HONI SOIT Y QVI MAL Y PENSE CONCORDANCY OF YEARS: Containing a new, easy, and most exact Computation of Time, according to the English Account. Also the use of the English and Roman Calendar, with brief Notes, Rules, and Tables, as well Mathematical and legal, as vulgar, for each principle 〈…〉 Newly composed and dige●●… 〈…〉 The Contents follow after the Epistles. Printed for the Company of Stationers. 1612. Cum privilegio. TO THE RIGHT HONOURABLE, SIR EDWARD COKE KNIGHT, LORD Chief justice of the Common Plea's, all health and happiness in this world, and in the world to come. RIGHT HONOURABLE, HAVING spent some time in my Art of Geodetia, & Books of other matter, dedicated to the right honourable, the Lord Treasurer, and other times in my topographical Glass, to the right honourable, the Lord Chancellor: After (as induced by complaint of some) I observed the inconveniences that happened to the vulgar wits, and mean capacities in the calculation of the expiration of time, by such Rules and Computations as be now extant, occasioned chief thereunto by the partcipation of every one regnal year, with two Ecclesian years, because the year of any Prince his reign (as yet) began in one year of our Lord, taking part of the same, ending in the next, & participating likewise thereof; by which means, when a question is made by the regnal year only, the common doubt is to which year of our Lord it answers unto: or a question being made by the year of our Lord, without mention of the regnal year, to know if it answer to the year of the King that did take beginning or ending in the Eclesian year. All these, & many other doubts (which to your Wisdom are trifles) unworthy the regard of such an ennobled spirit: yet to such, whose understanding lives in a lower Region, amongst the mists and clouds of ignorance: to these, and the common sort, may this book bring benefit; for whose sake I have drawn new Tables and methods, which will be much available to them, for whose sakes also I have calculated perpetual Tables of the Terms and their Returns, guiding the same with a Decemnovenall circle, as the Paschall Tables be. And lastly, have made a Prognostication, exact, and ad minutum for 19 years, being referred to the Meridian of London, and is perpetually more true than any ever yet extant, with other Astronomical Rules, and new Tables, general and necessary. It resteth then, that as your Lordship is Lex loquens, out of whose mouth like Oracles proceed to posterities, that as you are a Lycurgus in prescribing Laws for the Commonwealth, so you will be a Maecenas in protecting literature for their necessary use: That as you are a Cato in counseling for the good of all; so you will be a Hercules in defending that which is for the gain of all. Upon presumption whereof, I am bold to crave your noble patronage of this little book, intended for the common good: and if time and health (to the pleasure of God) permit opportunity, I will hereafter present you with a work better beseeming your reading. In the mean time let me not be troublesome. Although your Lordship's mind be continually busied in matters of State; yet sometimes let your eyes view trifles. We read of a noble Roman that could both write, read, and answer petitions at once; which though he were an admired Phoenix for his time, yet such that daily observe you upon your Tribunal seat, reading Laws to some, pronouncing judgement to others, and hearing the complaints of all, have beheld you with like admiration: insomuch that as we may wonder at the rareness of your gifts, so are we to pray for your Lordship's continuance in the place. But lest I prove troublesome, I end, ever praying for your Honour's prosperity, resting, Your Honours ever devoted, ARTHUR HOPTON To the Reader. FRIENDLY Reader, oftentimes noting how much the Shepherds Calendar, the Perpetual Prognostication, and the Computation be required, and how false their Astronomical Rules and Tables be, for the true place of the Moon, for her Conjunctions and Oppositions, with other things of like consequence, I thought it fit (especially being entreated thereunto by a friend I well esteemed) to draw a book that might pass under some of the former (or such like) name, that should salve and correct those uncertain Tables (blots to the Art, and blemishes of the truth) and also wholly to reject any of their methods, drawing forth a work that might instruct the ignorant in the truth, without intricate observations, and satisfy the unlgar without difficult calculations; and therefore have set down such Tables, such Documents, and such Notations, that are easy to be understood, necessary to be known, and aptly should agree with the volume. As for the Concordancy of Years, I know certainly, that when you understand the true use thereof you will confess, that it is far more easy, more true, and more profitable, than any book yet extant of like purpose● happily the newness of the method may seem strange to the unlearned at first, but a little practise will soon persuade them the contrary. The wants of the old Computation be a little remembered in my Concordancy, not as if the Author thereof wanted understanding in that point, for I suppose him right sufficient; but in that facilius est addere, quàm nowm componere: Yet I have borrowed nothing, but what is common to all: If any thing be wanting, I wish you my further pains to supply it, and would have wrote more, had I not feared to tyre you with an overgreat volume: But as it is, I hope it will be offensive to none, since it is made for the good of all. And so commending this work to them whose occasions tend that way, I end, resting Yours to use, ARTHUR HOPTON. A brief and necessary Table of the Chapters contained in this Book. OF the distinction of Creatures, and their respondency to the world, Chap. 1. Of the definition of the world, Chap. 2. Of the division of the world Chap. 3. Of the Elemental parts of the world, Chap. 4. Of the ethereal or celestial parts of the world, Chap. 5. Of the first movable, Ch. 6. Of the Crystalline Heaven. Chap. 7. Of the starry heaven, Cham 8. Of the course, colour, magnitude and distance of the 7 planets, and the thickness of their spheres, Chap. 9 Of the magnitude of the Sun & Moon, & the rest of the Planets, with their diameters and distances from the Earth in miles, according to Tycho Brahe, and of the magnitude of the fixed stars, with other secrets concerning them, Chap. 10. Of the six great circles in Heaven, & the 12. Signs, Chap. 11. Of the four lesser circles in Heaven, Chap. 12 Of Time. Chap. 13 Of the day both natural and artificial, and their divers beginnings. Chap. 14 Of the names of the Days, & their etymology, Ch. 15 Of the week, Chap. 16 Of a month Solar and usual. Chap. 17 Of the lunar month & the diversities thereof, Chap. 18 Of the lunar year, both common & extraordinary, ch. 19 Of the solar year, and the etymology thereof. Ch. 20 Of the julian year, or our vulgar year, & of the leap year, and the cause thereof, with divers beginnings of years, Chap 21. Vulgar errors reformed. c. 22 Of the Kalends, Nones, etc. and what they be, Cham 23. Of the infortunate and fatal days of the year, as also of the good and happy days, Chap. 24 To find what planet reigneth any hour in the year, and how long he reigneth, c. 25 Of the natures & properties of the 7 planets, Cham 26 A brief discourse of the natural causes of watery meteors, as snow, hail, rain, etc. Chap. 27 divers signs to prognosticate what wether is towards, Chap. 28 Of the four quarters of the year, and first of Winter. Chap. 29. Certain predictions of the weather in every month, with necessary Abstracts, and the poetical rising of the stars, Chap. 30 Predictions of every day more particularly, Cham 31 Of the golden number, circle of the Sun, Dominical Letter, and Epact, etc. Chap. 32. To get the age, change, full & quarters of the Moon, Chap. 33. To find what sign the Sun or Moon is in, Chap. 34 Of the Eclipses of the Sun and Moon, and to know when they shall happen, and the quantity of obscuration. Chap. 35 To find the hour of Sunrising, & setting, the length of the day & night, with the break of day, & continuance of twilight. Cham 36 To know how long the Moon shineth, when she riseth, with the cause of her less, or greater light, C. 37 A Table to know the hour of the night by the moon, her coming to the south, the quantity of her shining, and full sea through England, Chap. 37 Astronomical Elections for physic and chirurgery, depending upon the place and course of the Moon, Chap. 38. Of the movable Feasts, and diversities of Easter, with the reason of our difference with the Romans, Chap. 39 To find the movable feasts for ever, according to our English Calendar, Cham 40 To find the movable feasts according to the Roman Church. Chap. 41 Of the Ember and Fasting-days, as also of the times of marriage, Chap. 42 Of weights and measures used in England, Chap. 43 Measures in longitude, and of the length, & the breadth and compass of England, Ireland, and the adjacent Islands, Chap. 44 To know how to reckon how much your daily expenses cometh to in the whole year, very readily without a Table or Calculation, Chap. 45 Of the difference of gold in fineness, and the valuation of several pieces of gold, with other necessary Tables, Chap. 46. Of the degrees of men before the Conquest, Ch. 47. The placing of Estates and Degrees of Nobility in England in this Age, C. 48 Of the number of Bishops in England, and how they be to take place one before the other, and of the number of parish Churches in England, etc. Of the towns that have Burgesses in the Parliament house, with the number of parishes in every shire, Chap. 49 A Concordancy of Years, containing a most exact Computation of time, with brief Notes out of the best Chronicles against every year. Also a brief Description and use of the same. AD LECTOREM: IN LAUDEM AUTHORIS, ROBERTI BROUGHTON, Interionis Templi, Carmina. A ARtis, & ingenij vi, nixus (lector) in arcto R Replicat Hoptonus commodapro partria. T Tramite vulgari non est ingressus: at eccè H Hîc procul occultas invenit ille vias. V Vraniae motus, numeros, scrutatur & astra: R Rarus & aerarum computus ecce tibi. H Hinc tibi concursus lunae, cum sole: notatur O Ortus stellarum, Cosmicus, & Chronicus. P Pandit deliquium solis, lunaeque: forensi T Tum fastos memorat, iustitijque dies. O Optamus placeat, saveas tu: sin minus, audin? N Necquicquam infestans, rumpitor invidiâ. AD ARCTURIUM HOPTON Annis etiamnum Iwenilibus Homine liboro verè dignis Studijs oppidò quàm insignitum, Carmine Phaleucio 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Encomium. AN, quem Patricius docebat olim jam tu a Scholar to the Irish Saint, wrote of Genethliaque judgements; lived under Vortiger about CDLX. Bal. Maccius? an scholae b A great Machematitian, precedent of the public Schools (which for those times were as our now Universities) at Caer- leon in Munmouth; not instituted by Arthur, as Cay in his antiquity of Cambridge supposes, but long after: otherwise how could there have been C C. Students there, about the Saxons arrival, as is witnessed in Camden, out of Alexander Ess●biensis; Nor doth the Munmouth jeffrey affirm, that he instituted any School there, but only that he had, in the time of that pompous celebration of the Round Table-Order, a School of C C. Philosophers in this City, which were altogether in celestial observations, and Astrology judicial Bale puts all this at Chester, but upon war●ant of the British Story (which in some things is seriously to be regarded) it should be at Caer●leon upon uske, styled Isea Leg. TWO Aug. in Surita's Antonmus, which may perhaps be meant by Ptolemies 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 although he places it in another people. He flourished under Vortimer. vetustae Es Maugantius? Insulaenè Glasti, An c Otherwise Movinus, a Monk of Glastenbury in Somerset, an ginger in Vortiport reign. Melkinus? an aemulus Bladudi Madulphi d ¶ Elmer foreign writers call him, so studious in curiosities, that he adventured the imitation of Daedalus, and the British Bladuds flying, but with no less misfortune. About the Confessors time was he a Monk of Malmsbury in Wi●●shire, Bal. Cent. 2. Leland. Malmesburicus. Lib. 1. cap. 2. Camd. Matth. Paris in Hen. 3. so called from Maldulph a Scot, or Scoto-Hibernus, who (with Adelm his scholar) disputed & wrote about the great Controversy of celebrating the true Passover in his true time. monachus? e Rohert, surnamed Grossetest Bishop of Lincoln, under Hen. III. besides his Mathematique sufficiencies, which remain testified in his Computus, Higdens Polychronicon, and else where, spent seven years labour in framing a Brazenhead, which (as Orpheus his did in Lesbos) should — tell, Of such things as befell, Philostrat in 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉. I Gower. in Confess. Amantis lib. 4. And seven years business He laid, but for the lachesse Of half a minute of an hour Fro first he began labours, He lost all that he had do. Such a piece of Magic performed is by an old Monk affirmed of Gerebert, G. Malmsh. de hist. reg. lib. 2. cui Gerebertus iste (contrà quam alijs) ●st joannes PP XV. De themate mun●● consul Petrum Alliacens. ap. Picum Mirand. adverse. Astrolog. lib. 5. cap. 9 & v. jul. Firmic. Bal. Cent. 3. De praestig. Damonum. lib. 2. cap. 4. Th. james in Eclog. Oxonio-Cantabrig●ers. lib. 1. Leo Suan, in comvend phil●s●. Paracels. & ad Paracels. lib. 1. de vitalongá. (afterward Pope Sylvester II.) Composed Certà, as he says, inspectione syderum cum videlicet ownes Planetae exordia cursus sui me. ditayentur, which how you can understand, unless, either when they are all in those points where in the Thema Mundi imagination of some Ancients (true Calculation cannot through uncertainty of Chronography) placed them, or else when by Parallax they are (such I mean, as may, the sine lesser) in point of their second Station at once, (a system perhaps too rare to find) I confess I know not. ¶ Robertus an tu Perdoctus Capito? Tibi an f ¶ Roger Bachon in time of Edward 1. Doctor of Divinity in Paris, and a Franciscan in Oxford, a Dorsetshire borne Gentleman, whom it pleases Bale to style, Praestigiator, & Magus Necromanticus, non in virtute Dei, sed operatione malorum spiritum, and wire reckons him among his Deplorati in●enij holiness; but that great Clerk M. I. Dee, long since, promised his Apology. Notice, that the world hath of him, proceeds for the most part, from his Chy●ique doctrine, for which Woarchadumists, and Spagiristique writers commonly vouch him. But his works were divers, both Mathematical, Physical, and Theological. Of some of them Copies are extant in Peter-House, & Bennet College in Cambridge, some in private hands, and in Panbrooke Hall Library, the Titles of some of his special treatises (not mentioned by Bale or Gesner) De prolongatione vitae, Antidotarium cussdem, De graduatione meduinarum, (in some of which I presume his report was of Artephius, whom he affirmed to have, by art applied to nature, lived a thousand years) remain in the Frontispiece of a volume, the books themselves being unhappily seized by plagiary Harpies. And questionless spite and ignorance (frequent enemies to learning and Art) have deprived posterity of no small benefit by mis●censuring what they understood not. Howsoever in others, in this learned Friar it hath been too manifest, all whose works fairly written, and well bound, were, by religious pretending Sciolists, d●●●'d as devilish, with long nails through them, fastened to desks in the Franciscans library in Oxford, 1. Tovi●●● reb. Athiome. lib. 2. Laur. Hum fred. praefat. ad jesiutismis. Homer 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Br. Tum. ap●● Oxon. lib. 〈◊〉 & there among dust & moths consumed; being suspected of heresy, he was committed to prison by PP. Nicholas 4. Bachoni Annè'st g Adam de Marisco (pardon me that for the verse he usurps a name of Homer's Kingfrogge) familiar friend to Robert Grossetest, both commended for Mathematicians, by Friar Bachon, to P. Clement IU. Camden. in Brigant. Ma mesbur. lib. ● detgest. reg. cap. 3. Henry Huntindor. lib 4. Bed. in Epit. hist. Angl. Bed. lib. 5. hist Anglie. cap. 20. Malmesh. de Pontific. lib. 5. Bal. Cent. 2. Hist. Dunelmens'. Br. Tui● apolog. 2. Cat. Antiq. Cantabrig. lib. 1. Br. Tuin. apo●. 3.1. Sarith. in Metalogic. lib. 1. cap. 3. Bal. cent, ●. & ● Gesner. biblist th●●. of Somerset by birth, by profession a Minorit, or Franciscan in Oxford. Limnocharis remissa, h For his learning & gravity surnamed Presbyter Venerabilis, borne at jarrow upon Tine, in the Bishopric of Durham, spent his life in letters under Benedict, or Bennet, surnamed Bishop, an English Gentleman of birth, and Abbot of Weremouth (which founded that Abbey, and another at jarrow, as one, and first of all brought builders of Stons-worke, use of Glass-windows, Painting and such like into England from Rome, whither he traveled five several times) and Ceolfrid his successor; wrote De Temporibus, Computo, and other universal Learning. Never (as some think) lived out of his native Territory, nor by any likelihood ever professed at Cambridge, as is guessed at by Herrison and Cay, upon argument drawn from a cottage there called Bedes-house, no more than Anaximander and Anaxagoras upon l. Lidgats testimony, or then Bellerophon was an Oxford man upon occurrence of an unknown place there titled Bellerophontis Curia in the book of S. Frideswides Monastery, or then this Bede and S. Colman lived, or were buried (with other old wives tales of them) at Boscham in Sussex, as, without warrant, the vulgar there have a tradition. Malmesbury buries him in the Abbey of Iarr●w: sed modo, saith he, cum Beato Cuthberto Dunelmi Situm fame consirmet. Bedae, i Roger Suicet, first inventor of the Art Calculatory in disputation, wherein multiplicatis particulis negativis & traiect●s peresse & non esse, calculo, (which was beans and pease) oput erat, quoties erat disputandum. The worth of this subtle Doctor, Cardan and his most penetrating antagonist Scaliger, enough blazon: nor do the Titles of Cainllationes, and Quisqui●ae S●icetica in Vines, and Picinino, Mirandula much detract from him. He was author of an Ephemerideses, and other of that nature, besides a book of the Art Cabalistique. Oxford was his University, and under Ed. 3, as is thought was justly proved of him. Suiceti ann'anima'st utiolim Homeri, Cantori Rudio? Magis mathesi Credam Pythagorae, tot inter alti 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 cum ingenij tot, ante pleros, Artis symbola Patrie, Tibíque Sic Dentur mutuò, priùs docendo Quàm, Arcturî, poterant recèns oborto. I. Selden è Soc. I Templ. januarie hath xxxj. days. The Moon 30 ♈ Aries is of the East, Masculine, Fiery, and Choleric. Governeth ●he Head, Face, Eyes, and Ears, etc. and sicknesses, the Apoplexy, Mummia, Spots Abortisments, Ringworms, and Morphews, etc. ☉ place 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 1 ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♒ 20 2 ♊ ♎ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ 21 3 ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♓ 22 4 ♋ ♏ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ 23 5 ♋ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ 24 6 ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♐ ♈ 25 7 ♌ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ 26 8 ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♉ 27 9 ♍ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ 28 10 ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ 29 11 ♎ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♒ 12 ♎ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ 1 13 ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♓ ♋ 2 14 ♏ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ 3 15 ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♌ 4 16 ♐ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ 5 17 ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ 6 18 ♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ 7 19 ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ 8 20 ♒ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ 9 21 ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ 10 22 ♓ ♋ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ 11 23 ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ 12 24 ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ 13 25 ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ 14 26 ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♐ ♓ ♌ ♑ 15 27 ♉ ♍ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ 16 28 ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♒ 17 29 ♊ ♎ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ 18 30 ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ 19 31 ♋ ♏ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♒ ♉ ♏ ♓ 20 january hath xxxi. days. The English Calendar. Rom Kalen Heb. No. Days. Sund. Let. Festival and fasting days, with old S. name● Kaleds Nones, & Ideses Prime Digits New moon, & suns eclipse. Prime. ☍ Full moon & her eclipse. Digits. ☽ Days. Sund. Let 1 A Circsicision Kalend 3 0 4.48. P 0 0 ☉ 0 11 D 2 B Dct of Ste 4 No 0 0 0 0 12 12, 26, P 0 12 E 3 C Dct of Ioh 3 No 16 0 7.58 A 0 0 0 0 13 F 4 D Dct of Inn. pride. no 0 1 11, 21, p 0 14 G 5 E Ed. denose Nonas 5 ● 7.15. P 0 0 0 0 15 A 6 F Epiphany. 8 Id 0 0 0 9 3, 13, p 0 16 B 41 7 G wed come. in 7 Id 13 0 9.52, A 0 0 0 0 17 C 8 A Lucian. priest 6 Id 2 0 8, 41., P 17 5, 8 A 0 18 D 9 B joice, vir● 5 Id 0 6 12, 12, p 0 19 E 10 C Solin aquari ● Id 18 0 8.24. P 14 8, 7, P 1 20 F 11 D Linus mart 3 Id 10 0 16 A 3 5, 43 p 0 21 G 12 E Hilary. pride. Id 7 0 ●. 18 P 0 0 0 0 22 A 42 13 F Idus 0 0 0 11 11, 31 A 0 23 B 14 G Felix priest. 19 Kl 15 0 9.22. A 0 0 0 0 24 C 15 A Maur. abb. 18 Kl 0 0 0 0 19 6.28. p 0 25 D 16 B Marcellus. 17 Kl 4 ● 0, 32 p 0 0 26 E 17 C Anthony 16 Kl 12 0 10 P 8 5, 36, A 0 27 F 18 D Pisca. virg 15 Kl 0 0 0 16 1, 6, P 0 28 G 19 E Wolsta. Bi. 14 Kl ● 0 5.12. A 5 9, 41, P 0 29 A 20 F 13 Kl 9 0 3.18 P 0 0 0 30 B 43 21 G Agnes virg.. 12 Kl 0 0 0 0 13 9, 19, P ● 31 C 22 A Vinc. Mart 11 Kl 17 0 7.54. P 0 0 0 0 Febr 23 B Terra. begin 10 Kl 0 0 0 0 2 5, 31, P 0 2 E 24 C Timochte. 9 Kl 6 0 2.52. P 0 0 0 0 3 F 25 D Con. of paul 8 Kl 14 0 19 43. P 10 11, 40 A 0 4 G 26 E Policar. Bi. 7 Kl 3 ● 11. P 18 7, 2, A 0 5 A 27 F 6 Kl 14 0 28.7. A 7 2, 37, P 0 6 B 44 28 G Agne. the sec 5 Kl 11 0 6.14. A 0 0 7 C 29 A Valeri. Bish 4 Kl 19 0 6 P 15 14, 26 A 0 8 D 30 B Batild quee. 3 Kl 0 0 0 0 4 1, 23, P ● 9 E 31 C Victor & sat pride. Kl ● 0 9.25. A 0 0 0 0 10 F February hath xxviij. days. The Moon 29 ♉ Taurus is of the South, Feminine, Earthly, and Melancholy. Governeth the Neck, Throat, and Voice. Sicknesses the Squinancies, Scrophulus, Cathars, and hoarseness: and is a fortunate sign in most things. ☉ Place. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 ♒ 1 ♋ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ 21 2 ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♐ ♈ 22 3 ♌ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ 23 4 ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♉ ♋ ♐ ♈ 34 5 ♍ ♑ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ 25 6 ♍ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ 26 7 ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♒ ♊ 27 8 ♎ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ 28 9 ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♋ 29 10 ♏ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ 30 11 ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♓ 12 ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ 2 13 ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ 3 14 ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♍ 4 15 ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ 5 16 ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♎ 6 17 ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ 7 18 ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♏ 8 19 ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ 9 20 ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♐ 10 ●● ♈ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ 11 22 ● ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♉ ♌ ♑ 12 23 ♉ ♍ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ 13 ●● ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ 14 ●● ♊ ♎ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♑ ♈ ♍ ♒ 15 ●● ♊ ● ♈ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ 16 27 ♋ ● ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♒ ♉ ♎ ♓ 17 ●● ● ♏ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ 18 ●● o ♐ ♉ oh oh ♊ oh oh oh ♏ oh oh oh ♉ oh oh ♊ oh o 19 〈◊〉 Leap year February hath 29 days, and S. Mathias day is observed 〈…〉 day. February hath xxviij. days. The English Calendar. Rom Kalé Heb. No Days. Sund Let. Festival and fasting days, with old S. names Kalends Nones, & Ideses. Length day parts ecli. New move. & suns eclipse. Prime. Full moon, and her eclipse. parts ecli Days. Sund Let. 1 D fa●t, Kalends 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 G 2 E Puris. of Ma 4 No 16 5.43. A 0 0 0 12 A 3 F 3 No 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 B 45 4 G Gilbert bish.. pride. No 5 11.25 A 0 0 0 14 C 5 A Agathy vi●e Nonas. 13 ● 11. p 91 6.45. A 0 15 D 6 B 8 Id 0 0 0 0 17 3.14. p 0 16 E 7 C Angle bish.. 7 Id 2 0 6.47. A 6 10.42. A 0 17 F 8 D Paul bishop 6 Id 10 0 3.8. P 0 0 0 18 G 9 E Sol in pisces 5 Id 18 0 2.25. p 14 3.20. A 0 19 A 10 F 4 Id 0 0 0 3 11. 45. A ● 20 B 46 11 G Gustacie, vi 3 Id 7 9.17. A 0 0 0 21 C 12 A Term end pride. Id. 0 0 0 11 6, 43. A 0 22 D 13 B Wolstane. Idus. 15 3.44. A 0 0 0 23 E 14 C Valentine. 16 kl 0 0 0 0 19 7.47. A 0 24 F 15 D Julian virg 15 kl 4 0 2.53. A 8 4.31. P 0 25 16 E Conitance. 14 kl 12 ● 7.14. A 16 11.44. P 0 26 17 F 13 kl ● 0 0 0 0 0 0 27 B 47 18 G Simon bish 12 kl ● 0 0 0 5 10.50. A 0 28 C 19 A Nat. H Pr. W 11 kl ●. 1 5 52. A 0 0 0 Marc. 20 B Mildred vir 10 kl 0 0 0 0 13 1.30. A 0 2 E 21 C 70 Martyrs 9 kl 0 ●. 39 P 0 0 0 3 F 22 D Cath. S. P 8 kl 0 0 0 2 1.47. A ● 4 G 23 E Policar. fast 7 kl 0 3.16. A 10 15.46 P 0 5 A 24 F Math●. Apost 6 kl 0 10.23. p 18 Midnight 0 6 B 48 25 G Victerne. 5 kl ● 8.42 A 7 0 7 C 26 A Nestor mar. 4 kl ● 4. P 0 0 0 8 D 27 B Augustine 3 kl 0 0 0 0 15 8.12 A 0 9 E 28 C Oswald bish pride. Kl 19 0 9.33. A 0 0 0 10 F Prime ☌ Digigis 〈◊〉 〈…〉 Hours. Print ☍ Hours minutes. Digits ☽ March hath xxxj. days. The Moon 30 ♊ Gemini is of the West, Masculine, Airy, and Sanguine. Ruleth the Shoulders, Arms, & Hands. Of sicknesses, Phlegmones, Feriuncula, and other proceeding of blood in the same places, and is a bad Sign to bleed under. ☉ place 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 ♓ 1 ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♈ 20 2 ♌ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ 21 3 ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ 22 4 ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♑ ♉ 23 5 ♍ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♑ ♈ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ 24 6 ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♒ ♊ 25 7 ♎ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ 26 8 ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ 27 9 ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♏ ♓ ♋ 28 10 ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ 29 11 ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♈ 12 ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ 1 13 ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♍ 2 14 ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ 3 15 ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ 4 16 ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ 5 17 ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ 6 18 ♓ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ 7 19 ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ 8 20 ♈ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ 9 21 ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ 10 22 ♉ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ 11 23 ♉ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ 12 24 ♊ ♎ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ 13 25 ♊ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ 14 26 ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ 15 27 ♋ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ 16 28 ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♐ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ 17 ●9 ♌ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ 18 ●0 ♌ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ 19 ●1 ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♑ ♉ 20 March hath xxxj. days. The English Calendar. Rom Kalen Heb. No Daves. Sund Let. Festival and fasting days, with olds. name's Kalends, Nones, & Ideses. Prime. ☌. Digits ☉ New Moon & sun's eclipse. Prime. ☍ Full Moon and by'r eclipse. Digits ☽ Daves. Sund. Let 1 D David Bish Kalends 0 0 0 0 4 6.2. A 0 11 G 2 E Chad. 6 No 8 0 3, 13, A 12 12, p 0 12 A 3 F 5 No 16 0 10.10, p 1 4.5. p 0 13 B 49 4 G Adrian ma 4 No 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14 C 5 A Euseb. mar 3 No 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 15 D 6 B Vict, & Vic. pride. no 5 0 0, 34, A 9 5.30. P 0 16 E 7 C Perpe, & Fen Nonas 2 11 4, 54, P 17 0, 49, A 0 17 F 8 D EL, martyr 8 Id 13 0 22, 8, A 6 9, 38. A 0 18 G 9 E Agapite v●● 7 Id 10 ● 3, 15, A 14 9, 47. P 0 19 A 10 F 6 Id 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 B 50 11 G Solin Aries. 5 Id 18 0 8, 20. A 0 0 0 0 21 C 12 A Gregory 4 Id 0 0 0 0 3 6, 0, A 0 22 D 13 B Theodore. 3 Id 7 0 3, 12, A 11 11, 52, p 2 23 E 14 C Candid m pride. Id 15 0 8, 40. P 0 0 0 0 24 F 15 D Longinus Idus. 0 0 0 0 19 6.28. p 0 25 G 16 E Gertrud. vir 17. kl. AP 4 0 10.18. A 0 0 0 0 26 A 17 F 16 k 12, 1 0 7, 40, p 8 3, 52, A 0 27 B 51 18 G Edwa-king 15 k 0 0 0 0 16 9.2. A 0 28 C 19 A Ios. mart. 14 k 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 29 D 20 B Cuthbert. 13 k. 9 0 9, 22, P 5 1, 10, A 0 30 E 21 C Benedict. 12 k. ● 0 0 0 13 6, 12. P 0 31 F 22 D Paulinus. 11 kl 17 0 7, 41, A 0 0 0 0 April 23 E Theod. 10 k. 5 0 0, 44, P 2 3, 36. P 0 2 A 24 F Init. Reg. jac 9 kl 0 0 0 0 10 4.55. P 19 3 B 52 25 G Ann. of Mary 8 kl 14 0 10.14. A 1 0 0 0 4 E 26 A Castor mar 7 kl ● 0 5.39. P 18 2.4. A 0 5 D 27 B Martian 6 kl 0 0 13.10, P 7 9.37. A 0 6 E 28 C Dorothy. 5 kl 0 0 0 0 15 7, 25, P 0 7 F 29 D Quintine. 4 kl 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 G 30 E Guido. mar. 3 k 19 11¾ 1, 47, A 4 11, 7, p 0 9 A 31 F pride. kl 8 0 8.36. p 0 0 0 0 10 B April hath thirty. days. The Moon 29 ♋ Cancer is of the North, Feminine, Watery, and Plegmaticke. Ruleth the Breast, Ribs, paps of women, Longs, Liver, and Spleen. Of sicknesses, Alopesia, watery eyes, Coughs, Rheums, Scabs, and Leprosy, and is good to diminish Choler, to take Electuaries, and to journey. ☉ place. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 ♈ 1 ♍ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ 21 2 ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♓ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ 22 3 ♎ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ 23 4 ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ 24 5 ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♓ ♋ 25 6 ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ 26 7 ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♉ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ 27 8 ♐ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ 28 9 ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♊ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ 29 10 ♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ 30 11 ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♉ 12 ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♏ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ 1 13 ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ 2 14 ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♌ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ 3 15 ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ 4 16 ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ 5 17 ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ 6 18 ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ 7 19 ♉ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ 8 20 ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♒ 9 21 ♊ ♏ ● ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ 10 22 ♋ ♏ ● ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♓ 11 23 ♋ ♐ ● ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ 12 24 ♋ ♐ ● ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ 13 25 ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♈ 14 26 ♌ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ 15 27 ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♉ 16 28 ♍ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ 17 29 ♍ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♏ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ 18 30 ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♒ ♊ 19 April hath thirty. days. The English Calendar. Rom Kalen Heb. No. Days. Sund. Let. Festival and fasting days, with old S. names ●a●eds Nones, & Ideses. Prime. ☌ Digits. ☉ New Moon & sun's eclipse. Prime. ☍ Full Moon and her eclipse. Digits. ☽ Daves. Sund Let. 1 1 G Theodo. vu Kaleds 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 C 2 A Mary Egi● 4 No 10 0 2.53. p. 0 0 0 0 12 D 3 B Rich. bishop. 3 No 0 0 0 0 1 6.25. P 0 13 E 4 C Ambros. bish pride. No 5 0 17, 7 A 9 15.6. P 11 14 F 5 D Martia. mar Nonas. 2 0 3.53. A 19 10.28. A 0 15 G 6 E Egisippus. 8 Id 13 0 17.19. A 6 10.32. A 0 16 A 7 F Mise●i Dom. 7 Id 10 ● 4.28. P 2 0 0 0 17 B 2 8 G Quind. Pasch 6 Id 0 0 0 0 14 12.16. P 0 18 C 9 A Passion 7 vir 5 Id 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 19 D 10 B Solin Taurus 4 Id 18 ● 1.25. A 3 10.26. p 0 20 E 11 C 3 Id 9 0 6.44. P 0 0 0 0 21 F 12 D Tibur. & va pride. Id 0 0 0 0 11 2.12. p 0 22 G 13 E Zenon vish. Idus. 15 0 8.43 A 0 0 0 0 23 A 14 F jubilate. 18 kl. Ma 4 0 6.42. P 1● 3.16. A 7 24 B 3 15 G Tres paschae 17 Kl 0 0 0 8 10.18 A 0 25 C 16 A Isidore vish 16 Kl 12 0 2.5. A 16 6.17. P 0 26 D 17 B Anicete bish 15 Kl 1 0 8.44. P 0 0 0 0 27 E 18 C Eleutherine 14 Kl 0 0 0 0 5 4.22. p 0 28 F 19 D Alpheg. ma● 13 Kl 9 0 3.5. P 0 0 0 0 29 G 20 E Victor bish 12 Kl 17 ● 10. p 13 10.57 A 0 30 A 21 F Cantate 11 Kl 0 0 0 0 2 4. 3●. P 0 May 4 22 G Mense Pasch 10 Kl 6 0 ●0. 28. A 0 0 0 0 2 C 23 A S. George 9 Kl 14 0 ●. 26. P 10 3.13. A 0 ● D 24 B Wilfrid. Fast 8 Kl 0 0 0 0 18 ●0. 25. A ● ● E 25 C Mark evan 7 Kl 3 0 3.55 A 7 7 22. P 0 ● F 26 D Clere bishop 6 Kl 11 0 0.56. p 0 0 0 0 6 G 27 E vooem sucun 5 Kl 0 0 0 0 15 7.25. A 0 7 A 28 F or Rogation. 4 Kl 19 0 6.3. p 0 0 0 0 8 B 5 29 G Quinq. pasch 3 Kl 0 0 0 0 4 3.35. P 0 9 C 30 A Erkenwald, pride Kl 8 ● 0 48. p 0 0 0 0 10 D May hath xxxj. days. The Moon 30 ♌ Leo is of the East, Masculine, fiery, and choleric, ruleth the Heart, Stomach, Back, Sides, and Midriff with Virgo: Of sicknesses, Cardiaca, trembling of the heart, and sounding: It is nought to vomit, good to begin that you would have public. ☉ place. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 ♉ 1 ♎ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ 20 2 ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♓ ♋ 21 3 ♏ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ 22 4 ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ 23 5 ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ 24 6 ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ 25 7 ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♉ ♍ 26 8 ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ 27 9 ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♎ 27 10 ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ 28 11 ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♏ 29 12 ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♊ 13 ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♐ 1 14 ♈ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ 2 15 ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ 3 16 ♉ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ 4 17 ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ 5 18 ♊ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ 6 19 ♊ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ 7 20 ♋ ♏ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ 8 21 ♋ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ 9 22 ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♈ 10 23 ♌ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ 11 24 ♌ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ 12 25 ♍ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ 13 26 ♍ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ 14 27 ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♒ ♊ 15 28 ♎ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ 16 29 ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ 17 ●0 ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ 18 ●1 ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ 19 May hath xxxj. days. The English Calendar. Rom Kalen Heb. No Days. Sund Let. Festival and fasting days, with old S. names Kalends Nones, & Ideses. Prime. ☌ Digigis ☉ New moon, & suns eclipse. Prime ☍ Full moon, and her eclipse. Digits ☽ days. Sund Let. 1 B Phil-& jaco. Kaleds. 0 0 0 0 12 9, 25, A 0 11 E 2 C Athanasius 6 No. 16 0 5, 12, A 0 0 0 0 12 F 3 D junen, screw 5 No. 5 0 7, 32, p 1 3.45, A 0 13 G 4 E Christopher 4 No. 0 0 0 0 17 8, 48, P 7 14 A 5 F Term ends 3 No. 13 0 2, 36. A 9 24.53, A 0 15 B 6 6 G Io. port. lat. pride. no 2 0 2 A 6 10.23. A 0 16 C 7 A job, of be●e Nonas 10 0 5, 36, A 0 0 0 0 17 D 8 B Appa. s●mic. 8 Id 0 0 0 0 14 3, 26, A 0 18 E 9 C trans. Nich. 7 Id 18 ● 4, 44. p 0 0 0 0 19 F 10 D Gordian. 6 Id 0 0 0 0 3 1, 43. p 0 20 G 11 E Whitsunday 5 Id 7 11 7.48 0 0 0 0 21 A 12 F Sol in Gemi 4 Id 15 0 7 P 11 1, 48, A 0 22 B 7 13 G Seruatius. 3 Id 0 0 0 0 19 10.56. A 0 23 C 14 A Bonifatius, pride. Id 4 0 2, 33, A 8 6, 28, p 0 24 D 15 B Isidor. mar. Idus. 12 0 ●0, 54, A 0 0 0 0 25 E 16 C 17 Kl. In 0 0 0 0 16 4, 9 A ● 26 F 17 D trans. Bern. 16 kl 1 0 20, 34, A 0 0 0 0 27 G 18 E Diosc. mar, 15 kl 0 0 0 0 5 7, 49, A 0 28 A 19 F Dunstan. c● 14 kl 9 0 5, 19, A 2 0 0 0 29 B 8 20 G Barnardin. 13 kl 17 8½ 5, 43, A 13 2, 47, A 0 30 C 21 A Helen. quee. 12 kl 6 ● 7, 40, P 2 2, 43, A 0 31 D 22 B Desiderii. 11 kl 0 0 0 0 10 11, 34, A 0 june 23 C Term. begin 10 kl 14 0 3, 14. A 18 6, 58, P 0 2 F 24 D Adelm. bish 9 kl 3 0 Noon, 0 0 0 0 3 G 25 E Augustine. 8 kl 11 0 12, 49, A 7 5, 55. A ● 4 A 26 F Bede. priest 7 kl 0 0 0 0 15 8, 43, P 0 5 B 9 27 G German. 6 kl 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 C 28 A Cord. mart. 5 kl 19 0 9, 41. A 0 0 0 0 7 D 29 B Nichomede. 4 kl 0 0 0 0 4 6, 44, A 0 8 E 30 C Felix. bish.. 3 kl 8 0 3, 1, A 12 10, 25. P 0 9 F 31 D Nerius. pride. Kl 16 12 4, 57, P 0 0 0 0 10 G june hath thirty. days. The Moon 29 ♍ Virgo is of the South, Feminine, Earthly, and Melancholy. Ruleth the Belly, Guts, and Midriff with Leo. Of sicknesses, Iliaca, and Coliaca Passio, Oppilations of the Spleen, and black lands. Good to woo, nought to marry because of barrenness. ☉ place. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 ♊ 1 ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♈ ♌ 20 2 ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ 21 3 ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ 22 4 ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ 23 5 ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ 24 6 ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ 25 7 ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ 26 8 ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ 27 9 ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ 28 10 ♈ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ 29 11 ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ 30 12 ♉ ♍ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♋ 13 ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ 1 14 ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♒ 2 15 ♊ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ 3 16 ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ 4 17 ♋ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ 5 18 ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♈ 6 19 ♌ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ 7 20 ♌ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ 8 21 ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♉ 9 22 ♍ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ 10 23 ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♊ 11 24 ♎ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ 12 25 ♎ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ 13 26 ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♓ ♋ 14 27 ♏ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ 15 28 ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♉ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♌ 16 29 ♐ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♏ ♒ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ 18 30 ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ 18 june hath thirty. days. The English Calendar. Rom Kalen Heb. No. Days. Sund. Let Festival and fasting days with old S. names Kalends, Nones. & Ideses, Prime. ☌ Digits. ☉ New moon & suns eclipse Prime. ☍ Full moon. & her eclipse Digits. ☽ Days. Sund. Let 1 A Nichomede Kalend. 0 0 0 0 ● 11, 28. A 0 11 A 2 ● 4 No. 5 0 2.56. A ● 6.28. p 0 12 B 10 3 G Quind. Trini. 3 No. 13 0 0 0 17 8.17. A 0 13 C 4 A Petrocius. pride. No 2 0 2.56. A 0 0 14 D 5 B Bonifa. hish Nonas. 10 0 9.26. P 6 0. 20 A 18 15 ● 6 C Claudius. 8 Id. 0 0 0 0 14 0.54. P 0 16 F 7 D Volstave. 7 Id. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 17 G 8 F Medard●● 6 Id. 18 0 6.0. P 0 0 0 0 18 A 9 ● 5 Id. 7 0 6.17. p. ● 0. 36. A 0 19 B 11 10 ● Tres Trinita 4 Id. 15 ● 15, 26. P 11 11.14 A 0 20 C 11 A Barit●-apos 3 Id 4 0 10.28. A 19 6.23. P 0 ●1 D 12 B Sol in cancer pride. Id. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ●2 E 13 C Term ends Idus 12 0 8.45. P 8 3.15 A 0 23 F 14 D Basil bishop 8 Kal. 11 0 1.47. P ●6 3.16. P 0 ●4 G 15 F Vite. 17 Kl 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 25 A 16 A 16 Kl 1 0 1.41. A 5 11.15 P 2 ●● B 1 17 B Botolphme 15 Kl 9 0 8.25. P 13 29. P 0 27 C 18 A Mart & mar 14 Kl 17 0 7.16. P ● 7.4. P 0 28 D 19 B Nat Reg. jac 13 Kl 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 29 E 20 C Cr●● Edw 12 Kl 6 ● 3.24 A 10 6.53. P 0 30 F 21 D Valour v● 11 Kl 14 ● 10.22. A 0 0 0 0 july 22 E Alban. mart. 10 Kl 3 0 11.41, P 18 4.29. A 0 2 A 23 F Fast 9 Kl 4 0 0 0 7 6 P 0 3 B 13 24 G john Baptist. 8 Kl 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 C 25 A Crans. of El 7 Kl 0 0 0 0 15 11 A 0 5 D 26 B joh. & Paul 6 Kl 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 E 27 C Crescente 5 Kl 19 0 0.6. A 4 8.14 P 0 7 F 28 D Leonis. fast 4 Kl 8 0 3. 16. P 0 0 0 0 8 G 29 E S. Peter apost 3 Kl 0 0 0 0 12 8. 26, A 0 9 A 30 F Con. of Paul pride. Kl 6 0 2. 36. A 1 6. 34 P 0 10 B july hath xxxj days. The Moon 30 ♎ Libra is West, Masculine, Airy, and Sanguine, tuleth the Lounes, Navel, reins, Buttocks, and Bladder with Scorpio: Of sicknesses dinnesse of sight, stopping of urine, the stone in the reins, and Colic, etc. Diminish choer, journey, use no Venery. ☉ place 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 ♋ 1 ♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ 19 2 ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ 20 3 ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ 21 4 ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ 22 5 ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ 23 6 ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ 24 7 ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ 25 8 ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ 26 9 ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ 27 10 ♉ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ 28 11 ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♒ 29 12 ♊ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ 30 13 ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♌ 14 ♋ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ 1 15 ♋ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ 2 16 ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♈ 3 17 ♌ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ 3 18 ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♉ 4 19 ♍ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ 5 20 ♍ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ 6 21 ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♏ ♒ ♊ 7 22 ♎ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ 8 23 ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♓ ♋ 9 24 ♏ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ 10 25 ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ 11 26 ♐ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ 12 27 ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ 13 28 ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ 14 29 ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ 15 30 ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♏ ♎ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♎ 16 31 ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ 17 july hath xxxj. days. The English Calendar. Rom Kalen Heb. No. Days. ●und. Let. Festival and fasting days, with old S. names Kaleds, Nones, & Ideses. Prime. ☌ Digits. ☉ New Moon & sun's eclipse. Prime. ☍ Full Moon and her eclipse. Digits ☽ Days, Sund. Let. 14 1 B Oct. Io. bap Kalends 5 ● 10.9. A 9 14.30. P 0 11 C 2 A Visit of Ma 6 No 13 0 6.33. P 17 9.14. P 0 12 D 3 B trä of though 5 No 2 0 5. 56. p 0 0 0 0 13 E 4 C Trä. of mar 4 No 0 0 0 0 6 3. 15. p 0 14 F 5 D Zoe virgin. 3 No 10 0 12. 38. p 0 0 0 0 15 B 6 E Oc. Pe. & P pride. No 0 0 0 0 14 10.3. A ● 16 A 7 F Martialis Nonas. 18 0 5. 6. p 0 0 0 0 17 B 15 8 G depos. Grim 8 Id 0 0 0 0 3 10. 36. A 0 18 C 9 A Cyrill. bish.. 7 Id 7 0 3. 9 A 11 7. 9 p 0 19 D 10 B Sept. fratr. 6 Id 15 0 10.49. A 0 0 0 0 20 E 11 C Tran. Bene 5 Id 4 ● 7.27. p 19 2.26. A 0 21 F 12 D Nab. & Felix 4 Id 0 0 0 0 8 1. 22. p 0 22 G 13 E Sol in Leo. 3 Id 12 0 8. 12. A 0 0 0 0 23 A 14 F pride. Id. 0 0 0 0 16 4.1. A 0 24 B 16 15 G Tr. Swith Idus. 1 0 5.0. P 0 0 0 0 25 C 16 A Renelin. kin 17. kl. Au 9 0 22.24. P 5 2.1. P 0 26 D 17 B Tr. of Osin 16 kl 8 ● 13.50 P 17 17.53. P ● 27 E 18 C Arnolp bish.. 15 kl 17 0 3.21. A 2 7.4. P 0 28 F 19 D Dog. day. beg 14 kl 6 0 ●0. 36. A 0 0 0 0 29 G 20 E Marga. vir 13 k 14 0 ●. 47. P 10 2.5. A 0 30 A 21 F Prared. vir. 12 kl 0 0 0 0 18 4.38. P 0 3● B 17 22 B Mary mag. 11 kl 3 ● 1, 13. A 0 0 0 0 Aug. 23 A Apolin. bish 10 kl 0 0 0 0 7 8.40. A 0 2 D 24 B Christi. fast ● kl 11 0 4.44. A 0 0 0 3 E 25 C james apost 3 kl 0 0 0 0 15 2.12. A 0 4 F 26 D Annat. mar 7 kl 19 0 1.17. P 0 0 0 0 5 G 27 E 7 sleepers. 6 kl 0 0 0 0 4 8.6. A 0 6 A 28 F Samson. by 5 kl 0 0 0 0 12 6.49. P 1 7 B 18 29 G Fell. & his fe. 4 kl 16 0 11.6. A 0 0 0 8 C 30 A Abdò & Sen 3 kl 5 0 6.5. P 1 2.1. A 0 9 D 31 B German. pride. Kl 0 0 0 0 9 10.43. A 0 10 E August hath xxxj. days. The Moon 30 ♏ Scorpio is of the North, Feminine, watery, and phlegmatic, and rueth the secret members, the fundament and bladder, with Libra. Of sicknesses all filthy scabs, and spots in the face, loss of sight, Canket and Haemarhoides, Leprosy, Alopecia, and French pox. Use drugs; else infortunate. ☉ place 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 ♌ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♏ 18 2 ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ 19 3 ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♐ 20 4 ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ 21 5 ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ 22 6 ♉ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ 23 7 ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ 24 8 ♊ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♑ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ 25 9 ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ 26 10 ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ 27 11 ♋ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ 28 12 ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♈ 28 13 ♌ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ 29 14 ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♏ 15 ♍ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ 1 16 ♍ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ 2 17 ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♒ ♊ 3 18 ♎ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ 4 19 ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ 5 20 ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ 6 21 ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ 7 22 ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♐ ♈ ♌ 8 23 ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ 9 24 ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♍ 10 25 ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ 11 26 ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ 12 27 ♒ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ 13 28 ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ 14 29 ♓ ♌ ● ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ 15 30 ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ 16 31 ♈ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ 17 August hath xxxj. days. The English Calendar. Rom Kalen Heb No Days. Sund Let. Festival and fasting days, with o● 8. na●●● Kalends Nones, & Ideses. Prime. ☌ Digigis ☉ New moon. & suns eclipse. Prime ☍ Full moon, and her eclipse. Digits ☽ days. Sund Let. 1 C Lanun●s Kalends 13 ● 4.16. A 17 11.48. A 0 11 F 2 D Steph. mat 4 No 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 G 3 E junen of Ste 3 No 0 0 0 0 6 6.10. A 0 13 A 4 F pride. No 10 0 3.53. A 0 0 0 0 14 B 19 5 G Goury's cons. Nonas 0 0 0 0 14 0.31. A 0 15 C 6 A Tras. Christ 8 Id 18 0 1.52. A 3 7. 17. P 17 16 D 7 B feast of jesus 7 Id 7 0 11, 8. A 0 0 0 0 17 E 8 C Cirfacke. 6 Id 15 0 6. 8. P 11 2.43. A 0 18 F 9 D Romaf. mar. 5 Id 0 0 0 0 19 Noon. 0 19 G 10 E Lawr mart. 4 Id 4 0 6. 22. A 0 0 0 0 20 A 11 F 3 Id 12 ● ●. 41 P 8 1. 36. A 0 21 B 20 12 G Clare virgi. pride. Id. 0 0 0 0 16 6. 33. P 0 22 C 13 A Hippolyta Idus. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 23 D 14 B Sol in Virgo. 19 kl 1 0 8. 52. A 0 0 0 0 24 C 15 C Aff. of Mart 18 kl 9 0 11. 30 P 5 3. 56. A 0 25 F 16 D Roch. mart. 17 kl 17 0 11. 6. A 13 5. 14. P 0 26 G 17 E Oct of Laur 16 kl ● 0 6. 5. P 2 2. 37. A 13 27 A 18 F 15 kl 0 0 0 0 10 9 56. A 0 28 B 21 19 G Magnus ma 14 kl 14 0 2 28. A 0 0 0 0 29 C 20 A Lodowick. 13 k 0 0 0 0 18 5. 8. A 0 30 D 21 B Barnard 12 kl 3 0 1. 50. A 7 11. 5. P 0 31 E 22 C Oct. assump 11 kl 11 ● 8. 34 P 0 0 0 0 Sept 23 D Timot. Fast 10 kl 0 0 0 0 15 5. 57 P 0 2 G 24 E Barth. Apost. 9 kl 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 A 25 F 3 kl 19 0 1. 6. A 4 7. 1. P 0 4 B 22 26 G Sep●. in mar 7 kl 8 0 11. 18 A 0 0 0 0 5 C 27 A Ruff. mar, 6 kl 16 0 7. 1. P 12 3. 17. A 0 6 D 28 B August bish.. 5 kl 0 0 0 0 1 10. 35. A 0 7 E 29 C Dog. day, end 4 kl 5 0 3.42. A 9 9.32. P 0 8 F 30 D Felix & And 3 kl 3 0 4.22. P 0 0 0 0 9 G 31 E Luthbert. pride. Kl 13 0 0 0 17 3. 49. A 0 10 A September hath thirty days. The Moon 29 ♐ Sagittarius is of the East, Masculine, Fiery, and Choleric, ruleth the Thighs and Hips: Of sicknesses hot Fevers Opthalima and bleared eyes, and falls from high places, and from horses; diminish phlegm, confer with Lawyers, use shooting. ☉ place. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 ♍ 1 ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ 18 2 ♉ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ 19 3 ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ 20 4 ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ 21 5 ♊ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ 22 6 ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ 23 7 ♋ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ 24 8 ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ 25 9 ♌ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ 26 10 ♌ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ 27 11 ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♑ ♉ 28 12 ♍ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ 29 13 ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ 14 ♎ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ 1 15 ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ 2 16 ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♓ ♋ 3 17 ♏ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ 4 18 ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♈ ♌ 5 19 ♐ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ 5 20 ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ 6 21 ♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ 7 22 ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ 8 23 ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♒ ♉ ♎ 9 24 ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ 10 25 ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ 11 26 ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ 12 27 ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ 13 28 ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ 14 29 ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ 15 30 ♉ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ 16 September hath thirty. days. The English Calendar. Rom Kalen Heb. No. Days. Sund. Let Festival and fasting days with old S. names Kalends Nones. & Ideses, Prime. ☌ Digits. ☉. New moon & suns eclipse Prime. ☍ Full moon. & her eclipse Digits. ☽ Days. Sund. Let 1 F Giles Abbot Kalend 2 0 1.24, A 6 10.16. P 0 11 G 23 2 G Antho-mart 4 No. 10 ● 6.37. P 0 0 0 0 12 C 3 A Ordin. Greg 3 No. 0 0 0 0 14 2. 9 P 0 13 D 4 B Tran. of Cut pride. No. 18 0 11.48. A 0 0 0 0 14 E 5 C Bertine. Nonas. 7 0 16. 58. P 3 3. 33. A 0 15 F 6 D Eugenius, 8 Id. 0 0 0 0 11 10. 30 A 6 16 G 7 E Nat. of Mary 7 Id 15 0 2. 16. A 0 0 0 0 17 A 8 F nat. of s. mar 6 Id. 4 0 7.41. P 19 0 8 A 0 18 B 24 9 G Gorg. Mart 5 Id 0 0 0 0 8 4. 13. P 0 19 C 10 A Sisuins. 4 Id 12 0 1. 10. P 0 0 0 0 20 D 11 B Prot. & Hia. 3 Id 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 21 E 12 C Martian. pride. Id 1 0 10. 2. P 16 10.48 A 0 22 F 13 D Sol in Libra Idus ● 0 0 0 1 0 23 G 14 E Holy Cross 18. Noct 9 0 10 36. A 25 19.48 A 0 24 A 15 F Oct. of Mar 17 Kl 17 0 114. P 13 5.32 A 0 25 B 25 16 G Edith virg.. 16 Kl 6 0 2.53. A 10 8. 39 P 0 26 C 17 A Lambert 15 Kl 14 0 1. 7. P 0 0 0 0 27 D 18 B Vict & Cor. 14 Kl 0 0 0 0 18 8. 49. P 0 28 E 19 C januar. mar 13 Kl 3 0 6. 9 P 0 0 0 0 29 F 20 D Eustace. fast 12 Kl 0 0 0 0 7 3. 47. P 0 30 G 21 E Matthew ap. 11 Kl 11 0 1. 0. P 0 0 0 0 Octo. 22 F Mauritius 10 Kl 0 0 0 0 15 9 38. A 0 2 B 26 23 G Tecla virg.. 9 Kl 19 32 Noon. 0 0 0 0 3 C 24 A Andocheus 8 Kl 8 0 8. 10. P 4 4.20. A 0 4 D 25 B Firmine. 7 Kl 0 0 0 0 12 11.47. A 0 5 E 26 C Eipri. & Just 6 Kl 16 0 4. 35 A 1 9.21. P 0 6 F 27 D Cousin. & damn 5 Kl 5 0 3. 42. P 0 0 0 0 7 G 28 E Euriper. 4 Kl 0 0 0 0 9 10.55 A ● 8 A 29 F S Michael 3 Kl 13 0 7. 14. A 17 8. 39 P 0 9 B 27 30 G jerom pry pride. Kl 2 0 4. 40. P 0 0 0 0 10 C October hath xxxj. days, The Moon 30 ♑ Capricorn is of the South, Feminine, Earthly, and Melancholy, Ruleth the Knees. Of sicknesses, ache in the Kn●●s, deafness, loss of speech, and sight, Itch, Scabs, and foulness of the Skin. Converse with old men, sow, plant, make Gardens. 〈◊〉 ●lace. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 ♎ 1 ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♒ 17 2 ♊ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ 18 3 ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♓ 19 4 ♋ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ 20 5 ♋ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ 21 6 ♌ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ 22 7 ♌ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ 23 8 ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♉ 24 9 ♍ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ 25 10 ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ 26 11 ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ 27 12 ♎ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ 28 13 ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♓ ♋ 29 14 ♏ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♏ 15 ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ 1 16 ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ 2 17 ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ 3 18 ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♉ ♍ 4 19 ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ 5 20 ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♎ 6 21 ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ 7 22 ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♏ 8 23 ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ 9 24 ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♐ 10 25 ♈ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ 11 26 ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ 12 27 ♉ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ● ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ 13 28 ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♒ 14 29 ♊ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ● ♉ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ 15 3● ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ 16 3● ♋ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ 17 October hath xxxj. days. The English Calendar. Rom Kalen Heb No Days. Sund. Let. Festival and fasting days, with old S. names Kalends, Nones, & Ideses. Prime ☌ Digits ☉ New Moon & sun's eclipse. Prime. ☍ Full Moon and her eclipse. Digits ☽ days. Sund. Let 1 A Remigiusi Kalends 0 0 0 0 0 ●, 28, P. ☉ 11 D 2 B Leodegar B 6 No 10 0 8, 36, A 1● 2, 43, A ❍ 12 E 3 C Candid. mar 5 No 18 ☽ 8, 34. P 0 0 0 0 13 F 4 D Francis con 4 No ● 0 0 0 3 Noon. 0 14 G 5 E Apolinaris 3 No 7 0 ●, 38. A 11 7, 36. P 0 15 A 6 F p●id No 15 0 Noon, 0 0 o 0 16 B 28 7 G Octa. Marti Nonas 0 0 0 0 19 ●, 52. P ● 17 C 8 A Delage. vir 8 Id ● 0 11. 4●. P 0 0 0 0 18 D 9 B Term begin 7 Id 0 0 0 0 8 7, 5, A 0 19 E 10 C Berceon. & Vi● 6 Id 12 0 6, 40, A 0 0 20 F 11 D Nichas. vir 3 Id 0 0 0 0 16 2.5 A 0 21 G 12 E Calixt. 4 Id 1 0 11, 9, A 0 0 0 0 22 A 13 F 3 Id 9 ● 9, 12, P 5 4, 26. A 0 23 B 29 14 G Sol in scorp pride. Id 17 0 4, 20. A 13 1. 17. P 0 24 C 15 A jews feast Idus. 0 0 0 0 2 16.17. A 0 25 D 16 B Mich-moun 1 kl. No. 0 0 0 o 10 7, 43, A 0 26 E 17 C Etheldr. fast 16 kl 14 0 2, 42, A 0 0 0 0 27 F 18 D Luke Evang 15 kl 0 0 0 0 18 2. 25. P 19 28 G 19 E Frideswide 14 kl ● 0 11, 55, A 7 18. 55. P 0 29 A 20 F 13 kl 0 0 0 0 6 1, 44. P 0 30 B 30 21 G xi. Mar-virg 12 kl 12 0 ●, 15 A 0 0 0 0 30 C 22 A Mary Sold 11 kl 19 0 10, 5. P 0 0 0 0 Novem 23 B Roman. arch 10 kl ● 0 35, 19 A 4 1.49 P 0 2 E 24 C Waglory. 9 kl 3 ● 5, 31, A 12 8, 53. P 0 3 F 25 D Crit. & Cris. 8 kl 11 0 2, 38, P 0 0 0 0 4 G 26 E Ursula virg 7 kl 0 0 0 0 1 10. 56. A 0 5 A 27 F Florence, fast 6 kl 5 0 6, 42, A 0 0 0 0 6 B 31 28 G Simon & jud 5 kl 1 0 0, 26. A 9 3, 16. A 0 7 C 29 A Narcissus 4 kl 0 0 0 17 1, 26, P ● 8 D 30 B German bish 3 kl 2 0 3 21. A 0 0 0 0 9 E 31 C Quintine pride. kl 10 0 9, 24, P 6 3.40. A 0 10 F November hath thirty. days. The Moon 29 ♒ Aquarius is of the West, Masculine, Airy, and Sanguine, and ruleth the Legs: Of sicknesses Fever quartans, black jaunders, swelling of the Legs, and varices. Diminish Melancholy, lay foundations, plant, build, etc. ☉ place. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 ♏ 1 ♋ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ 18 2 ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♈ 19 3 ♌ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ 20 4 ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♉ 21 5 ♍ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ 22 6 ♍ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ 23 7 ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♒ ♊ 24 8 ♎ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ 25 9 ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ 26 10 ♏ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ 27 11 ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ 28 12 ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♈ ♌ 29 13 ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♐ 14 ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♉ ♍ 1 15 ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ 2 16 ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ 3 17 ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ 4 18 ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ 5 19 ♓ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ 6 20 ♓ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ 7 21 ♈ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ 8 22 ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ 9 23 ♉ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ 11 24 ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ 12 25 ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ 13 26 ♊ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ 14 27 ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ 15 28 ♋ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ 16 29 ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♈ 17 30 ♌ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ 18 November hath thirty days. The English Calendar. Rom Kalen Heb. No Days. Sund Let. Festival and fasting days, with old S. names Kalends, Nones, & Ideses. Prime. ☌ Digits ☉ New Moon & sun's eclipse. Prime. ☍ Full Moon & sun's eclipse. Digits ☽ days. Sund. Let. 1 D All Saints, Kaleds 0 0 0 0 14 2. 22. p 0 11 G 2 E All Souls. 4 No 18 ● 5.51. A 3 9.39. P 0 12 A 3 F Winifrid vi. 3 No 7 ● 1. 46. P 0 0 0 0 13 B 32 4 G Amantins pride. No 15 0 0 18, A 11 6. 36. A 0 14 C 5 A Papists consp Nonas. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 15 D 6 B Leonard. 8 Id 0 0 0 0 19 8. 54. A 0 16 E 7 C Wilbrode. 7 Id 4 0 6. 3 A 0 0 0 0 17 F 8 D 4 Crowned. 6 Id 12 0 11. 30. P 8 3. 29. A 0 18 G 9 E Theodore. 5 Id 0 0 0 0 16 9 20. P 8 19 A 10 F Mar. v. of K 4 Id 1 0 11. 9 P 0 0 0 0 20 B 33 11 G Nartine. 3 Id 9 0 19.23. P 5 3. 31. P 0 21 C 12 A Solin Sagit. pride. Id 17 ● 3. 23. P 13 11. 57 P 0 22 D 13 B Tran. of Erk Idus. 0 0 0 o 2 8. 55. A 0 23 E 14 C 18 kl. De 6 ● 3. 24. A 10 10.51. P 0 24 F 15 D Macute. 17 Kl 14 0 7. 14. P 0 0 0 0 25 G 16 E Edmun. arch 16 Kl 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 26 A 17 F 15 Kl 0 0 0 0 18 8. 50. A 0 27 B 34 18 G Octab. Marti 14 Kl 3 0 5. 36. A 0 0 0 0 28 C 19 A Eliza. mart 13 Kl 11 0 8. 29. P 7 1. 31. A 0 29 D 20 B Edmund. K 12 Kl 0 0 0 0 15 2. 34. P 0 30 E 21 C Pres. of mar 11 Kl 19 0 8. 4. A 4 11. 36. P 0 Decen 22 D Sicily virg.. 10 Kl 8 0 3. 15. P 0 0 0 0 2 G 23 E Clement. 9 Kl 16 ● 11. 53. P 12 7. 13. A 0 3 A 24 F Grisogonus 8 Kl 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 B 35 25 G Kateri. virg.. 7 Kl 0 0 0 0 1 3. 27. A 0 5 C 26 A Line bishop. 6 Kl 5 0 0. 24. A 9 9 50. P 0 6 D 27 B Agricola. 5 Kl 13 0 7. 22 P 0 0 0 0 7 E 28 C Term ends. 4 Kl 2 0 11. 19 P 17 5. 7. A 0 8 F 29 D Fast 3 Kl 0 0 0 0 6 4. 40. P 19 9 G 30 E Andrew ap o. pride. Kl. 10 0 9 13. A 0 0 0 0 10 A December hath xxxj. days. The Moon 30 ♓ Pisces is of the North, Feminine, Watery, and Phlegmatic, ruleth the Feet, Ankles and He eyes: Of sicknesses, the Gout, Scabs, Leprosy, Palsy, and Pushes, as Aries: Diminish Choler, take Drugs by Pylle, use Fishing, etc. ☉ place 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 ♐ 1 ♋ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ 18 2 ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♈ 19 3 ♌ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ 20 4 ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♉ 21 5 ♍ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ 22 6 ♍ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ 23 7 ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♒ ♊ 24 8 ♎ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ 25 9 ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ 26 10 ♏ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ 27 11 ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ 28 12 ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♈ ♌ 29 13 ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♐ 14 ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♉ ♍ 1 15 ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ 2 16 ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ 3 17 ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ 4 18 ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ 5 19 ♓ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ 6 20 ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ 7 21 ♈ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ 8 22 ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ 9 23 ♉ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♌ ♑ 11 24 ♊ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ 12 25 ♊ ♏ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♑ ♉ ♍ ♒ 13 26 ♊ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ 14 27 ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ ♌ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ 15 28 ♋ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♏ ♈ ♌ ♐ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♏ ♓ 16 29 ♌ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ ♍ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♋ ♏ ♈ 17 30 ♌ ♑ ♉ ♎ ♒ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♉ ♍ ♑ ♊ ♎ ♓ ♋ ♐ ♈ 18 December hath xxxj. days. The English Calendar. Rom. Kalen. Heb No Days. Sund. Let Festival and fasting days with old S. names Kalends, Nones, & Ideses. Prime. ☌ Digits. ☉. New moon & suns eclipse Prime. ☍ Full moon. & her eclipse Digits. ☽ Days. Sund. Let. 1 F Loy Kalend 18 0 4, 19 P 14 1, 9 A. 0 11 B 36 2 G Liban. mar▪ 4 No. 0 0 0 0 3 8.43. A 0 12 C 3 A Depo. of Os 3 No. 7 0 2. 7. A 11 8.19. P 0 13 D 4 B Barba. virg pride. No 15 ● 3. 23. P 0 0 0 0 14 E 5 C Sabba. Ab. Nonas. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 15 F 6 D Nich. Bish. 8 Id. 0 0 0 0 19 3. 30. A 0 16 G 7 E Oct. of And 7 Id 4 0 0. 55. A 8 9 58. P 0 17 A 8 F Con. of Ma 6 Id. 12 0 6. 22. P 0 0 0 0 18 B 37 9 G Cypri. Abb 5 Id. 0 0 0 0 16 1. 29. P 0 19 C 10 A Eulat. virg, 4 Id 1 0 10. 20, A ● 23.49. P 0 20 D 11 ● Damasius 3 Id 9 0 5. 32. P 5 2. 0. A 11 21 E 12 ● Sol in capri. pride. Id 17 0 5. 57 A 13 9 4. A 0 22 F 13 D Lucy virg.. Idus 6 0 7. 51. P 0 0 0 0 23 G 14 E Othy virgin. 19 Kl. ja 0 0 0 0 10 4. 38. P 0 24 A 15 F Valeri. bish 18 Kl. 14 ● 1 55. P 0 0 0 0 25 B 38 16 G Marimi. 17 Kl 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 26 C 17 A Diacor mar 16 Kl 3 0 10. 3. P 18 2. 38, A 0 27 D 18 B Barnardin. 15 Kl 0 0 0 0 7 4. 35. P 0 28 E 19 C Veneti. vir. 14 Kl 11 0 10. 14. A 0 0 0 0 25 F 20 D Julian Fast 13 Kl 19 0 6. 18. P 15 2. 56. A 0 3● G 21 E Thomas Ap. 12 Kl 0 0 0 0 4 10.7. A 0 31 A 22 F Defider. ma 11 Kl 8 0 2. 29. A 12 7. 27. P 0 janu 39 23 G Victor. virg 10 Kl 16 0 1.17. P 0 0 0 0 2 C 24 A Claudy 9 Kl 0 0 1 10. 8. P 0 3 D 25 B Christm. da 8 Kl 5 0 8. 42. P 0 4 E 26 C Stephen. 7 Kl 0 0 0 0 9 5. 14. P 0 5 F 27 D john evang. 6 Kl 13 0 2 23. P 17 7. 3. P 0 6 G 28 E Innocents'. 5 Kl 2 0 0. 31. P 0 0 0 0 7 A F 40 29 G Thom. Be● 4 Kl 10 0 7. 58. P 6 4. 12. A 0 8 B 30 A Tra. of ja. 3 Kl 0 0 0 0 14 11. 30. A 0 9 C 31 B Slive. Bish pride Kl 18 0 4. 23. A 3 10. 8. P 0 10 D man surrounded by the signs of the zodiac The Anatomy of man's Body, as the parts thereof are governed by the 12. Signs of the zodiac. Aries. The head and Face. Taurus. Neck, Gemini Arms & shoulders. Cancer Breast, stomach & ribs. Leo Heart & Back. Virgo Bowels & Belly. Libra. R●ines & loins. Scorpio Secret memb. Sagitatius Thighs. Capricornus. Knees. Aquarius The Legs. Pisces The Feet. ♈ Aries ♉ Taurus ♊ Gemini ♋ Cancer ♌ Leo ♍ Virgo ♎ Libra ♏ Scorpio ♐ Sagitarius ♑ Capricorn ♒ Aquarius ♓ Pisces. The seven Planets. Saturn ♄ jupiter ♃ Mars ♂ Sol ☉ Venus ♀ Mercuri ☿ Luna ☽ The Aspects. Coniunct. ☌ Oppos. ☍ Quart. □ Sextil. ⋆ Trine △ Chap. I. Of the Distinction of Creatures, and their respondency to the World. THE everlasting God, as infinite in wisdom, as incomprehensible in power, the only builder and maker of this wonderful and glorious frame of the World, hath likewise (by his most divine knowledge) created, and suffered man to perceive three orders of creatures, all differing in themselves; which are corporal, as the Clement's; spiritual, as Angels; and compound, as Man: And these corporal bodies are subdivided into bright and shining bodies, as Planets and Stars, or into opacious and gross bodies, as the earth and metals, or into diaphane and transparent bodies, as air and water; Or these kind of bodies some have being only, as Stones; some, life and being, as Trees; some, sense, life and being, as Beasts; and others, understanding, sense, life, and being, as Man, which is most noble of all other; and therefore the Philosophers have called him Microcosmus, a little World, which doth respond unto the greater: for as the motion of the whole glove is caused by the voluntary motion of an intellectual substance (which some call Daemons, or Intelligentiae) so man is moved by his intellective soul, because as Aristotle hath proved: Every thing that is moved, is moved by the virtue of another. And as this most wonderful frame or Machina doth contain all things in itself, because Extra coelum nihil est: so man by knowledge is all, and at all nothing natural is hid from him, being not without motions & affectations equal to that glorious & heavenly Hierarchy. And to end this respondency betwixt Microcosmus and Cosmus, betwixt Man and the World, in man are two motions, intellectual & sensual, the one to good, the other to bad, so in the world are two local motions, rational and irrational, the one into the West, the other into the East: for as the irrational motion is contrary to the rational; so is the intellectual to the sensual. Man thus resembling the heavens, became a Christian, taking the denomination thereof from Christ; jesus being the proper name, and Christ the surname; jesus being the name of his Godhead and divinity, and Christ the name of his office and dignity: jesus in Greek being called Sother, in Latin salvator; in English both signifying a Saviour; and in conclusion, note from S. Bernard 4 creations of man: The first without man & woman, as Adam out of the earth: The second of man without woman, as Eva, of Adam's rib: the third of man & woman, as we are: & the 4 of a virgin, without man, as Christ of Mary. CHAP. II. The definition of the World. THe world is Heaven and Earth, & all things therein contained as well simple as mixed, and (as Moses testifies) was made by God. The Latins call it Mundus à movendo, because it is in continual motion; it is called of the Greeks Cosmus, à pulchritudo, because it is most fair and beautiful, as well by reason of the Elements, and such transparent bodies, as by reason of the resplendency of the Sun, Moon, and Stars: for indeed what is more admirable to behold: which caused Plato to say, eyes were given to man to view the glory of heaven, as may also appear by ovid. Os hominum sublime dedit, coelumque videre. For what is a more sure testimony of the wonderful works of God, or what greater delight is there (to them that truly understand it) than the beholding of the glory of the Sun, Moon, and Stars, in observing their motions upon their Excentrickes, and Concentrics, in noting the diversity of aspect and radiations, with their retrogradations and directions, their magnitudes and distances, and such like. As for the name of heaven, it is called with the Latins Coelum, quià coelatum est, pictatum & ornatum. CHAP. III. Of the division of the World. THe world is divided into two parts or regions, Elementary and ethereal: The Elementary part is subject unto daily alteration, and doth contain the Fire, air, Water, and Earth. The ethereal region doth contain in his concavity, the Elementary region, and this ethereal region is called of some, Quinta essentia, the quint-essence, or fist substance, which is a body of itself, differing from all Elements, and things Elemental, as well in matter as in form, and no less in nature and quality, containing no contrariety, and being without corruption; such is heaven, and the matter thereof, but the Elements are far of otherwise, not simple, but compounded of viscotions matter: for a pure Element cannot be seen, because that which is pure wanteth colour, and that which wanteth colour is not visible, and therefore the Elements intermingle themselves according to their propinquity, so that an Element is that whereof any thing is compounded: they are the first of compositions, yet of themselves not compounded: for they be imagined simple bodies in respect of other bodies, compound and mixed of these Elements; every part taketh name of the whole, as every part of water, is water; and every part of fire, is fire: They be divisible into parts of divers forms, and of the commixion of them is made and engendered divers things of sundry kinds, as well things vegitative, as sensitive, rational or irrational, and every of these Elements hath & nourisheth therein living creatures, as the Salamander in our fire, which is but an imperfect element, because it is mixed with viscotious and earthy matter: the Chameleon in the air, which there also liveth, and Birds which there abide: the fish in the water, Moles and worms in the earth, and man and beast upon the earth: and you must know, that every body compounded of the four Elements, is elementary, not that they be Elements formerly, but virtually in mixed bodies. CHAP. FOUR Of the Elemental part of the World. IN the Elemental part of the world is contained the earth, the water, air, and fire, the superficial convexity of every one of these resting in the superficial concavity of the next superior Element; and therefore the earth hangeth in the concavity of the water; the water, in the concavity of the air, and the air in the concavity of the fire: even as you see the scales of onions one enclosed in another. Now for the earth, it is a round body like unto a ball, dark and solid without any concavity, hanging by the providence of God, fixed in the midst of the world, insomuch that if you were in any other part of the earth, you should be no nearer unto the heavens than you are in England; which moved the Philosophers to say: Stellae aequae distare à centro terrae, sive in Oriente, sive in Occidente, etc. And the Earth (as you shall perceive hereafter) is but a point in respect of the Heavens, and is by nature cold & dry. Next above the earth is the water, the earth hanging in the concavity thereof, they both indeed making but one round globe, as may appear by the eclipse of the Moon, the seas being bounded and limited by the earth, as may appear by Psal. 107, and job. 38. the water is of nature cold and moist, in compassing the superficial convexity whereof is the air, and is divided into three regions, the inferior, superior, and mean; the inferior is warm by reason of the reflection of the Sun beams reverberated and beateu back by the earth: the superior is hot by occasion of the proximity of the fire, and there Comets and fiery Meteors are engendered; the mean is coldest, as well by the remoteness of the fiery region, as also for that the reflection and reverberation of the sun beams cannot extend so far, and here all watery meteors are created, as snow and such like: but the Element of air of itself is warm and moist, hanging in the concavity of the fire, which is hot and dry, so that each Element hath qualities of the other by participation as the air doth participate with the fire in warmness, with the water in moistness, the earth with the water in coldness, and with the fire in dryness, so that two elements be extremely contrary, as the fire, warm and dry, is contrary to the water, cold and moist; and the air warm and most is contrary to the earth cold and dry, so that there is in every Element but one predominating quality, called the quality passive, because they be contrary amongst themselves and cannot consist in every Element, as the fire exceedeth in heat, the air in moistness, coldness in the water, and dryness in the earth; and what other qualities they have, cometh by participation: of the material virtue, and natural commixtion of which Element, all bodies perfect and unperfect (which are bodies mixed) are engendered: For you must know, that there is nothing in the world, but is compounded hereof as stones take most of the nature of the earth, metals of the slimy nature of the water, plants, herbs, and all living things take most of the air, and yet all these have part of the fire, and therefore some stones, as lime-stones and thunderbolts, take most of the fire, other stones more of the water then earth, as Crystal, Birrell, & Pearls, and other participate more of the air than earth, as such that will not sink, & so amongst metals, some participate more of one element then of another: as lead and silver of the earth; quicksilver of the water; copper of the air; and iron & gold of the fire: so may it be said of herbs and plants, the roots by their thickness participating most of the earth; the leaves by their moistness, of water; the blossoms for their lightness, of the air; and the seed by reason of the generative spirit, of the fire: so do all beasts participate more of one Element then another, as is said before: albeit some parts of them participate of the other Elements, as bones of the earth, flesh of the air, the spirit vital of the fire, and the humour of the water. Likewise the senses of man be attributed unto the four Elements, as the understanding to the fire, the reason to the air, the imagination to the water, & feeling to the earth. The like is of the outward senses, the sight is appropriated to the fire, for light is not without fire; the hearing to the air, as caused by the reverberation thereof; the smell to the water: for no smell is without moisture; and the touching to the earth. So be the acts of the body, and passions of the mind attributed to the elements; as moving slowly, to the earth: fear and sorrow, to the water: joy, grace and maintenance, to the air: anger, fury and unrest, to the fire, Let this suffice, lest I be tedious. CHAP. V Of the ethereal or Celestial part of the World. THe celestial part of the world, called of some the ethereal Region, or Quinta essentia, encompasseth and containeth in the concavity thereof, all the Elemental Region. And this celestial part hath in it the seven Planets, & their spheres, the starry Firmament, the Crystalline Heaven, the First Mover, and the Imperial Heaven, as shall follow. Of the first Heaven. The Philosophers had no knowledge of this Imperial Heaven: only the Scriptures teach us to believe the sane; and is called the Imperial Heaven, by reason of the clearness and resplendency: It is immovable, made by God, the first day he began his creation of the world, and by him immediately replenished with his ministers, the holy Angels: It is the foundation of the world. most fine and pure in substance, most round in shape, most great in quantity, most clear in quality, & most high in place, where (as it is thought) remaineth the humanity of Jesus Christ, and hath therein three Hierarchias, holy orders, or principalities, called: Epiphonia, Epiphonomia, and Euphumia; and these are called of some, supercoelestial, Celestial, and Subcoelestiall. Now the first hath in it three orders, as Seraphins, Cherubins, and Thrones: The first excelling in zealous love, the second in knowledge, and the third in justice. Epiphonomia hath likewise three orders, as Principalities, teaching inferiors duty to their superiors: Powers, chase away evil spirits, comforting such as fight in ghostly battle; and Dominations, teaching men how to behave themselves in spiritual conflicts. Lastly, Euphumia or Subcoelestiall hath also under it three lower orders, as Virtues for comforters, Archangels, showing miracles, and Angels working miracles: to conclude, here is the abundance of all goodness, and perfect felicity with the privation of evil. CHAP. VI Of the first Movable. Under the Imperial Heaven, is situate the First Movable, called Primum Mobile, containing all other inferior Spheres, and by his natural motion moveth from East to West, and to the East again in four and twenty hours, and by violence of this motion carrieth with him all the inferior Spheres, contrary to their proper motion, which is to the East; and many Philosophers think, that if this motion were not flackened by the contrary course of the inferior Spheres, that the frame of Heaven and Earth would be torn in pieces, and nothing prosper or remain, by reason of the violence thereof: This Heaven is puce and clear without stars. CHAP. VII. Of the Crystalline Heaven. THe Crystalline Heaven is also a clear substance, void of Stars, not subject to the sight, perlucid, transparent, and most slow in motion, moving (according to the succession of the signs) one degree in 100 years, and accomplishing a full revolution in 36000 years, but according to Alfonsus, in 49000 years. The reason why this heaven doth require so long a time, is because of the nearness thereof to the first Movable, which turneth this heaven & the rest about with him by a contrary motion, as is said, and therefore the nearer any Sphere is to the first Mover, the longer is he in accomplishing his revolution: This revolution of some is called Mag●nus annus Platonis, because when it was complete he thought all things should return to the estate they were at first. This Heaven is called of some the watery Heaven, by the authority of Scriptures, Gen. chap. 1. and in the Psalms: All the waters above the firmament, etc. CHAP. VIII. Of the Starry Heaven. THis Firmament is a most glorious heaven adorned & beautified with all the fixed stars, whose natural motion is upon two little circles, the one about the head of Aries, the other of Libra, whose diameters is 4 deg. 18 min. and 43 sec. and is called the motion of Trepidation; but indeed the motion of this heaven is thrée-fold: for first it turneth about from East to West in four and twenty hours, according to the diurnal motion: Next it moveth from West to East according to the 9 Heaven, and is called the motion of the Auges of the fixed stars; which Auges are points limiting the greatest distance of any Sphere from the centre of the world. The last is made by virtue of his own proper motion, as sometimes towards the South, and other times into the North, which is called Motus trepidationis, as is said: this Sphere maketh his whole revolution in 7000 years, and this motion sums time is called Motus, accessus, & recessus, only proper to the 8 Sphere, & in this sphere or heaven is the Zodiac, and all the rest of the circles in the material sphere imagined to be: And this 8 sphere, according to Albateginus is distant from the earth 19000 semidiameters. CHAP. IX. The course, colour, placing, magnitude, and distance of the seven Planets, with the thickness of their Spheres. Under and within the concavity of the starry Heaven is placed the Orb and Sphere of Saturn, & so the rest successively, which are known by their colour and magnitude: and if any one require to know why these spheres (being so many) are not subject to sight, but seem as one entire body: the reason is, for that they be Bodies perspicuous, clear and transparent. But to proceed. Saturn moving under the 8 sphere, is of a pale leaden colour, requiring 30 years to pass through the Zodiac, and is bigger than the earth 95 times, Albateginus saith but 79. Alfraganus saith 91. their diameters being as 9 to 2; & is distant from the earth 15800 semidiameters, but as Tycho Brache saith, 10550 semidiameters, and as the vulgar say, 237978 miles and a half, Saturn being from the firmament 120485 miles, so that the heaven of Saturn must contain in thickness 196044546/11 miles, otherwise it could not contain his star. jupiter is next under Saturn, fair and bright, ending his revolution in 12. years: according to Albateginus he appeareth as the 12. part of the Sun, and therefore is bigger than the earth 81 times, Alfrag. saith 95. others 91. their diameters being as 32. to 7. he is distant from the earth 10423. semidiameters, but which the vulgar 159357½ miles, whose heaven contains in thickness 18996546/11 miles, and is below Saturn 78721. miles. Mars, within the concavity of the sphere of jupiter, appears of a fiery colour, running his course in 2. years, appearing as the 20, part of the Sun, and therefore doth contain the whole magnitude of the earth once, and as Albateg. saith, a third part more: some say once and ten sixtéenes, others would have it twice, which is false: so that their diameters are as 7. to 6. Alfraganus puts Mars and the earth in a Sesquialter proportion, with an 8. part over, which is once and a half, and one 8. part. Mars is distant from the earth 4584. ferè semidiameters: but as the vulgar have said 80536½ miles, and his sphere is in thickness 26308800. miles, and is under jupiter 78721. miles. The Sun is placed in the middle of the planets, most clear & bright, the wellspring of pure light oculus mundi, anima & cor coeli, finishing his revolution every year, delighting (as a Giant) to run his course. And according to Ptolomeus Albateginus, and Alfraganus, he is 166¾ times bigger than the earth, so that their diameters beaye proportion, as 11 to 2. But Copernicus will have the Sun to be but 162 ferè more than the earth: so that their diameters areas 5 P. 27. M. to one. According to the first account, the Sun is distant hence, 1150 Semidiameters; but with the later, 1142 semidiameters; and as the vulgar say, it is from the earth to Sol 64811½ miles, his Heaven containing in thickness, 343996 4/11 miles: he being below Mars, 15725 miles. Venus, under the sphere of the Sun, doth appear very clear and shining; not three years past, being the Evening star, she was taken of many at first for a Comet: for indeed she is brighter than jupiter; ending her revolution as the Sun, from whom she cannot departed more than 48 degrees: so that going before the sun, she is called the Morning Star, and following the sun, the Evening Star: she appeareth as the 10 part of Sols diameter, and therefore is lesser than the earth 36 times, their diameters being as 10 to 3. Alfraganus would have the earth 28 times more than Venus, others 39, others 37. Tycho saith, 6⅙ times: she is from the earth 618 semidiameters, and as the vulgar say, 41374 miles, lying below the Sun, 23437½ miles, her Heaven being in thickness, 32744946/11 miles. Mercury, wandering under the sphere of Venus, appeareth somewhat shining, but not very bright, being never more than 29 degrees elongated from the Sun, and therefore seldom seen; his diameter showeth as the 15 part of the suns diameter, whereby we may gather, that he is less than the earth 19000 times: Alfraganus would have him 22000 at least: others 32000, others 3143 times less. But Tycho will have it but 19 times, and his diameter to be to the diameter of the earth, as 3 to 8. With the vulgar he is distant from the earth 28562 miles, and is below Venus 1282 miles: his Heaven containing in thickness, 253372⅔ miles. The lowest of all the Planets is the Moon, whose body is encompassed within the sphere of of Mercury, running over the whole Zodiacque in 27 days, 7 hours, 43 minutes, and near 6 seconds; she is lesser than the earth 39 times so that the body of the Sun contains the body of the Moon, 6540 ferè. Herewith agreeth Prolemaeus, Albategnius, and Alfraganus: But Copernicus will have the Moon 4.3 times less: so that (where with the former) their diameters be as 17 to 5, with Copernicus it is as 7 to 2, and therefore the body of the sun must exceed the body of the Moon 7000; of the vulgar she is said 15750 miles distant from the earth, with Tycho 60 semidiameters, whose heaven containeth 105222 2/33 miles, and is below Mercury 12812 miles. As touching these distances of the planets, you must know that it is meant when they be in their mean motion, neither in their Apogaeon, or Perigaeon: for than they be much further off, or far nearer unto us. CHAP. X Of the magnitude of the Sun and Moon, and the rest of the Planets, with their diameters, and distances from the Earth, in miles, according to Tycho Brahe: and of the magnitude of the fixed Stars, and other secrets concerning them. TYcho Brahe, a Dane (as by his works, and commendations of our sovereign Lord king james may appear) a diligent observer of the celestial bodies, doth much differ in their diameters, the magnitude of their bodies, and their distance from the earth, from all other ancient writers, as it shall appear by his demonstration of the suns magnitude. He first observed by a hollow instrument of 32 foot long, that the greatest apparent diameter of the sun, being in his Apogaeon, was 30 minutes, in his Perigaeon 32 minutes, and in his mean motion about the Equinoctial, or a little after, 31 minutes, rejecting utterly the opinion of Ptolemaeus and Copernicus, that affirm the apparent diameter of the sun in his Apogaeon, to be 31 minutes, 40 seconds, in Perigaeon near 34, and in his mean motion 32¾ minutes: Likewise for the distance of the sun from the earth in his mean motion, he rejects Ptolemaeus 1165 semidiameters, as too much, and Copernicus 1142 as too little, and jumps at the mean betwixt both, & so pronounceth the sun in his mean motion 1150 semidiameters from the earth, drawing thereby more near to a German, one Io. Franc. Offus. the would have the sun 576 whole diameters from the earth, which is 1152 semidiameters, having thus presupposed his apparent diameter in his mean motion 31 minutes, & accordingly his distance from the earth 1150 semidiameters: thus he demonstrates his Corpulency. astronomical diagram of sun and earth Now the Apparent diameter of the Moon in her mean motion, is 33. minutes, her distance 60 semidiameters: the diameter of the earth containing her diameter 3 2/4 2/9 times, so that their proportions are as 2 to 7. And thus briefly of these two Planets, whereby it may appear, that according to Tycho the diameter of the Sun contains the moons diameter 18 times, whereby the body of the Moon is less than the Sun, above 5848 times: so that the Sun, neither according to Prolemaeus, doth exceed the Moon more than 6000, nor yet according to Copernicus' 7000 times: and in conclusion, the Sun in his mean motion is distant from the earth 1150 semidiameters (as is said) in his Apogaeon in june, 1190. and in his Perigaeon but 1110 times, as in December. Now for the rest of the Planets according to Tycho take them thus briefly, lest I be tedious. Saturn in his mean motion is from the earth semid. 10550. his apparent diameter is M. 1. S. 5. containing the earth's diameter 2 9/●● ●●/● times, bearing proportion as 31 to 11, exceeding the earth 22 times: jupiter is from the earth 3990. semidiameters, his apparent diameter is M. 2¾, and in proportion to the earth's diameter, as 12 to 5, exceeding the earth but 14 times. Mars is distant from the earth 1745 semidiameters, his apparent diameter not all M. 2 wanting about one third part, therefore saith Tycho: Per cubicam numerationem terra aliquanto plùs quam tredeciès mart maior, that is less than the earth 13 times. The apparent diameter of Venus is 3⅓ M. her diameter being to the diameter of the earth, as 6 to 11: so that the body of Venus is less than the earth 6 times, and ¾, and distant as the Sun. Mercury his apparent diameter is 2⅙ M. which the ancient counted insensible, but Tycho saith, he being removed something from the Sun appeareth as a scar of the first magnitude: his diameter being to the earth's diameter, as 6 to 11, the corpulency of the earth exceeding him but 6¾ times and is distant as the Sun. By that which is said we may conclude for the common capacity, that the Planets be distant in miles according to T. Brahe from the centre of the earth, as followeth. The exact distance of the seven Planets from the earth, as they be in their mean motion, according to modern observation. Saturn is from the earth 9073000 miles. jupiter, 3431400 miles. Mars 1500700 miles. The Sun 989000 miles. Venus and Mercury in their mean motion be as the Sun, to which Copernicus also assenteth. The Moon. 48760 miles. Of the fixed Stars. The number of the fixed Stars, that the Astronomers take notice of, is 1025. But the Portugals have brought home news (by their voyages to India) of certain other constellations and Clouds near to the South pole; but those discoveries as yet be not held probable, chief for that Ptolemaeus, in respect of the place where he dwelled, with a little more travel, might have found them out, but did not. The stars in number be not infinite, as some'thinke, as may appear, Psal. 147. He counteth the number of the Stars, etc. And in Nahum, Chap. 3. ver. 16. Thou hast multiplied thy Merchants above the stars of heaven. Why the Stars seem fewest in Summer, and most in Winter. The reason is, because the predominating cold of the Winter is driven in Summer into the midst region of the air; where (by reason of the Antiperistasis, or circumstance of heat above and beneath) the air is so engrossed and thickened that our sight cannot pierce through the same, whereby the lesser stars appear not to the sight, whereas in winter the cold breaking forth, and dispersing itself, becometh more thin, and the air more pure, whereby we may see unto the stars, as through a transparent glass, or the light of the Sun, which obscureth the brightness of the Stars, never departeth far from us in Summer, leaving a mixture of his light above the Horizon, whereas in winter he is much depressed, for the darker the night, the brighter the stars, and the more appear, so the air be clear. And this is another cause. Of the magnitude of the Stars compared to the Earth. Amongst the number of the fixed stars, there be six magnitudes, and the least is bigger than the earth, as followeth. Stars of the first magnitude are to the globe of the earth, as 6859 to 64, their diameters being as 19 to 4, and therefore contain the globe of the earth 107 times, and ⅙ thereof, as the Heart of the Lion, Orion, the Goat, etc. Stars of the second magnitude, be to the globe of the earth, as 19465109 to 216000, their diameters being as 269 to 60, and therefore exceedeth the earth 90⅛ times, as the right side of Perseus, the right thigh of Pegasus, etc. Stars of the third magnitude be to the globe of the earth, as 15625 is unto 216, their diameters being as 25 to 6, exceeding the earth 72 ●/● times, as the Girdle of Andromeda, etc. Stars of the fourth magnitude, be to the globe of the earth, as 6859 is to 125. their diamemeters being as 19 to 5, containing the earth 54 times, as the North Asellus, the former and later of the Kids, etc. Stars of the fifth magnitude be to the globe of the earth as 1685159 is to 46656. their diameters being as 119 to 36, containing the earth 36⅛ times, as the third of the fourth in the left wing of Virgo, the right knee of Leo, etc. Stars of the sixth magnitude be to the globe of the earth, as 9261 is unto 512, their diameters being as 31 to 8, and therefore contain the globe of the earth 18 ●●/19 times. Of Constellations. A Constellation, called otherwise an Asterisme, is a representing of a lining creature, or some other thing (after a certain sort) as well for that the number of stars in that place represent the form of such a creature, or such a figure, as also for that these figures express some property of the stars that are in them. Of these Constellations, the number that be in all the heavens, be 48, whereof 21 be in the North, in the South 15, and in the Zodiac of the eighth sphere be 12, as Aries, Taurus, etc. But besides these constellations, there be some other more lately devised, as Antinous and Berenice's hair. Also the constéllations recounted by the Portugals, as the Cross, the Dove, the Triangle, and the little Clouds about the South pole. Of the twinkling of Stars. The stars do not twinkle, as we think they do, only our eyes be deceived by the motion of the air: for as the air hath one motion proper, that is upwards, so hath it another motion improper, caused by the revolution of the heavens every 24 hours, which draw all the airy region about therewith, by which means, the apparent form of the stars is distracted, seeming to cast forth sparkles, called twinkling, which we may well prove by a piece of silver in the bottom of a swift running river, or by looking upon the stars, which by reflection be seen in the same. But the Planets do not twinkle, because they be far more near unto us, whereby their beams be stronger, and less distorted, piercing strongly through the air, so that they shine clear without any twinkling: for the nearer any light is unto us, the stronger is the beam of the light that proceedeth from the same. What the stars be made of. The Stars be of the same matter as the Heaven is, wherein they be fixed, they be defined, Densior pars sui orbis, so that they be of the same matter, though far more thick, apt to receive and retain the light of the Sun, whereby they become subject to the sight: for let the light of a candle pierce through any hole upon the roof of some dark house, and the light of the same will appear, and make that part shining and subject to sight, whereas the contrary would happen in a light and perspicuous place: for the heaven itself is most pure and thin, and not visible, & therefore some think the milk-white circle in heaven called of Astronomers, Galaxia, is more visible than the rest of the heaven, Arist. saith, but untruly, that it is a Meteor; Others say, it is made by reason of the number of stars in that place, which confusedly mingle their light together, as Democritus: therefore understand a star to be of the same matter as his heaven is, being only the thickest part of his orb, which reflecting, not transmitting the beams of the Sun, cause him to be more shining and subject to sight. CHAP. XI. Of the 6 great Circles in Heaven, and the twelve Signs. MAN, with the pencil of imagination, hath traced out in the 8 sphere, 6 great circles, and also 4 dat: the great circles are, first the Horizon, which some call the Finitor, and is a great circle dividing the visible part of the heaven from the invisible: that is, the upper hemisphere from the lower. 2 The Meridian is a circle passing by the poles of the world, and the Vertical point, to which circle when the Sun cometh, above the earth it is noon, and under the earth, night, 3 The Equinoctial is a great circle dividing the sphere into two parts, and when the Sun is therein (which happeneth twice every year) the days and nights are equal through the world, unless with such that inhabit just under the Poles. 4 The zodiac is a great obliqne circle, 12 degrees broad, dividing the sphere into two equal parts, and crossing the Equinoctial in Aries and Libra, so that the part upon the North side the Equinoctial is called the North part, and the other between the Equinoctial and the South pole, the South moiety of the zodiac: In the midst of this broad circle is a line called the Ecliptic, or via Solis, for that the Sun and Moon be never eclipsed, but in that circle: so that there be 6 degrees upon the North side the line, and other 6 upon the South side the Ecliptic, which is called North and South Declination, further than which the Sun departs not North or South, being bounded with the tropics. This circle is called Zodiacus à 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, which is vita, because according to the motion of the Planets under the same, life is given unto all inferior creatures, or it is called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Zodion, which is Animal, because it is divided into 12 equal parts, every part being called a sign, and have the name of some one living creature or other, agreeing to the nature of those parts, or by reason of the disposition of the fixed stars, agreeing to the nature of those beasts: with the Latines it is called Signifer, quia sert signa, or because it is divided into them. Arist. in Lib. 2. de Generatione & Corruption, calleth it Circulus obliquus, where he saith, that according to the access and recess of the Sun in this obliqne circle, all generation and corruption is made in these inferiors: the which signs with their characters follow. 1 Aries ♈. 2 Taurus ♉. 3 Gemini II. 4 Cancer ♋. 5 Leo ♌. 6 Virgo ♍. 7 Libra ♎. 8 Scorpio ♏ 9 Sagitarius ♐. 10 Capricornus ♑. 11 Aquarius ♒. 12 Pisces ♓. Of which 12 signs the first 6 be called Northern, the other Southern, the Astronomers do also divide some into Ascendants, as from Capricorn to the end of Gemini, Others into Descendants; as from the beginning of Cancer, to the end of Sagitarius: some again be Vernal, as Aries, Taurus, and Gemini: some Estivall, as Cancer, Leo, Virgo: some Autumnal, as Libra, Scorpio, Sagitarius: and some Hiemall, or Brumal, as Capricorn, Aquarius, and Pisces, which signify the 4 quarters of the year: the first compared to sanguine, and attributed to childhood; the second choler, attributed to youth; the third melancholy, attributed to elder age; and the last phlegm, attributed unto old age. Also some are of the fiery Triplicity, as Aries, Leo, Sagitarius; some of the earthly Triplicity, as Taurus, Virgo, Capricorn; some of the airy triplicity, as Gemini, Libra, Aquarius; and some of the watery Triplicity, as Cancer, Scorpio, and Pisces. Some again are movable, others fixed, others common: Some likewise be Oriental, some Meridional, some Occidental, & some Septentrional, some diurnal, some Nocturnal, some Masculine, & others seminine, as shall appear in their proper natures. 5 & 6. The Colours are two great circles movable and passing by the poles of the world, whose office is to distinguish the Solstitials and Equinoctials, they be called Colours a 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 with the Greeks', which is Membrum, and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, which is Bos sylvester, because the tail of a wild beast being erected (which is a member) doth make a semicircle yet unperfect: or as Schola interprets it, A 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 with the Greeks', or 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, the first, syllable being short, à 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, which is Mutilum, mancum, unperfect, or maimed, and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, which is Cauda the tail, because they appear unperfect, or maimed, being never seen all at once to us, but as it were the tail or some part cut off: these two circles, the one pass by the beginning of Cancer and Capricorn, appointing the Summer and Winter Solstitials: the other by the beginning of Aries and Libra, coequating the days and nights, and cross one the other with tied spherical angles upon the poles of the world, and these 4 times are expressed in these 2 verses. Hac duo Solstitium faciunt: Cancer, Capricornus: Sed noctes aequant Aries, & Libra diebus. CHAP. XII. Of the four lesser Circles in Heaven. THese circles be called lesser circles, because they divide not the sphere into two equal parts, as the great circles do, and they be four in number, called the two Polar circles, and the two tropics, of which Polar circles, the one is called the Arctique, the other the Antarctique, both being made by the conversion of the Poles of the Ecliptic, so that they be always distant as far from the poles of the world, as the suns greatest declination from the Equinoctial cometh to, which is 23 degrees 28 minutes: the Arctique taketh his name of Arctos, which is the Bear, whose one forefoote doth also describe this circle. This circle is also called Septentrional, of Septentrio, which signifies 7 Oxen, represented by the 7 stars in the lesser Bear. The tropics take their names from the Greeks' also, a 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, which is conversio, or 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, which with Cicero lib. 2. de natura Deor. is Reversio, so that taking the Tropic from Tropos, it is a conversion or reversion of the Sun, because being in either of these circles, he always turneth again towards the Equinoctial. CHAP. XIII. Of Time. TIme is the measurer of motion, and (as Armandus saith) of Rest and Quietness, containing three parts; Past, Present, and to Come: Time present, called (Nunc) being a moment indivisible, or the least part of Time, and yet the beginner and ender of time: even as a point is the least part of a line, and yet beginneth and endeth the same; for Nunc (now, this instant) doth knit Tempus praeteritum, & futurum, ending time past, and beginning time to come. There is also a space or time, called Seculum. An age in English, being an hundred years: at the end of which time, in Rome they were used to celebrate Plays, called Ludi seculares. There is another space of time, containing a thousand years, called Aewm, being ten Ages; But johannes de sacro Bosco, divides the lesser parts of time into five parts, as Quadrants, the fourth part of the day, or six hours, an hour being the 24 part of a natural day; 2 Punctus in the suns account the 4 part of an hour, in the Moons the 5 part; 3 Momentum, the 10 part of Punctus; 4 Vncia the 12 part of Momentum, and the last is Atomos, the 44 part of Vncia. CHAP. XIIII. Of the day both Natural and Artificial, and their divers beginnings. THe day is of two sorts, Natural and Artificial, the Natural day is the space of 24 hours, in which time the Sun is carried by the first Mover, from the East into the West, and so round about the world into the East again. The Artificial day continues from Sun rising to Sun setting, and the Artificial night is from the suns setting to his rising. And you must note that this natural day, according to divers, hath divers beginnings, as the Romans count it from midnight to midnight, because at that time our Lord was borne, being Sunday, and so do we account it for fasting days. The Arabians begin their day at Noon, and end at Noon the next day: for because they say the Sun was made in the Meridian, and so do all Astronomers account the day, because it always falleth at one certain time. The Vmbrians, the Tuscan●, the jews, the Athenians, Italians, and Egyptians, do begin their day at sun set, and so do we celebrate festival days. The Babylonians, Persians, and Bohemians, begin their day at sun rising, holding till sun setting, and so do our Lawyers count it in England. The Physicians divide the day into 4 quarters, the first is from the 9 hour of the night to the 3 hour of the day, warm and moist, moving to sanguine. The second is from the 3 hour of the Artificial day, to the 9 hour, warm and dry, increasing choler. The third is from the 9 hour to the 3. hour of the night, cold and dry, begetting melancholy. The fourth is from the 3 hour of the night, to the 9 again, cold and moist, causing phlegm. joannes de sacro Bosco divides the Artificial day thus into 4 quarters, calling the first Rubens, the second Splendens, the third urens, & the fourth Tepens, whereupon the sun is feigned to have 4 horses, Eous, Lampas, Pyrois, & Phlegon. The jews began at sun rising, and so divided the Artificial day into 4 quarters, alloting to every quarter 3 hours, whereby also they divided the day Artificial into 12 equal parts, calling every part an hour, and beginning at sun rising: so that 12 a clock, or high noon, was their 6 hour, and sun set their 12 hour: so that where the Scriptures say: The Ague left him the seventh hour, that is, at one a clock; so the labourers the came into the Vineyard at the 11 hour, came at five of the clock: but by this 5 a clock is meant the hour of the Artificial day, and not the Natural day, the which is known according to the time of the year: for the Artificial day is done some time of the year before 5, as in the 25 Chapter. CHAP. XV. Of the names of the Days, and their Etymology. THe jews call their first day Sabbatum, the next, Prima Sabbati, the next, secunda Sabbati, etc. according as is written: Manè prima Sabbati surgens Dei filius: that is, the first day after the Sabbath, which is our Sunday, upon which day the Romans (calling the Planets Gods) began their account, calling the first the day of the Sun, the next of the Moon, the next of Mars, the next of Mercury, the fifth of jupiter, the sixth of Venus, and the last of Saturn, still skipping to the third Planet, because the 24 hours in the Artificial day and night, are given to the 7 Planets successively: so that if Sol rule the first hour upon Sunday, (as he must, because it is his own day) than Venus hath the next, and so proceed, giving every of the 24 hours a Planet in true succession, & you shall find, that the 24 hour, which beginneth Monday, falleth to the Moon; therefore if any day be denominated by any one planet, the next day following taketh denomination of the third Planet next following, which order after the Christians observed. And you shall note, that a day in Latin, called Dies, is so called, a 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, which is Clarus, or a 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, which is Duo, because the natural day is divided into 2 parts, to wit, into Day, & Night: or it may be called Dies, à Dijs: for the Planets be called Dij, (Gods) whereof the days take their names. Nox, the Night, is so called, à Noceo, noces, because it is Tempus nocentibus aptum, a fit time to do hurt and mischief. CHAP. XVI. Of the Week. A Week hath divers names, in Latin it is called Septimana, à Septem and Mane, as it were, having septem Matutina tempora, seven mornings: And so pars is taken pro toto. It is also called Hebdomada, ab 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, which is septem, as containing seven days. It is also called Sabbatum by the jews, and therefore it is said in Scripture, jeiuno bis in Sabbato, etc. whereby Sabbatum is Aequivocum ad totam septimanam. And you must note, that the jews Sabbath day was Saturday, but the Christians observed Sunday for to begin their week, because on that day our Lord was borne, rose, and sent his holy Ghost upon his Apostles. CHAP. XVII. Of a month, Solar, and Usual. OF Months there be three kinds, Solar, Lunar, and Usual. The Solar month is the space of time that the Sun runneth through one sign of the Zodiac, being 30 days. The Usual month is the number of days according as they be in our Calendar, and amongst the Latins, Romulus' first distinguished the months, dividing the year into 10 months, because in that time a woman might bring forth a child, or because (during that time) it was not fit for a woman to marry after the death of her husband. The first month he called Martius, à mart, of Mars his Father, or rather of Mars in respect of war, because as then the Roman Kings were used to proceed in expeditions: for it is rather thought that Amulius was Romulus his Father. then Mars, Amulius being his uncle. The next month he called April, ab Aperiendo, because then the poares of the earth opened. The third is May, à Maioribus: the fourth junius, à junioribus. The rest of the months were called Quintilis, Sextilis, September, October, November, and December, because they were 5 6, etc. months distant from March. But after, Numa Pompilius added, two more months, to make them twelve, calling the one january, à janua, because as you pass per januam in atrium: so per januarium in annum: or of janus, the God of Merchandise, who having two faces, so january hath two respects, the one to the year past, the other to the year to come. The other month he called February, à Februo: that is, a Plutone, because then the Romans offered sacrifice to Pluto, and the infernal Gods, for the souls of their ancestors: or it is called February, à Febre, because as then in warm regions, men were accustomed, Febricitare, that is, to be sick of an Ague: so also may September be said, quasi septimus ab imbre, which is à Tempore plwioso. And to these months he gave some 30 days, others 31 days orderly: so that when he came to january he wanted a day, which he took from February, which he restored again in the Leap-year. Then cometh julius Caesar, and altereth the month Quintilis to july, calling it after his name: for that he was borne in that month. After whom cometh Augustus, and calleth the month Sextilis Augustus, after his own name; and grudging that his month August should have lesser days in it then Caesar's month, he taketh another day from February, adding the same to August, and thereby left February but 28 days, whereby he did disorder the days of the month, that before did consist of 30 and 31 days successively, making july, August, and September have 31 days altogether, and February but 28 days: wherefore to avoid this inconvenience, he was forced to take a day from September, giving it to October, & another from November for December. The which ordination of the months, and position of days, is used to this present time, according to these verses: Sep. No. jun. Ap. dato triginta: reliquis magic uno: Nisit bissextus, februus minor esto duobus. Which is, Thirty days hath September, April, june, and November: The rest have thirty and one, Save February alone. Which month hath but eight and twenty mere, Save when it is Bissextile, or Leap-year. CHAP. XVIII. Of the Lunar month, and the diversities thereof. OF Months joan. de sacro Bosco noteth 4 kinds, as the month of Peragration, of Apparition, Medicinal, and the month of Consecution. The month of Peragration is a space of time containing days 27, hours 7, minutes 43, seconds 7, thirds 15, fourth's 36, fifths 55. In which space the Moon runneth through the 12 signs of the Zodiac, and is called of some a year, of which years it is not much for one to live 1000: for 80 Solar years make as many within 40. But this month is accomplished certain minutes sooner or later, according to her swift or slow motion. The second is the month of Aparition consisting of 28 days, vulgarly divided into four weeks. The month Medicinal containeth (according to Galen) 26 days and a half, and is also divided into 4 weeks. The last is the month of Consecution, being a space of time that the Moon departing from conjunction with the Sun, passeth round about the circls of the Zodiac, returning to the point where she left the Sun, finishing her month of Peragration, but finding the Sun not there, because he is carried by his own proper motion near one sign further, she is forced to spend two days, 4 hours, 44 I. 3 II. and 16 III. to overtake the Sun, before she can come into conjunction again: so that this month is produced unto 29 days and a half, etc. and is called the month of Consecution: for that the Moon prosecutes to overtake the Sun. CHAP. XIX. Of the Lunar Year, both Common and Extraordinary. OF Lunar years there be two kinds, the one is called in Latin Annus Communis, the other Embolismalis. The common Lunar year is the space of 12 Moons (not Months) or changes, which the Latins call Lunations, it is called the common year Lunar, in respect of his accord with the Solar year: for as the one contains 12 Moons Lunar: so the other consisteth of 12 months Solar, the one having 365 days, the other 354 days; (but in both there is omission of fractions) so that the Solar year exceeds the common Lunar year, 11 days, of which the Epact is made. The year called Annus Embolismalis, is a space of 13 Moons, containing 384 days, so that this year exceedeth the common Lunar year 30 days, & the Solar year 19 days, it is called Embolismus ab Embolismo, as Bissextilis is à Bis sex, Sacro Bosco castles it Embolismus ab 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, which is quiddam insertum. CHAP. XX. Of the Solar year, and the Etymology thereof. THe Astronomers make many divisions of this Solar year, which are not much needful to be known, in respect of this Treatiss. To be therefore short, the Solar year is a space of time that the Sun by his proper motion departing from some point in the Ecliptic, returneth to the same place again: and this year Solar is either Astronomical, or Poetical; the Astronomical year is either Tropical, or sidereal; and the Tropical year is either Equal or Unequal. The Tropical year taketh his beginning from the Vernal Equinox, containing 365 days, 5 hours, 49 minutes, 15 seconds, and 46 thirds, but the unequal or apparent Tropical year contains sometime more, as 365 days, 5 hours, 56 minutes, 53 seconds, and 1 third; and other times less, as 365 days, 5 hours, 42 minutes, 38 seconds, and 27 thirds: And this unequality is made by the unequal precession of the Equinoctial points. The Egyptians wanting the use of letters, set forth the year like an Adder eating her own tail: so that it may be said, Annus ab Anguis a Snake; we may depaint the year by a King, in respect they both turn round in themselves: so may it be called Annus from Annulus, a King: for a motion in a King finished, beginneth again without end, and therefore Virgil Atque in se sua per vostigia voluitur Annus. Some call a year, Annus ab innovatione, because the strength and virtue of all vegetable things is renewed, and are passed over by the course of time: It is called Annus ab An, which is Circum, and eo in, by reason of the foresaid revolution of Time. CHAP. XXI. Of the julian year, or our vulgar year, and of the Leap-yeare, and the cause thereof, with the divers beginnings of years. IVlius Caesar, anno mundi, 3925.45 years before the birth of Christ, and the year before his bloody death noting the falseness of the year then used, by the Council of Sosigenes, an excellent mathematician, made the year to consist of 365 days and 6 hours, and because it would be very difficult to computate these 6 hours every year: for should you begin this year at 12 of the clock and 6 hours, it must end the next year at 12 and 6 hours, and the next year following would end at midnight, etc. So that we should drive the beginning of the year every 4 years a day further, without the getting of a day: so that in 124 years, the Annunciation of Mary would fall to be where Saint Mark Evangelist is, or a day sooner. To avoid which inconvenience Caesar concluded, that at every four years there should be a day gotten by the surplus of the 6 hours in every year: for 4 times 6 make 24 hours, which day he added to February, for that it is the shortest month, and according to the ancient, and also according to our Church's account, the last month; and this day they put at the 25 of February, so that the letter F is twice repeated, Saint Mathias day being observed upon the later, according to the verse Bissextum sextae Martis tenuere Calendae, Posteriore die celebrantur festa Mathiae. So that the julian year is twofold, as julian and Bissextill, it is called Bissextill, of bis and sex, because the 6 Kalends of March is twice repeated: so may it be called Annus intercalaris, because of the day that is put between: so may February in that respect be called Mensis intercalaris, and so may the 25 of February, that year, be called Dies intercalaris. But since the Romans have found that this julian year was too great, and by help of Antonius Lilius, they have abated the quantity of the year, making it to consist of 365 days, 5 hours, 49 minutes, and 12 seconds, whereby their account in the celebration of the festival days, and of the times of the year, differeth 11 days from ours, as in my Calendar; and yet is neither of these accounts precisely true, by occasion of the unequal precession of the Equinoctial points, of which here is no place to speak. By this that is said, in the Chapters before, you may gather that a week hath seven days, or 168 hours; a month 4 weeks, 30 days, or 720 hours (I speak of Solar months;) and a year 52 weeks, 12 months, 365 days, or 8760 hours: But the leap year hath 366 days, or 8784 hours, wanting indeed, according unto true calculation 47 minutes, and 12 seconds, and so much doth every four years differ from our julian year, which is 11 minutes, and 48 seconds every year. And you must note, that according unto divers men, the year hath divers beginnings, which some call Aera; Numa Pompilius did begin the year at the Hyemall Solstitial, because as then the Sun began to ascend. Romulus began the year at the Equinoctial of March, because as then all things began to flourish, all trees and plants to bud, etc. The Arabians begin their year at the Estivall Solstitial, because they are of opinion that the Sun was made in Leo. Some let their year take beginning at the Autumnal Equinoctial. The Egyptians count from the death of Nabuchadonozor; the Persians from jezdegird, the Arabians or Moors, from the preaching of Mahomet, who was after the birth of Christ, 626 years. The Astronomers begin their year the first of january, and so do we take it vulgarly in England: But the Church of England, and the date of all writings, and such like, hath their year to begin upon the 25 day of March. The jews began their year after two sorts, viz, for feasts in March, and for other affairs in September: And so must we understand Ezechiel, chap. 40. vers. 1. The Spaniards did reckon their year for tributes, and all other payments, from the Emperor Octavian, until King john altered it to the Nativity of our Lord; and you shall note that it was 500 years after the birth of Christ, that the Christians did begin their year at the Annunciation of Mary. CHAP. XXII. Vulgar errors reform. I Told you before in what time the Sun did finish his course through the 12 signs of the zodiac, and here you must know further, that he hath three motions, as slow, being in Apogaeon, or his greatest Eccentricity, and then goeth not above 57 minutes, 18 seconds in 24 hours, and sometime but 56 minutes, 43 seconds. Swift, being in Perigaeon, or nearest the earth, and then may go one degree, 1 minute, and 43 seconds in 24 hours: and his mean motion, at what times he passeth 59 minutes, and 8 seconds in 24 hours, by occasion whereof divers things happen contrary, as the vulgar take it, as there be more days by about 10 from the Equinoctial of March unto the Equinoctial of September, then there is from the Equinoctial of September to the Equinoctial of March. By occasion of this diversity of the suns motion, the vulgar be also much deceived, that say that the days do lengthen and shorten one hour every 15 days, which is false, indeed from the 11 of March unto the 27 of April that proportion is true: but then from the 27 of April it must be to the 17 day of May, which is 20 days before the day be an hour longer, and then from the 17 of May (at what time the day is 16 hours long in the latitude of 52 degrèes, and 20 minutes) unto the 12 of june, which is 26 days, the day doth but lengthen half an hour and 3 minutes. The like it doth in shortening. Another error do they run into concerning the Dog-days, wherein the old Computation was much to blame, in pretending a certainty for the beginning of them the 6 of july, and ending the 17 of August, which is false, as I noted in my Almanac 1607: But as there, so also in this Calendar shall they be truly placed: the effect of the Star Plin. reporteth, lib. 1. chap. 40. of his Natural History. Another error most run into, concerning the primeing of the moon: for it is not (as they suppose) always upon the 5 day, it contains a half quarter of that Moon, & happeneth she being 3 days and 18 hours old, being then 4 points of the compass to the Eastward of the Sun. Also you shall note that when the horns of the Moon hang perpendicular one over the other, than the Moon is 90 degrees of the Ecliptic above the Horizon; if the upper horn incline more into the East than the lower horn doth, than she is short of 90 degrees: but if the upper horn be more into the West, the Moon is more than 90 degrees of the Ecliptic from the Horizon: but this is not meant degrees of altitude, taken instrumentally. CAAP. XXIII. Of the Kalends, Nones, etc. And what they be. YOu must know that in every month there be three principal days, which (as the Romans pleased) gave denomination to all the rest of the days in the year, and they be called Kalends, Nones, and Ideses. The Kalends be the first day of every month, from which the days are accounted backwards, calling the next day in this regression, Pridiè Calendas, as the last of March is Pridiè Calendas Aprilis; they were called Kalends, or Calendae, as it were Colendae, because in old time they were used to sanctify the first day of every month in honour of juno: and therefore Ovid said: Vendicat Ausonias junonis cura Calendas. Or they be called Kalends of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Calo, which is voco, to call, because the first day of every month the Pontifex minor standing in an eminent place of the City, did make 4 calls or more, according to the number of days, that the Fairs, called Nundinae, should endure: & therefore in the plural number they be called Calendae, as it were calls. Or they may be called Kalendae, Kalends, a 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, which is Bonum, because the first day of every month one friend was accustomed mutually to give certain gifts or presents to another, to the end that all the month following, there might happen to them bonum omen. Now the Nones be certain days placed in every month, whereof the most hath but 6, and the month that hath least, 4. they begin at the Ideses, and end at the Kalends: they take their name (as some say) of Non, because during that time, the Romans sanctified no day to their God, as may appear by Ovid: Nonarum tutela Deo caret, etc. Or they might be called Nove, by reason of the renovation of their images every month: or they are called Nonae, à Nundinis, which is Fairs, or markets, because the number of Nones, limited the duration thereof in every month. Lastly, about the midst of every month there be certain days called Ideses, which is (as it were) Divisions: for they divide every month into 2 parts, and are a number of 8 days, which in every month (according to the order of days in our Calendar) follow the Nones, according to the verse. Octo tenent Idus menses generaliter omnes. But some months have more Nones than others, as in the verse. Mar. Ma. lul. Oct. senas, reliquis dato bis duo Nonas. Therefore if you take all the Nones and Ideses, of every month, and add them together, substracting the whole from the number of days in the month, then is the remainder the number of Kalends in that month; and as there is Pridiè Kalendas, so there is Pridiè Nonas, and Pridiè Idus. And you must know, that amongst the ancient Astronomers, there be certain unfortunate days in every month, the which in many matters they held ominous and fatal: but of the truth thereof let them judge that are observers thereof; only I will set them down, lest of some the book be condemned for their absence, and in such sort as no one as yet hath observed. CHAP. XXIIII. Of the infortunate and fatal days of the year, as also of the good and happy days. IAnuary the 1.2.4.5.10.15.17.19. February the 8.10. and the 17. March the 15.16. and the 19 April the 16. and 21. Not so evil the 7.8.10.20. May the 7.11.20. Not so bad the 3. and 5. june the 4. and 7. Not so evil. 10.15.22. july the 15.20. August the 19.20. These not so bad, 1.29. and 30. September the 6 and 7. Not so bad, the 3.4.21.22. October the 5. Not so bad, the 3.16.24. November the 15.19. Not so bad 5.6.28.29. December the 6.7.9. Not so evil the 15.17.22. Furthermore, Astrologers will have in every Moon 2 infortunate days, wherein they recount it most unhappy to begin or undertake any kinds of worldly affairs, and they repute them right perilous many ways else, the which days follow. In january the 3 and 4 day of the new Moon. February the 5 and 7. March the 6 and 7. April the 5 and 8. May the 8 and 9 june the 5 and 15. july the 3 and 13. August 8 and 13. September 8 and 13. October 5 and 12. November the 5 and 9 December the 3 and 13. Again, there be six most infortunate days chosen out of the whole year by some, wherein they advertise no man to bleed, because of great danger of death: and for that the effects of the Constellations work most wonderful to death, and otherwise be right unfortunate: It is therefore very ill to have a child borne in them, for fear of an evil death; and bad and unhappy they be in other human affairs, as the ancients teach, and they be. january the 3 day. july the 1. October the 2. April the 30. August the 1. and the 31. Moreover, in every month there were two days which were called Aegri, mali, & Aegyptiaci, they be called Aegri, ab effectu, because, according to the opinion of many, if any fell sick in any of these days, they should hardly or never escape it: They be called Mali, because it was nought to begin any kind of work, by reason of the evil affections of the Constellations: They be called Aegyptiaci, because they were invented of the Egyptians: and they do also note unto us the 10 plagues of Egypt in these verses: Sanguis, rana, culex, muscae paruae, pecus, ulcus; Grando, locustae, nox, mors, prius orta necant. Blood, frogs, lice, flies, all cattle lost their breath, Plague, hail, locusts, night, no man scaped death. Now these infortunate days were noted always in the Roman Calendar, notwithstanding the inhibition of Augustine, saying: Calendas mensium, & dies Aegyptiacoes, non obseruetis. But yet to satisfy all, take them in the ensuing verses. Armis Gunfe. Dei Kalatos, Adamare dabatur. Linamemor, Constans gelidos, Infancia quosdam. Omne limen, Aaron bagis, Concordia laudat. Chije linkat, Ei Coëquatae, Gearcha Lifardus. Of the words in these four verses, every two serve for one month, the first standing for january: If therefore you desire to know the first of the two former fatal days in any month, count so many days from the beginning of the month descending, as the first letter in the first word is distant from A inclusively, according to the Alphabet, & where that number ends, there is the fatal day; as in April L. (beginning Lixa) is the 10 letter in the Alphabet, therefore the 10 day is fatal, and according to the number of the first letter (in the order of the Alphabet) of the second syllable, the said hour of that said day is vehemently to be suspected. But to have the second fatal day of the month, you must reckon so many days from the last day of the month ascending, as the number of that first letter of the second word, for that month, cometh unto in the order of the Alphabet, as in April M. for Memor, is the 11 letter in the Alphabet, therefore the 11 day before the last of April is a fatal day which is the 19 day of April, and so as before, the first letter of the second syllable doth show the most infortunate hour, according to the number thereof in the Alphabet, & you must note, that H in this account is taken for no letter. Again, there be certain unfortunate & bad days in the year, called Dog-days, as before is remembered. Likewise through England, the 28 of December, being Innocents' day, is called Crosse-day, and so is it accounted every week. There be other days recounted in a little foolish book, called the Book of Knowledge, taken according to the course of the Moon, as thus: The first day of the Moon Adam was made, & that he counteth a fortunate day, but it is false: for Adam was not made the first day of the Moon; for the fourth day of the creation was the Sun & Moon made, and Adam the 6 day: so that the Moon was made 2 days before Adam, & what virtue should the moon receive by the creation of Adam. The like error is upon the 2 day of the moon for Eve, & so of the rest, which since their errors is apparent, they be better omitted the repeated & for the truth of the rest I commend to your experience. And you must note that there be other days infortunate and evil, caused by the motions of the stars & planets and by the aspects of the Moon to the rest of the 6 planets, as in the ensuing table is compendiously to be seen. A Table of the moons Aspects to Conjunction Sextile. Quadrat. Trine. Opposition Saturn An infortunate day; journey not to princes converse not with old men, fly husbandmen, & Rural labourers. joune with rural people, till the earth, plant trees, vines, & such like: But do not seek the love of women. Confer not with Princes & aged men, abstain from physic and journeys, seek not thy desire. Accompany rural people, repair thy house, plant vines, and till thy ground. Entertain no servant, begin, nor undertake no kind of thing. jupiter. A fortunate day; Go unto great men, and Rulers expect good council, and justice. Accompany Lawyers, and Ecclesiastical men, read law and statutes. Study Philosophy, and you may entreat of Law matters, as judgements, etc. Begin all honest works, repair & seek to Kings, Prelates, & judges, it is good to meet them. Take thy journey, it is good to meet with persons Ecclesiastical. Mars. An infortunate day; Take no journey, avoid Soldiers and warfaring men. Buy weapons & horses for war, take journey toward war, deal with Alchemy, & fire works. A day of fear, beware of contention, the peace & truce shall not hold. Dispose of all things necessary for war, buy horses of war, make experience in alchemy Take no journey, hire no servant, seek no love of women, avoid company of any Sol. Begin nothing, but what thou wouldst should be kept close and secret. Repair to Kings, Princes, etc. Effect thy business, expect the office and dignity sought. Take heed of princes and great men: for this day is to be shunned in all affairs. Give gifts to Kings & great men, ask and have, a league betwixt kings shall hold. Come not before great men avoid this day in all thy affairs as most infortunate. Venus. Days of preasure; put on new apparel, seek the Love of women, now they be tractable, ask & have. Good to seek love of women, take a wife, women be fond. Hire thy servant, days of sport, put on new apparel, and take a wife. Comb thy hair, seek the love of women, set thy children to school, put on new apparel, in all let not the ☽ be in Leo Hire servants, take thy journey, proceed in matrimony, it is a day of pleasure and content. Mercury. Begin Calculations and writings, exercise merchandise, let th● Ambassador, or Messenger proceed. Writ Letters, seek Offices●, set children to school, accompanying wittmen, and Singers. Let Ambassadors, Messengers, or posts proceed journey, excellent to buy or sell. Poets be busy, make verses, exercise thy things witty, let thy Children go to school. Accompany Penne-men, send messengers, take a journey, exercise the Mathematics. And you must not, that that fortunate planets be jupiter & Venus; that infortunate & wicked are Saturn and Mars; the indifferent be Sol, Mercury, & Luna. So that the Conjunction of the good, is good; of the evil, had; and of the indifferent, indifferent, excepting the Sun and Moon. Also the good in Conjunction with that bad, is bad; the good with the mean is indifferent, and the bad with the mean is bad. Certain days of the year be also good or bad, according to the place of the Moon in the heavens, and those places be called Mansions, as in the Table, according to which the temperature and quality of the day is much altered. A Table of the Mansions of the Moon for this Age. man.. Beginning of every Mansion. Quality. The Elections. S D M 1 ♈ 27 53 Temperate journey, take physic, especially l●xatiues. 2 ♉ 10 45 Temperate or dry. journey by water, sow, plant, etc. Do not purge or vomit. 3 ♉ 23 37 Very moist. Make Merchandise, buy cattle, do not Navigate. 4 ♊ 6 29 Cold &; moist. most cold. Plant, sow seeedes, etc. Bad for marriages, and voyages by water. 5 ♊ 19 21 dry. Voyage, treat of marriage, set children to school, take medicines. 6 ♋ 2 13 Temperate. Apt to war, bad to sow seeds, plant, etc. 7 ♋ 15 5 moist. Apt to till the earth, and to journey, etc. 8 ♋ 27 57 Cloudy and temperate. journey, specially by water, take physic, best in pills. 9 ♌ 10 49 dry. Good to Navigate, otherwise bad in all things. 10 ♌ 23 41 moist. Good for marriage, bad to journey, good to plant or build. 11 ♍ 6 32 Temperate something cold Sow, plant, deliver prisoners, leave laxative medicines. 12 ♍ 19 35 moist. Plant, sow, marry, bad to Navigate only. 13 ♎ 2 17 Temperate. journey, Navigate, sow, plough, contract Matrimony. 14 ♎ 25 9 Temperate. Sow plant, take physic, bad to journey, and marry a widow. 15 ♎ 28 1 Moist. Dig pits, delve, ill to voyage and marry. 16 ♏ 10 53 Moist and cold. Infortunate and bad. 17 ♏ 23 45 Moist Buy beasts, seek to Widows, bad to Navigate. 18 ♐ 6 37 Dry. Build, sow, plant, sail, ill in marriage. 19 ♐ 19 29 Moist. Warfare, besiege a Town, plant, sow, journey, Navigate. 20 ♑ 2 21 Temperate Buy cattle, hunt wild beasts, bad for Marriage. 21 ♑ 15 13 Temperate, Lay foundations, build, sow, seek to Prince or Magistrate, marry not. 22 ♑ 28 5 Moist. Take physic, Navigate, marry not. 23 ♒ 10 57 Temperate. Take physic, journey, ill to marry, or lend. 24 ♒ 23 49 Temperate. Led thy Army to battle, marry, sow, medicine, voyage not. 25 ♓ 6 41 Dry. journey towards midday, or sun set, best for strife, lay foundations. 26 ♓ 19 43 Dry. A most fit day for physic, in all other affairs bad. 27 ♈ 2 25 Moist. Plant, sow, use Merchandise, but do not Navigate. 28 ♈ 15 17 Temperate. Sow, use Merchandise, marry, take physic, do not lend or voyage. CHAP. XXV. To find what Planet doth reign any hour in the year, and how long he reigneth. TO go briefly to work, resolve the hours of the day into minutes, by multiplying them by 60, adding to the product the odd minute, the total then divided by 12, doth tell you how long a planet doth reign: The like for the night. But for the more ease behold the ensuing Table. A Table of the Inequal, Temporal, or Planetary hours for every day and night in the year. Horae Diei Horae Noct. Horae Diei. Horae Noct. Horae Diei. Horae Noct. Horae Diei. Horae Noct. Horae Diei. Horae Noct. 0 12 24 36 48 H M H M H M H M H M H M H M H M H M H M 0 35 1 25 0 36 1 24 0 37 1 23 0 38 1 22 0 39 1 21 0 40 1 20 0 41 1 19 0 42 1 18 0 43 1 17 0 44 1 16 0 45 1 15 0 46 1 14 0 47 1 13 0 48 1 12 0 49 1 11 0 50 1 10 0 51 1 9 0 52 1 8 0 53 1 7 0 54 1 6 0 55 1 5 0 56 1 4 0 57 1 3 0 58 1 2 0 59 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 59 1 2 0 58 1 3 0 57 1 4 0 56 1 5 0 55 1 6 0 54 1 7 0 53 1 8 0 52 1 9 0 51 1 10 0 50 1 11 0 49 1 12 0 48 1 13 0 47 1 14 0 46 1 15 0 45 1 16 0 44 1 17 0 43 1 18 0 42 1 19 0 41 1 20 0 40 1 21 0 39 1 22 0 38 1 23 0 37 1 24 0 36 1 25 0 35 1 26 0 34 1 27 0 33 1 28 0 32 1 29 0 31 1 30 0 30 1 31 0 29 1 32 0 28 1 33 0 27 1 34 0 26 The use of the precedent Table. In the first row upon the left hand find the length of the day or night in hours, and if there be any minutes annexed, find them in the top of the Table, where they be set thus: 0, 12, 24, 36, 48. And so in the common angle shall you find the length of the planetary hour for the day or night, under their proper Title, and if you want the just minute, take the nearest, for the difference produceth no sensible error: as when the day is 16 hours, 24 minutes long then the length of a planetary hour for day is 1 hour, 22 minutes, and aplanet ruleth that night but 38 minutes, as in the Table. The length of a planetary hour thus found, it rests to find any time of day what planetary hour it is, which as yet none of these little books have taught: You must therefore learn (as hereafter) at what hour and minute the Sun doth rise upon the day proposed, and also the true hour of the day at the time proposed, by some clock, or rather Sundial, and thereby get how many hours and minutes the said proposed time is after Sun rising, the number of which hours multiply by 60, and to the product add the odd minute: then the total divided by the number of minutes, that a planet reigneth, the quotient is the number of the planetary hour. Example. The Sun riseth at 8 of the clock (upon a certain day) which day is 8 hours long, and I am required to find what planetary hour it was at 10 before Noon: 10 is two hours after 8, 2 multiplied by 60, yields 120. which parted by 40 minutes (for so long a Planet ruleth that day, as in the Table) and the quotient is 3. Therefore I conclude it is the third planetary hour, and if there had been any minutes remaining, those would have shown how many minutes of the planetary hour had been spent. Deal so with the night, counting them from Sun set. Otherwise. Another way I can show you; having any time of the day given, and are required to know what planetary hour it is at that instant, you must consider if the question were made before high noon, or after: if the question were made before noon, work as before: if after noon, add the hour of the clock after noon to the hour and minute of Sun setting: so have you the distance of time from Sunrising, then work likewise as before. Lastly, having found what planetary hour it is, then must you seek what planet doth reign that hour, which is thus done: Consider what planet the day is called by, as in the 15 Chapter, and give to that planet the first hour, and to the next the second hour, until you come to the hour proposed, & that planet which falleth to that hour is the planet the ruleth at that time. But for more ease behold the ensuing Table, which I have newly made for that purpose. A Table to find what Planet doth rule every hour by day or night. Day Re. ☉ ☽ ♂ ☿ ♃ ♀ ♄ Night. R. Sunday. Monday Tuesday Wednes Thursda Friday Saturday H H H H H H H H H H H H H H ☉ 1 8 5 12 2 9 6 0 3 10 7 0 4 11 ♃ ♀ 2 9 6 0 3 10 7 0 4 11 1 8 5 12 ♂ ☿ 3 10 7 0 4 11 1 8 5 12 2 9 6 0 ☉ ☽ 4 11 1 8 5 12 2 9 6 0 3 10 7 0 ♀ ♄ 5 12 2 9 6 0 3 10 7 0 4 11 1 8 ☿ ♃ 6 0 3 10 7 0 4 11 1 8 5 12 2 9 ☽ ♂ 7 0 4 11 1 8 5 12 2 9 6 0 3 10 ♄ The use of the Table. Seek the day proposed in the top of the Table, and in one of the two rows under the same day, find the planetary hour, against which in the first row upon the left hand is the character of the planet that governeth that hour of the day, under the title of Day Re. signifying Regniments of the day planets, and upon the right hand is the planet that ruleth that hour of the night, under Night Regniment, as upon Sunday, Mercury ruleth the third hour of the day, and Sol the same hour of the night. CHAP. XXVI. Of the natures and properties of the seven Planets. SOmething I would say, that when you have found what planet reigneth, you might likewise know the nature and condition thereof,, but I must be brief: for indeed here is no place in this small volume to handle the same in such ample manner as it ought to be. Saturn (being well affected) is grave with authority, thinking of deep matters, disputing of gravity alover of secret matters, silent, solitary, laborious, doing labour and toil, a gatherer of wealth, covetous, desirous of money, and studious for his own proper benefit, a Zelotype, bearing care of his body, uncertain in keeping promise, a lover of husbandry; and being made infortunate and weak, he is an abject, squalid, excogitating of base things, a pick, thank and complainer, fearful, avoiding light, loving solitariness, sad, envious, stubborn, suspicious, superstitious, untrimmed, malignant deceitful, yet fearing deceit, covetous, austere, slothful, dull and a liar: His nature is cold and dry, and is charactered thus ♄. jupiter being the only signifier and well affected, maketh men honest, religious, just, doers of good turns, magnanimous, faithful, verecundious, benevolent, manly famous governors, of great diligence, grave, and modest, given to follow their business, wise careful to live, lovers of their own, and of their friends, liverall, and without fraud: But being evilly affected, is more prodigal and proud: His nature is hot & moist, thus figured ♃. Mars, well affected, is generous, fit for government and rule, valiant, strong, angry, given to battle and war with vehemence, apt, without fraud, fearing no danger, desiring revenge, impatiént of servitude and injuries, vaunting, not respective of riches: and being evilly affected, is cruel, unjust, a brawler, a tyrant, a murderer, dreadful, rash, unfearful, proud, drunk. turbulent, a blond-shedder, fierce in provoking quarrels, and fearful to perform, the author of discords, arrogancy and seditious: He is hot and dry, thus charactered. ♂ Sol is the most noble Planet, he is magnanimous, industrious, provident, ambitious, signifying Kings Princes, Potentates, labourers of gold, he is valiant, secret, honest, quiet, giveth long life, and a healthful body, a sincere and very good mind, princely dignities, and riches, and above the rest, he maketh men courteous famous wise, rulers, lovers, desirous of honours: His Nature is hot and dry choleric, and is thus charactered ☉. Venus' fortunately affected, maketh one fair-spoken, good, a lover of sweet things, pleasant, merry, fair, delicate in gesture, elegant, a doer of good-turns, pitiful, given to please, and apt to pleasures, given to singing and dancing, impatient of labour, gallant, and yielding love to such, sociable, yet serving God religiously: But being evilly affected, she is effeminate, fearful, a lover of maids, spending much upon them, without respect of fame or infamy, idle, sluggish, apt to lust, a Zelotype, or given to jealousy: Her nature is cold and moist, phlegmatic, thus charactered ♀. Mercury well situate, and fortunate affected, causeth a sharp wit, maketh one studious, capable of learning, easy to be taught, wise, subtle, wary, and heedful, accomplishing all things with great dexterity, obtaining a great part of Poëtry, Geometry, and the Mathematics, without tutor, desiring many differences, and disputing elegantly of many matters, of good manners, wittily applying himself to time and place, an imitator of the good: But being infortunate and badly situate, he is malevolent, malicious, subtle, crafty, forsworn, lying, especially his essential dignities being of the bad, and he near the Dragon's tail, for than he is most ill. The Moon maketh one thoughtful, unstable, vagabonds, fearful, fainthearted, prodigal, she signifieth messengers, shipmen, Queens, Ladies, also common people, fishers, and such that deal about waters, also such that are in continual motion, as Lackeys, etc. Also Widows, mothers, etc. she maketh one delighting to study histories, to walk from place to place, to Navigate, plant, etc. CHAP. XXVII. A brief discourse of the natural causes of watery Meteors, as snow, hail, rain, etc. YOu must first understand, that all watery meteors, as rain, snow, or such like, is but a moist vapour drawn up by the virtue of the Sun, and the rest of the Planets into the middle region of the air, where being congealed or dissolved, falleth upon the earth, as hail or rain. Of the Rainbow. Pliny saith the Rainbow is made by the Sunbeams striking upon a hollow cloud, when their edge is repelled, and beaten back against the Sun, and thus ariseth variety of colours, by the mixture of clouds, air, and fiery light together. But (as he saith) it pretendeth neither fair nor fowl wether. Of Rain. Of these kind of meteors you may read Arist. libro primo Meteorologicorum, cap. 1. & 2. But briefly, Rain is a cold vapour, and earthly humour, raised from the earth and waters into the middle region of the air, where by the extremity of cold it is thickened into the body of a cloud, and after being dissolved, falleth upon the earth. Of Hail. Hail is engendered of Rain, congealed into Ice, fréezing the drops presently after the dissolving of the cloud, whereby we have great irregular stones fall on the earth; I have seen them in that fashion 1610 contain 4 inches about: for the higher it cometh, and the longer it tarrieth in the air, the rounder it is and the lesser. Of Snow. Snow is of the same humour that Hail is, but not grown together so hard. Pliny saith, hail sooner melts then Snow, and that Hail cometh oftener in the day then in the night. Of Frost and Dew When in the day time through the faint heat of the Sun, there is a cold and moist vapour drawn up a little from the earth, presently at night it descendeth again upon the the earth, and is called Dew, and in the Spring or Harvest, it is a sign of fair weather; but if by means of cold it be congealed, it is called Frost, & therefore Dews come not so often in hot seasons, neither when winds be up, but after a calm and clear night, frosts dry up wet and moisture: For when (as Pliny saith) the Ice is melted, the like quantity of water in proportion is not found. Of Wind. Wind is nothing but many exhalations drawn from the earth & enforced laterally above the sun. Of Sudden Blasts. A windy exhalation being thrown down, and encompassed (as Pliny saith) in a thin course of clouds newly overcast coming at some time with such a violence, as it bursts & cleaves a dry cloud in sunder, & makes a storm, of the Greeks' called Ecnephias, but when this cleft is not great, but that the winds us forced to turn round, & role in this descent without lighting, there is made a whirle-puffe, or ghust, called Typhon, which is to say, the storm Ecnephias, sent forth & winding violence, & this wind doth bear many things away with it, changing from place to place; but if the hole in the cloud were great, it is called Turbo, casting down and overthrowing all that is next it. Pliny saith, no Ecnephias cometh with snow, nor no Typhon from the South: some say, vinegar thrown into this wind, breaks the gust. Of Earthquakes. Plenty of winds gotten into the bowels holes & corners of the earth bursting out of the earth, & the earth closing again, causeth the shaking, or earthquake, and is a token of ensuing war. Signs of Earthquakes. When waters in well or pits be troubled, and have a bad savour, the long absence of the winds, strange noises, the obscurity or darkness of the Sun with clouds, and strangely coloured, etc. Of Thunder and Lightnings. When an exhalation hot and dry mixed with moisture, is carried up into the middle region and there enclosed in the body of a cloud: Now these two contraries being thus shut or penned up in one room together, they fall at variance, whereby the water and fire agree not until they have broken the prison wherein they were penned, so that fire and water fly out of the cloud, the breaking whereof maketh a noise, like the renting of cloth, which we call thunder, and the fire lightning, the thunder being made first, but the lightning first seen, in respect the sight is before the hearing; and of lightnings there be many sorts. That which is dry burneth not at all, dissipating and dispersing: that which is moist burneth not likewise, but blasts, and altereth the colour: but that which is clear is of a strange operation, it draweth vessels dry without hurt to the vessel; it melteth metal in bags or purses, and hurteth not the bag or purse, nor the wax that sealed the bag hurt; it breaketh the bones, and hurteth not the flesh; and killeth the child in the womb, not hurting the mother. Pliny saith, Scythia by reason of cold, and Egypt by reason of heat, have seldom lightning. What things be not hurt with lightning. It hurteth not the Laurel tree, it entereth not past 5 foot into the earth, such that are shadowed with the skins of Seals, or Sea-calues, are freed, the Eagle is free, etc. Many other wondrous & strange kind of Meteors be there in the heavens often times seen, as Comets, burning Dragons, etc. but this volume will not contain an ample discourse thereof. CHAP. XXVIII. diverse signs to prognosticate what weather is towards. TO begin first with the Sun, the best prognosticator of all other, if he rise clear, not fiery red, if he chase the clouds before him into the West; if at sun-rising there be a circle about the Sun, and it vanish equally away, if he be red at setting: all these argue fair wether to ensue. But if he be fiery red at his rising, if he show pale and wan, if at rising he seem hollow, if red and black clouds be about him at his rising, or if his rays be red both at a rising and setting, if his beams at a morning or evening be contracted or short, if it rain at sun-setting, or his rays look dark or blue, or gather, if at his rising his beams seem not bright and clear, if before his rising the clouds gather like globes moving not into the west, if a circle of clouds appear encompassing the Sun, leaving not all his light, if his circle about the Sun be broke, if at his rising he cast his beams a far off amongst the clouds, if he spread his beams before he be up, if at his setting he be overcast with a thick miss: all these signify wet, and often tempestuous wether. Also look if the circle called Halo, be black, for if signifieth rain, and if it break, winds, from that part as the fraction in the circle respecteth. Presages by the Moon. According to the Egyptians, if on the Prime day the Moon be fair and bright, it will be fair; if red, winds; if dim and blackish, fowl wether according to the verse. Pallidaluna pluit, rubicunda flat, alba serenat. Mark the typs of her horns when she is five days old, with Pl. But best when she is primed, if they be blunt, rain; if pricking upward, and sharpa-pointed, winds. Pliny saith, these things fall truest upon the fourth day. If her upper horn, which bends northwards, be only sharp and pricked, winds from that coast: but if the neither horn be so, winds from the South; if the fourth day after her change she have a red circle or Halo about her, winds and rain. Varro saith, when the Moon is 4 days old, if she put her horns direct and strait forth, it is tempest at sea, unless there be a clear circle about her: If the one half of the full Moon seem pure, fair wether; if red, winds; if blackish, rain; mists and clouds about the Moon have like effect, as Halo, the more the worse, whilst the new Moon is Croissant and rising with the upper tip of her horn blackish, telleth of wet after the full: but then other tip being so, rain before the full: and if (as Varro saith) this blackishness appear in the midst of the Moon, rain at the full: a circle about the full Moon declareth winds from that part that the circle is most splendent; if her horns at her rising show more gross & thick then ordinary, look for rain plenteously, and that before long: if she appear not before the Prime, the West wind blowing withal, cold winter-like wether all that Moon. Lastly with Pliny, there be 8 points in every Moon, and so many days (according as she falleth upon the angles of the Sun) which many only observe, and take their presages of future wetherby, to wit, the 3.7.11.15.19.21.27. and the very day of conjunction. Presages by the Stars. Next unto the Moon we may place the Stars; if the Stars seem to shoot, winds from that quarter the Star came from: the wetter the Spring and Summer, the drier the Autumn. Autumn fair and dry bringeth a windy Winter: a circle about any of the other Planets, great showers: if the cloud in Cancer, called Praesepe, or the manger standing betwixt Aselli, or the little Asses appear not, though otherwise the air be clear, fowl winterlike wether: if the Northern of these stars be hid, great winds from the South, but the other being hid, north-east winds. Of the Rainbow. If two Rainbows appear, rain: a Rainbow presently after rain, fair wether. Presages from Thunder and Lightning. If in summer there be more thunder than lightning, winds from the coast it thundered; but if the lightning exceed, rain: lightning without thunder, betokens rain and thunder: if it lighten only from the Northwest, rain the ensuing day; if from the North, winds thence; if from the South-North-west, or full west if lighten, especially in the night, wind & rain from those coasts: morning thunder, winds; but midday thunder, rain. Presages by the Clouds. If the rack ride apace in the air, winds from that coast they come, the worse if it come from the North or South: if at Sunset the racks ride on both sides fromwards him, tempest: black clouds flying out of the East, reins at night: but from the west, rain the next day: if the clouds be disparkled many together of the East, flying like fleeces of wool, rain for 3 days after: when clouds fly low, seeming to settle upon the tops of hills, cold wether ensueth; but the mountain tops being fair and clear, the wether will take up: if the clouds seem full charged, and yet look white withal, which constitution of the air is called by some Towers, by others white wether, hail is at hand. If mists come down from the hills, or descend from the Heavens, and settle in the Valleys, it promiseth fair hot wether: mists in the evening show a hot day on the morrow. The like when white mists rise from waters in the Evening. Prognostications by fires. From the heavens we will proceed to our common fires. The fire burning pale, or keeping a huzzing noise, stormy wether: if the flame of fire or candle mount, winding and waving, as it were, winds: the like if the fire or candle go out of itself, or kindle and take fire with much ado. Further, when you discern many sparkles gather together in the fire, knitting one to another, the coals hanging to the bottom, or side of the pot newly taken off the fire, the fire raked in the embers, keepeth a spitting and sparkling from it, if the ashes upon the earth grow together, or when the live coal shineth brighter, or burneth more than ordinary: all these be tokens of rain. Prognostications by water. If the sea, within the haven, after the departing of the flood in a low ebb water be calm, & yet keep a noise & rumbling within, wind; if it do thus by fits, cold wether and rain; if in a calm season the sea strand, or water-bankes resound or make a noise, great tempest: the like of the sea itself; the puffins swimming above water, tell of cold wether for many days: the sea being calm, heaving and puffing up, showeth there is great store of winds within her, which will shortly breaks out to a tempest. Prognostications from Fishes and Fowls. The Dolphin disporting upon the waves, foreshows winds: if they fling and dash the water this and that way, and the sea be rough, fair wether: the Cuttle, or little Calamaria Loligo lancing and flying about the water, the Cockles, or Winckles sticking hard to the gravel, the Seaurching thrusting themselves into the mud, or covered with sand, the croaking extraordinary of Frogs, the low flying of Swallows, the chirping of Sparrows, the crying of Peacocks and Hearnes, the bathing of Crows, the stinging of of Flies and Gnats, the early straggling of Seamewes the proking of their feathers by the Gulls, Malards' & Ducks, all foreshow wind or rain. Contrary the Waterfowl gather together and combat, or Cranes make haste to fly into the midst of the land, or Cormorants and Gulls forsaking the waters, or Cranes soaring quietly aloft, or Crows or Ravens gaying against the Sun, are all tokens of fair wether. But if the Howlat cry Chi-uit, rain: Ravens crying one to another, as if they sobbed and vexed, clapping themselves with their wings, winds: but doing it by interualles of time, wet and wind: the late returning home of jacke-dawes, hard wether: also that working of the spinner, the busy heaving of Moles, the appearing of worms, Hens resorting to the roost covered with dust, the Ant busied with her Eggs, the Bees in fair wether not wandering far abroad, Bells heard further than ordinary, the wallowing of dogs, the alteration of the crowing of the Cock, befoken all fowl wether. Prognostications of four-footed Beasts. The leaping and playing of sheep, & such small cattle, show alteration of wether: the crying of Swine, Oxen & beasts licking themselves against the hair, or holding up their nose and smelling into to the air, swine shaking hay, or such like stuff: beasts eating greedily, or licking their hooves, or suddenly move here and there: all signify rain or fowl wether. Prognostications from woods, stones, etc. The herb Trefoil looketh rough against a tempest, and the leaves thereof will stand staring up, as if it were afraid thereof. Also if dishes, stones, or such like, sweat or be wet: if wainescot doors that join well, be stubborn to open, if salt dissolve in the salt-saller, or any solid body sweat, look for great rain: the like is seen by the pissing of Dogs. If there be a rumbling noise, or sounding in the mountains and forests, or if the leaves of trees flicker and play themselves, no wind stirring, which foretell some change of wether: the like prediction is gathered by the light down of Poplares or Thistles flying to and fro in the air: look what is said of the noise in forests, understand the same here in valleys, and in the air. I cannot stand to run into an ample discourse of this subject, lest I drive the quantity of my volume beyond my intent; but they shall be amply handled in a Book I have to come forth, called Cosmologia & Meteorologia. CHAP. XXIX. Of the four quarters of the year, and first of Winter. WINTER, the first quarter Astronomical, taketh his beginning when the Sun entereth into Capricorn, during until he have gone to the latter part of Pisces, it is the coldest time of the year, and the colder and drier the wholesomer, yet over much cold killeth trees in a warm region, especially such that be tender. A warm, and moist Winter is unwholesome, and an enemy to husbandmen, but reasonable store of snow doth ranken the fields and preserve corn. The diseases of this quarter be bushes in the face, leprosy, toothache, red-spots, fevers, the scab, fluxes of blood by the inferior parts, pains of the eyes, palsies, gouts, and such like. Of the Spring. THe Spring is the most comfortablest quarter in all the year, and is of nature warm and moist, for then the Sun draweth near to the Zenith, coming towards the stars of a warm nature, and then that East-winds blow dispearcing the superfluous humours, making the earth apt to bring forth all things, for the good and comfort of man: This quarter beginneth when the Sun entereth into Aries, at what time the days and nights be equal, and continueth until the 12 of june, at what time the Sun hath run through Aries, Taurus, and Gemini; if the Spring be much moist, the fruit will be rotten and scarce, but weeds will abound; if hot, the trees soon bring forth leaves; the fruits of that quarter, as Cherries, etc. will soon be ripe, which being not gathered before their full maturity, will be subject to worms, especially in warm regions, but it is seldom with us, though frequent in Italy. Roses will be from, but not so sweet, & all such things shall better please the sight then that sent or taste; if it be cold and dry, there will hoar frosts fall in the end of the quarter, according to the full Moon, the wine and fruits will be scarce; being dry and not hot, fruits will be scarce but good, with want of grain; if it be cold the fruits will be late riping; if it be wet, with much South wind, and the former Winter dry with Northern winds, the next Summer will happen agues, and bleerenesse, dropping of the eyes, and pain of the bowels. A dry Spring with much Northern winds, and a wet Winter full of Southern winds going before, causeth women with child to be delivered before their time, or to bring forth weak children. Gal. l. 3. Aphor. 3. So that if the quarter vary from his proper nature, the commodities of the earth be made worse and scarce, the ordinary diseases of this quarter be leaprosies, red spots, toothache, fevers of blood, bushes or weals in the face, smallpox, ringworms, falling-sickness, pains in the throat and neck, the King's evil, wens, griefs in the shoulders and arms causes by blood. Of Summer. Summer is of nature hot and dry, like the fiery tryplicity, or like the choleric; if taketh beginning when the Sun entereth Cancer, continuing until he have passed over Cancer, Leo, and Virgo, and now is rage and choler most abounding, being the hottest time 〈◊〉 the year, but in the beginning there rise certain●●●arres in Cancer, whose virtue is to make moist, especially Aselli, so that the Sun coming to them, some rain falleth, to fructify the earth, but coming to Leo, being near Syrius and protion, stars of a warm nature, the heat groweth most vehement, to temperate which the Etesian winds blow. Lastly coming to Virgo, which is a barren sign, the constellation of Arcturus rising, a mitigation of heat is produced, with some rain. If Summer be over wet, the Summer fruits shall putrefy, and there will be but small store of grain, there will be many sicknesses: if it be only dry, there will happen want of grain, and Summer fruits will be wholesome, the fishes shall die in waters, great sicknesses will happen: if it exceed in heat, many sicknesses also will happen with great store of Summer fruits: if to conclude it be cold, the year will be wholesome, but the fruits rotten. This quarter as it is hot and dry in nature, so doth it accordingly alter the humours in man's body, bringing all fruits to their ripeness, cattle to their fatness, and men to their wealth, the sicknesses agreeing to the nature thereof, be griefs and torments about the breast, ribs, and spleen, bushes, leprosy, and diseases of the face as in the Spring: bleared and sore eyes with other impediments therein, the pleurisy, cough, heart and stomacke-aking, sorrow, vexations, fevers of blood, apostumes, pestilence, fevers, the ianndise, pains in the belly and secret parts, with other infirmities proceeding of melancholy. Of Autumn. Autumn is the fourth and last quarter Astronomical, but the third according to our English account, by nature is cold and dry, melancholy, like old age, resembling the element of the earth, beginning at the suns first ingress into Libra, producing thereby a second Equinoctial, cocquating the days with the nights, which may also be called our second Spring, making an apt time to take Physic, bleed, etc. but in that Libra is a sign of the Airy triplicity, there is produced heat with temperate moisture, but coming to Scorpio the air is made more cold and moist, for Scorpio is of the watery triplicity, but coming to Sagitarius, a sign of the fiery triplicity, accompanied with certain stars of a warm nature, there is made a restraint of the extremity of wet and cold, for the good of such as sow & plow. If Autumn be most moist, grapes will be putrefied and wine bad, if the end be wet there will be want of fruit the ensuing year, if the beginning be dry, there will be penuria Milij, if hot many sicknesses and evils; if cold there is loss of harvest fruits in quantity, juice and beauty. The diseases of this quarter properly be pains in the back, darkness of sight, retention of urine, fluxes of blood, pains in the back and privy parts, with infirmities in the face, as in the Spring, also the canker, fistuloes, emrods, the stone and gravel, fevers of blood, and impediments in the eyes. And here note that Winter in Latin Hiems, is so called, ab 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which is dimidium, for the vulgar people do divide the year into two parts, Summer and Winter, Winter being the greater. Ver the Spring, is so called à vireo vires, because than omnia virent all things flourish, Aestas Summer, is so called ab aestu: which is à feruore, by reason of heat. Lastly Autumnus, Autumn, or Harvest, is so called à bonorum anni augmentatione, or it taketh name with Hipocrates, ab ortu Arcturi, during till the Vespertine setting of the Pleyades, or of Autumnus, which is morbidum, or tempestivosum: & these four times be resembled to the four Regions of the world, to the four Cardinal winds, to the four Elements, to the four quarters, to the four humours, & to the four ages, as in the ensuing table. Warm and dry Hot & moist Cold & moist Cold & dry Regions of the world Oriens Meri. Occid. Septe. Cardinal winds East South West North 4 Elements Fire Air Water Earth 4 Quarters of the year Summer Spring Wint. Autu. 4 Humours Cholor Sangu. Fleame Melan. ● Ages Youth Ma. sta. Age old age. CHAP. XXX. Certain predictions of the weather in every month, with necessary abstracts, and the Poetical rising of the Stars. january. Newyears day in the morning being red portends great tempest and war: after riseth Orion's girdle Vespertine, troubling the air, causing south-west winds, the 10 and 11 day doth Lucida Corona produce by a Vespertine setting, about which time also riseth Asellus and praesepe, great causers of rain the more jupiter being in moist signs: the 12 day Asellus riseth Cosmical, the 13 Praesepe setteth Cosmical: the 20 the South part of Asellus riseth chronical: the 28 Sirius riseth Vespertinus: the 30 Eagle riseth Cosmical. All which with Ptolemaeus bring wet and tempest: some say if the Sun shine the 12 of january, there shall be much wind, others Prognosticate of Saint Paul's day, saying: if the Sun shine it is token of a happy year, if rain or snow, indifferent: if misty, great death, but if it thunder there will be great winds and death that year. The Abstract. Cut timber, rid fruit trees of superfluous branches, uncover their roots, drench weak and sick cattle, Cows with veriuce, horses with water and ground malt, fodden witha little bran, dig gardens, lib and geld for rearing. February. THe third day Regulus riseth chronical, the fourth he setteth Cosmical, of whom Ptol. saith, the clear star in the heart of the Lion beginning to set, the North wind bloweth, with often rain. Carda. saith it raiseth the south-west winds. The 9 the tail of the Dolphin doth set vespertine, which Ptol. saith bringeth winds and snow, and the more rain the winds being south. Some say thunder upon Shrove-tuesday foretelleth wind, and store of fruit, and plenty, the Sunbeams being early abroad: others affirm that so much he shineth that day, and the like ho shineth every day in Lent. The Abstract. Set, cut, and lay quicke-sets and roses, sow, beans, pease, and oats, especially the land being cold and stiff: furnish your gardens with salads for Summer. March. THe 6 day Vindemiator riseth vespertine, bringing North winds with frost, the 8 riseth the Rammes-horne, snow or rain: the 10 Arcturus riseth chronical, causing tempests. Carda: saith, at the vespertine rising of this star, Swallows be seen, and the Spring cometh. Stadius cap. 7. at the vespertine setting of Arcturus, swallows departed by multitudes, and at his vespertine rising come again: and this rising bringeth south-west winds, and by-west, blowing commonly 12 days with rain or hail, ending in the west. Herewith agreeth Ptol. Plin. Stadius, Collumell, and others, especially being furthered with the radiation of the Moon or Mars. The 11 or 12 day Sol entereth Aries, the West winds blow, Storks come, with Ptol. in Egypt they came the 17 of May. The 21 Spica Virgins setteth Cosmical cloudy. Some say, so many mists in March, so many hoar frosts after Easter. The Abstract. Now (regarding wind and weather) graft, also cover the roots of your trees opened in December or january, with rank earth: sow pease, beans, oats, parsnip, onions, artichockes, cucumbers, sage, & melons; manure barley land, but in cold clay ground sow at the end of the month. April. THe 17 of April, Augustus terminus Pleiadum, one of the seven stars riseth Cosmical, the other following a little after, causing Westwindes: the 22 the South part of Lucida Lancis setteth Cosmical, often prove king showers of rain. Some say if it rain upon Ascension day (which sometimes falleth in April) it doth betoken scarrity of all kind of food for cattle, but being fair, it signifieth plenty. The Abstract. Yet it is good to sow Barley, chief in strong land, some kind of garden-seeds sow now also, as Melons, Citrions, Cucumbers, & Artichockes: sow likewise Hemp & Flax, setting some garden-herbes towards the end of the month. Now the time beginneth to bark trees, and to yield to good Day-men natures abundance. May. THe fourth of May Sirius, or Canis maior setteth vespertine, tempest from the South and north-east, and by-north; and as Stadius saith, if the full Moon happen within two days before or after, it prognosticates blasting to corn, and other flowers. The 6 and 7 Hyadeses begin to set, the South blowing with rain: So Ptol. speaketh of the setting of the 7 stars. The 9 Pleyades set chronical, causing● South winds, which with Ptol. at last turn into the West. The 11 the bulls Eye setteth: the 18 protion setteth heliacal, making wine rage in Cellars with Stadius. The 23 the Eagle riseth chronical, which happening at the new or full Moon, all fruits be hurt with worms and Caterpillars with Carda. The 24 the 7 stars rise Cosmical: the 27 the bulls Eye riseth Cosmical, both which foreshew rain, and hurt to vines. Some say, the Sun shining upon the 25 day, wines shall prosper well; also in the end of May Okes begin to bear blossoms, which happening foreshows much tallow and fruit. The Abstract. In the beginning you may sow Barley, set and sow tender herbs & seeds, as sweet-Marierome, Sommer-savory, Basill, etc. Set Stills to work, using, May dew therein stirring land for Wheat and Rye. june. THe 6 day the lesser Dog setteth vespertine, which happening at the full Moon, hurts all fruits. Stadius saith if it happen at full Moon, it bringeth mischief to sweet flowers and vines, by reason of his burning heat: The 12 Sol enters Cancer, Vine and olives flourish: the 16 Arcturus setteth Cosmical, making the air intemperate: the 21 the left side of Orion riseth Cosmical, raising the West winds. If it rain the 24 day, Hazell-nuts do not prosper. The Abstract. Set gillyflowers and Rosemary, sow Lettuce 3 or 4 days after the full, which is also good from February to the end of September: shear sheep, fetch home fuel, and towards the end of the month begin to mow. July. THe 2 day riseth Orion's Girdle, and is a Critical day: for if it rain this day it doth continue so often for 4. weeks. Stadius saith, if jupiter be aspected with Mars, Mercury, or the Sun at this rising, great tempest is portended at the rising of the great Dog, and foreshoweth North-east winds, and by-North, corruption of the air, with the rising of the Etesian winds. The 13 Lucida Coronae. setteth chronical: the 23 the North part of Asellus setteth vespertine, at which time with Ptol. the north-east, and by-East winds blow, as forerunners of the Etesian winds, Carda: these winds, as forerunners of the rising of the Dog, blow 8 days before, with which Stadius agreeth. Some say, if it be fair 3 Sundays before S. james day, corn will be good: but wet, corn withereth. The Abstract. At the full Moon gather flowers and seeds, and let your flowers rather dry in the shade then the Sun: for the Sun draweth away their virtue: but to avoid corruption, before you take them away, let the suns heat be upon them a while. Take heed of sudden colds, for nothing sooner breedeth the plague: and therefore to drink being hot is nought. It were vain to tell good husbands that it is now fit for them to be in meadows, and else where to provide for Winter. Therefore I will commend this rhyme to sluggards and idle persons. Labour in Summer, take pains with the Ant, Else in the Winter, live cold, and in want. August. THe first of August the great Dog riseth Cosmical. Carda. saith at the rising of this star all living creatures be troubled, and that it is scarce possible that dryness and sickness should not be. Stadius recounts many more enormities, as troubling of wine in Cellars, Dogs going mad, fluxes of the Seas & waters, death of fishes, with the extremity of heat, especially if Mars or jupiter be in fiery signs. Diaphanes saith, if at the rising of the great Dog with the Sun the Moon be in Aries, it doth presignificate rain and tempest; in Taurus, storms; in Gemini, pestilence; in Cancer, dryness; in Leo, burning heat; in Virgo, showers often, with untimely birth of children; in Libra, great dryness; in Scorpio, plagues; in Sagittarius or Capricorn, rain and tempest; in Aquarius, drought and sickness; in Pisces, rain the ensuing year: But these Stadius saith be not known to him for truths: for he holds them more substantial that be taken, Exvarijs commixtionum causis. The 3 day the Eagle setteth Cosmical, the south-west and by-west winds blowing with great heat. Carda. saith, it raiseth the Etesian winds, which with Ptol. do continue 21 days: the 8 Regulus riseth Cosmical, raising north-east, & by-north winds: the 13 day the great Dog riseth heliacal, which limits the beginning of the Grecian year, and of this rising be divers observations: if then the heaven be cloudy and dark, it signifieth a heavy time with plagues, etc. but being fair and clear, it is good. Also the 13 of August, the Dolphin setteth Cosmical, bringing rain, and beginning Autumn, according to Ptol. The 24 is S. Bartholomewes' day, if the wind change not the following night, the vulgar hold it good. Stadius recounts tempests, with hail, etc. to come from the West, and Northwest part, in the end of August, which often do hurt. The Abstract. Reap Wheat and Rye, sow Winter herbs in the new Moon: stir land for Wheat and Rye, and about the end of the month down with Oats, or before, according to the goodness of your soil. Look more in july. September. THe first day of this month is Critical, if it do not rain then, the rest of Autumn is like to be dry: the 12 day Arcturus riseth Cosmical, rain: and with Ptol. after two days Swallows leave to be seen. The 13 day is Equinoctial, winds from West, Northwest: the 17 Lucida Coronae riseth Cosmical, Ptol. winds turn, troubling the seas with winterly weather. So many days old the Moon is on Michaelmas day, so many floods will happen that Winter. The Abstract. Cut down your Lent-tilling, gather the fruits of your trees, converting them to use, as Crabs for Verivice, etc. About the midst of the month sow wheat and Rye in cold and strong land, sow winter parsnip, and Carrots, get hives, etc. October. THe 15 day the Dragon's Tail setteth vespertine, after this day we must expect no more warmness: and therefore the Germans call it den Galen summer. The 21 the East winds blow: the 26 the left foot of Orion setteth with the 12 degree of Scorpio: causing often great rain: if leaves now hang upon the trees, some say it portends a cold winter, or many Caterpillars. The Abstract. Sow Wheat and Rye, the sooner the better, for fear of rain. The new Moon maketh a fit time to set and remove young trees, as the Plum, Pear, Apple, and Bay-tree, to set Nuts, Acorns, etc. & after the full moon gather your winter fruits. November. THe 4 or 5 day the Scorpion's heart setteth vespertine, which with Astrologers is a Critical day. The 5 day the Dog setteth bringing southernly wether: the like judge of Orion, which setteth about this time. The 8 day Succulae or Hyades sets Cosmical, frost or rain: the 10 the Pleyades set Cosmical, if then the heavens be cloudy it denunciates a wet winter: if day, a sharp winter. Pliny saith: Succularum & Pleiadarum occasum terrâ marique turbidum esse. The 24 Arcturus setteth heliacal, causing often rain, with Cardanus. The Abstract. The time is apt to make Malt, to kill Bacons, to cut Ashes, to sow, if you were too late the last month, to set Crabbe-tree stocks, to remove Trees, as in the last month in the increasing of the Moon, but in the wane set beans, pease, etc. Also now uncover the roots of your Apple trees, and so let them rest till March. December. THe 6 of December is Dies Nicholai, of which Cardanus thus saith: Proximi septem Dies à. Bruma totidemque ante, raro ventis infestantur: they be called Halcyon days. Stadius saith, about the Brumal Solstitial there doth happen Halcyon or most tranquil weather: the 26 day the fair star Arcturus setteth vespertine, and then with Carda. the South winds blow. Some say, if Christmas day come in the new Moon, it is a token of a good year, and so much the better, by how much it is nearer the new Moon, the contrary happeneth in the decrease. The Abstract. The time is good to fall timber, to uncover the roots of Appletrees, to fallow land for Barley, to set beans, pease, etc. the wether being not too hard: and now Fowlers be busy with Lime-twigs, and other engines to take Fowls. Let a warm fire be thy bathe, the Kitchen thy Apothecary's shop, and good hot meat thy diet, to which according to thy ability, invite thy neighbour. Therefore to conclude, If thou be poor, and canst not feast at all, Go feast with such as shall to feasting call. CHAP. XXXI. Predictions of every day more particularly. TO give you judgement of the temperature of every particular day, there must be great care had, and many things observed, as the quality of the sign, the Lord of the lunation, the quality of the Absids, and of the Planets: for there is no great change of wether unless Saturn, jupiter, or Mars be aspected: also the meeting of the planets, & mingling of their virtue with the Fixed Stars, whose nature and magnitude are duly to be observed: the want, or not observing of these, and many other which appertain to preiudications, cause our ordinary and common Prognosticators so grossly to err, as I noted in my Almanac 1608: for as I said there, so must I here also: Qui non potest in singulos dies de pruina nive grandine etc. distinct praedicere, huic praedicenti abundantiam aut penuriam frugum, nequaquam fides adhibenda est. Over and beside what is said, the aspects of the Planets amongst themselves are most heedfully to be regarded, even as in the ensuing Table, set in Latin for the more brevity. Enter this Table with the ♂, ☍, or 〈◊〉 of the Planets, noting the weather in the common Angle. ☽ ☿ ♀ ☉ ♂ ♃ ♄ Turb. Hum. Hum. rem. call Neb. pruma Nub. Nix. Venti pluu. venti et imber venti Nub. vent. Nivosa Pluu. & frig. Pluu subita. Pluu. frig. Plu. aut Nix. Pluu. frig. Grand. toni Plu. frig. nix vel Neb. Plu. vel tun Ton. gran. Plu vel tur Remis. fri. Tur. vel hu grand ton vent vel plum Turbi. V A A High ♃ AEris Temperam. Ventos Magnos Temperam. Ventos toni fulm. ventos Rmiss. frig Turb. vent Toni tem. Turb. vent Remis. fri Veris, AEstatis Autumni Hyemis. ♂ Minuit frigiditatem & humid in sig. cali & full. in aestate. Ventos ali quando nubi feros in aesta Toni. Plwiam Imbrem plwiam Remiss. frig. Venti Sicc. Tonit fulm. Venti Sicc. Remiss. frig Veris. AEstatis, Autumni Hyemis. ☉ Alterat aerem pro natura temporis. Ventos aliquando cum humid, & plum presertim vento fig. Plwiam Toni. imbrem plwiam humiditatem. Veris, AEstatis, Autumm, Hyemia. ♀ Hu. vel Nub. Remiss. calor Neb. Turb. Turb. vel Nix Ventos humidos vel saltem Nubi. Veris, AEstatis Autumni, Hyemis. ☿ Aliquando ventos Nubiferos. Veris. AEstatis, Autumni, Hyemis, Over and beside these aspects you must likewise note the mansion that the Moon is in, as in the 24 chapter, so shall you (conferring these things together) produce more substantial preiudications, but indeed here is no place amply to deliver such rules that should be observed before (according to Art) you can be able to give judgement of any one day, for I let pass all in resepect of the unaptness of the volume. CHAP. XXXII. Of the Golden number, Circle of the Sun, Dominical letter, and Epact, etc. THe golden number is a periodical revolution of 19 of our civil years, in which time the old Philosophers thought that all the lunations or aspects betwixt the Sun and Moon, returned to the same place they were at 19 years before, for in that space the Dragon's head made a periodical revolution, but this is not so, for in 19 years there is an Anticipation of an hour and a half very near, wanting but 75 seconds, so that look what conjunction happened this year in Aries at noon, shall fall 19 years hence, one hour & half before: this Circle is called Decem-novenalis Circulus, whose parts be called the golden number: for that it was writ in golden characters in Tables of silver, and so sent to Rome, or for that they be written in red or golden letters in the Calendar, and is found thus. Add to the year of our Lord 1. (for so much was the Prime when Christ was borne) which divide by 19, the remainder is the Prime or Golden number. Of the Epact. THe Epact is nothing else but a number of 11 days, which the common solar year doth exceed the common Lunar year, the one consisting of 365 days, the other of 354 days, and therefore they add that excess unto the Lunar year, to coequal them, for Epactae with the Greekes from 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, which signifieth intercalare, or addere, by the addition of which excess in every four years, there is gotten a number more than 30, which is greater than the Epact can be, because from change to change there can be but 30 days: therefore 30 must be taken from that excess, and the remainder is the Epact for the next year, as 1611 the Epact is 26 to which add 11, so have you 37, from which take 30, and you have 7 the Epact 1612. To get the Epact for ever, do therefore thus, multiply the Prime by 11, parting the product by 30, so is the remainder the Epact; or as is said, add 11 to the Epact of this year, so have you the Epact of the next, or see the age of the Moon the 11 Calends of April, for that is the number of the Epact. But because I will ease you of calculation, see the ensuing Table, which showeth you in perpetual the Concordancy betwixt the Prime and the Epact, so that having one, you may find the other answering thereunto, and for your further ease I have added the years of our Lord to it: having the year of our Lord, under it in order you have the Prime and Epact, and when the years in this Table be expired, begin them again, placing 1631 where 1612 is, etc. so shall your Table be perpetual. A Table to find the Golden number and Epact for ever. An. Do. 1615 1616 1617. 1618. 1619 1620 1621. 1622 1623. 1624. 1625 1626. 1627. 1628. 1629 1630 1612 1613 1614 Prime 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 Epact 11 22 3 14 25 6 17 28 9 20 1 12 23 4 15 26 7 18 29 Of the Circle of the Sun, and Dominical letter, and to find them for ever. THe Circle of the Sun, is nothing else but a revolution of 28 years, in which time the Dominical letters make all their several changes, & it is called the Circle of the Sun, not for that it showeth any motion of the Sun, but because by means thereof the letter Dominical is always found as we had a circle called Cyclus lunaris, by reason of the office it had, because it was first invented ad monstrandas lunationes, so this is called the Solar Circle, or rather in English, the Sunday Circle, because it comprehends all the varieties and changes that the Sunday letter can have, by reason of Byssextile or leap-year. In brief, this Circle is called the Circle of the Sun, because it acquaints you with the Sunday letter, which is the day of the Sun. To find the Circle of the Sun, either in the old or new Calendar do thus, add to the year of our Lord proposed 9 (for our Saviour was borne when the number was 9) which parted by 28 (as by the number of years of the whole circle) so shall the quotient show you that number of revolutions of the said circle, & the remainder the circle of the Sun. Of the Dominical letter. THe Dominical letter is always one of these seven letters ABCDEFG, and doth show the Sunday letter, or day of the Sun all the year, unless it be in Byssextile or leap-year, for then there be two Dominical letters, whereof the first of the two in this Table serveth from the beginning of January, to Saint Mathias eve, and the other to the years end, but for your more ease behold the ensuing Table, where the Circle of the Sun and Sunday letter are placed under the year of our Lord, and when the years of this Table be expired, set 1641 where 1612 is, so will your table be perpetual, if you proceed as before. A perpetual Table for the Circle of the Sun and Dominical letter. Ann. Do. 1616 1617. 1618. 1619 1620 1621. 1622 1623. 1624. ☉ Circle 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Dominical letter GF E D C BA G F E DC Ann. Do. 1625 1626. 1627. 1628. 1629 1630 1631 1632 1633 ☉ Circle 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Dominical letter B A G FE D C B AGNOSTUS F Ann Do. 1634 1635 1636 1637 1638 1639 1612 1613 1614 1615 ☉ Circle 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 Sunday letter E D CB A G F ED C B A Note if it be leap-year the first of the two letters begins the year. Also note the Epact changeth always the first of March, and the Dominical letter and Prime, etc. the first of January. Of the Roman indiction. We have no great use of this circle in England, it is used of the Bishops of Rome in the instruments and writings of their Pronotations, imitating thereby the old Romans, though theirs were to another purpose, as to bear account of the payment of tribute: it is a number of 15 year, but for that it stands us to little purpose in England, briefly find it thus. Add to the year of our Lord 3, and divide the product by 15, so shall the remainder be the number of the said indiction, and this indiction is counted from September, not from March. To get the Age, Change, Full, & Quarters of the Moon. TO find the age of the Moon you must have 3 things, as the Epact, the number of months from March to your proposed month inclusively, and the day of the month, these three sums had, add them altogether, so have you the age of the Moon, but if the sum exceed 30, subtract 30, and that which you leave is the age: this is meant if the month, wherein the question was made, have 31 days, for having less you must take away but 29 as oft as you may. Now if you know the age of the Moon any month this year, and would know how old she shall be the same day the next year, you must add to her present age 11, so have you her age the same day of the month the ensuing year, and to that age add 11, so have you her age the second year ensuing, and so infinitely, remembering to reject 30 as before. Likewise if you desire to know the age of the Moon in the year last passed, that is all found by addition, of 19 as before by 11, remembering the rejection of 30. To find the new, full, and quarters of the Moon. MArtin Cortes teacheth rules to find the day of conjunction, but they be not so true as that of Gemma Frisius, which is thus: add to the Epact the number of months from March to the proposed month, including the said month, the which taken from 30, the remainder showeth the day of the change, but if the sum of addition exceed 30, you were best to subtract from 59, so is the remainder the day of the change, in which point Gemma Frisius left us destitute: the change had, the full Moon is found by the addition of 15 days, and so by addition of 7 days and 9 hours, to the new or full Moon, you have the first or last quarter. To find the new or full Moon more exactly by my new Tables. THese brief rules that the ancient Astronomers have taught, and the modern observers corrected, howbeit they were singular in respect of the invention, yet do they fail a day at least, especially when the Epact is above 26: wherefore you shall have the day, hour and minute of the change and full Moon set in my Calendar and truly verified till 1630, which by the ensuing rules will serve perpetually, the use whereof is thus. Consider if you seek the change or full Moon, for they have Primes both in several columns upon the left hand under this title Prim. ☌ Prim. ☍ ● therefore when you know what the Prime is for the proposed year, seek the same in one of the rows of Primes descending, and note against what day of the month it stands,: for that is the day of the change or full Moon, according to the Prime you took: then in the row under New or Full Moon is the hour and minute of change, or opposition, noted with this letter A, or P, signifying that it happened before or after noon, according to the letter there placed. Example. 1612 the Prime is 17, and I desire to know what day & hour the change and full moon shall fall on in August: First therefore for the New Moon, I find the Prime 17, in the row upon the left hand under the title Prim. ☌, which stands against the 16 day of the month, therefore the change was the 16 day: then against 17, under the title New Moon, is 11.6. A. which signifieth that the new Moon, which happened the 16 day, was at 11 of the clock, and 6 minutes before Noon. Now for the full Moon in August, I seek the Prime for that proposed year, under the proper title of Prim. ☍, which you shall find to stand against the 31 day, and then under the title of Full Moon, is 3.49. A, whereby (as before) you may conclude, that the Full Moon in August 1612, will be the 31 day, at 3 of the clock, and 49 minutes before noon. And here note, against some Primes you shall find 16 or 17 hours, or more, with this letter A or P, which signifieth that the Aspect happened so many hours before or after high Noon of the same day. Now if you would know any of these Aspects after 1630, you must subtract 1 hour and 30 minutes from the time of the happening of the Aspect, and when you have done so 19 years, then subtract 3 hours, and so forth, always subtracting 1 hour & 30 minutes for every 19 years: hereby will those Tables be made more true perpetually, than any that yet were ever extant. CHAP. XXXIIII. To find what sign the Sun or Moon is in. TO find the sign that the Moon is in, joan, de Sacro Bosco saith thus: Multiply the age of the Moon by 4, parting the product by 10, so shall the quotient show you the number of signs that the Moon is distant from the Sun: then the ramainder multiplied by 3, noteth to you the degree of the sign that the Moon is in: Therefore find the place of the Sun, as hereafter, and from thence count the signs and degrees before found, and where it ends, is the place of the Moon: but this rule is not precise, and beside, is tedious for the vulgar. To know what sign the Moon is in by my new Tables. FOr this purpose there be so many Tables out, and they subject unto much error, that if the Moon do work in these inferior bodies, as Pliny affirms, lib. 2. chap. 99, or alter the humours thereof according to her place in the Zodiac, as the learned teach, and experience confirms: then vain and unnecessary be those Tables, that so lead the vulgar into such errors and abuses: for either it is necessary that her true place be known, or needless to be sought: if needless, what needeth any observation at all? if necessary, how do they beguile them that put trust therein? For the Shepherds Calendar, General Prognostication, Computation, and such like books, suppose the Moon never to her slow motion, but when she is in Cancer, Scorpio, or Pisces, which is extremely false: for you shall perceive her stay: days in the other signs, if you peruse my Tables, as in Aries, Taurus, or Gemini, etc. which their Tables will not allow: which error is like that of Pliny, lib. 2. chap. 17, saying, that the Moon entereth not twice in conjunction with the Sun, in any other sign but Gemini, which is not so, as in the year 1609, and 1612, in August and September, there be conjunctions in Virgo, as in April and May 1610 in Taurus. Also he saith, there is never any conjunction of the Sun and Moon in Sagittarius, the contrary is 1613, in December, and 1614 in November: Therefore to find what sign the Moon precisely is in every day in the year, till 1630, do thus; Get the Prime as before, and then resort unto your Calendar, finding the month, and the Prime in the head of the Table for that month: Now descending down the Column, which is under your Prime, until you come against the day of the month, there shall you find against the said day of the moveth, the true sign that the Moon is in that day. Example. 1612 the Prime is 17, & I desire to know what sign the Moon is in the 7 day of May; I therefore descend the Column under 17, until I come against the 7 day, which stands upon the left hand the Table, there I find ♐. I conclude the Moon is then in Sagittarius: then the 8 day in ♑, Capricorn: but the Computation, and the rest of the books say, the 8 day in Sagittarius, which is false. Lastly, over each of my Tables for the Moon, is placed the nature of the sign she is in. To know what sign the Sun is in. The Degree and Sign that the Sun is in, stands in the last column in the former Table, for the place of the Moon upon the right hand, against the day of the month, and under this Title ☉ place. CHAP. XXXV. Of the Eclipses of the Sun and Moon, and to know when they shall happen, and the quantity of obscuration. THe Eclipse of the Sun is nothing else but the conveying of the Moon (which is a dark body) betwixt our sight and the Sun, insomuch that the Sun looseth no light, but only we are deprived of the same, in respect of the interposition of the Moon; and this never happeneth but when the Sun and Moon be in a visible conjunction: for you have your mean, true and visible conjunction, the which true and visible conjunction always happen together when the Sun and Moon have no paralax, which is when they be in conjunction in the 90 degree: s●● that the further the true conjunction is from the 90 degree, the greater is the difference of these two conjunctions: so that you can have no eclipse of the Sun, but when the visible conjunction is near the Nodes. Now all eclipses of the Sun beeither total without duration, which happeneth when the Moon hath no apparent latitude at the time of the visible conjunction, or partial, which duration, may happen three manner of ways: First, when the diameter is only darkened as when the apparent latitude of the Moon is equal to her apparent semidiameter. Secondly, when there is more than his semidiameter darkened, as when the Moons apparent latitude is less than her apparent semidiameter: And lastly, when there is less than the suns diameter darkened, as when the apparent latitude of the Moon is greater than her apparent semidiameter; and you shall know if the apparent latitude of the Moon exceed 34 minutes, 51 seconds, the Sun cannot be any thing eclipsed, and the greatest eclipse the Sun can suffer, is when he is in the Auge of his Eccentricke, and in his greatest eccentricity, and the Moon in her opposite Auge, whereby such places that be situate within the compass of the moons shadow, may lose the wheel light of the Sun, the diameter whereof doth contain 280 of our English miles, or thereabouts. Further it may so fall out, that you shall see the whole body of the Moon within the compass of the Sun, the Sun seeming to lose his light in the very midst, and about the same will appear a narrow shining circle, of three quarters of an inch in breadth, which happeneth when the Moon is in her Auge, and the Sun in his least eccentricity, and in oppost Auge: but this discourse is not fit for this volume, therefore to the matter. To find the Eclipse of the Sun. You must know that the body of the Sun is supposed to be divided into 12 Digits, and that he is never eclipsed but at the new Moon: therefore find the new Moon, as you be taught before, & then in the row upon your left hand, under the title Digits ☉, see if there stand any figure against the same, for than may you conclude the Sun to be Eclipsed, the same hour that the new Moon happens, and that there be so many parts of his body darkened, as the figures vuder Digits ☉ express. Example. 1612. In May I find the new Moon to happen the 20 day, at 5 of the clock, and 43 min. before Noon: then against the same, under Digits ☉, stands 8/12, therefore I conclude that the Sun shall be eclips●● at that hour, 8 parts and a half, and if there ●ad stood such a mark as this (●) he had been eclipsed, though not visible in our Horizon. After the same order may you find what e●●ipses happen any day of any month for any year to come, or thus: seek under the title of Digits ☉ what figures stand there, and what Primes answer thereunto, then find the said Primes in the little Table before, and over the head thereof is the year of our Lord God. Of the Eclipses of the Moon. To speak properly of an Eclipse, it is an obscuration of light in the Sun, and a defection of the Moon: for the Moon is a dark and gross body, having no light but such that thee receiveth of the Sun, whereby she is never eclipsed, but at such time that the earth is betwixt the Sun & her, which chanceth thee being at the full diametrical opposite to the Sun, and some what near to the head or tail of the Dragon: But these Eclipses of the Moon for divers causes, be not always after one manner, as first by reason of her unequal latitude, which sometime is nothing at all, whereby the eclipse is greater in magnitude, and longer in duration. Another time her latitude is so great, that thee falleth but a little within the shadow of the earth, losing but a little light: & sometime she cometh not in the shadow of the earth, and then is not eclipsed: for it is general, that when the moons latitude, at a true Opposition, is lesser than the semidiameter of the shadow, and the moons body both, being set together, that the Moon will be eclipsed, and the more those semidiameters exceed the latitude, the greater is the Eclipse. Again, these Eclipses differ in respect of the unequal thickness of the shadow of the earth: for the body of the Sun (as is said) is greater than the body of the Earth: and therefore the shadow cannot be cylindrical, or Calathoidall, but only conical, rising beyond the earth, and ending in a point: but for all these and many other causes of the variety of lunar Eclipses, yet we may reduce them for brevities sake, into two principal heads, as total and Partile: the total is twosold, as either without continuance of time, loofing all her light but for an instant, because the semidiameter of the earth is as great as the moons latitude, and her semidiameter: or total with continuance, losing all her light for a certain space, because the semidiameter of the shadow of the earth, in the place of the Eclipse, exceedeth the latitude of the Moon, and her bodily somidiameter. The Partile Eclipse of the Moon is when part if the body of the Moon is darkened, whereof there be 3 sorts: first when half her diameter is darkened, happening when the latitude of the Moon is equal to the semidiameter of the earth's shadow: next when less than the semidiameter is darkened, happening when her latitude is more than the semidiameter of the earth's shadow. Thirdly, when more than the moons semidiameter is obscured, which cometh to pass when the latitude of the Moon is less than the semidiameter of the earth's shadow. Of the parts of the Moon Eclipsed. Like as the body of the Sun, so also the body of the Moon is imagined to be divided into 12 parts, because their diameters appear as a foot long, so that we say they be eclipsed so many digits or fingers, but for the Moon by reason of the thickness of the shadow of the earth, she may be eclipsed 23 Digits: but I should prove over-tedious amply to discourse of these matters: therefore find out her eclipse thus: To find the moons Eclipse. Find (as before) at what hour, and what day of the month any full Moon happeneth, and there find the eclipse of the moon, as you did that of the Sun, remembering always to seek the moons eclipse under the Title Full Moon, and her Eclipse, and the Digits, or parts of her body eclipsed in the row upon the right hand, under Digits ☽, remembering what is said of the Sun. This is easy. CHAP. XXXVI. To find the hour of Sunrising and setting, the length of the day and night, with the break of day and continuance of twilight. months Days Break of day. Sun rising Length of day Length of night Sun setting Twilight. H: M: H: M: H: M: H: M: H: M: H: M: janu. 1 3 54 8 0 8 0 16 0 4 0 6 0 10 5 44 7 19 8 21 15 39 4 11 6 16 20 5 37 7 34 8 52 15 8 4 26 6 23 Febr. 1 5 15 7 13 0 24 14 16 4 45 6 47 10 5 0 6 56 10 8 13 52 5 4 7 0 20 4 50 6 36 10 47 13 13 5 24 7 10 March 1 4 20 6 19 11 22 12 38 5 41 7 40 10 4 0 6 1 11 58 12 2 5 59 8 0 20 3 40 5 45 12 37 11 23 6 19 8 22 April 1 3 8 5 18 13 23 10 37 6 42 8 52 10 2 40 5 1 13 57 10 3 6 59 9 20 20 2 10 4 43 14 33 9 27 7 17 9 50 May 1 1 30 4 25 15 9 8 51 7 3● 10 30 10 0 30 4 22 15 35 8 25 7 48 11 30 20 All day 4 0 15 59 8 1 8 0 no night june 1 and no dark night. 3 51 16 17 7 43 8 9 but conunuall twilight 10 3 48 16 23 7 37 8 12 20 3 51 16 17 7 43 8 9 july 1 4 0 15 59 8 0 8 0 0 0 10 1 30 4 25 15 9 8 51 7 35 10 30 20 2 10 4 43 14 33 9 27 7 27 9 50 Aug. 1 2 10 4 43 14 33 9 27 7 17 9 50 10 2 40 5 1 13 57 10 3 6 59 9 20 20 3 8 5 18 13 23 10 37 6 41 8 52 Sept. 1 3 40 5 41 12 37 11 23 6 19 8 20 10 4 0 6 1 11 58 11 2 5 59 8 0 10 4 2 06 10 11 22 12 38 5 41 7 40 Octo. 1 4 50 6 26 10 47 13 13 5 24 7 10 10 5 0 6 56 10 8 13 52 5 4 7 0 20 〈◊〉 15 7 13 9 34 14 26 4 47 6 45 Nove. 1 5 35 7 34 8 52 15 8 4 26 6 25 10 5 44 7 49 8 21 15 39 4 16 6 16 20 5 54 8 0 8 0 16 0 4 0● 6 6 Dece, 〈◊〉 5 58 8 10 7 40 16 20 3 50 0 2 〈◊〉 6 0 8 11 7 34 16 23 3 59 6 0 〈◊〉 5 54 8 0 8 0 16 0 4 0 6 6 The use of the former Table. IF you would know at what hour the day break, the Sun rise and set, and how long the days and nights be, and when twilight ends, do thus: In the first row upon your left hand, find your month, and in the next row rightwards the day of the month, which are placed against the month three times, thus: 1, 10, 20, and when you want the just day, take the nearest, for it will serve precise enough: The day of the month thus found, proceed rightward against the said day, so shall you see the hour and minute of all the foresaid under their proper Titles, and against the said day of the month. As the 20 day of August the day breaketh at three of the clock and 8 minutes, the Sun riseth at 5 and 18 minutes, the length of the day is 13 hours, and 23 minutes, and so proceed forth. To find the hour of the day. MVltiply the sign of the suns Altitude (taken instrumentally) by the sign of the semidiurnal Ark, dividing the product by the sign of the suns Meridian altitude, reserving then the quotient, seek the ark answering to the same, as you be taught in the'seuenth book of my Staff, called Trigonometria, the which ark convert into hours, as you be also taught in the said seventh book: so have you the number of hours from Sun rising, if your observations were before noon, or the distance from Sun set, if they were in the afternoon. Otherwise. In the ensuing Scheme find the degree that the Sun is in, in the lowerend thereof, and in the side B A find the altitude of the Sun, then note where the line passing by the degree of the Sun parallel to B A, intersects with the line running from the altitude of the Sun, and parallel to D A, or C B: for the houre-line passing by that intersection is the hour of the day. Example. The 21 of April 1612 the Sun is in the 10 degree of 8, and 30 degrees high, the parallels issuing from which two places, intersect at E, and the houre-line passing by is marked with 8, and 4, so that if your observations were before noon, it had been 8, if after noon 4 of the clock. By this means the degree the Sun is in, and the hour of the day given, you may find his altitude the same hour, and contrary: also hereby you may find the rising and setting of the Sun, etc. and many other pretty conclusions which the ingenious will soon know, and I for brevities take omit. astrological chart The Meridian Line. South Signs Capricorn Scorpius Pisces Aquarius Libra North Signs Aries Virgo Taurus CAAP. XXXVII. To know how long the Moon shineth, when she riseth and setteth, with the cause of her less or greater light. THe Moon hath no light but what she receiveth of the Sun, being a dark and gross body, as is well manifested in the time of her eclipse, and though the vulgar think she is now partly lightened, and now total, the imagination is mere false, for she always retains one & the self same quantity of light at her quarters & other aspects, as at the full: for she is a round Globe, and that part of the globious body that beholdeth the Sun is always lightened: so that when she is near the Sun, the lightened half is averted and turned from us respectively to the Sun because she cometh more and more under the Sun, receiving thereby light upon her uppermost part, which beholdeth the Sun, and therefore the further she is from the Sun, the greater is her light, and to know how long she shineth, do thus: All the time of her increase multiply her age by 4, but in the decrease, or after the full, see what her age wanteth of 30, the which also multiply by 4, and make partition by 5, the quotient showeth the number of hours she shineth after Sunset, or before his rising. Lastly, the remaineder multiplied by 12 showeth the minutes to be added: for always whilst she doth increase, she followeth the Sun, and shineth after Sunset, her lightened part looking into the West: but decreasing she goeth before the Sun, and shineth before his rising, her lightened part looking into the East. To know when the Moon riseth and setteth. This rule, in respect of the manifold motions of the Moon, but chief in respect of her latitude, is not always so precise, they may serve for a shift, and sometime is precise. Note therefore the length of her shining, as before, and also note if it be in the increase or decrease of the Moon, and then for either work thus: All the increase to the hour of Sun rising, add the quantity of her shining, so have you her rising: the same quantity add to the time of Sunsetting, so also have you her setting. But after the full, take the quantity of her shining from the Sun rising, & you have her rising: the same also taken from Sunsetting, showeth the time of her setting, and if substraction cannot be made, borrow 12. But for such that cannot find the quantity of her shining Arithmetical, let them enter the ensuing Table with her age, finding the same in one of the rows descending, or ascending, in the first column upon the left hand, answering to which in the next column under the title, The Moons coming to South, shall you find the hour and minute of her shining: then for her rising and setting, work as before. CHAP. XXXVII. A Table to know the hour of the night by the Moon her coming to the South, the quantity of her shining, and full sea through England. The ☽ Age for her shining. The Moons coming to south. The Moves Age. High water at London Timot. Hartlepol Bristol. Gravesend Berwick Ost-end. D D H M D D H M H M H M H M 1 29 12 48 1 16 3 48 7 33 2 18 4 33 2 28 1 36 2 17 4 36 8 21 3 6 5 21 3 27 2 24 3 18 5 24 9 9 3 54 6 9 4 26 3 12 4 19 6 12 9 57 4 42 6 57 5 25 4 0 5 20 7 0 10 45 5 30 7 45 6 24 4 48 6 21 7 48 11 33 6 18 8 33 7 23 5 36 7 22 8 36 12 21 7 6 9 21 8 22 6 24 8 23 9 24 1 9 7 54 10 9 9 21 7 12 9 24 10 12 1 57 8 42 10 57 10 20 8 0 10 25 11 0 2 45 9 30 11 45 11 19 8 48 11 26 11 48 3 33 10 18 12 33 12 18 9 36 12 27 12 36 4 21 11 6 1 21 13 17 10 24 13 28 1 24 5 9 11 54 2 9 14 16 11 12 14 29 2 12 5 57 12 42 2 57 15 15 12 0 15 30 3 0 6 45 1 30 3 45 Note that the hour of the Moons coming to the South is the time of full Sea at Southampton, Quindborow, and Portsmouth. Against the age of the Moon in the third row, have you the time of the full sea in any of the havens upon the right hand: and if you desire to know the high water or time of the Tide in any other Haven in England, you must add the hours and minutes placed by the name of each Haven unto the hour of the Moons coming to the South: as the Moon being three dates old, cometh to the South at two of the clock, and 24 minutes: then if you desire the high water at Redban, you must add 45 minutes more, so have you 3 of the clock and 9 minutes. For the high water at Redban or Aberden add 45 minutes, for Dundee, S. Andrew's, Silly, 2 hours 15 minutes: for Frith, Leith, Dunbar, 4 hours, 30 minutes: For Flamot 5 hours 15 minutes: for Foy, Lyn, Humber, Waymouth, Dertmouth, Plymouth, 6 hours: For Milford, Bridgewater, 7 hours 30 minutes: For Portland, Peterport, 8 hours 15 minutes: For Orkenpoole, Orwell, 9 hours, Diep, Lux, Lenoys, 9 hours, 45 min. For Bolein, Dover, Harwich, Yarmouth, 10 hours 30 minutes: For Calais, Rye, and Winchelsy, 11 hours, 15 minutes. To know at what time the Moon will be full South any day in the year. Seek her Age in the third Column, answering to which in the second column is the hour of her coming to the South, and note all the increase she cometh to the South after Noon, that is, until she be 15 days old, and all the decrease she cometh to the South in the morning. To know what of the clock it is in the night by the Moon. Look upon any Sundial, and see what of clock it is by the shadow of the Moon (as you do by the Sun) noting how much it wants or is past 12 of the clack: for so much it wants or is past the hour of her coming to the South that day, which hour you be taught in the last note to find. Example. Upon a certain day I looked in a Sunne-dyall and found the shadow of the Moon to point at 10 of the clock, which wanted two hours of 12, the same day I also found her age 9 days, and thereby her coming to the South was at 7 hours and 12 minutes, therefore it wanted 2 hours of the same: so that it must be 5 of the clock and 12 minutes past: or if the same day the shadow had been at 2 after noon, it had been 2 hours past 7, and 12 minutes, to wit, 9 and 12 minutes: So of the rest. CHAP. XXXVIII. Astronomical Elections for physic and Chirurgery, depending upon the place, and course of the Moon. IF thy body be filled with naughty and superfluous humours, than were it connenient for thee to draw blood, so the heavens consent thereunto, and thy age agree therewith; which being not circumspectly weighed, it may be most dangerous to the Patient (of which no understanding man is ignorant) but when necessity urgeth, as for the Pestilence, Pleurisy, Frenzy, etc. then, though the Heavens deny, yet a vein is spcédily to be opened, ad aegri salutem. This considered of medicines some be purgative, some comfortive and others in the mean betwixt both. Medicines purgative be either Soluendo or Leniendo: In the first the Moon must be in Cancer, Scorpio, or Pisces. For the other the moon must be taken when she worketh more in moistness then dryness, being in a △ or * with Mars; and you must take heed in the hour of giving the medicine lest the Moon have any aspect with Saturn: for he congeals the humours, making the medicine work little: likewise let her be free from any aspect with jupiter: for he is the giver of life, the helper and comforter of the virtues: so that the medicine can but weakly expel the humours, making the body affected with an evil quality. Further, in all purgative medicines observe the ensuing Rules. The ☽ in S in ⚹ or △ with ♀, Purge choler ♀ not combust, With elelectuaries. The ☽ in S in ⚹ or △ with ☉, Purge phlegm. With elelectuaries. The ☽ in S in ⚹ or △ with ♃, Purge the Melancholy. With elelectuaries. The ☽ in ♏ in ⚹ or △ with ♀, Purge that choleric ♀ non usta With Potions. The ☽ in ♏ in ⚹ or △ with ☉, Purge the Plegmatick With Potions. The ☽ in ♏ in ⚹ or △ with ♃, Purge the melancholy. With Potions. The ☽ in ♓ in ⚹ or △ with ♀, Purge the choleric ♀ non usta, With Pills. The ☽ in ♓ in ⚹ or △ with ☉, Purge the Phlegmatic. With Pills. The ☽ in ♓ in ⚹ or △ with ♃, Purge the Melancholy. With Pills. The ☽ in ♎ or ♒ in ⚹ or △ with ♀, Purge that choleric ut suprà with any kind of medicine. The ☽ in ♎ or ♒ in ⚹ or △ with ☉, Purge the Phlegmatic. with any kind of medicine. The ☽ in ♎ or ♒ in ⚹ or △ with ♃, Purge the Melancholy. with any kind of medicine. But let not the Moon be in any of the signs that chaw the Cud, as ♈, ♉, ♑, for then the medicine will stay but a little with the patiented, causing him to vomit, unless you intent to purge by vomiting. Also in purging the melancholy let not Saturn have domunon, nor jupiter in purging the sanguine, or the liner; nor Mars the choleric, bitter sweats, etc. nor Luna the head, nor Mercury in purging the lungs. How the virtues be corroborated. The virtues be either Vital, Animal, or Natural; the Vital virtues remain in the heart, the Animal in the brain, and the Natural in the liver; the Vital virtues are governed of Sol and jupiter, the Animal of Luna, Mercury and Venus, and the Natural of jove and Venus. Other virtues be also governed of the planets, as the virtue Attactive is governed of Sol, the Disgestive of jove, the Retentive of Saturn, and the Expulsive of Luna. Also the signs thus govern the virtues, Aries and Sagitarius ruleth the Attractive, Gemini and Libra the Disgestive, Taurus and Virgo the Retentive, and Cancer and Pisces the Expulsive. Also the virtues be ruled by the planess thus: Sol the wellspring of the virtues Vital, Luna of the virtues Animal, Saturn of the Receptive, jupiter of the Augmentative, Mars of the Attractive, Venus of the Appetitive, and Mercury of the Imaginative: Therefore when you would fortify any of these virtues, fortify the planet signifying the same, and it is done. Rules for drawing of blood. In letting of blood you must know what persons are fit to bleed, and what not; and if they be fit, how it is with the Patient inwardly, for his complexion and age, and outwardly for the time of the year, time of the month, day and diet. For Complexion. For the Phlegmatic let the Moon be in Aries or Sagittarius when you draw blood. For the Melancholy in Libra or Aquarius. For the Choleric in Cancer or Pisces: and for the Sanguine in any of the aforesaid: Luna signum membrum dominans peragrante. For age let blood. In youth from the change to the first quarter. In middleage from the first quarter to the full. In elderage from the full to the last quarter. In old age from the last quarter to the change. For the time of year. The Spring is best, Harvest in different, the rest of the year had, and to be used but upon necessity. For the time of month. Let not blood three days before and after the change, the day before and after the Conjunction of Luna and Saturn; the like of the Conjunction of Luna and Mars. Let not blood Venus and Luna in Conjunction, while Venus is combust. Let not blood the day before and after the full Moon: the like observe the Moon in Conjunction with Saturn or Mars. The Moon in any aspect with jupiter or Venus, or in ⚹ or △ with Sol or Mars, produce a fit tune to let blood. The time of day. The morning fasting is best, or in the evening after perfect digestion, provided the air be temperate, and the wind not South. Such persons that be not fit to bleed, be they that he under 14 years, or more than 56 years old, or such that be exceeding fat, or very lean. And after bleeding use no violent exercise, no sleeping, venery, or gluttony. Meats good for the whole body, and of a Sanguine juice. Grapes Raisins, and Figs be good before meat, morning milk drunk fasting. Pullet's, Pigeons, Capenets, veal sucking young Pork, Beef not above three years old, Rice with Almond milk, Birds of the field, green Geese, Henne-egges new poch, not hard, pheasants, Partridges, and Fishes of stony rivers. Meat good to beget choler, and dry up watery phlegm. These ensuing used moderately, be very good for that purpose, else they burn and inflame: that is, sweet meats, Garlic, Onions, Honey, Pepper, Rocket, Léeks, old Wine measurably drunk. Meat good to temper Choler, and to assuage heat with moistness. New Cheese, Rapes, Lambs, Cucumbers, all great fish, Lungs, Brains, inward parts of Beasts, and meres full of sinews. Meat good to beget melancholy, and to mitigate heat with coldness. Beef, Hares-flesh, Brawn, salt meat, Fish, or flesh, old Cheese, hard Eggs, Apples unripe, thick wines, unleavened bread, Milk much sodden, Shell-fish, Brown bread, Fennell and Basill. Things good for many parts, and first good for the Head. Galingall, Marjoram, Rosemary, Roses, Hyssop, Camomile, Rue, and Frankincense. Good for the Heart. Cinnamon, Saffron, Cloves, mace, bugloss, Borage, Setuall, Rosemary, Mariorom, Musk and Nutmegs. Good for the Stomach. Quinces, Nutmegs, Saffron, Wormwood, Coral, Mint, Cloves, and Coriander prepared. Good for the Eyes. Fennell, Veruen, Cloves, Cold water, Celendine, Eye, bright. Good for the Liver. Lettuce, Liver-wort, Violets, Rose-water, Plantain, Fennell, and Cloves. Good for the Lungs Licoris, Raisins, Ahmonds, Dates, Lungwort and pennidice. Rules of Bathing. Baths be used for the cause of health or cleanliness, for cleanliness take the Moon in Libra or Pisces, in Sextile or Trine with Venus. Being used for health, consider if she sickness proceed of dryness or moistness. If of moistness, take the Moon in Aries, Leo, or Sagitarius, in sextil or Trine with Sol or Mars. If of dryness, let the Moon be in Cancer, Scorpio or Pisces, aspected as before with Jupiter or Venus. Elections for Ablactation, or weaning of Children. For delicateness take the Moon in Gemini, Virgo, Libra, or the first half of Sagittarius, well aspected with Venus. That they may be covetous the Moon must be in Leo, aspected with Mars. To be good husbands, and busy in the commodities of the earth take the Moon in Taurus, Virgo, and Capricorn, well affected with Mars. The Moon without Aspect, and furthest from the Sun, maketh them forget the Nurse. Elections for Husbandry. Before you plant or graft consider the wind, for if it be in the North or East cease thy labour. This foreknown plant or graft general, the Moon increasing in Taurus or Aquarius. Remove and set young trees in the last quarter, the Moon in Taurus or Capricorn, in September, October, November, and February. Sow all kind of Corn, the Moon increasing in Cancer. Set or sow all kind of seeds, the Moon well seated in Aries, Taurus, Cancer, Virgo, Libra, Capricorn, Aquarius or Pisces, but with this proviso, that your seeds, whose roots be round, be sown three or four days before or after the full moon; but for store take the increase from February to june. Gather fruits at the full, etc. Fell Coppice in the first quarter, shear sheep in the increase, and then cut hair to make it grow fast and thick. Cut vines in February, March, or September, the Moon increasing in Aries, Libra, or Scorpio. Libbe or geld cattle the Moon increasing, in Aries, Sagittarius, or Capricorn. muck your land, that the weeds may not grow thereby, in the decreasing. CHAP. XXXIX. Of the movable Feasts, and diversities of Easter, with the reason of our difference and the Romans. Having spoken of the changes of the Moon, etc. It followeth to speak of the movable Feasts, because they depend thereon, and have no fixed place in the Calendar, being six in number, to wit, Septuagesima, Quadragesima, Easter, Rogation Sunday, Ascension, and Whitsunday. Septuagesima is so called of 70, as it were containing 70 days, which the Church doth observe in remembrance of the 70 years that the children of israel were under the babylonical servitude, and is always three Sundays before Quadragesima. Quadragesima is simply said of 40, as containing 40 days, which the Church recounts in remembrance of the 40 days that Moses fasted, when he received the Laws of our Lord, Elias fasted so many days, & so many days fasted Christ before the tempter came; and because the actions of Christ should be instructions to us, therefore we should endeavour to fast so many days. Easter is the principal of all other Feasts and so ordained by God at first, and at this day there be three sorts, that is, Pascha Hebraeorum, the jews Easter, Pascha Verum, our Easter, and Pascha Nowm, the Romans Easter. The jews Easter was commanded to be kept the 14 day of the first month, called Abib, which day at Even was the Lords Passover, and the 15 day should be the holy Convocation, as you may see, Exod. chap. 12. verse 18. Levit. 23.5. Deut. 16.1. Numb. 28.16. Esdras. 7.10. And this 15 day is taken for the first day after the first full Moon, happening after the Spring Equinoctial: which institution the jews altered, holding a superstitious opinion of days, and thereby would not keep their Easter upon a Monday, Wednesday, or Friday, breaking thereby the commandedament of God like stiffnecked people, as in the 2 book of the Kings. chap. 23. v. 22. Our Easter was ordained 322 years after the Incarnation: for Constantinus Magnus noting the errors risen amongst the congregation of the Christians & the many contentions that continually rose after the Apostles time about the celebration of Easter, assembled from all Nations; 18 Bishops & other learned, as well Greeks as Latins & Egyptians, such that could withal well determine of the motions of the celestial bodies: Among whom was Eusebius, Bishop of Caesaria chief, being an excellent mathematician, and he kept them there two years upon his own cost and charges, and so 323 after the Incarnation there was a new Decemnovall, or Golden Number instituted, differing from that the Romans then used, which made it the longer before they would consent unto it: for by this new Circle Easter should be celebrated upon the Sunday next following the first fuil Moon that should happen after the entrance of the Sun into Aries, and this new institution continued not passing seven years after the Nicene Council: for in 330 there fell differences betwixt the Romans and the Greeks' about the same, which continued neers 200 years: and then in the time of justinianus the Emperor, Dionysius Abbas, a worthy Roman, Anno 527, began to draw Paschall Tables, and Rules Ecclesiastical, according as it was ordained at the former Council, which he finished Anno 532, and then at a council at Chalcedon it was established, that whosoever held any other Easter then that after the statutes of Rome, should be counted an heretic, and therefore till 1582, no man durst presume to alter the Easter, though they saw the Equinoctium still fly backwards from the 21 of March, insomuch that it is now about the 11, day, by reason of which anticipation sometimes there happens two full Moons before we can keep our Easter, which was a cause the Romans altered their Calendar, and thereby is there 28 days difference sometimes betwixt us and them, as in Anno 1557, 60, 71, 84. and 87, also there may happen 35 days, as in Anno 1565, 68, 76, 79, in all which years there happens two full moons betwixt our Easter, and the Spring Equinoctial, so did it 1595, and far more late, as 1603, and so shall it 1622, the which inconvenience the Romans finding, reform their Paschall Tables, whereby they produce Easter always the Sunday following the first full moon, according to the foresaid first general Council held at Nice in Pontus 322 years after the Incarnation: But now whether it be best for us to alter our Tables and Calendar according to that Council, I will not presume to argue: if some say all Christians used this we do 1055 years, I answer, the Nicene Council made no respect of the small want that the day in cucry Leap year wanted of 24 hours, being but 47 minutes, 12 seconds, as in the 21 Chapter: but since there is passed 1289 years this present year 1611. whereby the Equinoctial is gone before the 21 of March (as it was then observed) 10 days, and this is the cause of the difference betwixt us and the Romans, whereby the Astronomers are forced in their Registers to distinguish thus betwixt us and them, Annus Nows & Vetus, and so of the Calendar, and of Easter, and the other movable feasts, as before, but this volume is too short for an ample discourse. Now Easter hath divers names, according unto the diversity of Nations, with the Hebrews it is called Pascha, with the Greeks', Basis, and with the Latins Transitus, with us Easter. Rogation Sunday is so called, because nos rogat Ecclesia, the Church commanded us to contiune fasting, processions, and prayers as well against the bodily Wolves, such as late were in ●●tance, as also against the spiritual Wolves. Pentecoste is so called from 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, which is Quinquagesimus, because there be 50 days betwixt Easter and Whitsunday inclustuely, and this time the Church doth observe in remembrance of the Law given unto Moses in the burning mount, as also in memorial of the Holy Ghost, that appeared to the Apostles like cloven tongues as you may read Acts 2.1. And these be called movable Feasts for that they have not any fixed place in the Calendar, by reason of the celebration of Easter, whereupon the finding of all the rest depend. CHAP. XL. To find all the movable Feasts for ever according to our English Calendar. ENter this Table seeking the Golden Number in the first row descending upon the left hand, which having found, proceed directly unto the right hand, until you come under the Dominical letter for the proposed year: so shall the number in the common angle show you the number of weneks of Interuallum Minus, and the number just over the Dominical Letter, are odd days to be added, which is the distance of weeks and days betwixt the birth of our Lord, and Quinquagesima, or Esto mihi, which is Shrove-sunday. A Table of the distance betwixt Christmas day and Shrove-sunday, serving for the English Calendar. Prim 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 A B C D E F G 1 8 8 8 8 7 7 7 2 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 3 9 9 9 9 9 8 8 4 8 7 7 7 7 7 7 5 6 6 6 6 5 5 5 6 9 9 8 8 8 8 8 7 7 7 7 7 7 6 6 8 10 10 10 9 9 9 9 9 8 8 8 8 8 8 7 10 7 7 6 6 6 6 6 11 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 12 8 8 8 7 7 7 7 13 6 6 6 6 6 6 5 14 9 9 9 9 8 8 6 15 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 16 6 6 6 5 5 5 5 17 9 8 8 8 8 8 8 18 7 7 7 7 7 6 6 19 10 10 9 9 9 9 9 Example. 1613. The Golden number is 18, and the Dominical letter is C, finding therefore 18, in the fist row under Prime, and then proceeding rightwards, until I come under C, I find seven weeks, and over C 2 I conclude Interuallum minus, for from Christmas to Shrove-sunday is seven weeks and two days. This Interuallum minus being found, find the same in the ensuing Table, upon the first row upon the left hand, answering to which shall you find the rest of the movable Feasts in order, according as they be written in the front of the Table. Example. 1613. I found Interual. minus 7 weeks, 2 days, answering to which in the ensuing Table, is Quadragesima. Feb. 2. Easter day April 4. Rogation Sunday. may. 9 and so forth, and lastly Internal. maius, 25 weeks, which is the number of weeks betwixt Trinity Sunday and Aduent Sunday. A Table whereby to find the Movable Feasts in the English Calendar. Interual. Minus. Quadragesima. Easter day. Rogation. Ascension day, Whitsunday. Aduent Sunday. Interuallum maius. we day. 5 3 8 Febr. 22 Mar 26 Apr 0 Apr● 10 Ma. 29. No. 27 5 4 9 23 27 1 May. 11 30 27 5 5 10 24 28 2 12 1 Decem. 27 5 6 11 25 29 3 13 2 27 6 0 12 26 30 4 14 3 27 6 1 13 27 1 May 5 15 27 No. 26 6 2 14 28 2 6 16 28 26 6 3 15 29 3 7 17 29 26 6 4 16 30 4 8 18 30 No. 26 6 5 17 31 5 9 19 1. Decem. 26 6 6 18 1 April 6 10 20 2 26 7 o 19 2 7 11 21 3 26 7 1 20 3 8 12 22 27 No. 25 7 2 21 4 9 13 23 28 25 7 3 22 5 10 14 24 29 25 7 4 23 6 11 15 25 30 25 7 5 24 7 12 16 26 1 Decem. 25 7 6 25 8 13 17 27 2 25 8 0 26 9 14 18 28 3 25 8 1 27 10 15 19 29 27 No. 24 8 2 28 11 16 20 30 28 24 8 3 Mar. 1. 12 17 21 31 29 24 8 4 2 13 18 22 1 June, 30 24 8 5 3 14 19 23 2 1 Decem. 24 8 6 4 15 20 24 3 2 24 9 o 5 16 21 25 4 3 24 9 1 6 17 22 26 5 27 Nou. 23 9 2 7 18 23 27 6 28 23 9 3 8 19 24 28 7 29 23 0 4 9 20 25 29 8 30 23 9 5 10 21 26 30 9 1 Dece. 23 9 6 11 22 27 31 10 2 23 10 0 12 23 28 1 June. 11 3 23 10 1 13 24 29 2 12 27 No. 22 10 2 14 25 30 3 13 28 22 One thing note in the use of this Table, that the Leap-yeare hath two Letters, as GF, BASILIUS, DC, FE, AGNOSTUS, CB, or ED, the first of these always beginning the year, as in Chap. 30. but you must enter this Table with the later. To find the Movable Feasts otherwise. Seek the change of the Moon in February, for that year, as in Chap. 31. the next Tuesday after is Shrove-tuesday, but if the change be upon Tuesday, than the next Tuesday following is Shrove-tuesday, than the next Sunday is the first Sunday in Lent, six Sundays after is Easter day, to which add 5 weeks, so have you Rogation Sunday, then is it four days more to Ascension day, from which proceed forwards 10 days for Whitsunday, the next Sunday after is Trinity Sunday, and the next Thursday, Corpus Christi day. CHAP. XLI. To find the Movable feasts according to the Roman Church. THe Romans say they do observe their Easter & that movable feasts both according to God's commandment, and according to the Edict in the Council of Trent: the truth thereof I leave to the learned, and here set down how to find it for Merchants and others that have to do beyond the seas. To have their Easter, you must first find the Epact, (for they have rejected the Golden Number in that behalf) and yet doth their Epact often miss a day, sometimes two, and seldom hit truly the day of the new Moon, even as with us it doth. But to find the first find the Golden Number in the ensuing Table, under it is the Epact. An. Do. 1614 1615 1616 1617. 1618. 1619 1620 1621. 1622 1623. An. Do. 1624. 1625 1626. 1627. 1628. 1629 1630 1612 1613 Prime 19 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Prime 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Epact 19 1 12 23 4 15 26 7 18 29 Epact 10 21 2 23 24 5 26 27 8 And this is a perfect agreement of the Prime and Epact in the new Roman Calendar, and is true until 1700. And for your more ease I have added the year of our Lord God unto 1630, so that knowing what year of our Lord it is, you have under it both the Prime and Epact, and when these years of our Lord God be expired, then set 1631 where 1612 is, and 1632 where 1613 is, and so proceed, whereby you make your Table serve so long as the Epact and Prime agree which is until 1700 be past: or take 10 from our Epact found, Chap. 30. so have you the Roman Epact till 1700, after which time deduct 11 for the correption of the years. Now to find the movable feasts according to the Romans, do thus: First, find the Epact, as before, and then the Dominical Letter for the Tabula Paschatis nova Reformata. Lit. Do. Cyclus Epactarun. Dies Cinerum. Pascha Resurre. Ascensio Domini. Pentecostes Aduent. Domini. D 23.22.21.20.19.18.17.16.15.14.13.12.11.10.9.8.7.6.5.4.3.2.1. * 29.28.27 26.25, 25.24 4. Febr. 11. Feb. 18. Feb. 25 Feb. 4 mar. 22. Ma. 29. mar. 5 April. 12. Apr. 19 Apr. 30. Apr 7 May 14. may 21. may 28 may 10 May 17 may. 24 may. 31. may. 7. June 29. No. 29 29 29 29 E 23.22.21.20.19 18.17.16.15.14.13.12.11.10.9.8.7.6 5, 4, 3.2.1. * 29.28.27.26.25.25.24. 5. Febr. 12 Feb 9 Febr. 26. Feb. ●. mar. 23 mar. 30. mar. 6 April. 13. Apr. 20. Apr. 1. may. 8. may 15 may. 22. may 29. may 11 may. 18 may. 25 may. 1 june. 8 june. 30. No. 30 30 30 30 F 23.22.21.20.19.18.17.16.15.14.13 12.11.10.9.8.7.6.5.4.3.2.1. * 29.28.27.26.25.25.24 6 Freb. 13. Feb. 20. Feb. 27 Feb. 6 mar. 24. mar. 31. mar. 7. April. 14. apri. 21 Apr. 2. may. 9 may. 16. may. 23, may. 30. may 12 may. 19 may. 26 may 2 june. 9 june 1. Deec. 1 1 1 1 G 23.22.21.20.19.18.17.16.15 14.13.12.11.10.9.8.7.6.5.4.3.2.1. * 29.28.27.26.25.25.24. 7. Febr. 14 Feb. 21. Feb. 28 Feb. 7 mar. 25. mar 1. April. 8. April. 15. Apr 22 Apri. 3 may. 10 may. 17 may. 24 may. 31 may 13 may. 20 may 27. may 3. june. 10 jun. 2. Dece. 2 2 2 2 A 23.12.21.20.19.18.17.16.15.14.13 12.11.10.9.8.7.6.5.4.3.2.1. * 29 28.27.26.25.25, 24. 8. Febr. 15 Feb. 22 Feb. 1 Febr. 3 mar. 26. mar 2. April. 9 aprill. 16. apr. 23. apr. 4. may. 11 may. 18. may. 25. may 1 june. 14. may 21 may. 28 may 4 june. 11 jun 3 Dece. 3 3 3 3 B 23.22.21.20.19.18.17.16.15.14.13.12.11.10.9.8.7.6.5.4.3.2.1 * 29.28.27 26.25.25.24. 9 Febr. 16 Feb. 23. Feb. 2. mar. 9 mar. 27 mar 3 aprill 10 april. 17. apr. 24. apr. 5. may. 12. may 19 mar. ●6. may 2. june. 15 may 22 may. 29 may. 5 june. 12 jun. 2. No. 27 27 27 27 C 23.22.21.20.19.18.17.16.15.14.13.12.11.10.9.8.7.6.5.4.3.2.1. * 29.20 27.26.25.25.24. 10. Feb. 17. Feb. 14. Feb. 3. mar. 10. mar. 28. mat. 1●. april. 11. april. 18. april. 25. april. 6. may. 13 may. 20. may 17 may. 3 june 16 may 23 may 30 may. 6 june. 13 jun. 28. No. 28 28 28 28 proposed year, as you be after taught; these had, find the Dominical letter in the last Table upon the left hand, then in the square answering to that letter find the Epact amongst the numbers there set: this had proceed right wards in the same line, so shall you have the day and month that any of the feasts written in the top of the Table happeneth upon. This needeth no example. One thing note, if the proposed year be Bissextile, then must you find Dies Cinerum, or Ash-wednesday, with the former of the letters, and the rest of the feasts with the later letter. A Table to find the Circle of the Sun and Dominical Letter in the Roman Calendar, till after Anno 1700. Ann. Do. 1612 1613 1614 1615 1616 1617. 1618. 1619 1620 Cyclus ☉ 25 26 27 28 1 2 3 4 5 Litera Domini AGNOSTUS F E D CB A G F ED Ann, Do. 1621. 1622 1623. 1624. 1625 1626. 1627. 1628. 1629 Cyclus ☉ 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Litera Domini C B A GF E D C BA G Ann Do. 1630 1631 1632 1633 1634 1635 1636 1637 1638 1639 Cyclus ☉ 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 2● Litera Domini. F E DC B A G FE D C B The use of this Table is: Find the Circle of the Sun for the proposed year, so have you the Dominical Letter under it: or find the year of our Lord, so have you the Circle of the Sun, and Dominical Letter under the same. And this Table you make perpetual, if when the years of our Lord there placed be expired, you place 1640 where 1612 is, and so proceed, and when that circle of years be finished, set 1667 where 1640 was, proceeding forth in like manner. CHAP. XLII. Of the Ember and Fasting-days, as also of the times of Marriage. THere be four times in the year called Anni quatuor tempora, which the Church hath appointed for jeiuniall or fasting dayee, every of which times containeth three days, Wednesday, Friday, and Saturday: two of which fasts depends on days fixed, the other upon days movable: First, we fast in the Spring to the end as all things than flourish, so may also the works of men: in Summer, that we may be in charity: in Autumn, that we may bring forth the fruits of good works: and in winter, that as the leaves fall from the trees, and small hearhes die, so vice may be killed in us, and superfluities fall from us: Or we razed to temperate and moderate the humour predominating that quarter, as Choler in Summer, etc. as in Chap. 27. the which fasting days be The Wednesday, Friday and Saturday after Quadragesima, The Wednesday, Friday and Saturday after Whitsunday, The Wednesday, Friday and Saturday after Holy Cross. The Wednesday, Friday and Saturday after Saint Lucy's day. But if Holy Cross, or S. Lucy's day fall upon a Wednesday, then take the Wednesday following: as for other fasting days, they be noted in the Calendar. And the cause wherefore the Romans and we observe no fasting day, betwixt the Resurrection and Ascension day is (as I take it) grounded upon this Text: Can the children of the Marriage Chamber fast whilst the Bridegroom is with them, etc. Mark. 2.19. Times prohibited from Marriage. from after Aduentsunday after Septuagesima 3 days before the Ascension. till 8 days after the Epiphany. from after Aduentsunday after Septuagesima 3 days before the Ascension. till 8 do. after Easter Trinity Sunday. CHAP. XLII. Of Weights and Measures used in England. In England we commonly use two kind of weights, as Troy, and Auerdupois: by the Troy weight we weigh wheat, bread, gold, silver, and such like, and this Troy weight contains in every pound 12 ounces, every ounce 20 penny weight, every penny weight 24 grains, whereby a Mark weight is 80 ounces, as in the ensuing Table. Grains 5760 2880 1440 960 480 240 120 60 24 12 6 Penny weight 240 120 60 40 20 10 5 2½ 1 1½ 7/4 Ounces. 12 6 3 2 1 ½ ¼ Pounds. 1 ½ ¼ By the weight Auerdupois is weighed all kind of Grocery, all physical drugs, all gross wares, as Rosin, wax, pitch tar, tallow, hemp, flax, etc. and all Iron, steel, lead, tin, copper, alum, copporas, etc. and though the pound of this weight be greater than the pound Troy, yet is the ounce less, because the pound Troy hath but 12 ounces; and the pound Auerdupois 16 ounces, as in the Table ensuing: & you must note that the Auerdupois pound is divided into Grains, Scruples, Dragmes, and so to ounces every one having a proper Character to express the same, as is set after the Table. Grains 7680 3840 1920 480 240 120 60 30 15 ●0 1● 5 Scruples 384 192 96 24 12 6 ● 11/● ¾ 7 7/2 7/4 Dragms 128 64 32 8 4 2 7 ½ ¼ Ounces 16 8 4 1 7/2 ¼ Pounds 1 ½ ¼ Grains gr. Scruples ℈. Dragmes ʒ. Ounces ℥. Pounds. £. How Ale and Beer is measured. These two sorts of Liquor are measured by Pints, Quarts, Pottles, Gallons Firkins, Kilderkins, or half barrels & barrels, as in the ensuing table, & these & such like be concane measures. Beer Measures. Ale Measures. Pints. 288 144 72 8 4 2 256 128 64 8 4 2 Quarts. 144 72 36 4 2 1 128 64 22 4 2 1 Pottles. 72 36 18 2 1 64 32 1● 2 1 Gallons. 36 18 9 1 32 16 8 1 Firkins. 4 2 1 4 2 1 Kilderkin 2 1 2 1 Barrels. 1 1 How Wine, Oil, and Honey is measured. One Gallon of Wine contains 8 pound of Troy weight, whereby are measured the vessels in the ensuing Table. Pint. 2110 1008 67● 504 336 252 128 8 4 2 Quart. 1008 504 336 252 168 126 64 4 2 1 Pottle. 504 252 168 126 84 63 36 2 1 Gallon. 152 126 84 63 42 31½ 18 1 Rundlet. 14 7 4 ⅔ 3 ½ 2 ⅓ 1 ¾ 1 Barrels. 8 4 2 ⅔ 2 1 ⅓ 1 Tierce of a pipe 6 3 2 1 ½ 1 Hogshead. 4 2 1 ⅓ 1 Punchion. 3 1 ½ 1 Pipe or But. 2 1 Tun. 1 Measures of Grain. All kind of grain is measured by Troy weight of which 8 pounds make a gallon, whereof are made Pints, Quarts, Pottles, Gallons, Pecks, Haise-bushels, Bushels, Strikes, or half coombs, Cornoockes, Coombes or half Quarters, Quarters, or Seams & Lasts, whose quantity behold in the ensuing Table. Pints. 5120 2560 512 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 Quarts. 2560 1280 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 Pottles. 1280 640 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 Gallons. 640 320 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 Pecks. 320 160 32 16 8 4 2 1 Half-bushels 160 80 16 8 4 2 1 Bushels. 80 40 8 4 2 1 Strikes. 40 20 4 2 1 Cornoockes 20 10 2 1 Quarters. 10 5 1 Last 1 And know that the Barrel, and half barrel of Herrings, and likewise of Butter and Soap, are the same measure used for Ale. Herring are counted by the hundreds, thousands, and Lasts; a Last being 10000 every thousand being 1200, which is 12000 Herrings in the Last, at 120 the hundred. Of Iron and Lead. Iron is counted by the Pound, hundred, and Tun, and Led by the pound, hundred, and fodder. Iron. Pound. 2240 112 Hundred 2 1 Tun. 1 Lead. Pound, 2184 122 Hundred 19 ½ 1 Fodder. 1 Tin, Copper, and Latin have 112 pounds to the hundred. Of Fuel. All fuel is sised by the statute, of which there be Shids, Billets. Faggots and Coals: all Shids must be four foot long beside the carfe, and upon them is 1.2.3.4 or 5 marks or notches, and then they must be in compass about the midst 16.23.28 33 or 38 inches, according as it hath number of marks All Billets should be three foot long, and there be three kinds thereof, as the Single, a Cast, and a Cast of two, the first being 7½ inches about, the next 10, and the last 14 inches compass. Faggots should be three foot long, and the band beside the knot 24 inches made round, for your flat Faggots be much less, though they be all one compass about. The Sack of Coles is 4 bushels. How things be Numbered. Furs. Sables, martin's, Minx, jenits, Filches, & Gray's have four skins in the Timber. Coney, Kid, Lamb, Budge, Cat, etc. have five score in the hundred. The skins of Goats are numbered by the kippe, which is 50, and Calves by the dozen 12, I means being tanned. There is also in Leather hides Dickers & Lasts, the Last is 20 Dickers, or 200 hides, a Dicker is 10 hides. Of Fish. Ling, Cod, or Gaberdine hath 124 to the hundred: Stockfish 120 to the hundred, so hath Herring. A Last of Barrell-fish is twelve Ale Barrels. Of Paper and Parchment. A Bale of paper is 10 Ream, or 200 quires, a Ream is 20 quires, or 500 sheets, a choir is 25 sheets. A Roll of parchment is 5 dozen, or 60 skins; a dozen is 12 skins. Of Wool. A Last of wool is 4368 pounds, or 12 sacks: a sack is 364 pounds, or 2 ways: a weigh is 182 pound, or 6 Toddes and a half: a Todde is 28 pounds, or two stone: a stone is 14 pound, and a cleave is half a stone, so that a Last hath 312 stones, and 156 Toddes, and a Sack hath 26 stones. CHAP. XLIIII. Measure in Longitude, and of the length and the breadth and compass of England, Ireland, and the adjacent Islands. Three barley corns make an inch, 12 inches a foot, 3 foot a yard, 5 yards and a half a perch, 40 perches in length, and 4 in breadth an Acre, 4 in breadth, and 10 in length a rood, or quarter of an Acre, so that an Acre hath 43560 square feet, 4840 square yards, and 160 square perches. Also an English mile is 8 Furlong, 88 scores, 320 perches, 1056 paces, 1408 , 1760 yards, 5280 feet, 63360 inches, 190080 Barley corns, as you may see more largs in my Geodeticall Staff, Lib. 2. The compass of the earth is 360 degrees, or 21600 Italian miles, or 5400 common German miles, or 4320 miles of Suevia, whose diameter is 6872 8/11 Italian, 1728 2/11 German, or 1397 6/11 miles of Suevia. The compass of the Heavens is 1017562500 miles, and so much doth the Sun go in 24 hours according to the motion of the first Mover, and in his mean motion in the zodiac he goeth every day 2826562 ½ miles, so that his peragration in respect of his compassing the heavens every natural day, is 306392500000 miles in the whole year. Measures of England, and the adjacent Islands. The compass of England is 1532 miles. The greatest length thereof Northwards and Soothwards is from Berwick to the Lands end, which not crossing the sea is 386 miles. The shortest length from Berwick to Calshot Castle in Southampton shire is 286 miles. The brodest place of England from the Lands end to Sandwich is 279 miles. From S. David's in the West in Penbrookeshire, through the midst of Worcester and Warwickshire Eastward to Yarmouth in Norfolk is 240 miles. And this is the next brodest place in England. Of Ireland. Ireland, rejecting adjacent Islands, and some Indraffes, is in compass 948 miles. The length Northward and Southward is 303 miles. The breadth East and West is 113 miles. Being taken in the South parts from the uttermost point of the Continent Westwards, to the East point of Cilana, lying over-against S. David's in Penbrookeshire. The Isle of man.. The Isle of Man is in compass 91 miles. The length is 28 miles. The breadth 18 miles. The Isle of Anglesea. Mona or Anglesea is in compass 85 miles. The length 21 miles. The breadth 18 miles. The Isle of Wight. The Isle of Wight is in compass 57 miles. The length 22 miles. The breadth 11 miles. CHAP. XLV. To know how to reckon how much your daily expenses cometh unto in the whole year very readily without a Table, or Calculation. TO avoid all Tables, and to give you a ready rule to bear in memory, do thus: Suppose you spent 6 pence the day, and would know what it amounteth unto in the year, which to do, say thus: six pence the day, is six pounds, six half pounds, and six groats, which set together, maketh 9 pounds two shillings. Again 7 pence the day is 7 pounds, 7 half pounds, and 7 groats in the year, which set together, maketh 10 pounds 12 shillings, and four pence: The like of any other. How Money is numbered in England. The greatest piece of English silver now coined ordinarily at the Tower is called 12 d. or a shilling, and that is divided into two parts, which be called 6 pence, or testons, and that is subdivided into two other parts, called 3 pence, being one fourth part of the shilling. Again, the 12 pence is divided into 6 parts, every of which part is called 2 pence The shilling is divided into 12 parts called pence, into 24 parts called half pence, and into 48 parts called farthings: we have now a piece of silver stamped, which is the ¾ of a shilling, called 9 pence, and the half of that called 4 pence half penny, three of which make a Scottish mark, which is 13 pence half penny sterling: out of these small pieces there is made other sums, that have proper and peculiar denominations, as Crowns, Nobles, and Marks, and their halves, a Crown is 5 shillings, a Noble 6 shillings 8 pence, a mark 13 shillings 4 pence, or two Nobles: four Nobles is 26 shillings 8 pence: five Nobles is 33 shillings 4 pence: seven Nobles is 2 pounds 6 shillings 8 pence: 14 Nobles is 4 pounds, 13 shillings 4 pence, and 20 Nobles is 6 pounds 13 shillings 4 pence. Again, four Marks is 2 pound 13 shillings 4 pence: five Marks is 3 pound 6 shillings 8 pence: 20 Marks 13 pound 6 shillings 8 pence: 40 Marks is 26 pound 13 shillings 8 pence: And an hundred Marks is 66 pound 13 shillings, 4 pence. A brief remembrance of the principal Fairs in England and Wales, the month, Day, and Place where they be kept, more largely set forth then heretofore. ¶ Fairs in january. THe third day at Llanybyther: Tuesday after the Twelve-day, at Salisbury, and at Melton Mowbray: Thursday after at Banbury, and at Litterworth: 7. at Llanginnie: 25. at Bristol, Churchingford, Gravesend, and at Northalerton every Wednesday from Christmas till june: 31. at Llandyssell. ¶ Fairs in February. THe first day, at Brumley: the second at Lin, , Maidstone, Budworth, Reading, Bicklesworth Vizes, and at Whitland: the third at Borgrove: the eighth, at Tragarron: the ninth, at Llandaffe: the 14. at Owndle and at Feversham: the 24. at Vppingham, Higham-ferries, Walden, and at Tewksbury: On Shrove-munday at New-castle-under-line: On Ash-wednesday, at Lichfield, Exeter, Roystone, Abington, Cicester, Tamworth, Dunstable, Tunbridge, Fockingham, and Eton: The first Monday in Lent, at Winchester, and at Chersay in Surrey: The first Tuesday in Lent, at Bedford, the first Thursday in Lent, at Banbury. ¶ Fairs in March. THe first day, at Llangadog. Madrim, and at Llangevallah: the eight, at Tregarron: the 12. at Stamford, Sudbury, Wooborne. Wrexham, and at Bodnam: the 13. at Wye, and Bodwin: the 17. at Patrington: the 18. at Sturbridge: the 20. at Alesbury, and at Durham: the 24 at Llanerchimeth: the 25. at Northampton, Malden, Cardigan, Malpas, Saint Albon, Ashwell, Huntingdon, all the Ladidayes, at Saint jones in Worcester, & at Woodstock: the 31. at Malmesbury. Mio-lent Sunday at Saffronwalden, and at Odiham: Monday before the Annunciation, at Kendal, Wisbich, and at Denbigh: the fifth Sunday in Lent, at Grantham, Salibury, Sudbury, and at Helxsome: Wednesday before Palme-sunday, at Drayton: Thursday at Llandissell: Palm-Sunday Eus, at Newport, Pomfret, Leicester, Skipton, Ailesbury, and at Wisbich: Palme-sunday, at Worcester, Llandaurenuoure, Billingsworth, and at Kendal: wednesday before Easter, at Llanuillinge and at Kaerline: Thursday before Easter, at Sudmuster, and at Kettering: On Good-friday, at M●llaine, Bishops-castle, Action-burnell, Longuer, Risborow, Bury, Amptill, Bishops-hatfield, Brewton, Hinningham, Rotheram, Ipswich, S. Pombes, Gilford, Nutly, Engfield, and Charing. ¶ Fairs in April. THe second day at North-fléet, Rochfort, and at Hitchin, the third, at Leek: the fifth, at Wallingford: the seventh, at Derby: the ninth, at Billingsworth, the monday next after, at Euesham: the 22 at Stabford: the 23. at Chichester, Tamworth, Ipswich, Charing, Amptill, Hinningham, S. Pombs, Bury, Wilton, Wortham, Brewton, castle Combs, and at Bewdley: the 25. at Derby, Vttoxeter, Dunmow, Colebrook, Buckingham, Winchcomb, and at Cliff: the 26. at Tenderden, and at Clete: Monday in Easter week, at Gainesborow, and at Onay: tuesday in Easter week, at Daintrée. Hitchin, Brails, Rochfort, Sandbach, and at Northfleet: wednesday in Easter week at Wellingborow: Friday at Derby, Saturday at Skipton: Monday after Lowsunday, at Bicklesworth, Euesham, and as Newcastle under-line. ¶ Fairs in May. THe first day, at Leycester, Warwice, Oswestrée, Kinuar, worsworth, Brickehill, Congerton, Reading, Stow the old, Pombridge, Chensford, ford, Perin, Andover, Maidston, Llantrissent, Vske, and at Grighovel: the second, at Pwllhely: the third at Stafford, Bromyard, Nun-eaton, Rats-dale, Waltham abbey, Elstow, Hinningham, Chersay, Chepnam, Cowbridge, Aberganennie, Mounton, Denbigh, Merthir and Tiduile: the fifth, at Marchenlleth: the sixth at Almesburie, Hoy, and Knighton: the seventh, at Beverly, Newton, Oxford, Stratford upon avon, Hanslop, and at : the ninth, at Maidstone: the tenth, at Ashburne: the 11 at Dunstable: the 15. at Welshpoole: the 16. at Llangarranogge: the 19 at Rochester, Odehil, Mayfield, and Wellow: the 20. at Malmesbury: the 25. at Blackburne: the 26. at Lenham: the 29. at Crambrooke. Rogation week, at Beverley, Engfield: On Ascension Eve, at Darking, and Abergelcy: On Ascension day, at Bremmencham, Bishopsstratford, Kidderminster, Eccleshall, Wigan, Middle-with, Stopford, Chappell-Frith, Rosse, Burton upon Trent, Vizes, Brasted, Sudmuster, Eglesrew in Keames, Chappell-kinon, Bridgend, and Bewmarris: Monday after Ascension day, at Thacksteed: On wednesday after at Shrewsbury: On Friday, at Ruthin: On Whitsun-eve, at Skipton upon Cravon, Wisbich, and Newin: On Whitsun-munday, at Rat's dale, Rye-hill, Lenham, Kirbie, Stephen, Cribbie, Salisbury Chichester, Exeter, Darington, Bradforde, Ryegate, Bromyard, Linton, Burton in Landsdale, Shalforth, Whitchurch, Cockermouth, Applebée, Harstgréene, Oundle, Sleford, Saint jews, Agmunsham, Enesham, Amerson, and at Sittingborue: On Whitsun-Tuesday, at Melton-mowbray, Canterbury, Rochfort, Lewis, Midhurst, Epping, Perith, Long milford, Faringdon, Daintrée, Laightonbussard, High Knots-ford, Aihbie Delazouth, Longuer, Elsmere, Munmouth, Llanymthivery: On Wednesday, at Leek, Roystone, Newarke upon Trent, Sandbar, Llanbedder, Pont-stephen, and Llandebie: Whitsun-thursday, at Kingston and Cake-field: on Friday, at Derby, Cocksall, and at Stow in the Parish of Gwullyn: On Trinity-eve, at Rowell: On Trinity Monday, at Kendal, Tunbridge, watford, Spilsbie, Criswell, Raily, and vieth: On Tuesday after Trinity, at Abergavennie, and Radnor: On Wednesday, at Aberfrow: On Corpus Christi day, at Brimmidgham, Kiddermuster, Prescot, Saint Needs, Bishopsstratford, Banburie, Launimerchimeth, Newport in Munmouthshire, Neath, Eaglesrewe, Llangrist, Caerwid, and Haligh: On Friday, at Coventrie, Chepstow in Munmouthshire: Monday after Corpus Christi day, at Belton. ¶ Fairs in june. THe third day, at Ailesbury: the ninth, at Maidstone: the tenth, at Maxfield, Wellington, Newborough, Okingham, Hoit Llanwist, Newcastle in Emlin, and Kinwillgaio: the 13. at Newtowne in K●dewen: the 14. at Bangork: the 15. at Pershore, seven miles from worcester: the 16. at Newport in Keames, and Bealth: the 17. at Nigham-ferries, Stow-gréene, Hadstorke, and Llanuillinge: the 19 at Bridgenorth: the 21. at Ystradmeyricke: the 22. at Shrewesbury, and Saint Albon: the 23. at Barnet, castle Ebichen, and Dolgellie: the 24. at Westchester, Colchester, Wakefield, Horsham, Wenlocke, Croyden, Bedford, Bromsgrove, Barnewell, Gloucester, Lincoln, Peterborow, Windsor, Halifax, Lancaster, Ashburne, Bishops-castle, Tunbridge, Leicester, boughton-greene, Kerkehame in Aundernesse, Hartford, Kingston, Reading, Ludlow, Romford, Pemsey, Shaftsbury, Brecknock, and Preston: the 26. at Northop: the 27. at Burton upon trent, Falkestone, Llandogaine: the 28. at Royston, Hescorne, Saint Pombes, Machenlleth: the 29. at Woluerhampton, Stafford, Wem, Woodhurst, Marleborow, Mount-Sorrell, Lower-Knots-ford, Southam, Boulton by ballon, Peterborow, York, Onay, Buntingford. Vpton in Worcester-shire, Whitnay, Lemster, Westminster, Buckingham, Bromley, Senocke, Llambeder, Pont-stephen, Cardiff, Llamergaine, and Bala: the 30. at Maxfield. ¶ Fairs in july. THe second day, at Congerton, Wooburne, Huntingdon, Ashton underline, Smeth, and Swansey: the third, at Haverson: the fifth, at Burton upon Trent: the sixth, at Llanidlae, and Llanibither: the seventh, at Canterbury, Albrighton, Vppingham, Chippingnorton, Vizes, Burntwood, Chappel-Frith, Richmond, Tenbury, Haverford-west, Treshenimycha, Emlin, Castlemaine, Denbigh: Monday after Relique-Sunday, at Fodringay, and Haverhull: the 11. at Partney, and Lide: the 13. at Llaurhaidarmachnant: the 15. at Pinchbacke, and Gréene-steed: the 17. at Leek, Winchcomb, Saint Kenelmes', Llauvilling: the 20. at Betley, Uxbridge, Awferton, Bowline, Cateshy, Boulton in the Moors, S. Margaret's by Dartford, Odiham, Barkway, Ickleton, Tenbie, Neath, and Llanymthivery, at Woodstock: the 22. at Stonystratford, Bridgnorth, Battlefield Bicklesworth, Baynard's castle, Broughton, Clitherall, Keswicke, Norwich, Kingston, Marleborough, Tetbury, Winchester Colchester Mavolin-hill, Newarke upon Trent, Roking, Kidwallie, Withgrigge, and Ponterley: the 23, at Chestone, and Karnaruon: the 25. at Saint james by London, Saint james by Northampton, Bristol, Derby, Dudley, Chichester, Stone, Shifnall, Stamford, Louthe, Liverpoole, Thrapstone, Barcomstead, Buntingford, Doncaster, Baldock, walden, Tilbury, Ipswich, Ravenglasse, Crith, Brumley, Ashwell, Hatfield, Broadocke, Reading, Dover, Chilholme, Malmsbury, Aldergame Broomesgrove, Camden, Wigmor, Chickham, Trobridge, Rosse, Machembleth, Landengeiram, chappell-Iago, and Stackpoole: the 26. at Bewdley, Tiptrie, and Raiadargwy: the 27. at chappel-Frith, Richmond in the North, Warrington, Horsham, Canterbury, Malpasse, and Ashford. ¶ Fairs in August. THe first day, at Shrewesbury, Longhborough, York Newcastle upon Tine Selby. Newton, Dunstable, Bedford Saint Edes, Yelland, Northam-church Sledburne, Exeter, Thackesteed, Rumnay-maling, Fevers; ham, Wisbich, , Horseney, Karmarthen, Kaergwily Hay, Llantrissent, Chepstow, Llaurwest, and Flint: the fourth at Linton and Radnor: the ninth at Aberlew: the tenth, at Melton-mowbray, Chorley, Rugbie, Chidlee, Oundle, Seddyll, Weydon, Frodsham, Banbury, Alchurch, walton, Ludlow, Waltham, Farneham, Warmester, Toucelier, Croyley, Kilgarron, Haleigh, Saint Laurence by Bodwin, Diffringoliwich, Newborough, Kenwalgaio, Harley, and Marras: the 15. at Elesmere, Tutbury, Hinkley, Saint Albon, Belton, Huntingdon, Gis●orough, Cambridge, Goodhurst Kaerlile, Preston, Wakefield, Marleborough, Whitland, Cardigan Rosse, Swansey, Eglwysvait, Yminith, Newin, and Newport in Munmouth shire: the 16 at Rayaydargwy: the: 4. at London, Kiddermuster, Nauntwich, Pagets-bromley, Croylie, Northalerton, Tuddington, Faringdon, Tewksbury, Sudbury, Norwich, Dover, Oxford Chorley, Beggars-bush, Bromley, Aberconwey, Munmouth, and Mountgomety: the 28. at Sturbridge in worcestershire, Ashford, Talisarnegréene, and welshpoole: the 29. at Corby, Kaermarthen, Brecknock, and Kaerwis, Sunday after Saint Bartholomew, at Sandbich. ¶ Fairs in September. THe first day, at chappel-Siluy, Saint Giles in the bush, and Neath: the fourth, at Okkam: the seventh, at ware, & woodbury-Hill: at Scurbridge, wakefield, waltham on the woulds, Brewood, Drayton, Northampton, Atherstone V●cecester, Gleyborne, worseworth, Chalton, Partney, Bury, Huntingdon, wolf pit, Chattom, Smeathe, Reculuer, Malden, Snide, Rockingham, Hartford, Drifield, Llandissell, Kardigan, whitland, Cardiff, Tenby, and Bewmarris: the 13. at Pwlhely, and Newtowne in Kedwin: the 14. at Newport, Chesterfield, Richmond, Rippon, Stratford upon avon, V●rscley, Hetsbury, Smalding, waltham-Abby, Penhade, wootton, Denbigh, Newborough, Rosse, Muncton, and Abergavennie: the 15. at Raiadargwy: the 17. at Cliff, and Llamdlasse: the 20. at Llanuellie, and Ruthin: the 21. at Stafford, Shrewsbury, Nottingham, Peterborough, Kingston, Maiden's brackley Daintree, Bedford, Baldock, S. Edmundsbury, woodstock Lenham. Dover, Katherine-hill by Gilford, Croyden, Vizes, Marleborough Braintree, holden, wendover, Canterbury, Abergwilly, and Knighton: the 23. at Pancridge in Staffordshire, an Horse-fair 6. or 7. days: the 24. at Llanuillingh: the 28. at Dolgeth, and Kaermarthen: the 29. at westchester, Leicester, Lancaster, Ashburne, Saint Alban's, Saint jews, Uxbridge, Higham-ferries, Selby, Killingworth, Ludlow, Kingsland, Blackburne, Tuddington, Basingstocke, woodham-Ferry, Corkermouth, Maulton, wayhill, Buckland, Bishopsstratford, Sheford, Hull, Merthyr, Llanvihangell, Aberconwy, Llocher, Machenleth, Llanidlasse, wennir, 7. days, and at Hay. ¶ Fairs in October. THe Monday after Saint Michael, at Faseley: the third, at Boulton in the moors: the fourth, at Saint Michael: the sixth, at Saint Faiths besides Norwich, Havent, and Maidstone: the 8. at Chichester, Hereford, and Bishopsstratford, Swansey, Llambeder. Pont-stephen, harbour, Gainsborough, Blithe, Ashburne, Sabridgeworth, Hodnet, and Devizes; the 12. at Boulton in Furnace, and Llangoveth: the 13. at Tamworth, Drayton, Gravesend, windsor, Hitchin, Royston, Marshfield, Colchester, Stapforth, Staunton, Charing, Aberfrow, Newport in Munmouthshire, Leighton-bussard, and Edmundstow: the 18. at Bridgenorth, Burton upon Trent, wellingborough, Tisdale, wigan, Barnet, Banbury, Middle-wich, Ely, Bishops-hatfield, Brickhill, Newcastle, Faringdon, Henly in Arden, Marlowe, Vphaven, Tunbridge, Ashwell, York, wrickley, Holee, Charleton, Lawhadden, Kidwelly, Iske, and Radnor: the 19 at Saint Frideswides by Oxford: the 21. at Coventrie, Newarke, Cice●or, Stokesley, Lentham, Saffronwalden, Hereford, and Lanibither: the 28. at Whitchurch, Lemster, Warwick, lower Knots-ford, Abbey de la Zouch, Prestone in Aundernes, Hertford, Oxford, Biodenden, Warmester, Llanedy, Wision, and Aberconwey: the 29. at Talisarnegreene: the 31. at Ruthen, Wakefield, Stokesley, pwlhely, and Abermarles. ¶ Fairs in November. THe first day, at Ludlow, Mountgomery, Birklesworth, and Castlemaine: the second at leek, Lougborough, Maxfield, bishops-Castle, Elesmere, Belchingley, Mayfield, & Kingston: the third, at Kaermarthen: the 5 at Welshpoole: the 6, at Wellington, Pembridge, Newport-pond, called Cole-faire, Salforth, Lesforth Trigny, Andover, wet-shod, Hartford, Maling, Bedford, Marron, & Brecknock: the 10, at Wem, Shifnall, Lenton, seven days: Rugby, Lanibyther, and Aberwingrin: the 11. at Marleborow, Dover, Fockinghan, Newcastle in Emlin, Shaftsburie, Tlathera Maies, Aberkennen, Mummouth, Trean, and Withgrigge. Monday after Saint Martin, at Eaglesrow in Keames, at Karnaruon: the 13. at Gilford. the 15. at Llanithivery, and Machenleth: the 17. at Hide, Northampton, Spaldocke, Harlow, Lincoln: the 19 at Horsham: the 20. at Saint Edmundsbury, Heath, and Ingerstone: the 22. at Penibout, Sawthy, the 23. at Sandwich, Ludlow, from, Tudding●ton Kates-crosse, Bwelth, Bangor, and Carline, at Higham-ferries: the 28. at Ashburne: the 29 at Lawrost: the 30. at Bewdley, Oswestrée, Cubley, Boston, Warrington. Bedford in Yorkshire, Wakefield, Rochester, Gréene-stéed, Peterfield, Baldock, Amptill, Colingborough, Maiden-brackley, Narbert, Pecorées in Gower, Cobham, Gargreve, Preston, Harleigh, and Bradford. ¶ Fairs in December. THe fifth day, at Pluckley Dolgeth, and Newton: the 6. at S. Neids, Arundel, Ex●eter, Northwich, Grantham, Sevenocke, Woodstock, Hendingham: the seventh at Sandhurst: the eighth, at Leicester, Northampton, Kinuar, Malpasse, Clitherall, Helxsome, Whitland, Ka●digan, and Bewinarris, at Llanunen: the 21. at Hornebie, the 22. Llandilavawr, the 29. at Canterbury, Salisbury, and Royston. Of the Dimensions of England, and other parts of the World, according to other Authors. BRITAIN, as M. Pitheas, and Isidorus report, is in compass, 3825. miles, which is false, but Pliny saith, when this Dimension was taken, the Romans had knowledge but to the Forest called Caledonia. Agrippa saith, it is in length, 800. miles, and in breadth, 300. miles, and that Ireland is as broad, but not so long by 200. miles. Some of our own Countrymen have published the compass of England to be 4340 miles, and that the length from Berwick to Portsmouth, is 320 miles, and the breadth in the brodest place, which is from Dover (or rather from Sandwich) 300. miles but it is not so much, as you may gather by my dimensions before, which be truly set down. Of Europe. Pliny, Lib. 6. Chap. 31. saith, that Europe is in length 3748. miles, and that the breadth at the broadest is 250. miles. Agrippa would have it 910 from the bounds of Cyrene, ending at the Garamantes: for so far to them was known and discovered. Of Asia. Pliny also saith, that Asia is in length, 63750 miles, and in breadth from the Aethiopian Sea, to Alexandria, situate upon Nilus, 1875. and that Europe is scarce half so big as Asia. Also, that Europe is twice as much as Africa, and a sixth part over: so that by Pliny's Computation, in reducing all these parts together, Europe is a third part of the Earth, and an eighth portion over, and Asia a fourth part, and one 14 portion, and Africa a fifth part, with an overplus of a 16 portion. But the ignorance of these Authors is herein to be excused, in respect it is not so now: For since their time our travelers have found out, as it were, a new world, of which they were ignorant of, imagining no such thing, to wit, America, and Magellana, so that as they before divided the world into three parts, now be there slew such parts: but Pliny (like the Author of such another great English volume) was forward to write much upon reports, and that of the meanest, as Hunters, Fowlers, Shepherds, etc. And therefore since hath been called by some, Rusticus Mendax. But as his works he learned (though much matter impertinent, and erroneous) so is he in many things excusable. As for Europe, it now consists of above 28. Kingdoms, beside the Roman Empire. In length it containeth from the Cape of Portugal to the river Taneus 3800. miles, and in breadth, from the Archipelago to the Frise Ocean, 1200. miles, and is wasted upon the western and Northern part, partly by the Ocean, and partly by the Balthean Seas: as for the other four parts of the world, I cannot here stand further to speak of them. CHAP. XLVI. Of the difference of Gold in fineness, and the valuation of several pieces of Gold, with other necessary Tables. WHat is meant by Troy, or Auerdupois weight, is declared before, and what is meant by the ounce, etc. is expressed likewise in Tables for that purpose: It resteth therefore to give you a Table of the fineness of gold, because there is some gold better than other, and also to deliver the valuation of certain pieces of Gold. A Table of the difference of Gold. Angel Gold. French. Gold. Soveran Gold. A pound weight. 36. l. 33. l. 30. l. An Ounce. 3. l. 55. s. 50. s. The half ounce. 30. s. 27. s. 6. d. 25. s. Quarter of an ounce. 15. s. 13. s. 9 d. 12. s. 6. d. Half quart. of an ounce. 7. s. 6. d 6. s. 10. d 6. s. 3. d. Farthing gold weight. 3. s. 9 d. 3. s. 5. d ¼ 3. s. 1. d. ½ Peny weight. 3. s. 2. s. 9 d. 2. s. 6. d. A Grain. 1. d. ½ 1. d 12/48. 1. d. ½ But here you must note, that it is intended in this Table, a penny weight of Goldsmith's weight, which is made by the weight of 24 barley corns, dried, and taken out of the midst of the ear, 20 of which peny-weights make an ounce, and 12. ounces a pound Troy, as before. Of which weight the ensuing pieces of Gold, weigh, as followeth. A Table of the weight and valuation of several pieces of Gold. The Names of Gold. The weight. George Noble. 3. peny-weight. Angel Noble. 3. peny-weight, 7 grains ¼ The Real. 4. peny-weight, 23 grains First crown of K. H. 2. peny-weight, 9 grains. Salute. 2. peny-weight, 5 grains. Old Noble. 4. peny-weight, 9 grai. ½. ¼ Base Crown of K.H. 2. peny-weight. 2 parts of a Salve. 1. peny-weight, 11. grain. ⅛ Elizab. Sovereign. 3. peny-weight, 14 grains. Edward's Sovereign 3. peny-weight, 14. grains Great Sovereign. 10. peny-weight. Elizabeth Crown. 1. peny-weight, 19 grains. Sovereign of K. Ed 3. peny-weight, 14 grains Sovereign of K. H 4. peny-weight. French Noble. 4. peny-weight, 16 grains K. Edward. 3. peny-weight, 14 grains Unicorn of Scotland. 2. peny-weight, 10. grains Scottish Crown. 2. peny-weight, 5. grains. Philip's Real. 3. peny-weight, 10. grai. ½ French Crown. 2. peny-weight, 5. grain. ½ Old French Crown. 2. peny-weight, 5. grains. Philip's Crown. 2. peny-weight, 5. grains. ½ Flanders Rider. 2. peny-weight, 6. grain. ½ Flanders Crown. 2. peny-weight, 5 grains Flanders Real. 2. peny-weight, 10. grain. ½ Flanders Royal with the spread Eagle. 2. peny-weight, 6. grains. Flemish Angel Portigu. 3. peny-weight, 6. grains. Crusado with the cross standing. 2. peny-weight, 6, grains. Crusado. † 2. peny-weight, 6. grain. ½ Double Ducat. 4. peny-weight, 12. grain. Single Ducat. 2. peny-weight, 6. grain. ½ Double D. of Rome. 4. peny-weight, 13. gr. ½. ¼ Ducat of Rome. 4. peny-weight, 13. gr. ½. ¼ Double Pistolet. 4. peny-weight, 8. grains. Single Pistolet. 2. peny-weight, 4. grains. Ducat of Valence. 2. peny-weight, 6. grai. ½ Ducat of Florence. 2. peny-weight, 5. grains. Golden Castilion. 2. peny-weight, 23. grains Ducat of Castille. 2. peny-weight, 6. grain. ½ Ducat of Arragon. 2. peny-weight 6. grain. ½ Hungary Ducat. 2. peny-weight, 7. grains. The new restraint for the exportation of gold, according to the proclamation dated the 23 of November in the 9 year of his majesties reign of great Britain, France and Ireland, 1611. THe circumstance of this Proclamation is to restrain the great gain that is made by the exportation of our gold, as being like wise a consequent of the disproportion between the price of his majesties coins abroad, & here within his Kingdom. For which cause, & others, too long to recite, it is Authorized, the all several pieces of Gold hereafter mentioned, to be currant within this realm respectively hereafter, at the values following. The piece of gold called the Unite. 22 s. Double crown 11 s. Britain. crown. 5 s. 6. d. Thistle crown. 4 s. 4 d. ob. q Half crown. 2 s. 9 d. The coin of gold of Scotland, called the 6 l. piece. 11 s. Our gold called the Rose royal 33. s. Spur royal 16. s. 6 d Angel 11. s. These be not currant in Scotland. All other pieces of gold of his majesties progenitors, and now currant proportional to bears the like increase as followeth. Every piece of gold formerly currant for 30 shillings, to be 33 shillings. For ●0 s. to be 22 s. For 15 s. to be 16 s. 6 d. For 10 s. to be 11 s. For 5 s. to be 5. s. 6 d. For 2 s. 6 d. to be 2 s. 9 d.. But if the gold shall be too light, according to the abatements following, them any subject may refuse it. Every piece of gold currant for 30 s, must not want above 4 gr. di. Currant for 20 s. not to want above 3. gr. Currant for 15 s. not to want above 2. gr. Currant for 10 s. not to want above 2 gr. di. Currant for 5 s. not to want above 1. gr. Currant for 2. s. 6 d. not to want di. gr. A Note of a Necessary Table. Oftentimes tradesm●n & others buy their commomities by the hundreds & would retail by the yond, as 4. d. the l, is 1 l. 17. s. 4. D. the hundred at 112 to the hundred: for which purpose, & for any other sum there is an ensuing table, whose use is thus. Seek what you pay by the l in one of the left rows descending under pounds, answering to which rightwards under hundred is what it cometh unto at 112 the hundred: as 1 d. the l cometh to 9 s. 3. d. the hundred, & contrary, 7. s the hundred, is ob. q. the l. A Table for such as buy, or use retailing, at 112 in the hundred Pounds By the hundred Pounds. Hundred l s d l s d a q. 0 2 4 6. d. q. 2 18 4 a ob. 0 4 8 6. d. ob. 3 8 8 a ob. q. 0 7 0 6. d. ob. q. 3 3 0 1 penny. 0 9 3 7 pence. 3 5 4 1 penny q 0 11 8 7. d. q. 3 7 8 1 pen. ob 0 14 0 7. d. ob. 3 10 0 1 d. ob. q 0 16 4 7. d ob. q. 3 12 4 2 pence. 0 18 8 8 pence. 3 14 8 2. d. q. 1 1 0 8. d. q. 3 18 0 2. d. ob. 1 3 4 8. d. ob. 3 19 4 2. d. ob. q 1 5 8 8. d. ob. q: 4 1 8 3 pence. 1 8 0 9 pence. 4 4 0 3. d. q. 1 10 4 9 d. q. 4 6 4 3. d ob. 1 12 8 9 d. ob. 4 ● 8 3. d. ob. q 1 15 0 9 d. ob. q. 4 11 0 4 pence. 1 17 4 10 pence 4 13 4 4. d. q. 1 19 8 10. d. q. 4 15 8 4, d ob. 2 2 0 10 d. ob. 4 18 0 4. d ob. q 2 4 4 10. d. ob. q 5 4 4 5 pence 2 6 8 11 pence 5 ● 8 5. d. q. 2 9 0 11. d. q. 5 5 0 5. d. q. 2 11 4 11. d. ob. 5 7 4 5. d. ob. q 2 13 8 11. d. ob. q 5 9 8 6. pence. 2 16 0 12 pence 5 10 0 A most excellent Table for any man to use, first diligently calculated, 1605. What 100 pound forborn for any time under 21 years cometh unto according to the rate of 10 pound in the hundred, at compound interest: What 100 poundis worth for any time under 21 year before hand after the former rate, What 10 pound Annuitve is worth for any time under 21 years, according to 10 p: in the 100 yea: l s d q l s d l s d 1 110 0 0 0 00 18 2 0 1 10 2 121 0 0 0 8 12 11 17 7 1 3 133 2 0 0 75 2 8 24 17 4 4 146 8 2 2 68 6 0 31 14 0 5 161 1 0 1 62 1 10 37 18 2 6 177 3 1 1 56 8 11 43 11 1 7 194 17 5 0 51 6 13 48 13 9 8 214 7 2 0 46 13 0 53 7 0 9 235 15 10 2 43 8 2 57 11 10 10 259 7 6 0 38 11 1 61 8 11 11 285 6 2 2 35 1 0 64 19 0 12 313 16 10 2 31 17 9 68 2 9 13 345 4 6 3 28 19 4 71 0 8 14 379 15 0 0 20 6 8 73 13 4 15 417 14 6 0 23 18 10 76 1 2 16 459 9 11 3 21 15 5 78 4 9 17 505 9 0 0 19 15 8 80 4 3 18 555 19 10 0 17 19 8 81 0 3 19 611 11 10 0 16 7 0 8● 13 0 20 672 15 0 1 14 17 3 85 ● 9 21 740 0 6 2 13 10 3 86 9 9 CHAP. XLVII. Of the degrees of men before the Conquest. THe first was a Hertzoge, which was the Constable of England, and now in the Norman tongue, he is called a Duke. The next in the Saxons speech was a Markenrive, which is called a Marquis in the British tongue, and was chief in the horse camp. The next in the Saxons speech was an Elderman, which is now called an Earl, and he was judge in the County where he dwelled, & had the third part of the profits of the County-Court towards his pains and charges. The next in the Saxons time was a Vicecount, who in the absence of the Elder-man did execute justice, and in the Norman speech was called a Vicecount, and is now called a Sheriff, or Reave of the Shire. The next in the Saxons speech was a Thayne, which in the British tongue is interpreted a Dynast, and in the Norman speech a Baron, and in Latin is Thanus. The next degree was a Vavasour, which is now called a Knight Baronet, and he had his Manor place where he kept his Courts. The next in the British tongue was a Norghough, which after the Danish speech was called a Knight. The next degree was the Edleman, which we now call the Gentleman. I read not of Esquires, unless it were Laveffer, which the Linguists do rather interpret a Pursuivant. The next in the Saxons time was a Bocland-man, which the Danes called a Swain, and is now a Charterer, or Freeholder. The next in the Saxons time was Gebures, which we call Husbandmen. There is a degree called a Farmer, which properly is, as (some think) where a man letteth out land for a certain time for meats & drink, as you may read that Canutus Rex dedit firmario Ecclesiae de Glastenbury unam hidam terrae, etc. And this was only for the relief of old sickly Monks: but he is now a Farmer that can get a good living, and pay but a little for it to the Lord. There is yet another degree called Hlafordines, the which were bondmen and are now Copyholders, and their Lords were taled Hlafords'. CHAP. XLVIII. The order of the Nobility and all other degrees and estates of England as they were set and distinguished in the time of King Henry, etc. 1 Duke's of the blood royal. 2 Other Dukes. 3 The eldest sons of Dukes of that blood royal. 4 Marquesses. 5 The eldest sons of other Dukes. 6 Earls. 7 The youngest sons of Dukes of the royal blood. 8 The eldest sons of Marquises. 9 The eldest sons of Earls 10 Vicecounts. 11 The younger sons of Dukes. 12 The younger sons of Marquises 13 Barons. 14 The eldest sons of Vicecounts. 15 Knights of the order of S, George, which vulgarly be called Knights of the Garter. 16 Knights of the King's Counsel 17 The younger sons of Earls. 18 The younger sons of Vicecounts. 19 The eldest sons of Barons. 20 Knights Banerets. 21 The new order of Knights Baronet's. 22 Knights of the Bath. 23 Doctors of the King's Counsel. 24 Knights Bachelors 25 Esquires of the King's Counsel. 26 The eldest sons of Knights Banerets 27 This eldest son of Bachelor Knights 28 Esquires of the body. 29 The younger sons of Knights Banerets. 30 Esquires. 31 Gentlemen. The Nobility of England, according to their authority and degrees, as they be now living, 1611. Marks of Winchester. 1 Earl of Arundel. 2 E. of Oxford. 3 E. of Northumberland. 4 E. of Shrewsbury. 5 E. of Kent. 6 E. of Derby. 7 E. of Worcester. 8 E. of Rutland. 9 E. of Cumberland, 10 E. of Sussex. 11 E. of Huntingdon. 12 E. of Bath. 13 E. of Southampton 14 E. of Bedford. 15 E. of Penbroke. 16 E. of Hertford. 17 E. of Essex. 18 E. of Lincoln. 19 E. of Nottingham 20 E. of Suffolk 21 E. of Northampton 22 E. of Dorset. 23 E. of Salisbury. 24 E. of Exeter. 25 E. of Mountgomery 1 Vicecount Mountag. 2 Vicecount lisle. 3 Vicecount Rochester Carnborne. 1 Lord Abergevenny 2 L. Audley. 3 L. Zouch. 4 L. Willoughby of Eresby 5 L. Lawarre 6 L. Barkley 7 L. Morley 8 L. Stafford. 9 L. Scrope 10 L. Dudley. 11 L. Sturton 12 L. Herbert of Chepstow. 13 Lord Darcy of the North 14 L. Mount-eagle 15 L. Sands 16 L. Vaux 17 L. Windsor 18 L. Wentworth 19 L. Mordant. 20 L. Cromwell 21 L. Euers. 22 L. Wharton. 23 L. Rich. 24 L. Willowby of Panham. 25 L. Sheffeild. 26 L. Paget. 27 L. Darcy of Cliche. 28 L. Howard of Effingham. 29 L. North. 30 L. Chaundos. 31 L. Hunsdon. 32 L. S. john of Bletfoe 33 L. Burleigh. 34 L. Compton. 35 L. Norris. 36 L. Howard of Walden. 37 L. Knowles. 38 L. Wotton. 39 L. Ellesmere, & now Lord high chancellor of England. 40 L. Russell. 41 L. Grey of Groby 42 L. Petre. 43 L. Harrington. 44 L. Dawers. 45 L. Gerard. 46 L. Spencer. 47 L. Say and Sele. 48 L. Denny 49 L. Stanhop. 50 L. Carew. 51 L. Arundel of Warden. 52 L. Cavendish. 53 L. Knivet. 54 L. Clifton. Other estates of honour and dignity there be in respect of the office they bear, which are highly preferred, and take place, some of them, before the Nobility, as the place of the Lord high Chancellor of England, the Lord high Treasurer, the Lord high Admiral of England, etc. And you must note, that the eldest Sons of Dukes, are not Earls by birth, yet take place before Earls, no more than the eldest sons of Earls be Uicecounts; as for the rest of any of their sons, they be by rigour of the law but esquires. Of Women. The estate of women is such, by the courtesy of England, that if they get to any degree of estate, they never lose it, though they marry more basely, and yet are capable of a higher degree, as a Lady marrying with a gentleman, taketh place as a Lady, according to the estate of her Lord or knight that was her first husband, so likewise of a Duchess, etc. But if they debase themselves overmuch, as to marry with a Clown, or one of base parentage, than they be not so much esteemed amongst the better sort, though of courtesy they afford her a place. CHAP. XLIX. The number of Bishops in England, and their order this present year, whereof four take place by act of Parliament, the rest according to their consecration. The number of Parish Churches in England, and number of parishes in every Shire, with the Knights and Burgesses of the Parliament house. The Province of Canterbury. 1 George Archbishop of Canterbury. 2 john B. of London. 3 Thomas B. of Win. 4 Anth. B. of S. Dau. 5 Wil B. of Excester 6 Hen. B of Salisbury 7 Hen. B. of Bangor 8 T. B. of Peterborow 9 Fran. B. of Landaffe 10 john B. of Bristol 11 Rob. B. of Hereford 12 john B. of Norwich 13 john B. of Oxford. 14 Ric B of Asaph 15 Wil B. of Lincoln 16 Lancel. B. of Ely 17 Hen. B. of Worcest. 18 jam. B. of Bath and Wells, 19 Ric. B. of Coventry and Lichfield. 20 Sam. B. of Cicester. 21 Giles B. of Glouce. 22 joh. B. of Rochest. The Province of York. 1 Tobias Archbishop of York. 2 Bishop of Durham 3 Bishop of Carlisle 4 B. of Westchestr. England thus divided into bishoprics, it hath therein 9272 parish Churches, as you may note by the number of parishes in each shire in the table following, and 52080 Towns besides Cities & Castles. It hath also 25 Shires of which 13 be Welsh. It hath 26 bishoprics, of which 4 be Welsh. England is also divided into 3 great Provinces, or Countries, & every of them speaking a several and different Language, as English, Welsh, and Cornish; and their language (which is strange) altars upon the sudden, even as the Provinces part: for in this Town they speak English, and do not understand Welsh or Cornish, and in the next Town Cornish, not understanding English or Welsh: but in many things the Welsh and Cornish something agree: but now (God be praised) England and these Provinces, with Scotland, are all under the subjection of one King, which never was since the division thereof by Brute, to his three sons, being then called Britain; as to Locrine the eldest, he gave this part of Britain, called England: to Albanact the second, the Country of Albany, now called Scotland, and to Camber the youngest, he gave the Province of Cambria, called now Wales. And you shall note, that the lands that Abbots & such like men enjoyed before the suppression thereof, did contain, 15. Carledomes, 1500. Knight's lands, 6200. Esquires lands, 100 alms-houses, beside to the King's Treasury 20000. l. as may appear by a petition exhibited in the 11 year of Henry the 4. at a Parliament held at Westminster, and revived in the 2. year of Henry the 5. in a Parliament at Leicester. What Shires belong to every Bishoprieke, or Diocese, and first in the Province of Canterbury. Canterbury and Rochester hath all Kent. London, hath Essex, Middlesex, and part of Hartfordshire. Chichester hath Sussex. Winchester hath Hampshire, Surrey, and the Isle of Wight. Salisbury, hath Wiltshire, and Berkshire. Exeter hath Devonshire & Cornwall. & Welles hath Sommersetshire. Gloucester hath Glocestershire. Worcester hath Worcestershire, and part of Warwickshire. Hereford hath Herefordshire, part of Shropshire, part of Monmouthshire, part of Worcestershire, & part of Radnorshire. Coventry & Lichfield hath Staffordshire, Derbyshire, and the rest of Warwick and Shropshire. Lincoln (greatest of all) hath Lincoln, Leicester, Huntingdon, Bedford, and Buckinghamshire, and the rest of Hartfordshire. Ely, hath Cambridge, and the Isle of Ely. Norwich hath Norfolk & Suffolk. Oxford hath Oxfordshire. Peterborough hath Northampton & Rutlandshire. Dioceses in Wales. S. David's hath 331 parishes. Landaffe 156. Bangor, 95 and Asaph 128 parishes. In the Province of York. York hath York & Nottingham. Westchester, Cheshire, Richmondshire, and part of Flint and Denbigh in Wales. Duresme hath the Bishopric of Duresme, and Northumberland. Carlisle hath Cumberland and Westmoreland. Of the Shires, Cities, and boroughs of England that have any Knights, or Burgesses in the Parliament house, the Shires standing Alphabetically. Berkshire. New-windsor, Reading. Wallingford. Abington. Bedfordshire. Bedford town. Buckeinghamshi●e. Bukingham T Wickham. Alisbury. Cambridge town. Cheshire, Chester city Cumberland, Carlisle ci. Corn wall. Launceston alia Newport, Lesthued, Dunhevet Turo, Bodmin, Holston, Saltash, Camelford Grampond, Poney. Trogony Tresmena, alia Basin, S. jews S. jermeines. S. Michael, Foy, S. Maws, Castled. Derby town. Devonshire Exeter City. Toines. Plymouth. Barstable. Plimton, Stonestocke. Clyston, Dartmouth, whose proper name is Hardness. Dorsethire. Poole, Dorcester Line, Melcombe Waymouth, Bertport, Shaftbury. Wareham. Essex. Colchester, Malden. Glocestershire. Gloucester City. Cicester town. Hartfordshi. S. Albon. Herefordshire. Hereford City. Lemster town. Huntingtonshire. Huntingdon Town. Kent. Canterbury. Rochester Maidstone. Quinborough Lancashire. Lancaster town. Preston in holderness. Leverpoole tow. Newton, Wigan, Clithero. Leicestershi, Leicester Town. Lincolnesh●re. Lincoln City, Grimby. Stamford, Grantham, Boston. Middlesex. London City, Westminsterci. Norfolk Norwich City. Linne. Thetford town Gr. Yarmouth. castle rising Norrhhamptonshire. Northampton T. Peterborow Ci. Higham Ferry. Northumberlandshire. Newcastle upon tine, Berwick town, Morpith, & the Bishopric of Durham. Nottinghanshire. Nottingham T. East Stretford. Oxfordshire, Oxford City. Woodstock, Banbury. Richmondshire. Rutlandshire. Shropshire, Shrewsbury, Bridge-North Ludlow, Wenlocke. Bishop's castle. Somersetshire, Bristol & Bath cities, Welscitty, Taunton Bridgwater. Minhead. Southhamptonshire, Winchester Ci. Southampton. Portsmouth. Petersfield. Stockebridge, Christs-church. Whit-church. Staffordshire Lichfieild City. Stafford T. Newcastle underline. Tamworth. Suffolk Ipswich, Donewich, Orford, Alderburgh, Sudbury, Ely. Surrie. Southwark. Blechingley, Riegate, Guildford, Gatton. Suffex. Norsham, Midhurst, Lewes, Shorehame, Brandbro. Steining, east gréenstead, Arundel, Chichester Citi. Warwickshire. Coventrie City. Warwick town Westmoreland. Appleby Town. Wiltshire. Salisbury Citi. Nova Wiston. Downton, Hinden, Hetesbury. Westbury, Calf, Devises. Chippingham, Malmsbury, Cricklad, Old Salisbury, Wotton basset, Marleborough, Bodwine the great, Lodgershull. Worcestershire Worcester Cif. Wiche. Yorkshire. York City, Sharborough T Kingston upon Hull. Hedon, Thuske. Knaresborough. Rippon. Borough-bridge Alderborugh, Beverly. The Province of Wales. Mountgomeryshire, Mountgomery Town. Monmouthshire. Monmouth Town. Radnorshire. Radnor Town. Denbighshire. Denbigh Town. Penbrookeshire. Pembroke Town. Cardiganshire Cardigan Town. Flineshire. Flint Town. Carmarthenshire. Carmarthen Town. Carnaruamshire. Carnarvan Town. Breckenockeshire. Brecknock Town. Anglesey. Newborough Town. Merionethshire. Clamorganshire. Cardiff & Heruerd Towns. A Table of the number of Parish-Churches in every Shire, with the number of Shires in England and Wales. 1 Berkshire, 140 2 Bedfordshire, 116 3 Buckingham, 185 4 Cambridgeshi. 163 5 Cheshire. 68 6 Cumberland 58 7 Cornwall, 161 8 Derbyshire, 106 9 Devonshire. 394 10 Dorsetshire. 248 11 Essex, 415 12 Glocestershire. 280 13 Hartfordshire. 120 14 Herefordshire, 176 15 Huntingdon, 78 16 Kent, 398 17 Lancashire, 36 18 Leicestershire, 200 19 Lincolnshire, 630 20 Middlesex, 73 21 Norfolk, 660 22 Northampton, 320 23 Northumberlan 168 24 Nottingham, 168 25 Richmondshi. 104 26 Rutlandshire, 47 27 Oxfordshire, 280 28 Shropshire. 170 29 Somersetshire, 385 30 Southampton, 253 31 Staffordshire, 130 32 Suffolk, 575 33 Surrey, 140 34 Sussex, 312 35 Warwickshire. 158 36 Westmoreland. 26 37 Wiltshire, 304 38 Worcestershire 152 39 Yorkshire. 459 WALES. 1 Montgomery, 47 2 Monmouthshi. 127 3 Radnorshire, 52 4 Denbighshire, 57 5 Pembroke, 145 6 Cardiganshire, 64 7 Flintshire, 28 8 Carmarthenshi 87 9 Brecknockshire 61 10 Anglesey. 74 11 Merionethshire 37 12 Clamorganshi. 118 13 Carnarvan shi. 68 A Computation of the seven Ages of the world for this present year. 1612. From the First Age. Creation unto the Flood. 1656 Creation till this year, is 5574 Flood till this year, are, 3918 second Age. Flood to Abraham, is, 292 Birth of Abraham till this year, 3626 third Age. Birth of Abraham till the departing of the Israelites out of Egypt. 503 Departing of the Iraelites till this year. 3121 fourth Age. Departing of the Israelites until the building of the Temple. 482 Building of the Temple till this year. 2641 fifth Age. Building of the Temple till the Captivity of Babylon. 414 Captivity of Babylon till this year. 2252 sixth Age. Captivity of Babylon till the Birth of Christ. 614 The seventh Age beginneth at the birth of Christ, & hath continued 1612 years at the 25 of March, and so forth to the pleasure of God. A Geographical Description of the wales from one notable Town to another, over all England, and thereby how to travel from any of them to the City of London, set forth after a new order. Note that the figures in the rows under this mark *, is the distance of that town they stand against from London, or from the town you are directed unto. From York to London 150. miles. From York go first unto Tadcaster, which is 8. miles. thence to Miles * Wenthridge 12 130 Doncaster 7 123 Tuxford 18 105 New-market, 10 95 Grantham, 10 85 Stanford 16 69 Stilton 12 57 Huntingdon 9 48 Royston 15 33 Ware 13 20 Waltham 8 12 London 12 From Norwich to London, 86 miles. From Norwich go first unto Windam, which is 5 miles. thence to Miles. * Acleborrought, 5 76 Thetford 10 66 Ickinghan sands, 6 60 New-market. 10 50 Whitford bridge, 10 40 Barkewaie, 10 30 Puckridge, 5 25 Ware, 5 20 Waltham 8 12 London. 12 From Yarmouth to Colchester, and so to London, 92. miles. From Yarmouth go first to Lestisse, 6 miles. thence to miles * Blidbur, 10 76 Snapbridge, 8 68 Wood-bridge, 6 62 Ipswich, 7 55 Colchester, 12 43 Keluedon. 8 35 Thelmsfoord 10 25 Brent-wood, 10 15 London. 15 From Walsingham to London 82 miles. From Walsingham go to Pickam 12 miles. thence to Brandon-Ferry. 10 60 Newmarket, 10 50 Whitford-bridge. 10 40 to London as in Norwich way. From Cockermouth to Lancaster, and so to London, 223 Miles. First go from Cockermouth to kiswike, 6 miles. thence to Grocener, 8 217 Kendal 14 209 Burton, 7 195 Lancaster, 8 188 Preston, 20 180 Wigan 14 160 Warington, 12 146 Newcastle, 20 134 Lichfield, 20 114 Colesill 12 94 Coventry, 8 82 Deventry, 14 74 Tocester, 10 60 Stonystrat-ford 6 50 Brickehill, 7 44 Dunstable, 7 30 S. Albon, 10 20 Barnet 10 10 London 10 From Shrewesbury to Coventry, and so to London, 126 Miles. From Shrewsbury go to Watlingstréet, 7 miles. thence to Miles * Shefnall, 5 114 Bumingall, 3 111 Woluerhampton 5 106 Bremichan, 10 96 Meriden, 10 86 Coventry, 4 82 London, as in Lancaster-way. From Cambridge to London, 44 Miles. First go to Royston, from Cambridge 10 miles. thence to Barkeway, 4 30 Puckridge, 5 25 Ware. 5 20 Waltham 8 12 London 12 From Oxford to London 47 Miles. First go to whatley-bridge, from Oxford 5 miles. thence to Tetsworth, 5 37 Stoken-church, 5 32 Wickham, 5 27 Beconfield, 5 22 Uxbridge 7 15 London, 15 From Ludlow to Worcester, and so to London, 106 Miles. From Ludlow go to Tenbury, which is 5 miles. thence to Worcester, 16 85 Euisham, 12 73 Chipingnorton, 14 59 Islip, 12 47 Wickhan. 20 27 Beconfield, 5 22 Uxbridge, 7 15 London, 15 From Carmarthen to London. Go first to Laundovery which is 20 miles. thence to miles * Belth, 14 135 Preston, 12 123 Worcester, 26 85 London, as in Ludlow-way. From S. David's to Hereford, and Gloucester, and so to London, 210 Miles. From S. David's go to Axford, 12 miles. thence to Carmarthen, 24 174 Newton, 12 162 Lanbury, 10 152 Breeknock, 16 136 Hay, 10 126 Hereford, 14 112 Rosy, 19 93 Gloucester, 12 81 Cicester, 15 66 Farington, 10 56 Abington, 10 46 Dorcester, 5 41 Henly, 12 29 Maidenhead, 7 22 Colebrook 7 15 Hounslow, 5 10 London, 10 From Carnarvan to Chester, and so to London, 207 Miles. Go first unto Conaway, which is 24 miles. thence to Denbigh, 11 162 Flint, 12 160 Chester, 10 150 Which; 15 135 Stone, 15 120 Liechfild, 18 102 Colesill 12 90 Coventry, 8 82 London, as in Cockermouth-way. From Bristol to London, 97 miles. First go unto Marefall, which is 10 miles. thence to Chipnam, 10 77 Marleborow, 15 62 Hungerford, 8 54 Newberry, 7 47 Reading, 15 32 Maidenhead, 10 22 Colebrook, 7 15 London 15 From Exeter to London, 138 miles, Go first unto Honiton, which is 12 miles. thence to Chartd, 10 116 Crookborne, 6 110 Sherborne, 10 100 shaftsbury, 12 88 Salisbury, 18 70 Andever, 15 55 Basingstoke, 16 ●9 Hartlerow, 8 31 Bagshote, 8 23 Stanes, 8 15 London 15 From Dover to London, 55 miles. First go unto Canterbury, which is 12 miles. thence to Sittingborne, 12 31 Rochester, 8 23 Gravesend, 5 18 Dartford, 6 12 London, 12 From Rye to London, 48 miles. First go to Plimwell, which is 15 miles, them to Tunbridge, 11 23 Chepstow, 7 15 London, 1● From Southampton to London, 64 miles. Go first unto Twifor, which is 8 miles. thence to Alforth, 8 48 Alton, 7 41 Farnam, 7 34 Gilford, 9 25 Ripple, 5 20 Cobbam, 5 15 Kingston, 5 10 London, 10 From Coventry to Oxford, 44 miles. First go unto Southam, 10 miles. them to miles * Banbury, 10 24 Woodstock, 12 12 Oxford, 12 From Coventry to Cambridge, 46 miles. Go first to Dun-church, which is 8 miles. them to Northampton, 10 28 Higham ferries, 10 18 S. Cedes, 8 10 Cambridge, 10 From Bristol to Oxford, 48 miles. Go first unto Sadbury, 10 miles. them to Cicester, 12 26 Faringdon, 14 12 Oxford, 12 From Bristol to Shrewsbury, 70 miles. First go to Awfte, which is 8 miles. thence to Munmouth, 10 52 Hereford, 12 40 Lempster, 12 28 Ludlow, 8 20 Shrewsbury, 20 There is another way to go to Shrewsbury from Bristol, as to Gloucester, Tewksbury, Worcester, and Bridgenorth, etc., but it is 17. miles further, and then you pass no Ferry. From York to Shrewsbury 103 miles. Go first to Wetherby, which is 7. miles, thence to Oteley, 13 83 Bradford, 6 77 Halifax, 6 71 Blackston-edge, 6 65 Roch-dale, 6 59 Manchester, 8 51 Norwich, 16 36 Beston-wood, 9 26 whitchurch 10 16 Price, 4 12 Shrewesbury 12 From Berwick to York 108 miles. Go first to Belford, which is 12 miles. thence to Anwicke, 12 84 Morpit, 12 72 Newcastle, 12 60 Durham, 12 48 Darington, 14 34 Noorthalerton, 10 24 Topcliffe, 7 17 York,, 17 Of the distance of divers other Cities out of England from the City of London, etc. VIrginia lieth West south-west, 3650 miles from London, and their longest day is 14. hours, min. 28. Sun riseth at 8 a clock, & 17. minutes. Babylon lieth East Southeast, 2710 miles their longest day being 14. minutes shorter than at Virginia, Sun rising 4 hours 59 minutes. jerusalem lieth Southeast by East, 2320 miles, lying under the parallel with Babylon, Sunneriseth 3. hours 6. minutes before us, Constantinople lieth East Southeast 1480 miles, whose longest day is 15. hours, 24 min: Sun riseth at 5 and 24 minutes. Rome lieth Southeast, 896 miles, their longest day being 15 hours 4 minutes, at 5 and 28 minutes, the Sun riseth, Lisbon lieth South south-west, 776 miles, the longest day being 14 hours, 44 min. at 5 and 26 min. the Sun riseth. Geneva lieth Southeast 440 miles, the longest day being 15 hours 34 min. Sun riseth at 5. hou. 8 minutes, Dublin lieth Northwest and by North, 290 miles, the longest day being 16 hours, 44 min. Sun riseth at 2 hours and 48 minutes in the morning. Edinburgh lieth North Northwest 286 miles, the longest day being 17 hours, 22 min. Sun riseth 3 hou. 9 minutes. Paris lieth Southeast & by South, 240 miles, the longest day being 16 hours, Sun riseth at 4. of the clock, and 3. minutes. A Concordancy of Years, containing a most exact Computation of time, with brief Notes of the best Chronicles against every year. Years of our Lord. post. conq. K. reign. time expired. Easter day. William, Duke of Normandy, base son of Robert the 5 Duke of that Duchy, and cousin german to King Edward, after the battle at Hastings came to London, & was crowned on Christmas day, 1067, but according to the Church now, 1066. Wil Conque began. Oct. 14 1066 1 1 546 April 16 1067 1 1 545 8 The King besieged Exeter. 1068 2 2 544 ma. 23. F Ro. Cum. Ear. of Northun slain by the Commons, 1069 3 3 543 April, 2 The English came out of Scotl. against the K. 1070 4 4 542 4 The K. bereaved all abbeys of their treasures. 1071 5 5 541 24. The castle of Ledes and Oxford built. 1072 6 6 540 8 A The King invaded Scotland, forced the King to homage. 1073 7 7 539 Mar. 31 1074 8 8 538 April 20 Married priests removed by the Pope. 1075 9 9 537 5 Bishop of Durham slain for his cruelty. 1076 10 10 536 ma. 27. C A great Frost from October till April. 1077 11 11 535 April 16 A blazing star on palm-sunday near the sun. 1078 12 12 534 8 The Tower of London built by the King. 1079 13 13 533 ma. 24. A great murder by an Abbot in his Church, who killed 3 Monks, wounded 18 men, that their blood ran from the altar down the steps, at Glastenbury: and this year was an earthquake on Christmas day. 1080 14 14 532 apr. 12. E 1081 15 15 531 aprill 4 1082 16 16 530 aprill 24 1083 17 17 529 aprill 9 England surucied, rated, & the men ●●●bred. 1084 18 18 528 ma. 31. G The King had homage generally, and 6 shillings for every hide land. 1085 19 19 527 aprill 25 1086 20 20 526 aprill 5 Battle abbey, Stelby abbey built by the King. 1087 21 21 525 mar. 28 Gawens sepulchre found in Wales. Will Conq. died Sept. 9 Defect. Will Ruf. began Sept. 9 Defect. He died, having reigned 20 yea. 11 more, & 14 days in anno 1087, buried in Normandy, Anno Domini. Post Conq K. Reign time expired Easter day. Rufus was a variable man, covetous, & an oppressor of the Commons, & very prodigal. Henry brother to Rufus, borne at Salby, called Beauclarke for his learning. 1087 21 1 525 mar. 28 The Nobles rebel, and are vanquished at the Castle of Rochester. 1088 22 1 524 Apr. 16 B 1089 23 2 523 aprill. 1 1090 24 3 522 april. 21 The King of Scots did homage, 1091 25 4 521 april 13 The King built the Castle of Tine. 1092 26 5 520 ma. 28. D The Earl of Northumberland slew the King of Scots, and his Son. 1093 27 6 519 aprill 17 1094 28 7 518 aprill. 9 The King assaulted Wales, but did no good. 1095 29 8 517 mar. 25 Wars against the Infidels. 1096 30 9 516 apr. 13. F R. Duke of Norm. went towards jerusalem. 1097 31 10 515 aprill, 5 The Earldom of Goodwin drowned by the sea. 1098 33 11 514 mar, 28 jerusalem yielded to Godfrey of Bullen: also in this summer blood sprang out of the earth in Berkshire, at Finchamsteed. 1099 33 12 513 aprill 20 1100 34 13 512 aprill 1 Wil Rufus slain, Aug. 1 Defect Henry the 1 begun. Aug. 1 Defect K. Rufus reigned 12 years, TWO months, 2 weeks, 3 days, being slain with an arrow. 1100 34 1 512 Apr, 1 A S. Edw. laws restored: the yard made. 1101 35 1 511 april 21 Winchester and Gloucester burnt. 1102 36 2 510 april, 6 Norwich Church, & S. bartholmew's hospital built, the one by that Bishop, the other by a minstrel: 1103 37 3 509 mar. 29 1104 38 4 508 apr, 17 C 1105 39 5 507 april, 9 4 circles & ablazing star appear about the sun. 1106 40 6 506 april. 25 1107 41 7 505 april. 14 The K. perpetually imprisons his brothers, 8 and Trinity within Algate is founded. 1108 42 8 504 apr. 5. E 1109 43 9 503 april, 25 The Emperor Henry married the K daughter. 1110 44 10 502 april, 20 Robert the King's base son made first Earl of Gloucester. 1111 45 11 501 aprill, 2 1112 46 12 500 apr. 23 G The King invades Normandy, 12 1113 47 13 499 april, 6 Great mortality, 13 1114 48 14 498 mar. 29 Worcester burnt, 14 1115 49 15 497 april, 18 Octo. 10. Thames and Medway dry, 15. Chester burnt: a blazing star. 1116 50 16 496 apr. 2 B The moon seemed turned into blood. 1117 51 17 495 mar. 25 1118 52 18 494 april. 14 S. Giles without Oldburn built by Q. Maud, 18 1119 53 19 493 april, 6 The order of Templars began, 19 1120 54 20 492 apr. 18 D Many battles betwixt the English & French King, 20 1121 55 21 491 apr. 10 1122 56 22 490 mar. 26 The King returning to England, his children, & the Duke of Normandy, with 160 persons were drowned, Anno Reg 22 1123 57 23 489 april, 15 Anno Domini. Post Conq. K Reign time expired Easter day. Stephen, Earl of Boloine, son of the Earl of Blon and Adela the conquerors daughter, being well personaged & favoured, gentle, politic and martial, free from exactions, 1124 58 24 488 apr. 5. F 1125 59 25 487 mar. 29 Coiners had their privy members cut off, and their right hands for false coining, 25. 1126 60 26 486 aprill, 11 The monastery of S. Oseth in Essex founded, 26 1127 61 27 485 aprill, 10 1128 62 28 484 apr. 22. A Men aware hair like women. 1229 63 29 483 aprill, 14 1130 64 30 482 mar. 30 1131 65 31 481 april, 21 The King gave his daughter the Empress to the Earl of Angiers, 31. 1132 66 32 480 apr. 12. C Carlisle made a Bishopric, 32. 1133 67 33 479 Ma. 25 From west Cheap to Algate burned, 33. 1134 68 34 478 april, 15 Worcester defaced with fire, 34. and the Hospital of S. Cross by Winchester founded by Henry Blors Bishop of Winchester. 1135 69 35 477 april, 6 Henry 1 died Decem. 2 period, Stephen began Decem. 2 period, Henry 1 reigned 35 years, 4 months and 11 days, bowelled at Rouen, buried at Reading 1135 69 1 477 april. 6. 1136 70 1 476 ma. 22. F. Great fire about London-stone. 1137 71 2 475 april, 17 Exeter besieged by the King, 2. 1138 72 3 474 april, 3 All Rochester burnt with 39 Churches. 1139 73 4 473 april. 22 10000 Scots slain by the Bishop of York, for aiding Maud Empress, 4. 1140 74 5 472 apr. 7. F 1141 75 6 471 mar 30 The Earl of Gloucester invaded Notinghan, 6 1142 76 7 470 april, 19 Lincoln besieged, the K. prisoner & restored, 7 The King besieged Waltham Castle. 1143 77 8 469 april. 4 1144 78 9 468 ma. 26. B Boxley Abbey founded, Anno Reg. 9 1145 79 10 467 april, 15 The King forceth the Tower of London from the Earl of Essex, at S. Albon, 10. 1146 80 11 466 april, 14 1147 81 12 465 april, 20 The Empress goes into Norway. 1148 82 13 464 apr. 11 D 1149 83 14 463 april, 13 S. Katherine's by the Tower built for poor, by Queen Matild, Anno Reg. 14. 1150 84 15 462 april, 16 1151 85 16 461 april 18 England was full of trouble and wars, 16 Gratianus died. 1152 86 17 460 ma. 30. F Queen Maud deceased, 1153 87 18 459 april, 19 1154 88 19 458 april, 4 Stephen died, Octo, 25 Defect. Henry 2 begins Octo, 25 Defect. He reigned 18 years, 11. months, 18 days, and buried at Feversham in Kent, 1154 88 1 458 april. 4 Flemings departed England, their castle spoiled, being built to pill the rich, and spoil the poor. 1155 89 1 457 mar. 27 1156 90 2 456 apri, 5. A 1157 91 3 455 Ma. 31 The K. goes against Wales, fells their woods. Anno Domini. Post Cong. K Reign time expired. Easter day. Henry 2. son of jeffery P●anta●enet, and Maud the Empress, he was noble, wise, steadfast, yet a wedlocke-breaker. Richard the 1, for his valour called Cordelion, son of Henry the 2. who would have no jews nor women at his Coronation. 1158 92 4 454 april, 20 1159 93 5 453 april, 12 The K. had 124 p. Escuage of the English. 5. 1160 94 6 452 ma. 27. C The King's son marrieth the French Kings daughter, he 7, she 2 years old, Anno Reg. 6. 1161 95 7 451 april, 16 1162 96 8 450 aprill, 8. 30 Germans professed théselues publicans, they be burnt with a letter, and whipped, 8. 1163 97 9 449 mar. 25. London bridge new built with timber, 1164 98 10 448 apr. 12. E 1165 99 11 447 april, 4 1166 100 12 446 april, 24 A great Earthquake in Ely, etc. 12 1167 101 13 445 aprill, 9 Wars betwixt England & France renewed, 13 1168 102 14 444 ma. 31. G 1169 103 15 443 april, 29 The king crowns his son in his own time, 15. 1170 104 16 442 aprill. 5 Thomas Becket murdered: after was the regiment of Ireland granted to the King by Pope Adrian the 4, an Englishman, called Nicholas Break spear. 1171 105 17 441 mar. 28 1172 106 18 440 apr. 16. B 1173 107 19 439 aprill, 8 Leicester burnt & razed: K. of Scots prisoner 1174 108 20 438 mar. 24. K. Henry the son, etc. reconciled to the King. 1175 109 21 437 april, 13 The King and his son visit T. Beckets' tomb London-bridge built with stone, towards the which, a Cardinal, and the Archbishop of Canterbury gave 1000 marks. 1176 110 22 436 apr. 4. D 1177 111 23 435 april, 24 1178 112 24 434 april, 9 1179 113 25 433 aprill, 1 1180 114 26 432 apr. 20 F Usurers punished. 1181 115 27 431 april, 5 1182 116 28 430 mar. 28 S. Austin's in Bristol founded. 1183 117 29 429 aprill, 17 1184 118 30 428 apr. 1 A The king sent an army into Wales. 1185 119 31 427 april, 21 Gloucester burnt. 1186 120 32 426 april, 13 Paris in France, and London paved, and thatching in both left, because all lubericke was spoiled thereby with fire: Maud the Empress dveth 1187 121 33 425 mar. 29 1188 122 34 424 apr 17 C 1189 123 35 423 aprill, 9 Henry the 2 dieth july, 6 Defecti. Rich. the 1. began july, 6 Defecti. He reigned 34 you 9 mo. 1. day, & is buried at Fonterland in a monastery by him founded. 1189 123 1 423 aprill, 9 Robert Hood, and little john, and this year London obtained to be governed by Sheriffs and Majors. 1190 124 1 422 mar. 25 1191 125 2 421 aprill, 14 1192 126 3 420 am. 5. E King Richard taken prisoner by Leopold, Anno Domini. post conquestum K. reign. time expired. 612 Easter day. K. lohs, brother to K. Richard the I. was of complexion melancholy: He granted the Shrief wick of London & Midolesex to the Citizens for 300. pound perannum, as of old. 1193 127 4 419 mar. 28 His ranfome was 100000. pound. 1194 128 5 418 april, 10 1195 129 6 417 april, 2 The King Crowned again, Anno Reg. 6. The King complains of Leopold to the Pope. 1196 130 7 416 apr. 21. G He excommunicates Leop. Duke of Austria. 1197 131 8 415 april, 6 The King, & the Earl of Flanders conspire. 1198 132 9 414 mar. 29 The King took 5 shillings of every Hydeland through England. 1199 133 10 413 aprill, 18 Rich the 1. slain April, 6. period. K. john began. April, 6. period. Richard the 1 reigned 9 years, & 9 months, buried at Founteverard, his heart at Rouen, his bowels at Chalne. 1199 133 1 413 april, 18 1200 134 1 412 apri, 9 B 1201 135 2 411 mar. 25 The King had 3 shillin. for every plow-land. 1202 136 3 410 april, 14 The King of Scots, with many of his Nobility, did homage to the King at Lincoln. 1203 137 4 409 aprill, 6 1204 138 5 408 ap. 28. D 1205 139 6 407 april, 12 Arthur Earl of Britain murdered. By reason of a frost from january to March, wheat was sold for a mark the Quarter. which before was at 12 pence, Anno Reg 6. 1206 140 7 406 aprill, 2 1207 141 8 405 april, 22 The King took the 13 part of all movable, goods, both of the Lay and Religious. 1208 142 9 404 apr. 6 F 1209 143 10 403 mar. 29 London-bridge builded with stone, and this year the Citizens of London had a grant to choose them a Mayor: and the king of Scots gave 11000 marks, and his two daughters for a pledge for a treaty of peace. 1210 144 11 402 aprill, 10 1211 145 12 401 aprill, 3 1212 146 13 400 ma. 25. A 1213 147 14 399 aprill, 13 1214 148 15 398 april, 6 By means of Pandulph the Barons excommunicated, their Charter and Liberties before granted, disannulled. 1215 149 16 397 aprill, 9 1216 150 17 396 apr, 10 C King john died, Octob. 19 periodic. K. Henry 3 began Octob. 19 periodic. He reigned 17 years, & 17 weeks, buried at Worcester, dying at Newarke Castle, with much grief for the loss of diverse things. 1216 150 1 396 apr. 10. C 1217 151 1 395 mar. 26 1218 152 2 394 mar. 25 1219 153 3 393 aprill, 7 1220 154 4 392 ma. 29 E. The new work of our Lady Chapel at Westminster begun by the King. 1221 155 5 391 april, 11 1222 156 6 390 aprill. 3 1223 157 7 389 april. 23 1224 158 8 388 aprill, 14 The King of jerusalem seeketh aid of the King to win jerusalem. 1225 159 9 387 mar 30 Anno Domini. Post conquestum K Reign time expired. 1612 Easter day. Henry the 3 eldest son of john, aged 9 years, was crowned at Gloucester, remaining in custody of Will Martial Earl of Pembroke, in his life he took the 15 part of all men's goods movable. 1226 160 10 380 april, 19 The Citizens of London had liberty to hunt a certain distance about the City, and to pass toll-free through England, anno reg. 10. 1227 161 11 385 april. 11 1228 162 12 384 ma. 26 B 1229 163 13 383 april, 15 1230 164 14 382 april, 7 1231 165 15 381 mar. 23 Thunder lasted 15 days; beginning the morrow after S. Martin's day. 1232 166 16 380 april 12 1233 167 17 379 apr. 3 D Four Suns appeared beside the true Sun, of a red colour. 1234 168 18 378 april, 23 1235 169 19 377 april, 8 The jews of Norwich stole a Boy and circumcised him, minding to have crucified him at Easter. 1236 170 20 376 ma. 30. F 1237 171 21 375 april, 19 1238 172 22 374 april, 4 1239 173 23 373 mar. 27 1240 174 24 372 ap, 15 A 1241 175 25 371 april, 14 The jews were forced to give 20000 marks at two terms in the year, or suffer perpetual prison, Anno Reg. 25. 1242 176 26 370 april, 20 1243 177 27 369 april, 12 1244 178 28 368 apr, 3 C 1245 179 29 367 april. 16 1246 180 30 366 april, 8 The King enlarged the Church of S. Peter's in Westminster. 1247 181 31 365 mar. 31 1248 182 32 364 apr, 19 E The King farmed Queene-hive for 50 pound per annum, to the Citizens. 1249 183 33 363 april. 4 1250 184 34 362 ma. 27 1251 185 35 361 apr. 10 Great tempests upon the sea and fearful: and this year the King granted, that wheretofore the Citizens of London were to present the Mayor before the King wheresoever he were, that now Barons of the Exchequer should serve. 1252 186 36 360 mar. 31 1253 187 37 359 april, 20 1254 188 38 358 mar. 29 1255 189 39 357 aprill, 10 1256 190 40 356 april. 16 Peter College in Cambridge founded by Hugh Balsama, being after Bishop of Ely. 1257 191 41 355 april, 8 1258 192 42 354 mar. 24 1259 193 43 353 aprill 3 1260 194 44 352 apr. 4 D 1261 195 45 351 april. 24 1262 196 46 350 april, 9 Balliol College in Oxford founded by john Balliol, father to john Balliol, King of Scots. 1263 167 47 349 april, 1 1264 198 48 348 april, 26 1265 199 49 347 april, 5 Anno Domini. post conquestum K. Reign time expired. 1612 Easter day. Edward the 1 after the Conquest son to Henry the 3 surnamed Longshanks, who destroyed the jews Synagogue, and after banished them all our of England, bearing their charges till they were out of his Realm. 1266 200 50 346 mar. 28 1267 201 51 345 april, 17 1268 202 52 344 apr, ●. A 1269 203 53 343 mar. 24 The Thames hard frozen from S. Andrew to Candlemas. 1270 204 54 342 april, 1 1271 205 55 341 april, 5 Bow-steeple fell down, and did much hurt, Anno Reg. 56. Anno Dom. 1271. Henry 3 died, Novemb. 10 period. Edw. 1 began Novemb. 10 period. He died having reigned 56 years, and 4 weeks, buried at Westminster. 1272 206 1 340 ap. 24. C 1273 207 1 339 april, 9 1274 208 2 338 april, 1 1275 209 3 337 april. 14 Great Earthquakes, Anno Reg. 3. and usury forbidden to the jews. 1276 210 4 336 apr. 3 E 1277 211 5 335 mar. 28 1278 212 6 334 april, 17 Merton College in Oxford founded by Walter Merton, 126. and this year translated by the King to Oxford: and this year also was the statute of Mortmain enacted. 1279 213 7 333 april 2 1280 214 8 332 apr, 21. G 1281 215 9 331 april 13 1282 216 10 330 mar. 19 1283 217 11 329 april, 18 The jews Synagogue destroyed. 1284 218 12 328 april 9 B 1285 219 13 327 april, 25 1286 220 14 326 april, 14 Knights Templars suppressed, and Knights of the Rhodes ordained. 1287 221 15 325 april 6 1288 222 16 324 ma, 28 D The extremity of the suns heat killed many. 1289 223 17 323 april, 10 1290 224 18 322 april, 2 1291 225 19 321 april, 22 The jews corrupting England with usury, had first a badge given them to wear, that they might be known, and after were banished to the number of 15000009 persons. 1292 226 20 320 april 6. F 1293 227 21 319 mar. 29 1294 228 22 318 april. 18 1295 229 23 317 aprill, 3 1296 230 24 316 ma. 25. A 1297 231 25 315 april, 4 john Balliol King of Scots contrary to his allegiance rebelled: The King won the Castle of Berwick and Dunbar, slew 25000 Scots, and conquered Edinburgh. 1298 232 26 314 april, 6 1299 233 27 313 april, 19 1300 234 28 312 apr, 16 C 1301 235 29 311 aprill, 2 The King again subdued most part of Scotland, took the Castle of Estreucline, with other, and made the Lords swear him fealty. Anno Domini Post conquestum K. Reign time expired. 1612 Easter day. Edw. the 2. son to Edw 1. born at Carnarvan, he was comely of body, but unsteadfast of manners, not regarding to govern his realm by discretion, which caused much trouble. 1302 236 30 310 april. 22 And 1302. the King gave his son the princedom of Wales, the Dukedom of Cornwall, and Earldom of Chester. 1303 237 31 309 aprill, 7 1304 238 32 308 apr. 29. E 1305 239 33 307 aprill, 18 1306 240 34 306 aprill, 3 1307 241 35 305 mar. 26 Edward the 1. died, july. Defect Edward the 2. began. july. Defect He died of a bloudy-flix, having reigned 34 vea. 8. more. & 6. day. buried at Westminster. 1307 241 1 305 mar, 26 1308 242 1 304 ap. 14, G Purse of Gaveston exiled. 1309 243 2 303 aprill, 6 1310 244 3 302 april, 19 Gavestone returned out of Ireland. 1311 245 4 301 april, 21 Gavestone beheaded. 1312 246 5 300 ma. 26. B 1313 247 6 299 april, 15 The battle at Streveling, where the Scots had the better. And this year the King of France burned all his leprous and pocky people, as well men as women: for that he supposed they had poisoned the waters, which caused his leprosy. And about this time, the jews had a purpose to poison all the Christians by poisoning their springs. 1314 248 7 298 aprill, 7 1315 249 8 297 april, 13 1316 250 9 296 ap. 11 D 1317 251 10 295 aprill, 3 1318 252 11 294 april, 23 1319 253 12 293 aprill, 8 1320 254 13 292 ma. 30. F 1321 255 14 291 apri, 19 1322 256 15 290 april, 1● 1323 257 16 289 mar 27 Michael house in Cambridge founded, by Haruid de Stanton priest. 1324 258 17 288 ap. 15. A 1325 259 18 287 aprill, 7 1326 260 19 288 mar. 23 Clarehall builded in Cambridge, first founded by Ri. Badow, enlarged by Gualther Theasteed, the foundation whereof at last by both them, was resigned to the Lady Elizabeth Claire. Edw. the 2. depos. Ianua. 25 period. Edw. the 3. begins Ianua. 25 period. He was deposed by his Queen when he had reigned 19 years, 7 months, and 5 days. 1326 260 1. 286 mar. 23 1327 261 1 285 aprill, 1● 1328 262 2 284 apr. 3. C 1329 263 3 283 april, 2● 1330 264 4 282 aprill, ● 1331 265 5 281 mar. 31 The Scots seeking to dissolve the siege at Berwick, were slain to the number of 8 Earls, 1300 Horsemen, & of common Soldiers 35000. near to Halidon: he won Barwick & sent Balliol to keep the realm of Scotland. 1332 266 6 280 apr. 19 E 1333 267 7 279 aprill, 5 1334 268 8 278 mar. 27 1335 269 9 277 april, 16 Anno Domini. post conquestum K. Reign time expired. 1612 Easter day. Edward the 3 began his reign at 14 years, ordered then most by Isabella his mother. Richard the 2 began his reign at 11 years old, he was more bountiful than his progenitors, but ruled by young & idle Councillors, which brought him to misery. 1336 270 10 276 apri. 4. G 1337 271 11 275 april, 20 1338 272 12 274 april, 12 Queen's College in Oxford founded by the Queen's Chaplain, R. Englishfield. 1339 273 13 273 april, 28 1340 274 14 272 ap. 16. B 1341 275 15 271 aprill, 8 1342 276 16 270 mar. 31 1343 277 17 269 april, 13 Pembroke Hall founded in Cambridge, by Mary Valentia. 1344 278 18 268 apri, 4 D 1345 279 19 267 mar. 27 1346 280 20 266 april, 26 The King saileth into France, & maketh war.. 1347 281 21 265 april, 1. The Scots invade Northumberland, are put to flight, and their King taken prisoner by the Bishop of York, Mowbray, and others 1348 282 22 264 apr. 20. F 1349 283 23 263 aprill, 12 1350 284 24 262 mar. 28 1351 285 25 261 aprill, 17 1352 286 26 260 apr. 8 A 1353 287 27 259 mar. 24 1354 288 28 258 aprill, 13 Gunuile & Caius College in Cambridge founded by Edmund Gunuila Parson: and this year was Trinity College founded by William Bateman, Bishop of Norwich This year also was Canterbury College in Oxford founded by Simon Islip Archbishop of Canterbury, and suppressed by Henry the 8. and put to Christ-church. 1355 289 29 257 aprill, 5 1356 290 30 256 apr. 24. C 1357 291 31 255 april. 9 1358 292 32 254 april, 1 1359 293 33 253 april, 21 1360 294 34 252 apr. 5. E 1361 295 35 251 mar. 28 Men and beasts perished in divers places with Thunder and Lightning; and Fiends were seen speak unto men as they traveled. 1362 296 36 250 april, 17 1363 ●97 37 249 aprill, 2 1364 298 38 248 ma 24. G 1365 299 39 247 aprill, 13 1366 300 40 246 aprill, 5 1367 301 41 245 aprill. 18 The Prince of Wales taking compassion of Peter King of Spain, driven out of his kingdom by his Bastard brother, restored him again. 1368 302 42 244 april. 9 B 1369 303 43 243 aprill, 1 1370 304 44 242 april, 14 1371 305 45 241 aprill. 6 1372 306 46 240 ma. 28. D The first Bailiffs in Shrewsbury. 1373 307 47 239 april, 17 The Duke of Lancaster passed through France without battle: and about this time Boccace the poet died. 1374 308 48 238 aprill, 2 1375 309 49 237 april, 22 Anno Domini. posti, conquestum K. Reign time expired. 1612 Easter day. Henry the 4. son of john of Gaunt was made King more by force then lawful succession. Henry the 5 exceeded the mean stature of men, he was beauteous, long-necked, body slender, lean and small bones, and could run well, and was strong. 1376 310 50 236 ap. 13 F 1377 311 51 235 april 29 K. Edw. 3. died. june, 21. Defective Rich. 2. began. june, 21. Defective He died at his Manor of Shene, when he had reigned 50 you. 5 mo. 7 da. buried at Westmin. 1377 311 1 235 april, 29 New College in Oxford founded by William W●ckham, Bishop of Winchester. 1378 312 1 234 april, 18 1379 313 2 233 april, 10 The making of Guns found and Rebels in Kent and Essex, who entered London, beheaded all Lawyers, and burned all books of law, houses: But the Essex men upon the King's intreature and pardon, did return home. The men of Kent persisting, the king commanded the Lord Mayor to arrest Wa● Tyler their Captain, which he did, striking, him upon the head, and after the king's attendance dispatched him; at which the traitors murmured so, that the Mayor ser●●● armed me to relieve the King: for which the Mayor and fine Aldermen were knighted, & jack Stravo being taken, confessed all. 1380 314 3 232 ma 25 A 1381 315 4 231 april, 14 1382 316 5 230 april, 8 1383 317 6 229 mar. 22 1384 318 7 228 ap. ●0 C 1385 319 8 227 april, 2 1386 320 9 226 april, 22 1387 321 10 225 aprill, 7 1388 322 11 224 ma 29 E And 1388, picked shoes, ●●ed to then knees with silver chains we●e used. And men with long gowns road on side saddle-like the Queen that brought side-saddle first to England: for before they ●ode a●●●d. 1389 323 12 223 april, 18 1350 324 13 222 aprill, 3 1391 325 14 221 mar. 26 1393 326 15 220 ap. 14 G 1393 327 16 219 aprill, 6 1394 328 17 218 april, 19 1395 329 18 217 april, 11 1396 339 19 216 apri. 2. B 1397 331 20 215 april, 22 1398 332 21 214 april, 7 1399 331 22 213 mar. 30 The King made blank Charters, 1399. Rich. 2 deposed Septen 29 periodic. Henry 4. begins. Septen 29 periodic. He was deposed when he bade reigned 2● years, 3 months, and 14 days. 1399 333 1 213 mar, 30 The King burned all the blank Charters made to K. Richard. 1400 334 1 212 ap. 18 D 1401 335 2 211 april, 3 Pride exceeding in monstrous apparel. 1402 336 3 210 mar. 26 The first Duke of Milan. 1403 337 4 209 april, 15 The bartell of Shrewsbury. 1404 338 5 208 apr. 6. F The French beaten from the Isle of Wight. Scroop, Archbishop of York conspired against the King. 1405 339 6 207 april, 19 1406 340 7 206 april, 11 1407 341 8 205 mar, 27 A Frost for 15 weeks. 1408 342 9 204 ap. 15 A Years of our Lord. post conquestum K. reign time expired. 1612 Easter day. Henry the 6 began his reign at 8 month's old, the governance of the Realm was committed to the Duke of Gloucester, the guard of his person to the Duke of Exeter, and the Duke of Bedford was Regent of France. 1409 343 10 203 april, 7. 1410 344 11 202 mar. 20 1411 345 12 201 april, 12 guildhall in London begun. 1412 346 13 200 apri, 3. C New Nobles made 4 pence less than before. Henry, the 4. died 5. begins Mar. 20 periodi. Henry, the 5. begins Mar. 20 periodi. He died having reigned 13 years, 6. months, & 3 days, and buried at Canterbury. 1412 346 1 200 april, 3 1413 347 1 199 april. 23 Sir john Old Castle committed. 1414 348 2 198 aprill. 8 Moor gate first builded. 1415 349 3 197 april, 31 The King sailed into Normandy with 1000 sail. The battle at Agincourt. 1416 350 4 196 ap. 20. E 1417 351 5 195 april, 11 A decree for lantern and candlelight in London. 1418 352 6 194 mar. 27 1419 353 7 193 april, 16 Sir john Old C●st●e hanged and burned. 1420 354 8 192 apr 7. G The King made Regent of France. 1421 355 9 191 mar. 23 The Bishop of Winchester lent the King 20000 pound to stay a subsidy. 1422 356 10 190 april. 11 Henry the 5. died Aug. 1 Defect. Henry the 6. begins Aug. 1 Defect. He died when he had reigned 9 years, 5 months, 24 days, & is buried at Westminst. 1422 356 1 190 april, 11 1423 357 1 189 april, 3 1424 358 2 188 apr. 23. B The young King of Scotland taken by the English in the 8 year of Henry the 4. remained prisoner till 1424. and being delivered, was married to the Lady jane, daughter to the Earl of Somerset, Anno Re●. 2. 1425 359 3 187 april, 8 1426 360 4 186 mar. 31 1427 361 5 185 april, 20 Rain from the first of April to Hollontide 1428 362 6 184 apr, 4 D 1429 363 7 183 mar. 27 1430 364 8 182 april, 16 1431 365 9 181 april, 1 1432 366 10 180 apr. 20. F The King being 12 years old, was triumphantly crowned King of France in our Lady's Church in Paris, with the consent of both kingdoms, and the French called him Little Harry. 1433 367 11 179 april. 12 1434 368 12 178 mar. 28 1435 369 13 177 april 17 1436 370 14 176 apri, 8. A 1437 371 15 175 mar, 31 Allsoules College in Oxford founded by Henry Bishop of Canterbury, the king greatly augmenting the revenues. 1438 372 16 174 april, 13 1439 373 17 173 april, 5 1440 374 18 172 ma. 27 C Lincoln Col. in Oxf. founded by R●. Fleming. King's College in Cambridge founded by Henry the sixth. 1441 375 19 171 april, 16 1442 376 20 170 april, 1 1443 377 21 169 april, 21 Anno Domini. posticonquetun. K. Reign time expired. 1612 Easter-day. Edward Earl of March, having deposed Henry 6 was crowned by the name of Ed. the 4 and after was deposed, and driven out of his Kingdom; but at last, by help of his brother, refrained the Crown. 1444 378 22 168 apr. 12 E 1445 379 23 167 mar. 28 A manage concluded betwixt the Kingson, and the King of Cicils daughter. 1446 380 24 106 april, 17 1447 381 25 165 april, 9 Queen's College in Cambridge begun by Lady Margaret, wife to Henry the 6. And 1447 Divinity School was sounded by Humphrey Duke of Gloucester. 1448 382 26 164 ma. 24. O 1449 383 27 163 april, 13 1550 384 28 162 april, 5 1451 385 29 161 april, 25 1452 386 30 160 apri. 9 E Prince Henry borne. October 12 and before this time the Mayor of London ever road to Westminster. 1453 387 31 159 april. 1 1454 388 32 158 april, 21 1455 389 33 157 aprill, 6 The Duke of York was discharged of the protectorship. 1456 390 34 156 ma. 28 D 1457 391 35 155 aprill, 17 ●458 392 36 154 aprill, ● 1459 393 37 153 mar. 25 Katherine-Hall in Cambridge founded by Ro Woodlarke, Doctor of Divinity: and this year was Ma●dalen College in Oxford founded by William Wunsleet, Bishop of Winchester, 1460 394 38 15● april, 13 Henry 6 deposed March. 4 periodi Edward 4 begins March. 4 periodi Being deposed, he reigned, 8 years, 6 months, and 8 days. 1460 394 1 152 aprill, 13 1461 395 1 151 aprill, 5 1462 396 2 150 aprill, 18 1463 397 3 149 aprill, ●0 1464 398 4 148 april, 1. A The battle at Hexham. 1465 399 5 147 aprill 14 The King taken near the Abbey of Selby in Yorkshire, and sent to the Tower. 1466 400 6 146 aprill, 6 1467 401 7 145 mar. 29 1468 402 8 144 apr. 17 C 1469 403 9 143 aprill, 〈◊〉 1470 404 10 142 aprill, 22 King Edward proclaimed usurper, having fled to Flaunders, and King Henry restored The K. Edward landed at Ravensport, regained the Crown, by help of his brother, Duke of Clarence, took Q. Margaret with prince Edward prisoners. 1471 405 11 141 aprill, 14 1472 406 12 140 ma. 29. E 1473 407 13 139 aprill, 18 1474 4●8 14 138 april, 1● 1475 409 15 137 mar. 26 1476 410 16 136 apri. 14 G The King sailed into France to aid the Duke of Burgundy; but by suit of the French King, peace was concluded. 1477 411 17 135 aprill, 6 1478 412 18 134 mar. 22 1479 413 19 133 april, 11 A great Dearth. 1480 414 20 132 apr, 2 B Anno Domini. post conquesin King Reign time expired. 1612 Easter day. Edward the 5 about 13 years old, was deprived of his life and Crown by his Uncle the Duke of Gloucester. Richard the 3. brother to Edward the 4 was made King, june, 22. and was crowned at Westminister, but was shortly after slain. 1481 415 21 131 april, 22 The Citizens of London lent the King 5000 mark. 1482 416 22 130 april, 7 1483 417 23 129 mar. 30 Edward 4. died, April, 9 Defect. Edward 5. begins. April, 9 Defect. He died, having reigned ●2 years, 5 weeks, and one day, buried at Windsor. 1483 417 1 129 mar. 30 Edwa. 5 murdered jan. 22 Defect Ri. 3. usurp. began. jan. 22 Defect He was murdered having reigned two months and 18 days. 1483 417 1 129 mar. 3● 1484 4●8 1 128 ap. 18. D The king began the high tower at Westmin. 1485 419 2 127 aprill. 3 The battle at Bosworth. Richard 3 slain August, 22 periodi. Henry 7 began August, 22 periodi. He was slain when he had reigned 2 years, 8 weeks, and 5 days, buried at Leicester. 1485 419 1 127 april, 3 Sweeting sickness. The King ordained a number of good Archers to attend him, called Yeomen of the Guard. 1486 420 1 126 mar. 20 1487 421 2 125 aprill. 1● Prince Arthur borne, 1487. 1488 422 3 124 apri. 6 F 1489 423 4 123 aprill, 19 The Earl of Northumberland slain. 1490 424 5 122 aprill, 11 1491 425 6 121 aprill, 3 Henry the King's son borne. 1492 420 7 120 apr. 22. A 3493 427 8 119 aprill, 7 1494 428 9 118 mar. 30 1495 429 10 117 aprill 10 1496 430 11 116 apri, 3, C jesus College in Cambridge founded by john Alcocke, the 29 Bishop of Ely. 1497 431 12 115 mar. 26 1498 432 13 114 aprill, 15 1499 533 14 113 mar. 31 Gascoine wine at forty shillings the Tun. 1500 434 15 112 apr. 19 E 1501 435 16 111 aprill, 1● 1502 436 17 110 mar. 27 Prince Arthur married to Katherine, daughter to Ferdinand, King of Spain. 1503 437 18 109 april. 16 1504 438 19 108 apr 7. G Christ College in Cambr. first founded by Henry 6. who named it God's house: but this year Henry the 7. granted a Charter to his mother that it might be translated at her pleasure, for the benefit of Students, providing it were ever called Christ's College. 1505 439 20 107 mar. 23 1506 440 21 106 aprill. 12 1507 441 22 105 aprill. 4 1508 442 23 104 aprill, 30 1509 443 24 103 aprill. 8 Anno Domini. post conquestum K. Reign Time expired 1612 Easter day. King Henry the eighth, was a mighty man, and wise: He abrogated the Pope's authority in England, and pulled down their Abbeys, etc. Henry the 7. died, Apri, 22 Defect. Henry the 8. begins. Apri, 22 Defect. Henry 7. died at Richmond, having reigned 23 years, 10. more & 24. da. buried at Westmin. 1509 443 1 103 april ●● S john's College in Cambridge being an ancient hostel, was converted to a College by the Excecutors of the Countess of Richmond, and Derby, and Mother to H. 7. in this year, as her will was. 1510 444 1 102 mar. 31 1511 445 2 101 april, 20 1512 446 3 100 april 10 1513 447 4 99 mar. 27 1513. Will. Smith, Bishop of Lincoln, founded Brazen nose College in Oxford. 1514 448 5 98 april. 18 1515 449 6 97 aprill, 8 Magdalen College an hostel first for divers Mo●kes of sundry Monasteries, was this year translated by the Duke of Buckingham, who this year built up the Hall. 1516 450 7 96 ap. 23, F 1517 451 8 95 april, 12 1516 452 9 94 aprill, 4 1519 453 10 93 april, 2● 1520 454 11 92 apr. 8. A 1521 455 12 91 mar. 31 1522 456 13 90 april, 20 1523 457 14 89 aprill, 5 1524 458 15 88 m●● 2. C 1523 459 16 87 april 17 1526 460 17 86 april, 1. Corpus Christ's College founded by Ri. Fox, Bishop of Winchester. 1527 461 18 85 apri, 21 1528 462 19 84 apr. 12. E 1529 463 20 83 mar. 28 Queen Katherine brought before the two Cardinals: her marriage at last found unlawful. 1530 464 21 82 aprill. 15 1531 465 22 81 aprill. ● 1532 466 23 80 ma 31. G Sir Thomas Moor discharged. T. Audley, Lord Chancellor. 1533 467 24 79 aprill. 13 1534 468 25 78 aprils ● The Pope's authority abrogated. 1535 469 26 77 mar. 20 Sir Thomas Moor beheaded. 1536 470 27 76 apr. ●6 B The King married the Lady jane. 1537 471 28 75 aprill. 1 1538 472 29 74 april, 21 Christ-church in Oxford founded by Cardinal Wolsey. 1539 473 30 73 aprill. 6 1540 474 31 72 ma. 28 D Queen Katherine beheaded. 1541 475 32 71 april. 17 1542 476 33 70 aprill. 9 The King married Ka. Parr, and this year the King went to Boloin. 1543 477 34 69 mar. 25 1544 478 35 68 apr. 13, F 1545 479 36 67 aprill, 5 1546 480 37 66 april, 25 Trinity College in Cambridge founded. Anno Domini. post conquestum. K Reign Time expired Easter day. Edward the sixth began his reign at nine years old, who having his Council appointed by his Father. After him succeeded Mary, his eldest Sister, who restored the Pope's authority. And after her Elizabeth, second daughter of Henry the eighth. Henry the 8. died jan. 28 period Edw. the 6. begins. jan. 28 period He died, having re●●● 37 years, 10 months and two days, buried at Westminster. 1546 480 1 66 aprill 25 1547 481 1 65 april, 10 Muskelborough field. 1548 482 2 64 april, 1. A The siege of Hadington. 1549 483 3 63 april, 21 Boloin yielded. 1550 484 4 62 aprill, 6 The second fall of base money. 1551 485 5 61 mar. 20 1552 486 6 60 apr. 17. C The new service-book in English. 1553 487 7 59 aprill. 2 Edward 6 died, july 6. Defectiu Mary began. july 6. Defectiu He died at Green-wich, buried at Westminster, when he had reigned 6 you. 23 we. 5. day. 1553 487 1 59 aprill, 2 Bishops restored. 1554 488 1 58 mar. 15 Wiat beheaded. 1555 489 2 57 april, 14 The first use of Coaches in England. 1556 490 3 56 apr. 5. E Trinity Coll, in Oxf, being in Anno 1370 a religious house, & called Durham College, was now refounded by Tho. Pope knight. 1557 491 4 5● april. 1 8 1558 492 5 54 aprill. 1● Q. Mary died. Novem. 17. periodi. Q Elizab began Novem. 17. periodi. She died having reigned 5 years, 4 months and 22 days, buried at Westminster. 1558 492 1 52 april, 10 Now the Mass was suppressed. 1559 493 1 53 mar. 25 1560 494 2 52 ap. 14. G All base money suppressed. 1561 495 3 51 aprill, 6 Paul's steeple burned. 1562 496 4 50 mar. 2 Going to New haven. 1563 497 5 49 aprill, 11 108 parishes infected in London. 1564 498 6 48 apri, 2. B 1565 499 7 47 april, 22 Thames frozen, Anno Reg. 7. 1566 500 8 46 april, 14 This year sir Will Peter Knight augmented Exeter College, first founded by Walte Stapleton, Bishop of Exeter 1556 1568 501 9 45 mar. 3 C 1568 502 10 44 ap. 28. D 1569 503 11 43 aprill, ●0 1570 504 12 4 mar. 26 divers Armiens sent into Scotland. 1571 505 13 41 april, 15 The Duke of Norfolk arraigned. 1572 506 14 40 apr. 6 F The Massacre in France. 1573 507 15 39 mar. 22 Edenborow yielded to the English. 1574 508 16 38 april, 12 An Earthquake. 1575. 509 17 37 aprill, 3 The Family of love. Anno Domini. post conquestum K. Reign time expi Easter day. Charles james the first of that name, son to Henry Steward, Lord Darley, & Mary, King & Queen of Scotl. borne at Edenburg. whose godfather was Ch. K of France, & Phill. D of Savov, Q. Eliz. being his godmother, who gave him a Font of gold of 333. ounces; whose true successor he is. 1576 510 16 30 apr. 22. A 1577 511 19 35 aprill. 7 1578 512 20 34 mar. 30 1579 513 21 33 april 10 Frobushers voyage to Cathay. A blazing star. Great snow. great floods. A general earthquake. 1580 514 22 32 apr. 3. C 1581. 515 23 31 mar. 26 1582 516 24 30 april 15 A blazing star. Strange tempest. 1583 517 25 29 april. 14 The prince of Orange slain. 1584. 518 26 28 apr. 19 E Emanuel College in Cambridge founded by Walter Mildmay. 1585. 519 27 27 aprill, 11 1586 520 28 26 aprill, 3 Sir H. Sidney deceased. 1587. 521 29 25 aprill, 16 The Queen of Scots beheaded. 158● 522 30 24 apr. 7 G Tilbury Campe. 1589 523 31 23 mar, 30 Portugal voyage. 1590. 524 32 22 aprill, 19 Christ's College in Cambridge founded. 1591. 525 33 21 aprill. 4 1592. 526 34 20 ma. 26. B Term at Hartford. 1593. 527 35 19 aprill, 15 Prince Henry borne in Scotland. 1594 528 36 18 mar. 31 1595 529 37 17 april, 20 A great dearth, Anno Reg. 37. 1596 530 38 18 apr. 11. D The Spaniards win Calais. 1597 531 39 15 mar. 27 The voyages to the Isles of Terceras. 1598. 532 40 14 aprill, 16 The King of Spain dieth. 1599 533 41 13 aprill, 8 The Earl of Essex road towards Ireland. 1600 534 42 12 ma. 23. F 1601 535 43 11 april. 12 The Earl of Essex beheaded. 43. Marshal Baron of France arrived. 1602 536 44 10 aprill, 4 Seminaries executed. Q. Elizabeth died Mar. 24 periodi. K. james began. Mar. 24 periodi. She died having reigned 44. years, 4. months, & 14 days, buried at Westminster. An. D P. C kr Sc. T. e. East. da The great plague in London, whereof dread from Decem. 1602. to Dece. 1603, 30 578 peace with Spain. 3 Popes in 6 weeks. Powder treason The King of Denmark cometh to England Great inundations in England. The Oath of Allegiance ministered. The first plantation of Virginia. The King of France murdered. And the prince created Prince of Wales, & after setteth his house in honourable fashion & order, his Titles be: Henry Prince of Wales, Duke of Cornwall and Rothesey, and Earl of Chester. 1602 536 1 36 10 aprill, 4 1603 537 1 37 9 apri. 24 1604 538 2 38 8 ap. 18. A 1605 539 3 39 7 mar. 31 1606 540 4 40 6 apri, 20 1607 541 5 41 5 april. 5 1608 542 6 42 4 m. 27 C 1609 543 7 43 3 april. 16 1610 544 8 44 2 aprill, 8 1611 545 9 45 1 mar. 24 Anno Domini post conquestum K. Re. England K. Re. Scotland time expired Easter day. 1612 546 10 46 0 apr. 12, E 1613 547 11 47 1 aprill, 4 1614 548 12 48 2 april, 24 1615 549 13 49 3 aprill. 9 1616 550 14 50 4 ma. 31. G 1917 551 15 51 5 april, 20 1618. 552 16 52 6 april, 5 1619 553 17 53 7 mar. 28 1620 554 18 54 8 apr. 16, B 1621. 555 19 55 9 april, 1 1622 556 20 56 10 april, 21 1623. 557 21 57 11 april, 13 1624. 558 22 58 12 ma 28. D 1625 559 23 59 13 april, 17 1626. 560 24 60 14 aprill, 9 1627. 561 25 61 15 mar. 25 1628. 562 26 62 16 apr. 13, P 1629 563 27 63 17 aprill, 5 Anno Domini, post conquestum K Re. England. K Re. Scotland time expire Easter day. 1630 564 28 64 18 mar 28 1631 565 29 65 19 aprill. 10 1632 566 30 66 20 apri. 1. A 1633 567 31 67 21 april, 21 1634 568 32 68 22 april, 6 1635 569 33 69 23 mar. 29 1636 570 34 70 24 ap. 17. C 1637 571 35 71 25 aprill, 9 1638 572 36 72 26 mar. 25 1639 573 37 73 27 april, 14 1640 574 38 74 18 apr. 4. B 1641 575 39 75 29 april, 25 1642 576 40 76 30 april, 10 1643 577 41 77 31 april, 2 1644 578 42 78 32 ap. 21. G 1645 579 43 79 33 aprill, 6 1646 580 44 80 34 mar. 29 Note in the reading of these brief Chronicle Notes, at the end of many of them you shall have certain figures set, which signifies the year of the King it happened in; because sometime the accident was not in that regnal year that stands against the Eclesian year. The Description and use of this New Table, called A Concordancy of Years. THis my Concordancy of Years, hath in every page 5 several rows, under several Titles, as the first row is under the Year of our Lord, beginning at 1066. at what time the Conqueror began, & so continuing to the year 1646. The next row is under post Conquestum, showing how many years any year of our Lord, or any year of any King was after the Conquest. The third is under King's Reign, showing how the years of the King's answer to the years of our Lord. The fourth is under Time expired, showing how many years it is since any of the years placed in any of the 3 former rows, at this present year 1612. And the last row is placed under the Title of Easter day, showing what day of the month Easter day fell upon any year since the Conquest, to the year 1646. In which row also be certain Capital letters placed, which be the later of the Dominical letters in the Leap-year, as in Chap. 21. Now these things considered, you are to understand, that all the difficulty in computating of time is when the question is only propounded by the year of the King's reign, and therefore if you can devise when any question is made by any year of any King, to know in what year of our Lord it was, than the labour is nothing: for you must know, that every year, of any King as yet, began in one year of the Lord, & ended in the next ensuing year which is the cause of this difference. But to make all more plain, I will propound certain examples both of the year of our Lord, and of the regnal year. Quest. 1 I have a Lease for an hundred years, bearing date in April 1514, and I would know this year 1612. what time I have remaining. ANSWER. Seek first the year of our Lord, 1514, & their begin to tell at the next year forwards, calling 1515. one, 1516. two, and so proceed, until you come to 1612: so shall you count to the number of 98 years, and so many of your 100 years be expired: But in the numbering thus, you must remember, that before & after the change of every Prince, one & the same year of our Lord is twice placed, therefore omit the one in your reckoning. Or take 1514 out of 1612, so have you 98 years: Or seek (with more ease) in the third row under Time expired, what figures stand against 1514, so shall you find 98, as before, and so many years be expired, 1612. But if you had sought this any other year after 1612. as 1614, then must you have seen what figures in the fift row had been against 1614, as 2, the which 2 must have been added to 98: so had you 100 years. The like for any other year after, to 1646. Quest. 2. I have a Lease granted for 60 years, bearing date the 8 of january, in the 6 year of Edward the 6. and I would know this year 1612, how many years be expired. ANSWER. You must note first that the regnal years stand periodical, or complete, against the years of our Lord: so that the year Regnall standeth against that Eclesian year, or year of our Lord it ended in, and not against that it began in: so that if a question in the Computation be put in the beginning of the regnal year or in this concordancy in the ending of the regnal year, the demand is easy: but if the contrary happen, it is more hard. Therefore the matter and intent of this my work is, when a question is pronounded by the year of any King, to know in what year of our Lord it was: the is, whether it were in the year of cur Lord. God that the regnal year did take beginning, or ending in. This considered, all shall be made easy by the ensuing examples. Seek in your Tables for Edward the 6: then in the row under K. Reign, find the 6. year of his reign, which you shall find placed against 1552, against which in the row under Time expired, is 60. My leass is therefore expired in January the 8 day, 1612. Or having found the year of our Lord, count as in the first question, or subtract 1552 from 1612, as before: but reckoning with the old Computation, you have 61. years, which is false: but to make all plain, work as followeth. Notes to be observed for this new kind of of easy Computation. YOu must first consider, that in my Calendar in the Margin upon the left hand, the weeks be numbered from our Lady day, the which number for brevities sake, is called the Hebdomadall Number. Next, here is an ensuing Table, wherein the names of all the Kings and Queens of England since the Conquest be writ: and to them is added a certain number of weeks and days, as to Henry the 7, 21 weeks, and 3 days, which I call Epact, which Bosco saith is Intercalare, or addere. But howsoever, you may admit the word without offence, since it is but for distinction or difference sake which had work, 〈◊〉 followeth. A Table of the Epacts for each King. KING'S Names. Epact. KING'S Names. Epact. w. da. w. da. Wil Conqueror 29 0 Hen. the. fourth. 27 1 Wil Rufus. 24 0 Henry the fifth. 51 2 Henry the first, 18 3 Henry the sixth. 22 5 Stephen. 36 0 Edw. the fourth. 49 0 Henry the second 30 4 Edward the fifth 2 1 Richard the first. 14 5 Rich. the third. 11 2 john. 1 6 Hen. the seventh 21 3 Henry the third. 31 1 Hen. the eighth 4 0 Edward the first. 33 5 Edw. the sixth. 44 0 Edward the second 14 6 Mary. 15 1 Edward the third. 43 4 Elizabeth. 33 6 Richard the second 12 4 King james. 51 5 When any question is propounded by the year of any King only, without mention of the Eccles●●● 〈…〉 year, you must note in what Kings reign●● 〈…〉 what month, and day of the month it 〈…〉 date. Next, ' find the said month, and 〈…〉 month, & see what Hebdomadall 〈…〉 ●●●reth thereunto: that is, how 〈…〉 it is from the 25 of March: 〈…〉 ●●●ble find the name of the King 〈…〉 number of weeks & da●●● 〈…〉 pact: and against the 〈…〉 numbers, viz. 〈…〉 consider which 〈…〉 If the E●●●●● 〈…〉 the dem●●● 〈…〉 year, which standeth against the Ecclesian year periodically. But if the Hebdomadall number be the greater, the demand was made in the beginning of the regnal year, which answereth to the Ecclesian year, or year of our Lord next before. And of both these differences an example followeth. Quest. 3 I have an Evidence bearing date the 13 of May, in the 23 year of Elizabeth. I would know 1612, what year of our Lord it was, how long since, & how long after the Conquest it was. ANSWER. To answer this question by this new Table, first seek the Epact of Elizabeth, which is 33 weeks & 6 days: then the Hebdomadall number of the 13 of May, is 13 weeks: here the Epact is the greater. Therefore, according to the first difference, the demand is made in the ending of the regnal year that stands periodically against the year of our 〈◊〉 in the Concordancy. Wherefore to resolve 〈…〉 ●●estion, find the 23 year of Elizabeth, a●●● 〈…〉 ●●ich standeth 1581., in the first row: in 〈…〉 15, & in the fourth is 31: whereby 〈…〉 Evidence was dated in the 25 Anno Domini 1581., 515 af●●● 〈…〉 that it is 31 years since, 〈…〉, see the answer to 〈…〉 Quest. 4. I have a lease bearing date the 5 of March, in the 2 year of Elizabeth, and is to continue for 60 years: I demand what year of our Lord it was dated in, and consequently how many years be expired this year 1612. ANSWER. As in the last question, confer the Epact of Elizabeth, and the Hebdomadall Number of the 5 of March together, noting which is the greater. In this question the Hebdomadall number is the greater: therefore according to the second difference, the demand was made in the beginning of the regnal year, which answereth to the year of our Lord next before. Seek therefore the second year of Elizabeth, against which in the first row is 1560: but for the causes before said, you must take the year next before: that is, 1559, and that year of our Lord was the lease dated in, the tune expired standing against the same, as 53 and so many years of my lease be expired. But if you seek how many years be expired in any other year after 1612, work as in the first question. Quest. 5. To find Easter day, and the rest of the movable feasts, because many times Deeds, etc. bear date upon such days, without mention of the month, as also to find the Dominical letter. First seek the year of our Lord God, or year of the King, against either of which in the last row upon the right hand, is the month, and day of the month the Easter day fell upon that year: which had, get the other movable Feasts thus: From Easter day count fix Sundays backwards, so have you Quadragessima, or the first Sunday in Lent: then go back unto the next Tuesday, so have ye Shrove-tuesday. Again, From Easter day forwards count five weeks, or 35 days; so have you Rogation Sunday. The next Thursday after is Ascension day. Ten days after is Whitsunday. The next Sunday following is Trinity Sunday, and four days after is Corpus Christi day. Having found Easter day, see what day of the month it happened on, and find that day in the Calendar: for the letter answering thereto was Dominical letter that year. As 1611 Easter day was the 24 of March, to which F answereth in the Calendar: therefore F was Sunday letter that year. But when it is Leap-year there be two Dominical letters, whereof that which beginneth the year, and serveth till Saint Mathias day, is noted by the time in the Table when Easter day happeneth, and the other serving to the end of the year is the next letter in the Alphabet that goeth before: or this letter is found by Easter day, as before. Quest 6. I have a deed bearing date upon Wednesday day in the Easter week, in the year of our Lord 1556. I desire this present year 1612. to know in what Kings year it was, what month, what day of the month, and how long since it was dated. ANSWER. First seek 1556, against which under Easter day, standeth Aprill 5. Wherefore Easter day was the 5 of April, D being Dominical letter: so that Wednesday in Easter week was the 8 of April, G standing for the same: than you may see it was in Queen Mary's time: and remembering what was said before) in the third year of her reign, and that it is 56 years since, and 490 after the Conquest. Now if any evidence bear date upon the Kalends, Nones, or Ideses of any month, they be easily found in the Calendar without further speech, because they stand against the ordinary day of the month. Note by the name of every King deceased, you shall find one of these words, periodical, which signifieth the King reigned so many years as be in the concordancy, beside odd months, etc. or Defective, which signifieth he did not reign complete so many years, but only wrote of so many. Quest. 7. How shall I make a concordancy of principal times of note, that were in being long since? ANSWER. In the ensuing Table is set down how many years it is since at this present year 1612. Since the Creation 5582 Flood. 3925 Promise of Abraham. 3558 Israelits departure out of Egypt 3128 Entrance of Brute into England. 2719 Building of the Temple of Solomon. 2648 Building of Rome. 2363 Captivity of Babylon. 2217 Death of Alexander 1936. Birth of Christ, 1612 passion of Christ. 1579 England received the faith. 1432 Conquest of England. 546 Inventing of Printing. 152 Order of Templars 494 Time the London & Paris were commanded to be paved. 426 Building of London bridge with stone. 435 But if you seek how long it is since any of these times after 1612, seek in your Table what number standeth against that proposed year of our Lord in the row under Time expired, & that add to the time of note proposed, & if the demand were made in any year before 1612, take the number under the title Time expired answering to the year of our Lord out of the number in the former table: as 1600 I would know how long it was then after the Creation: therefore according to what is said, I take 12 from 5582, so have I 5570, my demand. Quest. 8. How shall I find the Golden number, Circle of the Sun, and Epact by this Concordancy? ANSWER. To the time of Post Conquestum add three, and from the Total reject 19 so often as you may, or divide by 19: so is the which remaineth the Golden number, and the quotient, or number of 19 rejected, the number of Revolutions of the said Circle since the Conquest. Now for the Circle of the Sun, to the time of post Conquestum, add 11, dividing by 28, as before by 19, so is the remainder the Circle of the Sun. For the Epact work as in the 30. Chapter. To know if figures be mistaken in the Concordancy. Add Anno Domini, and Time expired together, for they must make both 1612, I mean in none of the Tables after 1612. Also, add Time expired and post Conquestum both together: for they must make 1612. Also take 1066 from the proposed year, and the remainder is post conquestum. Lastly, take Ann. Dom. proposed from the present year of our Lord, so have you Time expired. Let this suffice for the brief use of this Concordancy. Of the four times of pleading, called Terms, and of their Returns. For the hearing and determining of all kind of contracts, discords, & such like in that common weal, there be four times in the year appointed, which be called Terms, because in those days the learned judges set Finis & Terminus, Contentionum, or Terminus litis, that is, an end of contention and debate betwixt party and party. Now every of these four Terms consist of four, five or eight Returns: every Return of four days, and every day serving unto a several purpose. Note therefore that every Term hath but part, or all of these 6 kind of Returns, viz. Crastino Octabis, Quindeno, Tres Mense, and Quinque, as you may gather hereafter. Every of which Returns hath a Basis, or known day, from whence they take their denomination, and be reckoned. The signification of which six kind of Returns is thus: Crastino is the morrow after the Basis, or day nominated, as Crastino Trinitatis, is the morrow after Trinity Sunday, Trinity Sunday being the Basis, and the day that gives the denomination. Octabis is 8 days after inclusively. Quind. is 15 days after, Tres, that day thrée-wéekes, Mensae that day month, & Quinq. that day five weeks. Now every of these Returns hath four several, days whereupon they consist: The first whereof hath double signification, the one is the day of Return, and the other the day of essoin for the defendant in a personal action, or the Tenant in are all action, to be essoined. The second, is the day of Exceptions, for the Plaintiff or demandant to lay an exception, if no essoin be cast, that the Defendant shall not be essoined, or amerced. The third is, Returna Brevium, that is, the day whereon the Sheriff must return the writ. And the fourth is the day of appearance for Parties and jurors in the Court of Common Pleas. But if so any of these days fall upon an Holiday, that is no Court day: as in Easter Term upon Ascension day, in Trinity Term upon S. john Baptists day, in Michaelmas Term upon All-Saints day, and in Hillary Term upon the Purification of our Lady, or upon any Sunday, (all which be not Court days,) then must the next day following serve for both. As if the essoin day fell upon a Sunday, than Monday must serve for essoin day, and day of Exception both. As for these days, they have all most use in the Court of Common pleas, where all suits commence by original etc. But for Latitats, or other process upon a bill certain, it is upon a day certain, as Die lunae proxi, post Purifi. which must always be reckoned from the essoin day. In the star-chamber, Chancery, Court of Wards, and Court of Requests, they use none of these Returns, but only the day of appearance, which is quarto die post. Yet note well, if a Capias, Exigent, Scri-facias, or Destringas be executed after the day of essoin by the Sheriff, or a Commission seat upon out of any of the foresaid Courts, after the said essoin day, it is neither justifiable, nor warrantable: but for that these Terms may be found out easily by every one for ever, as also for that it is most fit for all men to know, I have devised in performance thereof, the ensuing Table for their sakes, whose use is thus. To find the beginning and ending of the Terms by a new Table for ever in a most easy manner. Prim 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 A B C D E F G 1 8 8 8 8 7 7 7 2 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 3 9 9 9 9 9 8 8 4 8 7 7 7 7 7 7 5 6 6 6 6 5 5 5 6 9 9 8 8 8 8 8 7 7 7 7 7 7 6 6 8 10 10 10 9 9 9 9 9 8 8 8 8 8 8 7 10 7 7 6 6 6 6 6 11 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 12 8 8 8 7 7 7 7 13 6 6 6 6 6 6 5 14 9 9 9 9 8 8 6 15 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 16 6 6 6 5 5 5 5 17 9 8 8 8 8 8 8 18 7 7 7 7 7 6 6 19 10 10 9 9 9 9 9 By the 32 chapter you must first get the Prime & Dominical letter, which had, enter this little ensuing table, finding the Prime in the margin upon the left hand, from whence proceed rightwards, until you come under the Dominical letter of the proposed year, noting in the common angle the number answering thereunto, & also the number in the head of the Table, over the said Dominical letter. A new and perpetual Table to find the beginning and ending of the four Terms. Intermin Easter Term. Trinity Term. Michaelmas Term. Hilary Term. W D begins ends. gins ends. gins ends. gins ends. 5 3 Apri, 8 may 4 ma. 22 Iu. 10 Oct, 9 No, 28 Ia, 23 Feb. 12 5 4 april 9 may 5 ma. 23 Iu. 11 Oct, 9 no, 2 ja, 23 feb. 12 5 5 apri. 10 may 6 ma. 24 Iu. 12 Oct, 9 no, 28 Ia, 23 feb, 12 5 6 apr. 11 may 7 ma. 25 Iu. 13 Oct, 9 no, 28 Ia, 23 feb. 12 6 ● apr. 12 may 8 ma, 26 Iu. 14 Oct, 9 no, 28 Ia, 23 feb. 13 6 1 apr. 13 may 9 ma. 27 Iu. 15 Oc. 10 no, 28 Ia, 24 feb. 12 6 2 apr. 14 ma. 10 ma. 28 Iu. 16 Oct, 9 no, 29 Ia, 23 feb. 12 6 3 apr. 15 ma. 11 ma. 29 In 17 Oct, 9 no, 28 Ia, 23 feb, 12 6 4 apr. 16 ma. 12 ma. 30 Iu. 18 Oct, 9 no, 28 Ia, 23 feb. 12 6 5 apr. 17 ma. 13 ma. 31 Iu. 19 Oct, 9 no, 28 Ia, 23 feb. 12 6 6 apr. 18 na. 14 june 1 Iu. 20 Oct, 9 no. 28 Ia, 23 feb. 12 7 0 apr. 19 ma. 15 jun. 2 Iu. 21 Oct, 9 no, 28 ja. 23 feb. 13 7 1 apr. 20 ma. 16 jun. 3 In, 22 Oc, 10 no. 28 Ia, 24 feb. 12 7 2 apr. 21 ma. 17 jun. 4 In, 23 Oct, 9 no, 29 Ia, 23 feb. 12 7 3 apr. 22 ma. 18 jun. 5 In, 24 Oct, 9 no, 28 ja. 23 feb, 12 7 4 apr. 23 ma. 19 jun. 6 In, 25 Oct. 9 no, 28 Ia, 23 feb. 12 7 5 apr. 24 ma. 20 jun. 7 In, 26 Oct, 9 no, 28 Ia, 23 feb. 12 7 6 apr. 25 ma. 21 jun. 8 In, 2● Oct, 9 no, 28 Ia, 23 feb. 1● 8 0 apr. 26 ma. 22 jun, 9 In, 28 Oct, 9 no, 28 Ia, 23 feb. 13 8 1 apr. 27 ma. 23 Iu. 10 In, 29 Oc 10 no, 28 Ia, 24 feb. 12 8 2 apr. 28 ma. 24 Iu. 11 Iu. 30 Oct. 9 no, 29 Ia, 23 feb. 12 8 3 apr. 29 ma. 25 Iu. 12 july 1 Oct, 9 no, 28 Ia, 23 feb. 12 8 4 apr. 30 ma. 26 Iu. 13 july 2 Oct. 9 no, 28 Ia, 23 feb. 12 8 5 May 1 ma. 27 Iu. 14 july 3 Oct, 9 no, 28 ja. 23 feb. 12 8 6 may 2 ma. 28 Iu. 15 july 4 Oct, 9 no. 28 ja. 23 feb. 12 9 0 may 3 ma. 29 Iu. 16 july 5 Oct, 9 no, 28 ja. 2 feb. 13 9 1 may 4 ma. 30 Iu. 17 july 6 Oc. 10 no, 28 ja. 24 feb. 12 9 2 may 5 ma. 31 In, 18 july 7 Oct, 9 no, 29 Ia, 23 feb. 12 9 3 may 6 june 1 Iu. 19 july 8 Oct, 9 no. 28 Ia, 23 feb, 12 9 4 may 7 jun. 2 Iu. 20 july 9 Oct, 9 no, 28 Ia, 23 feb, 12 9 5 may 8 jun. 3 Iu. 21 jul. 10 Oct, 9 no, 28 ja. 23 feb. 12 9 6 may 9 jun. 4 Iu. 22 Iul, 11 Oct, 9 no, 28 ja. 23 feb, 12 10 0 may 10 jun, 5 Iu. 23 Iul, 12 Oct, 9 no, 28 ja. 23 feb, 12 10 1 may 11 jun, 6 In 24 Iul, 13 Oc, 10 no, 28 Ia 24 feb, 12 10 2 may 12 jun. 7 Iu. 25 Iul, 14 Oct, 9 no, 29 ja. 23 feb, 12 The which two numbers keep, calling that you found in the body of the Table weeks, and that in the front of the Table, days: then to find how the Terms shall hap, enter the Table before, and in the two rows upon your left hand, under Interuallum minus, find the numbers formerly found in the little Table, answering to which upon your right hand, is the beginning and ending of every Term, under their proper Titles. Example. 1613. The Prime is 18. and the Dominical letter C, as in the 32 Chapter: then I enter the former little Table, and find 18 upon the left side, and so proceeding until I come under C. I find 7 in the body of the Table, and 2 over C: the which 7 and 2 I find in the Table of Terms, in the rows under inter, min. whereby proceeding rightwards, I may conclude that Easter Term shall begin April 21, and end May 17. Trinity Term gins june 4, and ends june 23, and so forth. The like for any other year. As for the Returns of every Term, they be these that follow. Easter Term hath 5 Returns. Quindeno paschae, Tres paschae, Mense paschae, Quinque paschae, & Crastino Ascensionis. Trinity Term hath 4 Returns. Crastino Trinitatis, Octabis Trinitatis, Quindeno Trinitatis, and Tres Trinitatis. Hillary Term hath 4 Returns. Octabis Hilar. Quind. Hill. Crastino Purificationis, and Octab. Purificationis. Michaelmas Term hath 8 Returns. Octa. Michael, Quind. Mich, Tres Mich. Mense Mich. Crastino Animarum, Crastino Martini, Octa. Marti. Quindeno Marti. Now if you would know what day any of these Returns happen upon, remember what is said before, and it is easy. The vulgar Notes of the Terms. Easter Term beginneth 17 days affer Easter, and endeth 4 days after Ascension day. Trinity Term beginneth the next day after Corpus Christi day, ending the wednesday fortnight. Michaelmas Term beginneth the 9 or 10 of October, ending the 28. or 29. of November. Hillary Term beginneth the 23, or 24 of january, ending the 12. as 13. of February. The Exchequer always openeth eight days before any Term; only excepting Trinity Term, and then it openeth but 4 days before. A new Table for twenty years, showing the beginning and ending of the four Terms: the use whereof is thus: Seek the year of our Lord in the Column upon the left hand, answering to which in a right line rightwards, is the day of the month that every Term beginneth and endeth, under their proper titles. Anno Dom. Easter Term. Trinity Term, Michaelmas Term. Hillary Term. begins ends, begins ends. gins ends. gins ends. 1612 Ap. 29 ma, 25 jun, 12 July, 1 Oct, 9 N 1.28 Ia, 23 Fe. 12 1613 apr. 21 ma, 17 jun, 4 jun, 23 Oct, 9 10. 29 ja. 23 Fe. 12 1614 may 11 jun. 7 In, 24 Iul, 13 10 28 23 12 1615 apr, 26 ma, 22 jun, 9 jun, 28 9 28 23 13 1616 apr. 17 〈◊〉 13 ma, 31 jun, 19 9 28 23 12 1617. may 7 jun, 2 In, 20 July 9 9 28 23 13 1618. apr. 22 ma, 18 jun, 5 In, 24 9 28 23 12 1619 apr. 14 ma, 10 ma. 28 Iu. 16 9 29 23 12 1620 may 3 ma. 29 In, 16 july, 5 9 28 23 13 1621. apr. 16 ma, 12 ma. 30 jun, 18 9 28 23 12 1622 may 8 jun, 3 In, 2. Iul, 10 Oct, 9 28 23 12 1623. apr. 30 ma, 26 In, 13 july 2 9 28 23 12 1624. apr. 14 ma, 10 ma, 28 jun, 16 9 29 23 12 1625 may 4 ma 30 In, 17 july 6 10 28 23 12 1626. apr. 26 ma, 22 jun, 9 In, 28 9 28 23 13 1627. apr, 11 ma, 7 ma, 25 In, 13 9 28 23 12 1628. apr. 30 ma. 26 In, 13 july, 2 9 28 2 12 1629 apr. 22 ma, 18 Jun, 5 Ju, 24 9 28 23 12 1630 apr. 14 ma, 10 ma, 28 In, 16 9 29 23 12 1631 apr, 27 ma, 23 In, 10 In, 29 10 28 2● 12 Example. As 1612, Easter Term beginneth Aprill 29, and endeth May 25. Trinity Term gins, june 12, and ends, july the first, etc. The old and vulgar Rule remembered in divers Books, whereby to know the Lawdayes, in the Court of Arches, the Audience of Canterbury, the Spiritual and Civil laws throughout the year, which I am bold to insert, since it is proper to no particular Author. Michaelmas Term. S. Luke. S. Simon & jude. S. Faith. S. Edward. All Saints. S. Martin. Edmond K. S. Katherine. S. Andrew. The Conception of our Lady. Ye must well understand, that the first day ensuing each of the Feasts set down before every Term, the Court of the Arches is kept in the forenoon at Bow Church: and in the afternoon the same first day, is kept in Southwark the Admiral Court for civili causes. The second day after each of these feasts, the Audience Court of Canterbury is held in that Consistory in Paul's in the forenoon: and the Prerogatine Court of Canterbury is kept in the same place in the afternoon the same day. The third day following any of those feasts, the Bishop of London's Court of Consistory is holden in Paul's in the forenoon: and in the same place is the Court of the queens highness Commissioners upon Appeals, and the court of Delegates holden in the afternoon the same third day. Hilary Term. S. Hillary. S. Wolstane. Conuers. of Paul. S. Blaze. S. Scolastice. S. Valentine. Ashwedensday S. Mathias. S. Chad. Perpet. & Feli S. Gregory. An. of our L. Understand that the four first Feasts of this Term be never changed, but are certain; the other are sometime kept, and sometime omitted, after the course of the year altered. And if it so chance, the one of those feasts be Ashwedensday, that are after S. Blaze day, so that the same Law-day after Ashwedensday cannot be kept, because the Law-day of the other feast doth light on the same day: the second Law-day after Ashwedensday shall be kept, and the other omitted. And if the Law-day after Ashwedensday be the next day after S. Blaze, then shall all and every of those days be observed in order, as they may be held conveniently. And note, that although Ashwedensday be the 7 in order, yet it hath no certain place, but is changed as the feast of Easter causeth it. Easter Term. The 15. day after Easter. Saint Alphage. Saint Mark Euangelift. Invention of the Cross. Gordian. Saint Dunstane, Ascension day. In this Term, the first sitting is always kept the Monday being the 15 day after Easter, and so after the feasts here noted, which shall next follow by course after Easter, and the like space being kept between other feasts, the rest of the law-days are kept the third day after the Ascension, which is the last of this Term. And if it happen that the Ascension day do come before any of those feasts aforesaid, than they are omitted for that year. And likewise, if any of those days come before the 15 day after Easter, those days are also omitted. Trinity Term. Trinitie-sunday. Corpus Christi. Boniface bishop S. Barnaby. S. Botolph. S. john. S. Paul. Tr. S. Tho. S. Swithin. S. Margaret. S. Anne. Remember that the Law-days of this Term are changed by the means of Pentecost; and the first sitting is holden always the first day after Trinity Sunday, and the second Law-day is holden the first day after Corpus Christi day, except it fall on some day above named, which chanceth sometime, and then the fit day is kept. And after the second session account four days or there about, and then look which is the next feast, and the first law-day after the said feast shall be the third session: the other law-days follow in order, but so many of them are kept, as for the time of the year is thought meet. Note generally that every day is called a Law-day, that is not Sunday or holiday, and that if the feast day being known of any Court day in any Term, and the first or second day following Bee Sunday, than the Court day is kept after the said holiday or feast day. First of all, these days are not altered, except they light on Sunday, or some Holiday, and every day is called a Law day, unless it be Sunday or Holiday. Note pag. 241. l. 10. Corpus day is omitted. Wages for Boat-men, and for their Barges and Boats, confirmed by Act of Parliament, Ann. 6. H. 8. Cap. 7. WHeréas Watermen, or Masters of Barges and Boats, did (as they do) continually practise to raise the wages or hire of their Boats, breaking thereby the ancient custom and reasonable wages, and so abused the great, and exacted on the poor, whereby many assaults and frays wore (and sometime are) committed, which hath often caused manslaughter: and also by reason of that east and unconscionable gain, the servants of many Householders and Husbandmen near adjoining where such Boats or Ferries were, did daily run from their masters and become Watermen. For the avoiding of which, and many such other inconveniences, it was ordained by the former Statute of H. 8. that these laudable customs, and ancient orders of wages for Boat-men should be observed and kept, upon pains that the offender should forfeit triple the fare: and that all Bailiffs, Constables, and other the King's officers next adjoining unto the Ferries, upon complaint to them made, or to any of them by them that be grieved in that behalf, to arrest them, and commit them to ward for their misdemeanour, and that they should make fine for the same. All which, to the end the poor and simple should not be deceived, nor the better sort deluded: and to the end every one might in that behalf certainly know, what wages was due to every Ferry, whereby both parties might know: the one when he gives, and the other when he receiveth abountifull reward. And that they should not murmur when a Gentleman giveth three pence, or four pence for crossing the water, I have taken pains to set down the wages allowed to every Ferry by the Statute, as followeth. First, for wages for Boat-men, and for their Barges or Boats, or for a Barge from London to Gravesend, four shillings, or else every person and his male two pence, so it pass not four shillings. From London to Erith, Greenwich, Grastorrocke, or Purfleete twelve pence, or else for every person and his farthel a penny, so it pass not 12 d. From London to Wolwich, thirteen pence for a Boat or Wherry, that is, the Tyde-boat, or else every person a half penny. From London to Greenwich four pence, or else a half penny for every person and his farthel. From London-bridge, Old Swan, the Crane in the Vintry, S. Marry Queries, or Paul's Wharfe, to Westminster, or Lambeth, or from Westminster or Lambeth to any of the foresaid places 3 pence, or else every person a halfpenny. From Blackfriars, Bridewell and the Temple to Westminster or Lambeth, two pence with their males, or a halfpenny for every person, so it amount not above two pence. From Westminster to Lambeth, or Strand-gate, or any way crossing the water, a half penny. For a boat from London to Mortlake 12 d. or else every person 2 d. with his male. And from those places above named to London, for a Boat or Barge, the like sums of money. Watermen rowing in great Barges with Lords, or other persons, to have 6 d. the day, and find themselves, unless they row to Mortlake, etc. then to have 8 d. a péecs by day, and find themselves. ANGLICANI JURIS PRACTIcis & expertis, salutem. EDIDI, studiosi juris professores, hoc Concord●ntium annorum Epitomen, haùd profectò ingenij ostentandi gratia, sed ingenti sanè desiderio iwandi legulios: proptereà quòd experientia mera cognovi, nonnullos, necpusillos causidicos, nec tyrones leguleios turpiter errare & incautè trasilire, cùm propter corum imbecillitatem in Arithmetica calculatione, tùm propter indigentiam tabularum annorum Concordantiam explicare. Dabo igitur operam supputare, imò, tabulam praeclaram & compendiosam aedificare, non ectypò & incommodè, sed de novo, nubes depellere, & umbras inscitiae discutere, ut absque difficultate, aut ullo sudore, ad respondendam aliquam questionem in nostra Anglicana Computatione, facilitate perveniamus. Quae si non ingrata fuissent tibi, ac lectoribus, intellexero, mea in posterum ad scribendum augebitur industria; interim igitur, si aliquid propter praesentes occupationes, & rarum in his exercendis usum, non satis commodè explicatum digestuque fuerit id vel humanitèr corrigendo, vel patienter ferendo, hanc lucubratiunculam nostram qualemcunque boni consule. Vale. Arthur Hopton, Imprinted at London for the Company of Stationer's 1612.