AN EPITOME OF CHRONICLES. Containing the whole discourse of the histories as well of this realm of England as all other countries, with the succesion of their kings, the time of their reign, and what notable acts they did: much profitable to be red, namely of Magistrates, and such as have authority in common weals, gathered out of most probable auctors. first by Thomas Lanquet, from the beginning of the world to the incarnation of Christ, secondly to the reign of our sovereign lord king Edward the sixth by Thomas Cooper, and thirdly to the reign of our sovereign Lady Queen Elizabeth, by Robert Crowley. Anno. 1559. LONDINI, In aedibus Thomae Marsh. ¶ To the right high and mighty Prince, Edward by the grace of God, Duke of Somerset, governor of the kings majesties most royal person, and protector of all his highness realms dominions, and subjects, Thomas Cooper wisheth all wealth and perfit felicity. ALL be it (right excellent prince (your affabilltye and clemency is such, and so great, that all people of every state and degree, as well poor as rich, may at all convenient times have free access to your grace, and have their reasonable suits complaints, and petitions benignly heard, and according to equity, justice and good conscience depeched, so that thereby it is very likely that the true knowledge of the state and condition of the weal public, is at all times to your grace revealed & opened: Yet because (well near) in all common weals, and about all such noble and good princes, there have been some, which for their own commodity, advancement, displeasure or other affection, have so letted and hindered true report, that it could not frankly come forth, it is a thing much to be feared, and with all wisdom and prudence to be foreseen, lest any such might perchance hereafter covertly creep in favour, as by flattery and dissimulation, would endeavour to abuse your godly gentleness, as such have done the like natures of other most virtuous and worthy governors before time: and by that means not only blemish greatly the immortal praises that your grace should most worthily deserve of all men, for your godly and politic governance, but also turn this noble realm to much trouble and hindrance. For never did there chance greater mischief to any comm●n weal, never were the virtuous natures of great rulers so soon corrupted, as either when they have been misinstructed and wrong informed by flatterers, or else when those that were in most favour and credit, dissimu●ing the truth, in stead of equity & justice, have wrought their own purposes. Was not the good king Darius by wicked persuasions induced, even against his conscience, to commit Daniel the prophet of god, to the danger of the cruel and hungry lions? had not the devilish counsel of Haman persuaded Assuerus without cause to destroy the whole nation of the jews, for malice that he bore to Mardocheus, ne had the singular providence of God in Hester preserved them? to what misgovernance and vicious living did Perennius, Cleander, & other bring the emperor Commodus, notwithstanding the grave and sage counsellors left him by his father Marcus Antonius? did any thing so much corrupt the nature of the valiant conqueror Alexander, and so greatly blemish his fame and glory, as that he had his ears so open to flatterers? which made him to think, that he was the son of their great god jupiter? yea almost that he was a god and no mortal man. Wherefore the wise emperor Gordian had good cause to say, that he was a wretched prince, from whom v ertuous counsel & the truth of matters was hid by flattery. Yea (& in mine opinion) it were far more tolerable, that the sovereign were evil himself, then that his near friends, servants, or famylyars, whom he trusteth, should be flatterers, covetous, or malisyous. For such persons shall not only themselves do much evil, but also by false information, corrupting the high ruler (if it be possible) allure him to do the like, to the peril and danger both of himself and of the weal public. Therefore wisemen have always judged them most worthy, to be extremely punished, to the example of all other, like as the noble emperor Alexander for his sharp justice named Severus, caused Vetronnis Thurinus with smoke to be smuddered to death, because in matters of suit he had taken bribes for false report of the emperors favour. For the noble governor suspecting no such eveil to be in them, (for how long would it be, ere the wily ways of such subtle re●nardes may be spied out) may lightly be misled and do the more ●o he would not, if he witted surely how the truth went. And this danger hath always been so much the thing be feared, as that witty men perceiving things to be in suchewise mishandled by them that were in great favour with their princes, durst not, or at the least would not speak and discover the grievous hurts of the comen weal: some, for fear to be hindered by those familiars, & so to lose their dignities, offices, & authorities: some for great hope that they had, to be by their report commended, and thereby advanced to some promotion or high room in the common weal. So that I gather hereby (right excellent prince) that of all other it is a thing most difficile and hard to rule well, and for a chief magistrate and governor to be truly and without dissimulation informed in every case, as the notable saying of king Antiochus, doth well declare: who on a time of hunting, being strayed from his company and benighted, was fain to take for his harborowe, a poor cottage of the country, and there, as he was unknown at supper with the uplandish people, through communication, heard divers things freely talked of his own behaviour Therefore on the morrow, when his ministers brought to him his purpre raiment and diadem, he turning to those ensigns said. Sins the time I first began to were you, yesterday only and never before I herd the truth frankly spoken. Wherefore the best and most sure way for a noble governor, after the counsel of the excellent philosopher Demetrius, is to read such books, as most wittily and pithily treat of the states of common weals, and namely histories in the which he shall plainly see set forth before his eyes what best beseemeth him to do, what to eschew: what may advance the state of his common weal, what may hurt and hinder the same: how and by what means hatred and grudge is bred toward him, and how and by what ways he may win love and favour: What maketh his realm weak, what maketh it strong: What maketh it wealthy and rich, what maketh it poor and beggarly: what maketh it flourish many years▪ what maketh it miserable in short space: in books shall he learn to know the wily flattering foxes, from his sure and trusty friends: good and faithful ministers, from false feigning dissemblers: Whom and how he ought to choose his counsellors, how and what laws he ought to make. Thus (I say) he shall learn out of books to be himself to himself, the best the trustest and surest consellor. And for this consideration would I wish, that the sums of all such learned works, were drawn out into short brigementes, to the end that prudent governors (which for their manifold affairs and businesses, have but small time of leisure) might in lieu of other plays, pass the time therewith, like as the Epitome or brigement of chronicles is, which not many years passed was begun by a studious young man named Thomas Lanquet, & now of late by me finished▪ and continued, from the incarnation of Christ, to the second year of the reign of our sovereign lord king Edward the sixth. In ●●che form and order that a diligent reader may as in a mirror behold the state and condition of all realms at all times, and know what governors ruled them, how many years they reigned, and what notable acts were done in the time of their reign, when the Britain's, & likewise the Scots, came first into this land, with the succession of their kings, and the whole discourse of the histories of both countries: so that ye may perceive, what notable act was done in any realm under every king of England, and what year of his reign. For the years of the kings of this land be noted in the margin, with the year of the world and of Christ. In the computation we have followed the most sure account of the bible and Hebrews, which differeth much from Eusebius and other latin Chroniclers. These my labours (such as they be) most excellent prince, I thought most convenient to publish in your Grace's name, not for the well handling of the same, nor yet because I judged it worthy so noble a Prince: but only as I did of late exhibit the correction of sir Thomas Eliotes Dictionary to the kings most royal majesty, to testify my loving and obedient heart toward his highness, so do I now offer this simple gift to your Grace, as a witness or testimony of the good zeal and love, which all men ought (as well as I) to bear toward you, for your christian and virtuous governance, and especially for your godly zeal in advancing the true religion of christ: wishing continually with most hearty prayer, that you governing us so benignly, so mercifully, so godly, mought alway live in most happy felicity, and bring this diversity of opinions to a perfit vnite● and concord in Christ's doctrine, that we with mutual love and charity, and hearty obedience toward our prince, may give condign honour and worship unto god, and immortal praises to your name. Amen. The table. AAron 2●. 26.174. Aba 194. Abakuc 43. Abagarus 92.112. Abas 28 Abbas Ursper 219. Abdaram 189▪ Abdon 31. Abdimaleth 164. Abdus 95 Abel 6.285. Abenesra 207 Abessan 31▪ Abia 104. Abiathar 33. Abias' 35, Abilius 104. Abimelech 30▪ Abrine 288, Abraham 15, 17.19▪ Abrodit● 177. Abrogastes 131. Absimarus 164 Abulazar 174. Abumalach 174. Acabath 166 Academsa 57 Accaron 202▪ Accalaurentia 38. Accius' 236 Accursius 222. Acentris 25. Acestorides 48. Achab 35.36▪ Achaia 27, 56, 102, Achaius 172, Achas 39 Acherres 26 Acheus 69. Achilles' 30, 31, Acho 224. Achoris 25. Acidius Cornelius 109 A●ilius. 71. Ac●istus 28▪ Ac●osa 27. Ada 7. Adad 34.39. Adam 6.7, 8. Adamites 255. Adelbert 187. Adelstane 184. Adelphonsus 173. Adeluoldus 182. Adeodatus 162. adherbal 77. Adheser 158. Adiolde 159. Adonias 34. Adolphus emp. 229.230. Adolphus de Nassow. 264. Adrastus' 30. Adria 191. Adrian bis. 171.180.209.276 Adrian emp. 106.107.108. Adrican 44. Aegesippus 110. Aegeus 29. Aegialeus 14.21. Egypt conquered 47. Aegidius 18. Aegipsa 163. Aegyptus 26, 96. Aegistus 31. Aelon 31. Aemilianus 117.118. Aemilius 53.61.69.72. Aeneas 31. Aeneas Silvius 32.263. Aepulo 72. Aescylus 39 Aesimedes 40. Aesopus 45. Aetius 126.135.136.137, 138.139. Aetna 77. Africa recovered. 158, subject to Sartasens 163. Agamemnon 30.31. Agamnestor 38, Agastus 34. Agatho 162.163. Agapitus his. 146.186. Agathocles 61. Agelas' 35. Agesilans' 35. 55.56.5●. Agger Esli 66. Aggeus' 47. Agila 149.150. Agilulphus 154.155. A●i● 55.62. Agricola 103. Agrippa. 88.92.95.96.67.99. Agrippa Castor 108. Agrippa Me●●m●us 49. Agrippina 98.99. Ahazias. 36. Ahinas 35. Ajax 30.31. Aidan 152.152. A●stulphus 169.170. A●●●h 107. Ala●t●u● 132.133. Alba longa 31. Alba●●●●e 32. Alba Silvius 34. Albert of Ostrich emperor. 259. Albertus' emp. 230.231. Albert of Hung. 259. Albertus Magnus 223. Albericus 183. 1●6. Albion 32. Albinus 100 Alboin● 199.147.152. Albous 170. Albrich 249. Alca●on 158. Alc●●●●non 39 Alcanes'. 37.38. Alcetas 44. Alciatus. 276. Alchi●us 73. Al●●b●ades. 53.54. Aleme●● 42. Aldermen 221. Aldus 267. Aldra●henus. 2●3. Aldroenus 136. Alectus. 114.115.120. Aleme Souch 225. Alemes 132. Alenove 206. Alexander the great. 61.62 Alexander Martyr 117 Alexander 58.60.64.73.74.83. Alexander zebenna 77. Alexander Balans 74. Alexander of Corinth 34. Alexander son of Pyrrhus 97. Alexander Butaris. 48. Alexander emperor of Const. 183. Alexander Olympias brother 60. Alexander Gallus. 222. Alexander Benedictus 269. Alexander the first Scot 203 2●9. Alexander the second Scot▪ 17.218. Alexander the third Scot 222.226.228. Alexander Severus emp. 114 Alexander bis. Hier. 113 Alexander the first bishop of Rome 196. Alexander the second 106. Alexander the third. 210.211.212. Alexander the fourth 222. Alexander .v. bysh 252. Alexander vi 269. Alexander Ramsel. 238.245. Alexandria 80 Alexandria builded .62. besieged .73. repaired .103. taken . 121.1●7. Alexandria builded. 211. Alerlu●. 199.200.203.212.215. Algarus 195. Aleundus 131. Algina 184. Aliactes 44. Almericus Carno●ensis 217. Almericus 210. Almaricus 147. Alpeiragius 209. Alphous' of Artag. 258.290 261. Alphons of Naples 262. Alphons of Portugal 266. Alphons the chaste. Hisp. 172. Alphons Ch●●olicus 168. Alphons the iii 176.177. Alphons the four 181. Alphons the .v. 188.190. Alphons the vi 196. Alphons the vii 203. Alphons the viii 214. Alphons the ix 221.223 Alphons 194. Alphons the xi 232. Alpine 176. alphred 186. Alt●das 22. Alteus 23. alured 176.180.181. Amadeus 260.261. Amalthea 14. Amalasiunia 145.146. Amarcheus 53. Aman 51. Ama●ia 37. Amatus 153. Ama●ons 31.38. Ambercheleth. 164. Ambrose 129.131. Ambrose earl. 181. Amerinus Uesp. 269. Am●nophis 22.23. Amilinus Euilmerodach. 44 Amisco. 49.50▪ Ami●cat 49.68, Aminadab 32. Amilo 174. Amingo 150 Amatus 22. Ammenophos 30.35. Ammon 18.36.41. Amnon 34. Amnus 35. Amnus Faunigena 27. Amodius 259. Amorteus 168. Amos Scyrach 67. Amos 37▪ 39 Amosis 22 Amphion 27.28.29. Amphitrion 26. Amri 35. Amulius Silvius 38. Amuraie● 242.244.254.255.256. Amyntas' 26.46.47.55.56.58. anabaptists 278.282. Anacletus 103. An●masi● 45 Ana●ias. 44. Ananelus 86. Ananus 99.104. Anastatius the first bishop of Rome 132. Anastatius the second, the year of the world. 4458. Anastatius the third, the year of the world .4874. bis. two. years. Anastatius the four b. fo. 208 Anasius Emp. 143.144▪ Anaragoras 51. Anaxibis● 56. Anaximander 45. Anaximines' 45. Am●eroch 239. Anch●le 37. Ancoranus▪ 249. Anchtale 37. Ancus May●ius. 42. Anda●isct●s 74.75. Andera. 152 A●doine 142 Andovera 151. A●dragasus 131 Andragorus 67. Andrew Barion. 273. Andrew 240. Andrew of Hung. 217. Andrew thee, iii. Hung. 22●. Andrew Troilop 262 Androgius 76. Androgeus' 81 Andronicus▪ 213.229, 233.245. Angli. 138. Angus. 210. Anguseian. 126.127. Anianus 100 Anitius 73, Anna 161 Anne of Brit. 269 Anne Bulloyne 281.283 Anne of Cleve 282 Anne Askew 291 Anselmus 202 Antharis 153.154 Annibal 54.67.69.70 71.72. Antheus 21 Anthemius 140.166 Antiochus 54.71.102 Antiochus Gryphus 77 Anthenodus 115 Antherus 115 Anti●nus 107 Antiochus Cyzicenus 78 Antiochus Theos 76.67 Antiochus Soter 66.67. Antiochus the great 69▪ Antiochus Epiphanes 72.73 Antiochus Eupator 73 Antiochus Sedetes 76 Antigonus 63.64.66.68.69.86, Antipater of Cicilie 3969. year of the world. Antipater provost of juri. 85 Antipater Herode 90. Antipater Idumeus. 81. Antipater of Maced 62.63.64.65.66. Antenodorus 8●. Antomenes 38. Antonius' 84.86.87. Antonius Boionius ●ius. 108 Antonius Commodus 111. Antonius the eremite 124. Antonius de Butrio 254. Antonius Rosellanus 253. Antonius Beneventus. 269. Anubius' 94. Apet 120. Apher 1●. Aphidas 31. Apricanus 74.115. Apis 17. 19.2● Aploonius 73 Appolinaris 110, 129 Appian 107: 280: Appis 81. Appius Claudius 52, 66, 73 Aprius 44. Apronius 93. Ap●eras 26, Apuleus 107, Aquila 11●, Aquitano 262. Atalius 18, A●am 14, 15, Ar●has 26, Aitch 32, Ar●ha dius▪ 14.130.131.132.133 Arthelaus 36.52, 55, 90, 92, A●●h●malus 79, Archestratides 45, Archaeus 41, A●ch●stratus 34, Ar●hid●mas 52, 57, Ar●hida●us 59, 60, 61. Ar●●iflamn●ins, 55. Ar●higall●. 55, 66, Ar●hilotus 42. Ardaricus 139, 148 Ardis 42 Ardisus 39 Arduburus 135 Aremulus Silvius, 36 Areta 95 Arethas 79, 81 Argadus 108 Argeus 41, 56.59 Argi●opl● 263 Argis 34 Argonauts 29 Argus. 22. Ariarates. 69.73.77. Arioaindus' 159 Ario●arzane● 79 Arideus 63 Arion 44 Aristeus 66 Arphron 37 Aristarchus 51 Aristocles 57 Aristotle 58 Aristobulus 78.80, 81, 84, 99 Aristides 50, 107 Aristogiton 47 Aris●oni●us 77 Ar●stemedes 36 Aristomenes 40 Ari●hbertus, 159, 161, 164, 165 Aristoxenus 45 Arius 17 A●matrites 20 Armen●s 68 Armon●u● 47 Armeus 26 Arnefride 162 arnold de Uilla ●ou● 231 Arnobius 122 Arnolphus 181.184 Arnolde Duke 183, 184 Arogilus 24 Arphaxat 11 Arrians 130 Arrius, 123, 125 Arses 61 Arsines 64 Artac●s 37 Artabanes, 148 Arthaus●us 169 Artabanus 50, 93, 97, 98 Artaxarexes 47, 50, 54, 57 Artaxer●xes O●hus 59, 60 Arthur 144, 147, 21● Arthur prince 270 Arthur Bilney 279 Ar●iragus 97 Arxipus 37 Arymbas 6● 62 Asa 35 Asambe●●s 166 Asap● 34 Ascanius 31 Asca●ades 25 Ascleopid●●u●, 115, 1181, 20 Ascrasaxes 36 Asdrubal 71, 74 Ask 284 As●rie●homas 44 Asper 141 Aspran 164, 165 Assaradon 40 Asstanus 110 Assu● 12 Assyrius 13 ●steriu● 27 Astyages 44 Astybarus 44 Ataulphus 133 Athalia 47 Athalari●us 145 Athanagildus 150, 151 Athanasius. 124, 125.127.129 Athanaritus 129 130 A●helwolde 163 Athimus 168 Athletes 32 Atherco 116 Athonger 90 A●las 23 A●lla 128 Atossa. 47. A●reus 30.39. Attalus 69.70.77.133.134 Attila 138. Attilius 69▪ 94. At●ilius Calatinus. 67. Atti● us Regulus 65. Atys 46. Audley. 290. Aventinus Silvius. 37. Auetrois 207. Aufidius Uictorinus. 109. Auful 200. Auges 30. Augustinus Niphus. 271. Augustus' ●6. 87.90. Augustine frier● 222. Augustine 131.154. Augustulus 141. Aui●ius Cassius 109.110. Auicenna 207. Auitu● 140. Aulus 7●. Aurelianus ●●9: A●relius Ambrose 142. Aurelius Conanus 148. Aurelius of Spain. 170. Aurelius 63.143▪ Aurelius Scaurus 78. Aureolus 118.119. Aurogallus 28. Aurunus 18. Auseline 190. Aydo 175. Aymanus 283. Az●hel 36.37. Azariahu 35. Azarias 38, 44. Azo 214. B B●ales priests. 35. B●●sa 35. ●●benberg● 191. B●bell 6▪ Babil●s 116.117. Babylon 11.14. Babylon● kyngdom● 38. B●cchilu● 111. B●cchides. 73. Bacchus' 10. Bacis 35. Baduca●. 225. Bagelarde. 196. Balach▪ 295. Balad●d. 40. Bala●● 74. Bal●inus 116. Baldata. 162. Baldequinu●. 205. Baldwine of Const. 221. Baldwine. 196.201.202.203 204.205.207.212.213.215 219.223. Baleus 19.21. Baliardus 207. Bal●hasar. 46. Bamba. 162. Banus. 171. Barake. 28. Barathias. 46. Barbaranes. 135. barber's. 64. Ba●chochabas. 107. Bar●asane● 92. Bardus. 18.20. B●rdilius. 59 Bardolph. 252. Barnes. 278.285. Barnet field. 266. Baruth. 42. Barziziu●. 263. Basil●des. 108. B●s●lius traitor. 178. Basilius emp. 189. Basilius of Amasia. 223. Basilius' M●gn●s. 228. Bassianus Caracalla. 113. Ba●sus. 102. Bastard Heron. 277. Batalle of Cressi. 139. Bat all at Poiteer. 241. bath. 37. Bebius▪ 7●. 74. Bebius Pamphilus. 71. Becon. 288. Be●a. 167.168. Bela the first of Hung. 195. Bela the second. 206. Bela ●he third. 211. Bela the forth. 220. Belgius. 24. Belgrade. 277. Belinus. 52.55. belizarius. 145.146.147.148.149.151. Belochus. 20.27. Belopares. 27. Belus. 14. Bells used. 179. Benadod· 35. Bendaga. 225. Benet the first, the year of the world .4540. Benet the second. fol. 163. Benet the third, the year of the world .4818. Benet the four the year of the world .4862. Benet the .v. fol. 188. Benet the vi fol. 188. Benet the vii the year of the world .4937. Benet the .8. the year of world 4970. Benet the .9 fol. 194. Benet the ten fol. 195. Benet the xi 231. Benet the xii 237.238. Benet the xiii 249. Benjamin. 105. Beo●. 101. Benme●odach. 41. Berillus. 115. Bernard. 175.184.204.207. Bern●bos. 242.247. Beringar●us heretic. 199. Beringartus. 181.182.183.185.186. Ber●aldus. 269. Be●oni●●. 68 Berthulphus. 173. Be●i●am of ●lesqui. 243. Bessa 130. Bessarion 263. Bessus 62. Bertheron 73. Be●●ia 20. Bethsa●d● 92. Bethsaba 34. Betus 20.97. Binithus 110. Bill 253. Bladud 37. Bladunu● 77. Blasius 247. Blanch Marie 296. Bledga●ridu● 78. Bletas 138. Blondus 259. Bocatius 243. Bochorus 83. Boch●s 78. Bohemunde. 201.202.202. Boeoti● 32. Bo●zl●i 186. Bolus 78. Bon●nis 36 Bon●uenture 2●3. Boniface of Afrite. 135.137. Boniface earl 136. ●36. Boniface the first bysh. the year of the world. 4381. Boniface the second. fol. 146. Boniface the fourth. 155.156 Boniface the .v. bysh. 157. Boniface the vi 181. Boniface the vii the year of the world .4936. Boniface the viii 229.230.231. Boniface the ix 248.250. Borichus 206. Bra●anso●s first began. 174. Brachius. 255.257. Brasida●. 53. Brekus. 101. Brereton 283. Brennus. 52.55.56.66. Brentius 280. Brigus. 18 Britannicus 98. Britannion 125. Britain inhabited .32. conquered .83.84. subdued by saxons .163. Christened 110. Brit●ricus 172, 173. Brudus 176. Brunichilde 157.158. Bruno 199. Brute 32.35. Brutus Rom. 85. Bubaganus 191. Bucephala 62. Bucere 284. Budeus 276. Bulloyne 290.291. Bulmer 284. Burcharde 184. Burdin● 205. Burgonions 134. Busiris 21.27. Byogor 140. Byornon. 195. Byzance 42. C. CAbades. 142.143. Caballus 271. Cabolus 196. Cabrilaus 36. Cacaunus 154.156. Cacu●. 29. Cadmus. 27.28.29. Cadwall●der 163. Cadwalline 159. Cadwane 156.159. Cahan 220. Cain. 6.7. Cainan. 7. Ca Manlius. 78. Ca Antonius 82. Ca Caligula 95.96. Ca Cassius 98. Caianus 132. Caionius Commodus. 108. Calatinus 67. Caleis won. 239. Calepine 269. Ca●phas 93.96. Calippus 60. Caliph 165. Caliste bis. of Rome 114. Calist the ii 204.205. Caliste the iii bis. 262. Callimedes' 59 Callimachus 49. Calo joannes 209. Calomanus 201.206. Calphurnius 67.72. Calphurnius Agricola. 109. Camber 32. Cambra 55. Cambyres 44.46. Camillus' 56.57.59. Camboblascon 23. Camus 191. Campsinus 157. Camp●ius 275. Canturburi● 36. Candaces 95. Candaules 40. Cannas' 69. Cannabam 119. Canutus 192.193.197. Capellianus 115. Capenus 78. Cape●us Silvius 35. Capis Siluiu● 35 Caporus 80. Capito 93.276. Capua 35. Caranu● 38▪ Carata●. 95.97.98. Carassus' 113. Carausius 120. Carding invented 7● Carbo 78. C●rdic●as 40. Careticus 153. Cardinal 281. Carew 284 285.288. Carinus' 120. Cariell 36. Carm●gnola 256. Carolus joannes emp. 241. Carops 40. Carpocrates 108. Carthage destroyed 74. Cartusians' 200. Carus 120. Cassander ●. Cassanus. 66 Cassianus. 108▪ 201. Cass●ualan. 81.82.84. Cass●us. 78.84.85. Castinus. 135. Castrutius. 236. Catellus. 72. Cata●usinus. 241. Cathubeius. 266. Catiline. 82. Cato Censorius. 71▪ 72. Cato Uticensis. 74.78.79 83.35. Cattis. 98. Catulus. 79.80. Cavarus. 69. Cea●lmus. 152.153. Cecenuius P●i●s. 102. Cecilius. 62.66.79. Cecinus. 91. Cecrops. 25. 2●. Celestine the first bishop of Rome the year of the world .3487. Celestine the ii bis. fol. 207. Celestine the iii bysh. 214. Celestine the four bysh. 220. Celestine the .v. 229. Celius. 39 Celta. 21. Censores. 52: Centaurs. 29. Cepio. 87. Cerdicus 145. Cerealis. 102.103. Cermisonus. 263. Cesar. 82.83.84.85. Cesar Octavianus. 86.88. Cestius Florus. 100 Chalcedon. 41. Cham. 8.11.14. Chamesenus. 17. Charles the great. 171.172.173.174. Charles the Bald, emp. 179. Charles the cimple. 181.183. Charles the third, of Fran. called of some the fair. 23●. 236. Charles the .v. of Fran. 242. Charles the vi of Fran. 246.247.149.255.256. Charles the .7. of Fran. 258.260.261.263. Charles the viii of Fr. 267.268.269. Charles the iii surnamed the gross, emp. 180. king of Fr. ibidem. Charles the four of Boh. emp. 240.241.243.244.245. Charles the v emp. 275.276.278.280.281.286. Carlemayne or Carolomannus. 168.169 171.179.180. Charles Martellus. 165.166 167.168. Charles. 177.178.179.264.265. Charles of Lorraine 190. Charles of Flaunders. 205. Charles of Sicily 227.228.247. Charles de Ualoys. 229 230. Charles of Hung. 232. Charles de Bloys. 238.239.242.243. Charles of Naua●●●. 241. Charles de la pais. 247. Charles of C●●mona 252. Charles Dolphin 257. Charles of Burgoyn●. 266. Charles of Ostrich 271 274 Charles of Gelder's 271.279 Charles of Burgoyne. 278. Chebron 22. Chen●res 25. Che●●as 96. Cherinthus 104. Cherres 26. Chess devised 43. Childerich. 140.142.151.162 169. Childe●ert. 144.147.154.155.168. Chilperi●h 150.152.153. Chilon 4●. Chi●inu●. 76. Chloelia 48. Chorax 27. Chorinthu●. 25. Chon●ho●a●●us 126. Christ 33.82.94.95. Chrisostomus 13●. Christian 277. Christophorus Columbanus 269. Chrysolo●us 252. Chr●mmus 174. Chuntadeem. 206.207.208 Chunrade of Puell. 222. Chunrade 183.192. Chunradinus. 225. Ch●● 13. Chusan 27. Cher●oplep●us 60. Cicero 82.83.86. C●●on 49. Cimbrians 78. C●nda●●undus. 160 Ci●●inna●us 50. Cin●● 79.80. Cyprian 116. Circumcision 17. Cissa 161. Civil warns 84. Civilis 102. Cl●ssicus 102. Clacus Chius 41. Claudia 45. Claudius' Pontius 63. Claudius' 72.75. Claudius' emp. 92.96.97.98 99.119. Cl. Unimanus 76. Cl●and●r 111. Clea●idas 53. Clement the first bishop of Rome 104. Clement the ii bis. 194. Clement the iii bis. 199. Cl●ment ●he four bis. 224. Clement the .v. bis. 231. Clement the vi bis. 238.339 240. Clement the seven. bis. 245.247 Clement the viii. 277.278.280 Clement a servant 92. Cleomenes 47.69. Cleombr●tus 57 Cleominus 94. Cleon 53. Cleopompus 52. Cleopatra. 71.74.76.77.84.85.86. ●7. Cleophilus 173. Clephis 152. Clicerius 141. Clifforde 262.264. Clinton 273. Cli●o 17●. Clodius 83. Clodius of Fran. 135. Clodomyre 144.147. Clodovei. 142.143.144.146 Clodovei jews 160.161, Clothayre. 153.157.159.162 166. Cu. Octavius 79. Cotles' 48. Codius 32.33. C●●culus 28. Coeleus Triptolems 27. Coenus 38. Co●lus 64.73.109.118. Colet. 272. Coleine builded 31. Collatinus 48. Calumnius 52. Col●odu● 165. Comerus Gallus. 12. Comerus 14. Commodus 111. Commundu● 147. Co●postellanus 222. Commotion in Kent 261. Conarus 108. Cono 163. Co●on 56. Conon Meriodoke 130. Confession 131. Condound●s 129. Congalius 138. Con●annus 141. Co●stans 133. Constans emp. 125 160.161.162. Constantine Leos son, emp Const. 186. Co●stantine Roman●s son emp. Const. 186. Constane emp. Const. 168.169.180.191.172.182.188.389.192.261. Constantine Ducas 'em. Gre●. 196. Co●stantine the great. 122.123.124. Constantine son of great Con. emp. 124.125. Constantine son of Heracl. emp 157.169. Constantine emp. 162. Constantine the vi emp. of Const▪ 172.173. C●nstantine▪ Mono●●th●●●. emp. of Con. 194. Constantine of Brit 133.136 137.148. Constantine Scot 137.139.182.184.190. Constantine bysh. 171▪ Constantinople 1●4▪ Constantianus 147▪ Constantius Cloron. 129. Caesar. 121. emp. ibidem. Constantin● Caesar. ●33. emp 124. 125.1●6. Constantius Roman captain. 133.134. Constantius of Brit. 137.138. Consuls. 48.52.59. Conw●ll 151.175. Coors●oe● 146.147.150. Copus 176. Corbana 201. Corbonianus 64.67. Corbulo 100 Cordon 108. Corbre●d 93.101.162. Cordeilla 38. Corcyra 41. Cordus Euricius 276. Coriba●thus 26. Cor●ola●us 49. Cor llus 93. Corinth destroyed 75. Corna●ius 280. Cornelianus 109. Cornelius' bysh. 107.116. Cornelius Tacitus 104. Cornelius Gallus 87. Cornelius Scipio 67. Cornelius 67. Corvinis 60. corvinus 60. Cossu● 87. C●soroa● 156. Costa 165. Co●ta. 81. Council at Antioch 125. Council of armine 126. Council of Orliance the year of the world. 4775. Council of Brixium. fol. 109 Council of Basile. 259. Council of Constantino 178 Council of Carthage 134. Council of Constance 254. Council of Claremount. 200 210. Council of Ferrare 259 Council of Laierane at Rom 217.260. Council of Lions the year of the world. 5207.5234. Council of Mensae. the year of the world. 4775. Council of Nice. 123. Council of Nicomedie 126. Council of Pize. 253. Council of Paul 256. Council of Rome 160. Council of Sardis 125. Council of Sirmium. 126. Council of Uienne 233. Coun●a●se of Salisbury. 2●5 Crai●hlen● 120. Cramiris 149. Cranaus 26. Cranus 15.17. Crassus. 23.77.81.83.87. Crat●nus 51. Cres. 17. Cresiens' 106. Cres●entius 189.190. Crinitus 135.269. Crispus 103.123.124. Croesus. 45.46. Cross friars 215. Croton 41. Cro●b●lde 143.144. 〈◊〉 259 Cr●●ch friars 232. 〈◊〉 53.60. Crumwell ●● 83. Culpeper 287. Culine 188. Cumanus 98. Cumminges 222. Cunedagius 383 Cuniber● 16. Curiu● 66. Curtius' 59.99. Cusanus 263. Cuthbert 167. Cu●walphus 1.2. Cyaraxes. 42. Cydon 24. Cymbelinus 87 Cypselus 42. Cyrenius 88 Cyrillus 120. Cyrus. 44.45.46.54. D DA●res. 276.283.285. Dag●s●●us 150. Dagober●. 159.166. Dalila 31. Damascenus 241. Damasia 42. Damascus' 18. Damasus 194. Damon 56. Danaus. 29. Danes entered Britain. 172.174.177.189.190. Daniel 43.44.51. Daniel of Fran. 169. Dan●es 231. Darcye 272.284. Darculus 32. Darcillidas 55. Dardania 26. Da●danus 25.26.102. ●ares. 31. Darius. 46. Darius Hytaspi●. 47.49 Darius No●hus. 53. Darius' ●he last. 61.62. Da●uc● Gai●e●n. 284. Da●●s 263. David. 33.34. David of Scot 205.206.217.236.237.338.239.241.244. David a Persian 215. Daubeney. 268. Deabus 20. Dead sea 17. Dearth. 259. Death 240. Deborah 28. Decebalus ●05. Decemuiri 51. Decentius 126. Decimiu●. 73. Decius 61.65.93. Decius Emp. 116.117. Dedanuus 77. Deluge ●5. 281. Demades 61. Demetrianus 117. Demetrius 66. Demetrius Phalerius 64 Demetrius Antigoni 64. ●5 Demetrius .35. king of Maced. 68 Demetrius of Miria 69. Demetrius Philippi. 72. Demetrius Soter. 73.74. Demetrius Nicanor 74. Demetrius .16. k. of Syrie 77. Demetrius of Alexandrie. 111 Demetrius bysh 115. Demetrius the Roman. 148 Demetrius of Russie. 198. Democedes 47. Demophoon 30.31. Demosthenes' 53. Denyse 54.56.57.60. Dereham. 286. Destruction of Hier. 102. Desiderius 126. Desiderius Lombard. 170.171. Deconus. 77. Deucalio● 25. Deuided●t 157. Diadumenus. 114. Dida. 72. Dictacor 48. Di●therus. 262. Dinus Mugellanus. 229. Dinellus 80. Dioclesian 120.121.123. Di●dat●s 76. Diogine●as 36. Dion. 57.59.60. Dionysius 14.15. Dionysius liber pater. 27.28. Dionysius bysh. 115.116. Doctor London. 288. Doctor grevesend. 249. Dolete. 280. Dalitianus 110. D●lobell●. 66. Dominicus Michael. 204. Domini●us Maurocenus. 208. Dominike. 216. Domitian emp. 103.104 Domitius. 80.84. Donald●. 112.119.159.202. donald the .v. Scot 177. donald the vi 181. Donacus. 126. Dongallus 175. Dongarde. 134. Doristus 35. Dorotheus 146. Dorutdilla 68 Douglas 240.251 Draco. 43. Druids 72. Dru●illa 99 Drusus 78.79.87.93. Dudley 27●. Duffas 188. Duillus 67. Dulcane 193. Dulcinus 236. Dulrandus ●36. Dunbarre 34. Duncane 201. Duntanus 110. Dunwa●lo 49. D●ke of Bedford 256. Duke of York● 291.263. Duke of Summersault. 262. Duke of Suffolk 177.284 Duke of Albany 277. Duke o● Brunswike 279. Duke of B●uarie 280. Duke of Nor●hf. 282.284.290. Duke of Bu●kyngham. 276 Dunmuiri first ordained in Rome, the year of the world 3654. Dinasties 22. Dinastia 31. Dyndimus 33. Dyrrhachium builded .43. won from the Venetians by the Turks 270. beseg●d of Peter Emperor of Constantinop●e. 217. E▪ Earth 10. Earthquake. 56.87.105.106.110.125.126.128.132.149.150.263.271.281. Eaulfricus 159. Ebioni●es 104. Eborine 162.163. Ebranke 34. Echert 195. Echireus 25. E●a●ar 81.83. Edessa taken of the Turks. 207. Edfine 108. Edfri●e 162. Edgare. 186.187.188.202. Edinboroug. 34. Edissa 38. Edmu●de. 178.185.186.192. Ed●●nd earl of Kent. 236. E mund Holland 252. Edmund de la Poole. 270. Edricus 192. Edward before the conquest. 181.182.183.188.189.194.196. Edward the first after the conq. 226.227.228.229.230.232. Edward the ii 232.233.234 235. Edward the iii 235.236.237.238.229.240.241.242.243.244.245. Edward the four 264.265.266.267. Edward the .v. 267. Edward the vi 291. Edward le Bruce 234. Edward Balloi. 236.237.238.240. Edward Prince. 239.241.243.265.284. Edward of Mountney. 220. Edward earl of March. 263.264. Edward of Warw●ke. 270. Edward Hawar● 273. Edward P●ynynges 272. Edward Nevel 284. Edward duke of Sommers. 291. Edward Seimour. 289.290.291. edwin. 157. 158.159.1●6.187. Eferem 107. Egbert. 170.172.173. Egelrede 189.190.191. E●emnon 37. Egesippus 102. Egerton 285. Egidius 242. Egius 140. Egnarius. 276. Egipius S●luius 34. Ehud 28. E●ona taken of La●de. 54. Ela the .4. king of I●ra. 35. Ela overthrown wi●h earthquake. 101. Ela●ius ●13. Eldrede 79. 18●. Eldolus 79. Eleazarus 93.109. Eleazar 26.35.66.67. Electra 23. Erectors of Germany first ordained by Greg. 190. Eleoneus 67. Elenour 220. Elinour Cobbam 266. Elephants' first seen in Ro● 66. Eleu●heriu● 110.157. Elfleda 182.183. Elfricus 190. Elfride 188. Elgina 184. Eliasib 51. Elidicus 40. Elidurus' 95.67. Elisabeth 247.270.282. Elisabeth of Poloni● 271. Elisabeth Ba●●on 28. Eliud 771. Ella 177. Elphegus 190. Emanuel 207.208. Emanuel emp. 252. Emanuel Chrysoloras. 250. Emerianus 68 Emeric●us 214 Emma 190.193.194. Epmedocles 51. Empire of Rome decayed. 133 Empson 272. Emecus 187. England divided in seven kyngedom●s .158. brought unto on● Monarcie .173. invaded by D●nes .172.174.177.189.190. conquered by Normans. 167. En●o●hid 44. Nnoch the cit●● 7. Enoch Enos 7. Epa●mondas 58. Epaphus 26. Ephorus a magist. in 〈◊〉. first ordained 36. Ephren 225. Epidaurus builded 24. Epiph●nius. 132. Epopeus 27. Erasmus 272. Ercumbert 160. Erich●honius 26.27. Eri●●stone● 2●. Eri●hori● 40. Erippidas 55. earl of Cambridg. 246. earl of Warwick. 293.264.265.270.292. earl of Surrey. 270.274.275.276.277.291. earl of Kildare 275. earl of Hertford. 289.290.291. Eroge. 38. Esaias 39 Esau ●8. 19. Esclep●odes 113. Esdr●s 50. Esim●pheus ●46. Essei 75. E●alus 38. Ethela●d 167. Ethelburg● 173. E●helbert. 152.154.158.178 Eth●l●●ide. 170.178.189.190.192. Ethelfride 153. E●helwaldus 177. E●helwolphus 158. Ethelstane 184.185. Ethodius. 109.114. Ethoes. 179. Eua. 6. evander. 29. Evaristus. 105. Euar. 101. Eucherius. 133. Eudemus. 36. Eudo. 181. Eudocia. 137.197. Eudoxia. 133.141. Eudon. 166, 167. E●dorus. 128. Euerh●rd. 186. Eugenius S●ot 128.138.146 Eugenius the four S●ot. 154 Eugenius the v S●ot. 163. Eugenius the vi S●ot. 164. Eugenius the vii S●o. 164. Eugenics the viii S. 170. Eugeniu● emp. 131. Eugenius the i. bis. of Rom● 161. Eugenius th● ii bis. the year of the world. 8882. Eugenius the iii bis. the year of the world. 3106. Eugenius the four bis. fol. 227 259.260. Euilmerodok. 44. Eumen●s. 63 68.71.107 Euodius. 101. Eupales. 34. Eurip●lus. 30. Euristenus. 28.32. Euro●●. 44. Eusebius. 119. Eusebius of Const. 12●. Eustathius. 123.124. Eust●ce. 194.201.206. Eust●ce bish. 268. Eu●●i●es. 138. Eutius 221. Expedition of the Frenchmen into Eng. 248. Ezechia●. 39. 4●. Ezechias. 43. F. FAber. 271. F●bian. 116. Fabius. 49.60. Fabius Ma●▪ 70.77. Fabius Ratilanus. 64. 6● F. Celsus. 115. Fabritius. 66. Faganus. 110 Falco. 280. Fauconbridge. 265. Favilla. 163▪ F●unu●. 27.29. Fausta. 122.124. F●ustulus. 38. F●●●ales. 41. Felix. 99 Felsinus. 36. Fenella. 189. Ferdinand son of Sanct. Hisp 191. Ferdinand. the two. 210. Ferdinand the iii Hisp. 221. Ferdinand the four the yer● of the world. 5256. Ferd●nand the .v. fol. 266. Ferdinand Hisp. 270.271. F●rdinand of Ostrich. 278. Ferdinand of Hung. 279. Ferdinand of Arrag. 219 F●rdinand of Flaund. 216. Ferdinand of Naples. 269 F●redek. 176. F●rgus. 45.64.134. F●rgus the iii S●ot. 171. Ferithias'. 65. Ferlegus. 65. Fer●aldus. 153 F●rquard. 157.159.190. Ferrand of Flan. 216.217. Festus. 99 Fethelmak. 127. Fintormak. 122. Find●k. 118. Finnane 76. Fit● Gararde 283.284. Flattus 77. Flat●us Patavinus 104. Flagellatours 240. Flambert 184. Fia●minius 69. Fo●●ix 95. Fon●●ius Capito 93. Formo●us 181. Foyes ●a●us 191. Foukes de Brent 218. Forages 248. Fr●unce subdued by Caesar. 82.83. F●an●l 128. Francis Friars 2●6. Francis Carrarius. 248.252 Francis Lovel 268. Franci● the first of Fr. 274.278. Francis Storti● 280. Francis Bigot 284. Francis Petrarke 2●8. Frasilo 153. Francus 31. Fredegund 151. Fregosus 263. Frenchmen named .128. Christened .144. overcome at Scluse .216.238. in Aquit●ne .219. at Cressi .239. by Poiteer .241. at A●incourt 254. at Uernoyle 256. French pocks 269. Fredrick Bar●. 208.209.210.211.212.213.214. Frederik the ii emp. 216.217.218.219.220.221.222. Frederik the iii they. 256.261.294 266.268. Frederik of Spain 225. Frederik of Ostrich. 233.234 Frederik of S●x 272.275. Frederik of Ho●st. 277. Frederik of Bava. 2●4. Friar Forrest 284. Frisc●● 94. Fronto 110. Froudes 285. Fuchs●us 289. Fulco 205. Fulgen 76. Fulgenius 113. Fulvia 94. F●luius 70.72. Furius 51.71.93. G GAbinius 83. Gad 34. Gaguinus 269. Gaifer. 169. Galatas ●8. Galathes 20.21. Galb● 101. Galbio 135. Galdus. 101.102.103.104. Galene 110. Galeati●● 248.249. Galeas. 249.250.251. Galerius Caesar. 121.122. Galienus 117.118. Gallinicus. 154.164. Galls named .12. Invaded Rome. 56. Gallia named Franc. 138. Gallus 125.126. Gambriutus 20. Gan●●● 13. Ganymedes 28. Gararde 285. Gariabald 154. Garolus 143. Garlias' 194. Garsius 180. Garrete 279. Gavelon 17●. Gattinaria 271. Gaza 267. Gazari 217. G●zulus 259. Gedeon 29. Ga●fe● 170. Gentius 73. G●ffrey Plantagenet 205.206.108. G●ffrey Lome 279. George P●gg●obraicus. ●61. 263. Georgius Cas●●iotus 263. George of Clarence 266. George Uilla 267. George of bavarie 271. George Bu●leyue 283. German Gardiner 289. Geo●ge ●are●e 291. Geifa 198.207. Gelasius the ii 204. Gellius 81.197. Gelon 49. Gen●ssa 97. Ge●ser●●us 136 137.140.141 Genu●●us 67. Gerdon 105. Germaine 140. Germanus. 113.147.149 151 155. Ge●manicus Caesar. 92.93. Gerson 249. Geruntius 71.133. Geta 113. Ge●ulu● 13. Gibelines. 220.222.223.226.231.234. Gilbert 212. Gi●christ 210.212. Gil●as 148. Gilbert de Clar●. 225. Gilesby Ro● 218. Gil●mer 146. Gilloh●m 171. Gillus 80. Ginoran 221. Gi●●ber● 185. Glarian 280. Gla●tenburi● 63. G●au●ias 63. Guavius 130. Gobazes 150. Godfrey. 180.191.196.197.201. Godfrey of Anicourt 239. Godwine 103.194.195 Gog 13. Golsanda 150. Gomor destroyed 17. Gondam●ris 155. Gar●oris 31. Gorbodug 46. Gordian 115.116. Gordonius 231. Gormo 169. Gor●am 246. Go●haukes fight 256. Gosseline 180. Go●arsis 98. Goths 104.124.130.132.137 Gracchus 72.76.77. Gramaus 38. Gracian emp. 1●8. 129.130. Gra●ian of Brit. 131. Gratian 208. Gra●us 93.110. Gregoris Nazianzen 128. G egor●us ●agnus 154. Gregory the i bis. of R. 1●6. 168. Gregory the four bis. 176. Gregory the .v. bis. 190. Gregory ●he vi 194. Gregory the vii 198.199. Gregory the viii bis. 213. Gregory the ix bis 216. Gregory the ten bis. 225. Gregory the xi bis. 244.245. Gregory the xii 252.253. Gregour of Scot 179. Gren●shielde 35. Gripa 146. Grey friars 305.218. Griffin 196. Grime 191. Grimoald 162. Gri●eu● 280. G●o●s o●i 211. griffon 168.169.170. Griphus 76.78. Gu●lier of many ●38. 〈◊〉 259. 〈◊〉 of Athens 2●9. Guendoley●e 32.34. Gue●phes. 220.222.223.226.231.234. Gu●der●u● 92. Guintheli●●s 59 G●●●carde de ●ngle▪ 244. Gultherus 217. G●ndabald 142. G●n●esal●e 185. Gunterus 215. G●ndebert 161. Gu●nes invented 246. Gunthranus 152.153. Gurgui●tus 58. Gurgenes 145. Gu●gonius 7●. Gurgust●us 40. Gurmundus 153. Gusecald●s 252. Guido ●onacius 227. Guido 210.211. Guido of hire. 213. guy of Lesyngham 214. guy of Florence 223. guy of Flau●ders 230. Guylamour 143. Guides yielded 241. Gy es 21. G●ldo 131.132. G●●●op●s 33. Gyfulphus 157.194. H HAliaba● 204. Halyaben Regel. 215. Hammon 14. Hamilcar 4●. Hamo 97. Hananan 35. Hanno 57.67.70. Harbikin●●u● 19●. Harbon 23. ●arman 285. ●arold. 174. 175.18●.193.196. Harpagus 44. Hasdru●all 74. ●eber 11. ●ebert 159. ●ector 31. ●e●wode 289. Hela 35. Helchias 43. Helchesaita● 116. Helena 30. Helen 25. Helena of Brita 120. 122.1●3 ●elen● of Seruta 206. Helias 32.35.36. Heliseus 36.37. Helius 8●. Heliogabalu● 114. Heliodorus 7●. Hell● 14●. Helliste●s 146. Helmelchildi● 152. Hemingus 174. Hengist 139.141. Henry the first of Eng. 202.203.204.205. Henry the ii of Engl. 209.210.211.212.213. Henry the iii of Eng. 217.218 219 220.221.222. He●rie the four of Eng. 251.252.253. Henry the .v. 253.254.255. Henry the vi 256 257.258.259.260 261.262.263.264.265. Henry the vii Eng. 268.269 270. Henry the viii 271.272.273 etc. Henry the ●irst emp. 183.184 185. Henry the ii emp. 191.193. Henry the iii emp. 193.194.195. Henry the four emp. 195.196 197.198.199. Henry the .v. emp. 203. Henry the vi emp 214. Henry the. ●ii. emp. 232.233. Henry the i Hisp. 221. He●rie the ii Hisp. 243.244. Henry ●he iii Hisp. 248. Henry the iiii Hisp. 265. Henry 186. Henry of Burg. 191. Henr e of France 192.193. Henry of Norm. 2●8. Henry of Flaun. 'em. of Constantinople 2●6. Henricu● de Gaud●uo 231. Henry of Boheme 232. Henry Spencer 247. Henry Bolingbroke 250. Henry Persie 252. Henry Chichley 260. Henry earl of Richmont. 2●7 Heraclides 125. Heraclianus. 134.156.158.160. Heraclius emp. 157.159.160. Heraclius o Higher 21●. Heratus 22. Hercules Libius 21.22. Hercules Aleman nus 23. Hercules Desinas 26. Hercules' 29.30. Herculeus 222. Herdonius 50. Herminon 18. Herennianus 118. Herinnus 86. Hermoge●es 125. Herode Antipater's son 85. Herode xii king o● Iewes. 86.87. ●8. Herode Antipas ruler of ●aliley. 92. Herode Agrippais brother. 97.98. H●rode 118. Herodian was famous the year of the world. 4141. Heros 133. Heruli 142. Herus 108. Hesperus 22. Hesyodus 37. Hester. 50.51. Hiberius 16. Hierbas 80. Hi●ro 96.67. Hieremias 42. H●●ro●imus of prague 254. Hieronimus S●uonarola. 268. Hie●●m 285. Hiero●oam 37. Hierom the doctor 130. H erusal●m taken .43. of Ptolo●e. 63. of Antiochus .73. of Po●p. ●1. by He●o●e .86. of the Turke● .190 of Persians' .157. ●epa●●ed by Ancip. 85. besieged of ●i●u● .101. taken 102. na●ed A●li● .104. besieged of Saracens .160. recovered of christians .201. taken by Saladine 213. Hig●uus 108. Hildedrand 169. Hiob 24. Hippacia 134. Hipparinus 60. Hippomenes 40. Hircanus. 72.76.77.78.80.81.86. Hi●●ius 86. Hirene 172.173. Hirchacus 101. Hispalus 21. Hispames' kingdom began. 182. Hispaine subdued by Scipio. 69. Forsaketh the Rom. 139 vexed by Wisigothes .140. spoiled of Childebert .147. subdued of Saracens .165. Histories 1. Hist●●s 42. Hoccota Can. 218. Ho●oternes 4●. Homer 36.41. Homevoius 178. Honoria 139. Honoricus. 142. Aonorhus. 131.132.133.134.135. Honorius the i bis. of R. 158. Honorius the ii bysh. 205. Honorius the iii bysh. 217. Ho●orius the four bysh. 226. Honorius the .v. bish. 228. Horace 87. Horatius Cocles 48 Horm●sda. 144.154. Hortentius 88 Hosey. 284. Hose● 39 Hospitalers 232. Hostilius. 71. Hubba 179. Hugh king of Fr 190. H●go●r Hugh of Italy. 184.185.186. Hugh le grand. 186.201. Hugh Cayet 190. Hugh le Spencer. 224.234.235. Hugh Gressyngham 129. Hugo Par●s 204. Hugo de Mendosa. 279. Huguirio 234.235. Huld●rine 275. Huldrich 226. Humphrey Nor. 19●. Humphrey duke of Glou●. 261. Humphrey Stafforde 268. Hunger 179. Hungaries' king began .190. invaded by Saracens .218. by Solyman .278. named .138. Hungerfourd 264. Hunilois 171. Hunks invaded hungary .132. ●ere vanquysh●d. 174. Huns 129.132.137. Hurdibras 36. Husse 254. Hu●ten 276. Hydr●mancie 40. Hyempsall 77. Hypoda●i● 28. Hypermnestra 27. Hyppatius 146. Hyppias 47. Hyrpagus. 47. I IAcke ●ade 261. Iack● Strawe 246. jacke Shepherd. 246. jacius 25. jacob 18.19.22. jacobus Faber 271. jadan 35. Iaddu● 56.62. Iago 45. I●hel 27. Ia●er 36. james apost. 95.97. james the just. 9 james of Arra. 220. 222.23●. james Steward 252.256. james of Scot 256.269.270.284 james Picenninus 262. james of Cypress 265. jane Rochfort 286. jane Seimour 283. janneus 78. janus temple shut .68. by Octavius .87. the third time ●8. janus 12.14.15. japhet 8. 1●. I●que● Dar●uell 239. Iar●d 7.8. Ia●on 72. Ida 148. Iddo 35. Iechon●as 43. Iec●on 11. Ieh●el 35. Ieh●●●chas 36. jehoram 36. jehu 35.36. jaroham 35. Iep●e 31. Ie●●bell 35.36. jescha 15. I●sus 49.72.87. jesus ●hrist borne .89. disputed .90. suffered. 94. jetro 24. jew 163.167. I●wes brought in captivity .43. driven out of Alecand. 1●4. out of England. 2●8. constreigned to baptism. 159. Ignatius 104.106. Islands found 269. Ildericus 145. Ildouad●● 148. I'll of w●ght Ilmo●alias 215. Ilus 28. Illy●um wasted .60. of Huns 137. of Ostrogothes .141. of Slavines 149.156. of Turk 147. subdued by ●nic●us. 73 Images bur●ed .197. set up by a council 168. ●n●ceus 18.29. Inclination of the Roman empire 133. Indulph 187. Inger 185. Ingenius 118. Ingellus 194. Inghevon 17. Inguimeru● 92. Innocent the first bish. of R. the year of the world 4394. Innocent the ii bish. fol. 205. Innocent the iii 214.216. Innocent th● four 211. Innocent the .v. 216. Innocent ●he vi 241. Innocent the vii 252. Innocent the viii 267. Insurrection 257. Io 25. joahas 35. ●oachas 42. Ioach●● de Brandenburg. 272 joachim Magnus 209. joachim 42.43.44. joanne of Sicily or Naples 240.254.256.257. joanne of France 257. joas 36.37. job 24. joel 41. johannes 56. johannes Anachor●●a. 13●. johannes rebel of Rom. 135. johannes Tizocap●s. 166. johannes Mesue 206. Iohanne● d● Columna. 117. johannes de Liner●is 243. johannes Banus 247. johannes des●rro b●st●. 249. johannes P●leo●us. 258.259. johannes Uitelescus 258. johannes de Imola 259. johannes Huniades 260. johannes Fa●stius 262. johannes de Monte Rheg●o 296. john apostle 125. john B●ptist 94. john bysh of Hier. 105. I●hn the first bysh. of R. 145 john the ii 151. john the four 160. john the .v. 163. john the vi 163. Ioh● the vii 177.179. john the viii the year of the world 4834. john the ix fol. 181. john th● tenth the year of the world 4870. john t●e xi 184. john the xii 187. Ioh● the xiii 188. john the xiiii the year of the world .4945. three months. john the xu & john. xvi. ibid. john the xvii fol. 190. john the xviii the year of the world .4945.4. months, & john the 19 five years. john the twenty the year of the world 49 1. john the xxi fol. 2●6. john the xxii 234.23. john the xxiii 253. john provost of Africa▪ ●48. Ioh● emp. of Const. 188. john king of Eng. 215.216.217. john k●ng of Hier. 218. john king of Scot 249. john Prochicius 227. john Ballot 228.229. john k. of Bohem●. 233.237. john Tanner 333. john of beinault 235. john of Mount 238.243.244 john of Britain 238. john ●f Normandy 239. john k. o● F. 240.244.247. john of Milan 240. john of Lanc. 241.244.247 john hau●u●h 243. john Galeatius of Uer. 247. john galeatius of Mil. 255. john of Por●ugale 247. john of B●uerley 165. john of Cuma● 249. john holland 250. john Oldcastle 254. john Breu 219. john P●tr. of Con. 15●. ●5● john hus 254. john ii of Spain 254. john Uillar● ●55. john of Bedford 258. john of Burgoin● 255. john Mortimer 256. Ioh● of Angew 263. Ioh● wallop 274. john ●ley● 282. john bis. of Rochester. 283. Io●●do 36. jon 28. jones 28. jonathas 74.75.76. jonathan 96. I●nas 37. joiam 36. josaphat 35.36. Io●●●e 74. Io●eph 20.21.22. josephus 71.101.102. joseph Caiphas 93. josephus Arses 6●. Ioseph●s son Canus 97. joseph bysh. of hire. 107. josias 42. josua 27. jotham 38. iovius 133.280. Ireland subdued 211. rebelled 216. wa● invaded of scot. 233 I●eneus 110.112. Isaac patriarch 18. Isaac or Isa●ius 213.215.265 Isaac of Italy 157. Isabella of Port. 278. Isabel queen 235. Isacius ●ngelus emp. Const 213.215. Isacius Comenus emp. of Constantinople. 195.196. Isocrates 57 I●agru● 48. Isait●● 94. Isbos●●h. 33. Isilsteine 276. Isis' 16. Ishmael 17. ismael Sophi● 271. Israel 19 Israe●ls kingdom bega●. 34 Italy inhabited first 12. spoiled of Goths .132. of constance .161. of Sarates .176 of Hungare. 13●.185. invaded of Lombard's. 151. Italus 23. Ival 63. I●ba 85. 9●. jubal 7.12.14. jubalda 17. judas 55.58. judas Machabeus. 73.74. judas Mathath●as 76. judas Galileus 90. judas Gaulonites 90. judas bis. of Hier. 107. judith 47. judith of Fran 176. jugurth 77.78. julian emp. 112. julianus bis. of. Hier. 106. julian martyr the year of the world 4212. julian cardinal 26●. julianus Caesar .126. emp. and apostata. 127. julius 31. julius Caesar. 79.82.83.84 85. julius Fron●inus 103. julius Severus 107. julius the ii bis. of Rone. 271 272. julius Agricola Iu●ius Brutus 48. 6●. junius Blesus 93. juno 16. jupiter 15. jupiter Becus 14. jousts 252. justinian emp. 145.146.147 justinian ●he ii they. 163.164 165. justinus philos. 108. justine martyr 110. justinus emp. 144.145. justinus the. ●i. emp. 151.152. justinus captain 150. justus bis. 106.107. justus jonas 280. Juvenal 104. Iwencus 74. Iwencus priest 124. Iwian emp. 127. Ixion. 34. K KAtherine of Fran. 255 Katherine Dowager. 282.283. Katherine hayward. 285.286. Katherine Latimer 2●8. Kedwoldus 158. Kenewinus 162. Kenneth 189.176. Kenneth Kalar 1●5. Kenulphus 169.172. Kenwaltus 160.161. Kimarus 63. Kingtlus 158. Kingilphus 157.159. Kimhi 214. Kinimachus 44. Kinnantill 152. Knights of the Rhodes. 285. Ky●●m. 23. L LAban. 39 Labas A●dak. 46. Labotes 34. Labienus 83. Labyrinth builded 27. Lacelles 291. Lacedimonia bullded 22. Lacedæmonians kingdom began .32. ended 39 L●cedemon 26. Lachares 81. Lactantius Firmianus 123. Ladislaus of Hung. 199. Ladislaus the iii 215. Ladislaus the four 226.228. Ladislaus of Naples 251.253. Ladislaus of Hungary and Boheme. 259.260.263. Laeiu● 113. Lago 43. Lamachu● 53. Lamber● 268. Lamech 7.8. Lampare● 28. Lampeto 30. Lamprides 28. Lampertu● de tamponibus. 234. Lampsacus 42. Lanfranke 198. Lan●hbert 182. Laodicea overthrown .100. taken by Cassius. 86. Laomedon. 27.29. Laostanes 34 L●piches 29. Lapis 27. Lark 289· Latinu● 30.31. Latinus Silvius 32. Latin tongue invented .29. corrected 31. Latins kingdom began 31. latins war 4●. 61. Lavinium 31. Laudrie 153. Laudrike 279. Laurence Duke● 227. Lazarus of S●rui● 244. Learchu● 63. Leil 36. Leiceste● 37. 37. Leliu● 71. Lemigi●● 155. Lena 47· Lenthichides 49. Lent ordained 160 Lentulus 71. ●1. Leo the first bysh of R. 137.139.140. Leo the ii 162. Leo the iii 173. Leo the iiii. the year of the world 4807. Leo the .v. the year of th● world 4866. Leo the vi fol. 184. Leo the vii 185.186. Leo the viii 194. Leo the ix 194.195. Leo the ten 273.274.276. Leo emp of Const. 140.141. Leo Esaurus emp. 166.167. Leo a Senator made emp. of Constantinople 164. Leo the four emp. 172. Leo the .v. 'em. of Const. 175. Leo son of Basile emp. 180.181. Leochrate● 41. Leomedon 63. Leonard Grace 2●5. Leonard M●sgraue. 277. Leonides 49.113. Leonistae 217. Leonig●ldus 151.152.153. Leopald 233. Leoschene● 62. Leost●atus 42.49. Lepidus' ●0. 86. Lerudeu● 152. Lesbius 42. Lesbus 24. Lescon 42. Lestri●o● 21. Lencipp●● 20. Leu● bysh. 107. Leuin●● 66. Leul●●● 223.227. Lewis the son of Charles great emp and k. of Fr. 174.175.176.179 jews the second, son of Lothaire. emp. 178 jews stammarer Emp and k. of Fr. 180. jews the iii son of Arnolph. emp. 182. jews the 4. of Bavarie emp 233.234.235.236.238.239. Lewes' ●yng of Germane. 377 178.179. Lewes' son of jews stainater K. of Fr. 180. jews the seven. son of Charles s●●p. K. of Fr. 184.185. jews the viii. of Fran. 190. jews the gross K. of Fr. 203 jews the younger after some. the viii of. Fr. 206 207.208.209. Lewes' father to Saint jews. 200.209.291. jews the. S. after some the x of Fran. 216.221.222.225. jews the xi son of Philip le beau. 233. jews the xii after some the xi 263.264.265.267. jews the xiii after some xii 270.271.272.274. jews of Flan. 236.247. jews of Hung. 240.246. jews of Hung and Boheme 274.276.278. jews Gonzaza. 242 jews of Angew. 246.256. jews of Pisa. 252. Lewes' Dolphin. 25●. 262. Lewes' Patriarch of ●quicila. 266. Libenius Rhet. 127. Liber pater. 27. Li●inius. 58.72. Li●inius Crassus. 77. Licinius Musinus. 100 Licinius emp. 122.123.124. Ligustia. 68 Lynceus. 27. Linus bis. 101. Li●orius. 137. Livius. 88 Livius Drufu●. 78. Locrine. 32. Locus. 77. Lodrik●. 96.102. Lollianus. 118. London funded. 32. Longho. 20. Longinus. 151. Lorraine spoiled of Hung. 183 Lord Dakers. 283. Lord Lile. 290.291. Loth. 15.18. Lothaire the son of Clodovei 144.147.149.150. Lothaire the .2. king of Soison●. 157. Lothaire son of jews the mild. 175.176.177.178. Lothair nephew to Charles simple. 187.189. Lothair emp. 205.206. Lothaire of kent. 163. Lu●ane. 99.100. Luc. Uitellius. 95. Lucius Tarquiniu●. 46. Lu. Appronius. 93. Lu. Pomponius. 98. Lu. Bassus. 102. Lu. An●onius. 105. ●u. Tarqvinius. 45. Lu. Quietu●. 106. Lu. Uerus. 109. Lucilla. 111. Lucius bis. 177.207.213. Lucius Hiberius. 147. Luchinus. 238. Luc●ak. 105. Luc●acius. 68 Lucullus. 80.81. Lucus. 12. Lucy. 110.153. Lud. 81. Lud Hardibras. 36. Ludga●e. 81. Ludwallus. 187. Ludonicus Pontanu●. 263. Lugdus. 23. Luythbrand. 164.165.167.168. Luiba. 154. Lumbarde● enter Italy. 151. Lupus. 162 Lu●us. 26. Luther. 280. Lux●orne. 281. Ly●. 19 Lycomed●●. 30. Lycurgus. 21.26. Lymba. 151. Lyncolneshire rebellion. 28. Lyst●n. 31. Lysander. 54.55. Lysias. 73. Lisimachia builded .64. overthrown. 65. Lysimachus. 50.63.65.66. Lyndolphus. 186. M. MAcedon● kingdom began .38 ended .73. Macedonius. 125 127 130. Mocedon son of Osiris. 20. Macrianus. 214. Madan. 3●. 34. Magdalen college in Oct. ●61. M●gnen●ius. 125.126 Magnus of Norway. 193.194. M●gnus of Denmark. 224. Magog. 13. Mago. 70. Mahatdates. 98. M●homet. 158.250.251. Maho●et son of Am●rates. 261. 2●2.253.265.266.297. Makedowald. 193 Makbeth. 193.194. Ma●a●hel. 7.8. Ma●orianus. emp. 140. Malatesta. 250. Malachias. 46. Malgo. 149. Maldwine. 191. Malcoline. 186.191.195.197.201. Malcoline the maiden. 209. Malichua. 86. Malot Tag●s. 18. Mam●lus. 24. Mamercus Aemelius. 53. Manahen. 37.38. Manasses. 62.68 Manardus. 27●. Mancaleus. 23. Mancin●●. 76. Mandanes. 44. Manes. 1●9. Mania. 129. Manichees. 119. M●nlius. 34.56.57.59.72. M●nlius Torquatus. 61 M●nfrede. 222.223.224. Mango Can. 222. Mannus. 16 Mantua. 43. M●n●ill. 285. Marathius. 24. Maratus. 25. Martial. 104. Marc●llus. 67.70 Martion here the year of the world. 4103. Marcia. 59 M●rcomāni. 109. M●r. Tullius Cicero. 82. Mar. Crassus. 83. M●r. Antonius. 107. Mar. Aur. An●on. 109.116 Marcu● bis. 107. Marcus emp. 116. Marcus' rebel. 118. Martutius bish 146. Mardocheus 51. Mardonius 48.49. Mark evang 100 Mark Sm●ton 283. Margaret queen 263.264. Margar●t. 267.268.299.272. Margarete of Savoie. 273. Margaret queve of Scot 274 Marie the Virgin 88 Marry Rose 291. Mar●e of Hung. 247. Marry of Burg. 266.267. Marius' 78.79.80. Marius' son of 〈◊〉. Brit 102. Marlyne 141. marquis Dorset 273. Marks of Exe. 287. Marks of Suffolk. 261. Marmoroes 150. Marcesia 30. Mar● I●alus 28. Marsellius 95. Ma●● les 44. Marsius 37. Marsus 19.97. Marcilius Fi●inu● 267. Marcianus ●mp. 138.140. Martina 160. Martin bish. of Rom. 160. Martin the ii bis 180. Martin the iii bis 186. Martin the four bis. 227. Martin the .v. bis 254. Ma●tine bysh. of Turon. 130. Martin Swart 268. Martin Luthere 275. Martin of Rosseine 287. Martius 41.73.77. Martinu● captain 150. Martin Piping brother of Fran. 163. Martius Turbo 106. Marton college 227. Masmiss● 71.74. M●scazell 132. Mas●or Nahum 66. Mastinus Scalager. 237.238 Matha●hias Siloa 68.73. Ma●h●nias 46. Mathia● 97. Matthew his 274. Mathildis or Mand● of I●alie. 204. Mathias of Hung. 263.265.266.269. Mathusalem 7. ●. Maude empress 203.205.206.207.209. Mavortius' 135. Maur●gaius 172. Mausolus' 57 Mauritius 146.153.154.155 Maxen●ius 122. Maximilia. 110. Maximinus 115.122. Maximilian ●●rcul. 120.122. Maximus ●mp. 116.140. Max minu● the Roman capitain .129. of Brit. 130. Maximilian of Ostrich .262.267 emp. 268.269.270.271.272. Maxwell 287.260. Maynu● 67. Meandrius 47. Micade● 35. Medidu● 39 Medus 13. Megapisu● 47. M●hard●ie● 98. Melantion 275.280. Melanthu● 38. M●lch●lla 242. Melcha 15. Melchisadech 16. Mel●agru● 66. Melemasser 231. Mel●● 40. M●lga. 130.132. Melito 110. Melitus 154. Meilicola. 31. Memnon. 23.30.54.62. Memphis 26. Mempricius 34. Memmius 49. Manasses 40. Menander. 62.63. Menander h●r●t. 104.107. Menophis 27. Mentor 60. Mephr●s 22. Mercu●ius bis 146. Mercurius 23. Merodath 40. Mer●anus 77. Meroneu● 138. Merres 44 Messapiu● 20. Messana 40. Messaliani 128. Messaraphus 262. Messalina 98. Mesentiu● 31. Messen●s warr● 36. Metals ●ounde 7. Metellane 88 Metellus. 68.75.77.78.79.80.81. Metho 222. Metius Suffetiu● 42. Miz●ntiu● 30. Micena 34. Micha 35. Michael of Co●stan. 174. another. 229. Michael Balbus of Constan. 175. Michael son of Theophilu●. of Const. 177.178. Michael Paphlagon 193. Michael ●alaphates 194. Micha●l the elder 195. M●chael son of Dukas. 198.199. Michael Paleologu●. 223.226 227.229. Michael ●onnie. 226. Micheas 38.39. Midas' 2●. 40.41. Mile●u● 29. Mill●ine taken of Marcellus 69. of Charles .171. of the french men .274. of S●ortia 26●. spoiled of Marion●ān● 119. yielded to the goths .147. to Frederik● .220. spoiled o● Frid. Barb. 210. taken of Lewis .270. ●ecouered by Charles the .v. 276. Milo Soldier 182. Mil●iades 49. Minos' 29.30. Minoteur● 28. Minutia 61. Minutius Fundanus 107. Mi●om●●olinus 269. Milippa 77. Misithrus 11●. Missina 43. Mispha●mulosis 22. Mitreus' 30. Mi●hridates of Pont 61. Mithridates A●saces of Par●hia. 69. Mi●thridates of Parth. 75. Mithrida●es of Pont. 77.79 80.81.82. Mithridates of Hiberia 95. Mithridates of Aimini●. 9●. Misael 44. Minestheu● 30. Moab 1●. 36. Modestus 10. Modok● 229. Modon 33. Mogallu● 105. Mogus 16. Monica 131. Menetariu● 278. Mo●ey fi●st coined .29. fi●st● made of sliver in Rome the y●re of the world. 3708. Montanus. heret. 110. Mophis. 62. Mopsus. 31. Mord●ke. 166. Mordred. 147. Mordo Steward● 255. Mor●a. 14. Morgan. 38. 6●.229. Morg●s. 23. Morindus. 63. M●sens. 13. Mosellan●. 276. Mounsire de Be●●. 290.291. Montacute. 264.284 Moses. 21.23.25.26. Mulmutius Dunwallo. 92. Mumbray. 251.252. Mummius. 85. Mummery. 251. Mum●olu●. 153. Mu●dus 94.149 Munstere. 280. Musanus. 110. Music invented. 7. Museus. 29. Mu●ius S●euola. 48. Mu●irel. 290. Midas. 28.40.41 Myrellus. 215. N NAbis. 71. Nabuchodonoser. 42.43.44. Nachor. 14. Nadad. 35. Na●e. 65 Nagid. 65. Nanne● 29. Naples taken .147. of Elench 157. by Lewe● of ●. 249. of Ilphons .260 of Charles Fr 269. recovered of Goths .148. of Ferdinad .271. or Frenchmen .271. Narcissus. 113. Narses of Pers. 121. Narses eunuch. 145.149.150.151. N●rtius 109. Nasica. 71.74. Nathala● 117. Nathan. 34. Navarris kinged. began. 187. Nauclerus. 296 Naum. 3●. 41. Na●us. 40. Necha●. 43. Nechepso●. 43 N●chia Pharaoh. 17. Nec●anequs. 56. Nectarius. 127.131. Neein●as. 51. Nembroth. 11.12.13. Nepher cheers. 35. N●ph●ri●es. 54.56 Neoptolemus. 63. Neopocianus. 115 Nepos. 118. Nepos emp. 140 Nero. 7. Nero .98. emp. 99.100.101. Ner●a emp. 104.105. N●stor. 31. Nestur●us. 135.137. Nevel. 245.270. Nica●or. 73.116. Nicaea builded .62. shaken .128. taken .201. Nicene counsel. 122 Nicephorus. 174.181.199. Nichepsos. 41. Nichomachus. 58. Nicias. 53. Nicolaites. 104 Nicolas the first bis. of Ro●● 178. Nicolas the ii bis. 195. Nicolas the iii bis. 226. N colas the four bis. 228. Nicola● the .v. bis. 261. Nicol Musgrave. 284 Nicolaus de Lira. 234. Nicolaus de Regio. 237. Nicolas rebel. 240. Nicolaus Florent. 249. Nicolau● Pice●ninus. 259. Nicolas tower. 261. Nicolas eremite. 26●. Nicolas Carew. 284. Nicomedes. 66.73.77.79 81 Nicostrata. 29. Niger. 112. Ninias. 17. Nimue. 12.14. Ninus. 12. Noe. 7.8.10.17. Noema. 7. No●s Flood. 8.9. Norbanus. ●0. Noradinus▪ 208. Normandy possessed of normans .182. subject to Henry the first .202. spoiled by Robert of Milan 205. subject to Frenchmen .223. Norris. 283. Northampton feld●. 263 Noius. 180. Novatianus. 117. Numa Pompilius. 40.41. Numanti●. 76 Numerianus. 120. Numi●●●. 38. Nyctus F●sulanu●. 34. Nysa. 28. O OBadia. 35. Obelericus. 175 Oceanus. 13. Oecham. 234.239. O●hozias. 36. Ocozias called also Ahasia●. 36. Ocnus. 31. Oc●a▪ 142. Octavia. 98. 100LS. Octavianus Caesar. 89.87 Octavian bis. 210 Octavius. 73.80. Octavius of Brit. 123. Oddo of Burg. 213. Odenatus. 118. Odilwaldus. 160. Odo arer. 142.143 Odofredu●. 215. Oerolampadius. 246.280. Offa. 170. Offed●ke. 370 Ofrkus. 159.167. Ogiges. 10. Ol●nu●. 191.192 Olbius. 29. Olda. 43 Olimbrias. 141 Olimbi●des begin. 39 Olympus 143 Olimpi●s 63 Olympus lieutenant of Itali●. 191. olympus 30 Oliver 142 Omonimas 92 Onager 141 Only 284.286 One●u● 191 Onias 63.68.72 Onomarcu● 90 Onthia 26 Ophiusso 20 Ophr●ganeu● 35 Ophratus 35 Opimiu● 77 Oppian 120 Optatus 271 Or●ane● 236.250 Or●ades 97 Ordonius 175 Ordonius two. of Hispaine. 180. Ordonius the iii 183 Orestes 31.47.54. Oreste● emperors capit. 141 142. Original beginning of man. 3. Origen 113.115.116. Orma 19 Ormisda 1●2. Orosius ●32. Orontius 280. Orpew●ldus 159. Orphane● 25●. Orpheus' 29. Orthopoli● 23. Orus 24. Osbret 177. Os●u● 28. Osea 39.40. Osochor 35. Osorthon 37.38. Os●ik● 179. Ostorius 99 Ostrogothes 132. Oswald 15●. 160. Oswald bis. of Sales. 199. Oswie 160.161. Ostris 15.17.20.21. Otane● 48. Otho emp. 101. Otho emp. of Ger. 185.186.187. Otho the younger emp. 188.189. Otho the iii emp. 189.190. Otho of Thuring 196. Oho 215.216. Oho the .v. emp 216. ●17. Oho of S●r. 19●. Otho of B●u●r. 196.197. Otho vis. of Coleine 196. Otho bis. of B●ion 200. Oho Feige●●is 208. Otho of Burg 230. Otho of Hung. 231.232. Othoca●u● 225. ●26. Othomannus 231. othoniel 27. Ouid●. ●8. Ouinus' 7●. Owen 245. Owen of gleauder 251. Oxford universitas first began. 177. Oxyntes 31. P PAce 176. Pachetes 53. Pacorus ●6. 101▪ Paganus 170. Pala●uus 28. Palantium 29. Palinuru● 6●. Pallas 15. Palme● 288. Palmineri 119. Pampilone destroy. 177. Pandion 27.28. Panetus 43. Panntas 28. Pansa 86. P●ntenus 111. P●nnonie wasted 17● P●thion 105. Papacy begun 155. P●pias 104.214. P●p●rius Cursor 63. Pap●rius Carbo 78. Paradise 6. P●rk●r 282. P●ris 27. Paris ●lera● 30.31. Paris subdued by F●enchemen .135. besieged of Normans .180. subdued by En●glish men. 257. P●●isades 60. P●●m●nides 15. P●●th●m●spa●e● 106. P●rthia 13. Parthians 30. P●rtic●●●us 175. P●●call. b●s. of Rome 175. Pi●call the ii 202.203. P●scalis 163.173. Pas●enlius. 143. Pata●eni. 217. Pa●es. 286. Pa●ri● Hepbourn●. 251. Pari●iu● a monk. 270. Pa●●●●lus. 133. Pau●e conque. by Lumbredes ●52. besieged of Pipin .170. by Charles .171. burnt of Hungarians. 184. Paul apost. 95. imprisoned .99. put to death .101. Paul the i bis of Rome. 170 Paul t●e ii 264. Paul Fomorius. 278. Pa●lina. 94. Paulinus Sueton. 100 Paulinus bis. 140. Paulus Aem●liu●. 71.73. Paulus Samosalenus. 118. Paulus Ursinus. 252. Pau●us Guynisius. 257. Paulus Castren●is. 263. Pausanius. 55.56.59. Pausani●●. 42. Paza●●es. 244.245.248.249.250. Pazaites an other Turk. 267. pain ●●p●ost. 228. Pegasus. 28. P●lagiu● her●t. 134.137. Pelaguo of Sy. 165.167. Peli●ane. 276. Pelasgus. 31. Pelopone●us war. 38. Peloponesus kingdom began .14. named Aeg●●le●. ibid. subject to the Turk .260. Pelops. 28. Pen●hiselea. 30. Penisellus. ●0. Pendragon. 143. Pend●. 158.159.160.161 P●rdica. 40.58. Perdi●a●. 50.59.63. P●rennius. 111. Perkin warbeck. 270.271. Pe●icles. 39.51.52 Periander. 43. P●ridutus. 67. P●ripatetici. 59 Perosas. 141. Perottus. 263. Perpenna. 77.80. Perseus of Ma●ed. 72.73. Perseu●. 27.28. Persians overcome by 〈◊〉. Severus .115. of Galerius .121. of Bel●zar .145. of the Rom. and Lazians .149 of Martin justine .150. chased by Tiberius .153. Persusennes. 36. Perusina. ●43 Per●ina●. 112. Pertheres. 161. Pesceninus Niger 112. Peter. 101. Peter the ii king of Hung. 193.194. Peter the eremite. 201. Peter bis. of Ro●e. 205 Peter Leo. 205 Peter emp of Const. 217 Peter of A●●agon. 227 Peter Sp●lding. 233. Peter 〈◊〉. 236. Peter the first of Spain. 240.243. Peter G●●nbacu●t of Pisa. 249. Pe●ra●ha. 2●8. Petreus. 85. Petroneus. 96. Pe●●us Comestor. 208. Petrus Longo●ardu● master of the sennens. 208. Petrus Blesensis. 209. Pe●r●s 〈◊〉 vene●s. 209. Petrus 〈◊〉. 223. Petrus Bembu●. 271. Petubastes. 37. Petulius. 103 Petus. 190 Peu●ingerus. 276. Phae●on. 1●. Phac●a. 39 Ph●filla. 168. Phalaris. 42. Phale●h. 11 Pha●lus. 60 Ph●nia●. 74. Phasca. 38. Phaortes. 42 Pharnabasu●. 54.56. Phariseis. 76.80. Ph●rnases. 81. Phaselua 86. Ph●uorinus. 107 Pharamuno. 134. Pharaoh. 25 Phel●steus. 38. Pheredus. 37. Phemonoe. 28. Phestus. 30. Philelphus. 263 Phileni. 56. Philip the vi. king of Maced. 42. Philip father of Alexander. 56.60.61. Philip Arideus. 63. Philip the xxxvii k. of Maced 69.70.71. Philip of Syria. 73. Philip. 74 Philip of jury. 92 Philip apost. 95. Philip emp. 116 Philip the first of Fr. 196. Philip Augst▪ son of jews of Fr. 212.213.214.215.216. Ph●lip son of S. jews of France. 225.227. Philip the feyre of Fr. 228.229.231.232. Philip the .v. surnamed Long 234. Philip of Ualoys k▪ of Fr. 236.237.238. Philip brother of Henry emp 215.216. Philip of Burg. 244.271 Philip queen of England. 244. Philip of Milan. 255.256 257.259.261. Philip earl Palat. 271.280. Philip of Castille. 271. Phil●p Melancton. 276. Philipp●e bis. of Hire. 106. Philippicus .165. emperor. 166. Philo 95. Philopemenes. 71. 7● Philotas 93. Philomelus. 60 Philocrates. 56. Phocas Silvius. 37. Phocas 157. Phoenix 27. Phorbas. 24.35. Phoroneus. 20. Phormio. 53. Pho●inus. 126 Phraa●es. 92.95. Phoilla. 170.180. Phulbelochu● 37 Phulassar ●9. Phydon 38. Physcon 77.79. P●●h●e●. 62.98.99. Pi●entines war. 67. Pi●u● Merandula. 267 274. Pi●r● Morgan 273. Pi●r● o● Eaviston 233. Pigius 271 Pilate. 93.95 Pinarius. 72 Pippin. 164.165. Pipin son of Charles Martel. 168.169.170.171. Pipin king of Italy. 174. Pipin king of Gui●n. 175 Pirkaimerus. 276 Pisanes overcome .222. of the Genow 227. obtained libertee .236. subdued to Venice .272. Pisanus. 246 Pisistra●us. 46. pismires fought. 259 Pit●acus. 44 Pius the first bishop of R. the year of the world. 4105. P●u● the ii fol. 263 P●us the iii 271. Placidia. 133.134.135 Placilla. 131. Plac●ne. 93. Platine. 267. Plato. 51.56. Pla●tius. 75. Plectrude. 166. Pl●gra. 27. Plenneus. 22. Plenratus. 70. Pliny the younger. 104. Pliny the second. 106. Plotive. 116. Plutarch. 107 Pogius. 254 Polemius. 101. Polemon. 99 Policarpe .104.109. burnt. 110. Polycrates. 46.111. Polibore Uirg. 276 Politian. 267. Polybius. 66 Polybus. 28. Polyh●●es. 30. Pomerane. 275. Pomp●ius. 76. 80.81.8●.84. Pompon. S●rabo. 79. Pomp. La●tus. 267. Pontanus. 293.270. Pontianus. 115. Ponti●s. 65. Pool 285. Popili●s. 60.72.73 Poppea. 110. Poppeus Sabinus. 94. Porre● 48.45. Porsena. 48. Portius Festus. 99 Porphirius. 116. Porus. 62. Posthumius. 48.65.69 79. Posthumius vigilensis. 54. Posthumius rebel. 118 Praesto joannes. 271. Praetus. 28. Priamus. 31 Primus. 106. Printing invented. 262 Pri●ca. 110. Probus. 99.119.120. Procas. 3●. Procopius. 128. Proculus. 120. Prodigy. 79. Prometheus. 22. Protagoras. 60. Prus●as. 69.71.73 Prym●nas. 34. Psammeticus. 42. Psammenitus. 46. Psammites. 56. Psammus. 38. Pseudo. 228. Pseusenses. 35. P●olom●us Alorites. 58. Ptolomeus Lagi. 63.64 65. Ptolomeus Philadelphus. 65.67. P●olom●us Ceraunus. 66. Ptolom●us Euerg. 68.75. Ptolomeus Philopater. 69 Ptolom●us Epiphanes. 71. Ptolomeus Philome. 73.74. Ptolomeus Physcon. 77.79. Ptolomeus Alexander. 79. Ptolomeus So●her. 79 Ptolomeus Dionysius. 80.83. Ptolemy Astronomer. 109. P●olomays 225. Publ. De●●●s. 61. Publ. Ostrorius. 98. Pulcher●a. 133. Pusel de dieu. 257. Pylemene●. 77. Pynciades. 34. Pyr●hus. 3●. 63. Pyrrhus of Epire. 65.66. Pyr●hus of Brita. 80. Pythagoras' 47. Pyth●as. 56. Pytholaus. 60. Q. QUadratus. 107 Questores 54 Quin●ellinus 157.158 Quintius. 50 Quintius Cicinnatus. 50 Quintilius. 51.71.72 Q. Pompeius 76 Q. Servilius. 79. Q. U●●us 92 Q. Uibive Serenus. 93 Quintisius, emp 110 Quin●ilian. 104 Quirites 15 R RAbi Solomon. ●06. R●ch●ris 169. Rachel 19 Rac●imir 157 Rachisius' 169 Radamanthus 27 Ragafrede 169 Ragimberius 164 Ragoas 60.61 Raimiris 175 Raimiris the ii Hisp. 181 Raimiris the iii 184 R●imund 201.211 Raimund of Colow● 221 Raimundus Lullius 234 Rainerius. 234 Rainold Poole 285 Rainsforth 288 Raino 211 Rainon 206 Rainulph of Chester. 207.218 Rainulph bis. of Dyrham. 102. Ramesses 26 Ranses 28 Rast●z ●18 Rathudibras 36 Ravenna builded .40. spoiled 153. taken of Belliz 147. of A●st●lphus the year of the world 4713. of F●●der. emp fol 220. recovered by julius bis. 271. Raulfe Nele 229 Raulfe a fouwike 277 Rebecca 18 Rebels 246 Reeisuindus 161 Redargius 80 Ree● 200.228 Ree● ab Dee 253 Regasser 46 Rege●●cus 134 Regilleanus 11● Reginfeide 174 Regu●us 65.67.68 Reinold 217 Remigius 144 Remus 30.38 Renatus 268.266 Reu 11 Reucline 271.279 Reu●h● 72 Reuther 70 Rhachisius 170 Rh●d●gasius. ●32 R●●damastus. 98 R●amp●inites 31 Rhea. 14 15.39 Rhodes named Ophiussa 20. subdued by Phorba● .24. of Cassius . 8●. made a province 102. spoiled of S●rac. 161. of Uenec .205. recovered of Hospitales .232. taken of the Turk .276. Rhomu●. 28. Riccius. 280 Richard the i of Eng. 213.214. Richard the ii of Eng. 245.246.247.248.249.250.251. Richard the ii 267 Richard the second Norm. 190. Richardus de S. Uicto. 206 Richard of Cor●w. 219.222.226. Richard Scrope. 252.254. Richard Simon. 268. Richard ●is. of winch. 272. Richard Huune. 274 Richard Pace. 276. Richard Cromwell 288 Richaredus. 154.157 Richomi●. 140. Riciarius. 140. Rimo. 70 Rin●e. 260 Ripa. 280. Rivalla. 39 Robert of Guian. 183. Robert K of Fran. 190. Robert Duke of Norm. 192. Robert Guisc●rd. 196.199 Robert son of will. cong. 199 Robert Curthoyse. 200.201.202. Robert of Flaunders. 201 Robert earl of Sh●●ws●ury. 202. Robert of M●●la●ne. 20● Robert of Gioucest. 207. Robert emp. 21●. 219. Robert Bruce. 228.229.231.232.233.234.240. Robert of Calaber or Naples 230.232.233.240. Robert Baldok. 234.235. Robert king o● Scot 235.249.252. Robert of Arthoys. 236.239. Robert Steward. 238. Ro●ert Knoles. 244. Robert of F●ffe. 24●. Robert of albany. 249. Robert. 271 Robert Constable. 284. Roboam. 34 Roderike. 165. ●92. Rodianus. 79. R●doaldus. 161 Rodolph of Burg. 183.184 Rodulph Duke of Suave. 198.199. Rodolph of Habisbury. emp. 226.228. Rodulph of Bohemia. 231. Rodulphus Agr●col●. 269 Roger earl of Hertford 168 Roger of Pu●ll or Siuli. 200.208. Roger king of Italy. 206 Rog●r Clifford. 2●7. Roger Mortimer. 235 236 Roger Clarington. 251. Roke. 237 Rollo. 182. Rom●. 23. Romanessu●. 24.25 Romanus rebel. 141. Romanus lieuten. 154. Romanus Diogenes. 197 Romanus emp. 182.192. Romans vanquished of Claudius Pon●. 63. 〈◊〉 Trepanus .68. at Ticinus .69. at Cannas' .69. near to Lacinius .70. at Hippones .72. at Sycurium and Uscane .73 of the Numantines .76. of Cimbr. 78. of Sordiscians' 78. of Spartans .81. of Parthians .83. of Germans 99 of Friscians' .94. of Goths .104. of Huns .132. of Totilas .148. of S●cauines 149. of Persians' .154. of Rotharias .161. of Grecians under Otho .189. Rome first builded .23.39. enlarged .41. diched .45. hurt with fire .68.100.111. taken of Goths .133. of vandals .140. besieged of ●●tigis .147 taken of Totila● .149. the second time. ibid. recovered of Nurse's .150. besieged of Agilulphus .155. of Leuthbrand .168. of Aistulphus .170. taken of Arnolph emp .181. of Henr the. iii●. 199, of Charl te .v. soldiers. 278 Romake. 126 Romeus. 36. Romisda. 156 Romulus. 38.39.41. Romus. 27. Rosimund. 152 Rotharis. 160.164. Roland. 172. Rowen. 139.140 Roydon. 285. Rubertus of Bavary emp. 251 Rudbert. 204. Ruellius 280. Ruffinus. 131.132. Rutilius 79 S. SAbathon. 40. S●bacius Saga. 16. S●bellicus. 267. S●bellius. 117. Sabines yield .45. be vanquished. 48. Sabianus. 116.155. Sabinus. 170. Sabus. 13.17. Sacre of Diep. 288. S●crouir. 93. S●dducci. 7● Sadducus. 90. Sadolete. 280. S●dy●tes. 43. Seynct Albon field. 263. Sainctuaries. 93. 28. Sagi●us. 185. Salath●el. 44. S●●odine. 211.212.213▪ Salard. 184 Sale. 11. Sallum. 38. S●lli. 41. Salicetu●. 252 Salmanazar. 39.40 S●lomon 34. Solomon Norm. 179. Solomon of Hung. 198. S●lue regina ordained. 220. S●luius Iuli●nus. 1●0 S●luste. 88 Samaria taken .40. subdued 78. S●mgar. 2●▪ S●mmum destroyed. 65. Samnites war. 6●. Sam●s. 35. S●mothes. 12. Samnites overcome .64. of Caesar .79. of ●yll. i● id. of Lumbar .152. Samri. 35. Samosatenus. 118. S●mson. 35 S●muel. 3●. Samulius. 80. Sa●daces 49. Sanctius the gross. 183. S●nctius the ii 194. 19● Sanctius the iii 210 Sanctius the iiii. 227. Santes Pagnines. 271. Saphandinus. 214. S●pidus. 280. Sapor. 124.125.126.127 Sopores. 116. Sappho. 44 Sara. 15.18. Sardanapalus. 37 Saraceus .160. driven out of Sicill .161. overcome of Con 162. made tributary .163. overcome of Bulgares .166 driven out of France .168 vanqueshed of Turks .170 of Romans .177. pierced Italy .185. overcome at Aquisg ibid. by Ueremund .187. expulsed Italy .188. slain at A●cone .213. vanquished of Uenec .191. Sarpedon. 27. Saru●h. 23.14 Sarzorus. 280. Satrahel. 112. Satron. 17. Saturn. 12. Saturnius. 107. Saul. 33. Senonarola. 263. Saxo. 225 saxons overcome of Ualent 129. came into Brit .138. covenanted with Brua .140. ●ntred .142.143. overcome of Brit .142 slain of Sueu●ās 153. of Charles .167.172. Subdued of Charlemagne .169. yielded to Pippin .170. came to Rome .172. forsook the faith .173. subdued of Ecbert .195. rebel .198. Scalager. 248 Scanderberg. 262. Scatus. 78.81. Scerdeletus. 70. Schemai●. 35. Schism. 245 Scipio. 69.70.71 Scipio Nasica. 71 Scipico Affricanus the younger 72.74.75.76. Scipio. 80.85. Slavines overcome by Herules .148. of Ueciaris .162. of Lewis .178. received 〈◊〉 faith ibid. subdued by Henr. 184. of Otho .187. Scots begin .64.134. slain 206. of Edward the first, of Edwar● the iii etc. Scribonus 97. Scribonius. 80 Scythia 13. Sebastianus. 133.137. Sepechias. 43 Sedition. 53 Segebert 159. Se●anus 93. Serta .169. Sela 7. Selchim. 17. Se●eucus Nicanor 64 Seleucus Gallinicius. 68 Seleucus Ceraunus 68 Seleucus Philopater. 72 Seleveus Demetrius bro. 77 Se●eutia. 109. Selinus. 273.275. Sem. 8.10. Semi●amis. 16.17 Sempronive. 69.71.72 87 Sempronia 77. Seneca 98.100. Seneca bis. 106. Sennecherib. 40. Senscoris. 36. Sephora 24. Sertorius. 80.81. Serap●on. ●11. Seraph. 231. Sergiu●. 158.163.177.182. Seruandus. 140. servius ●ullius. 45.46. Servius. 48. Seruiliu●●ep●o. 78. Seruiliu● Gal●a. 79. Servilius. ●0 Sesa●h. 34. Seth. 7. Seton. 285. Severinus. 159 Severus emp. 112.123 140 Severus host●lianu●. 116. Severus. 122 Sewarde. 195. Sexius. 58. Sex. Pompeius. 86. Sforti●. 258.260.261.292 270. S●aferus. 278. Shaftesbur●●. 36 Shaxton. 291. Shinglet●n. 28. Sibilla Grithrea. 40. Sicanus. 20.24 Si●eleus. 25. Sicorus. 23. Sigebert of west S●xo. 109. S●gefred. 174. Sigebert. 151. ●52. 160. Sigisbert. 158. S●gismund. 147.247. S●gismund of Hung, 148.249.251. Sigismond emp. 253.254.255.258.259. Sigismond of Ostrich. 268. Sigisuldus. 135. Siguinus. 55. Siliu●. 7●. 98. Silio. 171. Silvanus. 126 Silvester the three 194 Simeon son of Cleopas. 100 Simon. 72.87 Simonides. 42. Simon breach. 41. Simeon son of On●as. 72. Simon jonachas brother. 76 Simon Herod● servant. 90. Simon son of Cami●hu●. 93. Simon de Mountfort. ●24. Simons. 288. Simon son of Giora. 102. Sinnases. 95. Siro●. 158. S●sin●us. 165. Sisillu● 41. S●ssebu●a. ●5● Sithal●u●. ●0. Sixiu●. 265. Smaragdus. 153.155 Sme des. 47. Smerdis. 34. Smith. 29●. Smyrna. 35.110. Soc●all war●●. 79. Socrates. 53. Sodom. 17. Sogdia●ns. 53. Soliman. 275.276.278. Solon 44.45 S●luath●u● 171 S●lyman 20● sophy 271 Sophocles captain of Lacacedemonians .39. correct the book where it is made captains of the Athen●iens. the year of the world .3195. S●phocles of Athene●. 52 Sophonias 42 Sormi● 30 Sosarmus 26.38 Sosius 86 Sosthenes 96 Solec 110 Sozimu● 269 Spain●s kingdom began 128. look Hispaine. Sparetus 24 Spartacus 60 Spartus 22 Spensers. 235. Sperus. 23. Spi●a●es. 36 Spinning enuented. 7 S●antlay. 222. Stac●us Surculus. 99 Stacius Pris●●s. ●09. S aurobates. 17. S●elenus. 26. Stella. 280 Stephan apost. 95. S●ephane the second bis. of R. 16●. Stephano the iiii. 171. Stephano the vi 181. Stephano the vii 184 correct the book where it is written the second. Stephano the viii 185. Stephano the ix 195. Stephano of Constan. 186 Stephano of Hung 190 Stephano the second of Hung. 204. Stephano the .v. of Hun. 225. Stephano C●rsus. 201 Stephano of Eng. 206.207.208. Stephano the iii of Hung. 210. Stephano edworth. 225. Stephano de Column●. 237. Stephano Nig●●. 296. Stephen Hamelton. 284. Stesichoru●. 44. Stillico. 131 132.133. Stiph●atis. 41. Stoza. 146 Strapul●. 142 Stra●a●. 56. Stralo. 36. Sueropilus. 178. Suews. 21. Suetonius Histor. 140. Suiy●ingu●. 96. Su●●till●. 157.159 Sulpitius. 70.71 7● Su●ann●. 43. Swayne. 191. Sweeting siknesse. 268 Swenon. 186.191.194. Swordplay●r●. 21. S●illa Heropila. 42. Sation. 28. Sydo. 201. Sylla. 79.80. Syllanus. 78. Sylualdus. 150. Salutes. 98. Silvius Posthum. 31. S●meon bis. of H●er. 104. Simon. 64. Simon magus. 95.98 simeon of Bulgarie. 184 Symmachus. 143.145 Synod of Consta. against M●t. 130.162. Synod of Ephesus. 13● Synod of Chalced. 138. Synod general at Const. 149. S●node at Rome. 168.188.198. Synod of Nicaea. 173. Synod of Frankfurt. ibid. Syphar. 70.71 Syracinus. 11●. Syracuse builded .40. vanqueshed of Athenians .53. Syrus. 33. T. T●●farinas. 93. Ta●helotis. 37. T●citu● emp. 119 Taddeus. 227. Tagu●. 19 Talbo●. 258 Temberlani●. 250. Tancretus. 201.202. Tantalus. 28. Ta●tanes. 30. T●nteus. 31. Tarpon. 29. Tarpe●a 40 Tarquin Priscus. 27. Tarqvinius Prise. 42.43.44. Tarquinius superbus. 45.46 48.49. Tarquin●eus 60 Tarrachus. 41. Tassilo. 154.169.170. Tatian 110 Tatius 39 Taulerus. 237. Taunase●. 30 Taxis 186 Teius 150 Tel●phu● 30 Telesphoru● 107 Teleutias. 56.57 Temnes 60 Tempest 2●4 Temple begun .34. repareid .36 ne●funded .46. finished .47. purified .73. riedified .87.88. destroyed .102. Tendesilius 149 Tenies first invented. 7 Termouth 23 Ter●ullian 113 Terwin 273 Testabilius Triton 27 Treticus 118.119 Teuc● 68 Tudelina 154 Teukesburie filled 265 Thaamas 282 Thaborites 255.258 Thalestris 62 Thales 40 Thamis 253 Thate 14 Tharsus 37 Thebit 214 Thelasius 17 Thel●chus 37 Thelesius 170 Themistocles 49.50 Theo 58 Theodebald 220 Teodas 98 Theodebert 149.155 Theodebert of Fr. 157 Theodobert of Spain 164 Theodorich 139.144.145 Theodoricus 142.143 Theodorich of Fr. 155.157 162.164.167. Theodorich of Alsaria 205 Theodomir 141 Theodot●us 129 Theodotius emp 130.131 Theodotius the younger emp 133.135.138 Theodotius captain 155 Theodo●ius the three emp 166 Theodora 178.195 Theodorus 115 Theodorus bis of R. 160 Theodorus the two. 181 Theodorus bis. of Raven. 162 Theodorus Lieutenant. 160 Theodorus Calliop's 161 Theodotus 67.69 Theodotus the Goth. 146 Theodowalde. 166 Theophilus 110.111 Theophilus bis. of Alex. 132 Theopompus 116 Theophila●te liverenant 164 Theophilus emp. 176 Ther●●ppus 34 Ther●us 72.73 Theseus 29.30. Thespieus 37 Thessalus. 20 Thessandu● 30. The●ys 13. Theumantius ●1. 85 Theudis 146.149 Theutone● 23 Thimbron 55 Thimeus 31. Thrimus. 129. Thola 30. Thom●s Aquine 233. Thomas Persie 251. Thomas Grace 254. Thomas Muntacute. 257. Thomas Beket. 210.211.212 Thom●s Bargley 257. Thomas Broughton 268 Thomas G●rardine 268 Thomas Hawarde 273 Thomas Kneuet 273 Thomas Wolsey. 275 Thomas Fitzgaret. 283.284. Thomas Moor. 283 Thomas Gilby 284 Thomas Perss. 284. Thomas Warton. 287. Thomas Seymour. 288. Thomas Audley. 290. Thomiris. 45. Thruston. 207. Thrasibulus. 55.56 Thrasil● 140 Thrase subdued of Philip the year of the world .3619. made aprovince .102. overridden of Goths .128. spoiled .130. of Hums .137 again .151. invaded of Thelasius .170. invaded of Bulgares .162. Thracians founded. 11. Thuiscon. 13.14 Thoris. 30. Thurimacus 18. Thurismund 139 tuscans 21. Thubes. 173. Thuscus. 21.35. Thyestes. 29. Thyrenus. 27 Tiberinus. 30. Tiberius' 87.90. emp. 90. 9● 93.94.95. Tiberius' emp. 152.153 Tigranes. 81. Tigur. 81. Timolaus. 128. Timoleon. 60.61 tindal. 280.283 Tissamenus. 31. Tissaphernes. 54. Titus Uinidius. 98. Titus .101.102. emp 103 Tobias bis. 105. Tolwin. 285 Tomset. 141. Tongader. 227. Tonstall. 276 Tono● Concoleros. 37 Torquatus 59 Toston. 195.196 Totilas. 148.149 trajan emp. 105.106. Traherne. 123. Trapezun●●us 250. Transamundus. 143. Transemund of Lumbard●e. 168. Tribellius. 104.111. Trebell●o. 165. Trebonius 85. Trenovant. 52. Treptolemus 26. Trevers. 17. Tribunes. 5●● Triton. 13.14. T●iphon. 74.76. Trole. 26. Troia. 31. Troiphas. 25. Troilus. 31. Tro●. 28. Tubal. 7. Tubalcayn. ibidem. Tulcan. 101. Tulga. 1●9. Tulla. 45. Tullus Hostilius. 41.42. Tumpe●●. 163. Turney. 273 Turpaneus. 163. Turk's first invaded Asia .170. slain of Fulco .205. of ●aldwine .207. invaded of Lewis the french king .207 208. vanquished of Tanberlanis .250. at Taurinum 262. in walachie .296. at Uienna .281. their kingdom beginneth .230. Turnus. 31. Tuthemosi●. 23. Tybernius Siluiu●. 35. Typhon. 21 Tyridates 98.100. Tyrimas. 39 Tyr●●us. 39 Tyrus. 14 Tyrum. 14 U. VAdematu●. 126. Uadian. 276 Uagorus. 68 Ualamir. 141 Ualen● bis. 110 Ualens emp. 128.129.130 Valentinian. 108. Ualen inian emp. 128.129. U●lentinian the younger emp. 129.130.131. Valentinian emp. 135.137.139.140. Ualerian. 117. Ualetius. 60.119 Ualetius Gra●●●. 92.93. Ualla. 259. Uallia. 134 Uandales. 132.133. Uandalus. 22. U●●hres. 44 Uaru●. 90.92. Uaschi. 50 Uec●aris. 162 U●cter●cus. 154. Uenceslaus. 224. Nenceslaus the ii of Boheme 227.231. wenceslaus of Hung. 231. U●●●●sla●● o● Boh●me 243. Ue●c●●laus o● Boheme emp. 246.251. Uenece builded. 139. Venetians vanquished of Pipine .174. of Saracens .177 of Genewa●● .241.246. of Sfortia .261. Uenetia●s ●arre. 271 U●n●id●us. 89. Uerbenu●. 28. U●remun●e. 171.172.187. U●r●anus. 133. Verone restored to the emp. 220. taken of the Ten●cians 252. of Nicolas Pi●eni .259. recovered by Maxim. 272. Uertina. 141. Uesores. 10. Uespatian. 97.100. emp. 161▪ 101.102.103. Uesta. 10. Uesuu●u●. 103 Uetiliu●. 75 Uffa. 143. Ugnerus. 168 Ui●ge in Africa. 248 Uib●anus Crispus. 103. Uibius Gallus. 117 Uictorinus. 109. 1●8 Victor. 111.112.195.199. Uictorinu● Rhetor. 226. Uid●●. 280. U●en●●. 281 Uigenius. 67. Uigilius. 146. Uindex. 101. Uirg●ll. 87. Uirginius. 51 Uincent. 222. 〈◊〉. 75.76. Uit●lis Michael ●09. Ui●ell●anu●. 144 Ui●elliu●. 96. 1●1. Uitigi●. 147. Ui●●za. 164. Uines. 280. Uladislaus. 210.260.269. Ulis●●ue. 281. Uli●●●●. ●1. Unidi●. 150. Uoada. 100 Uodici●. 103. Uologeses. 98.109. Uolumnus. 65. ●olusianus. 117 Uonones. 92. Uortiger. 137.138. ●40. 141 Uortimer. 140. Uor●●porius. 148. Uortumnus. 17. Ur●xanes. 1●9. Uradislaus. 200.202. Urbane the ii bis. 200.201. Urbane the iii bis. 213. Urbane the four 224. Urbane the .v. 242.243. Urbane the vi 245.247. Urbanus Rhegin●. 280. Urbanus. 280. Urbinia. 50. U●●●olu●. 191 Uria. 39 Urianus. 76. Ursinus. 280. Ursula. 130. Ussune●●an. 266. U●er. 138.142, 143. W. VUallia. 134. Wallop. 288. Wat●● Tyler. 140. Wayvoda. 270.281. Walter of many. 239. Wars of Peloponese. 52. Wars of Syracus. 53 War social. 59 Welles. 163 Weston. 283. We●shem 163. Welshmen subdued. 171. White sect. 250. With●om. 170. Wilson 285. Wisigothes. 132. W●teliffe. 243 Writhosley. 290. Wido. 181.182.184. Wool first used. 7. Wolf. 282. William. 183. William the ii of Norman. 184. William bastard of Norm. 193.195. conquered Eagle. 197. king of Eng. 197.198.199.200. William Rufus. 200.201. William son of ●en. Duke of Form. 204. Wyll●●m son of Robert ●urteis. 205. William of Sicily. 209.210 213. William. Scot●e. 210.211 William of Gouc. 217. Will●am of Holland. 221 Wylhelmns Placeoti. 227. Wylli●m Morton. 227. William Walace. 230.231. William Douglas. 240. Wyllian Walworth. 246. Wyllian Wayn●let. 261 William bis. of Lincoln. 272 William Bulmer. 273. William ●hy●gleton. 231.283. Wylliem Tr●●y. 28 Wyll●●m T●ndale. 283. Wylli●m L●ml●y. 284 Wyledome. 2●8. X. XAn●●pp●●. 97. Xenophanes. ●6. Xenophon. 57 Xexes. 19.49.53. Xistus. 107. Y. York. ●4. Z. ZAcharias. 36.47. Zacharia. 38. Zacharias bis. 105.168 169. Zaleu●us. 42. Zambaces. 242. Zarach. 35. Zara. 30. Zasius. 276 Zate●. 100LS. Zebenn● 118.119. Zenes. 27. Zenobia. 219 Zenon. 93. Zenon emp. 141.142.143 Zensa. 259 Zepherinus. 112. Zeusippus. ●1. Zetus. 27.28. Zieglerus. 280. Zizimus. 267. Zoen. 19●. 194 Zorobabel. 46▪ Zopirus. 47. Zozimus. 134. Zuinglius. 276.280.281. Zulemon. 169 Zwentebaldus. 181. FINIS. ¶ Thus endeth the table made for the speedy finding out of any name or other thing that ye would seek for. in this Epitome of Chronicles, by the numbered of the leaf, and in as many places we●●er●, as any man is spoken of: is the intent that ye should not spend much time in searching out it that you desire to know. ¶ Of the use and profit of histories, and with what judgement they ought to be red. ALBEIT FOR MANY CAUSES (which we shall hereafter recite) the reading of histories doth indifferently avail all men, yet most specially it pertaineth to kings and great princes, whose book it may be worthily called, because that the knowledge thereof is most profitable and necessary to all those, which have the governance of common weals. For not only the histories of the Gentiles, but also of the holy scriptures, do in every place make mention of them. The holy scriptures, besides that they make us certain of the will and word of God, and also of the spiritual kingdom of christ, teach us polyticall administration, and set forth many notable examples, which in ruling a public weal be necessary to be known, and whereby the minds of princes may be styerred to the study of true nobility and virtue. The histories of the gentiles declare the original and beginning of great empires, and for what causes there hath chanced in them so great and so strange alterations & grievous commotions. In the same is also contained precepts of offices and virtues, whereby the common weals may most prosperously be preserved, continued and advanced. And for this cause histories are most worthy to be called the books of good princes and noble men. Now, forasmuch as unto every prince there belongeth a double virtue, that is, a political or external, and a faith and fear toward god, examples of them both be showed to us out of histories. Therefore we will first speak of civil virtues. Princes, yea and all other, that have authority in great affairs and high matters, ought those examples and acts chyefelye to consider, whereby they may be admonished, by what means they may most prosperously exercise themselves in the governance of the weal public. They must set before their eyes the examples of good kings and rulers, and of them must they learn the necessary duty and the upright trade of governing their empyers, that in their reigns, besides the utility and benefit of the public weal, they regarded nothing▪ that justice and equity they only embraced, that all misdemeanours and offences they grievously punished: and again, that towards good men and pecible they were always beneficial and gentle, that for every cause they would not raise up wars, but by wynkinge at injuries, retain peace, and yet in defence of their royalmes, were never the less of an invincible courage and ready will: finally that by their wisdom, power, and strength, that defended their dominions from all outward hostility, and the same in true religion, wealth, quietness, and in all necessary arts made to flourish. In all which qualities our most excellent & gracious prince Henrye the eight, hath excelled, and is an example to them all which shall succeed. For in him alone is coniested and heaped all the sundry good qualities of the ancient kings, by which they obtained so great renome. Which qualities he hath so practised in the governance of his realm, That I suppose there never was in any common weal, any noble prince and governor which hath declared more examples of wisdom, or showed more benefits and pleasures to his country than his grace hath. But to the purpose. For the contrary part. ¶ In the examples of tyrants they may observe divers things: as, The end of them to be miserable▪ and that through their cruelty many mischiefs and dangerous commotions have chanced in their common weals As it appeareth how Pharaoh for tyranny perished, and for like cause the Roman kings were exiled. Princes have oftentimes destroyed one the other, only for pride, disdain and envy, and that many times begun upon nothing. Even as it was the only cause of the cruel wars between Cesar and Pompey. The Roman histories show, that the desire of novelty hath oft been the stirer of most grievous wars. And the sect and reign of Machomet had none other beginning but of heresy and dissension of the articles of the faith. It availeth them much that be in authority, to mark these things in the reading of histories▪ that they learn to beware, foresee, and avoid like things in their governance. For the same chances daily happen, all be it the persons now and than be changed in the common weals, ne verthelesse as pertaining to the similitude of business and trouble, the world remaineth the world, and like unto itself. Therefore most truly Thucydides (who was a man excellent in the knowledge of warfare, and also wrote the great and long war, and other sundry thyges, which chanced among the Greeks) saith, histories be a treasure, which ought never to be out of our hands, that thereby being aided, we may the more commodiously handle such business and like chances in the common weal, for as much as the causes often times chance almost like. ¶ Furthermore there be axaumples found in histories, convenient for every man privately in his degree, as magistrates ought to be obeyed, and that they never escaped unpunished, which have rebelled against them, even as Dathan, Absalon, Catiline, Brutus, Cassus, and such like for their sedition have been worthily punished. Of the fidelity of friends, as jonathas saved the life of king david. Of the punishment for homicide, adultery, and such like offences, as it appeareth by the example of David. But what shall need many words. Even as in every art patterns be given to follow: likewise in histories be painted before our eyes examples of all kinds of virtues. But yet in examples and deeds it is more evidently perceived, what the dignity of virtue, and again, what the baseness of dyshonestee and vices be, than in bare precepts, because that examples, set as images before us, do not only openly teach, but also both warn and stir our minds, so that thereby with a certain delight and desire they be kindled towards virtue and honesty. For who in heart can be so stubborn and hard, that will not be moved, if he read any thing notable, that is either worthy praise, or else examples utterly to be abhorred I have showed briefly how in reading of histories examples of political virtues and civil affairs ought to be observed, Now it pertaineth to a true christian man. (who above all things ought to esteem godliness, to know, that he may gather also out of hysteryes, examples of faith and fear of god: For these be the special virtues of good men, which in the sight of god be most available. All be it that the histories of the gentiles do not teach, that god careth or hath ought to do with us: yet a godly mind nevertheless shall consider, that the public weals in the world be conserved by the power of god, and that is the work of god to punish and revenge all oppression, and violence, ye and that unto the heathen God giveth excellent qualities. For princes can not preserve their empyers against the assaults of Satan, without the singular benefit of god, and the aid of their own virtue and wisdom. And so by this manner a good man may well suppose, that these acts and punishments be the w●rkes of god, and thereby may learn the fear of god. As that tyrants have been grievously punished according to this sentence: He that taketh the sword, that is, which without authority usurpeth the right of revenging, he shall perish by the sword. contrariwise, it is evident, that good princes be preserved and defended by god, and that also the ethnics did well perceive, in that their princes had great affiance in the help of their gods. For Homer the poet saith: God casteth his sh●elde in the battle, to defend the princes, He feigneth also every prince to be under the protection of his god, as it appeareth by the goddess Pallas, which always was present with Achilles. But this thing is more plainly expressed in the histories of the holy scripture, as in Noah, Abraham, Moses, david, Ezechias, and the other princes and kings, whom god always preserved. And their examples be set before the eyes of all other princes, that they may certainly know, that in like manner god will defend all good kings. For this difference is between the holy and profane histories, that in them be showed the testimonies of the works of god, and the which do not only entreat of civil matters, but chief do represent unto us the kingdom of god, that god giveth his word, that of his mercy he will save us, where in the histories of the gentiles be ignorant. Therefore principally the histories of the holy scripture ought to be known to all christian men, that thereby they may learn the doctrine and stablishement of faith. ¶ first how all things were created of god, what was the original of sin, that against sin Christ instituted his kingdom, gave his word, and that he should come to take away sin, and save us. Also how god, when he had given his word, preserved always the reign of christ, and that the reign of Christ, that is, the true believers from the beginning of the world, walked under the cross, and nevertheless were pre served. That Satan with all the power of the world assaulted the word of god. Moreover, that God marvelously performed his promise above the opinion and capacity of man's wit. Also that examples both of horrible vengeance, and also of grace and forgiveness be showed to us of God, So unto king David and other chanced remission of sins, that by their examples we might be comforted and believe, that god will forgive. Neither this is to be neglected that for the confirmation of our minds, God hath given us all sorts of prophecies of external kingdoms, that by the fulfillying of them, we may have a testimony that our word is of god, neither that any other faith than ours, is true. And that we may be admonished by them, when Christ ought to come, and when the consummation of the world shall be. Finally, for the right understanding the prophecies, it shall be very expedient to know the success and alteration of the monarchies and kingdoms, with the computation and number of the years, which be in the histories of the Gentiles exactly set foorth●● the knowledge whereof, even for this cause is necessary for Christians, that they may the better understand the prophecies, and of th●y● the more certainly judge. Certes every man may by these things esteem, what pleasure and profit is gathered in reading of histories, and the fruitful commodity thereof ought worthily to stir and compel every man to know them. ¶ Of the original beginning of man, after the false opinion of the Ethnic philosopher. THe phisosophyer of ancient time (who without knowledge of the very true godhead, many hundred years gone, have set out histories in writing) were of divers opinions, concerning the original beginning of man. Forsome of them believed the world to have been a thing uncreated, that is to say, without beginning: and incorruptible, that is, never to have end: and likewise mankind to have been of eternal continuance. Other some of them were of opinion, that the world was created and corruptible, and avouched, that man took the beginning of generation by succession of time. For their imagination was, that at the first beginning of things▪ both the sky and the earth bade one sole sourme and shape, the nature of the one with the other intermingled, and in process, the same bodies dissevered, the universal world to have received this order which we see at this present. And first the air to have found the same continual moving, and the fiery part thereof, by reason of lightness, to have mounted to the highest places, the Son, and other stars, of the same cause to have gotten their courses, and what was mingled with moisture, still to have remained in the first place, by reason it was heavy, and could not rise, which inferior things, being mixed or heaped together by commixtion, the sea to have been produced of the moist or lyquyde things, and of the harder stuff or matter▪ the earth in conclusion to have remained clammy and nesh. When this earth, at the first beginning, was through the fervent heat of the son settled and grown to a thick and more massy substance, than the uppermost parts of the same within a short space, by the power of the heat swelled into little bunches, and certain humours in many sundry places gathered and congealed together by itself, in which humours did arise certain corruptions of rottenness, covered throughout with a little thin scum or cream, like as it chanceth in the marshes of egypt, and in dead standing pools, when the fervent heat of the air doth suddenly parch the cold earth, than when the heat cometh to moist things, anon is wrought generation, by reason that in the night time, the air round about environeth it with humour, which in the day is by the virtue of the son made hard. After certain space of time, the said putryfactyons being brought to their uttermost extent (approaching as it were the time of deliverance) as soon as the said scummes or creates were thoroughly dried and broken, they brought forth the shapes of all kinds of living things Whereof such as had by chance received more heat, being made apt to flight●▪ ●unted up in to the air: such as had remaining in them more of the earth, became, some of them creepers on the ground, and some of them other beasts of the earth, such as happened to have a watryshe nature, were carried into the element of their proper kind, and were named fishes. Than the earth after this, partly with the parching heat of the son, and partly with the winds waring still drier and drier, surcessed bringing forth beasts of any great quantity, but those that were already engendered, brought forth others, each of his own kind, through mutual commirtion and engendering one with an other. And in the very self same wise, they say, that man also was at the first beginning produced, and that he, seeking his food in the wild fields, long time lived a salvage and rude life, as unto whom only the fruit of the grass and of the tries did of itself minister sustenance. They say furthermore, that the other wild beasts were noyefull unto men, which beasts to withstand, they assembled them in companies and for fear of the said beasts, for a common utility, and that mutual aid and succour might be ministered by one to an other, they sought out places where to inhabit. And where the sown of their mouth was such as might not be understand, they made a distinction of one word from an other by little and little, and called each thing by a several name. Albeit for as much as they were placed in sundry corners or regions of the world, they used not all no manner words or speech: and therefore there was (say those philosophers) sundry forms and fashions of letters. And the companiss of men first essembled, they report, to have been the first progenitors, every company of his own nation, but the first men, having no manner stay of help or succour, lived an hard life, because they had no knowledge nor provision to save and lay up the fruits of the fields to occupy afterwards in time of need. And hereof it chanced, that in the winter season very many, either by famine, or else by reason of cold perished. In process of time, being well taught by experience, they both sought out caves to lie in, for avoiding and defending the extreme sharpness of co●de, and also began to keep fruits in store. After this 〈◊〉 knowledge of fire, and of other things for man's use necessary perceived and learned, the other commodities of man's life were in short space found out. Finally necessity being made the schol● masters of things, ministered unto the wits of every singular person, cunning and expert practising: and unto them were also given to adiutours to help them, hands, speech or communication, and excellency of mind. And those phylosophiers, which were thoroughly persuaded, that this was the original beginning of man, and did not refer the same to the pro●ydence of god, avouched, that the Ethiopes were the first men of all that ever were, following this conjecture, that the soil of Ethiopia began before all other parts of the earth to increase in warmethe, by reason that the son is nearest to it, where as the earth was of itself all da●kyshe and moist, whereby it happened, that of the same first proportion attempring of moisture and heat, man was engendered, and that the same man after his procreation, did with better will and apytyte hold himself in that part of the earth, where it happened him to be procreate, than to seek any other, for as much as all things were unto him as yet unoknwen. ¶ Other there be, which suppose the Scythians to be the first people of the world, and that between them and the Egyptians was long contention, whether nation was of more antiquity. The Egyptians alleging for them that in the beginning of all things, when that some contraries by the fervent heat of the son were ●u●n parched and burned, other again by extreme cold were frozen, so that it could not engender men, nor yet receive nor sustain inhabitants, before that garments were invented to save the body from the violence of cold and heat, and ill places by remedy mollified: Egypt always to have been so temperate, that neither the winter cold, nor the summer heat might grieve her inhabitants, the ground being moreover so fruitful, that there is no land so fertile of nouryshmentes for man's use. Therefore by reason it seemeth, that there men should first engender, where they might most easily be nourished. ¶ On the other part, the Scithyans supposed the temperateness of the air to be no argument of antiquity. For nature, when she divided cold and heat into regions, forthwith engendered creatures apt to suffer the qualities of the places, yea and trees, fruits, and herbs according to the disposition of the regions. And how much more sharper the air is to the Scythians, than to the Aegypcians, so much the harder be they of body and wit. Moreover, if the world, which now is divided into elements, hath been confused all in one, either the water in the beginning sourrounding all things, or else the fire, which also engendered the world, possessing it, the Scythians in the original of both beginnings were the more ancient. For if the fire first possessed all things, which by little and little quenched, gave place to the earth, there was no place so soon dissevered from the fire, by the cold of winter, as the north, in so much as now there is no land so vehement cold. Egypt, and all the east was very long, ere they were temperate, because that now they be even seared with the fervent heat of the son, Or if all the earth at the first was covered with waters, certes the highest parts, the water's assuaging, were first discovered, and in the lowest grounds did longest abide, and the sooner that every part of the earth was dry, so much the sooner began it to bring forth living creatures. But Sc●thia is so high over all other countries, that all waters seem there to spring and fall into the great mere Meotis, from whence it runneth into the seas of Pontus and Egypt. Which Egypt (of long time hath been defended with the cares and charges of so many kings, fortified with so great banks against the violence of waters, trenched out with so many dyches, that where the water is kept out in one place, it may be received in another, could not be inhabited, unless Nilus were held out) can not seem to be of any antitiquitie, but rather appeareth to be a la●e country, either by the heapynges of kings, or else by the casting up of the mud of Nilus. By these arguments the Egyptians being overcome, the Scithya is alway have been reputed the more ancient people among the gentiles. But now I will leave to write of the vain fantasy of the ethnics, which I have here set forth, to the intent, that the readers may perceive the blind judgement of them, which without the knowledge of god and his scriptures, would define the original of man. And here consequently I will begin my first book, with the creation of man, according as it is set forth in the holy scriptures, the authority and certayntee whereof is most sure: which I will continue until the time of Abraham: during which time the world stood without prescript administration or certain law, but only was led by the law of nature. For in this history I shall use this order, and shall divide my book into three ages, of the which the first shall contain those things that were done between the time of Adam and Abraham: the second from Abraham unto the coming of Christ, and the third from the incarnation of Christ unto this present time. ¶ The first part of Lanquettes' Chronicle. THE holy scriptures do show, that when the heaven, the earth, and all the furnytures thereof were created, on the sixth day Adam, the most excellent of all creatures, was by God almighty made of the slime of the earth, who breathed into him the breath of life, and the soul, whereby he was made like unto the image of god. The year of the world 1 The year before Christ 3682 Unto this most perfect man, god gave such grace, that without any instructions, but only with the indowmentes of his original righteousness, he was foorthewyth perfectly seen and learned in all the liberal arts: He was inspired also with the knowledge of the natures of all herbs, trees, metals, stones, birds, beasts, fishes, worms, and all other creatures. Moreover, unto him God gave power over all things, that were on the earth, and in the sea, so that unto all beasts, fowls, fishes, and worms, Adam did give a proper and a convenient name, according to the natures of them, even as they be called at this day. Than was he brought by the almighty lord into the pleasant place of paradise, replenished with all pleasure. The felicity of which place S. Augustine doth in this wise describe: Man lived in paradise as he would, how long he willed that which God commanded, he lived having the fruition of god by which goodness he was good: he lived without any necessity, being in his power so always to have lived. Meat was ready, that he should not hunger: drink, that he would not thirst: the wood of life, that age should not dissolve him. In his flesh was perfect health, in his mind no less tranquillytie. As in paradise is neither heat, ne cold, so in his inhabitants is no offence of good will, nothing at all sorrowful, nothing vainly glad. The true joy was continued by God, toward whom out of a pure heart issued charity, concord of mind, watching of the body, and without any labour, the custody of the commandment. There he might occupy himself, not for any necessity, but only for recreation. Where he received 〈…〉, that of all the trees in paradise he 〈…〉 eat, so that he abstained from the tree of the knowledge of good & evil. Th● God perceiving that as yet there was no creature made like unto a man, which might be an helper and companion unto him, he forth with caste Adam into a slumber, and took a rib out of his side, filling the place with flesh, whereof he made the woman, and brought her unto him, whom when Adam saw, he said. This is now bone of my bones, and flesh of my flesh, she shallbe called woman, because she is taken out of the man, where fore man shall forsake his father and mother, and shall clean unto his wife, and they shallbe two in one flesh. The lord blessed the m and said. Increase and multiply, and fill the earth, and subdue it▪ and be ye lord over the fishes in the see, the fowls of the air, and all beasts that move on the earth. But man, when he was in this high felicity, could not perceive it, for through the craft of the envious serpent (which a little before for his outrageous pride was driven out of heaven) and the provocatyon of the woman, he transgressed the commandment given to him by god, wherefore they were driven out of paradise, and made subject to death sin, and all kinds of misery, for the earth was restreygned, that it should no more bring forth fruits of itself, but by sweat and painful labours they should lead their lives. Than came sickness upon them, and heat and could began to assail their tender bodies. For when they began to sin, god did open the power of Satan, and against him, of the seed of the woman, he promised that Christ should come and destroy the power of Satan, and deliver us free from death and sin. This was the first declaration of the gospel, which began the kingdom of Christ and the Church. And so Adam and Eva took comfort of the promise of christ, and of these two persons the church began. ¶ After that they were thus exiled out of paradise, the holy scriptures do testify, that they brought forth children, and that Cayn was their first begotten, and after many other, Abel. These two brethren were the founders of two contrary cities, Babel and Jerusalem: by the one is understand confusion, and by the other the vision of peace. Their father taught them to fear god, and worship him with sacrifices, Cain was of an unhappy disposition, given unto all vices, and was the first that tilled the earth he offered always the most vile things unto god. Abel the younger, was of contrary conditions: he gave himself to virtue, and in all things that he went about, he thought god to be present, his occupation was in keeping of beasts, and gave unto god the best of all things. For in their sacrifices his offering, with fire descending from heaven, was forthwith consumed, but his brothers remained untouched. Wherefore cain (perceiving that his brother was of God preferred before him) with malice, and disdain thereat stirred, slew him. In this history is declared the anger and fury of the devil, and also the infirmity and weakness of man, besides the grievous and earnest sentences of the judgement of God, and of the terrible vengeance of god for the effusion of blood, which were to long to recite in this place. ¶ After that Cain, the first murderer, fled from his father, he builded the first city in the orient, and named it Enoch, after the name of his first son. His children invented all kinds of crafts and sciences. Finally he was punished for the murder that he committed, and perished by such a kind of death. ¶ jubal, the son of Lamech by Ada his wife, first made the portatyne tents, for to feed his cattle, & ordered his flocks, dissevering the sheep from the goats, and found out the certain time when the rams should be put to the ewes, and taught it other. ¶ Tubal, his brother, a man of singular wit, invented the science of music, by the strokes and noise of the hammers of his brother Tubalcayn, which was a smith. For delighting in the sound of the hammers, by the weight of them, he perceived the proportions and tunes, that the hammers gave, and thereby devised the principles of music. ¶ Tubalcayn their brother, and son of Lamech by his other wife Sela, first invented the finding out of metal, and the working thereof. ¶ Noema also found out the use of wool, with the carding, spinning, and weaving thereof. ¶ After the death of Abel, and exile of Cayn, Adam, when he was an. C.xxx. years of age, The year of the world 131 The year before Christ 3831 begat Seth, who gave himself to virtue, and to increase and set forth the glory of god. Of this Seth the holy fathers were begotten, whose posterity continued, but the posterity of Cain was destroyed in the universal flood. josephus writeth, that Adam and Seth made two columns or pillours, one of brass, the other of stone (for they foreseeing an extermination of all things to be, one by the power of fire, the other by the violence and greatness of the waters) graved therein those things, which they had invented with the prophecies, by the which the woor●e of God might be preserved, so that they should remain as a perpetual mounment to their successors, to declare what had been done. He writeth furthermore, that they divided the year into xii months, and first observed and taught the course of the celestial bodies. For it is unpossible, that man's wit could attain to the understanding of so high and diffycile things, except god had showed the knowledge thereof. ¶ Seth, in the .105. year of his life, begat Enos. He began to call upon the name of the lord. The year of the world 136 The year before Christ 3727 What of this? Did not his father and grandfather call upon the lord? Was there ever any just man, that called not upon him? Wherefore that was that properly attributed to him only, which is common to all good men? Because (after S. augustine) there ought to be understand in Enos the fellowship of godly men, because he lived not after the power of the worldly felicity, but according to the will of god. ¶ Caynan was borne in the .91. year of the life of his father Enos, The year of the world 326 The year before Christ 3637 he is the fourth in order of the fathers from Adam▪ in the genealogy of the righteous men, but begotten in the third generation. For in the first generation Seth was borne, in the second Enos, in the chyrde Caynan: in the forth Malalehell: in the fift Jared: in the sixth Enoch: in the seventh Mathusalem: in the eight Lamech, and in the ninth was Noah borne, who is the tenth to Adam. For properly (according to the mind of. S. Augustine, the begynnng of Adam was no generation, but a formation: Nevertheless the plasmation of Adam is reckoned among the generations, where he is accounted in the first. Seth in the second, and so consequently, which manner is more used. ¶ In the, 70. year of his life, Caynan begat Malalehell, The year of the world 379 The year before Christ 3567 That which Macrobius doth only a tribute unto the egyptians should have been more better attributed to the hebrews. Among whom there was always a certain course of the year, which by the circuitie of the same was observed. The year was than of xii months, as it is now: the month contained that time, as it doth now, the hole course of the moon, the day likewise of xxiiii hours, whereby worthily is refused the errors of them, which would the years of that age to be ten times shorter than they be now. which the holy icrypture testifieth to he false. The flood began in the vi C. year of the life of Noah, in the xvii day of the second month, and cessed the twenty day of the same month, in the year following, in which place the xi month is read. Whereby it appeareth, that there was no fewer months in a year, than there be now. And as they lived than much loneger than we do now: so it is plain, that they had far greater bodies than we have now. Sayncte augustine writeth, that he himself saw in Utica, the thick to the of a man, of so exceeding greatness, that it might well have made a hundred of our teeth. And there he allegeth the sentence of Pliny, that the longer that time passeth, the lesser bodies shall be engendered. ¶ Malalehell, in the .lxv. year of his life, begat Jared. The year of the world 461 The year before Christ 3502 It hath been of long time in question, whether the fathers of this ancient time were so long without children, until they were borne which be named in the genealogy, when that the writer of this holy history intended to come to the birth and life of Noah, noting the time by succession of generations, he only recited those, from whom Noah was lineally descended. ¶ Jared, in the .262. year of his age, begat Enoche. There were two Enoches', one the first son of Cayn, The year of the world 623 The year before Christ 3340 the other the seventh in the line of the just men. By the name of the yrste, a city was builded in the earth. The holiness of the later doth appear in that it is written, that he hath walked with god, and that he hath prophesied of the times to come. The year of the world 688 The year before Christ 3275 ¶ In the. 6●. years of his life Enoch begat Mathusalem, the scripture doth recite, he was of longest life, prefygurating the eight time of resurrection which shall begin in the last day, and never after have end. ¶ Eathusalem in the .187. year of his life begat Lamech, The year of the world 875 The year before Christ after whose birth he lived .782. years, and died in the year of the flood. He was borne in that time, when that wickedness and malice began to abound upon the earth, not only amongst the children of Cain, but also among those which were called the children of the godly. This Lamech was not only a just man, but also a prophet, when he said, he shall comfort us. ¶ Adam our first father deceased, when he was .930. year of age. The year of the world 930 The year before Christ 3033 ¶ Enoch in this season was by god taken up into heaven▪ which deed doth manifest unto us the immortality that remaineth after this life, The year of the world 987 The year before Christ 2976 and that God will judge the world, who will save those that be righteous, and damn them that be wicked. The year of the world 1057 The year before Christ 9062 ¶ Lamech, when he had lived .182. years, begat Noah, saying. This shall comfort us from the works and labours of our hands in the earth, which the lord hath cursed. ¶ Noah, when he was .500. years of age, begat Sem, Cham, The year of the world 1556 The year before Christ 2404 and japher, not that they were borne all at one time, but that before the five hundred year of his age he had begot none of them. After the recital of the birth of the sons of Noah, forthwith the holy scripture declareth the occasion of the flood, because the world began to wax wicked: and there is rehearsed among the chief of their vices, the contempt of god, adultery, and cruelty, in the which they exercised all kinds of voluptye and pleasure. For thus the text hath: when that men began to multiply upon the earth, and brought forth daughters, the children of god, saying the daughters of men to be fair, took them to their wives. The holy scripture calleth the children of god, all those which descended from Seth, and the children of men those, which issued from Cain. For Adam commanded, that the children of Seth should in no wise couple with the children of Cain: which long time was observed, till that the zeal and love of virtue decayed. God thereby perceiving, that the wickedness of man was great upon the earth, repented that he had made man, not that there is any such passion in god, but that the scripture so speaketh to us after a familiar and worldly manner: and therefore threatened a destruction to the world by a blood, and would therefore Noah to declare this .120. years before it should come. In the mean time he commanded him, that he should build an ark, that should contain in length .300. cubits, which after the exposition of Hugo and S. Augustine, were .300. perches, every cubit geometrical being six common cubits: in wideness it was l perches, and in deepness, from the upper deck to the bottom xxx perches, and the roof over it in height one perch. This ark was not by man's power brought into the sea, but by the course of the waters, rising up, it was borne away, and rather by the divine providence, than by man's policy, it was governed from renewing to wreck. Noah began to build this in the .523. year of his life, before the flood, as Berosus witnesseth, 78. years. In the vi C. year, the second month, the lord said unto Noah, that after seven days this deluge should fall, in which space he brought into the ark, his stuff, provision, and all other things necessary for him. Whereat every man laughed, and took him as one mad, that dreamt of such a flood. But finally (as it is written in the gospel) they were eating and drinking, they married and were married, even unto the day that Noah entered the ark, and would not know it until the deluge came, and destroyed them all. Not that it was unknown unto them but that they despised to believe it. For Noah showed it to them as well in word as in deed. Also the building of the ark was a certain declaration thereof, but they were without faith and fear of God, for which cause they were worthily punished. Thus the time passing, the .17. day of the second month. Noah with his wife, and three sons, and their wives entered the ark. And behold, suddenly there came together unto him beasts of all kinds, not brought thither by man, but even by the miracle of god. Neither did Noah take them, but suffered them as they came to enter, ne there came any more than of unclean beasts two, a male and a female, of clean beasts seven, four males and three females, of the which one male was reserved for sacrifice after the flood, the residue were kept for generation. The year of the world The year before Christ 2307 ¶ Thus they being entered, the lord shut the door of the ark, and incontinent the springs of the sea burst out, the windows of heaven opened, the rain fell continually xl days, and xl nights, the waters swelled and rose above all mountains xu cubits. All living creatures died, except fish, and such as might endure in the bowels of the earth. The waters increased, a. Cl. days, and on the xvii day of Octobre, the ark stack upon the mountains of Armeny. The last day of janiver Noah opened a window, and put forth a crow, which straightways returned. After seven days he put forth a dove, which came again at night, bringing a branch of Olive with green leaves: Nevertheless he tarried seven other days, and put forth the dove again, which never returned. Yet would he not issue out, but remained for the commandment of the lord, who commanded him, not to go forth before the xvii day of the second month: whereby it appeareth, that he remained a just year in the ark. ¶ Berosus the Caldei maketh mention of this flood in this manner: Before the famous deluge of waters, whereby the hole world perished, there preceded many years, which of our Caldians were faithfully observed. They writ, that about Libanum was a great city of giants called Enoch, who were lords of the world from the rising of the son till the son set. They trusting in the hugeness and strength of their bodies, with armure that they had invented, oppressed all men. They devised tenses, musical instruments, and all delycacyes: they fed with man's flesh, and companied commonly with their mothers, daughters, sisters, men, and beasts: there was no wickedness, which they omitted. Then many prophesied and preached, that a destruction should come, which they did write in stones, but they scorned all things: There was one of these giants, wiser than all the other in Syria, whose name was Noa: he with his three sons Samo, japeto, Chem, and their wives Titea, Pandora, Noela, and Noegla, fearing this destruction, which he perceived by the stars, began to make a ship in fashion of an ark .78. years before the flood. In the same year that the ship was finished, sodeinli the ocean swelled, and all the seas, bloods, and springs, rose above the mountains, with continual rain that fell from the heavens, whereby all mankind perished, except Noa with his family, who were saved in the ship, which the waters bore up to the tops of the mountain Cordie●, wherein my time remained part thereof. These be the words of Berosus, who with his Chaldeans are deceived in this, that they think No to foresee the flood by the stars, and not by the divine revelation. ☞ When Noah had continued a year in the ark▪ the waters being assuaged, and the earth dried, god commanded him to come forth, unto whom incontinent he builded an aultare, and offered of beasts and birds a delectable sacrifice. Then god instituted as it were a new world again. first of all, he gave his word, by the which he promised, that he would no more destroy the world with water: and for the confirmation thereof, he gave the rain bow for a sure token between him and man. For in that bow is expressed both the colours of water and fire, the one part being blue, the other red, that it might be a witness of both the judgements, the one past, the other to come: Also he granted liberty to eat flesh, which the holy fathers before the flood never used. Moreover, god gave a new precept for the administration of external things, and commanded more plainly, that whosoever shed man's blood, his blood should be spilled again of them, to whom it was lawfully committed, that is by the magistrates and rulers, for man is made to the similitude of god. This No faithful unto god, and an other father unto mankind, having in the space of .100. years his issue wonderfully increased, being also thoroughly learned in the knowledge of divine and human things, in the revolution of times, in the histories of the world passed, but most specially in justice and religion, divided the world into three parts, which he himself in the residue of his life peragrated, leaving in all places perpetual monuments both of his virtue, and also of his empire. He invented also the use of wine, with which he was made drunk, so that he lay unhonestly discovered. Who being seen of Cham, the father of Canaan, was of him scorned, and in derision brought his two brethren to behold this sight: but they, moved with shamefastness and honesty, covered their fathers membres, and would not see them. The which when Noah perceived, he blessed them, but Cham he would not curse, because the lord blessed him: therefore he cursed Chanaan his nephew, the son of Cham: who, as some suppose, derided also his grandfather. He lived after the flood .350. year, and for his sundry benefits, showed unto all nations, they gave unto him divers names: among the which these as the most famous, be celebrated: Noah, Ogyges, Fenix, Uranos, Coelus, Sol, Protheus, janus, Geminus, junonius, Quirinus, Patulcius, Bacchus, Uortumnus, Chaos, Ileton. Seed of the world, and father of all gods, and princes. The Italians, after his disease dedicated to him, by the name of Uortumnus, a temple, and worshipped him with divine honours and ceremonies. And also his wife Uesta, for her great prudence and benefits, o bteyned these names: Earth, Opis, Aretia, Uesta, Cybeles', the great mother of the God's, who taught the maidens to keep the holy fire, whereof arose the error and ceremonies of the virgin's Uestales. The residue of their acts shallbe declared in order, as they were done. ¶ After the universal flood, the world by the children of Noah, was shortly replenished with people. For god, or nature, never yet failed the necessity of things. Of them there arose many famous and mighty nations. Sem, the prince of Asia, called also Melchisedeth, a just and peaceable king, and priest of almighty god, from whom Christ liveally descended, possessed all Asia with his children. For of Elam came first the Persians: of Assur the Assyrians: of Arphaxat the Chaldeans: and of Aram the Syrians. ¶ Cham, the second son of Noah, prince of afric, called also Innuus, jucubus, Sylvanus, Pana, Saturn of Egypt, the raiser and spreader of the wickedness punished with the flood, inhabited the south part of the world, with his family. Of Canaan, came the Cananees, of Phuth the Libyans, of Mezraim the Egyptians, of Chus the Aethiopians, & of Saba the Arabians. japhet, prince of Europa, called also japetus Priscus, Dyris, Maurus, Athlas, received of his father Noah, for his portion, all the countries of Europe, from the Gades, called at this time the streictes of Marrock, unto the great river Tanais. Of him came these princes and nations: Comerus Gallus, who first reigned in Italy: Magog, of whom came the Scythians, and of them the Turks: Madaus, of whom sprang the Medes: of javan the Grecians, which were called jones: of Tubal the Spaniards: of Mosoch the Moscovites: and of Tyras the Thracians. I have briefly declared, what part of the world every of the sons of No inhabited, which to the understanding of many histories shall beenecessary. Sem, the son of Noah, The year of the world 1659. The year before Christ in the .100. year of his life begat Arphaxat two year after the flood. He first builded the city of Salem, called after Jerusalem. Of this Arphaxat came the Chaldeans. Arphaxat, when he was xxxv years of age, The year of the world 1694 The year before Christ begat Sale, who was father of the Indians. Sale, in the xxx year of his life, begat Heber, The year of the world 1724 The year before Christ and lived after that .403. years. In the house of Heber continued the language, that afore was commune to all men, which after was called Hebrew. ¶ Heber, in the .34. year of his life, The year of the world 1758 The year before Christ 2205 begat Phalech and jectan, and lived after that .430. years. Phalee is interpreted Division, because it chanced him to be borne in the time of the confusion of the tongues. ¶ Phalech, when he was xxx year of age, begat Reu, and lived after .209. years. The first year of the life of Reu was the first year of the reign of Nembroth in Babylon, The year of the world 1788 The year before Christ where he reigned lvi years. ¶ After the flood, mankind being increased, the city and tower of Babylon began to be builded among the Chaldeis. The year of the world 1757 The year before Christ 2206 For Nembroth, after he had by force brought his borderers under subjection, exhorted to his enterprise jectan, comen of the stock of Sem, and Suphue, one of the children of japhet. For by these three princes governance and fortune, the hole posterity of Noah was ruled. Nembroth was a man very bold and eloquent in tongue, and said: That the felicity of man ought not to be ascribed unto god, but that rather every man obtaineth it by his own industry. For which cause he persuaded the people to build an high tower, over the which the water should not arise, and that the top thereof should reach even to the heavens. The multitude were ready to fulill the commandments of Nembroth, esteeming the obeisance of god to be a grievous bondage, and builded the tower. But as soon as they began, God forthwith (as the holy scripture testifieth) by this mean dashed the pride of the builders. That where so many nations gathered together, which in number were lxx used but one language or speech, god so confused their tongues, that every one of them spoke in sundry speeches, that the one might not understand the other: whereby of necessity the work was left unfinished, and they scattered abroad through all the world. ¶ After this variety of tongues chanced, divers kinds of monstrous people were brought forth in sundry places S. Augustine in his book entitled the city of god, writeth in this manner: God knowing in what similitude or diversitiee of the membres of man's body, the beauty thereof is comprehended, would also bring into the world many monstrous people, that thereby the pride of man might be abated. Therefore what so ever manner men be borne in any place, so that they be creatures reasonable, mortal, and begotten of man, ought not to be doubted, albeit they be deformed, and contrary to our nature. The first Monarchy. IT is to be understand, that those things, which be done of magistrates and rulers, aught to be taken and honoured as the work of god. We have warned afore in our preface, that god would the world to be governed by four monarchies, the policy, justice, & correction might be kept among men: therefore many things be spoken of them in scripture. God did set forth these monarchies or empires to Daniel by two fashions. The first under the similitude of a man, whose head was of gold, his breast of silver, his belly of brass, his legs of iron, his feet, part of iron, part of earth: and how christ the stone broke the feet, that the man should fall, and so the world to end. Daniel interpreted this vision to signify the four monarchies. For (sayeth he) the golden head signifieth the first monarchy, which was of the Assyrians: the silver breast, the kingdom of the Persians': the brazen belly, the reign of the Macedons: the iron legs, the empire of the Romans: the earthen and iron feet, do betoken this present state of the empire of Rome, because that at this season it is of less power and reputation than it hath been. ¶ The four beasts that were showed unto Daniel, signified the figure of these monarchs. The Lion declared the strength of the assyrians: the bear the power of the Persians: the leopard the valiant courage of Alexander: the fourth beast the puissance of the Romans. ¶ There is more over, that other cruel kingdoms should rise, which should ordain hard and strait laws against the religion of Christ: by whom is understand the reign of Mahomettes and Turks at these days. So faithfully God remembreth us, that the histories of the world known, we may consider the end thereof to be at hand, and that by this means we may establish our faith. It appeareth in the Bible that the first kingdom was begun by Nembroth among the Babylonians, whom the scripture calleth a strong hunter before the lord, that is a mighty prince, who by force brought people to his subjection. In that he was called a hunter, is signified, that he was a deceiver of souls, an oppresser of men: and for that he withdrew men from the true religion of God, he was so called. ¶ This Nembroth, called also Nimrod, and babylonical Saturn, The year of the world 1788 The year before Christ 1175 was the son of Chus, who was the son of Cham. He began the first empire, and reigned .56. years. He builded the tower Babel, which he left unfynished: and finally for his wickedness was of the infernal spirits rapt in to hell. from Nembroth, Berosus the Chaldey, and Metastenes the Persian, began their chronicles. ¶ The first Monarchy began among the Chaldeis, as Xenophon testifieth, and the posterity of Cham reigned first, of whom Nemeroth had his beginning. All be 〈◊〉 that Cham was cursed, yet god wonderfully deferred both the punishment and promise. notwithstanding the empire did not continue in the hands of the posterity of Nembroth. For among the Assyrians rose up a new kingdom by Assur, of whom Ninive was builded, who subdued the city of Babylon, which Diodorus Siculus doth write, and by this occasion the Monarchy was changed from the Chaldeis to the Assyrians. Strabo and divers other make mention of the city of Ninive, that standeth in Assyria, whereby it may be easily gathered, that Babylon and Ninive were two sundry cities, and not one city, called by divers names. The year of the world 1797 The year before Christ 2166 ¶ Comerus Gallus, in the .33. year after the first arrival of janus in Italy, and the .1414. year before the building of Rome, brought inhabitants into the royalme, called after Italy, and was made the first king thereof. He named the country after his own name, and taught them both laws and justice. The year of the world 1799 The year before Christ 2164 ¶ jubal, in the .142. year after the Deluge, receiving Spain for his portion, builded a famous city of his own name, in that part, which is now called Granado. ¶ In the same time the prudent Samothes came into France, and there first reigned. ¶ Occeanus, the son of Cham, first reigned in Egypt. He by his sister Thetis had many children. Then came upon him the corrupter of mankind I'm his father, The year of the world 1802 The year before Christ 2161 the Egyptian Saturn, who for the corruption of his manners was surnamed Chamesenuus, where he taught magic, and was had in great renown. ¶ Gog with his father Sabus possessed Arabia, The year of the world 1805 The year before Christ Triton Libya, Chus Aethiopia, and Getulus Getulia. ¶ Thuyscon, one of the sons of Noah, The year of the world 1812 The year before Christ 2151 borne after the flood, with the children of Istus and Mesa, inhabited all the countries from the mountain Adula to Ponthus, and from the great river Tanais, to the Ryne. He was the founder of the Sarmatians and Germans, two mighty nations, and gave unto them law. After he had reigned .150 years, he died, being of his people esteemed to be a god. ¶ Reu, in the .32. year of his life, begat Saruch: The year of the world 1820 The year before Christ ¶ janus in this time brought inhabitants into Hyrcania and Mesopotamia. The year of the world 1825 The year before Christ 2138 ¶ Ganges, The year of the world 1828 The year before Christ 2135 of his own name founded him an habitation in India. And certain people came out of Italy from Comerus, who inhabited Bactria. ¶ Nembroth, the babylon Saturn, The year of the world 1833 The year before Christ 2130 sent forth these princes with inhabitants: Assyrius, Medus, Moscus, and Magog, who inhabited the royalme of Assyria, Media, Moscovia, and Scythia. ¶ Now that we be come to the habitation of Scythia, we shall briefly declare their histories. The nation of the Scythians, both in their original beginnings and empires, were no less renowned by their women, than by their men. They thrice obtained the empire of Asia, which they kept tributary unto them, until the time of Nynus, they themselves remaining continually witho ut the subjection of other princes. They put to shameful flight Darius' king of Persia, they overthrew Zopyrona the captain of Alexander with his army: in like manner they slew Cyrus with all his power. They rather heard of the Romans, than felt them. Of them arose the nations of the Parthians, people very laborious and hardy in wars. Among them no crime is so grievous as theft, for they, having their substance and cattle without houses or other defence, might have nothing in safeguard, if theft were not sharply punished. As for gold and silver they despise: as much as other nations desire it. This continence hath taught them righteousness, that they never desire other men's goods. For the desire of riches is there, where the use of it is. Which moderation and abstaining from other men's good; I wish unto all men: for than truly so great wars should not so long nor among so many be continued, neither should the sword destroy more men, than the natural course of doth should take away. Certes, this seemeth wonderful, that nature should give unto them that, which the Christians by the godly wisdom of Christ, by the long precepts and instructions of holy men, can not attain unto. Much more prevaileth in them the ignorance of vices, than in us the knowledge of vertnes. Finally from them hath come people fearful and vengeable to all the world, as the Alanes▪ Huns, Goths, Bulgarois; Slavanois, Turks, and Tartarians▪ Moreover the women of that nation, at the river Thermodoon revenged the death of their husbands, with the slaughter of their enemies: and lest that some should seem more happier than other some, they slew all the men that remained, and forthwith abhorred the desire of matrimony, calling it rather bondage than marriage. Nevertheless, when that by war they had obtained peace, and by their valiant prowess had conquered a great part both of Asia and Europe, stablishing them a kingdom by the name of Amazons: Than lest their nation should decay through lack of men, they used the company of their borderers. If men children were borne, they were either slain or sent to their fathers: the women they preserved, exercising them not in sowing, spinning, or idleness, but in feats of arms, riding, and hunting. The right paps of their children they feared of, that it should be no let to them in shooting. For which cause they were called Amazons, that is, having but one pap. By this manner exercise they became so strong and hardy, that they feared not to fight hand to hand with the most valiant princes, Hercules, Theseus', Achilles, and the great Alexander. But how long time these women continued, or when they ceased, we can not certainly find, yet we read, that Minothea, one of their queens, for the desire too have issue by the great Alexander, came with .30000. women .25. days journey to him, and after thirty days returned, being conceived with child. jupiter Belus, the son of Saturn, The year of the world 1844 The year before Christ 2119 the second emperor of Babylon, reigned .62. years. He founded and edified Babylon, more like a town than a city, and continued in peace until it was toward the end of his reign. Comerus, after the manner of the Scythians, The year of the world 1846 The year before Christ 2117 from whence he came, taught his italians to make towns with chariots and wagons. Therefore in the Scythians tongue they be called. v●ii, because they call carts veias. For long after the Scythians used carts and chariots in stead of houses, under which they made their stables, and above their lodgings▪ Tyrus, after he had founded Tyrum, with the chief of his people took the sea, and inhabited Thracia. Arcadius then possessed Arcady; and Aemathius Macedonye. ¶ Saruch, in the xxx year of his life begat Naphor, The year of the world 1850 The year before Christ 2113 which was the xviii in descent from Adam. In this season begun the kingdom of the Sicyonians, The year of the world 1875 The year before Christ 2088 now called Morea, where Aegialeus first reigned .52. years, and called 〈◊〉 Aegiale●. Nachor, when he was .29. years of age, begat There, The year of the world 1879 The year before Christ 2084 who was the xix in descent from Adam. This There in his youth begat Aram and Nachor, but after by an other wife he had Abram. The children of Aram were Lot, Sara, and Melcha. janus brought inhabitants into the fertile Arabia, The year of the world 1888 The year before Christ 2075 who of his name were called januteans. I'm came into Italy, and there, The year of the world 1898 The year before Christ 2065 〈◊〉 ●●n●ing Camerus, began to rule the people▪ and with his wickedness and vices corrupted them. janus leaving inhabytauntes in Arabia, departed from thence, and came into afric to Triton. Triton left Hammon his son king of Libya, The year of the world 1903 The year before Christ 2860 who took to wife Rhea his sister, but nevertheless unknowing to Rhea, he begat Dionysius on Amalthea, a young woman, whom he sent to be nourished into Nysa a town of Arabia. Belus began to be inflamed with the desires of war, but being prevented by death, he committed to his son Ninus the charge, to dilate his empire. Hitherto extendeth the golden world. The year of the world 1906 The year before Christ 2057 Ninus, the third emperor of Babylon, reigned .52. years. He was the son of jupiter Belus, who first of all changed the golden world of Saturn, into the iron world violating the law of nature, whereby every royalme was rather defended than enlarged by their private princes, whose judgement and will was in steed of laws, and were thereto not chosen by ambition, but by virtue, and wisdom. But Ninus moved with a new desire of augmenting his empire, did first set upon his borderers, rude and ignorant in wars, than one victory bringing forth an other, he subdued kings. He put to death, Farnus the king of Media, with his wife and seven children. He drove Sabatius out of Scythia into Italy, and vanquished those fires and wild people, and delivered Asia from their subjection. Than Asia being subdued▪ he ordained a Monarchy, and builded Ninive his regal city, translating his empire from Babylon to Assiria. He first dedicated temples to jupiter Belus, and juno his parents. Of his lineage and years this epitaph he did write. jupiter Belus is my father, Saturn of Babylon is my grandfather, Chus the Aethiope Saturn my great grandfather, Saturn of Egypt my great grandfathers father, coelus called also Phoenix Ogyges, was my great grandfathers grandfather From Ogyges to my grandfather the sun, 131. times compassed about his sercle, from my grandfather to my father .65. times from my father to men .52. times. Finally when he had reigned lii years, by the stroke of an arrow, he finished all his labours and wars with his life. After whom succeeded his wife Semiramis. ¶ Thuyscon, the first prince of the Germans, instituted laws for his people. The year of the world 1909 The year before Christ 2054 Likewise did jubal among the Spaniards▪ and Sam●thes among his Galls. But contrary did Cham, the Egyptian Saturn, for he endeavoured him to corrupt the Italians with his wickedness. In Libya began strife between Rhea and Hammon for the adultery committed with Amalthea, and Rhea sought for Dionysius, that she might destroy him. janus made his last voyage into Italy, The year of the world 1924 The year before Christ where he found Cham the corrupter of mankind, whom three year he suffered, then appointing to him certain people, commanded him to departed thence, to whom came Rhea, and wedded herself to him, than they both warred upon Hammon, and expelled him his royalme, whiles I'm reigned in Libya, he begat on his sister Rhea, Osiris, whom he named jupiter. Europa's, the second king of Sycionia reigned xlii years. janus made his habitation in janiculum a town of Tuscain, which he builded, The year of the world 1927 The year before Christ 2036 where he ordained his son Cranus the governor of his common weal, whom the Romans called Quirites. Dyonisius the son of Hammon, with great power, expelled Cham and Rhea out of his father's royalme, and retained with him Osiris, whom he adopted to his son calling him by the name of his father jupiter Hammon, and gave unto him the hole realm of Egypt. At the same time was Pallas a maiden cast out by the lake Triton, who of the same Dionysius was adopted to his daughter. She first taught the Libyans all the feats pertaining to war. There, in the .70. year of his life, begat Abraham, but he had before by an other wife Nachor and Aram. The year of the world 1949 The year before Christ 2014 Aram begot Loath, Melcha and Abraham jescha. The end of the first part. ❧ Prologue to the second part. HItherto extendeth the first age, wherein is comprehended all such things as chanced between the times of Adam and Abraham. For these be the first two thousand years, during which time the world stood without any prescript administration, or certain law, by the word of god. The second age beginneth here at the birth of Abraham, and continueth to the coming of Christ, albeit as touching the just number of the years, this world is not complete: because, as we have warned afore, god hasteth to the consummation thereof. Yet this is the very and proper age of the world, in which circumcision and the law were given, with certain policies, and the true veneration of god also instituted. Wherein also the mighty kingdoms and Monarchies succeeded one an other. For the world never declared at any time his might and power, as he did in this age. At this place Eusebius began his chronicles, who following the verity of the hebrews, might greatly have profited his posterity, but because he ensued the greek exemplars, he greatly erreth in computation of years. The second part. TO THE end that ye shall know in what place the word and church of God was, we will show somewhat of the spiritual kingdom. Abraham, the prince of faith, was borne in Ur, a town of Chaldey, the 292. year after the universal flood, the 44. year of the reign of Ninus, & the 1262. year before the building of Rome, when the true honour & word of god begun to cease in the royalme of Chaldea, There went from thence to Mesopotamia, with his son Abraham, because he would not be defiled with the wicked superstitions and idolatry of the Babylonians. The scripture calleth this idolatry Vr chaldeorunt, that is, the fire of Chaldeie. For when in the sacrifices of the godly the fire falling from heaven; burned their sacrifices, the ungodly following the example of them, kindled their fire, and so instituted a new honouring of god, without the knowledge of the coming of Christ. This fire is called Ori masda, that is to say, the holy fire, which kings commanded to be borne before them upon horses: For the first occasion of idolatry, by this fire began among men, before that images were in use. Therefore Abraham the mighty and renowned father of the elect nation, left his country and kinsfolks, by the commandment of god, and taking with him Lot, went to sojourn in the land of Canaan. From whence shortly after, through great famine, he was constrained to go into Egypt, where he, fearing the foul lusts of the Aegypcians, would not be known of Sara to be his wife, for to avoid the danger that might chance through the beauty of her. He there (as josephus writeth) declared god to be the creator of all things, teaching them the sciences of Arithmetic and Astrology. Finally he returned into Cananee, where he divided the country, Lot choosing Sodom, and Abraham Hebron. After this Lot was taken, whom Abraham delivered. and rescued the spoils, which the princes of Assyria had taken, and received with blessing of Melchisedech, king of Salem and high priest of almighty god (called also Sem the son of Noah) bread and wine: to whom Abraham gave the tenth of his pray. The apostle sayeth, that this Melchisedech was without genealogy, because his progeny is not rehearsed in the scripture. Than Abraham begat on Agar his maid Ishmael, of whom came the Ismaelites, afterwards called saracenes. Finally in the .99. year of his age, being thrice blessed of God, and his name increased, the promise of the everlasting testament, by the circunsion of the flesh confirmed, he, according to the commandment of god, begat on the old and barren Sara his worthy wife, the gentle Isaac, being both promised and blessed of god: whom he circumcised, and would have offered in sacrifice, had not god, seeing his prompt obedience, letted him. At the last, when this most holy patriarch had given Rebecca, the daughter of Nathor, to Isaac, to be his wife, he died, being a .175. years of age, whose holy body his sons Isaac and Ishmael buried in the tomb, where his wife Sara lay. ¶ Hiberius the son of jubal, governed the Spaniards, of whom they were called Hiberi. The year of the world 1954 The year before Christ ¶ Mogus the son of Samotes, reigned among the Gauls, who builded many towns. As●olanita Semiramis, the widow of Ninus, reigned 42. years, The year of the world 1956 The year before Christ 2007 who excelled all other in chivalry, magnificence, The year of the world 1958 The year before Christ 2005 triumphs, victories, and richesses. She at the first feigned herself to be the son of Ninus. Than she being taken for a man, did so vanquish the contempt of her kind with the worthiness of her acts, that she confessed what she was, and what she had feigned herself: neither did this diminish the dignity of her empire, but greatly advanced the renown thereof, that a woman should not only excel all other women in manly prowess, but also all men. She strongly fortified Babylon with sumptuous buildings, walls, and ditches, that it seemed rather of her builded than enlarged. Furthermore being not content only to defend the borders of her kingdom, gotten by her husband, but also brought Aethiope under her subjection, yea and made war into India, wherein never one durst enter, but only she, and the great Alexander. Finally Semiramis, being in unlawful desires, thristinge blood, and destroying all those, with whom she had companied, was for (the same desire that she had to her own son) of him slain. She first invented the use of breeches, and commanded all the ladies of her court to use the same, which until this time is observed among the Aegipcians. Plutarch writeth, that in her life she caused her tomb to be made, about the which this saying was graven. what so ever king needeth money, opening this tomb, let him take as much as he list. Therefore Darius opening it, found therein no money, but a certain letter, wherein was written. Except thou were a riotous person, & one that with money coldest never be satisfied, thou wouldest not have opened the chest of a dead carkais. ¶ The Egyptian juno, otherwise called Isis, was borne of Rhea and Cham in Egypt. ¶ Sabatius Saga sailed out of Pontus into italy to his father janus, who gently receiving him, after few years made him governor over the Aborigines. ¶ Mannus the son of Thuyseon, reigned after his father among the Sarmatians, The year of the world 1963 The year before Christ 2000 and Germans. ¶ Selchim the third king of Peloponessus, now called Morea, reigned .20. years. ¶ Sabatius ordained Sabun ruler over the Sabines, and Aborigines, The year of the world 1969 The year before Christ 1994 he himself inhabiting the country about janiculum, where he deceased. The year of the world 1979 The year before Christ 1984 ¶ Trevers, a city of germany, was builded in this time of Trebeta, the brother of Ninus. ¶ Apis, the fourth king of Peloponessus, The year of the world 1989 reigned .25. years of whom that country was called Apia. The year before Christ 1974 ¶ Among the spaniards reigned jubalda, The year of the world 1990 the son of Hiberius. The year before Christ 1973 ¶ In Crete now called Candie, reigned first Cres, The year of the world 1995 of whom the Island was named. The year before Christ 1968 ¶ Semiramis, with a mighty power, The year of the world 1996 indicted war to Staurobates king of India, The year before Christ 1967 where she being overcome and wounded, by flight, saved herself. ¶ janus, after the death of Sabacius, The year of the world 2000 ordained Cranus king of the Italians, The year before Christ 1963 in the .1211. year before the building of Rome. ¶ Zameis Ninias, the son of Ninus and Semiramis, The year of the world 2000 the fifth Emperor of Assyria, The year before Christ reigned after the death of his mother .38. years, he did nothing worthy of remembrance, for setting aside all desire of wars, he seemed to have changed his kind with his mother, and being seldom seen of men, he spent his life in the company of women. Nevertheless he adorned the temples of the Gods. ¶ Satron reigned among the Gauls, The year of the world 2007 The year before Christ 1958 he instituted public schools of letters, that thereby the wildness of the people might be refrained and brought to a civil conformity. ¶ Ing hevon, the third king of the Germans, succeeded his father, as yet in uncertain habitations. ¶ Noah, called also janus, paid his debt to Nature, Eodem Anno the .350. year after the universal deluge. The Italians, after his decease, dedicated to him by the name of Uortumnus a temple. And worshipped him with divine honours and ceremonies. ¶ In this season Osiris with his wife Isis, finding out the use of corn, began to teach it in Palestine, and than returning into Egypt, did there invent the plough, with those things that appertain to tillage. afterward they with Hercules Libyus travailed through the world, teaching all people their inventions, whereby they ruled all nations, except those that were under the obeisance, of the empire of Assyria, and destroyed tyrants, which oppressed all nations. Finally, when he returned into Egypt he was by his brother Typhon slain, and hewed in .26. pieces, according to the numbered of the conspirators: whose death his wife Isis and Hercules revenged. The year of the world 2014 The year before Christ 1949 ¶ Thelasius, the fift king of Peloponessus, reigned .52. years. The year of the world 2024 The year before Christ 1939 ¶ Abraham, by the commandment of God, forsook his parents, country, and kinsfolks, and taking with him Lot, sojourned in the land of Canaan. ¶ Nechia Pharaoh took from Abraham his wife Sara, for which deed he was by sundry plagues of god punished, and delivered her again undefiled. The year of the world 2032 The year before Christ 1931 ¶ A little before the death of Ninias, Chamesenuus in a manner driven out of all places, got unto the Bactrians, whom by his magical enchantments he had so bound unto him, that amongst them he reigned with great power, where, he gathered an army, and invaded the Assyrians. Against whom came Ninias, and slew him, and shortly after died. The year of the world 2036 The year before Christ 1927 ¶ Abraham begat Ishmael on Agar the handmaid of Sara, of whom came the nation of the Ismaelites, which after were called saracenes. The year of the world 2038 The year before Christ 1925 Arius the sixth emperor of Assyria, reigned .30. years, he added to his empire Bactria and the mountains Caspii. The year of the world The year before Christ 1915 Circumcision was instituted for an everlasting covenant to the posterity of Abraham. The same time he received three angels, washed their feet, and standing under a tree, served them at the table, the tree endured until the reign of Constantius the younger. In this year God destroyed Sodom, Gomorre, Adama, and Semois: The cause ezechiel writeth in this manner: This was the iniquity of the sodomites, pride, superfluytee of meat, abundance, and idleness, they wretched not their hands to the poor, and did abominations against nature. This place is now called the deed sea, whose length and breadth containeth certain miles, and at this day is full of pitch, which boileth out continual vapours, and is a witness of the divine indignation & punishment for so great wickedness. Therefore in this wise god showeth oftentimes to the world, that he will judge and punish sinners, and also preserve the righteous. Nevertheless Lot was saved with his daughters: but his wife, looking back, contrary to the commandment of god, was turned into a salt stone. Then Lot by the incest of his daughters, begat Ammon and Moab, the fathers of the Ammonites and Moabites. Damascus the most noble city and principal sea of jury, was first founded by the servants of Abraham. This city is distant from Jerusalem six days journey. In the which the holy apostle Saint Paul was baptized, and was afterwards by him converted. It was a certain while possessed of the christian men. But Saladin the great soldan, took it from us. ¶ Isaac the son of Abraham by his wife Sara was in this time borne, a man beloved of God, The year of the world 2050 The year before Christ 1913 of whose lineage Christ descended. He represented the figure of christ, when God commanded his father to offer him in sacrifice, whereby was signified that christ should be an oblation, which should satisfy for sin and death. When he therefore should have been sacrificed by his father, and was come both to the altar and to his death, he exhorted his father, that with a good heart he should fulfil in him the commandment of god: saying. My father, it were not just, that any should be borne, if he would refuse the judgements of god and his father, or would not show himself obedient to their wills. After when he came to the age of xl years, he took Rebecca to wife: who being long time barren, at the last, by the favour of god, brought forth twochyldrens, the first Esau, prince of the Idumeis: and jacob, although the younger, yet by the pleasure of god, both blessed of him, and also endued by his father with the right of the first borne was father to the xii patriarchs. Finally, after many troubles and temptations, with age also made blind, he gave his blessing not to Esau, to whom he would, but to jacob, to whom he would not. And so deceased a man endued with all virtue and of a .180. years. ¶ Brigus reigned among the Spaniards. The year of the world 2057 The year before Christ 1906 ¶ Aurunus, the son of Cranus, obtained the dominion of the italians. The year of the world 2061 The year before Christ 1902 ¶ Isaac, the son of Abraham, was sacrificed by his father in the .13. year of his life, as Aben, Esra, and Salodoo write. But josephus affirmeth it to be done in the xxv. year. The year of the world 2066 The year before Christ Aegedius, the sixth king of Peloponessus, reigned▪ xxxiiii. years. The year of the world 2068 The year before Christ 1895 ¶ Aralius, the seventh emperor of Assyria reigned xl years, he flourished in wit and knowledge of warfare. and first had in estimation pomps, precious stones, and such womanly delicates. Amongst the Germans reigned Herminon. Bardus among the Gauls, by the invention of songs and music was had in great honour. The year of the world 2086 The year before Christ 1877 Sara paid her debt to nature, and was buried in Hebron. After whose death Abraham married an other wife called Cetura, by whom he had six sons. And gave Rebecca the daughter of Bathuel, to his son Isaac in marriage. The year of the world 2090 The year before Christ 1873 Aurunus in Uetulonia hallowed a wood to Cranus, reckoning him for a god. He also dedicated a temple and image to janus Uortumnus, and builded a chapel to the god Razenuus. Apher, one of the sons of Cetura, the wife of Abraham, inhabited Libya: whose posterity called the countreie Aphrica. The year of the world 2100 The year before Christ 1863 Thumirachus the vii king of Peloponessus, reigned xlv. years. The year of the world 2102 The year before Christ 1861 Aurunus deceased: after whom among the italians succeeded his son Malot Tages. The year of the world 2106 The year before Christ 1857 Phaeton, with his people, came into Italy to Malot Tages, where finding all the east part and mountains inhabited with French men and Aborigines, the plain countries with janygenes, he possessed the west parts, and shortly after returned into Aetheope. The year of the world 2108 The year before Christ 1855 The kingdom of the Argives began, where Inachus first reigned .50. years. Bal●us, surnamed Xerxes, the eight Emperor of Assyria, reigned .30. years, he was called Xerxes, that is a conqueror or triumpher, because he ruled double the nations that Aralius did. In war he was hardy and fortunate, and enlarged his dominion even unto the Indees. In the .61. year of Isaac, the barren Rebecca his wife, The year of the world 2110 The year before Christ 1853 by the will of god, brought forth two children. Esau and jacob. Of Esau the Edomites had their beginning in Arabia. Esau was called Edom, that is red, because he sold his birth right, which God had blessed, for a mess of read pottage, contemning the blessing and benefit of god for the bealies sake. jacob was surnamed Israel, that is the prince of God, of whom the people of Israel, had their beginning. Afterwards, in the .71. year of his life, when jacob had gotten the blessing of his father, he went into Mesopotamia, that he might avoid the displeasure of his brother, and to take a wife: where he served seven years his uncle Laban for Rachael his daughter, which fulfilled, Lya the elder was put in her stead, alleging that it was not the custom, that the younger should be first married. Than he tarried seven days, and took Rachael to wife, upon condition to serve other seven years for her. Upon these wives, and their two handmaids, beg at he the xii holy patriarchs, from whom descended the .12. tribes of the jews. Of whose life might innumerable things be written, as of their fortitude, prudence, and godliness. Finally after many adversities by him sustained, he descended into Egypt to his son joseph, where he dying, blessed his children and nephews, whose corpse his son joseph sent again into the land of Canaan. ¶ They that be desirous to read the histories of jacob at length, may resort to the holy bible, where in the end of the book of Genesis, it is abundantly set forth. ¶ Not long afore his death, he prophesied most plainly of Christ, and the vocation of the Gentiles, whose prophecy, as Uincentius Gallus rehearseth was this. Of the stock of my son juda shall be borne a virgin of whom the lamb immaculate shall be borne, which is the lamb of god, that by grace shall save all men, whose kingdom shall be everlasting, and never corrupted. Therefore the great lord shall appear in earth as a man, and shall take upon him a mortal body, and shall eat as a man. His star shall arise in heaven, and he shall shine in the earth as the son. The heavens shall open over him, and out of the temple no little sanctification of glory shall come to him. He shall pour out the spirit of grace upon us, and you shall be his children in the truth. He shallbe from Levi a priest, and from juda a king, he shallbe both god and man, mediator between god and man: and shall take away all darkness, which is under the heaven: and there shall be peace through the universal world. The voice of the ill doers shall be against him, not knowing his resurrection. But the blood of his innocency you shall receive on your heads. And in his passion the stones shall cleave a sunder, the son shallbe darkened, and all other things shall be troubled, the invisible spirits shall tremble, and hell shall be spoiled, he shall open the gates of paradise, and shall make the threatening sword against Adam to stand, and shall give unto his saints to eat of the wood of life. Belial shall be bound by him. Then shall ye see Enoch, Noah, Sem, Abraham, Isaac, and me your father, rising in joy from the right hand of god, and shall give power to his children to overcome pernicious spirits: and as many as believe in him on the earth, shall also rejoice. Then shall all men rise again, the godly to glory and joy: the ungodly to shame and perpetual damnation: and most specially he shall judge Israel, which would not believe in him. etc. Tagus' surnamed Orma, reigned over the Spaniards, The year of the world 2114 The year before Christ 1849 by whom the country was called Taga. At the same time began Marsus his reign over the Germans. Abraham the most holy patriarch, in this time finished his last day. The year of the world 2124 The year before Christ 1839 After whose decease there arose a great famine in the land of Canaan for which Isaac went to sojourn with Abimelech king of Palestine. Apis was the first that was supposed to be a god in Egypt, The year of the world 2128 The year before Christ 1835 whom some call Serapin. Armatrites, the ninth emperor of Assyria, reigned .38. years, who being wholly given to voluptee and delycacies, did both invent and amplify those things, which appertained to pleasures. The year of the world 2138 The year before Christ 1825 ¶ Sicanus the son of Malot Tages, The year of the world 2141 The year before Christ 1822 begins to reign over the Italians, of whom the country Uetulonia was named Sicania. In this time Longho reigned among the Gauls. The year of the world 2143 The year before Christ 1820 Betus began his reign over the Spaniards, of whom the realm was called Betica. Leucippus, the eight king of Peloponessus, The year of the world 2145 The year before Christ 1818 reigned. 53. years. In this season arose the ragious flood of Achaia, The year of the world 2151 The year before Christ 1812 whereby the hole province was almost destroyed. Osiris, in Tracia destroyed the giant Lycurgus. Phoroneus, the son of Inachus, the second king of Argives, reigned .60. years. The year of the world 2158 The year before Christ 1805 He first gave laws and judgements unto the Grecians. Not long after the beginning of his reign Telchises and Carpathius kept grievous war against him with doubtful hope of victory. But they being vanquished by him in battle, were driven out of their country, and ignorant of all things, supposing themselves to have been utterly excluded from all men's company, took for a sure possession the isle of Rhodes, before that time called Ophiussa. Thessalus, the son of Grecus, The year of the world 2166 The year before Christ 1797 first reigned in Thessalia, which before was called (as pliny testifieth) Emonia. Deabus among the spaniards usurped tyrannously the kingdom, he was so called for the gold mines and riches, which he invented & got, oppressing his subjects. Bardus the younger reigned among the Gauls. The year of the world 2171 The year before Christ 1792 Belochus, the tenth Emperor of Assyria, The year of the world 2176 The year before Christ 1787 reigned .35. years. He had that name, because that with the rule of his Empire he exercised the office of the high priest of jupiter Belus, and always was occupied about divinations and prophesies. Gambrivius, a valiant man in arms, reigned over the Germans, and as their histories witness, was the first that woore a crown▪ He invented the making of beer, and taught his people to brew it. ¶ In Aemathia, now called Macedonia, Macedon the son of Osiris began to reign, of whom the province received that name. The year of the world 2117 The year before Christ 1786 And about this time Osiris suppressed giants, which began to use tyranny. The year of the world 2180 The year before Christ 1783 ¶ jacob fled from his brother Esau, and went to his uncle Laban, where after seven years, he married Lya and Rachel, and by them and their handmaids, had the .12. patriarchs. The year of the world 2198 The year before Christ 1765 ¶ Messapius, the ix king of Peloponessus, reigned .47. years. The year of the world 2200 The year before Christ 1763 ¶ joseph, the son of jacob and Rachaell, a man most chaste and virtuous, was in this time borne: He in his youth, by his excellent favour, virtue, and wisdom, excelled all his brethren, and was of his father above all the other beloved: for which cause and for his dreams: he was of his brethren had in great despite, and by them sold into Egypt, where after long imprisonment, in the 30. year of his age, he expounded the dreams of Pharaoh, by whom he was made president of Egypt, and called the saviour of the world. For God would, that by this marvelous occasion, he should come into Egypt, that his power might be there known, and that help might be ministered to jacob and his family in the time of famine. This joseph taught the Egyptians both religion, and civil policies, which is most worthy to be, observed, that a man inspired with the holy ghost, should institute so hard and severe manner of administration, and to draw together the hole royalme of Egypt, a country so large and wide, as it were the membres of one body. Whereby we may learn, that severity is most meet to keep people in obedience, and that it is of god approved. For gentleness corrupteth the common people. But to return to our purpose. After joseph had governed the royalme of Egypt by the space of .80. years, he there deceased, being .110. years of age, whose bones the hebrews carried with them into the land of Behest, as joseph bond them to do, in his death bead. The residue of his history who so is desirous to read, may resort unto the holy bible, where in the end of Genesis it is at large set forth. The italians being oppressed of the tyrannos giants in the tribe Palen●an, called unto them Osiris. Lucus began to reign among the Gauls, The year of the world 2205 The year before Christ 1758 who gave himself to hunting. The year of the world 2208 The year before Christ 1755 Osiris, subduing all Italy, The year of the world 2209 The year before Christ 1754 and vanquishing those giants, kept the possession thereof ten years, and than left Lestrigon his nephew, the son of Neptune, to be king over the janigenes. ¶ Baleus the second of that name, The year of the world 2211 The year before Christ 1752 the .11. emperor of Assyria, most famously and triumphantly reigned .52. years: to whom willingly the Indians submitted themselves. ¶ joseph in this time was sold by his brethren to the Ismaelites. The year of the world 2216 The year before Christ 1747 ¶ Apis, the third king of Argives, The year of the world 2217 The year before Christ 1746 reigned .35. years. He left his brother Aegialeus king in Achaia, and went himself into Egypt, where he was had in great honour. ¶ Suews began to reign over the Germans, The year of the world 2219 The year before Christ 1744 a man very frequent & prosperous in wars, of whom the Swisses, a people in Germany, very fires and warlike, took their name. He builded also a noble city called Tigur. ¶ At the same time reigned in France Celta, of whom the people were called Celtes. Lestrigo the nephew of Osiris began to reign over the Italians. ¶ Osiris returned into Egypt, and in a pillar, which should remain for a perpetual monument, The year of the world 2220 The year before Christ 1743 he graved all his expedition of the world. Who after five years was slain of his brother Typhon with the consent of all the giants. ¶ Busites in Phenicia, the other Typhon in Phrigia, The year of the world 2225 The year before Christ 1738 Anteus in Libya, the Lomnines in spain, the Lestrigons in italy, and M●linus in Candye began to tyrannize the world. ¶ Isaac, being .180. years of age, The year of the world 2229 The year before Christ 1734 blessing all his children, died, and was buried in Hebron. joseph, by divine inspiration, The year of the world 2230 The year before Christ 1733 expounded the dreams of Pharaoh, declaring the seven plentiful years that were to come, and the seven barren and hard years, which should ensue, that should clean consume the abundance of the years preceding▪ by whose politic provision Egypt was relieved from famine, and Pharaoh greatly enriched thereby, for which cause he made him regent of his royalme, and named him the saluior of the world. ¶ Of this joseph Trogus Pompeius, and also his abbreviatour justine, writeth in this manner. joseph was the youngest amongst the brethren, whose excellent wit they fearing, sold him unto strange merchants, by whom he was brought into Egypt. When he there with diligent study had learned magical sciences, in short time he grew in great favour with the king. For he was both expert in prodigies, and also first found out the under standing of dreams. Yea there was nothing neither of God's law or man's, that seemed to him unknown: in so much, that he foreseeing the bareynnesse of the fields to come, gathered the corns. And so great were his experiences, that all his answers seemed not to come of man but from god, Moses was the son of joseph, whose excellent favour, besides the inheritance of his father's knowledge, did commend him. But the Aegypcians, when they were plagued with the scabs and filthiness of body, were admonished, that they should expel him with all the sick people out of Egypt, lest that pestilence should infect more. These be the words of justine. They that desire the truth of this history, let them read the end of Genesis. The fertile or plentiful years began no we. The year of the world 2231 The year before Christ 1731 Herculus Lybius, the son of Osiris, and most valiant captain of his wars, The year before Christ 1731 for to be revenged of his father's death, The year of the world 2232 took his armour, & slew both the Typhons, one in Egypt, the other in Phrigia, and also destroyed Busyris in Phenicia, Antheus in Lybia, Milinus in Candie, Lestrigones in italy, the Geryones in Spain. After which victories he substituted Hispalus king of Spain. And in France, upon Galathea the daughter of Celta, he begat Galathes, which was king after his grandfather, and builded there the town of Alexia. In Italy he appointed Thuscus king, of whom they were alled Thuscas. Finally, after many notable acts by him done, he deceased very aged among the Spaniards, nigh to the Gades, where he was buried in a temple dedicated to him with divine honours. The great famine or dearth beginneth. The year of the world 2238 The year before Christ 1725 In the second year thereof jacob with his sons, and nephews descended into Egypt. Lacedemomia, the noble city of Grece, The year of the world 2241 The year before Christ 1722 was in this time builded by Sparus the son of Phoroneus, in the region of Peloponessus, of whom it was called Sparta. This afterwards was the most mighty and flourishing city of all the province of Grece. Which kept great and long wars with the Athenians, to the utter destruction of them both. Unto these Lacedæmonians Lycurgus gave laws, and instructed them in those things, that pertaineth to humanity. Amosis reigned in Egypt xxv years. The year of the world 2245 The year before Christ In which time the Dinastyes of Egypt began to be called Pharaons'. Heratus, the ten king of Peloponessus reigned▪ 46. years. The year of the world 2251 The year before Christ Hercules Lybius in ten years subdued the Lestrigones, and expelled them out of Italy. After which conquest he reigned peaceably twenty years. Argus the fourth king of Argives, The year of the world 2253 The year before Christ 1707 succeeded his father Apis, and reigned .70. years, of whom his people were called Argives. In his reign Grece began to have the use of corns. jacob, being in years .147. deceased in Egypt, and was by his children sumptuously buried in Hebron. The year of the world 2259 The year before Christ 1707 Altadas, the xii emperor of Assyria, The year of the world 2263 The year before Christ reigned xxxii years, he consumed his time in delicacies, esteeming it a vain thing to waste his life continually in labours and miseries, which should not be for the benefit and utilytee of mankind, but to the destruction and servitude there of. Therefore his purpose was that as long as he lived, he would his life to take fruition of richesse and glory. Uandalus after the death of his father, governed the germans prosperously. Gallathes, Hercules son, reigned over the Galls. Prometheus, after the opinion of divers authors in this time lived: who as they do write, made men of clay. Where in very deed, being a wise man, he reduced them from their former state of wildness and ignorance, to humanity and knowledge. He also first stroke fire out of the flint, as Pliny witnesseth. Furthermore he invented the use of rings, but of iron, and appointed them to be worn on the fourth finger, in honour, & comfort of the heart vein. Finally, upon the mountain Caucasus, he found out the occasion of lightening. Wherup on they feigned, that he stole fire out of heaven. The year of the world 2266 The year before Christ 1697 ¶ Chebron, the second king of Egypt reigned .13. years. The year of the world 2279 The year before Christ 1684 ¶ Amenophis the third king of Egypt reigned .21. years. The year of the world 2281 The year before Christ 1682 ¶ Hercules creted his son Thuscus prince over the Italians, he himself being aged, returned into Spain, where he deceased, to whom the spaniards dedicated a temple at his Gades, and in his honour builded divers cities. The year of the world 2291 The year before Christ 1672 ¶ Plenneus, the .11. king of Peloponessus, reigned .48. years. The year of the world 2295 The year before Christ 1668 ¶ Mamitus, the .13. Emperor of Assyria, reigned xxx years. He again exercised his soldiers in wars, and accustomed them to labours, setting aside all delycacies and pleasures, and was greatly feared of the Syrians and Egyptians. The year of the world 2300 The year before Christ 1663. ¶ Mephres, the fourth king of Egypt, reigned xii years. The year of the world 2310 The year before Christ 1653 ¶ joseph, in the .80. year of his reign, which was in the 110. year of his life, finished his last day, before his children, brethren, and nephews, and was buried in Egypt, he prophesied their going forth, requiring that they should carry his bones with them into the land of promissyon. Hitherto extendeth the first book of the holy scripture called Genesis. ¶ After the death of joseph the people of god marvelously increased, and lived quietly, until they died, to whom joseph was known. Than by reason of their great multitude, and abundance of goods, they were of the Aegypcians greatly hated, and by them suppressed in miserable bondage, which they sustained .144. years, till that by the power of god they were delivered. The year of the world 2312 The year before Christ 1651 Mispharmutosis, the fift king of Egypt, reigned xxvi years, he was somewhat favourable to the hebrews. The year of the world 2314 The year before Christ 1649 Hesperus, the brother of Kytim, reigned among the Spaniards. Harbon among the Gauls. And Theutones among the Germans, of whom they were so called, unto him they offered in sacrifice quick men. Alteus, the son of Thuscus, reigned over the Italians. The year of the world 2316 The year before Christ 1647 Mercurius the son of Maia, as certain authors do specify, in this time flourished. He invented the making and plainge on the harp. Many other things be written of this Mercury by the poets, which I do omit, because they be but feigned, The year of the world 2323 The year before Christ 1640 and will falsify the verity of histories. ¶ Crassus, the fift king of Argives, reigned .54. years. The year of the world 2325 The year before Christ 1638 Mancaieus the xiiii Emperor of Assyria, reigned .30. years, without any glory or renown. Atlas, the brother of Prometheus, and father to the noble woman Maia, a man of excellent wit and wonderful contemplation, in this time flourished. For when he had by diligent study comprehended the course of the stars, he first presumed to declare astrology to the Grecians whereupon it was feigned, that he did bear heaven upon his shoulders. Kytim expulsing his brother Hesperus into Italy, reigned in Spain. Hercules Alemannus reigned after his father king of the Germans, a prince both just and puissant. Lugdus reigned in France, of whom the province and people of Lions were named. Sicorus reigned over the Spaniards. Kytim, leaving his▪ son Sicorus king in Spain, The year of the world 2336 The year before Christ 1627. came into Italy, and there reigned, whom the Italians in their language, for the excellency of his wit, called Italus, he gave his daughter Electra in marriage to Camboblascon the prince of the janigenes. And substituted his other daughter Roma queen over the Aborigines. his son Morges he created prince of the Italians. This Roma first builded Rome, a little town: after whose death because of the marshes it was neglected, until the time of Euamdrus, who with the town repaired the name. Tuthemosis, king of Egypt, reigned ix years. The year of the world 2338 The year before Christ 625 Orthopolis, the xii king of Peloponessus, reigned The year of the world 2339 The year before Christ 1624. lxiii. years. ¶ In this time the royalme of Syria was so named of one Syrus, which there inhabited. And the Aethiopians: came from the river Indus, and placed themselves near to the borders of Egypt. Amenophis, king of Egypt, reigned xxxi years, he was surnamed Memnon the speaking stone, The year of the world 2346 The year before Christ 1616 because (as it is written) his image gave a voice at the son rising, until the coming of christ, he was cruel to the hebrews, oppressing them with scouring of ditches, and making of brick, and then with slaying of their men children. Morges, the son of Italus, reigned in Italy. The year of the world 2349 The year before Christ 1614 Spherus, the xu emperor of Assyria, reigned .20. years. The year of the world 2355 The year before Christ 1609 Who by his worthy acts and wisdom was greatly renowned in Babylon. Morges made his cousin Camboblascon king of Italy. ¶ Aaron the son of Amram, nepheu to Levi, and brother of Moses was borne. Incontinent after whose birth Amenophis commanded all the Hebrew children to be drowned. For Aaron was borne without any jeopardy, but so was not Moses. Whiles that the hebrews were thus in misery and thraldom entangled. God in a vision in the night appeared unto Amram, promising him a son to be borne, who should both deliver his people from the Aegipcians servitude, and also overthrow them, being plagued, spoiled, and finally drowned in the sea. Which vision the chance of the thing declared to be true. Therefore as Moses was borne, his birth (by the will of God) was kept secret, and three months was he nourished at home. But his father, fearing the cruelty of the Egyptians, made a little vessel of bulrushes, well pitched within, wherein he put the child, and set it in the river, commending it to the tuition of that lord, who before had promised him to be borne. Then almighty god, shewing that not by man's providence, but by his, the effect of all good things be obtained, saved this little helpless child. For he caused Termuth the daughter of Pharaoh, to walk to the river side to sport her, where she saw this vessel swimming on the water. Incontinent she commanded it to be brought to her, and opening it, found therein a wonderful fair and goodly babe, for the which she not a little rejoiced, and according to the chance named it Moses, which signifieth, preserved from the water. After this, for the favour and towardness of the child, she adopted him for her son, and caused him to be instructed in all the learnings of Egypt. It chanced on a time, that the king, for his daughter's sake, took the child in his arms, and set the crown upon his head: which Moses, as it were chyldyshly playing, hurled it to the ground, and with his feet spourned it. But the priest, the soothsayer, beholding this, cried out, & said, that this was he, whom before he had prophesied should be borne, which would destroy the kingdom of Egypt, except he were by death prevented. But Termuth excused the child, alleging▪ that his age had yet no discretion and for proof thereof caused bourning coals to be put to his mouth, which the child with his tongue licked: whereby he ever after had impediment in his tongue. By this means their fury at that time was appessed. In process of time there arose cruel wars between the Ethiopians and the Egyptians. The Ethiopians destroyed Egypt, took their towns, overran their country even unto Memphis, their principal city. On the other part the Egipcians, by this necessity compelled, fled for council unto their oracles and divinations: where they received answer, that they must elect an Hebrew, captain of their army, by whose help they should not only expulse the Ethiopians from their borders: but also bring them under their subjection. Moses, both for his wisdom and parsonage, was chosen sovereign capitain of this army, he so polytikely led his host, that unwaxes he set upon them, and at the first battle put them to flight, wherein he slew a great number. And when they in no place were able to resist him, they fled to their strong city Saba. In which, whiles they suffered the siege, and Moses often valiantly and politicly assauting them, he was of the kings daughter of ethiop vehemently loved. Who not able to sustain the power of love, by certain faithful ministers, required of Moses' marriage: he upon condition to render to him the city, was contented. Which through the means of the maid was quickly fulfilled, and he married unto her. By this occasion he subdued all Ethiope, returning to Egypt with great triumph: which prosperity to the hebrews was hope of liberty, and to the Aegypcians cause of great fear. Wherefore they sought daily occasion how to destroy him. Which Moses' perceiving diligently imagined to avoid their deceits, and denied himself to be the son of the daughter of Pharaoh, choosing rather to be afflicted with the people of god, than to enjoy sinful pleasure of the world. Wherefore he slew an Egypcian, which oppressed an Hebrew, and fled into Madian, not far from the mount Sinai, where he was received into the house of jethro, priest of that city, who gave to him in marriage his daughter Sephora. There he continued xl years, and kept sheep. ¶ This have I drawn out of the history of josephus, the residue of Moses' life shall be declared after his return into egypt. The year of the world The year before Christ 1588. Mamelus, the xvi emperor of Assyria, reigned xxx years. The year of the world 2377 The year before Christ 1586 ¶ Phorbas, the sixth king of Argives, reigned xxxv years, he subdued the isle of Rhodes. A little before his reign was the city Epidaurus builded in Epiro. Orus, king of Egypt, reigned xxxviii years, he drowned not the Hebrew children. The year of the world The year before Christ 1585. Romanessus, the son of Roma, was created prince over the Aborigines. The year of the world 2382 The year before Christ 1581. At which time Sicanus began to reign in Spain. And in France Belgius, of whom the people were called Belgici. Arogilus, otherwise Proclytus, did first make carts. The year of the world 1391 The year before Christ 1572 The city Lesbus was builded by Xanthus, and Cidon reigned in Candie. The year of the world 2402 The year before Christ 1561 Marathius, the xiii king of Peloponessus, reigned thirty. years. The year of the world 2405 The year before Christ 1558 Sparetus, the xvii emperor of Assyria, reigned xl years. In his time Babylon was sore bruised with an earthquake. Hiob, the son of Zareth by Bosra, a man most patient and holy, in this time flourished. Philo maketh him to be before this time. Cecrops the first king of Athenes, reigned l years. The year of the world 2408 The year before Christ 1555 he builded Athenes, and instituted matrimony among the Greeks. jasius reigned in Italy, and Siceleus in Spain. At whose marriage the Egypcian Io was present. Troyphas, the vii king of Argives, reigned .46. years The year of the world 2412 The year before Christ 1551 ¶ Moses, in age .40. years, fled for fear of Pharaoh, The year of the world 2414 The year before Christ 1549 when he had slain an Aegypcian. josephus saith, that it was for displeasure, because in the wars of Aethiope, whereof he was captain, he took to wife the kings daughter of Aethiope. Acencris, king of Egypt, reigned .12. years. ¶ The Curetes and Coribantes builded the city Gnoson in Candy. And devised the dancing in armours. The year of the world 2416 The year before Christ 1547 The year of the world 2419 The year before Christ 1544 Io returned out of Italy into Egypt. ¶ The first civil wars arose between Dardanus and jasius for the kingdom of Italy, The year of the world 2425 The year before Christ 1538 the Aborigines favoured the part of Dardanus, and the janigenes with the Sicilians, the part of jasius. Deucalion began to reign among them that dwelled about the mountain Parnassus. The year of the world 2428 The year before Christ 1535 Achoris, king of Egypt, reigned ix years. The year of the world 2428 The year before Christ 1535 Maratus the .14. king of Peloponessus, reigned .20. years. The year of the world 2432 The year before Christ 1531 Cecrops in Euboena builded the city of Athenes, The year of the world 2435 The year before Christ 1528 which he named also Diadas. The deluge of Thessaly fell, The year of the world 2437 The year before Christ 1526 which destroyed all Thessalia, saving few which fled to the mount Pernaius where Deucalion reigned as king, who received them gently, and nourished them upon the ridges of the hill of Pernasus, as many as fled to him in boats or otherwise. For which cause poets feigned, that he and his wife repaired mankind being utterly destroyed with water. ¶ In this time the world was also tormented with a plague of heat, which vainly they attributed unto the fables of Phaenton. Chencres reigned in egypt xvi years. Than Israel cried unto the lord. ¶ Ascatades, the xviii emperor of Assyria, The year of the world 2445 The year before Christ 1518 rained 41. years, which utterly brought all Syria to his subjection. ¶ Of Helen, the son of Deucalion and Pyrrha, the Grecians were called Hellenes. The year of the world 2448 The year before Christ Chorinthus builded, which before was called Ephyrus. The year of the world 2452 The year before Christ 1511 ¶ Romanessus, the son of Roma, reigned among the Aborigines. He had first the name of Saturn consecrated to him. From this Saturn Eutropius began his history of the Romans. Echireus, the xu king of Peloponessus, reigned .55. years. When that king Pharaoh without all measure vexed the children of Israel, The year of the world 2454 The year before Christ 1509 god sent Moses to deliver his people out of Egypt, who after divers miracles by him done in the sight of Pharaoh, for confirmation of his authority, lead them toward the land of promission, but then Pharaoh changing his mind pursued the Israelites with most e●gre cruelty, intending to have utterly destroyed them: for so much as they had at that time no place of refuge or succour. For on the one side they were enclosed with hills, on the other with the sea, & he their most infest enemy followed at their backs. But here god declared that when extreme necessity happeneth, and all man's help faileth, he is ready and heareth the voice of his people. For at the prayer of Moses and wailing of the Israelites, the water of the sea contrary to the natural course thereof went back, and by the space of certain miles gave way to the people to pass without danger, which thing when Pharaoh and his host assayed to follow, and were in the deepest, the sea keeping again his former course swallowed him with all his power. Where god showed a new example, that he would be revenged of stubborn, impious, and cruel tyrants', which vex and persecute his people. ¶ The fifty day after that the Israelites were thus departed out of Egypt, & were come to the mount of Sinai, the law of the ten commandements was to them given by almighty god, with a great and terrible magnificence. At which time also god gave to them a certain politic governance, and a special kingdom, in which nothing wanted, that appertained to the true worshipping of god priesthood, and civil justice, to the intent that a certain people should be notably known, among whom the word of god remained: and of whom christ in time to come should be borne: So that among this people alway remained the church, the kingdom, and the true word of god, until after christ had suffered. Whereby all men may know, that the church hath always been: and that god from the beginning of the world, both revealed and preserved his word among his people. Lusus, in Spain and Allobror in France reigned. Acherres, king of Egypt reigned viii years Hercules surnamed Desinas, flourished in Phenicia. Aaron was consecrated high pryest. The year of the world 2455 The year before Christ Amalek subdued by the hebrews. The temple of Apollo at Delos was builded by Eris●stones, son of Cecrops. Dardanus slew his brother jasius by deceit, The year of the world 2457 The year before Christ wherefore he fled into Samothracia, where he lurked long. Coribanthus succeeded his father jasius. Crothopus the viii king of Argives, reigned xxi years. Cranaus the second king of Athenes, The year of the world 2458 The year before Christ reigned ix years. In Candy then reigned Apteras. Cherres king of Egypt, reigned xu years. The year of the world 2461 The year before Christ Amphitrion, the third king of Athenes, reigned ten years. The year of the world 2467 The year before Christ 1496 Epaphus, the son of Io and jupiter, The year of the world 2471 The year before Christ 1492 builded Memphis in Egypt. A●●●us, called also Danaus, The year of the world 2476 The year before Christ 1487 reigned five years king of Egypt. Erich●●●nius, the iii king of Athenes, reigned .50. years. The year of the world 2477 The year before Christ 1486 He found out the use of silver. Lacedaemon, the city was builded by Lacecedemon the son of Semele's. S●elenus, the ix king of Argives, reigned .11. years. The year of the world 2479 The year before Christ 1484 Ramesses, surnamed Egiptus, The year of the world 2481 The year before Christ 1482 of whom it was called Egipte, which before was named Aeria, drove his brother Danaus out of his realm, and ruled the fame .68. years. At this Ramesses, Manetho the Egipcian priest began his chronicle. And the kings of Egypt for honour were called Pharaones. Arras, the son of jupiter and Calistho, subduing the Pelasgians, named their country Arcadia. In the .31. year of the Dukedom of Moses, Atho, prince of Meonia, The year of the world 2484 The year before Christ 1479 gave unto Dardanus part of his land, who incontinent left all his right in Italy, and went unto his new possession, where he builded a city, which after his own name he called Dardania, that after was called Troy. Unto this place Berosus continued his history, and finished it. The year of the world 2485 The year before Christ 1478 Here beginneth the kingdom of the Troyans', where Dardanus first reigned .64. years. Amyntas, the xix emperor of Assyria, reigned .45. years. The year of the world 2490 The year before Christ 1473 Danaus, the ten king of Argives, expulsing Stelenus, reigned over them .50. years. Orosius writeth, that between the children of Danaus and Aegiptus in one night was committed .50. murders. After which, Danaus the author of all this mischief, was driven out of his royalme, and fled to the Argives: Where he persuaded them to this lewdness, that by their help, he expelled Stelenus, that received him void of all help, and reigned there. Orithya was ravished of Boriatrax. The year of the world 2491 The year before Christ 1472 Aaron deceased, Eleasar was constituted high priest. The year of the world 2492 The year before Christ 1471 Moses overcame the kings of Amorrea & the Moabites, he divided their land, and died in the mount Nebo being of age .120. years. Whose eyes were never dim, nor teeth lose, he was buried by angels, and his sepulchre was yet never known unto man. Triptolemus sailed to Eleusin, and there taught them the use of corn. The year of the world 2493 The year before Christ 1470 ¶ After the death of Moses the Israelites had princes and governors, which were created partly by the authority of wise men, partly set up by the special calling of god, by which princes, many noble and famous things were done. And so god declared, that he is present, and doth faithfully defend his people, although they may seem for a certainespace to be tossed in the waves of these worldly troubles and perils. These governors after the custom of the hebrews were named judges▪ After Moses josua was second judge or duke of the hebrews. And reigned .28. years according to the hebrews computation, he brought the children of Israel into the land of promission. The son prolonging the day, he overthrew xxxi kings, and divided the land of Chananee to the Tribes. He was godly, sapient, in wars mighty, in peace fortunate, and endued with all virtues, when he was .110. years of age, he ended his life. Perseus slew Gorgones, The year of the world 2497 The year before Christ 1466 after which he sailed from Grece into Asia, and there with grievous and long war, he vanquished those barbarous people, and at the last, being conqueror, gave the name to the people subdued. For of Perseus they were called Persians. Thyrenus reigned among the janigenes in italy fifty and one years. The year of the world 2498 The year before Christ 1465 Busyris, the son of Neptune in Egypt, The year of the world 2500 The year before Christ 1463 exercised his tyranny in sacrificing the blood of his innocent guests. Lapis reigned in Candye. The year of the world 2503 The year before Christ 1460 And Cyrene was builded in Libya. Phoenix and Cadmus went from Thebes in Egypt into Syria, and reigned at Tyrus in Sidon. The year of the world 2506 The year before Christ 1457 Chorax, the .16. king of Peloponessus, reigned .30. years. The year of the world 2507 The year before Christ 1456 Liber Pater warred in India, The year of the world 2508 The year before Christ 1455 in whose army were women called Bacchaes, rather for their fury, than for any virtue. Asterius reigned in Candy. The year of the world 2513 The year before Christ 1450 The great temple of Apollo at Delphos was burned by Plegra. Phoenix builded Bythinia, and gave unto the phoenicians certain letters to write by. Romus reigned in France. The year of the world 2515 The year before Christ 1448 Faunus Priscus possessed the empire among the Aborigenes in Italy. The year of the world 2517 The year before Christ 1446 josua decessed. The year of the world 2521 The year before Christ 1442 The seniors of the children of Israel governed them xvii years. Israel served the lord all the days of josua, and the seniores, which lived long time after josua, & knew all the works of the lord, which he had done in Israel. Hypermnestra, the daughter of Danaus, The year of the world 2523 The year before Christ 1440 occupied the office of high priest among the Argives. Pandion, the .v. king of Athenes, reigned .40. years. The year of the world 2527 The year before Christ 1436 Radamanthus and Sarpedon, kings of Licia. Belochus, the younger, the twenty emperor of Assyria, reigned .25 years. He was called of the hebrews, as holy writ testifieth, ChusanReschataim▪ of josephus Chusartus. The year of the world 2530 The year before Christ 1433 His daughter Actosa reigned with him .7. years. Cadmus' reigned in Thebes. The year of the world 2535 The year before Christ 1428 The children of Israel fell from god, and he delivered them into the hands of Chusan Reschataim, whom they served .8. years. Mellus Paphus, Thasus, and Calista, cities were builded. Epopeus, the xvii king of Peloponessus, reigned 35. years. The year of the world 2537 The year before Christ 1426 Othoniel, the first judge of Israel, of the tribe of juda, The year of the world 2538 The year before Christ 1425 surnamed Zenes, governed them .40. years. He delivered the children of Israel out of the hands of the king of Assyria. Lynceus, king of Argives, reigned .41. years. The year of the world 2540 The year before Christ 1423 Amnus Faunigena reigned among the Aborigenes in Italy. The year of the world 2547 The year before Christ 1416 Amphion and Zetus reigned together in Thebes. Pharaoh Menophis, king of Egypt, reigned .40. years▪ Tarquon. The year of the world 2549 The year before Christ 1414 Priscus reigned .34. years, among the janigenes, which now be called Tyrrhenes and Thuschanes, for the knowledge of divine things, which they learned of janus. The year of the world 2550 The year before Christ 1413 Erichthonius in Troy reigned .46. years. Paris in France, and Testalibius Triton in Spain, reigned. The year of the world 2554 The year before Christ 1409 Menophis, of some called▪ Maro, builded the Labyrinth in Egipte, according to which, Dedalus framed the like in Candye, where Minos reigned. The year of the world The year before Christ 1408 Belopares the xxi emperor of Assyria, reigned .30. years. He conquered the Persians with the Arabies. The year of the world 2560 The year before Christ 1403 Armenia was taken by Cadmus. Cocleus Triptolemon reigned in Eleusine. Achaia was builded by Achaio. The year of the world 2567 The year before Christ 1396 Erichtheus, the. v●. king of Athenes reigned .50. years. The year of the world 2572 The year before Christ 1391 Laomedon, the xviii king of Peloponessus, reigned 40. years. Dionysius, called also Liber Pater, was borne of Semele. Ehud, otherwise Aod, of the tribe of Benjamin, judged Israel .80. years. He delivered them from the tyranny of Eglon, king of Moabites, The year of the world 2578 The year before Christ 1385 whom they served 18. years for the transgression of their law. Abas king of Argives reigned .23. years. The year of the world 2581 The year before Christ 1382 An other Abas reigned that time in Thuschain. Lamprides the xxii emperor of Assyria, The year of the world 2585 The year before Christ 1378 reigned .32. years. Cadmus' taught the rude Greeks their letters, and reigned in Thebes. After Zetus and Amphion drove him from thence, Zetus reigned .55. years in Egypt. The year of the world 2589 The year before Christ 1374 Tros reigned in Dardana, The year of the world 2596 The year before Christ 1367 of whom it was called Troy. It is written, that in Pythia, the first prophetess, was Phemonoe, The year of the world 2598 The year before Christ 1365 who in hexametrum verses sang such things as were to chance. Tantalus ruled the Phrygians, The year of the world 2602 The year before Christ 1361 who before were called Meones. Proetus king of Argives reigned xvii years. For the ravishement of , The year of the world 2604 The year before Christ 1359 the wars of and Tantalus began. Sycion the xix king of Peloponessus, reigned xlv years, he named the country Syclonia, The year of the world 2612 The year before Christ 1351 which before was called Aegialea. Sorares, the xxiii emperor of Assyria, The year of the world 2617 The year before Christ 1346 reigned twenty years. In his time the most swift horse Pegasus was found. Perseus' kept war against the persians. Cecrops, the second of that name, king of Athenes, reigned xl years. Pelops took to wife Hippodamia. Mars Italus, surnamed the younger janus, reigned amongst the Aborigines. Ueivenus, of the family of Uetulonia, ruled the Thuschanes. The year of the world 2621 The year before Christ 1342 Acrisius, king of Argives, reigned .31. years. The year of the world 2623 The year before Christ 1340 Rhomus, governed the Spaniards. jon, a valiant man, after his name called the athenians jones. Dionysius, called also Liber Pater, The year of the world 2632 The year before Christ 1331 warred against the Indians, where he builded the city Nysa upon the great river Indus. Amphion reigned at Thebes, who (as it is said) with the excellent harmony of his harp even moved the stones. The year of the world 2636 The year before Christ 1327 Lampares, the xxiiii emperor of Assyria, reigned 30. years. The year of the world 2637 The year before Christ 1326 Pelops reigning in Peloponessus, and in Olympus, assembled his power against Troy, The year of the world 2642 The year before Christ 1321 and was vanquished by Dardanus. Rauses king of Egypt, reigned lxvi years. The year of the world 2644 The year before Christ 1319 Here ended the kingdom of the Argives: from whence it was translated to the Mycenae's. The year of the world 2652 The year before Christ 1311 A most cruel war was between the Cretenses and athenians, The year of the world 2653 The year before Christ 1310 to the destruction of them both, but the Cretenses being conquerors, used their victory extremely: for they decreed, that all the noble men's children of Athenes should be devoured by the Minotaur. Palatuus reigned in Spain, and Galatas the younger in France, The year of the world The year before Christ 1307 who subdued the Sarmatians, and builded Galata, where he also reigned. Ilus reigned in Troy, who builded Ilium. Midas also in Phrigia. The year of the world 2657 The year before Christ 1306 Polybus, king of Peloponessus reigned .25. years. Pandion, in Athenes reigned .25. years. Perseus unwillingly slaying Acrisius, went to Argos, and there reigned. Euristeus, the first king of Mycenae, reiged .45. years. Samgar, The year of the world 2658 The year before Christ 1305 the iii judge of Israel, with an ox gad slew 600. Philistines, and delivered Israel, he reigned but one year. The year of the world 2659 The year before Christ 1304 Deborah, a woman, the four judge, judged Israel▪ 40. years. She, with Barak the captain of her army, overthrow jabin king of Cananees, who had oppressed Israel 20. years. jahel also the wife of Aber killed Sisara, Duke of the host of jabin, fleeing from the battle. The year of the world 2666 The year before Christ 1297 Coeculus, surnamed the younger Saturnus, reigned among the Aborigines in Italy. The year of the world 2667 The year before Christ 1296 Pannias', the .25. emperor of Assyria, reigned .45. years. The year of the world 2669 The year before Christ 1294 Oscus governed the Thuschanes, whose arms was a serpent. Cadmus took to wife Harmonia the sister of jasius. Olbius that time reigned in France. Aegeus, the son of Pandion, the ix king of Athenes, reigned .48. years. The year of the world 2671 The year before Christ 1292 Atreus and Thyestes, after the death of Pelops, The year of the world 2632 The year before Christ 1281 divided the royalme of Peloponessus. The year of the world 2685 The year before Christ 1278 Picus, the younger, was made king over the Aborigines. Entropius from Saturn to this Picus, did digress. The year of the world 2690 The year before Christ 1273 Miletus builded. Tarcon, the ii reigned among the Thuschanes. The year of the world 2694 The year before Christ 1269 The navigation of the Argonauts began. Inachus, the xxi king of Sicyonia, reigned .42. years. The year of the world 2697 The year before Christ 1266 Orpheus, the Thracian, in this time flourished, whose scholar was Museus. Gedeon called also jerobaal, The year of the world 2699 The year before Christ 1264 the .v. judge ruled Israel 40. years. He delivered them from the power of the Madianites. under whom they were vii years. slaying Oreb, Zeb, & Zalmona, their princes, with .120000. of the Madianites and Arabies. When he deceased, he left lxx sons behind him. Atreus and Thyestes reigned together over the Mycenes .65. years. The year of the world 2703 The year before Christ 1260 Nanges reigned in France. The year of the world 2709 The year before Christ 1254 Amenophis, the ii king of Egypt, reigned .40. years. The year of the world 2710 The year before Christ 1253 Laomedon reigned in Troy. Minos' obtained the seas, and scoured them from Pirates. He was the first lord of the Isles Cyclades, and inhabited them with people. Sosarmus, the xxvi emperor of Assyria, The year of the world 2712 The year before Christ reigned .19. years. About this time Hercules performed his great enterprises, and for his heroical and princely virtues was greatly commended: he was the son of Amphitryo and Alemena. His father Amphitryo. for as much as he had for certain displeasure slain his own brother, fled from Tyrintho his natural city unto Thebes, where it fortuned Hercules to be borne, and there showed the first proof of his virtue strength and nobleness. For when that Minya, which were at that time of great power besieged the city of Thebes, Hercules repelling their enemies, defended the city, and took the town Orchomenon. This victory wan to him great renown. In so much that afterward other princes of Greece resorted to him gladly, among the which, he showed himself alway a maintainer and defender of peace and justice, and helped such princes as were suppressed with injuries, and chastised the unjust deeds of other, and toward them, which he did help, used great gentleness, leying upon them no greater bourdeyns, than they were able to sustain. These were the virtues, for the which he obtained so great renown, as never prince had done before his time. Furthermore he delivered the sea about Italy and Spain from pirates and robbers, and for a perpetual memory thereof, commanded two great rocks to be set up in the uttermost corners of Spain and Africa, which at this day are called the columns of Hercules. Cacus in Spain flourished. The Lapithians and Thessalians contended together with famous conflicts. The year of the world 2722 The year before Christ 1241 The Thessalians were called Centaurs of the Lapithians, because that their horsemen rounning in the battle, seemed to have but one body, both of a horse and man. Faunus, the younger, reigned among the Aborigines. his mother Nicostrata is thought first to have invented the latin letters. The year of the world 2733 The year before Christ 1240 ¶ evander, with his navy, came into Italy .60. years before the business of Troy, where being received of Faunus, and lands given unto him, he chose the hill, that now is in the mids of the city of Rome, whereupon he builded a castle, and named it Palantium. The year before Christ 1238 ¶ Hercules' passing into Asia, overcame and slew Laomedon the king of Troy, The year of the world 2725 but yet in this victory he used a varaie noble and princely moderation, for he saved the kingdom, and would not destroy it, and delivered the possession thereof to Priamus, as to the true inheritor. Thescus the tenth king of Athenes reigned xxx years. After the death of Aegeus, The year of the world 2730 The year before Christ 1233 he gathered together all them that dwelled in Artica, and brought them into a city, and one people, that before dwelled scattered in divers places, he coined money, and struck therein an ox. Many other worthy acts he did, and was compaygnion with▪ Hercules in all his noble acts and deeds. Mitreus the .27. emperor of Assyria, reigned xvii years Uesores proclaimed war against the Scythians, The year of the world 2731 The year before Christ 1232 of whom he was vanquished and put to flight. The Scythians by their captain Taunases, made Asia tributary to them. Hercules' returned from Spain into Italy, and in the 55. year before the coming of Aeneas, he slew Cacus, & gave laws to the Itilians. Taunases made Sornus the king of Medea tributary. The year of the world 2734 The year before Christ 1229 At this place jornandes began his history of the Getes. Of the Goths the Parthians took their▪ beginning. They drive the original of the Amazons unto this age. Lampeto and Merpesia queens of Amazonia. Tiberinus, of the house of U●a ruled the tuscans. The year of the world 2738 The year before Christ 1225 Abimelech, son of Gedeon, the vi judge, The year of the world 2739 The year before Christ 1224 tyrannously occupied that room three years, he slew his .70. brethren, the sons of Gedeon, and at the last was himself miseserably slain of a woman, casting down a piece of a millstone on his head. Phestus king of Sicyonia, reigned .8. years. Thola, the vii judge, judged Israel quietly .23. years. The year of the world 2742 The year before Christ 1221 Carthago was builded by Zano and Carthago Tyrians. The year of the world 2745 The year before Christ 1218 Theseus, when he was fity years of age, ravished Helena. And was committed to prison by Aidoneus, because he with Pirithous, would also have ravished his daughter Proserpina. Adrastus' king of Si●yonia, reigned .4. years. Ammenophos, king of Egypt, reigned xxvi years. The year of the world 2747 The year before Christ 1216 Polyphides in Sicyonia, and Atreus in Argos reigned. The year of the world 2750 The year before Christ 1213 Hercules ordained the plays and games of Olympus, The year of the world 2752 whereof came the Olympiades', & the computation thereof. The year before Christ 1211 Remus reigned among th' e Celtes. And Erythreus in Spain. About this time, Telephus, the son of Hercules, by Auges the sister of Priamus, reigned over the Goths in Moesia, he warred upon the Greeks, their captain, Thessandrus he slew, and vanquished Ajax and Achilles, driving the greeks out of his borders, but he was wounded with a dart by Achilles. Lycomedes king of Sycia reigned. Cantanes, the xxviii emperor of Assyria, reigned .32. years, The year of the world 2758 The year before Christ 1205 he subdued the Aethiops. The year of the world 2760 The year before Christ 1203 Theseus, leaving Athenes, wandered abroad. After whom reigned Muestheus .24. years, of him plutarch maketh mention in the life of Theseus. But justine sayeth, that Demephoon succeeded Theseus, who aided the Greeks against the Trojans, whereby he obtained the kingdom. ¶ Minos, gathering his power in Sicily against Dedalus, The year of the world 2764 The year before Christ 1199 was slain of the daughters of Cotalus. The year of the world 2765 The year before Christ 1198 Latinus, of whom the Latins took their name, ruled the Aborigenes. jair the viii judge of Israel, ruled them .22. years. A man in all things prosperous, he had .30. sons, who were the princes of xxx cities, which were called the towns of jair. Paris Alexander ravished Helena, the daughter of Tyndarus. The year of the world 2768 The year before Christ 1195 The Egyptians called her Venus' guest, to whom they dedicated a temple at Memphis. Agamemnon reigned over the Mycenae's xviii years: he was sovereign captain of the Greeks in the wars of Troy. Penthesilea queen of Amazons flourished. The year of the world 2773 The year before Christ 1190 Mezentius reigned among the tuscans. The year of the world 2774 The year before Christ 1189 ¶ The great wars of Troy began for the ravishment of Helena, the wife of Menelaus, whom Paris took away with him into Phrigea: for which act the princes and cities of Grece were so fore displeased, that by an universal consent, they went unto Troy, where ten years they consumed in most cruel wars, and at the last won the city, which they clean destroyed, with the kingdom thereof. Thuoris, king of Egipte, reigned vii years. The year of the world 2776 The year before Christ 1187 Euripilus, king of Goths, the son of Telephus, for the love of Cassandra, came to the aid of the Troyanes', where he was slain. Memnon also and the Amazons brought succours to king Priamus. Mopsus reigned in Cilicia. The Egipcians were now governed by a certain power called Dynastia Dyapolitana, which continued 177. years. The year of the world 2783 The year before Christ 1180 In the first year of this Dynastia, Troia was taken as Manetho saith, Latinus then reigned among the Latins, who corected the latin tongue, and of his own name called them Latins .428. years before the building of Rome. In these wars flourished many noble and valiant men, as Priamus, Hector, Paris, Troilus, Agamemnon, Achilles, Ulysses, Ajax, Nestor, Dares, Patroclus, and the ill favoured Thersites. Pelasgus, king of Sicyonia reigned twenty years. ¶ Gargoris, called also Mellicola, by reason he was counning in making of honey, begun to reign in Spain. Then the royalme of Spain was governed by sundry princes, by the space of .1071. years until the empire of the Carthaginenses, which after xxxv years was under the dominion of the Romans, until the later reign of the Goths. ¶ Demophon the son of Thescus, reigned in Athenes xxxiii years. The year of the world 1784 The year before Christ 1179 Aegistus also in Mycenae's was king. ¶ Aeneas, with twenty ships came into Italy to Latinus and evander, he vanquished Turnus, The year of the world 1786 The year before Christ 1177 and wedded his wife Lavinia, he also builded Lavinium. ¶ jepte the ninth judge, judged the Israelites vi years he delivered them from the Philistines, whom (for the sin of idolatry) they served xviii years, he by an advised vow sacrificed his own daughter. Ascanius' reigned over the Latins xxxviii years. The year of the world 2789 The year before Christ 1174 From his son julius, descended the house or family of julius. Orestes after the death of Egysthus, ruled the Mycenae's. Tanteus the .29. emperor of Assyria, reigned xl years. The year of the world 2790 The year before Christ 1173 Coleyne upon the Rind, and Lisbon in Portugal, were builded. Mesentius king of Etruscians, in this time lived. ¶ After jepte, Abessan the tenth judge, The year of the world 2793 The year before Christ 1170 ruled the Israelites seven years. ¶ Francus, the son of Hector, was received of the frenchmen for their lord. From this place unto the time of C. Cesar, every sort of people of this nation had their private princes. The year of the world 2800 The year before Christ 1163 Aelon, or Ahialon, the xi judge of Israel, governed them ten years. The year of the world 2802 The year before Christ 1161 The children of Hector took again Ilium or Troy, expelling the posterity of Antenor. Rhampsinitus, the son of Proteus, took upon him the governance of Egypt. The year of the world 2803 The year before Christ 1160 Zeusippus, king of Sicyonia, reigned .32. years. Pyrrhus was slain by Orestes in the temple of Apollo at Delphos. Tissamenus the son of Orestes, reigned in Mycenae's▪ Ascanius, The year of the world 2809 The year before Christ 1154 leaving his kingdom to his stepmother, builded Alba longa, and virtuously brought up his brother silvius Posthumus, the son of Aeneas & Lavinia. Abdon the xii judge, governed the jews viii years. The year of the world 2810 The year before Christ 1153 Alba was builded xxx years after Lavinium. The year of the world 2814 The year before Christ 1149 Oxyntes in Athenes reigned .12. years. The year of the world 2817 The year before Christ 1146 Samson, the .13. judge, was the son of Man of the tribe of Dan. The year of the world 2818 The year before Christ 1145 He ruled the israelites .20. years.▪ & delivered them from the subjection of the Philistines, unto whom they paid tribute .40. years, he was a man most strong, which with his hand strangled a lion, and with the cheek bone of an ass slew .1000. Philistines, putting the residue to flight. finally by the fraud of Dalila being deceived, he was taken of his enemies, blinded, and playing before the princes of Palistine, took in his arms the pillars, whereon the building stood, he overthrew the house, wherein were destroyed iii M. Philistines. Amazon's burned the temple of Diana in Ephesus. The year of the world The year before Christ 1139 Silvius Posthumus, the third king of the Latins, reigned xxix years, The year of the world 2827 The year before Christ 1136 he was called Silvius, because he was brought up in the country: and Posthumus, because he was borne after the death of his father, of him all the kings of the Albans were called Siluii. Ocnus, ruled the tuscans xlvi years. Aphidas in Athenes reigned one year, after whom succeeded Timoentes viii years. The year of the world The year before Christ 1134 The year of the world The year before Christ 1133 Thineus, the xxx emperor of Assyria, reigned .30. years. Here ended the kingdom of the Sicyonians. In the time of Silvius Homer the poet flourished, as Cassiodorus witnesseth. Hitherto the house of Ericteus reigned in Athenes, which being destroyed, Melanthus succeeded in the kingdom, and reigned xxxvii years. Hely, the high priest, and xiiii judge of Israel, reigned xl years, The year of the world 2838 The year before Christ 1125 after whom the holy ark was possessed of strangers. The Boeotians being driven out of Arna, by the Thessalians, inhabited the land, The year of the world 2842 The year before Christ 1121 which now is called Boestia, before named Cadmeia. Samuel was about this time borne. ¶ The beginning of britain, and the first king thereof. ALBEIT THAT this royalme of England may easily contend with any other nation, for the antiquity thereof, as being continually inhabited with people, from that time that all other countries received inhabitants, yet forasmuch as by the often civil wars, and invasions of outward enemies, the monuments and remembrances of the histories passed being destroyed, it hath caused no little ambiguity and darkness to the certain knowledge of the original beginning thereof. Wherefore by this occasion compelled, I will briefly overrun the acts and years of those kings, which reigned, unto the time that this land was known unto the Romans. The history of which time is full of errors, and hath in it no manifest appearance of truth, as being written neither of no ancient time, nor yet by no● credible hystorian. For if there had remained any veritable monument of these times, surely the worshipful Beda and Gildas, our country men, yea and Cesar the conqueror thereof, would nothave omitted them. Never the less I will not descent from the common opinion thereof, but will also follow it as near as I may, observing the just computation of the years, and the conferment of histories. BRUTUS, after the vulgar opinion, son of Silvius Posthumius, in this time arrived in this Island, wherein he begun the first to reign, The year of the world 2855 The year before Christ 1108 and named it Britain, Before Britain known 1058 which before was called Albion, and therein founded the noble city of London, when he had reigned xxiiii years, he divided this whole empire among his three sons, unto Locrine he gave the middle part of Britain▪ now called England, with the superioritee of all this isle: unto Cambre he gave Wales: and to Albanact scotland. After which partition he deceased. The year of the world 2856 The year before Christ 1107 Aeneas Silvius the fourth king of Latins reigned xxxi. years. Before Britain known 1057 The year of the world 2860 The year before Christ 1103 Dercylus the xxxi emperor of Assyria reigned xl years The year of the world 2863 The year before Christ 1100 ¶ The kingdom of the Lacedaemon's and Corinthians began. Before Britain known 1053 Eurysteus, the first king of the Lacedaemon's, reigned xlii years. Athletes likewise first king of Corinth, reigned .35. years. Pypinus governed the tuscans. Codrus, king of Athenes, reigned xxi years. He in the Peloponesian wars, The year of the world 2875 The year before Christ 1088 Before Britain known for the saluegard of his country in a poor weed wilfully gave himself into the hands of his enemies, to be slain, whereby those wars were finished. The year of the world 2878 The year before Christ 1086 ¶ The ark of god was taken by the Philistines, in which war perished the two sons of Hely, Before Britain known 1036 with. ●000. hebrews, and Hely himself broke his neck. Six months was the ark among the Philistines, and than sent to the house of Aminadab, where it continued twenty years. ¶ Samuel, the xu judge, Before Britain known and high priest of the Israelites, The year of the world 2878 The year before Christ 1085 governed them a leaven years, according to the hebrews, which we do follow. All be it josephus saith, that he reigned .12. years, and with Saul. 17. yea and Eusebius doth affirm, that Samuel and Saul reigned xl years. LOcrine, the son of Brute, reigned twenty years, he was slain by his wife Guendoleyn, The year of the world The year before Christ Before Britain known 1034 for so much as for the love of an harlot he had forsaken her. The year of the world 2880 The year before Christ 1083 The Peloponenses warred against the Athenians. Before Britain known 1033 Latinus Syluius, The year of the world 2887 The year before Christ 1076 the fift king of Latins, reigned l years. Before Britain known 1026 ¶ The judges or dukes of Israel were not by heritage or natural succession. And therefore the soveranine governance among them was uncertain, saving only in the room of the his priests. But God added to them for help often times certain wise princes, which he chose, now in one place, now in an other. Wherefore the Israelites tinding themself grieved with his uncertain governance, desired of Samuel their high priest, to have a king to rule them as other countries had: Samuel would not do any thing unadvisedly in so great a matter. And therefore asked counsel of God: Who showed himself to be greatly displeased with the unleeful request of his people, and threatened that they should be therefore grievously punished. How be it he granted their request, and ordained Saul to be their king. Here the power of kings and governance of kingdoms was ordained and established by God. Wherefore it is to be marked, that god was not therefore angry, because he disallowed the power and authority of kings, but because he was displeased with the unconstant mind and affection of the people, in changing that kind of governance in the common weal, that was by him ordained. ¶ Saul, the first king of the hebrews, reigned. ●. years. The year of the world 2889 The year before Christ 1074 He from an asseherde was brought to the majesty of a king, Before Britain known 1024 and whiles he followed the admonitions of Samuel, he prospered and slew of the Ammonites and Palestines .60000. But therewith being elated, neglecting the prophet, counselling with Phytones, slaying the priests, and contemning God, he was both of god and man forsaken: whereby he was overcome with all his house, of the Palestines, and willingly killing himself, was unto his enemies a laughing stock. ¶ The holy man David by the commandment of God, was anointed king of Israel, of the prophet Samuel. Whom Saul (after the spirit of god had forsaken him) partly forenuy that David was so highly praised of the Israelites, and partly fearing that he would defeat him of his kingdom, vexed with continual persecution: during which time David showed many examples, both of godly patience and also of loyal obedience toward his prince. In so much, that when Saul (by the providence of god) fell in his hands: he only cut a piece of the hem of his garment, in token that if he had listed at that present, he might have slain him, and for that deed, afterward greatly repent, that he had been so bold, as to cut the hem of the garment of Saul his sovereign lord and king, notwithstanding that he was his most grievous enemy, and every hour sought his death. The year of the world 2891 The year before Christ 1072 ¶ David the son of jesse, Before Britain known 1022 both king and prophet of almighty god, after the death of Saul, reigned vii years over the tribe of juda, and than was admitted king of all Israel. He did that was good and right in the sight of god, and put his trust and confidence in the lord god of Israel, so that before nor after him was not his like among the kings of juda: he cleaved to the lord, and went not from his steps, he did the commandements that the lord had given by Moses. Wherefore of him god bare witness, that he was a man according to his heart and desire: and to him renewed his promises of the health and salvation that was to be looked for in Christ▪ so that for the certayntee thereof, Christ of the prophets is called the son of David. And furthermore David himself by the inspiration of God, in his hymns and Psalms, most manifestly prophesieth of the conception, birth, life, death, resurrection, ascension, and heavenly kingdom of our saviour Christ. Wherefore among the prophets and other holy men, his writings were had in great estimation, and of like authority, as were the writings of Moses. Isboseth, the son of Saul, was made king over Israel, ¶ Codrus in the Peloponessian wars, The year of the world 2895 The year before Christ 1068 Before Britain known 3018 for the wealth of his country gave himself to the death. After whom the Athenians had no more kings but magistrates, by whom they were ruled. Of whom Modon, the son of Codrus, was first, who governed them twenty years. Abiathar consecrated high priest of the jews. The year of the world 2898 The year before Christ 1065 ¶ David was chosen and anointed king over all Israe and reigned .33. years. He expulsed the jebuseis, Before Britain known 1015 & made Jerusalem his city, he vanquished the Philistines▪ and brought the ark from the house of Aminadab to Jerusalem. Ixion reigned in Corinth. xxxvii. years. Before Britain known 1014 GUendoleyn the wife of locrine, governed this royalme of britain xu years, The year of the world 2899 The year before Christ 1064 during the nonage of her son Madan. Before Britain known 1013 Eupa●es, the .3▪. emperor of Assyria, reigned .38. years. ¶ David committed homicide and adultery, Before Britain known The year of the world 2900 The year before Christ 1063 for which he was grievously punished. After this, The year of the world 2901 The year before Christ 2062 Solomon was borne unto him, he made all his borderers tributaries according to the divine promission, from Euphrates and the great sea, to Egypt, than being in peace, he made the psalms. Before Britain known 1008 ¶ Argis governed the Lacedaemon's one year, The year of the world 2905 The year before Christ 1058 after whom succeeded Archestratus, he reigned .35. years. Before Britain known 1003 Nycius Fesulanus ruled the tuscans. The year of the world 2910 The year before Christ 1053 Micena, now called Cuma, was builded in Italy. MAdan, son of Locrine, and Guendoleyn, took on him the governance of britain, which quietly he ruled. In the xl year of his reign, he finished his life, leaving after him two sons, Menpricius & Manlius. Before Britain known 997 Agastus governed the Athenians xxxvi years. The year of the world 2916 The year before Christ 1047 ¶ Carthage, as many do write, was in this time builded by Carcedo a Tyrian: other say, it was builded by Dido. Absalon, Amnon, Adonias, with the other children of David: Nathan, Gad, and Asaph prophets, in this time flourished. Before Britain known 983 ¶ David in the xl year of his reign assigned Solomon to be king, The year of the world 2930 The year before Christ 1033 and gave unto him the description of the temple. Before Britain known 982 ¶ Solomon, son of David and Bethsaba, The year of the world 3931 The year before Christ 1032 the third king of the Israelites, a man above all other most wise and rich, reigned xi years, and at length by women, was seduced to idolatry. Before Britain known 979 ¶ In the fourth year of his reign he began to build the temple of the lord, and finished it in the eleventh year. The year of the world 2934 The year before Christ 1029 Agyalaus in Corinth reigned xxxvii years. Before Britain known 976 Alba Silvius, the vi king of Latins, reigned .39. years, The year of the world 2937 The year before Christ 1026 Before Britain known 975 Laosthenes, the xxxiii emperor of Assyria, reigned xlv The year of the world 2938 The year before Christ 1025 years. Labotes in Lacedemonia ruled xxxvii years. Piseus Thuscus in Italy reigned lii years. Arxippus governed the athenians xix years. MEmpricius, the son of Madan, reigned here, in The year of the world 2950 The year before Christ 1013 Britain twenty years. Before Britain known 963 Between him and his brother Mantius was great strife for the sovereign dominion. The year of the world 2952 The year before Christ Before Britain known 961 But finally Mempricius slew his brother by treason, The year of the world 2954 The year before Christ 1009 Before Britain known 959 and after he had continued his reign in tyranny, and all unleeful lusts the space of twenty years, he was in hunting by wild beasts devoured. Solomon walled jerusalem, and builded many cities in Iury. The year of the world 2960 The year before Christ 1003 The Thracians obtained the sovereignty of the sea. ¶ In the xxi Dynasti of Egypt, Smendis, Before Britain known 953 called also Sesach reigned therein xxvi years, unto him jeroboam fled, and there continued until the death of Solomon. ¶ Solomon in his latter age, deceived with the love of strange women, worshipped their idols, wherefore the kingdom of ten tribus was taken from his posterity, and Adad, king of Syria, warred upon him. The year of the world 2971 The year before Christ 992 ¶ Roboam, the son of Solomon, Before Britain known 942 fourth king of juda reigned xvii years, he neglecting the counsel of wise men, in releasing the grievous burdens of his subjects, but rather threatening more harder, caused ten tribus to forsake him, and none followed the house of David, but only juda. For Benjamin was given unto Nathan, the brother of Solomon: but nevertheless they faithfully aided juda as often as they needed. In this year also began Hieroboam his dominion over Israel, and reigned .22. years, he made Israel to sin in worshipping golden calves. Thersippus, the fourth prince of Athenes governed them xli years. The year of the world 2972 The year before Christ 991 Pryminas in Corinth reigned .35. years. Before Britain known 941 The year of the world 2974 The year before Christ 989 EBranke, the son of Mempricius, Before Britain known 939 reigned among the Britons .60. years, he builded the city of York, and the castles of Dunbar and Edinbrough. The year of the world 2975 The year before Christ 984 ¶ Sesach the king of Egypt, invaded judea, Before Britain known 937 took jerusalem, and spoiled the temple. Egiptus Silvius, the son of Alba, Before Britain known 937 the vii king of Latins, The year of the world 2976 The year before Christ 987 reigned xxxiiii years. Doristus in Lacedemonia reigned xxix years. Samos builded, and Smyrna enlarged in the manner of a city. Before Britain known 935 Pyriciades, called also Pyrithidias, The year of the world 2978 The year before Christ 985 the xxxiiii emperor of Assyria, Before Britain known 930 reigned .30. years, he with sundry ineursions invaded Hyrcania. The year of the world 2988 The year before Christ 980 Ahinas, high priest in judea, Schemaia and Iddo prophets, and also Rameus and jadan. Before Britain known 927 The Thracians possessed Bithynia. The year of the world 2989 The year before Christ 977 Pseusenses, king of Egypt reigned .41. years. Before Britain known 965 Abias', the fourth king of the jews, reigned .3. years, The year of the world 2988 The year before Christ 675 he overcame Hieroboam in battle. Before Britain known 923 Asa his son succeeded him in the kingdom of the jews, The year of the world 2990 The year before Christ 973 and reigned .41. years, he was a just man, he pulled down idolatry, and ten years had peace. Before Britain known 921 Nadab, the second king of the Israelites, The year of the world 2992 The year before Christ 971 reigned not a year. Baasa the third king of the Israelites, reigned .24. years. A wicked prince, who destroyed all the house of Hieroboam. Before Britain known 913 Capys Silvius, the vii king of Latins, The year of the world 3000 The year before Christ 963 was king 28. years, he builded Capua in Campaign. Thuscus, the younger, then ruling the Aborigines. About this time, according to the prophecy of Hely, half the years of the world were fulfilled. Zaruch, king of Ethiope, with a mighty power invading judea, was by Asa-overthrowen. Afterwards Asa ronfederated himself with Benadad king of Syria. Before Britain known 907 In the .36. year after the division of the kingdom of the jews. Baasa ascended into juda, The year of the world 3006 The year before Christ 957 but by the Syrians he was driven back. Before Britain known 906 Agesilaus (surnamed the great) the sixth king of the Lacedemones, The year of the world 3007 The year before Christ 956 reigned .44. years: of whose excellent wisdom & prows remaineth yet many remembrances. Bacis in Corinth was king .35. years. Before Britain known 901 Phorbas governed the athenians .31. years. The year of the world 3012 The year before Christ Before Britain known 900 Ophrateus, the xxxv Emperor of Assyria, The year of the world 3013 The year before Christ 950 reigned 20. years. jehoram, Azariahu, the son of Odad, Hananan, jehu, prophets, jehu was slain of Ela. Hela succeeded his father over the Israelites. In the second year of his reign he was slain by Sanri his servant. Samri destroyed all the lineage of Baasa, Before Britain known 898 and reigned but seven days. The year of the world 3015 The year before Christ 948 Before Britain known 879 The year of the world 3016 The year before Christ 947 Amri the sixth king of the Israelites reigned .12. years, six in Thersa, and six in Samaria, which he builded, and ordained the see of his kingdom. Achab, Before Britain known 886 the vii king of the Israelites reigned .22. years, The year of the world 3027 The year before Christ 936 he passed all his ancestors in wickedness, and took to wife jezabel. In his time the prophet Helias flourished. Nepher cheers in Egypt reigned four years. The year of the world The year before Christ 935 Capetus Silvius, the brother of Capis, Before Britain known 885 was king over the Latins .13. years. A famine in this time began, which endured iii years. josaphat, The year of the world 3031 The year before Christ 932 the vii king of the jews, reigned .25. years, Before Britain known 882 a prince both just and virtuous, he ordained judges in every city of juda, and commanded the Levites to read the law unto the people, that they might thereby learn to fear god. Ammenophis, king of Egypt, reigned. ●. years. Ophraganeus, the xxxvi emperor of Assyria, Before Britain known reigned 50. years. The year of the world 3033 The year before Christ 930 BRute surnamed Greneshield, Before Britain known 879 as the vulgar history calleth him, The year of the world 3034 The year before Christ 929 reigned here in Britain xii years. By the commandment of Helias the prophet, all the priests and prophets of Baal were slain. Amnus in Corinth ruled .25. years. The year of the world 3038 The year before Christ 925 joahas was high priest of the jews. Before Britain known 857 jehu, Obadia, Micha, jehiel, and Eleazar prophets, flourished. The year of the world 3040 The year before Christ 923 Osochor, in Egypt reigned .6. years. The year of the world 3041 The year before Christ 922 Tiberinus Silvius, the ten king of the Latins, Before Britain known 873 reigned .9. years. Of him the river of Taber was named, Before Britain known 872 which before was called Albula, because he was drowned therein. The year before Christ 921 Agelas in Corinth reigned .30. years. The year of the world 3042 Mecades governed the athenians .30. years. Before Britain known 871 Achab overcame Benadab, king of Syria twice, In The year of the world 3043 The year before Christ 920 the second conflict he slew of the syrians. 100000. Before Britain known 870 LEyl, the son of Brute succeeded his father in this royalme of Britain. He builded the city of Caerleil, and reigned .25. years. Before Britain known 867 Spinaces, king of Egypt, reigned .9. years. The year of the world 3046 The year before Christ 917 Achab, in the last battle against Benedab, was slain. After whom succeeded his son Ochozias, Before Britain known 865 an idolater, The year of the world 3048 The year before Christ 915 who reigned two years. joram, the ix king of the Israelites, brother to Ochozias, Before Britain known 863 reigned xii years. The year of the world 3050 The year before Christ 913 He was slain by his servant, that succeeded him. Agrippa Silvius, the xi king of the Latins, reigned .40. years. In this time the prophet Heliseus, and Homer the poet flourished. Before Britain known 862 Archelaus. the vii king of Lacedemonia, The year of the world 3051 The year before Christ 912 ruled them 60. years continually. The mighty army of Moab and Ammon, which rose against josaphat, god brought to nought. Helias, the mighty prophet, after many miracles by him done, at length in a fiery chariot, was rapt into Paradise. Before Britain known 860 ¶ jehoram by his father josaphat, was assigned to be king over juda▪ he reigned .8. years, The year of the world 3053 The year before Christ 910 and after he was established in his kingdom, slew all his brethren, and made the people to sin. Before Britain known 853 Persusennes, king of Egypt▪ reigned .35. years. Before Britain known 853 Ochozias, called also Ahazias, The year of the world 3055 The year before Christ 908 the ninth king of juda reigned one year: who also for his idolatry was slain. The year of the world 3060 The year before Christ joiada was high priest among the jews, who lived 130. years. Before Britain known 852 jehu, the ten king of Israelites, reigned .28▪ years, he being of Heliseus anointed king, The year of the world 3061 The year before Christ destroyed clean the house of Achab▪ slay joram, broke the neck of jezabel, killed the priest of Baal, and bourned the temple of idols. Achalia, widow of jehoram, after the death of his son Ochozias, clean extermined all the lineage of Solomon, saving joas, a young babe, who by joiada▪ the high priest, was saved, and when she had tyrannously reigned .7. years, was by the commandment of the high priest slain. Felsinus governed the Thuschans' .33. years. joas, the xi king of the jews, and first of the house of Nathan, The year of the world 3065 The year before Christ 398 reigned .40. years. Before Britain known 848 In the seventh year of his age he was proclaimed and anointed king, The year of the world 3067 The year before Christ 396 Before Britain known 846 and Athalia was slain. As long as he followed the good admonition of joiada, he prospered: but after falling in to idolatry and other wickedness, he slew Zacharias the prophet between the temple and the altar, for which deed, god punished him by the Syrians, and after was slain in his bed by his own servants. Lord Hurdibras, or Rathudibras, son of Leyl, Before Britain known 842 began to reign in Britain, The year of the world 3071 The year before Christ 892 he buylyed the cities of Canterbury, and Winchester, & the town of Shastisbury, when he had reigned .29. years, he deceased. The year of the world 3072 The year before Christ 891 Eudemus in Corinth reigned .25. years. Dioginetus, the vii prince of Athenes, Before Britain known 841 governed them xxviii. years. The year of the world 3073 The year before Christ 990 Before Britain known 840 Ascrazapes, the xxxvii emperor of Assyria, Before Britain known 831 reigned 41. years. The year of the world 3082 The year before Christ 881 Azahel, king of Syria, Before Britain known 823 brought his army against Israel, The year of the world 3085 The year before Christ 878 and wasted all the country over jordan. Bonanis ruled the tuscans .28. years. joas repaired the temple. The year of the world 3086 The year before Christ 874 jehoiachas, the son of jehu the xi king of the Israelites reigned xvii years. Before Britain known 824 Aremulus Silvius, the xii king of Latins, reigned nineteen. years. The year of the world 3090 The year before Christ 873 Before Britain known 823 He ordained the garrison of the Albans upon those mountains, where Rome is now, and for his wickedness, was slain with lightning. Lycurgus, the law maker of the Lacedemones, in this time flourished. He was a man so moderate and just, that when he might have reigned after his brother Poludecta, would not take it upon him, but governed the royalme to the use of his young Nephew Cabrilaus, to whom, being of age, he restored the kingdom, and in the mean time garnished the city with most honest laws. The servants among the Tyrians slew all their masters, except one Strato, who at length was made their king. Senscoris, king of Egypt, began to reign in the twenty Dynasty. After the death of joiada, the high priest, king joas falling in to idolatry, commanded the prophet Zachary, Before Britain known 820 the son of joiada, to be stoned to death. The year of the world 3093 The year before Christ 970 Before Britain known 816 Aristemedes in Corinth reigned .35. years. BLadud, the son of Lud, ruled Britain .20. years. The year of the world 3097 The year before Christ 866 He (as our late histories witness) builded the city of bath, Before Britain known 813 and made therein the hot baths, The year of the world 3100 The year before Christ 863 and also by the vain trust of the art of Nychromancy, wherein he was very studious, took upon him to fly in the aer, where he fell down and broke his neck. Before Britain known 812 Pheredus, prince of Athenes, ruled them .19. years. The year of the world 3101 The year before Christ 862 Azahel king of jury, spoiled judea. Before Britain known 808 joas, of Israelites the xi king, reigned .16. years. The year of the world The year before Christ 858 Before Britain known 807 The other joas, king of the jews, The year of the world 3106 The year before Christ 857 was of his own servants slain in his bed. After whom succeeded Amasia, the xii king of the jews, who reigned .29. years. Aventinus Silvius the xiii king of Latins, reigned 37. years. Before Britain known 804 He by his burial in the hill, The year of the world 3109 The year before Christ 854 which now is part of the city of Rome▪ gave the name unto it for ever. Heliseus the prophet about this time deceased, who being dead raised a dead man. Before Britain known 802 Amos and Amazia prophets flourished. Osorthon, king of Egypt, reigned xu years. Thelechus also in Lacedemonia reigned xl years. The year of the world 3111 The year before Christ 852 Amasia vainquished the Amalechites, Idumeis, and Gabaonites, in the battle slaying .10000. of them, and also taking as many, whereby being elated, he adored strange gods, and at length provoking joas king of Israel to the wars, was of him taken. Tharsus, and Anchiale, cities of Cilicia, were builded in one day. Hesiocus, a poet, and priest of the Muses, flourished in Helicon. LEire succeeded his father Bladud, and reigned xl years. Before Britain known 794 He builded Leicester, The year of the world 3119 The year before Christ 844 and left after him three daughters, of the which the youngest, for her wisdom, was chosen to be governor. Ariphron ruled the athenians twenty years. Before Britain known 793 joas took Amazias king of juda, The year of the world 3120 The year before Christ 843 and beat down the walls of jerusalem. In his place was Ozias his son constituted king by the people, who reigned xi years in the life of his father, and xii year after, he presuming contrary to the ordinance of god to minister sacrifices in the temple, was therefore stricken with leper. Hieroboam the ii and xii king of the Israelites, reigned xli years. The year of the world 3123 The year before Christ 840 ¶ Tonos concoleroes, called also Sardanapaius, the .38. and last emperor of Assyria, reigned xu years, Before Britain known 790 a man more corrupt and effeminate than any woman. jonas the prophet about this time was cast out of the whales bealye. The year of the world 3126 The year before Christ 837 Tachelotis governed Egypt xiii years. Before Britain known 787 The year of the world 3129 The year before Christ 834 Hieroboam overthrow the Syrians, and recovered the cities, Before Britain known 784 which they had taken. Egemnon in Corinth, reigned xvi years. Before Britain known 781 The year of the world 3132 The year before Christ 831 Phulbelochus, capitain of the babylonical wars, and Arbaces, precedent of Media, disdeigning to be subject under him, who had rather be a woman than a man, conspired together for the division of the empire, and by force of arms drove Sardanapalus to that point, that he bourned himself with all his delicacies, (which he esteemed more than all his empire) in a great fire, only in that, showing himself to be a man. Whereby the monarchy was divided, Phulbelochus reigning in Babylon, and Arbaces in Media. The year of the world 3138 The year before Christ 825 Arbaces began the empire among the Medes, Before Britain known 775 where he reigned .28. years. Phulbelochus also reigned in Babylon .48. years. He made Manahen, king of Israel tributary. Petubastis, was king of Egypt xxv years. Before Britain known 774 The year of the world 3139 The year before Christ 824 Tespieus, prince of Athenes, governed them xxvii. years. Before Britain known 773 The year of the world 3140 The year before Christ 823 Mar●ius reigned among the tuscans xviii years. Before Britain known 770 The year of the world 3143 The year before Christ 820 Procas Silvius the xiiii king of Latins, Before Britain known 767 reigned xxiii. years. The year of the world 3146 The year before Christ 817 Alexander ruled the Corinthians xxv years. Before Britain known 765 The year of the world 3148 The year before Christ 815 Ozias, in the beginning of his reign being just, Before Britain known 764 subdued the Philistians, The year of the world 3149 The year before Christ 814 Arabies, and Ammonites, made them tributaries, and repaired the city of Jerusalem. Finally by great abundance of wealth and prosperity, falling in to pride, and willing also to minister sacrifice upon the golden altar, was stricken with leper, and by the priests driven also out of the holy place. That time, in judea chanced a great earthquake, whereby the mountain Eroge was cloven in sunder. Before Britain known 762 Caranus, otherwise Gramaus first king of Macedon, reigned .28. years. The year of the world 3151 The year before Christ 812 This Caranus with a multitude of greeks, followed a flock of goats, took Edissa, where he began the first fundament of the kingdom of Macedon. Alcanes', in Lacedaemon ruled .37. years. COrdeilla, the youngest daughter of , The year of the world 3158 The year before Christ 805 ruled Britain five years. Before Britain known 755 She by the rebellion of her two nephews, Morgan and Cunedagius, was taken and cast in prison: where, for sorrow she killed herself. Phydon an Argive first found out the use of weights and measures. Before Britain known 752 Zacharia, the xii king of Israelites, The year of the world 3161 The year before Christ 802 reigned six months, and was slain by Sallum, who also continued not a month, but was by Manahen besieged, & destroyed Manahen the xiii king of Israelites, reigned .10. years. who tyrannously possessed the kingdom, and gave unto Phulbelochus great treasure to break up his wars. Etalus governed the tuscans .30. years. CUnedagius and Morgan jointly succeeded Cordeilla, Before Britain known 751 but they continued not long together: The year of the world 3162 The year before Christ 801 but there began strife for the sovereign dominion, in which Morgan was slain in a county of Wales called now Giaumorgan. After which victory Cunedagius gloriously ruled the hole isle xxxiii years. Before Britain known 749 Osorthon was king of Egypt ix years, The year of the world 3164 The year before Christ 799 the Egipcians called him Hercules. Azarias high priest. Before Britain known 747 Sosarmus the second emperor of Media reigned thirty. years. Metasthenes erreth much, The year of the world 3166 The year before Christ 797 in that he writeth Mandanes to be second king. Before Britain known 746 Agamnestor ruled the Athenians twenty years. The year of the world 3167 The year before Christ 796 Procas king of Latins dying, bequeathed unto Amulius his royalme, and to Numitor his treasure. Before Britain known 744 Amulius Silvius the xu king of Latins, The year of the world 3169 The year before Christ 794 reigned xliii. years. Phacea the first son of Manahen, and xu king of the Israelites, reigned two years, and was traitorously slain by Phacea. Before Britain known 740 The year of the world 3173 The year before Christ 790 Psammus reigned in Egypt .10. years. Phelesteus was the eleventh king of Corinth, he reigned .12. years. Phacea son of Ramalia xvi king of Israel, reigned 20. years. The year of the world 3175 The year before Christ 788 Before Britain known 738 ¶ Numitor, the elder son of king Procas, being expelled from his kingdom by his brother Amulius, lived on his own land, his daughter, because she should have no child, was made a virgin Uestale: Notwithstanding in the seventh year of her uncles reign, she brought forth two children, Remus and Romulus, at one birth, wherefore according to the law, she was buried quick: but the young babes, being cast forth by the banks of Tiber, were found by Faustulus the kings shepherd, who brought them to his wife Acca Laurentia, which for her rapacity was called of her neighbours, a wolf. The children when they waxed toward men, gathering a band of shepherds and thieves, slew Amulius at Alba, and restored their grandfather Numitor to his kingdom. The year of the world 3176 The year before Christ 787 jotham, the xiiii king of the jews reigned .16. years, Before Britain known 737 a prince virtuous and invincible, he subdued the Ammonites, and builded the sumptuous gate of the temple. Coenus, king of Macedon, reigned .12. years. Before Britain known 734 The year of the world 3179 The year before Christ 784 Bochorus reigned in Egypt .44. years, and gave unto them laws: The year of the world 3183 The year before Christ 780 in his time a lamb spoke in Egypt. Before Britain known 730 The Amazons and Cymmerians made many sudden incursions into Asia, where they long time made great waste and slaughter. The mighty wars of the Peloponenses and athenians, with all their power and force, was kept, wherein by mutual slaughter they were compelled as vanquished to departed one from an other, and to forsake the wars. Naum and Micheus prophesied among the hebrews. Antomenes, The year of the world 3185 The year before Christ 778 the last king of Corinth, reigned one year, Before Britain known 728 After whom they had no more kings, but yearly magistrates were chosen. The kingdom of the Lydians in this time began, where Ardisus first reigned .36. years. Phulassar the second king of Babylon reigned .15. years, Before Britain known 727 he was called also Teglatphulassar, The year of the world 3186 The year before Christ 777 he wasted and took all the region Galatides. Here beginneth the supputation of the Olympiades', The year of the world 3187 The year before Christ 776 the most sure calendar of the Greeks. Before Britain known 726 For the games were celebrated and kept at the mount Olympus every fifty year, in the kalends of may, so that every olympiad contained four years. Aescylus governed the athenians xxiii years. Before Britain known 725 Here failed the kingdom of the Lacedemones. Before Britain known 722 Tyrimas in Macedonia reigned xxxviii years. The year of the world 3188 The year before Christ 775 Before Britain known 721 Achas, the xu king of juda, reigned xvi years, The year of the world 3191 The year before Christ 772 a wicked prince, The year of the world 3192 The year before Christ 771 who wilfully made himself subject to the king of Babylon. Before Britain known 720 The Lacedaemon's warred against the Messene's twenty years cruelly, The year of the world 3193 The year before Christ 770 for the violation of their virgins in the solemn sacrifices of the Messene's. Celius in Thuscain reigned xxi years. Phacea and Rasim, king of Surie, befyeged Achas the king of juda. Before Britain known 718 Hosea deceitfully slew Phacea, and was the last king that reigned over Israel xix years. The year of the world 3195 The year before Christ 768 Tyrteus, a poet of Athenes, was captain of the Lacedemones. Pericles, and Sophocles writer of tragedies, were constituted captains of the athenians. Hitherto Manetho continued his chronicle. Medidus, the king of Media, reigned xl years. The year of the world 3196 The year before Christ 767 Before Britain known 717 RIuallo succeeded Cunedagius, The year of the world 3197 The year before Christ 766 a prince pecible and fortunate, Before Britain known 716 he reigned .46. years. In his time (as our chronicles say) it rained blood, whereof ensued great mortality of people. Uria, high priest, Oseas, Esaias, Amos, Micheas, and Adad prophets flourished. Before Britain known 712 Salmanasar the third king of Babylon reigned .17. years, he took Osea king of Israel, The year of the world 3201 The year before Christ 762 and destroyed their kingdom, leading them captive into Assyria, by the vengeance of god, who suffered long their wickedness. In Lacedemonia Ephorus was constituted their first magistrate. Osea rebelled, denying to pay tribute to the Assyrians. The year of the world 3204 The year before Christ 859 Hosea of Israel desired aid of Sua king of Egypt against the Assyrians. The year of the world 3205 The year before Christ 758 Before Britain known Before Britain known 708 The year of the world The year before Christ 755 Ezechias, the xvi king of juda reigned .29 years, Before Britain known 705 a prince just, virtuous and religious: who cleansed his country from idolatry, and broke the brazen serpent, he brought again the true honouring of god, and restored to the priests their tenths. Alcamenon governed the athenians two years. The year of the world 3210 The year before Christ 753 In the year .1554. after the universal flood, Before Britain known 703 and after Comerus the first king of Italy .1414. After the destruction of Troy .432. And after Brute arrived in England 356. Rome was builded in Itali by Remus & Romulus. The year of the world 3211 The year before Christ 752 Before Britain known 702 Romulus the first king of Romans, the son of Rhea Ilia, the virgin Uestale, reigned 38. years. In the xviii. year of his age, he began to make a little city on the mount of Palatine, afterwards he builded a temple, and made thereof a sanctuary, for the tuition of all transgressors: he ordained laws, and specially, that no Roman should exercise any handy craft: but only give themselves to martial feats and husbandry. Women adulterers, or drunken, to be punished by death, he instituted their sacrifices, he vanquished in battle Acron king of the Cecinenses, consecrating his armour unto jupiter: he overthrew the Antemnates, triumphed over the Sabines, received Tatius their king into the fellowship of his kingdom, took the Fidenes, overcame the Camerines, constituted the hundred Senators, ordained the Centurions, and appointed the twelve sergeants. Finally in the marish Caprea, stricken with lightning, he was never after seen, wherefore they supposed he was taken up to the God's. ¶ The Athenians altered the form of their common weal, The year of the world 3212 The year before Christ 751 choosing a magistrate, Before Britain known 701 whose power should endure ●. years, in which Carops first governed them. Rome, not able to contain in her, two lords, was the cause that Romulus' slu his brother Remus. At that time also was Nunca Pompilius borne. In the ninth year of the rebellion of Osea, was Samaria taken, and the ten tribes led away captive by Salman Assar. Before Britain known 700 Thales Milesius, one of the seven wise men, The year of the world 3213 The year before Christ 750 flourisshed in natural philosophy among the Grecians. Sennacherib the fourth king of Babylon, The year of the world 3218 The year before Christ 745 reigned five years, Before Britain known 695 he besieged Ezechias in Jerusalem, whose army the angel of god destroyed, to the number of .185. thousand, and consumed their bodies in to dust, that the air should not by them be infected. The king fled with a few to Ninive, where after .15. days, he was slain in the temple of his own sons. The Lacedemones kept war twenty years against the Messenians, whose captain Aristomenes, having an hairy heart, slew alone 300. Lacedemones. Before Britain known 692 In this time Sibylla Erithrea lived, who prophesied most plainly of Christ. The year of the world 3221 The year before Christ 742 Before Britain known 691 ¶ Ezechias, in his extreme sickness was healed by god, his life was prolonged by xu years. The son, The year of the world 3222 The year before Christ 741 to the wonder of all the world, returned his course backward by ten degrees. Aesimedes magistrate of Athenes governed them ten years. Midas reigned in Phrigia, and Aliactes in Lydia xiiii. years. Assaradon, the .v. king of Babylon, reigned .v. years. The year of the world 3223 The year before Christ 740 Before Britain known 690 Narus, Syracuse, Cathimo in Sicily, and Ravenna in Italy were builded. The city Messana was taken by the Lacedemones. Merodach the fift king of Babylon, reigned lii years, The year of the world 3227 The year before Christ 736 surnamed Baladad, Before Britain known 686 he sent unto Ezechias ambassadors to signify to him how glad and how joyful he was, for that he had recovered again his health. Sabachon, an Aethiope, reigned in Egypt .22. years, he overcame Bochorus, that was their king. Perdica, king of Macedon, reigned .51. years. The year of the world 3229 The year before Christ 734 Before Britain known 684 hydromancy, or divination by waters was brought into Italy by Persians. Before Britain known 682 Tarpeia, in reward of her treason, The year of the world 3231 The year before Christ 732 being oppressed with shields of the Sabines, gave the name unto the hill Tarpeius, on which the capitol was builded. Elidicus governed the athenians ten years. Cardiceas, called also Anticarmin, the four king of the Medes reigned xiii years. The year of the world 3232 The year before Christ 731 Meles was king of Lydia xii years. Before Britain known 681 The year of the world 3236 The year before Christ 727 Manasses, the xvii, king of juda, reigned .55. years, Before Britain known 677 a wicked prince, The year of the world 3237 The year before Christ 726 who raised up idols, defiled the temple, Before Britain known 676 sacrificed his children to the God's, filled Jerusalem with the blood of innocentes, despised the admonitions of prophets, and put to death the most holy prophet Esias, cutting him in the middle with a saw, wherefore god being displeased, raised up the king of Babylon, who with a mighty power invaded jury, took the king by a train, and brought him captive to Babylon. Than in his captivity, aknowlaging god, he confessed his sins, and took repentance, through which finding grace, he was restored to his kingdom, where he abolished all idolatry, restored the true honouring of god, commanded that it should be observed, and justly passed all the residue of his life in the fear of god. He also repaired the walls of the holy city, and ordained garrisons in all his cities. GUrgustius succeeded Rivallo in this royalme of Britain, The year of the world 3242 The year before Christ 721 and reigned .38. years. Before Britain known 671 Hippomenes governed the athenians .10. years. The Carenses obtained the sovereignty of the sea. The year of the world 3244 The year before Christ 719 The wars that were kept between the Lacedemones and Argives began in Tyria. Before Britain known 669 The year of the world 3248 The year before Christ 715 Candaules reigned in Lydia xvii years, who through the fond love that he had to his wife, Before Britain known 665 for her exceeding fairness, not contented in his mind therewith, but that he must also disclose the secrets of matrimony, as though silence should have been a prejudice to her beauty, showed her naked to his friend Gyges, by which deed his friend being enticed of his wife to adultery, became his mortal enemy, and his wife also alienated her love from him to Gyges. And therefore afterward he was slain by the same Gyges. Romulus' being in the marish Caprea, was never after found. After whose death the senators chose ten judges, who reigned a whole year. Diocles the .v. king of Media, reigned .54. years. Before Britain known 664 Numa Pompilius, The year of the world 3249 The year before Christ 714 the son of Pomponius the eleventh king of Romans reigned .42. years, Before Britain known 663 The year of the world 3250 The year before Christ A man endued both with wit and virtue, he kept no war, he ruled the people in peace, he appointed both laws and customs, ordained the sacrifices & priests, erected many chapels and temples, elected Martius high bishop, created the religion of the Feciales and Salios, consecrated the virgins vestals, divided the year in to months, and to the ten months added january and February. Finally in the 43. year of his reign he died. Tarachus, an Aethiope, reigned in Egypt .20. years. The year of the world 3251 The year before Christ 712 Before Britain known 662 Leochrates ruled the athenians ten years. The year of the world 3252 The year before Christ 711 Before Britain known 661 joel, Naum, prophets among the jews. Before Britain known 655 A pestilent disease invaded Italy, The year of the world 3258 The year before Christ 705 for which cause Numa instituted the priests Salios. ¶ In this time, as many write, Homer the prince of greek poets feigned his work: he both amended and increased the greek letters, and first set forth the rules of grammar. Absander governed the athenians .10. years. The year of the world The year before Christ 701 Before Britain known 651 Gyges king of Lydia, reigned .36. years, he, The year of the world 3265 The year before Christ 698 by the commandment of the queen, Before Britain known 648 slew Condaules, because he had showed her naked to Gyges, and so obtained both his wife and his realm. ¶ Midas reigning in Phrigia, with drinking bulls blood was poisoned. Before Britain known 644 Two years was the roylme of Egypt without a king. The year of the world 3269 The year before Christ 694 Before Britain known 643 Claucus' Chius first invented sondering of metals. The year of the world 3270 The year before Christ 693 Before Britain known 642 ¶ The Scots feigning their original out of Spain, The year of the world 3271 The year before Christ 692 writ, that one Simon breach, a spaniard, was elected to their king, whiles they inhabited Ireland, before they knew yet scotland. And that by him and his successors they were guided by the space of .113. years, ere they arrived in Albion. This Simon brought with him out of Spain, the marble chair, in which the kings of Scots were wont to be crowned, This chair by Edward the first, was taken from them, and brought to Westmynster. Merres an Ethiope reigned in Egypt xii years. Eryxias governed the Athenians ten years. The year of the world 3271 The year before Christ 692 SIsillus, Before Britain known 642 brother to Gurgustius rained in Britain xlix. years. The year of the world 3272 The year before Christ 691 Before Britain known 641 The year of the world 3279 The year before Christ 684 Beumerodach, the seventh king of Babylon, Before Britain known 634 reigned xxi years. Croton, Corcyra, Chalcedon, Phaselis, Sybaris, Locris, and Tarentum cities, in this season were builded. The year of the world 3280 The year before Christ 683 Archaeus, otherwise called Argeus, Before Britain known 633 was king of Macedon xxxviii years, with great love of his subjects. The year of the world 3282 The year before Christ 681 ¶ Here the Athenians altered again the state of their city, for abolishing the power of princes, Before Britain known 631 they yearly elected nine of the nobility to govern them. The year of the world 3283 The year before Christ 80 Stephinatis was king of Egypt vii years. Before Britain known 630 After whom succeeded Nichepsos, a prince singular in astronomy, who reigned viii years. The year of the world 3292 The year before Christ Ammon the xviii king of juda, Before Britain known 621 reigned iii years. A wicked prince, wherefore he perished by the sword of his own servants. ¶ Tullus Hostilius the third king of Romans, reigned xxxii years. He first of the Romans used pourple, and axes or maces to be borne before him. Who supposing the city to wax feeble and weak with ease and idleness, prepared war, overcame the Albans, vanquished the Ueientes and Fidenates, beat down Alba to the ground: of the Romans and Albans were one people made. In the mean while the Sabines gathered an army, between whom a cruel conflict was made at the wood Malicusa, the array of the Sabines was broken, Tullus triumphed, enlarged the city, adding thereunto the mount Coelius. In Rome that time it rained stones, and was vexed with the pestilence. The king taken also with▪ sickness, gave himself to the institution of sacrifices. But finally he with his hole house being stricken with lightning, perished, when he had with great glory of wars reigned .32. years. The barefoot ceremonies were first made in Lacedaemon. The year of the world 3295 The year before Christ ¶ josias the xix king of juda reigned .31▪ years. Before Britain known 618 A virtuous and just prince, for in his very childhod he began to seek the god of his father David. He purged his land from all idols, images, and woods, burned the bones of the priests of Baal, and cleansed all wickedness out of the cities of Manasse, Ephraim, Simeon, and even unto Nephtalim: he repaired the temple, that the holy things might be covered. The book of the law of Moses which had been lost a long time, was found again, which he read unto the people. finally upon to much presumption be made war upon the king of Egypt, in which he was wounded, and died thereof. Leostratus was captain of the athenians. Sibylla Herophila in Samos was greatly esteemed. Before Britain known 617 Psammeticus was king of Egypt .44. years. The year of the world 3296 The year before Christ 667 He received into amity the joves' and Cares, Before Britain known 615 which against their wills arrived in Egypt, The year of the world 3298 The year before Christ 665 granting them a place to inhabit, he increased his host with outward retinue●, he subdued all Egypt, and xxix years besieged Azotus, which at length he took. Archilochus, Simonides, and Aristoxenus, the musician, in this time greatly were esteemed: Before Britain known 613 Nabuchodonoser, The year of the world 3300 The year before Christ 663 the first and vii king of Babylon reigned, xxix. years. Metius Suffetius, capitain of the Albans, for breaking his league, was with horses drawn in pieces. Before Britain known 632 Ardis king of Lydia reigned xxxvii years. ¶ In this time Zaleucus the most severe lawyer of the Locranses flourished, The year of the world 3301 The year before Christ 662 who commanded the eyes of his only son, which was condemned for adultery, to be put out, lest that the general law should be frustrate in him. At length by the prayer of the people gainsaying it, he in such wise moderated his sentence, that he commanded one of his own eyes, and an other of his sons to be put out, that the law might be fulfilled. Phaortes the vi king of Media, reigned xxii years. The year of the world 3303 The year before Christ 660 Before Britain known Cypselus played the tyrant in Corin xxvii years. The year of the world 3307 The year before Christ 656 Before Britain known Alba destroyed, and Byzanee, called now Constantinople, was builded by Pausanias, king of Spartans. Alemeon, Leschon, & Lesbius were had in great renome. Hystrus in Ponto, Chantus, and Stagera in Asia were builded. ¶ Phalaris, tyrant of Agragentine flourished, under whom the cunning artificer Peryllus suffered in his o wne invention. The year of the world 3311 The year before Christ 652 Before Britain known 602 The year of the world 3318 The year before Christ 645 Philippus the vi king of Macedon, reigned .38. years. Before Britain known 595 Tullus kept five years wars with the Latins. Lamsacus, Abdera, Selinis, and P●●isthenes, noble cities, in this time were builded. The year of the world 3323 The year before Christ Grece in this season first enterprised to use the oracles of Apollo at Dodoneus. Before Britain known 590 Damasia ruled the athenians. The year of the world 3324 The year before Christ 639 Ancus martius fourth king of Romans reigned .24. years. He was nephieu to Numa by his daughter. Before Britain known 589 He kept wars with the Latins, took Politorium the second time, beat it down to the ground, brought the people to Rome, increased the city, adding thereunto the mount Aventine, and janiculum, he made the bridge Sublitius upon Tiber, and builded the city Hostia▪ the haven or port of Rome. In this same time L. Tarqvinius Pryscus tam to Rome with his wife Tanaquil. The year of the world 3325 The year before Christ 633 Phaortes, Before Britain known 588 in a conflict made against the Assryians perished. After whom succeeded Cyaraxes, the vii king of Media. 4●. years. Psammitichus, the king of Egipte, joining with the Syrians in battle, obtained the victory. Helchias bigh priest, Hieremias, Sophonias, Baruch, and Olda prophets flourished among the jews. josias provoking the king of Egypt to battle was therein wounded, and died. Of whose death Heremy the prophet made his lamentations. joachas, the twenty king of jews, Before Britain known 587 reigned three months, The year of the world 3326 The year before Christ 937 and was taken and brought captive into Egypt. In whose place his brother joachim was constitute the xxi king of jews, and was king over them xi years. An insolent prince, who not regarding the prophecies of Hierentie, but burning the books thereof, was finally slain, and left unburied like a beast. I Ago, called also Lago, governed this royalme of Britain xxv years. Missena fell from the Lacedaemon's. Before Britain known 586 Nabuchodonosor the great, the ix king of Babylon, The year of the world 3327 The year before Christ called of the jews Nabucadnezer, Before Britain known 584 reigned xliiii years. The year of the world 3329 The year before Christ 634 He subdued the Syrians, Egypcians, Lybians, Hiberians, and brought the jews into captivity. Finally he rebelling as it were against almighty god, by the company of beasts, with whom (by the stroke of god) he was compelled to live, was made humble, and acknowlaged the godhead, to whom he gave praise & glory, as all whose ways be judgements, and works righteous, who also can humble the proud, and give and take kingdoms as pleaseth him. The Scythians entered as far as Palestine, possessed all Asia, and molested Egypt with wars. joachim burned the book of Hieremies' prophecy. After which deed Nabuchodonosor made him tributary. Before Britain known 577 Jerusalem was taken, the king slain, and cast out of the city unburied, The year of the world 3336 The year before Christ 627 according to the prophecy of Hieremy. Before Britain known 576 ¶ joachin, called also jechonias, the xxii king of jews, reigned three months and ten days, The year of the world 3337 The year before Christ 626 he yielded himself willingly unto Nabuchodonosor, by the counsel of Hieremie: who sent him to Babylon, with all the noble men, and ornaments and jewels: among whom also was the prophet Ezechiel. In his stead Nabuchodonoser constituted Mathanias the fourth son of josias, whom he caused to swear by the name of the lord, that faithfully he should serve the Chaldeis, in token whereof, he named him Sedechias, the xxiii. and last king of the jews, who was king xi years, he finally for his arrogancy and untruth both to god & man, was taken, blinded, imprisoned, and miserably finished his life. Before Britain known 575 Periander, the tyrant of Corinth, in this time lived. The year of the world 3338 The year before Christ Sadyates was king of Lydia xu years. Perusina, Mantua, and Dirachium builded. Before Britain known 574 The game of Chess about this season was devised by wise men, The year of the world 3339 The year before Christ 624 to mitigate the minds or hearts of tyrants. Susanna, the most chaste matron of the hebrews, by two false priests was accused of adultery, but by the policy of young Daniel she was purged and the priests committed to the fire. Nechac called also Nechepsos, king of Egipte, Before Britain known 571 reigned vi years. The year of the world 3342 The year before Christ 621 Abacuk and Ezechiel began to prophesy among the hebrews. Draco, the law giver of the athenians, wrote his laws with blood. Sedechias broke his amity with the king of Babylon, The year of the world 3344 The year before Christ 619 and entered in league with the Egipcians. Before Britain known 569 For which cause Nabuchodonoser returned and besieged Jerusalem, which he continued one year, six months and five days. Before Britain known 566 After which the holy city with the most sacred temple, misarably with pestilence famine, sword, and fire was destroyed. The year of the world 3347 The year before Christ 616 The king himself, with all his nobility taken, his children slain before his face, his eyes pulled out, and sent in captivity to Babylon. Thus was the whole nation of jews without respect of age or kind either slain or brought into Babylon's bondage for their obstinacy against god & his prophets and for the sin and prevarication of their kings, priests, and all the people, the year after the universal flood. 169●. after the arrival of Brute .492. after the beginning of the kingdom of the jews .458. after the building of the temple .414. and after the building of Rome .137. ¶ Tarqvinius Priscus, the .v. king of Romans, Before Britain known 565 reigned 37 years, The year of the world 3348 The year before Christ he doubled the numbered of senators, builded the circuit, wherein the plays and pastimes were kept overcame the Sabines, increased the bands of horsemen, subdued the old Latins, first entered Rome with triumph, made the walls, and sinks to convey the filth of the city, and began the capitol. Finally he was slain by the sons of Ancus Mattius, whom he succeeded. Panetius first tyrannized Sixilye. KInimacus succeeded jago in this royalme of britain, The year of the world The year before Christ 612 wherein he reigned .54. years. Before Britain known 562 Eniochida a captain of the athenians. Stesichorus an exceltent poet, in this time flourished. Aliactes reigned in Lydia .49. years. Arion, the excellent harper, by a Dolphin (as it is written) was borne through the sea. Before Britain known 560 Daniel, the most notable prophet, flourished in Babylon. The year of the world 3353 The year before Christ 610 he in his youth by his wisdom delivered the innocent Susanna from death, expounded the dreams of Nabuchodonoser, and finally cast into a den among hungry lions, was by the power of God preserved from harm. afterward he prophesied both of the coming of Christ and also of the empires of Babylon, Media, Persia, Grecia, and the Romans. Nabuchodonoser erected a golden stature or idol, which he commanded to be adored, by which occasion the holy men Ananias, azarias, and Misael triumphed inthe fire. After this he saw the vision of the falling tree, whereby he was warned of his fall. For shortly after he was turned into a beastly fury, living in the woods as a beast seven years. Finally he was restored again to his health and kingdom. Europa's king of Macedon, reigned xxvi years. Before Britain known 557 Pittacus Miteleneus, The year of the world 3356 The year before Christ one of the seven wise men of Grece, in this time excelled both in learning and martial feats. Uaphres, was king of Egypt xxx years. Before Britain known 553 Cyaraxes overcame the Scythians, The year of the world 3360 The year before Christ 603 and recovered Asia Before Britain known 552 Sappho a poetess and prophetess, The year of the world 3361 The year before Christ in this season was greatly renowned. Adrican, king of Penians, yielded himself and his to Aprius, Before Britain known 549 who brought his army into Cireneica, The year of the world 3364 The year before Christ 599 where by them, at Isara his army was overthrown, put to flight, and slain, except a few, who by slight saved themselves. Before Britain known Astyages the viii and last king of Medes, reigned 38. years. The year of the world 3365 The year before Christ 598 He gave his only daughter Mandanes in marriage to Cambyses, a persian, of whom Cyrus was born, which Cambyses, at length was taken by his nephieu Cyrus, and deposed from his empire. Marsiles, a city and fair haven of France, in this time was builded upon the Lumbarde sea. The year of the world 3369 The year before Christ 594 Before Britain known 544 Solon, (who for his wisdom is called one of the seven wise men of Grece, gave laws to the athenians, among the which this is one: that every man yearly should show to the magistrates, his substance and kind of occupation, whereby he honestly lived. And that such children as were not by their parents instructed in some honest faculty, should not be bound in time of need to find them necessaries. He ordained also sharp punishment for slanderers, and them which spoke ill of dead men, and abolished the cruel and bloody laws of Draco, which were tempered with no equytee, but commanded all transgressions equally like to be punished with death. The year of the world 3373 The year before Christ 590 Amilinus Euilmerodach the tenth king of Babylon, Before Britain known 540 reigned .31. years, he in the beginning of his reign took out of prison joachin king of jews, & honoured him above all the princes of Babylon, and his son Asir jechonias was also delivered, who begat Salathiel, the father of Zorobabel. The eclipse of the son, which Thales did pronostique, chanced now. The year of the world The year before Christ 585 Cyrus, among the shepherds children in their plays, was called their king. Before Britain known 535 Astyages, to be revenged on Harpagus, for the saving of Cyrus, gave him his own son to eat. The Hetruscians adorned Tarqvinius with a golden crown, a sceptre, an ivory seat, and a purple vesture. The year before Christ 584 The five years war between the Sabines and Romans began. The year of the world 3379 Before Britain known 534 Astyages warred against the Lydians. The year of the world 3381 The year before Christ 582 Astybarus, with his son Apanda, reigned in Media x●. years▪ as Metasthenes writ th'. Before Britain known The plays of Apollo called Ist●●ia and Pythia, were in this time first kept. Alcetas was king of Macedon xxix years. The year of the world The year before Christ 581 The Scots, as their chronicles show, Before Britain known 531 in this time began to inhabit scotland, The year of the world 3383 The year before Christ 580 where they lived long time under sundry captains as they called them, Before Britain known 530 until the time of Fergus, son of Ferquard, king of Ireland, who aided the Scots against the Pichtes, and was the first king of Scots, as they say. The Sabines yielded them to the Romans. Anaximander, a renowned philosopher and phisicien, in this time flourished. He taught the course of the celestial bodies, and first made the Horoscopy or ascendent, and also discrived the circuit of the land and sea. Archestratides was king of Athenes. Before Britain known 527 Servius Tullius the sixth king of Romans, The year of the world 3386 The year before Christ 577 reigned 44. years. He overcame the Ueientes and Hetruscians, subdued the Sabines, added the three hills Quirinalis, Fiminales and Aesquilinus to the city, he did ●●ste a dyche about the walls, and first of all ordained the valuation and numbering of the people, which yet to all the world was known. Under whom Rome being brought to a valuation, had .84. thousand heads of citizens. Finally he was slain by. L. Tarqvinius the proud, who (Servius yet living) affected the kingdom, by the enticement of his wife Tulla, the daughter of Servius. Claudia a virgin vestal, accused of incest, for her purgation, went to the shalowes of Tiber, where fastening her girdle to a ship there sticking, spoke these words: If I be a virgin, follow me. Incontinent she drew the ship out of the shalowes to Rome. Before Britain known 523 Anamasis king of Egypt, reigned .42. years. The plays exercised naked, were kept at Athenes. The year of the world 3390 The year before Christ 373 Aesopus, a Phrygian, by fortune bond, but in wit free and excellent, in this time flourished by feigning his pleasant fables. Before Britain known 521 Croesus, the last king of Lydio, reigned xiiii years. In the beginning of his reign fortune favoured him, The year of the world 3402 The year before Christ 562 whereby he gathered exceeding richesses, by which he was so elated, that he enterprised wars against Cyrus' king of Persia, by whom he was taken, and set upon a great pile of wood to be burned. Than Croesus, remembering the words of Solon, who had told him before. That no man could be counted blessed or on all parts happy, before the last day of his life, with a great exclamation cried out, Solon, Solon, Solon. Which words Cyrus hearing, caused of him to be demanded, what he was, whom he called upon: than Croesus declared the whole circumstance of the matter, which thing Cyrus perceiving, acknowlaged himself to be also a man, and sore repent, that he went about to burn him, who was equal to him in honour and riches, and hastily commanded him to be delivered from the fire: whom always after he had in great honour, and used much his counsel. Herodotus at this Croesus began to write his history. Cyrus, by the counsel of Harpagus, brought his army against Astyages, and overcame him in battle. Here the historians do somewhat vary, for Metasthenes writeth, that Cyrus and Darius together vainguished Apanda, whom I suppose to be Astyages▪ and that they reigned also together. But I will follow the certain computation and agreement of most histories. CYrus, Before Britain known 510 the first emperor of Persia reigned 30. years, The year of the world 3403 The year before Christ 560 he overcame the Medes & Chaldeis, and reunited the monarchy, bringing it into Persia, when the strong city of Babylon subdued all Asia, took Croesus' king of Lydia prisoner, delivered the jews from the captivity of Babylon. Finally by the overmuch desire of dominion, warring in Scythia, was by Thomiris, queen thereof (whose son and army he had overthrown) slain, and with him .20000. Persians, whose head she caused to be cut of, and put into a vessel of blood as a meet tomb for it, with these words: satisfy thyself with blood, which thou hast always thyrsted: He excelled all men in his time in goodly parsonage, wisdom, prowess, and specially in memory, which was so excellent that he knew all the men in his army, and called them by their sundry names, when they came to him, he also gloried in the gardens and orchards which with his own hands he made, and the comely order of the trees that he had planted. Chilon and Anaximines' phylosophyers' in this time flourished. COrbodug succeeded his father Kinimacus in this royalme of Britain, The year of the world 3404 The year before Christ 550 as our Chronicles write lxiii years. Before Britain known 509 Regassar, the xi king of Babylon, reigned iii years. servius kept wars with the Hetruscians .20. years, after which they yielded. Before Britain known 507 Pisistratus the tyrant of Athenes, The year of the world 3406 The year before Christ overcominge the Megarenses, Before Britain known 506 by craft possessed their empire xxxiiii years. The year of the world 3407 The year before Christ 556 Labas Ardach, the .12. king of Babylon, reigned .6. years. Atis the son of Croesus, in hunting by chance was slain with a dart, notwithstanding the great provision and carefulness of his father, which before time dreamt that his son should perish with iron. Xenophanes Colophonius, a philosopher, in this time lived. Before Britain known 502 Amintas king of Macedon, reigned .50. years. The year of the world 3411 The year before Christ 552 Croesus raised war against Cyrus. Before Britain known 500 ¶ Balthasar last king of Babylon, reigned .v. years. The year of the world 3413 The year before Christ 550 A prince given to voluptee, who abusing the holy vessels of the jews in his vicious banquets, was for that cause slain by Cyrus and Darius in the taking of Babylon. After this the hole monarchi was reduced to the persians. Daniel saw the mystery of the four empires of the Chaldeis, Persians, Greeks and Romans. Croesus' king of Lydia was taken by Cyrus in battle. The year of the world 3415 The year before Christ 548 Before Britain known 498 Cyrus and Darius according to the prophecy of Daniel, Before Britain known 496 took Babylon, and slew king Balthasar. The year of the world 3417 The year before Christ 546 Daniel by the envy of the princes, was chaste into a den of lions, where by the power of god, he remained unhurt ¶ The same time perceiving the end of the captivytye to draw near, he prayed god in fasting, sack cloth, and ashes to witsafe to bring his people to their land, whose prayer was herd. Barathias, called also zorobabel, The year of the world 3418 nephieu to joachim and jesus the high priest, Before Britain known 495 with .45370. The year before Christ 545 jews were delivered free from Babylon by Cyrus, and returned into their own land: where they repaired again their city, cast the foundation of the temple, renewed their laws, and sacrifices, albeit they were sometime letted by their borderers. Before Britain known 492 Pisistratus the second time reigned in Athenes. The year of the world 3421 The year before Christ 542 Before Britain known 489 Polycrates, the fortunate tyrant of Samos, The year of the world 3424 The year before Christ 539 overcame the Lesbians, and entered enleague with Amasis, at the last by a train be was hanged by Ozetes. Malachias, Aggeus, and Zacharias prophets lived. L. Tarqvinius the proud, the vii king of Romans reigned .25. years, The year of the world 3430 The year before Christ 533 Before Britain known 483 he first brought into the city the use of bonds, whips, staves, dungeons, prisons, fetters, chains, banishementes, and other punishments, he overcame the Uolscians, and Gabians, he subdued Suessa, and Pometia, he made peace with the tuscans, and builded a temple to jupiter in the capitol. finally, besieging Ardea, he lost his kingdom. For when his eldest son Sex. Tarqvinius, had ravished the noble and chaste matron Lucrece, wife of Collatine, and she complaining this injury to her husband, father, and other friends, in all their sights with a knife had finished her life: Then Brutus and Collatinus, taking thereof occasion moved the people to a more libertee ', and so expelled Tarquin from his kingdom, he forsaken also of his army, came unto Rome, where the gates were closed against him. Cyrus' in Scythia warring against Thomiris, Before Britain known 481 the queen of Massagetes, The year of the world 3432 The year before Christ 531 with .200000. Persians was slain. Cambyses his son, the xi emperor of Persia, Before Britain known 480 reigned .7. years & .v. months. The year of the world 3433 The year before Christ 530 He added to his monarchy Egypt, overcoming Psammenitus the king thereof, he subdued the Aethiopians. He was a prince cruel and ebreous, he slew his brother, and sister. Among other his cruel deeds, as it was severe so was it righteous, for he caused a false judge to be slain quick, whose skin he hanged over the judgement seat, to be had always in remembrance of those that possessed that place. He prohibited the jews from building their city, pulled down the temples of the Aegipcians God's, where with a tempest in the sands he was destroyed, receiving for his wickedness condign punishment. The samians builded Cydonia in Candy. Psammenitus, the last king of Egypt, Before Britain known 479 reigned one year, The year of the world 3434 The year before Christ 529 and was slain by Cambyses: after whom the royalme of Egypt was brought under the monarchy of the Persians. Pythagoras, the famous philosopher, in this time flourished, whose school was not occupied in naturals and astronomy as other, but in arithmetic geometry, and music, which he reduced first into sciences, and albeit that in his time none was comparable to him in wisdom, yet would he not be called a wise man, but a philosopher that is, a lover of wisdom, his doctrine was divine and commodious, the which he teaching to other, enjoined them to keep silence five years, and here him diligently, ere they demanded of him any question. He never would do sacrifice with any blood. He would eat nothing that had life. finally he continued his life in wonderful abstinency and continency to his immortal name. Before Britain known 473 Smerdes, the magician, the iii emperor of Persia, The year of the world 3440 The year before Christ 52 reigned, seven. months. He by the Peers of Persia, with his brother was slain. After whose death they consulted for the governance of the empire, where Darius the son of Hytaspis, through the admonition of his friend Zorababel made a vow unto almighty god, that he would repair his temple, if he might be king, neither was his hope frustrate, for by neyghinge of his horse, and sudden lightning therewith▪ he was saluted king. Orestes, the president of Sardis, hanged Polycrates the tyrant of Samos. Hrypagus and Hippias exercised their tyranny in Athenes. Darius' the son of Hitaspis, the four emperor of Persia, Before Britain known 472 reigned xxxvi years. The year of the world 3441 The year before Christ 522 He by thee nyghinge of his horse, as it were by a certain oracle, was declared king. Esdras and Nehemias call him Artaxerxes. He gave licence again to the jews to build their temple, he constituted twenty provinces, & through the persuasion of his wife Atossa enterprised to war upon Grecia. Democedes, a notable physician, in this time flourished, who being captive to Darius, healed him of his foot, being wrenched, which before could not be remedied by all his physicians. Orestes, by his own guard, through the means of Bargeus, and commandment of Darius was slain. Before Britain known 471 Aggens began to prophecy among the jews who rebuked them, The year of the world 3442 The year before Christ 521 for that they were slack in the work of the lord. Zacharias also prophesied the same time among them. Armonius and Aristogiton slew Hipparchus the tyrant and Lova an harlot, their concubine, when with grievous torments she was forced to bewray them, she bitten in sunder her tongue, and spit it forth. Cleomenes, the king of Sparta lived. Meandrius by craft obtained Samos, expulsing Syloson. The year of the world 3446 The year before Christ 517 The temple of the jews was finished, Before Britain known and with great joy dedicated to the lord, wherein they offered their sacrifices, and celebrated their Phase in gratulation that god had turned the heart of Darius to them. The year of the world 3449 The year before Christ 514 Babylon rebelled against Darius, Before Britain known 464 and after long siege by the counsel and help of Zopyrus, he recovered it. That time by his captain Otanes, he restored Syloson to his realm. Megapisus son of Zopyrus, presidente of Egipte, kept wars against the athenians. The year of the world 3451 The year before Christ 512 Darius, for the revengement of Cyrus made a voyage against the Scythians, he subdued the Getes, Before Britain known 462 the Thracians yielded themselves, but the Scythians put him to shameful flight. About this time chanced the history of judith, as Philo writeth. But some suppose that it was done before the monarchy of the Persians, for when the empire was in their hands, neither the Medes ne Asfyrians had any king of their own. Therefore this will I leave unto the judgement of the readers. This most chaste matron judith stroke of the head of Holophernes, the most terrible captain of the Assyrians, and delivered her country from grievous affliction. The year of the world 3453 The year before Christ 516 Megapizus was constituted general capitain of Darius' army in Europa, he took Perynthus, Before Britain known subdued all Thracia, vanquished the Peones, and sent ambassadors to Amintas king of Macedonia, to submit himself, which ambassadors for their incontinency and drunkenness were by Alexander the kings son slain. Tarqvinius Superbus, the last king of Romans, with all his family, were expulsed the city, for the ravishment of Lucrece .244. year after the building of Rome. The kings being thus driven out of the city, the state of the common weal was changed, for the loveraigne dominion was in the governance of the Senate, among whom there were yearly chosen two consuls, Before Britain known 458 The year of the world 3455 The year before Christ 508 whose authority in that office continued but one year. L. junius Brutus. & L. Tarqvinius Collatinus were created the first consuls of Rome. Brutus for the fervent love to his country, commanded his own sons and nephews to be beheaded, for that they had conspired to bring in Tarquin again. After in a battle fought against Tarquin he was slain. Collatinus was deposed from his consulship, in whose place P. Ualerius was substituted. The athenians likewise elected yearly magistrates. Isagrus captain of the athenians. ¶ Tarqvinius, with the aid of Porsenna, king of Hetruscians, Before Britain known 456 besieged Rome, and had taken it, The year of the world 3457 The year before Christ had not the valiant Horatius Cocles resisted them on the bridge Sublitius, whiles it was hewn in sunder behind him, whereby a great number of their enemies were drowned and he leaping into the water, armed as he was, swum to his company. The same time Mutius Scevola, a senator of Rome went into the camp of Porsenna, to have slain him, thereby to have delivered the city from that grievous siege, but he struck an other in stead of the king, wherefore when he was taken and brought before the king, and threatened, that he should for that deed be put to death, he looked aside and saw a great fire, wherinto he put his arm, and there held it still, till it was bourned of, which stern deed, and the words, that he said, how that three hundred in Rome had sworn as well as he, to slay the king, caused Porsena, to make peace with the Romans, and so broke up his army, and went his way. The same time Chloelia a virgin, being in hostage with Porsenna, deceived her keepers, and swum over Tiber to Rome, where she excited the people to defend their city, and for that cause was honoured with an image set up for her remembrance. Before Britain known Otanes successor to Megabizus, capitain of Darius, The year of the world 3458 The year before Christ 505 took Byzance, with divers other cities. ¶ Acestorides, captain of the Ateniens. The Romans and Sabines fought together, in which battle the Romans were victors, there were slain of the Sabines .13000. and were taken .4200. The year of the world 3459 The year before Christ 504 Before Britain known 454 The year of the world 3460 The year before Christ 503 Alexander, the ten king of Macedon, reigned .43. years. Before Britain known 453 He was surnamed Bubaris. The year of the world 3461 The year before Christ 502 Before Britain known 452 P. Ualerius Plublicola, the contemner of richesse, after he had been four times consul, died so poor, that he was buried by the common expenses of the city. ¶ The same year a conflict was fought between the Romans and Aruncians, wherein the Romans as victors triumphed. ¶ The jones and athenians took Serdis and burned it. The year of the world 3463 The year before Christ 500 In the ninth year after the expulsion of the kings, a new dignity was created in Rome, Before Britain known 450 called the Dictatorshyp, which was of more power than either the consulship or master of the horsemen, for they all were obedient to the dictator, and he was not chosen but in dangerous wars, ne continued longer in that office than six months. The Persians overcame the jones, and took Miletum. ¶ Mardonius, The year of the world 3464 The year before Christ 499 receiving of Darius a mighty navy, Before Britain known 449 subdued the Thasios, and brought the Macedons in subjection. near unto Athenes, by tempest of the sea, he suffered a great wreck, wherein there perished .20000. men. He brought, to his no little damage and hurt, Brygis under his power. A conspiracy in Rome to bring in Tarquin, but by the industry of the consul Servius, they were apprehended and put to death. A. Post humius the Dictator fought with the Latins, where he overcame and triumphed. FErrex, with his brother Porrex, Before Britain known 446 ruled this land of britain .v. years, The year of the world 3467 The year before Christ 496 but it was not long ere they fell at civil discord for the sovereign dominion, in which Ferrex was slain. And Porrex afterwards, by his mother was killed in his bed. Thus cruelly was the blood and house of Brute destroyed, when that this realm by the space of .616. years had been governed by that lineage. The feasts Saturnales were instituted in Rome. Tarquin died at Cume. In Rome were constituted xxxi. tribus. Before Britain known 444 The common people rose up against the Senators for defente of their liberty, Before Britain known 443 The year of the world 3469 The year before Christ 494 The year of the world 3470 The year before Christ 453 but by the wisdom of Memmius Agrippa, they were pacified, and had granted unto them the tribuneshyp, that is protectors of the communaltee. Before Britain known 442 ¶ The athenians, by their captain Callimachus, The year of the world 3471 The year before Christ 492 with the counsel of Melciades, at Maratho overthrew the army of the Persians, in which battle there fell of the Persians .9300. of the athenians .192. The Uolsces were vanquished, and peace was made. Before Britain known 441 After the death of the two brethren Ferrex and Porrex, The year of the world 3472 The year before Christ 491 this royalme was rend in pieces with civil wars, for lack of one sovereign governor, which continued the space. of .51. years, until that the noble Dunwall reduced the same in to one monarchy. Gelon, tyrant of Sicily, reigned. ¶ Darius receiving acknowledge of the overthrow of his army at Maratho, prepared in three year war against the Grecians. ¶ A great famine and pestilence in Rome. Before Britain known 440 Marcus Coriolanus, by the protectors of the communaltee was exiled, The year of the world 3473 The year before Christ 490 the Uolscians received him for their capitain, they proclaimed war against the Romans, they took many cities of the Latins, & bisieged Rome. Finally at the humble prayers of his mother, and wife, he raised up his siege, for which cause, the king of the Uolscians slew him. Before Britain known 438 The Egyptians rebelled against the Persians. The year of the world 3475 The year before Christ 488 Darius in the preparation of his wars died. Before Britain known 436 Xerxes the fift emperor of Persia reigned .20. years. The year of the world 3477 The year before Christ 486 He succeeded his father, in the will to serve and honour god, and did all things following him, that pertained to religion, and used the jews liberally. He exceeded all his predecessors in richesse, and raised up all his power against the Grecians. He also subdued the Egyptians, constituting his brother precedent over them. Hamilcar, captain of the Carthaginenses. Leostratus of the athenians. The law Agraria in Rome was made. ¶ Xerxes, with an army of .1000000. men, and a navy of 1208. ships made his expedition into Grece. The year of the world 3478 The year before Christ 485 Before Britain known 435 At his setting forth, The year of the world 3842 The year before Christ 481 upon the cost Sapiades, in a calm day, Before Britain known 431 by a sudden pyrey .400. of his ships were lost, he made a bridge over the streictes of Helespontus with his ships, whereupon his army passed over. The year of the world 3483 The year before Christ 480 Before Britain known 430 When he came to Athenes, he bourned the city. The Grecians took xu ships of Artemisium, of which Sandaces was admiral. The battle fought at the streictes of Thermopyle, where Leonides captain of the Lacedemones, with 600. men put to flight the great army of Xerxes, and there, with very weariness of fight, died in the defence of their country. Themistocles likewise at Salamine, with a small noumbre of ships, destroyed the mighty navy of the Persians. ¶ That day, that the Grecians overthrew the Persians at Salamine, Gelon and thereon vanquished Amylcar in Sicily. Amylco succeeded▪ his father Amylcar in Carthage. Before Britain known 429 The year of the world 3484 The year before Christ 479 Athenes, Thesbia, and Platea, were destroyed by the barbarous people. Fabius fought a sore battle with the Hetruscians in which he was victor: he would not triumph because of the great numbered that was slain. The year before Christ 478 ¶ The family of Fabius, Before Britain known 428 at their own charge for the public weal, The year of the world 3485 warred against the Ueientes, in which they were all slain, except one, who by his prowess and wisdom revived that name again. The year before Christ 485 Mardonius took Athenes, Before Britain known 425 & received of Xerxes' .30000 men, The year of the world 3488 and caused the king to return into his royalme. They fought at Plateas, where they were put to flight The same day upon the sea Lenthichides overcame them also. jonia forsook the Persians. Xerxes' a fresh prepared war against the Grecians▪ Before Britain known 422 The year of the world 3491 The year before Christ 472 Cymon the son of Mylciades, capitain of the athenians overcame him both on land and sea, and compelled him to flee away in a little fisher boot, where before scarce the land and sea were able to receive his power. For these wars thus unfortunately achieved, he begun to be contemned of his people, and at last was murdered by Artabanus his precedent. ¶ A sedition in Rome for the law Agraria. Before Britain known 421 The mistocles distroiing and driving away the barbarians, re-edified and walled Athenes. The year of the world 3492 The year before Christ 471 At the last for all his benefits, by his unnatural country men, he was banished, and of force driven to go unto Xerxes his utter enemy, who rereyved him honourably, and would have sent him with an army against the athenians: but he, choosing rather to die, than to be unfaithful to Xerxes, or else to destroy his country, poisoned himself. Sedition and pestilence in the city of Rome. Urbinia a virgin Uestale, for losing her chastity, was buried quick. Aristides of Athenes, for his wisdom, justice and temperance was right noble and famous. He not withstanding that the Atheniens had exiled him without any cause but only for that he was counted to excel in justice, yet at his departing he prayed to god, that what so ever they desired, it might come to good effect and conclusion. And when he was called again from banishment, he never remembered any old displeasure, in so much that he alway honoured Themistocles, with whom he had perpetual contention in the wealepublike. Of his temperance this was a great token, that notwithstanding, he had been in the greatest dygnytiee and offices in the common weal of Athenes, yet died he so poor, that he left not sufficient to bury him worshypfullye. And his daughters were married at the common charge of the city. And to his son Lycimacus was given by the people one hundred Minae which is of our money .239. pounds xi s. viii. d. Unto this time Herodotus wrote his history. The year before Christ 469 Before Britain known 419 ¶ Amilco, captain of Cartage, about this time, The year of the world 3494 after many victories both on land and sea, lost all his army by pestilence in Sicily. Before Britain known 417 Artabanus, in hope to obtain the empire, slew Xerxes, The year of the world 3496 whom Artaxerxes to be revenged of his father's death with his sword thrust him through the body, The year before Christ 467 when he had reigned vii months. Artaxerxes the seventh emperor of Persia, surnamed long hand, reigned xl years▪ his dominion was from the furthest part of Ind, unto Aethiope, over an .127. provinces, The year of the world 3497 The year before Christ 466 he embraced peace, Before Britain known 416 and therefore was beloved of his subjects. Artaxerxes made a great feast unto his lords, be put away from him the queen Uaschi, The year of the world 3499 The year before Christ 464 Before Britain known 414 because she refused to come to him, and caused many maidens to be brought before him: among whom in place of Uasche, he chose Hester. Sicily was governed by the people. Quintius builded in Rome the brothelhouses. The Romans mustered, in which there were found .124 214. heads of citizens. A pestilence in Rome, wherein the consuls died. Before Britain known 412 The Uolscians besieged Rome. The year of the world 3501 The year before Christ 462 The Romans triumphed over the Uolscians with their allies. The year of the world 3502 The year before Christ 461 Before Britain known 411 In this battle the name of Uolscians was almost destroyed. For there fell of them in discomfiture 10470. taken prisoners with xiii insignes .1250. Esdras, by the licence of Artaxerxes, came from Babylon to Jerusalem with .1775. jews, The year of the world 3503 The year before Christ 460 Before Britain known 410 to repair the law and city of god, and to teach the people. For he gathered and brought in order the books of holy scripture, before scattered and destroyed, and invented the hebre charectes, which be used at this day. This year also Hester began to reign as queen. Perdiccas, king of Macedon, reigned .28. years. Before Britain known 409 The year of the world 3504 The year before Christ 459 The servants in Rome rebelled, they took the capital by their captain Herdonius, and slew Ualerius the consul The consuls triumphed over the Uolscians, Before Britain known 408 the city mustered, The year of the world 3505 The year before Christ 458 in which there were. 1●2419. citizens. Quintius Cincinatus was chosen dictator from the plough, The year of the world 3506 The year before Christ 457 Before Britain known 407 who wiping away the dust and sweat from his face, entered the city, and received that high authority: in which by his prowess and wisdom, he not only delivered the city from the assault of their enemies, but also vanquished them. After which victory he surrendered his office and dignity, and repaired again to his husbandry, which he diligently applied. A sedition. The ten Tribunes or protectors of the comminaltee were created. ¶ A man persuaded Artaxerxes to command all the jews to be slain, Before Britain known The year of the world The year before Christ 456 because Mardocheus would not do reverence unto him. Before Britain known 405 The year of the world 3508 The year before Christ 455 The king granted, and the commandment was sent forth, and when it should be executed. In the mean while Hester declared her kindred, and delivered the whole nation from that mischief. A man was hanged upon the gallows, which he had prepared for Mardocheus, and the other was exalted into the kings favour, who (as Philo witnesseth) lived .198. years. Empedocles and Parmenides philosophiers of Athenes in this time flourished. The first in music was notable, the other sequestering himself from all company, on the mountain Caucasus, devised the science of logic. Cratinus, & Plato, comedy writers, and Aristarchus maker of tragedies, lived. A dissension in Rome for the law Agraria. ¶ Neemias obtained licence of the king and queen Hester, Before Britain known 403 to fynyshe Jerusalem. The year of the world 3510 The year before Christ 453 At this day beginneth the computation of the .70. weeks of Daniel, every week containing seven year, which finished at the death of Tiberius: after whom Gaius caused his image to be set in the temple, under the name of great jupiter. ¶ Neemias, with the help of Eliasib, high priest, son of joachim and Resa Mosolla, son of zorobabel, with other princes of the people, in .52. days finished their work. And for fear of the invasions of their enemies, they held their weapons in one hand, and wrought with the other. The walls being builded, Neemias commanded the people to assemble, and recited unto them the law and celebrated the feast of that month, he governed the people .12. years, and after returned unto the king, as he promised. Not long after he repaired again into jury, where he wrote the book of his own gests, and quietly finished his life. The Romans had hitherto no certain law to preserve common concord and peace in their public weal, whereby controversies and dissensions rose amongst them. For which cause they elected ten men, whom they sent in to grease, to write out the laws of Solon, and to learn the customs also of other great cities, using moreover the counsel of the wise philosophers. The ten tables were drawn out, which were hanged openly in the court of Rome. This is the original of the Roman laws, which they borrowed of the Grecians. ¶ Famaine & pestilence invaded the city, the Consul Nuintilius died, The year of the world 3511 The year before Christ 452 Before Britain known in whose place was substituted Sp. Furius. The ambassadors returned from Greece with Solon's laws. The year of the world 3512 The year before Christ 451 Before Britain known 401 The people of Rome altered the state of their common weal, The year of the world The year before Christ 450 for in place of their consuls, Before Britain known 400 they created ten men who had power given them to stablish laws. The law of the ten tables was confirmed in Rome. Anaxagoras, a notable philosopher, master of Pericles, in this time lived. Sophocles, a poet of Athenes, and a writer of tragedies, flourished. Pericles, the valiant captain of the athenians, in this time was renowned for his wisdom and prows. In all his time he nothing increased his revenues, but always enriched the common weal. Finally being sick unto death, the noble men of the city coming to comfort him, talked among themselves, how by his martial prows, he was victor in nine great battles. Which words Pericles hearing, said unto them. That he much marveled that they extolled so much that thing, whereof the more part was in fortune, and had happened to other as well as to him: and that which was most to be praised, they spoke nothing of it. For never man (said he) in this city, by mine occasion, had cause to mourn. Appius Claudius, with his fellows, Before Britain known 398 by force obtained the sovereign dominion. The year of the world 3515 The year before Christ 448 To the first ten tables, two more were added. The ten men were deposed for their tyranny and lasciviousness, specially for the death of Sicius, and ravyshment of the daughter of Uirginius, whom her father, to keep her undefiled, with his own hands slew. ¶ The consuls were created again, and Appius cast in prison and after exiled. Pericles captain of the athenians made truce with the Lacedemones for xxx years. Before Britain known 349 Hitherto writeth Dionisyus Halicarnasseus. The year of the world 3517 The year before Christ 444 Before Britain known 391 MUlmutius Dunwallo the son of Cloten, The year of the world 3522 The year before Christ 441 duke of Cornwall, reduced his royalme into one monarchy, being before, by civil wars and dissension lacerated and brought into divers dominions. He was the first that was crowned king and constituted good laws, which long after were called Mulmutius laws, he gave privileges unto temples and ploughs, and began to make the four notable ways in britain. In london called then Trenovant, he builded a great temple which some suppose to be S. Paul's, some Blackewell haul. Finally when he had brought this royalm to wealth and quietness, reigning herein .40 years, he died honourably, leaving after him two valiant and noble sons, Belinus and Brennus. The office of Censores instituted in Rome. Before Britain known 388 A famine in Rome, The year of the world 3525 The year before Christ 438 by which many for lack were forced to throw themself into Tiber. An earthquake chanced also. The Fidenates rebelled against the Romans. Before Britain known 386 Tolumnius, king of Ueientes, The year of the world 3527 The year before Christ 436 commanded the Roman ambassadors to be slain. Before Britain known 385 The Romans in revenging the death of their ambassadors warred against the Fidenates, and Uetentes, The year of the world 3528 The year before Christ 435 Tolumnius was slain, and the Romans triumphed Before Britain known 383 judas the son of Eliasib. was constituted high priest of the jews. The year of the world 3530 The year before Christ 433 About this time the athenians confederated them selves with the Corcirens. The Corinthians kept grievous sea war with the Corcirens, in which, both parties gloried to be victors. ¶ About this time the wars of Peloponessus began. For the cities of Grece, after they had expulsed the Persians, being of greater strength and power, waxed proud and insolent, and thereby fell at discord and variance among themselves, and for light and small causes vexed each other with cruel deadly and continual wars: in so much that by them Grece was utterly destroyed, and lastly lost their liberty, and were brought in servage under king Philip of Macedon: and for their honest and commendable laws and form of governance, which they had used before time, succeeded a dissolute order of all things, and great corruption of manners. The first occasion of this war began between Corcyra and Corinth, with whom the other cities took part, so that all Grecia was divided. And the chief leaders of one part were the athenians, and of the other the lacedemonians. These wars (as Xenophon witnesseth) continued .28. years. with great variety and change of Fortune. For sometimes the athenians, by the manhood and policy of their captains had the upper hand, sometime the Lacedemones. But in the end, the athenians were vainquished, their country destroyed, and the walls of the city beaten to the ground, and they put under the servage. of .30. tyrants. An Eclipse of the Son. Archelaus, the king of Macedon, reigned .24. years. The year of the world The year before Christ 431 Archidamas king of Lacedaemon. Before Britain known 381 The athenians in battle on horseback overthrew the Peloponenses in Phrigia. Cleopompus, capitain of the Athenians, took Thronium, vanquished the Locreans, drove the Aegineis out of their country, to whom the Lacedemones gave lands to inhabit upon. A sore pestilence took the athenians. Before Britain known 380 The Lacedemones ambassadors, The year of the world The year before Christ 430 taken by Sadocus, were slain of the athenians. ¶ Sitalces, king of Thrace, warred upon Perdiccas, Before Britain known 379 and wasted the country of Macedon, The year of the world 3534 The year before Christ 429 but by the counsel of Setheus, to whom Perdiceas had promised his sister Stratenices in marriage: Sitalces returned again into his country. The lacedemonians besieged Platea in Grece, which was confederate with the Athenians. Lesbus forsook the friendship of the athenians. The Chalcidenies overthrow and slew the athenians. The athenians by their captain Phormio overcame the Corinthians. Pachetes, captain of the athenians, took again Myti●ene and Lesbus. Platea was taken by the Lacedemones and beaten down. Before Britain known 378 The year of the world 3535 The year before Christ 428 And Athenes shaken with divers earthquakes, likewise the isles of Euboea and Atulanta. A grievous sedition and ruffling in Corcyra, where many of the noble men were slain, and divers of the commons fearing to come to the hands of their adversaries murdered themselves in the temples. The Syracusane wars with the Leontines in Sicily began. Agis king of Lacedaemon's, Domosthenes invaded the Aetolians, Before Britain known 377 he was vainquished and put to flight. The year of the world 3536 The year before Christ 427 Demosthenes vanquished and slew the Peloponenses and Ambracians nigh to Argos. The athenians took Pilus, and put the Lacedæmonians to great hurt and damage. Before Britain known 375 Xerxes, the second, The year of the world 3538 The year before Christ 424 and eight emperor of Persia reigned two months. Sogdianus the ix emperor of Persia reigned .8. months A great drought in Rome and Nali. The athenians took Scandia, and Cythera, spoiled and bourned Thirca. An Eclipse of the son, and an earthquake in certain places of Grece. Before Britain known 374 Darius, surnamed Nothus, The year of the world 3539 The year before Christ 424 the tenth emperor of Persia, reigned xix years he did much damage to the athenians, for the old rancour between them. Brasidas, the Lacedemnian captain, got Amphipolis took Torona, received by dedition divers cities of the part of the Athenians, and besieged Lecythus. The Bocotians vanquished the athenians at Delos, and took it. Truce taken between the athenians and the Lacedaemon's. Before Britain known 373 The year of the world 3540 The year before Christ 423 The Ueientes overthru the Romans, for which cause Mamercus Emilius was elected dictator, who vaynquished the Ueientes and Fidenates. ¶ Cleon, the captain of athenians recovered Sicionia and Torona, which had given up to the Lacedæmonians. At Amphipolis Brasidas vanquished and slew Cleon, himself being also wounded to death, after whom succeeded Clearidas. The lacedemonians made truce with the athenians for .50 years, and builded Heraclea. The athenians, by the means of Alcibiades entered in league with the Argives and other for .100. years. The year of the world 3543 The year before Christ 420 Uulturnum was taken by the Samnites, which by their captain Capy, was after named Capua. Before Britain known 370 The year of the world 3545 The year before Christ 418 The Lacedemones, by their captain Agis, overthrow and vanquished the Argives, Before Britain known with whom also they made league. The year of the world 3547 The year before Christ 416 A commotion of servants in Rome, who conspired to destroy the city with fire. Before Britain known 366 The athenians took Melos by dedition, and killed all the youth, bringing the residue to bondage. The Athenians with their captains Alcibiades, Nicias and La●●achus, sailed into Sicily. And the said Alcibiades was incontinent sent for home, and should for certain offences, have been banished. But he having knowledge thereof fled to the Lacedaemon's, whom he stirred to war upon his own country, and by his authority withdrew many cities of Asia from the obedience of the athenians. afterward he was called from banishment, and achieved many great victories in the quarrel of his country men, as shall after be touched. The year of the world 3548 The year before Christ 415 Wars of Sicily were renewed. Before Britain known 365 The year of the world 3549 The year before Christ 414 The Syracusanes were besieged, Before Britain known 364 and vanquished of the athenians. The Lacedemones sent them succours with their captain Gilippus. Egypt left the Persians, Before Britain known 363 and those Amartheus to their king, The year of the world 1550 The year before Christ 413 who reigned vi years. The Thracians took Mycalessum, and put all the people to the sword, without respect of age, who likewise by the Thebans were all slain. The Syracusanes obtained a great victory over the athenians. Nicias and Demosthenes were slain, & few of them returned to Athenes. Socrates, the famous philosopher, at this time flourished in Athenes, he first invented moral philosophy, and so diligently ensued it, that he was counted the most wise and virtuous man than living. But at the last he being envied of them, which then did bear chief rule in Athenes, was accused of Anytus Melissus the poet, and Licon the orator, that he spoke against their God's, and corrupted their children with perverse doctrine. At which time he so contemned death, that he would suffer no man to speak for him: and therefore (as the fashion was) when he should drink poison, with a joyous countenance, he said to Anitus: I bring the good luck and incontinent died. But soon after the athenians repented their rashness, and were so sorry for his death, that of his accusers, some they slew, and some they banished, and did set up openly the image of Socrates, made of copper, for a perpetual memory of his benefits and wisdom. The Lacedaemon's made amity with Darius. Before Britain known 362 Hitherto writeth Thucydides. The year of the world 3551 The year before Christ 412 The Medes forsook Darius▪ and were again subdued. Before Britain known 361 About Abydos the Athenienses triumphed upon the Lacedaemon's and Syracusanes. The year of the world 3552 The year before Christ 411 Alcibiades, at Chalcedon obtained a great victory, he took Byzance by treason, overcame the Lacedaemon's, vanquished Pharnabazus, and in his absence was elected captain of Athenes, whither he returned with great triumph, he was a man of goodly parsonage, active, eloquent, and of wit quick and excellent: and yet therewithal lacked not divers vices, as dissolute living and lechery and riot, deceit and unconstancy, which caused men to marvel, that in one man might be such divers natures. Finally by the means of Lysander, he was exiled who being in Phrigia, the house wherein he lay purposely was set on fire, which he escaped, and half naked, valiantly defended himself against his enemies, among whom he was slain, and his head brought to Pharnabazus captain of Persians. Posthumius Uigillenses, the roman captain, after is victory over the Eques and Uoles, for his arrogancy, was slain of the soldiers. Before Britain known The temple of Pallas at Athenes was burned. The year of the world 3553 The year before Christ Lysander, overthrew Antiochus, the Athenien, & took Delphinion and Eiona. The Carthaginensis, with their capitain Annibal, invaded Sicily by sea. The year of the world 3554 The year before Christ 409 Before Britain known 359 A famine and pestilence in Rome. The year of the world 1555 The year before Christ 408 After the athenians had expulsed their captain Alcibiades, the second time, Before Britain known 358 they were overthrown & slain by Lysander the Lacedaemonian captain, near to the city Aegus, which by force of arms took also Cerdrias and Lampsacus, and after girt the city ofAthenes with a strong siege: at which time many of them perished with hunger and famine, and yet were they so stubborn in their sentence, that they not only refused all conditions of peace, but also published, that who so ever exhorted them to take peace, should be slain. But in fine, after v months, they were constrained with hunger to yield themself: at which time the Corinth's and Thebans would have had their city utterly destroyed, but the Lacedaemon's would not use such extreme cruelty toward that city▪ which was alway counted one of the eyes of Grece, & by whom they had received so great beneiftes in expulsing the Medes and Perses. Therefore it was decreed, that only their walls and towers should be cast to the earth, and to them prescribed a certain form of governance: according to the which they should live. The year of the world 3556 The year before Christ 407 Nepherites, king of Egypt, reigned vi years. Orestes in Macedon reigned .3. years. Before Britain known 357 The year of the world 3557 The year before Christ 406 Thirty men were elected of the athenians to govern their common weal. Before Britain known 356 Lysander by dedition took Samos. Dionyse the elder by tyranny possessed Sicily. The Carthaginenses vanquished Gella and Camerina. In Rome the Questores were elected of the common people Artaxerxes the xi emperor of Persia, Before Britain known 355 surnamed Mennon, The year of the world 3558 The year before Christ 405 reigned xl years, unto Cyrus his brother by inheritance fell jonia and Lydia, over which Tissaphernes was precedent. For which cause, and being desirous of dominion, privily he wrought treason against the king his brother: which being known unto Artaxerxes, caused him to be taken, whom he cast in prison with golden fetters. But at length by the prayers of his mother being delivered, he made open war, getting on his part the Lacedemones, and so fighting in a battle, Artaxerxes was wounded, but Cyrus was there slain. The xxx men began to tyrrannyse Athenez: by Thrasybulus, they were vainquished in Pyreo, where he was slain. The popular governance of Athenes was again restored. Archelaus, king of Macedon, reigned .4. years. Before Britain known 354 Thimbron the Lacedaemon received certain cities of Asia under his rule and governance. The year of the world 3559 The year before Christ 404 About this time Dercillidas succeeded Thimbron. He took Larissa, Before Britain known 353 Amaxion, and Colonas, The year of the world 3560 The year before Christ received the Kebrinos' by submission, restored the Sceoseos to liberty, subdued Gergitha, possessed Acarges, and walled the xi cities of Isthmus. Wages was first granted to the Roman soldiers of the common cost. Before Britain known 352 Agis with fire and sword wasted the province of Elia, and restored the Greek cities unto their liberty. The year of the world 3561 The year before Christ 402 After his death, Agesilaus was constituted king of Lacedemonia. Before Britain known 351 ¶ This Agesilaus was of excellent virtue even from his childhood, as in truth, justice, temperance, The year of the world 3562 The year before Christ 401 noble courage, liberality and continence. Wherefore he was so much honoured, and prospered so well, that he subdued to the Lacedemones innumerable cities and countries in asia and Grece, when one demanded a thing of him, which was unjust, saying that he had promised it: He answered: If it were just, I promised it, but if it were unjust, I spoke, but I promised it not: he never spoke with any woman, saving his wife, but either in the temple, or afore all men, thinking those two places to be void of suspicion. When he was demanded, why he lay no more richly than a private person, he answered: That a prince ought to excel other men, not in delicacy, but in temperance and moderate living. Truly the life of this man was wonderful, and worthy to be an example to other princes, as it appeareth in Plutarch, which writeth at large. BElinus and Brennus, sons of Mulmutius, divided this hole isle of Britain, between them unto Beline, as elder, was appointed England, Wales and Cornwall: unto other the north part beyond Humber, But Brennus, a young man, desirous of glory and dominion, thinking himself equal with his brother in martial prows, was not therewith content: Wherefore he raised war against Beline: but in conclusion by the means of their mother, they were accorded, and Brennus given wholly to the study of wars, leaving his country to the governance of his brother, went into France among the Galls: where in the province of Lions, for his excellent qualities, he was greatly esteemed of Siguinus king of that country, whose daughter he married, and of the Galls was made sovereign captain, when they made their expedition to Rome: of which I shall hereafter more largely declare. Beline in the mean time both in civil justice and also religion, as at that time was used, increased his realm, constituting three Archeflamins, whose seas were at London, York, & Carleon, he finished the four great ways begun by his father, subdued & made tributary unto him Denmark: In London he made the haven, which at this day retaineth the name of him, called Belines gate▪ and as master Leyland writeth (whose labour & industry, in most diligent searching out of the antiquities of this realm, is greatly to be commended) builded the tower of London he married his daughter Cambra unto a prince of almani called Antenor, of whom those people were called Cimbri and Sycambri. finally after he had reigned with his brother, and alone .26 years, he died and after the pagan manner with great pomp was burned. The year of the world 3563 The year before Christ 400 Pausanias was king of Macedon one year. Before Britain known 350 The wars between the Lacedemones and Thebans began. The year of the world 3564 The year before Christ 399 Amintas reigned in Macedon vi years. Before Britain known 349 Otis king of Paphlagonia, took part with Agesslaus. Erippidas overthrow and put to flight Pharnabazus. Lisander led his army into Phocea, where in a skirmish at a gate of a city he was slain, the Thebans erected the token of their victory. Pausanias, the other king of Lacedemonia, for all the victories that he had achieved for his country, was condemned to die, for which cause he fled into Tegea, where he finished his life with sickness. ¶ The Lacedemones were vanquished by the part takers of the Athenienses. Agesilaus was called out of Asia to secure his country: he vanquished the Thessalians, overthrew the Thebans, wasted the land of Argives took Pyreum, and in aid of the Acheis, with fire and sword destroyed the land of the Acarnanes. For which cause the Acarnanes made peace with the Acheians, and entered in amity with the Lacedaemon's. joannes, son of judas, and brother of jesus, The year of the world 3568 was high priest of the jews. Before Britain known 345 The year before Christ 395 The two brethren Phileni, for the dilatinge of the dominion of Carthage, suffered themselves to be buried quick of the Cyrenenses In this time many cities of Greece fell unto the part of Pharnabazus, who with Conon preparing a navy did great damage to the haven town of Laconia: Conon repaired Pyreum, and the great walls of Athenes. In the fields of Meandrus Strutas the Persian slew Thimbrus and Thesandrus, put to flight and destroyed the Lacedaemon's. Teleutias took Philocrates with xii ships. Thrasibulus subdued all Lesbus, whom the Aspendians by night killed. Iphicrates, in the streictes of Abydos, meeting with the Locedemons', obtained a great victory in which Anaxibios was slain. Dionise tyrant of Sicily, about this time overcame the Lacronses, and shortly after he himself was vanquished by the Crotoniens. ☞ Damon and Pitheas, an example of most sure and rare friendship, in this time lived. Argeus was king of Macedon one year, The year of the world 3570 The year before Christ 393 after whom succeeded Amintas who reigned xix years. Before Britain known 343 The city Ueie, after ten years siege was taken by Furius Camillus the Roman captain, for which victory he triumphed. Before Britain known 342 The Faliscians' yielded to the Romans being provoked The year of the world 3572 The year before Christ 391 with the great faith and justice of their captain Camillus, which restored again to them the children of their noble men, when they were given into his hands by the reason of their instructor or school master. Psammites, king Egypt, reigned one year, Before Britain known 339 after whom reigned Nepherites .4. months. The year of the world 3574 The year before Christ 389 The athenians besieged Eginetas' by land and sea, and obtained the sovereignty of the sea. Nectanebus reigned in Egypt .18. years. The year of the world 3575 The year before Christ 388 Achaia by an horrible earthquake was so shaken, Before Britain known 338 that two. cities, Hebra and Helice, sank and were clean devoured of the earth. Teleucias in the haven of Athenes, took many of their ships and men. M. Furius Camilius, after many benefits by him done to the city, was by them most unkindly exiled. Brennus', the most valiant capitain of the Galls, son of Mulinutius, The year of the world 3576 The year before Christ 387 and brother to Beline, Before Britain known 337 in this year, with the French men invaded Rome, he first builded and repaired beyond the mountains, Milan, Pavy, Bergomuni, Comum, Brixia, Uerona, Tridentum, Uincentia, with divers other cities, vanquished the Clusines, overthrow the great army of the Romans, took and burned Rome, slew the Senators in their seats, besieged the capitol, and had taken it, had it not beer valiantly defended by Manlius, who was wakened, with his company, by the noise of geese, and yet by famine were sore constrained, wheefore they used this policy: they cast out pieces of bread in stead of stones, at their enemies: by which means the french men, supposing them to be well victualed, and considering the munition of the place, received of the Romans .1000. li. weight of gold, & broke up their siege. But Furius Camillus revoked from his exile, and made Dictator: proclaimed, that not with gold, but with iron he would deliver his country, and with the blood of the Galls, quench the fire of the city, and therefore had them prepare to battle, in which the frenchmen, minding more the gold than the fight: were by Camillls soon vanquished, and the city again repaired in less than a year. But of the death of Brennus, there is no certayntee, whether he was there slain or returned home, for some of our chroniclers write, the Beline was in that voyage, but be that as it was, I will leave it to the judgement of the readers, he took Rome the 721. year after the arrival of Brute in Britain. ¶ Artaxerxes made peace in Grece, commanded them to leave the wars, who so would do otherwise, to take him for his enemy, and restored the cities to their liberties. The wars in Olynthius began, in which Teleutias was slain, Before Britain known 336 the Olynthians triumphed. The year of the world 3577 The year before Christ 386 The Thebans warred with the Lacedemones, with sundry fortune. In Leucris the Lacedemones, were vain quished, and Cleombrotus their captain slain. The Thebans erected Tropheum, that is a token of victory The galls desired amity with Dionysius. Rome was edified. ¶ The towns of the Hetruscians destroyed, The year of the world 3578 The year before Christ 385 the capitoled builded with square stones, Before Britain known 335 a sedition for the lands of the Tometians. The Carthaginenses, with their captain Hanno, invaded Sicily. Before Britain known 334 Thebans with fire and sword invaded the lands of Epidaures. The year of the world 3579 The year before Christ 384 Dionysius sent succours to the Lacedemones, who over came the Sicionians, and took Geras: which done, they returned home. Archidamus, a Lacedaemon, overcame the Arcadians and Argives, and took Cronum. Before Britain known 333 Camillus took Satricum, and vanquished the Hetruscians & Uolscians, and rescued again jutrium & Nepete. The year of the world 3580 The year before Christ 383 The athenians made a league with the Arcadians. The Aelians overcame the Arcadians, and got their mountain cities. Dionisyus, the elder, by the deceits of his subjects was slain. Before Britain known 332 Mantius moved sedition in Rome against Cemyllus and other nobles, for which cause he was condemned, The year of the world 3581 The year before Christ 382 and cast headlong from the rock Tarpeius. Dionysius the younger tyrant of Sicily, began to reign. Before Britain known 330 To this place Xenophon writeth of the acts of the The year of the world 3583 The year before Christ 380 Grecians Mausolus' king of Caria, reigned whose wife Artemisia builded for him a wonderful sepulchre, which was taken for one of the goodly works of the world, The year of the world 3586 The year before Christ 377 Before Britain known 327 of which all goodly monuments of dead men were called Mausolea. The Athenians in this time were princes of Grecia Isocrates, the famous orator, in this time flourished out of whose school proceeded the most excellent orators of Grece. Xenophon, a philosophier of Athenes, disciple to Socrates, and follower of Plato in this time was renowned he was an excellent captain. For he brought an army out of the extreme parts of Babylon, home to their own Edovardi in safeguard: and for his delectable style in writing he was named the muse of Athenes, he made most excellent work of martial feats, of hunting, and keeping of horses, he lived .89. years. Plato, the prince of philosophers, in wisdom, knowledge virtue, and eloquence far exceeding all other Gentiles, was borne in Athenes. lying in his cradle, bees were founden to bring honey into his mouth, without hurting the child: which the diviners did interpretate, that from him should flow eloquence most sweet and delectable, he first learned letters with Dion the grammarian, and exercised his youth in wrestling and feats of activity, his name was first Aristocles, and after for the big and broad stature of his body, he was surnamed Plato, until he was twenty years old, he gave himself to make amorous verses: which after he came to here Socrates, he bourned and then most atteintively he followed Socrates as long as he lived. And after that, he did not only here the famous philosophers and Geometricians in Grecia, but also went into italy, Africa and Egipte to learn the mystical sciences, he sailed thrice into Sicily, where escaping the danger of death, he was sold as a bondman, he divided philosophy into three parts, that is, moral, natural, and racionical. And by Athenes chase a place called Achademia, wherein he taught, whereof his disciples were called Achademici, and now all places where learning is exersised, he called Achademia Furthermore, he is called Divinus Plato, for his excellent doctrine, which containeth many things (as saint Augustine sayeth that doth accord with holy scripture: in so much as therein is perceived the first part of Genesis. unto Spiritus domini ferabitui super aquas. and the gospel of S. john unto, Et tenebre cum non comprehenderunt with the mystery of three persons, in divinity therein expressed, he died, as he was writing, being of the age of lxxxi. years. judas the high priest, slew his brother jesus in the temple at Jerusalem. GUrguintus son of Beline, The year of the world 3588 The year before Christ 375 succeeded his father & reigned in this realm xix years, Before Britain known he subdued Denmark compelling them to continue their tribute, and in his return home, met with a fleet of Spaniards which were seeking for habitations, because their country was to populus, and not able to sustain them, to whom the king granted the isle of Ireland to inhabit in, and to hold the same of him as their sovereign lord. But the Socrates write, that the Spaniards arrived before this time in Ireland, which I have before declared. Before Britain known 324 Amintas, king of Macedon, vanquished by the Illyrians, was forced to pay their charges, The year of the world 3589 The year before Christ 274 and to lay Philip in hostage, who being sent to Thebes, and committed to the custody of Epaminondas, was by him instructed in all manner disciplines. The Romans fought prousperously with the Uolscians and Latins, the Antiates submitted them to the Romans. Alexander was king of Macedon one year. Before Britain known 323 The year of the world 3590 The year before Christ 373 ¶ The city of Rome was .v. years without magistrates by means of a great discord & variance that was moved for promulgation of certain laws: in the which was desired first, that one of the consuls should be chosen among the commons: next, that debts should be diminished: thirdly that none of the nobles should possess over a certain stint of lands. Which laws the noble men would not in any wise suffer to take effect. And therefore the tribunes, Licivius and Sexius, which devised those laws, letted and forbade any other magistrates to be chosen, the space of .v. year, and then were they constrained by external war for that time, to break up their contention, which shortly after they renewed. ¶ Epammondas, a Theban borne, in sundry qualities both of the body and mind was renowned. In all kinds of music he was perfectly instructed, and danced therewith exceedingly well. There was no virtue, that in him was lacking, he oftentimes refused great sums of money and rich presents sent to him by princes, although he were poor, saying: If the thing were honest, which he were required to do, he would do it, because it was good without any reward: if it were ill and not honest, all the goods of the world should not make him to do it: If it were profitable unto his country, he was bounden and ready to do it freely: if it were otherwise, no riches mought countervail the love that he bore to his common weal. In battle he overcame the Athenians and Lacedemones, and in one day had the victory of all Grece. Finally, in a conflict at Mantinaea, between the Thebans and Lacedemones, he was wounded unto death with a long spear, the head remaining still in his body: yet retained he life, until his host had the victory, and than said: I have lived long enough, for I die unvanquished. He was so poor, that he was buried at the charges of the city. The year of the world 3591 The year before Christ 372 ¶ Ptolomeus Alorites craftily deprived Alexander both of his realm and life, and reigned .4. years. Before Britain known 322 The year of the world 3593 The year before Christ 370 Uagorus, captain to Artaxerxes, Before Britain known 320 violated the temple of Jerusalem, revenging the death of jesu. The year of the world 3594 The year before Christ 369 Theo reigned in Egypt two years. Before Britain known 319 The year of the world 3595 The year before Christ 368 Perdicasiew Ptolomeus, Before Britain known 318 and reigned in Macedon viii. years. Agesilaus, king of Lacedemonia, in his return out of Egypt, by a sudden tempest being driven upon the coost of Libya, died, when he was .84. years of age. ¶ Aristotle, the renowned philosopher, son of Nichomachus the physician, borne in Stagera in Grece, consumed his youth ryotrouslie: afterward he was scholar to the noble Plato twenty years continually, he excelled all men in sharpness of wit and knowledge in diverssciences Wherefore king Philip of Macedony sent his son Alexander to him to be taught, saying: that he thanked god, that he had a son borne in his time. This man began a sect, the followers whereof were called Peripatetici, and taught after the death of Plato xxiii years, he was banished out of Athenes because it was supposed, that he deemed not well of their gods. It is written, that he died by this occasion: As he went by the sea side he perceived fishermen sitting and doing of somewhat and when he asked what they did, they told him a riddle, which when by long study, he could not assoil for shame and sorrow he died. The Romans instituted again their magistrates. Artaxerxes Ochus the xii emperor of Persia reigned xxvi. years, Before Britain known 315 he was a bloody prince, who, The year of the world 3598 The year before Christ 365 beside other tyrannies that he exercised, murdered his own brethren he reduced the Aegipcians under the monarchy of the Persians, and at length was slain of one of his officers. The Galls broke into Italy again, The year of the world 3599 The year before Christ 364 and by Camillus they were vanquished. Before Britain known 314 consuls were again created in Rome, The year of the world 3600 The year before Christ 363 one of the nobility, Before Britain known 313 the other of the commonalty. In this year also the nobility took upon them the offices of Praetor and Edilis, for granting to the commons the o their consulship. Before Britain known 312 jaddus the son of joannes, The year of the world 3061 The year before Christ 362 and brother of Manasses, was high priest of the jews. A pestilence in Rome. Camillus the second Romulus and father to his unkind city, finished his last day. Before Britain known 311 Perdiccas fought with the Illerians, The year of the world 3602 The year before Christ 361 he was taken and brought to extreme misery. Artaxerxes of Persie, fought unfortunately against the Egipcians, and lost many of his men. Before Britain known 310 Philippus, father to great Alexander, The year of the world 3603 The year before Christ 360 obtained the kingdom of Macedon, Pausanias and Argeus making also title to it, he subdued Pmphibolis, warred with the athenians, and took Bardillus king of Illyria. Callimedes' captain of athenians. Before Britain known 309 In Rome, The year of the world 3642 The year before Christ 359 by an earthquake in the marketplace the earth opened, which made an horrible gulf or pit, out of which issued such a vapour, that it infected all the city with pestilence. The diviners declared, that this hole could not be closed till some noble man would cast himself into it. ¶ Than Marcus Curtius, a worthy knight of Rome, for the saluegarde of the people: armed at all pieces, riding on a great courser, richly trapped▪ leapt into the gulf and incontinente the earth closed. The place was after called Curtius' lake. When L. Manlius was accused of Pompeius the Tribune, for banishing of his own natural son T. Manlius, without guilt or trespass, and was therefore likely to be condemned▪ the young man himself, whose banishment was objected against his father, found means to come into the chamber of the Tribune, and with his sword drawn, forced him to swear that he would not continue in the accusation of his father. Whereby he delivered him out of danger. In Grece, the war, called social, began, Before Britain known 308 among the cities. The year of the world 3605 The year before Christ 358 In the french wars T. Manlius vainquished and overthrow a french man of exceeding greatness, and took from him a chiene of gold: for which he and all his lineage were surnamed Torquati. The year of the world 3606 The year before Christ 357 Dion obtained Syracusas and overcame Dionysius, Before Britain known 307 The Romans fought with the Tiburtines and Gauls, in which they triumphed double. GUinthelinus, after the death of his father, was crowned king of Britain. The year of the world 3607 The year before Christ 356 Before Britain known 306 A prince sober and quiet who had to wife a noble woman named Marcia, of excellent learning and knowledge, She devised certain laws, which long time among the Britons were greatly esteemed, and named Marcians laws. finally when this virtuous prince had reigned .26. years he died The Phenices and Cyprians forsook the empire of the Persians. Dion overcame the Dionysians, which possessed Syracuse, and delivered his country: he was elected their captain. The year of the world The year before Christ 355 Archidamus, king of Sparta. Before Britain known 305 Philomelus, captain of the Phocenses, got the temple of Delphos. The Tarquinians vanquished Fabius unadvisedly fighting, and sacrificed, 307. Romans. Before Britain known 304 Spartacus king of Bosphorus. The year of the world 3609 The year before Christ 354 In Sicily Dion was slain by his hired soldiers. Calippus who was the causer of it, took on him the administration of the isle. Philip besieged and destroyed the city Methenes. The Locrenses, meeting in battle with Philomelus, were overcome, taken, and slain. Upon this began a sedition through all Grece. Before Britain known Artemisia queen of Caria. The year of the world 3610 The year before Christ 353 Hipparinus, son of Dion, expulsing Calippus recovered his father's royalme. The wars of the Argives and Lacedemones. Philip being aided with a band of Thessalians overcame the Phocenses, subdued Lyeophrones, and hanged Onomarchus. Fabius' vanquished the tarquinians and Falliscians' Phaylus, Before Britain known 302 The year of the world 3611 The year before Christ 352 captain of the Phocences recovering a new power, went into Beotla, where fight he was again overthrown and put to flight. The wars of the Lacedaemon's and Megapolitaynes in which the Lacedaemon's obtained the victory by their captain Archidamus. Contention in Rome for the election of consuls, in which the Senators obtained. Before Britain known 301 Artaxerxes with great industry recovered Egypt Phinicia, and Cipers, he took Sidona by treason, The year of the world 3612 The year before Christ 351 and caused Temnes the king, who betrayed the city, to be slain. Arymbas king of Molossa. The Romans fought prosperously with the Tyburtyans and Tarquiniensis, but to cruelly they raged on them for scourging .348. of the chiefest, they also tyrannously put them to death. Before Britain known 300 Protagoras, king of Salamine, The year of the world 3613 The year before Christ 350 submitted him to the Persians. Artaxerxes subdued Egipte, and drove Nectanebus into Aethiope. Mentor the precedent of the sea cost of Asia by craft and force got all the cities and regions thereabouts under the dominion of Artarerxes. The year of the world 3614 The year before Christ 349 Spartacus king of Pontus died in whose place his brother Parisades was chosen, who reigned .38. years. Before Britain known 299 Philip invaded the Chalcidenses, by assault took the castle Gera, compelled certain towns to be under his obeisance, and expelled Pitholaus out of Thessaly. The year of the world 3615 The year before Christ 348 Peace given to the Tarquinianses & other for xl years. Before Britain known 298 The year of the world 3616 The year before Christ 347 The temple of Apollo at Delphos, Before Britain known 297 with them that fled thither were all bourned. Popilius triumphed over the Galls, the pristinat possession of the consulships was restored to the fathers. The year of the world The year before Christ 346 The Phocenses submitted them to Philip, Before Britain known 296 for his benefycence, of all Grece he was called emperor. The wars of France renewed. M. Ualerius, by the help of a crow, did vainquishe and kill a mighty french man. For which cause he and his posterity were called Corvinoes. The year of the world The year before Christ 345 Timoleon, a Corinthean sailed into Sicily, he arrived at Tauromenium, and got Syracuse. Before Britain known 295 A pestilence in Rome, the Carthaginenses made league with the Romans. The year of the world 3619 The year before Christ 344 Philip with fire and sword wasted Illyria, Before Britain known 294 delivered thessaly from tyrants with his beneficence won the cities of Grecia, with whom they turned into amity. Dionysius yielded him to Timoleon, The year of the world 3620 The year before Christ 343 Before Britain known 293 he forsaketh Sicily saileth into Corinthe, and miserably led a private life. Timoleon restored the Syracusanes to their liberty. Cersopleptus king of Thracia. corvinus warred upon the Uolscians, vanquished them, and in his triumph sold .4000. of them in Rome Alexander, brother of Olympias, reigned in Molosso. The year of the world 3621 The year before Christ 342 A temple builded in Rome to juno Moneta. Before Britain known 292 The year before Christ 341 In Rome it rained stones, & the day appeared as night The year of the world 3622 About this time the Scenical plays or comedies were instituted in Rome, to appease the wrath of the gods. Before Britain known 291 Ragoas poisoned Artaxerxes, The year of the world 3623 The year before Christ 340 Before Britain known 290 and murdered all the kings children except Arsees. Philip leaving the siege of Byzance and Perintheus, made a league with the athenians & other cities of Grece The Carthaginenses encresing their power with a new army, sailed into Sicily, where by Timoleon they were overcome. The Romans triumphed in a battle fought with the Samnites by the manhood of P. Decius the tribune. The Carthaginenses came to Rome to congratulate their victory. Before Britain known 289 Arses soon of Ochus, the xiii emperor of persia, The year of the world 3624 The year before Christ 339 reigned .4. years, being but yet a child: but when he waxed greater, Ragoas fearing that he would take vengeance on him for the death of his father, slew him also with all the kings blood. Here ended the house of Cyrus. Out of Grece came new inhabitants to inhabit Sicily, whom Timoleon gently received, and gave laws unto the Syracusanes. In Rome a conspiracy of soldiers began the citizens were reconciled, the law of arms instituted, and the legions of soldiers ordained, every of which contained .6000. footmen, and .732. horsemen. Before Britain known 288 Philip vainquished at Cheronea the Boeotians and Athenienses, such as were taken: The year of the world 3625 The year before Christ 338 moved with the words of Demades the orator, he delivered freely, and entered in amity with the athenians. The same hour in Italy a battle was fought between the Lucanes and Tarentines, in which Archydamus king of Lacedaemon, fight for the Tarentines was slain. Before Britain known 287 Mithridates king of Ponthus, reigned xxv years. The year of the world 3626 Philip by all the cltees was called emperor of grece against the Persians. The year before Christ 337 Timoleon very aged paid his debt to nature. The wars of the Romans against the Latins, in the which Manlius Torquatus, and P. Decius were consuls. Manlius caused his own son, a valiant young man to be beheaded, because he broke his array to fight with his enemy, who had challenged him. Decius' avowed himself to death for the Roman army, by whose means they obtained the victory, for the oracle had given answer, that on the one part the captain should be slain, on the other the hole host. Ragoas murdered Arses with all the kings blood, and procured Darius to be king. The year of the world 3627 The year before Christ 336 Pausanius slew king Philip in the Theatre. Before Britain known 386 The Latins submitted them to Aemilius. The year of the world 3628 The year before Christ 335 Alexander surnamed the great, Before Britain known 285 son of Philip king of Macedony, reigned, 12. years. In his youth he was instructed by Aristottel in learning, and according to his desires had like fortune, for being but .20. years of age, he undertook the enterprise to conquer all the world, with an army prepared by his father Philip, which was of .32000. footmen, and .4500. horsemen, having no captain under the age of .60. years, that not in their legs but in their arms they should put the hope of victory: and so with most valiant courage did set upon the whole world, and had always victory of his enemies In his first year he was saluted emperor of Grece, but being contemned of the Thebans, he vainquished them and taking their city by force, he destroyed it, and sold the people. Darius the xiiii and last emperor of Persia, reigned 6. years. He was first made prince of Armeny by Ochus for his singular knowledge in warfare, and for the same cause was elected king by them that slew Arses. But after, being with pride and vainglory elated, was by the great Alexander overcome, and lost with his life the monarchy of the Persians. The Romans subdued Latium and triumphed. The year of the world 3629 The year before Christ 334 Alexander with his army passed over into Asia at Granicus, he overcame the Persians, took Sardis, Before Britain known 28 Miletum, and Halicarnassus, subduing all the lands unto Phrigia, and obtained all the religions as far as Cilicia Minutia a virgin Uestal, for incest was buried quick. Manasses, brother of jaddus, the priest of the jews, Before Britain known 2 contrary to the law, The year of the world 3630 The year before Christ 333 builded a temple upon the mount Garisin. Agathocles, the tyrant of Sicily, with a navy sailed into Africa, which he sore wasted. Ragoas, the murderer, with the poison, which he prepared for to slay Darius, perished himself, and so was worthily punished for his mischief. Memnon, captain to Darius got Chion, & Antissa, with other cities. ¶ Darius, with a mighty army, met Alexander at Issus in Cilicia, where he was overcome, & put to flight, his mother, wife and two daughters were taken whom Alexander honourably and with great humanity entreated. In this battle there fell of the Aesians .20000. foot men, and of horsemen .1500. Before Britain known 282 Alexander came to jerusalem, The year of the world 3631 The year before Christ 332 he was received of the high priest jaddus, by whose admonition he did sacrifice. He afterwards besieged Tyrus, and took it, and also Gaza. Before Britain known Agis king of Lacedaemon. The year of the world 3632 The year before Christ 331 Alexander, without any great labour, obtained Egypt, & builded the city Alexandria. In the temple of Hammon by the priests he was called god and son of god. From thence he returned into Syria: where, passing his army over the river Tigris, he fought again with Darius, in which he obtained a bloody victory. Before Britain known 280 CEcilius, the son of Guentheline and Mercia, The year of the world 3633 The year before Christ 330 reigned .7. years, of him there remaineth nothing noble. But that (as the Scots write) in the first year of his reign▪ a people of Almain, called Pichies arrived here in Britain, and possessed those parts, which now be the Marches of both royalmes England and scotland. Alexander took Babylon & Susa, spoiled and burnt Persepolis the regal city of persia. Bessus, presidente of Bactria wounded his lord Darius to death, whom Alexander apprehending, for his unfaithfulness, caused to be tied to two trees, the tops being bowed & brought together, and so loused, whereby he was torn in pieces. Here endeth the Monarchy or empire of the persians, in the year after the arrival of Brute .778. When it had continued among them .231. years. And thus was the empire brought out of asia into Europe among the greeks, until the time that the Romans reduced it unto them Alexander subdued Hyrcania, and fell into the riot of the persians, with drunkenness and fury, whereby he slew divers of his friends. He took Cedrosios and Euergetas and subdued Arachosia Alexander, king of Epirus, overcame the Samnites and Lucanes in Italy. A muster in Rome and new citizens ordained. The Thracians by their captain Memnon fell from Alexander, against whom went Antipater, who over came them, & settled the matters and estate of Thracia. In the mean time also the Lacedaemon's with an host fought for their libertee, but they were vanquished by Antipater, and their king Agis slain. The year of the world 3634 The year before Christ 329 In Rome .170. women were apprehended and condemned, Before Britain known 279 because they had prepared poison to destroy their neighbours, which were constrained to drink that they had prepared for the destruction of others. The year of the world 3635 The year before Christ 328 Alexander obtained Paropamissa, Before Britain known 278 he builded an other Alexandria upon the mountain Caucasus. Mophis a king of India, did submit himself to Alexander. The Lucanes yielded them to the Romans. The year of the world 3636 The year before Christ 327 Alexander warred in India, fought with Corus' king thereof, Before Britain known 277 who came with .60. princes and .400. Elephants with towers: and yet was he taken by Alexander and restored again to his royalme. Alexander builded Nicaea and Bucephala in memory of his good horse, and took by assault Agalassis. Arimbas king of Epirus. Before Britain known 276 The year of the world 3637 The year before Christ 326 The wars in Grece began, wherein Leoschenes the Athenien was captain. Alexander subdued the Cosseans. The year of the world 3638 The year before Christ 325 Zopirion, by the commandment of Alexander, warred in Scythia, where he with .3000. was slain. Before Britain known 275 The year of the world 3636 The year before Christ 324 Thalestris queen of Amazons, for the desire to have issue by Alexander, Before Britain known 274 came .35. days journeys to him and after returned being conceived with child. When Alexander, in three years both to the great peril of his, and destruction of many nations, had gotten an empire scarce sufficient, for being unvanquished of the east, in his mind also he had vanquished the west: through which being blown up with pride, he caused himself to be named and honoured for king of all lands, and lord of the whole world, and sent forth his navy into the east ocean, to search, if there were any other world to conquer. But in his return homeward, being in his most glory at the city of Babylon, abiding for the ambassadors of all nations, was there poisoned by his own men: whom for his outrageous cruelty and drunkenness they began to detest. And thus Alexander with an invincible courage, ended his life, and by Ptholomeus was buried in his city Alexandria: where the space of seven foot of ground held him, to whom before the whole world was to little. The Lucanes and Apulians came into the society of the people of Rome. A law established in Rome, that no man for debt should wear irons. Before Britain known 273 KImarus succeeded Cecilius, The year of the world 3640 and reigned iii years in Britain. The year before Christ 323 After the death of Alexander, as the empire was soon gotten, so likewise was it quickly divided among his capitanes: even as a pray overthrown by the great lion is greedily devoured by the young whelps, and they also fell together by the ears, in parting of it. Antipater, for his part had Macedonye and Grece: Ptholomeus, Egipte, Aphrica, and part of araby: Laomedon Syria Philotas with his son, Cilicia and Illyria. Agr●patos the greater Media, Antigonus, Phrig●●. Learch●s, Litia and Pamphilia, Cassander Caria, Menander Lydia, Lysymacus, Thracia and Pontus Eumenes obtained Cappadocia & Paphlagonia. These princes for the sovereign dominion warred one on the other till they were almost destroyed Ptholomeus son of Lagus, was king of Egypt xl years, he was first by horsemen, and after with the common assent chosen king. Philip, called Arideus, brother to Alexander, reigned seven. years in Macedon. War indicted to the vestines: whom junius Brutus vanquished. The Samnites war wherein there were 20000. slain, and the romans triumphed. Before Britain known 172 Eumenes slew Neopt●lemus. The year of the world 3641 The year before Christ 322 Perdiccas brought an armi into egypt against Ptholome The wars between the Athenians & Aeolians begun. Onias, son of jaddus. was high priest among the jews The year of the world 3642 The year before Christ 321 ELanius, called also Danius, Before Britain known 271 was king of Britain nine years. Claudius' Pontius, captain of the Samnites, Before Britain known 270 over threw and vanquished the Romans, The year of the world 3643 The year before Christ 310 to their great shame Papyrius Cursor overcame the Ferentanes, The year of the world 3644 The year before Christ 319 Before Britain known 269 beat down the Samnites, took Lucerias with .7000. Samnites, whom he brought in bondage. The kingdom of Asia began, Before Britain known 268 where Antigonus reigned first .18. years, The year of the world 3645 The year before Christ 318 who caused Eumenes, taken and betrayed by Alexander's soldiers, to be cast in prison. Olympias, mother of Alexander, caused Euridices, Before Britain known 267 and Arideus the king to be slain. The year of the world 3646 The year before Christ 317 Al Syria in this time was much vexed by Ptholome who took jerusalem also by fraud on the sabot day, and led away captive a great numbered of jews. Cassander obtained the royalme of Macedony, Before Britain known 266 and reigned xix years, The year of the world 3647 The year before Christ 316 he commanded the queen Olympias to be put to death▪ who with a stout mind, not fearing death: offered her head to the hangman, and in the very yange of death minded her honesty: for with her hands she kept down her clothes, that no part of her body should be seen. Peace was made through all Apulia, & the Romans gave laws unto their allies. The year of the world 3648 The year before Christ 315 Glautias, king of Illyria, Before Britain known 265 brought up Pyrrhus xii years, and than restored him to his father's kingdom ¶ The wars of the Samnites were renewed, and they put to flight, in revengement whereof, they besieged postia and plistia, cities confederate with Rome. The year of the world 3649 The year before Christ 314 Satricula was taken, and Aurelius, master of the Roman horsemen slain. Before Britain known 264 The year of the world 3650 The year before Christ 333 Cassander assigned lands to the Abderites in the extreme parts of Macedony. Before Britain known 264 The year of the world 3652 The year before Christ 311 MOrindus, a cruel prince, Before Britain known 261 began to reign in Briteine, he (as our chronicles say) fought veyth a king, who came out of Germany, & arrived here & slew him with all his power. Moreover, as they writ, out of Irish seas came forth a wonderful monster, which destroyed much people, whereof the king hearing would of his valiant courage needs fight with it: by whom he was clean devoured. When he had reigned viii. years. Here beginneth the kingdom of Syria, where Seleucus Nicanor first reigned .32. years. Pestilence invaded Rome. Nola with other cities, was taken. In this place the Scots began their chronicles at Fergus: son of Farquahard, king of Ireland: who (as they writ) came with a great power out of Ireland to their aid, in the dissension between them and the pitchtes: where by his wisdom and prows, be so behaved himself that he agreed those people and obtained such favour, that they elected him to be their king, he reigned among them .25. years, and finally, in passing the seas between Ireland and Scotland, he was drowned. These histories of the Scots (asthey set them forth) be full of errors, and agree with no other historiens, for they say, that Fergus slew Coil king of Britain, when there was no such of that name, nor many years after as it may in this book plainly appear. But I will take the years of the reigns of their kings, as they writ them, which were from this time, unto the coming of Cesar .260. years, for which cause, I have here, for the better agreement of the history, and computation of the years, begun to write of them. Before Britain known 260 Lysimachia in Thracia builded. The year of the world 3653 The year before Christ 310 Before Britain known 256 Cassander caused Arsines, The year of the world The year before Christ 309 the wife of great Alexander with her son Hercules, to be put to death. Ptholome invaded Cyprus. In Rome the tribunes of the soldiers, that should govern the Legions, were ordained, with the two admiral's of their navy. Ptholome and Cassander, The year of the world 3655 The year before Christ 308 confederates with Lysimachus and Seleucus▪ Before Britain known warred against Antigonus, whose son Demetrius fought with them and was overcome by Ptholome. Fabius Rutilanus vanquished the Hetruscians, and gave them peace for .30. years The Romans triumphed both of the Samnites and Hetruscians. Demetrius Phalereus obtained of Ptholome, that the athenians might be restored to their popular governance Antigonus, The year of the world 3656 The year before Christ 307 and all the other princes, Before Britain known 257 Before Britain known 256 named them selves kings. The year of the world 3657 The year before Christ 306 Demetrius, the son of Antigonus delivered Grece from tyranny, and overcame and put to flight Ptholome in a battle on the sea. Fabius' made proconsul, overcame & brought in subjection the Samnites, and sold .4000. of their complices The year of the world 3658 The year before Christ 305 The Romans triumphed again over the Samnites, they renewed their league with the Carthaginenses. Before Britain known 255 The year of the world 3659 The year before Christ 304 Seleucus builded divers cities in Syria. The year of the world 3660 The year before Christ 303 GOrbomannus, eldest son of Morindus, Before Britain known 254 reigned xi. years. A prince just & religious, Before Britain known 253 he renewed the temples of his gods, and governed his people in peace and wealth. Simon son of Onias, surnamed the just, was high priest of the jews. The ancient league was given to the Samnites: the xxxi. towns of the Equians were taken, the Marrucines, with other, confederated them with the romans. In a certain cave in Umbria .2000. armed men were destroyed with smoke and fire. The year of the world 3661 The year before Christ 302 Before Britain known 252 Seleucus obtained Babylon, and builded Antioch, Ptholome, The year of the world 3662 The year before Christ 301 Cassander, Lysimachus, Before Britain known 251 and Seleucus over came and slew in battle Antigonus king of Asia. Cleominus a Lacedaemon, with a navy of Greeks arrived on the costs of Italy, Demetrius, son of Antigonus, Before Britain known 250 succeeded in the kingdom of Asia, The year of the world 3663 The year before Christ 300 and reigned xvii. years. About this time the Romans began to use barber's: for before they never shaved their beards. The laws Ualeria and Portia were made, and the bishops and diviners were consecrated. The year of the world 3665 The year before Christ 298 A great famine in Athenes. Before Britain known 248 The year of the world 3666 The year before Christ 297 Antipater and Alexander, sons of Cassander, Before Britain known 247 reigned in Macedon four years. But justine writet h, that Philip succeeded Alexander. The Samnites, being driven back by Decius, entered into Hetruria, where they took Ferentinum, and other towns, but by the consuls they were slain and taken. Before Britain known 246 Fabyus Rutilanus triumphed upon the Hetruscians and Gauls. The year of the world 3667 The year before Christ 296 Before Britain known 245 The year of the world 3668 The year before Christ 295 P. Decius avowed himself to die for the Romans. There were slain of the Hetruscians & Gauls. 24000, and of the Samnites by Uolumnius .16300. Before Britain known 244 Attilius Regulus subdued the Sabines, The year of the world 3669 The year before Christ 294 Posthumius the Hetruscians: peace was given to the Uolscians and other for xl years. Demetrius, king of Asia, The year of the world 3670 The year before Christ 293 obtained the royalme of Macedon, Before Britain known 243 which .6. years he kept. Antipater, son of Cassander, slew his mother. Demetrius by fraud put to death Alexander and Philip: whereby he possessed the royalme of Macedon. The Samnites and Hetruscians, were vanquished by the Romans. ARchigallo, brother to Gorbamamnꝰ, The year of the world 3671 The year before Christ 292 was crowned king of Britain, Before Britain known 242 he was in conditions unlike to his brother, for he deposed the noble men, & exalted the unnoble: he extorted from men, their goods to enrich his treasury, for which cause, by the astates of the royalme he was deprived of his royal dignity, when he had reigned .v. years. Nagid, called also Nage, succeeded his father in the principality of the jews ten years. The Boeotians forsook Demetrius, whom he subdued and took Thebes. A pestilence, for which cause the image Aesculapius was brought from Epidaurus to Rome. ¶ Fabius overcome of the Samnites, was rescued by his father, he triumphed over them, and put their captain Pontius to death. Pyrrhus' vainquished Pantauchus. The year of the world 3673 The year before Christ 290 Before Britain known 240 This Pyrrhus king of Epire was a valiant and fierce warrior, stern of countenance and terrible to behold, and seemed to be framed of nature to martial prowess. By a doubtful answer of Apollo he was induced to aid the Tarentines against the Romans, whom he overthrow in ii great battles: but with such loss of his own captains, friends, and soldiers, that he said, if we overcome the Romans ones again, we shallbe utterly undone. Wherefore marueiling at the manhood and virtue of the Romans, he said with a loud voice to his friends: Oh, how easy were it for me to subdue thehole world, either to myself by the aid of Roman soldiers: or to the Romans, if I were their king. Samnium was clean destroyed by the Romans, and the wars, which endured .49. years, between them was finished, and all Italy pacified and subdued unto the Romans. The year of the world 3675 The year before Christ 288 Ptolomeus, Seleucus, Lysimachus and pyrrhus king of Epirus, warred against Demetrius, Before Britain known 238 whom they overcame & pyrrhus possessed the royalme of Macedony. ¶ The city Lysimachia, with an earthquake, was over thrown. Elidurus', the third son of Morindus, & brother to Archigallo, The year of the world 3676 The year before Christ 287 was elected king of Britain: Before Britain known 247 A virtuous and gentle prince, who governed his people justly. When he had reigned .v. years, as he was in hunting in a forest, by chance he met with his brother Archigallo, whom most lovingly he embraced, and found the means to reconcile him to his lords, and than resigned to him his royal dignity. The Macedons received pyrrhus for their king .7. months. Lysimachus by fraud killed Antipater, his son in law, and possessed the kingdom of Macedon, seven. years The year of the world 3677 The year before Christ 286 Demetrius in Cilicia vanquished Seleucus. Before Britain known 236 The year of the world 3678 The year before Christ 285 Ferithias', brother to Fergus, Before Britain known 235 was chosen king of Scots, during the nonage of his brother's children, who by Ferlegus his nephew, for the desire to reign, was slain, when he had reigned xu years, and Ferlegus, for that act fled scotland. Demetrius submitted him to Seleucus. The year of the world 3679 The year before Christ 284 Ptholomeus philadelphus, king of Egypt, Before Britain known 234 reigned xxxviii. years. The year of the world 3680 The year before Christ 283 Before Britain known 233 A prince above all other given to study and learning, he made a library in Alexandria, which he furnished with innumerable books of all sciences, among which as chief was the volume of Moses' law. For the king hearing of that divine law was in Jerusalem being very desirous to have it translated, first discharged out of his bondage, all the jews in his realm, who were above .100000. Then sit he Demetrius & Aristeus to Eleazar the high priest with great gifts to the temple of god desiring that the law might be sent with learned men to translate it into Greek. Incontinente Eleazar sent .72. interpreters, who commonly be called. Septuaginta interpretes. These the king honourably received, and sent them to Demetrius, clerk of his library in alexandria, who provided a place for them, where they assembled daily to interpret the holy scripture: and in .72. days finished it. Which being done, the king with great gifts dismissed them home. The Lucanes, Brutians, Samnites, & Hetruscians being confederate with the Galls, made a utage towards Rome: But by Dolabella they were driven back. The Galls slew the Roman ambassadors, Cecilius the praetor, and .13000. soldiers. Before Britain known 232 ARchigallo thus restored to his royal estate, The year of the world 3681 The year before Christ 282 ruled the people quietly and justly ten years, and then changed his life with death. Aggal Esly received the principaliter of the jews▪ & governed them .8. years. Before Britain known 331 The Tarentines spoiled the Roman navy, The year of the world 3682 The year before Christ 281 & would not receive the ambassadors of Rome. Before Britain known 230 Ptolomeus Ceraunus reigned one year in Macedon, The year of the world 3683 The year before Christ 280 and was vanquished by the Galls. Lysimacus being overcome in battle of Seleucus died. Seven months after Seleucus by the falsehood of Ptolemy, lost his life. The wars of the Greeks against the Aetolians. War indicted to the Tarentins, they sent to Pyrrhus for aid, he cometh, and with the help of his Elephants overcometh Levinus the consul. Pyrrhus wondering at the continency of Fabritius, in refusing his rich gets which he sent to him, did send Cynea to Rome for peace, blind Appius Claudius persuaded them to the contrary. Before Britain known 229 Antiochus Soter the second king of Asia and Syria, The year of the world 3684 The year before Christ 279 reigned xix years. About these days blood was seen to springe out of a well, and milk to fall from the clouds. Meleagrus was king of Macedon .2. months. After whom Antipater reigned .45. days. Softenes reigned in Macedon ii years, he overcame the Galls in Macedon. Pyrrhus was vanquished by the consuls: by flight he saved himself, and returned to Tarentum. The Scicilians after the death of Agathocles, Before Britain known 228 because they were continually vexed with the wars of the Carthaginenses, sent for Pyrrhus, The year of the world 3685 The year before Christ 278 and gave unto him the dominion of the whole islee. another Brennus, capitain of the Galls, which invaded Grece, after many spoils there done, rob the temple of Apollo at Delphos and to excuse his sacrilege said: that the gods needed nothing, but they being rich, ought to part their goods to poor men, but he being overthrown by the power of god, for pain killed himself, his army being destitute of a captain with lightning, hail, hunger, and pestilence was vexed, and for desperation killed their wives and children, and so were scattered through Asia and grece. But at last they gathered again together, and aiding Nicomedes, the king of Bithynia, when they had gotten the victory, divided the country with him, which was called after Gallogrecia. The year of the world 3686 The year before Christ 277 Antigonus Gonates reigned in Macedon xxxvi years he overcame the Galls. Before Britain known 227 The year of the world 3688 The year before Christ 275 Polybius the historiographer flourished. Before Britain known 225 Hiero king of Sicily reigned. Pyrrhus expulsing Antigonus possessed Macedony. The Tarentines called Pyrrhus out of Sicily to help them, whom Curius the consul vanquished, he triumphed, at which time in Rome the elephants were first seen. Pyrrhus' left Italy and Sicily. Maslot Nahum, prince of the jews, Before Britain known 224 succeeded his father and reigned 7▪ years. The year of the world 3689 The year before Christ 274 The Peloponenses by treason were delivered to Antigonus. The wars of Pyrrhus against the Lacedemones. After many grievous battles by him fought in Grece at the assault of Argos, with a stone cast down of a woman he was slain. Before Britain known 223 ¶ Alexander the son of Pyrrhus, The year of the world 3690 The year before Christ 273 was king of the Epyrotes. The Tarentines hearing of the death of Pyrrhus solicited the Carthaginenses to take their part, whom the Romans overcame and vanquished. Elidurus', afore named, after the death of her brother Archigallo for his pietee and justice, Before Britain known 222 The year of the world 3691 The year before Christ 272 by the general consent of the Britons, was again chosen king. But he reigned not passing two year, but ere that his younger brethren, Uigenius and Peredurus, raised war against him, and took him prisoner, where he remained (as they writ) in the tower of London, during their reign. Eleazar the high priest of the jews. Before Britain known 221 Alexander king of Epirus, got the realm of Macedon. The year of the world 3692 The year before Christ 271 Genutius the consul took Rhegium, and sent the right Legion which had forsaken the Romans in the wars of Pyrrhus to Rome who by the commandment of the people were whipped and after put to death. VIgenius and Peredurus, The year of the world 3653 The year before Christ 270 after the taking of their brother, Before Britain known reigned together vii years. Uigenius then died, and Peridurus reigned after alone .2. years. Demetrius' son of Antigonus, recovered the realm of Macedon, and deprived Alexander of his kingdom, who fled to the Arcadians. Maynus, youngest son of Fergus, after the death of his uncle was king of Scots, he devised many superstitious ceremonies to be used in his pagan law, and when he had reigned .29. years he died. Before Britain known 219 The Alexandrines sent by Ptolemy to Rome, obtained the amity which they desired. The year of the world 3694 The year before Christ 269 In this year, the Romans first coigned silver. The Picentes first moved war. Before Britain known 218 The Picentes were overcome, the Romans triumphed over them, The year of the world The year before Christ 268 they builded Priminium in France, & Beventum in Italy. Before Britain known 217 Amos Scyrach, prince of the jews, The year of the world 3696 The year before Christ 267 governed them xiiii. years. War indicted to the Salentines, Brunduse taken and monstrous prodigies seen. In Rome they mustered there were found. 2712●4. heads. The year of the world 3699 The year before Christ 264 The first wars between the Romans and Carthaginenses began in Sicily, in the which. Before Britain known 214 Ap. Claudius triumphed upon▪ Hiero and the Africans. The year of the world 3701 The year before Christ 262 Peace being made with Hiero and the Syracusans, Before Britain known 212 he gave unto the Romans .cc. talents of silver, and the africans were vanquished in Sicily. The year of the world 3702 The year before Christ 261 SLidure, Before Britain known 211 the third time was made king of Britain who continued his later reign honourably and justly: but being sore bruised with age and troubles, he finished his life, when he had now lastly reigned four years. The year of the world 3703 The year before Christ 260 Antiochus surnamed Theos, the third king of Syria reigned xu years. Before Britain known 210 Hanno, duke of Carthage, in a battle upon the sea was vanquished by Duilius the consul. Cornelius his fellow was taken by the Carthaginenses. The year of the world 3704 The year before Christ 259 L. Cornelius Scipio wasted the isles Corsica and Sardinia▪ Hanno duke of Carthage was slain. Before Britain known 209 The year of the world 3705 The year before Christ 258 GOrbonian reigned in Britain ten years. Before Britain known 208 Attilius Calatinus, going to Camerina, fell into the host of the Poenians or Carthaginenses, and by the help of Calphurnius was rescued. Hannibal the elder being vanquished by the Romans, of his own men was hanged. The year of the world 3706 The year before Christ 257 Xantippus king of Lacedemonia. Before Britain known 207 The Parthians refused the dominion of the Syrians. M. Attilius Regutus with his companion vanquished the Carthaginenses, on the sea, & warred in Africa, where they were victors. Regulus killed a serpent of wonder full greatness, by Xantippus the Lacedaemon, he was overcome and taken prisoner. Arsaces' invaded the realm of Parthia, suppressing Andragorus the precedent thereof. Of him all the kings of Parthia were called Arsaces. Theodotus the precedent of Bactria, commanded himself to be called king. The year of the world 3708 The year before Christ 255 Upon the sea the Carthaginenses were again overcome Before Britain known 205 by the Romans▪ and they also by the cost of sicily with tempest were destroyed. Mathathias siloa, received the principality of the jews, Before Britain known 204 and governed them ten years. The year of the world 3709 The year before Christ 254 The consuls destroyed the sea costs of Africa, & returning victors into sicily, about Palinurus they suffered shipwreck. Metellus in sicily overthrew Asdrubal, The year of the world 3712 The year before Christ 251 and brought 120. elephants with great pomp to Rome. Before Britain known 201 Manasses was made high priest of the jews. The year of the world 3713 The year before Christ 250 Before Britain known 200 Regulus being five years kept in prison was sent by the Carthaginenses to Rome on his fidelity, to obtain peace, which if he could not▪ to return again, and yield himself prisoner, but he dissuaded the senate from making peace or exchanging prisoners, and so returned to Carthage; to prison, where with most valiant mind he vainquished fortune. The consuls besieged Lilybeus: by Annibal the son of Amilcar, they were vanquished, & lost most part of their army At the haven Drepanus the Romans fought unluckyly The year of the world 3714 The year before Christ 246 Before Britain known 199 MOrgan was crowned king of britain, who guided the royalme peaceably xiiii years. Before Britain known 198 The year of the world 3715 The year before Christ 248 The navy of Carthage wasted sore the sea parts of Italy. Seleucus Gallinicius the fourth king of syria, The year of the world The year before Christ 245 reigned twenty year. Before Britain known 195 He put to death his stepmother Beronice, with her young child. For which cruelty many of his cities forsook him, and received ptolemy. Ptolomeus Euergetes the third king of egypt, reigned .26. years. He subdued Gallinicius, & obtained Syria, judea, Cilicia and other countries. Before Britain known 193 josephus Arses, prince of the jews reigned .60. years, The year of the world 3720 The year before Christ 243 he was constituted governor of the tribes of samaria. Gallinicius suffered shipwreck, and was again restored to his royalme. In this time continual war was between the Romans and poenians. Before Britain known 192 Luctatius overcame & vanquished the Carthaginenses at the Isles Egates. The year of the world 3722 The year before Christ 242 In a short time after the whole navy of Carthage, between Sicily and Sardinia, was almost destroyed with tempest. Whereby Amilcar desired peace, which was granted. Here endeth the first wars of Carthage. The year of the world 3722 The year before Christ 241 Doruidilla, the son of Maynus, Before Britain known 191 was made king of the Scots, who reigned xxviii years, he gave all his study and desire to hunting, in so much that thereof he made laws, and continued all his life in peace. Demetrius, the xxxv king of Macedon reigned ten years By the exundation of Tiber, and fire, Rome was sore wasted. The year of the world 3723 The year before Christ 240 Onias, Before Britain known 190 the son of just Simon in this time flourished Arsaces builded Dara. The year of the world 3725 The year before Christ 238 The romans warred with the Phaliscians', Before Britain known 188 & slew 150000. of them, they fought also prosperously with the Galls. The year of the world 3726 The year before Christ 237 Eumenes, king of Bythinia, Before Britain known 187 in this time invaded Asia The wars in Ligustia, now called Lombary, where the Romans triumphed, and passed over the great river of Poo. The year of the world 3728 The year before Christ 235 The Sardiniens rebelled by the means of Carthage but by the Romans they were subdued, Before Britain known 185 peace was renewed with the Poenians, and in all other places, the temple of janus was shut, which was not closed before, since the time of Numa. EMerianus, brother to Morgan, Before Britain known 184 succeeded in the royalme of Britain, The year of the world 3729 The year before Christ 234 when he had tyrannously reigned seven. years, he was deposed. Amilcar, with an army was sent into spain, Before Britain known 183 where he dilated the empire of Carthage. The year of the world 3730 The year before Christ 233 Antigon●●, the .36. king of Macedon reigned .12. years. Before Britain known 181 Teuca queen of Illyria slew the Roman ambassadors The year of the world 3732 The year before Christ 231 Armenes king of Cappadocia. Before Britain known 379 The year of the world 3734 The year before Christ 229 Teuca queen of Illyria flourished. The year of the world 3735 The year before Christ 228 The wars of Illyria, Before Britain known 178 the consuls took many cities and subdued both the roialm and the queen. The year of the world 3736 The year before Christ 227 IUal was chosen king of Britain for his justice and temperance, which he governed twenty years peaceably. Before Britain known 177 Seleu●us Cer●unus, the .v. king of Syria, Before Britain known 175 reigned .3 years, The year of the world 3738 The year before Christ 225 and was slain by the captains of Ptholome. The romans made a league with Amilcar. The wars of France began. The bishops contaminated the city with sacrifices: they buried quick in the ox market a french man and french woman, with a Greek woman. Before Britain known 174 Mithridates Arsaces' king of Parthia. The year of the world 3739 The year before Christ 224 At the first encounter between the Romans and Galls the Romans were shamefully put back: then C. Attilius coming to the rescue, was there slain: but yet the Galls were overcome. Before Britain known 172 Antiochus the great the vi king of Syria reigned 36 years. The year of the world 3741 The year before Christ 222 The Romans at the river Adua, vanquished the Galls. Before Britain known 171 Prusias of Bithynia The year of the world 3742 The year before Christ 221 Acheus of Taurus. king. Cavarus of France. Attalus of Asia. Marcellus subdued the Galls that inhabited Lombardy, and took Milan by force, the frenchmen put themselves and theirs under the power of the people of Rome. Before Britain known 170 Demetrius king of Illyria, and Ariarates king of Cappodocia reigned. The year of the world 3743 The year before Christ 220 Antigonus vanquished Cleomenes, and spoiled him of his realm, obtained Sparta, took Tegeta, and was received of the Argives. The Istrians were subdued by the Romans. Before Britain known 169 Ptolomeus Philopater the .4. king of Egypt, The year of the world 3744 The year before Christ 219 reigned xvii years, he slew his parents and his brother, and so invaded their royalme. Philip .37. king of Macedon, governed them .42. years. The wars social between the Acheans & Aetolians. Annybal the son of Amilcar, was ordained captain of Carthage, like as he was of noble and valiant courage, so was he wise, guileful, and of wonderful policy, whereby he wrought much scathe to the Romans, against whom he conceived such enmity & wrath in his youth, that being a child of viii years of age, he swore to his father, that his life should fail him, before he would leave the hatred that he had conceived in his heart toward them. Wherefore in his childhood, being demanded, when the wars of Carthage and Rome should have an end, steringe the dust of the ground with his foot, answered: They shall then be finished, when one of the parts is brought into this form. The year of the world 3745 The year before Christ 218 The beginning of Hannibal his wars, Before Britain known 168 he took Saguntum, the people of which city were so faithful to the Romans, that after great famine by him sustained, rather than they would yield them to Hannibal, burned themselves, their wives, children, and goods. Aemelius took Dimalis, a city of Illyria: the residue submitted them to the Romans: Demetrius fled into Macedon. Philip overcame the Illyrians, and drove them out of Macedon. The Rhodians moved war against byzantians. Theodotus by treason delivered Ptolemai●a and Tyrus to Antigonus. The year of the world The year before Christ 217 The wars of Syria, Before Britain known 167 between Antiochus and Ptolomeus, in which Antiochus was vainquished. Annibal subdued the Galls as far as Pyreus, he overcame them at the river Rhodanus: at Ticinus he overthrow the Romans: and at Trebeia vanquished Sempronius with his army, he first pierced the mountains, making his way with fire & vinegar, where he brought over his army into italy, being of .80000. footmen 10000 horsemen, and twenty Elephants. The year before Christ 216 The war in Candy between the Gnosians & Litians. Corn. Scipio subdued a great part of spain. The year of the world 3747 Before Britain known 166 A battle at the lake Trasymenus, where Flamminius the consul was slain, and the Romans put to flight. The year of the world 3748 The year before Christ 215 Aniball obtained the noble victory of Cannas, where Aemyltus the consul was slain, Before Britain known 165 with two Questors .21. Tribunes .90. senators .300. of the nobility .4000. footmen, and .2700. horsemen, and came within three miles of Rome. Mithridates warred upon the Sinopenses. The year of the world 3749 The year before Christ 214 Antiochus indicted war to Acheus. Before Britain known 164 Philip king of macedony took Thebes and entered in league with Hannibal. Posthumius by the deceit of the frenchmen was slain. Marcellus overcame Annibal, and the Scipions vanquished Asdrubal in Spain. Fabius Maximus was created Dictator of Rome. ¶ This man in his youth exercised both eloquence and prowess, and therefore after became as well in arms as counsel a captain most excellent, and subduing many countries to the Romans, triumphed five times. At this time being made dictator against Hannibal, he so tempered prudence with manhood, that by detracting of battle, and training Annibal from place to place. and at sundry advantages skyrmisshing with him: he minished his puissance, and preserved the public weal of his country. In so much that Annibal (when he had o●erthrowe Minutius the Consul, and was constrained by Fabius, which came to the rescue to retire with loss of his men) said: Did not I tell you, that this cloud would at the last bring us a storm? Calling Fabius a cloud, because he hovered upon the hills. Before Britain known 163 ¶ Nathak, brother of Doruidilla, The year of the world 3750 The year before Christ was made king of Scots, who for his tyranny, in the second year of his reign, was slain by his own lords. The poenians were overthrown by Fabius at Benenentum. Before Britain known 162 ¶ Pleuratus king of Thracia, The year of the world 3751 The year before Christ 212 Scerdiletus king of Illyria. Hitherto writeth Polybius. Syphax king of Numidia, entered in amity with the Romans. Before Britain known 161 Re●thar, son of Doruidilla, a young child, The year of the world 3752 The year before Christ 211 contrary to the laws of Scotland was made king: for which cause scotland was vexed with civil wars, in manner to the desolation thereof, and the Britons entered and subdued it, which they kept (as the Scots write) xii years under their subjection, their king Reuthar being expelled out of his royalme, and living in Ireland: but afterward by entreatee, upon certain conditions, he was again restored to his kingdom, and reigned in all .26. years. ¶ Hannibal took Tarentum, and the Scipiones were slain in Spain. Before Britain known 160 The Romans were in such fear, The year of the world 3753 The year before Christ 210 by the coming of Hannibal towards Rome, that they determined to have forsaken the city, and to i'll in to Greece. But by the prows and wisdom of the young Scipio, they were persuaded to the defence of their country, who (when all other feared to be captains, in so dangerous wars) took upon him to deliver Italy from the power of Hannibal, being but .22. years of age, for which cause he was first sent into Spain with an army. * This Scipio was of wonderful towardness even from his childhood, for being but xvii years old, in a great battle by Pavia in Lombary, he rescued his father when he was environed with enemies, and in danger to be slain. After he had prosperously finished the wars, that he had taken in hand, he was so greatly renowned, that men came out of all countries only to see and honour him. And as he was famous in martial prowess, so was he excellently well learned, and favoured learned men exceedingly: in so much as he refused to here the ambassadors of Carthage, making entreatee for peace, until they had brought to him Terence the latin poet: in whom he after so greatly delighted, that it is said he holp him to make his comedies. At●alus of Asia, Pleuratus of Thracia, Scerdiletus of Illyria were kings The year of the world 3854 The year before Christ 209 Before Britain known 159 The Aetolians confederated themselves with the Romans, and indicted war to Philip. Scipio took new Carthage in Spain, and sent Mago prisoner to Rome. Fuluius the consul recovered T●●ētum. Scipio over came and vanquished hasdrubal. The year of the world 3755 The year before Christ 208 Before Britain known 158 RImo governed this royalme of britain xvi years. The year of the world 3756 The year before Christ 207 Philip, king of Macedon, Before Britain known 157 fought prosperously against the Aetolians. near unto Lacinius Annibal overthrow the Romans, in which conflict Marcellus the consul was slain. Ualerius wasted Aprica, and vanquished the Carthaginenses on the sea. In Spain Hanno was taken, and the Carthaginenses that were with him, The year of the world 3757 The year before Christ 206 slain. Before Britain known 156 P. Sulpitius Proconsul of Grece. Hostil●us put Hannibal to flight. At Sena Asdrubal, with his army was overthrown and vanquished by the consuls, whose head Nero caused to be cast into the camp of Hannibal. Before Britain known 155 Spain was subdued to the Romans. Before Britain known 154 The war between Syphax and Masinissa began, The year of the world 3758 The year before Christ 205 in which Syphax drove Masinissa out of his royalme. The year of the world 3759 The year before Christ 204 Before Britain known 153 Scipio vanquished the Poenians, and Sempronius overcame Hannibal. The year of the world 3760 The year before Christ 203 Before Britain known 152 Ptolomeus Epiphanes, the .v. king of Egypt, reigned 24. years, he passed not the age of four years, The year of the world 3761 The year before Christ 202 when his father died. Wherefore he was committed to the governance of the Romans, which was the occasion of great wars between Antiochus and the Romans. Scipis destroyed the camp of Syphax and Asdrubal. Syphaax was taken by Lelius, and brought to Rome. Annibal was compelled to return to Carthage to the defence thereof, the xvii year after he first entered into Italy. Before Britain known 151 Scipio and Hannibal met together in battle, The year of the world 3762 The year before Christ 120 in which Hannibal was put to flight. The Carthaginenses desired peace, which was granted to them, but .500. of their ships were drowned in the sight of the city Here endeth the second wars of Carthage. Before Britain known 150 Peace was given to Carthage. The year of the world 3763 The year before Christ 200 Masinissa was also restored to his royalme. Scipio returned to Rome with great triumph, after whose chariot Terence the comical poet followed as prisoner. Before Britain known 149 The wars of Macedon began because that Philip sent succours to the Carthaginenses. The year of the world 3764 The year before Christ 199 Ser. Sulpitius went into Macedon, where he took many towns. The french wars arose, in which Furius triumphed Bebius Pamphilus, The year of the world 3765 The year before Christ 198 entering into the lands of the Milliners, Before Britain known 148 with all his army was enclosed. Quintius the consul overthrow king Philip. The year of the world 3766 The year before Christ 197 The Atheians established peace with the Romans. Before Britain known 147 A rebellion of servants in Rome, which by Corn. Lentulus were subdued and slain. Before Britain known 146 Antiochus in Co●losyria subdued all the cities belonging to Ptolomeus. The year of the world 3767 The year before Christ 196 Nabis, the tyrant of Lacedaemon, receiving the city of Argives, fell to the part of the Romans. Quintius in Thessaly put Philip also to flight. The Lombard's submitted them to the Romans: the Millanners were vanquished and slain. Sempronius in Spain was killed. Antiochus repaired the city Lysimachia. Before Britain known 145 The year of the world 3768 The year before Christ 195 Peace made between Philip and the Romans. The cities of Grece were restored to their liberty. A sedition of servants began in Thuscayn: M. Acilius subdued and hanged them. Hannibal, because he would not come in the Romans danger, The year of the world 3769 The year before Christ 194 fled unto Antiochus. Before Britain known 144 Quintius made war upon Nabis prince of Lacedaemon. Cato subdued the Spaniards, and triumphed. Antiochus, perceiving that he could not get the royalme of Egypt, The year of the world 3770 The year before Christ 193 made his power against Asia, Before Britain known 143 and took Rhodes and Samos, and than by the provocation of Hannibal, he prepared war against the Romans. Peace was given to Nabis. And Quintius triumphed three days in Rome. GEruntius reigned here in Britain .20. years The year of the world 3771 The year before Christ 192 josephus, the son of Thobias, delivered the jews from the fury of Ptolemy. Before Britain known 142 Corn. Scipio subdued the Lusitanes. Antiochus gave unto Ptolemy in marriage his daughter Cleopatra. The year of the world 3772 The year before Christ 191 Before Britain known 141 Philopoemenes, captain of the Acheans, overthrow the soldiers of Nabis, slew most part of the army, and spoiled the country of Lacedaemon. The year before Christ 190 Antiochus was put to flight, Before Britain known 140 and driven out of Grecia by Attilius Glabrio. The year of the world 3773 Scipio Nasica vanquished the Galls, and triumphed over them. The year of the world 3774 The year before Christ 189 Hannibal in a battle on the sea was vanquished of Eumenes, at Thiatyria Scipio Nasica subdued Antiochus, Before Britain known 139 and granted him peace upon condition, that his dominion should only extend no further, than the mountain Taurus. Hannibal fled unto Prusias king ofBithinia. Philopoemenes overcame the Lacedemones, Before Britain known 138 brake down their walls, The year of the world 3775 The year before Christ 188 & abrogated the laws of Lycurgus. L. Bebius, by the Ligurians was environed with all his army and slain. Scipio triumphed over Asia. Seleucus, called also Philopater the vii king of Syria reigned xii years, Before Britain known 136 he by the instigation of one Simon, The year of the world 3777 The year before Christ 186 that was governor of the temple of Jerusalem, sent Heliodorus to have taken away the treasure of the temple: but by the angels of god he was let, & hardly escaped▪ Scipio Affricanus, after his manifold benefits done for the city of Rome, was banished to Linternum. Gracchus defended the cause of Scipio, and married his youngest daughter. A day also was appointed to Scipio Asiaticus to answer his accusers. Before Britain known 135 Reutha, cousin germane to Reuther, The year of the world 3778 The year before Christ 185 was made governor of Scotland, during the nonage of Thereus the son of Reuther, who ruled quietly the royalme xvii years, and then resigned the governance thereof to Thereus. The wantonness or delicacy of the Asians began to take place in the city of Rome, & cooks to be had in estimation Before Britain known 134 Simon son of Onias' high priest of the jews. The year of the world 3779 The year before Christ 184 The Romans at Hippones were overthrown. Calphurnius and Quintius subdued the Spaniards. Before Britain known Hircanus, The year of the world 3780 The year before Christ 183 the son of josephus was made prince of judea, where he ruled xvi years. He, according to Philo was the last prince of the house of David. For after his decease the Maccabees obtained both the pryncipalitee and office of high pryest. Calphurnus and Quintius consuls triumphed over the Lusitaines and Celtiberians. Cato the noble Censor in this time flourished, who was very old or he learned the latin and greek letters. Before Britain known 132 Onias the son of Simon the just, The year of the world 3781 The year before Christ 182 was made high bishop of the jews. Philopoemeus, taken by the Messenians, drinking poison finished his life. T. Quintius was sent to Prusias, to require Annibal to be delivered to the Romans, but Annibal because he would not come in their hands, poisoned himself. Scipio Affricanus died at Linternun upon whose tomb was written. O ingrate country: which hast not so much as my bones. A sedition did rise among the jews for the children of joseph. Demetrius, the son of Philip being accused by his brother Perseus, The year of the world 3782 The year before Christ 181 Before Britain known 131 was poisoned by Dida presydente of Poeonia. The year of the world 3783 The year before Christ 180 A pestilence in Rome. Before Britain known 130 Pinarius subdued the Isle Cors●ra to the Romans. The year of the world 3784 The year before Christ 179 Fuluius Fiaccus overcame again the Spaniards. Before Britain known 129 The year of the world 3785 The year before Christ 178 Ptolomeus Philometor vi king of Egypt, Before Britain known 128 reigned xxxv. years, and finally died by exceeding joy that he took of a victory. Gracchus' vanquished the Celtiberians, and Fuluius triumphed over the Ligurians. The year of the world 3786 The year before Christ 177 Perseus, the xxxviii and last king of Macedon, reigned xi years, he warred against the Romans, Before Britain known 127 and at the last was taken by Paulus Aemilius the consul, and brought prisoner in a triumph to Rome. His youngest son of necessity to sustain his life, was driven to occupy a smiths craft. So uncertain is the state of fortune. The Histrians put to flight the Romans, & overcome M. Licinius, with his men of war. Manlius the consul subdued them again, and vanquished their drunken king. The year of the world 3787 The year before Christ 176 Sempronius Gracchus overthrew the Ilienses and Balarians in Sardinia. Before Britain known 126 Aepulo, prince of the Hystrians was taken, and all his country submitted them to the Romans. The year of the world 3788 The year before Christ 175 jesus, called also jason, brother to Onias, was high priest of the jews. Before Britain known 125 The year of the world 3789 The year before Christ 174 Antiochus Epiphanes the viii king of Syria, reigned xi. years. A prince given to falsehood and mischief. Before Britain known A schism among the jews for the office of the high priest. The year of the world 3790 CAtellus reigned here in britain ten years. The year before Christ 173 Claudius overcame the Celtiberians, Before Britain known 123 and utterly vanquished them, after which time they obeyed unto the empire. The year of the world 3791 The year before Christ 172 Popilius the consul received to his rule and governance the Ligurians. Before Britain known 122 The year of the world 3792 The year before Christ 171 The second wars of Macedon began. Before Britain known 121 Ar●aratres king of Thracia, desired amity with the Romans, which was granted to him. ¶ Perseus, king of Macedon, overcame the Romans at Sycurium. Before Britain known 120 The year of the world 3793 The year before Christ 170 Ap. Claudius sent into Illyria with an army, was beacon back, and put to flight at Uscana. ¶ Thereus, the son of Reuther, king of Scots, The year of the world 3795 The year before Christ 168 reigned xii years, Before Britain known 118 he for his tyranny and vicious living, by his lords, was deprived of his kingdom, and exiled out of his royalme. Antiochus took Jerusalem, spoiled the temple, forced the jews to forsake their laws, & defiled the temple with an ydol. He also overcame Ptolemy at Pelusium, and besieged Alexandria. Eleazar, a jew of .90. years of age, was slain, because he would not (contrary to his laws) eat swine's flesh. At the same time seven young men, with their mother, were put to terrible death, because they would not offend their law. Matathias with his fine sons, defended the cause of the jews, and slew Apollonius. Perseus took many cities of Illyria, and Martius the consul prosperously entered into Macedon with his army Matathias died by an oath be bound his sons to prefer the laws and wealth of their countries before their lives. Before Britain known 117 The year of the world 3796 The year before Christ 168 judas Machabeus governed the jews xii years. In short time he delivered them from their enemies, and restored the laws & sacrifices again. He obtained the amity of the Romans, whereby the jews preserved their liberty. Then for the defence of his country, with praying and fight he slew .35000. of his enemies, with Nicanor the captain of Demetrius, whose head he did set upon the castle of jerusalem, his threatening hand he hanged against the temple, and his blasphemous tongue he gave unto birds to be devoured. Finally, after many battles prosperously by him fought, he was slain by Bacchides a captain of Demetrius. C. Popilius, and C. Decimius ambassadors of the Romans restored egypt unto Ptolemy, Antiochus at their commandment returned into his royalme. L. Anicius subdued Illyria, and Gentius king thereof submitted him to the Romans. Aemilius Paulus the consulle vanquished Perseus, & conquered all Maccdone. C●. octavius arrived at Samothracia, whither Perseus was fled, who being destitute of any succour, yielded himself. The year of the world 3797 The year before Christ 166 Here endeth the kingdom of the Macedones. Before Britain known 116 The most pompous and royal triumph of Aemilius was showed in Rome. The year of the world 3795 The year before Christ 165 judas purified the temple from Idols, Before Britain known 115 and dedicated a temple unto the lord. Prusias, king of Bithynia, commended his son Nicomedes to the tuition of the Romans. Marcellus subdued the Galls of the mountains, & Sulpitius the Ligurians. Antiochus, hearing of the prosperous success of the jews, in a fury purposed to destroy them all, but god the beholder of all things, struck him with such an incurable disease that worms issued out of his body, which so putrefied the flesh, that the savour thereof no man might abide, and so most miserably died. The year before Christ 163 COilus succeeded Catellus in the realm of Britain who quietly reigned twenty years. The year of the world 3800 Before Britain known 113 Antiochus Eupater, the ix king of Syria, reigned ii years, he besieged, took, and destroyed Bethsura, made peace with judas, and after broke his promise and spoiled the temple. The year of the world 3801 The year before Christ 162 Alchimus by Lysias was constituted high priest of the jews. Before Britain known 112 Antiochus slew Philip whom his father had left to be governor of his royalme. Demetrius Soter, brother to Antiochus Epiphanes, Before Britain known 111 was the ten king of Syria, The year of the world 3802 The year before Christ 161 and reigned xi years, he lying in hostage at Rome fled from thence, and slew both Antyochus and Lysias, but Alexander the son of Eupator fled away. The year before Christ 158 judas meeting in battle with Betheron, slew him and overthrew all his army. The year of the world 3805 Before Britain known 108 judas by the people was appointed to the office of high priest, he also entered in league with the Romans. josine brother to Thereus, was made king of Scots. a prince given to peace and quiet, he reigned .24. years. judas committing battle with Bachides, at Barzi●on was slain. Before Britain known 106 The year of the world 3807 The year before Christ Before Britain known 105 jonathas, the xi captain of the jews, The year before Christ 155 brother unto judas, governed them xu years. The year of the world 3808 He vanquished Bachides at the river jordan: and finally was slain with a .1000. of his men, at Ptolomais, by the craft of Triphon Before Britain known 104 Nasica vanquished the Dalmatians. The year of the world 3809 The year before Christ Before Britain known 103 Alexander the son of Antiochus, took Ptolomais. The year before Christ 153 Before Britain known 101 Alexander entered in amity with jonathas. The year of the world 3810 The year of the world 3812 The year before Christ 151 Demetrius, joining battle with Alexander, was slain. Before Britain known 100 Alexander, called also Bala●s, the xi king of Syria, The year before Christ 150 reigned .v. years. The year of the world 3813 He married the daughter of Ptolemy king of Egypt. The war began between the Carthaginenses and Masimi●sa, king of Numidia. Scipio, called after Aphricanus, of his own good will took upon him the wars of Spain: in which he fought prosperously against them. Corn. Nasica prohibited the building of the Theatre as a thing unprofitable and hurtful to good manners. Before Britain known 99 The year of the world 3814 The year before Christ 149 jonathas vanquished Appolonius, surnamed Titus took Azotum, Before Britain known 98 subdued Ascalon, The year of the world 3815 The year before Christ 148 and with great victory returned to jerusalem. Ptolomeus for treason wrought against him, forsook the alliance of Alexander, and gave his daughter Cleopatra unto Demetrius▪ The third wars of Carthage began, in which they chose the two Asdruballes captains of their footmen, and Phan●as captain of their horsemen. Cato persuaded the Romans utterly to destroy Carthage, considering (as he said) the Romans to degenerate little and little from the prows and virtue of their ancestors. Wherefore if that mighty city should persist in that state knowing the ignavy, nicitee, and sluggishness of the Romans, nothing were more certain, but that they would again contend for the empire, and oppress the Romans, subduing them under their power, but Scipio Nasica was of contrary opinion, he would not have Carthage charge to be destroyed. First because it were an unhonest thing, that the Romans should show so great tyranny and so cruelly to slay such a people. Moreover it were unprofitable: for without that town, Aphrica could be kept in due obedience, except they would turn all into a wilderness. thirdly, it was very necessary that the Romans should have such a city adversary unto them whereby their people might be incited to prowess and activity, otherwise it should chance, that they should contend together in civil wars, if they had not a broad an enemy, The year before Christ 147 whom they should fear, Before Britain known 97 but in conclusion Cato obtained, The year of the world 3716 and Piso was sent to besiege Carthage. Phan●as with certain of his men, fell unto the part of the Romans. Masimissa dying, committed his son to the custody of Scipio. Ad●●scus, a man of a base state, Before Britain known 96 which counterfeited himself to be Philip, The year of the world 3817 The year before Christ 146 invaded Macedony, overcame and put to flight Iwencus the praetor. Scipio besieged Carthage. The Asians chose Ptolomeus, for their king, but he gave it unto Demetrius. Demetrius, called also Nicanor, the xii king of Syria reigned .v. years. Scipio, after the continual assault of six days, Before Britain known 95 took Carthage, The year of the world 3818 The year before Christ 149 unto whom Hasdrubal yielded himself. And albeit that Scipio permitted free flight to all, yet in the spoil of the city was committed great slaughter. After when by the commandment of Scipio, the city was fired, the wife of Hasdrubal, with a stout courage, leapt into the fire, finishing her life with that death, which the first queen suffered. The city burned continually .17. days, showing a miserable spectacle to her beholders. It is said that after Carthage was thus destroyed. Scipio went to behold the place, where some time that fair and beautiful city stood: and there seeing the miserable ruin and desolation thereof, with much weeping said: That he did foresee Rome in time to come, to lie in such manner overthrown and destroyed. The destruction of this city was done .679. years after the building thereof 608. years after the building of Rome, and, 693. years after the arrival of Brute here in Britain. The same year Corinte, a noble city of Grece, was destroyed with fire by Mummius the consul. Metellus first in the streictes of Thermopile, and after in Phoea, overcame the Macedones, brought Andariscu● in his subjection, and recovered Macedony. Mummius took Corinth and destroyed it with fire, whereof came the metals of Corinth. In this time three notable triumphs were atRome Scipia, triumphed over Aphrica, before whose chariot hasdrubal was led. Metellus over Macedonye, before whom went Andariscus the conterfeite Philip. And Mummius over Corinth, before whom was borne the metals and fair tables of Corinth. About this time, through the wars and dissension of the jews, there arose among them sundry sects and opinions in their religions, of which there were iii sorts. The first were called Pharisei, that is, segregate or chosen. They used certain constitutions of men beside the law of Moses, by which they were segregate from the residue of the people. They reputed themselves better than all other, they observed feigned fasts, prayed commonly in the streets, that they might be seen and called masters. Their learning was some what better than the others. For they taught the immortality after this life, and that god would punish sin: they bel●ued also Messiah to come to save such as believed, and to judge such as sinned. The second sect were saducee, they cloaked their wickedness under a glorious name. For Sadducei is as much as just or holy. They taught, that there was neither angel, spirit, nor life after death: that god gave the law only for this, that honestly and quietly we should live receiving of god here in this life the rewards of justice. They interpreted the scriptures according to the judgement of man's reason: neither any other thing would they here, & as concerning that which pertained to the manner of their living, they were plain Epicures. A wonderful thing to be hard, that such ethnic opinions should creep In among the pecu●ar people of god, and that so ●●rre, that openly they were not afraid to teach, and constant lo● to affirm, that after this life▪ there remained none other life. Essei ●ere the third who considering both the Phariseis and saducee, under an honest pretence of name to follow their lusts and desires▪ neither almost to do any thing that was worthy for their profession: therefore thought they to declare the severity of their life in deeds and would be called Essei, that is labourers, and studied to be seen holy and for the most part led an Anabaptistical life, abstaining from matrimony, and willing all things to be comen among them, they delighted in ●●eane apparel, and prayed before the son rising. Uiriatus, a Lusitaine, raised the Spaniards against the Romans, The year of the world 3819 The year before Christ 144 he overthrow Uetilius, Before Britain known 94 and destroyed all his army. Demetrius entered into amity with jonathas. POrrex a virtuous and gentle prince reigned in Britain .v. years. The year of the world 3820 The year before Christ 143 Before Britain known 93 Ptolomeus Euergetes▪ the vii king of Egipte reigned .29. years, a man very cruel and wicked, which delighted in effusion of blood, for he slew his sister's son in her arms: and many other abominable acts he committed, which be not convenient to be written. jonathas renewed amity with the Romans and Lacedemones. Plautius, joining battle with Uiriatus, was put to flight. Demetrius was taken by Arsaces' king of Parthia, and put to death. The year of the world The year before Christ 142 Before Britain known 92 Mithridates, the vi king of Parthia, after he had subdued Demetrius, invaded Babylon, with all the regions between the rivers Idaspes and Indus. Claudius' the consul at the first conflict was put back by the Galls, but at the second time he obtained the victory, and slew .v. M. of them. C●. Unimanus was shamefully beaten and put to flight by the Lusitaines. Antiochus Theos, the xiii king of Syria, reigned four years. Before Britain known 91 The year of the world 3822 The year before Christ 141 jonathas betrayed by Triphon, was slain. Before Britain known 90 Simon his brother was made the third capitain of the jews, and reigned viii years, The year of the world 3823 The year before Christ 140 he overcame Antiochus G●iphus, and lastly by the treason of his son in law was slain. Q. Pompeius subdued the Termesti●s, but by the Numantians he was vanquished, and forced to make an unprofitable peace. Uir●arus was slain by his own men. CHirimus, king of Britain, The year of the world 3825 The year before Christ 138 through his drunkenness as our chroniclers write, Before Britain known 88 reigned but one year Triphon, murdering his prince Antiochus, invaded the kingdom of Syria. Before Britain known 87 FUlgen, son to Chrrimus, The year of the world 3826 The year before Christ 137 reigned .2. year in Britain Triphon, called also Diodotus, the .14. king of ●●ria reigned iii years. Simon confirmed his league with the Romans. Before Britain known 86 Mancinus being overthrown of the Numanti●es, The year of the world 3827 The year before Christ 136 and driven out of his camp, was forced to conclude a peace greatly to his dishonour. ELdred reigned in Britain one year. The year of the world 3828 The year before Christ 135 Before Britain known 85 Antiochus Sedetes the xv king of Syria, reigned ix. years. He was invited both to the marriage and kingdom by Cleopatra, and after by the help of Simon, he slew Triphon▪ ¶ In Rome a child was borne with four feet, four hands, four eyes, as many ears, and having both natures. In the land of Bonony corn grew out of trees. ANdrogius likewise reigned one year in Britain. The year of the world 3829 The year before Christ 134 Before Britain known 84 In Sicily a rebellion of .70000. servants began, which moved a cruel Tedition. VRianus the son of Androgius succeeded his father in the realm of Britain, Before Britain known 83 and reigned iii years, The year of the world 3830 The year before Christ 133 he wholly gave himself to the desires of the flesh. N●mantia a noble city of Spain, by the assault of Scipio was destroyed. This city by the space of .14. years, with .4000. of their own soldiers, not only withstood .40000. Romans, but also vainquished them oftentimes. For which cause Scipio the younger, who destroyed Carthage, was sent thither. He enclosed the city about with a great trench. When the Numantines by long siege were sore famished, they determined to finish their misery with death: than with a sudden eruption they broke forth upon their enemies: And (if Scipio had not been there present) the Romans had fled away, so eagerly they assailed them: but by the great multitude of the romans, they were driven back, and many of them slain: than the residue in good order retired into the town, and closed their gates, where with the sword poison, and fire they consumed themselves, their goods and their city, leaving neither man nor goods for a spoil to the romans. Finnane the son of josine, Before Britain known 82 was made king of Scots a just and virtuous prince, The year of the world The year before Christ 132 as they writ, which governed them .30. years The sect or religion of the priests Druids, in this time was instituted in the isle of man.. Simon, walking through the cities of judea, went to Hiericho with his two sons judas & Mathathias, where by ptolemy, his son in law, they were traitorously slain. Hitherto extendeth the book of Machabeis. Hirc●nus, called also joannes, son of Simon, & four captain of the jews, governed them .26. years. Antiochus, in the feast of tabernacles besieged Jerusalem, by gentleness he subdued the jews, & granted them to live according to their father's laws. Not long after that Carthage and Numantia were thus destroyed, the Romans fell at dissension. For Gracchus, protector of the comminaltee, being displeased with the nobility, because they noted him to be an author of the Numantine league made by Mane●nus, to win the favour of the people, decreed to divide certain lands among them. For which cause the Senate was incensed to anger, and the people to pride. Whereupon a day of session was appointed, whereat the commons being also gathered, by the senate they were driven away and Gracchus with .200. slain. Attalus, king of Asia, by his testament bequeathed his royalme to the people of Rome. Before Britain known 81 ELiud, king of Britain, reigned .v. years. The year of the world 3832 The year before Christ 121 Before Britain known 80 Aristonicus, the son of Attalus, invaded Asia, The year of the world 3833 The year before Christ 130 and slew Licinius Crassus, with all his army. Before Britain known 79 Nicomedes of Bithynia, Mithridates of Pontus, The year of the world 3834 The year before Christ 129 Ariarates of Cappadocie, Pylemenes of Paphlagonie kings, aided the Romans against Aristonicus. Mar. Perpenna consul sent against Aristonicus, ever came and took him. Metellus made a law in Rome, that all men should be forced to be married. Before Britain known 78 Scipio Aphricanus the younger, The year of the world 3835 The year before Christ 128 who destroyed Carthage and Numantia, being accused of his enemies, made answer thereof, and in the morning after was found dead in his bed strangled, as some affirmed by his wife Sempronia, who was of the house of Gracchus. Before Britain known 77 Hireanus did first among the jews nourish stranger's Antiochus encountering with Arsaces' king of Parthia in battle, was slain. The year of the world 3836 The year before Christ 127 Before Britain known 76 Demetrius the xvi king of Syria, The year of the world 3837 The year before Christ 126 brother unto Antiochus, reigned four years. Before Britain known 75 Dedancius king of Britain reigned here .v. years. The year of the world The year before Christ 125 Before Britain known 74 In afric there swarmed such huge multitudes of locusts, that they devoured not only all the fruits, The year of the world 3839 The year before Christ 124 herbs, and roots, but also did gnaw even the bitter barks, which after with a sudden wind being driven together on heaps, were long tossed in the air, fell at the last into the Aphrican sea, and by violence of the water were cast here and there on land, whereupon ensued such infection of the air, and pestilent savour, that it caused great murrayn of beasts and birds: the putrefaction of whose carcases did also the more augment the foresaid plague: through which there died in Numedye .80000 men, and about the parts of Carthage and Urica died also above ii hundred thousand. L. Opimius' first of all other by war subdued the Ligurians on the further side of the mountains. Before Britain known 72 Alexander Zebenna, the xvii, king of Syria, The year of the world 3841 The year before Christ 122 vanquished Demetrius, and reigned ii years. The Romans repaired again Carthage, and stored it with new inhabytauntes. Seleveus, brother to Demetrius, was put to death because he, without the consent of his mother, took upon him the crown. The year of the world 3843 The year before Christ 120 De●onus reigned in Britain ii years. Before Britain known 70 Antiochus Griphus the .18. king of Syria reigned x years, between him and Antiochus Cyricenus was contitinuall war for the royalme of Syria. ●. Gracchus, and Ful. Flaccus, for stirring a new sedition in the city, were slain, with divers of their faction. Q. Fabius the consul went forth against Bituitus, a prince of the Galls, who with .180000. warriors invaded the dominions of the Romans, and seeing the small noumbre of them, said in derision: that the Romans were not meat enough for his dogs, but at the first conflict he turned his back, and lost in that journey all his men: who by the sword, and in the water of Rhodanus perished. The hill Aetna burned more than it was wont, in so much that it fired the town Catina: to the reparation whereof the Romans forgave them ten years tribute. The year before Christ 118 Gurginius reigned .3 years in Britain, Before Britain known 68 The year of the world 3845 The year of the world 3846 The year before Christ 117 Q. Martius the consul, invaded the Galls, Before Britain known 67 that dwell under the mountains, who perceiving themselves not able to match with the Romans, first slew their wife's and children, and after burned themselves that none of them should be under the Romans subieciton. Micipsa, king of Numidia died, who left Adharball and Hyempsall his sons to succeed, and jugurth, whom he had adopted. The year of the world 3848 The year before Christ 115 MErianus was king of Britain ii years. Before Britain known 65 The year of the world 3849 The year before Christ 114 Ptolomeus called also Phiscon and Soter the viii. king of Egypt reigned xvii years, Before Britain known 64 he was by his mother Cleopatra expelled out of his realm, and after returned again. The year before Christ 113 BLadunus governed Britain ii years. Before Britain known 63 The year of the world Cleopatra, drinking the poison: which she prepared for Antiochus Griphus finished her life. Cato in Thracia fought unfortunatelye against the Scordiscians'. A muster in Rome, in which there was found .394336 heads of citizens. Before Britain known 62 The Cimbrians, a people, which inhabited that part that now is called Denmark, The year of the world 3851 The year before Christ came with the Germans to pass Italy and France, being in numbered about 300000. Against whom Papyrius Carbo was sent, who by them was soon overthrown and slain. The two brethren of Metellus in one day triumphed the one from Thracia, the other from Sardinia. Before Britain known 61 CApen●s reigned king of britain iii years. jugurth, near unto Cirtha, The year of the world 3852 The year before Christ 111 did put Adherbalt unto flight, slew him, and took Cir●ha by dedition Livius Drusus vanquished and subdued the Scordiscians', a nation risen of the Galls. Antiochus Cyricenus the xix king of Syria, The year of the world 3853 The year before Christ 110 reigned xiiii. years in battle he overcame his brother Gryp●us. Before Britain known 60 and drove him out of his royalme. The wars of jugurth began, which Sallust deraie eloquently hath set forth. With cattle, money and gifts he corrupted the consul, and many of the Romans, for which, when he departed from Rome, he said: O saleable city, which soon would be lost, if thou mightest find a chapman. Before Britain known 59 Aulus, the brother of Albinus the consul, made peace with jugurth to the great dishonour of the Romans. The year of the world 3854 The year before Christ Before Britain known 58 OUinus ruled Britain ii years. Hi●canus utterly subverted Samaria. The year of the world 3855 The year before Christ Syllanus fought unluckily with the Cimbrians. Mettellus overcame jugurth, and took many cities and towns in Numidia. Before Britain known 56 SIlius reigned in Britain ii years. Hircanus died, The year of the world 3857 The year before Christ after whom his son Aristobulus succeeded: who not content with the dignity of his father, took upon him a crown, and was the first king of the jews, after the captivity of Babylon. He incontinent imprisoned his mother and brethren, & slew Antiochus his brother, his mother with hunger perished in prison. After this, the tyrant, his bowels being torn in his body, and vomittinge blood out of his mouth, died, when he had reigned but one year. L Cassius with his army in Savoy was overthrown and slain by the Tigurines. Marius' vanquished jugurth and Bochus king of Mauritane. Bochus delivered jugurth prisoner unto the Romans. janneus, called also Alexander, brother unto Aristobulus, The year of the world 3858 The year before Christ 105 reigned .27. years: Before Britain known 55 very cruelly he put to death his own brother▪ and slew of his people in the space of six years .50000. and destroyed many of his towns. Finally by overmuch ease he fell in to a quartan fever, of which he died: leaving after him two sons. The wars continued against the Cimbrians, Germans, Tigurines, and Ambrones. Aurelius Scaurus was taken by the Cimbrians, and put to death by Bolus their king. BLedgabredus was .20. years king of Britain. He delighted much in music, The year of the world 3859 The year before Christ 104 Before Britain known 54 and gave himself to the study thereof. Marius' triumphed, having jugurth with his children led before his chariot. Servilius Cepio, and C. Manlius, with .80000. Romans were destroyed by the Cimbrians who were so cruel, that they hanged up all such as were taken, and drowned the cattle in Rhodanus, the gold, silver, apparel, and armour being broken in pieces, they hurled a way. So that neither the vanquisshers had any prey, nor the vainquished any mercy. The year of the world 3860 The year before Christ 103 Marius was chosen captain against the Cimbrians, for which he continued in the consulship. Before Britain known 53 The year of the world 3861 The year before Christ 102 Durstus, king of Scots, reigned .9. years. A tyrannous and unfaithful prince, Before Britain known 52 through which dealing his people rebelled and slew him. The year of the world 3862 The year before Christ 101 Marius, in two battles at the water sixty, Before Britain known 51 vanquished the Teutones and Ambrones, slaying above. 20●000 of them, whose wives with no less valiantness than the men, defended themselves, and that with so great fury, that they did cast their children in the faces of the Romans: and after being taken because they might not be in the temples of Venus and Ceres, they hanged themselves. The residue of Cimbrians, with the Teutones, passed the Alps, Before Britain known 50 and wasted italy: The year of the world 3863 The year before Christ 100 against whom Marius and Catulus fought again, and subdued them. In recompense of Marius' nobleness, he was the sixth time made Consul. Metellus was sent in exile to Rhodes. The year of the world 3864 The year before Christ 99 Marius beheaded divers of the nobility in Rome. Before Britain known 49 Metellus, The year of the world 3865 The year before Christ 98 by the consent of all the people was revoked from exile. Before Britain known 48 Ptolomeus, called also Alexander, the ix king of Egypt, Before Britain known 47 reigned ten years, The year of the world 3866 The year before Christ 97 his brother Phiscon being expelled out of his royalme. Philippus, the last king of Syria, reigned ii years. The year of the world 3867 The year before Christ 96 After his reign the kingdom of the Syrians fell into the hands of the Romans. Before Britain known 46 ARchemalus was king of Britain two years. The year of the world The year before Christ 94 Before Britain known 44 Ewyn the first, Durstus brother son, The year of the world 3870 The year before Christ 93 was chosen king of Scots, Before Britain known 43 he builded the castle of Donstafage, and in a battle made on the part of the Picthes against the Britons, he was put to flight, he was the first that caused his subjects to be sworn, and ruled them xix years. ELdolus reigned king of Britain four years. Before Britain known 42 In this time divers prodigies were seen, The year of the world 3871 The year before Christ 92 as globes of fire bursting out of the air with great noise. Among the Aretine's also at a feast, blood distilled out of bread, as out of a wound. It hailed continually stones seven days. In the parts of Samnia, out of a great rift of the earth, issued flames of fire, which seemed to touch the heavens. Than also all kinds of tame beasts left their stables and pastures, and with impiteous roaring and crying fled unto the woods and mountains: yea and dogs, which can not live without 〈◊〉 company of man, wandered about howling, after the manner of wolves Not long after these wonderful tokens thus seen, followed the civil wars between ●●●ius and Sylla: in which perished .150000. citesens .2600. of knights .90. senators, and .15. consuls. Drusus raised the people of Italy against the Romans, promising them the city: but he was slain in the mean time. The year of the world 3872 The year before Christ 91 The social wars of Italy began, Before Britain known 41 in which the Picentes, The year of the world The year before Christ 90 Uestines, Marsians, Pelignians, Marrucines, Before Britain known 40 Samnites & Lucanes, who many years had been under the Romans, fell from them. Q. Servilius was slain in A●eulo, and Servilius, Galba being taken by the Lu●a●es, escaped by the help of a woman. The year of the world The year before Christ 89 Nola was taken by the Samnites, Before Britain known 39 Posthumius the Praetor, with Rutilius the consul, were both slain in battle. Marius' overthrow the Marsians. jul. Cesar vanquished the Samnites, and Cecilius overcame the Saluians. ROdianus was king of Britain ii years. Before Britain known 38 The year of the world 3875 The year before Christ 88 Nicomedes and Ariobarzanes were restored to their roialmes of Bythinia and Cappadocia. Pompeius Strabo brought in subjection the Picentes, Uestines, and Marsians. Sylla overcame the Samnites and subdued the Hirpines'. Cato vanquished the Marsians, and in winning their camp was slain. The year of the world Arethas after Antiochus was king of the lower Syria. Before Britain known 37 The year before Christ 87 Ptolomeus Sother the tenth king of egypt, reigned viii. years. Ariobarzanes, and Nicomedes, were driven out of their realms by Mithridates' king of Pontus. The social wars of Italy, being scarcely pacified, incontinent there began two wars more dangerous and cruel. For when Sylla was elected capitain of the war against Mithridates, who invaded Asia and Achaia: Marius was grievously displeased, that Sylla, a young man, should be preferred before him. Wherefore he brought to pass, by the help of the Tribunes, that Sylla should be called home again, and he to be chosen captain of that war. As soon as Sylla had knowledge thereof, he came with his army before the city, and there slew the ambassador of Marius, and incontinent after brake into the town, where fighting against Marius and Sulpitius, he put Marius to flight, and slew Sulpitius, and so appointing C●. Octavius, and Corn. Curna to be consuls, he departed to Asia. REdargius reigned king of Britain iii years. Sylla vanquished Archelaus took Athens and put Mithridates with his army to flight. Before Britain known 36 The year of the world 3877 The year before Christ 86 Mithridates invaded Asia, and by an open proclamation commanded, all the Romans that were in Asia in one day to be slain, which were above the numbered of lxxx M. Cinna deinge expelled out of the city by Octavius, joined himself with Marius, they entered the city, slew Octavius and many other, outlawed divers of the citizens, and destroyed the house of Sylla, whose friends that remained, fled into Grece to him. Before Britain known 35 Marius, being the seventh time made consul, died in the first month of his consulship, The year of the world 3878 The year before Christ 85 whose son called also Marius continued the civil wars. Before Britain known 34 War was prepared against Silla, he made a league with Mithridates, The year of the world 3879 The year before Christ 84 and committed all his affairs there to Lucullus. Before Britain known 33 SAmulius reigned in Britain ii years. Sylla by the senate was called home, The year of the world 3880 The year before Christ 83 and Cinna was slain of his own army. At this place Suetonius began his history of the Caesar's. Before Britain known 32 Sylla entered Italy, overcame Norbanus. Scipio yielded himself, and Pompeius took part of Sylla. The year of the world 3881 The year before Christ 82 Before Britain known 31 PEnisellus was made king of Britain, who governed it iii years. The year of the world 3882 The year before Christ 81 Sylla fought many battles against Mariusand at the last slew him. Pompeius, when he had slain Carbo, recovered Sicily, subdued afric, and destroyed Domitius and Hiarbas king of Mauritane, he triumphed being but of the age of .24. years. Before Britain known 30 The Goths with their king Sithlacus, wasted the lands of the Germans. The year of the world 3883 The year before Christ 80 Sylla was made continual dictator, who as soon as he entered the city, contrary to his promise caused .3000. men to be slain, he proscribed or put out of his protection many citizens, and exercised great tyranny: to whom Q. Catulus said. With whom shall we live, if in war we kill the armed, and in peace the unarmed. Ptolomeus Dionysius, the xi king of egypt reigned. 3●. years The year of the world 3884 The year before Christ 79 Pyrrhus' ruled Britain ii years. Before Britain known 29 The year of the world 3885 The year before Christ 78 Alexandria, called also Selina, Before Britain known 28 widow of Alexander janneus, governed the jews .9. years. She had by her husband two sons, Hircanus the eldest, whom she made high priest, and Aristobulus, who after her death contended for the dominion of the jews. The Pharaseis, under this Alexandria, governed the common weal of the jews. Sylla gave up and forsook all offices, and lived a private life, he wrote his commentaries, and dedicated them to Lucullus. The year of the world 3886 The year before Christ 77 Sertori●s, a noble and valiant man of Rome, being of the faction of Marius, Before Britain known 27 fled from Sylla into Spain where he was received of the Lusitaines, and made their captain, he made grievous war against the Romans. Sylla died, and was buried in the field of Mars. Lepidus the consul, would have moved a new sedition, but Catulus his fellow prohibited him. CAporus was king in Britain ii years. The year of the world 3887 The year before Christ 76 Servilius subdued Cilicia, Before Britain known 26 and brought the Isaures in subjection. Metellus was sent into Spain, against Sertorius. where fortune was variable between them. Perpenna joined himself with Sertorius. Pompeius was sent into Spain to aid Metellus against Sertorius, The year of the world 3888 The year before Christ 75 where fortune was contrary to him. Before Britain known 25 DInellus, the son of Caporus, a just and virtuous prince, The year of the world 3889 The year before Christ 74 governed this royalme of britain .4. years. Before Britain known 24 Gillus, bastard son of Ewin, after the death of his father took upon him the governance of scotland: but he continued not long, for through his falsehood and cruelty he was driven out of his royalme, and at the last when he had not reigned fully three years, he was slain in Ireland. C. Scribonius overcame the Dardanois, and entered as far as the river Danubie. Nicomedes, king of Bithynia, bequeathed his royalme unto the Romans, which Mithridates invaded, and overcame Cotra the Roman captain Chalcedonia. Before Britain known 23 Lucullus overcame and put to flight Mithridates, The year of the world 3890 The year before Christ 73 both on land and sea. Before Britain known 22 Tigranes, king of Armenia, The year of the world 3891 The year before Christ 72 took Ptolomais in egypt Mithridates entered in league with Seriorius. Certain sword players, which taught in Capua, went from their school, and gathered a great numbered of companions, who with murder, ravishments, rapines, and bourninge filled all Italy. Ewin, the ii Nepheu to king Finnane, The year of the world 3892 The year before Christ 71 was chosen king of Scots: Before Britain known 21 he reigned .17. years, & than resigned his regal power unto Edeir the .3. Nepheu of Durstus The wars of Macedon began, in which M. Lucullus triumphed. Lentulus and Gellius consuls were sent against the sword players and fugitives, of whom they were overthrown. Wherefore that war was committed to the charge of Crassus, who quickly vainquished them. Sertorius was traitorously slain in Spain by Perpenna. Before Britain known 20 HElius the son of Danellus, The year before Christ 70 reigned not full one year king of Britain. The year of the world 3893 Of this prince the Isle of Ely took the name. ¶ Crassus vanquished the sword players. Pompeius overthrew Perpenna, and brought the Spaniards in subjection. Before Britain known 19 Lord, the son of Hely, succeeded his father, The year of the world 3894 The year before Christ 99 and reigned xi years in Britain. As soon as he was made king, he reformed the state of his common weal, for he amended his laws, and took away all usages that were nought. Moreover he repaired the city of London, them called Troynovant, with fair buildings and walls, and builded on the west part thereof, a strong gate which unto this time retaineth the name of him▪ and is called Ludgate. Finally he died, leaving after him two sons. Androgeus, and Theomantius, who being not of age to govern, their uncle Cassivelane obtained the crown. Our chroniclers write, that London took the name of this Lud. Hircanus' the .8. king of the jews reigned one year, between him and his brother Aristobulus began civil wars. M. Lucullus subdued Macedony, & ●. Lucullus Armeny. The year of the world 3895 The year before Christ 68 Aristobulus the .9. king of jews, reigned .6. years. Before Britain known 18 He overcame his brother Hircanus at Hierico, where an agreement was made, that Aristobulus should reign as king, and the other to lead a private life. Lucullus vanquished Tygranes, and put him to flight Lachares king of Bosphorus, one of the sons of Mithridates, was received in amity with Lucullus. Cn. Pompeius in .40. days scoured the Mediterrane seas from Pirates. The year before Christ 67 The wars of Candy began, Before Britain known 17 which Island Metellus in three years subdued. The year of the world 3896 Libya, by the bequest of Appie king thereof, came to the hands of the Romans. Cn. Pompeius was assigned general capitain against Mithridates. The year of the world 3897 The year before Christ 66 Before Britain known 16 Hircanus by the counsel of Antipater fled unto Aretha king of Araby and then denounced war against Aristobulus. The year of the world 3898 The year before Christ 65 Before Britain known 15 Pompeius, by his captain Afranius, Before Britain known 13 overthrow the Arabians. The year of the world 3900 The year before Christ 63 Hircanus was again king of the jews, Before Britain known 12 and reigned xxiii. years. The year of the world 3901 The year before Christ 62 Pompeius vanquished Aristobulus, took Jerusalem spoiled the temple, entered into the holy sanctuary, made the jews tributary, and gave the office of high priest unto Hyrcanus. Scaurus, presidente of the lower Syria, made peace with Aretha king of Arabia. Pompeius' received Tigranes king of Armeny under his subjection, and in battle overcame the Iberians and Albans. Pharnaces, the son of Mithridates made war upon his father, and besieged him in a castle, who being destitute of all help, nor finding any mercy in his son, first poisoned his wife, concubines and daughters, and then himself. Thus ended Mithridates his life, a prince of great wisdom and marvelous industry, which perfectly could speak xxii languages, he lived .72. years, reigned xl and kept war xxx years continually against the Romans, having always in his company philosophers, and cunning men. ☞ Marcus Tullius Cicero, was consul of Rome, with C. Antonius, whose divine eloquence, abundant learning sharpness of wit: dexterity in acts, and most ardent love toward the common weal of his country can not be sufficiently expressed by no mortal man's tongue or pen. His ancestors were named Cicerones because that Tullius Appius a noble king of Uolscis, and one of that progeny, had on his nose a mark like a chich which is a kind of pulse called Cicer. He so profited in the eloquence of Greek and Latin, that not only his companions were in a marvelous admiration of him but also Appolonius, the most excellent orator at that time, in hearing him, was greatly abashed, and keeping silence a long space, said at the last: Truly, Cicero I praise thee, and marvel at thee, but I lament greatly the fortune of Grece, when I consider, that not only nobleness in deeds of arms and martial affairs, is taken from us by the valiantness and puissance of the Romans, but also that the great praise and glory of learning, which was only left unto us is now by the translated to Rome Which saying was founden afterward very true, for look what subtility is in Logic, what commodity and secret knowledge in philosophy moral and natural: he knew and declared the same in latin in most perfect eloquence. And (which is to be wondered) atnotwithstanding, that he being a very young man, came to practise in Rome, and had studied abundantly the civil laws, and was marvelously occupied in great and weighty causes, and after that he was senator, was continually (as it seemed) most busy about the weal public, yet he that doth read his works (although we have not the third part of them, which he wrote) shall think, that he never did any other thing but read great auctors, and wrote books. And yet did he exploit by his wisdom and diligence many great enterprises, for the commodity and safeguard of his country, as well in war as in peace. For the which the Senate and people gave to him first before any other, the name of Father of his country. ¶ Catiline enterprised his conspiracy, which by the great wisdom and diligence of Cicero was suppressed and Catiline slain in battle by Antonius, who list to read the history at length, let him resort to a book entitled the conspiracy of Catiline, translated into english by Thomas Paynell, where it is abundantly and elaquently set forth. The year of the world 3902 The year before Christ 61 Pompeie, after he had subdued Armenia, Before Britain known 11 Cappadocia Paphlagonia, Media, Cholcis, Iberia, Albania, Syria, Cilicia. Mesopotamia, judea, and Arabia, triumphed, when he had twice before triumphed for winning of Spain and Africa. At this time he brought into the common treasure of gold and silver, in money & plate xx. thousand talentes, which (if they were common talents (amounted to twenty hundred thousand pounds, if they were the great talents .27. hundred, and .26. thousand .641. pounds. 1●. s. 4. d. besides that was given to the soldiers which had served in his wars, whereof may be gathered, the wondered riches of the Romans. Cassivelan, the son of Heli, Before Britain known 8 as our vulgar historiographers write, The year of the world 3905 The year before Christ 58 after the death of his brother Lud was made governor of britain: which he ruled nineteen. years. In the .8. year of his reign julius Cesar, who warred long time in France, made the first voyage of any stranger into this realm, & after subdued it: where unto this time it remained unknown to the Romans. ¶ France was appointed to Cesar for his province: whither he was sent with ten legions: there to remain for .v. years, he in nine years reduced into the form of a province all that part, which is included within the mountains Pyrenes, Alps, and Ge●enna, and the rivers of Rind and Rhone, and the ocean sea, he warred also upon the Germans on the other side of Rind, and overcame the Britain's. In all his wars fortune was but thrice contrary to him, for in Britain by force of the tempest his navy was destroyed, in France a legion was vanquished at Gergonia, and in the costs of Germany his ambassadors were slain. Before Britain known 7 Ptolomeus, king of Egypt driven out of his realm, came to Rome. The year of the world 3906 The year before Christ 57 Cato being compelled, took Cipers for his province and subdued it. Clodius' protector of the commonalty, appointed a day to Cicero to be exiled. Before Britain known 6 Alexander the son of Aristobulus, The year of the world 3907 escaped from the Romans, and invaded jury: The year before Christ 56 but by Gabinius he was vanquished and taken. Cicero in the xvi month of his exile, by the consent of all the people was called home with great honour. Before Britain known 5 Gabinius, by the persuasion of Antonius, The year of the world 3908 The year before Christ 55 restored Ptolemy to his realm. Before Britain known 4 Edeix, after the death of Ewin, The year of the world 3909 The year before Christ 54 took on him the governance of scotland, and ruled it. ●8. years. In the time of his reign Britain was subdued to the Romans, and scotland also troubled with sundry seditions. M. Crassus, in his voyage toward Parthia, entered Jerusalem, and spoiled the temple of all the treasure, which Pompeius left untouched. And then passing the river Euphrates, fight with the Parthians, was slain with all his army. Before Britain known 3 A fire chanced in Rome, by which .14. streets were bourned. The year of the world 3910 The year before Christ 53 Before Britain known 2 Clodius was slain by Milo, who moved a sedition in Rome. The year of the world 3911 The year before Christ 52 ¶ The preface of Thomas Lanquet to the second part of the histories of England. I Have hitherto briefli run over the lives of .72. kings, which reigned here in Britain from the arrival of Brute unto the coming of Cesar: the history whereof (as I said before) is very uncertain & obscure. Yet nevertheless I have not varied from the vulgar opinion thereof, but have brought the same in to a more certain order, conferring them with the other histories and gests of the world, whereby they have a better appearance of truth. But now, that I am come to this time, in which the Britons began to be known to the Romans, and other nations of the world, having also the help of credible historiens, which before I lacked, I shall the more veritably and in better order set forth our histories. And for the better declaration of this chronicle, you shall understand, that the numbers set in the inner side of the page, signify the years of the reigns of the kings of Britain, whereby may be perceived in what year of the reign of a king, any notable thing in the world was done. As for the history of Cesar I have gathered it out of his commentaries, and out of the worshipful Beda whom I think more credible than our new historiens. VUhen C. jullus Cesar had warred seven years in France and Germany, The year before Christ 52 Anni regum britanny 7 coming unto that part where Calais and Bolayne now stand, The year of the world 3911 he determined to make war into Britain: which until that time remained unfrequented and unknown of the Romans. His quarrel was, because that in the wars of France, he perceived the Frenchmen to have much succour and aid from thence. Wherefore preparing lxxx ships he sailed into Britain. Where at the first being wearied with an hard and sharp battle, and after with sudden tempest his navy almost destroyed, he returned again into France, there to winter his men. The next springe, The year of the world 3912 The year before Christ 51 his navy being new rigged and increased, Anni regum britanny 8 he passed the seas again with a greater army: but whiles he went toward his enemies on land, his ships lying at anchor, were again by tempest almost lost, for either they were driven on the sides, where they stack fast or else being driven one upon an other were destroyed so that xl perished, the other with much labour were saved. Upon land also his horsemen ot the first encounter were vanquished, and Labienus the tribune slain. At the second conflict, not without great danger of his men, he put the britons to flight, and poursued them to the river Thamis: on the further side whereof Cassivelan with a great multitude of people was keeping the banks, but they not able to resist the violence and force of the Romans, hide themselves in woods, & with sudden eruptions oftentimes invaded them. But in the mean time their strongest city Troynovamt▪ submitted itself to Cesar, delivering unto him hostages: which example also the other cities followed. Whereby Cassivelan after many losses, was constrained to give pledges, and to agree that Britain should be tributary to the people of Rome Then Cesar, like a conqueror with great numbered of prisoners, sailed into France. Thus ended the wars which he made in Britain, whereby he rather opened o way for his successors to come to the same, than that he delivered to them the dominion thereof. This conquest was made .2255. years after the universal flood .1057. after the arrival of Brute .702. after the building of Rome, in the second year of the .182. olympiad, the .1116. year before the conquest made by Willan of Normandy. and .1595. years before this present year of our lord .1547 Cassius precedent of Syria, drove the Parthians from thence. Cleopatra, queen of Egipte, reigned xxii years. The year before Christ 49 She was the last of the house of Lagus, Anni regum britanny 12 The year of the world 3914 and by the Alexandrines was chosen queen, albeit she had a younger brother whom Pompeius received into his tuition, and by him was driven out of her royalme: yet Cesar restored her again to her realm, and used her company familiarly and after Caesar's death. Antonius' wedded her, who warred against Augustus: of whom he was overthrown for sorrow whereof, she closed herself in a tomb being on live, and having two adders sucking on her breasts, so died. She was a woman excelling in plesauntnes quickens of wit, and sumptuous riot, in so much that at one (banquet contending with Antonius in excess of fare,) she drank aperle resolved in vinegar, which was esteemed at .100. Sestertium, which after Budei amounteth to the value of 250000. crowns, of our money to fifty thousand pounds. The civil wars between Pompeius and Cesar began, in which ccc M. men perished. Cesar in his his absence required the second time to be consul. Marcellus the consul withstood it, and the senate also decreed, that Cesar should not enter the city, without he dismissed his army. For which cause Cesar being displeased, came from Ravenia, passing over Rubicon, to Ariminium. In the mean while Pompeius, with the consuls, fled to Dyrra●hiū in Grece, and Cesar entered Rome, spoiled the tresoury, and besieged Marsiles. Aristobulus, being delivered by Cesar, went into judea, where he was poisoned, and Alexander his son put to death by Scipio. The year of the world 1916 The year before Christ 47 Cesar in Corfinio, Before Britain known 12 by submission received the army of Domitius, and suffered him to go freely away. In Spain he vanquished Petreius & Afranius he returned to Marsiles, and took the town. From thence he went to Dyrrachium, where he was overcome and put to flight by Pompeius, and .2400. of his men slain. And Thessaly they met in the fields Pharsalia, where a cruel and doubtful battle was fought: but at length Pompey was put to flight, and lost .15000. of his soldiers. ¶ Pompeius, slaying to Alexandria in Egypt was slain by the tutors of the young Ptolemy, The year of the world 1917 The year before Christ 46 Before Britain known 13 and his head sent unto Caesar. Who seeing it, wept. Thus ended the noble Pompey his life, who for his sundry and incomparable victories, was surnamed the great; he was endued with many noble and princely virtues both of body & mind he had so good a grace in his visage, that from his child hood he moved the people of Rome most entirely to favour him, and also for his singular benevolence, continence of living, martial experience, pleasantness of speech, fidelity of manners, and easiness in speaking to, was marvelously esteemed, he never required any thing with out shamefastness, or granted any thing but with a glad countenance. In his visage appeared always both nobility and gentleness, so that when he was in his flourisshing youth, there shined in him manners both princely and reverent. When he was sent into Sicily by Sil●a perceiving that the soldiers, which were under his guiding, scattered and rob the countries as he went he commanded every one of their sword to be signed with the seal of his ring, that they should do no wrong to any man by the way, wherein he declared himself to be not only a valiant, but also a just and righteous captain. Cesar entered Alexandria, and being provoked to battle, he vanquished them, and set on fire the navy of the Egipcians, the flame whereof invaded the library of Philadelphus, wherein were burned .40000. books. The king rebelling again, was slain with all his army, and Cleopatra his sister, restored to the royalme. Then went he into Pontus against Pharnaces, the son of Mithridates, whom at the first encounter he overthrow C. julius Cesar, The year before Christ 45 of whom the Roman princes were called Cesares, Anni regum britanny 14 The year of the world 3918 was the first among the Romans that took on him the name of emperor, & reigned not fully three years, he brought the monarchy of the world under the Romans. In this year he warred against the Pompeians in afric, and vanquished them at Tapsus, where he took their camp, and .60. elephants. Cato for grief and sorrow of heart that he had, that his country should by Cesar be brought in servage and thraldom, slew himself in U●ica. juba, the king of Mauritane: hired one to rid him of his life. Petr●ius and Scipio killed themselves. And Cesar commanded the Neph●eus of the great Pompey, and his daughter Pompeia, to be put to death. Cesar entered Rome with four triumphs, The year of the world The year before Christ 44 and was created the fourth time consul, Anni regum britanny 15 and continual dictator, taking on him to be monarch of the whole empire, which things brought to pass, he prepared to make war against the sons of Pompey, in Spain, where fortune was divers between them. And in the last battle which was at Munda, a town in Spain, they fought so sore and hard together, and such slaughter was made that the old and assured soldiers of Cesar were not ashamed to give back, whereby Cesar despairinge to win that field, would have killed himself, lest after the renown of so many conquests and victories, he should have fallen in the power of those young men, whose father he had vanquished. But finally, succouring his men, the army of the Pompey's was put to flight, the one of the brethren being slain, the other fleeing away. After which battle, Cesar finished those civil wars, which during the space of .v. years, troubled the whole world. Antipater by Cesar was constituted procurator of judea Cesar returned to Rome, he reform the state of the common weal, amended the calendar, reducing the order of the year, to the course of the son, found out the cause of the leap year, and in his honour and memory, the people attributed to him the month Quintilis, which after his name was called julius. But he continued not passing .v. months in rest, for waringe insolent against the senators, and taking their liberty from them, there conspired against him to the numbered of .260. senators and gentlemen, among whom Brutus and Cassius were chief, Which in the Ideses of March, when Cesar came into the senate house, with xxiii wounds, he was slain among the senators. Thus Cesar lost all that which with the blood of lx M. citizens, and .1192000. his enemies, he had gotten. And as he had filled all the world with his civil blood: likewise now he filled the senate with his own blood. After this sort Cesar finished his life, a man in featnes of war excelling all other, he wrote no man swifter, and red no man faster, at one time he could indite four letters at one's, he was furthermore of such clemency, that those whom he had subdued by war, with his great gentleness, won them to be his very friends. About this time there was seen in the element, three sons in one circle. And in the suburbs of Rome an ox spoke unto his ploughman: that in vain he drove him, for shortly not all only corn, but also men should fail. Dolabella was substituted in the place of Cesar, his soldiers at Smyrna killed Trebonius, one of the murderers of Cesar. Antipater reedefied the walls of Jerusalem, he ordained Herode precedent of Galilee. The year before Christ 42 THeomantius, the son of Lud, and nephew to Cassivelan, The year of the world succeeded in the royalme of Britain, and reigned quietly xxiii years. C. Cesar Octavianus Augustus, the second emperor of Rome, reigned in all lvi years, that is to say, twelve with Antonius and Lepidus, and xliiii alone. As soon as he heard of the death of his uncle julius, he hasted from Appolonia to Rome to possess his inheritance, and to revenge the death of Cesar, here the civil wars were again renewed, for the senate favoured the killers of Cesar, but Antonius would have suppressed them with civil war, for which cause he was judged by the senate to be an enemy to Rome, and the consuls, Hircius and Pansa, with Octavianus, were sent against him: by whom he was vanquished, but the consuls were slain. Than Antonius fled unto Lepidus, master of the horsemen, by whose means he was reconciled to Octavianus, and they three jointly took upon them the governance the public weal. Malichus poisoned Antipater, precedent of judea. ¶ A great numbered of the nobility in Rome were outlawed by these three men: Anni regum britanny 2 among whom also M. Cicero, The year of the world 3922 The year before Christ 41 the eloquent orator was one, who, for so much as he had driven Antonius out of Rome, and by his sharp orations caused him to be proclaimed enemy to the weal public, made the said Antony so much his foe, that in the treaty of peace between him and Octavius, he demanded Cicero, to do with him at his pleasure▪ which was granted of the unkind Octavius, whom Cicero had brought up, and caused to be made the chief governor of the Romans. Wherefore Antonius sent one Herennius (whom Cicero had saved from death by his eloquence) to slay him, who pursued him as he fled out of the city: which thing Cicero perceiving, abode his coming, lying in a horse litter for weakness, and prepared his throt to Herennius, who struck of his head, and his right hand and brought them to Antony: who caused them to be set over the place of civil judgements in Rome. Cesar and Antonius, committing the charge of the city to Lepidus, went with their power against Brutus and Cassius: who had taken Laodicea, pursued Dolabella to death, vexed the Tharsenses, took and spoiled Rhodes, but in Philippo, by Cesar and Antonius, they were vanquished, and slew themselves. After which battle they divided the empire between them, Cesar taking for his part Spain, France and Italy, and Antonius all the orient. Pacho●us, king of Parthia, indicted war against the jews: The year of the world 3923 The year before Christ 40 Antigonus, by his aid, was constituted king, Anni regum britanny 3 and took Phaselus and Hircanus. Phaselus sought his own death, with knocking his head against the stones, his hands being not at liberty: and Hircanus, ears were cut of by Antigonus. L. Antonius, brother to M. Antonius, moved a new sedition in Italy against Cesar, but at Peru●●a he was vanquished, and by the entreatee of the senate, was reconciled to him. Cleopatra poisoned her brother, caused her sister Arsino's to be slain in the temple at Ephesus, and than went to Antonius in Cilicia, whom she followed. Antigonus the xi king of jews, reigned .3. years, he was the last of the jews, The year of the world 3924 The year before Christ 39 that was king over them. Anni regum britanny 4 In this year Herode, by the senate of Rome, was also appointed to be king of the jews. Uentidius vanquished the Parthians, Before Britain known 5 and drove them out of Syria: The year of the world 3925 The year before Christ 38 he slew Orodes the king's son the same day, that he before had slain Crassus. Sex Pompeius, the son of great Pompey, Anni regum britanny 6 raised war in Sicily, The year of the world 326 The year before Christ 37 Cesar and Antonius went against him: but finally a peace was made between them. Herodes the xii king of jews, and first of any stranger, The year of the world 3927 The year before Christ 36 reigned .37. years he besieged Jerusalem, Anni regum britanny 7 and took it by the help of Sosius presidente of Syria. Antigonus was taken and sent unto Antonius, who put him to de●●. Ananelus was constituted high priest by Herode, and straight deprived. The year of the world 3928 The year before Christ 35 Hircanus being delivered out of prison, Anni regum britanny 8 came to Jerusalem to Herode. The year of the world 3929 The year before Christ 34 Herode slew Aristobulus the high priest, Anni regum britanny 9 and restored Ananelus again to that office. Pompeius' brake the peace made with Cesar: Anni regum britanny 10 he was driven out of Sicily, The year of the world 3930 The year before Christ 33 and fleeing towards Asia, was slain. Hitherto extendeth the history of Appianus of the civil wars of Rome. Antonius by reason took Arrabanes king of Armeny, whom he bound in silver chains, to make him to confess, Anni regum britanny 11 where his treasure lay: which when he had got, The year of the world 3931 The year before Christ 32 was therewith elated, and moved war against Octavianus, and put away his wife Octavia, the sister of Octavian, and married Cleopatra, the queen of Egypt. Octavianus Cesar subdued the japides, Dalmacians, and Hungarians. Anni regum britanny 12 About this time, on the further side of Tiber: in a common tavern, The year of the world 3932 The year before Christ 31 there sprang forth a fountain of oil out of the ground, which for the space of a day ran abundantly abroad, Anni regum britanny 13 The wars between Cesar and Antony began, in which Antony was overcome and put to flight. The year of the world 3933 The year before Christ 30 They met again at Pharus upon the sea, where between them was fought a cruel and doubtful battle, Anni regum britanny 14 The year of the world 3934 The year before Christ 29 till Cleopatra, with xl ships fled, after whom followed Antony: whereby his men were discomfit, and he for sorrow, thrust himself through with a sword, and half alive was brought to the tomb, which Cleopatra made for herself. Cleopatra, perceiving that she was kept for the triumph of Cesar, escaped from her keepers to the tomb, where Antony lay, and there arrayed in gorgeous apparel, setting to her breasts two adders, died in that manner. Cesar in the remembrance of his victory, builded the city Nicopolis at Accium. An earthquake in jury, whereby xxx M. people perished, Herode toke part with Cesar, and discomfited the Arabikes. jesus, the son of Sabetes, was high priest of the jues. ¶ Here ended the kingdom of the egyptians, which after this time, was governed by a president of the Romans. Anni regum britanny 15 Cesar returned from the orient, The year of the world and entered Rome with three triumphs, and in token of peace, The year before Christ 82 shut up the temple of janus, which in .200. years before was never shut. In his honour, by the consent of the senate and people, the name of Augustus was given to him, & the month Sextilis, in the remembrance of his birth and victories was called August. Herode put to death his wife Mariamnes, Anni regum britanny 16 and other his near friends. The year of the world 3936 The year before Christ 27 Corn. Gallus precedent of Egypt. Cesar opened the temple of janus, and made war against the Cantabrians and Asturians, two mischievous people of Spain, whom he vainquished. Thither came unto him the ambassadors of India and Scythia, desiring the amity of the Romans. M. Crassus subdued the Thracians, and Corn, Gallus, Anni regum britanny 18 precedent of Egypt, The year of the world 3938 The year before Christ 25 killed himself: in whose room succeeded Sempronius. The year before Christ 23 All Spain by Cesar was subdued, Anni regum britanny 20 and the temple of janus shut, The year of the world 3940 but it was opened again through the commotions of the Germans and other nations. Herode deposed jesus the high priest, and constituted Simon, whose daughter he married. In this time Grece by Tiberius & Drusus was subdued. The year of the world 3941 The year before Christ 22 Drusus, the son in law of Augustus, Anni regum britanny 21 brought in subjection the Germans, with other people bordering about them. Cossus in Afric overcome the Mosulanes, and Getulanes, and Piso subdued the Uindelicos. Peace was made with the Parthians, who restored to the Romans their banners taken from Crassus and Antonius, Cesar added to the dominion of Herode, Samaria, Gaza, and divers other regions. Uergil and Horace, most famous poets, in this time flourished. The year before Christ 20 Cesar sailed into Syria, he granted to Herode the province Auramitides, The year of the world 3943 Anni regum britanny 23 and wrote him among the numbered of his friends. CYmbelinus, the son of Theomantius, reigned king of britain xxxv years. The year of the world 3944 The year before Christ 19 Anni regum britanny 1 Of him there is no no table thing written, but that in his reign our saviour jesus Christ, the very light of the world was borne of the virgin Mary. Herode pulled clean down the temple, builded by zorobabel and Es●a, after the captivity of Babylon, and with most sumptuous building re-edified an other, according to the figure of salomon's. Ewin the third son of Edeir, succeeded his father in the royalme of Scotland, Anni regum britanny 3 & reigned .7. years. The year of the world 3946 The year before Christ 17 A prince given all to vice & lechery, for being not content (as they writ) with a 100 concubines, with whom he might fulfil his lust, but he made laws, that it should be lawful for his subjects: to have as many wives as they might keep, that the wives of the commons should be common to the nobles, and that the lord should have the maiden head of all virgins dwelling in his lordship: which last law endured until the time of Malcolm Cammorre and from thence until this time they pay a fine for the redemption of their maidenhead. When he had thus continued .7. years, in exercising his tyranny and filthy lust, he fell in hatred of his lords, and by them was deposed and slain in prison. Anni regum britanny 5 The most blessed and pure virgin saint Mary, The year of the world 3948 The year before Christ 15 mother of our saviour jesus Christ, was borne of the holy matron saint Anna. Anni regum britanny 8 Herode finished the temple, The year of the world 3951 The year before Christ 12 & the people with great joy did celebrate a feast Herode gave wives unto his sons, The year of the world 3952 The year before Christ 11 for he married Aristobulus unto Beronices, Anni regum britanny 9 the daughter of his sister Salome, and Alexander to Glafira, the daughter of Archelaus king of Cappadocia. Anni regum britanny 10 Metellane nepheu to Edeir, The year of the world 3953 The year before Christ 10 was chosen king of Scots a virtuous and quiet prince, who peaciblye reigned 39 years. M. Agrippa subdued Bosphorus, in which expedition Herode was. Anni regum britanny 11 A domestical sedition began in the house of Herode. The year of the world 3954 The year before Christ 9 for Salome his sister accused Aristobulus and Alexander of Parricide, for which cause their father cast them in prison. About this time Herode presumed, to open the tomb of David, trusting to have there some great treasure: but when he had found a precious vessel, and would have entered further, a fire issued out of the dark. and destroyed two of his men, whereby he was let from his purpose. War between Herode and the Arabians, in which Herode was victor. Herode caused his sons Aristobulus and Alexander, to be hanged. The year of the world 3956 The year before Christ 7 Anni regum britanny 13 The year of the world 3599 The year before Christ 4 There flourished at this time in Rome many learned men as Virgil, Horace, ovid, Saluste, Livius, Anni regum britanny 16 Hortensius, Antenodorus, with many other. The year of the world 3961 The year before Christ 2 Cesar the third time closed the temple of janus: Anni regum britanny 18 universal peace was throughout the whole world, he established his public weal with good laws. Cyreneus presidente of Syria, Anni regum britanny 19 did first describe and numbered the people of judea. The year of the world 3962 The year before Christ 1 ¶ The preface of. Tho. Languet to the third part of his chronicle. IN my former books I have declared those things (according to my power) which have chanced during the time that the laws of nature and Moses were in their force, taking my beginning from the creation of the first man Adam. And continuing the same through the thick mists and darkness of the old words I am now at length come unto the birth of the new man, our saviour jesus Christ, where I purpose with the Legales, ceremonies, shadows and errors of the ancient time to finish those parts, and now with the bright beams of that everlasting son, whose rising hath lightened all the world, to begin this my last book. When Cesar Augustus by the will of god had stablished most sure peace through the world, our redeemer jesus Christ very god and man, upon whom peace waited, was horn in the xiii year of the reign of Augustus after the viversall flood. 23●5. years from the birth of Abraham. 2●12. years. After the departure of the Israelites out of Egipte, 1509. years. From the arrival of Brute in England. 11●7. years. After the building of the temple by Solomon .1029. years: from the building of Rome, 752. years. After the captivity of Babylon 614. years, and in the last year of the .194. Olympyade. But here is to be noted, that the first year of our Lord hath but .7. days, after some computation, for he was borne the .25. of Decembre, and the first of janiver following, began the second year. JESUS of Nazareth king of jews, and only head of chrystyanes, Anni regum britanny 19 The year of the world 3962 The year of Christ 1 with the father and the holy ghost, one eternal god, and almighty Lord of all things begotten by his father god in everlastingness, and in the fullness of time taking flesh of the pure virgin marry, by the work of the holy ghost, and being very god and man, according to the holy oracles of the prophets, to redeem with his blood the stra●ing sheep and lost groat, was borne in Bethlehem a city of juda: where incontinent, by the glorification of the angels, the agnition of the shepherds, the veneration of the wise men, the prophecy of the holy Simeon, and the admiration of the doctors, he was had in honour. And then from the .12. year of his life, and in age, wisdom, and favour, both with god and man, increased: he was in the .15. year of Tiberius' reign baptized in jordane by john, to the example of his, and so executed all things, subduing his flesh with fasting, the devil with prayer and the world with humility. At which time the weeks of Daniel being fulfilled, he taught every where most constantly even to the cross, partly with his mighty word, and partly with his effectual works the kingdom of god, that is the true knowledge of god the father, and his exceeding charity towards mankind, with the sure confidence in him: the son of god: declaring also the way of health, and the mutual love with the rewards of the faithful, & punishments of the unfaithful. Thenfor the confirmation of his doctrine and faith, even with a little beck, he commanded calmness to the elements, health to all diseases, life unto the dead, obedience unto the quick, detection unto thoughts, abolition unto sins, and flight unto the devil. For all this, after all the passions and labours of man's misery, which he suffered (sin only except) whereby he witnessed him self to be a very man, and after the innumerable documents and beneficial deeds (passing man's power) openly showed unto his unkind people the jews, by which he declared himself to be true god, as it was before written in the prophets: he was by the elders of the jews, and people (his disciple judas Scarioth betraying him) taken, accused, indited, scorned, scourged, crowned with thorns, crucified between thieves, and even than all things fulfilled, with the quaking of the earth, and darkness of the son, he died. After which being buried, he loosed hell, and the third day following, like a conqueror of sin death, and hell, he rose again, from which time being xl days conversant with his, in the xxxiii. year of his life, with glorious triumph he ascended to the heavens unto his father, from whence he came. Where being the only▪ mediator, intercessor, and advocate of his, sitting on the right hand of god, his father, shall in the end of the world, be judge over all the living and the dead, rendringe to every man, according to his deserving, to the faithful certainly life, but to the unfaithful everlasting death. Than good and evil segregated, with the whole world purged and pacified, our lord jesus Christ, the only and very almighty emperor of the world, as he hath from the beginning, so doth he now, and for ever shall reign: to whom every knee of celestial, terrestrial, and infernal creatures shall bow, and every tongue shall confess, that jesus christ is the lord, to the glory of God the father: to whom be all glory world without end. Amen. The year of Christ 2 ¶ Eusebius Cesarensis began his ecclesiastical history at this place. The year of the world 399 Anni regum britanny 20 Christ in the eight day of his nativity was circumcised, on the xiii worshipped of the wise men. The second of February he was presented in the temple, and the night following, joseph being warned by an angel, fled with jesus and his mother into Egipte, from the danger of Herode: who coveting to destroy Christ, commanded all the children within Bethlem and the borders, being under the age of two years, to be slain, which slaughter done, he would have killed himself, but being let by his seruaunnt, he died within five days, when he had reigned .37. years. Archelaus the .13. king of jews, reigned ix years, and finally was banished into France. In the first year of his reign a sedition was moved against him, Anni regum britanny 21 The year of the world 3964 The year of Christ 3 in which .3000. were put to death. Anni regum britanny 23 ¶ another sedition began, first by judas Galileus, and after by Simon the servant of Herode, The year of the world 3966 The year of Christ 5 who taking upon him a crown, was vanquished and slain by Gratus. The last was raised by Athonges a shepherd: For which there were hanged by Uarus .2000. men. Anni regum britanny 26 A great famine invaded Rome, The year of the world 3969 so that Augustus expelled all strangers out of the city, The year of Christ and a great number of servants. The cause Orosus doth ascribe, that Cesar praised his nephieu Caius, in despising to worship the god of heaven, when he was thereto warned by the priests at Jerusalem, at what time he passed into Syria. Anni regum britanny 27 Tiberius in .3. year subdued all Illyria, The year of the world 3970 which lieth with in Italy, Noricum, Thrace, Macedony, The year of Christ 9 the river of Donow, and the Adriaticall sea. This war next unto the wars of Carthage, was most grievous. Anni regum britanny Quintilianus Uarus, with three legions, The year of the world 3972 The year of Christ 11 was slain by the Germans, whose overthrow was as grievous to the Romans, as was the voyage of the Cimbrians into Italy. Archelaus took the wife Glafira, his brother Alexander's widow, contrary to the law. And after through his insolency, he was by Augustus vanished to Uienna in France. Anni regum britanny 30 Here ended the kingdom of the jews, The year of the world 3973 The year of Christ 12 and jury after this time was redacted into the form of a province, and joined to Syria. judas Gaulonites, associating to him Sadducus a Pharisei, and the chief of the sect of the Esseans, moved a sedition for paying of tribute: whereupon ensued much theft▪ slaughter, and burning of the temple. Tiberius, with an army passed the Ryne, to war upon the Germans. Anni regum britanny 31 jesus Christ our lord, being but xii years of age, The year of Christ 13 and three months, was found at the feast of Easter, The year of the world 3974 disputing with the doctors in the temple: and was brought home by his parents to Nazareth▪ what other thing he did unto the xxx year of his life, the Evangelists make no mention. Augustus & Tiberius, mustering the people of Rome, found .9370000. men. ¶ Germany being subdued, Anni regum britanny 32 Tiberius triumphed over the Illyrians. The year of the world 3975 The year of Christ 14 ¶ Augustus Cesar finished his life at Nol●, Anni regum britanny 33 and was buried at Rome in the field Martius, The year of the world 3976 The year of Christ 15 whose death the senate so lamented, that they said: that they would either he had not been born, or else being born, that he had not died. Tiberius' privily caused Agrippa to be slain. The year of the world 3977 ¶ Claudius Tiberius Nero Cesar, Anni regum britanny 34 the iii emperor of Rome, The year of Christ 16 son both by marriage and adoption to Augustus, reigned .23. years, he was meetly politic and fortunate in war, well learned, and endued with much eloquence: but with a very mischievous, cruel, covetous and deceitful wit, feygning, to do that thing which he would not, and not to do that, which he would. In sudden answers he was better, than in those which he studied for. At the first he feigned, that unwillingly he took upon him the grievous and troublous charge of the empire. And whereas certain of his counsel moved him to levy exactions of the people, he answered: that it was the office of a good shepherd to shear his sheep, and not to pill them. It is written, that he put to death a smith, who had invented to make a glass flexible, laying to his charge, that if he should live and teach other, that gold and silver should nothing be esteemed. He suppressed the Getulians', and craftily circumvented Marobodus the king of the suevians, he poisoned also Drusus and Germanicus the sons of his brother Drusus. ¶ The printer. ¶ Hitherto the said young man Thomas Lanquet continued this history called the Epitome of Chronicles, & was than attached with a grievous sickness, whereof he died▪ when he was of age xxiiii years: on whose soul god have mercy, and the same followed and finished, by Thomas Couper, who after instant request to him made, was at length content, to take upon him the pain, for he well considered, what labour and travail it was, according to the first invention, to search and read over so many and divers histories and chronicles, to accomplish the said purpose. ¶ An epistle to the reader. FRom the beginning of the world, to this time of the birth of our saviour Christ, the studious young man Thomas Lanquet, not without great labour and diligence, brought his Chronicle. Whose enterprise, and the honest affection, that he therein declared toward his country, I think worthy memory. For if he might have gone through as he begun, and well brought forward the same: undoubtedly it would greatly have delighted them that take pleasure to read the notable and famous things done long before our time. For he hath briefly set forth the gests and acts of foreign and strange countries, and therewith ivigned the history of this realm of England, after the opinion of most writers, even from the first arriving of Brutus, in such wise, that a diligent reader may gather, the variable state and condition of all countries and nations at all times. But death (which spareth no man, ne can be eschewed) broke his course, and (as it were) trypped him in the mids of his race, that he could not attain to the mark, whereat he ran. Wherefore, lest they that desire the profitable knowledge of histories, should be destituted of so great a commodity: and lest the fruits of so diligent a labour should lie hid, and turn to the profit of no man: At the instance of certain of my nighest friends, whose requests (the matter so standing) I could not well deny: I have taken upon me to finish this chronicle, although in deed. I greatly despaired, that I should be able to accomplish the same. But when I considered, first, though it were an hard matter, yet might it be overcomen with labour: than, how profitable the exercise should be for me, to read and peruse so many good auctors, as were necessary for the performance of the same: Thirdly, how honest a labour it was, so to employ the vacant time that I had from other necessary businesses. I sho●e from me unprofitable bashfulness, and have enterprised, not only to finish this work, but also (after the oversight and correction of other men) have suffered the same to be published. Wherefore you (gentle reader) shall take well in worth this my boldness, and persuade yourself (as the truth is) that I was moved to this excercise, rather of good will▪ to profit my natural country, and to do pleasure to other men, than for any fame or advancement, that I hoped might come to me thereby. And if I see, ye take it well in gree, undoubtedly you shall encourage me hereafter, to go in hand, with some exercise, that shall perchance turn to more profit, and pleasure, of them which be desirous of honest knowledge. Vale. AFter the death of Octavius Augustus, the second Cesar, that things happened in Rome, that sometime doth in all comen weals, at the decease of great princes and rulers, that is sedition, unquietness, and trouble. For the soldiers being as than in Pannonie, raised a great sedition, & in their rage beatte & murdered divers of their tribunes & other officers, which commotion after much pains was lastly quieted by Drusus the son of Tiberius. In like manner, & for like causes, was great trouble & unquietness in the host that lay in Germany. At which time, when Germanicus their captain, exhorteth them to quietness, the soldiers obstinately refused the empire of Tiberius, & proffered to make him their emperor, but Germanicus would rather have slain himself, with his own weapon, them by such unlawful means, to obtain the imperial authority: And moreover, the commons of the city of Rome, & divers of the nobles also, having in their hearts (as it were) a natural hatred toward the Monarchy, or high power of Caesar's: devised and imagined with themselves, diversly, how to extinguish the imperial authority, & bring the city to her pristinate for me and governance of consuls, which thing they more earnestly desired, for so much as they had as yet, fresh inmemorie, the sweetness of their ancient liberties, and the fame of man●e noble men, which by julius and Augustus, had been outlawed and put to death. And also because they feared the proud and cruel nature of Tiberius, who was named to succeed Augustus in the empire But all this notwithstanding. Tiberius' with such craft and dissimulation handled the matter, that he not only obtained the imperial authority, but also seemed to take it upon him against his will. There was at this time no notable war, saving that the Romans made fierce war upon the Germans, rather to revenge the infamy: that. Q. Uarus had received at their hands, than to enlarge their empire which at this time had spread itself well ner over all the world. In judea Herode and Philip, builded and repaired certain cities and towns in the honour of Cesar, which made them rulers. Herode which was also called Antipas, walled the city called Sephoris, and named it Anthoccadorida, & in like manner the city Bethaurata, which he called julia. Philip builded Paniada about the well of jordaine, and named it Cesaria. He erected also bethsaida nigh to the river Genasar, & gave it to name julia Omonima. Germanicus Cesar, the Roman captain, nigh to the wood Cesia, vainquished and slew the Germans, called Marsi. juba a man of excellent learning, king of the moors, Abagarus of Mesopotamia, and Bardascanes of Babylon. Anni regum britanny 1 GUiderius, the first son of Cimbaline, The year of Christ 17 begins his reign over the Britons, & reigned about, The year of the world 3978 28. years This man was valiant, hardy, wealthy & trusted much in his strength. And for he thought the Romans had their tribute wrongfully, he therefore of great courage, denied to pay tribute, for which cause▪ Claudius, the .v. emperor, came into Britain with a great power to claim again the payment thereof, as shall after be showed. Ualerius Gratus was precedent of judea, he first began to sell the room and office of the high priest, which example other being after in his authority, followed. Business began among the Parthians, through the death of their king Phraates, which was murdered of his bastard son by the counsel of his own concubine. Thermusa, to the intent that her son might succeed in the kingdom: But the parthians deposed the bastard, and obtained of the Romans, Uonones the legitimate son of Phraates, and made him their king, whom shortly after unconstantly they again deposed. Germanicus, nigh unto the river Gisurgis, overcame and put to flight the Germans called Cherusci. The river Tiberis overflowed the city of Rome, whereof great ruin and decay of building, and mortality of people ensued. A law was published, whereby all enchanters, soothsayers, and they which had knowledge in mathematical and magical sciences, were banished out of Italy. And also that the Romans, at their table, should not be served with so rich and sumptuous plate. Cecinna an under capitatne of the Romans overthrow the Germans, with their two captains Armenius and Inquionierus. A great commotion was like to have been in italy, through the insolent boldness of one Element, the servant of Agrippa (which Agrippa was privily put to death by Tiberius) For this servant a good space after his masters death, came abroad, and named himself Agrippa, to whom both in age and person he was not much unlike, by which means he gathered to him great companies and came toward Rome: but shortly after his companies were disparkeled, and he taken and put to death by Tiberius. Germanicus Cesar triumphed for his great victories in Germany. The year of the world 3979 The year of Christ 17 Anni regum britanny 2 In the which he seemed to bring again the glory and renown, that. Q. Uarus lost before: for so much as he brought in his triumph the same insignes, and standards, which were taken in the scomfiture of Uarus Tiberius for envy condemned Archelaus king of Cappadocia, and made his kingdom a province. In Asia xii cities were overthrown with an earthquake. U●lerius made Ishmael, the son of jabus, hic priest in judea, and deposed Amianus. Anni regum britanny 3 Rebellion and war began in Africa, The year of the world 3980 The year of Christ 19 by one Tacfarinas, which was vanquished and chased by Furius Camillus proconsul of Africa, but not so, that he ceased to rebel. Piso was made precedent of Surry Germanicus being envied of Tiberius' the emperor for the prosperous success of his wars in Germany, Anni regum britanny The year of the world 3981 The year of Christ was removed from that province, and sent into Armenia where he ordained Zenon king of Armenians and made peace with Artabanus and the Partheans. And shortly after through the counsel of Tiberius, he was poisoned by Pyso and his wife Placine: whose death brought great sorrow and heaviness to the hole city, for so much as they loved him entirely for his sweet and gentle behaviour. In so much that oftentimes when he came to Rome, he was in great danger to be smothered with the thrange of people, that preced about only to behold him. A law published, that no woman, whose grandfather father, or husband had been a gentleman of Rome, should openly gain by the filthy misusing of her body, which thing was before time permitted, so that the woman did profess and aknowlage the matter before the officers called Aediles. ¶ Eleazarus, son of Anna, was made bishop of Jerusalem. Anni regum britanny 5 Piso, after his return from Asia, The year of the world 3982 The year of Christ 21 being app●ched of certain Romans, for poisoning of Germanicus, fearing to be condemned, murdered himself. Tacfarinas, renewing war in Africa, was overthrown the second time by Decius the Roman captain. Fonteius Capito, proconsul of Asia. Simon the son of Camithus was ordained high priest in judea by U●lerius Lu. Apronius praetor of Africa. Certain cities rebelled in France by the intisement of Sacrovir, Anni regum britanny 6 and Florus, Florus, The year of the world 3983 The year of Christ 22 jest he should be taken of the soldiers of his adversaries, slew himself. joseph called also Caiphas, succeeded Simon in the bishopric of Rome. There reigned so great flattery in Rome, that Tiberius' going out of the senate, used to say, O men ready to servitude and bondage. ¶ By the occasion of many sainctuaries, was much sedition in the cities of Grece. The year of the world 3984 The year of Christ 23 For so much as thieves, Anni regum britanny 7 debtors, bondmen, and all suspect and misrulye persons gathered thither, as to a sure defence and garrison. For which cause the senate of Rome ordained fewer sainctuaries and a mean to be set in the liberties of them, which remained, that the largeness of their privileges might not thence forth be cause of so great business. Artabanus king of Parthia. Tacfarinas, was once again discomfited by junius Blesus proconsul of Africa. Sejanus, Anni regum britanny 8 whom Tiberius had advanced to high dignity in the city of Rome, The year of the world 3985 The year of Christ 24 by adultery corrupted junia, the wife of Drusus, Tiberius' son, and caused her to poison her husband: hoping by that means at length to obtain the imperial authority, to the which the said Drusus was next and rightful heir. But this Sejanus, being cast out of the emperors favour, for sorrow thereof slew himself. Stage players were banished out of Italy. Tacfarinas, king of Numidie, Anni regum britanny 9 which oftentimes had rebelled in Africa, The year of the world 3986 The year of Christ 25 was utterly subdued and slain by Dolabella: Q. Ubius Serenus was appeached of treason in Rome by his own son, and for the same banished. Pilate being ordained precedent of judea, Anni regum britanny 11 at his first entre to flatter Tiberius, The year of the world 3988 The year of Christ 27 caused the images of Cesar to be brought into the temple of Jerusalem, whereby rose a great sedition. For so much as the jews being therewith grievously offended, offered themself rather to the death, than they would suffer any images in their temple Pilate in like manner used the treasure, called Corbona contrary to the custom and law of the jews, and by cause divers of the jews showed themself grieved therewith, he beat and slew a great numbered of them. Corillus king of Goths. Mundus, a young gentleman of Rome, ravished the chaste matron named Paulina, whom, for so much as he could not corrupt by none other means: he brought his ungracious purpose to pass by the false treachery & untruth of the priests of Isis, which feigned, that they were monished by an horacle, that Anubius, the god of Egypt, would have the company of the said Paulina. To whom the chaste woman gave light credence, because it was than counted a great renown, to have to do with the gods. And by this mean was Paulina, in the night season, abused by Mundus, in the temple of Isis, under the name of Anubius, which thing being after disclosed by Mundus himself, the priests were put to death, the temple beaten down to the ground, the image of Isis thrown in to Tyberis, and the young man banished. Poppeus Sabinus, subdued the Thracians. ¶ In Rome .50. thousand men were hurt and slain with the fall of a theatour, as they were beholding the games of the sword players. For which misfortune Attilius, which set forth those plays, was banished. There were in the city of Rome .4. jews, which had converted to their religion, Anni regum britanny 13 The year of the world 3590 The year of Christ 29 a noble woman named Fulvia: and her enticed to give purple, and other rich treasure, to the temple of Jerusalem: which they used only to the maintenance of their own pleasure, whereof when the senate had knowledge, they sharply punished the doers: and for that cause expelled all the other jews out of Rome. ¶ Certain of the Germans, called Friscii, rebelled by mean of a great fowage or exaction that was of them levied, for payment whereof, they were first constrained to sell their cattle, than their goods, and lands, and lastly their wife and children. In this rebellion they put the Romans to the worse, whereby the name of the Friscians' was famous in Germany. Tiberius' Cesar waxeth so negligent, that he permitted the provinces of Spain and Syria to be without legates and governors, and suffered Armenia to be possessed of the parthians, and Mesia to be invaded of the Danes andSarmacians, and France of the Germans: by mean whereof, the power of the empire somewhat decased. The year of Christ 30 The holy man john the Baptist, being sent of god as a messenger or tidings bringer of our heith and salvation, The year of the world 3991 began to prepare the wai against the coming of Christ. Anni regum britanny 14 Our saviour and redeemer jesus Christ, after he was baptized of john, began to preach and syrede abroad the kingdom of god. Caratak, king of Scots, reigned xxi years a prince more valiant than fortunate, and gave his holle mind and courage, to defend his realm and subjects from the servage of the Romans, with whom he kept long war, and aideth the north Britain's. The year of the world 3992 Tiberius Cesar, unto this time dissimuling his cruel and naughty nature, The year of Christ 31 Anni regum britanny 15 declared himself openly to the world, falling to pleasure and filthy living: in so much that he used to banquet two holle days and a night together: wherefore of his own soldiers, for Claudius Tiberius Nero, he was called Caldius Biberius Mero. Saint john, because he justly rebuked Herode for keeping of his brother's wife, The year of the world 3993 The year of Christ 32 was cast in prison, Anni regum britanny 16 and after beheaded, at the castle named Macherunta. Our saviour Christ, when he had finished the legacy of god the father, The year of the world 3994 The year of Christ 33 & opened the doctrine of eternal life, Anni regum britanny 17 to his unkind people the jews, offered himself willingly to the most cruel death of our redemption, pa●ynge the ransom of that bondage, to the which we were thrall. and in danger. At which time of his passion was a great earthquake, and at two a clock of the day, so terrible a clypse of the son, contrary all natural course that for great darkness it seemed to be very night. The third day following he rose again from death to life, conquering ones three mighty adversaries, to whose tyranny we were subject, that is death, sin, and Satan. On the xl. day declaring himself to be a mighty and puissant conqueror, he ascended to the right-hand of the father, where he remaineth as the only and perpetual defender and meditatour of his people, from whence, according to his blessed promise, the .50. day he sent his heavenly spirit, and quayling in thy s poyt the promulgation of this law in the mount of Oreb, for even as the children of Israel 50. days after their delivery from the captivity of Egypt, and bondage of king Pharo, received the law written with the finger of god: so in like manner his blessed apostles, the very children of god, the fifty day after our deliverance from the spiritual Egypt and servage of Pharo the devil, received his heavenly spirit, the true comforter, which should lead them into all truth, and writ the eternal law of god in their hearts. The jews began to persecute the apostles, and martyred Stephen, stoning him to death. Anni regum britanny 8 Saint Paul the elect vessel of god being called by a vision, The year of the world 3995 The year of Christ 34 was made of an open adversary and cruel persecutor of the church of Christ, the most faithful apostle, and true doctor of the gentles. among whom he taught the word of god, with so great fruit, and increased so largely the Christian faith, that he was after worthily named the chief of the apostles. Simon Magus, which had seduced the people of Samaria, with Magical arts and wichechrafte, was by Philip convict of his error, and baptised. Candaces also the Eunuch of the queen of Moorens was converted to the faith of Christ, and baptised of Philippe. ¶ Pilate, after the death of Christ (as witnesseth Tertulian) wrote to Tiberius' the emperor of the death, virtue, and miracles of Christ, who, after that he had published the same in the senate, would have had Christ to be ascribed and numbered among the gods of the Romans: but the senators would not consent thereto in any wise, because that Pilate wrote to the emperor of that matter, and not to them But Tiberius continued in his sentence, and defended on pain of death, that no man should persecute the Christian people. james, called the brother of Christ, was ordained bishop of Jerusalem. ¶ Tiberius the emperor, because he would not be disquieted with the businesses of the common weal, but only at rest and idleness, departed from Rome to the Isle of Capres, where he gave himself only to 〈◊〉 & leisure. ¶ Saint Paul went to preach the gospel in Arabia, and after returned to Damascus. The bird, called Fenix, about this time came in to Egypt. The year of the world 3996 The year of Christ 35 Anni regum britanny 19 Philo, a jew of Alexandria, a man very eloquent and well learned, was famous. He wrote against appiane, and defended the jews both gravely and wisely: he wrote also divers things in praise of Christian religion, wherefore of Jerome he is numbered among the ecclesisticall writers. Areta, king of Arabia, made fierce war upon Herode, because that after he had married his daughter, The year of the world 3997 The year of Christ 36 Anni regum britanny 20 and lived with her certain years, he lastly forsook her, & kept Herodiades the wife of his natural brother being then living. Sinnaces and Abdus, unknowing to Artabanus, king of Parthia, came in ambassade to Rome, desiring to have Phrahates to their king. Phrahates shortly after sickened & died in Surrei, and than was Mithridates of H●beria ordained in his place, whereof ensued deadly war, between the Parthians, Armenians, and Hiberian. Paul returned to Jerusalem. The year of the world 3998 The year of Christ 37 The year of the world 3999 The year of Christ 38 Agrippa, Anni regum britanny 21 a Jew being accused for speaking of certain words against Tiberius, was led to prison, Anni regum britanny 22 at which time it was his fortune to meet with a soothsayer, which told him before of his deliverance, and wonderful prosperity, to the which he was after advanced by Calihula and Claudius. Pilate was commanded by Uitellius, provost of Surrei, to go unto Rome: there to answer to certain complaints, which should be laid to his charge by the jews, for which accusations he was after deposed, and banished to Lions in France, where (as Eusebius saith) he slew himself. Marsellius was made precedent of judea. Lu. Uitellius precedent of Surrei. Tiberius', after long sickness, the xvii day of the kalends of april, paid his debt to nature, Caius Caligula, the son of Germanicus and .4. Cesar, Anni regum britanny 23 was admitted to the empire with so great rejoicing of the hole city, The year of the world 4000 The year of Christ 3 that within less than three months there were. 1500●0. sacrifices offered in thanks giving to the gods, that he being of the stock of Germanicus, happened to be their emperor. This man at the first beginning, was of manners right pleasant and commendable But after he became so detestable in pride, incontinency and beastly cruelty, that he seemed rather a monster of a man, and filthy example of all vice, than a prince or governor of a public weal. He used to sit in the temple among the gods, sumptuously arrayed in purple and gold, offering himself to be worshipped of the people, he deflowered three of his own sisters, and took other men's wives violently from them. Often times he bewailed the condition and state of his age, that it was not made famous with any notable or great calamities of the common weal, for certain displeasure that he conceived toward the Romans, he wished earnestly, that all the people of Rome, had but one neck, that he for his pleasure might destroy such a multitude. Through this great mutation of manners in Caligula, happened this proverb to rise: There was never a better prince at the beginning, nor a worse tyrant at the ending. Caligula delivered Agrippa out of prison, and in the steed of his fetters and irons, gave to him a crown, and a chiane of gold of the same weight as his irons were, and made him king over that part of judea, that Phylyp governed before time. And not long after added there to, the dominion of Herod, and condemned Herode to perpetual banishment, where he died miserably. In judea Uitellius deposed Caiphas, out of the high priests room, and ordained an other in his place called jonathan, the son of Anna. Caligula commanded divine honours to be given to him, Anni regum britanny 14 and temples to be erected in his name. The year of the world 4001 The year of Christ 40 Also that his Images should be set up in all temples within the empire, which caused great dissension in Alexandria a city of Egypt: for so much as the jews there being would not consent in any wise to the worshipping of the Images of Cesar. Anni regum britanny 25 Caligula, returning out of Germany, where he had achieved nothing worthy memory, The year of the world 4002 The year of Christ caused his army to be set in good order, upon the sea banks, and his springalles and other abilementes and engines of war to be disposed against the Occian sea, as though he would comquere the sea: and then commanded his soldiers to gather Muscle shells, saying, that they were the spoil of the sea, which for his conquest and victory was due to the temple of jupiter. Petronius, the precedent of Surrie, was commanded by Caligula to enforce and compel the jews to suffer his images in their temple of Jerusalem, which thing the jews very earnestly withstood, and desired Petronius, that be would put them all to present death, rather than they should live to see their law broken. Great persecution of the jews in Babylon, and also in a city of grece named Seleucia, the causes whereof, josephus writeth abundantly in his last book of the antyquities of the jues. The ninth day of the kalends of February, Caligula was slain by Chereas' the tribune & other gentlemen of Rome, The year of the world 4003 The year of Christ 42 after whose death was found in his closet, Anni regum britanny 26 two little books, one called a sword, an other a dagger. In them both were entitled the names of those senators and noble men of Rome, which he purposed to put to death. There was found also a coffer, wherein were divers kinds of poison, with the which he intended to destroy a wonderful multitude of people. About this time, Aegiptus was king of the Aethyopes, Suirtingus of the saxons, Lodrike of the Pectes. Anni regum britanny 27 Claudius uncle to Caligula, was made emperor by the foolish rashness of the soldiers, The year of the world 4004 The year of Christ 43 contrary to the will of the Senate, and reigned .13. years. He was in his youth so sore bruised with painful sickness, that both his body and wit was dulled, and thereby made unmeet to all affairs, as well politic as martial. In so much that his mother Antonia, perceiving his untowardness, said, that he was a monster of unperfit work of nature. And if she did note any man of extreme folishens, she would say, that he was more fool than her son Claudius. Of nature he was angry, fearful, suspicious, and somewhat inclined to cruelty, in eating and drinking very untemperate more given to dice play than was comely: of the which (as some writ) he made a book. He was also very forgetful, in so much that when he had given sentence of condemnation upon certain persons, Anni regum britanny 4 and commanded them to be put to death, the next day following he would ask for the same men, to play with him at dice: and because they came not in season, called them shuggardes, at his first entre he won the favour of the people, but after he fell into so great contempt: that a Graecian said to him openly in Greek, thou art an aged man and a fool: he was poisoned of his wife Agrippina, to the intent her son Nero might succeed in the empire. Scribonianus, captain of the Romans in Delmitia rebelled and named himself emperor. At which time the host which favoured Scribonianus, could not by any means spread the banners, nor remove the standards out of their places: with which miracle the soldiers being moved, slew Scribonianus. Betus the son of Simon, bishop of Jerusalem. Claudius' the emperor, confirmed the kingdom of Agrippa, & added thereto the hole dominion of judea and Samaria, as Herode his grandfather had before him, by which occasion judea was again holy subject to one king. james the brother of johan, The year of the world 4005 The year of Christ 44 was put to death by this Agrippa, Anni regum britanny which had also to name Herode. Claudius' the emperor led an army into Britain, to claim again the tribute, that was denied by king Guiderius, which he recovered without great war or bloudeshede, as say the latin chronicles: but the english histories assirmen that he had given to him strong battle▪ In the which a Roman captain named H●n●o changed his shield & armur; and put on him the armour of a Briton, and so mingled with the Britons entered there as the king was, and slew him: at which time arviragus, the kings brother, seeing that sudden mischief, armed him with the cognisance of the king, and so for king continued the fight, with such manhood, that the Romans at that time were put to the worse. arviragus the youngest son of Cymbeline, and brother of Guyderius, was ordained king of Britain. Claudius' the emperor after divers haps of battle, The year of the world 4006 The year of Christ 45 took king arviragus to his grace: Anni regum britanny 1 and for so much as he perceived him to be a valiant prince, in token of friendship (as the english chroniclers testify) gave to him his daughter in marriage named Genissa. Claudius' returning from Britain subdued to the empire the Islands called Orcades. Marsus succeeded Petronius in the province of Surry who for envy of Agrippa, deposed Mathias, and made Eleon●us high priest in his room. The year of the world 4007 The year of Christ 46 Agrippa, who was also called Herode, Anni regum britanny 2 as he was celebrating a solemn feast in honour of Cesar, for the plesantness of his speech, was named of the common people a god. And for so much as he did not refuse the name of god, and divine honours given to him, he was immediately stricken with the wormy sickness, whereof he died miserably within the space of .v. days, paying worthy punishment for depriving god of his honour, and persecuting christ in his apostles. A great dearth and famine in judea, which was greatly helped by the liberality of the queen of the Adhiabens. Saint Paul also gathered among the gentiles which were converted to the faith, for the relief of the christians being in Jerusalem. The Britons (because their king arviragus) as sayeth the Scottish history) had repudiated his wife Uaoda, to marry the Roman lady Genissa, having aid of her brother Caratake king of Scots, rebelled as well against him as against the Romans, and were brought in subjection by Uespatian the Roman captain. Herode, brother to the forenamed Agrippa, king of Chalcis, The year of the world 4080 The year of Christ 47 Anni regum britanny 5 obtained of Claudius the ordinance of the temple and high priests of Jerusalem. joseph son of Canus was made high priest by Herode The year of Christ 48 War began in Parthia, Anni regum britanny 4 between Artabanus their king and Gotarzis his brother, The year of the world 4009 during which war Artabanus was chased out of his kingdom, and restored again by Izaites king of Adhiabens. Mithridates' king of Armenia. Certain frenchmen, named Hedui, were admitted to bear office and dignity in the city of Rome. Anni regum britanny 5 Messalina the wife of Claudius the emperor, The year of the world 4010 The year of Christ 49 a woman of so notable incontinence, that she would contend with the common harlots in f●lthi pleasure, was enamoured upon a fair young gentleman in Rome, called Silius and for to obtain more commodiusly her unlawful lust she caused his wife Sillana to be divorced, and shortly after notwithstanding she was wife to the emperor Claudius than living, she was openli married to the said gentleman Silius, and used him as her husband for which cause, after great complaint made to the emperor by the nobles she was put to death. At which time, except the officers had hastened her execution, the emperor Claudius through his forgetfulness would have granted her pardon. Caius Cassius precedent of Surrei. Mehardates king of the Assiriens. Abarus king of the Arrabies. Anni regum britanny 6 About this time Theodas and judas of Gallilei were famous, which seduced the people, saying, The year of the world 4011 The year of Christ 50 that they were great prophets sent of god. In like manner Simon Magus was of so great estimation in Rome▪ that Images were erected to him as to a god, But he was confounded by certain of the apostles, which at that time by the providence of god were present in Some. Herode king of Chaleis ended his life: whose kingdom Claudius gave to the younger Agrippa, son of Herode agrippa, whom we spoke of a little before. The Parthians, being weary of the cruel dominion of Gota●●ts, which had by force & tyranny advanced himself to that kingdom desired of the Romans to have Mahardates the son of Uonones to be their king, who not long after was overcome in battle of the said Gotarzis, & with great reproach driven out of his kingdom Uologeses, emperor of the Parthes'. Claudius, after the death of his wife Messalina, married Agrippina: through whom began much business and trouble in Rome, for she endeavoured to mary her son Nero to Octavia, daughter of Claudius, and sought divers occasions to cast Britannicus the emperors son out of favour, to the intent that Nero her son might succeed in the empire: which thing she brought to pass, The year of the world 4012 The great and wise philosopher Seneca flourished. Anni regum britanny Cumanus was made provost of judea. The year of Christ 51 In his time was a sedition between the jews and the Romans in Jerusalem, so that .20. thousand jews were murdered only by press and thrusting at gates and narrow straits as they fled from the Roman soldiers. The people of Britain, called Sylures, which under the leading of the king Caratacus, had made sharp war upon the Romans the space of ix years were vanquished by P. Ostorius, and Caraticus with his wife & children sent to Rome, as prisoners: where for his manly courage and nobleness, he was gentily entertained of the emperor. Claudius took by adoption Domitius Nero the son of Agrippina to be his heir. The people called Catti, invading and spoiling the upper Germany, were driven back by L. Pomponius. Claudius' expelled the jews out of Rome. The year of the world 4013 The year of Christ 52 T. Uinidius Quadratus, precedent of Surie. Rhadamistus, son of Pharasmanis, Anni regum britanny 7 king of Hiberians invaded Armenia, and expelled his uncle Mithridates from his kingdom. Whom Artabanus at that time king of Parthians, by force of arms chased out of the country of Armenia, and advanced his brother Tyridates to that kingdom. After the decease of Caratake, his younger brother Corbreid was ordained king of Scots and reigned .18. years. He was of fierce and valiant courage, and being confederate with the Pictes, made often times war against the Romans in Britain. So great dearth in Rome, that they were not provided of victuals necessary for the city for longer space than five days. The year of the world 4014 The year of Christ 53 A sedition between the jews and Samiritanes, Anni regum britanny 8 in the which that one spoiled and rob, that other with great cruelty, until the provost of Surrei punished & put to death the auctors of that commotion. The Pictes rebelled against the Romans in Britain and made war upon their lieutenant Ostorius. The Cilicians began to make war to their borderers they were quieted by the help of Curtius a Roman, which was sent with aid out of Surie Claudius the emperor, by the excitinge of his wife Agrippina, Anni regum britanny 9 used much cruelty in Rome. The year of the world 4015 The year of Christ 54 Nero married Octavia the daughter of Claudius his father in law. Claudius took from the younger Agrippa the kingdom of Chalcis, and gave to him a greater dominion, that is the rule of Bethania, Tro●ronites, & Gaulonites with a part of Galilee. Felix precedent of judea, by unlawful means took to his wife Drusilla, the sister of Agripa, which before was married to Aziazus king of Amasius. A certain Aegipcian, naming himself to be a prophet disturbed the people about Jerusalem, excited them against the Romans, but his company was scattered and many of them taken and slain by Felix the precedent of judea, S. Paul was taken and imprisoned by the jews at Jerusalem Anni regum britanny 10 The year of the world 4016 The year of Christ 55 Polemon king of Licia. Agrippina, when she had poisoned Claudius her husband, kept his death secret, until that her son Nero was confirmed in the empire by the soldiers and then caused it to be published. Nero the son of Domitius, being adopted to be emperor by Claudius, Anni regum britanny 11 which married his mother, The year of the world 4017 The year of Christ 56 reigned 14. years. This man although he were brought up by the reverent and wise Seneca, yet by the inevitable corruption of his nature became horrible in all kind of mis●ining, and so detestable in dissolute wantonness prodigalitee, monstrous lecheries, beastli crueltee, and covetousness that he seemed to be borne to the destruction of the hole world, he was so greatly delighted in singing, and playing with the harp in sword playing and driving of carries & wagons, that he did not only these exercises privately without all measure, but also, wearing the garments of minstrels, sword players, and other vile personages, wandered over all Italy and Grece, to seek and haunt common games, where he might try masteries & show his cunning in those feats: and at his return triumphed in the city of Rome, and sent into all countries letters of commandment, to make supplications & rejoicings for his victories. In unclean lust of the body so furiously raged, that he abstained not from mother, sister ne any degree of affinity and kindred, he took in open marriage a body of excellent favour, named Sporus and used him as his wife, he abandoned himself to filthy imbrasinges of his own servants, & in riotous spending of his treasure he exceeded, for he used to fish with golden nets, which should be drawn with cords of purple, he never wore one garment twice: he caused to be put to death his mother, his brother in law, his ii wives and his instructor Seneca, having thereto no just cause nor honest pretence, he commanded the city of Rome to be set on fire, and himself in the mean season with all semblant of joy sitting in an high tour to behold the same, played upon the harp, and sang the destruction of Troy The other examples of this man's cruelty and naughty life can not he numbered, Ananus was ordained the first priest in Alexandria after saint Mark the evangelist. Portius Festus precedent of judea. Anni regum britanny 11 The year of the world 4018 The year of Christ 57 S. Paulus, which before time was cast in prison was sent to Rome, because he appealed to Cesar. Nero committed the rule and dominion of the less Armenia to Aristobulus the son of Herode, which before was king of Chalces. There were in the time of Nero many famous learned men as Probus an excellent grammarian, Stacius Surculus, which taught rhetoric in France, Lucan a famous poet, and other. The year of the world 4019 The year of Christ 58 james for his sincere life, surnamed the just was martyred by Ananus the high bishop, Anni regum britanny 13 and other priests of Jerusalem. S. Mark suffered his martyrdom at Alexandria: after whom Anianus was made their bishop. Anni regum britanny 14 Albinus succeeded Festus in the province of judea who exercised great tyranny toward the jews. The year of the world 4020 The year of Christ 59 The commotion which in the first year of Nero began between the Parthians and the Romans, for the possession of Armenia, at this time increased wherein Corbulo, proconsul of Surry, by force of arms chased Tyridates out of Armenia, and burned their chief city called Artaxata. Nero the emperor after this time gave himself openly to such naughty and wanton living, that in the night season he would haunt brothel houses, and other suspect places, and often times break up men's houses, doors and either rob & beat them, or else ravish their wives Nero, The year of the world 4021 The year of Christ 60 after that he had committed incest with his own mother commanded her to be put to death. Anni regum britanny 15 In the country of Asia the cities Hieropolis, The year of the world 4022 The year of Christ 61 Calope and Laodicea were overthrown with an earthquake. Anni regum britanny 16 Paulinus Suetonius which kept the garrisons of the Romans in Britain, Anni regum britanny 17 The year of the world 4023 The year of Christ 62 went with a company of soldiers to subdue the isle of Man: in which mean season the Britons, under the leading of the queen Uoada, which had in her army .5000. ladies rebelled and slew of the Romans (which were left behind) to the numbered of .70 thousand, but Paulinus at his return subdued again the Britons and slew of them in one battle about .80. thausande. Uoada that she might not come alive into the hands of her adversaries slew herself. After the death of james, Simeon son of Cleopas was ordained bishop of Jerusalem. Nero forsook his wife Octavia, and caused her to be beheaded, Anni regum britanny 18 and then married Poppea, The year of the world 4024 The year of Christ 63 a woman of notable incontinency. The king of Parthians renewed war again in Armonie, and with great reproach vainquished Petus the Roman captain, and slew many of his soldiers. Corbulo at his return into Armenia, Anni regum britanny 19 The year of Christ 64 concluded atonement between the Romans and Parthians, The year of the world 4025 on the condition that their king would go to Rome, and be confirmed of the emperor in the kingdom of Armenia. Cestius Florus was made precedent of judea after Albinus, by occasion of whose tyranny and covetousness the jews first rebelled openly against the Roman empire. Rome was set on fire by commandment of Nero, Anni regum britanny 20 and continued burning the space of vi days. The year of the world 4026 The year of Christ 65 Nero to avoid the infamy thereof, laid the fault upon the christian men, and under that pretence, he first began most cruelly to persecute the professors of Christ's religion. The year of the world 4027 The year of Christ 66 By the beastly cruelty of Nero many noble men were put to most shameful death, Anni regum britanny 21 among the which were Seneca, and Lucan men of excellent learning. Licinius Musinus precedent of Surie. Campaine was well near destroyed with wonderful tempest of wind, by the which, corn, fruit, and trees were greatly hurt: at the same time reigned a wonderful pestilence in Rome. A blazing star of marvelous greatness, appeared, and continued the space of vi months. The famous rebellion of the jews against the Romans began in this year: The year of the world 4028 The year of Christ 67 Anni regum britanny 22 whereby ensued the last destruction of the city of Jerusalem. There was marvelous sedition and trouble not only in judea, but also in the cities of Egypt, Scythya, Surry, and all other places, where as the jews were, in the which the froward people suffered unspeakable miseries, every city well near was filled with dead men, and flowed with blood. Uespacian a noble captain of the Romans was sent by Nero to quiet and subdue the jews, The year of the world 4209 The year of Christ 68 Anni regum britanny 23 which rebelled in all parts against the empire. Uespatian went first against the part of judea, called Galilee, where after he had conquered and subdued certain cities, he took prisoner a nobled man of the jews called josephus, who was greatly enterteigned of the Romans, because he prophesied that Uespatiane their captain should be emperor and lord of the world. This was that josephus, whose works remain at these days. Peter, by the tyranny of Nero, was crucified at Rome. Paul also, after he had constantly preached the word of god .34. years, was put to death. Euodius was made bishop of Antioch next after S. Peter. Anni regum britanny 24 Uinder and Galba, detesting the cruel tyranny and filthy life of Nero, The year of the world 4030 The year of Christ 69 rose against him with a great company of Spaniards and frenchmen. Nero was proclaimed by the Senate to be an enemy of the weal public, and judged to be drawn through the city, and whipped to death▪ Wherefore he fearing to come into the hands of his enniemies, fled unto a manor of his servants in the country, where at the last he was forced to slay himself. Great trouble followed the death of Nero in the hole empire: for so much as iii princes contended for the imperial authority, three civil battles were fought almost in one year, beside that, there was great unquietness in all other provinces of the empire. Galba, a senator, The year of the world 4031 The year of Christ 70 descending of a noble and ancient family, Anni regum britanny 25 was elected emperor by the frenchmen & spaniardes. His private life was excellent and famous, but after he obtained the imperial authority, his covetousness alienated the hearts of men from him, wherefore the seventh month of his reign he was slain in the mids of the city by the soldiers of Otho: who immediately did succeed him in the empire: Not long after Uitellius was named emperor of the soldiers, being as then in Germany. This Uitellius was a very extreme and cruel tyrant, and therewith all a fowl glutton, and so immoderately given to excessive feeding, that he was served at one meal with ii thousand kind of fishes, and seven. thousand fowls. This Uitellius sent an army into italy against Otho, with the which Otho fought four battles thrice he put them to the worse: the fourth time hearing that his soldiers were discomfited, for sorrow thereof he slew himself at Brixium, when he had reigned iii months. In this pass time Uespacian was saluted emperor in the east parts, of Licinius, precedent of Surie, and the host lying in judea. Wherefore he sent an army into Italy, of the which the soldiers of Uitellius were discomfited, near to Cremona: shortly after, Uitellius was taken and drawn through the city, and so tormented to death, and the dead carkais cast into Tiber. The palace in Rome named Capitolium was burnt by the soldiers of Uitellius. Linus the first bishop of Rome after Peter. Cremona, a famous town in Italy, was spoiled and destroyed with fire by the soldiers of Antonius. Sido and Italicus kings of Suevia. The year of the world 4032 The year of Christ 71 Uespacian, Anni regum britanny 26 leaving his son Tytus with the greater part of his army in judea, returned to Rome to establish the empire. This man came but of a base stock and family, but in valiant prows and knightly courage he was to be compared even with the best, for his wisdom and honesty he was highly commended, he never bore grudge ne malice toward any man, were he never so great an enemy. For the only vice of avarice he was evil spoken of among his subjects, it is said, that he advanced them to high offices, which were most notable in covetousness, that when they had gathered great treasures, he might for some pretenced cause depose them, and have their goods. But he used that treasure well which he obtained by such hard and unlawful means. For he favoured good letters marvelously, and gave great salaries and stipends to learned men. E●ax, the philosophier, prince of Arabies, Polemius of India, Pacorus of the Medes, Hirthacus of the Aethiops, Beor of the Aegiptiones. Corbreid king of Scots died, and left after him three young sons, called Galdus, Tulcan and Brekus. Titus, the son of Uespacian, removed his host to the siege of Jerusalem: The year of the world 4033 The year of Christ 72 before whose coming, Anni regum britanny 27 the city was divided by dissension into three parts: whereof the one kept the temple, of which fort Eleazarus was captain: an other company held the neither part of the city, and among them one johannes was chief ruler: The third faction had the upper part of the city, over them ruled Simon the son of Giora, by which division & often skirmishes, that were between them, much of their victual and purueiannce was destroyed. In so much that shortly after the siege began, the city was in so hard case, that a bushel of corn was sold for a talent: and the poor people forced to eat the leather of their bucklers and old shows, ox dung, and that filthiness (lying in the common sinks) that uneath any man could behold without great annoyance. A noble woman by untolerable hunger was constrained to eat her own natural child. At the same time Cerealis overcame Civilis and Classicus, which rebelled with the frenchmen and Germans▪ The Scots, because Corbreid Galdus the eldest son of king Corbreid, was not of sufficient age, made Dardamnus (the nepheu of Metellane) their king, who for his seemly parsonage was greatly beloved of his people. At the beginning of his empire he used the counsel of his nobles: but after iii years, he left all justice and honesty, and slydde into most unclean vices and cruel tyranny, and lastly endeavoured to have murdered Galdus with his brethren, wherefore the Scots deposed and put him to death, when he had reigned .4. years. Marius' the son of arviragus, an excellent wise man was ordained king of Britain: Anni regum britanny 1 The year of the world 4024 The year of Christ 73 In his time Lodrike, king of the Pictes (which were a people of Scythia) accompanied with the Scots, invaded Britain: and spoiled the country with sword and fire, against whom Marius, with his knights, assembled in all haste, and gave to them sharp battle: wherein Lodrike, captain of the Pictes, was slain: with a great noumbre of his soldiers: to them, which remained; Marius gave inhabitance in the further part of scotland. And for as much as the Britain's disdeigned, to give their daughters to them in marriage, they acqueinted them with the Irishmen, and married their daughters, and grew in process of time to a great people. The city and temple of Jerusalem was taken and conquered by Titus, and in such wise destroyed by the soldiers, that uneath a man would have judged it once to have been inhabited, which thing chanced .1101. year after the temple was first builded of Solomon: the same day of the month that it was first destroyed by Nabugadnazar king of Babylon. In the time of the siege were slain of the jews, 1100000. over and beside them which Uespacian slew in subduing the country of Galilee 17. thousand Titus sent into Alexandria, there to be kept in most vile and painful bondage .2000. he brought in his triumph to Rome, of the which, part he gave to be devoured of the wild beasts, part otherwise most cruelly were slain: at which time appeared the most terrible example of the wrath and vengeance of god, for the contempt of his word and verity. For what heart is so stony or hard, that will not tremble for fear, when it considereth, that god took so sharp punishment upon his own people, whom before he loved most entirely, and among all other nations of the world chose for his peculiar flock and vineyard? The year of the world 4035 The year of Christ 74 Uespacian, the emperor, and Tytus his son, triumphed for their victory and conquest in judea. Anni regum britanny 2 Lussius Bassus was ordained legate or grand captain into judea: where he brought in subjection certain of the jews, which rebelled in the town named Macherus. Uespacian endeavoured with honest laws to restore the city of Rome to her pristinate form, beautee, and pleasantness: which was greatly corrupted by the unclean life of that monstrous emperor Nero. The year of the world 4036 The year of Christ 75 The temple of jupiter in the Capital was repaired by Uespacian. Anni regum britanny 3 Ce●ennius Petus, precedent of Surie, discomfited, put to flight, and took prisoner Antiochus, king of Comagine, and sent him to Rome to the emperor. Here endeth the histories of joseph and Egesippus debello judaico. The year of the world 4037 The year of Christ 79 Anni regum britanny 4 Achaia, Lycia, Rhodus, Byzantium, Samus, Thracia, Cilicia, Trachea, comagena were made provinces of the empire. Galdus, after the death of Dardannus, was ordained king of Scots, the most valiant and noble prince that ever reigned among them, and endued with many excellent and princely qualities. At the first entry he punished the wicked counsellors of Dardannus, and after called a parliament of his lords, wherein many noble acts were devised, and the naughty law of king Ewyn (by the which the wives of the commons were f●●e to the nobles) was abrogated and foredoone. Of him the Scots made many goodly remembrances, in the honour of his nobleness and great victories, that he achieved. About this time Petulius Cerealis was sent of the Romans as lieutenant to Britain, where he discomfited Galdus king of Scots, vanquished the Pictes and Sylurians, subdued to the Romans the country of brigants, overthrew and chased Uodicia, the daughter of the valiant woman Uoada, and quieted the kentish men and certain other Britons, which rebelled. After this Petulius, a Roman named julius Frontinus, waslieutenant in Britain, who warred also against the Scots and Pictes. Uespacian made inquiry of all the noble and valiant men among the jews, Anni regum britanny 7 The year of the world 4040 The year of Christ 79 which were lineally descended from David. Whereof ensued a sore and grievous persecution among the jews. ¶ Three cities of Cypress were overthrown with an earthquake. A sore pestilence at Rome. Anni regum britanny 8 Uespacian died of the flux. The year of the world 4041 The year of Christ 80 Titus, the son of Uespacian, reigned ii years. The year of the world 4042 The year of Christ 81 He was excellently well learned, Anni regum britanny 9 and of so pleasant, sweet, and gentle behaviour, that he marvelously deserved the favour of all men. In so much that he was therefore named commonly, the love and delight of mankind. He never dismissed any man from him, without hope to obtain his request: saying, that no man ought to go sad from the speech of a prince. When he remembered, that in a hole day he had done no benefit to any man, he said to his familiars: friends, I have lost a day: reputing that day lost, that he had not done some benefit in, being admitted high priest, he advanted, that he took that ●s●●e upon him only to the intent to keep his hands clean from bloodshed: and affirmed, that himself would rather die, than he would suffer any man to perish. The year of the world 4043 The year of Christ 82 The hill in Campaine, named Ueswius, raged more vehemently with fire than it was wont, Anni regum britanny 10 and casting out great flames, did much hurt to the countries lying thereabout. A great part of the city of Rome was destroyed with sudden mischance of fire, which continued burning the space of iii days. Turpaneus about this time was king of Danes. Tytus the emperor, being suddenly taken with an ague, and perceiving that death would needs ensue, greatly bewailed, that his life should be taken from him causeless, for so much as he never did any thing in all his life, whereof it did repent him, saving one: but what that thing was, he showed not. Anacletus was made the ii bishop of Rome after saint Peter. The year of the world 4044 The year of Christ 83 Domician, by nature brother unto Titus, Anni regum britanny 11 but very unlike in manners▪ reigned .15. years, when he was first admitted to the empire, he used much to be in his secret oratory alone, and there did nothing but take flies, and prick them through with a needle, wherefore when it was demaundid of. U Chrispus, who was with the emperor, he wyttylye answered. Not so much as a fly. At the beginning this Domician showed himself to abhor so much from murder, that uneath he would suffer oxen to be killed for their sacrifice: and being ordained Censor of manners, was very diligent in his office, but in the end following the steps of Nero and Caligula: he became a detestable and cruel tyrant. ¶ In the time of this Domician, a valiant captain of the Romans, called julius Agricola, made war nine years continually upon certain of the Britain's, Scots and Pictes, and discomfited them in many great battles, until that Domician envying his success, removed him from that province, he subdued to the Romans, Anuandale, the Isle of Man, Carrike, Kyle, & Cunigham, with many other regions. Domician ordained, that no man should be gelded or made Euneukes. Anni regum britanny 13 Anianus, bishop of Alexandria, ended his life: The year of the world 4046 after whom suc●eded Abilius. The year of Christ 85 Anni regum britanny 14 The emperor Domician, outlawed and put to death a great noumbre of the noble men and ancient senators of Rome, The year of the world 4047 The year of Christ 86 Anni regum britanny 16 Quintilian was famous, & taught Rhetoric in Rome, The year of Christ 88 receiving his salary out of the emperors escheker. The year of the world 4049 In his time were many other great learned men, as Cornelius Tacitus, the younger Pliny, Sueton, Ualerius, Flaccus, Patavinus, Juvenal, Marcial. Domician passed the river Dounce or Dunaw, with an army against Darn●pe●us king of Goths. The Goths vanquished and put to flight the Romans, and slew their captain Fuscus. Menander, a notable heretic, & disciple to Simon Magus, was famous in these days, teaching, that no man could be saved whiles he were baptised in his name, and by his magical arts wrought wonderful strange things. In the same time was Cherinthus an other heretic who taught, that christ should come and reign in the world the space of a thousand years after the resurrection, and then should ascend into heaven, with his people where they should live always in pleasures of gluttony and lechery. A kind of heretics, called Ehionites affirmed, that Christ was only man, begotten of man and woman and not god, they received only the gospel of saint matthew and taught, that all parts of the old law ought to be kept with the new. At the same time sprang the heresies of the Nicolaites, which believed: that every man might leefully use every woman that he lusted: which heresy was immediately condemned, but god grant that it be not risen again in these our days. The holy man Ignatius governed the congregation of christians at Antioch About this time the power of the Romans began to decay in Britain, for their captain Trebellius lost all the countries that Agricola had conquered, and by Galdus king of Scots, with the aid of the Pictes (as their chroniclers writ) was chased out of the bounds of scotland, and glad to desire peace of king Galdus. Policarpe ruled the church at Smirna, and Papias at Hieropolis. Domician the emperor, outraging in pride, Anni regum britanny 20 gave commandment, The year of the world 4053 The year of Christ 92 that he would be called lord and god. Domician triumphed for his victory over the Danes and Germans. The year of the world 4054 The year of Christ 93 Anni regum britanny 21 Clement succeeded Anacletus in the bishopric of Rome and lived ix years. Abia king of Arabia, Helge of Norway, Ingellus of the Danes. The year of the world 4055 The year of Christ 94 Themperor perceiving to be plenty of wine, Anni regum britanny 22 and very great scarscitee and dearth of corn and other grain thought, that by overmuch diligence given to the vineyards, men did neglect the tillage of the earth: and therefore commanded, that in Italy, no man should set new vines, and in other provinces, that the one half of their vines should be cut down to the ground. Domician, following the example of Nero, as well in cruelty as other vices, The year of the world 4057 The year of Christ 96 Anni regum britanny 24 raised the second persecution against the Christianes': at which time S. john the Apostle was banished into Pathmos, he put to death also the nephews of juda, called frater domini, as well for that they were of the lineage of Christ, as because they descended from the house of king David. The year of the world 4058 The year of Christ 97 Simeon bishop of Jerusalem, Anni regum britanny 25 after diverse other torments, was crucified to death, whom one named justus did succeed in that bishopric. Domician expelled out of Italy philosophers, and men having knowledge of the mathematical sciences. Domician, for his cruelty being audible to all men, was by a conspiracy murdered in his chamber, his own wife consenting thereto. Hitherto Suetonius continued his history. The year of the world 4059 The year of Christ Nerua, Anni regum britanny 26 an aged and wise Senator followed Domician in the empire, and reigned one year ii months and viii. days. He caused by decree of the Senate, that what soever was enacted by Domician, should be of none effect: and gave a general commandment, that all exiled persons should return home. wherefore S. john returned from Pathnios, to the Ephesians: where he wrote his gospel. Nerua commanded, that all children, whose parents were needy, should be found of the common cost. Trajan, a spaniard borne, The year of the world 4060 after Nerua was admitted to the imperial authority, Anni regum britanny 27 and reigned .19. years. The year of Christ 99 This man, if you consider in him, the profit of the Roman empire, which he greatly enlarged, or politic and civil governance, undoubtedly he was a right good and commendable prince, but toward Christian religion impious and cruel. For he caused the third persecution of the church. When he was by certain of his counsel reprehended for over much familiarity with infericurs, he answered, that a ruler ought to be of such behaviour toward his subjects, as he would have the prince to him if he were private: when he ordeinev any praetor, giving to him the sword, he would say in this wise: use the sword against my enemies in just causes, and if I myself do otherwise than justice, use thy power upon me also. Gerdon was ordained the third bishop of Alexandria. The year of the world 4062 The year of Christ 101 Anni regum britanny 29 Zacharias the fourth bishop of Jerusalem. From the death of Simeon, to the reign of Adrian, we read of no sure succession of the bishops of Jerusalem▪ for by the cruelty of the Emperors and their subjects, they were put to death well near as fast as they were ordained. Anni regum britanny 30 Evaristus the fourth bishop of Rome viii years. Trajan overcame the Danes, The year of the world 4063 The year of Christ 102 and made league with their king Decebalus, he triumphed for his victory over the Danes and Scythians. Anni regum britanny 31 Trajan subdued divers nations to the Roman empire, as the Hyberians. Sauromatans', The year of the world 4064 The year of Christ 103 and the people of Arabia and Colchis. He brought under his possession many cities, as Sileucia, Babylon, Ctesiphon: he made a bridge also over the river of Danubie, which had .20, arches of square stone, every arch .150. foot in height, in breadth, 60. foot, and between every arch .170. foot, the bridge was in length .9. hundred paces and one. Decebalus, king of the Danes, broke his league, & was again vanquished by Trajan, and his kingdom made a province. Tobias the .v. bishop of Jerusalem. Anni regum britanny 32 The year of the world 4065 The year of Christ 104 Trajan set a navy of ships in the red sea, to the intent to invade the borders of India. In scotland, after the death of Galdus, succeeded his son Lugtak, an odious and mischievous tyrant, and was as much hated of the Scots for his vice, as his father was loved for his virtue. He slew many of the rich men only to confiscate their goods, and committed the governance of the realm to most unjust and covetous persons, and with their company was most delighted. He deflowered his own aunts, sisters, and daughters, and scorned his wife and grave counsellors, calling them old doting fools: wherefore in the iii year of his reign he was slain or his nobles. Benjamin. the vi bishop of Jerusalem. The year of the world 4066 The year of Christ 105 The sumptuous house that Nero builded in Rome called the golden house. was suddenly destroyed with fire. Anni regum britanny 33 Four cities in Asia overthrown with an earthquake as Clea, Myrrina, Pytanae, Cymae, and in like manner two in Grece, and three in Galatia. The temple in Rome called Pantheon (which was dedicated to all the gods) was destroyed with fire. john the vii bishop of Jerusalem. Anni regum britanny 34 The year of the world 4067 The year of Christ 106 Mogallus, being ordained king of the Scots after Lugtake, at the beginning gave himself to follow the wisdom and manners of his uncle Galdus, and obtained diverse great victories against Lucius Antonius the Roman captain: but in his age he became audible in all kind of vices, and chiefly in avarice, lechery, and cruelty. He gave licence to thieves and robbers to take the goods of their neighbours without punishment: He first ordained the goods of condemned persons to be confiscate to the kings use, without respect of wives, children, or debtors: for which naughtiness he was slain of his nobles. Matheas the viii bishop of Jerusalem. Anni regum britanny 37 The blessed martyr Ignatius, The year of the world 4070 The year of Christ 109 by the commandment of trajan, was brought to Rome to be devoured of wild beasts, at which time when he was led toward Rome by ten men of war, whom for they r cruelty he called Leopards, by the way he confirmed all Christian men in the faith, as well by prayers as letters, saying in this wise. So that I may find Christ, and embrace him, I would there should come to me fire, gybbettes, beasts, crashing of bones, renting of all the body, and all the torments of the devil. And when he hard the roaring of the lions which should devour him, he joyously said. I am the wheat of christ, let me be ground with the beasts teeth, that I may be found to be pure and fine manchet. Alexander the, v. bishop of Rome xi years. Anni regum britanny 38 Primus the four bishop of Alexandria. The year of the world 4701 The year of Christ 110 Pliny the second was famous. He wrote to trajan of the persecution of the Christians, certyfyinge him, that there were many thousands of them daily put to death of the which none did any thing contrary to the Roman laws, worthy persecution, saving that they used to gather together in the morning before day, and sing hymns to a certain god whom they worshipped, called Christ: In all their other ordinances godly and honest, wherefore the persecution, by commandment of theemperour was greatly diminished. Anni regum britanny 40 Philippus the ix bishop of Jerusalem. Trajan ordained P●●●●amas●ates king of Parthia The year of the world 4073 The year of Christ 112 Armenia, Assiria, and Mesopotamia, were made provinces Anni regum britanny 41 Antioch was well near destroyed, The year of the world 4074 The year of Christ 113 and utterly subverted with an earthquake: Anni regum britanny 42 The year of the world 4075 The year of Christ 114 at which time the Emperor Trajan being in those parts, escaped hardly the danger. Anni regum britanny 43 Seneca the ten bishop of Jerusalem. The jews in the city of Cyrene (saying that their Messiah was come) rebelled against the Romans, The year of the world 4076 The year of Christ 115 and slew of them and of the Grecians dwelling in the city and country near about, well near .220000. thousand and being not contented with that shameful murder of men, used therein most beastly cruelty, for they did eat the flesh of the dead men, and girded themselves with the bowels, and anointed their bodies with the blood, and covered their heads with the skins of the dead carcases. The jews of Alexandria and Cyprus, being moved with the example hereof, slew in those parts. ●40000▪ having to their captain one named Armenio. The year of the world 4077 The year of Christ 116 L. Quietus, a captain of the Romans, Anni regum britanny 44 expelled all the jews out of Mesopotamia, and siue of them many thousands. For which cause he was of Trajan made precedent of judea. In egypt and Cyrene were slain an unnumerable multitude of the jews by a Roman captain named Martius Turbo. The year of the world 4078 The year of Christ 117 The parthians deposed Parthemaspates, Anni regum britanny 45 which was ordained their king by Trajan, and used again their formour liberties, justus the second bishop of Jerusalem. The year of the world 4079 The year of Christ 118 The emperor Trajan gave place to nature, Anni regum britanny some say he was poisoned, other affirm, that he died of the blo●●dy flux. The year of the world 4080 The year of Christ 119 Adrian reigned after Trajan in the empire xxi years. Anni regum britanny 47 This emperor was of wit so prompt and ready, that he seemed to be prepared for all matters, wherein he communed. In manners he was divers, soleyne of behaviour, marvelous in learning, and especially in the Mathematicals: also in physic, music, carving painting, and graving very excellent, in deeds of arms expert, valiant. and hardy, a great favourer of learned men, and toward them bountiful and liberal, he ne●er saw a poor man whom he did not relief and help out of his necessity, and accustomed to visitte sick men twice or thrice in a day: his nature much inclined to emulation and vain glory, and would seem most excellent in all things, he was more delighted with hunting, than was comely for an emperor. In so much that he erected sepulchres and tomes for his greyhounds and dogs. At the beginning he was evil spoken of, because he put divers of the noble men to death. Quadratus and Aristides, devout and well learned men wrote certain books to Adrian in defence of Christian religion, by means whereof the emperor was moved to write to Minutius Fundanus, proconsul of Asia, that no man should persecute the christian people. Adrian repaired the city of Alexandria, which was before destroyed and peeled by the commotion of the jews Anni regum britanny 48 The emperor Adrian remitted the tribute to divers cities, and forgave all manner debts, The year of the world 4081 The year of Christ 120 whether they pertained to himself, or to the common treasure. Anni regum britanny 49 Xistus, the sixth bishop of Rome. ●ii. years. Plutarch the philosopher, Phavorinus, Apuleus, The year of the world 4082 The year of Christ 121 Au-Gellius Appian, & many other learned men were famous. Adrian, having knowledge, that the Romans in britain were overset by the Scots and Pictes, went the therward with a strong army, and without any notable battle (as saith the scottish history) made a wall .80. miles of length, which some of our chronicles attribute to Severus. Anni regum britanny 50 justus the, v. bishop of Alexandria. M. Antonius, The year of Christ 122 for his studiousnes and gravity surnamed the philosopher, The year of the world 4083 a man of marvelous learning and excellent wisdom was borne at this time. He was given to the study of good letters even from his infancy, an d by his parents brought up therein very diligently, so that he had prepared for him schoolmasters and instructors most excellent in all sciences, he was after, by the commandment of Adrian, adopted to the empire by Antonius Pius. Adrian the emperor to the intent he would retain his empire in quietness, Anni regum britanny 52 The year of the world 4085 The year of Christ 124 travailed through all provinces pertaining to the Romans as well in Europe as Asia, and by the majesty of his presence and great wisdom quieted divers commotions without war or bloodshed. Cornelius the .4. bishop of antioch. Levi the xii, bishop of Jerusalem. Anni regum britanny 53 Adrian repaired Carthage, The year of the world 4086 The year of Christ & gave it to name Adrianopolis. Eferem the xiii bishop of Jerusalem. COilus the son of Marius, was ordained king of the Britain's, he was brought up even from his young age in Italy among the Romans, The year of the world 4087 The year of Christ 126 Anni regum britanny 1 and therefore favoured them greatly, and paid the tribute truly Some write that he builded the town of Colchester. joseph the xiiii bishop of Jerusalem The year of the world 4090 The year of Christ 129 judas the xu bishop of Jerusalem: Anni regum britanny 4 to his time all the bishops of that city descended of some family of the jews and were circumcised. The year of the world The year of Christ 131 Anni regum britanny 6 Minutius Fund●nus proconsul of Asia. Barchochabas, being of great power and estimation among the jews, vexed with most cruel torments, as many of the christians as would not deny Christ and his religion. Antinous, a child of wonderful beauty and favour died in Egypt, while Adrian was there in progress, whom he loved so exceedingly, that he erected 〈◊〉 & images in his name, and builded a town in those parts called Antinous, he affirmed also, that he saw a star in the firmament, which should be called Antinous star, according to the name of the child. Telespho●us the. vi●● bishop of Rome vii years. Eumanes, The year of the world 4094 The year of Christ 133 the vi bishop of Alexandria. Anni regum britanny 8 The year of the world 4095 The year of Christ 134 Satan, the infest enemy of all troth, Anni regum britanny 9 which leaveth nothing undone, whereby he may hinder the religion of christ which at this time was greatly augmented and spread largely in the world, sowed by his ministers certain heresies in the church, and first stirred up Saturninus, which in all points taught as Menander did, that Christ had not a true body, but a fantastical. He denied the resurrection, and affirmed, that vii angels made the world, contrary to the conscience of god the father. The jews rebelled again, and spoiled the country of Palestine: Against whom the emperor sent julius Severus, who overthrew in judeo .50. castles & burnt and destroyed .980 villages and towns, and slew of the jews .50. thousand, so that with famine, sickness, sword and fire, judea was almost desolate. Adrian erected a sumptuous library in Athenes. The year of the world 4096 The year of Christ 135 Marcus the first bishop of Jerusalem that was a Anni regum britanny gentile. Adrian repaired the city of Jerusalem, and named it Aelia Capitolina. He granted inhabitant therein only to Christian men, Anni regum britanny 11 The year of the world 4097 The year of Christ 136 and defended the jews to enter into the city. Ceionius Commodus was adopted to the empire by Adrian, Anni regum britanny 12 he was a very delicate and nice person, The year of the world 4098 The year of Christ 137 greatly delighting in strange pleasures, for he made him a bed of rose leaves, and a coverlede of the flowers of lilies: his footmen he caused to wear whinges like to Cupid, and gave them the names of the four winds, he died before he took fruition of the empire. The notable heretic Basilides was famous: who among other things taught, Anni regum britanny 13 The year of the world 4099 The year of Christ 138 that Christ was not crucified, but Simon Tireneus, which was constrained to bear the cross, when Christ waxed faint▪ he affirmed also, that it was no offence to forsake Christ in time of persecution: he denied the resurrection. Against whose he resies a learned man, named Agrippa Castor, wrote certain books, which were after in great price among the Christians. Adrian the emperor died with bleeding at the nose. Anni regum britanny 14 Antonius Boionius, The year of the world 4100 The year of Christ 139 who for his clemency and gentle behaviour, Anni regum britanny 15 was surnamed Pius, succeeded Adrian, The year of the world 4101 The year of Christ 140 and reigned .22. years. This man was of pleasant nature, gentle in manners, honourable in continance, quick of wit, of excellent eloquence, famous in learning, sober, diligent, patient, courtesy, liberal, much given to housbandrye and tillage of the earth: and all these things in measure, without boasting and vainglory. he used often this princely sentence of African: I had liesfer save one citizen, than destroy .1000. adversaries. he used his friends being emperor, as he did when he was a private person. Higinus the viii bishop of Rome. Anni regum britanny 16 Earpocrates, the famous heretic, was in these days: which denied, that Christ was God: and said, The year of the world 4102 The year of Christ 141 that he was not borne of the virginne Marry: but only gotten of the seed of joseph, and that he suffered among the jews, and his soul only ascended into heaven. He affirmed also, that the world was made by angels, and not by god. He rejected the old testament, and denied the general resurrection. Valentinian and Cerdon, notable heretics, came to Rome, Valentinian denied that Christ had a natural body, but rather a fantastical. Cerdon taught, Anni regum britanny 17 that Christ was never borne of a woman: The year of the world 4103 The year of Christ 142 and that he had no flesh, nor suffered any passion, but feigned only to suffer: He affirmed, that god, which is declared in the laws and prophets to be god, was not the father of our saviour Christ: for so much as he was known, the other unknown, the one was just, the other was good. It was his doctrine also, that some creatures were of themselves ill, and that they were not made of that god, that was the chief goodness, but of an other god of all naughtiness, whom he called the chief or principal mischief. He said also, that the old testament was nought. justine the philosopher wrote a book to the emperor and Senate, in defence of Christian religion. Cassianus the ii Bishop of Jerusalem of the Gentiles. About this time was a great famine in Rome .300. houses also were destroyed with fire. The year of the world 4105 The year of Christ 144 Tiber overflowed the city. Anni regum britanny 19 In Asia divers towns were overthrown with earthquakes. A child was borne with two heads. A woman at one birth was delivered of .v. children. In Mesia four meek lions offered themselves to every man to be taken: at this time what soever misfortune happened in any part of the world, it was holly imputed to Christian religion. Conarus, which was the chief causer of his father's death was made king of Scots, who dyssimuled the vices, whereto he was naturally inclined: but as soon as he was established in the kingdom, he wasted all the rents pertaining to the crown in his lewd lusts, and gave lands and riches to most vile and naughty persons, because they favoured his corrupt living. He invented new actions upon his people: and therefore was of his nobles cast in prison, and his wicked counsellors hanged. In his place Argadus guided the realm about .14. years. Herus the .v. bishop of Antioch. Crescens a philosopher caused justine a great learned man and defender of Christian religion, to be persecuted, because he rebuked the philosophers. In which persecution justine with his death glorified Christ and confirmed his religion. Anni regum britanny 27 The year of the world 4113 The year of Christ 152 Anni regum britanny 34 Policarpe bishop of Smirna came to Rome. The year of the world 4120 The year of Christ 159 Anicletus the ten pope xi years. Anni regum britanny 35 Atidius Cornelianus ruler of Syria The year of the world 4121 The year of Christ 160 julianus the vii bishop of Jerusalem. Anni regum britanny 36 Antonius Pius the emperor, gave place to nature. The year of the world 4122 The year of Christ 161 Anni regum britanny 37 Marcus Aurelius Antonius succeeded Pius, The year of the world 4123 The year of Christ 162 and reigned xix years He made Lucius Uerus his kinsman of equal power with him in the empire. This Lucius was much given to wanton and dissolute living, and was of nature fierce and cruel: but Marcus was of excellent virtue, wisdom and learning, and seemed to be provided of god against the troubles and miseries which happened to the common weal in his time. For undoubtedly the state of the empire had been greatly appared, ne had been the great wisdom of this emperor: which by his foresight and counsel governed the same and kept it from much danger: he made many goodly laws which at this day remain in the pandectes. Uologesus, The year of the world 4124 The year of Christ 163 king of the Parthians sent his defiance to the emperor, Anni regum britanny 38 made war upon the Romans and dyscomfited Acidius Cornelius precedent of Surie, against whom Lucius Uerus was sent with an army: who when he came to Antioch and Daphnis in Syria, gave himself to pleasure and banqueting, and made wars by his captains. Statius Priscus fought prosperously in Armenia and took their chief town A●taxa●ae. Au●dius Cassius and Narsius the Roman captains pierced the country with their host even unto Babylon, & Media, subduing always their adversaries before them for which prosperous success Lucius Uerus, though he were not present, was named Parthicus Armenicus, & Medicus. In this time flourished the famous astronomer Ptolemy, by whose benefit remain at this day in the world the noble sciences called Mathematical: the knowledge whereof the Egipcians had kept among them eu● from the time of joseph, to this Ptolemy, which is about 20000. years. For first the great Alexander, & afterward the Romans for that cause had Egypt always in high estimation: and lest that goodly knowlages should decay with great costs maintained the Aegipcians school: which than at last perished, when that country became subject to Macomet and the Saracens, wherein that cursed people most of all other things declared their rude Bar●ar●knesse, suffering that noble school: which had continued above thousands of years, & been preserved by so many great princes, in the which flourished all kinds of honest disciplines, through their vile ignorance and cruelty to perish. The year of the world 4126 The year of Christ 165 Seleutia, a noble city of Assyria was taken, Anni regum britanny and .500. thousand men therein. A great dearth and pestilence in Rome, so that they carried out men that were dead in carts and wagons. Marcus the emperor published very straight laws concerning of dead men. Ethodius, nephew to Mogallus, was ordained king of Scots, and reigned. ●3. years. This man was greatly delighting in hunting, and made many laws thereof he rewarded Argadus for his good administration of justice, he quieted the isles, and being accompanied with Pictes, vanquished Uictorine the Roman capitain, and broke down the wall of Adrian. The year of the world 4127 The emperor looked for war of the Britons: Anni regum britanny 41 against whom he sent Calphur●ius Agricola. The year of Christ 166 Ausidius Tictorinus went with an army against the Catteans, which had broken into Germanye and Rhetia and spoiled those parts. The year of the world 4128 The year of Christ 167 The two emperors, Marcus and Lucius, Anni regum britanny 42 triumphed for the victories in Parthia. The year of the world 4129 The year of Christ 168 The emperors of Rome made preparation for a jeopardous war against the people of Germani named Marcomanni. Anni regum britanny 43 The year of the world The year of Christ 169 ¶ A grievous persecution of the Christian people in Asia and in France: where a great numbered of them, Anni regum britanny 44 which truly professed Christ, suffered most cruel torments and pains. At Lions in France were many christians martyred, among the which was Ph●tinus their bishop whom Ireneus succeeded: whose works remain at these days, to the great profit of christian religion. So●er the xi pope .8. years. The holy man Policarpus bishop of Smirna, was burnt, Anni regum britanny 45 Asianus, The year of Christ 170 bishop of Sardis wrote a book to Antonius the emperor in defence of christian religion. The year of the world 4131 Theophilus the .6. bishop of Antioch. Ualens' the .9. bishop of Jerusalem. Anni regum britanny 46 When both the emperors came with their puissance to the city Aquileia, The year of the world 4132 The year of Christ 171 the Germans which were causers of the foresaid commotion, repented them and desired peace: which being to them granted the emper●uis returned i●. to Italy. by the way it fortuned Lucius to die After that Marcus was returned into italy, The year of Christ 173 not only Marcomanni, Anni regum britanny 48 The year of the world 4134 but also divers other people of germany rebelled: against whom the emperor sped him in all haste which war he finished and subdued his enemies with as great wisdom, fortune, and success as ever did any prince that man can remember. When that the emperors soldiers were enclosed by his enemies, Anni regum britanny 49 and in great distress of water: The year of the world 4135 The year of Christ 174 by the prayer of certain, christians, which were as than in the host it reigned so plentiousely that not only they were relieved with abundance of water, but also a great numbered of their adversaries slain and destroyed with the tempest of rain and lightning. Dolicianus the ten bishop of Jerusalem that was a gentle. Anni regum britanny 50 Au●dius Cassius who was sent to quiet the east parts traitorously named himself emperor: The year of the world 4136 The year of Christ 175 but not long after he was slain of his own soldiers, and his head brought to the emperor. Anni regum britanny 51 In this time divers devout and great learned men both in writing and open disputations, The year of the world 4137 The year of Christ 176 defended the christian verity against the vain opinions of many heretics, that were spread in the church, as A●gesipo●s Dionysius bishop of Corinthe, Pynithus of Crete Theophilus of Antioch, Melito of Sardis, Ireneus of Lion's Apollinarts of Hieropolis, Modestus, Philyppus Musanus and other. Tatian an horrible heretic, was famous, which before time was a chrstian, & disciple of justine the Martyr, this man taught, that matrimony was no better than whoredom or adultery. He forbade also divers kinds of m●at●s. About this time Calphurnes Agricola was sent from Rome into Britain, where he repaired the wall of Adrian, that was broken down by the Pictes and Scots, he subdued the welshemen and other Britons that rebelled, and quieted the isle of Wight. The year of the world 4138 Antonine & his son Commodus, Anni regum britanny 52 triumphed for his victory in germany. The year of Christ 177 Eleutherius the xii pope xiii years. The year of the world 4139 The noble and famous physician Galene, Saluius julianus the lawyer, The year of Christ 178 Fronto the famous orator, Anni regum britanny 53 Oppian a poet, were in great estimation. Montanus, an heretic, taught marriage to be dissolved, and prescribed laws of fasting. Prisca and Maximilla, women, whom Montanus affirmed to have the spirit of prophecy. Gratus proconsul of Asia. The year of the world 4141 The year of Christ 180 LUcie the son of Coilus, Anni regum britanny 1 was ordained king of britons, who in all his acts and deeds followed the steps of his forefathers in such wise, that he was of all men loved and dread. This Lucy in the eight year of his reign, that was about the year of our lord 187. sent loving letters to Eleutherius pope, desiring him to send some devout and learned men, by whose instruction both he and his people might be taught the faith and religion of Christ, where of Eleutherius being very glad, sent into Britain two famous clerks Faganus and Dunianus, by whose diligence Lucy and his people of Britain were instructed and baptised in the faith of Christ .1294. years after the arrival of Brute. The city of Smirna was overthrown with an earthquake, for the restoration whereof, the emperor remitted ten years tribute. Marcus Aurelius Antonius ended his life. Antonius Commodus the .18. Emperor, reigned after his father .13. years. Anni regum britanny 2 This man, The year of the world The year of Christ although he were of nature mischievous, wicked cruel, and even from his infancy inbrasinge filthy pleasure, gluttony, riot, with other vices: yet by the counsel of certain wise men, which before appertained to his father, at the beginning of his reign his dissolute life was much restrained, but at length, through the importune suit of flatterers, he shut up his ears against all good reason and counsel, and alway sought occasions to dispatch out of the way the most wise and grave Senators, which were as bridles to his naughtiness. He used often times to play naked at weapons with the sword players, not only in the common schools, but also openly in the theatre: whereby he greatly defaced the imperial majesty. Commodus triumphed for his victories over the Germans Pantenus, a man of great devotion and learning, was in high estimation at Alexandria, and taught in open school divine letters: of which occasion the custom remained there always, that certain most excellent in all kind of learning, should be chosen to instruct the people in godly knowledge. Lucilla, the emperors sister, The year of Christ for so much as she was by her brother deprived of certain imperialle honours which were given to her by her father: Anni regum britanny 4 The year of the world 4414 by mean of adultery, enticed a noble young man, named Quadratus, to conspire against the emperor: who by the counsel of the more part of the senate, committed the whole matter to one Quintianus, which watching his time, should slay the emperor, but he by his rashness was detected taken and straightly examined, and uttered the hole conspiracy. For which cause Commodus kendled a grievous hatred toward the senators. Perennius, whom Commodus had made governor of the empire under him, Anni regum britanny 8 The year of the world 4184 The year of Christ 187 for so much as by privy means he aspired to the imperial authority, was put to death. In these days was great quietness in the church, and many noble men of Rome were converted to the faith: among which was Appolonius, who reading openly in the senate a book that he had made in defence of Christian religion, The year of the world 4149 The year of Christ 188 was after beheaded. Anni regum britanny 9 The capital & a liberarie were burned with lightning. The year of the world 4151 The year of Christ 190 Maternus, a soldier, conspired to slay Commodus but he was disclosed by one of the same conjuration, Anni regum britanny 11 and so prevented. Cleander whom the emperor had advanced from a servant to high dignity in Rome, used great cruelty and exaction toward the people, for which cause they raised a great commotion. The emperor to satisfy the people, commanded Cleander to be put to death, and his head to be carried about the city. Victor the .13. pope ten years. A great dearth and scarcity in Rome. Commodus published, that he would be called Hercules, and the son of jupiter, The Scots and Pictes not long from this time overthrew Trebellius the Roman captain in Britain. The Britons, through the covetousness of Trebellius rebelled, and were vanquished, shortli after Pertiner was sent by Commodus into Britain, and warred against the Scots, and with gentleness and wise counsel quited the B●●●ons. Commodus in shooting or casting the dart, had so steady a hand, The year of the world 4152 The year of Christ 191 Anni regum britanny that he would hit what so ever he appointed Wherefore to show his cunning in these feats, in the open sights he killed a great multitude of wild beasts In this time were in the church many bishops of excellent learning and Sanctimony, as Serapion of Antioch, Demetrius of Alexandria, Theophilus at Cesaria Bacchilus of Corinth, and Polycrates among the Ephesians. Lucius' king of Britain, decessed after whose death for so much as of him remained no heir, Anni regum britanny 1 the britons between themselves fell in great distance and war, The year of the world 4153 The year of Christ 192 which continued to the great disturbance of the realm about xu years. The temple of peace, with many other gorgeous places in Rome, were desta●yed with fire. Stars appeared in the day time: of the which some being drawn in engthe, seemed to hang in the air. Anni regum britanny 2 Commodus the emperor was strangled to death by Laetus Electus, and his own concubine Martia. The year of the world 4454 The year of Christ 193 Anni regum britanny 3 Partinax was constrained by the Senate to take on him the governance of the empire, The year of the world 4155 The year of Christ 194 who endeavouring to reduce the common weal to a good order, was cruelly slain of the soldiers, when he had reigned only two months and xxv days. When Partinax was slain, the soldiers published that they would advance him to the imperial authority which would most liberally reward them. Of whom julian a lawyer, bought the empire, promising them great gifts: for which deed he was abhorred of the hole city, and not long after hated also of the soldiers: be cause he was stack in fulfilling his promises. This disfavour of the people toward julian, was occasion that Pescennins Niger was named emperor of the soldiers in Surie. But he lingered at Antioch, & made not toward Rome against julian. Wherefore in the mean time Severus was pronounced emperor of his soldiers in Illiria. This man with all speed possible, The year of the world 4156 The year of Christ 195 went with an army into Italy & caused julian to be slain. Anni regum britanny 4 When he came to Rome, and had the imperial authority established by the senate, incontinent he augmented his army, & went against Niger: but fearing that Albius, being as then of great power in Britain, would in his absence conspire against him under fair pretence caused him to be proclaimed partaker of the empire. At Cizinum, a city of Asia, The year of the world 4157 Severus discomfited Aemilius the captain of Nigers' host. Anni regum britanny 5 The year of Christ 196 Again in Bithynia the soldiers of Niger were overthrown, and lastly in Cilicia Niger himself was vanquished and slain. The moors spoiled Laodicea, and brent Tyrus. Satrahel, the brother of Ethodius (because his sons were not of sufficient age to guide the realm) was ordained king of Scots, he was of false and subtle wit, and given to such cruelty, that for feigned causes he su● all the friends of Ethiodus, to the intent to defraud his heirs of the crown, wherefore he was murdered of his familiars, when he had reigned .4. years. The year of the world 4159 The year of Christ 198 Severus, after his return from Surie, Anni regum britanny 7 fearing that Albinus (whom before he had made partaker of the empire) would endeavour by some privy mean to defeat him and his posterity of the imperial succession, caused him to be proclaimed his enemy, and went against him with all his power into France: where he vanquished and slew him, and in despite of the senate, sent his head to Rome. A great controversy rose in the church between the bishops of Asia and Europe, concerning the feast of Easter. Victor being than pope, by his sentence would have excommunicated all the churches of Asia, because they kept their easter the .14. day of the first month, according to the use of the apostles, for which cause he was sharply rebuked, both of Irenius bishop of Lions and many other, as not sufficiently considering the unity of the church. Severus returning to Rome, Anni regum britanny 8 outlawed and put to death many of the Senators and noble men of Spain France, The year of the world The year of Christ 199 and Italy. donald, an humile and gentile prince, was choose king of Scots, and reigned .21. years. He was the first king that coined any money of gold or silver, for the Scots used before interchanging of Mercimonies, and had no money of their own, but the Britons and Romans, and other external nations. About the year of our lord 203. this Donald procured certain wise and learned men to instruct him, and his wife, children and subjects, in the faith of Christ, which happened .33. years after the beginning of the royalme of scotland. Ze●●erinus the .14. pope .20. years. The emperor Severus, passing into the east parts spoiled Arabia, The year of the world The year of Christ 202 Anni regum britanny 10 made league with the kings of Armonie put to flight A●tabanus, king of the Partheans, and took the city Ctesiphon, and vanquished als● the Adhiab●eno. Abaga●us king of Perses. Laetus proconsul of Egipte, in his time was a grievous persecution of the Christians in Alexandria: in which Leonides, Origines father, was beheaded, and Origene himself being then but a child, Anni regum britanny 12 The year of the world 4164 The year of Christ 203 desired martyrdom with his father. Anni regum britanny 14 Aquila, provost of Egypt, The year of the world 4166 The year of Christ 205 under whom the persecution continued. Narcissus, bishop of Jerusalem, fled into the desert for fear of persecution, in his place was ordained Dius. Anni regum britanny 1 TO this time continued the foresaid discord among the Britons, The year of the world 4169 The year of Christ 208 which thing moved Severus to make haste into that country, as well to quiet the realm as to keep back the Pictes & Scots, which vexed them with war. He caused a wall of turfs and great stakes to be made of the length of .112. miles (or after some) repaired the wall of Adrion. It began at Tyne, and wretched to the Scottish sea. This Severus governed Britain five years. Germanus succeeded Dius in the bishopric of Jerusalem, and after him Bordis the .29. bishop. Narcissus came abroad again out of the desert, The year of the world 4170 The year of Christ 209 and was desired of the people of Jerusalem to take again the bishopric. Anni regum britanny 2 Tertulian, a great learned man of Carthage, was in this time very excellent in divine scriptures. Anni regum britanny 3 The year of the world 4171 The year of Christ 210 He wrote many noble works in defence of christendom: But being in his middle age made a priest, he was vexed with sundry wrongs and displeasures by the envy of the clergy of Rome: and therefore at the last, fell into the heresy of Montanus, which he interlaced with his books that he wrote. Origene after Clement and Pantenus, was admitted to the office of a doctor or open teacher of divine scripture and christian faith in Alexandria. Anni regum britanny 4 The year of the world 4172 The year of Christ 211 Anni regum britanny 5 The Pictes and Scots with their leader Fulgenius, pierced Britain, The year of the world 4173 The year of Christ and destroyed much of the country beyond Durham: with whom Severus met, near unto York, and gave them battle: in the end whereof he was slain, and was buried at York, the Latin chronicles testify, that he died of the gout. BAssianus Caracalla succeeded his father in the Empire and reigned vi: years. Of nature he was cruel and fierce, very tolerant of all pains and labours, The year of the world 4174 The year of Christ 213 and especially in warfare, Anni regum britanny 1 whereto he seemed to be framed of nature. There was always most infest enmity between him and his brother Geta, which their father being in life, could never exting vish, wherefore this man began his reign with domestical murder, slaying his brother, whom his father had made partaker of the empire. Alexander the .30. bishop of Jerusalem. Escleopiades' bishop of Antioch. The year of the world 4175 The year of Christ 214 The emperor put to death all them which were of any acquaintance or familiarity with his brother Geta. Anni regum britanny 2 The year of the world 4177 The year of Christ 216 Bassianus married his father's wife julia, Anni regum britanny 4 being enticed thereto with her excellent favour and beauty. He made hot baths in Rome. The year of Christ 217 At the city Alexandria he commanded all the valiant young men to be slain, Anni regum britanny 5 for displeasure that he had conceived toward the city, for over liberal boarding and jesting at him and his father Severus. Bassianus Caracalla, Anni regum britanny 6 under pretence of marriage passed the river Euphrates, The year of Christ and entered into Parthia: where he was received of the king, & his nobles with great honour as coming to marry his daughter. But Bassianus suddenly gave commandment to his army, to compass the Partheans, and slay them all without mercy: which thing they did in such wise, that the king himself hardly escaped the danger, And so, the emperor could not overcome by manhood, he vanquished by falsehood and untruth. IN Britain was as yet no king, but the emperor was accounted as king, wherefore (as some writ) Carassus a Briton of low birth, but valiant and hardy in martial deeds, purchased of the emperor the keeping of the costs of Britain, by means whereof he drew to him many knights of his country, and arreared deadly wars against the Romans, having the better hope for that he hard of the death of Bassianus the emperor which about this time was slain by one of his servants between Edissa and Carras, cities of Mesopotamia. But Polydore affirmeth, that this Carassus took on him the governance of Britain in the time of Dioclesian: and sayeth, that this land was in good quietness the space of .76. years. With whom the latin histories seem to agree. Anni regum britanny 2 Marcrinus, and his son Diadumenus, were named emperors by the soldiers, The year of the world 4180 The year of Christ 219 and reigned one year and ii months, he was cruel, covetous, and much given to pleasures. Artabanus king of Parthee, for the great injury and reproach done to him by Bassianus, warred up on the Romans. Against whom went Macrinus the emperor and fought prosperously, after which battle a peace between them was concluded. Macrinus for his avarice and tyranny, was betrayed and slain of his own people, with his son Diadumenus. Uarius Heliogabalus was made emperor by the soldiers. Anni regum britanny 3 The year of the world 4181 The year of Christ 220 This beastly monster left no memory but gf his gluttony, lechery, mischevousnes, and ribaldry. I willingly let pass, how filthelye he deformed his proper kind. He was never ii days served with one kind of meat, he never wore one garment twice, never companied twice with one woman, saving his wife. In his lamps he used balm, and fillet fishepondes with rose water▪ he wore in his shows most costly precious stones fineli engraved, and used no vesture but of gold and sumptuous silk called Holosericum, some days his company was served at meal with the brains of Ostriges, & a strange fowl named Phenecopterie: an other day with the tongues of Popingais, and other sweet singing birds, when he sojourned in places ●e to the sea, he never used fish: in places far distant from the sea, all his house was served with most delicate fishes. At one supper he was served with .7000. fishes, and. 50●0. fowls. Often when he removed in progress, there followed him .600. charyotes laden only with bards, common harlots, and ribaudes. He sacraficed with young children, and promoted to most high dignity in the common weal cartars, minstrels, bawds, and most unclean personages. In fine, to all honesty and good order, he was a deadly enemy. When he was warned of Astronomers, that he should die a violent death, he provided ropes of silk to hang himself, sword of gold to kill himself, and strong poison of jacinctes and emeralds to poison himself, if he were forced thereto, moreover he made a high tour havig the floor of boards covered with gold plate bordered with precious stones, from which tower he would throw himself down, when he was pursued of enemies, but notwithstanding all his provision, he was slain of the soldiers, drawn through the city, and cast in to Tiber The year of the world 4185 The year of Christ 224 Calistus the .15. ●ope .v. years Aurelius Alexander Severus the son of Mommea reigned .13. years, he was virtuous, wise, gentle, Anni regum britanny 76 liberal sincere, and to no man hurtful, by the diligence of his mother, he was ever from his infancy brought up in study of good letters, and almaner of honest learning, as well martial as civil he reverenced learned mengreatly, and did nothing in the common weal, without the assistance of wise and learned counsellors It is written that he bore such a stomach toward corrupt judges, that when he chanced to meet with any of them by the commotion of his mind he would cast up choler, being so moved, that he could not speak and was ready with his ii fingers to put out their eyes. Philetus bishop of Antioch Alexander dismissed from his court all superfluous servants, saying, that he was no good pupil, which fed idle servants with the bowels of his common weal. Ethodius was ordained king of scotland, and reigned .16. years, he was of dull wit given to avarice and gathering of riches, & nothing meet to govern the royalme Wherefore his nobles took on them the charge, and so continued all the time of his reign. The year of the world 4187 The year of Christ 226 ALectus a duke of Rome, was sent to subdue Carassus, Anni regum britanny 1 which vnl●●ully usurped regallye in Britain, to which Alectus fortune was so favourable that he chased Carassus, and lastly slew him, when he had reign d .8. years. Alexander the emperor forbade, that great officers should have substitutes or vicegerentes, and commanded every man to do his own office diligently. Anni regum britanny 2 Artaxarces, the persian, The year of the world 4188 The year of Christ 227 slew Artabanus king of the Parthians, and restored that kingdom to his signory of Persee, challenging also of the Romans all Asia, and a part of Europe, as due to his dominion. Theodorus called also Gregory, and Anthenodorus disciples of Origene: Anni regum britanny 4 and bishops of Ponte, The year of the world 4190 The year of Christ 229 were famous. Aphricanus a man excellent in the knowledge of divine scriptures, flourished. Alectus the Roman, which governed the Britons after he had subdued the land again to the Romans, used among them much cruelty and tyranny. Wherefore they intending utterly to expel the Romans, moved a noble man, called Ascleopidatus, to take on him the kingdom: who gathered a great power, and made sharp war upon the Romans: and chased them from country to country, until at length Alectus kept him at London for his most surety: whither Ascleopidatus pursued him, and near to that city gave to him battle in which Alectus was slain, when he had governed Britain .6. years. AScleopidatus, after Alectus was thus slain, The year of the world 4193 The year of Christ 232 gird the city of London with a strong siege, Anni regum britanny 1 and therein Livius Gallus the Roman captain: and ere it were long, by knightly force and violence, entered the city, and slew the forenamed Gallus, near unto a broke there at that day running, into which broke he threw him, by reason whereof it was called Gallus or Wallus broke, and at this day the street, where sometime that broke ran, is called Walbroke. After which victory Ascleopidatus governed Britain .30. years. Firmilianus bishop of the city of Cesoria in Capadocia Alexander the emperor (as sayeth Lampridius) overcame the Persians. But Herodian affirmeth, that partly through his own slackness, partly by the great multitude of the Persians, he was put to the worse. The Roman captain F. Celsus had prosperous success in the wars in Mauritania, likewise Uarus Macrinus in Iliria, and julius Palmatus in Armenia ¶ Origene fled to Cesaria, leaving Haraclas in his room at Alexandria. The year of the world 4194 The year of Christ 233 Anni regum britanny 2 Pontianus the .17. pope vi years. The year of the world 4196 The year of Christ 235 About this time the emperor Alexander, Anni regum britanny 4 by the counsel of hip mother Mammea, sent for Origene to Rome being moved with the fame of his excellent learning and godly life. The year of the world 4197 The year of Christ 236 At Mensae in Germany, Anni regum britanny 5 Alexander with his mother Mammea was slain by Maximinus, whom he of a mulettovor had advanced to high dignities. Dometr●us bishop of Alexandria died when he had been bishop .43. years. after whom followed Heraclias. The year of the world The year of Christ 237 Maximinus was emperor after Alexander, Anni regum britanny 6 and reigned .3. years. This man in his youth was a mulettour in Thracia. After he came to Rome, and there practised feats of arms, wherein for the wonderful bigness and strength of his body, which he had joined with excellent boldness of mind, he so profited, that in chivalry he passed all men of his time. Wherefore he was set up of the soldiers against Alexander. After whose death he exercised great tyranny toward his friends. Of him it is written, that he did eat every day .40. pound of flesh and drank .v. galones of wine. Maximinius vanquished the Germans: and in his return, showed great cruelty to the Romans. Dionysius the disciple of Origene, succeeded Heracla● in the school at Alexandria. Maximinus' persecuted the Christians. The year of the world 4200 The year of Christ 239 Berillus, bishop of a town in Arabia, Anni regum britanny 8 named Bosterna, taught that Christ neither was before his carnal nativity, nor had any proper divinity, but only the deite of god the father dwelling in him: whom Origene confused and brought again to the unity of the church. The people of Africa, not sustaining the cruelty of Maximinus chose Gordian, an ancient Senator, to be emperor: whereof the people of Rome were very glad. But Cap●llianus provost of Mauritania, for displeasure that he bore toward Gordian, went against him with a strong army, and in battle slew his son, and discomfited his host Wherefore Gordian, fearing to come into his enemy's hands, hanged himself. Antherus pope one month, and after him Fa●ian xii years. Anni regum britanny 9 Maximus Balbinus, and Gordian a child, were named emperors of the senate against Maximinus, The year of the world 4201 The year of Christ 240 who not long after was slain at Aquileia of his soldiers Babilas beshoppe of Antioch. Atherco, after the slaughter of Ethodius his father, was chosen king of Scots, and reigned xii yerres. At the beginning he showed some token of honest towardness: but after he was so involved in all unclean vice & effeminate lust, that he was not ashamed to go in the sight of the people, playing upon a flute, and rejoiced more to be a fidlar than a prince: finally being pursued for ravishing the daughters of Nathalas, a noble man of Arg●le, he slew himself. Marimus and Balbinus, for that they were not favourable to the soldiers, Anni regum britanny 10 were slain at Rome: The year of the world 4202 by which occasion Gordian the child reigned alone. The year of Christ 241 This Gordian accustomed to say that he was a wretched prince, from whom by flattery the truth of matters is hid. Sapores king of Persians .31. years. Sabinianus raised a sedition in Africa against Gordian, which was quieted by the provost of Mauritania Anni regum britanny 11 Gordian took to wife the daughter of a wise and well learned man, called Misitheus, The year of the world 4203 The year of Christ 242 by whose counsel also he governed the empire, with the great favour of the senate and people of Rome. Porphir●us the disciple of Piotine, and deadly enemy of christian religion, flourished in Rome. Theopompus the philosopher at Cherona, Nicanor the sophister at Athenes, Affricanus also a man of excellent learning, which wrote to Origene were famous. Anni regum britanny 12 Gordian went into the east against the Persians. In his journey he vanquished his enemies in Thracia. The year of the world 4204 The year of Christ 243 In Surie by the counsel of Pisitheus he overcame Saxor king of pierce, and by force drove him out of Surie▪ He recovered Antioche● and subdued again Carras and Nicibis. Misitheus died, in whose place the emperor made Philip perfect of the pretory. The year of the world 4205 The year of Christ 244 Gordian was slain by Philip in the borders of Perse. Anni regum britanny 13 The year of the world 4206 The year of Christ 245 When the S nate had knowledge of the death of Gordian, they named Marcus to be emperor: Anni regum britanny 14 who died in few days after. In his place they chose Severus Hostilianus, which shortly after in like manner, by the negligence of physicians, in cutting of a vein finished his life The year of the world 4207 The year of Christ 246 Philip, which slew Gordian, Anni regum britanny 15 was made emperor by the soldiers, and reigned .v. years. He was the first emperor that professed Christ, and was baptised with his wife and children, for envy whereof he was slain of his successor Deius. Origene wrote certain epistles to Philip, concerning christian religion. The year of the world 4208 The year of Christ 247 A new heresy began, Anni regum britanny 16 teaching that the soul should die with the body, and both rise together at the general judgement. This heresy was confuted by Origene. At the same time were other heretics: named Helchesaite, which denied certain scriptures, and rejected all Paul's epistles, which heretics were in like manner confounded by Origene. Dionysius bishop of Alexandria. The .4. year of the reign of Philip was the thousandth year of the city of Rome, The year of the world 4216 The year of Christ 249 Anni regum britanny 18 which was solemnized with great preparation of sights and plays. Cyprian, Anni regum britanny 19 bishop of Carthage a man of possing devotion, The year of the world 4211 The year of Christ 250 learning and wisdom, was famous. Philip the emperor was slain by Decius at Verone, and his son at Rome. The year of the world 4212 Decius took on him the imperial authority, Anni regum britanny 20 and reigned ii years, The year of Christ 251 he was valiant in arms: but impious toward christian religion. As soon as he was admitted forthwith he published a persecution against the christians. After the martyrdom of Fabian pope, succeeded Cornelius, and lived iii years. In Alexandria Dionysius their bishop was cruelly tormented, and many other martyred and put to death. All kinds of pains were invented, to constrain them to forsake their religion: by which means divers for fear denied Christ, some before their pains, and some in time of their torments: of which many repenting, were after by the counsel of Cyprian, received into the church. Of this occasion sprang the heresy of Novacian, which taught, that they, which had once forsaken their faith, should not be received again to penance. Anni regum britanny 21 Alexander bishop of Jerusalem, was martyred, The year of the world 4213 The year of Christ 252 after whom succeeded Mazabanes. In Antioch Babilas was martyred, and Fabian was made bishop after him. Origene suffered great persecutions and troubles for the faith of christ, on whom Satan left nothing undone, whereby he might hinder christian religion. Nathalake took on him the kingdom of Scotland, by force, murder and tyranny, and trusting to the counsel of witches and inchauntours, was slain of his own servant Murrey, whom of all men he used most familiarly when he had reigned xi years. Decius quieted the commotion in France, and after made war against the Goths, in which he was put to flight and drowned in a river of Thracia, named Abricius, and his son slain in battle. Such is the end of tyrants' and murderers. Anni regum britanny 22 Uibius Gallus was made emperor of the soldiers and his son Uolusianus named Cesar. The year of the world 4214 The year of Christ 253 The Scythes spoiled the provinces of the empire, and slew .100000. men within the walls of one city of Thracia called Hadrianopolis. Gallus bought peace of them with innumerable money, and paid to them tribute to the great reproach of the Roman empire. The Parthians conquered Armenia, expelling the king Tiridates, whose children yielded them to the Partheans. The justice of god revenged the persecution of the Christians, sending a dangerous pestilence, which so raged throughout the empire, that uneath any province, city, or house escaped this general plague. A controversy rose in the church, whether heretics returning to the faith, should be rebaptized or no. This question was chiefly in controversy between Cyrpian, bishop of Carthage, and Cornelius, bishop of Rome. Cyprian affirmed that they should be rebaptized, and Cornelius the contrary. The year of the world 4215 The year of Christ 254 Aemilianus, in the province of Mesia, by treason affected the empire, Anni regum britanny 23 against whom Gallus and his son went forth with an army, & in battle were both sleine. Aemilianus took on him the empire, who being obscurely borne, reigned more obscurely. For in the third month he was slain. Lucius, the xxi bishop of Rome viii months, and after him Stephano ii years. Demetrianus bishop of Antioch. The year of the world 4216 The year of Christ 255 Ualerianus, and his son Galienus, were advanced to the empire: Anni regum britanny 24 This Ualerianus (as Trebellius saith) was a wise and valiant prince, and a right good emperor, only in that unfortunate, that he had a naughty son partaker of the empire. But Eutropius saith, that he was unwise and unmeet for the governance of the empire This is notable that all the noble men, which be made captains over the soldiers in divers provinces, were after the seditious commotions named emperors of the soldiers whom they governed. Sebellius the heretic, denied christ to be the son of god, The year of the world 4218 The year of Christ 257 and said, Anni regum britanny 26 that he was not the first begotten of all creatures. He denied also the understanding of the holy ghost. Ualerianus persecuted the christian people. The year of the world 4219 The year of Christ 258 Ualerianus making war in Mesopotamia, was vanquished and taken prisoner of Sapores king of pierce and there led the residue of his life in most vile servage. Anni regum britanny 27 In so much that Sapores used him for a stool to leap on his horse When Ualerian was thus taken, his son Galienus reigned alone, who never once proffered to revenge the ignominy of his father. This Galienus, for his cruelty and filthy living, riot, and unhonest pleasure, was odious unto all men, and abhorred of all the provinces of the empire. So that in his time were more rebels, which took on them the names of emperors, then had been true emperors from the time of julius Cesar to that day. In France the soldiers, in despite of Galienus, chose a noble man to be emperor, Anni regum britanny 28 called Posthumius. The year of the world 4220 The year of Christ 259 Ingenius was named emperor in Pannonie. Anni regum britanny 29 Odenatus, a valiant captain of the romans, The year of Christ 260 and chief ruler of the country of Surie, called Polmirena, The year of the world 4221 taking on him the name of an emperor, by force of arms recovered to the Romans the city Nisibis, all Mesopotamia, and entered with his host into Ctesiphon: he overthrew Sapores in battle, and put him to flight. The emperor Galienus vanquished and slew Ingenius, which rebelled in Pannonie, and used extreme cruelty toward the soldiers and other inhabitants. Regilleanus was chosen Emperor in Mesia near to Pont. This man, after he had overcome the Sarmarians, was slain of the people called Roxolani. In Illiria, now called Sclauonie, Aureolus obtained the imperial dignitiee. Galienus quieted the persecution that was moved against the Christians. Anni regum britanny 30 The year of the world 4222 The year of Christ 261 Anni regum britanny 1 AT this time happened a great dissension in britain between Asclepiodatus their king, The year of the world 4223 The year of Christ 262 and one Coil Duke of Coilchester: whereby, was arreared a grievous war, in which Asclepiodatus was slain. Coil took on him the kingdom of Britain, and governed the royalme the space of .27. years, of him is no notable thing in writing. Aemilianus, affecting the Empire in Egypt, was taken by Theodotus, whom Galienus sent against him. The Almains spoiled France. Macrianus, being chosen emperor in Sclauonie, was slain of Aureolus, who before had obtained the Empire in those parts. A certain bishop of Egypt, called Nepos, taught, that the kingdom of Christ should be a .1000. years here in earth, Anni regum britanny 2 The year of the world 4224 The year of Christ 263 where the elect should reign in all voluptee and pleasure. Findok, the eldest son of Athirco, was made king of Scots, he kept peace with the romans and britons, and quieted the rebellion of Donalde, a noble man of the Isles, by whose counsel, through the content of his own brother Carance, he was afterward slain, when he had reigned ten years. Grece, Macedon, Ponte, and Asia were vexed and spoiled by often invasions of the Smiths and Goths. The year of the world 4226 The year of Christ marvelous earthquakes in Asia and Italy. A great darkness of the air continued many days together: A great pestilence also reigned in divers countries. Odenatus, having prosperous success against the Persians, obtained the empire of all the east parts. Anni regum britanny 4 This Odenatus profited so much the Empire, that if he had not ruled in the East, the power of the romans had greatly decayed, and the Empire had been subdued by foreign enemies, being it was divided into so many parts within itself. Galienus proclaimed Odenatus to be partaker of the empire, and calling him Augustus, coined money in his name. The year of the world 4227 The year of Christ Odenatus, with his son Herode, Anni regum britanny 5 was slain of Meoneus his cozen germane, who called himself emperor. Posthumius was slain in France by the treason of Lol●ianus, which reigned after him. The year of the world 4228 The year of Christ Paulus Samosatenus, an horrible heretic, taught, Anni regum britanny 6 that Christ took his beginning of ourladye, and was a man only of our common nature. Which heresy was condemned by a general counsel, and Paulus excommunicated. Zebenna, wife of Odenatus, a woman of lusty courage, and of great policy in war, with her ii young lonnes, Herennianus and Timolaus, in despite of Galienus (who consumed his life in lechery and banketring) took on her the governance of the east, and was called Empress. The year of the world 4229 The year of Christ 268 Uictorinus, Anni regum britanny 7 which ruled in France with Posthumius slew Lollianus, and retained the dominion of France alone. But for his hordome and adultery he was slain of the people. Then Marcus reigned there only .3. days, and after him Tetricus. The year of the world 4230 The year of Christ Tetricus was vanquished of Aurolus emperor of Anni regum britanny 8 Sclauonie, which aided Galienus in divers batailles against them, which rebelled in France. Not long after▪ variance happened between Galienus and Aureolus for the imperial aucthritie, so that deadly war was arreared: in the end whereof Aureolus slew Galienus and his brother Ualerian, near to M●llaine. Anni regum britanny 9 Claudius obtained the empire of Rome, and was named of the soldiers, The year of the world 4231 The year of Christ 270 chosen and confirmed of the Senate, and reigned one year and 9 months, for his valiant prows, excellent and princely virtues, he deserved great praise of the Romans. For he restored the empire, which by divers commotions was grievously shaken in the reign of Galienus. The emperor Claudius overcame Aureolus, which in the country of Pannonie had usurped the empire a long space. he vainquished also the terrible hosts of the Scythes and Goths. In which .320000. of divers countries of the Barbarous people had taken arms against the Romans, and had also on the sea .2000. ships, of which army a wonderful multitude were taken and slain by Claudius and his captains, both on the water and on the land. Anni regum britanny 10 Claudius subdued the Sarmatians and germans. The people of Surie, named Palmirens, The year of the world 4232 The year of Christ 271 warred upon the Egyptians: but Claudius recovered Egypt to the empire, and shortly there upon finished his life. Quintil●us, a noble young man, and brother of Claudius, reigned only .17. days, and was slain of the soldiers at Aquileia. Aurelianus, for his valiant prows and expertness in martial policy, Anni regum britanny 11 was made emperor. The year of the world 4233 The year of Christ 272 He of nature was severe and rigorous, but a diligent and sharp corrector of dissolute manners. The people said, that he was a good physician, saving that he gave to bitter medicines. This man, being sick, never sent for physician, but cured himself with abstinence. he overcame the Sarmacians, and the people of Germany, called Marcomanni, which spoilt the city of Milan. Anni regum britanny 12 In Thratia and Illaria, the emperor vanquished the Goths, and slew their Duke Cannabam. The year of the world 4234 The year of Christ 273 He conquered Bithynia, and recovered Theana. near to Emessa he over came Zebennia, or Zenobia, which named herself empress of the east, and besieging the city Palmirena, took and brought her prisoner in triumph to Rome. Donalde king of Scots one year, he was taken in battle by Donalde of the Isles, and shortly after died. Ualerius subdued a Roman Duke called Firmius, Anni regum britanny 13 which by treason affected the empire in Egypt. The year of the world 4235 The year of Christ 274 After the death of king donald great trouble was in scotland. For donald of the Isles took on him the crown, and used much tyranny the space of .12. years, he never loughe but when he hard of the discord and saughter of his nobles, and therefore in the end for his purveyance was slain of Craithline the son of Findoke, with .200. of his naughty counsellors. Eusebius, bishop of Laodicea was famous. Tetricus, which was named emperor in France, yielded him and his host to Aurelianus. The emperor Aurelianus fortified the walls of Rome, and so augmented the city, The year of the world 4236 The year of Christ 275 Anni regum britanny 14 that it was in compass fifty miles. he published a persecution against the Christians. And shortly after, going with an army against the Persians, between Heraclea and Byzance, was slain of his secretary Mnesta●us. Tacitus was emperor .6. months, Anni regum britanny 16 and after him Florinus his brother ii months: The year of the world 4238 The year of Christ 277 which both being chosen of the Senate, were slain of the soldiers, the one at Ponte, the other at Tarsis. The year of the world 4239 Uraranes king of Perse. The year of Christ 278 Probus the emperor reigned .6. years and .4. months he is numbered among the most renowned princes. Anni regum britanny 17 And was famous in martial affairs as well when he was private, as after he had obtained the imperial authority. he quieted France, subdued the Germans, and slew of them .400000. The year of the world 4240 The year of Christ 279 Manes, author of the sect of Manichees, Anni regum britanny 18 was in these days. He was a Persian borne, in manners rude and barbarous, and of a fierce and cruel nature, and without all modesty, he endeavoured to persuade the people, that he represented the form of christ. sometimes he said, that he was Paraclitus, that is the true comforter, that was promised by Christ. His followers denied christ to have taken very flesh. They rejected also the old testament, and part of the new. Probus the emperor in Illiria, subdued the Samaricians. Anni regum britanny 19 In Thrace the Goths by composition, yielded to him. The year of the world 4241 The year of Christ 280 Passing into Asia he slew the notable robber Palfurius▪ and overcame the monstrous people called Blemie which have no heads, but their eyes and mouths in their breasts. He restored joppes and Ptolom●is to the empire, and made peace with Narseus' king of Parthe. He vanquished also Saturnius, which traitorously rebelled in Alexandria. Cirillus bishop of Antioch was famous, whose works we have at this day. Anni regum britanny 20 The year of the world 4242 The year of Christ 281 Proculus and Bonosus named themselves emperors at Agrippina in France, but they were quickly subdued by Probus, which in all hast led against them a strong army. Anni regum britanny 22 Probus, by the labour of his soldiers, The year of Christ 283 caused the great hill in Syrmia, called Almus, The year of the world 4244 & the mount Aureus in Mesia, to be set with v●●es: Not long after he was slain of his soldiers, because he made them to labour so sore, and not so much as in winter suffered them to be at rest. It was his saying also, that soldiers ought not to spend corn and victual, except they laboured to profit the common weal. Anni regum britanny 23 Carus was made emperor of the soldiers: The year of the world 4245 he with his son Numerianus, The year of Christ 284 a young man of great towardness took in hand the wars that Probus had prepared for against the Persians, and when he had obtained all the land lying between Euphrates and Tigris, without resistance of any adversary, purposing to extend further the bounds of the Roman empire (as some write) was slain with lightning. Numerianus his son (whose eyes were sore for weapinge for his father's death) was murdered by ●per his wife's father. Dioclesian succeeded Carus in the empire, The year of the world 4247 and reigned 22. years. Anni regum britanny 25 The year of Christ 286 He descended but of a base and unknown family: in so much that he was supposed to be the son of a notary. Of wit he was sharp, quick, and subtle of nature given to cruelty. In politic affairs, studious, and diligent, toward christian religion, impious and cruel. At the first entre with his own hands he slew Aper, the murderer of Numerianus: and not long after in a ieopardus battle, vanquished and slew Carinus the younger son of Carus, which for his cruelty and filthy life was detested of all men. Craithlint, the son of Findoke, after the death of Donalde the tyrant, was made king of Scots, and reigned .24. years with great wisdom and justice. In his time happened great variance between the Pictes and Scots (which continued friends from the time of Fegus the first king of Scots to these days) for stealing of a greyhound, whereof ensue great murder and slaughter of men on both parts. After that Dioclesian was advanced to the governance of the empire, The year of the world 4248 The year of Christ 287 Anni regum britanny 29 there happened divers commocions in sundry provinces, wherefore fearing that he alone should not be able to sustain the travail of so many jeopardies, he made Maximian, surnamed Herculeus partaker of the empire, and sent him into Gallia, to quiet the commotion which was moved by Amandus and Aelianus: whom he easily vanquished, and for that time brought France into a quietness. Polidore and the latin historiographers refer the story of Carausius, Alectus, and Asclepiodatus, to this time. And the Scottish history saith, that he was a noble man of the Scots and uncle to king Crailin●e, but let the reader follow his own judgement, and that shall seem to him most veritable. COnstantius a duke of Rome, Anni regum britanny was sent into Britain to recover the tribute, The year of Christ 289 shortly after whose arrival Coil, which than was king died, wherefore the Britain's, to have more surety of peace, willed this Duke to take to wife Helena, the daughter of Coil, which was a wonderful fair maiden, and therewith well learned. This Constantius when he had recovered the tribute, returned with his wife Helena to Rome, as chief rulerof Britain. Because of divers wars that rose in many provinces, the ii emperors chose to them ii other noble men, Galerius and Constantius (which was before sent to Britain) to help them in their affairs, Anni regum britanny 3 The year of the world 4252 The year of Christ whom they called Caesar's. Galerius was sent into the east parts against the Persians▪ Constantius had the tuition of France. Dioclecian, after he had subdued Achilleus, The year of the world 4253 The year of Christ 292 that rebelled in Egipte, Anni regum britanny 4 conquered and utterly destroyed two noble and rich cities, called Busiris and Copon, he subdued also the cite of Alexandria, and put many of the noble men to death. Anni regum britanny 10 Arms king of pierce, The year of Christ 298 troubled the countries of Armon●e and Mesopotamia with deadly war. The year of the world 4259 This Nurse's had a son so beastly cruel, that when his father gave unto him a pavilion of camels skins, sumptuously wrought between with gold, and demanded whether it pleased him, he answered: that it would please him much better, if he might be king, that he might make a more gorgeous pavilion of men's skins. Constantius in France proved Fortune in one day to be both frowned and favourable. For at the first he was chased, and so egrelye pursued of the Almains, that uneath he himself might be drawn by a cord over the walls of the city L●ng●●●: And within less than v, hours her host was augmented, and he slew of the Almains wel● near .40. thousand whereby their power was greatly decayed, and France in more quiet. Anni regum britanny 11 Galerius which was sent against the Persians, The year of the world 4260 The year of Christ 299 being vanquished in battle, fled to Dioclecian, of whom he was so ungently received, that when he met him in his journey, the space of a mile that he ran by his chariot, he had not of him a word. But Galerius, being nothing therewith discomforted, repaired his army, and in Armenia the greater overthrow the Persians, conquered all Assyria, brought in subjection five provinces beyond the river Tigris, and returned to the emperor with great spoil. Anni regum britanny Dioclecian and Maximinian triumphed for their great victories▪ The year of the world 4264 The year of Christ 309 after which triumph Dioclecian gave commandment, that he would be worshipped as a god, saying, that he was brother to the son and the moon: and adourning his showe● with gold and precious stones commanded the people to kiss his feet. The year of the world 4265 The year of Christ 204 By the just judgement of god, Anni regum britanny 16 for certain enormities used in the church, the greatest and most grievous persecution of the Chrystianes' was moved by Dioclesian: who in the month of March, when the feast of Easter was nigh at hand, commanded all the churches of the Christians to be spoiled and cast to the earth, and the books of holy scripture to be burned: and that all Christian men, that were of any authority should be (as it were) disgraded and remain as persons infamous. And furthermore, that no servant, remaining in the faith, should be made free, that all prelate's and chief ministers of the church, should be with all torments constrained to worship Idols. This persecution continued .10. years. Dioclecian, and (by his counsel) Maximinian, gave up the imperial authority, The year of the world 4268 The year of Christ 207 Anni regum britanny 19 and led the residue of their life as private persons. Constantius and Galerius, which before were named Caesar's, The year of the world 4269 The year of Christ 208 succeeded in the empire: Anni regum britanny 20 between whom the governance thereof was thus divided, that Galerius should rule in Illiria, Asia, and all the east parts: and Constantius in italy, Spain, France, Britain and africa. But he was a moderate and wise prince refused Africa and italy, and retained only Spain, France, and Britain. This Constantius was a man of great affabilitee, clemency and gentleness, and there with very liberal, indevoiringe alway to enrich his subjects, little regarding his own treasure, thinking that to be his that the commons had. Wherefore he said, that it was better that private persons had the comen treasure, to the use of the weal public, than to be locked up in princes coffers. In festival days▪ when he had his nobles to any banquet, he borrowed plate of his friends to furnish his cubbourdes. Galerius the other emperor, was of manners right commendable saving that he was cruel toward Christian people. For which cause he was stricken of God with extreme and vile sickness, as after shall appear. Galerius chose by adoption ii noble men, of which Maximinian he made governor of the east, and Severus of Ital●e and Africa. Anni regum britanny 21 While this Severus was absent from Rome, The year of the world 4270 The year of Christ 309 the soldiers chose one Maxentius, the son of Maximinian, to be emperor: Against whom when Severus came with an army▪ being forsaken of his own soldiers, he was constrained to flee, and near to Ravenna was taken and slain. This Maxentius was a cruel tyrant. Of his incontinence and other vices be many examples in the history named Tripartita. COnstantius died in York, after whom Constantine succeeded, Anni regum britanny 1 as well in the kingdom of Britain, The year of the world 4271 The year of Christ 310 as in the governance of other realms▪ that were subject before to his father. This Constantine was a right noble & valiant prince, & son of Helena, woman of great sanctimony, and borne in Britain. He was so mighty in martial prows, that he was surnamed the great Constantine. And had the faith of Christ in such reverence, that alway most studiously he endevoired to augment the same. In witness of his belief he caused a book of the gospels to be carried before him: And made the bible to be copied out, and sent into all parts of the empire. Of this man the kings of Britain had first the privilege to wear close crowns or Dyademes Galerius, emperor of the east, when he hard of the death of his captain Severus, made Licinius partaker of the empire. This Licinius in feats of arms was expert and cunning: but he hated learning so extremely, that he said, it was a pestilence and poison in the common weal. Finc●rmake, after the death of his cousin Cairthquint, was ordained king of Scots, and reigned seven and forty years. Anni regum britanny 2 Maximinian Herculius, The year of the world 4272 desiring to be emperor again, came to Rome, The year of Christ 311 and by privy means endeavoured to defeite his own son Maxentius of the empire. But he was rejected of the soldiers, & driven from Rome. Wherefore he fled into France to Constantine his son in law, whom also to slay he laid in weight traitorously, opening▪ his pretended malice to Fausta his daughter the wife of Constantine. But she abhorring the impious mind of her father, disclosed the matter to her husband: who commanded Herculius to be taken and slain. The year of the world 4274 The year of Christ 312 In the ten year of the persecution, Anni regum britanny 4 Galerius the chief minister thereof, fell into a wonderful sickness, having a sore risen in the neither part of his belly, which consumed his privy membres: from whence swarmed great plenty of worms, which were engendered of the putrefaction. This disease could not be helped with any surgery or physic. Wherefore he confessed, that it happened for his cruelty toward the Christians, and called in his proclamations, which he had published against them. But notwithstanding he died miserably, and (as some writ) not susteininge the stench of his own sore, slew himself. Maximinus, which a little before had taken on him the name of an emperor in the east, kept secret the commandments of Galerius: wherein he forbade the persecution of the Christians: and after his death most cruelly tormented them in every place. And to the intent to corrupt the youth▪ he feigned acts of pilate and Christ, which he caused to be openly read to children in their schools. Ormisda, the son of Narses, king of Persians, kept war with his brother for the kingdom, and being put to the worse, fled to the Romans. Constantine came with a part of his army against Marentius, The year of the world 4276 The year of Christ 315 Anni regum britanny 6 which vexed the Romans with grievous exaction and tribute. When he was in his journey, by a vision in the night, he saw the sign of the cross in the element, shining like fire, and an angel thereby saying in this w●se: Constantine, in this sign thou shal●e overcome. Wherewith he being greatly comforted, shortly after vanquis●hed the army of Marenti●s: who fleeing out of the battle, was drowned in Tiber. Maximinus, which did persecute the Christians in the east parties, warred against Licin●us: of whom he was overthrown, and as he was preparing for an other battle, ended his life miserably, of a pain in the guts, whereby the empire was only under the dominion of Constantine and Licin●us, which was before divided in iiii parts. Licinius, obtaining the dominion of Asia, restored the Christians from banishment. Anni regum britanny 7 The year of the world 4277 The year of Christ 316 Dioclecian finished his last day near to Solonae, before his death, when he was enticed by Herculius to take on him again the imperial authority, he answered in this wise: if you did see the herbs, which I have planted and set here with my own hands, you would never desire to be emperor again. Crispus, and Constantius, The year of the world 4278 The year of Christ 317 the sons of Constantine and Licinius his nephew, Anni regum britanny 8 were made Caesar's. Lactantius was famous and wrote his work, The year of the world 4279 The year of Christ 318 De divinis institutionibus, Anni regum britanny 9 to Constantine the emperor. Constantine forbade all persecution of the Christians. The year of the world 4280 The year of Christ 319 Anni regum britanny 10 Licinius, emperor of the east, The year of the world 4281 The year of Christ 320 persecuted the Christians, Anni regum britanny 11 and expelled them out of his palace, pretending this cause, that they prayed more for the prosperous succeasse of Constantine, than for him. Ba●ilius bishop of Amasia in Ponte, was martyred. The year of the world 4282 The year of Christ 321 Anni regum britanny 12 Constantine ordained the sunday to be kept holy: The year of the world 4283 The year of Christ 322 and that men vacant from other occupations, Anni regum britanny 13 should employ themself only to prayer. Eustathius bishop of Antioch. The year of the world 4284 The year of Christ 323 Anni regum britanny 14 Arrius, priest in the church of Alexandria, began first this heresy, that the son in deity was not equal with the father, nor of the same substance, but only a mere creature. Unto this error he induced a great part of the world, being than chrystened, and many famous clerks and great learned men. Arrius was excommunicated by Alexandre, which was than bishop of Alexandria. A noble man, called Alexander, in a commotion at Carthage was named emperor, and shortly after was subdued by a company of a soldiers, that Constantine sent against him. Anni regum britanny 16 Civil war between the emperors Constantine and Licinius▪ The first battle was fought in Hungary, The year of the world 4286 The year of Christ 325 where Licinius was overthrown: than he fled into Macedon: and repairing his army, was again disco●mfited. Finally, being vanquished both by sea and land, he lastly at Nicomedia yielded himself to Constantine, and was commanded to live a private life in Thessaly, where he was slain of the soldiers. Helena, the mother of Constantine, at Jerusalem found the cross, on the which Christ suffered his passion, and the iii nails, wherewith his feet and hands were pierced. The year of the world 4288 At Nicena was called a general counsel, Anni regum britanny 18 in the which the emperor Constantine was present, The year of Christ 327 with .318. by shops: by whom was determined against Arrius, that the son was equal with the father, which decree was confirmed by the emperor: and Arrius with vi other bishops, banished. In this counsel, when certain bishops would have ordained, that priests should not thence forth company with their own wives, Paphnucius, a man of great virtue and learning, vehemently withstood their minds, saying: that it would be cause of howredome and adultery. Octavius, Duke of jesses', or west saxons, whom Constantine made lieu●tenant in Britain, rebelled: and endeavoured to expel the Romans out of the land, whereof when Constantine had knowledge, he set against him a Duke, named Traherne, with certain legions of soldiers: after whose arrival in Britain was fought a fierce battle, near to Winchester, in which Traherne was put to the worse, and constreigned to flee toward scotland: whom Octamus followed▪ and in Westmer land gave to him the second battle, in which Octavius was chased, and Traherne was victor, who pursued him so eagerly, that Octavius forsook the land, and sailed to Norway. octavius, repairing his army, Anni regum britanny 1 came again into Britain: but in the meanetyme an Earl, which favoured his party, The year of the world 4290 The year of Christ 329 by treason murdered the forenamed Traherne, and than Octavius (called in the englis●he chronicles Octavian) reigned in this land, at the least .54. years. In which time (as saith the Scottish history he was troubled with often wars by the Romans. Polidore sayeth, that this realm was in good quiet all the time of Constantine and his successors, until the .v. year of Gracian, and maketh no mention of this Octavius, which thing I speak not for any reproach to Polidore (whom I know right well to have followed most certain and commendable auctors) but only to show to the reader the diversity of histories. Crispus the son of Constantine, and the younger Licinius his nephew, with many other noble men, by the envious suggestion of Fausta, the emperors wife, were unjustly put to death. Constantine according to the custom of the Romans, solemnized the twentieth year of his reign with great banquets and feasts: at the which were all the bishops and priests that assembled in the counsel of Nicene. Arnobius the Rhetorician, flourished in Africa, and wrote divers books of christian religion. Constantine repaired Drebena, The year of the world 4291 The year of Christ 330 a city of Bithynia and called it Heleonoples after his mother's name. Anni regum britanny 2 At Antioch the Arrians were of such power, The year of Christ 331 that they had the rule of all the church and banished their bishop Eustathius. Anni regum britanny 3 The year of the world 4292 Constantine, perceiving that his wife Fausta had caused him for false pretended causes, to put to death his son Crispus, with other of the nobility, commanded her to be beheaded. Iwencus, a priest of Spain, The year of the world 4293 The year of Christ 332 wrote the gospels in heroical verses. Anni regum britanny 4 Athanasius was ordained bishop of Alexandria, The year of the world 4294 The year of Christ 333 a man in holiness of life and great learning, Anni regum britanny 5 very excellent: and for the faith of christ sustained many and great persecutions of the Arrians. For when in the counsel holden at Laodicea, and other places, with most puissant arguments he confounded their heresy, he steered almost the whole world against him, which at that time was infected with that devilish error. The emperor repaired and augmented Byzance, a city of Thrace, and named it constantinenople. He conveyed from all parts of the world the most notable and fair imagery, tables, peintinges, caruinge, to adorn and garnish the same. Co●stantine gave large gifts and yearly renenewes to the maintenance of the clergy and preachers. The year of the world 4295 The year of Christ 334 S●●or king of the Persians, Anni regum britanny 6 persecuted the professors of Christ's religion: at which time were .16000. Christians martyred. Constantine wrote to the king of Persee, willing him no more to persecute the christan people. Antonius the eremite was famous. The year of the world 4296 The year of Christ 335 The temples of the gentiles were destroyed by the commandment of the emperor Constantine. Anni regum britanny 7 The year of the world 4297 The year of Christ 336 The Romans overcame the Goths in Sarmatia. Anni regum britanny 8 A wonderful pestilence and famine, wherewith an innumerable multititude miserably perished in Surie, Cilicia, & other places, which was justly sent of god, for the extreme cruelty that was (not long afore) exercised against the Christians among all nations. The year of the world The year of Christ 339 Constantine was baptised of Eusebius bishop of Nicomedia: Anni regum britanny 11 and shortly after ended his life in the same city, and was buried at Constant●nenople. ●fter his death the empire was divided again into three parts, between his iii sons. The year of Christ 340 Constantius reigned, with his brethren, Anni regum britanny 12 & after their decease .24. years. The year of the world In manners he was indifferent, of nature vn●p●e to generation, very temperate in living. He made a law, that pheasauntes, and other like delicate meats, should not be used in feasts, it is said, he did never spette. In judgements he was just and righteous: but he savoured the sect of Arrians, and therefore was always cruel toward the catholic bishops. The year of the world 4302 The year of Christ 341 Athanasius, which before was banished: Anni regum britanny 13 by the help of the younger Constantine, that ruled in france, was restored again to his bishopric. But he tarried not long therein quiet. For the Arrians had infected Constantius, emperor of the east, and caused him to expel Athanasius again from Alexandria. The church at this time was in miserable state and condition, for in every city were men of divers sects, opinions, and doctrines, which most infestly did persecute each other: and specially the Arrians so furiously raged, that many commotions and frays were made by them even in the churches and houses of prayer, and not a few men slain. Which ruffling and business alienated many of the gentiles from the faith, and caused them to return to their idolatry. Sapor, king of Persee, wasted and spoiled Mesopotamia. Anni regum britanny 14 Many cities in Asia, and the east parts, were overthrown with earthquakes. The year of the world 4303 The year of Christ 342 Anni regum britanny Constans fought against the Danes and Samaritians, and overcame them. The year of the world 4304 The year of Christ 343 Constantine, which ruled in France and Spain, being not contented with his portion of the empire, but desiring to be lord over all, made war against his brother Constans in italy, and was slain of the soldiers, that his brother sent to appease his malice, near to the city Aquileta, whereby Constans alone obtained the dominion of the west. Arrius (whose mischievous heresy had caused much ruffling in the church) about this time finished his life miserably, avoiding his guts at his fundament; as he was doing the needs of nature, a little before he should have disputed openly with the devout and great clerk Alexandre bishop of Constantinople. Macedonius, a priest of Constantinople, taught that the holy ghost was a creature and no god. Anni regum britanny 16 The year of the world 4305 The year of Christ 344 Between this man and one Paulus was great strife, Anni regum britanny 18 The year of the world 4307 The year of Christ 346 whether of them should succeed Alexander in the bishopric of Constantinople: so that Hermogines master of the chivalry. was slain of the people, when he came with the emperors authority to stablish Macedon, whom the Arryans' favoured. Sapor, king of Pe●see, vexed the Christian people. with a grievous persecution. Eusebius, being ordained bishop of Constantinople by Constancius the emperor, favoured the Arrians exceedingly: and caused a counsel to be holden at Antioch, where for so much as the more part were Arrians, their doctrine was allowed, and unjust sentence given against Athanasius, for false accusations. An earthquake in divers places, and specially in Antioch, where it continued the space of a whole year. Athanasius fled to Constans emperor of the West: of whom he was gently received, and by his help restored to his byshopric of Alexandria. A counsel was holden at Sardis: where. 30●. bishops approved the acts of Nicene counsel. The year of the world 4310 The year of Christ 349 Anni regum britanny 21 But the bishop● of the east refused to be in their company, and assembled them at Philopolis: where they cursed the sentence of the foresaieb counsel of Nicene. Constancius had evil fortune in his wars against the Persians. The year of the world 4311 The year of Christ 350 Anni regum britanny 22 For he encountered them in eight great battles, in the which he was always put to the worse: and in this year, when he had almost obtained the victory, and had them at a great vantage, by the foolish rasshenesse of his soldiers, he was put to flight, and constreigned to make a dyshonourable peace, with loss of many great cities, as Singara, Bizadda, Amida, and Nicibis. Constans, giving him to voluptie and pleasure, Anni regum britanny 24 was slain in a city named Helena, The year of the world 4313 The year of Christ 352 of his own Duke Magnentius: which after took on him imperial authority at Augusta in France. Constancius in the east hearing of the death of his brother, prepared for war against Magnentius, and ordained Calius his kinsman lieutenant in the east parts, where he practised great cruelty. The year of the world 4314 The year of Christ 353 Constancius yet ones again, by the exciting of the Arrians, did persecute Athanasius, Anni regum britanny 25 and drove him from Alexandria. Britannion, an ancient captain, was named emperor in a commotion of the people of Iliria. In like manner Neopocianus was chosen emperor at Rome in a seditious conspiracy of the soldiers: and was slain by the treason of Heraclides, who favoured Magnentius, which usurped imperial authority in France. Bretannion, leaving of his purple and other imperial insignes, submitted himself to Constancius the emperor, and desired paroon: which he easily obtained, and was received with great favour and gentleness. Anni regum britanny 26 The year of the world 4315 The year of Christ 354 Magnentius, going with an army against Constancyus committed the tuition of France to his brother Decentius: and at Mursa was vanquished and put to flight In that battle were slain .54000. fighting men: whereby the puissance of the Roman empire was sore appaired. Anni regum britanny 27 Magnentius was discomfited and overthrown the second time: The year of the world 4316 The year of Christ 355 and therefore in a furious rage or madness wounded his brother Desiderius, slew many of his friends, and lastly killed himself with his own weapon. His other brother Derentius did hauge himself at Senone. Photinus' denied the divinity of Christ, and taught that he was not before the carnal conception of our lady, A counsel was assembled at Sirmium, where the said heresy of Photine was condemned. Gallus, The year of the world 4317 The year of Christ 356 with great tyranny oppressed the jews and slew of them many thousands. Anni regum britanny 28 He burned also Diocesaria, Tiberiadis, and Diospolis, with divers other towns. Wherefore Constancius the emperor deprived him of all authority, and after he had vanished him, commanded his head to be stricken of. Cond●nnous and U●demacus, kings of Almaigne, wasted the borders of France, The Romans made peace with the Almains. Anni regum britanny 29 S●por, king of Persee, calenged Armonie, The year of the world 4318 The year of Christ and besieged the city Nicibis. Constancius took julianus by adoption, and gave his sister to him in marriage: he made him Cesar, and committed to his tuition the country of France. Chondomarius, Uestralpos, Urius U●sicinus, Serapeon, and Oratorius kings of Almain. Anni regum britanny 30 Silvanus, being made Cesar in France, The year of the world 4319 The year of Christ 358 by a rebellion of the soldiers was slain, before he had reigned three months. Actiu●, a sophister, endeavoured by sophistical Syllogisms to prove and confirm the Arrians doctrine. After the death of Fincormake king of Scots, because his heirs were but children, fierce war was reared between two noble men called Angustiane, and Romak, for the governance of the realm. Whereof ensued much trouble and ruffling in the realm of scotland: And great displeasure thereby was engendered between the Scots and Pictes. For so much as Romak by their aid, took on him the kingdom, and used great cruelty iii years. julian overcame the Almains in France, and by knightly force drove them beyond the Rhine. The year of the world 4320 The year of Christ 359 Anni regum britanny 31 He recovered Agrippina, and delivered .1100. Romans, which by law of arms served the Almains. near to Argentine he utterly vanquished the whole power of the Almains: and after that great victory, was of the soldiers called emperor and Augustus: wherewith Constancius was grievously disposed, and commanded him by ambassadors to refuse those names, which were proffered to him by the soldiers. Uictorinus, the Rhetorician, and Donatus the Grammarian, were famous. Through out Asia and Pont was a great and continual earthquake. The year of the world 4321 The year of Christ 360 Anni regum britanny 32 The emperor vanquished the Sarmacians, and the people called Quadi. The year of the world 4322 The year of Christ 361 A counsel was assembled at Arminium, in the which 200. bishops of the west established the counsel of Nicene. But the Arrians would not agree thereto. Anni regum britanny 33 The bishops of the east, by the commandment of Constancius, held a counsel at Nicomedia, and from thence were transferred to Seleucia, and there endeavoured to confirm the heresy of the Arrians. Sapor, king of the Persians, with a great army besieged and took Amida, and slew many of the Romans. julianus the Cesar, led an arm y against the Almains, which by force had taken and possessed certain citiees, wherein he had reserved corn and victuals: and chased them in such wise, that their kings were fain to desire peace: which after entreatee was to them granted. The emperor overcame the Sarmacians, yet once again rebelling. Singara and Bambyca, noble and great cities, were taken, and certain legions of the Roman soldiers slain, Anni regum britanny 34 by Sapor king of the Persians. The year of the world 4323 The year of Christ When the nobles of scotland had slain the tyrant Romak, Angusiane was ordained king: between whom and the Pictes was great war for the death of Romak, in the end whereof both Angusiane and Nectanus, king of Pictes, were slain. Than was Fethelmak crowned king, which vanquished the Pictes, and was after slain in his bed by ii Pictes, which were his servants▪ Macedon, bishop of Constantinople, practised extreme crueltiee in the church, constreigning the Christian men to receive the communion with the Arrians, in such wise, that if women or children refused to do the same, he did either cut of their paps, or by such other cruel torments, force them thereto. He caused much tumultee and business in the church. julian, being constrained of the soldiers at Paris in France, took on him the name of Augustus and imperial authority. Anni regum britanny 35 Constancius departed out of this life, in a city called Mopsocris, Anni regum britanny 36 between Cilicia and Cappadocia. The year of the world 4324 The year of Christ julian succeeded Constancius in the empire, The year of the world 4325 The year of Christ 364 and reigned ii years, he was but of small stature, of wit apt to learning, eloquence and knowledge of sciences. In many points he was esteemed like to Titus: in success of war and martial prows he was compared to Trajan: in clemency and gentleness to Antonine, in moderation and temperate soberness to Aurelius: and in study of good letters even to the chief phylosophiers. When he was young, he so profited in Christian learning, that he read openly holy scripture in Nicomedia. But after, by the counsel and company of Libanius the Rhetorycian, he fell again to the idolatry of the Pagenes, and is therefore called Apostara, that is, one that forsaketh his profession. He did not persecute the Christians with so open cruelty as other princes had done, but abstained from bloodshed, and endeavoured by crafty means to withdraw them from their belief: advaunsing them to honour and dignity, which did forsake Christ: and leaning them as vile and abject slaves, that continued in their religion. In his time were many godly and well learned men, which withstood both his crafty assaults and pein●ted philosophy: among the which was Apollinaris, that wrote a book to julian. julian gave commandment, that Christian men should not be traded and brought up in the knowledge of good letters, saying▪ that he and his adherentes philosophers were wounded with their own feathers. He opened again the temples of idols. Athanasius, which was returned from banishment to Alexandria. by the intercession of soothsayers and Nicro nanciars, was by julian expelled again from the city. julian, and the jews, endeavoured to build again the temple of Jerusalem in despite of the Christias: but they were prohibited and letted of God with tempests, winds, lightnings and earthquakes: by the which many of them were slain, and their work destroyed. julian, going against the Persians, spoiled Asstrie, and conquered many towns and cities. And at length pressing casshely into battle among his enemies, was slain. At which time (as it is written) when he had received his deaths wound, he taking his hand full of blood▪ and casting it into the air, said in this wise: Vicisti Galilee, that is, O thou man of Galilei, thou hast the upper hand, meaning of Christ, whom he called always galileus. junian (a godly man, which had suffered great reproach for the faith of Christ in the time of julian) was chosen emperor of the soldiers in their extreme necessity, The year of the world 4327 The year of Christ 366 who refused that authority a good space, saying, Anni regum britanny 38 that he being a Christian, could not be governor of Pagans and Infidels, at which time the whole hosts with one dayce cr●●d, we be Christians, and forsake utterly our idolatry. This Iwian being put to the worse in a battle or ●●●aine against the persians, of necessity was constrained to make a dishonourable peace for beside the loss of .v. provinces beyond the river Tigris, he was bounden not to aid the king of harmony their sworn friend to which thing the Romans were never constrained before that day. Iwian called from banishment the bishops, which were exiled in the time of Constancius and julian, and shortly after finished his life of an ague, when he head reigned viii months About this time one Eugenius was made king of Scots. Here the Scottish history maketh a long process of the fierce and cruel war that he kept against Maxymus the Roman captain, and the Pictes and Britain's, which I think to be of no more credit than the residue of their history, that they have feigned from the beginning. For undoubtedly if they had put the Romans to so much trouble, as their chronicles show, both in the time of the conquest and after: Cesar, Tacitus, Ptolemei, Pliny, and other would have made some mention of the Scots, as they did of the Trinobantes, Cenimagnes, Segontiaces, Bidrices, brigants, Silutes, I●cenes and divers other. Valentinian followed in the empire, and reigned .xx years. Anni regum britanny 39 He was a very good emperor, The year of the world 4328 The year of Christ 367 comely in visage and countenance, of a goodly parsonage, and had a sharp and fine wit, in manners most like to Aurelius of nature severe and grave, infest against vice, specially covetousness. In his communicatyon he was clean and peked: and of custom spoke but seldom. In all his acts he observed opportunity of time and place with great discretion: and was very cunning in peyncting caruinge, and making images of wax or clay. He favoured much Christian religion, and was a great maintainer thereof. He made his brother Ualens' partaker of the empire, and committed to him the east Procopius by treason usurped imperial authority in Bythinia. In Phrigia the soldiers of Procopius forsook him and went to Ualens: Anni regum britanny 40 The year of the world 4329 The year of Christ 368 by which means Procopius was taken bounden, delivered to the emperor, and by his commandment beheaded. Ualens was baptized of Eudoxus, a bishop of the Arrians, which being in great favour in the emperors court, wrought much trouble to the catholic bishops, Ualens went with an army against the Goths which passing the river Danuby, overrode the country of Thrace. Al Constantinople fell hailstones of wonderful bigness, with which many men were slain. In France will descended from the air mixed with rain. Valentinian made Gratian his son Augustus. The frenchmen, about this time, first obtained their name of Valentinian, to be called Franci, that is fierce and valiant, because they chased the Ataines out of the marshes and fens of Meotides: and for that deed he forgave them ten years tribute. They were called before Sicambri, and had their beginning of the Trojans A very great earthquake in Bithynia, which overthrew the city Nicaea. The year of the world 4331 The year of Christ 270 Anni regum britanny 42 The doctrine of the heretics, named messalianis, began, The year of the world 4332 The year of Christ 371 which denied the grace of Baptism, and said, Anni regum britanny 43 the holy ghost came only by prayer. The followers of this heresy gave them to sleep and idleness and called their dreams prophecies. Basilius was famous, a man of incomparable virtue and learning, borne in Cappadocia. He was taught of his father as well grammar as other learnings called Quadri●ialles. afterward he went to Athenes, where whiles he exactly studied in philosophy, Gregorius, called Nazianzen, being than wholly dedicate to the study of scripture, and loving Basile entirely, came into the school, where he read in a cheer, and taking him by the hand brought him to a monastery, where leyinge a part all books of philosophy, they only intended to reading of scripture: at length dividing themselves Basile went about Ponte, teaching the people the true faith, and at this time was made bishop of Cesaria. Valentinian the emperor married an other wife, Anni regum britanny 44 and therefore published a law, The year of the world 4333 The year of Christ 372 that who so would, might take two, wives. The kingdom of Spain took his beginning of one Athanaricus: Athanaricus otherwise called Alaricus king of Goths persecuted the christians, and with extreme cruelty drove them out of his realm to the Romans. Athanasius, somewhat before this time, The year of the world 4334 The year of Christ 333 fled from Alexandria, Anni regum britanny 45 and lay hide vi years continually in a dry sesterne, where he never saw the son shine. But than was he discovered by a maiden: and fled eftsoons by the help of god, and wandered abroad the world, not withstanding that princes, the people and their hosts did persecute him: bringing also a common harlot, which affirmed, that he had accompanied with her: but he, sustaining all things with a wonderful patience, about this time died, after he had been bishop at Alexandria .46. years. Eunomius, a great heretic of the sect of Arrius, whereto he added also of his own malice, Anni regum britanny 48 The year of the world 4337 The year of Christ 334 that the son was in all points unlike god the father: and that the holy ghost had no meddling with the father nor with the son. Moreover, he affirmed, that all they, which kept the faith that he taught; should be faved, had they committed never so great a sin, and continued therein. Mania queen of the saracenes, a woman of valiant courage (which in divers battles had overthrown the power of the Romans in Palestine) made peace with the emperors, The saxons and Burgonnions, vexing the people of France, were chased and subdued of Valentinian the emperor. Ambrose bishop of Milleine, was famous He was of such holiness such gentleness, Anni regum britanny 49 The year of the world 4338 The year of Christ 337 such excellent wisdom that not only in his life time, but also after his death, he was had throughout the world in honour and reverence. He was a Roman borne, of a noble and ancient house, and had been consul there. When he was on a time sent of Valentinian to Milleyne to quiet a sedition, which was among the people for the election of a bishop: after he had exhorted them to concord suddenly they all with one voice chose him to be their bishop, me●ed with the voice of an infant, which cried Ambrose is worthy to be bishop. The frenchmen denied to pay any more tribute, wherefore the emperor made fierce war against them. Valentinian preparing war against the Sarmatians which brake into Hungary, ended his life, with a sudden bleeding, at a town called Brygon. The year of the world 4339 The year of Christ 378 Ualens reigned after his brother iii years. Anni regum britanny 50 He favoured overmuch the Arrians, and therefore was cruel toward the true christians. He commanded, that monks and solitorie persons, which (both for meditation and for fear of persecution had fled into wilderness, or other secret places, should be sent in warfare. And them which repined, either he put to death or caused to be extremely punished. The year of the world 4340 The year of Christ 379 Gratiam emperor of the east, Anni regum britanny 51 made his younger brother Valentinian equal with him in the empire, by which means there were together iii emperors. Appollinaris, of Laodicea, taught, that the divinity and humanity of Christ were both of one nature. The people called Hunni (as it were) steered out of their caves, with outrageous fury, made war upon the Goths, and drove them out of their country: which fled to the emperor Ualens. Who received them, and gave them licence to inhabit Pannonia. Gratian overcame the almains, and slew of them well near .30000. The Scots say, that about this time, after long and cruel war, they were utterly extermined and driven out of their realm into Ireland & other countries, by Maximus the Roman the Pictes, and Britain's. The Goths desired Ualens to send them certain learned men to instruct them in the religion of christ, who sent to them Arrians, by whom all the Goths were infected with that heresy, in the which they continued a long time. Theodosius, father of that Theodosius: Anni regum britanny 52 which was after advanced to the empire, The year of the world 4341 The year of Christ 380 being sent into Africa, with an army, vanquished Thirmus, who by treason aspired to the imperial crown. In reward whereof Ualens for envy, and fearing his success, commanded him to be beheaded. The Goths, which before fled to Ualens, not susteigninge the avarice of a Roman Duke, named Maximus, rebelled and slew a great numbered of men in Thracia, and overcame Ualens also in battle: who being chased, fled into a cottage, which, the Goths that pursued, compassed and set on fire. And there was Ualens burned of them, whom he caused to be corrupted with the heresy of Arrius. Anni regum britanny 53 Gratian, and his brother Valentinian, reigned after Ualens vi years, The year of the world 4342 The year of Christ 381 he perceiving the empire to be in great danger of the Goths, and other barbarous people, which than were in arms, made Theodotius fellow with him in the empire, and committed to his manhood the ●ast parts. This Gratian was indiferentlye well learned, eloquent, and much practised in the art of rhetoric. He had a great delight to cast the dart. In martial and civil policy not so well instructed as becomed an emperor. Theodotius vanquished the Goths, & by force drove them out of Thracia, and after made league with Athanaricus their king. Anni regum britanny 54 The Lombard's overcame the people called Uandali. Theodotius ordained by open decree, The year of the world 4343 The year of Christ 382 that the Christian faith should be purely taught, and that all Christian men should believe, that the divinity of god the father, the son, and the holy ghost, was one, contrary to the opinion of Arrius and his adherentes. MAximus, son of Leonine, and cousin germane to Constantine the great, Anni regum britanny 1 The year of the world 4344 The year of Christ 383 was made king of britain. This man was mighty of his hands: but for that he was cruel, & pursued somedeal the Christians, he was called Maximus the tyrant. Between him & one Conon Meriodok a Britain, was strife and debate, in which they both sped diversly. But at length they were made friends. A synod was assembled at Constantinople of .180. bishops against Macedoneus: who denied the holy ghost to be god. This synod ordained first patriarchs. The Arrians were constrained to forsake the churches that they held by force the space of. 4●. years. Martin, bishop of Turon, was famous. Theodotius, being taken with a grievous sickness, was baptized, and shortly after recovered. The year of the world 4345 The year of Christ 384 Athanaricus, king of Goths, Anni regum britanny 2 came to Constantinople to visit Theodotius, and within few days died there, and was buried honourably. Maximus, king of Britain, made war upon the Galls, and sailed into Amarica, now called little Britain: and subduing that country to his lordship, gave it to Conon Meriodok, to hold for ever of the kings of great Britain. The year of the world 4346 The year of Christ 385 Arcadius, the son of Theodotius, was made Augustus. Anni regum britanny 3 Theodotius laboured much for the unity of the church, in the which had been a schism of long time. The year of the world 4347 The year of Christ 386 Maximus, king of Britain, Anni regum britanny 4 was constrained of the soldiers to take on him the imperial crown, and therefore, being in France, passed further into the lands of the empire, and subdued a great part of France, and all German. Gratian the emperor, of him was put to flight at Paris, and slain at Lions. Valentinian, the brother of Gratian, being driven out of Italy, fled into the east to Theodotius: of whom he was with all gentleness interceined. Whiles Maximus was occupied in the wars in Italy, Melga, king of Pictes, and Gnavius, leader of the Huns, vexed the Britain's: whereof when Maxi●mus had witting he sent a captain, named Gratian, to resist their malice. The year of the world 4348 The year of Christ 387 Saint Ursula, with the .11000. virgins, Anni regum britanny 5 which were sent into little Britain, to be married to the foresaid Cannon and his knights: were slain of the Barbarous people being on the sea. Jerome, the famous doctor, and interpreter of holy scripture, flourished at Bethlem: and for his excellent learning was renowned in all the world. The year of the world 4351 The year of Christ 390 Theodotius, hearing of the death of Gratian, Anni regum britanny 8 sped him with an army against Maximus (which warred against the empire) and at a city of Italy, called Aquile●a, vanquished the said Maximus, and him beheaded. Andragatius, the chief captain of Maximus, drowned himself. Uictour his son was slain of Abrogastes in France▪ Anni regum britanny 1 Forth with the foresaid Gratian, The year of the world 4351 The year of Christ 390 that was sent in to Britain of Maximus to defend the land from barbarians, took on him the kingdom of Britain, & exercised all tyranny and exaction upon the people. For which cause he was abhorred of all the Britain's. In a sedition in Thessalia, there happened certain justices and noble men to be slain of the people: wherewith Theodotius the emperor being greatly meeved, commanded vii thousand of them to be slain, punishing the guiltless together with the offenders. Of which act when Ambrose bishop of Milleine had knowledge, he excommunicated the emperor, and forbade him to enter in to the church, until he had done open penance. To whom Theodotius gentillye obeyed, and for that deed had Ambrose ever after in most high estimation and reverence. Algelmundus, the first king of Lombary. Anni regum britanny 2 A fiery sign hanged in the air, The year of the world 4352 The year of Christ 391 like to a culver by the space of xxx days. Anni regum britanny 3 The year of the world 4353 The year of Christ 392 The Britain's, abhorring the cruelty of their king Gratian, Anni regum britanny 4 by one assent set on him, and killed him, The year of the world 4354 The year of Christ 393 after he had reigned four years. Than was the realm of Britain a good space without head or governor: in which time they were now and than vexed with the foresaid Barbarous people, and other external enemies. To this time were ordained in the church certain priests, which should examine and confess them, The year of the world 4355 The year of Christ 394 that after their offences did openly repent, before they received the sacraments: under pretence of this confession, a deacon in Constatinople did commit fornication with a noble woman. For which cause Nectarius their bishop did abrogate confession, committing every man to his conscience in receiving the sacrament. A Duke, named Abrogastes, by treason slew Valentinian the emperor of the west, and advanced Eugenius to the imperial crown. Pla●illa, the wife of Theodotius, died▪ a woman of great sanctimony. She accustomed to visit the hospitals and places of poor people, ministering to them all things necessary with her own hands. The year of the world 4356 The year of Christ 395 Arcadius, the elder son of Theodotius, reigned with his father in the east, and Honorius the younger was proclaimed emperor of Italy and the west parts. In the time of Theodotius, a child was borne in Palestine, being divided from the navel upward as it were into two bodies, every part having all senses and perfect members of a man. When the one did eat, the other did not, sometimes the one played with the other, as it were two children: The one part lived four days after the other. Theodotius vanquished and took Eugenius the traitor, The year of the world 4357 The year of Christ 396 and commanded him to be put to death. Abrogastes killed himself with his own weapon. joannes Anachorita was famous. He had the gift of prophecy. Augustine, the most famous & learned doctor of Christ'S church, was bishop of Hippone a city in Africa. This man was of such excellent wit, that in his childhod he learned all the liberal sciences, without any instructor: and in all parts of philosophy was wonderfully learned. At the beginning he favoured the opinions of them, which be called Manichees: but by the continual prayer of his good mother, Monica, and the persuasion of holy saint Ambrose, he was converted to the true faith. They both being replenished with the holy ghost, sang the psalm, Te deum: answering mu●tually one to the other. After, in prayer, writing and preaching, he so much profited the church, that his name is worthily had in reverence of all men. Theodotius the emperor died at Milleine. The year of the world 4358 The year of Christ 397 Arcadius obtained the imperial dignity, and reigned with his brother Honorius xiii years, The year of the world 4359 The year of Christ 398 but for that they were yet but children, Theodotius before his death ordained iii noble men, to be governors over the iii parts of the empire, that is to say, Gyldo in Afryke, Ruffinus in the east (as tutor of Arcadius) & Stillico in Italy and the west, as governor of Honorius, the younger son: Which iii Dukes after by treason successively attempted the imperial crown. An earthquake continued many days. The element shining like fire seemed to burn. Orosius the historiographer was famous. Chrisostomus, the noble clerk, The year of the world 4361 The year of Christ who for his excellent eloquence is named the golden mouthed doctor, was ordained bishop of Constantinople. Gildo, governor of afrique, took on him kingly authority in Mauritania, and cruelly put to death the sons of his brother Mascazell, who therefore fled into Atalye, and obtained aid of Honorius the emperor, and shortly after, with .5000. men of war, vanquished his brother's army (in the which were .70000. fight men) and commanded him to be strangled to death. The same Mascazell being proud with the success of that battle, named himself emperor, and within few days was slain of the soldiers. About this time as witnesseth Uolateran, The year of the world 4362 The year of Christ 401 the Huns broke into Pannonia, and in battle overcame the Romans. A controversy was in the church, whether god were corporate and had a body, and all membres thereof, to the likeness of man: which opinion was obstinately affirmed of certain simple and unlearned monks, or solitary persons of Egypt. This opinion caused so much trouble in the church that Theophilus bishop of Alexandria, and Epiphaneus of Cyprus, endeavoured to have disannulled and burned the books of Origine, for that they seemed to teach the contrary. They vexed also Chrisostomus, because he would not consent thereto. The Goths, The year of the world 4363 The year of Christ 402 which since the reign of Theodorius had been friends with the Romans, and in wages under their captains, rebelled and broke into italy, by the means of Stillico: for he triatrouslye caused the emperor Honorius to put them out of wages, to the intent that they for displeasure should rebel against the empire: that he in the mean time might more commodiously by treason, transfer the imperial crown to his son. He enticed also the Aleynes and Uandales to take arms against the Romans. The year of Christ 403 Chrisostomus, bishop of constantinople was, exiled into Pont, The year of the world 4564 by means of Theophilus of Alexandria. The year of the world 4365 The year of Christ 404 At Pelentia the Romans fought a dangerous battle against the Goths not without loss of many men on both parts. Stillico the Roman captain feigned him to fly: But yet the Goths at that time were driven back. The frenchmen, passing the river Rhine, inhabited Treveris in Gallia, and the country lying there about. The year of the world 4366 The year of Christ 405 Chrisostome died in exile. Britain about this time was vexed with the eruptions of Melga king of Pictes and other barbarous people. The year of the world 4367 The year of Christ 406 There fell a great hail in Constantinople and the suburbs thereof. Two terrible nations of the Goths were in arms against the empire: the Ostrogothes, being Pagans, which had a mighty and vallaunt captain, named Rhadagasius, and the west Goths, which were christened and had to their leader Alaricus. The year of the world 4368 The year of Christ 407 Rhadagasius king of the Ostrogothes, invaded Italy with a terrible army of .200000. men: at which time the Romans were in such fear, that many of them blaspheming christ, laid the fault of so grievous danger upon christian religion. But that great army shortly after, being enclosed and compassed with the hosts of the Romans, in certain mountains of Thuscane, was slain and taken well near all together. Ruffinus, governor of the east, enticed Alaricus king of the wisigothes, to make war upon the emperor Arcadius, to the intent that in time of the tumultie, he might (by his conspirators) be advanced to the imperial authority: whose treason being disclosed he was slain of the soldiers, and his head set up at Constantinople with his right hand. Caianus also trusting to the aid of the Goths, raised civil war, The year of the world 4396 The year of Christ 408 and was vanquished, put to flight, and slain. Stillicon prolonged the war with the Wisigothes and therefore was he commanded of Honorius to make peace with them. Honorius also granted to the Goths to inhabit in France, which at that time was possessed of the Frenchmen, Aleines, and other barbarous people, that were steered up by the counsel of Stillico. Constantius, a man of no estimation or dignity, The year of the world 4370 The year of Christ 409 nor having any virtue worthy a noble man, for the only hope of his name, was made emperor of the soldiers in Britain. This man passed into Gallia to quiet the barbarous people, that wasted that country: but he prevailed nothing against them. Constantine, sent his son Constans into Spain, against two noble men, Dyndimus and Uerinianus, which kept the straits of the mountains called Pyrenei both against him and the barbarous people. Arcadius' emperor of the east, The year of the world 4371 The year of Christ 410 departed out of this life at Constantinople. He before his death ordained Isdericus king of Persians to be governor of his young son, and defender of the empire, Theodotius surnamed the younger, The year of the world 4372 The year of Christ 411 being yet a child was made emperor after his father, and reigned in the east. Of manners he was indifferent, but very negligent in things pertaining to the common weal. In so much that he would subscribe, and sign bills of request, which he never saw, nor knew that was contained in them, which negligence his sister Pulcheria rebuked in this manner, causing him after his fashion to subscribe to a bill, in the which was de●i●ed the perpetual bondage of his wife Eudoxia, whom he loved entirely: wherewith he being abashed, and ●●ewing a pair of red cheeks ceased to be so negligent in matters pertaining to the weal public. The U●●d●●es being chased of the Goths west out of France into Spain. At●alus affecting the empire in Rome, was immediately brought in subjection. Stillico, contrary to the league, The year of the world 4373 which was made with the Goths, upon Easter day, The year of Christ 412 when for religion they abstained from all labour, and fearing no enemies, had cast of their armour: sent against them a I●we named Saul with a company of soldiers. Who coming suddenly upon the said Goths slew of them a great numbered, with which injury their king Alaricus being irritated after he had revenged him on the soldiers of Stillico, in his fury turned his whole power against the city of Rome, which shortly after he took. And when he had spoiled it, by the space of iii days departed and took with him Placidia the emperors sister, whom after he gave in marriage to Ataulphus his kinsman. Now was the treason of Stillico detected, which he had of long time dissimuled and kept close: and he therefore was beheaded, with his son Eucherius. At this time the Roman empire, the fourth monarchy of the world, which had of long time flourished, began first to decline, which happened from the beginning of the city .1163. after the kings were expelled .919 years. The year of the world 4374 The year of Christ 413 Honorius the emperor sent a noble man of Rome, named Constantius, with an army against Constantine which was chosen emperor in Britain, and was now in France: whom he easily vanquished, and caused to be slain. Constans, the son of Constantine, who was sent into Spain, was murdered of his own Duke Gerontius: whereby Honorius recovered to his dominion, both the land of Britain, and the soldiers, which favoured Constantine. Heros a holy man, was by the fury of the people put from his bishopric of Or●iau●ce, The year of the world 4375 The year of Christ 414 and Patroclus ordained in his place. Which thing caused great dissension among the bishops. Ataulphus was ordained king of wisigothes, who intended the utter destruction of the city of Rome, and to have builded an other city in the fame place, which should be called Gothia, and the emperors thereof Ataulphi. But he was mitigated by the gentle intercession and prayer of his wife Placidia, the emperors sister. Two brethren▪ called iovius and Sebastianus▪ which in France took on them princely authority, were subdued and slain. Pelagius, an horrible heretic, lived in Britain. He taught, that men were not saved and justified by the mere mercy of god, for the death and merit of jesus Christ. The year of the world 4376 The year of Christ 415 but that by their own good works and natural operations, men obtained before god perfect justification, and remission of sins, this error saint Augustine confoundeth in many of his works. Attalus, by the help of the Goths, usurped imperial authority, in France, & passed from thence into Spain, The year of the world 4377 The year of Christ 416 and from Spain into Africa. Heraclianus, a Roman Duke, being sent into Africa against the factors of Attalus, traitorously took on him imperial authority. The Burgonnions obtained the part of France near to the river of Rhine. Heraclianus, by the counsel of his companion Sabinus, prepared a wonderful navy, in the which were 4070. ships: and with them made toward Rome against the emperor. Shortly after his arrival, he was discomfited, and shamefully put to flight, in such wise, that he was constrained to fly to Carthage in a small ship, where he was slain shortly after. The jews, which from the time of Alexandre the great▪ to this day, inhabited the city of Alexandria, The year of the world 4378 The year of Christ 417 for a sedition, which they caused, were now driven out of the city, and all their goods taken from them A woman▪ named Hippacia (so excellently learned, that she passed all the philosophers of that time) did read openly in the philosophy school at Alexandria. Attalus, the traitor, being forsaken of his adherentes, was taken in Africa, and sent to the emperor. The Goths slew their king Ataulphus, for that he desired peace with the Romans, and chose for him Regericus: whom for like cause they also murdered, and lastly advanced to be their king a noble man, called Wall●a: who after certain misfortune on the sea, contrary to their expectation, made league with Constantius the Roman, which at that time had subdued the Barbarous people in Spain. Zozimus, Pope, ordained that no priest should drink in common taverns. Ua●lia, king of the Goths, restored to the emperor his sister Placidia, The year of the world 4379 The year of Christ 418 wife of Ataulphus: which was after married to the renowned Duke Constantius, who had subdued divers rebellious traitors, and quieted the Goths and other Barbarous people, which than were in arms against the empire, as the Uandales, Sueves, Burgunnions and other. A counsel of .207. bishops was assembled at Carthage against the heresy of Pellagian and other, The year of the world 4380 The year of Christ 419 where saint Augustine was present. The emperor Honorius triumphed for the victories achieved by the martial knightehoode of Constans his Duke. Pharamunde, the son of Marcomirus, a man garnished with all knightly virtue, The year of the world 4381 The year of Christ 420 was ordained the first king of frenchmen .1556. years, after Brute began his dominion in this isle of Britain. Constantius confirmed the league made with the wisigothes, The year of the world 4382 The year of Christ 421 and gave inhabitant to them in Aquitania, and certain cities near about. Honorius made Constantius fellow with him in the empire. The year of the world 4383 The year of Christ 422 Constantius died. The year of the world 4384 The year of Christ 423 The Scots (according to their histories) under their king Fergus returned out of Ireland into Albion, and continuing the reign of iii kings (that is) Fergus, Eugenius and Dongarde, pursued the Britaines with most cruel wars, but here they discente from the english chronicles, as well in the computation of the time, as in the relation of the whole story. For after Beda, Gildas, and other ancient and credible writers, the Scots came first about this time out of Ireland into that country, which of them was after called scotland. But how so ever this stories agree, truth it is, that the Scots being confederate with the Pictes, not long from this time, by consent of all writers, invaded and spoiled the land of Britain, so cruelly, that the Britain's were constrained to send for aid to the Romans: promising, that they would be perpetually subject to the empire. Which request was hard, and a captain scent, with a legion of knights: who within few days chased their enemies out of the land: and teaching them to make a wall of turns, and stakes from the water of Humbre to the Scottisshe sea (wherewith their enemies might be kept back out of the land) took leave of the Britain's, and departed. Barbaranes, king of the Persians, did persecute the Christians: The year of the world 4385 The year of Christ 424 For which cause deadly war was arreared between the Persians and Romans. Ardaburus, the Roman captain, spoiled the country called Azazena: After which misfortune the Persians began to entreat for peace. Castinus, a Duke of the Romans, was sent against the Uandales, which wasted the lands of the empire in Spain. Against whom he somewhat prevailed by the help of a valiant knight named Bonifacius, which came out of Africa to aid him in the businesses of the empire. But Bonifacius shortly after, not susteigning the envious tyranny of his captain Castinus, returned into Africa, afterwhich time Castinus achieved nothing worthy memory. Placidia, the wife of Constantius, The year of the world 4386 The year of Christ 425 after the death of her husband for certain displeasure, was driven from her brother Honorius, with her two sons, and fled to Theodotius emperor of the east, and was of him gently entertained. Honorius emperor of the west, departed out of this life at Rome. The year of the world 4387 The year of Christ 426 A certain Roman, named joannes, by the aid and maintenance of Castinus, invaded the imperial crown. This joannes made into Africa, entending both to vanquish the forenamed Boniface enemy of Castinus, and also to subdue that country to his dominion. In the mean time Theodotius made Valentinian, the son of Placida, Cesar: and sent him with aid into Italy, to recover the imperial authority. Who not long after conquered the city Ravenna, which shut the gates at his coming, vanquished joanne the tyrant, sent in banishment Castinus, & pardoned Aetius, a noble man, for by his means he quieted the Huns, which had armed them against the Romans. Valentinian, by the ordinance of Theodotius, was proclaimed Augustus, The year of the world 4388 The year of Christ 427 & emperor of the west parts. near about this time the Britain's were invaded again by the Pictes and Scots: which notwithstanding the foresaid wall, that was made by the Romans, spoiled the country very sore. So that they were driven to seek for new help of the Romans: who sent to them a company of soldiers: which again chased the Pictes, and made a wall of stone of the thickness of viii foot, and in height xii foot. Which thing when they had done, comforting the Britain's, and admonishing them hereafter to trust to their own manhood and strength, they returned again to Rome. Bonifacius, before mentioned, was famous & in great authority in Africa, The year of the world 4390 The year of Christ 429 so that his power was suspected of Valentinian the emperor. Who therefore sent against him two Roman captains. Manortius and Galvi●, which both were of Bonifacius vanquished. Than was that war committed to a Duke, named Sigisuldus, which somewhat prevailed, and abated the power of Boniface: who mistrusting his own strength, enticed the Uandales out of Spain, into Africa: which at their coming spoiled the country of Mauritania and Africa with great cruelty, of which tyranny saint Augustine complaineth. Nestorius, bishop of Constantinople, endeavoured to bring into the church a new heresy: The year of the world 4391 The year of Christ 430 teaching, that the only manhood of Christ was borne of the virgin, and his deity given to him after for his merit. Aetius, the Roman, recovered the part of Gallia lying about the river Rhine. The frenchmen subdued orleans and Paris, with much of the country annexed thereto. The year of the world 4392 The year of Christ 431 Clodius, the son of Pharamunde, was made king of France, which was also named Crinitus, This man to enlarge his kingdom, made war upon the Turinges and Germans, inhabiting the country beyond Rhine, & them subdued. When he had ruled the french men xix years, after many victorious deeds, he died. Gensericus, king of the Ale●es and Uandales in Africa, besieged the cite Hippone, where saint Augustine being bishop in the third month of that siege, ended his life. The Scots and Pictes yet ones again entered the land of Britain, and spoiled the country, and chased the commons so cruelly, that they were altogether comfortless and brought to such misery, that each rob and spoiled other, and over this the ground was untilled: whereof ensued great scarcity and hunger:, and after hunger death. In this necessity they sent for aid to Aetius the Roman captain, being then occupied in wars in a part of France. The year of the world 4394 The year of Christ 433 But they had no comfort at his hand And therefore were forced to send ambassade to Aldroenus king of little Britain, to desire aid and comfort: which they obtained on condition, that if they achieved the victory. Constantine his brother should be ordained king of great Britain, for to that day, they had no governor. Which thing of the ambasadours being granted, the said Constantine gathered a company of ouldiours, and went forthwith them, when he had manfully vanquished their enemies, and obtained the victory: according to promise made, he was ordained their king and guided this land ten years, with such manhood and policy▪ that he kept it in quyetenes, and from danger of strange enemies. ¶ Here endeth finally the dominion and tribute of the Romans over this land of Britain, which had continued the space of .483. years, from that time that Brutus began to rule this land .1541. and after the city of Rome was builded a thousand five hundred eighty and five. ¶ The end of the first book. ¶ The prologue to the second book. HItherto we have compediouslye noted the gests and acts of Britons, and their princes, while the land was subject and tributary to the Romans For the more credit annexing, always the histories of the Romans, and other external realms in which was done any thing worthy memory: Menglinge also the most notable things, pertaining to Christ's church and our faith. In which (as near as my simple wit and learning could compass) I have diligently observed the continual course and order of the histories of every country, whose acts be in this work touched: that according to my first promise, the diligent reader may be hold as in a mirror or glass, the state and condition at all times, not only of England, but also of Italy, France, Spain, & other parts of the world. After which sort, (god willing) I purpose to go forward, in the part following, concerning this realm of England, is chiefly to be marked, how the saxons, after they first entered this land, by crafty means augmented their rule and dominion, until at length they chased the Britons, and by force of arms drove them all together out of their country and for that they were named Angli, called this Island after them Anglia, which was divided a certain of time into .7. kingdoms, & after reduced to one monarchy by Aluredus king of west saxons, here also ye may note, the increase of the kingdom of France, & the great ruin & decay of that most flourishing & victorious empire of Rome. Which in puissance so far surmounted all other monarchies and kingdoms: as the fierce Lion in might and courage doth pass the other common beasts which (notwithstanding) was so over run of the barbarous people in those later days, that the city of Rome, which .700. years had continued as lady and empress of the world, within the space of .100. year, was four times taken and most cruelly spoiled, with all the country of Italy, to the manifest example, that nothing in this world is of such strength and power, that it may always continue and endure. But let us return to our purpose. ¶ The second book. THAN IT FOLLOWETH: The year of the world 4394 The year of Christ 433 when Constantine, Anni regum britanny 1 brother of Aldroenus, had chased and overcome the Pictes & Scots (as is before said) he was crowned king of great Britain, ● guided the land the space of ten years in quietness. In the time of this Constantine of Britain, reigned among Scots, one of the same name, which was a wicked prince, gevenwholy to filthy lust and pleasure, and without all virtue of policy or nobleness. Wherefore in the and he was slain for ravishing a noble man's daughter A synod of .200. bishops was assembled at Ephesus, in the which Nestorius and Pelagian were condemned. Anni regum britanny Bonifacius returning from Africa to Rome, The year of the world 4395 The year of Christ 434 overcame Aetius in battle, and war advanced to be master of the chivalry. Within short space after he died and Aetius was then restored to his former estate and dignity, by the help of the people called Hunni. The dominion of the frenchmen was increased so much, The year of the world 4398 The year of Christ 437 that the Roman had no more of the land of Gallia is their rule, then that which lieth from the river of Leyr unto Rhine, which is called Gallia Lugdunensis their king also overcame the Turinges, and the germans. The Uandales were made friends, with the Romans, and had inhabitance given to them in Africa. Aetius, the Roman, overcame Gundicarus king of Burgoyne, and at his instant prayer made peace. Anni regum britanny 6 The Goths broke their league with the Romans, & spoiled certain towns in France, The year of the world 4399 The year of Christ 438 and vesieged the cite a Narbonense, which was delivered from their assaults by Litorius a Roman captain. Anni regum britanny 7 Valentinian went toward Constantinople, The year of the world 4400 to the intent to take in marriage Eudocia, The year of Christ the daughter of Theodotius. Gensericus king of the Uandales and Aleines endevoiring to sow the heresy of Atrius in Africa, did persecute the catholic bishops, and most cruelly put many of them to death. The year of the world 4401 The year of Christ 440 Certain pirates with great tyranny rob and spoiled the isle of Sicily. Anni regum britanny 8 The Romans by the help of the Huns, fought luckyly against the Goths in France. The year of the world 4402 The year of Christ 441 Litorius the Roman, Anni regum britanny 9 trusting to witchcraft and answers of idols, fought a battle with the Goths, and was of them with great disworshyppe, put to flight, After which time peace was taken between the Romans and the Goths. Gensericus king of the Uandales, by deceit took and spoiled Carthage, and subdued it to his dominion .585. years after it was conquered of the Romans, & made a part or province of the empire. And thus began Africa to be sub●ect to the Uandales. The year of the world 4403 The year of Christ 442 The same Gensericus warred cruelly on the isle of Sic●●a: Anni regum britanny 10 For which cause Sebastianus a Roman coming out of Spain, invaded Africa, and caused Gensericus to return and leave Sicilia. In the court of Constantine, king of Britain, was a certain Picte, in so great favour and authority, with the king, that he might at all times come to his presence who watching his time by secret mean traitorously slew the king in his chamber. THan Constantius his eldest son, which for his dull and simple wit, The year of the world 4404 The year of Christ 443 Anni regum britanny 1 was made monk in Winchester by the means of Uortiger, duke of Cornwall, was taken out of the cloister and made king, under whose name the foresaid Uortiger ruled all the land and used great tyranny. Peace was made between the Uandales in Africa & the Romans and certain limits and bounds prescribed for the marches of both their lordships. The Huns, falling at distance with the Romans, spoiled and overrun Thracia & Illiria, and by force subdued all the countries, even to the mountains of Grece, called Thermopile. Attila, king of the Huns, slew his brother Bletas, and enforced the people to be subject unto him: whereby he obtained the kingdom alone, that before was divided into two parts. Anni regum britanny 4 The year of the world 4407 The year of Christ 449 This Attila was a cruel and fierce tyrant, and at this time terrible to the whole world. For within few days he had subdued to his lordship all the Barbarous people of Scythia, and the north parts: as the Ostrogothes, Sueves, Marcomannis, Herulis, Turcilingis, Turinges, Ruges, and other. Congalius, the son of king Dongarde, was ordained king of Scotland after the death of Constantine. He was given to peace, quietness, and justice, & was a good and moderate prince. Anni regum britanny 5 Eutices, the heretic, The year of the world 4408 The year of Christ 747 and Abbote of a monastery in Constantinople, was famous. Constans, king of Britain, was slain of certain Pictes or Scots, whom Uortiger had ordained for a guard to the kings body. Whereof when Uortiger had knowledge, he wept and made semblat of great sorrow, and heaviness, and caused the said Scots or Pictes to be put to death, though he in deed was the chief causer of their treason and murder. Aurelius and Uter, the kings younger brethren, fled into little Britain. Anni regum britanny VOrtiger was by force ordained king of Britain, The year of the world 4409 The year of Christ 448 and governed the realm xvi years, not without trouble. For the nobles of Britain suspected▪ that Constans was not murdered without his consent: and therefore alienated their minds from him. Anni regum britanny 2 In Britain was so great plenty of corn and fruit, that the like had not been seen in many years before: The year of the world 4410 The year of Christ 449 which plenty was cause of idleness, gluttony, lecher●e, and other vices: so that through their incontinent and riotous living, ensued so great pestilence and mortality, that the living scantly sufficed to bury the dead. Anni regum britanny 3 The Pictes and Scortes also having knowledge of the death of their knights, which were slain by Uortiger, The year of the world 4411 The year of Christ 450 for murdering of the king, invaded, and in most cruel wise spoiled the land of Britain. Than Uortigier, being sore abashed, for so much as he knew the minds of his people to be alienated from him (after some men's opinion) sent for the saxons named Angli, which had no place to dwell in: and gave to them inhabitant in Kent. By their help and manhood. in many battles he vanquished and drove back the Pictes and other enemies: and therefore had them ever after in great love and favour. Meroneus was ordained king of France, the which was strong and martial in all his deeds, and there unto right profitable to the realm. He was present in the battle against Attila the Hun, where he with his knights wrought manfully. Of this Mereoneus descended all the kings of the frenchmen, till the time of Pypyn, father unto Charles the great. In his time Gallia was first called France. The Synod Chalcedonense was assembled, where were present vi hundred bishops, which condemned Eutices and Dyoscorus, notable and famous heretics. The year of the world 4413 The year of Christ 452 Theodotius the emperor departed out of this life at Constantinople, Anni regum britanny 5 in whose place Martianus was made emperor of the east, and reigned vii years. This man loved so much quietness, that he was wont to say: that a prince ought not to arm him, if he could by any means obtain peace. In his time was the terrible voyage of Attila against the Romans▪ of the which I will now speak. first the Goths, than the Uandales broke into Ponnonia, and lastly the Huns, which retained the dominion thereof, and of them was that country after a certain space of time, call●d Hungary. This cruel people caused great slaughter in all Europe. For their Tyrant Attila, gathering a mighty army of .300000. men, invaded Germany: where, in most cruel manner he spoiled many cities: And from thence sped him toward France, and took prisoner the king of Furgoyne. At that time Actius, master of the Roman chivalry, was still in a part of France, and had made peace with the Goths, the frenchmen, and other: to the intent that they, ioygninge together their puissance, might resist the power of the tyrant. Attila, who in this pastime, had sent to Theodorich, king of the Goths, willing him to forsake the Romans, and favour his party, but Theodorich would in no wise be confederate with that pagan, and Barbarous tyrant. Anni regum britanny Wherefore in fine, The year of the world 4414 The year of Christ 453 in the fields of France named Catulyntes (which contained .100. leagues in length, and 70. in breadth) both the hosts met (that is to say't) Attila with all his puissance, and the Romans with their whole strength and power. Histories do testify, that there was never so great a multitude gathered in the west parts: with the Romans were the frenchmen, Burgonions, Goths, and all the west parts: with Attila the Sueves, Herules, Turinges, all the people of Scythia, and the north parts. The battle continued from the son rising to the eventide: and than was Attyla of his ennem●es put to the worse, and lost of his men .180000. and was brought in to such a straight, that he would have slain himself. Theodorich, king of the wisig oaths, in this conflict was slain. Wherefore Turismunde his son, to revenge his father's death, would have pursued Attila, and utterly vanquished his whole power. Which thing undoubtedly he had brought to pass, had not Aetius the Roman changed his mind, who feared, if he had subdued Attila, that he with his Goths being inflate with so great a victory, would have broke league and turned his power upon the Roman empire. But this counsel of Aetius was evil. For Attila, by this mean having leisure returned into Hungary, Anni regum britanny 7 The year of the world 4415 The year of Christ 454 repaired his army, and immediately with great cruelty, murder of men, and spoiling of the countries, broke into Italy, and after long siege, took the city Aquileia. Than was Leo Pope sent to desire of him peace: which, contrary to the expectation of all men, he obtained, on this condition, that Rome should be to him tributary. Attila, after league made with the Romans, required Honoria, Anni regum britanny the emperors sister to wife. The year of the world 4416 The year of Christ 455 In his marriage giving himself to banqueting and drunkenness, he over charged his stomach with wine, and suddenly ended his life in the mids of his festinges, whereby it chanced, that whom the power of the whole empire could not resist, a cup of wine utterly vanquished. From that time that the Roman empire began first to decay, to this year, the Romans had lost all Germany, Dacia, Sarmatia▪ and other provinces lying near the river Dunake and Rhine: also a great part of Spain and most part of France, with Britain: of the which none were after recovered to the Romans. Hengist, one of the leaders of the saxons, found means, The year of the world 4417 The year of Christ 456 that Uortiger, king of Britain, Anni regum britanny 9 did mary his daughter Rowen, a maiden of wonderful beauty and pleasantness, but a miscreant and pagan. For her sake the king repudiated his lawful wife, by the which he had received iii sons. For which deed well near all the Britains forsook him. And the saxons daielye increased both in favour, multitude, and authority, and from this time sought alway occasions to extinguish utterly the power of the Britain's, and subdue the land to themself. Uenece, the famous city, was first founded of them, which fearing the cruelty of Attila, fled from the country about Aquileia into those Islands where now Ue●●ce standeth. Valentinian, the emperor, envying, or rather fearing the prosperity of Aetius his Duke, commanded him to be put to death: and after demanded of his familiars, whether it were not well done. To whom they said▪ that the deed would shortly declare itself: but yet in the mean time, that he had with his left hand cut of his right: meaning, that Aetius had been of long time the stay of the empire. There happened contention between the sons of Attila, for the succession of the kingdom▪ whereby they shortly lost all that their father had lost them. For the Gepydes, with their king Ardarius, making sudden war upon them, discomfited their host, and scattered them with their people into divers countries. After which example many other nations forsook their dominion, and refused to be subject unto them. Riciarins, king of Suitzers, invading Spain, was chased and driven back. Valentinian the emperor, was slain of Thrasila, one of the soldiers of Actius, Anni regum britanny 10 The year of the world 4418 The year of Christ 457 whom before he had wrongfully put to death. Maximus after him invaded the imperial crown, and when he had reigned two months was slain. Gensericus, king of Uandales in Africa▪ by the intisement of Eudoxia the empress, with a mighty army invaded Rome and took the city. But by the intercession of Leo, being than bishop, he abstreigned from slaughter and taking with him all the riches of italy, returned again into Africa. This happened .43. years after the city was first taken by the Goths. After this time the majesty of the Roman emperors was utterly decayed. For most vile and unworthy persons, of no nobleness or virtue, invaded the imperial crown, & usurped the same at their will and pleasures. Panlinus' bishop of Nola, a city in Italy, gave all his substance for the redemption of his citizens, which were lad away as prisoners of the barbarous people And finally committed his own body to prison, for the deliverance of one poor widows son▪ Auitus took on him imperial authority in France and at Placentia, Anni regum britanny 11 The year of the world 4419 The year of Christ 458 within few days was again deposed Martianus, emperor of the east, The year of the world 4420 The year of Christ 459 ended his life at Constantinople, Anni regum britanny 12 being murdered of his own people. After whom Leo, a Greek borne, was advanced to the empire and reigned .17. years. This man made his son partaker of the empire, was also called Leo. Maiorianus took on him the governance of the empire of Rome and the west, and reigned .v. years. Anni regum britanny Childericus was ordained king of France. This man for his lechery and voluptuous living, The year of the world 4421 The year of Christ 460 became audible to his subjects: and therefore soon after was feign to void his realm, and went to the king of turinges: in whose place the frenchmen chose Aegius, to their king. The saxons covenanted with the Britain's, that they should attend to their worldly business: and the saxones (as their soldiers) should defend the land from the incursions of all enemies. For the which service the britains should give to them competent meat and wages. And under this pretence caused more saxons to be sent for, entending at convenient time, by force to have the land in their subjection. The year of the world 4422 The year of Christ 461 Saint German came into Britain to reduce them from the heresy of Pelagian to the faith of christ. Anni regum britanny 14 The year of the world 4424 The year of Christ 463 Maiorian emperor of Rome, Anni regum britanny 16 was murdered of certain traitors nigh to the river Hyria. The Britain's considering the daily repair of the saxons into this realm, showed to their king the jeopardy that might thereof ensue, and advertised him to avoid the danger, and expel them out of the realm. But all was in vain. For Uertiger by reason of his wife bore such favour toward the saxons, that he would in no wise hear the counsel of his subjects. Wherefore they with one will and mind, deprived him of his royal dignity, The year of the world 4425 The year of Christ 464 Anni regum britanny 1 and ordained to their king his eldest son Uortimerus: when Uortiger had reigned xvi years. Severus, by confederacy of certain Romans, was advanced to the imperial authority in place of Maiorianus, and reigned four years. This Uortimer (as before is said) being made king in all hast he pursued the saxons, The year of the world 4426 The year of Christ 455 Anni regum britanny 2 and by his martial knighthood vanquished them in four great battles beside conflicts and skirmishes, until at length he was poisoned by mean of Rowen his stepmother: after he had reigned vii years. The year of Christ 466 Byogor. king of Aleines, coming into italy, Anni regum britanny 3 was vanquished and slain of a Roman senator called Richomir. The year of the world 4427 The year of Christ 467 There happened a fire in Constantinople by the which a great part of the city was destroyed. The year of the world 4428 Anni regum britanny 4 The year of Christ Athemius was sent into Italy of Leo, Anni regum britanny 6 emperor of the east, The year of the world 4430 to take on him the imperial authority at Rome, and governance of the west, between this Anthemius, and a noble man of his affinity, called Riohomir was great strife and variance, for which the said Anthemius was after deposed. The year of the world 4431 The year of Christ 470 Seruandus, lieutenant of Gallia, Anni regum britanny 7 naming himself emperor, was banished by Anthemius. Childericus was again restored to his regalitee in France: and soon after subdued a Saxon prince named Onager, and conquered the cite of Orliance: and passing over the river of Leyr, subdued to his signory the country of Angeo and Maine. VOrtigier obtained again the kingdom of great Britain, Anni regum britanny 1 and reigned after this time ix years: The year of the world 4432 The year of Christ 471 but shortly after, Hengistus (which was chased of Uortimer in to the isle of Thanet) pierced the land with a numbered of saxons: but when he heard of the great assemble that the Britain's made against him, he treated for peace, which in fine was concluded. Anni regum britanny 2 Romanus, a senator of Rome, The year of the world 4433 The year of Christ 472 affected by privy means the empire, and was therefore beheaded. Asper likewise at Constantinople laid privy wait to slay the emperor Leo, and named his son Cesar: which treason being detected, he and his son, were put to death. Gensericus, king of the Uandales, endeavoured once again to invade Italy: but he was driven back of Basilicus a Roman captain, and constrained, with dis●woorship to return to Africa, whence he came. Ualamir and Theodomir, The year of the world 4434 kings of the Ostrogothes breaking into Illiria, Anni regum britanny 3 and wasting that country, The year of Christ 473 ceased not until the emperor Leo had granted to them Hungary and Mesia to inhabit, and took of them Theodoricus, the young son of Theodomir for hostage. Leo sent Olymbrias to depose Anthemius emperor of Rome, for discord that had been of long time between him and his kinsman Richomir. Anni regum britanny 4 Richomir slew Anthemius in Rome, after whom Olymbrias governed the empire vii months. The year of the world 4435 The year of Christ 474 Anni regum britanny 5 At Ravenna, The year of the world 4439 the soldiers named Clicerius to be emperor of Rome. The year of Christ 475 The saxons in Britain, by privy guile and treason, got the king Uortigier into their hands, and kept him as prisoner: and by that means constrained the king to grant unto them three countries in the land of Britain (that is to say) Kent, Sussex, Suff. North. Than Hengist began his lordship over Kent, and sending for m●e saxons, to bewelde the other provinces, shortly after made war upon the Britain's, and so chased them, that he kept his kingdom of Kent in peace and war .24. years. Uortiger fled into Wales, and there builded a castle, of which building and impediment of the same, and of his prophet Marlyne, the common voice of the people speaketh many things. Con●annus for so much as the children of his brother Congallus were but young, was ordained king of Scots, and guided them in good peace and quietness a long space: but at the last he was slain for extortion, that Tomset his chancellor used in his name. The year of the world 4437 The year of Christ 476 Nepos, a senator, Anni regum britanny 6 deposed Clicerius from the imperial authority, and causing him to be ordained bishop of Solonae, a city of Dalmacie, by force was made emperor of Rome, to the great unquietness of Italy. Leo, emperor of Constantinople, departed out this life. After whom Zenon was advanced to thegovernance of the west empire. This Zenon was a man of unknown birth, no less il favoured and deformed in manners than in visage and countenance. He reigned xiii years, not as an emperor, but like a cruel tyrant. Perosas, king of Persians, was vanquished in battle and chased of certain of the Huns, which were sparkled into those parts. The year of the world 4438 The year of Christ 477 While Zenon was absent from Constantinople, Anni regum britanny 7 Uerrina his wife's mother advanced Basilicus his brother to the imperial dignity: whereof when Zenon had witting, he fled into his country Isauria, purposing to lead there a private life. But shortly after being restored to the empire, he exiled Basilicus, with his son, to Lemnis, where they both were famished to death. Nepos, emperor of Rome, sent a captain, named Orestes, to defend the parts of Gallia from the incursions of the wisigothes: who coming to Ravenna, by treason advanced his son Augustulus to the imperial crown: whereof when Nepos had knowledge, he fled to Dalmotia. Than Orestes, with his son Augustulus, made league and bond of friendship with the Uandales, which ruled Africa: thinking, that if they were his friends, he should possess the empire in quiet. But while he feared the south, a greater storm and tempest came from the north. For the Barbarous people, called Heruli, and the Turinges, Anni regum britanny 8 with their captain Odoacer, The year of the world 4439 The year of Christ 478 breaking into Italy, slew the said Orestes, and wasted the countrei more cruelly, than any had done before this time. And at the city of Rome this Odoacer took on him the imperial crown, and reigned as emperor of Italy xu years. Than had the Barbarous people the dominion almost of all the empire. The wisigothes ruled in Spain, the Aleines in Guian and Gascoin the Frenchemen in the residue of France: in Africa the Uandales, the saxons in Britain, the Ostrogothes in Miso and Hungary, in Italy, and in the city of Rome He rules and Turinges, only the name of the empire remained with Zenon in the east. The lombards, with their king Andoyn, The year of the world 4440 The year of Christ 479 begins first to inhabit the country near to the river Dunake or Danube. Anni regum britanny 9 Aurely, surnamed Ambrose, and Uter the brethren of Constant, king of Britain, which was slain by the treason of Uortiger, landed with a manner of ships at To●nes: and by the help of Britain's, which gathered to them in all haste, made war upon Uortiger, and burned him in his castle in wales, where he kept him for his most sure defence. Anni regum britanny Aurelius' Ambrose was ordained king of Britain's: which immediately sped him with an army toward York; against Oeia son of Hengist, The year of the world 4442 The year of Christ 481 which with his saxons kept that city, where he discomfited and took prisoner, the said Octa. The history of scotland saith, that the Pictes and Scots were allied with this Ambrose, and made them partakers and chief doers in all the victories, that the Britains achieved against the saxons. Anni regum britanny 2 A Saxon, named Hella, with his three sons, The year of the world 4443 The year of Christ 482 and a company The year of the world 4002 of saxons, landed in the south part of Britain, slew the Britain's, and chased many of them into deserts and wood●es, and subdued the countries of Southeraie, Somerset, Devonshire, Cornwall, and was called the kingdom of South saxons. Zeno made league with the Uandales, without prescript of time, which continued to the reign of justine. Clodoveus was made king of France, after his father Childrike, The year of the world 4445 The year of Christ 484 and reigned xxx years. Anni regum britanny 4 In his time he made war against the Almains and Burgonions, and over came them in battle. He was the first Christened king of France, and was also called Clodoveus Louis. Theodoricus, king of the Ostrogothes, being entirely loved ofZenon the emperor, was made consul of Rome. The year of the world 4447 The year of Christ 486 Honoricus, king of the Uandales in Africa, Anni regum britanny 6 being infected with the heresy of Arrius, did persecute the Christian people, and banished .334. catholic bishops. The year of the world 4450 The year of Christ 489 Theodoricus, king of the Ostrogothes, Anni regum britanny 9 obtained of Zenon the dominion of Italy. And therefore sped him with all haste against Odoacer and his people, which by force did withhold that country from the empire. By the way he vanquished Strapula king of Gepydes, and other enemies that made war upon him in his journey. The year of the world 4451 The year of Christ 490 Near to the river Soncius the said Theodorich put to flight and chased Odoacer and his host: Anni regum britanny 10 and likewise again in another battle at Uerona. The year of the world 4452 The year of Christ 491 Cabades, king of the Persians, published a law, Anni regum britanny 11 that women should be common to all men, which to their pleasure would abuse them. For the which law he was deposed of his own people (not susteigning the impiety thereof) and cast in prison: in whose place Zambases was chosen to be king. Odoacer, being overcome in battle of Theodorike, fled to Rome, and found the gates shut against him: wherewith he being sore grieved, spoiled with sword and fire as much of the country li●nge about, as he might come to. Thens he fled to Ravenna, where he was besieged of Theodorike the space of iii years. In the mean time Gundabalde, king of Burgoyne, Anni regum britanny 12 entered into Italy, The year of the world The year of Christ 492 and cruelly robbing and destroiing many rich cities, returned home with great spoil, and led with him a great numbered of prisoners. Clodoveus, king of France, took in marriage Crothilde, a maiden of excellent favour and beauty, which was right inheritor to a great part of Burgoyne, and niece to Gundabalde than king: which Gundabalde by treason had murdered his own brother, the father of the forenamed Crothilde. For which cause was after arreared deadly war between Clodovey and the king of Burgoyne. The kingdom of East saxons began in Britain under a Duke named Uffa: the kingdom whereof contained Nortff. and Suff. the kings of that lordship were called Uffynes: Great murder and vexation of the Britains was at the entering of these saxons. Odoacer, which was besieged at Ravenna being constrained with great scarcity and hunger yielded to Theodorich: Anni regum britanny 13 The year of the world 4454 The year of Christ 493 by whom both he and his son was after put to death. Theodorich when he had vanquished Odacer, was received into Rome of all the Senate and people with much mirth and gladness, and reigned as lord of Italy 3●. years, he was very desirous of peace and quietness and so profitable to all italy: and therewith so benign gentle and moderate a prince, that Rome had never a better governor chosen among the ancient senators than was this barbarous king, having his progeny of the rude people of the Goths, he gave much to the church, and large stipends to preachers and teachers of the word of god. But yet he favoured the heresy of Arrius, as all other Goths did. Zenon ended both his life and reign at Constantinople, after whom Anastitius obtained the imperial crown which might be numbered among the good emperors if he had not been corrupted with the heresy of Eutices, whereby he became odious to the true christians and persecuted somewhat with catholic bishops. Anni regum britanny 15 Cabades, king of the Persians, The year of the world 4456 through the diligent labour of his wife, was delivered out of prison: The year of Christ 495 and by the help of the Huns, being restored to his regalitee, made war upon the people of Armenia and Mesopotamia, and took the city Amida. Theodorich, when he had slain Odoacer, gave inhabitant to his people, called Heruli, in a part of italy near to the Alphes. Anastatius in the east recovered again the city Amida, The year of the world 4457 The year of Christ 496 that was taken of the Persians, Anni regum britanny 16 and made peace for seven. years. There happened a great tumult and dissension and, Anni regum britanny 19 almost a civil war in Rome, The year of the world 4460 The year of Christ 499 for the election of Symmachus their bishop: in the which many men were slain. This dissension was quieted by Theodorich. Transamundus, king of Uandales in Africa, banished 220. bishops, for that they resisted the heresy of Arrius. Olympus, an Arrian, blaspheming the trinity, was suddenly stricken with lightning. In the end of the reign of Aur●ly, the king of Britain, Pascentius, the youngest son of Uortiger, who for fear of Aurelius fled into Ireland, invaded this land with a great army: at which season Aurelius was sick at Wynchester, and therefore sent his brother Uter to resist the malice of Pascetius, he overcame his enemies, and in the fight slew Pascentius and Guillamour king of Ireland. In the mean time Aurelius died (as some writ) by force of poison. VTer, surnamed Pendragon, Anni regum britanny 1 was crowned king of Britain, The year of the world 4461 The year of Christ and reigned xvi years. He was enam ored upon the Duke's wife of Cornwall; and to obtain his unleeful lust, made war upon her husband Garolus, and slew him in battle. Clodoveus, king of France, warred against the Burgonions, The year of the world 4463 The year of Christ 502 Anni regum britanny 3 and annexed to his lordship all the towns and cities, lying between the river of Leyr and Seyne. Theodoricus, coming from Ravenna to Rome, showed himself very gentle, The year of the world 4464 The year of Christ 503 Anni regum britanny 4 pleasant and liberal toward the people. For he gave great plenty of corn, and repaired many ruinous places, not only in Rome, but in all Italy, which were destroyed with the eruptions of the barbarous people, and redeemed also a wonderful multitude of captives, with his own treasure. Clodoveus, the french king, kept war with the Almains: in the which when he was put to the worse, after earnest prayer made to Christ (whom Crothilde his wife did worship) he vowed, Anni regum britanny 5 The year of the world 4465 The year of Christ 504 that if he might escape that danger, and obtain the victory, he would be baptized. and receive the faith of Christ. After which victory obtained, according to his petition, he returned into France, and was baptized of the holy man Remigius, with a great part of his people. Theodoricus, to the intent he might live in quiet, entreated means of affinity with divers of the Barbarous princes. He took to wife the daughter of Clodovey king of France. He gave his sister to Honoricus king of Uandales, one of his daughters he married to the king of the wisigothes, & the other to the king of Burgoyne. Anni regum britanny 11 Anastatius the emperor builded a city in Mesopotamia, that was called after his name Anastatia. The year of the world 4471 The year of Christ 510 He walled also the city of Armenta, named Theodosia. Clodoveus made war upon Alaricus king of the wisigothes in Spain, Anni regum britanny 12 pretending this only cause, The year of the world 4472 The year of Christ 511 that he was an heretic of the sect of Arrius, and had of him the victory. And was therefore presented from the emperor Anastasius with great gifts of price and honour. And also admitted for a consul of Rome, which was at that time a dignity of most honour. For envy whereof, and because he had warred on the wisigothes, both en●mitee and cruel war was reared between Theodorich king of Italy and Clodovey of France. Anni regum britanny 13 Theodorich the son of Clodovey subdued the Albyenses, Ruthener, and Auernes: The year of the world 4473 The year of Christ 512 he conquered also Gascony and Tolous, and subdued them to the frenchmen. Uitellianus, a captain of the Romans arreared a great and dangerous commotion in the north parts: & to be at quiet received great and rich gifts of Anastatius the emperor. Clodovey, king of France, departed out of this life, leving after him four sons, Anni regum britanny 15 The year of the world 4475 The year of Christ 514 between whom the land was thus divided: the eldest son Clodomyre was appointed to the lordship of Or●lance: Theodorich to Austracie: to Childebert was given the countrei about Paris to Lothayr Soysons. Between these four brethren and their children happened great debate and deadly war for their possessions and lordships, which was partly appeased by the means of their mother Clotilde. Hormis●a, the .50. pope ix years .18. days. The year of the world 4478 The year of Christ 517 ARthur the son of Uter Pendragon, Anni regum britanny 1 a strepling of xv. years of age, began his reign over Britain, and governed the land xxvi years, having continual war, and mortal battle with the saxons, Of this Arthur be written many things in the english chronicle, of small credence, and far discordant from other writers. But yet all agree, that he was a noble and victorious prince in all his deeds: and they testify that he fought xii notable battles against the saxons, and was always victor. But notwithstanding he might not clearly void them out of his land, but that they held their countries, which they were possessed of. The year of the world 4479 The year of Christ 518 The clergy and people of Rome were brought to concord and unity, Anni regum britanny 2 which before fell at distance for the election of the Pope. The year of the world 4481 The year of Christ 520 Anastacius emperor of Constantinople, Anni regum britanny 4 being corrupted with the heresy of Eutices, published, that men should worship god, not under iii persons as a trinity, but as a quaternitee, containing in it four persons: and could not by any counsel be brought from that devilish error: but repelled from him divers bishops with great reproach, which came to persuade him the contrary. Wherefore he was not long after stricken with lightning and so lastly perished, when he had reigned xxviii years The year of Christ 521 justinus by guile and crafty means obtained the imperial authority. The year of the world 4482 Anni regum britanny 5 For with the money that was given to him to purchase the good will of the soldiers, that Theocritianus might be emperor: he bought the favour of the soldiers for himself, and of them was made emperor without resistance. This man in his youth was a swine heard, and after, giving himself to warfare, for his towardness therein, within few years waxed so expert & cunning in feats of arms, that he was advanced to high dignities, & lastly obtained the empire, which he governed with great policy and wisdom ix years. justine banished all the bishops of the Arrians, Maniche●, and other heretics, and endeavoured to restore again the pure and sincere christian faith. Anni regum britanny 6 The four kingdom of the west saxons, The year of Christ 522 began in Britain, under a Saxon called Cerdicus: The year of the world 4483 they landed first at an haven in Northff, called Yormouth. With this Saxon Cerdicus and his people, Arthur had much trouble and war. This lordship contained the west part of England, as Wiltshire, Somersetshire, Berk. Dors. and other. Anni regum britanny 7 Theodorich, king of the Ostrogothes, The year of the world 4484 The year of Christ 523 which had the governance of Italy, favouring the sect of the Arrians, and having knowledge, how that justinus did banish them from their churches: sent ambasades to the said justine, willing him to call home again the Arrians or else he would spoil italy and Rome with sword and fire. justine fearing the power of Theodorich, permitted the Arrians to return to their churches. john. 1. Pope, two. years ix months xvi days. Anni regum britanny 9 Ilderichus was made king of the Uendales in Africa. The year of the world 4486 He favoured the true faith of christ, The year of Christ 525 and called from banishment the bishops which by his predecessors had been of long time exiled. Theodorich banished pope john, which was famished to death. Theodorich put to death Simma●hus and Boetius .2. noble men of Rome, for that he falsely suspected them of treason Procopius writeth, that Theodorich (as he was at supper served with a fishes head) imagined that he saw in that fishes head, the visage of Symachus, biting his neither lip, and beholding him with a fierce and terrible countenance. With which imagination, he conceived such terror and fear: by the remorse of his conscience, that he never after prospered, but pining away ended his life. Anni regum britanny 10 Gurgenes king of Iberia, The year of the world 4487 fled to the Romans because that Cabades king of Persia, The year of Christ 526 would by force have constrained him to forsake the faith of Christ. Felix .52. Pope .4. years ii months. After the death of Theodorich, Amalasiuntha his daughter, with her young son Athalaricus, obtained the governance of Italy and Rome. The year of the world 4488 The year of Christ 527 Anni regum britanny This woman was of so great virtue and towardness and in all her behavoir had such a princely majesty, that never man did behold her without great reverence. She was a woman of wonderful silence, although she were both in Greek and latin excellently learned, and had skill in the languages of all nations, which had to do with the Roman empire. She had (I think) that sentence of Sophocles, printed in her mind, The ornament of a woman is silence. In all things pertaining to common weal, she behaved herself, with such wisdom and justice, that no man was with her offended. justinian was made emperor of Constantinople. Anni regum britanny 14 He came but of a poor kindred, The year of the world 4491 The year of Christ 530 for his mother's brother justinus, emperor before him, was but a swine hierde He suc●eded his uncle, and governed the empire nobly the space of .39. years, and augmented it honourably, and caused the laws civil, which were dispercled in infinite volumes, to be reduced into fifty books called the digests, and caused to be made four books of Institutes, and likewise the Code, containing the decrees of emperors: although he himself knew no letters. He was an excellent prince, if he had not been corrupted with the heresy of Eutices. I think this man in nothing more happy, than in that he had in his time ii noble and valiant captains (that is Bellizarus and Narses) by whose virtue and martial knighthood he utterly extinguished the power of the Goths and other barbarous people, which of long time possessed the lands of the empire. Of the noble acts of these ii captains and how unthankfully they were rewarded, somewhat hereafter shall appear. belizarius was made sovereign captain of the emperors army: and had committed to him the tuition of the east parts. In Mesopitamia he discomfited and slew the Persians, and again near to a place called Satala, he vanquished them and slew their captain Memor●e. Boniface .53. Pope ii years: 26. days. Dorotheus precedent of Armonie. Hellisteus king of Aethiops. Esimipheus king of Homecites. Anni regum britanny 16 Mercurius called also john, The year of the world 4493 The year of Christ 532 the .54. Pope ii years four months. Theudis king of the wisigothes in Spain. Cosroes was ordained king of the Persians, Anni regum britanny 18 The year of the world 4495 The year of Christ 534 and reigned .48. years, he made peace with the Romans for an ●10. years. There happened a sedition in Byzance, where Hyppatius by treason was named emperor, in the which sedition were slain .30000. men. Hyppatius the chief captain with other auctors of that commotion were taken and beheaded. Agapitus .55. Pope .11. months .18. doyes. The silk worms about this time were first brought out of India into Europe. Eugenius, the son of Congallus, was made king of Scotland after Conrannus, and reigned .34. years, the Scottish history affirmeth, that he with his Scots was present in the battles, that Mordred fought against Arthur. Anni regum britanny 19 Amalasiuntha queen of the Ostrogothes, and governor of Italy, The year of the world 4496 The year of Christ 535 after the death of her son Athalaricus chose her kinsman Theodotus to be with her partaker of the kingdom. This Theodotus was a man of little towardness, having a froward and ungracious mind very unmeet either for martial or civil affairs. And yet was he both in Greek and latin exceedingly well learned, and followed Plato's discipline. He wrote an history of the notable acts of his time. Theodotus, king of the Ostrogothes, by the counsel of Amalasiuntha, fought prosperously against the Burgonions and Almains which were sent to Theodobert king of Austracie, to spoil Lyguria, Aemilia, and the country of Uenece. The Uandales ordained Gilimer their king, and cast Ilderich, Ameres, and E●agenes in prison. Theudis king of the wisigothes in Spain .17. years. Theodotus without cause banished Amalasiuntha into Tusci●, and there commanded her to be beheaded, nothing mindful of the benefit which he had of her received. The year of the world 4497 The year of Christ 535 Anni regum britanny 20 shortly after he sent Agapitus Pope of Rome, in ambasade to justinian, to excuse his wicked de●de. For he emperor threatened, that he would revenge the death of that noble woman. Silverius for money was made Pope, by Theodotus. justinian dismissed from warfare all Pagans and heretics. belizarius vanquished the Uandales in Africa, and took their king Gilamir in plain field whom he sent to the emperor. He recovered again Carthage with all Africa to the Roman empire .69. years after it was first won and withholden by the Uandales. The same belizarius, Anni regum britanny 21 being sent of the emperor to deliver italy from the Goths, The year of the world 4498 The year of Christ 537 sped him first into Sycilie where he remained a certain time, pretending no cause of enmity with the Goths: but sedeynly set upon the city Chrina, which he took with other more, and by the last day of his consulship, subdued all Sicilia, that was wholly before under the power of the Goths. The year of the world 4499 The year of Christ 538 Uigilius the .57. Pope .18. years Anni regum britanny 22 belizarius passed from Sicilia to Africa, to withstand the tyranny of Stoza, who had beset Carthage with a strong siege. And when he had subdued his enemies and quieted that province, he hetourned into Italy In this pastime the Goths invaded Delmatia against whom went Mauritius a young man of lusty courage, the son of a noble man called Mundus who in the fight was of them taken and slain: whereof when his father Mundus had witting as a man in rage or fury, made toward the Goths, and at the first encounter vanquished them, and pursued so eagerly, that unwares he fell into the hands of his enemies, and of them was slain. G●ipa a captain of the Goths, took the city Solone and expelled the Romans out of Delmatia. belizarius coming to Italy, took Naples and divers other cities. Anni regum britanny 23 Theodotus, for his cowardice, The year of the world 4500 The year of Christ 539 was deposed of the Goths: and a valiant warrior, named Uitigis, chosen king in his place: which reigned .v. years. By the commandment of this Uitigis Theodotus was slain of Optaris. belizarius was received into Rome, and the Goths expelled Constantianus, one of the captains under belizarius recovered from the Goths Delmatia and L●burnia Childebert Clodomir and Lothayr, kings of france made sharp war upon Sigismunde, king of Burgoyne in the which Clodomir was slain. But the other brethren maintained the war in such wise, that the took Sigismunde, with his wife and children, and obtained the portion of Burgoyne, which by inheritance was dew to their mother Clotilde. Anni regum britanny 24 Uitigis king of the Goths, compassed the city of Rome with a herd and dangerous siege: The year of the world 4501 The year of Christ 540 by mean whereof was great famine and scarcity in Rome. Arthur, the Britain, when after many and divers battles, he had set his land in some quietness, he betook the rule thereof to his nephew Mordrod, and with a choose army (as sayeth Galfride and other) sailed into France: where he did marvelous things, and vanquished Lusius Hybertus, the Roman captain, which thing seemeth not to agree with other histories. Childebert, king of middle france, hearing that Almaricus king of the wisigothes in Spain miss entreated his sister, made war upon him, took the city Talet and lastly him subdued, and set his sister in her former estate. Uitigis scent ambasade to Cosroes, king of Persians, The year of the world 4502 The year of Christ 541 willing him to make war upon the Roman empire. Anni regum britanny 25 The kings of France warred against the wisigothes in Spain, and constrained them by force to forswear the heresy of Arrius, & embrace the true faith of Christ. The feast of the purification of our lady was first ordained for a great pestilence that reigned at Constantynople. Syluerius, Pope was banished of Theodora the empress. After that Belizarius had received new aid into Rome, from the emperor, Uitigis the Gothe, left the siege, and made league for four months. Alb●ynas, king of Lombardy, kept deadly war against the Gepides whom he discomfited and put to flight, and slew in battle their king Commundus and of his skull made a masarre, which he used ever after in his banquets. After which time the Gepydes had no king over them. but were partly confounded with the Lombard's, partly subject to the Bavares. The year of the world 4503 The Huns invaded Europe, Anni regum britanny 26 and spoiled the country even to Byzance: The year of Christ 542 they destroyed the city Potidea and returning to their country took with them .12000. prisoners. Germanus the Roman depute, subdued Stoza, which rebelled again in Africa. Milan, with divers noble cities, forsaking the Goths yielded to Bellyzarius. The Goths besieged Arminum, and were driven from thence by the policy of belizarius. Milan was again yielded to the Goths. The year of the world The year of Christ 543 Coiroes' king of Persians, breaking his league, warred upon the provinces of the empire, Anni regum britanny 27 and took the city Antioch. belizarius by knightly force subdued Ravenna, and took Uitigis king of the Goths, and brought him to constantinople to the emperor, the .v. year after he began to make war in italy. After which time Fortune changed her copy, and the Goths by the negligence of the Roman captains, with wondrous success, had always the upper hand. Morded which had the governance of Britain, in the absence of Arthur, by treason was crowned king, through the help of Cerdicus king of west saxons. Of which treason when relation came to Arthur being then in France, with all haste he made into Britain. where he was met of Mordred, which gave to him. ●. strong battles, in the which many noble and valiant knights perished: and lastly, in a battle fought beside Glastenburie, Mordred was slain, & Arthur wounded unto death. The Scots say that this Mordred was king of Pietes, and that Arthur was slain in battle, the Britain's discomfited, and Guanora the queen taken prisoner by the Scots with great spoil. Anni regum britanny 1 COnstantine, kinsman to Arthur, The year of the world 4504 The year of Christ 543 by assent of the Britains was ordained king of Britain and reigned iii years. This man was by the two sons of Mordred grievously vexed, for they claimed the land by the right of their father, so that between them was fought sundry battles: in the which lastly the two brethren were vanquished and slain. Gildas the englisheman flourished in the time of this Constantine. Anni regum britanny 2 Ildovadus was chosen king of the Goths in Italy, The year of the world 4505 The year of Christ 544 and reigned ii years, he subdued again to his lordship, all the country of Uenece, and the land lying between the river Po, or Padus and the Alps. He overcame in battle Uitalis the Roman captain, and slew of his soldiers a great multitude. belizarius was made captain against the Persians, which breaking their league, warred upon the provinces of the empire: the city Sisauranum was yielded, with others. Anni regum britanny 3 Ildovadus put to death a noble man of the Goths named Urayas. The year of the world 4506 The year of Christ 545 For envy whereof he was slain of his own men: and one Ardaricus chosen king in his place who reigned only .v. months. Aurelius Conamus, a Britain, arreared mortal war against Constantine the king, and after sore fight slew him in the field e, when he had reigned iii years. Aurelius' Conanus, was crowned king of Britain he was noble, Anni regum britanny hardy, The year of the world 4507 The year of Christ 546 and therewith very liberal But he was a man, that cherished such as loved strife and dissension within his realm, and gave light credence to them, which accused other, were it right or wrong. He took by strength his uncle which was right heir to the crown: and died when he had reigned iii years. Totilas, a puissant and valiant warrior, was chosen king of the Goths in Italy, and reigned ii years. He was not only mighty in arms, but also benign, gentle and showed great favour to them, that were on him overcome: whereby he subdued more than by dint of sword. By knightly force and policy he vanquished the Romans, and took in battle all the imperial insygnes. The year of the world 4850 The year of Christ 547 The kingdom of northumberland began first in Britain under a Saxon named Ida. Anni regum britanny 2 This lordship was first divided into ii kingdoms, the one was called Deyra, which contained the land from Humbre to Tyne, the other brenitia, which included the country from Tyne to the Scottish sea. After this day the Britain's discreased daily in lordship and rule, and drew them toward Wales, so that the country about Chester was the chief of their lordship. Totilas the Gothe subdued Brutia, Calabria, Apulia and Lucania, he vanquished and took Demetrius the Roman captain, and recovered again the city of Naples. VOrtiporius, the son of Conanus, was ordained king of Britain: The year of the world 4509 The year of Christ 548 of whom is little memory left, Anni regum britanny 1 saving that Guydo testifieth him to be a victorious prince, and that he in divers battles discomfited the saxons. justinian the emperor made peace with Cosroes king of Persians for vii years. The Herules, about the river Dunaude overcame the S●la●●nes. Art●banes a Roman delivered Africa and Carthage from the cruelty of atyranne named Gontharis. justinian was constrained of necessity, to send Bell●zarius again into Italy, to withstand the fury of the Goths. john provost of Africa: Anni regum britanny 2 subdued the people of Mauritania, The year of the world 4510 The year of Christ 549 rebelling against the empire, and chased them to the uttermost parts of Africa. A general synod holden at Constantinople against the error of Theodorus, where it was concluded, that our lady was the mother of god, and not of man only. The year of the world 4510 The year of Christ 550 Totilas, Anni regum britanny 3 by force of arms, dearth, and famine, subdued well near all Italy: and after long siege, took the city of Rome, and spoiled it with sword and fire, overthrowing the walls and towers even to the ground. He expelled all the citisyns out, and left the city almost desert, that it should not after aid or secure his enemies. A great earthquake was almost in all parts of the world. Anni regum britanny 4 The year of the world 4512 The year of Christ 551 In Misia a quave of the earth swallowed the middle part of the city, with many of the inhabitance, where the voice of them, that were swallowed, was herd, crying for help and secure. The Slavines invaded Illiria, by whom that country was after called Sclauonie. belizarius recovered the city of Rome, being almost desolate. And within the space of .24. days, repaired the city, and builded the walls in such wise, that he withstood many great & dangerous assaults of Totilas Theudis, king of Spain, was murdered of the goths, for that he in his array resembled rather a diserde or stage player, than a prince and governor. MAlgo, a Duke of britaine, The year of Christ 552 began his reign over the Britain's, Anni regum britanny 1 and governed them .35. years: The year of the world 4513 as writer's accord, this Malgo was the comeliest and most personable man of all the Britain's than living, and therewith endued with knightly manhood: but he delighted in the foul sin of Sodomy: and therefore was greatly persecuted of his enemies the saxons. The Barbarous people obtained the dominion of all the west parts of the empire. Tendesilius, king of the wisigothes in Spain, when he had reigned not full one year, was deposed and put to death by his people, because he ravished certain noble matrons at Hyspali. After him was ordained Agila, which reigned .v. years. Anni regum britanny 2 The Romans, and the people called Lazi, The year of the world 4514 being with them confederate, vanquished the Persians' near to Petra. The year of Christ 553 The Slavines chased the Romans in the country of Illiria. belizarius returned from Italy to Constantinople, partly by the intercession of his wife Antonine, partly for that he dispeired that Italy might be recovered from the dominion of the Goths, whose power was at this time wonderfully increased. The Goths spoiled and wasted the island of Sicily. Germanus a noble man of Constantinople, was sent into Italy by the emperor against the Goths: who in his journey died in Illiria. Totilas king of the Goths, Anni regum britanny 3 by the treason of certain soldiers of Isauria, The year of the world 4515 The year of Christ 554 obtained again the city of Rome at which time he did not spoil it, as he had done before, but so costly repaired many places, and used such clemency and gentleness toward the citesins: that he was now counted as a father, which before had been a cruel tyrant and spoiler. Lothayre king of Soysons in France committed the rule of the province of Guian to his eldest son Cramiris: who, contrary to the mind of his father, oppressed the people with exactions: and was therefore commanded by his father to return from thence. Cramiris being herewith greatly moved fled to his uncle Childebert, whom he stirred to make war upon his own father. Chameris was taken of his father in battle, and burned with his wife and children. Narses a noble and valiant knight, was ordained captain of the wars in Italy. The year of the world 4516 The year of Christ 555 Anni regum britanny 4 This man was no less renowned for his pietee and godliness, than for his warly policy and martial knighthood, and therewith (of nature) was gentle and liberal. Under him fortune smiled again upon the empire, and the power of the Goths decayed. The Goths spoiled & rob the countries of Grece called Corcira▪ Ehiru●, Acarnania, Aetolya, and also greatly troubled the seas. near to the city Ancon the Roman capitatnes (in a battle on the sea) vanquished and slew the Goths, and destroyed many of their ships: and after that, setting on land, chased them with great slaughter of men. Pelagius .58. pope .11. years. The great beneficence, gentleness, and liberality of justinian moved many strange princes, to strength & aid him in the wars against the Goths in Italy. Anni regum britanny 5 Narses, with a puissant and mighty army▪ The year of the world 4517 The year of Christ 556 entered Italy. At Tagina, by the help of the Lombard's, the Goths were put to flight, and their king Totilas slain with vi thousand, of his soulidiours. Narses sped him in all haste toward Rome. Gobazer was king of the Lazes, sometime called Cholci. Mermoroer, captain of the Persians in the east, recovered Petra & overcame the Romans for which cause Bessa the Roman captain, was disgraded, and discharged of his army. Te●as a valiant knight was ordained king of the Goths: Anni regum britanny 6 The year of the world 4518 The year of Christ 557 who forthwith made league with Amingo and Lothayre the kings of Burgoyne and France, and of them received great aid against Narses. Narses recovered the city of Rome, at Tarentum the Goths were discomfited. Sysu●ldus king of the Brentes or Herules, which hitherto took part with the emperor, forsook Narses, and allied him with the frenchmen and Lombard's, and together with them, over run the country of italy, both against the Goths and also the Romans. Italy on all parts was assailed with most cruel wars. For Narses dividing his pussiancie▪ in divers parts, set upon the Goths, and the cities with them confederate. And in like manner Teias seperatinge his Goths in sundry costs, warred upon the friends of the empire. The Persians, about Onagaris, with great reproach chased and slew the romans. Agila king of Spain, was murdered of his own people. Anni regum britanny 7 Narses vanquished, and utterly subdued the Goths in a battle near to Niceria: The year of the world 4519 The year of Christ 559 in the which Teias was slain, with a hundred thousand soldiers. After which victory, both the kingdom and name of the Ostrogothes decayed in Italy. This happened .64. years after the goths first possessed Italy under their king Theodorich. Athanagildus was after Agila king of the Goths in Spain, he reigned .14. years. The year of the world 4520 The year of Christ 559 Narses remained as governor of Italy xvi years. Anni regum britanny 8 The year of the world 4521 The year of Christ 560 Martinus and justinus, Anni regum britanny 9 the emperors captains in in the east parts, overcame the Persians, and slew of them xii thousand. Zates was ordained king of the lazar by the emperor. The year of Christ 561 Narses, after the death of Teias, Anni regum britanny 10 granted peace to the Ostrogothes, The year of the world 4522 and received by dedition all the cities of Tuscia. The Goths conspired with the frenchmen and Burgonions (which feared the prosperous success of Narses) and invaded the parts of Italy near to France. But thea in two battles were vanquished by Dagiste us the Roman, Uuidis, captain of the Goths, was taken, and sent to Constantinople. Amingo Duke of the burgonions, was slain. Lothayre, king of France escaped by flight. justinus was made provost of Armenia and Cholcis. Anni regum britanny 11 The year of the world 4523 The year of Christ 562 Cosroes king of Persians, made peace with the emperor. A great earthquake, wherewith the city Berincho was overthrown, and the isles called Coi, grievously shaken Lothayre king of France died, and left after him iiii. sons, which were all of perverse and froward disposition, and specially Arithbertus, the elder, who in filthy pleasure was more corrupt than any woman and ended his life in the embracing of harlots. Chilberich reigned in France, with his brethren, and after their disease .24. years. He was wrapped in mortal war and trouble of the world, sometime by right sometime by wrong. For between these brethren happened often debate and strife. He took to wife Golsanda the king of Spain's daughter, whom he did after repudiat, casting unlawful love to one of her maidens, called Fredegunda. For whose sake, he put from him also his second wife An●ouera, a woman of great birth, and made the said Fredegunda queen. Anni regum britanny 15 In the latter days of justinian the Huns wasted the country of Thracia and Grece, The year of the world 4527 The year of Christ 566 and were vanquished and slain by the noble captain belizarius: whose end I think worthy of memory, that we may thereby consider the ingratitude of men toward those persons, at whose hand the common weal hath received most high benefits. This noble man, by whose policy and knighthood the Persians were vanquished, the Uandales subdued, Africa recovered again to the empire, & many triumphant victories achieved on the Goths: in his later days was constrained to beg his bread from door to door, and lastli, as a miserable beggar ended his life. For justinian the emperor, for a light cause and small trifle bereft him of his sight, and sent him in exile. Germanus a Roman captain, in a battle on the sea vanquished a great multitude of the Huns and again on the land utterly subdued the remnant. john the .59. Pope .12. years .11. months. Anni regum britanny 17 justinus the second, The year of the world 4529 The year of Christ 568 after the death of justinian ob●teined the imperial crown. A man surprised with pride contemning poverty, and most cruelly murdered the nobility. In avarice his desire was so unsatiate, that he caused iron chests to be prepared, in the which he might lock up that treasure, that by unjust exactions he had extorted of the people. He fell also into the heresy of Pelagian, and not long after was bereft of his wits and so ended his life when he had reigned xi years. Sigibert, duke of Austracie having aid of his brother Chilberich, warred upon the Suitzers, and them vanquished. Conwall was ordained king of Scots and reigned x. years. He was a man of great devotion and gave much to churches. He made many laws concerning the liberty of priests. In his time S. Colme of Ireland, and Mungo the holy bishop of Blasquew were in scotland. The year of Christ 571 Narses by whose knighthood and wisdom the Goths were expelled out of Italy, The year of the world 4532 Anni regum britanny 20 by the envious complaint of certain noble men, and the malicious suggestion of Sophia the empress, was sent for by letters from Italy and because he was an Eunuch, with words of reproach commanded to return to Constantinople, to distribute flax and yarn to the emp●resse handmaidens, with which words he being greatly mened, wrote again in this wise. That for their unkindness he would begin to spin such a thread, that the empress with all her power; should never be able to make an end thereof. And forthwith departed from Rome to Naples, where he remaining, enticed the Lombard's to war upon Italy. Childerich son of Soysons in France repudyate his second wife Golsand, & took Fredegunda a woman of excellent beauty, whom before time he had used as his wife. The year of Christ 572 Longinus was sent of the emperor to succeed Garses in the governance of Italy: The year of the world 4533 Anni regum britanny 21 who ordained and brought to new magistrates in Rome called exarchi, and changed much the ancient form of governance of italy. Athanagildus' king of Spain, died at Tolet. After him succeeded Limba: who after iii years gave the principate to his brother Leonogildus. Narses by the counsel of john the Pope, Anni regum britanny 22 was called again to Rome, The year of Christ 573 and made consul, unwitting to the emperor. The year of the world 4534 Narses ended her life in Rome, Anni regum britanny 23 after which time the Lombard's invaded Italy, The year of the world 4535 The year of Christ 574 leving the country of Panonie to the Huns, of whom it was after called Hungary. The Lombard's partly by force, partly by dedition, received Uincentia, Uerona, Milan and divers other cities of Italy. The year of Christ 575 It was not long from this time that war was arreared The year of the world 3536 between Chilperich of France and his mother Segibert Anni regum britanny 24 for certain land that he claimed of his brother Chilperich at first had somewhat the fordele, but in fine peace was concluded. Leonogilduswas ordained king of the wisigothes in Spain, and reigned xviii years. He chased the Suytzers out of Spain, and slew their king And●ca 17●. years after they had first settled their kingdom in that country. Anni regum britanny 25 Chilperich broke the league made with his brother Sigibert: The year of the world 4537 The year of Christ 576 and sent his son Clodovey to war upon the town called Bordeaux, in the province of Neustria. Alboynus king of Lombard's, Anni regum britanny 26 conquered Pavia: The year of the world 4538 and possessed all Gallia Cisalpina (now called lombardy) and a great part of italy lying next to the Alps. The year of Christ 577 Entreaty of peace was made between Chilperich and Sigibert: who being accorded fell at agreement, to make war upon their third brother Gunthranus. Anni regum britanny 27 Alboynus king of Lombard's, The year of the world 4539 The year of Christ 578 at a banquet (drinking in a masarre being made of the skull of Commundus his wife's father) with words of reproach, minded his wife of her father's death. Wherewith she being grieved, and intending to revenge her father's quarrel, first committed adultery with a noble young man, called Helmelchildis and after enticed him to slay her husband: which thing done, they fought fearing the cruelty of the Lombard's, fled to Longinup lieutenant of Italy, taking with them great treasure and riches: Ethelbert, king of the saxons in Kent, gave battle to Ceawlmus king of the west saxons: in which fight were slain ii Dukes of Ethelbert, and himself with his people chased. This was the first war between the saxons, after they had land and dwelling within the country of Britain. Kinnatil brother of Conwallus reigned in scotland iiii. months, and after him Aidane .27. years. In his time variance happened between the Pictes and Scots because that Lerudeus king of Pictes would not restore to Aidane certain traitors which fled out of his land. justine the emperor, died: after whom Tiberius chief governor under him, Anni regum britanny 28 The year of the world 4540 The year of Christ 579 and by adoption his son obtained the empire. This man was wise, valiant, just, merciful, liberal toward the poor, and in religion a true Christian. He on a time seeing in the floor of his palace the sign of the cross upon a great marble stone, moved with religion, commanded the stone to be taken up: under the which he found an other like unto the same, & under that the iii and the fourth: which all being removed, he found in the same place unestimable riches of money. And moreover, the treasure also that Narses had hid in the ground, was to him disclosed, which war almost innumerable. And the great riches that Rosimunde brought into Italy, to Longine the lieutenant, he also received. Thus god provideth for liberal princes that be good to the poor. Rosimunde, by the counsel of Longinus, lieutenant of Italy, gave poison to her new husband Holmelchildis: who immediately perceiving the strength of the poison by him received, enforced her to drink the remnant. And so they both ending their iives with one poison, were worthily rewarded for the adultery and murder by them before committed. Cutwalphus, the son of Cerdicus, king of the west saxons, fought valiantly against the Britain's, and bereft them of four great towns. Clephis, a fierce and outrageous tyrant, was chosen king of Lombard's, which subdued to his lordship divers cities of Italy: and not long after, for his purveyance, was slain of his own people. Sigibert, making sharp war upon his brother Childerich: The year of the world The year of Christ 580 besieged him in the city of Turney, Anni regum britanny 29 & was there slain by the deceit of Fredegunde, the wifeof Chilperich. After the death of Cutwalphus, before named, his brother Ceawlmus, desirous of honour, made sharp war upon the Britain's, and took from them the famous cities of Gloucester, Worcester, and Bath. The Lombard's, after the death of Clephis, chose unto them .30. Dukes or captains, The year of the world 4542 The year of Christ 581 by whose giding, Anni regum britanny 13 with in the space of one year, they subdued, Urbina, Umbria, Picena, Pelignia, Marsie, Samnites, Campania, and divers other countries of Italy: toward the which they used most extreme cruelty. Pelagius, the. 61.x. years xi months. Ceawlmus, king of west saxons, made new war against Malgo and the Britain's, and after long war obtained of them the victory. Tiberius' the emperor chased the persians, The year of the world 4545 The year of Christ 584 and drove them out of the bounds of the Empire. Anni regum britanny 33 The year of the world 4546 The year of Christ 585 He recovered again Mesopotamia, Anni regum britanny 34 and returned with great pray, and yrches. The Lombard's, perceiving the Romans to be greatly aided of the frenchmen, puisantlye invaded the country of France, called Narbone, where they chased the Burgonions, and slew Ama●us the emperors deputy, with a great number of soldiers. Anni regum britanny 1 CAreticus began to rule the britains. This man (as witnesseth all writers) loved civil war, The year of the world 4547 The year of Christ 586 and was so audible both to god and also to his subjects, that they excited the saxons to war upon him: which took from him a great part of his land. Mauritius, after the death of Tiberius' the ii was ordained emperor at Constantinople, and reigned .21. years. This man sent a great sum of money to Chil●erich, one of the kings of france, to the intent he should make war upon the Lombard's. The Roman capitain Mummolus, by the help of the frenchmen, Anni regum britanny 2 put to flight the Lombard's in the borders of France. The saxons, which accompanied the Lombard's, when they first invaded Italy, forsook them, The year of the world 4548 The year of Christ 587 and made alliance with Sigibert king of Austracie: and shortly after returned toward their own country. The saxons in their return were discomfited and slain of the people called Suevi: Anni regum britanny 3 The year of the world 4549 The year of Christ 588 which since that time held the country, that is now called Suavia or Suave. Laudrie, one of the Dukes of Soysons in france, fearing that his adultery, committed with the queen Fredegunde should be disclosed, by her counsel slew Chilperich the king. Chilperich, lest after him one young son, named Clothayre, whom his mother Fredegunde committed to the tuition of Gunthranus his uncle, and than king of orleans. The saxons, hearing of the dissension between Caretius and his Britain's, accompanying them with Gurmundus, king of Ireland, made war upon him: in such wise, that it was fain to take the town of Sycester: where they assaulted him so sore, that he with his men fled from thence into Wales: by which means he lost a great part of his dominion▪ and shortly after ended his life. THe britains, which were chased of their enemies into Wales (as I before said) held them in that parts, The year of the world 4550 The year of Christ 589 Anni regum britanny 1 and assaulted the saxons somewhile in one cost, and somewhile in an other, under sundry Dukes, and so continued the space of .24. years. Gregory was sent to the emperor, to excuse Pelagius for that he was chosen and admitted bishop of Rome without his consent. A noble man of Constantinople, named Smaragdus▪ Anni regum britanny 2 was ordained lieutenant of Italy, The year of the world 4551 The year of Christ 590 and sent of the emperor with an army, to deliver Italy from the Lombard's. Who at his coming took the town called Classense, discomfited the Lombard's, and slew their captain Feroaldus, with many of his soldiers. The Lombard's, which had been the s●are of ten years without a king, The year of the world 4552 The year of Christ 591 under the governance of Dukes, Anni regum britanny 3 ordained to their king a valiant young man, called Antharis, the son of Clephis. Leon●gil●us, king of Spain, slew his own son Hermengilde, because he would not consent to the heresy of Arrius. In Britain Ethelfr●dus governed the north saxons, who made such continual war upon the Britain's, The year of the world 4553 The year of Christ Anni regum britanny 4 and chased them so sore, that it is thought he slew more of them than all the other Saxon kings. By his cruelty the faith of Christ was almost utterly extinguished among the Britain's, which had continued since the time of Lu●ie, about .400. years: and many of the britains were chased of the land. An●haris, king of Lombard's, invaded ●ystria, and spoiled the country with sword and fire. The year of the world The year of Christ 593 Anni regum britanny 5 He discomfited Fransilyo the precedent of Gallia Cisalpina, and took the city Cumus. By overmuch rain happened a great flood in all the country of Italy: so that the rivers overflowed many cities and towns, to the great damage of the inhabytauntes, by which unseasonable weather rose also great dearth, pestilence, and famine: by occasion whereof Gregory ordained first the latinie to be song in 7. parts. Richaredus was ordained king of Spain. This man calling a counsel at Tolet, condemned the heresy of Arrius, and caused the catholic faith to be received of his people. Anni regum britanny 6 Childebert, one of the kings of France, gave his sister in marriage to Richaredus of Spain, The year of the world 4555 The year of Christ 594 rejecting the affinity of Anthar●s the Lumbarde: who also desired his sister to wife. Antharis married Teudelina, the daughter of the king of bavarie. Chidebert, king of France, making war upon the bavarians, chased their king Gariabalde out of this country and possessed his lordship of bavarie. Teudelina, with her brother Gondoald, fled into Italy to Anthaxis. Childebert besieged the city of Trent in italy, and spoiled the country there about, with much cruelty whereby he put the Lombard's in great dread, & caused them to fear much his power. Luiba, the son of Richaredus, was king of Spain two. years v▪ months. He was slain by the treason of Uictec●s. Agi●u●phus succeeded Antharis in the kingdom of Lombardy: Anni regum britanny 7 The year of the world 4556 The year of Christ 595 who forthwith made peace with the french men. Gunthranus king of orleans, made Childebert his heir. Aldaine, king of Scots, being confederate with the Britain's, about this time, warred fiercely against Ethelfride king of Northumberlande and the Pieces, and overthrew them in ii great battles. Gregory the first (surnamed the great was ordained bishop of Rome. This man, because that Italy had been of long time disturbed with continual wars: and therefore all things out of honest orber, entending to reduce the church to some good and commendable form of religion, ordained divers new ceremonies, which in process of time, by his followers, brought into the church divers abuses well near untolerable. The year of Christ 596 Romanus, being ordained lieutenant in Italy, Anni regum britanny 8 recovered many towns, The year of the world 4557 cities, and castles, to the dominion of the emperor. The Britain's, being chased out of their country into Wales, the saxons obtained the whole dominion of this island, saving a part of Scotland, which was subject to the Pictes and Scots. Uictericus king of Spain. He was slain of his people, The year of the world 4558 The year of Christ 597 when he had reigned vii years. Anni regum britanny 9 Gregory sent Augustine, Melitus, and john, with other godly and well learned men, The year of the world 4568 The year of Christ 599 Anni regum britanny 11 to preach the christian faith to the angels: which were first received of Ethelbert king of Kent, whom they converted to the faith. with divers of his people. This Ethelbert (as some men writ) first began to build saint Paul's church in London. The year of the world 4564 The year of Christ 603 The first contention for the primacy of Rome began between Gregory and john, Anni regum britanny 15 patriarch of Constantinople. For M●uritius the emperor, commanded, that john of Constantinople should be proclaimed the universal bishop, or chief prelate. But Gregory bishop of Rome would in no wise suffer that, saying, that no man ought to claim among Christian men, to be the universal bishop. For he that so did diminished the honour of other bishops. For this cause was great enmity between Gregory and the emperor Mauritius. In so much that he willed the Lombard's to invade the city of Rome, The year of the world 4565 The year of Christ 604 Gallinicus, the four lieutenant of italy, Anni regum britanny 16 made peace with Agilulphus the king of Lombard's. Childebert king of orleans in France, ordained the Tassilo to be king of bavarie. This Tassilo, by the will of Childebert, endevoired by force of arms to bring the Slavines to the faith of Christ. But Cacamnus their king so manfully withstood, that he slew and destroyed well near the whole host of Tassilo. The Huns, making war in Pannonie, were discomfited and slain by Theodosius and Germanus the emperors captains, & the country of Pannonie was recovered to the empire: wherewith the Lumbards' found themselves grieved: because they gave inhabitant to the Huns in that country at their departing. Go●damiris, king of Spain▪ reigned ii years. Childebert of France was slain with poison. The year of the world 4566 The year of Christ 605 He left after him ii sons. Anni regum britanny 17 Theodobert, to whom he gave Austracie: and Theodorich, which had the province of Burgoyne. The Saracens spoiled and destroyed a great part of Sicily. Smaragdus was again made lieutenant in italy, after the death of Gallinicus. Rome was besieged a whole years space by Agilulph us king of Lombardy, but it was so well defended, that he departed thence in vain. The Hunues warred upon certain places of middle France, and did therein great harm. But by mean of rich gifts by them received of Brunichyld, they lest that country, and drew toward Soylons': where they were discomfited and driven back by Clothayre, being than king of that province. Mauritius the emperor, for his covetousness being audible to the people, and specially for that he received the soldiers wages, was slain by Phocas, with his wife and children, at Chalcedo. Phocas was ordained emperor of Constantinople, The year of the world 4567 The year of Christ 606 and rained viii years. Anni regum britanny 18 This man, for hap and prosperous success in war, was to the common weal right profitable: but in avarice, and over much burdeyning his people with exactions, he was no less to be blamed then his predecessor. There appeared a blazing star wonderful greatness. Kenneth Ke●● the son of Conwallus was ordained king of Scotland, and reigned only four months. And after him Eugenius the fourth of that name xu years He was a just & virtuous prince instructed in his youth by the holy man Co●me. He commanded all iuglars minstrels, scoffarres, and such idle persons either to avoid his land, or to find some honest craft to live by Agilulphus, the Lumbarde, spoiled Cremona, & took Mantua. Sisseb●t●, king of Spain reigned ix. years vii more. nethes. He received the true faith of Christ, and greatly favoured and augmented the same. He arriving in Africa, with a navy of ships, subdued to his lordship many provinces of that country. Sabinianus was made bishop of Rome. He so much envied the name of his predecessor Gregory, The year of the world 4569 The year of Christ 608 Anni regum britanny 20 that uneath he would suffer his books to be published. In his time was a great dearth and famine. About this time were seen many strange & uncouth sights, among others the monsters of the sea showed them to the people the space of half a day. Lemigius a Thracian was made the vi lieutenant in Italy. Boniface thee, iiii. was bishop of Rome vi years viii months. After the Barbarous people had disturbed the whole world with deadly & cruel wars, and infected all the west parts (specially Italy) with most habominable vices and all kind of naughty living, true learning religion and godliness greatly decayed among Christian men, and covetousness, arrogancy, a desire of worldly pomp reigned not only in the hearts of princes and the common people, but also especially of bishops and prelate's of the church: so that a little before this time john the patriarch of Constantinople, of an intolerable pride, made suit to Mauritius the emperor to be called the chief bishop, whom Gregory than bishop of Rome vehemently withstood, and wrote against him very extremely in divers epistles: saying, that he first brought in the example of Antichrist into the church, for that he claimed to him the name of an universal bishop, to the derogation of all other, with divers like words of great reproach. Upon that occasion given by john bishop of Constantinople, Boniface being now at this time made bishop of Rome, obtained of Phocas the emperor, to be called the universal and chief bishop, nothing regarding either the commandment & instruction of Christ, saying to his disciples, that they which would be highest among them, should be lowest: either else the example of godly men before time, and decrees of ancient counsels which did alway abhor that such titles and names of extreme pride, should be used in the church. For saint Cyprian writing often to Cornelius bishop of Rome, never calleth him otherwise than brother, or fellow bishop▪ the like is found in the works of Tertullian, Jerome Chrisostome, Augustine, and other ancient writers▪ yea and the counsel of Carthage hold in the year of our lord 419. (where, 217. bishops were present) because the authority of the bishop of Rome was somewhat than in controversy decreed, that none should be called the chief bishop but only in this wise the bishop of the chief see, which honour they gave than to Rome, because it was and had been the seat royal of the empire: not to establish any authority over other churches: these things I say nothing regarded. Boniface began first to usurp that primacy, that the Roman bishops have ever sense, falsely alleged to be given them by the scripture above other bishops. Wherefore, seeing that Gregory esteemed john of Constantinople to bring into the church the example of Antichrist, because he sued for the name of universal bishop: every man may easily judge, what is to be thought of all the successors of Gregory in the sea of Rome, which have not only take upon them that name to the derogation of all other bishops, as Gregory complaineth, but also to be called the head of the universal church, Christ's vicar in earth, with other names and cities of blaspgemy, to the great dishonour of god: callenging also & usurping, (under this pretence a full jurisdiction & authority not only over the whole clergy, but also over emperors, kings, and princes of the world, altering and disposing their realms and kingdoms at their own pleasure, by ree●ing of most deadly wars to the utter disturbance of all Christendom. Yea and that is most untolerable, avauntinge themself in their decrees to have authority above the word of god, and that the interpretation thereof was only in their hands: because (as they say, they could not err, & yet by their errors and devilish ordinances have brought into the church all naughty doctrine, superstition, and depraving of god's word, when rby they have well near utterly banished true religion and showed themself to be the chief head and member of Antichrist. The year of the world 4573 The year of Christ 612 Prasini and Ueneti, people of Asia,, Anni regum britanny 24 with mutual wars pursued each other very cruelly. The Huns, called Auares or Bavares, invaded the province of Forumiulii, overcame the Lombard's, & in battle slew their captain Gysulphus, whose wife Romilda being enamoured upon the beauty and comely parsonage of Cacannus, king of Huns, betrayed to him the city of Forumiulii, on this condition, that he should take her to his wife. Who used her as wife only one night, and than commanded her with most grievous torments to be put to death, taking of her worthy punishment for her treason and uncleanness. Forumiulii was wasted and spoiled. The Slavines pierced Histria and Dalmatia, & subdued to them all that country. CAdwane duke of Northewales, Anni regum britanny 1 was made sovereign of the Britain's, The year of the world 4574 The year of Christ 613 who coming out of wales, gave strong battle to Ethelfride king of Northumberlande their most deadly enemy, and in divers encounters so discomfited the said Ethelfride, that he was forced to entreat for peace. After which concord made between these two princes, they continued all their life time as two special and loving friends. Cosdroas, king of Persians, invaded the lands of the empire, and took from the Romans many cities and countries: at which time the empire began first to decay in the east parts. There was at the same time a commotion in Africa, by the treason of the lieutenant Heraclianus, father to Heraclius, which after was emperor. Phocas the emperor was slain by Heraclianus. Heraclius, by means of his father, was advanced to the empire, and crowned with the imperial diadem by Sergius patriarch of Constantinople. Anni regum britanny 2 The year of the world 4575 The year of Christ 614 He reigned .31. years. In his time fell much adversity the Roman empire in the east. Anni regum britanny 3 Theodobert and Theodorich, The year of the world 4576 The year of Christ 615 kings of Austracie and Burgoyne, by the counsel of Bennichild their grand mother, made war upon Lothayre their cousin and king of Soysons. In which war was so great slaughter, that the course of the river Arunne was stopped with the multitude of dead corpses, which were cast therein. But the more part fell of the soldiers of Lothayre. Richaredus, king of Spain reigned one year. Eleutherius was ordained the .7. lieutenant of Italy. The Persians took the city of Jerusalem: The year of the world 4577 The year of Christ 616 wherein they slew of the Christian men .9. thousand, Anni regum britanny 4 and took the holy cross with them into Persia. Anni regum britanny 5 Eleutherius took the city of Naples, and overcame ●amp●inus, captain of the Lombard's, The year of the world 4578 The year of Christ 617 and made peace with them for ten years. another battle was fought between Lothayre and his kinsman Theodobert king of Austracie, in which Lothayre was discomfited, and with great loss of his men fled to Paris. Deusdidit, the .66. bishop of Rome iii years. Suittilla, the son of Richaredus, king of Spain reigned ten years. He made his son Rachimir fellow with him in the kingdom. Anni regum britanny 6 Kingilffus and Quincellinus, The year of the world 4579 The year of Christ 618 after the death of Colwolphus, ruled jointly the principality of west saxons in Britain: which in the beginning fought against the Britain's at Ampton beside Oxenford, and wan of them the town, with other holds. The Persians took Alexandria in Aegyp, and after the death of Heraclianus the emperors father, Anni regum britanny 7 The year of the world 4580 The year of Christ 619 subdued to them Carthage, and, and all Africa. The emperor desired peace of the Persians, which he could in no wise obtain. Anni regum britanny 8 Heraclius proclaimed Costantine his son partaker The year of the world 4581 The year of Christ 620 of the Empire. Heraclius the emperor went forth in his viage against the Persians: whom in divers great battles he vanquished, and slew of them many thousands. This war continued vi years. Boniface, after Deusdedit was made bishop of Rome. He first ordained▪ that they which fled into churches, should not be taken thence by violence. Eleutherius, the emperors lieutenant, traitorously named himself king of italy. For which treason he was slain of the other captains, and his head sent to Constantinople. After whom Isaac was lieutenant of italy. Adoaldus succeeded his father Agilulphus, and governed the kingdom of the Lombard's. The year of Christ 621 Deadly malice was kindled between Theodorich, king of Burgoyne, The year of the world 4582 and his brother Theodobert. Anni regum britanny 9 Ferquharde the eldest son of Eugenius was king of Scots xii years. In the time of this man's reign by his negligence was great division and debate among the nobles of the realm. War between Theodorich and Theodoberte, Anni regum britanny 10 in the which Theodobert and his host was discomfited at Toull, The year of the world 4583 The year of Christ 622 and fled thence to Coleine: where by treason he was slain, and his head conveyed to his brother. Theodorich, being enamoured upon his brother's daughter, would have taken her to wife, had not his grand▪ mother Brunichilde withstood his purpose: because she was so near of his blood: wherewith Theodorich was sore disposed, and threatened to slay his grandmother▪ because she before time had enticed him to make war upon his brother Theodobert, under this pretence, that he was not his own brother, but the son of a gardener. Brunichilde, fearing his manasinges, found means, that he was shortly after poisoned: and than did Elotdayre rule France alone, which a good season was divided into three lordships. The year of Christ 624 Edwine, the son of Ella, Anni regum britanny 12 which was persecuted of Ethelrede king of Northumberlande, The year of the world 4585 made sore war upon the said Ethelrede, and slew him in plain battle: and then ceased into his possession the kingdom of Northumberlande. This Edwine was the first christian king of that country. The three sons of Ethelbert fled into little Britain Siroe, the eldest son of Coscoas of Persia, for envy that his father preferred his younger brother in the kingdom, Anni regum britanny by a conspiracy imprisoned his own father, The year of the world 4586 The year of Christ 625 his younger brother, with their wives and children, and commanded them to be put to death. And then made league with the emperor on condition that all the lands that the Persians had won by force of arms, should be again restored to the empire, and the holy cross withal Heraclius recovered Africa and Egypt, to the empire of Rome. MAhomet of Arabia, while there was great confusion of things both in the east and west, began his error. He came but of a base stock, and being fatherless, one abd●m●naples, a man of the house of Ishmael bought him for his slave, and loved him greatly for his favour and wit. For which cause he made him a ruler over his merchandise and other business. Then one Serg●us a monk, which for heresy fled into Arabia, instructed him in the heresy of Nestorius. In the mean season his master died without children, leaving behind him much riches, and his wife a widow 〈◊〉 .50. years of age, whom Mahomet married: and when she died was made heir, and greatly increased in riches. And for his magical arts was had also in great honour of the foolish people. Wherefore by the counsel of Sergius, he called himself the great prophet of god and shortly after, when his name was published, and of great authority, he devised a law or kind of religion called Koran in the which he took some part well near of all the heresies that had been before his time. With the Sabellians, he divided the trinit●e: with the Manyches, he affirmed to be but two persons in the deytee: he denied the equality of the father and the son with Eunonius: and said with Macedon, the holy ghost was a creature: and approved the multitude of wives with the Nicolaytes: he borrowed of the jews circumcision, and of the gentiles much superstition, and somewhat he took of the christian verity, beside many devilish fantasies invented of his own brain. Those that obeyed his law he called Saracens. When he had lived .40. years, he died of the falling sickness, which he had of long time dissembled: saying, when he was taken therewith, that the angel gabriel appeared to him, whose brightness he could not behold. Honorius the .68. pope xii. years xi months. The year of the world 4587 The year of Christ 629 About this season began the kingdom of Mertia, Anni regum britanny 14 or middle England, under the strong painim & Saxone called Peuda, Which lordship contained Huntingtonshire, Hereforde shire, Gloucestershyre▪ and other. And was greatest of all the other kingdoms. At that time reigned in divers parts of this land .7. kings. Sibertus among the east saxons, Redwoldus king of East angel, now North. Suff. Ethelbert king of Kent, Ethewolphus of Southser: Kingilus and Quincellinus of west saxons: Penda of Mertia: Edwine of Northumberland. The year of the world 4588 Sirce governed the Persians one year. And after him his son. The year of Christ 627 Adheser an other year: Anni regum britanny 15 and then was Hormisda their king. Sisecundus expelled his own brother, obtained the kingdom of Spain, and reigned vii years. Quincellinus, king of west saxons, for a certain grudge and displeasure, sent a sword man by privy me●nes to slay and murdre Edwine of Northumberland for which cruel intention, being shortly after espied. Edwine made fierce war upon Quincellinus, and him vanquished in battle, and slew a great noumbre of his soldiers. Brunichild, a woman of perverse and evil disposition maligned always against Clothayre king of France her nephew▪ and therefore excited one Sigisberde to claim the land of Austracie. But in the end this Sigiderd was taken and slain, and Brunichild for her manifold mischieve put to most vile and shameful death, which in her time had been occasion of the death of ten princes, beside other. Edwine king of Northumberlande, was baptized of the holy bishop Paulinus, and after him many of his people. Clothayre released to the Lombard's the tribute of .12. thousand pounds, that was set upon them by Gunthranus his uncle. Edwine king of Northumberlande, for the refreshing of wayfaring men, ordained certain cups and dishes of iron to be fastened by such clear wells and fountains, as did run by the way side. Orpewaldus, king of Eastangles, turned to the faith of christ. King Ferquarde of scotland for his cruelty and negligence in the affairs of the common weal, was of his lords disgraded and cast in prison, for sorrow whereof he slew himself. Anni regum britanny 19 Dagohert was ordained king of france after Clothayre: The year of the world 4592 The year of Christ 631 In the first beginning of his reign one Heibert his half brother, claimed a part of the kingdom and for the same made some stering. But the matter by wise counsel was quieted, and Heibert contented with a portion of land assigned to him in G●ian. Donewalde the third son of Eugenius, was ordained king of Scots, and governed the realm virtuously and wisely xu years A noble man of the Lombard's, named Ari●aldus, deposing Adiold, obtained that kingdom, and made peace with the Romans. Penda, king of Mertia, The year of the world 4594 The year of Christ 633 and Cadwave of Britain envying the prosperity and quietness of Edwine of Northumberland made on him deadly war, Anni regum britanny 21 in the which Edwine was slain: after whom Eaulfricus the eldest son of Ethelfride, and his uncles son Ofri●us, governed joinctly the kingdom of Northumberland. Which both being miscreants: turned the people again from the faith of Christ. Anni regum britanny 22 The forenamed kings of Northumberlande were both slain in battle of Cadwa●e & Penda, kings of Britain and of Mertia. The year of the world 4595 The year of Christ 634 Than did oswald the second son of Ethelfrine, take upon him the kingdom against whom Cadwane, king of Britain's, made fierce war, and was of him vanquished and slain. Suintilla, the second of that name, king of Spain iiii years. The emperor Heractius being greatly delighted with the dilusions and enchantments of witches and south saiers, was monished that a grievous storm should come to the empire by the circumsised people. Wherefore interpreting it to be spoken of the jews, he enforced all that were under his dominion, unwyllynglye to profess the faith of christ, but this thing was mente of the Saracens, which after that invaded the empire with great cruelty. The year of the world 4596 The year of Christ 635 CAdwalline, the son of Cadwane, Anni regum britanny 1 began his reign over the Britain's. He was valiant and mighty and warred strunglye upon the saxons, and made Penda king of Mertia to him tributary. Kingilphus, king of west saxons, was turned to the right belief, The year of the world 4597 The year of Christ 636 by a holy man called Berinus. Anni regum britanny 2 Sigeberte king of Eastangles, or Norfolk ordained good letters to be learned, and erected schools in divers parts of his dominion, as he sometime had seen in France. By him was the first common school founded at Cambridge. Dagobert king of France, which before had lived as a moderate and good prince, The year of the world 4598 The year of Christ 637 Anni regum britanny 3 waxed now a cruel tyrant, and with exactions peeled his people: and beside his cruelty, he was given to all sensual lust of the body He most cruelly destroyed the country of Poeters: and ●ared the streets of their city, and sowed therein salt, in token of utter destruction. He subdued the also the Scla●ines & Gascosnes, & showed toward them great cruelty. Heraclius, the emperor, fell into the heresy of the Monothelites, which believed that there was but one will in christ. The year of the world 4599 Severinus the. 6●. pope one year ii months. Anni regum britanny 4 The year of Christ 638 Tulga king of the Goths in Spain reigned .2. years. The Arabians, their name being changed and called Srrasens by the leading of Mahomet invaded Persia, and overcame their king Ormisda: by which mean Persia was subdued to Mahamet and his law. Anni regum britanny 5 The year of the world 4600 The year of Christ 639 john the four of that name, pope one year ix months. Anni regum britanny 7 In Kent there reigned a Saxone named Ercombert which held that principate twenty years nobly. The year of the world 4602 The year of Christ 641 He revived again the Chistian faith, which was greatly minished in divers places of his kingdom. He destroyed the temples of the Gods, and ordained Lent to be fasted. Cindasuindus reigned among the Goths, in Spain x. years. Theodorus which was son of a bishop in Grece, was made pope, and lived vi years .v. months. The Saracens forsook the obedience of the emperor for so much as they were dismissed out of wages, Anni regum britanny 8 The year of the world 4603 The year of Christ 642 where beforee they were as hired soldiers under the emperors captains. They conquered Damascus, took Phenicia, spoiled Antioch, besieged Jerusalem, and subdued to their signory all Egypt. It is uneath credible, how much the power of this kingdom increased within short space. Rotharis king of Lombard's, being infected with the heresy of Arrius, ordained that in every city should be ii bishops, a catholic and an Arrian. Heraclius the emperor, after the death of his wife joined to him in marriage his own natural daughter by his first wife: and not long after, died of a strange disease. Kenwalchus' king of west saxons in Britain, was driven out of his kingdom by Penda, Anni regum britanny 9 The year of the world 4604 The year of Christ 643 and kept from thence by force the space of. years. Constantine, the son of Heraclius succeeded his father in the empire▪ When he had reigned four months, he was slain by the treason of his stepmother Martina. In his time Theodorus was made lieutenant of Italy. Heraclianus was made emperor by his mother Martina, and reigned notfull ii years. Penda king of Mertia, warred upon Oswald the good and holy king of Northumberland, and slew him in battle with many of his knights. The year of the world 4605 The year of Christ 644 Mertina, the emperors mother, Anni regum britanny 10 for the murder that she had before committed, by the judgement of the senate had her tongue cut out, and was also banished with her son the emperor, which had his nose cut of, in token of reproach. For that he was consenting to that cruel deed. Constans was made emperor. This man favoured the heresy of the Monotholites, and was therewithal very covetous. For which causes he became odious to his subjects, and was slain when he had reigned .27. years. The year of the world The year of Christ 645 Clodonei the younger son of Dagobert, Anni regum britanny 11 began his reign over the middle part of France, and his elder brother Sigibert was made king of Austratie or Lorraine This Clodovei was also called allows. The year of the world 4607 The year of Christ 646 Oswie, the brother of Oswalde, Anni regum britanny 12 obtained the kingdom of Northumberland in Britain. Who slew Oswine his brother's son: and made Odilwaldus partaker of his kingdom. Ferquharde the son of the late king Ferquharde: was made king of Scots and reigned xviii years. This man in his private life was liberal above his power but when he was authorized king, he became a cruel, covetous and gloutenous tyrant: wherefore he was stricken of god with a vile and painful sickness whereof he died The year of the world 4608 The year of Christ 647 Kenwalcus, king of west saxons, Anni regum britanny 13 was restored to his kingdom by the help of Anna king of Eastangles Martin was ordained the .71. pope. The year of Christ 649 In France was such dearth and scarcity, Anni regum britanny 15 that a quarter of wheat was sold for .v. nobles. The year of the world 4610 Wherefore king Clodovei, to secure the poor people caused the church of S. Menies, that his father had covered with silver, plates, to be razed up, and covered again with lead and that silver to be distributed among the needy folks. The year of Christ 650 Martin pope assembled a counsel of .105. bishops In the which Corus' bishop of Alexandria, The year of the world 4611 Anni regum britanny 16 and Servius, Pyrrhus and Paulus, which successively had been bishops of Constantinople, were condemned for heresy. Recisuindus was ordained king of the wisigothes in Spain, and reigned .18. years .11. months. By the exhortation of Martin pope, Theodorus the lieutenant of Italy, Anni regum britanny 17 The year of the world 4612 The year of Christ gave battle to Rocharis the Lumbarde near to the river Scultenna, where he was vanquished and beaten, with the loss of vii thousand soldiers Whereof Rotharis being very proud, annexed to his kingdom all the country of Ligurie. Kenwalcus builded the bishop's sea of Winchester in Britain. Anni regum britanny 20 The year of the world 4615 The year of Christ 654 Anni regum britanny 22 Penda king of middle England, made war upon Anna king of Eastangles, The year of the world 4617 The year of Christ 656 and slew him in open field With which victory Penda being elated in pride, sent his defiance to Oswie of Northumbarland, who hearing of the coming of that tyrant, proffered to him great gifts and fair conditions of peace. But Penda obstinately refused all entreaty of concord: And therefore shortly after he was slain in battle, with xxx of his. most noble captains, although he had thrice the noumbre of people that Oswie had. And thus this heaten and bloody pagan ended his cruelty, which with divers wars a long season had tormented the land of Britain. Martin pope was banished by Constantine the emperor. After which time the sea of Rome was void xiii months. A great famine and dearth, through which many died for lack of sustenance. Bennet the monk, and master of the reverent Beda was famous in Britain. This Bennet brought first the craft of glasinge into this land. Anni regum britanny 23 The Saracens which with great cruelty and continual wars had spoiled Asia and Africa, The year of the world 4618 The year of Christ 657 pierced Europe. They subdued the Rhoodes, wasted and peeled Sicily, and with unspeakable tyranny, afflicted the islands called Cyclades. Eugenius the .73. pope iii years. Anni regum britanny 24 Olympius, lieutenant of Italy, The year of the world 4619 The year of Christ 658 with much labour and great loss of men, expelled the Saracens out of Sicily and by our great travail fell into a mortal disease, of the which he died. After him was Theodorus lieutenant of Italy Uitaltanus pope xiiii years. Rodoaldus, king of Lombard's▪ being taken in adultery with a noble woman, was slain of her husband The year of the world 4623 The year of Christ 662 Arithbert obtained that kingdom, who shortly after was murdered by a conspiracy of traitors, Anni regum britanny 18 and left after him ii sons. Pertheres and Gundebert, which were driven out of their kingdom, by Grimoald duke of Bonevent, who usurped kingly authority, among the Lombard's, Clodovei of France coming into italy to aid the two brethren, was driven back by Grimoalde. Uitalianus pope ordained organs first to be used in the church. The year of the world 4625 The year of Christ 664 Constance the emperor made his son fellow with him in the empire, Anni regum britanny 23 and then led a puissant army into italy pretending to deliver that country from the servage of the Lombard's, but he, as a cruel prince, used all extremity toward the cities which he subdued, and was vanquished of the Lombard's, When he came to Rome all the ancient ornaments of the city, which his predecessors had given to the furniture thereof, he took with him and departed from Italy toward Constantinople more like a rubber than a helper. Theodorus Calliopa, the xi lieutenant of Italy. near about this time the element seemed to bourn like fire, the space of ten days. A blazing star appeared two. months. Wonderful storms of rain fell continually from above, and so great plenty of thunder & lightning that the like thereof had not been seen. The year of Christ 665 Great mortality and sickness in Britain, Anni regum britanny 21 which continued and increased more and more during the time of this Cadwalline, The year of world and his successor. Cissa builded the abbey of Abbington in Britain. In these days monks were in great estimation, & the sects of religion begun to swarm throughout the world. Maldwine the son of Dowalde was authorized king of Scots, and reigned twenty years. He made peace with the Pictes and saxons, and at the last was murdered of his wife for suspection of adultery. Anni regum britanny 22 Clothayre king of France, The year of the world 4627 The year of Christ 666 after his brother Clodovei Anni regum britanny 25 Dicsorde among the Lombard's, The year of the world 4630 The year of Christ 669 where one Lupus Duke of Form●●l●i, affecting the kingdom, made war upon Grimoalde, in the end whereof, after divers battles sore fought, to the great loss of both parties. Grimoalde obtained the victory: by the aid and manhood of the Bavarians: and Lupus was slain in the field, and the city of Formiulii grievously spoiled by the said Bavarians. The Slavines endeavoured to restore Arnefride, the son of Lupus, to his father's Duchy: but they were driven back with great damage and loss, by one U●ctari● governor of the city Uincentia. Bamba was ordained king of Spain, and reigned .9. years. Constance the emperor was slain of his people, after whom Missessus took on him the imperial crown, Anni regum britanny 26 The year of the world 4631 The year of Christ 670 which shortly after was murdered of the soldiers, and Constantine the son of Constance advanced to the empire. This man had prosperous success in his wars against the Saracens. Adeodatus the .75. pope four years ii months. Theodorich king of France, The year of the world 4632 The year of Christ 671 gave him to pleasure and idleness and never would show himself to his people but ones in the year, Anni regum britanny 27 that is, in the kalends of may Under him Eborine master of his palace, governed the realm, and used much cruelty. For the which both he and Eborine became odious to the people. Wherefore the nobles enclosed them both in a monastery, & made Childerich their king. Whereof they shortly repented so much as Childerich was a man of light manners and in his living dissolute and dishonest. Bamba king of Spain, discomfited and overthrew the moor which pierced his land with a navy of .270. ships. Anni regum britanny 28 The year of the world 4633 The year of Christ 672 Anni regum britanny 31 The Saracens spoiled and wasted the island of Sicily The year of the world 4638 The year of Christ 677 took the city Syracuse, and in most cruel wise slew the citizens, and retturned to Alexandria with great pray and riches. Baldal● king of Saracens. Bamba, king of Spain forsook his regalitee and became a monk, The year of the world 4639 The year of Christ 678 after whom succeeded Gringius, Anni regum britanny 34 and reigned vii years. Childerich of France caused a noble man of his realm, named Bolyde, without guilt or trespass, to be bounden to a stake, and there beaten even to the death. For which cruelty his lords and commons being grievously offended, conspired together, and slew him, with his wife, as they were in hunting. Theodorich was again made king of France, by consent of the nobles. Edfryde, king of Northumberlande, claimed the land of Etheldred, king of Mertia: for the which was great, war between those two princes. Constantine the emperor vanquished the Saracens and made them tributary to him. The year of the world 4640 The year of Christ 679 Anni regum britanny 35 At which time fell of the Saracens xxx thousand: by mean whereof their power was greatly appaired, and a certain space after in more quiet. Agatho, the .77. Pope ii years. v●. months. Theodorus bishop of Ravenna, submitted himself and his church to the sea of Rome, whose authority was before time equal with the Roman bishop. The year of the world 4641 The year of Christ 680 The camphors invaded the country of Thracia, Anni regum britanny 36 and after made league with the emperor, and had given to them to inhabit, the fertyll and plentiful country, near to the river Dunaw or Danubie. The year of the world 4642 The vi synod was holden at Constantinople, of .289. bishops: The year of Christ 681 where was condemned the heresy of the Monotholites. Anni regum britanny 37 In this synod it was permitted to the priests of Grece, to have wives, but not to the Latins. Kenewynus, king of west saxons vanqyisshed and chased the Britain's. Leo the second was Pope ten months. Edfryde, king of Northumberland, warred upon the Scots and Pictes, and of them was discomfited and slain. Eboryne, breaking out of the abbey, The year of Christ 68 where he was included, Anni regum britanny 38 by force constrained Theodorich, The year of the world 4643 the king of France, to obey to his pleasure in all points, & make him master of the palace, deposing and putting to death Lyndesyle, which was in possession of that office. Bennet the ii was Pope ten months. In his time Constantine the emperor published a law, that all men should believe, that man to be the true vicar of Christ, which the clergy, the people of Rome, & the soldiers, should choose to be Pope, without any tarrying for any authority of the emperor of Constantinople, or the deputy of Italy, as the custom and fashion was ever before that day. Here the Pope wrested his neck from the emperors subjection. A blazing star appeared in Italy both day and night, from Christmas day to Tweluetyde. Tunipert succeeded his father Grimoalde in the kingdom of Lombardy. Anni regum britanny 2 CAdwallader was ordained king of Britain's, and ruled only iii years. The year of the world 4644 The year of Christ 683 He vanquished and slew Lothayre king of Kent. and Athelwold king of south saxons. Within the space of vii years, had been in Rome vi Pope's that 〈…〉, Leo, Bennet, john, Cono▪ The year of the world 4646 The year of Christ 685 and 〈◊〉 Serg●●●: Anni regum britanny 3 at whose election was great strife and variance 〈…〉 the people, for so much as a priest named Pascali● the Pope's treasurer, had with rich gifts corrupted john the depu●●e of Italy, that by force he m●ght be advanced to the bishopric by which mean the people were so divided, that the matter was like to have been dicided by den● of sword in the mids of the city. Aegip●a reigned among the Goths in Spain viii years. He slew a Duke named Favilla, to the intent he might have his wife. Eugenius the .v. of that name was king of Scots, and reigned four years. In his time as sayeth the history of scotland he warred upon Edfrede king of Northumberland and flew him in battle. Cadwallader king of Britain, forsook his kingelye authority, and became a religious man. He was the last king of Britain. And this land after his time, was called Angtia, and the inhabitants thereof Angles or English men: and the Britains were called Welshmen, which name they took of a duke called Wallus. This happened. 17●2. years or as saith Fabian .1822. after that Brutus first arrived in this island: after the conquest of Cesar .735. years: from the entering of the saxons under their leaders Hengist and Horsus in the time of Uortiger .236. or near there about. The year of the world 4647 The year of Christ 686 THe first year of the saxons reign. after the Britain's were utterly expelled, Anni regum saxon 1 and their kingdom finished, whose power was divided into vii kingdoms as is before mentioned. Martin and Pipine, brethren & noble men of France made war against Eborine, master of the kings palace, and were of him put to the worse, and constreigned to fly, the one to the city of Laon, the other to Anstracie Constantine the emperor ended his last day: at which time the Saracens invade and won by force of arms the country of Africa and Lybia. The year of the world 4748 The year of Christ 687 In Britain, among the west saxons, Anni regum saxon 2 reigned a noble man called jew, of great power and wisdom and therewith valiant and hardy, and in feats of arms very expert. He maintained such war against the 〈◊〉 saxons, that he constrained them to seek and entreat means of peace, giving to him for the same great gifts This man builded first the college of Welles, and the abbey of Glastenbury. He paid the Peterpence ftrst to the pope. justinian son of Constantine succeeded in the imperial aactoritee. He vanquished the Saracens, and enforced them to be with him at leagu, by conditions whereof he received agine Africa and Lybia, and had of them for the space of x, years, in way oftribute, every day a thousand nobles of gold, one great horse, and a servant. Cunibert, king of Lombard's, died, and left after him Lenthbrande, his son and heir in the tuition of a noble man called Asprande. Ragimbertus, a duke of the Lombard's, finding himself grieved, Anni regum saxon 3 The year of the world 4649 The year of Christ 688 that Asprande was made protector and preferred before him: assembled his power, & gave sharp battle to Asprande, near to Honoria: in which fight he obtained the victory, and shortly thereupon ended his life. Eugedius the: vi. of that name reigned ten year. scotland. He made peace with the Northumber's, and hated extremely the Pictes. justinian the emperor, contrary to the league which was made by his father, warred upon the camphors, and cruelly spoiled their country with sword and fire, at which time the camphors caused the straits and narrow places, by the which he must needs return, to be well fenced with strength of men, and so at length enclosed the emperor, that he was feign to entreat means of peace, and returned to Constantinople, with small worship. Pipine made war upon Theodorich, The year of the world 4951 The year of Christ 690 king of France & by force obtained to be master of the palace, Anni regum saxon 5 after he had slain Barthaire, which was chosen to that office after the death of Eborine. Arithbertus took on him the kingdom of lombardy vanquished Asprande, and took the young king Leuthprande. Anni regum saxon 6 A duke of the Lombard's, named Rotharis, The year of the world 4652 The year of Christ 691 made himself king, against whom Arithbert went withal speed and at the city Burgomum took Rotharis, and him commanded to be put to death. Clodovei the son of Theodorich, began his dominion over the realm of France. Of him writers left no manner of memory, sounding to good or evil, but that Pipine continued as master of the palace, and governed the realm under him. Uireza, the son of Aegipsa, reigned among the Goths in Spain ix years. He was a man of evil and naughty disposition. For he cruelly put out the eyes of Theodobert the son of Recensuindus, which was right heir to the crown, and sent him in exile: but he, by the providence of god, married a wife, on the which he begot Roderike, which afterward, by the help of Pelagius, banished this Uitiza, and succeeded in the kingdom. Uitiza, king of Spain, Anni regum saxon 11 a man outrageously given to filthy pleasures, The year of Christ 696 published, that it should be lawful to all priests to keep as many concubines as they listed. The year of the world 4657 justinian the emperor, for certain displeasure, sent Zacharias, master of his chivalry, to bring to him Sergius the Roman bishop. But the soldiers, being as than at Ravenna, withstood the emperors commandment, and defended the bishop. Leo, a senator of Constantinople, by the endeavour of Gallinicus the patriarch, The year of the world 4658 The year of Christ 697 deposed justinian, Anni regum saxon 12 & cutting of his nose, sent him in exile to Chersona. This Leon reigned iii years. Abdimelech, king of Sarasenes yet once again invaded Africa, Anni regum saxon 13 and was driven back by john master of the emperors chivalry. The year of the world 4659 The year of Christ 698 Amberkeleth: a cruel tyrant, reigned in Scotland ii years, and was slain by one of his servants, as he was going with an army against the Pictes. The soldiers, being in Africa, through the great sloth and negligence of Leo, The year of the world 4661 The year of Christ 7000 Anni regum saxon 15 advanced one Ab●●●arus to the empires who sped him in all haste to Constantinople against Leo, whom he took, & cutting of his nose, cast him in prison: and reigned after him in Constantinople. Eugenius the vii was king of Scots. ●8. years. He was mighty of body, and honest manners: he made peace with the Pictes, and caused the acts of his ancestors to be put in writing, & commanded historiographers to be found of the common cost. Theophilact was ordained the xiii lieutenant of Italy. At whose coming the people more ●nclined to the governance of the bishop of Rome, than of the emperor. In so much that the soldiers would have slain their depu●tee, had not means of quietness been entreated. For what cause this happened I cannot say, except it were for the cowardice and great negligence of the emperor of Constantinople, which seemed in manner to neglect the governance of Italy. john the vi of that name and a Greek borne, pope iii years. Anni regum saxon 16 The Lombard's, The year of the world 4662 The year of Christ 701 perceiving to be discord between the Italians and their lieutenant, invaded Campaine and took certain cities. But by the intercession and rich gifts of john the vi pope, he was quieted, and restored again the captives: at which time the pope began first to wrest to them the governance of Italy. Costa the brother of Roderike, was king of Spain .v. years vii months. Anni regum saxon 17 justinian fled from Chersona (where he was in banishment) to the king of bavarie: The year of the world 4663 The year of Christ 702 of whom he was gentily received at his coming: but after being corrupted with money, he would have betrayed him to Absimarus the emperor. Whereof when justinian had knowledge, he fled to the king of Bulgares▪ called Trebellio. Anni regum saxon 19 The Aegipcians about this time forsook the empire of the Grecians, The year of the world 4665 The year of Christ 704 and chose to them a king of their own which was called Caliph. Arithbert, king of Lombard's, gave a great part of the Alps to john the pope, in the name of saint Peter whereof began first the great possession of the pope. Sisimus pope only .20. days: and after him Constantinus vii years. Pipine, master of the palace, The year of the world 4667 The year of Christ 720 under Childebert king of France, Anni regum saxon 21 achieved many noble victories: against the Germans dwelling beyond the river Rhine. justinian by the help of the camphors was restored again to his empire: after which time he showed wonderful extreme cruelty, toward his adversaries and their allies, for so often as he moved his hand to wipe of the filth from his nose, which was cut of, he commanded one of his enemies to be put to death. Roderike reigned iii years in Spain, whose naughty and unclean life was cause that the Saracens broke into Spain and expelled out the Goths. For justinian, because Rodarike had ravished his daughter, privily enticed the Saracens to come out of Africa into Spain of whom Roderike was slain in battle. Colrodus, king of middle England, Anni regum saxon 24 warred against jew king of west saxons, The year of the world 4670 The year of Christ 709 in which war they sped so unhappily, that it was hard to know, whether of both had more damage or hurt. Pipine of France departed out of this life, and left for his heir Charles, surnamed Martellus, begotten of his concubine Alpayde. The year of the world 4671 The year of Christ 710 Asprande the Lumbarde, Anni regum saxon 25 which was overcomen in battle of Arithbert, trusting to the aid of the Bavares entered italy, and met with Arithbert and his army nigh to Ticinum, where he had of him the upper hand. Arithbert in the flight was drowned in a river After whom Asprand by the whole consent of the Lombard's, was made king, and the third month after died leving for his heir his son Leuthprande, which after his father governed the Lombard's. The Saracens dwelling in Libya obtained the possession of all Africa, and from thence (by the enticement of justinian) sailed Sintopain, from whence they expelled the Goths slew their king, and subdued to them well near all that country, at which time Spain first obeyed to the Saracens, which they divided into divers kingdoms, the first at Corduba: an other at Hispalis: and the third at new Carthage. After which form they held that countreyuntill the time of Ferdinand, the iii why the drove them out of a great part of their dominion. The christians that remained, gathering together in As●ucia and Bis●ay chose one called Pelagius to their king, which reigned among them twenty years, making often war upon the Saracens. He was no more called king of Goths, but king of Castise and Legio. john of Beverley died in britaine. Anni regum saxon 26 The year of the world 4672 The year of Christ 711 justinian the emperor, Anni regum saxon 27 going about to subvert and destroy the cite of Pont▪ called Chersona, The year of the world 4673 The year of Christ 712 was vanquished in battle, and slain by one Philippicus, whom not long before he had banished to the same city. joannes surnamed Tizocapos, the .14 lieutenant in Italy. Anni regum saxon 28 Philippicus took on him the imperial crown, The year of the world 4674 The year of Christ 713 and reigned ii years. This man at the beginning was by the pope pronounced a Schismatic, and his name defended to be mentioned in any divine service or common prayers: because he commanded images to be taken out of churches, for avoiding of Idolatry. Stephene the second, or after some Gregory the ii was pope .17. years. Anthemius deposed Philippicus and after he had bereft him of his sight, Anni regum saxon 30 cast him into prison. The year of the world 4676 The year of Christ 715 This Anthemius held the imperial authority iii years. Dagobert, the young king of France was left under the tuition and governance of Pectrude, the wife of Pipine, and Theodowald master of the palace, this Theodowalde exercised such tyrannies, and set upon the people such exactions & tallages, that great discenstion and variance happened therefore between him & the other nobles of France. In so much that lastly he was of them slain, and one Ragafrede ordained master of the palace in his place. Plectrude, stepmother of Charles Martellus, held him in prison at Coleine, so long until that the king of France, and Ragafrede had token, rob, and spoiled a great part of his heritage of the country of Austracie But not long after, Charles by favour of his keepers broke prison and was at his liberty. About this time the Germans received the faith of christ. Anni regum saxon 31 The year of the world 4677 The year of Christ 716 Mordake was king of scotland, and reigned xvi years. In his time the four divers people as Albion had peace between themself, that is, the Britain's, the Angles, the Scots, and the Pictes. Anthemius the emperor sent forth an army against the Saracens. Anni regum saxon The year of the world 4679 The year of Christ 718 Which went not forward on their journey, but among themself chose one Theodosius to their emperor, he immediately turned his whole power against Anthemius, and by strength deprived him of the empire and made him a monk. The moors within the space of .20. years, had among them no less than xu kings. For when that one governor could not please all the people, either by some treason he was of them murdered, or else for fear he left his regalitee, and became private. Which stubborn frowardness of the people when Acabath, a noble man perceived he took on him the governance of the realm, and forthwith put to death the noumbre of .300. of the chief captains, of that seditious people, and after reigned a good season in quietness. After the death of Dagobert one Daniel, a priest for his wisdom and experience in civil policy, was by consent of the nobles made king of France. Charles, Anni regum saxon 34 desirous to revenge the injury done to him by his stepmother Plectrude, The year of the world 4680 The year of Christ 719 and her allies, gathered a great company of soldiers, and near to Mensae fought a strong battle with Rangafrede master of the palace: in the which he was put to the worse. But shortly he recovered his host, which was disperkeled and fought eftsoons at a place called Alban, where he obtained the victory. Then thirdly those two hosts encountered in a field called winefielde, where was present Daniel the king, and Eudon duke of Gascoigne: at which time was fought a sore battle, where Charles was victor, and chased the king and his other enemies to Gascoigne. For which victory he triumphed, and advanced one Clothaire to the kingdom, who shortly after died. In this pastime Leo deposed Theodosius the emperor when he had not reigned fully one year. The year of the world 4681 The year of Christ 720 Zulemon captain of the Saracens in Asia, Anni regum saxon 35 invaded Thracia with a great power, of the which part besieged Constantinople, part spoiled the country of Bulgarie, with whom the Bulgarians met, and slew of them xxii. thousand. Charles was made friend with Daniel, and restored him to the kingdom of France, The year of the world 4683 The year of Christ 722 Anni regum saxon 37 and pardoned also Eudon duke of Gascoigne. The Saracens the second year that they besieged Constantinople, being constrained both with famine and pestilence, gave up the siege and departed thence to Asia Charles of France vanquished the saxons. When jew had governed the west saxons in Britain the space of .37. years, Anni regum saxon 38 The year of the world 4684 The year of Christ 723 by the assiduate labour of his wife, gave up his regal power, and became a poor man, and went to Rome in pilgrimage. Anni regum saxon 39 After him Ethelardewas king of west saxons: The year of the world 4685 The year of Christ 724 in whose time the reverent Beda was famous, and wrote his book called Anglica historia, to Offrike king of Northumberland. About this time was a eclipse of the moon, which from the first rising to midnight appeared red as blood. In like manner appeared two blazing stars, of the which one prevented the son rising the other followed his going down Leuthbrande, the Lumbarde, took Clusium: and besieged Ravenna, which he took and was after restored by aid of the venetians. Anni regum saxon 40 Charlesof France subdued the bavarians. Leo the emperor commanded Paulus his deputy to levy a new tax in Italy: The year of the world 4686 The year of Christ 725 but he was prohibited by Gregory pope, who having aid of the Lombard's, by force of arms withstood the emperors deputy. Leo gave commandment, The year of the world 4687 The year of Christ 726 that all that were under the empire, Anni regum saxon 41 should take away the images and pictures of saints, out of churches, for avoiding of Idolatry. But the pope, did resist the emperor, and wrote into all parts of the world, that neither for fear nor entreaty they should obey the emperors commandment in this be half, and with so vehement persuasions withdrew the people of italy from the obedience of their emperor Leo, that they would have chosen them a new emperor. The cities of Italy refusing the office of the lieutenant ship, chose to them ●che city his proper governor, whom they called dukes. Pelagius, king of Castille, by the help of god reduced his borderers to the faith of Christ. At Ravenna the people, taking parts, some with the emperor, some with the pope, raised a great sedition: in the which Paul the emperors deputy, and his son was slain. The year of the world 4988 The year of Christ 727 Anni regum saxon 43 Theodorich began his reign over the frenchmen. He was from his young and tender age nourished, in the house of nuns in woman's clothing, and lastly espied to be the son of Dagobert: and by consent of Charles admitted to be king. Charles hearing of the rebellion of the Suenes, assembled an host, and them subdued: which thing being done, he returned his power against an other people of the Almains: whom in like manner he brought into subjection. The year of the world 4689 Leo the emperor, Anni regum saxon 44 commanded all images to be taken out of the churches of Constantinople, The year of Christ 728 and to be burned and put to death them that would not obey. Eudon, Duke of Gascoine rebelled against the king of France. Wherefore Charles, master of the palace, sped him into Gascoyn, where he gave to Eudo so sharp battle, that he was feign to hide him in unknown and secret places of his country. The year of the world 4690 The year of Christ 729 Cuthbert was king of west saxons in England. Anni regum saxon 45 This man made often war upon Ethelwalde of Mertia, and sped therein diversly. In his time appeared ii blazing stars, casting as it were brenning brands toward the North. When Eudo duke of Gascoigne, perceived that he alone could not withstand the power of Charles, The year of the world 4691 The year of Christ 730 Anni regum saxon 46 he excited the Saracens, that were in Spain to invade the countrei of Charles: which pierced France with an exceeding host of people, and took the cit●es Bordeaux, and Poiteer, with other: where they showed extreme cruelty Charles in this pass time was reconciled unto Duke Eudo, & at Towers met with the Saracens, where he bore him so knightly, that he slew of the Pagans (by the accord of all writers) .385000. and odd, and of the french men were slain a thousand and .v. hundred only. Leo made his son Constantine follow with him in the empire. Phafilla, king of Spain, reigned ii years, and was slain and devoured of a bear, as he was in hunting. Anni regum saxon 47 The Burgoines rebelled, The year of the world 4692 The year of Christ 731 and made sharp war upon the frenchmen: whose fury was appeased by the manhood of Charles: and they brought under subjection. Anni regum saxon 48 After the death of Eudo, The year of the world 4693 The year of Christ 732 Charles passed the river of Leyr, and conquered Bordeaux, & subdued to him Gascoigne, and set that province in good order. Edfine, the son of Eugenius, the .7. reigned in scotland xxx years. This man was given to justice and peace, and kept the league that was made with the Britain's, Englishmen and picts. Charles levied a subsidy of the spiritualty, to maintain him against the enemies of France. For which cause the priests were sore grieved, & feigned after his death, that for that deed a certain bishop saw his soul in great torments. Alphons, surnamed Catholicus, reigned in Spain .19 years. Gregory of Rome assembled a synod of the bishops of Italy: Anni regum saxon 50 in which was decreed, The year of the world 4695 The year of Christ 734 that images should with great reverence be still kept in the churches. The holy man Beda, which for his learning and godly life, was renowned in all the world, ended his last day. Athimus and Amorteus, kings of Saracens. Anni regum saxon 51 The Saracens, accompanied with the wisigothes, invaded Gallia Narbonensis, The year of the world 4696 The year of Christ 735 and by treason took the cities Avignon and Narbone. Against whom Charles acquieted him so knightly, that he recovered the cit●●s, cha●ed is enemies, & slew their chief captain Amorteus. Civil wars among the Lombard's. Anni regum saxon 52 Alphons, king of Spain, The year of the world 4697 The year of Christ 736 which took in marriage Ornosuba, the sister of Phafilla his predecessor, utterly rooted out of his realm the heresy of Arrius, which was renewed after the death of Rychardus. For which cause he was called Catholicus. He recovered also divers towns, and expelled the Garrisons of the moors and Saracens. Anni regum saxon 53 Charles, by the aid of Lyuthbrand, The year of the world 4698 The year of Christ 737 king of Lumberdie, chased the Saracens, which had taken the city of orleans and drove them clean out of the lands of France by the terror of his name. The year of the world The year of Christ 737 Transemunde a duke of Lombardy, Anni regum saxon 53 rebelled against the king. Whom Leuthbrand with great puissance vanquished in battle, and brought in subjection all that was under the governance of the said Transemunde which after the discomfiture fled to Rome. Wherefore the king Leuthbrande sent to the pope and the people, requiring that either he would send to him the traitor, or else put him to death, which both things being denied, he with his army certain days besieged the cit●e of Rome. But when he perceived, that he thereby profited nothing, he left the siege and assailed and took divers cities belonging to the Romans. For which cities such war and debate was after between the Romans and the Lombard's, The year of the world 4699 The year of Christ 738 Anni regum saxon 54 that Leuthbrande again besieged the city so fiercely, that the pope desired aid of Charles of France, who by his friendly persuasions withdrew Leuthbrande and his godfather from the siege, and set the Romans at liberty. At which time the defence of the Romans and Italy was first translated from the emperor of Constantinople, to the frenchmen. Charles Martellus of France ended his life, leving after him three sons, that is Charlemagne to whom he bequeathed Austracie, Suevia▪ Almain, and Thuring: Pipine to whom he left Francia, to Griffone the youngest he gave little or nothing. Zacharias, being ordained pope, Anni regum saxon 58 made league with Leuthbrande the Lumbarde: The year of the world 4705 The year of Christ 742 by composition whereof were restored the four cities that were taken from the Romans. And moreover, the king of Lombard's gave divers cities and places of Itali to the pope, in the name of S. Peter. Childebert, after his brother Theodorich, reigned in France. This man was of a more quiet nature than was meet for the governance of so troublous a realm wherefore he used the help of Charlemagne and Pipine, to appease and quiet the fury of his enemies. The year of the world 4704 The year of Christ 743 Constantine the son of Leo, Anni regum saxon 59 succeeded his father in the empire of Constantinople and reigned xxxv years. Lyuthbrand of Lombardy finished his last day, and left as king, his son Hildebrande: whom the Lombard's immediately deposed, and in his place chose a noble man called Rachisius'. Miramomelinus about this time was king of the moors, Gormo of Denmark, Seyta of the Huns in Hungary. Charlemagne subdued the saxons, and took of them one Theodorich in way of hostage. The emperor Constantine with a great navy sailed forth against the Saracens in Egipte, Anni regum saxon 60 The year of the world 4705 The year of Christ 744 in which mean time one Arthaustus, by traitorous means invaded the imperial crown, and was confirmed of the people. Whereof when Constantine had knowledge he returned with his army, and besieged the city of Constantinople and took the said Arthaustus, whom he bereft of his sight, and condemned to banishment with other of his conspirators. Griffon the youngest son of Charles, a man of a fierce and wild nature, being miscontent with such bequest as his father to him had given, arrered war upon his other brethren: who behaved them so wisely, that with out notable battle they took their brother, and kept him in ward. Anni regum saxon 61 Sigibert was authorized king of west saxons in Britain. He was cruel, The year of the world 4076 The year of Christ 745 and tyrannous toward his subjects, and turned the ancient laws and customs, after his own will and pleasure. And because a certain noble man, some deal sharply advertised him to change his manners, he maliciously caused the same person to be put cruelly to death. And forsomuch as he continued in his malice, and would not amend, he was deprived of all kingly authority, and lastly as a person desolate and forlorn, wandering alone in a wood, was slain of a swine heard, whose lord and master he (being king) had wrongfully put to death. Charlemagne, being of great power in France became a man of religion, and yode to Rome. Anni regum saxon 64 Kenulphus, of the lineage and blood of Cer●icus, The year of the world 4709 The year of Christ first king of west saxons, reigned in that kingdom .31. years. The virtue of this man far passed his fame. At the beginning he appeased certain murmours and grudges, that were among the people, for the deposing of his predecessor Sygebert. Griffon the youngest son of Charles which in this pass time had once or twice vexed his brother Pipine, disturbed also Tassilo, Duke of Bavary, & deceased him of his lordship: for which cause Pipine went against his brother, and restored the said Tassilo to his possessions. After which time Griffon fled to the duke of Guyan named Gayfer. The year of the world 4710 Racharis, king of Lombardy, broke the league, which he had made with the Romans for the space of twenty years, The year of Christ and wasted the country about Ravenna, Anni regum saxon 65 and besieged Perusia. To whom went Zacharie the pope, and in such wise enchanted him with his exhortations, that he did not only leave the siege, but also renounsing his regal power, became a religious monk. The year of the world 4711 The year of Christ 750 Pipine governor of France under Childerich, Anni regum saxon 66 intending to defeat his lord, and sovereign of that kingdom, and to obtain the same: by his ambassadors demanded of Zacharie, pope, his bounden friend, this question: whether he were more worthy to be king which was king only by name, and natural succession: or else he, which bore the burden of the kingdom, alone, and yet lacked the dignity of a king., meaning himself. To whom the pope answered, that it was more rightful, that he which took the charge of all things, should be called king. On whose judgement Pipine presuming deposed Childerich, and made himself king. In whom beginneth a new progeny of the kings of France. For this Childerich, was the last king of the stock of Meroneu●, the first christian king of france. Aistulphus was made king of Lombardy. The year of the world 4712 The year of Christ 751 Zacharie pope assoiled Pipine, and the other frenchmen of their oath of allegiance and fealty, Anni regum saxon 67 that they had made to Childerich, and confirmed Pipine in the kingdom of France. Phroilla reigned in Spain .13. years. He vanquished the Saracens, which troubled the C●laces, and slew of them .50000. Anni regum saxon 68 Griffon endeavouring to steer the people of Guian against his brother pipine, The year of the world 4713 The year of Christ 752 was of them slain for avoiding of further danger. Aistulphus, king of Lombard's, set a tribute upon the Romans, which because they would not pay Stephene at that time Pope went into France, to desire aid of Pipine against the tyranny of the Lombard's Who meet with the pope in the way (as saith Platine) and kissing his feet, went on foot by her horse the space of three miles. Anni regum saxon 69 Pipine entering italy with a great power, The year of the world 4714 beclipped the city of Pau●e with a strong siege, The year of Christ 753 and enforced Aistulphus: to entreat means of peace, which was to him granted on condition he would restore to the pope all that belonged to the church of Rome. The Turks broke first out of the mountains called Hyperborei, Anni regum saxon 71 and invaded Asia. The year of the world 4716 The year of Christ 755 The cause whereof was that the Persians being overset with war of the Saracens, desired aid of the Turks: which being ready at their request entered Asia: and first over ran the Halianes after the people of Cholcis, Arm●nie, and the les Asia, and lastly vanquished the Saracens: between whom peace was made on this condition, that the Turks should reign in Persia, and be called Saracens. Aistulphus of Lombardy broke the league with the Romans, and besieged their city iii months: whereof when Pipine had knowledge, at the desire of pope Stephene he pierced italy, besieged Aistulphus in Pavia, and constrained him to yield to his mercy. Pipine gave the governance of Italy to the pope, nothing regarding the authority or desire of the emperor of Constantinople which willed him to the contrary: at which time the lieutenants ended their power in Italy. Here may a man perceive how vain it is, that the fautors of the pope say that italy was given to him by great Constantine. Anni regum saxon 72 Offa, a noble man, The year of the world 4717 The year of Christ 756 reigned in Mertia or middle England. He made war with the Northumber's, and them for the time subdued. He warred also against Etheldred, king of Eastangles, and vanquished and took prisoner Egbert king of Kent. Constantine the emperor did persecute them which worshipped images. Tassilo king of bavarie, submitted him to Pipine. The year of the world 4718 The year of Christ 757 Aistulphus, king of Lombardy, Anni regum saxon 73 dy●d as he was in hunting: after whom Desiderius by, force obtained the kingdom, and was confirmed of Paul being then pope to whom he fled for succour, when he was overset in battle of Rachisius', the brother of Aistulphus. The Saxons, called Soisons, disturbed the French men, The year of the world 4719 The year of Christ 758 and were forced of Pipine to ask peace, Anni regum saxon 74 upon condition that yearly after they should yield to the French king .300. good horses in way of tribute. Offa, king of Mertia in Britain, builded the church of Wichcom, The year of the world 721 The year of Christ 760 and the abbey of S. Alban's. Anni regum saxon 76 He chased also the Britain's or Welshemen into wales, and made a famous Dike between wales & the utter bounds of Mertia, which is now called Offedike. The year of Christ 761 Pipine made war against Gayfer duke of guian because he required a tribute of the priests or spiritual l andes within his Duchy. The year of the world 4722 The year of Christ 77 This war was troublous to Pipine, and continued long. Eugenius the viii was king of Scots, and was slain of his lords, for his avarice, filthy lust and cruelty, when he had reigned iii years. Thelesius king of Bulgary, invading Thracia was put to flight of the emperor, The year of the world 4724 The year of Christ 763 Anni regum saxon 79 and chaset into his country: where for that misfortune, he was slain of his own people. Sabinus was king of Bulgarie, who agreed to the emperor in abrogation of the images. For which cause he was shortly after deprived of all kingly dignity of his subjects, and fled to Constantinople. And after him was Paganus made king of Bulgarie. Aurelius, by treason murdered, his brother Phroill, Anni regum saxon 80 and obtained the kingdom of Spain, The year of the world 4725 The year of Christ 764 and reigned two years. To the intent he might show the indignation of the people, he took for his heir, by adoption, the son of his brother named Ueremunde. Fergus, the iii was made king of scotland and reigned iii years. He was a foul drunken glutton, and so outrageously given to harlots, that he neglected his own wife, and brought her to such penuri▪ that she was feign to serve other noble women for her living. Wherefore she murdered him in his bed, and after slew herself also. Anni regum saxon 83 Great dissension and tumultie was in Rome, The year of the world 4728 The year of Christ 767 for the election of their pope. For a noble man of the Lombard's had by force advanced his brother Constantine to the bishopric, being but a lay person: and not within orders, whom the Romans after deposed, and disannulled whatsoever was by him decreed. Guian, after long war, was subdued to the signory of France by Pipine: which shortly after ended his life Carolomanus and Charles, surnamed the great begun their dominion jointly over the frenchmen. Anni regum saxon 84 The year of the world 4729 The year of Christ 768 Charlemagne had to his portion middle France: and Charles possessed Austracie, with the other deal of France. Solnathius reigned in scotland twenty years, and than died of the gout. In his time rebelled B●nus of the isle of tire and Gillowham of Gallowaie, which were brought to due obeisance. Anni regum saxon 85 Desyderius, king of Lumbardi, The year of the world 4730 The year of Christ 769 coming to Rome under pretence of religion, privily rebuked one Paulus the emperors chamberlain, which abode as then in Rome for that he did not punish the rebellious people, nor endeavour to bring again the governance of italy from the pope to the empire. By whose words Paulus being stired, put to death, and cast in prison divers, which favoured the parts of the frenchmen and the pope, and began to take upon him in the emperors behalf. To quiet this trouble, Stephene the third sent for aid to Charles of France. For the pope's of Rome, when any thing was done contrary to their mind, which they could not amend with their manasinges, used to complain to the French kings, & desire succour of them: by whose power & maintenance, they in process were made lords of the world, and subdued to their becks all other princes. Hunildis, whom Pipine had made ruler of Guyan, rebelled against king Charles, whom Charles subdued, and upon faithful promise of his good abbering restored him to the governance of Guyan. silo driving away Ueremunde, possessed the kingdom of Spain vi years. He took to wife Egimanda the widow of Aurelius. Charlemagne the brother Charles, died: whose wife Bercha with her sons, The year of the world 4732 The year of Christ 771 Anni regum saxon 87 fled to Desiderius the Lumbarde. Charles began his wars against the saxons, which continued the space of xxx years. The year of the world 4733 The year of Christ 772 Anni regum saxon 88 Constantine the emperor, setting forth an navy of two. thousand ships against the camphors, by a wonderful tempest lost a great part of them. Desiderius, king of Lombard's besieged Ravenna and with sword and fire wasted the countrei about. And when he had taken divers cities and towns, belonging to the pope, he took his journey toward Rome. When Adrian pope perceived, that his threatening of excommunication could not stop the rage of Desiderius: The year of the world 4734 The year of Christ 773 he desired help of Charles: Anni regum saxon 89 whose coming into Italy feared so much the Lombard's, that Spoletium and divers other cities, by mean of ambassade yielded, and swore to be true to pope Adrian. Charles after he had discomfited the Lombard's in divers battles, entered Rome: where he was received with great pomp, and made perpetual league with the pope, confirming the gifts that his father Pipine had granted, and restored what so ever was taken away by the Lombard's. The year of the world 4735 Charles, when he had conquered Pavia and Milan did set frenchmen to be rulers therein, The year of Christ 774 Anni regum saxon 90 and banished Desiderius with his wife Lioness. Here endeth the kingdom of the Lombard's: and Italy in the pope's dominion. The saxons invaded the Frenchmen. Charles vanquished, chased and slew the Saxons in divers conflicts, and strong battles. Anni regum saxon 91 Charles once again overcame the saxons, The year of the world 4736 The year of Christ 775 and took them to mercy: Anni regum saxon 92 The year of the world 4737 The year of Christ 776 To subdue certain rebels Charles returned into Italy, took the city Foriulium, obtained Taruisium, & beheaded Rotgandus. Constantine the emperor, going against the camphors forced them to ask peace: which when they shortly after brake and rebelled, he manfully vanquished and subdued them: and returning to Constantinople, triumphed. Mauregatus the son of Alphons Catholicus, by his concubine after the death of silo by the aid of the moors, obtained the kingdom of Spain, and reigned iii years. Anni regum saxon 93 The Saracens inbabiting the bounds of Aquitaine desired aid of Charles against their own king. The year of the world 4738 The year of Christ 777 At that time reigned in Spain iii kings of the Saracens. Charles gathering a great power went toward Spain where he took and destroyed the cities Pempilone, and after fierce and strong battles, and great murdre on both parts vanquished the miscreants, and made them tributary, he subdued to his signory and to christian faith all the country of Spain adjoininge to France, and Gascoigne. In his return, by treason of a certain duke named Gavelon, he lost many of the noble men of France among whom were Roland and Oliver. Kenulphus king of west saxons in Britain as he haunted to a woman, which he kept at Merton, was slain by treason of one Clito, the kinsman of Sigibert late king. Anni regum saxon 94 Brithricus, of the blood of Cerdicus, was made king of west saxons, The year of the world 4739 The year of Christ 778 and knightly ruled his land the space of xvii years. He married one of the daughters of Offa, king of Mertia, by whose power he expelled Egbert, that was an under king in the lordship of west saxons. Constantine the emperor died, whose body Hirene his sons wife, by the counsel of pope Adrian, took up after it was buried, and caused it to be burned, and the ashes cast into the sea, because he disannulled images. Certain of the saxons after they had received the faith of christ came to Rome, where the pope gave them inhabytance in the mount called, Collis Vaticanus. Leo after his father obtained the imperial authority and reigned .v. years The saxons rebelled against Charles, and wasted his country as far as Colleine: whom he vanquished and chased again into their country. Uaramunde reigned in Spain ii years. The year of the world 4741 Leo the emperor made war upon the Saracens dwelling in Surie. The year of Christ 780 Anni regum saxon 96 The year of the world 4742 The saxons always rebelling, Anni regum saxon 97 were always by Charles put to the worse. The year of Christ 781 Alphons, surnamed the chaste, was king of Spain .41. years. The year of the world 4743 Leo the emperor, Anni regum saxon 98 ended his life of the sickness called the carbuncle. The year of the Christ 782 The year of the world 4744 Constantine the vi reigned with his mother Hyrene ix. years, The year of Christ 783 being but a child. Anni regum saxon 99 The year of the world 4748 The Danes first entered this land of Britain. Anni regum saxon 103 But by the strength and puissance of Brithicus, The year of Christ 787 and other kings of the saxons, they were driven back and compelled to void the land. The Grecians which were yet in italy, by the commandment of Constantine the emperor, The year of the world 4749 The year of Christ 788 Anni regum saxon 104 warred on the Italians. With whom encountered certain dukes of Italy, and put them to great damage and loss. After which time the Grecians were more quiet in Italy a long season. The frenchmen overca me the Bavarians and Sclavines, and subdued them to their lordship. Achaius was ordained king of Scots and reigned 32. years. In his time was made the solemn league be●twene Scotland and France, against the saxons or Englishmen: Which took such effect that ever sins that day the Ccottes have more inclined to the french men, than Englishmen. Hyrene empress, and her son Constantine persuaded with the counsel of Therasius bishop of Constantinople, held a counsel at Nicaea, where it was decreed, that images should again be restored to the churches. Anni regum saxon 105 The year of the world 4750 The year of Christ 789 Anni regum saxon 107 Charles of France, The year of the world 4752 The year of Christ 79 leading an army against the Auares, after he had them subdued, entered Pannonye, where he wasted and spoiled the country lying about the river called Raba. Anni regum saxon 108 Constantine the emperor, being come to full age, The year of the world 4753 The year of Christ would not suffer his mother Hyrene, to be any longer partaker or equal with him in the empire, but deposed her of that estate and reigned alone vii years. Godfrey king of Danes. Cleophilus and Stephene, certain bishops being sent of Adrian to Charles, Anni regum saxon 110 held a counsel in France: The year of the world 4755 The year of Christ 794 by authority whereof the vii synod of Constantinople, and the Grecians, concerning abrogation of images, was disannulled and fordone, and the heresy, called Feliciana condemned. Charles of France gave names to the xii months and winds in his mother tongue. Brithicus king of west saxons, was poisoned by his wife Ethelburga. For which deed, the nobles ordained that fromthens forth the kings wives should not be called queens, nor suffered to sit with them in places of estate. EGbert the Saxone, which by Brithricus was chased out of the realm of Britain, Anni regum saxon 1 The year of the world 4756 The year of Christ 795 having knowledge at this time of the death of Brithricus, returned out of France, & in so knightly wise him demeaned, that he obtained the governance of west saxons. He tamed the welshemen, vanquished Berthulphus, king of middle England, and subdued to his signory and obeisance, the kentish saxons, east saxons, and Northumber's, and reigned as king over the more part of England, the space of .37. years. Ce first commanded this land to be called Anglia, and the inhabitants thereof english men or Angles. The bavarians, rebelling against the frenchmen were subdued by Cenry duke of Forumiulii, Anni regum saxon 2 The year of the world 4757 The year of Christ who sent unestimable riches of spoil to king Charles. Thudes prince of Auares, submitted himself and his people to Charles. The saxons forsaking the faith of Christ were vanquished and subdued by Charles, and lost of their soldiers .30000. and their country wasted and spoiled. Adelphonsus, The year of Christ 798 king of Gallice and Austria, encountered with the Saracens in Spain, The year of the world 4795 Anni regum saxon 4 and conquered their chief and regal cit●e Lugsebourne, and gave it to his soldiers to spoil: and sent great and rich gifts Charles, of the pray that he had taken in that war. Hyrenes' being sore grieved, with the ill demeanour of her son Constantine the emperor, by privy means get him into her hands, and putting out his eyes, cast him in prison: where for sorrow he died, and his mother reigned after him four years. The year of the world 4760 The year of Christ 799 The son lost his light the space of xviii days. Pascalia and Campulus, priests of Rome, Anni regum saxon 5 conspired against pope Leo, and accompanied with men of arms set upon him in time of procession. But by the help of Abbinus his chamberlain: he escaped being sore beaten and wounded, and so fled into France to Charles: who restored him to his bishopric. Charles came to Rome, Anni regum saxon 6 and hard the accusations of Leo, The year of the world The year of Christ 800 concerning the foresaid conspiracy: at which time Leo was purged of all crime, because he swore that he was not guilty of such things, as were laid against him. For it was not meet (said the people and the priests) that any man should judge the Apostolic pope but that he should be his own judge. Wherefore by his own oath he was quited & his adversaries condemned The year of Christ 802 Leo for this benefit, Anni regum saxon 7 caused Charles to be proclaimed emperor of Rome, The year of the world 4762 and crowned him with the imperial Diadem in the city, after the ancient custom of the Romans. This happened .468. years after that Constantine the great, transfarred the imperial sea from Rome to Constantinople, and .330. years after Rome had been without the name of an emperor. This Charles (by consent of all writers) was fair and seemly of parsonage, The year of Christ Anni regum saxon 8 and of lusty and valiant courage. Of his strength wonders are told. His guise was, to eat at one meal a whole hare, or two hens, or a whole goose, or like quantity of other meat, and drink thereto a little wine mingled with water. For his noble prows and victories he was named Charles the great. And notwithstanding his great might and honour, yet was he meek and lowly in heart, and mild and gracious to the poor. He set his sons to learn as well good letters as martial feats: and his daughters to spynning of wool work. He was expert in all speeches, and needed no interpreter. At meal he used to have some notable thing red, and specially of S. Augustine. De civi dei: finally, in him was nothing to be discommended but that he kept his daughters to long unmarrided. Aaron, king of Persie, sent great gifts to Charles, desiring him of amit●e, and alliance. In like manner did Irenes the empress of Constantinople. Charles transferred all the saxons, dwelling beyond the river Albia in Boheme, into the country of France of which people came the Brabantes & flemings. Anni regum saxon 9 The year of the world 4764 The year of Christ 803 Nichephorus, a senator of Constantinople, deposed Hirene, sent her into banishment, and reigned viii years after her. He made league with Charles, and was at agreement for the bounds of both their empires. Charles began his war against the Huns, which continued viii years, The year of the world 4766 The year of Christ 805 and then he utterly vanquished their whole power, Anni regum saxon 11 and brought them in subjection. At which time all the glory of the Huns decayed, all their nobility perished, and the great riches, that they of long time had gathered, was taken from them and spoiled. Charles the younger vanquished the Bohemes. Anni regum saxon 12 The Danes with a great host entered this land of Britain the second time, Anni regum saxon 14 The year of the world 4767 The year of Christ 806 The year of the world 4769 The year of Christ 808 and spoiled the isle of Shepei in Kent. Against whom Egbert the king sped him with his power, whom the Danes compelled to forsake the field. After which time some of the Danes continually abode, in one place or other of this land. The Saracens wasted the islands of Sardinia and Corsiea. Lewis the son of Charles, went with an army against the Saracens, which invaded Spain. Nicephorus, emperor of Constantinople, took Populonium, a city of Hetruria, and cast it to the earth. Pipine king of italy, warred upon the venetians because they favoured more the part of Nicephorus, The year of the world 4770 The year of Christ 809 Anni regum saxon 15 than of Charles his father and the frenchmen. Ater which war they were made friends, and the venetians suffered to use their ancient liberties. Pipine died at Milan. The Danes overcame the lands of Charles in Germany. Charles made peace with Nicephorus, emperor of Constantinople, The year of the world 4771 The year of Christ 810 and with Abulazar king of Spain. Anni regum saxon 16 This year was a double eclipse, both of the son and of the moon. The year of the world 4772 The year of Christ 811 Anni regum saxon 17 Nicephorus, emperor of Constantinople, Anni regum saxon 18 which in divers encounters had vanquished the camphors, The year of the world 4773 The year of Christ 812 was lastly slain of Chrummus their king. After whom Stauratius his son obtained the empire: and before he had reigned fully one year, was murdered by his kinsman Michael, who usurped the imperial crown ii years. Hemingus king of Danes after Godfrey made league with Charles, and recompensed him for the injuries done by his predecessor Godfrey. Abumalach king of Saracens, in Spain, made league with Charles. The year of Christ 813 Anni regum saxon 19 The year of the world 4774 Lewis was made fellow in the empire with his father Charles: and Bernharde, son of Pipine king of Italy. After the death of Hemingus, king of Danes, civil war was arreared between Sigefrede and A●●lo, for the succession: at which time was slain. ●940. of Danes and then was herold and Reginfride ordained kings. The year of Christ 814 Michael, emperor of Constantinople, Anni regum saxon 20 afterdyvers victories obtained on the camphors, The year of the world 4775 was at the length by them chased: and fled to Constantinople, where he gave up the imperial authority and led a private life In his place was chosen a noble man, called Leo: who forthwith vanquished and drove back the camphors, which with their army had besieged the city of Constantinople. Charles the great ended his life, and was entered at Aquisgrane. Lewis, the son of Charles, succeeded his father, as well in the governance of the empire, Anni regum saxon 21 The year of the world 4776 The year of Christ 815 as in the kingdom of France, which he ruled xxv years well and nobly. For his gentleness he was surnamed Lewis the mild He made his son Lothayre partaker of the empire. Anni regum saxon 22 Lewis vanquished the Danes, The year of the world 4777 The year of Christ 816 and restored Harold to his kingdom, whom, they before had expelled. Anni regum saxon 23 Paschal, The year of the world 4778 being made pope without the consent of Lewis somewhat to the discontenting of his mind, The year of Christ 817 in all hast excused himself by letters, fearing greatly the emperors displeasure. The Gascoynes, which rebelled against the French men, were vanquished and brought in subjection. Anni regum saxon 24 Great discord was among the Saracens, The year of the world 4779 The year of Christ 818 in so much that their kingdom was divided into iiii. parts ii ruled in Spain, one in Egypt and Africa, an ot her in Surie and Arabi●. Word was brought to Lewis the emperor, that bernard his kinsman and ruler of italy, Anni regum saxon 25 The year of the world 4780 The year of Christ 819 by the counsel of certain bishops gathered to him a great power, and endevoired to withhold from his dominion the country of italy, whom he subdued, and put to death, and of his allies, part he banished, part he enclosed in monosteries, as the bishop of Milan, the bishop of Cremona, the bishop of orleans, with others. The country of little Britain rebelling, was brought again in subjection. Conwallus succeeded Achaius in the kingdom of Scotland and reigned .v. years. Lewis the emperor made Lothayre his eldest son partaker of the empire, Anni regum saxon 27 The year of the world 4782 The year of Christ 822 his second son Pipine he ordained king of Guyan, and his youngest, called Lewis, of Bayon or Bavarie. Michael surnamed Balbas, after he had traitorously murdered Leo, by force obtained the empire of the east and reigned ix years. Ralmiris the son of Uaramunde, reigned in Spain vi▪ years. Lothayre, the eldest son of jews, Anni regum saxon 29 being sent of his father in italy, The year of the world 4784 The year of Christ 823 was there anointed king, by the pope and named Augustus. But because certain of the Romans refused to do him due obeisance, he returned to his father to Pavia, desiring of himayde to subdue his rebels. At this time (saith Fabian) the Danes entered the second time into this land of Britain. jews with the sword spoiled the country of little Britain, The year of the world 4785 The year of Christ 824 which refused to obey him. Anni regum saxon 30 Dongallus reigned in Scotland vi years, and as he was going with an army against the Pictes (in the quarrel of Alpine, a Scotte which claimed the crown of Pictes) was drowned in a river. Aydo, whom Lewis had made provost of Guyan, rebelled, trusting to the aid of the Saracens in Spain, and by crafty means took and spoiled the city Ansonia Many cities in the hither Spain yielded and became subject to the Saracens. The Saracens invaded Crete, and subdued the same well near wholly to their dominion. They vanquished the Greeks in two great battles. The year of the world 4788 The year of Christ 827 A great sedition in the city of Venice, Anni regum saxon 31 by mean of obelericus, which was (not long after) slain by Particiacus then chief governor of Venice. The Saracens in divers quarters wasted most cruelly the lands of christendom. The Saracens of Spain overran the countries lying between Spain and France. They which were in Africa spoiled and brent Sicily, and the Saracens of Asia invaded Crete. Lewis the emperor ordained, that the ministers of the church and word of god, should not be subject to any humane servage: and appointed to them certain livings, whereby they should not be constriegned by poverty to forsake their duty and office of preaching judith the wife of Lewis, whom he loved entirely, and had received by her a son called Charles, was against his will from him divorced by authority of the pope, and suit of his own children. Anni regum saxon 32 The year of the world 4789 The year of Christ 828 Boniface earl of Corsica, with a strong navy pierced Africa, and rob and spoiled the country between Utica and Carthage, in such wise that he caused the Saracens to leave Sicily, and return to the defence of their own country. Ordinius reigned in Spain ten years. Anni regum saxon 33 Lewis the emperor by strength recovered his wife judith to his company, maugre all his enemies. The year of the world 4790 The year of Christ 829 For which deed ●othaire his son, with other Barones' of France, assembled their power, and intended to have deprived Lewis of all imperial and kingly dignity. Alpine the son of Achaius was made king of Scott●s, he pursued the war against the Pictes, and slew their king Feredech, but not long after he was vanquished and slain by Brudus king of Pictes, when he had reigned four years. Anni regum saxon 35 Theophilus was ordained emperor of Constantinople. The year of the world 4762 The year of Christ 831 Anni regum saxon 1 EThelwolphus, The year of the world 4793 The year of Christ 832 the son of Egbert began his reign over the more part of England. This man in his youth was willing to have been a priest, and entered the order of subdeacon: how be it after he married a wife, of whom he received four sons, which reigned after him successively. The iii sons of Lewis deposed their father, The year of the world 4794 The year of Christ 833 and kept him in prison, Anni regum saxon 2 dividing between them his empire, and other possessions. Anni regum saxon 3 Lewis by the diligent means, and labour of Guillian stuwarde of his lands, and certain other nobles, The year of the world 4795 The year of Christ 834 was again restored to his imperial authority and gently pardoned the obstinacy of his children. Theophilus' emperor of Constantinople, The year of the world 4796 twice encountered the Saracens, Anni regum saxon 4 which spoiled Asia: The year of Christ 835 and was twice vanquished and put to flight. The city Amorium was taken and beaten to the ground by the Saracens. Kenneth reigned in scotland twenty years. He maintained the war against the Pictes so fiercely, that he vanquished them in divers great battles, slew their king, and lastly chased them utterly out of the bounds of scotland, a thousand .151. years (as sayeth the Scottish history) after they began to have dominion in that countrei, fro the coming of Scots into Albion after their opinion .1421. years. Lewis, taking again to him his wife judith, was again vexed with war by his son Lothayre, which shortly after, mistrusting his strength, submitted him to his father's mercy: which gently forgave him. About this time Gregory the four ordained first the feast of all saints. The Saracens, Anni regum saxon 6 with a greater power than ever they had done before, The year of the world The year of Christ 837 invaded Italy, besieged the city of Rome, and in most cruel wise destroyed the suburbs and country there about. The Normains infested the Frenchmen. Pipine, son of Lewis the emperor died, which often times had been unfaithful to his father. Alphons the third, surnamed the great, reigned in Spain .40. years. The year of the world 4800 The year of Christ 839 Lewis made his younger son Charles king of Neustria, or Normandy. Anni regum saxon 7 The year of the world 4801 The year of Christ 840 Lewis when he had disposed his empire and kingdom to his children, ended his life, Anni regum saxon 8 with most gentle heart, forgiving the unkind trespass of his son Lewis which thrice had vexed him with deadly wars. At which time remembering the unnatural minds of his own children, for sorrow he fell in such lamentable weeping, that he could not speak a good space after. He was buried in Meaws, by his mother Hildegarde. Not long after the death of Lewis, great distance and war, chanced between the iii brethren, for the division of their father's lands. For Lewis and Lothayre maligned against Charles their younger brother because the chief of their father's lands, that is, middle France, was assigned for his portion. Wherefore ere it were long, for this cause most cruel war was arreared. In which, Charles with his soldiers behaved them so manly, that his brethren were vanquished in battle, and forced to forsake the field. At which conflict were more Frenchmen slain, than ever was afore that day. When this battle was thus blouddyly ended, entreaty of peace was made: by agreement whereof France was divided into iii parts. Anni regum saxon 9 The year of the world 4802 to Lothayre was given Austracie, with the lands of the empire: The year of Christ 841 to Lewis Germany and Guyan: to Charles, middle France and the provinces of Normandy and Burgoyne. Sergius was ordained pope, The year of Christ 843 who before was called Osporc● (that is) hogs snout, Anni regum saxon 11 which name, The year of the world 4804 because it seemed vile and unclean, he was permitted to choose the name of one of his predecessors pope's, which custom remaineth among them to this day. another company of the Danes invaded England and vexed the inhabitants, with all cruelty, and especially the country of Kent. But in the end they were constrained to forsake the land, and fly to their ships, bearing with them great riches and treasure. Alphons king of Spain, The year of Christ 844 mistrusting that his three brethren had conspired by privy means to dispatch him out of life, Anni regum saxon 12 commanded their eien to be put out, The year of the world 4805 and them to be cast in prison. The discord of the Frenchmen caused many foreign enemies to invade the lands of the empire. The people of Germany, called Abroditi, The year of Christ 845 forsaking the dominion of Lewis were brought again in subjection. Anni regum saxon 13 The year of the world 4806 The normans or Danes, The year of Christ 846 invaded the country of Aquitaine. Anni regum saxon 14 The year of the world 4807 The Britain's rebelled, against whom Charles warred ten years. Michael the son of Theophilus, governed the east empire together with his mother Theodora xi years. A great earthquake in Rome. Anni regum saxon 15 Ethelwolphus, king of England, yode to Rome: where he repaired the English school, The year of the world 4808 The year of Christ 847 which was first founden by Offa, king of Mertia. This school was after turned to an hospital for Englishmen, which came to Rome. The Saracens of Mauritania, vanquished the Grecians and people of Uenece in a great battle on the sea, and after invaded Delmatia, and then with their power entered italy, where they took and most cruelly spoiled and cast to ground the city Ancona. At the city Ostia, in Italy, Anni regum saxon 17 the Romans fought prosperously, The year of the world 4810 The year of Christ 849 and vanquished the Saracens. The Normains or Danes, pierced the realm of France by the river Leyr, and overrode the country of Guyan and took and spoiled many famous cities, as Bordeaux Sanctone, Engolisne, Turone, Poicters, Paris, and other: at which time Charles warred in Britain. Lothayre made Lewis his son fellow in the empire The year of the world 4811 The year of Christ 850 Ethelwolphus, king of England, Anni regum saxon 18 first founded the university of Oxenford: which sum writers attribute to Offa king of Mertia, that was in the time of Charles the great .60. years before this time. Anni regum saxon 19 The year of the world 4812 The year of Christ 851 A great famine and death in Germany. Anni regum saxon 22 The year of the world 4815 The year of Christ 854 john the vii pope. This was an English woman, which in her youth, being arrayed in a man's apparel, companied a learned man (which kept her) to the city of Athenes, where by her wit, diligence, and daily hearing of learned men, she became excellent in the knowledge of good letters. Wherefore she dissimulinge still her proper kind, came after to Rome: and, for the opinion of her great learning was chosen pope. But by her lightness she declared herself to be a woman. For not long after she travailed with child in the mids of the street in procession time. EThelwaldus after the death of his father, Anni regum saxon 1 began his reign in England. The year of the world 4816 The year of Christ 755 He married a woman, which his father had kept before as his concubine: and died, when he had reigned not fully one year. donald the .v. of that name a vicious and wicked prince (reigned in scotland vi years. In his time Osbert and Ella captains of the Englishmen and Britons, made war upon the Scots, took their king, and subdued all the country from Strivelinge to the Irish seas, and from the water of Forth and Clide to Cumber. Lothayre forsook the dignity of the empire, and became a monk. He divided his lands between his iii sons, to Lothayre, the part of France called Lorraine: to Charles, the country of Narbone: to Lewis the governance of the empire, which he guided xxi years. EThelbert, the brother of Ethelwalde, was ordained king over the more part of England. Anni regum Angli 1 The year of the world 4817 The year of Christ 856 In the beginning of his reign, the Danes ent●red the west part of the realm, and spoiled the country afore them till they came to Winchester: and by strength took the city. But by the king and his Dukes, they were forced to leave Winchester, and in fleeing toward their ships lost a great noumbre of their men. Charles, when he had vanquished Homeuoi●s and Crispoius, captains of the Britain's, and brought them in due subjection, was proclaimed king of that countrei and returned into France. Anni regum Angli 2 Theodora, which governed the east empire, The year of the world 4818 The year of Christ 857 because she contemned images, was of her own son Michael enclosed in a monastery, and kept as prisoner. After which time Michael reigned alone xiii years. Anni regum Angli 5 Lewis, king of Germany in divers battles vanquished the Slavines, The year of the world 4821 The year of Christ which refused his dominion and took their prince Rastiz, whom: because he had broken his league he bereft of his sight. Tiber overflowed Rome in such wise, that they used boats. At Brixium a cite of italy iii▪ days together it ra yned blood. Constantine the second, a good and virtuous prince reigned in Scotland xiii years. ETheldrede the iii son of Ethelwalphus, took on him the governance of west saxons, Anni regum Angli 1 The year of the world 4824 The year of Christ 863 and other provinces, of England. He was a man, framed of nature as well to peace as war. Among his subjects he was mild, gentle, loving and pleasant: against his adversaries, severe, fierce, valiant and hardy. He lived in continual war with the Danes: which all the time of his reign, vexed the land with most deadly wars A company of Danes landed in Northumberland: and after many skirmishes and battles to them given, by strength they possessed and held that country the space of .60. years, and took also the city of York. another company entered in the province of Mertia and took the town of Nottingham: from whence they were shortly expelled by etheldred and his knights. Nicolas the first pope, decreed, that nosecular prince or emperor should be at the counsel of the clergy The year of the world 4826 The year of Christ 865 Anni regum Angli 3 The year of the world 4828 The Saracens, breaking into Italy, destroyed the city called Benevente. The year of Christ 867 Anni regum Angli 5 Against whom the emperor Lewis fought prosperously, with the aid of his brother Lothayre. The Normans invaded divers provinces of France whom Charles was fain for that time to please with rich gifts and treasure. The camphors which to this day dissented from the church of Rome, The year of the world 4829 The year of Christ 868 agreed with them in all things. Anni regum Angli 6 At which time their king, forsaking his regally, became a monk. Sueropilus, king of Dalmacie, with his people the Slavines, received first the religion of Christ. The kingdom of Dalmacie was divided into four parts: the names whereof remain at this day. A counsel was hold at Constantinople: Anni regum Angli 7 where after many words had for the unity and concord of the Latins and Grecians: The year of the world 4830 The year of Christ 869 it chanced that the old variance took place, and was again renewed. A company of the Danes entered the country of Northff. where they slew the holy king Edmund, which governed the province of Norfolk: because he would not for sake the faith of Christ. The year of the world 4831 The year of Christ 870 Basilius by treason murdered Michael, Anni regum Angli 8 and possessed the empire of the east xvii years. Lothayre king of Lorraine ended his life at Placence of whose lands Charles king of France, by strength took possession. For which cause was great debate between him and his elder brother Lewis of Germanye The country of Lorayn was divided between Charles and Lewis: wherewith Lewis the emperor was sore grieved, and sent a sharp message to them, that neither the tone, Anni regum Angli 9 nor the t'other, The year of the world 4832 The year of Christ 871 should intermit with the lands of Lothayre, to the which he had most rightful titel. The Danes, which afore had pierced the countrei of Northff. landed again in Southerie, and continued till they came to Reading, and took the town and castle: at which time, while Ethelrede was busied against them he had word of the landing of Ofrike, king of Denmark (as say the english chroniclers) with an other company: to whom the king gave many strong battles but in the end he was put to the Corpse, and received a wound, whereof he died. alured the iii son of Ethelwolphus, The year of Christ 872 began his reign over the more part of England. Anni regum Angli 1 The year of the world 4833 This man was of fair stature & comely parsonage, no less renowned in martial policy, than in civil governance of his comen weal. He was wise discrete and learned, and favoured good letters excellently well. In youth somewhat he was disposed to the vice of the flesh and therefore besought god to chastise him by some continual sickness, whereby he might serve god the better and yet not be made unapt to worldly business. Wherefore by the ordinance of god, he was taken with the evil, called Ficus▪ and was thereof sick a long space. alured, in the first year of his reign, in sundry places fought vi times with the Danes: by means whereof his people were so weakened, that he was glad to make peace with his enemies. Anni regum Angli 3 A wonderful multitude of the flies called Locusts, The year of the world 4835 The year of Christ 874 vexed well near all the countries of France. This fly burneth the corn with touching, and devoureth the residue. Whereof ensued a great scarcite & dearth in France About this time (as sayeth the Scottish history Hunger and Hubba the bretherneof Cadaaus king of Denmark, with a great company of Danes, invaded scotland, with whom their king Constantine met & at the first encounter put them to the worse, but after by the negligence of his soldiers, he was vanquished, taken and slain, with .10666. Scots when he had reigned xiii. years. Solomon, king of Normains, died, after whom a civil war was raised between Pasquitanus, and Uurfandus for succession in the kingdom: whereby many of the Normains were slain. Bells were first used in Grece. The Danes broke the league made with alured. Wherefore in as secret manner as he might, The year of the world 4737 The year of Christ 876 Anni regum Angli 5 he assembled a chosen company, and set upon them suddenly. And after the first discomfiture, held them so short, that he constrained them to give hostages for surety of peace. Ethus reigned in Scotland ii years. He was so swift that in renning he could overtake a great heart or greihound. Charles, surnamed the Bald, Anni regum Angli 6 king of France obtained by great gifts of john pope, The year of the world 4838 The year of Christ 877 to be admitted to the imperial authority. Wherewith Lewis king of germany, his elder brother, was much displeased. But this Lewis before he could revenge his quareli, ended his life. Than Charles of France ceased upon the land and province, of Lorraine. For which injury, and also to recover the empire to the Germans, Lewis the son of the forenamed Lewis of Germany, with his brethren Charles and Charlemagne (gathering to them great power) set upon his uncle Charles of France, and him vanquished, put to flight and chased: and after that divided the lands of his father between him and his brethren. Gregour reigned in Scotland xviii years. This was a sage, wise, and puissant prince, and a man of great prows. He recovered Fife and Lothian, & the countries that were taken from the Scots by the Danes, or other enemies. He drove the Danes out of Northumberlande (as affirmeth the Scottish history) and made that province tributary to him, he took from the Britain's Cumber and Westmoreland, and vanquished and subdued the Irishmen. The year of the world 4839 The year of Christ 878 Charles the emperor sickened at Mantua, Anni regum Angli 7 and there was poisoned by one Sedechias a jew, whom he used for his physician. Carsius the son of Alphons king of Spain iii years. Charles, surnamed the iii sped him toward Italy to claim the imperial crown: Anni regum Angli 8 The year of the world 4840 The year of Christ 879 but john the pope not willing to make him emperor, but would the imperial authority should remain with the frenchmen, fled into France and authorized king Lewis, the stammarer, and son of Charles the bald. But after ii years he returned to Rome, and anointed Charles the third, Anni regum Angli 10 The year of the world 4842 The year of Christ 881 and crowned him with the imperial Diadem: by which means the empire came again to the Germans. This Charles defended Italy from the invasion of the Saracens. Lewis and Charlemagne, the sons of Lewis the stammarer, were proclaimed kings of France. Between whom, and Lewis of Germany, fell strife and debate, by the mean of two French gentlemen called Gossellne and Conrade, which excited Lewis the German to war upon the ii young kings. Ordinius succeeded his brother Garsius in the kingdom of Spain, and reigned viii years. The Normains or Danes, invaded, rob, and pilled the countries of France, about the river Maze. Ordonius, king of Spain, The year of the world 4843 The year of Christ 882 by the untruth deceived and put to death the four Earls of Galyce. Anni regum Angli 11 For which deed the province of Gallice forsook his dominion and ordained to them certain judges, to whom they committed the governance of their realm. The Normains continually rob France, and possessed many parts thereof, as Campaine, and the country about the river Lyger. Martin the ii was pope one year. Lewis, king of Germany, died: wherefore Charles the emperor departed from italy, to take possession of his brother's lands. The Danes conquered, brent, and cast to the ground, Treversand vanquished the Frenchmen. Anni regum Angli 13 Lewis, king of France, ended his life, The year of the world after whom Charles or Charlemagne his brother, The year of Christ 884 fell at communication of peace with the Danes, And finally concluded that Godfrey their king (to confess the faith of christ, and to be christened) should enjoy the whole province of Frise. After this time, the space of .60. years, the empire of Rome was vexed with civil wars, and all kind of misery: in so much that by the injury of these times, honest●e greatly decayed, and the name of learning and good letters was almost forgotten. Alurede of England was sore overset with new companies of the Danes. But at length taking to him a valiant courage, he enterprised to espy the manner of his enemies, in this wise. He did on him the habit of a minstrel, and with his instrument of music entered the tents of the Danes, and in showing them pastime and song he espied all their flouth and idleness, and hard much of their counsel. Than privily returning to his army with a chosen company fell upon the Danes, in the night, and slew of them a great number: and lastly concluded a peace, on condition, that as many of them as would be christened, should inhabit the provinces of Eastangles, and Northumberlande: the other to departed into France. Adrian, pope one year. He obtained, that the emperors authority should not be looked for in the creation of the pope. The year of the world 4847 The year of Christ 886 Charles the emperor, Anni regum Angli 15 after the death of his kinsman was made king of France. By the counsel of Notus alured, king of England ordained the first grammarschole in Oxenford, & fraunchesed that town with many great liberties. The Normains besieged the city of Paris, and afier yode to Soysons, The year of the world 4847 The year of Christ 887 destroying the country before them. Anni regum Angli 16 Leo the son of Basile emperor of Grece. The Huns, a people of Scythia, breaking out of their own country, invadde Pannonie, expelling the Gepides and Auares, and joined them with their kinsmen the Hungares. Phroilla expelling his brother's children, Anni regum Angli 18 took on him the kingdom of Spain: The year of the world The year of Christ and when he had reigned one year died being taken with the lepry. Certain of the Danes returned again into France into England and besieged the town of Rochester and were driven back by king alured. Anni regum Angli 20 Charles the emperor, for his negligence, The year of the world 4852 The year of Christ 891 was deposed by Arnolphus his nephew choose emperor in his place who reigned xii years. Eudo son of Robert Duke of Ang●●w, was made king of France, and protector of the young prince Charles the simple. The Lombard's partly desiring to renew their kingdom, partly, contemning the feebleness of the Romans ordained Beringarius to be emperor: an other company, dissenting from them made Uuido king of italy: which was before Duke of Spoletum: between which two noble men was arreared deadly war. Alphons the four reigned .v. years. Leo the emperor, by aid of the Turks, at the first encounter vanquished the camphors. But afterward trusting to their false pretended peace, he was put by them to great damage. Anni regum Angli 21 The Danes with most eager cruelty entered four parts of this land together, The year of the world 4853 The year of Christ 892 and when they were expelled from one part, forthwith they passed to an other. Yet that notwithstanding, the good and valiant king Alurede, behaved him so wisely, that by the ready assistance of his people, he had of them alway the upper hand. Uuido, king of italy, chased Beringarius out of his country to Arnulph the emperor, which as then was occupied in the wars against the Normains, whom he subdued. At election of Formosus, popewas great strife and variance: but in the end, he by Mars and money obtained the bishopric. Arnolph entered Italy against Uuido, The year of the world 4855 The year of Christ 894 and took Bergamum: and hung their earl Ambrose upon a gibbette. Anni regum Angli 23 Zwentebaldus, Duke of Moravia, rebelled against Arnolph which had committed to him the Dukedom of Boheme: whom for so much as he could not bring in subjection by his own power, he desired help of the Hungares: by whose assistance he brought the Duke to due obeisance. donald the vi reigned in scotland xi years. He made a law, that all men that did forswear themself: or speak of the devil, should be burned in the lips with a hot iron. The Normains besieged Paris the second time. England was vexed with iii manner scourges: war of the Danes: The year of the world 4856 The year of Christ 895 great mortality of men: Anni regum Angli 24 and moreine of beasts. Arnolph went into italy the second time: and by force entered the city of Rome, The year of the world 4857 The year of Christ 896 Anni regum Angli 25 and was crowned with the imperial diadem, by Formosus the pope. Raimitis, king of Spain xix years. He cast his brother Alphons in prison, and bereft him of his sight: because he denied the faith of christ The year of the world 4858 Stephene the vi was ordained pope, Anni regum Angli 26 which so envied the name of his predecessor Formosus, The year of Christ 897 that he abrogated and dissolved his decrees: and taking up his body after it was buried, cut of his head and fingers of his right hand, and commanded them to be cast into Tiber: and then buried his body in a private sepulchre. Which cruel deed some attributed to Sergius, that laboured for the bishopric together with Formosus. In Rome were .v. pope's within the space of iii years, that is, Boniface the vi Stephene the vi Romanus, Theodorus the second, john the ix who reigned ii years: and then suceded Bennet the four Charles being of just age, Anni regum Angli 27 took on him the kingdom of France: The year of the world 4861 The year of Christ 900 who, for his modesty, sinceritee, and innocency of life, was surnamed simple, and was nothing framed of nature for worldly business and troubles of war: and therefore he ceased alway from warfare and gave him to quietness. EDwarde, the elder son of alured, Anni regum Angli 1 began his reign over the more part of England & governed this land well and nobly xxiiii years. The year of the world 4892 The year of Christ 901 In knowledge of good letters he was not to be compared to his father. But in honour, worship, and martial prows, nothing inferior. And was also very profitable to the common weal, in building and repairing many castles, towns, and cities, which were razed and broken by the Danes. He in his time adivigned to his lordship all this island, saving only Northumberlande, which was possessed of the Danes. Uuido, the Lumbarde, ended his life: after whom Beringarius obtained the kingdom of Italy. But the Lombard's, not being content with one, ordained for their king a valiant and merciall young man, named La●thbert, the son of Uuido. Arnolph emperor of germany died of the lousy evil. Anni regum Angli 2 Edward of England made war against Constantine king of Scots, and forced him to desire peace. The year of the world 4863 The year of Christ Shortly after he quieted the Welsshemen. Anni regum Angli 3 Lewis, the son of Arnolph, The year of the world 4864 The year of Christ 803 was chosen emperor of Germanye. He was never crowned with the imperial Diadem at Rome. For Beringarius the Lumbarde, held from him by force, the dominion of Italy. Constantine the third of that name was ordained king of Scots, and reigned xl years. Anni regum Angli 5 Alexander, The year of the world 4866 The year of Christ a man wholly addict to all filthy living was made emperor of Constantinople. Lanthberte, the son of Uuido, was sla●ne by treason, as he was in hunting. After whom the italians chose Lewis the son of Boson to their king. Adeluoldus, the brother of king Edward of England, being excited of the Danes of Northumberlande, made war upon his brother, whom Edward vanquished, and so eagerly pursued, that he constreygned him, with many of the Danes, to forsake the land, and fly to France. Sergius a man rude, unlearned, very proud and cruel, Anni regum Angli was ordained bishop of Rome. The year of the world 4867 The year of Christ He commanded the body of Formosus to be taken out of the sepulchre, and cast into Tiber. In this time, within the space of ix years, had been in Rome ix bishops: of the which Bennet the four reigned iii years. And none of any estimation or learning, but all cruel, malicious, and proud. At which time the bishops of Rome, setting a side all honesty began to be openly naught, as Platyne (that writeth their lives) doth greatly complain. Constantine, a man of good disposition, was authorized emperor of Constantynople, who by treason was immediately deposed, Romans, sovereign captain of his army, usurped, the imperial authority .39. years. Adevoldus, the brother of king Edward, with a company of Danes, landed again in England, where after sore fight (in the which Adelwalde was slain) peace was concluded between Edward and the Danes. Rollo the Dane made sure the province of Normandye, that was given to him by the French king, and renewed the league, which ever after he kept firmly. The Huns or Hungares, molested all parts of Europe with most cruel wars. The year of the world 4868 The year of Christ 907 Anni regum Angli 7 The Bavares, encountering with the Huns, were chased and slain, with their captain Luithbalde. The Huns subdued the camphors, and made them tributary. The year of the world 4869 The year of Christ 908 Anni regum Angli 8 The Hungares broke into Almaigne, where they spoiled the land, The year of the world 4870 The year of Christ 909 and put to flight Lewis the emperor. Anni regum Angli 9 Not long after they pierced Italy, and overrenning the country, filled every place with murder, both of man woman and child, with whom Beryngaryus met in the field, and was put to flight. Edward of England vanquished Ericius chief lord of the Danes, The year of the world 4871 The year of Christ 910 Anni regum Angli 10 which possessed Northff. and Southff. and subdued that province to his signory. The year of the world 4872 The year of Christ 911 In this time a noble woman, named Elfleda, sister to king Edward, Anni regum Angli 11 governed the province of middle England. The woman when she had ones assayed the pains, that women suffer in traveling with child, ever after hated the embrasynges of her husband saying, that it was not seemly for any noble woman to use such fleshly liking, whereof should ensue so great sorrow and pain. A great noumbre of Danes, which in time of alured were driven out of this land, returned into the west country of England, which having word of the kings coming against them, after certain robberies, fled into Ireland. Chunrade, nephew to Lewis the iii and Duke of east France, was by the counsel of Otto, Duke of Saxone, made emperor, and was the last emperor, of the stock of the great Charles. Anni regum Angli 12 After whom, The year of the world 4873 The year of Christ 912 the empire was transferred to the saxons. Anni regum Angli 13 arnold, Duke of bavary, The year of the world 4874 The year of Christ 913 Burchard Duke of Swave Euerharde Duke of East France, and Gis●berte of Lorraine rebelled against Chunrade the emperor: whom, by his wisdom and policy, he brought to dew obeisance. Beringarius of italy took prisoner Lewis, The year of the world 4875 The year of Christ 914 which was set up as king against him by the Italians, Anni regum Angli 14 and deprived him as well of his regally as of his sight. Charles, king of France, The year of the world 4976 The year of Christ 915 by the manhood of his knights recovered to the lordship the province of Lorraine. Anni regum Angli 15 The hungares wasted the country of Almain. Ordonius reigned in Spain .v. years. Anni regum Angli 17 Elfleda, princess of Mertya, The year of the world 4878 The year of Christ 917 which had tamed the Welsshemen, and in divers battles chased the Danes, ended her life. After whose death Edward held that province in his own hand. The Hungares, leaving Almaigne, came into Lorraine, The year of Christ 918 and the country annexed thereunto, Anni regum Angli 18 The year of the world 4879 which they spoiled without mercy. At Nottyngham two kings, that is to say, The year of the world 4880 The year of Christ 919 of scotland and of Wales, Anni regum Angli 19 yielded them to king Edward of England, and chose him for their chief lord and sovereign. Chunrade the emperor gave place to nature, and by his brother Euerharde sent the imperial insygnes to Henrye Duke of Saxone▪ and him appointed to be emperor Anni regum Angli 20 Henrye the first was proclaimed emperor. The year of the world 4881 The year of Christ 920 This man was of great virtue, wisdom and soberness: and for his worthiness in arms marvelously praised: at his election repined Arnolde Duke of bavary: whom with wise counsel and gentle exhortation he appeased. This henry was the first emperor of the saxons, and was never crowned of the Roman bishop, neither had the dominion of italy. Anni regum Angli 11 In Spain Santius, surnamed the gross, The year of the world 4882 The year of Christ was king xi. years. He was so wonderful fat of body, that he was never in health. Wherefore to help, he yode to Abdemarus, king of Saracens, which in the science of physic was very expert. In the mean season, Ordonius by treason usurped the crown. But Santius, by healp of the Saracens recovered his kingdom, and punished the rebels. The year of the world 4883 The year of Christ 922 Roberte, Duke of Guyan, Anni regum Angli 22 and brother of E●do last king of France, contrary his troth and allegiance, ceased certain cities and holds of the inheritance of king Charles, and was by him vanquished and slain. Henry emperor of German overcame the Hungares The year of the world 4884 The year of Christ 923 The Saracens of Afryke invaded and rob the country of Calabre and Poyle, Anni regum Angli 23 possessed divers cities of the romans, and the province of Bonevente, and consulted between themself of the utter destruction and devastation of Rome: whom john the ten being than bishop, by the help of Romanus the emperor of Grece, and Laudolphe Duke of Bonevent, as witnesseth Lyuthbert, put to flight, and slew of them a great noumbre. But Blondus referreth the occasion of this invasion of the Saracens to Romanus, and the Duke of Bonevent, and affirmeth this victory to be achieved by Albericus Earl of Hetruria. After the death of Rollo, Duke of Normandye, succeeded his son William, which was of great authority among the frenchmen. The year of the world 4885 The year of Christ 924 Charles, king of France, Anni regum Angli 24 returning from the victory, which he had obtained, against Robert Duke of Guyan, by treason was taken, cast in prison, and lately slain, by Heberte Earl of Uermend●ys, and brother in law to the said Duke of Guyan. Henrye emperor of germany made league with the Hungares, and shortly after recovered from the French men the province of Lorraine. Rodolphe, Duke of Burgoyne, provoked of the italians, entered Italy, and overcame Beringarius: whom he deprived of all kingly authority, and reigned as king of Italy iii years. ADelstane, after the death of Edward his father, began his reign in England. He was a prince of worthy memory, valiant and wise in all his acts, Anni regum Angli 1 and brought this land to one Monarchy. The year of the world 4886 The year of Christ 925 For he expelled utterly the Danes, subdued the Scots, and quieted the Welsshemen. Flaunders by treason murdered Beringarius of Italy. For which cause the iii day after, he was slain of a soldier of Beringarius, named Milo. Anni regum Angli 2 simeon, king of Burgares, with divers invasaons, The year of the world 4886 The year of Christ 926 vexed sore the Grecians: whose fury to appear Romanus the emperor gave the daughter of his son Christofer in marriage to Peter, the son of simeon, and by the alliance was with him at peace. Salarde, Duke of the Hungares, broke into Italy, and destroyed with fire the city Pau●e. Burcharde, Duke of Swa●e, which came to aid Raulffe king of italy, was slain at Milan. For which cause Raulffe left italy, and returned into France. After whom Hugo, Duke of Dorleance, was proclaimed king of italy. Constantine, king of Scots, rebelled and disquieted with often invasions, the costs of England: and being overcomen, and made subject to Abelstane, swore to be his league man. Which thing divers kings of scotland after him, in like manner performed. But of this homage doing, the scottish chronicle maketh no mention. Algina, wife of Charles the simple, hearing of the murder of her husband, and mistrusting the frenchmen, fled secretly with her son Lewis into England, to her brother Adelstane. Raulffe, Duke of Burgoyne, after the departing of Algina and her son, Anni regum Angli 3 by agreement of the lords of France, The year of the world 4888 The year of Christ 927 was ordained king, and reigned after some writers xii years: but more verily ii years. Uuido, Marqueo of Tuschia, imprisoned john bishop of Rome, Anni regum Angli 4 and commanded him to be beheaded. The year of the world 4889 The year of Christ Henrye emperor of germany subdued the Sclau●●es and took the city Brenneburgh. He made tributary to him, the people of Dalmacye, and vanquished the Bohemes. Ethylstane, or Athelstane, king of England, after the death of Sytheryus, king of the Danes in Northumberlande, ceased that province into his own hands, and put out of possession his son, which fled to Constantyne king of Scots. The year of Christ 929 Lewis▪ the son of Charles the simple, Anni regum Angli 5 after the death of Raulffe, The year of the world 4890 was desired of the nobles, to return out of England with his mother Elgina, and took possession of the kingdom of France, wherein he reigned .27. years Ethylstane of England gave his daughter Edyth to Otho, son of henry, which Otho was afterward emperor. Leo, the vi bishop of Rome vii months. And after him Stephene the second ii years. The year of Christ 931 The people, called Redarii, rebelled, and refused the dominion of Henrye the emperor, The year of the world 4892 whom bernard, Anni regum Angli 7 and Thiatmarus his captains, subdued, and slew, and took prisoners to the numbered of .220. thousand. In France fell so great a dearth and scarcity, that a quarter of wheat was worth twenty pounds of that money, which is in value after sterling money .50. shillings. The year of Christ 932 arnold, Duke of Bavayer, led an army into italy against Hugh the king, The year of the world 4893 Anni regum Angli 8 where he was received of the city Uerona, and ioygning in battle with Hugh, was chased, and with great loss of his men returned into his country. At the city of Gean flowed a well of blood. john the. ●i. was bishop of Rome .v. years. William, the ii Duke of Normandye, son of Rollo, was slain by treason of Arnolde Earl of Flaunders. He left after him a son, that was to young to rule that Duchy: which thing caused great troubled between the Normains and Lewis king of France, who endevoyred to bring that country again to his dominion, and took of him the tuition of the young Duke, named richard. R●imirus the iii being but a child obtained the kingdom of Spain, and reigned .25. years. The year of the world 4895 The year of Christ 934 The Hungares exacted tribute of the saxons, Anni regum Angli 10 and with a puissant army invaded the Turinges, whom Henry the emperor overthrew. The Saracens landed on the sea cost of Galyce, and were driven back by the Earl of Gundesalue, at Santium. Anni regum Angli 11 The Saracens of Africa, The year of the world 4896 The year of Christ 935 with a mighty company entered italy, and spoiling the sea costs of Hetrucia, took G●ane: and most cruelly entreated man, woman, & child, sparing no kind, condition, or age. another company pierced the country of Germany, even to Aquisgrane: where encountering with the inhabitants, Sagitus their captain was slain. Henrye, emperor of Almaigne, overcame the Danes, that warred on the Fresones, and made them tributary. He caused also Nuba their king to receive baptism. Inger, king of the Northmains, which be called Russi, Anni regum Angli 12 came to Constantinople with a navy of .1000. ships: The year of the world 4897 The year of Christ 936 where Romanus the emperor met with them, with a small numbered of galleys, and casting fire into their ships destroyed their navy, and took of them many prisoners. Leo the vii was bishop of Rome iii years. The son of Sithericus the Dane, that fled into Scotland, being allied▪ with Constantine the king, and by him aided, returned into England, and warred upon Ethilstane: of whom they were vanquished & slain, with many of their soldiers. Ethylstane subdued also the britains, that dwelled at Herforde, and made them tributary. Anni regum Angli 14 The Hungares wasted with fire, The year of the world 4899 the countries of Germany, France, and Italy. The year of Christ 938 Otho the son of Henry was ordained emperor after his father's disease, and reigned nobly .36. years. This man was excellent, as well in the gifts of nature as of wit and fortune: whose fierce and valiant courage was so tempered with gentleness, that he is worthily numbered among the most noble princes. For he did not only profit his realm, in subduing foreign enemies, but also in appeasinge the malicious fury of certain rebellious traitors: among the which were Euerharde, earl Palatine, and Gisibert duke of Lorraine, which set up against him Henrye his elder brother: with whom he fought divers battles, and lastly finished his war, that had continued vi years. The saxons put the Hungares to great damage and loss of men, by mean whereof they were in more quiet a good space after. FDmunde the brother of Ethilstane, took on him the governance of this realm of England: The year of the world 4910 The year of Christ 940 Anni regum Angli 1 whose short reign, took from him the renown of most high praises, that should have redounded to his posterity: for he was a man disposed of nature to nobleness and justice The Danes remaining in Northumberlande, with other that came out of Ireland, and the aid of strange nations, invaded this realm of England: and by Edmund were driven back and slain. Beringarius the iii which before had entered italy against king Hugh, perceiving the great preparation that Hug he made to withstand him, fled to Harmanne Duke of Swave. Hugh king of Italy, besieged Fraxinetum: and by the help of Romanus the emperor, The year of the world 4902 The year of Christ 941 Anni regum Angli 2 burned and destroyed the navy of the Saracens. Otho emperor of almaine, began his war against Boizlaus of Boheme, which traitorously murdered his natural brother Uinceslavo, a man of great religion and justice: which war continued to the xu year of Otho, Lewis, king of France, invaded Lorraine. and by Eberharde, and Giselbert his captains, took the cite Brisacum. Stephene the viii bishop of Rome iii years. At Andermake, by the soldiers of Ottho, The year of the world 4903 Anni regum Angli 3 Eberharde the treitour was slain, The year of Christ 942 and Giselbert in the flight was drowned in the river of Rhine. Whereof when Lewis had witting, he fled into France and Ottho recovered Brisacum. The year of Christ 934 Lewis king of France warred upon the nobles of Normandy, The year of the world 4904 for the recovery of Richard the young Duke, Anni regum Angli 4 which was privily conveyed from his court, to the earl barnard. The Normains being overset, submitted them to the king, and restored the child. Martin the second, was bishop of Rome iii years. Anni regum Angli 5 Alberike king of Rome. The year of the world 4905 The year of Christ 944 Aboaram, king of the Saracens in Spain, was vanequished in battle, of Rada●yre the most Christian king of Galyce. Malcolme the son of Constantine rained in Scotland xu years, and at the last was slain by conspiracy of certain traitors. Stephene and constantine the sons of Romanus emperor of Constantinople, deprived their father of all imperial authority, and sent him in exile. And whiles they attempted to work the same treason toward Constantine, Anni regum Angli 6 The year of the world 4906 the son of Leo, The year of Christ 945 they were both taken and cast into a monastery, as into a perpetual bondage: after which time Constantine reigned in the east xvi years. A blazing star appeared in Italy Edmund, king of England, ended his life, after whom succeeded his brother Eldred. Anni regum Angli 1 The year of the world 4907 The year of Christ 946 For edwin and Edgare his sons, were thought to young to take on them so great a charge. This Eldrede had the earnest favour of his commons, because he was a great maynteinour of all honesty, and most infest enemy to naughty and unruly persons. For his expertness in feats of arms, he was much commended whereby he quieted and kept in dew obeisance the Northumber's and Scortes and exiled the Danes. Agapitus the second bishop of Rome ix years. Henry the brother of Otho the emperor, being besieged at Mersburge, submitted himself to his brother·s of whom he was pardoned: and after the death of Berthold duke of Bayon, was advanced to the said Duchy. Henry duke ofBayon or bavary, The year of the world 4908 The year of Christ 947 look the city Aquileia & at justinoples' chased and slew the Hungares. Anni regum Angli 2 Beringarius, which aforetime fled into Swave, returned with an army into italy: at which time the italians forsook their king Hugh, and by communication concluded that Lothayre the son of Hugh should be named king with Beringarius. But the chief authority remained with Beringarius: which ruled with great avarice and tyranny. Taxis; king of the Hungares, entered Italy, pretending great cruelty: The year of the world 4909 The year of Christ 948 Anni regum Angli 3 but by the prayers and rich gifts of Beringarius, he returned into his country, without doing any further harm. harold, king of Denmark being expelled his kingdom by his son Swenon, The year of the world 4910 The year of Christ 1949 Anni regum Angli 4 was excited of his kinsmen the Normains, to set upon the country of France: and so took Lewis the king prisoner, whom, afterward, he restored to the frenchmen, and set richard in possession of his father's Duch●e of Normandy, which was now of age to take charge thereof, and married the daughter of Hugh Legraunte, Earl of Paris: which marriage was cause of more trouble between the Normains and king Lewis: whom Otho also the Emperor aided in his wars But yet notwithstanding the Normains had always the upper hand. Otho led an army against Boizlai king of Bohome, Anni regum Angli 5 and him besieged in New city: The year of the world 4911 The year of Christ 950 where Boizlai, not able to sustain the power of Otho, yielded: and being reconciled to the emperor, continued his true subject. The year of Christ Otho, after the death of his first wife, Anni regum Angli 6 at Pavia in Italy took in marriage a noble woman, The year of the world 4912 called Adhelhayde, late wife of Lothayre the son of Hugh, and king of Italy: which woman was suppressed with shameful injuries by Beringarius who with all tyranny grieved the Lombard's and other Italians. Beringarius, fearing the might and puissance of Otho, submitted him, with all his power, & became his subject. Lyndolphus, the son of Otho, Anni regum Angli 7 finding himself grieved with the foresaid marriages, The year of the world 4913 The year of Christ 952 gathered to him a great power against his father, so that each of them grieved other with cruel war, until at length Lyndolphus was reconciled to his father, notwithstanding he had at divers meetings, showed himself very disobedient and stubborn. The Hungares wasted the countrei of France and Uormana, The year of the world 4915 The year of Christ 954 with sword and fire. Anni regum Angli 9 EDwine succeeded his uncle Eldrede in the kingdom of England: of whom is left no honest memory, for one heinous act by him committed in the beginning of his reign. Anni regum Angli 1 The year of the world 4916 The year of Christ 955 In the self day of his coronation he suddenly withdrew himself from his lords, and in the sight of certain persons, ravished his own kinswoman, the wife of a noble man of his realm, and afterward slew her husband, that he might have the unlawful use of her beauty, for which act, and banisshing of Dunstone, he became audible to his subjects, and of the Northumber's and people of middle England, that rose against him, was deprived of his regallie, when he had reigned, iiii. years. Otho Emperor of Almaigne, near to the river called Lech, with great power and manhood, put to flight the Hungares. And shortly after vanquished the Sclaumes. Anni regum Angli 2 Lothayre, the son of Lewis, begotten on Goberga the emperors sister, The year of the world 4917 The year of Christ succeeded his father in the kingdom of France. & reigned .30. years. This Lothayre had much trouble with the normans a long season, because he endeavoured by false & unfaithful means, to betray Duke Richard. But he, by the help of the Danes, in such wise compassed his mattiers, and so much endamaged the land of France, that Lothayre was glad to be reconciled, and make recompense for all injuries by him done to the said richard. john the xii was bishop of Rome ix years. Anni regum Angli 3 Ueremunde was proclaimed king of Spain, and reigned vii years. he by the help of Ferdinand, The year of the world 4918 The year of Christ 957 Earl of Castille, warred against Almanzor king of Saracens, and at the first encounter obtained of him the victorre. But after, the Sarasen repairing his army, chased Ueremunde, scattered his host, and destroyed the church of Compostella. In the third battle Ueremunde vanquished the Saracens, and put them to great damage and loss of men. Anni regum Angli 4 At this time appeared the figure of crosses in the garments of divers men. The year of the world 4919 The year of Christ 558 EDgare, brother of Edwine, begun his reign in England. He was a prince of worthy memory for his manifold virtues greatly renowned, so excellent in justice and sharp correction of vices, The year of the world 959 The year of Christ 4920 Anni regum Angli 1 as well in his magistrates as other subjects, that never before his days was used less felony by robbers, or extortion or bribery by false officers. He chastised also the great negligence, covetousness, & vicious living of the clergy, and brought them to a better order. Of stature he was little, but of mind valiant and hardy, and very expert in martial policy. He prepared a great navy of ships, which he disposed in iii parts of his Realm, and had soldiers alway pressed and ready against the incursions of foreign and strange enemies. Ludwallus prince of Wales, paid to him yearly, in way of tribute .300. woulffes. By mean whereof, within four year in England and Wales might scantly befounde one woulffe. This edgar in his flourisshing youth, was somedeal given to the lust of the flesh, which he afterward grievously repent. Indulph reigned in scotland ix years. He kept peace with the englishmen andvanqushysed the Danes that invaded his realm. The year of Christ 4922 Nicephorus emperor of Constantinople. Anni regum Angli 3 The year of the world 961 Otho, the younger, was ordained and anoyncted king of Wormacia. A noble man, called En●cus, earl of Bigorre, delivered the province of Spain, called Navarre, from the dominion of the Saracens, and was theriore named the first king of Navarre. After whom reigned his son ●arsias, which fought also prosperously against the Saracens, and augmented his kingdom. Otho▪ emperor of Almain, Anni regum Angli 4 sped him toward Italy, The year of the world 962 The year of Christ 4923 to quiet the fury of Beringarius, and john, which in a sedition was made bishop of Rome, and when he came into the city, was of all the people saluted by the name of Augustus, and by the whole consent of the Italians proclaimed emperor. The year of the world 963 The year of Christ 4924 The emperor deprived Beringarins, Anni regum Angli 5 and Adelbert his son, of the kingdom of lombardy, and condemned them to banishment, the tone to ostrich, the t'other to Constantinople. Otho advertised john the bishop of Rome to reform his naughty life, and forsake the concubines, which he nourished openly, but all was in vain. Wherefore Otho called a counsel: by authority whereof john was condemned, and fearing his punishment fled into desert, and one Leo was chosen bishop. The Romans being the kinsmen of john, deposed Leo, Anni regum Angli 6 and set john again in the bishopric. The year of the world 4925 The year of Christ 954 Which with in short space was taken in adultery, and slain, After that the people, contrary to the mind of Otho, chose Bennet But he forced them to admit Leo, and depose the foresaid Bennet. At which time the election of the bishop was transferred from the people and ●largys of Rome to the emperors. Bennet the .v. was bishop of Rome vi months and after him Leo the eight one year. Alphons the .v. king of Spain reigned 37. ye ears he proffered his sister in marriage to a prince of the Saracens, to the intent he should aid him against the king of Cor●uba. But the maiden would in no wise be coupled with the Heathen pagan. john the xii bishop of Rome vii years. He was taken and cast in prison. Anni regum Angli 8 The year of the world 4927 The year of Christ 966 by joferde Earl of Campaign through the counsel of Peter provost of the city. King Duffus reigned among the S●cottes four years and was slain by the treason of a noble man called Danewalde. After his death appeared no son moon nor star in the firmament the space of vi months. Anni regum Angli 10 Otho the younger, was sent for to Rome by his father and there crowned & proclaimed partaker of the empire. The year of the world 4929 The year of Christ 968 Anni regum Angli 11 Otho expelled the Saracens out of italy, which of long time had holden by force the mount Gargarus from whence (as out of a castle) they oftentimes invaded Italy. The year of the world 4930 The year of Christ 969 He subdued also the Grecians, which inhabited Calabre, and made them tributary. The people of Constantinople, hearing the overthrow and discomfiture of their Greeks in italy, laid all the wight of that damage to Nicephornus their emperor, because he denied to give his daughter in marriage to the younger Otho. Wherefore by the consent and aid of his wife and son, The year of the world 4933 The year of Christ 972 he was murdered in the night season, Anni regum Angli 14 and john his son chosen in his place to be emperor, which reigned vi years. A sign appeared in the element like fire. john emperor of Constantinople, gave his sister in mariageto the younger brother Otho. Cu●ine a vicious and wicked tyrant reigned among the Scots. He deflowered his own sisters and ravished other men's wives and daughters, wherefore he was slain the .v. year of his reign. Bennet, the. v●. bishop of Rome, was cast in prison by Cynthius a citisin, The year of the world 4934 The year of Christ 973 that was at that time of great power in Rome. Anni regum Angli 15 Edgare king of England, tamed the Welshemen, which re●elled and spoiled the country of Glamorgan. Otho the emperor gave place to nature, after whom succeeded his son named also Otho, who reigned ten years. The year of the world 4936 EDwarde, the son of Edgare by his first wife, Anni regum Angli 1 began his reign over this realm of England, The year of Christ 975 contrary the mind and pleasure of Elfride his stepmother and other of her alliance. In all kinds of honest virtue this man might be well compared to his father, and began his soveraigntee, with such modesty & mildness, that he was worthily favoured of all men, except only Elfride, which ever maligned against him, for so much as the desire● to have the governance of the realm for her own son egelred All the time of this Edward was great discord between the priests and monks of England. Because Edgare in his time, had expelled certain secular priests out of their colleges, and given the possession thereof to monks. In which controversy (through certain counterfayte● miracles) the monks had the upper hand. The year of the world 4937 Otho the emperor subdued Henry duke of bavary. The year of Christ 976 john emperor of Constantinople, Anni regum Angli 2 after he had expelled the Ro●olanes out of Bulgarye, and annexed that province to his own signory, and for his victory triumphed was by treason of certain of his sabiectes poysoned· B●silius and Constantine the ii sons of Romanus were made emperors of the east, Anni regum Angli 3 which invaded and spoiled the country of Surie, The year of the world 4938 The year of Christ 977 and expelling the Saracens recovered the isle of Crete. Kenneth reigned in scotland xxv, years. In his time he D●nes 〈◊〉 in angus with a great company, and wasted the country very sore, with whom the Scots met, and after sore fight and great slaughter (by the manhood of one Hay▪ an v●landishe man, and his ii sons) obtained the victory. This Kenneth was slain by mean of a lady called Fenella, because she had poisoned Malcolme, prince of Cumber. The emperor of Germany vanquished the Bohemes and wasted their country. Edward king of England, while he was hunting in new forest (by chance) lost his company, and road alone to refresh him at the castle of his stepmother alphred: where he was by her counsel traitorously murdered, as he sat on his horse. After his death god showed for him divers miracles. Wherefore he is numbered among the saints and martyrs. Before the death of this Edward appeared in this land a blazing star of a marvelous greatness▪ egelred or Etheldrede the son of king Edgare and alfred, Anni regum Angli 1 was ordained king of England. The year of the world 4939 The year of Christ 978 He was goodly of shape and visage, but wholly given to idleness and abhorred all princely exercises: a lover of riot, lechery, and drunkenness▪ and used extreme cruelty toward his subjects, having his ears open to all unjust complaints. In feats of arms, of all men most ignorant. His cruelty made him odious to his subjects, and his cowardice encouraged strange enemies, to invade his kingdom. By means whereof, this land was sore afflicted with war, famine and pestilence. In his time decayed the noble kingdom of England, and became tributary to the Danes. Lothayre king of France invaded Lorraine, and spoiled the country near to Aquisgrane. At which time Otho the emperor was so suddenly by him distressed, that hardly he escaped the danger: who shortly after assembled a strong army, and recovered the province of Lorraine. Wherefore Lothayre returned to Paris▪ whom Otho pursued, entered the land of France, and burnt and destroyed the country about Paris. But in his return (as he passed the river Axona) he was greatly endamaged▪ both by the violence of the water, and also by the frenchmen which set upon his rear●warde, and slew ma●● of his soldiers. The emperors of Greece coming with an army into italy, The year of the world 4940 The year of Christ 979 destroyed Math●ra, conquered the city ●arum, Anni regum Angli 2 and slew the citizyns thereof. After which time the country of P●●l and Calabre, by agreement was restored again to them. The year of the world 4941 The year of Christ 908 Otho the emperor going toward Italy, Anni regum Angli in his journey invaded Sclauonie and Dalmacie, and with great pray and riches came to Rome. The Danes arrived in sundry places of England, as in the isle of Thenet, in Cornwall and Suffer: 〈◊〉 after many damages by them done, and rich gifts received of the king, they returned into their own country. Otho the emperor, entending to subdue the country of Puel and Calabre to the Roman empire, The year of the world 4942 The year of Christ 981 Anni regum Angli 4 led an army against the emperors of Greece. At which time his host was discomfyted▪ and he himself taken (as he fled in a little fisher boat) of certain Pirates, and carried into Sicily. From whence, when he was after delivered: he turned all his wrath upon the people of Bonevente, which in the foresaid battle traitorously forsook him, and were chief cause of that discomfiture: whose city he took, spoiled and destroyed. Otho, the iii of that name, Anni regum Angli 7 after the death of his father by the consent of the nobles of germany, The year of the world 4945 The year of Christ 984 was admitted emperor, being but a child, and reigned xiiii, years, notwithstanding the malice of Henry duke of bavarie, and other, which a certain space repined. john, the xu and his successor john the xvi bishop of Rome, for their cruelty and wickedness, were sla●ne of the Romans. The year of the world The year of Christ 985 Crescentius, Anni regum Angli 8 under the name of consul took on him the governance of the city of Rome. Lewis, the vi and last king of the pregeant of Pipine, was made king of France, and reigned (as some write) three years: ●ut more verily one year. The year of the world 4948 The year of Christ 987 Anni regum Angli 10 Hugh, the son of Robert, The year of the world 4949 The year of Christ 988 who descended of Hugh Legraunt Earl of Paris, Anni regum Angli 11 usurped the crown of France. Charles, Duke of Lorraine, the son of Lothayre, The year of the world 4950 The year of Christ 989 and uncle to Lewis the last king, Anni regum Angli 12 as most rightful heir, made claim to the crown of France. But at the city Laone, by the treason of the bishop Auseline: he, with his wife, was given into the hands of their enemies, which sent him to orleans, there safely to be kept. The Danes pierced this land in so many places, that the king etheldred was to seek, Anni regum Angli 13 The year of the world 4951 The year of Christ 990 to which cost he should first go to withstand his enemies. In conclusion, for avoiding of further danger, he was campelled to appease them with great sums of money. But when the money was spent, they felt to new robbyngs: and than the king gave to them more money, but they ceased not to sporle the land, and lastly besieged London. Elfri●●s▪ admiral of England, tra●●rouslye fled to the Danes: and after being reconciled, fled to them the second time. Wh●le this persecution continued in England, by mean of a bishop, named El●h●gus, a peace was concluded: at which time (as Polidore 〈◊〉) the king made his land tributary to the Danes, the payment whereof, from the sum of ten thousand pounds, in few years was raised to .50. thousand. The blo●●dye flux, the burning fever, with divers other maledies 〈◊〉 the people throughout all England. Anni regum Angli 16 Otho, the emperor coming to Rome, was received of Crescentius, and the other Romans, The year of the world 4954 The year of Christ 993 with great obeisance. Anni regum Angli 18 Otho ordained Gregory the .v. bishop of Rome, The year of the world 4956 The year of Christ which was a Saxone borne. UUhan Otho was yet scarcely departed out of italy, Crescentius, and the Romans, finding themself grieved with the election of Gregory, expelled him out of the city, and chose in his place john the xvii a Grecian, and a man exceeding rich. Crescentius, foreseeing trouble and war to be at hand, repaired and fortified the walls and gates of the city. The year of Christ 996 The emperor re●●urned again into Italy, and besieged the city of Rome. The year of the world 4957 Crescentius, and the new bishop, Anni regum Angli fled for their safeguard into the mount Adrian. From whence they were by strength taken, and Crescentius put to death, and john the bishop bereft of his sight. Gregory was again aucthorysed bishop: who by the consent and counsel of Otho, ordained the princes of Germayne, electors of the emperor: which order and manner is kept to this day. Richard, the second of that name, was ordained Duke of Normandy: who for his manliness & policy in war, was greatly praised. ●●●eldrede, king of England, took to wife Emma, she sister of richard Duke of Normandye: The year of the world 4959 The year of Christ 998 Anni regum Angli 21 which for her beauty was called the flower of Normandy. Roberte, the son of Hugh Capet, Anni regum Angli 22 began his reign over the land of France. This was a virtuous man and cunning in many sciences, The year of the world 4960 The year of Christ 999 much given to study, and favoured well good letters. He made divers sycones sequences and respondes, and builded many churches and castles. In the beginning of his reign, by the aid of richard Duke of Normandye, he rumoured earl Bowcharde to his castle of M●●ion. The year of Christ 1000 Stephene was made the first king of Hungary, Anni regum Angli and reigned. ●9. years. The year of the world 4961 Alphons, king of Spain, besiegeing the city Uese●m, was wounded with an arrow, and thereof died: after whom was chosen U●remunde, that reigned ten years Ege●rede▪ king of England, being greatly enhanced in his own mind, for the marriage of the Duke's sister of Normandye, sent sorthe into all parts of his realm secret and streicte commissions, charging the rulers, that upon a certain day and ho●re assigned, the Danes (which proudly used great cruelty in the land) should be suddenly slain. And so was it done. Which thing was after, cause of great misery. Constantine reigned among the Scots iii years, by mean of him and Malcolme the stonne of Kenneth, the realm of scotland was miserably tormented with ci●ste war. Henry, Duke of Burgoyne, ended his life: The year of the world The year of Christ who for so much as he died without issue, Anni regum Angli 25 by his will ordained Robert, king of France, to be his heir. But the Burgoynes refusing to be under his dominion, rebelled, and were by him vanquished and brought in due obeisance. Sueno, or Suayne, king of Denmark, hearing of the murder of the Danes in England, and being sore moved therewith, landed with a strong army in divers parts of this realm, & so cruelly, without mercy and pity, spoiled the country and slew the people▪ that the englishmen were brought to most extreme and unspeakable misery: but yet after a certain space, a peace was entreated: for which the englishmen paid .30000. pounds: howbeit, divers princes of the Danes still continued, wasting the land in divers places. Grime reigned in scotland ix years, against him Malcolme made fierce war for the crown, which was appeased by the counsel of a bishop called Fothadus. Henrye, Duke of Bavary, The year of the world by the consent of the prince's electors of germany, Anni regum Angli 26 was ordained emperor: The year of the world 4964 who was famous, as well for his godly wisdom, as for his martial prows and many notable victories, that he knyghtlye achieved of his enemies. At his first entre he subdued certain rebels, as the Bohemes, the Uandales, and quieted Lorraine and Flaunders. Anni regum Angli 28 Godfrey succeeded Otho in the Dukedom of Lorraine. The year of the world 4966 The year of Christ 1005 Anni regum Angli 29 A great famine and pestilence afflicted almost the whole world. The year of the world 4967 The year of Christ 1006 The Saracens, The year of the world 4968 dividing their hosts in two sundry parts, Anni regum Angli landed in italy, took Capua, The year of Christ 1007 and besieged Barum. Against whom Urceolus, Duke of Venice, and Gregory, a captain of Constantinople, ioygninge together their puissance, went in all haste, and obtained of them a noble victory. The Turks took the city of Jerusalem. The year of the world 4970 Anni regum Angli The citizens of Adria vexed the borders of Venice, The year of Christ with robbing and pilling the country: whom Uiscolus, with so great murder vanquished, that never after they attempted to invade thyr neighbours. The Scots not susteigning the tyranny of their king Grime, rose up against him, whereof ensued much trouble in Scoctlande. Malcolme vanquished and slew Grime, took on him the kingdom, and reigned xxxi years, to him the lords of scotland granted first the wards and marriage of their heirs. Henry the emperor first founded the byshopric of Babenberge in Germayne. The year of the world 4972 The year of Christ 1011 Anni regum Angli 34 Ferdinand, the son of Sanctius, earl of Cast●le, was made king of Spain. He married the daughter of Alphons king of Legio, and sister of Ueremunde: whereby he was king of ●egio in the right of his wife. Sueno, or Suaine, king of Denmark, Anni regum Angli 35 repent him of the former covenants made with the Englissheme●● and thinking to attain the whole dominion of this land, The year of the world The year of Christ 1012 with a strong army entered first Northumberland, than middle England or Mertia, and so went forth till he came to the city of London: which he besieged, and destroyed the country of Kente. At this time egelred the king, despeiring of all recovery (not ones proffering to resist his enemies) with his wife and children, fled to Richard Duke of Normandy. And than possessed ●ueno the whole kingdom of this realm. About this time Olaws and Onetus ii captains of the Danes, invaded scotland, vanquished king Malcolme, and subdued murray: but not long after Malcolme repatred his army, discomfited the Danes, & slew Onetus. Henry, the emperor of Germany, yode toward Rome: where he was annoyncted emperor 〈◊〉 the bishop, The year of the world 4974 The year of Christ 1013 Anni regum Angli 36 and then taking with him the imperial Diadem, marched with his army toward C●pua. He vanquished the Saracens, and forced them to forsake italy. he pursued also with great wrath Bubaganus, a capytain of the emperors of Constantinople, which favoured the Saracens. He wan the city Tro●●, which the Grecians had builded, where sometime Annibal pitched his camp. Camus another captain of the Danes invaded scotland, and near to far was discomfited and slain, the place at this day is called Camustand. Canutus by commandment of Sueno, broke again into Scotland, The year of the world 4975 The year of Christ 1014 with whom the Scots fought a terrible battle, Anni regum Angli 37 to the great damage of both patees, after which battale a peace was agreed. S●a●e the Dane, after much scathe done to the realm of England, ended his life. And then succeeded Canutus his son: but the Englishmen sent again for Etheldred out of Normandy: who by the help of the Normaynes, and present assistance of his commons expelled Canutus Canutus returned again into England, where he spared nothing, Anni regum Angli 39 The year of the world 4977 The year of Christ 1016 that might be destroyed with sword and fire. In this time king Etheldrede ended his life, when he had reigned .38. years. After whose death variance fell between the Englishmen, for the election of their king, for the citisyns of London, with certain other, named Edmund the son of etheldred▪ a young man of lusty and valiant courage, in martial adventures both hardy and wise, and could very well endure all prines. Wherefore he was surnamed Ironside. But the more part favoured Canutus the Dane. By means whereof between this two martial princes were fought many great battles, in the which either part sped diversly, to the great slaughter of them that took their parts. But lastly it was agreed, that the two captains should try their quarrel between themself▪ only. In w●●c●e 〈◊〉 although Edmund seemed to have the upper hand, yet he condescended to divide the realm, and make Canutus fellow with him in the kingdom, which agreement was at last concluded. IN this time was an english earl, called ●dr●cus, which by his falsehood had brought such hurt to his natural country, Anni regum Angli 1 The year of the world 4978 The year of Christ 1017 and lastly was author of the death of the noble king Edmund. And thereof himself brought first knowledge unto Canutus the Dane-saying in this wise. Thus have I ●o●e Canutus for the love I b●are toward you. To whom he answered: seeing for my love thou haste murdered thine own sovereign lord whom I loved most entyrelye: I shall in reward thereof exalt thy head above all the lords of England. And forthwith commanded him to be beheaded, and his head to be set upon a spear on the highest gate of London. The year of the world The year of Christ 1018 VUhan Canutus was established in the kingdom, Anni regum Angli 1 he had knowledge how Olaws king of Norway in his absence invaded the countrei of Denmark. Wherefore in all haste he sped him thitherward, and by the manhood of the english soldiers obtained of them a noble victory, and recovered Norway to his sygnorye. Wherefore when he returned into England, he demeaned him toward all men as a sage, gentle and moderate prince, and so continued .20. years. The year of Christ 1025 Chunrade was chosen emperor of Rome, Anni regum Angli and reigned xxv. years, The year of the world 4989 he caused his son Henry to be made Cesar at Aquisgrane. The year of Christ 1026 Canutus called a parliament at Oxenford, Anni regum Angli 9 where it was decreed that englishmen and Danes should hold the laws of edgar late king. The year of the world 4987 The year of Christ 1027 Constantine after the death of his brother, Anni regum Angli 10 governed the empire of Constantinople iii years. The year of the world 4988 Robert was ordained Duke of Normandy, which was the father of William conqueror. Chunrade, after he had quieted the Sweves, yode to Rome & there was crowned with the imperial diadem. Henry the son of Robert, was named king of France to whom his mother Constance was so unkind, The year of the world The year of Christ 1029 Anni regum Angli 12 that she would have preferred her younger son. Wherefore Henry was forced for succour, to resort to Roberte Duke of Normandy: of whom he was gently received, and by his help restored to his kingdom, and reconciled to his mother. Romanus emperor of Constantinople reigned .v. years and vi months. The year of the world The year of Christ 1030 Anni regum Angli 13 C●u●rade emperor of Rome, went with an army against the Hungares, and them subdued. A noble man of Spain called Roderike expelling the Saracens took the famous city Valentia. The year of the world The year of Christ Canutus yode in pilgrimage to Rome. Anni regum Angli 15 The year of the world The year of Christ 1033 The Bargonious submitted them to the obedience of Anni regum Angli 16 Chunrade the emperor, by which means Burgoyne was divided in two parts: the tone bu●●●ng upon Campaign, was subject to the French king, the t'other, next to Bizance obeyed to the emperor. Henrye king of France, warred upon the Earls of Campaign and Flaunders, and won from them divers castles and towns. Canutus entered scotland, with a strong power, and them subdued which at this time refused his empire, Anni regum Angli 17 The year of the world 4995 The year of Christ 1034 Michael, surnamed Paphlagon, when he had murdered Romanus, Anni regum Angli 18 married his wife Zoen, The year of the world 4996 The year of Christ 1035 and usurped the imperial crown of Constantinople vii years. and viii months. Anni regum Angli 19 Henrye cesar, the son of the emperor Chunrade, The year of the world 4997 took to wife the daughter of Canutus king of England. The year of Christ 1036 Anni regum Angli 20 The Normains, The year of the world 4998 which a season had held by force the country of P●el in italy, near to the river Aufidius, The year of Christ 1037 fought a strong battle with the Greeks for the possession of the same, in which fight the Grecians were chased and slain. W●llyam, the son of Robert, after his father departure toward Jerusalem, was proclaimed Duke of Normandy, being yet very young. Canutus king of England, died: who for his virtue and honest life, was worthy to live perpetually. He was a man of great magnificence, and used such justice and temperance. that in his days was no prince of such renown: and notwithstanding that he was so puissant a prince, yet toward god he showed himself humile and low, as by an notable history appeareth which is written of Polidore, in the end of his▪ seven. book, of the english history. Anni regum Angli 1 harold, the son of Canutus by his wife Elgina, The year of the world 4999 The year of Christ 1038 for his swiftness surnamed harefoot, began his reign over this realm of England. In the beginning he showed some token of cruelty in that he banished his stepmother Emma, and took from her such jewels and treasure as she had. The Danes of Denmark chose to their king Canutus the younger, otherwise called Hardikinitus, the son of the elder Canutus by Emma. The Norway's ordained king a noble man called Magnus. and thus suddenly was the noble principate of the Danes severed in iii parts. The year of the world The year of Christ 1309 Peter, the second king of Hungary ii, years. Anni regum Angli 2 The year of the world 5002 The year of Christ 1040 Henry, the third of that name, a man of noble courage, Anni regum Angli 3 was chosen emperor of Rome, and reigned xviii years. At his first entering he warred upon Ulderike, king of Boheme. But he having aid of the Hungares, put him to the worse. Dulcane was king of Scots. Maked●walde and certain other unruly persons rebelled, In this time (as sayeth the scottish history) Sueno king of Norway invaded scotland. Which thing by conference of hystopries should seem to be somewhat before this time. Dulcane when he had reigned vii years, was slain by his brother germane Makbeth. The year of the world The year of Christ 1041 HArdikinutus, Anni regum Angli 1 king of Denmark after the death of Harolde, was ordained king of England. He for the injury done to his mother Emma, caused the corpse of Harolde to be taken out of the sepulchre, and smiting of his head, cast it into the river of Thames. He burdened his subjects with exactions and tribute, and in meat and drink was so prodigal, that his tables were spread four time in the day, and the people served with great excess. When he had reigned iii years, he died suddenly, nai without suspection of poisoning. The year of the world 5003 The year of Christ 1042 In this year was an earl in England, called Godwine a man of great power, and ruled much this land: Anni regum Angli which unjustly slew alfred, the son of etheldred, and brother of Edward, and used extreme cruelty toward the normans, which accompanied the said alfred, when he came out of Normandye, 〈◊〉 visit his mother Emma. The emperor Henry overcame the Bohemes, & made them tributary. Peter king of Hungary, for his lechery and cruelty was deprived of his royal authority of Aba, and fled for aid to Henry emperor of Germany. Humfrei the Norman, and brother of Drogon, succeeded in the earldom of Pu●l. Hardikinitus ended his life: after whose death, the Danes were beaten, slain and driven out of this land into their own country .28. years, after Sueno began first to reign. EDwarde, the son of Egeldrede or etheldred, The year of the world 5004 The year of Christ by the advise of Godwine and Leofricus Earl of Chester, after the death of Hardikinitus, was sent for out of Normandy, Anni regum Angli 1 to take on him the governance of this realm of England: which he guided with much wisdom and justice .24. years. From whom issued (as out of a fountain) very godliness, mercy, pites, and liberality toward the poor, gentleness and justice toward all men. And in all honest life gave most goodly example to his people. He discharged the englishmen of the great tribute called the Dane geld, which was often before time levied to the impoverishing of the people. He subdued also the Welshemen, which rebelled & made war upon their borderers. Peter, king of hungary, was again restored to his kingdom, and Aba or Alboyne, by the help of the emperor Henry, expelled. Magnus, king of Norway, hearing of the death of Hardikinitus, with a great puissance invaded Denmark: and expelling Sueno the lieutenant, subdued the country to his signory. By which mean Denmark became subject to the Northgaynes. Michael Calaphates, which was adopted by Zoe, with great unkindness sent her in banisshement. Wherefore he was bereft of his sight, and put from the empire. After whom Constantine Monomathus was made emperor of Constantinople, and married Zoe the empress. He reigned xii years. Anni regum Angli 2 The Romans depryned Bennet the ix of his bishopric, and ordained in his place Silvester the three Bennet▪ The year of the world 5005 The year of Christ within short space after being restored to his fee, fearing to be again deprived, sold his room to one john an archdeacon, who was called Gregory the vi Makbeth reigned among the Scots xvi, years. which at the beginning did many things to the profit of the realm: but after he became a cruel tyrant, and was vanquished and slain by Malcome, by the aid of the Englishmen. The year of the world 5008 The year of Christ 1047 By the counsel of earl Godwine, Anni regum Angli 5 and Robert bishop of canterbury, Emma, the mother of king Edward of England, for unjust accusations was put to great injuries, and was delivered by miracle, passing over ix plough shares, burning hot as fire, without hurt or damage. Certain pirates of the Danes entered England at the haven of Sandwiche, which were chased and driven to their ships. Henrye the emperor, having knowledge of the discord between the bishops in Rome, went thitherward with a strong army. Where he assembling a synod, condemned the iii troublous monsters, Bennet, Sylvester, and Gregory, and made Switgerus bishop, which was named the ii Clement: of whom he received the imperial Diadem, and prohibited the Romans thensfoorthe to choose anybyshop. Which thing was after cause of most deadly wars. Clement was bishop ix months, and after him Damasus 23. days, The year of the world 5009 The year of Christ and than ●eo the ix six years. near about this time in England fill passing great snow: The year of the world 5011 The year of Christ 1050 after which ensued a great morialyte● of men, Anni regum Angli 8 mooreine of cattle, and by lightening, the corn was wonderfully brent and wasted. Sanctius, the ii king of Castille, not being contented with his own kingdom, The year of Christ 1051 invaded Legio, Anni regum Angli 9 and expelled his brother Alphons: The year of the world 5012 who fled to the Saracens. He subdued also Portugal and Galyce, and chased Garsias. Eustace, earl of Bolongne, came into England: through whom variance happened between king Edward and earl Godwine: The year of the world The year of Christ 1052 who perceiving, Anni regum Angli 10 that he could not withstand the kings malice, fled into Flaunders, and was outlawed: Edward repudiated his wife the daughter of earl Godwine. Gysulphus, earl of Puel, invaded the city Bonevent: And by force took and withheld the tribute, which the church of Babenberge payeth yearly to the Roman bishop. Leo, bishop of Rome, having aid of the emperor, went with an army against Gysulphus: Anni regum Angli 11 The year of the world The year of Christ and at the first encounter was of him vanquished, and taken prisoner. But shortly after he was sent again savefely to Rome. William, bastard Duke of Normandye, about this time came with a goodly company into England: and was honourably received: to whom the king made great cheer, and at his return enriched him with great gifts and pleasures▪ and (as some writ) made promise to him▪ that if he died without issue, the same William should succeed him in the kingdom of England. earl Godwine was reconciled to king Edward, and called from banisshment: Anni regum Angli 12 The year of the world The year of Christ and for his truth and good a bearing, gave for pledges his ii sons Byornon and Toston, which were sent to the Duke of Normandye, to be kept. Anni regum Angli 13 The Scots rebelled against king Edward. Wherefore Edward, earl of Northumberlande, assembled an host, entered the land, subdued the Scots, The year of the world 5016 The year of Christ 1055 chased the king out of his realm, and gave the kingdom to Malcolme or Malcoline, son of the king of Cumbres, which the Scottyishe history setteth after this time in the year of our lord .1061. As Earl Godwine sat at the table with king Edward, it happened one of the cup bearers to stumble, & recover again, so that he did shed none of the drink: whereat Godwine lowgh and said. Now that one brother hath susteigned that other. With which words the king calling to mind his brother's death, that was slain by Godwyne, beheld the Earl, saying: so should my brother alphred have helped me, ne had Godwine been. Godwyne then fearing the kings displeasure to be newly kindled, after many words in excusing himself, said: so mought I savelye swallow this morsel of bread, as I am guiltless of the deed. But as soon as he had received the bread, forthwith he was choked. Victor, bishop of Rome ii years. Anni regum Angli 14 Algarus, earl of Oxenford, The year of the world 5017 The year of Christ through evil counsel was without guilt banished, and fled into Wales: and shortly after was reconciled to the king. Theodora governed the empire of Constantinople ii years. Henry, emperor of Germany, departing out of this life, committed his young son to the tuition of Baldwine▪ earl of Flaunders. Sewarde, Earl of Northumberlande, died: of whom it is red, The year of the world 5018 The year of Christ 1057 that when he saw well he should die, Anni regum Angli 15 he caused his armour to be put on him, and so armed at all places sitting in a cheire, said: that so it became a noble man to die, and not lying as another mean person. Henrye, the four being yet a child, was ordained emperor of Germany, and reigned .50. years. In his time, by mean of trouble, sedition, and war, the Roman empire so greatly was appaired, that never after it could be restored to the prystinate majesty, nor recover again the former might and puissance. The causers whereof were the bishops of Rome, which vexed well near the whole world with most cruel and deadly wars, and specially Hildebrande, called Gregory the vii The saxons, under the leading of Duke Otho, rebelled, The year of the world The year of Christ 1058 and by Ecbert, the emperors captain, Anni regum Angli 16 were vanquished and brought in subjection. Michael, surnamed the elder, emperor of Constantinople one year. Great business and ruffling in Rome for the election and deposition of certain bishops, as Stephene the ix Bennet the ten Nicolas the iii Andrew, king of Hungary, was vanquished of one Bela, and deprived of his kingdom. The emperors army, which came to rescue, was overthrown, king Andrew slain, and the Marquis of Thuring constreigned with hunger and famine, to yield himself to his enemies. Bela by force took on him the crown, and reigned iii years. Isacius Murdered Michael emperor of Constantinople, The year of the world 5020 The year of Christ 1059 and reigned in his place four years. Anni regum Angli 17 Algarus, earl of Mertia, which was before Earl of Oxenford, being maliciously accused, was exiled out of this land by king Edward, the second time: and fled again to Griffine Duke of Wales. Wherewith Edward was grievously displeased, and sent harold the eldest son of Godwine, which was than of great power, to war upon the said Griffine: who spoiled the country of Wales, expelled Griffyne out of his lordship, and by his policy reconciled earl Algarus to king Edward's grace and favour. Anni regum Angli Philip, the first of that name, The year of the world 5021 The year of Christ was ordained king of France. He married Bertha the wife of Baldwine earl of Holande, and had by her certain children: whom after he had repudiate, and coupled to him ●ertr●dam, the wife of Fulco whom he affectioned, that all things were done at her beck and commandment and would not forsake her until he was constrained by Urbane the bishop of Rome, to take to him his first wife. Baldwine earl of Flaunders, assembled an army and made toward Spain against the Saracens, and subdued Gascoigne to him and to the young emperor. Godfrey, earl of Puell in italy, in his death bed, neglecting his own brethren, made Bagelarde his heir and successor, which was immediately driven out of his lordship by Robert Guiscarde, Godfreis brother: who after made himself earl of Calabre and Puell, Otho duke of bavarie. Anni regum Angli 19 In this year of our lord after the computation of the Scots Malcolme or Malcolme recovered the crown of scotland and reigned .35. years. The year of the world 5022 The year of Christ Anni regum Angli 20 Alexander the ii was ordained bishop of Rome at which time the bishops of Lombardy would have advanced to that sea one Cabolus: The year of the world 5023 The year of Christ by means whereof civil war was arreared, and great armies gathered on both parts. In fine, after sore fight and great murder, the fautors of Cabolus were chased, and he himself hardly escaped. This ruffling continued a long space. Otho bishop of Coleine, by privy means conveyed Henry the emperor from the ordering & guiding of his mother, and set him in full power to rule after his own mind. The empire at this time was chiefly governed by bishops, Otho Marquis of Thuring, gave first title of his possessions to the bishop of Mensae. Henry, the emperor of Germany, revored Solomon to his father's kingdom of hungary, and gave to him in marriage his own sister. After which time Solomon reigned xiiii years. harold, the son of earl Godwyne, went into Normandy, The year of the world The year of Christ 1063 Anni regum Angli 21 where he made faithful promise to Duke William, that after the death of Edward he would keep the kingdom to his behalf: on which condition he brought with him at his return his brother Tasto. Isacius, emperor of Constantinople, shore himself a monk, after whom reigned Constantine vii, years. Sanctius king of Spain, Anni regum Angli 22 was murdered by one of his household servants. The year of the world 5025 The year of Christ 1064 Wherefore Alphons the vi whom he had before expelled, was again restored to his kingdom. Tosto envying his brother's prosperity, used much villainy toward him and king Edward: The year of the world 5026 The year of Christ 1065 Anni regum Angli 23 for the which he was forced to leave the land, and fly into Flaunders. The noble king Edward finished his last day, when he had reigned 23. years vii months and odd days. He purged the old and corrupt laws, and pi●ked out of them a certain, which were most profitable for the commons: and therefore were they called the common laws. For restitution whereof happened divers commotions and insurrections in this land. harold the eldest son of Godwine, Anni regum Angli 1 being of great power, The year of Christ 1066 in England, and therewith valiant and hardy, The year of the world 5027 took on him the governance of this land, nothing regarding the promise that be made to William of Normandye. Wherefore when William sent to him ambassades, admonishing him of the covenants that were agreed between them. Harolde would in no wise surrendre to him the kingdom, which wyllyam claimed not only for the promise that was made to him, but also because he was next of king Edward's blood. In this mean time Tosto, which fled out of the land stired against his brother, the king of Norway, who entering the north parts of England with a great puissance, discomfited ii earls, that gave to him battle▪ But harold, making haste to rescue his people, slew the king, and his own brother Tosto, and chased the Norway's with disworship to their ships. When William Duke of Normandye perceived, that he could not by any mean bring harold to fulfil his promise, nor by treaty to yield to him the kingdom: by force he entered the land. To whom Harold gave strong and sharp battle, in the end whereof William by policy obtained the victory, chased the Englyshmen, slew harold, and took on him the governance of this land This happened .617. years after the first arrival of the saxons or Anglis: in which space they reigned diversly. First began the kingdom of Kente the year of our lord .475. under Engistus: and after that vi other kingdoms at sundry times took their beginning, which all at the last were brought into one monarchy, and subject to the west saxons. by king Adelstane, the year of our lord ix hundred thirty and eight, which monarchy continued .129. years, debating of them five and twenty years, which space the Danes reigned in this land under Canutus and Harolde. The end of the second book. ¶ The third book. Anni regum Angli 1 WILLIAM DUKE OF Normandy, surnamed conqueror, The year of the world 5028 The year of Christ 1067 bastard son of Roberte the vi duke of that duchy, & nephew unto king Edward the confessor, began his dominion over this realm of England the xu day of October, and reigned xxi. years, one month, with great severity and cruelness, toward the Englishmen, bourdeininge them always with grievous exactions. By mean whereof he caused divers to fly out of the land some to scotland, some to Denmark, and other countries. And for so much as he obtained his kingdom by force and dente of sword, he changed the whole state of governance of this common weal, and ordained new laws at his own pleasure, profitable to himself, but grievous and hurtful to the people. This William was wise and guileful, rich and covetous, and loved well to be magnified, a fair speker, and great dissimuler, a man of comely stature, but some deal fat in the belly, stern of countenance and strong in arms, and great pleasure in hunting, and making sumptuous feasts. The town of Exiter, anr the Northumber's rebelled which both were subdued and grievously punished. The year of the world 5029 The year of Christ 1068 Anni regum Angli 2 King William builded four strong castles, twain at York, one at Nottingham, an other at Lincoln, which garrisons he furnished with Normains. The year of the world 5030 The year of Christ 1069 Canutus king of Denmark, Anni regum Angli 3 being steered up by certain english outlaws, invaded the Northpartes of England, and entered even to York. From whence he was chased by William, & forced to fly to his country Henry the emperor invaded the country of Bavarie Anni regum Angli 4 The year of the world 5031 The year of Christ 1070 Otho duke of bavarie vanquished the Thuringe, & vexed sore Saxony with divers invasions. Godfrey succeeded his father in the kingdom of Lohayne. The Scots with their king Malcoline, invaded Northumberlande, and rob the country. Endochia, and her sons ruled Constantinople vii moan thes. Romanus, surnamed Diogenes, married Endochia & possessed the empire. The year of the world 5032 The year of Christ 1071 Anni regum Angli 5 Otho Duke of bavarie, which had often rebelled against the emperor Henry, submitted himself, and obtained pardon. William, king of England, made such war upon the Scots, The year of the world 5033 The year of Christ 1072 Anni regum Angli 6 that he forced Malcoline to swear to him both homage and fealty. William by the counsel of the Earl of Herforde, caused the money and riches of the abbeys, to be brought into his treasourye. He made also the new forest in the country of Southampton, which to bring about he cast down divers towns and churches, the space of xxx miles, and replenished it with wild beasts, and made sharpelawes for the maintenance and increase of the same. Great contention was between Lanfranke bishop of canterbury, and Thomas of York, for the primacy, which at length was judged to the Archebishopryke of Canterbury. The saxons, for certain injuries to them done, The year of the world 5034 took arms against the emperor. Anni regum Angli 7 The year of Christ 1073 Demetrius, king of Ruscia, expelled his brother out of the kingdom, & desired aid of the emperor Henry. The saxons were quieted and reconciled to the emperor. Anni regum Angli 8 The year of the world 5035 The year of Christ Gregory the vii being made bishop of Rome, ordained (contrary to the law that was made by Henrye the three) that no emperor should have to do with the election or confirmation of the Roman bishop: and excommunicated all them that received any spiritual promotions at the emperors hand, and made other in their places, where as before time the emperor had full power to ordain such bishops as were within his dominion. With these ordinances Henry the. iii●. being than emperor, was greatly disposed. This Gregory decreed also, that priests should have no more wives, and that they which all ready had, should be divorced: and that no man should thensforthe be admitted to priesthood, but they vowed perpetual chastity. Against this decree repugned the bishops and pryestes of Germany, and withstood it a good season. About this time the people of Galloway and shortly after the Murrais and other rebelled in scotland and rob the countries, which were brought to obedience. Michael, the son of Constantine Dukas, The year of the world The year of Christ was ordained emperor of Constantinople and reigned vi. years. Anni regum Angli 9 Solomon, king of hungary, vanquished and overcame the Huns, which with an huge great army entered the bounds of Pannonie. And after that, inigning battle with the Greeks and camphors, obtained the victory. But at the last fill great debate between him and a noble man of his country, called Ge●sa, of whom after sore fight he was vanquished, and deprived of his kingdom: and than reigned Ge●sa vi years. Henry the emperor sped him with an army against the saxons, the second time, which (by the sty ring of certain Princes) refused his empire: whom he constrained by force to submit themself, and sharply punished the chief captains of that conspiracy. The year of Christ 1076 Gregory bishop of Rome excommunicated the emperor, The year of the world 5037 because he would not obey his ordinances, Anni regum Angli and deprived him of the imperial title, and assoiled the people of their oath of allegiance: willing also the princes of Germany to choose a new empero ur. By which means divers princes rebelled, and the country was wonderfully spoiled and vexed with civil wars. divers bishops of Germany, calling a counsel, did excommunicate Gregory as a cruel tyrant and miss liver. The cruel tyranny, outrageous pride, divellisshe sorcery, and detestable life of this Gregory is set forth at large by Beno the cardinal: where ye may see thee, very picture of his cruelty. Roger Earl of Her tforde, and another named Raulffe, conspired against king William of England, being then in Normandye: which both were by him outlawed, and chased out of the realm, and earl Walreff, that uttered the conspiracy, beheaded. The emperor, at the instance of his lords, came humbly to the bishop of Rome, The year of the world 5038 The year of Christ 1077 Anni regum Angli and desired of him pardon and absolution. While the emperor was in Italy, the princes and bishops of Saxony by treason chose Rodulph Duke of Suave to be emperor. The year of the world 5039 The year of Christ 1078 Anni regum Angli To which traitor Rodulph, Gregory sent the imperial Diadem. Whereof when Henry had knowledge▪ in all hast he sped him with an army against the said Rodulph and the saxons, where was fought between them a strong field, to the great loss of both parts. Ladislaus, king of hungary xviii years. A prince of great modesty who was constrained of the nobles to take on him the governance of the realm. Robert Guyscarde took saint Severines' and Consentia, cities of Calabre. He received Salerne by di●icion▪ and conquered the town called Uicus. Henry the emperor encountered Rodulph, the second and third time, Anni regum Angli 13 and sped diversly. The year of the world 5040 The year of Christ 1079 oswald, bishop of Sal●sbury, was famous in England. The fourth battle was fought between the emperor & Rodulph, Anni regum Angli 14 in the end whereof Rodulph was slain, The year of the world 5041 The year of Christ with many of the saxons. Anni regum Angli 15 Robert Duke of Puell expelled the Greeks out of italy, and took from them divers castles and towns. Michael, emperor of Constantinople, with his iii sons, was deprived of all imperial authority, by one Nicephorus, who usurped the crown iii years. Michael fled to the bishop of Rome. Robert, the eldest son of William conqueror, by the counsel and aid of Philip king of France, The year of the world invaded his father's Duchy of normandy. Wherewith UUilliam being greatly displeased, gave to his son strong battle: in which it fortuned Roberte to meet unwares in the field with his father, and bore him to the earth. But perceiving by the voice, who it was, forthwith he l●●te from his horse, and saved his father. For which deed he was reconciled, and peace between them was agreed. Robert Duke of Puel went with an army against▪ Nicephorus of Constantinople, to the intent to restore Michael to his empire. While king William of England was in Normandye, Anni regum Angli 16 the Northumber's rebelled. The year of the world 5043 The year of Christ 1082 The Venetians, taking part with Nicephor●us, encountered Robert Duke of Puel with his Normains, and obtained of them a bloody victory near to D●rach●●m. Gregory, bishop of Rome, gathering a synod, con●●mned the opinion of Beringarius, concerning the sacrament, and excommunicated Henry the emperor the second time. The emperor entered Italy with a strong army, intending to appease the fury of the bishop, and took the cited of Rome. Gregory, after he had been a good space besieged, The year of the world 5044 The year of Christ 1083 fled secretly to the Normains of Puel. The emperor, assembling a counsel at Br●xia, Anni regum Angli 17 made Robert bishop of Rome, which was before bishop of Ravenna, and named him Clement. Ladislaus, king of hungary, added Dalmacia and Croatia to the signory of the Hungares. He vanquished the Huns, and constrained the Rutenes, which invaded Pannonie to return to their own country. He subdued also the people of Polony, and took Cr●ca●ia. The year of the world 5045 The year of Christ 1084 Henrye the emperor was crowned with the imperial Diadem of Clement, Anni regum Angli 18 whom he had made bishop of Rome. The order of the Cartusians took his beginning of Bruno a Chanone. Alexius deprived Nicephorus of the Empire of Constantinople, and made him a monk. At which tune the city was miserably spoiled by the Saracens, which were in the army of Alexius. This Alexius reigned. 33. years. Between Henry the emperor and the rebellious saxons about this time were fought many sore and cruel battles, The year of the world 5046 The year of Christ 1085 Anni regum Angli 19 in which either part suffered great damage and loss. King UUylliam caused a new manner of tribute to be levied throughout this realm, for every hide of land (that is) twenty acres. vi. shillings. And not long after commanded a valuation to be taken of all lands, fees, and possessions: and diligent search also to be made, what number of men and cat-tail were within this land, and according to the quantity and number thereof, gathered another payment. Victor was ordained bishop of Rome, Anni regum Angli 20 who not long after was poisoned. The year of the world 5047 The year of Christ 1086 Roberte Duke of the Normains in Puell, affecting in his mind the empire of Constantinople, sailed with a navy of ships toward Dalmacia: where Alexius and the Venetians encountering him, were put to flight and chased and again the second time, near to Sasnum: shortly after which victory this Robert Guyscarde ended his life. Uratislaus was ordained the first king of Boheme by the emperor: and Polonte, Lusacia, Slesia, Moravia, were adjoined to that signory. England was vexed with many plagues. For a great murrain fell among cattle, Anni regum Angli 21 The year of the world 5048 The year of Christ 1087 brenning fevers and hunger among the people, great barrenness of the earth: and moreover much hurt was done in many places with misfortune of fire, and specially in the city of London. Roger succeeded Robert his father in the dukedom of Puell, Anni regum Angli 22 The year of the world 5049 The year of Christ 1088 who granted part thereof to his younger brother Bohemunde. Between these two brethren was after sharp war for possession of certain cities. Urbane the ii bishop of Rome xii years. Au full king of Galice in Spain, which had continual war with the Saracens, recovered the city of Tol●te to the possession of the Christians. William conqueror (after that he, for certain displeasure conceived toward the French king, had spoiled & wasted the country of France) ended his life, in the month of july, and was buried in the city Khan▪ in Normandy. He had .v. children Robert to whom he gave Normandy: Richard, which died in the flower of his age. William Rufus, and Henry, which were kings after him, and one daughter named Ad●la. VUylliam Rufus, the second son of William conqueror, Anni regum Angli 1 The year of the world 5050 The year of Christ 1089 begins his reign over the realm of england & reigned xiiii years. He was divers and unstable of his demeanour, very co vetous, and therewithal cruel. Wherefore he burdened his people with unreasonable taxes, he peeled the rich, and bore down the poor, and caused many to lose their lands for small causes. Yet had he some virtues, which might have been to him a goodly ornament, ne had the unclean vice of avarice defiled altogether. For in martial policy, he was very expert, and diligent in all matters that he went about, steadfast and stable of his promise, and marvelous painful and laboreous. But the forenamed vices overwhelmed the virtues, and made him audible to his subjects. Robert the elder brother, came with an army into England against William: whereof when he had knowledge he entreated means of peace. The year of Christ 1090 Odo bishop of Bayon, Anni regum Angli 2 being allied with the bishop of Durham, The year of the world 5051 the Earl of Northumberlande, the earl of Shrewsburie, and others, conspired against Wylly●m Rufus, and assaulted divers towns within England. They erected also against him Robert Curthoyse. Duke of Normandy, the second time. But William vanquished the traitors, chased them out of his realm, and made peace with his brother Robert. Roger earl of Puel took Capus, and then passing in to Sicily, subdued the city Siracuse. Alexius emperor of Constantinople, erected a place for poor people and fatherless children. He builded also a college for scholars, and gave to them revenues. The year of Christ 1091 The Scots spoiled and took preys in Northumber land. The year of the world 5052 Anni regum Angli 3 Wherefore William Rufus provided a navy and sailed thither, where after divers conflicts and skirmisshes a yeace and unity was agreed. The year of the world 1092 The Welshemen rebelled. The year of Christ 5053 Great tempest fell in sundry places of England, Anni regum Angli 4 and specially at Winchcome: where a part of the steeple was overthrown with thunder and lightning, and in London the wind overturned vi hundred houses. The year of Christ 1094 In England fell wonderful abundance of rain, Anni regum Angli 6 and after ensued so great frost, The year of the world that horses and carts passed commonly over the great rivers▪ when it thawed the heavy cakes of ice, broke down many strong bridges The Welshewen rebelled. They were vanquished, and their king or duke named Rees, slain in battle. At which time willyam caused much of their woods to be cut down: by mean whereof, they were drawn by little and little to more quietness. Urbane the .11 bishop of Rome, held a counsel at Cleremount in France, where among other things it was decreed, that none of the clergy should take the investure to any benefice of a secular prince. The bishop also made an oration to the lords, being there presence, concerning the recovery of the holy land from the power of the Saracens. After which oration .300000. men taking on them the sign of the cress, for their cognysance, made preparation for that voyage, whose sovereign captains were Gothirey Duke of Lorraine, with his ii brethren, Eustace and Baldwine: the bishop of Podie: Bohemund Duke of Puell, and his nephew Tancretus Raymunde Earl of S. Aegius, Robert earl of Flaunders, Hugh Legraunt, Philip the french kings brother with divers other noble men, and one Peter an hermit which was chief causer of that voyage. At this time many noble men, laid their lands and lordships to mortgage▪ to provide for the forenamed voyage. Among which was Robert Curthoyse Duke of Normandy, he laid his Dukedom to wed to his brother William, king of England for .10000. pounds. Anni regum Angli 7 The Christians, The year of the world 5056 The year of Christ 1095 which passed first over Bospherus having to their captain Peter the eremite (a man perchance more devout than expert to guide an army) being trapped of their enemies, were slain and murdered in great numbered, near to the town called Cinitus. Malcoline king of Scots, for displeasure taken with the v nkindenesse of William Rufus, invaded the marches of England: and in Northumberlande was slain with the eldest son Edward, by Roberte, which was then Earl of that province. Gothfrey Duke of Lorraine sold the Dukedom of Boloine to the bishop of Ebruone, Anni regum Angli 8 The year of the world 5057 The year of Christ 1096 for a great sum of money. In these days were seen many strange sights, in the earth, the son, the moon. and the stars. England and Normandy were grieved with exactions and moreyne of men, so sharply, that tillage of the earth was put of for that year: whereby ensued great hunger and scarcity the year following, and many grisly and uncouth sights were seen, as hosts of men fighting in the sky, fire leams, and such other. Calomanus, the nephew of Ladislaus, succeeded his uncle in the kingdom of Hungary. He was first a bishop, & after the death of Ladislaus licenced by the bishop of Rome to marry his uncles widow. He kept war with the Rutenes, and enlarged greatly his kingdom. But with much cruelty he vereite his brother Almus of his sight. The Christians, going to jerusalem, took the cities Nicaea, The year of the world 5058 The year of Christ 1097 Eracles, Tarsis, Anni regum Angli 9 and subdued the countrei of Cilicia, appointing the possession thereof to certain of their capiteines. Donald was king of Scots after Malcolme, between whom and Duncane was fier●e war and great trouble for the crown of scotland. The year of the world 5059 The year of Christ Antioch was besieged: Anni regum Angli in the ix month of the siege it was yielded to the Christians, by one Pyrrhus: in which pastime were fought many strong battles, to the great slaughter and desolation of the Saracens, and not without loss of many Christian men. The governance of this city was committed to Bohemunde of Puell, whose martial knighthod was often proved in time of the siege thereof. Urbane bishop of Rome, for fear of his enemies, hid himself ii years in the house of Peter Leo, and there died. The year of the world 5060 The year of Christ 1099 Corbana, master of the Persians chivalry, Anni regum Angli 12 was vanquished and slain, with an hundred thousand infidels: in which discomfiture were taken .15000. camels. Casslanus, king of Antioch was slain of the Armenians. About this time William Rufus builded Westminster hall. jerusalem, the .39. day of the siege, was conquered by the Christians. Godfrey, sovereign captain of the christian army, was proclaimed the first king of jerusalem. At the taking of this city was such murder of men, that blood was congealed in the street the thickness of a foot. Duncane by force of arms took on him the crown of Scotland, which he held a year and an half, and then was slain in his bed, after whom Donald was restored to the kingdom. In England, a town called Finchauster, in berkshire, a well cast out blood, as before it had done water: and after, by the space of xu days, great flames of fire were seen in the element. In this pass time the Venetians vexed the Saracens dwelling on the sea costs of Licia, Pamphilia, Cilicia, and Surie. Slaymanne, the great Sultan of Babylon, The year of the world 5061 The year of Christ 1106 was slain, Anni regum Angli 12 and the city Ascalon yielded to Godfrey: in the which he found wonderful riches. Pastale the second was ordained bishop of Rome: who more like a strong warrior, than a good bishop▪ with force of arms subdued many of his enemies, which withheld from him certain of. S. Peter's patrimony. Many bishops of Rome in this time were chosen in divers parts, Anni regum Angli 13 The year of the world 5062 The year of Christ 1101 and shortly after again deposed. Edgar the fourth son of Malcome being sent for of the Scots, made claim to the crown which he obtained after he had discomfited donald in a strong battle, and reigned in good quiet ix years. Baldwine, after the death of Godfrei his brother was named the ii king of Jerusalem. William Rufus, king of England, being at his disport of hunting, by glaunsing of an arrow, that Tyrel, a french knight did shoot, was wounded to death. HEnrie, the brother of William Rufus, and first of that name (for his learning called Beu●lerke) began his dominion over this realm of England, Anni regum Angli 1 and reigned .35. years. This Henry was a noble and valiant prince, strong and mighty of body, of high stature, black heard, and had great staring eyes, a comely visage, and a pleasant and sweet countenance. He greatly abhorred excess of meats and drinks. In three things he was excellent, in wit, eloquence, and good hap in battle: and thereto had iii contrary vices, covetousness, crueltee, and lust of the body: but yet he was not so given to these vices, but that he far excelled in virtue. At the beginning he reformed the state and condition of the clergy, releised the grievous payments, reduced again. S. Edward's laws, with the amendment of them, and restored Anselme bishop of Canturbury from banisshement. He took to wife Maude, the sister of edgar king of Scots. This man favoureth nothing the usurped power of the bishop of Rome. Many Christian men were slain in Asia of the Turks, and Bohemunde of Puell taken prisoner, The year of the world 5063 The year of Christ 1102 Anni regum Angli 2 which was shortly after redeemed by his nephew Tancretus. Ranulph, bishop of Durham, excited Robert Curthoyse, Duke of Normandy (which was now returned from Jerusalem) to war upon his brother Henry for the crown of England, who assembled a strong army, and landed at Portsmouth: but, by mediation, peace was made on this condition, that Henrye should pay .3000. marks yearly to Duke Robert. The year of the world 5065 The year of Christ 1104 The city of Accacon was taken of the king of Jerusalem, by the aid of the Venetians and jenowais, Anni regum Angli 4 and a great multitude of the Turks vanquished and slain. Robert Duke of Normandye, coming into England, by fair entreaty of king Henry and his wife, releised to him the tribute of .3000. marks. Anni regum Angli 5 But it was not long ere that by mean of tale bearers, The year of the world 5066 The year of Christ 1105 & miss reporters great malice was kindled between the ii brethren, and shortly thereupon deadly war arreared: in the end whereof Robert was take n, and kept in perpetual prison at Cardiff, by his brother: who immediately seized upon the Duchy of Normandy, and held it in his possession. After the death of Uradis●ans, king of Boheme, that country was governed a certain space by Dukes. Pascale, bishop of Rome, fought divers battles with Ptolomeus and Stephene Cursus, The year of the world 5067 The year of Christ 1106 citizens of Rome. Anni regum Angli 6 Robert, earl of Shrewsburye, and William of Cornwalle, rebelling against king Henry, were taken and kept in prison all their life time. King Henry ordained streicte laws against thieves and other that used unlawful means: in the which was contained the losing of life, of eyes, of stones, and other membres of man, as the guilt required. By mean of Anselme, bishop of canterbury, the pryestes of England were constrained to for go their wife's. A great Controversy between king Henry and bishop Anselme, concerning the investitute of bishops, and giving of benefices. The bishop of Rome, and his adherentes bishops of Saxony, after many other princes, lastly excited henry the younger, to war upon his own father the emperor, continuing the time of which war, Henry the father, partly for sorrow, partly with sickness, ended his life, after he had in .60. great battles encountered with his rebellious subjects, and other enemies, that were stired against him by the bishops of Rome. Bohemund, Duke of Puel, returned out of Asia, and took to wife Constance the daughter of Philip king of France. The year of the world 5068 The year of Christ 1107 Anni regum Angli 7 Henrye, the .v. of that name, after the death of his father, took on him the governance of the empire. Which he usurped rebelling against his father in his life time, and reigned twenty years. Lewis, surnamed the gross, began his reign over France, and continued xxx years, shortly after his coronation, a noble man, called Guylerous, rebelled, and was brought to due obeisance. In England appeared a blazing star between the south and the west: and against that in the east, appeared a great beam of brightness, stretching toward the star, and shortly after were seen ii moons, the tone in the east, the t'other in the west. Alphons, the vii king of Spain, reigned one and fifty years. Anni regum Angli 8 Alexius, emperor of Constantinople, vexed the Christians, The year of the world 5069 The year of Christ 1108 which were occupied in war against the Turks in Asia. Wherefore Bo 〈…〉 ●uell led against him a strong army, and besieged Dyrachium. But Alexius, fearing the puissance of Bohemunde, entreated means of peace: which was concluded, and Bohemund passed again to Antioch. A certain bishop of Flu●ntine, about this time taught, that Antichrist was come, being meeved with the wonderful strange sights which were seen in these days. Anni regum Angli 9 baldwin, king of jerusalem, took Berinthum, The year of the world 5070 The year of Christ 1109 and by force of arms subdued Sy●●n. Henrye the emperor desired to wife Maude the eldest daughter of king Henrye of England, being then but v. years of age, nor able to be married. King Henry ordained the bishops see of Eely, and added thereto Cambridge shire. Alexander the .v. son of Malcolme reigned in scotland xvii years, he quieted the Murrais and Rossis which troubled his realm. Debate fell between the king of England and Lewis of France, The year of the world 5071 The year of Christ 1110 for the castle of Gisdurs, and homage, Anni regum Angli 10 which Lewis required to be done for the Duchy of Normandy. Worthy thanks were rendered to Henry the emperor, by the bishop of Rome, The year of the world 5073 The year of Christ 1112 for that he, following his counsel, Anni regum Angli 12 armed him against his natural father. For at this time, when he came to Rome, he could not by any means obtain to be crowned of the bishop with the imperial Diadem, unless he would utterly grant, that as well the bishops of Rome, as all other, should be chosen, and admitted without the emperors consent. But he by force took the bishop and his cardinals, and constrained them, both to annoynct him emperor, and also to give to him the former privileges, of the election of the bishops of Rome, and the investiture of other bishops. At which time was such ruffling in the city, that if the emperor had not manfully defended his own person, he had at that present been slain. Bishop Pascale, assembling a counsel, not only revoked the privileges, The year of the world 5074 The year of Christ 1113 Anni regum Angli 13 which he had granted to the emperor, saying, that he was forced thereto: but also excommunicated him. At Shrewsbury, in England, was a great earthquake. And the river of Trent was so dried, that thespace of one day men went over drieshode. A blazing star appeared soon after: and there upon followed a hard winter, death of men, scarcity of victuals, murrain of beasts. A great sedition in Rome against bishop Pascale, for the death of Peter, The year of the world 5075 The year of Christ 1114 perfect of the city. Anni regum Angli 14 The emperor came again into Italy. And there subdued and spoiled many of the bishop's towns and cities. And expulsing Pascale out of Rome, was again crowned emperor of a bishop called Mau ritius. About this time in Aemilia and Flammania it reigned blood. Anni regum Angli 15 The Turks, Saracens, & Arabes, The year of the world 5076 The year of Christ 1115 near to the mount called Regalis, vanquished, chased, and put to flight Baldwine, king of jerusalem, and slew many of the Christian people. Henry, king of England, subdued the Welshemen, which oftentimes rebelled: and made them swear to him fealty and obeisance, and to deliver pledges to the more certain confirmation, and surety thereof. He gave also his daughter in marriage to the emperor, with great dower, and ordained William his son duke of Normandy: whereof began the custom and usage that the kings of England made their eldest sons Dukes of Normandy. Stephene, the ii king of hungary, reigned xviii years. He had continual peace with the Comanes. He took to wife the daughter of Robert Guiscard, and died without issue. About this time king Alexander of Scotland was in great danger to have been murdered in his chamber. Anni regum Angli 16 Mathildis or Maude, a noble woman of italy, died, who all her life time favoured greatly, The year of the world 5077 The year of Christ 5116 and maintained the bishops of Rome: and at her death, bequeathed to the church of Rome the part of Hetrucia, now called. S. Peter's patromonie. Anni regum Angli 17 Calo johannes succeeded his father Alexius, The year of the world 5078 The year of Christ 1117 in the empire of Constantinople, and reigned. ●xv. years. The citizens of Pise in Italy▪ expulsed the Saracens and conquered the isles called Baleares, by Spain▪ Anni regum Angli 18 The war was revived between king Henry of England and Lewis of France. The year of the world 5079 The year of Christ 1118 Lewis invaded Normandy with much cruelty, and took the city Lingues in Cause: wherefore Henry gathering a strong army, met with Lewis in plain field, and fought with him a deadly and cruel battle: in the end whereof Lewis was overcome, and constreigned to forsake the field, Baldwin earl of Flaunders slain, and Henry recovered the town of Lyngues. Gelasins, the ii bishop of Rome one year. At which time in France a sow farowed a pig, which had a face like to a man, a cock was hatched, that had four feet, the winter was marvelous hard and unseasonable, whereof ensued a great dearth & moreyne of cat-tail. Innumerable birds were seen fighting in the air, of which many fell dead to the ground. An horrible earthquake .40. days together in Italy. The year of the world 5080 The year of Christ 1119 Calistus, the ii being ordained bishop of Rome, Anni regum Angli 19 made peace and atonement with the emperor. Baldwine of Burgoyne, was made the iii king of jerusalem. William duke of Normandy, and Richard the sons of king Henrye of England, The year of the world 5081 The year of Christ 1120 Anni regum Angli 20 and Mary his daughter Richard earl of Chester, with his wife the kings nice, and other to the number of. 16●▪ persons, passing from Normandy into England, by oversight of the ship master were drowned, saving one butcher, which escaped the danger. Roger Duke of Sicily (in the absence of Duke willyam) invaded the country of Calabre and Puel, and named himself king of italy. Baldwine king of jerusalem, took Gazim, king of the Turks, The year of the world The year of Christ 1121 which inhabited the less Asia: Anni regum Angli 21 and with like success vanquished, and took prisoner, the king of Damascus. john▪ a cardinal, was sent of Caliest into England for reformation of divers matters pertaining to the clergy. Who in open counsel, with most bitter words, envied and thundered against such priests as nourished concubines: but in the next evening, he was taken himself with a strumped, to his open rebuke, and shortly after returned to Rome with shame enough. Bernard the monk, Ruduerte, Hugo of Paryse, and Haliabas a physician flourished. Dominicus Michael▪ duke of Venice, with a well furnished navy, The year of the world The year of Christ 1122 sailed into Asia: Anni regum Angli 22 and at the city joppen vanquished the Saracens, took of them a great numbered and conquered the city T●rus. In his return for displeasure kindled toward the emperor of Constantinonople, which caused him to be sent for home, he spoiled Rhodes and Chius: and subdued Sanius, Lesbus, Milene, and divers other places, which belonged to the empire of Constantinople. Roberte, earl of Milan, invaded and spoiled the country of Normandye, and was vanquished & taken by the soldiers of king Henry of England. Bishop Calixt by force of arms subdued Burdinus, The year of the world The year of Christ 1123 which by certain noble men was proclaimed bishop of Rome against him: Anni regum Angli 23 And brought the said Burdine in a triumph to Rome upon an ass back, in great despite setting his face to the tail of the beast. Anni regum Angli 24 Charles earl of Flaunders, The year of the world 5085 The year of Christ 1124 by mean of the provost of Bruggis▪ was slain in the church, as he was hearing divine service. After whose death, Lewis king of France advanced William the son of Robert Curthoyse to the said earldom of Flaunders, on whom immediately Theodorich, earl of Alsacia, made mortal war, and was of him vanquished and forced to flee to Alustum, where continuing the siege, William was wounded to death with a dart, that was cast from the walls. And after this decease, Theodorich, his enemy, possessed the earldom of Flaunders. Anni regum Angli 25 Balach king of the Parthes' took Baldwine king of jerusalem, and slew many of the Christian captains, The year of the world 5086 The year of Christ 1125 and soldiers of Asia. Honorius the ii bishop of Rome .v. years. ¶ Davie succeeded Alexander in the kingdom of Scotland. He builded so many abbeys and gave much lands to the church that his successors were scantly able to maintain their estate. He diminished the revenues of the crown .60. thousand pound. He had no wars all the time of Henry Beuclerke. Anni regum Angli 27 Lothayre Duke of Saxony, after the death of Henry by consent of the electors, was chosen emperor. The year of the world 5088 The year of Christ 1127 This man is not only commended for his martial knighthod and noble prows, but also for the worthy favour he bore toward religion and honest laws. By his procurement the civil laws, which of long time were hid in dust, in all libraries, and clean out of use among men, were again restored to the world, and commanded to be used in all countries. The grey friars came first into England. Maude, the daughter of king Henry, after the death of her husband the emperor, came into England to her father. The order of S. john's hospitals, templares, Anni regum Angli and other like began first at this time. The year of the world 5089 The year of Christ 1128 ¶ Geffrei Plantagenct, earl of Angeow, married Maud the empress, daughter of king Henry, of which two descended Henry the ii which reigned after Stephene. The year of the world 5091 The year of Christ 1130 Innocent●us, Anni regum Angli 30 the ii being ordained bishop of Rome went immediately with a strong army againnt Roger earl of Sicily, at which time he took by violence the town of ●. Germanye, and besieged Roger in the castle Gelucium. But William, Duke of Calabre, delivered his father, and took the bishop prisoner: with certain of his cardinals: whom he shortly after set at liberty. In the mean time the people of Rome named one Peter to be bishop, which was the son of a citizen called▪ Peter Leo, Wherefore Innocent durst not return▪ to Rome but fled strait into France. This man first ordained that he which stroke a priest should be excommunicate. bald quinus, king of Damascus, was vanquished of Baldwine king of jerusalem. The year of Christ 1131 Fulco earl of Angeow, Anni regum Angli 31 was ordained the fourth king of jerusalem. The year of the world 5902 About this time Philip, the eldest son of Lewis king of France, by misfortune was slain with an horse in Paris. Lewis the younger, by consent of his father, was anointed king of France. The year of the world 5903 The year of Christ 1132 Henry, king of England, Anni regum Angli 32 because he had none other issue male, ordained that his daughter Maude which had been empress should succeed him in the kingdom. Fulco king of jerusalem, slew a great noumbre of the Turks, and builded the castle or sort called Ibelli●um The year of the world 5094 The year of Christ 1133 Lothayre the emperor restored Innocentius to the bishopric of Rome and recovered of him the imperial Diadem. Anni regum Angli 33 Bela, the son of Almus (whom Calomannus had bereft of his sight) was ordained king of hungary, and reigned ten years. He punished them extremely, which caused that cruelty to be showed toward his father, and vanquished in battle one Borichus, the bastard son of Calomannus▪ which by aid of the Pelonians and Rutenes, affected the kingdom: and took to wife Helena, the daughter of the king of Servia. Lewis, the young king of France, married Alenour, The year of the world 5096 whithe was right heir to the province of Aqullaine. The year of Christ 1135 King Henry of England, being in Normandye, with a fall of his horse, took his death. STephene Earl of Boloyne, the son of the Earl of Bloyes, Anni regum Angli 1 and Adela, William conquerors daughter, The year of the world 5097 The year of Christ 1136 and nephew to Henry the first, took on him the governance of this realm of England. This was a noble man, and hardy, of passing comely favour and parsonage. In all princely virtue he excelled: as, in martial policy, affabilitee, gentleness, and bountiful lyberalytee toward all men, and especially in the beginning: for although he had continual war, yet did he never burden▪ his commons with exactions, saving only certain bishops, which flowing in riches, builded divers castles that turned the king after to great trouble. Only in this he s●●ied blame worthy, that contrary to his oath, made to Maude the daughter of Henry, he was thought unjustly to take on him the crown. For which cause he was vexed with warees all the time of his reign. Great trouble and dissension in England, for so much as divers of the nobles favoured Maude the empress, again Stephene, which was in possession of the crown. War between king Stephene and David of scotland, because he refused to do to him his homage for Northumberlande and Hunting ton▪ which he held by his wife▪ In this war (the Scottisshe history sayeth) the Duke of Gloucester was taken. Steph●ne made peace, and agreed with David king of Scots, and received of him homage after he had won from him certain towns and castles, and gave to Henry, the son of David, the earldom of Huntingdon. ¶ Lewis the eight, surnamed the younger, after the death of his father, was ordained king of France. In the beginning of his reign, died (joannes de temporibus) which (as witnesseth the Frence chronicle) was a squire in the time of Charles the great, and lived over .300. years. Lothayre the emperor went to Rome the second time, against Roger, The year of the world 5098 The year of Christ 1137 which named himself king of Italy: Anni regum Angli 2 But Roger, hearing of the emperors coming toward him, sled into Sicily. Than the bishop of Rome gave the Duchy of Puell to Raynon, a knight of the emperors, whom also he ordained governor of Italy. A vain rumour was spread in England of the death of king Stephene, which was cause of much trouble and business in the realm. For divers of the lords got them to their holds: which after might scantly with great labour be quieted and appeased. After which time Stephene passed into Normandye against Geffrey Earl of Angeow, the husband of Maude the empress, which was right heir to the crown, and when he had quieted that province, he named Eustace his son Duke of Normandye and enered friendship and league with Lewis king of France. Richardus de. S. Uictore, Rabi Solomon a jew, and Almeon well skilled in the Quadrivialles lived at this time. Eustace, the son of king Stephene, married the sister of Lewis king of France, which marriage continued the amity between England and France. Chunrade, Duke of Suane, a man of noble and valiant courage, Anni regum Angli 4 by consent of the electors was chosen emperor, The year of the world 5039 The year of Christ 1138 and reigned xu years. Whom no writer testifieth to be crowned of the bishop of Rome: but that he used imperial authority without his admissyon. At the beginning against him rebelled a Duke of the saxons, named Henry: but he was shortly brought in subjection, and his Dukedom given to the Earl of Ostrich. David, king of scotland (repenting him of the former agreement made with king Stephene, The year of the world 5100 The year of Christ 1139 Anni regum Angli 3 and purposing to recover the crown of England for Maude his nephew and daughter of king Henry) in most cruel wise invaded Northumberland: where by Thrustone, bishop of York, the Scots were driven back, and slain in great num●bre, and David constrained to give his son Henry in hostage for surety of peace. In the mean season king Stephene was occupied in civil war against Robert Earl of Gloucester and others, which favoured the part of Maude: whom the king subdued, and part of them forced to forsake the realm. Maude the empress came into this land out Normandye, Anni regum Angli 6 and by the aid of Roberte earl of Gloucester, The year of the world 5102 The year of Christ 1141 and Ranul●h of Chester, made strong war upon king Stephene: in the end whereof the kings party was chased, and himself taken prisoner, and sent to Bristol, there to be kept in sure hold. But than the Ken●sshemen and Londinars, favouring the king, warred upon the rebels, & in open field took Robert Earl of Gloucester. But shortly after both the king and Robert were d●lyuered out of prison by exchange: and Stephene without delay gathering to him a strong army, in such wise pursued his enemies, that he forced Maude, with other of his friends, to forsake the realm. The war continued a long season, to the great damage of the realm. The romans, desiring their former and ancient liberty, ordained two senators, which should govern the lordships and provinces belonging as yet to the city of Rome. But Innocent the bishop withstood, their purpose, and calling a counsel, ordained, that no lay man should lay violent hands upon a priest. Anni regum Angli 7 ¶ Emanuel was created emperor of Constantinople, The year of the world 5103 The year of Christ 1142 and reigned xxviii years. He used much villainy toward the christians that passed into Asia against the Turks, as after shall appear. Anteenna the phisicfon, Auerrois the interpreter of Aristotle, & a wicked philosopher, Abraham A●enestrae a jew and an astronomer, and Baliardus a peripatetic flourisshed. Anni regum Angli 8 ¶ G●isa, son of Bela, was made king of Hungary, and reigned twenty years. The year of the world 5104 The year of Christ 1143 He kept fierce war with the Germans, which broke into Pannonie, and was of them at the first encounter vanquished: but at the second time he obtained the victory. This man received and nobly entertained the emperor and the French king, as they yode toward Jerusalem. Roger, earl of Sicily, recovered all the lordship, which he was before possessed of in Italy: and than passed with a strong navy into Africa where in many battles he wearied the Saracens, and made them, with their king Tunete, to him tributary: which tribute they paid duly the space of thirty. years. Alaph, king of the Turks, reconquered the city of Mesopotamia, called Edissa, and practised most extreme villainy and cruelty toward the Christians. Celestine bishop of Rome .v. months. After him Lucius' ix months, and than Eugenius viii years, which was troubled with the sedition of the people, desiring their consuls. The year of Christ 1144 ¶ Baldwine the iii was ordained the .v. king of Jerusalem, after his father Fulco. Anni regum Angli 9 S. Barnard exhorted the Christian princes to take arms against the Turks. Chunrade, the emperor of Germany, gathering for that purpose a strong army, went to Constantinople, & by the counsel of Emanuel (which promised faiethfully to purvey all things necessary for his army) passed over Bospherus, without preparance of victual and for age, and besieged Iconium. Emanuel sent to him meal mingled with lime: with the which the soldiers of Chunrade were poisoned and destroyed, in such wise, that he was fain to leave the siege, and return again into Thracia. Baldwine, king of Jerusalem, repaired Gaza, and conquering the city Alcalon, gave it to the templares. He over came the Turks at Hierico, and slew of them .5000 and in like manner vanquished, chased, and slew Noradinus master of the chivalry of Damascus, with his company. A synod was assembled in France, in the which B●liardus, a phylosophier of excellent learning, but not consenting in all points with the Roman church, was convicted, and afterward made himself a monk. The year of the world 5106 The year of Christ 1145 Lewis king of France, Anni regum Angli 10 setting forth toward Asia against the Turks, came to Constantinople: and by the treason of Emanuel the emperor, was led by deserts, and wildernesses of S●rie, with great'ie opardie of his men: and at the last through scarcity of victuals and all necessaries▪ was constreigned to bring his host, being sore wearied and feebled, to the city of Antioch. Gracian collectont of the decrees, Peter commester author of the history called Scholastica, Petrus Longobardus master of the sentences, and Otto ●rigensis a well learned bishop were famous. Roger earl of Sicily, being grieved with the untruth and villain of Emanuel the emperor of Constantinople, went against him with a great puissance, and subdued Cor●yra, took the cities Corinth, Thebes, Eubola, and other, and then fearing the aid of the Venetians, bend his power toward Asia, where he caused the Saracens at the port of Simeon, which had entrapped and compassed the French king. In his return he beset the city of Constantinople with a hard siege. About this time in England the jews crucified a child upon Easter day at Norwich▪ in derision of christ and his religion. Anni regum Angli 11 Chunrade the Emperor, & Lewis the king of France coming to jerusalem, The year of the world 5107 The year of Christ 1146 joined their puissance with king Baldwine, and besieged Damascus. But they being deceived by an Assyrian, whom they trusted, forsook the siege, and shortly after returned into Europe. Geffrey Plantagenet, the husband of Maude the empress (who, continuing the wars against king S●●phene of England: had won from him the 〈◊〉 Normandy) ended his life: and his son Henry succeeded in that Dukedom. Roger earl of Sicily, returning from Constantinople was spoiled and rob of the Uen●●l●us which met him in his journey. Anni regum Angli 12 The year of the world 5108 The year of Christ 1147 Stephene king of England, after long war and much trouble, was again crowned king at 〈◊〉 Robert earl of Gloucester made new war upon the king, and had the better hand of him at Wilt●n, so that the king was like to have fallen into Robertes danger But he escaped with much pain. Noradinus a Sarasen, after the departure of the emperor & other princes out of Asia, besieged the city of Antioch, The year of the world 5109 The year of Christ 1148 Anni regum Angli 13 and took and slew many of the captains and soldiers of the Christian people. Dominicus Maur●cenus, Duke of Uenyce, Anni regum Angli 14 subdued to his signory Pola, The year of the world 5110 The year of Christ 1149 Rubinum, Parenticum, Hemonian, and Humagum. Eustace bishop of Rome, Anni regum Angli 15 which was by the citizens expelled, The year of the world 5111 The year of Christ 1150 came into Italy again: and partly by force, partly by agreement, recovered Taracine, Norba, & certain other places, which were withholden from him. About this tme Lewis king of France repudiated Alinour his wife, whom Henry duke of Normandy, afterward coupled to him in open marriage: by mean whereof he became of great power. For by his father, he was Earl of Angeow by his mother Duke of Normandy, and by his wife Earl of Poytow and Guyan. Lewis king of France married Constance the daughter of Alphons king of Castille. In England the river of Thamis was so strongly frozen, that horse and cart passed over upon the ice. The year of Christ 1152 Anastasius the four bishop of Rome one year and an half. The year of the world 5113 Anni regum Angli 17 Henry duke of Normandy, in the quarrel of his mother Maude, with a great puissance entered into England and at the first wan the castle of Mulmesburie, than the tower of London, and afterward the town of Nottingham, with other holds and castles. Between him and king Stephen were fought many battles, whereby this realm was sore troubled, Friderich, surnamed Barbarossa, Anni regum Angli 18 was emperor of Almain, The year of the world 5114 The year of Christ 1153 36. years. He was strong in arms, of lusty courage, expert in martial feats, mighty of body, in counsel provident, manly in his affairs, easy to be spoken to, gentle to gentle persons, & haught minded toward the proud, of wit sharp and quick, and of good memory: finally, in nobleness & iust●ce a renowned prince, which though he were of nature gentle & meek, yet could he not safer the shameful injuries done to him by the Roman bishops, as it shall after somewhat appear. joachim Magnus of Calabre, an abbot that had the gift of prophecy, Petrus Blesensis, and johannes Mesue physicians. Alpetragius Marrocrila●us an astronomer, Bosianus a lawyer flourished. Peace was agreed between Maude the empress, her son Henry, and king Stephene on this condition, that Stephene (during his life time) should hold the kingdom of England, and henry in the mean time, to be proclaimed heir apparent in the chief cities throughout the realm. Adrian an Englisheman bishop of Bome viii. years. The Romans ceased not to make earnest suit, both with prayers & manasinges, that they might obtain the free governance of consuls, which thing bishop A●ryan gainsaid, and at length with cursing and banning forced them to be at rest. William king of Sicily overran and wasted the country about Bonevent: and therefore was stricken with the thunderbolt of excommunication, by the bishop of Rome. Friderich the emperor passing into jialy in his journey subdued Derdona, Anni regum Angli 19 and then yode toward Rome: The year of the world 5115 The year of Christ 1154 where he was met by the bishop, and after crowned with the imperial Diadem. At which time was re●sed a great commotion by the people of Rome against the Germans. ¶ Malcolme the maiden, being xiii years of age, succeeded his uncle David in the kingdom of scotland, and reigned▪ xii yeaes. Shortly after, one Somerled affected ehe crown who was suppressed by Gilchrist Earl of Angus. Anni regum Angli 1 HEnrie the second of that name, the son of Geffrey Plantagenet & Maude the empress daughter of king Henry the first, The year of the world 5116 The year of Christ 1155 begins his reign over this realm of England, and continued .35. years. He was samwhat red of face, short of body, and therewith fat of sp●ace reasonable, and well lettered, and also noble in knighthod and fortunate in battle: of courageous heart wise in counsel, and loved wet peace, liberal to strangers, but hard to his familiars, slow of answer, unsteadfast of promise, given some deal to pleasure, & an open spousbreaker: in religion negligent, but not so much as he is made of some writers, which seem to be more meeved with affection toward Thomas Becket, then with the true consideration of his acts and deeds. In his tune, by his great manhood and policy, the signory of England was much augmented, with the addition of scotland and Ireland, the isles Orcades, Britain, Poytow, Guyan, and other provinces of France. Lewis king of France married Alice his third wife the daughter of Theobalde earl of Blesence. William king of Sicily, when by fair entreaty he could not obtain peace of the bishop of Rome, with a great puissance spoiled the country of Puell, & chased the Grecians: and then for frate was received into the bishop's favour. The year of Christ 1156 Uitalis Michael, duke of Venice, took in battle Ulrich the patriarch of Aquileta, The year of the world 5117 Anni regum Angli 2 with. 70●. of the nobles of Hungary and Forum●●l●i, and made the people of Forumtulii tributary to Venice. Henry of England cast down divers castles which were erected in the time of Stephene. He went into the Northpartes, and received of the Scots, Cumberland and Northumberlande, which they said were g●u●n to them by Maude his mother, and set an order in that country. The variance began first between the emperor and the city of Milan, which refused his dominion, Anni regum Angli 3 and endeavoured to bring other cities of Italy under her subjection. The year of the world The year of Christ 1157 In England were seen in the firmament ii sons and in the moor appeared a red cross. About the same time in Italy in the month of Novembre appeared iii sons, and the year following iii moons. Of the which the middelmost had a red cross. King Henrye went with a strong army into Wales and quieted that country, and after builded the strong castle of Rutland. The year of the world The year of Christ 1158 About this time came into England certain Germans Anni regum Angli 4 to the number of xxx which taught the abrogation of the sacraments of the altar, baptism, and wedlock. William king of Sicily, the whole college of cardinals, and divers cities of Italy, conspired against the emperor Friderich, which was occupied in the wars against Milan, & gave to the bishop of Romela great sum of money to excommunicate the emperor. About this time one Angus of Galloway rebelled in Scotland, which was subdued, by Gilchrist Earl of Angus. Not long after the Murrasy rose against their king, and were suppressed with great slaughter. Adrian bishop of Rome died being choked with a fly in his drink: who, a little before his death affirmed that there was no kind of life more miserable than the Papacy. Anni regum Angli 5 Alphons king of Castille died as he was coming from Jerusalem, and left after him his son Sanctius: The year of the world 510 The year of Christ who being slain in A●rabia, his brother Ferdinand succeeded in the kingdom, and reigned .31. years. Great discord and variance in Rome for the election of the bishop, for some of the cardinals chose one octavian: but other some, and the more part, named Alexander. At which time the emperor (to whose judgement the matter was referred) when that Alexander dysdeyned to abide his arbitrement, confirmed Octavian. Than old Alexander flee into France and there excommunicated out of the numbered of the faithful, both Friderich the emperor, and Octavian the Antipape: and in a counsel at Claremounte disannulled the acts of the counsel of Paul. This schism continued well near twenty years. The year of the world 5121 The year of Christ 1160 Anni regum Angli 6 Lewis king of France gave his daughter Margarete in marriage to Hearle the son of the king of England, by reason whereof was appeased the war & grudge between France & England for the lands of Poytow. etc. Friderich the emperor came the fourth time into italy, Anni regum Angli 7 and wasted the city of Terdona, rob Cremona, The year of the world 1122 The year of Christ 1161 spoiled Milan (which had been cause of much mischief) and cast it to the earth. For which cause the Ueronenses, Patavines, and Uincentines by the stering of the Venetians conjured, and made confederacy against the emperor. At the subversion of Milan, the women (which had liberty to depart with as much as they could carry) leaving their riches and treasure, took with them their infants and young children: with which example of motherly charity the emperor being greatly delighted, granted to them all their whole substance and the safeguard of their children. This year (as saith Fabian) king Henry of England went into Scotland, and made so fierce war upon their king William, that lastly he took him, & caused him to make recompensation in yielding to him the castle of Carlell, the castle of Bamburgh with divers other, and received of him fault and homage. Uladislaus, Anni regum Angli 8 for his valiant knighthood which he declared in the Siege and expungnation of Milan, The year of the world The year of Christ 1162 was by the emperor ordained the ii king of Boheme, and had given to him for his arms the red raunping Lion, with the forked tail. The emperor Friderich sought divers means of peace and agreement with Alexander bishop of Rome: But he would not in any wise agree. The year of Christ 1163 Almericus succeeded his brother Baldwine in the kingdom of Jerusalem, The year of the world 5124 Anni regum Angli 9 he vanquished the Aegipcians and took the city Alexandria, which he restored to the Soul done upon promise of a great sum of money for the same: but when promise was not kept for the paiement thereof, Almericus besieged him in the town called Cayrum, or Cares. Stephene the iii was ordained king of Hungary, and reigned ix years. Guido bishop of Crema after the death of Octavian, was made bishop of Rome by the emperor, The year of the world The year of Christ 1164 Anni regum Angli 10 at which time Alexander was still in France. Thomas becker bishop of Caunterbury (which sediciouselye under pretence of defending the liberties of the church (as he said) spoke and did many things against the kings prerogative royal, and contrary to all good order of civil governance) was expelled out of the realm, or more verily fled himself to Rome to complain upon the king to the bishop. The welshemen rebelled and were brought again in subjection. Anni regum Angli 11 Bishop Alexandre returned out of France to Rome, The year of the world 5126 The year of Christ 1165 and was received of the people, contrary to the emperors mind. Anni regum Angli 12 The Romans, The year of the world 5127 The year of Christ 1166 for so much as the Tusculans refused to pay a fowage, that was of them exacted, made fierce war▪ upon them, and by the aid of the Germans, were themselves vanquished and slain in great noumbre. Frederich the emperor returning to Rome, subdued a great part of the borders of Hetrucia, and beclipped the city of Rome with a strong siege: at which time a great noumbre of his soldiers and many of the noble men perished with a sudden pestilence. William succeeded his brother Malcolme and was ordained king of Scots. Alexander the bishop wasagayne constrained to fly in to France. In this mean time the city of Milan was repaired and newly builded. The Venetians expelled the Hung ears from jadara The people of Dalmacie submitted them to Emanuel the emperor of Grece. A bitter commotion was kindled between the emperors of Grece and the Venetians which bereft him of divers cities, towns, and islands. After the disease of Malcolme, William king of Scots, came into England and did to king Henry feaultee and homage, as Malcolme had done before. The city of Alexandria in Italy, was erected by the people of Milan Placentia, Anni regum Angli and Cremona, The year of the world 5129 The year of Christ king Henry of England caused Henry his eldest son to be crowned king: as he thought to the great quietness as well of himself as of his realm, but as it proved to the utter disturbance of them both. Anni regum Angli 15 Guydo the Antipape died, The year of the world 5130 The year of Christ 1169 after whom succeeded joannes which was the third bishop that was set up by the emperor against Alexander. The Romans utterly destroyed Alba. Raynold Earl of Tusculane submitted himself and his lordship to the Roman bishop. Siracinus or Xaracon the first Soldan of Egypt, after he had murdered Zuar the Catiph. The year of the world 5131 The year of Christ 1170 Anni regum Angli 16 The year of the world 5132 The year of Christ 1171 Thomas Becket, Anni regum Angli 17 by the mediation of Alerander bishop of Rome, and Lewis the French king, was restored to his bishopric, and not long after by certain gentilm●, was slain: the fault whereof, was injustly laid to the king. Saladine, king of the Turks, adnexed to his signory Egypt and Sury. The year of the world The year of Christ 1172 He was a man of great puissance, Anni regum Angli 18 and a mighty and strong warrior, which wrought much cathe to the Christians. ¶ Baldwine the four was the vii king of Jerusalem. King Henry of England sent ambassade to Alexander bishop of Rome▪ to purge him of the false accusation of the death of Thomas Becket. Among other things it was enjoygned him in his penance, that it should be lawful to his subjects as often as them listed to appeal to the sea of Rome, and that no man should be accounted as king until such time as he were confirmed by the Roman bishop. Whereby it manifestly appeareth that the bishops of Rome in all their doings endeavour only to have princes and kingdoms subject to their beck, but this his injunction was at no time fulfilled of the king of England. Bela the iii and son of Stephene king of Hungary reigned xviii years. He being not troubled with external hostilytee gave himself to peace, quietness, and justice. King Henry subdued Ireland, and adnexed the same to his kingdom. Peter, a bishop of Lombardy, wrote the book of the Sentences. The year of the world 5134 The year of Christ 1173 Friderich the emperor entered into Italy with a huge host the .v. time. Anni regum Angli 19 Lewis king of France sent an Earl of his in Asia with a great sum of money, which he had levied of the benevolence of the people, to sustain the Christians being in war against the Turks. Thomas Becket was canonized by the bishop of Rome Baldwine king of jerusalem near to Ascalon, vanquished Saladine the Turk and in like manner at the second encounter about Tiberiadi●. Anni regum Angli 20 The year of the world 5135 The year of Christ 1174 Anni regum Angli 21 The people of Milan with their confederates, The year of the world 5136 The year of Christ 1175 encountering the emperor in Italy obtained of him a bloody victory. Henry the son of king Henry of England, was crowned the second time with his wife Margaret the French kings daughter. EEma●nll emperor of Grece invaded Silicia, and wss overthrown and chased of the Turks. King Henry the son by the exciting of the king of France. Alinour his mother, and certain other nobles took arms and arreared deadly war against his natural father. Anni regum Angli 22 divers strong battles were fought: The year of the world 5137 The year of Christ 1176 as well in England, by the deputies and friends of both parts, as also in Normandy, Pottew, Guyan, and Britain, where they were corporally present: but the victory inclined alway to the father. There took part against king Henry the father, Lewis king of France William king of scotland, Henry, Geffrey, john his own sons Robert earl of Leceister, Hugh of Chester, and other: but in the end, the sons with their allies were constrained to bend to their father's will, and desire peace, which he gently granted, and forgave their trespass. William king of Scots, in this war was taken, and yielded for his ranesome the city of Carlell, the castle of Bamburgh, the new castle upon Tine▪ and swore for ever to be true to the king. And as well he as his successors, to do their homage as often as it should be required, The Scottish history reciteth an other cause of this war of William against King Henrye, and sayeth he was taken in the .1174. year of our lord. Friderich the emperor, after the discomfiture taken at Comum, made peace with his adversaries, and came to Venice to the bishop of Rome, where he so humiled him self, that he suffered the bishop to tread upon him, at which time was song the verse of the hsalter. super aspidem et basiliscum ambulabis▪ conculcabis leonem et draconem: And when Friderich said, that he did not that obeisance to Alexander, but to Peter, he answerer. both to me and peter. Of this outrageous pride, what is to be judged, every man may esteem, But this is undoubted that he steered such mortal and, cruel wars as we have before showed without any just cause only so: his private election, and would obey neither to counsel, nor authority, nor yet condescend to any atonement. Yea and desides this, with unestimable pride, ●yo conculcate and tread under feet, the highest power of princes, which god commanded with great reverence to be obeyed. Bishop Alexander coming to Rome made peace with the citizens on this condition, that their consuls should not be admitted until they had sworn to be obedient to him, and to enterprise nothing, whereby the power of the Roman bishop might be diminished. The year of the world 5139 The year of Christ 1178 In England fell great weathering, Anni regum Angli 24 & tempest of thunder and lightning in midwinter: & in summer following fell hail of such greatness, that it slew both man and beast. Gilbert of Gallaway, rebelled in scotland, he was chased by Gilchrist, and driven into Ireland: not long after this, Gilchrist was banished for killing his wife, the king s sister: & stealing after again into Scotland, lived a poor life a long time, until by great chance he was received to the kings mercy. The year of the world 5240 Philip the son of Lewis king of France, after the decease of his father, The year of Christ 1179 Anni regum Angli 25 took on him the governance of the realm, which he governed well and nobly xliii years. At the beginning he expelled the jews out of his land. At this time were many jews in England, which against the feast of Easter, did use to crucify young children in despite of Christian religion. The year of the world 5241 The year of Christ 1180 Alexius, being but a very child, was ordained emperor of Constantinople after the death of his father, by whom he was committed to the tuition of a noble man called Andronicus: who first used himself towarhe the young emperor as a good tutor, after as a fellow with him in the empire, and lastly as a shameful trayteur murdered him, when he had reigned. iii-yeares. Lucius the .172. bishop of Rome four years, who endeavouring to pull down again the governance of the consuls, was driven out of the city, and fled to Uerona. Anni regum Angli 27 The year of the world 5142 The year of Christ 1181 Anni regum Angli 28 Henry the eldest son of king Henry of England, The year of the world 5143 The year of Christ 1182 ended his life. Shortly after began the war between king Henry and Philip of France: for homage that the French king required to be done for the lands of Poytow and other, and for the castle of Gisours. King Philip of France warred upon the Duke of Burgoyne, Anni regum Angli 29 for the castle of Uerginde. The year of the world 5144 The year of Christ 1183 Andronicus, after he had murdered Alexiu●, took on him the imperial crown,, and reigned ii years. Baldwine the v. being but a child, was proclaimed king of Jerusalem. Saladine king of Turks, invaded and spoiled the country about jerusalem, and brought much trouble to the Christians. William king of Sicily, The year of the world 5145 The year of Christ 1184 for certain injuries done to the Latins, Anni regum Angli 30 led a huge army both by water and by land, against the emperor of Constantinople, and took the city Thessalonica of Macedon, and subdued many cities of Thrace and Grece to his obeisance. Guydo took on him the kingdom of jerusalem▪ for the which was great contention between him and the Earl of Tripoli named Raimunde, which discord gave occasion to Saladine the Turk more cruelly to assault the Christians in Asia. Heraclius Patriarch of jerusalem, which had been in divers parts of Europe, Anni regum Angli 31 came to king Henry, The year of the world 5146 The year of Christ 1185 desiring him of aid against the Turks. Isacius vanquished & put to death Andronicus emperor of Constantinople, and reigned there xvi years. Urbane the iii bishop of Rome ii years. Friderich emperor of Germany, ordained his son Henry governor of the cities of Italy In England the jews crucified a child in the town of Bury. Anni regum Angli The year of the world 5147 The year of Christ The Saracens were chased and sleine at the city An●●●e. Saladine the Turk besieged Tiberiadis, slew the Christians; took prisoners king Guydo and the masters of the templates. He received by agreement the city Ascalone, and possessed Ladirea. Then he went to jerusalem, and conquered again the city .92. years after it was taken by the Christians. In the mean time the people of Antioch chased & slew the Turks in great numbered. ¶ Here endeth the kingdom of jerusalem. The city of Antioch was given up to Saladine by the Patriarch for a great sum of money. The year of the world 5148 The year of Christ 1187 Anni regum Angli 33 Gregory the viii bishop of Rome .57. days, and after him Clement the iii three years .v. months. Richard earl of Poytow made war against king Henry of England his father, The year of the world 5149 The year of Christ 1188 Anni regum Angli 34 and taking part with the French king wan from him divers cities, towns and castles, and namely the city of Ci●omanna. For sorrow whereof shortly king Henry ended his life. About this time the Venetians bought the isle of Cret● or Candy of one Boniface surnamed Monti Ferratensis. The year of Christ 1189 richard the first of that name, for his valiant and lusty courage, The year of the world 5150 Anni regum Angli 1 surnamed Cor de Lion, the second son of Henry was crowned king of England and reigned xi. years ix months twenty days. He was big of stature and had a merry countenance, in the which appeared as well a pleasant gentleness as a noble and princely majesty, to his soldiers he was favourable, bountiful to his friends & strangers, a grievous enemy and hard to be pleased, desirous of war, and abhorring idleness, He inclined somewhat to pride lechery and avarice: but most of all he is to be blamed, because he seemed to be impious toward his father. The Londoners obtained ii officers to guide their city, which were called bailiffs. Great preparation was made for the recovery of jerusalem, and to aid the christians in Asia, by Friderich emperor of Almaigne, richard king of England Philip of France, Oddo Duke of Burgoyne, the Venetians, Pisones William king of Sicily, and other. The Frisones Danes and flemings, with sword and fire, destroyed the sea costs of Africa and Mauritania belonging to the Saracens. Friderich the emperor, after he had subdued the less Armonie, and conquered divers cities of Asia, by misfortune was drowned in the river Selephius. Philip king of France, and Richard of England, The year of the world 5151 The year of Christ 1190 went forward in their journey toward Jerusalem. Henrye the vi and son of Friderich, was ordained emperor of Almaigne. Anni regum Angli 2 The bishop of Coloine, and other bishops, with the princes of Burgoyne rebelled. Alphons the viii surnamed the good, recovered his father's kingdom of Spain, and reigned .53. years. He take to wife Elenoure, the daughter of king Henrye of England lately diseased. King richard, in his journey toward Jerusalem, The year of the world 5152 The year of Christ subdued the Island of Cyprus: Anni regum Angli 3 and than ivigning his puissance with the French king in Asia, conquered Acon: where was kenled between king richard and Philip king of France, a grievous displeasure. For which cause Philip shortly after departed thence, and coming into France, invaded the country of Normandye: and excited also john the brother of king richard, to take on him the kingdom of England in his brother's absence. Celestine the iii of that name, bishop of Rome vi years viii months. The bishop of Rome gave Constance, the daughter of William king of Sicily, to Henry the emperor: by which means Sicily became subject to him. About this time the emperor was occupied in war in Puel. Saphandinus expelling his kinsmen was made soul day of Egypt. King richard of England restored to the christians the city of joppes: and in many battles put the Turks to great sorrow. War between the cities of Venice and Pisa. William bishop of Elie, to whom king Richard had committed the governance of England, The year of the world 5153 The year of Christ 1192 practised much cruelty, and used to ride with a thousand horses: whereby he grieved the places 〈◊〉 the which he sojourned. King richard exchanged Cypress with guy of Lesingham for the kingdom of Jerusalem. Wherefore the king of England a long time after was called king of Jerusalem. King richard, having knowledge, that Philip of France invaded Normandye, and that john his brother by his counsel aspired to his kingdom: made peace with the Turks for iii years, The year of the world 5154 The year of Christ 1193 Anni regum Angli 5 and with a small company returning whomward by Thrace, traitorously was taken prisoner, by the Duke of ostrich, and brought to Henry the emperor: & there kept in straight prison a year and .v. months: where it is said, that he slew a lion, and took out his heart. Emericus, king of Hungary, reigned, viii. years. The year of the world 5155 The year of Christ 1194 King richard, paying his ransom of .100000. pounds, was delivered, 〈◊〉 returning to his country, Anni regum Angli 6 made sharp war upon the French king, and john his brother: at which time was fought divers fierce battles, to the great loss of both parts. The Saracens of Africa, with a great navy, Anni regum Angli 7 entered Spain, The year of the world 5156 The year of Christ 1195 took prisoner the king of Castille, subdued the country now called Gravade, which they possessed to the time of Ferdinand, late king of Spain: by whose manhood, policy and prows they were expelled. The year of the world 5157 The year of Christ 1196 Peace between richard of England and Philip of France for one year, Anni regum Angli 8 and john submitted himself to his brother. The year of the world 5158 The year of Christ 1167 The sect of Cross friars began first. The war was renewed between Richard and Philip, The year of the world 5159 The year of Christ 1198 in the which either of them sped diversly. Anni regum Angli 9 Henry the emperor sent an army to aid the Christians in Asia, under the guiding of the bishop of Mensae, Anni regum Angli 10 and the Duke of Saxony: which the next year following, hearing of the emperors death, returned toward their country. Azo of Bononie a lawyer: Thebit, an astronomeis: Kimhi the jew, and Papias a grammarian, were famous. Innocent the third, bishop of Rome xviii years. He first compelled men to auricular confession, and forbade the sacrament to be ministered to the laitee under both kinds. And with all endeavour was against the emperor Philip. The Saracens won from the Christians the city joppes and exercised great cruelty toward them. The year of the world 5160 The year of Christ 1199 Anni regum Angli 11 A league was made, between the kings of England and France, for .v. years. Philip brother of Henry the last emperor, by the help of the Bohemes, Anni regum Angli 12 saxons, Bavarays, & suevians, The year of the world 5161 The year of Christ 1200 took on him the imperial authority, contrary to the mind of the bishop of Rome: at which time the country of Germany was tormented with most cruel wars, for Innocent the third could in no wise abide this Philip, for displeasure that he had conceived toward him: wherefore he did excommunicate him, and caused the bishop of Coloine and other electors to make Otho emperor: between whom and Philip were fought divers battles. But Philip defended, himself so manly, that by force he held the imperial crown all his life time, maugre both Otho and the bishop: which often times had threatened, that either he would pull from Philip the imperial crown, or else that Philip should take from him his triple Diadem, so meek was this gentle bishop. King richard of England, besieging the castile of Gailarde, was wounded with a quarrel, that was shot from the walie, and thereof died. Anni regum Angli 1 IOhn brother to the above named Richard, was crowned king of England, and reigned xvii years. The year of the world 5162 The year of Christ 1201 Of parsonage he was indifferent, but of a melancholy and angry countenance, he contemned the bishop of Rome's authority, which if he had done constantly with judgement, to the intent to take away superstition, to reform abuses, to pull down idolatry, to set up true religion, to disannul his usurped power, as he seemed to do for covetousness and of a froward mind, undoubtedly he had been worthy high commendation. By his cowardice & slothful negligence the signory of England greatly decayed. Philip king of France (in the quarrel of Arthur Duke of Britain, whom certain of the lords had named king of England) made war upon king john, invaded Normandye, and took from him divers castles and towns: but after many skirmishes, to the loss of both parts, a peace was agreed, which continued no longer time. King Philip of France was cursed by the bishop of Rome, because he would not receive his wife, whom he had repudiated without lawful cause. Alexius by treason deprived his brother Isaac, of the empire of Constantinople, and putting out his eyes, cast him in prison. Alexius the son of Isaac, fled to the Venetians and flemings being as than occupied in war in the borders of Hungary, and desired of them succour: which restored him to his father's empire. But because he was shortly after poisoned, by one M●rtellus, the Venetians and their company besieged Constantinople, expelled the misdoers, and by one consent made Baldwine Earl of Flaunders, emperor. Whereby the empire of Grece came first to the Frenchmen. This Baldwine granted the Venetians all the Islands in the Greek seas. Ladislaus the iii king of Hungary, reigned vi months, and after him Andrea's his uncle .36. years. The king of Scots did homage, and swore to be true liegeman to king john of England. The year of the world The year of Christ 1202 Ilmomaline emperor of the Saracens in Africa, invaded Spain, and with sword and fire destroyed the countrei even to France, at length the kingesof Spain, so vanquished his army, and so sharply pursued him▪ that he held only the countrei of Granade. Odefredus an interpreter of the law, Alsabaravius a physician, Hali aben Ragel an astronomer, Guntherus Ligurinus a poet, and Saxon a grammarian flourished. David a Persian, called also Changius or Guiscan, coming out of the mountains of India with an innumerable multitude, invaded the Perthians Armenians and Medes, he was the first emperor of the Tratarians. In yorkshire▪ were seen .v. moons: one in the East, Anni regum Angli 3 another in the West, The year of the world 5164 The year of Christ 1203 the third in the North, the fourth in the South, and the .v. in the mids of the element. The next year followed a sharp winter, and hail fell as big as hens eggs, wherewith men, cat-tail, & fruit, were greatly hurt. Philip of France invaded Normandye, and took divers castles & towns, which he gave to Arthur Duke of Britain. But shortly after the same Arthur, with many other noble men, were taken prisoners by king john, and led into England. Philip of France ceased not two or three years, continually to make war upon the Duchy of Normandye, Anni regum Angli 4 The year of the world 5165 The year of Christ 1204 till at the last he subdued the same to his dominion, with the provinces of Guyan poitiers and Britain: which before parteined to the crown of England King john sailed into Normandy, where he warred in the borders of France. But of his victories is little written. Innocent bishop of Rome, set abroad many decrees among the which were: that as often as princes fell at variance, the correction and amendment thereof should pertain to the bishop of Rome: and that he only should be counted emperor, which was crowned with the imperial Diadem by the Roman bishop. Uariance began between king john and the bishop of Rome, for the admission of Stephene Langhton, whom Innocent by false means had caused to be chosen bishop of Canturburie. Dominike and Frances, perceiving that bishops, priests and monks (being as lords of the world) were even more to maintain war with princes, then to teach the word of god, professed to forsake wholly the world, and give them only to preaching. Whose holy pretenced purpose, their followers in process of time turned to most devilish superstition. Philip the emperor, when he had in divers battles vanquished his enemies, Anni regum Angli 5 besieged Coloine, The year of the world 5156 The year of Christ and chased from thence Otho, which fled to king john of England his uncle. The bishop of Rome denounced king john with his whole realm a cursed, Anni regum Angli 6 The year of the world 5157 because he would not admit Stephene Langhton to the bishopric of Canturburie. The year of Christ 1206 But he little regarded his fulmynation, and obeyed him nothing the rather. At this time in Southff. a fish was taken like to a man, and was kept living vi months after upon the land with raw flesh and fish. Agreement made between the bishop of Rome and Philip the emperor. King Philip of France, subdued to him the country of Normandy, The year of the world 5168 The year of Christ 1207 Anni regum Angli 7 which since the time of Charles the simple that is the space of. 30● years was not in the possession of the kings of France The year of Christ 1128 About th' is time the Irishmen, Anni regum Angli 8 and shortly thereupon the Welshemen rebelled: The year of the world 5169 whom king john constrained to redeem peace with great sums of money. Henry emperor of Constantinople, augmented the empire of Grece. Philip emperor of Almain was murdered by the treason of the earl of Palatine. The year of Christ 1129 Oath, a duke of the saxons, Anni regum Angli 9 was made emperor and crowned with the imperial Diadem by Innocent bishop of Rome. The year of the world 5170 The Venetians subdued Corcyra, Mothonum, Coronu●, and many other islands. King john sailed into Normandy, where after certain sayrmishes, he made peace with Philip of France, for ii years. The mayors and sheriffs began first in the city of London. The year of Christ 1210 Otho the emperor invaded certain cities, Anni regum Angli 10 which Innocent the bishop, The year of the world 5171 affirmed to pertain to the church of Rome. Wherefore he excommunicated the emperor and deprived him of all imperial authority, causing the electors to choose Friderich king of Sicily, and nephew to Fridericus Barbarossa The year of Christ Ppilip king of France made war upon Fernande Duke of Flaunders, The year of the world Anni regum Angli 11 because he allied him with king john of England. The welshemen rebelling were brought in subjection. The Englishmen which were sent by king john to aid the earl of Flaunders, chased the frenchmen, and in the haven of Scluse, compassed & took their whole navy of ●hips, which was in noumbre .1020. sail. The year of the world 5173 The year of Christ 1212 ¶ Frederich the second, king of Sicily, Anni regum Angli 12 and Duke of Suave, after that Otho was expelled by the bishop, was ordained emperor, and reigned .23. years Though this man was endued with many noble and princely virtues, and tendered the wealth of the empire exceedingly, yet was he vexed with most shameful injuries by the bishops of Rome, which in his time most abundantly declared their outrageous envy, pride and malice. This Friderike was skilful in divers languages. as in Greek Latin, Almain, and the Saracens tongue, he favoured good letters excellently▪ and furthered much the study thereof. By his procurement the Almagest of Ptolemy was translated out of the Saracens tongue into Latin, whereby the knowledge of astronomy, which of long time▪ no man had professed in Europe, was called again to light. He warred first against Othy his predecessor, by the counsel of the Roman bishop, but in the end he received the same reward that other did before him. Gazari, Patareni, Leoniste, Almaricus Carnot●nsys and many other heretics were in these days. Anni regum Angli 13 King john of England being overset in war by Philip of France, The year of the world 5174 The year of Christ 1213 submitted him to the bishop of Rome by whom among other things he was bounden, that as well he as his heirs should ever after be feudaries to the see of Rome, and pay for yearly tribute. 1000 marks. and moreover to hold the title of the crown, by the bishops of Rome, here may you see that the bishops of Rome in their so often cursings, did not covet to reconcile the souls of men to god, but to subdue princes to their tyranny, but this injunction was not kept, at anytyme by the kings of this realm. Friderich the emperor made league with Philip of France. Anni regum Angli 14 The year of the world 5175 The year of Christ At Tourney a cruel battle was fought, between Otho late emperor, and Philip of France (in the quarrel of king john of England) where the two princes encountered each other so fiercely, that they were both unhorsed, but in the end, Otho forsook the field, and Ferraunde Erie of Flaunders, Reignold of Bol●ine, and 28. other men of name, were taken prisoners. Shortly after entreaty of peace was made between the kings of England and France. Anni regum Angli 15 A synod holden at Rome, The year of the world 5176 The year of Christ wherein communication was had for the recovery of Jerusalem. Alexander succeeded William in the kingdom of scotland, and reigned .34. years. At the beginning of king Henrys reign in England. was variance between this Alexander of scotland and him, but after, they were allied by marriage. ¶ Peter was emperor of Constantinople .v. years, he came to Rome and was anointed of the bishop. Shortly after he besieged the city Dyrachi●●, & despering to obtain it, entreated a peace with Theodorus Duke of Epirus, who not withstanding his promise, laid privy wait in the woods of Tempe, where he took the emperor and cast him in prison, after which time joles' the wife of Peter governed the west empire. Great strife and variance happened in England between king john & the nobles and commons of his realm, The year of the world 5177 The year of Christ 1219 Anni regum Angli 19 because he would not use the laws of▪ S. Edward, & other ancient liberteis, which the people required, whom the king had divers times appeased with fair words and promises, but because the lords perceived them to come to small effect, they pursued him so hartlie, that he was glad to send for aid to Flaunders, and in like manner the nobles with their allies sent for Lewis the son of Philip of France, and him saluted as king, and maineteyned in war against king john, to the great hurt of this realm of England. During the time of this war king john ended his life. Honorius bishop of Rome ten years vii months. He chose johannes de Columna a cardinal, to be sovereign captain of the wars into As●a, who sped him thitherward with the soldiers, that bishop Innocent had prepared for that purpose. There went with him And●ew● king of Hu●garie. Henrye Duke of Niverna, Gulth●●rus chamberlain to the french king, which ioygning their puissance with the king of Jerusalem, besieged Damas' in Egypt sometime called Heliopolis. The order of our ladies soldiers began first in Arragon AFter the disease of john, Henry his son, Anni regum Angli 1 of the age of ix years (by the counsel of William Duke of Gloucester, The year of the world 5179 The year of Christ and the Earls of Penbroke and Chester) was proclaimed king of England. These noble men before mentioned with their retinue, kept sharp war with Lewis the french kings son, and his affinity, who by the covenants made before with the Englishmen claimed the crown, but after certain skirmishes and battles, Lewis somewhat more inclined to peace, which sadly was concluded, and he departed hence into France. Than was Henry confirmed in the kingdom, who coming to just age, waxed strong & mighty of body, and of meetly comely parsonage, of nature gentle, of mind more sage and wise than valiant and hardy, liberal toward the poor. In his time he ordained many laws to the great commodity of this realm, and reigned .56. years. Ranulph Duke of Chester took his journey toward the holy land. The city Damyata in Egypt was taken of the christians after long siege. Anni regum Angli 2 The year of the world The year of Christ 1219 Robert the son of Peter was ordained emperor of Constantinople, Anni regum Angli 3 and reigned vii years. The year of the world 5181 The year of Christ 1220 In Thuscia, two earls possessed certain cities belonging to the empire, which when Friderich by force of arms, had recovered, the two earls fled to Honorius bishop of Rome, who commanded Friderych to restore to them their cities, which thing when he denied, the bishop denounced him accursed, and forbade him the communion with the faithful, saying, that those cities belonged to the church of Rome. Hoccota Can, the second emperor of the Tartarians. he vanquished the Turks, his three sons invaded Persia, India, and Cumania. King Henry of England began to build our lady church in Westminster. The Christians in Egypt, being brought in great jeopardy, Anni regum Angli 4 by the policy of the Souldayne, The year of the world 5182 The year of Christ 1221 restored to him the city Damyata, and making a peace, returned into Europe. The Tartarians (a people of Scythia, after many other countries of the east, subdued to them Georgiana & the greater Armenia, and then passing the mountains called Riphei, invaded Polonia, and Hungary. They in short space conquered so many countries, that their prince for his large pessessions was called the great Cahan. Alexander king of Scots married johan the sister of king Henrye of England. A proclamation made throughout England, to avoid strangers because one Fonkes de Brent held the castle of bedford against the kings will. At the same time appeared a blazing star, and much hurt was done by thunder, lightning and earthquakes, and many uncought and strange sights were seen. Robert emperor of Constantinople, married a maiden which before was fiaunced to a noble man of Burgoin wherewith the burgonion being greatly moved, The year of the world 5183 The year of Christ Anni regum Angli 5 entered by violence into the emperors palace, and cut of the maidens nose, and cast her mother into the sea. john king of jerusalem came to Rome, and gave his daughter in marriage to Friderich th'emperor giving for her dower the title of the kingdom of jerusalem, for which cause the kings of Sicily to this day be written kings of Jerusalem. A counsel holden at Oxenford, of the bishops of England, where a certain man was condemned, which taught, that he was jesus christ, and to confirm the same, he showed the tokens of wounds in his hands, body and feet. About this time Gilesbie Ros rebelled against Alexander king of Scots, and was subdued and slain with his two sons by the earl of Buchqhame, whom the king sent against him. The grey friars of the order of Francis came first into England. The year of the world 5184 The year of Christ 1223 Friderich the emperor, Anni regum Angli 6 which was excommunicated by the bishop of Rome, caused his son to be made partaker of the empire. john king of jerusalem, took in marriage Beringaria, the daughter of the king of Spain. The men of Caithnes in Scotland▪ burned their bishop because he cursed them for not paying their tithes, for which deed the king did hang four hundred of the chief doers, gelded their children, & disherited the earl. A conspiraty was made against king Henry of England by one Constantine in the city of London, for the which he was drawn and hanged the morrow after. Lewis the eight (or after some the ninth) was made king of France after his father, Anni regum Angli 7 The year of the world 5185 The year of Christ 1234 and reigned four years. He made league with Friderich th'emperor where by the name of brotherhood was renewed between the Frenchmen and germans. Anni regum Angli 8 The lords and gentlemen of England first granted to king Henry the ward and marriage of their heirs. The year of the world 5186 The year of Christ Anni regum Angli 9 Richard the brother of king Henrye, The year of the world 5187 The year of Christ 1226 overcame the Frenchmen, recovered poitiers▪ and kept the Gascons in due obedience. Robert emperor of Grece ended his life in Achaia. Gregory the ix was bishop of Rome xiiii years. He was a man inflate with pride, and for certain vain causes (as witnesseth the abbot of Ursberge) again excommunicated the emperor Friderich. Ferdinand king of Arragon, expelling the Saracens out of the city Ualencia, Anni regum Angli 10 The year of the world 5188 The year of Christ 1227 and the isle called Maiorica, reduced them to the faith of Christ. Lewes' king of France won certain castles in the country of poitiers, and shortly after took and spoiled the city avignon, which for the heresy of the Albigenses was cursed of the bishop of Rome the space of seven years. ¶ Baldwine the ii being yet a child, was made emperor of Grece, to whom, because he was not of sufficient age, john burn king of jerusalem was appointed as a tutor and governor. The bishop of Rome made john king of jerusalem Duke of Romandiola, and lord of Ravenna. Anni regum Angli 11 Lewis the ix and son to Lewis the last king began his dominion over France, The year of the world The year of Christ 1228 who for his youth was of divers thought unmeet to take on him so great a charge, but by the help of his mother Blanch he quieted his enemies, and reigned xliii years. The abbot of Ursburge an historiographer & Petrus de Uineis a lawyer were famous. Anni regum Angli 12 Friderich the emperor took his viage toward Asia, The year of the world 5190 The year of Christ 1229 where he behaved him so knightly that he recovered jerusalem and divers other cities, which he repaired and fortified, and than made peace with the Soldan for x years. King Henrye of England sailed with an army into Britain against Lewis king of France, The year of the world 5191 The year of Christ 1230 Anni regum Angli 13 where after spoiling of the country a peace was concluded between the two young princes. The year of the world 5192 The year of Christ 1231 Notwithstanding the great villainy that Gregory bishop of Rome had showed to Friderich the emperor as well by invading his lands while he was absent▪ Anni regum Angli 14 and spreading a false rumour of his death in Asia, as also in rejecting his loving letters, and publishing him to be an enemy of Christian religion, an d no less to be hated than a Sarasen or Turk. Yet ceased not this gentle prince at his return to entreat means of concord, which he could not obtain until he had paid to the bishop in the of penance .120000. ounces of gold, and than was he again proclaimed emperor of almain, & king of Sicily. Blondus, Platine, Sabellicus and other Italian historiographers, cast all the fault upon the emperor, and make him worst of all men. But the abbot of Ursberge, which was in those days, showeth the pride avarice, and stubborn frowardness of the Roman bishop. Uariaunce chanced between the students of Paris & the citizens, in so much that the scholars were minded to have departed from the city. A great dissension and ruffling between the bishop of Rome and the citizens for their ancient liberties, customs and governance of their city, whereof ye may read in Blondus, De inclinatione Romani imperii. the vii book by what means the bishop extorted from them their liberties. The Welshmen about this time rebelled. Great harm was done in the city of London with fire. The year of the world The year of Christ 1232 Anni regum Angli 15 Uariance kindled between king Henry of England and his lords, The year of the world 5194 The year of Christ 1233 Anni regum Angli 16 because he put from his service English men, and trusted strangers as well in his counsel as other offices near about him. The city Uerona came again to the obedience of the emperor. Theobalde of Campaine was king of Naverre. The emperor returned the iii time into Germany and warred in Ostrich against the Hungares, where he took Macheria, Gaza, and Uienna, which he ordained to be the imperial city, and there made his son Chunrade Cesar. Edward of Pountnay was ordained bishop of Canturbury. Anni regum Angli 18 King Henry began the foundation of. S. john's hospital in Oxenford. The year of the world 5196 The year of Christ 1235 In this year fell very unseasonable weather of thunder, lightning▪ and earthquakes, whereof ensued a famine and pestilence. King Henry put from him the strangers, and received the English men to their offices. The Irishmen rebelled. The jews dwelling in Norwych were accused for steling of a child, whom they purposed to crucify. Friderich the emperor married Isabella the sister of king Henry of England. King Henry took to wife Elenour the daughter of the Earl of Province. Anni regum Angli 19 The year of the world 5197 The year of Christ 1236 In England appeared as it were hosts of men fight in the element. The statute of Merton was first enacted▪ or after some in the thyrteth year of this king Henry. Anni regum Angli 20 The year of the world 5198 The year of Christ 1237 Theobalde king of Navarre, Almarith earl of Mountfort, Henry earl of Campaine, with a great multitude of soldiers went into Asia, where at the beginning they went forward prosperously, and gathered much praise: but in the end between Ptolomais and Gaza they were vanquished of the Turks, and a great noumbre slain. Milan and certain other famous cities of Italy rebelled against the emperor, which he vanished and brought in due obeisance. And therefore was again cursed of Gregory, and proclaimed an heretic. Which thing caused great trouble in italy. Deadly war between the city of Gean, and the Venetians, for the isle of Crete. ¶ Bela the four succeeded his father Andrew in the kingdom of Hungary, and reigned. 3●. years. The Venetians overcame certain Grecians, which had beclipped the city of Constantinople with a hard siege. The year of the world 5199 The year of Christ 1233 The Rhodes became subject to Venice. Anni regum Angli 21 At the university of Paris it was concluded, that no priest under pain of deadly sin could have ii benefices. The year of the world 5200 A clerk of Oxenford, or more verily a certain soldier feigning himself mad, The year of Christ 1239 Anni regum Angli 22 enterprised to have slain king Henry of England, but he was taken & put to death The year of the world 5201 The year of Christ 1240 Parts were taken in Italy for the emperor and the bishop of Rome, they which favoured the bishop, Anni regum Angli 23 were called Guelphi, the other Gibelini, of which dissension rose most cruel and deadly wars. For the bishop promised eternal life to all them, that fought against the emperor, and desired help of the englishmen and frenchmen. He called also a general counsel▪ wherein he deprived the emperor of his authority, and ordained, Salue regina, etc. and that bells should be rung at the consecration of the sacrament, and to the praise of our Lady, with such other jolly things. The emperor took ii cardinals, and kept them in prison at Amalphia, he subdued Ravenna, and the sienneses came to his part. The year of the world 5202 The year of Christ 1241 After the death of Gregory Colestinus was bishop of Rome xviii days, Anni regum Angli 24 and than was the see of Rome void xxi. months. The great Cahan prince of the Tartarians, after he had won from the Turks much of the east lands, with an arm of 500000. men, invaded Hungary, with whom Be lafoy their king encountering, was vanquished, and fled into Dalmacia. Than the Tartarians conquered Uacia, Uaradinum, Stridoniam, with other places & so destroyed the country with sword and fire, that the inhabitants were constrained for hunger to eat their own children, which cruelty continued three years, And at the last the heathen Pagaines being forced with ●emyne, were feign to depart out of the country. james king of Arragon. Friderich the emperor subdued to him Favercia Parma, Bononia, and transferred the students from Bononia to Padua. Henry king of England subdued the Welshemen which oftentimes rebelled. Baldwine emperor of Constantinople, and Raimunde Earl of Tolows, Anni regum Angli 29 coming into Italy, The year of the world 5203 The year of Christ 1242 obtained of Friderich that the ii cardinals, which he kept in prison might be set at liberty. Aldermen first chosen in the city of London. Anni regum Angli King Henry of England, The year of the world 5204 The year of Christ 1243 by the stering of a Frencheman named Earl of March, sailed into Normandy with a fair company, purposing to recover poitiers, Fuyan and other countries: but after many bakerynges somewhat to the loss of the Englishmen, Henrye found means of peace, which was concluded for the space of, v. years. Innocent the four being ordained bishop of Rome fled to Lions in France for fear of Friderich emperor where he called a counsel. This man gave red hats first to the cardinals. Henry the first, was king of Spain ii years, being but a child. He married his kinswoman the kings daughter of Portugal, and died as he was playing with children by the falling of his throat Ferdinand the fourth, a man of great nobleness, The year of the world 5205 The year of Christ 1244 was king of Spain xii years. Anni regum Angli He conquered well near all Spain from the dominion of the Saracens. Gino Can the iii emperor of the Tartarians, under him Batho vanquisshinge the Scythes, made his royal seat in Cathay. Anni regum Angli 28 The Tartarians overran Asia, called Georgiana, and after that invaded Armenia, & entered even to Iconium, The year of the world 5206 The year of Christ 1245 the royal palace of the king of Turks. another company of the Tartarians, under their leader Bato, with most cruel invasions, wasted the country of Polony Hungary, Russia, Gasa, and with great tyranny afflicted the same. At Tollet in Spain a jew digging in the ground to enlarge his vinyeard▪ found a hollow stone, wherein was a book of the bigness of a psalter, written in greek, latin and hebrewe: the matter whereof was of iii worlds to come, and declared the coming of Christ to be the beginning of the third, which was expressed in this manner. In the beginning of the third world the son of god shallbe borne of a maid. By occasion of this book, the jew was turned to the faith of Christ. The year of the world 5207 The bishop of Rome assembling a counsel at Lions excommunicated Friderich the emperor, The year of Christ 1246 Anni regum Angli 29 and deprived him of all imperial authority, commanding that he should no more be called Cesar. The emperor committed the governance of Italy and Lombardy to his son Eu●ius, king of Sardinia, and then besieged Parma: which he took and destroyed, and builded a new city in the same place called Uictoria. About this time was a terrible earthquake in England and in France. Grossioni, a people of Arabia, by the steering of the Soldan of Babylon, The year of the world 5208 The year of Christ 1247 Anni regum Angli 30 cruelly afflicted the christians in all Asia, and used most spiteful villainy toward the sepulchre of Christ in jerusalem. The electors of Germany hearing of the deposition of Friderich, ordained the Lanthgrave of Thuring to be king of Romans: who shortly after deceased and then they chose William earl of holland. At this time were many preachers in Suevia, which sharply rebuked the abuses of the bishop of Rome, and his cardinals, & namely his false & usurped Pardons. The year of the world 5209 The new city Uictoria was taken, spoiled and destroyed by the friends of the bishop of Rome, The year of Christ 1248 Anni regum Angli 31 and the emperor Friderich chased. Lewis the French king departed fro Paris in his journey toward the holy land, with many other nobles and bishops of France. Shortly after his arrival he brought to his subjection the city Damyet of Egypt. Friderich notwithstanding the bishop of Rome's cursing, subdued well near all italy, except a few cities which favoured his enemies. King Henry of England seized the franchesses' of the city of London for a judgement given against a widow named Margaret Uyell: But shortly after they were restored. ¶ Alexander the third ix years of age, succeeded his father in the kingdom of scotland, and reigned. 3●. years. He had perpetual amytee with the kings of England. Anni regum Angli 33 Friderich ordained manfred, his bastard son, The year of the world 5211 The year of Christ 1250 prince of Tarentum: Ehunrade his son by his wife jole, he ordained his heir, and shortly therapon paid his debt to nature in P●ell. Some write, that he was p●●soned, and not unlike: for the blessed fathers thought them never in quiet, until they had dispatched that good emperor out of life. After which time italy was still divided into the factions of the Guelphs and Gibelynes. In Italy blood issued out of bread, as out of wounds fleshly cut, Anni regum Angli 34 and bloody clouds appeared. The year of the world 5212 The year of Christ 1251 Lewis king of France▪ intending to besiege Babylon, by sickness and other maladies, lost a great part of his army, and in the end was himself taken prisoner of the Soldan, with his ii brethren Charles and Robert, the Earl of poitiers, the Earl of Angeow▪ the Earl of Flaunders, the Duke of Britain, the Earl of Scisons, which were all delivered upon a great ransom. In France a company of young men (naming themselves shepherds) vowed to restore their king to liberty: but for the whoredom and robbing that they used, the people of the country about the dead se●, set upon them, slew their captains, & dispersed that simple fellowship. Chunrade the son of Friderich, took on him, the kingdom of Puell. He was cursed also by the bishop of Rome. james king of Arragon, by the aid of Ferdinand king of Castille, Anni regum Angli 35 subdued the isles called Beleares. The year of the world 5213 The year of Christ Mango Can the fourth emperor of the Tartarians. Chuarade king of Puell was poisoned by his brother manfred, who was suspected also for the death of his father King Henry of England married his daughter Mary to Alexander king of Scots, and received homage of the same Alexander, for the realm of scotland. The Augustine friars began to inhabit in Wales. About this time the Tartaryans, under their king Mango or Metho, received the faith of christ, and after made sharp war upon the Turks, & took from them many countries. Accursius that made gloss on the law, Compostellanus and Ostiec●is that wrote on the decrees. Bertrucius a physician, Uincent an hystoryographer, Alexander Gallus a grammaryan, and Stanslay the holy bishop were famous. Anni regum Angli 36 Lewis king of france returned out of Asia into his country. The year of the world 5214 The year of Christ 1253 Alexander the four was bishop of Rome vii years. He was so much occupied in maintaining the civil wars betweenes the Guelphs and Gybelynes, that he sent abroad preachers to steer men against the Gibelines, to the great disturbance of all Italy. He excommunicated also manfred the son of Frideryche. Nails yielded to the bishop. The Gibelines were driven out of their country. The Florentines vanquished the Pisanes, and subdued Uolate●ra The year of the world 5215 The year of Christ 1254 manfred found means, Anni regum Angli 37 that he was proclaimed and crowned king of Sicily. The year of the world 5216 The year of Christ 1255 Alphons king of Castille, gave Elenour his daughter in marriage to prince Edward, Anni regum Angli 38 the son of king Henry of England: to whom his father gave the principate of UUales, and governance of Gulan and Ireland. UUherof began first, that the kings of England ordained their eldest sons, princes of UUales. Alphons the ix and son of Ferdynande was king of Castille xxviii years. About this time certain noble men of the house of Cumminges, rebelled against the king in Scotland, and held him in prison a certain time. Uariaunce between the electors of Germany for the emperor, The year of the world The year of Christ 1256 part named Alphons king of Castille, Anni regum Angli part richard the brother of king Henrye of England: but because neither of them was received by the whole empire: the imperial authority was counted zoide the space of xvii years. The king of Scots, 〈◊〉 his queen, came into England. divers lords of Almain came into England, and did homage to sir richard earl of Cornwall, and the kings brother: who upon ascension day after, was crowned king of Romans at Aquisgrane, Anni regum Angli 40 The year of the world 5218 The year of Christ by the bishop of Coloine and other of his friends. King Henry went into UUales to subdue Lewline, which with his UUelshemen rebelled against him and his son prince Edward. Albertus Magnus, Thomas Aquine, Bonaventure, and Peter Hispanus were famous. Anni regum Angli 41 The year of the world The year of Christ Great variance between king Henrye and the Londyners, in so much that the Mayor, Aldermen, and sheriffs were deprived of their offices, and the governance of the city committed to certain persons of the kings appointing. The sect of. S. Augustine's armites' begins. For so much as king Henry had promised oftentimes the restitution of certain ancient laws and ordinances, which were more easy and commodious to his people, and by his long delay brought nothing to effect, the lords of England began to murmur and grudge against him: wherefore to appease their malice he held a parliament at Oxenford, which was after called the mad parliament, because many things were therein enacted against the kings prerogative: which proved after to the confusion of the realm, and death of many noble men. For the confirmation of these acts were chosen xii peers called Douze peers▪ which had authority to correct the breakers of their ordinances. These peers transposed and altered many things according to their own pleasure, greatly to the discontenting of the kings mind, and disquieting of the whole realm, as in the English histories doth appear. richard the kings brother returned out of Almain into England. Anni regum Angli 42 The year of the world 5220 The year of Christ manfred fortified the city of Sends with a great garrison against the bishop of Rome, Ecelinus, which favoured the Gibelines, vanquished the bishops army, and took his legate. Brixia was given up to Ec●linus. Deadly war between the Venetians and Genoese for the possession of a church in the city of Ptolomais in Ph●nicia. guy duke of Florentia. The year of the world 5221 The year of Christ The Florentines favouring the part of the Gnelphes went part of them to Luke, part to Bononi, Anni regum Angli 43 and forsook their own city: which shortly after being inhabited with a few indifferent persons, was brought in the subjection of manfred and the Gi●elines, and fortified with their fa●●ours. This fashion of Guelphs and Gibelines continued in Italy almost to our time. Michael Paleolo●us, a noble man of Grece, deprived William of his principate of Achaia, and by the help of the Genowais navy, took Constantinople, slew Baldwine the emperor, put to death the son of Theodorus Uattaris, and usurped the imperial authority xxxv years. The Venetians overcame the Genowais at Ptolomais, and took xxiiii of their ships and galleys King Henry of England, fearing some rebellion of his nobles, went into France, and there concluded a final peace on this condition, that Normandye, Angeowe and Cenomanna, should ever after be in the possession of the frenchmen, and the king of England to have guian, and that Lewis should give to king Henry for his expenses in war .150000. crowns and for yearly tribute a .100000. after which peace finished: the king returned into England Deadly war between the bishop of Argentine and the citisyns, wherein the bishop himself fought manfully like a valiant champion. All the country of Hetrucia was brought under the subjection of manfred, and the Guelphs expelled. Anni regum Angli 44 The year of the world The year of Christ 1261 About this time mortal war was reared between Alphons king of Castille, and Richard the kings brother of England, because they both affected the empire of Germany. Alphons suspecting the treason of his two brethren, Henry and Friderich expelled them out of his reelme: of the which the tone fled into Africa, the t'other into France, intending to excite the people of both those nations to invade Castille. Urbane the fourth was bishop of Rome iii years. He first ordained the feast of Corpus Christi, with great plontie of pardon. Anni regum Angli 45 King Henry of England pulished at Ponles cross the bishop of Rome's absolution for him and all his that were sworn to maintain the articles made in the parliament holden at Oxenford, The year of the world The year of Christ 1262 for which cause the Barones' of England began to utter their malice, which they had long before conceived against the king, and caused an insurrection, that continued iii years. The Barones' of England armed them against their king, Anni regum Angli 46 The year of the world 5224 The year of Christ and all this year hovered about London and other places, without any notable act of rebellion, saving that they rob and spoiled alianes, and certain other persons, whom they knew to be against their purpose. Urbane bishop of Rome obtained of the French king that his brother Charles the earl of Angeowe and province, might come into Italy with an army against Manfrede, where the said Charles was proclaimed king of Sicily and Naples: by which means that kingdom came first to the Frenchmen. This year was an exceeding dearth in Scotland, whereof A●ho king of Norway and Denmark took occasion to invade the lands of scotland, to the great terror of the king and the whole realm: but not long after at Largesse he was discomfited in a great battle, and lost xxv. thousand of his men, with all his ships, saving four. Anni regum Angli 47 Five hundred jews were slain by the citizens of London because one jew would have forced a christian man to pay more than two pennies for the usury of twenty s. for a week. The year of the world 5225 The year of Christ 1264 After the death of Acho, Magnus reigned among the Danes. Hugh Le Spenser with the citizens of London, spo●led and burnt the manoures' of Richard the kings brother, which hither to had been a great stay of the war between the king and his nobles. near to Lewis, king Henry and his Barones' fought a cruel battle, in the which he himself, with Richard his brother king of Romans, sir Edward his son, and other noble men to the numbered of xxv. were taken: and of the commons were slain above .20000. The king▪ and his brother, were delivered upon firm promise made to perform the acts of the forenamed m●dde parliament: for surety whereof prince Edward remained as pledge. Uenceslaus the fourth king of Boheme. Clement bishop of Rome iii years ix. months. Debate and variance between Simon Mountforte earl of Leicester, The year of the world The year of Christ 1265 Anni regum Angli 48 and Gilbert de Clare earl of Gloucester, the chief captains of the Barones': which turned to their great evil. For prince Edward, being now set at liberty, allied him with the Earl of Gloucester, and gathering to him a great power, warred so fiercely upon Simon of Leicester, that in the end, he and Hugh Spenser, with many other of the nobles were slain in battle And the same year was holden a parliament at Winchester: where all the statutes made before at Oxenford, were foredone, and all writings made for the confirmation of the same canceled and broken. The city of London was in great danger to have been utterly destroyed by the king, for great ●re and displeasure, that he had kindled toward it, because of the forenamed commotion. This year was such infinite noumbre of worms in all parts of scotland, that flowers, herbs, leaves, and fruits of trees, were consumed therewith. manfred in Italy was vanquished & slain by Charles the French kings brother, who took possession of the kingdom of Sicily and Boneaent, and for the same became feudary to the Roman bishop, and paid to him yearly tribute. By daily suit and labour of friends to king Henrye for the Londoners, The year of the world The year of Christ 1266 he lastly granted his pardon. Anni regum Angli 49 But so that they should give to him for all transgressions and offences the sum of .20000. marks, and than to receive again their liberties. King Henry besieged the castle of Kenelworth, which Henry hastings defended against him the space of half a year, and than gave it up into his hands. Chunradinus Duke of Suave, the son of Chunrade, and nephew of Friderich, and right have as well to the imperial cro wne as to the kingdom of Sicily, came with a huge army into Italy to recover his father's kingdom of Sicily, which the Roman bishop bade wrongfully given to Charles the Frencheman. The old franches and liberties of London, with a new grant for the shire of Midleser, Anni regum Angli The year of the world 5228 The year of Christ 1267 were confirmed by a parliament at Northhampton: where also many noble men, that had taken part with the Barones', were disherited of their lands: and therefore fled to Eli●. Friderich the kings brother of Spain, which was banished his coun●trey came out of Africa with a great company of Saracens, and arrived in the sea costs of Sicily, where in the quarrel of Chunradine, he subdued the whole island, saving three cities called Panormus, Siracuse and Messana. Banducar or Bendago soldan of Egypt, overcame the christians. The Genowais spoiled & wasted a city of Crete called Canea. The gentlemen of England, which fled to Ely, The year of the world 5229 The year of Christ rob & did much harm to the countrei next adioigning. Anni regum Angli 51 Chunrade the Duke of Sucuia, which in the beginning of his wars had prosperous success in Italy, encountering with Charles, was vanquished and taken: toward whom the bishop of Rome used much espiteful villainy. In him ceased the Dukes of Suevia. Anni regum Angli 52 Gilbert de Clare, earl of Gloncester, for unknown displeasure, aliing himself with the exiled gentlemen, The year of the world 5230 The year of Christ 1269 & other nobles of England, rose against the king: & held the city of London: but by the diligent labour of sir Richard king of Romans, and the bishop of Reins, an agreement was made between the king and him. The bishops see of Rome by mean of a dissension between the cardinals, was void the space of ii years. Uariaunce between the fellowships of goldsmiths and tailors of London, Anni regum Angli 53 caused great ruffling in the cite, The year of the world 5231 The year of Christ 1270 and many men to be slain, for which riot xiii of the chief captains were reigned, cast, and hanged. Aleine S●uch was discharged of his mairaltee by the king, and St●phene Edw●rth made constable of the tower, and custoes of the city. The disherited gentlemen were reconciled to the king. Lewis king of France and his three sons, Philip, john, and Peter, with a great navy sailed into Africa against the Saracens: where by his policy and manhood they took the city of Thunes: but by reason of the unwholesome country, a pestilence infected his host, of the which the king himself died. The river Thames was so hard frozen from the feast of S. Andrew to Candelmas, The year of the world 5132 The year of Christ 1271 Anni regum Angli 54 that men and beasts passed over on foot from Lambeth to Westminster. The city of London with the revenues was given to prince Edward. Gregory the ten was bishop of Rome iii years. War between the Venetians and people of Bononie. Philip, the son of S. Lewis, king of France reigned xu years. Othacarus the .v. king of Boheme: he was a valiant prince, a man of great prows, and desirous of war: whom neither counsel sailed in dangerous enterprises, nor courage in adversity and misfortune. By his wife Margaret he was Duke of Ostrich. When the electors proffered to make him emperor, he refused it saying, that it was a greater thing to be king of Boheme, than emperor of Rome. At his entre he warred upon Bela king of Hungary, and him vanquished, and wan the province of Stiria. The year of the world 5233 The year of Christ 1272 Prince Edward of England, sailing into Asia, against the Infideles by his policy and manly acts so demeaned himself, Anni regum Angli 55 that oftentimes he put the Turks to great shame & disworship: for despite whereof they subourned a false Sarasen, by whose treason he was put in great danger as his life. For he was wounded with a venomous dart, and thereof was sick long after. Ephren a Greek of Constantinople, and Ptolomois of Luke in Italy, historiographers. Stephene the .v. was king of Hungary ii years. He by the aid of the Germans overcame Othacarus king of Boheme, and subdued Buda to his kingdom. The Tartarians conquered and overrode all Persia. At Greenwich beside London, was a lamb yened, having two perfit bodies and but one head. Anni regum Angli 56 The year of the world 5234 The year of Christ 1273 Richard king Henry's brother, and king of Romans, finished his life, and was buried at Hails. A counsel called at Lions in France by Gregory the Roman bishop, against the Grecians, for the proceeding of the holy ghost, and for communication to be had for the recovery of the holy land. Michael emperor of Constantinople, submitted him to the church of Rome. Hulderich king of Carinth, sold his principate of Carinthia, and the countries of Carniola, Marchia, Sclavonie with other, to Othacarus king of Boheme: for which lands was after war between Othacarus and the emperor. Rodulph of ●abishburge, was ordained emperor of Almaigne. This man never received the imperial dya●eme, nor entered into Italy. For he used to recite to his familiars, the fable of the fo●●, that said to the Lion, be was a feared to enter into his den, because he perceived the steps of many beasts going inward, but of none that returned out again. And so (he said) many emperors have entered Italy with great pomp and glory but by the means of the bishop, they returned evil handled with great injuries. At the city of Form●ul●●●n Italy, the Gibelines slew well near .8000. of the Guelphs. King Henry of England departed out of this life. Anni regum Angli 1 EDwarde the first of that name, after the conquest, surnamed Longeshanke, The year of the world 5235 The year of Christ began his reign over this realm of England, and reigned: xxxiiii. years. He was much troubled with the rebellion of the Welshemen▪ and Scots, and also with war in France. Of stature he was taule, and mighty of body, but nothing gross: His eyes were somewhat black, and in time of anger seemed fiery, of so noble and valiant heart that his courage never fainted in most hard and dangerous enterprises, of wit excellent, of great towardness 〈◊〉 apt to every thing that he himself applied. He hated extremely the insolent presumption of priests, which he thought only to rise of abundance of riches: he was a su●e friend, and at idle times much given to hunting He profited greatly his realm with new and wholesome laws, to the redressing of many enormities, and specially of the false dealing of bakers and millers. Ladislaus the fourth was king of Hungary sixteen years. Alexander king of Scots, did his homoge to Edward of England. The year of the world 5236 The year of Christ Anni regum Angli 2 Innocent the .v. was bishop of Rome vi months. Honorius the four fifty days. john the one and twentieth viii months. The bishops see was void vi months. And then Nicholas the third made bishop He wrested from the emperor of Almain, all the country of Bononie & Flaminia, & in the emperors name took from Charles king of Sicily, the governance of H●truria. War between the Venetians and the city Ancon. The year of the world 5237 The year of Christ 1276 King Edward entered again into Wales against Lewline, and forced high m to desire mercy and grace. Anni regum Angli 3 Ladislaus king of Hungary, made war to the people called Comam, and them vanquished. He used him unhonestly toward his wife, keeping other strumpets at his pleasure. The city of Rome was weary of the dominion of their bishops. The statute of Mortmane was first enacted by king Edward. The year of the world 5238 The year of Christ 1277 Anni regum Angli 4 Michael Tony was hanged drawn and quartered for treason. Nicholas bishop of Rome endeavoured to erect ii new kingdoms in Italy for his two nephews. He usurped the power of a senator in Rome, and would suffer none other to be created. Deadly war was reased between Rodulph the emperor, The year of the world The year of Christ and Othacarus king of Boheme, Anni regum Angli 5 which encountering in the fields of ostrich, fought a sore battle, wherein the emperor obtained the victory, and Othacarus was slain. Whose son Albert the emperor gently entreated, and made him Duke of ostrich. Reformation was made in England, for clippinge of the kings coin, Anni regum Angli 6 The year of the world 5240 The year of Christ for which offence .284. jews' were put to execution. Halfepense and farthings were first coined in England. ¶ Uenceslaus was the vi king of Boheme: who for his holiness is numbered among the saints. Dissension in Rome for the election of the bishop. Anni regum Angli 8 Martin the fourth was bishop of Rome four years. The year of the world 5242 The year of Christ In his first year, was borne a child (of a woman that was very familiar with him) all hear●e and armed with claws like to a bear. Whereof when the bishop had knowledge he caused all the images of bears in his palace to be raised out, for a manif●● proof that he was persuaded that such favours as the woman doth conceive in time of her conception, shall be represensed in the child at his birth. Michael Paleologus emperor of Grece, was excommunicated by the Roman bishop, for breaking certain promises that he made in the counsel of Lions. The Saracens vanquished the Scythes and Armenians near to Ganal●, and after great slaughter, wan the city. Peter king of Arragon sailed into Africa with a great navy, and brought from them much riches and pray. He endeavoured also to recover the kingdom of Sicily▪ whereto he made claim by the right of his wife Constance the daughter of manfred. Anni regum Angli 9 David the brother of Lewline prince of Wales unkindly and traitorously excited his brother against king Edward of England. The year of the world 5243 The year of Christ The city of Pis● was destroyed by the Germans Tongader the Tartarian, first received the law of Mahumet. He conquered Babylon by the help of the Armenians. About this time Wilhelmus Placentinus and Taddeus physicians were famous. And likewise Guydo Bonatus an astronomer. The people of Sicily, detesting the pride, avarice, & effeminate wantonness of the Frenchmen, by the counsel of a noble man called john Piochi●●us, in one night slew all them that were within the island, & in like manner was it done in the city of Form●ul●●: shortly after which murder the king of Arragon entered Sicily, and subdued to him a great part of that island. The year of the world 5244 King Edward sent a company of soldiers into Wales, The year of Christ 1283 Anni regum Angli 10 under the ga●ding of the earls of Northumberlande and Surrei, of the which company many were slain, and sir Ro●er Clifford taken prisoner▪ The Welshmen subdued certain castles and holds. Peter king of Arragon, after he had conquered a great part of Sicily, took on him the imperial crown thereof and was for that cause cursed by the bishop of Rome, & his kingdom of Arragon proclaimed to be open to every man that would invade it. Charles the younger was vanquished and taken in battle on the sea. Philip king of France▪ in the quarrel of his brother Charles king of Sicily, proclaimed war against Peter of Arragon. Lewline prince of Wales, Anni regum Angli 11 was slain by Roger Mortimer, The year of the world 5245 The year of Christ 1284 and his head set upon the Tower of London. Sanctius the four reigned in Spain xi years. Charles king of Sicily ended his life. William Marton chancellor of England, about this time builded Marton college in the university of Oxeforde. David the brother of Lewline prince of Wales was taken and beheaded: The year of the world 5246 The year of Christ 1285 Anni regum Angli 12 and divers boldes and castles of the UUelshemen given to the English lords. Prince Edward of Canaruan was borne in wales Laurence Duket a citisin of London was found dead and hanged in the church of. S. Marry Bowes. Philip king of France fought a strong and cruel battle with Peter king of Arragon near to Gerunda in the which Peter received a wound, whereof he died shortly after: leaving two sons, Friderich whom he ordained king of Arragon: and james to whom he gave Sicily. These two brethren maintained their father's war against the frenchmen. Philip king of France ended his life. King Alexander of scotland, broke his neck by falling of a horse. Leaving no heir male after him. The realm continued without king vi. years ix months Honorius the .v. was bishop of Rome ii years. He endeavoured to took the kingdom of Sicily from the king of Arrogon. The new work of the church of Westminster, unto the end of the quiece, Anni regum Angli 13 The year of the world The year of Christ 1286 begun in the third year of the third Henry, and continued in building .66, years, was finished. The Pisanes were vanquished by the Genowais, and in a battle on the sea, lost .50. galleys and ships, and 12000. soldiers. The order of the Carmelites began of Albert Patriarch of Jerusalem. Philip for his beauty surnamed the fair▪ reigned in France xxviii years. This man because of war that he had with the Duke of Gelderlande and other, reared great taxes and payments throughout his land, as well of the clergy as laitee. Rodulph the emperor subdued to his obedience the Suitzers, which before were subject to the Earl of Savoy. Pseudo vanquished Friderich, & tamed the Snaves This year was enacted by king Edward, the statutes called▪ Anni regum Angli 14 Additamenta gloucestrie. The year of the world 1248 The year of Christ 1287 In the country of Heluccia, a woman was delivered of a child, that had two perfit bodies from the navel upward: and an other woman bore a child, the fact whereof was like to a man, and the body to a lion. The bishopric of Rome was void ten months. Anni regum Angli 15 King Edward of England sailed to Bordeux, The year of the world 1249 and from thence road into France. The year of Christ 5288 The summer this year was so exceeding hot, that men died for extreme heat, and yet was wheat so plenteous, that it was sold at London for xl. d. a quarter. Nicolas the four was bishop of Rome▪ iiii. years. Great bail fell in England & after that ensued so continual rain, Anni regum Angli 16 that the year following, The year of the world 5250 wheat was sold for xviii d. a bushel and so increased yearly the reign of this king and his son, till it was lastly sold for xl shillings a quarter. Peace agreed between the Frenchmen and Arragon's. The Florentines with great slaughter vanquished the G●bell●es of Arentine in Italy. The city Triple was taken and destroyed by the Soldan of Egipte, and the christians slain in most cruel wise. Rises a Welsheman rebelling against Pain● Tiptost warden of that country, The year of the world 5251 The year of Christ 1290 Anni regum Angli 17 was by the earl of Cornwall in the kings absence taken, drawn, hanged & quartered. About this time the jews were expelled wholly out of this realm. Charles the younger, which was prisoner a long time in Arragon, received the kingdom of Sicily, and for the same was feudary to the Roman bishop. The Soldan of Babylon conquered the city of Asia called Tite, Sidon, Barutum, and raised them even with the earth: which were before inhabited with Christian people. He besieged in like manner the city of Pt●lom● is called also Acres or Acon, and the same being forsaken of the christians, with great cruelty burnt and destroyed: By this means were the christians utterly chased out of Surie .190. years, after they first won jerusalem under Godfrei of Bolo●ne. Ladislaus king of Hungary was slain by the Comanes, and then succeeded Andrew the third, which reigned. ●ii. years. Rodolph emperor of Almain overthrew well near 60. castles and holds in the province of Thuring, and by that means quieted the country of Germany. Andrew king of Hungary subdued Ostrich, Anni regum Angli 18 The year of the world 5252 The year of Christ 1291 Alexander king of Scotland (as is before said) died without issue male, whereof ensued great discord among the Scots, which took part with john Bailoll, and Robert Bruce making claim to the crown: and shortly after deadly war followed between the ii realms of England and Scotland. The election of the king of Scots was committed to the judgement of king Edward of England: The year of the world The year of Christ 1292 Anni regum Angli 19 who after sufficient proof made to the Scots, that he was chief head and sovereign of the realm of scotland, by all their consents took full possession of the same ●and than caused john Bailol to be ordained king, because he descended of the elder daughter of earl David king Wylliams' brother. A●oulphus was chosen emperor of Almain, and reigned vii years. He was unfortunate in all things that he went about, & therewith so needy and poor, that when he had received of king Edward of England .100000. marks, to aid him against the French king, he spent the money upon his household, and had not wherewith to fulfil his promiss when time required. By dissension of the cardinals the bishopric of Rome was void ii years and four months. About this time (as witnesseth Polidore, and as it seemeth most agreeing with other histories grievous and cruel war began between king Edward of England and Philip of France, for taking of certain ships of Normandy. Philip summoned king Edward to appear at his parliament, but he thereat disdained, and yielded up into his hands the Duchy of Guyan, entending ere it were long to make claim to the whole dukedom of Normandy. Philip sent Raulfe Nele the constable of France with a mighty power against the Gascoines, which by the side of Englishmen, defended them so manfully, that great hurt was done on both parts. Adoulphus the emperor endeavoured to deprive Albert of his duchy of ostrich, Anni regum Angli and certain other lands: The year of the world 5154 The year of Christ 1293 for which cause was between them fierce war. King john Bailol of scotland, came to Newcastel, and did homage to king Edward. The Welshemen, by the ●●ering of Modoke and Morgan rebelled against the king, who sped him toward them in all hasty wise, and shortly brought that unstedefast and unruly people to a new reclaim, and▪ then commanded their woods to be cut to the ground. After which time he held them in more rest and quiet. The Frenchmen with a company of ships, arrived at Dover, rob the town, and were chased thence with the loss of many of their men. Charles de Ualots king philip's brother, besieged the castle of Rion in Gascoigne, wherein were sir john saint john, and john de Britain english captains. Michael Paleogolus emperor of Grece, ended his life, whom the Grecian priests suffered to be unburied because that at the counsel of Lions, be agreed to the Roman church, in proceeding of the holy ghost. Celestine bishop of Rome vi months, Anni regum Angli 21 he resigned the papacy to Boniface thee, The year of the world 5255 The year of Christ 1294 viii. which reigned viii years ix months. Andronicus & Michael emperors of Constantinople. Madoke, which caused the Welshmen to rebel, was hanged drawn and quartered at London. john Bailol king of Scots▪ contrary to his allegiance, by the exci●ing of the Frenchmen, rebelled against king Edward. Dinus Mugellanus, Lamfranke, Balbus the gatherer of Catholicon, and Rabi Gerundentis▪ flourished. King Edward wan from the Scots the castles▪ of Barwike & Dunbarre: he slew of the Scots above xl thousand, and took prisoners sir William Douglas, sir Simon ●e Fre●sel, the earl Pairike, sir Robert Le Bruise with many other of name. He conquered also Edenbourough▪ where he found the regaul insignes of Scotland that is, the crown, the sceptre, and the cloth of estate. john Bailol king of Scots, with his son Edward came to Mont Ros, where he, void of all kingly ornaments, with a white rod in his hand, came before king Edward, and resigned all right and title that he had or might have to the crown of Scotland, and made him a charter thereof. Also shortly after at Barwike, all the nobles were sworn to be true subjects to him in times coming. In this mean time, the Englishmen sustained many storms in Gascoigne and Guyan. Sir Hugh Gr●ssinghā was made regent of Scotland. Boniface the viii was bishop of Rome, which by his treachery and falsehood, caused his predecessor Celestine to forsake his bishopric. He reared also deadly wars in Italy. King Edward sailed into Flaunders to rescue guy their Ecle, Anni regum Angli 23 The year of the world 5257 The year of Christ 1256 which was grievously overset by the French king, so that he had won from him much of his lands. Shortly after king Edward's coming, a peace was concluded for ii years, and then he went to Burd●ur The scots by the enticement of the frenchmen, and leading of one William Wallace rebelled, and put the Englishmen to much trouble and loss of many men: among the which was sir Hugh Gressingham. The electors chose Albert Duke of Austria, to be their emperor, and deposed Adoulphus, because he was not of power to maintain the imperial majesty. King Edward vanquished the Scots, The year of Christ and near to a town called Fankirke, Anni regum Angli The year of the world 5253 slew of them in one battle 32000. at which time (as some writ) were slain of the Englishmen, but barely xviii persons. After this overthrow the Scots yielded, the scottish history referreth this to the next year following. King Edward for a final peace to be had between England and France, took to wife Margaret the sister of Philip the French king. A league and truce 〈◊〉 granted to the flemings, which continued not long. For the flemings of Brugis (while their Duke Gu●e and his son were kept in prison by the French king) set upon the French capytaines, and put them to a great afterdeale. The bishop of Rome used great cruel●●● toward the house of Columnenses, and took from them their castles. King Edward, hearing of the untruth and rebellion of the Scots, Anni regum Angli 25 made his third viage against them▪ The year of the world 5265 The year of Christ 1298 wherein he behaved him so knightly, that in short space he subdued a great part of the land, and took the castle Estrivaline, with other holds, & made the lords swear to him feavitee and homage. Adoulphus and Albert (contending for the imperial authority) on the mountain Hansenbull, fought a cruel battle: wherein Adoulphus was slain, and Albert succeeded in the empire, and reigned ten years. He, desiring to be crowned with the imperial Diadem of the bishop of Rome, could not obtain it. For Boniface said to him, that his election was frustrate, without his authority, which held the power of both swords, that is, of ecclesiastical and civil jurisdiction. Boniface made the sixth book of the decrees. The king of England gave to Edward his son the principate of Wales, The year of the world 5260 The year of Christ 1299 Anni regum Angli 26 and i●ig●ed thereto the earldom of Cornwall. james king of Arragon and Sicily, ended his life. Wherefore Robert, Duke of Calabre, and son of that Charles, which contented with the Arragon's for Sicily,, invaded Sicily, and took Cathina: but the Sicilians favouring more the part of the Arragon's, withstood Robert, and in a battle on the sea vanquished and took Philip his brother, & slew many of his soldiers. The flemings of Brugis were sosughten with, of Otho Duke of Burgoyne, in the quarrel of the French king, who by the aid of the frenchmen slew of them xv. thousand. The year of the world 5261 The year of Christ 1300 Friderich of Arragon being ordained king of Sicily, Anni regum Angli 27 subdued to him the country of Calabre. Gr●●● ruffling and unquietness was in Hetruria, the space of ii years. Charles of Ualois was appointed of the bishop of Rome, to be defender of S. Peter's patrimony. Boniface the eight ordained first a jubilei in Rome: in the solemnysing whereof, the first day he showed himself to the people in his pontificalibus, and gave free remission of sins to as many as came to Rome out of all parts of the word: the second day, being arrayed with imperial insignes, he commanded a naked sword to be carried before him, and said with a loud voice: Lo● behold the power and auctorite● of both swords. Othomannus, a man of unknown birth, steered with desire to bear a rule, took on him the kingdom of the Turks, and subdued to his signory a great part of Bythinia and other countries: of him descended lineally the kings of Turks to this day, whose generation hath wrought much scathe to the Christians. UUarre was revived between France and Flaunders, in the which the flemings were put to great damage and loss of men: shortly after peace was concluded. Anni regum Angli 28 New factions rose in Italy: where, The year of the world The year of Christ as before 〈◊〉 they were called Guelphs and Gibelines, so were they now called Al●i and Nigri, by the which italy was wonderfully disquieted with sedition and war. At this time sprang a new heresy not unlike to the A●nabaptistes, the followers whereof were named Fra●●●cel●▪ Tamor Can the sixth Emperor of the Tartarians 〈◊〉 Cathay, a prince exceeding rich. Henricus de Gandano, Arnoldus de Uilla nova, Gordonius, Mundinus, Scotus, The year of the world The year of Christ and Dante's' the poet lived at this time. Anni regum Angli 29 Boniface▪ for his private displeasure, did excommunicate king Philip of France, & proclaimed him, not to be king. Philip set at liberty Sarra, a noble man, whom the bishop had deprived of all his lands and possessions. In this year the scottish history maketh mention, of a great overthrow given by the Scots to the Englishmen, at Rosling, and that king Edward being therewith moved, pierced the realm of scotland, and went through all the land from the north to the south parts thereof, and forced them all to swear to him homage and feaultee, which seemeth to be the same conquest that we spoke of in the xxv year of his reign. Boniface crowned and confirmed Albert in the empire on this condition, that he would take on him the crown of France, and expel Philip: but the ii princes wisely agreed between themself, and contemned the tyranny of bishop Boniface. Uenceslaus, which of the Hungares is called Ladyslaus, the son of the king of Boheme, reigned in Hungary iii years. Anni regum Angli 30 Boniface bishop of Rome was cast in prison by Sarra, whom he had expelled out of the city, The year of the world 5264 The year of Christ in which prison he died. Of this bishop it is written, that he entered into the bishopric like a fox, reigned like a wolf, and died like a dog. Anni regum Angli 31 Bennet was bishop of Rome viii months: The year of the world 5225 The year of Christ he assoiled the French king, the bishopric was void xi months. Uenceslaus the vii king of Boheme, for his drunkenness and lechery was slain in Mora●ia. The year of the world 5266 The year of Christ 1305 Anni regum Angli 32 Factions, seditions, commotions, and deadly wars in most miserable wise tormented the country of Italy. Sir Robert de Bruise the Scotte, stole privily out of England, and fled into his country, where he slew the Earl sir john cumin, because he had in certain letters ●etrayned him to king Edward, as going about to steer up the Scots to a new rebellion. Seraph or Melecnasser Soldan of Egypt, he was sor● out-set by the Tartarians. ¶ Otho, Duke of Bavarie was ordained king of Hungary, 〈◊〉 the 〈◊〉. The year of Christ 1306 Clemen●e the 〈◊〉 was bishop of Rome viii years. Anni regum Angli 33 He transferred the bishops see of Rome, The year of the world 5267 from italy into France, where it continued the space of .74. years. A great sedition in Paris between the noble men and the commons, for enhau●sing of rents. William Wallaice, which had done so many 〈◊〉 asures to king Edward in scotland, was 〈◊〉 and hanged. The nobles of scotland in a 〈◊〉 at W●estminste●r, voluntarily swore to be true to the king of England, and to keep the land of scotland to his use against all persons. At the coronation of Clement bishop of Rome, by the fall of a wall, the Duke of Britain was slain, and king Philip of France maimed. A carbuncle was stricken out of the bishop's mitre, which was in value worth vi. thousand crowns. The bishop ordained iii cardinals, which (as it were iii senators) should govern the country of italy to his beho●lffe. He gave also the island of Sardinia to Friderike king of Sicily, to the intent he should expel the Saracens. The emperor Albert ordained his son Rodoulph king of Boheme, and expelled Henry the Duke of Carinth. The Scots, by the counsel of the abbot of Stone, Anni regum Angli 34 purchased a dispensation of the bishop of Rome, The year of the world The year of Christ 1307 for the oath that they had made to the king of England, and ●hose to their king Robert Le Bruise. When king Edward hard of this treason, he went with all haste into scotland: where, in a plain, near to S. johnes town, he encountered, vanquished, and chased sir Robert le Bruse, and all the ●●wer of scotland: and took many of the noble men prisoners, among the which were certain bishops, and an abbot that were armed in the 〈◊〉, contrary to their truth and allegiance: Robert le Bruise fled into Norway. Henry, (that was expelled by the emperor was again made king of Boheme. All the templares were put down in France, and their goods and possessions throughout all Christendom, given by the bishop of Rome, to the knights of s. john baptist. This order was destroyed for their d●sta●le he●e●ie and other enormities. The hospitelars recovered Rhodes from the Saracens Continuing the war in Scotland the noble king Edward ended his life, who at his death charged his lords to bo●e his body till the flesh severed from the bones, and then to bury his flesh in England, and keep still the bones, and as often as the Scots rebelled: to assemble the people and carry with them his bones, trusting that if they were present, that froward people should the sooner be vanquished. EDward the second, son of the first Edward, The year of the world 5269 The year of Christ and prince of Wales: Anni regum Angli 1 began his reign over England and reigned xviii years. This Edward was fair of body, but unsteadfast of manners, and disposed to lightness. For he refused the company of his lords and men of honour, and haunted among villains, and vile personages. He gave himself also to over much drinking, and lightly would disclose things of great counsel: and besides, that he was given to these vices of nature, he was made much worse by the counsel and familiarit●e of certain evil disposed persons, as Pierce of Gaveston, Hugh the Spensers, and other whose wanton counsel he following gave himself to the appetite and pleasure of the body, nothing ordering his common weal by sadness, discretion, and justice: which thing caused first, great variance between him and his nobles, so that shortly he became to them ●dible, and in the end was deprived of his kingdom. This Edward took to wife Isabella the daughter of Philip the fair, king of France The Scots did homage to king Edward at Dumfreis. Otho king of Hungary was taken and cast into prison by a noble man called Ladislaus. ¶ Alphons the xi king of Castille reigned xl, years Robert was king of Naples john nephew to Albert the emperor, slew his own uncle between the two rivers of Heluecia, called Risa. and A●ula, near to Rhine, the place to this day is called kings field, where the queen of hungary builded an abbey. After the death of Albert was great unquietness in Italy, for every city desired a peculiar governor And Philip of France was put in hope by the bishop of Rome, to obtain the empire, and therefore came into italy with a great power, and took many towns, but failed of his purpose The year of the world The year of Christ 1309 Henry the vii was ordained emperor of Germany and reigned v, years viii months. Anni regum Angli 2 He was a noble and victorious prince, & therewith gentle, liberal, and of great justice and honesty. He assembled iii mighty ar●●●es, of the which one he sent against the Duke of Wirtenburge, from whence he took 72. cast●●s. An other he sent with his son john into Beheme, to obtain that kingdom: the third himself led into Italy against the cities Bri●ium, Florence, Cremons', and other rebels which favoured the Guelphs: to whom he brought such terror and fear of his name, as ●ew●mpe ours b● do●e before ti●●e. At Milan he was crowned with a crown of iron. The crouch friars came first into England. Anni regum Angli 3 The year of the world 5271 The year of Christ 1310 So great a dearth 〈◊〉 scotland, that the common people did eat horse flesh, and other unaccustomed meats to sust●ine their lives. Charles, was chosen king of Hungary, and reigned xxxiii. years. He had successively iii wives, Marry the daughter of the king of Polony: Beatrix the daughter of Henrye the emperor, and ●elisabeth, the daughter of the Duke of Boheme, of the last he received three sons, Ladislaus, jews, and Andrew. Robert Le Bruise began to be of power again in scotland, & discomfited sir john Cummin Earl of Bucham and certain other, which held on the English part. A counsel holden at Uienna, The year of Christ 1311 where the name of the templares was abolished. Anni regum Angli 4 The year of the world 5272 Roberte Le Bruise expelled the Englyshmen out of a great part of Scotland, and invaded the borders of England. Anni regum Angli 5 At Rome Henry the emperor received the imperial Diadem of the cardinals. The year of the world 5273 The year of Christ 2312 He assigned certain lieutenants to the cities of lombardy. The flemings rebelled against king Philip of France The pride and tyranny of Piers of Gaveston caused grudge and malice between king Edward of England and his nobles, so that for this cause the said Piers by suit of the nobles was twice or thrice banished the realm and still called again by the king. Wherefore (in this year) the lords being confederate, slew him beside warwick, to the great discontenting of the kings mind. ¶ john, the emperors' son, was king of Boheme. Of Andronicus and his successors, emperors of Constantinople: I find no certainty, how long time they reigned: I will therefore name as many of them as I know, guessing as nigh the time as I can, Egnacius saith that Michael Paleologus reigned about xl years, next to him he setteth Audronicus, which had long contention with the younger Andronicus. Blondus setteth between them Carolo●oannes. Anni regum Angli 6 Henrye the emperor besieged the city Florence, The year of the world 5274 The year of Christ he made peace with Friderich king of Sicily, and led an army against his mortal enemy Roberte Duke of Naples. Not long after, he was poisoned by a monk, which in ministering the sacrament gave him poison. The Englishmen encountered Robert Le Beuze & his Scots at Estrivalin, Anni regum Angli 7 The year of the world 5275 The year of Christ where was fought a strong but tail, in the end whereof the Englyshmen were discomfited, and so eagerly pursued by the Scots, that many of the noble men were slain, as the Earl of Gloucester, sir Robert Clifforde, sir Edmund of Maule, with other lords to the number of xlii and knights and baron●●tes 67. beside xxii men of name, which were taken prisoners, and .10000. other common soldiers slain, or after the Scottish history .50. thousand. after this time, the forenamed Robert Bruise, reigned as king of scotland. The ci●●syns of Pisa in Italy, chose for their Duke a noble man called N●●uicio. ¶ Lewis the leveuth, son of Philip Le Beave was ordained king of France, and reigned ii years. He led an army against the flemings, but he achieved nothing worthy memory. A villain, called johan Tanner, in divers places of England named himself the son of Edward the first and said, The year of the world 5276 The year of Christ 1315 Anni regum Angli 8 that by a false nurse he was stolen out of his cradle, and Edward that was now king, put in his place. But shortly after he was convict of his untruth. and confessed, that he did it by the motion of a familiar spirit. The Scots invaded Ireland, and kept war with the Irish men the space of four years. Lewis was emperor of Almain .33. years, between him and Friderich Duke of Ostrich was long war For part of the electors chose Friderike, part Lewis of Bavarie. These two Caesar's, with their armies, met first at Frankforde, but they i●igned not in battle, than Leopalde, a Duke of ostrich, coming to help his brother, proffered battle to jews, but he gave back, and fled to Eslengham, where was between them a sore conflict so greatly to the loss of both parts, that neither of them claimed victory, The bishopric of Rome, after the death of Clement, was void ii years iii months. The castle of Berwyke was yelden up to the Scots, by the treason of Peter Spalding. The year of the world 5277 The year of Christ 1316 Anni regum Angli A great moreine of beasts in England, and therewith pestilence, and other sickness. Philippe the .v. for his height surnamed the Long was made king of France, and reigned vi years. The Scots entered the borders of Northumberland and most cruelly robbing and hariing the country, Anni regum Angli 10 The year of the world 5278 The year of Christ spared neither man woman nor child. To this mischief was joined so exceeding dearth & scarcity, that wheat was sold for four marks a quarter, the common people did eat horsefleshe and divers other vile beasts, and many died for hunger. At the same time was a great dearth in France. Robert le Bruise, leaving james Douglas governor of Scotland, went into Ireland to aid his brother Edward. King Edward assembled a new host, and went into Scotland, where he laid siege to Berwick. But in the mean time the Scots by an other way, invaded the borders of England, and wasted the country even to York, whereby Edward was constr●yned to break his siege and return with great danger. At this time sir Hugh the Spensers, the father and the son, were of great power in England, and by the fever of the king, practised such cruelty, and bore themself so haughtly and so proud, that no lord of this land might gainsay them in any thing that they thought good whereby they were in great hatred and indignation among the nobles. john the xxii was bishop of Rome, xviii. years. He was a cruel and wicked tyrant, given only to heaping up of riches, and vexed greatly the emperor, he proclaimed them heretics, which taught that Christ and his apostles had no possessions in this world. Albert and Lewis encountered the second time at Brusco, a river of Alsacia, where jews was f●ine to forsake the field. Anni regum Angli 12 The lords and nobles of England (detesting the outrageous pride of the Spensers, The year of the world 5280 The year of Christ whereby they wrought daily both great dishonour to the king, and hindrance to the common weal) in such wise conspired against them, that they caused the king half against his mind to remove from him the Spensers, and banish them the realm. The Irishmen, by the aid that they had out of England, drove the Scots out of their land, at which time many of the noble men of scotland were slain among the which was Edward le Bruise, the kings brother. In Italy Huguicio, Duke of Py●e, vanquished the people of He●curia, at the mountain called Catinum. The year of the world 5281 The year of Christ 1329 King Edward contrary to the mind of his lords revoked the Spensers from banishment, Anni regum Angli 13 and set them in like authority as they before had been, to the great disturbance of the realm, and not long after pursued the Barons, and chased them so egrelye from place to place that in short space he put to death about the number of xxii. of the greatest men of his realm. The flemings made league with the Frenchmen. Italy was miserably tormented with divers commotions and seditions of the Guelphs and Gibelines In all these debates the Guelphs favoured the bishops party, and the Gibelines the emperor, or some other noble men. The year of Christ 1321 After that king Edward had put to death many of his lords, The year of the world 5282 Anni regum Angli 14 he ordained. M. Roberte Baldoke a man of evil fame to be chancellor of England. The two noble men, which contended for the empire of Germany, joined in battle, between Milberge and Oetingen, where Lewis obtained the victory, and Friderich was discomfited and taken. The leipres or lazars, by the counsel of the jews poisoned divers wells in France, and were therefore put to shameful death In England the son appeared as blood, Anni regum Angli and so continued vi hours. The year of the world 5283 The year of Christ 1322 Lewis the emperor ordained in the cities of italy certain deputies, to govern the same to his behoulfe. The Scots invaded the realm of England. Rainerius, Lampertus de Ramponibus, joannes Andree lawyers, Uarignana, Platearius phisicious, Raimundus Lull●us, Franciscus Maronis, Nicholaus de Lyra, and William Occam were famous. The citizens of Luke and Pyse in Italy expelled Huguicio, with his son Nerius, and took for their governor one Castrucius, which was before time imprisoned in the city of Luca, by the forenamed Huguicio. Charles the third, and son of Philippe the fair, began his dominion over France, and reigned .v. years. King Edward, with a mighty army, entered scotland, Anni regum Angli 16 but with sickness, and other misfortunes that chanced among his soldiers, The year of the world 5284 The year of Christ 132 he within short space was forced to returned into England, whereof sir james Douglas, and the Scots having knowledge, pursued him in such wise, that they slew many englishmen, and had well near taken the king. Charles of France warred upon the lands of king Edward in Gascoigne and Guyan, Anni regum Angli 17 The year of the world 5285 The year of Christ 1324 and took there many towns and castles. King Edward sent his wife Isabella to entreat with her brother Charles for peace, or (as Frosard saith) the queen herself, fearing the tyranny and mischief of the Spensers, fled with her young son Edward into France and was gently received of her brother, which made great promise to aid her against the injury & tyranny of the Spensers. Robert duke of Puell, after he had obtained the city of Gean, expelled the Gibelines from Soana. Galaeceus chased the Guelphs out of the city called Uercelle. Anni regum Angli 18 Charles king of France, The year of the world 5286 The year of Christ 1325 partly being corrupted with money, partly fearing the manassinges of the bishop of Rome (which was in like manner bribed with rich gifts, by the Spensers) forsook his sister's quarrel, and commanded her to avoid his land. Queen Isabella, by the aid and help of sir john of Heinalt, Anni regum Angli 19 with a small company of Henowayes, The year of the world 5287 The year of Christ 1326 returned into England, to whom the nobles and commons gathered in great noumbre, and pursued the king, the Spensers, and other enemies so narrowly, that shortly after they took them, and kept the king in prison at Bar●clei, where not long after, he was murdered by sir Roger Mortimer, sir Hugh the Spensers, john earl of Arundel, Robert Baldoke and other tyrants, which of long time had grieved the realm, they put to worthy punishment. EDward the third, after the deposing of his father was crowned king of England and reigned .50. years. The year of the world 5288 The year of Christ 1327 Anni regum Angli 1 This man, beside all other gifts of nature, was endued with passing comely beauty and favour, of wit provident, circumspect, and gentle, doing nothing without great wisdom and consideration. He was a man of excellent modesty and temperance, and advanced such persons to high dignities, as did most pass other in integrity and innocency of life. In feats of arms he was very expert, as the noble prowess by him achieved do well declare. Of his liberality & clemency he showed many great examples, briefly in all princely virtues he was so excellent, that few noble men before his time can be to him compared. At the beginning he was chiefly ordered by sir Roger Mortimer and his mother Isabell. Robert king of Scots sent his defiance to young king Edward, and invaded the borders of England. King Edward, made preparation toward Scotland, at which time fell great variance between the archers of England, and the soldiers of sir john of ●eynalde and shortly after the English army being in the borders was so sore distressed for lack of forage and other necessaries, that they were all in great danger. By the treason of sir Roger Mortimer the Scots escaped without battle, whereby the king lost that viage and all his charges. By the counsel of sir Roger Mortimer and the old queen, king Edward made a dishonourable peace with the Scots. For he restored to them all ancient writings, charters, and patents, whereby the kings of Scotland had obliged them to be s●udaries to the crown of England, with other like unprofitable conditions. Lewis the emperor at the instance of many noble men of italy, came to Milan, where he according to the ancient custom, was crowned with a Diadem of iron. john the bishop of Rome excommunicated Lewis and disannulled his election, because he used imperial diggnitee in Italy before he was authorized by him. This variance continued well near twenty years, in which the emperor proffered often times to make entreaty of concord and peace, but the stife necked tyrant of Rome would never bend. The writings of both parts concerning this controversy remain at these days, in the which the bishop feareth not to make his avaunt, that he had full power to create and depose kings and emperors at his pleasure, and at the same time were many learned men, which did greatly disallow the bishop of Rome's doings, among the which was Occam, a man in his days of great fame. A book also was made by a learned man, and given to the emperor, which was called, defensor pacis, that is, the defender of peace, wherein this controversy is disputed, and the bishop of Rome's unlawful tyrant nigh set forth to the uttermost. A great cause of this variance (as some writ) was because one of the emperors secretaries, unknowing to the emperor in cerayne of his letters had called the bishop the beast rising out of the sea, alluding to the place of the apocalypse Castrucius governor of Luke, and Accius of Milan ivigning their puissance, vanquished and slew the Florentines. ¶ Lewis the emperor was received into Rome with great honour, and crowned with the imperial Diadem of Stephene de Columna a cardinal. Castrucius recovered the city Pistorinall, and shortly after ended his life. One Peter was made Antipape by the emperor against john, which was all this time in France, Lewis returning to Germany left bishop Peter at Luca. Charles the French king died without issue, after whom the kingdom of France by right of inheritage was due to king Edward of England, for so much as he was the son of Isabella the sister of Charles. But they defeated him of his right, saying, that the crown of France was never wont to come by succession to the woman, but to the issue male. David the young prince of Scotland married jane the sister of king Edward. Anni regum Angli 2 The year of the world 5289 The year of Christ Dulcinus and Dwandus heretics. ¶ Philip of Ualoyes, by the counsel of the twenty pyeres and specially of Roberte of Artois, was made king of France, and reigned xu years. He made war upon the flemings (which rebelled against Lewis their Earl) and them vanquished in a strong battle, and restored jews to the possession of his lands, after he had beaten down and destroyed the town of cassel. ¶ Orcanes the second king of Turks, reigned xxii years. He wan Brusis from the Grecians, while Cantazuzenus, and Paleologus contended for the empire. The year of the world 5290 Edmund earl of Kent, The year of Christ 1329 Anni regum Angli 3 uncle to king Edward of England, being falsely accused of treason, was by sir Roger Mortimer put to death. Prince Edward was borne at Woodstock. which in process of time grew to a noble and famous man, and was in his days counted the flower of chivalry through out all the world. ¶ After the death of Robert 〈◊〉 Bruise, David his son viii. years of age. succeeded in the kingdom of Scotland and riegned. xixix. years. Sir Roger Mortimer was accused for divers points of treason, The year of the world The year of Christ 1330 Anni regum Angli 4 and namely that he was over familiar with the old queen Isabella the kings mother, for which accusations he was shortly after beheaded. Robert Earl of Artois, a man of great power in France was banished the realm for a certain plea, which (as men thought) he made by unlawful means to the earldom of Artois, who not long after came into England and excited king Edward to claim the crown of France The citisyns of Pisa and Luca in italy, which were brought in subjection to the emperor, claimed again their libert●e. After the emperor was departed from Italy, Boniface earl of Pisa, took Peter the Antipape, and presented him to john, of whom he was cast in prison, and shortly after died. The Germans sold the city of Luca to a noble man of Gean. The year of the world 5292 Edward Bailoll, the son of john Bailol, Anni regum Angli 5 late king of scotland, The year of Christ 1331 by lycenee before purchased of king Edward, entered scotland, claiming the crown by the right of his father, where he vanquished the Scots, and was crowned king at Sconoe. john king of Boheme, entering Italy, brought under his subjection Brixia, Bergamum, Luca, Parma, Rhegium and Mutina. Anni regum Angli 6 King Edward went into Scotland with a great power, and (as witnesseth the english histories) at a place called Haldoune hill, gave to the Scots battle, The year of the world 1293 The year of Christ wherein he obtained a triumphant victory. So that he slew of them viii Earls .900. knights and baronets .400. esquires, and .32000. common soldiers, and of the Englyshmen were slain only xu persons, at the same voyage he won the town of Edenbourgh and Barwike, with many other castles, and gave the governance of scotland to Edward Ba●lol, between whom and the Scots were fought many battles, with great diversity and change of fortune. The young king David fled into France. After this time the Scots so often rebelled, that king Edward made iii voyages into that land within the space of four years. and with great manhood alway vanquished his enemies, Anni regum Angli 7 The year of the world 5294 The year of Christ 1333 and caused them to swear to him fealty and homage. In these battles were slain well near all the nobility of scotland, with infinite numbered of the common people. King Philip of France made great preparation for a voyage into the holy land. Bennet the xii was bishop of Rome vii years. He by the counsel of Philip king of France, Anni regum Angli 9 The year of the world 5296 The year of Christ confirmed the censors and cursings, that john his predecessor had published against Lewis the emperor. Mastinus Scaliger, lord of Verone, Brixia, and Pergamum in Itali, subdued of him Parma, Luca and Patalum, against him conspired the Venetians, Florentines and divers princes of italy, between whom were ●o●ghten divers batailles, greatly to the loss of both parts, but in the end peace was made with Scaliger on this condition, that he should forsake Patanye, Brixia and Pergamum, & hold in his possession Verone, Uincence, Parma, and Luca. War was proclaimed between the kings of England and France. The year of the world 5297 The year of Christ 1336 The bishop of Rome being in France, Anni regum Angli 10 sent ambassade to Rome, requiring of the people, that the ii senators, which before time were created to govern the city in the name of the emperor, might henceforth be ordained in the bishops name, and govern the city to his beh●ulfe, which was grraunted, and that dignity given for the space of .v. years, to Stephene de Columna a cardinal, some writ, that the bishop himself had certain years before used the authority of a senator in the emperors name, and now required it in his own. T●uleros a divine, Cinu●, Olradus, Paulo● Perus●nus, lawyers, M●cheus Syluaticus, Nicolaus de Rhegio, physicians, and S Roke lived at this time. About this time (as Fabian mentioneth) by reason of scarcity of money, was such plenty of victuals and other m●rcim●nies in this realm of England, that the like had not be● le●n. For a quarter of wheat was sold for ii s. a fat goose for ii d. a pig for a penny, a fat ox for vi s. v●ii. d. a fat sheep for vi d. and viii d. vi. pigeons a penny. King Edward, Anni regum Angli 11 for the expedition of his wars against the French king, The year of the world The year of Christ 1337 sent ambassadors into the parties beyond the sea, to ally with him the Earl of Heynalde and others lords, which obeyed not the French king Where, by means of jaques Dartuel, he had great comfort of the flemings, and divers lords and princes of the empire. King Edward sent a company of men in ships to conquer the town of Gagaunt, which vanquished the Flemminges that were set there, by the Earl to stop his passage into France. King Edward for more sure stablishement of amity between him and the Hollanders, The year of the world 5299 The year of Christ 1338 Selanders, Anni regum Angli 12 and Brava●●ers, sailed to Antwerp, where he concluded the mat●●er with his alliances▪ and by the consent of the emperor Lewis proclaimed vicar general of the empire. The year of the world 5300 The year of Christ 1359 The king of England, Anni regum Angli 13 over and beside a great army of English soldiers, having with him well near the whole power of the empire, began to enter the borders of the french kings dominion▪ and made claim to the whole realm of France, as his rightful inheritance and for more authority named himself king of france and intermeddled the arms of England with the arms of France, as it remaineth to this day. In this pass time a certain of Frenchmen had entered the haven of Southampton, and rob the town, and upon the sea had taken ii great English ships, called the Edward and the Christofer. Franciscus Petrarcha was famous in italy, & made poet Laureate in Rome. divers robbinges, bickerings▪ and small battles were between the Frenchmen, and the flemings the Henoways and other friends of king Edward. Anni regum Angli 14 King Edward sailing toward Flaunders, The year of the world 5301 me to the haven of Sciuse, met with the french kings navy, The year of Christ where was fought a cruel battle, whereof the king of England had the victory, and the french fleet, that was in noumbre .400. sail, was well near all destroyed and the soldiers, taken, slain, and drowned, so that of .33000. there scaped not one. Shortly after the king besieged Turney continuing the time of which siege divers outridinges, and enterprises were ventured by the Henoways, Almains and other his friends, to the great hurt of both parts, but the more fell still to the frenchmen. At the end of xi weeks a peace was agreed upon for the space of xii months▪ and king Edward returned into England. In this passetime the Scots, by steringe and aid of the frenchmen recovered a great part of that land, and in most cruel wise vexed the english garrisons. Bennet bishop of Rome▪ saying that the whole empire was fallen into his hands▪ because it was of long time void (for he reputed Lewis as no emperor) ordained rulers over the city of italy at his will and pleasure, by whom Luchinus and john his brother, obtained the governance of milan, Mastinus Scalaget of Ue●on and Uincentia, and other of divers other places at his appointment. Robert steward governor of scotland, and William Douglas conquered Birth, St●tueline, Edenbourgh and other holds from the englishmen. After the death of john duke of Britain, Anni regum Angli 15 mortal war ensued between Charles de Bloyes, The year of the world 5312 The year of Christ 1341 and john earl of Mountfo●te, for the possession of that Dukedom. john of Mountfort was taken and cast in prison at Paris▪ but the war was still maintained by his wife, a woman of valiant courage, who with the aid of the Englysh●men defended her husband's quarrel vigorously, and with a great stomach. Alexander Ramsel a Scotte, invaded the borders of England. Edward Bailoll fled out of scotland into England and left all the governance of the realm, that he held to the use of king Edward. King Edward went toward the Scots, but for so much as he was disprovided of victuals for his army at the request of the lords of Scotland he made league for four months. King David of Scotland returned out of France into his own country. The earl Gaul●ier of many, a noble & hardy knight was sent of king Edward, to aid the countess of Britain against Charles de Bloys, where he by his manhood and policy achieved many enterprises. The year of the world The year of Christ 1342 Clement the vi by the labour of king philip of France, succeeded Bennet in the bishopric of Rome. Anni regum Angli 16 He was in like manner a mortal enemy to Lewis the emperor, and confirmed the sentences, published against him before time, and steered many princes of great power to make war upon him▪ but the emperor doing like for like, invaded the possessions of the church of Rome and ordained therein many deputies and rulers at his pleasure. King David of Scotland, with much cruelt●e, divers times vexed the english borders, and destroyed the town of Durham, wherefore king Edward sped him thitherward in all haste, but a peace was entreated for ●i. years, without any notable battle. King Edward sent Robert Dartoys, earl of Rych●mount, with the countess of Britain into her countrei who wasted and destroyed those parts very sore, and shortly after died of a wound that he received at the city of Uannes'. Anni regum Angli 17 The year of the world 5304 The year of Christ 1343 Clement bishop of Rome, took upon him to give divers bishoprics and benefices, which than fell void in England, wherewith the king was greatly discontented. In so much that he sent out commissions, and straight commandments, that no man should present or induct any such person▪ that so by the bishop was promoted without the agreement of the king, because it touched his prerogative. When Lewis the emperor, at the instance of his nobles, with great humility made divers means for entreaty of concord with Clement the bishop, his outrageous pride prescribed to him so shameful and unworthy conditions, as uneath the vilest slave in the world would have condescended unto, among the which were, that he should openly acknowledge his errors and disobedience, & therewith to resign the empire, never to receive it, but at the bishop's pleasure, and moreover to yield himself & his children, with all his goods into his hands. King Edward with a strong army sailed into Britain, and besis eged the city of Uannes', Renes, & Nauntes, & took the town of Dynant. By mean of two cardinals, peace was concluded for a certain space. Anni regum Angli 18 The order of the garter, The year of the world The year of Christ 1344 first invented and ordained by king Edward. The earl of Derby was sent by king Edward with a company of english soldiers, to make war in Gascoigne, where he wan the town of Bargarath, the Riol, with many other towns and castles, before Anberoche the earl of Derbye, by the policy of Walter of Manni▪ with a thousand Englishmen, discomfited and slew ten thousand Frenchmen, and Gascoynes, and took prisoner the earl of Lay their chief captain, with divers other nobles, and subdued the country. john duke of Normandy the son of king Philippe The year of the world 5306 The year of Christ 1345 Anni regum Angli 19 came with a great army into Gascoigne against the earl of Derby. Godfrey of Anicourte, was banished out of France and fled to king Edward, whom he incensed and stired to invade Normandy. jaques Dar●uell, a great friend of king Edward was murdered at Gaunt in Flaunders. G●ulter duke of Athenes, usurped tyranny at Florrence x months, whom Angelus Acciolus expelled and restored them to their liberty. The year of the world The year of Christ 1346 The king of England, with his son prince Edward sailed into Normandye, and overrode, spoiled, Anni regum Angli 20 and destroyed the country before him, even to Paris, and gathered wonderful riches of Pray, which he sent into England. Shortly after he encountered the french king me to the forest of Cress●e, where he had not in his host the right man in comparison of the french army, and obtained of them a noble and triumphant victory, by the manhood of his archers. In that battle was slain the flower of the chivalry of France, for there fell on that part, the king of Boheme with ten other great princes four score banners .1200. knights, and more than .30000. of the common soldiers, after this victory king Edward went toward Cales, and besieged the town the space of a leaven months. Bishop Clement, with most dispituous words, enueyghed in a sermon against Lewis the emperor, & caused certain of the electors to choose a new emperor. While king Edward besieged Calys, David of Scotland by exciting of the french king, warred upon the borders of England. But the Queen assembled a strong army, as well of the clergy and priests, as the other commons and near to Durham took in battle the king of Scots prisoner, with many of his greatest lords, and erlee, and slew one and other 15000. souldyoures. After this victory, the Englishmen took the castle of Rorhurgh, subdued Anandale, Galloway, Mers, Tevida, Twedale and Ectrike forest. The war was quickened again in Britain, and sir Charlos of Bloys taken prisoner by the englishmen but the war continued fiercely, The year of the world 5302 The year of Christ 1347 Anni regum Angli 21 between his wife and the forenamed Counteise of Mowntforte. Charles king of Boheme was choose emperor, while Lewis was yet a live, who not long after died. After the death of Robert king of Sicily and Apulya, his daughter johan took to her husband Andrew the son of Lewis king of hungary, whom not long after she murdered, and married Lewis Duke of Tarent. Edward Bayloll, and the Earl of Northumberlande spoiled Louthiall and Cliddisdale in scotland. Lewis king of hungary came with a strong army in to italy, to revenge his sons death, where he chased the queen johan, and obtained her kingdom of Apulia divers of the cities of Germany, vehemently withstood the tyranny of the Roman bishop, toward Lewis their emperor. Nicolas, a man of unknown birth, taking on him great auctoritte in the city of Rome, expelled the senators, and said he would restore the city to her pristynate liberty. But shortly after he was taken of Charles the emperor, and sent into France to the bishop. About this time the emperor sold the Duchy of Orliance and Delphinoys to the French king. Cales was yielded up to king Edward of England Lewis when he had subdued to him the kingdom of Apulia, Anni regum Angli 22 returned to Hungary. The year of the world The year of Christ 1348 ¶ Peter the first was ordained king of Spain. He passed all his predecessors in cruelty, manslaughter, and other mischief, he put to death all the nobility, and the chief of his affinity and kindred. William Douglas, the son of james Douglas, won again certain lands in scotland, that the English men had subdued. A great and wonderful famine and pestilence raged throughout all the world. In italy scant the ten person of an hundred was left on live. In the city of Paris in France, died .50. thousand. In. S. Denys .1400. in one year. A treason was conspired by the captain of Cales to betray it again to the Frenchmen. The history whereof declareth wonderfully the great manhood, policy, liberality, and gentleness of the noble king Edward, read Frosarde the .156. ca etc. of his first book. Certain of the electors of germany agreed not to the election of Charles, The year of the world 5310 The year of Christ 1349 Anni regum Angli 23 and therefore proffered the empire to king Edward of England, who refused it as a thing by reason of the bishop of Rome, full of troubled and unquietness, than they chose Friderich Marquis of Misna which in like manner refused it. In this year was so great death in the city of London that over and beside the bodies buried in churches and church yards, monasteries and other accustomed places of burial, there were laid in the charterhouse yard 30000. persons and above, as writeth Fabians. At this time in many parts of Italy France and Germany, wandered divers great companies of the fantastical set of them, which used to scourge and whip themself, pretending therein great holiness and religion, of the superstition of these men ye may read in the chronicle of Albertus Crantz, Li. viii. ca 28. and in the additions ivigned to the abbot of Ursperges chronicle. This was the year of jubilei or clean remission of sins, The year of the world The year of Christ 1350 kept at Rome at every fifti winter's end, Anni regum Angli 24 as the year of Grace was continued at canturburie. Philip king of France ended his life, whose body was buried at. S. Denis, his bowels at jaco bins in Paris, and his heart at Bourefountaine in Ualoys. ¶ johan the eldest son of Philip, and Duke of Normandy, was ordained king of France. johan deputy of Milan, ivigned to his lordship the city of Bonone. Clement bishop of Rome ordained Lewis prince of Tarent king of Naples, The year of the world 5312 The year of Christ 1351 Anni regum Angli and made peace between the king of Hungary and johan Queen of Naples, which (as I said) murdered her husband. Of her also the bishop bought the city of Aui●to. This year was so great dearth in France, that a ceptier of wheat was worth. viii.li. of Paris money, and a ceptier of oats xl s. King Edward overcame Charles Constable of Fran in a battle on the sea. The emperor of Constantinople, and the king of Arragon were confederate with the Venetians. The Genoese chased the emperor of Constantinople and overcame the Venetians and Catelanes. Anni regum Angli 26 The year of the world 5312 The year of Christ 1352 Recupetus, Lapus, Bartholus, lawyers▪ Gentilis Fulginas, Dinus de Ga●●o, Trustanus, phisions, and Damascenus a philosopher were famous. Innocent the vi bishop of Rome ix years viii months and vi days. Anni regum Angli 27 Charles king of Navarre caused Charles Constable of France to be murdered in his bed. The year of the world 1314 The year of Christ 1350 For which thing grew great displeasure between him & the French king The Genoese being vanquished of the Venetians submitted themself and all theirs to the archbishop of Milan, which was than chief governor of the city. In this discomfiture the Genoese lost well near xl. galeis. The town and castle of Guines was yielded to the englishmen. Carolus johannes emperor of Constantinople, The year of the world 5315 after he had by force of arms expelled Catacusines which afficeted the empire, Anni regum Angli 28 The year of Christ 1354 by the aid of Fances of Genua, returned into his country, to whom in reward he gave the isle of Lesbus. Charles emperor of German was crowned at Milan with a crown of iron. Prince Edward of Wales with a strong company of soldiers passed into Gascoigne, Anni regum Angli 29 The year of the world 5316 The year of Christ 1355 where he made sore war, and destroyed castles and towns before him, with great success, and took the castle and town of Rh●morentide, with other. King Edward sailed to Cales, and began to make war upon France, but shortly after he returned, because the Scots rose and invaded the English borders Charles received the imperial Diadem at Rome, of ●i. cardinals, on this condition, that he should not tarry at Rome, nor in italy. The citisyns of Pisa rebelled against the emperor. john, king of France, took Charles king of Navarre with divers other noble men, as they were banketing in the castle of Rouen, of the which, some he kept in prison, some immediately he put to death. About this time the Venetians were overcome of the Genoese by the aid of the archbishop of Milan, and lost above .30. galeis. At which time was revenged the great loss that the Genowais had taken at their hands not long before. The Duke of Lancaster, being confederate with Philip, brother to king Charles of Naverre, made war in Normandy, and h●lde there divers lands and castles against the French king. Prince Edward of Wales, Anni regum Angli 30 nigh to the city of Poicters su●gned batataile with king john of France, The year of the world 5317 The year of Christ 1356 of whom the prince by his martial policy, wan a noble victory, notwithstanding that he had in his army but only eight thousand soldiers one and other, and on the French part were .60000, feightinge men. In this conflie●e king john was taken, with his young son phylyp, and many of his nobles. The englishmen had twice so many prisoners of the Frenchmen, as they were in number themselves, which is almost incredible. A great eclipse and earthquake in divers parts of Germany, and therewith a great pestilence. In the time that king john was prisoner in England great sedition, The year of the world 5318 The year of Christ 1357 civil discord, Anni regum Angli 31 tumulty and ruffling was in the realm of France, for so much as the Duke of Normandy, the kings eldest son, had much trouble with the citizens of Paris, and divers breaches and defiances between him and the king of Naverre. Many companies of strangers, also overrode and spoiled diverse countries. Over and bysyde all this a great number of the rude commons conspired against the nobles in such wise, that they intended to have destroyed all the nobility, and practised most extreme cruelty and despitous villainy to divers gentlemen and their ladies and daughters. This misery continued four years. King David of Scatlande was delivered out of prison and set a liberty, after he had been a leaven years prisoner in England, and promised to bring the crown of scotland to king Edward's son. Egidius a cardinal, and the bishop's legate or grand capitain of his wars in Italy, conquered again a great part of italy, and all S. peter's patrimony, which divers noble men had invaded, Anni regum Angli 32 The year of the world 1319 The year of Christ by the appointment of Lewis late emperor, and expelled them all, saving certain which did for fear submit them to the church of Rome, whom he suffered to remain in their possessions. Anni regum Angli 33 King Edward with the prince his son, The year of the world The year of Christ passed the se● to Calis, and from thence road through France, by Picardy, Artoys, Rhein's, Campaine, and other places even to Britain, ever destroying the country before him The garrisons also made war in this behalf in Beawolin, in Picaroye, in Bry, in Campaine, and destroyed and spoiled well near all the country. Moreover the kings of Navarre vexed sore the marches of Normandy Thus was the realm of France miserably beset at this time on all sides. Anni regum Angli A final peace was concluded between the kings of England and of France, on this condition, The year of the world 5321 The year of Christ that king Edward should have to his proper possession the countries of Gascoyn and Guyon, poitiers, Limosin, B●leu●le, Exanctes, Cales, Guines, and divers other lorshippes, towns, castles, and all the lands to them belonging, without knowlaging of any soveraigntee, obeisance homage, or subjection for the same, and that the king of France should pay for his ransom .30000. skulks, King john returned into France. The nuns of S. Brigettes order began first. The city of Bononia in Italy, which belonged to the lords of Milan, came to the possession of the church of Rome, by the treason of one Aulegianus, in reward whereof the town of Firmium was given to him. grievous war between the citizens of Pisa & Florence. The duchy of Burgoyne tell by heritage to king john of France. Anni regum Angli 35 The year of the world 5322 The year of Christ The war continued still in Britain between Charles de Bloys, and the countess of Mounfort, and her son john earl of Mountfort. After the peace concluded between England & France remained divers fellowships of robbers called companions, that lived only by raven and pillage, which wasted and rob the country of France in most cruel wise, and could not be expelled by any means, but in sundry conflicts, overcame the lords of France. They vere and disquieted also Italy and Germany, and rob in those parts very sore. The year of Christ 1362 A great death and pestilence in the realm of England. Anni regum Angli 36 The year of the world Urbane the .v. being ordained bishop of Rome at Avignon, sent Aeg●dius his cardinal and legate, with a great puissance into Italy, who by his means incensed Lewis Gonzaza, Nicolas Estensis, Francisce Cacrarius against Bernabas lord of milan, in such wise, that he was of them sore beaten, and in the end so vanquished and wounded in battle, that he scantly escaped the danger. With those example other being sore abashed, submitted them to the church of Rome. Thusmekely and godly came that wicked church to her great possessions, which her patrons will needs father upon the godly emperor Constantine. In England (as Fabian writeth) were seen castles and hosts of men in the air. Melchella soldan of Egipte. Amuraies king of the Turks, using the ships of the Genoese passed Helespoute and arrived in Europe, The year of the world 5324 The year of Christ 1363 Anni regum Angli 37 where he conquered the towns of Hadrianopolis, and Calliopolis, with other cities, and with a great puissance overthrew them, which encountered him at his coming A great wind in England, wherewith steeples and towers were overthrown. King john of France came into England and shortly after died at the Savoy in London. Prince Edward took possession of the duchy of Guyan and Aquitane. Charles the vi or after some .v. was ordained king of France. The year of the world The year of Christ 1364 He was of wit right sage and subtle, Anni regum Angli 38 that well appeared all his life time. For although he kept him privy in his chamber, taking his pleasure and sport yet he conquered again that, which his predecessors had lost armed in the field, and their sword in their hands. Sir Bertram of Clesquy, in the quarrel of the French king, ●ye to Coch●r●l, vanquished and took prisoner a captain of the king of Navarre, called the captal de Beuffe, and slew a great number of his soldiers. Albergothus, Balens, & Angelus lawyers, johannes de Lineriis, an astronomer, johannes Bocarius, & Heuricus de Hassia were famous. Charles de Bloys encountered with john Mountfort which long before had striven for the duchy of Britain, of whom he was vanquished, taken, and slain, & many Frenchmen and britains, which took his part After which time the earl Mounfort, had quiet possession of that duchy. Henry the bastard not sustaining the injury and cruel tyranny of Peter his brother, king of Spain, by the counsel and comfort of the Roman bishop, and aid of the frenchmen and Arragones', expelled him out of the realm, and took on him the crown. Charles gave to his brother Phylyppe the Duchy of Burgoyne. Dampeter of Spain fled to prince Edward of Aquytayne, Anni regum Angli 39 The year of the world 5326 The year of Christ 1365 to whom he made complaint of the violence of his brother Henry, that expelled him out of his kingdom. There was an heretic burned in Spire, whose opinions were these, that Christ in the time of his passion was so forsaken of his father, that he doubted of his salvation: that Christ on the cross for wonderful torments and pains, cursed his mother that bore him, & the earth that received his blood: that a man may so much profit in this life, that he needeth not to fast and pray. Prince Edward entered Spain, The year of the world 5327 The year of Christ 1366 with a great puissance where he overcame the Spaniards and Frenchmen in a strong and fierce battle, Anni regum Angli 40 and expelled Henry the bastard, setting Peter in his former estate as king of Spain. But not long after the princes returning home Henry repaired his army, and warred upon his brother so fiercely, that in the end he utterly vanquished him and put him to death: and then without resistance possessed the kingdom of Spain. Uinceslaus was ordained the xii king of Boheme by his father Charles the emperor. Witcliffe, about this time was famous in England, who for speaking against the usurped power of the Roman bishop, and other enormities than accustomed in the church was called an heretic. King Edward of England gave commandment that Peter pence should be no more gathered & paid to Rome. The year of the world 5328 The year of Christ 1367 Prince Edward to arrere a fowage, set great taxes and impositions upon the people of Aquitaine, Anni regum Angli 41 which thing the earl of Arminake, of Bret, of Berigort and other nobles would not in any wise consent unto, but appealed to the french king for remedy, and in such wise persuaded him, that he, contrary to the league, summoned the prince to appear at Paris, by mean whereof the peace was broken, & open war again proclaimed between both princes, to the great mortality and desolation of the people on both parts, but the more loss & damage fell always to the king of England. In so much that in the end, he lost the more part of the lands which was granted him by the composition and agreement of peace. And fortune which the space of xl years had pleasantly smiled upon king Edward, now in his later days frowardly frowned & changed her copy. The year of the world 5329 The year of Christ 1368 Charles the emperor yode toward Italy with his wife and children. Anni regum Angli 42 In his journey he subdued to the empire of the cities of Luke and Miniate, which a certain time had rebelled, & were in subjection, the one to Pisa the other to Florence. The duke of Lancastre arrived at Calys, and entered France with a company of soldiers, where not far from Arde the duke of Burgoyne lodged within a mile of his army, with a great power the space of, xviii. days, and never proffered battle, but lastly stole away privylye in the night: and then entered the Duke further into France. The year of the world 5330 Urbane bishop of Rome returning into France left john Haucuth an englisheman, The year of Christ 1369 Anni regum Angli 43 as his chief captain to defend the right of the church against the rebels and other enemies, and not long after died. phylyp Duke of Burgoyne took to wife Margaret daughter of Lewis earl of Flaunders. Queen Philip of England died, which was a woman of great sanctimony and bulded the college in Oxford called queens college, Sir Robert knoles entered the realm of France with a strong army, and passed even by Paris ranged in battle, and throughout the countries of France robing and spoiling as he went without any notable battle, at which voyage by reason of dissension that ha●ned in the english host, divers men were slain and taken prisoners of their enemnes. Sir Bertam of Clesqui, a noble and valiant knight, was ordained Constable of France. He wan again many cities, towns, castles, and holds in Po●cters, Limosin▪ and other countries, from the king of England, and restored them to the signory of France. Gregory the xi bishop of Rome. The year of the world The year of Christ Anni regum Angli King David of scotland, making provision to go on pilgrimage to jerusalem ended his life. ¶ Robert Steward succeeded David of scotland, and reigned xix years. Charles the emperor by means of gifts which he promised the electors obtained his son Uinceslaus king of Boheme, Anni regum Angli 45 to be made Cesar, The year of the world 5332 The year of Christ 1371 and caused them of the empire to swear to him fealty and homage. The Earl of Penbroke, coming on the se to rescue the town of Rochel, was encountered with a float of Spaniards, which king Henry of Castille had sent to aid the French king. Of these Spaniards after cruel fight the Earl was taken, with sir Guiscarde de Angle, and other to the numbered of an .160. personnes, and the more part of his men slain and drowned. King Edward being sore displeased with the taking of the Earl of Penbroke, sent his son the prince into France, who by contrary winds was kept on the sea the space of xi weeks, and than returned again into England. Amurates king of Turks invaded Servia and Bulgaria. Lazarus king of Servia was slain in battle, and Amurates not long after murdered of his own servant. The year of the world 5333 The year of Christ 1342 Anni regum Angli 46 Bertram of Clesqu● Constable of France warred so fiercely upon john Earl of Mountforte, Duke of britain, because he seemed to favour the king of England that he was forced to forsake his lands and fly to king Edward▪ and that Duchy was well near all seized to the use of the French king. john of gaunt, Duke of Lancaster, entered by Cales into France, and passed throughout the reamle by Uermendois and Campaine just to Burdeaur in Aquitaine without battle. Not withstanding the great hurt and damage they did to the towns and countries as they passed. The year of the world The year of Christ 1373 Pazaites the four king of Turks. Anni regum Angli 47 The Genoese for certain disworship done to them invaded and spoiled the country of Cypress, and conquered the city of Famaugusta. They constrained also their king Petrine to pay unto them a great tribute the space of certain years. divers entreties of peace were made between the king of England and France▪ by mean of the bishop of Rome, but none was concluded. Anni regum Angli 48 The year of the world A great dearth ve●ed the country of italy ii years. The year of Christ 1374 The year of the world The people of Florence desirous of liberty, Anni regum Angli 49 gave occasion to many cities of italy to for sake the bishop of Rome's dominion, The year of Christ 1375 whereby ensued great tumultye and war in all the countrei. The people that first rebelled were the Tybernates, the P●rusines, Tudertines, Spole●āes, E●gubines, the citisyns of U●●erbium, Forolivium, and Asculum. Many wonderful sicknesses fell among the people, as well in italy as in England, whereof they died merua●lously. War and ruffling between borderers of England and scotland. The Duke of Britain, by the help of Englishmen recovered again many castles and towns. Gregory the xi contrary to the mind of the French king, departed out of France, and returned to Rome 70. years after the bishops see was first transferred out of jataly into France. Anni regum Angli 50 The year of the world 5337 The year of Christ 1376 Bishop Gregory excommunicated the Florentines but they little regarded his course, and cōs●eignedtheir priests to minister divine service. Prince Edward of England departed out of this life who was in his time the flower of chivalry. Andronicus expelled his father from the imperial dy●gnitie of Constantinople, whom the Venetians restored again to the empire, Whereby ensued great war between Venice and Genua, for the one took part with the father, the other with the son. King Edward the iii ended his life in Richemonte the xxii day of june. The year of the world 5338 The year of Christ 1377 The duke of Angeow, the constable of France, Owen, of Wales, with many other of the french part, made sore war in Gascoigne, Guyan, poitiers, and Britain and conquered again divers castles, towns, & cities, subject before to the king of England. Owen of Wales besieged Mortaine a year & an half, & there was slain by the treason of one of his servants. richard the ii the son of Prince Edward of Wales, was ordained king of England, being as yet but a seven years of age, Anni regum Angli 1 in bounty and liberality, he far passed all his progenitors, but he was over much given to rest and quietness, and loved little deeds of arms and martial prows, and for that he was young, he was most ruled by young counsel, and regarded nothing the advertisements of the sage and wise men of his realm. For the chief about him were of no wisdom nor estimation, which thing turned his land to great trouble, and of himself in fine to extreme misery. The French king sent a great navy to the sea, which entered in divers parts of this realm, and did much harm in the places where they landed. By the enticing of the Frenchmen, the Scots began to rebel, and a squire of theirs called Alexander Ramsei, with xl other, by stealth in a night took the castle of Barwike, which was rescued and recovered by the Earl of Northumberlande. War renewed again between the kings of France and of Navarre, The year of the world 5339 The year of Christ 1378 Anni regum Angli 2 who shortly after was allied with king richard of England. The Spaniards of Castille warred upon the king of Naverre, and besieged the city Pampelon. Charles emperor of almaine, came into France, where he being received with great honour and triumph, established with the king and his nobles perpetual amity and friendship. All that the king of Naverre had in Normandye became French saving one castle After Gregory the eleventh a great schism rose in the church of Rome for the election of the bishop. For the cardinals of Italy chose an Italian bishop, and named him Urbane the vi The cardinals of France in the city of Fondes electted Robert cardinal of basil, and named him Clement the vii These two blessed bishops, disallowed one the others election, and cursed each other with most cruel censures, so that mortal war between them was arreared to the utter disturbance of all Christendom. Germanye, hungary, England, Pannony and Italy favoured Urbane, France, Spain, Cateloine held with Clement, and thus began the schism, which continued .39, year. For never one of these holy bishops would give over, lest the tone should seem more meek and lowly than the other. The Germans vexed themselves with most cruel wars. Pazaites king of Turks, desirous to revenge the death of his father, made fierce war upon the camphors, and vanquished their king Marcus in a great battle, and subdued to his s●ignorye a great part of Bulgarie. The lord Nevell of England was sent with a company of soldiers to raise the siege before Mortaine in Po●ctou, and to aid the king of Naverre against the Spaniards of Castille. The year of the world 5340 The year of Christ 1379 Peace between the spaniards and the Naveroyes, Anni regum Angli 3 shortly thereupon died king Henrye Castille, and his son john succeeded in the kingdom. Fierce and deadly war between the Genoese and Venetians whereby all the east part of Europe was fore disquieted, & the seas was grievously vexed and troubled The Genoese vanquished the float of the Venetians in the haven of Pole. Lewis king of Hungary, by the exciting of bishop Urbane, led a puissant army against johan queen of Naples, who favoured the party of Clement the Antipape, and had given to him all her right and title to the kingdoms of Naples, Apulia, Sicily, Province, and other countries, which he committed to the earl of Angeow. Lewis at his first coming conquered the cite a retium, which long time had been vexed by the faction of the Guelphs and Gibelines. He received also by dedition the city of Naples. Uinec●laus king of Boheme, by the purchasinge and labouring of his father was ordained emperor of Almain, He was far unlike his father in all princely virtues. For he was cruel and outrageously desyrouns of pleasure, and aschewed all labour and business more curious of wine and delicates, than of the good ordering and governance of the common weal. Wherefore he was slenderly beloved of the people, & of them once or twice, cast in prison. Pisanus captain of the Venetians float, took conquered and spoiled two cities called Catarum and Sibinicum, belonging to the king of hungary. Anni regum Angli 4 About this tune guns were first in use, The year of Christ 1380 which were invented by one of Germany. The year of the world 5341 In Flanders through plenty and weith, grew pride and envy, whereof not long after ensued a great rebellion and cruel war between the commons of the town of Gaunt and their earl. This sedition and war continued a long time, to the great disturbance of the comtrey and ere it might be appeased it cost an hundred thousand men's lives. The earl of Buckingham, youngest son of king Edward the third passed by Cales throughout France into Britain, without battle, and ever destroyed the country as he went, and skirmyshed with the frenchmen. War between the king of Castille and of Portugal. Charles the vi being xii years of age, was ordained king of France, under the governance of his uncles, the Duke of Anjou, the Duke of Berr●y, the Duke of Burgoyne. etc. After long and cruel war both by sea and land, Anni regum Angli 5 peace was agreed between the genoese & Venetians. The year of the world 5342 The year of Christ 1381 The earl of Cambridge sailed into Portugal, with a company of men to aid the king against the king of Castille. By means of a payment that was set upon the people of England, the commons of the land, and especially of Kent and Essex, suddenly rebelled, and assembled together upon black heath to the number of .60000. and above, which had to their captains Watte Tiler, jack Straw, jacke Sheaparde, Tomme Myllar, Hob Karter, and other such noble personages. They caused much trouble and business in the realm, and chiefly about the city of London, where they practised much villainy in destroying many goodly places of the nobles as the Savoy and other, and being assembed in Smithfeld used themselves very proudly and unreverently toward the king, but by the manhood and wisdom of William Waulworth mayre of London, that rude company was dissevered, and fled as sheep to their own houses. Some writ that these rebels pretended cause of liberty, for that they were oppressed, and used as slaves by the nobles of the realm. Lewis duke of Angeow (to whom▪ bishop Clement had given the kingdom of Sicily, The year of the world 5343 The year of Christ 5382 Naples Puell, Anni regum Angli 6 and Calabre) went with an army of .30000. men, into Italy against his enemy Charles de la Pays, nephew to the king of hungary, who had cast the queen johan in prison, and held by force much of her lands, and took part with the Urbanistes. The rebellious flemings of Gaunt, after they had suffered great famine and poverty overcame their earl, & chased him so narrowly, that he was fain to hide him in the couch of a poor widow in the town of Bruges Charles the young, king of France pierced the country of Flaunders with a puissant army, where he vanquished the Gauntoys & other flemings in a strong battle, and slew of them well near .40000. A wonderful great earthquake in the realm of England, the like whereof was never seen before that day nor since, Bishop Urbane published in England and other countries, Anni regum Angli 7 free remission A pena & culpa to as many as would either give any thing, The year of the world 5344 The year of Christ 1383 or themselves take arms & war against the Clementines, & in like manner had Clement done before to his adherentes against the Urbanistes, so that either of the parts reputed other as heretics, and miscreants. Henry Spenser, bishop of Norwiche, at the commandment of Urbane, passed with great power of spiritual men and other into France, and so into Flanders and conquered the country before him, but by the great puissance of the french king, they were constrained to return without great worship, and lost as much as they had won. Marry the king of Hungaries' daughter, guided that kingdom after her father well near the space of ii years Lewis Duke of Angeow died in Italy, and the frenchmen returned into their country. Charles de La Payx, conquered, to his signory the kingdom of naples About this time the Turks wasted and burnt Bossina Croatia, Anni regum Angli 8 and the farther parts of Illyria. The year of the world 5345 The year of Christ 1384 The earl of Northumberland, with certain other borderers, made a voyage into scotland, and spoiled the country even to Edenbourgh. King Richard married a daughter of Uinceslaus, emperor of Almaigne. After the death of Lewis, earl of Flaunders, the heritage thereof fell to the Duke of Burgoyne. Anni regum Angli 9 The year of the world 5346 The year of Christ 1385 War in Portugal and Castille, in Flaunders, in Province, in France, in England, in scotland and in Italy. john surnamed Galetius, earl of Verone, took Bernabos, lord of milan his uncle, and kept him in prison all the days of his life, se●singe to his own use the whole lordship and signory of Lombary. The nobles of hungary finding them grieved, that they were governed by a woman, sent for Charles king of Naples, and Sicily, and ordained him their king at the city of Alba, who by the treason of Mary the queen and her mother Elizabeth, shortlyafter was murdered. In revenging whereof a noble man called johannes Banus of Horuach, slew the earl Palatine and one Blasyus, that were the doers of that mischief, and drowned Elizabeth the queens mother, in the river Dunaw, keeping Marie her daughter in prison until he hard of the coming of her husband Sigismunde, brother to the king of Boheme, and emperor of Rome. An army of frenchmen sailed into Scotland, where they accompanied with the Scots, pierced the borders of England, and spoiled the country cruelly. Against whom king Richard sped him with so great puissance that they were glad to give back into scotland, and shortly after returned into France with great disworshippe. At this voyage the king of England burnt the town of Edenbourgh, and all the country thereabout. King john of Portugal discomfited the king of Castille in a great battle, near to juberoth. In this conflict were slain many noble men of France and other countries, that came to aid the Castilians. The Saracens about this time vexed the emperor of Constantinople, & other countries of Grece. The Turks warred in hungary. Where many of them were slain at the streycte entering into the country. The k●ng of A●men●e was chased out of his country by the Saracens. The year of the world 5347 The duke of Lancastre, Anni regum Angli uncle to king Richard of England, The year of Christ 1384 sailed with a company of soldiers into Spain to make claim to the realm of Castille, for so much as he had taken to wife the eldest daughter of king Peter that was expelled his kingdom by Henry his bastard brother. He conquered the countrei of Galice, and made alliance with the king of Portugal. But by great mortality, which fell among his people, he was fain to dimisse his army, and shortly after lost all that he had won. The king and the lords of France made wonderful preparation for the expedition of a voyage into England There was ready appareled with great costs and charges in the haven of Sluse, and else where .1500. ships, with so great plenty of provision, and all things necessary that the like thereof was never seen in France. But this viage was stopped and broken by the means and counsel of the Duke of Berrei. Great fowages and tars were raised in France, and likewise in England, which was after cause of great mischief. marvelous dissension, The year of the world 5348 The year of Christ 1387 and trouble in England between the king and his counsel and other nobles and prelate's of the realm. Anni regum Angli 11 The commons by the aid and comfort of the kings uncles & other lords of the realm (that is the Duke of Gloucester, the Duke of York, the Earl of Derby, of Arundel, and of Nottingham) put to death divers of of the kings counsel and chief officers and chased the Duke of Ireland and other out of the realm, for that they caused the king to burdeine his people with exactions, and could make no just account of the same when they were required. While Scalager of Neron, and Frauncisce Carrary us of Padua, kept mortal war in Lombary, each against other, Galeatius of Milan wan from them both their cities, and adivigned them to his signory. The Scots invaded the borders of England. Sigismunde king of hungary xii years. He subdued Bosna and Croatia. A great breach between the French king and the Duke of Bretayne, because that he for envy took prisoner and ransomed the Constable of France, by mean whereof an other voyage was given up that the French lords had prepared in England. The Scots spoiled the town of Calingfurd in Ireland. The Duke of Britain alie● with the Englyshmen. The Scots this year broke into the borders of England, rob Cumber and Northumberlande, besieged New Castle, The year of the world 5346 The year of Christ 1388 Anni regum Angli 12 and discomfited and took prisoners the ii sons of the lord Persie of Northumberlande. A marriage entreated and finished between katharyne the Duke of Lancaster's daughter, and Henry the king of Castile's son, his other daughter Philip was married to the king of portugal, whereby the war in Spain was finished. The Duke of Britain reconciled himself to the French king, and swore to be true unto him. A great jousts and feast was holden this year in England. The year of the world 5350 The year of Christ 1389 Anni regum Angli 13 Pazaites king of Turks besieged Constantinople .8 years. After the death of Urbane Boniface the ix was ordained bishop of Rome in Italy, the Antipape Clement continued still in Avignon in France. Robert Earl of Fife, and the second son of king Robert, was made governor of scotland, because his father was waxen old, and not able to govern the realm This Robert invaded Northumberland, and spoiled the country. The universities of Coloyne and Erphurd, about this time were first found. A truce between England, France and Scotland for three years. The lords of England and France, at the intercession of the Genoese, The year of the world 5351 The year of Christ 1300 Anni regum Angli 14 made a vage into Africa against the Sarazens, where they besieged the city of Tunes, and spoiled the country there about, in the end a league was agreed, and the siege given up, on this condition, that the saracens should hold them within their bounds, and abstain from the sea costs of Italy & France. and the ylandes lying between Africa and Europe. But Frosard maketh mention of no such thing, but sayeth that the Christians departed suddenly from the city of Tunes, without any league or truce making fering divers perils and incidentes that might else have chanced to them He thereto P. Aemilius continued his his history. In England it was decreed, that the authority of the bishop of Rome should be ended with the Ocean sea, and that it should be lawful henceforth, to no man, to appeal to the bishop of Rome, or make suit, that any englishman should be cursed by his auctory, neither that any man should execute such commandment, though it were obtained of the bishop, on pain to lose all his goods and his body to perpetual prison. ¶ After the death of king Robert of scotland, john earl of Carreke his eldest son, succeeded & reigned .16. years, whom the Scotes called Robert after his father, because they thought john an unlucky name in a king he was maimed with the stroke of an horse in his youth & therefore was unable for the governance of the realm. Wherefore duke Robert of Albany, continued as governor all the time of his reign. Cruel war in Lombary between Galyatius lord of Milan, and the people of Florence and Bonony, The Earl of Armynack, coming with a great army to aid the Florentines, near to the city of Alexandrya, received a wound, whereof he died. Anni regum Angli 15 Peace between Galiatius and the Florentines. After the death of Clement the Antipape, The year of the world 5352 The year of Christ Bennet the xiii. was choose of the cardinals in France▪ the schism still continued between the ii bishops. This Clement granted to the French king the tenths of the clergy King Charles of France gave the Dukedom of orleans to his brother Lewis. The king of france making war into Britain, was suddenly taken with a frenzy. Anni regum Angli 16 Peter Gambacurta, lord of Pisa, and his sons, were slain by one Appian a common scribe which Appian took on him the governance and lordshib of that city. The year of the world 5353 The year of Christ Sigismunde king of Hungary, led an army against the people called Walachi, which desired aid of the Turks, whom, notwithstanding Sigismond vanquished▪ and by force took the town Niko●. Gerson, & Gorran divines, Ancoranus a famous lawyer, Nicolaus Florentinus, and Marsilius de S. Sophia physicians, johannes de sacro Busto an astronomer, flourished. King richard of England conceived a great displeasure toward the city of London, for a certain outrage or riot committed by the citisyns. For which cause he deprived them of their liberties, but the city was shortly after restored to the kings favour by the earnest suit and labour of Doctor Gravisend bishop of London, in memory whereof the mayor with his brethren, resort yearly ix, principal days to S. Paul's church. The year of the world 5354 The year of Christ 1393 A truce prolonged between France and England for three years. This year died queen Anne, Anni regum Angli 17 wife to king richard. john and Albriche, lords of Cume, Anni regum Angli 18 reduced all Italy into one fellowship or company of S George, The year of the world 5355 The year of Christ 1394 and teaching them to bear arms in defence of themself, expelled from them all foreign soldiers and stranger, as Germans. Englishmen, Bretaines, and other, whose aid and help they had used before time in defending their country. King richard made a voyage into Ireland, which was more to his charge than honour. A great tempest of wind in England. Galias lord of milan was made a Duke by the emperor, The year of the world 5356 The year of Christ 1395 Anni regum Angli 19 this Galeas favoured the Turks & was a lied with their king. A truce for .30. years between England and France and king richard took to wife Isabella the daughter of Charles the French king. The king of Hungary with aid of the Frenchmen passed the river of Dunaw, The year of the world 5357 The year of Christ 1396 Anni regum Angli and led a great army into Bulgarye and Turkey, where by force they conquered divers towns, and besieged Nicopolis, but than Basaach or Pazaitos' king of Turks encountered them with great puissance, & the by pride of the frenchmen, vanquished and slew many Christians, and took prisoner john the son of the Duke of Burgoyne, with divers lords of of France, the king of Hungary escaped hardly in the chase. The duke of Gloucester, king Richard's uncle, with the earl of Arundel and other, was put to cruel death for so much as they rebuked the king in certain 〈◊〉 over liberally, Anni regum Angli 21 The year of the world The year of Christ 1397 and endeavoured to excite the commons to break the peace made with the frenchmen, and to depose the king, whom they accused of slothfulness, negligence and misgoverning of the common weal. Anni regum Angli 22 Henrye Bolinbroke Duke of Hereforde, and the duke of Norfolk were banished out of the realm. The year of the world 5359 The year of Christ 1398 King Richard let the realm of England to serme to sir William Scrope, earl of Wiltshire, and certain other knights. Emanuel Chrisoloras brought again the knowledge of the Greek tongue in Italy, which had been as it were banished out of that country the space of .v. age's King Richard went with an army into Ireland. At this time reigned in Scythya a cruel, fierce, and bloody tyranny named Tanberlanis, which subdued to him well near all the east part of the world, and lastly with an unnumerable multitude of men, invaded the Turks lands, with whom Pazailes their king met, and in the confines or marches of Gala●ia & Bithynia, near the mountain St●lla, g ave to him a sore battle in the which fell on the Turks party. 2●000. and Pazai●es, the king himself was taken prisoner. After which time this Tartarian Tamberlanis, conquered all the lands between Tanais and Nilus, and vanquished in battle the great soldan of Egipte, chased him beyond Nilus, and took also the city Damascus▪ Mahomet king of Turks, after Pazai●es, reigned xvii. years, and wrought much scathe to the Christians. Henrye Bolinbroke, duke of H●rforde, which was banished into France, being sent for of the Londoners came into England with a small power, to whom the commons gathered in so great multitude, and forsook their prince, that not long after at the caste●l of flint, they took king Richard, and held him as prisoner in the tower of London, where he yielded up and resigned to the said Henry Duke of Herforde all his power and kingly title to the crown of England and France, knowlaging, that he was worthily deposed for his demerits and misgoverning of the common weal. War in Lombary between Galias duke of milan and the cities of Florence and Mantua. Boniface bishop of Rome, went to Perusia, to set agreement between the nobles and the commons of the city which were fallen at variance. A great noumbre of people in France, were vexed and died of the plague Ipedimic. The year of the world 5360 The year of Christ 5399 A blazing star was seen at the same time with beams of most fervent fire. HEnrye the four was ordained king of England more by force, as it appeared, Anni regum Angli 1 than by lawful in●cession or election, which thing turned him to much unquietness, & caused often rebellion in this realm of courage he was noble and valiant, and after the civil wars was appeased, showed himself very gentle and loving to his subjects. Henry his son was made prince of wales. Galias duke of milan bought the city of Pyse of Robert the son of james Ap●●an. He received also by composition and fair promises the city of Perusium which belonged to the bishop of Rome, and not long after brought to his subjection Bononia and Luca, whereby his seig nory was greatly augmented. This year a certain priest, arrayed all in white, came out of the alpes into Italy, bringing with him a number of men, in the same apparel, called the white sect or fellowship, which sect of white companions, Bonyface the bishop of Rome disperc●ed, and burned the priest, that was their head and master. Bishop Boniface, at the intercession of his people, returned to the city of Rome, which thing he refused to do, until they had granted to receive a senator or governor of their city at his appointment, & that a stranger, and none of the city, according to the decrees of his predecessors, this senator wss called Malatesta, being before of the city Pizaurie. Mahomet the Turk murdered Orchane his brother. The year of the world The year of Christ 1400 Sir john holland Duke of Exeter, Anni regum Angli 2 brother to king Richard and the dukes of Amnarke and of Surrey with the earls of salisbury and of Gloucester, & other that favoured Richard of Burdeur, conspired against king Henry, and appointed privily to murder him at a feast and jousts, which should be holden at Oxenford or as some writ at a mumming in the castle of Windsor But how it was, their treason was disclosed, and they all for the same put to death, with as many knights & squires as were of that alliance and confederacy. King Richard was put to death in the tower of London, and carried through the city that men might see him and so conveyed to the abbey of Langlei, & there buried A certain priest was burned in Smithfielde. Uariance in Scotland, between the earl Douglas, and the earl of March, for which the earl of March fled into England, and after wrought the Scots much wo. Sigismunde, king of hungary, caused to be put to death xxxii of the noble men of his realm, wherefore in his absence, certain of the people sent for Ladyslaus from Naples, and made him their king, shortly after Sigismond recovered again his kingdom by strength and force of arms: but yet it was not long ere that he was again taken, of the nobles of his realm, and cast in prison at the town of Soclos, and there kept a good space, being put into the hands of a widow whose husband he had put to death, whom he entreated with so fair words and promises, that he was set at his liberty, and recovering again his kingdom, put to death Stephen Uuayvoda. In England sir Roger Clarin●on a knight, The year of the world 5362 The year of Christ with his two. servants, Anni regum Angli 3 the prior of La. and viii grey friars were hanged at Tyburn, for making of taunting and scoffing rhymes and verses against the king. King Henry went toward Wales to quiet a rebellious sedition, which was arreared among the Welshemen, by one Owen of Gleandere War between Galias of milan and the Florentines. Uinceslaus the emperor, for his cowardice and unhonest life, was deposed, and Rubertus or Robertus duke of bavarie, advanced to the imperial authority, by the electors of germany. This emperor went into Italy against Galiatius of Milan but he prevailed nothing The bishop of Rome published a law, that, no priest should be admitted to a benefice, until he had paid the first fruits of the same, whereby he was made lord of the world. Ladislaus the son of Charles, who was before king of Naples, was restored again to his father's kingdom About this time sir Henrye Persie earl of Northumberlande, The year of the world 5363 The year of Christ made a voyage into scotland, Anni regum Angli 4 in the quarrel of Mumbray earl of March. Patrick Hepburne invading the borders of England was discomfited and many of his men slain and taken prisoners. Sir Thomas Percy Earl of Worcester & Henry percy, son to the earl of Northumberlande rebelled and gathered a great power against king Henry of England with whom they encountered near to Shros●bury, but to their own confusion, for in that conflict was slain sir Henrye Spenser with divers noble men on both parts and prince Henry the kings son wounded, with an arrow in the face, Sir Thomas percy was taken, & after beheaded, his brother the Earl of Northumberland fled for fear into scotland. Galiatius duke of milan, departed out of this life and gave to john his son the duchy of milan to Philipye the lordship of Pavia. After his decease rose many tyrants in Italy, which vexed that country with most cruel sedition and war. For the number of xxv. cities forsook the dominion of the lords of milan, and chose to them private governors. Mahomet the Turk, when he had slain his brother obtained alone the kingdom, who after the death of the Tartacian Tanberlanis, recovering again his father's dominion, vexed with extreme murder and slaughter the camphors and Walaches, & took the city Hadrianopolis, which he made his seat royal. The year of the world 5364 The year of Christ The emperor Robert came into England only to see the country and commodities thereof, Anni regum Angli 5 where he was received with great triumph. Cambaleschia, Nepta●um and Quins●li, great cities of Scythia under the dominion of the Tartarians, were first founden. Great dissension and variance in France between the Dukes of Burgoyne and Orliance, Anni regum Angli 6 The year of the world 5365 The year of Christ in so much that mortal war was arreared on both parts, to the great dysturbance and unquietness of the realm. Certain of the Bretaines and Frenchmen, which the year before had spoiled and rob the town of Plymouth, were discomfited and slain of the englishmen in a battle on the sea near the town of Dartmouth. james Steward, the son of Robert king of scotland, sailing into France, was taken by the English men, and holden as prisoner xviii years, as witnesseth the Scottish history. Anni regum Angli 7 Sir richard Escape archbishop of York, The year of the world 5366 The year of Christ and divers other of the house of the lord Mumbray, for grudge that they b●re toward king Henrye, gathered to them a great power of Scots and Northumber's, intending to have deposed him from all kingly authority, but he had knowledge thereof, & made against them in so speedy wise that he came upon them uwares, and taking the said bishop with his alyes, commanded them to be headed at York. Emanuel emperor of Constantinople. Innocent the vii a cruel tyrant, was bishop of Rome after Boniface ii years. He made his nephew Lewis Marquis of Pisa and prince of Firmium. The Venetians by force of war won from Francyse Carratius the cities of Verone and Paul, and taking him with his brother, caused them to be put to death at Venice. Innocent bishop of Rome, cruelly put to death xii of the chief men of the city, Anni regum Angli 8 The year of the world 5367 The year of Christ because the required of him instantly, to pro vyde some means to avede the schysme that had been long in the church, and to reform divers other enormitees, which were used as well in the city of Rome as also in the countr●● of Italy. Which cruelty the people taking very grievously, sent for Ladislans king of Naples, who came to Rome with such puissance, that he caused the bishop and Lewis his nephew to forsake the city. Than Paulus Ursines, that took part with the bishop, encountered Ladislaus in the fields of Nero, and him vanquished and put to flight. Shortly after the people were reconciled to the bishop▪ Charles lord of Cremona was traitorously murdered of his subject Cabrinus Fuludulus. Gucecaldus lord of Geane, made war on the Duke of Milan in the quarrel of the French king. King Robert of scotland, for sorrow that his son james was taken prisoner, ended his life, after him Robert his brother, & Duke of Albany, governed the Scots a good season, the english histories refer his death and the taking of his son, to the xiiii year of king Henrye. The year of the world The year of Christ Sir Henrye Persy Earl of Northumberlande, and the lord Bardolph, Anni regum Angli 9 coming out of Scotland with a strong company, to work displeasure to king Henry of England, were encountered, van●●uished and taken by the gentlemen and commons of the North, and their heads being stricken of, were sent to London, The university of Croconia in Polony began. Gregory, the xii was bishop of Rome, he promised to give up his bishopric, if Bennet the Antipape would do the same. But when Bennet fled from avignon to Spain▪ he called again his promise, and would not resign. The Duke of orliance was murdered at Paris by means of the Duke of Burgoyne, who shortly after died, but this grudge was so derived also to their children, that the deadly hatred was still maintained with mortal ware Salicetus, a favous lawyer, and Chrysoloras, which restored the Greek tongue, at this time flourished. A frost in England continued xu weeks. Anni regum Angli 10 The year of the world The year of Christ Edmund holland, admiral of England, scoured the seas, and wan the castle Briake in Britain, where he received his deaths wound. The year of the world In England was held a great jousts between the Henoways and Englishmen, The year of Christ Anni regum Angli 11 in the which were many seathe of arms done to the honour and advancement of the Englyshmen. A tailor was bourned in London for opinions concerning the sacrament of the altar. Anni regum Angli 21 The year of the world 5371 The year of Christ The commons' of England presented a bill to king Henry, desiring him to take the temporal lands from the spiritual men's hands, the effect of which bill was this, that the temperali●●es d● or●ina●ly wasted by mea●● of the church, might suffice to find to the king xu 〈◊〉 xv. hundred k●●ghtes. 620●. squires, and an hundred houses of alms to the rel●efe of poor people, and ●●er all this twenty M. pounds yereely to the kings exchequer, Provided that every Earl should have of yearly ●ect. three M. marks every knight an hundred mark, and four plough land, every squire xl mark with two plough land, and e●ery house of alms an. C. mark with over sight of two. true secular men unto every house, to this bill none answe●re was made. R●se ap Dee of Wales, which had long rebelled against the king, was put to death at London. The university of Paris was at this time of so great power and actoritie in France, that every noble man was glad to have their favour. A counsel holden at the city of Pize, where both Gregory and B●nn●t were deposed, and alexander the .v. chosen bishop of Rome, Gregory and Bennet, that deposition notwithstanding, ●el●e still the title of the ●apalyti●, and so were there three bishops until the counsel of Constance. The Hungaryans' vere sore the city of Rome in the quarrel of the king of Naples. Ale●ander in 〈◊〉 counsel of ●ise, deprived Ladislaus of the kingdom of 〈◊〉 of Naples, publyshinge that it belonged to ●ewes Duke of Ang●ow, who still wrat himself king of Sicily. The Florentines bought the city Crotona of Ladislaus. Anni regum Angli 31 This year upon the xii day of October, the river of Thamis flowed three times. The year of the world The year of Christ In scotland was great dissension and civil war between Donalde of the ●les, and Robert the governor for the earldom of Ros. King Henry sent a company of soldiers ●nto France, to aid the Duke of O●●●●nce against 〈◊〉 Duke of Burgoyne. john the xxvi bishop of Rome four years. ●. months He willed the electors to choose Sigismunde king of Hungary, to be emperor. john the bishop tarried at B●no●ia, Gregory at Armin●●m, Benet in Spain. The city of Poule was vexed with the sedition of the Guelphs and Gibelines. The university of S. Andrew's began in Scotland john the young Duke of milan was murderer of his own people. ¶ Sigismonde son of the four Charles, king of Boheme of hungary, was ordained emperor, and reigned .27. years. He was a prudent, witty, learned and noble prince, in person and countenance of such majesty as was comely and meet only in a great monarch and ruler of the world, but in war and deeds of arms unfortunate, for he was oftentimes overthrown and chased of the Turks and other enemies. Ladyslaus king of Naples, conquered the city of Rome. The year of the world The year of Christ 1413 HEnry the .v. was crowned king of England, Anni regum Angli 1 and reigned x years, he was a prince of great noble●nesse and prows, of statute & parsonage raule and slender, of nature gentili and liberal▪ in de●es of arms expert and cunning, whereby he conquered manfully his enemies, and brought France to his subjection. Before the death of his father, he applied and gave himself to all vice and insolency of life, and drew unto him riotous and wildly disposed persons, but when he was admitted to the rule of the land, suddenly he became a new man and turned all that rage of wildness into sober & wise behaviour, and vice into virtue. And that he might not be again corrupted, he charged all his old companions that upon pain of their li●es, none of them should come within ten m●les of the place that he was lodged in. By procurement of the emperor Sigismond a great counsel was holden at Constance for the union of the church, which continued the space of four years, to what profit of the church let him judge that hath diligently re●de the histories of that time, Anni regum Angli 2 The year of the world 5375 The year of Christ with the acts of the counsel, and well considered, what thereof ensued In this counsel were the t●re bishops deposed, the doctrine of Wick●●effe condemned, and M. john hus with Hieronomus of prague adjudged to be burned for preaching against the bishop of Rome's usurped power. johan the sister of Ladislaus, a woman of notable lightness and 〈◊〉, succeeded her brother in the kingdom of Naples. King Henr● of England sent an ambassade to Charles the french king, making claim to the realm of France, to whom answer was made with great jesting and scoffing. In England, for so much as sir Ole●stell knight was a●peched of heresy and flew the land, Anni regum Angli 3 The year of the world 5376 The year of Christ 1413 many of his adherentes extending a commotion assembled them in great noumbre. Whereof the king being informed by strength took many of them. Of which noumbre .38. were after for the same hanged and brent in Thickettes' field beside. S. Giles at London john Husse was burned for preaching against the bishop of Rome. It is written that a little before his death he said in this wise. The money of hus hath this inscription on the one part. when a hundred years be come and gone, ye shall answer to god and to me. And in likewise. In the year 〈◊〉 lord .1415, john Husse was condemned. In the other part ye read, believe that there is only one catholic church. Ammurates the son of Mahomates king of Turks 34. years. john the. ●i. king of Spain or Castille .50. years. While king Henry was shiping of his people into France, Anni regum Angli 4 si●●●charde earl of ●ambridge, The year of the world 5377 The year of Christ sir 〈◊〉 Scrope 〈◊〉 o● England, and sir Thomas Grace knight were 〈◊〉 for treason, and so strayetlye 〈◊〉, that it was con●●ssed, that they were purposed to have sla●ne the king, by the corrupting of the frenchmen, wherefore they were all three adjudged to die there presently. King Henry, when he had taken the town of 〈…〉 in normandy, was compassed and enclosed with a wonderful great host of frenchmen, in the which 〈…〉. ●l. thousand fighting men, at which 〈◊〉 not withstanding that he had with him not passing .13 00. f●o●em●n, and ii thousand spears, of which man● 〈…〉 and diseased, by the grace of god and a noble polly● by him invented, he discomfited his enemies & slew of them to the number of .10000. and took prisoners w●l near as many. His policy was, that ●uerye be 〈◊〉 should prepare him a sharp picked stake, and at the encountering of ehe horsemen to pitch the sa●e before him and suddenly to retire back, shooting wholly together with great violence, by which means a great number was distressed, and the whole host discomfited. This is called the battle of Ag●ncourte. Antonius de Butrio, a lawyer, Ualescus and Monteger rana, phisic●ons, ●eonardus Are●●nus and Pogius learned men flourished, Hieronomus of prague was condemned by the counsel of Constantine, and burned. Of the great learning eloquence, and honest life of this man, with the hole story of his death, read in the epistle of Pogius written to one Nicolas. In Boheme after the burning of hus and Jerome, was a great tumulty, sedition and civil war. For the common people, which favoured hus, gathered together in great noumbre, and by the rashness of their leaders, exercised many cruel deeds. This sedition increased much by the ●s●●mmate negligence and cowardice of their king Uenceslaus. W●an 〈◊〉 th● .v. was chosen bishop of Rome, Anni regum Angli 5 by the agreement of the counsel, The year of the world 1378 The year of Christ 1407 and the other iii deposed the emperor Sigismunde made mention of the reformation & amendment of manners, as well of the clergy as of the laytee, that by negligence and over much licece were greatly corrupted but it pleased the bishop to defer that matter to an other time, and departed toward Rome contrary to the emperors will and pleasure. The emperor Sigismunde came in to England to entreat a meanus of peace between the king of England and France, but all was in vain. For in the end no peace could be agreed upon. King Henr● made an other viage into Normandye wh●● he won the castle of Towike, the towns of Can●l Lovers, Falois, Newlin, Cherburgh, Arg●nti●●, ● Baova, with divers other strong castles, holds, abbeys, and pi●es, and lastly besieged the city of Rouen. Anni regum Angli 6 Philipe the son of ●alias, The year of the world The year of Christ 1418 by force of arms made claim to his father's Dukedom of milan, and won divers cities from the new tyrants, Brachius a noble man of Italy, conquered from the bishop of Rome well near all S ●e●●rs patrimony. Debate and variance in France between the dolphin and the Duke of Burgoyne, which turned the realm to great misery. At the same time, one john Uilla●s by the procurement of the duke of Burgoyne (as the common fame went) entered by night into the city of Paris with a company of men, and went where the king was and gat the rule of his person, and after murdered within the city them that they knew to bear any rule, to the number of iii thousand. john Duke of Burgoyne, The year of the world 5380 The year of Christ 1419 which was the occasioner of the duke of Orliance death, Anni regum Angli 7 was slain in presence of the Dolphin. King Henrye of England, after that with great nobleness and manhood he had continued his war in France, conquered Rouen, subdued all Normandy, and by composition, with the lords was proclaimed regent of France. for term of the life of Charles being than king, and after his decease the crown of France with all rights belonging to the same, to remain to king Henry and to his heirs. For confirmation where of he took to wife Katherine the daughter of Charles. By this treaty it was also agreed, that king Henrye with the Duke of Burgoyne, & all the power of France should pursue the Dolphin, as an enemy of the realm, because he endeavoured to let the peace as much as layt in ' him Sigismond the emperor succeeded his brother Winceslaus in the 〈◊〉 of Boheme. There was in Boheme a new sect of fantastical people, called 〈◊〉, which went altogether naked and used their 〈…〉 saying that they were only free, and all other bond, which company of heretics (for cruelty that they used) was supressed by Zische, chief captain of them which pretended to favour Husse, which than was of great power, and his adherentes, were named Thahori●es a new city that they had builded. The year of Christ 1420 Amurates king of Turks, Anni regum Angli 8 in manliness and prows far passed all his predecessors, The year of the world but he was cruel and most grievously vexed the christians, his 〈…〉 he made against the king of Servia, from whom after long siege he wan Scopia and Fewmoun●, and took in battle twyo of his sons, whom he bereft of their sight, but after he took their sister in marriage and restored Newmount. Then he invaded the Ulaches, Hungarians, and Almains, and after turned into Epire, and conquered Croia. Finally he provoked against him the power of the Venetians, by taking from them. Thessalonica. Sigismunde took on him the crown of Boheme. john Zischa captain of the Thaborites, brought under his subjection well near all Boheme, and at divers ●n countries discomfited Sigismunde the emperor, in so much that he was fain to entreat Zyscha, privily to favour his pa●t, and make the Bohemes acknowla●e him for their king. Philip duke of Milan, with great success subdued and conquered all his father's heritage of lombardy, and took the city of Geane. Katherine the daughter of king Charles of France The year of the world The year of Christ 1421 was crowned queen of England with great solemnity Anni regum Angli 9 The Duke of Clarence king Henry's brother of England, was overset by the Dolphin of France and slain to the kings great displeasure. Mordo Steward, son to 〈◊〉 Roberte was made governor of Scotland after his father's death. Martin the bishop ca●e to Rome, and was received with wonde●rfull io●e of the people & nobles of the ●y●ie. King Henr● went again into France, and made war upon the Dolphin. The river Tiber overflowed the city of Rome & th●● about. Anni regum Angli 10 The year of the world The year of Christ Great trouble and war in the kingdom of Naples, by the unconstancy of johan the queen, which took by ●doycion for heir Alphons king of Arragon. Lewis Earl of Ange●●● was pronounced king of Sicily, & Naples by the bishop of Rome▪ to which, appointment agreed johan the queen, & refused Alphons, whom before the had chosen heir. King Henry departing out of this life in France, ordained his brother Hūfr●ai Duke of Gloucester to be protector of England, and the Dukes of bedford and of Burgoine to be regentes of the realm of France. Ammurates emperor of Turks, after great conquests and victories, made himself a monk of the religion of Mahomet. Charles the vi king of France ended his life which had been vexed with a frenzy the space of xxxii years, to the great discouraging and incommodity of the realm, by reason of whose death the realm and crown of France by right of composition fell to the young king Henrye of England. HEnrye the vi was proclaimed king of England being yet an infant of eight months of age, Anni regum Angli 1 The year of the world 1384 The year of Christ wherefore continuing the time of his youth he was committed to the tuition & governance of the noble Duke Hamfrel of Glouster his uncle, when he came to man's state, he was of wit and nature simple, gentle & meek and loved better peace than war, quietness of mind, than business of the world, honest, than profit, rest and ease, than trouble and care, all trouble, vexation, unquietness, & injuries that ever happened to him (which were many and great he suffered so patiently, that, he reputed them to be worthily sent to him of god for his offences He favoured good letters excellently well, in token whereof, he erected ii famous colleges, the one at Cambridge, called kings coled goe, the other at Ac●on, by means whereof good learning greatly increased. A priest was burned in London for heresy, called William Tailor. A general counsel at Pavia in Italy. Philip of Milan conquered Gean, and made war on the Florentines. The year of the world 5385 The year of Christ 1424 The Duke of bedford regent of France, warred so fiercely upon the Dolphin, Anni regum Angli 2 that he wane from him many strong holds and towns, and near to a town called U●rnoyle discomfited his whole power, to the great loss of his enemies. For in the fight were slain the Earls of Turon and Brucam, with the Uicount of Narbon, and divers other men of name, & of the commons were slain v. thousand, or after the English chronicles ten thousand Which adventure Pollidore affirmeth to have chansed in the year following. james the king of Scots son, was delivered out of England, and at Stone was crowned of scotland. He was a virtuous and good prince, given more to the ministering of justice than the troubles of war, he was himself well learned and favoured all learned men. Sir john Mortimer hanged and drawn for treason. The year of the world 5386 Brachias the tyrant of jataly, which of long time had disquieted the country, The year of Christ 1425 Anni regum Angli 3 was vanquished and slain of the bishops soldiers. The Duke of Britain forsook the Englishmen, and allied him with the Dolphin. The Prince of Portugal came into England. The year of the world 5387 The year of Christ 1426 Grudge & variance between the Duke of Gloucester protector of England, Anni regum Angli 4 and his half brother the bishop of Winchester, which was appeased by the regent of France. james Steward, the iii son of Duke Mordo rebelling against king james in scotland, was chased in to Ireland. The Venetians & Florentines were confederate and made sharp & fierce war upon the Duke of Milan Carmignola, The year of the world The year of Christ 1427 Anni regum Angli 5 by whose manhood and policy Philip of Milan had recovered and augemented his heritage, forsook him▪ and went to the Venetians. In England was very unseasonable weathering, for it reigned most part continually from Easter to michaelmas, whereby hay and corn were greatly huyd●●●d. The englishmen besieged the city of Orleans, continuing the time of which siege, the noble and valiant knight sir Thomas Montague was slain by a great misfortune, whose death was the beginning of all misery to the Englyshmen. For after this mishoppe they lost by little and little all their possession in France. Alexander, lord of the ●les, and shortly after donald his brother, rose with a great power against king james of scotland. In these days was in France a young woman about xx. year of age, Anni regum Angli 6 The year of the world 5389 The year of Christ 1428 which by sorcery and devilish ways was in great estimation with the Dolphin, saying that she was a messenger sent of god to reconquire for him his heritage from the Englyshmen. This woman was armed and road in man's apparel in war far the space of ii years▪ and did many wonderful feats, and got from the Englyshmen many towns and holds. Certain thieves and Robbers caused ●●fflyng and business in scotland. War began between Luca and Florence in Italy Anni regum Angli 7 Charles the Dolphin was crowned king of France by his allies and confederates. The year of the world 5390 The year of Christ Paulus Guinisius lord of Luke in Italy, was taken by the treason of his people, and given into the hands of the Duke of Milan, by whom he and his children were kept in prison. The war continued between the people of Boheme and the emperor. The bishop of Winchester, being ordained cardinale of Martin bishop of Rome, led an army against the Bohemes. King Henry, the vi being about the age of viii years was crowned at Westminster. Anni regum Angli 8 One apreached of heresy was burnt in smithfield, and not long after an other at Tower-hill, The year of the world 5391 The year of Christ called richard Hunden. johan the holy woman of France, in whom the Dolphin had put all his trust, was taken by one sir john Luxenburge, and adjudged to be brent. At Abyngton began insurrection of certain light and unruly persons, that intended to have wrought much● sorrow so the priests, which commotion was quieted by the lord protector, and the thief author punished Henry the vi was crowned king of France at Paris The year of the world 5362 The year of Christ 1431 Philip Duke of milan was vanquished in a batta●le by the Venetians and Florentines, Anni regum Angli 9 in the haven of Geane, after which time cruel and fierce war was continued between them, to the grievous loss and damage of both parts. War was raised against the king of hungary by servants and slaves. Eugenius. the four a man utterly unlearned, veing ordained bishop of Rome, demeaned himself so nicely, that cruelty debate and variance happened between him & the family of the noble men called Columni, in so much that in the city was fought a sore battle, wherein many men were slain and hurt. Thomas Bargl●● pryest, was accused of heresy, and burned. At Top●rium, a town near to Pis●. the Myllan●ur●s were vanquished taken and slain of the Florentines. The year of the world 5393 The year of Christ 1432 Anni regum Angli The Emperor came into italy. johan Queen of Naples ended her life. King Henry returned out of France, and was received at London with great preparation of sights and pageants, The Earl of Huntingdon was sent with a company of sonlotous into France, Anni regum Angli 11 wh●re he achieved many great feats of arms. The year of the world 5364 The year of Christ Sigimunde the emperor was crowned with the imperial Diadem of Eug●●us the bishop of Rome, Peace between Philip of Milan & the Uenteyans. Duke Philiyp of milan turned his whole power and strength against Eugenius the Roman bishop, in so much that the bishop by his means was vexed with of cruel war, both at home of his citizens, that he was expelled out of Rome, & also of foreign enemies, that all the land belonging to the church of Rome was at the hands of his enemies. In Naples, after the decease of johan the old queen some of the nobility sent for Renatus the brother of Lewis duke of Angeow lately deceased whom johan by her last will and testament had left for her heir willing to choose him for their king and governor. But divers other sent for Alphons king of Arragone being asthan in Sicily, willing him by force ofarmes to rejoice the kingdom of Naples to his posterity. By which means cruel war was arreared between the parties which continued a long season. The lord Talbote, with a goodly company, The year of the world 5395 The year of Christ 1434 sailed into France, Anni regum Angli 12 where he wrought much woe to the frenchmen. but that notwithstanding they won always upon the englishmen both in France and in Normandye. johannes Paleologus emperor of Constantinople. The Genoese in a battle on the sea near to ●a●e●a vanquished and took Alphons king of Arragone, and his brother the king of Navarre, with divers other noble men, whom they sent to the lord Philippe of milan as prisoners who, immediately let them at liberty with out fine or ransom, wherewith the Genoese finding themself sore grieved, forsook the empire and dominion of Philip and claimed their ancient liberties. johannes Uitellescus. Patriarch of Alexandria, and chief leader of the bishop of Rome's army conquered the city of Rome, and all the lands belonging to the church, by the aid and help of a captain called ●●oria, through whose prows and success in war the bishop Eugenius became very ha●t and proud. A great counsel holden at Arras in Picardy for entreaty of peace between England and France but their minds were so obstinately set on war, Anni regum Angli 13 The year of the world 5396 The year of Christ 1438 that nothing might content them. The duke of Burg oyne, which to this time had m●ynteyned the english party, through great gifts 〈◊〉 him with Charles king of France, and became biter enemy to the king of England, soon after died the noble prince john Duke of bedford, after whose death all things went backward with the Englishmen in France. At this time was kept the counsel of Basile without any profit to the church and to the great trouble and disquietness of the same. For there was a long season horrible contention among the prelate's and bishop's there assembled, whether the authority of the Roman bishop were of more power than a general counsel or not. In so much that of divers learned bishops and other it was concluded, that the bishop of Rome was an heretic and by their censures was deposed because he would not obey the authority of the general counsel. Eugenius the bishop perceived that the counsel intended divers things contrary to his prerogative, endeavoured by all means possible to delay the same counsel, or to transfer it to some other place, where more favour should be showed him, as at Bononia, Ferr●ria, Florentia or other where, but by the advertisement of the emperor he granted it to proceed at Basile, but there present he would not be for any thing. The year of the world 5397 The year of Christ 1436 Charles of France recovered by treason the city of Paris, Anni regum Angli 14 and wan by force the town of Harflew and of S. Denis, expelling and murdering the Englishmen in great number. Lewis the Dolphin, son of Charles took to wife Margaret the daughter of the king of Scots. The duke of Burgoyne besieged the town of Cales. but when he hard of the coming of the duke of Gloucester protector of England he fled in all haste, leving much of his ordinance behind him, to his great dishonour whom the duke of Gloucester pursued a xi days bourning & destroying the country as he went even to S. Omers The sects of the Bohemes called Orphans and Thabor●tes, were vanquished in battle by the barons and noble men of the country, & after the discomfiture many thousands of them burnt and destroyed with fire in the common barns, into the which they were gotten and enclosed by a train and deceit invented by the nobles▪ After which time the country of Boheme became subject to the emperor, & acknowlaginge him for their king, 〈◊〉 continued all his life time. The king of Scots was traitorously slain of his own men, Anni regum Angli 15 The year of the world The year of Christ which were after taken and put to most painful death. All the Lions died in the tower of London, which had lived there a long time. Sigismunde the emperor departed out of this life. Albert duke of Ostrich, king of Boheme and Hungary was made emperor. He was a religious and devout prince, for his liberality, justice, and manliness in arms greatly renowned. He subdued the Bohemes, brought in subjection the people of Moravia, and Marmacia, and prepared a great power against the turk. About this time the turks being vanquished and overthrown in a great battle by the Hungarians desired a truce for x, years. The cardinal of the holy cross, by the appoyn●tmente of Eugenius bishop of Rome, began the counsel of Ferraria, to the which came john Paleologus emperor of Constantinople, with the patriarch and divers other noble men of Grece, to the intent to treat a unity between the Latins and the Greeks which was there concluded, and one church made of them both. The war was renewed between Philip of milan and the Venetians to the great murder and desolation of both parts. Eugenius, by the authority of the counsel of basil was deposed, and Amodius duke of Savoy in France chosen in his place, but Eugenius notwithstanding continued still as bishop and would not resign. Anni regum Angli 6 U●lla which restored again the puritee of the Latin tongue▪ Trapezuntius, Blondus, The year of the world 1499 The year of Christ johannes de●mmola a lawyer, Guanerius and Hugo Senensis phisityons Gazulus, Rhagusinus, and johannes Gnaundensis astronomers flourished. About this time were seen in Italy ii great swarms of Pissemers coming out of a pear tree, which fought so fiercely each with other, that many were slain on both parts, and not long before in France a flock of crows and another of Gossehaukes, met in the air, & fought so long, that the blood and feathers appeared after in great plenty. Zensa, king of Persie, he was a famous philosopher The counsa●le of Ferrate by reason of a great pestilence was transferred to Florence, The year of the world The year of Christ 1439 Anni regum Angli 17 where the christians at Armenia, and Indie consented to the Roman church, and the Greeks agreed, that the holy ghost proceeded from the father and the son, that there was a purgatory, that the sacrament ought to be celebrated only with unleaven bread made of wheat, and that the bishop of Rome was Peter's lawful successor, and christes glorius vicar in earth, to whom all the world ought to obey, which they never consented to before this time, neither at this time did long continue in that belief. So great a dearth in England and France that the poor people made them bread of fetches, pesin, beans and fern roots. Nicolaus Pice●nius, captain of the Myllanours, besieged Briria, and by treason took the city Uerona, which Frauncisce Sfortia, leader of the Venetians army. within four days recovered and brought in subjection. Friderike the iii Duke of Ostrich after the death of Albert, The year of the world 5401 The year of Christ 1440 was ordained emperor of Rome, Anni regum Angli 18 and reigned 15, years. The war continued between England and France and divers towns and castles were won on both parts, which were eftsoons recovered, but the more loss turned ●uer to the englishmen. A priest was bourned in London, which of the common people was counted so holy a man, that they made their prayers to him, and had him in wonderful great reverence, until a commandment was given by the king to the contrary. Albert king of Hungary, departing out of this life, let his wife Elizabeth great with child, which shortly after was delivered of a son called Ladislaus, whom immediately she and certain other proclaimed king of Hungary and Boheme, and committed him to the tuition of Friderich the emperor. But divers of the nobles chose for their kings Uladislaus the kings brother of Polony, by which means was deadly war between the queen Elysabeth and the Polonians, for the crown of Hungary, and the realm of Hungary divided among themself. The Bohemes also proffered their kingdom to Albert Duke of bavary, which refused it with great modesty In England Dame Elenour Cobham, wife to the lord proctor, Anni regum Angli 91 and certain other persons, were accused, The year of the world 5402 The year of Christ 1441 that by sorcery and inchantmentes practised by an image of wax, they endeavoured to bring out of life by little and little the kings person. In this year (after some) Amadeus Duke of Savoy was chosen b●shop of Rome for Eugenius. Anni regum Angli 20 The town of Deep was besieged by the lord Talbote, The year of the world 5403 The year of Christ 1442 and rescued again by the frenchmen. Peace was concluded between milan and Venice after the war had continued fiercely the space of iii years, Sfortia the Venetians captain took to wife Blanch Duke philip's daughter of Milan, and had for her dower Cremona and Pontremulin. Anni regum Angli 21 The steeple of S. Paul's church in London was set on fire with lightning, The year of the world The year of Christ and lastly quenched by great diligence and labour of many men. Alphons, king of Arragon, after long war, conquered the city of Naples, and expelling Rhenatus Duke of Angeow, obtained the kingdom of Puell. Eugenius the bishop returned from the counsel of Florence of Rome. The Switzers vanquished the Thuricenses in battle and used toward them so extreme rage and cruelty, that in the same place, where they obtained the victory, great banquets and seastes were by them made, in the which they used the dead corpses of the adversaries in stead of stoles and tables, yea and more over opening their bodies drank their blood, & tore their hearts with their teeth. The counsel of Laterane was indicted. Lewis Patriarch of Aqu●leia, The year of the world 5405 The year of Christ 1444 begins first to keep dogs and horses. Anni regum Angli 22 Charles of France, by the counsel of Eugenius the byishop of Rome, sent his son the Dolphin with a great company against the Switzees, and them of the counsel of Basile, where the bloody victor with ravin, sword and fire destroyed all the country of Alsatia, after which time the counsel of Basile by little & little was dyssouled, the Frenchmen in their return were vanquished chased, slain & lightened of great prey by the Slesstattines. King Henrye the vi by the advise and procurement of the Earl of Suffolk▪ The year of the world 5406 The year of Christ 1445 Anni regum Angli 23 took to wife Margaret the kings daughter of Sicily, and refused the daughter of the Earl of Armynake, with whom he made his first contract, which thing was cause of much misery and trouble in England, as first the losing of Normandye, the division of the lords within the realm, the rebellion of the commonalty against the prince, and finally the king deposed, and the queen with the prince, feign to flee the realm. Henry Chechley, bishop of Canturbury, died, who in his life time builded two houses for students in the university of Oxenford, called Alsolne college and Bernard college. The Hungaryans' by means of the bishop of Rome, contrary to the oath and leagu made before with Ammurates, arreared new war against the Turks, in the which Uladislaus, and julian the bishops legate, near to Uarna, were vanquished, chased, and fain, with great loss of Christian blood. At Basila in like manner john Huniades of hungary, was overthrown, and Peloponesus brought in subjection to the Turks. After the death of Uladislaus, the Hungaryans' with one consent agreed to have to their king Ladislaus the young son of Albert, and ordained john Huniades to be protector of the realm. Eugenius bishop of Rome made war upon Sfortia a famous captain of Italy, and took from him P●●●num which before he had given to his possession and governance. The war was renewed again between the Venetians and Myllanours. The year of the world 5407 The year of Christ 1446 The Venetians and Florentines, Anni regum Angli 24 between Cremona & Tantu●, vanquished the soldiers of Duke Phylyp, and overrode the country even the suburbs of Milan. George Poggeobratius governor of Boheme. Anni regum Angli 5 Humphrey Duke of Gloucester, The year of the world 5408 The year of Christ 1447 and protector of England, by the means of certain malicious persons, was steered, cast in hold, and strangled to death in the Abbey of Bury, to the great displeasure and grudge of the commons, which suspected the Marquis of Suffolk of that cruel deed. This Duke Humphrey, for his honourable and l●berall demeanour, and good rule that he kept this realm in, was called the good Duke of Gloucester. William Wanflet a man of great devotion, wisdom and ●ustice, was made bishop of Winchester and chancellor of England. This man to the furtherance of letters and help of studious young men, erected the famous college of Mar● Magdalene in Oxenford, to whom I knowledge myself to be greatly bounden for so much as that small learning that god hath sent me, I have obtained by his benefit, and the aid and sustenance of that worshipful house. Philip Duke of milan, pased his debt to nature, whose death notwithstanding the war against the Venetians still continued, for Sfortia, which had forsaken the Venetians, warred upon them in the quarrel of M●llaine. Nicolas the .v. bishop of Rome viii years. Alphons king of Arragone and Naples, made war against the Florentines. Francisce Sfortia discomfited the Venetians in a great ●at● le near to Caranaz●um, Anni regum Angli 26 The year of the world 5409 The year of Christ 1448 and shortly after being reconciled to their amity, made so sharp war upon the Myllanours, that he subdued their city to his obeisance. Constantinus emperor of Constantinople. Amadeus, which was made bishop of Rome by the ordinance of the counsa●le of Basile (through means made by bishop Nicolas) was compelled of the emperor Friderich to resign his papacy, Anni regum Angli 27 The year of the world 5410 The year of Christ 1449 and gave place to the said Nicolas, and so the schism was finished that had continued viii or ix years. Mahomete and son of Ammurates, was emperor of the Turks, he wrought much hurt to the Christians The Marquis of Suffolk was banished the land for the space of .v. years. to appease the murmur and grudge of the commons of England, The year of the world 5411 The year of Christ 1450 Anni regum Angli 28 for the death of the Duke of Gloucester. In ●a●lyng toward France he was met on the sea by a ship of war, and there presently beheaded by the captain called Nicolas Tower, and the dead cor●es cast up at Dover. The commons of ●ent, for grudge that they bore to certain noble men near about the king, as well for the giving up of the Duchy of Angeo● and Maine to the king of Sicily, as for divers iniuris and oppressions, that the poor people had suffered, raised a great commotion, and on black heath, 〈◊〉 the leading of jacke Kade, overthrew the Earl of Stafforde, having with him a good company of soldiers. Than after they came to London, where after they had put to death the lord Say with other, and committed divers robberies and cruel deeds, their company was disperkled every man to his home, and their captain taken and put to death, and after that just execution done upon many of the rebels by the king and his officers. The bishop of salisbury was murdered by the commons of the west country. The Venetians made peace with Alphons king of Naples, and 'greed to make war against Sfortia Duke of M●llaine, with whom they were again fallen at varya●nce, because he would not stand to the peace made between them and Milan. Charles of France recovered again Rhoan and divers other towns of Normandy and France. This was the year of Jubilee of Rome. The whole Duchy of Normandy was yielded up to the Frenchmen by means of the Queen, The year of the world 5412 The year of Christ 1451 Anni regum Angli 29 the Duke of Somerset, and other of her counsel, which thing caused so much trouble and debate in England, that mortal war thereof ensued. Friderich the emperor, with his wife Elenour, was crowned with the imperial Diadem at Rome, and than yode to Naples, where he was received with great honour and triumph by Alphons the king. The country of Aquitaine was reconquered and won by the Frenchmen .297. years after it was first joined to the crown and signory of England by Henrye the second, Anni regum Angli 30 The year of the world 5413 The year of Christ which was Duke of Angeow and .192. years after it was by Henry the iii recovered from the frenchmen, which had won it by force of arms from king john his father. A commotion began this year by the duke of York and other noble men, which was appeased for a time and the malice dissimuled. Lewis the Dolphin, son of king Charles of France rebelled against his father, and fled to the duke of Burgoyne, with whom he was ten years. One named johannes Faustius first found the craft of printing in the city of men's in Germany. The lord Talbote recovered by de●icion the city of Burdeaus in Aquitaine, Anni regum Angli 31 The year of the world 5414 The year of Christ where after long & cruel fight he was slain with a gun and the city won again by the Frenchmen. Mahomet prince of Turks, after .50. days of continual assault made by his innumerable multitude of turks against the city of Constantinople, with exceeding force & power, obtained and conquered the same to the great hindrance and shame of Christendom, a high advancement of the turks dominion. Of the exceeding and unspeakable cruelty, that they used toward all sorts of men, women, and children, and the despiteous velanie that they showed toward Christian religion, it would r●e any christian heart to hear or read. Anni regum Angli 32 The fire of envy, The year of the world 3415 The year of Christ that a good space had covertly smoudered between the duke of York, a●●d the duke of Somerset, with other of the queens counsel, at this time broke out in hot and fierce flames of war, in so much that between the king who defended these persons and the duke of York with his allies at ●. Alban's a cruel battle was fought, in the end whereof the victory fell to the duke of York, and on the kings part was slain the Duke of Somerset, the Earl of Northumberlande▪ the lord Clifforde with many other honourable men of knights and squires. After which time the duke with great reverence brought the king from S. Alban's to London, where by a parliament he was made protector of the realm, the Earl of Salesburie chancellor, and the earl of Warwick captain of Cales. Peace and league was made in lombardy between Frauncisce Sfortia, of milan, and the Venetians after the war had continued well near .v. years. The year of the world 5416 The year of Christ 1455 Calist the iii being ordained bishop of Rome, Anni regum Angli 33 made preparation for war against the Turks, and sent against them with great provision, Lewis patriarch of Aquileia. Messaraphus the soldan of Egipte a man of great power. Georgics Castrio●us, called also Scanderberge, duke of Epire and Albany, was famous in divers parts of Asia and Europe for his prows & nobleness in arms, and especially for such victories as he achieved against the Turks. james Picennius of lombardy made war to the city of Sennes. The year of the world 5417 The year of Christ 1456 By means of the queen and other lords, Anni regum Angli 34 the duke of York was discharged of his protectourship, which thing was cause of new grudge and malice. A great riot committed in London against the Lombard's & Italians, because a mercer's servant was cast in prison for striking an Italian. near to the city Taurinum, that is now called Alba, where as the rivers of Danubie and Saw do meet, Mahomet the Turk was overthrown chased and driven out of his camp by a small company of Christians. About this time were seen many strange sights and wonderful things, as well in the city of Rome as other places of Italy, In the place called Sabine a calf was brought forth with two heads. In Rome at the gate of Venus and in ●yguria it reigned blood. In Picene a child was borne with six teeth. A blazing star terrible to behold was seen, well near all the month of june. An horrible tempest vexed a part of Italy, and especially Hetr●ria, and Venice, many countries of italy were shaken also with a terrible earthquake, in so much that in Huel and Naples, much housinges and great buildings were overthrown, and (as writeth Cronica Cronicorum) there perished .40. thousand Christian men. At Eri●h within xii miles of London were taken, The year of the world 5418 The year of Christ 1457 4. wonderful fishes, Anni regum Angli 35 whereof one was called Mors marina, the second a sword fish, the other two were whales A float of Frenchmen landed at Sandwike, and spoiled the town with great cruelty. Alphons king of Naples, made sore war upon the city of Geane. Anni regum Angli 36 A feigned agreement was made between the king the queen, and the duke of York, with his retinue, The year of the world 5419 The year of Christ which endured not long. Bessarion and Cusanus, cardinals, Ludovicus, Pontanus, Paulus Castrensis, & Antonius Rosellanus lawyers, Cermisonus, Savonarola, & Ba●zizius physicians. Pe●●rbachius & Blanchinus astronomers, Argirople Philelphus, Pero●●us & Datus learned men flourished Fregosus captain of Gean, gave up the cite to Charles of France, because he was not able to defend it against the violence of Alphons. Ferdinand the bastard son of Alphons suc●●ded his father in the kingdom of Naples, between whom and john duke of Angeow, was sore war for the right and title of the said kingdom. Ladislaus king of Hungary and Boheme, ended his life, after whom succeeded in Boheme George P●ggeh● braicus or de Podebra, & in Hungary Mathias the son of Huniades, who made war against the emperor Friderich for the crown of Hungary, between whom when the war had continued vi years a peace was concluded on this condition, that Mathias should be king for his life time, but he should leave no heir after him. Lewis the xi after some computations, was ordained king of France, which for his purveyance and hard demeanour was called the sturdy and fell Lewis between him and his nobles was much strife. eneas Silvius a man of great wit, learning and eloquence, was made bishop of Rome, and named Pigs the ii he wrote the history De origine boen●rum. The war that he intended against the Turks was stopped by mean of the dissension among christian princes, for th●n, & long after was great war between Ferdinand of Naples and the duke of Angeow, and in divers other parts of Italy likewise. The duke of York, the earls of Salesbury and Warwick with a great host met the king and other lords of England upon Blore heath near to London, The year of the world 5420 The year of Christ 1459 Anni regum Angli 37 where because Andrew Trollop, a capitain of Cales the night before the battle should have been, fled with a company of the best soldiers to the kings part the duke of York, the earls of March, Sa●esbu●y, and Warwick mistrusting themself to be to weak, departed with a privy company and fled, the duke into Ireland, the three Earls into Gernesey, & after to Calys without any notable battle. The year of the world 5421 The year of Christ 1460 Th● iii Earls coming from Calis with a puissant army, Anni regum Angli 38 the ix day of july me●●e king Henrye at Northampton, and gave to him a strong battle, in the end whereof the victory fell to the Earls, and the kings host sparkled, chased, and many slain, among the which was the duke of Buckingham, the earl of Shreusburye, the lord Egremont, with other, and the king taken in the field●. The duke of York, returning into England made such claim to the crown that by consent of a parliament h● was proclaimed heir apparent, and all his progeny after him. Margaret the queen in this mean time, in all haste possible had gathered a company of Northenmen, and near to a ●owne in the north called Wakefeld in a cruel fight discomfited and slew the Duke of York, with his son the earl of Rutland, the earl of salisbury was taken prisoner, with diue●s other noble men. The queen with her retinue, Anni regum Angli 39 near to. S. Alban's discomfited the Earl of Warwick and the duke of Northefolke, The year of the world 5422 The year of Christ 1461 and delivered king Henry her husband. Great distention and civil war at men's in Germany for election of their bishop Dietherus de Ess●nberge and Ad●lybus de Nassaw, were both chosen, the bishop of Rome favoured more Adolphus, because Dietherus was again him in divers things, and would not condescend to his mind. ¶ Edward Earl of March, and eldest son to the Duke of York, came up to ●●onbon with a mighty power of M●rchemen, accompanied with the Earl of warwick, and by agreement of a counsel was proclaimed king of England, and called Edward the four Shortly thereupon he pursued king Henry toward Yorkewher he gave a sore battle to the king and his company. This fight was s● cruel and fierce that in the field and chase were slain .32. thousand of the commons, bysyde men of name, of the which were the Earls of Northumberlande, & Westmoreland, the lord Clifford, Andrew Trolley, and other to the numbered of a xi and king Henrye lost all, and was fain to flee the land, when ●e had reigned xxxviii years vi months. Queen Margaret with the young prince fled to her father the Duke of Angeo●. EDward the four began his dominion over the realm of England, and reigned xxii years. He was a man of ●oble courage and great wit, Anni regum Angli 1 but in his time was much trouble and 〈◊〉 in the realm. About this time the nobles of France, because their king Lewis refused the company of his lords, and used the counsel of villains, rose against him in great noumbre, and met in plain battle at Charters, where the king was overcome, his men chased, and he forced to flee for his sa●egarde to a castle named Mountcher, but ●●ortly after an greement and concord was made betwine them, which continued but for a time, for the king returned to his ●ide demeanour, and oppression of his subjects. Anni regum Angli 2 Mahomettes emperor of Tu●ky, beside the empires of Constantinople and Trapezunce, which he subverted, The year of the world 5424 The year of Christ 1493 took from the Christians xii kingdoms, & conquered 200. cities. He also by force of arms wrested from the Venetians the sland of calais and obtained Scobra by composition, he maintained war on the sea many year against the Christian people, he conquered Capha the city of Ponte, The year of the world The year of Christ 1464 Anni regum Angli 4 assailed the Rhodes and lastly after he had taken Hyorunte invaded italy. The Turk conquered Poloponesus & Pontus, in winning whereof he greatly endamaged the Venetians. The lord Montague, having the rule of the North, discomfited king Henry coming out of Scotland with a great power to recover the crown, this is called the battle of Exham, in the which was taken the Duke of Somerset, the lord Hungerfourde, the lord Roos, which were a●ter put to ●eathe with many other. King E●ward was secretly married to Elisabeth late wife of sir john gray▪ at which marriage was none present but the king, his spouse, the Duchess of Bedford the priest, two gentle women and a young man to help the priest to mass, for which marriage rose great variance between the king and the Earl of Warwick, his chief friend and maintainer. Paul the second● was made bishop of Rome. He was covetous, cruel, injurious, rude, and neither learned himself, nor yet favoured learned men. He endeavoured to stee●e Christian princes to war against the Turks as divers of his predecessors had done, to the intent he might under that pretence, gather money. Friderich the emperor was besieged in the tower of Ui●●na by his own citizens, The year of the world The year of Christ 1465 Anni regum Angli 5 from whence he was delivered by G●orge king of Boheme. This year the coignes were altered, and new made in England by Edward the fourth, as the royal, the half royal, the angel, the half angel, and the farthing, the gr●●es were made of less value than they were by eight pence in an ounce. divers of the nobles of France forsook the dominion o● L●wys, and cleave to his younger brother Charles, which made claim to the crown of France by the will of his father▪ but after they had taken the city of Rho●● in Normandy, and been a good space before the city of ●aris, a peace was agreed upon, by condition whereof the king granted to his brother the Duchy of No●m●ndy, taking 〈◊〉 th● principate of Burg●s. 〈◊〉 the 〈◊〉 of the Duke of Bargoine he gave ●●rone, Roya, and the citi● Moncideriu●●, with Guinary● & th● E●ledome of Bolome for his perpetual possession, & with other princes it was agreed as they desired. It was not long after, but that Charles the kings brother was again deprived of the Duchy● of Normandye. Henrye the four king of Castille, by●wene whom and his brother Alpho●s was arreysed war for the kingdom, in the which the more part of the nobility favoured the younger brother. Anni regum Angli 6 john Galea●ius, after Frauncisce Sfortia. was made Duke of Milan. The year of the world 5427 The year of Christ The bishop of Rome condemned the king of Boheme for heresy, and deprived him of his kingdom. The Turks invaded Stiria, The year of the world 5430 The year of Christ 2469 and took from thence great pillage and pray. Anni regum Angli 9 Mathias king of hungary, by the incensing of the bishop of Rome, made sharp war upon George king of Boheme the space of vii year continually, and added to his signory a great part of the kingdom of Boheme. Anni regum Angli 10 The grudge, The year of the world 5431 The year of Christ which the Earl of Warwick had conceived against king Edward for the foresaid marriage, declared itself openly, so that he alred him with the Duke of Clarence the kings brother, and by their means in ce●sed so the Northenmen, that they divers times rebelled and turned the king and the realm to much trouble but shortly the king so demeaned himself, that the rebels were suppressed. Wherefore the Earl of Warwick perceiving his part to be weakened, fled with the Duke of Clarence and other into France, Mahomet emperor of the Turks, invaded the slay Enboea, and destroyed the great city called Nigropony and not long after Isaac his captain entering Hungary, and Croacia, took with them a great number of prisoners. The Duke of Clarence, the Earls of Warwick, Penbroke and Orforth, landed at Dartmouth, to whom by means of proclamations that were pub●ysshed in the name of king Henrye, th● commons gathered in so great companies, that Edward fearing his par●e fled into Flanders to the Duke of Burgoyne. Than was Henrye the vi set at large, and again proclaimed king by m●n●s of the Earl of warwike with other, and Edward proclaimed usurper of thecrown, ●ut that continued n●t long. The year of the world 5432 The year of Christ 1471 King Edward, returning out of Flaunders, Anni regum Angli 11 arriu●d in the North part of England with a vera● small company of soldiers, but by means that he used, and through his brother the Duke of Clarence, who turned now to his part, he came so puisauntly to London, that he entered the city, and took king Henry in the bishops palace, and than w●nt against the Earl of warwike, whom he vanquished & slew with his brother Marquis Montague near Barnet ten miles from London. Shortly after at Tewkisbury he overtherw queen Margaret, the wife of Henrye. In which battle was taken the said Margaret with Edward the ●rince h●r son, the Duke of Somerset, and divers ●ther. King Edward received his regality, and was again taken for king. Prince Edward the son of Henry was put to death A commotion steered by the bastard Fancombridg and the commons of kent and Essex. Henrye the vi was put to death in the Tower, and buried at Ch●rtesie. The king of Portugal passed the sea into Africa, where he subdued to him ii cities of Mauritania, called Tynga and Argilia. Sixtus the four bishop of Rome xiii years. Mathias king of Hungary was chosen king of Boh●me. The year of the world 5433 The year of Christ 1472 Anni regum Angli 12 The Venetians, with the aid of the bishop of Rome, Anni regum Angli 13 and the king of Napl●s made s●re and fierce war upon the Turks, The year of the world 5473 The year of Christ 1473 and put them oftentimes to great damages on the s●a coasts of their dominion, yet divers times the● were chased and overthrown with g●●t loss of men. james king of Cyprus departed out of this life, leaving a●ter him a young son begotten of his wife a Uenecian borne, by which means the Venetians obtained the governance of his kingdom, and not long after (when the child died) possessed the kingdom of Cyprus. About this time Cassanus king of Persie made sore war upon the Turk●s, The year of the world 5435 The year of Christ 1474 whom they discomfited in two great battles, but in the end Mahomet's by policy o●te●ned the upper hand, and made league with them. Uariaunce between Charles duke of Burgoyne, and Lewis king of France. The duke of Burgoyne besieged Nussia, but when Friderich the emperor met there with him having a great power, after league made he left the siege and departed. Anni regum Angli 15 King Edward of England went over the see with a great army to aid the duke of Burgoyne, The year of the world 5436 The year of Christ but by the earnest suit of the french king a peace was concluded between England and france for vii years. For performance whereof king Lewis gave to Edward. 7●000 crowns of gold, and yearly after for the space of vii years .50000. crowns. In Spain after the decease of Henry the four happened great division and variance. For Ferdinand the son of john king of Arragone, which had t●ken to wife the sister of Henry the four and Alphons of Portugal, maintening the quarrel of johan the daughter of Henry divided the kingdom between them. At the city Trident a child named Simon was murdered of the jews of that city, in derision of the passion of Christ. For which mudrer and villainy, the jews suffered great and worthy punishment. Charles duke of Burgoyn invaded the province of Lorraine with great power. The Zubilei was ordained by the bishop of Rome to be every, xxv. year. The turks in the country called Mundania, or Walachie, were vanquished and slain, and in like manner again in the lower Mi●ia overthrown and chased. About this time at Ingolstade and Tubing in Ge●manie were founded certain schools and colleges, and a little before at Basile and F●●burge. Anni regum Angli Charles of Burgoyn● leading an army against the Swissers at a place called Gr●nses, The year of the world 5437 The year of Christ was by thaym vanquished chased, and lightened of his tents, and other p●●uiance. 〈◊〉 Murthen he was again overthrown, and shortly thereupon at Nans●s, by Renatus Duke of Lorraine, coming with a company of Argentines and Swissers against him, was utterly vanquished and slain, after whole death Lewis king of France, recovered ●gain all that before time he had granted to the said Duk● Charles by composition or otherwise, and endeavoured also to bring to his lordship Burgoyne and Flanders but that labour of his engendered great wars. For the Burgonions forsook the daughter of Charles. Mathias of Hungary w●nne a strong fort from th● Turks by the river Sane. johannes de Monte regio, the noble astromer was famous. The year of the world 5438 The year of Christ 1477 Maximilian Duke of Austria, Anni regum Angli 17 and son to Friderich the emperor, led a great army into Flaunders, and coupled to him in marriage Mary the only daughter of Charles duke of Burgoyne lately deceased. The bishop of Rome and king Ferdinand of Naples arreared war against the Florentines in Italy Cathub●ius, the great soldan of Egipte and Arabi● The year of the world 5439 The year of Christ 1478 George duke of Clarence, Anni regum Angli 18 brother to king Edward of England, was secretly put to death wa● drowned in a barrel of Malmsey within the tower of London. A death this year in the citre of London. The Venetians made league with the Turk. grievous war between Maximilian and Lewis of France, for the possession of Burgoyne, at Doubl●●hey encountered in a strong battle, where Maximilian obtained to the victory, & Lewis was vanquished, and lo●● a great noumbre of his men. Asambecus called also Ussancas●n, king of Armense Mede, Parthia, and Mesopotamia, after many other victories overthrew the Turks with great slaughter of men. Mahomet the turk besieged Rhodes, Anni regum Angli which was so manfully defended that he lost all his labours with many of his men. The year of the world 5440 The year of Christ 5479 Maximilian made league for vii years with Lewis the French king. A wonderful deluge of water, whereof ens●●d a great famine well near in all Europ●, and after that a sore pestilence. Anni regum Angli 20 The year of the world 5441 The year of Christ Anni regum Angli 21 The Turk Mahomet besieged Hydrunie in Calaper ●nd with great power invaded italy. The year of the world 5442 The year of Christ 1481 Shortly after he ended his life. The Scots, this year began to steer, against whom king Edward sent the duke of Gloucester and certain other, which returned without any notable battle. The Scythes with a great noumbre of jews in their company, invaded the North parts of Germany. Anni regum Angli 22 Thebishop of Rome and the Venetians made war against Hercules of Ferrare, The year of the world 5443 The year of Christ 1482 and Ferdinand of Naples to the great unquieting of Italy. Pazaites king of Turks xxx years, between him ●nd his brother Zizinus was fierce war, in so much● that he chased him out of Turkey, and forced him to fle● to the Rhodes. Marry the wife of Maximilian, being with child road on haunting, and by great misfortune fell from her horse whereof she took her death, leving after her a son called Philip, and a daughter named Margaret. King Edward of England making great provision for war into France, Anni regum Angli 23 ended his life, The year of the world 5444 The year of Christ 1483 leaving after him two sons▪ Edward the prince, and Richard duke of York, with iii daughters. EDwarde the .v. of the age of a xi years, began his reign over the realm of England the xi day of April. This Edward was never crowned but cruelly murdered by Richar● duke of Gloucester his unnatural uncle, who after usurped the crown, and was called Ry●harde the iii At this time was famous Pi●us Mirandula, George Ualla, Herm●la●s Barbarue, Politian, Gaza. Platine Sadellicus, Pomp. Letus, Aldus, Manuc●us, Marsylius, Ficinus, johannes de Monte Regio. Pazai●tes the Turk conquered certain towns in Walachie, and then made war upon the souldayne of Egypt, of whom he was often vanquished & put to ●lighte, with great slaughter of his men. Margaret the daughter ofMaximilian was betrothed to Charles the eldest son of Lewis king of France, and brought into France, with great pomp, and royalty Peace between Venice and Ferraria. RIcharde the iii brother unto Edward the four through many cruel deeds lastly obtained the crown of England. First to compass his wicked and devilish purpose, he put to death those noble men which he thought would not consent to his mind in all things, the other he corrupted with rich gifts, than by his untruth and falsehood he wrested from the queen Elisabeth (being than in sanctuary) Richard her younger son, and brother to the prince, thirdly he caused to be published at Paul's cross, by one doctor Sh●a, that Edward the iii his elder brother, was not rightly begotten of his mother, but by adultery, and therefore that neither he nor his children had right to the crown or as some writ, he caused to be published that the prince and his brother were not rightfully begot of queen Elisabeth, and therefore the right of the crown to be his, which in fine he took upon him and to make a perfit work of his cruelty, shortly thereupon shamefully murdered the two young children in the tower of London, 〈◊〉 usurped the crown ii years ii months ii years. The year of the world 5445 The year of Christ 1484 Charles the eight king of France, after the decease of his father Lewis, warred against the Britain's. Anni regum Angli 2 Innoc●nt the eight bishop of Rome viii years, he was given to drinking and bollinge, and without shame openly advanced his bastards to great riches honour, & dignity. Grudge between king Richard the iii and his near friend the Duke of Buckyngham. In so much that for displeasure thereof the duke conspired with divers other noble men against him, and intended to bring into the land Henrye earl of Richmonte as rightful heir to the crown. This Henry had fled before into Britain, fearing the cruelty of Edw●rde the four For which conspiracy the said duke of Buckingham, with divers other was shortly after taken and put to death. Henry Earl of Richmount aided with the Britain's, intended to arrive in Wales, but his navy was so scattered with a contrary wind, that he was fain to give back again into Britain for that time, divers noble men detesting the tyranny of king richard, fled into Britain, and there allied them with the Earl of Rich●mounte. The noble prince Henry earl of Richmounte, with a small company of frenchmen landed at the haven of Mylborne, Anni regum Angli 3 whose coming being ones known, The year of the world 5446 The year of Christ 1485 divers noble me● with their retinue forsaking richard, gathered to him in great noumbre, so that his strength in short space greatly increased, at a village near to Leiceter called Bosworth he met with his enemies, where between them was fought a sharp battle, in conclusion, king richard with divers other was slain, and Henry obtained a noble victory, after which conquest, he was immediately proclaimed king of England. King Henry the .7. begun his reign over this realm of England, Anni regum Angli 1 and continued .23. years a prince of marvelous wisdom and pollici, and of great justice temperance and gravity. He so behaved him in the time of his reign, that notwithstanding many and great occasions of trouble, unquietness and war, he kept his realm in right good order and policy, wherefore he was greatly esteemed and reverenced of foreign princes. The sweeting sickness began first in England, of the which a wonderful multitude died for lack of good keeping, Anni regum Angli 2 Frederich the emperor made Maximalian his son partaker of the empire. The year of the world 5446 The year of Christ 1486 Not long form this time Maximilian, after the death of his wife, was taken by the flemings & ca●● in prison, whereof ensued great war, mortality, and persecution in Flaunders. Ugnerus after he had slain his brethren, was made king of Persye, Armeny and Media. King Henry of England took to wife Elisabeth, the eldest daughter of Edward the four by which means the two families of York and Lancaster, which had long caused great division, was knit together in one. About this time Francisce Lovel, and Humphrey Stafforde r●●elled in the North, which commotion was quieted by the policy of the Duke of bedford. The year of the world The year of Christ Nicolas an eremite of Helu●ci●, and Hiernomous S●nonarola, that had the spirit of prophecy, Anni regum Angli 4 were famous Ferdinand king of Spain, by knightly force and man ●o●e, conquered again the kingdom of Granade, and chased from thence the Saracens. War between the Uenecyan & Sigismond Duke of Ostrich. The year of the world The year of Christ 1447 A great business in England, by mean of a priest called richard Simon, Anni regum Angli 5 which taking with him a young child, called L●mbert, fled into Ireland▪ and feigned to the nobles of that country, that he had brought with him, the young son of the Duke of Clarence, nephew of king Edward the four & lawful heir to the crown ●f England, wherewith the Irisshemen, being excited, allied with them Margaret the sister of Edward, an● divers noble men of England, which gathering which them a great power of Irishmen, Englyshmen, & Germans, entered the land, and at Stoke met with king He rye and his host, and there fought a strong battle in the which was slain the Earl of Lincoln, Francis Lovel, Thomas Broughton, Thomas Gerardine of Ireland, and Martin Swart a German, which wer● chief captains of the rebels, richard the priest, and Lambert the counterfeited king, were taken in the field. Fabian seemeth to avouch this to be done in the year of our lord. 1487. War between Britain and the frenchmen. Charles of France forsook Marg●ret the daughter of M●ximilian, which was to him f●aunced. This year was a field ●oughten in Flaunders by the lord Daubene● in the quarrel of Maximilian the emperors son, and Earl of Flaunders. In England was a tax arreared of the tenth pen●e of men's lands and goods by means whereof the commons rose, The year of the world The year of Christ 5490 and slew the Earl of Northumberlande. Anni regum Angli 6 For which cause Chamberlain their captain, with divers other were after hanged at York. Maximilyan recovered the part of his Duchy of Au●strich, which Mathias king of hungary had with holden from him a good season. Anni regum Angli 7 The king of Scotes was slain in battle by the nobles of his realm, The year of the world 5452 The year of Christ 1491 and james his son ordained king in his place. Maximilian, by his deputy (as the manner is of great princes) married Anne the daughter of Frances Duke of Britain, after the death of her ●ather, but that marriage notwithstanding, Charles of France found such means, that he took her to his wi●e in open marriage, and by her obtained the dominion of Britain. For which cau●e was great grudge and malice between him and Maximilian, and so much the more because Charles did repudiate Margaret his daughter, which was to him f●aunced and betrothed. King Henry arrived in France with a great army, The year of the world 5453 The year of Christ intending to aid the Britain's against the French king but Charles by entreaty concluded peace, Anni regum Angli 8 the condition whereof was, that he should pa●e to king Henry forthwith for his expenses and charges in the war a great sum of money, and yearly after as a certain tribute 25. thousand crowns, after which agreement Henrye returned into England. The Turk with a great power, both by sea and land invaded the inhabitants of the hills in Greece, called Ceraunil, and them subdued to the Turkish empire. Certain new islands were found in the Oecean se first by Amerin●s U●spucyu●, & after by Christophorus Columbanus. There were driven ou● of Spain by commandment of the king .125. families of the jews, of the which 30, thousand died of the pestilence in their journey, as they were departing. Alexander the vi bishop of Rome xl years, a bloody and cruel tyrant. ¶ Maximilian succeeded his father Friderych in the empire, Anni regum Angli 9 and reigned▪ 27. years. The year of the world 5454 The year of Christ 1493 Charles o● France made claim to the kingdom of Naples and Sicily, Anni regum Angli 10 The year of the world 5455 The year of Christ 1494 and for that cause went into italy with a great army, where in short space he conquered Naples, and compelled king Alphons to forsake the countrei, and than returned into France, and in his journey was encountered by the Venetians▪ which endeavoured to stop his passage, where after sore fight, to the loss of both parts, he took an other way. About this time began the foul scab and horrible sickness called the French p●ckes. The year of the world 5456 The year of Christ 1495 Anni regum Angli 11 divers gentlemen in England appeached of treason and for favouring the conspiracy of Perkin Warb●ck● of the which some were pardoned, some put to death. Perken Warbeck, which by the counsel of Margaret of Burgoyne, named himself Rychard● of York, king Edward's second son, arrived in ken●e, wher● he was driven back by the uplandishmen, and other inhabitants of the country, with loss of divers of his men. Ferdinand, the son of Alphons, was restored again to the kingdom of Naples immediately after the departure of the frenchmen. Sozimus and I●son lawyers, Alexander Benedictus, and Antonius Bemuenius physicians, johannes Nauclerus, Raphael Uolateranus, Robertus Gaguinus, historiographers, Rodulphus Agricolo, a man of excellent learning, johanes iovinianus, Pontanus, Petr●s Crinitus, Stephanus Niger, Ambrose Calepinus Philippus B●r●oldus flourished. Blanch Marry, the prince's daughter of Insubria, was married to Maximilian. Uladisaus the king of Polonies son, obtained the kingdoms of Hugarye and Boheme. He made league with Maximilian the emperor. The Scots broke into the North parts of England by the exciting of Perkin Warbeck, The year of the world The year of Christ 1496 Anni regum Angli 12 & did much harm to the borderers. In Italy a stone of wonderful bigness fell out of the air, which by the violence of the ●al (as some say) broke in iii great pieces, the colour of this stone was ●s it had been burned with fire. In these days preached at Florentia in italy a friar called Jerome Savouarola, whose sayings were these that Italy should be purged with the scourges of God, for the manifold offences of the princes, as well of the clergy as the laitee, and that ●ft●● the subversion of the cities of Florence and Rome, should follow a reformation and redress in the church▪ and moreover that one should come over the Alps like to Cyrus, which should subvert and destroy italy. Anni regum Angli While king Henrye of England made preparation fo●warre into Scotland, The year of the world 5458 The year of Christ 1467 by means of a payment that was granted to the king by act of parliament, a new commotion was ar●ered by the commons of Cornewal which under the leading of the lord Audley came to black heath, where the king met with them, and discomfited the rebels, and took their captains which were shortly after hanged drawn and quartered. King Henry sent an army into Scotland, under the guiding of the earl of Surre● and the lord Nevell, which made sharp war upon the Scots. A marriage concluded between prince Arthur and lady Katherine the kings daughter of Spain. Perkin Warbeck landed again in Cornwall, and assailed the town of Exciter and other places, but finally he took the sanctuary of Beaudley, and was after pardoned of his life. Lewis the twelfth of that name duke of orleans and U●l●yse, was ordained king of France, who after he had possession of his kingdom, forsook johan his first wife, and married the widow of Charles his predecessor. Maxim●●ian invaded Burgoyne, where after battle to the loss of both parts a peace was concluded. A peace proclaimed between the kings of England and scotland, Anni regum Angli for the term of both their lives. The year of the world 5459 The year of Christ Perkin Warbeck endeavoured to steal away secr●tli out of the land, but he was taken again by his keepers and by the kings commandment cast in the tower of London. The Turks took from the Venetians, Me●hon, Naupactum, and shortly after Dyrrhach●um, & with sword and fire spoiled the province of Foriulii. The Swissers warred upon their borderers of Ostrich, wherefore Maximilian the emperor came out of Eelderlande, where he was occupied in war to defend his subjects, but after divers skirmyshes and small battles to the loss of both parts the war was finished. At S. Thomas Watering a strepeling was put to execution, The year of the world 5460 The year of Christ 1499 Anni regum Angli 25 which by the enticement of a monk named Patricius, called himself Edward Earl of Warwick and son of George Duke of Clarence, which since the beginning of king Hen●is reign was kept secretly in the Tower. Perkin Warb●cke was put to death, & soon after the Earl of Warwick, because he deemed to be consenting to the treason of the said Warbeck. Lewis king of France took milan. The new bridge at Pa●ys, with the housing thereupon fell down, This year was a great pestilence in the city of London by reason whereof the king and the queen sailed to Calis, The year of the world 5461 The year of Christ 1450 Anni regum Angli 26 and at S. Peter's they met with the Duke of Burgoyne. Sir Edmund de la Poole, duke of Suffolk, departed secretly out of this land, by mean of whom was likely to have been a new insurrection. King Henry of England fianced his daughter Margaret to james the king of Scots, and Ferdinand● king of Spain, married his daughter Katherine to the noble prince Arthur, who ended ●is life in easter week following. Sfortia recovered the city of milan, and expelled the frenchmen, whom while he pursued more fiercely than advisedly, he fell into their hands unwares, and was taken of them and led into France. The frenchmen, Anni regum Angli 17 by the counsel of the bishop of Rome, The year of the world 5462 The year of Christ 1501 led an army against the turks, and ioygning in battle at Mitelene, were overthrown and taken. The figure of crosses appeared in the garments of divers persons of germany, and drops of blood fell from heaven. The year of the world The year of Christ 1502 Elysabeth queen of Engl●nde died in the tower of Anni regum Angli 18 London, as she lay in child bed, and shortly after was dame Margaret the kings daughter married to the king of Scots. A great pestilence in the country of Germanye. The Frenchmen brought Naples under their dominion Anni regum Angli 19 This year was much hurt done by mischance of fire, in divers places of London. The year of the world 5464 The year of Christ Pr●sto johannes, emperor and high bishop of Indie and Aethiope. Ferdinand of Spain, sent a navy of ships into Italy where they vanquished, chased and slew the Frenchmen, and recovered the kingdom of Naples, with all the dominion belonging to it. Pius bishop of Rome only xxx days, after whom succeeded julius a cruel and fierce tyrant, given only to murder and war. Anni regum Angli 20 The war of bavarie began, in which Cesar, The year of the world 5465 The year of Christ 1504 Maximilian defended the princes of bavarie, against Philip earl Palatine of Rhine, and his son Duke Robert, who because he had married the daughter of Georg Duke of bavarie lately deceased, made claim to that duchy, But continuing the time of this war, he ended his life, and then was a peace concluded between his father and the emperor. Anni regum Angli 21 Philippe the Archduke of Burgoyne, The year of the world The year of Christ 1505 the emperor Maximilians son, as he sailed into Swayn to take possession of the kingdom of Castille that fell to his wife and him by the death of Elisabeth, the wife of Ferdinand was driven by force of tempest to land in England, where he was honourably received of king Henrye, and then deparied on his iordey toward Spain. Elisabeth the queen of Polony ended her life, which was a woman of great nobleness, daughter to a king wife to a king, and mother to divers kings, Santes Pagninu, a great Hebric●y, Leonicenus Gattinaria▪ Caballus and Optatus physicians, Niphus jacobus Faber, Stapulensis, & Pigius philosophers, Petrus Bembus, and divers other learned men were famous. All the inhabitants of Granade were either forced to receive thefayth of Christ, or to forsake the land. The Sophy of Persia, vanquished, chased and slew the Turks. The year of the world 5467 The year of Christ 1506 The Genoese forsook the dominion of Lewis king of France. Anni regum Angli 22 julius bishop of Rome took the city Bononie. A marriage concluded between Charles Archduke of ostrich, prince of Castille, and mary the daughter of king Henry of England. The famous clerk Reuchline restored again the knowlage of the hebrew tongue. The year of the world 1468 The year of Christ 1507 Philip king of Castille paid his debt to Nature. Anni regum Angli Lewis king of France by agreement received again the city of Geane. Maximilian the emperor began the cru●l and long war against the Venetians. In time whereof were sosughten many bloody battles, and divers great mutations and chances happened. At the first Lewis king of France aided the Venetians, but after he forsook them and went to Maximilian, contrary wise julian bishop of Rome first favoured Maximilian, and after turned to the Venetians. By this war the Venetians lost many of their chief cities. The year of the world 1469 The year of Christ 1508 The city of Constantinople was shaken with most terrible earthquakes innumerable houses and towers were cast to the ground, Anni regum Angli 24 and chiefly the palace of the great Turk, in so much that he was forced to flee to an other place, many of the people were destroyed with tempest. Charles duke of Gelria renewed his war with the emperor, and invaded the Brabansois. Ishmael sophy, king of Persie, Armenia, and Hir●ania became christened, and vanquished the turks in divers great battles. The noble king Henry the vii, ended his life at Richmount the xxi, The year of the world The year of Christ 1509 day of April. THe renowned prince Henry the ●ight being xviii years of age succeeded his father in the governance of this realm, Anni regum Angli & reigned in great fame and nobleness. 3●. years. Of parsonage he was ●aule and mighty▪ in wit and memory excellent, of such majesty tempered with humanity and gentleness, as was comely in so great a prince. In konwlege of good letters he far passed all kings of England before this time. For his magni●ice & liberality he was renowned through all the world. In his time was great alteration of things within this realm. For he reform and altered the state of the common weal ●n many things by making divers most honest and godly laws, to the great profit as well of himself as of his people. He abolished the usurped power of the bishop of Rome. He redressed the state of religion, diminished superstition and idolatry, forbade pilgrimage, pulled down abbeys and monasteries, and rooted out the seditious sects of religion, which maintained false worshipping of god, and greatly advanced and set forth the true knowledge of god's word and all other honest learnings and sciences. He fonded ii colleges, one at Oxenford, an other at Cambridge, and set up divers free schools in other parts of the realme· The knowledge of good letters by continual wars being neglected and driven out of Italy, increased greatly in Germany, France, England and scotland. For augmenting and furthering whereof, Margaret the kings grandmother builded ii colleges in Cambridge. In like manner William bishop of Lincoln, and richard of Winchester builded ii other in the university of O●enforde. of the which one is called Brusennose, the other Cor●s Christi college. King Henrye married the lady Katherine late wife to his brother Arthur, havingthe dispēsacio● of Leo bishop of Rome, but not without great murmuring of the Cardinals and divers learned men of other realm. Lewis king of France vanquished the Venetians, took the cities Brixia, Bergamun, Crema, and Crem●na and subdued them to his dominions. Maximilian recovered from the Venetians, Uerona, Padua, Teruisium, and divers other towns and cities divers ambassadors came to king Henry of England. The city of Pise was brought in subjection to the Venetians. julius bishop of Rome, by force of arms took Ravenna, Imola, Favencia, Forlivi and other possessions of the church, which were withholden by the Venetians. The bishop of Rome being reconciled to the Venetians, The year of the world 5471 The year of Christ 1510 took Mutina and Mirandula, Anni regum Angli 2 which he restored to Frances Picus lord of that city. joachim Marquis of Brandenburge, took all the jews within his dominion, of the which .38. were br●nt, and ii beheaded, beceuse they martyrised the sacrament● of the altar. Empson and Dudley, which in the time of king Henry the vii▪ had been great rulers, were put to death to stop the murmuring and grudge of the people against them. Bugia in Africa was conquered of the Spaniards. The famous and great learned man master Erasmus of Roterodame, flourished, by whose benefit and diligence as well divine knowledge, as all other good learning was marueilusly furthered and augmented. The worshipful clerk doctor Collete, which builded the free school of Paul's in London, lived at this time and by his diligent preaching, first began to open the slothfulness and negligence of the clergy of this realm in those days. A sedition at Ertford in Germany, by occasion whereof great displeasure was kindled, between the bishop of men's, and Friderich Duke of Saxony, in so much that the matter was like to have been decided by d●nte of sword, had not the emperors authority stopped their rage. Henry, the first son of king Henry the eight was borne on new years day●, for ●oie whereof a great jousts was kept at Westminster, and on S. Mathewes day following the child died. King Henrye of England sent the lord Darsy, Anni regum Angli 3 with a goodly company of men into Spain, The year of the world 5472 The year of Christ to aid the king his father in law against the moors, but ere he arrived a peace was concluded between them, wherefore shortly after he returned home again. The same time sir Edward Poyninges (accompanied with the lord Cly●ton and divers other) was s●nt into Gelderlande with xu C. archers, to aid to prince of Castille, at the request of Margaret Duchess of Savoy & regent of Flaunders. Sir Edmund Hawarde and lord Thomas Haward took Andrew Barton, and .150. Scotes, with ii great ships. The city Bononie forsook the bishop of Rome's dominion. The king of Scots required his ships that were lately taken to be restored according to the league. But answer was made by king Henry, that the mattyer pertained nothing to the league, because that Andrew Barton, was a pirate and robber on the seas. The xu day of Ianuarye was a parliament, in the which two fifteens and two dimes of the clergy, were granted to aid the king in his wars, that he intended against the French king. By the authority of the emperor and the french king a counsel was indicted at Pisa, which was after transferred to Milan. The lord Marques Dorset (with divers other lords and knights) was sent of king Henry into Spain, Anni regum Angli 4 The year of the world The year of Christ 1512 with an army of. 13●00. men, who (a good part of the summer) did much harm in Gutan by spoiling the countrei but in the winter he returned by means of a 〈◊〉, which chansed among his men. Sir Edward hayward admiral of England, with a great navy scoured the seas, and then went toward Britain. The city Briria gave up to the Venetians, which was shortly after recovered and despoiled by the Frenchmen and the Venetians beaten and slain. At the same t●me was Ravenna rob and peeled. On easter day a great battle was fought near to Ravenna, between the French king and the bishop of Rome, in which the bishops army was discomfited, and. 160●0, of his soldiers slain. King Henry sent forth a navy of xxv ships, among the which the regent a ship royal was chief. Not only all parts of Europe was disquieted with the wars of the Venetians, but also the countries of Asia, Per●y, and Armeny were vexed with most cruel and deadly wars, wherein the heathen tyrants infe●ted each other withal cruelty, for Selinus the Turk expelled his father out of his kingdom withal his brothers an, knismen, and after divers great battles, vanquished chased and slew two Souldaines, and annexed A●gypte and Araby to his kingdom. Sir Edward hayward, lord admiral of England, through his to much hardness was slain in Britain after whom his brother sir Thomas Haward, was made admiral by the king. The navies of England & France meeting at Britain's Bay, fought a cruel battle, in the which the regent of England & a Carike of France being crapeled together were burnt, and their captains & men all drowned, the english captain was sir Thomas Kn●ue● who had with him .700. men in the French Carik was sir Piers Morgan with .900. A parliament was holden, wherein i● was determined that the king himself, should personally invade the realm of France. War between the Polonians and Mosconites. King Henry of England, Anni regum Angli being confederate with the emperor and the king of Spain, The year of the world 5474 The year of Christ 1513 passed with a great power into France, where having in wages under his banner the emperor Maximilian, and all the nobility of Brabante, Flaunders and holland, he discomfited and abashed the whole power of France, and conquered Terwine and the great city of Turney, which is said to have in i● as many towers as ●her be days in the year In this city the king builded a goodly castle or tower, with exceeding costs, and kept there a garrison certain years after. The lord chamberlain of scotland, invading the borders was discomfited by sir William Bulmer. In this mean time the king of Scots, notwithstanding that he was sworn on the sacrament to keep peace, pierced this land with a mighty army, but by the good diligence of the queen, and the policy & manhood of the Earl of Surrey the kings lieutenant, he was himself slain, with a xi of his Earls, and the Scots discomfited, but not without great loss of Englishmen. Sir john Wallop burnt divers villages & towns in Normandye. Anni regum Angli 6 A peace concluded between England and Franc●, and on S. Denis day was Lewis the French king coupled in marriage with lady Mary the kings sister, The year of the world 5475 The year of Christ 1514 on new years day following, he ended his life, wherefore king Henry sent again for his sister by th'duke of Suffolk and other. richard Hun this year was h●●ged in Lollars' tower. Francis the first of that name, The year of the world The year of Christ 1515 succeeded in the kingdom of France. Anni regum Angli 7 This man is greatly praised of all writers in those days, for his singular humanity & favouring of learned men. He maintained the wars which king Lewis had begun, and allied him with the Dukes of Gelrie, Leigie and Burgoyne, which did him due homage. He would also have been confederate with the bishop of Rome, but he failed of his purpose, for shortly after between the bishop of Rome, th'emperor the king of Spain, the Swi●zers, and other was made a pri●ye league and confederacy against the Frenchmen & Venetians. Lady mary king Henry's daughter, was borne at Grenewiche. Lady Mary the kings sister before married to the french king▪ returned into England, and shortly after was married to the duke of Suffolk. A great battle fought between the Swissers and the frenchmen, in the which the french king was in so great danger, that the brain of his own men sper●led in his face, and himself was thrice stricken with a spear but in the end of the fight, by help of the Venetians & other which came in good season, the 〈◊〉 were discomfited and slain, and the city of Mill●yne yielded to the french king. An horrible sedition in Hungary by a company of soldiers, and robbers, that had the sign of the cross for their badge and cognisance, which minded to destroy all the nobility and gentlemen. Brixta ge●●n up by composition to the frenchmen. A peace concluded between the emperor, the kings of France and Spain, and the Venetians whereby that cruel war cease●. A solemn met●●g at Uienna, of the emperor, the king of Polony, and of hungary which by marriage we●e confederate Margaret the queen of Scots, king Henry's elder sister fled into England, & la●e at Hareb●ttell, where she was delivered of a child called Margarete. In may she came to London, where she tarried a hole year before she departed into Scotland. The year of the world 5477 The year of Christ 1516 This year was so great frost in England that men might easily pass with carts over the river of Thames from Westminster to Lambeth. Anni regum Angli 8 matthew bishop of S●donon and cardinal of Swyshes, came as Ambassador from the emperor to king Henry. Charles Arch duke of Ostrich, was ordained king of Spain. On May even in the city of London, Anni regum Angli 9 was an insurrection of prent●les and young persons against strangers, The year of the world 1478 The year of Christ 1517 of which divers were put to execution, and the residue came to Westminster with halters about their necks and were pardoned. This is named ill May day. Lady Marg●ret the kings sister returned into Scotland. johannes Francis Picus of Mirandula, a knight of excellent 〈◊〉 and learning was famous, and in the presence of Leo bishop of Rome, made a vehement oration, exhorting him to reform the vicious & naughty li●e of the clergy. Many died in England of the sweeting sickness and especially about London. Lewis about this time succeeded his father in the kingdoms of Hungary and Boheme. A great famine and pestilence in many places. The term kept one day at Oxenford, and adjourned again to Westminster. The cardinal Camp●ius, the bishop's legate, came from Rome in ambassade to king Henry, and was received with great pomp by means of the cardinal of England Thomas W●lsay, which was then of great authority in this realm. The admiral of France came into England as ambassador, with a great company of gentlemen. The city of Turney was delivered again into the french kings hands, for the which he should pay. 60000●. crowns, and for the castle that the king had builded. 40●000. and .23000. pounds, Attorneys, which the cite aught for their liberties and francheses. A peace concluded between the kings of England France and Castille for term of their lives. The Spaniards vanquished, The year of the world 5479 The year of Christ 1518 chased and slew Aenobarbus, with his brother in Africa. Anni regum Angli 10 A sedition in Pannonie, by means of the bishop of Uesbrune. The emperor held a counsel at August. Selinus the great Turk, after he had with continual and bloody war conquered Egypt Syrie, Phenecia Palestine, Coele, and chased out of Arm●nie the king of Persie, as a sudden tempest or storm returned into Europe, and besieged the city Belgradum, or Taurodurum. Martin Luther wrote first to Leo bishop of Rome concerning the use of pardons, and in certain private disputations called in doubt divers things concerning the bishop's primacy, for which after he was troubled, and lastly proclaimed an heretic, under the defence & maintenance of Friderike duke of Sa●onie, he preached & wrote against his power. All germany soon after forsook the bishop of Rome, and so was the hole state of religion by his means altered among them. Philippe Melanc●on and Pomerane men of excellent learning, but infected with the p●stylente heresies of Luther wrote sundry works against ●he catholic doctrine, The emperor Maximilian ended his life, after whom was chose by the princes electors of Germany, The year of the world 1480 The year of Christ 1519 Anni regum Angli 11 Charles the▪ v, Duke of Ostrich and Burgoyne, king of Spain and nephew to Maximilian, between him and the french king the war was re●ued. Trouble in Ireland wherefore the earl of Kildare was discharged of his office ●●●eputye, and the earl of Surrey sent thither, who brought the earl of Desmount and other to good confirmitee and order. Huld●r●cus duke of Wittenberg was expelled out of his heritage. Solemannus, the xii emperor of the Turks, succeeded his father Sevinus, and subdued Gazelles which rebelled in Syrie. As king Henry was at Canturbury with the queen in a redinsse to have passed the sea, The year of the world 1481 The year of Christ 1520 Anni regum Angli 12 he hard of the emperors coming, with whom he met at Dover & accompanied him to Canturbury, where after the emperor had saluted the queen his aunt he took shiping into Flaunders. King Henry passed over to Calis, and met with Francis the French king at th● camp between Arde and Guynes, where was great triumphs, and many goodly sights, in so sumptuous manner as the like had not been seen. Immediately after he met with the emperor with whom he went to Gravelin, and the emperor returned with him to Calia where he had great cheer and feasting after which time they departed and king H●nry returned in●o the realm. The emperors soldiers got the town of Mewzon, The year of the world 5482 The year of Christ 1521 Anni regum Angli 13 and besieged the noble cit●es of Monsieurs & Tourney The french king took the town and castle of Heding from the Burgonians. The admiral of France took the town of Fontraby in Bis●ay. The town and castle of Turney was yielded to the emperor. The Duke of Buckyngham was beheaded at London the xvii day of May. The cardinal of England went over the sea to entreat a peace between the emperor, and the French king. At Bruges he communed with the emperor, and at Cales consulted with the French ambassadors till December But he brought nothing to pass. Lewis king of Hungary married Mary the emperor Charles sister, and Ferdinand Duke of Ostrich the emperors' brother, took to wife Anna the sister of Lewy● th● forenamed king of Hungary. War between Leo bishop of Rome and the French king, the bishops soldiers wan milan from the frenchmen. In the assemble that was held at Wormacia the princes electors and other princes of Germany, expounded diligently to the emperor the divers and sundry bourdeins, where with that country was charged by the see and clergy of Rome, and proposed to him well near an 110. articles. The excellent clerk Bude●s, Zasius, Alciatus, Pirckaimerus. Peutingerus great lawyers, Cop●s, Linaker the englishman, M●nardus, Brisso●us, Massa physicians, Tonstall bishop of Durham, Moor, Richard pace Polydore Uergil, Oecolampadius, Zuinglius, Hutten Capio, Egnacius, P●llicane, Uadian Scepe●us, Mosellanus, Cord●s E●ricius, & many other men of great learning were famous in these days. The Frenchmen rob the English merchants and other the kings subjects on all parts of the sea. Solemanne the great Turk, conquered the city B●lgrade, the most sure and strong Garrison of the christians. The French king attached the Englyshmen goods at Burdeau●, and detained the kings 〈◊〉, and the French Queen's dower. The Genoese ●elded them to the emperor, and forsook the French king. All Frenchmen were attached in the city of London, and cast in prison. The cardinal road through London to Dover to meet with the emperor, being accompanied with ii Earls xxxvi. knights. an. 100 gentlemen viii bishops x, abbots, The year of the world 5443 The year of Christ 1522 thirty chapelleines all in velvet and satin, Anni regum Angli 14 and 700. y●men. Charles the .v. emperor of Rome came into England, and was honourably received into London by the Maier, the aldermen and commons of the city, the king himself accompanying him, from th●ns he went to Wyndsore, and sat in the stall of the Garter. After great feasting, ●ustes, & honourable entertainment, he departed to Hampton, and sailed from thence into Spain, During this time the Earl of Surrel, lord admiral, brent Morles in Britain, and than returned into the realm. Not long after having an army appointed to him by the king, he passing over to Caleys, pierced Picardye, and brent divers towns and castles. He besieged Hesding but because winter dr●we near, he raised his siege and returned home. The Duke of Albany began to enter this land with a great army, but when he hard that the Earl of Shreusbury was coming to give him battle, he took a truce for vi months and departed. A pestilence in Rome, which consumed an. 100 thousand. Leo the tenth, bishop of Rome died, not without suspicion of poisoning. After whom succeeded Adrian one year who was in like manner poisoned. The lord Rosse and lord Da●res of the north, burned the town of Kelse● in Scotland, with fourscore villages, and overthrew eighteen towers of stone, withal their bulwarks. The emperors soldiers won Gean from the frenchmen, and the war continued cruelly between the emperor and the French king The emperor Charles, king Henry of England Ferdinand Duke of Ostrich, the bishop of Rome, the city of Venice▪ and divers other in italy, were confederate against the frenchmen. The Turk besieged Rhodes, and on christmas day● took it. The lord Marques Dorset warden of the east Marches, ●rent divers villages, holds and other places in scotland. The city of Milan was dexed with a sore pestilence, The year of the world 5484 The year of Christ whereof died .50. thousand within the space of four months. Anni regum Angli 15 Christian king of Denmark, and his wife Isabella (being driven out of his realms by his uncle Friderike Duke of Hoiste, and his own subjects, for his notable cruelties (am into England, and were honourably received and entertained of the king. Sharp war and often skyrmyshes between the borderers of England, scotland and France. The Earl of Surrey brent .37. villages in scotland, and haried the countrei from the east marches to the west and overthrew divers holds and castles. The French king prepared a great army to send into italy against the Duke of Milan. The Duke of Suff. with many other lords and knights, was sent this year into France by king Henry, with an army of. 10000 men who passing the water of Sun without battle, took divers towns and castles, and destroyed the country before him, in December he returned again into England. The Earl of Surrey brent jedworth in Scotland, and took divers holds. The Duke of Albany besieged the castle of Work, and had in a readiness a great army to invade England. But when he had knowledge, that the Earl of Surrei was coming against him, he cowardly fled and gave back in to scotland. The emperor recovered the town of Fountraby. Clement the vii a florentyne borne was ordained bishop of Rome, and took part with the frenchmen. Entreaty w●s made by the Queen of Scots for an abstinence of war. In the kingdom of Granade divers cities were s●allowed and in Naples was so great tempests of wind, ray●e, & thunder, that many toweres, great places, and mighty big trees were overthrown and cas●e to the ground. The soldiers of Guines took a great booty at a fair in the town of Marguysan, and sir Robert jerninghan, and certain dimilances of Caleis, took divers Frenchmen prisoners. The lord of Camphor and other came from the emperor to king Henry. The year of the world 5485 The year of Christ 1524 Anni regum Angli 16 The bishop of Dunkell and other ambassadors came out of scotland. A legate came from the bishop of Rome to entreat a peace between England and France. Sharp war between the marches of England and France. Sir Rau●●fe a Fanwike, Leonarde Musgrave, and Bastard Heron were slain in Scotland by to much hardiness in pursuing their enemies, at which time .300. Scots were taken prisoners by the Englishmen. The Duke of Bourbon made sharp war on the French kings dominions, and did many enterprises. The French king passed with a great army into italy, where he besieged Paul, & shortly after was encountered by the emperors army, and of them vanquished, and himself taken prisoner, from thence he was conveyed into Spain to the emperor, where after certain conditions of peace agreed upon between them, he was delivered. Great triumph and joy in England for taking of the French king. The cardinal obtained licence of the bishop of Rome, to suppress divers abbeys to the intent to erect two colleges, one at Oxenford, an other at Ipswiche, and to endue them with the lands, which colleges he began so sumptuously, tha● it was not like they would come to good end. King Henry was like to have been drowned by leaping over a dich in following his hawk near to Abindom. A great and horrible insurrection in Germany, of the rude and uplandish people, The year of the world The year of Christ 1525 which dwelled in Alsacia, Anni regum Angli 17 suave, Francia, Thuring and the countries about the river Rhine, which commotion was suppressed by the great power & strength of the princes. In ●o much that within little more than iii months, an hundred thousand of that uplandish people were slain li●e beast's, by the just judgement of god. Furthermore one surnamed Sapherus wrote xii articles, which he entitled of Christian liberty, among the which this was the chief That tributes ought not to be paid to princes▪ Through this doctrine to attain liberty, men suppose that the greatest part of that people was stired to rebel against the magistrates. In Mulhause● a town of Thuring, was a preacher named Monetarius, which taught openly that he would reform the state of the church, and made his avant pryu●lye, that revelations were showed to him by god, and that the sword of Gedeon was committed to him, to overthrow the tyranny o● the impious. He led out great companies, commanding them to spoil and rob monasteries, and the places of great men. But wh●le the unruly people were scater●d and dissevered without order, the princes of Saxony sodenlyoppressed them and took their captains, whom they put to worthy punishment. This Monetarius was the first author of the devilish sect and heresy of the Anapabtistes, which long time after vexed germany, and is not yet all together extinguished. Coin was enhanced in England. A murmuring in all parts of the realm for payment of money. Anni regum Angli 18 The year of the world 5487 The year of Christ 1526 And in Suff. 4000 men arose against the duke and other commissioners, which were appeased by the duke of Norfolk and other. A truce betw●ne England and France for a certain space and ambassadors, were sent into Denma●ke for restoring of their king, but the Danes would grant nothing, they did hate him so extremely for his cruelly. A peace between England and scotland, for iii months. Doctor Barnes a f●ier Augustine, bore a faggot before the cardinal in Paul's. Great death in London. Francis the French king was set at liberty by the emperor upon divers conditions, which he swore to perform, but after he revoked his oath and said, he was forced thereto, or else he should never have b●ne d●lyuered. The emperor after the french kings deliverance gave to Charles duke of Bourbon the whole duchy of milan, on condition to pay 4000 ducats, and find a certain numbered of soldiers yearly. Solemannus, the great Turk invaded Hungary, and spoiled the city Buda. With whom Lewis the king and Paul Tomorus bishop of Coleine, encountered in a great battle, and were of him vanquished and slain, with a great number of christian people. Ferdinand Archduke of Ostrich was chosen king of Hungary and Boheme. Charles married Isabella the kings sister of Portugal. Uariance between the bishop of Rome and the house of Columnensis. The bishop of Rome, the Venetians, and divers cities of Italy proclaimed war against the emperor & by their enticement the french king was moved to war, again upon the emperor. In so much that the emperors soldiers took the town and castle of milan and showed such cruelty toward the citizens that they were in mind to have forsaken their city, the confederates of Italy required to have king Henry as protector of their league, but he chose rather to be an indifferent in treater of peace between the two parties. The year of the world 5488 The year of Christ 1527 A proclamation published in England against all unlawful games, as Dice, Cards, and Bowls, Anni regum Angli 19 which continued not long in effect. The emperors soldiers took the cite of Rome, spoiled itand besieged the bishop Clement with his cardinals in the Mount Adrian. from whence he could not be dismissed by any means, until he agreed with his soldiers, notwithstanding that the emperor Charles himself, being than in Spain, and fearing the thunderbolt of excommunication (which the soldiers nothing regarded) did excuse himself by letters, that he knew not of that his men had done, and therefore willed the bishop to be set at lib●rtee. Don H●go de Mendosa, a great man borne in Spain came toking Henry as ambassador from the emperor. The bishop of Tarbe, the Uisecount of Torayne, and Antony Uescy second presidente of Paris, came in ambassade to the king out of France. ambassadors also came from the king of Hungary desiring aid against the Turk. The cardinal of England went with great pomp into France, where he concluded a league between king Henry of England and the French king, which both by the cardinals means, sent their defiance to the emperor, and a strong army into italy to deliver the bishop, and drive the emperors power out of the country The great master of France came to London with great triumph, for the conclusion of the forenamed league. The emperors' son of Tartary, with great puissance invaded Pannonie, but in the end he was vanquished and taken. This year were seen iii sons, which in some places wer● included with a double rainbow. Arthur Biln●i, Geffray Lome, and Garret were abjured by the cardinal, for speaking against the bishop of Rome's authority. The city Gean, was brought to the French kings dominion. Lord Lawdrike, and the French kings soldiers, took and spoiled Pavia Ferdinand made war upon a noble man of Hungary named U●auoyda, and took from him diue●s castles & towns. Charles the emperor made open protestation divers times before the kings heralds of England & France, that what soever was done in italy by his soldiers against the bishop, was contrary to his will and commandment. Lord Lawdrike, capitain of the french kings army in italy, in taking the town of melf, lost ten thousand men. Open hostilitee & war between the kings of England and France, and the emperor. And the merchants and ships of all parts were arrested. The year of Christ 1528 Corn was very dear in England and had been mucche dearer, The year of the world 5489 Anni regum Angli 20 had not been the good provision of the merchants of the Stilyarde, and an abstinence of war between England and Flaunders. Charl●s Duke of Gelder's invaded Holland and was discomfited by the lord Isilsteine, whom Lady Margaret regent of the country sent against him. The famous and excellent clerk johannes Reucline ended his life, by whose great learning and diligence the knowledge of the iii tongues, and especially Hebrew was again restored to the world, On S. Denis day a legate came from Rome to king Henry. The sweeting sickness raged in divers parts of E●land. The emperor sent the Duke of Brunswike with a great puissance into italy. The Millanours were still miserably oppressed by the emperors soldiers. The Duke of Brunswike took the city of Pavia, which shortly after was taken again by the frenchmen & the walls beaten down. Extreme war, pestilence, and famine in all Italy. Above. 2400●. of the French army, that besieged Naples, died of the pestilence, beside the most part of all their horses and beasts, so that there was not lest passing .v. thousand men in all. In this year in the month of june the legates sat at the black friars in London concerning the kings marriage & divorcement from the princess Dowagier which had been his brothers' wife. The year of the world The year of Christ Anni regum Angli 21 In October the cardinal was deposed from the chancellourship of England. Ferdinand of Hungary recovered many places which before were taken from him by the Turk, & expulsed out of the realm his enemy john Uuavoyda, which making claim to the crown of Hungary, fl●d for aid to the Turks. The Frechemen and Venetians went with an army of .40000. men t●●ubdue Naples, upon whom the emperors' soldiers came suddenly in the night and slew of them a great number, and afterwards in plain battle discomfited th●ir wh●le power, wherewith the french king being greatly moue● sent a navy into Spain which spoiled the country, but in the end they were all well near taken and slain. The Turk (in the quarrel of Uuavoyda) pe●ced Hungary with a terrible puissance, having in his army .250000 fight men, and exercised toward the inhabytauntes most extreme cruelty, for some they bereft of their ●ight some they rend and mangled in divers pieces, cutting of their noses, ears, hands, arms, privy membres and other parts of their bodies, Uirgines in most dishonest wise they ravished, of other women the pulled of the paps, and opening their wombs, which were great with child, burned the young babes. afterward he besieged Uienna, a city of Ostrich, and assailed the same very cruelly, twenty times he came to the walls, and still by the Christians was expelled, and driven back. In fine about the Idus of October, by the manhood, wyse●dome and policy of Philip earl Palatine of Rhine, and the Duke of Bavary, which were there as sovereign captains, the Turks were feign to return into their country, with the loss. of .60. thousand soldiers. A synod holden at Marsburge, where communication was had between Luther, Melancton, O●●olampadius, Zuinglius, for an agreement concerning the sacraments, which controversy had caused great variance among the preachers of germany, at which time the matter was not concluded, because the sweeting sickness that raged sore in that city, dissolved the counsel. A great famine and dearth in Venice and the country there about, whereof a great number died for lack of sustenance. Geane in the time of a great pestilence was recovered from the frenchmen, by the emperors soldiers. William Tindale first translated the new Testament into english, The sweeting sickness vexed Brabante, and a great part of Germiane, whereof very many died and especially in Antwerp, where in three days space it consumed v hundred persons. A peace was agreed upon between king Henry of England, the emperor, the French king, the king of Boheme and Hungary, and Clement the bishop of Rome▪ for the conclusion whereof and the deliverance of his children, the French king was bound to pay to Charles the emperor .20. hundred thousand crowns, beside divers other conditions. France's Sfortia was restored to his duchy of Milan & paid therefore to the emperor .900000. crowns The cardinal was cast in a praemunire, & forfeited all his lands and goods to the king. A parliament begun at Westmynster, wherein a reformation was taken for divers enormitees used of the spirituality, as probates of testaments, mortuaries, plurality of benefices, none residence, buying, selling, and taking of benefices by spiritual persons. etc. also the loan of money borrowed in the xu year of the king was releases. The emperor Charles, with great solemnity, Anni regum Angli 22 was crowned with the imperial Diadem by Clement the .7 bishop of Rome, The year of the world 5461 The year of Christ at Bonony, after which time he went to Augusta in Germany▪ where was holden a counsel for preparation of War against the Turk, and for agreement of mattiers in Almain. justus jonas, Breucins, Urbanus Rhegyus, Mart, Bucere, and divers other, with their preaching and writing sowed the sedes of heresy in Germany. Ripa, Shlamonius, Stella, famous lawyers, Falco, jonius, Ruellius, Cornarius, Fuchsius, physicians, Sarzorus. Zieglerus. Oroutius, Apianus, Munsterus, exc●l●ent in the quadrivialles, Urbanus Hessus, Uidas, Ursinus, Glarean, Sapidus, poets, Pa●lus Riccius, Rhenanus, Sadoletus, Gryneus, Uines, Aurogallus, Doletus & other innumerable learned men, and most expert and cunning in all sciences, lived in these days, whose works declare them to the whole world. Commandment was given by king Henry to the ●ishops, that Tindalles translation of the new Testament should be called in, and tha● they should see an other set forth to the profit of the people. A great deluge in Brabant, Holland, Selande, and the sea coasts of Flanders, where the waters o● the sea and other overflowed all the countries. Much harm was done also about Rome by the great rising of the river Tiber, and unseasonable tempests of winds. The wild Irishmen perceiving the ●rle of ●ildare to be in England, invaded his lands and divers other countries. Wherefore king Henry sent thither the Earl of Klidare and sir William Skevington, which shortly brought them to good order. The bishop of ●ondon caused a great noumbre of the new Testaments of Tyndals' translation to be burned. At Augusta the emperor held a counsel of the princes of Germany, where it was consulted how to maintain war against the Tu●ke, & to have an unity in matters of religion. Whereupon the churches of germany offered their confession to th'emperor, but nothing was done therein, saving that certain malicious friars took upon them to confute those confessions without scripture or reason. The Cardinal was arrested, and on S. Andrew's day died at Leycester as he should have been brought to the Tower of London. One boiled in Smithfielde at London for poisoning. The Emperor Charles made Ferdinand his brother king of Rome. The year of the world 5492 The year of Christ 1531 Anni regum Angli 23 A great earthquake well near in all Portugal the space of eight days. In the city of Ulisbone or Luxborne, a thousand four hundred housen were overthrown, and above .600. so shaken, that they were ready to fall. All the churches were cast to the ground as it were heaps of stones. This earthquake came (as it were) by fits seven or eight times in a day, the people forsook the city, and went into the fields. A great pestilence rose by means of the vapours of this 〈◊〉. A blasy●ge star appeared in Germany, italy, and Frau●c● toward the wea●● three weeks together in the month of August. The Turk came again into Hungary intending to conquer Uienna, but he was overthrown by the captains that were l●fte in the garrisons, and a great number of his men taken and slain. In the sea coasts of holland a fish was cast up by the sea that was in length .68. foot, in the thickness thirty. the yawning of his mouth was xiii foot wide. In this season were divers preachings in this realm one against an other, concerning the ●ynges marriage & divorcement from the lady Katherine. The french kings mother died. The king of Polony vanquished Uuavoyda and the Ualach●aus. A battle was fought between the Tigurines and their neighbours, wherein Zuinglius was slain. King Henry began to build his palace at Westminster. Anni regum Angli 24 The year of Christ 1532 King Henry went over the sea to meet with the french king, The year of the world 5493 with whom he went to Bulleyne, and the French king came again with him to Caleys, where after feasting and banqueting, each took leave of other, and returned to their realms. The king of long time had not kept company with the lady Katherine, because his marriage was in controversy, and by divers universities and learned men, determined to be against the law of God. Wherefore on S. Erkinwaldes day he married privyly the lady Anne Bulleyne, which on Whitsonday the next year following was crowned Queen with great solemnity. It was ordained by act of parliament that the kings subjects should no more pay annates or first fruits, nor sustain any such exactions or impositions they had before time paid to the sea of Rome for consecrating, electing or giving of licences or dispensations: But that they should have all such things within the realm and sue no further for the same. King Henry was divorced from lady Katherine which had been his brother's wife. Anni regum Angli 25 On Midsummer day died the French Queen, The year of the world 5494 The year of Christ 1533 wife to the Duke of Suffolk. Lady Elizabeth was borne at Grenewiche. An esquire of Gloucestershyre called William Tracie by one Doctor Parker, the bishop of Worcester's chancellor, was taken out of his grave, and burnt after he had been dead iii years, because he said in his will, he would have no funeral pomp at his burying, neither passed upon Mass, and that he trusted in god only, hoping in him to be saved, and by no saint. Within the space of these two years appeared iii blazing stars in divers parts beyond the sea. Thaamas' Sophy of the Persians', near to Euphrates overthrew the Turks in a great battle. King Henry sent the Duke of Norfolk, the lord Rocheforde and other in ambassade to the French king, as then intending to meet with the bishop of Rome at Niece. Daily skirmishing between the borderers of England and scotland, and yet no war proclaimed, and many robberies, murders, and s●aughters done on both parts, and although the commissioners of England and scotland sat at Newcastle entreating a truce and amity, yet the Scots ceased not to rob both by land and Sea. A peace concluded between England and scotland. The bishop of Romecursed king Henry and the realm of England, because of the divorce from lady Catherine. Certain m●nkes, friars, and other evil disposed persons, of a devilish intent had put in the heads of many of the kings subjects, that they had knowledge by revelation of god and his saints, that he was highly displeased with king Henry for the divorcement from the lady Catherine, and surmised among other things, that God had revealed to a Nun named Elizabeth Bar●on (whom they called the holy maid of Kent) that in cas●●he king proceeded to the said divorce, and married an other, he should not be king of this realm one month after, and in the reputation of god not one day nor hour. This Elisabeth Barton by false dissimulation had often practised and showed to the people marvelous alterations of her visage and other parts of her body, as she had been rapt or in a trance, and in those feigned trances by false hypocrisy, as though she had been inspired of god, spoke many words in rebuking sin, and reproving new opinions, which she called heresies, and among them uttered divers things to the great reproach of the king and the queen, and to the establishing of idolatry, Anni regum Angli 26 pilgrimage, The year of the world 5495 The year of Christ 1534 and false worshipping of god: for which naughtyn●s she was condemned and put to death with certain of her counsel, in april. Woulffe and his wife for a shameful murde● by them committed in slaying of two merchant strangers, were arraigned and hanged at the place where they had done the murder. The anabaptists caused great trouble and ruffling in the north parts of Germany, and at the city Monstere, choosing to their king one john a laid, exercised much cruelty, expelling other out of the city, that would not con●escende to their belief. This john a laid in token that he had both heavenly and earthly power, gave to his guard green and blue, and had for his arms the figure of the world round with a sword t●ru●● through it. He married himself xu wives, and ordained that other should have as many as they listed, and all other things to be common amongst them. The bishop of Monstere, by the aid of other princes, besieged the city against the rebellious anabaptists fifteen or sixteen months. In which time the stubborn and froward people sustained so great scarcity and hunger, that they being alive, were like dead corpses, and did eat commonly dogs, cats, mice, with other vile beasts, and seething hides, leather, and old shows, did poune the same, and made bread thereof. After long siege the city was won, spoiled, and destroyed with great● cruelty and slaughter of that wicked people. Paul the third was ordained bishop of Rome. Charles the emperor sailed with a great navy into Africa, & restored Altrachenus to the kingdom of Tunes. The lord Dacres of the North was arraigned of high treason, who so wittily and directly confuted his accusers, that to their great shame he was found guiltless. Frith a young man of excellent wit and learning, was brent in Smithfield for his opinion concerning the sacrament. The bishop of Rome's unlawful tyranny was utterly abolished out of this realm, and commandment given that he should no more be called pope, but only bishop of Rome, and that the king should be deputed and taken as a supreme head of the church of England, & have full authority to reform and redress all errors, heresies and abu●es in the same. The first fruits and tenths of all spiritual dignities and promotions were granted to king Henry by act of parliament. The earl of Kildare died inthe tower of London, and his son Thomas Fitzgararde rebelling in Ireland, slew the bishop of Divelinge, and took the kings ordinance. Wherefore king Henry sent thither sir William Sk●uington with a company of soldiers. Anni regum Angli 27 Sir Thomas Moor, not long before chancellor of England, john bishop of Roche●ter, The year of the world 5496 The year of Christ 1535 and three monks of the charter house were put to death, for denying the king to be supreme head of the church, and maintaining the bishop of Rome's authority. An order was appointed for sanctuaries and sanctuary men, because divers naughty persons, trusting to the liberties that before time had been used, committed many detestable murders robberies and other abominable acts. Lord Cromwell was in this time in high favour with the king, and bare great rule in this realm. Lady Katherine princess Dowagier ended her lyfein the month of januarie, and is buried at Peterborowe. William Tindale, which translated the new Testament into the English tongue, by the cruelty of the clergy of Lovene was burnt beside Bruxelles in Brabant. Badurius king of Cambaia in Indie, being overset in war of Aymanus king of Carmania, willingly became tributary to the king of Portugal, that he might obtain aid of him against his enemy. At this time were given to the King by consent of the abbots, all religious houses that were of .300. mark, and under. The year of the world 5497 The year of Christ 1536 King Henry was again divorced from the marriage of Lady Anne Bulleyne, as unlawful and ungodly, Anni regum Angli 28 and the said lady Anne with her brother George Bulleyne lord Rocheforde, and Henry Norreis, Francis Weston, William Brereton, Mark Smeton, gentlemen of the kings privy chamber, shortly after was beheaded for divers treasons and naughty acts intended and committed with the said gentlemen. The king took to wife the right excellent and most virtuous lady jane Seimour daughter to sir john Seimor knight. After many things were published here in this realm by king Henry and his counsel, with consent of the bishops and his clergy, concerning the alteration of divers points of religion, and that certain holy● days were forb dden, and many abbeys suppressed: the rude people of lincolnshire, fearing the utter subversion of their ol● superstition, which they had lived in so many years, raised a great commotion, and gathered together well near 20000. men, against whom the king w●nt with a strong power. Whereof when the rebels had knowledge, they desired pardon, broke up their army, and departed every man to his home, their capitains were apprehended and worthily punished. Immediately after began a new commotion in Yorkshire, for the same causes, but the people were more incensed through vain tales and lies that were spread by certain naughty and seditious persons, as that all their silver chalices, crosses, jewels, and other ornaments should be taken out of their churches. That no man should be married or eat any dainty meat in his house, but he should pay a tribute for the same to the king. These people were gathered to the numbered of .40000. having for their badges the v wounds, with the figure of the sacrament, and jesus written in the mids, and called their devilish rebellion a holy pilgrimage, in token that they intended to fight for the maintenance of Christian religion. Against these rebels the king sent the Duke of Suffolk, the duke of Norfolk, the Marks of Excester, and other, with a great army, by whom after the day and place was appointed to fight, suddenly the night before the battle should have been, the water that was between them ros● in such wise, that the two armies coul●e not come together. By the occasion whereof the captains of both parts had communication of peace, and promise was made to the rebels, that such things as they were grieved with, should be redressed by the kings auctor●tie. Wherewith they being appeased by the providence and help of god departed without bloodshedding. The river of Thames was overfrosen. Thomas Fitz Garet (late Earl of Kildare, and five of his uncles were hanged, drawn, and quartered at London in February. Nicol Musgrave, Thomas Gylby and other steered a new rebellion, and besieged the city of Carlisle, from whence they were driven, and many of them taken and put to death. The year of the world 5498 The year of Christ 1537 Anni regum Angli 29 Sir Frances Bygot, sir Robert Constable, and other began an other conspiracy, and for the same were a●teinted and executed in the month of june. On S. Edward's even the noble prince Edward was born at Hampton court, who is now our sovereign lord and king. Shortly after the virtuous lady queen jane his mother died in childbedde, & was buried at Windsor. An assemble was holden at Wittenberg, wherein the preachers of Germany agreed concerning the controversy of the sacrament of the body and blood of Christ. Sir Thomas Percy, sir Stephen of Hamelton, sir john Bulmer and his wife, William Lomley, Nicolas Tempest, and the abbots of jerney and Rivers, also the lord Darcy, the lord Husey, Robert Ask were condemned and put to death for high treason. james king of Scots, married lady Magdalene the French kings eldest daughter. Friar Forest was hanged and brent in Smithfielde for treason and heresy, with the image of Daruell Gathern of Wales, The year of the world 5499 The year of Christ 1538 in which idol the Welshemen had a great confidence and feigned of him many strange things. In the month o● december, the Marquis of Excester, the lord Montacute, and sir Edward Nevell were beheaded for treason, that was laid to their charges. Sir Nicholas Carew master of the horses, was beheaded for treason. Pilgrimage and idolatry were forbidden: divers images also having inginnes to make their eyes open and shut, and other parts of their body to steer, and many other false jugglings, as the blood of hails, and such like, wherewith the people of long time had been deceived, were espied out and destroyed. abbeys were suppressed, and all friars, monks, cannons, nuns and other sects of religion, were rooted out of this realm, for their iniquity and naughtiness. In Ma●e the citisyns of London mustered all in bright harness, with coats of white silk and cloth, Anni regum Angli 31 and chains of gold, in three great battles. The abbots of reading, Glastonbury and Colchester, with divers other were atteinted of treason and put to death. It was ordained, that such religious persons as were discharged of their profession might purchase, pursue and be sued in all manner of actions. authority was granted to the king by act of parliament, to nominate and make bishops and bishoprics by his letters patents or other writings. The lands and profits of all abbeys heretofore dissolved, or that hereafter should be dissolved were assured to the kings highness and his heirs. The great Only of Ireland invaded the english ●ale, and brent almost twenty miles within the same, wherefore the lord Gray, being deputy there, assembled a strong power and drove him back. Duke Friderike of Baverie, Palsgrave of Rhine, the Marshal of Duke john Friderike, elector of Saxony, with certain other came to London: by whom the marriage was concluded between King Henry and the lady Anne, sister to the Duke of Cleve, who in Decembre was received into the realm with great triumph and sumptuous provision. The commons of Gaunt rebelled, and were brought in subjection and cruelly handled by the Emperor. The act made for the abolishing of opinions concerning the vi articles was published with great rigour and extremity. Which ye may read in the acts of the pa●liament holden the xxxi year of the king. Anni regum Angli 32 In this year was so great a h●ate and drought, that in many places the people would have given one bushel for the grinding of an other, The year of the world 5501 The year of Christ 1540 and divers great rivers were dried. The bishop of Chichester and doctor Wilson were delivered out of the tower upon the kings pardon. Many died of hot● burning agues and of the lask in all parts of this realm. The religion of the knights of the Rhodes, was dissolved by act of parliament. By commandment of king Henry, certain learned men were appointed to set forth an uniform introduction into the latin tongue, which only should be taught in all schools, the use of all other grammars being set a part. Barns, Hierom, Garrarde priests, were forced to recant, at S. Mary's spittle in London. Lord Cromwell late before created Earl of Essex, and Water lord Hungerforde, were beheaded the .28. day of july. The xxx day, Robert Barnes, Thomas Garrarde, William Hierom priests were burned. The same day Thomas Abel, Edward Powel, and Richard Fetherston were hanged drawn and quartered, for maintaining the bishop of Rome's authority, and denying the king to be supreme head of the church of England. King Henrye by authority of the clergy was divorced from his pretenced marriage made with the lady Anne of Cleve, and married shortly after the lady Katherine haward. where they were sworn to be true prisoners, and than were delivered to the custody of divers noble men, which honourably entertained them. In this season an herald of England, riding on the borders side to do a message, was met by certain rebels, which cruelly against all law of arms slew him in his coat armure. But they for this most vengeable deed were s●nt to the king the year following, who worthily executed them for that offence. After the overthrow of the Scottish army, the king of Scots did not long enjoy his lyf●: for he died incontinent after, leaving his queen with child, who was delivered of a maiden. At New years tide the Scots that were taken by Ca●li●e, were by the king sent home again with great gifts, upon condition to agree to certain articles for the wealth of both realms. The Bordeaux fl●te was arrested in Gascoigne, and likewise the frenchmen h●re, and at the isle of Wight were taken seven ships jaded with merchandise of the frenchmen. Whereupon the ambassadors of both parties were restrained, & after divers requests proponed to the ambassador of France, certain respite was granted to know his masters mind, who would not agree to any reasonable demands, nor yet receive the kings herald, who came with honourable and indifferent conditions of peace: for which causes and most specially for the common profit of Christendom, seeing the French king had entered in league with the Turk, and procured him to make war upon Christendom, and also that he withholding from king Henry his tribute, he with the emperor Charles ioyn●tely proclaimed war against the french king. In the mean time a parliament was holden at London, in which an act was made, whereby the common pe●ple were restrained from r●dyng the holy scripture, and in li●u of it was set forth by the king and his clergy, a doctrine for all his subjects to follow, to the which all books that were repugnant by authority of the said parliament were condemned. In this parliament was granted a subsidy to the king of two s. of the pound of goods and iii s. of lands to be paid in three years. Anni regum Angli 35 Thomas Becon, wisdom, The year of the world 5504 The year of Christ 1543 and Shingleton were forced to recant openly at Paul's cross. The Abrine a lord of Ireland, with divers of the wild Irish submitted them unto King Henry. King Henry married lady Katherine Latimer at Hampton court. About this time the Sacre of Diep, a ship royal, and the minion of England fought a cruel fight, till both parties were weary, and so parted. At Windsor were three men burned. An army sent over by king Henry, of which sir john Wallop captain of Guines, was general, sir Thomas Seimour high marshal, Sir Robert Bowes treasurer, sir George Carew, Thomas Palmer, john Rainesforth john Saint john, and john Gascoigne knights, captains of the footmen, sir Richard Cromwell captain of the horsemen, who departed from Calais, the xxii of julie. London was sore vexed with the plague, for which cause the king with all the nobility kept them from thence, and the term also was adjourned to. S. Alban's, where it began, the. xii●i. of November. Doctor London, dean of Osenay, with William Simons for perjury, road with papers at Windsor, and after were sent to the Flete. About Alhalowtyde a road was made into scotland by the garrison there, who burned .60. villages, and took great preys both of men and beasts. In France sir George Carow, & sir Thomas Palmer were taken prisoners in the pursuit of the frenchmen, when they fled from their camp. The siege of Landersey was broken up, upon hope to have fought with the French King, who came with a mighty army, promising 〈◊〉 his heralds to have given battle, but he intended nothing less. For when he h●d vitailed Laundersa●, the night before he should have fought, he fled with all his power. In November the Englishmen men that were sies were made felony. The bishopric of Chester, and the isle of Man, was severed from the bishop of Canturburie, to the iurisdyction of York. The lady Katherine Haward, whom the king had married, for her unchaste living and naughty acts committed with Thomas Culpeper of the privy chamber, and Francis Dereham, was by authority of parliament atteinted and put to death in February, with whom also died jane lady Rochforde, as privy unto all her deeds. Lord William hayward and his wife, with divers other were condemned to perpetual prison, for misprisyon of high treason, but afterward by the kings pardon they were delivered. A maid was boiled for poisoning divers persons within the city of London. The year of the world The year of Christ 1542 In Mate king Henry took a loan of money of all such as were above the value of fifty p●unde. Anni regum Angli 34 The great Only, a lor● of the wild Irish, with other, submitted them to king Henry. The commissioners sent to the borders of scotland, to determine the debate of the confines, were fain to depart, because the Scots would agree to no reasonable demands. The Scots the fourth of julie, began to invade the borders spoiling and burning as it had been in open war: for which cause a garrison was sent thither. Then the Scots after their false manner pretended peace and amity with earnest suit for the same: and nevertheless in the mean time spoiled the borders with sudden norreiss and incursyons. In revengement whereof sir Robert Bows made a road into scotland, where he with other were taken without putting to ransom. Than the king sent the Duke of Norfolk thither with an army royal. But at York (by the crafty dissimulation of the king of Scots, who sent ambassadors to entreat for peace) the army was stayed, and after long consultation, with m●che time spent, the Scots would condescend to no indifferent conditions. Wherefore the Duke went forward and entered scotland, burning and wasting all the marches, and there tarried without any battle proffered by the king of Scots, until the mids of November, and so returned. This summer by the procurement of the French king, the Duke of Cleve rebelled against the emperor, and a great number of Cleveners and Gelder●ys, with one Martin of Rossein the capitain, came down to Antwerp, and lay before the town trusting to get it with the healp● of a great number of traitors, which were within: but by the wisdom of the governors, it was preserved, and the traitors within being tried out, were worthily punished: through which their enemies departed disapoincted of their purpose. The French king prepared greatly for the wars, fortifying all parts of his realm: and went with a great army to besiege Pampi●●●● a strong town in the entry of Spain whereby he might have passage into Navern: but he nothing prevailed, the town w●s ●o well kept. After the departure of our army from S●●tl●n●●, the king of Scots, to be revenged, privily assembled a strong army, purposing to take Carl●le, a●d destroy all the west Marches, which he thought to be but w●ake, because all the power and provision of the Englisshem●n lay in the east marches about Barwyke. Therefore he sent the lord Maxwell, warden of his west marches who knew the country well, with the Earls of Cassiles and Glencarn, and divers of his privy chamber to conduct this army. But by the prows and wisdom of sir Thomas Warton and sir William Mu●graue, with a right few of the borderers, being in all not above two thousand, these Scots were met upon. S. Katherine's even: where by great power of God, they being in number between .15000. and .18000. and well provided for the wars, were overthrown. In which conflict was taken the lord Maxwell, the Earls of Glencarn and Cassiles, with all the chief captains of the army: and on S. Thomas even the apostle, they were brought to London to the Tower, where they lay that night, and the next day following they were by the kings charge appareled all in silk and road through the city to Westminster, The winter was very sharp, and much frost and snow fell, so that many beasts died for cold. The king began great building at Calais & Guisnes. A subsidy granted to the king of xii d. of the pound of goods, and ii s. of lands. The courts of the first fruits & wards were erected. Egerton and Harman were put to death for counterfeiting the kings great seal. Alexander Seton Scotte, and William Tolwine priests were constrained to recant openly at Paul's cross The year of the world The year of Christ 1541 Anni regum Angli 33 The countess of Salesbury, for treason that she wrought against the king, through the persuasion of the traitor raynold Pool her son, was beheaded within the tower. The same day also were executed at Tyburn three which had begun a new rebellion in the North parts: but by the policy 〈◊〉 counsel there, they were quickly apprehended. Two of the guard were hanged at Grenewiche by the court, the kings grace being there, for robberies which they had committed about black heath. The xxviii day of july were hanged at S. Thomas Watring, Mantill, Roydon, and Froudes gentlemen, for a spoil and murder that they had done in one of the kings parks, upon May morning, the lord Dacres of the South being in company with them. And on the morrow, which was S. Peter's day, the lord Dacres was led from the tower a foot by the two shiriftes through the city to Tyburn, and there put to execution for the ●ame offence. A proclamation set forth by the king for the abrogation of superfluous holidays, and the vain ceremonies of the Nicolas bishop, with the abstaining from flesh on saint Marks day. The lord Leonarde Gray, which before was deputy general of Ireland, was beheaded at Tower hill, for certain treason which he had there committed. A proclamation was published, that the English Bible should be had in every parish church, ready for all sorts of men to resort unto at times convenient. About this time a new trade of dancing of galiardes upon five paces, and vaunting o● horses was brought in to the realm by Italians, which shortly was exercised commonly of all young men, and the old fashion left. Doctor Pates, whom king Henry had sent in ambassade to the emperor, at the coming of the bys●oppe of Winchester into Almaigne, secretly fled away to the bishop of Rome, most like a traitor, being put in trust by his prince. The emperor at the breaking up of the council in Almaigne, departed from thence into Italy, where he prepared an a●my to go to the city o● Algiers in Africa, in which usage fortune was contrary to him. For his navy lying in the road of Algiers, by a tempest & contrary wind were driven parforce upon the town where they were destroyed, and many of the galeys also were drowned with ordinance and other habiliments of war. The emperor being on land, with part of his army was in great distress, what for lack of victual, & through great weate which fell on them. In this voyage sir Henry Kneuet, ambassador for king Henry hardly escaped the danger of the sea. And so the emperor was fo●ced to return into Spain without obtaining his purpose. A welsheman was hanged drawn and quartered, for prophesying of king Henry's death. King Henry took his progress to the city of York, where he looked for the coming of his nephew the king of Scots, who had promised to come unto him, and came not, but in stead thereof made an invasion upon England, and after in the Christmas, sent ambassadors to dissimule his unfaithful and unnatural heart, whom nevertheless the king honourably entertained. A parliament holden in Ireland, where by the common consent of that realm, they desired the kings highness to take on him the name of king of Ireland, for avoiding of continual war amongst them. Whereupon the king by proclamation altered his style, and received the name of king of Ireland. A parliament was begun the xvi day of Ianuarye, in which witchcrafts, conjurations, enchantments, with declaration of arms names and badges in prophecies, sent thither came home again. A little before Christmas the Uiceroy of Sicil came from the emperor to king Henry in ambassade, of whom he was honourably entertained: and shortly returned again. At that time a ship was drowned in Goodwynes sand, wherein many gentlemen of Spain, going toward their country, were lost. In the Christmas time the fleet going toward Flaunders by tempest were sore tossed, and in great danger: at which time a vessel jaded with corn was taken by the Frenchmen, and certain ships of theirs jaded with fish was taken by the englishmen. In this year being the leap year, chanced four eclipses, one of the son the .24. of Ianuarye, and three of the moon. In januarie all the Scots, which were taken and sworn to be true to king Henry, setting a side both the fear of God and all humanity, traitorously fell from him, nothing regarding his exceeding gentleness showed to them, in delivering them free (taken in the invalyon of his realm) nor yet the honourable entertainment here more like princes than prisoners. In february Germin Gardiner, John Heiwod, with other, for denying the kings supremitee, were arraigned and condemned to die. The same time five priests, for an insurrection that they intended, were adjudged to die. The lone which was lente in the .34. year of the kings reign, by authority of parliament, was forgiven. A licence granted to use the feat of shooting in handgunnes: Which before men were prohibited to do. In the beginning of Lent lord Edward Seimour earl of Hereforde was made lieutenant of the north parts, and sent thither with an army for the defence of that country. Germin Gardyner, and Lark person of Chelsei beside London, The year of Christ 1544 were executed at Tyburn, for denying the king to be supreme head of the church. The year of the world 5505 The xxii day of March the lord admiral, with a great navy departed from the port of London towards scotland. All this lent season a counsel was holden at Spires in Almaigne, at which the emperor with the princes of almain, and the bishop of Rome's legate were p●●sent. The .29. of March the parliament begun in the. ●3. year, was clean dissolved, wherein was e●tabl sh●● t●e succession of the kings highness, and also an act ●or preservation of woods, and the rigour of the act of ●ixe articles was somewhat qualified. Upon May even died the lord Thomas Audeley high chancellor of England: after whom succeeded lor●e Thomas Writhosel●y. Upon May day the navy sent by the lord admiral, which until this time had no good wind, took their voyage into scotland from Tynmouthe: with whom was lord Edward Seimour Earl of Hertforde, the kings lieutenant, and general captain of the a●my, which the fourth day of May arrived by Lith, the haven of Edenbourgh, and took the town of ●ith, and spoiled it. After which they made towards Edinburgh, where at a certain bridge, the Scots had laid their ordinance, but by the policy and manhood of our captains and soldiers, the Scots ordinance was won, and discharged against themselves, and thereby were put to flight. After this the town of Edenbourgh, sent unto the army, pretending to deliver the town upon certain conditions, to the behoove of our king: but when the army entered, they were invaded by them, for which cause the town was destroyed, and clean wasted. King Henry and the Emperor agreed jointly to invade the realm of France, with two great powers. A proclamation made, enhancing the value of gold to the rate of xlviii s, and silver to four s. the ounce. The xu day of May, all frenchmen not being denisens', were commanded to departed the realm within xx. days, upon pain to be sent unto the galeyes. King Henry made great provision for a voyage into France. Irisshemen to the number of .700. with darts and handegunnes after their manner, mustered before the king in S. james park. Bonfyres we●e made in London for the good speed and safe return of the kings army ou● of scotland: and the lord Maxwell was again taken prisoner. After the whitson holy days, the duke of Norfolk and the lord privy seal with a great army, took their viage into France, and besieged Mountrell, wher● they lay until the king had won the town of Bulleyne. Not long after, the duke of Suffolk, with many other noble me●, passed the seas, and encamped before Bulleyne on the eas● side. The xiiii day of july king Henry himself, with a goodly company passed from Dover to Caleys, and on the xxvi. day of the same month, encamped on the north side of Bulleyne. After whose coming the town was so sore battered with gun-shot, and certain of their tower's being undermined, so shaken with force of gunnepouder, that after a months siege, the captain sent word to the king, that he would yield the town to his behalf, on condition that all which were within, might depart with bag and baggage, which condition king Henry mercifully granted. And the Bulleynors departed one and other, to the number of .4454. In this mean time the Emperor had made a peace with the french king, whereat king Henry was not a little displeased, and shortly after returned into England. Shortly after, the frenchmen came by night upon the englishmen in Bas●boleyne, and slew of them a great n●ber. Howbeit they were shortly chased from thence and the Base town holden after that in good quietness. Mounsire de Beese, with xu thousand Frenchmen encamped over against Bulleyne on the other side of the water, intending to build there a fort. But shortly after he was set upon in his camp, by th'earl of Hertford, the lord Lisle, the lord gray of Wilton and others, and fled with all his power, leaving behind him his ordinance, tents, and plate. The xix day of Februarye was cruelly bourned at Torney in the frontiers of France, The year of the world 5506 The year of Christ 1545 Anni regum Angli 3 one Peter Brulius a frenchman, sometime preacher of the gospel of Christ, in Arg●ntine, a city in Germany. The manner of his death was this, he was burned with a small fire, to the end to make his torment the greater. He stood manfully to his doctrine even to the last breath, and being in prison he did by letters confirm his disciples, and comfort his wife and children even after he was condemned to die. The doctrine that he stood to in his last examination consisteth in these points. first, that in the supper of the Lord duly ministered and received: is in spirit by faith received the very body of Christ. That the mass is a mere man's invention iniur ious to Christ. That the worshipping of the consecrated bread, is idolatry. That there is none other purgatory but Christ's blood. That we can not honour saints better▪ then by following them in faith and virtue. That man's free-will is so letted by the fall of Adam, that▪ without gods grace it can do no good thing. That it is faith which bringeth us salvation. That no man's traditions ought to be received to bind conscience. That to have images in temples, is very dangerous, for falling into idolatry. That baptism is the sign of the covenant that God hath made with us, and of th● mortifications and new life that should follow baptism, and that this sacrament ought not to be denied to infants, sith the promise pertaineth to them also. That no vow ought to be made more than the word of god requireth, or that is not in man's power to perform. That eareshrift, other then for counsel in doubtful matters, is a very dangerous tormenting of the mind. And that he did not doubt of the perpetual virginity of the virgin Mary. The Summer after, the Frenchmen came down with a great power, and builded the fort or bastilion, over against Boulogne, which the french king named Monpleasure, between which fort & the town of Boulogne, were continual skirmishes, to the loss of both parts. Word came to king Henry that the frenchmen intended to land in the Isle of Wight. Wherefore he went to Por●ismouth, & sent letters into divers parts of his ●●alm, to have men in a readiness. At which his being there, a goodly ship of the kings named Marry rose with sir George ●arew the captain, and many othe●●●ntilmen was drowned in the mids o● the haven b●●r●at folly and negligence. Lord Edward Seimour ●●le of Hertforde was sent by the king into scotland with an army of .12000. men where he destroyed divers towns in the middle marches, and greatly endamaged the Scots. A parliament holden at westminster, wherein was granted to the king a subsidy. of ii s. viii d. in the pound of movable goods, and four s. of lands, to be paid in th●e year, also colleges, chaunteries, & hospitals: were given into the kings hands, for his life time. Lord Lisle high admiral of England, landing in Normandy, brent the suburbs of Treiporte, and took and spoiled well near all the ships in the haven: after that he destroyed many villages by the sea side, and got great pray. Mounsire de Bees invaded the English pale beside Gravelin. By means of the emperor, communication of peace was had between the ambassadors of Eng●and and France but nothing at this time was con●lu●e●. King Henry sent the lord Edwa●de 〈◊〉 Earl of Hertforde, and the lord Lisle hy●h 〈◊〉 all with a company of .7000. men, to pr●u●nt 〈…〉, who intended to build an other fort at 〈…〉 ●ode, At which time they entr●d into the haven two ●ay● before the frenchmen had appointed to b● there. An● so 〈◊〉 seated them of their purpose. Often skirmishes between the English garrison of Bulleyn and the French fort, greatly to the loss of both parts. And at one tym● especially were slain xvi english gentle men▪ and lxxx other, and few or none of the frenchmen. The Stews and other like brothel houses were by the kings commandment put down in all parts of the realm, as places that did maintain whoredom, manslaughter, and all other mischief and naughtiness. A peace concluded between England and France, Anni regum Angli which was proclaimed on Whitsonday to the great rejoicing of both realms. The year of the world 5507 The year of Christ 1546 For conclusion of this peace, the viscount Lisle high Admiral, with the bishop of Duresme, and a goodly company of men went into France, after whose return, the bishop of ●●reux and two Earls came into England, and were honourably received w●h great joy and triumph. Anne Askew gentlewoman, john Lassels gentleman, ●nd two other were brent in Smithfield● for opinions contrary to the acts of the six Articles, At which time doctor Shaxton also recanted. The duke of Norfolk, and his son the Earl of Sur●●y, were attainted of treason. For which his son was put to execution, and himself committed to the Tower where he remained long time. In januarie, the renowned ●ing Henry the eight ended his life, and was buried at windsore. THe most gracious and noble prince Edward the s●xt being ix years of age, The year of the world The year of Christ 1543 succeeded his father in the governance of this realm, and was crowned at Westmin●ter on Shrofe sunday, with great solemnity. In whom the people much rejoiced, wishing hertily his long and prosperous reign over them, for that they saw in him evident liklyhodes of Christian and politic government, when years should make ripe those fruits of virtue which even in his tender age appeared to be sown in his royal heart. Under this King, in the the time of his minority, his uncle Edward Duke of Somerset, Lord protector, with the rest of the counsel, governed this realm. By wh●me, to the furtherance of god's word and true religion, commissioners were sent into all parts of the realm with commandment to take all Images out of churches, for avoiding of Idolatry, and to cause all persons to leave the superstitious use of beads. With these commissioners were sent certain godly learned preachers which dehorted men from superstition, and instructed them to give themself to true and unfeigned worshipping of god in heart and mind, with due obedience towards their prince. This year order was taken that the pompous and superstitious manner of going in procession should be left, and no more used. The last day of july, Steven Gardiner bishop of Winchester was sent prisoner to the tower of London. And about the same time, Doctor Smith of Oxford recanted openly at paul's cross, divers articles contained in two books which he had made: one for the defence of the sacrifice of the Maise, an other to prove that unwritten verities ought to be believed under pain of damnation. Shortly after, the Lord Protectoure and earl of Warwick, went into scotland with a strong army requiring the Scots to fulfil their promise made before to king Henry, concerning the marriage of their young Queen with noble prince Edward his son. But the Scots always unfaithful of promiss, stubb●rnel●e came against them with a great puissance. And not long after, the two armies encountered in the fields of Muscleborow● at a place called Pinkersloughe, the englishmen not thincking as then to have battle. And because the front of the Scottish army was so terribly set with pikes, our horsemen that gave the first on set, were enforced to recoil, with loss of certain gentlemen, which reculing much abashed our footmen. But yet, by the great wisdom and policy of the captains, and the good stomach of our soldiers, wherewith god had at that present strengthened them: they gave a new onset, and without any notable fight discomfited the Scots and obtained a noble victory. At this time were slain of the Scots between thirteen and fourteen thousand, and not passing an hundred englishmen. This year did the pestilence so rage in the City of London, that men fell to burying their dead, early in the mornings, and late in the evenings, whereupon a commandment was given to all curates, that they should bury none before vi in the morning, nor after vi. at night, and that a bell should ring three quarters of an hour or more. After michaelmas was holden a parliament, wherein chantries were given into the kings hands, to be altered and disposed at his pleasure. It was also ordained in this parliament, that the body and blood of Christ should be received of all persons in both kinds, bread and wine. And an order was appointed for the avoiding of sturdy vagabonds and beggars. In this mean while, Peter Martyr, a Florentine borne, and of excellent knowledge in divinity, being sent for by Thomas Cranmer archbishop of Canterbury: came into England▪ in November, and shortly after was made reader of divinity in the university of O●forde for his excellency and soundness in doctrine. Also in this parliament were repealed certain bloody statutes made in the time of king Henry the eight, Anni regum Angli 2 The year of the world The year of Christ 1548 amongst which the statute of six articles was one. The fift day of Februarye, the above named duke of Somerset, with the rest of the counsellors of the realm, did write unto the Scots in the kings name, a very long and pithy Oration, exhorting them to embrace peace, but in vain, as afterward appeared, to the great loss of both realms. In this February hot persecution began again in France, and especially at Paryse, for the doctrine of Martin Luthere, where as in the mean while, in England, mens wits were occupied in devising how to abolish the mass utterly. In april following, Martin Bucer, being sent for by the marquis of Brandenborough one of the princes electors, came from Strawsborough in Germany to Aus●orough, and was there of him and other at his appointment, entreated and persuaded, by fair words and promises, by rough words and threatenings, and by all means possible, to give his consent to a book called Antididagma, which the Papists had been in hand with, from the year of our Lord, a thousand five hundred forty and two, to this presents year a .1548, and had as now made it perfect as they thought: But all this not withstanding Bucer departed, not giving consent to their book, but not without danger of his life. This book was first pend against that book of reformation of religion which Herman bishop of Coleyn caused to be drawn, and was afterwards set forth in his name. But yet when they had made it as perfect as they could, and had confirmed in it all popery, welmoste it could not be allowed by God's vicar of Rome, because there were in it some things granted to the contrary part. The first day of October Edmund Boner bishop of London was deprived of his bishopric, and put in prison in the Marshalsey, for that he obstinately stood in the defence of popish superstition, and Nycholas Ridley bishop of Rochester, was by the kings authority translated to London. The fourth day of November was a parliament holden at Westminster upon prorogation, wherein was authorized a book of an uniform order of common prayer and administration of the sacraments in the english tongue. Also the marriage of priests was in the same parliament made lawful. Moreover the act made in the xxxii of the reign of king Henry the eight concerning contracts of matrimony, was in this parliament repealed, for that many beastly persons, maliciously enterpreting the same, did by obtaining the first carnal copulation, take from honest men their despoused wives. Sir Thomas Seimour lord Seimour of Sudley high admiral of England, The year of the world The year of Christ Anni regum Angli 3 was by parliament attainted of treason, for which his head was stricken of at the tower hill in London the twenty of March. It was said, that he fought to destroy the young king Edward his nephew, and to make himself king, but most men think he died innocent in that matter. In april, Martin Bucer and Paulus Fagius, men of excellent learning, after many letters sent to them from Thomas Cranmer archbishop of canterbury, came into England, and were friendly received of the king himself, of the whole nobility welmoste, and of the people also. And after they had a while refreshed themselves with the archbishop of Canterbury, they were both sent to Cambri●ge, there to teach the true doctrine of Christ. In May following Peter Martyr and the divines of Oxford, disputed openly of the lords supper and the presence of Christ therein. These questions did Peter Martyr propone and defend. That the substance of bread & wine is not changed, and that the body and blood of Christ is not carnally and corporally in the bread and wine, but is sacramentally united or knit thereunto. The report of this disputation was afterwards setforth in print, wherein the moderators of the disputations appointed by the king, do plainly declare, that Martyr had the upper hand. In june following, the French king came to Paris, with great pomp, and this was the first coming of him thither after the death of his father, where at his being there, and in his presence, as some think, many were put to death for Luther's doctrine. And the king, as it appeared by a writing then set forth in print, and sent into all parts of France, was there professed an open enemy to that sort of men, determining to root them quite out of his dominions. And not long after, he cut of monsieur Ueruines' head, for that he had surrendered Boulogne to king Henry the eight, after a long siege and sore battery and assaults. About this time, there began in England great sedition among the people in all parts, but chiefly in Norfolk and in Devonshire. The chief captain in Devonshire was sir john Arundel a knight, and in Norfolk one Kite a tanner. These both required grounds lately enpastured and enparked to be laid open again, but the chief cause of their rebellion was to have the popish mass and ceremonies restored. They wronghte much by a blind prophecy, which told them that they should meet at London. And in deed so they did, for they were brought prisoners thither in one day, and committed to the tower. Such is the good success that they have which follow blind prophecies. In this mean while did the french king invade and win the fort which king Henry had builded beetwene Boulogne and Calais, called Newhaven, the loss whereof was laid to the Duke of Somersettes' charge, for that he being protector had not seen that piece better furnished. And in conclusion john Dudley the Earl of warwick with the assent and help of others, counsellors and nobles of the realm, charged him in open proclamation of misgovernment▪ and caused him to be apprehended at Wyndsore, whether he was fled with the young ●ynge his nephew, from whence he was brought as a traitor to the tower of London. The fourth day of November a parliament was holden at Westminster upon prorogation, and there continued and kept to the first day of February, wherein was made an act for the punishment of such as would unlawfully assemble themselves. Also an act for the restitution of blood in sir William Sheryngton knight, and an other for Mary daughter to sir Thomas Seimor high admiral. In this mean while, Paulus Fagius died at Cambridge about the end of November, The year of the world 5511 The year of Christ 1550 of a quartan. Anni regum Angli In the beginning of February, the bishop of Strausborowe had brought his matters to pass, and made perfect his ministers, and began solemnly in iii churches of the City, which the Senate had permitted him to occupy, the Popish manner of their god's service, to the great admiration of youth, which had seen no such monstrous mummeries before. A little before this, Arundel who was captain to the Devonshire men was hanged, drawn, and quartered at Tyburn. This was done the xxvi of Ianuarye. And about the ●ame time, Ky●● captain of the rebels in Norfolk was with his brother condemned and sent to be hanged in chains at Norwiche. Before this, the xix day of the same month, were murdered without Newgate in London one Gamba and a● other Filicirga, captains of the spaniards, that had served in the wars at Boulogne, and else where. This murder was done by one Charles Gavaro a fleming borne, who for the same deed had his hand cut of in the place where he did it, and was with his three men hanged in Smithfielde upon Saint Paul's even then next following. He came post from Barwik to London, to do this murder, and at his death said he would never repent it. The vi day of February, the duke of Somerset was delivered out of the tower. The same month went out of England certain lords of the counsel to Boulogne, where certain of the french counsel met with them, where at the last they concluded a peace, which was proclaimed the xxix day of March following. And about the xxv of Aprille, the town of Boulogne with the fortresses thereunto belonging, was delivered by the englishmen into the hands of the frenchmen. The second day of May was brent in Smithfielde a woman called jone Knel, otherwise called jone Boucher, for the horrible heresy, that Christ took no flesh of the virgin Mary. And at her death did preach one master john Scory, than preacher at Canterbury. About this time there wer● certain light persons that pretended a new commotion in Kent, but they were apprehended, and the xiii of May was hanged at Ashforde in Kent Richard Lion, and G●ddard Goram and the next day following was hanged at Canterbury Richard Ireland for the same purpose. In this mean while, the englishmen, and many others which favoured the gospel in the low countries of Germany, were sore amazed, by reason of an Edict that Charles the Emperor set forth against the Lutherans, and all their favourers, and such as should be found with their books or images, made to the dishonour of any of the pope's holy saints. Anni regum Angli 5 The xxiii day of Ianuarye was a parliament holden at Westmynster upon prorogation, The year of the world 5512 The year of Christ and was continued and kept till the xu of april, wherein among other things it was enacted that priests children should be legitimate, and that no man should take any usury for lo●e or forbearing of money. The xiiii day of February was committed a shame full murder at Feversham in Kent. One Arden, a gentylmanne, was by the consent of his own wife murdered, wherefore she was brent at Canterbury, two hanged in chains at Feversham, and a woman brent: And in Smithfielde was hanged one Mos by and his sister. And the ruffian that was by the wife hired to do the deed, whose name was black William, fled into Sealande, and was taken at Flushing, and there burned on a scaffold besides the haven. The xvi day of the same month, Steven Gardener, bishop of Wynchester, was deprived of his bishopric, and so committed to the tower again, where he lay during the life of king Edward. Into whose place was by the kings authority translated, doctor Poynet, bishop of Rochester. The xxviii of this month died at Cambridge Martin Bucer, and was there honourably buried, and commended by the Epitaphs of many learned men, among whom were the two sons of Charles duke of Suffolk, whose mother being a great favourer of pure religion, showed great kindness and friendship to Bucer, both before and in his sickness. He died of the hickocks The xxv of May there was an earthquake in Sotherie, and in part of Middelsex. About the same time there was a dutcheman burned in Smithfielde for holding the opinion of the Arrians. At this season there fell among the english nation, a very dangerous sweat, both in the realm, and in strange countries, insomuch that many died in very short space. And much fruit of the repentance of former life appeared suddenly. For some abated their unreasonable rents, and many sought for the poor and needy in prisons, and else where, to relie●● them. But so soon as the sweat was ceased, they fell to their wont sins again, and as it seemed, repented them of their former repentance. In july the piece that was coigned for xii d. was by proclamation abated to ix d. & the piece of four d. to three d. And in August after from ix d. to vi d. and from three d. to two d. And the piece of two d. to a penny, and the penny to an halfpenny. In October, the duke of Somerset was again appreapprehended, and committed to the tower, and with him sir Michael Stanhop, sir Ralph Fane, sir Miles Partriche, and other. For than was john Earl of warwick, mde duke of Northumberlande, whose death he said, the duke of Somerset had conspired. The second day of November the old Queen of scots came to London, who was honourably re●●yued, and lodged in the bishops palace. Shortly after the Duke of Somerset was arraigned at Westminster, and by his peers acquit of Treason, but condemned of felony, and so committed to the tower again, where he remained till he was brought forth to his death. In this mean while, the young King was enticed to pass time in maskeing and mumming. And to that end there was picked out a sort of misrulers to devise strange spectacles in the court, in the time of Christmas to cause the young king to forget, yea rather to hate, his good uncle, who had purged the court of all such outrage, and enured the king unto the exercise of virtuous learning, and hearing of sermons. This was the high way, first to make an end of the kings uncle, and after of the king himself. The xiii day of Ianuarye, the sea broke in at Sandewitche, Anni regum Angli 6 The year of the world 5513 The year of Christ 1552 in so much that it did overflow all the marshes there about, and drowned much cattle, to the great loss both of the town and country. The xxiij of this month Edward duke of Somerset was beheaded at the tower hill in London, where at the time of his speaking to the people, there fell such a sudden fear among the people by reason of a rumour that ran abroad of the duke of Northumberlandes power of horsemen to be in a readiness about the City, and an horse man that came in hastily at the north side of the tower hill that they fell to shuffling and thrusting, as men that stood in danger of their lives. In so much that of all the great number of the guard and other, that stood there with weapons to see execution done, there was not one left in his order about the s●ffolde. In this stir many were trodden under foot, and many thrust into the tower ditch. At the last when the people perceived that there came no more horsemennes, they supposed that he that was comen, had brought a pardon for the Duke, and therefore they began to shout and cast up their caps. Which thing when the duke perceived, he beckoned with his cap in his hand for silence. And that obtained, he willed the people to quiet them selves, to obey the rulers, and to love their young king, and to pray to god for him, that he might long live and reign over them. As for himself, he looked for no pardon, other then at God's hand. And so he prepared himself to the axe, wherein he behaved himself so soberly and humbly, that none so hard hearted about him, that did not shed tears. The xxv day of February, there we●e hanged at the tower hill for the duke's matter, sir Ralph Fane, and sir miles partridge knights, and sir Thomas Arundel, and sir Myghell Stanhope beheaded. The summer following, the king went in progress into the west country, wherein his young affections were fed by them that were about him, not without great danger of his life, by outrageous riding in hawking and hunting. Towards winter he returned to London, & from thence he went to Greenwich, where was prepared matter of pastime, a fort counterfeited, riding at the tilt, and goodly pastimes at Christmas, till the king had gotten a cough that brought him to his end. The first day of March was holden a parliament at Westmynster, The year of the world 5514 The year of Christ 1553 Anni regum Angli 7 and continued there till the dissolution of the same, which was the last day of the same month. In this parliament it was among other things enacted, that no manner of man should sell or utter by retail to be drunken in his own house any kind of wine, upon pain of forfeiture of ten pound for every such offence. In this mean while there were three noble ships furnished for the great adventure of the unknown voyage into the east by the northseas. The great encourager of this voyage was Sebastian Gaboto, an englisheman, borne at Bristol, but a Genoese son. These ships did shortly after pass gallantly by Grenewiche in the kings presence, one of the mariners standing upon the main topmaste of one of them. At the same time there were other like ships set forth towards the south to seek adventures. All this mean while king Edward was sick, And his councillors linckinge themselves by marriages. And much talk there was that the king was poisoned, and some suffered imprisonment and punishments for so saying, and also for saying that he was dead. In fine, the tenth day of july, it was by proclamation declared in London, that he died the vi day of that month. And at the same time, there was a prayer setforth in print, under the testimony of sir Thomas Wroth, one of the privy chamber, and doctor Owen one of the kings physicians, with others: wherein the king a little before he departed, besought God to preserve this realm from popery. In the abovenamed proclamation which was set forth by the consent of the duke of Northhumberlande and all the learned counsel of this realm, very few excepted, among whom justice Hales of Kent was one, and of the Mayre and Aldermen and common counsel of the City of London, and most part of the Nobility, lady jane, daughter unto Henry Duke of Suffolk was proclaimed Queen, contrary to that order that was taken in parliament for the succession of the Crown in the later day of king Henry the eight, pretending the fear of that which followed in deed, that if Mary should reign, she would bring in foreign power and the bishop of Rome. But God, who will not have his truth maintained by putting heirs from their right: confounded their wisdom. And by that woman whom they would have shuldred from her right, he punished their unsatiable gathering of treasure under their good king. For he so turned the hearts of the people to her & against them, that the overcame them without bloodshed, not withstanding there was made great expedition against her both by sea and land. For when the counsel at London perceived that the common people would not stand with them, and that certain noble men began to go the other way: they turned their tale, & proclaimed the lady Mary, eldest daughter to king Henry, and appointed by parliament to succeed Edward, dying without issue. And so the Duke of Northhumberlande being by the whole counsel sent forth against her, was left alone at Cambridge with some of his sons, and a few other, among whom the Earl of Huntyngton was one, who was there arrested, and brought to the tower of London as traitors to the Crown. In this mean while, the lady jane and her husband Gylforde, son to the duke of Northhumberland, were made prisoners in the tower, where they had lain from the time of her proclamation. Queen Mary. THus did Mary the first begin her reign over this Realm, the twenty of july, in the year of our Lord .1553. being at Framyngham castle in Suffolk. The three of August she came to London, and entered the tower, where she found prisoners Thomas duke of Norfolk, Stephen Gardener bishop of Winchester, Cuthbert Tonstall bishop of Durham, and Edward Courtney. And all these she restored shortly after, to their former dignities, and some of them to greater, as Stephen Gardiner whom she made chancellor, and Courtney Earl of devonshire, notwithstanding they were before lawfully deprived. Shortly after, she restored Edmonde Boner of London, doctor day of Chichester, Heath of Worcester, and Troublefield of Excester, putting out Ridley, Scorye, Houper, and Coverdale. She put also out of Wynchester Poynet, out of York, the archbishop, out of bath, Barlowe, out of Lyncolne tailor, out of Harforde Harley, out of saint David's, Farrar, and from Cantorbury the arch●bysshop Cranmer. And besides these m●ny ●eanes, as May, dean of Paul's, Turner dean of Welles, Horn dean of Durham, H●ddon, dean of Exeter, with other many. And in a sum, all all married mi●●sters, that would not forsake 〈◊〉 ●●ues and do penance, receiving the pope's absolution, and promiss to become true papists. But such as refused not so to do, though they were removed from th●ir places to satisfy the holy father's law, yet in short 〈◊〉 after they were placed else where, in as much or more w●l●h than ever they were before. All this was not done in the time of her first being in the tower, but so shortly after as possibly it might be. Shortly after her coming to the tower the bishop of London being restored, appointed master Bowrne, a cannon of Paul's, to preach at the cross, who taking occasion of the gospel of the day to speak somewhat largely in justifying of Boner the bishop then present, who preached upon the same text in that place that day four years, and was upon the same most cruelly and unjustly (as he said) cast into the most vile dungeon of the Martials●e, and there kept during the time of king Edward: his words swooned so evil in the ears of the hearers, that they could not keep silence, but began to murmur and stir in such sort, that the More and Aldermen with other estates then present, feared much an uproar. And some said, that one hurled a dagger at the preacher, but that could not be proved. In fine the stur was such, that the preacher withdrew himself from the place. And master john Bradford ●at the request of the preachers brother and other, then being in the pulpit) stood forth and spoke so mildly Christianly and effectuously, that with few words he appeased all. And afterward he and john Rogers conducted the preacher betwixt them, from the pulpit to the grammar school dor● where they left him safe. But shortly after they were both rewarded with long imprisonment, and last of all with fire in Smithfielde. The next sunday following, the queens guard were at the cross with their weapons to guard the preacher. And when quiet men withdrew themselves from the sermon, order was taken by the mayre, that the ancients of all companies should be present, least the preacher should be discouraged by his small auditory. The xxii of August the duke of Northhumberlande, sir john Gates knight, and sir Thomas Palmer, were beheaded at the tower hill, where the said duke trusting to receive pardon (as some thought) or else given over to himself, as commonly such men be as walk without the fear of God, confessed that he had lived in error many years, and exhorted the people to embrace the popish religion, which he termed Catholic. But sir Thomas Palmer, who had led a life no less dissolute, protested that he died in the faith that he had learned in the gospel, and lamented that he had not lived more gospellyke. Here we see two in one condemnation, the one received, & the other refused, so far as man can se. About the fift day of September, Peter martyr came to London from Oxford, where for a time he had been commanded to keep his house, and found there the archbishop of Canturbury, who offered to defend the doctrine of the book of Common prayer, both by the scriptures and doctors, Anni regum Angli 8 by the help of Peter martyr and a few other. But whiles they were in hope to come to disputations, the archbishop and other were imprisoned, but Peter Martyr was suffered to return whence he came In this time doctor Marten of the new college in Oxford, was penning a book against the marriage of priests, which when it was finished by the help of Nicholas Udall: was so liked of the queen and the Lord chancellor, that doctor Marten had a commission to make free denizens of French and dutch men, which he executed in the springe following, and made his self a gentleman, and set forth his book in print. But shortly after he was by doctor ponet, answered at the full The last day of September the Queen passed through the City of London to Westminster with great pomp And among other strange sights there set forth, this was most to be had in memory. A man stood upon the back of the weathercock of Paul's steeple, without stay, having a streamer in his hand. On the morrow she was crowned at westminster, Stephen Gardiner being minister. The ten day of October, began a parliament, wherein were repealed all statutes m●de in the time of King Henry th'eight for praemunire and statutes made in king Edward the syxt time for administration of common prayer and the sacraments in the English tongue. And further thattainder of john Duke of Northumberlande was by this parliament confirmed. In this mean while many men were forward in the erecting of Altars and masses in Churches. And such as would stick to the laws made in King Edward's time till other should be established: were some of them marked and some presently apprehended, among whom Sir james Hales a knight of Kent, and justice of the common place was one. Who not withstanding he had ventured his life in queen Mary's cause, in that he would not subscribe to the disheriting of her by the kings will, yet for that he did at a quarter sessions give charge upon the statutes made in the time of Henry th'eight & Edward the vi. for supremacy & Religion, he was imprisoned in the Martialsy Counter & Flete, & so cruelly handled, & so put in fear by talk that the ward of the Flete used to have in his herring, of torments that were in preparing for heretics, that he sought to rid himself out of this life, by wounding himself with ● knife. And afterward was content to say as they willed him where upon he was discharged: But never quieted in conscience, till he had drowned himself in a river half a mile from his house in Kent. About the xviii of October, there was at Paul's church in London a disputation appointed by the queens commandment, about the presence of Christ in the sacrament of the altar, as they call it. This disputation continued vi days, wherein doctor Weston was chief on the pope's part, who behaved himself outrageously in tanting & checking. In conclusion, such as disputed on the contrary part were driven some to flee, some to deny, & some to die, though to the most men's judgements that heard the disputation they had the upper hand. About th'end of October, one Michael servetus, a spaniard, was put to death at Geneva for denying the eternal deity of Christ jesus. At this time died james Sturmius at Strawsborow, a man of excellent learning & virtue, of the age of lxiii years. In November the archbishop Cranmer (notwithstanding he had earnestly refused to subscribe to the kings will, in disheriting his sister Mary, alleging many and pithy reasons for her legitimation) was in the gild hall of London arraigned and attaint of high treason, with the lady jane, and three of the duke of Northhumberlands sons, which all returned to the tower again. In this mean while, Cardinal Poole being sent for by queen Mary, was by the Emperor requested to stay with him, to th'intent (as some think) that his presence in England should not be a let to the marriage which he intended between Philip his son and queen Mary. For the making whereof he sent a most ample embassage, with full power to make up the marriage betwixt them. Which took such success, that after they had commoned of the matter a few days, they knit up the knot. This was done about the beginning of january, and was very evil taken of the people, The year of the world 5515 The year of Christ 1554 Anni regum Angli 8 and of many of the nobility, which conspiring among themselves made a rebellion, whereof sir Thomas Wyatt knight was the chief and beginner. Who being in Kent, persuaded the people, that the queen and the counsel would by foreign marriages bring upon this realm most miserable servitude, and establish popish religion. About the xxv of january news came to London of this stir in Kent, and shortly after of the Duke of Suffolk, who was fled into Warwikeshire, and Lei●e●●ershyre, there to gather a power. The queen therefore ●aused themb●th with Carewes' of Devonshire, to be proclaimed traitoures. And sent into Kente against Wyatt, Thomas duke of Norfolk, who being forsaken of them that went with him, escaped to London again with great difficulty, as he thought, although no man followed him. After the duke of Suffolk was sent the Earl of Huntyngdon in post, who entering the city of Coventrie before the duke, disappointed him of his purpose. Wherefore the duke in great distress committed himself to the keeping of a servant of hi● own in a park●, who like a false traitor bewrayed him. And so he was brought up to the tower of London. In this mean while Peter Carewe hearing of that was done, fled into France, but the other were taken, and Wyatt came towards London in the beginning of February, from whence th'emperors ambassadors sped themselves away in haste all by water. The queen hearing of Wyat's coming came into the city to the Gild hall, where she made a vehement Oration against Wyatt, declaring that she neither had nor would consent to marry otherwise then should seem to the counsel to be for the wealth of the realm. Wherefore she desired them of the City to stick to her in the suppressing of rebell●use traitors and descending her royal estate. This done she appointed the Lord William Haward lieutenant of the City, and the Earl of Penbroke general of the field. And lest any should escape out of the city to Wyatt, she caused the drawbridge of London to be cut of, and let fall into the river Thames. In this mean while was Wyatt comen into Southwark, And after two days there spent in vain: he departed to wards Kyngston, where he passed the river by force, thinking to have comen to London in good time, but he was disappointed, partly by breaking the carriage of his ordinance and parcelye by weariness of the long and foul journey. So that at his coming to Charing cross he was passed all hope of prevailing. And yet suffered to go quietly thorough the streets to Ludgate, and returning thence was resisted at Temple bar, and there apprehended. On the next day proclamation was made, that no man should in pain of death, keep any of the faction of Wyatt in hi● house, but forthwith bring them out, notwithstanding that general pardon was by the harald declared at the apprehension of Wyatt the day before, which was Ashewensedaye. Then were their gallows and gibbetes erected in all parts of the City and suburbs of London to the number of twenty or thereabout, and many captains & soldiers of Wyat's fac●ion hanged thereon. Which gallows stood styl● in their places in the streets till the beginnings of june following when preparation began to be m●●e for receiving of Philip prince of Spain. The xii day of February was beheaded the lady jane, and her husband Gilforde Dudley, two innocentes in comparison of them that sat in judgement upon them. For they did but ignorantly accept that which the other had wittingly devised to take from others to give to them. The xxi of that month was Henry duke of Suffolk beheaded at the tower hill, being condemned but four days before. After this were condemned for this conspiracy many gentlemen and yeomen, whereof some were executed at London, and some in the country, and in fine the queen pardoned four hundredth of the common people. The xu day of March was committed to the tour, Courtney the Earl of Devonshire, and the xviii of the same, the lady Elizabeth sister to the queen, both upon suspicion of wyatts conspiracy. Shortly after was apprehended in North-wales the lord Thomas gray, brother to the duke, & sir james croft, which lord Thomas was after executed. Immediately there was a parliament summoned to be holden at Oxford, where was made great preparation to the great hindrance of many of the inhabitants. For it was afterward appointed to be at Westmynster, and was there holden the second of April, wherein the queen requested ii things, her marriage, & restoring of the pope the one she obtained upon certain conditions, the other would not be granted as than. In this mean while, not only the strangers that were in king Edward's time, received into the realm for religion, among whom one john a Lasco uncle to the king of Poland was one: but many englishmen also fled, some to Friesland, some to Cleveland, some to high Germany, where they ●ound great favour, but especially at Frankfort upon Mea●e. And some went to Geneva, where they found great favour also. About the same time there were hanged at Chard in Somersetshire iii young men for breaking and burning of church ornaments. The ten day of April, archbishop Cranmer, Bishop Rydley, and Hugh Latimer went out of the tower towards Oxford, where they had disputations with the divines of both universities, and because they would not recant they were reserved in prison, till they might be condemned by the pope's authority, not withstanding that they answered most substantially and truly. At this time was sir Thomas Wyatt beheaded at the tower hill, and afterward quartered, and his quarters set up in sundry places, and his head upon the gallows at hay hill over the three that were there hanged in chains. And shortly after it was stolen away thence. Before he came forth to his death, he did plainly declare that the lady Elizabeth and Courtney were nothing guilty of his faction, Notwithstanding that could not set the lady Elizabeth at liberty. During this time many mad parts were played about the city of London, but chiefly these: A cat dressed like a priest at mass with the cake over her head between her hands, was hanged upon the gallows at the cross in Cheap. And a ma●tie dog, shaven in the crown, with a tippet about his neck was found in the queens closet, and a letter was fastened to his tippet wherein were these words: I am a poor priest that come to sue for a benefice. About this time Cardinal Pole went from the Emperor to the French king to entreat a peace, but in vain. The xviii. of May was hanged, drawn & quartered at tiburn, William Thomas for conspiring the queens d●th. The twenty of july Philip prince of Spain, son to Charles .v. Emperor, arrived at Southampton, and was there honourably received, & came the fourth day after to winchester where the queen had long looked for him, where matrimony was between them honourably solemnized, & the kingdom of Naples for the marriage sake, to him by his father granted. Which things done, they road royally to London, whither they came and were sumptuously received the xviii. day of August. About the end of October th'emperor sent messengers to the king his son, to give him possession of the dukedom of milan. The xii day of November there was holden at westminster a parliament, to which Cardinal Pole was brought out of Brabant, being accompanied with the English ambassadors sent for the same purpose among whom the Lord Paget was one. He came to London the xxiii. of November. And the first day after, he came into the parliament house, being restored to his old estate, f●om which king Henry had cast him down, and in the presence of th● king and queen, he did after he had declared the cause of his legacy, exhort them all that there represented the hole body of the 〈◊〉 to return to the communion of the church, and ●o restore to the most holy father his due authority. signifying unto them that his holiness was in purpose to show great clemency and gentleness unto them. And further he exhorted them to give thanks to god that had given them such a king and queen. And last of all, he did them to understand, that he took it for a great benefit at their hands that they had restored him to his former estate, and therefore he accounted himself the more bound a great deal, to restore them to the heavenly court, which thing he most desired of all things. And when he had thus spoken, he went out of the parliament house. Then stood up the lord chancellor bishop of Winchester, and repeated the cardinals oration, with many words of exhortation to concord and unity, affirming, that we ought to give most hearty thanks to god, that of his unmeasurable mercy had stirred us up a prophet of our own nation, which giveth himself wholly to do us good. The day following, when the parliament had granted the cardinals request, they devised a form of supplication to the king and queen, wherein they might most humbly beseech them to be means to the Cardinal for them. The effect whereof was this. That they did earnestly repent them of their schism, in refusing to obey the apostolic sea of Rome, and in consenting to laws made against the same: promising that thence forth they would be at their commandment to do what soever they should be able to do● in that parliament, for the abolishing of all such laws and statutes. The next day, so soon as the king, the queen, & Pool● were again present, the Chancellor stood up and declared what the parliament had decreed concerning the pope's legates request▪ And then he delivered to the king and Queen, the supplication of the parliament sealed, humbly beseeching them to receive it: which when they had received and opened it, they delivered it to the chancellor again to be red, which he did, and asked of the w●ole house whether they consented to it or no. And when they had answered, yea: then the king & queen rose up▪ and delivered it to the Cardinal, who wh●n he had redd● it, delivered the bull of his legacy to them, which was forthwith red, that all men might understand, that the pope had given him power to absolve them. afterward, he declared, how acceptable in the sight of god, the repentance of a sinner is, and how greatly the angels rejoice over one sinner that repenteth. And in conclusion he gave thanks to God, that had given them a mind so desirous of emendement. when this was done, he arose, and so did the king and queen also, and then fell the king and queen down on their knees. Than did the Cardinal lift up his fingers, and bless them, desiring god to look mercifully upon the people, and to forgive the offence, and so he absolved the whole multitude. And after this, they went to the chapel, where thanks were given to god with piping and singing after the manner. Such as knew Pole before, and had had acquaintance with him, marveled much at these doings. For they looked for far other things at his hand. Now was the king, the queen, and all the commons at a good point, and in case meet to proceed to the advamcing of antichrist, and treading Christ under foot in his members, as they did, in that they renewed three statutes for the punishment of Christ's people ●whome they call heretics) and in repealing statutes made against the apostolic sea of Rome, as they term it. And some men thought, that Philip should have had the c●oun at that parliament, but it came not so to pass. In this mean while, many were kept in prison, that had been apprehended some for preaching after queen Mary was proclaimed, a●d some had actions of debt 〈…〉 their charge, th●t they might ●e had in hold under colour of law, till the law was established, that might make an end of them, if they would not submit themselves to the church of Rome. Soon after the beginning of january, the parliament was dissolved: And immediately after, there were five men of god, and singularly learned in the scriptures, brought forth of the prison about London, where they had been holden, as is said before. And because they would not submit theimselues to the pope's authority, they were all condemned of heresy. Their names were john Hopper bishop of Worcester and Gloucester, john Bradforde, Laurence Saunders, Roulande tailor doctor of the law, john Rogers reader of divinity at Paul's. And shortly after was condemned Robert Farrer bishop of saint David's in Wales. All this while doctor Martin was in great authority with the bishop of Winchester, so that liberty and bands were in his hands, and well was he that could obtain his favour. But now it was ne●d●full to have men more bloody, for need mad● Martin myl●. There were therefore appointed in commission for the examination of heretics, sir Roger Cholmel●y knight, master William Roper, and Doctor S●ory. An●●o bring them in were appointed Bea●d●, john 〈◊〉, and Robert Caley, two tailors and a printer. And besides t●ese, there were in every parys●e certain sworn to m●rke and present all such as showed not themselves popish. About this time it was determined, that ambassadors should go to Rome, to render thanks to the holy father, for the great clemency that he had used towards this realm, making faithful promise of obedience from thenseforthe for ever. These ambassadors took their journey the lent following, one of them was Thirleby bishop of Ely, and the other the lord Montacute. In February the fourth day was bourned in Smithfielde, john Rogers above named. The eight day of th● 〈…〉 parson of Al● halowe● in 〈…〉 at Coventrie. The ix day, the above n●●ed gouland Tailor was burned at ●adley in Suffol●e, where he 〈…〉. The xxij of the same was burned 〈◊〉 gloucester the above named john Hopper bishop there. john Bradforde was a man of such integrity of life that the cruel papists could not for shame put him to death as yet, but reserved him in prison, trusting that time would wear out the memory of his godly life, but he so behaved himself in prison, that the fame of his virtue grew, even to the hour of his death. In this mean while, the Emperor Charles laboured by his brother Ferdinandus king of Boheme, to bring the Germans to a general council▪ first at Ulmes, and after at August, to which the Cardinal Moronus should have comen, to try whither he could have done as much in Germany as Pole had done in England. For the good success that Pole had in England encouraged the Pope so, that he thought god was with him, and that his church could by no means be convinced of error. The .v. of March, Thomas Tomkyn a weaver, who dwelled in Shorditche without bishops gate at London, was burned in Smithfielde. This man had been l●nge reserved in prison, and had been often before the bishop of London, who on a time caused his hand to be holden whiles he bourned it with a candle, to prove how he could away with burning. The twenty of the same month was burned at Burndewodde, one William Hunter, an apprentice. The xxv of the same month, was burned at Hornedon on the hill, Thomas Higby gentleman and bierebruer. And at Rayley was bourned Thomas Causon gentleman the same day. The .27. was burned at Braintry willian Pygat Wever The xxviij day was bourned at Malden, Stephen knight boucher, At Danbury, William Digell. At Colchester john Laurence preacher. At Cardiff, Raulyn white. The second of april, john Aucocke died in prison, in Newgate at London. The xxiiii of the same month, willyam Flower, other wise called Branch, was burned at Westminster. And first his hand was stricken of at the stake, because he had on Caster day before wounded a priest in saint Margaret's church, in time of the ministration of their housel, as they call it. The same day was bourned at Westchester George March preacher. In this mean while, many learned and worshipful, and some noble personages, besides honest commoners a great numbered, conveyed themselves beyond the seas some under licence, and some secretly, amongst whom the duchess of Suffolk wife to Charles duke of Suffolk, was one, with her husband Barthew, sir Frances Knolles, and divers other, choosing rather to adventure affliction in a strange country, than to submit themselves to the romish superstitious orders, and to commit that gross idolatry, that the papists maintain. About this time, great preparation was made for the queens chyldbedde, midwifes, rockers, and other sorts of women in great numbered taken into the queens lodging at Hampton Court and not suffered to come home to their husbands. Besides that, great preparation of all thing pertaining to nursery, ●or it was plainly affirmed out of the mouths of the queen's 〈◊〉, that she was great with a man child, and some said with two. But in conclusion there was ●orne neither man-child nor woman, that could be knowe●. Although the priests in every church through the ●ealm●▪ 〈◊〉 diligently and earnestly moved the people from time to time after they were about the beginnyng● of November, by testimony of the counsel certified that she was conceived, to pray that she might bring forth a prince, that should by just title reign over the greatest part of the christian world. The last day of april, in the morning ●efore the gat●s of London were opened, there came a merry f●low to the gate at the bridge foot, affirming that he mus●e ride in post through the City, for the Queen was that morning delivered of a prince. This shift he used to get the gate opened. But this word flew so fast thorough London, and was so pleasant in the ●ares of priests and parish clerks, that before vii of the clock, all the bells in the City were walking, and shortly after Te deum, solemnly song, and processions set forth with Salue festa dies, With the best Crosses and Copes, and besides this bonefyres and banquets appointed against after none, And many threatening words spoken against them that were not forward in this over speedy rejoicing. At this time the Earl of Arundel being president of the Counsel, lay● at his house without Temple bar, And hearing the great noise of bells, he asked the cause thereof, And when they that were about him had told him the news: he gave no such credit to it but that he would send to the Mayre of London to know the truth. And when he could learn there none other truth then that which the priests and clerks had confirmed with their singing and rynginge, he sent immediately to the court, and not content to tarry the return of the messenger, he road after in post himself, and so learned that the Queen, and such as were about her, had heard nothing of those joyful news. But these news stayed not there, for they ran in post not only into all parts of England▪ but 〈◊〉 all countries of Europe also, and some were puniss●ed, in s●me parts of England, for saying it was a lie. But after it was manifestly known to be a lie, the people were very desirous to so what s●ulde be borne to the stay of the succession of the crown, for the w●ole number of midwives' and rockers were retained still at the court. But at the last all were sen●e away, and neither prince nor princess borne. The xxxi of May were bourned in Smithfielde john Cardmaker, otherwise called Taile● preacher and chanceler of the church of wells, and john warren upholster of London. The fourth of june was hanged at Charing cross, for ●●bbyng a S●anyarde, william Toly pulter of London, Who at the t●me of his death desired the people to say Amen to his prayer, which was thus. From the tyranny of the bishop of Rome and all his detestable enormities: good lord deliver us. For this cause he was after his death suffered to hang still on the gallows, till he stank, and the● being buried under the gallows, he was by the bishop of London's officer summoned to appear ●n the consistory at Paul's. And for lack of appearance he was condemned of heresy, and adjudged to be burned. And afterward taken up and burned in the same place. The x. of the same month was burned at Chemsford Thomas Wat's linen draper. The xi. day was burned at Cock hall Thomas hawks gentleman, whose examinations are written. And john Simson weaver at Rotchford, john Erdley housbandeman at Rayley. Nycholas chamberlain at Colchester. The xii. of the same was burned at Maningtre Thomas Osmunde, and at Harwyche, Wil●iam Butler. In this mean was the lady Elizabethe (sister to the Queen carried prisoner from the tour of london to Wodstocke beside Oxford, whither the Lord Willihams of Tame did courteously conduct her. But courrishelye did her keeper Bennyngfielde behave himself towards her both before and after. In this moveth of june, the lord Chancellor of England the Earl of Arundel, and the Lord Paget, went over the sea to Calais with commission to treat of a peace to be concluded between the French King and the Emperor, who had often communication with the French kings commissioners near unto Mark, the cardinal Pool being president there. But they returned without concluding any peace. The first of july was burned in Smith●ielde john Bradforde preacher, Who (as it is before declared) was condemned with the first, but reserved in prison till now, where he wrote diverse worekes which were shortly after put in print, with him was burned john Leese an apprentice of London. The .2. of this month william Ming minister died in Maydeston prison. The twelve day were burned at Canterbury john Bland Preacher, john Franckes vicar of Rownedon, Nycolas Sheterden, Humphrey Myddleton. john Wade at Dartford. Derike Harman berebruer at jews john Launder batchelar, at Stevening, Thomas Emerson bachelor at Chichester, and richard Hooke there also. The xxx day at Rochester Nicholas hall: at Tunbridge joane poley. About this time, the Lord Courtney and the lady Elizabeth were delivered of bands, but the lady Elizabeth was appointed her place & enforced to have mass in her house. But Courtney was by the Cardinal's procurement sent into Italy shortly after, where he died as some think of poison. The last day of this month, Robert Far●er before named, bishop of saint David's, was burned at Carmarden. The second day of August William Ayleward died in prison at Reading, where he was holden for that he would not consent to the pope's Antichristian laws. And at Saint edmund's ●ur●e was burned that day james Abies. At Uxbridge, john Denby gentleman. And at Stratforde the bow was bourned the widow of john Wa●ren upholster of London, who was before burned with Ca●maker, in Smithfielde. The xi day, there was a terrible fight in the narrow seas between the dutch and French men: xi. ships brent and sunk: six great ships on the one part, and v. hulks on the other. The xxiii. day were burned at Canterbury, William Coker gentleman, Richard Collier Henrye Laurence, William Hopper, William Sterie, And Richard Wryght. The xxiiii day was burned at Taunton Roger Corier. The xxvi. were burned at Saint Alban's George Tankerfielde Coke, and William Bau●forde. The xxix day was burned at Uxbridge Partrike paPatingham fell-monger, who, as it was reported, renounced the Arians opinion before he died. The thirty. day were burned, at Stanes Robert Smith pa●nter, who in the time of his imprisonment, wrote divers things in Metre, which were after put in print. At Stortford Stephan Horwode Alebruer. And at Ware Thomas Fusse jerkenmaker. The xxxi. day were b●rned, john Neweman yeoman at Safron walden. William Hales, at Barnet. Robert Samuel, at Ipswiche. This summer there were buried at London in Morefielde● under an elmetree growing in the corner of the field next the town ditch: a painter that died in Lothbury, and a poor old woman that died in S. Myldredes parish, because they refused to be houseled after the pope's order in their sickness. A little before this, there was much muttering that the queen was dead, because she had so long retained midwives' and rockers, and upon a sudden sent them away. wherefore being at westminster, and determined to go to Grenewiche by water: she was by ●he counsel at the request and suit of the mayre of London, persuaded to pass thorough the city to put all out of doubt. And so she did, the morrow after bartholomew day. In the beginning of September king Philip passed the seas to Caleys, and so went to Brussels in Brabant, to th'emperor his father. The second day of September, was bourned at walsyngham, william Aleyn. The third day of the same, were bourned Thomas Cobbe at Thetford, and Thomas Coe at ●exforde. The vi. day were bourned at Canterbury George Bradbridge, james Tuttey, George Catner, Roberte Streter, and Antony Burwarde. The x. day john Life died at Newgate in London. The xiii. da●e were burned at Lytchefielde Thomas hayward and Thomas Gorwaye. About this time, one Tingle died in Newgate at London and certain other in the Lowlers' tower, As richard Smith, George King and William Andrew's Whereof some were at the commissioners command ement laid out upon the donghilles without Moregate, but Tobias scholars buried them in the night. The nineteen. day, at Coventrie were burned Robert Glover gentleman, And Corneli●s Bunge. The iiij. of October were burned at Elye, William Walley Wever, and Robert Pygat painter. The xvi. day were burned at Oxford, Nicholas Ridley Bishop of London, and Hugh Latimer sometime bishop of Worcester. The xxi. of October was holden a parliament at westminster, and continued to the dissolution thereof, which was the ninth of December. In this parliament were given from the kings of England, the first fruits and tenths, which in the time of king Henry the eight were given, and by parliament annexed to the crown of England. The last of this month were burned at Canterbury john web gentleman, George Roper, and Gregory Painter. About the tenth day of November died Stephano Gardiner bishop of winchester and Lord Chancellor of England, chief traveller in the bringing in of the pope and foreign power into this Realm. The seven. day of December james Gore died in Colchester prison. The xiv. day wyllyam wiseman died in Lowlers' tower, and was ca●te into the fields unburied. The xviii. day, john Philpot archdeacon of wynchester, was bourned in Smithfielde. He was one of the chief that disputed in the co●u●tation house against the Papists, and put the same disputation in writing. He wrote also his own examinations, and gathered many authorities against the abuse of the lords supper, and the usurped power of the bishop of Rome. He wrote also an Inu●●tyue against Arrians and anabaptists. Anni regum Angli 4 The xxvii. of Ianuarye were burned in Smithfielde, The year of Christ 1556 Thomas Whitwel minister, The year of the world 5517 Bertelet Gre●● gentleman of the temple in in London, Thomas Brown, john Tutson, john Went, Agnes Foster, jone L●shford●. The xxxi of the same month were burned at Canterbury, john Lowmas, Anne Albright, jone Sole, jone painter, and Agnes Snode. The xix of Februarye were bourned at Ipswitche two women. The ten day of March, there appeared a notable blazing s●arre in the Southeast. The xxj of March, Thomas Cranmer archbishop of Canterbury, was burned at Oxford. He wrote divers worthy books, both in the time of king Edwar● and in the time of his imprisonment. The xxiiii of the same month were burned at Salisbury, three men, one named Spiser, one Maudrell, and an other Lioverley. About this time Cardinal Poole was made archbishop of Canterbury. The second day of Aprille, john Hulliarde minister, was bourned at Cambridge. And Hartpole, and Beeches widow at Rochester. The ten of the same month were bourned in Smithfielde, William Times, and Robert Drakes ministers. George Ambrose, john carvel, Thomas Spurge, and richard Spurge. The xviii day of the same month were brent at Colchester, Christopher Lyster minister, john Mace, Richard nicol, john Spenser, john Hamond, Simon Gyen. The .v. of may were burned at Gloucester, one Thomes, a blind boy, and one other named Croker. The xiii day of this month Margaret Elyot, a maiden, being condemned to be burned, died in Newgate at London, and was buried in the fields. The xu day were burned at Stratford the bow, john Aprice, a clotheworker and blind, and Heugh Leveroke a lame man. The xvi. day were burned in Smithfielde, Katarin● Hut-widow, joan Horn Maiden, And Elizabeth Thakn●ll maiden. The xxi day were bourned at Bekelles in Suffolk two men, and a woman. The xxxi. day william fleche died in the King's bench, and was buried in the backside. About this time sir john Cheke school master to king Edward, and sir Peter Carewe were traitorously taken in Flaunders, and from thence shipped and brought to the tower of London, and there kept till they submitted themselves to the Pope, and then set at liberty. But sir john Cheke lived not long after. The vi day of june were burned at jews in Sussex, Thomas Harlande Milwright, john Oswarde carpenter, Thomas Read and Thomas Auington. And the twenty day were burned there Thomas Hood minister and Thomas Milles. The xxiii day William Adhirall died in the kings bench, and the xxv day john Clement wheelewright, died there also, and were both buried in the backside. The xxvi day of this month, there was bourned at Leycester, a merchants servant. The xxvii day of the same month, there were burned at Stratforde the bow in one fire xiii persons, whose names were Henry Adlyngton, Kafe jaxson, William Holywell, Thomas Bowyer, Laurence Parmene, Lion Acoex, Henry Wye, john Dorefall, john Rothe, Edmund Hurste, George Searles, Elizabeth Pepper, and Agnes George. The same day Thomas Paret died in the kings bench, and two. days after, Marten Hunt, and were both buried in the backside. The thirty. day there were iii burned at s. edmund's bury. The first of july john Careless weaver died in the kings bench, & was buried in the backside. The xvi. day of the same month were burned at Newberry john Gwine shoemaker, Askin, & julius palmer. The xviii. day were burned at Grinsted, Thomas dungate, john Forman, and mother Tree. Whiles the fire was thus raging among the poor christians: there were certain as busy about a conspiracy, whose purpose was to have rob the Queen of her treasure in the Escheker, and thereby to have been able to wage battle against her, which purpose as it was fond, so fond it was uttered by one of th●ir own conspiracy. And carten of th●m were apprehended, and executed: As Udall▪ Frogmorton▪ Peecham, Staunton and other. And divers other fled the Realm for the same. The first of August there was burned at Exeter an old woman. The xxiiii of S●ptember were burned at Mayefielde, john Hart, Thomas Rau●s●all, Nicholas holden, and two other▪ A●d the morrow after was bourned at Bristol a young man a glover. About this time there was burned one john Hor●e at Newen●, and a woman at wotton under edge in Gloucester shire. And at Canterbury in the Castle, john Clerk, Dunstan Chetterden, Archer, Pot●ins wy●e, and Willi●m Fo●ter, died of famine. In Oc●ober one was burned at North●mpton, and it●. died in Canterbury castle, and were buried in the fields. The year of the world 5518 The year of Christ 1557 The xx●i. day of january were burned a● Cante● b●in one tire, vi. persons. Anni regum Angli 5 The xxv. of the same month were burned at Asheforde two, and at Wye other two. The xxvii. of February, there came to London an Ambassador sent from the king of 〈…〉, where one of the three ships that ventured towards the cast, by the north seas, fortuned to arrive. About this time, D. Scot bishop of Chester, D. Watson, bishop of Lyncolne, and D. Christoferson bishop of Chichester came to Cambridge, and there caused the dead carcases of Martin Bucer and Paulus Fagiu●, of whom is mention before, to be solemnly summoned to appear before them & answer to such heresies as should be laid to their charge. And so sat in judgement upon them, and condemned them both to be burned. Wherefore they were taken up out of their graves, and solemnly burned on the market ●il. And certain of the university that in their life time were very friendly and familiar with them, began now to defame them as heretics, among whom doctor Perne was one. And near about this time, Peter Martyr's wife should have be so served at Oxford, but because none was able to say that ever he herd he● spea●▪ any word of heresy) for she was a stranger borne, and never spoke english nor Latin) she could not be condemned. But because she was wife to such a man, she was vehemently suspected, and therefore removed out of papistical hallowed ground. And as some say, buried in a dungehille. In this february, the Lord Sturton (who had been bolstered in mischief so long as his godfather Stephen Gardiner lived) was arraigned at West minster, for the murder o● two gentlemen. And in March following he was brought ●o Salisbury, and there hanged the sixth day of that month. The same March, the xxii. day king Philip being returned from Flanders came to london & passed through to west minster with great solemnity accompanied with the Queen and nobles of the Realm. The xii. of Aprille, were burned in Smithfielde john Loathes ●ye, Henry Ramsey, William Stur●le, And one Stanleys' wife. The xx. of May, Thomas Fowle, who had ventured his life in preaching and ministering to the afflicted christians in London, during the former years o● trouble, being visited with sickness, died, to the great discomfort of the afflicted flock. The xxix. of the same month were burned in. S. George's fi●lde, Stephen gratwicke and william Morant. This month of may, Henry Stafford came out of France, and took Scarborow castle by force, and kept it two days, and was then taken with his complices, and brought to London, where they suffered on the tower h●l. About this time king Philip passed the seas again into Flanders, and there made great preparation against the French men. For Thempe●our his father had surrendered to him, all his ●nheritaunces in the low countries, about which the wars betwixt him and the French men were begun and continued. In the beginning of june following, the queen caused open wars to be proclaimed between England & France, and forthwith sent over an army to aid king Phylip. Whereof the Earl of Penbroke was general. The vi day of this month were burned at Maydston john Bradbridge, one Appleby a weaver, and his wife, one Aleyn and his wife, one Mannynges wife, and one Elizabeth, a blind woman, at Bristol. The xix day were burned at Canterbury, john Fiscocke, Nicholas white, Nicholas Perdue, B●rbara Final widow, Bradbridges widow, one Alice Benden, and one Wylsons' wife. The xxii day were burned at jews, Richard Woodman, George Stephen weaver, Margery Mory●, james her son▪ Dionyse Burgise, William May●erde, Alexander Hosemer, his servant, Tomazin at Wood, his maiden, one Ashedownes wife, and one Groves wife. The xxviii▪ day one Ambrose died in Maydston prison The xii day of july were burned at Norwitche, Simon Mulner yeoman, and a woman. The second of August in the forenoon were bourned at Colchester mistress Smyth, otherwise called Syluers●de, one Uynes wife, and Elizabeth Fore, with iii other. And in the after no●ne four other. And the same day George Angels was hanged, drawn, and quartered at Chemseforde, because in his prayers for the queen he besought God to turn her heart. The .v. day were burned at Colchester one Thrustans wife, and an other Bowmers' wife. About this time the Earl of Penbroke with his company met with king Philip at ● town in France called saint Quintayns, which he besieged. And during the ●iege there were taken the ten day of August, many of the chiefest captains that the French king had. And the xxviii day of the same month the town was taken by force. The twenty day of the same month were burned at Rochester, one Robert Friar, an aged man, and one other man, and two women. All this time, doctor Weston (of whom mention is made before) was pricked with provender, and neyed so fast after every man's wife, that at the last the very bolsters of bawdry were enforced to call him to Coram, and to deprive him of all his spiritual promotions, whereof the jeannie of Wyndsore was one. But he (trusting that the holy father would not see such cruelty showed upon him alon● for that that is so common in his coledge of Cardinals, appealed to the court of Rome. Howbeit he could not so escape. For as he was conveyghing himself away, he was taken at graves Inn, and thence brought to the tower of London, where he continued till the Queen Maries death, and shortly after was delivered being sore sick, and died the next day after. Some said that if he had lived any while, he would have uttered much of the papists purpose, as touching the burning of the bones of the famous kings, Henry and Edward his son, and other things which he was privy to. The x. of September was burned at Lytchfield joice jews. The xvii day of the same month were burned at Iselyngton, Ralph Alorton, james Ausco, and Margery his wife, And Richard Roth. The xiii of N●uember were burned in Smithfielde, john Holidaye Carpenter, and one sparrow, and one richard Gibson. The xxii. of December were burned in Smithfielde, john rough, preacher of the congregation of Christ, which in those daingerouse days had kept themselves in secret. This man succeeded Thomas Fowl in that ministration. He was a scotte borne. And was betrayed by a false brother, one Sergeant, an hosyer. With him suffered one Margaret James. This mean while the French king made great preparation for wars, intending that which he brought to pass. For notwithstanding that his purpose was perceived by the deputies of calais and Guisnes, yet such security was in the english potentate's, that n●thyng was provided for resistance. So that his power coming to calais, wan in order, first Newnambridge, then R●seb●nke, and then calais, and last of all Guisnes. This was done in the beginning of january. And all this chanced in less than than twenty days. In these holds were taken prisoners the lord Wentforde, deputy of calais, and the lord gray of Wylton, and the Captains of the Castle, and other pieces. And sir Antony Ager was slain. The merchants of the staple and all the people were spoiled and sent away in great in misery. Immediately after the winning of these holds, there came such tempests both by sea and land, that the most part of the steeples in Sealand, were blown down. And much harm done in other parties also. In February was bourned at Huntyngton one named Lawton. The xxvii of March was bourned in Smythfielde Cuthbert Simson, The year of the world 5519 The year of Christ 1558 Anni regum Angli 6 one of the first deacons of the congregation that had lived in secret, in London. This man was of worthy integrity of life. He was betrayed with john Rough. He suffered much in the tower and other prisons, because he being deacon could have uttered many good men, whose blood the Papists thirsted for, but he would utter none. With him were bourned one john Demenes, and an other called Hugh Fox. This March, the Princis electors, and other princes of Germany, came together to Frankforde upon Mesne, where (having a surrender of the Imperial crown made by Charles the fift, who had th●n determined to end his life in an house of religion in spain, they proceeded to an election of a new Emperor, and in short time chose Ferdinandus, brother to Charles, king of Boheme. This Ferdin●ndus though he were a Papist by profession: yet because some of the Pryncis electors would not be present at Mass, he was content to be crowned at after noon without any Mass. This spring was great preparation made both by the French King, and by King philip also. But the French king made such speed, that he invaded Flaunders, and spoiled and brent Dunkirk before king Philip could come to res cue. But before that the frenchmen returned again out of Flaunders, they were met with by the flemings and the queen of England's ships, upon the sands between Dunkirk and Grou●lyn, and of th●m slain a great numbered. Then did both these mighty princes bend them selves wi●h all their power to invade each other, and spent all that summer in camp in their own persons with two mighty armies But after there had been in October much talking of peace that should have been concluded, they did in November break up their camp●s, without either peace concluded, or field fought, or any notable act done. The xu of april one john Maynerde died in Newgate, and was buried in the field. The xxvi of april were bourned at canterbury two women. The xxvi of May were ●ourned at Colchester, john Haryson, Agnes George, and one name● day. In june were burned at ●orwi●he three persons. And the sam● month one Thomas Tyl●r, and one matthew Witlers died in Newgate, and were burned in the fields. The xxvij of june were burned in Smithfield, Henry bond a sadler, john Slade, and other, to the number of vii at one fire. The first of july was bourned at wynchester one B●aynbricke, a gentleman. The xiii of july were burned at Braynforde at one fire vi persons. Shortly after this, queen Mary fell daungerousely sick, and to show her some sign of his purpose, God took from h●r two of her chief physicians, but all would not help. Her bishops and she burned even to the last breath. For even in November (the last month of her life) were burned at Ipswiche two, at Bery two. And at Canturbery, certain persons. God therefore to give his soldiers a breathing time, took this rod of his from them the xvii day of November, and set up in her place, the second daughter of the noble king Henry, who by right title succeeded Edward and Mary, dying without issue. ¶ Queen Elizabeth. THis most noble princess began her reign over this Realm, the xvii day of November, in the year of our Lord .1558. And was then at Hatfielde in Hartfordshire, from whence her grace came shortly after to the City of London, where she was so joyfully received of the people, that wise men might well perceive what hope the people had conceived to receive at her hands the thing that her sister had taken from them. On the contrary part, her behaviour towards the people was such, that if the people had not delighted in her before, yet must they now have showed themselves, either thankful to God for so good a change, or else altogether unworthy so gentile, so loving, and so comfortable a princess. But in her passing through the Cite to the tower, and from thence to Westmynster, and at her Coronation there, which was the xu day of january following: the people showed themselves so joyful, and she herself so thankful, that it evidently appeared, that the Princess and people ●●ryued, who should deserve more at others hand▪ While these things were in doing, God wrought yet more for his church, For the next day after the queen Maries death, the Cardinal Poole died also. And within iii days after, the bishop of Rochester, and shortly after, the bishop of Chichester. And generally, so many priests died in the realm in the time of queen Mary's sickness, and about the time of her death, that doctor Scotte bishop of Chester, preaching at Paul's cross, the xxvii of November, affirmed that there was not for every four churches in England, one priest. But bishop Boner of London bestirred him, and made new priests as he had been mad. What he mente thereby, lett● wise men conjecture. The twenty of january began a parliament, wherein among other things, the supremacy of the bishop of Rome was long debated, and every man suffered to say what he could and would in the defence of it: but at the last During the time of this parliament all preaching ceased through the Realm saving before the Queen in lent, where preached D. Cocks, D. San●s, D. Parker, master Whithead, master grindal, D. Bill, master Pedder, master Scorie, master Lever, master Horn, master Samson, And master Wintry. These all bent themselves to the uttermost of their knowledge, to beat down Antichrist and his power, and did therein so much that none that had not his her● altogether hardened, would once open his mouth against that they taught. Thus did the Lord of his mercy take from his people his sharp rod, wherewith he had during the days of Queen Mary chastised them, as it may well appear by the number of them that suffered in the time of her reign, which were many more in number then are in this brief chronicle remembered. But god hath their name in his book, and their tears in his bottle, and when the number shallbe fulfilled, he will be revenged upon th● murderers. The Lord grant us grace so to walk● in his fear, that our virtuous Queen may● continue with us, and set forth God's truth, so his glory and our salvation. Amen. Imprinted at London by William Seres at the West end of Paul's towards Ludgate at the sign of the Hedgehog and are there to be sold. 1559. The .v. day of Apryll.