july 29. Numb. 42. MORE NEWS OF THE GOOD SVCcesse of the Duke of BRUNSWICK. Fully Relating His last and several Victories achieved against the Forces of Monsieur TILLY. With the Muster, March, Strength, Order, Approaches, Encounters, and Pursuits of the said Duke of Brunswick; from the first setting forth unto the third of our july. As likewise some Letters betwixt the old Duke of Brunswick and Monsieur Tilly, concerning the State of the Business. Something also Of the Emperors other Preparations, and several other Occurrences about the Kings of Denmark, Poland, and Sweden. Together with other weekly News from sundry other places. LONDON, Printed for Nathaniel Butter, and Nicholas Bourne, 1623. THE CONTINUATION OF OUR WEEKLY news out of Italy, Hungary, Bohemia, Silesia, Austria, the Pallatinate, Eischvelt, Westphalia, the Low Countries, and other places of the upper and lower Germany. Condition's of composition having been offered unto Bethlem Gabor by the Emperor, and for aught we yet hear refused (as we told you in our last printed, july 22) The Emperor being now at last, either much wearied, or more weakened with the wars, seems of late times to be rather willing to require a peace, then at leisure to expect, (as aforetimes) the mediation of great Princes unto him to grant it. So that there were the last year scarce more Ambassadors retaining upon him at Vienna, than he hath of late sent abroad upon his own employments. Witness those messages of his; unto the States of Hungary, to persuade with them for their constancy; unto the Great Turk, for the conserving of the peace, concluded for twenty years with the former Emperor Rodulphus; unto the Duke of Saexonie, to know whither he were to expect him a friend, foe, or Neutral; unto the Princes of the lower Saxony, to desire passage for Tilly, and denial of passage to Brunswick: and lastly unto Brunswick himself, with a second pardon, and unto Mansfield, (as it is thought) with some promises of much preferment: Of all which we shall speak as we have occasion. The Emperor's present and most apparent hopes, seem to depend upon Monsieur Tilly, and his greatest fears in Bethlem Gabor; who having of late reassumed the Title of King elect of Hungary, which he is said to have stamped upon his Coin, and to have beside his own preparations of Hungars and Walachians, which he hath mustered, and with them advanced forwards, and sent the Turks and Tartars unto Canisia, and the Borders of the Empire, (which they are feared to be ready to enter, so soon as Harvest is off the ground,) he is further believed to have agreed with the Turks and Tartars in another place, that they for the diversion of the King of Poland's aid, promised by him unto his Brother in Law the Emperor, and fall upon his Lands of Podolia; which as they have often this year heretofore made inroads upon, so now are they said in most huge multitudes, (their fears in Silesia makes them report, that there are 200000 of them) to be upon falling in once again upon it. Besides all which, Bethlem Gabor is thought to correspond with the King of Sweden, who upon the expiration of the truce betwixt him and Poland, is said to have a brave Army in a readiness, for the raising of the siege of Riga, which 'tis said that the young Prince of Poland is to besiege presently with 20000 men. Sweden is also said to have a fair Fleet, with 23 ships, of which as some Shippers of Amsterdam that loosed from Dantzick, june 29, and july 1, relate; That the King of Poland and his son being then to be entertained by the Dantzickers in their Town; that the King of Sweden lay before the River about Dantzick, with 23 ships, or as others say, with 28: many of which were furnished with 28 fair cast pieces of Brass, (there being a report also, that his Majesty of Sweden himself in person, was aboard one of them) which fleet haling all ships that past that way for the King of Sweden; did strictly and severally examine all the Shippers they could meet with, and arrested the ships of Poland: they of the Fleet of Sweden also reported, that their King had an Army in a readiness for the defence of the Country of Lituania, which of late days he took from the Crown of Poland. Thus write the Letters from Amsterdam, july 17. Lastly, is Bethlem Gabor affirmed, to maintain near intelligence with Brunswick and Mansfield, that so the Emperor might have work enough on all sides: and whosoever (finally) being discontented with the Emperor, and repairs to him, he entertains; as accounting them to be friends sure enough to him, and foes eager enough against the Emperor, whom their own private interest makes to be so. For prevention of all which, the Emperor is said to have sometimes conceived a very good hope, that by a speedy strengthening of Monsieur Tilly, he should either by treaty or victory conclude time enough with Brunswick to employ Tilly above in Bohemia or Silesia, which hath been most of the reason, that those Cosacks which himself meant for defence of those Countries, were by himself threatened unto both the circuits of Saxony, to be ready to be sent unto the aid of Tilly; and that his Camp in Bohemia, for which a place had been laid out about Coningsgraets, is since that thought fitter to be form about Egra. For which purpose the Colonel Walsterp was about the end of june, come from Coningsgraets to Prage, with Commission from the Emperor to do it. Who was thereupon to have some better place it seems, for his own Regiment being mustered and paid, he was to leave to be commanded by the Count of the Nagrat, whose Lieutenant Colonel, one Merote was to be. About which business also the landgrave of Lichtensteyne, Lord Deputy of Bohemia, and the Count of Swartzenberg, were instantly to repair unto Prage, to consult upon that, and upon the message of the Duke of Bavaria, and the Bishop of Wurtzberg, who had then sent to Prage for all the aid that could be spared out of Bohemia, to be forthwith sent down to Monsieur Tilly, who expected no other but to be put to it to fight presently. But the Count of Swartzenbergh having diverse advices and Letters of the Emperor about him, is said to have been killed in the way (by some that lay for the purpose) and his packets and intelligence taken away, which will bring forth a new discovery. This Count of Swartzenbergh, which is thus said to be killed, is the very same Gentleman who was the last year that great Ambassador from the Emperor, being here in London feasted and entertained. As for the two aids of Cosacks, those 4000 which came to offer their service to the Emperor, they lie yet in Moravia about Brin and Iglaw; where having done much hurt, they are now said to keep better discipline, since that the country of Austria hath been enforced to contribute towards their victuals, and that they have been received into the pay of the Bishop of Neus, who is the Archduke Charles, brother to the Emperor. But for those other 12000 which lay above, between the Frontiers of Poland, Brandenburg, and Silesia; their behaviour was so good, that the Silesians raised 10000 men to withstand their passage; which they offering to force, the Silesians killed diverse of the Cosacks; the Elector of Brandenburg likewise, and the Duke of Pomeren, have commanded their subjects from man to man, to make up towards the Cosacks' quarters; and if they shall offer to forage or burn the Villages, as they have done, to cut the throats of them. And this is the truth of the Emperor's warlike and apparent preparations for resisting of Bethlem Gabor. The State of Hungary is distracted and hath not as yet agreed upon the choice of their Palatine for this year: The Camp in Bohemia, is for suspicion of brunswick's making upwards, drawn down to Egra further from Hungary, and nearer to Brunswick; (as being in the very confines of Bohemia, next to the Dominions of Bavaria and Saxony, and close upon the upper Pallatinate;) much of which Army is also (for the time) to be divided, by sending aid out of it to Monsieur Tilly; and for the Auxiliarie Cosacks, you see in what distress they are themselves. Here are the helps, that the Silesians have now 10000 men (which whether they purpose or shall be able to continue in the Emperor's service, or whether they gathered them only upon this occasion to withstand the Cosacks, we cannot tell.) And for supply of money, there is a new Imposition, and that a greater one, laid upon Moravia and Silesia, (as for Lusatia which should contribute with them, it is you hear sequestered into the hands of the Duke of Saxony. They of Silesia being to pay five florins a month, for every Citizen, and every Country man or Boer two and a half. The confiscated goods of the Protestants in Bohemia and those parts may yield some addition of treasure; which business goes now forward very earnestly; And that course which is taken with the jews both at Vienna and Prague, is likely to bring in a fairer Entrato and a good round sum. For the jews are in the end of june, in both these cities warned, either to turn to the Catholic Religion; or else out of hand to pay so much moneys for the entertainment of the Emperor's Armies, and in case they refuse to do either, they are commanded presently to avoid the land, this is written from Vienna june 28, & 29. And thus have Christian Princes, still in their necessity saved themselves upon the jews from time to time. Now for the countenancing of Monseur Tilly, the Emperor hath of late taken diverse courses: As june 23. he sent a Post unto the lower Creitz of Saxony, once more to require a final resolution of them, whether they were purposed to grant passage unto his enemies through their Countries or not, (meaning Duke Christian of brunswick's army) which if they purposed to do, he then threatened them with the sending down of the Cossackes towards the aid of Monseur Tilly. And for this answer he propounded them eight days, that is, by the eight of july, as they write from Vienna june 29. The same message was also sent to the Elector the Duke of the upper Saxony, of whom he further requires to be certified, whether by his army which he hath now gotten together, he now means peace or war towards him. Unto other States of the Empire, who have hitherto showed themselves for him, hath he sent other messengers, to desire the continuance of their constancy, and that they would by no means be drawn in to side against him with any other League, but every way to oppose his enemies. And june 27. there passed an Imperial Post through Prage, with Letters towards Count Mansfield and the Duke of Brunswick, to draw them off, with offer of pardon and new promises. But the success of the Letters may well be judged, by the time of their delivery, which fell out to be just at the time when both Mansfield and Brunswick were newly risen with their armies. Of the sending of these Letters they write from Prage june 29. And that it may not seem strange or cheap, that the Emperor would vouchsafe to send another pardon unto the Duke of Brunswick, who had so lately refused the former: this is said to be the reason, namely, that the old Duchess of Brunswick, Duke christian's mother, having persuaded herself that she should in time prevail with her Son to accept it, had already assured the Emperor, that he had accepted of it: whereupon the new pardon was drawn, signed, and sent: which being delivered to the Duke in the Camp, without the knowledge of any such undertaking of his mother in his behalf, he first received and read so far, till perceiving what it was, he with his own hands is said to have canceled, as he had done the former. To make this pardon (it seems) to take the sooner, Monseur Tilly had Commission likewise to demand of Duke Christian the reason of his advancing forwards with such an Army, and required in the name of his Imperial Majesty his direct answer within eight days, whether it were for the Emperor or against him. About which time (but whether upon confidence of the former undertaking of the old Duchess or no, we know not, or upon hope that the Princes of the Lower Creitz of Saxony durst not deny the Emperor any thing) Monseur Tilly was bold, by directions from the Emperor, to require passage of Duke Vlrick (the present governing Duke of Brunswick, Duke Christians elder Brother) for his Army to pass through his Countries, whereof we have here given you the true Copies. To the Lord Frederick Vlrick, Duke of Brunswick, Illustrious high-born Prince and Gracious Lord. I Cannot forbear in most humble manner to certify your Princely Grace, that there is great appearance, how your Highness' Brother the Duke Christian, will easily give me occasion to seek passage with my whole Army, through your Lordship's Dominions. In which case, I must humbly entreat that of your good Grace you would not take it ill, If I seek passage that way. But for the more security of this Army, and that his Imperial Majesty's Forces may not be stopped, hindered or molested in their passage, (but rather supplied with victuals and all other necessaries for an Army, that they may keep civil and military Discipline the better, and have cause to favour your Highness' Subjects the more) I desire your Lordship graciously to appoint such Officers of your own, in all places, as may provide us of such convenient necessaries as we moderately demand, or otherwise (without prescribing me or limiting the manner or proportion) to send one or two Commissaries, which may continually attend our Army for the service above required: I am confident in this particular, that according to your former sincerity ever shown towards his Imperial Majesty, you will be careful to provide herein to satisfy our expectation. But if it shall otherwise fall out, that any annoyance or inconvenience should in our passage light upon any of your Subjects, (which I could most willingly desire might by a good and timely order, by you to be given, be by all means prevented and eschewed) your Excellency shall not have cause to impute these disturbances unto me: for which reason I would not omit to give you timely notice by these my Letters. And thus humbly taking my leave, I commend me with all submission unto your princely Excellency. Your Highness' obedient, john Count of Tilly. These Letters of the General, being received, read, wondered at, and considered upon, an answer as sudden as the cause required, was forthwith returned to the Bavarian Campe. The Duke's Letters bearing this Superscription, which is Monseur Tilly's style: To john Count Thordas of Tilly, Baron of Worbiese, Valester, and Wantigen, General of the Emperor. The Duke's Letters were signed on the top, Frederick Vlrick. Our favour and good will prefixed. (High-born and especially beloved) your Letters dated at Eschwegen the 19 of june, Stylo novo, were yesterday delivered unto us by your Trumpet, by whom you sent them: although the delivery of them was somewhat after an unusual fashion, the messenger approaching our walls with sounding his Trumpet, as if he had been in an enemy's Country. By which Letters of yours, we to our great wonder understood, how that your intent is to conduct your Army through this Circuit of the lower Saxony, and particularly through our Country; you pretending that our beloved Brother Duke Christian of Brunswick may give you occasion to seek this passage: unto which our answer is, that as concerning our Brother we hold not ourselves obliged to maintain any of his actions, further than they are fitly and well done, wherefore we cannot return answer unto your demands for passage, without the advice of the Princes and States of the whole Circuit, of the lower Saxony, nor before their general Dyett or Meeting (which is now at hand) be finally ended. In the mean time nevertheless, we cannot apprehend how our Brother the Duke Christian should give you occasion to desire such a passage; seeing that our Brother hath not hitherto made any hostile attempts, either upon yourself or any man else; but contains only his army within his own quarters, which he keeps about him for his own security; being in the mean time in all humility and subjection, in expectation of further extension and assecuration of the Imperial pardon. But if whilst this treaty be in hand (for which time the Princes and States of the lower Circuit of Saxony, have most humbly entreated his Imperial Majesty to stay and suspend all further execution) you shall of yourself against all promise and faith given (as is apparent upon record) offer to surprise or set upon him and our lands, we will not believe it to be done by the consent of the Emperor our most merciful Lord; who, in consideration of all our sincere intentions, and most faithfully devoted services performed towards him, will not suffer so many faithful promises and high assurances to be called in question or mistrusted. And in such a case we nothing doubt, that we are likely in equity to incur either blame or displeasure, if upon our own urgent necessity, we make it manifest unto the world, how we are driven and constrained to fail off from our due obedience, and most submissive devotion, wherein we should otherwise have persevered to the end; and do withal in our own defence require the assistance of the next Lords and Princes of our blood, and of his Majesty of Denmark especially, and likewise of the whole Circuit of the lower Saxony. But if you would consider that although our dear Brother did stand already declared (as God be thanked he yet does not) an open enemy, but stands rather upon Articles of treaty, and relies upon the further resolution of his Imperial Majesty; you could not then, or at least ought not, according to the order which is given for the stay of the execution, (which order we will by no means suffer to be any ways infringed) to invade this Circuit of Saxony with a foreign army, and make yourself by that means master of our Lands and Subjects, which are altogether innocent. And if any third party (our Brother) hath offended; yet ought not his Lands to be therefore molested. If you desire therefore to have these orders observed by us, it is fit that you observe them first yourself. For which reason we yet once more desire you to spare our Dominions, and forbear to make any march or passage through them, and not to molest us, (who rest ourselves upon so many high promises of the Emperor) upon which many and great damages and inconceniences may happen and ensue; and not to raise any further jealousies or distrusts betwixt his Imperial Majesty, and the obedient Princes & States which are under him: But we admonish you rather to expect his Imperial Majesty's further resolution extension (and enlargement in some points) of his former pardon to our Brother, upon the accommodation, or taking up, (as we hope) of all matters betwixt them. To the intent, that the sinister opinions and diffidences which the Princes and States have before conceived concerning the slow performance of his Imperial Majesties many and high promises, be not more strongly confirmed in them; the several States of the Empire having already heretofore deeply conceited such imaginations, and set down their grievances under their hands in writing. We expect hereupon your further Resolution and Declaration, by which we may know what we are to look for at your hands hereafter: Till when, we rest very well inclined towards you, and wish you all prosperity. Given at our Palace of Wolfenbuttel the 14 of june, 1623. Not long after this resolute answer of the elder Duke of Brunswick, which expressed the mine of the whole lower circuit of Saxony his Confederates, who were all in the same predicament: The Duke Elector of the upper Saxony was said also to send another as peremptory a message unto the General Tilly; admonishing him with all speed to depart out of the land of Hessen with his whole Forces, or else he would use other means to enforce him unto it: seeing that he (the Elector) was tied by the Articles of the League betwixt him and the other Princes & States, not to suffer any man that so behaved himself as an enemy to remain in any of their Lands. This they write from Culle● july 14. And it is also written from Frankford, july 10. That if Monsieur Tilly offers to set foot upon any of the lands of the lower Saxony, that the Princes will send their whole joint forces against him; And the Duke Vlricke of Brunswick himself is said by the Letters from Cullen july 14. to have presently beset the passages of his own land against Tilly, with the forces of his own country. After which Auises, General Tilly did not only forbear to attempt any passage that way; out also (want in his Army withal compelling him unto it) not long after this prepared to withdraw out of the lands of Saxony & Hessen, making up towards Eischvelt, part of which belongs (as we take it) unto the Bishop Elector of Mentz. In which country of Eisehvelt, for that the whole business so much talked of hath been achieved, let it not be unpleasant unto you to take the whole order of the performance, (with the likelihoods, reasons and causes of the doing) along with you. Of which we having now received more full, more particular, and more certain intelligence, will import the whole unto you, and the rather, for that one depends upon another, and the second victory, was upon the pursuit of the first. Monsieur Tilly therefore having every way written very earnestly for all possible help before his rising; both of Prage, from whence the Count de Colatto was to come to him with 3. Regiments; and to Vienna from whence in the beginning of july, there were four fair pieces of Canon sent towards him by water, first towards Heidelbergh, and soon to his Leaguer; And the Crabats being upon his Letter turned back again towards him, and the Baron of Anholt making up towards him, being not at that time able or willing to stay in Hessen land to expect them; he marched directly towards Eischuelt, in which also the Duke of Brunswick was, (this Eichuelt lying just in his way from his own Bishopric of Halberstadt, & the lands of Hessen, Duringen, & those places through which Tilly suspected him likely to march up) Monsieur Tilly's bold advancing so near to Brunswick, and so full in the mouth of the Canon, was; for the preventing of his further proceedings by the stopping up of all passages. Having therefore in Hessenland left Witzenhausen. Allendorp Eif●rege & Wanfreid, under sufficient Garrisons assured at his back, and W●●sl●ch Aln●●●●de and other villages not far from Lassell itself pillaged and burnt, he proceeded on, and with all speed took in the town of Duderstadt to Eisch●●lt, towards which Brunswick himself was also making; which how he afterward recovered, we will presently inform you. Monsieur Tilly upon june 25. came up as far as Garth in the country of Eischuelt; pitching his Tent for that night in the open fields about Retmartshausen: the next Thursday they went beyond Duderstadt towards Lindaw, which lies within a little league (three English miles) of Northeim where Duke Christians Army was then entrenched. And there began Monsieur Tilly, to measure out his ground, to cast out his quarters, to dig himself into the earth, and on all hands fell to forming of a Campe. While this was a doing; Tilly having lest order with the Duke of Saxon, Lawenburgh, and Holsteyn to provide for the victualling of Duderstadt, wherein he had left 500 Musketeers (which town peradventure was to be the two Duke's quarters) they with their horse Regiments (wherein they had 25. Cornets:) rambling up and down to get this victual, by the pillage of the country: and staying something longer than their General's directions had given order to them, and the Duke of Saxon, Lawenburgh having a design in his head, for the taking in of the town of Gottingen, for that it lay full in the way towards Halberstadt; which way Brunswick came; he with his fellows, when they thought themselves most sure, were fall'n into an Ambush by a Woods side near Gottingen; out of which on a sudden 7. cornets of horse of the Count of Shirum start up, whereof 400. were Dragoniers, that is horsemen every one of which (as the manner is, leaving off his Carbine or firelocke) had taken up a musketeer behind him, which 1100. Dragoniers, horsemen, and Musketeers) charging the Duke of Lawenburghs Regiment affront, presently had the kill of 300. of them. Some small resistance but not great, the straightness of the place suffered those of Tilly to make; in which conflict, Saxon Lawenburgh had his horse slain under him. (Which chance made the Mayor of Budensbergh, who at the same time escaped out of Saxon Lawenberghs custody, under which he was prisoner, to report him to be slain when he saw him fall (the Duke hardly recovered another, upon which fresh horse, with three others horse only in his company; some Letters from Frankford dated july 10. say that he made an escape. And at the same time, the Colonel Kniphowsens horse starting up and setting upon their rear, & the 700. Musketeers upon the middle, Saxon Lawenbergh, and Holsteyn were both cut off from rescuing of their own baggage, which was bestowed in the middle; and there (to be short) 700. of Tillyes were slain; amongst which the Duke of Holsteyn himself, is in some Letters said to be one; the Captain Montagne and another Baron were left dead in the place; the rest fled, some into the Wood, where they were left to the mercy of the Boars; there were 1000 horse taken; and all the baggage and the treasure which they of Cullen estimated to amount to 800000. Rixe Dollars. Of some horse which drew the carriages, the drivers cut off the Trayse & womb-ropes by which they drew; so that the horse being thus loose and frighted, ran away, to be taken up otherwhere: Those of Tillyes were at first strong 25. Cornets or troops of horse; there were 7. Ensigns or Cornets taken, and carried to Duke Christian of Brunswick in token of victory; so that the whole Regiments were utterly defeated & all the baggage taken, and as some say three or four Field-pices; So that the Duke of Saxon Lawenbergh shifting away, had not left him so much as a Shirt to shift him. And this last description is related out of Tillyes own Camp which july 8. lay at Griebel from whence this was written. And thus the Regiments being utterly defeated, the Conuoye for the victualling of Duderstadt was cut off; which victuals being by Tilly and Saxon Lawenbergh destinated at first for the relief of this town of Duderstadt, was after this brought into the Town nevertheless. For Brunswick at the same time (holding the Vanguard of the enemies main Camp played in the mean time with some light skirmishes) sent out likewise certain other bands under the leading of the young Count of Thurne as some report; who cutting off those 500 Musketeers which Monsieur Tilly had left there in Garrison; presently made themselves Masters of the place, and left a Garrison there of their own, unto whom the victuals aforesaid in 160. Wagons, was forthwith safely conveyed. And thus 700. of Tillyes being said to be slain in the place, in the fight with Saxon Lawenbergh, and some others who had their throats cut by the Boors in the foot and in their flight; and 500 surprised in this town; will help to make up the full account of 1500. men which betwixt the first encounter, and this last taking in of Duderstadt, diverse Letters report to have been slain of Tillyes by those of Brunswick. This fight with Saxon Lawenbergh, was made upon Wednesday july 5. (which according to our account was june 25. (as they write from Eranckford june 10. Monsieur Tilly having after the former answer of the Duke Vlrick of Brunswick, advanced nevertheless the land of Eischuelt, which touches upon Brunswick land, and is within the circuit of the lower Saxony, and for the most part belongs unto the Princes and States of that Confederacy: Duke Christian (his enemy Tilly having thus begun) set forward to confront him; having stayed before in his own Dominions of Halberstadt, as if he had waited but for Tilly to begin to break out first. And according to his Muster made in Halberstad● june 1. he marched these several troops and Companies. Of Cornets of Horse. The Duke himself being General. Hath Cornets 6 The Count of Stirum 5 D. Frederick of Oldenburg 10 Colnell Witzphel. 4 The Duke of Weymar 5 The young Count of Thurne 10 The Count of Eisenb●rgh 10 The chief Lieutenant Versbeck 4 Captain of the horse Gent. 2 The Totall is 56. Cornets, which amount unto 7000. or 6500. at the least. The whole Army of horse and and foot, are mustered about 3000. fight men. Companies of Foot. Brunswick himself hath 3000 D. of Saxon Weymar 4000 D. Arut, or Barnard of Weimar 3000 Colonel Kniphewsen 3000 Colonel Spee 3000 Colonel Girtsen 2000 Colonel Mey 2000 Colonel Spar 2000 Lieutenant Colonel Platto hath of Dragoniers 600 More of spare men undistributed towards another Regiment. 1000 The total, (counting the Dragoniers double) is 24200 In this gallant Army there are diverse Princes, and brave noble Spirits, as namely five brethren Dukes of Weymar, and three Counts of Oldenburgh: The young Count of Thurne is Lieutenant General: one of the Dukes of Weymar is chief Watch-maister; who in his Regiment of horse hath 420. Servitors on horseback, who have all been Officers at Arms in other wars; and being now Reformadoes, are content to serve thus in private, and to be commanded: But yet for their general honour, they are said to have sworn one to another by the honour of Arms, to second, rescue, relieve back, assist, and fetch off one another, in all encounters, skirmishes, and dangers in battle how hot soever. They call themselves The desperate Cavallierie. There are also as yet diverse Bohemian Lords and Barons in his Army: and we understand that there came of late a certain Hungarian Lord unto the young Count of Thurn, with letters of great importance, although the contents be not as yet divulged. All this is written from the Dukes own Leaguer, at Northeim july 2. In the march this order was observed; having stood a while some four hours in battalia in the fields, to see if any enemy would come against them, in which space many came from several places to view their order, (a fair Army being the fairest of the three fairest things in the world.) The word being given, they began to march. The order was in three devisions. The Duke himself road before all the rest with six Cornets of choice Horse for the Guard of his person: after him followed the Duke of Saxon Weymar, who led the Vanguard, and in it 7000. horse. The General's Lieutenant the Count of Thurne led the battle, or the body of the Army with as many more; and the Colonel Kniphowsen brought up the rear, likewise with the numbers proportionable to the former. Some other unarmed men likewise were left behind, who tarry for the Arms which one of the Dukes of Weymar brings out of Holland with him, and then they are to follow the Army. Brunswick advancing forwards in this equipage, did at his first coming, take in the town of Eischuelt itself, in and about which, he quartered his whole forces: there is Colonel Kniphowsen said, to have killed 300. of tilly's Soldiers: his head quarter he laid at Northeim, which was so near unto Monsieur tilly's quarters at Lindaw, that their Vantguards had every day some exercise of their Arms, and more than light skirmishes. The Canons out of tilly's quatters played upon brunswick's men very hotly; which were answered by Duke Christians men again, with six demy-Canons; although those of Tilly could do no great matter upon brunswick's men, by reason of the commodity of the place, upon which they had chosen to make their approaches: The Duke of Saxon Weymar, and the Colonel Kniphowsen, placed themselves behind their own Ordnance, with full resolutions to set a fresh upon the enemies, if they durst adventure forth of their trenches. But whither that the wary General Tilly, had given order to his Companies rather to receive their enemies upon their own advantages at push of Pike on the top of their trenches, if they should prove so hot & brave as to offer to force them; or that he were unwilling to venture his men upon a sally out of their own strengths: this the letters affirm for certain, that none of Tilly's did at time issue forth; so that some bullets being spent on both sides, the night took of the bravadoe of those of Brunswick, every man retiring to his quarter. That night or else within a night or two following; the General Tilly remembering that nothing becoming their liberties, he had provoked the forces of the lower Saxony, which for aught he knew, might be following after Brunswick, and make him at the first thus brave to dare him in his very trenches, And considering the late loss of two brave Regiments of horse, and that the enemy was blooded by the cutting off the Convoy of victuals before Duderstadt, and the slaughter of his men there, and at Eischaelt; In all which encounters he had lost at least 1500 or 1600 men; and considering withal, that he was by this already weakened, and did daily expect fresh supplies, (some of which he then heard to be hard by) Thought it his best to retreat back again towards his former quarters and Garrisons in Hessenland, upon the river of Werra. In which resolution, leaving great store of lights and fires in his Camp (as if he had still been there) he did under the opportunity of the darkness of the night, with as much silence, as possible could be, without sound of drum or trumpet, closely steal away; and what between retreating and fleeing he retired three great Germane leagues (12 miles English at least) that very night. The Perdues, as th●y call them (sentines that lie so close to the enemies, that the sentinels of each side, may oftentimes whisper one to another) hearing some bustling; and anon perceiving the truth of the business; presently advertise their General the Duke of Brunswick. Whereupon the Alarm being given: Tilly is the next morning by break of day (the darkness being unfit, for fear of Ambushes and entrapments, for such a purpose) with might and main pursued. tilly's flight or retreat continued three days, Tilley being ofttimes forced to make a stand by the way, and to make head against the fierce impression of the Brunswickers. And thus sometime fight, but most times fleeing: the Vanguard of those of Brunswick, still beat upon his Rear, and were still cutting off the tail of his Army. The thirst was all this while said to be very sore in his Army; for the want of water, was said to be one of the main reasons of his so sudden retreating; (there being no river near to his former camp, nor other water but such as was brought on horseback in buckets, water-budgets, Borachoes and the like, which made it to be sold extreme dear) And all this while showers of lead rattling amongst them. Monsir Tilley was said to be fain with much disorder and danger, to have passed some of his forces over the river of Werra again. In this flight, three Regiments amongst the rest, are particularised to have been worst of all beaten and disordered; many of whose Companies, thinking it safer to run away then to be killed with their fellows, were scattered all over the Country: most of which, as they were taken pilladging for their victuals, were knocked on the head by the Boars of the Country. With the rest, the fight and flight continued three days, that is the 1, 2, and third of our july: so that at last Brunswick is said to have beaten them so much, that there were 7000 slain in the place, and of prisoners so many hundreds taken. The booty was said to be great, some letters, that name least, mentioning 200 Wagons to have been there taken: others name no fewer than 600: there were four pieces of Cannon taken, as some letters say, or as others, fix: and of treasure five or six ton of gold, and some reports have been so particular herein, as to judge some of the jewels, which were taken from some of tilly's Commanders, to have been some of those, which themselves before had made pillage of at the taking of Prague: whereupon some letters boldly infer thus much: That now is quittance cried with the Duke of Bavaria, for the taking of Prague. Finally, the spoil was said to be such, as that many of brunswick's Cavaliers, were said to have gotten above one thousand ducats a piece, for their single and several shares. Some letters we have seen to conclude with this peremptory and tart breaking off: that Monsir Tilly is by this hot and close pursuit of the Duke of Brunswick, so beaten, routed, and disordered, that they believe he will not be able to make head again to much purpose this Summer. And some have yet followed him further than so: Affirming that Tilly himself hardly escaped (alone almost) into a little Town of the landgrave of Darmstadts, but which (that we can remember) they name not, but if it were any at all, Giesen is as likely as any; as being both near enough unto the river of Werra, where the last of the fight is said to be, and this Town being also newly fortified of late by the Duke. Nay some reports, will not let Tilly rest here neither, but give out, that Brunswick sent after him thither also, requiring him as his lawful prisoner, to be quietly delivered unto him by the landgrave of Darmstadt; and in case of denial he threatened to lay an imposition of seven or eight thousand Rixe Dollars, as a punishment upon the landgrave and his Dominions. And thus much the several reports of this business being laid together, will make up, unto which, we promise the world, that we have added no one particular in the writing, but can readily show the effect of every point, out of the several letters of several dates, from Frankford, Cullen, Aquisgrave or Aken, Antwerp, Dort, and other places: And we further affirm, that all but the last encounter of the last three days, is already printed News in high Dutch. The News you hear hath gone currant over the Town for many days, without any apparent or particular contradiction, more than men's mistrust of the vnlikelyhood of it. And whereas it may be thought, that all this rumour came up at first, only upon one letter written from Cullen, upon some misprision of the writer; you may easily answer this by the particulars forementioned, which being divers, both in the manner and numbers; (some reporting 200 Wagons taken, and some of 600: others of four pieces of Cannon, others of six, others of seven, so that it is very unlikely that all this variety should arise out of one letter▪ And whereas the letters from Frankford which bear date the 12. of our july, which was eight whole days after the 3. of july, which is reported to be the last day of the fight; do yet mention no such thing: we may readily answer to that, that though these letters intimate no mention of these particulars, yet do they not infer any contradiction to them: for it is very easy for such a business to be eight days in coming out of Hessenland unto Frankford. And again, the writer of that intelligence professes thus much, that he had heard of tilly's flight or retreat for three Dutch miles: and affirms, that he was that day to receive letters out of Hessen, Duringen, and those parts from whence the noise of this battle should come. Howsoever; although this victory be not impossible, yet for that diverse have suspended their beliefs of it for a while; we will not therefore use arguments to show the probability of that, which a few days may prove false; Thus much in the mean time, we have great reason to believe ourselves, that much blood hath been shed, and that Tilly hath had the worst of it (though the reports of the particulars differ) and that Brunswick hath hitherto kept the field. The particulars we must leave to time, and our next intelligence. But however, this small victory which we next report, is yet beyond all contradiction, being written from Culle●, july 11; which was how that, The Baron of Anholt offering to join with Monsir Tilley: that some of the Duke of brunswick's horse had surprised and defeated a troop of horse of the Barons, and taken their Captain prisoner. As for further News of the Baron of Anholt, It is constantly affirmed. That for all that the Imperialists give the Landgrave of Hess●n very good words; calling him a good man, and a faithful subject to the Emperor: for that he made no more resistance unto Monsir Tilly: yet questionless good words will not give him satisfaction for the spoiling of his Country, nor does he purpose to do the Emperor such a pleasure, as to suffer the Baron of Anholt to come through his Country to join with Monsir Tilly; but having before stopped up all the passages, he is said to be resolved to fight with him, rather than to suffer him to pass untalkt withal. The Baron of Anholt being in this state, did about the middle of our june endeavour to certify Monsir Tilly of all: For which reason he dispatched six messengers with letters unto him; whereof five were taken and slain about Spangenberg; but a sixth did about the 14. of june get up to tilly's Camp with his letters, letting him to understand his Lords desire to join with him, if that Tilly could find the means to procure or open him the passages, and this they write from Monsieur Tillyes own camp, which at that time lay about Giebel. As for other aid which was upon coming to Tilly, the letters from Isenach julie 8. relate how that the 15 of june being Sunday, there past about noon five troops of horse, of the Regiment of Colonel Auentans, being for the most part Crabats, which Tilly had sent for back again. They brought along with them fifty wagons loaden with baggage, many hangs-by following the soldiers. They marched a quarter of a league beyond out town of Isenach, quartering that night about Mila, Bishoffsrod● and Bercka from whence they are directly to repair unto Monsieur tilly's Army. They demeaned themselves very mannerly where they came, paying for what they took, and demanding victuals and wine not beyond moderation, being otherwise content with what they found. And they report, that there are yet four thousand horse to follow them, amongst which they affirm that there be 1000 Cutiassers (which be horsemen heavy armed, and at all points cap a pie.) But whence they should come, they told not, nor do we believe any such matter as four thousand horse to be coming to Tilly. To return again unto our Duke of Brunswick and to give you a taste of the martial discipline, that he keeps. Some of his army having pillaged and set fire to the Dorp called Hattorst, which is near to the Haertzberg (a hilly forest so called in the land of Eischvelt) he took ten or twelve of the principal offenders, and hanged them up presently. And whereas some of his soldiers had done some wrongs unto certain of the Duke of Lunenburghs subjects who had occasion to travel that way; he righted them again, proclaiming a general and safe conduct throughout all places where he should at any time quarter: unto the subjects of his cousin of Lunenburgh. Unto him after his taking of Duderstadt, did the landgrave Maurice of Hessen address these 3. following names in Ambassage, as Siegen for one, the second was called Harst●ll, and the third was named Goets a lawyer. These had private audience but kept their message secret. Thus having done with these parts, let us turn aside towards the Pallatinate. Concerning which it is written from Frankford july 22. that the city of Heidelbergh, shall in part be freed of her troublesome garrison, in compensation whereof, the country that is to receive the benefit of it, is to have a new taxation laid upon them. And yet nevertheless, that the soldiers are fewer, and the contributions greater, yet are the soldiers no better paid any where, for which reason they fall again to commit many outrages. As Concerning the Diet of Composition about the Palatinate, there is not now so much talk, as there hath been of late. But about the intent for the total and final Restitution, nothing at all, Only there is some speech, that the treaty for the restitution of the jointure of the old Princess Electresse (widow to the former Elector, mother to the king of Bohemia, and sister to the Prince of Orange) shall first be deliberated upon: as also the duchies of Simmern and Lautern, with the Lands going with them, and belonging unto the Prince Lodowick Philip, younger brother to the king of Bohemia (who lives at this present at Castrine with his Uncle the marquis Elector of Brandenburg) are withal to be taken at consideration, seeing that the young Prince hath before put in his Plea unto them, at the Imperial assembly, at the late Diet of Regenspurg. And with the consultation about the restitution of these two Prince's Portions, (the Grandmother and the Nephew) are the Imperial Commissioners said to be the first to begin withal. This is written from Frankford july 22. The Duke of Saxony being installed in the Administration of Lusatia for these ten or twelve years to come; is now said to be busy about mustering his own forces about Lipsich although his intentions in it, be scarcely known to the Emperor himself, who hath lately sent to him, to know what he purposes to do with them. As for the King of Denmark; it is written that for his own person he was lately at the Diet of Saxony, which was then held at Luneburgh, by Brunswickland; which Diet is now ended, and the Conclusions not yet divulged. As for his Army, it is still said to be about Hamborough: little of the designs of it, being as yet known. Concerning Don Gonsales de Cordova, this they write from Cullen 11. How that his Forces lay then still about Mulheim where they did before, And they then heard at Cullen, that he was not resolved to remove, before those 3000. which he hath so long expected, be come in unto him; after which, 'tis either thought that he shall wait upon Mansfeild, or go presently to the siege of Lipstat. Don Cordova, hath lately sent his Lieutenant Boyset unto brussels, to solicit for that pay, which the Archduchesse is behind hand with his Companies. Which Boyset returning back again, was said to bring such news, as that it was thereupon rumoured, that Don Cordova was to put himself upon his march within a week or two: this they write from Frankford july 10. Concerning the Count of Mansfeild, this they write; how that he hath had diverse fair pieces of Ordnance lately sent unto him; with diverse Ensigns, and good store of all manner of other Ammunition. It is also here reported that Mounsiver le Nove, hath received new Commission in France, for the levying of 2000 more, which are to be forthwith conducted unto the Count of Mansfeld. His design is as yet kept as sercet as ever, nor can we hear that he is as yet removed from about Meppen, where he last lay, or of any intent that he hath, or hath not for the besieging of the Town of Lingen. He is agreed finally with the Count of Embden, and the Articles of Agreement we should here have given you, which by casualty are to be kept for the next. Prince Henry of Nassaw having victualled Me●rs, is again returned to the Hage, where there is not much news of any sudden going into the field, it being the custom of the States, to expect while Spinola begins. The Venetian Ambassador is very stately received at the Hage, and hath had his audience, nor is more of his Errand known vulgarly as yet, then that he is shortly to go towards the Camp of the Count of Mansfield. As for Spinola, we cannot hear any thing of the certainty of the time of his going into the held, by the preparations that he makes. Only some Spanish troops of horse, lie about Mastricht: And that Spinola hath caused 60000. loaves of bread to be baked at Antwerp, of late. There is certain news come to Amsterdam, and to other places, that the Fleet of the States, whereof Mounsieur L' Hermit went Admiral, which was called the Fleet of the unknown Voyage, hath now taken the Island of Terceraes from the Spaniards. From Prague: july 1. A few days since, is the Imperial Chapel standing on the lesser side of this City reform: It was before called by the name of john Hu● but now the seats, benches, etc. are all to be altered, and the very stones taken off the graves, and the Chapel is to be new Consecrated, and called Saint Leopoldus, by the name of the Emperor's Brother, the Archduke Leopoldus. From Basile in Switzerland, july 6. The Archduke Leopoldus brother to the Emperor, is said to be busy in conveying his treasure, jewels, and most precious utensils, out of Alsatia, where he used before to be resident: into the Country of Tyrolis, as if he were afraid of some enemy. The Duke of Fiano is come out of the Valtoline, towards Milan, whence he presently went with the French Ambassador in his company towards Rome. The Pope's soldiers expel all the Grisons out of the valley of Paraglias, unless they will embrace the Romish religion. Since our last we have received this confirmation of brunswick's second victory, from Hanaw. From Eicshvelt, june 25. About Eischvelt, 150. of Tilly's folk were slain and diverse of his Captains taken prisoners. The Duke of Holstien is slain. The Duke of Saxon Lawenburgh hath lost 106. wagons and all his baggage, (most of which, were those very same that were taken at Prague) 1000 horse, and many thousands of Rixe Dollars, besides those wagons and horses which they of Brunswick gave away to the Boers and country people. It seems they of Tillie would have stopped brunswick's passage at this place, which was timely enough revealed unto Brunswick. Upon notice of which, Colonel Kniphousen drawing out certain choice men out of several Ensigns, which-dividing into three troops, they dressed an Ambush, and lay all night in their arms and order. Those of Tillie coming on, fell within their danger and were instantly put to the sword. After this slaughter, there came 15. Companies of Tallies Soldiers who presently hearing of this first victory, fell of to brunswick's party. The body of Tilly's Army following after with a purpose to retreat and hearing of 1500. of theirs already slain, and of as many more revolted in that maze, fell a flying, and those of Brunswick's pursuing, had the kill of them, so that God be thanked ours have gotten the victory. Captain Smit with sundry officers, amongst which they say that Tillie himself was, fled away. Captain Petit one of Monsieur Tilly's side, is escaped to Tibach. For the certainty of this: The Count of Crubach (who is one of Count Mansfeildes Army) coming hither yesterday, was with much ceremony fetched into the Castle: reports this for most certain. Kniphousen hath done bravely, And he was the chief in their overthrow. From Hanaw july 5▪ Stilo veteri. By this plain description you see, the routing of Tillie himself in his retreat, after the overthrow of the first two Regiments. News of this second battle also was brought unto Hanaw by the Count of Erpach, who reported this for certain unto the Countess of Hanaw; And that there were exceeding few of brunswick's side slain. Some say that Tillie is fled to Oppenheim. FINIS.