London's Ius Honorarium. Expressed in sundry Triumphs, Pagiants, and shows: At the Initiation or Entrance of the Right Honourable George Whitmore, into the Mayoralty of the famous and far renowned City of London. All the charge and expense of the laborious projects, and objects both by Water and Land, being the sole undertaking of the Right Worshipful, the society of the Habburdashers. Redeunt spectacula. Printed at London by NICHOLS OKES. 1631. ❧ To the Right Honourable, George Whitmore, Lord Maior of this renowned Metropolis. London. Right Honourable, IT was the speech of a Learned and grave Philosopher the Tutor and counselor to the Emperor Gratianus, Pulerius multo parari, quam creari nobilem. More fair and famous it is to be made, then to be borne Noble, For that Honour is to be most Honoured, which is purchased by merit, not crept into by descent; For you; whose goodness, hath made you thus great. I make my affectionate presentment of this annual Celebration, concerning which: (without flattery be it spoken) there is nothing so much as mentioned (much less enforced) in this your Ius honorarium, which rather cometh not short, than any way exceedeth the hope and expectation which is now upon you▪ and therefore worthily was your so free Election, (without either emulation, or competitorship conferred upon you▪ since of you it may be undeniably spoken: that none ever in your place was more sufficient or able, any cause whatsoever shall be brought before you, more truly to discern; being apprehended more advisedly to dispose, being digested, more maturely to dispatch. After this short tender of my service unto you, I humbly take my leave, with this sentence borrowed from Seneca Decet timeri Magistratum, at plus diligi. Your Lordships in all observance, Thomas Heywood. ❧ To the Right Worshipful Samuel Cranmer, and Henry Prat, the two Sheriffs of the Honourable City of London, Lately Elected. Right Worshipful, THe chief Magistrates next unto the Lord Maior are the two sheriff's, the name Sheriff implieth as much as the Reeve and Governor of a Shears, for Reene: is Grave Count or Earl (for so saith Master Verstigan:) and these, were of like authority with the Censors, who were reputed in the prime and best rank amongst the Magistrates of Rome? They were so called a Cessendo, of ceasing, for they set a rate upon every man's estate: registering their names, and placing them in a fit century: A second part of their Office consisted in the reforming of manners, as having power to inquire into every man's life and carriage. The Emblem of which Authority was their Tirgula censoria borne before them: they are (by others) resembled to the Tribunes of the people, and these are called Sacro Sancti, whose persons might not be 〈◊〉, nor their names any way scandalised, for whosoever was proved to be a delinquent in either, was held to be Homo sacer; an excommunicated person, and he that slew him was not liable unto any judgement: their Houses stand open continually, not only for Hospitality, but for a Sanctuary to all such as were distressed: neither was it lawful for them to be absent from the College one whole day together, during their Year. Thus you see how near the Dignities of this City, come near to these in Rome, when it was most slourishing. The first Sheriffs that bore the name and office in this City, were Peter Duke, and Thomas Neale, Anno 1209. The novissimi, now in present Samuel Cranmer and Henry Prat. Anno 1631. To whom I direct this short Remembrance. Your Worships ever Attendant, Thomas Heywood. LONDON'S Ius Honorarium. WHen Rome was erected: at the first establishing of a common weal, Romulus the founder of it, instituted a prime officer to govern the City, who was called praefectus vrbis, i. the praefect of the City, whose unconroulable authority, had power, not only to examine, but to determie, all causes & controversies, & to sit upon, and censure all delinquents, whether their offences were capital or criminal: Intra centesfimum lapidem, within an hundred miles of the City, in process of time the Tarquins being expelled, & the prime soveraignry remaining in the consuls. They (by reason of their foreign employments) having no leisure to administer justice at home, created two chief officers, the one they called praetor urbanus, or Maior, the other per egrinus: The first had his jurisdiction, in and over the City, the other exercised his authority merely upon strangers. The name Praetor is derived from Preessondo or Praeeundo, from priority of place, which as a learned Roman Author writs, had absolute power over all public and private affairs, to make new Laws, and abolish old, without control, or contradiction: His authority growing to that height, that whatsoever he decreed or censured in public, was called Ius Honorarium, the first on whom this dignity was conferred in Rome, was spur: furious Camillus, the son of Marcus: And the first Praeter or Lord Maior appointed to the Government of the Honourable City of London, was Henry Fitz Allwin, advanced to that Dignity, by King john, Anno. 1210. so much for the Honour and Antiquity of the name and place, I proceed to the shows. Upon the water. Are two craggy Rocks, placed directly opposite, of that distance that the Barges may pass betwixt them: these are full of monsters, as Serpents, Snakes, Dragons, &c. some spitting Fire, others vomiting water, in the bases thereof, nothing to be seen, but the sad relics of shipwreck in broken Barks and split Vessels, &c. The one is called Silla, the other Charybdis, which is situate directly against Messana; Scylla against Rhegium: and what soever ship that passeth these Seas, if it keep not the middle Channel, it is either wracked upon the one, or devoured by the other; Medio cutissimus ibit. Upon these Rocks are placed the Sirens, excellent both in voice and Instrument: They are three in number, Telsipio, Jligi, Aglaosi: or as others will have them called, Parthenope, skilful in music; Leucosia, upon the wind Instrument; Ligni, upon the Harp. The moral intended by the Poets, that whosoever shall lend an attentive ear to their music, is in great danger to perish; but he that can warily avoid it by stopping his ears against their enchantment, shall not only secure themselves, but be their ruin: This was made good in Ulysses the speaker, who by his wisdom and policy not only preserved himself and his people, but was the cause that they from the rocks cast themselves headlong into the Sea. In him is personated a wise and discreet Magistrate. Ulysses his speech. BEhold great Magistrate, on either hand Sands, Shelves, and Syrteses, and upon them stand Two dangerous rocks, your safety to engage, Boasting of nought save shipwreck spoil and strage. This Sylla, that Charybdis, (dangerous both) Placed in the way you row to take your oath. Yet though a thousand monsters yawn and gape To ingurdge and swallow you, there's way to scape; Ulysses by his wisdom found it, steer You by his Compass, and the way lies clear, Will you know how? look upward then; and sail By the sign Libra, that Celestial scale, In which (some write) the Sun at his creation First shone; and is to these times a relation Of Divine Justice: It in justice shined, Do you so (Lord) and be like it divind. Keep the even Channel, and be neither swayde, To the right hand nor left, and so evade Malicious envy (never out of action,) Smooth visadgd flattery, and black mouthed detraction, Sedition, whisper, murmuring, private hate, All ambushing, the godlike Magistrate. About these rocks and quick sands Siren's haunt, One sings connivance, th'other would enchant With partial sentence; and a third ascribes, In pleasing tunes, aright to gifts and bribes; Sweetening the ear, and every other sense, That place, and office, may with these dispense. But though their tones be sweet, and shrill their notes, They come from foul breasts, and inpostumed throats, Sea monsters they be styled, but much (nay more, 'Tis to be doubted,) they frequent the shore. Yet like Ulysses, do but stop your ear To their enchantments, with an heart sincere; They failing to endanger your estate, Will from the rocks themselves precipitate. Proceed then in your blessed Inauguration, And celebrate this Annual Ovation; Whilst you nor this way, nor to that way lean, But shun th' extremes, to keep the golden means. This glorious City, Europa's chiefest minion, Most happy in so great a King's dominion: Into whose charge this day doth you invest, Shall her in you, and you in her make blessed. THe first show by Land, (presented in Paul's The first show by land. Church yard, is a green and pleasant Hill, adorned with all the Flowers of the spring, upon which is erected a fair and flourishing tree, furnished with variety of fair and pleasant fruit, under which tree, and in the most eminent place of the Hill, sitteth a woman of beautiful aspect, apparelled like Summer: Her motto, Civitas bene Gubernata, i. a City well governed. Her Attendants (or rather Associates) are three Damsels habited according to their quality, and representing the three Theological virtues, Faith, Hope, and Charity: Amongst the leaves and fruits of this Tree, are inscerted divers labels with several sentences expressing the causes which make Cities to flourish and prosper: As, The fear of God, Religious zeal, a Wise Magistrate, Obedience to rulers, Unity, Plain and faithful dealing, with others of the like nature. At the foot of the Hill sitteth old Time, and by him his daughter Truth, with this inscription; Veritas est Temporis Filia, i. Truth is the Daughter of Time: which Time speaketh as followeth. IF Time (some say) have here been oft in view, ●mes speech Yet not the same, old Time is each day new, non nova sunt ●mper, & quod fuit And relictum est fit que quod ●aud 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉 c. Who doth the future locked up hours enlarge, To welcome you to this great City's charge. Time, who hath brought you hither (grave and great) To inaugure you, in your Praetorium seat: Thus much with grief doth of himself profess Nothing's more precious, and esteemed less. Yet you have made great use of me, to aspire This eminence, by desert, when in full choir Avees and Acclamations, with loud voice, Meet you on all sides, and with Time rejoice. This Hill, that Nymph apparelled like the Spring, These Graces that attend her, (every thing) As fruitful trees, green plants, flowers of choice smell, All Emblems of a City governed well; Which must be now your charge. The Labels here Mixed with the leaves will show what fruit they bear: The fear of God, a Magistrate discreet, justice, and Equity: when with these meet, Obedience unto Rulers, Unity, Plain and just dealing, Zeal, and Industry: In such blessed symptoms where these shall agree, Cities, shall like perpetual Summers be. You are now General, do but bravely lead, And (doubtless) all will march, as you shall tread: You are the Captain, do but bravely stand To oppose vice, see, all this goodly band Now in their City Liveries will apply Themselves to follow, where your Colours fly. You are the chief, defend my daughter Truth, And then both Health and Poverty, Age and Youth, Will follow this your Standard, to oppose Error, Sedition, Hate, (the common foes.) But pardon Time (grave Lord) who speaks to thee; As well what thou now art, as aught to be. Then Time maketh a pause, and taking up a leavelesse & withered branch, thus proceedeth. See you this withered branch, by Time o'er grown A City's Symbol, ruined, and trod down. A Tree that bore bad fruit; Dissimulation, Pride, Malice, Envy, Atheism, Supplantation, Ill Government, Prophannes, Fraud, Oppression, Neglect of virtue, Freedom to transgression, Obedience, here with power did disagree, All which fair London be still far from thee. The second show by Land, is presented in The second show by land. the upper part of Cheapside, which is a Chariot; The two beasts that are placed before it, are a Lion passant, and a white Unicorn in the same posture, on whose backs are seated two Ladies, the one representing Justice upon the Lion, the other Mercy upon the Unicorn. The motto which Justice beareth, is Rebels' protero; the inscription which Mercy carrieth, is Jmbelles protego: Herein is intimated, that by these types and symbols of Honour (represented in these noble beasts belonging io his Majesty) all other inferior magistracies and governments either in Common weals, or private Societies, receive both being and supportance. The prime Lady seated in the first and most eminent place of the Chariot, representeth London, behind whom, and on either side, divers others of the chief Cities of the Kingdom take place: As Westminster, York, Bristol, Oxford, Lincoln, Exeter, &c. All these are to be distinguished by their several Escutchons; to them London being Speaker, directeth the first part of her speech as followeth. You noble Cities of this generous Isle, London the speaker. May these my two each Ladies ever smile. (Justice, and mercy) on you. You we know Are come to grace this our triumphant show. And of your courtesy, the hand to kiss Of London, this fair lands Metropolis. Why sister Cities sit you thus amazed? If to behold above you, windows glazed With Diomonds'sted of glass? Stars hither sent, This day to deck our lower Firmament? Is it to see my numerous Children round Encompass me? So that no place is found. In all my large streets empty? My issue spread In number more than stones whereon they tread. To see my Temples, Houses, even all places. With people covered, as If, Tiled with faces? Will you know whence proceeds this fair increase, This joy? the fruits of a continued peace, The way to thrive; to prosper in each calling, The weak, and shrinking states, to keep from falling, Behold; my motto shall all this display, Serve and obey: the Motto of the Worshp. Company of the Habberd. Read and observe it well: Serve and obey. Obedience though it humbly doth begin, It soon augments unto a Magazine Of plenty, in all Citties'tis the ground, And doth like harmony in music sound: Nations and Common weals, by it alone Flourish: It incorporates, many into one, And makes unanimous peace content and joy, Which pride, doth still Insidiate to destrsy. And you grave Lord, on whom right honour calls, Both borne and bredi'th circuit of my walls, By virtue and example, have made plain, How others may like eminence attain. Persist in this blessed concord, may we long, That Cities to this City may still throng, To view my annual triumphs, and so grace, Those honoured Praetors that supply this place. Next after the Chariot, are borne the two rocks, Sylla and Charybdis, which before were presented upon the water: upon the top of the one stands a Sea Lion upon the other a Mermaid or Sea-Nimphe, the Sirens and Monsters, being in continual agitation and motion, some breathing fire, others spouting water, I shall not need to spend much time in the Description of them, the wroke being sufficiently able to Commend itself. The third show by Land Presented near unto the great Cross in Cheapside, beareth the title of the Palace of Honour: A fair and Curious structure arched and Tarrest above, on the Top of which standeth Honour, a Glorious presence, and richly habited, she in her speech directed to the right Honourable: the Lord Maior, discovers all the true and direct ways to attain unto her as, first: A King: Either by succession or Election. A Soldier, by valour and martial Discipline A Churchman by Learning and degrees in schools A Statesman by Travel and Language &c. A Lord Maior by Commerce and Traffic both By Sea and Land, by the Enriching of the Kingdom, and Honour of our Nation. The Palace of Honour is thus governed Industry Controller, his Word Negotior Charity Steward, the Word Miserior. Liberality Treasurer, the Word Largior, Innocence and Devotion Henchmen the words. Patior: Precor. And so of the rest, and according to this Palace of Honour is facioned not only the management of the whole City in general: but the House and Family of the Lord Maior in particular. Before in the Front of this palace is seated Saint Katherine, the Lady and Patroness of this Worshipful Society of whom I will give you this short Character, the name itself imports in the Original. Omnis ruina, which (as some interpret it) is as much as to say, the fall and ruin of all the works of the Devil: Others derive the word from Catena, a Chain wherein all chief Virtues and Graces are concatinated and linked together, so much for her name. For her birth, she was lineally descended from the Roman Emperors, the daughter of Costus the son of Constantine which Costns was Crowned King of Armenia, for Constantine having conquered that Kingdom, grew Enamoured of the King's Daughter by whom he had Issue, this Costus who after succeeded his Grand Father. Constantine after the death of his first Wife made an expedition from Room, and having Conquered this Kingdom of Great Britain: he took to his Second Wife Helena, which Helena was she that found the Cross upon which the Saviour of the World was Crucified, &c. Costus Dying whilst Katherine was yet young, and she being all that Time huing in Famogosta, (a chief City) because she was there Proclaimed and Crowned was called Queen of Famogosta, she lived and died a Virgin and a Martyr under the Tyranny of Maxentius, whose Empress, with many other great & eminent persons she had before converted to the Faith. So much for her character Her speech to the Lord Maior as followeth. I Katherine, long since Sainted for true piety, The Lady patroness of this Society, A queen, a Virgin, and a Martyr: All My Atributes: Invite you to this Hall Called Honours palace: nor is this my Wheel, Blind Fortune's Emblem, she that makes to reel; Kingdoms and Common weals, all turning round, Some to advance, and others to Confound: Mine is the Wheel of Faith, (all ways in motion) Steadfast in Hope, and Constant in Devotion. It Imitates the Spheres swift agitation, Orbicularly, still moving to Salvation: That's to the Primus motor: from whom Flows, All Goodness, Virtue: There; true Honour grows, Which: If you will attain 't must be your care. (Crime Magistrate.) Instated as you are. To keep thou Curoular action, in your charge, To Curb the opressor, the oppressed to enlarge; To be the Widow's Husband, th' Orphant's Father, The blindman's oye, the lune man's foot: so gather (A treasure beyond value, by your place; More than Earth's Honour,) true Celestial grace, Aim first at that: what other Honours be, Honour Herself can best Instruct thats she. At that word she pointeth upward to a Glorious presence which personates Honour in the top of the palace, who thus secondeth Saint Katherine's Speech. Honour's Speech. The way to me though not debarred, Yet it is dificult and hard. If Kings Arrive to my profection 'tis by Succession, or Election When Fortitude doth Action grace, The Soldier then with me takes place When Stooddy, Knowledge and degree Makes Scholars Eminent here with me; They are listed with the Honoured: and The Travilar, when many a land He hath ' pierced for language, and much knows A great respected slatesman grows. So you and such as you (Grave Lord) Who wear this Scarlet, use that Sword Collar, and Cap of Maintenance. These are no things, that come by chance Or got by sleeping but averse From these I am pained: by care, Commerce, The hazarding of Goods, and men To Pirates Rocks, shelves, Tempest, when? You through a Wilderness of Seas, Dangers of wrack, Surprise, Disease Make new descoveryes, for a lasting story Of this our Kingdom's fame and Nations glory Thus is that Collar, and your Scarlet worn, And for such cause, the Sword before you Borne. They are the emblems of your Power, and here Though curbed within the Limmet of one year, Yet manage as they ought by your Endeavour Shall make your name (as new) Honoured for ever Unto which Palace of peace, rest and bliss, Supply of all things, where nought wanting is Would these that shall succeed you know the way? 'tis plain, God, the King Serve and Obey. I cannot here forget that in the presentment of my papers to the Master, Wardens, & Committees of this Right Worshipful Company of the Haberdashers (at whose sole expense and charges all the public Triumphs of this day's Solemnity both by water and land, were Celebrated) nothing here devised or expressed was any way foreign unto them, but of all these my conceptions, they were as able to judge, as ready to Hear, and to direct as well as to Censure; neither was there avy difficulty which needed a comment, but as soon known as shown, and apprehended as read: which makes me now confident of the best rank of the Citizen's: That as to the Honour and strength both of the City and Kingdom in general, they excercise Arms in public, so to the benefit of their judgements, and enriching of their knowledge, they neglect not the study of arts, and practise of literature in private, so that of them it may be truly said they are, Tam Mercurio quam Marte periti: I proceed now to the last Speech at night in which Ulysses at the taking leave of his Lordship at his Gate, useth this short Commemoration, of all that hath been included in the former pageants, pointing to them in order, the manner thereof thus. Night grows, Inviting you to rest, prepare To rise to morrrw to a whole Years care, Envy still waits on Honour, then provide Ulysses Wisdom may be still your guide To steer you through all dangers: Husband Time That this day brings you to a place sublime, By the Supporture of his daughter Truth This Ancient City in her pristine Youth, Your sword may re-establish: and so bring Her still to flourish; like that lasting Spring That London in whose Circuit you were bred And borne therein, to be the Chief and Head Drawn by these two beasts in an Equal line May in your Mercy and your justice shine, So Honour who this day did you Invite Unto Her palace bids you thus Good Night, No following day but add to your Renown And this your Charge with numerous Blessings crown. I have forborn to spend much paper in need less and Inpertinent deciphering the work, or explaining the habits of the persons, as being freely exposed to the public view of all the Spectators. The main show, being performed by the most excellent in that kind, Miaster Gerard Christmas hath expressed hia Modals to be exquisite (as having spared neither Cost nor care, either in the Figures or ornaments. I shall not need to point unto them to say, this is a Lion, and that an Unicorn, &c. For of this Artist, I may boldly and freely thus much speak, though many about the town may envy their work, yet with all their endeavour they shall not be able to compare with their worth. I Conclude with Plautus' insticho: Nam curiosus est 〈◊〉 non ●it malevolus. FINIS.