AN easy, certain, and perfect method, to cure and prevent the Spanish sickness. Whereby the learned and skilful Chirurgeon may heal a great many other diseases. Compiled by Peter Lowe, Arellian: Doctor in 〈…〉 of Chirurgy in Paris; & Chirurgeon ordinary to Henry 〈…〉 the most Christian King of France and Navarre.  
AT LONDON, ❧ Printed by james Roberts. Anno Dom. 1596.   

TO THE RIGHT Honourable Robert Devorax, Earl of Essex, Viscount Herefford, Knight of the most noble order of the Garter. etc. Peter Lowe wisheth good success in all his worthy enterprises, and high attempts.  
ALthough (right honourable) this Treatise be far dissonant from your studies, yet I have emboldened myself to let it pass, under your honourable patronage, for by God's assistance, I intent hereafter to publish divers other Books of Chirurgie, all which shall be shrouded under your honourable shield, and protection, in regard of your manifold courtesies, and liberality to all Strangers bountifully extended, whereof you cease not every day to give experiment, but especially in respect of your honours valiant prowess, and rare Martial exploits in aiding my dread Sovereign, & Master, the most victorious King of France, so that in honouring him, I must love you, and for your heroical virtues, admire your wisdom, and courage, in prosecuting all venturous, and hard attempts: as lately hath been experimented to the terror of the Enemy, peaceable welfare of this Realm, and immortal fame unto you, & your posterity for ever. Then forasmuch as the dedication hereof, cannot bring, any addition of credit unto you, but rather, be the more acceptable, under the title of your honourable patronage, most humbly with myself, I present the same unto your honours good liking, as one, that daily intermitteth not, to wish the advancement of your honourable estate.  
Your Honours in all duty most affectionate▪ Peter Low.   

TO THE courteous Reader.  
GEntle Reader, I have taken some pains in making this book, to do the sick pleasure, and the whole profit, that thereby the diseased may recover their health, and sound men may preserve themselves from this malady. And albeit that divers heretofore of sundry Nations, have published Treatises of this subject, whereby at this present many copies are extant, so it may seem superfluous to reiterate the 〈◊〉 Yet seeing I by mine own diligent practice, and conference with learned men in this 〈◊〉, have found out, divers ways to cure this disease, more easy, certain, and speed●●hen hath been put in ure by any of this age, and that learned Artists, and skilful Practitioners in all ages, have written their several judgements, almost upon every particulet subject, I thought it pertinent and necessary for the advancement of knowledge, and case of many afflicted with this malady, to impart my skill herein, for the better instruction of the Commonwealth. For as this disease is dispersed throughout all Nations, Provinces, Cities, towns, and private houses, yea, & so many kinds thereof daily increased and multiplied, whereby men that know the nature of the malady, complexion of the Patient, age, season, climate, and other circumstances in the like case considered, are of necessity many times urged to vary from the common cure, and for the better extirpation of new sorts hereof, to devise, use and apply, new remedies: so it is needful, for the behoof of the weal public, enlargement of knowledge, and acquittal of every man's particular duty, whereby he is bound so much as in him lieth, to advance and further the Commonwealth, to publish his experience, in, and touching the premises. The foresaid reasons moving me thereunto, I have set forth to the view and reading of all men, such knowledge herein, as by long study and experience I have gotten: to the intent that a further learning might be added to the Artists skill, and such as have no learning at all, may be instructed, without any other teaching. As in this subject I have manifested my cunning for your benefit, so I purpose hereafter, (if GOD prolong my days with happy success,) to make you partakers of my labour in the whole course of chirurgery, and my Book De partu mulierum: by whose help, I doubt not, but many women shall ease, & shorten their course in travail. And thus (gentle Reader) I wish your furtherance of knowledge, both in this, and all other needful Arts.  
P. L.   

THE PROEM.  
IT is a point known of all the Philosophers, and confirmed by their common consent, that the use and practise of every Art, is better and of more excellency, than the simple speculation and contemplation of the same; as that for the which all rules & precepts of Sciences are ordained, and to the which they are referred, as to the chief end: the which may more amply appear by Aristotle, Primo Ethicorum; et pri. Topicorum, & divers other Philosophers, throughout their whole works: For amongst all human Arts, the practice of Girurgerie is the most excellent and profitable, for ●o much as it preserveth man in health and good constitution of body, in preventing sicknesses to come, by meet & fit medicines; and being sick, doth restore him again to the form estate, which (if it were not seen unto by the skilful and expert Chirurgeon) would tend to the dissolution & destruction of nature. The natural inclination and disposition of man, by the gift of other human Sciences, is only bettered and made more prompt. As for example, Logic furnisheth nature, & teacheth to reason well: Rhetoric to speak eloquently; the Law shewoth the way to maintain possessions purchased, and to recover that whereof men are defrauded. These gifts are in great estimation amongst men: but in respect and comparison of life itself, which by the learned Chirurgeon is maintained and prolonged, diseases, and maladies cured, they are of little account or value. For what availeth it unto a man to be a cunning Astrologian, a learned Lawyer, rich and mighty, yea, a Monarch of the whole world, and in the mean time have no joy, nor pleasure thereof, by reason that he is daily vexed with cruel pain, and deadly torments of maladies, ready every hour to give up the ghost? Is not man then greatly beholding unto Physic and chirurgery? The 〈◊〉 whereof, causeth him to enjoy and gather the profit of all other worldly Sciences.  
Hereof it proceedeth, that Aesculapius, Apollo, and other inventors of our Art, have ever (for the excellency of that Science) been deified and esteemed for Gods, meaning thereby, that like as divine Authors do far exceed worldly inventors, so this Art found out by the Gods, is worthy to be preferred by man, to all other worldly Sciences. For this cause the Greek Poet Homer, doth prefer the professors of this Art, to all other professors, how excellent soever they be. Hear upon, I being moved by the former reasons, & love that I bear to the Commonwealth, I intent to entreat of a disease, whose cure pertaineth to the Art of chirurgery, commonly called the disease of Spain or Naples. The more general the disease is, and incident to all Nations, the greater ought the careful diligence of the expert Chirurgeon be, to prevent and cure that malady, Nature, by reason of appetite and inclination to carnal copulation, doth argue (the more is the pity) the universal reign and common infection, of this contagious disease, throughout all Nations, Cities, and Towns. Therefore, he that would prescribe an easy, perfect, and true way to out this disease, should greatly benefit the Public weal, in preserving the life of an infinite number of people, who undeservedly, by infection from others, are grievously oppressed, with this detestable malady. Now, by daily and long practise, & conference with men of learning in this matter, I have found out divers remedies and medicines, never set forth by any before this time. Nevertheless, to make my work more perfect, I will first entreat of the ordinary cures practised by others, which divers men, have written in divers manners, to the great hurt of the Patient, and discredit of the Chirurgeon, not knowing, the true cure, which is the cause that many make a miserable end of their life, which shall appear to the diligent Reader in this my Treatise following.   


The first Chapter of the definition of the Spanish sickness.  
THIS Spanish sickness, is one indisposition against nature, bred chiefly by carnal copulation, & contagion joined with venenosity, as saith joh. Suessanus. Or it may be defined, to be an evil intemperature, hot and dry in the liver & veins, as saith Francantianus, yet more dry than hot, and therefore of more difficile curation: but because that evil temprature may be without matter, and is process of time with matter and solution of continuity, the which penetrateth and corrodeth the secret parts of men and women, with certain pustulls in the head and forehead, with other external parts of the body, which in time cause griefs in the night, hardness on the bones, (we call them Tophes or Nodosities) with corruption both of the bones, and other spermatic parts: yet this chanceth oftenest in the secret parts of men, because they be lax and soft, and therefore easy to receive infection: as also, because it doth enter into the capacity of the Matrix, whereof for the most part, proceedeth the original of this disease. This part being infected with that venom, it entereth into the little veins, and afterward into the great, and lastly into the liver, where it changeth the natural temperature, and so infecteth all the members, corrupting the natural humours in the liver, which should pass for the nourishment of the whole body which if they be very vehement, & biting, they engender abundance of external ulcers and pustls, falling of hair, both of head, brows, and beard: grief in the joints, head, legs, and arms, with divers evil accidents, according to the variety of the humour: yet chiefly in the night, and at such times as the humour is accustomed to make his paroxysms and motions, which is most commonly betwixt 3. of the clock in the afternoon, and 9 at night, as ye shall hear at length in our Chirurgie in the Chapter of humours.   

The second Chapter of the original and names of the Spanish sickness.  
THere are divers learned men of divers opinions, and for the most part, doubtful, of the original of this disease. Amongst whom the Theologians be of opinion, & hold it for a Maxim, that for error cometh punition, and for sin, death: and so they think, that GOD doth send it, for a scourge to the people for whoredom. There are also many famous Authors, that have written of divers strange sicknesses, which divers times have happened in Italy, France, and other Countries, like as we see sometimes in our own Country: the original whereof are unknown unto us. But generally according to their opinion, we may (no doubt) attribute the original of all diseases unto the indignation of God, as the first cause, who recompenseth every man according to his works. For to refrain the filthy lusts of men and women, God hath permitted this sickness to reign among them, as a punishment for sin: like as we see in the 6. of Exodus, that he commanded Moses to cast powder in the air, in the presence of Pharaoh, to the effect, the beasts and people of Egypt, should be punished and afflicted with Apostums and Ulcers, for their sins and disobedience. But because I will not intermeddle holy things with profane, I will not insist further in this matter. The Astrologians are of opinion, that it cometh and hath the original from t●● influence of the stars, and eclipses of the Sun: as chanced at that time, in the isle of Calecute, when and where it began. There are others that think it to be engendered of a Fornicator and a Lepre, in the West Indies, Anno Dom. 1490. The most probable of all, is the opinion of the Spanish Historiographers, and also divers other learned men that have written of the same: who do report, that it was brought among the Christians, after the nativity of our Lord, 1492. by a Spaniard called Christophorus Columbus, with many other Spaniards, accompanied with some women, who came from the new found Isles occidentalls. For this sickness is as common, or rather rifer amongst them, than any other disease with us, and doth infect, as contagious sicknesses do among us. So divers Soldiers were infected, who after their return, not only infected their own Country, but also divers others. Anno 1493. in the month of December, (as Nicholaus Leonitius reporteth, writing of this disease) when K. Charles the viii. of France besieged Naples with a puissant Army, where he remained certain Months, some of the Spaniards came to him, of the which Christophorus Columbus was chief, and spread this pernicious seed, and termed it the Indian sickness, which, hath had his course since, not only amongst the Spaniards, who call it the Italian sickness, but also among the Italians, who call it the malady of Naples, not without cause: for it began first to flourish in Naples. Amongst the Frenchmen it is called the Spanish sickness, in Enland the great pocks, in Scotland the Spanish Fleas, and that for two causes, the one, because it began first amongst the Spaniards: the other, because when the infection spreadeth first forth in the body, it is like unto red spots, called flea-bite. Some call it the under foot, because that infection often cometh by treading with the bare foot upon the spittle of the diseased with this contagion. There are some ignorant malicious people, who call it the French sickness, without any cause or reason. The most part call it the Venerean sickness, because most commonly, it proceedeth of the act of Venus. Some call it Pudendagra, because in many people it breedeth first in those parts in both sexes. Now it may be called general sickness, because it is generally spread throughout all the world: but for that these things, concerning the original and names, are not greatly material, I will pass them over, and only show those things that are most necessary for the true curing of this sickness; declaring first the cause. For not knowing the cause, it is impossible to find out proper remedies for the cure, seeing in all diseases, the cause must first be taken away, or else the true cure cannot ensue.   

The third Chapter, of the causes of the Spanish sickness.  
Having entreated of the definition and original of this malady, now it followeth to show the causes of the same, which are either external or internal. The external consist not only in things manifest, but also in occult and hidden things, which lie as you have heard in the former Chapter. Hear we will content us to say only, that this malady proceedeth chiefly from the act of Venus, when men have to do with women polluted with that infection, though sometimes it be but small. For by reason that the composition of the secret parts of both sex, are composed of rare flesh, and spongeous, it happeneth by the frication they are easily heated and rarefied, and so the sooner infected. And for this cause, those that do the act soon, are not so easily infected, as those who are long in doing, by reason that the long heat doth extenuate those parts. Likewise they which have the skin fleane of their secret parts, take not so easily the malady as others, because being always uncovered, it is not so tender and delicate, and therefore not so apt to receive infection. It proceeds also by lying in unclean linen, by wearing the garments of them which are infected, and by lying with such as have any spices of it. So that we see many by that means infected, without any company of women. Moreover, it proceeds also by sucking the Nurse any way diseased with this sickness, by drinking after them which have Ulcers in their throat, by kissing or receiving the breath of such as are infected, and by sitting on the privy after them, & sometimes by treading barefooted on the spittle of those which have been long corrupted. Whereupon I will set down mine own experience, as followeth. I saw, Anno 1589. in monsieur Coiutret his house, Principal of the faculty of Chirurgery in Paris, the number of 26. men, women, and children, infected, which were sent unto him by the justice, to discover from whence came the original of it, because it was thought, that one infant did infect all the rest: Whose Parents and Nurse being both clean, made the cause more difficult to be found out. Yet by diligent inquiry, the infection was found to have his beginning from the Midwife, who of a long time had been infected with that disease, and by receiving the child, infected it, by first breathing upon the same, as being tender & delicate, so the more easy to receive such infection. Thereafter sucking the Nurse, did infect her, and sundry other Nurses, one after another, who by giving suck to other children, did infect them, and finally, the children did infect their Parents. So it was proved, that by that child, there were infected to the number of threescore, less and more: which persons I saw, & cured the most part of them myself. I have known divers to have been infected only by kissing, of which number I have healed one in Paris, who was infected by kissing a young Gentleman a suitor of hers, who had Ulcers in his throat, proceeding from the same disease, in such sort, that shortly after all her hair did fall, with external pain of the joints, whom I healed, with the help of God and my confection. The said Gentlewoman afore her coming to me, did infect sundry children, by lying, kissing, and drinking with them. Some infected only by drinking with those that were infected afore, as you have heard: so that it behoves us to refrain familiar frequentation with such people. I cured also a Gentlewoman in Paris, of a great Family, a virgin (as I found by my visitation) which was infected with this disease: the cause whereof I found to have come by sitting on a Privy after an infected person. Likewise I healed a boy in Paris of the age of 15. years, who was infected by going barefoot upon his Master's spittle.  
Galen saith, Lib. de Febribus, cap. tertio, that it is dangerous to accompany those that be in a consumption and stinking breathed, and those that be infected with the Plague, Leprosy, and such other sickness which come by contagion, as this doth. Many others I have seen, which for briefness I will omit. Now let us come to the internal cause of this malady, which is corrupted meats, that do engender a putrid phlegmatic nurature, or a burnt melancholy; as divers sorts of herbs, roots, fishes, fruits, with such like rotten food, wherewith the French Army was nourished at Naples, where this malady began first to be known among Christians. Yet will I not affirm, that the phlegmatic or melancholic humour is the only cause of this disease, but also other humours: yet the nearer that men's complexions approach to the phlegmatic, the apt they are to receive this infection; which ought to be observed. For we see fewer Choleric or Sanguins infected with this disease than the Melancholic or Phlegmatic: likewise more difficult to be cured, as we find ordinarily by our experience. Wherein we must note, that after the Phlegmatic complexion, followeth the Melancholic, next the Sanguine, last of all the Choleric, the which in deed is least altered, because among all the humours, it simbolizeth least with the said Pituitous humour, The humour so altered and corrupted, doth actually let the action, either animal, vital, or natural: or two of them together, or all them three, as well generally throughout all the body, as particularly in one member, as ordinarily happeneth in such diseases. Some are of opinion, that it cometh of the imbecility of the vital spirits, and natural, like as sometime we see by experience. I knew, (when I was Chirurgeon ordinary to the French and Spanish Regiment in Paris,) that 35. soldiers had carnally to do with a woman infected, yet of the said 35. only seven were infected with the foresaid woman; which seven were cold and weak men of complexion, and long in performing that act: the rest were hot and robust, soon dispatching the act, having the faculty strong to withstand the venom; and for this reason they were not infected therewith. divers such accidents have I known. Fallopius is of the opinion, that the cause of this infection, cometh often of the passion of the mind: for when a woman loveth not that man she hath to do with, she heateth not herself, but lieth quietly, and so thrusteth not forth the venom, as some whores do. In this I think it a manifest occasion, that some bunglers and old men, are not so commonly infected, as some young men, albeit they have all to do with one woman: because also old men are dry, having the skin hard, the Gland therefore not so easy to receive venom, as ye have heard. In lyk manner women very common, give not so easily this evil, as other women, who are less infected, and not so common. The cause is, that common women take not so great pleasure, because they being accustomed night and day to exercise venery, do not excitat the humour so much as the other, who take greater pleasure therein, by reason that they use not the act so often. I have often known men infected therewith, who have been extremely well loved of the woman, by reason she took pleasure with him, and so the virtue expultrixe was the stronger to put forth that which was venomous, to the great hurt of the man. All these occasions do infect many, which infection, if it remain any space in the body, showeth certain signs, as ye shall hear in the Chapter of signs.   

The fourth Chapter of the differences of the Spanish sickness.  
THE original, and cause of this disease being known, it followeth to entreat of the differences of the same: touching the which we must understand, that it is sometime gentle, and molesteth nothing, other while by little infection it doth suddenly augment, and come to the state of the malady: sometime they pass many months and years, before it be known, either to the infected or to the Chirurgeon, sometime it occupieth only the liver, and consequently the veins, sometime it is spread over all the body, so that the heart and brains are sometime vexed with great accidents, according to the variety of the venom, and of the body wherein it happeneth, sometime with great simptoms, sometime small. That, which occupieth the hair of the head, beard, & brows, without any feeling and hurting of the body, is the most simple sort. The second kind is worse, which occupieth the skin with little spots, which wax greater, sometime red, sometime yellow, which cannot be well extinguished, except that the root of the sickness be taken away. The third kind is greater, the which not only maketh little spots, but also Pustulles, and Tubercules, first, in the temples, forehead, and head, thereafter through the whole body, these are round and dry without matter Purulent, yet in time, if they be neglected, they increase, and become ulcers Virulens, and sordides chiefly about the throat, nose, and fundament, because these places are more tender, and therefore so much the more easy to be ulcered. The fourth kind is that which is infixed in the joints and natural parts, which makes great dolour, sometime spasm and contraction of one member, or of divers members together. The fifth kind is that which makes such relaxation, that paralize follows in one member, or generally taketh away the motion of the whole body. The sixth kind, is when it is inveterated, so that it possesseth and corrupteth the solid and firm parts, as bones, sinews, membrans, and tendons. The seventh kind is that which causeth dislocation of one, or divers articles. The eight kind is that which maketh such corruption & fracture in the midst of the bones, sometime accompanied with Herpes, and Darters furfurous, of the which some appear in the soles of the feet, some in the head, some in the hands, and some through all the body. The ninth kind is that which occupieth divers parts of this head with extreme pain, but chiefly in the night, sometime with alteration of the skull. The tenth kind is that which causeth deafness with difficulty of smelling, and also ablation of the five senses naturals. The eleventh causeth leprosy, which is incurable. The twelfth kind is, when the sick becometh Ethick, & dies in a consumption. There are a number of others differences of this disease: Antonius Musa saith, that there are two hundredth thirty and four kinds, but these which I have set down, are the most common, under the which all the rest are comprehended. Furthermore, we must understand, that when this disease doth degenerate into leprosy, it happeneth in those, who often times have been undiscreetly handled by ignorant persons, and when the body is ill prepared, either by intemperancy of lice or otherwise. When it doth degenerate into a consuming Fever and doth become Ethick, which the Latins call Tabid, and that it is near the noble parts, it happeneth in those that have been often handled only by Sudorfficks, and dry nurture, as many ignorant persons do, thinking to dry up the evil humours that way, and so dry up the humour radical, which of necessity causeth the patiented to become Ethick.   

The fifth Chapter of the signs of the Spanish sickness.  
THE signs of this disease do commonly follow the temperature of the body diseased. As if a person of the Sanguine temperature be infected, such a one shall have ordinarily pain and heaviness in the head, but chiefly in the forehead, and roots of the eyes, in the neck, and shoulders, in the arm, and often times in all the articles, great pulsation in the temples, appetite to vomit, with dullness of the five natural senses, lassitude of all the body, chiefly, when the party sleepeth, and after sleep the mouth clammy, the veins of the eyes red, ulcers sordids both in the secrets and other parts of the body, with inflammation and redness divers pustulles in the head, face, and neck, and sometimes through all the body, (which for the most part are red, and inflamed) great abundance, of sweat, very ill savours, the urine very red and thick, great pain at such time, as the humour Sanguine reigneth, which is from three in the morning, till nine, as ye may see in our Chirurgie in the Chapter of humours. If he, who is infected with this sickness, be of the humour bilious or Choleric, he shall have great drought with want of appetite, punctions through all his body like points of needles, pain in the right side of the head, the body becometh lean, the face and eyes evil coloured, the mouth evil tasted, falling of hair through all the body, with abundance of dry pustulles, which are more plentiful in these two humours, than in the other two, by reason, that these humours be more liquid, and so pass more easily from the centre to the circumference of the body. He hath ulcers virulent in divers parts of the body, chiefly in the yard, cods, and roof of the mouth and throat, great pain at such time as the humour choleric reigneth, which is from nine in the morning, till three in the afternoon. If the patiented be of temperature pituitous, or phlegmatic, he shall have pain with heaviness of the hinder part of the head, neck, arms, and legs, in all the articles, and joints, dimness of sight, little appetite, little drought, great coldness in the head and stomach, debility of the parts nervous, trembling palsy, with attraction of some parts of the body, the mouth homide and clammy, the face and extremities swelled, great abundance of white pustuls without itch, so that the phlegm be not salt. If the phlegm be salt, there happen Serpins' and impetigines, which we call commonly Dortors furfurons, or crustous chiefly in the hands, and soles of the feet, and in the head, and sometimes in all the parts of the body: also great ulcers evil coloured, large, and hard round about, oftentimes Tophes and Nodosities on the bones, great pain at such time, as the humour reigneth, which is from three in the afternoon until nine. If the patiented be of the humour melancholic, either by nature, or accident, he shall have pain in the left side of the head, also in his shoulders heaviness in all the body, debility of the stomach. The body becometh lean, or at the least some part of it, all the body is evil coloured, but chiefly those parts which are most infected with it, unsavoury taste in the mouth, falling of hair, the pustls be hard and deep but few in numher, many ulcers, and Canchors in divers parts, swelling of the bones in the head, but especially in the forehead, hemerands, deficultie of urine, with astrection of the belly, the sleep is intercepted with great dolour, at such time as the humour governs, which is from nine at night, until three at morning. These be the signs simple, and particularly for the knowledge of this sickness according to every humour: to the end that every one may have better & more easy knowledge of this disease, I will set down certain general signs, by the which ye may know the person to be infected, oft what complexion so ever he be. The first, and most common is hard ulcers in the secret parts of both sex, swellings in the flank called usually Bubons or Apostumes virulens, running of the rains, voiding an infected humour, which proceeds from the kernels, called by the Latins Prostata and Parastata, dolours of the head, legs, arms, and shoulders, chiesely in the joints, accompanied with swelling and hardness, running along the muscles, Nerves, Tendons, Perioste, and other parts Neruonse, in such sort that the sick is out of patience, so that he can neither rest, walk, sleep, nor lift his arm to his head. And this happeneth sometime in one part, sometime in divers, also ulcers in the mouth and throat, with difficulty of swelling, pustules about the forehead, which we call commonly the golden crown, likewise in the roots of the hair, and all over the head. Moreover, in the Emunstoires of the noble parts, as also other parts glandulous, and humids, and sometime over the whole body, falling of the hair of the head, beard, brows, and eyelids, defluxion on the eyes, corruption of the teeth, and the pallet of the mouth. Sometime the whole unula is consumed, so that the diseased speak always in the nose, and and sometime there is distension of the Periost, which is the membrane that covers the bones universally. Furthermore, sometime the patiented is drowsy, yet cannot sleep, chiefly at such time of the night when the humour is in motion, the which happeneth rather at that time then at any other, for two causes, the first, because the humour is most commonly cold as the night is, the second because the pores are closed in the night, so that the evil humour doth not void, which by the opening of the pores in the day do purge. Yet all these signs do not happen to every diseased person, nor yet in this order as you have heard, for some appear in one part, some in others, and in divers persons sooner than in others, which falleth out according to the temperature of the diseased. Often times there is but a few of these tokens found together, and therefore it behoveth to have good judgement. As for example, if there be ulcers in the yard, being hard at the root, and not diminishing by any application of particular remedies, the malady is to be suspected. Likewise the running of the rains, and heat of urine, accompanied with divers accidents, as particular convulsion, chiefly in the night, where there is erection of the yard. Moreover, ulcers in the neck of the bladder, in all the which if ordinary remedies do not extinguish the venom, they are to be suspected, as also tumours in the flank, called Bubones which if they stick inward without breaking forth, they are evil. And in all these things I find no sure remedy, but from the particular cure, to the general. Yet sometime men may have this disease not having any of these tokens above mentioned, saving only little ulcers of a small breadth, sometimes on the thighs, or on the cods, likewise women in the paps, and children in the fundament. Therefore in all these things there is required a good judgement, to consider the qualities and nature of such ulcers, and to dress them after the mnaner, which ye shall understand hereafter.   

The sixth Chapter of the prognostic of the Spanish sickness.  
Having spoken of the tokens present and past of this disease, we must likewise speak of the Future, to the effect that we may judge of the cure, in what time it may be helped, or whether it be incurable. First then, we must consider that either the sickness is recent, or inveterate: if it be recent with few simptomes external, as Pustulles, falling of the hair, some ulcers in the secret parts, accompanied with great pain on the shoulders and articles. In this case, if the person be young, of good constitution, and the time convenient, like as in spring-time, or Summer, than thou mayst prognostic that the true cure may easily follow, by using of such familiar and easy remedies, as ye shall hear in the cure. But if of long time, for great dolour, the members be retired, except that great remedies be used with great discretion, they remain so. If it be old, inveterate with many simtomes, like as great dolours of all sorts, as in the head, shoulders, and articles, Tophes and Nodosities, with corruption of the bones, and ulcers malign in divers parts, the body extenuate and imbecile, and of evil temperature, full of evil humours, and scabs of divers sorts, like unto leprosy, and hath been often cured, which happeneth through the ignorance of them, who take upon them to cure the same, using only one remedy, which is rubbing with quick silver, for all the kinds of this disease, thou shalt prognostic that the curation will be hard and long. This sometime happeneth also by learned Chirurgeons, who have done their endeavour, yet the infection being so great, and occupying the veins which be near the liver, and the liver itself, and other noble parts, the joints and other parts spermatic, that hardly it will obey any remedy, and in this point thou shalt also prognostic, that the curation will be hard and long. Those that eat and drink much, living without diet and observation of the unnatural things, albeit they be young, and of good temperature, yet they are as hardly cured as those that are weak, dry, and consumed with other sicknesses, and are healed with great difficulty, or else not at all. If the places and vessels near the heart be occupied, as I have noted in sundry patients, and after that remedies be used, the sick become Ethick, and in a consumption, than thou shalt judge it to be incurable, and in that case thou shalt use no remedies, but Palliative, as in the Elephanticks, leprosies, and divers other such like diseases. Nevertheless, be discreet in giving thy judgement, for I have cured Spaniards and French, both men and women, of divers temperatures, who had often been treated both in Spain, Low Countries, and France, accompanied with many grievous Simptomes, Nodosities in divers parts of the body, ulcers in the mouth, and throat, so that the roof of the mouth was falling, as also the pipe which we call Plectrum Vocis, the nose, accompanied with divers sicknesses on the eyes, grievous torments, and all kind of dolours, which may be reckoned to be most intolerable, the articles all swelled, chiefly the knees, great pain in the extremities with universal extenuation, so that the parties become altogether Ethick. Although these have been seemed incurable, yet by using certain medicines, but chiefly my confection, I have healed them, contrary to many men's expectation. Truly the cure is difficile, Quoniam est eronica et cum malignitate coniuncta, but those, who mend, become fat, albeit they were lean before, because the blood is more purified, by the medicaments and evacuations, as saith Nicholaus Massa. Now it resteth to speak of the curation, seeing we have sufficiently shown the causes, signs, differences, and prognostics. But first I think it expedient to set down the nature of some medicines, most commonly used, for the extirpation of this malady.   

The seventh Chapter of the nature of medicines most commonly used for the Spanish sickness, and first of Gaiac.  
THere are divers remedies, which have been used by our Ancients, and approved very good, which we use at this present for the curation of this disease, always diversifying them, according to the temperature, the time and variety of the Symptoms; which albeit they be divers, yet here we will only speak of those which are most common, and necessary for the curation hereof, beginning at the Gaiac tree, which we call Lignum sanctum. Consolanus a Spanish Historiographer saith, that in the occidental Indies, in an isle called S. Dominick, this tree groweth to a great height, most like the Walnut tree: the leaf thick and broad, bearing a fruit round and hard, & of a reasonable greatness, which is eaten of children, and thought to be very wholesome for those that are of a weak complexion. johannis Leonis Africanus, saith, that it beareth a certain flower and seed, but because we see none of it in this Country, and it is not profitable for our purpose, we will speak no more at this present of that matter, but will entreat only of the tree itself. It is to be known, that of this tree there are three kinds, as saith joh. Monardus, in his 17. book Epist. 3. The first is that which hath the fruit very great, and black within, interlaced with little veins, of the which there is great abundance in the isle of S. john. The second kind is not so great, neither hath it the heart so black, yet it hath like rays as the other. Consolanus saith, that this hath great virtue in divers other sicknesses, as Gouts, Sciaticks, pains of joints, Catarrhs, epileptics, Pulmonicks, Hydropicks, and divers diseases of the kidneys and bladder, and generally for all cold diseases. The third kind is smaller than either of the precedents, and is all white both within & without: the veins in it are smaller than in the others, as saith Suessanus Neapolitanus. That which is of the best sort is of a mean greatness, recent, dry, & uncorrupted; which being put in the fire, the substance doth appear gummy, the colour yellow, with a mean paleness within, the bark cleaving hard to the tree. In the choice of the tree you must observe these properties. In like manner there are three substances to be observed in the tree, the first is the skin or bark, which drieth much, the second is the rind, and is white in colour, & not so drying, being more gummy: the third is the black within, called the heart, and hath more gummy humidity, and less drying; and that we use in delicate bodies and of rare texture, where there is no need of much drying. The second we use in them that are weak, and the third, which is the bark, in strong persons, as the most drying. The greatest is meetest for our use, which groweth in an isle of Hispaniola nova, called Insula beata, or Divi johannis, as saith Gartius Abortus, and hath great virtue for many diseases. It dissolveth & maketh thin, it mundifieth, it provoketh sweat, it stayeth urine, it drieth and corroborateth the ventricle, and all the rest of the entrails, it consumeth the stink of the mouth, it is good for the evil temprature of the liver, and cold, that cometh either of cold drink or meat; it is good for obstructions and Hydropsies. It dispatcheth the superfluous & cold humours of the body: it is good for Catarrhs of the head, all kinds of Gout, all diseases of the Nerves, all Ulcers, and most excellent for many kinds of the Spanish sickness by reason of the secret virtue which is in it.   

The eight Chapter, of Salsperill.  
This which we call Salsperill is a plant that hath many roots, and beareth neither flower nor fruit, & is brought from the Indies, of the which there are two sorts, the one hath the bark thick & fat, the other thin and dry, which are both good, being dry, recent, & not putrefied. It hath great virtue for ulcers that remain, after the cure, for Fissures about the fundament, Tophes on the head, legs, and arms. It is thought by some to have more virtue than the Gai●●, it offendeth not the stomach, it procureth sometime looseness: it groweth for the most part in the Country of Peru; it is hot in the second degree. There is no pain so vohement, which the dedoction here of, (being taken in time) doth not mitigate; which decoction is good also in divers other diseases, as Catarrhs, distilling from the head, in hidden causes of Tumours, which are hard to cure, and scrofulus, and from a cold stomach it breaketh wind. It is best using of it in the Spring, or Autumn.   

The ninth Chapter. Of Chine.  
CHine is a certain root, which cometh out of the East Indies, or region of China, for the which cause it is called Chine. It is 3. hand-bredth high, all knotry, and brown of colour, white without, & red within, of a mean weight if it be good, it hath few leaves, it groweth near the Sea, or grounds that are miry, some in woods, the root is knotty, of a hand-bredth high, fat, well tasted. It is in great estimation among the Indians, thought to cure great difficult sicknesses, but chiefly the Venerean. Also for old Ulcers and wounds, Tumours, Chirrus, pains of the articles, head, and stomach, defluxion, and Catarrhs: old diseases of the Nerves, and parts Nervous, also all cold and melancholic sicknesses, and is more dry than Gaiac. It consumeth all kinds of excrements, cleanseth the entrails, and healeth the obstructions; it is excellent for dislocations that happen of internal causes, it both drieth and comforteth.  
We read that Charles the fift Emperor, being grieved with the Gout, was cured by the decoction hereof. It is reported by men of credit, that in Countries where it groweth, it healeth the Spanish sickness, and all the symtoms that follow thereof, without using any other remedy. We see by experience that it far passeth Gaiac. It hath virtue to make fat, those that are lean, as commonly they are who have been tormented with this sickness. These virtues and sundry other are set down by Garcius Abortus, Mediciner to the Viceroy of the Indies. It may be given to all ages and temperatures, also in Fevers, which may not be done with Gaiac. There is another kind of it brought out of Florida, which is not altogether of such virtue as this.   

The 10. Chapter. Of the nature of Quicksilver, and the true preparation thereof.  
IFinde great diversity of opinions amongst the Ancients, touching Quicksilver, for the most part esteem it to be cold and humid. Avicen in his second canon, noteth it to be cold and moist in the second degree. Gulielmus Placentinus, Arnaldus de villa novae, and Placarius, thinks it to be cold in the fourth degree, which may easily be perceived, for it is troth that it repelleth the humour from the circumference to the centre, & causeth by the great coldness hereof, Palsy and trembling, and the members to be inflexible, as saith Pliny, Dioscorides, and Palmarius. Avicen saith, that it causeth a stinking breath, with dimness of the sight, falling of the teeth, which we see to be true in such as have this sickness, and have often been rubbed therewith. Some esteem it to be hot and dry, but few approved Authors are of that opinion. There are two kinds of it, natural and artificial, the natural is found in the veins and dens of the earth, as saith Pliny and Dioscovides, and is called by them, Hydargirus. It is found also amongst Metals, as reporteth Dioscarides in his first book. The artificial is made of Minium, and scrape of Marble, as writeth Vitruvius in his seventh book of his Architecture. Some of it is found & drawn out of Lead, and is easily known from the other, being of colour brown, and black, and of substance thick, leaving some rest behind, like the excrements of Lead, which is not meet forthies purpose. That which is clean white and subtle is good. Nevertheless, having chosen the most proper for our use, it must be yet prepared and purified after this sort following. First you shall take so much of it as you will use, and boil it 6. or 7. hours in water, putting in such things with it as have the virtue to coroborate & comfort the parts netuouse, as also to purify it, like as Sage, Rosemary, Camomile, Melilot, Time, with other nerval herbs. That being done, strain it through a cloth, then after extinguish it, according to the manner which you shall hear hereafter; and incorporate it with a little Swine's grease. Being well compounded, you must melt it on the fire, then taking it of, you shall perceive the Quicksilver separated from the grease: the excrement and leaden substance shall remain in the same grease: Having so done, you shall strain it through a piece of Leather, to the end that it may be very pure, then after, extinguish it again, to the effect that you may the better incorporate it with other Swine's grease, or with such medicaments as you shall hear. If you will have your ointment white, and neither black nor grey, you must make it after this order ensuing. Take your Quicksilver and beat it in a mortar with Vinegar and salt, then pour out that Vinegar and salt, and put in new, and so beat it with 3. or 4. sundry shiftings, and so your ointment shall be white. But to extinguish the same, you must put into the mortar with it a little syrup of Roses, or oil of Petroly, or juice of Lemons, or fasting spittle, or a little ointment wherein Quicksilver hath been put, for that is the best, and will soon extinguish it. Then beat them together, till such time as there be not any appearance of the Quicksilver, lest that being not well extinguished, it should return to the old form. So being well quenched, as is requisite, you shall make your ointment (having likewise prepared the Swine's grease) in this manner. Melt it on the fire, and boil it with the herbs before mentioned, or with others of like virtue, being all chopped small: then all being boiled together, you shall strain it through a cloth, and mingle with it a little Iris of Florence, which will take away the savour of the grease, than after, compose the ointment thus.  
Recipe axungiae suilae lib. 1. olei Cammomillae, et Anetini an unc. i. Radicum anulae parum contrito, unc. quat. therebentinae venetae, unc. ss. Argenti vivi preparati, unc. quat. Incorporentur omnia simul spatio viginti quatuor horarum, fiat linementum ut decet.  
I use always in stead of the Swine's grease, the ointment called Rosatum mesevis, and put to one pound of this ointment, five ounces of Quicksilver, oil of Bays and aniseed, of either half an ounce, so with that I give every day one friction, or once in two days, according to the temprature and strength of the Patient, the which must be considered by the skilful Chirurgeon.   

The 11. Chapter. Of the general cure of the Spanish sickness.  
AS for the curing of this disease, it shall be requisite to use all the 3. parts of Physic, which are Chirurgery, Diet, and Pharmacy: first of all we must observe the diet, which is the form of life, for as Avicen saith, the disordered course of life, may corrupt the best complexion, & being well governed, may correct the worst. Then let us begin the cure of this disease by good government of life in the six unnatural things, which are, the air, the meat and drink, and all that we use for our sustenance, the motion and rest of our body, under the which is comprehended venery, sleep, and waking, the retention, and repletion, the affections of the mind: these things must be observed, for without the observation of them, it will be hard to cure this sickness. The air must be clean, pure, and temperate. The meat ought to be nourishing, and of easy digestion, that neither engenders thick nor sharp humours. It must be more dry than moist, abstaining from fish, salt flesh, all kind of spices and fruits, because these engender evil humours. Abstain also from all manner of Pulse, as Pease and beans, also from Beef, Swine's flesh, Goats, Hares, and Rams flesh; from all sort of Waterfoule, Onions, Colewoort, and all kind of roots, these are hurtful, and breed evil blood. Eat only Mutton, Veal, Kid, Chickens, Dove, Partridge, & such like: you may also use the broth of them. Your bread must be of Wheat, either Biscuit; or at the least well baked. Abstain from Wine, for it is an enemy to this disease; use only the decoction of Gaiac, Salsparill, or Chine, according to the temperature of the diseased. Use a little exercise, for rest is hurtful, except there be great pain in the joints, or in some other part; Let not the exercise be violent, for it dissolveth the natural heat, sleep not long, because it fills the head with vapours. We must also observe the passions of the mind, chiefly melancholy. Be always merry, for then the natural heat doth prevail, and so helpeth much to the cure. Grief, fear, and anger, do much hinder the operation of the Medicines. We must take heed to the excrements, that the vapours ascend not to the head and other principal parts. So the Patient must have often Clysters made after this manner. Recipe maluae Althaea violarea, et Mercurialis an ma. i. Beulliant ad lib. 1. Addendo olei Violati unc. quat. Cassiae unc. i. Salis drag. i. fiat Clyster. Which you must use at the least every three days: or every four days four drams of my confection.  
Next, under the pharmacy, we shall observe all kinds of medicines taken inwardly, namely, Decoction, Syrups, Aposymes, juleps, Purgations, Conserves, Electuaries, Clysters, Gargarisms, Pessers, and Baths, which shall be made only of running water, warmwise, which we call Balneum aquaedulcis: yet ye may copose it according to the diversity of the accidents, and temperature of the diseases, as ye shall hear at large in my surgery, in the chapter of Baths. Yet commonly we make them of water wherein is put Mallows, Violets, Pellitory of the wall, Fumitory, Patience, Plantine, Cammomell, Mellelot, dry Roses, of each a handful: and it shall be well done to seethe those herbs a little before you put them in the Bath. The Medicines which be applied outwardly, are comprehended under the Pharmacy, like as ointments, plasters, Serots', Oils, Kataplasmes, Embrocations, Fomentations, Epythemes, Sassats, Synapismes, and Perfumes, the which things must be used according to the kind of the sickness, for to take away the evil humour contained in the body. But first the body and humours must be prepared with convenient remedies, as hereafter you shall hear, to the end the evacuation may be the easier & surer. First of all the body shall be gently purged with Confection Hamet, or some such like thing; the next day, open the vain most apparent a reasonable wideness, if there be plenitude. Afterward use the remedies set down by joh. Devigo, cap. de morbo Gallico, for the preparation of the humours: or this that followeth. Recipe Syru. de fumo terrae minori, vnc. 1. de succo Endiviae, drag. 6. Aquary Endiviae, capil. ven. et fumit. unc. 1. The Patient shall use of this the space of three or four days, one ounce every day two hours before meat. Afterward he shall be purged with this medicine. Recip. sol. senae mund. unc. ss. sem. foenic. dulcis drag. 1. Bullian in s. q. decocti pectora. Et in col. dissole diapr. sol. drag. 2. Syr. ros. sol. ex agar. & sena, vnc. 1. fiat potio, quam cap. 3. horis ante insculum. afterward, he shall bathe himself 3. or 4. days, and sweat a little in the bed when he is come out of the bath.  
These things being done, he shall use this syrup the space of five or six days. Re. Fumit. cicor. capil. ven. Enula Camp. Buglossi, Endiviae, an m. 1. ss. Pollitrei. m. ss. Polipod. passul. Sebesten an unc. 1. Prunor. dam. num. 25. Pomor. acetosori unum tantum parum. conquassatu●● vini Granatori. lib. ss. Aquam Endiviae, Fumit. Buglossi, an lib. 1. ss. Bulliant omnia secundum artem, ad consumpt. tertiae partis: deinde colentur. Et col. add. Zacli. q. 5. Cum unc. 2. Succi Fumit. et Endiviae. De quo patiens sumet in aurora, vnc. 1. ss. Vel unc. 2. Cum aquis capil. ven. et Endiviae atque Fumiterrae. The humours being so prepared, the body shall be purged after this manner. Recipe Cathol. drag. 10. dissol. in decoct. cicor. Agrim. Borag. in quo bullierint fol. Senae drag. 2. Cum sem. foenic. dulcis, addendo syr. Ros. Pallidari. unc. ss. fiat potio sumenda. 3. horis insculum. The next day he must be let blood in the basilic or median dexter. These things being well performed, are very needful for the preparation of the humours. And these things must always be used before the general cure. The Chirurgeon, which is the third, putteth in execution these things, if he be learned and wise, as he ought, and well furnished with things belonging to his Art, knowing not only the Chirurgery, but also the principles of Physic, as well in the Theoric as Practic, by reason that it is requisite for him, to ordain both diet and pharmacy, otherwise, he is unperfect. Galen saith in his introduction to Physic; that pharmacy hath need of Diet and chirurgery, in like manner, chirurgery hath need of Diet and pharmacy. There are three other things to be observed of the Chirurgeon, to wit, the essence, the cause, and symptoms of the malady, as ye have heard, the divesitie of the temperatures, and the fit remedies for curing hereof, for these things being unknown, the true cure hardly followeth: but only by hazard and not by rules of Art, as the blind man casteth his staff.  
For these causes we must not marvel at the malignity and cruelty of this sickness, nor the sore torments of the sick; for there are many evil disposed persons in all Countries, who endanger a great many Patients, by not using of fit remedies, taking one medicine for all sorts of this disease, which is much against reason. For according to the temperature and nature of the parties diseased, the remedy must be changed, as Galen hath written at large in his books De locis affectis. There are also many who profess to know secrets, and diabolic charms for curation hereof, but all such things are false, & the Authors there of are worthy to be most grievously punished, for such things cause the sickness to wax more rebellious, so that hardly afterwards it obeyeth any remedy, and then the poor Patient dieth most miserably. These things happen by not knowing the nature of the malady, and remedies, not the variety of the bodies, and the nature of the party infected. We must understand, that strong people, as Labourers, Mariners, and such as are used to sore labour, endure more violent remedies & stronger evacuations, than those which are weaker and more delicate, as women, sick folks, tender children, eunuchs and such like: for such persons the medicine must be gentler, and the evacuations less, otherwise, in using of strong remedies, ye put them in danger of death. Hereby it may easily appear, that according to the temperature we must diversify the remedies: for in sanguine and choleric complexions, we must use other medicines then in the phlegmatic and melancholic. So that those which say they have secrets and drinks for all sorts, are rather to be called deceivers and jugglers, then true ministers of our Art.   

The twelfth Chapter showeth how by nine divers ways this disease may be cured.  
THere are divers learned men, who of long time have sought out, and put in practice divers remedies, as well general, as particular, for the extirpation of this malady, of the which our ordinary practitioners use commonly four. First, by decoction of Gaiac, secondly by unctions, thirdly by emplasters, four by perfumes, or suffumigations. But because these ways for the most part are both dangerous and and uncertain, as I have often proved, being also a thing that bringeth infamy to the diseased, by reason, that this manner of cure, yea, though it were certain, could not be performed without the knowledge of many. Therefore I have taken pains, both by daily practice and observation, as also by conference with learned men touching this matter, to find a way more certain for the curation, and not so dangerous, nor painful for the patiented, which may be performed, without keeping either bed or chamber, and that without knowledge of any man, except it be inveterate. And it is performed by Pills and decoction of white wine, decoction of Salsparel, by electuary, & by my Arabic powder, which before me have not been practised: and I may assure them all to be most certain for the curation of this disease, & to have been experimented by me, in more than two hundred patients of divers Nations, in curing of whom, there happened no accident, but perfect health. I can, by the like means, and invention of mine, cure Children of two months old. Now seeing, by God's help, I have found out things so profitable for the recovery of health, in an infinite number of people, I will not hide it, but publish the same so plainly, that every man by his own industry, may attain to the knowledge hereof. But first I will set down the common way, daily practised, beginning with the first, which is the decoction of Gaiac, and so proceed with the rest, after the same order, to the end, that all men may know, both the vulgar and ancient way, and also the new, found out and practised by mine only diligence.   

The 13, Chap. to cure the Spanish disease by decoction of Gaiac, which is the first way.  
AS for this manner of cure, that is done only by decoction, you shall hear the form hereof, after the manner that is ordinarily used, like as I have often proved myself. But that I ever healed any only by that way, I will not say, not withstanding that there is no Surgeon in France that hath cured that disease, more than I. Neither could I ever learn of any famous Surgeon that would affirm it to be a true cure. Yet the Spaniards and Italians be of an opinion, that it may be done. Their reason is, that the first Spaniard that was infected therewith in the occidental Indies, in an isle called S. Dominick, having an Indian to his servant who professed to heal this disease, only by that decoction was healed by him, who did also heal many others. So by his example divers others do use that way. But I answer: At that time the sickness was not so venomous as now, neither gave they it leisure to inveterat as we do, nor yet was the people of our temperature, being for that cause more easy to be healed. Among the four ways to heal this disease, I esteem this to be the most weak & most uncertain, the which opinion is confirmed by all those that have written, and practised in this matter. Nevertheless by our experience we find it a remedy, albeit not altogether sufficient for the exturpation of this sickness, yet a great help to it, as also to many other diseases, where need is to heat, attenuat, provoke sweat, and dry moderately. So that I think it should be rather called a preparation to the cure, than a perfect or true cure. For seeing it is not sufficient for the cure of a simple sickness, as of a defluxion or catarrh, (this we see by our daily practice) the which is healed by simple remedies, then much more it must be weak for the taking away of this sickness: the which is of such nature, as saith Palmanius, that often it receiveth no curation, notwithstanding the use of all proper remedies, which make a great evacuation, as well laxative as others. Yet I confess, that there is some hidden faculty that helpeth much, by reason that it heateth, rarifieth, and provoketh both urine, and sweat, and is also somewhat proper against the venom, consuming a part of the humours that be most subtle, so appeaseth the dolour for a certain time, but the primitive cause doth remain with the most part of the humours which be deep, thick, and gross, of the which cometh Tophes, and Nodosities, in divers parts of the body, chiefly in the legs, arms, and head, accompanied with dolours. Always let it be used with a good method & regime, with preparation of the humours, as you have heard in the general Chaprer. So doing, the venom is almost withdrawn, if the sickness be recent and the patiented of a good temperature. Therefore I will briefly set down the preparation of this decoction; the time proper to use it, and the form how it shall be used, with the regime that should be observed in the usage hereof, at all times. As touching the preparation, after it be put in powder, so much as you will use, you must steep it 24, hours in water, for by the long steeping, it receiveth more force, the water must be warm, and upon one pound of the tree, put ten pounds of water, either Fountain, or River, as counseleth Montanus of Hermodact. Drag. ij. That being done, it may be made in divers manners, but the most part do seeth it in a weak fire, in a pot of earth or Copper, well covered, so that no air avoid: let it seeth till the second, or third, or fourth part be consumed, which shall be done according unto the indication, and temperature of the person. Some do make it by distillation. But whatsoever fashion you make it of, a little before the full concoction, add some liquorice small broken, to the effect it be more pleasant, so retire it from the fire, and being refreshed, strain it through a cloth, and keep it close in bottles for thine use, the which shall be in the morning, at such time as thou wilt sweat. Thereafter thou shalt make a second decoction, to drink in the meals, and in other such hours, as shall be found to be expedient. It shall be made in this form. Put to the grounds at the rest of the other decoction, as much water as before, and seeth it as the other, but let it not consume so much, by reason you shall use long, and much of it. We put to it, for the corroboration of the stomach, Coriander, Aniseed, Cinnamon, & such like. The time most proper to use the first decoction, is in the morning and afternoon, long time after meat, taking a greater measure in the afternoon, then before noon. If the patiented be strong, and the sickness great, let the quantity be greater, and in Winter, more than in Summer, and in cold folks, more than in hot folks. The form how it shall be used, is after this manner: that he that useth it, must be in bed warm, and in a hot air, or if the weather be cold, the Chamber must always b●●ote, and very close, and the air rectified by odorifferous things, the patient must not go forth, for it is dangerous to expose the body to the air, the pores being open, as always happeneth after sweat. It must be taken warm, to the end it may do the office the better, as also that by the cold, it hurt not the concoctrix virtue of the ventricle. The quantity you shall give, is Vnc. viii, or seven, or vj. Having so taken it, the patient must be covered with clothes, which must be warm and light. The sweat must not be violent, for by our experience we see, that albeit it be not violent, yet it weakeneth the body in such a sort, that we are oft forced to leave the proper cure, and give order to the accidents: and the like may happen by the excessive heat of the Chamber, so that good judgement is required in that matter. Sometime for the thickness of the skin, nature doth not easily provoke sweat, for the provocation whereof it shall be well done▪ to put to the feet and shoulders, bottles or bladders full of the same decoction, that be very warm. So cover well the head, as also the rest of the body, in such sort that nothing be uncovered, saving only the mouth and nose. Before that you take the potion, it shall be well done to make light frictions with hot clothes, chiefly on the parts most dolorous, to the end the pores be the easier opened, and also to provoke sweat. After he hath sweat one hour or two, as he may easily endure, you shall dry him with hot clothes, beginning first at the parts which be opposite to the dolours, next to the parts dolents, and through the rest of the body: tub well the head, and in time of sweeting, dry oft the face, according as you perceive it to be moist. Being so dried, and the hot clothes taken from him, he shall refresh himself as before, in his bed, keeping him well from the cold, which might cause obstruction of the pores and passages, and might be occasion to hinder the sensible and insensible transpiration. Two or three hours after he be refreshed, and the motion ceased, he may dine, using aliments of good juice, and according to the regiment hereafter set down. Then four hours after meat he shall take a draft, as before of this decoction, using them as before, and so continue 10, or 20, days, according unto the forces of the patiented, and nature of the disease, using every three days either Glisters, or some potion laxative, according unto the nature of the humour that domaineth. For often by the great sweats, the belly not being lose, the excrements doe-drie, and so do much offend. Those that use to cure by this way, make their decoction stronger in the end, to the effect it be more desiccatiffe, as also the regime of life more strait and rigorous, and this way they continue five or six weeks, sweeting every day once or twice, the space of 25. days, the rest of the time they use good regime, and drink no other drink, for in that time say they, albeit he sweat not, yet the pores that are opened shall always vapour out some vapours or spirits venomous, so in that time they esteem them to be healed. But the truth is, as I have oft seen, that this form doth nothing, save only hide the sickness, and appease the dolours for a time, so that it is always recidive, and oft times by the long and violent usage hereof, the humours are rendered more drying, maling, and burned, of the which come miserable simptoms, as I have often seen. In this time the regime is very strait. Whereof cometh great hurt for the straightness hereof, ordaining only so much bread, with such a number of plums, as is not sufficient to entertain nature: For in long sicknesses (as saith Hippocr. in his 1, Book, 4, Apho.) that over-straightnes of life is always dangerous, specially in people that are accustomed to eat much. For (as sayeth the same Author) custom is a second nature. Therefore they must not be restrained so soon, nor so much from their wont use. In like manner, that strait way of life with the decoction, doth dry and burn the blood, and other good humours, and doth only consume a part of the subtlest of the evil humour, and the grossest remaineth. So by this form of proceeding, the most part of the people may not, nor hath not, the force to endure that hard entertainment, albeit it were available.  
I have seen sundry, who by the great usage of this, are become altogether uncurables. These faults are committed by some simple Barbers, and other ignorant fellows, who although they know themselves to be ignorant, yet being most arrogant, not only in this, but also other sicknesses, do take upon them to cure and heal every disease, having their only recourse to the diet, by the which they ruin infinite number of people, ignoring the malady, the remedies, and the temperature of the patiented; not considering whether the sick have force to support that manner of traitment or no: and also whether the humours be prepared, or if they need prepatation, or if their diet be proper for the disease, using the same remedy in children and old folks. Ask them the reason, they will answer you, that they have cured many, but neither do they speak of the reason, not of those that they have killed. God defend all Christians from such a kind of Empirics. The true regime that we should use in this sickness, must be wisely done, as well for the nature of the malady, as for the malice of the accidents. As for the nature of the malady, the age, the region, the time of the year, with divers other circumstances, are to be considered. And according unto these things, the regime of life must be observed, either by adding, or by diminishing. In like manner, in these Countries that be cold, the natural heat, retireth to the centre of the body, so that the concoction is done the better, and therefore they have better appetite, as sayeth Hippocr. in his 15, Aphor. & first Book. Also Galen in his Commentary, where he sayeth. In Winter and Spring-time the ventricle is naturally hot, and therefore at that time the body should be more nourished. For oftentimes the lack of nurture doth consume the radical humidity, by the action of the same heat, therefore our nurture must be of a reasonable quantity, and also of good juice, like as Mutton, Veal, Kids, Capons, Chickens, Fessants, Partridges, and little Birds commonly used, leaving all water Fowls: the which shall be sometimes roasted, and sometimes sodden, as it shall be found expedient. All things must be of light digestion, and of little excrement. You shall abstain from plums, for although the decoction hereof be cordial, the plum itself is terrestre, and melancolick. Also abstain from meat that engender gross humours and vicious, like as fish, the which is of nature pituitous, and full of crudities, like as salt meat, Spicery, Onions, Mustard, and such like, which may heat and inflame the blood, and life up hot and sharp vapours to the head and brains. The bread must be of wheat, well baked, for so it remaineth longer in the ventricle. It shall be well done to put with it the powder of aniseed, and Coriander, for the strengthening of the stomach. Some men counsel to use only two or three ounces a day, the which we observe not in our diets: for this our diet is as who would say, Proba victus ratio, that is, good nurture, and such a quantity as agreeth with the temperature of the body, with the nature of the sickness, and with the time of the year, so that no man can set down definitely any diet, unknowning both the Patient and the disease. Let him eat sodden flesh at dinner, and at supper also, if he be of a very hot temperature, or else he shall use roasted at supper, in little quantity, or in stead of that, some reasonable quantity of Reisons, the which do corroborate the entrails. His ordinary drink shall be of the second decoction; composed as you have heard, drinking as much as he thirsteth. If at any time he be weak, and accustomed to drink Wine or Ale, he may use a little Wine, mingled with the said decoction. He must abstain from sleep in the afternoon, for it filleth the head with vapours and exhallations, augmenteth the dolours and Catarrhs. Use reasonable exercise, & abstain from all affections of the mind that troubleth or inflameth the spirits and humours. It shall be well done to abstain altogether from the act venerean: for it is a chief cause which hindereth the sensible and insensible transpiration, and evacuation of humours vicious, but revokes them to the inward part, and weakeneth much the parts nervous. After this form sometime remaineth intemperature in the liver, which is for the most part hot, & in that we ordain such things as have the virtue to refresh and temper these parts. Sometimes it happeneth, that through the great sweat and much charging of clothes, that the external parts of the body be very excrementous, and in that, we bathe the Patient to cleanse him. For the same purpose we use the decoction of Chine, the which hath virtue to provoke sweat in like manner, and drieth and maketh fat those that be lean. In making of this decoction, you must cut it in small pieces, and take 2. ounces of it and steep it in 8. pints of warm water, the space of 24, hours, then seethe it in an earthen pot till the third part be consumed, and keep it close and warm by the fire. Use 8, or 10, ounces of it in the morning, and also in the afternoon, observing the regime above specified, & make in like manner a second decoction of this as of the other. This is the weigh the I use to cure by decoction.   

The 14. Chapter showeth the way to cure by friction, which is the second way used by our Ancients.  
THis way of cure which was most commonly used by our ancients to all men, is done by frictions and unctions, the which things are convenient for some people, such things observed as you have heard in the general Chapter, and that the Unguent be well composed, after the form of joh. Carpensis, who was the first inventor of unction with Quicksilver. Yet was it neither thought by himself, nor by oothers, meet to be used at all times, nor for all sorts of temperatures and dispositions. For to some it weakeneth the entrails and solid parts of the body, remaining sometimes in the body, which causeth leanenes, trembling, falling of the teeth, and divers other accidents. Therefore it must be used with great judgement, considering well first, if the sick can use any other manner of medicine, and if the sickness be inveterat, engendered of gross humours and vicious, and adherant to the solid parts, the which happeneth most commonly to such as have been oft cured afore; considering also if there be Nodosities in the legs & arms, vehemence of dolour in the head & joints, the which accidents render the body and virtues hereof weak, by reason of the vehement and continual dolours. When such things do happen, the friction may be used to the inferior people, that hath no great means to get dearer cure: yet always the body and humours must be prepared, as ye have heard in the general chapter; and the frictions used with discrerion, as ye shall hear, and not to rub immoderately, as do many ignorants, who do mischief to the people by their unskilfulness, thinking to take away those humours that do molest the body, and in the mean time, do consume the good humours and radical humidity, of the which appear greater accidents than before. Therefore it shall be well done, that no man presume to cure this way, except he know well the temperature of the person, the kind of sickness, the time most proper, & the true method to do the same, after this form following.  
First of all, the way of life must be ordained as you have heard, after that, the Patient must be purged with medicaments proper to the humour that offendeth, always using such things as are set down in the general chapter for the preparation of the humours, not forgetting the sections of the veins, with the baths, in the which must be put such things as are set down in the general chapter, or else warm water alone, in the which you may put 2. or 3. gallons of Milk, the which is good to appease the dolours and soften the skin. Ye shall enter the first day once, afterward twice every day, remaining one hour, or so long as ye may well endure, observing always before, after, and in the bath, such things as I have set down in my chirurgery chap. of baths. Thus ye shall continue 5. or 6. days, as shall be found needful. If the body be dry and hot, accompanied with nodosities & hardness in divers parts, & retraction of the members, as sometime happeneth either being inveterat or oft under cure before, in cold weather & not warmly kept. In that case we add divers sorts of herbs, which have virtue to soften: namely, meadows, Violets, Pellitory, Patience, Fumetory, Cammomell, and Roses; take of each a handful & seethe them a little in water before ye put them in the bath: afterward, being gone out of the bath, he shallbe dried and put in a warm bed, afterward anoint him with such things as have the virtue to lose and soften the hard parts, like as Axungia humana, Anatis, Anseris, et Galline, an unc 2. Axungie porci, butyri recentis sine sale, an unc 1. Medulle vituline, et cernine, unc ss. Cum gummatum ammoniaci bdellij, Galbani, et Oppopanacis, unc 2. sem. malue lini, et Fenugr. an unc ss. Olei Liliori, Violari, et Lumbric. an unc sem. fiat linementum. With this you shall rub the parts affected every time you come out of the bath. Being so continued a certain space, we add to some of these Axungies, a medicament which is esteemed by our Authors to have a propriety, manifest or occult for this disease, the which is called Hydrargiron; or Quicksilver. But by reason that of it cometh divers accidents as ye have heard, being either evil of himself, or evil prepared, therefore, when thou shalt make the unguent, have recourse to the Chapter of Quicksilver.   

The 15. Chap. Of the form of the Friction.  
THE body and humours being prepared as you have heard, the Patient shall be put in a place naturally warm, or in the cold weather it shall be made warm by Art, exempt of all cold and wind, which may penetrate in the body, and hinder the operations of the medicaments. For this cause, those that do meddle with this sort of cure, should have a little close Chamber with a chimney, where always should be fire, the which must be great in the time of the friction, and that in the morning at 5. or 6. of the clock, as time most proper. If the Patient be weak, give him an Egg, or some other thing of light digestion, an hour before, & half an hour after, a drink of the first decoction warm. That being done, there must be a reasonable fire, the which the si●● shall stand before, turning always about, to the end the heat may penetrate in all the sides, and universally throughout the body. Put a cloth about his head, another about his belly, to the end the unguent touch neither of these two parts: than ye shall begin the friction at the articles, as hands, shoulders, elbows, & knees, afterward, universally throughout the whole body, excepting always the head & the belly, the which is anointed by some ignorants, causing thereby death, or some cruel accidents. Rub well, to the end it may penetrate the better, and let the friction be more copious in the parts affected then in the rest. The unguent being soaked in a part, you must have a hot sheet & put it about him, so laying him in a hot bed, which shall be well covered with many clothes, not heavy, there he shall sweat an hour or two, or as long as he may endure. If the sweat come not sufficiently, put to his feet and shoulders some hot stones, or pots of earth, or of glass, or some bladders full of the same decoction warm, as ye have heard in the cure by decoction. Then having sweat sufficiently, rub him well with warm dry clothes till he be almost dry, so take the sheet from him, and after that rub him a space with warm linen, till he be perfectly dry. Be diligent in rubbing well his head, afterward let him refresh himself softly: so two hours after he may dine, and do the like afternoon, and other times when ye shall anoint him. Yet there must be both mediocrity and method in the anointing: for like as our soft anointing is not able to open the pores, in like manner the overstrong doth open the poars of the skin, making dolour, attraction, and commotion of the parts. Take always heed to the forces of the sick, & beware of that which is cause of all dolours and recidives: that is, the number of the frictions, by reason that some give over-few, fearing these accidents, and to the contrary, some others that give overmany, in such sort that I have heard men vaunt themselves, to have rubbed the poor Patient 37. times. Before I had found out other ways for the cure of this disease, I have rubbed to the number of 5. or 6, times, and oft-times but twice or thrice. Nevertheless, the time may not be justly limited: but for the greatness of the sickness, and temperature of the sick, we use the frictions till we perceive a reduction of the venomous humours, either by flux of mouth or of belly, or of urine, and sometimes by insensible resolution, but that is seldom and not certain. If we see in bodies strong and hard, that nature will not work nor obey the frictions by once a day anointing, than they must be twice, that is, at 6. of the clock in the morning, & two or three in the afternoon, so that one day that way, doth more profit than two days other ways. In weak and tender persons ye must anoint but once a day, and sometimes but once in two days, by reason that in such people, the over-oft anointing, maketh a resolution of the spirits, and maketh nature weak. When the sick beginneth to spit, it is a token that the humours are prepared to avoid, and then once anointing will do more than twice before, and it shall be well done to rub but once, or twice at the most afterward. So when nature giveth leisure to expel the venom, if we perceive that the evacuation doth not continued till the whole malice be evacuated, them to make it continue, we apply Emplasters on the neck and shoulders, composed after the form as ye shall hear in the chap. of the cure by Emplasters; so that it shall continue the flux to the perfect evacuation. For the same effect we may use one Pill or two, composed as you shall hear in the cure by Pills. In like manner, 8. gra. of my powder, called pulvis Arabicus, which shall be taken in Conserve of Roses. Sometimes the flux of the mouth is so great, that we are constrained to stay it by Emplasters astringents, as of Mastic, Contra rupturum, de bolo, and such like, on the neck and shoulders ventouses: also frictions with hot clothes; in like manner Gargarisms, as ye shall hear in the chapter of ulcers in the mouth: In like manner by Clysters emolients, to divertise the humour to ascend to the superior parts: sometimes by using all these remedies, the crise is imperfect, so leaves some rest, the which by little & little doth corrupt the whole mass, and so maketh worse accidents than before. Sometimes it remaineth in the body half a year, or a year, sometimes 8. or 10. years, chiefly in persons melancholic and cold. So the most part of those dieth most miserably, by reason of the great internal corruption before any external appearance.  
But to return to our purpose, we must take heed, that the remedies be neither over violent nor indiscreetly applied, by reason of the great accidents which ensue thereupon, and chiefly excoriation and corrosion of the intestins, consumption of the humour radical, whereof the sick becometh tabid, or getteth ulcers, sordids, and putrids in the mouth, which oft consumeth a great part of the muscles that move the jaws, so the action doth decay. To some the jaws go together, so that afterward they are scarcely able to open their mouth, as in Paris a Boy that had been handled that way, his teeth did all fall, and his jaws grow together, in such sort that nothing could enter into his mouth, so was I constrained to make incision through all the gums, and so I healed him, yet could he not come to the perfection to eat any hard thing. Some degenerate in gangrenes, so that divers die miserably. As for the corrosion of the guts, which often happeneth, you shall use Clysters remollients, as this, Recipe maluar. Violar. an M. 1, fiat decoctio ad lib. 1, dissol. vitellor. avor. duo olei viol. vnc. 2, butiri recentis vnc. 1, ss. fiat Clyster, which shall be used 2, or 3, times every day. As for the ulcers of the mouth, have recourse to the proper chap. of ulcers. I have found out an invention for the usage of the friction, the which is both more pleasant and profitable, then that which you have heard, as here followeth. In steed that some put before the fire, I put them in a hot stove being warmed with decoction of things proper, to soften and rarefy the pores, so by that means all the parts are all a like hot, the which is not before the fire, by reason that one side being warm, the other is cold, besides that there be some who would be ashamed to be seen naked, and in the stove they are not seen. Then the patiented being there hot, with a cloth about his head, you shall give him a little of the unguent by a hole made for the purpose, and let him rub himself in such places, and after the form that you have heard. That being done, put him in a hot sheet in bed, and cover him as before. By this means he shall have the flux of the mouth as the other, and in a shorter space. During the time of the which flux the patient must be nourished with things licquid, and of good juice, and light digestion, like as soft Eggs, pottage, made of yolk of Eggs, consumats made of extremities of Calves, or of Fowls, French barley, Horge Munde, of the which you shall use little, and oft, washing always the mouth after, remembering that neither before, nor in the time of the flux must be used any washing, or drink, or any cold thing, the which things all do stay the flux. If the patiented be weary of these things, you may infuse white bread in wine, and mingle with it a little barley water, thereafter straining the bread, that the substance remain in the wine. If in this time the patiented be constipat, use sometimes Clysters, Lenitives, or Suppositories.   

The 16, Chap showeth the way to cure by Emplasters, which is the third way that our Ancients did use.  
THE Emplasters are thought to have the same effect that the lineaments have, if the body be prepared, as you have heard in the general Chapter. Nevertheless the operation is slow and very uncertain in many, yet for those that do use them, they must be composed, not only of things written by john de Vigo, but also other things mingled with them, that have the virtue to soften, resolve, and dry, according to the nature of the humours, which should be evacuated and simptoms, if giving also that, there be also some Quicksilver mingled with it, prepared as you have heard, the which hath virtue against the venom, which is cause of the sickness, the Emplasters have great virtue on the part whereupon it is applied, both by reason of the ingredients, as also because they remain always adherent to the part, so their actions are continual, and are ordinarily applied where the humours are gross and vitius, adherent to the part solid's, like as Tophes and Nodosities, they also mitigate the dolours, and resolve the hardness, so that they remain a certain time: for like as that venom is rooted for a time, in like manner time must be had for the extirpation of the same. So in that they be most profitable. Nevertheless I think not the Emplaster or cerot hath force to make evacuations sufficient, for the extirpation of the sickness. I have sometimes proved it, and have cured some that way, others I have been constrained to seek an other way of cure. I confess in all persons being used it doth take away a part of the evil, so it hideth the sickness for a time. I find them most proper to be used when the malady is recent, specially in the first, second, or third kind in young folks, and such as be easy to move, also in shamefast people, and such as will not suffer the friction. To such I use this method. First preparing the body and humours, as you have heard in the general Chapter, next sweat five or six days, after that method as is set down in the Chapter of the decoction, thereafter he shall remain in bed using such regime, as you have heard in the last Chapter: also before the flux of the mouth as in the time of it. Your Emplasters shall be made after this form.  
Recipe Emplastri johannis de vigo lib. 1, de meliloto et oxicroij an lib. ss. argenti vivi, preparati ut dictum est unc. viii, olei de spica parum, fiat Emplastrum: the which shall be put on leather or strong cloth, that shall cover the arms from the hands to the shoulders, and the shoulders, and about the neck, on the legs from the knees to the toes, and always must it be more thick in the articles, then in other parts, letting them remain till such time you perceive nature begin to make eduction of the humours venomous. If nature be long in working, it shall not be evil done, to make little particular frictions in the bed once or twice, to the effect the evacuation be more easy. In some persons if the humours be well prepared, & in good season, the Emplasters begin to make eduction of the humour, in 3, or 4, days, most commonly by the mouth, the which sometimes is so violent, that we are constrained to stay it: first by taking away a part of these Emplasters, and after that stay the violent flux by such means as you have heard in the Chapter of frictions. The ulcers that ensue thereupon shall be cured after the method set down, in the Chapter of ulcers of the mouth. If there happeneth prurit, or blisters, in the part where be the Emplasters, they shall be removed, and foment these parts with hot wine, in the which Camomile, Roses, and such like have been boiled, the which hath the virtue to consume that which is cause of the said prurit: afterward the place being dried, apply the same Emplaster again. Furthermore you shall understand that by the application of these Emplasters, nature doth sometimes discharge by flux of belly & urine, but I never saw it discharge by flux of the belly save one time, neither is it so certain as that of the mouth. I have used them to some men and women who had no evacuation, notwithstanding all preparations of the humours, so was I constrained to use other form of cure. By all these things you may clearly judge, what the usage of this cure may avail to the most part of Patients.   

The 17, Chap. to cure by perfumes and suffumigations, which is the fourth way, used by our Ancients.  
PErfumes which were used of old, and now also by some ignorant people, for the curation of this malady, the which in no manner are to be approved for that intention, being not possible to cure the sick that way. They be most strong and vehement, of the which come great accidents, and oftentimes death, specially to those that are lean and of temperature hot and dry, as I have oft seen. In Paris in the time of the troubles, there was great companies of Spaniards and Neapolitans, amongst the which was a Barber Neapolitan, who professed to heal all diseases, but chiefly this, by the means of his perfumes, so that it happened him one time to have eight under cure, of the which five died, three lived, and of them three, two became paralatick, and one deaf, and many others died in his hands. I have seen infinite others die by the ignorance of such curers, who handle men like Horses, using only one method to all men, little and great, strong and weak. Of this little number that escapeth some become tabid, some hidiopick, for they are most hurtful to the lungs, & maketh great resolution of the spirits, which have great conximitie with the brains, so that the spirits animal is depravated and diminished: to divers happeneth contraction of the sinews, paralysy, trembling, apolexie, with divers other evil accidents, of the which, if time would permit, I should give many examples. For these causes and divers other, I think it not meet, either to show the way or the just dose of their poisonable ingredients, like as Orpin, Calcant, Cinnaber, and such like, by reason that perhaps some men will be so unhappy as to use them. Nevertheless I doubt not, but perfumes such as we use, are a great help for some particular affections, which remain after the cure done by any of the three ways precedent, as deafness, pain in the head, joints, legs, and arms, falling of hair, and such like. Wherein I have known them to have done great good, both to tenuat and incise: as also to expel out by sweat, that which remaineth; the which nature, (either depravated or hindered,) could not cast forth, by reason of the sickness and tenacity of the humour, and also of the skin and narrowness of the passages. So, if the virtue to provoke sweat, as also to lose the belly, be always moderately used, and composed only with such things, and after the manner as ye shall hear, (the which shall not be strong, to the end they may make no resolution of the virtues, neither hinder them, nor deprive the action of the parts:) than they shall be made of the roots of Dictam, Peonie, Tormentil, Iris florentie, Cinnamon, Francumcens, Mastic, Oliban, Laudanum, an drag, 2. Turpentine of Venice, Calam arematieke, Garyefillate, Nutmeg, Semen citri, Ceruse, Sandolor. species, an drag, 1. Amber, unc sem. Let all these be put in powder, and kept for your use. There be divers others, set down in many Authors, and especially by Fallopius in his Treatise De morbo Gallico. To perform this, ye must have a tub, with a tent or pavilion, or at the least some thing that shall cover it, that no air enter. The tub must be hot before he enter in, he must be all naked, and sit on a stool, putting on either side of him an instrument of iron or brass, wherein shall be little clear coals, upon the which ye shall cast of these powders here named, to the weight of one drachm or two, and so shall continue a certain space, or so long as he may endure, to receive the fume of the same, till such time as he sweat. If it be possible, he shall keep his eyes close, and put out sometimes his head. If the vapour be overgreat, beware that he swoon not, as many do. Therefore as soon as ye see him grow faint, retire him, and put him in a bed, wrapping him in a warm sheet, and put hot clothes on his stomach and belly, so he shall sweat easily an hour or two without violence. Afterward dry him, and use him in such sort as ye have heard in the Chapter of decoction, & as also touching the way of life. But this must be done in the morning, as time most proper, continuing 3. or 4. days, as shall be found needful. If peradventure he be found weak, give him an Egg, or a toast in wine an hour before he enter in.  
These Perfumes ye must use as well particularly as generally, to any part where any thing doth remain, as a leg, or an arm, or the secret parts, nothing being discovered saving the parts affected, so of it come great commodities. For the same purpose I use dry stones in stead of the bathing tub, with a presume of this decoction following. Take of Fountain water, lib, 20. white wine, lib, 4. mingle them with these herbs following. Rec. Saluie, Eetanice, Stecados, Sambuci, Origani, Folior. lauri, Rorismarini, Mint, Flor. Cammomille, Meliloti, et Anethi, Hyprici, an m. 3. Seminum anisi, Feniculi, Radicum cyperi, Calamiaromatici, Iris florentiae, an unc 1. Omnia frustulatim concisa. Seethe all these in the pot, and let the vapour pass by the conduit, so receive the vapour so long as you find it expedient, & sweat in your bed thereafter as before. If the pain be particular, in one part, you must receive the vapour only on that part, covering well the rest of the body: and this we use in divers other maladies, which shall be set down at large in my Treatise called The poor man's guide. Also, I use the same perfume in the bathing tub like as the first, where I have any suspicion that any venom remaineth, to the end the parts may be corroborat and comforted, the which shall be composed in the same manner, adding only to them a little Aqua vita, the which shall be put on the hot stones in the said bathing tub, on each side of the sick; so receive the fume thereof as of the perfume, sweeting and drying as before: and so continue for 3. or 4. days, the which most commonly I use to all solkes in the end of the cure, by the which I have found great help.   

The 18. Chapter, to heal this disease by Pills of Mercure, which is the first way that I have used.  
Having sufficiently showed the four ways commonly practised, by our ordinary practitioners for the curation of this disease, I will in like manner let you understand, in so short terms as may be, the ways which I have used during these ten years: whereby I have cured many, and that very easily and with small pain, as ye shall hear. First of all to perform this cure by Pills of Mercure, the body must first be prepared, purged and bled, with other such like things as ye have heard in the Chapter precedent: also making the sick to sweat 4. or 5. days, either by such a decoction as shall be found to be convenient for the habitude of the diseased, or else by my powder, called pulvis indicus, set down in The poor man's guide, very proper for many other diseases also. In the mean time, the diet shall be of meats of good digestion, sodden at dinner, and roasted at supper, always observing the temperature as ye have heard. His ordinary drink shall be wine, well mingled with decoction of Chine or Salsparil. He may drink sometime of Chine alone, always the first drink at meals shall be of wine, for the corroboration of the ventricle. All these things being duly performed, he shall use of these Pills the space of 30. or 40. days, taking every day one after his first sleep, keeping him always warm, that shall provoke a flux of mouth in short space without violence, the which shall not be perceived but as in a man that hath a catarrh. Sometime happeneth flux of belly, the which for the most part is violent, wherefore we use Clysters, wherein hot iron or steel hath been oft extinguished, giving him leave to rest a day or two, using one of the first Pills. If by this means the violence ceaseth not, ye shall use such remedies as ye have heard in the Chapter of friction, or else 4. grains of the confection called, Requies Caroli quinti, which is most excellent for all flux of the belly. Afterward, the violence being stayed, give the rest of the Pills, every day one, which shall weigh 2. drag. Thus ye shall do, if the sickness be inveterat, and the body robust and difficult to be moved, onels it shall be sufficient to use 20. of the said Pills, the which shall be made as followeth. Res. Salsparil, et Seine mundate, an unc 1. Turbith, Hermodict. Agarici, et Rhubarb electi an unc sam. Colocynth, Subtiliter puluerate drag, 6. Hydrargyri bene preparati, unc 4. Extinguatur diligentissime cum terebint, unc 1. Addatur theriace, unc 1. sem. Syr. Ros. lax. q. s. Ambari grisijs, drag 1. Misce et fiat massa. Cap. drag. 2. aut 3. according unto the forces. In like manner ye may use these that follow, to the same effect. Rec. Mercurij, drag 25. Musci; drag 2. pulvis Arab. drag 10. Scammonij, drag 3. Cum succo Limonun, reducantur ad formam solidam. Ex quibus dabitur scru. 1. singulis diebus. In the mean time it shall be well done to use this Opiate, which is cordial, made after this manner: Rec. Cons. Nenupharis, Violati, Buglossi, Borage, an unc sem. Cori. citri conditi. drag 2. Diamar. frigidi, scru. 4. Rasure corni cerui. scr. 1. Metridatij veteris drag. 1. Cum syr. Viol. fiat opiata, cap. scru. 4. Mane et taneundem ante cenam.  
This being done, ye shall purge the Patient, and afterward cause him to sweat 5. or 6. days, in a dry Stove, taking always a drink of the decoction of Salsparill, before he enter in. And when he hath remained half an hour or three quarters, (as he may easily endure,) he shall be put in his bed to sweat. So by this means, nothing of the venositie shall remain. Be diligent to excitat the head to sweeting, and dry it well, by reason that oftentimes, by the negligence hereof, extreme pain of the head followeth, and defluxions on the eyes, deafness, and such like: the which things I attribute to the little sweeting of the head. I never heard any man complain either of the head or of the articles, after this sort of cure. If peradventure the temperature of the person cannot agree with this kind of remedy, as sometime it happeneth, I change my cure, according to the temperature of the Patient diseased with this sickness.   

The 19 Chapter, to cure by decoction of White wine, which is the second way that I use.  
THis way of cure is very expedient for those that are newly infected, if they be of good habitude, and of good constitution, but not for all kinds hereof, nor for all dispositions, nor yet at all times: for the sickness being inveterat, composed with gross humours and vicious, adherent to the par● cold & solid, which is the bones and other spermatic parts, as it happeneth in those that have been handled often before, and have Nodosities and dolours inveterat of the head & articles, in such sort that the parts be rendered weak, and therefore nature dischargeth upon them that which is contrary, whereof an evil habitude is engendered in the body, and the virtue is rendered weak, by the continual and vehement dolour. These things (I say) benign so, this way is not sure: therefore ye must wisely consider of the Patient and of the sickness, and thereafter the body and the humours must be prepared, as ye have heard in the general chapter, not forgetting the purgations and sections of the veins, with good regime, as is said in that Chapter. Afterwards you shall use 5. or 6. days a decoction Sudoriffick, & sweat according unto the method set down in the Chapter of Salsparil.  
This being duly performed, the rest of the time, which will be 15, or 20, days, you shall use this decoction that followeth taking a good draft every morning, and a brotle an hour after, made of butter and fine herbs, as Succory, Sorrell, Lettuce, Purslane, Borage, Buglos, and such like. The decoction shall be made in this form. Recipe medulle Gaiaci bene pulti. lib. 1, chine tessillatim excisae lib. ss. Salseparile vnc. 5, senne mundante vnc. 4, Hermodact. vnc. 1, macerent. omnia preter Hermodact. et sennam, in 12, pintiss Scoticis vini, spatio 16, horar. bulliant ad consumpt. quart partis, imponendo sennam et Hermodact. per dimidiam horam ante quam finiat ea consumptio. In fine decoctionis add aliquid liquiriti. Auferat ab igne et coletur. If the time be either cold or in Winter, go not forth, if other wise, go forth, and drink always when you are dry, but specially take a good drink an hour before supper. This way is most sure as I have oft proved, chiefly to women and children, but then your decoction must be weaker, as you shall consider by your good judgement. If you perceive it to work much, use it only in the morning & before supper, but at meals and other times use the decoction of Salsparill, which shall be composed of two ounces of Salsparill sodden in eight pints of water, till the fourth part be consumed, and drink of that when you are dry. After the cure you shall purge again with some medicament proper, and draw blood of the vain most apparent, if there be plenitude. Afterward return to your former diet by degrees.   

The 20, Chap. to heal the sickness by the decoction of Salsparill and Chine, which is the third way that I use.  
THis is a way of cure that I have oft experimented with good success, chiefly in people of good temperature, and the malady not being yet entered into the solid parts. Then to perform the cure to such as it is convenient, the body and the humour must first be prepared, with purgations, letting of blood, and sweeting, as it appeareth in the general Chapter. The regime shall be observed, as is said in the Chapter of the decoction of Gaiac. Afterward you must use of this decoction the space of 20, or 30, days, as you shall find expedient, the which shall be composed after this form. Recipe Salsparile, vnc. 4, que sit tenuitur in cisa, Rad. Chine per tessellas excise vnc. 2, macerentur spatio 24, borars in 10. pintiss Aque fontane, Bulliant lento igne ad consumpt. mediepartis coletur. Of this you shall take a good draft every morning, according unto the strength of the Patient, sweeting thereupon in bed, as you have heard in the Chapter of the decoction of Gaiac, doing the like in the after noon, and so continuing every day, during the time above specified, excepting always the 7, or 8, day, in the which you shall use some thing laxative, or at the least some of the same decoction made laxative after this form. To a pint of the decoction add half an ounce of Seine, 2, drams of Hermodact, and a little Lycoris, after the full ebullition add an ounce of syrup of Roses laxative. This you shall take in the morning, and a broth an hour after, made of fine herbs and butter. If this be not convenient enough, you shall take three grains of my powder called pulvis Tartarianus, or else half an ounce of mine electuary. The preparation of both is set down in The Poor man's guide. The day of the purgation he must neither sweat, nor go forth. The rest of the time he may go forth if the weather be warm. Nevertheless he must not rise out of bed till two hours after the swea● be passed. To some it shall be enough to sweat once a day, and so 18, or 20, days shall be sufficient. It hath greater virtue than Gaiac, and more proper for those that are of hot temperature. Of the grounds of the rest of this decoction you may make an other, putting to it five pints of water, and five pints of why wine, if the sick be weak, or else all water, seethe it till the third part be consumed, and drink of it ordinarily. It hath the virtue to restore those that be weak. The first decoction is most excellent in many other sicknesses, as Catharres that distill from the head, obscure Cankers, tumours difficult to discuss, good for a cold stomach, discusseth flatuosities, most excellent for old ulcers, but best of all for this disease, as I have oft proved to the contentment of many who used that remedy.   

The 21, Chap. to heal this disease by my Electuary, the which is the fourth way that I use.  
THis manner of cure which I have oft used to my special friends, for the taking away of this venom, either being recent or inveterat, is done after this manner. First purge the body with some light purgation, afterward let blood. Next prepare the humours as you have heard in the general Chapter. Afterward purge again with this medicament, Recipe decoct. pect. ad dosim infun●●●● cathaliconis duplic drag. 10, sir. Ros. pallidar. ex agarigo et senna vnc. 1, fiat potio, quam 〈…〉, horis ante iusculum. Afterward you must let him blood in the other arm, 〈…〉 thereupon to rest a day, purging him after that with an ounce of Casse, and an ounce of Syrup of Succory composed with Rhubarb. Afterward 〈…〉 5, days: and going out of the bath, take a drink of the decoction of Salsparil 〈…〉 after the form as you have heard in the precedent Chapter. In the mean time 〈…〉 beginning to the end, you shall use the regime set down in the Chapter of Salsparil 〈…〉 ordinary drink shall be of the second decoction of Salsparill. He must neither drink wine nor Ale or Beer, during the time of the cure, which will last 25, or 30, days, during which time, he shall use every morning half an ounce of my confection, the description whereof is clearly and brifelie set down in the treatise entitled The Poor man's guide, with the form how it should be used for many diseases that it is approbriat to. As for the usage thereof in this disease, there is only to be observed, that you must neither eat 3, hours after nor 3, before the taking thereof. And if the taking of it in the morning doth not sufficiently work, you may take as much in the afternoon. Sometime by using of it twice a day it worketh too fast, wherefore you must well consider and take it but once in one day, or once in two days, according as you find it work, and if it worketh as it ought to do, it shall be 5, or 6, times every day without violence. This is a remedy most excellent to be used both Summer and Winter, as well to young as to old. It healeth perfectly, as well the inveterat as the recens, albeit the time be somewhat longer, being no need to keep the lodging, nor to alienat the sick from any affairs, the which things are all performed without the knowledge of any man. Among other excellent virtues that it hath, it is most profitable for the poor people, for many reasons. Wherhfore albeit it be a very precious jewel unto me, yet for the love that I have to the common wealth, I will not hide it. It hath also many and divers virtues pertaining to the infantment of a woman, the which I have plainly declared in my treatise of The Infantment, the which by God's help shall be shortly put in print, and dedicated to the most virtuous Princess the Queen's Majesty of Scotland.   

The 22, Chap. to heal this disease by the Arabic powder, which is the fift way that I use.  
TO perform this manner of cure, the body and the humours must be well prepared by syrups or decoctions, purgations, and letting of blood, Baths, and good regime, as you have heard in the precedent Chapter. It shall be expedient, that the sick sweat 5, or 6, days, using the decoction of Salsparill, Chine, or Gaiac, the which shall be diversified according to the diversity of the temperature, as you have often heard before. Afterward during the time of the c●re which shall be 20, or 25 days, he shall use things of good nurture, and drink ordinarily decoction of Salsparill, abstaining from all cold drink, either actually or potentially. These things being performed, ye shall use of this powder every day once, or once in two days, according as ye shall perceive the effects thereof, the which shall be ministered after this order. First take 10. grains of the said powder, and mingle it with conserve of Roses, or of Nenuphar, which shall be made in form of a little Pill, taking it in going to bed, 2. hours after meat. Do the like in the morning, observing the same order, and that night in like manner: taking only 5. or 6. grains of the same powder, mingled with the said Conserves, and so continuing every day, or every two days once, till the perfect evacuation of the venom be perceived, which will be, during the time above specified, as ye shall clearly perceive by the signs of perfect health. You shall mark that the working of this medicament is often by the mouth, and seldom by the belly, and that like as it is seldom, it is also very long. Therefore observe such cautions in the ministering hereof, that ye provoke flux of the mouth, rather than of the belly. Yet whether of them ye perceive nature tend most to, you shall do well to follow nature, and do the best to continue that evacuation, giving no occasion in the contrary for the hindrance hereof. This is a reamedy which I have used sometimes to great Personages, as a thing most proper for them, for two reasons, first, because it is pleasant, and worketh thoroughly, secondly, because it is more costly: and therefore not so convenient for the common people, whose ability is unsufficient to bear the charge thereof. The composition of it, which will endure the space of three months, with the true administration of the same in divers sicknesses, are set down in my Treatise called The poor man's guide.   

The 23. Chapter showeth the way to cure young infants infected with this disease, and first practised by me.  
SEeing that in the formsr chapters I have plainly showed, after what method our Ancients, and I myself in like manner have cured old folks of this disease, now in like manner I will set down the way to cure young Infants. True it is, that divers Practitioners have of a long time taken pains to find out some certain method for the same, seeing the great number that daily were infected, partly by their Parents, partly by their Nurses, and such other causes, as ye have heard in the Chapter of the causes of this disease. But no true or perfect, curation could be found by them, because they were contented with some Paleative remedies, whereby the children seemed to be healed till they came to be 2. or 3. years old: in the which time, by the acrimony or sharpness of the malign humour, the bones do consume, the roof of the mouth and nose do fall, so that not one amongst a thousand escapeth miserable death. Whereupon, I considering these things, (and as I had found out some easy way for old folks, so being requested by many of my special friends, and divers other honest men, whose children were infected, to set out some certain method for the delivery of such young infants, who undeservedly were destroyed with this disease,) after long travail I found out 2. or 3. ways, the which in deed are good, but very painful, so that afterward, by mine own diligence, and diligent conference with some of the Doctors in chirurgery in Paris, I found out this way, which is most sure and easy, if it be done with good judgement, and with the method that followeth. First, if the Nurse be infected, the child shall be taken from her and nourished with other women's milk, or goats milk; otherwise, if either the Nurse be little infected, or else the child so young that it may not be so nourished, in that case purge the Nurse with Confection Hamech, using always good regime, like as ye have heard in the Chapter of electuary. She shall also use a decoction sudoriffick the space of three or four days, & after that, a decoction of Salsparil during the time of the cure, which should be three weeks or a month, using every day till the first six days be past, an ounce of my electuary, taking it in the morning, like as in the proper chapter, or else six grains of the powder Arabic, which shall be taken as ye have heard, continuing always till you perceive full eduction of the venom. In the mean ti●e, the child shall take a little syrup of Succory composed with Rhubarb; afterward, you shall make an ointment of Rosat Mesues, or such like, putting to a pound of it an ounce of Hydrargire, well prepared and extinguished, adding to it, half an ounce of Turpentine, and incorporating all together in form of lineament. This being done, you shall cause the Nurse or yourself, to rub the liske, which is the part between the thigh and the body, the first day. After that, rest a day or two, and rub the thighs a little: this will provoke a flux of the belly. Then rest two or three days, to the end the flux be not overviolent, and then rub a little the arms, resting thereupon 2. or 3. days again: next, the feet and legs, and rest 2. days: next, the back. Hear you must mark, that according as you perceive the working of the medicament, you must abstain sometimes 4. or 5. days between every friction, so that the flux of the belly must be entertained without violence, for if it were done every day, it would be both violent and dangerous. In this time the virulency of the venom shall avoid, yet will it render the child extreme weak, by reason of the great evacuation, and therefore it shall be most requisite to use this water following: Rec. Medullae Gaiaci, unc 2. Saisaparile unc 4. Macerentur p●r diem in libris 8. Aque fontanae, et fiat decoctio ad libras 6. in col. ponatur in alembico, addendo conseruae Buglossi, Borrag. Enule Campanae, Anthos. an vnc. 1. sem. Cardui Benedicti, Sumachi, Anis●, Cardomoni, an drag. 3. Mithridatij, opt. et Theriacis antiquae. an drag. 2. sem. Citri et Cort, citri conditi, an unc sem. Zach. albissimi. lib. sem. Cinam●mi, vnc. 1. dictillentur in balneo. M. Et sumet puer singulis diebus, cochlearia tria per diversas horas. By this means I have cured many of divers ages, and some that were not four months old. The time of the cure will be 15. or 20. days. It shall be well done every 6. or 8. days to purge the Nurse, so in this time the cure shall be performed in both persons.   

The 24. Chapter showeth the tokens of perfect health.  
AFter the general & particular cure of this disease, there remaineth some rest which tormenteth the body, and maketh the sickness recidive, yet sometimes very uneasy to be known, if the sick be perfectly cured: for this cause (as also to the end if any thing remaineth, you may give order for the taking away of the same) ye shall hear certain signs most assured of perfect health, and that nothing remaineth. The first and chief sign is the ceasing of the dolours both universal and particular, specially in the night, and the regeneration of that which was lost, as the hair & bones putrefied, desiccation of the ulcers, softening of the hard parts, and returning to the natural colour. In like manner, the appeasing of all the symptoms subject to that disease, helping of the members, as before, doing all wont actions without any impediment or hindrance. If these signs be certainly perceived, you may assure yourself that there remaineth nothing: and so we end this Treatise.    

The second Treatise showeth the way to cure the accidents of the Spanish sickness.  

The first Chapter.  
SEeing I have sufficiently showed in the former Treatise, of the curation of this disease, which generally happeneth throughout all the body, by the which all men that do profess any learning, and chiefly Chirurgeons, may easily cure the same. Now in like manner will I show the true cure of the accidents of this sickness, which ordinarily we call the Venerean sickness particular: yet of these there be also many sorts, for some go before the malady, and if it be not yet confirmed, some follow, & some happen in the cure, and some after the cure unperfectly performed. Of those which go before, which we call precedents or foreriders, is ulcers and cankors of divers fashions in the yard, burning of urine, Chaudpisses, Carnosities, Pulluines', and such like. Yet sometimes any of these may happen without the sickness. Those that follow, be pustuls and ulcers throughout all the body, chiefly in the secret parts, and also in the forehead, and divers other parts of the head, in the emunctories, in the mouth, throat, and fundament, falling of hair, dolours and nodosities of the joints. Those that happen in the cure, are lack of appetite and walking, ulcers in the mouth, intestins and conduit of urine, with divers others, which happeneth in divers manners, according unto the varieties of the ways of cure. Those that happen after the unperfect cure, make divers evil accidents, as the fixed grief of the whole head, or some part thereof: also of the legs, arms, and joints, nodosities, with putrefaction of the bones, deafness, defluxions of the eyes, filthy and creeping ulcers, Fissures, and Darters in the hands, feet, and divers other parts of the body, diminution of substance, so that the body becometh lean and atrified. Of these symtoms, some be cured by the general cure, but here we shall content us to speak of those which are cured by particular cure. If not by duly administering of proper remedies, the part affected becometh rebellious and obeyeth no remedies, the Patients are to be suspected to have great venenosity in the body: whereupon, for greater assurance, to save them from the universal sickness, I cause them to use every morning, of my electuary half an ounce; by that means, the evil humour doth avoid which did entertain the sickness, & so is healed easily. If it chance otherwise, it shall be well done to cause the sick to use good regime the space of 10. or 15. days, during the which time, ye shall use a decoction of Salsparil, or Gaiac, according to his temperature, and some lineament particular on the part affected, as also on the parts adjacents: the which lineament shall be composed of Axungie, rosat Mesues, or Butter, adding such quantity of Mercure as ye shall find expedient. By this linement and the decoction, ye shall have a great help in the cure.   

The second Chapter showeth the way to cure those ulcers that happen in the yard.  
Here we shall begin at the malign ulcers in the yard, which take their original by carnal conjunction, laying a part for this time, those that happen by divers other occasions, as by having to do with women in the time of their flowers, and also by the great confrication of some women that be strait & hot, the which for the most part may be healed of themselves, notwithstanding we shall speak of some part of them. Of those ulcers which be malign, some happen in the gland, called by the Latins, Balanus, and when they be most copious, they be least malign. Others happen in the Prepuce, which is the utter skin that covereth the gland. Those ulcers, for the most part be few in number, but more dangerous, sometimes complicked with virulency or corrosion, with blue or blackish colour, accompanied with callosity, & sometimes with filthiness or rottenness, & evil habitude of the body. All these accidents must be corrected, or else the ulcers cannot be healed, the which being neglected, in short space become cacoethick and malign.  
Some do end in gangrene or mortification, and then we are constrained to cure the whole member, or at the least, some portion thereof. For the which you may have recourse to my Chirurgie, Chapter of gangrene. Sometimes these ulcers do degenerate into Carcinomes, which if so happeneth, you may have recourse to the Chirurgie, Chapter of Carcinomes. It shall be well done, not to neglect the simplest ulcer in the yard. For oftentimes by the neglecting of the universal curation in the beginning, and using only some repercussive and astringent remedies, the disease is healed but for a time, so that afterwards it returneth within half a year, or a year, or two years, sooner or later, according to the habitude of the person diseased. I handled in Paris a Gentleman, who ten years afore had a simple ulcer in his yard, and being evil cured by source of repercussives, the venom did retire to the centre of the body. So after the ten years ulcers and pustuls appeared in his yard and at the perineum, the prostats and parastats became all putrefied, and in like manner the whole scrotum. So he died miserably, notwithstanding all remedies, as many do, when the humour virulent is retired and hidden long time in the body, the which may chance in old folks. For in such it consumeth inwardly before any appearance without. But to return to our purpose, for the curation of malign ulcers in the yard, we must use some light purgations, letting of blood, good regime, according to the temperature of the body, using also decoction of Gaiac and Salsparill, abstaining from all strong purgatious, also bleeding of the arm or any superior part, by reason that the strong medicines do revoke the humour to the centre of the body, the which nature would discharge by the ulcers, letting of blood in the arms, or any superior parts doth the same. So that if these things be not well observed, the general sickness followeth: for this cause the purgation shall be weak, and the letting of blood in the inferior parts, as in the legs or feet, also with such method that the part affected be not irrited. As for the simple ulcers, that be not malign, but come only by great rubbing on women that be hot, or by great violence on little Maids, or by some women that are over-straight, (which seldom happeneth) or by women that have their purgations, and such other as you have heard, we use only drying medicaments, and without mordication, like as powder of Tutia prepared, Terra Sigillata, burned lead, Bolus Vera, and such like. You shall put either of these alone, or divers together, mingled with some medicament, as Pompholix, Cerat Galen, ressat Mesue, oil Rosat. and apply it on the ulcer, it shall presently be healed, like as any other simple ulcers, being used after the same sort. If the ulcer be joined with some other evil affection or intemperie, the cure must begin at the taking away of the same. But by reason the evil temperie may be cold, hot, dry, or moist, we must diversify the remedies, according to the intemperie of the humour. And if the intemperie be hot, you shall use cold things, like as fomentation of juice of Plantin or water of the same, Nightshade, Knotgrass, Pastorspurse. These, or either of them shall be applied on the part, and about the part a cloth wet of Oxicrat, or Emplaster of Dyapalma, malaxed with oil Rosat. cerat Galen, Nutritum, de bolo, and divers others of like quality. If the temperie be cold, use things contrary, like as fomentation of Claret wine, in the which shall be sodden, Sage, Origanum, Time, Calaminte, marjoram, Fenell, Melilot, and such like. If the intemperie be very cold, add to it a little of Aquae-vitae. The dry intemperie is cured by fomenting the part with hot water, continuing till it groweth red, which shall humect it. If the intemperature be humid, it must be dried, as much as it aboundeth in moist. For there be some parts that be humid of themselves, & these must be more dried than other parts which be less moist. As for example the Balanus must be more dried than the prepuce that covereth it, by reason it is more humid. The intemperie being taken away, we come to the curation of the ulcer, for the which we diversify the remedy, according to the nature of the said ulcer. Then first you shall perceive if it be virulent, which is less suspected than the sordid. The ulcers virulent and corrosives do proceed of corrupted bilious humour, the which taketh the origine from the ulcers which are in the conduits of women, being irrited either by great confrication, or else by some venom in the capacity of the matrix, which newly hath been received by some man infected with Gonorrhoea Virulent, or ulcer in the yard, the which humour being rendered more malign and adherent, sticketh presently to the porosities of the yard, and thereupon falleth a great heat and dolour pricking and corrodent, which ulcereth the part, the colour whereof is yellow towards the midst, the borders be pale or red, the figures unequals. For the curation of the which, first you shall order good regime, purgations, letting of blood, observing always such cautions, as you have heard, avoiding to use no medicine that be of faculty repercussive, for in these we must take heed that we should not chase the humours to the noble parts, or to any other part: for nature sending that way, if you put it back with repercussive medicaments, undoubtedly the Spanish sickness will follow. Therefore you shall hold from the part affected, (as also from other parts near to it) remedies repercussives, for such reasons as you have heard. In the beginning use such as have the force to dull the arcimonie of the humour, like as to touch it with water of Sublimat, or strong water, or the blue water, which is commonly used, or powder of Mercury, or a little of my powder set down in The Poor man's guide, called pulvis Neapolitanus, most excellent for divers ulcers. That being done, you shall provoke the fall of the Escare, the which shall be done by the application of these remedies, like as Unguent Basilicon, Butter, Muscilages of the seed of both Mallows, and of Line, and such like. Yet beware that the over great usage of these remedies should not render the ulcers filthy and rotten. Also have care of the body, for if it be plethoric or cacochimick, the acrimony of these remedies may irrit the ulcers, and so cause them to degenerate in. Ulcers, Maligns, Gangrenes, and Carcinomes. Therefore if you perceive the ulcers irrited by the venenosity of the humour, so that there be no remedy, make a particular rubbing on the adjacent parts, composed of things that have the virtue to resolve, heat, and consume, but always you must mingle with it a little of Mercure well prepared. For the same effect you may use particular perfumes and suffumigations: such as is set down in the Chapter of perfumes. Then the malice being corrected, and the virulent humour digered, and become white and thick, which are signs of good nature, mundify the ulcer, and dry it with proper medicaments, as with powder of Aloe, Thus, Sarcocolle, Mirth, burnt Lead, Pompholix, the which you may use alone, or mingled with some ointment, as Pompholix, Album Rasis, Desiccatinum Rubenum, or this, Recipe battature eris, & eris combusti, vnc. 1, terre sigillate, vnc. 3, olei Mastic. et Cidon. vnc. 2, fiat unguentum. If by the usage of these remedies the vicers heal not, be assured that the body is overcharged with humours, and that the general disease will follow. Therefore when you perceive such things, cause the sick to use of my confection, the space of 15, days with a decoction of Salsparill or Chine, according unto the temperature. When the ulcer is between the Prepuce and Balanus, it causeth sometime such inflammation and tumour in the Prepuce, that hardly or not at all the Glande can be discovered, to see those ulcers, and then in stead of Emplasters and Unguents we use distilled waters, collires, decoctions, whereof we make injections with syrinxes or other ways. Nevertheless those things must be composed according to the disposition of the malady, either to cleanse, resolve, soften, or dry. The injections being so composed, you shall use refrenants, like as juices of herbs, Oxicrat, Cerat Gallien, unguentum Nutritum. Afterward cleanse the ulcers with scouring waters, like as Plantine, Eupatory, Wormwood mingled with Syrup of Absint, or of Roses, or of Honey, or a little of Egiptiac. Otherways this that followeth, which is both cleansing & drying. Recipe vini albi lib. 1, Aquar. Ros. & Plantag. an quartam unam, Auripigm. drag. 2, Virid. aris drag. 1, Aloes & Mirrhae ser. 2, terrantur subtilissime & fiat Collirium. So by the usage of these remedies the ulcers shall be cleansed and dried.   

The 3, Chap. showeth the way to cure the Venerean Bubons, which are commonly called Pullains.  
THE body being oppressed by this venom and chiefly the Liver, nature doth force itself by the virtue expultrice of the said Liver, to cast out that which is hurtful on the parts most weak of our body, which are the little glans betwixt the thigh and the body, whereof certain biles and apostumes do proceed, commonly called Pullains or Bubons, the which for the most part, are cold tumours, of a matter thick and vicious, and are long in opening. There be other that proceed of humour hot and sharp in these parts, which doth make great tumour, with great inflammation accompanied with extreme pain. These do open sooner. Now of these tumours some appear near the glands, some in the membrance that covereth the glands, & some in their proper substance, and of these some do aposteme, others not, and some degenerate in ulcers virulens and corrosives; the which are healed by the general cure, some are cured by particular cure, some retire to the internal parts, and are simptoms, precedents, or forreyders to the general disease, like as oft we see. As for the curation of those tumours, first the regime universal must be duly observed in the six unnatural things, abstaining from such things as be contrary, according unto that which you have heard in the general chapter of the former treatise: purge lightly with some such things which shall only purge the first veins, and help nature to chase the evil humours to the Emunctories. Beware of strong purgations, for they revoke the humour to the centre of the body, and the letting of blood in the arm doth the same effect. Therefore use only such medicines as do meekly purge, and let only blood in the leg or foot. As for the topical remedies, they shall be neither resolutive nor repercussive, as some do, by reason that the resolutive do only consume the more subtle, and the thicker doth remain, which is cause afterward of the universal sickness, and the repercussive do reverberat those malign and venomous humours into the inward parts, whereby the universal sickness may also be caused. Therefore thou shalt abstain from such things, causing the sick to make light exercise, for that maketh the humours descend and avoid more easily. Also for the provocation of the same, ye shall apply ventouses and drawing medicaments, according unto the nature of the humour. Nevertheless, begin at things more weak, by reason that all sudden and violent motions are hurtful and dangerous to nature, by making sudden or violent attraction, as also for that the tenuity of the attractives may make evacuation of a part, the rest may irrit, & not obey the attractives. For this cause, ye shall mingle with the attractives some emplaistrick medicament, which shall be made in this form following: Rec. Ficuum pinguinum, num. 6. Passular. mundatar. unc sem. Rad. Althaeae, et Brionae an unc. 1. Coquantur & add cappar. sub cineribus coctor. capitum lilior. albor. an unc. 3. Cum fermento, sale, et vitellis over. vel Axungia, et fiat Cataplasmum. If ye think good, to mingle therewith Gum ammoniac, Galbanum, Bdellium, & Oppopanax, it shall be well. For the same purpose ye may use the emplaster Diachilon magnum cum Gummis, Apostolicum Nicolai, de Melileto. This being done, and the humour drawn to a circonference, it shall be necessary to use some suppurative medicaments, as this, Rec. rad. Althaeae, et Lilior. an unc 3. Fel. Maluae, Bismaluae, Parietariae et Violar. sub Prunis coctar. an unc 1. Coquantur et terrantur, addendo axungiae porci, vel Buturi sine sale, unc 3. Oleor. Lilior. & Violar. an unc 2. Vitellos anor. duos, et formetur Cataplasma, the which if ye esteem not strong enough, use this, Rec. Rad. Lilior. Brionae, Althaeae, figilli beatae Mariae, an unc 1. sem. Lapathi, Cepar, et allior. sub Prunis coctor. an unc 2. Coquantur, et conterrantur, addendo axungiae porci, anseris, Gallinae, an unc 1. Gummi Ammoniaci, & Galbani in aceto dissoluti, an drag. sem. Olei Lilior. et Lumbricor. an unc sem. Fermenti acerrine, unc 1. fiat Cataplasma. With these things, and other such like remedies, ye shall continue till such time the humour come to full ripeness, in the usage whereof, ye shall put always an Emplaster of Basilicon, the breadth of a groat, and apply it on the part more imminent under the Cataplasma.  
Then the perfect maturation being done, it may be opened three ways, to wit, by the Lancet, by the Cautere actual, and by the Cautere potential, the which apertion must be made according to the rectitude of the Fibres and that shall be done by the potential Cautere, by reason that the hear thereof helpeth the suppuration of the cold humour. Make good opening, to the effect the thick humour contained may avoid more easily. Defer not long the apertion, by reason that oftentimes, the matter contained, lifteth up vapours of the same nature to the noble parts, & the long stay maketh the humours take their course to the centre of the body, causing thereby the general sickness, the which if you perceive, apply attractives, and do what you can to comfort and corroborate the noble parts, using also good regime. For by these means, nature putteth the humours forth, either in the same place, or in the emunctories of the heart, as I have seen in one that I have cured, to whom these accidents did happen. The suppuration and the opening made, as it ought to be, ye shall produce the fall of the Escare, either by fresh Butter, Axungie, or Basilicon, or common digestive. Afterward, mundify and cicatrise the ulcer, as in others. That being done, purge well the body, and let blood also, according unto the habitude. If it happeneth that the ulcers suppure not well, but remains hard, tumified, and sordid, the borders turned over, resisting all common remedies, you shall judge the sickness to follow: whereupon you shall use good regime for a certain space, with decoction of Gaiac, and some other medicament, to corroborate the noble parts, to the end they may the better chase forth that which is hurtful: the which if all be not sufficient, we come to the general cure of the disease, and this is the order that ye shall use in the curation of these tumours.   

The 4. Chapter showeth the way to cure the Chaudepisse Virulent, called Stranguria Virulenta.  
I Have here determined to speak of the flux spermatic and Gonorrhoea, virulent or Chaudepisse, which is moved by the contagion of those that are infected with that venerean venom. Chaudepisse is an inflammation of the glands prostates and parastates, situate in the beginning of the neck of the bladder, the which are proper nulls to the sperm, before it be cast forth. But Chaudepisse or Gonorrhoea virulent, differeth somewhat from Gonorrhoea not virulent, because (as saith Galen,) De locis affectis. Gonorrhoea, is an involentarie emission of the sperm, without either putrefaction or ulcers, but in the Chaud●pisse virulent, is a continual extension of the yard, with retraction of the same: in like manner, emission not only of the sperm as is in the ulcers, but also of humours putrid. Nevertheless, it shall not be amiss to speak somewhat of Gonorrhoea not virulent, because it hath some affinity with the other, as also because they happen both in those parts. Whereof there is two sorts, to wit, that which is done by repletion, and that which is done by inanition. By repsetion, as those that have great abundance of sperm, the which sometime nature of herself doth expel for to be discharged, and sometimes it may be dissolved against the heat of the sun, and by setting the back long against a hot fire, & also by riding a trotting horse, as by all other motions excalefactives. which inflame those parts, and make fluxion, and sometime by the usage of Beer and all foods vaporous, thick, and vicious, the which make inflammation, and do cause attraction of humours: in like manner, by pain and weakness of the part, which receiveth not only the seed, but also the evil humours of the parts adjacents, the which putrefy & follow continually by the yard. Sometime, (as saith Arnaldus,) it may happen, that it Apostumeth by reason of the great abundance of humour, which do putrefy the prostates, and that without any outward appearance, as I proved in Paris in a Turk, bondslave to the Ambassador of Spain, who had such a flux for plenitude and lack of woman's help, of the which came dolours intolerable inwardly and outwardly, with two great ulcers in the perinium, & suppression of urine, the which accident happened to this man two sundry times in three years. It is sometime accompanied with great inflammation of one part of the Scrotum, sometimes it suppureth, otherwhiles it resolveth, which happeneth seldom. When this happeneth, neither is the erection of the yard dolorous, nor the making of water, by reason that seldom chanceth ulcers in the conduit of the urine, as also little habitation with women, which might have brought the matter that way, & excoriat those parts, by the acrimony and putrefaction. So by this and divers other considerations, we may clearly know, that the seed must be evacuated, either by ordinory means or extraordinary, or else it becometh putrefied, and put forth by some Apostume, otherwise it remaineth within, of the which come many grievous maladies.  
The second kind of Gonorrhoea not virulent, is done by inanition, and happeneth oft to those who do think profoundly of love, or that have fine wives, or else that the vessels spermatical have received some stroke, or by sitting upon cold stones, also by rubbing with cold lineaments, by falls and strokes upon the loins, by over hot baths, for by all these the vessels are rendered weak. Furthermore the sperm being over sharp and thin, doth likewise sometime cause that accident, which may also be caused by having oversoon used the act venerean. All these make heat and inflammation in those parts, whereby happeneth attraction of the humour, which being drawn, passeth continually, partly by the heat, and partly by the weakness of the virtues retentrices of the said parts. So that oftentimes it passeth sanguinolent, half elabred, being sometimes pure blood, the which maketh men become Ethick and Tabids, so bringeth death to many of them, by reason of the great and continual evacuation of the vital spirits which pass with the seed. So that in no way this is to be neglected. Sometimes this happeneth to men for one of these three causes, the which are all but frivolous. The first is to appease the great appetite of that carnal love which they bear to their wives, not having their minds occupied in any affairs, but in those vanities, & such men are better willing than their ability sufficeth. Secondly they do it to vaunt their selves, to be so mighty in the action that no man can approach them, & this is a foolish vaunt without profit: nay it is very hurtful to the body. Thirdly they do it for the great affection that they have to get children, thinking by oft using their wives, that they shall sooner procreate, wherein they are much deceived. For not giving leisure to the seed to be sufficiently elabored, so that it is no more profitable than water, for that effect. There be two properties which the good seed ought to have, as I have amply set down in the Treatise of The sickness of women, in the Chapter of the causes, and the cure of sterility. First, there must be a reasonable quantity of the seed: next it must be well digested, gluent, and full of spirits, the which two points faileth in those that return to it so oft. For neither have they quantity, nor give they leisure to digest the same. So that they prove fools, to ruin their bodies without either honour or profit. This sickness is called in our tongue the Reples, for the curation whereof, (as also of Satyriasis & Priapismus) you shall hear at length in the Treatise called The poor man's guide. But to return to our purpose, the Gonorrhoea or Chaudepisse virulent, the which is done by some venomous spirit that infecteth those parts: The cause is by having to do with women that are unclean, whereby men get the infection of that venenosity which hath assoped and infected such parts. The simptoms are extreme dolour in making water by the acrimony of the humour, which maketh erosion and ulcers, chiefly in the prostats, and also near the balhnus or gland, by reason of the sympathy, that these parts have one with an other, and great pain in the erection of the yard, which maketh contraction of the same. Of the which doth often follow the general sickness, and that oft by their own negligence, neglecting the remedies, thinking that by suffering the same run a long time, the humour venomous should be evacuated, not thinking that the venenosity doth always augment itself by the acrimony of the humour, which doth communicate to the noble parts, or at the least doth degenerate into malign ulcers in those parts, which be very difficult to heal. Which accidents do also happen sometimes by carnosities in the yard, hindering the urine to pass, so that oft cometh death, if sudden order be not taken. As for the cure of Gonorrhoea virulent, the universal things must be observed according to the habitude of the body. Beware either of strong drink, or of strong purgation, or bleeding in the 〈◊〉 lest you revoke the venom to the noble parts. Keep good regime, and abstain 〈…〉 strong drink, all hot meats, and such as you have heard of before, as all things that have virtue to hear the blood. It shall be well done, to use decoction of Salsparill and Chine, and also the remedy that here followeth, which hath the virtue to open, & make education of the humour that followeth, as also to cleanse and lose. Recipe terehent veneta drag. 3, lavetur in aqua s Cabiosae & Cicorei pull. liquerit. drag sem Rhubarb. scr. 2, formentur pilulae. Let the Patient take it all at once in the morning, and repeat it every day till the acrimony of the humour be passed, using sometimes drag. 6, or unc, 1, of Casse. Also Emulsions, which shall be composed after this form that followeth. Recipe seminum srigid. maiorum an drag. 2, Amigdal, dull unc. sem, aquarum Port●lacae, & Plantag. ana vnc. 2, decoct. liquerit. lib. 1, sir. viol. e●iuiubus, ana vnc. 1, sem. Let him use this every day day, morning and evening. Also he shall use this remedy most sovereign for his purpose, which hath the virtue both to consume the venom, to cleanse and cicatrise the part which is ulcered, made after this form, Recipe Carabis & ossis sepiae and drag. 6, Salsaeparillae recentis, Cortic● Gaiaci, Ligni Rhodij, Santali Citrini, Ligni Aloes, ana drag. 2, inedulae 4, seminum maior. frigidor. & sem Carthami an drag, 1, Rhubarb. drag. 2, sem, Cinam●mi, Macis, Flor. Cordialium, an scr. 2, Hidrarg. Despumati, drag sem. Pul. Dianisi & Diambrae, Ras. Eboris, cornu cerui non usti an drag. 2. farinae hordei Biscoctae drag 6, terebent. q. s. fiat Massa Pilular. Capiat drag 1, singulis matutinis per 3, horas ante iusculum. So he shall continue to the perfect curation. Moreover for the same purpose he may use 20, or 30, grains of the powder Arabica, taking of it four times six grains every time. As for the topical remedies we must use no repercussive, for such cause as you have heard. Use only such remedies as have the virtue to dull the malice of the humour, whereof injections shall be made, as this that followeth. Recipe Buglossi, Borrag, Scabiosae, Rosar. an M. 1, rasurie medul. ligni sancti vnc. 1, macerentur per 24, horas in decoct. herbar. predictar. Hidrargiri bene extincti & cum theriaca dissoliti drag 2, Distillr. in balneo M. & usui seruentur. If this causeth pain or heat, you may use in the beginning such things as have the virtue to obtund the dolour, like as these Muscilages that follow. Recipe Muscilag. sem maluae, Lactucae, Psillij, Cydonior. & Lini, extractae in aquis Bismaluae & Rosar. unc. 3. If the temperature be cold, apply the Emplaster of Vigo cum Mercurio on the Perineum, and rub those parts, as also the Scrotum with the Rosat M●sues, wherewith shall be incorporate a little of Fugitive. The dose shall be according unto vnc. 2, of Fugitive in the pound of the rest. If the temperature be hot and bilious, use Ceratum Sendalinum on those parts to hinder the inflammation. But because by communication the kidneys be sometime inflamed, and in that, we do anoint these parts with Oxirhodinum, or Ceratum Refrigerans Galeni, and also this lineament which followeth. Recipe Axungi● Galiinae recentis sexies lotae in aquae Rosatij Aquae Violariae vnc. 2, vel 3, olei de papavare & Muscilag sem. Psillij extractae in aqua Lactucae an vnc. 1, succi umbilici veneris & semperuinis minoris vel maiorit ana unc. sem Camphorae drag sem cere q. s. fiat linimentum. For the same purpose in broad plattine or blade of Lead, being rubbed with Quicksilver, & applied to the loins. Then after we have used these remedies a certain space, to obtund the vehemency of the venom we come to injections detersives, which shall be made of the water above written, so that you mingle with it a little of syrup of Roses, or Honey, or Absint, using always the lineament on the region of the kidneys and perineum. If this injection doth not cleanse sufficiently, you shall add to five ounces of it, two drams of Egiptiack, so being mundified, you shall pass to remedies desiccatives, & Cicatrisents composed of decoction of Plantine, Solanum, Bursapastoris, of each a little, and boil them in Smith's water, thereafter strain it through a cloth, & put to it a little of Terrasigil. or Vitrioli Albi, or Albi Rasis with a little of syrup of Absint. Sometimes the kidneys are offended, the which if so be, they remain so without any curing. These be for the most part the simptoms that happen to this disease, the which are both maligns, cacoethick, and difficult to heal. Yet the general sickness doth not always follow. There happeneth oftentimes vehement dolour in the parts affected, for the which evacuat the body, and use lineaments anodius of Axungia humana, Auseris, & Galline, ana vnc. 1, ss. Hidrarg. preparati drag. 3, fiat linimentum. Also a Cataplasm of Medulla Panis Tritici in lact cocti, and divers others of like virtue, after the method composed, as ye shall hear more at large in my forenamed chirurgery Teatise of Remedies for the same.   

The fift Chapter. Of the carnosity or exerescence of flesh that happeneth in the wand or yard.  
THIS which we call carnosity, is an excrescence of the flesh, which groweth in the conduit of urine, or channel of the wand or yard, the which happeneth by reason of some ulcers, or excoriation in those parts, caused by acrimony of humour and urine: the which corrodeth and ulcereth the passage of urine in men, & the neck of the matrix in women, of the which come most grievous sicknesses, and oftentimes death, if that the learned and skilful Chirurgeon give not the better order for the curation hereof, which shall consist in remedies universal and particular, as also medicaments. Cathareticks, which be most proper for the consumption of the flesh. Yet in the applying of the same, there must be good judgement used, by reason that the parts about it be soft and delicate, and so easy to excoriat, also very sensible and dolorous. For this cause, first of all we must well consider if the Caruncle be old or recent, for being old, oftentimes it happeneth that they be so hard that the medicaments cannot work effectually. Then must the body be prepared by universal remedies, as ye have heard in the former Treatise, because the body being full of humours, the using of hot medicaments, such as are the Cathereticks, make easily new fluxions on the part affected. Next, we must soften the carnosity inwardly, with injections which have the virtue to soften, as this following.  
Take roots of Althaea, leaves of Mallows, & wild Mallows, parietary, Mercurial; and such like. Make a decoction in water or milk, of the which make injections in the yard. Outwardly we make fomentations with the same decoction, adding to it fat figs, sem. lini et Fenugreci, with a little of Spodium. Also in stead of the fomentation, make a Semicupium, wherein ye shall bathe those parts a certain space, and dry them well afterward. Ye shall make an embrocation or linement of Axungia humana, Gallinacea, Ceruina, Vaccina, Vitulina, cum Gummis Galbani, Ammoniaci et Bilelij, et olei Lumbri●●● Camomille, et Amygdalar. dulcium. That being done, apply the Emplaster of Vigo sine Mercurio, in oleo Liliaceo, et irino dissolutum, or in place of that, Ceratum Philippi, Philaggrij, or Dyalthea: so continue with these and such like, till such time the carnosity be softened, and brought to the quality of the recent: the which being done, you shall have a wax-candle for the purpose, rub it with a little of rosat Mesues, or syrup of dry Roses, and minge therewith a little of the powder of Sabine. If that the candle may not pass, we use an instrument of Lead, made in the same form, which may be put in more rudely, always being rubbed with Quicksilver, chiefly in the part of the carnosity. In people that be robust, I have used for the consumption of the flesh, rosat Mesues incorpored with a little of Sublimat, of the which I have found good success; also this that followeth. Take a little of Orpiment, the shells of Eggs burned, the shells of Muscles put into very small powder, and mingle it with rosat Mesues, Cerat Galen, or a little of Oil of sweet Almonds. This remedy following is very good for tender people. Take Pompholix well washed with water of Plantine, mingle with the same a little of the powder of Sabine, and put on the little wax-candle. If for the usage of these remedies, dolours or inflammation do happen, or if the carnosity be consumed, ye shall use this water following, which is most excellent, both for the appeasing of all dolours, and also for drying. Roc. Album on●r. q. s. Agitentur diu, deinde excipiatur illa aqua, qua remanet, posea mitte aquam Plantag. et ros. bis tantum quantum ex ovis Camphora par. Viridis eris parum. These being so incorporate altogether, it shall be passed three or four times through a cloth, and then put it up in Glasses for your use. It is excellent for divers things, but chiefly for the ci●atriring of these ulcers, which come of carnosities. In the end of the cure it shall be requisite to purge the body, to the end it may be well cleansed of all the venom that may happen. So by dealing these ways thou shalt have good success. In the mean time you may do well to use of my consection some six or eight days, for it is most excellent and necessary for this purpose, as I have often proved.   

The sixth Chapter. Of the swelling of the bones, which are called Tophes and Nodosities.  
IN this place I shall speak of certain tumours, which do occupy the bones, commonly called Tophes, or swelling of the bones. These swellings for the most part be engendered of an humour petuitous, thick, tardive, and viscous: soaked in, not only in the parts near the bones, but also in the proper substance of itself, sometime on the Periost, which is the membrane that covereth the bone. Sometimes, the bone doth rot, and then the cure is more difficult and long. Nevertheless, whether there be corruption or not, you shall hear the true cure in few words. First and foremost, if you find tumour without corruption in the bone, and done by malady, ye shall cure it after the general method, and by the application of the emplasters of john de Vigo, cum duplici aut triplici Mercurio. If it come by deposition, and the tumour very great, it shall be cured after this form following. Rec. Radicum Altheae, Brjoinae, Cucumeris agrestis, tenuiter inscisar. at mundatar. an unc 1, sem. Folior. maluae, bismaluae, Pariecarie, Mercurialis, et Enulae Campanae, an m. 1. Flor. et Folior. Cammomillaes, et Meleloti, Rosar. et Anethi, an unc, 2, Seminis Altheae, lini et foenugreci, an unc sem, fiat omnium decoctio in s. q. aquae, quae seruitur pro fotu, cum spongis, vel filtro ad ruberem usque.  
After the fomentation use this that followeth: Rec. unguenti ros. Mesues, unc 3. Fugitivi exticti, et preparati ut decet, drag, 6, Agitentur simul, et fiat linementum. That being done, use the emplaster of joh. de Vigo, unc 1, sem. Emplastri filii Zacchari, unc 1. Argenti vivi, drag. 3. fiat emplastrum extensum super aluten. It shall be well done to mingle with it a little of Ireatum, as counseleth Francantianus. Thus by the usage of these remedies, with a just form of diet, the sick shall be healed perfectly. Now, if there be corruption in the bone, notwithstanding the universal cure which shall proceed, we must come to another form of cure particular, whether it be in the legs or arms, in the crane, in the nose, or in the roof of the mouth. Take good heed to the corruption which happeneth in the nose or mouth, by reason that those bones are spongeous of themselves, & by that means doth easily corrupt and fall, and then the sick shall feel dolour, and speak always in the nose. Also that which he taketh by the mouth, for the most part doth come forth by the nose, specially things that be licquid. Then for the curation of these corruptions, we must first discover the bone, either by Razor or medicament caustic. Afterward, touch it with the Cautere actual, or hot iron, or with oil of Vitriol, or of Sulphur, but always the Cautere actual is the most sure. It worketh suddenly, corroborateth the part, and consumeth the malign humour, and doth in short space, provoke the separation and falling of the bone putrefied: therefore for this purpose we must have Cauteres of divers sorts, as some round, some incisives, some long, some pointed, some triangles, according to the figure of the bone. The first must be incisive, called Culteller, the next round or long, as ye shall find expedient: and being made red hot, ye shall rub the bone, till such time as ye perceive the most part of the humidity and purrefaction to be consumed. This being done, you must apply medicaments anodynes, and such as have virtue to provoke the fall of the scar, as things unctuous, like as is Butter, yolks of Eggs, mingled with oil of Roses or Violets, or some unguent suppurative. The scar being fallen, it must be mundified with this remedy. Recipe Therebint, Venetae lotae, unc 4. Farinae hordei, & Orobi an drag. 2. syr. de Absitio, Mel ros. an drag, 1, Myrrh, et Ireos Florent. an drag. 1, misceantur. The part being cleansed, ye shall apply dry medicaments, the which drieth without biting, and use of this powder that followeth, the which is of great force: Recip. Aristol. Myrrh, Cerusae, Plombini usti saepiens in Aqua vitae, loti an dram 2. Pul. Ostreor. combustor unc. sem. Terant tenuissime. This powder is excellent, being put on the sore. It causeth to separate the rotten bones from the whole: yet is it not the best way to pull the rotten bone by force from the whole, like as we do in those which are rotten because extern, but rather let it fall of itself: notwithstanding, forget not sometime to shake the same, for by that means it will fall away the sooner. You shall know when it will separate by the coming ●oo●th of the blood. Nature before it doth separate the corrupted from the whole, engendereth a certain flesh upon the whole bone, to the end that when the corrupted doth fall, the air shall not alter the whole, the which is a great providence of nature. If it be long in separating, it shall be well done to boar the rotten bone in divers places, till such time as ye see the blood to come forth at ●hose holes. Nature doth help by the transpiration, to engender that flesh which causeth it to separate the sooner. For the generation of that which is lost, the foresaid powders be very good, if there be mingled with them syrup of Roses, or of Absint: and after all is well regenered as it ought, you shall consolide & cicatrice the ulcers, like as in all other ulcers.   

The 7, Chapter of the Warts that come on the extremity of the yard, betwixt the prepuce and balanus.  
THere happeneth oftentimes certain little excressence of flesh like Warts betwixt the gland and prepuce, of the which there are two sorts. The one proceedeth of the venerean sickness, the other not: yet neither of them both for the most part dolorous, but very much troublesome, by reason of the great number of them. The cause of such as are venomous is the evil indisposition of women accompanied with some infection. Those which are not venomous happen by having to do with women in the time of their purgations, of the which happeneth not only that, but also many other grievous diseases both to the men, & also the children, which are conceived at that time, for either they become Leapors universally, or some particular part, which we call Elephanciasis particular, or if this happen not, yet the child is always sickly, and of short life: for this and divers other causes it was forbidden in the 18, Chapter of Leviticus to use the company of women at that time. But to return to our putpose for the curing of these parts, whether they happen of the venerean sickness or otherwise, we must first consider whether they be recent and soft, or inveterate and hard, as sometime it happeneth. If hard and inveterat, they must be softened by such remedies as you have heard in the Chapter of carnosity, and being softened, they must be consumed with powder of Sabine and Ochre well pulverised with an Emplaster of Cerus and a little Quicksilver: being consumed, use for the cicatrizing such as you have heard in carnosity. Our Ancients, and chiefly Aetius, did cure them by caustic medicaments, the which are cruel, and not in use amongst us. I have often cut them with the shears, afterward consumed them with powder Allumenus or water of the same, if they be very great, I knit them as well betwixt the perpuce and gland, as also without the prepuce. Touching which, I will recite a rare history, which happened to me in Paris in time of the last troubles. A certain Noble man of Spain having on the side of the prepuce exterieure, a cressence of the quantity of a great plum, and when the erection of the yard was, it waxed as bog as a tennis ball, so that he could never accompany with any woman, in such sort that no Chirurgeon neither in Spain nor Italy would take it in hand, at last he sent for me, and after I had considered thereof, I used remedies rosolutives for a time, but finding small profit thereby, I did knit it in the presence of monsieur Le Fort, and monsieur Pineau, Doctors in Chirurgie, and healed it with good success: after the same manner, you may cure all such warts, which happen in any part.   

The 8, Chapter of falling of the hair.  
OFtentimes of this sickness cometh falling of the hair of the head, beard, and brows with great deformity, for which we must give order, both to take away the cause, and also to bring new hair. The cause of this simptom is either that the aliment, wherewith the hair is nourished, is corrupted and consumed, or that the skin is dried and pressed together, so that it may not engender that aliment fuliginous, whereby the hair is engendered and nourished. For the cure we must evacust the evil humour generally through all the body, or at least of the parts affected, which may be done two ways, to wit exterior and interior. Interior by masticators to provoke spitting, as Pereter, Mastic, Pepper, after which we use exterior medicines, to cause the head to sweat, by laying many clothes on the Patient, I find no remedy better for it, than by a hot house, or the reflex of heat which goeth from the fornis to the place where the head shall lie. If after evacuation the body be infected, there must be general evacuation for that purpose, & herein you shall use the decoction of Salsparill and Gaiac for the space of 15, days, with a little of my confection every day, which is sufficient to evacuat the humour, which offendeth. After this provoke new hair where it wanteth, which may be done sundry ways, yet somewhat painful, for the which I will impart unto you a very rare secret for growing of hair, and of great value, which I have used in helping of divers great men, when all their hair hath been fallen, and within a short space it grew again by help of this remedy, made after this manner. Take the roots & leaves of Mallows put of them in a still one bed, than a bed of Honney, and so forth, one bed of them, and an other of Honney, till the still be full. In the mean time you shall cut two or three Horseleeches small and mingle therewith, afterward distill all with a very soft fire, then distill that water again in Balmo Marie, and let it stand in the Sun the space of 15, days, afterward rub the parts most void of hair with that liquor 5, or 6, times a day. Also this remedy is very well set down by Fumanellus, which is, Recipe apes crematas cum melleque commixtas et locum superponito. Or this Unguent. Recipe apum vistarum, Adianti Vsti, Olei Rosati, quantum sufficit, et fiat unguentum. Or this that followeth written by Marinellus. Recipe cineris cicadarum ustarum, cineris apum ustarum, Olei Myrtini, vel Axungiae, quantum sufficit, must et fiat unguentum. Or this, Re. stercorum murium, et apum ana unc. ss. Vnguenti Populeonis unc. ss. mist et fiat unguentum, de quo ungatur locus, sed prius removeantur crines. So by the usage of these remedies, the hair shall easily-come again.   

The 9, Chapter of Darters which happen in divers parts of the body.  
OFtentimes after the universal cure of this sickness, there cometh in the face and palms of the hands, feet, and through all the body certain chaps and dry ulcers, which oftentimes are very large, and are commonly called Darters or Fissures setpiginous, which sometime be dolorious, other whiles not, the parts where they are, be more thick and dry, than the nature of the place is, and in rubbing of the part you shall perceive white things like beaten sugar. The cause of the which is a salt pituitous humour and choleric, burnt by the intemperate heat of the liver joined with some venomous humour, which riseth in the part, as chanceth to them, who have used too hot medicines in the cure of the general disease, or else because there remaineth some little portion of the venom in the body, the which is sent to the external parts at such certain times of the year, as the humour reigneth. For the cure hereof it is somewhat hard, chiefly being inveterate, by reason that the liver is affected, yet for the extirpation of the same, in so much as may be, we give first order for the intemperie of the liver, as well by purgations and bleeding, as Apozemes and Opiates, or Conserves to corroborat the liver and rectify the blood. The particular remedies shall be in things that soften with some astriction, like as water of Allom or Sublimate, or this which followeth: Rec. Aquae Maluarum, Branci ursini, Lapathi, an unc. ss. aquae Alcumistarum, unc ss. 〈◊〉 all these well together, and rub the place affected.  
As for that which is inveterate, we must use perfumes and lineaments after the form ye have already heard, having always consideration of the person and time, as ye likewise often heard before: for it is not only sufficient for the Chirurgeon to know the remedies, but he must also know the way to use them, according as precepts of Art do command. For the same purpose this unguent following is very good. Take goats Grease, Ceruse of Venice, or a little powder of Vermilion, and rub the parts. Notwithstanding all these remedies, they are sometimes so difficult to heal, that we are constrained to use the general remedy to bring them to a perfect curation.   

The 10. Chapter. Of ulcers in the mouth.  
THese ulcers and inflammations which come in the mouth and throat, happen by the motion of the venom to those parts, and not by the unguents, and perfumes, as some late Writers have affirmed. Howsoever they happen, they must be cured after this manner following, which differeth somewhat from the curation of other ulcers, for we must in no wise use repercussives, although there be some inflammation. First, we must use anodine medicaments, as well to mitigate the great pain, if any be, which commonly happeneth through the acrimony of the humour, as also to purge the gross humour, which cleaveth to the internal parts of the mouth, which augmenteth the ulcers. This shall be either done with milk, or decoction of Barley, mingling therewith a little syrup of Violets, which must be holden a certain space in the mouth, to mitigate the pain. Also the Mussilages of Maluae, Althae, Lini, Spilij, et fenugreci extracti in aqua hordei, parietary, et maluae. Beware always in the beginning to use things too much cleansing, for it causeth dolour: sometimes by the great fluction the parts are so swollen by the abundance of the humour, in such sort that the spirits are suffocated, and cannot show themselves; whereby there comes often mortification and gangrene, which when it happeneth, we use astringent medicines, as Decoctionis Hordei, Platage, Bursae Pastoris, Solani, cum Siro: Rosarum, et Violarum, Papaveris et Hyosiami, you may likewise use this decoction detersive. Recipe hordei mundi Ma. 1, Buliant in suffiente quantetate aquae ad consumptionem mediae partis, deinde add mellis vel siropi Rosati, unc. duas, if the putrefaction be great and this remedy not sufficient, we add unto it a little Calcantum, Aegiptiacum: or this which follows. Recipe Decoctionis, Hordaei, Plantagenis, Pimpinellae, Agramoniae, Rosarum, an. lib. 1, deinde dissolve mellis Rosati et Diamoron an. unc. ss. And make a gargarism, the ulcer being cleansed, and the putrefaction stayed, we add man.. 1, of the herb called Cauda Equina, to the decoction of Barley above specified. Aquae Ferratae et Plantagenis an. lib. ss. Allumenis Rochei drag. 8, coquantur omnia simul ad codsumtionem mediae partis, and with this decoction wash the mouth 3, or 4, times a day, than the ulcers being dried and the simptoms ceased, you shall purge the body gently, because that often times a little corruption remaining in the body the sickness is resedive, that being done we use perfumes of herbs, like as you have heard in the Chapter of perfumes, for that hath the virtue to expel that which is offensive, and also to corroborat the parts, and to close the pores and conduits of the skin.   
FINIS.