THE PALM OF CHRISTIAN FORTITUDE. Or the glorious combats of Christians in japonia. Taken out of letters of the Society of JESUS from thence. Anno 1624.  Hier. ep. 150. 
Triumphus Dei est passio Martyrum, & cruoris effusio, & inter tormenta latitia.  God triumphs when Martyrs suffer, and shed their blood, and rejoice in their torments. 
With permission of Superiors. Anno 1630.   

THE PREFACE.  
HEre wrapped up in a few sheets of ordinary paper, the Translator offers thee, ò England, with a present of inestimable price, with a carcanet of the richest gems the Orient ever sent into Europe, jewels of japonian pearl within the sea of persecution, bred of the dew of Divine grace, infused into souls, that by exact purity of life, and by magnanimous contempt of all earthly objects, were ever open towards God, and ready to intromit his celestial influences.  
This fortunate and thrice happy Church was primitively planted by the great Indian Apostle S. Xaverius, brought thither by the course of his charity, which had no other bounds but the world; watered by the succeeding labours of the Fathers of the Society of jesus, the sole workmen in that holy harvest for many years, finally manured also by other Professors of Evangelicall Poverty, whom their unquenchable zeal of souls urged to pass thither from Europe, over many vast worlds of water.  
As Religious profession was the parent of these Christians, so by this narration (the theatre of their virtues) you may see they do not degenerate but show themselues a worthy extract of so noble a stock, a genuine offpring of so sacred a plantation, a pourtraicture of divine perfection corresponding to the high sanctimony of the Pattern. In the course of their lives so enamoured of Poverty, so inflamed with Charity, so devoted to voluntary affliction of the body, to disclplines, wearing of hair clothes, extraordinary fastings, retired praying, dedicating themselves to the teaching of the ignorant and helping of souls, shine lively lineaments of more than secular sanctity, and assured marks of a Religious spirit superior to the world. In their deaths they blaze forth rare, divine, miraculous examples of heroical fortitude, whereby the peerless lustre of primitive Martyrdom is renewed in these days, to show the never decaying merit of the precious Immaculate Blood, in whose shining candour all Martyrs, ancient and recent made white their Triumphal Robes.  
The light of the Christian Roman Religion, which from thee, o Catholic Europe, japonia received, is here returned back again with interest, & increase, adorned with glorious victories, which by virtue thereof to the amazement of Infidels over Paganism she hath obtained; by thy Religion, I say, professing and practising veneration of Relics, Adoration of the Cross prayer unto Saints, devotion unto Pardons, hearing of holy Mass, divine worship of the Venerable Eucharist, Sacramental Confession of sins, the saying of Angelical salutations to the B. Virgin in a set number on beads, finally (to pretermit other points) joint invocation of JESUS MARIA even till the last moment of their sacred breath; This light of Religion to the splendour of her shining victories improved, she sends thee back, to drive away the darkness of heresy, that overshads some part of thy dominions, to discover the blasphemy of their conceit, who think thy Religion Idolatrous, and to open their eyes, that by the light of new triumphs they may discern who be the heirs of Ancient Truth, and not to doubt, but in that Church is found the light of Apostolical Faith, where the vigour of Apostolical Fortitude by the victory of torments and death to the overthrow of Idolatry flameth.  
Such barbarous variety of cruel torments they endured, such glorious variety of excellent virtues in their sufferings shined, such a multitude of both sexes of all states and of all ages, from above Ninety till under Seven were by Martyrdom crowned, that this on Island within the space of one year, may seem to have renewed all the famous examples of former Christian ages. Here is more than one Laurence roasted in fires without groaning or stirring, or somuch as shrinking, with no other chain then of charity tied to the torment. Here is more than one troop put into freezing waters starved to death in winter nights, not so much as one relenting, the fervour of Faith keeping the frost of infidelity from their hart. Here is more than one Andrew adoring the cross prepared to be his deathbed, and singing for joy he was to die in the embracements thereof. Here is more than one Bartholomew flayed alive, or minced into morsels, enduring as many martyrdoms, as he had members to satisfy the cruel gluttony of death, that would taste him by piecemeals. Here is more than one Ignatius fearing nothing more than that the persecutor would be merciful, the torturer gentle, the instruments of his death dull and not eager enough of his blood. More than one Eleazarus, willing to die rather a thousand deaths, then to dissemble once, or to permit the voice of another, though without his privity or consent, to belie the constancy of his faith; More than one Adauctus, who meeting with the companies of designed Martyrs, going to the place of their death, by spontaneous joining increased their number, & made the joy of the heavenly banquet the greater, whilst all heartily welcome the dear unexpected guest.  
And to speak also of the other sex by nature inferior, by faith equal, by the renown of Martyrdom in a sort superior unto men, the strength of divine grace showing itself more admirably in feeble bodies; behold more than one Felicitas with dry eyes looking on the martyrdoms of her children, sending them before her to heaven, as harbingers to prepare a place of bliss for their mother, that was presently to follow. More than one courageous mother, that with her daughters entered into deep gulfs, holding each other by the hand as in a dance, singing the praises of Christ on the waters, as it were Carolles on the Christmas day of their happy nativity into eternal life. More than one Catherine, by the quality of their birth Princesses, overcoming the infidelity of the Paynime priests, being after the victory of many torments and fierce combats consummated by the sword. More than one Apollonia charged with years, but more stored with merits of virtuous life, readier to burn for Christ, than the persecutor to put her into the fire. More than one Agnes, that overcame tenderness of age by maturity of faith, lawful witnesses of Christian truth, before they could be witnesses in any cause of the world, that received on their tender necks the murdering sword as joyfully, as if they had put on chains of gold, holding the days of their martyrdoms as their marriadges feasts. In a word, here (as I said) within one Island, and in one year, you shall find in a manner all the memorable martyrdoms and glorious triumphs of the primitive times revived, and by new glorious imitation expressed to the quick.  
We the Catholics of England, who live in the happy danger of being partakers of the like crowns, have special cause to behold with joy this japonian Palmtree of Christian Fortitude translated, and planted on English soil. The victories of Martyrs recorded in writing be encouragements unto martyrdoms, that the Christian soldier, as Saint Gregory saith, eo minus in certamine trepidet, quo ante se positos tot virorum fortium triumphos videt, so much the less doubt of the glorious success of this combat, in that he beholds the many conquests of triumphant Champions displayed to his sight. And although you do not want other examples of great force; yet these may seem more potent (besides other respects) because they are more recent. Their sacred blood newly issued out of the furnace of their ardent breast, doth yet still freshly evaporate divine love, and by how much nearer they are to our days, by so much the more efficaciouslie they apply to us their flames. They were members of the same Church, professors of the same Religion, practisers of the same devotions, according not only the substance, but also every circumstance, which yet be variable with the time; and we have Preachers of all the same Religious Orders, that were their guides & leaders in those victorious combats.  
The vexations we endure compared with theirs, will seem more tolerable; and if they should grow to greater excesses, we have here comfortable pledges to make us sure the Faith, we profess, is able to conquer the most superlative rage of the world. As from the uttermost coasts we receive news of rare cruelty; so likewise from thence is brought the rare prize of the valiant woman. Here we learn that many waters cannot extinguish her charity, nor any frosts benumb hearts inflamed therewith. The fires of poverty, of disgrace, of torment, that rage without, be not of equal force with the burning of her faith within. Nor continuance of sharp afflictions can be so extended by length of time, as to outreach her longing to suffer for her crucified Lord.  
O fire of heaven! o desire of Martyrdom! possess our hearts, penetrate into our spirits, consume the dross of humane pretences, quench in us the flame of other loves. O that to die for Religion, that to suffer for Christ, that the crown and purple of martyrdom were the sum of all our wishes, the mark of all our ambitions, our meditation in the day, our dream in the night, that we were in all our prayers still seeking to obtain it, in all our actions still aiming to deserve it, in all our cogitations still longing to enjoy it! O let us without partiality often view ourselves in this admired mirror, thereby to take away all dissimilitude from them in life, whom we desire to parallel in the felicity of their death.   

Of the Temporal State of japonia, and the present condition of Christian Religion.  
ALthough the Xogun of jendo, Lord of japonia hath deposed, together with his government, the dignity of Xogun upon his son, he himself stepping to a greater; yet hath this bred no alteration in things touching Christian religion, as we hoped for, at the change of the Governor. For the Son equal to his Father in the hatred of Christians, hath been the death of many, and the number exceeds that of former years, since from the Month of December 1623., unto November of the year following a hundred threescore and five Christians have ended their lives by several torments. Eight of which were Religious of S. Dominicke, S. Francis, and of the Society; the rest Lay people, Men, Women, and Children: which shall be the subject of our discourse.  
This Persecution rose first in jendo the head-citty now of japonia, and the court of Xogun, but soon after so dilated itself, that no corner was exempt from it, where any Christians were to be found. Great store were slain, many cast into prison, and others into banishment. Some hid themselves; others abandoned their own houses, fearing to suffer shipwreck of their faith in company of Gentiles. And many there were, who like brave and valiant champions stood it out, even in the midst of a perverse nation, animating some weaker members, which are ever found in a great body, with the convincing example of true Magnanimity in the sufferance of most exquisite torments.  
It cannot be expressed what fear and trembling occupied the hearts of many, when this tempest rose, the more for that every day new Ministers were appointed by Xogun himself, who by all possible means of threats and torments, sought to extort Religion from the hearts of Christians. Their industry in ferreting out Religious people, and hindering their entrance into japonia was more than ordinary. These oppositions, and no marvel, have made our harvest less plentiful, since some only thousands, have been baptised by the hands of ours, and others who forward this noble enterprise. But we hope for plenty and abundance in time to come, the soil being moist and fattened with the blood of so many glorious Martyrs.  
And to begin with the persecution raised in the City of jendo, in which together with forty seven Christians F. Hierome de Angelis, Brother Simon jempo of the Society of jesus, and F. Francis Galbe of S. Francis Order, gave up their lives: you may note, that though for this dozen years and more, through the implacable hatred of the Emperor, persecution hath still been in force against Christian Religion throughout the whole Empire; yet in the Cities' subject immediately to the Tenca (Nangasachi only excepted) there was a kind of silence or connivency touching matters of Religion: not that it was lawful to preach or make public profession thereof under peril of death or banishment; but that the Magistrates did either dissemble or neglect to look after those who embraced Christianity. Whilst we lay under this shadow of peace, the Emperor unexpectedly by occasion of the new dignity conferred upon his son, reviving his inviterate hatred against Christians, and especially their Preachers, thought it a fit occasion to destroy the gospel, by renewing the laws of japonia, amongst which there is one capital against Christian faith; the preaching whereof, and the usurping of the Empire are held in effect for the same things. The Magistrates of Tenca demanded, whether or no it were necessary to insinuate the same by way of Proclamation to other Prin es: the Xogun answered no: for that it would be sufficient, they should see how Christians were handled in jendo, to make them exercise the like in the City's subject to their government: neither was he deceived in his opinion. For no sooner came it to their knowledge, that fifty Christians had been broiled alive by command from the Xogun, but straight ways every Prince began to bestir himself in his own dominions, banishing, imprisoning, & putting to death such as would not renounce the faith of Christ.  
In the City of jendo were resident F. Hierome de Angelis of the Society of jesus and F Francis Galbo of the Order of S. Francis, greatly fructifying, as well in the manuring and fashioning the already Christians, as in the conversion of many Gentiles, whom they gained unto God, carrying themselves ever with that prudent moderation which was necessary in a time of Tempest.  
Among those fourteen Christians which Daisù, than Lord of japonia, banished out of his service and Kingdom the year 1612, was one named john Faramond, rich and noble, who three years after by command of the same Daifù had the ends of his toes and fingers chopped off, and a Cross printed in his forehead with an hot iron; with a strict command that none under pain of death should receive orlodge him throughout the whole Kingdom of japonia.  
This Farramond had a servant whom he had brought up from a youth, in whom he much consided; who degenerating from the exemplar life of his Christian Master gave himself to play and pastime, and other ensuing vices; and his money falling short of his designs, to make himself rich with the price of iniquity, he resolved like another judas to sell his Master, and with him diverse others; thereby to obtain the reward promised to such as should discover the transgressors of the law of Xogun. Going then to the Governor of the City of jendo called jenoquida Cambioie, he told him that Faramond was neereat hand, persisting in his Christianisme, with many more, and namely the Fathers, whom he affirmed to teach and preach the law of Christ, contrary to the Edict of Xogun.  
The Governor taking hold of the accusation, strait commanded diverse of them to be apprehended: who being demanded, whether they were Christians? all answered with an undaunted courage, Yes. He demanded further, whether they knew where they Preacher is kept? and having extorted from one by violence of torments the lodging of F. Hierome de Angelis. he presently sent officers to apprehend him; but the Father, having had some inklinge of what had passed, had changed his abode. The ministers of justice, prevented in their expectation, turned their rage against those of the house, who would fain have satisfied them with a voluntary confession of themselves being Christians: but when nothing would serve the turn, they undertook to effect that the Father should be forthcomminge, and present himself before the Governor: with this they departed, and the Father soon was acquainted with what had passed, who strait resolved like a good Pastor to deliver himself up into the hands of the Governor, for the safeguard of his sheep, and expose manfully his life for the preaching of Christ. No sooner had he put on this holy resolution but strait the whole house burst forth into tears. For though they deemed the Father most fortunate in his determination, yet could they not but extremely feel the loss of such a Master and Pastor; and the more for that, to save them harmless, he exposed his own life. Many offered to accompany him, though with the loss of their lives; and he had much a do to find out reasons sufficient to hinder their resolution and make them stay behind, which he would fain have persuaded Brother Simon jempo saying he Would leave him behind for the stay and comfort of those good people. to whom the good Brother replied. O Father, what means your Reverence to be so cruel towards me? I have betherto accompanied you, and so will even unto death; and if the ministers of justice deny me passage, take me under your arm, and carry me with you: for never was I more desirous to be your Companion, then in the act of dying for Christ. Well, said the Father, be it so in God's name. And with that taking leave of his host, he went to those who had been accused to entertain him: with whom he spent that night, exhorting them to dye manfully for the love of Christ, as it after fell out. Next morning at break of day he departed to present himself with his Companion to the Governor; who having examined them in many points, laid them fast in prison.  
F. Francis de Galbe having notice what passed, retired himself to Camacure a day's journey of, jendo: and being about to ship himself for an other place, was discovered by a spy, bound, and sent unto prison, with many other Christians, some days after F. de Angelis. The choifest Christian taken in company of F. Francis was one Hilary Mongazaiemon of Camacura a man wealthy and noble. Being taken prisoner he was assaulted by his friends and kindred with all sorts of stratagems, but all in vain; he resisting with unspeakable constancy all kinds of offers, yea offering all he had in case of death unto his servants; in token whereof he forgave them great sums of money, which they were owing him. They demanded he would at least in this entreamity, by words disguise his Religion; which he disdaining told them; That neither lise non limb should make him, either in word or deed, belie the Faith of his Redeemer. His wife being taken with him, put on her best apparel, which Hilarius misliking told her; The best things should have been left for God, but the good woman no less generous than her husband replied; in this her intention was to honour God with her best attire in token of joy and triumph to see themselves worthy of so great a favour, as to be imprisoned and seal his Law with their best blood.  
Persecution was at the hottest in jendo when F. Francir was taken at Camacura: the ministers of justice broke with violence into their houses sending them before the Governor and he laid them up in prison: so that in a short space the number arrived to fifty. The Children of the imprisoned were kept as prisoners day & night in their own houses, all their goods being confiscated, and consumed by the violence of under-officers: so that the condition of poor Christians grew excessively intolerable. The Gentiles pursued them, thrusting them out of doors as persons contagious and dangerous: the number of spies, and informers daily multiplied. There was no sheltering place to hide themselves; even those, who had partly yielded, were tormented with the sting of conscience, and the fear of being taken, notwithstanding their conformity. The ways were full of Officers employed against Christians; the gates watched and guarded day and night; in so much that the least afflicted were the already imprisoned; all things breeding horror and amazement to those, who were yet at liberty. Many now constrained to sleep in the open air and sieldes, not finding any that would harbour them; banished even from the common Inns and Taverns. whether no sooner a man arrives, but he in examined, what Religion he professeth. and if he prove a Christian, he is sent away with a thousand reproaches: yea the rigour is such, that all the inhabitants of jendo are constrained to give up their names and profession in writing, & set down, what Bonzo they acknowledge for Master: Withal the manner and behaviour of Christians and Gentiles are so different and opposite, that it is impossible to lie hid though they would never so fain. And therefore many have taken their journey towards the Cami, though otherwise so poor, that they have been constiained to sell their  off their backs, to maintain their wives and children upon the way: choosing rather to endure any inconvenience, then be false to their Religion. Many also of those, who had suffered shipwreck of their faith, did also departed for the same end; undertakinge a ten or twelve days journey to find a salve for their wounds and wash out their offences with the most holy Sacrament of Penance: making profession of Christian Religion, even before those, who before had been witnesses of their weakness.  

The exercise of the Christians in Prison.  
IT is the custom in japonia to have at the entrance of the Prison, a house for the Keeper, which is divided from the common jail, with two strong grates of wood and some twenty foot distant. In this first placewas kept F. the Angelis by a particular favour, as being a stranger, yet with Irons upon him; and Leo his host, as a friend of the Governors.  
The rest were in the inward part, but extremely infested with the darkness, multitude, and other circumstances of the place: their diet being nothing but a little rice sod in water, with some grains of salt. Now Brother Simon preached day and night, with so great zeal and fervour that he converted forty Gentiles to the Faith of Christ; uho were committed for their crimes. And had he lived ten days longer, God gave him hope that all the rest would follow, & embrace that Religion, which was for that present so much hated and depressed on all sides. Thus did the Good Brother assist the Gentiles, by preacheing, as he was accustomed, being Companion to the Father; yet so, that he neglected not his fellow Christians, whom he encouraged to die, And the effects appeared in the cheerfulness of their countenance, and resolution of their hearts. Father de Angelis, who was without, had less matter to work upon, having eight only Gentiles in his Company, whom he converted and baptised: and being he was seldom permitted to visit those within the rails with any comfortable exhortation, he employed himself in making certain paper covers, thereby to relieve, the best he could, their corporal necessities, not being able to afford them spiritual comforts: and in this occupation was he found by one sent from the Superior of the Society in Camai, with his Irons tied up to his neck in a cord, the less to hinder his work. At first he was visited by many, who came under colour of visiting Leo, but the Governor perceiving it, & expecting no good effect from thence, caused Leo to be put further in with his keepers. And to those who resorted unto him, his discourse was only of heavenly matters; show them the only way thereunto to be true Faith, and exhorting them to make light of all things save only God. He heard the Confessions of the christians and filled them with joy, he alone bewailed his own disaster, who upon the torment had discovered others, and the quantity of his tears had made visible furrows in his cheeks.  
But we must not let pass one thing which befell a certain Christian; who went to visit F. de Angelis. A certain gentleman named Lewis going from Cami towards Oxu, where he dwelled, chanced to pass together with his son by the City of jendo: and hearing that F. de Angelis his old friend was in prison he determined, for his comfort, to go and visit him: but the case being dangerous, if he should chance to be discovered, and taken for a Christian, he thought best to dispose of his affairs before hand, as if he had been going to die. And therefore calling his son unto him, he acquainted him with his design; and set down an order which was to be observed, concerning his wife and the rest of his children, in case any thing should happen unto him. The young man about the age of two and twenty years replied; Father, I would not have you think, that I can leave you in this dangerous passage: temporal respects alone, if all other motives failed, do sufficiently forbid me; I will go myself and salute F. de Angelis in yours and my name. In the mean while go home; and hazard not the persons of so many, who depend upon you, by exposing yourself to a personal danger. The Gentleman remained convince and conquered in this holy contention: but it not being in his power to pass, without seeing the Father; offering up his own, and his son's life, they both went unto the prison resolving to suffer what soever encounter might befall them. But it pleased Almighty God, that after they had received much comfort from F. de Angelis and the other Christians, they returned with safety, and edified above measure with the joy and constant resolution, which they perceived in the countetenances of those valorous Champions of Christ now aspiring after death.   

How the above named fifty Christians were burnt alive by command from the Xogun.  
The Cubo being returned from Meaco to jendo, the matters of the Christians were brought before him, and he required to ordain what his pleasure was concerning them: he answered they should demand that of the new Xogun his son, to whom it appertained. The Xogun commanded that as well the Priests, who had preached the faith of Christ as those who had embraced it, should be burnt alive. Incredible was the joy of the Christians, when they heard the tidings of this cruel sentence. F. Hierom de Angelis, who some days before the persecution began, was heard oft to cry out and say; O that I might be burnt alive for my Redeemer; was now found by a certain friend of his, who came to visit him, with a countenance, which well made show that he had his heart's desire. No less was the joyful applause of F. Francis, & all the rest together with Brother Simon, who ever & anon cried out; Cupio dissolus, & esse cum Christo. Finally upon the 4. of December in the morning the ministers of justice came unto the prison, to execute the sentence of Xogun: and the first they laid hands on was F. de Angelis. They took his Irons off his feet, and in lieu thereof, cast a thick rope about his neck with which they tied his hands behind him: the same was done to F. Francis and the rest of the Christians: who being bound, and their number taken, went joyful to the place of execurion. The first of this happy troop was F. Hierome de Angelis, who like their Captain marched before on horseback, with a scroll upon his shoulders, in which his name was written in Capital letters. There followed him on foot Brother Simon jempo, Leo, and others, to the number of sixteen: after these followed F. Francis likewise on horseback, and with a scroll written after the same manner accompanied with sixteen more on foot. Then followed john Farramundo in like manner on horseback, with his name written in a little scroll, accompanied with all the rest of the Christians on foot. Before & behind & on every side were many officers to hinder that none should approach to the condemned persons. And thus with displayed banners they marched in triumph through the streets of the City of jendo, where the Faith of Christ did now lie bleeding. Out of the City in the way leading to Camai appeared fifty pillars or great stakes planted in the place of justice. The three first next unto the city were some what separate from the other forty seven: but all were compassed about with sagots, placed in such a distance that the fire being kindled, those who were tied to the stakes were distant from the flame near about an arms length. The number of people, who came to behold this spectacle, was without number. For a spacious field and a near bordering mountain was quite covered over. There were among them many principal men of note, and Peers of the Kingdom, whom other occasions had called to jendo, not without a particular providence of God, to the end they might be eye-witnesses of so rare an example, and see what strength our holy Faith giveth unto them, that profess it. The generous Champions of Christ being come to the place appointed, were strait bound unto their stakes; those three only excepted who were on horse back, whom they forbade to come down from their horses. There should you have seen them with their eyes lifted up to heaven and their hearts panting which the love of God, on whom their hopes were fixed, and from whom they expected secure in this last passage. F. de Angelis preached which incredible fervour, demonstrating that the only Faith of Christ, for which they died, was true and inviolable; all other being fall and counterfeit. The same affirmed with his accustomed zeal Brother Simon jempo now tied unto his stake; who all the way as he came cealed not to exhort those, whom he met, to embrace and constantly defence the holy faith of Christ. True it is there went forth of prison fifty one, condemned to be burnt: but I have only mentioned fifty, because that unhappy one no sooner was come to the place of justice, but he was let go by the Officers as having given signs of a relenting courage, and a hart eisloyall to his Redeemer. The cause of their death was written in a great table hanged on high, in these ensuing words. These men are Christians.  
At length sire was put unto the heaps of wood, and there was heard a voice of all joined in one echoing forth those happy names of jesus and Maria. It is not to be spoken, with what invincible courage they suffered this horrible torment. For there was not one among so many, who so much as shrunk, complained, or gave the least token of sorrow by any outward expression. This incredible fortitude wrought such admiration in the beholders, that the Gentiles themselves began to mutter to one another, that it was above the reach of nature: since men condemned for their deserved crimes, die with quite different expressions. The Fathers, who stood by on horseback, looked on with eyes of marble, and hearts impregnable: rendering many thankes to God; but no way dismayed; which the judges looked for, leaving them for no other end after the rest, but to fright them with this bloody spectacle & thereby drive them unto a new resolution. But so fare was this happy death from breeding frights in the minds of these goodmen; that two others of the standers by, a man and a woman, inslamed and encouraged at the sight thereof, ran in haste, when the flames were at the highest, unto the Tribunal sear of the judges, crying amain that they were also Christians, and professors of the same Faith for which the forty seven died: yet could they not obtain to be cast out of hand into those burning flames (which was the top of their desire, who burned within with flames of divine love;) but were, by order of the Magistrate, carried bound into prison, where those that saw them, had a continual moving object before their eyes, declaring what power God's Law hath upon the hearts of men, and what vigour is bestowed from heaven upon those who desire exactly to perform his will upon earth.  
The above mentioned having breathed out their immaculate souls, the three on horseback were taken down, and tied each one to his stake. The first next unto the City was john Faramond, after him in order F. de Angelis, and the third F. Francis Galbe. Ear the fire was kindled, the three valorous Champions took their leaves for a moment to meet after in eternity, animating one an other with great zeal & affection: and F. de Angelis did not cease to put john in mind of the brevity of the torments, and the eternity of glory, which they expected. The sior began to dilate itself and mount with fury, so that the servants of God were seen only by glimpse to sustain with incredible courage those devouring flames. F. Hierom was first seen turning himself towards the City in act of prayer for a while, and afterwards to that part whence flames came stifliest upon him seconded with the wind; as well to show that he feared them not, as to have occasion to speak unto the people, who were there in greatest number; and from thence forward he stood upright on his feet, preaching with incredible zeal, till the flames prevailing separated his happy soul from his body & then falling he light upon his knees and so remained. A little after Faramond was seen to embrace a cruel flame, which came into his bosom, as a thing much and long desired, and after that immoovable, ti' his stake breaking carried him prostrate upon the ground. But F. Francis, who expired the last, remained upon his feet even after death leaning unto his stake, which he never abandoned in the time of so cruel torment. Thus ended this Tragedy. It is not easily conceived, what different affections were stirred up in the spectators, at this strange object: yet all generally agreed that their constancy was worthy of highest praises, and above the rest they judged remarkable the magnanimity of F. de Angelis, who might well seem to be their captain both in life and death.  
The bodies burnt, some more, some less, were left in the field, with continual watch upon them for the space of three days: but the Guard was no sooner gone, than the Christians took away the bodies of the two Fathers. Which being perceived, so strait order was taken, that they could not get the rest, as they had determined.  
This execution was performed by Order from the new Xogun the 4. of December: and the day after in an eminent and conspicuous place at the sound of the trumpet was recompensed the principal Actor, who had accused them; the crier pronouncing that to those, who should do the like, like reward should be given, that is a fair house of one of the dead Christians and thirty pieces of gold, which mount to fifteen hundred crowns; Thus was the accuser rewarded, but with so many maledictions, that even the Gentiles themselves, cursed him for it, and wished he might not long enjoy it.   

The names of some of the above mentioned martyrs, according to the order they stood, beginning from the City.  

1. john Faramondo.  
2. F. Hierom de Angelis.  
3. F. Francis Galbe.  
4. Leo Taqueua gonsichi.  
5. Fanzabusi Quaxia.  
6. Chosaiemon.  
7. Brother Simon jempo.  
8. Peter Xixabuco.  
9 john Matazaiemon.  
10. Michael Quizaiemon.  
11. Làurence Cagichi.  
12. Mathias jazaiemon.  
13. Laurence Caeuzaiemon.  
14. Mathias Quizaiem.  
15. Thomas josaeu.  
16. Peter Santario.  
17. Peter Sazaiemon.  
18. Mathias Xegigemon.  
19 Ignatius Choiemon.  
20. Simon Muam.  
21. Dois joccunu.  
22. Isaci.  
23. Bonaventura Quidairi.  
24. john Xinocuro.  
25. Hilary Mangazaiemon.  
26. Francis Quizaiemon.  
27. Saximonoia jinxichir.  
28. john Chosaiemon.  
29. Roman Goniemon.  
30. Emanuel Buyemon.  
31. Peter Quiheiemon.  
32. Quizaburo.  
33. Peter Choiemon.  
34. Andrew Disuque.  
35. Raphael Quichaiemon.  
36. Quizichi.  
37. Antonio.   
The names of the rest are yet unknown unto us.   

A brief Relation of the life of F. Hierom de Angelis, and of Brother Simon jempo of the Society of JESUS.  
F. Hieronyme de Angelis was an Italian, borne in Sicily: he entered into the Society at 18. years of age: being yet a scholar he obtained licence to embark himself for the East Indies, with a desire to have passed into japonia in company of F. Charles Spinola. Ear they arrived into that no less dreaded than renowned Promontory of Buona Speranza, they were forced to give back and take land in Brasile, where having remained some time, they took their way into Portugal, and by the way were taken by English Pirates, and brought into England; on the way the ship being in full speedo F. hieron's chanced to fall into the sea. The heretics made no great haste to help him: but Almighty God stretched forth his hand and so ordained, that the Father, who fell in at the foredeck passing quite under the ship came up alive at the stern, and was freed from so great a danger. In England he was for some time prisoner, as supposed a Spaniard. Thence he was sent to Lisboa, where he took the degree of Priesthood, and then embarked himself for the Indies, and remaining in China till the year 1602, finally passed into his desired japonia. After a years study spent in learning of the language, he was sent by Superiors into Cami, and made Superior of a house of the Society in Fuximi. Here he made his abode for some years, taking infinite pains, as well in cultivating and conserving the ancient Christians, as in making new. Hence was he called by obedience to Surunga the Court of Daifù there to found a residence for men of the Society. He went courageously, and treading under foot all difficulties & oppositions, he founded a Residence, which was the first of the Society in those parts. He endeavoured the same are jendo. But the day appointed for the buying of a house, such a persecution was raised that he was forced to retire back to Surunga, where he remained till all were generally banished out of japonia: then by order of obedience he left his Residence, and went to Meaco.  
Thus banished with others he went to the City Nangasachi, and having obtained leave to live disguised in japonia, he gave the bridle to his own zeal, and like a fiery dart passed through all those Kingdoms & Provinces, & penetrated farther to preach the Gospel, slighting all pain and peril for so worthy and end. Neither was the fruit inferior to his labours. When he went, there was not in all those Kingdoms above a thousand Christians, in Cami: but afterwards they grew by thousands: he alone for his part having baptised ten thousand in the time of his abode, besides many thousand more baptised since, which may be attributed to the industry of this infatigable workman, who was the first Priest, setting only aside the countries of Massamune (where a F. of S. Francis Order laboured for a while) who carried the light of the holy Gospel to Fidandono, Caguicasu, Monganu, Nambu, Sungara, all Provinces of the great Kingdom of Oxu, and themselues equal to kingdoms: more over he penetrated into the kingdoms of Yechigo, Deva, Sando, Masumai or Yezo, which is farther than japonia. He was the first that visited & comforted those prime Confessors of Christ, who the year 1614 were banished into Sungaru the last skirt of japonia, overcoming all dangers & difficulties of a most long an edious journey. His pains, besides those which neceslarily accompany the conversion of so many, may be the better conceived, if you consider the nature of these vast and laborious Provinces. The colds are intolerable, the mountains frequent and insupetable covered over with deep snows, the ways lie oft times between craggy and high mountains: and therefore a japonese, borne in any other kingdom, will never come there, at least to make his abode. And yet was our Father ravished with this feat, conquering with the burning zeal of souls, the frozen climate of the country. There was a cruel tempest against the Christians in the City of Xindai. The good Father straight made thither, and there more than ever put forth his fervour, fortifying them with the Sacraments and other spiritual helps, according to their need. The Christians might not all go to him without danger of discovery and hazard of their lives, and therefore in a disguised weed he appointed them certain place towards the evening, where he met them like some ordinary passenger, and there sometimes standing, sometimes walking, as occasion served he took their confessions, and gave them, by virtue of the Sacrament, force and vigour to stand it out manfully.  
In this Province he made his abode, from the year 1615. till the year 1621. And then by obedience was commanded to go to the City of jendo, there to receive the crown of his labours. Here he procured to have a house, though it cost him dear: for the pains he took to conform himself to the place, time, and company so plucked him down, that he seemed quite an other man: for whereas before he was fresh and full faced, he now became lean and altogether extenuated. He remained in the City the space of two years, for the incredible benefit of many. Yet could he not refrain from his former missions; but found a way into the Kingdoms of jazu, and Caiazzo, where numbers were converted by the labours of this great servant of God. His zeal was accompanied with many other parts and graces, which made him gracious to all. With a certain pleasant affability he came so near the humours of the japonesi, that he won the hearts of all. He embraced all with a smiling countenance, and a harto that seemed to leap out of itself into others. He was often with the sick yielding them all comfort and assistance in their necessities. Finally, to cut of many particulars, which I could relate, loaden with the merits of 22 years spent in japonia, and 38 in the Society, professed of 4. vows, the six and fifteeths of his age, he was burned alive for professing the faith of jesus Christ.  
Brother Simon jempo was borne in Nosu in the Kingdom of Fingo, brought up from a little one in a Monastery of the Bonzi, and imbued in that tender age with the doctrine of Camu and Fotoqui. God so disposed that the Bonzo his Master was converted unto the faith of Christ and Simon following his example, was baptised with some others at the age of 16. years: at 18 he was admitted into the house of the Society as Dogicus or Alumnus, and there lived with extraordinary satisfaction for five and twenty years full of good example and laudable behaviour: his ordinary occupation was to help others in company of the Fathers, by preaching, teaching and reading unto them spiritual books.  
When as the Preachers of God's word were banished into the Philippins, Simon was of the number; who the year after returned back to japonia, and finding the Christians sweeting under the hearty burden of persecution, it cannot be expressed with how much application he served them. The last six years of his life he employed in the Provinces of Quantom & Oxu, with still increasing labour and pains redoubled. He assisted many Christians and converted many Infidels, even in the prison itself, as hath been already set down; continuing a ways a faithful companion unto F. de Augelis in his Missions, sparing no labours neither day nor night, when occasion required. He was ever desirous of two favours from God; one that he might be admitted into the Society; the other that he might die for the confession of his faith. Both requests were signed & granted, he dying in flames at 43. years of age.   

How four and twenty Christians were put to death for the confession of Christian faith in the City of jendo.  
ALl this fire could not melt or mollify the hardened hart of Xogun; nor hinder from commanding a new slaughter the 24. of December of 36. more, men & women; some were burned; others crucified; others cut in pieces: in whose death many circumstances lay open the extraordinary hatred, which he bore against our holy Faith. Of these 36.24. were Christians; the rest Gentiles condemned, either because they had lodged Christians in their house, or answered for them to others. Of the Christians, 6 were burned alive, 5 women and one man, 7 beheaded and crucified.  
The constancy of Mary jagea the mother of Leo Faqucia Gonoxichi was above the rest remarkable, who had lodged in her house Father Hierome de Angelis. The governor bent all the forces of his wit, to make her relent: and therefore left nothing unsaid, which the Devil could suggest him; sometimes promising life; otherwhiles threatening death; then painting forth the dishonour, which her children and husband would receive, a man so well known, and so much made of in Court. But Mary slighted all answering, that she could not but yield to a death which made her way to an eternal life: and for the dishonours mentioned, she esteemed them worthy the name of honours: and therefore he should not need spend more words in this behalf. The assaults were frequent; but without effect: and therefore she was condemned with the rest. The day being come, when this fatal sentence was to be executed, this generous Matron, bound upon a horse, marched foremost, with a smiling countenance, & undaunted courage: which struck deep admiration into the beholders. Four Christian women were the next that followed, whose names are not yet come to our knowledge; and then a man called Francis Cabe. This was he who, whilst the fifty above named were in the flames of Martyrdom, went and declared himself to the judge professing himself to be a Christian. After these followed eighteen little infants, so little that they knew not how to fear death; and therefore they went sporting, and playing, and carrying in their hands such toys as children pass their time with all. A sight which drew tears even from the Gentiles themselves. Of these 18, sixteen were Christians.  
Being come to the place appointed the first dispatched were these little ones; against whom such barbarous cruelty was used, that the only rehearsal breeds horror and amazement: some they beheaded; there's were cloven down from the head to the foot; others were cut off by the middle; others they held by one leg and hacked into several pieces. After this slaughter performed in the very eyes of the Christian women, to strike the greater terror into them, eleven men were crucified; two of which were Christians the one Peter jenzaimon, the other Mathias Buneiemon the cause of their death was written in a table containing this. That these men were punished with death, for either letting their houses unto Christians, or answering for them to others: Of which rank were these two Christians, who pierced through with lances, sent forth their last breath together with the sweet names of jesus and Maria. This Mathias, before this persecution, had showed some signs of weakness; but going out of the prison he professed publicly before all, that he was a Christian, and in that quality desired to die, which he entreated the standers by to let the Xogun & his Governors understand. The same was his declaration, being now mounted upon the Cross. To these men's hands being dead were fastened the heads of the little children slain a little before.  
Mean while the six Christians prepared for the flames with divers prayers and Litanies, nothing daunted with these bloody spectacles. Francis obeying the instinct of God became a Preacher, animating his fellows to suffer manfully, and exhorting the lookers on to embrace that faith, which only can stand with salvation.  
Fire being put, the Christians were seen with their eves fixed on heaven, incessantly calling upon those holy names of jesus and Maria, to give up their spotless souls, not so much as shrinking, or giving the least sign of grief or pain. The cause of their death was set forth in a table, saying; These die because they are Christians. The two gentils, who were separated from the rest, had also the cause of their death expressed, for having lodged Faramonde against the Laws.  
All these ended their happy lives the 29. of December the same year; by order of the same Xogun of jende.   

Of other seaventeen Christians burned alive in the Town of jendo for professing Christian Religion.  
AMong the gentils put to death the 24. of December one was a Page of the Xogun greatly in favour, for having let forth his house unto Christians. This example wrought so powerfully with the Gentiles, that straight they deferred to the Governor all the Obristians they knew, and among the rest the wife of Laurence, who was not summoned by the officers, when her hushand was taken, and with her twenty other Christians, many of which were greatly assaulted, but remained immovable. After six months imprisonment, ten men, and seven women were burnt alive out of the City gates of jendo, towards the East. They endured their torment with incredible constancy for only being Christians, as appeared written in a table over each man's head. Of these we have not as yet the relation in particular, only we know that one died through the incommodity of the Prison: so that there were eighteen in all, who suffered for their Religion.   

A Relation of the Persecution raised in the beginning of the year 1624. in the Countries' of Massamune; in which above 24. Christians were put to death, together with F. Diego Caruaglio of the Society of JESUS.  
THe barbarous cruelty exercised by the Xogun upon Christians in jendo, mooned all the chief of japonia to do the like in their several kingdoms. F. Diego Caruaglio of the Society was Resident for the most part in the City of Xindai the Court of Massamune, superior over those who were in the Country of Date or Idate Massamune. He made often excursions into senerall parts to hear Confessions, and administer the Sacraments unto Christians there about. One of his stations was Mivaque a territory belonging to a noble Christian called john Goto, known of all, even of Massamune himself, for a Christian, and permitted to be so together with his Vassals. Hither was F. Diego come to celebrate with all solemnity the feasts of Christina's and the three Kings, with their wont peace and freedom: when upon the sudden an unexpected tempest was raised. Massamune had been present in jende when the cruel sentence was executed upon Christians, and understanding by a certain servant of his, there were many in his kingdom of the same profession, he gave order diligence should be used to know their number, john Goto only excepted. The servant departed with this order, who had already kindled the coals, by bidding his master look about him, otherwise he might incure some disgrace. No sooner was he arrived to Xindai, but he straight talked with the Governors about the business; and the conclusion was, that all those, that had any rents from the Tono, should be commanded to give up the names of the Christians dwelling in their extent. A chief man among the Governors was one called Moniau juami a capital enemy of our profession, and nothing affected to john Goto: and therefore with many bitter words he laboured to show, that it could not be the intention of Massamune to except john Goto: yea rather he was to be the first assaulted, if they meant to root out Christianity: Which an other Governor perceiving, called Ximonda Daisem, strait gave notice thereof to john, conjuring him with many reasons, rather to change his opinion, then under go the danger of death, and endanger the person of Massamune, to whom be was so much beholding. john made answer, that he acknowledged great benefits from Massamune; but far greater from the hands of God, to whom he was more bound then to all the world: and therefore withed him to forbear all contrary pers wasions, which could never take place. Daisem surcealed for the present; but some days after inviting john unto his house, he led him into the most secret rooms thereof, showing him with great familiarity all the rare and precious things he had, without so much as mentioning Religion, till upon the sudden there came in the wife of Daisem, who turning to john with words full of tenderness, the contured him to for go his belief, even by that love, which had ever been betwixt her son and him: which if she might obtain she should testify the greatness of her obligation by cutting her hair and shaving her head, which was the greatest offer she could make. But john kept his ground and gave her a resolute answer, that his faith was more dear unto him, than his life: and there upon took occasion to lay it down in such lively colours that Daisem in a jesting manner said, it seems he hàth little mind to deny that faith, which he endeavorcth so much to persuade us: so john took his leave victorious.  
At his return home he acquainted F. Diego Caruaglio with what had passed; and from that time they both began to prepare themselves for death. john writ a letter to the Governors, to be showed to Massamune, wherein he processed his obligations to the Tono to be of that nature, that in counter change he would willingly bestow his life, when occasion should serve. But as concerning the deposing his Faith, he craved pardon, if he disobeyed; being other wise ready to accept either banishment or death from the hands of the Tono for the maintenance thereof, without so much as conceiving hardly, or complaining of unkindness.  
The Father likewise prepared himself, and heard the Confession of all the Christians, and to the end his person or presence might be prejudicial to none, he retired himself after many tears of compassion (protesting he would die with them & for them) to a place not far of called Oroxie, where being entertained by a good Christian called Mathias Ifiore, he made unto himself a little cottage adjoining unto Mathias house and there dwelled. He took him neither Dogicke nor servant; but was accompanied by two Christians, who never left him till death sent them all to eternity. There passed not many days when order came from Massamune to one of the principal Governors commanding him to proceed with all rigour against Christians, and namely that he should banish john Goto, unless he denied his faith. The Governor undertook the charge with no small passion, by reason some months before a kinsman of his had been put to death, whom he could in no wise divert from professing Christian Religion. He dispatched presently several messengers into several parts of the Province, commanding them to send all such Christians, as would not conform themselves, to the prison of Xindai, there to receive their deserved punishment. At the same time Massamune writ a letter in his own hand to the Governor Daisem bidding him use all possible persuasion to withdraw john Goto from the law of Christ, which not succeeding he should banish him the Country. Daisem took the letter, and went strait to assault him with all kind of prayers, promises, and persuasions, conjuring him to deny his faith, at least in secret, and none should know thereof, but only he and the Tono. The generous champion of Christ was highly displeased at this proposition; and therefore desired him to use no more words in the business: the law of Christ not remaining in the hart of him, who denies it with his mouth. The Daisem having heard this resolute answer called together all the nobles of Mivaque and the country about, who laid their heads together, and with common persuasions battered for a whole night the constant heart of john de Goto, but all in vain. Whilst this was in doing, the officers of the Governor Suò made cruel war upon the Christians, as well in the rerritory of john de Goto, as in the place where F. Diego Caruaglio lived. The poor Christians were greatly astonished, some fled, others stood to it valiantly. The Daisem thinking this a sit occasion to work upon the constancy of john, joining his people together with the foresaid officers, commanded them to besiege his house, and those of other Christians there about, which they did to the full, stealing all they could lay hands on, and setting fire on the empty houses: but all this made little to Daisem his purpose, for john was nothing moved therewith, and the day following he went voluntarily into banishment, into the Country of Nembu, which borders with that of Massamune on the Northside. The Christians of Oroxie were in great perplexity; sixty of which retired themselves into a little valley, near unto the place, where F. Caruaglio made his abode, who all this while knew nothing of the coming of the officers, only careful of the good success of john Goto his business. But whilst they were burning and spoiling, a certain spy gave them notice, that F. Diego Caruaglio with many Christians were in Oroxie, whereupon the Governor sent presently to take them prisoners. The officers coming to Oroxie searched all the houses of the town, and found neither Father nor Christian: and being ready to return they chanced to espy that valley, and suspecting there might be somewhat, they found out the little cottages; and demanding, what they were that inhabited? answer was made; that they were Christians retired thither from the fury of persecution. There needed nu more, for strait they laid hands on them, overturning their poor cottages, and misusing their persons with barbarous cruelty. F. Caruaglio seeing this outrage, and his poor sheep in distress, for the glory of God and good of souls, with a sweet and smiling countenance, he issued forth of his little cabanne and offered himself to the Ministers of justice, saying, I am he, whom you look after, the Preacher of the law of Christ the only way to true happiness, The officers rushed in upon him, and binding him with many others, whom they had most barbarously stipped stark naked, they carried them to Mi●que to the house of the judges, where they were put of, and made expect from the morning till midday, with no small incommodity to those who were naked, and stood in an open place, whilst it actually snowed. At last brought in, the first examined was F. Caruaglio accompanied with two Christians, Matthew Magobaius and Paul Quisusque. His name country, quality being asked; they demanded further, whether he preached the law of the Christians: the Father answered that he had not only preached it, but was ready to seal it with his blood. After him the other two were examined, & the one found to have lodged the Father, the other to be his disciple; upon which they were sent to a certain house, where the Father spent greater part of the night in prayer and hearing Confessions. At break of day they were transferred to a place called Midrusava, the Governors' threatening to take the life's not only of the Christians but of their wives also. Some of the principal gentils invited them to their lodging, but the fervent Christians answered, that no lodging should be welcome, which could not admit the profession of their faith. And so they went on courageously: two of the company not being able to travail, by reason of their weakness and old age, were beheaded by their barbarous guides upon the way, in a certain valley, the 9 of February 1624. their names were Alexius Coiemon and Dominique Dosai: their heads being off, they hacked the bodies in many pieces to try the edge of their swords. It is hard to say what they suffered in this troublesome journey, being continually covered over with snow. That day they came to a place, where they were dispersed in several lodgings. The Father was lodged with the Ministers of justice, who were curious to hear some points of Christian doctrine, which he liberally imparted by explicating the Credo; then they asked whether those rumours were true, that the Fathers should go about to usurp the kingdom of japonia: The Father answered that Europe far exceeded for silver, gold, precious stones and all other commodities; and therefore it was a thing unlikely, they should forgo it upon so uncertain an attempt, and so unequal a change; especially the distance being so great, that three years are required to perform the voyage. That it was easy to see, what kingdoms they sought after, that is salvation of souls; since for the preathing of Christian Religion they suffered all manner of danger, torment, and death itself. The next day the marched after the same manner, tied two and two together, with one to guard them, with a writing upon their shoulders importing this word Christians: and so they came to Midrusara, where they were made stand in the open streets till it was night, exposed to the wind and bitter cold, In Midrusara were two principal Officers called Safaoca Bingo and Faximoto Bungo: the prisoners were not immediately brought before these, but were examined first by certain Notaries, who set down punctually in writing all their answers, and namely that they would rather die, then deny their Faith. The day following the two chief officers, informed of what had passed, called for the prisoners before them; and entreated the Father, to persuade the rest from their Religion; the Father answered, it was a part of his office to do quite the contrary. Little pleased with this answer, they tried all the rest one after an other, but found them all in one tune: at which they storming and turning to the Father, they threatened to send them to the City of jendo, there to receive a most cruel death. The Father answered; He would count it a special favour to be cut in pieces for the faith be preached: Hereupon the officers against the custom of japonia, caused the wife of Matthew, called Sabina, to be taken prisoner: She was bound and so led before them. The officers importuned the Father to dissuade her at least, being a woman, from Christian belief: but he answering as before, they tried themselves by all means to withdraw her: but she constantly prevailing was sent a way, & some of the rest were sent to the house of a principal officer, who by threats and promises sought to over come them: this not prevailing he caused their legs to be pressed between certain boards with excessive torment. Leo and Mathias only were put to this torment; for the officer perceiving them so constant would pass no further, but sent them to Xindai to the Governor Suò, to the end he might dispose of them at his pleasure.  
They took their journey strait bound and well guarded as before, and upon the way met with a certain Christian called Michael, who did all he could to make the Sergeants lead him prisoner with the rest; but could not obtain his suit, because he was a stranger: The pains of their journey were extraordinary, by reason of continual rain, snow and other incommodities of the time. The Father did his part to make sweet and easy the difficulties of the way, by exhorting them to patience and constancy. But above the rest was admired the courage of Leo, who having had his legs all squeezed with the torment, outwent them all, never showing so much as the least sign of pain or feeling: They had not gone fare, when they met with an other Christian called julian Fiemon, who declaring his profession made suit to be of the number and led to prison; who obtained his petition, to the no small comfort of the rest, who hoped Almighty God would increase aswell their courage, as their number. Come at last to Xindai they were put into the common jail by order from the Governor Suò, being nine in number. The Father desired much to have spoken with the Suò, to have undeceaved him: but neither he, nor any of the prisoners, could ever obtainè to see him.  
Before Father Diego and his came to Xindai, many had been put to death with several torments, brought from several parts. The first, who suffered in Xindai, were Mark Cafroy and Mary his wife inhabitants of a certain place calied Omura. His officers coming unto those parts, certain friends of Mark, not acquainting him, affirmed to the persecutors that Mark and his wife were no more Christians: they satisfied with this, were already gone their ways; when Mark and his wife, understanding how the business had been carried, and therefore thinking thames lues bound to disclaim from the imputation laid upon them, by discovering themselves and professing their faith openly before he officers, left their house and gooes to the charge of certain slaves, and took a long journey to overtake the persecutors, & profess their faith, though with loss of their lives; Which they did accordingly; neither could they be drawn from it by any means of persuasion. They placed them both in public stark naked, for the space of a whole day: but this abating nothing their courage, they were sent to Suò in Xindai, who strait gave order they should be burn aline, being first led through all the streets of the town, with a trumpet before them declaring, that these were so condemned for their obstinate professing of Christian faith. Whilst they were thus lead up & down the town towards the fire, they met with new assaults, life being proffered them, so they would yet relent: but Mark answered in the name of both that no torments should ever take them from the faith of Christ. Thus came this happy couple unto the place of execution, where Mark bound to a stake with the sacred names of jesus and Maria imprinted in his hart and lips, rendered up his soul a midst the flames, the first of February. 1624. Whilst Mary on the other side, in the height of her torments melted into a shower of comfortable tears, sweetly thanking the divine goodness, for having bestowed upon her infinite benefits, and this above the rest most dear unto her.  
For the confession of the same faith two more were burnt, the Father and the son, on several days: the Father was called Andrew Camon; and the son Paul Sancuro. For the same cause another called Peter Chinzo, gave his head, his body afterwards being cut into small pieces. On the 12 of February four more were put to death john Anzai a Physician 60 years of age, his wife also far in years, an other kinsman called Andrew Icyomon, and a servant of john's called Lewis. Andrew and Lewis were beheaded and their bodies after hacked in pieces. But john and Mary ran a more difficult and glorious course. First were they assaulted in their own houses, with threats and promises proceeding from their carnal friends, and a bloody tyrant. But Suò seeing his hopes deluded caused them to be put into a great river, which passed through the town: but many waters could not extinguish their Charity. They suffered this torment with a merry countenance, though in the deepest of Winter, and a most bitter frost. Now and then would they thrust them over head and ears, bidding them deny their faith: but all they could get from them, was an absolute denial. So that despairing to obtain any thing this way, they took them out of the river, and naked as they were set them one horseback, and led them through the City, with a trumpet before them declaring the cause of their punishment. At the end of every street they made them comed wne from their horses, and asked them a new; whether they would deny their faith? they persisting in the negative, buckets of cold water were poured upon them. Thus passed they with incredible constancy through the whole City till they came to the chief street: there being bound to the gates (for in japonia every street is shut in with rails) they were exposed to the cruelty of all, who cast so great abundance of frozen water on them, that nature yielding, they died in the midst of their torment, with a denial in there mouths, loaden more with merits then with years; leaving the Christians with comfort, the Gen ills with confusion to lee such courage in an age so decrepit.  
After these were beheaded Simon Ficoyemone, Monica his wit, and a son of theirs; whose name we know not. These were put to death in joioma by command from the Lord of the place for professing Christian faith. In Vsuquino one called Gaspar Ichniemon suffered the same death for the same cause.  
It is now time to return unto F. Caruaglio & his Companions, whom we left in prison. these upon the 16 of February, which is the last of the japonian year, were taken out of jail, and led to a river which runs through the town; near unto which was a certain lake paled about, being round, and filled with the water of the same river some two foot deep. Here the prisoners, being stripped naked, and tied each one to the stakes which were round about, were compelled to sit down in the water, and there remained for the space of three hoares. Mean while the tormented persons used no other language but this jesus Maria: Praised be the B. Sacrament: Blessed be God for ever, and 〈…〉. F. Diego encouraged them all, not only by words, but by example, sitting in the water like a body of marble that felt nothing: and when he left of exhorting, his eyes modestly composed, and as it were vanished in a profound contemplation, left not of to preach; Those who were present at this spectacle, impior: with compassion, persuaded all they could those afflicted persons to abandon Christ; but their answer was that they were ready rather to endure ten thousand torments. Hereupon they turned their rage upon the Father, vomiting forth against him many injurious threats; doing him several assrouts, which he endured with incredible patience, still animating his fellow patients. Three hours being ended (because the tyrant would not have them die there) they were drawn forth; but in such pitiful plight, that hardly could they move a joint; being stark with cold, and half frozen they cast themselves upon the sands on the river side. Only F. Diego forcing himself, sat down with his legs a cross (which was his usual posture at home) and his hands joined upon his breast, his head bowing down, and so put himself into an act of prayer; with no small wonder to the Gentiles, to see a man in that plight enjoy such calm and peace of mind. Two there were, Mathias Sifyoie and julian jemon who died as soon as they came out of the water. Whilst they were upon the sands, comes a message from the Governor to the Father; that he and his companions should be delivered, if he would only exhort them to deny their faith. The Father scorning the proposition, made them see that the frozen water had nothing quenched the flames of divine love burning in his breast: and therefore answered courageously that he would rather exhort them to ensure a world of torments, then buy their liberty at so dear a rate: the messenger returned to the Governor with his message; who raging with spite, sent an other to assure them they should be burnt alive, without the least spark of compassion. They all answered with one voice, that they could not receive more happy tidings. hereupon after many persuasions to small purpose, they were commanded back to prison, warned to prepare themselves for a hotter element. So they were curried back with guards upon them; the bodies of the two already dead, being cut in pieces and cast into the river. The people cried out amain against F. Caruaglio; which he endured with no less joy than patience. Being in prison, it is incredible what calamity they endured vatill the 22 of February, the fourth day of the japonians new year: but all was devoured with invincible courage, preparing themselves with a kind of greediness for the expected fire. The 22 day in the morning, the year 1624., they were drawn out of prison, not to end their lives in fire as they expected, but in a contrary element: for about noon they were led to the place above mentioned, and there stripped naked were tied, as before to their several stakes. At first they made them stand upright in the water knee deep, then forced them to nt down so that the water came up to their breast, and changed their posture from time to time to increase their pain. The blasphemies and injurious speeches of the people were intolerable, falling chief upon the Father.  
The language of those, who suffered, was the same that before jesus Maria etc. and thus they persevered immoovable till the evening. Then begun the waters to freeze, aswel by reason of the cold, as the wind which entered on every side, and the snow which fell from above in abundance: so that the torments of these servants of God, was increased from all parts. They soon perceined that their time approached, and therefore with most amorous words and inflamed Charity taking leave of one an other, they set themselves to implore the help of God, giving him thankes for the bestowed benefits, and beseeching the most B. Virgin to obtain succour for them from her son jesus in this last period. F. Diego redoubled his encouragements, when Leo Gognemon began to faint and struggle with the pangs of death; which the Father perceiving, turning to him in particular cried out, yet awbile, yet awhile: we shall quickly have an end: at which words Leo receiving new strength seemed to joy in his torments, and calling upon the holy names of jesus and Maria gave up his soul unto his Creator The next were Antony Sazaymon, and Mathias Xoiano; who already dead, F. Caruaglio not knowing so much, and calling upon him, he answered to the Fathers call even after death, as was observed by those who were next about him. Mean while comes a Gentle, and offers to deliver out of the torment any that would relent, viewing above the rest Mathias Taroyemone his especial friend, but all answered with a resolute No: so that soon after there expired in the fourth place, Andrew Nigemon with the sweet names of jesus and Maria in his mouth. In the same manner finished his course Matthew Mangobioye, who was the fifth and Mathias Tonoyemon the sixth, who drawing towards an end, called upon the Father saying farewell Father, farewell: I am at the last; to whom the Father departed in peace, and so he died without further ceremony, with the happy names of jesus and Maria hanging in his lips.  
It was now five of the clock in the evening and therefore the people retired, leaving yet alive the Captain of the rest F. Diego Caruaglio: but he was not abandoned of certain Christians, who remained by, till he died: they affirm that a little before midnight the generous Champion of Christ, with incredible constancy, repeating again and again the hopeful names of JESUS MARIA, ended the period of his life and labours.  
The constancy of the Christians was commended even by the Gentiles, especially of F. Diego, who in more than ten hours' torment was never seen so much as to tremble for cold, the inward fire burning in his soul conquering the outward cold, which afflicted his body: famous aswell for the newness of his torment, as the many lost persuasions, spent to withdraw him from his faith. For the Tyrants commonly use no persuasions to honours, knowing by experience that it is labour lost, and this was the first time that this torment was practised in japonia. All these servants of God passed to a better life the 22. of February; the other two above named on the 18 of the same Month 1624. by order of Idate Massamune governor of those quarters. In the morning the dead bodies were taken out of the lake, & chopped in pieces were cast into the river, excepting the heads of 4 & that of F. Diego; which some Christians found means to have, and keep them with greater veneration.  
F. Diego was a Portughese borne in Conimbra, he entered into the Society at 16 years of age. the year 1600 he went to the Indies with intention to pass to japonia; he suffered much upon the way; and after five years went to Macao; there he stayed till he had finished his courses of Philosophy and Divinity; and the year 1609 he entered his so much desired japonia. He employed the first year, as the custom is, with extraordinary diligence to learn the language: this done for two years he cultivated Christianity in the Lands of Quamacusa: thence departing he went to Meaco and to the Country of the Cami, but soon was chased thence, with the rest, out of japonia towards Nangasachi and Macao, the year 1614, where he preached the Gospel. In the beginning of 1615 he was sent into Cochinchina in company of F. Francis Buzoni, to found a new that mission; where he laboured with extraordinary zeal: but by a special providence the year following he came back into japonia. He spent the first year in Omura with excessive zeal and Charity: in the year 1617. he made his profession of 4 vows and was sent into Ofu: he visited three several times the Christians sent into banishment into Sungaru the last shire of japonia. He went twice to jezo and was the first Priest that ever said Mass there. He truailed over the kingdoms of Oxu and Deva, taking the pains we have else where specified, speaking of F. de Angelis in the like occasion. He was the first that resided in Aquita & Xemboun; where he planted in a manner what there was of Christianity: here he had his part of a persecution raised against Christians, in which many were sent into banishment; who persuading him to retire and to save himself for the good of many, he could never be induced to abandon his flock; which likewise befell him at this time in the Country of Massamune. He was infatigable in advancing and setting forward Christian Religion: and to conclude he was endowed with extraordinary humility, charity, affability and other like virtues: after 30. years spent in the Society and 15. in the mission of japonia, abounding with merits he gave up his life for Christ the 46 year of his age.  
In the country of Camofidadono, one of the principal Lords of the kingdom of Onu, diverse Christians were sent into banishment; others taken, and some also newly converted showed how frail and weak man's nature is: three hundred and threescore persons of age received baptism before the persecution, which proved to be so terrible, that F. john Matthew Adam of our Society had much a do to hide his head, or find sustenance necessary for life.   

Of the persecution in the kingdom of Deud and the death of three Christians.  
WHilst in the year 1623. the Xogun put so many Christians to death in jendo, there chanced to be present in the court Yoxinobu Xataquedone Lord of the greatest part of the kingdom of Deva; who fearing the displeasure of the Xogun, gave order unto Fanyemon his chief Governor to make diligent inquiry after such Christians, as were to be found in his estate, and proceed with all rigour against them. The Governor complied so exactly with his charge, that in a short space he cast into prison above two hundred, and the greatest part persons of account. The first was a gentleman called, john Catauneme, who being assaulted with all kind of stratagems, persisted notwithstanding so constantly, and preached Christian faith with such fervour to the standers by, that they confessed themselves for convinced, and kept back from embracing it with only fear, This man had a little son of 7. years old, whom he brought up in this manner to make him constant in his faith. Be sure, would he often say, that thou under go any death whatsoever, rather than deny thy faith: one day among the rest ear he was taken prisoner looking upon his chile; well, said he, art thou resolved rather to be burnt alive by the hand of the justice, then to deny thy faith? You Father, replied the little one, what do you resolve upon in the like case? Why I would burn; saith the Father. So would I too, answered the child; I'll try, saith the Father, whether thou be like to resist, when occasion shall require. Come hither; take this burning coal into thy hand, and keep it till I bid the cast it away. The child opened his hand, and the Father said in it a red hot coal; which the child held in his hand till his Father bade him cast it down; though it had already burnt the skin and singed the flesh. His Father demanding, whether he found it hot? One, answered the child, resolute to let himself be burnt alive, as I am, hath no great difficulty to hold a ceale in his hand, for so short a space. I his came to be known of both Christians and gentils: these were confounded; and those encouraged to see so strong an example in so weak a subject. With whole troops of his friends and kinsfolk was john Fot Cavas Quiemon importuned for the space of 20. days, who exhorted him, at least in words to deny his faith. But he true unto Christ, answered, he would not do it for all the gold in the world, they called him madman but all in vain: wherefore despairing to prevail with him, they let upon Lucy his wife; who no less constant, would not be drawn from her resolution with the consideration of goods, children, or her own life: and therefore john being led to prison with his two sons, she was left under guard in her own house, together with her lesser children, as the custom was in the beginning of this persecution observed towards women of quality. One of these called Thomas, being under age, and therefore to have stayed with his mother, used so many stratagems, that at length he found means to accompany his father to prison; where he became a voluntary servant of those imprisoned Confessors, who were about some forty in number; nor could any ever forbidden him this work of charity.  
An other Christian called Alexius Moiemon being diversely tempted, assured them that not only the whole City of Cubota, bet neither the Teno joxinoba, though he came in person should be able to remove him one inch from his faith. He was not alone in this resolution, but had many followers: of which two were beheaded Lewis Tarogt, and Matthew Xichyemon; these two were in the service of a noble man in jendo, when the Christians were put to death, and by him greatly solicited to deny their faith; which he not obtaining put them out of his service, giving them warning not to go to the kingdom of Deva: but they, desirous of a crown of martyrdom, went strait thither, and obtained their desire, and became with dying for Christ, of servant's freemen, the 7. of Febr. 1624.  
A certain young maid called Monica of 25 years of age was no less molested: she had served some later years the wife of Sataquedone who, as is mentioned else where, not being able herself to receive baptism, persuaded most of her servants thereunto; of which Monica was one, baptised by F. Diego Caruaglio. Her mistress, though a gentle, being sont into banishment for the law of Christ, Monica was forced to leave her, and betake herself to the City of Cubota, where she had many of kindred. She grew so much in devotion, that to the end they might not importune her to marry, she cut off her hair, to give herself more fully to Christian piety. The Governor, understanding that she was Christian, endeavoured by means of his own wife to draw her back; but Monica stood it out courageously, till one day the Governor in presence of many bid her resolve either to deny her faith, or lose her head: her answer was, by stretching forth her neck, and saying, that her faith was dearer unto her, than her lise: and in the saying, her head was strooken off, in the City of Cubota, the year 1620.  
Notwithstanding all the troubles, there have been baptised in this kingdom three hundred persons of age.   

Of Christianity in the countries of Cami.  
IN these countries eight of our Society are resident six Fathers and two Brothers; having charge of many Christians, & putting their hands to several missions of diverse kingdoms, as well of Goquinat and others near about, as of Cugoco and Scigeco. This year eleven hundred threescore and two persons of age have received baptism, who understanding the news of persecution, made their recourse unto God more diligently than ever, by frequenting the holy Sacraments, and other spiritual exercises, and in particular by keeping in several places the prayer of the quarante hour. In Ozaca there was an order that all Gentiles, who had Christians in their houses, should dismiss them: where upon the poor Christians were put to their shifts, suffering great extrean ity (it being the depth of winter) as well in their own persons, as in their poor children, not finding where to shelter themselves, and oftentimes not permitted to lodge upon the high ways, for fear of displeasing the Xogun: so that they were often constrained to take up their rest in the middle of the open fields, exposed to the violence of extreme cold.  
Their only comfort was when they met together, entertaining one an other as if they had been brothers, and drowning their own miseries with comfortable speeches and mutual encouragements drawn from the person of their Redeemer. When they met with any of our Fathers, their sighs were a praeludium to their tongues and their tears pleaded their cause before their words. Yet God provided a howl for his servants, which belonged to one of the chiefest Christians of that city called Paul, whither they all went, and were provide not only with spiritual helps, but even with temporal. For this worthy Paul having sent his wife & children into the country stayer himself behind with two of our Fathers; he helping to the uttermost of his forces their temporal necessities; the Father's employing themselves for their spiritual good, arming them with the Sacraments, with exhortations and the like, and in particular encouraging them to stand resolutely in defence of their faith. Yet they began to fear least the presence of the Fathers should increase their persecution, and that for many reasons so that the Superior resolved to go a good way out of town and live in a certain little cotrage out of the way. A certain Christian called Paul, as rich in faith, as he was poor in fortunes, was extreanly set upon by the Gentiles, and not permitted to go upon the ways (such was their fury to make him deny Christ:) but he that was accustomed to this kind of sport, having here to fore been banished for the Law of the true God, took thence occasion to preach and denounce him with greater fervour.  
In the territory of a certain Governor called Anabu Auagi many Christians have behaved themsolues bravely: among the rest a certain Physician, called Thomas who having been formerly banished for his faith, now again with more constancy than ever giving the nay to his friends and kinsfolk, was sent the second time, with all his family, into banishment, to show how deeply the name of Christ was printed in his hart. These afflictions endured with all rigour four months and more, relenting nothing in the hart of the City, though somewhat appeased in the Boroughes an Villages near above. Certain Christians of the kingdom of Fococo eight day's journey from Oxora have greatly edified the Christians of these parts, taking a long journey to prepare themselves for this persecution, by confessing and communicating.  
There hath no wanted matter for other Christians to show their valour and constancy, for those namely of Sachai, Fuximi and Meaco, where a certain Gentleman had the greatest part of his goods confiscated, and was himself sent into banishment, whom not long after above two hundred followed, banished for the same cause from Sachai.  
In Fuximi and Meaco, notwithstanding the persecution, two hundred persons of age have been converted; diverse in the afforesaid places gave back and began to yield; who afterwards, with public demonstration of true repentance, have made satisfaction.  
near unto Coquinai the persecution hath caused some loss, yet far greater hath been the gain.  
In a kingdom near unto Izzu the tempest of persecution carried all before it, by reason of the nearness to jendo; yet the Christians, though otherwise of late standing, resisted manfully: many enduring banishment and other calamities. A Father of our Society was sent in Mission; who gathered together the dispersed flock; a hundred and fifty of age having received Baptism, before the persecution began.  
Another of our Fathers went to the kingdom of Ouari, who set many on foot again, whom persecution had made stagger. In a certain place of this kingdeme, called Ichinomiya; Almighty Gods providence was particular in the conservation of a handful of Christians; The Gentiles conspired together to work them from their faith; but they, both men, women, and Children resolved rather to die, then do any misbeseeming a Christian. The Gentiles having tried many ways to batter the Christians constancy, all others failing taken this as most expedient. They sent unto the Christians, all their creditors to exact payment on a certain day, or otherwise to have them deny their Faith, which if they did, their debts should be pardoned them. It was done accordingly: but the good Christians, though poor and labouring men for a great part, to holp out one another, that every one found means to pay his debts. The Gentiles raging here at, begun to threaten them death: but they more meek than ever, went and offered up to their Masters all that was remaining, saying; they had now need of nothing more, since they hoped to die for Christ. Thus did they conquer, and not only become victorious themselves; but succoured also the necessities of other Christians, who were banished for Christ, which they did with invincible Charity, towards those particularly who had been cast out of the kingdom of Mino; many of which had left their houses their goods, and all their possessions.  
In the kingdom of Xefat the rigour was not so great: only there came out of a proclamation forbidding any one te let his house to Christians. About this time there fell sick, in the fame place Cagivata Fayemone a Christian of account; who made known in the extremity of his sickness, how much he esteemed the faith of Christ. No sooner was he fallen down but he called for a Confessarius, and in the progress of his disease, all his thoughts were emploved in making acts of Contrition & piery: which to a certain servant of his seemed excessive; and therefore said his Master was out of his wits but Fayemon answered that he knew full well what he did and that salvation could not be bought with too much diligence. It happened finally that the force of his sickness put him beside himself, and then turning towards the standers by, he cried out. Who is there? what meaneth this? Is it possible? are we but only four Christians here? where be the rest? call them, call them: and let us with heart's united resolve to stand to our faith, when the edict shall be published against the Christians: and so he died, leaving those of that were present greatly enified, to see a man both in his senses, and bereft of them, esteem so much his faith and salvation.  
In the kingdom of jomi hath been the like trouble, the Christians of Saoyame's a principal place of that kingdom, armed themselves with the holy Sacraments to resist their enemies. A certain Gentle inhabitant of the said place, and brother to one of the Governors had for some time before a desire to be baptised; and understanding of the persecution, which began, he discoursed with himself in this manner; If all the Christians be sent into banishment, or put to death, who shall baptise me? I will therefore take commodity, whilst I may: and there upon went and received Baptism.  
In the kingdom of Fococo the Christians escaped persecution: for though they were terrified, yet Faxuia Chichuyendono stirred nothing: both because he judged it time lost to go about to persuade a gentleman & a soldier to change their opinions, saying: that he that was not constant in the service of God, much less would be true to men: and therefore neither he nor other chief men, went about to divert the Christians from their belief.  
A Priest of our Society hath taken his journey into the kingdoms of Canga, Noto, and jucchi, there to visit & help the Christians with the accustomed exercises of the Society.  
The Christians of the kingdom of Quinocuni have been visited, where the Merchants only are persecuted and not the Noblemen; F. john Baptista Porro of our Society hath charge of Christians of the kingdoms of Farinia Byten, Chiungoco, and Schigoco, being continually in Mission visiting & helping now one part, now another, with great labour and no less fruit. The news of the persecution coming thither, the good Pastor redoubled his diligence, & found them also resolute to give their lives for Christ; and to that end he gave them the holy Sacraments: the effects whereof were such that in their conflicts they all behaved themselves most constantly a few excepted; the number whereof almighty God made up with forty two new soldiers, which he called to his side.  
The Lord of the kingdom of Bisaen, though he be not contrary in opinion to the law of Christ, yet to comforme himself to the will of the Xogun, he ordained, that all the Christians should be banished out of his state. To which effect the proclamation came out of Ocayama the head City of that kingdom: and lest any mightly close, it was ordained, that every one should give up his name in a paper, setting down the sect which he professed, what Temple of the Idols he frequented, & what Bonzo he acknowledged for director. And strait all those were put out of the City, who refused to do it; and by a particular grace from God all, as well rich, as poor; gentlemen, Merchants, Magistrates or of what profession soever, chose rather to be deprived of all things, then of God: the officers used extreme rigour in executing their Commissions, turning away even the meanest peasants; using all diligence not only in great towns, but even in boroughes and villages; and calling before them the heads of families, to justify that they had turned away all those that were Christians: who in great numbers, and with admirable constancy, went rejoicing into banishment, preferring heaven before the land of Gayama and Bisem. Of which number was a woman of account, married to a Gentle of her quality, who was commanded by the Governor, either to turn her away, or make her a Gentle. Many persuasions were used to this end by all her kindred, which she manfully resisted; and rather chose in company of her servants a voluntatie banishment towards Nangasachs, though in a most unseasonable time, it being the depth of winter, then to live in continual danger, and occasions leading to perdition. A certain Page was threatened by his Master, that he would cut of his head, unless he denied his religion: the Page in stead of answering stretched forth his bare neck ready to receive the blow, which yet the Gentille had not the hart to give, but turned him out of his service.  
In the kingdom of Farima, the tempest was not so fierce: yet many were sent into banishment, some turned away their servants, and others their very children, for being Christians. In the kingdom of Bithu one of those few, who followed the law of Christ, hearing the cruelty of the persecution, left a certain house, he and his whole family, which the Tono had given him, saying it was not now time to dissemble. He was therefore sent the second time into banishment, and heartened all the rest, to endure the incommodities, which they were liable unto by proclamation, by gathering them together in his house, and arming them with spiritual conference, and reading pious books againsts all future encounters.  
The kingdom of Bingo escaped better than that of Aqui. One of our Fathers, departed a month before from the City of Firoxima, leaving all the Christians full of courage & comfort: when on the suddene comes forth a proclamation, that all those, who were Christians, together with their wines and children, should strait departed the City: it was executed accordingly with no small cruelty, they being thrust not only out of their houses, but of the highways, and forced in the cold nights (it being the midst of winter) to lie in the open fields; in so much that many fell sick, and some died thereof, whose names are not yet come to our knowledge, In all other places there about, the like cruelty was used: but all shown invincible courage, many choosing rather to stay than go, to the end they might be carried to prison and suffer death for Christ. Among many good, some also were wanting in their duty; of which one coming to himself again, writ a letter to the Governors, giving them to understand, that they should no longer mistake his meaning; for that he was now resolved rather to part with his life, than his Religion. The Governors dissembled the matter with him: but it passed otherwise with one Francis joyama Sintaro.   

The death of Francis joyama Sintaro, in the Gitty of Firoxima.  
WHilst the Officers went from house to house, to take every man's name, and belief in matter of Religion; he Steward of Francis, in the name of his Master, who then was absent, gave up in writing, that no Christian dwelled in that Palace: which Francis at his return having understood, first reprehended his Steward, and then sent a note ro the officers ro let them know his Steward had abused them for that he was indeed a Christian, and so minded to continued till death; The Gonernours much amazed, to see so great constancy in a youth, determined to abate it upon any terms. First they employed his kindred, who together with all the Nobility plied him for thirty days together: neither did those only, who were present try their skill, but the absent also by letters and large promises of great preferments about the Prince's person, so he would relent; The brave young Champion had no sooner read the first letter tending to this purpose, but strait he toare in pieces all the rest of the packet, and threw them into the fire. At which the messenger amazed, bade him look what he did; for that the letters were of great importance, and that he might do much better to change his Religion, to whom Francis imposing silence, bad him keep his Counsel for some body else. His Father in law did also his best to withdraw him, and among other persuasions, threatened to take his wife from him, unless he yielded: at which Francis smiling, replied that neither wife, nor all the world could yield, should separate betwixt him and his Religion.  
Mean while the valorous Champion had recourse to his ghostly Father, arming himself with the holy Sacramenta for greater enterprises. At his return from the good work, news was brought him that Mathias Xobora Scizaimon was taken and laid in irons for the Confession of Christ: at which felicity envying he begun to exclaim with joy, o happy, thrice happy Mathias! and taking pen and paper writ him a letter full of spiritual comfort with extraordinary feeling. Scarce was the letter made up and sent, when behold four soldier's gentlemen sent from the Tono, to know the present state of his mind, which they soon perceived to be the same, and made their report accordingly. Hereupon the Tono gave order, that when it grew dark, three others should goeunto him, and dispatch him out of the way, unless he changed his mind. The three went at the time appointed, and having beset the house, they came in upon him, and demanded; if he would yet change his mind? that thereby he might greatly gratify the Tono; whereas his obstinacy might peradnenture cause him a dear repentance, and no less than death. At the sound of death Francis turning to them told them; he could never look for more welcome tidings: and if they should hap to be the Messengers themselues, he would receive them not as men, but as Angels from heaven; and so saying for reverence kneeled down before them. The Gentiles were out of themselves at so unaccustomed a manner of proceeding; and to comply with their command from the Tono, told him plainly they were come to take his life from him, and that therefore according to the fashion of japonia be might cut up his own belly. This, replied the valiant Champion of Christ, is forbidden me by the law of Christ: but if you have order to take my head, here it is; I will not refuse it. Only if you please, I'll go first to take leave of my Mother, which was granted him. Then going by certain secret doors, he found her in her chamber, and with incredible tokens of joy he broke forth into these speeches; Behold Mother the neure is come, which I have so often and earnestly begged from heaven. I am even now to give my blood for Christ: help me to thank Almighty God for so great a favour: and in token you sorgive all the faults and offences, which I have committed namely against yourself give me your last benediction; and with this, cast himself upon his knees; The poor Mother with eyes drowned in tears, took him in her arms, and embraced him, and with a countenance cheered up, answered; God bless thee, dear son, and give thee grace and strength necessary for so great an enterprise. I confess, there is no loss in this world so sensible; for in thee I lose all my support and comfort: yet I am overioyed to see thee die for Christ. Blessed be his holyname for his benefits bestowed on us both, and this in particulars with that came in his wife, and all the standers by burst forth into lobs and tears to see them take their leaves. Francis alone stood undaunted; and left her for a pledge the love of jesus, whom he desired for a last favour, she would always keep in her hart, and rather die then falsisy her faith. This done he returned to the room, where he was expected, and stretching forth his neck, was beheaded for his Religion the 16. of February 1624. in the 24 year of his age.  
Francis Sintaro was borne in the kingdom of Caiazzo of noble parentage: he was baptised at 16 years of age, and as he grew in years so grew his love and fear of God: he received and lodged our Fathers in the kingdoms of Quinocuni and Aqui, where he allotted a part of his house: his chief delight was in serving Mass, and discoursing of heavenly matters: his conferences of spiritual and dinine things was commonly with tears having a tender and most pious hart: his zeal of souls was in credible; and therefore he spared neither cost nor labour to assist all, as well Christians as Gentiles: and being gracious and fluent in discourse, and conversant in the japonian sect, he was heard with exceeding content, and no small fruit of many. When he had of our Fathers in his house, he would call the Christians round about, and incite them to Confession: and where by night any of ours went to hear Confessions, he was the man that would accompany them: he often fasted and disciplined himself, but especially in time of Lent; at which time and many others he deprived himself of the company of his wife, thereby to give himself more freely to his prayers and devotion. So great was his desire of dying for Christ, that he was often minded (had not our Fathers for just reasons opposed themselves) to put himself Prisoner with certain Religious persons, to the end he might be put to death in their company.   

The death of Mathias Xobora Schizaimon.  
MAtthias served a nobleman, who put him in trust with most of his important affairs; and therefore in time of these troubles, laboured by all means, both by threats, and fair means, to make him leave his faith; and not prevailing, he gave order he should be bound; which Mathias endured most willingly for Christ's sake. A whole day and night was he tied last unto a stake by the neck, hands, and elbows with sharp small cords, a torment of that nature that many dy upon it, the cords entering into the flesh to the very bone. But all this prevailed little with Mathias; which his Master perceiving, he caused in stead of cords a great piece of wood to be put about his neck like a yoke for oxen, usually applied to the most famous delinquents; and thus was he held the space of 4 days, with his friends and kindred about him to persuade to change his profession. All this not taking effect, his Master sent a note to the Tono, to let him understand what pasted; who strait gave senrence he should be crucified. The Ministers of justice, going for this effect, brought him to the place of execution. It is incredible with what joy and gladness he passed on his way, saying his beads; and passing over a bridge, where there was store of people, he began to preach with great fervour, assuring them there was no salvation but in that faith, for which he was now to render up his life. Being come to the place of execution he cast himself upon his knees, and with a loud voice said the Confiteor, then having made a little mental prayer, he broke forth into this affectuous exclamation. Praised & ever blessed be the holy name of jesus: who would have thought his goodness to have been so great, as to vouchsafe to call unto himself by way of the cross so unworthy a sinner as myself! The Gentiles themselves like men distracted looked upon one another, saying If there be salvation to be found how can this man fail of it? Then Mathias tooking up to the cross began in this manner; I worship and reverence thee, o cross with all the veins of my hart, sanctified in the person of my Saviour jesus. Then praying a little he commended himself too God. & so was put upon the cross, after which he so much thirsted, and there pierced with lances finished his life at 37 years of age, the 17 of Febr. 1624. The night following some Christians with danger of their lives took his body from the cross, & shutting it up in a chest, gave it up into the hands of one of our Fathers, who placed it near unto an Altar, where he faith Mass.  
This Mathias was borne in Aqui, baptised some 7 years before his death by a japonese Father of ours: he was singular in the practice of devotion and penance inciting the Christians to Confession, and was an instrument to bring many Gentiles to receive Baptism by the hands of one of ours, then in prison. He served with special care the imprisoned, especially Religious persons. He had passed his word to Francis Sintaro, that he would rather die then deny his faith, & thus gloriously kept his promise dying on a Cross.   

The death of joachim Curoyemon in Firoxima.  
AS soon as the persecution began in Firoxima, the Gentiles neighbours to joachim began to assault him severally, and not prevailing, of their own authority they put guard at his doors and acquainted the Tono with what had passed. He strait gave order he should be put in prison in the Castle; where after he had been some days inflexible in his resolutions, he gave sentence to have him crucified, ordaining with all the cross should be very high, to the end the Christians might not stealt away the body. joachim, having received these tidings, fell down upon his knees to give thankes to God, for making him worthy to suffer, and that upon a cross, and that for so good a cause; then putting about his neck his beads, his Agnus Dei, and a little book of prayers, with a joyful look he went to meet the Ministers of justice, who came to conduct him to the place of execution. Being arrived, he recommended himself with great denotion unto Almighty God, and exhorted with extraordinary zeal the Gentiles to receive the faith of Christ. Finally he was crucified and pierced from side to side, with a lance, at 60 years of age, the 8 of March 1624. by commandment of the Tono.  
This joachim was borne in Aqui, of a singular meekness & humility, much given to prayer, and infatigable in assisting and serving the Christians; He was baptised in Firoxima 16 years before his death by one of ours.   

The death of john Tananguia Cufroi.  
IN the year 1612, under Daifù, john was banished the city for the first time: but not long after called for back again. Then again was he tried by several ways the year 1615; and finally the year 1622 he was troubled anew, and after many both threats and promises was kept prisoner for a year. The good servant of God lived there very contentedly in continual prayer, fasting and penance. He connerted with his good exhortation, and baptised siue Gentiles, his fellow low prisoners. At last a year and half being spent in prison, came the sentence of death, sent from Catà Samonosuque, who lived in jendo. Now long before, john had made his confession to one of our Fathers, and was by his counsel much encouraged to suffer death for Christ. When he first received news of his death, litting up his eyes to heaven he gave God thankes for so great a benefit; then turning to him, who brought the message, he also thanked him, desiring he would tell the Tono and the rest of the Governors that he deemed himself highly obliged unto them. Going out of prison, he me with a great number of people, to whom he solemnly protested; that he was condemned to death, not for theft or any other crime, but merely for the saith of jesus Christ; which he exhorted them all to embrace, as the only way to salvation: and the same did he repeat in several places, according as occasion was offered. And when he was silent, he went with his eyes fixed upon heaven continually praying and commending himself too God. Being come to the place of execution, after he had exhorted all with a loud voice, to receive the faith of Christ, which he was to seal with his blood, and without which nothing could be available for salvation. He was stripped naked, and stretched upon the earth, and cut of by the middle, whilst he was breathing sweetly forth the blessed names of jesus and Maria: he died the 14 of February 1624.  
john was borne in the kingdom of zio: he was baptised & instructed by our Fathers thirty years before his death, whilst he was in the service of Augustinus Conises Sunocamidono. He remained always most constant and very exemplar, incredibly desirous and careful of the spiritual good of his neighbours. When our Fathers went in Mission he went with them; and having an extraordinary gift in preaching, he was the conversion of many: in these exercises did he continue, till a generous death crowned his labours under Catà Simonosaque Lord of the greater part of zio.   

Of Christianity in Nangasachi and the country about.  
HEre are occupied six of our Fathers, one Brother and eight Dogici. The fruits of their labours, being altogether like those of the years past, I omit to set down. Thirty persons of age have received Baptism; Many who trembled for fear, and some who fell under the burden, have been set upon their feet again, and encouraged.  
divers Missions have been undertaken into Sassuma, the Island of Goto, the Countries of Omura, and diverse other places of the kingdom of Figen In Sassuma they found a true pillar of Christian Religion, a Lady called Catherine in other in law to the Lord of the Country, who in word and action advanceth Christian Religion. This Lady hath been twice set upon, once by the Bongs, who with superstitions papers of adoration and prayer sought to raw her to their side; another time by certain persons sent expressly from her son in law in time of the persecution of jendo, to try whether she were a Christian or no. To the first she made easy resistance by retiring herself from them, and never more permitting them to come near her: for the second she seeing herself importuned by many, espied her opportunity, when her son was in the company of many Nobles of the kingdom, & there in the presence of them all, she professed herself a Christian, and resolute so to continue whatsoever should happen. The Gentle and those about him, admiring so great constancy in a woman, troubled her no more concerning that.  
In the Island of Goat, one of our Fathers took the confessions of more than ten thousand Christians, and gave the most blessed Sacrament to above three hundred: ten of those, who were gone back, were reclaimed: and in this & many other good works, a Brother of ours had great part, who visited the Christians bordering near about Omura.  
In Nangasachi devotion is much increased towards our holy S. Ignatius. A certain woman in most cruel and long pains of childbirth making a vow to the Saint, and praying her friends to spend some time upon their knees before his picture, was happily delivered of a son, who therefore bears the name of Ignatius. Persecution is also much increased by reason of a principal Governor, who of a Christian turned Renegat, seeketh by all means to get into his hands the Religious of that City. He hath for that end employed secret spies, promised great rewards, and spared no pains or industry to take them prisoners: and yet it hath pleased. Almighty God to preserve his servants. This said Governor set forth a proclamation that all those, who had any Religious in their houses, should deliver them up, under pain of death, not only of the Master of the house, but even of the whole family. This proclamation struck a horror into many, yet diverse sent away their slaves, to the end they might with the more security lodge Religious persons.  
The same Governor used an other diligence; which was to set forth an edict forbidding all, upon pain of death, to read any spiritual books to Christians; and that the Masters of houses should give up the names of such, as bad served the church in those functions; otherwise the whole Neighbourhood should be punishable. Upon this diverse were banished, who being required, refused to bind themselves by promise to desist from so good a work. Mother's could not lodge their children for this reason, without imminent canger to their neighbours: so that diverse were constrained to retire into the country, not for fear of death; but for fear of preiudicing others with small either profit or honour to their Religion. Thus far went the Renegat Governor with his officers, but the persecution of the Xogun increased much their affliction.  
He first commanded that no Christian japonian should be capable to traffic by sea out of japonia but only Gentiles and Renegats. A hard and cruel law: for that most part of the inhabitants live upon the gains of their voyages into several parts. And it was a wonder to see poor Christians starve for hunger, rather than offend God, or let themselves be transported with the sweetness of gain. Among others a certain Captain of a ship, was not only kept off board, but threatened with death: and though he avoided this danger, yet remains he in great poverty; which he seasoneth with extraordinary joy since it is for Almighty God's cause.  
He made also a prohibition to all japonians, as well Christians, as Gentiles so sail to the Philippine Lands; for that notice was given, that in ships from those parts were conveied sometimes Religious persons; and for this a certain embassage from the Governor of the said Lands did not succeed, which happened in this manner.  
The Ambassadors coming to the Island of japonia with rich presents and extraordinary charges in a well furnished ship from a certain port of the kingdom of Farima called Murò 30 leagues of Ozaca; coming I say, to Meaco, were there demaundeo by the Governor of the City, and the Governor of Nangasachi, for what end they came? who sent them? what they carried? what they desired? and the like: The Ambassadors answered conformably to their commissions. The Governors writ accordingly to the Court: but answer was returned that such Embassages came not of themselves, but procured by Religious men, dwelling in those Lands; and that the Xogun Lord of japonia would receive no Embassages from places broaching a law most false, diabolical & seditious turning the state up side down and deceiving the subjects. That already he had been deceived in that kind, and that under colour of traffic and marchand. Ze this pernicious law and the Authors thereof had been brought in, whom he now had banished under rigorous pains & would receive no more. The Ambassadors alleged their reasons, but in vain, and sinally were constrained to return having done nothing, and guarded day and night like prisoners with armed men, which neither permitted them to go a land, nor any of the country to come unto them, excepting two only, who were to buy necessary provision to live upon, and all this for sear of Religious men, suspecting the greatest part of the Europeans to be of that profession though disguised in secular , and this was the success of that Embassage. And lest Religious men thus disguised should ship into japonia, they have doubled their guards, examining very rigorously all strangers, registering the names of all, and obliging those, who lodge them, to render account of them whensoever it shall be required.  
Moreover the Xogun hath ordained that all strangers be sent away as well Religious as seculars, so they be Spaniards or Portugheses: the English & Hollanders only excepted, for that they betray Priests, and are held to be capital enemies of the Spaniards and Portugheses, and of the law of Christ: and for this respect they are not only admitted, but made much of; though they rob and spoil even the japonians themselves, when they meet with them by sea.  
This order came to Nangasachi, when suddenly the Ministers of justice, seizing upon the streets entered all the houses, where the Europeans lived, and taking their names, & those of the Coreys, Cinezes and japoneses, themselves, whom they found clad like Spaniards or Portugheses, they set them a certain day to be gone out of Nangasachi, and all the confins of japonia, under pain of senere punishments for any that should not obey. They could not but feel that blow exceedingly; yet was it a comfort unto them to be banished merely for their Religion. The day being come they all shipped themselves (excepting some few in prison, of whom we spoke in the last years annuals) some for Macao, others for Manila the chiefest City of the Philippin Lands; but without either wines or servants, such as had them japoneses, whom they could in no wise carry along with them. The parting was so doleful and full of tears on both sides, aswel of those who went, as those who stayed behind, that all the lookers on were extremely moved: the mothers wept amain to part from their children; the husbands from their wives; the Masters of houses from their families. The very japoneses themselves were wounded at the hart to leave some their friends, others their Masters, others those from whom they gained their huing and carried in their breasts the law; & proceed of Xogun. Tears and lamentations remained in the hearts & eyes of those who stayed behind, the more when they reflected upon the good deeds done full often by those, who were sent away; as the setting of their slaves at liberty, whom they might have made money of; giving to diverse house room, and liberally bestowing both gold and silver on persons in necessity.  
The last persecution in the City of Nangasachi was against the dead. For the hatred of the Xogun against our holy faith, which he endeavours by all means to extirpate, could not sufficiently express itself against the living. The Christians of Nangasachis had a churchyard, where they buried their dead, and on certain days went thither in numbers to recommend them unto God: on the sepulchres, which were some of stone, others of brick, others of wood were put diverse crosses of several fashions. Against this place the Gentiles spent their fury button the wooden crosses, destroying the monuments, commanding the dead to be buried under ground. The Christians feared so much lest the dead bones of their friends should be taken up and cast into the sea, that some made deeps holes into the ground and there buried them; others carried them home to their houses, others tocitties near about & there buried them: thus they went all day up and down the city, not knowing what way to take, admiring the cruelty of the Xogun & other Governors, who would not so much as endure, that they dead should have with them any token of their profession. A certain officer at this time passing through the streets, found a Christian selling beads; presently he laid hands on him, for selling forbidden ware and straight bound brought him before a judge, who condemned him & made him stand in the public view fast bound a whole day and night.   

Of the persecution of Christians in certain places of the kingdom of Figen.  
THe chiefest man of Figen is called Nobexima Xinanono Cann; who was presers at Court, when so many Christians were burned alive; terrified which this example, for fear of losing the Xoguns favour, he gave order to all his subordinate Governors, that they should quit his dominions from Christians. The officers careful to comply with their Masters will and pleasure, put forth a proclamation, that all should abandon Christian Religion, other wise to be stripped stark naked and with their ears and noses cut, to be sent to the City of Sifai together with their wives and children there to be slaves to the Tono, who was allied with the said Xinanono Cami.  
It cannot be expressed what joy the Christians of Quizicurra conceived at this Meslage: and by reason diverse torments were threatened in this letter, and namely that they should be burned aline, they prepared themselves first with the most precious and holy Sacraments, and afterwards with new  to appear at the day of their death, which they both hoped and looked for ear long. One and thirty were called at once before a justice, who with fair speeches exhorted all and every one, to change their minds and not incur the displeasure of the Tono. But their answer being undaunted and resolute, he fell from fair to bitter & threatening terms; commanding them to be carried away in a most ignominious manner. The day following he called before him their wines, who for joy put on their best apparel, and taking their Children in their arms, such as had any (to offer them as immaculate sacrifices unto Christ) they went courageously to the judgement sear, ready to lay open their best veins and let forth their blood for Almighty God. The judge hane only seen them, commanded they should be sent to a certain house, and there kept as prisoners, till they heard more of him. The day following a certain chief person and Christian, went to the Governor entreating, the women might go back to their howls, and offering for to enter bond for their due appearance, when it should be required, which was accordingly granted: but the good women were nothing contented herewith and refused the offer, saying; that unprisonment for Christ was more dear unto them, than what soever liberty, and that they would not departed from the prison, unless it were to a stake or gibbet, to end their lives. Yet finally, giving way to the persuasions of many Christians, they retired back to their houses. When these women were called to appear, there were wanting, by reason of the fair distance, those of a certain town called Occusa. They were counselled not to stifle since the others had been delivered, but they would in no ways obey, saying the gentils should see they were no less courageous, than their neight urs and as desirous of death, and so they went forward, but were turned back: for the judge perceiving such incredible constancy in both texes, thought it best to dissemble all with prudencv, and so the persecution ended in Oquizu; where torments were wanting to the Christians, not they to torments.  
The same day that the persecution began in Oquizu it began likewise in jagami. The first assaulted by the Governor were labouring men, yet in a more mild manner: for calling before him on of the chief among them, he was earnest with him to change his Religion; which not succeeding, to subsoribe at least a certain list, which he had in his hand. The honest Countryman answered; if the subscribing were taken, as a sign of revolting from his faith, he would not put his hand unto it, albeit the denial should cost him his life. But the Governor by reiterated oaths gave him assurance, there was no such thing meant: whereupon the Coutrey-man, after a thousand protestations, that he was a Christian, and would die so, subscribed unto his paper. And after this manner, the Governor soon induced the rest in great part to subscribe: yet some there were, who made a scruple of it, making choice rather to leave both goods and houses, then to subscribe upon any terms; so that three score and three men and women betook themselves to a voluntary banishment: of which there was a poor feeble woman, through age and sickness almost brought to her grave, who being asked of her husband; what course they should take? Let us go (sayeth she) with the rest into banishment; for I had rather die in the tourney, for God's sake, then protract my life a few days longer, with living at home, and loss of my soul: And albeit I am in diverse respects near unto my end: yet if I should chance to die in the way, at least the good will, where with I offer myself to death to preserve inviolable Gods holy truth will be acceptable to his divine Matesty. And so her husband setting her on horseback, and tying her with cords for fear of falling, brought her by the help of God safe and sound to the place he determined.  
Soon after, the persecution in jagami ceased without further prejudice to Catholic Religion. But those good Christians began to have remorse for having put their hands to that writing imagining that thereby they had been decaved. Whereupon divers of them resolved to go back to the judge, and tell him resolutely they were Christians, and that he should not for bear to molest them in regard they had subscribed: which the judge perceiving answered they might remain as constant in their Religion; as they would, and for their greater comfort gaue order; that those Christians who were departed the Country should return again, and all of them enjoy their Religion in peace, as formerly they had done. There was also near unto these parts a Christian named Gaspar, much molested by the Lord of joysusi, who finally seized upon his goods, cast him out of doors, and banished him the Country, keeping his wife and Children in prisons; although she within few days was permitted to go after her husband; They assaulted Gaspar's Mother in law who dwelled in a village not far of. But his good example had now made her too strong against this battery. For being solicited to comply wtih the Tono his will, and go to a Temple of their Idolis; she made answer that all they could do, should never bring her unto it. Hereupon hay threatened to burn her in the forehead with an iron, & by divers other means to dilgrace her. But she, with great courage laughing at their threats, and expecting a whole day and a night the effects of their meaning, when she law nothing likely to be done, finally other own accord went into banishment, there quietly to enjoy the liberty of her conscience. In like manner did a young man named Mansius a neighbour of Gaspar's, who being much molested by a servant of the Lord of that Country, with his Mother and sister departed thence to free himself from danger of losing his Religion. So have many more done, who with great alacrity chose rather to be ablent from their Native Country, then put themselves in danger or offending God.  
The subjects of the Country called Omuradono living together with those of Nabexima, all of them were commanded to appear before the Tono of Fucofori, and answer for themselves. Thirty of them took ship, being accompanied to the water sine with their wives and kindred, all full of grief for that they imagined they should meet no more in this world. Yet all that accompanied them, with one accord exhorted them to spend their blood in defence of their faith, Being arrived to Fucofori, they were taken and examined each of them a part; but they like old beaten so ildiers with great constancy suited words to their profession, answering in such fort as the judges were little pleased, and therefore co nmaunded the principal men amongst them to be stripped, and naked as they were, to be exoosed to wind and weather, the season at that time (as in winter) being very cold.  
There was a young man who had carried himself very courageously, whom the judges to make further trial of him, commanded, since he would not conform himself, and obey their wills, to put one of his fingers into the fire. The noble Christian zealous of God's honour, and deeming, that by this act he should give a pregnant testimony of his faith, undauntedly put his finger into the fire, and suffered it there to be burned with great admiration of all the gentils: who being satisfied much herewith, and contented that the Christians in things extrinsecall to Religion would obey them, sent the young man and all the rest full of merits back to their houses. The Christians being returned joy ull at their good success were now out of farther fear, when the Governors' Lieutenant, being highly offended with a more zealous than prudent act of a Christian, sent some Gen ills his servants with commission to enter in upon the Christians houses, and constrain them to subscribe, not alleging any cause unto them; but adding many threats of future punishments: the Christians for the most part conformed themselves, some with remorse, some without any difficulty subscribing; so that their neighbours who had not subscribed, reprehended them much, and told them that they would not from thence forward have any communication with them, in regard they held them as excommunicated persons. Whereupon these poor souls fell into such scruples and afflictions of mind, that they would neither sow their corn, nor till the ground, as the season required but like men distracted let all run at random: which one of our Father's understanding made ha● unto them, and bidding them be of good courage, taught them what they were to do in like occasions for the time to come. Some were of so tender consciences, that for fear of future scruples they would by no means subscribe, unless the cause of their subscription were hrst made known unto them: and therefore, abandoning their houses, village, and all other affairs went to seek a dwelling place else where. One there was of that holy company by name john, whose sufferance was most remarkable, He together with his wife and children (having notice of the Tonos officers when they came first to make the Christians deny their faith) retired himself into a great wood, which was under the dominion of an other Lord, where he made his abode for fifteen days together, in the cold time of winter: and howbeit he endured very much; yet he was so fare from being dismayed, that he shown himself most ready to die in that distress, rather than hazard the loss of his faith. Neither did he want followers of his rare example, some remaining two whole days, some three, in the woods and deserts without any food at all to speak of. When the first storm was overblown this john was called home by his friends. But the foresaid officers returning the second time with their former intentron, he utterly refured to subscribe; and so returning again into the forest, settled himself there in a poor cottage, made up for him by other charitable Christians, and (as a Father reported, who contessed him and his whole family) it that wood lived very contentedly; deeming it fare better to suffer all temporal miseries then to be in danger of denying his faith.   

The persecution of the Christians of the City of Firando and the territory belonging to it, in which eight and thirty suffered death.  
MAssura Figendono Lord of the state of Firando knowing how maliciously the Xogun was bend against Christians, thought good to feed his cruel humour, the only means, as he conceived, to establish himself in that place of government. Wherefore he resolved upon a persecution, and began with the wines and children of those, whom two years before he had put to death by order of the jenca, their cause being not yet ended; and he spared neither the maid-seinants, nor little intants, as it will appear by the following relation.   

The death of nine Christians of the house and family of Gabriel, who had lodged F. Camillus Conitanstius of the Society of JESUS.  
Two years ago a Christian, called Gabriel, suffereth death in the City of Firan●o, for having lodged F. Camillus Constanstius of the Society: and ever since, both his mother, and the rest of his family, had lived in daily expectation of their turn; their cause yet hanging, and they committed to the custody of their neighbours. No sooner did the persecution begin, but the family of Gabriel was given for lost whereupon the Gentiles began to look to them more narrowly, and to abridge them of their former liberty. One of the neighbours, the second man of the street, went to visit Grace the mother of Gabriel and told her after an upbraiding manner, that the persecution raised at that present was a punishment sent by tenxo Daygun the chief Cami of japonia: The holy woman resented exceedingly this blasphemous speech: and boldly replied; that she wondered very much he would offend her ears with blaspheming God his holy law: and that he might have done much better in exhorting her to suffer with patience the near approaching death, for the honour and service of the only true God; then by recounting the fables of the false Idols, to increase her affliction; wherefore she desired him, if he wished her well, to speak of something else. And the Paynim thus checked spoke not a word more. During this time, the Christians of that City gathered together in a particular house, offered us many fervent prayers to Almighty God, begging of his goodness force of spirit, and constancy or all, but especially for the prisoners. Linus the brother of Gabriel was much tempted but he always answered; that he would follow the steps of his Father, who had persevered in the law of Christ until the end. Some days before the servants of God received the sentence of death they invited to dinner the principal Paynims of the street, and humbly craved pardon of them for some sharp answers, which they had given; earnestly beseeching them to speak no more unto them of leaving their faith. The Physician of the Tono was the first man of their friends, who had news of their death: wherefore he went to them in a friendly manner, & acquainting them with what had passed told them, that if they would change their minds, he would make means that the Tono should recall his sentence. Linus made answer in name of the rest, thanking him for his good will: and told him, that all the torments in the world should never make them abandon their Religion. This news came soon after to be known of the Physician's man, who out of mere compassion went bewailing their case and spreading the news about the City. There was presently such flocking of friends and acquaintance to visit them, that the chief officer of the street thought fit to turn them all back, for fear of an uproar. About midnight came two of the Tonos servants, who confilcating all their goods carried them away, scarce leaving so much as the  upon their backs. Then did the condemned Christians with a loud voice begin joyfully to recite diveise prayers: and when the standers by would have hindered them, they answered; that, their temporal goods being taken away, they had no reason to deprius them also of the spiritual riches of the soul, their only substance and possession then remaining. The confiscatours, admiring their speeches, let them go on for the present: but having sent away all the goods, they bond Linus and all the, rest saving Marie the Grandmother of Gabriel, and the son of a serving woman, who was so little that one of the officers carried him away upon his back.  
Upon the 3 of March, being sunday they were lead forth, many Christians meeting them upon the way, who in taking their last leave, with many tears recommended themselves to their prayers, earnestly desiring them when they came to heaven, where they should be out of all danger, that they would be mindful of those who remained behind, subject to so many dangers and miseries. Amongst the rest came one of Grace's daughters with her husband, of whom she took her leave with a cheerful countenance and great peace of mind, charging them to remain constant in the Religion, in which they had been brought up from children, and promising to pray for them in heaven. In like manner did Linus speak to the other Christians, with such a pleasant & smiling countenance, that he made show of nothing less than going to suffer death. Finally they arrived at a place distant from Firando a quarter of a league, where they found four boats expecting them; in two of which were carried the nine Christians who were to suffer death, and in the other two the executioners of that injustice. When they were embarked, Grace took a pair of beads from about her neck, and cast them a land to her son in law; Then lifting up a little Crucifix in her hand, this alone, quoth she will serve my turn: and with saying to she adored, in the sight of all, him who comforteth and giveth strength to those that suffer for him, and with humble reverence kissed his holy image.  
After this the watermen began to launch forth; and the devout servants of God accompanying the noise of the oars, sometimes with singing pious hymns, sometimes reciting several prayers aloud, arrived at Coccidomari the place appointed for execution. There they all took their places, and Linus the only man of the company, shown himself a man indeed, thanking the executioners for his death with a marvelous courage and undaunted mind. Then began they to recomend themselves to God Almighty, in which action they remained a great while. In this time the youngest daughter of Grace, of the age of eleven years only, was so fare from being afraid either of death, or those whom she saw ready to inflict it, that turning to her mother with a great courage, o mother, said she, how much are we beholding to these servants of the Tono, who have brought us hither, and will now send us to heaven, I pray you let us thank them, and be exceeding joyful. The first, tharknelt down, was the good old woman Mary, who lifting up her hands and praying a while, then calling upon the holy names of jesus and Mary was beheaded by one of her own kinsmen, who according to the custom of japonia, lest she should die by the hands of some basefellow or other, did himself with great respect and reverence cut off her head at a blow, she being about ninty years of age. The second was the noble Linus of the age of 21. years. The third his sister Mary of the age of 18. The fourth the younger sister called also Mary eleven years old, who were all beheadeth in the same manner by the hands of principal men of the Gentiles, having first prayed and called upon the holy names of jesus Maria. Then came the happy and magnanimous mother Grace, who seeing with the eyes of lively faith her two young daughters so well placed & esp oused to the true spouse of their souls, Christ oursaviour, and her son Linus so rich with heavenly merits, yielded infinite thankes to the divine Majesty for so great benefits, and then kneeling down with her daughter in law, whose name was also Mary, both of them invoking the sweet name jesus Maria, cheerfully offered their heads to be cut of; the mother in law being of the age of fifty years; and the daughter in law of nineteen. After these presently followed two woemen-seruants the one called Cecily, the other Marry, and a little child by name Michael only three years old, which being not capable of fear, left him, who had brought him thither in his arms, and went to Cecily this mother, seated in the place where she was to die: she tenderly embracing her little one, and devoutly calling upon jesus and Mary was beheaded by a servant of the Tono, who at two blows cut off the heads, first of the mother & then of her innocent child. The last was the other servant Mary, who nothing daunted with the bloody spectacle of so many headless bodies, fell down upon her knees, and with much tenderness of devotion imploring the assistance of Christ jesus and his Virgin Mother, bowed her head to the bloody sword, and made up the number of nine glorious martyrs; being of the age of two and twenty years.  
The servants of God having thus happily triumphed over death, the Paynims covered their dead bodies with mats, but coming to cover Mary the wife of Gabriel, they perceived that her head was not quite of, yea, that she still called upon jesus Maria: so were those blessed names imprinted in her pious hart, that her head being almost divided from her body; and she more dead than living ceased not to invoke them: unless we will say that after death for confusion of those Gentiles God, the Creator of all, spoke by the mouth of his dead servant. The Paynims were much amazed at this sight, yet nothing relenting in their cruelty beheaded a new the twice happy martyr, and wrapping all the bodies in their several mats, then tying a great stone to each of them, cast them into the sea, so to prevent the Religious veneration, which the Christians would have given to their holy relics.  
All these servants of God were borne with in the state of Firando, six of them in the City itself, the two servants in the Island Igisuqui, and Mary the Wife of Gabriel at a place called Xixi. Marry that old woman had been baptised at woman's estate, & was one of the first which received the Sacrament of Baptism in japonia: all the rest had been Christians from their crawl; their Fathers and grandfathers having been so before them. The good old woman Mary was always much given to devotion and Almsdeeds: Neither was Grace any whit behind her, having moreover a great zeal of souls, which she ever shown towards the Christians of that City. She was of the company of Mercy, of which, as being the head, she had an especial care, and therefore procured divers ways to advance Christianity and virtue. She lodged our Fathers in her house for a long time; she mortified her body with frequent disciplines, and fasting every friday and saturday through out the year; she visited and comforted the sick; she assisted the poor in what she could; & at Christmas and Easter she was wont to feast the Christians, and with all to give them good spiritual counsel. It happened once upon the japonians new years day that there died two sick men, one a Citizen, the other a stranger: Grace came to know of it, and without making any account of the japonians superstition, who upon that day will not so much as name the dead, much less talk of burying them, caused the Citizen to be buried, keeping the dead body of the stranger in her house for some days, to avoid the bruit of the Gentiles, which afterwards she buried in the Churchyard of the Christians. When the Paynims came to know of this work of mercy, they commended it very much, and ceased not openly to praise the Christians for it. The two daughters, both Maries, imitated very well their mother virtues; and Linus was not inferior to them. Neither did Marry the wife of Gabriel come behind the rest; and the two servants, as well in good life, as desire of dying for Christ might be compared with their mistresses. Finally they all died for the faith of Christ upon the third of March in the year of our Lord 1624. by commandment of Massura Figendono Lord of Firando.   

The death of five other Christians in Vsucca.  
THe very day that the foresaid nine were put to death, an old man of the age of seaventy six years, by name Luke Morifebioye, was be headed not fare from his own house; for that he constantly rejected two of the Tonos servants, who persuaded him to deny his faith: and his son of the age of forty leaven suffered death in like manner, for the same cause, and by the hands of the same executioner. The same day an other old man of the age of fourscore and six, called Anthony Girobioye, invoking the most blessed names of jesus and Mary had his head cut off. These three servants of God were native of the Island Iquisuqui. Luke in his old age leaving off worldly affairs, as desirous to attend wholly to his devotions, retired himself to Vsucca. There he instituted a Confraternity of S. Ignatius; and, as he was very zealous of the spiritual good of his neighbours, made a separation in his house for our Fathers to come visit the Christians, where he received F. Constantius, which was a chief cause of his death. Alexius the son followed his Father's example in providing for the spiritual necessities of Christians; for which cause he was made worthy to follow him also in suffering death for Christ. Antony had betaken himself to a retired life in the same place, for the reasons which had moved Luke to his retirement. He was an humble, sincere, and very charitable man: he did not only visit the sick, but kept them also often times in his own house, thereby to provide the better for them: he always lodged our Fathers in his house, and was ordinarily employed in the exercise of either spiritual or corporal works of mercy: in recompense whereof he was finally rewarded with the palm of martyrdom The day next ensuing after the death of these three, was beheaded Mary the wife of Luke, who being from home the day before at the time of their combat, and returning at night understood what had passed; and presently resolved to go and present herself to the Tonos officers. As she was going she met with those, who had put to death her husband and the other two: she presently stayed to hear what they would say, and their proposition was the same, which they had made to the rest: to which she replied: I was baptised being but two years old, and have persevered in the Christian Religion seaventy more: can you imagine that I mean to forsake it now? They left her for the present, because it was night; but the next day they came again and receiving the same answer, led the good old woman to the place, where they had beheaded her son Alexius, & told her, that she must either change her Religion or die the same death. She embraced the latter, and kneeling down with a cheerful countenance, first recommended herself to our Lord, then offering her head to the sword died with the sweet names of jesus and Mary in her mouth.  
The wife of Lucas being thus dead, the persecutors exercised their cruelty upon the children of Alexius, one of the which Thomas was ten years old, an other five, and the third an Infant borne three or four days before the Father's death, & as yet unchristened. This bloody office was committed to a servant of the house who by order of Figendonos Ministers cut of their heads. All these Christians had been baptised by our Fathers, except the little girl which was baptised in her own blood. A rare case in japonia, & which caused great admiration, both for the infant's littleness, and the cause of such a murder.   

The death of Isabella Mother of Damianns, and Beatrice his wise with their four Children.  
IN the year of our Lord 1622, Damianus being put to death, and all his goods confiscated, his wife with all her family was kept prisoner in her own house having continually a double guard upon her, and a cord about her neck. which was so tied that she might nevertheless stir about, and dispatch her ordinary business. The keepers weary of that tedious office did extremely molest her, by urging her to forsake the Christian faith; but she always the same, not the least daunted with the miseries of poverty and long imprisonment, answered only this, that she would be her husband's companion as well in death as life, ready to suffer all trouble and vexation for the love of jesus christ. At two year's end, order came for the beheading of Beatrice and her children, which they understanding did even leap for joy: only poor Isabella, whose sentence was not come, hung down the head, and shown such manifest signs of true sorrow, that the messenger acquainted the Tonos Lieutenant with it, and he presently commanded she should die with the rest. At these happy tidings the good old woman was revived, and putting one her best apparel, as the rest had done, prepared for death. Paul a child of eleven years whilst the rest were making themselves ready with great joy, was very sad and pensive by reason that some, as he understood, were gone to beg his pardon: but at length word was brought that no pardon would be granted: Then might you have seen in the face of this manly child a picture of his joyful hart, so did he on the sudden pull up his spirits and with marvelous alacrity make ready for death. They departed all together from their own house, cheerfully bidding adieu to their friends, who met them upon the way, & signified by their tears how loath they were to leave them, being no more to meet in this life. Thus they embarked, & being come within sight of the Island Nacaie, where Damian and his companions had suffered two years before, Beatrice began to offer up prayers of thankes giving to the divine Majesty for the benefit bestowed upon her husband, and willed the rest for that end to recite with loud voices such prayers as they knew by hart. By the way they met with the wife and Children of john, who were going also to shed their blood for the love of Christ. O happy encounter! Who can express the reciprocal joy; the cordial greetings, the zealous exhortations of these noble Christians? There was no lamenting of each others hand fortune, but mutual encouragements to constancy and perseverance, which with united hearts and tongues they begged of the divine goodness, joining their two devout quires in a consort of melodious prayers. Thus cutting the ways with their oars, and piercing heaven with their voices, they arrived at Gigoco a place of the Island Nacaie. Here the six first went a Land; and Beatrice to give her children good example, was the first to kneel down, which she did with a marvelous courage & manly spirit: then lifting up her hands to heaven, and praying a while offered her head, which with one stroke was divided from her body. Paul would be the next after his mother, and was already upon his knees, but the cruel hangman seeing him girt in such sort with a towel as might hinder his blow, bade him untie it, which he without the least sign of fear rising up did very dexterously, and then speedily falling down upon his knees again, as greedy of death, with hands stretched forth to heaven, whither he was taking his flight; most devoutly called upon the holy names jesus Maria, and at the second stroke of the hangman lost his head, and got a laurel. john the second son only nine years old, stood all this while on the right hand of his mother, learning as well by her example, as that of his elder brother, how to play his part: Wherefore knowing that his grandmother had chosen the last place, and thinking it no pride to precede his sisters in such an occasion, full of sweet devotion well befitting his tender years bowed his knees to the ground, and receiving a mortal blow flow with his blessed soul to heaven. No sooner were these three dead, but the bloody butchers, by exercise of cruelty growing more cruel, took the younger sister by name Isabel only leaven years old, & in most barbarous manner throwing her down upon the dead body of her mother, cut her in pieces with their Cimitaries. So did the mother become an Altar for the precious sacrifice of her innocent daughter, and the blessed child restore her blood and life to the fountain from whence it sprung. Magdalen the elder sister, and eldest of the four, yet not above the age of thirteen years was so strengthened with the vigour of God's holy grace that no cruelty could abate her courage: wherefore drawing near to her mother's body she knelt down close by it (with some holy envy, it may be, to her sister's happy lot) and imploring the assistance of Christ jesus and the Virgin Mary, was beheaded, and crowned with glory at the same time. Now had the good old Isabel obtained the first part of her desire, which was, as she said; to see those dearest pledges out of danger, and safely placed in heaven: the second was, to bear them company, of which she was quickly made partaker, yielding her head to the sword, and her soul to heaven, full fraught with the merits of many deaths.  
Such was the glorious end of this thrice happy company, very suitable to their virtuous lives. Beatrice was borne of Christian parents in Tachinegama a place in the Island Quisuchi. She was always religiously devout, and exceeding charitable: she often visited and served the ficke, imitating in those works of mercy her husbad Damian, and she always taught her children to open their hearts to no other love, but of Christ jesus and his holy law. Isabella her mother in the law, who died of the age of 74 years, was native of the same Island, and as well she as the rest had been baptised by our Fathers. She was always a devout and constant Christian, never regarding the Paynims of her alliance, by whom she was therefore always ill treated. Her only son Damianus being dead, she was inflamed with a great desire of dying for Christ, and so earnestly did she beg this grace of God Almighty, that at length she obtained it for herself and all her family, upon the fifth day of March 1624.   

The death of Marie, wife unto john Sucamoto, and her four sons.  
AFter the death of john, the officers held their proceed with Marie answerable to those we have already said they held with Beatrice, for they kept her prisoner, and put a guard over her in her own house; made her drag a rope about her neck, and vexed her which other torments whereof we have already spoken. Upon the same day, on which Beatrice had notice given her from the Tono of her verdict, was Marie also and her children advertised, that they were to die. So they made mutual joy, and with leave of the officers, came together and after many congratulations, they animated with interchange each the other to a constant suffering in so glorious a cause.  
Andrew the eldest son of Marie, a youth of singular piety, recounted sundry examples and miracles which he had red, where by they all found themselves much encouraged; and for period of this festival gladness, turning himself unto the Christians, who were there present, he had them be of good comfort, and continue that constancy, where in they had so laudably hither to persisted; and rest full of hope that the goodness of almighty God would in short time allay the present commotion, and give mighty increase to Christianity through out laponia. The next morning at break of day, clad in most solemn attire, they embarked for the aforenamed Island; where being arrived, Marry, and Peter were put to death (after those of the family of Damianus) ending their lives by the sword. And Peter although he was but ten years of age, yet did he with example of rare fortitude offer his head to the executioner. There remained in the ship, three other sons of john, who being carried in to the main sea, were by those cruel officers, without any sense of pity or compassion, thrust into several sacks, which when they had filled up with straw, they covered also over with others, and having then bundled them up, bade them dispose themselves for death; these holy Brothers did so, and performed forthwith many acts of ardent and inflamed devotion: and the time being now arrived, they were bound fast, and then tossed and tumbled to and fro, as if they had been woolpackes. It may seem Almighty God was pleased to show an argument of his power in these 3 yongemen, for being wrapped up each a part, as we said, they requested as a courtesy at the hands of the executioners, that they might be tied all 3 together, to the end they might be hoist overboard all at once; and as they were already united together by the natural tie of brotherhood, and yet more straight by supernatural bond of charity in Christ our Lord, they might in conformity hereof, be now bound fast together, and receive their death jointly in the same place, who by the feal thereof, should be assured to enjoy each other for eternity. Their request was granted them, and with all a huge stone was annexed unto the bundle. And so soon as these loving brethren perceived themselves now wrapped up together in such sort that they were no more to be severed, according to their heart's desire; they interchangeably did animate themselves to die; and so rejoicing at the arrival of that fortunate hour, as they with most inflamed hearts called upon the names of jesus and Maria, they were thrown in to the sea, where they ended their lives by a kind of cruelty not yet heard of in japonia; save only in the state of Firando. The eldest of these three, called Andrew, was of the age of 25; the second, named Mancio, of 23; and john, who was the youngest, of twenty one years.  
The servant of God Marie, was native of Nexima, an Island in the state of Firando; she was borne of Christian parents, and baptised in her infancy by our Fathers; she was second wife unto john Quinzayemone who died in a glorious confession of his faith; and she followed the form of his foot steps, both in her life and death. Andrew, and the rest of his brethren were borne in Tacchinosami, and were also baptised by ours. Andrew, was accustomed to read a spiritual lecture unto the people of his Country, to give them notice also of such feasts as were of precept, and to assist them, both by his advite and instructions, & which is of most consideration, he was unto them all an example of good life & a mirror of all virtue. This youngman after the death of his Father, did so solicit the cause of Christianity, as that he deserved to have a laurel for his guerdon; how be it our Lord God reserved the bestowing of it unto this present time.   

The death of Mithaell jamando Fiemon, and Visula his wife, with thee of their children.  
MIchael lived in a seaport of the state of Firando, called Cochi. At such time as search was made after the Christians, the first whom the Gentiles fell upon, was Michael, whom they endeavoured by many allurements to withdraw from the faith, whereof he made profession. But he did not only (as indeed he ought) show himself constant and resolute, but addressed himself also unto other Christians exhorting them, one by one, that they would not in any wise abandon though law of heaven, in consideration of any thing which might befall them on earth. He had bred up his children in such sort, and instilled into them such singular constancy, that one of them being taken by some of the neighbours, and for the space of two whole days (all which time they withheld him from his parents) continually solicited as well by promises as threats, although he was but a child of 13 years of age, yet did he ever remain most firm in profession of his faith, replying ever unto their pestiferons persuasions; that they must understand he was a Christian, and resolved to die such. Michael had a most generous and nobleminded woman to his wife. This woman, when as sentence of death was now given against the whole family, was much pressed by some Gentiles that she would give unto them at least her little daughter, whom they much desired to reserve from death, and willingly would have taken upon themselves, the care of bringing her up. But this discreet Matron made answer unto thing demand; that although they be able to convert this whole universe into gold, and had the power to make her Empress of it all, the promise hereof should not move her to commit her children unto the care of Gentiles.  
The day appointed for their death being now arrived, Michael took the bigger of his daughters, called Clara, in his arms, and a candle, which was lighted, in his hand: Ursula, putting her son john before her with his candle also lighted; threw her little infant Magdalena in to her bosom, and bearing in her hand an other light, shut up this pious procession. And they went with such evident demonstration of their solid joy, and namely the child john, that the very Gentiles themselves affirmed, such comfort and alacrity could not proceed from any force of nature, were it not succoured by some Superior power. Being now come to the place where they were to die, Ursula a woman worthy admiration for her courage, made request, that she might be put to death in the last place, to the end she might (for these were her own words) see before she died, the things which were most dear unto her, placed in a haven of security. Hereupon the heads man to do her the favour, struck off at one blow with a Simitar the head of Michael, who was now already prepared, & gave with all a gash into the neck of the innocent child Clara, who was in her Father's arms, redoubling therefore his blow, he perfected that cruel act. And thus did the Father being 37 & the daughter 7 years old, happily end their lives. This being done, john rose up and went unto his mother, requesting her to binde-up his hair which lay down in his neck, lest it might be some hindrance to the blow, when his head was to be struck of: and the good mother did it in the best manner she could. And then the sweet child, turning unto him who was to be his executioner, and perceiving him to be very young, said unto him, if I mistake not you have yet never cut off the head of any one, be therefore advised to do your office with dexterity; this said, he lifted up his eyes and hands to heaven invoking the sovereign names of jesus and Maria, then bowing down received a blow, which severed at once his head quit from his body, he being now, as was said, but thirteen years of age. Ursula, having observed this whole tragedy, and understanding right well that the catastrophe thereof was the placing of her son, her daughter, and her husband in the desired port of security; elevated her eyes, which were even filled with tears, to heaven, and said; Blessed he thou, & Lord of mercies, who hast made me worthy to be present at this spectacle, so wonderful to men, and grateful to the Angels: grant now unto me, that having seen their end, whom I loved so dear, I may be toyn with them in my death: refuse not to aid me in this last conflict, who offer entirely unto she myself, and this pledge of my bowels, this all which now is left me. And here forbearing to speak any more, whilst she was tenderly embracing her little infant Magdalena, she received a blow from the chief executioner who at once beheaded with his persian sword, both the mother and her little daughter; Ursula being but thirty four years of age. The behoulders were all so amazed with this rare example, that for many days after, their whole discourse was of the constancy & generosity of the Christians.  
Michael was borne in the kingdom of Yamato, and Ursula his wife in Chicumgojambes: they were both of them baptised by our Fathers, & so were their children also. Michael was a man of singular devotion, and much given to prayer, he fasted also and punished his body by disciplines very frequently: and his charity towards the poor was very remarkable. Ursula did not only imitate her husband, but did both by example, and words, incite and stir him up to all virtue. Like unto these parents, was their Son john, who (albeit in so tender age) was devoutly accustomed to fast, not only most saturdays through out the year, in honour of the ever immaculate Virgin, but also in time of lent, 3 days every week performed the like. They persevered all in the exercises of a good Christian life, till such time as they were all crowned with Martyrdom, which happened upon the sixth day of March, in the year 1624., by commaundmet of Missura Figendono Prince of Firando. They were buried in the sea: but we are confident their names shall not lie buried, whom constancy in overcoming torments hath made worthy of eternal fame.   

The death of Catherine, wife to john Yuquinoura.  
IOhn Yuquinoura was put to death, as we said, in the year 1622: but Catherine, his wife was suffered to live; whom in regard of her eminent nobility, the Patron of the Island of Piswo, laboured by all possible means to divert from the faith of Christ: and not only he, who was Lord of the Island, but all the Gentiles in like manner did diversely solicit her without giving any respite either to her body or mind; so that it was worthy particular admiration that the constant servant of God should not deliver herself over unto them. The people all strucken with admiration of her unconquered spirit, sought her out one day, and having found her, (though indeed all this was done deceitfully, to make further trial of her courage) they bade her prepare herself to die, since she would admit no persuasions, and abandon her faith: the place of justice, the said should be, the cell of a certain Hermit, a famous Priest of their foolish Idols. This nobleminded woman, imagining all was true which they had told her, put herself joyfully into the way towards the place, accompanying her steps with acts of contrition for her sins, and a continual reciting of her beads: but being come to that desert hermitage the Gentiles solicited her to offer sacrifice to their Idols, affirming that they had therefore brought her to that place. Which when she hard, flinging herself upon the threshold of the door, she besought the B. Virgin, and her dearest Saviour, with many tears, sighs, and ardent clamours, for aid, and supply of new forces, where by she might ever remain victorious over their wily stratagems: So that the provost himself, admiring at the inflamed affection, where with she made her prayer, and moved with compassion towards her, commauded, that since there was no means to alter her design, they should surcease to molest her any farther. The servant of God remained that night in the house of the Mother of that Idolatrouse Priest; who, seeing the great calamity, which through their persecution, she was brought into, spent most part of the time in persuading her to have regard unto her nobility, and not to be so cruel and void of compassion towards herself, as to suffer such abuse at the hands of the base and vulgar multitude: but her words only flew in the wind, and were not able to make any impression upon the mind of Catherine, whole unvanquishable constancy was ever like unto itself. Next day the officers to take a new assay of her courage bound her fast to a pinetree: but seeing that this servant of God made no account thereof, they then loosed her; for a compliment of their paynim cruelty, having utterly disrobed her of all garments; behold they tied her fast again, without either sense of humanity, or regard unto the nobility of this woman, whose ancestors notwithstanding had been the Lords and sole rulers of that Country. Yet she, well furnished with a large provision of patience, did not only suffer with great indifferency this, as I may say unsupportable injury, but thirsting for the love of God, after more and more torments, she rubbed herself so against the rough and craggy bark of the tree, that there poured out streams of blood of all sides of her. When the Gentiles perceived this, they unbound her once more, and gathering up her blood (envying the Christians that pledge, which they knew they would both take up, and conserve so carefully,) they fastened her unto a stake, and she punishing herself, as she had formerly done, they led her to an old decayed and injurious house, & there again being now by the long continuance become obdurate in their cruelty, they bond her the third time to a post of the said house: yet in fine, the tormentors were sooner wearied out, than the person tormented. So that, the chief of those wicked officers, perceaving that there was no hope to gain ground of this generous servant of God: after many threats, they left some few to guard her, and themselves went to the Tono, to give him account of what had passed, who upon their relation gave order forthwith, she should be put to death.  
The officers being returned with this commandment, losing this our Martyr from the post, whereunto she was tied, and appareling her again with her own garments, they objected unto her that she was stiffnecked, and should soon gather the fruits of her obstinacy. And the servant of God, imagining indeed what the matter was, rejoiced not a little at their words. And perceaving that they in mockery hanged upon her shoulders an old ragged banner, which by chance was found in that forlorn place, turning unto the Gentiles, who were present, she said with a cheerful countenance; Go to in God's name, torment and vex me as much as you please: for all th' wrongs and outrageous injures you shall possibly heap upon me, must needs seem light, yea sweet unto me, when I consider how many and how unspeakable those were, which yet it pleased my Lord & Saviour jesus Christ, to under go, for me poor sinner. This being said, they led her to the place of execution, where being arrived, she cast herself speedily on her knees, and with hands and mind elevated unto God, gave thankes with great feeling, unto his divine Majesty, who bade now granted unto her what she bade long, so ardently desired: Here spent she some time in prayer; and then undauntedly offered her head unto the sword, which with one blow was severed from her body, she beinng now forty and eight years of age. She was no sooner dead, but the Gentiles taking her body, put it into a sack, and so threw it into the sea. Yet, for many days after in all the circuit there about, men had for sole subject of their discourse the wonderful courage and constancy of this renowned servant of God: in so much that the very Gentiles themselves would be raising the trophies of her praises.  
This servant of God Catherine was native of Ichibu, The was of noble extraction, and both her Father and ancestors had been Christians. She was baptised by our Fathers, and she was accustomed to lodge them often in her house. She furthered, together with her husband the good of Christians much in those parts, admitting and entertaining them in all friendly manner, yea she made an Oratory in her house, that they being there assembled might receive the most holy Sacraments. The very first time her husband was solicited by the Gentiles to put off the precious garment of faith; she said unto him with great courage, that he must also resolve never to come more in her sight, if be gave any way to their impious persuasions. Which words the Gentiles took in great disdain, and even then conceived that wrathful fury, which here they vented forth in so many cruel torments as we have said.   

The death of Thomas Mattaichi.  
THomas was by edict banished his country for his religion in the year 1622, after he had been often solicited by the Paynims, though all in vain, to abandon his holy faith. But for so much as he was found to be in a place not above two leagues distant, notice was given to the Tono thereof, and that he continued Christian: whereupon he gave presently order that he should be beheaded. He who was deputed to see him executed, delivered the message, and desired him he would not be offended with him, since he did only what he was commanded. I am, said the servant of God, so fare from being offended with ytu, that I am much pleased with the good will you show, and am sorry the performance of your command hath put you to so great pames. This said, he set himself in the way to a little Island called Cosima, there kneeling down ready for death, the executioner told him he must rise once more, and strip himself to the griddle. He oboyed, & rising with no less peace of mind then serenity of countenance, disarrayed himself, and then kneeling down the second time, he was beheaded being thirty five years of age.  
He was borne in Xisi, a place among the Lands of Firando. His Father and ancestors had been Christians, and he had been baptised by our Fathers. He was very devout, fervent, and much addicted unto spiritual things; he did attend and serve his Mother, who yet was living, with great humility: he did help and assist Christians both by example of good life, and counsel; and he was a mirror of true diligence unto all them of the Sodality whereof he was: giving evident demonstration by continual exercises of piety, what a true judgement he framed of the painted foolery of this world. His death happened upon the third of April 1624., God all mighty calling him to an eternal reward by a short during combat in defence of his holy faith.   

Of four others put to death for Religion in the Precinct of Firando.  
THe want of good information concerning the ensuing Martyrs doth enforce me to use brevity in relation of their deaths. john Taousima Fiyrie, and his son Luke, were borne in janoura, of Christian Parents and ancestors, and baptised by our Fathers. The deputies of the Tono, had quickly there eyes upon these two, as the principal and noted Christians; and perceiving their minds so well fortified, that there was no hope to work upon them, they signified unto our champions that they were to die. The news was most grateful both to john and his son, who when they had put on such coats as are used by the Confraternity, and armed themselves each with a rough discipline in his hand, came stoutly unto the place of justice, where they received a crown of their constancy by loss of their heads upon the 18 day of August, 1624.  
At such time as the persecution was raised against Christians in the Island of Cochs, there was amongst others in that place, a certain Christian woman called Martha: Her son in law holding himself nothing safe, so long as she was in his house, told her that she must either change her religion or seek a new lodging. It was now the most unseasonable time of all the year, the cold was excessive, the whole Country was covered with snow, and the chilly winds poured themselves out on every side: at which time, this ancient and grave woman, not finding any one, who durst entertain her (so great was the terror of the impendent periecution) was constrained to wander over the craggy mountains and wide fields, where sleeping in the open air, and growing even stifle with cold, she ended her days, solitary all alone; save that constant faith did ever accompany her, and a devout mind which was ever erecting her hopes unto the gates of heaven, and we are confident the divine goodness hath laid them open unto her.  
In the beginning of that persecution a citizen of Firando named Hierom gave some signs in his exterior carriage, that he had abandoned his religion; whereat his Father in law being scandalised, who was an ancient and good Christian, took unto him his daughter, who was also much offended with her husband's fact, and went to Nangasachi: the young man at first was all amazed with this his loss; but coming at length to himself he made haste after them, and casting himself at their feet, demanded pardon of his fault; avowing that he would rather die, then be indaced to the like again. The Governor had notice of the matter, and thereupon commanded that he should return with all speed to the state of Firando, that otherwise he would put to death so many of his kindred as should be found with in his district. Herupon the youngman returned to his own country. And he was no sooner arrived, then assailed even by whole troops of the Gentiles, who pressed him to renounce his faith. But Hierom, mindful of the promise he had made to his Father in law, & much more unto almighty God; made always answer, that he would esteem it a special grace & favour, if he might shed his blood for jesus Christ: and finally was beheaded upon the 18 of August 1624. in company of john, and Luke, of whom we formerly spoke, being but 25 years of age when he shut up the period of his life.  
To conclude in a word, the state of Christianity in Firando; the persecution which endured for the space of 2 months, was so bloody and cruel, that japonie hath not hitherto seen the like; yea such was the strange fierceness against the Christians, of those bloodthirsty Paynims, that they did not spare even them, who through fear had renounced their religion: one word was enough to make them run desperate upon the lives of Christians, without distinction of them, who courageously resisted their impiety, or through weakness gave over themselves; notwithstanding there was an express law commanding that such should be spared as would renounce their faith. In the heat of this persecution, many worthy Christians were put secretly to death, whose names as yet are not known, many also were exiled; and some (yet few there were of these) gave I know not what signification in their exterior, that they had forsaken Christ our Lord: and yet the Gentiles hanged certain signs or marks thereof at their doors, obliging them with all to give in security that they should return no more unto our holy faith. A thing not heard of before in japonia, in cases of that nature: They permit not even unto children to have any thing about them, which may be either in public or private, a token of their Christianity: and one for so much as he was accustomed to carry beads about unto the Christians, was kept prisoner in straight endurance for a whole year. They have strictly prohibited in all the Cities of the Country, commerce with other Christians: nor can they endure to hear any thing spoken in favour of them. Our Fathers, who were some times so well received by them of Firando, may not now be named: and, as they writ unto us, it is almost incredible what pangs those poor Christians ate in, whom fear made seem in the exterior renegadoes, finding themselves now destitute of all help: yet they recommend themselves to God, and expect in the longanimity of their hopes, assistance from his divine hand: & their expectation hath been somewhat strengthened, by the death of two chief persecutors, whereof the one was near allied, the other, brother of the Tono. The kinsman, who indeed was not only a chief Actor both in the mooning, and continuing this persecution; but sole cause of F. Camille Costanzo his imprisonment, and the endurance of many others, who have lost their lives in defence of our holy beleese; was unexpectedly oppressed with a sudden death: and not long after the brother, fearing the wrath of the Tono, in regard of some complaints which were made against him; prevented his indignation, by ripping up his own bowels. The misfortunate chance of these two was generally thought, even by the Gentiles themselves, to be a just punishment sent from God. I beseech his divine Majesty to give tranquillity again unto the Christians of those parts, and open the eyes of those poor Gentiles that they may see, and lay hold of our holy faith.   

The death of Calisto Cambo, a Christian of the Lands of Goto.  
GOtodeno, to the end he might make known unto the world, what esteem he made of such laws as Xogun had set down, resolved to put some famous and more remarkable Christians to the sword. And for as much as Caliste Cambo, was as instructor and master of the rest in those Lands, he addressed two of his own servants unto him; who having tound him out, let him understand, that they were commanded to put him to death, for teaching in those Lands, and delivering unto others the doctrine and law of Christ, The servant of God, being nothing troubled at their speeches, made answer cheerfully and said, they had brought him the best news his hart could wish. And the officers, declaring that all his goods were forfeited, led him unto the place of execution, a league from Vacamassu, where he dwelled. His wife, and children, with divers other Christians, accompanied him on his way, who streaming forth fludds of tears; Calistus entreated them they would forbear weeping: or if they neither would nor could refrain, they should pour out tears of joy and thankes giving unto the majesty of almighty God for that so special favour, he had conserred upon him. Being arrived at Tabut, the place where he was to die, it was permitted unto him to write unto divers of his friends; and he did it in such sort as it is hard to say, whether his words did show more powerfully, his great piety, or solid joy. This done he clad himself a new; that his outward attire might bear better proportion with the inward jubilee of his mind: and then (for he was not yet bound,) he demanded of the Sergeants, that they would bind him, and the rough fellows did it with such cruelty, that the sole binding of him, laid open a large field of pains, unto his patience. Finally he gave thankes unto the chief officer, & so calling upon the sovereign names of jesus and Maria, his head was struck of, upon the 19 of April, 1624., in the fifty seventh year of his age.  
Calistus was native of Fiunga. But he was baptised by our Fathers in the kingdom of Bungo, when he was 15 years of age. After he was regenerated by those waters of life, he served in our Church as Dogicke for ten years together; he exercised the same function for some year in the Country of Arima: and lastly persevered in it for 27 years in the Lands of Goto, giving always great testimony of his singular zeal and exactness. He did reside at Vacamaccu, for as much as he might from thence most opportunely give succour unto the present necessities of Christians in those Lands, baptising little infants, teaching the Christian doctrine, disposing the sick to die well, burying the dead, inducing the living unto works of piety; in the midst of all these employments, extending his care unto the Gentiles, he would be ever with all diligence instructing them at such time as they were disposing themselves for baptism. At such time as some of our Fathers made yearly visit in that circuit, he would ever accompany them, procuring that all the Christians should confess; and those who were fit for it, receive the most blessed Sacrament of the Altar. In a word for these and the like offices of Christian charity, he was esteemed by all the faithful, as their master, and a most loving Father. When the precedent persecution began, he was sent in to banishment, but when the fury thereof did relent (as indeed he was generally well beloved,) there was earnest suit made for him, and leave was granted for his return. Finally, the divine goodness disposing to reward his many labours, made him worthy to die in defence of his holy faith, by commandment of Vquavagidono Lord of the Lands of Goto.   

The death of Michael Sori, and Quinzaiemon in the Islands of Goto.  
MIchael and Quinzaiemon were with great fervour employing their best endeavours to promote the spiritual good and salvation of their neighbours in the City of Ochicha, when two of the Tono his servants came to Michael, and solicited him to abandon the faith of Christ, adding that such was the Xogun his pleasure. And receiving such answer as was meet, and might be expected from such a servant of God: they full of disdain, intimated unto him that he must die. At which words, abundance of joy did so pour itself down upon, and redounded even to the exterior in such sort, as it was a pregnant proof of his undaunted courage. Wherefore, giving thankes unto them who had brought him tidings so agreeable unto his heart's desire; apparelling himself in the attire he used on festival days, with great chieerfulness he made haste unto the place appointed for his death. And having disposed himself by prayer, he was beheaded, on the 19 of April 1624. being seventy two years of age when he suffered. He was baptised by our Fathers, being but a child in Ochicha, the City he where was borne. He did exercise himself much in vocal prayer, he fasted all fridays, and did often punish himself by disciplines. He made frequent excursions into the near bordering places, not only of the city, but country all about, to assist his neighbours in their spiritual affairs: he baptised the children succoured the sick, disposing them to a happy passage from this life; and with great diligence did bestow himself, in burying their dead corpse. At such times as the solemn supplications of 40 hours' prayer were celebrated, he would be ever first in giving good example unto others; so that the renown of his singular piety, caused great esteem and veneration towards him, in all men. But, that which in this servant of God was most eminent, was an ardent desire of suffering for Christ: and the divine Majesty permitted at length, that he should be put to death for defence of our holy faith, in the manner we have said.  
Quinzaiemon, a man of great fervour in spirit, lived in the same City, whereof he also was natine; he was accused unto the Tono, (for, his pious & godly life had easily made him known) and by his commandment put to death. A servant of the Governor executing that most unjust sentence, cut of his head. We know not the certain day, but sure we are, that it happened the same year. and by order of the same Tono.   

The death of Thomas Nacangava Mangosuque and joseph Gonzalo, who suffered in Omura.  
THomas and Gonzalus, were accused unto the Governor, as noted Christians, and leaders of the rest; and peculiarly, as favourers of them of our Society, inviting and lodging them in their houses, where they might administer the holy Sacraments unto the faithful in Nangaia, a place sive leagues distant by sea from Omura. Whereupon Thomas was presently cited to appear. And dispatching all business with his kindred and friends, he departed, imagining he was to see them no more. Being arrived at Omura the officers came to bind him; and he laying a side his poiniard, offered himself with great humility unto their bands. Being presented to the judges, it was told him, his life should be granted him, if he would renounce his faith, but he contemning all such prejudicial offers, was sent back unto his own house, where he remained with a strait guard upon him, till such time as he was condemned to die together with joseph Gonzalus, who about that time was taken prisoner with divers other Christians, upon an accusation given in against them by the Paynims. It is not possible to relate what sense of joy these two showed at their meeting, to see, that the providence of almighty God had aslociated them in their death, through whose goodness during their life they had been conjoined in the exercise of good works. They gave thanks with sweet interchange to God, and blessed the hour in which they had been accused: then animating by courle each the other, they jointly begged forces of his divine Majesty, for that last combat. Having passed in this manner their way, they came at last to Mossuiema where they both lost their heads: each of them being 64 years of age, or there about. Their death happened upon the 10 of july 1624., by commandment of Massura Veon and Tobiranga Xirpsaiemon Governors of the state of Omura.  
These two servants of God were borne in Nangaia, a fair town in Omura, and had received holy baptism at the hands of our Fathers many years before. When the persecution began, the house of Thomas served for a Church, and his zealous fervour receiving augment, by the increase thereof, he entertained, not only ours, but also other religious, that the neighbouring Christians might have requisite help in so needful a time. Thomas, was a husbandman, but yet rich and wealthy. Gonzalus was by profession a fisher man: such was his singular zeal, that he aided and assisted his neighbours, nor only in temporal, but in their spiritual affairs. he was much given unto prayer, penance, & fasting: He fasted thrice every week, and thrice enery week did he severely discipline himself. He laboured much for the poor, and obtained large alms for them: he visited the sick with great c●●●ity, and helped to the freeing of many from certain errors where into they were fallen, procuring with all diligence that the Christians might often frequent the holy Sacrament of Confession. But of other works of mercy, the burying of the dead seemed to be his proper care, and peculiar business; so zealously was he intent unto that office. When it was necessary to the help of Christians, for our Fathers to pass secretly into any place, he would conduct them in his barge, and he would be sure they should lodge in his house if it were possible. When as sundry religious men were kept for a long time in durance at Omura, he succoured them with many things where of they stood in want, and performed his charity with strange demonstration of the tender affection he bore towards God's prisoners. When any would endeavour to get the holy bodies of such as had suffered in defence of their faith, they would always have recourse unto Gonzalus, and advice with him, and he would address them to the places, & keep both them and the sacred pledges secretly in his house: which after, in convenient time he would pass over to Nangasachi or whither so ever else is was needful: and he did these things so intrepidly and with such a constant tenor of proceeding, that there would not appear the least token of fear in his countenance, even in most perilous times. To conclude, the whole care, and all the thoughts of Gonzalus were only bend unto the service of almighty God, who disposing to reward both him, and that other champion Themas, even in this life, made them worthy to be enroled in the resplendent host of glorious Martyrs, who have shed their blood in his quarrel.   

The death of Father Michael Caruaglio, of the Society of jesus, and of four other Religious men of the holy orders of Saint Dominicke, and Saint Francis, who suffered for preaching of the holy Gospel.  
PAssing over that, which I could say concerning the virtues of those other Religious (for as much as the relation thereof belongeth unto others;) I will only touch some things which passed in the imprisonment, and life of F. Caruaglio; and afterward say a word concerning the death of each of them.  
Father Michael was come to Omura to take the confessions of some in that City; and the whole business was now ended with great secrecy, when a certain spy discovered him, and gave information of him to the Governor: who addressed forthwith officers to apprehend him, and having brought him to I know not what odd house, they kept him there for the space of two days, with a rope about his neck, & a guard upon him, till such time as they had advised with Gonrogù, Governor of Nangasachi, to know what should be done with him; from whom order came that he should be put in prison with the rest. But because this matter is clearly set down by himself, in a letter to F. Provincial, I will therefore relate his own words.  
I came some few days a go, to Omura, to hear the Confessions of some in this place, when a spy disclosing me to the Governor, I was taken by his appointment, and being conducted to a certain particular house, I remained there for the space of two days, with a rope about my neck & a guard for my custody; after which time order came from Nangasachs, that I should be committed to prison with the rest: but in those two days it pleased God I should not be idle, two of them who were put to guard me, being converted unto our holy faith. In prison, albeit the narrowness of the place was not a little troublesome, it being but 16 hand full long, and 8 broad, for four others and myself; yet I was much comforted, as well in regard I might say Mass every day, as also for that I was in company of four servants of God, of eminent devotion, and very spiritual, one was a Father of Saint Dominickes Order, an European Priest; two were Recolectes of Saint Francis, whereof the one was an European, the other a japonese, both Priests; the fourth was an observant of the 3 rule of Saint Francis: these four so soon as they saw me, made haste to embrace me, and rejoiced much to see me brought thither for having made profession of, and preached our holy faith. Upon Saint Mary magdalen's day (which B. Saint I have ever honoured as my special patroness) began my imprisonment. True it is we are restrained with in the close bounds of a narrow place, but not yet like unto our Saviour jesus Christ upon the Cross. Verily I am not a little comforted to see, that they have taken no man prisoner for my sake, and that they have not examined me concerning others, so that, there hath been no man molested in my behalf: it was meet that I only should suffer, who am the greatest sinner.  
These were the words of F. Caruaglio in his letter to F. Provincial. He remained 13 months in this prison, where he endured very much, but with such sweetness and delight, that in a letter which he wrote to F. Procurator, he saith thus: I was all infirm and feeble of body, but much strengthened, and recreated in spirit; for God the Father of mercy, when he permitteth new molestations, he addeth new favours, and forces to support them. I can affirm of myself, that I feel great sweetness amidst the travels of my endurance, nor should I ever have imagined, that to suffer for the love of God had been a thing so full of delight and pleasure: blessed be ever his divine Majesty. thus he.  
The process of time gave still increase unto his sufferings, but far greater to his charity, which in the breast of this servant of God, did kindle a most inflamed desire of suffering for Christ our Lord. Presaging his passage to a better life, he took leave of divers friends by letters from the prison, and I have thought good to set down one of them in this place, written unto Father Benet Fernandez: out of which it will easily appeared, how he did even long and languish with desire to die for jesus Christ.  
I knew well (saith he) that I was an unprofitable servant, & that I helped as much to the conversion of the world in prison as out of prison. Hence it hath pleased God to shut me up in this restraint, to the end, that doing penance for my sins, imitating the example of these servants of God who are in durance with me, I may redress the time misspent, and go preparing myself to death, which I much desire to the glory of his divine majesty, in satisfaction of my offences. True it is, that setting myself to a due consideration here of, I am affrighted even beyond measure, but when I afterward reflect upon that boundless goodness with maketh the Sun to shine upon the good and bad, the wicked and the just; I can not but take courage, and put great confidence in almighty God (whom me thinks I have ever at hand) hoping, he will impart unto me his holy grace in such abundance, and so enable my weakness, that I may die resolutely for that law, which at this present so many valorous champions, amidst most cruel torments, do defend; and of old the holy Apostles have protected with such abundance of their blood. O my most loving Father, how happy should I be, to see myself consuming in some hideous fire for the love of so good a God How fortunate would I think myself, if disjoining limb from limb they would cut & shred this body of mine into small pieces, in honour of that Saviour who hath prevented me with so many gifts, followed them with ensuing favours, ever enduring and bearing with me, who yet knew well my great ingratitude! O most loving jesus, what shall this miserable sinner ever be able to do, that may be pleasing to thee? By what labours may he satisfy? What torments may he suffer to appease thee? What gibbets hast thou disposed, what raging fires hast thou prepared? Oh my dear Lord, what willest thou that I do? Grant what thou commandest, and command what thou pleasest. Now is the time, my dearest Father, to assist this your unworthy servant, with your fervent prayers and holy sacrifices, that our Lord will give me strength in what soever he pleaseth, that I suffer for my sins; and grant me, that for his glory, and in testimony of his holy law, I may endure many molestations, yea sire, or sword, or what soever else the enemies of God can invent, to my punishment. The world, its pleasures, riches, honours, let them by me be all and for ever loathed; and let my whole contentment be to suffer for jesus Christ. So that, if his divine Majesty be pleased that I pine away in this prison, Fiat voluntas eius. Or if he rather will that I live until the day of judgement in this narrow, and forlorn place oppressed with continual anguish and infirmity, I freely offer myself unto it. But for as much as they writ from Nangasachi that our end is nigh at hand, I take therefore with this my last leave of a friend whom I love so dearly in our Lord, as your Reverence. Pray for me my dearest Father, and I will ever do the like for you. From the prison of Omura, 10 of Feb. 1624.  
Your servant & unworthy friend in endurance for his sint Michael Caruaglio.  
Hitherto are his own words, out of which may easily be gathered his great fervour and spirit; whereof he also giveth no less remonstrance in an other letter to Father Provincial: where he writeth in this manners.  
I understand that in jendo many have suffered death for Christ. O happy a thousand times! o blissful marryrs of jesus, who have not doubted in presence of the Court of Xogun, to lay open in apparent view, how unjust his laws are, & how righteous those of our Omnipotent God, for whose honour they have undauntedly spent their blood, and lives! O bliss! o happiness without comparison! o holy hatred, a death so much more fortunate, by how much life seems more miserable to me in this vale of tears. So that I am compelled to say with Saint Paul, cupie dissolui & esse cum Christo. O me poor wretch, who for that I am a green them, only stored with sins, am not admitted to those glorious combats, which God reserveth to his elect. Your Reverence, who are my Father, and are so powerful with our Lord God, pray for me, that he be pleased, to look down favourably, and cast his eyes of mercy upon me, that as I am imprisoned for his love; so I may spend my life to the increase of his glory, and in satisfaction of my sins.  
Thus wrote he in his letter to Father Provincial. Finally order came from Nangasachi, that all the Religious should be put to death, who so soon as they had understood the certainty thereof, shown extraordinary signs of joy. Upon the 25 of Aug. they were led forth of prison all five, fast bound, with ropes about their necks, and accompanied with a band of soldiers. The Priests went each bearing a cross in his hand, & continually fixed in prayers till such time as they came to ship, whither they entered with some few of the officers, the rest continuing their journey by land. They were arrived at the place appointed for their death, a field called Facò, when giving thankes unto those who had conducted them, for the pains they had taken they went to land, and the Priests lifting on high the crosses which they bore in their hands, they began to recite psalms with a loud voice: when Father Caruaglio perceaving now a great multitude to be assembled, turning unto them, You must understand, said he, that we are Christians, and that we die of our free and voluntary accord, for the faith of Christ our Lord. The admirable serenity of their countenances put their joy so clearly in view of the beholders, that amazed thereat, they said, these men seemed to go rather to some feast or banquet, then unto death. Finally, their desired end approaching the first who was tied unto a stake, was Father Michael Caruaglio, of our Society, the second Father Peter Vasquez, of the Order of Saint Dominicke. The third, Father Lewis Sotello: The fourth Father Lewis Sassaudra both of the same Order of Saint Francis. The fifth, Brother Lewis, Observant of the third Order, a japoness. Being tanked in this order, they were bound in such sort, that after the cords should be burned, they might yet be able to stir themselves, to the end their troubled action, and disordered motion, might incite the people to laughter. Every one was attired in his own habit, with his eyes fixed upon heaven. When the fire was kindled, which in regard of the small quantity of wood, burned very slowly, so that, the rope where with Brother Lewis the japonese was bound, being consumed, he might have departed at his pleasure. The rest of his valorous associates were jointly with loud voice reciting a certain devote prayer, and the fire grew to advance itself; when he departing from his stake, with noble contempt of those raging flames, made haste to do reverence, and kiss submissively the hands of the Priests his companions: then exhorting with a loud voice the standers by to embrace the faith of Christ in which alone is true safety and salvation, he returned generously unto the stake again, and leaning himself unto it, without any further tying, (for he was already sufficiently bound in the bands of charity to Christ our Lord) he endured, without ever moving himself, the fury of those flames, until at length he rendered his invincible soul to God. The others were already so oppressed with the smoke & fire which had now taken possession of their mouths, that they could nor as they wished, express themselves; yet should you hear them now and then break forth in to those sonereigne names of jesus and Marta whose aid the servants of God implored in their torments. Father Michael Caruaglio, for as much as there had beme more wood, and a more uchement fire about him, was the second who died, after he had given diverle arguments of his stout courage, and extraordinary constancy, Father Lewis Sassandra, a joponese, of the Order of Saint Francis, died in the third place. He, observing that the cords where with he had been tied, were now consumed by the fire, was desirous before he breathed forth his holy soul, to go and do reverence unto the Priests his companions; but making assay, and not being able to move himself, his feet being already burned, he remained at his own stake; from whence doing reverence with profound inclination unto those two his companions, who yet were alive, he died with constancy worthy a Religious man adorned with so remarkable virtue as himself. The other two remained, the fire not well approoching to them, and in particular to Father Lewis Sotello. The executers of this cruelly resolved to take some quantity of straw and other dry litter, and setting it on fire, they divided it into two parts, and yet for all this, their piles not burning very violently, gave matter of more irksome torment to these servants of God. They remained therefore 3 hours in the fire, ever immovable, consuming away in linger slow flames; after which space of time they ended the course of a combat so much more glorious, as it was produced longer, upon the 25 of Aug. 1624. by order of the Governors of Omura & Nangasachin. The glorious champions of Christ being dead, that the Christians might not enjoy their blessed bodies, they burned them even to cinders; then putting the ashes into a sack, and advancing themselves into the wide sea, there did those impious officers cast them abroad: yea they set some to watch the place where they had suffered, lest any bone or small relic which might be left, should be taking away. Yet it hath pleased God, notwithstanding all the diligence of the Paynims, that the Christians found certain bones, and pieces of stakes to which they had been bound, which were taken up, and are conserved. A man can not explicate how great the admiration of the Gentiles was, and the confusion of some renegadoes, who found themselves present at the spectacle. And they confessed all, that the ordinary heat which the season itself brought with it being unsupportable, they could not understand by what forces the servants of God were able to resist so immonably the lingering flames of the flow fire.  
Father Michael Caruaglio, by nation Portughese, was borne in the City Braga: he entered into the Society when he was twenty years of age, and having ended his studies of Philosophy, he embarked for judia in the year 1602; where he both heard, and read Divinity with great satisfaction: being 40 years of age and some what more, he demanded with diligent and earnest suit, that he might be sent into China, that so he might pass, if it should be possible, into japonia. Having obtained leave, he went to sea in a galley, together with one more of the Society; but suffering shipwreck in their way, they landed upon the coast of Malaca, where continuing the voyage on foot, in great penury and want, they came at last unto the City of Macao: from hence Father Caruaglio, by appointment of his Superiors, shipped in secular attire, for japonia, in company of some other Portugheses, and he was permitted to pass under title of an Indian soldier, Being arrived at Nangasachi, they were all strictly examined, he only excepted: So that coming to land he procured to find out a certain Portughese, in whose house he made his abode till such time as he was sent into the Island: of Amacusa, to learn the language. In that Island he sundry times fell sick, as well for lack of food and necessary sustenance, as for the immoderate colds of that clyrnat. The overplus of his time which was not employed in study of the language, he spent in prayer, which in a manner he always performed kneeling. He would not say holy mass, till first he had spent a whole hour either in reading spiritual books or meditating by way of preparation; in the performance of that dreadful sacrifice he shed tears in abundance; and having ended it, he would spend an other hour in thanksgiving. He was much devoted unto the B. Virgin. He disciplined himself every day; and upon the vigiles of solemn feasts twice, pouring out sometimes by the scars of hat rigorous instrument, great quantity of his blood. He wore in a manner always a ragged hair cloth, & sometimes not contenting himself therewith; a frock of frozen ad hard iron served him for a shirt. He fasted 3 days every week, but on the eve of chief feasts, and all the fridays of the year, his abstinence was in bread and water only. He added alms to his fasting, giving away for the love of God, now part, now all that where on he should have fed. In a time of great dearth, he sought for alms with much feeling and compassion, and having procured some quantity, he divided it all unto the poor, and needy; and namely to the peasants and country people. Having learned the language in such sort that he could hear confessions, he dedicated himself unto the help of souls, with admirable fervor till at length, in the 27 year of his being in the Society, the 47 of his age, professed of 4 vows, he finished the course of his days, in Omura, having always led rather an Angelical, then mortal life, as was the constant report of all such as were conversant with him.   

The state of Christianisme in Tacaco.  
THere are in sundry Residences eight Fathers and one brother with their Dogickes', to aid and assist the Christianity of Tacaco: and of the elder sort of people a hundred and twelve have been already baptised. At what time the Christians of Tacaco lived in peaceable tranquillity they were unexpectedly accused unto Massura Bungondono for burying the dead, in the gardnes of their houses. Bungondono was a great friend of all polished neatness; so that, incensed with disdain, he commanded that all the Christians should deliner the bodies of the dead unto the Bonzi, that otherwaise their goods should all be forfeited. The Christians understanding thereof began to suspect, this might be a beginning of some such persecution as was already on foot in jendo, wherefore giving notice to our Father who remained there, and disposing themselves diversely to death, which had been threatened them together with confiscation of their goods; they testified by giving up their names (as they were ready to show in fact,) that they would rather die, then transgress the law of God. The Gentiles, who esteem the Christians for opiniatres and obstinate people, having understood here of, prevailed so far with the Tono that he should appease himself and dissemble the matter, notwithstanding those sharp threats he had published.  
There was a Gentile converted by occasion of a Christian child, with only observing how frequently he would retire himself to prayer: it soeming to him a thing impossible, that true safety and salvation should not be found in that law, which was able to imprint such devotion evenin little children, wherefore he made a long voyage to find out our Fathers, from whom receiving such instruction as was necessary, he was baptised together with one of his daughters.  
A renegado had adopted to his son a little boy which was Christian: the child went one day very resolutly unto him, giving him to understand that he would leave him; the renegado amazed somewhat at this novelty, (not reflecting on the Idol he kept in his house, which the Gentiles by troops came to adore) asked him the reason thereof: and the child with great zeal making answer, because, said he I will not remain in that house where the devil dwells. And he spoke this with such efficacy, that the renegado entering into himself, roused as it were from some deep lethargy, reviewed his error, and utterly forsaking all Idolla liveth at this present, as a good Christian ought to do.   

The Residence of Amacusa, and missions of the kingdom of Fingo.  
THere resideth in Oiano, one of the Lands of Amacusa, 1 Father of our Society, who often times, howbeit not without great trouble and dannger passeth into Fingo, to visit & comfort the Christians of that kingdom.  
A certain youngman having received baptism, one of the Bonz: did complain thereof to his Father with great clamour and contention, adding many threats that he would accuse him to the Governors: but perceaning soon after that the Christians were accorded by common consent, to adventure their whole estates, suffer banishment, yea lose their lives if so it should be necessary, for defence of the new Christian, and their faith; changed his mind: and so the troubles which were beginning in that place fell to nothing.  
At such time as one of our Fathers came into a certain town to visit the Christians, a principal officer of the Tono, gave notice unto him who was chief amongst the Christians, that our Fathers might not be lodged, and that he should be mindful there of, nor presuine to do it, for as much as he would severely punish the transgressors of that appointment. Whereunto the Christian made answer; that he was ready to undergo what so ever punishment, and that he might therefore do what he thought good. The Paynim, having heard that resolute answer & understanding there by that the Christian was prepared either to be outlawed or executed for his faith passed no farther in the matter.  
Many have been confirmed in their faith, by occasion of a little child, whom one of our Fathers as he was teaching the Christian doctrine discovered to bear continually upon his naked flesh a horrid rope strait gilded about him, to do, as he saith, penance for his sins. The same Father found also a woman, who now for many years had abstained from eating flesh, in satisfaction of a vow made unto the most Blessed Virgin, unto whom she recommended herself, begging by her assistance that she might escape the hands of the Gentiles with whom she dwelled, & had obtained the favour even when she least imagined. Albeit the Prince of Fingo was not very vehement in persecuting the Christians, notwithstanding one of his principal attendants in absence of his Lord, desirous to gratify the Xogun, hath caused one Lewis, and Mary his wife, to be apprehended, whom he holdeth prisoners in the Castle of Yassuxiro, and useth divers means to molest them. They have hitherto remained constant, assisted and helped by F. Francis Boldrino, who makes divers excursions to secure the Christians of those parts. God grant them perseverance: for they expect to die, as well as the rest.   

The Residence of the kingdom of Chigugen and missions thereof.  
THe two Governors, between whom the kingdom of Chigugen is denied, to show their fidelity to the Xogun, first exiled all Christians strangers, and then began to put forth cruel edicts against the inhabitants; all which the stout followers of the law of Christ our Lord have courageously overcome: though true it is, some few are found who have fallen off from their holy design. One of these Governors caused to be brought before him a principal and chief Christian, a man wealthy in riches, but richer in faith. This man, being threatened with death, in lieu of other answer, offered his head ready to the sword: whereat the Gentle not a little astovished, commanded for the present he should departed out of his presence, admonishing him, that he should think better, and that he would afterwards call for him again. In an other town they used the like threats to an other Christian, but not being able to compass their wicked intents, the Gentiles, having sent him home, they addressed officers, to apprehend his wife, and confiscate all his goods. The news was no sooner intimated, when that constant woman turning to her husband, said, there could no better tidings have been brought us; wherefore take no further thought of me: and forthwith, taking her little infant in her arms, with great fervour put herself on the way towards the judges, to give account of herself: but a messenger met her soon on the way, who gave notice, that for the present she was to return, and should be called for some other time and in conclusion as well these named, as the rest of that place were permitted to live quietly: their present resolution, giving a clear remonstrance of of their future constancy.  
In Tanaca the Governors' experienced no less promptness in the Christians, to suffer either banishment or death; for many having been molested, none were overcome; and some not to put themselves into further danger, took upon them a voluntary exile, where they remained poor in commodities, but rich in merits in the sight of God. A certain Christian coming unto an other City, the Christians of that place demanded of him, wherefore he had abandoned his own Country? he made answer, that he might not abandon his faith. But the Christians inhabitants of this City reprehended him sharply and told him; to fly was sign of a dastard, and therefore that he should return, and if necessity should so require, not doubt to spend his life in such a quarrel. The Christian hearing this, imagining he was obliged to return, without delay made haste unto his Country. Being returned, a Bonzio a friend of his had soon espied him, and imagining he had renounced his faith began to congratulate the matter with him. But the Christians let him understand that he was not only, not changed, but that the reason of his return was, that he might die in honour of Christ our Lord. Whereupon the Bonzio grew into such disdain, that he swore, he would find out means to vex him. But it pleased God that all did fade and fall to nothing, for the Governor how be it he was informed of the whole matter, yet he gave order the Christian should be no farther molested.  
Father julian Nacaura, of our Society (one of those four japonesi, who by means of our Fathers came Ambassadors to Rome to render obedience, in person of their Princes to his Holiness) hath care not only of this kingdom, but of those also of Chigugen and Bugen. It hath so fallen out that in divers places his visits happened in the very time of the troubles and persecution, by which occasion he hath suffered very much: and his weakness sometimes was so great, either in regard of the toil of his journey, or violent oppression of famine, that not being able to move himself, he was carried in men's arms. The kingdom of Chigugen being devolved unto the King's sons by the death of their Father, it seemed good unto the Governors to persecute the Christians, as deeming that no unsitt means to conserve the Xogun in good liking towards their new Lords: but the moderation of the officers hath been such, that no great trouble hath befallen the Christians upon this occasion.  
The Christians of Aquizuqui have given abundant testimony of their constancy. A good Christian woman, wife unto a noble Paynim, had heretofore been much molested by her husband: but now, the rude barbarian proceeded so far as to clap a hot fire brand to her naked flesh, vowing he would use her yet more hardly if she would not recant. Yet she not daunted with this cruelty, remains still constant in confession of Christ; begging (as saith a Father of ours) with great instance, of his divine Majesty, that he will not abandon her: and the same Father affirms, that she is most ready to suffer all possible torment, in so holy a cause.  
At this present Fosocava Yeichndono, son to Nangaochayuchu ruleth in the kingdom of Bugen, This man is different from his Father, and well affected unto our affairs, resembling therein rather his Mother, called Grace, whom we have often mentioned in our former histories, for a woman of good life and great fervour in profession of our holy faith.   

The Residence of the Kingdom of Bunge.  
BEfore the persecution began, there were 44 of the elder sort baptised in this kingdom, besides those, who repenting themselves ran back into the lap of our holy mother the church. In some of those the just chastisement of God hath particularly appeared. For of many possessed persons, divers have been found to be such as had abandoned their faith. The house of a certain Christian chanced to be burned, and when the fire had consumed all things to ashes he set himself to seek certain moneys which he had in a chest when the fire first took. But in lieu of his money, which he looked for, he found what he sought not: for as much as dispersing the cinders to and fro, he found three pictures of Saints which were glued upon a board, and yet had suffered no damage by the fire: he found more over, some pairs of wooden beads, which he knew to be such as had pardons to them, he perceived that others were burned, which had not the Indulgence, as he very well observed. The Christians having understood the accident, hold those pictures and hallowed beads, in great reverence, and are much confirmed in their faith.  
There do reside in Bungo two servants of the Xogun, for no other respect then only to give notice under hand of all that passeth in that kingdom: and the Governors are not ignorant here of. So that fearing to be accused they have began to persecute the Christians in such sort, that in man's memory there hath not been the like, either for political stratagems, edicts, threats, or troublesome persuasions. Father joannes de Costa to whom the care of those Christians is deputed, hath been so chased from place, to place that not finding any who durst receive him, he hath been forced to retire himself into the furthest and most remote confines of the kingdom, together with one Dogicke and one servant; and the persecution hastened so fast after him, that it had almost driven him out even from those foilorne places. But having overcome all that difficulty, he incurred imminent danger of his life, through a deadly sickness, where into he tell, as well through the incommodities of his dwelling, as continual and toilsome iorneys to divers places in succour of the Christians, of whom howbeit some few are revolted, yet far more are they, who having endured fierce combats for the faith of Christ, remain valiant and unvanquishable.  
Linus, of whom we have spoken in our former relations, after many banishments formerly endured, hath together with many other now lately been outlawed, with his wife and Children, he hath suffered wonderful much, nor finding any one who would intertertaine him, till at last he chanced upon a Christian, called john Diogo; who, having friendly received him and all them of his company into his house, not long after was constrained himself to go into banishment for Christ our Lord, and travel through many places not finding any one, who ever would so much as lodge him: such was the fear and terror of Xogun his law. Yet he endured all with such patience that many understanding what had befallen him, left their country of their own accord, that they might not be in danger to leave there faith. An other Christian called Organtinus, of 76 years of age and more, hath already been tried in 5 several persecutions, and remained ever victorious. This man, as an old soldier, and known for such of all men, was in peculiar manner molested by the Tono: but all his endeavours were frustrate: for this our experienced warrior did never show any the least sign of levity or unconstancy: whereopon the Tono in great admiration commanded one day, that he should departed from him, and retire to his own house, remaining with in doors without taking any sustenance, so that he should starve with famine. This good Christian remained four days without taking any food, and his wife did the like, imagining they did an act of high merit: but finding themselves much weakened through hunger, they sent unto our Father, to know what they were to do in that case: and having answer that they should take their food, they did so, and strait recovered there corporal forces: having already given unto the Tono (who afterwarward molested them no more) an assay of the interior forces of their mind, to defend, by divine assisistance, our holy faith.  
An other ancient Christian, called john Mangesuqus a servant sometimes of justus Tacayamancundone, hath been proved by divers assays: but he ever answereth, that justus his Lord with divers others of his company died for their faith, and that he also would take great comfort, if other by sword or fire he might in his death follow the footsteps of those, whom during their life he so much esteemed. So that for the present he is by appointment of the Governors kept prisoner in such sort, as no man may be admitted to speak with him, and expecteth day by day to lose his life for his Religion.   

The death of Leo Miz aqui Xinyemen and of his three sons.  
IN one of the persecutions past, Leo gave some signs in the exterior, as if he had forsaken being a Christian: but he canceled soon after by penance that error. At such time therefore as this present storm arose, calling unto him his eldest son, he told him that this time he would show an other manner of resolution, and that he was determined, that neither fear of any what so ever torment, nor inordinate affection and love even to life itself, should be able to induce him to commit the like fault: wherefore if he, as being but young, would rather departed, for some other place, then remaining expose himself to further danger, that he would procure him fit means and opportunity. The son having understood his Father's opinion and design, finding it for his purpose, answered; he would go his ways. The called he his three other sons, demanding of them whether they would escape away with their brother, or surely abide with him? Whereunto, Andrew, Thomas, and john, made answer they would tarry in their own Country; and if it should chance to cost them their lives, it should only accomplish their desires. The officers of the Tono having notice that the eldest son was fled, fearing lest Leo himself should also escape away, they took john, and kept him prisoner for a pledge. Whereupon Leo made haste unto the chief officers house, and having found him; it is true said he, some years past, in the exterior I failed if my duty, but now I am prepared to die, fear not that I will fly from you. When he said thus, the judge not only contenting himself with him whom he had prisoner, dispatched some, who should take his other son, Thomas, under the same pretence. Mean space arrived there a principal officer of the Tono, who examined Leo, very particularly, concerning the cause of his son's flight, and he would hear Andrew about the same matter, who yet was not prisoner. The Father being questioned concerning his faith, behaved himself like a good and valorouse Christian: but the poor son, I know not how, shown himself faint: whereupon he was sent unto a temple of the Idols, to give some sign that he had abandoned his faith. The youth went, and when he returned, he said the Bonzo would not admit the sign whereof he made offer: and so the judge commanded him to give in bail thereof, and that he would send a servant who should obtain from the Bonzo what he should desire. The timorous youth did so, imagining hereby he should be quiet for many years: but soon after coming to himself, he repent of his fact, and with many tears, demanded humbly pardon of God, putting himself in prison with his Father, and other brothers, confessing a new with great courage the faith of Christ. The three brothers were called one day before the officers to be examined: and many torments were inflicted upon them, in the place; The first was by water which they enforce men to drink in excessive quantity; but for as much as this torment, though very painful, seemed to the judges, not powerful enough to work their intent, they commanded that about the calf or brawny parts of their legs, should be straight bound certain canes bigger than those which we have, which cutting the skin in sundry places, draw forth the blood, in great abundance, of such as undergo the tormer. It is not yet certainly known wherefore they were tortured in this manner, but the Common voice is, for not declaring the reason why their eldest brother fled, and for that being solicited to forsake their faith, they did never give way by any the least word thereunto. The Gentiles remained wholly amazed, & made known unto the Tonos Father, how the matter had passed; and he, after divers conferences and consultations had with his son, concluded, that they would send unto those servants of the Xegun, of whom I spoke before, to understand, what was their opinion. They having understood how all had succeeded, as Paynims, and enemies of our holy law, made answer that it was meet they should all be executed. All things were presently dispatched according to the opinions of these men, and so there was forthwith a messenger addressed unto Leo to intimate unto him the sentence, from the Tono, who promised him that after his death, his eldest son should be called back and much honoured; Our valorous Leo rejoiced much here at, and gave thankes unto him who had brought him the news; & he declared what till that time he had kept secret, to wit, that he had caused his son to withdraw himself, to the end that being a Christian he might not expose himself to the danger of forsaking his faith: whence he conjectured that although he were recalled, he would not return to that place whilst the daungee should continus. He added that he was sorry for that the officer had been put to those pains about him the time before, when the Christians were examined; and that he was sorry from his hart for his having then obeyed the Tono: for that albeit, he seemed in his exterior to have revolted, yet did he ever in his interior adhere unto Christ our Lord: And I hope said he this day wherein I am to die, I shall purchase and recover again, what soever then I lost through fear. And having spoken in this manner, he went forth with his sons, and took his way towards the place appointed for their death, Leo, accompanied his steps with those divine words of the Angelical Salutation and so soon as he came with in sight of the place in which by loss of his life, he was to give in his last evidence and declaration of his faith, he put of his shoes and stockings, that so he might go with all possible reverence unto that place where in he was to die for Christ. Being now even at the goal, where unto they so willingly made haste, the 3 sons stood with eyes fixed upon the heavens, when their Father bade them give attentive ear unto what he should tell them: You must then understand, said he, that you are but earth, and that all things contained in this wide universe, were created as helps for man, to the salvation of his soul; which at this instant you are to offer unto God, who therefore hath created you that he might confer upon you the bliss of eternal salvation. He added here unto divers other edificative speeches, when one of the Tonos sons, a youth of tender years arriving there, the officers that he might speak no more taken occasion to stop their mouths in such sort that they could not utter any word.  
The young youth, who came purposely to be present at this spectacle, was desirous to see how well their Simitars would cut, and therefore the officers would not put the condemned persons to death as they were accustomed to do, but in a more inhuman, barbarous and cruel fashion; to wit, taking their blow from above the right arm in such sort that the weapon issue forth under the left, or contrary, not unlike unto the fashion in which our deacons wear a stole; and to give more content unto the young Barbarian, they tied every once right hand unto a stake, and thus prepared they came forth, first Leo, and then his sons, whilst the Barbarous Paynim recreated himself, with his attendants to see how sharp those swords or Simitars were, which with one blow piercing both flesh and bones would cut the body from side to side, and in an instant divide a man in two.  
Leo was 60 years of age; Andrew 25; Thomas 23; and john twenty: as well the Father as his sons, were borne in a part of the kingdom of Bungo, called Togi. They died on the 28 of May 1624., by command of Inaba Friocodono, Lord of Vsuqui a Principal place of the kingdom of Bungo.    

THE TABLE.  

OF the Temporal state of japonia, and the present condition of Christian Religion. Pag. 1.  
The exercise of the Christians in prison. pag. 10.  
How the above named fifty Christians were burnt alive by command from the Xogun. pag. 13.  
The names of some of the above mentioned martyrs, according to the order they stood, beginning from the City. pag. 20.  
A brief relation of the life of F. Hierom de Angelis & of B. Simon jempo of the Society of JESUS. pag. 22.  
How four and twenty Christians were put to death for the confession of Christian faith in the City of jendo. pag 28.  
Of other seventeen Christians burned alive in the Town of jendo for professing Christian Religion. pag. 31.  
A relation of the persecution raised in the beginning of the year 1624. in the Countries of Massamune; in which above 24. Christians were put to death, together with F. Diego Caruaglio of the Society of JESUS. pag. 32  
Of the persecution in the Kingdom of Deva, & the death of three Christians pa. 54.  
Of Christianity in the Country of Cami. pag. 58.  
The death of Francis joyama Sintaro in the City of Firoxima. pag 68  
The death of Mathias Xobora Schizaimon. pag. 73.  
The death of joachim Curoyemon, in Firoxima. pag. 75.  
The death of john Tananguia Cufroi. pag. 76.  
Of the persecution of Christians in certain places of the Kingdom of Figen p 86.  
The persecution of the Christians of the City of Firando and the terntory belonging to it, in which eight and thirty suffered death. pag 95.  
The death of nine Christians of the house and family of Gabriel, who had lodged F. Camillus Constantius of the Society of JESUS. ibid.  
The death of five other Christians in Vsucca. pag 104.  
The death of Isabella Mother of Damianus, and Beatrice his wife, with their four children. pag. 107.  
The death of Mary, wife to john Sucamoto, and her four sons. pag. 122.  
The death of Michael jamando Fiemon, and Ursula his wife, with three of their children. pag. 115.  
The death of Catherine, wife to john Yuqumoura. pag. 120.  
The death of Thomas Mattaicht, p. 125.  
Of four others put to death for Religion in the Precinct of Firando. pag. 126.  
The death of Calisto Cambo, a Christian of the Lands of Goto. pag. 131.  
The death of Michael Sori, and Quinzaiemon, in the Lands of Goto. pag. 134.  
The death of Thomas Nacangava Mangosuque, and joseph Gonzalo, who suffered in Omura. pag. 136.  
The death of Father Michael Caruaglio, of the Society of JESUS, and of four other Religious men of the holy Orders of Saint Dominicke and Saint Francis, who suffered for preaching of the holy Gospel. pag. 140.  
The state of Christianisme in Tacaco. pag 153.  
The residence of Amacusa, and missions of the Kingdom of Fingo. pag. 155.  
The residence of the Kingdom of Chigugen, and missions thereof. pag. 157.  
The residence of the Kingdom of Bungo. pag. 161.  
The death of Leo Mizaqui Xinyemon and of his three sons. pag. 165.   
FINIS.