NEWS From Turkey and Poland.  
OR A TRUE AND COMpendious declaration of the proceed between the great Turk, and his Majesty of POLAND, from the beginning of the Wars, until the latter end.  
With a Relation of their daily Military actions; showing plainly how the War continued and ended, peace was concluded, the troubles appeased, the Articles of agreement confirmed, and a ful● league of amity ratified.  
Translated out of a Latin Copy, written by a Gentleman of quality, who was an Actor in all the business: And now with his consent published.  
Printed at the Hage. 1622.   

— Pax optima rerum  
Quas homini novisse datum est, pax una triumphis Innumeris potior, pax custodire salutem Et ciues aequare potens.  Silius Italic. lib. 1. bel. punicum.  

A TRUE RELATION OF THE DAILY CONFLICTS, and proceed between the great Turk's Army, and his Majesty of POLAND, to the end of the Wars.  
THere shall need no preamble, nor insinuation to this discourse, more than that you have had already a published Pamphlet of the news of Poland, showing plainly the occasion of the Turks formidable preparation against that Country, with his descending in person into Walachia, and coming to many skirmishes and battles, affording as many rumours of the several events and successes in the same; insomuch that many reported Poland was overrun, and Sigismond slain: Yet there is but one truth which that book in general sets out: yet so fare short of satisfaction, that it comes not near any particular indeed, whereby men went away, as if they had only looked on the outward painting and bravery of a house, without once being admitted to overlook, how necessary and convenient it was in the inward rooms. Therefore I will promise you amends, though in a plain fashion, and this relation shall supply the defects of the other. For I will presently come to the purpose, and begin with the beginning of September: after the Polacks had entrenched themselves, and the Turks and Tartars came as near them as might be.  
Know then, that the second of September stilo nou●, the Turks and Tartars encamped themselves by us within a mile, or half a mile, and the same day began hotly upon us, braving our trenches, which we would not endure, but came to blows, and made a skirmish, in which eight hundred Turks perished, as by many Captives and Prisoners, which we took in the flight, was afterward confessed, besides such as were slain near hand in the charges, and fare off with the Bullets, both of our field Pieces and Muskatieres': on our side perished Tarovits and Bochdan, two Commanders of Light-horse, and the Lord Lavizza of the Cohort of the Campmaster, was shot in the foot with a great Bullet, two Masters of the best men of Arms slain, and above 30. other of several Companies hurt.  
The third of September, they proceeded in the same manner, and we with some light excursions set upon them, till at last they burst out in three several parts against our trenches, especially where our Cossacks were quartered, and so came to the very out-skirts of our Polish Army, who had command to keep themselves within their Tents and Trenches, and annoy the Turks with their great Artillery, and so we prospered for that time, driving them into their Camp, wherein by Sunne-setting they quickly retired: the same evening our noble Prince passed over the River, and came into our Camp with all manner of comfort and courage, but the Army he brought with him, with provision of warlike Ordnance, and other Munition necessary for us, could not come at us, by reason the Bridge broke by the force of the water, which not three days before they had builded up and erected.  
The fourth of September, by the Sun rising, the Emperor of Turks, would needs in person be a beholder of the skirmish, and so in a manner approached the Camp of the Cossacks, bringing many field Pieces, and mounting such, which they call janscharki, and so a great battle began, which lasted full five hours: For the Cossacks much endamnified by the Artillery, made so brave a sally upon the Turks, that they drove them back by main force, and put a number of them to the sword, insomuch that they altered their determination, and brought their janskarks before the quarter, where the Campmaster was lodged, but here it was too hot for them: and it did not succeed, as they expected, so they charged the Cossacks once again, riding by our trenches in a braving manner, and coming upon them with an insulting violence, which yet prospered not, as they expected: whereupon not an hour before Sun setting, they charged them more violently, but God was our defence at this time: For the Cossacks made so brave a sally, that they put the Turks to flight even to their Tents, with such a slaughter, and such a success, that they surprised their Artillery, took many Tents, and carried with them much furniture, and so returned before dark night with the booty, to their own Camp and lodging.  
The fift of December, we were quiet on both sides: For the Turks removed their quarter a little more backward, yet with full resolution to set upon us again, as by many prisoners we took was confessed: whereupon we fell to our accustomed prayers to God, and about noon there fell a rain, and so there was nothing attempted that day, but that we prepared ourselves for the expugnation.  
The sixth of September, there fled unto us a Cossack, one of the inhabitants by the river of Danubius, who had been seven year in servitude with the Turks, and affirmed, that there were slain 2000 janissaries in the last skirmishes, and expupuation of our Camp; that the great Turk himself would lead the whole Army in person, except such as he must needs leave for the defence of his Camp, and the security of his cattles: that already there began to be a great dearth amongst them. For four pound of bread was worth 24. Asper's of silver, and a quantity of Barley or other Corn, equalling the half bushel of the measure of Camenensis, was valued at seven Florins, and 15. Asper's, and that many discontents appeared amongst them already. The same day there came also unto us a Dutch man, who had fall'n into the hands of the Turks, as a prisoner with a Captain of the Cossacks, and he assured us that on Friday Asis Bassaw, a man of great reputation among the Turks, was struck in the forehead with a Bullet, and so slain; and that so many Turks were overthrown in the last several on-sets upon the Cossack's, that they began to fly every where from their quarter and cabins: he also related the cause, why the Turks were so quiet, which was by reason of a largesse, or donation of money the Turk bestowed upon such, who had behaved themselves well in the last enterprise, preparing for new assaults: and this was the truth of the matter.  
The seaventh of September the Turks came upon us again in the after noon, and very outrageously in great companies assaulted our Bulwarks, which were yet unperfected, and lay somewhat naked to opposition, ascending the same, and taking as it were possession: but with equal loss, as it appeared for the time, until the noble Lord Steward of the Kingdom, who came there by chance with his troop of Horse, set upon them most valiantly, and by the assistance of the Lord Castellano Plocen, and P. Radomina, put them off the walls to a fore-flight, as fare as the wood scited even before the Turks Camp, whether they followed them in the slaughter: as for such Turks as at first dared to approach our Trenches, and scale our Mounts, they all perished upon them, we not losing above twelve men of Arms in that service, with some few other hurt, except Castellanus Plocen, who with many wounds returned, and died the next day: But the assault against the Cossacks endured from noon to night; ours only lasted from the afternoon to Sun setting, yet both continued with so fearful effects, that the multitude of the slaughtered was apparent, and the Enemy's carcases lay in heaps in the fields: Yea, it was remarkable, how all that night the Turks made a search with lighted firebrands, and other Lamps, for some person of account amongst the dead bodies, which as some of their own fugitives affirmed, was one of the Viceer Bassas, who was missing, and could not be found.  
The eighth of September, there escaped out of the Turks hands a Cossack, who had long lain in fetters, he came to us by night, and told us plainly, that the Turks had loaden many Camels with the encumbrances of the Army, and furnished the carriage Horses, as if they meant to make some retreat: notwithstanding, the same day very inconsiderately they came upon the Cossacks again, who by the help of the Germans now amongst them; both defended themselves, and offended their Enemies: for here were brave Commanders, partly under the Regiment and conduct of Captain Drhusoff, partly under Captain Lermund, and of the other side in the right wing, there were the Cohorts of his Excellency, the Lord Palatine. The same day Schandactus cut off by the sword, according to the manner and custom of a Military Court, who adjudged him to die, a principal Captain of the Cossacks, called Brondanka, who the year before had abused his prerogative, and most perversely by factious devices, and apparent thefts, had transcended the government of a Commander in chief, and fall'n to thefts and robberies more than necessity, or the present wants enforced.  
The same day a certain Squire escaped out of the hands of the Turks, who was unfortunately taken prisoner at a battle in Cicora, and came unto us, affirming confidently, that since the Turks coming into the field, there are diminished at least twelve thousand of their number, some slain outright, some dying of their wounds, some surprised in the Camp, and some flying away.  
The ninth of September, the great Turk after noon drew out all his Army in battle array: which Lord Magnus our General perceiving, detracted no time, but prepared for the fight: so that both Armies even to Sun setting, stood looking upon one another, without any man's giving the sign of the battle, not daring to approach too near the fortifications, and Bulwarks of our Trenches; but stood as remote as they could, and farthest from danger. In the mean while, the janissaries fell foul upon the quarter of the Cossacks again, and continued little less than four hours in a dangerous skirmish: For the Germans playing their part on the other side, as assisting the Cossacks in their Warlike excursions, quickly, when they pressed them with fury and impetuosity, compelled them back to their Camp, and we returned to our Trenches: But the same night another prisoner escaped, and came unto us, affirming that of the Spahies, who were the forwardest in this expugnation, as so commanded by the Captain of the janissaries, lost two hundred of their Company, and of the janissaries were slain, with such as perished in the flight 1500.  
The tenth of September, the Turks were somewhat quiet, as peradventure wearied with the former day's mischief, and we fare apparent the various chances of War, and the wonderful effects of a Battle.  
The eleventh of September, the Turks made a new appearance out of their Tents, with a goodly Army: and we were not behind to Marshal our Companies to as brave a show: but nothing was done that day, and so we returned on all sides to lodging: yet while we remained in this expectation, the Turks had transported their Ordnance to the other side of the River, from whence he played continually into the quarters of the Cossacks all that day: but when he saw, they did them no more harm, he quickly drew them back again; and placed them more securely: The same day, some thousands of Tartars shown themselves on that side of the River also; who with their accustomed clamours and outcry, attempted the breaking of our Bridge: but only two hundred foot, whereof one was killed, and two hurt with Bullet, pressed upon them with such volleys of shot, that they were quickly put to flight. God grant we may be thankful for these things. For without controversy, God's only hand hath protected us, that both on the one side the Turk is more remiss than his former threatenings, and this present appearance promised; and we on the other side we have had greater courages, and better success than we could any manner of way expect.  
The twelfth of September, a little after midnight, we determined to set upon the Camp of our Adversaries, leaving our noble Prince sufficiently guarded within the Trenches, as not well at ease, and so the Army divided itself into parts, having instructions to come upon them unawares: the one to compass the Woods, and set upon them in the rear, and at their backs: the other to outface them in the front and sides, that something might be done every way. But it pleased God to send so great a shower of rain, that we were diverted from our purposes at this time: but I make no question of a better opportunity, and that our Adversary's little knew of this project, and so we may once again see the stratagem on foot, till when we retired to our Trenches securely.  
The 15. of September, the Turks and Tartars, with a great resolution and impetuous assault, pressed both upon us, and the Cossacks in three several parts, neither fearing our Artillery, nor making account of our Trenches: the great Turk himself being a spectator on an eminent Hill, whose youth apprehended the mischief but as a sport. For without any manner of remorse for the perishing of so many thousands, they came forward like furious beasts without Discipline or order, and so perished like Beasts, when the Artillery played upon them, and we rushed out as violently well armed and appointed in the smoke against them, this Battle lasted from Noon to Night, and the God of Battles for his mercy sake, did frustrate and annihilate both the purpose and the rage and fury of our Enemies, nor ended it so, but for his Glories sake we prevailed with a great slaughter, and little loss on our side: So that it should seem all their threatening and fury was in vain, concerning the attempting of our Trenches, and the Angels of the Lord spread his wings over our Tents: On the other side our Soldiers were so courageous, and animated, as infused with new Spirits from the same God, that they not only rushed out of the ports and passages of their Quarters upon their Enemies, but hurried over the Trenches and Ditches to forward the enterprise, and so came to handiblowes, and with extraordinary valour and slaughter sent them home again.  
In this Skirmish we did not altogether go , but saw the perishing of thousands of Turks and Tartars, whose Carcases bespread the ground as it were: and among whom there perished the great Bashaw surnamed Koraken, who newly came to the Emperor and was most dear unto him, and well accepted of him: the same Fate and trial had Nassan Bassaw with many Chawses and Spahies, and a number unnumbered of common Soldiers.  
After this slaughter the Turks attempted no more the expugnation of our Camp, except that once they did invade the quarter of the Cossacks, but with the like success, yet many times they brought out their Armies to open view, and as many times God of his mercy made way to our prevailings, and we returned Victors: The same day the Bridge was finished, which they had a while ago begun over the River, that divided their Camps: but to what purpose is not known, except to accommodate their passages the better: now also returned the Lord Siclentius, who had been sent into the Palatinate of Moldavia with answer to a Letter, which they sent before, but what other news he brought, is not apparent: It was also discovered, that a rumour was spread into the Turks camp, that the Sacred Majesty of Sigismond the King our Master, was come into the Field with a Royal supply, and general expedition, which a little affrighted the Tartars, who were now to fight against fortifications and Armed men, contrary to their barbarous custom of devouring one another naked.  
The 17. of September, our great Lord General held a martial Counsel with the Lord Senators, Dukes, Governors, and Captains, to which were also called the Lord Sahaidace, General of the Cossackes with all his Colonels, and Officers, who with one voice, and unanimity of Spirit concluded and agreed, rather to die manfully in the field, then to go back one foot of ground, to give the Enemy cause of presumption: and this was done with such general alacrity, that although both the Armies, I mean, the Polonians and Cossacks, were in great distress and wants; yet they concluded, that by God's grace, they would not be terrified with any Enemy.  
The 18. of September, certain troops of horse, and Companies of foot, made a sally out of the Cossack's quarter in the night upon the Turks Army, which was done so secretly and suddenly, that they overturned many Tents, ransacked diverse Cabins, and killed some hundreds of men with javelins, Pole-axes, and Lances, without the report of a Piece, or carrying any Artillery with them: yea, herein they were so fortunate, that they returned with great spoil, without the loss of a man. The next night they performed as much, and with the like stratagem set upon the Bridge they had newly builded & erected, and slew Corkan Bassaw, to whose custody and charge it was committed. They also killed many Turks, took nine prisoners, and returned with great spoils and a rich prey, wherein were diverse garments furred with costly Furs, which I think, the Turks use among the Tartars, who upon many excursions, made into Russia by thousand● in these days, returned with a wonderful spoil, selling them at a price to the Turks: and this was done even as they came along to take up their lodgings in these Provinces.  
At this time his Excellency, the Lord General, was subject to a great sickness, which so impaired his health, that he feared his life: whereupon he summoned all Officers, and referred his government to the Lord Camp, Master General, with all Military privileges, and imperial functions, investing upon him as fare as he could his dignity and authority; yet were the whole Army desirous to see the heroic Prince himself mounted on horseback, as their Commander General, though as yet very young, so that by this joy and good minds of the Army, he was much comforted, and incited to thank them all, and be the more gracious unto them, when time should serve.  
The 24. of September, having laid quiet a great while, an accident at home disquieted us all: For our great Lord General, labouring long in his sickness, and being wearied and spent again with intolerable convulsions, and distemperature of the air, yielded to the command of a higher General, and so died in the Camp.  
The 25. of September, the Emperor of Turks made a great preparation to set upon us on all sides, drawing out from their several Quarters, both Horse, Foot, and Artillery, to oppress and expugn us with an unresistable power; and so they approached our Trenches with accustomed clamours and out-cries: but the same God, that kept us from the beginning, continued still our Protector, and all their attempts were annihilated, turning rather to the destruction of many of their own Soldiers, then to our detriment.  
The 26. of September, Baptista was dispatched, who was sent unto us from the Palatine of Moldavia, with Letters and other intelligence: he came but the Tuesday before with the Lord of Zielenskij, who assured us, that the Turks had a great desire to treat of a peace; and therefore Baptista had in charge to deal with the Viceer, for safe conduct of such Commissioners, as might be sent to tractate about the peace and quietness of both Armies.  
Within three days our Soldiers set upon some part of the Tartars Quarter, as being much displeased, that the passages were stopped up by them: whereby the Soldiers that went a foraging, and to gather fodder and litter for their Horses, were much diappointed: so that in revenge they put many to the sword, and set their Quarter on fire.  
The 27. of September, the Turks having strongly mounted diverse great Pieces, and placed their Gabbions about them, as is the custom, played fearfully into the Cossack's Quarter, and spent all the forenoon in the sending hundreds of Bullets among them: but when they perceived that it smally availed, they desisted, and made a new attempt in their own persons nearer unto them: which when the Cossacks perceived, either loath to be outbraved at their own walls, as I may say, or encouraged by the thriving of many outroads and excursions they had formerly made: or emboldened by their own sufficiency, or presuming on the weakness, and nakedness of their Adversaries, I might add their barbarous hastiness, and bestial howl and out-cries; they sallied out bravely, with the most part of their Army, and compulsed them back, driving them into their Quarters with a great slaughter, and a great speediness: and the same day, to the comfort of us all, our noble Prince, whose long untimely sickness, as it were, sadded our hearts, recovered some strength, riding round about the Army, being entertained with great shouts and acclamations of the Soldiers, and showing in himself apparent signs of recovery, as having laid under the shake of a fearful Ague, almost ever since we encamped ourselves, to whom the King did daily send Physicians, and Messengers, and would willingly have come himself in person; but that all his Peers and Counsellors would not hazard all at once, considering what a formidable Enemy had threatened him, and fearful preparation in a manner circumcepted him: therefore they projected to keep him as a second, and that securely, that if the Turks should prevail (which God forbidden) against these Forces well ordered and marshaled within these Trenches: there might yet a new Muster be made, and Army trained, whom the presence of a King, and worthiness of so great a Commander might bring together, and set upon the Triumpher with fresh supplies.  
But oh thou God What an alteration was here? He that threatened these Polonians with insulting ostentation, by Ambassies, Letters, and an innumerable company of Mahumetans and Tartarians: he that had denounced defiance against all Christendom: he that had spoken presumptuous words against any force, should come by way of opposition: he that adventured his person as fare as his greatness might descend, to be a Spectator of this woeful Tragedy, wherein the ministers of War and destruction must play their parts, and he which had brought one hundred cast Pieces into the field, to batter all fortifications into rubbish: had now an answer returned of strange contradiction, had now his threats retorted with as available menaces, had now his rages sent back again with unexpected fury, had now his presumption rebated with as noble a defiance, had now his way blocked up and intercepted, that he could not so quickly come over Pallisadoes, and Trenches, had now Cannon to Cannon, battery to battery, and though not so many, as himself brought, yet so well appointed, and so efficatious in the designs, that he was not so forward in his glory as he determined, nor so furious in any execution, as he promised: Nay, if it had been as well known to us as himself, he repent that ever he came into the fields of Walachia, and as you shall hear hereafter, both retracted his first arrogancy, and whispered a peace, though he durst not speak it aloud, for fear of the janissaries.  
But oh you sons of men! what say you to rumour, and the credulity of uncertain reports? what say you to passion, and the disordered burstings out of your own wishes? What say you to affrightings, that because you hear of the greater numbers, will therefore presently show the greater partiality? How often within this twelve month hath Bogdonia been ransacked, Podolia distressed, Polonia overrun, Sigismond slain, and the Army discomfited, and yet (thanks be to God) the trenches were never cast down, the Soldiers disarmed, the troops slaughtered, the King in danger: (For he was scarce in the field at all) or any fearful loss endured, more than they that must be lost in so many conflicts, and such impetuous assaults: and thus much by way of transition. Now to our business again.  
The same night, that the Prince had showed himself, the day before the Cossacks being set upon, as you have heard, suddenly assaulted the Quarter of their enemies, especially the Tartars, who lay without any manner of discipline, or strong fortifications: yea, this they did twice in one night, and that with such success, that besides the slaughter, and havoc they made, they returned with great spoils, and booty, yea greater than the Enemy could spare, or were willing to lose; this they did often, and although sometimes their actions were obumbrated with some discomfiture: yet did they never make any sally, without the greater slaughter of their Enemies. Now is Baptista come back again from the Enemy's Camp, bringing Letters from Vesin Bassha, of safe conduct and admission, as he himself had had experience by himself for such Commissioners, as the King of Poland would put in trust for the dispatch of so high affairs: yea, he said plainly, as fare as he could conjecture, that never was any thing so pleasing to the Turk and his Soldiers, as the name of peace, considering the times, and the manner of the War; especially that his reputation was saved by the first seeking it by the Polonians: wherein he used this policy, to make the janissaries believe, he was of himself unwilling to darken the glory of the Ottoman family, by demanding peace himself at any inferior Nation in the world.  
Notwithstanding all this motive of quietness, which Baptista's Letters demonstrated, might come to equal conclusion by orderly Commissioners. The Grand Signieur projected with all the force, bravery, and policy he could, to set upon the Cossacks again, who were his Ancestors Enemies, and more obnoxious unto him, than any neighbours whatsoever: and because he would make, as it were sure work of the matter, he acquainted Tartar Chrim, who they say accompanied him to the War with the same, and he either of necessity obeying, or out of custom consenting, or for his own revenges willing, quickly accord, and by break of day brought all his Tartars to the place appointed for the expugnation: whereupon they ordered the matter so, that in the manner of a ring they compassed our Trenches round about: first playing over their heads into our Camps, with many great Ordnance, which were mounted in three several places; then transported they over the River thirty more, which continually beat both upon ours, the Lissavonians, and the Cossack's Tents, and that for the space of diverse hours, sending likewise fiery Spears, burning Darts, and sulphury Balls amongst us, insomuch that our Prince lying yet sick in his Tent, had the Captain of his Guard slain with a Bullet. Among the Lissavonians three of the best men of Arms were killed outright: and among the Cossacks one or two hurt.  
After this, with strange assaults and fearful violence, they pressed upon the two special passages of our Camp: whereat the one stood firm, the Lord Camp Master General, with a great and strong Battalion: at the other, the Lord Palatine Culmensis: in the Marketplace, the Lord Doenhoff, with many Germans: in a word, we were all in Arms, and the Cannons played on both sides as fare as they could, for hurting those in their own Quarters: at last on a sudden with accustomed cry the Tartars gave on, and were ready to scale the Trenches & enter in at the Ports. Then followed the janissaries, as their seconds, and lastly, the Spahies and Chawses on Horseback, who by their bravery made themselves sure of the entrance, for the truth is we gave ground, and lost many men: For they pressed so thick upon us, that our shot did no good, and we came to handy blows within our own Trenches, till certain Cossacks on that quarter, and Masters of Pole on ours, finding the Tartars disordered and disarmed, rushed upon them with fury, that they were driven as fast back again, as they came in, and in a manner bore the janissaries down, and puzzled them much with their violence: yet notwithstanstanding fresh men were still sent forwar, d who with a strange pertinacity, & unchangeable valour, continued till Sunset in the expugnation: so that in my conscience, if they had been Armed, and disciplined after the manner of the warlike Nations of Europe, they had made a shrewd adventure, and opened a gap of entrance into our Country, and then (God knows) whether this inundation would have run. For you see, when raging Seas beat upon the banks of low grounds, if they prevail in bearing them before them, whole Countries are swallowed up in the Vast paunch of the Ocean: But the same God, that puts a hook in the nostrils of Leviatham, and bindeth Bebemoth with a chain, set a limitation for these raging Mahumetans, and furious and barbarous Tartarians, over which they should not pass at this time.  
For although they come with resolution to force our Trenches, and so to lay the way open to overlook those fields of Bogdonia with a curious eye, and put it thus to a brave trial, dividing themselves in many Troops to take advantage of our weakness, and shrinking in this tempestuous storm, yet (God bethanked) with our accustomed constancy we kept our ground, and though with some loss constrained them to let go the hold they had, and in the end with a great shame and a greater slaughter, they hide their heads within their own hedges: yea, they that ever scorned to quarter themselves within Ditches, and for their infinite multitudes (with desire of expedition) would never consent to cast up a Trench, were now compelled to think upon security, and have a retiring place to go too as a refuge.  
The 29. of September, there was great silence amongst them, and a messenger came for intermission a while, that they might bury their Dead, which was a work indeed reciprocal between us, and so the time was spent in clearing the way of the dead Carcases between our Camps, which being a full mile broad, lay all bespread with dead bodies, wherein we also had a share, and the same cause of setting ourselves on work: For many Tartars had conveyed themselves over the River, and taking advantage of our encounter, thought we had left the backside of our Camp, as it were naked and undefended, but when they came, they found the Carts, Wagons, and Carriages, so strongly to Barricado it, that they thought it in vain to hazard themselves, and so returned disappointed: yet because they would be doing, they threw wildfire amongst the carriages, and put the Cattle in a great fear, whose roar and bellow amazed us much, and in a manner begged relief at our hands, so that we thought it meet to send out certain Troops of Horse, who fell upon them so opportunely, that they let in 200. Pole-axes amongst them, yea the very Pioneers came with their Pixes and hutches, and played their parts like men and Soldiers: So that in the end we compelled them to swim over the River back again.  
The next day being the 30. of September, certain fugitives came unto us, and many Captives of our own Countrymen, who assured us that the Turks lost in that Conflict 3000. men, besides those which the Tartars left behind on the other side of the River: we lost outright besides the wounded 300. amongst whom was one Captain of account, and two of the Prince's Guard, who were well esteemed by him: But such was the fear of this mischief, and appearance of danger, that many indeed fled into Poland with heavy news of an overthrow, so that when rumour was once a running, it imitated a ball of Snow, which by often rolling groweth greater and greater, and in the end consumeth like a Ball of snow, when the sun of Truth dissoluech it into vapours, and consumeth it to nothing with the heat of his reflixure.  
The same day was a Council of War, and when we saw, that their resolution was to overrun us, and that if by any means we should fail in opposition, there would here be made an entrance into our Country indeed, when we also understood they were as willing to the peace as ourselves, so it might be of our first seeking, we concluded to make the adventure, and temper the potion, which might cure the burning fever of our disquiet: and so the Lord Castellanus Belrenn, and the Lord Palatinadus Lublinnen, were appointed Commissioners to tractate with the Turks about Articles of Peace, and cessation of Hostility: these had for their attendants 20. of the best Gentlemen of our Camp, and the best furnished, besides servants with provision of necessaries, if they should fail in their Embassy, and find, a contrary doggedness in their enemies.  
By that time the Trumpets had given warning of their access, and that they approached very near the Turks Camp 200. Spahies and Chawses on Horseback with Velvet Gowns, rich silver Maces, and brave Turbanes, came to entertain them, and bring them by way of conduction through the first Guard of janissaries, and so through many troops of Horse, and field Pieces mounted on delicate Carriages, till they came to the Tent of the Viceer, who welcomed him in his Master's behalf: but according to former custom he must attend a while, ere he could have Answer from the Grand Signior himself, and peradventure not speak with him at all: For you must know, that however they were glad of composition, yet the Turk would not discover any inclination to Peace, but if he did condescend, it was merely out of Heroic compassion, not any necessity of his part: For during the time of the treaty, the Hostility continued, and diverse excursions had the effect of furious encounters and bloody skirmishes.  
The first of October, the Lord Koskakorffskij returned by night with all his Company and provision safe to our Camp, having escaped many dangers and conflicts with the Tartars, who being acquainted with this purpose and journey, lay in wait to intercept his return: For thus it was, provision failing in our Camp, and many necessaries wanting because the Enemy had blocked up diverse passages and Rivers, whereby the inhabitants could not bring in provision, as they were accustomed, it was concluded to send the Lord Koskakorffskij with Captain Visnen to the Town Camenecen, with a sufficient convoy for provision and victual; who some 8. days before took his journey, which was not yet so covertly done, but both Turks & Tartars were acquainted with the same, apprehending that we must needs be in some distress, & that our wants were to be supplied from his endeavours in procuring new provision, and therefore advanced a strong Battalion with many shot on foot, and diverse field Pieces to intercept his return, and so lay between the Town and our Camp, being not 15. nail a sunder: they took up much ground, and were dispersed in many places, yea many times resolved to set upon the Town itself, and if they could to take the spoil of the same but it was too strong for them, and so they contented themselves in the expectation of this booty, and the return of the Polonians to the Campe.  
When the Town saw the Fields thus endeavoured with Tartars, and that they were so well appointed to intercept the Carriages, they fortified themselves the stronger, and yet meant not to keep themselves within their Walls, considering the necessity of relieving their Camp: but again understanding that they lay upon every passage, and must hazard the whole Convoy with the provision in the interception: the Lord Koskakorffskij, with the other Captains, thought it best to put a trick upon their Enemies, and deceive them if they could by a petty Stratagem, which they thus effected: When all things were ready for their return within Eight days after their departure from the Camp, they set forward back again, with many Wagons of Wine and Corn, and so issued out with certain Troops well appointed, whom they flanked with light Wagons full of Straw, and Hay, yet not so full but they went in a manner as fast as the Horse, which when the Tartars perceived, they brought up their Pieces and came forward with their shot, to disrank these Cartes, verily supposing the main booty was in the midst of the troops: but the Cartes went so fast, and the Horse upon the trot, that they were quickly from the shot of their Ordinance, and made the Tartars weary to follow them: yet as they were instructed they made diverse stands, as if the Wagons meant to take some rest, and then as the Tartars approached they would troth away again, and thus they continued till night: by which time the Tartars were quickly drawn from the Town, and thought it work enough to secure the field Pieces from surprising: When night came, then issued out the Lord Koskakorffskij with the main Convoy indeed, which consisted of Corn, Oil, Wine, Honey, and Cattle, and went a clean contrary way unknown to the Enemy, though somewhat about to a Town called Sarno Kovonicie, where he was accommodated to the River of Ister, and from whence he came to the Camp, as you have heard in safety and good order: yet not without some opposition, though fare from loss and discomfiture: For by that time the Tartars knew how they were deceived, which they did by light Horsemen sent of purpose by the Polonians, to divert them from following those troops that issued out of Cameneces by day too fare, they sent word to the Turks of the deceit, and they exasperated with very rage, ran down in whole Companies to beset the River on both sides, and brought their Ordinance to play upon the Boats, who kept the stream, but the most were passed by ere they came; and the rest kept the Channel, which was here so broad, that the Ordinance played on the Banks and could not do them much harm: Yet did the Turks follow them as fare as our Trenches, but we having certain Towers well fortified on both sides the River, played out of them so violently, that we cut off some of them in their speediness, and those who were within reach of the shot of our Trenches, were fain to recoil, and so the Turks and Tartars returned with great sorrow on all sides, to be thus disappointed, and we entertained our friends with joy on every side to be thus relieved.  
The same day before Sunsetting, Ambassadors came to our Noble Prince from the Cossackes, inhabiting the shore of the Black sea by the mouth of Volga, and those Rivers that pour themselves as it were into the lap of Moeotis Palus, and those borders of Russia: The some of their Ambascy was, that they had raised an Army of 20000. in defence of the Christians, against either Turk and Tartar, or any other Enemy, which shall blaspheme their Religion; they were armed and paid and within a days march of the Camp: whether they were entertained by the Prince or no? Let all Prince's judge, who know the benefit of Auxiliary forces and friendly supplies, coming opportunely, and in case of necessity, whether the news was welcome? let a wounded and distressed person judge who is pulled out of a ditch from starving & brought to good fires and better lodging: whether we made use of their company and coadiutement, let him judge, that being overmatched with raging adversaries, is on a sudden supplied with worthy seconds, who venture their lives in his defence: In a word word whether the Turks understanding of their approach: were not a little troubled, considering they had been so often affronted already: let them judge that understand the nature of Conflicts, and the condition of supplies, though it be but in Ambuscadoes, which have many times turned back, failing and discomfitted Troops, and in a new trial recovered the victory.  
word whether the Turks understanding of their  
The second of October, we took some Prisoners, and many came unto us of their own accord; yea, diverse Captives Christians found away to escape, and deliver themselves from the Turkish slavery and bondage, and be united again to the Love and Obedience of their mother Country, who all confidently affirmed, that the Turks were weary of the War, and the Tartars cried out of the walled Towns, fortified Trenches, mounted Ordinance, arming Corslets, long Pikes, and other Warlike preparation, contrary to their barbarous and Savage nakedness, and yet did they not desist from their spoils, and uncivil foraging of the Country, especially if they could upon any advantage, either set upon us, or surprise us: but yet we had no such advertisement from our Commissioners, nor durst disbandy ourselves upon any hopes, whatsoever: Only this I will be bold to affirm, that if the Turks did now desire a Peace with us, he will not be so forward to proclaim War against us hereafter, or infringe the Conditions, when they be once ratified.  
From the third of October, to the ninth, the time was spent in disputing about the peace: For the Hospodar of Walachia, with many Princes of Servia and Bulgaria, intruded themselves, and desired the Viceers and Pashas of the Turk to be included in the conditions. Hear some will have the King of Poland to repair into the Camp: some again will have him to come in with the Army of Cossacks, that came from Volga and the black Sea: some will have his Standard royal to be advanced in the Army, before he came in person: some will have him secretly to come in, without any bravery or ostentation: howsoever it be; this is sure, that he was neither mentioned, nor publicly seen, until the Treaty of Peace, and his marching to Leopolis, wherein likewise I find some discrepancy about the time, which may be the mistaking of stilo novo, and stilo antiquo, or else the error consisted in the setting down a general rising, when yet most part of the Army remained in the Trenches, after the King was departed, as you shall hear hereafter: howsoever; I find no variation for the substance of matter, nor in truth any great matter after the peace to variate about, and so to the purpose.  
The ninth of October, the peace was concluded after the old conditions, and ratifications with the accustomed manner of proceed, nor was there any manner of foederation left out, which might serve to glorify the commonwealths on either side: From whence I only observe, that by this means, this insulting Enemy, who a little before, or if you will the Spring of the year, threatened fire and sword, and was so fare from any conditions of amity, that he proclaimed the devastation of our Country, and would have no denial, but utter subjection, tribute, and slavish obedience, by the force of Arms, saw now the staff of his mightiness broken a pieces; and that in a manner by compulsion, he must make a peace with an inferior Prince: and when? when we stood in need of provision, wanted powder, and shot, saw a returdance in such troops and payments of money, as were promised by many Christian Princes, had our Commonwealth turmoiled with the Wars of Livonia, and ourselves formerly wearied with many convulsions, now set upon afresh with the only Enemies of Christendom, the great Turk, and barbarous Tartar: but this God can do, and this God for us, and the same God will (I hope) continue his mercy toward us.  
The 11. of October, the Emperor of Turks sent unto his Majesty a Messenger with these instructions, that we should first raise our Camp, and departed out of Walachia, a Province subject and tributary to him, which by no meane● we would agree unto, projecting altogether the dignity of the Kingdom, and the commodiousness of the Army, both which might have been impaired, nay all quite overthrown, if while we were puzzled thus in rising; either the Turks breaking their covenants, might fall upon us; or overtaking us in the Plains, might press upon us with the greater number, and unprovided. Whereupon the Turk leaving the standing Bridge, which he made over the River, removed his Camp some half mile backwarder, giving us leave to make use of the Bridge, either for carriages too and fro, or our orderly marches: but yet we stirred not for all this: no, though the Turk stayed two days in that place; insomuch, that we had recourse one to another, and took a liberty to flatter one another with formal welcomes, feasting, and kind embraces, as is the custom of reconciled friends, or if you will protected Enemies.  
The 12. of October, the Grand Signieur marched five mile further, to the River surnamed Prath, and there settled his whole Army: The same day we disposed of our Ordnance in Carts made of purpose, and took the benefit of the Turks Bridge, for the easier accommodating ourselves, as you have heard: yet was our King on foot, and had marched some few days before toward Leopolis, giving us directions not to stir, till the time appointed: For the Tartars were not yet appeased, but continued their accustomed manner of thefts and robberies, both in burning of Villages, and meeting with as naked men as themselves; so that when we departed indeed, we went very strong, sending our Munition and Carriages, two days before we threw down our Trenches; whereabout, also there was some disputing, whether we should level them with the ground or no: for they seemed a good refuge, if occasion served to retire unto.  
The 13. of October, the Turks removed again a little beyond the River of Prath, and encamped themselves three mile further. The same day our illustrious Prince continuing still with the main Army, arose at once, and marched to the further side of Ister over the Turks Bridge, by a Town called Zaranie, in the Province of Checinen, and in the field that belonged to the Castle, where the Prince took up his lodging, leaving the Lord Lermunth, and all the German Coherts to attend the Carriages and Carts, and safe conduct the Artillery to the places appointed: For there were many stragglers of the Tartars, and Outlopers of the servians and Walachians, that lay in wait for robberies, and spoils, neither sparing us, nor the Turks themselves, if they could overmaster either, and so were no better than professed Thiefs: and therefore was this order taken in our marches, not to be circumvented, or made a spoil of in the breaking up of a Campe.  
All the next day, being the 14. of October, we tarried at Zaranie, till the Carriages came together, which the day following, being the 15. we sent very early to Camenicen, whether we also approached with the main Troops by Sun set. But the Cossacks took another way, having many promises of gratification, both from the Turk and ourselves, such was their valour, deserving commemoration: such were their enterprises compelling acknowledgement. That night the Prince lodged in the Castle: and the next day the Commissioners returned with the Articles of agreement, and many Honourable persons presented themselves, who were severally welcomed as Actors on the former stage of War, and turmoil, and lovers of their Country, for whose sakes, as you have heard, they adventured both estates and persons, and were ready to pour out their bloods, as they named it, for the cross of Christ.  
After the serious matters were debated, the Ambassadors dismissed, and the affairs settled, they had some time to talk of other business, and amongst the rest of the Turks disposition, concerning whom one of the Basshawes had discovered to the Polonians, while they were about their tractate of peace: how irksome and distasting it was to the young Emperor, who many times in a frantic manner would excruciate and torment himself with actions of distemperature, as throwing of his Turbane, beating his breast, and kicking his very Basshawes, who durst not reply, but were subject to a very slavish prostitution, and then would he fall to weeping, and wring his hands to think upon his inauspitious actions, and unfortunate attempts, remembering two especial times: one when with seven thousand of our Army, we set upon 10000 Turks, who made a brave sally on our Trenches, but were beaten back with violence to their own homes, at which he so stormed, that he called them Slaves, Vagabonds, and idle; as if they had played the Traitors of purpose to eclipse his glory, and obumbrate his renown.  
Another: when the Cossacks sallied upon them, and slew so many of the Tartars, that they were weary of killing, and so returned with a great prey and spoil into their own quarters. But of all that fatal day, the 18. of September troubled and tormented him, when he resolved and set up his rest to overrun us at once, and came forward with such impetuosity, that we feared ourselves, had not God fought for us, and turned them back with a great slaughter: yea, such was our loss, and the doubtfulness of the victory, that all Europe rang with our overthrow: and in Hungary it was reported, how he was come as fare as Sendomiria and Cracovia; but (God be thanked) it fell out otherwise, and as now the tale is told, a strange accident affirghted them all, which we knew not then, nor do we now presume upon, either as our deserving, or cause of preservation.  
The same day, an Earthquake chanced in the Turks Camp, in such a fearful and palpable manner, that the whole Army ran out of their Tents, leaving the Emperor with some certain Chamberers and janissaries alone in his: who on a sudden demanded; what was become of his Army? to whom it was answered, That part were gone upon a Camisado on the Polonians, and part were ran out as amazed at the Earthquake. And part, now the curse of Mahomet part them, said he: What do I here to be a scorn to you all, and a derision to posterity? With that he snatched at a Scimitar, and whether he meant to strike at them, or dispatch himself, they could not tell. But thus prevented, he fell grovelling on the ground, and up again with a distempered countenance, and wring his hands: wherein his distemperature moved commiseration, and they all stood amazed to see 14. years so apprehensive to distinguish between glory and shame: but were confounded altogether to hear him utter these words, and vent out a passion in such an heroic manner.  
Oh God that hast given us bread, and enlarged our Empire with the territories of jews, Christians, and Kingdoms beside? that hast made the house of Ottoman a scourge and terror to all Nations, and enlarged our renown before any Prince under the Sun: that hast given us a Prophet, and a Law, whereby our Alcharon is without opposition: that hast made our sacra porta a wonder in nature, and advanced our great City on a hill of eminency, that the Nations may call Stanbole beautiful, and come from a fare to behold our Seralio. But what shall become of all this? Shall my youth, temerity, cowardice, or misfortune, add a fatal period to this glory, or all my Ancestors victories wrapped up in the Cypress chests of my destiny, and ominous proceed? Shall all these Kingdoms resume a new courage of revolting, as if the Mahumetane Empire were now at the highest, and my disastrous childishness the discoverer of the secret? Shall Othomans ashes be metamorphozed into some horrid shape, to exprobrate my pufillanimity, and tell me to my face, I am more worthy of a rod then a Sceptre? Shall Mahomet come from Paradise, and assure me, the gates shall be in the in the inside against me, for abusing the trust committed to me, and playing the suckling, when I was to fight his battles in the field! Oh what an excruciation is this? Have all my Predecessors done something in the world as an addition of honour, and enlargement of their fame, save only myself, who am now so fare from doing of any thing worthy the least report; that in steed of memorable actions and heroic attempts, I must return with shame and discomfiture: nay, as they tell me, make a peace with a petty Prince and Province, when my predecessors never pitched their Tents, nor advanced the Standarts of our Crescent: but had all the Princes of Europe with the wings of the wind, to fly in their faces, and yet to no purpose. And now, and now: am I borne to shame and confusion? Oh God Oh Mahomet, shall it be thus?  
To this, or the like purpose was that day spent by the young Prince, till at last, as you see the upper streams of a River follow one another, mischief attended mischief, and the cries of wounded men assured him, there was news of another slaughter to torment him; then grew he so mad indeed, that no body durst come in his sight, had not the Musty and some Doctors of the Law leviated this frenzy with honest discourse; and from example, made a Cataplasm as it were for his sore: telling him the story of Bajazet, whom Tamburlaine bound in chains, and of Soliman the magnificent, who after many glorious victories, saw the malice of a woman to destroy his son Mustapha, and the rest of his family: and of many others who had as great touches of grievances as men were were subject unto, & either bear them out bravely with the scorn of disquiet, or recovered their renown's with a new industry, that was shrinking from them, by giving way to fear or impatience: and therefore it is wisdom and magnanimity to put in practise the best examples, and of all other things to yield to opportunity, as for the peace now to be considered on: There was no disparagement to his Honour, and the greatest Monarches in the world have yielded to necessity in such constraints. Again, Fortune was not always disposed to be waaton, nor would at all times attend the chariot of War: therefore it was best yielding a little to time, especially now, when warlike Nations had learned this discipline, to enclose an Army within Trenches, and Pallisadoes, that durst not endure the fury of a battle, nor the violence of such forces, as were sure to make their way in the open fields. Besides, experience had discovered this secret, that a well fortified Town was now longer a winning and battering, than a whole Province in times passed in overrunning and conquering.  
In this manner, they pacified the young Prince, and prepared him against all manner of ominous accidents: so that when the Treaty of Peace came in deed, the Commissioners proceeded, as you have heard, and not only effected that, which they went for: but returned with sufficient reward, and equal acceptation, relating the matter as it chanced, and certifying our Prince with the whole discourse, while he was resident at Camenices.  
Thus far gentle Reader, hath one Letter brought me, and the business, which being in a high Latin phrase, and a Polish Character doth warrant, it came from some Gentleman of quality, or Soldier of account, or both in one man, who was sure an actor in the same: and herein I have not failed in any substance of matter, except in some circumstance of time, or Orthography of proper names, mistaking a Z for an L, or an s for an r, with such like, etc. which such, as know the Country, may easily mend; and such as know not, may yet understand the truth of the business, without taking exceptions at the accent of proper places, only I must confess I find not the word Rex in all the Letter, but at the latter end: only illusrissimus Princeps is often named, which whether it mean the Father or Son, I leave it to him that can judge by the coherence of the sentences, and application of the divisions: what is done, is merely for thy satisfaction; and what is to be done, will afford you the like pleasure: For in both, you may see the mercy of a great God, and the vanity of a presumptuous man: the one can pull down the proud, and advance the humble and weak: the other must confess the changes of mortality, & alteration of humane condition: or knock his knees together with fear and trembling, when with Belshasher he sees the hand writing on the wall. Thus did the Assyrian Monarch banquet in the bounds of the Sanctuary, and that in security, when yet the same night the Medes and Persians besieged Babylon, and he was betrayed into his Enemy's hands with the loss of his life, and Kingdom. And thus did the great Turk threaten Poland, as hoping thereby to make a way into Europe, and the Northern Seas, when yet within three months he was utterly disappointed, and compelled to entertain a Peace, when in a youthful jollity his heart scorned to entertain any thing but revenge or ambitious designs. Now the God of all blessings make us thankful for so great a mercy, that his benefits be not bestowed in vain, nor we the sons of men more stupid and ingrateful, than the bruit beasts, that acknowledge his kindness, and everlasting goodness.  
I have also (gentle Reader) another Letter for thee, which depends immediately upon the former, sorting in every thing to the truth: but that I find a little discrepancy in the rising of the Camp, which either may be mistaken by the difference of stilo novo, and antiquo, or by the Kings going to Leopolis, before the main Camps broke up, and the Tartars were absolutely appeased, or drawn away by the Grand Signieur. I find it translated to my hand, and written from Leopolis to some man of Honour else where: but it hath neither date, nor superscription: no, nor the Author hath subscribed his name; at which I do not wonder, because it is but a Copy, nor would have thee wonder: For it is a common thing in Letters of news and occurrences, wherein all men would be glad to participate their secrets for the common good, but not publish the Authors for fear of private traducing: you shall have it therefore, as I find it; and when you have read it, then judge whether it be worth the publishing or no. It thus gins.  

The Copy of a Letter written from LEOPOLIS.  
Gracious and Honourable Lord:  
THE fourth of October, we departed from Lublinn, from whence I signified the present Occurrents, and having now exposed ourselves to a new journey, we likewise anew disposed the order of our marches: For although the peace was concluded, yet the tidings of the Tartars and Null approaches increased, who being not withdrawn out of the field, would not withdraw themselves from their beastly manner of spoils, robberies, rapes, and cruelty: Wherefore to prevent their revenges, and secure ourselves, the Troops were thus marshaled. First, certain Cornets of Horsemen, and Scowtmasters were sent out; then the Vanguard with a Battalion on foot: then the King's Majesty with his household-servants, and the Banner impressed the Arms royal; to wit, a white Eagle with a white cross divided, and upon the same tecum et pro te. This Ensign consisting of five hundred, was gathered at the charges of voluntary Courtiers, and by them exquisitely set out and ordered. After these, immediately followed the King's Majesty, with a Troop of three hundred Dutch Horse, being his Guard: then came such Carriages as belonged to the King, and then such as belonged to the Soldiers: And last of all followed the rear, which consisted most of Masters of Pole. The sixth day we came to Zamoschia, where there adhaered unto us about six thousand Dutch Horsemen, whose Colonel was the Palatine of Marcinburg, and six thousand Foot under the conduct of Colonel Arnhem: so that thus strengthened, we marched with greater safety, yet not altogether without peril, until we came to Leopolis. For on the one side we saw the Country on fire, a most certain Character of the Tartars impression, who burned all before them, and we had now attained unto their ashes: on the other side, we might easily see many straggling servians, and Bulgarians, who as the Tartars delighted in nothing, but unjustifiable Robberies, in which manner for all the Turks proclamation they continued, till they were quite retired home.  
The 8. of October, we lodged all night in a little Town, which had been burnt by the Tartars called Podlitez, and from thence determined the next day to go forward: but fear ceased upon the Vanguard, by reason the Scowts returned with news, that our Wagons were surprised, and the noise went, they were ransacked by the Tartars: but thankes be to God, it proved a false Alarm: only some 4000 Tartars, and other of those Nations appeared with a warlike countenance, and might have been suspected to take advantage of our stragglers: but seeing us so strong, and so well ordered, they gave us leave to go forward, and we left them to their savage and unnatural immanity.  
The day following, a Council was called in a little Town called Kimerton, and for as much as the main body of the Tartars Army, was but three mile distant from us, and that having done so well all this while, we would be loath to make a shuffling end at the parting: we there encamped ourselves, and abode a whole day, and then taking the neighbouring people into our custody, we marched forward toward Leopolis, and having the twelfth of October gained the sight of the City, every man was cheered, and solemnly praised God for their former deliverance. There came forth many of the Gentility to salute and receive the King: and after them followed multitudes of people: an old custom to applaud the action of Conquerors, or welcome such Princes, who else would be their own carvers. It was verily worth the seeing: For the King never road with such pomp and confluence into any City; and because it was remarkable, and worthy of memory, I will hereafter compile it into a larger discourse, and send it your Honour. In the mean time, to satisfy those that desire to know the present estate of our affairs, I will briefly make a summary collection, and intimate our deliverances, as they chanced.  
Beyond all expectation a salvation is befallen us: For we are released from the extremest peril whereinto we were fall'n, not by our own diligence and power, but by the special providence of God, who hath done great wonders for us. Behold our matters were at the point of loss, our Soldiers being wearied and tired with Turkish assaults: our powder and Munition failed our people, tasted of hunger and and wants. Kotkovite Palatine of the Wild, and General of the Army died in the Camp: our Prince fell sick and sadded our hearts, and many other inconveniences besides the slaughters of our men, threatened our ruin, and utter subversion. But behold on a sudden how comfort appeared: about the 2. of October a treaty of Peace was offered, and accepted by the Turk, for which purpose we were contented to depute certain Commissioners, who were accordingly entertained and admitted into the Turks Camp, to wit the Castellan of Belsens, and the Palatine of Lublines, who went roundly to work, but after the Turkish manner they stood upon high terms of ostentation, until some, who stood in Tractalion with them, mitigated the heavy imposed conditions, which continued until the 8. of October. In fine, the next day I know not by what special working of God, the Turk casting a side all the propounded Conditions, and interjected cavils, accepted the Pacta antiqua, which also was on both sides confirmed and ratified: Then were our Commissioners admitted to the Emperor's presence, and kindly received and honoured with gifts.  
He also sent unto the Illustrious Prince Vladislaus, a living Elephant with many other things, who again regratulated him with Dogs, and certain pairs of hand Guns, made in the Low-Countries, and so the Peace was published, and the Articles brought to the King to Leopolis, the Camp remaining yet firm, and the Cossackes continuing in their quarters.  
At last the Turk retired his Army, and diverted the Tartars, who all this while spoilt and burned the Country, he also promised great gifts to the Cossackes, which should hereafter be sent by Legations, and whatsoever was equally demanded, was on the Turks part most Princely granted; all which points considered, maketh this matter almost incredible: For the like is not found in the Turkish Histories, and in especial, that the Emperor in person being in an expedition of such preparation, should condescend to such Articles of Peace, and be contented to return home frustrated and disappoined.  
But these be God's secrets to preserve us, to the end that Christendom should not by our overthrow, be further infested with Turkish Armies. For questionless if we had failed either in our Camp, or encounters, he had passed without control, and the plaint Country would quickly have been overrun by their multitudes, and outrageous Tartars who thought upon nothing but ruin and destruction: what should I insist more upon this matter? great Peace hath embraced us, and comfort lighted upon our heads unlooked for: Our Camp shall be broken up, and we daily expect the Turks Legate, for whom me Illustrious Prince Vladislaus tarries, we as suppose to conduct him to the King, who will abide 8. days at Leopolis to give order for the discharge of the Soldiers, and settling of other matters behooveful, partly for these Provinces, partly for the good of Moldavia, and Podolia, with those of Bogdonia, who are all included in the Articles.  
After the dispatch of these affairs, the King intendeth to return to Warsaw, as receiving Letters out of Sweden, which are not altogether pleasing unto him: In the mean while the Gentlemen and Masters are dismissed, and many Soldiers, who are yet in the expedition have order to return, and a general Commandment is gone out to have Prayers and Processions in every Church, yea I am sure by to that time the news came Cracow, and other Cities, they will not spare for Bonfires, and make a general rejoicing in every place.  
I know that these things will be acceptable tidings to your Honour, the event of other causes I will hereafter, signify. Send the Conditions of the Peace, or if you will the Articles of agreement, and diligently write what else shall be worth the relating, as I encounter with such, as come out of the Camp: All I desire now is, that this my diligence may be commended, and dedicated unto your gracious favour: I am promised a discourse of the departure of the Tartars, and how they took their leaves of the Gran Signior, when it comes it shall salute you with speed, in the mean while Gracious Lord, if I rest in your Favour, I have my desire.  
Datum Leopolis, 14. October, Stilo novo.   

CONDITIONS OF Peace, betwixt the Emperor of the Turks, and his Majesty of Poland, Sul. Dato 9. th' of October, 1621. Stilo Novo.  
1. INprimis, Stanislaw Salishowskis Secretarius Regius, shall ex nunc go with the Turkish Emperor unto Constantinople, there to attend the coming of a great Ambassador, which the King's Majesty shall send, and the said Ambassador shall always remain at the Sacra Porta, like the Ambassadors of other Christian Potentates: and in this respect a principal Chawse shall presently be dispatched to go with our Commissioners unto his Majesty, and a great Turkish Ambassador follow, to the end that Pacta antiqua abutraque parte, which are all recorded, may be sworn unto, confirmed, and ratified.  
2. To the end that the Cossacks may not henceforth damnify the Turkish Empire: both sides bind themselves to prevent the same: and so oft as the Turkish Emperor in this respect shall have cause to require the administration of justice, the King's Majesty shall be obliged to perform the same. In which respect the Tartars likewise shall abstain from all manner of hostile invasions against the Kingdom, as in more especial the Turkish Emperor hath undertaken to hinder their passage at Ochkora, and if beyond expectation either part shall be damnified, by the other restitution shall be made, and the Tartars punished: but in the Vast and undivided Wilderness, until their equal division and limitation follow, it shall be free for the Tartars and Cossackes to Hunt wild Beasts, and it shall no whit impeach the Pacta Convent: although in this respect they may happen to fall together by the ears, and seek their revenges.  
3. When the Tartar Chrim shall go upon any expedition to serve the Turkish Emperor, he shall not touch or damnify his Majesty's Lands, and to the end that in this case either may know his bounds there shall be Commissioners ex utraque parte ordained, and by them certain limits appointed, as also Overseers for the black Sea, and those rovers.  
4. Respublicae Pol●ni●a, yields and accordeth henceforth to pay unto the Tartar the accustomed Tribute which he shall demand by his Ambassadors, and in this respect the Hospodar of Walachia, shall always be an understanding peaceable man, and a Christian, and shall help to keep the Tartars in Office, & government, that they attempt nothing Contra pacta, or if they do to receive punishment, according to the nature of the offence and trial: And if his Majesty shall have such occasion, then shall the Tartars assist him against his enemies: In a word, they shallbe obliged to serve the Kingdom.  
5. It is granted, that Chochim shall be delivered unto the Hospodar of Walachia, with all the appurtenances formerly belonging to that Fort.  
6. Unto all those which are the Turks enemies, shall the King and Kingdom of Poland, be likewise Enemies, and a friend unto all his Friends: and in the same manner shall the Turkish Emperor be obliged to the Crown of Poland.  
7. All these Conditions were sworn by the said Commissioners, and they were written in Polish, Turkish, and Latin, and the following great Ambassadors in like manner facta renovatione on both parts shall confirm the same, and continue the maintaining of the ancient Pacta by their Oaths: They were also under written by the Viceer of the Army of Turks, the Mufty, and a Doctor of Law: but on our side, by Stanislane Zorarmiski, Castellan of Belsen, and james of Sobniski the Palatine, Son of Lubelski, in the name of the King's Majesty, and of the General Stanislane Lubomirski, Captain of Zandomir: with the other Commissioners deputed.   

Thus (gentle Reader) thou hast likewise the last Letter with the conditions of peace, as they were then ratified by the Turks, and King of Poles Commissioners: there were also read in public the old contracts, containing the limitation of their Kingdoms, and the mentioning their friends and confederates, with all tributary Provinces, and many other things impertinent at these times: all which I have omitted to trouble you withal, resolving only to satisfy you with a plain truth of the end of the War, and to tell you a wonder in the making the truce: the use is merely to set out the glory of God, who can turn the frame of heaven about, and bring that to pass with easiness, which the wisdom of man thinketh impossible, and the policy of Kingdoms determineth to contrive another way: and to discredit the ostentation of Princes, who out of their own presumption can boast of great matters: but when the cause comes to be decided in the Court of Heaven, they are laughed to scorn, and a contrary sentence condemneth them, as delinquents to the Majesty of God, and offenders against their own souls and consciences.  
Since this, I have also received other Letters amongst the Merchants from Constantinople, dated the 10. of December, which make mention of the Grand Signieurs being at Andrinopolis, but is not yet come to the great City: only the Haga of janissaries, and certain Officers of the Seralio are arrived to prepare the Palace, and cleanse the Town, that both Court and City may be fit for his entertainment. And amongst the rest, there is one thing most remarkable, that his Uncle Mustapha, when he was deposed, did Prophesy of this peace: and in a manner foretold, that the Ottoman Empire was at the highest, and should no further enlarge the sun, but rather decline, and see their renown shadowed with malignity of time: But because his Spirit was not answerable to his greatness, the janissaries neglected him: nor his wisdom for lack of public conversation, as being always kept Prisoner, satisfactory to the government, he was the sooner put down, and so as yet he remains unstrangled, and peradventure unrespected.  
There now remains no more, but for the Poles to fortify their confines, & stand upon their Guard for all this Contract of amity, and treatise of purification, considering the fry of Nations, that lie Eastward from them, who either are enemies to Christian Religion as Idolaters, and Mahumetans: or indeed of no Religion, as running the violent race of Savagenes and beastiallity, all which good care and vigilancy will prevent, considering as I have often said, they are naked men, have no Discipline, and are to seek when they come to Trenches and Fortifications: Yet for all this good success: and prosperous event of the War? I would neither have them too presumptuous, or elated, as though their own Arm of flesh had done it: nor timorous or exanimated though they hear of the Turks preparation against them. For it is not the sound of 2. or 300000. of men can conquer Countries and Kingdoms, but the extraordinary valour of well disciplined Soldiers, nor are they likewise to boast with the Syreans that they can lick up the dust of Samaria, and transfer the Diadems of Princes at their pleasure, but to know there is a God of Battles, that made Gideons' 300. overrun the Midianites, and will do wonders for his Church in despite of the watchings of the Dragon: yea I make no doubt but that the same God, which hath delivered Christendom from the Turks excursions as you have heard, will also deliver the Protestant Princes from the Pope's Curses, and Antichristian threatenings, as you shall shortly see, And so I end with the Poet: 
O melibace Deus nobis haec otia faecit,  
Namque erit ille mihi semper Deus, illius uram  
Saepe tener nostris ad ovilibus imbuet agnus.     
FINIS.