A TRUE COPY OF THE ADMONITIONS SENT BY THE SVBdued Provinces to the States of Holland: and the Hollanders answer to the same.  
TOGETHER WITH THE ARTICLES of Peace concluded between the high and mighty Princes, PHILIP by the grace of God King of Spain, etc. and HENRY the Fourth by the same grace, the most Christian King of France, in the year 1598.  
First Translated out of French into Dutch, and now into English by H. W.  
EDINBURGH Printed by Robert Walde-graue according to the Copy Printed in LONDON. 1598.   

To Holland.  

O Noble and high minded Holland, which act so exalted and esteemed, because Fortune smiles on thee: how long wilt thou live in this thy wanton foolishness, & begin yourself to force & strength? hast thou not yet enough followed the trace of disquietness? hast thou quite forgot the bond of a●mitie? is it upon nothing but blood, murder, and fire that thou studiest? hath Mars wholly possessed thy heart? wilt thou have all according to thy own mind? Dost thou think that this will all, way run before the wind with thee? Do but think from whom thou art severed? & wherefore hatest thou them that loved thee? Thou art our flesh, our blood (in times passed in a good mind) but now cruelly bend against us. I cannot imagine whereupon thy foundation is grounded: twenty five years thus in strife to continue, will there be no end? doth peace go against thy stomach? Dost thou not seek rest and tranquillity in thy time? Let the common misery move thee.  No Christian is he who in harm taketh delight.  

2 Wilt thou perpetually cry and brawl, and like savage beasts remain wild and furious? be these thy reformed manners to stir up mutinies and rebellion? what wilt thou? what seekest thou? what is thy grief? wherefore hast thou taken arms? for thy privileges this was the first play: but truly that was not it: you sought something else, as now we may plainly see: for the experiences lighteneth thy darkness: thou hast rejected all duty: & seekest (against God) a liberty to thy own mind. Open thy eyes, mark if the scriptures teach such rules to subjects: What hath S. Paul laid before the Christians under the idolatrous potentates, that they ought to be obedient unto their superiors according to God's laws. This lesson had also been good in thy behalf.  For where pride is, God's spirit cannot abide.  

3 It seemed that you would banish tyranny, and with free hearts defend your patrimony: but you sought to set aside and suppress your superiors, and to live according to your own fancy. The show was fair, but it had another meaning then some thought: but by your works is apparently perceived that yet at this day your heart is against subjection, you think to strengthen yourselves with your own force, and despise the Prince whom God and nature hath given thee: He calleth, he watcheth, but thou wilt not hear him: He entreats, he admonisheth you, and you do not respect it: He will join himself to you, and you refuse it: his goodness augmenteth your rebellion: he desireth no revenge, nor cruelty: he will receive you with grace: he w●ede thee as● 〈◊〉 of his body, although thou hast somewhat estranged thyself; return, return, and refuse not your own good.  He despiseth God who takes that which belongeth to his Prince.  

4 Do not with scorn reject his proffers, but prepare your troubled and scattered nunds to peace: for though fortune be now on your side, yet (according to her wont unsteadfastness) the case might change, and then your happiness and good luck were soon destroyed: even as snow and●ce melteth before the sun, even so melteth prosperity when God will show his anger: this is manifest, and daily seen in divers persons in this exchanging mortal life, yea in many kingdoms and countries, which are seen to fall through their own default: It is folly to trust on movable things, if to day you are happy, to morrow your state may alter: and he that trusteth upon himself is often deceived, before he doth imagine that the wind will blow against him. O Holland be not too proud, although thou art in a moment capsed up to the top of fortune's wheel, for the foundation is nought, how sure soever you think it.  Nothing can dure which hath no good ground.  

5 Thou art mercifully admonished, but with cruelty thou stoppest thy ears, and your conceived fury remains so obstinate that thou wilt not listen to any reason. Is there nothing that can abate your high mind, nor quench your bloody thirst? the Omnipotent God doth perceive your obstinacies and how wilfully you hate peace: No doubt he will visit thee: his hand doth threat thee, as not long since he hath miraculously shown unto thee, by the great Whale which was seen at Scheveling upon the strand, who before your eyes like a thunder did burst with great rumour & bloodshed. Mark and ruminate upon this, as an especial token, and think that this doth signify some wondrous thing. Let each one that hears this, take warning thereby. And if thou canst taste truth take warning hereout. Open thy eyes and unlock thy stony hearts.  God always doth warn before he doth punish.  

6 Thou art threatened, that's a thing manifestly known: for each one can judge what such monsters betoken. God's mighty and heavy hand is over your heads to plague you: with grief and misery he will feed thee, yea with adversity, ruin and poverty. Thy joy he will convert to sorrow, thy laughing to laments, thy riches to nothing, as is seen: he altereth kingdoms: & that which stands high he doth abase. This will befall thee unless thou wilt acknowledge thy sovereign as good subjects. Sheath thy murdering blate, let peace shine in thy heart before your destinies fall. Thy neighbours of whom you hope to reap comfort, and upon whose alliance you so peremptorily stand will forsake thee, for every one looketh to himself when they are in need. Of this assure yourselves, for it is no fable.  It is commonly said, Danger parteth friendship.  

7 Your bad pretences do war against God: ye are as in spite of nature itself: although other princes do their profit with thee, yet (notwithstanding) they hate these your tricks, thinking their subjects might also rebel: & reject their magistrates: for soon are found many colours to revolt, when once the mind is that way bend, your regiment is scandalous to all nations that know it, because you despise superiority: for they that reject their Princes (saith S. Paul) withstand God's ordinance: you are like unto the monster which to the amazement of each one came beatles upon the shore of Scheveling, and there (to your learning) remained dry upon the land: wherefore learn obedience before the punishment come: for this same looking glass was not planted in vain.  Where grace is, there is always time to repent.  

8 Yet for all this I imagine you will mock at this admonishment, and (as you are wont) say it is nothing but the prating of Friars, or babbling of Nuns: No medicines will serve to your sore, for always the malicious mocks with God's secrets: True it is, we are neither prophets nor children of prophets: we are far removed from the knowledge of the divine hidden secrets: yet our admonishment is not without foundation: believe if it so please you, for of pure zeal we open unto you your estate: a wonderful change is ordained unto you: choose the best while you have time, you are warned by the highest Regent. Give place to reason, you are expected with grace. O Noble Holland quench your turbation. join with your brethren: follow the counsel of friends and believe no strife makers which will ruin you.  Unwise is he that follows a blind man's trace.  

Is seen and allowed to be printed.  
Datum Bruxellae 12. Martij. 1598. Petrus Vinck Lovannij, joannes Masius excudebat.    

The Answer of the Hollanders to the seduced Provinces upon the former Admonition.  

Upon the first.  

Divinely and manly Noble Holland is exalted, for God doth of his mercy accept the same as his child: besides the defence of our paternal freedom, is the root from whence nobility springs: These urge us Hollanders, and not the blind idolatrous Goddess, whom we refer to them that do serve her. Providentia is our leader, for we find that she doth exalt us above all estates. Such as soothe up their enemies, and hate their defenders. judge if they be not to be esteemed as wanton fools: Thy is our meaning to endeavour to withst and you andour enemies with force and strength: And we will, to the end, as long as need shall require defend our common liberty doth day and night, whilst God gives us strength to abide it to fight for ourselves and our neighbours who feed their deadly foe in their bosom, which is a dangerous and pitiful thing.  For no Christian is he that doth bad, and to strengthen others therein.  

More upon the first.  
YOu blind Netherlanders reproach us that we have quite forgot the band of amity: neither hath blood, murder, nor fire possessed our hearts, neither do we acknowledge Mars otherwise then for a blind idol, but only the God of boast who hath imprinted in our hearts a steadfast thought of reconcilement, and peace, as well appears by divers our mints, who outwardly show our inward mind: we do our best to rejoin you, that are wrongfully severed from us, to the end that the Spaniard do not hurt thee: for needful defence of our liberty and goods is the rule of our pretences, and the bulwark of our war as long as God's grace doth help us, if we did otherwise we should shame the netherlands blood. And Christ hath warned us to be against Lions and Foxes ravenous and craft.  Simple as Doves, and subtle as Snakes.   

Upon the second.  

YOu cannot compare us to Bears or Wolves, who are full of cruelty subtle Foxes nor Dragons who long for blood, for we are tame as Lambs, guarded by Dogs, whose teeth defend us from the wild beasts, (because we are reform) such is to us not forbidden, we use it to our defence. Our will, our seeking is that we do invite, seek and procure, through the commandment of Christ your safety with ours both of body and soul: Our grief is that you feel not your loss nor the dead: the cause of our taking arms is to defend our lawful privileges, together with the liberty of mind, and this is the only way to get the same, as in these our countries is apparently to be seen, that this is the only mark we shout at, which we also will with deeds show unto you, if you will join with us, and withstand the Spanish pack.  Whose pride is unto God and man an horror.  

More upon the second.  
THe obedience which we show unto our superiors is willingly without force, yea with just desire, as our contraries see and praise, although it do spite them, and shows that we seek nothing but to obey according to the teaching of the wise: it appears by that which we have done, and suffered so long, for to remain under the king's regiment as our Lord but not as a tyrant: we could do no less: we seek but the liberty, which no Christian Prince ought to refuse to obedient Christians, without the which we could not continue, nor be esteemed good Christians. For according to the scriptures (which we read more than you do) for they are forbidden your sights as a thing nothing touching your vocation: we find that our faults are agreeing together, therefore he that is not content to do mischief himself, but exhorteth his neighbour also, their ambition verily showeth that God hath wholly pulled his grace from him.  For God to the proud doth ever give a fall.   

Upon the third.  

IN effect, we seek to expel tyranny, and with a joyful heart defend our native soil from your incursions: and (through Gods help have preserved some part thereof to your good) hope to persever further therein: we never yet desired to live headless, or without Magistrates, for we account them unwise which desire it. But it is wisdom to take a care thereof, and to have Magistrates of our own nation. As God hath always exhorted his people. We stand not upon our own strength, but with heart and mind put our whole trust and defence in God's hands. Our Prince we do not scorn, but fear the tyrant, who (according to God's laws) hath lost his right. His entreaties makes us sigh, perceiving nothing in him, but the fruits of the sick Lion, to whom the Fox for all his flattery would give no relief, for his deeds to others show the intent of his heart.  He that useth his right doth no body wrong.  

More upon the third.  
YOur Prince calls and watches, as a Wolf wonted lieth a bed, requesting the Lamb to give him some drink, saying that afterwards he would provide meat himself. To whom the silly Lamb ●reth 〈◊〉 doing: yea marry you would make me your ●de: I per● your drift So the remembrance of his Lion-like and Wolfe-like cruelty, doth make us to esteem his calling, and entreating of no worth: you boast much of his goodness: you mark not the place nor person to whom you speak, where scarce there is a step but his cruelty hath been shown, to what end will you excuse him? he hath manifestly showed the same lately at Brussels upon the body of a silly maiden. Why? you speak it to Hollanders, who yet smell the fire of their late destruction of goods and blood, yea whose wounds are yet bleeding, his mercy which hath showed us his sword, fire, and halter, never yet did he reach us a fatherly hand, and yet he bears a very smooth face: but as the old Proverb sayeth, which teacheth us.  He hath or will deceive him where he can.  

More upon the third.  
WE can soon judge what mercy we should find at the hands of him, who esteemeth his highness wronged in the highest degree for these four points against his majesty. As Arms against him, new religion, to be sworn against him: trafficking with other Potentates. Do you call this but some what estranged? what mercy can we expect of him who esteemeth the resignment of a small request of state a great disgrace to his highness. He whom with unmerciful tyranny hath not used (the unknown. West Indian Amercians, together with the wronged countries of Granada and Arragon) as subjects, but more like a ravening Wolf, and all because they had but desired their wont liberty, their tears could not move his stony & wretched heart, but other hardened the same: what can assure us not to be used in like sort. Wherefore we trust in our God, h● (without doubt will strengthen us, upon him as upon a firm rock is our war grounded.  Against God, neither money, counsel, nor friends can p. prevail.   

Upon the fourth.  

Never Letter or messenger hath been sent to us, but they have been read, and every word understood and answered: insomuch that they might well perceive that we sought nothing better than a good peace. Hartius with his can witness the same your idolatrous fortune (where withal in your admonishment you there twice threatened us) we esteem her not a fig. Let Heathens and their like adore her, we acknowledge the steadfast providence of God, who altereth the kingdoms. Them that have taken their dwelling places in the heanens, and made their nests in the clouds. To his will and not to fortune do we give the honour, where under only do we sub● ourselves. This is seen by the Spanish king your Lord, w● if he had taken this for a warning should never have come to this his devilish pride, whereby he hath greatly begin to descend.  God strikes down the proud, and raiseth the humble.  

More upon the fourth.  
THe chiefest things which do ruin a kingdom are, idolatry, which of God is hated: tyranny to their subjects, & wrong to their neighbours: for these offences doth God punish kingdoms: but Holland shall yet rejoice, and as a lamb standing upon God's tower, laughs at the Wolves threats, being assured that nothing can hurt him. What token, what fruit of mercy, whereof you boast canst thou show us of his merciful deeds, & yet lately you would have murdered our Prince: these be your dissembling admonishments: away away with them. The unquenchable blood thirst of those devilish grasshoppers your jesuits, ye cuffians who govern your King, do teach us not to trust your dissembling words.  The kingdom grounded upon murder cannot stand.   

More upon the fift.  

WE have been often cruelly awakened when we did not sleep, that those which were awakened never rose again, insomuch that they that heard the knocks were astonished, yet never had we any warning thereof by those that could have sent it us. But of you who acknowledge to have no strength, because you are bend under the Spanish yoke, and the Governor whose force is enclosed by the Spanish Counsel, and show their commissions to pleasure their masters: therefore it is good to admonish where one may have thanks for it: but our ear is so surely stopped that we can hardly hear, for we have Batavam aurem, an ear which is thick, which will not be tempted, but as the Snake goeth subtly, stopping her ears to the deceivers note, so will we not hearken to your Syren-like words.  The birders whistle is sweet, when the birds he will entrapped.  

More upon the fift.  
GOd (for a while) hath fatherly chastised us, both to punish us & to rueine us, and not alone perceiving our sins, but also our miseries, which always have cried vengeance unto heaven upon the Spaniards heads, who (as it seemeth of his mercy) hath heard our clamours. If God did prophesy any thing by the whale which appeared upon our shore: what that may betoken we know not, for it may well be such things may come to pass without any signification, much less know we what God doth hereby mean: yet your exposition as full self wise secrets we esteem too foolish and rash: but we do not wonder, for the text of the matter is either falsely reported unto you, or by you falsely contrived, for the fish was not headless, as in your seventh verse you say, but contrarily he had more head than was proportionable to his body, the same being measured: but what may this signify.  For God's tokens commonly threaten God's enemies.  

More upon the fifth.  
Now this is our exposition which you cannot comprehend. This Whale is the great Spanish Leviathan, for he and the fish in nature are like, for as that fish of other fishes is the devourer, so he also of other kingdoms is the devourer and destroyer. The fishes head was above his proportion, and so is the Spaniarde, unsatiably greedy to over-gape all, though it cost him his life. It is manifest in England, France, and the Netherlandes: By the Whales bursting is meant that the Spaniard directing his force towards England, for to subdue that with his neighbours, is there also run aground, burst and spoiled, to the joy of all, and especially of us, who hope that God will cause him to run himself dead, if he will not cease to persecute the innocent.  He that persecutes another doth often fall himself in trouble.   

Upon the sixth.  

IF ever there was any people threatened and crossed by their enemies it is we, and by you watched, wherefore we reject your sugared words, which you began with us even against God, as by your unaduise exposition of the fish which was driven upon our shore, without hurt or danger to any: yea which is more, was profit for the country, wherefore we esteem that God's tokens and threats are more stronger than many Wolves and Bears, who both hurt men and cattle, the swarming multitudes of dying beasts, who vex & destroy the fruits of trees & growth of the earth: they are most Gods plagues. So that this fish passeth without prophesying any punishment to us.  But God's wrath over them that seek to hurt us.  

More upon the sixth.  
WE acknowledge and confess that we have deserved Gods just punishment, but we hope that his wrath will persecute the Spaniards until such time as they leave persecuting the just. The example we shall see upon thee O King, who wert raised to the top of the clouds shalt fall down without stay until thou acknowledge God in his force. We have long enough to the loss of our blood held him for our Prince, till at length we have rejected him and forsworn his alliance, which pure need hath caused, the verdict whereof we remit unto our Lord God. Upon England & France we will not boast, the humane arm is weak & to no effect: but God is our, fortress and that we conjoin with our neighbours, wh● are copartners with us in like woes, is no shame, and their revolt with your threats doth not make us shrink.  The fear of common ruin binds friendship faster.   

Upon the seventh.  

IDolatry doth war against God's learning, and that you reproach us. God and nature doth ordain Princes for their subjects defence and profit, when now the Prince through envy and tyranny doth abuse his power, and his vassals, then doth God take away from him the virtue and right which he had given him by nature, yet not all princes, but those that suppress their people with injustice. England and France are out of thy reproach, for their kind government commends our deeds. The scandal which you spoke of have we not given: but if any hypocrite doth scandalise himself, it is his own folly, to trouble himself with that which is not worth a mite. You also do call us rebels: whereof we are comforted long since, for our patience doth change the minds of divers, who offer us of love a furthering hand.  If so be we do not herden ourselves to begin mischief  

More upon the seventh.  
THose that according to their country laws do defend their country's right, are lawful Magistrates, which we not refuse, nor yet rejects them, as you spitefully reproach us. We resist the tyrant, according to the judgement of any, yet do we not transgress the ordinances of God: neither do we reject the admonition of S. Paul. But the word of God teacheth that lawful magistrates are placed by him to keep their people in peace and quietness and to chastin the wicked: When now they begin with tyrannous suggestions to oppose their subjects, with just cause may they be deposed, as breakers of these contracts, and their subjects are not baunde to show them any more obedience. Because now this Spaniarde is like unto the monster in every degree: we ●e fly his bl● thirsty tyranny.  Unwise is he to seek mercy where none is to be found.   

Upon the eight.  

THe unadvised discourse, fired out of the mouth of a mad man without ground or meaning is mocked and scoffed at every where, as foolish words, but they that be any way allied unto him by kindred or friendship, and that do love him, are grievously sorry, for thereby they know the uncurable madness where withal he is possessed. Even thus is it with us towards you, who mocks others, giving us no other hope to cure your madness: you are wholly unapt to take good counsel: we love truth, but your feigned discourse interlarded with diversity of fine phraised lies, doth make us assure ourselves, that either you are possessed with madness, or with Spaniards, to yours and our ruin, and destruction of your patrimony.  He that pursueth ruin, shall soon overtake it.  

More upon the eight.  
YOur accusation is better: your admonishment to peace and obedience is without ground. That you do it of pure zeal we believe the same also: But your zeal is foolish and blind: you say that a wonderful change is ordained for us, this you ground upon your peace with the French Nation: What more hurtful mutation can befall then to be in a league with Wolves? But if you are no Prophets, whithertended then your oration, for the Lamb for although he had pledges dares not commit himself to the Wolves mercy, he rather would devour both Lamb and pledges, than he would let the Lamb live. We know the decree given in the Pope's Council: That one ought not to keep faith unto heretics. We have seen it in many to whom it hath cost their lives. But indeed you have your wish, joining your dédes with ours, not listing to strife-makers: for he is unwise that reputes his friends his enemies.  
And a more fool is he, who his foes for friends takes to be.  Vigilanria & fidei 1598. 
Printed at Amsterdam for Laurence jacobs' Stationer, upon the water in the bible.     

Articles and conditions of the peace and perpetual lyance concluded between the high and Mighty Princes PHILIP by the grace of God, Catholic King of Spain etc. And HENRY the Fourth of that name by the same grace most Christian King of France Anno 1598.  
Whereunto are annexed the Articles of the Peace concluded in the Castle of Cambresii, Anno 1559. between the Catholic King of Spain, & the late Henry the second most Christian King of France.  First translated out of French into Dutch, and now into our vulgar tongue by H. W. In the name of God the Creator. 
BE it known unto all men present, and to come, that as the Realm of France & the Netherlandish Provinces, have endured great loss & damage, by reason of the civil and foreign wars, who have continued these many years, which the kingdoms of England and Spain, and the countries of Savoy have well known and felt, while in the mean time the common enemy to Christendom and the Christian name, marking his welfare o● our ruin, procuring to surmount us through our strife, hath gotten a perilous proceeding, in his unlawful suggestion of the Christian Provinces, the which being considdered by our Holy Father Clemene the eight of that name, and desiring with all diligence to Prevent the same, and to cut asunder the root of this mischief, and hath through his Messenger dwelling at 〈◊〉 a drill, and other done, and pronounced divers demonstrations, and exhortations unto the high and mighty Prince Philip the second, by the grace of God Catholic king of Castille, Arragon, Leno, and both cities of jerusalem, of Portugal and Granada etc. to the end to bring him unto an amiable peace and accord, with the most high & mighty Prince. Henry the Fourth by the same grace most Christian King of France and Nauare, unto whom h●s holiness had sent the illustrious and reverend Cardinal of Florence Alexander de Medicis Legatte to him and to the Apostolic Seat, to pronounce like exhortations unto the said most Christian king, and according as our said Holy Father hath been advertised that the said Catholic king had given full power and instruction to conclude this peace unto the high & mighty prince Albertus' Cardinal, Arch Duke of Austria. his nephew, and also for the great good trust which be had in him, and affection which he hath always had to the said peace, had sent unto him the reverent Father I. Bonaventure Cala●agirono. General of the order of S. Frances, to the end he might by him understand his meaning in this matter, and also to give him further knowledge of the meaning of the said Catholic king touching this peace, having presented all what is aforesaid unto the said most christian king according to the order which he had received of his holiness, the said kings incited through a godly zeal, pity and grief which they conceived and felt in their hearts, of the long heavy and burdensome misery, which through continuance of the said wars their kingdoms, countries and subjects have and yet endure: intending not to let slip an occasion which consisteth in the power of God fea●ing Princes, and that love their subjects, to bring and perpetually place an assured peace and tranquillity in this land, and especially in the provinces over ●he which it hath pleased God to constitute them as their keepers and defenders, and deeply considering (as their duty is) the grave and wise considerations and exhortations of our said holy father, and being thereupon agreed have requested their friends, and allies, with them to understand and resolve a good peace and union, to the rest and quietness of all the Christian provinces, and to the reviving and tranquillity of all the subjects, and to begin the said treaty have b● appointed, to wit by the said Cardinal arch Duke, for and in the name of the same catholic king, and by virtue ●d express power which he hath of his majesty. The Lord john Richardo● knight & head precedent of the privy counsel of estate, the Lord john Baptist de Taxis knight commander in the Saints of the war like order of S. jacob, & of the said counsel of estate, and counsel of the war: and the Lord Lewis Vereylen knight audiencier. and chief Secretary, and Treasurer of the Briefs and of the foresaid counsel of estate, and of the side of the most christian king, the Lord Pomponius de Bellieure knight, Lord of Grigon, Counsellor of his counsel of estate, and the Lord Nicholas Bruslart, knight, Lord of Sildeny also Counsellor of the said king in his counsel of estate and Precedent in the court of Parliament of Paris all furnished with sufficient power, the which at the end hereof shallbe inferred, which lords deputies by virtue of their power in proof of the said Cardinal who hath long time laboured to the furthering of this present peace, have concluded & agreed upon these articles following.  
1 Inprimis it is concluded and agreed, that the treaty of peace shall continue resolved and concluded, between the Lords, Kings, Philip the 2. and Henry the 4. confirming in approbation of the articles comprehended in the treaty of Peace made upon the castle of Cambresis in the year 1559. between the said Catholic K. Philip the 2. and of high and lautable memory Henry King of France, all which said treaty the said deputes have again newly confirmed and ratified in all points, in such order as if it were her inferred, from word to word without renewing any thing in the same nor in any other before, which all shall continue whole and entire, except that which shallbe annulled in this present treaties.  
2 And according to the same, that from the date of these presents between the said Lords, Kings, their children present and to come, their heirs and successors, their kingdoms, countries, and subjects, shall be a good, sure, stable, and inviolable peace, confederation, eternal alliance and friendship, shall also love one an other like brethren, seeking and procuring with all duty the others welfare, honour and reputation, and shall faithfully shun (for so much as shall be possible) the one the others hurt, not entertaining nor favouring any persons whatsoever, which should be any ways subject to the hurt or damage, of the one or the other, and shall from this day forward cease all enmity, forgetting from this day all things, that may have been evil done how and whatsoever they be, they shall put in oblivion and annuled without at any time after the same shall be any ways raised, or mentioned, rejecting by this present treaty, all practices, or inteligences which in any sort should be to the detriment, the one of the other: also promising not to do, pursue nor procure through any to be done any thing that might tend to the hurt the one to the other, not also suffer that their subjects shall either tectly or indirectly do the same, and if so be any of th● of what quality or condition soover, should from the date hereof chance to do any thing to the contrary, either by sea or land, or otherwise assist or help in matters that might be any way hurtful unto the said Lords, Kings, the other shall be bound to oppose himself there against and hinder the same, and severely to punish them as breakers of this peace, & disturbers of the common quietness.  
3 And through virtue of this peace and amity, the subjects of both sides whatsoever they are, so far forth they keep the laws and customs of the country shallbe suffered, to go, come, remain dwell, converse and return in the one and others country, using the trade of merchandise, or as best shall ●ike them, as well by sea as by land, and upon the fresh waters frequent and trade together, and the said subjects shall be defended in paying reasonably the rights and duties in all places used, and others which by their majesties, or their successors shall be imposed.  
4 And all letters of reprivalles which might have been given for what cause soever shallbe suspended, and from this day forward there shallbe none more given, by any of the said Princes to the prejudice of the others subjects, except only against the chief offenders, their goods and of their complices and that yet in case of manifest denegation of justice, of which & of the letters of reformation & requisition of those which shall pursue the said letters reprivals shallbe bound to make appear in manner & form as injustice is required.  
5 The cities, subjects citizens and inhabitants of the counties of Flanders and Artoiis, & other Provinces of netherlands, together with the kingdom of Spain shall enjoy the Privileges, and freedoms which have been granted between the kings of Frances predecessors of the said most Christian King: and also the cities subjects, and citizens and inhabitants of the kingdom of France shall likewise enjoy the liberties and freedoms which they have in the said low countries and kingdoms of Spain, and as every one of them hath heretofore enjoyed them, & as they do enjoy them by virtue of the treaty of the year 1559. and other precedents.  
6 Also it is covenanted and agreed, that if in case the said King Catholic do give or transfer by testament, or what title soever it be unto the worthy Princes the Lady Isabel his eldest daughter or to any other the provinces of the Lowcountries with the countess of Burgundy and Charlois, that all the said Provinces and counties do understand to be comprehended in this present treaty as they were in that of anno. 1559. together with the said Princes or he to whom in favour the said king Catholic shall dispose the same without being needful that to this effect there should be made a new treaty.  
7. And may return the subjects and servants of the one side and the other, 〈…〉 not with ●g that they ●d in the ●t●ary p●ty at 〈◊〉 and ●e●c● of the which they were provided before the end of December 1588. except Ecclesiastical ●ng● which should be found to ●e Can●ally provided together with the enjoying of each and every one their good●, 〈◊〉 and perpetual renkes, which they by rea● of th●se 〈…〉 begin in the end of the ●de year of 1588. have 〈◊〉 enjoy 〈◊〉 received, shall now again use and may after the publication of this peace, and in like sort of those which since the said time may be dew unto them by right of succession or otherwise without any contradiction, but notwithstanding without any right to demand of those which have possessed the said ●oueable goods, the p●, and benefits proceeded th●reo● 〈◊〉 the said 〈◊〉 until the publication of th●se presente● nor also the debts which have builde● in the said time, and shall be held for good & valliable the reparation which the Prince, his Lieutenant, or deputy hath or shall do under the jurisdiction of whom the said a●rest shall be made, neither may any creditor of the said deptes or any their ●atu●eyes never be received to pursue the said deptes, in what order or 〈…〉 against those to whom the said gifts have been made nor against those that by virtue of such gifts & confiscations have paid them, for what raises soever the said deptes may be, notwithstanding any bills of obligation which the said deptes may be, notwithstanding any bills of obligation which the said creditors ●ght have thereof, the which through effect of the said connation are & shall remain by this present treaty, canceled, ann●led & without fear.  
8 And the said subjects and servants of both sides shall return unto their said unmoveable goods & rents aforesaid notwithstanding at gifts con●embs, declarations, confiscations, & commissons sentences reneved by continuance and in absence of the parties, and those not heard by of the said ●ares, howsoever it be, which sentences & all judgements given as well in civil as criminal matters shall remain void and of no worth as if they had not been pronounced, thereof wholly increasing the said subjects, ceasing all hindrances and contradictions unto the rights which they had at the time of the opening of the said war without that any one may be charged for charges public or entermises which he had how beit for the victuals, maintainment of money, or otherwise during the time & occasion of the said wars, whereof they should have made account unto such as then had power to dispose thereof, so far forth that the said subjects and servants be not found guilty of any other crimes, then to have served in contrary party, and not nevertheless, retire themselves into the countries and Lordships of the said kings without they have first thereof obtained permission, and letters patents sealed with the great seal of their Majesty the which they shallbe bound to verify before Commissioners and officiate of their said matter.  
9 Those which should have been provided by the one or the other side with ●ny benefices, standing to the collation, presentation, or other disposition of ●he said Lords, Kings, or any other laymen shall remain in the possession and ●se of the said benefices as be well and duly provided.  
10 In favour & regard of this peace, and to the end that the said Princes give intentment one to another, is concluded and agreed, that they shall render and restore the one to the other effectually & in pure faith, that which shallbe found ●o have been taken, feised, and occupied by them, or others having any charge of them or in their name, in each others country, uz. the said most christian ●ing shall render unto the said king Catholic, the pussance and possession of the county of Charlois, his appurtenances, & dependences, to join the same by him and his successors wholly and peaceably and retain the same under the ●ueraintie of the Kings of France, & if it be found that any place, have been ●cised since the said Peace of anno 59 by the said most christian King, or his shall also be restored, and all within the term of two months to reckon from the day and date of these presents.  
11 And likewise the Catholic king shall render and restore unto the most christian King those places which shall be found to be taken by him or his since the said peace made in the castle in Cambresis. uz. Calis, Ardres, Monthullen, Dourlens, La Chapel in Le Chastelet in Picardy, Blauet in Brittany & all other places which the said catholic king, either there or in any other places of France detaineth since the said treaty.  
12 As for Calis Ardres, Monthullen, Dourlens, Chapel, & Le Chasteller, they shallbe rendered by the said catholic king, or his deputies, effectually and in good faith, without any prologation, or difficulty for what occasion or pretence soever, unto him or them, who shallbe thereunto deputed & ordained by the said most christian king within two months precisely to account from the day and date of these presents in the state wherein they are at this present, without breaking, weaking or endamaging them in any sort, & without pretending nor demanding any rembursement, for the fortifications, made in the foresaid places neither for the pay which might be due unto the soldiers or men of war there residing & in the aforesaid restitution shall first be delivered the city of Calis, Ardres, & the rest s● following in such fort that the foresaid restitution shall wholly be effected in the said term of two months.  
13 Touching the restitution of Blauet the same shall also in good faith be effectually without any prolongation, or ●fficultie for what cause soever executed unto those who shallbe thereunto appointed by the said most christian king, and that within 3. months after the date of these presents, & the same Catholic king may cause to be broken down the fortifications by him or his made in the said Blauet and other places which shallbe by him rendered in Brittany.  
14 Restitution being made of the said places the said king catholic may cau● to be carried away all the artillery, Bullets, armour, victuals and other munitians of war which shallbe found in the said places at the time of the restituton, also it shallbe suffered unto the soldiers and other people, which shall depart● out of these places to carry away all their goods and movables unto them appertaining, without that it be lawful to ask any thing of the inhabitants of the said places or plain or flat countries, nor any wise to endamage their houses, or to take any thing away from the said inhabitants.  
15 And to the end that the soldiers remaining in the same Blaver, may conveniently departed toward Spain, the aforesaid most Christian king will provide them with ships & mariners, in which vessels they may lad their artillery, victuals and other munitions of war with their baggage, they in the aforesaid Blauet, & other rendered places in Britain in giving security of restitution of the said ves●ls & convey of the said mariners within the term which shallbe ordained.  
16 Moreover the said deputise promise, for security of restitution of the said places as soon as this present treaty should be ratified by the most christian K. to deliver 4. pledges, such as he will choose, subjects unto the said Catholic K. the which shallbe honourably kept & entertained as their qualities require. The restitution being made and really accomplished, the said pledges shallbe rendered and set at liberty, in good faith without any delay, but must be understoodde that after the accomplishment of the 6. places in Picardy, but two of the said pledges shallbe delivered remaining the other two until the restitution of Blauet.  
17 And for the matter contained in the aforesaid treaty of 1559. which were not accordingly executed, the same shall now be wholly executed & ended, in that which rests aswell respect of the county of S. Paul, the limets of the countries of the said two Princes which he held in surueyans and exemption of customs and foreign imposition pretended by these of the county of Burgundy Bishop Therovane, the abbey of S. john, at the mountain of the Ducchie of Bovilon, restitution of any pretended places of the one side and the other aught to be rendered, by virtue of the said treaty, and the other differences which have not been void or decided, as it was then covenanted there shall to this effect be na-Arbitrators of the one & the other part the which shall meet within 6. months in the appointed place if the party's consent, else shall choose some other place.  
18 And as in the partition of the countries ordained unto the Bishoprics of Arras, Amiens, S. Omer and Boulogne are founded certain villages of France attributed unto the Bishops of Afras, and S. Omer. Also other villages of the countries of Artois and Flanders unto the Bishop of Amiens and Bologne whence often riseth discord and confusion, is covenanted and agreed that after the consent of our holy father the Pope: commissioners shall be appointed by the one and the other side which shall assemble within a year in such places as shallbe appointed, to resolve upon the change which may be done of the same ●ssages, to the commodity of the one and the other side.  
19 All prisoners of war being detained by them or either party shallbe set a●●bertie, in paying their charges, and that which otherwise they may lawfully ●w, without paying any ransom, except they had thereof agreed before the date ●f these presets & if in case that complaint be made of the excess thereof, there shall ●e taken order by the Prince of the country where the said prisonersar detained.  
20 And all other prisoners, subjects, unto the aforesaid Kings, which through the calamity of the wars may be detained upon the Galleys of their Majesties, shall immediately be released, and set at liberty without any delay, for what cause soever and without demanding of them any thing of their ransoms, or their charges.  
21 And are reserved unto the said catholic king of Spain, & the said worthy Princess his eldest daughter their successors, or deputes, all their rights, actions, and pretentsons, which appertain unto them of the said kingdoms, countries, lordships or others for what cause soever the which he nor his predecessors have not been expressly renounced, thereof also to make pursuit by amiable means or justice and not with arms.  
22 And in that which by the said deputes of the said catholic king is demonstrated for to obtain to a good and perfect peace, his majesty requesteth that ●he most excellent Prince the Duke of Savoy may be comprehended in the said peace, because the aforesaid Catholic king doth tender the welfare of the said Lord, Duke as his own, for the great kindred of blood and near alliance which is between them, the which is also declared by this Gasper of Geneva, Marquis of Bullen, Councillor of estate, Chamberlain and Colonel of the guard of the said Lord Duke, his Lieutenant and governor of the Duchy of Austria, and the City of jury, his Deputy, as appeareth by his power and procuration, who in honour of his name, said that his said Lord was issued from the brother of the great grandfather of the aforenamed most Christian king, and of the cousin germane of the Queen his mother and that his intent is to give contentment unto the said Lord, king, & as one of his most humble parentage, to acknowledge him with all the honour, duty, reverence & observance of friendship, he may possibly, to the end to give occasion in the time to come to think better of him and his actions, the passed occasions would suffer him the said king promising to acknowledge his good affection, and that he will use unto him, of like bounty and declaration of friendship, as the 4. last kings have used unto the the late most excellent memory of my Lord the Duke his father.  
23 It is therefore agreed that the said Duke shall be received & comprehended in this treaty of Peace. And to manifest the desire which he hath to content the said Christian King, will render unto him the City & castle of Berre, within 2. months to count from the date of these presents, in good faith and meaning without delay or difficulty for what cause so ever. And the said place shall be rendered to the said king, within the said term directly, in the estate wherein she is at this present, without breaking down, nor endamaging them in any wise, without that any rembursement for the fortifications made in the said city & castle may any wise be pretended, neither for that which might be due unto the soldiers & men of war. Also leaving there all the ordinance which was there, at the taking of the same with the bullets, & may only withdraw those which sithence he brought thither, if any there be.  
24 Also it is convenanted and agreed that the said Duke shall wholly disavow & abandon, in good faith, the Captain la Fortune, being in the city of Suerre in the country of Burgundy, without giving unto him nor any other (which he unlawfully detaineth the said city against the will of the said most christian King) directly or indirectly any aid, support or favour.  
25 And for the surplus of all other differences, the foresaid most Christian K. & Duke of Savoy, the aforesaid deputes, in the aforesaid name, consent & agree for the good of the peace, that they be remitted unto the judgement of our holy father the Pope, Clement the 8. for to be judge & decided by his holiness, within one year to account, from the day & date of these presents according unto the answer of the said king given in writing the 4. of june last passed, & to keep, execute, & maintain all what shallbe by his holiness ordained, without delay, prolongation or difficulty for what cause or pretence soever, & mean while and until such time these things be otherwise disposed of by his holiness, they sha●●emaine in the estate & conditions, as at this present, without either changing or renewing, & as they are possessed by the one, & the other party, so shall it not be lawful to impose or require any contribution nor other things without the territories of the places which are held by the one and by the other.  
26 And therefore it is now covenanted & agreed, by the one side and the other that from this day forward shallbe sure peace between the aforesaid kings and duke, their children, present & to come, heirs, successors, & inheritors, their kingdoms countries and subjects, without they may make any enterprise upon the countries or subjects, the one of the other, for what cause or pretence soever.  
27 The subjects and servants of either side, aswell ecclesiastical as secular notwithstanding that they have served in contrary party, shall return wholly in the possession & enjoying of all and each their goods, offices and benefices, as have been said above of the subjects and servants of the said kings, but not to be understood of the governments.  
28 As for the prisoners of war they shall be used as is above written, and by the aforesaid Princes is agreed.  
29 And are confirmed in all points & articles the treatise heretofore made with the late most christian K. Henry the 2. & Charles the 2. & Henry the 3. the said deceased duke of Savoy, in the year 1559. in the castle of Cambresis, except such things as are by this or other treatises annulled, & accordingly the said Duke of Savoy his countries, cities, & subjects shall continue a good newtral Prince and common friend, unto both the said kings, from the day of the publication of these presents, the traffic between this countries & subjects, shallbe free and assured as is said in the said treatise, and as in times past have been used, & the points therein comprehended shallbe observed in regard of the officiares who have served the said kings so far forth it be not annulled by other accords.  
30 Are yet notwithstanding reserved unto the said most Christian king of France, and his successors all their rights, actions and pretensions which they know to appertain unto them by reason of the said kingdoms, countries, lordships, or others, for what cause or pretence soever, unto the which shall not be neither by him or his predecessors, expresely renounced, thereof to make pursuit by friendly means of justice, and not by arms.  
31 In this peace and amity shallbe comprehended by common accord and consent of the aforesaid most christian king, & catholic king, if so be they will be comprehended in the same, & chiefly on the side of the catholic king, our holy father the Pope, the Apostolic seat, the Emperor of the Romanies, the Lords the Arch Dukes, his brethren & cousins, their kingdoms & countries, the Electors & princes of the Cities & estate of the holy Empire, under whose obeisance the duke of Bavaria, the Duke of Cleve, the bishopric & county of Liege, the seabordering cities, & counties of east Friesland, & the said Princes shall renounce unto alpractises & promises never hereafter, to make an●eneither with christendom neither without, whensoever, which may any wise be prejudicial unto the said L. Emperor, elector or estates of the said holy Empire, but to the contrary shall procure with all their power & industry, the good & quietness thereof, so far forth that the said Lords, Emperors and the said estates, shall be have themselves amiably unto them, the said kings catholic, and most christian, and commit nothing in prejudice of them, and in like sort shallbe comprehended in this Peace, the Lords, the conferats of the great cities of German, & the leagues Grises which their allies, the K. of Polland & Sweed, the K. of Scotland, the K. of Denmark, the Duke & Signory of Venice, the duke of Lorain, the great duke of Thuscane, the Republics of Genoa, and Luca, the Duke of Parma & Plaisance, the Cardinal Farnese his brother, the Duke of Mantua, the Duke of Urbin, the chief of the houses of Columna and Vrsine the Duke of Salamoneta, the Lord of Monaco, the marquess of Final, the Marquis of Masla, the Lord of Plombin, the Earl of Sala, the Earl of Colorino. For to use and continue this present peace with exprsse declaration that the aforenamed most Christian King may neither directly nor indirectely labour through himself or others to prejudice: and it the same most Christian Prince pretend any thing against them, may only prosecut the same before competent judges & not else in any manner whatsoever.  
32 And on the behalf of the most christian king shallbe comprehended in this present treaty (if in case they therein will be comprehended, our Holy Father the Pope the see apostolic the Emperor, Elector, and Princes ecclesiastical and secular, cities, commonalties and estates of the holy Empire and especially the country Palatine Elector, the Marquis of Brandenburge, the Duke of Wittenbergh thee Landgrave of Hessen, thee Marquis of Hamsbach, thee Earls of east Freesland, the Seabordering cities, according to the ancient alliances, the king and kingdom of Scotland according to the aneient alliances & confederations made between the kingdoms of France & Scotland, the kings of Poland, Denmark and Sweede, the Duke and governors of Venice, the three Cantons of the leagues of Switsers, the Lords of the 3 leagues Grises, the Bishop and Lord of the land of Vallay, the abbot and City of S. Gall, Cloutem bergh Milhouse the country Neufcastle, and other allies and confederates of the said League, my Lord the Duke of Lorraine, my Lord the great Duke of Thuscane, my Lord the Duke of Mantua, the Repuhlique of Luca, the Bishop's Chapters of Metz Tibold and Verden, the abbot of Gozze, the SS. of Sedan, the Earl of Admirande, is to be understood notwithstanding that the consent which thee catholic king giveth in the comprehension of East Freesland, be without prejudice unto the right which his Catholic Majesty hath over the countries thereof, like as contrariwise are reserved, the differances, rights and exemptions of the said counties, all which declaration that the said king catholic, may neither directly nor inderectly labour through himself or any other, to their prejudice, but if the aforesaid catholic king pretend any thing against them may only prosecute the same before competent judges, & not by force in what manner so ever.  
33 Also shallbe comprehended in this present treaty all others, who by common consent of the said kings may be chosen so far forth that within 6. months after the declaration of these presents they shall deliver their obligatory letters and declarations, as in such cases is required.  
34 And for more security of this peace and Articles theirin comprehended, shall the said treaty be verified, published, and registered, in the court of parliaments in the Realm of France, & Chamber of accounts, of the said city of Paris, as likewise verified, published & registered, in the great counsel chamber, of accounts, of the catholic king in the Low countries, all according to the te●or of the treaty of anno. 1559. which shallbe dispatched by the one & the other si●e, within 3. months after the publication of this present treaty.  
35 In which points and articles above named, is fully comprehend the treatee and articles, which have been agreed and passed, between the said deputies, and in the names as is aforesaid, the which by virtue of their power and commission, have and do promise under obligation, of all and each their aforesaid master's goods present and to come, that they shall accomplish, and invioably observe this present treaty, as also to cause them to ratify the same & to deliver the one to the other authentic letters, both signed and sealed, which in present treaty shallbe from word to word inserted and that within a month of the day and date of these preents in regard of the said Lords, most Christian King, Cardinal of Austrie & Duke of Savoy: which Lord Archeduke hath promised within three months to procure like letters of ratification of the same king Catholic. Moreover the said Deputies have and do promise by virtue and in the name aforesaid (that keep the said Letters of ratification of the abovenamed most Christian King, Cardinal, Archeduke and Duke of Savoy) furnished the said Christian King Cardinal, Archeduke and Duke of Savoy, shall solemnly swear and take their oaths upon the Cross, holy Evangelists, Canon of the Mass, and upon their honours, in presence of such as it shall please them to appoint: to observe, accomplish, wholly and really the tontents of the said treaty: and like oath shallbe done by the said catholic King within three months after or when it shallbe required. In witness whereof the said Deputies have subscribed this present treaty with their names, in the place of Vrevin this second of May, anno. 1598.   

The Articles of the peace concluded upon the castle of Cambresis, between the most high & mighty Kings, PHILIP by the grace of God, Catholic King of Spain etc. And the late HENRY the second of that name most Christian King of France.  
Confirmation of the agreement made and concluded at Ryssell and Cercamp.  
INprimis, that the above named Kings inviolably observe these Treaties, & assist one another in common counsel.  
1 Belonging to the restitution of the places of both sides unlawfully possessed, that the King who first doth render them, choose out of the others country four such personages for pledges as he shall think good, until such time as restitution of the other side be likewise ●ff●cted.  
2 Don Charles son to the King of Spain shall have in marriage the eldest daughter of the King of France, and for her dowry shall have four hundredth thousand Crowns.  
3 Emanuel Duke of Savoy shall take in marriage the Lady Margaret sister unto the King of France, and for her dowry shall have 300000. crowns, and render unto the King his brother the Dukedom of Berry during his life.  
4. All places cities & freedoms, which the King detaineth shall be restored to the said Duke, except, that the King of France shall hold for the space of five year, five cities in Piedmont, viz. Turryn, Anguerry, Chinas, Quires. and the new city Dast with the fortresses and iurisdictictions of the same, within which time the king shall yield up all his rights of the said Cities.  
5 Likewise shall the king of Spain hold two places and cities in Piedmont viz. Vrsell and Aste: the which he shall redeliver with their jurisdictions & rights, when the king of France doth render his.  
6 The King of Spain shall render unto the king of French S. Quintin. Han, and Chastelet, in such sort and estate as they are, except the artillery and victuals: where against, the King of France shall render Didenhoven, or Theonuille, Mommedy, Mais, and Marienborgh, with like conditions.  
7 He also shall render unto the Bishop of Luic, Billo, with what else he detaineth belonging to the said Lords.  
8 Touching the city of juois, the king of France shall cause the walls and fortresses thereof to be pulled down in recompense of Turrovane, and there shall be no more fortresses built there.  
9 Terovan is rendered to the king of France, in all liberty as was before, except that no fortresses may be built upon the ground.  
10 The county of Mountferat returneth to the Duke of Mantua & the places shallbe returned unto him in the behalf of both the kings, except the artillery and victuals shallbe carried out, and if they think good, they may pull down the fortrasses which they have made therein.  
11 Those of Charlois render themselves again under the king of Spain.  
12 The Baliage of Hesden with all rights and freedoms return again under the king of Spain without that the king of France have any jurisdiction therein with all fortresses.  
13 The county of S. Poll shallbe held by the Lady of Tutevile, the two kings notwithstanding keep their rights, the which laying aside, king Philip shall have the soverannity thereof  
14 The French shall hold Calis for eight years, and after give the same again unto the English, and for pledges thereof shall the king of France set sureties for a million of gold, and beside send any of his Lords into England, whom they will choose, who shall remain there until the restitution of the said city of Calis and the king of France shall there with all quite renounce all the right which he might pretend thereto.  
FINIS.