he had committed, and the reasons which had induced him thereunto, and that knowing he should die for the said fact, he chose rather to execute himself, then to suffer a shameful death. In the same treatise. A Milanese about the year 1560▪ understanding in France that his wife played false with him, and (as it is to be supposed) being thereof thoroughly informed, took post horse, and road home to Milan. where alighting, he went not in, but sent for his wife to the door, who coming to him, and seeming to be very joyful of his return, he shot her thorough with his Pistol, which done, he suddenly mounted again on his horse, and saved himself. In the same treatise. About the same time, or a little after, a woman of Switzerland having received another into her bed in steed of her husband, & perceiving afterward that she had been deceived, and that it was not her husband that had line with her, was so overcome with anger and grief, that she went and drowned herself. In the same.  
JOVIAN PONTANUS recounts, that an Italian Lord having killed one whom he suspected with his wife, was so straightly besieged by his brother, that out of all hope to escape, he killed her first, & his children after, and then threw himself down headlong from the highest tower of his Castle. Whereupon the brother of him that was killed, most cruelly murdered all such as he could meet withal, and knew to be any way of kin to that Italian lord In the same Treatise.  
A young Spanish Maid, having abandoned herself to a Gentleman, upon promise of marriage, which he had made her, though she were but meanly descended, understanding that he was married to another, conceived such hatred against him, that she conspired his death by all the means possible she could devise. And at last used this same: she persuaded him by her flattering letters to come again and see her. The time appointed, she attended him, having made all things ready, with the aid of an old woman confederate with her, for to entreat him as her wicked mind, provoked with an extreme desire of revenge, counseled her unto. Wherefore the better to accomplish her design, although at first she had received him with tears & complaints, yet seeming at length to be satisfied with reasons that he alleged, and to be somewhat appeased, she permitted him to use the same privity with her as before. Whereupon the Gentleman got him to bed, and she with him, staying but till he was a sleep for to execute her furious enterprise: which she performed, & not contented with many mortal wounds that she had given him (for awaking at the first, he found himself so pestered with a cord, which the old woman drew over him, that he was not able to stir either hand or foot) she used diverse cruelties against the dead body, before the fury of her rage could be extinguished. And for this strange murder she was beheaded, having voluntarily accused herself. In the same Treatise.  
The Wife of GEORGE WEDERING of Halberstad, of the age of 24. years, modest and virtuous, being brought in bed the 15. of November 1557. of a Daughter baptized the next day, was not found in her bed. The servant hearing the Child cry, came to the bed, thinking to find her Mistress, and to awake her. Being amazed at her absence, she runs to her Master, who being wonderfully perplexed, takes the Child in his arms, and seeks the Mother in every corner of the house. The streets were covered with snow, so as there was no show that she had passed out of the house. In the end the husband and the servant with others, went into the seller, but they here some trampling in the well which was near unto it. The husband much perplexed calls to his neighbours, and tells them his misery, whereupon they heard one in a garden which knocked at the door, and having opened it, they see the poor woman almost dead with cold, complaining that she had been long in the well, as her apparel did witness. Being demanded how she came into this well being close, and which had but a very little entrance, she could give no reason, neither was there any one that could conceive how it came. Being afterwards very sick for some days she began to recover her health, so as the 24. of December she did rise, swaddled her Child and set her down to dinner. The maid going into the Cellar to draw beer, she goes to bed and falls a sleep. The servant being returned finds her mistress a sleep, and the Cradle empty. Being amazed she runs to the well, coming unto her mind, and sees the Infant upon the water, the which was taken out by two of the Senators of the Town, in the presence of CONRADE de la PERCH, Minister of the Church. The Mother slept sound. After they had prayed at her beds feet, she opened her eyes, and began to say unto the assistants, why have you awaked me? I did enjoy an unspeakable content. I have seen my the Saviour, and I have heard the Angels, falling a sleep again, after four hours she did awake, remembers her child and calls for it, and finding it not, she afflicts and torments herself after a pitiful manner. A certain man named JOHN GVY, Son to EME GVY a Capper in the tow of Chastillon upon Lion, had been very disordered all his life, caused for the most part by the indulgence of his parents. It happened one Sater day in September 1565. that the Son was debauched according to this custom, and returned home very late, whereat the Father was much displeased, saying, that seeing he continued this wicked course, he should be in the end constrained to chase him out of his company. To whom the Son (being full of pride,) answered presomptuously, that he was ready to depart, even presently, so as they would give him his clothes: upon this dispute the Father went to bed, being forced to threaten his Son, if he would not be silent. In the end, seeing that he prevailed not, and not able any longer to bear the proud replies of his Son, he rise out of his bed in choler to punish his undutifullnesse: who seeing his Father approach in choler to beat him, he suddenly laid his hand upon his sword, and rebelling against his Father, thrust him through the Body. whereupon he fell suddenly to the ground, crying out with a loud voice that he was dead. The neighbours amazed at this cry, came in presently, and soon after the justice: who found the old man laid all along ready to give up the Ghost, dying presently after. The bloody sword was also found by his Son, who warmed himself, to whom the Father (moved with compassion, and forgetting the cruelty he had used against him,) had often said. Son save thyself. I pardon thee my death: the Mother had also given him the like council to escape: but GOD by his power did so stay him, as he had no power to fly. Being carried to prison and examined, at the first he covered his parricyde, accusing his Father that he had slain himself. But his excuses being found frivolous, he was condemned to have his right hand cut off, then to be pinched with hot pincers, and in the end hanged by the feet upon a gibbet, and strangled with a stone of six score pound which should be hanged at his neck. A wicked counterfeit being prisoner with him, advised him to appeal unto Paris. But having freely confessed the Parricide, he revoked his appeal and was executed. The History of our times.   

Of the Heart of man. divers Histories thereof in our time.  
Having pierced an Impostume grown of a long time upon the seventh turning joint, where through the venom of his corruption, it had made a great overture, and gnawn the innermost membrane of the heart▪ those which were present beheld one part of the heart which I did show them A. BENIVENIUS, in his book de abditis, causis Chap. 42.  
Two brethren gentlemen falling out at tables, the one of them gave the other a wound with his knife, just on the siege of the heart: the hurt gentleman bleeding exceedingly, was carried and laid on a bed: whereas all signs of death appeared. Being sent for I applied that to the heart which I thought ●…it to strengthen it. The patient having been as it were at deaths door until midnight, began to come to himself; and having used all the means possible I could devise for his preservation, at length I saw him cured: whereby I knew the heart had not been perished, as at the first I doubted, but the film or Capsula thereof (called PERICALDION by the greeks) was lightly tainted. The same Author Chap. 65.  
We have seen ANTHONY AL●…IAT hurt, and having his Pericordian untouched. True it is that he did sigh very much and loud. The internal parts being hurt, bring death four ways; either through necessity of their function and office, as the Lungs: or by reason of the excellency of their nature, as the heart: or through much loss of blood as the Liver, the great arteries, and veins: or through the malignity of Symptoms and accidents, as the neruie parts, the ventricle, and bladder. Although some parts be incurable, yet are they not mortal of absolute necessity: otherwise, death would ensue upon the incurable hurts of bones, gristles, and ligaments. The Pericordion then is not mortal of itself▪ but because it is impossible to attain it, without offending many other noble parts. CARDAN in his Commentary on the Aphorisms of Hipocrates, book. 6. apb. 18.  
Anatomizing a Scholar of mine, dead in the University of Rome, I found that this young man had no Pericardion: by means whereof in his lifetime he swooned very often, and seemed as one dead▪ through which defect at length he died. COLUMBUS, book 15. of his Anatomy.  
A certain Thief, being taken down from the gallows, where he had been hanged, and not quite strangled, was carefully looked unto and recovered. But like an ungracious wretch as he was, returning to his old trade again, he was apprehended and thoroughly hanged. Whereupon we would needs Anatomize him, and we found that his heart was all hairy. Which is likewise reported among the Grecians of Aristomenes, of Hermogenes the Rhetorician, of Leonydas, of Lysander, and others, namely of a dog that ALEXANDER the great had. This hair denotes not only promptitude of Courage, and perverse obstinacy: but many times valour contemning all danger. BENIVENIUS in Chap. 83. de Abditis causis. Upon a certain time making the Anatomy of a man at Ferrara, we found his heart clean covered over with hair, and indeed he had been all his life time a desperate ruffian, and a notable thief. AMATUS the Portugal, in Centur. 6 Cur. 65.  
Being at Venice and present at the execution of a very notorious thief, the hangman that quartered his body, found his heart marvelous hairy. M. A. Muret book. 12. of his divers readings, Chap. 10. I have see●…e the sep●…um, that distinguisheth the ventricles of the heart, to be a gristle in some men's Bodies: in others the left ventricle wanting, or so little as it could hardly be discerned. Columb. book. 15. of his Anatomy. I found in two men's bodies that I opened, a bone in the roots of the great artery, and of the arteryall vain. CORN. GEMMA in the 2. book of his Cyclognomia, pag 75. In another I found a little bone between the gristly circles of the heart, & the chief artery and arterial vein, like to the bone which is commonly found in the heart of a stag. CORN. GEMMA in the 1. book Chap. 6. of his Cosmocritif.  
Doctor MELANCHTHON in his first book of the Soul, testifies of CASIMIR Marquis of Brandebourg, a Prince greatly afflicted in his life time with sundry griefs, and consumed with long watchings, that being opened after his decease, the humour enclosed in the fylme of the heart was ●…ound quite dried up, and the heart so scorched that it was like a pear burnt in the fire. TH. JORDAN. in the 1. book of signs of the plague, Chap. 16.  
Not long since a Roman gentleman died, after he had languished along time. Being opened, no heart appeared, neither was there any part of it but the fylme left: the unmeasurable heat of his long sickness having wholly consumed it. BERN. JELASIUS in the 28. Chap. of the 5. book, of the nature of things.  
A young Prince, being sickly, and very much troubled with a pain at the heart, assembled a great many Physicians together for to consult of his disease. Among others there was a young practitioner, who declared how he had read in certain notes, that the use of garlic every morning expels a kind of worm that feeds upon the heart. But both the remedy and the young man that propounded it were despised. Not long after this Prince died, and his body was opened by the commandment of his Father, for to see the cause of his sickness & death. The dissection made, they found a white worm, having a sharp bill of horn like a p●…llets, gnawing the heart. The Physicians took it alive and laid it on a table, in a circle made of the juice of garlic. The worm began to writhe and wriggle every way, still eschewing the juice that compassed it about. Finally surmounted by the strength and savour of the garlic, it died within the circle: to the astonishment of those that had despised so easy a remedy. I. HEBANSTEIF in his treatise of the plague.  
It is not long ago that in the great Duke of Tuscans Court, a certain Florentine being assistant at the merry conceits of a pleasant jester, was suddenly seized with unexpected death: whereat the company and his friends being much abashed, for their better satisfaction, after he was known to be stark dead, they had him opened: and there was no cause discerned of such a death but only a live worm, which the A●…atomists found in the capsula or film of the heart. P. SPHARER Physician: in his Observations.  
A certain woman having voided for the space of many da●…es together a thick and purulent urine, at length died, and being opened, was found interressed in the heart with certain impostumes and two stones. I. HOULIER, Comment 1. on the 6. book sect. 2. aphoris. 4. of HIPPOCRAT. and the Comment. on the 75. aph. of the 4. book. The Emperor MAXIMILIAN the second had three little stones found in his heart of the bigness of a pease, but not of equal quantity and weight. In his life time he was very much afflicted with a panting of the heart. I. wire in the 4. book Chap. 16. of the impostures of evil spirits. In the heart of JEROME SCHEIBER that died at Paris in the year 1547. & was opened in the presence of SILVIUS, HOULIER & FERNEL, professors in Physic, there was found an hard, blackish round stone as big as a nutmeg and weighing Certain drams, to the great wonder of all men. AER MURGEL Physician.  
In divers men's hearts there are found Corns or hard things, like unto stones of the bigness of a nut: in others fat in the ventricles, or very thick Carnosities, sometimes of two pound weight: or other substance like the marrow of sodden beef. Also tumours & impostumes of the bigness of an hen's egg, which in some have caused co●…ruption of the membrane of the heart, in others wasting of the heart itself, in others mattory and long congealed ulcers. The History of them are described by the Doctors of Physic. BENIVENIUS, JACOT, VESALIUS, ERASTUS, COLUMBUS, FERNELIUS, HOULIER, JOUBERT, and others in their observations, Commentaries, and disputations. Which it shall suffice to have touched in a word.  
Touching the hurts of the heart, FERNELIUS in the fi●…t book of his Panthologia, Chap. 12. holds that if they be not deep, and penetrated far into the ventricles of the heart, the person hurt dies not presently. To which effect JOHN SCHENCK, of Grafenberg, Doctor of Physic at Fribourg recounts in the 2. book of his Physickall Observations, Observe 209. that he had heard a learned Physician tell, how a certain scholar studying at Ingolstad, beaing stabbed with a poniard into the heart, the two ventricles whereof were found pierced through and through, ran a good way bleeding, and lived a full hour after, speaking and commending himself to God.  
I protest I have seen a gentleman at Thurin, which fought with another, that gave him a thrust under the left pap penetrating even into the substance of the heart, and yet for all that he struck divers blows at his enemy that ran away from him, pursuing him the length of two hundred pace, and then fell down dead to the ground. After which I opened him, and found a wound in the very substance of the heart, so big, that one might have laid his finger in it, and a great quantity of blood fallen upon the Diaphragma. AMER. PAIR in the 9 Book, Chap. 32.   

Of Comets.  
IN this Section I will briefly represent the Comets seen in Europe for these hundred years or thereabouts, adding that which GARCEUS in his meteorology, LICHOSTENES and others have observed upon this point. In the year 1500. in the month of April, a Comet appeared in the North, under the sign of Capricorn. The same year Prince CHARLES was borne, afterwards Emperor, the 5. of that name: and SOLYMAN Sultan of the Turks. Soon after followed the spoil, which the Tartars made in Polonia, the famine in Swabe; a plague throughout all Germany; the taking of Naples by the French; A rising of the peasants in the Bishop rike of Spire, against the Bishop and the Canons: the taking of Modon and some other places in Morea by the Turks: ISHMAEL sophy expelled out of the kingdom of Persia by the Turks, whereof they ceased. The second year after the plague, made a horrible spoil, almost throughout all the whole world, the which had for forerunners, figures of crosses falling out of the air upon men's clothes. A war followed in Bavaria two years after this plague. after the which many great men, both spiritual & temporal died. The Emperor MAXIMILIAN the 1. vanquished the gelders; and then the Hongariens, whom he reduced under his obedience. In the year 1506. a Comet appeared in August towards the North, covering the signs of Leo and Virgo, having near unto the Chariot a thick and shining tail, stretched out betwixt the wheels of this Chariot, for which cause some Astronomers called it the Peacock's tail. In September after, died PHILIP the 1. king of Spain, father to CHARLES' and FERDINAND Emperors. The same year the Turks were defeated in battle by the Persians, and on the other side, they took Modon in Morea from the Christians, and defeated their fleet. Then followed a civil war betwixt BAJAZET and his son SELIM: and FRANCIS SPORCE Duke of Milan, was taken in Italy by the French. As for that which happened in the following years, the History of our time doth show it, as well in respect of wars, Inundations, death of famous men, and marvelous alterations in Europe, the causes whereof we will attribute to the just judgements of GOD, punishing the sins of the world: we say only that Comets seem oftentimes to be forerunners and Trumpets of the wonderful judgements of the Lord, as a French Poet speaking of a Comet seen in the year 1577. said in the 2. day of his week.  

O frantic France! why dost not thou make use,  
Of the strange signs, whereby the Heavens induce  
Thee to repentance? canst thou tearless gaze,  
Even night by night on that prodigious blaze,  
That hairy Comet, that long streaming Star,  
Which threatens Earth, with Famine, Plague, and War:  
(The Almighty's Trident, and three forked fire,  
Wherewith he strikes us in his greatest ire?)   
But let us consider the other Comets, according to the order of the years. In November 1523. there was seen a Comet, and soon after, the heavens seemed all on fire, casting forth infinite flames of lightning upon the earth, the which did tremble: afterwards there happened strange Inundations of water in the realm of Naples. Soon after followed the taking & captivity of Francis 1. King of France: Germany was troubled with horrible seditions. LEWIS King of Hungary was slain in battle against the Turks. There were wonderful stirs throughout all Europe, and Rome was taken and spoiled by the imperial Army. In the same year of the taking and sack of Rome, which was 1527. there was seen another more fearful Comet than the precedent: there followed after it the great spoils which the Turks made in Hungary: a famine in Swabe, Lombardie, and at Venice: war in Zuitzerland: the siege of Vienna in Austria: the Sweat▪ in England: the overflowing of the Sea in Holland and Zealand, where it drowned a great Country, and an Earthquake in Portugal▪ which continued eight days.  
In the year 1531. from the 6. of August unto the 3. of September, there appeared a Comet, marching slowly by the signs of Cancer, Leo, Virgo, & Libra, the which was followed by many troubles & great changes in Germany, in Denmark and elsewhere: and another Comet was seen the year following greater than it. Soon after in the year 1533. appeared an other Comet in the end of july. Historians write the wonderful changes which followed it. Those of the year 1538. 1556. 1558. and in the following years unto this age, ●…aue been wonderful, having Eclipses of the Sun most commonly going before them. And as for that which hath happened since in Europe, no man is ignorant thereof, if he be not exceeding ignorant. The most fearful of all the Comets in our time, was that in the year 1527▪ for the sight of it struck such a terror into many, as some died, others fell sick. It was seen of many thousands of people, seeming very long and of a bloody colour. On the top thereof was seen the representation of a crooked arm holding a great sword in his hand, as if he would strike. At the point of this sword were three stars▪ but that which touched the point directly, was more clear and shining then the rest. On either side of the beams of this Comet were seen many battleaxes, daggers, bloody swords, among the which they did mark a great number of men's heads cut off, having their beards & hair horribly curled. And have we not seen for the space of 3●…. years, throughout all Europe, the terrible effects upon the earth of this presage in Heaven. But we may not forget the new star, as great as the day star, the which appeared among the fixed Stars, near unto Cassiopeia the 9 of November 1572. having the form of a Lozenge. CORNELIUS GEMMA and other learned Astronomers, which have written Books thereof, say that it continued still in one place for the space of three weeks, and they hold that it resembled the star the which appeared to the Wisemen coming to adore JESUS CHRIST in Bethlehem, presently after his birth. It continued in the firmament 9 months or there about. Others say that it lasted until the beginning of March 1574. fading by little and little. GEMMA speaks wonders in the 2. Book of the Cosmocritique. Chap. 3. But for that he doth discourse & dispute thereof at large, it shall suffice us to note this wonder, the which he esteems marvelous (as in deed it was) among all the extraordinary wonders of Heaven, since the nativity of our Saviour.   

A violent Compassion.  
HUSSAN AGA one of SULTAN SOLIMAN'S Chamberlins, sent by his Master to treat a Peace, with the Persian, according to the commission that was given him, he seized upon BAJAZET son to SOLIMAN, being prisoner in Persia, and by the father's commandment strangled him with a bowstring. His four sons past the same way. Flying out of Amasia he had left one newly borne, the which SOLIMAN had caused to be carried to Prusse in Bithynia, where it was brought up. But news being come, that BAJAZET was dispatched, SOLIMAN sent a groom of his Chamber (in whom he trusted much,) to Prusse, to put this little Infant to death. This Eunuch or Groom of his Chamber, being a man of a mild disposition, had carried with him one of the Ushers of the Chamber (a man fit to execute all desperate and bloody Commissions) to use him for the strangling of BAIAZET'S little son. He enters into the Chamber, and putting the cord about the child's neck to strangle him, the Infant began to smile on him, and rising up, stretcheth forth his little arms to embrace him, striving to kiss him. This countenance did so move the heart of this Barbarian, as not able to pass any further, he fell down dead in a swoon.  
The Eunuch amazed at his long stay, goes up, and offering to enter, he found the Usher lying all along at the Chamber door, but not daring to fail in his Commission, he strangled this poor Infant with his own hands. Which shows that the Grandfather SOLIMAN had not spared his little grandchild a while, for any pity that he had; but delayed it according to the opinion of the Turks, who say that GOD is the author of all things that are done, so as the event be to their liking. And therefore so long as BAIAZET'S affairs were in any doubt or suspense▪ SOLIMAN would not have the little Infant touched: lest that if he did prosper, they would say, that SOLIMAN had resisted the will of God. But after the death of BAJAZET (held as it were condemned by a divine decree, seeing had been disappointed of his designs, and then rooted out) SOLIMAN resolved that the child was no longer to be kept. The Signior of Busbeque in the discourse of his voyages into Turkey. Epist. 4.   

Conceptions and Deliveries before they were of age.  
FERRAND of S. Severin, the worthy Prince of Salerne, last deceased, hath told me in the Town of Alais, where he was married; that for certain, in his Country of Salerne, a young Maid had borne a child, being but 9 years old, the which lived, I have heard speak of an other at Paris, who was delivered of a child at ten years of age. It is very credibly reported, that at Lectore a Town in Gascony one had a child at 9 years of age. She is yet living, called JOAN DE PEIRIE who was married to VIDAV BEGHE, being in his life time Receiver of the Fines for the King of Navarre in that place: she miscarried of a Son at the age of 9 years, then at 11. she had a Daughter which lived, and hath had children: at 14. she had a son called LAURENCE, yet living: at 16. an other also living, called PETER. Five years after, which was the 21. year of her age she had a daughter, at this day Widow to an Apoticary: And then she left being with child: although her husband lived: she was a little Woman nor very corpulent, who in April 1577. was 44. years old. I have seen her and talked with her fully of these matters. She told me among other things, that after her first child, whereof she miscarried being but 9 years old, she had always her courses very orderly. Having left bearing of children at the age of 21. years, she continued still with her husband the space of 19 years. Maist. LAURENCE JOUBERT lib; 2. of popular errors. ca 2.  
Monsieur CHAPPELAIN Physician to King FRANCIS the 1. protested unto me, that he had seen a maid that at nine years of age was with child, went out her time, and was delivered. SILVIUS in his Commentary of women's terms. I. FOXIUS hath written the like of a maid of 9 years old.   

Notable Continency.  
LUCHIN VIVALDE a rich Gentleman of Genoa, young, goodly and of a good fashion, fell extremely in in love with a poor young Maid, that was exceeding fair, called JANIQVETTE, and tried all means possible to win her for his Concubine. But it was in vain; this Virgin's chastity was invincible, who in the end was married to a Bankerour, with whom although she lived by the labour of her hands with pain, yet she carried herself virtuously, and had many children in this loyal marriage. LUCHIN, who had married a fair and rich Gentlewoman, by the advice of his kinsfolks, did not leave to love JANIQVETTE still, and under pretext of favour and good will to the Bankrupt, he laboured to corrupt his Wife, who was constant and immovable, to the great amazement of LUCHIN, who admired this singular virtue; and in the end seemed to su●…ceasse, yet not alltogeather renouncing his pursuit and vicious hopes. It happened (during this time) that the Bankrupt was taken prisoner by Pirates, and carried away, so as his wife at one instant seemed to be oppressed with extreme want and despair. The dearth was great at Genoa, she was charged with four or five small children, crying for bread which she wanted, and all human means to help them. Motherly charity drives her to a resolution of despair. She goes directly to LUCHINS' house, whom she met all alone: he being ravished to see her, was more amazed at her countenance, then at the words she used. Being prostrate at his feet, she said, she was come to yield herself unto him, that she was ready to submit herself wholly unto his will, without any resistance, as she had formerly done: beseeching him to relieve her poor children oppressed with hunger. LUCHIN surprised by contrary motions, was in the end vanquished by reason, and poslest with a good spirit, he said unto the poor woman kneeling at his feet. I will now vanquish myself; I will preserve your honour, which I have contrary to my duty so much sought to spoil, and will assist you with a sincere affection, as mine own Sister▪ In saying so, he led her to his Wife, reporting all that was, and recommending poor JANIQVETTE unto her, who was relieved with all her family, and LUCHINS' continency was presently published, to the great amazement of all men. History of Italy.   

Of a Man's body hardened or become a stone.  
IN the year, 1596. Monsieur BILLIOCTI, an honourable person of the Town of Aix in Provence, being at Lions, he reported to the Lord & Lady of Botheon, (many others being present) and then set it down under his own hand, that which followeth. In the year 1583. a Citizen of Aix in Provence, having a place planted with Olives a Harguebuse shot from the Gates of the Town, he resolved one day to cause a certain little rock to be broken which was in this Orchard. Having well advanced the work, there was found in the midst of the Rock, the body of a Man whole, of a small stature, incorporated within the Rock, in such sort as the stone of the rock did fill up the void places that were betwixt one member and another. And that which was yet more admirable, although the bones were very much hardened, yet in scraping them with your nail, they went to powder. But the marrow of them was so hard as no stone was more, neither was it possible to pull any away. His Brain was so hardened and stony, as with an iron (such as the strike fire with) the sparkles would fly, as out of a flint. All these things of the brain & marrow remained in the custody of Master BALTHAZER de la Barle dwelling at Aix, and first Audiencer in the Chancery of Provence. All this above written I have seen with mine eyes said BILLIOCTI, being a good witness, having held in my hands the Brain of this body covered with a skull of one side. The which I attest to be true. In witness whereof I have signed this present, the 22. of November 1596. BILLIOCTI. Memoires of Lions.   

Guilty Consciences.  
THere is no rampart to a good conscience, nor a crueler torment them an evil. Examples of the one and the other are infinite. As for the terrors of conscience caused by the remembrance of misdeeds, especially in regard of innocent blood, behold some histories. A certain Host being a man of good reckoning in a town of Germany had one only daughter, well qualified and of good means. The servant of the house, an honest & a proper man, sued to have her in marriage: but was denied, by reason he was a stranger and a poor servant. Nevertheless because he had always showed himself faithful, the goodman going to the Bath with his wife and daughter, left him the charge of his house. During their absence, a Merchant came to this Inn, where the night following he had his throat cut by this servant, who buried him in the stable, and the next day sold his horse & apparel. This murderer remained unknown. The Host returned from the bath, & thinking his servant had governed his house as he ought, began to love & esteem him more than ever he had done before. Not long after the Murderer bethought him of a wile. He counterfeited letters, in certain of his kins folks names, which advertised him of his father's death, and therefore counseled him to come down into the Country. Returning from market, he showed these letters, & 80 pieces of Gold to his Master: adding that though his friends had willed him to buy a horse, he would not be at such charge, but was minded to go a foot; and that he undertook this journey very unwillingly as desiring nothing more than to continue still with his said master To whom having given the most part of his gold to keep, with promise to return again, he went his way. Though it were somewhat discommodious at that time for the Goodman to let him go, yet thinking those letters to be true, he gave him leave. Within a while after he came again, and committed a greater sum unto his Master, giving him to understand that his father had left him very much, and played his part so well that the Host gave him his daughter to wife, and finally he became heir to his father in-law: and in time because he carried himself exceeding honestly, he was elected into the number of the Magistrates of the town: wherein he so well discharged his duty, that there was no fault to be found in him. But his Conscience so tormented him, that condemned by it, he chose rather to accuse himself and di●…, then to languish any longer. Being one day called by his fellow Magistrates to sit upon a certain Murderer, he rose betimes in the morning, and going to hear Mass, desired his Wife, with whom he had always lived very quietly & lovingly, to make him ready some good bit or other, alleging he was not very well, and was to be that day at an Arraignment. Being returned home from Mass, he was told that there was a calves head provided for his Breakfast, a meat which he loved marvelous well. Desirous to see it, he opened the Cupboard where it was: but seized with horror and fear, he asked who had locked up a man's head into the Cupboard? his Wife showed him that he was deceived: whereupon coming to himself, he made a light breakfast, and going to the Council Chamber, sat down in his accustomed place. When it came to him to deliver his opinion, having declared that by the Laws the Murderer upon whom they sat was to lose his head, he stood up, and said, that he had also deserved the like punishment. Where upon he declared in order the circumstances of the murder by him perpetrated in his late masters house, and all that had ensued thereof▪ earnestly desiring them, that he might be beheaded. Some thinking that some melancholy humour made him talk so, counseled him to go home, and get Physicians about him. whereunto he answered saying, I know you have a good opinion of me: and indeed I am not culpable of any Crime punishable by man's Law, but this same. Notwithstanding I instantly beseech you to take my head from my shoulders, and so deliver me from the horrible torment I have endured & that justly, ever since the time of my offence. Therewith the judges caused the place to be digged, which he had told of, where the bones of the murdered Merchant according to his saying were found whereupon he was lead of his own accord to the place of execution, and beheaded with the other murderer. JOHN JAMES GRYNEUS, a learned divine, in his Commentary on the Proghet Jonas, Chap. 1. pag. 123. etc.  
I have heard that not many years since a certain man in the town of Lipsic went of his own accord to the judge of the place, unto whom he voluntarily confessed that he was one of them which had robbed the Electors wagons of Saxony, adding that he had rather die, then endure the torment of his conscience any longer. The same Author  
Some forty six years ago or thereabout two brothers dwelling at Lausanna, and hewing wood in the mount jura, the younger fell out upon some slight occasion with the elder, and gave him such a blow with his axe on the head, that he overthewe him to the ground, where he made an end of him, and then buried him. Returning home, he told their Mother that his said Brother had willed him to excuse him unto her, and was gone into Germany, for to see the Country, hoping to be at home again by such a time. Their Mother being therewith satisfied, the murderer went up every day to the mountain, and kneeling down on his brother's grave, wept very bitterly and asked GOD forgiveness. Having continued thus certain months, and never suspected of any such matter, coming one day from the mountain, as he was almost at home, he looked behind him, and spied the Burgomaster, (which is the chiefest magistrate of that place under the protection of the Canton of Berne) followed by an Officer in his livery, he ran away as fast as he could to the other end of the town. The Burgomaster marveling at it, commanded his officer to run after him. The Officer followed him, and cried stop him, stop him. Whereupon divers came running into the street and stayed him. The Burgomaster, a wise man, committed him to prison, where having examined him, he confessed the whole matter unto him, and was executed as he deserved, going to his death with such constancy and penitent sorrow for his offence, that all that beheld him melted into tears. I received this discourse from an excellent parsonage, that was present at his arraignment, and saw his end.  
One called N. LAIN, borne at Tholouse, having attempted his Father's death, escaped away, and got to Geneva, where he continued a certain time unknown. Upon a day walking along by the Town ditch, and espying some of the Magistrates with their Officers afar off, he ran as fast he could towards the bridge of Arua, which was hard by, for to save himself in another signory. The Officers ran after him, and with the aid of those that met him on the way, apprehended him: who presently in his own talk bewrayed himself. Being carried to prison and kept very close, at last he confessed his detestable attempt. The Magistrates of Geneva sent an Herald to Tholouse, and by a Copy of his indictment, which was sent them, understood the truth of LAINES' confessions, who was executed, and even to the very last gasp showed a lively and notable repentance of his faults. Memorials of the History of Geneva.   

Eceeding strange Cruelty punished.  
THe year 1514. happened the horrible sedition & butchery of the Croysadoes in Hungary. There was a general discontent amongst the people against the King and the chiefest of the realm, because they went not about to conquer those places again from the Turk (than very much entangled elsewhere) which he held in Hungary. But King LADISLAUS loving his ease, little regarded it, and his Nobles ruled him in such sort that he commanded them in nothing. Thereupon the Pope's Legate published pardons for all those that would Cross themselves to go war against the Turk. Suddenly there gathered together a wonderful Company of thieves and robbers, from every corner of Hungary. And therewith all great multitudes of the Commons (not able any longer to bear the insolencies of the Nobility, much less of the Bishops) flocked from all parts to the Campe. The King's negligence had given liberty to the intolerable dissoluteness and Cruel●…ie of the Lords over their subjects. This army of Commons having created them a general, in an instant dispersed themselves & committed a most horrible spoil almost all over Hungary: murdering all the Gentlemen and Bishops they could meet with all. The richest & those that were noblyest descended were empaled alive. This cruel rage continuing, the King began to stir, & by his command certain towns joining their forces to a number of the Nobility under the conduct of a Lord named BORNEMISSE, had some Conficts with those Croysadoes, wherein a great sort of them were slain, & many taken which were executed in the Capital City of the Realm. Finally JOHN the Son of VAIVODE STEVEN▪ (that afterwards possessed himself of the kingdom) defeated them in a set Battle, and having cut the most part of them in pieces, he took their Leaders, whom he put to death with such strange torments as I have horror to remember it, for he caused the General of these Peasants called GEORGE, to be stripped naked, upon whose head the executioner set a Crown of hot burning iron: then he opened some of his veins, and made LUCATIUS his Brother drink the blood which issued from them. After that the chiefest of the Peasants (who had been kept three days without meat were brought forth, and forced to fall upon the body of GEORGE (yet breathing) with their teeth, and every one to tear away and eat a piece of it. In the midst of these horrible torments, GEORGE never cried; but only beesought them to take pity of his Brother LUCATIUS, whom he had forcibly drawn into that war. GEORGE being torn in pieces, his bowels were pulled out and cut into morsels, and some being boiled and the rest roasted, the Prisoners were constrained to feed on them: which done all that remained with LUCATIUS were put to most horrible and Languishing deaths. An example of greater cruelty can hardly befounde since the world was a world. And no marvel if GOD hath punished the King and the Realm of Hungary for such strange and extraordinary Cruelties, suffering the cruellest people of the North, namely the Turks, to make that spoil which they have and continually yet do there. Cruel chastisements are prepared for them that be cruel and inhuman. The following Books shall represent a great number of other Histories of strange accidents and cruelties. JOACH: CUREUS in his Annals of Silesia, pag. 233.  
During the Peasant's war in Germany, in the year 1525. both before and since, a Gentleman their enemy, not content to have massacred a great number, even of those which had humbly craved pardon of him, confessing that they had been ill advised, he gloried in all companies of his brave exploits, adding thereunto a commendation of his thefts, having cut many good purses, and slain great store of cattle. Some months after this fury, he fell sick, and languished many days of an extreme pain in the Reins of his back, the which thrust him into such despair, as he did not cease to curse and deny his Creator, (who is patient, just, and fearful in revenge,) until that both speech and life failed him. The severity of GOD'S justice doth yet pursue his house: for soon after, his eldest Son seeking to exalt the prowess and valour of his Father, who in the Peasant's war had done wonders above mentioned, and excelled all his companions: and vaunting much of these valiant exploits in an open assembly at a Banquet, a Countryman, moved at this bravery, draws out his Dagger, and strikes him dead upon the place. Some few days after, the plague falls into this cruel man's house, and kills all that remained.  
In the year 1577. in the beginning of September, the fire of the second troubles being kindled in France: the Precedent of Birague, (afterwards Chancellor and Cardinal) being at that time Governor of Lion, there were then in Lion, two brethren called BOURGATS, Goldsmiths by their professions, but very much disordered. As the liberty of those times did give means to many to glut their passions upon them whom they did malice: the BOURGATS laid hands upon a companion of theirs a Dyer, upon pretext that he was of a contrary religion: but it was to revenge themselves for a quarrel which they had formerly against him, and not ended to their liking. They take him and lead him to their dwelling house, towards the Abbey of Esnay, being out of the way, far from resort of people. They bind him fast hand and foot▪ and then tie him by the neck unto the Chimney, so as he did hang upright, not being able to sit nor lean any way. They leave him in this sort a whole day, threatening him with present death. At night they bring in men of their own sort and living to Supper, to be spectators of this Tragedy: they are merry and make good cheer, and after Supper they spend the time, some in playing at Cards, others in pinching, pricking, and burning the nose of this poor prisoner, being bond hand and foot, and tied in the corner of the Chimney. This continued until eleven of the clock at night, when their companions went away and retired. As for the BOURGATS, without proceeding any further, they cast themselves clothed, with their sword by their sides, upon a Bed, where they both fell presently a sleep. Their Laquay (who was in the corner of the Chimney,) doth as the Masters. The prisoner perceiving them all a sleep, and remembering how they had threatened him, begins to think how he might escape, and having recommended himself to GOD, from whom only he attended help, he did st●…iue in such sort, as he untied one hand, and then the other, afterwards his neck, and lastly his feet. Being thus loose, he was mightily perplexed what he should do. For if these people did awake, he was but a dead man, having no means to defend himself, they being armed, and he disa●…med, and he alone against three: for the Laqueye was grown great. If he had had a Table cloth, a Sheet or a Covering, he might have slipped down by the window: but in opening it, the noise might awake them, so as they might follow him and over take him, the ways being strongly and very straightly guarded: In this grievous perplexity, he discovers, that the Laquay (who slept in the other corner of the Chimney) had a Dagger at his Girdle. He therefore resolves to kill those two brothers his enemies with this Dagger.  
But there was some difficulty and hazard in the taking of it, for that the Laquaye awaking would give the Alarm, yet by the light of the fire, he comes softly unto him, and draws out his Dagger, so quickly, and in such sort as the Laquay stirred not. Having it, he suddenly went up into the Chamber, and leapt upon the BOURGATS, and stabs either of them in the breast with this Dagger. As he would have doubled his stroke, one of them leaps up and lays hold of an Halberd which stood hard by, he runs after the Dyer, who flies down the stairs apace to save himself, at the foot whereof this BOURGAT fell, and presently died. The Dyer mounts again, and finds the other dead in the Chamber. He begins to threaten the Laquaye to kill him presently, if he made any noise: he took a Candle, lead the Lackey into the Seller, and forceth him to eat, and to drink a Glass of Wine, than he binds him surely, doing him no other harm, bars the Cellar door, comes up and takes that which was easiest to be transported, out of his enemy's Chamber. And at the break of day, the Guards being raised, he leaves the house locked, and so gets out at Saint SEBASTIAN'S gate, without any hindrance or stay, the which was to be admired, seeing they suffered none to go out but with a Passport. The friends and companions of BOURGATS, seeing them neither in the morning nor after Dinner, grew into some doubt, and after notice given to the Captain of the Quarter, under whom these BOURGATS had charge and command, with his consent, they broke open the door, and then drew forth the Laquay, who cried for help in the Cellar, and found the rest as we have said. The Dyer lived some time after, and reported this History to many, and died elsewhere. Memoires of Lion.   

Notable deliverances and by extraordinary means.  
SIMON GRINEUS a learned parsonage, among many of our time, being gone from Heidelberg to Spire, in the year 1529. where there was an Imperial Diet held, was desirous to hear a certain Preacher much esteemen for his eloquence. But hearing many propositions come from him against the Majesty and truth of the Son of God. At the end of the Sermon: he followed the Preacher, saluted him courteously, and entreated him to hear him with patience. They enter mildly into discourse. GRINEUS shows him his errors gravely and plainly, and puts him in mind what POLICARPUS (a Disciple to the Apostles) was accustomed to do: if he chanced to hear any untruth or blasphemy in the Church: exhorting him in the name of GOD to think of his conscience, and to leave his erroneous opinions. The Preacher cuts him off short, seeming to have a desire to confer more privately, as having haste to go home to his house: He demands GRINEUS name, and surname, and his lodging, in●…iting him to see him the next day, to discourse more amply together, and makes great show to affect GRINEUS friendship: adding, that the public should receive great profit by this their conference. Moreover he shows GRINEUS his house, who resolved to visit him at the hour appointed, and so retires to his Inn. But the Preacher distempered with his censure, devised in his thoughts, a prison, a Scaffold, and death, for GRINEUS: who dining with many worthy men, reported unto them, what speeches he had had with this Preacher. Thereupon one calls for Doctor PHILIP, being set at the Table near unto GRINEUS, who goes out of the Stove, and finds a grave old man, of a lovely countenance, well appareled, and unknown, who with a grave and pleasing speech began to say: That within one hour there would Officers come into the Inn, sent from the King of the romans, to carry GRINEUS to prison. The old man adds therewithal a commandment to GRYNEUS to dislodge speedily out of Spire, exhorting PHILIP not to defer it▪ And then the old man vanished away. Doctor PHILIP, who hath reported this History, In his commentary upon the Prophet Daniel, Chap. 10. adds these words: I came unto the company, and delivered what the old man had said unto me, willing them to rise from the Table. Presently we crossed the Market place, having GRINEUS in the midst of us, and went directly to the Rhine, which GRINEUS passed speedily with his servant, in a Boate. Seeing him in safety we returned to the Inn, where it was told us, that presently after our departure, the Sergeants were come to seek for GRINEUS. GOD be praised, who hath given us his Angels for Gardiens, that with more peaceful thoughts we may do our duties in the vocation whereunto he hath called us.  
In the year 1539. in the beginning of june, an honest widow-woman, charged with two Sons in Saxony, having not wherewithal to live in a time of great famine, attired herself and her Sons in their best clothes, going towards a certain Fountain to pray unto GOD, to have pity of them and to relieve them. Coming forth, she meets with a grave man, who salutes her courteously, and after some speech, he demands of her, if she thought to find any thing to eat at that Fountain? The woman answered; Nothing is impossible to God. If it were not difficult for him to feed the Children of Israel forty years in the desert, should it be troublesome to nourish me and mine with water? Speaking these words with a great courage, this man (whom I hold to have been an Angel) said unto her. Seeing thy faith is so constant, return to thy house, and thou shalt find three laden with meal, she rerurned, and did see the effect of this promise. Doctor ANDREW HONDORF, in his Theatre of Examples.  
In the year 1553. the 18. of November, it happened at Sehilde, a little Town in the Diocese of Torge, that VRBAIN ERMTRAUT, an inhabitant of that place, having a deep Well, but half dry, by reason of certain stones that were fallen out of the wall, did bargain with a Mason called VRBAIN HEMBERG, to put those stones into their places. Having fitted himself with pieces of wood, and a scaffold in the Well, he goes down lower with a Ladder, to take up a Hammer which he had left among the stones. He was scarce gone down, but the earth and stones shake, and fill up the Well, and cover the Mason who was at the foot of the Ladder. All run thither, and hold the man to be smothered, adding that they must fill up the Well, and that should be his grave. The justice resolved, that they should pull out all this rubbish, and ordains, that the Mason's body should be buried among other Christians in the common Churchyard. According to this decree, they begin to work the 11. of the same month. About two of the clock after noon, the workmen labour to draw out a great stone, and finding that it was hollow underneath, they put down a long pole to sound the depth. They prick the poor Mason on the nose with the end of this pole, who began to cry and to entreat them to draw him out. The workmen hearing this confused sound labour with more courage than before, and about ten of the clock at night they espy him standing right up behind the Ladder, being up to the knees in the mire. Being all glad, they prepare to draw him forth. But behold an other fall of Earth which covers him above the head. Then every man thinking that he was dead, was ready to leave the work: but by the advice and commandment of the Bourguemaster called JAMES le FEURE, they return to their work, and having taken away the Earth, about midnight they find him alive and without any hurt, and draw him out of the well Where he had been almost four days and four nights without meat or drink. JOB. FINCEL. lib. 2. of the collection of wonders of our time. In the year 1552. FRANCIS PELUSIEN a maker of Wells, of the age of 60. years, digging the 5. of February a Well at Lions in a farm of LEWIS d'HEXE, on the side of St Sebastian's mount towards the red Cross; this well being made forty foot deep, the earth falls and fills it up. The poor man being in the bottom shrouds himself under aplanke, by means whereof he was preserved from this heavy weight of earth, which else would have smothered him; having some means to breath, thrusting his fist into the Earth sometimes, to have the more air. He continued thus covered in the bottom seven days, without eating, satisfying his stomach with his urine, and hoping only in GOD for his delivery. He cried out sometimes for help, but they heard him not; yet he heard them that walked, and the noise they made above, yea the speaking of Men, the striking of the clock, and the sound of Bels. The seventh day, when they thought to find him dead, and that they prepared his grave, they that wrought, heard his voice in the bottom of the well, which made them to hasten their work, hearing him to cry for help. In the end they descover him, and having made him to take a glass of wine, they drew him out with a rope, the which he held lustily▪ without binding or the help of any person. Being out, and sound of Body and mind, after that he had given thanks unto GOD, he opened his purse, in the presence of many, and after he had counted his money, he said merrily, that he had been with a very good Hosts, seeing that in seven days he had not spent any thing. Memoires de Lion.  
There be many that escaping out of dangers are compelled by the consideration of strange events, to confess that GOD hath delivered them without the aid of any second cause. Of many examples I will choose and recite one which is worthy of note. The Dukes of Saxony FREDERICK the Elector and JOHN his brother went one day by boat along the river of Elba from Torque to Wittenberg. The water was all covered ●…uer with great pieces of Ice newly broken. Those pieces so ran against the boat and bruised it in such sort, that assoon as the Princes were landed, it split in two and sank. The Princes with great astonishment (considering such a spectacle from the shore, and in what danger they had been by reason of the greatness, depth, and fury of the river) acknowledged, that GOD had preserved the boat, until such time as they were landed. And having been a long time in this consideration, without speaking a word, the Elector say to his Brother. Let us confess that GOD hath preserved us, and therefore let us give him thanks for his assistance in this & many other dangers. But whereas you saw the boat fall in pieces assoon as we were out of it, verily I am affrayed that our house of Saxony will go to ruin after the death of us two. PEUCER in his Commentary of the principal sorts of Divinations, book. 1. Chap. 13. The year 1558. a marvelous thing happened at Mech●…rode in Almaigne, confirmed by the testimoney of divers credible persons. About 9 of the clock at night, a parsonage attired in white, and followed by a white dog, came and knocked at an honest poor woman's door, and called her by her name. She thinking it had been her husband, who had been a long time in a far Country, ran presently to the door. This parsonage taking her by the hand, asked her in whom she put all the hope of her salvation? In jesus CHRIST, answered she. Then he commanded her to follow him: which she refusing to do, he exhorted her to be of good courage, & to fear nothing; that done, he led her all night through a forest. The next day about noon he set her upon an exceeding high mountain, and showed her things which she was never able to express. He enjoined her to return home, and to exhort every one to turn from their wicked ways: adding that an horrible destruction was at hand: and he commanded her also to rest herself eight days in her house, at the end whereof he would come to her again. The day following in the morning, the woman was found at the towns end, and carried home to her house, where she continued eight whole days without eating or drinking. When her neighbours and friends persuaded her to take some sustenance, her answer was that being extreme weary, nothing was so agreeable to her as rest: & how within eight days the man that had carried her forth would come again, and then she would eat. As indeed it came to pass▪ but afterward, this woman stirred but little out of her bed, sighing from the bottom of her heart, and crying out very often: O how great are the joys of that life! and how miserable is this life! Being demmanded whether she thought the parsonage attired in white, which appeared so unto her, to be a good Angel, or rather some evil spirit that had transformed himself into an Angel of light? She answered, It is not an evil spirit: it is an holy Angel, who hath commanded me to pray incessantly to GOD, and to exhort both great and small unto amendment of life. If any one questioned with her concerning her belief: I confess (said she) that I am a poor sinner▪ but I believe that jesus CHRIST hath obtained me remission for all my sins through the benefit of his death and passion: The Minister of the place testified the singular piety and humble devotion of this woman, adding that she was well instructed, and could yield very good reason for her religion. JOB. FINCEL in his 8. book of Miracles▪ etc.  
In the year 1546. a great parsonage of Germany, having been stayed three days at Hale in Swabe by the fury and roughness of the Waters, finally urged by necessity to pass over, he embarked himself in a small boat for to cross the River, accompanied with three of his Sons and a learned divine his friend. And seeing his boat ready to be overwhelmed, and himself and the rest drowned, without any appearance of rescue, full of faith and hope in GOD, he said to his friend: What triumph would Satan make think you, and how glad would he be, if we two, and my three sons should be drowned in this flood? But having escaped the danger, they came safe to land, and that parsonage having taken order for certain great affairs, died within a while after very peaceably, in the invocation of the name of God. Master ANDDEW HONSDORFF in his Theatre of Examples. pag. 296.  
The year 1535. in a village of Silesia, named Olst, happened the strangest and most furious tempest in the air that ever was seen: for it made even the strongest houses that were built of hewed stone to shake, and overthrew divers. One of the inhabitants of the Village, named LAWRENCE THOPHAROSKE, having his house joining to the market place, and being verily persuaded that the end of the world was come, by reason the Element was all of a flame, and that great flakes of of fire flew about, shut himself up in his house, and falling on his knees with his wife and children, began to pray very earnestly unto GOD, and to sing Hymns and Psalms of repentance. During these holy exercises, a great clap of Tempest, with a wonderful violence, tore away the upper part of the house, that was all of hewed Stone, together with the roof, and flung it all to the ground, without hurting either the Father, the Mother or the Children. But in another place this tempest did great harm: for having overthrown a Pinnacle of the townhouse, made all of great four squared stone cemented and fastened together with Clampornes and bars of Iron, five persons were slain with the fall of the houses, whereupon this ruin lighted. Whereas chose three others, and a Child lying in a little bed, were preserved in another house under the same ruin: and it being demanded of the Child, that began to prattle, who had holpen him in that danger, he lifted up his little hand, and pointed to Heaven. M. AMBROSA MOI●…AN in his exposition of the 19 Psalm.  
Nolesse horrible and dreadful was another tempest that ran over all the Country of Misnia upon the 13. day of August 1559. Which thundering very strangely in the air, and overthrowing all that it encountered: a certain woman got herself with all speed into her Stove with four Sons she had and her maid. And then turning herself unto them she said, we have often heard tell of the last day, but we never regarded it till now we see it come: which said, they all fell down on their knees, calling unto GOD for mercy. Thereupon a furious gust of wind tore away the roof of the house, and tearing down the walls, broke the posts, ceilings and boards of the Stove all to fitters. But in the midst of this fearful tempest, the Mother, Children & Maid remained safe and unhurt, although the timber & stones flew as thick as hail about their ears. Satan seeming to be in the midst of this storm, and confounded by the fervent prayer of the little flock, darted a great beam of twelve foot long, as though it had been an arrow flying in the air, with the aid of a violent whirlwind, just through the window of the Stove at this poor company kneeling against a bench. But the holy Angels turned it another way, so that it lighted with terrible fury in a corner right against the furnace of the Stove. The same tempest overthrew a Countryman's house, upon his wife and some of their neigbors which were in it at that time, and yet they were never hurt with the ruin. FINCEL in his 3. book of the marvels of our time.  
JOHN SPAUGEMBERG, Minister of Northuse, going to an hot house according to the manner of the Germans, and remaining there a good while with his Children bathing themselves, assoon as ever they were gone out of it, the place sank and fell down without hurting any body. I MANLIUS in the first book of his Collections.  
Upon Easter eve 1565. after horrible whirlwinds, thunder, lightning, hail and signs of fire in the air, a violent inundation of waters, disgorged itself upon a great village named Groesse in the diocese of Friberg in Misnia: the torrents and streams whereof swelled with such fury in an instant, that they over whelmed forty houses in that village, without the loss of any creature save one Child. There were many preserved as it were by miracle: two Children with their mother were sound untouched of the water under the ruins of a house in a heap of straw also two others in a Cellar: a nurse with her Child leaning against a Ladder, a blind man in his entry, and divers others both great and small in high places which withstood the fury of the water. PH▪ LONICER in his Theatre of examples in the example of the 3. Commandment pag. 198.  
I knew an honourable woman of singular piety and modesty, that some twenty years since, through an extraordinary and long suppression of her terms was a great while and at times very sorely troubled in mind▪ so that she was often determined to have killed her husband sleeping, and herself after. One day her keeper being gone forth about some business, she rose out of her bed, and in her smock ran into a garden behind her house, where by a rope of the well, which was seven or eight fathom, she let herself down to the bottom, and then by the same rope got up again, and returned all wet to her Chamber, having been up to the Chin in water. Not long after, seeming to be somewhat better, she walked abroad, and carried along with her a Son of hers, that is now of very great hope, but was then some 4. or 5. years old, with full intent to drown him and herself in a river that was thereby: unto the bridge whereof she made many journeys, being still entertained with the Child's comfortable prattle. Returning home again, within a while after she was easily recovered, namely, by letting of blood in the Saphena, and taking of a gentle purgation. After which she had 4. or 5. sweet Children. She hath many times told me that in those accidents a man attired in white, and of a very pleasing countenance appeared unto her, who took her by the hand, and kindly exhorted her to trust in God. Being in the Well (& somewhat that was very heavy lying on her head and labouring to make her let go the rope, for to plunge her over head and ears in the water & so drown her,) this same parsonage came unto her, took her by the arm, & holp her to get up again, which she could never have done of herself. He also comforted her in the garden, and led her very gently to her Chamber, where he vanished away. In like manner he met her as she was going towards the bridge: and followed her a loof of until such time as she returned home. Being through well, she desired nothing so much as leave this world, and her prayers da●…ely tended to that effect. At length GOD heard her, and about a month before her sickness whereof she died, going into the kitchen for to wash her hands and her face, one of her eye teeth on the right side fell out of her head, without any precedent or ensuing pain. Whereupon she went unto her husband being in bed, & showing him the tooth said unto him, husband the Lord calls me: and it is the accomplishment of my desires. O what an happy creature am I! Her husband some what moved there with, endeavoured notwithstanding to comfort her, and falling of purpose into other talk, arose, & went and prayed. After that, this honourable dame showed herself always merrier to her husband and friends then before, being grave and severe to her children, and was fairer and lustier than ever she had been in seaventene years that she had lived a wife. Towards the end of the month, there being no appearance of any such matter, as she was going to rise betimes in the morning, according to her custom, for to look to a young child she had, and to tend the affairs of her house, she was constrained to keep her bed. Whereupon her husband coming in, she put him in mind of her tooth and the speeches she had used to him about it, and therefore exhorted him to submit himself unto the will of God. He being gone up for to commend his dear moiety unto him that never rejecteth the prayers of his servants, she took all her jewels and putting them up in her purse sent them by her eldest Daughter to him, and desired him to keep them for her sake. He came down, and gently rebuked her for this apprehension. Oh husband, said she, I have no need of any thing in this world, for I am going to my God. O how blessed am I! during her sickness, which lasted twenty days, I was for the most part present with her, being tied there unto for divers reasons. She put me in remembrance again of that I have declared before, and from so many excellent deliverances drew an assured argument of her salvation. The day of her decease approaching, she began to smile, and being demanded the cause thereof by me; she answered softly in mine ear, I see my man. O how beautiful he is! then crying out she said; Stay for me, stay for me. All the while she was sick, she made no account neither of children, kinsfolks, friends, nor of any other thing in the world. And when her husband many times brought their children unto her, she said nothing, but, God bless you, God be your Father and Mother▪ and to the youngest of them; Ha, little Soldier! She never commended them but once unto her husband. And after that, she beheld them with a regardless eye. A quarter of an hour before her departure, she called for her Petticoat to rise, and as she was about to go out of her bed, she desired to be made unready, and being laid down again, she sent for her husband and used these words unto him. Behold the end of my desire, and the beginning of my felicity. JESUS CHRIST is my hope: Good husband, I desire but one thing of you. Pray unto GOD for me. Her husband and children being prostrated on their knees, after an earnest prayer unto GOD, she closed her eyes as if she had been going to sleep, & died with a sweeter countenance than ever she had had in all her life before. Extracted out of my Memorials.   

Demoniacs. Examples of divers illusions of Satan.  
ALthough there be many times some natural causes of frenzy or madness: yet is it without question, that the Devil entereth into certain persons, and in them causeth furies & torments, either with natural causes or without them: seeing such as are so diseased be often cured by remedies which are not natural. Many times also such spectacles are so many prodigies and predictions of things to come. Some do●…en years since, a woman in the country of Saxony, which could neither write nor read, being tormented of the Devil, and her fit being past, she talked both in Greek and Latin, of the war of Saxony that happened afterward, and pronounced words in Greek and Latin, the sense whereof was, that there would be great trouble upon earth, and sedition among the people. PH. MELANCHTHON in one of his Epistles.  
Four years before that, there was a Maid in the Marquisate of Brandebourg, who pulling away the hairs from the Fur of any one's garment that came before her, those hairs were presently turned into pieces of the country money, which this maid gnawed on with an horrible grating of her teeth. There were diverse that having snatched some of those pieces out of her hand, found them to be very money indeed, and do keep them still. This maid was very much tormented at times: but within a while after she was thoroughly cured, and ever since lived in good health. She was oftentimes prayed for, and never any other ceremony was used. The same.  
I have heard, that in Italy there was a woman a very idiot, possessed of the Devil, who being demanded of LAZARUS BONAMI a very learned parsonage, accompanied with his Scholars, which was the best verse in VIRGIL, suddenly answered.  Discite institiam moniti, & non temnere Divos. 
This said she, is the best and worthiest verse that ever VIRGIL made, get thee gone, and come no more to tempt me. PH. MELANCHTHON in his epistles. G. PRUCER, in the 1. book of his Commentary of Divinations, Chap. 9 P. BOVISTAV, in 26. Chap. of his Prodigious Histories.  
ANTHONY BENIVENIUS in the 8. Chap. of his book of the hidden causes of diseases, writeth, that he saw a young woman of the age of 1●…. years, whose hands bowed very strangely backwards, assoon as a certain pain took her in the bottom of her belly. At her fearful cries, her belly swollen so big, that one would have thought she had been gone 8. months with child: finally she lost her breath, and not able to continue in a place, shetumbled from one side of the bed to the other, putting her head many times between her legs, as if she would have played some tumbling trick. Then being questioned concerning that which had be fallen her, she never remembered any such matter. But searching, saith he, the causes of this disease, we were of opinion that it proceeded from a suffocation of the Matrix, and from malignant vapours fuming upward, to the detriment of the heart and brain. Whereupon we endeavoured to ease her with medicines, but that serving to no purpose, she became more outrageous than before, and at last began to vomit long crooked Iron nails, tags of points, filled within with wax, and wound all about with hairs, and so great a portion of her breakfast, that it was not possible for any man whatsoever to swallow it whole. Having sundry times began such manner of vomitings in my presence, I mistrusted that she was possessed of an evil spirit, which charmed the eyes of the assistants, whilst he cast those things abroad. As presently thereupon it was verified by more apparent signs & proofs: for afterward we heard her making predictions & doing other things, which surpassed all vehemency of sickness, yea all humane understanding. ay▪ wire in the 4. Book of diabolical impostures, Chap. 6.  
MEINOR CLATH, a Gentleman dwelling at Boutenbrouck, a Castle in the Duchy of juilliers, had a servant named WILLIAM, who 14. years together was tormented of the Devil. One day swelling mightily about the throat, and looking very pale, so that they were afraid he would have fallen down: JUDITH his Mistress a very honest Gentlewoman, gathering her folks together, began to call upon GOD: whereupon there suddenly issued out of this WILLIAMS mouth, amongst other trash, all the forepart of a shepherds breeches, Flintstones, some whole & some broken, little bottoms of thread, a false head of hair, needles, a piece of a boy's silk doublet, and a Peacock's feather. Being demanded concerning the cause of his sickness, he answered that he met with a woman hard by Camphuse, which blowed in his face from whence he thought it proceeded. But afterward when he was well, he confessed that this accusation was not true, and that he was induced by the devil to say so. Furthermore, he added, that all those prodigious things came not out of his body, but were thrown against his mouth by the Devil whilst they saw him vomit. One day being more carefully looked unto, by reason they were afraid he would have done himself some mischief, his eyes remained so fast closed together, that it was impossible to open them. At length GERTRUDE, CLATHS' eldest daughter, of some 12. years of age, coming unto him, exhorted him to pray to GOD, that it would please him to restore his sight again: whereupon WILLIAM desired her to pray, which she did, and her eyes were immediately opened, to the great amazement of all that were present. The Devil often persuaded him not to give ear either to his Mistress or any other that troubled his head, with talking to him of GOD, who could not help him, seeing he was once dead, as he had heard it publicly preached. Another time striving to put his hand under the Kitchin-maides clothes, and she rating him for it by his name, he answered in a big voice; My name is not WILLIAM but BEELZEEUB: whereunto his Mistress replied; Thinkest thou therefore that we fear thee? He in whom we trust, is of far more infinite power and strength than thou art. Then CLATH incited with a holy zeal in the presence of all his house, commanded Satan, in the name of JESUS CHRIST, to come forth of him, reading the 11. Chapter of the Gospel of St. Luke, where mention is made of a dumb Devil cast out by the power of our Saviour, as also of BEELZEBUB Prince of Devils. In the end WILLIAM began to take some rest, and slept till morning, like a man in a trance: then taking a little broth, and feeling himself through well, he was carried home to his friends, having first thanked his master and mistress, and desired GOD to recompense them for the pains they had taken with him during his affliction. After that he married, and had children, and was never tormented more of the Devil. I. wire, in the book etc. before mentioned.  
Upon the 18. day of March 1566. a very memorable matter happened in the town of Amsterdam in Holland, whereof Master ADRIAN NICHOLAS Chancellor of Gueldres, makes a public discourse, containing this which ensueth. Some two months ago, or thereabout (saith he) thirty children in this Town began to be tormented after a strange manner, as though they had been lunatic or mad. By fits they threw themselves against the ground, and this torment lasted half an hour or an hour at the most. When they rose again, they never remembered any pain they had felt, nor any other thing they had done in their fit, but thought they had slept. The Physicians to whom they had recourse, did them no good, because they were of opinion that their disease proceeded not from natural causes. Whereupon their Parents imagining they were bewitched, resorted unto Witches: but they prevailed as little with all their sorcery. Finally they repaired unto Exorcists, by reason they were persuaded their children were possessed, because upon the sudden they said many things which surpassed their capacity and age. These Exorcists employed all their cunning, and lost their labour. During their exorcisms, the children vomited a great sort of Needles, pins, Thimbles, lumps of Cloth, pieces of broken Pots, Glass, Hair, and other such things: for all which notwithstanding, they were never the better, but at times fell into the same extremity again, to the great astonishment of all men for the rareness of so strange a spectacle. I. wire in his 4. Book, chap. 8.  
The like happened at Rome, the year 1553. for in the Hospital of the Orphans, about seventy Girls were possessed in one night, and continued in that estate above two years. CARDAN, in the 4. Book de variatate, Chap. 176.  
JOHN LANGIUS a very learned Physician writeth in the first Book of his Epistles, that in the year 1539. this which followeth happened at Fungestall, a Village in the Bishopric of Eysteten, verified by a number of good witnesses. VLRIC NEUSESSAR a labouring man dwelling in that Village, was miserably tormented with a pain in his hips. One day the Chirurgeon having made an incision in the skin, drew out a great Iron Nail: the pain abated not for all that, but contrarily so increased, that the poor man became desperate, and with a sharp knife cut his own throat. As he was carrying forth to be buried, two chirurgeons in the presence of a great many people, opened his stomach, and there found some round pieces of wood, four Steel Knives, some very keen, and some dented like a Saw, also two Iron bars of 9 inches long a piece: and a great lump of hair. I wonder how that Iron could be contained within the capacity of his stomach: but no question, it was a devise of the Devil, who cunningly supposed all those things for to make himself be feared. I. wire in his 4. Book, Chap. 9  
The torments where with the Devil afflicted certain Nuns at Wertet in the County of Horn, are marvelous and horrible. Which came first (as it is reported) by the means of a poor woman, who in the Lent time borrowed a Quart of Salt of the Nuns, weighing three pounds or thereabout, and paid them twice as much again, a little before Easter. After that they found little white Pellets in their Dortor, like to round Sugar Plums, and Salt in taste, whereof notwithstanding none of them did eat, nor knew not from whence they came. Shortly thereupon they heard a thing, which seemed to groan like a sick man: they likewise understood a voice, willing certain of the Nuns to come to one of their Sisters that was sick: but there was no such matter when they came. If at any time they chanced to make water in their Chamber-pot, it was suddenly snatched away, so that they all bewrayed their beds. They were often drawn about the house by the heels, and so tickled in the soles of their feet, that they swooned with laughing. Some had pieces of their flesh plucked away, and others had their legs, arms and face turned backward. divers of them being thus tormented, vomited a great quantity of black liquor, like unto ink, although they had eaten nothing in seven weeks before, but a little i●…yce of rapes, without bread, some were hoist up in the air to the height of a man, and presently thrown down against the ground. As certain of their friends came to the Covent for to make merry with them who seemed to be almost well, on a sudden some of them fell backward as they sat at table, quite deprived of speech and sense: the rest lay all along as though they had been dead, with their arms and legs bowed backward. One amongst them was hoist up in the air, and albeit those that were present strove with all their might to hinder it, yet was she snatched up spite of their teeth, and then so thrown against the ground, that she seemed to be dead: but rising up again within a while after as if it had been out of a sound sleep, she went out of the refectory having no hurt. Some went upon their knees, as if they had no feet. Others climbed up to the tops of trees, and came down again as lightly, as if they had been Cats. This torment of the Nuns continued three years openly known: but afterward it was kept close. I. wire. lib. 4. Chap. 10.  
With this same agrees that which happened to Saint Brigitts Nuns, in their Covent hard by Xante. Sometimes they skipped and bleated like sheep, or roared in most horrible manner. Sometimes they were thrust out of their pues in the Church, or had their veils pulled of their heads: and many times their throats was so stopped, that they were not able to swallow any meat. This strange calamity endured the space of ten years in some of them. And it is reported that a young Nun surprised with the love of a young man was cause thereof: for her parents having denied her him in marriage, the Devil taking the form of that young man upon him appeared unto her in her greatest flames, and counseled her to become a Nun, as incontinently she did. Being shut up in the Covent she grew as it were furious, and showed every one strange and horrible sights. This inconvenient like a plague infected divers other Nuns. The first being sequestered, abandoned herself to him that kept her, and had two Children by him. Thus Satan within and without the Covent wrought his detestable effects. In the same book and Chapter.  
I have heard that the Devil for certain years together tormented the Nuns of Hessymont at Nieumeghen. One day he entered with a whirl wind into their Dortor, where he began to play so melodiously on the Lute and Harp, that the nuns feet tickled to dance. Then he took the form of a dog, and leapt into one of their beds, it was suspected of incontinency. Other strange things happened there, as also in another Covent hard by Colen about the year 1560. Where the Devil walked in the likeness of a dog, and hiding himself under the nuns clothes, played most filthy and shameful tricks. The like he did at Hensberg in the Duchy of Cleves, under the figure of Cats. In the same book and Chap.  
ANTHONY SUCQVET, Knight of the order of the golden fleece, a parsonage of great reputation over all Flanders, and Counsellor in the privy Counsel of Brabant beside three legitimate Children had a bastard, that took a wife at Bruges: Who a little after her marriage began to be pitifully tormented of the evil spirit, insomuch that wheresover she was, even in the midst of Ladies and gentlewomen, she was suddenly carried away & drawn up and down the room, & many times, cast now into one corner, now into another, albeit those that were with her laboured to hold her and keep her from it. But in these agitations she took but little harm in her body. Every one thought that this inconvenient was procured unto her by a wench whom her husband, (that was a proper gallant young man) had sometimes kept. Amidst these accidents she became with Child, but ceased not for all that to be tormented of the spirit. The time of her delivery come, there chanced to be but one woman in her company, who was presently sent to the midwife and other women for to come to her labour. In the mean time it seemed unto her that the wench (of whom I spoke) came into the Chamber, and served her in stead of a midwife: where with the poor gentle woman was so exceedingly frighted, that she fell into a swoon. Being come to herself again she felt that she was discharged of her b●…rthen: & yet no Child appeared, whereat every body was greatly amazed. The next day when she awaked she found a Child made up and laid by her in the bed: to the which she gave suck at two several times. Falling a sleep again within a little while after, the Child was taken from her side, & never seen more. The report went that certain scrolls and▪ magical Characters were found about the lock of the Chamber door. This history was recounted unto me, by my brother in Law a learned and virtuous gentleman who had received it from the gentlewoman's husband and brother, & from divers others that had visited her in her Child bed. I. wire in his 3. book Chap. 34.  
Here we might report the monstrous and innumerable convulsions which happened to the Nuns of Kentorp in the Country of March not far from Hammone. A little before their fit and during the same, they cast forth a stinking breath out of their mouths, which at times continued certain hours. In the midst of their pain some of them were of good memory, & both heard and knew those that were about them, although by reason of the convulsion of their tongues & parts, serving to respiration, they could not speak in their sit. Now some were tormented more than others, and some less. But this was common to them all, that assoon as one was tormented, at the only noise of that one the rest, separated in divers Chambers, were also tormented. One of the ancientest of the Covent, & of the first that was afflicted, named ANNE LENGON, discoursed the whole history unto me. When first of all she felt a pain in her left side, & that it was thought she was taken with the falling sickness, she was sent to the Monastery of Monherric: whereunto she consented through a certain devotion, and after she had drunk there in Saint Cornelius head, the report went, that she was much better than she had been: which was found clean otherwise. For both she & the rest, being in worse estate than before, sent to a cunning-man, who certified them that they were all poisoned by their Cook, named ELSE CAMENSE. The Devil taking hold on this occasion, began to torment them more than before, and which was worse, induced them to bite and beat one another, and to throw one another to the ground, which they did without any harm, and as easily as if they had been feathers, insomuch that they very well perceived their will was not in their own power. When they were kept from fight and doing any other violence, than they tormented themselves in most grievous manner, and assoon as they were let alone, they fell to biting of one another, and yet never felt any hurt. If ANNE spoke in her fit, it seemed to be done by means of some other that drew her breath in and out. She understood herself speak: but the speech ended, she remembered not a word of that she had spoken, unless it were repeated unto her again: for than she remembered that she had pronounced it. At any time when she set herself to pray, incontinently she was molested by the evil spirit: so that she could not, as willingly she would, either attentively prosecute her purpose, or move her tongue. But if she chanced, without thinking on it, to mutter a Pater noster, or an ave Maria on her Beads, she was so far from being hindered, that then she felt ease. Otherways, she was altogether dull, and destitute of sense, discretion and judgement: so that she could never think a suisedly on any thing what-so ever. If any good deuo●…te man that feared GOD, fortuned to confer with her, than it seemed the Devil would punish her for it. But contrary wise, if other women talked with her about trifling and ordinary matters, therein she took pleasure, and was eased by it. Now all these Nuns thus tormented felt a pain, that got up ward by little and little from the soles of their feet, which seemed to them to be scalded with hot seething water. And though they were all thus strangely afflicted, yet lost they not their appetite, but still received sustenance. The Devil spoke very often and much by the mouths of the youngest which had their spirits troubled; unto whom he presented himself in the form of a black Cat, and in the likeness of Else Kamense, or of her Mother, or Brother: so as every one thought, (but falsely) that those people were the cause of such torments. ANNE being resolved to return no more to the Covent, from whence her parents had taken her, but to serve GOD devoutly, so as (with as more settled judgement), this calamity left her: notwithstanding if she received but letters from the Ablesse, she felt a shwering throughout all her Body, as if she should presently have fallen again into her former inconvenience. Not long after she married, and was never troubled with that calamity more. She told me also that ELSE KAMENSE was afflicted in the same manner as the rest were, namely with the falling sickness, & that many times she talked idly too whereupon the Nuns were persuaded that she had bewitched herself, to the end she might not be suspected of that she had done, insomuch that they all set upon this maid, whom the cunning man had told them was a witch. The poor wench being carried before the justice, at the first confessed that she was cause of that heavy spectacle, wrought by means of the mixture of certain poisons: being at the place of execution, and ready to die, she protested that she had never used any poison, but only at times pronounced certain curses.  
After that Else and her mother were burned, some of the inhabitants of Hammone, a town there by, began to be tormented of the evil spirit. The minister of the place got four or five of them into his house, for to instruct and fortify them against the impostures of the enemy. But when he had recited some articles of a Christians belief, they began to mock the Minister, and to name certain women of the Town, to whom they said they would go, mounted upon Bucks, which should carry them thither. Incontinently one of them got him a stride upon a form, crying out that he was riding away. Another stepping up behind him, fell backward quite over and over, and lighted against the Chamber door, which flying open, he tumbled from the top of the stairs down to the bottom, and had no hurt. About the same time, in a village named Hovel, hard by the same Town, divers men were cruelly tormented of the evil spirit. I. wire in book 4. Chap. 11.  
The Nuns of the Covent of Nazareth at Cologne were tormented almost like those of Kantorp. Having been a long time diversly vexed by the Devil, much more in the year 1564. For they were laid along upon the ground as if it had been to have had the company of man: during which indignity their eyes remained closed, which afterwards they opened very shame fastly, & as if they had endured some grievous pain. A young wench named GERTRUDE, of 14. years of age, gave way to all this mischief. She had been often abused with those wanton apparitions in her bed, whereof her laughter made proof, although she had tried divers means to remedy it, but all in vain. For as a fellow of hers lay on a pallet by her, only for to keep her from such apparitions, the poor wench grew affrayed hearing the noise that was made in Gertrudes bed, of whom at length the Devil took possession, and began to afflict her with sundry sorts of Convulsions. In her fit, she was like a blind body, uttering strange and inconstant speeches tending to despair. The like did divers others: and so this plague prevailed by little & little, & augmented much more, when these poor afflicted souls began to have recourse unto unlawful remedies. Now whilst the Devil tormented them thus, some of them were taken with the plague, and as long as they had it, the evil spirit never troubles them, through a singular goodness of GOD, who lymiteth unto Satan certain bounds, which he cannot pass (witness JOB) in afflicting those whom GOD hath delivered up unto him for a time in this world. The beginning of all this calamity proceeded from certain lewd youths, who having gotten acquaintance, by playing at stoolball thereby with one two of those Nuns, climbed over the walls, & enjoyed their loves. But afterwards leaving of that course, by reason they were deprived of the means to continue it, the Devil corrupted the fantasy of those miserable creatures, and entreated them as hath been declared. I. wire book 1. Chap. 12.  
To these may be added another Nun of the Covent of Bosledue, hard by Saint john's Church, named JUDITH, whom I have seen tormented of the Devil with strange convulsions for he so stopped her throat that she could not swallow any meat, and many times held her tongue in such sort, that he kept her from speaking: likewise I have heard her utter ridiculous and horrible speeches. With her I will join another maid servant to a Nun of a great and noble house. A Country fellow had promised her marriage▪ but he fell in love with another: whereat she was so grieved, that being gone some half a mile from the Covent, she met the Devil in the likeness of a proper young man, who began to talk very familiarly with her, discovering unto her all the Country fellows secrets, with the speech he had used to his new love: and that to the end he might have made the wench fall into despair, and so drawn her to have made herself away. Being come to a little brook, he took the bottle of oil, which she carried, that she might the better pass over the bridge: and enticed her to go with him to a place that he named, which she refused, saying what would you have me do going along those marshes? Whereupon he vanished away, which so affrighted the poor maid that she fell into a swoon: her Mistress being advertised of it, sent a litter to fetch her to the Covent. Where she lay a long time sick, and as it were deprived of sense being troubled in spirit after a strange manner, and divers times complained that she was miserably tormented of the Devil, who would have her & carry her away through the window. Afterward she was married to that Country-fellowe, and recovered her former health: The same.  
At Levensteet, a village belonging to the Duke of Brunswick, there was a maid named MARGARET ACHILS about twenty years old, dwelling with her Sisters. Upon the second day of june, going to make clean a pair of shows, she took one of her knives, that was some half a foot long: and as she was beginning to scrape them being set in a corner of the Chamber, and very weak with an ague, that had held her a long time, suddenly an old woman came in, who asked her whether she had her ague still, and how she felt herself in her sickness; and so without any farther talk departed. After the shoes were made clean, this maid let the Knife fall into her lap, which she could not find again, although she had sought very diligently for it: whereat she was somewhat afraid, but far more, when she perceived a black Dog lying under the Table, whom she drove away, hoping to find her Knife. The Dog being 〈◊〉 began to show his teeth, and grinning at her, got into the street and ran away. Presently whereupon this maid thought she felt I know not what, running down on the one side of her back, as it were some cold humour, and immediately she swooned, continuing so till the third day after, when she began to find a little ease, & to receive some sustenance. Now being demanded concerning the cause of her grief, she answered, that she was well assured the Knife which fell into her lap was entered into her left side, in which place she felt a pain. And although her friends contradicted her, because they attributed this indisposition to a melancholy humour, and that she talked idly by reason of her sickness, long abstinence, and other accidents: yet ceased she not to persist in her continual plaints and tears, so that her head became very light, & sometimes she remained two days together without taking any thing, although they used both fair means & foul to draw her thereunto. Her fits were worse at sometimes then at other some, insomuch that she took but little rest, because of the continual pains that tormented her: whereby she was constrained to go even double on a staff. And that which more augmented her grief and diminished her ease, was that she verily believed the knife was in her body, and yet every one obstinately contradicted her in it, and propounded the impossibility thereof, imagining that her brain was distempered, considering nothing was seen that might induce them to such an opinion, save her incessant tears and complaints, wherein she continued the space of certain months, & to such time as there appeared on her left side a tumour of the bigness of an Egg, like to an half Moon, which increased or decreased according as the swelling waxed more or less. Then the poor wench began to say: You would not believe the knife was in my body till now: but ere long you shall see how it is fixed in my side. And indeed on the thirtieth day of june, namely about thirteen months after, she had first suffered this affliction, there issued such an abundance of matter out of the ulcer which was grown on that side, that the swelling began to assuage, & then the point of the knife appeared, which the maid would have pulled out, had she not been stayed by her friends, who sent for Duke HENRY'S Chirurgeon, being at that time resident in the Castle of Wolffbutel. The Chirurgeon coming thither on the 4. day of july, desired the Minister, to comfort, instruct, and encourage the maid, as also to observe her answers, because every one thought she was possessed. She consented to be ruled by the Chirurgeon, although she was persuaded that present death would ensue. The Chirurgeon perceiving the point of the knife which appeared in her left side, with his instruments drew it forth: and it was found in all respects like to the other that was in her sheath, and very much used about the midst of the blade. Afterwards the ulcer was healed by the Chirurgeon. In the same book, ch. 14.  
CARDAN writeth that a certain labourer a friend of his and an honest man, declared unto him, how for many years together he was sick of an unknown disease: during the which, by means of certain charms, he had oftentimes vomited glass, nails, & haite: and although he was afterwards recovered by that means, yet he felt a great quantity of broken glass in his belly, which made a noise like a great many pieces of broken glass tied up together in a bag. Moreover he added how that noise very much troubled him, and that every eighteenth night, about seven of the clock, for eighteen years space, after he was well, he felt as many blows on his heart, as the Clock struck hours: which he endured not without great torment. In the same book, Chap. 7.  
But yet farther to show the sleights and subtleties of Satan, who with efficacy of error turmoils such as the divine justice delivers up unto him, I will add another history touching a child Demoniac, written by D. HENRY COLEN of Bosledue, to AUGUSTINE HVN●…VS a Doctor of Louvain the 3. day of March 1574. as followeth. A child of our town foretells, that the wicked & tyrranicall complot of the rebels of the Low-countries shall now take an end. We fear notwithstanding lest it be some devise of the evil spirit: albeit no man can discover any such matter yet. This child cries out & bids every one pray heartily and incessantly unto GOD: he himself with hands heaved up, prays 3. times a day. He hath foretold marvelous things of our time, & all that he hath foretold is come to pass, not failing in any circumstance. Also he saith, that the Angel GABRYEL hath revealed unto him, how all these Tragedies of Flanders shall end, before next Summer be half passed: and how the King of Spain shall come into the low-countries, & appease all by most happy means. He hath likewise foretold the very moment of time of the taking of Middelborough, and infinite other things come to pass according to his predictions. I (most unworthy) was also called to examine this child, and was wonderfully amazed to see so simple a thing, which can neither write nor read, answer so readily to all demands, and resolve the greatest difficulties could be propounded. And because Satan transfigures himself into an Angel of light, I objected many and sundry questions unto him: but so far is it from an Angel that abhors the cross of our Lord, or the name of JESUS: that chose it hath taught the child a prayer, in substance containing these words: O JESUS of Nazareth, which was crucified for us, have mercy upon us: help us poor sinners that we may return again unto the faith. I. wire, in 1. Book, chap. 10. where he addeth this censure. The contrary event hath manifested, that this child was possessed of the devil, who spoke and prognosticated by his mouth. For the troubles of Flanders ended not the Summer following, nor three years (we may say, nor five and twenty years) after, neither was, nor is there any news of the K●…ng of Spain's coming into the Lowe-Countries. Now the spirit of GOD cannot fail nor err in the least point that is. Therefore one may perceive who that GABRIEL was, that could declare the very moment of time, of the taking of Middelborough in Zealand: to wit, the Devil, who being a spirit, transports himself in an instant from one place to another, by reason of his incomprehensible swiftness. He it was that moved this child to the prayers before mentioned, the better to colour his impostures and lies. For so he hath accustomed to mingle truth with falsehood. As Doctor COLEN may acknowledge, if he be still alive, in the beginning of this new age 1600. If he be departed this world, I leave the decision thereof to his companions.  
The year 1594. in the Marquisate of Brandebourg, there were seen above eight score persons together Demoniacs, which uttered marvelous things, and both knew and named such as they had never seen▪ amongst those persons they noted some which were dead long before, that walked crying out unto every one to repent, to leave off all dissoluteness in apparel, etc. and denounced GOD'S judgements, affirming that they were commanded by the Lord to preach amendment of life, whereby sinners might be brought again to the right way. These Demoniacs raged exceedingly wheresoev they came, and belched forth infinite outrages against the Ministers of the Church, talking of nothing but of apparitions of good and evil Angels. The Devil showed himself in divers shapes, and in the Sermon time flew over the Church with a terrible noise and cry: strawing points and pieces of gold and silver all along as he went. JAQVES HORSED Doctor of Physic, in his History of the Silesian Child's golden tooth. Let us add that which a certain Frislander presents, in his collection of Histories, entitled Mercurius Gallobelgicus, the year 1594. in this manner. I will shut up this discourse with the words of JAQVES COLER a Doctor and Preacher in the Marquisate of Brandebourg, who hath published a Book of it in Dutch. After he had exhorted the Almains to give over all dissoluteness, excess and disorder, principally in apparel: then all oaths, execrations and imprecations: finally he condemns the wicked custom of his country, where when any one will maintain this or that to be true, presently he saith. If it be not so, such, and such a Devil take me. Or when one will wish another ill, he prays that an hundredth tun of Devils may enter into his belly, and there remain so well closed, that not one of them may get ou●… again. From thence proceedeth it (saith he) that now at Spandaw, Friberg, and other towns in the Marquisate of Brand●…bourg we heard the devils cry: You have called for us a long time, wherefore we were forced to come, and lo here we are.: you have made no account of your Superiors, but we will obey you, whether you will or no. We preach amendment of life unto you, although it be against our wills. As the evil spirit was about to make a maid of Spandaw whom he possessed, to drown herself, and certain good folks laboured to hinder it, alleging the History of the Gadarens, into whose Swine the Devils could not enter, but by the permission of JESUS CHRIST: the Devil stretching forth the ●…and began to say: You are those Swine, and because there is nothing but gluttony and drunkenness amongst you, you are all in my power. Others being demanded, why they tormented GOD'S creatures, answered: The Lord commands us to do it, you will neither hear, believe, nor pray: therefore we are your tormentors. Doctor Horst shows divers reasons, how that resurrection of the dead above mentioned, was diabolical, and such another as the apparition of a false SAMUBLS raised by the witch, mentioned in holy writ, and in all the rest doth prove, that in all these accidents they discover the imposture and fury o●… S●…than, the fearful executioner of GOD'S just judgement.   

A Golden Tooth in the mouth of a Child of Silesia.  
A Countryman called JOHN MULLER, a Carpenter by his trade, dwelling at Weigdeldorff a Village of Silesia, belonging to a Gentleman called FREDERICK de GETHORNE, under the Sovereignty of the Emperor, took to wife one named HEDWIGK of Endesdorff, a Village in the Duchy of Bres●…aw, in the same Country. These two married folks, living very honestly and without reproach in their mean condition, had between them a Son, borne the 22. day of December 1585. four days after he was Christened and named CHRISTOPHER, carefully brought up, and in the year 1593. sent to the School of the Village amongst other Children. A little before Easter, a certain Girl discovers that this Chlde hath the last great Tooth of the left side appearing all of clean Gold: divers others thereupon find it to be so. Suddenly the report of it is dispersed all about, so that the Dukes of Silesia, Lignits, Brige, Munsterberg, etc. and diverse Gentlemen and Citizens of credit, cause the Child to be brought unto them, that they might see him. Amongst others, Monsieur ANDRE, Bishop of Nisse, and chief Governor of Silesia, made him to be expressly brought unto him to Nisse, where in his presence certain Chirurgeons very diligently and attentively considered the force, matter, form, & disposition of this tooth. In the year 1594. about the month of September going into Silesia for to sell a certain house that I had at Sueidniz, and staying at Reichenbach a town distant some hours journey from Weigeldorff, I easily obtained of FREDERICK de GELHORNE (unto whose Son being at that time sick, I ministered physic,) to have this Child brought unto me, by his Mother to a kinsman's house of mine, named MELCHIOR HORST where●… with the principal men of the place, in the forenoon a little before dinner, I very diligently beheld at two several times this golden tooth of CHRISTOPHERMULLERS, I took hold of it with my fingers, and wagging it in and out, I found it firm and inmoveable: having made him open his mouth, I saw the gold of the said tooth, shining very bright: it was the last great tooth of the lower ●…awe on the left side, being a little thicker than the other great teeth, but of the same form and height, having the gum very sound, soft, red, and in every point as it should be. I observed also that at that time the Child being about eight years old had all his teeth except the great tooth next to that of gold, which by means thereof through a special providence of GOD appeared much the better! Hereupon being in doubt whither he chawed with that tooth aswell as with the rest, I desired mine host to make the Mother and the Child to stay dinner. We were no sooner risen from table, but I sen●… again for the chiefest persons of the town, and in their presence I opened the Child's mouth, where I found the meat yet remaining chawed upon this tooth of gold. Then causing his mouth to be washed very clean with fair water, with a touchstone I touched the tooth, and found that the gold approached to the carat of that of Hungary. This Child is of complexion hot anddrie, prettily in flesh, of a good stature and a lively spirit, peaceable and marvelous studious, insomuch that I was fain to give him a couple of books that he begged of me. I. HORST Doctor of Physic in his historical and Philosophical doscourse of the Silesian Child's golden tooth.   

Desperate Persons.  
A Desperate man in our time dying (among many other horrible speeches) said that he wished to be already in hell. And being demanded the cause of so wicked a desire: for that (said he) the apprehension of torments which do attend me, cause me presently to feel a double hell: when I shall feel it at the full, I shall not expect any more.  
I have heard an other desperate man, who being exhorted to turn from the two vehement apprehension of GOD'S justice, unto his mercy, which was open unto him, he answered very coldly, you say true, GOD is GOD; but of his Children, not for me: his mercy is certain: for his elect, but I am a reprobate, a vessel of wrath and cursing, and I do already feel the to●…ments of hell: When they did exhort him to call GOD his Father, and JESUS CHRIST his Son. My mouth (said he) doth speak it but my heart hath horror of it. I believe that he is the Father of others, but not of me. When they did lay before him that he had known GOD, heard his word, and received his Sacraments. I but (he added) that I was an hipocryte, and guilty of many blasphemies against God. And then he returned to his ordinary discourses, I am a vessel prepared to wrath and damnation, I am damned. I burn. H. BELON in the treasure of a Christian soul.  
A learned man at Louvain called M. GERLACH, having profited so well in his studies, as he was one of the first among the Learned of our time, being touched with a grievous sickness, he sighed continually, and feeling himself to draw near his end, he began to descover the ground of his sighs, speaking such fearful words as desperate men are accustomed to proffer: crying out and lamenting that he had lived very wickedly, and that he could not endure the judgement of GOD: for that he knew his sins were so great, as he should never obtain pardon: so as in this distress he died, oppressed with grievous and horrible despair. The History of our Times.  
M. ARNOUL BOMEL, a learned man of the same place, receiving an impression in his brain from a Sophister, of strange opinions touching our Salvation, he began to grow wild. One day going out of Louvaine with three Scholars to walk: Upon his return unto the Town, he did sit down near a fountain, feigning to rest him. The Scholars went a little before, not doubting any thing. In the mean time BOMEL doth secretly draw forth a little knife, and stabs himself in the breast. The Scholars returning towards him, espied him to fall, and running to him, they did see the fountain red, with blood. They came to him all amazed, and find●…ng the wound, they carried him as well as they could to the nearest house; and doubting that it might be deadly, they exhorted him to ask GOD mercy, for that he had done violence unto himself. He seemed unto them to have some remorse, as well by his outward countenance as by some words which he delivered with a languishing voice. But in the mean time, seeing a knife hang at one of the scholars girdles, he seized thereon suddenly and strikes himself to the heart, whereof he died presently. In the same History.  
Mr. JAMES LATOMUS, one of the chief Doctors in the University of Louvain, being one day out of countenance in a Sermon before the Emperor CHARLES the fift returning ashamed and confounded from Br●…xelles to Louvaine, so as after he did so apprehend this dishonour, as he fell suddenly into despair, whereof he gave many testimonies in public: the which did move his friends to keep him close in his house, from that time unto his last gasp, poor LATOMUS had no other speech, but that he was rejected of GOD, that he was damned, and that he hoped for no mercy nor salvation, as having maliciously made war against the grace and truth of God. He died in this despair, neither was it possible for any friends nor Physicians to make him change this opinion. The same author.  
In the end of the year 1545. in a small town of the territory of Padova, called Civitelle there was a learned Lawyer and Advocate, a wise and very Rich man, and an honourable Father of a family, called FRANCIS SPIERA, who having said and done divers things against his conscience, to maintain himself and his charge, being returned to his house, he could never rest an hour, no not a minute, nor feel any ease of his continual anguish. And even from that night he was so terrified and had such horror of his actions, as he held himself for lost. For (as he himself did afterwards confess) he did see plainly before his eyes, all the torments, all the pains of hell, and of the damned, and in his soul did hear the fearful sentences being drawn before the judgement seat of JESUS CHRIST. The next day and so following, it was impossible to see him resume any courage: but his spirits were strangely troubled, and the terror took from him all rest and appetite. This Accident was so grievous to his friends and familiars, as some repented them much, that they had been the cause of so great an inconvenient by their prayers and entreaties. Others, thinking it did proceed from some choleric or melancholy humour (the effects whereof are oftentimes strange in those brains which are violently touched) were of opinion to send him to Padova, to be Physicked by the learned Physicians, revived by honourable company, and settled by the conference of learned men that were there, to some of the which he was well known. His wife and children, with some of his familiar friends did accompany him, and he was lodged in one of the chief houses. FRISIMILEGA, BELLOCAT and CRASSUS (famous and excellent Physicians) did visit him, and give him Physic with a singular affection: and found soon that he was little sick in body, but grievously in mind: for in all other things he discoursed gravely and constantly, so as none of his familiar friends could decern that the quickness of his discourse and reason was any thing impaired or weakened, continnuing still in this continual anguish, many were much troubled, and daily his Chamber was full of people; some curious to see and to hear; others (but very few) were desirous to draw him to hope in the mercies of God. I was present at many of his speeches, with some men of honour and learning. To deliver that which I could observe. I began first to note his age and his fashion. He was about fifty years old, free from the violent passions of youth, and from the coldness of old age. Nothing came out of his mouth that was lighly or foolishly spoken, or that might discover any doting in him; although he did day lie discourse of grave and important matters with the learned, and that some did propound unto him high questions, especially in di●…inity. I will briefly relate some speeches they had with him, during his abode at Padova, and I will not forget that he declared with a settled judgement, that he did see the eternal vengeance of GOD prepared against the sin which he had committed. For that he did find in himself, that those things which GOD had given to others, to rejoice their spirits and to live well and happily, had all conspired against him in despite of his horrible forfeit. For although (said he) that GOD for a great blessing had promised to many holy men, a goodly issue and a great number of Children, in whose love and obedience they may repose their age, and that there was nothing more pleasing in this present life, yet in the midst of his miseries, the hands and faces of his Children were as horrible unto him as the hangman's. It cannot well be expressed, what grief and vexation he seemed to receive, when his Children brought him meat, forcing him to eat, and threatening him when he refused it. He confessed his Children did their duties, & yet he took all in ill part (saying) that he did not acknowledge GOD any more for his Father, but did fear him as an adversary, armed with judgement. For he had been three weeks in this apprehension, when he spoke these things, without eating or drinking, but what they forced him unto, the which he received with great difficulty, the which he resisted withal his power, spitting out that which they forced him to take. Some of the Assistants were of opinion to make him a frayed, to make him the more apt, to receive food, first for the Soul, then for the body: ask him if he did not fear greater and sharper torments after this life, than those heethens felt? He confessed that he did expect far more sharp, and had already horror of them: yet he desired nothing more than to be cast headlong into them, that he might not fear other more grievous torments. They asked him again, if he thought his sin to be so fowl, as it could not be pardoned through the bounty and infinite mercy of GOD? His answer was, that he said sinned against the Holy Ghost, which was so great a sin, as it is called a sin unto death, that is to say, subject to the eternal vengeance of GOD, and to the pains of hell. Whereof this poor wretch discoursed amply, learnedly and to subtly against himself. Learned and Godly men, which did assist him, omitted no testimonies that might assure a wounded conscience, that GOD is merciful, gentle and ready to pardon. But all this could not divert him from his opinion, neither could they draw any other thing from him, but that he desired much that he might return to some hope of pardon. But it fares with me (saith he) as with criminal persons, shut up in close prisons and fettered hand and foot. Sometimes they are saluted by their friends passing by, who advise them to break prison and to deceive their guards if they can. Such prisoners would gladly follow their counsel, but it is a vain desire. Even so is mine said he. As for the scriptures which were cited unto him, touching the love and affection of GOD the Father by reason of his Son JESUS CHRIST, he did avow them, adding, that they did belong only to them whom JESUS CHRIST did repute his brethren and his members: but as for him he had renounced that love, and willingly rejected all Brotherly alliance: neither was he ignorant in how great tranquillity of mind they might be, who had once embraced the promises of salvation, and did rest themselves continually therein. For confirmation whereof this his sad desaster (said he,) was propounded for an example before all men's eyes: that if they were wise they should not hold it light, nor happened by any chance: but to learn by his ruin, how dangerous it is to fall any thing from that which beelongs to the great glory of the Son of God. Adding that it was a slippery and a very dangerous passage, yea most fearful to him that stood not carefully upon his guard: Moreover forasmuch as such evident examples of the vengeance of almighty GOD, did seldom appear to the eyes of men, they deserved to be the more carefully regarded. That amongst a great multitude and number of reprobates in the world, his calamity was not singular; but his only punishment and ruin did satisfy GOD, a just judge to admonish all others to have a care of themselves. He added with all, that therein he did acknowledge the severity of GOD'S judgement, who had chosen him to make him a spectacle rather than any other: and to admonish all by one man's mouth, to abstain from all impiety: confessing moreover that there was no reproach nor punishment which he had not deserved, by reason of his fowl offence. After that he had discoursed sincerely and gravely of the divine justice; he said that they should not take it strange this his long speech touching the true reason of the will of GOD: for that oftentimes GOD doth wrest out of the mouth of reprobates most assured testimonies of his Majesty, his justice, and his fearful vengeance: as we see in JUDAS confessing his own sin and iustefying his Master. Using a long discourse upon this sentence, and desirous to show the greatness of GOD'S judgements: there are some (said he,) who have all things so wishfully, as they live in all delights, without fear or apprehension of any harm, as having attained the height of all felicity: who notwithstanding are registered for perdition, whereof JESUS CHRIST propounds an example in the rich man, enjoying all the pleasures of the world with a full gorge, being after his death tormented in hell: whereof mention is made in the sixteenth Chapter of the Gospel after Saint Luke. That GOD doth often propound unto makinde a hope of reward to draw him to the right belief of His holy will; and oftimes he doth withdraw them from their Impieties by prodigious and fearful signs. And yet as Impiety is natural to Men, they make not their profit of such instructions, and think not that it concerns them: but contrariwise impute it to any other thing, rather than to the wisdom of GOD, to fear and reverence him. Hereupon he made a bitter invective against a certain Philosopher, whom he had known above twenty years before, for that this MOROSOPHE had been so impudent, to deliver in his lessons, yea to write it, and to publish it in Print, that all the miracles that JESUS CHRIST had done upon the earth, might well be done by a man, that were skilful in the knowledge of Natural things. It were hard to represent the admiration wherewith they were surprised, and with what compassion they were moved that came to visit him, for the discourses which they heard from his mouth. Every man laboured earnestly to reduce this poor man to some hope of his salvation. Among others, there was one, a reverend man for his holiness of life, who departed not from the patient's bed: It was the Bishop of Capo d' Istria, in the Venetians territories. He ceased not to exhort SPIERA, and laboured by many testimonies of the holy Scriptures to divert him from that apprehension: beseeching him by their friendship, by his love to his Wife and Children, and for that his health should be precious unto him, that he should have a care of himself, and print in his heart a hope and trust of salvation by JESUS CHRIST. Adding that he did not think that his spirit was altogether void and destitute, of some good and heavenly inspiration, seeing he spoke so holy and devoutly of the excellency of Christian religion.  
Although the sick man knew well that these admonitions proceeded from a sincere and true heart: yet for that he had diverse times rejected them, he began to frown, saying unto the Bishop. You believe as I think, that I do willingly nourish this obstinacy in my mind, and that I take delight in this vehement passion of despair. If you be of that opinion, you are deceived. I will tell you (to the end you may know my resolution) that if I could be persuaded that the judgement of GOD might by any means be changed or mitigated for me, it should not grieve me to be tormented ten thousand years with the sharpest pains of Hell, so as I might have any hope of rest after this long sufferance. But even in that whereby you do exhort me to gather some hope: I see all means of health, and pardon taken from me. For if the testimonies of holy Scripture have any authority (as they have) do you think that JESUS CHRIST hath said in vain. That he which hath renounced him before men, he will renounce him before his heavenly Father? do you not see that it concerns me, and that it is as it were particularly verified in my person? what shall become of him whom the Son hath disavowed before his Father? when as you say that we must hope for no salvation but in JESUS CHRIST. Thereupon he did expound certain passages of the Epistle to the Hebrews, and of the second Catholic Epistle of Saint Peter, out of the which he drew terrible conclusions against himself.  
We cannot believe with what gravity and vehemency his words were delivered, neither was there ever man heard pleading better for himself, than SPIERA did then against himself. He did allege notable things of GOD'S justice, detesting his forepassed life: admonishing all that were about him very earnestly: not to think that a Christians life was a light thing, and easily discharged. That it doth not consist only in having the head baptized, in reading certain verses and Texts of the Gospel, and to be termed an honest man: but it was needful he should live as the doctrine of truth doth command him. Thereupon he repeated a Text out of Saint Peter, exhorting us to show through holiness of life, certain signs of the love of GOD towards us, and of the confidence we should have in him. He said moreover, that he had known many, who after they had tasted the sweetness of true felicity, they suffered themselves to be so carried away, as they had no longer care to perform that which belonged to a Child of God. He protested that he had sometimes imagined that his sins had been hidden, and that he could not be punished, for that CHRIST had made satisfaction for them: but then he knew too late, that those things belonged only to the elect and chosen of GOD, betwixt whose sins, and the heavenly and celestial Throne, JESUS CHRIST sets his precious blood, and the dignity of his obedience, as a vale and shadow to cover them: and doth plant them against the divine vengeance, as a high and strong Rampar, that sinners repenting them, might not be oppressed nor drowned with the deluge and overflowings of their offences and sins. As for himself, seeing that he had renounced our Saviour JESUS CHRIST, he had as one should say, overthrown this strong Rampar with his own hands, so as after this ruin and overflowing, the deluge of waters of this vengeance, had covered and swallowed up his soul. One of his most familiars said unto him, that he did hold the cause of this his great torment to proceed from abundance of melancholy humours, which did so trouble his brain. SPIERA remembering, that he had many times refuted that opinion, and seeing they were to begin again, said unto the other, you may think what you please: but GOD in truth hath troubled my spirit, and deprived me of judgement, seeing it is impossible for me to have any hope of my salvation. Having continued in such and the like speeches, during his abode at Padova, they carried him back to his house at Civitelle, where he died in this despair. This which is worthy of consideration among the Histories of our time, is drawn out of a discourse published by Master HENRY SCRINGER, a learned Lawyer, who was then at Padova, did see and many times talk with this poor SPIERA.  
About twenty years before, a very famous Doctor throughout all Germany called KRAUS, remaining at Halle in Swabe, having oftentimes turned his conscience, sometimes towards GOD, sometimes towards the world, having inclined in the end to the worse part, said and confessed publicly, that he was undone, and fell so deep into despair, as he could neither receive nor take any comfort nor consolation, so as in this miserable and wretched estate of his soul, he slew himself most miserably. In the History of Germany.  
Cardinal CRESCENCE, being at Verona, to pass on farther about some matters of importance, was much troubled the 25. of March with writing, and having laboured very late at night, rising a little out of his chair to take breath, he imagined that he did see a black Dog, of an exceeding greatness, having fiery eyes, and his ears hanging to the ground, which came directly towards him, and then hid himself under the Table. He was presently like one in a sown, but being come again to himself, he cried out aloud, calling his servants that were in the former Chamber, and commanded them to seek this Dog with a light. But not finding him there, nor in the antichamber, a Fever seized on him, and increased in such sort, as he died. Towards the end of his life, he cried often to his servants: Drive away this Dog which comes up to my bed. It was not possible to resolve nor to comfort him. But he died in great despair at Verona. History of our time. SLEIDAN, lib. 23. of his Commentaries  
Under the reign of King FRANCIS the second, the King's Advocate in the Parliament of Daulphine, called PONSENAS, after that he had sold his patrimony, his wives, and borrowed much money of his friends to buy this office, he consumed what remained in keeping of open house, hoping to be soon recompensed to the double. But being fallen sick of a disease unknown to the Physicians, he fell into despair of GOD'S help and mercy: and representing daily unto himself the death of some innocent persons executed at Romans and at Valence, whom he had pursued. He denied GOD, called upon the Devil, and made all the horrible curses and Imprecations that might be imagined. His Clerk, seeing him in this despair, spoke to him of the mercies of GOD, alleging certain passages of the Scripture to that purpose. But instead of turning unto GOD, and ask pardon for his offences, he said unto him; O STEPHEN how black thou art? the young man who was reddish hayrd, excused himself: the Advocate replied again, how black thou art? but it is with thy sins. That is true answered the Clerk, but I hope in the bounty and mercies of GOD: then expounding his saying at large, PONSENAS began to cry out like a desperate man, detesting his servant, as one of the wickedest and most miserable men in the world. At this cry some of his friends came running, whom he commanded that STEPHEN should be had to prison, and his process made. Hereupon despair did so increase in him, as with sigthes and howling he gave up the ghost, after a fearful manner. His Creditors did scarce give them leisure to draw the body out of the bed: for every man sent to seize upon the movables which PONSENAS had left, and of all his goods, the which was far short of their due. The which all men did find very strange: for that before he entered into that office, he was held to be as rich as any one of his profession. Yet there was never so great misery seen, for there was nothing but the straw left for his Wife and Children, who were taken away in pity to be broughtup, else they must have been glad to have begged their bread, or died for hunger, so bare this house was made. The History of France, under FRANCIS the second.   

marvelous Sleepers.  
I Knew a young man who dreaming in the night that he was to ride forth about some business, rose up being fast a sleep out of his bed, made himself ready, put on his Boots and Spurs, and getting upon a Pole that served to hang clothes at a Garret window, he set a-stride on it, and began to Spur with his heels, as if he had been on horseback. But awaking presently, he was so terrified with this accident, as he came unto me for remedy. P. SALIUS DIVERSUS Physician, Chap. 18. in his Treaty of the affected parts.  
I did help another, who being of a choleric and quarreling disposition, used commonly to dream that he was fight with one or other, and thereupon rising out of his bed, ran to his weapons, drew out his sword, and fencing it after a strange manner, struck and foyn at the Chamber walls, insomuch that they were fain to take away every thing out of this Chamber that might either hurt himself or others. In the same.  
Besides these two I knew an Artificer that in his sleep rose out of his bed, and going out of the Chamber went up and down the stairs, and all about the house without any harm. Upon a time he went stark naked in his sleep to his shop, and with his Keys unlocked the doors of it: whereupon being awaked by some of his friends that met with him, he became so ashamed, that he never fell into the like again. In the same.  
Lying in an high chamber in the College of Francfort upon Odera with master MARTIN GUTTENBERGER, student in Physic, a young man of a lively spirit, small stature, and slender body, but of a moist brain: and chancing to awake, I saw him walk stark naked up and down the Chamber being fast a sleep, and then get up into a great window that was wide open, and there stand. Suddenly I ran to him and caught him in mine arms, fearing lest he would have tippled out of the window, and having carried him to bed, I asked him what he did? Nothing said he: and when he awaked he never remembered any thing he had done. I. HORST. Physician, in his learned treatise of the nature of nightwalkers.  
Before I went to study Physic at Francfort, desiring to see other universities, I was sent for to be Tutor to three young gentlemen of Misnia, whose Father named GEORGE de SCHLINITZ, Councillor to divers Princes, and a grave and unreprovable parsonage, told me that he and two of his brethren had walked many times in their sleep whilst they were students at Lipsic, yea and gotten up into garrets and climbed up on the tops of houses: so that one of his brothers chanced to fall and break his thigh. At length their Tutor looking narrowly unto them, whipped them wel-favoredly, assoon as they got out of their bed: which having continued twice or thrice until such time as they awaked, by that means they were helped. The same.  
Three young gentlemen brethren, lying together in one Chamber, one of them rose up naked and sound a sleep, carrying his shirt in his hand, & went to the window, where he caught hold of a cord hanging at a certain pulley, and winding up himself to the top of the ouse, met with a Pies nest, got out the young ones, wrapped them up in his shirt, let himself down again, re-entered into the Chamber window, laid himself down in his bed, and slept as before. Awaking in the morning, he began to say to his brothers. Wot you what I dreamt to night? me thought I rose out of my bed, went to the window, & got up to the house top, where I found a Pies nest and brought away the young ones. His brothers laughed at it: and after other talk, going to rise, he sought up and down for his shirt, which at last he found with the young Pies wrapped up in it. They ran presently and looked up to the top of the house, and saw where the Pies nest had been pulled out. The same.  
A young Scholar at Blackenbourg did many things sleeping. Assoon as he had supped he would have fallen into so dead a sleep, that for any noise could be made he never waked. After that with pinching & pulling of him they had made him look up, if they carried him to bed, he slept as before: but the next morning he never remembered any thing had been done over night. Moreover, whatsoever he held, being so a sleep, were it the end of a table, a nail in the wall, a napkin or any garment, they were fain to have two or three men to open his fingers, and make him let go his hold: insomuch that many times holding his clothes in his hand, they were forced to carry him to bed, and let him lie so with them till he awaked of himself the next morning. The same.  
It is not long since that the Duke of Holst Cook rising in his sleep went down out of his Chamber, and having passed through a great wide-court, entered into the kitchen, and got into the Well straddling with his feet, and with his fingers clinging so hard to the sides of it, that in this sort he descended with nothing but his shirt on till he came to the water, which wetting the skirt of his shirt it struck so cold on his heels that he awaked, and began to cry out in his language, O mein bein helffe mir that is to say. O my legs, help me. The folks of the house wakened with the cry, & somewhat understanding the voice, sought for him, & finding him hanging by the hands & feet against the sides of the Well they reached him down a ladder with a candle and a lantern. But not able to get him up that way, they let down a great bucket willing him to put his right foot in it, and with his hands to hold fast by the chain of the Well. By which means he was drawn up having been as it were frozen in the Well, they carried him to bed, where he lost his speech and opened his eyes very seldom and that with pain. Being sent for to visit him, I spent all that day in fight with the apoplexy. At length he began to stir a little, and to mutter forth some words, but vomiting exceedingly. The next day I found him come to himself again and talking: he told me how that night that he was so in the well he dreamt that he was walking, and with stumbling had like to have fallen, and that him thought he had been over head and ears in water. Finally after afewe days he was thoroughly recovered again. The same.  
A Spanish gentleman, surnamed TAPIA, rose oftentimes in his sleep, and did many things about the house, going from one place to another without awaking▪ but to the end no mischance should come unto him, he had always a basin of water set by his bed side. Now one night in the Sommer-time he arose in his shirt, put a cloak about him, got him forth a doors, being all this while fast asleep, and met (as him thought) with another man who demanded of him whither he went so late. It is so hot, answered TAPIA that, I mean to go & wash myself. And so will I quoth the other, come let's go along together. Withal my heart▪ saith TAPIA. Thereupon they got them to the river, where TAPIA putting of his cloak and shirt, was going into the water: but the other jesting beeganne to say, you cannot swim I am sure: marry but I can, replied the gentleman, and it may be better than you.  
Well (quoth the other) then follow me. And saying so, he got him up on a bridge that was thereby, and leaping down into one of the deepest places of the River, swam up and down and called to the Gentleman, since you brag so much, do as I have done. TAPIA follows him, and leaps into the River as all this was done in his sleep, so assoon as his feet touched the water he awaked and labouring all that possibly he could, he began to call that other who was not to be seen. Whereupon fearing it was some evil Spirit that had drawn him into that danger, after he had recommended himself unto GOD, he swam over the River, took up his cloak and shirt, and returned home, recounting that which had happened unto him: and afterwards used means not to fall into the like peril, again. A▪ the TORQVEMADOE in the end of the third date of his Hexameron.  
There have been many found, who rising thus sleeping, and going up into windows that have been open, have fallen down to the ground, breaking their Arms and legs: others have been found stark dead: and some so grievously wounded, as they have soon after given up the ghost. But it sufficeth us to propound such as have escaped (the which are set down in Books that we have seen) until that time may discover the rest, by some man more diligent than myself, who may note all if it please him.  
I have heard of a young Maiden at Paris, which did usually every night go to bathe herself in the River, being a sleep: The which she continued long, until that her Father being advertised thereof, watched her in the Street, and whipped her well, to make her leave this custom: whereat the Maid awaked, and was much ashamed to see herself naked in the street. Master L. JOUBERT lib. 3. chap. 10.  
It is also reported, that a Scholar, having had a quarrel the night before with one of his companions, rise up in his sleep, and went and slew his enemy lying in his bed in another Chamber, and then he returned to his own bed without waking, as it was supposed: for the next day the justice being called by the Host, found him a sleep, and his Dagger bloody, confessing that he had dreamt that he had sl●…ine him, who they said was murdered. In the same Author. There are (said he upon this report) many such examples, by the which we may conclude, that besides the natural and vital faculties of the soul, (the which he affirms to be very powerful in sleepers) these also that are dedicated and subject to our wills, do labour, caused by the means of the Muscles: as to go, to embrace, to speak.   

Strange efficacy and power of Satan.  
MAster THEODORE Son to CORNELIUS sometimes Consul of Goude in Holland, reported this History unto me that followeth, avouching it to be very true. In a village called Ostbrouch near unto Vtrech there dwelled a widow, who had a servant whom she employed about necessary affairs of the house. He having observed, (as servants are often curious) that this widow went late in the night, when all were at rest, into one certain place in the stable, stretching forth her hands upon the rack, whereas they usually put hay for their cattle. He wondering what it meant, resolved to do as much without the privity of his Mistress, and to try the effect of this ceremony. Soon after, following his Mistress who was gone into the stable, he goes and takes hold of the rack. Suddenly he feels himself to be lifted up into the air, and to be carried into a Cave under ground in a little Town called Vuich, whereas he found a synagogue of Sorcerers, devising together of their witchcrafts. His Mistress amazed at this unexpected presence, asked him how he came into that company: to whom he reported what had happened. She began to be in a great rage against him, fearing lest those mighty assemblies should be descovered by that means, yet she consulted with her companions what was to be done in that difficulty. In the end they concluded to entertain this new guest friendly, forcing a promise from him to keep silence, and to swear not to descover the secrets which then had been made known unto him, beyond his hope or merit. This poor man promiseth wonders, and flatters every one: and lest he should be more toughly handled, he makes a show to be admitted of that Synagogue, if it pleased them. In these Consultations the time was spent, and the hour of departure approached. Then they make an other consultation at the instance of the Mistress; whether for the preservation of many, it were not expedient to cut the servants throat, or to carry him back. By a common consent they inclined to the milder course, to carry him back again, seeing he had taken his oath not to reveal any thing. The Mistress undertakes this charge, who (after protestations made) takes him upon her back, promising to carry him back unto her house. But having made part of the way, they discovered a Lake full of reeds. The Mistress meeting with this occasion, and fearing still that this young man (repenting himself that he had been admitted to these hellish feasts) would descover what he had seen: shakes him violently from her shoulders, hoping (as it was likely) that he should lose his life, as well through the violence of his high fall, as that he should be buried in the mud of the Lake.  
But as GOD is infynitly merciful, desiring not the death of a sinner; but that he should convert and live: he did limit the furious desseins of this Sorceress, and would not suffer this young man to be drowned, so as his fall was not mortal, for tumbling down, he met with a thick tuft of reeds, which did abate the violence of his fall: yet he was very sore hurt, having no means to help himself but with ●…is tongue, being all the rest of the night in extreme pain in this muddy couch. Day being come, in lamenting and crying out, it was the will of GOD that some passengers being amazed at this extraordinary Clamour, after they had sought diligently, found this poor Body half dead, having both his knees out of joint. They inquire whence he was, and how he came in that case: and hearing the whole discourse, after they had drawn him out of that miserable place they caused him to be transported in a Cart to Vtrecht. The Bourgemaster, called JOHN of Colombourg (a virtuous Gentleman) ravished with admiration for so strange an accident, made a diligent inquiry of the matter, and caused the Sorceress to be apprehended and committed to prison, where she confessed all that had passed voluntarily and without torture, beseeching him to take some pity of her. But by a general consent this woman was condemned and publicly burnt. The servant lay long before he was cured of his hurts, especially of his thighs, being punished for his detestable curiosity. Master BAUDOVIN de ROUSEY in his medicinal Epistles. Epist. 50.  
ERASMUS in his Epistles upon the report of HENRY of GLARIS a learned man in our time, writes that the 10. of April 1533. in an Inn at Sciltac a Town in Suisserland, distant some eight good Leagues from Fribourg, as night approached they heard a certain hissing, which seemed to come out of one of the Chambers. The master of the house suspecting there were some thieves did run to that place. Whereas he found not any man, but he still herd the same voice in the garret, and from thence on the top of the Chimney. Then presuming it should be some evil spirit, he sent for two priests to conjure it, who having begun their exorcisms, the spirit answered them, that he cared not for them, for the one was a whore-hunter, and both were thieves, so as in despite of all they could do, he would burn the Town, as he had undertaken. Some thought it was for jealousy which he had conceived against the hosts Son and the maid of the house, of whom he had had carnal knowledge, by the space of fourteen years, as she confessed afterwards at her death. Having therefore raised this creature in an instant, to the top of the Chimney, he delivered fire into her hand, commanding her to fire the Town, the which she did, so as in less than an hour all was consumed to ashes, neither could water or vinegar quench this fire. This was a real thing, and the fire also which the Devil brought, was real and material, but of an other nature than the common fire, or any artificial that can be made. And yet it came not from above, as the fire of lightning, the which burneth little, if it fall not by chance among gonpowlder, as in the year 1500. it happened at Paris in the Tower of Billy: and sense at Macklin in Brabant and at Venise. Blaise Viginere in his treaty of Comets.  
I will add unto this history what PHILIP CAMERARIUS reports, who saith that the fire fell here and there upon houses like unto fiery boullets, and when that any one did run to help to quench his neighbour's house being on fire, they called him back presently to save his own. They had great difficulty to save a Castle of free stone, seated a good way from the Town. I have heard the particularities of this terrible visitation, from the mouth of the Curate of the place, and other Inhabitants of good credit, who had been spectators of all. The Curate told me, that this evil and cruel spirit, did counterfeit the singing and melodious tunes of diverse birds, and many that were in my company did wonder with me, to see the Curate have as it were a Crown about his long hair, which he carried after the ancient manner, all of divers colours: saying, that it had been done by this spirit, which had cast the hoop of a Hogshead at his head. He added moreover, that the same spirit did ask him one day with some others, if they had never heard a Raven croak? That thereupon this enemy, made so horrible a noise, as all that were present were so amazed, as if it had continued any longer, they would have died for fear. Moreover, this old man did affirm, (but not without blushing) that oftentimes this enemy of man's salvation, laid open to himself and to others, that did accompany him, the secret sins they had committed, so exactly, as all were foreced to leave the place, and retire themselves to their houses ashamed. In his Historical meditations, Cha. 75.   

Great Fires.  
I Do not enter at this present into the consideration of fires growing through the fury of the War, having reserved the description thereof among the incredible miseries, caused by the wars in our 〈◊〉. In this Section we will only treat of fires proceeding from other means. The last of june about a hundred years since, towards night: Cracovia the capital City of Poland was set on fire, the which was in a manner all burnt. It was a wonderful ruin, by reason of many thousands of houses that were consumed to Ashes. Master Cromer, lib. 30. of the History of Poland.  
In the year 1514. the 11. of january at night, fire took the Realte at Venice, and first consumed the rich shops, which were very many. A Northerly wind blowing very vehemently, carried this fire to the next houses: in an instant all was on fire: so as infinite buildings were ruined. Saint JOHN'S Temple, the Meal Market, and all the buildings about it. The shops of Goldsmiths and changers were consumed. This fire continued all night, and could not be quenched, but in making place by the ruin of houses, and whole streets. Most part of the City was defaced by this accident. Since it hath been so reedefied, beautified, and enlarged, as this loss, hath not been seen these many years. P. JOVIUS, lib. 12. of his Histories.  
The year 1518. in june, after a horrible Eclipse of the Sun, there followed at the same hour a terrible fire at Vienna in Austria, the which burned a quarter of the City. The Emperor MAXIMILIAN the first being with his Court at Inspruch, fell sick hearing of this news, and died of a continual fever. CUSPINIAN in the life of the Emperors.  
In the year 1536. the 2. of May, a gust of wind having scattered sparkles here and there, fire took in many houses at Delft, a great, fair, and famous Town in Holland, so as in few hours the greatest part thereof was ruined, and had like to have been all consumed by this fire. But it hath been so repaired since, as at this day it is one of the pleasing and most delightful Towns that can be seen. In this fire there happened a memorable accident. Men of credit did see that time a Stroke (whereof there are great numbers in Holland) which coming from her prey, discovered, that the fire had taken the nest, where her young ones were. She began to fall upon it, to see if she could preserve them from the fire: but for that they were yet unfethered, and that there was no means to draw them forth, she fell upon them with her wings spread abroad, and covering her young ones, was so consumed to Ashes with them. What a reproach is this charitable Bird unto some fathers and Mothers, which have no feeling of nature, nor of humanity, but only the face. ANDR. JUNIUS in his description of Holland.  
In the year 1539. betwixt june and july, upon a Thursday at night, fire took at Constantinople, near unto the prison appointed for criminal persons, in the shops of such as sold Tallow, Rosin, Oil, and such like stuff, so as it took hold of the prison which was barred very close, and there smothered seven hundred men. From thence it dispersed itself on every side through the City, & coming to another prison, they were constrained to let them forth, else they had all perished: for in a moment this prison was consumed to Ashes. Then the fire advanced towards the wooden gate, where as the Smiths forges be, & such as deal in Iron works: from thence it took hold of the Captain of the janissaries house, & consumes all it meets in that quarter. Then it gets into the Taverners street, & that being consumed, it doth seize upon a great place called Tachral Cala, than it turned towards the Copper-smiths, and the Glasse-houses▪ environing all that quarter that is about the painted Stoves. Then going on, it came to the place where the jews dwelled, where it made a wonderful spoil, for that the houses stand very close. The flames flew to the gate of the Fishmarket, and consumed all that it encountered betwixt that and the jews Street, whose houses were burnt to Ashes. Neither was it possible by any means to quench this fire, so as it continued all night, and the next day, even unto the evening, having wasted and consumed the best part of the City, and Suburbs thereof, unto the Sea-shoare. The Annals of Turkey.  
In the year 1546. on Saturday the seventh of August, fire fell from Heaven, upon Macklin in Brabant, and fired a Tower, where was a hundred Barrels of powder. This Tower was quite overthrown, with a piece of the Town wall, of two hundred paces, near unto the said Tower. Then the fire of this powder took hold of the near places, and did so fire all the Town, as if a great shower of rain had not fallen, this great City had been consumed to Ashes. The next day they found so many dead carcases, and so stinking, as they were forced with all speed to make great holes, and to bury them by dozen at a time. All the Sunday was spent in such burials. The number of the hurt exceeded a hundred and fifty. They found a Woman with Child smothered under certain ruins, who being speedily opened, her Child was found breathing, and was baptized. A Gentlewoman leaping out of her bed to open a window in her Chamber, her head was cut off with a Thunderboult, so as it hung without life by a piece of the skin. In a corner of a street, near unto BERNARD'S Palace, a taverner called CROWS, being gone into the Seller to draw Beer for his guests, whereof some played at Cards: the house in a moment was overthrown, the players among others were crushed in pieces, having the Cards yet in their hands, when they drew them from under the ruins. No one in the house escaped but only the host, preserved by means of the vaulted Cave into the which he was gone. Three days after this pitiful Accident, there were many found in Caves dead for hunger, others smothered, or fainted away, with the terror and insupportable stink of the lightning. They found a man and a woman that were carried away, and as it were tied fast betwixt the branches of a Tree. The suburbs of Neckecspsis were in a manner all ruined. This City so pleasant and fair before, was all disfigured, and as it were torn in pieces: her stately buildings spoiled and overthrown: among others, the Emperor's Palace, the Lady MARGVERITS, and that of Berque, were struck with lightning, and overthrown. The house of the Italian Bankers was quite ruined: the Post lodging spoiled, and the Stable carried away with the Horses. A part of the Augustine's Covent, and of other Temples in the City were broken. The Count of Hocstrats house endured, and broke the shock of this storm, the which ceased when it had overthrown it. With out it nothing had been left standing, neither within the Town nor about it. There were found huge quarters of free Stone cast by the Tempest, above six hundred paces from the Wall, to the great hurt of those places where they fell. It was a fearful Tempest, a presage of the war of Germany, whether the Emperor CHARLES the fifth than marched.   

CHILDREN. Memorable Accidents both before and soon after the birth of some.  
THE year 1551. in the month of August, a certain German woman of Misnia, was brought in bed of a Daughter, which died within six months after of the small Pox, five days before she came into the world, she was heard very intelligibly to cry in the Mother's belly. I did present it to be baptized, with the Wife of Master JOHN KENTMAN, a Doctor of Physic. G. le FEURE, Lib. 3. of the Annals of Misnia.  
In the beginning of january 1558. an other woman of the same Town. being at a Sermon, the Child which she carried in her belly, did cry thrice so loud, that such as were about the Mother, did understand it plainly. A month after she was happily delivered. The same Author.   

Many Children borne at one Birth.  
I Will represent here some Histories of former ages, by reason of the rareness, hoping the discourse will be pleasing: protesting in the mean time to contain my self in other things within my intention, which is not to exceed the wonders of late days, whereof I will produce some examples.  
In the Country of Agenois is the famous house of BEAV▪ VILLE, sometimes very rich, and of great possessions, from the which the Marshal of Monlucs wife was descended. It is held for a true History, that the Grandmother of the said Lady had nine Daughters at one birth, that were all married and had Children. The Mother and the said Daughters successively were interred at Saint Crepasi, the Collegiall Church of Again, built and founded by the said house of BEAU-VILLE: the Mother having made her Tomb in the Church upon a portal, betwixt nine others which she had also caused to be made for her Daughters, in memory thereof. I have seen some of them being at Again in the year 1577. in the said Church. The others have been ruined during the civil wars: And this was the History. The Lady of BEAU-VILLE had a Chambermaid that was fair and lovely, with whom her husband seemed to be in love, so as she to be honestly rid of her, married her. This Maid at her first lying in, had three children, which made the Gentlewoman suspect that her husband had a share in them, imagining it not possible that one woman could conceive by one man such a number of children. The which increased her jealousy, and notwithstanding any persuasions, she began to defame and hate this poor Maid more and more.  
It happened a while after that the Gentlewoman was with child, & so big, as she was delivered of nine daughters. The which they did interpret to be a punishment sent from GOD, that she might be ashamed of her slander seeing they might object unto her a greater fault, as if she had been familiar with many, for she did always obstinately maintain, that a woman could not conceive above two Children by one man. Being much ashamed, fearing to be defamed, and condemned by her own sentence, she was so tempted by the evil spirit, as she resolved to cause eight of her Daughters to be drowned, and to keep one: keeping the matter secret betwixt the Midwife and her Chambermaid, to whom this cursed Commission was given. But it was GOD'S will that the husband coming from hunting met with the Chambermaid, & descovering the practice preserved his innocent Daughters from death, caused them to be nursed unknown to the Mother, and at their Christening called them all BORGVE, by one name, and so he did the ninth which the Mother had reserved. When they were somewhat grown, he caused them all to be brought into his house apparelled in one livery, having also attired that with in the house of the same sort. Being altogether in one Chamber, he caused his wife to come in, accompanied with their Parents and familiar friends: and bid her to call BOURGVE. At this call every one of the nine answered, where at the Mother was much amazed, and the more for that they were all of the like stature, face, countenance and voice, and in the like apparel, which made her heart to give that they were her nine Daughters: and that GOD had preserved the eight, which she had exposed, and held to be dead whereof her husband did satisfy her, reproaching unto her her inhumanity before all the company, and showing her that this might chance to confound her in the bad opinion which she had always held of him concerning her Chambermaid. M. L. JOUBERT. lib. 3. Chap. 2. of his popular errors.  
I have heard that in the house of ESTOURNEAV in Perigort there chanced the like Accident about 300. years ago. The Lady had 9 Sons at on birth, and would have exposed eight of them, the which were happily preserved (through the grace of GOD) by the Father's meeting them. All nine lived, and were advanced to great places: four were of the Church, and five of the world. Of the Clergy men one was Bishop of Perigueux and Abbot of Branlaume. The second was Bishop of Paniez. The third Abbot of Grand-Selue, and the fourth of the house of God. Of the secular men, one was the King's Lieutenant at Reole against the English. The second had a government in Bourgongne, and the other three were in great credit about the King. All this is to be seen at this day painted in a great Hall, in the Castle of Estourneve, as the Seignor of Estourneau hath told me, being issued from that famous and very ancient house, and now Steward of the King of Navarres house, which is now King of France. The same Author liber. 4. Chapter 2.  
That of the Pourcelets of Arles in Provence, is almost like unto this, out of the which is issued the Noble house of the Conuertis: who were so called, for that the Chambermaid which carried the eight to drown, being met by the husband, said that they were Pigs which she went to drown for that the Sow could not keep them. Some say it came by the curse of a poor woman, who begged an alms of the gentlewoman of the house: the said poor woman having many little Children about her. The which the gentlewoman reproached unto her, as proceeding of wantonness, and that she was too much given to men. The poor woman, (who was honest) did then pray, that the gentlewoman might conceive with as many Children, as a Sow hath Pigs. It so fell out by the will of GOD, to let the Lady understand, that we must not impute that to vice which is a great blessing.  
They report as much of the Noble family of Scrova at Padova, which carries a Sow in their Arms, in Italien called SCROFA, and in corrupt Language Scrova, which is the surname of that family. In the Annals of Lombardie it is written, that in the time of ALGIMONT the first King of the Lombard's, there was a strumpet brought in bed of seven Sons, and that the one of them succeeded the said ALGIMONT. JOHN PICUS Prince of Mirandola writes in his Commentaries upon the second Psalm, that in Italy a German woman was brought in bed at twice of twenty Children, at the first birth she had twelve, and that the burden was so heavy, as she was fain to keep it up with a towel. ALBUCACIS a great Physician, and an Arrabian Surgeon, is a witness of a woman that had seven Children, and of an other that miscarried of fiveteene well proportioned. PLINY makes mention of one that miscarried of twelve. MARTIN CROMER in his History of Poland writes that the wife of the Earl VIRBOSLAS in Cracovia was delivered of six and thirty Children alive, in the year 1269. But that which exceeds all other examples and which is extraordynarie, supernatural and miraculous, is that which is written of a Countess of Holland, the which LEWIS GVICHARDIN doth set down in his description of the Low Countries, as it is testified in an Abbey near to the Hage. MARGVERITE Daughter to the Noble Lord, Plorent Earl of Holland and of Mathilde Daughter to HENRY Duke of Brabant, Sister to WILLIAM King of Germany, being about two and forty years old, was brought in bed on friday before Easter, in the year 1313. (as Histories do write) of 365. Children, males and females, the which (in the presence of many Noblemen and Gentlemen) being laid orderly in a great basin, were baptized by a Bishop: the males were all called by one name JOHN, & the females ELIZABETH. All died soon after, and so did the Mother, and were buried together in one grave. L. VIVES; ERASMUS and others which report this History, say, that it was forasmuch as the said Lady had mocked a very poor woman as she was a begging some relief of her, for that she carried two Twins. She did blame her very much (saying it was impossible that a woman should have two Children beegotten at one time of one Father. hereupon the poor woman made her earnest prayer unto almighty GOD, that (for proof of her innocency, being wrong-fully accused) that the Countess might carry as many Children at one birth as there were number of several days in the whole year.  
To return to our Histories of fewer Children at a burden, we have seen a woman at Aubenas in Vivares, who at her first burden had two Children, at her second three, and at the third four. At Orillac in Auvergne the Wife of one called SABATIER, had three Sons at a birth. The first & the last lived 24 hours the middle (who therefore was called JOHN of three) came to man's estate; was married at Paris, and lived long. The Wife of a Capper in Rovan, crooked and little, had five Sons at one birth, in the year 1550. All this is extracted out of Master L. JOUBERT. lib. 3. chap. 1. of his popular errors. Let us add hereunto some other Histories.  
In the year 1554. at Perme in Suitzerland, the wife of JOHN GELINGER a Doctor, was delivered of five Children at one birth, three males and two females. PLINY talks of a Greek, who at four burdens had twenty Children, whereof the most part lived. DALECHAMPS in his French chirurgery writes, that a Gentleman of Sienna, called BONAVENTURE SAVELLI, had assured him, that a slave and Concubine of his, had seven Children at one birth, whereof four were baptised. And in our time betwixt Sarte and Main, in the parish of Seaux near unto Chambellay, there is a Gentleman's house called Maldemette, whose wife had the first year she was married two Children, the second year three, the third four, the fourth five, and the fifth year six children, whereof she died: one of these six children is yet living, Seigneor of that place of Maldemette Master AMB. PARE lib. 24. chap. 5.  
They have seen often in Spain, a woman delivered of three Children: and not long since, a woman had four at a burden. It was generally reported a good while since, that a great Lady was brought in bed at Medina del Campo of seven Children. And they say that a Stationer's Wife at Salamanca had nine. Seeing we treat of those Admirable Histories, of many Children delivered at one birth, I will report what AVICENNE doth witness in the ninth book of Creatures, of a woman who at one birth brought forth 70. Children well proportioned. And ALBERT the Great writes that he hath heard for certain of a Physician, which being called in a certain Town in Germany, to visit a sick Lady, found that she had been delivered at one birth of 150. Children, all wrapped together in a little film, as big as a man's little finger, all which came forth alive with their just proportion. A. TORQVEMADO in the first days work of his hexameron. It is admirable, that a woman should have so many Children, so small, and yet proportioned and alive, as we have seen of the Countess of Holland, and other women above mentioned by AVICENNE and ALBERT. For the explaining of the whole. I will add that which CONSTANTIUS VAROLIUS a learned Physician at Bolonia the fat doth write in the 4. book of his anatomy. I have seen (saith he) an abortive fruit of three weeks, confusedly proportioned of the bigness of a barley curnell, where I did note the head and the breast, but no arms nor thighs. Moreover I have seen an other of six weeks old, having a distinct form of the bigness of a Bee, where did appear the eyes, the nose, the mouth, the heart, the lights, the ribs, the back, the liver, the Midriff, the stomach, the reins, the bowels, the yard & other parts: the which I showed unto many. The arms and thighs began to bud forth, being very small in proportion to the rest of this little Body, for the thighs were no bigger than a grain of mill, and the arms twice as big. I have seen many other such aborive fruits, of the bigness of a bean, a snail or a frog. Whereas I have always found all the parts, and did ever observe that the extremities were less in proportion then the rest: in such sort notwithstanding, as the spirit quickening this mass, doth fashion and shape all the parts thereof together: but he doth bring in successively the fall and perfect fynishing of the form. This our Body is a rich and admirable web, a piece of tapistry of high price, the which should move us think often, of the contents of the 139. Psalm.  
CONRADE LICOSTHENES in his collection of prodigies, reporting the history of a German, who at two deliveries had twenty Children, adds that in the territory of MODENA, an Italian called ANTONIA, about forty years old, who had been always accustomed to have four Children at a time, or three at the least, had then forty as the Bishop of Como doth testify, who writ the History.  
Leaving these ancient Histories, whereof we could produce a great number, we will report some of our time. A Country woman in Suisserland in the year. 1535. had four Sons at one birth the which lived some hours. another woman about Zurich had also four Sons at one time the which were Christened. STUMPSVIS and LICOSTHENES. A Sicilian named PAMIQVE, married to BERNARD BELLOVARD of Agrigentum, was so fertile, as at thirty births she had seventy three Children. A woman of Misnia being four and twenty years old, had nine Children at one birth whereof being delivered, both she and all her Children died. TH. FAZEL. lib. 6. of the 1. decade of the History of Sicilia.  
In the year 1579. there lived a woman called SALVST●…, fat and low, the which at two lyings in, had eighteen Children. I. MICHAEL PASCAL. in his Annotations upon the 1. book of P. PAUL PEREDA of the cure of diseases. Chapter 59 At Bolognia the fat JULIUS SCATINARE, a man that had many Children was the seventh Child of birth. His mother was sister to the Seignor FLORIAN de DV●…PHE my kinsman, and I have seen a woman in the Town of Carpi have five Sons at one birth. CARPUS in the Anatomy. We read in the Annals of GENOA, written by AUGUSTIN JUSTINIAN in his 5. book, that in the memory of our Fathers BARTHOLOME the wife of JOHN BOCCANE had at one Childbirth nineteen Children, every one as big as a date, having but a confused form. A councillors wife at Bolognia, had at her first delivery two twins, at the second three Children, whereof one had life: and four at the third, which died incontinently. TRINCAVELLE liber 11. Chap 17. of cure of diseases. In the time of the Emperor MAXIMLIAN a Suisse had three Sons at one birth, & they allived to the age of marriage. I. RVEF. lib. 5. of the conception & generation of man. ch. 4.  
Some few years past, the wife of an Artificer called BRANDIMART 26. years old, being eight months gone with Child, not able to bear her burden any longer, was delivered of four Children well proportioned, two Sons and two Daughters, the which soon after they were baptized died, and the Mother living. All the people of Mantova did ru●…ne to see this woman and her four Children. The Duchess herself did honour this poor woman with her presence, and gave her great ●…eleefe. MARCEL DONAT lib. 4 of his Physical Histories▪ Chapter 24. A woman in the Town of Leyden in Holland, living yet in the year 1597. and then about 38. years old, had had eighteen Children at four births, whereof four then lived. Memories of our Time.   

Children delivered at divers times, of one bigness: by superfetation.  
NOt long since in the Country of Agenois, there were three Children at one birth, and one delivered eight days after an other. They write of a woman of ALEXANDRIA, which was seen at Rome in ADRIANS' time, with five Sons, whereof the fifth was borne forty days after the other four, borne at one time. M. L. JOUBERT. lib. 3. of popular errors Chap. 1.  
At Beaufort in Vallee a Country in Anjou, a young Wife Daughter to MACE CHAUMERE was brought in bed of a Child, and eight or ten days after, she fell in labour of an other, which they were forced to pull out, of her Body, whereof she died. M. AMB. PARE. lib. 24. Chapter 5.  
A great Lady of Spain, being in travel of Child, delivered one, the news whereof being carried to her Lord and husband, his answer was to them which made the report: return all is not done she will have more. He spoke the truth: for some hours after by fits, she was delivered of five Children more. A. TORGVEMADO in the first journey of his Hexameron.  
The Wise of ZACHARIE of Scarparia, being brought in bed of a Son, three months after was delivered of another, and both lived: the one being a G●…ocer at Florence in Saint Laurence street, NICHOLAS in the 6. discourse. tr. 1. chap. 22. A certain woman was first delivered of a goodly Son, and the next day of a very ●…oule one. It was thought she had trespassed against her honour. GORDOINUS in his book entitled Lilium sect. 7. cap. 2. Although the birth of Monsters be rare, yet supertation is more, yea so rare, as some hold it impossible: yet notwith▪ standing we have had one example in an honest man's wife, she was brought in bed of a Son at her full time, the 7. of December 1570. at ten of the clock at night, with the delivery of all that which is accustomed to come after a happy birth: the next day at the same hour, contrary to any apprehension of herself or of the Midwife, she was delivered of an other Son, the which had not gone half the time, for that the eyes, nostrils and mouth, had no vents or opening. DODONEUS in his Observations upon the 3. chap of Anth. Beniucnius.  
The wife of monsieur GAILLART, Precedent in the Chancery of Valence, four months after the death of her husband, was brought in bed of one Son and five months after of another. PE. PAUL PEREDE. I have seen a Gentlewoman with child with two Twins, whereof the first came forth dead, the first day of the ninth month: the seventh day following she was brought in bed of the other, which was living. A. LAURENT. lib. 2. of his Anatomy. quest. 32.  
The Lady MARIE of Neufchastell, having had nine Children by the Baron of Cremaille: in her second marriage with the Seignor of Malortie, she was with Child of three Sons, with which number being but small of stature) she was so overcharged, as about the 5. month she was delivered of one only. And she thinking, (as M. THIBAUT, a famous Physician at Chasteautierry did also) that they were but burdens; he prescribed her a strong purgation, to make her void those things, the which brought down the other two children, so whole and lively, as the Physician himself (repenting him) said, that without doubt they would have gone out their full time, notwithstanding the miscarrying of the other, if the purgation had not done them wrong. Afterwards, she was oft with child, and almost always with Twins; sometimes with sons, sometimes with daughters: in the one of them she was so hurt with a dog, as finding herself presently ill, she feared that her fruit was dead; so as fifteen days after, she was brought in bed of two children, whereof the one was dead, being very apparent that it had been long before suffocated: the other was alive, but so weak, by the communication of his brother's harm, that for 3. days he could not suck; yet he was so carefully tended, as he recovered, & was since a Page of the King's Stable. M. FRANCIS ROUSSET in his Commentary of Children that are cut out of the mother's womb, cap. 7. sect. 6. As for natural superfetations, it is certain that two children conceived at several times, one after another, prove it sufficiently: the which I did once observe at Pithuiers, in a woman that was delivered of a second child three weeks after the first. The same Author.  
The wife of JOHN PLIE●…E, of a village called Rixheim, two hours journey from Basil, having carried two Twins her full term, the first lived a year: the second came into the world six weeks after his brother; he lived long, was married, and had eight children. Master GASPAR BAUHIN in his Observations.  
CHRISTIAN SCHLECHTIN having had ten children by her first husband, she married again with MICHAEL VOGEL Provost of Bollickhein, a village three hours journey from Basil, and being with child about the fiftieth year of her age, and the thirtieth of her marriage, in the year of our Lord 1575. one Sunday in April she fell in labour, and was delivered of a daughter named MARIE, which died within fifteen days. Being up and labouring about the house five weeks and five days after this first delivery, she had had new throaes, so as she was delivered of a son called PHILIP, by his father's name, who lives yet: after that she had not any more children. The same Author.  
In the year 1584. there died at Hirshorn, a little town of the Pallatinate, near to Heildelberge, a gentleman Lord of that place, called PHILIP LODOVIC of Hirshorn, leaving no heirs of his body, but a widow with child; those which pretended to be his heirs (if the widow miscarried, or that the fruit of her womb did not live) began presently to molest and trouble her, pulling the keys of chambers, coffers, cabinets, caves, and greniers from her by force; the which did so much afflict her, as laying her hands upon her head, she began to cry out amain, and within few days after she was delivered of a son, but dead, having no head. The heirs run presently and seize upon his succession that was dead: but they did not long enjoy it. The widow being risen out of childbed, felt herself very heavy, thinking it had been the swelling of some humours gathered together in her body by reason of her heaviness. Some Physicians (whose advise she did ask) were of the same opinion, not once dreaming of that which followed soon after. And therefore they advised her to go to certain baths and mineral waters along the Rhine, whether she went, accompanied with one maid, where she arrived in july. At that time the Elector of Saxony was there with his Wife, and many other Princes and Princesses, so as the poor widow being destitute of a lodging, was forced to repair to the Provost or Mayor of the place, acquainting him with her condition. In the end she obtained with great entreaty to lodge in the Provosts house for that night: This night (being ten weeks after her first birth) she was brought in bed of a goodly Son: whereof the Princes being advertised the next day, and of the whole History, did honour her, for the Elector of Menzt made her a stately feast according to the custom of Germany. He of Saxony gave her a thousand collars, and they forced them that had seized upon the inheritance, to leave it to the lawful heir new borne, who was left in the guard and keeping of his Mother. The same.   

Children dead in their Mother's wombs, and put forth by strange means.  
LOVYSE POUPARD, wife to Master NICHOLAS SEVIN, called Champgaste of Orleans, thinking that her terms were not stopped, but by reason of a quarten ague (for then they do commonly cease) was conceived with Child: but not believing it, she used such Physic, letting of blood, and other applications, as they do usually, as well for the quarten ague, as for the hardness of the spleen, the which they took then for the child that was in her belly, not conceiving what it was, but rather some mass gathered together, by the pretended retention of the menstrual blood. In the end the child being dead, and the parts grown more soft, being rotten, without any show of delivery, in time the bones disjoined within her, and did pierce the Matrix behind towards the great gut, so as she then began to void them by little and little by the siege, and among others a whole bone of the leg. Having languished thus a long time, she died, and was opened the sixth day of February 1565. by FLORENT PHILIP, and MICHAEL PICHARD, who found nothing within her but rotten bones, and especially those of the head, with admiration how she could so long sub-sist. This woman seemed to have been curable, by the Gastrotomia, or section of her belly, if her grief had been known in time, and the remedy that is used in Caesarien births, practised discreetly. FR. ROUSSET in his Histerotomotie.  
CATHERINE des FIEFS, Lady of Oucy near unto Milly, in her second marriage fell sick, and with Child at one instant, not imagining that she was conceived, and was Phisicked at Paris being sick, as the other had been at Orleans, with many helps, yea entering into a sweeting diet, notwithstanding that one of the Queen's Midwives did judge her to be with Child, by all the accidents of a woman in that case, orderly observed by her, from the staying of her terms, unto milk in her breasts, and so to the ninth month: at which time all did cease with the free motion of the child, having then pains of childbearing without effect, and presently after there followed all the signs of a dead child: whereof they yet took no heed. So returning from Paris to her house, she ever after carried this child suffocated, even unto her dying day, which was fifteen months after the ninth precedent, that it was alive. The soft parts rotting and falling away beneath, were held with good reason, by N. PONET a learned Physician of Melun, for filth coming out of the matrical ulcer, and the bones remaining for a tumour of the spleen. In the end being dead and opened, the 3. of October 1570. by LUC CHAMPENAIS, and JAMES DAZIER, Barbers at Milly, in the presence of the Seigneiors of Verran and la Gainiere, with many others, there was yet found in her much corruption, no matrix, and all the bones of a child, some rotten, others whole, and among others one of the two that join unto the shoulder upon the breast, having already pierced the skin that covereth the bowels, and the Muscles of the belly, nothing remaining but the skin which did appear without on the left side all black, the which had long before been taken for a tumour of the spleen. If her grief had been well looked into, by the concurrence and continuance of signs in her greatness, the child being dead, and other co-incidences well observed by order, and known what it was: there had been hope, when as she could not be delivered, to have saved both her and her fruit by the Gastrotomia, or Caesarien section: or else the child being dead, to have preserved the Mother, by the means of this section, being then the only and most necessary remedy. In the same Treaty.  
The like mournful effect followeth the like cause, in the Wife of a Chirurgeon at Montpellier called AUSME, assisted (as it is to be presaged) by the most famous Physicians of that reverend College: who as Master RONDELET reports in the 65, Chap. of his Method of Curing) having a child rotten in the Matrix, cast out a part by morsels, the great bone remaining behind, so as within a while after she died. In the same Treaty.  
Master I. ALIBOUX a learned Physician at Sens in Bourgongne, writes in a Letter of his to FR. ROUSSET these words. Here near unto my lodging hath fallen out an accident, as strangely as your Caesarien section. A woman with child, being aged, or otherwise, could not be delivered but by morsels: she had either side of the bottom of her belie very much swelled, by reason of the violence of their Instruments, with all signs of an Impostume, the which did also communicate with the passages of Nature, from that part of the belly (being laid open by corosey) came a great abundance of filth, and as much more of the like substance and colour by the neither parts, she would not suffer me to sound it with the Instrument, to discern precisely and advisedly the bottom of the Synuositie: but without it, it appeared plainly, that the Impostume and the over-ture thereof did pierce into the Matrix, by the common accidents observed and kept, according to the order of times, and by the like excrements, the one and the other being cured by the same means, and at the same time. In the same Treaty. A dead Child, having been violently drawn with 〈◊〉 from a bakers wife called COLETTE SIMON, without hurting the skin that leapt the Child in the belly; she happened in 5. days to have a great swelling of either side in the bottom of her belly, with apparent signs of an Impostume, so as an opening was made by corrosive, on the one side, from whence the Surgeon did draw with his hand a quantity of congealed blood, rotten and stinking, the other side abating nothing, neither could the Surgeon bring away any of the skin that leapt the Child being forced to make a new opening on the other side, from whence he did draw the skin that leapt the child, not without extreme pain in this danger and despair: for she remained as one half dead, and kept her bed three years, two years after she went with Cruches, then with a Staff, and in the end she recovered her health in such sort, as she had many Children and among others, one named SEBASTIEN, who lived long. In the same treaty. M. N. de VILLENEUFVE an ancient Physician in Provence, writs to the same FR. ROUSSET these words. I confess in this long time that I have lived (he was then sixty years old and lived above five and twenty years after in great vigour of body and mind) I did never see this practice whereof you write unto me, of a woman delivered of her Child by the side, and yet to live. I do well remember that MADAM de PILES NONIES having the lower part of her belly much swelled, I caused Master MAURACE a Surgeon of this Town of Vaureas to make an opening in the belly by an actual corrosive, peercing into the hollows of the matrix, from whence there issued as well by the neither parts as by the place so opened above seven pounds of filthy matter, the one like unto the other, and to be the better assured of the place, we did open the neither part with an instrument where we did see the greatness of the matrical ulcer, the which we cured in six months, since which time she had a Daughter, this was in the year 1552. VILLENEUFVE seems to desseine a conception, and the fruit wholly putrefied, and reduced into this marvelous quantity of corruption, although that M. ROUSSET thinks it was only an Impostume in the matrixe. The same VILLENEUFVE reports in an other letter to the said ROUSSET, that he had caused the like cauterisation to be made upon that which is upon the belly of a woman married to BRISSET an Apothicary at Mont-limar, in the year 1558. peercing it even into the inward part of the matrix, so as the corruption sprung out to the beds feet, and at the same instant a great quantity of the like filth came forth by the lower parts. She was cured in 3. months, and soon after conceived, and since she hath had three Sons and one Daughter. In the same treaty.  
M. MATHIAS CORNAX Philosopher and Physician to the Emperor at Vienna in Austria reports (in a Treaty written in Latin, and often printed,) some admirable and memorable Histories, like unto the former. I will ommit many circumstances of places, years and days, personages and witnesses produced to avoid tediousness: the sum is this. MARGV●…RITE wife to the host of the red Crevise at Vienna about 25. year old, who before had had some Children, she was conceived for the third or forth time, in the year 1545. having felt (as of custom) the Child to stir, and the time of her delivery come, she could bring forth nothing: so as for the space of four whole years she carried her Child dead, the same being passed (as it appeared) from the hollowness of the Matrix being rotten, through the body, ulcered therewith towards the bowels, and there causing a great swelling, an opening was made by the advise of CORNAX in the midst of that which is upon the belly to void the corruption. The Physicians and Surgeons could not think there was any Child, considering the lapse of time, during the which the poor woman had been afflicted with very strange pains. Yet a Child was drawn from her which was not so rotten, (the which was admirable) but it might well be discerned for a male. There happened an other wonderful strange thing, that this honest young woman which had lived with death for so many years, was in a manner miraculously drawn out of the grave, and recovered her perfect health. Let us add a third marvel: at a years end she conceived, and bore an other Son his full time. The time of her delivery being come, being in some great difficulty, and almost without any possible means to be delivered like unto other women. CORNAX was called the second time, who advised the Mother and other women there present, that they should suffer her to be opened, as at the former time: giving very many reasons for his Counsel whereunto the young woman yielded. But the Mother and the other women that were there opposed mightily against it, saying that they must refer all to the almighty GOD, and let nature work, in easing her by some other means less dangerous. CORNAX being thus gain said, retired with the Surgeon who had made the former section. But presently after the young woman died and could not be delivered. Soon after they called them back, and being dead there was drawn from her by section a goodly boy, likely to have lived if he had been helped with his Mother, as this learned Physician did pretend.  
In the same work there is a letter written to the same CORNAX by M. ACHILLES GASSAR a learned Physician of Ausbourg, containing the like history in the same circumstances of a woman, to whom a year being past that she could not be delivered of a Child at the due time, the Child (like unto that of the woman of Vienna) was gone from the hollowness of the Matrix being ulcered, towards the kidneys, as it did appear plainly, for that it had made a show of an Impostume in the belly, and principally on the left side, the Surgeon drew from her bone, after bone, who being cured had a Child since.  
He reports in the same book the History sent unto him by Master giles HERTOGE a famous Physician at Bruxelles, of a woman, who not able to be delivered of her Child, the flesh and soft parts of the Child being voided below in rotten corruption, they did feel the bones to grate together, and did mark them with the hand under that which covers the belly and yet this accident which was so strangely troublesome and insupportable to a fine and delicate woman, did not much hinder the actions of this courageous woman: who carried this Cross thirteen whole years. This could not be without peercing of the Matrix, the which notwithstanding was cured, as needs it must, for that no filth nor corruption distilled down by the lower parts, ' as else it would have done. Moreover she had her terms orderly: and desired nothing so much, as to find Physicians and chirurgeons that would under-take to make a convenient section, to draw forth those cracking bones.  
Master FRANCIS ROUSSET, (representing in his Treaty of the Caesariens delivery (the third History above mentioned by CORNAX) confirms them by another very admirable of ALBUCASIS a Physician and Chirurgeon, the which I will describe here, although it be ancient, hoping that this digression shall not be unpleasing. I have seen said he (in the second book of his Surgery) a woman (in whose womb a Child being dead) conceived of another, the which also died there: long after there did rise a swelling at her Navel, the which was opened, and yielded corrupt matter. I was called, and did look to her long, yet could I not strengthen it, although I did apply strong attractives, and many bones came forth, one after another: the which did amaze me, knowing that there are no bones in the belly: Making therefore a search of all, I found they were the little bones of a dead Child, so as after I had drawn forth many, I cured her, yet the Ulcer did always sweat forth something. ALEXANDER BENOIST a Physician of our time, in his practice, in the Treaty of the difficulty of childbearing, reports the like History to that of ALEUCASIS.  
In the Suburbs of Sully upon Loire, MARGVERITE PREVOST, wife to PETER DORET a Milner, being apparently with Child, and come to her time, not able to be delivered, notwithstanding any help of her women, she grew by little and little so extremely sick, and so great, by reason of the Child and other things that were putrefied, that besides the general swelling of all the belly, about the eight or ninth month, she had a particular swelling about her Navel, seeming to be a soft Impostume, red and ready to break, the which Master ITIER GALLEMENT a Surgeon did open with an actual corrosive, on newyears day, in the year 1550. The next day at her second dressing, being desirous to know the reason of certain hairs which showed themselves at the Orifice; I found that it was the head of a Child rotting, which he drew out at the opening, with the rest of the body, which was known to be a female. She was soon cured, and after the death of the said DORET, she married again, and lived helthfully 27. years after and then died of a flux in the year 1577. She had no Children neither before nor after. FR▪ ROUSSET in his Treaty of the Caesarien section.  
M. I. HOULIER, in the end of the first Tome of his Book entitled. Of inward diseases, sayeth that a woman at Paris had a Child, who for fifteen days before that it was borne, had an arm sticking out at her Navel, and yet she remained alive and so did the Child, she did not set down how she was delivered nor by what part, neither whether she had any Child afterwards, the which would have deserved a relation; as well for the theoric as the practice. Without doubt it could not be without some great ulcer in the matrix, although the Child were not afterwards drawn forth below. On the otherside it is a very strange thing, that a Child could be so lively in that estate, having made such work in the matrix, and in that which wrapped him in, the which he had passed through above with his arm: for otherwise it could not be. In the same treaty. I have learned of Mounsieur BUNOT, a learned Physician to the most famous Princes, ANTOINETTE of Bourbon Dovager of Guise, that she had often told him, that some time before her marriage, being twenty years of age, and yet bred up under her Mother, she did see, (being in a Church at la Fere in Picardy) that they presented unto her Mother a young sick creature, pale, weak, swelled, and so strangely tormented with pain, as they knew not what to say to it, nor what to hope of it. The Princess having caused her to be visited by certain Midwives, descovered what it was: that this grievous sick creature, whom they held to be a very pure Virgin, had a Child conceived in her, and she being great, it had been long dead and rotten in her body, whereof not withstanding she was soon cured, and lived very long after in good and perfect health. In the same Treaty.  
BARBARA FHIRER remaining at Zupfring in the Bayle-wike of Bremgarten in Suisserland, being conceived of her third Child, and ready to be delivered, was in labour eight days together with great grief and pain, and not delivered. In the end, not able to endure any more, she remained altogether in her bed. then there appeared unto her upon her belly, above the Navel a bladder, of the bigness of a hazel nut, the which had put her to exceeding great pain for three days together, and in the end at her instant request, it was peerced and opened by a certain neighbour of hers, using an all to that end. The bladder being opened and grown large by reason of the swelling of the belly, presently that which enclosed the Child appeared. They called JOHN BOURGOIS a Surgeon, who having consulted with the Midwives, with their common consents, made such an incision with his razor, as one of the Child's elbows came forth and showed itself: the Surgeon takes hold of it with pincers for the nonce, and draws the Child out whole by this breach, but dead and half rotten. The Mother having suffered no greater harm, than some light fayntings during the operation. The wound being cured, according to the precepts of Surgery, so that within three-weekes she was set on foot, not without great discommodity, for that she was forced to use a great roll continually, and not able to stand up but with meruelious great pain, so as after two years she died. GASPAR BAUHIN in the addition to the History of the Caesarien delivery.  
A Country woman being with Child, and come to the 8. month, being upon the way to go to the market at Sancerre, was cast by her horse and fell against a stone: of this fall she continued 24. hours without speaking or moving. The next day she had a sharp fever accompanied with very violent accidents, as ordinary fainting, vomyting and idleness of the brain. They did purge her, let her blood, and applied what they could to temper the heat of this great fever. After a month she had a swelling near unto the Navel, as big as one's fist. That being opened there came forth a great quantity of corruption, and then pretty big pieces of rotten flesh, and in the end the bones of the Infant which she bore. Having had this wound ten months, in the end she was cured, but yet she continued barren. Some think that if she had been helped by a dissection in the belly, the Child might have been saved. N. NAURICE in the comment upon the 1. book of Hypocrates of women's diseases Text. 3.  
A fleming having her Child dead in her body, could not be delivered, so as it did rot within her, notwithstanding any remedies that were applied to make her void the pieces. In the end she herself borrowed a surgeons instrument, called a Crane's Bill, with the which she herself pulled out the bones of this Child being rotten. Then having eased herself by Lotions, Fomentations, Baths, and other fit helps, she recovered her perfect health. R. SOLENANDRE in the 5. book of his councils. Chap. 15. art 40.   

Children miraculously preserved.  
THe year 1546. in the Town of Misnia in Saxony a servant of THOMAS le FEVREs having a little Child in her arms, and looking out at a window three stories high, by mischance let it fall into the street, whence it was taken up, not being hurt nor bruised in any part of the body. GEORGE la FEURE in his Annals of Misnia. lib. 3. pag. 200.  
In the month of june 1552. a girl of PETER PELICES', a Cook in the same Town and the same street, fell out of the garret window of a house, and had no harm. The same Author pag. 207.  
The Son of SIMON CRAMES a Councillor of the same Town, and dwelling in the same street, fell from an high window down on the pavement, which was of hard stone, and yet not hurt in any part of his body, it happened in the year 1559. In the same Book. pag. 214. Of these three deliverances, GEORGE le FEURE makes mention in these verses:  

Hoc vidit v●…bs, quae nobili,  
Provincia nomen dedit:  
una in platea, tres tribus  
Vicibus cadentes, Angelo  
Custode, vitam ducere-   
In the month of September, the year 1566. a Maid of SIMON RICHTERS, a Citizen of Misna, dwelling by Wolfgang Ber, let a little Boy (which she held in her arms) fall from a very high window. He lighted first on the end of a Wagon, and then on the pavement, but was not any way hurt. In the same Book, pag 227. 228. The year 1568. in the month of june- ERASMUS the son of WOLFGANG BEME, being but four years old, fell out of a window of his father's house into the street, & had no harm. In the same pa. 229  
In a Village hard by Cygne, a certain Countrywoman willed a little boy she had to go and fetch home their Oxen that were feeding by a woods side. Whilst the child was away, there fell so much Snow, that upon a sudden all the ways were covered, & the night came on so fast, that the boy was enclosed in the mountains, and could not get out. The father & mother taking more care for their child then Oxen, rose betimes in the morning to go seek him: but the snow was so great that they knew not where to look him. The next day they traced the forest to find the body, which they were verily persuaded was void of life, but at last they found him sitting on a bank, which the Snow had neither covered nor touched. They asked him, why he came not home all that while: The child answered (having felt no cold nor harm at all) that he stayed till it was evening. Then they asked him whether he had eaten any thing or no. A man that I knew not, said he, came hither & gave me Bread & Cheese: whereat exceeding joyful, they carried him home. I. MANLIUS in the first book of his Collections.  
The year 1565. about the end of September, a maid in the town of Misna, that was an Idiot, lead a little girl of three years old out of the Town (unperceived of any) and having carried her to a river called Trebisa, which was risen somewhat high with rain that was fallen, stripped the girl, & took her upon her shoulder, and waded over the river, then returned and made the child ready again: but being weary of her carriage, she left the poor infant in the wind & the rain, which was then very sharp and bleak. The girl remained all the whole night, and half the next day on the bare ground, where she was found (as GOD would) by a Country wench, who took her up in her arms, & carried her to a farm there by. From whence she was conveyed to her Father and Mother, that were in great perplexity for the loss of their child. GEORGE FEURE in the 3. book of his Annals of Misna.  
The year 1558. there fell such an horrible rain and tempest in Thuringe, that in an instant it overthrew divers houses, and the torrent was so furious, that it carried away a great number of persons of all ages. Amongst the rest a violent inundation of waters overwhelmed a poor labourer's house of Burcktonne, where his wife lay newly delivered of a Son, and swallowing up the wretched Mother, carried away the young infant, that a little before had been laid in a Trough made like a kneeding-tub, which was stayed by the bough of an Appletree, where the child remained, and was found safe and sound after the rage of the waters was allayed: every one acknowledging the truth of this notable sentence: that GOD'S assistance doth appear, when man's doth fail. PH. LONICER in the Theatre of Examples, pag. 196. H. HUSANUS a Lawyer, describes in excellent Latin verse, such a like miracle, which happened about that time, in a certain place of the same Country, on the behalf of a little Child lying in a Cradle, which was carried away very far by the fury of the waters, and then laid gently in a safe shore, where it was found alive.  
ANDREW MERCKTER recites in a certain funeral Oration by him written, touching afflictions, that being a little boy, he had been miraculously preserved from waters, & from manifest danger of drowning three several times: first at Sechouse, next at Wittenberg, and lastly at Perleberg, where this which ensueth happened unto him. As he was standing on the bridge of that place which was very high, certain Roisters, thronging along in great number and haste, pushed him over the bridge into the midst of the stream. It was in Winter, and the Ice covered him, so that carried from the top of the water under the Ice, he was driven to a Mill that stood in the river, where the water not being frozen, by reason of the continual motion which the wheels of the Mill made, he was taken up and saved. PH. LONICER in the same Theatre, in the examples of the third commandent, pag. 198.  
In a Village called Zum Heni●…hen, hard by Friberg in Misna, a little Boy, son to a certain Weaver, playing about the house fide, fell into a great channel of water that served to drive a Mill, and was suddenly carried by the stream which ran very stiff under his father's house, standing over the channel, and then under a bridge, so far that it was enough to have drowned him a dozen times, without the protection of Heaven, which would have the child carried to the Mill, where he took hold with his little hands on the bar which served to shut the water-gate, and cried out as loud as he could. An old woman heard him, who ran thither, and called the Miller, so that the Boy was taken up safe out of the furious waters. The same.  
In the year 1565. the 10. day of March, about seven of the clock in the morning the Treasurer of Rofenbourg, a town situate on the river Sala, going from the town to the Castle, went (as of necessity he was to do) over the bridge, followed by a pretty little boy his son, who gazing on the swiftness of the stream, & going to take away some dirt that stuck on his shoes, slid in such manner in an open slippery place of the bridge, that he fell into the bottom of the river. A fisherman being in a garden not far of, hearing the noise of his fall, ran thither, and with great danger of his life leapt in after the poor child, whom the waves had carried all along the Castle walls. He took hold on a piece of his coat, which tearing, the body fell again into the water, he caught him the second time by one of his feet, & carried him to his mother, that almost dead with fear stayed for him on the bank: within two hours after he came to himlsefe, & two days after that, was as well as ever he was, to the no little joy of all his friends that praised GOD for his miraculous assistance. The same.  
On Easter eve the same year, about evening, a furious inundation of waters rushing on the town of Islebe in Saxony, did especially and as it were with an agreement made between the waters, beat upon the house of an honest Citizen named BARTHOLOMEW VOGT. Incontinently the forepart of the house, and a piece of the Stove fell down, within the Stove was a little child in a Cradle. The Father and Mother astonished with so sudden a visitation, and hearing the noise of the cradle tossed with the waves, got out the child, and carried it to one MICHAEL FEARS a neighbour of theirs. There remained four other children lying in an high chamber of the house. The Father more careful for their lives then his own, entered again into present death, and having past many dangers, got into the Chamber & took up two of those children in his arms. Thereupon the floor sank underneath his feet, so that he fell into the water, which carried him to a great stack of wood, whereon he caught hold, and with much pain stayed himself by it some half an hour, laden with his two sons, and crying out for help. But no body could get to him by reason of the wonderful fury of the raging waters. Seeing himself destitute of all human assistance and as it were despairing of his own life & his children's, he humbly commended both himself and them to the mercy of GOD, calling the Prophet Jonas to mind, that was preserved amidst the seas, and in the belly of a Fish. As he was praying unto the Lord, a great beam, driven along by the waves, carried away one of his sons: another greater then that, coming upon him with great violence, made him let go the stake by the which he had held so long, & whether he would or no carried him with his other son into a garden behind his house. Being there with their heads scarce above water, and remembering his other son, he began to call him: the child answered him from a beam, whereon the father espied him sitting astride. Thither he swum, and setting them both on his shoulders, he got to a great pile of wood, & clammering up on it, there rested himself with his two sons some five hours. The next morning betimes, the waters being fallen, he carried them to Feures Stove, where they began to come to themselves. As for the other two children lying a bed in the high chamber, the goodness of GOD preserved them after a marvelous manner. The Father because he could not go to them by the accustomed stairs, got his neighbour to break open a way through the wall that parted their houses, and entering into the chamber found them in their bed fast a sleep, the divine providence having with his hand held up that part of the chamber, as it were in the air, all the rest of the house being over whelmed and carried away by the waters: assoon as ever he was returned again through the wall with his children, the chamber and the bed fell presently down. Thus were these five children miraculously preserved, contrary to all hope or expectation. The same.   

Children in grateful and perverse.  
A Certain man become rich, seeing his father beg, was somewhat ashamed at it, and took him into his house. One day having an exquisite dish of meat brought to his table, & hearing his father coming into the room, he made it to be locked up: but when his father was gone, having willed it to be brought in again, the servant found the dish full of Snakes: wherewith having acquainted his Master, he would needs go and see what it was. And approaching near unto them, one of the greatest of those Snakes leapt in his face, joining his mouth in such sort to the man's, that he could never eat any meat after but the Snake had his part of it: and he continued in that estate all the rest of his life. MANLIUS in his Collections: PH. LONICER in his Theatre of examples, pag. 283.  
A certain father being old and poor, went and desired his son to relieve him. The son thinking it a great dishonour for him to acknowledge such a Father, made as though he knew him not, and having railed at him, bade him get him away. The poor father with tears in his eyes departed: but his back was scarce turned, when the ingrateful son fell mad, and died in that miserable estate. MANLIUS in his Collections. PH. LONICER in his Theatre, pag. 283.  
The year 1550. in the capital City of the Duchy of Prussia, called Conisprug, a Lock-smith being a very lewd fellow, killed his father and mother with an Iron Pestle, in hope to have their money. Presently whereupon he went to a shoemakers shop, and bought him a new pair of shoes, leaving his old behind him, which the shoemakers son threw under a bench. Two or three hours after, the father's shop having been opened by the commandment of the Magistrate, who had understood that the neighbours had heard some great stir in it, they found the two old folks murdered, wherewith the Son seemed to be so exceeding grieved, that no man ever mistrusted him to be the author of so execrable a deed. Now it fortuned that the shoemaker looking for some what else under his bench, found the old shoes which the young smith had left behind him all be sprinkled with blood. And it was also noted by others that the wretch had his purse better lined than it was wont to be, which being reported to the Magistrate, he was straightway aapprehended. Whereupon without any torture he confessed the fact, and was executed as he deserved. They say that the pestle which was set up over the judgement place doth continually shake yet. PH. LONICER in his Theatre, page. 284. Upon the report of one of the greatest Divynes of our time.  
The year 1560▪ a wicked wretch in the Town of Basill poisoned his own Father, being a wealthy man and of an honest conversation. Which being afterwards discovered and proved against him, he was first of all laid stark naked on a bare plank, & so drawn through the chiefest streets of the town, than he had his flesh plucked away in four principal places of his body with hot burning pincers, lastly he had his bones broken, and was left so a live on a cart wheel, where having languished in grievous torments the space of nine hours, with great acknowledgement and detestation of his damnable fact, he gave up the ghost. GASPAR HEDIO in the 4. part of his Chronicles.  
On Sattarday the last saving one of September 1565. it happened that JOHN GVY the Son of EME GVY, an Haberdasher of hats and caps in the Town of Chastillon upon Loire, being a very lewd & unruly youth, stayed forth according to his custom, and came not home till it was very late in the night. Whereat his Father being much offended, told him that if he continued in those fashions, he should be constrained to turn him out of doors. Whereunto the Son answered very saucily, that it should not need, for he would go of himself, and that forthwith if he might have his clothes. Thereupon the Father went to his Chamber, and being a bed was fain to threaten his Son for to make him hold his peace, he was so lusty with his tongue. At length, seeing he, but lost his labour, and not able any longer to endure his proud and saucy answers he rose in an anger out of his bed for to go and Chastise the arrogancy and disobedience of this unruly youth: who seeing his Father coming to beat him, caught a sword which hung in his Chamber and rebelling against his Father ran him quite through the body. Wherewithal he fell presently down, crying out he was slain. The neighbours slighted with his cry came running in, and found the poor Father, lying all along on the floor ready to give up the Ghost, as within a little while after he did: and his Son standing by him with the sword all bloody in his hands: who notwithstanding that his Father moved with compassion and forgetting his unnatural cruelty towards him had willed him to save himself, and that his Mother had also persuaded him thereunto, yet had not the power to stir a foot. So that apprehended and examined, at first he excused himself; saying that his Father ran upon the sword himself. But his excuses found frivolous, he was condemned to have his right hand cut of, then to have his flesh plucked away in four places of his body with burning pincers, and finally to be hanged by the feet on a gibbet, and there strangled with a stone of a hundredth and twenty pounds' weight which should be tied about his neck. All which (having confessed his fault) he patiently endured, calling upon GOD for mercy even to the very last gasp. In the History of our time.  
A friend of mine a man of a great spirit and worthy of credit, being one night at Naples with a kinsman of his, heard the voice of a man crying out for help in the street. Whereat he arose, lighted a candle, and ran out to see what it was, and coming into the street he saw an horrible phantom of a dreadful and furious aspect, which would have carried away a young youth, that cried out and struggled with him aswell as he could: but seeing him coming, he ran suddenly unto him, and caught him fast about the middle, and after his fear was somewhat past, he began to call upon GOD, whereat the phantom vanished presently away. My friend carried this young man to his lodging, and after he had comforted him, he would have sent him home: but he could not get him to go by any means, for the youth was so frighted that he shaked every joint of him through the apprehension of so hideous an encounter. At last being somewhat come to himself, he confessed that till than he had lead a very wicked life, that he had been a contemner of GOD, and disobedient to his Father and Mother, whom he had so intolerably misused that they had cursed him. Whereupon he went forth of doors and was presently encountered by that fiend. ALEXANDER of Alexandria, in the 4. book of his genial days. Chap. 19  
A young man borne at Gabies, not far from Rome, being of a wild and unruly nature, and very lewdly given, having abused his Father divers and sundry ways, got him in a rage out of doors, and went towards Rome, intending to plot some new villainy there against his said Father. Upon the way he met the Devil, in the likeness of a desperate ruffian, with long hair, and ragged apparel, who coming to him, demanded the cause of his discontent. The young man answered that he had been at some words with his Father, and determined to be meet with him some way or other. Whereunto the Devil replied that such an inconvenient had befallen him, and therefore desired him they might keep company together, for to devise some means to be revenged of the wrongs they had sustained. Night approaching they went into an Inn, and lay together in one bed. But the wicked fiend, when the young man was a sleep caught him by the throat, and had strangled him, if he had not awaked and called to GOD for help. Whereupon the Devil vanished away, and in his departure so shaked the Chamber, that both the roof and walls cracked in sunder. Whereat this young man was greeviously terrified with such a sudden spectacle, and almost dead with fear, repented him of his wicked life, and guided from thence forward by a better spirit, became an enemy to vice, past the rest of his life far from the rumours of people, and served for a good example to his neighbours. In the same book and Chapter.   

Children brought up among Wolves.  
GOD repented that he had made man, saith MOSES, Gen. 6. And Philosophers Books are full of complaints touching the malice of man's heart. PLATO in the 7. Book of his laws, saith, That a child is the wildest beast, the unruliest and hardest to be tamed of all other: and that it cannot be too nearly looked unto. ARISTOTLE also in the first Books of his politics confirms the same. Lions, Bears, and other savage beasts are untractable: but yet not so much as children left to themselves, and destitute of good direction. It is reported, that a child of a village in the Landgraviat of Hesse, was lost through the recklessness of his Father and Mother, who sought him a long time after, but could not find him. This Village was full of Trees and Gardens, hard by a forests side wherein were a great number of Wolves. Certain years after, there was perceived among the Wolves which came into the Gardens to seek their prey, a creature not altogether like a Wolf, nor nothing so nimble as they: which seen many and sundry times with great marvel, by the Country-folkes, and thinking it was a beast of some other kind, they went and reported it to the Governor of the place, who therewith acquainted the Landgrave. He having commanded that it should be hunted, and by some way or other taken alive: the Countrymen used such means that they caught it, and lead it to the Landgraves' Court, going on four feet like a beast, and of a grim and terrible look. Being in the Prince's hall, it went and hid it under a bench, where it began to howl and cry like a Wolf. But some lineaments (though disfigured) of a human face being discovered in it, the Prince commanded it to be brought up among men: until such time as it might be more exactly known what it was. Those which had it in charge so diligently employed themselves that the creature began to grow tame, to stand upright, and to go like other men, finally to speak distinctly: and then (as far forth as ever his memory would permit him) he declared that he had lived in a Cave among Wolves, which used him very gently, and always gave him the better part of their prey. M. DRESSERUS, in his book of new and ancient discipline.  
divers French Gentlemen can testify that they have seen a man, which was taken in the forest of Compiegne, and brought to the late King, CHARLES' the 9 Who went upon four feet like a beast, and ran swifter than any horse. He could not stand upright, had a very hard skin, was hairy almost all over, and in stead of speech used a fearful cry accompanied with so hideous a look and countenance, that there is no beast so ill-favoured to see-to as that poor creature was, which had lived amongst the ravenous Wolves, and learned of them to howl. Moreover with his teeth he strangled Dogs, & dealt no better with men whensoever he met them. I could never know what become of him afterward. EXTRACTED out of the Memorials of our time.  
Touching the first History extracted out of DRESSERUS, I know not whither it be the same, which is presented by the D. PHILIP CAMERARIUS in his excellent Historical meditations, Chap. 75.  
The repetition being but short will not be offensive, I hope. It is a marvelous thing (saith he) if true, which is read in the additions to the History of LAMBERT of SCHAFNABOURG▪ as followeth. The year 1544. a Child was taken in the Country of Hesse, who (as he himself hath since declared and was so verified) being but three years old was carried away & brought up by Wolves. When they got any prey, they always brought the better part of it to the Child which fed upon it. In winter when it was cold, they scraped a hole, which they trimmed with grass and leaves of trees, whereon they laid the Child, and compassing him about, defended him from the injury of the time: afterwards they made him go upon his hands and feet, and run along with them whither soever they went, so that at length and through use he could leap and run aswell as they. Being taken, he was taught by little and little to go only upon his feet. He oftentimes said, that if it had been in his choice, he would rather have lived among Wolves, than men. He was brought to the Court of HENRY LANDGRAVE of Hesse for to be seen. In the same year befell the like case in the farm of Echtzel: for a Child of twelve years old, running amongst the Wolves in the Forest adjoining, was taken in the winter time by certain Gentlemen that hunted the Wolves.   

Children supposed or practised.  
THis Invention hath been found out by some barren women (some drawn thereunto of their own motion, to please their husbands, and to bring an heir into the house under their charge, to the prejudice of the right heir: others (consenting to the Impostures of their own husbands, pretending to advance their estates by such Devilish practices) have stuffed up their bellies with cloth & little cushions, but in such sort as they swelling should grow by degrees, counterfeiting themselves to be distasted, wayward, melancholy and heavy: and at the end of 9 months to suppose some Child, brought secretly from the house of some poor neighbour, or for want of one, from the hospital. Sometimes bought for money, or supposed by the husband, having had it of some Concubine. This is not all, for as some that have been barren have used the means of such suppositions: so others have made use of it, when as they had a great desire to have a Son, for the greater contentment of their husbands, they see that GOD had sent them a Daughter.  
It is well known that about fifty years since, a Lady of Dauphin seeing herself in disgrace with her husband, for that she had brought him none but Daughters, forged such a trick to give him satisfaction; she corrupted a woman of base condition in the beginning of this woman's conception, and drew a promise from her to give her her Child presently upon her delivery. After which practice, the Lady having counterfeited all the signs of a woman with Child, in the end to play the last and chief part, as soon as ever she herd that the poor woman was in labour, and that she was delivered of a Son, she goes to her bed, feigning to be in the same pain, expecting the little Boy that was promised her. The which was done and brought her so secretly by certain Midwives, as it was received of the husband, as issued from his wives womb: and so generally reputed. Wherein I will not ommit a notable example of the almighty GOD'S just judgement: for this Lady, who could not be induced by nature to bear any love, nor to give any countenance in the house to this Child (although that by means of the said supposition, he had been left heir by him who thought himself to be his Father) disdaining him daily more and more, in the end she forced him to bandy himself against her, and to have recourse unto justice, challenging his rights as Son and heir, and offering to force her to an account, This which did so incense the said Lady, as she conspired his death: at the least it was supposed that the murder committed upon him, was by her soliciting. Book first of the conference of ancient wonders with modern.   

A Child of Stone.  
A Woman of the Town of Sens in Bourgondie, called COLOMBE CHATRY, married to LEWIS charity a Tailor, having lived long with him without any children, in the end she conceived: and during the time of her being great, she had all the accidents of a woman with child. But the time of lying in being come, all the endeavours of poor COLOMBE, and the help of Midwives were in vain, so as her fruit died, and she lay three whole years languishing in her bed. In the end being somewhat eased, she lived in pain 25. years more, carrying this dead fruit in her body, whereof in the end she died, having carried it 28. whole years in her belly. Her Husband caused her to be opened, and the child was found converted into a hard stone, then drawn out of her womb, and kept for a great marvel, as many have seen it well fashioned, as if some excellent workman had cut it in this Cave, having the members whole and proportionable, like unto a child of nine months old, being opened, they found the heart, the liver, the brain, and other parts, very hard, but not like unto the exterior parts. It is a female: the body is not subject to rottenness, nor to rust, no more than one of the hardest stones, which the best Statuaries can work in. Master JOHN d' ALIBOUX, and SIMON of Prowancheres, learned Physicians of our time, which have seen this Child of Stone, and have had this wonder in their hands, have written the History at large, and published an ample discourse thereon.  
I will add here unto an other memorable History, written by Master JOHN SCHENCK of Grasenberg, a Physician at Fribourg in Brisgart, from whom I have drawn a great part of the reports of the wonderful accidents of man's body; mentioned in his Collection of the Histories of our times. CLAUDE of Saint MAURICE, a famous Physician and professor at Dole, did write unto Monsieur QVENZ, Senator and the chief Physician at Fribourg, that the 25. day of january 1595. causing a woman that was dead to be opened, of the age of 37. years, they found her womb to be of stone, weighing seven pounds, the Liver with one only grisly lump, the substance of which was round, the bladder of stone, the skin that covers the bowels so hard, as the surgeons Razor could hardly enter it. These things (said he) did amaze us much, how the spirits were carried throughout all the body: and how it was possible for this woman to live so long without some apparent disease. I caused this womb of Stone to be opened, hoping to find some fruit of the same sort, like to that of the women of Sens in Bourgongne, but I found that it was only stone within, as without.   

Of the Caesarien delivery or Section.  
THE Caesarien delivery is an extraction artificially made of the child by the mother's side, who could not otherwise be delivered but by a sufficient incision, as well of that which is on the belly, or exterior part of the belly, as of the matrical body: without prejudicing notwith▪ standing, the life of the one or the other (so as there happens no other accident) or hindering the Mother from bearing of more Children. The which is to be understood of the Child that is alive yet in the Mother's womb. Under this also is comprehended an other like extraction of a Child dead in the Mother's womb, when as by some other help of the Midwife, Physician or Chiru●…gion, that is more easy, more safe, and more common, there is no means to have it, and that else they find the Mother must die with it: as it doth daily happen in women of all sorts, after that they have been miserably broken.  
It is not long that I sufficiently discovered (by the report of certain ancient grave men of Milly in Gastenois) that it is true, whereof they make no doubt in that place, that the wife of one named GODART, remaining then at Mesnill a Parish of Milly, had some certain years before had six Children, after this manner, that is to say: The Child having been drawn by an incision made in the Mother's side, and never otherwise, the Children still living. The workman was NICHOLAS GVILLET a Barber at Milly, after whose death, for want of her accustomed help, this woman died, not being by any means able to be delivered as she was in times past. A probable Argument that it was a deep Physome, or a natural straightness, capable to receive the Instruments of generation or procreation, but not to deliver forth the Child. FRANCIS ROUSSET in his Treaty of the Caesarian delivery.  
I have understood for certain by Master AMEROS le NOIR, a very expert Surgeon of Pithuiers, and by giles le BRUN, that they together had at divers times drawn by the side three living Children from a poor woman near to Merenuille in Beausse, and meaning to lead me to her, to see the place of the Incision, I understood that she was dead a little before of the plague, which was then very violent in that Country, I have a learned Epistle of monsieur ALIBOUS Physician of Sens, setting down orderly and at large, how that JOHN de MARAIS, a Chirurgeon at La Chastre in Berry, son to LEWIS de MARAIS, ordinary Chirurgeon to the Arch▪ bishop of Sens, drew from his own wives side, a Son called SIMON de MARAIS, afterwards Chirurgeon and Groom of the Chamber to the Queen Mother. After the which she was brought in bed again well and orderly of a Daughter called RENEE. Of that SIMON (whom they surnamed without a Mother) and of ROSE GALLARDEL, came CLAUDE married to Master FRANCIS ARTUS of Yssondun: & FRANCIS married to OLIVER GARINER: both sufficient witnesses of their father's birth, as well by the common report, as by their fathers often telling▪ The same Author.  
Monsieur PELION a famous Physician at Angers, having heretofore reported to Master LAURENCE COLLOT a Chirurgeon of Paris, a like work in Anjou, hath since confirmed it by a Letter which he gave me, testifying that it was done by MATHURIN DEBONAIR Chirurgeon.  
Master DENIS ARMENANT a Physician at Gien, and myself have seen a little before the troubles, in the Hospital of Chastillon upon Loire, a woman being sick of a continual fever, having a great swelling on the left side of her belly, and therein a long Cicatrise, with apparent signs of needless points, remaining of the opening of the said parts that were sowed up, by the which both herself and her husband did witness that a while before there had been a Son drawn, the which was some seven years before we speak unto them, and could not be borne otherwise. This was done in Bourgundy by an old Barber of the same Village, very expert as they said in such operations. The woman did not conceive nor bear any child after that time, although they were both young. The same Author.  
BERNARDE ARNOUT the Wife of STEPHEN MASICAULE of Nangeville, betwixt Estampes, Puiseaux and Pithuires, after an extreme and fruitless labour of four days, sending her husband unto me, despairing in a manner of all help, she had the heart (against the will of her said husband) to have her body by my advice opened, yea, she did so hasten it, after that she had heard my resolution, as she would not stay for Master AMBROS LE NOIR above mentioned, whom I promised to send her, as a Man experienced in such operations, for that I could not be there present, being then very sick: but she employed the first she could find which was JOHN LUCAS, a young Barber, remaining then at Bunou, a little Village thereby who performed this work (which was new to him) very artificially, in the presence of many: some of them with himself, are yet living to witness this act. This was on Easter-day 1556. The Incision began on the right side of the belly, a finger lower than the Navel, and above four fingers distant from it, and so descending directly unto the privy parts, without touching the Muscles on the right side, from the which it was distant above, about three fingers, and beneath somewhat less.  
The incision being made without much bleeding, the womb appeared plainly, the which he also cut somewhat largely, that the wound might be sufficient to draw forth the child (being yet alive) with his skin that wrapped him in the womb more easily. Then he stitcth it up after the usual manner of wounds, not the Matrix, but the Muscles and the skin over the bowels with five stitches, as I did well observe, going thither to visit her presently after my recovery. The which I have oftentimes noted in her since, to cure a rupture which she hath had ever since, either for that it was not well stitcth up, or for that she did rise so soon. And you must note, that this Barber was ignorant both of the Muscles and skin that covereth the bowels. Proceeding in this action as if he had lanced an Impostume, or cut out some piece of flesh with a sharp knife, as Maist. MAURICE CORD doth observe in his Commentary upon Hipocrates, treating of women's diseases, lib. 1. text 11. About a year and a half after, her husband being dead, and she married again to PETER CHANCLOV, she conceived, and was delivered of a daughter naturally, living now at Nangeville, where there are yet many witnesses of this strange Spectacle. The same Author.  
At Vri in Bier, near unto Fontainbleau, two leagues from Nemours. COLLETTE BERANGER, wife to SI●…ON 〈◊〉 GUARD, passing the 10. month after her conception, and carrying her fruit long in her body dead, the lower parts never opening to deliver it forth, in the end she sent for VINCENT VALLEAVA Surgeon of Nemours, who having no other apparent means to help her, in the end of january he cut her, in the year 1542. not on the right side, but on the left, a little higher than the woman of Nangeville, first cutting the Abdomen or outward part of the belly, and then the Matrix, from whence he drew the dead child, swelled and stinking, with the skin that wrapped him already rotten. Then without sowing the Matrix, by chance or catelesly, he gave five stitches in the skin, and some small part of the Muscles, as it appeared plainly long after, having nothing but a very skin cicatrized upon her belly. Her lying in was but a month and a half. Two years after the which time she had a daughter naturally, and two years after that a son called PETER DE LA GARDE, afterwards a Smith by his profession. She became afterwards a Midwife at Vri serving other women and receiving their children. The same.  
AGNES BOYER, wife to JOHN COMPAN a labourer at Villereau near unto Neufuille in Because, after she had been for the space of four days broken with the importunity of Midwives, and nothing eased, she was opened on the right side, by PHILIP MIGNEAV a Barber of Neufuille, in the year 1544, and then the Muscles and the skin were grossly stitched up, as he could. Of which incision she was soon cured: but the contusions which the Midwives made in the privy parts, troubled the Surgeon above seven months to cure them; she had also a fair Daughter, which lived healthfully above seven months: but on the eight she fell sick being at nurse in the same Village, whereof she died. A while after she grew great and big again, carrying the child hanging always towards the rupture which remained as in others but without any pain. But she could not be delivered no more than before, for one of the above named causes, as it is to be presumed. And therefore she did voluntarily desire to have an incision made as before, the which she could not obtain (by any entreaty) of two young Surgeons sent thither expressly from Neuffuille, whereas they kept, after PHILIP, who died of the plague: which was the cause that both she and her fruit died pitifully together through their faintness, if the weakness of the Woman or some other pitiful accident, did not stay them from doing it. The same.  
In the year 1576, the 22, of july at Ambedoye near to S. Brisson, in the territory of Gien, ANTO INETTE ANDRE, Wife to LEWIS GARNIER a Handi-crafts man, was also opened by Master ADAM AUBRY borne at Pithuiers, a Surgeon remaining at Aubigny, who made the report unto me. Afterwards having conceived again, she was naturally delivered of an other live child. The same.  
And of latter days in the year 1578. the first of February, JOAN MICHAEL, borne at Argent, Wife to GEORGE RENAULD, living in the suburbs of Aubigny, having been big with child above ten months, she carried her fruit along time dead, not leaving notwithstanding to follow her business, till in the end she was forced to betake herself to her bed, where after she had been long tormented in vain by Midwives, in the end she sent for the above named ADAM AUBRY and for WILLIAM colas a learned Surgeon, who having cut of the child's arm being all black and dead, which came forth long before by the Mother's nature, but not able to take hold of the rest of the body, they made an incision on the right side, something bending and with a small Orifice, to spare the mother, which caused her to feel great pains in the extraction of the child, for that the Matrix could not deliver the child for the straightness of the overture, which pains notwithstanding ceased presently when as the child and that which follows were delivered. So after the ordinary discharges of a woman in childbed (which came as well as if she had been naturally brought in bed) within a while after she did rise, and had her terms accustomed at the end of five weeks: and presently after she conceived again in the end of May, being somewhat troubled with the fresh remembrance of that was past, taking care what might happen of her being now with child; at which time she was delivered naturally. And although the child did at the first present but one of the legs, (which was a bad beginning) yet the same being put back by the Midwife, all succeeded happily. Since which time being with child again, she had a happy delivery, and was afterwards very healthful. The same.  
About the year 1582. JOHN JAOOT a Surgeon dwelling in a Village near to Auxerre, called Tirovaille meeting with Master JOHN ALIBOUX a Physician of Sens going to practise, desired him to turn a little out of his way, to a near village called Marry, to ease a poor woman, from whom some few hours before he had drawn a child by section of the Belly, ALIBOUX amazed at the boldness of this Surgeon, called the Seigneor of Vaux Bailiff of Auxerre and his wife to visit this woman lying in Childbed, their Castle being near the Village; they found the child in the cradle crying and calling for meat, but the poor Mother (being oppressed with pain, a Fever and with watching) neither thought of herself nor of her little one. The Physician lays open the woman, sees the section grossly sowed up with ten or twelve stitches: and provided so well for the mother and child, as both lived long after. Extract out of Maist. d' AL●…EOVX letter written the 20. of December. 1585.,  
About the year 1550. ELIZABETH ALESPACHIN wife to JAMES NUFER, a Surgeon remaining in a Village called Sigers in Suisserland, being great of her first child, at the time of her delivery being priest with extreme pains she called many Midwives and Surgeons to help her, but all was in vain. The husband seeing his wife in that extremity, tells her his mind in her care. She alloweth it, he goes to the Bailiff of Frauvenfele, acquaints him with the estate of his family, and his resolution to ease his wife, and craves leave to execute what he had determined. In the end the Bailiff knowing his Industry, and the love he bore unto his Wife, grants his request. He returns speedily to his house, speaks to the Midwives, exhorteth the most courageous to assist him, and entreats the most fearful to depart, lest they should faint and trouble the company: for that he did undertake a thing which indeed was dangerous, but he hoped for a happy issue, with the favourable assistance of Almighty God. These women amazed at his resolution, went out all except two which remained with the Surgeons to assist the Patient. Her Husband having first called upon GOD with an earnest prayer, and shut the Stove carefully he takes his Wife and lays her upon a Table, and with a sharp Razor makes an Incision in her belly, so happily, as presently the Child was taken forth, without hurt to the Mother or to the little one. The Midwives which did hearken at the door, hearing the Child cry did knock to enter but they forced them to stay, until the little one was cleansed and dressed, and the wound stitched up, the which was closed in few days, without any fever or any troublesome accident to the mother, who afterwards had two Sons at a burden, one of the which was called JOHN NUFUR, he lived in the year 1583. threescore years old, Provost of Sigers-Hausem. She was brought in bed afterwards of four other Children. As for the Son which was cut out of her belly he lived unto the year 1577. They do yet at this day in those Quarters see the children of this Woman unto the third and fourth generation. GASPAR. BAV●…IN a learned Physician at Basill, in his histories of the Caesarian delivery.  
I did think to find in other histories which I have among my papers, that which I promised you of a Caesarian delivery, but it is among my other remembrances at my house in France, I will cause it to be brought to Montbelliard, where I now am, to send it unto you. I remember the Name of the place and of the Surgeon, and the year and month when it happened: but I have forgotten the names both of the Father and Mother. The Village is in the duchy of Bourgundy, called Marsillie, near unto Mont S. john. The Surgeon, ANTONY ROBIN, borne at Beaune and living at Renele Duke, a man very expert in his profession. It was in April in the year of our Lord GOD 1582. The Woman being young and strong, had been in sore travel two whole days together, and yet did courageously endure an incision, the which succeeded happily. The Child lived not long. The mother recovered, and continued long after, The same.   

Seditious Commotions, caused by Exactions.  
IN the year 1548. the Commons of Guyenne, Santonge, and Angoulemois fell into a rebellion by reason of the extortions of the Customers and Farmers of Salt; In a few weeks they grew to the number of forty thousand men, armed with clubs and staves, joining with the Islanders. By a general consent they ran upon the Customers and Farmers of salt (although the King of Navarre sought to appease them) executing their design with extreme fury against all that they could take: The Commons of Gascoigne rise in divers places (the killing of certain Officers of the Kings that had abused their places being the cause.) The Mayor, Iurates and others that bare office in Bourdeaux, and the Lord of Monneins (in place of the King's Lieutenant there) instead of remedying these tumults at the beginning temporised to much, especially the L. of Monneins, for that he gave way to the insolence of one of the chief of these Rebels called La VERGNE, who grew so bold that shortly after he raised all the common people by the Tocsaine, (or alarm bell) Being shut up in the Castle of Ha, now & then he sent forth certain Harquebusiers to make the people afraid. But this devise took not effect for such issue did so heat the Citizens that having found la VERGNE, ESTONNAC, MAQVANAN and others (men according to their desire) they presently to arms, the Customers or Exactors being they they sought for, under which colour (pretending they sought for the Exactors) many honourable houses were spoiled: upon this the Commons being received into the Town they rung the Alarm Bell, no man daring to be seen but armed and in company of some of these rebels, for otherwise they killed all they met. The Counsellors of the Court of Parliament were constrained to leave their Gowns, and betake them to their Doublet and hose, and Capt after the fashion of Mariners to carry a pike and march amongst the rude multitude. They constrained the Lords of Saulx brethren, the one Captain of the Town the other of the Castle called Trumpet to be chief and assist at the spoil of certain of their fellow Citizens & friends houses, massacring them before their faces. The townhouse furnished with an innumerable quantity of arms was spoiled. MONEINS' Lieutenant for the King very unadvisedly left his fort to come and make an oration to this enraged multitude, where he was by them slain, and the Carmelites in danger to have their house spoiled for that they had buried him in their Church: shortly after these spoilers being charged began to retire and the Parliament began to take courage executing some of the principal of this commotion and amongst the rest La VERGNE who was drawn in pieces by four horses. The King advertised of this disorder writ to the Commons assuring them with speed he would provide for their grievance. Commanding them to cease their arms, by means whereof every one retired. L' ESTONNAC was happily chased out of the Castle called Trumpet: During this, FRANCIS of Lorraine Earl of Aumale followed by four thousand Swisses and the force of the French horse entered into Saintonges pacifying it without resistance or punishment. ANNE of Mommoran●…ie heigh Constable of France with all the forces of both armies joined together in one, entered by an unaccustommed way into Bourdeaux, and being possessed of all without blow strooken, took from the Citizens (by virtue of his commission) all there tittles, records and documents of their rights and privileges: deprived them of all their honours, burned all their privileges, caused the Court Parliament to cease, disarmed all the Inhabitants, took down their Bells, deprived them of all their Immunities and Freedoms, constraining the principals of the Town to the number of a hundred and forty, to go seek the Body of the Lord of Monneins at the Carmelites, and to remove it with mourning to Saint Andrew's, where it is Interred, having first with a wax Candle lighted in their hands asked mercy of almighty GOD, the King and justice, before the lodging of the Constable: L'ESTONNAC, the two Brothers of SAULX, and others had their heads cut off; The marshals Provost with a strong troop ran through the Country of Burdelois, BAZADOIS and AGENOIS, executing them that had caused the alarm Bell to be rung. In the end the two Colonels of the commons called TAILEMAIGNE and GALAFFRE were taken, who were broken upon the wheel, being first crowned with a Crown of burning Iron, as a punishment of the sovereignty they had usurped: Certain months after Bordeaux was established in her former estate, and after the levying some sums of money the exactions that were cause of these troubles were abolished. History and Annals of France under HENRY the second.  
divers remarkable commotions happened with in this hundred years in divers parts of the world you shall read (GOD willing) in the following volumes; for this time we present you with the precedent History as an essay of the rest.   

Prodigious spirits.  
IT is not long since there died one CONSTANTIA who counterfeited most sorts of voices, sometimes he would sing like an Nightingale who could not chant division better than he, sometime brey like an Ass, sometimes grumble and bark like three or four Dogs fight together, counterfecting him that being bitten by the other went crying away; with a Comb in his mouth he would counterfeit the winding of a Cornet; all these things he did so excellent well as neither the Ass, nor the Dogs, nor the Man that wound the Cornet had any advantage of him: I have seen and spoken with such a one oftentimes at my own house, but above all that which is most admirable is, that he would speak sometimes with a voice, as it were enclosed in his stomach without opening his lips or very little at all, in such manner as if he were near you and called, you would have thought the voice had come from a far, and so as divers of my friends have been often deceived by him. Master PASQVIER in the fifth book of his Recherches of France.  
There is also there recited two other examples of prodigious Spirits which I will add to the other: The first is of one MOULINET an ancient French Poet, who reports that he hath seen a man that sung both the note and ditty of a song very readily at one time. The other is of a young man that came to Paris in the year 1445. Not above twenty years old who knew (these are the words of a Notary of that time.) all the seven liberal Arts, by the Testimony of all the learned Clerks of the University of Paris, and could play on all kind of Instruments, sing and set better than any other; exceeding all in Paris and there about in painting and limming, a very expert Soldier, playing with a two hand sword so wonderfully as none might compare with him, for when he perceived his enemy coming he would leap twenty or four and twenty feet upon him. He was also a Master in Arts, a Doctor in Physic, a Doctor of the Civil and Cannon Law, a Doctor in Divinity: And for certain he hath disputed with us of the College of Navarre, being fifty in number of the best Scholars in Paris, and with more than three thousand other Scholars, to all which questions asked him he hath answered so boldly, as it is a wonder for them that have not seen him to believe it. He spoke Latin, Greek, Hebrew, Caldey, Arabic, and many other tongues. He was a Knight at arms; and verily if it were possible for a man to live an hundredth years, without eating, drinking, or sleeping, and continually studying, yet should he not attain to that knowledge that he had done, certainly it was a great astonishment to us, for he knew more than in humane reason might be comprehended. He understood the four Doctors of the Church, and to conclude, not to be parareld in the world for wisdom. Behold then this prodigious spirit with some others that we have seen in our Time, amongst whom was JOHN PICUS, and JOHN FRANCIS PICUS his Nephew, Princes of Mirandola. JULIUS CAESAR SCALIGER, and others for the most part dead, & some other yet living, whom I will forbear to name.   

Sparkles of Fire.  
IT hath happened in my time to a Carmelite Friar, that always, and as oft as he put back his hood, one might see certain sparkles of fire come from the hair of his head, which continued in him for the space of thirteen years together.  
Madam of Caumont if she combed her hair in the dark, seemed to cast forth certain sparkles of fire from her head: SCALIGER in his excersitations against CARDAN.  
It happened upon a time to a certain Preacher in Spain, that from the crown of his head, down to his shoulders, one might see a flame of fire issue, which was held for a great miracle. HERMOLAUS BAREARUS, in the fourth Book of his Physics. Chap. 5.   

Fantastics.  
THere are some Nations, that when they are eating, they cover themselves. I know a Lady (yea one of the greatest) who is of opinion, that to chew is an unseemly thing, which much impaireth their grace and beauty, and therefore by her will she never comes abroad with an appetite. And a man that cannot endure one should see him eat, and shuneth all company, more when he filleth then when he emptieth. In the Turkish Empire there are many, who to excel the rest, will not be seen when they are a feeding, and who make but one meal in a week; who mangle their faces, and cut their limbs: and who never speak to any body; who think to honour their nature, by disnaturing themselves. O fanatical people! that prize themselves by their contempt, & mend by their impairing; what monstrous beast is this that makes himself a horror to himself? whom his delights displease, who ties himself unto misfortune. MONTAIGNE in his third book of Essays. Chap. 5.  
I cannot keep any Register of my actions; Fortune hath set them so low: I keep them in my fantasy: I have seen a Gentleman, that did not communicate his life but by the operation of his belly. One might see by him at his rising a roe of close stools, to serve for seven or eight days. The same MONTAIGNE.   

Women that have become Men.  
IN a place called Esquirie, nine leagues from Coymbra in Portugal, dwelled a Knight, the Father of a Damsel called MARY PACHECO, who being come to the age that Maidens are accustomed to have their Flowers, instead of them issued a virile member, which had lain hidden within until then, so as of a woman she became a man, went apparelled like a man, changing name aswell as Sex, and was called EMANVEL PACHECO. This new man went into the East Indies, and returned very rich with the reputation of a brave Cavaliero, marrying afterwards a Noble Dame.  
That which I have read in HYPOCRATES in his sixth Book of the popular diseases of PITHULIA the wife of PYTHEUS, (and in PLYNIE 7. Book. 4. Chap.) hath emboldened me to set before you a History that I would never tell any body of, thinking it had been a tale made for pleasure. A friend of mine (of good authority, and worthy of belief) hath told me, that in a certain place of Spain, a young woman being married to a poor labourer, entered into some difference with him, either through jealousy, or some other cause. This division grew so hot, that the wife finding one night the clothes of a young man that lay there, appareled herself in them, and away she went to get her living as a man. In this case, whether it were the powerful working of Nature in her, or the burning and excessive imagination, she had to see herself so well and orderly fitted like a man, was the cause of this effect, but she became a man and married another wife, keeping it secret, until it chanced that a certain man that before had known her, coming to the place where she was, and comparing the resemblance of this man with the woman he had known before: He said unto her; Am not I your brother? Then this woman made man, putting her trust in him, discovered unto him what had happened, praying him to keep it secret.  
JOVIANUS PONTANUS writes of a woman of Gaiette in the kingdom of Naples, who after that she had lived forty years married to a poor Fisherman, was changed into a man, who because he was mocked with it, entered into a Monastery of Monks (where he reports to have known him) and dying, he was buried at Rome, in the Church of our Lady called Minerva: He adds moreover, that another called AEMELY, having been married to one called ANTHONY SPENSE for the space of 12 years, was in the end changed into a man, & married a wife, having first by the commandment of FERDINAND King of Scicilia, restored her dowry. In our time there hath been one seen at Brussels in Brabant called PETER, that before was called ELIZABETH, for that before she had been a woman. The French forces passing at Vitry, I saw a man, whom the Bishop of Soysons at confirmation called GERMAN, whom all the Inhabitants had known to have been a woman for 22. years space, & was called MARY; making (saith he) some extraordinary leap, the virile members came forth: & there is yet a Song in use among the Maidens of that place, that warneth them that they make no extraordinary leaps, lest they become boys, as MARY GERMAN did: MONTAIGNE in the first book of his Essays.   

Bodily strength.  
THere hath been in our time, in the kingdom of Galitia one called, the Marshal PETER PARDO of Ribabadineira, who was at deadly enmity with a certain Bishop, the reason could not be known, yet at the mediation of certain friends, who sought to take up the matter, and make them friends, he consented to an interview: As they drew near together, this Marshal feigning that he had forgot all that was past, and that he would be friends with the Bishop hereafter, ran to embrace him: But it was a deadly embrace to the Bishop, for it was so rude locking him so fast in his arms, as he bruised his sides, crushed his Heart and Entrails, so as he left him dead in the place: I have seen a man in the Town of Ast, who in the presence of the Marquis of P●…scara handed a Pillar of Marble three foot long, and one foot in Diameter, the which he cast high into the air, than received it again in his arms, than lashed it up again, sometime after one fashion, some time after another, as easily as if he had been playing with a Ball, or some such little thing. He brought from the Shambles certain Ox feet newly cut off, set a Knife upon one of them, and with a blow of his fist cut it a cross in two pecces: he took another Oxe-foote, and broke it against his forehead, as if it had been against a piece of Marble, without hurting himself at all. In my presence he took another, and with his fist broke it into diverse small pieces. There was at Mantoa one named RODAMAS, a man of a little stature, but so strong, as he wreathed and broke with his hands a Horse-shoe, and a Cable as big as a man's arm, as easily as if they had been small twine threads: mounted upon a great horse, and leading another by the bridle, he would run a full Carire, and stop in midst of his course, or when it liked him best. SIMON MAIOLUS an Italian Bishop, in his Canicular days. Col. 4.  
In the year 1582. in the months of May and june, at a solemn feast of the circumcision of MAHUMETT, the son of AMURATH Emperor of the Turks, was seen amongst many other active men, one among the rest most memorable: a lusty man, and wonderful strong, worthy to be compared with that most famous MILO of Crotonne, who for proof of his prodigious strength, lifted up a piece of wood that twelve men had much a do to raise from the earth, which he took and put upon his shoulders, where he carried it without any help of his hands: and afterwards lying down flat, his shoulder and his thigh tied together, he bore upon his breast a great & weighty stone, that ten men had rolled thither, making but a jest of it. And which is a thing yet more wonderful, four men stood leaping with long pieces of wood upon his belly: Besides this he broke with his teeth and hands a Horse-shoe, with such force, that one part remained between his teeth, and the rest in two pieces, in either hand one. At the third blow with his fist, he broke a Ploughshare: he licked the Ploughshare with his tongue, being taken red hot out of the fire: he was covered with a great pile of stones, but he never stirred one jot, but remained firm and inviolable, as if he had been planted there. The same man, with his teeth only, saddled, bridled, and harnessed a Horse, with many other wonders, which got him much money, and praise of all, by reason of his extraordinary force. GEORGE LEBELSKI a Polander, in his Description of things done at Constantinople, at the Circumsition of the Son of AMURATH, 1582.  
Amongst the Germans of our time, there are two recorded for strength: GEORGE Baron of Fronsberg, and JOHN Baron of Schuartzbourg: they easily broke horsshooes with their hands: Fronsperg never found man so strong, but he would remove him out of his place with the little finger of his right hand, he would stay a Horse (how strong so ever) in his swiftest course with one hand. And would remove with his shoulder a Cannon whether he list: Schuartzbourg would wreathe Horseshoes, as if he had been some pliable substance. POTOCOVA, Captain of the Casiques of Poland (beheaded by the commandment of the late King STERVEN) would break Horseshoes, as easily as a man would tear a piece of Paper.  
GEORGE le FEURE (a learned German) writes, that in his time, in the year 1529. lived at Misnia in Thuringe, one called NICHOLAS KLUNHER, Provost of the great Church, that was so strong, as without Cable or Pully, or any other help, he fetched up out of a Cellar a Pipe of Wine, carried it out of doors, and laid it upon a Cart. A Chanoin of the same Church called ERNEST, of the house of the Earls of Mansfelt, a strong and tall man, would needs one day wrestle with him: NICOLAS took him up and lifted him into the air, and afterwards cast him against a door, with such force, that he broke it, notwithstanding that it was fast locked.  
King CHARLES' the ninth taking pleasure in exercises of the body, being at Blois, caused a Breton (a man of little stature, but well set) to be sent for to the Court, to wrestle body to body against all comers, many both great and small tried their strength with him, but he foiled them all, casting one over his head, another into the air, with his heels upwards, some a if they had been Feathers, others like little stones he cast into the air, and so against the ground, it being unpossible for any to cast him to the ground: Sometimes he would lie flat upon the ground, but who soever came near him, was forced to make one leap or other, to the great contentment of the beholders. To conclude, another brave wrestler, would needs buckle with him, but in the end the Breton having his adversary upon his knee, first lift him up into the air, and afterwards locked him so fast in his arms, as he crushed him sore: and to end his conquest, he cast him with such violence against the earth, as he was lifted up, and carried half dead to his lodging, whereof he died shortly after. In the Histories of our Times.   

Thunder and Lightning.  
IN the year 1562, being in Champatgne, and passing by a little Village called Villeneufe, not far off from Sens the archbishopric: certain Gentlemen and honourable personages, told me a strange chance that happened to two young Priests by Thunder, who in Harvest time coming from singing of mass for a rich man dead, after dinner retiring themselves, were encountered with a torment of the air accompanied with thunder and strange lightning. These two young men, recovering a little wood sat them down together under the Trees: But they were killed by thunder, where the next day after diligent search for them, their kinsfolks found them. They thought at first they had but slept, but it proved a perpetual sleep: stripping and searching them they could find neither hurt nor mark on their bodies but either of their hats a little singed and in the midst their was a spot of the bigness of a Carolus which is about the breadth of a groat: Their poor bodies stunk so wonderfully that none could endure about them. M. D. BEAULIEV in his treatise of thunder and lightning.  
About the year 1536. upon a Sunday in summer was kept an excessive and dissolute marriage in a village half a days journey from Poitiers the which hath but one straight and long street. In this day and place about noon happened a strange and fearful thunder, a Globe of fire of the greatness of a bowl fell in one of the corners of the Town, and ran along the street without hurting any body, to Saint George's Church, where it being entered it made a strange spoil taking away the Tombs of the dead, ran to the great Altar and spoiled a fair Image of our Lady holding her little Child in her arms, besides it tore away the pavement in divers places of this Church, and broke a chain of iron that held up the Crucifix, cast it down & broke one arm of it; and afterwards grazing along the walls on the left hand, without hurting them that were tolling the bells, (more than for fear to run away) it mounted up into the Steeple (a very fair building) the which it burned in such sort that all the Bells both great and small were melted, the metal falling upon the pavement of the Church. The same.  
Travaling through Italy not far from Eugubio, I saw thunder light upon two peasants, riding upon Asses, killing both men and beasts upon the place: they had a third man in their company who had the bones of one of his arms so broken, as one could not see whether their were any bone at all, this blow, caused such pitiful griefs in this poor man and did so torment him as he desired not to live.  
I have seen two men, (the Father and the Son) have their bodies so amazed and deadened with thunder, that I thought verily they had been fallen into an Apoplexy: They remained seven days together without eating, drinking, speaking or moving: In the end I caused them to be let blood, giving them sharp glisters, rubbing and nourishing their bodies, so as in short time they recovered their former healths. Certain months before the death of HIPPOLITO of Este, Cardinal of Ferrara thunder fell upon his Palace and entered into my Chamber, light upon one of my servants sword hanging at the bedde-side melted the point of it making a little bullet of it, and neither broke nor hurt the sheath: MURETUS in his Annotations upon the 31. Chap. of the 2. book, of Senecas natural questions.  
About the year 1560. near to Benevida a Town of Spain, as two men walked together in the open fields, a strange tempest arose, to the great astonishment of them both, they seeking by flight to get some covert, and perceiving the tempest to increase cast themselves flat to the ground; where they felt the tempest ready to lift them from the ground. In the end one of them perceiving the noise to cease, lifted himself up, the whirlwind having much amazed him, those which perceived him coming, & the other lying still, went towards him, but him they found dead having his bones so broken, as one might have writhed his arms & legs like a glove, all his Body seeming nothing but flesh: likewise his tongue was taken away and could not be found, notwithstanding that they made diligent search for it: Their were divers judgements upon this accident, one said he was an ordinary swearer and blasphemer of the holy name of GOD, and therefore was particularly chastised in that part that had most dishonoured his creator: By such afore named whirlwind a Town of Spain called Algadefie was wholly ruined, the houses and buildings being laid flat with the ground. The five and twenty of May 1566. about three a clock in the afternoon, a clap fell upon the Castle of Misnia, burned a floor of a Chamber, melted kettles and Pans spoiling all the Chambers, entering and going out at the windows, than down into the cellars to the great amazement of all, but hurt not any person: Three years after, the nineteeneth of julie the thunder having roared from eight a clock in the morning till four in the afternoon the boult about one a clock light upon the College Church of the townhouse. Much cattle, and some men were found dead in the ficildes: amongst other memorable accidents, the lightning ceized upon a Country fellow, who burned all his Body over three days after, and then died.  
The Mother of JEROME FRACASTORIUS, an excellent Philosopher, admirable Poet and happy Physician of our time, having him in her arms giving him suck was struck with a thunderclap and killed without any touch or hurt to the little Child: which was a presage of the glory that this excellent parsonage (who lived long after and then died of an Apoplexy) should be crowned with.   

Horrible fury.  
IN the memory of our Ancestors a Carpentar of Wilsmarse (a famous town in Saxony) sometimes possessed with a Frenzy, traveling one day with some of his own condition, with out saying a word took his hatchet and went towards his house, where being entered he clove in two two of his Children, his Wife (being great with child) hearing the noise ran to save the third, which he left falling upon his Wife and cut her and the fruit she bore in pieces. And so being covered with blood he returned to his companions & being asked how he came so, he came to his senses. And then remembering what he had done, he went again to his house snatched a knife and gave himself a blow on the breast, and fell down dead upon the ground. CRANTZIUS in his 10. book of Vandalia.   

Of Giants.  
IN the year 1511. the Emperor M●…XIMILIAN 1. being at Aus●…ourg, at an Assembly of the States, they presented a man unto him, of an unreasonable height & greatness, who at a few month-fulls and without any stay did eat a whole Sheep or a Calf, not caring whether it were roast or raw: saying that it did but sharpen his appetite. SURIUS in his Commentary of the memorable things of our time.  
JOACHIM the 2. of that name Elector of Brandebourg, had a peasant in his Court called Little MICHAEL by ANTIPHRASIS, for he was eight foot high, which is a great stature of a man in our time, but little and small in comparison of great men in old time, namely of Goliath and others about judea. MATHEW HORST in his collection of the combat betwixt DAVID and GOLIATH.  
I have seen a young maiden of a Giantlike stature, whom they did carry from Town to Town, to show her as a prodigious thing for the sight of whom every man gave some thing, wherewith her Mother that conducted her and she were entertained. She was in a hired Chamber by herself, and there suffered herself to be seen with admiration. Going as others did, I inquired carefully of every point, and did learn both from herself and her Mother (who was a woman of a mean stature) that the maiden's Father was not tall, that in all their stock, there was not any one that exceeded the height of other people: that her Daughter until she was twelve years old was very little, but falling at the same time into a quarten ague, which had held her some months, coming to leave her, she began then to grow, all her members being proportionable to that height: so as when I did see her she was about five and twenty years old, neither could I note from the head unto the sole of the foot any disproportion in any of her members: but a fit measure in every one of them. At this age of 25. years, she had not yet had her monthly Terms: nature seeming to have required and restrained this excremental blood, for the norrishment and preservation of so great a body. She was healtful, ill faced, black, simple and gross writted, and heavy of all her Body, for the vital virtue infused at the beginning into this body, according unto the measure due to the greatness of an ordinary person, dispersed afterwards into so great a Mass, could not with equal power show the efficacy of his work, as in a mean body: and experience doth show that virtue restrained shows itself more vigorous than when it is two much dispersed, for the regard of natural causes of this extraordinary greatness, by the means of the quarten ague; we will leave the decision unto Physicians, and will not dispute with them: but in a word, if a person that is about the age of twelve or twenty years comes to grow through a sickness, so as in proportion of Body she comes to be twice as heigh as any other, we must confess that this force of nature is extraordinary and admirable.  
We have drawn this History out of MARCELLUS DONATUS a learned Physician. Lib. 3. Chap. 14. Whereas he treats amply of the causes of the Giantlike height, as his profession did require.  
After the victory which King LEWIS the twelfth obtained at the Battle of Lode, being gone to Milan, I found a young man in the hospital, so great as he could not stand right up, having not sufficient norrishment of nature, for the thickness of his Body, and the proportion of his forces. He was therefore laid upon two beds, the one joined long ways unto the other, the which he did fill with his length.  
The Samogitiens which inhabit betwixt Prusia and Livonia, are very tall, and yet sometimes they engender Children which (come to age) are of a very small stature, and sometimes others which grow wonderful great. SCALIGER in the 63. exercitation against CARDAN.  
There was in our time in Bourdelois, a man of an unmeasurable height and greatness, by reason whereof he was called the Giant of Bourdeaux. King FRANCIS amazed to see so long a body, commanded he should be one of his Guard. He was a peasant of a gross spirit, so as not able to apply himself to a Courtier's life, after some days, he gave over his Halberd, and returned to his Village. An honourable person who had seen him Archer of the Guard, did assure me, that he was of such a height, as any other man of an ordinary stature might go right up betwixt his legs, when he did stride. I. CHASSAGNON in his Treatise of Giants. Chap. 6.  
In the year 1571 there was a Giant seen at Paris, whom every man did run to see. He kept himself very close in an Inn, and no man could have the sight of him, but in paying to see him. Entering into the Chamber where he was kept, they did see with admiration, a man of a strange height, sitting in a Chair: but their wondering increased when as they did see him rising from his Chair, for than he touched the plancher of the Chamber with his head, the which was very high, after the manner of the French floors. They said he was a Polonian or a Transiluanian. This Giant had a Wife of a wonderful large body, and very fat withal, but very low in comparison of him: of whom they had a young Son borne, who was in show to prove one day almost as tall as his Father. At the West-Indies (descovered some hundred years since) many Giants have been seen, as they witness that have written their Histories. near unto the Antarctic Pole, there are some found, of ten or twelve foot of height: as also in the Island of Sumatra (or Taprobane) which is toward the East-Indies. The same Author.  
MELCHIOR NUNEZ in his letters where he discourseth of the affairs of CHINA, reports that in the chief City called Paguin, the Porters are fiveteene foot heigh. In other letters written in the year 1555. he doth aver that the King of CHINA, entertains and feeds five hundred such men for Archers of his guard. SIMON MAIOLUS in his Canicular days, Col. 2.  
LODOVICUS VIVES a learned Spaniard, in his Annotations upon the 15. book of S. AUGUSTIN de Civitate DEI. Chap. 9 Saith that he had seen in the great Temple at Valencia, a man's eye-tooth bigger than his fist. JOSEPH ACOSTA in his History of the Indies, saith that he had seen one bigger, and the rest answerable unto it. But for that it is to be presumed, that such teeth were of Men that had been dead many ages before, we will not insist any more upon them. In our time we have seen among the Archers of the deceased King of Navarre, a Biarnois of so tall a stature, as he did equal his Master being mounted upon a great horse, so as he did exceed the tallest men in all the Country by the head & the shoulders. He was a goodly man, active and pleasant. And contrariwise there was seen at Paris, one called the great Smithe, a man of an ill fashion, but exceeding tall, in comparison of many of mean stature.  
ANTONY PIGAFET a great traveler in his time, affirms that he had seen towards the Antarctic pole, so tall a giant, as other tall men did not reach with their heads above his navel: and others beyond the strait of Magellan, which had their necks a cubit long, and the rest of their bodies answerable.   

An extraordinary Cure.  
A Certain Italian having had a quarrel with another, fell so grievously sick, as they did not hope for life of him. His enemy hearing thereof, came to his lodging, and inquires of his servant, where his master was. The servant answered him, he is at the point of death, and will not escape this day. The other grumbling to himself, replied, he shall die by my hands: whereupon he enters into the sick man's chamber, gives him certain stabs with his dagger, and then flies. They bind up this poor sick man's wounds, who by the means of so great a loss of blood, recovered his health. So he recovered his health and life by his means who sought his death. R. SOLENANDER, lib. 5. of his Counsels. 15. Cons. 9 sect.  
He makes mention in the same place of a woman which did commonly purge herself of her terms, by the nose, for thirteen months together: during the which, being let blood in the Saphena vain, and purged, she was cured. And of a man who in the space of twenty and four hours, voided at the mouth twenty and six pounds of blood, congealed, and very black, and was cured by diet, rest, and glisters, without any inward medicines. A peasant falling into a burning fever, was carried to the hospital, and being carefully tended, fell into extremity. The Physician being a learned man, said unto him, what wilt thou have my friend? how didst thou govern thyself here to-fore? I was not accust●…med answered the sick man, to eat and drink as I do now here; I knew not what syrups, drugs nor Physic meant, I cannot sleep upon feathers. It is almost twenty years since I did lie in a bed: my feeding is Onions, hard Cheese, and such like delicates, my bed was upon Straw at the sign of the Star, and covered with my clothes, that is to say, lying in them. The Physician suffered him to lie one night upon the Straw, and gave him Onions, Salt, and cold water: holding it good to please him in this extremity. But the next day he found his sick man half cured, warming himself against the fire. We have observed (saith the same SOLINANDER) some sick men, who having ease in their torments, have chewed and swallowed the receipts written by their Physicians, and have been cared by that means. A certain man having the Dropsy, and little looked unto, by the benefit of nature, had an overture in his body under the pap, betwixt the Peritoyne and the Muscles of the belly, by the which we drew above 200. bladders like unto Hen's Eggs, the which were soft and full of stinking water. In the 15. Council of the 5. book.   

A man lame of the Gout preserved.  
IN the year 1589. WILLIAM de MICHES an ancient man, being crooked and lame of the Gout, had a desire to go and visit an abbey of Monks, above Lions, called L' Isle Barb, where there was company that day. In the morning he takes a boat, with his Daughter, his son in law, and some neighbours. Having visited the abbey, done his devotion, and made good cheer, he and his company embark again. The woman that guided the Boat, having drunk more wine than water, when they should pass under the bridge of Sarne, instead of governing her boat under the Arch (the which was great and large) she ran against a pile, so as the Boat was overwhelmed, and all within it drowned, except the poor man that was lame of the Gout, who not able to stir, was carried by the stream unto the shore, where he was taken up and carried to his house, and after lived some years. Memoires of Lion.   

A Man before Age.  
I Have known a man in Spain, who after some years, became a Friar of the order of Saint FRANCIS, and remained in the Covent of our Lady of Val, then in that of Soto, and afterwards in the City zamore, he is so little of stature, as without wronging him, one may call him Dwarf: though otherwise he be of a good fashion, and hath a well proportioned body. Every man knows it, and many Monks of his order have assured me for certain, that he was borne in a Village called Saint Tiso, and that coming into the world he had all his Teeth, which he had at the age of five and twenty years, and hath had ever since without changing them, or any falling out, and he sucked a very little while. Coming out of his Mother's womb, he had his privy parts as hairy, as a man that is come to his perfect age, at seven years old: his chin was covered with a beard, and at ten years he begot a son: having at that age all the natural and vital faculties, as perfect as a man at thirty years, TORQVEMADO in the first journey of his Hexameron.  
I have seen in a town in Italy, called Prato, about two leagues and a half from Florence, a child new borne, which had the face covered with thick hair, half a foot long, very white, soft and fine as flax: being two months old, this beard fell off, as if the face had pield by some disease. The same.  
A certain man went throughout all Spain, showing a son of his for money. The child being ten or eleven years old, had so much hair of his face (which was long, thick, and curled) as they could not see any thing but his eyes and mouth. The same.  
A young boy being but nine years old, got a nurse with child. So saith JOHN FOXIUS. L. DANEUS. lib. 2. of his moral Philosophy Chap. 14.   

A horrible jealousy.  
ABout the year 1517. a young Citizen of Modena, very rich and not married, called FRANCIS TOTTE, abandoning himself to the pleasures of the world, began to frequent the house of a Gentlewoman that was married, who was named CALORE, she kept open house, through her husband's sufferance, for dancing, playing at cards & dise, & other entertainments for all comers, from whom she still drew some commodity, being of herself alluring, and stately in apparel, stuff, feasts and all that belongs thereto. This young Modenois, who had good means, began to frequent this entry to hell, and within a while was so drunk with the enticing baits of this Courtesan, as he did not cease to pursue her in that sort, as from that time they concluded a mutual and cordial love betwixt them. They lived in this estate about three years, that the Modenois did enjoy, and was enjoyed of this CALORE, to whom he gave his person and his goods, more freely than he would have done to a lawful wife. She did handle him cunningly, but one day as she played at Chess with a certain gentleman, it chanced that smiling, she took this gamester by the hand, and gripped it, like unto a woman of her trade. FRANCISCO grows jealous at this countenance, and from that time seemed discontented. CALORE a licentious woman, and not accustomed to be restrained, began to contest and to brave him. In the end, disdain grows through words, so as she having told him that she cared not for his humours, nor choler: this wretched man did shut himself into a chamber, where having made some notes containing a disposition of his goods, and that he would not have any one accused for his death, but himself, he did put them in his shoes, in such sort as they must presently see them: then with his girdle and his garters he made a kind of halter, and leaping from a great coffer, he strangled himself presently. It was in the very house of CALORE, who afterwards lived more retired. At that time FRANCIS GVICHARDINE, an excellent Historian of our age, was Governor of Modena for the Pope. The History of Italy.  
About the year 1528. there chanced at Rimini a town in Romagna, a notable History. A certain young gentlewoman, married to an old gentleman, forgetting her honour, did prostitute herself villainously to a young gentleman of the place, called PANDOLPHO, continuing their infamous course by the means of a chambermaid that was their bawd, for the space of two years. There was in the chamber of this wretched woman, a great coffer, where she did put some part of her jewels and money, in the which her adulterer did hide himself, if at any time he were in danger to be surprised, and could not escape. This coffer had a vent for air in a secret place, so as PANDOLFO continued sometimes long there. It happened at the end of this time, that GOD'S divine justice began to call this Adulteress to an account, by a grievous and incurable sickness, who finding herself abandoned of the Physicians, was yet more in regard of her soul. Her husband coming about midnight unlooked for, PANDOLFO casts himself into the coffer, shutting it easily of himself. Then this woman transported with some horrible spirit, began (after some speech) to make an humble request unto her husband, making him to promise with an oath, that he should not refuse her. Which was, that he should put into her tomb in the cave, near unto her coffin, that coffer which she showed him, without looking himself, or suffering any one to look into it, having certain stuff in it, which she would not have any one to use after her. The which request the husband did grant her. Miserable PANDOLFO understood these terrible words, which made him to curse his own wickedness a thousand times, and his adulteress withal, who within two hours after died, without repentance or confession of her wicked sins, being desirous to draw him with her unto death, that had been the companion of her wicked life.  
After her death, as they gave order for her Interment, some servants and kinsfolks would have him leave this coffer in the house, or at the least, that they should open and visit it. But the husband holding the solemn promise made by him, hindered the opening thereof, and caused it to be carried out shut, the which after the Obsequies were made, was let down with the coffin into the Cave, and a great tomb-stone laid upon it without mortar, for that it was now night, and that they meant to finish all the next day. Miserable PANDOLFO, hearing them sing in Saint Cataldes Church, made his account then to die in the coffer, and in tumbling up and down, he felt certain bags full of jewels, but having no mind of gold nor silver, he disposed himself to other thoughts, when as GOD would give him new respite, to have a better care of his conscience and life than he had formerly had.  
A young man of the house who knew that the deceased had good stuff in the Coffer, and being covetous of such a booty found means to enter about ten or eleven a clock at night into Saint Cataldes Temple, whereas the Cave and Sepulchre of the deceased was. With the help of two of his companions, he lifts up the stone and begins to get open the Coffer, pretending to carry away a good prey. PANDOLFO (taking a sudden resolution in so strange an accident) doth rise, and gets out of the coffer, with such a noise, as the rest thinking it had been some Devil, fled away speedily. PANDOLFO being come to himself, lights a Torch, and visiting the coffer, loads himself with jewels, and money which he found there: and going out of the Church, passed by the Covent gardens unto his own house. I leave it to the Reader to judge, if he had not reason to think of GOD'S help, and to amend his life. Hist of Italy.   

Impiety punished.  
IN the year 1505. a certain Curate of one of the Parishes of Misnia in Thuring, looking one day over the bridge of Elbe (which is a large and a deep river) how the boats did pass: no man touching him, nor his brain any way altered, but by a secret judgement of GOD, he fell of the bridge into the water, and was presently drowned. He was accustomed (whensoever they did present any women Children unto him to be baptised, after that he had administered Baptism unto them, in contempt of the feminine sex, & without any regard to the dignity of Christian souls) to say, that they should not carry them back unto the house, but cast them into the river. GEORGE le FEURE. Lib. 3. of his Annals of Misnia.  
A Printer of Transiluania, having been so miserable as to presume to print Books & execrable pictures, made by certain Heretics, enemies of the holy trinity, died desperate and made. JOSIAS SIMLER in the preface of his Books touching the eternal Son of God. The new Arriens Samosateniens and Tritheites of our Time, as MICHAEL SERVET, VALENTIN GENTIL and their disciples in Poland, Transiluania and there abouts, have all perished miserably, first in regard of their souls, and most of them in regard of their bodies. SERVET was burnt alive, and would never acknowledge JESUS CHRIST to be the Son of the eternal GOD: VALENTIN was beheaded, the rest died mad and desperate, either slain by their own hands, or executed by justice, without abjuration or detestation of their detestable Impieties, the which we must bury with the names of their Authors.  
About the year 1550. a certain Companion, who had long made profession to mock at all religion, and at devout persons, entered into a Church where there was a Sermon then made by the Minister of the place. This wretch doing contrary to all those that were there present, began to gromble, and to show by divers countenances that he was a profane man: to whom the Pastor (being attentive to his preaching) spoke not a word, but only sigthed, praying unto GOD, that this mocker might be suppressed: who seeing that the Preacher did not contest against him, but contemned his unworthy behaviour, he goes out of the Church, but presently a tile fell from the house upon his head, and slew him upon the place. This happened in Denmark, as I do assure. N. HEMMING, a learned Divine in his exposition upon the 1. Chap. of Saint JOHN'S Gospel.  
CHRISTOPHER TURC a Councillor of State to a great Nobleman in Germany, going one day to horse, and mocking at an excellent Prince who was then prisoner in his enemy's hands, began to say, what is became of those gallants which song so much one with an other. When any one doth wrong us, GOD is our succour and defence. But he had scarce ended his words, when as a sudden gree●…e took him, so as he was forced to alight from his horse and to be carried to bed, where in steed of singing, he died in despair, drawing forth his tongue as black as a coal, and hanging out of his mouth, the ninth of june 1547. At the same time certain other skorners, preparing themselves for a great feast, when as they should have trembled under the mighty hand of GOD, who did strike all Germany: being assembled in troop, they were scattered and dispersed with strange thunder and lightning, so as they were forced to be quiet. MARTIN LIDIUS a learned Divine in his book entitled Celebratio Dextrae Excelsae etc.   

Imagination.  
FERNELIUS, a very learned Physician of our time, derides their opinion that say, there are three distinct ventricles in the brain: one for the Imagination an other for the understanding, and the third for the memory: and he thinks that these common functions of the spirit, namely the Imaginative, the Indicative and the memorative are confused in it, each of them working their operations by turns accordingly, as each of us doth bend the powers of his spirit either to the imagination, judgement or memory. In few words he meant to say that our spirit laboureth no where else but there whereas our heart is fixed. I will speak of it as a blind man doth of colours: but if you permit me to comment this great parsonage: believe that if his opinion be not good, yet is it assisted with three great pretexts: for if there be three separated ventricles in the brain there ought to be as many distinct Cells in the imaginative, as there be divers effects. We have seen one TULENUS full of learning and knowledge, who failed in no part of his imagination, but only in two points: that is to say in the love of a great Princess, which was deceased long before, and in the opinion that he was Bishop of Cambray. In all other things full of Doctrine and sound judgement. But as soon as he fell into one of these two points, you should have seen him range quite beside himself. In such sort that he was persuaded the first Gentlewoman he met withal was she for whom he had endured so much. And before him, under the reign of the great K. FRANCIS, we had one VILLEMANOCHE, who never erred in any function of his understanding, but when he entered into the hopes of his marriage: thinking there was no Princess how great soever, but was in love with him. E. PASQVIER in the 6. book. des Recherches de la France, Chap. 8. A jew returning home by night out of the Country fell a sleep on the Ass that carried him. The beast that knew the way went over a broad deep ditch upon a very narrow bridge. The next day this jew thoroughly imagining the danger he had past, and by the force of his imagination, representing it to his eyes, was strucken with such horror that he died of it. L. VIVES in the 3. book of the soul, speaking of the fear, proceeding from too excessive an imagination. An Apothecary, servant to my late Father, told me how he had known a merchant of Tholouse a long time, that was sickly and subject to the stone who had oftentimes need of glisters, and had them diversly ordained by all the Physicians, according to the occurrence of his pain. When they were brought there was nothing omitted of the accusomed form: and many times he felt whether they were not too hot: then was he laid along on his belly, and all other things performed, saving there was no iniection made. The Apothecary being gone after this ceremony, and the patient accommodated as if he had taken the glister, he felt the like effect of it as those that take it indeed. And if the Physician found not the operation sufficient, he gave him two or three more, after the same manner. My witness swore, that to save Charges (for he paid for them aswell as if he had taken them) this merchant's wife having divers times caused them to be made of nothing but of warm water, the effect discovered the deceit, and because they found those unprofitable, they were fain to have recourse again to the former. The Lord of Montaigne in the 1. book of his Essays, Chapter 21.  
Not long ago, a certain woman thinking she had swallowed a pin in her meat, cried and tormented herself, as having an intolerable pain in her throat, where she thought she felt it stick: but because no swelling nor alteration appeared on the outside, a witty fellow judging that it was but fantasy & opinion, taken from some morsel that had pricked her throat in going down, made her vomit, and privily threw a crooked pin into that she vomited. This woman thinking she had cast it up, felt herself presently rid of her pain. The same.  
I knew a gentleman that having feasted a sort of his friends, bragged three or four days after in jesting manner (for it was nothing so) that he had made them eat a cat baked in a pie: whereat a gentlewoman of the company conceived such horror, that thereby falling into a weakness of the stomach and a fever, it was impossible to save her. The same.  
I do not think that ever I have read a more admirable matter in any history then that which is written by that learned parsonage, LEWIS VIVES. Commentary on the 25. Chap. of the 12. book of the City of God.  
The books of Naturalistes (saith he) are full, how things seen in conceiving, have great efficacy in the woman with Child and in her fruit. By reason whereof they command women to have fair images and pourtraytures about their beds.  
There is a town in Fland●…rs, called BOSLEDUC, where every year, as in other places of those Countries, on the day of the dedication of the great Church of their town, they set forth divers plays and pageants, disguising themselves some like Angels, and other some like Devils. One of them inflamed with the regard of a certain young gentlewoman, went leaping and dancing home, where meeting his wife, all disfigured and masked as he was, he threw her down on a pallet, saying he would make a little Devil in her. By this approach the woman conceived: but assoon as she was delivered began to skip and dance like one of these same painted Devils. MARGARET of OSTRICH the Daughter of MAXIMILIAN, & Aunt to CHARLES afterwards Emperor, the fifth of that name recounted this History to JOHN LAMUS Ambassador for FERDINAND King of Romans. M. MARTIN WEINRICH Physician in his Commentary treating of Monsters, Chapter 17.  
AMBROSE PARE, an expert and famous Chirurgeon, reports how a certain woman of Beausse, had a live Frog tied in the palm of her hand, where she held it till such time as it was stif●…ed, and that for to help her of a certain fever. The night following this woman conceived by her husband, and at length was delivered of a Child, which had a face like the muzzle of a Frog. In the same Commentary and Chap.  
A learned Divine declares in a certain Commentary of his upon Genesis, how he had seen a woman, honest, fair & chaste, that was delivered of a Bat. Which happened through one of the neighbours, that having caught a Bat tied a little bell about him, to the end he should fray away others. This woman with Child meeting the Bat conceived such fear, that her fruit received the whole form of it, through a strange and exceeding vehement imagination. He relates also how he had seen a man well strooken in years at Witteberg, who had a face like death: because his mother being with Child of him, was afraid of a death's head, and through her imagination had imprinted the form of it in her Child. The same.  
We have seen a woman in the town of Breslaw in Silesia, that beholding a Child newly borne without an hole in the fundament, not long after was delivered of the like. Likewise a Cuntry-woman with Child, who returning home alone from the City, did eat a snake in steed of an eel, which her husband when he came home was so ill-advised to tell her of, where at she conceived such horror, that suddenly she died of it. There have been many imprisoned for offences, & apprehending the loss of their lives, as in one night of black or yellow which they were (as in the flower of their age) have become all white like old men. It is reported that a certain man being in doubt that one laid wait for his life, although this apprehension was false, yet chancing to meet the party, and the other stabbing him in jest on the stomach with a great turnip, imagined that it was a stab with a poniard, and fell down dead in the place. The like is said of a jester who being condemned only in show to be beeheaded, for putting a great Prince his Master in danger of his life, as things were in a readiness for his execution instead of striking him with the axe, the hang man threw a bowl of cold water on his neck: but coming to unbind him, he found him stark dead, in such sort as if his head had been clean cut off from his shoulders. The same. Not long since one of our Princes whose natural beauty and lively disposition the gout had very much impaired: suffered himself to be so carried away by the report that went of the marvelous operations of a Priest, who with certain words, healed all diseases, that he undertook a long journey for to find him out, & by the power of his apprehension so persuaded his legs for certain hours together, that he drew the service from them, which they had forgot to do him a long time before. There was so much simplicity, & so little art found afterward in the architect of such works, that he was thought unworthy of any punishment. MONTAIGNE in the 3. book of his Essays.  
About 25. years ago, a gentleman in Bassigni having been at a great feast among other honourable company, within 3. weeks after meeting some of the guess, one of them said merrily, how at that feast instead of a quarter of Kid, they had been served with the leg of a Dog very well seasoned and dressed, and that she, aswell as the l●…st, had eaten her part of it. Whether it were true or no I know not, but immediately this Gentlewoman conceived such horror at it, that rising from table she fell into swoonings, continual vomyting, sincopes and so violent a fever, that it was impossible to save her. Extracted out of mine own notes.   

Notable Impostures.  
IN the town of Artigules, part of the diocese of Rieux, and under the jurisdiction of the Parliament of Tholouse, it happened that one MARTIN GVERRE, having been married the space of ten or eleven years to BERTRAND ROSLI, afterward upon what discontent I know not between him and his Father, forsook his house, & went and served under the Emperor CHARES the fifth, and King PHILIP his Son, where he continued some dozen years, till at the taking of the town of Saint Quintin's he lost a leg.  
Now his wife having heard no tidings of him in eight years before, one named ARNOLD TYLLIER some call him ARNOLD of TILL) borne in the Country of FOIX, who as many think was brought up in magic, took upon him to play the person of MARTIN GVERRE, furthered therein, aswell with his long absence, as also that in the lineaments of his face he somewhat resembled him. Presenting himself unto the woman, at the first she would not acknowledge him for her husband: but besides the conformity of body, he discovered so many secrets unto her that had passed between them two, especially in the night after their marriage, yea even to the very apparel he had left behind him in a Chest, at the time of his departure: Things which could not be known but by the right husband: that at length not only she, but the most part of his kinsfolks and friends acknowledged him for MARTIN GVERRE: & in this opinion 4. years passed without any contradiction. At the end whereof a soldier traveling that way told that MARTIN GVERRE had lost a leg. Not long before this woman was entered into some suspicion of her supposed husband: by means whereof she took witness under hand before two Notaries of the soldiers report. Which to say truly, was but only upon hearsay: nevertheless it was the first foundation of this wretched TILLIERS misfortune. For as it is hard for a liar not to vary, so the woman gathered divers speeches from him, that made her to misdoubt him: and indeed solly cited by PETER GVERRE, MARTIN'S Uncle, she not only abandoned him, but sued him extraordinarily before the Seneschal of Rieux, where he was condemned to death by sentence, from the which he appealed to the Parliament of Tholouse, which was infinitely troubled about the strangeness of the case. For on the one side, TILLIER discovered all the particularities from point to point that had passed between him & BERTRAND before his going away, and the talk they had had the first night they lay together. As also how after they had been married some 7. or 8. years going into the Country to one of their kinsfolks wedding, because they lacked room, & that therefore his wife was to lie with another woman, it was devised between them, that when the rest were a sleep, he should come & lie with his wife. likewise how they had had a Child, naming the Priest that baptised it, & the Godfathers that were 〈◊〉 to it at the Font: all with such a resolution and boldness that the woman could not tell what to say: adding the motives of his departure, & the travels he had sustained both in Spain and France. Which perticularities were found afterward to be true, by the report of MARTIN GVERRE himself. That which makes this History more marvelous, was that this supposed husband had never conversed with the other. The presumptions that yet made for him were a double tooth, a nail growing into the flesh on the right hand, certain moles, and a red spot in one eye, even as MARTIN GVERRE had & further in that he somewhat resembled his sisters, who were so besotted, that they avouched him for their brother. On the other side that which made against him was that a soldier having called him ARNOLD by his name, he prayed him in his ear not to call him so but MARTIN GVERRE. Besides the which she brought proof of an Uncle of his, who seeing him in the way of perdition, came lamenting unto him, desiring him not to cast himself utterly away. But these proofs were not sufficient to disannul the former, for to all objections that were made against him, he answered confidently, laying all the cause & plotting of his trouble on PETER GVERRE his Uncle, whom he had threatened a little before, to make him yield an account of the gardianship that he had sometimes had of him. And for to give some colour to his saying, he desired that his wife might be sworn, to see whither she would acknowledge him for her right husband or no: declaring that he would put his life or death upon her oath. Which so amazed her that she would not accept it. These circumstances so moved the judges that they committed the Uncle and the Niepce to several prisons, to the end one should not prompt the other. Thinking the woman was drawn to make this accusation by the Uncle, who was in danger of his person.  
As the judges were in this suspense, it fortuned that the right MARTIN GVERRE came home; where at the first sight all his neighbours knew him, & therewithal being advertised of the prank the other had played him he went directly to Tholousa, where he made petition to be admitted as a party in the cause. Then were the judges more amazed then before: because that ARNOLD with an impudent boldness maintained that this was a Coney-catching knave suborned by his adversaries. In this difference, the judges, for to be assured of the truth, sent for the Uncle out of prison, & set MAR. GVERRE among a great many others appareled in the same apparel as the counterfeit was, to see whither he would know him or no: but presently he went and picked him out from the rest and with great tokens of joy & gladness welcomed him home. The like did BERTRAN, craving pardon for the wrong she had unwittingly done him. Nevertheless her husband not taking her words in good payment, with a frowning countenance began to accuse her. How is it possible (said he) that thou shouldst lend consent to this abuse? for in mine Uncle, & sisters, there may be some excuse. But none in the privity that is between the man & his wife. And in this anger he persevered a long time, notwithstanding any persuasion could be used to the contrary. Which drew the judges to think that it was a very pregnant presumption to approve him for the right husband. But yet that which held them in some doubt, was that they of the court examining MAR. GVERRE, whither ever he had received the Sacrament of Confirmation, he answered that he had, in the town of Pamieres, & named the time, the Bishop, his Godfathers and Godmothers. Whereunto ARNOLD separately made the like answer. Notwithstanding the which at last, by sentence in the month of September 1560. he was declared, attainted & convicted of the matter whereof he was was accused, and therefore condemned to do penance in his shirt with a torch in his hand, first in open Court, & afterward before the door of the chiefest Church in Artiguls, and lastly to be hanged, and then his body to be burned till it were consumed to ashes. This judgement was given at Tholouse in the midst of September, and afterward executed: this wretched man having before he died acknowledged the truth of this history, which was written since and published by M. JOHN CORRAS, a great lawyer, with certain Commentaries for to adorn and beautify it with points of Law. E. PASQVIER in the 5. book, des Recherches de la France, Chap. 19  
The year 1560. M AURIAN TVRNE●…VS, than Greek reader at Paris, Impostor a Comedy of ARISTOPHANES, entitled the Wasps, where mention is made of Euricles a notable engastrinyth he affirmed in one of his public lectures (where my 2. Sons THEODOR the Lawyer and HENRY Doctor of Physic were present) that once in Paris he had seen such another impostor as EURYCLES, who was called PETER the BRABANÇON. This fellow when he listed spoke out of his belly, holding his mouth open, but never wagged his lips: & by such dexterity, or the working of the Devil he connicatched divers folks. He fell in love with a fair young Parisian, whose Father was dead: and not able to induce the Mother to let him have her. As they were in talk together about it, he began to send forth a voice out of his body, as if the deceased husband complained that he was tomented in Purgatory, because his widow did not give her Daughter to Brabanson, who had so often demanded her, & was so honest a man. The woman terrified with such complaints, and having compassion of her husband, consented to this Coney-catches desire, who together with the maid sought also for a certain great sum of money that was left her by her Father's will, as it appeared shortly after. For within half a year after he was married to her, & that he had spent all her portion, he left her with his Mother in law, & ran away to Lions. There he learned that a rich Banker died not long before, who in his life time had had a very bad name by reason of his usury and extortions. Whereupon he went and found out this Bankers only Son and heir, that was walking in a gallery fast by the Churchyard, and told him he was sent unto him, to acquaint him with a matter of great importance which very much concerned him. Therewithal as he was exhorting him, to have more regard to his late Father's credit and soul, then to his death, suddenly was heard a voice counterfeiting the Father, which BRABANÇON sent out of his belly, and in the mean time with a singular dexterity made as though he were wonderfully amazed at it. By this voice the Son was admonished of the estate whereunto the Father was reduced by his wickedness, and with what pain he was tormented in the fire of purgatory, aswell for himself as for his Son whom he had left heir of all his goods gotten with an evil conscience: declaring that he could not be delivered, unless his Son made dew satisfaction, bestowing alms on those that were then in most need of them: which were the Christians prisoners with the Turk: and that therefore he should rely on him that talked with him, who was sent to Constantinople by divers other good folks: and was also very opportunely directed by GOD unto him for the same effect. The Son, who was none of the wisest in the world, although he suspected no deceit, yet not very well digesting this word of furnishing money, answered he would think upon it, and appointed BRABANÇON to meet him again the next day in the same place. In the mean while he was in a marvelous perplexity, mistrusting the place where he had heard the voice, because it was close, & fit for knavery. Wherefore the next day he carried BRABANĈON into an open place, where was neither bush nor any other Covert. Notwithstanding talking together the Son heard the old song with this new addission, that without any delay he should give BRABANĈON 6000. franks & should cause 3. Masses to be sung every day for the salvation of his Father's soul, who otherwise was damned for ever. The Son being conscionable, & astonished, without any more deliberation (il-gotten goods having wings) delivered the Impostor the sum of 200. pound never taking any receipt, or witness of matters how they passed: the father came no more to importune his Son, but remained quiet. As for the Son, after he had bid BRABANĈON adieu (& got him out of Lions with his prey) showing himself some what merrier than he had used to be, & the other Bankers wondering at it, he told them the occasion, whereupon they laughed him to scorn, for that he had so foolishly suffered himself, to be Connicatched, & discovered the imposture unto him: which so struck him to the heart that within a little after he died with grief, & went to his Father for to know the truth of the matter. I. wire in his 2. book of Witches, Chap. 14. In the reign of King CHARLES the 9 a certain fellow, got him to Geneva, naming himself JOHN ALLARD, being but little known, because he lived by the trade of a gardener. Having endured much, by reason of the small profit and great labour of so poor a vocation, he went after a while into Almaigne, finally into Sweathland, where heeused such means that he came to be the King's gardener. By his devices he advanced himself by little & little, so far forth that he cunningly obtained to be agent for the King to the signory of Venice, where remaining, he made a voyage to Milan visited the Duke of Sessa, who commanded there for the King of Spain, & played his part so well, that the Duke lent him sum eight thousand Crowns. Not content with this purchase, he laboured to make another, and returning to Venice, he propounded a certain sale of artillery unto the Lords, and sung so sweet a note, that he drew from them in way of alone the sum of fourteen thousand Crowns. Hereupon he dislodged, for to return (said he unto some of his friends) into Sweathland. And passing by Milan he went to do his duty to the Duke, and paid him his 8000. Crowns. Being at table in his lodging, and his head somewhat intoxicated, he spoke so rudely of the Pope and his Ceremonies, that he was arrested prisoner & from Milan conveyed to Naples. Pope GREGORY the 13. understanding that a prisoner qualifing himself Ambassador for the King of Sweathland, was in the hands of the Inquisition commanded him to be brought from Naples to Rome. Where being arrived he would needs see & hear him, whence sprung at length so great a familiarity between them, that the Pope promised him a certain kinswoman of his to wife. Then he set him at liberty, & appointing him lodging gave him leave to visit his Mistress, who likewise went often to see him: whereupon ensued such privity between them, that her belly began to swell: which was covered with a report of indisposition, that required the Signora should change the air.  
ALLARD foreseeing that he should be called in question for this prank of his, practised in such sort with an Englishman (servant to a certain French Cardinal soiouring for that time at Rome) that by his means he was carried along the river of Tiber, and so escaped away; then he got him with all speed into Provence, where being arrived at the Port of Antibo, he went to the Baron of Alemagne, and there continued a certain time with his Englishman. The Baron dispatched his hands of them, and sent them with two or three servants of their retiniew to the Lords of Dediguieres in Dauphin. He desiring to do some service to the King of Navarre, as also to avoid the charge that ALLARD and his put him to, advertised the King, that beside the quality of Ambassador, ALLARD maintained he had assured means to come by five millions of gold and upward.  
ALLARD being come before the King of Navarre, and having presented him with letters from the Lord of Dediguieres, and confirmed the contents thereof by word of mouth, he was reasonable well accounted of for a time. In the mean while the King of Navarre going to Rochel, and ALLARD in his train, certain ships of Sweath land chanced to arrive in the Haven at Rochel. The Captains, merchants and Masters whereof hearing of ALLARD, with whom they had spoken, told some of their acquaintance that ALLARD was a Coney-catching knave which had seduced the king of Sweathland, & with a companion of his a Gascoigne borne, was cause of the division that happened between the King of Sweathland & his brother: which had set all the realm on an uproar. The impostor perceiving he was discovered got him presently away with his followers to the late King HENRY the 3: & to the Queen mother, unto whom he declared at large what means he had to serve them, by putting them in possession of those five millions of gold before mentioned, and a far greater sum. As also how having been very much urged by the King of Navarre, to show him the place where such great treasures lay, and the means to come by them, because he would not be constrained so to do, he had retired himself as it were even out of the closet of the Court and service of the said King of Navarre. The King and his Mother glad of such news gave good entertainment to ALLARD, whose coming being published in the Court, amongst many others he insinuated himself into the company of Monsieur de CLERVAN, & gave him to understand that he had papers of great importance at Rome, which he could not well come by but by means of the Suissers, who if they would but write unto the Pope about them, he should be sure to have them restored again for their sakes. Wherefore he promised if they would procure him those papers, to give them 60000. collars which the town of Nuremberg ought him with the interest of it for twelves years, after 5. in the hundredth by the year, so that in all it amounted to the sum of 96. thousand Dollars. CLERVAN thereupon went to his Baronny of Coppet, where having taken order for certain private affairs of his own, he road to Berne, some two days journey and an half from thence: there he acquainted divers Lords of that Canton with the whole matter, desiring them that they would take upon them to write unto the Pope for to have those papers again, and draw that profit into their Coffers. They answered it was to be feared lest ALLARD were some Cunnicatcher and that having access unto the Queen Mother, who was greatly favoured of the Pope, that loved not them, he needed not to employ any other but her in the matter. Or if ALLARD desired any other course, that he should repair to the five small Cantons their allies.  
Here-with CLERVAN returned to Coppet which was fast by Geneva, where he talked with a great Merchant called JOHN TERNAULT, about the matter, & requested him to communicate it to Colonel PSIFFER of Lucerne: AMMAN LUCY of Vnderwald, and other Lords of the 5▪ Cantons, being at that instant in those quarters: which was executed, & they hearkened unto it, reserving the conclusion until such time as they bade conferred in person with ALLARD and CLERVAN, who being advertised that these Swisser Lords were come into France (which was about November and December 1582.) they went unto them to Paris, where having made some entry into the matter, it was resolved they should meet at St. james his Hospital to conclude this affair. All was agreed, on condition that ALLARD should forthwith assign over the lords of Nurembergs specialties, touching th●… principal & interest a●…ore said, amounting to the sum of 96000. Dollars, whereof the Lords of the five Cantons should have three fifth parts, amounting to 57600. And CLERVAN & TERNAULT the rest equally divided betwixt them, which was 19200. Dollars to each of them. Besides ALLARD was to furnish 6500. Crowns in ready money, for the voyage to Rome, wherein TERNAULT was to be employed.  
In these agreements PSIFFER a man of ●…ound judgement, stood stiff in his first opinion, that ALLARD was a notorious Impostor. Nevertheless he so oiled his tongue, having the French, Dutch, and Italian naturally, that in a new assembly with these Lords, he declared unto them after a demure and grave manner, as his custom was, that he was about to contract with the King, unto whom he was to lend 2. millions of gold▪ 15. days after the agreement made; that is to say, 160000. crowns in ready money, and 400000 crowns to be raised on the late Lord Constables goods, whose Bill he said he had; & had promised to deliver it unto the King; who was there withal well pleased, as ALLARD affirmed. Only he had stood upon security for so notable a sum of money, & that therefore the Council promised to assure him the Salt▪ pits of Brovage, and the revene w●…thereof▪ where with ALLARD said he was contented, only he feared lest such assurance would be revoked. Wherefore he entreated the Ambassadors of the Canton of Lucern that they would deal in such sort with their Lords, that he might be received into the number of their Burgesses: offering in 〈◊〉 compence of such favour, the sum of 20000. crowns to the signory of Lucern, & to each of those Ambassadors 2500. crowns a piece. Thereupon he posted to Lucerne, took his oath, & returned into France with 12. Swissers for his guard: never furnishing a penny all this while, but l●…lling the world asleep with his golden promises, and plucking round sums of money both from great & small in every place, whereby he maintained himself in his practices. All of them were cozened by him, except the Caronel Ps●…ffer, who being rich, regarded no promises, & laughed at their credulity.  
As affairs passed in this manner, my Lady had intelligence of the speech. ALLARD had used, touching the late L. Constable's Bill: whereupon she wrote that they should take heed of this prattler; affirming her Lord was not so bad an husband, as to be indebted in such a sum to a stranger, who at length would prove to be a Coney-catching k●…aue. There came a Rocheller also that warned divers to beware of ALLARD, which moved TARNAULT to write by a trusty messenger to Monsieur GARGOVILAR, the Mayor of Rochel, who returned answer that ALLARD was a notable deceiver. The Suizter Ambassadors having sworn the league with the King, left TERNAULT in the Court for the expedition of certain affairs they had there: going to take horse, ALLARD accompanied with honourable personages, participants in the business: promised them, that at TERNAULTS departure he would send a couple of men along with him, with the 6500. crowns appointed for the voyage to Rome▪ when TERNAULT was ready to set forth on his journey his men were not: but promised to be at Lions assoon as he: offering notwithstanding to deliver him this sum of 6500. Crowns, if he would stand to the venture, which he refused to doesince ALLARD and his associates were to send after him.  
Not long after the Suitzers departure, the Pope advertised of ALLARDS' being in the Court of France, complained to the King of him, who committed him to prison, where he found a certain Gentleman naming himself the Earl of Sanssy, a man of a quick spirit, and father to three or four sons, whereof one had been brought up with the Elector Palatine, as also to one Daughter, whom during this imprisonment he promised to one DV VAL by ALLARDS' means, that said he was DV VALS Uncle, and promised to give him two hundredth thousand crowns to his marriage. But all this practice remained unperfected, by reason of this which ensueth. Within a while after was enlarged, whereupon he desired TERNAULT by letters to come to him to Paris▪ wherein TERNAULT excused himself, certifying the other, that if he would come into Switzerland, Sau●…y, or to Lausanne, Geper, Morges, & other places adjoining, TERNAULT would meet him.  
Upon these letters, ALLARD set forth, accompanied with two of the Earls sons, and his train, and came into the country of Burg●…ngny, where he intruded himself into the acquaintance of a gentleman of the country, whom with great promises he carried along with him to Morges, and there lodged at the sign of the white Crosse. From thence he sent to Geneva for TERNAULT, who being arrived, ALLARD would have induced him to have lent him a thousand crowns; adding that he desired that TERNAULT would take the pains to go into Sweathland, to receive eighteen hundred thousand dollars for him, and he should have an hundred thousand of them for his labour. And further, he promised a very great gift to an honest gentleman, brother in law to the said TERNAULT, who refusing to meddle in the matter, all contracts were broken off, except it were touching three thousand crowns, which ALLARD was to pay him out of hand: but they are yet to pay.  
This promiser renewed another practice with the bay life of Lausanne and Morges, who conducted him to Berne, where he contracted with certain Lords, unto whom (among other things) he promised to deliver an Obligation of the sum of five hundred thousand crowns to him due by EMANVEL PHILIBERT Duke of Savoy, which Obligation he said he had left at Paris. Departing from Berne with promise to be honoured and recompensed, he drew towards Neuf-chastel. In the mean time his impostures were discovered on every hand. It was known that the Duke of Savoyes' Obligation, was of the same nature as the Constable's Bill, and that all the negotiation with the Ambassadors of the small Cantons was but mere knavery on ALLARDS' part. Therefore order was given that he should be attached at Neufchastel: where fearing it would not be long ere he should have terrible articles framed against him, and gathering by some questions which had been asked him, that part of his impostures were discovered, his train being vanished away even in an instant, he resolved with himself to invent all the ways possibly he could to escape. But meeting with no certain mean, one night going to let himself down at an high window of the prison, where he was enclosed, that which held him chancing to break, his fall was so high, that he dashed himself all to pieces, so giving an end to his life and impostures both at once.  
The Burguignian gentleman whom he had carried with him to Morges, was laid up in prison and compelled to sell his land for to satisfy the Host of the white cross for ALLARDS' expenses whilst he lay there. Infinite were the tricks wherewith this M. GARDYNER cunnicatched all sorts of persons wheresoever he came. It shall suffice for a conclusion, to note the knavish prank he played the Host of the Stork at Basil, where he had lain a long time, and was deeply run in arrereages. When he was going away, in stead of paying, he borrowed a new sum of money of this honest Swisser, and for a pawn left him a Portmanteau made fast with three locks and strong chains, affirming it was full of gold, jewels of exceeding value, and papers of great importance, promising if it were well kept till his return, to give his said Host thirty thousand Dollars besides his due. The news of his death coming to Bafil, the poor Host in a marvelous piteous taking, went with the leave of the Magistrate, and got this Portmanteau to be opened, which was found full of nothing but bricks and stones finely packed up together. I had this Discourse from Monsieur TERNAULT, in whose hands I have seen divers contracts, acts and writings, approving some part of the History of this notable Impostor.   

Imprecations profane and blasphemous speeches.  
WHen we would obtain any thing that we greatly desire, we care not what we promise, and many in this case happen to make imprecations, either against themselves, or others, the fruit whereof, they oftentimes reap to their own destruction. We have a notable example of it in CHARLES Duke of Bourbon; who as it is recited by BELLAY in his 8. Book, and FR. GVICHARD IN in his 17. Book of the wars of Italy, labouring to draw some money from the Milanese for to pay his soldiers: and because he could not get so great a sum as he required, by reason of the exceeding charge the City was at during the war; he promised them, that if they would but furnish him with so much money for that once, he would never do them the least extortion in the world again, if he did, he prared GOD that at the first skirmish or assault he were in, he might be shot through & killed. Or as GVICHARDIN saith, If the City of Milan would furnish him with thirty thousand Ducats for a months pay, that the army should depart out of Milan, and lodge some other where: assuring them that though at other times they had been deceived with the like promises, they should not be so then, because he would never go against his word and faith, on which they might safely rely: adding, that he prayed GOD, if he broke his promise with them, his head might be taken from his shoulders with the first shot of the enemy's artillery. Upon this promise the Milanese strained themselves, and paid him the sum. But they were so oppressed afterward, that many through despair hung themselves, others threw themselves down headlong from the tops of their houses, and broke their own necks. Shortly whereupon, the Duke of Bourbon marched forth with his army, and drew towards Rome for to surprise it, but he was slain with an Harguebuse shot in the assault, which many (saith BELLAY) attribute to the divine vengeance, because he kept not the promise which he made with such an imprecation to the Milanese. His death ●…ell on the 6. of May 1527.  
To this purpose I will add another History, though it be ancient, reported by ALBERT CRANT in his 6. Book of the affairs of Saxony, Chap. 45. where he writes that the Emperor FREDERICK the first, being in Saint PETER'S Monastery at Erford, the floor whereon he went, suddenly sank under him, and if he had not caught hold on an Iron bar of a window, he had fallen into the jakes of the Monastery: wherein certain Gentlemen fell and were drowned, amongst the which was HENRY Earl of Schuartzbourg, who carried the presage of his death in an usual imprecation, If I do this or that: I would (said he) I might be drowned in the jakes.  
But omitting other ancient Histories, it being no part of our purpose to touch them in these collections, but reserving them for some other hand and work. I will present the examples of our time, concerning imprecations and despiteful speeches either against GOD or our neighbours. A Soldier traveling through the Marquisate of Brandebourg, feeling himself not well, stayed in an Inn, & gave his 〈◊〉 his money to keep. Not long after, being recovered, he asked it again of the woman, who had agreed before with her husband to detain it. Wherefore she denied that she had any of him, and railed at him, as if he had done her wrong to ask it: whereat the traveler was so enraged, that he accused her of disloyalty and theft: which the Host hearing, he took his wives part, and thrust the other out of doors, who justly incensed with such dealing, drew his sword and ran against the gate. The Host began to cry out that he went about to break into his house and rob him. For which cause the Soldier was apprehended, carried to prison, and arraigned before the Magistrate, ready to be condemned to death. The day came wherein sentence was to be given and executed, the Devil entered into the prison, and told the prisoner that he should be condemned to die: nevertheless he promised him if so be he would give himself unto him, to keep him from all harm. The prisoner answered, that he would rather die innocent as he was, then be delivered by such means. The Devil having showed him again the danger wherein he stood, and receiving the repulse, promised notwithstanding, to help him for nothing, and work in such sort that he should be revenged on his enemies. He counseled him then when he should be brought to his trial, to maintain that he was innocent: and to desire the judge to let him have him for his advocate, whom he should see standing there in a blue Cap, which should plead for him. The prisoner accepted the offer: and the next day being brought to the Bar; hearing his adversaries accusation, and the judges opinion, required (according to the custom of the place) that he might have an Advocate to plead his cause: which was granted him. This crafty Lawyer stood forth, and very subtly began to defend his client, alleging that he was falsely accused, and by consequence wrongfully condemned: for the Host kept away his money, and had misused him beside: Thereupon he up and told how the whole matter had passed, and declared the place where the money was locked up. The Host on the other side defended himself, and the more impudently denied it, giving himself to the Devil both body and soul, if so be he had it. whereupon this Lawyer in the blue Cap, leaving his cause, laid hold on the Host, carried him out of the hall, and hoisted him up so high in the air, that it was never known what became of him afterward. I. wire in his 4. book of Devilish devices, Chap. 20. PAUL EITZEN in the 6. Book of his Morales, Chap. 18. saith, that this happened in the year 1541. and that this Soldier came out of Hungary.  
In the Town of Rutlingen, a certain traveler coming into an Inn, gave his Host a budget to keep, wherein there was a great sum of money. At his departure ask it again, the Host denied he had any, and railed at him for charging him with it. The traveler sued him in the law, and because there was no witness of the matter, he was going to put the Host to his oath, who was ready and most desirous to take it, and gave himself to the devil, if ever he received or kept away the Budget that was in question. The plaintiff required some respite, to take advise whether he should put the defender to his oath or no: and going out of the Court, he met two men, that asked him the occaston of his coming thither.  
He up and told them the matter. Well (said they) will't thou be contented that we shall help thee in the cause. He answered them I, not knowing what they were. Thereupon they returned all three into the Court, where the two that came last, began to maintain against the Host, that the Budget was delivered unto him, and that he received it, and locked it up in such a place, which they named. The perjured wretch could not tell what to reply: and as the judge was about to send him to prison, the two witnesses began to say, it shall not need, for we are sent to punish his wickedness. Saying so, they caught him up into the air, where he vanished away with them, and was never seen more. JOHN le GAST of Brisae, in the 2. volume of his Tabletalk, pag. 131. GILBERT COZEN of Nosereth, in his Narrations.  
PETER ALVARADO a Spanish Captain, making war on the Indians of Peru, received a grievous hurt in a skirmish, whereof he died two days after. Lying in his deathbed, & being asked where he felt his pain? In my soul (said he) it torments me: when the news of his death came to his wife BEATRICE, a very proud woman, then resident at Guattimall, she began to rage, to make imprecations, and to fall out with GOD, even to say; That he could not deal worse with her then to take away her husband. thereupon she hung all her house with black, and began to mourn in such sort that she could not be drawn to receive any sustenance or comfort. She did nothing but weep, lie along on the ground tear her hair, and demean herself like a mad woman. Amidst her husband's pompous obsequies (of whom GOMARA writes, that he married two sisters and was a long time polluted with foul incest) and all this despiteful mourning, she forgot not to assemble the chiefest of the town together, and there to make them declare her for Governess of the Country, and to swear fealty and obedience unto her. But now let us here what came to pass upon these imprecations and despiteful speeches. The 8. of September 1541. it reigned so mightily for 24. hours together, that the next day about nine or ten of the clock at night, two Indians came, and advertised the Bishop of Guattimall, how they had heard a marvelous strange noise at the foot of the Mountain adjoining to the City. The Bishop sent them away, and told them it was nothing but illusions. But an hour after midnight, an inundation of waters began to rush out at the bottom of the mountain and to disgorge itself on the plain with such fury: that it carried away whole rocks of an incredible thickness. These waters rolling along, cast down all that they encountered. Amidst the which nothing was heard but fearful cries in the air: & there were some that marked a black Cow among the waves, which went in & out doing much mischief. The first house overwhelmed by this deluge was ALVARADOES, where perished BEATRICE his widow, with all such as accompanied her in an Oratory, where she was at her devotions▪ Instantly after the Town was buried in the waters. Some six score persons men and women were drowned. They which got away at the beginning of the noise escaped. When the waters were fallen, the Spaniards were found having their arms and legs all cut and mangled. I will add this one word, How a little girl which ALVARADO had begotten on an Indian, carried away with the rest by the flood, was found a good way from the Town, safe and un-hurt in any part of her body. I. BENZO in his History of the new world, Book. 2. Chap. 17.  
For to return again into Europe, it is not long ago (saith Doct. PHILIP CAMERARIUS) that my brother called JOACHIM coming out of Hesse, told me this which ensueth. I saw a Boy, said he, in the Landgrave WILLIAMS Court, that was both dumb and deaf, but so witty, that I could not marvel sufficiently at his dexteri●…ie, to perform all that he was willed to do: for by the only twinkling of an eye, he understood whatsoever the Prince and others meant: the Landgrave seeing me to wonder so at it, said unto me: See you this dumb boy? all that ever happens either here in my Court, or in the Town, if he can come to have never so little inkling of it, he presently acquaints me very cunningly with it by his signs. But I will tell you further for a notable History of GOD'S justice. His Mother accused of theft, seeing no other mean to escape had recourse to imprecations: and because she was then big with this child, for to add more credit to her words, she made this imprecation; That if the matter were true which she was charged with, she prayed GOD that the Child wherewithal she went, might never speak, but continue dumb as long as it lived. Her imprecations discovered her, having joined perjury to theft. PH. CAMERARIUS in the 86. Chap. of his Historical meditations.  
Not long since it happened, that a certain Gentleman our neighbour, vexing his poor tenants with imprecations and curses, constrained them to build his Castle. In driving them to work, he ordinarily called them his Dogs. Before the building was finished, he fell sick: and continuing his imprecations and curses, GOD so repressed him, that he became speechless: and when I wrote this History, he could not pronounce any one word distinctly, but barked like a Dog. The same.  
Another example no less memorable, happened not long ago in a Prince's Court hereby, where a certain Gentleman being charged with many injurious words spoken at random: for to cover the matter, and to persuade that the accusation was false, he began to protest and swear: adding that he desired of GOD if he had used any such speeches, to show some token on him, even at that very instant: or if GOD would not, that then the Devil would. Presently upon these words, and other such like imprecations, he fell down flat on his face, being so grievously taken with the falling sickness (which he had never felt before) that after he had▪ tormented and beaten himself against the ground, where he lay foaming at the mouth like one half dead, he was carried to a Chamber, & there continued very sick, in the year 1591. when I collected this History, being justly punished for his rashness & impious imprecation. The same.  
JOHN wire, in his works of the devils impostures, recites a memorable History, which happened at Guclders about the year 1575. A Captain bearing Arms for the King of Spain, being married to an honest Gentlewoman, whom he entreated most unworthily, understanding that she was with child, began to make imprecations against her, and to say, I will stab this little Devil which thou hast in thy belly▪ Not long after, she was delivered of a Son, which from the hips downward was very well shaped, but the upper part was all covered over with red and black spots, the eyes stood in the forehead, it had a round and black hideous mouth, and long ears like a bloodhound, with two little crooked horns on the crown of the head, which became as red as blood, assoon as they were touched. PLATO writes in his 7. Book of Laws, that there is nothing more to be feared then the Father's curses against the Child. The contrary is to be wished of all good children. It is a singular testimony of GOD'S favour to such, as lawfully desire and purchase their Father and Mother's ●…sing. The same.  
Master ANDREW HONSDORF in his Theatre of examples, on the 4. commandment, propoundeth certain Histories to the purpose, whereof we entreat, which I will briefly touch. Another dwelling in the Duchy of Saxony, carried a Daughter of hers that was possessed of the Devil to Wittenberg, for to receive some relief, and to commend her to the prayers of the Church. She confessed that this affliction came upon her Daughter one day, when being in an anger, she had made an imprecation, wishing the Devil would possess her: as incontinently he did. Being carried on a time into the Church, as the congregation were in prayer for her, a learned parsonage hearing certain fu●…ies of the evil spirit, said unto him. O Satan the Lord rebuke thee. The spirit immediately answered, let him rebuke me, let him rebuke me: and then held his peace.  
At Friburg in Misnia it fortuned that a Father being in a mighty rage with a Son he had, that dispatched not something so soon as he would have had him, began to say, would to GOD thou mightst never stir from the place where thou art. It was no sooner said, then done: for suddenly the Son remained, as it were fastened and nailed to the place where as he stood, and could not be removed by any strength or devise whatsoever. And because he could neither bow nor bend his body for to sit, they set a stay behind his back, to ease him. Having continued in this estate three whole years together, GOD hearing the prayers which were made for this poor Child, permitted that he could sit and stoop, and th●…n rise again. In this manner he continued four other years more, lean of face, eating very little, and speaking but seldom. Being asked at any time how he felt himself, his usual answer was, that GOD did chastise him, and that his mercy knew what issue his afflictions should have, which nothing hindered the assurance that he had of his eternal salvation through JESUS CHRIST. At 7. years end, he died peaceably full of the spirit of repentance, faith and hope in the grace of his Saviour, on the eleventh day of September, in the year a thousand, five hundredth, fifty and two.  
Not long ago saith M. ANDREW HONDSDORFE, we saw an Almaigne very poor and sickly, and as wretched and miserable as might be, by reason of the imprecations which his Father had made against him a little before his death: wishing that all kind of misfortune might accompany him, as long as he lived.  
A Mother having a very disobedient Son, fell down▪ on her knees, and prayed GOD that her wicked Child might be burnt with a secret fire. This imprecation fell not to the ground: for the Son being suddenly seized with that fire over all his body, began to cry, Mother, Mother, your prayers are heard, and languished three days in unspeakable torments he was consumed therewith.  
A disobedient Son in the City of Milan, mocked his mother and made mouths at her. The Mother justly ince●…sed with so vylanous a prank, said: would thou mightst make such mouths at the gallows. It fell out not long after, that this rogue being apprehended for thieving was condemned to be hanged: and being on the ladder at the place of execution ready to be turned of by the hangman every one saw him make such mouths as he had made before to his Mother. These Histories and infinite others such like warn Parents to shun such speeches and to reclaim their Children with good admonitions or convenient corrections. They likewise exhort Children to show themselves humble, tractable and obedient, to the end they be not confounded by the just judgement of GOD, maintaining the rights of those which are his lively images upon earth.  
In Silesia happened two memorable Histories, which show the dangerous fruit of imprecations, & the favour of GOD assisting us by the ministry of his Holy Angels, against the fury of evil spirits. A gentleman having invited certa●…ne of his friends, & prepared a sumptuous feast, seeing his expectation frustrated by their excuses, entered into some choler, & said, since none of them will vouchsafe to come would all the Devils in hell were here. Thereupon he got him forth of doors, and went to Church, where the minister was preaching, unto whom he gave very diligent ear: and continuing so, behold certain men came riding into his yard, of tall stature, and all in black, which willed the gentleman's man to go and tell his master, that his guests were come. They fellow exceedingly affrayed run to Church & advertised his Mr of it, who very much dismayed asked Counsel of the minister what he should do. He having finished his sermon willed that every body should void the house. It was no sooner commanded then performed: but with haste that they made to get out, they left a little Child behind them sleeping in the Cradle. Those guess, that is to say the Devils began to fling the tables & other things about the house, to roar, & to look out at the windows in the likeness of Bears, Wolves, Cats, & terrible men, holding glasses of wine, & dishes of meat in their paws. As the gentleman together with the minister and neighbours were in great fear beholding such a sight, the poor Father began to cry, alas, where is my Child? Scarce was the word out of his mouth when one of those black guests brought the Child to the window in his arms, and showed it to all that were in the street. The gentleman almost beside himself, said to one of his men whom he made most account of, alack what shall I do? Sir answered his servant, I will commend my life unto GOD, in whose name I will enter the house, & through his favour & assistance bring you your Child. Wilt thou, said his Mr, GOD be with thee & strengthen thee. The fellow having received the Minister's blessing, went into the house, & coming to the Stove where those dreadful guests were, he fell down on his knees, commended himself to GOD, then opened the door, & saw the Devils in horrible forms, some sitting, some standing, others walking, some ramping against the walls, but all of them assoon as they beheld him ran unto him, crying, Hoh Hoh, what makest thou here? The servant sweeting with fear, and yet strengthened by GOD, went to the fiend that held the Child, and said unto him, Come, give me this Child. No marry will I not answered the other: he is mine. Go bid thy Master come and fetch him. The fellow insisting said, I will execute the charge which GOD hath committed unto me, for I know that all that I do according thereunto is acceptable unto him. Therefore, in regard of mine office, and in the name, assistance & virtue of JESUS CHRIST, I will take this Child from thee▪ and carry it to the father. Saying so, he caught hold on the Child, and held it fast in his arms. The black guests returned no answer, but roared and cried out, Hoh sirrah let alone the Child, or we will tear thee all to pieces. But he not respecting their menaces went safely away, and presently restored the Child to the gentleman his Master. Certain days after all those guests vanished away, and the gentleman become wiser and a better Christian, returned to his house. JOHN GEORGE GODELMAN, Doctor of Law at Rostoch, in his treatise of Witches and Witchcraft book 1. Chap. 1.  
Another gentleman using to give himself unto the Devil, traveling by night but with one man, was set upon by a company of fiends, which would have carried him away. The servant being desirous to save his Master held him fast about the middle. The Devils began to cry, Sirrah let go your hold▪ but the fellow persisting in his determination, his Master escaped. The same.  
In Saxony a young maid that was very rich, promised marriage to a proper young man, but poor. He foreseeing that wealth and inconstancy of sex might easily alter this maiden's resolution, freely opened his mind unto her about it. Whereupon she made a thou●…and imprecations to the contrary, and amongst others, this which ensueth. If ever I marry any other, let the Devil take me and carry me away on the wedding day. What followed thereupon? A certain time after, the fickle wench was betrothed to another, having utterly forgot the former, who gently admonished her more than once of her promise and horrible imprecation. She nothing regarding him, made her ready to be married to the second: but the wedding day come, when every body else was merry, the bride being wakened by her conscience, seemed sadder than she used to be. whereupon two men on Horse back, came and lighted at the house where the feast was kept, who were presently carried up, and after dinner, when they fell to dancing, one of them (as the manner of the Country is to honour strangers which happen to be at such feast▪) was desired to lead the Bride a dance. He took her by the hand, and walked her a turn or two: then in the presence of all her kinsfolks and friends, he caught her up, crying out for help and went out at the gate, where he hoist her up in the air, and vanished away with his companion and their Horses. Her sorrowful friends having sought her all that day, and continuing so the next morning, hoping to find her where she was fallen some where or other, to the end they might have buried her body; met the two Chevalliers which restored them the maiden's wedding apparel, and all her jewels: saying that GOD had given them pour over her, but not over her apparel: and so vanished away. The same.   

Rash judgements.  
THE year 1550. it happened that a certain merchant in the Duchy of Saxony riding forth of Town, left his Wife with one Daughter and a maid at home. Hard by him dwelled the hangman of the place, who having espied this opportunity, found means to get into the house and hid himself in the Cellar, where when the maid came at night to draw wine he cut her throat. The Daughter being sent to call the maid was also killed. Finally the Mother going to see why they both stayed so long received the like entertainment: which done he threw their bodies into a Chest, ryfled the house, and went his way. Not long after the merchant returning home, and the author of such an execrable fact unknown, the hangman accused the poor merchant to the judges, and deposed that the day before his departure he had been at great debate with his wife. The merchant was apprehended and tortured in such sort, that he confessed (although he were innocent) that he had committed those three murders, and therefore was condemned and put to death. But shortly after the murderer discovered himself by a silver bowl which he offered to a goldsmith to sell, who knowing the merchants mark, gave him money for it, and after he was gone, carried it to the Magistrate, unto whom he declared whose mark it had, and of whom he had bought it. Presently the hangman was apprehended and being examined denied it at the first, but at length confessed the whole matter. Thus was the merchant's innocency approved though too late before men, and the damnable murderer executed with such punishments as his horrible wickedness deserved. PAUL EITZEN in the 3. book of his Morales, Chap. 15. M. ANDREW HONSDORFF in his theatre of examples. In another town of Saxony it fortuned that at a certain wedding a thief stole a silver goblet, & being narrowly pursued by some of the watch, he went and hid it in a fellows bosom that had over-drunke himself and was laid a sleep in the way as he ran along. The watch having wakened this sleeper, found the goblet about him, & carried him to prison, where by tortures he confessed the theft, whereupon ensued sentence of death and execution. Within a while after the thief apprehended for another robbery, confessed this former, and was hanged. PAUL EITZEN in the same book and Chapter.  
Two thieves in the town of Erford went and hid themselves in a widows house with intent to cut her throat and carry away that she had. For to draw her out of her Chamber where she lay, they got into the stable, and began to pinch a kid which they found there, to the end they might make the maid come down: as indeed she did. For going to see what the kid ailed, they caught her by the throat and killed her. The widow (which had no other maid but that one) hearing the kid cry and the wench not returning went down out of her Chamber and had her throat cut by these murderers, who rifled the house, and went their ways before day. The next morning, the neighbours hearing a little Dog bark in the house, and seeing neither mistress nor made stirring abroad, at the length broke open the doors, and found those two persons murdered. Immediately they began to charge and accuse a certain man, that had the keeping of a Church thereby, because he had used much to the said widows house. The Magistrate's building on reports and conjectures, commanded the man to be apprehended, & so extremely tortured, that he confessed he had committed that which never came in his thought. Whereupon followed his condemnation and execution. The thieves not long after being taken & imprisoned for other offences, confessed this murder of the mistress and maid: and were executed according to their merits. M. ANDREW HONSDORFF in his theatre of examples. A certain man in the town of Basil fell out upon some occasion with his Wife, who unable any longer to endure his hard usage, left her house and went to some of her friends in the Country, and desired them to be a mean of reconciliation between her husband and her. It chanced that about the time of her departure, another woman having drowned herself in the Rhine was cast up on the shore. All the town ran to see her, and because she was appareled like the absent Wife, & that her face was so disfigured as no man could not discern her, in continently the people (there gathered together) began to cry out and say that this cruel husband had killed his Wife, and then cast her so into the water. The Magistrates giving more credit to this report than they should, committed the husband to prison, where he was put to such torture as he confessed that which was not: namely that he had killed his Wife, and then thrown her body into the Rhine: upon which confession he was condemned and put to death, like a parricide. Three da●…es after, his fugitive Wife returned for to reconcile herself to her husband: but hearing the piteous news of his death, melting into tears, and running like a mad woman to the townhouse, she presented herself before the Lords, proved her husband's innocency, and accused them of injustice. They hanging down their heads and condemning their rash judgement, took as good order as possibly they could for the poor Widow. The same.  
A woman dwelling in a certain Castle of the Archbishopric of Breme, with her Son that was married, suffered herself to be abused by one of her men. Which discovered by the Son, and not able to bear it, he besought his Mother to abstain from such wickedness. One day having been abroad, and coming home, the fellow that was with the Mother in her Chamber espying him a far off ran away. The Son followed after him, and with a wand that he had in his hand struck of his hat. This servant got away and went into the service of a new master, some two days journey from thence. His friends sought for him and demanded him of the Son, who told them how matters had past, adding that he had his hat, but knew not what was become of him, they taking this answer in evil part, accused the young man for killing their kinsman. Pre sently the judge committed the innocent Son to prison, where the intolerable torment of the torture made him confess that he had killed the servant and thrown his body into a river thereby. whereupon he was condemned to lose his head. Being lead to the place of execution, he was admonished to tell the truth: he answered, I am innocent: but will it avail me to tell the truth? I have killed him. To conclude, he was executed & yielded up the ghost in the invocation of the name of God. Shortly after, the servant and the widow were found out where they were, and being apprehended, suffered such punishment as they rightly merited. I GEORGE GODELMAN in the Treatise of Witches & witchcrafts. Book. 3. Ch. 10.  
Two young Artificers dwelling in a town of Germany, went out together for to travel the Country, shortly after, one of them returned again in his companions apparel, with whom he had changed clothes. The others friends conjecturing by this change of apparel, that he had made away their kinsman, accused him of murder to the judge of the place, who immediately committed him to prison: where denying the fact, and put to torture, by force of torment he confessed, that he had murdered his companion, and got on his apparel, having eaten out his own in an Alehouse. whereupon he was condemned to death, & executed, dying like a good Christian. Not long after, his companion returned safe and well. In perpetual remembrance of this proceeding and unjust sentence pronounced against this innocent, in the Church of the place is the figure of a man laid upon a wheel cut out in stone. For indeed one ought not proceed unto torture, if the party accused be not charged with many likely signs, and (as V●…PIAN saith,) li. 1. §. 2. l. 18. sect. 1. l. 20. l. fin. D. de quaestio. almost convinced by evident testimonies: for in criminal processes it is requisite, that proofs should be apparent and clearer than the day. L. Sciant cuncti. 25. C. de proba. The same.  
LADISLAUS King of Hungary, having established, JOHN CAPISTRAN Lord Marshal of his house: it happened that a certain Count was accused of treason, and being laid on the Rack, confessed that wherewithal he was charged: insomuch that CAPISTRAN condemned the Count to be beheaded, together with his son: but under a secret reservation, that the father only should be executed first, and the son spared, if it were never so so little perceived that he were innocent: but yet commanded that he should be lead to the place of ●…xecution. The son seeing his father lose his head, & being fully persuaded that his should be chopped off too, strucken with a vehement fear, he fell down stark dead where he stood. CAPISTRAN very much troubled with such an accident, gave over his estate, and became a Friar. ANDREW HONSDORFF in his Theatre of examples.  
BAPTIST FULGOSA reports, that HERMOLAUS DONAT, one of the ten Lords at Venice, a parsonage of great authority, having in charge to examine a certain young man, accused of an infamous crime, caused him divers times to be tortured, for to draw out the truth of him: which not able to do, a confederate of the prisoners, desiring to be revenged on him for it, and to procure some ease to the other, watched him one night as he was returning homeward very late from the Palace, accompanied but with one man, carrying a Torch, which suddenly put out, HERMOLAUS received a stab with a Poinard and fell down dead in the place. The Lords of Venice marvelously incensed and offended with the heinousness of the fact, and not able to discover the murderer, purposed to search out diligently all circumstances that might serve thereunto. They called to mind, how before-times there had been great variance between HERMOLAUS and JACQVES son to FRANCISCO FOSCATI Duke of Venice: Imagining thereupon that JACQVES relying on the dignity of his father, might well have enterprised this murder, they committed him to prison, and tortured him extremely. But he would never confess that whereof he was guiltless, notwithstanding they confined him into Candy, where he died. The murderer urged by his conscience, became a Monk, and certain years after in his deathbed, opened this murder to his Confessor: which after his decease was signified to the signory. In the 8. Book of his Examples, Chap. 4.   

Famous and remarkable judgements.  
AN Italian Gentleman very rich, & well favoured of ALEXANDER de MEDICIS the first Duke of Florence, falling in love with a very honest & fair young maid, but very poor, and of base parentage, (being a Milners' daughter, who lived in the Country not far from Florence,) tried many means to corrupt her, but all in vain, the Virgin having her honour in great recommendation. In the end transported with this violent passion, and followed by men which did second him in his humour, he goes in the night towards this Mill, takes the Maid violently from her father, and carries her to a house of his in the Country, where she was ravished. This poor father goes to Florence, and attends the Duke at his return from Mass, makes his complaint unto him, and demands justice. The Duke concealing his thoughts, sends him back to his house, promising to take order for it. Presently after dinner, he goes to horse, making a show he would go hunt, and goes towards this Gentleman's house, staying thereby in a place of pleasure. The Gentleman advertised that the Duke was so near, and drunk with his passion, thinking the Milner would not have presumed to complain of him, and trusting in his own credit, he shuts the Maid up in a secret place of his house, out of the way, and then goes to do his duty unto the Duke, offering him his Palace for his lodging, the which the Duke doth accept, and seems to take great delight in the building of this house of pleasure: he doth visit and view every part, member, and corner thereof, very curiously, with their ornaments, and causeth all the chambers and Cabynes to be opened: finally he enters into a fair and long gallery, at the end whereof was a close door, but painted and enriched with rare devices. The Duke seems to have more delight in that, then in all the rest, and smiling, he said, That he thought that it was the Storehouse of all his Evidences, Treasure, and most precious jewels. It was the prison of this honest Maiden, that had been ravished. And for that the Gentleman made some delay to open it, the Duke did presently doubt, that what he sought was there, and therefore he commands them to open it: but the Gentleman pretended, that a servant of his was gone to Florence, and had carried the Key with him. But finding the Duke (at these words) to be the more earnest to enter, he came to him, and after a great reverence, he told him softly in his ear, that there was a wench within, the which he was loath to have seen, unless it were his highness pleasure to see her I, I, answered the Duke, it is that I look for. The gentleman thinking it would prove but a jest (for that the Duke himself was much given to such excess, the which was afterwards the cause of his death) he opened the door. Then the poor maid with her hair about her ears, weeping, and undressed, doth prostrate herself at the Duke's feet, and demands justice for the wrong which had been done her. Hereupon the Duke doth send presently for the Milner, and doth greatly blame the gentleman, and two of his chief confederates. He propounds two conditions to the gentleman, either death without remission, or to marry the maid whom he had ravished. The gentleman who did not think to escape, seeing his Lord in such choler, accepts of the marriage: and by the Duke's sentence is condemned to give unto his wife, three thousand Ducats for her dowry. Which being done in the presence of the Duke, of his train, and of the Milner, the maid being honourably attired, he married her, held her for his lawful wife, and she was so esteemed, beloved of him, and reverenced throughout all Tuscanie, and the Duke was much honoured of all men, for so good an act of justice. Histo. of Florence.  
There was a citizen of Como kept prisoner by a Spanish Captain, and accused to have committed a murder, for the which he was in great danger of his life, in the year 1547. The wife of this prisoner being fair and of a good grace, but chaste, and very careful for her husband's delivery, went and came soliciting for him, by all the means she could devise. Presenting herself upon her knees, she beseeched him to save his prisoner's life. This wretch taking her apart, said unto her, there is one means to preserve your husband's life, without the which he must needs die. After some speeches thereupon, he discovers in the end his villainous heart, soliciting her to yield unto him, with promise that soon after he would restore her that which she so much desired. The poor woman being fallen into a new affliction, after a long conflict in her thoughts, and an extreme grief of heart, she declares unto her husband the cruel and villainous desire of the Captain. The husband desirous to save his life, persuades his wife to yield unto the Spaniards brutish appetite: who having enjoyed the body of this desolate woman, would also have her satisfy his covetousness, paying him two hundred crowns. He added to these two horrible crimes, a third, which was most detestable; for having caused the husband to be drawn out of prison, as it were to send him home to his house, and to deliver him to his wife, who hoped for no less. This disloyal Captain made the poor man to be presently carried back into prison, and afterwards caused his head to be cut off. The woman oppressed with grief, reports all this history unto her friends, and by their advise complains to the Duke of Ferrara, who being extremely moved at these crimes, sends presently for the Captain, who being examined and found guilty, he demands pardon: he is first condemned to restore presently the two hundred ducats, and to add seven hundred more. Secondly, he causeth a Priest to come, and forceth the Captain to marry the widow in presence of them all. Thirdly, and at the same instant, instead of a nuptial bed, going out of the Church, he caused a gibbet to be set up, whereas the Spanish Captain was hanged, and the widow honourably sent home to her house. History of Italy.   

judges no judges, but most unjust and detestable.  
IN a certain place of Germany, which I name not for some considerations. It happened in the year 1537. for judges to apprehend a certain soldier in passing, who had committed some insolency that was punishable, but not corporally, being but a light offence. Some say, that having a good purse, it made them condemn him to die. When as they pronounced this sentence against him, he said unto them with an assured countenance, You are unjust judges, who to please your Sovereigns, or to have my purse, send me to execution: but if you be so greedy of silver, take all that I have, and let me go; I neither can, nor would if I might, revenge me of the wrong you have done me, and do promise you never to set my foot more in this place. Beware how you shed innocent blood, to please two or three: fear that judge from whom nothing is hidden, who will reward every man according to his merits, be they good or evil. But prevailing nothing with all his complaints and admonitions, he added, Seeing that you stop your cares to my cries, I adjourn you before the judgement seat of the Almighty GOD, you are most wicked judges, and corrupted for money. But he was executed. Before the year was expired, four of these unjust judges did perish miserably. One was slain with lightning, another stabbed at a Banquet; the third was hanged for theft, and the fourth being tormented with a burning fever, and other grievous pains, died in despair, and before he gave up the ghost, he cried out saying; Satan why dost thou stay? why dost thou not tear out, and carry my soul out of this body. I have served thee till now, I am therefore thine. I will not appear before GOD with the Soldier. JOHN le GAST of Brissac, in the 2. volume of his Tabletalk, pag. 125.  
The following History is yet more strange. A Son doth so much forget the name and duty of a Son, as he accuseth his own Father to have had carnal knowledge with a Beast. The Father is imprisoned and put to the rack, where he confesseth that he had committed the act. Being from the rack, he denies it, and then confesseth it again, being brought unto it, his body being so weak, as it was not possible for him to endure such torments saying, that he had rather die then be so pulled in pieces. Being brought before the judges, and demanded again according to the custom: if he had not done this foul fact? he denies it constantly, and adds that the rack had forced from him that confession. That he never had any thought to pollute himself so villainously, much less committed the Act. He is confronted with seven witnesses, who maintain that they had heard him confess the fact in prison: whereupon he is condemned to be burned alive. As they lead him to execution, he still cried out unto the people which looked on him as he passed, that he was innocent of this accusation which had been practised against him by his own Son, who sought his death to be master of his goods to waste them. He was burnt alive, died constantly, and his soul went peaceably unto God. But within one month the judges and the witnesses did all perish miserably, and this execrable Parricide, falling into despair hanged himself. The same Author, vol. 2. pag. 126.  
These Histories of some judges, not judges, but judged before GOD, before themselves, and before men, as most unjust and detestable judges, are not produced to favour in any sort the furies of some fantastical and humorous persons, who for the faults of some few private men, have dared to condemn the lawful calling of them that administer justice. Let the unjust learn of them that love true honour, the peace of their consciences, the glory of GOD, and the preservation of every man's right, to discharge themselves honourably and faithfully of their charges. I continue to touch the unjust carriage of some, which may serve the reader as a pattern to put him in mind of many other examples. In our time they have not been content to take presents of meat and drink, for the dispatch of men's suits: they have not been contented to see rich stuffs brought in for Mounsieur and my Lady, nor to suffer my Lady and her Daughter, to have Bracelets, Chains or jewels given them, without seeming to know what it is, or to see any thing: they have not been content to ask and take by their household servants, by their friends and Brokers cunningly set on: They have not been content to traffic justice with all kinds of trades, to draw all necessary implements into their houses: finding nothing too hot, too heavy, nor too base: To conclude, they have sold Orphelins, Innocents', widows, and poor persons, for boots, shoes, and hats, etc. But they are come now to say, What will you give me? and presently to hold forth the hand: yea (without offence to the Proverb, which forbids to look a given horse in the mouth) they are now come to handle it, sometimes behind the back, seeming to walk with the Merchant, then to look on it, to sound it, and to peize it, before they once will say, Well, assure yourself of me. And yet they have not been contented with all this; ●…ay they have caused the poor Plaintiff to give his Vine-ground of ten acres, to do him justice of five or six acres of Vine: to demand a Horse of a hundred crowns, to get fifty: to cause himself and his wife to be appareled from top to toe, to give a favourable voice in a bad cause. And oftentimes if he that hath the right, hath given less than the other that is in the wrong, it proves unprofitable. And as one said, the four horses behind, draw back the Coach which the first come had given. Nay they have exceeded farther, ask that, which neither by GOD'S laws nor man's can be lent, sold, nor engaged: the loss whereof is greater, and no less irreparable than life. They would have them buy justice with a payment, which is not only contrary to all honesty and justice, but whose infamy redounds upon them that are yet unborn. And to speak in plainer terms, in our time there was a Precedent which died an Abbot, who said unto an honourable gentlewoman, that if she would lend him her forepart, he would give her audience.  
They report a History of one who did yet worse. It was the Provost la Vouste, who played a wicked part with a certain honest woman. She coming unto him to make sure for her husband, whom this Provost kept in prison, was required to grant him one nights pleasure, and he would yield to whatsoever she herself demanded.  
This woman finding herself much perplexed, looking on the one side to her breach of faith plighted to her husband, and on the other side, his life which she should save, she was very desirous to acquaint her husband therewith; who having dispensed therewithal, she than yields unto the Provosts brutish desire, resting assured that he would certainly keep promise with her, concerning her husband. But in the morning this most wild wretch, (after he had caused her husband to be hanged) said thus unto her, I did promise indeed to restore you your husband, I keep him not, but I yield him unto you.  
The same Provost being ready to have one hanged, the man being upon the ladder, one came and told him in his ear, that if he would deliver him, and set him free, he should have a hundred crowns. Where at he taking some taste, made a sign to the hangman to stay; then studying of some devise or trick to make him escape, he drew near, and cried out aloud in his language: Behold my masters, into what danger this wretch had brought me, for he hath a crown (he did equivocate upon that word, which signifies a crown of gold, and the crown of such as begin to be in Sacris (as they speak) and in the first degree to be a Priest) and never told me of it. But come down with a vengeance, thou shalt be led before the Official thy judge.  
Another Provost being desirous to save a thieves life, which had fallen into his hands, upon condition that he should have a share in the booty, as they had agreed. But considering on the other side, that the murmur would be great if he did not justice, and that he should bring himself into great danger, he used this means. He caused a poor honest man to be taken, to whom he said, that he had been long sought for, and that he had committed such and such an act. The man denies it confidently, as having his conscience clear from any such crime. But this Provost being resolute, let him understand that he should get more by confessing it, seeing that howsoever, he must lose his life: and if he did confess it, the Provost did bind himself by oath, to cause so many Masses to be sung for him, as he should go directly into Paradise: whereas not confessing it, he should be hanged notwithstanding, and go to the devil; for that there was not any man would sing a Mass for him. This poor man, hearing him talk of death and hell, desired rather to be hanged, and so go into Paradise. So as in the end he came to say, that he did not remember that he had done that wherewith they charged him, yet if they did remember it better than he, and were assured thereof, he would take his death in good part: but he entreated them to keep promise with him, touching the Masses. He had no sooner spoken the word, but they led him in to the others place that had deserved death. But when he was at the ladder, he entered into some speech, whereby he gave them to understand, that he repented him, notwithstanding all that which they had promised him: for the preventing whereof, the Provost made a sign unto the hangman to dispatch him: and so he was. Lib. 1. Of the conference of Ancient Wonders with Modern.  
A Lieutenant for Civil causes, desirous to gratify some one, whereas he should have showed himself a severe Protector of justice, was not content to have engaged his own conscience, but he used such Rhetoric to many others, as he persuaded them to undo themselves, as he had done, for he was so earnest in the pursuit of a cause against the Countess of Surrigan (whom they did falsely accuse to have caused the Duke of Arscot to escape, being prisoner at Bois de Vincennes) as he suborned many witnesses against her, using in this practice, a Commissary called Bouvot, but either of them escaped good cheap, being condemned of falsehood, committed in the instruction of the process against the Countess: they did open penance, them standing on the pillory at the Haules, they were banished. In the history of France under HENRY the 2.  
GVY of Seruilles terming himself Lieutenant to the Provost of Marshals in the Seneshalcie of Xaintonge, having apprehended two young men, he caused them to be hanged upon a Sunday, without finishing of their process, by the which they were found in a manner innocent. He is made a party, as they are accustomed to do against judges which proceed Ex officio, without any party playntive that doth accuse; for in that case they hold the place of an accuser. After view of the process, he is committed to prison, by a decree of the Court, and carried to the Concergery or prison at Bourdeaux: there he was examined, and by his answers mayntaines that the said youngmen had deserved death, for many causes which he objects, whereupon the Court at Bourdeaux were in some doubt, whether they should admit him to make his proofs. Some great lawyers holding, that a judge after execution may at need justify his judgement by proofs and productions, especially against vagabonds and picking rogues, of whom the Provost Marshals do judge definitively: Besides a judge may interpret, declare and maintain his sentence. The Negative is more common; for all that is above spoken hath place where imminent danger is, and in time of War: else no man ought without reason to strive so much from Law and justice: and a judge is not to be admitted to the justification of his judgement by other means, than these which are in the process, and which are written before him, for he that is condemned might have defended and justified himself, or else have reproached the witnesses, so as all might have proved his innocency. But the means of all this was taken from him with his life, which ought not to be. Yet notwithstanding by a decree made at Bourdeaux; Seruille was allowed to make his proofs by acts or witnesses of these crimes wherewith he charged the deceased. And for that afterwards he did nothing, and the two young men were found innocent by an other sentence given the 14. of August 1528. he was condemned and executed. I. PAPON ltb. 4. of his collection of sentences given in Sovereign. arrest 5.  
One terming him falsely Provost of Marshals in the Seneshalsie of Landes, having caused seven women to be executed, being falsely accused and without proof, of witchcraft, was beheaded by a sentence given at Bourdeaux the 3. of january 1525. He had committed three offences. The one of jurisdiction, the fact being not to betried before the Provost. The second that they were not found guilty: the third, that falsely he termed himself a Provost, and under colour of a public charge had committed so many murders. The same PAPON, in the same book arrest 7. The Consul of a Town in Suisserland. (I will spare his name for the present) a rich man, caused a stately house to be built, in the year 1559. Among other excellent workmen which he sought for, he caused a rare cutter and Architect called JOHN, to come from Trent, who for some just reasons refused to come. In the end having received a promise of all safety and good usage, he came and wrought long for the other. About the end of the work, the Architect coming to demand his wages, they fell to some words. Whereof the end was, that by the consuls commandment, JOHN was put in prison, and by the same Consul (against his faith and promise) accused to have spoken against some Ceremonies. The Consul being judge and party, pursued his purpose so furiously, as JOHN was condemned to lose his head. As they led him to execution, he marched with a cheerful countenance, and died very constantly. Adding thereunto, after a long speech testyfiing his constancy and sincere affection, that the Consul (who was the Author of his death) should die also within 3. days, and appear before the judicial seat of GOD, to give an Account of his sentence. It happened as this man had foretold: for the Consul (although he were in the flower of his age, and very healthful) began the same day to be tormented; sometimes, with a violent heat, sometimes with a vehement cold: to conclude he was strooken with a new disease, so as the third day he went to answer to the Innocent against whom he had been a most unjust party, and accuser and a judge, being cast out of the Land of the living by a t●…rriblle judgement of God. M. JOSIAS SIMLERUS of zurich in the life of HENRY BVLLING●…R.   

Wonderful Fasting.  
HENRY of Hasfeld being gone out of the Low Countries to Berg in Norway, where he did traffic, lived there unmarried without blame, he was very charitable unto the poor, whom he did cloth liberally, employing some of his clothes to that use: One day having heard a certain Preacher speaking (indiscreetly) of miraculous fasts, as if it were no more in the power of GOD to maintain any one living without the help of meat and drink, and displeased that this preacher was a dissolute man, which polluted holy things, he tried to fast, and to abstain altogether from eating and drinking. Having abstained three days, he began to be very hungry. He therefore took a bit of bread, meaning to swallow it with a glass of beer. But all that stuck so in his throat, as he remained forty days and forty nights without eating or drinking. At the end of this time, he cast out at his mouth the bread and drink which had remained in his throat. This long abstinence made him so weak, as they were fain to restore him with milk. The Governor of the Country hearing of this wonder, calls for HENRY, and enquiers the truth of him: who giving no credit to HENRY'S confession, would see a new trial thereof. He therefore caused him to be shut up, and carefully watched and kept in a Chamber for the space of forty days and forty nights, without any thing to norrish him. The which he did endure without any noise, and with less difficulty than the first, attributing nothing unto himself, but all to the power and honour of God. By reason of so rare and supernatural an Abstinence, and for that his life was without reproach, he was surnamed of many, the Saint of Norway. A while after, being come about his business to Bruxelles in Brabant, a debtor of his (having neither good money to pay him, nor any good conscience,) accused him of heresy, so as he was imprisoned, where he remained many days without eating or drinking: in the end he was condemned to be burned alive, without making the people acquainted with his process, who did see him go to execution with his accustomed countenance. He was tied to a great stake with a long chain, and they did fire many faggots round about him, a pretty distance off, supposing that he would run about this stake, even unto the last gasp. But contrariwise falling upon his knees and lifting up his eyes to Heaven, he made a fervent prayer unto GOD▪ than rising up, he went courageously o the fire, enters into the flames, and sits down so quietly, as no man could see him move hand or leg, or any other part of his body, but without any stir or tormenting of himself, he ended his life in the fire. They could not find any piece of his bones: and many since passing by the place where he had been burnt, held it for a place of devotion. This happened about the year 1545. the which I have learned from the mouth of many men, worthy of credit, good friends to this man, with whom they had conversed familiarly. JOHN wire in his Treatise of extraordinary abstinence.  
It is not long since that a Chanoine of Liege, desirous to try his force in fasting, having continued unto the seventeenth day, he found himself so faint and weak, as if he had not been suddenly helped with good restoratives, he had died. The same Author.  
A young Maid of Buchold in the territory of Munster in Westphalia, being oppress with melancholy, and keeping the house, was for that cause beaten by her Mother. The which did so increase her grief, as taking no rest, she was four months without eating or drinking, unless that some times she did chew a piece of a roasted apple, and washed her mouth with a little Tisane. She grew exceeding lean, but in the end GOD restored her, living long after very modestly, and endued with singular piety. The same.  
In October in the year 1600. Monsieur RAPINE, whom I name with respect, being a man worthy of credit, did assure me that he had seen (as many others had done) at Conflent in Poitou, about the end of August before, the Daughter of JOHN BALAN a Smith called JOAN, of fourteen years of age, who had then lived eighteen months without eating or drinking any thing whatsoever. Her tongue was much shrunk, and her teeth white and clean, her belly was shrunk, and she was a little fleshy behind. When she riseth in the morning, she opens the window and stands looking into the a●…er, spending the rest of her time in doing some little work about the house. Drawn out of our Memorials.   

justice.  
JOHN de MARESTS having been murdered by the Scignior of TALLART, of a great and ancient house, and a Gentleman well suported by many great alliances, namely by Cardinal JOHN of BELLAY, who made it his own fact, it seemed that the execution of justice was not so speedy as the cause required. The Grandmother of the deceased, having her only refuge unto King FRANCIS the first, cast herself upon her knees, weeping before him at Fontainbleau: whereat the King being amazed, asked what she would have of him? justice (answered she) if it shall please your Majestic. At which word he commands her to rise speedily, and turning to all that did attend him, he said: By the faith of a Gentleman, it is no reason that this Gentlewoman should prostrate herself before me, demanding a thing which for the due of my estate I owe her, but it is their duties that importune me for remissions and pardons, the which I owe them not but of my especial grace and royal prerogative. And after that he had given her a long audience upon the discourse of her request, which which was only to have speedy justice, and having promised it unto her, he showed that the word of such a King was fully accomplished, by the event which followed. So as not able to be moved by any suit of his favourites, nor of foreign Ambassadors, he would have punishment inflicted, as the greatness of the offence required. And so TALLART was beheaded at the Hales at Paris, in the year 1546. Master E. PASQVIER in the 5. book of his Collections of France, Chap. 7.   

A notable Thief.  
ABout the year 1503. there lived at Geneva a notable thief called MORTAC, and in French MORTEL. He did enchant men in such sort, as no man could prevent his thieving, nor punish him after the deed. Every one knew he was a thief, and were as wary of him as they could. It was a common watchword in all the houses of the Town, when as night came, for Masters and Mistresses to warn their servants to shut the doors for fear of MORTAC, which grew to be an ordinary Proverb, when as they doubted any one that had filching fingers. But there was neither door, lock, nor bar, that could keep him out, where he had a will to enter: yet he went not to all places, but only to those that looked sourly on him, and seemed to distrust him, for he took a delight to steal, to be admired for his ability and cunning: neither did he care to gather much together, but contented himself with a little, taking no more than would serve him for some 40. or 50. meals, with some companions which he carried up and down, feasting them at his charge. And there was no means to prevent his will: for he did so enchant them of the house, as they lost their speech, & all means to resist him, making them like immovable stocks, when he entered into their houses. Before he would seize upon that which he pretended, he would first feed himself at his ●…ase. The first thing he ever did was to light a candle, them to take the keys of the house yea from under the master & mistress' pillow, although they were awake: not that he wanted keys, for his fingers served him for his Picklocks: but in thus proceeding he would show his thievish authority. Then would he open the Larder & the Seller, from whence he fetched meat and wine, covered the Table, and eat and drunk at his leisure and pleasure, and yet not any one of the house did stir, either to hinder him, or to accompany him, neither to cry out, nor yet to speak unto him, either good or bad. This done, he went and opened the goodman's coffers, and took what money he thought good, to make good cheer with his Minion's, for 3. weeks or a months space in some Tavern. The next day he and his band would camp where was best wine: and the Tavern keepers entertained this rabble very graciously. For this MORTAC did no harm in those places where he usually frequented, and where the masters did make much of him. After they had made many good meals, when they came to reckon, he never brought any money but said unto the Host: Go and fetch thy due in the corner of such a Chamber of thy house, the which perchance had not been frequented a month before. The which the Host doing, he found the just sum, and not a farthing more or less. It was very strange, that the judges did not punish him. He was often put in prison, but the judges durst not exceed the law, the which did forbid them to condemn any one accused, before he had confessed the fact. And this MORTAC was so constant in denying the truth, as it was impossible to draw any thing from his own mouth, whether it were that he felt no torments, or that he did contemn them. for he apprehended no more to be strained with a cord, then to dance, If they gave him a sharp strapado, he seemed to endure much, and would cry out: Let me down, and I will tell the truth. Being let down and untied, he would say unto the Governors, what will you have me say? thereupon they asked him, who hath done this, or that: and he mocking them, would repeat this question, saying: Dost thou know who hath done this or that? and than he would add in scoffing manner, give me once more the Strappado, for the love of the Ladies, so as they were forced to let him alone. He committed infinite thefts, after the manner before mentioned: but he died not so shamefully as he deserved, yet most cruelly, for the plague having so seized upon his throat, as he could not speak, his Mother (who tended him) fearing he would scape and be hanged afterwards, buried him alive. And so lived and died MORTAC▪ Extracted out of the Annals of Geneva.   

Liberality.  
THE Emperor MAXIMILIAN the first, committed the managing of a great sum of money to a Gentleman that was exceeding prodigal, and a very bad husband: whereof being advertised, he called for him, and demanded an account of a remainder, amounting to 2000 crowns and upward. The other required some respite to make perfect his account, which was granted him. Having considered thoroughly of the matter, the next day he went and presented himself unto the Emperor, who wondering at his sudden return, referred him to the time prefixed the day before. Sacred Majesty (than said the Gentleman) I will briefly show you the truth of the case, to the end you may not be troubled long about it. You are good to all men I confess I have employed the most part of your money, in the entertainment of whores, buying of Horses, gaming and banquets: and without farther excusing of myself: I have done ill: I have deserved to be punished by the law: But I besecch you to bear with my youth, and for my friend's sake to pardon me: if it may please your Majesty to use me, I will be wiser here after. The Emperor hearing this free and open confession, began to smile, & presently commanded his Barber to be sent for, to whom he said, cut me this Gentleman's hair, and with thy Razor make him a fair large crown on the top of his head, for I will presently make an Abbot of him. At the same instant the Emperor was advertised of the vacancy of an Abbey, by the death of the Abbot, & they were devising in MAXIMILIANS presence, upon whom it should be conferred? marry upon him yonder, quoth the Emperor, pointing to the Gentleman that was in the barbers hands. Then calling him unto him, he said: I give thee such an Abbey; If thou continuest as thou hast begun, thou wilt consume both Monks and Covent. The Gentleman unto whom good fortune came sleeping (like unto a C●…anoine of LEWIS the 11.) having accepted this Collation with great reverence and thanks, he took possession of the Abbey, became a good husband, and governed his Monks to their content. I. le GAST of Frissac. Tom. 2. of his Tabletalk.  
GEORGE of Amboise, Cardinal, a chief Councillor to the good King LEWIS the twelfth, did enjoy Gaillion, depending of his Arche-bishopricke of Rovan, the which he did enlarge and beautify all he could, as a house of pleasure, to delight him after his serious occupations. There was a gentleman, a neighbour of his somewhat distressed; who to free himself, spoke to one of the cardinals followers, to be a means unto his Master to buy his land, the which lay very conveniently for Gaillion. As the disposition of all Courtiers is ready for such negotiations, he presently advertised his Master, persuading him that he might buy this Land good cheap. To whom the Cardinal answered, with a smile and cheerful countenance, that he desired nothing more than to confer with the gentleman, about that purchase: commanding him to invite him to dinner. This commandment was presently put in practice by the Courtier. Some few days after the gentleman having dined with the Cardinal the table being taken up and every one retired to give them place for their private talk. The Cardinal began to fall into discourse upon this Land, advising him as a neighbour & a friend not to sell that place which was his ancient inheritance: the other insisted to the Contrary, alleging for his reasons, that he did hope to reap three commodities by this sale: the one was in getting his favour by this means: the other was that with a part of the money he should marry a Daughter of his: and the last that he should employ the rest of his money in rents, which should profit him as much as the revenues of his whole Lands: And therefore my Lord (said he) for that it lies more conveniently for you then any other, I have addressed myself unto you, to make you what price you please. But neighbour (answered the Cardinal) if you might borrow money to marry your Daughter well, would you not be much better pleased to keep your Land? whereunto the gentleman replied, that it would be an other difficulty to pay the money at the prefixed day. But if you might have such a time given you (said the Lord) as without straining of yourself, you might free your debt, what would you say? O my Lord replied the other, you say well, but where are such lender's? And so being fallen into a still discourse of selling and lending, in the end this good Legate said, truly I willbe the Man, and no other, that will perform what I have said. The which he did, for he lent him money for so long a Term, as this gentleman married his Daughter to his own mind, and yet saved his Land. As all Courtiers are careful of their masters profit, though it be to an others hurt: coming from their secret conference, this Mediator comes, who demands in private of his Master, if he had agreed upon the price. I said he, and I think I have gained more than you will believe. For instead of the Lordship, whereof you did speak. I have purchased a friend, desiring rather to have a good neighbour than all the Lands in the world. The poor Courtier being confounded, did no more dream of any such bargains. I would to GOD that all Noblemen would consider well of this History. And yet this Cardinal dying, did Lament with tears the time which he had spent rather in following of a King's Court then in teaching of his flock. M. E. PASQVIER liber 5. de ses recerches. Chapter 5.   

Magnanimity.  
Captain BAYARD in the time of King FRANCIS the first feeling himself very sore wounded to the death with a shot, being advised to retire himself out of the fight, he answered, that he would not beginue in his latter days to turn his back to the enemy: and having fought as long as his his force would give him leave, finding himself to faint and ready to fall from his horse, he commanded his Steward to lay him at the foot of a tree, but in such sort, as he might die with his face to the enemy, as he did. MONTAIGNE in his Essays Chapter 3.  
Many other examples shallbe seen in the following volumes.   

Secret and une qual marriages unfortunate.  
A Nobleman of Spain, falling in Love with a maid exceeding fair, whose Father had been a Goldsmith in the City of Valencia, having sought by many means the use of her, was still rejected. Being vanquished by his affections, he demanded her for his Wife, he marries her in a Chamber, in the presence of her Mother and Brethren. Having entertained her about a year and a half, under this pretext, in the end transported with a new desire, he marries a Lady of a great house publicly. The maid whom he had so wretchedly seduced, finds means by Letters and messages to draw him again unto her, and she persuades him that she is content he shall use her as his Concubine, coming twice a week unto her house. She flatters him in such sort; as he promiseth to come to her the next day: where he is received with kind embracings, and spends the day in sundry discourses. Night being come, he lies with her, who finds so many excuses, as this Nobleman is put of till after his first sleep. Being sound a sleep, this maid transported with grief and fury, and assisted by a bondwoman of hers, who had made provision of two great sharp knives, and of a strong cord tied to one of the bedde-postes, she strains this cord over his body being a sleep, then suddenly she takes one of these knives, and strikes him in the throat with all her force. He starts, but with little life. But on the other side the slave drew the cord with all her strength, wherewith his arms and body were so entangled, that before he could free himself, she had given him many stabs in the body, taking from him at one instant both his speech and life. The candle being light, this maid transported with her grievous fury, proceeding from a just disdain, pulls out the dead man's eyes, cuts out his tongue, and then his heart, the which she tears in pieces, & mangles him in divers parts of his body, the which with the help of her slave she casts out at a window into a street that was much frequented. Day being come every man runs to behold this bloody spectacle. They speak diversly of the fact, for that they could not know the body being so much disfigured, having nothing on but a bloody shirt torn with blows. As every man gave his Censure, the maid comes down in the street and delivers the whole fact, with a constant and an assured countenance, the which is verified (besides her confession) by the deposition of this Nobleman's servant, of the Priest that had married them and of the Mother and Brethren that had assisted. Assoon as the body was cast into the street, the Maid gives unto her slave a good sum of money, advising her to save herself, the which she did in the morning. As for the Maid being satisfied with so extraordinary a revenge, she doth freely and often advow before the judges all that she had done, and being condemned to lose her head, she went constantly and cheerfully to execution, suffering death willingly, to the great amazement of all the Inhabitants of Valencia. History of Spain,  
A while after the Battle of Ravenna, given in the year 1512. a Neopolitaine Gentleman called ANTHONY BOLOGNE, having been Steward to FREDERIC of Arragon King of Naples, who being despoiled of his estate, retired into France, was called by the Duchess of Malfi, a great Lady, issued from the house of Arragon, sister to a Cardinal, one of the greatest in his time, widow to a great Nobleman, and Mother to one only Son, to be her Steward. The which he having accepted, a while after this widow being young and fair, having regarded him with a lascivious eye, she desired him: but to cover her fault, she sought the colour of marriage: and after many vain discourses in her thoughts, instead of flying to the council and good advise of her brethren, and honourable Kinsfolks, (whereof she had many) and to accept a party fit for her quality, the which might easily have been found near or far off: transported with her desire, she discovers her thoughts unto this Gentleman, who drunk with his own conceit, and forgetting the respect which he ought unto his Lady and to her house, neither yet remembering his own mean estate, would not excuse himself, nor give her such Council as he ought in this occurrent, but being presumptuous and lustful, he yielded to join (under the vail of a secret marriage) with her who had long before cast unchaste looks at him, and with whom he had rashly and against all duty fallen in love. These two unadvised creatures then lying together, in the presence of a Chambermaid only, under the colour of marriage, so behaved themselves, as after some months the Duchess was with Child, and brought in bed of a Son, the which was conveyed secretly into the Country. This first delivery remained secret: but being again with Child and delivered of a Daughter, the news were presently spread over all, and came to the ears of the cardinal, and of an other Brother at Rome, Being about to inquire who it might be that had been so familiar with their sister, BOLOGNE seeing that it was generally noted, took his leave of her, she being with Child, meaning to retire to Naples, and then to Ancona, there to attend some other event of their affairs. Having carried his two Children with him, and hired a convenient house, the Duchess sent her richest stuff thither, and soon after under colour of a Pilgrimage to Lauretto, at her return she goes to Ancona with all her trame, where the next day after her arrival, having called all her gentlemen and household servants, she gave them to understand that BOLOGNE was her husband, and that she was resolved to continue with him, suffering them that would go and serve the young Duke her Son to depart, and promising good recompenses to them that should remain with her, showing them their two Children. Her servants amazed at this discourse left the Duchess and BOLOGNE: and being parted from her presence, they sent one among them to Rome, to advertise the Cardinal and the Prince, of all their Sister's fact. The first attempt of these two Brethren against BOLOGNE and his pretended Wife, was to have them chased out of Ancona, by the credit which they had with SIGISMOND of Gonzague the Pope's Legate in that place. They retired speedily then to Sienna, but they must needs depart from thence, being expelled by ALPHONSO CASTRACIO Cardinal of Sienna, and by the justice of Sienna. After divers consultations, they resolved to retire to Venise, and to that end to take the way of Romagna; but being upon the territory of Furlie they descover a far off a troop of horses galloping towards them. The Duchess was presently of an opinion that BOLOGNE should save himself with his Son, who was now grown big, the which they did, being both well mounted, and retired to Milan. These Horsemen, having failed of part of their prey, spoke graciously unto the Duchess, and conducted her with her other two Children into the Realm of Naples, into one of the castles of the young Duke her Son, where she was presently imprisoned, with the two Children she had by BOLOGNE, and her Chambermaid. Some few days after, three of them which had taken her in the plain of Furli, came into her Chamber, and denounce her death unto her, suffering her to recommend herself unto GOD, than they tied a cord about her neck and strangled her, which done, they lay hold on the Chamber maid, who cried out with open throat, and strangle her also, and in the end they seize upon the two young Children, and send them after the Mother and the maid.  
The two Brethren continuing their course caused BOLOGNES' goods at Naples to be confisked, and having descovered that he was at Milan they suborn certain men to feed him with hope that in time they will make his peace, making him believe that his Wife and Children were yet alive, who although he were advertised by a gentleman of Milan of the Duchess death, & of an ambush that was laid for him, yet would he not believe any thing, nor retire himself out of Milan, where there were murderers suborned to kill him: of which number there was a certain Lombard a Captain of a company of foot: so as soon after, BOLOGNE going out of the Friars where he had been to hear Mass he was compassed about by a troop of Soldiers, and their Captain, who slew him presently being about two years after the Duchess death. As for his Son who was not then with him, he was forced to sly out of Milan, to change his name, and to retire himself far off, where he died unknown. History of Italy.  
At what time Pope JULIO the second, made war in Italy all the Towns in a manner being troubled with the factions, a young Roman Gentleman called FABIO fell in Love with a Gentlewoman named AEMILIA, Daughter to one of his Father's mortal enemies. She being inflamed with the like affection, by the means of her Governess, they did write Letters one unto an other, and then spoke together, and in the end they made a mutual promise of marriage, upon a vain hope that it should be a means to unite their houses that were enemies. The worst was, they did consummate this marriage. After some days FABIOS Father feeling himself old, commanded his Son to take a party, and to tell him what maiden he desired to have to Wife. FABIO having delayed to give him any answer, in the end he names AEMILIA whereof he was with great chollour refused by his Father, to whose will in the end he yielded, abandoning AEMILIA after that he had excused himself as well as he could unto her. This sorrowful Virgin grown mad to see herself so abused, seemed to digest this pill quietly, entreating her Governess to obtain so much of FABIO that he would be pleased to come sometimes in the week to see and comfort her, and so by little and little to bury their passed friendship. FABIO yielding to that passion came to see her. She gave him kind welcome, devising very familiarly all the evening together, and then to lie with her, as he had done before. But having entreated him in any case not to touch her, but to stay until the morning, pretending her forepassed grief, as soon as this miserable wretch was fallen a sleep, she takes his dagger and kills him, then having called her governess, she stabs herself in her presence with the same poniard, and died presently. The next day this pitiful accident did much amaze and afflict the two Fathers and their families, for that remedy was passed. History of Italy.   

Detestable Cursings.  
THere was a certain learned and reverent man in Spain had two Sons: the one being thirteen years old or there abouts did some malicious act, wherewith the Mother was so incensed with choler, as she began to curse him, and to give him to the Devil, wishing that he might carry him away. This was about ten of the clock at night, and when as the Mother continued her cursing, the child being amazed, went down into the Court, where he vanished away, so as it was impossible to find him, notwithstanding any search they could make. All were troubled at this accident, seeing there was no door nor window open, whereby he might get out. After two hours, the Father and the Mother being much discomforted, they heard a great noise in a chamber over theirs and the child which groaned pitifully. They go up, and opening the chamber door with the key, they find this child in so poor estate as it was a pity to behold him: for besides that his garments were all torn, he had his face, hands and almost all his body so bruised and scratched as it were with thorns, and so disfigured, as all the night he could scarce come to himself. The Father and the Mother did all they could devise to ease him, and then the next day seeing that he was come something to himself, they inquired of him the reason of his adventure the night past. He answered that being in the Court, certain men wonderfully great, uggly and fearful, approaching near unto him, without speaking any word, had lifted him up into the air, with an incredible swiftness, then setting him down in certain Mountains full of thorns had drawn him through them, and left him in the same estate, they had now found him in. That finally they had slain him, if he had not recommended himself unto GOD: these executioners than brought him back again, and made him to enter by a little window of the Chamber, and so vanished away. The boy remained deaf and in very bad case by this Visitation, being ashamed and grieved if any one did question with him or put him in mind of it A. TORQVEMADOE in the thirdiourney of his Hexameron.   

Melancholic, Mad, Frantic, Furious and enraged persons.  
I Meddle not with the controversies of learned Physicians touching the differences of these diseases, according to the humour most predominant, either in the brain, or in the Hypocondres, or throughout all the body: neither will I enter into consideration of the remedies which they bring. And without subjecting myself to any exact order for this beginning, I will endeavour to quicken the reader's spirits, by this variety, to dispose him to higher considerations, and upon every history draw him to the reverence of almighty GOD, who is just and merciful.  
As for those sick persons that are struck with a Melancholic humour, whereof I represent many histories in this section, we have seen and heard spoke of divers kinds. All being hurt, especially in the imaginative faculty, have strong and very strange apprehensions. Some imagining that they are become pots of Earth or of Glass throughout all their bodies, or part of it, fly all company for fear of breaking. Others thinking that they are become Wolves or Cocks, howling and crowing, and beating their arms, as if they had wings. Some have feared infinitely lest the ground under them should open; others that have represented unto themselves nothing but hideous fantasies and death. Some that have imagined themselves dead, and would no more eat nor drink. Some have thought they have had Stagges-hornes on their heads. Some have cast themselves into Ponds and Rivers, where they have perished, or else have been found in extreme danger, and have been drawn out happily for them.  
There was an Italian Monk, possessed with such a melancholic humour, as he cast himself into the Gulf of Venice, and there was lost. An other confessed that the Euill-spirits had often awaked him in the night, and persuaded him to cast himself headlong into a Well, They do all in a manner fear things of nothing, and do not apprehend those that are hurtful. They are afraid of a Fox's tail wherewith they would whip them, of straw wherewith they would shackle them: and if you tie them by the legs but with a rush unto a bed post, they will move no more than Images: and chose they will sometimes break cords and Chains of Iron wherewith you shall think to hold them. Sometimes they sing and talk incessantly, other times they weep and are mute. the humour coming to alter more, the fury increaseth, and they fall into despair, and perpetual desire of death; the seek for nothing but for Knives to murder themselves, for windows to cast themselves down headlong, for doors to fly out at, and commit some excess, that they might avoid this fear which doth torment them.  
And therefore we do always see them sad, amazed terrified like unto little children which go in the dark, the fume of this black and melancholic humour, marvelously troubling the seat of the understanding, whence proceeds this amazement. So wise men do hold, that the humours of the body do alter our complexion, whence after doth proceed the change of the actions of the mind: so as the faculties of the mind, do follow the disposition of the body. There hath been found a melancholic man which hath supposed himself to be without a head; to cure him whereof, they have charged his head with a hat of lead which was such a continual burden unto him, as in the end he was helped of that imagination. He that thought himself to be all of Glass, was recovered by the approach of a friend of his, who said that he was yet more brittle, and jesting politicly with him, freed him from his Imagination with good words. Some have been seen who imagining themselves condemned to die, could not be diverted from that apprehension, but in seeing of a Pardon counterfeited to that end, taking the pains to read it himself for his better assurance. An other saying that he was dead and in his grave, was retired from that humour, by the dexterity of his Companion who shut himself up with him and eating, persuaded him to eat, saying that it was usual among the dead.  
Some hold their eyes still fixed upon the ground, and are wonderfully offended to hear any one laugh, find nothing that is good, fair nor well done, be it near or far of, imagining still, that they will put them into prison, beat or kill them: they cry him mercy whom they first met, they kneel down for fear to an Infant, or to a little Dog: they seek holes & obscure places: they make Men believe that they are bewitched, enchanted and poisoned. To conclude, this disease is a Tree, whereof we cannot number the branches nor the leaves. I had forgotten to say that there are some which fear and hate their most familiar and greatest friends: others that cannot endure any man, and fear nothing so much as to be seen. Some have fear of all creatures whatsoever; or of some in particucular: those which have been bitten by madde-Dogges are wonderfully afraid of Water. To conclude how many particular fantasies and diseases soever there be of melancholic humours, so many sorts of frenzies there be. But it is a general thing almost in all persons, touched with any melancholic humour, troubling the brain simply moved with strange fumes, which proceed from this venomous humour, or augmented by some new accident as the biting of madde-Dogges, by extraordinary illusions, or otherwise, to grow fearful, especially of things which are in no sort to befeared.  
Now it remains, that we produce some notable Histories of our Times, touching these passions. My intention in the report of them, is to show how much we ought to fear our own miseries, to remember ourvanities, and to think that GOD needs not to seek far for any rods to scourge us, seeing that we carry them in our own bowels, that death is in this vessel of our bodies and that our souls are in miserable captivity, if the light of grace & heavenly truth doth not shine incessantly upon them.  
In our time a Gentleman fell into such an humour of melancholy, as it was not possible in the extremity of his sickness to change an opinion he had, that he was dead: so as if his friends and servants came to flatter, entreat or press him to take some nourishment or physic, he rejected all, ●…aying that the dead had no need of such things. Six days passed without receiving of any food, and the seventh being come (which is mortal to hungry bodies) his friends devised a policy to free him of this fantasy. His Chamber being artificially made dark, they caused certain men to enter into it, being masked and clothed in white sheets, tied up like unto them that are buried.  
The table was covered with meat; wherewith these masked Men began to fill themselves, making little noise but with their chaps and drinking hard. The sick man seeing this sport, demanded what they were, and what they did there? They answered him that they were deadmen, which made good cheer. How then saith the sick Man, do dead men eat? ay, said they and with a good stomach. If you will be of the company, you shall see that we speak the truth. Presently the sick man shakes his ears, leaps out of his bed, and begins to feed with these deadmen with a good stomach. Having drunk well sleep takes him, with the help of a drink which they had prepared for him and given him in this banquet of dead men. This was the means to purge him of his Melancholy. LEVINUS LEMNINUS. cap. 6. lib. 2. of the complexions of man's body. The like History is read in JOVIANUS PONTANUS, lib. 4. cap. 2. Of Wisdom.  
Another supposing that he had a nose not only a foot but many feet, yea many fathom long, and that he carried an Elephants trounke, the which was very heavy, and hindered him much as he said, believing constantly that his nose touched the Sauce and Dishes that came to the Table: a Wiseman being called to assist him, and fitting himself unto his humour, he cunningly held a gut of blood to the Patient's nose and laying hold of his nose withal, he cut this gu●…te with a razor, then suddenly giving a sleeping drink unto the sick man, when he awaked he made him believe that this great increase of his nose had been cut off, and having prescribed him a good rule for his diet, he cured him of his melancholy. LEVIN. LEM. in the same book and chapter.  
An other troubled with an Hypocondriacke Melancholy, persuaded thimselfes that Toads and Frogs did eat his belly: and there was no means to take from him this opinion. In the end his Physician said unto him, that he did verily believe, that there was some such vermin in his body. thereupon he gives him a purgation: and causeth some Frogs and to ades to be cunningly conveyed into his close stool, The Physic having wrought they presently show the Patient his excrements, and these little beasts swimming above it, the which purged the Melancholy, that did possess him. LEVINUS LEMNIUS in the above named Treatise.  
An other supposing that his buttocks were of Glass, could not be persuaded to sit down for any business whatsoever, fearing that if he did sit down upon any Chair or stool, his buttocks would break, and that the pieces would fly here and there. In the same Treatise.  
I have seen a Melancholic Man, which did imagine that all the superficies of the world was very fine glass, that the part under it was all full of Serpents, and that his bed was as it were in an Island, from whence if he did stir, he should break the glass and fall among the serpents: and therefore it was not possible to draw him from thence. JOHN BAPTISTA MONTANUS in his councils of Physic.  
A Bourguignon being sick of a burning fever at Paris, did affirm that he was dead, and then his fantasy coming to change, he entreated the Physicians not to hinder his soul (which was in Purgatory) from flying into paradise. Sometimes he did counterfeit one that was dying and giving up the ghost: then he would say, look how I die: then afterwards he was surprised with despair, and with a wonderful strange fear. They caused him to have the hemorrhoids and with other fit remedies they recovered him his health. Comment: upon the 17. chap. of the 2. book of M. I. HOULIER, of inward diseases.  
It is an ordinary thing in melancholic men and such as are troubled in the brain, not to sleep and to continue in that estate many days and nights: as it happened to one, who was 14. whole months without sleep. FERNELIUS. lib. 5. of his Panthologia. cap. 2.  
Two Italian Gentlemen, tormented with a melancholic humour, and sometimes with a falling sickness, so as they could not rest, the one for some days, the other for six months together, always crying, and without any fever, were soon cured by me in eight days, by sleeping lotions, distilled upon the head, and drink made of Crisolite, beaten to powder and infused in wine, that afterwards they were never troubled with these infirmities. CARDAN in his book of admirable Cures. Cure the 3.  
A melancholic man running in the night through the streets, was by chance hurt in the thigh, and having lost much of his blood, was eased and cured by that means, HOULIER in his Commentary upon the 6. book of HIPOCRATES Aphorisms. Apho. 21.  
A goldsmiths widow at Lions oppressed with extreme melancholy, by reason of sundry griefs after her husband's death, did trouble them much to keep her in her sickness. And yet they could not watch her so narrowly, but one day in the turning of a hand she cast herself out of a high Chamber window upon the pavement in the street Rasin, where she was sore hurt in the head, so as she lost great abundance of blood, and by this means recovered her right wits, and within few days was cured of this fall. The which happened within these five and twenty or thirty years. Extracted out of my memorials.  
A German remaining at Paris in the street of Noyers', seized with a melancholic humour and transported with madness, in the night he cut his own throat with a knife, and stabbed himself in many places of the breast and belly, whereof some entered, and the other were but superficial. The next day some of his companions going to see him in the house of a Banker called PEROT where he was in pension, they found him thus dressed, with a great abundance of blood lying about him. Seeing this spectacle, they thought his servant had thus hurt him, for that he lay in his Chamber. He is taken and carried prisoner to the Chastelet, charging him to have thus murdered his Master I was sent for to visit & to dress him, and seeing the windpipe and the mouth of the stomach cut, with many other wounds I had no hope of his life. And therefore I advised them to send for STEPHEN RIVIERE, the King's ordinary Surgeon, and german CHEVAL a sworn Surgeon at Paris, where we concluded amongst us, to sow up the wound of his throat, the which being done and bound up, the German began presently to speak confessing that he himself had committed that excess and discharging his poor servant of the fact in our presence, and of many others, especially of two Notaries, and a commissary of the Chastelet: by this means the servant was set at liberty and freely discharged by his masters confession, who lived four days, but could never swalloe any sustenance, being somewhat nourished by nutritive glisters, and odoriferous things that did norrish, as the crumbs of a hot loaf steeped in wine, and others like. M. AM●…. PARE. lib. 9 Cap. 31.  
A maker of Serges called STEPHEN, a quiet man and a good workman in his trade, having suffered a melancholic humour to cease upon him, breeding fear and distrust in him, in the day time he gave himself certain thursts in the belly with a knife, going to that end to a garden of his Being thus hurt, he returned to his chamber causing himself to be laid in his bed and thinking of his conscience he humbles himself before God, craves pardon for all his sins, but especially for that, presevers in his repentance and confession, in the presence of many, which did visit him for some days that he did Languish I was one of them, and did see him wonder-fully moved with the words that were used unto him, as well in regard of his sins as of God's mercies, in the apprehension whereof he did quietly yield up his soul, in a Town where he had long continued and remained. Drawn out off my Memorials.  
JOHN CRAVEQVIN an Advocate in the presidial Court at Bourges, a man of a good spirit and a great practitioner, but very ignorant of the written Law, and of all good learning, having in the year 1533. been employed in the pursuit of some causes to please the appetite of a most wicked man, which abused him, he fell sick of a Melancholic humour, and a wonderful strange Frenzy, imagining all that was brought unto him to be crawling Serpents: so as after they had tried all remedies in vain, and brought Witches and Sorcerers unto him, in the end he became stark mad and died in that estate. Histories of our Time under FRANCIS the 1.  
another learned man, making profession of the Civil Law, having done some act unworthy of his learning and judgement, was so possessed with a Melancholic humour and with a frenzy, that being fallen sick, without any great affliction in his body, for his nourishment he did eat his own excrements, and having languished in this misery some time, he died without any repentance. Histories of our Times.  
A Gentleman very aged and temperate fell into a continual fever, in the month of july, 1574. & then into a frenzy, casting himself ou●… of a window of the second Story of his house, and fell upon the neck of Mons. VATERRE ordinary physician to the Duke of Alen●…on & then to the ground, where he hurt his ●…ibs, & made a great con●…usion upon the bone Ischion: Being carried back unto his bed he recovered his right wits, by a transport of the matter which caused the frenzy, Even so of late a Gascon beesicke of a burning Fever fell into a frenzy being lodged in the street called Pavee at Paris, in the night he cast himself out at a window into the street, and was hurt in many places of his body, to whom I was called to dress him, suddenly being laid in his bed, he began to talk sensibly, and to lose his mad fits, so as within a while after he was quite cured. Mons. d'Ortoman a Doctor and the King's professor in the university of Mont pellier did assuer me that a Miller remaining of Broquiers in Albigeois grown frantic, threw himself out at a windo into the water, from whence being drawn, he presently lost his frenzy. Master AMB. PARE, the last Chapter, of his introduction to Surgery.  
ANNE, Nurse to PETER, Son to Master FRANCIS BIORD, Lieutenaxnt to the Provost of Air, a young woman of a hot and dry constitution, being touched in the sharpest time of winter with a frenzy on the left side, and a sharp fever, her breath being short having stitches in her side, and spitting nothing, almost but blood, fell into a madness the seventh day, whereupon she riseth out of her bed, opens her coffer, where by mischance there was sum Mercury, and swaloes down a bout half a dram, and then she gives herself many wounds with a knife in the belly and the thighs. The same day about midnight, she runs all naked unto a window and cast herself down into a Court paved with very hard stone: and there remains with out any feeling, with out speech, and with out Pulse, stiff with cold (for it was in the winter time) until that the servants of the house, desirous to know what she did, came unto her bed, where finding her not they cried out; In the end they found her in that miserable estate, the carry her into her chamber and call for me▪ for that I then dwelled near. I ran thither with her mistress, a virtuous gentlewoman, who entreats me to do what possibly I could. Although I had little hope yet more to make a trial then otherwise, I used all diligence and applied divers remedies, so as she came again to herself and by little and little I got heat in her: I provided both outwardly and inwardly for the sublimate, the which had ulcered both her mouth and her throat▪ and to stay a flux which this poison had caused, finally at the end of 6. weeks she was wholly cured of all her grief by the special favour of GOD, and was after wards more healthful than ever she had been before. FR. VALLERIOLA in the eight observation of the first book.  
A Roman woman grown melancholic for that she had been married against her will to one whom she loved not, and smothering her fury with a sad silence, M. ANTHONY BRASAVOLE a Ferrarois, an excellent Physician of our time, tried to divert this humour by many remedies, which prevailed nothing. And therefore he advised himself of a physical policy, whereof he gave notice unto the husband, who yielded unto it, her parents and kinsfolks coming to visit her on a festival day, BRUSAVOLE enters into the Chamber salutes her lovingly as if she had been his wife and approacheth to kiss her, she being young and strong thrusts him back: he contynues it with vehemency, and she pulls of his Cap, and all that BRASAVOLE carried on his head, fitting for his age and the fashion of that time and casts it to the ground. All the company breaks out into a great Laughter at this spectacle. The young woman thinking that this Physician (being an old man,) had been drunk, began also to laugh with open throat. After which time her melancholy began to leave her. THOMAS ZVINGER in the seventh volume of his theatre. li. 2. A man of some worth about forty years old, haunted with a spirit, felt it coming, the blood be beginning to boil in his breast, his sight grew dim and presently a dizines took him, than would he begin to cry out, and to beat and torment himself, so as they had great trouble to hold him. Although they had let him blood on the right arm, and drawn much blood from him, yet this frenzy decreased not. He repeated many verses by heart, song, cried out amain, danced, and sought to cast himself down head▪ long: so as they were constrained to tie him fast, and to keep a good guard over him. Having given him fit and convenient physic in the end he recovered his health. But after some weeks he fell into the same disease, finally for that the thick fumes of blood did not ascend any more in quantity to the head, the frenzy ceased: but he fell to spit blood with a vehement ●…oughe, and then to spit out his lungs: so as his first disease ended with a consumption, whereof he died. M. RREM●…ERT DO●…ONEVS in his Physical observations. obser. 10.  
I was called to visit a young man a jew, called RAPHAEL, about the evening. He was covered with swellings or kinds of Anthracs in divers parts of his body: among others he had a great one in his neck, the which grew presently little again, and then RAPHAEL began to laugh, and would open a vain to them of the Company, with a key which he held in his hand, but this folly turned suddenly into fury: for he would have beaten us all, running up and down, and tearing all that came in his hands, being so strong in this fit, as six able and lusty men could hardly hold him: having applied some remedies, I retired myself and came the next day to visit him, being the last of April. 1538. I found him reasonable quiet: but after dinner he had so great a desire to sleep, that such as did assist him could by no means keep him from it. First the hot matter caused the frenzy, and then the cold had his turn. Being freed from this sound sleep, he hegan by fits to beat his sides, and continued four hours in an ecstasy, running like one that were possessed with an evil spirit.  
During this time he counterfeited the voices of birds and of four-footed beasts, he spoke betwixt his teeth and had extraordinary motions▪ so as it rather seemed a miracle, than any thing proceeding of a natural cause. He was thus tormented twice a day, and the entry of this motion came from the flanks, his grief ●…aking him at the failing of the body; which past, you would have said, that the young man had suffered no pain. He would not use any more Physic, his servants saying that he had been bewitched, and causing him to use preservatives against witch craft, the which did him no good. Then they changed their opinions, giving it out that he had the Devil in his body, causing him to be exercised, but in vain: for it was a disease, which is expelled by good remedies, or through continuance of time. As it happened, that after eight months he recovered his health, and so hath continued since. BRASAVOLE in his comment upon the 65. Aphorism of the 5. book of HIPPOCRATES.  
I did lately see a man who might serve for a pattern to any one that would paint Melancholy itself. Having married about the beginning of july a lusty young Woman, he abandoned himself with such vehemency to the act of Venery, as after some days he fell mad. I caused him to be chained, using many lotions for his head to refresh his brain and to provoke him to sleep, and with the help of a good diet, I restored him but not in such sort, as I would have trusted him much, for his heavy eyes presaged nothing but fury. JACCHIN in his Comment upon the ninth Book of Rasis cap. 15.  
There are three kinds of sharp rave: the one is when as in the extremity of a Fever the sick person doth rave, and speak strange things. The other called frenzy, is always accompanied with folly: for although the sick body, hath respites less troublesome at one time then at any other, yet he hath always his understanding carried away by fantasies. The third is more dangerous, when as the folly hath no respittes: but doth all things furiously and with violence. A young Gentlewoman being fallen into this third kind of raving, I was called about midnight to visit her, and found her in that same fury, so as she leapt violently sometimes of one side, sometimes of another, and all that she could lay hold of, she pulled in pieces, or tore it with her teeth: were it the hair, the arms or hands of herself, or of any other, or whatsoever she laid hold on she carried away the piece, so as they were fain to chain her, that she might do no more harm to herself, nor to any other. After some hours, this tempest being somewhat appeased, she fell into a sound sleep. In the end through diverse remedies, the which she did take with great difficulty, she recovered her former health. But after the manner of women (especially of Gentlewomen) not caring to follow those directions that were prescribed her, for the preservation of her health, but living at pleasure, a month after she fell into the same disease, and within 24. hours after died, notwithstanding any means that could be used. BENIVENIUS chap. 99 of his book Entitled, The hidden causes of things.  
A man being somewhat above thirty years old, in the day time was very well, having his understanding good, and his judgement perfect: but night being come, if he went to bed and slept, presently he entered into a frenzy, sometimes he cried out with all the force he could, he flourished with his arms and his legs, sometimes he did rise, leap, and run up and down the house, if he were not stayed. Being awake, and day come, he returned to his perfect sense, managed his affairs discreetly: of a settled spirit, hating solitariness, and loving to discourse with his friends and familiars. DODONEUS in his observations.  
DANIEL FREDERICK a maker of Kettles, dwelling at Fribourg in Brisgaw, of the age of 27. years, was dangerously possessed, being carried over tops of houses, where he did climb up and run without any apprehension of the hazard of his life. They were forced to tie him with chains. After some months, GOD did ease him mercifully, by the help of the great veins, which did appear in his thighs, the which being wonderfully swelled, and in the end opened, he was eased. And since every year unto the 50. of his age, which was in the year 1581. using a fit incision in the said veins, he hath pevented a relapse, without the which remedy he could not have con●…inued in health. SCHEN●…IVS in the 240. observation of the first book of his learned and diligent Annotations.  
To the former Histories, we will join some, touching the Licanthropes and madmen, the which we will consider of two sorts. For there be Licanthropes in whom the melancholic humour doth so rule, as they imagine themselves to be transformed into Wolves. This disease as AETIUS doth witness lib. 6. Chap. 11. and PAULUS lib. 3. Chap. 16 with other late writers, is a kind of melancholic, but very black and vehement: for such as are touched therewith, go out of their houses in February, counterfeit Wolves in a manner in all things, and all night do nothing but run into Churchyards, and about graves, so as you shall presently discover in them a wonderful alteration of the brain, especially in the imagination and thought, which is miserably corrupted, in such sort, as the memory hath some force: as I have observed in one of these melancholic Licanthropes, whom we call Wolves: for he that knew me well, being one day troubled with his disease, and meeting me, I r●…tired myself a part, fearing that he should hurt me. Having eyed me a little, he passed on, being followed by a troop of people. He carried then upon his shoulders the whole thigh and the leg of a dead man. Being carefully looked unto, he was cured of this disease. Meeting me another time, he asked me if I had not been afeard, when as he encountered me in such a place, which makes me to think that his memory was not hurt nor impaired, in the vehemency of his disease, although his imagination were much. DONAT de HAUTEMER, Chap. 9 of his Treatise of the cure of Diseases.  
WILLIAM of BRABANT writes in his History, that a man of a settled judgement, was sometimes so tormented with an evil spirit, that at a certain season of the year, he imagined himself to be a ravening Wolf, running up and down the Woods, Caves and Deserts, especially after young Children. Moreover he saith, that this man was often found running in the Deserts, like a man out of his wits, and that in the end by the grace of GOD, he came to himself again, and was cured.  
There was also as JOB FINCEL reports, in his 2. Book of Miracles, a Countryman near unto Pavia, in the year 1541. who thought himself to be a Wolf, setting upon divers men in the fields, and slew some. In the end being with great difficulty taken, he did constantly affirm that he was a Wolf, and that there was no other difference, but that Wolves were commonly hairy without, and he was betwixt the skin and the flesh. Some (too barbarous and cruel Wolves in effect) desiring to try the truth thereof, gave him many wounds upon the arms and legs: but knowing their own error, and the innocency of the poor melancholy man, they committed him to the Surgeons to cure, in whose hands he died within few days after. Such as are afflicted with that disease, are pale, their eyes are hollow, and they see ill, their tongue is dry, they are much altered, and are without much spittle in the mouth. PLINY and others write, that the brain of a Bear provokes brutish imaginations. And he saith, that in our time some made a Spanish Gentleman eat thereof, whose fantasy was so troubled, as he imagined that he was transformed it to a Bear, flying into the Mountains and deserts. I. wire, lib. 4. Chap. 13. Of Devilish devices.  
As for those Licanthropes, which have the imagination so impaired and hurt, that beside by some particular power of Satan, they seem Wolves and not Men, to them that see them run, doing great spoil. BODIN disputes very amply in his Demonomania. lib. 2. Chap. 3. where he maintains, that the Devil may change the figure of one body into another, considering the great power which GOD hath given him in this elementary world. He maintains that there be Licanthropes transformed really from Men into Wolves, alleging divers examples and Histories to that purpose. In the end, after many arguments, he maintains the one and the other sort of Lycanthropia. And as for this represented in the end of this Chapter, the conclusion of his discourse was, that men are sometimes changed into Beasts, the humane reason remaining: whether it be done by the power of GOD immediately, or that this power is given to Satan, the executioner of his will, or rather of his fearful judgements▪ And if we confess (saith he) the truth of the holy writ in DANIEL, touching the transformation of NABUCHODONOSER, and of the History of LOT'S wife, changed into an immovable Pillar, it is certain, that the change of a Man into an Ox, or into a Stone is possible, and by consequence possible into all other creatures. But for that BODIN cities PEUCER touching the transformation of the Pilappiens, and doth not relate plainly that which he doth observe worthy of consideration upon that subject, I will transcribe it as it is contained in his learned work, entitled. A Commentary of the principal sorts of divinations. lib. 4. Cap. 9 according to the French edition. In the rank and number of Ecstatiques, are put those which they call Licaons' and Licanthropes', which imagine themselves to be changed into Wolves, and in their form run up and down the fields, falling upon troops of great and small cattle, tear in pieces what they encounter, and go roaring up and down Churchyards and sepulchres. In the forth book of HERODOTUS, there is a passage touching the Neuriens, a people of Scythia, who transformed themselves into Wolves, the which he saith, he could not believe, not with-standing any report that was made unto him. For my part, I have held it fabulous and ridiculous, that which hath been often reported of this transformation of men into Wolves. But I have learned by certain and tried signs, and by witnesses worthy of credit, that they be not things altogether invented, and incredible, which are spoken of such transformations, which happen every year twelve days after Christmas in Livonia and the Countries thereabout: as they have learned by their confessions which have been imprisoned and tormented for such crimes. Behold how they report it to be done. Presently after that Christmas day is past, a lame Boy goes through the Country, and calls the devils slaves together, being in great numbers, and enjoins them to follow him. If they stay any thing, then presently comes a great man, holding a whip made of little chains of Iron, wherewith he makes them to advance, and sometimes he handles these wretches so roughly, as the marks of his whip stick long by them, and puts them that have been beaten to great pain. Being upon the way, behold they are all (as it seems to them) changed and transformed into Wolves. They are thousands of them together, having for their conductor and guide this Whippe-carrier, after whom they march, imagining that they are become Wolves. Being in the open champain Countries, they fall upon such troops of cattle as they find, tear them in pieces, and carry away what they can, committing many other spoils: but they are not suffered to touch nor to hurt any reasonable creature. When they approach near unto any River, their guide, (say they) divides the water with his whip, so as they seem to open, and to leave a dry path betwixt both to pass through. At the end of twelve days, all the troop is dispersed, and every one returns unto his house, having laid away his Wolves form, and taken that of Man again. This transformation (say they) is done after this manner. Those which are transformed fall suddenly to the ground, like unto them that have the Falling-sickness, and remain like dead men, void of all feeling. They stir not from thence, neither go into any other place, neither are they transformed into Wolves, but are like unto dead carcases: for although you shake them and roll them up and down, yet they make no show of life. From thence is sprung an opinion, that the souls taken out the bodies, enter into these fantosmes or visions, running with the shapes of Wolves: then when the work enterprised by the Devil is finished, they return into their bodies which then recover life. The Licanthropes themselves confirm this opinion, confessing that the bodies do not leave their humane form, neither yet receive that of a Wolf: but only that the souls are thrust out of their prisons, and fly into Wolves bodies, by whom they are carried for a time. Others have maintained, that lying in Irons in a Dungeon, they have taken the form of a Wolf, and have gone to find out their companions many days journey off. Being examined how they could get out off a strong and close prison? Why they have returned, and how they could pass over Rivers that were large and deep? They answered, that no Irons, walls, nor doors, could hinder their getting out: that they returned by constraint, and that they did fly over Rivers, and run by land.  
Hitherto I have set down the words of Doctor PEUCER, the which show, that this transformation of Licanthropes, nor that of Sorcerers mentioned by BODIN, have no affinity with the transmutation of the King of Babylon, nor with that of LOT'S wife: and that in this Lycanthropia, there are manifest illusions of Satan, the which ought not to be confounded with apparent testimonies of GOD'S visitation upon some persons: as the Divines which have expounded these Histories, do show more at large. Moreover, JOHN wire is of a contrary opinion unto BODIN touching the Licanthropes whereof we speak, and disputes at large thereof, in the sixth Book of Devilish devices, Chapter thirteenth and fourteenth: where he manifestly denies BODINS' real transformation, and doth maintain that it is only in the fantasy troubled by the indisposition of the person, and by the ill●…sion of Satan. But we will leave their controversy to such as will look into it, and will propound some examples touching madmen. There are two kinds. Some grow so by the poison of the melancholic humour, as well throughout all the body, as principally in the brain, the which being not redressed in time, simple melancholy becomes frenzy, that fu●…y, and in the end rage, which is fearful and not to be cured, whereof M. PHTER SALIUS and MARCELLUS DONATUS learned Physicians do entreat, and propound some histories. Let us speak after them, and serve them as an Interpreter to our Frenchmen. It is a question if the venomous humour called Rage, the which breeds in so many sorts of creatures, which impart it unto man, as we know, may begin by man himself, and have inward beginnings, without any accidental contagion without. Reason makes us to yield to this opinion, seeing that by the consent of all men, mortal poisons may be engendered within man: that rage should not be excluded out of this rank, man differing from a Serpent, which spits poison, no more then from other beasts, which are subject unto madness. But for that the Ancients for the most part have held, that no man could grow mad, if he had not been touched without by some other person or Beast that was mad it seems we should not lightly stray from their opinions, notwithstanding seeing that experience may resolve this difficulty, I will relate what mine eyes have seen. A woman six and thirty years old, troubled with a continual fever, called me to help her. I found her seized of a pestilent ague, I gave her Physic, so as eleven days after she was cured. Eleven days after that she was troubled with a grievous flux and an ague. I was called, and began to encounter this disease, the which I surmounted within seven days after. There remained yet some relics of a fever, the which seeking to take away, this woman fell so to abhor all Liquors, as not only she loathed all Physical potions and all drinks for her refection, but she could not endure that any one should drink in her presence. I knew by this accident alone that she was touched with rage, the which did so increase as she could not endure they should bring any light into her Chamber: in regard of her feeding, detesting all drinks and all liquid Physic. And for that her fever and the tediousness of her disease, would not suffer her to maintain herself well with solid meats she became exceeding feeble; but she languished seven days after that she had begun to reject all drink and Liquid notrishment. I found in her no other cause of defect, but only this disdain of drinking and taking that which was Liquid. Neither did she complain of any thing, but when they presented it unto her; then should you see her move herself, after a strange manner. Except this, it was a very quiet infirmity: and ask her if she had ever been touched with the teeth of any mad Dog, her answer was, that no Dog had ever touched her, having had none in her house, nor been in company where any was. Having inquired of her Mother, if never Dog had touched her Daughter at any time in all her life: she assured me no. This made me to doubt, whether one by internal principles, and of their own corruption) might not become mad. For having in this infirmity no conjecture of Contagion without, and this fear of drink and liquid things, being not conjoined with the accidents which are accustomed to accompany them that are bitten with mad Beasts: I did conjecture that this disease grew from some internal cause, which was not so violent, coming not by the outwards parts, through the biting of some enraged Beast: if we will not say that the force thereof was quenched by the counterpoisons that were given her in the cure of her pestilent fever: and by reason of her apparent and great evacuation of bad humours in the dysentery or flux. Besides this experience, I was confirmed by the authority of CAELIUS AURELIANUS, writing that sometimes one grows mad with out any apparent cause: and by the History which SORANUS reports, saying that he had seen an Infant which did abhor the nurses breasts, without any precedent Contagion. PETRUS SALIUS in his Book of particular diseases.  
It happened in the year 1573. In September, that GABRIEL NOVARE, a man of fifty years of age and a widower, living in the Duke of Mantovas' Country, being at dinner, he felt something, he knew not what to grate his windpipe. He began to take the glass to ●…ase him of this pain, but he could by no means possible swallow that which troubled him within. Being angry with himself, he runs to a pail of Water to drink with his hand; but approaching to it with his mouth he fell backward: he riseth speedily, goes his way, and doth not sup that night. The next day, both at dinner and at supper, he feels the like accident. The third day he came to me on horse back; and by the way as he road he did eat some store of grapes at his pleasure. Having understood all from him, to know his grief exactly, I offer to his mouth at two or three several times, a glass full of Water. I call my friends to see and behold this spectacle; at every time his heart pants and swells, he trembles, he faints, and seems like one that were strangled. When I draw back the glass, he recovers his spirrites, understands and discourseth: shows himself vigorous: hath no fever: is without pain, all his functions are whole and perfect: only he cannot drink. I prescribed him counterpoisons; but within three days he dies, I search, I sound, I consider all, yet find no apparent cause of this Accident. MARCELLUS DONATUS lib. 6. Chap. 1. of the admirable Histories in Physic.  
In the year 1574. in the month of May, the Wife of BLAIS●… de VOLD, named MAGDELEINE, felt one day a pain in her neck, and then in her right arm. The next day she kept her bed, for that her arm besides the pain did begin to shake. This pain ceased the third day, but she fell to have a shaking over all the parts of her body, than she had a desire to vomit without any effect, she sweat and seemed as if she had been smothered. When they presented unto her any Wine, Water or any Coullis, than she had Convulsions and fayntings: she would eat eggs and bread well. Her alteration was great; her principal faculties were whole and very perfect, and so were her exterior senses: her spirit was calm, and her speech mild. You would have said she had had no fever at all. The Surgeon of the place made many diwlsions, yet she died the fifth day. The same Author.  
In February 1575. DOMINIQVE PANCAULD, a young maiden of 16. years of age, having seen some with their swords drawn ready to fight, was terrified, so as in the night she fell into a violent fever: presently she had blisters about her lips. Twelve hours after her fi●…, she grew amazed, and twelve hours after that it seemed unto her that her fever was gone. She did rise, being lame of her left arm: when any one did touch her, she felt a pain in her side, as if one had stabbed her to the heart with a Poniard, so as she would faint away. There was nothing omitted to ease her. The fourth day, a shaking doth force her to go to bed: her pain increaseth, she hath a desire to cast, she turns on every side without stay, she foams at the mouth, she can endure no light, she weeps, cries out, is amazed, and drives away all them of the house. They offer her drink, she pulls her head back, she abhors drink, falls into soundings, and yet sometimes she talks sensibly, then afterwards she begins to make a noise with her teeth, fails of her speech, and gives up the ghost the 5. day. The same Author.  
In the year 1576. in june, DOMINIKE BERET, a Countryman, married, and a lusty able man 37 years old, felt for eight days together a pain in his arm, not knowing how this grief came, yet he did not forbeate to work, having no fever. A day after (being the ninth) being desirous to have a mess of Pottage to his supper, a shaking seized on him, so as he went to bed without any supper, about midnight a fear seized on him, so as he could not contain himself, but amazed and starting up, he cried out, and began to entreat them that were about him to hold him, and he for his part thought himself glued unto them. Early in the morning they go for Council to a Physician that was neereby; who prescribed him to take a decoction of wild Chichoree the which he vomited up soon after that he had taken it, with some clods of blood as they said: coming to see him after dinner, I drew them of the house apart, the Curate of the place, and others that were there assembled. I said unto them, you shall presently see strange things; which is, that this patient will not drink although you press him, and if he tries to do it, he shall fall into a swoon, and die presently. They brought him a glass and offered him drink; the which he refused with horror, and offering to force him, his heart fainted: whereat all were wonderfully amazed, and much more, when as they did see him four hours after giving up the Ghost, after that he had been disquieted with an unequal and inconstant trembling, having cried without ceasing, been much distempered, and sweat all over great drops but on the extremities which were cold, moreover in a strange raving, accompanied with devilish apparitions, as he said. The same Author.  
The eight of April 1579. JAMES PIVE labourer, a young man married, sound and strong, coming out of the field to his house, without any apparent cause going before, began to sweat at night, and felt his heart, as it were pinched and full of pain. In the night he did shake and tremble by fi●…ts, casting himself out of his bed, crying out continually and sweeting. The Surgeon of the place gave him early in the morning a counterpoison. Being called at night to see him, I knew that it was a sharp disease, and again I did advertise them which did assist him, that he would abhor●…e all kind of drink, and that undoubtedly he would soon die. The which was soon verified, for having drink offered him, he began to torment himself and to faint away: the drink being carried away, he presently came again to himself. He couldnot endure any one to touch him, and if any one approached near him, he would cry out. They durst not (how softly soever) wipe his face that sweat. Night being come he would make his will, but the sweats and Convulsions which increased, hindered him. Some hours after he died in good sense. The same Author.  
There is an other kind of rage proceeding of an external cause, that is to say, of the biting of mad Beasts, whereof we must speak some thing, and produce Histories according to our intention: to descover our miseries more and more, and to induce us to fly devoutly to the merciful protection of almighty God. Behold what learned FERNELIUS says, namely in respect of madde-dogges which bite men; a maddedogge in biting doth cast forth some spittle or venomous humour, the which peercing by the part that is touched, doth suddenly corrupt the spirits, the blood and the humours, then doth it slide by little and little into the principal parts, but so slowly as the disease is not descovered till three weeks after, sometimes after a year, and that but doubtfully. During this respite of time, the patient feels no fever, nor any pain, he fears not death at all, the which he carries in his bowels. But when the vennom by succession of time is come unto the heart, all the other Noble parts are as is were tickled; the sick man grows wayward, he can neither stand nor sit; he behaves himself like a madman▪ scratcheth his face, and bites every man, the foam comes out at his mouth, he looks wildly, is tormented with a great fever, he is extremely altered and dry, yet he doth so abhor Water and all other Liquor, as he had rather die then drink or be plunged in any River. These miseries in the end oppress him, and dep●…iue him of life. Book the 2 of the hidden causes of things.  
This vennom is extremely hot in the forth degree, as experience doth witness: for having one day caused the body of a certain man to be opened, being dead of such an accident, they found three remarkeble things. First there was no moisture at all in the mouth of the stomach to refresh the heart with all, but it had been all consumed by this burning poison. Secondly the ventricles of the heart were dry and without blood. Thirdly they did observe, that a piece of the mouth of the stomach was almost burnt and reduced to powder. JEROSME CAPIVACCIUS lib. 7. of his practice Chap. 12.  
I have seen a young Child, which never felt the hurt, nor complained till eight months after the biting, but as soon as it descovered itself the Child died. FRACASTOR. lib. 2. of contagious diseases Chap. 10. Sometimes the biting is so sharp and violent, together with the apprehension of the parties offended, as death follows soon after, as I have seen in many, namely in a Mint-man, called MARTIN BUTIN, and a schoolmaster named ROBERT. On a winter day about ten years since, going early in the morning from their houses, the one to work at the Mint, the other to teach certain scholars, they were one after an other bitten by a mad Dog, and had much ado to free themselves from him. The same day they went to their beds, and died within a while after in good sense, having had many troublesome and pitiful fits. The one was my Neighbour, and I did often visit him: he took delight to hear talk of his Salvation, and died most Christianlike, and so did the other. But my Neighbour at my coming in unto him cried out that I should not come near him, if I would not have him bite me. Once not thinking of it, for the compassion I had of his torment, (for sometimes he did howl like unto a Dog,) approaching nearer unto him than I was accustomed, he suddenly reached out to get hold of mine arm with his teeth: whereof he failed, for that his motion was not so quick as mine. Hepresently acknowledged his error, and asked me forgiveness, imputing it to the vehemency of his pain. As often as I think of that which I did see in the sickness of these two good men, so often doth my Soul tremble, crying out. Lord thou hast been our refuge from one generation to another. etc.  
And that which follows in the 91. Psalm, not meaning notwithstanding to condemn those, whom the wisdom of GOD (who is just and merciful) will visit thus in this world, for with what rods soever he means to chastise those that belong unto his Son, his eternal grace fails them not, but they enter by all gates, (how hideous soever they seem to humane sense) into the Palace of happy life and assured glory. Extracted out of my Memorials. I was called early in a morning in the year 1543. to go see a Gentleman called ALEXANDER BRASQVE, with some other Physicians. He would by no means drink: and as we did inquire of the cause of his sickness, those which did tend him did confess, that he had kissed a certain Dog of his, which he loved very well, before he sent him to be drowned, for that he was mad. He died the next day, as I had foretold. CARDAN in the first Treatise, lib. 2. contradict. 9  
A Peasant become mad, and hearing that he had not long to live in the world, made great instance to them that kept him, and held him straightly bound (for he had some quiet seasons, during the which he spoke sensibly) that he might be suffered once to kiss his children for his last farewell. This being granted him, he kissed his children, and so died: but the seventh day following, his children became mad, and after sundry torments, they died as their Father had done. Master PAUMIER in his Treatise of contagious diseases, pag. 266. I have seen yet more Horses, Oxen, Sheep, and other Cattle, have become mad and died so, having eaten a little Straw, whereon mad Swine had line. In the same Treatise, 267.  
ADAM SCHVEIDTLIN a Surgeon, did assure me for certain, that about thirty year since, at Hassuelsel in Bavaria, a Knight going to Horseback was bitten by the foot by a mad Dog, whereof he made no account, but a year and a half after he began to grow mad: so as he bit the flesh of his own arms, and was not apparently sick but two days. ●…OHN BAUHIN Doctor of Physic at Basill, in his learned History of mad Wolves running about Montbeliard, in the year 1590.  
In the year 1535. a certain Host in the Duchy of Wirtemberg, served his guests at the Table with Swine's flesh, the which a mad Dog had bitten▪ after they had eaten of this flesh, they all fell mad. History of Germany. Certain Huntsmen having slain a Wolf, made sundry dishes of meat of the flesh, but all that did eat of it became mad, and died miserably. FERNEL lib. 2. Of the hidden causes of things. Chap. 14. I have observed that the biting of mad Wolves causeth Beasts to die presently, that are touched with their teeth, Master PAUMIER in his Treatise of Contagious Diseases. Many have noted that Wolves although they be not mad, yet (by reason of their fury and ordinary violence, which appears by their sparkling eyes, and their insatiable devouring) they make the flesh of Beasts, which they bite or kill, to be very dangerous, if it be kept any time▪ A famous Prince did swear unto me, that one of his Pages having found at a certain Gentleman's house, a Rapier hidden under a bed, wherewith some years before they had slain a mad Dog, he entreated him to give it him: which done, going about to make it clean, and to scour it, being rusty in divers places, by mischance he hurt himself a little in one of his fingers, whereof he fell mad, and died before they could foresee and prevent the danger. ESAYE MEICHNER Physician, in his Observations. There was seen in Portugal a Man bitten with a mad Dog, the which lay hidden three years, at the end whereof it appeared, and he died thereof. AMATUS A Portugal Physician in his seventh century, Cure. 41. BALDUS a famous Lawyer playing with a little Dog of his that was mad, not knowing it, was slightly bitten on the lip, the which he regarded not. But after four months, he died furious and mad, and there was no means to help him, for that he died, not seeking to prevent it in time. Master AMBROSE PARE lib. 20. Chap. 21.  
In the same place he propounds diverse remedies against the biting of a mad Dog, the which he thinks available, if any one of them be used presently: and he saith, that he hath cured many that have been so bitten. Among others, he specifieth this example following. One of the Daughters of Mistress GRONBORNE at Paris, was bitten with a mad Dog, in the midst of her right leg, where the Dog set his teeth very deep into the flesh, the which was cured. Among all remedies, Treacle (saith he) is singular, causing it to be dissolved in Aquavite, or in Wine, and then rubbing the place therewith hard, until it bleed: than you must leave within it lint dippeth in the said mixture, and upon the wound apply Garlic or Onions, stamped or beaten with ordinary Honey and Turpentine. This remedy is excellent above all those that I have seen by experience: and I used it in the cur●… of the above named Maid.  
ANDREW BACCIUS, in his Preface to the Book of Poisons and Counter-poisons, describes the Epitaphe of a Roman which died mad, for that she was not presently and speedily helped, being bitten in the finger by a Cat, which she pulled by the tail. FRANCIS VALLERIOLA in his Commentary upon the Book of HIPPOCRATES of the substance of the Art of Physic, Chapter 20. makes mention of a Moil of his that was mad. And MATHIOLUS upon the 36. Chapter of the sixth Book of Discords, saith; That he had seen a mad Horse, the which having broken all that held him, he did run violently a certain way, where finding an old woman, he took her up with his teeth by her head-geare, and carried her above ten paces, hanging in the air, without making of any wound. In the same Chapter he recites the History of BALDUS the Lawyer above mentioned. A Portugal Marchant and four of his household, were hurt in one day with the Teeth and claws of a Cat that was mad, Whereof there followed terrible and pitiful accidents, and in the end death. AMATUS a Portugal, Centur. 7. ●…ur. 65.  
These years past, an Italian Gardener, was at unawares set upon by an old Cock of his, having a sharp Bill, and his Feathers reddish, the which did strike him so hard upon the left hand, as there came forth certain drops of blood. The same day I was called to see him, and coming to him, I found him writhing of his mouth, there was not any help by Scarrifications, Incisions, Corseys, or Applications, within or without, that could serve: All the neighbours about him were amazed to see this poor man in his bed, having his face red, and his eyes sparkling and inflamed like unto a Cock, that is hot in fight, so as the third day of his hurt, the patient died. This made me to think that the Basiliscke, so famous among the Ancient, is our Cock, the which gave me occasion, and many others, to make diverse Epigrams, the sense whereof is comprehended in these two verses.  

Another Basilisk is not this angry Cock,  
That biting killed his Master with that stroke?   
ANDREW BACIUS in the Preface of the Book of Poisons and Counterpoisons.  
A young man an Italian, happened to be bitten with a mad Dog, whereof he made no account: but after four months, he began to grow amazed, and to be wonderfully afraid of all meat and drink, though otherwise he had his wits perfect: so as after some days he died of hunger and thirst. VIDIUS in the 2. part of his Physic, Sect. 2. Chap. 6. There are many witnesses worthy of credit, which do test fie, that they have seen in the Urine of men, that have been bitten with mad Dogs, representations of Dogs, and as it were gobbets of Dogges-flesh. THOMAS 〈◊〉 VIEGA, in his Commentary upon the 84. Chap. of the Art of Physic▪ MATHIOLUS, upon the sixth book of DIOSCORIDES, Chap. 36. writes these words. AVICENNE saith, that it happens sometimes, that those which are bitten by mad Dogs, void with their Urine gobbets of flesh, not without great pain, the which are like unto little Dogs: the which I have also heard of some of late, yea of them that said they pissed of these little Dogs: the which is not likely, etc. yet he that will understand the reasons, and the witnesses that do affirm it, let him read GENTILIS comment. upon AVICENNE, and PETER d' APONE in the 179. Difference. There shall he understand how that sometimes such things do happen against the course of nature. The same Author saith; that he had seen a neighbour of his a Clothworker, who having been preserved from the biting of a mad Dog: for that he had beaten his will with rods of a Tree called a Service tree, he grew mad, and died. This Tree hath some sympathi●… in his wood with madness, by the report of many Physicians. There remains yet many Histories of men afflicted with this strange scourge, and of the wonderful accidents of their infirmities, the which we will reserve for another volume: this pitiful Chapter of the miseries of man, being but too long, and by consequence troublesome to the reader.   

Excellency of Memory.  
Master THEODORE ZVINGER the●… ●…. book of the ●…. volume of his great Theatre of man's life-hath gathered together the names of many, both of ancient times, and of ours, which have had excellent memories. Among others we must not forget a young Scholar, borne in the Isle of Corsica, who repeated readily thirty six thousand words of divers sorts, of divers languages, & of divers affairs, strangely intermixed and confounded, presently, or a while after he had heard them pronounced, and did say them as easily backward, or by the midst, as by the beginning, without stopping or studying, with a cheerful countenance, and as little moved as if he had read in a Book. He said that he had learned it of a Frenchman his Schoolmaster, and in few days he made FRANCIS de MOULIN a Venetian Gentleman, to learn his skill, who before had the weakest memory that might be found.  
The Author of the life of CHRISTOPHER LONGVEIL, an eloquent man in our time, reports that he had so firm and ample a memory, that no time could deface that which he had read or heard. When he was demanded by many, of diverse things, whereof he had not read any thing many years before, yet he answered directly to every thing, as if at that instant he had read the words and sentences in a Book. If at any time they spoke unto him of the same thing: but handled by divers Authors, he spoke plainly, but in such sort as he did propound distinctly, and word by word, all that the Greek and Latin Authors, Philosophers, Orators, Poets, and Historians do say, without equivocating, coating the Books, passages, Chapters and Sections of every one, to the great amazement of all them that heard him.  
SABELLICUS lib. 10. of his Examples. Chap. 9 makes mention of one ANTHONY of Ravenna, who approached near unto the above named Corscican. CUSPINIAN saith, that the Emperor MAXIMILIAN the first, had ●…o excellent a memory, as if a man had once talked unto him, seeing him again after many years, he would know him, and remember what he had said unto him. JOHN FRANCISCO reports of his Uncle JOHN PICUS Prince of Mirandola, that if he heard a great number of Verses pronounced, without any more repetition, he would say them forward and backward, as they pleased. There are at this day many learned men, Divines, Physicians, Lawyers, Philosophers, Mathematicians, Professors in Eloquence, and in the Liberal and Human Sciences, whom I could name in great numbers, which are not wanting or ignorant of any thing that is in light, who discourse so redelie of ancient Authors, as you would say they have an infinite number of books, lying open before them, to whom we cannot say nor cite any thing that is new or strange unto them. I know one whom I do not name, for great considerations: who besides the admirable knowledge he hath of divers Languages and sciences, remembers the meanest things that he hath seen in divers Countries, even the names of Men, Cities, Towns, Villages and Hamlets, marking the circumstances of infinite things: so as if any one did put him into discourse of any Town, where he had not been these five and twenty or thirty years, he will speak of all the particularities thereof more exactly, than he that had continued there for the space of fifty years together, and never come forth. I will not speak of many great and excellent memories in France, Italy and else where, contenting myself with this for the present, whereof some other time will show other admirable observations.   

Memory lost and recovered again.  
A Siennese named ANTHONY, being recovered of a great sickness, found his memory to fail him in such sort, as he could not remember any thing. Being at Florence he thought himself to be at Sienna, neither could he discern his friends from his enemies. Being abandoned of the Physicians as a madman after three weeks he had a great fl●…x, whereby he purged himself of strange humours, the infectious vapours whereof had touched the faculties of the spirit. By means of which evacuation, he recovered his understanding and memory, so as he remembered not what had chanced unto him, nor what he had done during those three weeks. A. BENIVENIUS Chapter 47.  
I have seen a Friar, who cured of a violent ague which had tormented him, lost his memory; so as he who before was a great Divine, did not now know A nor B. Having continued four months in this estate, he went to the children's School, learning to know his letters. This began to apply divers remedies unto him, by the help whereof, he suddenly recovered his memory, so as he showed himself as learned as before his sickness. CHRISTOPHER de VEGA Book 3. of the art of Physic. Chap. 10.  
FRANCISQVO BARBARO, a learned Venetian, did in his old age forget the Greek tongue, in the which he was very learned: yet notwithstanding his judgement was good, and his spirit perfect to write or dictate. BASSIAN LANDUS lib. 1. of the History of man.  
The same man being to make an oration before the Duke of Milan, was at a nonplus, having for-gotten what he intended to say. RAPHAEL VOLATERRANUS Book. 21. of his Anthropologia.  
GEORGE TRAPEZONCE a very learned Greek, being grown old, he forgot all that he had known before. The same Author.  
Monsieur RONDELET a learned Physician in our time, did report that a young man studying at Montpellier, going through the streets in the night, met with disordered fellows which lived by spoil, who thrust with a rapier at his body, and hurt him very sore in the eye. By the care of the Physicians and Surgeons he was cured but he fell into so great a forgetfulness of arts and sciences, and especially of the faculty of Physic, in the which he was well advanced, as he remembered not any thing whatsoever, so as they were fain to use him like a Child of seven years old, setting him again to his A B C. THOMAS JOURDAN Chap. 2. of the 2. treatise of Signs of the plague.  
I have known an ancient man in France, which spoke good French and Latin, played excellently well of the Lute, and that was very active at all exercises of the body, and handled his weapon well, through a sickness he was so deprived of all these things, as he did not remember the names of them, neither yet had any ability in him, no more than a young Child, and so were they fain to use him, and to set him to School again, as one that knew nothing. T. DAMIAN Chap. 13. of his Theory of Physic.  
GONSALVE giles of Bourgos, a learned Divine a Spaniard, had in his time one of the happiest memories in the world, the which notwithstanding he lost wholly by a grievous sickness, into the which he fell at his return from Paris into Spain. ALVAR. GOMECIO Book 4. of the History of Cardinal XIMINES. A certain man being sore hurt in the head, and with some difficulty cured at the end of three months, lost the remembrance of all that had happened unto him. FERNELIUS Book 2. of his Panthologia Chap. 5.   

Father fertile in his offspring.  
IN the memory of our Fathers there was seen a village in Spain of about a hundred houses, whereof all the Inhabitants were issued from one certain old man, which then did live, when as that village was so peopled: so as the name of consanguinity (ascending and descending, as well in the direct as the collateral line) failed to show and distinguish how the little Children should call him. L. VIVES in his commentary upon the 8. Chap. of the 15. Book of the City of God.   

Mother's fertile in Lineage issued from them.  
IN Saint Innocents' Churchyard in the City of Paris, is to be seen the Epitaph of YOLAND baly, widow to M. DENIS CAPEL, a Proctor at the Chastelet, which doth show that she had lived four score and eight years, and might have seen, 288. of her Children and children's Children, she died the 17. of April 1514. Imagine how much she had been troubled, to call them by a proper denomynation that were distant from her in the fourth, and fifth degree. E. PASQVIER Book 6. of his Recerches of France Chap. 46.  
In our time there was a Lady of the noble family of the DALBOURGS, who saw of her race even to the 6. degree. The Germans have made a Latin Distichon of it, thus.  

1. Mater ait.  
2. Natae Dic.  
3. Nata filia.  
4. Natam Vt moneat.  
5. Natae plangere.  
6. ●…iliolam.   
That is to say. The Mother said to her Daughter, Daughter bid thy Daughter, tell her Daughter, that her Daughter's Daughter cries.  
This is recited and written by Master THEODORE ZVINGGER a Physician at Basil, in the 3. volume of his Theatre of Man's life. lib. 11.   

Vigorous Mothers.  
A Woman having had a continual vomiting of blood for the space of seven whole months, conceived notwithstanding, and was delivered of a goodly Boy and a lusty. A certain other woman being with Child, had her Terms orderly and in greater abundance then before her conception: they continued until her lying in, and yet they were no hindrance to her happy delivery. Moreover, I have seen one near unto GREVENBROUCH, who being near to her delivery, had her Terms extaordinarily, voiding congealed blood, in great clods; yet she escaped well with her fruit. R. SOLENANDER lib. 5. of his councils. Chap. 15. art. 36. 38. 39   

Mother and Children preserved from death.  
IN the year 1564. about ten or twelve days after Easter, divers persons of the Town of Ast did cross the River which passeth along the Town in a boat, the Water being very deep and broad: the boat being in the midst of the River, it began to lean on the one side and sunk: so as both ferie-men and passengers were all drowned. There was among them a poor woman, who had put herself into the boat to go to gather wood, and so to relieve both herself, and her two little Children, the one she held with her left hand to the breast, and the other with the right hand being three years old. She was carried safe upon the Water with her two Children to the bank. Without any help of her arms being otherwise occupied, and all the rest in the boat perished but only these three. She having more care of her littleones, then of herself, was thus miraculously preserved with them. SIMON MAYOLUS an Italian Bishop in the 13. devise of his Canicular days.   

Contempt of Pain.  
Approaching near unto Buda, the BASSA sent to meet us by some of his household, with many Heralds and Officers: but among the rest a goodly troop of young men on horseback, remarkable by reason of the Novelty of their equipage. They had their heads bare and shaven, upon the which they had made a long incision that was bloody, and in the wound they had stuck divers feathers, so as the blood ran forth, but instead of any show of smarting, they marched with a cheerful countenance, and their heads a fit. Before me went certain footmen, whereof one had his arms and his sides bare, either of which arms under the elbow was peerced through with a knife which stuck there: And other was naked from the head unto the navel, having the skin of his back cut in two places right down, through which they had put a battle axe, the which he carried as we do a sword in a scarf. I did see an other which had a horse-showe fastened to the crown of his head with many nails, the which had continued so long as the nails had taken such hold in the flesh, as they moved not. We entered into Buda with this pomp, and were conducted to the BASSAS lodging with whom I treated of my affairs. All these young men being little careful of their hurts, remained in the Base Court of the lodging; and I was actentive to behold them, the BASSA asked me what I thought of it? All well, said I, but that I think these men have less care of their skins then I would have of my gown for I would labour to keep it whole. The BASSA laughed, and so dismissed us. GISLENIUS BVS●…EQVIVS in the discourse of his embassage into Turquie Epist. 4.   

Murders discovered by strange means, and punished.  
Master EMERY BIGOT the King's Attorney in the Parliament of Rouen, recounted the history following unto me, with the names and sur-nmes of the persons, which I have altogether forgotten, only the substance of the matter remains in my head. There was a Lucquois merchant, who having lain in England a long time, and desiring to end his days amongst his friends, requested them by letters to provide him a house, for that he meant to see them within six months at the farthest. About the same time he parts from England, followed by a servant of his a Frenchman, with all his papers & obligations, and comes to the City of Rouen, where after he had made a little stay, he takes his way for Paris: but being on the mountain near to Argentueil, his man, favoured by the rain & foul weather that was at that time, murdered him, and threw his body into the vines. As this was a doing, a blind man came by, led by his dog, and hearing one groan, asked who it was? whereunto the murderer answered, that it was a sick man going to ease himself. The blind man went his way and the servant with his masters money and papers gets him to Paris where he takes up a good round sum upon his masters bills & obligations: this merchant is expected at Luca a whole year together, and seeing that he came not, a fellow was dispatched away expressly to seek him out; coming to London he understood the time of his departure, & that he was bound for Rouen; there also in one of the Inns he was told that about 6. months before a Lucquois merchant had lain there, & was gone to Paris. After that what inquiry soever he made, he was never the nearer, nor by any means could hear any tidings of that he sought. Wherepon he complained to the Court of Parliament at Rouen, which began to embrace this affair, commanding the Lieutenant criminal to make diligent search within the City & Monsieur BIGOT without. The first thing the justice did, was to will one of his officers to inquire up and down the town whither there were any man that within 7. or 8. months before had set up a new shop. The fellow fails not in his charge, but returning says he met with one, of whom having learned the name, the justice supposeth an obligation, whereby this new merchant binds himself body & goods to pay the sum of 200. crowns within a certain time, & by virtue thereof, being wild to pay the money, he answered that the bond was forged, for he owed no such debt. The Sergeant taking this answer for a refusal, arrested him. and as they went along together, the merchant happened to tell him that he would answer this well enough: but is there no other matter said he? The Sergeant goes and reports how all had passed to the justice, who taking hold of those words, whither there were no other matter, commanded the prisoner to be brought before him: being come, he made the room to be voided, and with gentle speech told him, that he had sent away the rest, because he meant to deal kindly with him: that in truth he had caused him to be arrested upon a supposed obligation, but that there was another matter in the wind. For he knew for certain, that the murder of the Luequois was committed by him, and thereof good proof was to be made, howbeit he desired not to take any rigorous course: that the dead man was a stranger, altogether without friends, and therefore it was an easy matter to bury all things in oblivion, so that the prisoner would be wise, and do that which was fitting for himself. All this was spoken in such a fashion, as if the justice had gone about to draw money from him. Herewith the prisoner solicited partly by the remorse of his conscience, partly by the hope he had to clear himself by a bride, answered the judge, that herein appeared the very hand of GOD, seeing there was no other witness but himself, and yet the matter was come to light, and that upon the promise which had been made him, he would freely confess the truth. thereupon the judge thinking he had got his desire, sent one for the Register. In the mean time the prisoner perceiving he had played the fool, when the judge would have had him confess the murder, he began to change his copy, and maintain that all this proceeding was full of slander and falsehood. The justice being somewhat frustrated of his hope, sends the Merchant to prison, in expectation of more ample proof. But having had conference with other prisoners, who are craft masters in such affairs, he appeals from his imprisonment, & s●…es both the Sergeant & the justice. I leave you to think whether the cause were without appearance of reason. Forgery is objected against the obligation, & there needs no proof, for it is confessed. And indeed the justice went directly to the Parliament, where he discoursed at large how all things had been carried. The Court being well assured of the honesty of the justice, suspended the course of this suit for a time. In the mean space Monsieur BIGOT had incharge, to make inquiry all the way between Rovan and Paris, to see if he could come by any notice of the matter: which he executed with all diligence. At length passing by Argentueil, the Bailiff told him, how not long before, they had found a dead carcase in the Vines, half eaten with Dogs and Crows. Therewithal came the blind man a begging to the Inn where BIGOT lay, and understanding the perplexity they were in, told them all that he had heard about the same time on the Mountain. BIGOT asked him, whither he could know the voice again? The other answered him, that he thought he should. Whereupon he set him up on an horse behind another, & road away with him to Rovan, where being alighted, and having given an account of his commission, the Court determined to hear what the blind man could say, and after to confront him with the prisoner. He having then discoursed at full all that past in his hearing on the Mountain, & the answer that was returned him, being demanded, whether he could know the voice again? he replied that he did not think but he could. Therewith they showed him a far of to the prisoner, & asked him, when the blind man was gone, whither he could take any exception against him. GOD knows what a case he was in then. For he said, that there had never been such devices practised to impeach the innocency of an honest man, as there had been against him. First the justice by virtue of a false obligation to lay him in prison: then to make him believe how he had confessed that which never did: and last of all, to bring in a blind man for a witness against him, why it was pastal rules of common sense.  
Notwithstanding that, the Court seeing he had nothing else to say against him, caused 20. men & above to speak one after another, & still as they spoke, the blind man was asked whither he knew their voices, whereunto he replied that it was none of them. At last when the prisoner had spoken, the blind man said, that that was he which answered him on the Mountain. The same confusion of voices having been two or three times reiterated, the blind man hit always on the right, and never miss. Take all the accidents of this process severally, and you shall find many that make for the prisoner. But when you have thoroughly considered the contrary, there are a number of circumstances which make against him: a new Citizen which had set up a new shop a little after the Lucquois disapearing, the honesty of the Lieutenant known to all men, the deposition by him and the Sergeant made: but especially the miraculous encounter of the blind man, who was both at the murder, as afterward in the Inn where BIGOT lay: & finally that without any fraud he had discerned the murderers voice from many others. All these things duly weighed, were cause of the wretched man's condemnation: who before he was executed, confessed all, to the discharge of the judges consciences. E. PASQVIER in 5. book des Recerches of France. Chap. 20.  
On Christmas eve 1551. a certain fellow brained a young woman with an Hammer, hard by Saint Oportunes Church in Paris, as she was going to midnight Mass, & took away her rings. The Hammer was stolen the same evening from a poor Smith there-by, who therefore suspected of the murder, was very cruelly handled, and put to an extraordinary kind of torture, by reason of the violent presumptions that made against him. In such sort that he was quite lamed, & deprived of the means to get his living, whereby reduced into extreme poverty, he made a miserable end. The murderer remained almost 20. years unknown, and the memory of the murder seemed to be buried with the poor woman in her grave. Now mark how it came out at length, though it were long first. JOHN FLAMENG Sergeant of the subsidies at Paris, that was afterward chief Usher in the Court of Aids, being one day in the Summer at Saint Leups, a village by Montmorency, whether he was sent to sit upon a Commission, chanced among other talk at supper, to say before certain of the place, how he had left his wife at home sick, and no body with her but a little boy. There was an old man than present named MOUSTIER, & a son in-law of his: who immediately upon this speech went away that night, with each of them a basket of Cherries, and a green Goose, and came about ten of the clock the next morning to FLAMENGS house: where knocking, the woman looked out at the window, and asked who it was. They answered that her husband had sent her a green Goose, and a basket or two of Cherries, whereupon the door being opened to them by the boy, they clapped it too again, and cut his throat. The poor child struggling with them, the woman heard the noise, and stepped out into a gallery joining to her Chamber, to see what it was, where perceiving a stream of blood in the yard, one of them told her that it was the blood of the Goose: In the mean time the other ran up the stairs thinking to surprise her. She mistrusting the truth of the matter, got back again into her Chamber, bolted the door within and cried out of the window for help saying there were thieves in her house. The two wretches, seeing they had failed of there purpose, would have got away, but going to unclocke the gate, they broke the key in the lock. So that having no means to scape, they went to hide themselves. The youngest climbed up into the funnel of a chimney, the old man conveyed himself into the bottom of a cellar. Therewith the neighbours came running to the house, & breaking open the door, found the boy lying dead in the yard, whereupon they sought up and down every corner for the murderers; he in the chimney was taken first, and the other after long search was found in the well of the cellar with nothing but his nose above water. They were strait way carried to prison, and shortly after arraigned and condemned to death. Being on the scaffold at the place of execution, the old man desired to speak with the Smith's widow, of whom mention was made at the beginning. When she came he asked her forgiveness, and told her it was he that killed the young woman by S. Oportunes Church. This confession of his being committed to record, they were executed as they deserved. E. PASQVIER in the same book and Chapter.  
Eleven or twelve Danysh gentlemen being in talk together one evening in a stove, fell to some hot words among themselves, which at length grew to such terms, that the candles suddenly were put out, & one of them was stabbed with a poniard & killed. Amongst those gentlemen was a Pursuivant of the Kings. Now the murderer was unknown, by reason of the number, although the gentlemen accused the pursuivant for it, but the King would not believe them, saying they had conspired against his servant. In this perplexity the King caused them to come altogether into the stove, and standing round about the dead corpse, he commanded that they should one after another lay there right hand on the slain gentleman's naked breast, swearing they had not killed him. The Gentlemen did so, and no sign appeared to witness against them. The Pursuivant only remained who condemned before in his own conscience, went first of all and kissed the dead Man's feet: but assoon as he laid his hand on his breast the blood gushed forth in great abundance, both out of his wound and nostrils: so that urged by this evident accusation, he confessed the murder, and by the Kings own sentence was incontinently beheaded. HENRY RANSOVIUS Lieutenant for the King of Denmark in the duchy of Holsace makes this relation in a letter of his that is now in print: & farther addeth, that the King his master reported this history to him, and to VLRIC his son in law Duke of MECKELEOURG with these words: Some of the gentlemen accused of this murder are still living, this first day of july. 1591. And how that ever since the execution of the Pursuivant, King CHRISTIERNUS 2. Permitted that over all his Kingdom unknown murders should be sought out after that manner.  
I will add another example (saith he) in the same letter written to DAVID CHYTREUS which happened at ITZEHOW in Demnarke in my Father's time. A traveler was murdered by the high way side and because the Murderer could not be found out, the magistrates of Itzehow made the body to be taken up, and an hand to be cut of, which was carried into the prison of the town, and hung up by a string in one of the chambers. About ten years after, the murderer coming upon some occasion into the prison, the hand which had been a long time dry began to drop blood on the table that stood underneath it. The jailer beholding so extradinary a thing stayed the fellow, and adverty said the magistrates of it, who examining him in the presence of my Father, the murderer giving glory to God, confessed the murder which he had committed so many years before, and submitted himself to the rigour of the law which was inflicted on him as he well deserved.  
HIEROME MAGIUS a learned Philosopher, disputing of such accidents in. 3. of his Complaints. Chap. 6. after he hath quoted the ancient and modern authors which have handled this subject, and propounded all that he thought was requisite for this disputation, finally concludes, that such discoveries of murders are miraculous. The Authors he allegeth are HOMER in the 17. book of his ILIAD●…S, speaking of the dead body of EUPHORBAS in the presence of MENELARS which had killed him: The Poet LUCRETIUS in the book. 4. in these verses. Nanque homines ploerunque cadunt in vulnus. etc. THADDUS the Florentine in his explications on JOANNITIUS ISAGOGE, HENRY de GAND in his Quodlibets: Giles of Rome in the qaest. 25 of 5. quodlibet. JOHN MVIIOR upon the. 4. book of Sentences, dist. 25. quaest. 14. The author of the book intitu●…ed Peregrinarum quaestionum, in the quae. 6 of the. 3. decade: MARSILIUS FICIN in the. 16. book of the immortalatie of souls, Chap. 5. GALE OF MARTIUS in the. 22. chap. of his book De doctrina promiscua: JOHN LANGIUS Physician in his 40. Epistle; and LEVIN LEMNIUS in the 2. book of the miracles of Nature, chap. 7. GAUDENCE ME●…VLA in the 4. books of Memorable things, chap. 18. PARISH DE PUTEO, in the treatise of judges, upon the word Tortura: HIPPOLITO MARSILLO in his practice, in the paragraph Diligenter, num. 81. MARK ANTHONY BLANC in the Commentary on the Law, FINAL num. 408. F. de questionibus: LUDOVIC CARERA in the beginning of his practice, num. 140. & FRANCIS JASON, in the treatise of judgements and tortures.  
In the town o●… Tubingue, a certain traveler coming into an Inn, & talking at table of the journey he had to go, asked the Host of the house if he knew of any that went his way, because he was afraid he should not hit it: whereupon another guest that sat at table with him, said, how he was going to the place he spoke of, & knew all the ways of the forest through which they were to pass. Travailing together in the wood the latter thinking to make some great purchase fell upon the other & killed him. But finding little about him, he returned heavy and sighing to the same Inn from whence they parted. Presently after, the bruit went of a man that was found murdered in the Forest. And because the Murderer discovered himself sufficiently by his sighs, he was apprehended and being examined, confessed the fact, for the which he was put to death. PH. LONICER in his ●…heater of Examples.  
A Murderer that had killed divers men and certain women with child, going on Easter-Eue to the Town of Winshein in Almaigne, bought three calves heads of a Butcher in the shambles, which he put into a net made like a bag, and laying them on his shoulder went his way homeward. whereupon it seemed to all that met him in the street that they were men's heads which he carried in the net, so that divers ran and advertised the Magistrates of it, who strait way sent some of their Sergeants, and commanded them to apprehend him and bring him before them. Be●…ing come and examined where he had those men's heads? he answered that he had bought them of a Butcher in the open Shambles. The Butcher was sent for, who affirmed that those which he sold him were calves heads & no other. The Magistrates amazed with this prodigy sent the buyer to prison: where going to be tortured, he confessed his murders: which was no sooner done but presently the three heads taken out of the net returned to their former shape, and the murderer was executed according to his demerits. The same.  
A learned Divine of our time recytes such another History as that of IBICUS. For he saith that an Almaign traveling a journey fell among thieves, who going to cut his throat, the poor man espied a flight of Crows and said, O Crows I take you for witnesses and revengers of my death. He had no sooner said so but he was murdered by the thieves; who drinking two or three days after in an Inn, a company of Crows came and lighted on the top of the house. whereupon the thieves began to laugh and say one to an other, look yonder are they that must revenge his death whom we dispatched the other day. The Tapster overhearing them told his Master, who reported it to the Magistrate. He presently commanded them to be apprehended, and upon their disagreeing in speeches and contrary answers urged them so far that the confessed the truth, whereupon ensued their execution. In the collection of the memorable speeches of this divine.  
A Gentleman of Chalence in Fossigry b●…ing in h●… Duke of Savoyes' arm●…e in September the 〈◊〉 158●…. and g●…eeuing to behold the cruelties which w●…re 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the poor inhabitants of the bailiwick of Ge●…, resolved to depart from the said army. Now because there was no safer nor nearer way for him then to cross the lake to Bonne, which might very well be performed in three hours at the most (whereas he should have been a day and a half going by the bridge of Chancy and that with danger) he went to one of his acquaintance named JOHN VILLAIN of the Village of Thaney in the bailiwick of Nyon, hard by the town of Coppet, and desired him to help him to some that would carry him over the lake. VILLAIN went along with him to Coppet, where one of the best of the Town had the Gentleman to a Tavern, and there it was agreed that two watermen of the place, which were present, should carry him over. Whereupon he went back to Thaney for his horse, apparel and other things. Being returned & in the boat crossing the lake, the said watermen, whereof the chiefest was called MARTIN BOURRY, fell upon him and cut his throat. VILLAIN understanding it & complaining of so cruel a treachery, was answered, that it was an enemy whom they had dispatched. The murderer fearing to be called in question about it, to prevent the matter made a present of the Gentleman's horse which was of great value to a certain Master and kept the rest to himself. insomuch that the murder was never spoken afterward, neither durst VILLAIN use many words about it, for fear of himself. But God would not leave it so unpunished. For about the 15. of july 1591. this BOURRY going with divers others of Coppet to shoot for a wager, as he was charging the harquebus which he had robbed the Gentleman of when he murdered him, it suddenly discharged of itself & shot the murderer through the heart, so that he fell down stark dead, and never stirred nor spoke a word. This relation I received from VILLAINS own mouth.  
In the first troubles a Gentleman of the troops which besieged Moulins in Burbonnois was taken sick in such sort that he could not follow his company when they dislodged: and lying at a Baker's house called JOHN MON which professed much friendship and kindness unto him, he put such confidence in him, that he stayed behind the rest, having showed his host the money that he had, who promised to defend him from all men, together with a little brother of his some 13. or 14. years old. But so far was this wretch from keeping his promise, that contrarily as soon as it was night, he trained them forth of doors, and most wickedly murdered them. Now mark how God revenged it: it happened not long after that the murderer being in sentinel, one of his fellows not thinking of it, shot him through the arm with an Harquebus whereof he languished the space of 3. months, & then died stark mad. History of France under CHARLES the 9  
The town of Bourges being yielded by Mons. d'Tuoy during the first troubles, those that held it before were inhibited from talking together either within or without the town, or from being above two together at a time. Amongst them that took pleasure (under colour of this ordinance) to murder such as they met talking together, there was one named GARGET captain of the Bourbonne quarter, which made a common practice of it, who shortly after taken with a burning fever ran up & down the streets, blaspheming the name of God, calling upon the Devil, & crying out, if any one would go along with him to hell, he would pay his charges, & so died in desperate and frantic manner. In the same History.  
PETER MARTIN, one of the Queries of the King's stable, and Postmaster at a place called Liege in the way towards Poictou, upon a slight accusation, without either form or manner of process was condemned by a Lord to be drowned. This Lord commanded one of his Falconers to go and execute this sentence upon pain to be drowned himself. whereupon he performed it: but GOD deferred not the revenge thereof long, for within three days after, this Falconer & a Lackey falling out about the good man's apparel went into the field & slew one another. Which being reported to the Lord (a most unrighteous judge) it compelled him to have some remorse, and to say openly, that he would it had cost him five hundred crowns, the poor Querie had not been drowned. But it was too little, for to value the life of an innocent man at. In the same history, book. 7.  
Certain troops of Peasants of Colours, Ceresiers, and other places in Champagne, having committed many murders and spoils in sundry places, were here and there defeated and came very near all of them to violent ends during the first troubles. I will note two notable particularities here touching two of those troops One going to set fire on an house, fell down stark dead, being killed with the shot of an Harquebus unadvisedly discharged by one of his fellows. Another dragging a poor Man and his Wife to a post for to have them shot to death, received also a shot from an Harquebus which took away his life and so his prisoners escaped. In the same book. It hath been observed in the history of France since the year of our Lord GOD 1560. Till the last peace, that of a thousand murderers which remained unpunished in regard of men, not ten of them escaped the hands of GOD, but made most wretched ends: as shallbe seen in the books following.   

Persons that lived a long time without eating or drinking.  
Master GERARD de BUCOLD Physician to FERDINAND afterwards Emperor, testifieth in a book imprinted both in Latin and Dutch, that the year 1539. in a village by Spire there was one namaed MARGARET the Daughter of SOFREY WEIS & BARBARA his wife, which at 18. years of age being taken about the end of September with a little pain in her head and belly, began to lose all appetite to meat, wherein she continued till the end of the year: when having recovered some stomach, she made a meal or two: but ever after ceased altogether from eating, and drunk very little. After Easter the year following she refused to drink, insomuch that in the greatest heat of summer she never drank: whereupon it ensued that she neither voided urine nor other excrement. FERDINAND then King of Romans desired to see her, & to prevent all fraud made her to be carefully kept and looked unto by the said de BUCOLD, who hath made this relation confirmed by divers other witnesses. A Nun of Saint BARBARAS covent at Delft, falling sick of the yellow jaundice, the year 1562. kept her bed six weeks together without eating or drinking. All that time she never touched any sustenance whatsoever, unless it were a few kernels of a limond, which she held in her mouth & now & then sucked them a little. The confessor of the Covent, carried me thither, not to give her any Physic but to see her as a miracle, by reason of so long an abstinence. The day after I had seen her, she departed this world. Now this which I will add is worthy of greater marvel. In the same Town of Delft about May 1566. being accompanied with a Chirurgeon, I visited a certain sick maid, of 27. years of age or thereabout. She had kept her bed ever since she was sixteen years old, eating nothing all that time as her keeper affirmed, but once a day a little morsel of dry Cheese: Neither was it possible to make her take any kind of drink, and yet she made Water reasonable well, although she went to the stool but once in eight days. Moreover she was borne blind, and at 20. years of age had the dropsy, but that Water vanishing away, instead thereof, she had a noise in her belly like the croaking of a number of live Frogs, accompanied with a wonderful heaving and setting of her belly, insomuch that do what I could, my hand laid upon it was lifted up a good height. This motion increased with grievous pains at the full of the moon and flowing of the sea: but at the wane of the moon & ebbing of the sea she felt some ease: & so it continued with her 7. years, having her sickness every tenth week as her keeper confessed. P. FOREST Physician in the 18. book of his Observations, Obser. 8.  
A gentleman, that hath worthily acquitted himself in sundry charges, said in a place where I was, that he had gone from Madril to Lisbon, in the hottest of summer, without drinking. He bears himself passing well for one of his age, & hath nothing extraordinary in the usage of his life, but this, to be 2. or 3. months, nay a year, as he hath told me, without drink. He feeleth thirst, but lets it pass, and he thinks it is an appetite that easily goes away of itself & drinks more for company, than necessity or pleasure. MICHAEL de MONTAGNE, in the 3. book of his Essays, the last Chap. as much is reported of a great Lord in France, who hath gone Ambassador to Rome, and is still living in other honourable employments. There have been many persons both before and in our time which have fasted very long: but having no example more remarkable amongst many others than that which by & by I purpose to propound, we will leave the Reader to the remembrance of such as he hath either seen or heard it of himself. In the mean time we will present this which ensueth. On Tuesday the 24 day of November 1584. by the commandment of the most illustrious Prince JOHN CASIMIR County Palatine of Rind, the governor and superintendant of Caiserlanter, accompanied with HENRY SMETIUS and JOHN JAMES Theodore, Doctors of Physic, made inquiry in the village of Schinidweiler in the jurisdiction of Colberberg, touching the Maid whose history we relate.  
KUN TONNELIER borne at Spisheim, an honest husbandman, being examined by those commissaries, among other articles affirmed that KATHERINE, at that instant some 27. years of age, Daughter to him and to his Wife likewise named KATHERINE, having always had her health, till such time as she began to have her monthly purgations, at her return from a certain wedding caught an ague, which took away all appetite from her to hot meats for the space of five years together, during which time she felt herself well and lusty, did her work, was very obedient to her parents, devout in prayer unto GOD, well affected to the hearing of his word and throughlie instructed therein. Now to bring her to hot meats again, her father and mother (besides other ordinary medicines) put her into the hands of an Empyrike, who in steed of helping her with a certain drink, quite took away her stomach from all meats both hot and cold: insomuch that till then, namely for the full term of seven years, no meat nor drink whatsoever went down the throat of this maid: who for six months after the disgust only sucked the juice of a few pears and apples. But not able to use this remedy any longer, she washed her mouth with aquavitae, but could not swallow a drop of it. This laving somewhat refreshed her: but being to sharp, she allayed it with a little fair Water. Her father added, that all this time he could never perceive any evacuation of urine or other excrement in the said maid, or sweet, or vermin in any part of her body: but always found her bed clean, and her body without spot or speck of filth: unless it were that sometimes she seemed to be troubled with a distillation of the brain, which now and then made her to spit a little. And many times a certain vapour rose in her side which fumed up to the heart, and caused a pain in her head, that made her very faint for the time, but it lasted not long, and that only against foul weather. The sight or savour of meats never offended her, though she had no appetite nor desire at all to them. If at any time she chanced to faint, she rubbed her temples and stomach with a little sweet Water: which very much comforted her. The deposition of the mother and neighbours agreed in all points herewith.  
The same KATHERINE visited by the Princes four Commissaries, was found fair of face, well coloured, full of life and good disposition, her eyes clear, and quick sighted, like one in perfect health, save that they were somewhat sunk into her head, and that underneath them some times rose a tumour which continued not long. Neither had she any defect in her senses of smelling, hearing, and tasting. Her speech was sweet, significant and intelligible. Only her mouth was grown so strait by reason of her cheeks which very much pained her (as she said herself) that she could not put so much as her little finger into it: but yet without appearance of swelling. Her hair was all fallen off of her head and began to come again. In this sickness or infirmity, she had scarce had any speech or sense for three years together. But the Thursday before Easter 1583. she recovered her speech and senses, much better than ever she had had them at any time in her health before, and that after an admirable manner, as followeth.  
Her Father being gone about that time to a Forest hard by the village for to fell Timber, and her Mother having shut all the doors for to go to him, and left their Daughter in the house alone by herself: a Man in the habit of a Minister, entered into the Stove, went to the bed's side, took the Maid by the left arm, lifted her up, and staying her, made her walk a turn or two: and then asked her if she could pray. KATHERINE somewhat amazed with this demand, could not answer him, being speechless. He began then to rehearse the ten commandments in the vulgar tongue, the Articles of our faith, the Lords Prayer, the institution of Baptism, and of the holy Supper: exhorting her beside to patience, comforting and assuring her, that her speech should shortly be restored to her again. Whereupon he suddenly departed from her▪ and immediately her speech came to her again, so that her Mother being returned home, the Maid talked plainly and intelligibly with her, and afterwards with her Father, whereat they were both marvelously abashed. After that time, her speech and senses never failed her.  
The report of the Physicians yet farther containeth this ensuing, which I add for the content of the Reader. Touching that which concerneth her breast or stomach, she hath a very sweet breath, her pulse is temperate, and as it should be, but before & behind her armpits, both above and below, she is somewhat faint. Her breasts are longer, softer, and hanging down more then commonly Maidens do. She many times feels a pain in both her sides, which brings her into such a case, that she can hardly fetch her breath, but it is quickly gone by the application of a little water. One cannot touch the pit of her stomach, but it grieves her. As for her belly it hangs some▪ what lank like an empty body: but on the outside it is in pretty good plight, and is reasonable fat and fleshy: she is never troubled with any wind or colic, nor feels any hickock, stitch, or other pain in her stomach. And although she hath oftentimes of her own accord, without constraint or necessity, endeavoured to take and swallow down meat, yet could she never do it, albeit she can abide the sent of meats, and endure that one should eat and drink by her, but more at sometimes then at othersome. For she hath been and still is, as if her throat-boll were quite closed up, & altogether stopped she goes not to the stool, nor hath urine or monthly purgations, which she hath had for a certain time together perfectly and duly before her infirmity, but now they are clean gone. In like manner, she is never a thirst, yet sometimes she takes a little fair water & Aqua vitae mingled together, for to wash her mouth, and spits it out again presently. The which she was wont to do with Aqua vitae alone, but now she cannot endure it, being too sharp & strong in her mouth which is very tender, & this she does only for the recreation and comfort of her head & heart. Touching her arms and legs, her arms are sound and fleshy: especially her left arm is nimble & in good case, without any defect. But as for her right arm, it is lame from the elbow to the fingers ends, whereby her hand is grown crooked, so that she cannot stir it. Notwithstanding she can move the said right arm a little up toward the shoulder, but cannot lift it to her head, nor put it from one side to the other, without help. Her legs and thighs are somewhat full and fleshy, but are so shrunk, that she cannot stretch them forth at length, & yet she can move her toes and her feet a little. Her said arm became lame so, & her legs crooked by lying in her bed three years together, without eating any thing. Throughout all her body is a temperate and kindly heat. The nails of her feet and hands are well form, long, and in good disposition, like one in perfect health.  
The Physicians having made this report, & every thing well examined and considered: the Commissaries were of opinion for divers reasons, that 4. women of good discretion, and fit for such a business, should be chosen and sent to Schimdweiler to keep this Maid by turns, two by day, and two by night, for the space of a fortnight, to the end no meat nor drink whatsoever might be ministered to her by any person: & that the bed whereon she lay, should be changed, and another put in the place of it, and that diligent search should be made over all the Stove. The Maid herself had declared, that divers men and women had resorted to her out of the Bishopric of Treves, and questioned her about revelations and predictions. Moreover there were letters found written to her, as it had been to an holy Virgin, the intent of the writers being to make an Idol of her, and to erect a pilgrimage unto her. Wherefore the Commissaries made report of all before mentioned, to the Governor of Neustad and the Prince's Council, who shortly after gave Commission to the Governor of Caiserlauter, to take order for this affair, whereunto he obeyed with all diligence, and thereof made his report, which I copied over being translated out of Dutch, in the terms ensuing.  
Following your Commission of the 24. of December 1584. directed unto us, touching the affairs of the Maiden of the village of Schmidweiler, we have made diligent inquisition for four honest women, & it was a long time ere we could find any that would employ themselves in such an affair, until at length we have thereunto induced and persuaded ANNE BRENNING, the widow of ANDREW ZILS late of this town, otherwise called the old joiner: ANASTASIA widow to JOHN EBERARD, in his life time Minister of Walhalben. AGNES the Minister's wife of Steinwerden: and MARGARET the widow of JOHN GAUFFEN whilst he lived Burgess of this Town. And after they were thoroughly instructed and informed of their charge, according to the tenor of the advise which at the beginning was sent to his Highness, and that they had all four taken their oath, we sent them on the 16. day of january last passed, to the said place of Schimdweiler, with Master LOLEMAN the superintendant, where they remained with the said Maid until the 8. day of the same month: being returned back again, the next day they discoursed at large unto us, all that they had learned, discovered and experimented touching this affair as followeth.  
The said Superintendant being arrived about evening the first day, with the four women afore mentioned at Kolberberg, there they rested that night, and the next day went by Wagon to Schimdwailer, where going to the Father and Mother, they gave them to understand, how by the commandment of the Governors they were come thither, with charge to keep their Daughter for a fortnight together. And that to no other end, but to stop the mouths of such as on every side spoke ill of their Daughter, and of the Prince likewise, because he gave credit to their said Daughters speeches, to wit, that in so long a time she had neither eaten nor drunk▪ briefly it was to no other purpose, but that once for all, the world might be assured of the truth. thereunto the Father and Mother gladly submitted themselves, and with kind entertain carried them to their Daughter's chamber, where the Superintendant spoke in the same manner to the Maid, as they had done before to her Father & Mother, and showed her at large the occasion of their coming. whereupon the Maid began to complain & demand for what cause they would molest and trouble her so. Especially she seemed to be very much grieved, for that her Father and her Mother should not lie in her Chamber by her as they had accustomed to do: but incontinently after the departure of the Superintendant, ANNE BRENNING dealt in such sort with the said Maid, that she willingly agreed to whatsoever they would, and not only permitted them to carry away the bed where upon her Father and Mother lay: but also suffered them to visit her own bed, nay to take it quite away, and make her another in a little Stove, where was no room for her Father and Mother to lie. And when in the day time they entered into the Chamber, they came not near their Daughter, nor talked with her in secret. Now during this fortnight, the four women understood of them how this maids sickness first began, and how many years she had p●…st without eating or drinking, which agreed in all points with that which had been declared before to the Commissa●…ies. Likewise the said women found that the said Maid is at sometimes weaker and fainter than at other some, and they have always watched with her, two by day, and two by night. And for a more exact assurance of the truth, one of the four lay every night with the said Maid in her bed, so that by no means any fraud could happen, where unto they always took very diligent heed, and watched very carefully both day & night, but never could find any other thing, then as the said Maid had still before very truly affirmed of herself. Furthermore, all the said four women, especially ANNE BRENNING, have confessed before us, and solemnly affirmed and assured upon the salvation of their souls, and therein will die, that the said Maid hath not eaten nor drunk, either morsel or drop of any thing whatsoever. Neither hath vo●…ded any Urine or other execrement, nor slept a whit in all that time. And that who-so-ever makes any doubt of these things, doth the Maiden great wrong.  
This report was sent to Caiserlauter the 19 of February 1585. signed by the Go ●…ernor & his Secretary, to the Prince's Council at Neusted. And within a while after, the History of it was Printed in Dutch, then turned into French, and published the year 1587. The Translator, a man of quality, having added to the end of his Book, Dedicated to the Baron of Pardaillan, than Ambassador for the King of Nau●…r in Germany, these words ensuing. The Readers shall be advertised that the said KATHERINE is still living in the same estate and disposition as this relation imports: and hath continued and lived so without eating, drinking and sleeping, the space of nine years fully complete and ended, and liveth yet miraculously, through a singular and incomprehensible grace of Almighty God. Extracted out of the whole History o●… this matter, Imprinted at Francfor●…, by JOHN WECHE●…, the year 1587.  
I understand that at this present there is a man at Avignon of 60. years of age, that eats very seldom, as once in five, six, ten weeke●… or more. Here-with agrees that which ALBERT writes, how there was a woman which sometimes went 20. nay many times 30. days together without eating. He saith likewise, that he had seen a melancholy man which lived seven weeks without eating or drinking any thing, but every other day a little water. It is reported by grave and reverent persons, that a Maid was seen in Spain, which never eat any thing, and entertained her life only with drinking water, being two and twenty years old. divers have seen a girl in Languedo●… which continued three years together without eating. And we know by that which certain good and learned personages have written of it, that there was another at Spire in Germany which lived as many years without any other meat or drink then the air. WILLIAM RONDOLETIUS affirms the like, and saith, that he hath seen another which in the same manner attained to the age of ten years: who afterwards was married and had Children. JOHN BOCCACE writes of a Dutch-woman that lived thirty years without meat. PETER ALBANO tells of a Norman, that eat nothing in eighteen years, and of another that went six and thirty years without meat. It is held for certain that a Priest at Rome lived forty years with the only inspiration of the air: it being well observed under the custody of LEO the tenth, and of divers Princes, and faithfully testified by HERMALAO BARBARO. ALLEXANDER BENIVENIUS reports of an Italian, that he fasted forty days together in the City of Venice. L. JOUBERT in the 2. paradox of his first Decade: and in the 2. book of his popular errors about the end. Where he addeth a notable discourse which I thought good to offer unto the Reader.  
I well foresee (saith he) that two sorts of people may be moved, either with the only subject of these discourses (touching such as have lived without eating) or of the proofs thereof. The one is ignorant of natural Philosophy and Physic, persons to be reverenced for their simplicity and piety, as the common people, and all those that apply not their study to examine the causes of each thing. The other is diabolical, persecuting that with most impudent slander which they know to be well spoken. I will not stand upon these, because they attend not the explication of my speech but with their poison infect and deprave all that is received by their impure thoughts: As for the rest, me thinks it is convenient I should satisfy them with all sincerity. I see then this objection ready to be urged against me.  
The fasts of forty days, which JESUS CHRIST, ELIAS, and MOSES have sustained, as the holy Scriptures do testify, should no longer be held for miracles, if by any natural reason one could endure to fast many months and years tog●…ther. Certainly it were true if we did not acknowledge that it was so given against the Laws of nature to men in perfect health, through a certain privilege, as we religiously believe. For exemption from the infirmity of the flesh was Divinely granted to them for a time: insomuch that their condition at this time was other than the condition of mankind. But those which as we learn out of profane Histories have lived certain years without eating, if their report be true, it must needs be that those persons were all unhealthy and full of much cold juice, wherewith the body might be nourished a long time. For by that which daily happens we see that many sick folks have no appetite, by reason their ventricle is stuffed with evil humours, and they receive less meat in a week, than they did in a day when they were well. But when a man of a sound body can but pass one or two days without meat: and not be an hungered, that exceeds the rules of nature, and is a Divine miracle. How much more admirable is it, that such a man should fast forty days together in such manner that he feels no hunger, hath no need to resist the desire of eating, nor hath any more appetite to meat or drink, than an Angel? We believe that JESUS CHRIST had a body exceeding temperate and pure, though he were subject to our infirmities according to the condition of his humane natu●…e, sin excepted. We acknowledge likewise that MOSES and ELIAS, when they abstained, forty da●…e together, from meat and drink, were in perfect health at that time, and by a certain prerogative exempted from the common life of men. Whereupon it ensueth that they are justly esteemed for excellent miracles, whereby the authority of those Prophets and of JESUS CHRIST were established. Now it is no novelty that the like effects should happen by the order of things which our most good and mighty GOD hath prescribed to nature, and by an evident miracle against the laws of the same nature. For fevers and divers other diseases, which the Saints have healed, the Physicians do also cure. But the means which they use, make great difference in the case. For the Saints by their word or touch alone, through the grace of GOD, took away the causes of such effects with the necessity imposed upon nature. The Physicians do nothing but oppose unto natural things other like wise natural, whereby if the virtue of the remedies given by the Creator be of greatest strength, and that it be his will it should not be in vain at that time, the cause which doth offend is defaced. JESUS CHRIST thoroughly healed the inveterate course of menstrual blood with the only touch of the hem●…e of his garment, and said he felt that virtue was gone out of him for that effect: but the woman touched that in faith which presented itself to her hand, embracing the power of our Saviour in her thought. We by the art of Physic (whereof he himself, a merciful Father, having pity on man's condition is the true author & institutor) help our s●…lues in the like disseasses with certain medicines. So no question may an abundant phlegmatic humour naturally induce fasting, as appeared in those before named which felt themselves well through the good pleasure of God. But besides these there are infi●…ite miracles, that exceed our understanding, which neither human Art nor Nature itself can any way imitate. Such is the curing of natural blindness: expelling of unclean spirits out of humane bodies; raising of the dead half rotten, and such like, which confirm the authority of the Almighty God. By this I think it appears, that things which are said to happen by a certain Law of nature (although but seldom) reprove not true miracles, nor dimynish their credit: and that he no way contradicteth the Chistian fai●…h which diligently examineth the causes of such events. But rather is not the verity of unfeigned miracles thereby confirmed the better, in taking away the occasion of impostures therewithal, to the end they should not easily abuse the unexperienced people? For if any of those which live without eating, by reason of their cold intemperature, and abundance of phlegm, should counterfeit the Prophet inspired of the ever living GOD, how many thousands might he draw headlong into error and destruction? Verily he is impio●…s and ignorant of true (nay divine) Philosophy which thinking of these things, and considering them, shall affirm it to be wicked and irreligious to go about to distinguish with unpainted reasons between the works (and as we use to say) the miracles of nature and the miracles of GOD▪ Which all good and Godly persons will freely confess do belong to an honest religious, & charitable man. These are Doctor JOUBERTS own words whose book was Printed at Paris the year 1579.  
It hath been told me of a certainty, that there was a Cannon at Salamanca, which went to Toledo, and back again, having remained there fifteen or twenty days, without drinking any drop of Wine or Water, from the time of his setting forth, till his return. But that which puts me into a greater marvel, is that written by PONTANUS in his Book of Meteors. Of a man, that in all his life never drunk a drop of any thing: which LADISLAUS King of Naples understanding, made him drink a little Water, that greatly pained him at his stomach. I have also heard of divers credible persons, that in the Town of Mansill, not far from the City of Leon, was a man living, that used to be two or three months without drinking▪ and never felt any harm or displeasure by it. A. de TORQVEMADO in the first day of his Hexameron, Imprinted the year 1582.   

Singular Modesty, yielding to a severe Censure.  
THere are few men to be found, especially among them that are called learned, which do not highly esteem their own works, and endure reprehensions impatiently. If there be any such found, they deserve to be admired and imitated. MARCILLIUS FICINUS a most learned Philosopher, and renowned Desciple of PLATO in our time, having undertaken PLATO'S works to Translate them out of Greek into Latin, cartyed his Translation unto a very learned Man called MARCUS MUSURUS CANDIOT, to have hi●… advise. MUSURUS seeing that this translation was done hastily, and that it would not satesfie the expectation of many, which did greatly affect it. Being loath to have his friend derided, and to discharge himself of his promise, he takes a sponge and puts it into an Ink pot, and so blots out all the first page of FICINUS translation, then turning towards him (he said) thou seest how I have corrected the first page: if thou wilt I will do as much to the rest. FICINUS without any choler, answered him. It is no reason that PLATO should be disgraced through my fault: then he retired himself, and having his second conceptions better refined, he made a new translation worthy both of the master and the disciple. ZVINGER in the 1. tome of his Theatre.   

A Mocker mocked.  
A Certain man remaining at Onzain near to Amboisse being persuaded by an hostess (who committed the infamous crime of Adultery with him) to make show (for the freeing of her husband of all future jealousy) that he would be gelt by one called M. PETER des SERPENS Surgeon at Villantrois in Berry: he sent for his kins-folks, and after that he had told them that he never durst discover his grief unto them he was in the end brought to that extremity, as he was forced to take that course whereupon he made his will. And to make the better show of it, after that he had said unto M. PETER (to whom he had given a watchword, that he should but seem to do it, and to that end had given him four Crowns) that he pardoned him his death, if he should chance to die, he put himself into his hands, and suffered himself to be bound and trimmed, like unto one that should be cut indeed. But you must know that as the Adulterer had given Mr. PETER a watchword to make but a show of doing it, so the husband after that he had notice of this ●…est, had hired him to do it indeed promising to give him the double of that which he had received of the Adulterer. So as being persuaded by the husband, and having the Adulterer in his power being well and surely bound, he did execute his Office really: then he paid him with this reason, that he was not accustomed to dally with his trade. Behold how the Adulterer was dressed through the Invention of his unchaste Adulteress: and whereas with this policy he sought to cirumvent the husband more than before, he himself was over reached with a deceit much more prejudicial to his own person. Conformity of ancient wonders with the modern.  
A Wollen-draper in one of the chief frontier towns of France, having forgotten GOD, his honour, and the respect of his honest and virtuous Wife, seeking to corrupt a servant of hers, being fi●…nced, and niece to his said Wife; devising of some means to cover his shame, he inuen●…ed one that was very dishonest and infamous. He had a young man to his servant, that was twenty years old, very bashful, who as yet knew no folly. The Master having promised him recompense for his 〈◊〉: and 〈◊〉, persuaded him to go and take his 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 his bed, when his wife should be a sleep, 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 she should begin to slumber, he 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to bid her softly good-night, laying his hand upon her breast, and then turning his back to her, he should approach no more. He in the mean time goes unto his maid a little before her marriage. The young man much amazed at his Commission which was given him, obeyed notwithstanding the dishonest wi●…l of his Master, and observed diligently what he had commanded. But the wife thinking it had been her husband, embraced him, and moved him in such sort, as that night he knew her often, and yet she knew not him. Early in the morning the Master and the servant retire themselves. The Wife casting out some jest unto her husband of his last night's sport, thinking that he and none other had come there, he descovered, but too late, his own misfortune. Wherewith incensed against the young man, he enforced him through his ill usage to fly, and to descover what had happened: yea he procured that far and near his shame was known, and he disgraced. The woman hearing the wicked part her husband had played her, in the end dies for grief. The miserable husband was a scorn to all the world, yea to the basest, having lost all reputation and respect with good men. Memorials of our time.   

A death worthy observation.  
WILLIAM NESENUS a man excellent in the knowledge & fear of GOD, going into a fisher-boat, in the Summertime for to Cross the river of Elba, which passeth from Witteberg to Saxony, as it was many times his manner to row over himself for his pleasure, ran against the body of a tree lying under Water, which over whelmed the boat, and NESENUS in it, who could not swim and three was drowned. This happened in the evening. The same day a little after dinner being a sleep, him thought he entered into a fisher-boat, and fell over board into the Water. Thereupon came PHILIP MELANCHTHON, his very familiar friend, unto whom laughing he declared his dream, accounting it but as a toy. A great parsonage, seeing him lie dead on the shore, cried out with tears in his eyes, ONESENUS, if I had the gift of miracles, how willingly would I raise thee. He was infinitely bewailed both of great and small. MELANCHTHON and CAMERARIVs talking together of this dream and heavy accident called to mind that which had befallen them and NESENUS not many days before. They three riding together into Hesse, and having lain all night at a little town called Trese, in the morning they passed through a brook for to Water their houses. Being in the Water, NESENUS espied three Crows sit beating their wings and croaking on a little hill hard-by: Whereupon he asked of MELANCHTHON what he thought of it: MELANCHTHON presently answered that it signified one of them three should die ere long. CAMERARIUS confesseth that this answer touched him to the quick, and very much troubled him: NESENUS did nothing but nod●…e his head, and went merrily on his way. CAMERARIUS addeth that he was about to ask MELANCHTHON the reason of his Conjecture: and that within a while after MELANCHTHON told him, that feeling himself weak and sickly, he was persuaded he should not live very long. I do not rehearse these things (saith he) as if I attributed any virtue to the flight and motion of Birds, nor do I make any science of conjectures which would be grounded thereupon: no more did MELANCTHON I am sure. But I have declared them, to show that divers times we see marvelous things happen, which after the events drive many thoughts into their heads, that either behold them, or hear them spoken of. JOHN CAMERARIUS in the life of PHILIP MELANCTHON. And ABRAHAM BUCOLCERUS in his chronical Index of the year 1524.  
This History shall make me step one step back, for to propound another no less marvelous of the age before this: in hope that this digression will be no offence to the Readers. AMBROSE GRIMANI a Genowaie, lying in garrison in the I'll and City of Chio, the year 1431. where he carried himself very faithfully and valiantly, and being sound a sleep, one night had this vision following. He thought that an exceeding huge and mighty Serpent with fiery eyes and open throat to devour him. Being terrified with this spectacle, he awaked suddenly, and with great trouble of mind he examined his dream, whereof the next day he makes report to some, who advised him not to go any more to any skirmishes, and to give over the wars: thinking that that was the Monster which threatened him with a violent end. whereupon he resolved to be ruled by them. Not long after, the Soldiers and Inhabitants of the place, provoked by the enemy, made a sally. GRIMANI remembering his vision, followed them fair and softly aloof off, only to behold the fight, and because he would not be in any danger, he hid himself behind a thick wall. But hearing the cries of the combatants, he could not choose but lift up his head, and look through a crevice of the wall. At which very instant a Cannon shot lighted just on that place, and took GRIMANIES' head clean from his shoulders, the body sinking down where he stood. P. BIZERRE▪ in the History and Annals of the Commonwealth of Gen●…way, pag. 787. 788.   

Nature changed.  
IT chanced in our time at Breslaw in Silesia, that a certain young Maid, having been present with many others at the execution of a Thief, which was beheaded, she was so troubled therewith, as she fell to have the falling sickness. They applied many remedies which did her no good. A certain Gossip, (according to the usual custom) gave her advise, saying; If they gave this Maid cats blood to drink, the pain would cease. Those which governed her, following this foolish council, made her to swallow some. But soon after the poor Maid changed her natural disposition, and sometimes took upon her the nature of a Cat, wauling, leaping, and running, as those Beasts do, and watching softly for Rats and Mice, in every corner of the house: trying by all means to catch them. She continued in these Cattish exercises, until the vehemency of her fit was passed. Master MARTIN VEINRICH, in his Commentary of the beginning of Monsters.   

Wonderful Natures.  
THere was a certain Gentle man that could not endure an old woman should look upon him: and as it happened once, that at a banquet there were certain that had been invited, unknown to him, the which could not but look upon him, his apprehension was so great, as he died suddenly. In the same Commentary of Monsters.  
cats offend many with looking on them: so as some hearing or seeing a Cat, tremble, and are much afraid: the which I believe doth not proceed alone from the venom of Cats, but also from their disposition that do see or hear them, for they have by Nature this influence from Heaven, the which is never moved to do her proper action, unless the contrary object present itself. I have seen many of this mind and disposition in Germany, and some remaining in Goritzia. If this proceeds only of a natural quality which is in few, they that are subject unto it, show it plainly: For being in Germany, and supping in the Winter time in a Stove) with very good company, one of the troop was much subject unto that humour. The Hostess knowing the disposition of the Man, shut a little Kitlin which she had bred up, into a coffer within the Stove, lest this man seeing it should be offended. But although he did neither see it nor hear it, yet a while after, having smelled the air of a Cat, his disposition (enemy unto Cats) being stirred, he began to sweat, grow pale, and trembling to cry out, not without amazement to all the company, that there was a Cat hidden in some corner of the Stove. MATHIOLUS upon the 6. Book of DIOSCORIDES, Chap. 25.  
I have known a Princess, adorned with all virtues of the mind and body, that could not endure the sight of a Cat, being otherwise of an active spirit, and armed against all the difficulties of the world. She imputed the cause of this fear, to that which happened to her Mother, being with Child with her: for on a time a Cat did so terrify her, as she sounded, and was long sick of this accident. Cats did not fear her before that time, when as she did see them: but this falling suddenly, as it were in her lap, she was much amazed. THOMAS ERASTUS in his Disputations. HIPPOLYTUS LANZON, a Mantovan Gentleman, did so abhor to see a Hedgehog, as if he were not suddenly drawn away, he would sweat and faint. MARCELLUS D●…NATVS in his Admiral Physical Histories, lib. 6. Chap. 4.  
I have known a Peasant in Normandy, that had never eat Bread, Flesh, Fish, nor Cheese: Eggs were his only food and chiefest nourishment. BRUGEMIN in his first Book of Meat, Chapt. 24. We have also seen JOHN de la CHESMAYE a Parrisien, Secretary to King FRANCIS the first, who did so detest and abhor the smell of fruit or Apples: as he was forced to rise from the Table, when any one was brought. And if they came but near unto his nose, he presently bled. If he did see any by chance, and could not retire himself, he suddenly stopped his nostrils with pieces of bread. We have heard that many, issued out of the noble family of CANDALES in Guienne, have been of that disposition, not to endure the smell of Apples. The same Author.  
JAMES of FARLI an excellent Physician in his time, doth testify of himself, that it troubled him as much the eating of Garlic, as if he had drunk poison, and he added, that the same fits which appeared in them that had drunk poison, came unto him having eating Garlic. Some learned men hold, that this hatred proceeds of an opinion which we have conceived, that those things which we detest are bad, either to all in general, or to us in particular. The same.  
There was at Chauny in Picardy, a Maid of an honest house, about sixteen years old, the which unto that age had never fed of any thing but of Milk. She could not endure the sent of bread, and if they had cast never so little of the crumb into her Milk, she smelled it a far off, the which I have seen with mine eyes, and carefully observed. The same BRUGERIN lib. 2. chap. 6. I have known a man hating Cheese so much, as if they did put never so little in his meat, he presently smelled it, and did cast up his gorge after a strange manner. MARCELLUS DONATUS li●…er 4. of his Physical observations.  
There was an Italian Earl had a footman, who if he had eaten an Egg, his lips began presently to swell, his face looked of a purple hue, marked with black spots in divers places, foaming at the mouth, as if he had taken poison. The same Author.  
An Italian Lady, fair and virtuous, named FRANCISQVINE, wife to Count MATHEW FRANGEPAN, a Nobleman, of great power and worth, was fourteen years old, before she could ever be drawn to eat any flesh. A certain Cardinal did abhor the smell of Roses. Late Physicians say, that there was a whole family at Milan, to whom the use of Cassia was so contrary, as if any one of them took it, he died. The number of those that cannot taste, nor drink any kind of Wine, without offence, is infinite. I have a Son which doth abhor Coleworts. I myself, if I see Pourslaine I loath it. Every man hath some particular affection. SCALIGER in the 153. Exercitation against Cardan. Sect. 10.  
I have known an old woman that did fly the use of Melons, in a hot Country, hosding that meat very agreeable to others of the same place, but for them of her age the worst in the world. My Father could never swallow any part of a Hare, nor of any Fowl. Not long since a Nobleman of account died, who could never eat nor swallow any meat, if it were not somewhat Salted. MARANTA, lib. 3. of the Method to know Simples.  
The youngest Daughter to FREDRICK King of Naples, a worthy Princess, whom I had sometimes in cure for that cause, that she could not eat any flesh, no not taste it. If she did but put any into her mouth, she fell into most strange fits, howling and making horrible cries, falling to the ground, and beating herself most pitifully. The which fits continued half an hour, and then she came to herself. BRASAVOL. in his Comment. 34. upon the 2. Book of Hypocrates, how to live in sharp diseases.  
We have known many, that could not by any means eat any flesh. Others that had rather have tasted of poison, then to have put any Cheese in their mouth. I remember a Spaniard, that had never eaten in all his life before, any Fish whatsoever. Being one day invited to Supper by a friend of his, they presented a Dish of Eggs, in the which there was a little Fish cunningly minced. But he felt it presently, and had such a pain at his heart, as he presently fell to cast, and to have a Flux so vehemently, as all thought he would have died. AMATUS a Portugal in his first century. Cure. 36.  
I have seen a Man in my time, that could not abide neither to eat, see, nor smell Ecles, and if he by chance came into any place, where as any were hidden alive, he could not possibly abide to be there, but was presently in exceeding great pain and grief. Master WEINRICH in his Commentary of Monsters, Chapter. 8. Master AMBROSE PARE makes mention of a Nobleman in France, which d●…d sound as he was sitting at the Table, seeing an Ecle brought in.  
A Learned man a very friend of mine did assare me, that he had seen in the City of Andwerp a certain man which did fall into extreme fits, if at any place where he was invited either to Dinner or Supper, they had brought in a Pig stuff: if he discovered it a far off, he presently changed countenance, and his heart began to faint. JAMES HOSTVIS in his annotations upon LEVINUS LEMNIUS.  
A great Lady being at dinner with an Earl, having eaten a piece of a Cowes-udder (a meat which is very delicate to many) her lips began presently to swell, and to grow wonderfully great: She confessed that she loved that meat, but presently after she had tasted it, her lips did swell in that manner, whereof she knew no reason. The same Author. I have observed the Earl of Arnstad, who did so much abhor salad oil, as they were forced to carry all meat out of the Chamber that was in any sort dressed with it, else he fell suddenly into very dangerous fits. The same Author. Many of our time have not eaten any bread being loathsome unto them. I know a fam●…lie, whereof the Sons can eat no cheese, and the Daughters will eat it with a good appetite. Their Father did not eat any, but hated it, and their Mother did eat it. P. FORESTE in the annotations upon 5. observation of the 4. books where he treats of fevers.  
A Peasant of a certain village near unto Al●…mar in Holland, never received any meat not drink whatsoever, but only cows milk, and yet was as lusty and healthful as any man in those parts. The same Author.  
CONRADE HVOER, a Country man in Suisserland of the village of Tornac in Turgou, a good player of the fife as most in his time, from his infancy unto the age of threescore years that he died, never took any other norrishment, but porridge made with flower, milk and Water. And if to try him, they did mingle the least crumb of bread with it unknown to him, or any other thing whatsoever, he did presently vomit up all again: neither could he swallow any raw milk. As for other meats he could not endure the smell of them, yet he could not possibly taste of them. And for wine he did sometimes taste of it, yet seldom and very little. ZVINGER in the 6. book of the 2. volume of his Theatre.  
There have been many that could not endure the smell of Roses. Being at Rome, I did see the Cardinal CARAFFA, a famous man in his time, who every year in the time of Roses, was forced to retire himself, and to live privately in a Palace of his out of the way, whereas he caused the gates to be shut, and guards to keep them, to give warning that his friends, servants and others that came to visit him and to receive his commandments, should not unadvisedly carry any Roses in their hands. Among the Roman Gentlemen there was one called PETER MELIN, both learned and wise, who was much impaired of his health by the smell of Roses. PIERIUS VALERIANUS liber 8. of Hierogliphiques, treating of the Snail. I have known a lacobine monk, of a Noble house in the City of Venise, who smelling a Rose, or seeing one a far of, felt presently a fainting at his heart, and would fall down in a sown, where he remained as one dead. And therefore the Physicians advised him not to go out of his house in time of Roses, for the preservation of his health. AMATUS a Portugal, century 2. cure. 36.  
Don HENRY de CARDONA, Cardinal, fell into a fever when as any one presented Roses unto him. PHILIP INGRASSE a Pysition upon the question of the di●…t. And in our time there was a Princess which could not by any means endure the smell of a Rose, but did sound alway if any were brought into her Chamber. MARTIN CROMER liber 8. of the History of Poland doth witness, that a Bishop of Bres●…awe named LAURENCE, was smothered with the smell of Roses. Doctor JOHN ECHT a Physician, at the least smell of any sweet perfume, felt a great alteration at the heart, and as soon as ever he did smell a read Rose, he did sneeze wonderfully. CRONENBOURG lib. 10. of the method of Physic.  
A certain man having felt an alteration at his heart seeing the juice drawn out of a stick of Cassia, being sick he entreated his Physician not to mingle the juice in any Physic for him. The Physician having forgotten this advertisement, prescribed him a potion, in the which there was some of this Cassia. The sick man having taken it began to cry out, I am a dead man, the Cassia hath killed me ALEXANDER BENEDICT. in the preface of his book of pestilent fevers.  
There is a whole family in the Town where I dwell, of the which neither Man nor Woman, great nor small can endure any Diaphinicon in their Physic, but all do cast it up again as I have seen by experience oftentimes. MARCELLIUS DONATUS in his book of Mechoacan.  
BERNARD BONY of the Noble family of Ragouses, a young gentleman of twenty years of age, and of a choleric constitution, coming unto me to have me see his urine, and to be helped by my a duice, if I found any Indisposition in his body: I found him to have a pain in the reins of his back & a beginning of the french-pox. I therefore began to write, and to prescribe him some Sirops to send for to the Apothecary. But he willed me that I should make no haste, for that he did abhor all sweet things, as I did find afterwards: as honey, sugar, or any thing that was compounded therewith, all which was poison unto him, and would soon kill him, if he did but taste of it. He could eat no grapes, figs, pears, plums, quinces, poungranets or apples, saying that they were sweet: but he could well digest, nuts, almonds and pignors. Vinegar was his sauce and he tasted salt things well. He could drink no white wine nor malmsey. His drink was water. This disposition considered, I prescribed remedies fit for his disease, wherewith he was eased. AMATUS a Portugal, in the 6. Centur. cure 6.  
There are some bodies, whom mild and gentle Physic doth as much offend as that which is violent: the which the Physicians have often observed in a great Lady in our time, giving her a little Manna to purge her gently: for after that she had taken it, she complained of her belly, she had a desire to cast, cried out and grew weak, she sweat after an extraordynarie manner, and was tormented with sundry other Accidents: and yet she hath been often purged with other stronger potions without any offences. A Nephew of hers, a Nobleman that was warlike, and learned in all sciences, of a choleric constitution, could never be purged by Manna: so as this family seemed to have that peculiar, that Manna was contrary to their dispositions. MARANTA Book 3. of the method to know simples. Chap. 4.   

A doleful Marriage.  
ANTHONY peril a Neapolitaine, a rich young man, but wanting council, having spent almost all his estate, at Cards and Dice, suddenly he fell in love with the Daughter of a notable Merchant, and having sounded her mind, he demanded her in Marriage. The Father called PETER MINIO, refused him by reason of his ill husbandry, so generally known. PERILLUS stung with shame and love, began to revive himself, and gathering together the remainder, he resolved to make a voyage to Alexandria in Egypt, to begin some traffic. To this end he imbarkes with certain Merchants, but having past a good part of the way, they are surprised with a great storm, and after three days the ship which carried him was taken by a Pirate. Being a Captive and in great misery, MINIO a rich Merchant and charitable, (a custom which he had long used) sent certain factors of his upon the Coast of Barbary to redeem ten Neapolitain prisoners out of the hands of the Turkish Pirates: of whom (if they had any goods in their Country) he would seek satisfaction in time. And as for the poor he did gratify them with their ransom. PERILLUS was of the number of these ten, and at his return to Naples having conferred secretly with MINIOS'. Daughter, who promised him marriage, he found means to pay his ransom, and to make a new voyage into the East, where he made a happy traffic, so as in short time he found himself in better estate th●…n his Father had left him: carrying himself moreover so virtuously, as he purchased the love of all men, especially of MINIO, of whom having the second time demanded his Daughter in marriage, she was granted him, to the great content of all his kinsfolks and friends. The marriage was celebrated in june with great joy▪ & as these two young copple were in bed devising of strange things that were passed, behold a violent storm ariseth, with strange thunder and terrible lightning, and in the end there came a clap, which slew them both, embracing one an other, ending the pleasure of their marriage solemnized that day, with the grief and sigthes of their life. They were very honourably interred both together, being followed by all the City with great pomp. History of Italy.   

Adulterers punished.  
WHen as LEWIS the 12. made war against the Venetians, and that all Italy was sore shaken by the fury of this long war: a certain gentleman of Milan being tired with so many miseries, retired himself to a 〈◊〉 of his, to live there more privately. He was a Widower, about threescore years old, having one Son of twenty years of age, and an other much younger. His age, the misery of the time, and his quality should have retained him in the way of honour: but forgetting the duty of a gentleman, he fell in love with a poor farmer's Daughter of his, whom he bought for ready money of the execrable Father, who sold her and delivered her. This strumpet being full of lust and desperately impudent, having served for a time the Father's villainy, fell strangely in love with the eldest Son, whom having sought with divers tricks and devices, in the end, on a certain day, (taking a Cousin of●…ers that was her Ba●…de to help her) she comes unto him, and after the accustomed prefaces of such impudent Creatures, she discovers her breast and her heart unto him, seeking with tears and sig●…hes to draw him to commit Incest. The honest young man amazed at this speech, is so fortified by GOD, as not content with a modest and simple repulse he did sharply apprehend both her that tempted him, and the other that did second her, threatening them with big words.  
The furious lust of this bitch was presently turned into horrible hatred, which makes her to take the way of confusion. As soon as the Father was returned, this strumpet complains unto him, saying, that his Son had sought three or four times to corrupt her: and in the end would have forced her, if her servant had not come to help her. He giving credit to this wicked report, confirmed by the Bawd, began to murmur to himself▪ whereupon his Son comes in, against whom, (without speaking any other words, but ha wicked Traitor, it is against me that thou darest presume to play these parts) he goes with his sword drawn. The young Gentleman turning away to avoid the blow, and not remembering that he was upon a strait not supported, which answered unto two lodgings, he fell backward down to the ground and was all bruised, so as having fallen upon a stone in the bottom of the ditch, he died presently. The Parricide (thinking that he had leapt down of his own accord) did run after him, using new threats. But being come down and seeing his Son in that estate, after cries of ●…urie and despair, with a detestation of his former life and of the wickedness of his strumpet, he thrust himself through with his sword, falling upon the body of his Son, which was yet hot and trembling, and wallowing in their common blood, went the same way. As for the strumpet hearing by the fearful cries of the servants what had happened, thrust on by the revenging furies, or rather pursued by the fearful judgement of almighty GOD, the revenger of innocent blood, she flies towards a well in the house, and leaps into it; where she was drowned. The justice of Milan, being called to see this accident, apprehends the servant, and makes her confess all upon the rack: whereupon she was hanged. Her body with the strumpets and the old man's, were cast upon the dunghill, as a prey for Birds and Wolves. But the young Gentleman was carried to the earth with great pomp, and lamented of all men for his virtues as much as the others were & are yet detested of posterity. History of Italy.  
A Fleming borne at Gand, of so base a parentage, as it was not known, having run through France and other Countries, learned to be hardy both in his words and actions: being grown cunning, speaking divers languages, and well appointed, he came to Bruges, where he get to be admitted into the house of a 〈◊〉 honest and rich merchant, the Father of a very honest maid, of sixteen years of age. This gallant makes them believe that he is of a very good house in Germany, & for that he would not be forced to marry a maid that was not pleasing unto him, he absented himself for a time from his Father's house. Hereupon he carries himself so cunningly, as under a promise of marriage, he corrupts his hosts Daughter and gets her with Child. The Mother after some weeks, having descovered this foul trade, takes her Daughter a part, who in the presence of the Father confesseth her fault. The Father a man of courage not able to endure this affront, lays hold of that Cosener, and pursues him cryminally. Being straightly examined by the judges, he confesseth that he knew not who was his Father, and his Mother had died of poverty, having neither kindred nor any person that did avow him at Gand, where he thought he was borne, nor in any other place. The judges seeing the Impudency of this rogue, who had so unworthly polluted an honourable house, condemned him to be publicly executed. Histories of our time.  
NICHOLAS Prince of Opolia in Silesia, was in his time strangely given to corrupt Wives and Maidens, so as the cha●…est were not assured near him, having continued this wretched course for some time the judgement of GOD laid hold of him in the year 1498. as followeth. He and Prince JOHN his Brother being at Nisse at an Assembly of the States of Silesia, being called by CASIMIR Prince and governor of the Country. It happened that in open assembly, one brought a packet unto CASSIMIR, the which being opened, he gave the letters to the Bishop of Nisse, being then present, to read them. NICHOLAS, a turbulent and violent man, imagining it was some party made against him, to seize upon his person, lays hold on his Dagger, and suddenly runs against CASSIMIR and the Bishop, whom he hurt, but lightly, for that many Noblemen and Gentlemen, thrust themselves presently betwixt them. NICHOLAS having failed of his attempts, saves himself in the Sanctuary of the Temple, from whence he was drawn by the Bishop's commandment, who alleged, that in such cases they should not respect the Ecclesiastical laws, and that he would easily consecrate the place again. NICHOLAS being brought back unto the assembly, and greatly blamed, was committed to prison, and the next day the 27. of june, by a sentence given by the Magistrate, he was publicly beheaded. The custom of those times was, that they wear no breeches when they came to that place: when as the body of NICHOLAS fell, it was seen in that estate, that Nature so much corrupted by him, seemed to reproach him with his former filthiness before all the world, JOACH, CUREUS, in his Annals of Silesia, pag. 218.   

Vehement Passions of Sorrow, Ioy, jealousy, Fear and Heaviness.  
IN the time that CAESAR B●…RGIA Duke of Valentinois, and son to Pope ALEXANDER the sixth did rule in Rom●…gnia, as FRANCIS GVIC●…HARDINE doth show in his History of the wars of Italy, there was in the Town of CESENA, a young man called LIVIO, who being in love with his neighbours Daughter, named CAMILLA, and repulsed at the first, fell so sick, as he was ever at death's door. CAMILLA hearing thereof, changed her opinion: and going to see LIVIO'S Sister, who was also grievously sick in a chamber near unto him, her voice being known by LIVIO, he was surprised with so vehement a passion, as after some noise, his speech and strength failed him. His Sister and CAMILLA running unto him, (for there was none but a thin partition of wood,) CAMILLA not able to dissemble any longer, began to join her face to his, so as he came again unto himself, and heard her say, that if her Father would like of the marriage, she would not contradict it. LIVIO being recovered, demands CAMILLA, according to the accustomed course among Men of honour. The Father refers all to the return of his eldest Son from Rome: CAMILLA expecting this return, grew so familiar with LIVIO, as without any longer stay, they contract marriage, by a present promise. This Brother named CLAUDIO, diverted the Father from this marriage, so as LIVIO was dismissed, and CAMILLA grew so sorrowful, that after many faintings, she betook her to her bed. LIVIO on the other side did press her by Letters and secret messages, to the accomplishment of their marriage. They find means to talk together, and appoint an hour 〈◊〉 night for their secret marriage. The which having performed and lie●… together, the young man transpor●… with joy, and the violence of his desire, died, lying 〈◊〉 CAMILLA, who feeling him stark cold and with●… 〈◊〉, gave also up the ghost. The servant who had 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Instrument to carry messages, began to cry 〈◊〉▪ 〈◊〉 Brother came running and seeing this desaster, 〈◊〉 her a mortal wound: She declares all, and dies two days after. CLAUDIO had his head cut off for this murder. History of Italy.  
In the war which King FERDINAND made against the widow of JOHN King of Hungary, about Buda: a Man at Arms was especially noted, for that he carried himself very valiantly in a certain charge▪ and being unknown, was wonderfully commended and lamented, being slain there: but of none so much as of RAISCIAT, a German Nobleman, who admired his rare virtue. The body being brought back, and he approaching to see it, after a common curiosity: his Arms being taken off, he descovered that it was his Son. This did move more compassion in the assistants, but he alone, without speaking any word, or shutting his eyes, but standing right up, and steadfastly beholding the body of his Son, until that the violence of his grief, had so vanquished his vital spirits, as he fell down dead to the ground. PAUL JOVIUS in his Histories. MONTAIGNE, lib. 1. of his Essays. Chap. 2.  
In the year 1501. when as the French did conquer the realm of Naples the second time, under the command of the Lord of Aubigny, Lieutenant to King LEWIS the twelfth. One of the Sons of GILBERT Duke of Montpenzier, going to Pouzzol to see his Father's Tomb (being dead in the former wars of Italy, and there interred) was so oppressed with grief, as after the shedding of many tears, he fell doowne dead upon the Sepulchre. FRA. GVIC●…HARDINE Lib. 5. of the wars of Italy. Sect. 5.  
About the end of the year 1505. the Cardinal HIPPOLTTO of Este, loving a young Maid his kinswoman very vehemently, and she affecting Don JULIO the cardinals Bastard-Brother with no less good will, confessed freely unto the Cardinal, that above all things that which made her so amiable, was the beauty of Don JULIOS' eyes: the Cardinal full of fury, watching a time when as JULIO went out of Ferrara a Hunting, compassed him about in the field, and taking him from his Horse, he caused certain Ruffians of his to pull out his eyes, for that they were companions of his love: Having the heart to behold this wicked act, the which was afterwards the cause of great scandals among the brethren. FRRNCIS GVICCHARDINE in the end of the sixth Book of the war of Italy. FERDINAND Brother to ALPHONSO Duke of Ferrara, and of JULIO above named, whose eyes Cardinal HIPPOLITO of Este had caused to be pulled out, yet by the speedy help of the Physicians, they were put in again, without loss of his sight, conspired the Duke's death with the said JULIO. FERDINAND, who was second brother unto the Duke, was moved thereunto through covetousness, to seize upon the Duchy, and JULIO for that it seemed unto him that ALPHONSO did not apprehend the wrong that had been done him, being out of hope to be revenged of the Cardinal by any other means. Count ALBERTUS BOSCHET, a Gentleman of Modena, was acquainted with their counsels and practise: and having won & corrupted some men of base condition, which were continually near to ALPHONSO, to give him delight, they had oftentimes great means to kill him: but restrained by a fatal fear, they always let slip the occasion, so as the matter being discovered (as it happens almost always, when the execution of a conspiracy is deferred) FERDINAND and his confederates were imprisoned, & JULIO, who (the conspiracy being discovered) was fled to Mantova to his sister: was by the Marquis decree sent prisoner to ALPHONSO, after a promise made that he would not put him to death. Count ALBERTIN with his confederates were quartered, and the two brethren condemned to perpetual prison, in the new Castle of Ferrara. GVICCHARDINE lib. 7. sect. 3.  
The Cardinal of Pavia, the Pope's Legate, being fled out of Bolonia, besieged by the French in the year 1511. and was the cause of the loss of it, and of many other great disorders which ensued, being accused by some of Infidelity, and by others of cowardice and indiscretion. Being retired to Ravenna, to purge himself of that which had happened, he gave notice of his coming to the Pope, and demanded audience: whereof the Pope who loved him exceedingly, was very joyful, and invited him to dine with him. But as he went, being accompanied with GVY of Vain his Brother in law, and of his guard of Horsemen. The Duke of Urbin General of the Pope's Army, an ancient enemy to the Cardinal, being yet mad with disdain and despite, for that he had said, that the rebellion and loss of Bolonia, had come through his fault, and by that means the Army put to rout, whereof he was General, he went towards him, and being entered among the Horsemen of his guard, (who to do him honour, made him place) he slew this Cardinal with his Poniard, it may▪ be unworthy for the degree which he held, the which ought not to have any violence nor outrage offered unto it, but otherwise most worthy of any cruel punishment, for his infinite and odious vices. GVICCHARDINE lib. 9 sect. 18.  
The Lord YVES of Alegre, Captain of a company of men at Arms, at the Battle of Ravenna, in the year 1512. seeing a Bataylion of Italian foot to make head against the Gascoigne, he gave them so furious a charge, as he forced them to retire, but with more valour then good hap, in regard of the success: for the Seigneor of Vivaraiz his own Son, having been slain before his eyes, he being loath to survive so great an affliction, rides into the thickest of his enemies, where he was slain, (after the death of many of his enemies) fight as it did become a valiant Captain. GVICCHARDINE, lib. 12. Sect. 14.  
PHILIP Father to PETER STROSSH, chief of the banished men of Florence, against Duke COSMO of Medicis, having been taken prisoner in fight, fearing to be put to death by the hands of justice, he resolved to kill himself: Whereupon a Spaniard that kept him came unto him, & going out of the Chamber whereas PHILIP was, he unadvisedly left his sword there. Being a little gone, PHILIP bars the door unto him, and suddenly takes the sword, setting the point against his throat, he falls on it with all his force▪ and so kills himself upon the Table. They found upon the table a little note written with his own hand, showing, that seeing he could not live as his estate required: he had shortened his days, for that he would no longer remain in the world. P. JOVIUS in his Histories: Supplement of Sabellic.  
ANTHONY VRIE, surnamed CODRUS, a learned man in our time, as his written works do witness, had his Chamber and his Study behind the Palace of FORLI, but so dark from day light, until nine of the clock as of necessity he was enforced to have a Candle. He used a Lamp of earth, very fair and artificially made, on the top whereof was graven a devise in Latin, containing, That those studies which smelled of the Lamp, smelled well. Having left it light in his Chamber, going one morning into the Town about his business. In his absence (no man knows how) fire took hold of his Papers, and in a short time of all the corners of his study, where as all was consumed, both Papers, Books, and movables. Among other writings of his hand, there was a Book burnt, entitled, Pastor, with all the rest of his estate, in regard of worldly goods. They say, that at the first brute of this fire, he entered into such a rage against himself, as crying out like a madman, and running up and down the streets towards the Palace, being near unto his Chamber, where-at he durst not enter for fear of the fire: he began to say, addressing his speech to the Son of GOD: What have I done to thee, O CHRIST? or how have I offended thine, that thou shouldest strike me, and display upon me a testimony of thine inexpiable hatred. Then turning to an Image of the Virgin MARY. Hearken Virgin what I say unto thee with a settled judgement, and as I believe. If happily at the hour of my death I recommend myself unto thee, hear me not, neither accept me in the number of thine, for I make account to be damned. His friends there present did what they could to temper this fury: but the boiling choler, causing a fire in this miserable man's heart, more flaming and violent than any worldly fire, would not suffer him to hear any thing that might comfort him. He was so oppressed with his passion, as having threatened all his friends, if they continued to follow him, he went out of the Town, and not able to be stayed, he got into a thick Forest near unto Forly: where as he passed all that day in terrible discourses, and agitations of the mind, as every one may conjecture. Returning late, and finding the doors shut, he lay upon a dunghill until daie-light. In the morning he enters, goes and hides himself in a Carpenter's house, where he continued six whole months. Without any books, or conference with any man. He lived a good while after, quite changed from what he was, careless of the true or false religion, and died miserably. BARTHELM●…WE of Bolognia in his life.  
In the year 1552. ALDANA a Spaniard Lieutenant to King FERDINAND in the war of Hongarie, going to the siege of Segedin, he committed FIGVEROA a Spanish Captain to the guards of boats at the passage of a River named Tisefeu, who having news of ALDANAS shameful flight upon a vain fear, did as his Commander, and having left the passage, he studied how to make his retreat. Soon afterwards being in rage against himself, for his error, he resolved to kill himself, the which his rider did hinder all he could: but FIGVEROA being determined to do the deed, he entreated his rider to stay for him under a tree, whilst that he went to untruss a point. His man who had taken his arms from him, obeyed him in the rest. But being at his ease under the tree, he fell a sleep, attending his Master; FIGVEROA, approaching softly unto him, stool away a pistol, wherewith he slew himself upon the place. ASCANIUS CENTURIUS Book 4. of his Hi●…torie of the war of Transiluania.  
The Venetians having been defeated at Guiaraddade by King LEWIS the twelfth the fourteen day of May 1509 and then spoiled of most of that which they held upon the main land, being amazed at their Losses, and fearing least the King should proceed with his victories, their affairs in their own opinions being reduced to the extremity: the fear which they had conceived was so violent, as without any good consideration of themselves or advice, their companies being retired to a place called Mestre, living at discretion, without any military discipline: they resolved to quit the Seigneurie of the firm Land, that they might have no more the Emperor, King, nor Pope for their enemies, as before they had: as also to take all occasion from the King of approaching to Venise. They feared some tumult also in the City by the people, or by the great multitude of Strangers that did inhabit there: these for the desire of spoil, and those because▪ they would not endure, seeing they were borne in the same C●…ttie, and many of the same blood and family, to see themselves deprived of honours and public charges, and to be in a manner subject to the Gentlemen in all things. To increase their despaier and want of courage, this reason was yet alleged in the Senate, that if they did willingly abandon and quit the signory, to fly the present dangers, good fortune returning they should recover it the more easily: for that the people which had been voluntarily separated from them, would make no so great resistance not to return under the obedience of their ancient Lords, as if they had been divided by a manifest rebellion. By these reasons, the Venetian generosity was laid under foot, with the greatness of that glorious Commonweal, being content to retain only the salt Waters, they sent Commissions to their Magistrates and officers that were in Padova, Verona and other Towns, appointed by the atticles of the League, to the Emperor MAXIMILIAN; commanding them to depart presently, and to leave them in the people's power. Moreover, to the end they might obtain a peace of MAXIMILIAN, at what price and with what conditions soever: they sent unto him with great speed ANTHONY JUSTINIAN for Ambassador, who having a public audience, he made a pitiful oration, and with great submission: but it was in vain, for the Emperor refused to make any accord without the King with whom the Venetians would not by any means treat. This Oration you may read at large in GVICIHARDIN, the which doth show (as appears by the Annotations in the margin) the baseness of mankind, which adversity doth lay open, and show what it is, that is to say wretched in every sort: and that when as man's eloquence is amazed, his discouses are Childish, and full of importunate and insupportable fllaterie. To conclude, in all the Venetians submissions, who yielded themselves as it were with halters about their necks, to one that could not greatly relieve them, we see daily the fruits of fear, which subjects all politic States as well as private persons, to base actions, and the soueraig●…e judge abating the power of their seats, and confounding the greatest and wisest wits of this world. FR. GVICHIARDIN Book 8. Sect. 7. 8. 9  
In that famous Battle of Pavia, in the year 1524. JOHN DIESPACH, Colonel of the Swisses, seeing his Battay lion charged and put to rout, by the Marquis of Guast, general of the Imperial foot, having made no fight, and that neither with words, nor with his sword he could make their ensigns turn again he was so oppressed with grief, as he resolved to have no share in this infamous retreat. whereupon he runs desperately among the enemies, and their fight valiantly, died like a worthy Commander in the War. P. JOVIUS in the life of the Marquis of Pescara liber 16.  
POMPERANT, a French Gentleman, seeing Averse taken by the troops of the Emperor CHARLES the 5. being amazed at this inconvenience, lifting up his eyes to Heaven, and oppressed with extreme sorrow, he fell down to the Earth, and so died with his eyes open, notwithstanding any remedies that could be applied unto him. P. JOVIUS lib▪ 26. of his Histories.  
ZEANGER Son to SULTAN SOLYMAN, seeing upon the ground, the body of his Brother MUSTAPHA who had been strangled with a bowstring, by the Father's commandment: in the presence of this Parricide, ●…ee pulled out his poniard, and after some reproaches, slew himself. ASCANIUS CENTORIUS Book 6. of the wars of Transiluania. ALPHONSO ALBUGVERGVE, Lieutenant for the King of Portugal at the East-Indies, having about the year 1514. settled Governors in Malaca, to administer justice to merchants, being two noblemen of the Country, the one called NINACHETVEN, the other VTERIMVTA●…AIA; a while after he changed his opinion, and entreated NINACHETVEN to resign his dignity, to give it to an other Nobleman, that was King of Campar, which is a little kingdom in those Countries towards the South. NINACHETVEN understanding that they were gone tofetch this petty King, to install him in his place, resolved with himself not to endure to be so degraded. He therefore caused a high Scaffold to be built, supported by certain Pillars, hung with Tapestry, and beautified with Flowers, and store of Perfumes. This done, he put on a robe of cloth of gold, all covered with precious Stones▪ being thus appointed, he came into the street, and went up the stairs unto the Scaffold. There was below a pile of sweet Wood, orderly laid and kindled. This extraordinary pomp of NINACHETVEN, caused all men to open their eyes and ears, being ignorant what this preparation meant. Then began NINACHETVEN to make a pitiful speech, and first of all he remembered the services which he had done to the Portugals before the taking of Malaca: what he had done since in favour of their King: and how constant and faithful he had showed himself in his duty, with what resolution he had hazarded his life in many places, for proof of his loyalty. That for recompense of so many good services, the Portugals would defame his old age in that sort, as it was impossible to find a man that had his honour in any recommendation, that could digest such a disgrace: for they despoiled him of the cha●…ge which they themselves had given him: they degraded him of his honours, making so small an account of him, as to have him end his days ignominiously, and to be a fable and scorn to all the world. That for his part he had ever valued his life less than his honour, and had resolved to die, to preserve his reputation: and therefore at that instant he did willingly change his life with death, rather than to endure the aff●…ont which they meant to do him. Ending his speech, he cast himself into the fire, where he ended his life. Eu●…ry one lamented and wept for this man thus dead, considering what he had done for the Portugals, his fidelity in all Accidents, and the pitiful end of his age: so as many were much amazed at this spectacle. OSORIUS lib. 9 of his History of Portugal Chap. 27.  
A rich merchant falling in love with a certain maid yielded so much unto his passion, as he was transported beyond the bounds of reason, so as he became mad, and seized with a strange melancholy like humour, so as he was tormented with horrible visions both by day and night: some times crying out and storming, sometimes laughing with open throat: He swore that his best beloved was continually before his eyes, he flattered and made much of her: as if she had been present: then suddenly he would blame her, and outrage her in every sort, for that she refused to love him. He spoke not but of her, all the day he did nothing but sigh and complain: the night he had his eyes still open with sorrowing, and had often killed himself, if his kinsfolks and friends had not kept him. Having continued seven months in this estate, I was called to help him, and with great difficulties by the grace of GOD, I did Physic him so happily, as he recovered his former wits again FR. VALERIOLA in his Pysicall observations book 2. Obserua. 7.  
A Councillor of the Parliament at Grenoble being taken with the love of a Gentlewoman, was so wonderfully passioned, as he left his place and all honesty, to follow her where-soevershee went. Being contemned by her, he grew so careless of his own person, as he was full of Lice, which got such an habit in him, as he could never be freed of them, for they grew upon him, and came out of all parts of his body, as we see worms come out of rotten Carrion. Finally some days before his death, seeing himself touched with the hand of GOD, he began to despaier of his mercies▪ and to shorten his days, he resolved to star●…e himself: besides the Lice had taken such hold upon his throat, as if they would choke him. They that saw this pitiful spectacle were much amazed, and for pity concluded to force him to eat: and to make him take some coulisses, and for that he resisted them with all his force, they bound his arms, and kept his mouth open with a staff, whilst they put in the meat. Being thus used, he died like a mad beast, through the aboudance of Lice, which entered into his throat. This happened in the year 1559. The second History of France.  
Pope LEO the 10. being advertised of the taking of Milan, which he had extremely desired, fell into such an excess of joy, as a fever took him and he died. MONTAIGNE liher 1. of his Essays. Chap. 2. PAUL. JOVIUS in the life of LEO the tenth. lib. 4. SINAN general of the Turks Galleys, having recovered his only Son, whom he held to be lost, died suddenly for joy of. JOVIUS in his Histories. Some woman have died for joy, sorrow and other violent passions. But we will speak thereof in an other Book. At the battle of Serisoles, Mounsieur D' ANGVIEN offered once or twice to kill himself, despairing of the day, for that it was not successful whereas he did fight, thinking by his rashness to deprive himself of the Glory of so goodly a victory. The Isle of Gaza being forced by the Turks some years since, a Sicilian that had two fair Daughters ready to marry, slew them with his own hand, and their Mother who came running to their death. This done he went into the street with a Crossbow and a Harquebus, and with two shot slew two of the first Turks that approached near his door and taking his sword in his hand, he went furiously among them, where he was suddenly cut in pieces, and so he freed himself from bondage, after that he had delivered his Children. MONTAIGNE Book 2. of his Essays Chap. 3.  
It was told me that a prisoner of quality, being in the Concergerie at Paris, his friends being advertised that he should be undoubtedly condemned; to avoid the infamy of such a death, they suborned a Priest to tell him, that the Soweraigne means for his delivery, was to recommend himself to a certain Saint with such a vow, and that he should remain eight days without taking of any norrishment, notwithstanding any weakness or fainting that he should feel. He believed him, and by this means was the cause of his own death, without thinking of it. The same Author.  
Some years since, two Leagues from my house there was a Country man, who lived long since, having his head long troubled, with jealousy of his Wife, coming one day from his work, and she welcoming him home with her accustomed cries, he entered into such fury, as presently with his hook which he held in his hand, he cut off those pieces which put him into this great fever, and threw them suddenly at her face. And it is said, that a young Gentleman of our own Nation, having by his importunity seduced a Gentlewoman: growing desperate that being ready to enjoy her, he could not perform any thing, he presently cut of his own privy parts in his Lodging, and sent this cruel and bloody sacrifice, for a purgation of his offence. MONTAIGNE liber 2. of his Essays Chap. 29.  
ANDREW CONTAREN a Venetian Gentleman, being sickly and by reason of his Indisposition somewhat weak of brain, made suit to have some charge of importance. Being refused in open Council, and coming soon after into the company of divers young Gentlemen. Who thinking to jest with him said that FRANCIS FOSCARIN Duke of Venise had been the cause of his repulse, and that during his life, CONTAREN must never hope to be advanced. Being possessed with a violent passion of choler and despite, he watched a time when as the Duke came down into the golden Chapel to hear Mass. He stays upon the stairs, makes show to have some business of importance to impart unto him. Those did accompany the Duke went aside, that CONTAREN might have the more liberty to speak unto him. Then he drew forth a poinard from under his cloak with the which he had slain the Duke, if the Ambassador of Sienna had not stayed CONTARENOS arm, so as instead of striking him into the body, he did hit him in the cheek near the nose. Presently many Senators run thither, they save the Duke and seize upon CONTAREN who sought by all means for to save himself. Afterwards he had his hand cut off upon the same stairs, and then was hanged in the accustomed place. Such was the reward of his violent passion. SABELLICUS Book 1. of his 3. Decade.  
The violence of despair was strange in LAURENCE LEURENTINIAN a learned Physician at Florence. Having bought a house, and paid a third part of the price; with a condition, that if he paid not the rest with▪ in six months, it should be lost: The time being come, having no money to satisfy, he was so troubled, as without any further advice he cast himself headlong into a deep Well, at what time PETER SODERIN, great Gonfalonier of Florence, governed the Commonweal before the Rule of the Medicis. P. JOVIUS in the Life of famous men.  
I have seen a man which grew fearful and amazed of himself, crying out sometimes like a Child; though otherwise he had as much Force and courage as any man could have. It is reported also of a Nobleman of Spain, that he was so full of fear, that if they did but shut any door of the house wherein he was at a certain hour in the night, he conceived such a fear and was so troubled, as oftentimes he would cast himself out at the Windows. ANT. TORQVEMADO in the third journey of his discourses.  
I have seen a woman my near K●…ns-woman troubled with a certain Melancholic humour, which some term Mirrachie, (the which doth sometimes cause frenzy and madness in them that are touched with it) so to help herself with discretion and reason as it could never vanquish her. It was strange to see the combat betwixt Reason and Melancholy in this Woman, which cast herself groveling upon the ground in the extremity of her fit, tore her clothes, cast stones at them that looked on her, fought with them that met her, and committed many such other follies: but through reason she continued so constant, as in the end this humour left her, remaining as sound and perfect of judgement as before. In the same Author.  
In the year 1558. the Curate of Curpre in Scotland, seeing that his Parishioners (to the contempt of the authority which he thought to have over them) were in despite of him entered into his Parish Church, and beaten down all the Images, he fell into such a choler, melancholy, and despair, by reason of this act, as he slew himself with his own hands. BUCHANAN, liber 6. of his History of Scotland. A certain man did so abhor all Physic, as the very smell of a potion did so move him, as he was forced to go seven times to the stool instantly, whereas he that had taken the same po●…ion should go but thrice. Master AMBROSE PARE in his Introduction to Surgery. Chap. 22.  
A Groom of the Lord of Lansacs' Chamber reported, that a French Gentleman being in Poland, had a quarten Ague, and walking along the River of Vistula, in the beginning of his fit, he was thrust by a friend of his in jest into the River: wherewith he was so terrified, that although he could swim very well, and the other also that thrust him, yet he never after had any fever. The same Author. Chap. 23. At the Camp at Amiens, King HENRY the second commanded me to go to Dourlan, to dress many Captains and Soldiers which had been hurt by the Spaniards at a sally. Captain Saint AVEIN, lying near to Amiens, as valiant a Gentleman, as any was in his time in France, although he had when the Alarm was given a fit of a quarten Ague, risse out of his bed and went to Horse, to command a part of his company, where he was shot through the neck with a Harquebus, the which made him to apprehend death so much, as he presently lost his Ague, and was afterwards cured of his wound, and lived long after. The same Author.  
FRANCIS VALLERIOLA a most famous Physician at Arles, writes in the 4. observation of the 2. book of his observations, of an Inhabitant of the said Town of Arles, called JOHN BERLE, who had line many years bed-ridde, by reason of a palsy. It happened that the chamber whereas he did lie was on fire, burning the boards and some stuff near unto his Bed. He seeing himself in danger to be burnt, with much pain got unto a Window, out at the which he cast himself, and began presently to walk, and was cured of his palsy. The same VALERIOLA writes in the same Observation, a strange History of a Kinsman of his called IO●…N SOBIRAT, who lay at avignon, lame of both his Legs, having had his Hams shrunk up with a Convulsion about six years. One day he grew into so great a choler against his servant, as reaching at him to strike him, the Sinews stretched forth presently and grew supple, so as his Legs recovered their strength, and he went right up, & so continued ever after, The same Author.  
The Archbishop of Bourges, a very old Man, who had not gone of four years before, hearing that a certain troop of horse (which the Earl of Montgommery had brought from Orleans) had surprised Bourges; and knowing how much he had wronged and offended them that were then at that instant the strongest, carried away with this apprehension, he found his legs so well, as he went on foot from his Chamber into the street, and so to the great Tower causing all his money and plate to be carried with him. The History of the first troubles of France under CHARLES the 9 lib. 7.  
At the same time near to Issoudun in Berry, the Seigneor of Condray (whose Castle was besieged by the Lord of Yuoys troops) having a little before taken certain poor men, and delivered them to the Seigneor of Sarzay, then commanding in Yssoudun, who had commanded them to be hanged: he fearing to be taken saved himself in a farm house of his, called Roveziers, where he died of Fear. In the same History, and in the same book.  
In a Town in Italy called Eugubio, there was a Man much tormented with jealousy, who seeing that he could not descover if his Wife abandoned herself to any other, having threatened to do her a shrewd turn, he gelded himself, that if afterwards she should happen to be with child, she should presently be found guilty of Adultery. Lib. 1. Of the conference of Ancient wonders with modern.  
I have seen with mine eyes, a Gentleman sitting by a Gentlewoman, an honest Widow, whom he sought to marry, as afterwards he did. Discoursing with her one day at Dinner, a vain of the Temple near unto his Ear, opened of itself from the which there issued and came very much blood, the which he thought to stop with his Handkerchief. I was sitting at the table with them in a Castle whether I was called to cure a Gentleman that was sick. MAT. CORNAX, lib. 1. Of his consultations of Physic. chap. 3.  
A young maiden being kept from marriage grew so sad as she wept continually, and would admit no comfort, whereof followed an extreme pain in her head, which bread a falling sickness whereof soon after she died. The same Author.  
A certain Knight an Albanois, having after great su●…e obtained an honest Italian Widow to his wife, being one of the fairest women of her time, after some months he grew jealous of her without any cause, with a wonderful strange passion. For he had no opinion of her that she either had or would wrong her honour: but only he was troubled what should become of her after his death, fearing lest any other should enjoy so rare a beauty. Upon this passion which did torment him continually he takes a furious resolution. One night which was the last, having showed all the love he could devise unto his wife, who loved him sincerely: in the end he drew a naked Dagger from under his bed's head, and embracing his wife with the one hand, he stabbed her with the other. Which done he strikes himself to the heart, and dies presently. The wife not quite dead, reports the whole history to such as came running ●…n at the cry of her chambermaid, and that the Knight had discovered his strange and cruel jealousy, a little before he struck her, and then she died quietly. Hist. of Italy.  
A young Gentleman in the Emperor CHARLES the fifth his Court, being in love with a Gentlewoman wrought so, as partly by love, partly by force he had her maidenhead, the which being known, and having committed this act in the Emperor's Court, he was committed to prison and condemned to lose his head: and having notice given him over night, that the next day should end his life, that night was so terrible unto him, and wrought such an impression, as the next day coming out off prison, to go before the seat of justice, & hear the sentence of death, no man did know him, no not the Emperor himself. For fear had so changed him, that whereas the day before he had a vermilion hew, of a flaxen hair, and of a pleasing aspect: he was now like unto a body taken out off the Grave, having the hair of his head and beard, like to one of seventy years old, and he had the resemblance more of one that had been hanged, then of a living man.  
The Emperor thinking there had been some fraud used, and that some other offender had been foisted into this Gentleman's place, who was not yet 28. years old, he caused a search to be made, whence this wonderful and sudden change should come. and then beholding wistly this poor offender thus terrified, the desire of just vengeance was converted and turned into mercy: and as it were revived out of a deep amazement, he said unto him. I pardon thy offence; commanding that they should let him go, adding withal that he had been punished sufficiently for his fault, without the loss of his head. LEVINUS LEMNIUS lib. 2. chap. 2. Of the complexion of man's body. whereunto he doth add certain reasons of this strange alteration. The which I here set down adding some words for the better explaining thereof.  
Being demanded of a great parsonage the cause of this prodigious change; I answered that we must impute it to the deep apprehension and attentive thought of approaching death, peercing through the heart: for the affection and passion of the mind, being amazed was so violent and so bitter to the young Gentleman, as the vital spirits were almost quenched and suffocated in him, all the parts of the body losing their lively and pleasing colour, did wither and fade suddenly; so as the roots of the hair, nourished and watered by the fuming vapour that is betwiut the skin and the flesh, as the herbs in the ground, that are touched with a cold and dry quality, they did wither, and presently lose their natural beauty: for even as the leaves of Trees and Vines in the heat of Summer grow some times y●…alow and pale, by any excess of heat, hail, rain or a cold Northerly wind: even so the vigour of the body, the colour, the outward show, the hair which is no part, but simply a dependence of the body, takes the colour of grey or white, because that which did maintain them is quenched. The which we do see happen to most men that have been in dangers in the Wars, or in hazard at Sea, or that have been touched with dangerous diseases: for than they think but of one thing, which is, that Death hath taken them by the throat, if not perchance (through long custom, solid instruction and good resolution by the precepts of true Philosophy, and by the assistance of more than a human spirit) they be not accustomed nor used to fear so much. The which we see is ordinary and common in many old Soldiers and Martiners in regard of their long and continual practice.  
When as the horror of Death surpriseth any one, or that the imagination thereof, more bitter than death itself is framed in the thought, they die sometimes before they are dying, as it hath happened unto many, or else the Senses are dulled and mortified, so as the offenders feel not the strokes, as we have seen in many that have been be-headed, and broken upon the Wheel, resembling men that have Apoplexies, Lethargies, falling-sickness, Sowndings; or like to others which open their eyes, yet neither see nor know any man. The dangers incident to Sea and Land, whereas the Image of Death appears before their eyes, and doth fix itself more strongly in the thought, make them that are in them to tremble and look pale: the blood retires itself and flies from all parts towards the fortress of the heart: all the parts of the body in an instant want their nourishment, not any one doth discharge his due function, but the feet stagger, the sight grows dim, the force fails, the understanding becomes blunt, the spirit dull, the cheeks lean and withered, the tongue fumbling, and the teeth shaking in the head. To conclude there is no man, how strong and confident so ever, that is not amazed when any mortal danger surpriseth him suddenly.  
True it is that a Christian fixing his hope in the grace of GOD, recovers his spirits by little and little, shakes of fear, assures himself, and becomes invincible, opposing himself with a cheerful and undaunted courage to any danger that he sees inevitable: except that that for death is horrible and fearful to all Nature which hath breathing of life: for that it destroys this nature. We see some that are dull, some furious and mad, and others that are altered by decrepit age, by bodily indisposition, by erroneous precepts and doctrine, by violent and disordered passions more than fear, which apprehend nothing, but perish in danger and are extinct before they doubt any thing.  
another young Gentleman a Spaniard, called JAMES OSCRIO, borne of a Noble family, grown in love with a Gentlewoman of the Court, having made an appointment with her, he climbs up into a thick tree in the King's Garden, and hid himself there, expecting his opportunity. Thereupon a little Dog comes, who by his baying discovers him whom they cause to come down, to commit to prison, that he might answer with the hazard of his head, this crime which was held capital in those places, for divers reasons. Sentence of death being given against him, he was so terrified as the next day he was grown all white, like a man of fower-score years old, and was no more known than the other. In like sort the King of Spain Grand father to CHARLES' the fifth, gave him his pardon. HADR. JUNIUS in his commentary of the hair of the head. ca 10. LO: VIVES in his preface upon SCIPIO'S dream.  
Reason doth teach and examples do confirm that black hair or any other colour grow white through fear, If that which nourisheth the hair fails, we grow bald: if it be corrupted, they grow white, for that an unkind and an unnatural humour succeeds that which is grown could, we have a history in our time under FRANCIS GONZAGVE: he having suspected one that was allied unto him of treason, caused him to be imprisoned in a strong Tower, resolving to give him the rack, and to put him to death. The next day morning his keeper came to tell him that the prisoner was grown all white. This accident did mollify the Prince's heart, causing him to pardon and give the prisoner his life. JULIUS CAESAR SCALIGER in the 312. exercitation against CARDAN.  
A Falconer seeking on the top of a high Rock for an Eyrie of Sparrowhawkes, feeling the Rope, which he went down by to break, conceived such a fear, as suddenly his hair grew white. CAEL. RHODIGINUS, lib. 13. chap. 27. Of his ancient lessons. I have known some, which being escaped beyond all hope from shipwreck, have in a moment grown all grey. HADR. JUNIUS in his Commentary of the hair of the head, chap. 10.  
I am no good Naturalist (as they term them) neither do I know well how Fear doth work in us; but undoubtedly it is a strange passion, and the Physicians say, that there is not any one doth sooner trans-port the judgement out off her due place. I have seen many that have grown mad through fear, and it is certain in them that are most settled, whilst the fit continues, it doth cause terrible amazements. I leave to speak of the vulgar sort, to whom it doth some times represent their great Grandfather coming out of the Grave in a sheet, sometimes wild-Woolues, Hobgoblins, and bugbeares. But even among Warriors themselves, where it should find least place, how often hath it changed a flock of Sheep into a squadron of Corseletts? Reeds and Canes, for Men at Arms and Lances: our Friends for our Enemies? and a White Cross for a Red? When as the Duke of Bourbon took Rome, an Ancient that was in guard in Saint PETER Bourg, was so amazed at the first Alarm, as he went out at a hole in the Wall made with a great shot, with his Colours in his hand out off the Town, going directly towards the enemy, thinking that he had retired into the City: but seeing Monsieur de Bourbons Troops prepare themselves to encounter him, supposing it had been a Salley which they of the Town had made, he came to himself, and turning head re-entered by the same hole, having gone three hundred paces before the Company.  
The Ancient to Captain IVILLE was not so fortunate, when as S. POL was taken from us, by the Earl of Bure and Monsteur de Reu. For being so transported with fear, as he cast himself with his Colours out off the Town, by a Canonier he was taken and cut in pieces by the Assailants. And at the same siege the Fear of a Gentleman was Admirable and Memorable, the which did so nip and congeal his Heart, as he fell stark dead at the breach, without any wound. M. MONTAIGNE. lib. 1. Of his Essays. chap. 18.  
Pope PAULUS the third, having in the year of our LORD GOD 1536. exhorted the Emperor CHARLES the 5. and the great King FRANCIS to parley together at Nice, the Emperor's Fleet came to anchor in the port of Ville franche, where they stayed a day. About Noon, as some imperialists, did walk beholding the Sea and the high Alps, they discovered a thick cloud, which did rise like the smoke of a Palace standing on the side of a Hill not far from them. And for that this Cloud did increase and grow by little and little, some began to maintain and say, that it was a mournful sign, and that BARBAROSSA General of the Turks fleet did approach, to surprise both the Pope and the Emperor. Upon this fear they give an Alarm. All the whole Fleet is so terified, as the Marquis of Guast Colonel of the foot, persuaded the Emperor to get to the top of the Appenin hills, and ANDREW DORIA who commanded as Admiral, caused them to weigh their Anchors and to turn their Galleys, yet the Emperor would not stir, saying it was a false brute. as it appeared soon after, that a contriman fanning beans in the open Air to draw them from their chaff, had caused much dust, and at six and thirty several times had raised this smoke, which many did hold to be six and thirty Galleys, yet some Matriners did affirm that it was the Turkish Fleet. But the deceit being discovered, this fear (which had made most of them to look pale and tremble) was now turned into mirth and laughing. P. JOVIUS. lib. 17. of his Histories. I do not here make mention of the fear the Armies were in, in the Realm of Naples, and at the battle of Montlhery; in the one of them they took a Herd of Srags, and Hinds for a troop of men at arms; and in the other Thistles for a squadron of pikemen: as JOVIANUS PONTANUS lib. 2. of the war of Naples. PHI. COMINES in the History of LEWIS the 9 and PAUL AEMELIUS. lib. 10. make mention: for that I do chiefly busy myself about Histories that are lately passed.  
In the third Civill-warre of France under CHARLES the ninth in the year 1568. the Armies being in Poitou, near unto jasenueil, it happened that the Prince of Condé having fa●…led of an Enterprise, and retiring in the night, all the baggage of his footmen stayed by a wood side, in the Rear of his Men at Arms: where the Gun-carts and servants made all things ready thinking they should have camped there, making above 4000 Fires, not seeing the Prince retire by reason of the night. Some of the Duke of Anious Army, set to encounter the Prince, seeing this great number of fires, thought certainly that it was the Prince's Army, and that they should have battle the next day: which made them the more careful to fortify their Camp, Captain GARIES offered to go and descover what it was: but they would not hazard any thing against these brave soldiers, who talked, song, and made great cheer about their Fires, without any apprehension at all: they left fear to the others, who imagined that which was not. History of our Time.  
About six and twenty years since there was a false brute of the coming of the Turks Army to invade Austria: so as both Citizens and Country men (without knowing the Author) took a strange alarm, saying one unto another that the Turk approached with so many thousand men, and had no more to do, but to enter into the Country. The fear was so great as all abandoning their Houses, Villages and Towns, began to dislodge in great troops, with their Wives and children, some on horseback, others in Cartes, and the most part on foot running as fast as the could to Towns and places of strength, in such great haste, as many children falling to the ground were there miserably slain under the Horse feet, and the Cartwheels running with all speed. The Baroness of Rosestin, an honourable Lady and of singular piety, hath told me, that her husband being then at Lints, the Captain of the Castle of Schallenbourg, seated upon the side of a rock where as she then was, advertised her that many troops of Men, Women and Children came running thither ward. She putting her head out at a window, and seeing these poor people run like scattered sheep, sent one of her servants on horseback unto them, to know the cause of this amazement. Being returned he said that all these poor people did assure him that the Turkish squadrons were very near at their heels. Upon this report, the Baroness received all them that fled: so as the Castle, the base Court and the ditches were all very full with them. This sudden fear did run from Vienna unto Lints, which is about some thirty hours journey. The trumpet of Lints that stood in a watch Tower, which descovered a far of, gave the Alarm, as if the Turks had been hard even at hand so as all they of the Town ran presently unto their arms. But being soon after known that it was a troop of Hungarian Oxen, which had raised a great dust, every man retired: and those that had fled being dispersed in divers places recovering their spirits by little and little, returned home to their houses. M. JAMES HOST a Physician, in his History of the golden tooth of a Child in Silesia.  
In the year 1592. an other fear did shake all the City of Labac, the chee●…e City of Carnia, some one having reported that a mighty Turkish army approached so near as without any word speaking, all both young and old, great and small, began to take an alarum, and to truss up their baggage: making up their packs, and lading of Cartes with the best stuff they had, the poorer sort carried what they could upon their shoulders, and Women bore their young children in their arms, and the bigger they led in their hands. The streets did echo again with sighs, lamentations and miserable cries, mingled with a strange confused noise throughout all the City: To conclude it was a pitiful spectacle. So as the news continuing and remaining still that the Turks approached and drew near, there was nothing to be expected but a horrible flight of all in general, with such blind disorder and tumultuous violence, as in the press of the people, of Horses and Carts, many Children and some Women lost their lives, being smothered, this fear continued 3. days being impossible to assure and bring back them that fled, who in the end otherwise persuaded by divers Advertisements and Messages, returned to their houses. The same Author.  
ALDANA a Spanish Captain, Lieutenant to King FERDINAND in Transiluania, fearing lest MAHOMET BASSA of BUDA, should come and besiege him in Lip, was so surprised with this Fear, as he resolved to ruin both the Town and the Castle. Two Men at Arms being sent to descover, having heard no news of the BASSA, coming near the place, began to run their Horses, to g●…ue him notice that there was no cause of Fear. They were followed by a great troup of Cattle.  
ALDANA imagining and thinking that it was the Turkish Army, before the which the two Men at Arms did fly, having not the patience to attend and stay for their coming, transported with great fear he set fire to a train of Gunpowder which did overthrow the Castle, the Towers, and broke the Cannon, to the great grief of his soldiers, condemning his baseness: which done he fled into Transiluania. The BASSA seized presently upon the ruins, and of a Castle that was inexpugnable, called Soliman, abandoned by these amazed Christians, whom he followed with such speed, as he overtook them and cut them in pieces. Then having seized upon Transiluania, he made it subject to the yoke. ALDANA being imprisoned, and convicted of base cowardice, was condemned to lose his head, but by the intercession of MARY Queen of Bohemia Daughter to CHARLES the 5. & wife to MAXIMILIAN the 2. his life was saved. ASCANIUS CENTORIUS lib. 5. & 6. of his Commentary of the Wars of Transiluania.  
SOLIMAN the Turk having besieged Vienna in Austria, the 26, day of September in the year 1529. the besieged made a sally of 8000. Men the sixth of October, with an intent to chase the Enemy out of the suburbs, and to blow up their Ours. They chased away the Turks that were towards the Castle-gate, and cut many in pieces that were near the Tower of Carinthia. Being ready to proceed further, advancing courageously, one cried with a loud voice that the should retire & put themselves in battle. This cry did put the soldiers into such a sudden fear, as they began to leave their ranks and to fly towards the City, in such disorder as some thrust violently by the rest, fell into the Ditches and Trenches, whereas many were hurt and slain with their own Arms. Captain WOLFGANG HAG, seeking to rally his Soldiers again together, and put them in mind of the valour of the ancient Germans, was compassed in by the Turks, and abandoned by his own men, died fight. History of the siege of Vienna.  
AUSUN, a Gentleman of Gaseonie, valiant and of great experience in War, of whom they had made such esteem in Piedmont, as his prowess was commended of all men, being at the Battle of Dreux, in the first civil Wars, in the year 1561. was so terrified at the first charge, as for fear he was chased even unto Paris, where remembering himself of his error, he died for grief. History of France under CHARLES the vinth.  
JOHN DESGORRIS, a learned Physician of our time, as his Book of Physical definitions doth testify, having been called by the Bishop of Melun, to cure him of a certain disease: to the end that he might return safely to Paris, where he dwelled, and that they of the City, being then in Arms (for it was during the first troubles) should do him no harm by reason of his religion, the Bishop put him into his Coach, and caused him to be carried close. Certain Merchants, to whom the Bishop was much indebted, yet would not pay them any thing: having some intelligence of the coming of this Coach, caused it to be arrested by sergeant, with an intent to seize upon all the goods that might be in it. This seazure did so trouble DESGORRIS, and put him into such a fit, thinking that he had been fallen into the hands of cut-throats, as for a time his brains were troubled, and had much ado to recover himself. THOMAS ZVINGER, lib. 1. of his first volume, by the report of HUBERT LANGVET.  
CHARLES' du MOULIN, a learned Lawyer, borne at Paris, being in the University of Tubingue, to read a law Lecture, at the Duke of Wirtembergs charge, he was lodged as it were by force in the house of a certain German borne there, who taking no pleasure to have such a guest, whom he called a stranger, to molest him, he sought out many Rats and Mice, and let them go in every corner of his house. The which Du MOULIN seeing (who hated such Beasts wonderfully,) being much amazed, he dislodged instantly, and went to seek an other abode. THOMAS ZVINGER in the same Book.  
A Spaniard surnamed VILLADARE, being in the presence of Cardinal XIMINES, among others that aspired to be graduates in Divinity, and seeing that they had named five or six before him, he fell into such a rage and trouble of mind, seeing himself set behind others, as he was surprised with a convulsion, so as his members did tremble, and being the eight man that was called, rising from the place where he was to go and sit among the Graduates, this place was seen all wet with his Urine, which had gone from him in this extremity. ALVARES GOMES lib. 4. of the History of Cardinal XIMINES.  
In the year 1536. NICHOLAS GROUPE, being in the Town of Anneberg, where he had long expected the first good Prebend that should be void, which the Bishop of Misne had promised him, having received Letters from him, by the which he made him his Suffragan and Vicar general, he was so transported and overcome with joy, that before he could finish the reading of the Letter, he gave up the ghost. G. le F●…VRE liber 3. of his Annals of Misne.  
In our time, the judges Wife of Vi●…-fezensac in the County of Armaignac, about threescore years old, being told (to draw her out of company) that her Daughter was dying, being arrived, and so finding her merry and well, she died suddenly. JOUBERT lib. 1. of Laughter, Chap. 11.  
After the Battle of Montconter, an honest Gentlewoman thinking herself to have lost her husband, a brave Gentleman, to whom it was reported that he had been slain, seeing him return unlooked for, after some months, she was seized with such joy, as she died suddenly in his arms. In the History of our time.  
During the League, an other Gentlewoman having after much care, suit, charge, and trouble, retired her husband, a learned Man, who had been prisoner many months among cruel people, where he had been as it were wonderfully and miraculously preserved, like unto DANIEL in the Lion's den, seeing him return safe and well, she was ravished and overcome with such content, as presently after his arrival, she yielded her soul to God. The History of our time.  
An Honourable Woman, thinking that her husband had been slain at Paris, the four and twentieth of August 1572. for that he came not home at his prefixed time, which was in the beginning of September, staying three weeks longer, and coming home safe to his own house, seeing him, she lost her speech, and could not speak one word to him, but only did behold him, like one that had lost her right senses. Having powered forth many bitter tears, she recovered her former speech a little, as coming to her self out of a trance, for fifteen nights after she could not possibly sleep above, three quarters of an hour in a night, sometimes touching her husband when he slept, and in the day time looking on him with admiration, as if she did not believe her senses. In the end she recovered herself, confessing unto me above ten years after, that this passion had wonderfully troubled her. Yea I have heard her say for certain, that being with Child above eleven years after this accident, she had felt a new charge in her fantasy, of that which had happened unto her, believing confidently, that her fruit should feel of it hereafter: wherein she was not deceived. But the respect I bear to that family, makes me forbear to tell the rest. The former belonging to my purpose, to show the vehemency of passions. Drawn out of my memorial. I have heard some credible speak of a young man, whom two Maidens in tickling had moved to laugh so much, as he never laughed more, nor spoke more words. They thought he had been in a sown, but they were mukh amazed and sore afraid, when they see him dead. JOUBERT liber 1. of Laughter, Chap. 27.  
monsieur BOISSONNADE Physician of Again, a very learned expert, careful and honest man, hath witnessed unto me, that the Mistress of the Tennis Court in Again, an ancient Woman, died with extreme laughing, hearing a strange and ridiculous tale. lib. 3. Chap. 16. In the same third Book, Chap. 14. Doctor JOUBERT reports three pleasant Histories of certain sick folks, that were abandoned of the Physicians, and cured strangely by extreme laughing, seeing some pleasant tricks of certain Apes playing in their Chambers, these means stirring up and reviving nature, which was oppressed, and as it were choked with their infirmities.   

Of a wonderful Turkish Pilgrim.  
I Will report wonders of a Turkish Pilgrim. He went attired in a long Cassock and a white Cloak down to his heels, with a long Beard: as our Painters do represent unto us most of the Apostles, under a grave show he hid a crafty spirit. The Turks did admire him, and honour him as a Saint, and a doer of miracles: persuading my Interpreters to lead me unto him, that I might see him. He dined at my Table soberly and modestly. Then going down into the Court, he returned soon again: having taken up a great Stone, he struck himself such blows upon the naked breast, as they had been able to have killed an Ox. This done, he laid hold upon a piece of Iron, which they had express●…e put into the fire, so as it was red hot, he put it into his mouth, and turned it up and down, the spital hissing as water doth, when as a Smith quencheth a fier●…e hot Iron in it. This Iron was reasonably long, and great, and square at the end, the which entered so hot into his mouth, as it was like unto a burning coal. This done, he puts the Iron again into the fire, then having made an obeisance unto me, and received a reward, he departed. My servants being amazed at this sight, one of them thinking himself more sufficient than his companions, began to say unto them. Poor fools why do you wonder? do you think that this counterfeit hath put the fire in his mouth indeed? They be Impostures and juggling tricks. And in saying so, he laid hold of the Iron by the very end which was out of the fire, to show that it might be handled without any hurt or burning. But he had no sooner gripped it in his hand, but he shaked it off as speedily: but not with such ease: for the space of many days, he had the palm of his hand and fingers so pitifully burnt with the fire, as he had much pain to heal it.  
His companions could not contain themselves from laughing, ask him, if he did not believe that a flaming fire was hot? adding, That he might if he pleased, make a second trial to confound them whom he had so mocked: But he would no more meddle with it. At dinner, this Turk who said he was a Monk, reported unto me, that his Abbot, a holy and famous man for his miracles, was accustomed to cast his cloak upon a Lake near unto the Covent, and then did sit upon it, and did sport himself as easily upon the water in this sort, as if he had been rowing in a fair and calm day in a Boate. That when as they did slay a Sheep, the manner was to sow up this Abbot in the skin, so as the forefeet were fitted to his arms, and the hinder to his thighs: and in this equipage they did cast him into a burning Oven, where he remained until the Sheep was roasted, than they drew him out of the Furnaise whole and sound, to eat his part of the Mutton merely with his Monks. If you will say unto me, that such miracles of Satan, are Impostures whereunto you give no credit, no more do I. I tell you but what the Monk reported: but as for the burning Iron, I did see it with mine own eyes: the which is not so admirable, as you would think at the first: for I doubt not but this counterfeit worker of miracles, going to seek a stone in the Court-yard to beat his breast withal, might anoint his mouth with something that was fit to resist the violence of the fire, as you know there is. I remember to have seen in Saint Marks at Venice a Montebancke, which did willingly handle molten Lead, and washed his hands therewith, without any burning. The Signior of Busbeque Ambassador to FERDINAND and MAXIMILIAN Emperors, in his discourse of his voyage into Turkey, Epist. 4.   

Perjury punished.  
IN the Town of Rutlinquen, a certain passenger came into an Inn, and gave a Budget to keep unto his Host, in the which there was a great sum of money. Ask it again at his departure, the host denies it, gives him injurious words and mocks him. The passenger calls him in question before the judge, and for that all was done without witnesses he was ready to offer his Host an oath, who desired nothing more, giving himself unto the Devil, if he had received or concealed the Bouget of money that was in question. The Plaintive demanded respite to consider if he should offer him this oath, & going out of of the pleading place, he meets with two men, who inquire the cause of his coming thither. He reports the whole fact unto them. Well say they, wilt thou that we shall help thee in this cause. He yielded not knowing what they were. Thereupon they return all three before the judge: where the two last come, begin to justify unto the host, (who was not yet gone) that the bouget had been delivered him; that he had received it and hidden it in such a place. This perjured wretch knew not what to answer. And as the judge resolved to send him to prison, the two witnesses began to say: you shall not need: We are sent to punish his wickedness: Saying so, they took and lift him up in the air, where he vanished with them, and was never after found. I. le GAST de BRISAC in the 2. volume of his table talk. GILLYBERT COVSI●… in his narrations.   

Prodigious rain and hail.  
IN the year 1502. the 22. of june all the Country about Berne, Soleurre and Biennie, of a great compass, was beaten with a thick hail, the stones being as big as Hen's eggs. Seven days after, an other greater storm of hail spoiled all the Country of zurich, slew many peasants and others that went into the fields, with much cattle, foul and wild Beasts.  
Eight years after, in the year 1510. in Lombardie there fell from Heaven above twelve hundred stones, among the which as CARDAN reports in his Book Dererum Varietate, was found one of sixscore pounds weight, and an other of threescore; many were brought to divers French Noblemen, commanding then in those places for the King. These stones were of a rusty colour, very hard and smelled of sulphur. Two hours before this shower, the Heavens seemed all on fire: what the miserable estate of Milan and the Neighbour Countries were afterwards. GVICHARDIN doth show in his History of the wars of Italy.  
The 19 of july 1528. the Country lying about Ausbourg, was wonderfully spoiled with hail stones, greater than a big man's fist, falling from Heaven for the space of some hours. Three years after there fell such a violent hail about Basil, as all the vines were spoiled. At Lisbonne in Portugal it rained blood in great abundance. In the year 1542. it rained blood in the Diocese of Munster, about Sassenbourg, not far from Warendorfe.  
In the year 1544. there fell great store of hail about Silesia, the stones whereof were as big as Estriges eggs, and in them there appeared plainly the figures of long party coloured breeches after the Lansquenet fashion. And in many of them being broken, there were found stones made like unto Turkish Turbans. In the upper Alsacia, about Colmar an Imperial Town, there fell from heaven a great shower of Frogs and Toads in the year 1549. The peasants were troubled for some days to kill this Vermin with staves: and then lest the air should be infected, the Magistrate caused them to be gathered together upon heaps, and then filled great ditches with them. In the year 1550. some dates before Easter in the month of March, two hours together there f●…ll from Heaven about Clagenfurt and Villa●… Towns of Carinthia, good wheat in great abundance, which the Inhabitants of those places did gather together, & made good bread a long time of it.  
A year after, which was 1551. it rained blood over Lisbonne in Portugal; the same year a little before Whitsuntide, the clouds opening, there fell such streams of Water about Kittengen in Franconia, as the floods upon the Land drowned many men, and much cattle almost in an instant. A great farm consisting of many houses, was overthrown and almost all that dwelled in it drowned. The Bridge at Kittengen was beaten down and carried away; and if they had not suddenly given passage to the Waters, piercing the Town walls, all had been lost. There were five houses quite overthrown▪ five others in a village, called Rotolsee: and five in an other place: fiveteene men were drowned at Speckfurt, and many houses beaten quite down to the ground, as also at Pabemberg, whereas the vines and corn-ground was spoiled after a very strange manner. At the sametime betwixt Gethes and Ise●…ac in Turinge, the continual rain did make the Rivers to rise and swell in such sort, as in the village of Theutlebe five houses were carried away with a Farmer, and his five Children.  
In an other village the Waters did drown the cattle that were in the field, and the young boys that kept them. Towards SchlakenVuals, where the mines are, these deluges did inestimable harm. The River of Elbe being risen with the rain Water, did much harm in the Country, and so did other Rivers at the sametime. The fourteen of August 1552. a great tempest rising in the air over Holland, there fell abundance of hail, every stone weighing above one pound, being all of divers forms. Some were very like the Son, others were like unto a Crown of thorn, some resembled Wheels, and other things. The Son having caused them to melt, there came forth a stinking smoke, the which infected the air, whereof followed a great mortality of cattle. Some months before, the Rivers of Sal and Mein, famous in Germany, did overflow and ruined many buildings, and drown many Men and much cattle. It rained blood in France. And near unto Marpurg there was a pool seen many times bloody.  
Budissine a Town seated at the foot of the mountains (which PTOLOME●… calls Suderes) at the entry of the upper Lusatia, a League from the spring of the River Suewe, did feel the thirteeneth of August in the same year 1552. the misery which followeth. At night a thick cloud breaking and falling violently in the vallees, where there are many pools, the same being full and the causeys broken, the Water finding a passage, it began to run towards this River which was near, and made it swell higher than ever had been seen, having of itself a swift and sudden course, falling from the mountains. Being then accompanied with these violent Waters, it did break, overthrow and pull up all the foundations of bridges, gardens and buildings that were a mile about, so as there were no signs of them to be seen.  
This violent flood did drown two and thirty persons, which could not recover the Town in time. Many without saved themselves in the near Mountains. It was thought that in this deluge there were above a hundred persons drowned.  
In the year 1553. the extraordinary rain made the river of Rhine to swell and ouer-flowe, the which was the spoil of a great Country near unto the banks. The Town of Ruffach among others, was in danger to be drowned by this flood, the which was run out in a short time, leaving in recompense of the spoil it had made, great abundance of Fish upon the land, in the Meadows and Marshes, yea even in the Town vaults. At Erford it reigned blood, the fifth of june the same year: and at Lipsic the 8. of july. In the same month some days before the Batraile between MAURICE Elector of Saxony, and ALBERT Marquis of Brandebourg towards Held●…sheim, there were many Trees and Herbs seen covered with blood, which had fallen from Heaven. In the year 1554. the 26. of May, it reigned blood, near to Dunke a Town in Germany. The year following, it did also rain blood at Fribourg in Misnia. And on the sixth of june there was seen in the Castle Di●…che of Vinaire in Saxony, a Fountain of blood. There was an other betwixt Erford and Vinaire, and a third at Erford, which before was clear and fair water. In the year 1556. about the twelve and thirteenth of may, there fell a dew from Heaven about Bresle and near to Don, in the Canton of Bearne, the which had a taste sweeter than Honey. Two days after it reigned blood near to Schafouze. The second of September the rain fell in such abundance at Locarne, as the town was almost spoiled and in danger to be ruined. These Histories are gathered out of the Collection of Prodigies made by L. LYCOSTHENES.  
In june in the year 1586. there did rise over the City of Constantinople, a dark cloud the which being dispersed, there followed a shower of Grasshoppers, which did nip the fruits and the Leaves of Trees. The year following in December there happened a thing no less strange on the frontiers of Croatia near to Vithitz, a Castle belonging unto CHARLES Archduke of Austria. They did see ●… cloud of Ducks and Geese by thousands, which falling into a lake near by: the night following they made so furious a fight, as all the neighbour Countries heard it▪ In the morning the Soldiers and Countrymen ran●…e thither, where they found a great number of Ducks and Geese that had killed one an other whereof they gathered great numbers: some a hundred, some two hundred, they dressed them after their manner, and lived thereof a long time. Those which remained of this great army of Combatants, being seen in a meadow they took their flight and went else where. I. LEONCLAVIUS, in the supplement of the Annals of Turki●….   

Prediction.  
THE tenth of September in the year 1513. JAMES the 4. King of Scotland, having embraced the party of France, took arms against England, and grew so vehement in the quarrel, as there was a battle given, whereas King JAMES, and all the flower of the S●…cotish Nobility were slain in the field. At that time there was a Scottish Gentleman very straightly imprisoned at London, who said openly, in the hearing of many, some hours before the Battle. If the two armies, English and Scot●…ish) fight this day, I know for certain that the King my Master willbe to weak: for I do observe in this conflict of winds in the air, that the winds are very opposite unto Scotland. This speech was neither without reason nor without event: for it is most certain that the Angels, be the preservers of public States, and of the holy order appointed by the almighty GOD, fight constantly against wicked and evil spirits which take pleasure in murders and the overthrow of all good order, which the Lord allows, as we read in the History of Persia, whereas the Angel tells the Prophit DANIEL that for a long time he had suppressed the evil spirit the which did move the greeks to ruin the Persian Monarchy. JOACHIM CV●…ABVS a learned Philosopher and Physician of our time, in his Annals of Silesia.  
Some years before, the Emperor MAXIMILIAN the first had made War against the Swisses, and having been defeated in divers Encounters certain Astrologiens and D●…uines advised him to assail that nation by some other way, and with new troops, alleging that a certain star which favoured the Swisses was now set, and that other stars favourable to Princes and monarch did appear. It succeeded ill with him, for that he believed these Diviners: for at the very first Encounter not far from Basil, the Swisses were victors, and won all his baggage. H. MUTIUS Book 30. of his Chronicle of Germany.  
In the following Books we will propound many other Histories of Predictions.   

A Prisoner freed.  
A Gentleman of Lombardie, named P●…CCHIO, valiant and wise, but full of the gout, being in disgrace with a great Nobleman, going one day unadvisedly upon his moil some few Leagues from his house: he was pursued and set upon by this Nobleman, who was followed by some Soldiers, and then carried prisoner to a strong Castle out of the way and shut up in an heigh Tower, and committed to one of his confident servants to keep. He was fed with bread and water, like a crimynall person condemned to perpetual prison, and no man knew who he was. In the mean time they sought up and down for PECCHIO, but hearing no news, of him, the justice of that place where he dwelled, thought that he had been slain: for they had found his moil and some drops of blood upon him. They make diligent information, and two men are charged, with whom in times past he had had a quarrel, upon this presumption, they are miserably imprisoned and greeviously tortured in such sort as they were forced to confess that they had slain PECCHIO so as the one was hanged and the other beheaded. But PECCHIO was in prison, where he continued nyneteene whole years, never changing nor putting of the clothes he had. When they took him: yet full of hope that GOD would one day deliver him. His Sons, according to the custom, made his funeral, and the divided his goods. He was taken in the year 1540 and was delivered in the year 1559. in this manner. The Lord who used him in that sort, being dead they entreated PECCHIO after his accustomed manner, neither did any one ever see him, or speak to him in all this time. It chanced that this Lord's heir had an humour to build near unto this Tower, and as they pulled down the Walls which did compass in PECCHIO who had no light but by a narrow clift, by the which he received his meat and drink, they spied this man with his clothes tottered, his beard long to his knees, and his hair hanging upon his shoulders. Every man runs to this new sight. Some persons well advised did wish that he should not be brought too suddenly into the light, lest it should dazzle him, and that to much air should make him faint. By little and little he recovered his sight and strength. Then he lets them understand what he was, and of all his adventure: in the end he was known, reenters into his goods that were sold by his Sons, and being clearly cured of his gout he lived the remainder of his days helthfully. The which I have heard from his own mouth in Milan, where I entreated him to set me down this discourse, the which he did at large in the year 1566. SIMON MAYOL an Italian Bishop in his Canicular days. Disc. 4.   

A Process ended by an extraordinary means.  
During the time that GREGORY the 13. was Pope, there was a quarrel and suit for matter of religion, against JOHN CASIER, great Master of Malta. The judges appointed; the Registers, Proctors, and witnesses had done all at Malta that might concern this fact. ROMEGAS a Knight of Malta was his principal accuser, and as it were a party. All were adjourned to appear before Pope GREGORY at Rome in the year 1591. where I was, and did see ROMEGAS, and the great Master arrive in November. In December following ROMEGAS died, and presently after the great Master, and they were both interred in the Trinity Church. As for the judges, Registers, Proctors, and witnesses, being all embarked in one ship, with the Informations and proceedings of the Process, they perished all upon the Sea in the same month, and there remained not any leaf of the whole proceeding, whereby they might ground any sentence. SIMON MAYOL an Italian Bishop in his Canicular days, Colloq. 4.   

Dangerous Prognostications.  
FRANCIS Marquis of Salusses, Lieutenant to King FRANCIS in his army beyond the Alps, wonderfully favoured in our Court, and bound to the King even for his Marquisate, which had been forfeited by his Brother: having no occasion offered him, and his affection contradicting it, suffered himself to be so surprised with fear (as it hath been justified) by the goodly Prognostications which were then spread abroad, to the benefit of the Emperor CHARLES the 5. and to our disadvantage (even in Italy whereas these foolish predictions had so great credit, as at Rome great sums of money were delivered out by exchange upon our ruin) that after he had often lamented with his private friends, the miseries which he did see inevitably prepared for the Crown of France, and for his private friends, he revolted and changed his party: to his great prejudice, notwithstanding all predictions. But he carried himself like a man encountered with divers passions; for having both Towns and forces in his power, the enemy's Army under ANTHONY de LEVA hard by him, and we without any jealousy of him, it was in him to have done worse than he did, for by his treason we lost neither man, nor Town, but only Fossan, and that after it had held out long. MONTAIGNE lib. 1. of his Essays. Cha. 11.   

A wonderful Ransom.  
THE Spanish Histories write at large of the ransom which ATABALIPA King of Peru, paid, to be delivered out of the bands of PIZARRE, valued at many Millions of gold: yet notwithstanding the Spaniards put him to death and spoiled infinite treasures, part where of was brought into Europe, where it was wretchedly wasted, & part with those robbers and their ships, was lost in the bottom of the Sea. But in the war made in our time by the Vaivod of Valachia against the Turks, in the year 1574. certain Polonian Horsemen having defeated a great supply, and taken their Commander prisoner, who was a man of a tall and goodly stature, and so rich, as he offered almost an incredible ransom: although many did affirm that he had means to give more. He offered unto the Polonians if they would save his life, and not carry him unto the Vaivod, to pay them twice as much gold, thrice as much silver, and once as much in Pearl, as he should way. This sum was sufficient to win the hearts of men of higher qualities: yet these Polonians (men which live by carrying of arms, and seek most commonly entertainment of them which will give most,) chose rather to keep the promise faithfully made by them unto the Vaivod, to bring unto him all the prisoners they should take, then to lad themselves with Gold, Silver, or Pearls. They therefore carried him unto the Vaivod, who without demanding or accepting of any ransom, caused him to be cut in pieces with other prisoners: and soon after he himself was slain by a Turkish Bassa, and the Polonians saved themselves. LEONARD GORET in his History of the war of IVONIE VAIVODE of Valachia.   

A miserable Rape.  
AT such time as the French made war in Italy, under the reign of LEWIS the twelfth, a rich Merchant of Milan, (having one only Son called GALEAS, about ten year old) died, leaving his heir a very great estate, whom the Mother (an honourable and virtuous Gentlewoman) caused to be carefully brought up, and instructed in all honest and decent exercises. Being come to the age of eighteen years, he began on the one part; to understand the estate of his affairs, for that his Mother would not marry any more: and on the other, he was persuaded by sundry exhortations to contain himself in the way of virtue. thereupon it happened, that there was a question for the recovery of a great sum of money due by a Gentleman of Venice, who trafficked much into the levant Seas. GALEAS who had not gone far from his own house, entreated his Mother to give him leave to make his voyage to Venice, to take some order for this business, having a ready wit fit for any thing. The Mother consented, and after many goodly admonitions, having given him a servant to accompany him, she suffered him to depart. Being come to Venice, the Gentleman that was his debtor, entertained him courteously, and after some days, conducted him to Padova, where his family was, that he might provide for the payment of his debt.  
The Venetian had a Daughter called LUCRETIA, about sixteen years old, of whom at the first sight GALEAS fell in love. The night following, he had a fearful dream. It seemed unto him that a Man unknown opened his breast and LUCRETIA'S, and then fed upon their hearts. Awaking suddenly all amazed, and crying out, he tells unto his servant his passion, where-on he had afterwards this dream. The servant who was a cunning Bawd, made him an exposition of this dream, such as he knew to be fit for his masters humour, and wrought so cunningly, that soon after the young Man and the young Maid talked secretly together, GALEAS promising LUCRETIA to take her away, and carry her to Milan, where when as they should come to riper age, they would marry. Their disordered desires did so blind and transport them, as contemning all honest and lawful means, which were easy, they ran headlong into the miseries which followed. GALEAS using diverse treacherous practices, feigned to send his servant back to Milan, with divers Letters of affairs, and he himself returned to Venice with the Gentleman, where he received money, and took order for all that for the which he had been sent by his Mother. After three days, news were brought unto this poor Gentleman of Venice, that they knew not what was become of his Daughter LUCRETIA. But GALEAS servant lurking at Milan, had stolen her away, and carried her to Milan, where he had hired a house, and left her in the guard of an old woman, who was sometimes GALEAS Nurse, who seemed to weep with the VENETIAN: who understanding that his Wise remaining at Padova, grew desperate for the loss of her Daughter, went thither to comfort her: leaving GALEAS, who presently takes another way, saying, that he went to his Mother, who had called him home.  
Being come to Milan, after that he had given an account of their common affairs, he goes to LUCRECR whom he entertains in his house so cunningly, as for three years together nothing was discovered. In the end GALEAS had two cross encounters. The one by LUCRETIA, who desired the performance of his promise, and the other by his Mother, who did solicit him to marry. He was wholly inclined to keep his word, and to marry LUCRETIA, but yet they were much troubled to discover it unto his Mother, who seeing a great alteration in him since his return from Venice, did long muse upon her sons excuses: who being grown strong, rich, and in the flower of his age, was desired of the best families of Milan, who would not have disdained his alliance. In the end she wrought so, as she blew up this Mine, and discovered that her Son entertained a very fair young Maid, in that lodging, where his Nurse had been placed: but whereas she should have proceeded freely, she took a wrong course, which brought forth terrible effects, GOD'S justice using such means for the execution of his fearful decrees. Watching a fit opportunity, she sent certain men disguised into the house whereas LUCRETIA was: they put a gag in her mouth, and threaten her with death, if she cried out, and then they carry her secretly into a Monastery of women, where she is committed to safe keeping. GALEAS returning late to this lodging, and not finding her: understood from his Nurse what had chanced: wherewith he entered into a strange fury, and continued all the next day without eating any thing. His Mother advertised thereof, went unto him; and seeing him in the way to despair, she began to assure him that LUCRETIA was whereas she would give a good account of her, wishing him to take courage and be of good cheer. thereupon he came somewhat to himself, having a promise that they would restore LUCRETIA again unto him that night. In the mean time he imagines, that these disguised men had abused her: with other strange furies wherewith choler had possessed him: so as toward night LUCRETIA being restored unto him, he gave her but a cold reception, then coming nearer unto her, he said, there is no reason they should separate us any more, but that we should concur together in one death: at which words he drew out his Poniard, and stabs her in such sort, as she fell down dead at his feet: with the same Poniard smoking with LUCRETIA'S blood, he strikes himself unto the heart, and after some words he died. The same night they were both interred, upon a brute that they were dead of the plague, whom the contagion had presently choked. History of Italy.   

Execrable Ravishers punished by a valiant hand.  
THE City of Genoa being taken by the Army of the Emperor CHARLES the 5. the streets, places, and houses, were full of the pitiful Lamentations of Wives and Maids, crying out for mercy and help. Moreover it was a strange and horrible noise which the Soldiers made, breaking doors and windows, and spoiling the rich palaces with a strange violence, others ravishing of Maids and Wives, which they found in the houses. In this horrible confusion, ALFONSO d' AVALOS Marquis of Pescara, Colonel of the Imperial footmen, running up and down the streets to prevent the wrong which they went about to offer to the honour of Women. A Gentleman of Genoa, taking him for some Captain, begun to entreat him to suppress the insolency of two Spanish soldiers that would ravish his Wife, a virtuous & honourable Gentlewoman, which cried for help. Suddenly the Marquis lights from his horse goes up to the Chamber, and thrusts through one of these wretches who held the poor Gentlewoman by the hair, and strived to overthrow her. One being slain he follows the other, who fled down the stairs, and gave him such a blow, as he cloven his head in two. Then having caused their dead bodies to be cast out at the Chamber window into the street, he made a proclamation upon pain of death, that no man should presume to wrong (either in word or deed) any honest maid or Wife. This execution restrained the looseness of the Soldiers, and the Maquis for this worthy act, was honoured of all good men. P. JOVIUS Book 3. of his History of our time.   

Recompenses of nature.  
THE providence and care which the Creator of all things hath given to nature is admirable: for by a daily custom she doth furnish creatures with such force and dexterity, which have the members crooked, defective or weak, or that have none at all, or having, do more than is prescribed them: as we may well say, that the perfection of a Creature consists, not in the distinction of members, but in the continual use thereof. I have often considered thereon. When we were at Cobourg, in the Lodging of ERASMUS NEUSTETER, a wise & virtuous Gentleman of Germany: having given us the best entertainment he could devise, he sent to a certain place not far of for a young man about thirty years old, the which was borne without arms, who could do as much with his feet as a very able man could do with his hands, so as he himself did affirm, that nature had recompensed one gift with an other. Being set upon a seat equalling the height of the table whereon they set the meat, he took a knife with his feet, and began to cut both bread and meat, carrying it unto his mouth, and a goblet also, as easily with his feet as an other doth with his hands. After dinner he began to write both Italien hand and Dutch, so right and so well, as every one of us desired to have of it, to keep for a singularity. At my request he took a penknife and made good pens to write, and presented them to me and to others. Being thus busied, I did carefully consider the fashion of his feet and did find this toes were sum-thing long, fit to lay hold of anything, and a far off, they resembled the fingers of a man's hand: as for his legs he kept them covered with his cloak. PH. CAMERARIUS a German Lawyer, in his learned Historical Meditations. Chap. 37.  
I have seen at my house a little man borne at Nantes, without arms, who hath so well fashioned his feet to the service which his hands do owe him, as in truth they have half forgotten their own natural duty. Finally he calls them his hands, he cuts, he chargeth a pistol, and dischargeth it, he threads a needle, he sows, he writes, he pulls of his hat, he combs his head, he plays at Cards and Dice, and shakes them with as great dexterity as any other, the money which I gave him, he carried away in his foot, as we do in our hand. I did see an other when I was a Child, who handled a two-hand sword, and a halberd, helping him. self with the bending of his neck for want of hands, he would cast them up in the air and catch them again, throw a dagger, and make a whip lash as well as any Carter in France. MONTAIGNE liber 1. of his Essays. Chap. 22.  
Of this last in my opinion, or of an other no less admirable, Master AMB. PARE makes mention in these terms. Not long since there was a man seen at Paris, without arms, being forty years old, strong and lusty, who did in a manner all the actions that an other might do with his hands: with the stump of his shoulder and his head, he would strike a hatchet as strongly, as an other man could do with his arms. Moreover he would lash a Carters whip, and did many other actions with his feet: he did eat, drink, played at cards and dice: in the end he was a thief and a murderer, and was put to death in Gelderland. Book 24. treating of monsters. Chap. 8.  
Of late days we have seen at Paris a woman without arms which did cut, sow, and do many other actions. The same Author. I have oftentimes spoken with the Brother of one, called N. MADAM, who having both hands eaten of with hogs, lying in the Cradle, being but a year and half old, or there abouts did help herself as well with the stumps being grown great, as we do with our fingers. She did work excellently well in tapistry, did thread her needle very arteficially, and did sow well in linen. Memorials of our time.  
We have at Nuremberg a young man and a young maid borne of one Father and Mother, of a honest house, which are dumb and deaf by nature, yet both of them Read very well, Write, Cifer, and cast an account. The young man conceives at the first by the signs that are made him, what they demand of him, and if he wants a pen, by his countenance he delivers his thoughts, being the cunningest player at all games of cards and d●…ce, that is to be found among the Germans. His Sister exceeds all other maids in working with the needle, in all works of Linen, Tapestry, imbroydrie etc. But amongst the wonderful recompenses of Nature, this is remarkable, that commonly seeing any to move their lips, they seem to understand what is said. They do very often assist at Sermons, and you would say, that they understand with their eyes what the Preacher says, as others are accustomed to do by hearing: for as often as they will, and without any teaching, or examples, they write the lords prayer and other Holy prayers: they can repeat the Texts of the Gospels that are Preached on Holly days, and write them readily. When as the Preacher in his Sermon makes mention of our Saviour JESUS CHRIST, the young man before any other puts his hand to his hat, and bends his knee with great reverence. Inthetime of our Fathers, there was seen in Flanders, JOHN FERDINAND who was borne stark blind and poor, surmounting these two difficulties which are great enemies to learned men in such sort, as he became a learned Poet and Philosopher, as beside he was so good a musitien, as he played very excelentlie well of divers sorts of Instruments, to the great content of them that heard him: and beside did set songs of four or five parts. Not much above a 100 years since, there were wonders seen in NICASIUS de WERDE borne at Maklin in Brabant. Being fallen blind before he was three years old, yet he proficed so in all Divinity and humanity (although he had never learned A. nor B.) as all men did admire him. He was Master of Art at Louvain. Regent of the Schools at Maklyn, afterwards created Licentiate in Divinity, and read the Gospels publicly. Afterwards being made Doctor in the University of Colen, of the Civil and Canon law, he read publicly in the Schools, in the one and the other law, rehearsing the Texts by heart, and continuing a long time in this profession. PH. CAMERARIUS in his Historical Meditations. Chap. 37.  
Not long since was LEWIS GROTTO in Italy, commonly called the blind man of Hadria, who being blind from his birth, showed in his Ora●…ions and Poesies that are in Print, a spirit as active and quick, as if he had turned over all the learned writings of ancient and modern Authors. I have read in his Poesies, Epigrams as sharp and as witty, as any whatsoever. In France also we have seen blind ROMIGLEUS, who in our time was a great Philosopher, a learned Gramarien, a subtle disputer, an excellent Preacher, of a quick judgement, and a ready memory, I have spoke twice unto him, and have profited by his grave discourses. Drawn out of my Memorials.   

A wonderful flowing.  
THE Rhosne is one of the swiftest floods in Europe, and yet by a wonderful secret, we have seen it mount up in such sort as the bed of it hath lain dry, whereof I will produce two Histories. Coming out of the Country of Valais, it enters very full into the long spacious Lake Leman, from Villeneufue where it remains mingled the space of twelve hours easy sailing unto Geneva, where leaving the Lake, it runs with a swift course by Lions. A quarter of a league from Geneva, the river of Arua (which is deep) coming from Forsignie runs into the Rosne. I have heard from men of credit (so sa●…eth master NICHOLAS de Gallars in his commentary upon the 14. chapter of Exodus) that in our time some 70. years sense, that at the same place whereas the river of Rhosne goes out of the Lake of Geneva, to enter into her own channel, it was so driven backward through the violence of a Southwind as the waters going together upon an heap in the Lake, the channel remained dry for the space of an hour▪ and was so seen of many, which have lived longafter. In the year 1600. there was an other of the same River at 3. or 4. reprises, beginning early in the morning, and continuing until eleven of the clock, having great thundering going before. The boats lay dry. That which seemed admirable, was, that this flowing was but one side of the channel, towards the town, in the beginning of winter, & underneath a part of the great bridge, whereas the Cutler's servants went to gather up nails and old iron. It is one of the arms of Rhosne, being then above five foot deep. The other greater arm towards the mountains retired half the water. This flowing lasted little; if it had continued but a quarter of an hour, it would have drowned Saint Geruais Bourg. This advertisement did amaze some and soon after the French King did seize upon Bresse and all Savoie, without striking any stroke: but he restored Savoie again to the Duke by the Treaty of Peace. Memoires of our time.   

A Generous and memorable Resolution.  
LADISLAUS King of Hungary, having been defeated & slain by the Turks at the battle of Varne, amongst other prisoners led to Constantinople, there were twelve young Polonian gentlemen, who were put a part, to be circumcised and to serve SULTAN AMURATH his infamous abomination, to whose Serrail they were conducted for that horrible effect. They being resolved never to endure so foul an indignity, conspired generously together, to kill this villainous Tyrant. But their intent being descovered by a certain Traitor, they purposing to free themselves once for all, of the Turkish brutality and cruelty, having shut the doors of their Serrail fast upon them, they took their rapiers and daggers and slew one an other, in fencing: so as afterwards the doors being broken open, coming in, they found them lying here and and there sta●…ke dead upon the plancher, one excepted, who yet breathed, but having reported all above written, he died soon after ●…oyfully and content. CROMER liber 21. of the History of Poland. JOACHIN CURAEUS in the Annals of Siles●…a.   

Resemblance.  
LUDOVICUS VIVES, a learned Spaniard, reports that he had seen in Maklin, two young Children Brethren, the one called PETER, the other JOHN, Sons to a Councillor of the Town, fair and well proportioned but so like one an other as not only strangers, but even the Father and the Mother were commonly mistaken, taking JOHN for PETER, and PETER for JOHN. In his annotations Book 21. Chap. 3. in the Cit●…y of God.  
Don RODRIGVE GIRON, and the Earl of Vruegue were so like, as even they which did serve them and converse daily with them, could not distinguish them, but by their apparel and carriage of their people. A. TORQVEMADE in his Hexameron journey 1.  
The Earl of Beneuent had a footman, to whom a certain man came, saying that he was his Brother, and that being young, he had left his parents. They were so like, as no man could well discern them, but that he which came last, seemed to be somewhat elder than the other. And although the footman were called by him to go and receive his part of a certain inheritance, yet he said always to the other, I know you not, I am not of your Country: swearing that he was nothing a kin to him. Yet the other continued to love him as his Brother: so as in the end the Earl commanded them to go together to a certain ancient Woman who said she was their mother. The footman went thither, being there, notwithstanding any thing that he could allege, he could not put it out of this Woman's head, but he was her own Son. Moreover to move him the more, she said unto him, if you be my Son, you should have a mark on such a foot, and in such a place, which was burnt when you were young. The footman wondering thereat, confessed it to be true. Yet he denied it still that he was her Son: protesting that he had never been in that place, as it was true: for it was justified that he differed in nature from those people, and it was certainly known who were his parents. The same Author.  
Being a boy, I did see an other strange thing in a place near unto Segovia, having stayed four or five days in a man's house, whose Wife lived also. There were two Daughters so like, as turning but the eye you could not distinguish the one from the other. These young maidens were thirteen or fourteen years old: and having demanded of the Mother which of them was the elder, she showed me the one, saying that she was half an hour elder than the other, for that they were both of one birth, and that with them there came a Son also into the world, who lived with an uncle of his in SEGOVIA. And as I wondered at her speech, she said unto me. The Brother is so like to his two Sisters, as coming to see us and to be merry at Easter last, one day he and his eldest Sister changed their apparel, and deceived both Father and me all the day long, making great sport that we did not know them, and that we took the one for the other, until night, that they made themselves known, and yet we could hardly believe it. In the same Author.  
In our time there were in avignon two Gentlemen Brethren, one resembling an other, both borne at one birth, sons to an Audienc●…er of the Pope's Court. They lived long, well limbed and strong, flaxen haired, both short sighted, of a sweet speech, gentle spirits, and pleasing aspects. They were both learned, affecting to follow great men, and to deal in affairs. They played both of the Lute, Song their parts, and did write one like unto another, the sound of their voice, words gesture, going and all their actions were so like, as their Father, Mother, and Brethren were deceived to show the difference. JOHN WILLEMIN, a learned man, hath confessed unto me, that living usually with these two brethren, and talking in a manner hourly unto them, yet he could not distinguish them, so as thinking to impart some secret unto the one, he found afterwards that it was the other: so as it was a reviving of SOSIAS in PLAUTUS AMPHITRYO. Moreover, these two brethren have been surprised at one instant, and separated one from another, they have been touched with one desire, and thought upon the like desseine. Besides one being sick, the other did likewise feel the apprehension, and did suffer some part of his Brother's grief. Moreover, the one not knowing any thing of the other, being both affected to one great woman, she made them the like answers, but severally, and at diverse hours, unknown one unto an other, to whom the Gentlewoman answered, sometimes to the one, thinking it had been the other, then to the second, whom she made much of, under this vail which deceived her by the report of his countenance with his Brothers. To conclude, the difference could never be known but by themselves: the one having a certain mark on his neck, which he brought from his Mother's womb, by the impression whereof Nature would make some difference, thereby to take away that perfect resemblance, and to hold her propriety, which is to rejoice in the diversity of things; In the 2. Tom of Prodigious Histories, part. 2. hist. 1.  
In the time of FRANCIS SFORZA Duke of Milan, there was a B●…uffon or jester in his Court called MARQVESIN, who in face, gesture, and countenance, did so resemble SIGISMOND MALATESTE, Lord of Riminy, who had married SFORZA'S Daughter, as if MALATESTE came to Milan, SFORZA knowing that it did offend him to have a Bouffon taken for him of every man, was forced to send MARQVESIN to some other place, whilst that SIGISMOND stayed at Milan. B. FULGOSE, in his Examples. lib. 9▪   

Gold and Silver contemned.  
JOHN REULHIN, being sent by EVERARD Duke of Wirtemberg, in embassage to the Emperor, after he had faithfully executed his Commission: The Emperor giving to every one rich presents. REUCLIN refused all that was offered him: beseeching the Emperor, (seeing there was no reason to refuse any thing from the liberality of so great a Prince) that he would be pleased to give him a certain copy of an Hebrew Bible, written with the hand many ages before, the which he obtained. JOHN BRASSICAN in his Preface upon SALVIAN, Of the Providence of God.   

A Pitiful Ruin.  
IN the year 1540 three Bourguignon Gentlemen, of the first houses in France, the Baron of Sen●…se, the Baron of Corberon: and the Baron of Sarry, all three young, great Noblemen, Frenchmen, and good friends, came together to Lions to buy jewels, and Silks for those whom they should marry: They lodged in an Inn called the Hogg, in Flanders street, a famous lodging, but an old building, and very ruinous. For the love that was betwixt them, they would lodge in one Chamber, and after they had spent the day together merrily, they would lie together, that they might have the more commodity to talk. It happened as they were in bed, the one reading on a Book, and the other two striving who should be in the midst, suddenly the upper plancher of the Chamber fell upon them, so as all three were smothered under the burden of this ruin. They were much lamented: and upon this pitiful and fearful accident, were made these verses following. Memorials of Lions.  

Within a wondrous lions body wide,  
A perilous Boar, but without tusk descried,  
Slew three ADONIS, and yet did not bite,  
Who rather were interred, then slain outright.    

Strange Ruins.  
I Give this Title to the following History, which is every way admirable, written by a Merchant of the Low Countries, in a discourse of his Voyage to Muscovia, not yet Printed that I know, the which I will set down as briefly as possibly I can. Moscow the chief City of all the Duke of Muscovies Countries, is a great City, but ill compact, being three G●…rmaine Leagues and a half in compass, comprehending the Suburbs, as much inhabited as the City, the which hath not above a good French League about. The Streets and Causeys are planted with great Trees, set very near togethe●…, and boarded along the houses; being so dirty there in time of rain, as it is impossible to go through the City but on Horseback, according to the custom of the Country, whereas Horses are very cheap, and of small charge, being unshod, how long so ever the journey be, but when the Y●…e lies. The Houses are but of one story, or two at the most, all built of Wood, placed one upon another. There are in the City, Suburbs and Castle, five thousand five hundred Temples, all in a manner like unto Chapels: many being made with great Trees, one laid upon the top of another. And they had high Towers without either Iron or Stone, very fine and artificially made. The great Duke's lodging is also of Wood: the which he holds far more healthful, then if it were of hard Stone. The Castle is reasonably strong of Walls and deep Ditches. It contains as much ground as the rest of the City. On the one side of it remain the Sins, on the other side the Oprissins, which are as it were ovetseers of the great Duke's treasure. These dispatch all Merchant strange●…s, and assoon as you arrive there, you must deliver into one of their hands all your goods. Being gone from the narve, about the 10. of july 1570. I arrived at Moscow about the beginning of August, where I found the great Duke and his people busied to search out some 30. persons, all which died by the Hangman's Sword, only one was cast alive into boiling water, for that they had received presents and money. Most of them were great Noblemen, and very familiar with the Duke. The rest were Merchants of Nowgart, with their Wives, Children and Families, being accused of treason in favour of the King of Poland. Within few days after, a horrible plague entered the City of Moscow, and the Country about it, with such violence, as in less than four months there died above two hundred and fifty thousand persons. And it was particularly observed, that in eight days, from the tenth to the eighteenth of August, there died 2703. Priests, and this Plague continued so strangely, as in the end every man did wonder, if he met with any one of his acquaintance as then alive.  
This extreme misery was followed the year after with a strange ruin, the 15. of May. The occasion was, that the Emperor of the Tartars being malcontent, that the Muscovite paid him no more a certain annual Tribute, and hearing on the otherside, that the great Duke by his tyrannies and murders, had so wasted his Countries, as they could make no great resistance on that side, he did summon him to pay his Tribute. But the great Duke answered him with reproachful speeches and scorns. whereupon the Tartar left his Country about the end of February, having an Army of a hundred thousand Horse, who in two months and a half, marched almost five hundred German Leagues. Being within two days journey of the Duke's frontiers, he resolved to meet them, giving them Battle, but he lost it, with a horrible rout and slaughter of his men. The Duke knowing that the Tartar would seek after him, fled with great speed as far off as he could. He was but nine Leagues from Moscow, when as the Tartars came to invest the Town, thinking him to be there. They fired all the Villages about, and seeing that the War would prove too long for them, they resolved to burn this great City, or at the least the Suburbs thereof. Having to that end disposed of their troops round about, they set fire of all parts, so as it seemed a circle on fire. Then did there rise so violent a wind, as in an instant the Town was fired. This fire was so sudden, as no man had any leisure to save himself, but where he was at that very instant. The number of them that were burnt in this fire, came to above two hundred thousand: the which happened for that their Houses were all of Wood, and the pavementin the Streets was of great Sappin Trees, the which being Oily, made the fire the more violent, so as in four hours space, the Town and Suburbs were quite consumed. I and a youngman of Rochel, my Interpreter, were in the midst of the fire, in a warehouse all vaulted of Stone, wonderfully strong, the Walls being three foot and a half thick, and had vent but of two sides: one by the which they went in and out, the which was a good long entry, and had three Iron doors, distant some six foot one from an other. On the other side, there was a window, having three Iron doors one half a foot from an other, which vents we did stop on the inside, as well as we could▪ yet there came in so great a smoke, as it had been sufficient to have smothered us, if we had not had a little Beer, wherewith we did sometimes refresh ourselves. Many Noblemen and Gentlemen were smothered in Caves, whether they retired themselves, for their houses being made of great Trees, coming to sink suddenly, smothered them all. Others being consumed to Ashes, stopped all vent: so as for want of air, those that were shut in perished. The poor Countrymen twenty miles about, who had saved themselves there with their cattle, seeing the fire, retired themselves into a great void place in the City, which was not paved with Wood as the rest were, yet they were all so roasted there, as one of the tallest men seemed but a Child, the heat of the fire had so shrunk them up: and that by reason of great houses that were about it. They were the most hideous and fearful things to see that could be imagined. In many parts of that place, men lay upon heaps above half a Pike thick: the which did wonderfully amaze me, not being able to comprehend how they should be heaped so one upon an other.  
This horrible fire made most part of the battlements of the walls to fall, and split all the ordinance that lay upon the walls, which were made of Brick after the Antic fashion, without any Ramparts or Ditch about it. Many having saved themselves about the walls, were notwithstanding roasted among others; there were many italians and Walloons of my acquaintance. Whilst the fire continued, it seemed to us that a Million of Cannons thundered together, and we dreamed of nothing but of death, thinking that the fire would continue some days: by reason of the great circuit of the City, Cas●…ell and Suburbs: But all this was consumed in less than four hours: at the end whereof the noise ceasing, we had a desire to see if the Tartars were entered, of whom we had no less fear than of the fire. They be people made for the War, and yet they eat nothing but roots or some such substance, and drink nothing but water; and the greatest Lords among them live upon no thing but upon flesh that is sodden betwixt the horseback and the saddle wherein he rides; yet they are strong men, apt to endure pain and so are their horses, which run wonderful swiftly, and go more ground in one day feeding but upon grass, then ours will do in three, though they have store of oats. And therefore the Tartars come easily from far to assail the Muscovites. but they come only in Summer, for the commodity of their horses. Their Country is temperate, from whence they depart in the end of February to be in Moscovie in the beginning of june, and they return in the end of it into their Country, lest they should be surprised with Winter in Russia: the which happening, they should all die of hunger, by reason of the deserts containing above 300. German Leagues not inhabited, and therefore without all relief of victuells, and their horses also having no grass; so as they are forced to make this voyage. Which is above 1200. German Leagues, in four or five months withal their army, the which doth commonly consist of a 150. or 200. thousand horse: but their horsemen are ill armed, carrying no other arms but a shirt of mail, with a javelin, and a bow and a●…rowes: they know not what artillery nor Harguebuzes means: having but two Cities whereas their Emperor keeps his Court, without any other Towns, villages or houses: but they content themselves to live in Tents which they remove from place to place.  
To return to our misery, having listened a little, we might hear some Muscovites running up and down through the smoke, who talked of muring up the ports to keep out the Tartars, who stayed until the fire were all quenched. I and my Interpreter, going out of the warehouse, found the ashes so hot, as we durst scarce go, but necessity forcing us, we did run to the chief port, where we found five and twenty or thirty men that had escaped the fire: with whom in a short time we did mure up that port and the rest, and kept watch all night with some hargubuzes that were preserved in the fire. In the morning seeing that the City was not to be held by so few men as we were, we sought some means to enter into the Castle, the entry whereof was then in a manner inaccessible. He that commanded there was very glad to hear our Intention, & called unto us that we should be very welcome. But there was great difficulty to enter by reason of the Bridges that were burnt, so as we were forced to climb over Walls, having heigh Sappin Trees for Ladders which they had cast out unto us, in the which they had cut notches to keep us from sliding, We did climb up with great difficulty, for besides the apparent danger of those uneasy Ladders, we carried about us the sum of 4000 Dallers, and some precious stones: the which did trouble us much to climb up these trees, and that which did increase our fear was, that before our eyes we did see some of our companions, (having nothing but their bodies to preserve,) roll down from the top of these trees into the ditch full of bodies that were burnt: and we could not go but upon dead bodies, the heaps whereof were so thick in every place as we were forced to go over them, as if they had been hills to mount upon: and that which did much trouble us, going upon them, arms and legs did break, the members of these poor Creatures, being calcined and dried up through the heat of fire. Sinking thus into these miserable carcases, the blood and filth did bound upon us. The which caused such a stench through out the whole City, as it was impossible to remain there.  
The 25. of May at night, as we did attend in great perplexity what the Tartars would attempt against us, who were 400. or there about within the Castle, the Tartars (whom we had saluted with our shot, and overthrown some of them that had approached to near one of the Castle gates) began to turn head the way by the which they came, with such speed as the next morning all this storm was passed for the which having praised GOD, and given order for our affairs, as the present calamity would permit, we departed from this desolate Country.   

A wonderful drawing of blood.  
I Was called to the suburbs of Saint German, to the house of JOHN MATIAV dwelling at the sign of Saint Michael, to visit and dress a young man about 28. years old, of a sanguine complexion being servant to one of the Admiral Birons' Stewards. He had fal●…e forward with his head upon a stone, and had hurt himself on the left side in the bone towards the forehead head, by means of which blow it had made a contused or bruised wound, without any fracture of the bone, so the seventh day he fell into a continual fever with a raving, and a great inflammation, for that the hairy scalp was hurt, and with all he had a great swelling over all his head and neck, having his face wonderfully disfigured being unable to see or speak, neither yet to swallow any thing, but that which was very Liquid. Seeing these accidents, although the day before (which was the eight after his hurt) he had been let blood by german AGACE a Master Barber, who had drawn from him four pallettes of blood, and seeing the Accidents so great, and the patient strong, I let him blood again, and drew from him fourteen pallets of blood at that one time: then the next day seeing that neither his fever, nor any of the other Accidents were any whit assuaged, but rather increased, I did let him blood again, and drew from him four pallets more. The next day following, these strange Accidents, being nothing decreased, I was of an opinion to let him blood again, yet I durst not doeit alone, considering the great quantity had been drawn from him. I therefore entreated monsieur VIOLAINE, a Doctor of Physic, a learned Man, and of a good judgement, to visit the patient. Having felt his pulse, and finding it very strong, seeing also the great swelling, and the vehemency of the inflammation, he was of opinion that he should be speedily let blood, and being told that they had drawn 22. pallets from him, he said unto me, although they had drawn more, yet must they let him blood again? seeing that the two chief reasons that induce us to let him blood are apparent, that is, the greatness of the disease, and the strength of the patient. Being glad to hear his opinion, I drew from him three pallets more in his presence, and would have drawn more, but he put it off until the afternoon, and then I drew two pallets more, which in all made seven and twenty pallets (every pallet of Paris containing three ounces and more) the which were drawn from the patient in four days. The night following he rested very well, and the next day I found him with out any fever, the swelling was greatly fallen, and his inflammation almost gone, except his upper eyelids, and the soft gristle of his ears, which places did impostume and cast forth great abundance of filth: So he was fully cured, with the help of GOD, by those remedies, the which without his blessing had been invaine. Master AMBROSE PARE lib. 9 Chap. 14.  
BABTISTA FULGOSE, in the 1. Book of his Examples, Chap. 6. reports, that an Italian Priest called german, having been let blood, lost all remembrance of Letters, and not of ordinary and common things: so as he could neither read nor write, no more than if he had never learned it: and continued a whole year in that estate. At the end of the year, at the same time, and in the same place being let blood, he recovered his knowledge of reading and writing, which he had before. TH. ZVINGER in the 1. volume of his Theatre. Book. 1.  
I have added this History, although it were of an age before ours, because it shows of a strange letting of blood.   

A desired Grave.  
IN the time of a great plague afflicting that part of the Country where I dwell, I did observe a wonderful resolution in all the simple people: and for that all of one house died, in one month. Infants, young and old, they were no more amazed, they wept no more. I did see some that were afraid to remain behind, as in a horrible solitariness: neither did I note any other care in them but of their graves. They grieved to see dead carcases lying in the fields, exposed to the mercy of wild beasts. A grave alone was held a great happiness amongst them. Some made their own graves being in good health: others lay down in them being yet alive. And a work man of mine with his hands and his feet drew the earth upon him in dying. Was not this an enterprise somewhat like unto the Roman soldiers, whom they found after the battle of Cannae, with their heads thrust into the holes, which they had made and filled up with their hands, in smothering of themselves. MONTAIGNE Book 3. of his Essays. Chap. 12.   

Sorceries, Impostures and strange illusions of Satan descovered.  
THere are some judges who to descover Witches, and to make them confess upon the rack, the horrible crimes which they have committed, are accustomed to shave the hair in every part of their bodies, & to change their apparel, with this persuasion that the will sooner confess. BODIN in his Demonomania, seemeth to allow of this, above all other expedients. And so doth SPRANGER. About a hundred years since an Inquisitor called CUMAN, held this course with one and forty Witches whom he caused to be burnt. The like hath been observed by Master JOSSE DAMHOUDERE, a learned Lawyer in Flanders. Whoin his criminal practice. Chap. 36. number 21. Reports a memorable History to this purpose. It is not undiscreetly done (saith he) to shave all the hair of the bodies of certain persons, and then to torture them; for by that means you shall hinder the force of such remedies as they use to make themselves impassable, and without feeling in their torments: the which they are accustomed to practise by Magic Arts, Sorceries, Enchantments, and execrable charms: as I myself have seen, during the time that I was a Councillor in the City of Bruges: especially in an old woman, who in her carriage, apparel, kind of life, manners (which in show were irreprehensible) did so carry herself, as all did reverence, respect and esteem her, no less than one of the apostles of our Saviour JESUS CHRIST, for that she did as it were miraculously cure the Children of many honourable families, making crooke-backes strait, setting legs and thighs that were broken suddenly, not by art nor by any medicines: but by words, enjoining some particular devotion as a fast of three days with bread and water: to say the lords prayer thrice: to go in pilgrimage to our Lady of Ardembourg, or to Saint ARNOUL of Audenbourg, or to Saint JOSSE: or to Saint HUBERT in the Forest of Ardennes: or to cause a Mass or two to be sung every day, and to assist at them deuoute'y, or to cause some prayers or small suffrages to be said at their charge. These devotions duly performed, with in few days after the diseased were cured, through the hope which they and their friends had in this woman. Her carriage & miracles being published through the Country: the Councillors and judges (whose judgements were perfect, and did see more clearly than the popular) caused this woman to be apprehended in the night, & carried to prison, but not very straightly kept, where the next day she was examined, how, by what means, by virtue of what alliance, & with what confidency, she did those covers? She always answered confidently, that she had done all with a good intent and devotion, for holy respects, and therefore they ought not to imprison her so ignominiously. Yet the Council moved by certain & apparent presumptions, appointed that she should be tortured: being brought unto the rack and mildly exhorted to confess the truth; she persisted still in the negative, with an assured countenance: maintaining, that she had done nothing but by Lawful means, and without conference with any evil spirit. There was present at her examination the Bourgomaster of Bruges, a man much afflicted with the gout, by reason whereof during her examination, he did sometimes groone and cry out like a man that had been racked. The old woman turning to him, said, Master Bourgomaster will you be quite freed from this torment of the gout. If you please, I will cure you, and that soon. Is it possible (said the Bourgomaster). I would willingly give two thousand Crowns to have ease, I will give it thee if thou canst perform what thou sayest. Then the Councillors and Officers that were present said unto him. Sir beware what you say and promise. Believe us (and sending this Witch into her Chamber) and hear quietly what we will say unto you. The woman being carried away, they added. See into what danger you are brought, through a vain persuasion, that this woman, like unto the Apostles, can by Lawful means cure your gout. In outward show, all that she doth seemeth holy and divine, but if you look narrolie into her actions, there is a great difference. Let her be called again, and demanded how she pretends to cure you: if she promiseth to help you miraculously as the Apostles did diseases in their time, and that she followeth the course which they did, we will not contradict her, knowing that GOD'S arm is not shortened. If she useth unlawful means, and relies upon them, both she and all her inventions ought rightly to be suspected. Being therefore called back again, one of these Councillors asked her: If thou presumest to cure the Bourgomaster of his gout, what means and remedies will thou apply, no other (saith she) but that the Bourgomaster believe for certain, that I have power to cure him: he shall then be whole and sound of his feet. Having spoken these words, she was sent back unto her Chamber. Then the Councillors with one voice and consent said unto the Bourgomaister and to the Assistance. You may understand by the answer of this Woman, that she doth nothing but by the power of Satan, & that she doth under-take to cure the Bourgomaster by unlawful means: for in her healing she doth not imitate the holy Apostles, who did cure diseases by faith and the power of God. saying unto the Lame; In the name of our Lord JESUS CHRIST rise up and walk. And to the blind; In the name of our Lord JESUS CHRIST receive thy sight: the one recovered his legs, and the other his sight, not by any humane help, but by the Divine power, in the name and faith of JESUS CHRIST. But this Witch doth brag to cure him, so as the patient trust in her, and believe that she can do it. This faith (or misbelief) is directly contrary to the Apostles faith. This answer duly weighed and considered of; the Bourgomaister being sorry for that which he had said, would not commit himself to the old Woman, but was ashamed of his lightness. To return unto the Witch, for that she did persist in the negative of the offences wherewith she was charged with apparent presumptions of truth: it was decreed again, that she should be put to the Rack: where being roughly handled, she made confession of some light faults. As for Sorcery and Witchcraft, she denied it confidently. She was therefore let loose and shut into her Chamber. A while after being charged again upon new presumptions, she was drawn to the Rack, where she confessed certain light faults, as she had done before. But feeling herself tormented, she began to cry out and say; Take me from hence, else I shall poison you all with the stink of my excrements, the which I can no longer hold. There were hard by certain Vaults or Privies, whether some of the assistance were of opinion they should suffer her to go. Others that were better advised, would by no means have her let loose, lest there should fall out some new difficulty worse than the former. But by the plurality of voices she was unbound, and led where she pretended to go, where she stayed above half an hour, without returning, notwith standing that she had been called twice or thrice: In the end she was forced to come from thence, to be laid again upon the Rack, the which they began to strain more than before. She without any lamenting or crying out as she did before, began to laugh, and knocking with her fingers, she began at the justice, saying. You my Masters, and thou wicked Hangman, do what you will, your cruelty cannot prevail against me. Most of the assistants thought that the Devil had made her impassable. For that she would not avow any thing of that wherewith she was charged by new informations: but being stretched out upon the Rack, she did either laugh or sleep. So as being unbound, she was carried again to her accustomed place. Afterward some other witnesses were heard, and new proofs allowed: Whereupon it was ordained, that she should be the third time tortured. But before she was laid upon the Rack, we caused her to be pulled, and all her hair to be shaven: then was she laid uppn the Rack again, and tortured very sore. Continuing still thus obstinate, some of the company remembered, that they had not shaven the hair under her Armepittes, and in some other places which I name not. They called certain Women, who laying hand on her, found little scrolls of Parchment thrust into her privy parts, containing certain names of evil spirits, and some Crosses betwixt both. These scrolls being delivered unto the justice, were the cause that she was stretched again upon the Rack, whereas then she began to cry at the first pull, and to confess every point of that wherewith she was charged by three Informations.  
Being demanded the cause of her obstinate perseverance in her former denials, she said, that if they had not shaven away all her hair, and deprived her of those brevets, the truth had never come out of her mouth, for that the force of the evil spirit was such, as with the help of her hair, and those billets she was impassable, as it appeared. Some condemned her to be burnt alive, others for the most part to do a rigorous penance publicly, and then to be banished for ever, upon pain of burning. According to this last advise and counsel, she was set upon a scaffold, and a false Periwig made for her, the which was taken from her head by the Hangman, and cast into a great fire made to that end: and she was led by two Senators and the Advocate of Bruges, out of the Territory. So she retired out of the Country of Flanders into Zealand, remaining some certain weeks at Middelbourgh, where she returned presently to her first trade. FLORENT DAM, judge of the Town was advertised presently by us, of all the cause that had passed in the process of this woman; and in favour of justice, there was sent unto him a copy of the Informations, of her confession upon the Rack and of the sentence that was given against her. By means whereof he had a watch over her, and discovering by diverse apparent presumptions, that she did continue in her devilish sorceries, caused her to be apprehended and put in prison, who having straightly examined her by her voluntary confession, and according to the former judgement, he condemned her to be burnt, the which was executed. Then he sent Letters of advice to the Council of Bruges, of all that had passed, & by mouth made a large discourse to DAMHOUDERE, from whom we had this relation. I GEORGE GODELMAN in his Treatise of Witches and Witchcraft. lib. 3. Chap. 10. sect. 38.  
About the year 1545. there was discovered at Cordoa, a very famous and renowned Town in Andalousia in Spain, that which followeth. A Child of a poor family called MAGDELINE de la Croix, of the age of five years, was put by the Parents or Tutors into a Covent of Nuns. It is not known whether it were for devotion or for poverty. Being thus young, and ignorant as yet what evil was, they say notwithstanding (so inscrutable are the judgements of GOD) that the Devil appeared unto her, in the form of a black and hideous Moor. Although at the first sight she were greatly terrified, yet this enemy did so flatter her, and did promise her so many pretty works wherein Children take delight, as she did accustom herself to talk familiarly with him, but always enjoining her, that she (who was fearful) should discover nothing of this association. In this time the child seemed to have a wonderful wit, quick, and differing in disposition from others: so as she was much esteemed of the ancient Nuns, and of other young Maids. Being come to the age of 12. years or thereabouts, she was solicited by the Devil to marry herself unto him: and for her dowry he promised her to work so, as for thirty years or there about, she should live in such opinion of Holiness throughout all Spain, as there had never been the like. Whilst that MAGDELEINE (under the opinion of this contract) spent the time in her Chamber with this unclean spirit, who entertained her by his illusions: An other Devil took the form and resemblance of MAGDELEINE, & was in the Church, in the Cloister, and in all the assemblies of Nuns, with great show of devotion. Besides after that he had done MAGDELEINS' service in the Church, he let her understand all that was done in the world, whereof giving advertisement to those that had her already in great reputation, she was esteemed to be a Holy Virgin, and began to have the name of a Prophetess. By reason whereof, (although she were not yet of full age) she was chosen Abbess by a general consent of the Monks and all the Nuns. When as the Nuns received the Sacrament on days accustomed among them, the Priest did always cry out, that they had taken away one of his Ostes, the which was carried by the abovenamed Angel to MAGDELEINE, who was in the midst of her Sisters, the which she put into her mouth, & showed as a great miracle. They say moreover, that if by chance MAGDELINE was not present when Mass was said, although there were a Wall betwixt them, yet when the Priest did lift up the Corpus Domini, this Wall did rive in two, that MAGDELINE might see it, and eat it afterwards. It is also a notorious thing, that if in any solemn Feast-day, the Nuns did lead her in procession, to make the act more reverent by some extraordinary wonder, she was raised from the ground in the presence of them all, above three Cubits high. Sometimes she carried a little Image of JESUS CHRIST, new borne and naked, and in weeping (for she could power out abundance of tears when she pleased) her hair grew down to her heels, wherewith she covered the Image: then suddenly her hair appeared in their first length. She did many such other illusions, especially on solemn days, to make all more admirable: These were her principal miracles.  
In the mean time, the Pope, the Emperor, and the great men of Spain did write unto her: and by their Letters did beseech her, to have them and their affairs in recommendation in her prayers: yea they asked her advise in matters of very great importance: as it appeared by Letters that were found afterwards in her Closet. Moreover, there were many Ladies and Gentlewomen which did not swadle their Children new borne, before the Abbess MAGDELINE had with her holy hands touched and blest the swaddling bands: in like sort, all the Nuns of Spain were wonderfully well pleased to have such a Mother, to whom they did attribute a good part of the holiness of their Orders. In the end GOD would have this fraud of Satan laid open. For MAGDELINE after that she had spent about thirty years in this acquaintance with the Devil, and been Abbess twelve years, she began to grow weary of her passed life. Therefore after that she had detested these Devilish Arts, and the horrible society of Satan, she discovered freely (and when as they lest dreamt of it) this notable wickedness, unto the visitors of the Order. Some Spaniards of credit and very learned, have reported unto me, that MAGDELINE knowing that the Nuns had discovered her fraud: and that (fearing to be accused,) she had prevented them, confessing her offence first: for that the custom of Spain is, that if any one did freely confess an offence, which deserved a gr●…euous punishment, he was pardoned. Every one was amazed at this confession, the news thereof was so strange, and they were of opinion to inquire more curiously of this matter. To proceed more lawfully therein, and with better order: MAGDELINE was imprisoned in the Covent where she was Abbess: where being examined, she confessed all: and yet the Moor continued his illusions still, for whilst she was in prison watched narrowly by men that were at the door of the prison, and that they did examine her cause: the Nuns being gone into the Church at midnight to sing Matins; MAGDELINES phantom came and sat in the Chair in the Quire, after the accustomed manner, and was seen upon her knees, as it were praying, and attending the other Nuns: so as every one thought verily it had been their Abbess, and that the visitors had suffered her to come unto the midnight Matins, for the great testimonies she gave of her repentance. But the next day following, the nuns understanding that MAGDELINE came not out of prison, reported unto the Visitors what they had seen the night before. They having well examined the matter, found that MAGDELINE went not out of prison. Her process was in the end sent to Rome, and for that she had voluntarily confessed her offence, she was absolved. CASSIODORE RENEY in his Relations: ZVINGER in the Theatre of man's life. volume 5. lib. 4. BODIN lib. 2. of his Demonomania. Chap. 7.  
I will tell you what I have seen, being at Calaris a Town in the Island of Sardinia, whereas then they talked of the arraignment of certain Witches, who (they said) had had conference with them of France and of Navarre, which had been sought out and punished not long before. A very fair Gentlewoman, about seventeen or eighteen years of age, being enticed by one of these Witches, came to have conference with a Devil, who came sometime to see her, in the shape of a goodly man: by means whereof he deceived her, and had his pleasure on her, she being fallen greatly in Love with him. Having entertained her sometime, they descover that she was a Witch: and although she were convicted, yet could they not get her to confess her faults, but continuing obstinate, she believed confidently that the Devil would save her, as he had promised, and transported with the affection which she bore him, she spoke many things which did terrify them that heard her, To conclude, she suffered herself to be put alive into the fire, call still upon this Devil, and so perished miserably. ANT de TORQVEMADO in the 3. journey of his Hexam.  
another Gentlewoman, rich, fair and of a very great quality, seeing a knight her neighbour, who was rich and a goodly Gentleman, she fell in Love with him, looking on him with great affection, but not descovering her passion. Sometime after, the Devil, espying this Gentlewoman, took upon him the shape of this knight, and proceeds in such sort, as he wins the Gentlewoman, upon condition that he should marry with her. She who thought it had been her knight, accepted of him, and received him many nights into her Chamber where he late with her. In this sort they spent some months, during the which the Devil persuaded her not to send any message unto him▪ for that their business must continue secret: and when he should see her, he would not seem to know her: and therefore although she were sometimes before the true Knight, she made no show of her affection, as also she imputed it to dissimulation that he spoke not unto her, and gave no sign of that which concerned their Alliance. Sometimes after, the Gentlewoman's Mother gave her Daughter a certain relic to wear about her. Whereat the feigned knight counter fetting an amazement, came no more, and so some months were spent: during the which the Gentlewoman knowing that the true Knight made Love to another, she grew into an extreme jealousy: and not able to endure this distemperature in her brain, she sent one day to entreat him to come and speak with her, having something to say unto him. The Knight ignorant of the cause, but otherwise a courteous Gentleman, went presently unto her, found her alone, and said that he was come to hear and receive her commandments. The Gentlewoman seeing him, and hearing him speak, like one that did scarce know her, she began to complain of him, for that so longtime he had not cared to see her nor speak to her. The Knight much amazed as one that did not conceive the meaning of this woman, answered her in such sort as she thought he dissembled to much. Growing therefore into choler, she began to chide him, saying, that seeing he had enjoyed her so long, there were no reason he should now think to forsake her, but he must perform the promise which he had made to marry her: and if he would do otherwise, besides that she would make her complaints to almighty GOD & the world, she would force him to the execution of his promise, seeing that he would not willingly perform it. The Knight grew more amazed then before, and made her answer, that he understood nothing of her Language, and that she mistook herself, for that he had never had any secret conference with her: had promised her nothing, neither could she demand any thing at his hands. The Gentlewoman mad with this answer, in replying said. Do you not remember that you did this and this with me, repeating every thing that had happened unto her with the impostor in the Knight's shape: adding withal, you cannot avoid it to be my husband and I your wife. The Knight being much amazed, began to protest that she was much deceived to think it to be true, and contending thereon, the Gentlewoman did note unto him the day of the promise, which was upon a solemn feast day. Then the Knight swore unto her that upon that day, nor three weeks before, nor three weeks after he had not been in the Town, neither in his house, nor in hers: the which I will prove unto you so plainly, as you shall rest satisfied, and if any one hath deceived you in my name, I am not to be blamed. But to the end you should not doubt of the truth of my saying, I will presently verify it. Then (not departing from her,) he caused seven or eight of his household servants and others to come, who unacquainted with the cause, did swear that the Knight had spoken the truth, and that all that time he had been above fifty Leagues from thence. The Gentlewoman much troubled with this deposition, began to remember some particularities, and to apprehend that no mortal man could have done them: but that they were Imposturs' of Satan: so as soon after the retreat of the true Knight, she began to find the cause of this abuse: and detesting her foolish concupiscence, humbling herself, she resolved not to think any more of marriage, but ended the remainder of her days in a Monastery. In the same Book.   

A bloody sweat.  
THE Plague being in the Town of Misnia in Saxony, there died a great number of people, in the year 1542. in the month of july. It happened that an honest woman 〈◊〉 AGATHE ATERMAN fell sick, and for the space of four days sweet great drops of blood at her forehead, so as, as soon as ever they had wiped her, others came presently: she died about the twentieth of September. GEORGE le FEURE in the Annals of Misnia. Book 3.   

A Miserable Rashness.  
CLAUDE, Bastard Daughter to SINEBALD FIESQVE Earl of Lavagne, being married to a Gentleman of Chiavari, near unto Genoa, called RAVASCHIER, was much courted to her dishonour, by a Gentleman of the same place, named JOHN de la TOUR, who abusing the love RAVASCHIER did bear him, did seek to rob him of his Wife. But this virtuous Gentlewoman having oftentimes rejected him, he was so blind as to imagine that her denials were but allurements, and settling this unworthy conceit in his brain, finding his friend to be one day absent, he went and lay under the Gentlewoman's bed, hoping that night being come, and she lying alone, he might easily enjoy her. Being retired, and laid to her rest, before her Chambermaid went away into a near Closet, she commanded her to look about if there were not any thing that might disquiet her rest in the night. The 〈◊〉 aving searched every where, in the end she cast down her eyes, and spied under her Mistress bed a black thing, She cried out, and both fled out of that Chamber into another over it, whereas the Gentlewoman's Father in law was. LA TOUR seeing himself discovered, opens the Chamber windows speedily, and casts himself into the street, where he was pitifully broken and bruised, and by the help of a friend of his that came by chance, he was carried home to his own house. Some hours after this Tragedy is known, for that Chiavary is but a small place. The Father in law sends letters to RAVASCHIER, and to LEWIS of Fiesque Brother to the Gentlewoman, who sent CORNELIUS their Brother with RAVASCHIER and some Soldiers, who come secretly in boats being strong and well guarded by the Genevois, they presently force JOHN de la TOVRS house, and finding him very lame in his bed of his fall, they cut his throat, hew him in pieces, and then fly. Such was the end of his rashness. History of Italy.   

treasures found spoiled, lost, sought for again vainly and dangerously.  
ABout the year 1550. near unto Deve a Town in Transiluania, the rain and ruins of water having been very great, and the we●…her grown fair, some peasants going forth to work, descover by the reverberation of the Sun, a great treasure which did shine, under a rotten tree which looked red through age. There was first of a la serpent all of gold, the which after the death of a Monk called GEORGE, (who had seized thereon, and was slain) came to the hands of the Emperor FERDINAND. There was also found a great number of Medailles of gold, of the weight of three Crowns a piece, having the figure of LYSIMACHUS King of Thrace of the one side, and on the other side a victory. The peasants had the value of twenty thousand Crowns for their shares. The rest was sent to FERDINAND then King of Bohemia by JOHN BAPTISTA CASTALDE his Lieutenant, with two Medailles of gold, of NINUS and SEMIRAMIS, given to the Emperor CHARLES the 5. This treasure was valued at above a hundred thousand Crowns. ACS. CENTORIUS. Book 4. of the war of Transiluania.  
A poor fisherman remaining at Bresse, called BARTLEMEWE, Grandfather to ANTHONY CODRE VRCE a learned Gramarien in our time, digging in the ground, found a great vessel, full of silver, with the which he purchased land sufficient to entertain his family (which was great) honestly: and moreover he did set up a goodly shop of spices, and became one of the richest men in the Country. BARTHE LMEWE of Bologne in the life of ANTHONY CODRE VRCE.  
The Marquis of Pescara having taken Tunis from BAREAROUSSE, and being brought into the Citadel by the Christiā●… that were prisoners there, one of them being a Genevois borne, descovered unto him a treasure that was put into sacks and cast into a Cistern, where they found above thirty thousand ducats in gold, the which the Emperor CHARLES the 5. gave unto the Marquis. P. JOVIUS Book 34. of his Histories of our time. The treasure of CHARLES Duke of Bourgondy won by the Swisses, in the battles which they gave him near to Gransoa & Morest amounted to great sums of gold and silver, both coined and uncoined: the true value whereof was not justly known, for that at that time the Swisses did more esteem the heads of their pikes, halberds and their swords, than the gold or silver of foreign Princes. About the year 1520. a young man simple in all his behaviour called LEONARD LIRNIMAN, Son to a Tailor of Basill, being entered (they knew not how) into a Grotte or Cave, which is not far from the town, where he had passed farther than any other, he told wonders at his return. Having carried with him a great wax-candle that was blest and light when as he entered. Going far into the Cave, he first passed an iron door: then he went on from Chamber to Chamber until he found green and stately gardens. In the midst of it was a hall richly furnished: and in it a very fair Maid, carrying on her head a Crown of gold, with her hair hanging down, but from the Navel downward it was an horrible Serpent. She took LEONARD by the hand, & led him to a Cofet of iron, about the which did lie two great black dogs, which began to bark horribly against him. But the Maid began to threaten them, and causing them to be still, she takes a great bundle of keys which hung about her neck, opens the coffer and draws forth all sorts of Medaills, of gold, silver and copper: most of the which she presented to this young man, who showed them afterwards to many in Basill. He added that this Maid said unto him, that she was issued from a Royal stock: and that she had been monstrously transformed in that sort long since by horrible Imprecations: neither did she hope for any delivery, until that a chaste young man, who had been never polluted in any sort, had kissed her thrice. Then she should recover her first form, and for a recompense she would give unto the young man that should free her, the Treasure contained in that coffer. He did affirm, that thereupon he came very near unto her, and had kissed her twice, but at either of them she made such grievous and horrible faces, as he thought she would devower him or tear him in a thousand pieces. Being carried by some disordered people into a Tavern, he could never afterwards find the entry, nor the descent into the Cave: for the which the poor wretch did often lament and weep bitterly. Every one may see that this Maid was a Satanical illusion. And on the other side the ancient Roman Medayles which he brought out of this Cave, and sold to divers Bourgeses of Basill, show that there might be some hidden Treasure in that Cave, kept by some covetous Companion of Satan: as in the mines of gold, the workmen do sometimes encounter with evil spirits which torment them strangely. After this young man, an other borne at Basill, priest with extreme necessity in a dear year went into the Cave, hoping to find this Treasure for the relief of his family. But having gone but a little way, and found nothing but dead men's bones, he was so terrified, as without looking behind him, he speedily recovered the entry of the Cave, and returned all amazed to his house being empty handed. STUMPFIUS in the History of Suisserland.  
In the year 1530. the Devil did show unto a Priest through a Crystal glass, certain Treasures near unto the City of Nuremberg. But as the Priest sought for them in a hollow place without the City, having taken a friend with him to be a spectator, and beginning to see a coffer in the bottom of the Cave by the which there lay a black dog, he entered into it, where presently he was smothered with the earth that fell on him and filled up all the Cave. I. wire, Book 2. of Impostures. Chap. 5. About eight Leagues and a half from the City of Leon in new Spain, there is a mountain, in the top whereof there is a wonderful great breach or mouth, from the which it doth sometimes cast such great flames of fire, as in the night it may be plainly seen 25. leagues off. Many have imagined, that it was some vain of gold that was molten, and entertained this fire. For this cause a JACOBIN would make trial of it: causing a Chain of Iron to be forged, with an Iron Bucket at the end of it, and went to the place with four other Spaniards. Being there, they let down the Chain with the Bucket, the which was molten with some part of the Chain. The jacobin returned very angry to Leon, complains to the Smith that he had made the Chain much slenderer than he had commanded. The Smith makes an other much greater than the first. The same being done with a Bucket proportionable unto it: the jacobin goes the second time to the Mountain with his companions, and let's down the Chain and Bucket as at the first: But it succeeded as before, and almost worse: for suddenly there came out of this hollow place, a Ball of fire so great, as the jacobin and his companions thought to have died there: at the least they were so amazed, as they had no more list to meddle with that fire, but returned much terrified unto the Town, without ever speaking more of the Mountain, or of the Treasure. I have known a Priest in the same Town, who having acquaintance with a Spanish Treasurer, had opportunity by his means to send a Letter to the King of Spain, in the which he beseeched his Majesty to furnish him with 200. slaves to work in this Mountain, promising to draw forth wonderful great Treasures. The King sent him word, that he should work at his own charge if he would: as for him, he had no slaves to send him. So the Mountain remained still in that place, without stirring or any more visiting of the Priest, or of any other after him. JEROSME BENZO a Milanois. lib. 2. of the History of the New found world. Chap. 16.  
ENCISO a Spaniard, having with his company defeated certain Indians which kept him from foraging of their country, he entered into their chief Village, & there found store of bread, fruits, roots, & other things to eat, wherewith he refreshed himself and his men. Then they went to search along the banks of the river which was near, where they found great store of stuff, Coverlets, and vessel of earth and wood, which they had hidden in the Reeds, with about 120000. crowns in gold wrought, the which COMACCO Lord of the Village had hidden there thinking to save it from the Spaniards hands. And if certain Indians had not discovered this treasure unto them, they had never found it, & yet they were fain to torture them, to make them confess where it was. BENZO lib. 2. Chap. 2. But this treasure, and all others discovered here or there in our time, are but a handful of silver in respect of those of the Kings of Peru, as well in their stately Garden, where all was of gold, as in their Cabinet, where every thing created or artificial, was to be seen of pure gold. The ransom of ATABALIPPA, amounting to above sixty two Millions of gold, and would have been above a hundred Millions. If PIZARRE had had the patience & in the end the Treasures of the Temple of the Sun, the which were greater, and were spoiled by the Spaniards, who afterwards slew one another, & spoilt the Land to enrich the Sea, as their own Histories do confess.  
When as the Emperor made war against the Princes of German, a rich Gentleman turned the channel of a River which passed by his Castle, and in a deep ditch in the said channel, hid all that he had of any value, and then brought the River to his accustomed course: yet the Spaniards discovered this Treasure of themselves, they turned the water and found out all, then digging farther, they found other goods, but almost all was consumed in process of time. PHILIP CAMERARIUS. Chap. 63. of his Meditations.  
King PHILIP the last deceased, being (after a peace made with HENRY the 2. King of France) embarked in the low Countries with a great number of ships, to be the sooner in Spain, and with him all the rich jewels that the Emperor CHARLES the 5. his Father, had gathered together in Italy and Germany, during his prosperous victories, with the rich hangings, and other stately things made with great charge in Flanders: even as he arrived in the Port of Saint james in Galicia, there did ●…ise so great a storm, that of all that stately furniture, gathered together with so great toil and time, nothing came to a safe port; but the Sea was heir to all this rich Treasure, in sight of the Spaniards, who were in great heaviness. And as for King Philip, this torment spared him as little, for he had scarce put his foot into an other bark, when as the ship in which he went, sunk into the Sea, so great was the fury of the winds. History of FRANCIS the 2.  
The Treasures brought from the Indies, in gold, silver, Pearls, Precious stones, and rich Merchandise, within these hundred years, are almost innumerable. What the fruits have been, I refer myself unto the Reader. It is a subject for a whole Book, whereof the conclusion shall be. All is made vanity, and pernicious in many kinds.   

Traitors punished.  
AMong other strong places which the Turks have taken in Hungary from the Christians, we may name Alba julia, the which was yielded up by that Traitor LADISLAUS LEREZIN, who commanded there in the name of MAXIMILIAN the Emperor in the beginning of june, in the year 1566. although he had been advertised, that within two days he should be relieved. The place being yielded by composition, first the Turks cut all the Soldiers throats, except some few which saved themselves politicly. As for LADISLAUS, he was carried bound hand and foot to SELIM, and accused that he had cruelly slain some Turkish prisoners, for the which he was condemned by SELIM, and delivered to his accusers, to use as they pleased. They therefore put him into a great Pipe, sticked full of long Nails, and then rolled him down from a high Mountain, so as the Nails ran through him, and he died in horrible Torments. His Son partaker of his Treason died miserably, without means, and abandoned of all men, having sold all his lands and his goods, and wickedly consumed what he had. I. LEONCLAIUS, in the supply of the Annals of Turkey. SOLYMAN father to SELIM, did cruelly put to death the soldiers of the garrison of Buda, who had forced their Captain to yield that impregnable Fort unto the Turks. As for the Captain, he was preserved & honoured. A traitor in the Town of Rhodes, did many services unto SOLIMAN, upon a promise to have one of SOLIMAN'S daughters in marriage. The Island & Town being won, he presented himself to SOLIMAN, who caused him to be fleid alive, saying, that he was a Christian, and that he pretended to marry a Turkish wife, they must therefore take off his old skin. Being thus flayed, they laid him upon a bed all covered with Salt, where he died in unspeakable torments. CAMERARIUS in his Historical Meditations, Chap. 7.   

Earthquakes.  
THE year one thousand five hundredth and eight, at two of the clock on a wednesday morning, the earth began to quake in such manner at Constantinople, that divers Steeples fell down, the attorneys tumbled to the ground, the walls cracked in sunder, and many stately buildings were overthrown, with the ruins whereof a great number of persons were slain. No Man knew where to save himself. The people running out of their houses, got into large void places and Gardens, so to escape all danger. For the Earthquake lasted all that morning, without intermission, and continued forty days after, in such sort that one might easily feel and discern it every hour. Annals of Turkey, published by I. LEONCLAIUS. Doctor GARCEUS in his meteorology, briefly describes 163. Earthquakes, mentioned in Histories before & after the coming of our Saviour unto the year 1564. We will present that which he speaketh of those of our time, following the scope of this our collection of Histories.  
Upon the 14. day of September 1509. an horrible Earthquake so shook the City of Constantinople, for the space of eighteen days, that all the walls towards the Sea, and all the houses adjoining, were quite overthrown, & Ditches filled up with the ruins. The Castle was thrown down where the Turk lays his treasure, together with his five Towers, and the Palace whereas the Lions are kept. In like manner all the conduits that convey water from Danubius to Constantinople were shaken and spoiled. The strait of the Sea between the City and the Town of Pera, moved in such manner, that the water flashed over the walls on either side. The Customhouse was clean overturned into the Water. Thirteen thousand persons were slain with ruins in Earthquake.  
The year following, almost all Italy was shaken with diverse reiterated Earthquakes. The year 1517. an Earthquake in Germany overthrewe two thousand houses and Granges at Nordlingen and thereabout. All Portugal was shaken the year 1531. Fifteen hundredth fair great Houses were overthrown in the City of Lisbon: and almost all the Churches fell down. This Earthquake endured eight days, and seven or eight times a day shook the City exceedingly. Also the ground opened in many places, whence issued a contagious air that engendered a Plague, which carried away an exceeding multitude of people. Two years after, there was an Earthquake at Tergow in Switzerland, which turned a pretty big River from his course, where-into it entered not again, till it had under-mined and over thrown a little Hill that hemmed it in. Presently thereupon the Town of Basill was shaken very sore with three several Earth quakes, in less than a month.  
In the year 1537. the Country of Pouzol was so forely shaken with Earthquakes, for the space of twenty months and above that not an edifice remained whole and entire. But toward the end of September, in the year following, this Earthquake began again with such vehemency, and without discontinuing either night or day, that the Sea recoiled two hundredth paces back, whereupon ensued the taking of a huge quantity of Fish. The 30. day of the same month, a great continent of land between the foot of the Mountain called Barbaro, and the Sea by the Lake Auerna, seemed to rise up, and suddenly to take the form of a Mountain. The next morning about two of the clock, this Mountain of earth cleaving in sunder, began to vomit forth flames of fire, with a wonderful noise. Amidest those flames it cast out Pumyce stones and Flints, with such a company of stinking Ashes, that they covered all the ruins of Pouzol, and the fields adjoining: the Trees were borne down, and the Vines a quarter of a mile about were reduced to powder, The Fowls and Beasts of the fields had their share of it. As for the inhabitants of Pouzel, they saved themselves in Naples. These stinking Ashes blewe above eight miles abroad, being very dry close to the over-ture, but sulpharous and moist a far off. Moreover, a great and mighty Mountain of those Pumyce-stones and Flintstones, and Ashes, grew up by the over-ture in one night, a thousand paces high and more, having many events, whereof two continued a long time after. The flames endured divers months.  
The twentieth day of january 1538. Basil was shaken again with an Earthquake, and two years after in the month of December all Germany had experience of it, with the ruins and spoils of many buildings. The year 1541. a valley in Suisserland was shaken, and near to the Apennine a torrent of marvelous stinking sulphur was seen running along the fields. The year 1551. upon the 28. day of january Lisbon in Portugal was shaken with a new earthquake, which overthrew two hundredth houses, & killed above a thousand persons. In September the year following, there was another earthquake at Basil, as also in divers towns of Misnia, & sundry places thereabout, whereof ensued many ruins, plagues & violent death. The next year after, about the month of August, the Country all along the river of Elba in Saxony had a part of the like visitation. GARCA●…VS addeth another strange earthquake in a quarter of Germany, where certain towns and villages were swallowed up with a great number of folks: and he saith that this earthquake lasted 15. days. as much happened two moveths before to Cattaro a town of Sclavonia, belonging to the Venetians, wherein perished a great multitude of people, swallowed up by an overture of the earth. The year 1570. the City of Ferrara was shaken by an earthquake for the space of many days together, with the ruin of divers fair places & other goodly buildings. The wars, plagues, famines, inundations of seas and rivers, happening after such signs from heaven, are noted in the histories of our time: as we also purpose to present the histories of them in their fit place. On Sunday the first day of March 1584. in the Countries of Lyonnois, Masconnois Dauphine, Savoy, Piedmont, Valais, Suisserland & Bourgondy, between a 11. & 12. a clock at noon, the sky clear & bright and the Sun shining, happened a sudden earthquake, which lasted not above ten or eleven minutes at that time. It was chiefly perceived by the crackling of windows, clapping of doors, shaking of houses, beams, and trees together, with a great noise and roaring in the air. Many chimneys fell down, divers walls cracked in sunder, and the foundations of certain houses shook, namely about the lake of Lausanne, especially in the Countries of Vault, Fossigny, Chablais & places adjoining. Three or four chimneys, and the wall of an old house fell down at Geneva, without any other harm. The next day, this earthquake redoubled about the upper end of the Lake of Lausanne, and on Tuesday both in the morning and at night it waxed greater with wind and sleet, but on Wedensday between 9 and 10. of the clock in the morning this which followeth happened in a certain place of the Country being some two hours journey from this upper end of the Lake, and four Harquebus shot or there about from the town of Aille, appertaining to the Canton of Berne. A great quantity of earth tumbling from the top of the mountains (like an impetuous flood of waters rushing down the rocks) launched itself forth, as some have affirmed, the length of a mile, not so much by it own natural motion, which tended downward, as pushed forward by winds and exhalations mingled among. This earth ran so violently along, that in an instant it covered the places which were next below it, upon the which it disgorged itself, and carried all the ground that it met withal before it: which rolled along as furiously as the first: & it was like to a rough sea, where one wave drives on another. The plains were not only carried away, but the hills that overlooked the bottoms were likewise removed. Now it is to be noted that the place of this first motion of the earth was at the mouth of a strait caused by divers hillocks which are commonly sound in the nooks of mountains. At the mouth and issue of this strait was Corberi a small village or hamlet of some 8. houses, and 10. or 11. granges with certain mills, that were driven by the water of a little brook. The earth rushed so furiously on this village, that suddenly it was all covered over, except one house, where it chanced that the goodman astonished with the noise he heard, told his wife that he was persuaded the end of the world was come, & therefore willed her join with him in prayer unto GOD, that it might please him to have mercy on them. Whereupon falling on their knees in their house they reaped such fruit of their prayers, that the earth which rolled along, passed like a raging wave over their house without any hurt, save the goodman himself, that was a little hurt in the head. As for the other houses & granges they were all cast down, and almost quite covered over. Another notable thing happened in this very place, namely a Child of 12. or 13. weeks old was found safe & sound in his Cradle, having his poor mother dead by him, who laying her arms over the Cradle for to save her Child had her brains beaten out with the fall of the house. The like befell a little girl of a year old found safe and well under the ruins of another house. As for the mills they were broken all to pieces. A marvelous matter happened in one of them. For standing in a low place the beam of the wheel, and the wheel itself were found whole and entire on the top of a little hill 500 paces higher than the situation of the Mill. Moreover the further this deluge of earth ran downward, the more the desolation augmented. For shooting itself against the village of Yuorne, which lay underneath Corberi, it buried an hundredth persons alive (some say more) two hundredth & 40. milk-cows, and a number of Horse and Oxen. It covered three score & nine houses, an hundeth & six granges, and 4. vaults, with a great quantity of corn, wine, movables & pasture. For in truth this village was marvelous well fitted with all things, and accounted one of the best of all the Country of the Cantons. The situation of it was on the side of a hill lying East and West, in so fertile a place, that they had continually 3. crops in a year of one piece of ground. There was not any poor or beggar amongst them, but every one even to the meanest lived honestly by that that he had and his own labour, being simple people, industrious, and estranged from the evil practices of usury & strifes in Law, according to the testimony of all their neighbours. It is reported the ruin was so sudden, that no Canon can sooner discharge a shot, than all this was executed. divers have testified that a far off they saw some 20. persons the most part women and Children, that running down the hill for to save themselves, were in a moment overtaken, beaten down, and covered over with earth. There were some among them, but the greater part women and children: because the men were most of them at work in the field. Amidst this visitation, GOD used such mercy that there was not any house wherein remained not some one man or child alive. Besides the terrible noise which the earth made, rolling along with a mixture of hail & stones flying in the air, a great sort of sparks of fire were seen, & a gross thick Cloud, whence issued an exceeding filthy smell of sulphur. At last this inundation of earth stayed itself against 2. houses that joined together, which were covered up half way the walls, without any further harm, besides the which there remains 7. or 8. other houses with as many Granges, and a few barns. Extractedout of the Annotations and Observations upon I. du CHESNES great Mirror of the world.  
On the fifth day of September being Saturday 1590. according to the ancient computation, and an hour before Sun set, the earth began to shake in Austria, Moravia, Bohemia, Misnia, Silesia and Lusatia. But a little after, to wit, between twelve and one of the clock at midnight, this Earthquake began again thorough all the Provinces aforesaid, with a marvelous shaking, and most of all in Vienna, the capital City of the Archdutchy of Austria: where the top of the great steeple of Saint Stephen's Church, was so shaken that a number of mighty huge stones fell down from it upon the roof of the Church: and the whole frame of the said steeple was moved with such vehemency, that they were fain to new repair it. Another steeple by it, wherein hangs one of the greatest Bells in Europe, was likewise shaken. Not far from the Scottish gate, the Steeple of a Church was overthrown, and the Church itself was so cleft in sunder, that they were forced to take it down. It happened at the same time, that a certain Butcher, which used to lie a nights in his stall fast by that Scottish gate, upon a sudden felt his stall beaten down with the stones that tumbled on it in very great abundance, without receiving any hurt, or so much as once touched with those stones in any part of his body. contrarily the Sun an Inn in the City, was dashed all to pieces with the fall of a steeple that stood by it. And divers persons were brained, namely the Mistress of the house, her Daughter and Mother, two rich Merchants, that had five thousand Crowns in gold found about them, the Post of Lintz and three other men: whose bodies at length were drawn forth from under the ruins. Besides this Saint Michel's steeple, a Church of the jesuits, and the pinnacles of Saint Laurence and Saint john's Churches fell down. There was neither building, bulwark, Church nor house within the walls of Vienna which was not shaken, cracked, broken, or in some sort damnified by this earthquake. All the inhabitants got them out of the City with all speed, and went into gardens and other void open places.  
In a village not far from Vienna, called Hernalsi, the Church and divers houses fell down. as much happened in the town of Oula, another village named Siegeitzkirchen had the Church, the parsonage house, and the walls of the Churchyard overthowen: Pixendorf, another village was quite and clean cast down. In like manner Pfasfensted, & the Castle of judenow, new builded from the ground but three years before: and another called Sitzberg were so shaken, that no body durst dwell in them a long time after. In other places divers persons were hurt and killed with the ruins of houses. Two miles from Vienna, a Mill that stood on the water, was hoist up and thrown a good way of upon the dry Land: and a great sort of fish were cast up on the banks of the same river. A little beneath Vienna, the ground opened, whence issued such a stinking pestilent vapour, that the inhabitants about it were not able to endure it. The overture was four foot broad, very long, and so deep that it could not be sounded. In Moravia, Bohemia, and other Countries adjoining this earthquake continued many days, but not altogether so violent. I. HEDERY, in his oration of the earthquake in Austria.  
It is observed that this terrible earthquake, which killed well near all the garrison in the Castle of Canisium in Hungary, fell upon the very same day that Pope VREAN the seventh was elected, who held the Roman Sea but ten days. D. CHYTREUS in his Chronicle of Saxony. pag. 872.   

Of Valour.  
THE number of valiant men in our time, and of their brave explots, is very great. The following volumes shall ●…urnish divers examples, here we will note some, with an intent not to forget the rest, for the present we offer a medley of histories. A Portugal Lady, being embarked in the year 1520. with two of her Brethren, called JOHN and ARIAS COCILLO, and a fisherman, named ANTHONY GRIMALDI, conducted in a carvel by certain mariners, being at sea they were set upon by a fregat of Pirates, eight whereof (having grappeled with the Carvel) leapt into them. But JOHN, ARIAS and ANTHONY, run and defend themselves in such sort, as they kill four of the Assailants, and force the rest to retire with more speed than they had entered. In the mean time the Mariners go on their course, and leave the frigate far behind them. The Pirates understanding by them that were escaped, that there were but three Combatants in the Carvel, and that the rest were but women and Mariners, they began to row up withal their force and grapple again with the Carvel, than sixteen of them well armed leap in by the prow: the two Brethren make head against them with great resolution. ANTHONY joins with them, having no other arms, but a hatchet in his right hand, and a Mariners wasecoate about his left arm. The encounter was very sharp, and had been greater if their number had been equal. In the end the Pirates having lost most of their men retire with the remainder into their frigate. Whilst they were thus in fight, some of the Pirates leapt in by the Poop: but they were repulsed by the Mariners. ANTHONY ran unto the hatch of the Carvel, and took the coals and cenders which he found there, and cast them into the F●…igate, wherewith some were burnt. He was wounded in divers places, but not mortally. The Caravell arrived safe at her pretended Port, in despite of the Pirates, who after this second fight, durst no more approach. OSORIUS, lib. 12. Chap. 2. Of the History of Portugal.  
MANVEL PACHE CO, a Portugal Captain, being sent by the Governor of Malaca to the East Indies, to annoy them of Pacem, who had slain 25. Portugals, freed himself carefully of that charge. And being desirous to drink some fresh water, he sent JOHN ALMEIDE, ANTHONY PAZEGNE, ANTHONY DEVERE, and FRANCIS GAMAXE resolute soldiers in a skiff, to land near unto Pacean, to dig for fresh water. These soldiers being followed by a Portugal Surgeon, a valiant man entered into the river with their Mariners and watered. But as they returned towards their ship, behold the enemies came swarming down on either bank, who with a shower of stones and arrows thought to beat down the soldiers and to sink the boat. But the soldiers covered themselves so well with their Targetts, and the Mariners did their duties so well in rowing, as they got out of the river into the open Sea. But for that the flood cast them back having no wind, three great vessels manned with all that was necessary for the war, and which carried many Gentlemen of the Country, came to invest them. The Commander called ZUDAMEC, was of JAVA, who approached with a chief bark, which carried a hundred and fifty men. As for the portugals, they resolved to die, rather than to yield to become slaves: and after they had recommended themselves to GOD, they prepared courageously to the combat. The Barber began, and laid hold of the prow of their chief vessel with such force, as his four Companions had means to enter into it, and he had means to leap in after them. Then they fell upon their enemies with such fury as many of them troubled with fear, cast themselves over-borde. ZUDAMEC was behind his men, whom he thrust on to the combat, holding his sword in his hand, and threatening to kill him that should recoil: but seeing that his words prevailed nothing, he slew four: The rest knew not which way to turn them: for those that made head against the portugals felt the weight of their arms: and those which recoiled could expect nothing but death from their Captain. Having fought sometime they were all ●…laine or drowned, being so transported with fear, as they cast themselves headlong into the Sea, namely ZUDAMEC, who after that he had been wounded in many places, leapt into the waves. The other two vessels, seeing what had happened, durst come no nearer, although the five portugals were so tired, and wounded in so many places, as they could not stir arm nor leg. The vessel taken from ZUDAMEC was drawn near unto PACHECOS fleet, and then carried to Malaca, and there laid up and covered, to serve for a memorial of that maraculous fight. The King of Pacem amazed at this strange accident, demanded and bought a peace, which was granted him. In the same book Chap. 4.  
In the same year 1520. Captain VASQVES FERNAND CAESAR, running with a ship of war along the strait of Gibraltar was invested by six foists of Moors. They desired nothing more, than this prey, and thinking it impossible for him to escape them, they began to shout for joy, then with their Arrows, Harguebuzes and Muskets, they sought to oppress him. CAESAR played with his Artillery, to keep them from boarding him, avoiding their blows, with his rowing, and still killing some one of them: by means whereof their choler was somewhat cooled which he descovering, he ran upon three of these foists that were together, the wind having driven away the three others and kept them aloof. The enemies came also to encounter him whereupon he set fire to a great piece of ordinance, so; as the boullet passing from prow to poop of one of these three foists, broke all the owers. The Moors drew this maimed foist betwixt the two others, and repaired it as well as the time would give them leave. Then they join again and charge CAESAR, who running up and down with a brave resolution, and incorraging his soldiers with a loud voice, he did so batter these foists with his great shot, as the Assailants found a harder party than they expected, final'y a great shot carried away most of the slaves in one of the foists: so as the Moors having lost many soldiers slain with the Cannon, seeing two of their foists broken, and that the taking of CAESAR would cost them dear, they left the fight. This Captain being always of a valiant spirit, followed the foists: but for that they went with oars and he sailed, the wind being scant he could not overtake them: so as he put into the Port of Malaga, to bury such men as had been slain, and to cure the wounded. In the same Book, Chap. 2.  
TRISTAN VASQVES the VEGA, a Portugal Captain, a Debauched and dissolute man, but so courageous as never any danger did amaze him: so as many held him to be mad and desperate: seeing the Citadel of Ormus in danger to be lost for King EMANVELL, without any more question, he embarked himself in his ship of war with thirty soldiers only, and directs his course to Ormus, where he approacheth, and seeing the passage shut up, he chargeth through the enemy's fleet, and fights so valiantly with their whole power, as in despite of their Canon, Harguebuzes, wild fire, Darts and Arrows, after that he had done wondrous acts, surpassing all humane force, he passed through, and came into the Citadel. This valiant exploit did greatly amaze the enemies, and filled the besieged with great hope: the Commander of them entreated VEGA to return and to join with Captain SOUSA, who had some vessels to indomage this fleet the more easily: whereunto VEGA yielded, although he had a private quarrel with SOUSA, and that he was hurt. He therefore with as great hazard as at the first time, forced through the enemy's fleet again, advertised SOUSA of the estate of the besieged: and when it began to flow, they two with their Soldiers entered fight with them, the which continued long, and was very furious. The enemies lost ten vessels that were sunk, a great number slain, and many hurt. Of the Portugals there was but one Soldier slain, and four score hurt: but maugre all the resistance of the Ormusians'. SOUSA and VEGA arrived safe in the Port of the Citadel. In the same Book Chap. 29.  
GALEAS of Saint Severin▪ an Italian Lord, carrying arms for the King of France at the Battle of Pavia, in the year 1524. did as much as valour could perform, running among the thickest of the enemies, and doing goodly exploits of arms. In the end fight near the King, his Horse being slain under him, and he overthrown, calling unto the Lord of Langey (who fought near him, and would have succoured him) he said unto him. My Son here it is that I must die, with my Arms in my hand: trouble yourself no more for me, but go speedily and succour the King our Lord and if you escape remember me, and that I am dead in the bed of honour. P. JOVIUS, lib. 6. of the life of the Marquis of PESCARA.  
In the Battle of Varne, where as Ladi slaves King of Hungary was slain, and his Army defeated, a French Gentleman, exceeding valiant, past through all the Turkish squadrons, and charged into AMURATH'S guards, against whom he couched his Lance, and struck at him with his Cimyter. But not able (by reason of many thousands of enemies which stopped the passage) to return back, after that he had slain a great number of Turks, he was beaten down upon the heaps of them, where he died gloriously. CUSPINIAN in his Emperors. GALEAS BARDASSIN, a Sicilian Knight, being one day at the siege of Plombin, somewhat far from the Camp, to view the Town there went forth three horsemen to take him. He marched towards them in steed o●…●…lying: and gave so great a blow with the pommel of his sword unto the first that was armed, as he overthrew him from his Horse: he takes the second by both the arms, lifted him out of the saddle, and threw him down, running after the other even unto the Town gates. FULGOSIUS Book 3. Chap. 2.  
The Emperor MAXIMILIAN the first having assailed the Grisons, about the end of the year 1499. in the first encounter which was near unto Vuerdenberg, a Suisse of Glaris, called JOHN du VAL, in a strait made head against twenty men at arms, and kept them from passing, with his pike in his hand, whereof he overthrew three. The enemies amazed at the valour of this brave Suisse, promised him fair wars, and led him safe unto their Camp, from whence they sent him without ransom, with an ample testimony of his valour. STUMPHIUS in his History of Suisserland.  
In the year 1552. SOLIMAN caused MAHUMET BASSA to besiege a strong place in Transiluania called Themesuar, defended by the Earl of Losana for FERDINAND King of Hungary, afterwards Emperor. This Earl seeing a mighty army round about him, debarred of succours, and betrayed by two Spaniards which had abandoned him, to yield unto the Turks, he began to parley, and obtained a composition to depart with all his soldiers, with their lives and goods. The Bassa against his promised faith, caused all the soldiers to be slain, & cuts off the Earl's head. A Spanish Knight called ALPHONSO PEREZ de SAIAVEDRE, making way with his sword, and overthrowing them that would have stayed him, he sought to save himself through the swiftness of his horse in the nearest place of retreat, being pursued by five hundred Turkish horsemen, which could not overtake him. Being almost out of danger, he fell into a Quagmire, where both he and his horse perished. The Turks seeing him down, pursue, and cut off the head of this valiant man, the which being carried to Mahumet, and hearing that it was a Spaniard: I believe it said he, for he was valiant. ASC. CENTORIUS lib. 4. Of the war of TRANSILVANIA.  
When as the Turks besieged Belgrade in Hungary, one of their soldiers desirous to plant his ensign in an eminent place, went up into an high Tower. He was presently followed by a Hungarian or a Bohemian, who seeing that he could hardly dislodge him from thence, lays fast hold of him, and then casts himself with him from the top of the Tower, where both were slain with the fall. BONFIN, lib. 8. Decad. 3. DUBRAVIUS, lib. 29. saith, that the Christian cried out aloud to the Pope's Legate, looking down from the Tower: If I cast myself headlong with this Dog Turk, whether shall my soul go? And that the Legate having assured him that it should be carried presently into Paradise, he cast himself down with the Turk: and was the cause that the place did yet hold good. another Hungarian did the like at the siege of jayza, BONFIN, lib. 10. Decad. 3.  
They say that when as the Spaniards surprised Constance, a frontier Town of the Swisses, in the year 1548. one of the Inhabitants, seeing one of the Commanders advance, and encourage the other Spaniards to pursue their point, and that the Town was like to be lost; he suddenly went towards him, embraced him, and cast himself with him of the bridge into the River, where both were drowned. Memorials of our time.  
FULGOSIUS reports that at the first siege of Rhodes. the great Master named PETER D'AVBVSSON, a French man, took upon him to defend the most dangerous breach, being seconded by two of his Nephews and four other soldiers, who fought so valiantly with him, as although they had slain at divers charges the Soldiers that came to relieve one another, and that he had been wounded in five places, and his armour broken, yet the Turks could get no ground of him, but were forced to raise the siege. In the same Book Chap. 2.  
In the year 1501. the King of Fez being in field with mighty troops to assail Tingi a strong Town upon the coast of Barbary, held by the portugals, the Governor made a sally upon the Moors: but finding them too strong, he retired with great difficulty, into the town ditches. The fight had continued two hours before he could get thither, in the which the governors son was slain, and eight valiant Horsemen: the Governor himself being sore hurt in the face with a javelyn. The Moors follow their point press the portugals, and do all they can to enter pell-mell with them into the Town. The which the Governor seeing, he careth the Moors so furiously with a troop of Horse, as in the meantime the rest retire easily into the Town. The last was called LOUP MARTIN, a valiant man who being entered, did shut the gate but half and when as many cried unto him that he should shut and make fast the gate; I will never do that dishonour said he, unto the portugals in making the world to think that they are afraid. Adding that he was ready to fight unto the last gasp, to keep any from entering by that half gate. His words and deeds were all one: for the Moors running to enter, he maintained the first shock valiantly, until that many came to succour him, so as the Moors were forced to retire unto their Campe. OSORIUS Book 2. Chap. 12. of the History of Portugal.  
The extraordinary valour of a Suisse in the time of our Ancestors, shallbe hereunto added, with the leave of the courteous reader, as most worthy to be often remembered. The Swisses to the number of a 1800. or there-bouts (having broken the great and mighty forces brought by the Dauphin of France near unto Basil) were all slain upon the place, fight with a wonderful great force and valiant resolution, for the health of their own Country. It happened after the Battle that a Monk a Suisse, called BURCARD: who had made a voyage into France with the emperors consent, to bring in this army, going forth on Horseback, as it were to triumph for this defeat of his Countrymen, and marching with his Cask on, but his beaver was up, and his face was uncovered, that he might with more ease behold the dead bodies, among the which he marched, he began to cry out, O pleasant spectacle, what a goodly thing it is to march in this meadow bedecked with Roses: at those words a Suisse lying upon the place, and breathing more for the liberty of his country, then for his own life, being so near his death, he awakes, and rising as well as he could upon his knees, with an extraordinary vigour, and taking up a stone, he threw it with such dexterity and force at BURCARD as he hit him in the midst of the forehead, and overthrew him from his horse, where he died, receiving the reward of his cruel ingratitude and treason. STUMPHIUS in the History of Suisserland.  
In the year 1514. the Swisses going to succour MAXIMILIAN SFORZA Duke of Milan, had the guard of Novare, the which they defended with such resolution, as notwithstanding that the French made a furious battery against the walls, yet the Swisses showed to have so little fear of them, as they would never suffer the Town gate, which looked into the camp to be shut. A breach being made, they endured an assault courageously, and repulsed the Assailants. And which is more, the night following, being led by Captain MOTIN, they went (without attending the succours that came unto them) to charge the French army, marching directly to the Artillery, the which they won valiantly, being two and twenty pieces, and carried them the next day in triumph to Novare, having slain a great part of the French army, and put the rest in rout: the which we will describe more amply in the following discourse, where we will write of great battles given in divers parts of the world, since a hundred and fifty years. FR. GVICHARDIN Book 2. Chap. 14. of his History of the wars of Italy.  
The valour of the same Swisses appeared in the year. 1515. at Saint Dona in the Duchy of Milan, of whom GVICHARDIN yields this testimony. Although the Swisses did fight still with great courage and resolution, yet seeing themselves charged in front and in flank, and that the Venetian army approached to assault them behind, they despaired of victory (which they held for certain the day before) so as it growing late, they did sound a retreat, and taking their Artillery, upon their shoulders, they turned their squadrons, and holding still their accustomed discipline, they marched softly towards Milan, with such amazement to the French, as not any one of foot or horseback durst follow them. There were only two Companies of theirs, which being fled into a farm house, were burnt by the Venetian light horse men. The rest of the army returned to Milan without disorder, showing the same countenance and resolution: and some say they buried in the ground fiveteene pieces of great ordinance, which they had gotten at the first Encounter, for that they had no means to carry them away. All men say, that for a long time there had not been seen a more furious and fearful battle in Italy. TRIWLCE (an ancient Captain which had seen much) said, that this battle had been performed by Giants, not by men: and that eighteen battles in which he had been, were but combats of little children in respect of that: and some hold that without the Canon the Swisses had gotten the victory, who being entered at the first charge into the fortifications of the French, and having taken from them the most of their pieces, had always won ground. GVICHARDIN. Book 12. Chap. 13.  
About the year 1514. the French being besieged in a fort called the lantern of Genoa, beseeched King LEWIS the twelfth to succour them with vittells. A Sclavonian Captain entertained by the King, carried himself so well, as in despite of all the Galleys which stopped the passage, he entered with his galleys laden with victuells, and relieved the place in sight of all the Genevois. Thereupon EMANVEL CAVAL, a Captain at se●… (very expert among those of his time) having command of a galley with 300 young men, under ANDREW DORIA, and going from the place where he was set in guard, he began to go into the open sea, to have the more wind that he might use both his owers and sails, and then he sails directly against the slavonians galley, not fearing the Cannon which did shoot at him continually from the Lantern, he grapples with the said galley, and leaps first into it himself, then having cut the cables wherewith the galley was tied unto the fort, commanding the City of Genoa: in an instant he draws this galley after him, turning the prow of his own, and conducting it with such dexterity betwixt the shelves and the conquered galley, as maugre all lets he arrived safe, and was received with applause of all the people, and honoured with five hundred Crowns, for a testimony of his valour: the spoil of the conquered galley was divided amongst the soldiers. As for the Selavonian Captain, he cast himself into the sea, meaning to swim unto the shelves near unto the fort, where he pretended to save himself. But a young gentleman called JUSTINIAN, casting himself into the sea, followed him so swiftly as he overtook him, and laying hold of his hair, drew him to the shore. The Genevois being Masters of the Lantern (which kept them in great awe and subjection) did ruin it. P. JOVIUS Book 12. of his History.   

Vanity.  
I Did see a man some years since (whose name I have in singular recommendation) in the midst of our greatest miseries, when as neither Law, justice, nor Magistrate did Office, no more then at this instant, went and published certain idle reformations upon Apparel, Diet and Law practise. These are baits to deceive an ill governed people with: to say that they are not wholly forgotten. They are of the same sort, which busy themselves to forbid with all vehemency, talk, dancing and pla●…es, to a people abandoned to all kinds of execrable vices. MONTAIGNE Book 3. Chap 9 of his Essays.   

Vanity of the World represented in state.  
PHILIP called the good Duke of Bourgondy, in the memory of our ancestors, being at Brux●…lls with his Court and walking one night after supper through the streets, accompanied with some of his favourits▪ he found lying upon the stones a certain Artisan that was very drunk, and that slept sound. It pleased the Prince in this Artisan to make trial of the vanity of our life, whereof he had before discoursed with his familiar friends. He therefore caused this sleeper to be taken up and carried into his Palace: he commands him to be laid in one of the richest beds, a rich Nightcap to be given him, his foul shirt to be taken off, and to have an other put on him of fine Holland: when as this Drunkard had digested his Wine, and began to awake: behold there comes about his bed, Pages and Grooms of the Duke's Chamber, who draw the Curtains, make many courtesies, and being bareheaded, ask him if it please him to rise, and what apparel it would please him to put on that day. They bring him rich apparel. This new Monsieur amazed at such courtesy, and doubting whether he dreamt or waked, suffered himself to be dressed, and led out of the Chamber. There came Noblemen which saluted him with all honour, and conduct him to the Mass, where with great ceremony they give him the Book of the Gospel, and the Pixe to kiss, as they did usually unto the Duke▪ from the Mass they bring him back unto the Palace: he washes his hands, and sits down at the Table well furnished. After dinner, the great Chamberlain commands Cards, to be brought with a great sum of money. This Duke in Imagination plays with the chief of the Court. Then they carry him to walk in the Garden, and to hunt the Hare and to Hawk. They bring him back unto the Palace, where he sups in state. Candles being light, the Musicians begin to play, and the Tables taken away, the Gentlemen and Gentlewomen fell to dancing, than they played a pleasant Comedy, after which followed a Banquet, whereas they had presently store of hippocras and precious Wine, with all sorts of confitures, to this Prince of the new Impression, so as he was drunk, & fell soundly a sleep. hereupon the Duke commanded that he should be disrobed of all his rich attire. He was put into his old rags and carried into the same place, where he had been found, the night before, where he spent that night. Being awake in the morning, he began to remember what had happened before, he knew not whether it were true in deed, or a dream that had troubled his brain. But in the end, after many discourses, he concludes that all was but a dream that had happened unto him, and so entertained his wife, his Children and his neighbours, without any other apprehension. This History put me in mind of that which SENECA saith in the end of his 59 letter to LUCILIUS. No man says he, can rejoice and content himself, if he be not nobly minded, just and temperate. What then? Are the wicked deprived of all joy? they are glad as the Lions that have found their prey. Being full of wine and Luxury, having spent the night in gormandize, when as pleasures poured into this vessel of the body (being to little to contain so much) began to foam out, these miserable wretches cry with him of whom VIRGIL speaks.  

Thou knowest, how in the midst of pastimes false & vain, 
Virg. Aen. l. 6. Deiphobus.   
We cast and passed our latest night of pain▪   
The dissolute spend the night, yea the last night in false joys. O man, this stately usage of the above named ARTISAN, is like unto a dream that passeth. And his goodly day, and the years of a wicked life differ nothing, but in more and less. He slept four and twenty hours, other wicked men sometimes four and twenty thousands of hours. It is a little or a great dream: and nothing more.   

A furious Vanity.  
BERNARD SCARDEON in the 3. book of his History of Padova, reports that two Brethren of an honourable family, being one day in Summer at a certain Country house of theirs: after supper they went down to the door of their lodging, and devising of many things, they began to contemplate the shining stars, being then very many, as in a clear season. Then one of them began to say merrely, I would I had as many Oxen as I see stars. The other answered after the same manner, and I would have a Meadow as big as all the compass of Heaven, then turning to his Brother he added, where would you then feed your Oxen? In your Meadow replied the Brother: yea if I would answered the other. ay, in despite of you said he of the Oxen. In spite of me said the other. I replied his Brother. So contesting together, their I est fell to earnest, and from bitter words they fell to blows, and drawing their swords, they thrust one an▪ other through, and fell down in the place. The servants who had heard them loud in words, came running at the noise of their sword, and carried them into the house, whereas they died presently. TH. ZVINGER Book 2. of the first volume of his great Theatre of man's life.  
We have an other History of our time related by P. JUSTINIAN in the four and twenty Book of his History of Venise, no less tragical than the former. COSMO Duke of Florence, amongst other Children, had one, a cardinal, called JOHN, a Prince of great hope. Going one day a hunting with two other of his brethren. FERDINAND and GARTIA, being followed by some gentlemen, their dogs start a Hare, the which they hunt in a Champion field and take. Hereupon the Brothers fell to some debate, every one maintaining that his Dogs had first found the Hare and then taken it. From words they fell to injurious terms. The cardinal not able to endure any word of disgrace gave GARCIA a blow of the ear: who transported with choler, drew his sword, and wounded the cardinal so sore, as he died soon after. One of the cardinals Servants fell upon GARCIA, and hurt him so greeviously, as he followed his Brother within very few days after. So for a matter of little or nothing Duke COSMO lost two of his Sons in few hours. CAMERARIUS in his Historical meditations. Chap. 92.  
Some turbulent Spirits, unworthy to be named, bread a quarrel betwixt GEORG and ALBERT Marquises of Brandeberg, the which they did entertain so cunningly, as these two Princes, Cousin-germains, became open enemies one unto an other, and divided their estates, which before they had held in common, making authentical contracts. GEORGE, the more ancient, having of long time observed, that ALBERT suffered himself to be governed by men that in the end would thrust him into great troubles, took a resolution such as choler did sugiest, for hearing that ALBERT was come to Neubourg, without imparting it to any one, he writ unto him with his own hand; that seeing ALBERT did both say and do him many indignities he would not therefore make war against him, nor suffer that their poor innocent subjects who were not acquainted with such quarrels, should smart for it. That they must end this quarrel betwixt themselves. And therefore although he were much elder, he presented the Combat to Marquis Albert, wishing him (if he loved his honour) to come alone on horseback armed like a Prince and Knight, in a certain place out of the way, the which he appointed near unto a forest, whether he would come in the like equipage. There they two without any witnesses, would end all their controversies. That with his white beard he would encounter the red hair of ALBERT. He seals up his letters, calls a Page of his, a Polonian borne, commands him expressly to carry them to Marquis ALBERT, and not to deliver them to any other then to himself. The Page desirous to execute his Prince's command, provides for his departure. But as he would have gone to horseback, an other page playing with him, and handling his Pistol, shot it of unadvisedly, and slew the Polonian Page. He was searched, and the letters which he had about him carried back, by the which the Prince's intention was descovered to his counsellors: they let him understand what had happened, and the stay which it seemed GOD had sent. Whereupon he changed his opinion, and followed other expedients, pardoning the ill advised Page, who had killed the other unawares. This happened in the year 1541. CAMERARIUS. Chap. 92. of his Historical meditations.   

Worms in man's body.  
THE son of a Butcher called LAWRENCE, seven years old, being sick of Worms which tormented him, continued three days as one dead, receiving no sustenance but drink made with Grass, Water with Vinegar and Sugar. The fourth day they made him to take a potion of Aloes, Myrrh, and Saffron, which made him to void by the siege, an hundred forty and eight Worms, which done, he recovered his health. BENIVENIUS Chap. 85. Of hidden causes.  
I have known a woman above forty years old, who who was oft troubled with great pain in her stomach, withal, she had no appetite, but had a great desire to cast; having used the confection called Hierapigra, she voided about forty great Worms, DODONEUS in his Observations upon the 85. Chap. I had a sick old man in cure, being about 82. years old, and not knowing at the first sight his infirmity, coming near unto him, I found his breath to be very unsavoury, like unto young Children that are troubled with Worms. I resolved therefore to Physic him, as one that was full of such filth. Then he seemed as one dead, and the Duke of Ferrarares Steward had commanded, that they should prepare all that was necessary for the funerals of that man. I caused him to take a drink fit for that disease, in the which there was Scordium, and Sea Moss, by means whereof he discharged himself of above five hundred Worms, and was cured. This was a casual cure: for I should never have thought that a decrepit old man should have been touched with that disease. BRASAVOLE in his Comment. upon the 26. Aphorism of the 3. Book of HIPPOCRATES.  
A young Maid a Candiot, continued eight days without speaking, and her eyes open, who having voided two and forty worms, with out any excrements, was cured. ALEXANDER BENEDICTUS. In the year 1545. I did see a certain Gentlewoman, who in few days put forth a thousand worms, and in the space of four hours four hundred, some dead, some alive, after the which she was well. P. PAUL PEREDA, in the 1. Book of the cure of diseases. Chap. 5. I have seen a sick body, which at one time did void by the siege a hundred seventy and seven Worms. GABUCIN Chap. 13. in his Commentary of the Lungs.  
Doctor MANVEL BETULEIUS had a little boy four years old, called SIXTUS, the which was troubled with a great and extraordinary ●…euer, with a pain in his head, a cough, a great alteration, a shaking in his sleep, and a crying out, which made me say, that he was full of Worms. So as having made him drink a Decoction of Tanecete, three mornings together, he cast above a hundred Worms a foot long a piece, and was suddenly cured of his fever, and all other accidents, WECKER in his Observations. A young Maiden having cast a great round Worm, her Father ripped it, and found it full of other Worms. The Maid being full of this Vermin, died within few days. AMATUS a Portugal in the 5. century, Cure 46.  
A young Boy four years old, much tormented with worms, after many remedies, voided by the siege a round bladder like a Ball. The Mother opening it in the presence of others, found enclosed in it many thousands of little worms. The Child being carefully looked unto, was soon after recovered. In the 2. century. Cure. 40. I have seen a Ball full of Worms, tied one unto another, so as at the first sight you would have thought they had been but one. The same.  
It is wonderful what ERASMUS reports in a certain Oration of his, made in the praise of Physic. He saith, that he had seen an Italian, who had never been in Germany, nor seen any Book or man of that Nation, or any one that understood it, and yet he spoke the German tongue well, so as they thought he had a spirit. Having been Phisicked by a learned Physician, and by the means of a drink discharged of a great number of Worms, he was cured of his infirmity, but he neither spoke nor understood any more the German tongue. CARDAN liber 8. Chap. 43. Of the Diversity of Things.  
I have seen Children so tormented with Worms, as they suffered strange convulsions, and so violent, as they held them almost from the heel to the head. TRINCAVEL. lib. 9 Chap. 11. Of the reason of curing the affected parts of man's body JOHN BAPTISTA CAVALAIRE, a learned Physician, hath protested unto me, that he had seen Worms come out of the Navel of a Child of three year old. OMNIBONUS liber 4. Chap. 13. In the Treatise of the cure of children. Master PETER BARQVE a Surgeon of the French bands, and CLAUDE le GRANDE a Surgeon, remaining at Verdun, have assured me, that they had a woman in cure called GRASS BONNET, dwelling in the same place, who had an Impostume in her belly, out of the which there came with the matter a great number of Worms, as biggeas a man's finger, with sharp heads, the which had eat her entrails, so as for many days she voided f●…cale matter by the ulcer, and in the end was cured. Master AMB. PARH. lib. 19 Cap. 3.  
A Woman of Delft, forty years old, being gone seven months with child, fell into a Fever, with other troublesome accidents: so as in the end she had an overture in her belly, out of the which there came, namely by her Navel, a yellow and stinking matter, like to the ordinary excrements. In the end the 19 of September 1579. a Worm being a foot and a half long, came forth at her Navel. Two days after she cast forth another that was greater. Her Fever increased the first of October: so as I feared she would be delivered before her time. The third of the same month came forth a third Worm by the Navel, the which was less than the former. The 15. of October she was brought in bed of a Son, and seven days after she voided a fourth Worm at her Navel: and the 24 of October, a fi●…t as great as the first. And for that she was not carefully look●… unto by reason of her poverty and base condition, she languished some months before she could recover her health. PETER FORESTE, liber 7. Observation Chap. 35.  
Doctor HOULIER, lib. 1. Chap. 54. of inward Diseases, writes, That others have had Worms come forth of their bodies at their Navils, and at their groins. THOMAS VEGA in his Commentary upon the 5. Chapter of the 1. Book of GALEN, of affected places, saith, that he had seen two men tormented with worms, which felt them in an instant come out by the groin, having pierced the bowels, and the film which covers them. The wound was closed up for the one, but the other had it open all his life, by the which he voided his excrements. TRINCAVEL. lib. 19 Chap. 11. saith. That he had seen a child five years old, whose belly the worms had pierced, and came out at his Navel. I have seen come out of a man's body, a worm fifteen foot long, and of the breadth of a Gourd seed. ALEX. BENEDICTUS in the preface of the 21. Book of his practice. In the territory of Sienna, a certain woman having drunk the water of the Baths that are there, and continued it seven days, voided Worms of that length. They were so tied one to an other, as they were four Cubits long, and seeing them a far off, you would have said it had been but one Worm. BENIVENIUS, Chap. 87. I did cure an honest man, who did draw out by the siege a Worm almost three yards long: and afterwards although he seemed to be somewhat better, yet he was full of Worms, which sometimes procured him a wonderful appetite to eat, and otherwhiles again, it gave me a wonderful distaste. DODONEUS in his Annotations upon the 87. Chapt. I have seen such large Worms, and almost of an incredible length, at Mirandola, to the amazement of all those that were with me. MAINARD in the Epistle of the third Book. another Physician, famous among the Germans, called JAMES CORNARIUS, saith, that he had driven out of a certain man's body dwelling at Northuse, a worm that was very broad, like unto those which the greeks call Taeniae, for that they are long and large like unto bands, the which was ten Cubits long, and he thinks that it was but half a worm, the other half having been pulled from him before.  
A young child, two years and four months old, at Recine in Italy, in the year 1538. voided one of these broad Worms whole, of a prodigious length, to the sight whereof almost all the Town came running: for this Worm being many else long, was preserved alive almost a day in a Basin full of water, where it did move like a Worm creeping upon the earth. GABUCIN Chap. 13. of his Commentary of the Lungs. I have seen a Sclavonian Woman, which in coughing did cast up one of these worms, fashioned like a Serpent, the which was four Cubits long. AMATUS a Portugal. Century. 16. Cure. 74. We might produce a dozen Histories of such other Worms, which were at the least an ell long: but for that a great number of other remain to be observed, I will busy myself about the principal. A Swisses wife of the Canton of zurich, young and fertile, was sick three years together, by reason of one of these large and long worms that was grown within her Bowels, she sent me a piece to zurich, that I might see it, deliver my opinion, and ease her. This piece was above five else long, without tail or head, covered with scales like a Serpent, broad as one's little finger, and of the colour of Ashes. In the year 1571. when she died, she cast up an other of an incredible length: for it was above twenty else, the which her servants had dried in the smoke, to preserve it. During her infirmity, this Woman was conceived and delivered twice of Child. Being fasting, these Worms did gnaw her cruelly: and when she had eaten and drunk, she had some ease. This disease was accompanied and followed by other gre●…uous infirmities, as a Constipation, a Colic and the Dropsy, whereof she died. THEOD. DYNUS. Chap. 15. Of his mixtures of Physic.  
I remember that I have caused divers persons to void Worms being thirteen Cubits long. C. G●…SNER lib. 3. of his Epistles. pag. 90. A Swisses wife brought me a Worm which she had voided, rolled up of itself, as it had been a bottom of thread, as big as an Egg, the which she had voided at her mouth. It stirred yet, and being stretched out in my presence, it was found to be three else long, with scales of an Ashy colour like a Serpent. A Kinswoman of mine two and twenty years old, tormented with such Worms, fell to have an insatiable hunger, and a stopping of her monthly courses. In the end, Nature helping her, she drew forth with her hands by the lower parts, piece after piece, a Worm many else long: and then she was soon cured. I. SCHENKIUS in his Physical Observations, lib. 3. Sect. 208.  
In the year 1561. the sixteenth of February, a Vinetrimmer of Arles, did void such a large and long worm by pieces, whereof the one was twenty hand bredths long, and another eight. It was like unto thin skins, wrinkled, of the colour of Ashes and soft. After that the Patient had been discharged of such filth, he sounded, and remained without strength or pulse, but in the end he was recovered. VALERIOLA lib. 1. observe 9 The long and large, or fat Worms, lie sometimes along the Bowels, and are of a slimy substance, with the which one named LUCAS FAREL, the Archeduke MATHIAS Cook, was tormented every three months very sore, and did void such rotten filth by pieces, of six, twelve and fiveteene foot long. Thus saith CAROLOUS CLUSIUS in his Annotations upon the 3. Book of Monardus simples.  
I have seen one which came forth of a woman, and was like unto a serpent, above a fathom long. Where as we must not wonder seeing that the Ancients write that they had seen some as long as the guts, the which are seven times as long as our body, for that the Bowels of every man are of that length: the which I have seen and showed in the Physic schools at Paris, making the dissection of an Anatomy. Moreover JOHN wire a learned Physician to the Duke of Cleves, writes in his work of the Imposture of Devils, that a Countryman did cast up a worm eight foot and a half long, the which had the throat almost like unto a Duckes-bill. M. AMB. PARE. Book 19 Chap. 4.  
There is a dangerous kind of worms, breeding of a melancholic humour, which receive their norrishment of the remedies they use to kill worms. There hath been one seen in our time at ZURICH, the which was about nineteen foot long. BARTLEM●…WE CARRITCHTER in his Observations. Having given a purgation to a certain German woman that was much troubled with the worms, she cast one that was brought unto me of a prodigious length: for it was five and forty foot long. Afterwards she voided two others, which were nothing so long as the first. JAMES OETHAEAV in his Observations. I have seen a young girl of four years of age, void worms alive that were twenty else long. G. HAMBERGER professor in Physic at Tubinge, in certain questions that were disputed of in the year 1574. A young Countrie-Maide fourteen years old, being in good health, voided a worm 14. foot long. WECKERUS in his Oberseruations. another Countrywoman of the age of 35. years, being greatly troubled with worms, voided one eighteen foot long. The same Author. A certain poor Country-maide voided a worm at twice, long and large, the which was near five else long. GASPAR WOLF. in his Observations.  
I have sometimes seen sick persons void of these large worms, that were forty foot long, with such violence, as one would have thought, they would cast up their guts. These worms have no hollowness, but are compounded of a kind of white skin, thick and slimy, marked with black spots, and without motion. They are like unto points or bands, and are engendered in the Bowels of a rotten juice. FELIX PLATER in his Observations. A Padovan Barber remaining at Mantova, about Automne in the year 1556, after some fits of an Ague, did cast off these worms a finger broad, and seven cubits long, such as Doctor PLATER hath described. MAR. DONATUS Book 4. of his Admirable Histories. Chap. 26. Doctor SCHENCK and QVENTS in their observations note two Histories of the like worms, of six, seven and eight Cubits long. FERNELIUS Book 6. Chap 10. of his Pathologia, speaks of an other kind of worms, called ASCARIDES, which he sa●…es come out of the fundament, & then fasten themselves to the buttocks and thighs. And Doctor JOHN de JESSEN in his observations, affirms the same, reporting that a little child of one of the chief Councillors to the Emperor RODOIPHUS the 2. being troubled with the falling sickness, many Physicians being assembled together to consult of the causes of this violent & ordinary Infirmity, they were much troubled to resolve. IRSSEN caused it to be unswadled & visited the fundement, where he found Ascarides. Then with one common consent they applied a corsie, & the cause of the disease being taken away by little and little the Child grew to perfect health. But we must yet propound other Histories of monstrous worms, quite different from the common form: that the reader may see more and more unto what miseries we are all subject through sin: and by these relations learn to humble ourselves before our GOD and sovereign judge. A Chanoin tormented with the colic, took of the confection called HIERA PIGRA, and cast forth a worm like unto a Lizard, but greater, hairy, having four feet, the which was kept alive in a viol of glass. MONTWS' Book 4. Chap 19 In the memory of our Fathers a woman with-child at Craco●…ia in Poland, was delivered of one still borne, the which had upon the back of it a great worm of the form of a serpent, the which did g●…awe this little creature. LICOSTHENES in his Histories of Prodigies.  
A young maiden of Louvain in Brabant 15. years old, after that she had endured much, she did void both from above and beneath strange things: amongst others by the siege with the excrements a worm a foot and a half long, greater than a man's Thumb very like unto an eel: the difference was that the tail was very hairy. C. GEMMA Book 2. Chap. 2. A. BENIVENIUS 2 Physician of Florence, writes that a Carpenter called JOHN, 40. years of age, was continually troubled with a pain at his heart without any ease, BENIVENIUS having given him some potion, with a great quantity of matter which he voided, he cast up a good long worm, having a red head, round, and of the bigness of a great pease, having the body all covered with soft hair, a forked tail like a half Moon, and four feet as a Lizard. AMB. PAIR Book 19 Chap. 3.  
A Spanish Gentlewoman returning from Peru, did assure that she had been sick many years there and could find no help. In the end an Indian held for a great herbalist came to see her, & made her drink the juice of vervain well purified, by means whereof soon after she cast up a worm (which she called a snake) all hairy, a foot long besides the tail, which done she recovered her health. MONARDUS Book 3. of the simples of the new found world, in the Chap. of Verueine. ANTHONY CAPTAIN, a Physician of Mantova, hath often told me that a gentleman of that place called LAURENCE ZAFFARD, having been troubled with a melancholic ague & a loathing of meat, with a pain at his heart which made him to shriek out, he did vomit up a worm, the which lived seven hours, it was a foote-long, having horns on the head, and a 100 feet on either side, with the which he crept strangely, it was of a reddish colour and flat. MACEL DONATUS Book 4. Chap. 26. of his Histories. BONIFACE COCK of Padova had a little Son, which remained in a trance as one dead for the space of six hours. FALLOPIUS a learned Physician prescribed something unto him, with the help whereof he recovered his spirits, and one hour after voided about forty worms▪ amongst the which there was one black, hairy, with two heads a Cubit long, which lived three days. SCHENCH Book 3. Observation 21. A young girl about some nine years old, having taken the powder of worms did cast up, little Caterpillars a live. DODONEUS in his annotation upon the 58. Chapter of BENIVENIUS.  
Having an old woman that was sick of a Pleurisy in cure, she cast forth a black Snail, having black feet, long and soft horns, marked, being full of filthy matter, and two fingers long. GESNER lib. 3. of his Epistles. pag. 94. I have seen a Worm which was no longer than the breadth of four fingers, but having the back covered with a reddish hair. This Worm had tormented a certain young man, so as there was no hope of life in him: but in the end by means of a fit drink, he did vomit up the Worm, and so escaped. GABUCIN in his commentary of the Lungs, Chap. 13.  
A Tailor in Languedoc not far from Montpellier, being cured of a strange Fever, in the end he did cast up a Worm three quarters long, the which was round, thick and alive, and with it much melancholic and black matter. GASP. WOLFIN in his observations. A Suisse of the Canton of zug, a strong man, feeling commonly some thing that did prick him at the orifice of the stomach, being eased by some potions, he did cast up a great number of Worms, of two and three foot long. The same. A Maid of Briele in Holland, did vomit up a great number of Worms, and which is more, a year after she voided Snails, which her Mother did show me, assuring me that she had kept one which had lived two days. P. FORESTE, lib. 18. observat. 19 In the year 1578. THIENETE CARTIER, dwelling at Saint Maur, a widow-woman forty years old, did cast in the beginning of her fit great abundance of choleric humour, with the which she voided three Worms, the which were wolley, and like in form, colour, length, and greatness to Caterpillars, but that they were black, the which afterwards lay eight days and more without any norrishment. They were brought by the Barber of Saint Maur to monsieur MILOT Doctor and reader in the Physic schools, who then had the said CHARTIER in cure, and showed them to me & to many others. AMB. PAIR Book 24. Chap. 16.  
Let us add some Histories of worms, coming forth in divers parts of man's body, to sheweus more plainly our miserable vanity. Having a soldier in cure in Piedmont, who had been footman to monsieur de Goulaines deceased, and had been hurt with a sword upon the parietall bone, after some weeks dressing him, I did see a number of worms come from under this rotten bone, by certain holes in the rottenness, which made me use the more speed to draw out and raise the said bone, the which did shake long before: and upon the Duramater I found where nature had engendered 3. hollow places in the flesh to put in ones Thumb, full of moving and crawling worms, every one of the which was about the bigness of a points tag, having black heads. ●…MB. PAIR Book 9 Chap. 22.  
Many learned Physicians of our time, and amongst the rest. I. HOULIER in the first book of inward diseases. Chap. 1. L. JOUBERT Cap. 9▪ in his treatise of wounds in the head. MONTWS and VEGA hold that many times worms are seen in the brain of divers men, as also in other parts of the body. BALTHAZAR CONRADIN Chap. 10. Of his book of the pestilent fever in Hungary writes, that he had seen worms coming out of divers parts of bodies, touched with the said fever, and some of a good length which took their issue by the ears, the which of necessity bred in the Ventricles of the brain. And therefore the Hungarians in divers places did term this fever the worm of the brain. COR. GEMMA in the Apendix of his Cosmocritia, makes mention of a woman in the Low Countries, who being dead of a pestilent Ague, they opened her head, where there was found a great quantity of stinking matter about the substance of the brain, with an incredible number of little worms and punaises. I. HOULIER writes in his practice that he had given Physic to an Italian that was tormented with an extreme pain in his head, whereof he died. And having caused him to be opened, there was found in the substance of the brain, a beast like unto a Scorpion, the which (as HOULIER thinks) was engendered for that this Italian had continually carried and smelled of the herb called Baselisk.  
A young girl about eight years of age, being fallen into a very great trance, remained seven days without speaking, feeling or with any moving, breathing strongly, and taking no norrishment but some broth or decoction of pourpie. The Mother seeing her Daughter so violently touched in the head, gave her a suppository, which drew from her by the siege two and forty worms, wreathed together like to a bowl, whereby the Child was cured. ALEX BENEDICT Book 1. Chap. 26. of the cure of diseases.  
A little Son of mine, three years old, called JOHN CONRARD, being fallen into a very troublesome trance, and presently helped with Treacle and Vinager applied to his mouth and nostrils, being a sleep and afterwards awake, we found in the sheet wherein he was wrapped a worm which had a sharp mussel marked with red, hairy and crawling in the clothes. I. SCHENCK in his Observation Book 1. section 242.  
It happened to a young Child of three years old which was very well, this wonderful and memorable alteration which follows. As she was playing by certain women, there began suddenly to appear in the great corner of the eye within it, the head of a worm, whose body almost covered the eye. The woman being amazed, drew near, and one of them did gently draw out this worm, which was alive, and long as an ordinary point, and somewhat big, without any hurt to the string, or that the coming of it forth had any way offended the eye. AMATUS a Portugal Centur. 5. Cure. 63. I have seen come forth at a young man's ears that was tormented with a violent fever, three worms like to the kernels of Pyne-aples and somewhat bigger. VELASQVE Book 4. Chap. 30.  
FERNELIUS Book 5. Chap. 7. of his Pathologia writes of a soldier, who was so flat nozed, as he could not blow it: so as of the excrement which was retained and putrefied, there engendered two worms, which were wolley and had horns, of the bigness of half a finger, the which were the cause of his death, after that he had been mad for the space of twenty days. AMB. PAIR Book 19 Chap. 3.  
In the year 1561. the fifth of May, a young woman giving suck to her boy but six months old, stooping to tie her shoe, she voided below a little beast as big as a Caterpillar, and hideous to behold. It lived three days being fed with milk. Being dead, it was found full of choleric matter, green and venomous, especially about the head. The young woman felt no discommodity after this voiding. The Son of one named JOHN MICHELLACH dwelling at Metz did void at his fundament very hair. I did see one of thirty and three years of age, Son to N. ROCKELFINGER, who in pissing voided little worms which did crawl, like unto those that breed in rotten cheese, but they had black heads. I have seen others that had worms coming out at their ears. A certain Gentleman named CAPELLE, having been so wretched and wicked as to beat his Father, fell sick, and had worms come out at his eyes. A woman of Dusseldorp, having been very sick for a long time, in the end a certain Impostume growing upon her belly above her flank, it broke by worms which were engendered therein, out of the which there came a great number, black and reddish. R. SOLENANDER in the 5. section of his Physical councils, in the 15. Council. art. 2. 3. 4. 24.  
In burning fevers, especially in those that be contagious and pestilent, we see that diseases cast forth worms by the tail, and other beasts of horrible and strange shapes. Of late a poor woman a widow of Reinspourg, having been long tormented with a cough, a shortness of breath and a pain at her heart and head, in the end after divers remedies, she took the quintessence of Turbithe which I gave her, by means whereof after that she had been discharged of certain vicious excrements, she voided by the siege a live Lizard, and then she was cured. I do not speak of a number of frogs which PAUL FISCHER studying in the College of the abbey of Saint Esmeran did void, having been long tormented with strange pain at his stomach. But after this discharge, he was very well. MARTIN RULAND a Physician, in his opinion touching the golden tooth of the Childin Silesia.  
Sometimes there happens sharp and dangerous pains in the head, which cause a dimness of the sight, a decay of understanding, a suppression of the voice, a vomiting, and a want of natural heat throughout all the body. A friend of mine named PHILIP, was troubled with all these infirmities, so as all men expected his death the seventh day, no Physic helping him: in the end by the help of Nature, which was strong in him, he cast forth a Worm at his right nostril, the length of four or five finger's breadth, whereby he was cured. BENIVENIUS Chap. 100  
I did see one of the Signior of Venice tormented with a fever, but much more in the night then in the day, in the end he cast out at his nostrils a Grayish Worm, about four fingers long, the which had feet proportioable to the body, and being put into a Glass full of water, it did move swiftly. It came out at the nose wrapped in the snot with thick and black blood. TRINCAVEL. lib. 9 Chap. 11. A young Maiden being sick at the sign of the Lantern at Saint james Port in Paris, thrust forth at one of her nostrils a Worm that was big and large, that was four fingers long, without any Cough or Vomiting going before. This was the 9 of April 1553. Annotations upon the first Book of Master HOULIER of inward diseases. Chap. 54. I have known a certain man having an Ulcer in his nostrils, from whence did distill poisoned corruption. By my advice he dropped in the juice of Tobacco leaves. At the second time there came forth of his nostrils a great number of Worms, and afterwards less: in the end after some days the Ulcer was cured. MONARDUS in his collection of Simples beyond the Sea.  
MONTWS' in his work of growing diseases, Chap. 4. reports after VELASQVES, that there are Worms which breed under the tongue. I. SCHENCK in his Observations. liber 1. Sect. 387. Many other learned Physicians agree and maintain with AVICENNE and other Ancients, that Worms breed in the teeth, the which they draw forth with divers perfumes. ALEX. BENEDICTUS. lib. 6. Chap. 13. Of the cure of diseases. BENIWENIUS Chap. 100 DO DONEUS in his Scholiast. RONDELET in his History of Fishes, in his Chapter of Crevices. TH. de VEGA in his Comentar▪ upon the ●…. Book, Chap. 5. Of affected places of GALEN. HOULIER in his Annotations upon the fifth Book of GALEN, Of compounded Medicines.  
I have made mention elsewhere, of a young Prince, after his death, being opened, there was found a white Worm, fastened unto the heart, which had the beak pointed and hard like unto that of a Chicken. Others in their Annotations upon Mounsieur HOULIENS work of inward diseases, observe upon the 29. Chapter of the 1. Book, that some times it happens, that worms tickling not only the orifice of the stomach, but also the heart itself, death doth presently ensue. I have also spoken of a Florentine, who being dead of an Apoplexy, was opened, where there was a Worm found in the film of the heart. RONDELET speaking of the River Crevisse, in his History of Fishes, saith, That he had seen a Worm breeding in one of the breasts of an Honourable Gentlewoman. BALDWIN ROUSETUS a Physician of Holland, in the 10. Chapter of his Miscellania, reports the like of another Woman. H. MONTWS a learned Physician, doth maintain, that there are worms breed in the Veins of man's body. PLINY doth also write it, lib 26. Chap. 13. I. SCHENCK lib. 3. of his Observations, Sect. 52.  
One demanded council of a Spaniard by Letters, and help for one that was troubled with gravel, who having voided some stones, and much sand, did also put forth at his yard two little Worms, having pointed beaks, two horns upon the head, as a Snail, the back and belly was as it were covered with scales, black like a Tottoise, but under the belly, which was red. Annotations upon the 50. Chapter of the 1. Book of Master HOULIER Of inward diseases.  
I have wondered to see in mine own Urine, a great great number of Worms, short and little, like to small Lice. CARDAN in his Comment. upon the 76. Aphorism of the fourth Book of HIPPOCRATES. GILBERT GRIFEON an excellent Physician, and sometimes my Schoolmaster, hath sometimes showed me Worms in Urines as small as hairs, the which we could not see but in looking very near. RONDELET in his History of Fishes, in the Chapter of the River Crevish. I have seen in an Urine Worms as large as Gourd seeds, flat and aline. MONTWS liber 4. Chap. 19 ARGENTERIUS a most learned Physician, doth affirm, that he had seen the form of a winged Dragon coming forth with the Urine. RONDELET in his Treatise of the Knowledge of Diseases. Mounsieur DURET a Physician hath assured me, that he did void at his yard after a long and grievous sickness, a little Beast alive, very strange and wonderful to behold, which was of a reddish colour. CHARLES' Earl of Mansfield being very sore sick of a continual Fever, cast forth at his yard a Worm, of the very form of a black Pye. AMBROSE PARE. lib. 19 Chap. 3. I have seen in the Urines of divers that have been sick of the great Pox, Worms like unto Ants. LEMNIUS lib. 2. Chap. 40. Of the secret miracles of Nature. One being troubled with difficulty of making water, voided by his yard a little live Scorpion. I. SCHENCK lib. 3. of his Observations, Sect. 312. In the Bladder of some persons Worms do breed, and little Beasts like to Cockles of the Sea. ALEX. BENEDICT. lib. 2. Chap. 22. of his Anatomy.  
I attribute much credit in Physic and Surgery, to experience applied to reason. An honourable Woman did void by the neck of the Matrix, a great number of Worms called Ascarides, & soon after recovered her health. GARSIAS LOPES in his divers Lessons of Physic, Chap. 13. Visiting one FREDERIC, servant to FRANCIS BOURSAT a Lawyer, being full of pain with an Impostume that was grown at the end of his middle finger, the which being ripe, I caused to be lansht, out of the which there came presently a white Worm, wolly, having a black head, as big as those Maggots that are found in Cheeses, after the which FREDERIC was cured. MARCELLUS DONATUS lib. 4. of his History, Chap. 26.  
A certain Man having a swelling or Wen on his neck as big as an Egg, by chance being in a quarrel, he was wounded very sore in the same place, the which was found to be full of quick Lice, and the patient was cured of his hurt, of his Wen, and of his Vermie. PETER FORESTE in his Observations. Master CORNELIUS HEYDIUS a Physician at Delft hath told me, that practising in the Franche County, he had a Maid in cure, which had a crook back, who feeling a great itching on that part, he thought it was some Impostume, applying things fit to make it ripe. Being opened, there came out of it matter as clear as water, with a great abundance of Lice. The same. I have seen an Impostume in a Maiden's flank, the which being opened by the Surgeon, it was found full of Worms. FALLOPIUS in the 4. Chap. of swellings that be not Natural. Visiting the body of a Soldier of Modena, that was dead in the Hospital of the Carmelites, I found it full of Impostumes both within and without, all which were full of Worms like unto Lice. The same. A German Gentlewoman troubled with diverse diseases, among others did vomit up at diverse times, above twelve hundred little worms, not above six years since, some as long as a Man's finger, others longer: whereof we will speak more amply in another place. I. SCHENCK recites this History, in the last Section of the seventh Book of his Observations.  
It remains to speak a word of such Vermin as comes forth from betwixt the skin and the fl●…sh, a disease called Ptiriasis. Many both great and small, ancient and modern, have been strucken with it, and carried out of the world. In some they have only observed some natural indisposition, whereof the Physicians yield pertinent reasons: in others, some special visitation of God. I have before made mention of some whereunto I will add this that followeth. AMATUS a Portugal, in the 3. Century, cure. 58. saith, that he had cured one that had Ptiriasis ot the Lousy disease, with an Ointment, letting him blood, and purging him well before. He writes also, that a Portugal of Lisbon called TABORA, was so tormented with such Vermin, as two slaves of his being moors, did nothing but carry away Baskets full of this Vermin breeding in his body, and emptied them in the Sea, which was near unto the sick man's lodging. A young Painter being troubled with an itching, was advised to stand naked near unto the fire, which caused Blisters to rise on his back, out of the which there came abundance of Lice. P. FORESTE lib. 8. observe 15.  
As for those wretches whom the hand of GOD hath touched in all ages, and which have been devoured alive with Lice. I will leave the search and consideration thereof unto the Reader. I could name some advanced to great dignities according to the world, and rich, who within these five and twenty years, namely in our France, for that they were not punished by men according to their merits, have not yet escaped the just vengeance of the Almighty. Some have died without sense, others have felt some Worm in their conscience, but destitute of the true knowledge of GOD, and of themselves, have died most miserably. There is no Province in the realm, but may furnish store of examples. Such punishments do put both great and small in mind of these two verses.  

To learn to do well careful be and seem,  
And not in scorn of GOD to disesteem.    

Old Men.  
Captain LAUDONNIERE chief of three Ships well appointed, sailed in the year 1564. towards Florida, where being arrived, the Signior of Ottigny his Lieutenant was lead by a Paraousty or Lord of the Country, to his Father's lodging, one of the oldest men that was then living upon the earth. The Frenchmen respecting the age of this Floridien, began to gratify him by the common term of friend, whereat the old man did seem to rejoice much. Then they asked him of the course of his age: whereunto he made answer, showing that from him were come five generations. Moreover he showed them an other old man set right against him, the which did exceed him much in age. It was his Father, who did more resemble a carcase of bones, than a living man: for he had the sinews, the veins, the arteries, the bones, and other parts appearing so plainly above the skin, as you might number and distinguish one from an other. And he was so old, as the poor man had lost his sight, and could speak little and with very great pain. The Signior of Ottigny having seen so strange a thing, went to the young old man, entreated him to answer unto that which he had demanded touching his age. Then the old Man called a troop of Indiens: and striking twice upon his thigh, and laying his hand upon two of them, he gave him to understand by signs and tokens, that these two were his Children: then striking upon his thighs, he showed him others that were not so old, which issued from the two first, the which he continued in that manner unto the fift generation. Although this old man had a Father, and that both had white and exceeding long hair, yet it seemed by their natural constitution they might live thirty or forty years longer: and yet the youngest of them was not less than two hundred and fifty years old. History of Florida by monsieur BASANNIER a French Gentleman.   

Age grown young again.  
VELASQVES of Tarentum makes mentiion in his Filone of an Abbess that was in the Monastery of Monuiedre, the which in his time was almost a hundred years old, and as she seemed very old, nature which declined in her recovered so great force and virtue, as her monthly courses which she had lost for many years, began to come again as if she had been young: moreover all her teeth came again, her hair began to show black, and to expel the white, so as recovering her best estate, the wrinkles of her face ware away, her breasts grew fat & plompe, & in the end she grew as fair and fresh as when she was but thirty years old: so as many went to see her, as the most admirable thing which they had ever seen. She hid herself and would not be seen, being ashamed of this strange alteration, which she found in herself. And although that VELASQVES did forget to note the number of years which she lived afterwards, yet it is to be presumed that they were reasonably long: seeing that nature in the declining, had showed so goodly and extraordinary a work. A. TORQVEMADO in the first journey of his discourse.  
Being at Rome about the year 1531. it was bruited throughout all Italy, that at Tarentum there lived an old man who at the age of a hundred years was grown young again, like unto the Abbess. He had changed his skin like unto the snake, and had recovered a new, being grown so young and fresh, as those which had seen him and known him before, could then scarce believe their own eyes. Having continued above fifty years in this estate, he grew to be so old, as he seemed to be made of barks of trees. The same.  
The Admiral Don FADRIGVE, passing in his youth by a place called Rioya, he see a man that was fifty years old in his opinion, who told him that he had been footman to his grandfather. And when as the Admiral would not believe it, for that it was long since his grandfather was dead: this man said unto him that he had no reason to doubt thereof, for that he was a hundred years old: and that being old he was grown young again: so as nature was changed in him and had renewed all that which was the cause of age, the which made him to seem younger than he was. The Admiral was desirous to know the truth, and found that the was as it old man had said. The same Author.  
That above written is not impossible (adds TORQVEMADO) seeing that in our time we know a very admirable thing of a man mentioned by FERNAND LOPES of Castagneda, Historiographer to the King of Portugal, in the eight book of his Chronicle where he saith that NONNIO de CUGNE being Viceroy at the Indies in the year 1536. there was a man brought unto him as a thing worthy of admiration: for that it was averred by great proofs and sufficient testimony, that he was three hundred and forty years old. He remembered that he had seen that City wherein he dwelled unpeopled being then when he spoke one of the chief of all the East-Indies. He had grown young again fouretimes, leaving his white hair and having new teeth. When the Viceroy did see him, he had his hair and his beard black, although he had not much. And as by chance there was a Physician present, the Viceroy would have him feel this old man's pulse, the which he found as good and as strong, as a young man's in the prime of his age. This man was borne in the Realm of Bengala, and did affirm that he had at times near seven hundred wi●…es, whereof some were dead and some he had put away. The King of Portugal advertised of this wonder, did often inquire, and had yearly news by the fleet which came. He lived above three hundred and seventy years. The same Castagnede adds, that in the time of the same Viceroy, there was also found in the City of Bengala an other man, a Moor or MAHUMETAN called. XEQVEPIR, borne in a Province named XEQVE, who was three hundred years old as he said: all those which did know him did also certify it, for that they had great presumptions and testimonies. This Moor was reputed amongst them for a holy man, by reason of his austernes and abstinence. The Portugals did converse familiarly with him▪ and besides that the Histories of Portugal are faithfully collected and certified by very authentical witnesses: there were in my time both in Portugal and in Castille many witnesses which had seen these old men. The same.  
ALEX. BENEDICTUS reports in his practice that he had seen a woman called VICTORIA, who had lost all her teeth, and being grown bald other teeth came again at the age of eighteen years. AMB. PAIR Book 24. Chap. 17.  
I have heard Mistress DESBECK say, that she had known a woman seventy years old, the which in certain months for some years, had her monthly courses very orderly. In the end coming down into great abundance, she died. She reported unto me an other memorable History, that she had seen and known an honourable woman, being then a hundred and three years old, and soon after died: who being a hundred and one had her monthly courses very orderly, wherewith she felt herself wonderfully eased, and as it were restored: the which continued from the hundred and one year until her death, which was at the age of a hundred and three. The Marshals wife of Pleatenbourck a gentlewoman of the noble family of Ketlercks' in Wesphalia, having past seventy years returned to have her monthly purgations very orderly, and was as lusty as she had been long before. These orderly courses continued four years, but in the end they came in greater abundance than before: and yet she was healthful until the age of eighty four. She lived yet six years, and died in the ninety year of her age. R. SOLENANDER. Book 5. of his Physical Observations. Cons. 15. sect. 41. 42. 43.   

Strange, Fearful, and horrible Visions.  
IN the lives of DION and BRUTUS in PLUTARCH, we read of horrible apparitions which appeared unto them a little before their deaths: and we read in the Histories of Scotland, in the life of King ALEXANDER the third, a strange cause of a phantom which appeared unto him the day of his third marriage, presaging his death the same year. But omitting ancient Histories, besides those that we have represented in the first Book, we will add some in this.  
There is a Noble and ancient family at Parma, called TORTELLES, having a Castle, in the which there is a great Hall, under the Chimney whereof there doth sometimes appear an ancient Woman, seeming to be a 100 years old. This signifieth that some one of the family shall die soon after. I have heard PAULA BARBIANO a worthy Lady of that family report (supping one night together at Belioyeuse) that a young Maid of that house being sick, the old Woman appeared, which made all to think that the Maid should soon die: but the contrary happened: for the sick Maid escaped, but an other of the same family which before was in very good health died suddenly. They say this old woman whose shadow appears, was sometimes a rich Lady, who for her money was slain by her Nephews, which cut her body in pieces, and cast it into the Privies. CARDAN liber. 16. Chap. 93. of the diversity of things.  
ANTHONY 〈◊〉 (of whose despaier I have spoken elsewhere) the lastnight of his life, being laid, he imagined to see, a very tall man, whose head was shaven, his beard hanging down to the earth, his eyes sparkling, and two torches in his hands, whom ANTHONY demanded what art thou, who alone like a fury dost walk thus out of season when every one doth rest? Tell me, what seekest thou? What dost thou pretend? In saying so ANTHONY cast himself out of his bed to hide himself from this vision, and died miserably the next day. BARTHOLOMEW of Bolonia in his life.  
JAMES DONAT a rich gentleman of Venice, being in bed with his Wife, having a wax candle light in the Chamber, & two nurses sleeping by in a pallet with a little Child, he did see one open the Chamber door very softly, and an unknown man putting his head in at the door. DONAT riseth, takes his sword, causeth two great Lamps to be light, & goes with his Nurses into the hall, where he finds all shut▪ whereupon he retires back to his Chamber much amazed. The next day this little Child not full a year old, and who then was well, died. CARDAN in the same Book and Chapter.  
Two Italian Merchants, being upon the way to pass out of Piedmont into France, did encounter a man of a far higher stature than any other, who calling them unto him used this speech, return to my Brother LODOWIK and give him these letters which I send him: They being much amazed, ask, what are you? I am, said he, GALEAS SFORZA, and so vanished suddenly. They turned head towards Milan, and from thence to Vigeneve, where LODOWIK was at that time. They desire to speak with the Duke, saying that they had letters to deliver him from his Brother. The Courtiers laugh at them, and for that they were still importunate they were put in prison, and the rack was offered unto them: but they did constantly maintain their first words. Thereupon the Duke's Council was in doubt what they should do with these letters, not knowing what to answer, they were so much amazed: one of them called the Viconte GALEAS, takes these letters written in a paper folded like unto the briefs that come from Rome, the contents whereof were, LODOWIK, LODOWIK look to thyself, the Venetians, and the French will ally themselves together to ruin thee, and to overthrow thine estate: but if thou dost furnish me with three thousand Crowns, I will give order that their hearts shallbe mollefied, and that the mischief which doth threaten thee shallbe avoided, hoping to prevail if thou wilt trust me. Happiness come to thee. And beneath: the spirit of thy Brother GALEAS. Some were amazed at this strange accident, and others mocking at it: yet many advised him to consign three thousand Crowns as near as he could to GALEAS intention. But GALEAS thinking they would laugh at him if he should disburse the money, and deliver it into strangers hands, would not do any thing, but sent the Merchants every one home to their own houses. But a little while after he was cast out from his Duchy of Milan, and carried away prisoner. ARLUNO in the first section of the History of Milan.  
A certain Italian having caused a friend of his that was dead, to be honestly interred: and as he returned to Rome, being surprised by the night, he was forced to stay in an Inn upon the way; where being weary of his body and afflicted in mind he went to his bed to rest himself. Being alone and awake, he thought that his dead friend, pale and without flesh appeared unto him, as he was in his last sickness, and came near unto him, who lifting up his head to behold him, and shaking with fear, he demanded of him, what he was. The dead body answering nothing, undressed himself, goes to bed, and approached near to him that was living as he imagined. The other not knowing which way to turn him, lies close to the beddes-side, and as the dead man approached, still he thrust him back. Seeing himself thus repulsed, he frowned on him that was living, than he riseth out of the bed, and clothes himself, puts on his shoes, and goes out of the Chamber and appears no more. The living man was so affrighted with this courtesy as he had almost died. He said that when the dead man approached near unto him in the bed, he touched one of his feet the which he found so cold, as no Ice was colder in comparison thereof. ALEXANDER of Alexandria Book 2. of his Genial days. Chapter. 9  
TIRAQVELL in his Annotations upon this Chapter, puts all such visions amongst dreams. But I will neither maintain the one nor the other at this present.  
A friend of mine called GORDIAN, a man worthy of credit: hath reported unto me that going towards Arezzo with an other of his acquaintance, being strayed out of the way, they entered into a forest, where they did see nothing but snow, inaccessible places, and a fearful sollitarinesse. The Son being low, they set down upon the ground all tired. Hereupon they imagined to hear a man's voice near unto them. They approach and see under the earth there lay three Giantlike and fearful figures of men, attired in long black gowns like moorners, with long hair & beards, which did call them. As the two passengers came nearer, the three visions showed far greater than at the first, and one of them appearing naked danced and showed very dishonest motions and countenances. These two being much amazed at this spectacle; began to fly away as fast as they could, and having run over hills and dales, with much toil they came to a Countryman's Cottage, where they spent the night. In the same book and Chap. I will add that which I have of mine own knowledge, and whereof I am well assured. Being sick at Rome, and in bed, where I lay awake, there appeared unto me a vision of a fair woman, the which I did long behold, being very pensive, and not speaking a word, discoursing with myself whether I did dream or were awake. And knowing that all my sinces were in their full vigour, and that this phantom was still before me, I asked what she was. She laughing repeated the same very words as it were in mocking wise: and having long beheld me, she went her way. In the same Book and Chapter.  
A Monk called THOMAS, a man worthy of credit, and whose wisdom and judgement I have tried in many affairs, hath reported unto me for truth, confirming it with an oath, that there had passed some bitter words betwixt certain other monks and him, and after they had one injured an other in words, he went all boiling with choler from among them, and walking alone in a great Wood, he met with an ill favoured Man, and of a terrible aspect, having a black beard and a long gown, THOMAS asked him whether he went? I have lost answered he, my horse, and go to seek him in these near fields. hereupon they go together to find this beast, and come near unto a little River that was deep. The Monk begins to put off his hose to wade through: but the other doth press him to hang upon his shoulders, promising to pass him easily. THOMAS believes him, and being upon his back, he embraceth him about the neck: but casting down his eyes to see the passage, he found that his Porter had strange and monstruous feet: wherewith being much amazed, he began to call upon GOD for aid. At that voice, the enemy being confounded, cast down his burden, and grombling after a horrible manner, vanished away, with such a noise, and so extraordinary a violence, as he pulled up a great Oak that was near, and broke all the bows, ALEXANDER of Alexandria. lib. 4. Chap. 19  
The Lord of a little Town in the Principality of Sulmona in the Realm of Naples, showed himself covetous and proud in his government: so as his poor subjects could not subsist, but were strangely oppressed by him. An honest man, but very poor and contemned, did for some occasion hurt a Hound belonging to this Lord very sore: Who greatly moved for the death of his Dog, caused this poor Man to be laid hold on, and imprisoned in a hole. After some days, the guard which kept all the doors carefully shut, coming to open them according to their custom, to give him a little bread, they found not their prisoner in his hole. Having sought all places for him, and found no marks nor show of his escape, in the end they acquainted their Lord with this wonder, who at the first mocked and threatened them, but understanding the truth afterwards, he was no less amazed than the rest. Three days after this Alarm, all the doors of the prison and of the Dungeon being shut as before, the same Prisoner without the knowledge of any, was found shut up fast in the former Dungeon, having the face and countenance of a man distracted: who required them that they should lead him presently unto their Lord, to whom he had somethings of great and weighty importance to impart. Being brought before him, he told him that he was come from Hell. The occasion was, that being no longer able to endure the rigour of the prison, vanquished with despair, fearing death, and void of good counsel, he had called the Devil to his aid, that he would draw him out of that captivity. That soon after the evil spirit had appeared unto him in the Dungeon, in a hideous and terrible form, where they had made an agreement, according to the which he had been drawn and carried from thence, not without grievous torments, then cast headlong into places underground, that were wonderful hollow, as in the bottom of the earth, where he had seen the prisons of the wicked, their punishments, darkness, and horrible miseries, seats that were stinking and fearful: Kings, Princes, and great men plunged in darkness, where they burned in flaming fire, with unspeakable torments; that he had seen Popes, Cardinals and other Prelates attired in state, and other sorts of men in divers equipages, afflicted with distinct punishments in very deep gulfs, where they were tormented incessantly. Adding, that he had known there many of his acquaintance, namely one of his greatest friends, who knew him and inquired of his estate: the prisoner having told him that their Country was in the hands of a cruel Lord: he than enjoined him, that being returned, he should command this rough Master to leave his tyrannous usage: and to tell him, that if he continued, his place was marked in a certain seat thereby, which he showed unto the prisoner. And to the end (said this spirit unto the prisoner) that the Lord of whom we speak, may give credit unto thy report: bid him remember the secret counsel, and the speech we had together, when as we carried arms together in a certain war, and under Commanders that he named unto him. Then he told him in particular this secret, their accord, the words and mutual promises: the which the prisoner delivered distinctly, one after another in order, unto this Lord, who was wonderfully amazed at this message, wondering how it could be, that things committed by him alone, the which he had never discovered to any, should be decifred unto him so boldly by a poor subject of his, who did represent them, as if he had read them in a Book.  
They add, that the prisoner having inquired of the other with whom he devised in Hell, if it were possible and true, that so many Men whom he did see stately appareled, should feel any torments: the other answered, that they were burnt with continual fire, and tortured with grievous and unspeakable punishments, and that all those ornaments of Gold and Scarlate, were nothing else but burning fire so coloured.  
That being desirous to feel if it were so, he went near to touch this Scarlate; which the other persuaded him to forbear: but the heat of the fire had scorched all the palm of his hand, the which he showed as it were roasted in the embers of a great fire. The poor prisoner being set at liberty, seemed to those that came unto him at his return to his house, as a man distracted and grown dull, which doth neither hear nor see, always pensive, speaking little, and scarce answering the questions that were demanded him. His face was become so hideous, and his countenance so foul and wild after this voyage, as his Wife and Children did scarce know him: and when they knew him, there was nothing but crying and weeping, seeing him so changed. He lived but few days after his return, and could hardly settle his poor etate, he was so transported and changed. AEEXANDER of Alexandria, liber 6. Chap. 21.  
near unto Torge in Saxony, a certain Gentleman walking in the fie●…d, met wi●…h a Man which saluted him and offered him his service. He made him his Horse-keeper. The Master was not very good, but the servant was wickedness itself. One day the Master being to go forth, recommended his Horses unto his servant, especially one above the rest, which was of some price: this servant was so expert as he drew this horse up into a very high Tower. When the Master returned, his Horse (which had his head at the window) knew him, and began to neigh. The Master being amazed, demanded who had placed his Horse in so high a Stable. This good servant answered, that it was with an intent to keep him safe, that he might not be lost, and that he had carefully executed his masters commandment. They had much a do to shackle this poor beast, and to let him down with Ropes from the top of the Tower. Soon after, some whom this Gentleman had robbed, resolving to pursue him in justice, his Horse-keeper said unto him. Master save yourself, showing him a Sack, out of the which he drew many horse-shoes pulled by him from horse-feetes to stay their course in the voyage which they undertook against his Master, who in the end being taken, and put in prison, inrreated his Horse-keeper to help him. You are too fast bound there, answered the servant, I cannot free you. But the Master making great instance, in the end his servant said: I will draw you out of captivity, so as you make no sign with your hands thinking to save yourself. Which agreed upon, he takes him with his shackles and Bolttes, and carries him through the air. This miserable Master being amazed to see himself in such a strange field, began to cry out. Oh eternal GOD, whether do they carry me? Suddenly his servant (that is to say the Devil) let him fall in a Marish: then coming home to the house, lettes the Gentlewoman his Wife to understand, in what estate and where her Husband was, that they might go and deliver him.  
A rich man of Halberstad a famous Town in Germany, did usually keep a good Table, giving unto himself all the pleasures in this world he could devise, so little careful of his soul's health, as one day he presumed to power forth this blasphemy among his riotous companions, that if he might always spend his days in delights, he would desire no other life. But after some days, and beyond his expectation, he must needs die.  
After his death, there were daily seen at night in his house (which was stately built) visions which appeared, so as the servants were forced to seek an other abode. This rich man appeared with a troop of other Banketmakers, in a Hall, which in his lifetime served only to make seasts in. He was compassed in by servants which held Torches in their hands, and served at a Table that was covered with Cups and Goblets guilt, carrying many Dishes, and then taking them away. Moreover, they heard the noise of Flutes, Luthes, Virginals, and other Instruments of Music. To conclude, all worldly pomp, wherein this richeman had taken delight in his life time. GOD did suffer Satan to represent such illusions to the eyes of many, that he might root out impiety from the hearts of Epicures. IO●…▪ FINCEL. lib. 2. Of the wonders of our Time.  
In the year 1532. a German Gentleman, cruel to his subjects, commanded a certain peasant to fetch him a great Oak out of the next forest, and to bring it to his house, or else he should be cruelly entreated: the Countryman holding it impossible, goes away sighing and weeping. Being entered into the Forest, he meets a man (which was the Devil) who inquires of him the cause of his heaviness: whom the Countryman having satisfied, the other having commanded him to return, promiseth to give order the Gentle man should have an Oak quickly. The peasant was scarce returned to the Village, but his man in the Forest had cast athwart the Gentleman's door one of the greatest Oaks that he could choose, withal his bows, and branches. And which is more, this Tree became hard as Iron, so as it was impossible to cut it in pieces▪ and the Gentleman was constrained to his shame, trouble, and charge, to piece his house on the other side, and to make new doors and windows. JOB. FINCELI. lib. 2.  
There is a Village in the Duchy of Brunswick, called Gehern, two Leagues from Blommenaw. In the year 1555. a Countryman going out from that place in the morning with his Cart and Horses to fetch Wood in the Forest, he discovered at the entry thereof certain troops of Reisters' wearing black arms. Being amazed at this encounter, he returned to carry news unto the Village. The most ancient of the place accompanied with their Curate or Pastor, went presently into field, being followed by a hundred persons, as well men as women, and they number fourteen bands or distinct troops, the which in an instant put themselves into two great Battaylons', one right against an other, as it were ready to fight. Then afterwards they did see coming out of either squadron, a great man, of a fierce aspect, and very terrible to behold. These two of either side light from their Horses, seeming to make a careful and diligent review of their troops: which done, they go to Horse again. Presently the troops began to advance themselves, and to run over a great champain field, without any charge or shock: the which held and continued until it was dark night, in the view of all the Countrymen. At that present time there was no speech in all the Duchy of Brunswike, nor there abouts, of any enterprise of war, nor of any levy of Reitres: which made them to think that this vision was a prediction of the miseries which did afterwards happen by the just judgements of God. JOB. FINCEL. Book 1.  
In the year 1567. STEPHEN HUBENET remaining at Trautenaw, a Town in Bohemia, did so prosper, in gathering of riches, & in stately buildings, as every one did admire and respect him, as one of the greatest mignons of worldly felicity. In the end he fell sick, died, and was carried to his grave with great pomp. Soon after he appeared to be living again, and making much of many, he imbruced some so strongly, as some died, others were greeviously sick: all affirming that rich HUBENET had so handled them: and that he was in the same sort, as he was in his life time. The Magistrates of the place descovering that it was a devilish illusion, decreed that HUBENETS body should be taken up again. Although he had been laid five months before in the ground, yet was he not any thing touched with rotttennesse, but as fresh as before his sickness, and as bodies that are lusty and in their perfect health. The hangman d●…aged it to the galloes, where they do execute malefactors, he cut off his head, and the blood gushed out as if HUBENET had been alive, and from out of his breast he drew a bloody heart. The head beeingset betwixt his feet, was burnt with the whole dead body, in the presence of a great multitude and number of people: after which time the power of Satan ceased. The History of Bohemia.  
ANTHONY COSTILLE a Spanish Gentleman, remaining at Fontaines of Ropell, went one day from his house well mounted, for the dispatch of some affairs, some Leagues of, the which done and night approaching, he resolved to return unto his house. Going forth of the village where he had been, he found a little Hermitage and Chapel with certain lattice windows of wood, and a Lamp burning within it. Being alighted from his Horse, he did his devotion, then casting his eye into the Hermitage, he did see to his thinking, coming from under the ground three people which came towards him with their heads covered, and then to stand still. Having be held them a little, seeing their hair shine and sparkle, although he were held to be very valiant, yet he was affrayed, and going to Horseback he began to fly. But lifting up his eyes, he descovers these persons which went a little before him and seemed to accompany him. Recommending himself continually unto almighty GOD, he turned first one way then an other way, but this troop was always about him. In the end he couched a short Lance which he carried, and spurred forward to strike them: but these visions went as fast as the Horse, so as ANTHONY was forced to take them in his company, unto the gate of his lodging, where there was a great Court.  
Being alighted, he enters, and finds these fantosmes; he goes up to a Chamber door where his Wife was, who opened it at his voice: and as he entered the visions vanished away. But he seemed to be so amazed and troubled, as his Wife thought that he had been very ill used by his enemies in that voyage. Being demanded, and not able to draw any thing from him, she sent for a very friend of his, a Learned man, who came presently: and finding him as pale as a dead man, entreated him very earnestly to discover his adventure. COSTILLE having made the who discourse unto him, this friend laboured to resolve him, than made him sup, conducted him to his Chamber, left him upon his bead with a candle light on the table, and departed to leave him to his rest. He was scarce out of the Chamber, but COSTILLE began to cry out help, help, succour me. Then all his servants entered into the Chamber, to whom he said that the three visions were come to him being alone, and that having scratched up the earth with their hands, they had cast it upon his eyes, so as he did not see an●…e thing. His servants therefore did never abandon him, but he was still well accompanied: but their assistance and care could not keep him, but that he died the seventh day after, without any other infirmity. TORQVEMADO in the 3. journey of his Hexmeron.  
JOHN VELASQVES the AYOLLA & two other young Spaniards going out of their Country to study the Law at Bolognia the fat, not finding a convenient lodging to live sparingly in: they were advertised that in the same street where their Inn was, there was a house left desert and abandoned, by reason of certain visions which appeared there, the which they might have to dwell in without any rent, as long as they should please to stay in it.  
They accept of the condition, fit themselves with stuff, and pass the time merrily for a months space. At the end whereof, AYOLAS two companions going to bed early, and he late in his study, hearing a great noise as it had been of many iron chains, shaken together, he went out of his study, with his sword, and in his other hand his candlelight, than he planted himself in the midst of the Hall, without a waking his companions, expecting what should become of this noise, the which in his opinion came from beneath the stairs, answering to a great Court, right before the Hall. Being in this expectation he descovers at the stairs door a very grievous and fearful vision, of a Carcase that had nothing at all but bare bones, drawing about his feet and the middle of his body, these chains which made such a noise. This vision stayed, and AYOLA resuming courage, began to conjure it, that he should let him understand in some convenient manner what he would have. The vision began to cross his arms, to hold down his head, and to beckon him with one hand to follow him down the stairs. AYOLA answered, go before and I will follow thee: whereupon the vision begannne to go down softly, like unto one that were ●…ettered: being followed by AYOLA, whose candle went out on the midst of the stairs.  
This renewed his fear, yet incorraging himself again, he said unto the vision, thou seest that my candle is out, I will go and light it again: if thou wilt tarry for me here in this same place, I will return presently unto thee again. He ran to the hearth where the fire was, and lighted his candle, and came to the stairs, where he found the vision standing there and then he followed it. Having crossed the Court of the lodging, they enter into a great gardin, in the midst whereof was a well: the which made AYOLA think that this vision would do him some harm: and therefore he stayed. But the vision than made a sign unto him to go to another place in the Garden, and as he went thither, the vision suddenly vanished away. AYOLA being alone, began to call him, protesting that he would do any thing that was in his power, and stayed there awhile: But the vision appeared no more, and the Spaniard returned to his Chamber, and awaked his companions, who seeing him so pale, gave him a little Wine and some comfitures, enquiring of his adventure, the which he reported unto them. Soon after this accident being bruited throughout all the City, the Governor inquired carefully of the manner of it, and understanding all circumstances by the relation of AYOLA, he caused some to dig whereas the vision vanished away. There they found a carcase in Chains as AYOLA had seen it, in a deep Sepulchre, from whence being drawn and interred in an other place with others, all the noise which had been before in this great lodging ceased. The Spaniards returning into Spain, AYOLA was made a judge, and had a Son who was a Precedent in a Town of Spain, in the time of TORQVEMADO, who made this discourse in the third journey of his Hexameron. The which agrees with the relation which PLINIUS SECUNDUS makes of the Philosopher ATHENODORUS, in his Epistle to SURE. liber 7.  
THEODORE GAZA, a learned man in our time, had obtained a certain Farm in gift from the Pope. His Farmer digging on a time in a certain place, found a vessel in the which were bones. hereupon a vision appeared unto him, & commanded him to put that Vessel again into the earth, else his Son should die. And for that the Farmer made no account of it, soon after his Son was slain. Some days after the vision returned, threatening the Famer to kill his other Son, if he did not put the vessel and the bones in the place where he had found them. The Farmer bethink●…ng himself, & seeing his other Son fallen sick, reported all unto THEODORE, who going unto his farm, and in the same place where the Farmer had drawn out the vessel, he caused a pit to be made: where they did hide the vessel with the bones: the which being done, the Farmer's Son did presently recover his health. MANLIUS in his common places. LAVATER Book 1. Chap. 11 of the apparition of Spirits.  
MELANCHON in his treatise of the Soul, writes that he himself had many apparitions, and had known many credible persons, which did affirm that they had talked with spirits. In his book entitled ordinary examinations, he saith, that he had an Aunt, his Father's Sister, who being with-child after her Husband's death, being set near the fire, two men entered into her house, one of them was like unto her deceased husband, & so carried himself, the other of a very tall stature was attired like a Friar. He that was like unto her husband, came near unto the Chimney, salutes his Wife, and entreats her not to be amazed▪ saying that he was come to charge her to do some thing. hereupon he commands the Friar to retire into the Stove. And having discoursed long with his Wife, talking of Preestes and Masses, beein ready to depart, he said unto her, stretching forth his hand. Touch here: but for that she was amazed, he did assure her she should have no harm. Where-up on she touched it: and although her hand grew not impotent yet it was so petiously burnt as it was ever after black. LAVATER Book 1. Chapter 14. of the apparition of Spirits.  
PETER MAMER writes that at Constant upon Vienne there appeared above a 140. years since, in the house of one named CAPLAND, an evil spirit, saying it was the soul of a woman that was dead, the which did sigh and cry out, complaining very much, admonishing them to make many prayers, and pilgrimages, and revealing many things that were true. But some one saving unto it, if thou wilt have us believe thee say. LORD remember me according to thy great mercies. His answer was, I can not. Then the assistants laughed at him, and he fled with a noise. The like happened to NICHOLAS AUBERY of Vervin whereof 〈◊〉 BARTLEMEWE FAY a Councillor of the Parliament hath written the History, where he saith that Satan appeared unto her, praying unto her Father's grave as if he had come out of it, and said unto her that she must say many masses; and certain pilgymages, to draw him out of Purgatory, yet after all this, he did still torment this poor woman: and although in the beginning he said he was her grandfather: yet in the end he said he was Beelzebub. There is a later History, well known to the Parisiens', but not printed, the which happened in Paris, in Saint Honours' street, at the sign of the red Horse. A Weaver of Lace had taken his Niece home to him being an Orphelin. One a time the maid praying upon her Father's grave where he was buried at Saint Geruais, Satan presented himself unto her, in the shape of a tall black man: taking her by the hand and saying, my friend fear nothing, thy Father and thy Mother are well. But thou must say certain Masses, and go in pilgrimage to our Lady of Vertus, and they shall goestraight into Paradise. The maid demands of this spirit, who was so careful of man's health, what he was? He answered that he was Satan, and that she should not be amazed. The maid did what was commanded her. Which done he said she must go in pilgrimage to Saint james. She answered, I cannot go so far. After that Satan did not cease to importune her, talking famyiiarly to her being alone, and doing her work, saying these words unto her. Thou art cruel, thou wilt not put thy scissors in thy bosom for my sake: the which she did to content him and to be rid of him. But this done, he demanded some gift of her, yea, some of her hair, whereof she gave him a lock. Some days after he persuaded her to cast herself into the water, and sometimes to hang herself, putting the rope of a well about her neck: but she cried out in such sort as he did no more urge her. And yet her Uncle seeking one day to be revenged of him, was so well beaten, as he continued above fiveteene days sick in his bed. another time Satan would have forced her and known her carnally and for the resistance which she made, she was beaten until she bled. Amongst many that did see this maid, there was one called CHOININ. Secretary to the Bishop of Valence, who told her that there was no better means to drive away this evil spirit, then in answering nothing to that which he should say: although he should command to pray unto GOD, the which he never did but in balspheming, and joining him always with his Creatures in derision: Satan seeing that the maid answered him nothing, nor did any thing for him, took her and cast her against the ground, after which time she see him no more. monsieur ANNOT Bishop of Auxerra, nor the Curate where the Maiden dwelled, could not help her. I. BODIN lib. 3. Chap. 6. of his Demonomania.  
ANTHONY dela CVEVA, a Spanish Knight, for some reasons unknown to us, and by the permission of GOD, was in his life time much troubled and tempted with visions, so as through custom, he had in the end lost all fear, and yet he had ever light in his Chamber where he did lie. One night being in his bed, and reading in a Book, he heard a noise under his bed, as if it had been a Man, and not knowing what it might be, he see come forth of one side of the bed, a naked arm, as if it had been of a Moor, the which laying hold of the Candle, threw it down with the Candlestiks, and put it out. Then the Knight felt this Moor come up, and go to bed to him, having embraced one another, they began to wrestle with all their force, making such a noise, as those of the house did awake, and coming to see what it was, they found none but the Knight, who was in a great heat, and was wet, as if he had come out of a bath. He told them his adventure, and that this Moor hearing them come, had freed himself from him, and he knew not what was become of him. The same Author.   

Wonderful Visions in the air.  
IN the year 1532. near unto Inspruke, these Images were seen in the air. An Eagle upon the side of an hill, very wild, against the which came three other Images, as it were to tear it in pieces. The first was a Camel stretching forth his neck, and environed about with fire. The second was a Wolse, casting fire out at his throat, and about him a circle of fire. The third was a Lion, whose hair a man, armed at all parts, and standing up right, at the entry of the mountains, did gently handle, and it seemed that this Lion rejoiced at the man, holding forth his paw to him, in sign of salutation. GASPAR PEUCER Book 15. Chap. 5. of his Divinations. A little before the death of JOHN Elector & Duke of Saxony, there was seen in the air over Isenac these visions following, first an old dry Tree overthrown. Secondly a man on horseback which carried the tree, but all the boughs pulled of: thirdly there was seen a hound: fourth a great black Cross, in a thick Cloud: Fiftly the lightning was seen coming out of this Cloud, with so horrible and violent a crack of thunder, and so full of sparks of fire, as they thought it would have consumed a Village, over which it was likely to fall: and there was a maid so terrified, as with a violent cry to her Mother for help, she entreated that she might be covered. Although I will not enter into the exposition of this vision, yet I gather by that which hath since followed, that such Images have represented the changes which have happened in the house of Saxony together with the calamities and ruins of Churches. The same Author.  
At the same time when as the League in Germany was made, called of SCHMALCAIDE, therewere seen shining in the air Images, which did seem to foretell the issue of all that assosiation. First were seen certain horsemen, followed by peasantes that were armed with bats and levers; then there appeared a heigh Tower near unto a river and not far from that Tower, a man which digged for water, after whom came a great dragon. The two first figures vanished presently, but the two others continued, a good long time. The same Author.  
In the year 1534. the third of july after Noon, the sky being clear and bright, the Inhabitants of a little Town called Scheswitz, did see in the air Lions running from divers parts to fight; and by them a man on horseback armed, shaking of a javelin. Not far from this man lay a man's head, without a body, wearing an Imperial diadem. near unto it there was a wild boars head with his tusks, and two Dragons vomiting forth fire. Then there appeared an Image of a good big Town alone, near unto a Lake, besieged by Water and Land, and over it a Cross of the colour of blood, the which by little and little grew black. another horseman all flaming, and carrying on his head an Emperor's Crown, presented himself presently, being followed by a horse without a guide: then in the midst of a spacious plain, there appeared two Castles on fire, near unto a heigh Mountain, upon the which was a great Eagle, hiding half his body behind the Mountain, and there appeared also certain little Eagles, having white feathers and very bright, and with all a lions head Crowned, and a Cock pecking at this head, so long until it was parted from the body, and so vanished away. There were other Lions and near unto the wild Boars head, an Unicorn the which by little & little did change into the form of a Dragon: with a great number other beasts of unaccustomed forms and greatness. Moreover upon an heigh rock there appeared a fortress enuitoned with two Camps, and all the Heavens seemed to be full of Towns, Villages and castles: but all was presently consumed by fire, and all the ruins of this great circuit, seemed to be lightning, and to fall into a great pool, nothing remaining but Towers whereas the great City had appeared, upon the bank of the Lake, was seen a mighty Camel, seeming to stay therefore to drink. The same.  
In the year 1538. before the first expedition of the Landgraves' war, the Consul of the Town of Schmalcalde, a man of good worth did see in night as it were before him, these following shapes. There was an old man at a table sleeping, with his head hanging down, upon a form by, did lie a Lion. In the same Chamber were many men in long robs which seemed to consult about this Lion, the which in the end did leap from the form, as it were to fly upon them with his great paws. They joining close together oppose themselves against the Lion, and give him many stabs with a dagger, finally having compassed him in, by the means of a chair which they cast upon him, they cut of his tail: but soon after being gotten from under the Chair, he returns to his place, and leaps upon the form. As these men had beegonne again to go in and out, as it were to conspire the Lion's death, he enters into a rage and flies violently upon them, who began to cry out, and to hold open their arms to the old man that slept, who awaking very suddenly and lifting up his head, shaking his right hand he threatened the Lion, who perceiving it, retired himself, and looking sometimes upon the old man, he leapt upon the form, where he was transformed to JESUS CHRIST standing upright and preaching, before whom these men falling prostrate, as it were to demand pardon, and having obtained it, all these Images vanished. The same.  
In the year 1545. the day after Whitsunday, there were seen in Silesia these shapes. A Bear came from the East, leading an Army in good order: against whom marched a Lion from the West with other troops. Betwixt the two Armies did shine a very bright star. Presently they began a fierce charge, so as it seemed the blood did gush from those bodies that were wounded, and that many fell down dead upon the place. During this Combat, an Eagle parting from a certain high Rock, did hover over the Lion's troops. After a long fight, and when as it seemed to be ended, the Lion appeared again, shining in the midst of his bands: but they could not discern the Bear, the body of his Army being broken and dispersed: about the which there were many old men, with white beards, and reverent countenauces. The fight being ended, the Lion led back his Army towards the West, and being advanced a good way, one mounted upon a brave White Horse, lest the Army, and came to the place of Battle, mounting upon this Horse a young man that was all armed, who was standing upright, and having accompanied him towards the East, all these figures vanished. The same.  
In the year 1549. some of the best Citizens of Brunswike, traveling by night about some necessary business, they did see the Moon environed with a very bright Circle, and near unto it two other Moons. This Circle went four times about it: and near the two other Moons, there appeared a Lion all on fire: an Eagle which pierced her breast: then the figure of the most famous Prince JOHN FREDERICK Duke of Saxony: and another figure of the Creation of EVE, drawn out of ADAM'S side: them GOD sitting, and at his knees ADAM and EVE, whom he entreated lovingly, as the Father doth oftentimes his Children. After that there appeared a horrible sight of Towns all on fire, about the which there was a Camel, the figure of JESUS CHRIST hanging upon the Cross, and about it his Apostles. The last figure was most fearful of them all. There was a man standing upright, of a cruel aspect, holding in his hand a naked sword, with the which he made show to strike a young Maiden that was kneeling before him, and who with tears in her eyes entreated him to spare her. Other shapes were seen in some other places. The same.  
Here-unto Doctor PEUCER adds that which followeth. Although it hath been ever demanded, by what virtue such figures were fashioned in the air, seeing that the regions of the air are never without exhalations: whether these exhalations by encounter, or being scattered, after some distance, come to join together, and to cause those figures, so as the light of heaven giving them a colour, some are white, others red and fiery, according to the quality of vapours: or else, whether the natural intelligences, which foresee things to come, do cause these figures, either by the help of vapours and exhalations, or of some apparent brightness. For my part, I think that most of these figures and sights are made and framed by the LORD GOD himself, or by his holy Angels, who for the love of mankind, whom they see beloved of GOD, set before our eyes by the means of these forms, a plain representation and continuance of events: not that we should foresee that which we cannot avoid: but being admonished by such advertisements, we should think of our sins: sound the depth of dangers, and remember in our hearts the admonitions and consolations which are propounded unto us in the holy Scriptures; so as in the midst of the darts which are cast against us, when as there is no hope but of utter confusion, without rising, we may prostrate ourselves humbly at his feet, and never cease with clean hands and pure conscienses, to pray and entreat him, that not respecting the merits of the world's iniquities, he will receive us into his protection, maintain and defend us from the violence of the enemies of our salvation, and turn away all the miseries that hang over our heads. It is also likely, that sometimes the Devils are busied about such works. But to conclude, the wandering and inconstant encounter of exhalations, cannot make such goodly signs and forms, so well ordered, and of things subject to the providence of GOD, if we will not foolishly and wickedly maintain with Epicures, that the world consists and is managed and governed by hazard and fortune.   
The end of the first Volume.