A DEFENSATIVE against the Plague: Containing two parts or treatises: the first, showing the means how to preserve us from the dangerous contagion thereof: the second, how to cure those that are infected therewith. Whereunto is annexed a short treatise of the small Pox: Showing how to govern and help those that are infected therewith. Published for the love and benefit of his Country by Simon Kellwaye Gentleman. Ecclesiasticus. cap. 38. God hath created meddesens of the earth, and he that is wise will not contemn them. AT LONDON, Printed by john Windet, dwelling near Paul's Wharfe at the Sign of the Crossekeyes, and are there to be sold. 1593. ❧ To the right Honourable, Robert Devorax, Earl of Essex and Ewe, Viscount of Hereforde, Lord Ferrer of Chartley, Borcher, and Lovayne, Master of the Queen's majesties Horse, Knight of the noble order of the Garter, and one of her majesties Honourable privy Counsel, your honours dutiful and loving servant Simon Kellwaye, wisheth a long and happy life, with increase of honour and virtue. PLato (Right Honourable) learnedly, (I might say divinely) wrote, that men were not borne (only) for themselves, but for their Country, their parents, and friends. The stoics in his time held, that all things that were created, had their being for man's use. Men (alone) were begotten, to be mutual helps each to other. The Romans when their estate most flourished, accounted him amongst the number of the infortunate, that during his life did not manifest (in some one public benefit or other) his affection and thankful heart, to the place wherein he first breathed, insomuch as Marcus Otho the Emperor, and Marcus Curtius a Roman Knight, aswell to free themselves from the mallconceived opinion of the people, as to make known to the world, that they were their country's devoted friends and well-willers, willingly and voluntarily thrust themselves into inevitable dangers, in which they offered the sacrifice of their lives for the safety of their Country, and finished their sorrowful tragedies with the general applause and admiration of all men. If these Heathens (having none but nature for their guide) proceeded so far in such exceeding love and zeal towards their Country, as they preferred the tranquillity and peace thereof, before their private commodities, liberties, and lives, how justly may they condemn us (that challenge the name of Christians) since our good actions and endeavours want weight to balance down theirs. But it is no marvel, for in this declining and dotage of the world, the most part of men are prone to follow their own preferments, delighting in self-love, and greedily snatching at the top of fickle fortune's wheel, (wherein the worlds summum bonum is fixed) which with the least touch ouerturnes, laying the heedless climer in the dust, as they have greater regard and respect unto their private profit and advancement (be it never so worthless) wherein they fond distrust the providence of God, then to the good of their country (how necessarily soever it require their help) wherein they show their neglect of duty, and stain themselves with the filth of ingratitude, than which nothing (in a reasonable creature) can be more faulty, for creatures unreasonable naturally abhor it. The consideration whereof, hath animated me (amongst many thousands the unworthiest) in this dangerous time of sickness (not unlikely to prove more dangerous, the worst season of the year approaching) wherein God hath already drawn his sword against us, and stricken some few, and except we cause him by our speedy repentance to sheathe it, he (no doubt) hath determined to strike us at the quick, how fearfully the wrath of God consumes, if his indignation be once kindled, we all know: but who shallbe able to abide it? let us therefore that have not yet felt his fury, become wise by the view of others miseries, the burnt child shuns the fire, but we (far more foolish than children) cast ourselves headlong into the flame, notwithstanding we see the ashes of our friends burnt before us. To publish for the benefit of all peopl that list to read it, and put it in practice, a treatise containing a method to preserve us from the Plague, as also how to order, govern, and cure those that are infected therewith: Collected out of the authorities of the most excellents, both former and later writers, and for the greatest part thereof observed, and tried by mine own experience: this being the first public bud that hath sprung of my labours, and the orphan of my studies, I present unto your Lordship as a pledge of my zeal and humble duty towards you, and your honourable and matchless virtues, derived in part from your noble Father, but more plentifully enriched with your invincible mind, and peerless endeavours, wherein you manifest to the eye of the world, the true Idea of perfect nobility, leave to succeeding posterity, a memorable remembrance of your never dying fame, and give encouragement to all noble minds, to imitate (though unable to match your honourable resolutions.) If your Lordship deign to patronize my endeavours, (far unworthy so honourable a Patron) I shall be securely protected from the venomous teeth of all carpers, bear (with ease) the burden of their reproaches, weighing as light as wind: and with a favourable aspect from you, (as from the world's bright eye) disperse all the foggy mists of their false conceived thoughts. My labours want not their reward, if they win your good word, nor my mind his desire, if you vouchsafe to favour. Thus wishing your Lordship as many happy years as virtues, and no fewer virtues than the firmament affords lights, commending my labours to your honourable protection, I humbly take my leave, this 25. of March. 1592. Your honours most dutiful Servant to command, Simon Kellwaye. To the friendly Reader. WHen I considered with myself (gentle Reader) the great calamity, misery, and most distressed state of our Country, on which it hath pleased God to inflict the heavy scourge of his wrath, by imposing on them that poisonous infection the plague, I therefore (as one partaker of their grief and sorrow) seeing also the same contagion so generally dispersed throughout this land, and not finding any english author that hath to my content written the means how to preserve and keep us from the contagion thereof, have thought it good to publish this small treatise under the title and name of a defensative against the Plague. Which work I have collected and drawn from sundry both ancient and later writers, the which being shadowed under the calm shroud of ancient consent, and strengthened with the abundant sap of late experience (as well mine own, as others) I here present the same, not so exquisitely plotted with so orderly a method, or so finely polished with so filled an eloquence, thereby to breed a delight to the learned, which would be a loathing to the unlearned, I have therefore thought best to disclose it, even in the plainest manner I could devise, whereby the simpler sort might reap the commodity thereof, whose safety I tender, and for whose sakes I have taken this pains. I doubt not but that some (Aristarchus or other) whose filthy stomachs being inflamed with malice, will attempt to nip off the crop of my future hope, objecting the barrenness of my soil wherein it first took root, and my want of skill in trimming and pruning it as it would require to be such, as small hope of fruit is to be looked for to proceed thereof, but high disdain willeth no man good, I give them leave to gloze as they list, knowing it most frivolous to afford unto such an answer, seeing in stead of reason there cometh nothing from them but either a disdainful smile, or a scornful mock (but it skilleth not) sith many of my ancients have tasted of their malice, whom I may justly compare to Antiphilos, that peerless pickthancke. Only upon this hope do I rest, that as in good will and love I have done it, so the well disposed will censure it in the best sort, and where defects are (as I doubt not of many) they will in friendly and charitable manner correct and amend the same, which may occasion me to take some further pains hereafter. Farewell. From my house this 25. of March. 1593. Thine in all friendly love, S. K. George Baker, in commendation of the Author. AMongst all the heinous offences that ever were, none were in time passed so sharply punished, nor more straiter laws made, then for ingratitude: and in my judgement nothing can more grieve an honest mind (especially where good is deserved) then to be recompensed with evil. I do not think that this book can pass clean away with the good liking of every one, but that it will drink of the same envious cup, that other famous works heretofore have done. I could rehearse a number that have complained thereof, whose eternal fame shall never be extinguished. The Author of this treatise, his good and zealous intent, and sufficiency in his profession, I know to be such, as deserveth well. His willing and godly mind to do his country good, (not only this book) but also many people both rich and poor that have already received help at his hands, can and will testify the same. This which he hath written is no new invention, but the ground thereof allowed, both of ancient and later writers: and beside he hath considered that in every place a good Physician is not to be gotten at all times, so that the party infected may be dead before any such help can be had, (yea) and the most part of the best of them will not hazard themselves in so dangerous an enterprise: he considering the same, hath here taught the most easy and approved medicines, with the whole order of the cure, not only for such as are infected, but also have to preserve them that are sound. What doth he deserve that thus hath done, let the better sort judge: for the rest, I think if either they have the fear of God, any spark of honesty, or judgement in any thing, they will for shame hold their peace, lest their ignorance and hatred bewray their folly, and so deserve the same punishment which the wisest sort have already set down, which I hope none will so wilfully hazard to incur. Now, considering his zealous intent, it is the part of every good mind, to encourage him in so godly, and good an enterprise, whereby others may be animated to do the like: and therefore considering the goodness of the matter, and necessity of the cause, the whole common wealth is to embrace him, who looks but only for a thankful acceptance in lieu of his travel, which is the least may be yielded him. Farewell. From my chamber at the Court this 6. of April. 1593. G. Baker. The Author to the Reader. FOr that there are divers Receats in this book which are written in Latin, because in some of them many things which enter therein can not be brought into an apt english phrase, neither are they to be had, but only at the Apottycaries, and because their quantities are written according to the Latin order, I have here set down what the signification of every weight and measure doth mean. A handful is written thus M.j. Half a handful thus M. ss. A little handful thus P.j. A Scruple thus ℈ i A Dram thus ʒ. j. An ounce thus ℥ i Half an ounce, or half a dram thus ℥. ss.— ʒ. ss. An ounce and half, thus ℥. j.ss. A Grain thus G.j. The number of any thing, thus no. j etc. A Pound, is thus l.j. So much as shall suffice, thus q. 5. (Ana) is of either of them. xx. Grains make a Scruple. iij. Scruples, make a Dram. viii. drams, make an ounce. xii. Ounces, make a pound. To the Reader. ANd for such faults as by the Printer are omitted, let me crave this favour at thy hands, that before thou enter to read this Book, to bestow a little pains with thy pen to correct them, so shalt thou make the true meaning and sense of the matter the more plain unto thee, and such faults as by a scarborrowd over-reading I have found, as also the correcting of the same, I have here following specified. Farewell, from my house at Kingsmill in Devon the 8. of April 1593. Thine in all friendly love, S. K. Faults escaped in Printing. Fol. line. fault. Cor. 4. 38. forsyrrop the syrup 30. 7. venomous matter the venomous matter 39 64. pocks were found pocks are found A defensative against the plague: The first treatise. Cap. 1. What the plague is. THe ancient physicians in times past have greatly doubted what the essential cause of this disease, which we commonly call the plague, or pestilence should be: yet all do agree that it is a pernicious and contagious fever, and reckoned to be one of the number of those which are called Epidemia, chiefly proceéding of adusted and melancholic blood, which may be easily perceived by the extreme heat and inflammation which inwardly they do feel that are infected therewith, first assalting the heart, and astonishing the vital spirits, as also by the exterior Carbunkles and botches which it produceth: whose malignity is such, both in young and old, rich and poor, noble and ignoble, that using all the means which by art can, or may be devised, yet in some it will in no sort give place, until it hath by death conquered the party infected therewith. Cap. 2. cause of the plague. THere are divers causes whereof this disease may proceed, as sundry writers do allege, as by over great and unnatural heat and drieth, by great rain and inundatyons of waters, or by great store or rotten and stinking bodies, both of men and beasts, lying upon the face of the earth unburied, as in the time of wars hath been seen, which doth so corrupt the air, as that thereby our Corn, Fruits, Herbs, and waters which we daily use for our food and sustenance, are infected: also it may come by some stinking doonghils, filthy and standing pools of water, and unsavoury smells which are near the places where we dwell, or by thrusting a great company of people into a close narrow, or strait room, as most commonly we see in ships, common gales, and in narrow and close lanes and streets, where many people do dwell together, and the places not orderly kept clean and sweet. But most commonly in this our time it is dispersed amongst us, by accompanying ourselves with such as either have, or lately have had the disease themselves; or at least have been conversant with such as have been infected therewith. But for the most part it doth come by receiving into our custody some clothes, or such like things that have been used about some infected body, wherein the infection may lie hidden a long time: as hath been too too often experimented with repentance too late in many places. It may also come by dogs, cats, pigs, and weasells which are prone and apt to receive and carry the infection from place to place. But howsoever it doth come, let us assure ourselves that it is a just punishment of God laid upon us, for our manifold sins and transgressions against his divine Majesty: for as Seneca saith, quicquid patimur ab alto venit, what crosses or afflictions soever we suffer it cometh from the Lord, either for a trial of our faith, or a punishment for our sins. Wherefore; to distinguish any farther thereof, I think it needless: for my intent is in brief sort so exactly as I can; to show the means how to prevent the same, as also how to cure it when we are infected. But before I enter to entreat thereof, I think it not a miss to show what forewarnings and tokens are given us before hand of the coming thereof, thereby the better to prevent the same by prayer and repentance. Cap. 3. Warnings of the plague to come. AVicen a noble Physician saith, that when we see the natural course of the air, and seasons of the year to be altered, as when the springe time is cold cloudy, and dry, the harvest time stormy and tempestuous, the mornings and evenings, to be very cold, and at noon extreme hot, these do foreshow the plague to come. Also, Fiery impressions. when we see fiery impressions in the firmament, specially in the end of summer, as comets and such like, and that in the beginning of harvest we see great store of little frogs, Frogs and Toads. red toads and mice on the earth abounding extraordinarily: or when in summer we see great store of toads creeping on the earth having long tails, of an asheye colour on their backs, and their bellies spotted and of divers colours, and when we see great store of gnats to swim on the waters, gnats. or flying in great companies together, or when our trees and Herbs do abound with caterpillars, spiders, Trees and Herbs. moths and such like, which devour the leaves on the trees, and herbs on the earth, it showeth the air to be corrupt, and the plague shortly after to follow. Also, Beasts. by the beasts of the field, we may perceive it, (especially sheep) which will go mourning with their heads hanging down toward the ground, and divers of them dying without any manifest cause known unto us. Children. Also when we see young Children flock themselves together in companies, and then will feign some one of their company to be dead amongst them and so will solemnize the burial in a mournful sort, this is a token which hath been well observed in our age, to foreshow great mortality at hand. Rivers. Also, when we see rivers of water to overflow without any manifest cause, or suddenly vanish away and become dry; and when clear wellspringes do suddenly become foul and troubled. Also, when the small Pox doth generally abound, pox. both in young and old people, all these do foreshow the plague to come. Cap 4. showeth how to prevent the plague. THere are three principal means, how to prevent this contagious disease: the first and chiefest is to acknowledge our manifold sins and wickedness unto almighty God our heavenly father, with a hearty repentance and amendment of our former sins committed against his divine majesty. The second means is to fly far off from the place infected, and as Rondoletius saith, not over hastily to return there again, for fear of an afterclap: which saying is confirmed by Valetius, in these words, non enim morietur in bello, qui non est in illo: and the farther from it, the safer shall we be, yet were it a very uncharitable course, that all which are of abillytie should so do: for then how should the poor be relieved, and good orders observed: but for children it were best to send them far off from the place, because their bodies are most apt to receive the infection, as also for that they cannot so continually use antidotes and preservatives, which by their great heat may endanger them almost so much as the disease itself. The third means consisteth chief in three points, which are these: Order, Diet, and Physical helps. For the first you must have a care that your houses be kept clean and sweet, not suffering any foul & filthy clothes or stinking things to remain in, nor about the same: and in summer season to deck your windows, and straw your floors with sweet and wholesome herbs, flowers and leaves as Mints, Balm, Pennyriall, Lavender, Time, marjoram, red Roses, Carnations, Gellefloures and such like, for your windows, your floors to be strawed with green Rushes, and Mynts, Oaken and willow leaves, vine leaves and such like: your windows which stand toward the North and east, do you always keep open in the day time, (if the air be clear and that no infected and unsavoury smell be near the same) as fogs, doonghils, and such like, and every morning before you open either your doors or windows, as also in the evening when you go to bed, cause a good fire to be made in your chamber, and burn some Odoriferous or sweet perfume in the midst thereof, as hereafter I will show you, or in stead thereof, some juniper, Herbs good for a perfume. Frankincense, Bay leaves, Rosmary, Lavender, Marjoram, or such like, which you must always have dried in a reddynes, and so in the fume or smoke thereof, to breath and perfume the clothes which you are to wear. A good perfume in summer season. ℞ Rose water and vinegar, of either six spoonfuls. Rinds of sour Citrons & lemons Bay leaves of either: the weight of two pence which is j ℈. Camphire the weight of iij. pence which is half. ʒ. The herbs and rinds must be dried, and put altogether in a perfuming pan, or in steed thereof a pewter dish set on a chaffer of coals, will serve the turn. another good perfume in winter. ℞ Red roses Marjoram & Myrtles of either a little handful. Callamint juneper berries of either one ʒ. which is the weight of seven. pence. Laudanum of either one ʒ. which is the weight of seven. pence. Benjamin of either one ʒ. which is the weight of seven. pence. Frankincense of either one ʒ. which is the weight of seven. pence. of either one ʒ. which is the weight of seven. pence. The herbs, berries, and roses, being dried, must be made in gross powder, as also the gums, and so mixed together, and when yeé list, cast some part thereof on a chaffer of coals, and receive the fume thereof. Cap. 5. NOw having received the fume as aforesaid, before you go forth of your chamber, eat some Cordial electuary or preservative, as hereafter you shall find choice, which I have always used with good and happy success, after taking of the Cordial, wash your face and hands with clean water, wherein you must put a little vinegar, and then if you list, you may break your fast with some good bread and butter, and in winter season a poycht Egg is good eaten with some vinegar: and for plethoric and melancholic bodies, it were good to drink a draft of wormwood wine, Wormwood wine commended. in the morning fasting, because it resisteth putrefaction in the plethoric, and purgeth bilous matter in the melancholic. An excellent good preservative; which I have always used with good success. ℞ Conserve of Roses and borage flowers of either two ounces. Minardus, Mitridat, Andromachus treacle of either half an ounce. Dioscordium, two drams. Dialkermes, one dram. Powder of the seed of Citrons peeled one dram. Syrup of lemons and sour Citrons of either half an ounce. Compound all these together, in the form of an opiate you may eat hereof every morning, the quantity of three beans, and drink a draft of Rhenish wine, beére or ale, after it: but for Children and such as are of tender years, so much as a bean thereof is sufficient, and give them only beére or ale after it: the taking hereof every second or third day will suffice, if you go not into any suspected company. another excellent good preservative. ℞ Kernels of walenuts and figs, of either four ounces. Leaves of rue one ounce and half. Tormentill roots iiij. drams. rind of sour Citrons one dram. Right Bolarmoniake vj. drams. Fine Mirre ij. scruples. Saffron one scruple. Salt half a dram. Syrup of Citrons and Lemons, iiij. ounces. The herbs, roots, and rinds must be dried, the nuts must be blanched, and the bolarmonyake must be made in fine powder, and then washed in the water of scabios, and dried again, you must pound the figs and walenuts in a stone mortar severally by themselves very small, all the rest must be made in fine powder, and so mix them altogether in the mortar, and then add thereto Syrup by little and little, and so incorporate them all together: you may give this in the same quantity, and in like sort as the other before. An other very good ℞ Of the confection a foresaid made with Nuts, iiij. ounces. Minardus mitridat, iiij. drams. Andromachus treacle, ij. drams. Fine terrae Sigillatae, iiij. scruples. Syrup of Lemons, one ounce. Compound all these together in the mortar, as the other before, you may give hereof the weight of a groat or vipence, every second or third day, & drink a draft of Rhenish or White wine after it in winter season, but in the heat of the year, Sorrel water is best, and in the spring Scabios or Cardus benedictus water. Also, so much treacle of Andromachus description eaten every morning as a bean, with a little conserve of Roses, is a very excellent good preservative. Valetius, doth greatly commend the taking of three or four grains of the Bezoar stone every morning, in a spoonful of Scabios water. I cannot here sufficiently commend the electuary called Dioscordium, which is not only good to resist the infection but doth also expel the venomous matter of those which are infected, being taken every morning and evening, the quantity of a bean, and drink a draft of Rhenish or White wine after it, in winter season, but in summer a draft of beére or ale is best. In strong and rustical bodies, Garlic good in rustical bodies. and such as are daily labourers, Garlic only eaten in the morning with some Butter and Salt at breakfast, drinking a cup of beére or ale after it, hath been found to be very good: which is greatly commended by Galen, who calleth it the poor man's treacle: but in the sanguine, dainty, and idle bodies, it may not be used because it over heateth the blood, causeth headache, and universally inflameth the whole body. Cap. 6. NOw when you have taken any of the foresaid preservatives, it were good and necessary to wear upon the region of the heart, some sweet bag or quilt that hath power to resist venem, and also to carry in your hand some sweet Pomander, Nodule, or Nosegay, that will comfort the heart, resist venem, and recreate the vital spirits, as here following is specified and set down. An excellent quilt or bag. ℞ Arsenike cristaline, one ounce. Diamargaritum frigidum, ij. scruples. Diambrae, one scruple. You must grind the Arsenike in small powder, and then with some of the infusion of Gum Draggagant in Rose water, you must make a paste, then spread it on a cloth which must be six inches long, and five inches broad, and spread it thick: then cover it with an other cloth and so quilt it together, which being done, fasten it in an other bag of Crimson taffeta or Sarsnet, and so wear it against the heart all the day time, but at night leave it off: and here you must take heéd, that when you sweat, you do take it away, for otherwise it will cause the skin to amper a little. There are some writers which do utterly forbid the wearing of Arsenike: but thus much I can say; that I have given this bag unto divers to wear, with most happy and good success, for never did I yet know any one that hath worn this bag, and used any of the electuaries aforesaid, that hath been infected with the plague, but for any inconvenience or accident that hath happened thereby, I never found any hitherto, other than the ampring of the skin as aforesaid. another bag. ℞ Ir●ios, half an ounce. Calamus aromat Ciperus, of either one dram and half. Storax, Calam, root of Angelica of either three drams. Cloves, Mace, of either one dram. Red roses dried, iij. drams. Pellemountaine, Peniriall, Callamint, Elder flowers, of either one dram and half. Nutmegs, Cinnamon, Yellow sanders, of either one dram. Nardi Italicae, one dram. Amber grease, and musk, of either six grains. You must pound all these in powder and then quilt them in a bag of Crimson taffatie as aforesaid. A Pomander good in the summer time. ℞ The rind of Citrons, Red Roses, Nenuphare roses, Yellow sanders, of either half a dram. ℞ Storax liquid, Benjamin, of either one dram. ℞ Myrrh, two scruples. ℞ Laudanum, one dram and half. ℞ Musk and amber, of either six grains. Powder all that is to be powdered, and then work them together in a hot mortar, with a hot pestle, adding unto it in the working some of the Musselage of draggagant dissolved in sweet rose Water, or rose Uinegar, and so make your Pomander. another good one for the winter time. ℞ Storax liquid, Benjamin, Storax calamint, Laudanum, and Myrrh of either half a dram. Cloves, one scruple. Nutmegs, Cinnamon, of either half a scruple. Red roses, Yellow sanders, Lignum aloes and Irrios. of either half a dram. Calamus aromaticus, rind of a Citron. of either four grains. Amber grease, Musk, and sivet, of either six grains. You may make up this, as the other before, with some Musselage of the infusion of Gum draggagant, infused in Rose water. A good Nodule for the summer season. ℞ Flowers of Violets red Roses and Nenuphare. of either one dram. ℞ Red, White, and Yellow sanders of either half a dram. ℞ Camphire, xii. grains, cause all these to be beaten in gross powder, then knit them all together in a piece of Taffeta and when you will use it, than wet it in rose Water and a little Uinegar, and so smell to it. Another Nodule for the winter season. ℞ The dried leaves of Mints, Marjoram, Time, Peniriall, Lavender, Pellemountaine, and Balm, of either a little handful. Nutmegs, Cloves, Cinnamon, Angelica roots, Lignum aloes, of either one dram. Saffron, two scruples. cause all these to be infused in rose Water and Uinegar, one whole night, then wet a sponge in the liquor thereof and knit it in a piece of Taffeta, or your handcarchiefe, whereunto you must smell often times. A Nosgaie for the same purpose. ℞ Herb grace, three branches. Rosemary, Marjoram, Mints, and Time, of either one branch. Red rose buds and Carnations, of either three or four. Make your Nosegay herewith, then sprinkle him over with rose Water, and some rose Uinegar, and smell often unto it. Also, when you suspect to go into any dangerous or infected company do you always carry in your mouth a piece of the root of Angelica, the rind of a Citron dried, or a great Clove, which must be first infused or steeped one whole night in rose Water and Uinegar. Cap. 7. FOr that there is not a greater enemy to the health of our bodies then costiunes, both in the time of the plague and otherwise, I have here set down how and by what means you may keep yourself solyble, which you must use once in four and twenty hours, if otherwise you have not the bennefit of nature by custom. A suppository. Take two sponefuls of Honey and one spoonful of Bay salt, small pounded, boil them together until it grow thick, always stirring it in the boiling, then take it from the fire, & if you list you may add one dram of (Ihera picra simplex) unto it: and so stir them well together, and when it is almost cold, make up your suppositories, of what length and bigness you list: and when you minister any you must first anoint it with butter or Salad oil: you may keep these a whole year if you put them in Barrowes morte or grease, and so cover them up close therein. A good Glister. ℞ Mallows, Mercury, Beets, Violets, Red Fennell, of either one handful. Seeds of fennel, Annis, Coriander, of either one dram. Boil all these in a sufficient quantity of Water, until half the water be consumed, then strain it, and keep it in a glass close stopped, until you need, for it will keep a whole weéke. Take of the same decoction, a pint. Mel rosarum, or common Honey, one spoonful. Oil of Violets or oil of Olives, three ounces, Salt, one dram, The yolk of an Egg or two. Mix all these together in a mortar and so give it warm in the morning, or two hours before supper: and if yeé add unto this one ounce of Diacatholicon it will be the better. Raisins laxative how to make them. ℞ White wine, three pints and half. ℞ Senuae, half a pound. ℞ Fine white sugar one pound. ℞ currants, two pounds. You must infuse the Senue in the wine, in a pot close stopped, and let it stand in a warm place, four and twenty hours, then strain it, and add to the straining the Currants being clean picked and washed, and lastly the Sugar, boil all together on an easy fire, until the wine be consumed, having care that you do always stir it about in the boiling for fear of burning, then take them from the fire, and put them up into a clean galley pot, you may eat one spoonful or two of them a little before dinner, at any time. A good Ointment to keep on Sollible. The gall of an Ox, Oil of violets, of either one ounce. sheeps tallow, six drams. Boil them together on a soft fire until they be incorporated, then take it from the fire, and add there to. Aloes cicatrine, one ounce. Bay salt, half an ounce. The Aloes and Salt must be both made in fine powder, before you put them into the Oil, then stir them together until it be cold, and when you are disposed to have a stool, then anoint your fundment therewith, both within side and without, and if you anoint your navel therewith, it will work the better. Good pills to keep one Sollible and do also resist the pestilence. ℞ Aloes, Cicatrine, one ounce. Chosen Myrrh, three drams. Saffron, one dram and half. Amber grease, six grains. Syrup of lemons or Citrons, so much as shallbe sufficient, to make the mass. You must grind the Aloes, Myrrh, and Saffron into small powder, severally by themselves, then incorporate them altogether, with the syrup: you may give half a dram or two scrupls thereof, in the evening half an hour before supper twice or thrice in a weéke: Races, would have you to take half a dram or two scruples of these pills every day, without using any other preservative at all, and he hath great reason so to esteem of them, for Galen, Avicen, and all ancient writers in Physic, do hold opinion that Aloes doth not only comfort but purge the stomach from all raw and choleric humours, and doth also purge and open the veins called Miserayice, and resisteth putrefaction: Myrrh doth altogether resist, neither will it suffer putrefaction in the stomach: Saffron, doth comfort the heart, and hath also a propriety in it to carry any medicine that is given there with unto the heart, but to conclude, these Pills will purge all superfluous humours in the stomach, and principal members: and preserveth the blood from corruption. Cap. 8. I Must here give you to understand that the infection doth often times lie hidden with in us, with out any manifest sign or knowledge thereof at the first, and therefore were it good for sanguine bodies and such as do abound with blood, in the summer season to draw six or eight ounces of blood out of the basillica vain in the right arm, which is a good means to prevent a further danger, (as Avicen witnesseth) but for full and plethoric bodies, it were best to purge themselves once in seven or eight days with some easy and gentle purgation, as hereafter I will show you: but for lean and spare bodies; once in fourteen days willbe enough at most: for wisely saith Rondoletius, that it is not only the vennemous and contagious air which we receive that doth kill us, but it is the present communicating of that contagion, with some superfluous humours in our bodies, as in his treatise De pest appeareth: therefore now will I show you how to purge the body. Pills good to purge. ℞ Aloes Cicatrine, ten drams. Aggaricke, of the whitest, four drams. Myrrh, Mastic, of either two drams. Saffron, two scruples. Make these in fine powder, Phlegm. then compound them together in a mortar, with so much Oximell simplex, syrup of Lemons, or of Sticados, as shallbe sufficient, you may give one dram, or a dram and half of these Pills, half an hour before supper: but for a choleric body, Choler. you must leave out two drams of the Aggaricke in making of the receipt, and in place thereof add two drams of Rhubarb, and for the melancholic, Mellancholye. two drams of Epithimum and give the same quantity in weight. A good purging potion. ℞ Raisins, the stones picked out and washed, of either one ounce. Polipode of the oak: Elecampane root dried roots of wild small sorrel Succory roots cleansed. of either half an ounce. Leaves of borage, Buglos, Burnet, Scabios, Morsus diaboli, Flowers of borage, Buglos, Rosemary, Violets, Broome, of either a little handful. Seeds of fennel, sour Citrons. of either two scruples, Shaving of a heart's horn, half a dram. Boil all these in a sufficient quantity of fair water until half be consumed, then strain it. Take of the decoction aforesaid, three ounces. Rhubarb, two drams and half, Cinnamon, half a dram, Slice them both, and put them with the liquor in a close cup, and so let it stand to infuse in a warm place, twelve hours, then strain it out strongly, & add thereto one ounce of the Syrup of maiden hear, and so drink it warm, in the morning about six of the clock, and refrain from meat, drink and sleep two hours after it, this is good in lean and spare bodies: you may, for a phlegmatic body add in the infusion one dram of Aggaricke Trosciskated. A purging powder for such as cannot take Pills. ℞ Aloes cicatrine, one ounce, ℞ Myrrh, Cinnamon, of either two drams. ℞ Saffron, one scruple. Make them all in fine powder, and give one dram, in a draft of white wine. Flowers stopped, how to provoke them. For that weemen which have not their natural course on them, are most prove to receive and take the infection, I have here set down good Pills, which I have always found excellent, not only for that purpose, but will also resist the danger of infection. ℞ Aloes cicatrine, one ounce. Roots of Gentian Aristolochia rotunda Dittander, Saffron, , of either half a dram. Roots of garden madther, Mitridat, of either one dram. Cause them all to be ground in small powder, then mix it with the Mitridate and some syrup of Artemesia, or mugwort, give one dram of these pills every morning twelve days together, or until her terms break. Issues commended against the plague. IN plethoric and full bodies, I have found nothing more safer in the time of the plague, then to make them an artificial issue, either in the leg or arm: for never hitherto have I known any one which hath had an Issue, or Ulcer running on him, that hath been infected with the plague. Palmarius, and Forestus; do both affirm it to be true and certain, but here some ignorant people do hold opinion, that having once an Issue, he must be constrained to keep it always, which 〈◊〉 most erroneous for then those which have had Ulcers running upon them, some six, ten, yea sixetene years, may not be cured without some Issue to be made in some other place, but therein they deceive than selves, for myself by good proof have often found the contrary in divers people which I have cured, some six, some ten, yea sixteen years past, and yet to this day do remain in perfect good health without any Issues. Cap 9 What diet we ought to keep. FOr our diet as Hipocrates teacheth us, we must have a care not to exceeded in eating and drinking, but to keep a mean therein, and in any case to beware of surfeiting and drunkenness, which are enemies both to the body and soul, but as we may not exceeded in eating and drinking, so to endure great hunger and thirst is most dangerous, our meat ought to be of a facile and easy digestion: partly tending to a drying quality: as Cocks, Capons, Hens, Pullet's, Partridge, pheasants, quails, Pigeons, Rabbits, kid, Veal, Mutton, Birds of the mountains, and such like, but Beéfe, Pork, Uenison, Hare, and goats flesh is to be refused, and so are all water fowls as Duck, Swan, Goose, Widgen, Teal, and such like, because they are hard to digest, and do increase ill blood and naghtie juice in the body: Lambs flesh, because of his exceéding moisture, fish. is also to be refused, Eggs in the summer not good, but in winter tolerable: all fishes which are of a hard flesh, whether they be of the sea or fresh rivers, are to be allowed. In fresh rivers the Perch, Barble, Gudgin Loche, cool, Troute, and Pike, are good, and for sea fish, the Gilthed, Turbet, Sole, Rochet, Gurnard, Lapster, Crabbe, Prawns, Shrimpes, Whiteing, and such like eaten with vinegar. There are some authors which hold opinion that fish is more better to be eaten then flesh in the great fervent heat of the year, because they do make a more cold blood in the body than flesh: another reason is because they do live under the water, they are not infected with any contagion of the air, as beasts and birds may be, and therefore more wholesome, but in my judgement flesh is more wholesome, because it doth breéde a more pure and fine juice in the body, than any fish whatsoever: your bread ought to be made of pure wheat, not too new, nor too old, but of one days baking, or two at most is best, rye bread is to be eschewed, because of his great moisture: your drink is best, beére, or ale, not too strong or new, but the staller and clearer it is, the better: at your meals a draft or two of Claret wine is tolerable, but in hot weather it were good to delay it with a little water, for wine doth warm the stomach, help digestion, and comfort the heart For your pottage you may take in the summer. parsley, Lettuce, Sorrell, Endive, Succory. Sperage, Hop-buds, Burnet, borage, Buglos, Time, Mints, Hyssop, But in winter. Balm, Bittaine, Time, Marigolde, Isoppe, Marjoram, Mynts and rue are good, For your salads, take Pimpernell, Purslane, Mints, Sorrell, Horehound, Young coal, Hop-buds, Sperage, Time, Tops of fennel Tarregon, Lettuce, And watercresses are good. Capers. Capers are greatly commended being preserved in Uinegar, and eaten with a little Oil and Uinegar, and so are Olives very good also. For your sauce, the juice of a Lemon Citron or Orange is best, Sauce. the juice of Sorrell and Vinegar is also good. All raw fruits are to be refused, except those which tend to a sour taste, Fruits. as Pomgarnards', damask Prunes Pippins, red and sour Cherries, and Walenuts, Quinches and Pears, preserved are very good eaten after meals. Pulse. All kind of pulse is to be refused, as Beans, Pease, and such like, because they increase wind and make raw humours and ill juice in the body. Refrain from Garlic, Onions, Leékes, Pepper, Mustered, and Rocket, because they do over heat the body, make adustion of the blood, and cause fumes to ascend into the head. Cheése is not good because it doth engender gross & thick humours. Milk and Cheese. Milk is also to be refused because it doth quickly corrupt in the stomach. Cap. 10. showeth what exercise and order is to be kept. YOu must beware of all vehement and immoderate exercise, which doth provoke sweat, as is tennis, dancing, leaping, running, football, hurling, and such like: because they do overmuch heat the body, and open the pores of respiration, whereby the enfected air hath the more scope to enter our bodies, but moderate exercise is very convenient, Hot houses the use of hot houses at this time, I think very dangerous because it doth too much open the pores. Walk not into the open air in the morning, before the son hath had some power to cleanse and clear the same, and in any case go not abroad when great fogs and mists are upon the earth for it is dangerous: but if urgent occasions move you: Walking. then before you go forth of your doors be sure to eat some preservative first, & then take some good and Odoriferous pomander, Nodule, or nosegay in your hand, as before is showed you. The extreme heat of the day is likewise to be refused to walk in, because it chafeth the blood: as also in the evening after the sun is set, for then unsavoury and unwholesome Fogs arise out of the earth: and in any case if you can avoid it come not near any place infected, but use to walk in the open air and dry ground. Use Venus combats moderately, but none at all were better the best time to use them is three or four hours after supper, before you sleep, and then rest upon them. Beware of anger, fear, and pensiveness of the mind, for by their means the body is made more apt to receive the infection. Use pleasant and merry recreations, either with music, pleasant company to talk with all, or reading some good books. Beware of sleéping at noon, but specially in the winter season, but in summer, to take after dinner a nap of half an hour, or an hour is tolerable in elderly bodies. Watch not long in the evenings but two or three hours after supper is a good time to take your rest. Cap. 11. Teacheth what orders magistrates and rulers of Cities and towns should cause to be observed. FIrst, to command that no stinking doongh●●s be suffered near the City. Every evening and morning in hot weather to cause cold water to be cast in the streets, especially where the infection is, and every day to cause the streets to be kept clean and sweet, and cleansed from all filthy things which lie in the same. And whereas the infection is entered, there to cause fires to be made in the streets every morning and evening, and if some frankincense, pitch, or some other sweet thing be burnt therein, it willbe much the better. Suffer not any dogs, cats, or pigs, to run about the streets, for they are very dangerous, and apt to carry the infection from place to place. Command that the excrements and filthy things which are voided from the infected places, be not cast into the streets or rivers which are daily in use to make drink, or dress meat, That no chirurgeons, or barbers, which use to let blood, do cast the same into the streets or rivers. That no vaults or previes, be then empted, for it is a most dangerous thing. That all Inholders, do every day make clean their stables, and cause the dung and filth therein to be carried away out of the City: for by suffering it in their houses as some do use to do, a whole week or fortnight, it doth so putrefy, that when it is removed, there is such a stinking savour and unwholesome smell, as is able to infect the whole street where it is, To command that no hemp or flare be kept in water near the City or town, for that will cause a very dangerous and infectious savour. To have a special care that good and wholesome victuals and Corn, be sold in the markets, and so to provide that no want thereof be in the City, and for such as have not wherewithal to buy necessary food, that there to extend their charitable and godly devotion: for there is nothing that will more increase the plague, then want & scarcity of necessary food. To command that all those which do visit and attend the sick, as also all those which have the sickness on them, and do walk abroad: that they do carry some thing in their hands, thereby to be known from other people. And here I must advertise you of one thing more which I had almost forgotten (which is) that when the infection is but in few places, there to keep all the people in their houses, not suffering any one of them to go abroad, and so to provide, that all such necessaries as they shall need may be brought unto them during the time of their visitation: A good caveat. and when it is staid, then to cause all the clothes, bedding, and other such things as were used about the sick, to be all burnt, although at the charge of the rest of the inhabitants, you buy them all new, for fear lest the danger which may ensue thereby, do put you to a far greater charge and grief: all these foresaid things are most dangerous, and may cause a general infection, to the destroying of a whole City, and therefore do wish that great care be had thereof. Cap. 12. Doth show what you must do when you go to visit the sick. FIrst before you enter into the house, command that a great fire be made in the chamber where the sick lieth, and that some Odoriferous perfume be burnt in the midst of the chamber, and before you go to him, eat some Cordial preservative, and smother your clothes with some sweet perfume, then wet your temples, ears, nose, and mouth, with Rose water & vinegar, mixed together, then take in your mouth a piece of the root of Angelica, the rind of a sour Citron, or a Clove, prepared as before is showed, and have some nosegay, Nodule, or Pomander, appropriate, in your hand, which you must always smell unto, so may you the more boldlier perform your intent: but herewithal you must have a special care, that during the time you are with the sick, you stand not betwixt the sick body and the fire, for that is dangerous, because that the fire of his nature draweth all vapours unto itself, A good caveat for chirurgeons and Barber. but keep you always on the contrary side, so as the sick may be betwixt you and the fire and for such as are to let any sick infected body to bleéde, it were good they did cause the keeper of the sick body, to lay open that arm or leg which is to be let blood before he approach near? the reason is, for that most commonly all that are sick in this contagious disease, are for the most part in a sweat, and therefore suddenly to receive the breath thereof would be very dangerous. Now when you have been with any one so infected. Before you go into the company of any whole and sound people, What we must do when we have been with the sick. it were necessary you do stand by a good fire having all the clothes about you which you did wear when you were with the sick, and then turn and air yourself well thereby, so shall you be sure the less to endanger others by your company. Thus have I as briefly as I can devise set down all the ordinary means which myself have used, and by others known to be used, for preserving you from this contagious and dangerous disease, which in the most part of people will suffice, but for such as dwell whereas they may have the counsel of a learned Physician, I do wish them to take his advise, specially for purging and letting blood, because none can so exactly set down in writing the perfect course thereof (which may be understood rightly of the common sort) so well as he which hath the sight of the body: for that many bodies are often times troubled with some one humour abounding more than another, which here to treat of would be too tedious, neither can it profit the common people, for whose sakes I have taken this pains: and now will I show the signs to know when one is infected therewith, as also which are the laudable signs and which are the contrary, and lastly the means (by God his assistance) how for to cure the same. Cap. 13. showeth the signs of infection. THe signs and tokens hereof are divers, as first it is perceived by the sudden weakness, losing, & overthrowing of our natural strength without any manifest cause thereof going before and sometimes it doth begin with a gnawing and biting in the mouth of the stomach, the pulse will grow weak, feeble, and unequal, with a great straightness and heaviness about the heart, as if some heavy burden or weight were laid thereon, with shortness of breathing, vomiting, or at least a great desire to vomit, great pain in the head: insatiable thirst, proceéding of their great interior heat: sluggishness, and universal faintness of all the body, with a great desire to sleep, and an astonishment of the mind and vital spirits: and for the most part, they complain of a great pain which is felt in some one place or places of their bodies, where the botch or blain is by nature intended to be thrust forth, yet some at the first have them appearing: and for the most part, they are taken at the first with a sharp and rigorous fever. Good signs. When the botch or carbunkle cometh out in the beginning of the sickness, with a red colour, and yellowish round about it, and that it doth quickly come to maturation, the fever to cease, and the party findeth himself eased of his grief, and quickened in his spirits, these are good and laudable signs of recover. Evil signs. When the botch at the first cometh out blackish, or black in colour, also when the botch is opened, the flesh within doth look blue, and that then there appear not any matter or quitture in the 〈◊〉, but as it were a spume or froth issuing out thereof, are ill and deadly signs. When the botch waxeth so hard that by no means it will come to suppuration, but resisteth whatsoever is done unto it for the farthering thereof, and so returneth in again into the inward parts suddenly, is a token of sudden death at hand, and so is it if either before or after it is broken it look of a bluish colour, or of divers colours like the rainbow round about it. Carbunckle. When the carbunckle or blain doth suddenly dry up, as if it were scorched with the fire, and that the place round about it doth show to be of a wannish blue colour, is a deadly sign, if in the skin appear greéne or black spots, the excrements of divers colours with worms in it, either dead or living, having a vile stinking savour, and spiteth stinking and bloody matter, doth betoken death. When the sick complains of great and extreme heat in the inward parts, and yet cold outwardly, the eyes staring or weéping, the face terrible, the said excrements, or urine passing away and the party not knowing thereof, are evil signs. When in the fourth or seventh day, they are taken with a frenzy or do fall into an extreme bleéding at the nose, or have a great flyre, with a continual vomiting, or a desire to vomit and do it not, extreme pain at the heart, watchfulness, and the strength clean gone, are deadly signs. When the party being very sick, Infallible signs of death yet saith he feéleth himself well, his eyes sunk deep into his head, and full of tears, when he seems all things doth stink, his nails looking blew the nose sharp, & growing as it were crooked the breath thick and short, with a cold sweat in the breast and face, and turning and playing with the clothes, the pulse creéping or scarcely to be felt, and grievous unto him to speak, these are infallible signs of death at hand. Some before any of these signs are perceived do die, The uncertinty of the plague. and some likewise which have divers of them appearing, and yet do escape, such is the uncertainty of this disease: there are many other symptoms which do happen in this contagious disease, which would be too tedious to declare them all, but these as the chiefest have I made choice of, which may suffice you. The end of the first Treatise. THE SECOND TREAtise showing the means how to Cure the plague. Cap. 1. WHen we perceive any to be infected with this contagious disease, we must with all possible speed seek all the means we can how to prevent the malignity thereof, whose property is at the first, to assault the principal part which is the heart, and therefore requires present help: Seek for help in time. for unless some thing be done within eight, or four and twenty hours, little will it then prevail to attempt it, for by that time nature is either subdued and clean overthrown, or else hath thrust the same to the exterior parts, or otherwise digested it: yet may we not neglect at any time to use all the means we can in helping and farthering of nature to the uttermost of our endeavour, because we do often times see nature so wearied and weakened in expelling of this venomous matter, that unless some help be added to assist and comfort her, the party for lack thereof dieth, which otherwise might be saved, for I have often times seen by diligent helping of nature, that to be effected and brought to good pass which I have judged most desperate. There are four intentions required for the curing thereof: that is by blood letting, Cordials, sweat and purging: but the manner how to excecute the same great contention hath been both amongst the old and later writers, 4. Intentions to cure the plague. which here to treat of were too tedious, for unto the learned it were needless, and for the commonalty, little would it prevail them, therefore in breéfe sort will I show you, what I have observed touching the cure. First if it be in a plethoric, sanguine, Who is to be let blood. and strong body and hath pain in the head, great heat at the heart, thirsty, the pulse strong and labouring or beating strongly, and hath great and large veins appearing: these aught presently to be let blood, in that side where yeé perceive the grief doth proffer itself to come forth and not visibly appearing, tending to maturation. For than we may not draw blood but use all other means we can devise in helping nature to expel it, neither may you draw blood, Where a flux is▪ draw not blood. if the party have a flux or lask (which is an evil sign) in the beginning of the disease, for by that means you shall hinder nature greatly, but only give the party Cordials; neither may you stop the flux, in the beginning, but if it be extreme and that it stay not the second day, then must you give some purgation which may leave an asstringencie behind it, as hereafter in the cure of the flux shallbe showed. For as Hypocrates in his first book, and one and twenty aphorism doth admonish us, we must consider and mark how nature doth incline herself, for that will teach us what we are to do. Now if you perceive the botch or carbunkle to appear underneath the chin about the throat, Botch in the throat to cure it. then presently draw blood in both veins under the tongue, and immediately after that apply a cupping glass with scarification in one side of the neck next unto the sore, Chickens how to apply them. thereby to draw it from the throat, for fear least suddenly it choked him up, and then apply Chickens rumps, or Hen's rumps to the botch, the feathers being first plucked away from the rump, and a grain of Salt put into the tewell, and so hold the bare place to the grief until the chicken dry, which willbe within half an hour and then apply another, & so continue in changing them so long as they do dry, and lastly apply a mollificative cataplasm or plaster to the same place: as in the fift chapter following is showed, which is made with Unguentum basillicon, Botch in the neck. and to the botch apply the Epithemation and cataplasm in the seventh chapter following. But if it be in the neck he doth complain, then let him blood in the Cephallica vain in the arm, of the same side where he complaineth Botch in the stomach. If in the greynd or flank he do complain, then let him blood in the foot on the same side, and open the vain called Maleola, or Saphena, the quantity must be according as the age and strength of the party requireth, but at most draw not above six or eight ounces. For Avicen willeth us to preserve blood as the treasure of nature: Weak and spare bodies may not bleed. But in a weak, spare, and cachochimious body, (as Galen teacheth us) we may not draw blood at all, for thereby should you greatly endanger the patience, but help such by cordials and sweat. And here you shall understand that unless Phlebetomy be done at the first, When blood is to be drawn. that is with in six or eight hours at most, it willbe too late to attempt it, neither may you do it, if the sore do appear up in height tending to suppuration, for then should you hinder nature, which like a diligent workman hath discharged and thrust forth that venomous matter which otherwise would have killed us. A good caveat. And here touching Phlebetomy or blood letting, you must have this special care, that you draw not blood on the opposite side, as if it be on the left side the sore appear, then draw not blood on the right side, if it appear in the flank than draw not blood in the arm but in the foot: for otherwise you shall draw that venomous matter from the ignoble unto the noble parts, and so kill the body. And although the party complain not more in the one side then the other, A good observation. yet by the pulse shall you perceive on which side the venem lieth hidden: for on that side where nature is oppressed, there shall you find the pulse more weak feéble, and uneven, greatly differing from the other side. And here you shall understand that in some it hath been seen that nature of itself at the first, Note. hath thrust out that venomous matter in some place of the body, with a botch appearing high and tending to suppuration, or a carbunckle, or spots called purples. Now here, if you draw blood, you do then greatly endanger the body: but in this case you must only give Cordials, and use all the means you can to bring it outward, either by maturation or evaporation, as hereafter shallbe showed you. And here you shall farther understand, that where the age, constitution, nor strength of the party will permit that Phlebetomy be done, yet for the better help of nature you must apply Uentoses, with reasonable deep scarification, unto the next place adjoining, Ventoses when and where to apply them. where the party complaineth thereby the more speédily to draw the venomous matter unto the superficial parts, and there to apply the rumps of Chickens as before is taught you, and so apply to the place some strong maturative and attractive plaster or Cataplasm as hereafter shallbe showed you. If the grief be in the head or throat then apply Uentoses to the neck, if it be in the emunctuaries of the heart, then apply them to the shoulders: if in the emunctuaries of the liver, then apply them, to the buttocks or thighs, now when this is done, either by Phlebetomy or Uentoses, then within an hour or two at the most after it, you must give the sick some good Cordial medicine, which hath power to comfort the heart, resist the venomous matter, and also procure sweat, which here following you may make choice, as you list. An excellent good powder to expel the plague and provoketh sweat. Take. Roots of Gentian, Bittaine, Petasitis, of either one dram. Roots of Tormentil Dittander, of either three drams. Red sanders, half a dram, Fine Pearl, and been of both sorts, of either one scruple. Fine Bolarmoniack prepared. fine Terra sigillata, of either six drams. Rinds of Citrons, Red Correll, Roots of Zedoiar, Shaving of Ebory, bone of a stags heart. of either sixteen grains. Fragments of the 5. precious stones, of either half a scruple. Shaving of a unicorns horn, Succini, of either half a scruple. Leaves of Gold and Silver. of either one and half in number. Make all these in fine powder, every one several by himself, and then mix them all together, and give thereof one dram, or four scruples, more or less as occasion requireth, either in Sorrel, Scabios, or Cardus benedictus water, two or three ounces, Bolarmoniake how for to prepare it. whereunto you must add a little syrup of Lemons, or sour Citrons, & give it warm, the Bolarmoniake must be pounded small, then washed in Scabios water and so dried. another good powder. Take. Leaves of Dittander called dictami cretici, Roots of Tormentil, Bittaine, Pimpernell, Gentian, Zedoair, Terra lemnia, Aloes Cicatrin, Fine Myrrh, Rinds of sour Citrons, of either one dram Mastic, Saffron, of either half a dram. Bolarmoniacke prepared as beforesaid. two drams. All these must be made in fine powder, and so mixed together, you may give two scruples or one dram thereof with any of the foresaid waters. A good Opiate to expel venem and provoke sweat. Take. Conserve of the flowers of borage, Buglos, Violets, Bittaine, of either two ounces. Vennes treacle, two ounces. Red Terra sigillata, Terra lemnia, Mitridat, of either one ounce. Shaving of Eburni, And hearts horn, Orient Pearls, Roots of Tormentill, of either one dram. Shaving of unicorns horn, Root of Angelica, of either half a dram. Syrup, of the juice of small Sorrel and Buglos, of either so much as shall suffice. Mix all these together, in the form of an Opiate, then take of the same Opiate, one dram and half. Scabios water, Balm water, of either two ounces. Dissolve the Opiate in the waters, and drink it warm, then walk a little upon it, and then go to bed and sweat, another excellent good means to expel the venem, and procure. sweat. Take a great white Onion, and pick out the core or middle of him, then fill the hole with good Uennes treacle or Andromachus treacle, and Aqua vite, then stop or cover the hole of the Onion again, and roast him in the hot ashes until he be soft, then strain it strongly, thorough a cloth and give it the sick to drink and the rest that remains pound it small, and apply it to the soar, and sweat upon it. Now when he hath taken any of the foresaid Cordials if he chance to vomit it up again, In vomiting what is to be done. then wash his mouth with Rose water and Uinegar, and then give him more of the same again, which must be proportioned according to the quantity vomited, for if all were vomited, then give so much more: (if less) then according to the quantity vomyted, and if he vomit that also, then give him more, and so continue it to the third or fourth time if cause so require, but if at no time he do retain it, then is there small hope of recover: I have known divers which have vomited their Cordials three or four times, and at last, giving the juice of the Onion as aforesaid hath kept that, and sweat upon it and so cover their sickness. Also Minardus treacle, or Andromachus treacle being taken two scruples with one scruple of Dioscordium, and dissolved in three or two ounces of this water following or Cardus benedictus, Sorrell, and Scabios water, hath been found excellent good and available, both to procure sweat and expel the venomous matter. An excellent good water against the plague, and divers other diseases, which is to be made in May or june. Take. Angelica, Dragons, Scabios, of either three handfuls. Wormwoode, Sage, Sallendine, Mugwort, Rue, Rosemary, Varueyne, Endive, Mints, of either one handful. Tormentill, Pimpernell, Agremonie, Bittayne, of either two handfuls. Sen john's wort Fetherfewe, and Pionie, of either a little handful. You must mix all these herbs together, then bruise them in a stone mortar grossly, than put them into a clean vessel of glaze or earth, and add thereto a pottle of White wine, or three quarts, a pint of Rose water, and a pint of Uinegar: then mix them well together and press down the herbs close together with your hands, then stop the pot close, and so let it stand to infuse two days and two nights than distill it in a stillytorie, this water hath been found excellent good, both to preserve one from the plague being drunk three or four sponefuls of it in the morning fasting, as also to expel the disease, being drunk with any of the Cordials aforesaid. Cap 2. showeth what is to be done after taking of the Cordial. NOw so soon as the party hath taken his Cordial, (if he be able) cause him to walk upon it in his chamber a pretty while, then lay him into his naked bed, being first warmed, if it be in cold weather: and so procure him to sweat, but in any case have a special care to keep him from sleep all that day, because thereby the blood and vital spirits are drawn to the inward parts, and there doth hold in the venomous matter about the heart, but if the sore appear, or be perceived to present itself in any place near the heart: then to defend the malignity thereof, before he sweat it were good to anoint the place betwixt the region of the heart and the sore with treacle, or with this unguent following. A good defensative unguent. Take. treacle, half an ounce. Take. Terra lemnia, Red Sanders, of either one dram. Mix them together with a little Rose water and Uinegar in a mortar, to the form of an unguent and so use it as aforesaid. And unto the sore place apply Chickens rumps, as before hath been told you, and then anoint the place grieved with Oil of lilies: and then Epithemat the heart with any one of these Epithemations following. Epithemation. Take. The powder of Diamargaritunfrigidum one scruple, Triasandalum, six drams▪ Ebeni, two drams. Saffron, half a scruple. Lettuce seed, one dram. Waters of roses, Buglos, and Sorrell, of either six ounces. Vinegar, two ounces. Boil them all together a little. An other Take. The waters of Roses, Balm, Buglos, Cardus benedictus and White wine, of either four ounces. Vinegar of roses two ounces. Powder of red roses, Cinnamon, Triasandalum, Diamargaritum, Frigidum, of either half a dram. Mitridatum, one ounce. treacle, half an ounce. Boil them together a little, and being blood warm, Epithemat the heart therewith, which being done then procure him to sweat, and after sweat, and the body dried then apply this quickly to the heart. A quilt for the heart. Take. The flowers of Nenuphare borage, Buglos, of either a little handful Flowers of Balm, Rosmary, of either three drams. Red sanders, Red Coral, Lignum aloes, Rind of a Citron, Seeds of Basil, Citrons, of either one dram. Leaves of dittander, Berries of juniper, of either one scruple. Bone of a stag's hart, half a scruple. Saffron, four grains. Make all these in gross powder and put them in a bag of Crimson taffatie, or Lincloth, and lay it to the heart, When you must procure sweat. and there let it remain. All these things being done then procure him to sweat, having a good fire in the chamber and windows close shut, and so let him sweat three or four hours, more or less or according as the strength of the sick body can endure, and then dry the body well with warm clothes, taking great care that the sick catch not cold in the doing thereof▪ and then give him some of this Iulep following, and apply the foresaid quilt or bag to the heart. A cordial julep. Take. Waters of Endive, Purslane, and Roses, of either two ounces. Sorrell water, half a pint, juice of Pomgarnards', and for lack thereof Vinegar, four ounces. Camphire, three drams. Sugar, one pound. Boil all these together in the form of a julep▪ and give three or four sponefuls thereof, at a time. another julep. Take. Syrup of Ribs Sorrel, Nenuphare, of either one ounce. juice of lemons, one ounce. Sorrell water, eight ounces. Mix all these together, and take two or three sponefuls thereof often times, which will both comfort the heart and quench thirst. And if in the time of his sweat he be very thirsty, then may you give him to drink a Tysane made with water, Thirst to quench it. clean Barley, and Lycoris scrapped clean and bruised, boil them together, then strain it, and unto a quart of the liquor ad three ounces of syrup of Lemons, and give thereof at any time, small beére or ale is also tolerable, or you may give a spoonful of this julep following at any time. A julep to quench thirst. Take. Sorrell water, four ounces. Take. borage water, Scabios water, Syrup of lemons, and sour Citrons, of either one ounce. Mix all these together and so use it as occasion requireth at any time: Fainting or sounding to help it. and give often times a cake of Manus christi, made with Pearls, for him to eat. But if in the time of his sweat, you see the sick to faint or sown, then apply to his temples, and the region of the heart, this mixture following. Take. Conserve of Roses. borage, Buglos, Broome flowers, of either one ounce. Take. Mitridatum, four ounces. Take. treacle, one ounce. Take. Flowers of violets Pellamountaine, Red roses, of either one dram, Take. Roots of Irrios, one dram. Take. Musk, Sivet, of either eight grains. Mix all these together with a quantity of rose Uinegar in the form of an Opiate, this must be spread on plasters, and applied, to the heart and temples, and to the souls of the feet apply this plaster following. Take of the foresaid Opiate two ounces, unto the which you must put so much more of an Onion, Plaster for the feet. which must have the middle part thereof taken out, and the hole filled with Mitridat, and Aqua vite, and so roasted in the ashes, and then mix it with the Opiate, and apply it to both soles of the feet. Now when all this is done, and that one hour is passed after his sweat and body dried as aforesaid: it were good you did give the sick some good comfortable broth, although he vomit it up again, then let him rest two hours, and then offer him more, which you must do often times, and but little at a time. And if after all this done he continue still weak and faint, without any amendment, then give him an other Cordial, as yeé did at the first and so cause him to sweat again so long as his strength can well endure it, and after sweat, give more of the julep aforesaid, for by this means you shall often times see the sore which did offer itself to come forth will be clean discussed and consumed away: but if it do not by this means go away, then use all the means you can to bring it unto Suppuration and then open it with some caustic, or insition, as hereafter shallbe showed you at large. Sleep when it is tolerable. The next day after his sweat, you may tolerate him to sleep one hour or two in the forenoon, whereby to prevent pain, or lightness of the head which may chance through want thereof: and if after his sleep, the party be sick and faint, then immediately give him some good Cordial, according as the state of his body requireth, Faintness after sleep. either in temporat or extreme heat, as before is showed: and in one hour after that give some comfortable broth made with Veal, Mutton, Chicken, or such like: wherein some borage Buglos, Pimpernell, and a little Isop, with some Parsley roots the inner pith taken out, must be boiled, whereof he must take a little at a time, three or four times a day, and betwixt times in taking of his broth, give him three or four sponefuls of this julep following, which doth resist vennenositie from the heart, and also quench thirst. A julep to quench thirst and resist vennenositie. Take. Water of Scabios, borage, Sorrell, of either two ounces. Syrup of Lemons Sour Citrons, and the juice of Sorrell, of either one ounce. Mix all these together, and give thereof, as cause requireth. Then at night he may sleep three or four hours more, You may not Purge till the third or fourth day. and the next day, being the third or fourth day of his accubet, you may purge him with one of the purgations here following, but in any case you must take heed that you do not purge with any strong, or Scamniat medicine, because it may bring an extreme flux which willbe most dangerous because it will overmuch weaken the body and hinder concoction, for most commonly in this disease the body of itself is subject to flixes. A good Purgation in a strong body ℞ Rad, Cichoriae, ʒ. iiij. Rad, petasitis, ʒ. ss. Fol. Scabiosae. Card. b. Pimpinellae, Acetosae, ana. M. j Florum, Cord. P. j Prunorum dammas no. x. Sem. Coriandri. ʒ. ss. Aqua font. ℥. ix. Boil them until a third part be consumed, then strain it. ℞ Decoct. col. ℥. iiij. Fol. Senuae. ʒ. iij. Rhab. elect. ʒ. iiij. Spikj. G. iij. Infuse them together twelve hours then strain it strongly, and add thereto these things. Syr. de Cichoria. cum Rhab. ʒ. uj. Oxisacchari. Simp. ʒ. ij. Mix them altogether and drink it in the morning refraining from meat, drink, and sleep, three hours after and then eat some good broth. An other in a plethoric and full body. ℞ Fol. Scabiosae. Buglossae. Card. b. ana. M. j Florum Cord. P. j Rad. Tormentillae, ʒ. iij. Rad. Fenic, ana. ʒ. iiij. Cichonae, ana. ʒ. iiij. Passularum enucleat. ℥. j Prunorum dammas, no. vj. Sem. anisi, Coriandri, Oxialidis. ana. ℈. j Sennae, Polipod. q. ana. ℥. j Boil all these in a sufficient quantity of water, until half the water be consumed, then strain it, and keep it. ℞ Rhab. elect. ʒ. ij. Agarici, tros. ʒ. j Croci. ℈. ss. Aquarum scabiosae, Borraginis, Card. b. ana. ʒ. iiij. Infuse these together twelve hours in a warm place, then strain them strongly: and add thereto. Syr. ros. lax. Mannae Calabriae, ana. ℥. j Decoct. col. ℥. ij. vel. ℥. iij. Mix all these together, and take it as the other before. A good Purgation for a weak body. ℞ Fol. sennae, ʒ. iij. ℞ Rhab elect, ʒ. j ℞ Sem, anisi, ʒ. ss. ℞ Schenanthi, ℈. ss. ℞ Aqua Acetosae, ℥. v. Boil them a little, then take it from the fire, and let them stand infused together twelve hours then strain it out strongly, and add thereto. Syr. ros. lax. ℥. j, And then drink it as the other before. another gentle Purgation. ℞ Aquarum scabiosae, Card. b. Aqua ad pestem, ana. ℥. j Rhab elect, ʒ. ij. ss. Cinamomis, ʒ. ss. Infuse them together twelve hours, and strain them strongly, then add to the straining. Sir, ros, lax, ℥. j Sir, de limonibus, ʒ. iiij. Mix them together and so drink it as the other before, you may either add, or diminish of the Rhubarb unto any of these potions as you list. After purging give a Cordial. Now when you see the Purgation hath done working, then give the sick some Cordial thing, as hereafter followeth, which he must also take the next morning following. A good Cordial to be taken after Purging. ℞ Conserua Borrag, Buglos, Mali Citri, ana. ʒ. iiij. Confect Alkermis, ʒ. j Boli, Veri, ʒ. ss. Specierun diarhod abb, ℈. ij. Diamarga, frigid, ʒ. j Manus christi perlati, ℥. j Sir, de lemon, ʒ. iiij. Mix all these together, and give the sick thereof so much as a chestnut at a time, you must often times eat thereof, if the sick be in no great heat. another good Cordial to be given where great heat is. ℞ Conseruae Borag, ʒ. iiij. ℞ Conseruae fol, acetosae, ℥. j ℞ Bolarm, veri, ʒ. j ℞ Manus christi cum perlis, ℥. j, ℞ Sir, de limonibus, q. 5. miss. You must often times give of this, where great heat is, so much as three beans at a time. A good Cordial potion. ℞ Aquarum buglossae, Acetosae, ana. ℥. j ℞ Pull, diamarga, frigi, ʒ. ss. Take. Confectio alkermis, G. ij. Take. Sir, de aceto, Citri, ℥. j miss. Take. Vel de limon, ℥. j miss. All this you may take after purging, as aforesaid, at any time. Note. And here you must understand, that if it be in a plethoric body full of ill humours, it were good that you purge him again the next day. Cap 3. showeth what Simptoms often chance and how to help them. FOr that in this contagious disease there are divers dangerous simptoms which do oftimes chance I will here show you good means, how to help the same. For lightness of the head through want of sleep. ℞ Hordei mund, P. j Amigd, dull, depilatum, ℥. j ss. Sem. 4. Frigid, ma, mund, ana. ℈. j Aqua font, q. 5. fiat decoctio. Decoct col. l. j Sir de limombus, de Papa. ana. ℥. j ss. Sacchari perlati, ℥. j Boil them together a little, and then keep it to your use, you must often times give two or three sponefuls thereof to drink, and anoint his temples with this ointment. Ointment to provoke sleep. ℞ Unguent, popillionis, ʒ. iiij. Unguent, Alabastrini, Ol, Nenuphariae miss, ana. ʒ. ij. This ointment is not only good to provoke sleep, but will also ease the pain of the head, if the place greéued be anointed therewith. For raving and raging. If the party rave, then give him one scruple of the powder of a hearts horn burnt, with half an ounce of the syrup of Violets, and Lemons, and apply this sacculus following to the head. A good Sacculus for raving and raging. ℞ Florum Nenupharij, P. j Cort: Pap, ʒ. ij. Santali, Rub, Citri, albi, ana. ʒ. j Florum ros. rub, P. j Florum Viol. P. ss. Florum camomile, Betonicae, ana. ʒ. j Shred them all small, than pound them grossly, and quilt them in a bag, and apply it to the head, and it will help you. Aphtham to help it. In this contagious disease, there doth chance an ulceration of the mouth which is called Aphtham, it cometh by means of the great interior heat which the sick is oppressed with, in the time of his sickness, which if it be not well looked unto in time, it will greatly endanger the body, for remedy whereof use this Gargaris'. A good Gargaris' for the mouth. Take. Clean Barley, one handful. Wild daisy leaves, Planten leaves, Strauberie leaves, Violet leaves, of either one handful. Purslan seed, one scruple. Quinche seed, one scruple and half. Licqueris bruised, four drams. Boil all these in a sufficient quantity of water until the water be half consumed, then strain it, and take one pint and half thereof and add thereto. Syrup of roses by infusion And Syrup of dried roses, of either four drams. Diamoron, two ounces, Mix these together, and Gargaris' and wash the mouth therewith often times, being warm, and it helpeth. Vomiting extremely how to help it. If it come in the beginning of the disease, as most commonly it doth, there is no better means to stay it then by giving of Cordials and by sweeting, by which means that Uennemous matter which is the cause thereof, is expelled and breathed out, but if after Cordials given, and sweat, it doth not stay, it is a very il and dangerous sign: yet what means I have used to stay the same, I will here show you. A good bag for the stomach. Take. Dried leaves of Mints, Elder, Organ, Wormwoode, Calaminte, Mugwort Time, Balm, Pellemountaine, Tops of Dill, of either a little handful. Seeds of Cardus benedictus, Fennell, Annis, roots of Ciperus, Calamus aromaticus, of either four drams. Nutmegs, Cloves, Mace, of either half a dram. Make all these in gross powder, than put it into a linen bag, which must be made so broad and long as will cover the stomach: then take Rose water, and strong Uinegar, of either ten sponefuls, wherein do you dissolve one ounce of Mitridat, then must you first wet the said bag in two parts of clean water and a third part of White or Claret wine, and let him sook therein a little while, the liquor being first warmed on a chaffer and coals, and then wet him in the Rose water and Uinegar being warm, and so apply it to the stomach, and when he waxeth cold, warm him therein again, and let him remain half an hour in all, and then take him away, and dry the stomach with a warm cloth, and then anoint it with this ointment following. Take. chemical oils of Rosemary, Take. Sage, Take. Vinegar, Take. Mitridat, of either one dram. Mix all these together, and so use it, and if the party be costive, then were it good to give him a glister wherein dissolve two drams of Mitridat, it is also good to apply Uentoses unto the buttocks and thighs. Yoxe, or yexing to stay it R. Dill seed, two scruples and half. White poppy seed Purslan seed, of either one scruple and half. Bruise them a little then knit them in a fine Linen cloth and let it sook in the drink which he useth, and when you give him drink, wring out the bag therein, and let him drink it and that will stay it, also the order aforesaid to help vomiting, is good to stay the yoxe or yexing, but if neither of them prevail, then will the sick hardly escape death. flyx how to stop it. You must first give the patiented this purgation following, which doth not only purge away those flymie humours which is the cause thereof, but doth also leave an astringency behind it. ℞ Rhab, elect, ʒ. iij. Cinamomis, ℈. ij. Aquarum, Endivae, Borraginis, ana. ℥ two Infuse them together twelve hours then strain it out strongly, and add thereto one ounce of syrup of roses Laxative, and so drink it warm refraining from meat, drink and sleep three hours after it: and at night when it hath done working, give this confection following. ℞ Conseruae, ros, ʒ. iiij. Dioscordij, ℈. j ss. Pull, diatragag, frigid, ℈. j Dialkermes, G.x. Sir, de limon, ʒ. ij, miss. When you have given this confection then do you Epithemat the region of the heart with this Epithemative following. Epithemation for the heart ℞ Aquarum, Buglossae, Borrag, Rosarum, Oxialidis, ana. ℥. iiij. Troschiscorun de camphera, ℈. j Pull, diamargarit, frigid, ʒ. j Aceti alb, ℥. j Ossa de cord cerui, ℈. ss. Santal, rub, Coral, rub, miss, ana. ℈. j With this you must Epithemat the region of the heart warm, a quarter of an hour, and if by this means it stay not then the next day give some of this confection following, which I have found excellent good for the stopping of any flux whatsoever. ℞ Conseruae ros, sicca, ℥. i. Pull, Rhab, troschiscat, ℈, j Terrae lemniae, ʒ. ss. Lapet, Hemattitis, Saug, Draco, Bolarmoni, ana. ℈. ij. Mitridati, miss, ʒ. j You must every morning and evening give two drams hereof, and drink some Planten water after it. A good caviat Now here you must understand, that if the flux come in the beginning of the sickness, and that no botch, carbunckle, nor spots appear in the body: then in any case you may not go about to stop it, but suffer nature to discharge itself and only help nature with Cordials, and Epithemations applied to the heart, but if by the continuance thereof the patient grow very weak and faint therewith, then is it to be repressed as before is showed, but it must be the third day before you attempt to do it. But if this flux come, When aflixe is dangerous when the botch or carbunkle doth appear and tending to maturation, then is it very dangerous, for by that means, venomous matter is drawn back again into the principal parts, and so killeth the patiented. Cap. 4. showeth the general cure of a botch when he appears outwardly. FIrst give Cordials, and use the defensive before taught you in the second chapter, thereby to keep it from the heart, and then bring it to maturation as followeth. A good maturative. Take a great Onion and roast him in the ashes, than pound him with some powder of white Mustard seéde, and for lack thereof some treacle, and pound them together, and so apply it to the grief warm, and renew it twice a day, which within three or four days at most will bring it to Suppuration. An other. Take. White lily roots, Enulacompane roots, Scabios, & Onions, of either two ounces. Roast all these together in a coal leaf, or a wet paper, than pound them with some sweet butter and a little Uennes treacle, whereunto do you add some Galbanum, and Ammoniacum dissolved in Uinegar, and strain from the fesses and dregs, and so mix them altogether and apply it, renewing it twice a day. An other, where no inflammation is. Take. unguentum basillicon, four ounces. Sour Leaven, two ounces. Oil of lilies Sweet Butter, of either four drams. treacle, one dram and half. Yolckes of two Eggs. Mix them together, and so apply it and when it is come to Suppuration then open it in the lowest part either with a potential caustic, or by insition, but the caustic is best, and when you have opened it, if no matter flow out, then apply the rumps of Chickens to the sore as before hath been showed: after that put into the wound a digestive as followeth. A digestive. Take. The yolcke of an Egg, Clear Turpentine, four drams. Clarefied Honey, two drams. Mitridat, or treacle, half a dram. Mix all these together, and use it in the wound, until it be well digested, which you may perceive by the great quantity of white and thick matter that will flow out of it▪ & upon the sore lay this Cataplasm until it be digested. A digestive Cataplasm. ℞ Fat Figs and raisins the stones picked out, of either two ounces. Sal, nitrum, four drams. Sour Leaven, three ounces. Honey, one ounce. Oil of camomile one ounce and half. You must shred and pound the Figs and Raisins very small, then commix it with the rest in a mortar in form of a pultis, and use it. And when it is digested than you must mundify it, Mundificative with a mundificative, to which purpose, Unguentum viridum, or Apostolorum mixed with Unguentum basillicon will serve and when it is clean mundified, then to encarne and heal it up, do you only anoint or strick it over with a feather, Emplestrum Kellebackeron you shall find made with master Bakerone of her majesties chirurgeons. wet in Arceus linament, which must be melted in a saucer, and over all, lay a plaster of Diacculum, or a plaster of Kellebackeron, which is excellent good in all appostomes and tumours, and in this order do you proceed, until the grief be whole. Cap. 5. showeth how to bring the botch out, that lieth deep within the body or flesh. FIrst you must consider, that often times the botch or carbunkle, doth offer itself to come forth in some place of the body, and yet no apparent sign thereof, but lieth deep hidden within, because nature is not of sufficient strength to thrust it forth: which is easily perceived by the great and almost intolerable pain, that by some is felt in the place where nature intends to expel it: which in the most part of people, is by bloudletting, Cordials, and sweat, is clean taken away and evacuated: but if after all this done it go not away, then unto these you must use all the means you can to bring it to the outward parts. First by giving to the sick often times some Cordial electuary to keep it from the heart, then, (if no great pain in the outward part) you must apply a cupping glass, with Scarryfication, directly against the place where the grief is felt, and let it remain thereon a quarter or half an hour, then take it away, and presently apply the rump of Chickens, Hens, or Pigeons to the place (as before hath been showed) that being done, then lay some Attractive and Maturative plaster or Cattaplasme to the place which here following is showed, and every sixth hour you must apply the cupping glass, as also the rest, until such time as you have brought the venomous matter to the outward parts, there to be visibly seen, or at least by feéling to be perceived, which commonly is effected at the second time, then use no more cupping, but only apply a maturative to the place. A good Maturative cataplasm. ℞ Rad simphyti, Liliorum, Ceparum, Allium, ana. ℥ i Folly, Oxialidis, M.j. You must pound all these together a little, then wrap them in a coal leaf, and so roast them in the hot embers, than pound them in a mortar, whereunto add. Ol, liliorum, Auxungiae porc, ana. ℥. j Fermenti acris, ʒ. vj. Mitridatij, ʒ. j Mix them altogether in form of a Pultisse, and so apply it warm, and renew it twice a day. An other. ℞ Galbani Apopanacis, Ammoniaci, ana. ʒ. iiij. Dissolve these in Uinegar, if the botch be hot and inflamed (but if it be not) then dissolve them in Aqua vite, and being dissolved then strain it from the dregs, and add thereto. Unguent, basilici, Mitridat, Fermenti acris, ana. ʒ. iiij. Mix all these together, and apply it. An other which is sooner made. Take a great Onion, make a hole in the middle of him then fill the place with Mitridat or treacle, and some leaves of Rue, then roast him in the hot embers, and when it is soft, than pound it with some Barrowes grease, and apply it to the sore, and that will rypen it in short time then open and cure it as in the Chapter before. But if the pain & inflammation in the place be so great that the party cannot endure cupping glasses to be used, then must you apply a Uessicatorie to the place, in the lowest part of the grief. A Vessicatorie. Take Cantarrides bruised in gross powder half a dram, sour Leaven two drams, mix them together in a mortar with a little Uinegar, and apply it, which within twelve hours will raise a blister, which you must open and then lay an ivy or coleleafe to the place, and upon all, apply any of the Cattaplasmes aforesaid, and dress it twice a day, and once a day at least give the patiented some Cordial, and when it is come to a softness and that you perceive it is impostimated, then open, it and so proceed to the cure as before is showed. When the botch will not come to Maturation, but continueth always hard. Sometime it is seen that the botch although it appear outwardly, yet will it not come to maturation, which commonly is accomplished with in three or four days, but will resist whatsoever you apply to it, and remain and continue always hard, now here you must presently open it either with a caustic, or by insition, for fear lest it strike in again, or at least grow to gangrena, but before you open it you must Epithemat the grief with this Epithemation following, and every morning and evening give the sick some Cordial, and betwixt the sore and the heart anoint it with the defensive before in the second chapter▪ An Epithemation. Take. Leaves of Mallows, Violets, Chammomell, of either one handful. Flowers of Dill, melilot, of either one ounce. Hollehock roots, four ounces. linseed, two ounces. Boil all these in a sufficient quantity of water until half the water be consumed, and then wet some wool, or flax therein being first well beaten and picked clean, and warm lay it upon the sore, and as it cooleth do you take it away, & lay on another warm stews, & so continue it half an hour together, and then open it as before said, and immediately apply to the wound Chickens, or Hens, as before in the first chapter hath been showed you. And if you cannot get Chickens, nor Hens, than a Whelp, or a Pigeon cloven a sunder by the back and so applied warm, Pigeons or whelps instead of Chickens. will suffice which must be renewed so often times as cause requireth, and when that is done, then apply unto the wound a digestive, made as followeth. A digestive Take. Terpentine, half an ounce, Take. Honey two drams. Take. Mitridat, or treacle, half a dram. Take. The yolcke of a new laid Egg, Mix all these together and use it in the wound and upon all lay the digestive cattaplasme beforesaid, which is made of Figs, or a plaster of Kellebackeron, or of Diaculum magnum, and dress it twice a day and every dressing, Epithemat the grief as before said, when it is digested, then mundyfie, encarne and sigillate it as in the chapter before is showed you. Cap. 6. showeth what is to be done, when the botch strikes in again. SOmetimes you shall see the sore will appear outwardly, and suddenly vanish away again, which is a very dangerous and deadly sign, now when this doth chance, then presently give some good Cordial that hath power to expel the venem, as in the first chapter of this treatise you may find choice of, and immediately apply this pultis to both the soles of his feet, which must be made with Culuer dung and Uinegar mixed together, A good pultis. and spread on a coal leaf, and so applied, you must give the Cordial every third hour, and immediately after the first giving of the Cordial, you must Epithemat the heart with the Epithemation before expressed in the second chapter of this treatise, and when that is done then cause the sick to sweat if you may, and after his sweat, and the body well dried, then give him an easy Glister, the next day purge him with some gentle purgation as before is showed you. And if by these means you prevail not, then small hope of life is to be expected, yet Petrus Forestus, willeth you first to give a Glister, and then within two hours after it to draw some blood in the same side where the grief is, and to anoint the place grieved with Unguentum resumptivum mixed with some Oil of chammomell, and then two hours after it to give a Cordial and procure sweat upon it, and so following the rest of the orders aforesaid, did recover divers. Cap. 7. showeth how to draw a botch from one place to another, and so to discuss him without breaking. FIrst you must apply a cupping glass next adjoining to the lower part of the sore, on that side where you would have him to be brought, and next unto that glass apply another so near the first as you can, and if that be not so far as you would have the sore to be brought, then apply the third glass, and let them all remain a quarter of an hour, then take away, the last glass, but suffer the first to remain, then presently apply him again and let it remain a quarter of an hour more, and do so three or four times together, but always suffer the first glass next the sore, for to remain, now when you have thus done, then take all the glasses away, and presently apply a vessicatory to the place where the last and uttermost glass did stand, suffering it to remain there twelve hours, then open the blister and lay an ivy or coal leaf to the place, and upon all lay a plaster of Kellebackeron, or Diacculum magnum, and dress it twice a day, the longer you keep it running the better it will be, and at length, heal it up as other ulcers are cured. Now so soon as you have applied the Uessicatorie you must presently epithemat the botch with this epithemation. Epithemation. Take. Mallows, Violets, Chammomill, Dill and melilot, of either one handful. Hollehocke roots, three ounces. linseed, one ounce and half. Boil all these in a sufficient quantity of water until half the water be consumed, in this decoction you must wet some unwashed wool, or flax made clean and well beaten, then being wrong out a little apply it warm to the place, and renew it every hour during the time that the Uessicatorie is in working, and when you have opened the blister which is made thereby, then only apply this Cataplasm to the botch itself. Take. Mallows, Take. Violets and Chammomell Take. flowers, of either one handful. Boil them in water until they be tender, then cut them very small with a shreading knife, and add thereto. Oil of chammomel and Lilies, of either two ounces. Barrowes morte, two ounces. Wax, one ounce. Melt the wax in the Oils, and then put it to the herbs and boil them together a little, then take it from the fire, and add thereto Barley, and bean flower a handful of either of them, and so mix them all together, and apply it to the grief, renewing it twice a day, which within three or four days will resolve and discuss the botch, but if it do it not by that time, then use all the means you can to bring it to suppuration as before is sufficiently showed you. Cap. 8. showeth how to know a carbunkle or blain as also the cure of the same. THe carbunkle or blain, doth first begin with a little Pustule or wheal: and some times with divers Pustules or weals together, with a great burning and pricking pain in the place which Pustules are like a scalding bladder, seeming to be full of water or matter, yet when you open it, little or nothing will come out of it, and when they are broken will grow to a hard crust or a scar, as if it had been burnt with a hot iron or caustic, with a great ponderosity or heaviness in the place. In some it comes in the beginning without any Pustule at all to be perceived, but with a hard black crust or a scar, sometimes it lieth hidden in the inward parts without any outward appearance at all, Carbunkle in the Lungs. as if it be in the lungs, than there is a difficulty of breathing, with a cough and foul spitting. If it be in the liver or spleéne, Carbunkle in the liver or spleen. Carbunkle in the bladder or Kidneys. Carbunkle in the brain. than the party feéleth a great pain and pricking in the same side, if in the kidneys or bladder it doth chance, them is their suppression or stopping of the urine, or great pain in the making of water, if it be in the brain, than a delirium followeth, but howsoever it chance to come the party infected therewith hath a fever, with other accidents as before in the 13. chapter of the first treatise is declared: if it begin with a greéne, black, or blewe, colour, or of divers colours like the rainbow, Ill signs. then is it a deadly sign, and so is it, if once it appear and then suddenly vanish away: but if it be red or yellowish, so it be not in any of the principal parts, Good signs. or eniunctuaries of the body, as the heart, stomach armpit, flank, jaws or throat, them is it laudable, otherwise in any of these places very desperate and dangerous to be cured, but wheresoever it doth chance, unless it may be brought to suppuration it is deadly, The cure of the carbunkle. First the universal means must not be neglected, as bloudletting, Cordials, Epithemations, sweet, and gentle evacuation by purging, as the time and cause requireth, which before in the beginning of this treatise hath been showed at large, and the same order which is used for the cure of a botch, is also to be kept in the cure of a carbunkle, also to rectyfie the air of the house by straining it with vine and willow leaves, red Roses and such like, as also to sprinkle the floor with Rose water and Uinegar, and cause the sick often times to smell unto a cloth wet in rose water and Uinegar is very good: these things being done, then use all the means you can to bring it to Suppuration, for which purpose this Cataplasm following is very good. A maturative Cataplasm. Take. Fat Figs, four ounces. Mustered seed, one ounce and half. Pound the seéde small by itself, the Figs must first be cut very small, and then pounded likewise, and then add thereto so much Oil of lilies as will suffice to make it in the form of a stiff pultis, and apply it warm, renewing it twice a day, this must be continued until the scar begin to grow lose and movable, and then apply this following to remove the scar. Take unsalted butter, the yolcke of an Egg▪ and wheat flower, mix them together, and apply it until the scar do fall away, then do you mundify it with this mundificative. Mundificative annodine. Take. Clear Terpentine, four ounces. Syrup of red Roses, one ounce. Honey of roses, four drams, Boil them altogether a little then take it from the fire and add thereto Barley and wheat flower of either six drams, the yolk of a new laid egg, and mix them all together and apply it three days, and then use this following. Another Mundificative. Take. Clear Terpentine, three ounces. Honey of roses, two ounces. juice of smalege, two ounces. Barley flower, one ounce and half. Boil them all together saving the Barley, until the juice be consumed, then take it from the fire, and when it is almost cold, add the Barley thereto and mix them together, and use thereof to the grief until it be clean mundified, and then incarn it with Unguentum basillicon, and lastly sigilate it with Unguentum de cerusae decocted. Some time you shall find a little pustule to appear, without any ellevation of the parts adjoining, or outward hardness. Now here to bring it outwardly, you must apply this Cattaplasme. Take. Lily roots, Onions and sour Leaven, of either one ounce. Boil them in water until the water be consumed, then bruise them in a mortar and add thereto. Mustered seed, Culuer dung, White Soap, of either one dram and half. Snails without shells, vi. in number. Mitridat treacle, of either half a dram. Yolckes of four Eggs. Mix all these together and apply it warm to the grief renewing it thrice a day: this order must be continued until you see the place ellevated tending to suppuration, then apply a maturative, and so proceed as next before this is showed you, and during the whole time of the cure, I hold it better to use rather Poultices than plasters, because they do not so much stop the pores, but give more scope for the venomous matter to breath out. When the carbunkle doth come with great pain and inflammation, how to help it. You must first bathe and soak the place well with this bag following, and then presently apply the Cattaplasme ensuing, for by this means you shall not only ease the pain and abate the inflammation and fever, but also prevent the danger of gangrena which may chance thereby. The botch. Take. Mallows, Violets Plantine. Liblong, of either one handful. Fat Figs, one ounce. Holliehock roots, Lily roots, of either one ounce. Linne seed, one ounce. You must shred the herbs grossly, and cut the Figs, and roots small, then bruise them in a mortar, and mingle them altogether, then put them into two little bags, of Lincloth, and boil them in a sufficient quantity of clean water, until the water be half consumed, then take out one of the bags and wring out the water a little and apply it to the grief warm, and when it is cold take it away and lay on the other, and do so half an hour together every dressing, which must be twice a day, at least. The Cataplasm. Take. Mallows, Violets, Sorrell Liblong. of either two handfuls. Henbane, a little handful. Wrap them all in a ball together and roost them in the ashes, then bruise them in a mortar and add thereto. Mel rosarum four ounces. treacle, one dram and half. Saffron in powder, half a dram. Yolckes of five Eggs. Mix them together with the rest, adding some Barley flower thereto to thicken it, and apply it warm, renewing it always before it grow dry and stiff, and every dressing you must Epithemat the grief first with the bags aforesaid, and this order must be continued until the pain and inflammation be gone, then to bring it unto Suppuration, if you add to the foresaid Cataplasm some Oil of lilies and sweet butter unsalted, it will be very good or you may make this Cataplasm following. Take. Soot of the chimney, three ounces. Bay salt, one ounce and half. Yolckes of two or three Eggs. Mix all these together in a mortar, and apply it to the grief warm, which must be always renewed and changed before it grow dry and stiff, this order must be continued until the sore come to suppuration, them to remove the scar and finish the cure, do you follow the order prescribed in the beginning of this chapter. There are other dangerous accidents which do sometimes chance in the botch or carbunkle, which here to treat of would little prevail the unexpert people, because they know not the means how to execute the same, but if any such thing chance, then do I wish you to seek the help of some learned Physician, or expert Chirurgeon, whose counsel I do wish you to follow. The end of the second Treatise. A Short treatise of the small pocks, showing the means how for to govern and cure those which are infected therewith. CAP. 1. showeth what the small pocks and measles are, and whereof it proceedeth. FOR that oftentimes those that are infected with the plague, are in the end of the disease sometime troubled with the small pocks or measles, as also by good observation it hath been seen that they are forerunners or warnings of the plague to come, as Salius and divers other writers do testify: I have thought it good and as a matter pertinent to my former treatise, to show the aids and helps which are required for the same. I need not greatly to stand upon the description of this disease, because it is a thing well known unto most people, proceeding of adusted blood mixe with phlegm, as Avicen witnesseth, which according to both ancient and later writers doth always begin with a fever, then shortly after there arise small red pustules upon the skin throughout all the body, which do not suddenly come forth, but by intermission in some more or less, according to the state and quality of the body infected therewith for in some there arise many little▪ pustules with ellevation of the skin, which in one day do increase and grow bigger, and after have a thick matter growing in them, which the Greeks call exanthemata or exthymata: and after the Latins variola, in our English tongue the small pocks: and here some writers do make a difference betwixt variola and exanthemata: for say they, that is called variola when many of those pustules do suddenly run into a clear bladder as if it had been scalled, but the other doth not so: yet are they both one in the cure, they do most commonly appear the fourth day, or before the eight day, as Avicen witnesseth What the measles or males are. Avicen saith, that the measles or males is that which first cometh with a great swelling in the flesh, with many little pimples, which are not to be seen, but only by feeling with the hand are to be perceived, they have little ellevation of the skin, neither do they grow to maturation or end with ulceration as the pocks doth do, neither do they assault the eyes or leave any deformity behind them as the pocks doth do, neither are they so swift in coming forth, but do grow more slowly: they require the same cure which the pocks have: they proceed of choleric and melancholic blood. The cause of the pocks and measles. The primitive cause as Valetius saith, is by alteration of the air, primitive. in drawing some putrefied and corrupt quality unto it, which doth cause an ebulition of our blood. The cause antecedent, is repleasion of meats which do easily corrupt in the stomach, Antecedent. as when we eat milk and fish together at one time, or by neglecting to draw blood, in such as have accustomed to do it every year, whereby the blood doth abound. The conjunct cause, is the menstrual blood which from the beginning in our Mother's wombs we received, Coniunct. the which mixing itself with the rest of our blood, doth cause an ebulition of the whole. The efficient cause, is nature or natural heat, which by that menstrual matter mixing itself with the rest of our blood, doth cause a continual vexing and disquieting thereof, Efficient. whereby an unnatural heat is increased in all the body, causing an ebulition of blood, by the which this filthy menstrual matter is separated from our natural blood, & the nature being offended and overwhelmed therewith, doth thrust it to the outward pores of the skin as the excrements of blood: which matter if it be hot and slimy, than it produceth the pocks, but if dry & subtle, than the measles or males. But Mercuriales an excellent writer in Physic, in his first book de morbis puerorum, cap. 2. agreeing with Fernelius in his 2. de abditis rerum causis, cap. 12. doth hold opinion that the immediate cause of this disease doth not proceed of menstrual blood, but of some secret and unknown corruption or defiled quality of the air, causing an ebulition of blood, which is also verified by Valetius, and now doth reckon it to be one of the heredytable diseases, because few or none do escape it, but that either in their youth, ripe age, or old age, they are infected therewith. The contention hereabout is great, & mighty reasons are oppugned on both sides, therefore will I leave the judgement thereof unto the better learned to define: but mine opinion is, that now it proceedeth of the excrements of all the four humours in our bodies, which striving with the purest, doth cause a supernatural heat & ebulition of our blood, always beginning with a fever, in the most part: and may well be reckoned in the number of those diseases which are called Epidemia: as Fracastorius in his first book, de morbis contag. cap. 13. witnesseth this disease is very contagious and infectious, as experience teacheth us: there are two special causes why this disease is infectious: Why the pocks is infectious. the first is, because it proceedeth by ebulition of blood, whose vapour being entered into another body, doth soon defile and infect the same: the second reason is, because it is a disease hereditable: for we see when one is infected therewith, that so many as come near him, (especially those which are allied in the same blood) do assuredly for the most part receive the infection also. Cap. 2. showeth to know the signs when one is infected, as also the good and ill signs in the disease. THE signs when one is infected are these, first he is taken with a hot fever, and sometime with a delirium▪ great pain in the back, furring and stopping of the nose, beating of the heart, hoarseness, redness of the eyes and full of tears, with heaviness and pain in the head, great beating in the forehead and temples, heaviness and pricking in all the body, dryness in the mouth, the face very red, pain in the throat and breast: difficulty in breathing, and shaking of the hands and feet, with spitting thick matter. When they do soon or in short time appear, and that in their coming out they do look red, Good signs. and that after they are come forth they do look white and speedily grow to maturation, that he draweth his breath easily, and doth find himself eased of his pain, and that his fever doth leave him, these are good and laudable signs of recovery. When the pocks lie hidden within and not appearing outwardly: Ill signs. or if after they are come forth they do suddenly strike in again and vanish away, or that they do look of a black▪ bluish and green colour, with a difficulty and straightness of drawing breath, and that he do often sown, if the sick have a flux or lask, when the pocks were found double, that is one growing within another, or when they run together in blisters like scalding bladders, and then on the sudden do sink down and grow dry with a hard black scar or crust as if it had been burnt with an hot iron, all these are ill signs. Avicen saith there are two special causes which produce death unto those that have this disease: Two special causes of death either for that they are choked with great inflammation and swelling in the throat called Angina, or having a flux or lask which doth so weaken and overthrow the vital spirits, that thereby the disease is increased, and so death followeth. How to know of what humours this disease cometh. If it come of blood, than they appear red, Blood. with general pain and great heat in all the body. If they come of choler, them will they appear of a yellowish, Choler. red and clear colour, with a pricking pain in all the body. If they come of phlegm, Phlegm. then will they appear of a whitish colour and scaly, or with scales. If they come of melancholy them will they appear blackish with a pricking pain. Melancholy. Cap. 3. showeth the means to cure the pocks or measles. THere are two special means required for curing this disease: the first is to help nature to expel the same from the interior and principal parts unto the exterior: the second is to preserve both the interior and exterior parts, that they may not be hurt thereby. For the first intention, if the age and strength of the sick will permit, and that the pocks or measles appear not, it were then good in the first, second, or third day, to draw blood out of the Basillica vain in the right arm, if he be not under the age of fourteen years, but the quantity must be at the discretion of him that draweth it, either more or less as occasion is offered: but for children and such as are of tender years, Children may not bleed in the arm▪ and weak bodies, it were not best to draw blood out of the arm, but in the inferior parts, as the thighs, hams, buttocks, and the hemeroydall veins, specially if the party be melancholy: or else to apply ventoses to the loins, buttocks, or hams, which may boldly be used both before and after they do appear, either with scarification, or without; as cause requireth, which is a special good means to draw that Ichorus matter from the interior to the exterior parts, but for sucking children it were best to apply bloodsuckers unto any of the foresaid places, which is a thing that may be used with more ease than ventoses, neither do I wish either of them to be used unless necessity require it, which is when the matter lieth lurking in the interior parts, not offering itself to appear outwardly: otherwise I hold it better to leave the whole work unto nature, specially in sucking children: for when we see that nature is ready or doth endeavour to expel the malignity which is in the interior parts, to the exterior, which may be perceived by reviving of the spirits and mitigating of the fever: here we ought not to use any means at all, but leave the whole operation unto nature, Give nature leave to work. which we must only help by keeping the sick body in a reasonable heat, being wrappeth in a scarlet, stammel, or red cloth, which may not touch the skin, but to have a soft linen cloth betwixt them both, and then cover him with clothes in reasonable sort, and keep him from the open air and the light, (except a little) and also from anger, using all the means you can to keep the sick in quietness, and if the body be very costyve, then to give an easy Glister. Glister. Take Barley, two handfuls. Violet leaves, one handful. Boil these in three pints of water, until half be consumed: & strain it, then take of the same decoction twelve ounces. Oil of Violets, iij. ounces. Red Sugar, and Butter, of either one ounce. Mix them together and give it to the sick warm, you may increase or diminish the decoction or engredience according as the age of the party requireth: but if the sick have great heat, then may you add one ounce or four drams of Cassia newly drawn unto it: and when he hath expelled the glister, then rub the arms, hands, legs, and feet, softly with a warm cloth, which is also a very good means to draw that I chorus matter from the interior to the exterior parts, when all this is done, then if the body be inclined to sweat, you must further the same, by covering him with warm clothes, having a care that you lay not more on him than he can well endure, for otherwise you may cause faintness and sounding, which are ill in this case, yet must you always keep the sick warm and suffer him not to sleep, or permit very little until the pocks or measles do appear: and here you must have a special care to preserve the eyes, ears, A good caveat nostrils, throat and lungs, that they be not hurt or offended therewith, as hereafter shall be showed you, which you must use before he sweat, and also in the sweat if need be. Eyes how to preserve them. Take Rose water, Plantine water, of either two ounces. Sumacke, two drams. Let them boil together a little, or stand infused a night, then mix therewith half a spoonful of the oil made of the white of an egg, than wet two clothes five or six double therein, and then lay them upon either eye one cold which must be always kept upon the eyes until the pocks be all come forth, and as they grow dry wet them in the same liquor again and apply them, Pain burning in the eye, to help it. but if there be great pain and burning within the eye, then must you also put a drop of this musselage ollowing into the eye: take quench seed half a dram, bruise it a little, then let it stand infused in three ounces of Rose water a whole night, then strain it, and put one drop thereof into the eye three or four times a day at least: or take of this water. Take Rose water, two ounces. Woman's milk, one ounce. Myrrh finely powdered, vj. grains. Mix them together, and use it into the eye as before is showed: this doth ease the pain, resisteth putrification and preserveth the sight. For the ears, you must put a drop of oil of Roses warm into them before he sweat. Ears to preserve them. For the nostrils, cause him oftentimes to smell to the vapour of Rose vinegar, Nostrils to preserve them. or else vinegar, red roses and sanders boiled together. For the throat, let him always hold a piece of white sugar candy in the mouth, Throat to preserve it. and as it melteth, swallow it down. For the lungs, give the sick oftentimes some syrup of quinches, or conserve of Roses a little at a time. Lungs to preserve them. And for his drink the decocted water of barley boiled with a little liquors is best▪ being mixed with the juice of a Limon, citron, pomegranate, or rybes: which the sick best liketh▪ for either of them is very good. Diet. And for his d●●te he must refrain from all salt, fat, thick and sharp meats: and from all sweet things either in meat or drink, his meat must be of a facile and easy digestion, and that hath a cooling property in it, as broth wherein borage, buglos, sorrel and such like are boiled, and for ordinary drink, small béere or ale is best. Cap. 4. Teacheth what is to be done when the pocks or measles are slow in coming forth. NOw when you perceive the pocks or measelles are slow and slacken in coming forth, then must you help nature, with cordials and by sweat to thrust it out from the interior and principal parts, unto which purpose I have always found this drink to be excellent good, here following. R. Hordei mund. M. j Lentium. excort. P. j Ficuum. No. x. Fol. capil. v. Ana. M. ss Lactucae. Ana. M. ss Fol. acetosae. M. j Florum cord. P. j Semen fenic. ʒ. ij. Semen. 4. frigid. ma. ana. ʒ. ss. Aqua font. ll. iiij. Boil all these together until a third part of the water be consumed, and then strain it. ℞ Decoct. col. ll.j. Succus granatorum vel ribes·s ℥. iiij. Myxe all these together, and give the sick four or six ounces thereof to drink every Morning and evening, which will provoke sweat and expel the disease, and if you cannot get the juice of Pomegarnards', nor rybes, than you may take so much of the syrup of either of them. Another good drink to expel the pocks or measles. Take a quart of posset-ale, a handful of sennell seed, boil them together till a third part be▪ consumed, then strain it, and add thereto one dram of treacle, and one scruple of Saffron in powder: mix them together, and give two, three or four ounces thereof to drink every morning and evening as cause requireth. But if it be for a strong and elderly body, you may give any of the expelling electuaries which are used to expel the plague, as in the first Chapter for the curing of the plague doth appear. But if the sick be so weak that he cannot expel the disease in convenient time, then were it good to epithemate the heart with this epithemation following. Epjthemation for the heart. ℞ Aquarum ros. Melissa Card. b. Buglos. Morsus diaboli, Vini alb. Ana. ℥. iiij. Aceti Ros. ℥. ij. ss. Pul. Ros. rub. Trium santal. Cinnamon. i. Elect. diamarg. frig. Ana. ʒ. ss. Mitridati, ℥. j Theriackae, ʒ. iiij. Mix all these together and let them boil a little, and so warm Epithemat the heart: and when you have done it then give some expulsive drink or electuary as cause requireth, & then cause him to sweat upon it, for by this means you shall obtain your desire, by God's permission. Thirst how to quench it Now if in the expelling of the pox, the sick be very thirsty and dry, then give this julep to drink, morning and evening, which I have found very good. Take. Syrup of juiubes, Nenuphare, and borage of either four drams Take. Waters of borage, Cichore, and Buglos, of either two ounces. Mix them together and give the sick one half thereof in the morning, and the rest at night, and cause him often times to lick of this mixture following. Take. The conserves of Nenuphare Violets, and borage, of either six drams. Manus christi made with Pearls, four drams Syrup of Nenuphare, and Ribs, of either one ounce and half. Mix them together: and with a liquors stick clean scraped and a little bruised in the end let the sick lick thereof. Cap. 5. showeth what is to be done when the pocks are all come out in the skin. FOr that often times the face and hands which is the beauty and delight of our bodies are often times disfigured thereby I will show you what means I have used with good and happy success for preventing thereof: which is, you may not do any thing unto them until they grow white, and that they are come to maturation, which when you perceive, then with a Golden pin or neédle, or for lack thereof a Copper pin will serve, do you open every Pustule in the top, and so thrust out the matter therein very softly and gently, with a soft linen cloth, and if you perceive the places do fill again, then open them again as you did first, for if you do suffer the matter which is in them to remain over long, then will it fret and corrode the flesh which is the cause of those pits which remain after the pocks are gone, as Avicen witnesseth: now when you have thus done then anoint the places with this ointment following. Take. Elder leaves, one handful. Maregoldes, two handfuls. French Mallows, one handful. Barrowes morte or grease, six ounces. First bruise the herb in a mortar and then boil them with the grease in a pewter dish on a chaffer and coals until the juice of the herbs be consumed, then strain it, and keep it to your use, the best time to make it is in the middle or later end of May. You must with a feather anoint the places grieved, and as it drieth in, anoint it again, and so continue it often times, for this will soon dry them up and keep the place from pitying and holes, which remain after the pocks are gone. Also if you anoint the pocks only with Oil of sweet Almonds newly drawn, three or four times a day, which you must begin to do so soon as the pocks are grown white and come to maturation, it will cure them without pits or spots, and easeth the pain and burning and helpeth excoriation. Some do only often times wet the places with the juice of Marigolds in the summer season, and in winter the juice of the roots will serve: and by that only have done well. Mercuriales, doth greatly commend this decoction following, to be used, after the Pustules are opened. Take. Barley, one little handful, Red roses, a handful. Red sanders, White sanders, of either one ounce. of either one ounce. Saffron, two scruples. Salt, four drams. Clean water, three pound. Boil all together until a third part be consumed, you must often times touch the sores therewith, with a fine cloth wet therein, and as it drieth in, wet it again, this in a short time will dry them up. I have heard of some, which having not used any thing at all, but suffering them to dry up and fall of themselves, without picking or scratching, have done very well, and not any pits remained after it. When the pocks after they come out, do not grow to maturation, how you shall help it. Sometimes you shall find that it will be a long time before those Pustules will come to maturation, or grow white: now here you must help nature to bring it to pass, which you may well do with this decoction. Take. Mallows, one handful, Figs, twelve in number. Water, a quart. Cut the Figs small and boil it altogether, until half and more be consumed, and then wet a fine soft linen cloth therein, and touch the place therewith often times, which will soon bring them to maturation, and also ease the pain (if any be). ulceration to help it. If in the declining of the pocks they chance to grow unto Ulcerations, which is often times seen: then for the curing thereof use this order here following. Take. Tamarinds, Leaves of lentils Mirtils, Buds of oaken leaves, Red roses dried, of either a little handful. Boil all these in a pottle of clean water until half be consumed them strain it, and with a fine cloth wet therein do you wash and soak the place well, then wipe it dry with a soft and fine linen cloth, and then cast into the place some of this powder following. Take Frankincense, Mastic, sarcocol, and red roses, of either two drams. Make all these in fine powder severally by themselves, then mix them together, and so reserve it to thy use. A very good unguent for the same purpose. Take. Oil of Roses, vj. ounces. White wax, one ounce. Ceruse washed in rose and planten water, one ounce and half. Clear turpentine, iij. drams. Camphire, half a dram. You must first melt the wax in the oil, then put in the ceruse by little and little, always stirring it with one iron spalter, and let it boil in a gentle fire of charcoles until it grow black, but stir it continually in the boiling for fear lest it burn: then take it from the fire and add thereto the camphor, and lastly the terpentine: this unguent is good both to mundify, encarne, and sigillate. For extreme heat and burning in the soles of the feet, and palms of the hands. Petrus Forestus, willeth to hold the hands and feet in warm water, and that will ease the pain and burning and may boldly be used without any danger. For to help the soreness and ulceration of the mouth. Sometime it chanceth in this disease, that there is a great ulceration or excoriation in the mouth and jaws called Aptham, which if it be not well looked unto in time, will grow to be cankers: now to cure and prevent the same this gargaris is excellent good. Take Barley water, a quart. Red Roses dried, a little handful. Sumach and rybes, of either two ounces. juice of pomegarnards. three ounces. Boil them altogether saving the juice of pomegarnards, until a third part be consumed, then strain it, & add thereto the juice of pomegarnards, with this you must often wash and gargarise, as also hold some thereof in the mouth a pretty while. To prevent soreness of the mouth. Also to prevent the same, the kernel of a pomegarnard held in the mouth is very good, and so is it excellent good to lyck oftentimes some diamoron, or juice of a pomegarnard. For inflammation and pain in the tonsiles and throat. Take Planten water, a pint. Syrup of pomegarnards. ij. ounces. Mix them together, and gargarise therewith oftentimes being warm. An other. Take Nightshade water, a pint, Seeds of quenches, iiii. scruples. Boil them together a little, then strain it, and add thereto two ounces of the syrup of pomegarnards, and gargarise therewith oftentimes. How to open the eyelids that are fastened together with the pocks. Sometime the eyelids are so fast joined together that you cannot open them without great pain & danger: them to open them, you must foment or bath them well with a decoction made of quench séed, meadows & water boiled together, wherein wet some fine linen clothes five or six double & apply them warm & continue it until you may easily open them, and then if you perceive any web or film to be grown over the sight, than thrice a day do you put some powder of white sugar candy into the eye, or if you list you may dissolve the sugar in rose water, & so use it in the eye, which will fret it away & preserve the sight. A good Collery for a web or ungula in the eye. Take The juice of rue, Fennell, Salendine, Mallows, of either two ounces. Boil them together in a vessel of glass, or pewter, over a chaffer with coals, and scum away the froth that doth rise thereof, then add thereto the gall of an Eyle, one dram and let them boil together a little, then put thereto 4. scruples of white coppres, and one scruple of verdegreace in fine powder, boil all together a little, then let it run through a fine linen cloth, and keep it in a glass, you must every morning and evening put one drop thereof into the eye, provided that first due evacuation be made so well by phlebetomy as purging. Cap. 6 Teacheth how to help diverse accidents which chance after the pocks are cured and gone. For redness of the face and hands after the pocks are 〈◊〉 how to help it. Take Barley, beans, Lupins, of either one handful. Bruise them all in a mortar grossly, and boil them in three pints of water until it grow thick, like a jelly, then strain it and anoint the face and hands therewith three or four times a day, for three or four days together, and then you must wet the face and hands so often times a day with this water following. Take Vine leaves, two handfuls. bean flower, Dragons, Wilde-tansey, of either one handful. Camphire, three drams. Two calves feet. The pulp of three lemons. A pint of raw cream. You must shred the herbs small, as also the lemons, and break & cut the calves feet small, then mix them altogether, and distill it in a glass still, also the water of May dew is excellent good for any high colour or redness of the face. For spots in the face remaining when the pocks are gone. Take the juice of Lemons and mix it with a little bay Salt and touch the spots therewith often times in the day for it is excellent good. A good ointment for the same purpose. Take. Oil of sweet Almonds Oil of white Lilies, of either one ounce. Capon's grease, goats tallow, of either four drams. sarcocol, half a dram. Flower of Rice, and of Lupins, of either one dram. Litharge of gold one dram and half. Roots of bryony, and of yrtios, of either one scruple. Sugar candy white, one dram. Make powder of all those that may be brought in powder and searce it through a sarge, then put them all in a mortar together and labour them with a pestle, and in the working do you put the waters of Roses, bean flower, and of white Lilies, of either a great spoonful, which must be put in by little and little in the working of it, and so labour them all together until it come to an unguent. You must every evening anoint the face therewith, or hands▪ and in the morning wash it away in the water wherein Barley, Wheat bran, and the seed of Mallows hath been boiled. For holes remaining when the small pocks are gone. For helping of this accident, I have used many things, yet never could find any thing that did perfectly content me, but the best means that I have tried, is one day to wash the place with the distilled water of strong Uinegar, and the next day with the water wherein Bran and Mallows have been boiled, and continue this order twenty days, or a month together. Running of the ears how to help it. Sometimes the ears do run very much in this disease, which in any wise you may not go about to stop in the beginning, but suffer it so to run, and the ears to remain open: but if there be great pain in them, pain in the ears. then wet a sponge in warm water and Oil of roses mixed together, and lay it upon the ears. For stopping of the nostrils, to help it. Sometimes the Nostrils are greatly pestered by stopping them with the pocks growing in them, which doth oftentimes cause ulceration in them, therefore to prevent the same take. Red rose, and planten, of either one handful. Mirre in powder, half an ounce. Boil all these in a quart of water until half be consumed, and so being warm cause the sick to draw the fume thereof into his Nostrils often times. Also if the sick doth often times smell unto Uinegar, it is good. For hoarseness, remaining when the pocks are gone. Take. liquors, Sebesten, juiubes, of either two ounces. Fat Figs, four ounces. Clean water, four pints, Boil all these together until half be consumed, then strain it, and give one spoonful thereof to the sick often times, and it helpeth. For filthy and moist scabs, after the pocks are gone. Take. Lapis calaminaris, Litharge of gold, and of silver. of either two drams. Quick brimstone and Ceruse, of either two drams. Bring all these in fine powder, and then labour them in a mortar with so much Barrowes mort or grease as shallbe sufficient to make up an unguentum and anoint the place therewith every morning and evening. FINIS. A Table or Index. A. ANgelica root, to prepare it, fol. 7. Aptham, how to help it, fol. 26. B. Blood when and where it is to be drawn, fol. 17, 18.40 Bolarmoniake, how to prepare it, fol. 19 Botch, in the throat, to cure it, fol. 17. Botch, how to know where it will be, although no sign appear, fol. 18. Botch, the general cure thereof, fol. 30. Botch, that is hard, and will not come to maturation, how to help it, fol. 32, Botch, how to draw it, from one place to another, fol. 34 Botch, when he strickes in again, how to bring him out. fol. 33. Botch, how to draw him from one place to another, fol. 34. C. Carbunkle or blain how to know him, as also to cure it. fol. 35. Carbunkle with pain and inflammation to help it, f. 36 Chickens, how to apply them, fol. 17. Cordial preservatives, fol. 4. Cordial, to be taken after purging, fol. 26. Costivenes, how to help it, fol. 8.9. D. Digestive for a botch, how to make it, fol. 30.31.33. Diet to be kept in time of the plague, fol. 11. Diet, for them that have the small pocks, fol. 41. F. Ears, how to preserve them from the pocks, fol. 41: Ears running of them, what you must do to it, fol. 47, Epithemation, to comfort the heart, fol. 2.42. Epithemation, for a botch, fol. 34. Exercise and orders to be kept in the plague, fol. 12. Eyes, how to preserve them from the pocks, fol 41: Eye, pain, and burning therein to ease it, fol. 41 Eye, pearl or web therein to help it, fol· 46 Eyes, fastered and clung together, to help it, fol. 46. F. Fainting and pounding, to help it, fol. 23. Face, how to preserve it from deformiting, in the small pocks, fol. 43. Face, spotes therein and redness, after the pocks are gone, to help it, fol▪ 46: Feet, extreme heat in them, with the small pocks, to help it, fol. 45. Flowers of women stopped to provoke them, fol. 10.11 flix, how to stop it, fol· 25. H. Hands and feet, extreme heat in them with the small pocks, to help it, fol. 45: Head lightness and pain therein for want of sleep, f. 25 Holes in the face, with the small pocks, what is to be done to it, fol. 47: hoarseness, remaining after the pocks are gone, to help it. fol. 48: I. Issues, commended against the plague, fol. 11. juleps, Cordial, to make them, fol. 22. julep, to quench thirst, fol▪ 23.24. L. lask, or flix, how to stop it, fol. 25. Longs, how to preserve them from the pocks, f. 41. M. Maturative, to ripe and rot a botch, fol. 31.32.35. Mouth, ulceration therein, called Aptham, to help it, fol. 26. Mouth soreness and ulceration therein, with the small pocks how to prevent, and cure the same, fol. 45. Mundificative, for a carbunkle or blain, fol. 36. N. Nodule, against the plague, fol. 7. Nosgaye, against the plague, fol. 7. Nostrils how to preserve them from the pocks, fol. 41. Nostrils, stopped and ulcerated with the small pocks, to help it, foll. 47. O. Opiate, good to expel the plague, fol. 19 Ointment, to keep on sollible, fol. 8. Ointment to provoke sleep, and ease pain of the head, fol. 26. Ointment, to keep the face from pitying, in the small pocks, fol. 43. P. Parfumes against the plague, fol. 3 Pills, to keep one sollible, fol, 9 Pills, to purge the body, fol· 9 Plague what it is, fol. 1. Plague, cause thereof, fol. 1. Plague, forewarnings thereof, fol. 2. Plague, how to prevent it, fol. 2: Plague, how to cure it, fol. 16. Plague, how to expel it, fol. 18. unto. 21▪ Pomanders, against the plague, fol. 6. Potion, to purge the body, fol. 10. Potion, to expel the plague, fol. 20. preservative, against the plague, fol. 4. Powder, to purge the body, fol. 10. Powders, to expel the plague, fol. 18.19 Pocks, and measles, whereof they proceed, fol. 38: Pocks, and measles how to cure them, fol. 40: Pocks, why they are infectious, fol. 39: Pocks, how to maturate them, fol. 44. Pocks, or measles, that are slow in coming forth to help it, fol. 42. Pocks and measles, how to use them when they are come forth, fol. 43. Pocks ulcerated how to cure it, fol. 44. Purgation for a strong body: fol. 24 Purgation for a plethoric body, fol. 24. Purgation for a weak body, fol. 25. Purging, when it is tolerable, fol. 24 Q Quilte, against the plague, fol. 5. Quilte, for the heart after sweat, fol. 22. R Raving and raging, to help it, fol. 26. Raisins laxative how to make them, fol. 8▪ S Signs to know when one is infected with the plague, f, 15 Signs of recovery in the plague, fol. 15 Signs of death in the plague, fol. 15▪ Signs to know when one is infected with the small pox, f. 39 Signs laudable, and ill signs in the small pocks, f. 39 Scabes which chance to come after the pocks are gone to help them, fol. 48. Sleep when it is tolerable, fol. 23. Sleep, an ointment to provoke it, fol. 26. Sounding how to help it, fol. 23. Suppository, how to make it, fol. 8. T Thirst, a julep to quench it, fol. 23.24.43. Throat botch therein, to help it, fol. 17, Throat how to preserve it from the pocks, fol, 41. Throat ulceration therein to help it, fol. 45. V Ventoses, when and where to apply them, fol. 18. Vessicatorie, how to make it, fol. 32. Vesicatory of the sick, fol. 14. Unguent, defensative against the plague fol. 21▪ ulceration of the small pocks, to help it, fol. 44. Unguent, for spots, and redness of the face, fol. 47. Vomiting extremely, to help it, fol. 28. W Water, good against the plague, fol. 20 Water, for spots and redness of the face, after the small pocks are gone, fol. 46. Y Yexing, or yoxe, how to help it, fol. 28,