THE DUTY OF ALL TRUE SUBJECTS TO THEIR KING:  
As also to their Native Country, in time of extremity and danger.  
With some memorable examples of the miserable ends of perfidious Traitors.  
In two Books.  
Collected and Written by H. P.  

— inutilis olim,  
Ne videar vixisse—   
PALINGEN.  
LONDON,  
Printed by E. P. for Henry Seyle, and are to be sold at his Shop, at the Tiger's Head in Fleet street, over against St. Dunstanes Church.  
1639.   

TO THE RIGHT WORSHIPFUL, SIR PAUL PINDAR KNIGHT.  
Worthy Sir,  
WHen I had ended this Discourse, & bethought myself of a Subject, who for h●…s loyalty and love to his King and Country, might answer and suit with the subject in hand, a●…d as it were stand in stead as a fair light at the entrance of the door, to show others the way; yourself came to my remembrance; who have so clearly expressed your affection to ei●…her. Indeed by th●… Law both of God and Natu●…e, every man according to that ability God hath blessed him withal) is bound so to do, but the greater number want the means, and burdens of this nature m●…st commonly lie upon t●…e backs but of a few, yea many there are, who (thou●…h able enough) in hard and dangerous times (like foolish patients in a desperate disease, who will not be persuaded to be let blood though it would save their lives (will not yield their assistance, till forced by ex remity or a stronger hand: this the Citizens of Constantinople proved by woeful experience, when they were surprised by Mahomet the first, having such a mass of money and treasure in their ho●…ses, that the Turks were astonied thereat. I rather set before such, that true pattern and mirror of Magnificence, (so highly honoured and admired, even until this day, for so many ways deserving of his Country) Cosmo de Medicis, of whom the Florentine History thus reporteth. This Cosmo (saith he) was the most esteemed and the most famous Citizen of Florence, (being no man of war) either in Florence or any other City, because he did not 
Hist 〈◊〉. lib. 7.  only excel all others of his time, in authority & rich●…s, but also in wisdom, for among other qualities that advanced him no be chief in his Country, he more than other men liberal and magnificent, which liberality appeared much more after his death then before, and though he did Princely things, yet in his conversation, riding abroad, or marrying of his children or kinsfolks, he was like unto all other men, modest and discreet, because he well knew that extraordinary things, which are of all men with admiration beheld, do procure more envy than those which without ostentation are honestly covered; surely private men have equalled many Prince in Magnificence, I might allege many examples for this purpose. But I only show how much we are first obliged to God, then to all those who study to provide for the safety of their King and Country, the advancement of God's Church and true Religion, of which number (Sir,) as you are one so eminent, here on earth, so may you receive your reward with the number of those, whose piety and deeds of mercy, shall receive their reward in another Kingdom.  
Yours in all observance to be commanded, H. P.   

Imprimatur,  
April 29. 1639. JOHN ALSOP.   

TO ALL HIS MAJESTY'S LOYAL AND TRUE loving Subjects in general, of what degree or condition soever.  
THE divine Plato, to show us, of what form the best established Commonwealth ought to be, useth this Musical Theorem. Tunc omnis (saith he) Respublica sub●…rtitur, cum ex numero ternario, quinario juncto duae efficiuntur Harmoniae. 
* Every Commonwealth, is in hazard to be ruined, when of a third joined with a first are made two several or disagreeing harmonies.  This as an obscure riddle could not for many ages be resolved, till Melancthon, and some others the best learned of these later times, discovered Plato's meaning, which was this, since the most and best governed Commonwealths, consist first, of the King, who is the Base, and first no●…e (or key) of the fifth, (hence 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 quasi, 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉) secondly of the Nobility, who as a Fourth do perfect and make up the fifth, then of the People, who as a Third make up a full Eight: now if this Third and fifth make a discord of two several Harmonies, the Music is harsh and nought: for example, if the King and Nobility, should take Part against the Commons, or Commons and King against the Nobility, Nobility and Commons against the King, that Estate or Commonwealth is in great danger, hereby concluding, that nothing more supporteth a Kingdom, than Unity, and the mut●…all Concord of those three Estates in the same, one not being able to subsist without the help of another.  
Hence I remember the Estates of the United Provinces in the Netherlands, caused to be stamped upon their gold the Belgic Lion (r●…pant) with 
Unity makes might.  seventeen arrows in his right paw, (meaning thereby the seventeen Provinces,) borrowing that Emblem, from th●…se arrows which Silurus on his death bed gave to his seventeen sons, commanding each of them to take an arrow, and upon his knee, or as he could to break it, which they easily did, then gave he unto them seventeen other arrows all bound together in one bundle, to break, which (one essaying after another,) they could not, Thus after my death (quoth their Father) it will fa●…e with you, if you be divided among yourselves, (as these arrows were) every one will crush you, but if you unite yourselves, none will be able to injure or overcome you.  
The case is ours, who are (or aught to be) faithful and true to our King and Country, neither to suffer, or give the least consent or way to any division among ourselves, which hath been the ruin even of the most flourishing Kingdoms, foreign enemies taking advantage of their discords and combats (as the Kite in Aesop, did by the Mouse and the Frog.) So the Danes in our Land, and after them the Saxons did, and too well it is known, how that fatal and unfortunate division and emulation between the Nobility of Hunga●…ie and Lewes their ●…ung King, made a fair and an open way for Solyman to the possession (almost of all) that most 〈◊〉 and ●…rishing Kingdom.  
Now if we duly consider, and search out the cause of these tumults and commotions, that of late years, and daily do arise in Christian Common wealths, we shall find it to proceed from a pretence of consciencé, and Reformation of abuses in the Church, under which colour our obstinate Innovators bandy themselves against their own good and R●…ligious Kings, ●…en the Apostle saith, (and so did the Primitive C●…ristians practise) for conscience sake we ought to submit ourselves unto them, whether they be good or bad, and because we maintain this they pour out whole volleys in their volumes of slanderous imputations against our Reverend Bishops, being indeed 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, the Bulwarks or outworks of our Church, so that I may say of such a people and a Religion, as Lucretius said of theirs who allowed the slaughter and Sacrifice of ●…ptrianassa the innocent virgin.  
Tantum Religio poterat suadere malorum.  
We need neither them nor t●…eir reformation, our Church of England, being as well se●…led and governed as any in the Christian world: let us then submit ourselves, first unto God, next to our King, his Laws and discipline of our ●…hurch, labour for Unity and peace on with another: so will God b●…esse and defend us, our Adversaries utterly disabled, fear us, and we shall not only live, but go to our graves in peace; which God, in the times of the Patriarches and Prophets, promised to his children, as an especial blessing.  
Yours, H. P. May 7. 1639.   

THE DUTY OF ALL TRUE SUBJECTS TOWARD THEIR KING AND SOVEREIGN.  
Heard is the task, whosoever shall undertake in these discordant times (like another ORPHEUS) the taming of so many wild Beasts as are daily bred in this vast wilderness of the world, and to reduce them with the sweet and delicious air of unity and concord, unto Civility and Obedience. But such is the nature of some savage creatures, and untameable monsters, that the more you seek to win them, the more stubborn and intractable they become. Every good Prince is another Orpheus, who by the well-tuned harmony of wholesome Laws, Mercy, and his own example, laboureth to draw unto him the whole body of his people, and is listened unto by the best and greater part: but yet under the most mildest Governments that ever were, there never wanted some who altogether 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 have either stopped their ears, or in stead of mildness have been possessed with madness. Hence the best Princes, and freest from tyranny, hav●… found the most perfidious Traitors to themselves and their Country; like Serpents hatched, even in the Sunshine of their glorious reign; we need not to travel far for examples and proofs. I have heard the Spaniard much commended for his fidelity to his Prince, and true it is, that in Spain a Taitor or Rebel, is hardly heard of in an age, only what moved that Spanish Cavalero (who took the Admirant of Arragon prisoner at the battle of Newport) to quit his Country and King's service, I know not: examples of their disloyalty are not many, and as fidelity or loyalty is the Spaniards prime virtue, so is it the glory of every good Subject, (as in this discourse I intend to show) to be faithful to his Sovereign, and loving to his Country, his native soil, that both bred and fed him, and like a sweet and indulgent Nurse, will receive him (fall'n a sleep) again into her lap.  
The first Argument therefore I will use to persuade all subjects unto loyalty and fidelity unto their Sovereigns, is drawn from the dignity of their callings, seeing that God the Supreme Sovereign of Heaven and Earth, hath communicated unto them his own Attributes, that we might the more fear honour, and be afraid to offend them, yea not so much as to think ill of them in our hearts; (For even the Birds of the air will reveal thy secret thoughts, and ill intents against the King, (saith Solomon.) When the Lord spoke unto Moses, and commanded him to go to Pharaoh, to deliver the people of Israel out of their Egyptian bondage, 
Exod. 4. 10.  Moses excusing himself, said, he was not an eloquent man, but slow of speech and tongue, (albeit the Lord allowed him his brother Aaron as his speaker) the Lord answered, Thou shalt be unto him as a. God as if he had said unto him (as it is interpreted) thou shalt have pre-eminence and authority over him, thou shalt not fear the threatenings of the Tyrant, because 
Exod. 7 1.  I have made thee a God to Pharaoh. Again, I have said, ye are Gods, ye are all the children of the most High. And again, in the first verse of the same Psalm, God standeth in the Assembly of Gods. He 
Psal. 82. 6. & 1.  judgeth among Gods: is it not written in your Lam, (saith our Saviour to the Jews) I have said y●…e are G●…ds? hereby we are taught to bear all honour and loyal respect to those who have the superintendency over us, and to yield all reverence to those whom God hath appointed to reign over, to respect them with all our hearts and affections.  
Again, all people ought to consider that they cannot enjoy any thing of all the wealth, riches, & possessions God hath blessed them withal; if there were not Law, justice, and a Prince: now justice is the end of the Law; the Law is the Act or Ordinance of the Prince, and the Prince is the Vicegerent of God, having sovereign powerover those whom he hath given in charge, to rule & govern; so the Sovereign is a speaking Law, and the Law a dumb Prince; if therefore we must live under and obey the Law, how much more the Prince, that made and established it, yea who gives vigour and life unto the Law? and makes a good King to have obedient and loyal Subjects, as Theopompus King of Sparta witnesseth, 
Plutarch.  when speaking to one of his domestic servants, who told him that the Spartan affairs did prosper well, because they had Kings who knew how to govern well, No, but rather (said he) but because the people know well how to obey; for the King's commandment, and the Subjects obedience are correlatives. Men indeed unwillingly obey those who know not how to govern well, but where the Prince is a good Leader, he is with all unanimity and alacrity followed; for if a Subject loves not his Prince, that is, if he be not true and loyal unto him, what good will all his honour, wealth, dignity or preferments do him, since there is no title in the world that becomes a Subject more than true loyalty; which no man can have; except true love and obedience precede and go before, for want whereof, he makes shipwreck of all the honour and reputation, that he had formerly purchased. As a Prince hath always some occasion or other to make use of his Subjects; so are the Subjects bound by the Law of God, to serve, honour and assist him by all means possible to their abilities. Now if you would know what power and authority God hath given unto Kings and Princes over their Subjects, the Prophet Samuel doth very amply and plainly declare: these be the words of the Prophet speaking unto the Israelites (who desired to have a King to govern and judge them, as other Nations,) He will take your sons and appoint them to 
1 Samuel 8. 11.  his Charrets, and to be his horsemen, and some shall run before his Chariot. Also he will make them his Captains over thousands, and Captains over fifties, and to ear or plo●… his ground, and to reap his Harvest, and to make instruments of war, and the things that serve for his Chariots; he will also take your daughters and make them Apothecaries, Cooks, and Bakers, and he will take your fields and your Vineyards, and your best Olive trees, and give them to his servants, and he will take the tenth of your seed, and of your Vineyards, and give it to his eunuchs, and to his servants. And he will take your servants, and your maidservants, and the chief of your youngmen, and your Asses, and put them to his work; He will take the ten●… of your sheep, and you shall be his servants; and then the Prophet addeth this. And then you shall cry out at that day because of your King, whom ye have chosen you, and the Lord will not hear ●…ou, at that day, signifying hereby unto t●…e Israelites (and also to all others) that they ought with all patience to endure the Dominion of their Sovereign Prince, and perform this condition without grudging, mutiny or rebelling, and indeed this is an excellent lesson to teach all Subjects to contain themselves within the bounds of their duty and obedience, towards him whom God hath appointed to bear rule and Dominion over them, for (as the Apostle saith) There is no power but of God.  
To enter into more particular considerations, 
Roman. 13. 1.  which ought to move Subjects so much the more to love their Kings and Sovereign Princes, it is most certain, that God doth endow (most commonly) those whom he would have to reign over his people, with some singular and Supernatural gifts, as wisdom, fortitude, knowledge, vivacity of Spirit, goodness of nature, etc. above and beyond the common people. We read an excellent and good example in Moses, the first Governor and Conductor 
Numbers 11. 11. & usque ad 18.  of the Children of Israel, complaining unto the Lord of the burden of his charge, and of the hardness of the hearts of the Hebrews, praying him to comfort and assist him with some Counselors to help him to bea●…e the weight of his charge, received this answer from the Lord, I will do it (saith he) but I will take of the spirit which is upon thee, and put it upon them, to the end that they may bear the burden, or the charge of the people with thee, so that thou shalt not bear it alone: which showeth manifestly, that Kings and Princes have the gift of the Spirit, and that their Subjects have it not but in a small measure or in part; as the woman of Tekoah said unto David, My Lord the King is even 
2 Samuel 14.  as an Angel of God, to know good and bad; signifying hereby, that he knew what to do upon Earth: for God doth by Kings, as great Princes are used ●…o do by their 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉 ●…deth for them understanding, the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 excellent Tutors to instruct them, viz. the Angels, and withal we observe, that they begin to bud, and yield the ●…ire blossoms of their 〈◊〉 understanding, and consequently to bring forth fruit soon●… than their Subjects, as we may read of Solomon, who decided the controversy between the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, when 〈◊〉 was but twelve years old; as saith 〈◊〉 of josias, and many others.  
Hence we may justly gather, that Subjects are oblig●…d to love their 〈◊〉 and Superiors, not only by the Law of man or of Nations, but by the Laws and Commandments of God, as appeareth in many places throughout the whole Scripture.  
The 〈◊〉 had no lesson, 〈◊〉 often 
The second part of the obligation of Subjects to their 〈◊〉.  taught them, then to be always ready to obey their Superiors and Magistrates, to be patient in labours, constant in 〈◊〉, and never to 
〈◊〉. 〈◊〉. 〈◊〉.  forsake or run away from the place which they were to descend and make good, for they were enjoined to die first, rather then by abandoning it to save their lives, which if they did, they were immediately to be put to death, and 〈◊〉 this Commonwealth w●…s best ●…steemed of all others in the world for Policy, 〈◊〉 under the Laws of 〈◊〉, it flourished for the 〈◊〉 of five hundred 〈◊〉 and upward, that they 〈◊〉 as a rule to all other Nations in the world, to conform themselves by,  
, 
Tit. Liv●… lib. 8. D●…. 1.  
V●… Max. lib. 2. cap. 2.  with the enemy contra●… to his commandment.  
his commandment in going forth 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 
 Sovereign. Submit yourselves (saith the Apostle) 
1 〈◊〉 〈◊〉. 〈◊〉.  unto all ma●…er of Ordinance of man for the Lords sake, 〈◊〉 we ought to obey for conscience sake: where you see a manifest and most ●…cient proof of the authority and power God hath imparted unto Princes over 〈◊〉 Subjects, again by the same Apostle, The Prince 
〈◊〉. 1. 5.  is the Minister of God for thy 〈◊〉; but if thou 
〈◊〉.  dost evil fear, for be 〈◊〉 not the Suord in vain, (or for nought,) for he is the servant of God, to take 〈◊〉 on him that doth, evil; and writing unto his Disciple Titus, h●… saith, Put them in remembrance that they be subject to Principalities and p●…wers, and that they obey their Governors, for we must acknowledge, that there is no 〈◊〉 but of God, and he that resisteth this power, resisteth the Ordinance of God, and they that resist, shall receive to themselves judgement, Seeing therefore it hath pleaseth God to establish this order amongst men, that is, to be governed by Kings and Sovereign Magistra●…s, unto whom he hath given power of ruling and reigning over them, we must readily and willingly yee●…d them all obedience, tendering unto them our service, as well in times of peace as of war●…, in peace as ornaments, in war as 〈◊〉 and Bulwarks against a common enemy; ●…sides, we ought to speak of them with all honour and respect, not to tr●…duce them nor their actions in public or private among 〈◊〉, for were it but for our own 〈◊〉, knowing that Princes have 〈◊〉 ears and as long 〈◊〉: and as I formerly 〈◊〉. The Birds of the air will bear 
〈◊〉.  away thy 〈◊〉, and the fowls will relate thy words, etc. 
〈◊〉. 22. 28.  Again, Thou shalt not rail upon the judges (●…aith the Lord) nor speak●… evil of the Ruler of thy people: in brief we must with all humility, honour, serve and reverence them, as well in words, deeds, as also in our very thoughts.  
Neither is this sufficient, but we are bound to be mindful of them in our prayers, as well public as private. Saint Pa●… writing unto Timothy, exhorts him, That first of all supplications, 
1 〈◊〉 1, 2, 3.  prayers, intercessions, and giving of thanks, be made for Kings, and for all that are in authority or dignity, for that, ●…aith he; is good and acceptable in the ●…ight of God our Saviour: which ought to be performed without any exception whatsoever they be, good or bad, for all power is of God, which whosoever 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉 the Ordinance of God, and draw judgement upon themselves, yea though sometimes God maketh use of them to chastise and punish his people, according to their deserts: as for example, what cruelty did Pharaoh use against the people of Isra●… in Egypt, commanding the Midwives to kill all the male-childrens of the He●…, 
Exod. 1. 9 & 〈◊〉. 16. 22.  as soon as they should be borne, and with all commanding all his people to cast 
Roman 9 17.  them into the Rivers, endeavouring by this means, wholly to exti●…pate God's people, yet the Lord said, he had raised up Pharaoh, who tyrannised thus over them.  
What Tyrant or thief could be more cruel than Nabuchadnezzar King of Assyria, for he wasted 
2 C●…on. 36. 17. until the 26. ver. 〈◊〉. 1.  all Palestina, befieged all Jerusalem, pillaged it, broke down the walls of it, burned the 
Da●… cl 3. 12.  Temple, defiled the holy Sanctuary, slew the greater part of people, killed the King, and carried the remnant of the people unto Babylon, and made a golden Image, commanding all men without exception to worship it, upon pain of being burned alive, in an hot fiery furnace, and yet nevertheless Dan●… said thus unto him: Oh King, thou art King of Kings, for the God of heaven hath given thee a Kingdom, 〈◊〉, strength and glory: and the Lord himself calls 
jerem. 25 9  him his servant: and the Prophet 〈◊〉 in his Letter written unto the Jews, who were captives 
Ibid 27. 6, 7, etc.  in Babylon, exhortes them to pray for the peace of the City whither they were carried captives. And the Lord commands all nations to put their necks (that is) to submit themselves under the yoke of the King of Babylon, and that he will visit those Nations with the Sword, Pestilence, and Famine, that will not ●…mit themselves to be Subject to Nabuchad●…ezzar, and that those who would serve him, should live. Serve therefore (saith he) the King of Babylon, that ye may live. Now concerning the benefit that Subjects reap by being loyal and faithful to their Sovereigns.  
Now let me speak in a word of the benefit the faithful Subject receives for performing this duty of Obedience. First, it gives a man great satisfaction in his conscience to God-ward, he may with alacrity and boldness, either speak to, or petition his Sovereign in case of necessity or oppression; he shall thrive in his estate, he shall live in safety, and be protected from injuries and inconveniencies, according to that of the Wiseman, He that 
Ecc●…tes 8. 5.  keepeth the Commandments shall know no evil thing.  
On the contrary, by their disobedience they repugn the Ordinance of God and infringe his Law, which who so doth, his life shall ever 
Leviticus.  hang in fear before him, and he shall be afraid even of a shaken leaf, and many times the disloyalty and undutifullnesse of subjects toward God and their lawful Princes, draweth down the vengeance of God upon the Land, by taking those good Princes away, and giving them more cruel and tyrannous in their room, from whom they must expect like the Israelites among the Egyptians, heavy and g●…ievous tasks, both give their tale of brick, and gather the straw; Subjects who stick not to offend their Sovereign should remember that, Ira Principis est nuntia mortis, the indignation of a King is not a small matter, as many populous Countries 
Proverb. 19 12. etc. 16. & 14.  have found to their cost, It is the roaring 
Eccle●…tes 8. 2. 4.  of the Lion, and again (saith the Preacher) Where the word of the King is, there is power,, I advise thee (saith he) to take heed to the mouth of the King: yea the Lord, for a good King's sake sometime defers the punishment and misery he meaneth to inflict upon a stubborn and rebellious Nation, as we read he did in the time of good josias, when he said, he would 〈◊〉 the calamities preordained for the Israelites, for their sins and Idolatry, for their King's sake, who walked uprightly before them; let us therefore by all means seek the favour of the 
josep de antiqui. jud. lib. 10. c. 5.  King, which as 〈◊〉 saith, is like the dew upon the grass, yea a man's heart is as it were revived, 
Proverb. 19 12. & cap. 16. 15.  when his Prince's countenance is favourable and pleasant toward him.  
Let me give some examples of true love, and loyalty of some Subjects towards their Sovereign Princes, beginning with those of Great Alexander, of whom it is written, that they loved their Prince so dear, and bore such respect and honour unto him, that they did worship and reverence him, as if he had been a God. And after his death, his 〈◊〉 never sat in Counsel about the affairs of the Empire of Macedonia, and of other Provinces 
Aelian. Histor.  by him conquered, but they had in their Tents, or Counsel chambers, the Image of this great Monarch their Sovereign, lively drawn out, as to ●…reate and deliberate of State affairs in his presence.  
The Persians loved Cyrus their first King 〈◊〉 
Xenophon in 〈◊〉 〈◊〉.  well, that in memory of him, and for his sake, they loved all those that were crooked nosed, nay, they would not permit any to sit in his Throne, but such kind of men, We do think, (said they) that the holiest ordinance, which we have, is that which commands us to honour, and love our King, neither more nor less than the Image of our God, because there was never, or ever shall be a better King than Cyrus was. And Zen●…phon for his sake wrote his Cyropadia, to give the world a pattern of a good and excellent Prince, exhorting all others to imitate him.  
Xerxes' another King of Persia, who came with that mighty Army (consisting of more than a million of men) to conquer Greece, was no less beloved of his Subjects then Cyrus, (and after him Darius, as may appear by this ensuing History. Herodotus discoursing of the 
Herodot. in Urania lib. 8  diverse and sundry opinions that men had, of that cowardly retreat or plain flight of Xerxes, after that his Army was vanquished, saith, that he was fain to embark himself in a ship of of Phoenicia, and to direct his course for Asia, when being surprised with a dangerous storm, (the wind standing Northward,) and the ship so full of people and overcharged, (many of the Persians being cast away in their flight.) The King much affrighted herewith demanded of the Pilot, if there were any hope or means of saving their lives? who answered he saw none at all; unless many of the passengers were cast into the Sea; which Xerxes hearing, said thus unto them; My friends, I beseech you, that some of you would have a care of your King's safety, seeing his life and death is in your hands, at which words, many of his faithful subjects rising up, and doing him low reverence, presently threw themselves headlong into the Sea, so by this means the ship being light ned, Xerxes arrived safe in Asia.  
There cannot be a more real proof, and truer touchstone of love and loyalty, then when men do lose their lives freely and willingly for their Prince, as these men did, surely it is an example worthy of eternal memory.  
Menander King of Bactria, was also so well 
Plu●…ch.  beloved of his Subjects, that when he died, all the Cities and chief Towns under his Dominion, held several Obsequies, and made shows of a funeral for him, yielding him after his death, all the honour and respect that they could possible imagine, a manifest token of their extraordinary affection they bore unto him in his life time; yea more, to manifest their love, when his body was to be consumed with fire, (as was then the manner of those people) a great contention arose among the forenamed Cities, which should be honoured with his Sepulchre, in the end after much strife and debate, it was agreed and consented unto between them all, that each City should have an equal portion of his ashes, to be kept as an holy relic in their Temples, which was an apparent sign, how desirous they were to have had him always to be among them.  
After the death of Pelopidas, who was slain 
Plutarch. in vita Pelopidas.  in a battle, in defence of the Thebans and Thess●…ns, endeavouring to free themselves from the cruel tyranny of Alexander Phereus', those people showed the true love and affection that they bore unto him, for we read, that all those who were at this battle, did never put off their Armour, unbridle their horses, or dress their wounds, until such time as they were gathered together about him, (his blood as yet being sca●…ce cold,) and there before him cast down all the spoils, that they had taken from their 〈◊〉, a●… though he had been alive, and understood of their dictory, and moreover as in sign of their extreme sorrow, they shaved off their own hair, and cut off the manes and 〈◊〉 of their horses and many of them af●… their return back to their Tents and Pavi●…s, would neither kindle 〈◊〉, light a candle, eat or drink, in somuch th●…t throughout all the Camp, there was great sorrow, and a silent mo●…ing, 〈◊〉 one calling 〈◊〉; ●…ther Defender and Master, and when his body was to be ca●…yed to the 〈◊〉, the 〈◊〉 and Thessalians, were at 〈◊〉, which of them should 〈◊〉 the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 him. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, they made a 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of his 〈◊〉 in these words. All the 〈◊〉 that can be 〈◊〉 be given 〈◊〉 the most 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉. Every one of 〈◊〉 accompanying him, and 〈◊〉 so the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, as Crown, Armour of 〈◊〉 gold, 〈◊〉 with either who should 〈◊〉 him 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 honour.  
The 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 be had governed 
Suoten. in vita Othonis.  the Empire but a small time, 〈◊〉 so well beloved of his Subjects, that when his body was laid upon the pile to be burned, many of his people slew themselves to be confumed with him.  
The Soldiers of Sertorius did the like over his body, and others by whole troops killed themselves willingly, because they would not 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 live him, moreover they loved him so dear, that they vowed o●… dedicated themselves to his shadow or ghost; as appears by an Epitaph, which is in Spain at this day to be seen, the inscription whereof (〈◊〉 this effect) I have here inserted, for the better content of the Reader.  
Here lie interred many bands of Soldiers, who vowed 
Historia general. de Spania.  themselves to the ghost of Quintus Sertorius, and to the Earth, the ●…ther of all things, who living in sorrow and grief for him, most courageously assaulted one another, and joyfully enjoyed the death which they willingly desired.  
Take also another Epitaph of the same nature, but of one particular man, out of the same general History of Spain, who showed the like affection to the same 〈◊〉.  
I Berrucius Calaguritanus, have given my life 
* Diis Manibus.  to the God's Manes of Quintus Sertorius, the son of M. being persuaded in my conscience, I could not live any longer in the world after him, who had all things common with the 〈◊〉 Gods. Passenger who readest ●…his; farewell, and learn after my example, to be 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and faithful, which is acceptable unto the dead, who are disrobed of their humane bodies.  
I must not forget nor omit to relate in this 
Robert Gaguin. Histor. lib. 1.  place the true and sincere love of one Guyemanus 
Paul's Aemylius lib. 1.  a Frenchman, to his King and Sovereign, Childerick King of France, (Paulus Aemilius calls him 
Inventor. de Ser●…es lib. 1. cap. 1.  Vidomar, and not Guymanus,) this man seeing in a manner the whole Nobility wonderfully offended and ●…nraged against the King, (because abasing himself and his authority) he had ravished their wives and daughters, gave him counsel to give way to their violence, and to depart out of France, seeing ho could not resist them, promising him his true and faithful service and assistance in this his extremity, and to use his best endeavour to pacify the enraged Frenchmen, yea, and to procure them to send for him back again, whereupon Childerick fled from thence to Turinge to King Basin, his intimate friend and kinsman, taking with him one half of a piece of gold, which was broken between him and Guymanus who kept the other half, as a token, to the end to solicit his affairs, as earstly and secretly as he could. Guymanus managed his business so 〈◊〉, that be got the favour and grace of Gillon a Roman borne, (whom the French Nobility) upon the expulsion of Childerick had chosen to their King, and who then kept his Court at. Soisson, and still keeping his credit with the Nobility, became gracious, and in favour with both parties, and in the end the only man, by whose, advice Gillon was guided in tall his affairs, wherefore having so good an opportunity to effect his designs, he gave the new King counsel, and told him, that the only way to maintain his authority over his Subjects, and to keep them in due obedience, was to raise new and great Imposts and Taxations npon them. The Roman following this ill and unseasonable advice of Guymanus, (and being misinformed of the humours of the French,) laid great imposts and Taxations upon them, contrary to the custom of the Country; immediately the people began to murmur and complain in all parts of the Kingdom, and such as were most in favour with the common people, cried out that it was high time for them to shift for themselves, and to prevent these and the like future mischiefs, and those who had been chiefest and foremost in the banishment and expulsion of Childerick, were not the last that began to complain and cry out against Gillon their new King; and in the end, most of them were ready to rebel: Guymanus perceiving how the game wont, gave Gillon (in private) counsel, to cross and cut off their designs before they came to their full growth and head, and to put to death the principal Authors and ringleaders of that rebellion, followed his advice, and caused all that had a hand in the deposing of Childerick, to be put to death. Now by this means, Guymanus got two strings to his bow, first taking 〈◊〉 those who might hinder him to bring his design to pass, then by disposing the he●… of the rest, of the French, to de●… and 〈◊〉 after their true ancient and natural King: and withal, having made Gillon odious to the people, this faithful Subject laying hold upon so good 〈◊〉 occasion, showed unto the Frenchmen their lightness and inconstancy in deposing their natural King, and in making choice of a stranger far more insupportable than their King was; hereupon he ●…sily persuaded them to recall back Childerick; who having notice of their good will and affection, and withal receiving that half piece of gold which Guymanus had sent unto him, as a private to 〈◊〉 or sign, that (the coast being now clear, he should with all speed return, came back again unto France, and was received by the French for their lawful. King, compelling Gillon (by the aid of his true friend and Subject Guymanus) to give him place, and be content with his former Government and condition which he had over the Gauls at Soyssons.  
And as firm and constant, was that love of Zopyrus towards Dari●… King of Persia his Sovereign, who seeing him much perplexed in mind, because he could not take in the City of Babylon, which was revolted from under his obedience, 
Herodot. lib. 3. Thalia.  and knew how difficult it was to recover it 
justin. lib. 6. 1.  again, resolved nevertheless with the peril of his life, to reduce it again unto his Sovereign's subjection, therefore to effect his design, ●…hee cuts off his own nose, ears and lips, and withal, caused his servant towhip him so extremely, that he 〈◊〉 so mangled and dis●…gured, that few could hardly know him; then he went unto Darius (who was astonished at the fight of him) and acquainted him with his plot, which done, away he goes to Babylon, and there related unto the Citizens how cruelly Darius had used him, whom before them, he threateneth with great protestation, that he would be 〈◊〉 on him. These 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 seeing his pitiful and miserable estate, believed all that he said to be true, and knowing him to be very valiant, and a brave Soldier, made choice of him to be their Commander and General, which authority and place, 〈◊〉 so discretly and cunningly managed, that in a short ●…ime he brought his designs to effect, surrendering the City into the posse●…ion of Dar●…, who had 〈◊〉 the 〈◊〉 two 〈◊〉 years together, without hope of 〈◊〉 taking it.  
To conclude these examples, only one more, out of the 〈◊〉. 〈◊〉, where I observe the great love of the Israelites to King David, their 
2 Samuel 23. 16, 17.  Sovereign, as being ready to hazard their lives upon one word which he spoke, yea in a manner a thought. This King having his Army by the Cave of 〈◊〉, and the Army of the 〈◊〉 his enemies, in the valley of Reph●…, having also their Garrison in the Town of Bedlam, it happened, that David as it were longed for some of the water of Bedlam, when h●…e said, Oh that one would give me to drink of the well of Bedlam, which is by the gate; then three of his mighty men broke into the Host of the Philistines, and drew water out of the well of Bethlehem, that is by the gate, and took and brought it to David; but he would not drink thereof, but poured it down to the ground, because they had brought it with the peril of their lives, saying, O Lord be it far from me to do this, is not this the blood of those men, who went in jeopardy of their lives to bring it? Nevertheless the act was a most certain proof of the great love and affection which they bore unto their Sovereign.  
Wonderful strict and hard, is that obedience and duty the Turk exacteth from his Subjects, true love is volountary, not compelled, oderunt quem me●…uunt, among the Christian Nations, England and Spain honour and reverence their Sovereigns (as one writeth) above all others. What greater love and affection could be shown or exacted from Subjects, than that Queen Elizabeth, of happy and blessed memory, received from the hearty votes of her people, who could never be weary of viewing her person, and with general acclamations praying for her long life, in fields, streets, highways, which way soever she went, in time of her ' Pro gross and in other times; the like reciprocal love she returned them again, with, God bless you my good people every one, I will protect you all to the utmost of my power, etc. And blessed be God we now live under a most gracious, mild and merciful Prince as ever reigned in England, our dear and dread Sovereign King Charles, of whom, why may I not say as much as the Romans did of their Titus? that he was Humani generis delitiae: therefore by so much the more, deserve all disobedient Subjects, & laesae Majest 〈◊〉 is rei, to be severely punished, by how much his goodness and lenity is abused, but hereof enough. I will now draw toward a conclusion of this Discourse, heartily desiring unity and peace between all Christian Princes and their Subjects, and that Kings as Sovereign Lords, would have faith and truth in all their actions, with wisdom and Justice, for the well governing and guiding of their people, which is the greatest motive to cause their Subjects to love and honour them more and more, and with their goods, to be ready to lay down their lives for them, especially when they do regnare lenta manu, govern with mildness, a virtue so requisite in a Prince, that it doth comprehend and contain in itself all others virtues; as we read how that great King 〈◊〉, being wonderfully incensed against the Jews, upon the false accusation of wicked Haman, when Queen Hester came and made 
Hester 8. 14.  request unto him in the behalf of her people, it is written that God turned the King's heart into mercy and m●…ldnesse, and saved the lives of all the Jews, who were then at the very point to be put all to death, if this change of his rigour into mildness and mercy had not been, which is indeed an especial gift of God.  
And for Su●…jects, their love should be showed by the honour and respect which they bear to their Sovereigns. Therefore they should always be endued with patience, constancy, and diligence being borne to that estate or calling. Saint Peter willeth us, to submit ourselves unto 
1 Pet. 2. 13, 14.  all manner of Ordinance of man for the Lords sake, whether it be unto the Kng, as unto the Superior, or unto Governors, as unto them that are sent of him for the punishment of evil doers, and for the praise of them that do well: and Saint Paul saith, Give unto all men their duty, tribute to whom tribute is due, Custom to whom Custom is due, honour to whom honour: and to show that we ought 
Romans 13. 7.  to submit ourselves not only to good Kings and Princes, but also unto all in general whom God hath ordained over us; the same speaks 
Ibid. v. 5.  again in these words, Yoe must be subject not because of wrath only, but also for conscience sake: for even as a Prince is obliged to maintain by force of Arms, and by the Laws his Subjects persons, goods and families in safety, so the Subjects do owe by a reciprocal obligation to their Prince, Allegiance, sidelity, subjection, obedience, succour, all aid and help, that lieth in their power.  
They ought to consider, that he that angers his Prince, endangereth his own life, for saith Solomon, He that prov●…kesh the King to anger, sinneth 
Proverb. 20. 2.  against his own soul. Let us therefore love him with all our hearts, Let us fear him as we ought to do, that is to say, with a fear full of honour and respect, and let us study to continue in his favour & grace, then shall we fulfil and perform that which God requires of us, yea, commands 〈◊〉 to do in his holy Word. My 〈◊〉, (〈◊〉 〈◊〉) 
2 Sam. 15. 21.  〈◊〉 God, 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, and Saint 〈◊〉 the like, Honour all men, love brotherly fellowship, fear God, honour the King. Last of all, let us have 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, that we walk, via ●…na, join hearts and hands, and now or never imitate that good Subject Ittai the Gitti●…e, who (when David his Sovereign Lord and King, fled before Absalon, said unto him; As the Lord liveth, and as the Lord my King liveth, in what place my Lord the King shall be, whether in death or life, even there surely will thy servant be.   

THE SECOND BOOK, Of the Love and Duty, we all owe to our Native Country.  
I Am now to entreat of the second Duty which every man oweth to his native Country, and the Commonwealth; wherein he liveth and inhabiteth. But ere I proceed, let me expound the meaning of this word Patria or Country, because there are sundry opinions ●…oncerning this point; some affirm that, We ought to take this Universal world, for our true and N●…tive Country, of which opinion Socrates was, for on a time being demanded what Countryman he was, made this answer; The world is my Country, and of that opinion were 
Cicer. 〈◊〉. Tuku●….  many other, considering what small certainty there is in the dwelling of any man in any one place; and the often revolution, vicissitude, or alteration of things, and therefore would without naming any place in particular, take the wide world for it. All the earth is a virtuous man's proper dwelling place, as the Sea is of fishes. The Philosopher Anaxagoras, one the other 
Laer●…ius in vita 〈◊〉.  side being asked what Countryman he was, answered (pointing up to heav●…n with his finger) there is my Country, adding withal, (as Lactantius reporteth) that he was borne only to contemplate upon heaven his native Country, whither he was to return again. The Ecclesiastical History maketh mention of a man called Sanctus, who being brought before a Magistrate for the profession of the Christian Religion, and there examined what his name was, and of what Country, I am, said he, a Christian, that is my name, my Country, my parentage, and all 
Histor. Ecclesia. lib. 5.  in all. But I must, as Pliny adviseth every writer, cogitare titulum, remember the subject I am in particular to entreat of, without exspatiation; therefore here I must take a man's Country to be the place of his birth, not only in a Kingdom of Province whereon he depends, but also of a City, or any other particular place of Government, where it was the will of God he should be borne, yea, of the place where he personally dwelleth and inhabiteth with his wife children and family, and where he hath his goods and maintenance for the sustaining of his livelihood; for every man's Country (saith Cicero) is where he is best pleased 
Cic. Tuscul. l. 5.  to live, and hath his means about him according to the French Proverb, Là où sont nos biens, là est nostre pays, that is, where our substance and wealth are; there is our Country; which is most true: therefore every man is bound to defend and preserve it against all invasion, either of domestic or fo●…aine foes, even as his own life, wife, children, family, or what else is most dear unto him. So in brief I affi●…me the place of our abode, as well as of our birth to be rightly called our Co●…ntrie, which Country of ours ought not to have the last place (as some would) in our affection and love, but rather the first. (Art thou so foolish, saith Plato) as thou knowest not tha●… thy Country ought to 
Plato in Cri●…one.  be preferred before thy parents and kind●…d, and that thou oughtest to love it more than fath●…r or mother. The love of our Country & Commonwealth, said Theognis the Poet, Is and aught to be no less sacred, then that ●…hich is 〈◊〉 a father and his child. And 〈◊〉 saith, If a f●…er 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 
〈◊〉. 〈◊〉. lib 4.  his 〈◊〉, his o●…ne son should 〈◊〉 keep●…●…is ●…sell, but at the first diss●…ade him, if he prevailed 〈◊〉, t●…en to rebu●… hi●…, if he at 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, for 〈◊〉 is neither blood 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 (〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 
〈◊〉. 〈◊〉. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 re.  〈◊〉 place) 〈◊〉 unto us, 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to be 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to us then 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, it ought to be 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 with us 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 love of our 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 it 〈◊〉, all 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or affect, for in 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and if it be wasted 〈◊〉 destroyed, who 〈◊〉 have any pleasure in any thing that he 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉? When a 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉, (said Peric●…) He 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ease and plentifully, is withal ruined and undone, on 
〈◊〉 H. 〈◊〉. lib. 2.  the contrary when it flourisheth, the poorest man feels no discommodity but fareth the better: if a Country or Commonwealth be affrighted and terrified, (said Caesar,) there is not any one man therein, be he never so stout or wary of himself, but he will stumble and fall with the ruin thereof; but in the welfare and flourishing of the same, the meanest shall find wherewith to make himself merry: therefore we should be wanting in nothing that might redound to the honour land profit of our Country. Cato Vticensis well knew how to put 
Plutareb. in vila Catonis.  this in practice, and withal to certify so much unto Cicero, who thanking that grave and wise man, for that in the Senate he had defended Fabia Terentia Cicero's wife's sister, against P●…blius Clodius, who had accused her falsely, It is not unto me (said Cato) that you ought to give thanks, but rather, to the Commonwealth, because all that I do, say, or c●…unsell, is for the love of the common good of my Country.  
Agesilam said as much to the King of Persia, 
Idem in vita Agesil.  which King admiring the virtues of Agesilaus, after such time as the peace was concluded between him and the Spartans, he sent unto him and requested, that he might join friendship and amity with him, yea, and hospitality in living together: Agesilaus refused it, saying, That the love and amity of the Commonwealth of Sparta did both content and suffice him, and as long as it would last and endure, he had no need to contract with any other, for that was enough: and the greatest glory of praise and commendations that ever Antiquity gave or could give, to excellent men, and the bravest spirits, was for that which they did either for the preservation and defence of their Country, or else for the enlargement or extension of the bounds and limits thereof, and from this generous affection to their native Country, have proceeded so many glorious acts and noble achievements, that they have afforded matter to the most learned pens that ever wrote, to the admiration of all posterity. There was never yet any good and noble spirit, that did not love and affect his Country, Nature herself having impressed in the hearts of such as are well borne, a charitable love, and a most sweet and dear affection toward it; for men naturally love that air they first drew, and with which Nature first refreshed them at their first coming into the world. For hereby Nature hath a great interest in us, yea, we perceive her for●…e in plants, herbs, and other insensible things, as there are plants that cannot endure to be transported out of their own natural soil, as Balm will grow no where but in judaea or Palestina, (and there in the valley of jericho.) The Assy●…ian Appletree being transported will bear no fruit, the Palmtree loves no other, save her own territory, if it be carried from thence, it will bear no fruit, bewailing her transportation in her sterility the; Cinamomo tree, and the Indian Lavender cannot endure to be removed out of their own climate, which Seleucus by experience found to be true. If therefore these insensible things seem to sympathise with the soil wherein, by the Almighty they were first planted and had their being, how much more ought men endued with reason, love and affect the same, yea good Subjects and true to their Country (I speak not of fugitive Traitors, and our home-born Renegadoes) though they travelled to the world's end, would still have a longing homeward, and most true it is that Ovid saith,  

Nescio qua natale solum dulcedine cunctos  
Ducit, & immemores non finit esse sui.   
Sertorius a Roman borne, and one of the most 
Plutarch in vita Sert●…rii.  valiant and courageous Captains of his time, being constrained for saving of his life, to fly into Spain, where he was chosen to be General of an Army against his own Country, being then at mortal enmity with Spain, who having overcome the Romans in many battels conducted by Pompey and Metellus, and albeit all his affairs prospered so well, that he could not (in any man's judgement) wish to have better success, yet he offered the Romans his Countrymen, that if they would be pleased to accept of his service (although it were but as a private Soldier) he would serve them in that mean calling, rather than to govern and command a great Army of their enemies in a strange Country.  
Aristides going out of Athens, being exiled 
Idem in vita A●…istid.  thence into the I'll of Aegina, whither his ingrateful Citizens had prescribed him, in recompense of all the good service he had done toward their Commonwealth, loved his Country so well, that looking back towards Ath●…ns, he prayed heartily that his Country might never have need of his help, inferring withal that his banishment would then be so much the more tolerable unto him, if his native Country did flourish and prosper. 
Seneca de Bene. sic. lib. 6.   
Callistratus also going out of Athens, from whence he was banished, together with some other Citizens, & hearing one of his company wish, that the Athenians might be reduced to that extremity, as to be constrained to recall home again all those whom they had banished, he detested and abhorred his wicked and uncharitable wishes, as one unworthy the name of a good Patriot. 
Idem ibidem.   
Rutilius another Roman, loved also his Country so well, that when one told him, (when he lived in exile) there would be shortly Civil wars in his Country, and all that were banished should be called back, what hurt have I done unto thee my friend (said he) to wish me a more grievous & sorrowful return, than my departure was from Rome? for I had r●…ther that my Country should be ashamed to have banished me, then to see it to mourn and wail her miseries at my return.  
Cimon an Athenian Captain, being banished 
Plutarch. in vita Cimon.  his Country by his ingrateful fellow Citizens, did nevertheless help his Country, when he saw it in great danger; for when the Lacedæmonians made war against it, he came armed into the Camp of the Athenians purposely to aid them, and to fight against their enemies.  
Thrasibulus in like manner declared what affection 
Aemilius Probus in vita Thrasibuli.  he bore unto his Country, as by this answer may appear, which he made on a time unto one of his Countrymen, he advising with himself and some friends how to deliver the Athenians from the hands of those thirty Tyrants that did so sore oppress them, one asked him what benefit or thanks he should reap thereby, if thou freest them of their bondage, wherein they now are; I beseech the immortal Gods, (said Thrasibulus) that I may be able to yield Athens my dear Country, that duty and service which I am obliged to do, meaning hereby, a man cannot do too much for his Country, yea, in those times it was a very absurd thing, to bewail or weep for those who were slain, fight valiantly in their Country's defence, saying they did them great wrong, for that they died gloriously in their Country's defence.  
And certainly if our Country wherein we now live, be anyway injured or oppressed, by foreign enemies or domestic, and homebred Traitors and Rebels, the Commonwealth is in great hazard and danger, because the enemy laboureth to win to himself by Libels and leters, as many friends and abettors as he can; beside, we commonly (I hope not many) that will be very cold in affording their assistance, and these in the mean time, deserve to be banished and expelled their Country. As that good Emperor Antoninus did, who took away the stipends of certain Pensioners who did the Commonwealth no service or good at all, saying, there were no greater villains than those that did devour and consume the Commonwealth, and would never comfort and assist the same, as they were both by nature and conscience obliged; it shall not be amiss in this 
So 〈◊〉.  place to recite some certain verses of Sophocles, which may teach every man how to carry himself towards his Country, which ought to be preferred above all things: they are these in effect.  

He who doth's Country or his City see  
By casual means brought to extremity,  
And able for to yield the same relief;  
And will not do't, he's worse than a thief,  
And he that for base fear, or some reward  
His Country's good, will not at all regard,  
Is a false Traitor, a degenerate slave,  
Deserving a rope (worthily) to have  
Th'immortal Gods to witness here I call,  
When need and just occasion doth befall,  
My native soil to help, aid, and assist,  
And Rebels, or a foreign foe resist;  
In deed and word Ile doth best I can  
Without reward, or fear of any man.   
Yea, howsoever we had private quarrels, and suits, and discontentments with in ourselves, we ought to forget and forgive (at the arrival of a common enemy, or when a whole Army, or the Commonwealth li●…s at the stake and bleeding) all differences, emulation for place or command, private grudges and the like, as being no time to fall out among ourselves, so did those two brave Generals at the Battle of Lepanto, 
Herodot. lib. 8. Vran.  in the year 157●…. and so we read of Aristides and The●…cles, who though through a 
Plutarch. in vit. A●…stid.  secret kind of Envy, did 〈◊〉 contradict and oppose one another in all affairs, yet when Xerxes' King of Persia came with his huge Army consisting of a million of men, with a resolution to conquer all Greece. Aristides being a man wondrous careful of the welfare of his Country, casting away all former malice and envy departed the I'll of Aegina, whither he had been banished, and very boldly traversed the Army of the enemy, unto the Camp of Themistocles, who was elected Captain General of the Athénians, and being arrived in the night time athiss Tent, called him forth and spoke unto him in this wise. Themistocles, it is now or never high time (if we are both wise men, to leave this vain and idle jealousy and envy which we ever conceived one against another, and to take in hand some other course more honourable, and wholesome for all Greece, our common Country, thou in commanding, and performing the duty of a good Captain, and myself in counselling thee, and executing thy commaendements,) whereupon Themistocles, according to his innate goodness and accustomed virtue, especially out of the abundant love he bore to his native Country, answered in this wise. I am sorry Aristides that thou hast herein showed thyself an honester man than I myself, but since it falleth out so, that the honour is due to thee, for to have begun, and to have provoked me to so honest and praiseworthy a contention, for the good of our Country; I will do my best to overcome thee hereafter: in brief these two brave Commanders, being after this manner reconciled and reunited, equally resolved to defend their Country, gave the overthrow and vanquished Xerxes, and his mighty Army.  
Cretin and Hermias, in the like manner, two great Magnisian Lords, between whom there was great emulation for priority and the honour, of being the chief in the Commonwealth, laying willingly aside all ambition, in seeking for the prime places of Government, agreed together 
Plutarch in Tract. de Repub.  in time of necessity, when the Commonwealth should be in any danger, to be all one in their counsels and course for the safeguard thereof: it happened in the end that Magnesia was besieged by the enemy, & brought to a very narrow straight; Cretin considering, that if the least spark of emulation, should again revive and appear from the ashes of their buried quarrel, it would be the ruin of the City, repaired unto Hermias, and offered to surrender unto him the charge or place of Captain General of the City Army, and to depart out of it if he pleased, or else that the other would leave and abandon it for a time, and let him enjoy that place of command, least being both together, some jealousy might arise betwixt them, or by the subtle and crafty suggestion of some (as in all places) favouring the enemy's designs, they might again be unglued and divided. Hermias considoring how the case stood, and withal the honest heart of his opposite and corrival (who gave him his choice to stay in the City as chief General, or else to depart, and withal knowing that the other was more expert in military affairs, and consequently more fit to command the City than himself, presently surrendered all his authority unto Cretin, to the end that all things might succeed well, for the good of the Country.  
Themist●…, a Noble man of 〈◊〉, 〈◊〉 the 
Plutarch. Apo●… 〈◊〉.  Army of his Sovereign King Leonid●…, it being told him by some Oracle or other, with which he had consulted, that the Lacedæmonians should be ruinded as Ther●…; The King would have sent him back to Sparta, under colour of bringing back news of what should happen, but indeed lest he should be slain, together with the rest of his Soldiers; to this Themi●… would never consent, but with a courageous spirit and a bold countenance, told the King his Master, that he was sent thither to fight in defence of his Country, and, not to play the Post to carry ne●…es.  
Hippodamus another Lacedaemonian (being aged 
Idem ibidem.  fourscore years) being in a battle with King Archidamus, would never go to Sparta whither the King would have sent him with Agis, for to provide for the affairs of the Kingdom, affirming that he had rather there die honourably in the defence of Sparta, then go home, and therefore presently armed himself, and standing on the King's right hand, died there honourably, fight valiantly in the defence of his Country: hereby you may see, that there is nothing more preferred of a courageous heart than the safety of his Country, and Sovereign.  
〈◊〉 Captain General of the Lacedæmonians, being prepared a time to fight a battle against the Athenians, the Soothsayers (according to their superstition) having told him, (after they had viewed the entrailes of the beasts which were sacrificed) that their Army should obtain the victory, but that 〈◊〉 
Plutarch. in ●…it. Pelop.  should die, who having notice thereof, nothing moved or amazed hereat, though he assuredly beloeved it to be true, as if it had been the saying of an Ora●…, made this Heroic answer; Sparta depends not upon one man's life only, for when I am dead, my Country will not be one j●…t the ●…orse or the weaker; but if I should 〈◊〉, and refuse to fight in its defence, the honour and reputation of it would be much diminished and eclipsed. Now, having appointed one Cleander to succeed him in his charge and place, he fought a battle with his enemies; wherein he was slain, leaving nevertheless by that day's journeys, his Country victorious, to his perpetual honour and glory.  
Solon, albeit he was old and decrepit, understanding 
Pl●…tarch. in vita Solonis.  how Pisistratus intended to usurp the Government of the Commonwealth, whon none durst contradictor oppose him, out of an ardent zeal that he bore to his Country, plucked up his old courage, and going out of his house, (before his door) in the street cried out with a loud voice unto his fellow Citizens. Help me, help your Country, let us die valiantly, or else put them them to death, who would tyrannize over 〈◊〉.  
Thrasybul●… deserves no less commendation 
〈◊〉 Probus in vita 〈◊〉.  than Solon, who (when many men have delivered their Count●…ie from one man's tyranny) freed it from the violence and tyranny of many usurping oppressors, no less than thirty in number, who had banished some of the chiefest Citizens, murdered others, and confiscated the goods of others. This Thrasybulus was the first, and the only man, that began to make war against them, albeit he had not then above thirty men to assist him; hereupon the Tyrants began to mock and laugh to scorn him and his small Company; but he by little and little fortifying himself, in the end brought them all to ruin, and so delivered his Country from oppression.  
Marcus Brutus, one of the principal conspirators 
Plutarch. in vit. Caesaris & Bruti. App. Alex. lib. 2. cap. 16.  against Caesar, is highly commended by Plutarch, for that act of his in vindicating the City of Rome from an usurper, (who being a man naturally of a grave and mild behaviour) ventured his life to set his Country at liberty, whereupon he caused certain money or meddailes to be stamped and coined, which had on the one side a Cap or Bonnet between two poyniards, and under them these two words. Idibus Martii: that is the fifteenth day of March, on which day Caesar was slain, on the other side a man's head with these two capital leters M. B. for Marcus Brutus, by the Cap, he meant liberty, for after the death of Caesar, they carried publicly in Rome a Cap upon the point of a Lance, crying with a lo●…d voice, Libert●… populi Romani.  
Remarkable is the act of Ge●…itius Cipp●… 
Valeri●… Max. lib. 5. cap. 6.  Praetor of Rome, who chose willingly to banish himself, rather than to encroach upon the liberties of his Country, for as this Cippus passed through the brazen gate, which was called Raduusoulana, therehappened unto him a strange prodigious thing, which was two horns upon a sudden grew out of his forehead, whereupon he went presently, to consult with Oracles and Soothsayers, what it should mean, they told him that it signified, that he should bear supreme Authority over all the rest of his fellow Citizens, and that at his return back to Rome, he should be crowned King; this good Patriot or friend to his Country, determined with himself (to the end that should never come to pass,) never to return back to Rome, and therefore chose ever to live in a perpetual and a voluntary banishment, and to deprive himself of such great and eminent glory, rather than to rob his Country of its freedom and liberty.  
I will now conclude this point of Duty, with some notable examples of valiant men, who have willingly hazarded and laid down their lives for the preservation and safety of their Country, as briefly as I may.  
Attilius Regulus, a noble Roman, being in the 
Titus Livi●…. lib. 1. De●…. 1.  wars against Carthage taken prisoner, and 
Valerius Max. lib. 9 cap. 2.  there a long time detained, in the end taking his word and oath to return back, they sent 
Cicer: in Offic. lib. 3. & de Senect. 5.  him to Rome, as well to treat of a peace betwixt them and the Senate, as to make an exchange of such prisoners as had been taken betwixt 
Paul Oros lib. 4.  
Eutrop. lib. 2.  them on either side, but being come to Rome, 
Horat. lib. 3.  in stead of persuading them to peace, and to ex 
Od. 5.  change the prisoners, he counselled them to the contrary, (for regarding more the public good of his Country, than the love of his friends, kindred, and family, yea his own life,) He in open Senate persuaded them, not to accept of the conditions which the Carthagenians offered, all●…●…at it would prove unhappy & dishonourable to the Romans; and for his part, he was grown old, and ready to go to his grave, no way able to do his Country service, and how that the Carthaginians which were at Rome were young men, able, lusty, and many in number, who if they were sent back, would do great mischief to the Romans, and withal (the better to persuade the Senate to follow 
A. Gellius lib. 6. cap. 4.  his advice) he told them that the Carthaginians had poisoned him, with certain drugs which had a long or lingering operation, to the end he might live until such time as his men might be released, and that in a very short time the poison would come to his heart, and then there could be no other remedy for him but death; at last the Senate followed his advice; he then with a full resolution to keep his oath and promise, returned back to Carthage, whe●…e with most cruel tortures he ended his life. Some write that they cut off his eyes lids, and laid his face a whole day together in the Sun; others say he was enclosed naked within a great Pipe or Hogshead driven full of nails with the points inward, and so tumbled down an hill or rock, keeping him without sleep for many days together.  
Sous King of Lacedemonia, loved his Country 
Plutarch. in vita. Lycurg.  so well, that he preferred the good of it before his own life; this King upon a time being very straight besieged by the Clytorians in a very barren place, where no water was to be had, in the end, after he and his 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 endured extreme thirst, he offered unto 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to surrender unto them all the Countries and Territories, which formerly he had won from them, if so be that he and his people might drink of a fountain that was in their possession, and not far from that place; the Clytorians accepted of this offer, and so the parties were sworn, to perform the conditions agreed upon between them, whereupon Sous having assembled his men toget●…er, told them, that if there was any man among them, that would abstain from drinking of that water, he would surrender and give over unto him his Kingdom and Royal dignity. But there was not one that would abstain from drinking, so extreme great was their thirst; but they drunk all very greedily except King Sous, who coming last of all to the well, took a little of the water, and rubbed or cooled the outside of his mouth, in the presence of the Clytorians, but did not drink or swallow down one drop at all, by means whereof he would not perform the agreement formerly made to his enemies, saying he was not obliged so to do, because he had not drunk at all, and from thenceforth he continued his wars, to the great advantage and honour of his Country, which he preferred before his own life in so great an extremity.  
The which Lysimachus one of the successors of Alexander the Great could never do, for when he was surprised in such a strait in Thrace by King Dromic●…ates, and reduced to the like extremity as King Sous was, and being not able to endure thirst any longer, he yielded himself and his whole Army to the enemy, but when he had drunk, and saw himself prisoner, he cried out; Oh ye Gods, how am I now (being a King before) become and made a slave for a little pleasure, when Sous (for his abstinence) shall be honoured, and had in everlasting remembrance.  
There were two Carthaginian brothers, whose 
Sallust. de bello 〈◊〉. & Val. Max. lib. 5. cap. 5.  sur-names were Philaenes; the Inhabitants of Car●…hage and Cyreni, two nigh bordering Cities in Africa, were for a long time at great debate and variance, about the bounds or limits of their Territories, and in the end, to come to a peaceful accord, it was agreed between them, that certain young men should at one and the selfsame hour, set out or part, some from Carthage and the others from Cyrene, and that the one company should go or run towards the other, and in that very same place where they should meet, there should be the confines or limits of either's Territory, whereupon those two brothers of Carthage (not performing the Articles which were agreed upon, between them and the Cyrenians, departed out of their City before the hour appointed, purposely to extend their limits, and to get ground of the other, but the Syrenians having notice of this fraud, they complained of their wrong, and would not have that place to be the limit, unless these two brethren would be contented to be buried both alive in that place, where they would have their City bounds to be, which they imagined would never be accepted of by these young men; but in brief, these brothers presented themselves unto the Cyrenians, and were presently 〈◊〉 alive in the same place, such love they bore to their Country and the enlargement of the bounds thereof.  
Sc●… having taken the City of 〈◊〉 condemned all the Inhabitants thereof, to die by the sword, his host where he lay only excepted; but he 〈◊〉 true lover of his Country, ●…nne in among therest of his fellow Citizens, whom by numbers the Soldiers were hewing in pieces, and cried with a loud voice, It will not please God that I should be beholding for my life unto him, that murders all the rest of my Country-m●…n; hereupon he lost his life among the rest.  
〈◊〉 that stout Roman Knight, being 
Plutarch. in vit. Camilli.  (it seems) justly accused for some great 〈◊〉 he 〈◊〉 committed, and having received the sen●… of d●…h, ●…ned his face towards the 〈◊〉 (which he could from that place see, and from which he had beaten away the enemy, that had besieged it) with the great danger and peril of his life, and so saved his City and Co●…ie,) and with a loud voice cried out, and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the Judges (pointing at the Capitol with his finger in this manner.) How can you (my Lords) have the hearts to condemn 〈◊〉? how can you in your consciences do him hurt 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to fore most willingly, and of his 〈◊〉 accord, would have died for you, who exposed his life to save yours, who did hazard it so often in the defence of his Country and Commonwealth; that Capitol will tell you more news, those walls will speak for me; this pitiful oration so struck the hearts of the Judges, that they could not see him die, but set him free and at liberty, in regard of his good service formerly done, for the good and honour of his Country.  
I might allege many more rare examples out of Antique H●…tories for this purpose, as of those brothers, the Horatij and Curiatij, in Livy, with those glorious acts of Pompey, Metelius, Cursius, and infinite others, as well Latins as Grecians: but I willingly pass them over, & cometo examples nearer our own times, which perhaps (as near neighbours or not far dwellers) will become more familiar and please better.  
I will begin with a notable example of a 
Historia general, de Spania par L. de Mayerna.  Spaniard, Alphonso Perez de Gus●…n, a Castilian Knight, and he that gave the first beginning to the illustrious Family of the Duke of Medina Sidonia in Spain, worthy immortal praise, for having preferred the welfare of his Country, his duty and fidelity to his King, before the life of his only son: it was thus, Don Sanchez the 4. of that name, King of Castille, having recovered Tariffa from the Moors, (who in those days possessed a great part of Spain,) being a very strong place, and of great importance, also a frontier Town, made this Knight Governor of the same, who was within a while after besieged by Don john King Sanchez his own brother, (who had conceived some great indignation against him) with a great Army, which Aben jacob King of the Moors (who was then King of Granada) had given him unto which he was fled, upon purpose to annoy and vex his bother. It so fell out, that Don Alphonso Peres de Guzman's son was taken prisoner by the Moors, by whose means Don john hoped to take Tariffa, which 〈◊〉 could not obtain by force of arms, and therefore to that end and purpose, having gotten assurance to parley with Don Alphonso, he brought this young man hard to or by the walls of Tariffa, his father, Don Alphonso being within the Town, and upon the battlements of the wall, whom Don john threatened that if he would not yield and surrenderup the Town unto him, he would presently cut off his son's head; unto whom Don Alphonso made this answer; the Town is the Kings, who hath appointed me to keep and defend it, the which I will do for mine honour and reputations' sake, and the good of my Country, and as for my son, he is in your power, you may do with him what you please, and because you shall not imagine, that I will prefer the love of my son, to that of my King and Country, there is a sword for you to strike off his head, & herewith threw his sword unto him from the battlements of the wall, and then returned back unto his house, Don john being wonderfully enraged against him, caused presently this poor innocent child to be beheaded: when the Soldiers that were within the Town saw that cruel and bloody spectacle, they made a great shout and a cry, which when Don Alphonso (who was then at dinner with Dona Maria de Alphonso de Carvel his wise) heard, imagining that the Moors had assaulted the Town, ran presently to the walls, and perceiving that the noise and stir was, because that his son was executed, if it be no other thing, said he, it is no matter, be you careful and look well to your charge, and then without making any show of outward sorrow, returned back to his house, and sat down again at the Table with his Lady, not speaking one word of the matter unto her. The Moors and their Captain Don john, considering with what a resolute Soldier they had to deal, presently raised the siege, and returned back with great shame and confusion, to the immortal honour of that stout and g●…ous Knight, who was so faithful and true to his King and Country.  
The Town of Calais in France, being besieged 
Histoire de 〈◊〉  by King Edward the third, in the year 1346. the Inhabitants thereof were reduced to such extremity, by long continuance of the siege, which endured well ●…igh a whole year, that they were constrained (being not able to hold out any longer) to yield the Town and themselves to King Ed●…rds mercy, who being wonderfully incensed against them, had formerly sworn to put them all to the sword, not sparing any one, in the end he was pleased to reduce the number of those who should die only to 〈◊〉, and those the chiefest of the Townsmen, to expiate, or in part to save his oath. This commandment being brought to the Townehall, where those miserable Townsmen were gathered together by the King's permission, to give their friends and Country the las●… farewell, who beholding one another with heavy and dejected countenances (the spirits and blood, through the fear of death being 〈◊〉 to the heart) and standing all mute, one of the chiefest amongst them, 〈◊〉 name was, 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Saint Pierre, (or Eustache of Saint 〈◊〉) broke that pitiful silence, speaking cheerfully in this 〈◊〉: 〈◊〉 I so often hazarded my life for the good of my Country; and shall I 〈◊〉 fear to sacrifice it for the last victim●…? I will therefore yield my head (〈◊〉 fellow countrymen) 〈◊〉 King Edward of England, being not 〈◊〉 to live any longer, to the damage of my thrice 〈◊〉 Country; he uttered those words, without any tears, or the least show of the fear of death, but with such a courageous countenance and manly voice, that he persuaded the whole multitude to do the like: then one Ieand' Air was the next that seconded him, and afterwards all the company cried out. Allons, allons, à la mort, c'est le dernier devoir quenous devons render à la nostre pau●…re Patrie. Let us go, let us go to our death, it is the last duty that we owe to our poor Country. Now among all the whole multitude that offered their heads willingly unto King Edward to save his oath, only six were bound and led away ro execution; but in the mean time the Queen of England being then and there present, seeing them all thus manacled, and by the Executioner led away to the place where they should suffer, fell a weeping, and desired the King to take some compassion upon them, and to give them their lives, saying, that it was great pity to put to death men of such a resolution, and magnanimous fidelity, the King forthwith granted her request, and moreover, albeit that the King had planted and established in 〈◊〉 a new Colony, he gave those men leave still to continue and dwell in the Town, imagining that they would be as true and faithful to him their deliverer, as they had been lately to their own King and Country.  
One john Pecolat a Citizen of Geneva performed 
Le Citad. Genu. en laresp. au Caval. Savoy.  a notable act to maintain the liberty of his Country. This man being in Savoy, at such time as Charles the third of that name, and the ninth Duke of Savoy made wars against Geneva, in the year of our Lord 1518. to debar them of their ancient liberties,, was by the instigation, and prosecution of the Savoyans put upon the rack, to make him confess something that was to the hurt and prejudice of his Country, the which he endured very constantly for the space of three hours, albeit he was left once upon the rack, all the while the tormentors were at dinner, who in the end, seeing that he would not abuse his tongue in relating any thing against his Country, caused a Barber to be sent for, to shave off the hair of his head and beard, because they imagined, that he was charmed, in the mean time (still unwilling to confess or say any thing, that might endamage or injure his Country, the Commonwealth of Geneva,) upon a sudden he snatched the razor out of the Barber's hand, and with a courageous resolution cut out his own tongue therewith, which his persecutors would have enforced to lie, against the liberty and privileges of his native Country, whose memory is to this day, and ever shall be had in perpetual honour in that famous City.  
Let us on the contrary, take a view of the lamentable events and miserable ends of those who have proved Rebels to their King and Country, and how they have been rewarded, yea, by those who did employ and set them on work, who rewarding them for the most part, according to their demerits, have hated them after ever to the death, and all in general have branded with the name of Traitors, disdaining their base disloyalty, to the disgrace and shame of their posterity, who many times though they may redeem their credit with men, they hardly can escape the just judgement of God heavily falling upon themselves and their issue: for confirmation hereof I will produce some notable examples.  
Philip King of Macedon kn●… very well how to use and handle a wicked Traitor, for albeit sometimes he made use of such vipers, yet hated them unto death, for when one 〈◊〉 an Olynthian (by whose aid and treachery, he had taken the Town of Olynthia,) complained unto him, how the 〈◊〉 continually reviled him, still upbraiding and calling him Traitor, for his treachery in betraying his native Country: Philip made him this witty and fatyricall answer: The 〈◊〉 (quoth he) are such f●…s and dolts, that they 〈◊〉 call any thing, but by its own name. Therefore 〈◊〉 all Traitors consider that those great Princes who employ them, do 〈◊〉 the same affection towards them (during the time they are to make use of them) as 〈◊〉 to the gall and poison of some v●…ous beasts; when they 
Plutareh. in vita Romuli.  stand in need of them, for they are very glad to find them out, wheresoever they may become by, to serve their turn, when they have occasion to use them, but when they have by their help and means, obtained that which they wished for, they hate and detest the malice and venom of such beasts, and commonly kill them. So Treason is acceptable to great personages, when hereby they have obtained that which they sought for and desired, as the Emperor Augustus once said unto Rhymitalces King of Thrace, who had forsaken and abandoned Marc. Antony, and made his brags that he had joined and associated him unto Augustus 
Plutar●…. ●…thêgs.  who made wars against him. I love (said he) the Treason, but I hate the Traitor.  
Darius' King of Persia, caused his own son Ariobarz●… to be beheaded, because he sought to betray his Army unto Alexander the great.  
Agesilaus King of Lacedemonia, having notice that Pausanias his son, had received five hundred talents in gold of King Xerxes, to betray Sparta into his hands, pursued him unto a certain Temple whither he was fled to save his life, where the King caused the doors of the Temple to be stopped and blocked, withal, appointing a strong stone wall to be made round about it, leaving him there to die most miserably with hunger and thirst, whose body afterwards was cast forth unto dogs, not vouchsafing to give him a grave, so much did he detest and abhor this Traitor (though his own son) who would have betrayed his native Country.  
junius 〈◊〉, the first Consul of Rome, 
Tit. Livius lib. 2.  caused his two sons Titus and Tiberius to be 
Decad. 5.  
Dionys. Halicar. lib. 5.  beheaded, because they conspired to let the Tarquin's into Rome, from whence they had been formely banished, by reason of their Tyranny and horrible vices.  
〈◊〉 a Senator of Rome did likewise kill his own son, because he had been a partaker in the confpiration of Catili●…, and had forsaken Rome to take part with Catiline, a notorious 
Plutarch. in vita val. Publ. Sallust. in Bello Catiline  Traitor to his Country, saying, Oh wicked and base Traitor, it was not for Catiline that I begat thee, but for Rome, thy native Country. 
Flavius vopiscus in Aurel.   
The Emperor Anrelius, having made use of one Heraclemon, a wicked Traitor who betrayed his own native Country unto him, permitted one to kill him, and then wrote unto Mallius Chilo, in this manner, I have given leave to one to kill him, by whose means I took the town of Thyane, for I could not endure the Traitor, and therefore I have willingly consented that my Soldiers should dispatch him out of the way; for seeing he had no pity of his Country, he would (it is like) not keep his faith and be true to me.  
The Emperor Maximinus gave thanks to 
jul. Capitolinus in Maximin.  one Macedonius, for having killed Tyc●…, who strove with him about the Empire, but afterwards frowned upon him, as upon a Traitor, and in the end, caused him to be slain. 
Inventoire de l'Histoire 〈◊〉 France, par 1 de Scrres.   
Now as concerning the rewards of Traitors; I will produce unto you one notable example, put in practice by Clovis the first of that name, and the fifth King of France. This King had suborned two Servingmen, to betray their Lord and Master unto him promising to bestow upon each of them a golden Corselet. Afterward by their means, having taken their Master (whom he supposed to have conspired against him, and had caused to be put to death) these Traitors demanded their reward of Clovis, who sent each of them a Corcelet of iron, but when they complained of the King, he sent for, and spoke unto them in this manner: You have judged better than myself, for I have not done well, in giving unto you Corselets of Iron, a reward or a present indeed fit for honest men, but you have deserved an halter, a collar worthy and well beseeming false Traitors: and hereupon presently commanded them to be hanged.  
But among many examples, I will relate unto you two which are very remarkable, wherein as in a glass you may behold the just judgement of God, against wicked and perfidious parricides or Traitors to their Country, the like whereof, a man shall ever hardly hear of, or read in any author.  
The first is of a Spaniard named julian Earl 
●…istoria general. de 〈◊〉 lib. 5.  of Ceuta, who being wonderfully enraged against Roderick his natural Sovereign (who had ravished his daughter called Cava,) was the cause, ●…ot only of the King's death, but also of the utter ruin of all his Country, a perfidious an act as can be imagined, and as extreme a vengeance as can be spoken of. But behold the reward, this wicked man received for his pains. The Moors having by his means conquered almost all Spain, which they had in quiet possession, allowing well of the treason, (but hating and utterly abhorring the Traitor,) first of all they laid violent hands upon this cursed Earl, and reproved his disloyalty, and after having confiscated and ceased upon all his lands and goods, they put him into a close prison, where he died most miserably, having first seen his wife Faldrina stoned to death, and his son thrown down from the top of an high Tower in the town of C●…uta Sanches a Spanish Historiographer relates his History, and end something otherwise, for he faith, that after the death of King Roderick, (who was slain in a Battle against the Moors,) they laid hands on this julian, and after that they had reviled him for his perfidious treachery, they hewed him to pieces in the fields, whereby you may see how justly he was rewarded 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 against his Country.  
I might for a little more content and satisfaction to the Reader, insert in this place the Epitaph of this Roderick, who was the thirtieth and 〈◊〉 King of the Goths, which is as yet to 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in the town of Visena in ●…gall, in detestation of the perpetual 〈◊〉 of that per●…ous julian, but fearing to be over-tedious, I pass it over.  
The other example is of him, who by wicked treachery betrayed the I'll of Rhodes, unto Sultan Soliman, the eleventh-Emperour of the Turks Anno 1522. and in the month of December, Solyman had promised to bestow upon the Traitor in recompense of his disloyalty, one of his daughters in marriage, together with an exceeding rich dowry, after the taking 
Meditat H slor, 〈◊〉. Ca●…rarii.  or conquest of the Island, this Traitor demanded of Soliman the performance of his promise, whereupon the Turk caused his daughter to be brought forth in a most magnificent pomp, according to her state and dignity, and gave her to him in marriage, which made this wicked Traitor to be so ravished with joy, that he knew not what to do, or how to behave himself, but all his mirth and joy lasted but a small while, for Solyman turning towards him spoke unto him in this manner. Thou seest (said he) how that I am a man of my word, but yet in regard thou art a Christian, and that my daughter and thy wife, is a Mahumetane by birth, and profession of Religion, you cannot live in peace and a●…ity together, and withal I cannot love my son in law, except he be a Musulman within and without, neither is it enough that thou dost abjure Christianity (as many of thy sect do) in hope of gain or profit, therefore thou must be stripped of thy baptised and uncircumcised skin, and having spoken these words, he commanded this, his pretended son in law to be ●…yed, and afterward to be laid down upon a bed of salt, commanding his servants (that if some small deal of Mahumetisme would possess him in stead of Christianisme,) they then should bring his spouse (and not till then) unto his bed to lie with him, this was the reward this wretched Traitor received for his disloyalty.  
I will conclude this Discourse of men Traitors, with the treasons of some women against their Country, beginning first with two maidens, and a married wife, who sped no better in their reward then the for●…er.  
The first was Tarpeia the daughter of Spurius 
T. L●…vius lib. 6. Decad. 1.  Tarpeius, who commanded the Capitol in 
Dyonis. 〈◊〉. lib. 1. Autiquit. Plutarch. in vita Romu●….  in Rome, this maiden gave entrance to the Soldiers of Tatius, Captain General of the Sabines, who had corrupted her with money, for she had promised him, when she went forth for water, to leave the door open for his Soldiers to enter in, upon condition, that they should give unto her all the golden bracelets, rings, and jewels they wore upon their left arms, hands, and wrists, who in stead of Jewels, cast upon her their Bucklers and Targets, which they bore in their said left hands, deceiving her by that means of her purpose and expectation, hereby she was pressed to death with the weight of the shields of those that entered the Capitol.  
The other was a Grecian maid whose name 
Meditat. Histop. 10. 〈◊〉.  was Daemonica, who was rewarded much like the other, for Brennus' King of the Gauls, having pillaged all Asia, and besieged the town o●… Ephesus, this maid falling in love with Brennus, promised to betray the town unto him, upon condition, that all the Gauls should deliver unto her for a recompense, all the golden chains and bracelets they had, the which he promised her she should have, now having taken the town by her means, he commanded his Soldiers to cast into the maid's lap, all the golden chains and bracelets which they carried about them, th●… which (in obedience of their King and General) they did, where she with the very wight of the gold, was pressed to death.  
The last example is of Romilda the wife of 
10. Aventin. lib. 3. de Annal. 〈◊〉.  Gisulph●…, Duke of Tivoli, who beholding Cacan King of Scythia marching round about the walls of Modena, which he then besieged, affected him so well, that she was upon the sudden surprised and taken with his love, insomuch, that she sent unto him a messenger who should signify, that if he would marry her, she would deliver the City unto him, together withal the treasure Gisulphus her husband had, who was then but lately slain at the first arrival of the Scythians in that place; Gacan being very desirous of the victory, accepted of the condition, and hereupon she caused the ports to be opened, and so received him into the town, which he and his men afteward pi●…laged, and b●…ought the Inhabitants into a miserable servitude. Afterward Cacan feigning to be willing and ready to perform his promise and vow made unto her, lay with her one night, and used and entreated her as his wife. But the next morning (because he would have all the world to know, that he hated and detest her treason,) he caused her to be buried alive in the midst of his Camp, telling her that such an husband became her best, who th●…ough her inordinate love, or rather lust, had betrayed her Country.  
Hereby you may see and have heard, how hateful treason and a Traitor, is to God and man, insomuch, as the most barbarous nations of the world, have detested and grievously punished the same, yet as an ancient writer saith, men ought to be more wary in pre●…enting the designs of Traitors, then in consulting by what manner of torment they should suffer death: and saith another, There is not a better or sweeter perfume, than the savour of the dead body of a Traitor, nor anything more infectious, or pestiferous than his life.  
But to draw towards a conclusion, since obedience to our King is so pleasing to God, so necessary for the preservation of our Country, ourselves, wives and children, and estates let us with One heart, walk one way, 〈◊〉 divide ourselves, like Sampsons' Foxes, to 〈◊〉 the whole Land, nor it is not enough, to contribute coldly and unwillingly in times of danger, but freely and cheerfully, and if need be with the hazard of our lives, to open our purses, with the widest, for the common good; which necessary lesson, if the greeks had learned at what time the great mistress of the East, their City Constantinople was besieged by Mahomet the first, they had been their own men, even to this day, for the City being taken, there was such a mass of money and Trea●… therein, that the Infidels were amazed thereat, enough to have furnished the City with men and munition, repaired the battered walls and works, and to have made it defensible against any enemy whosoever, but, Tanquam sacrum attingere nolebant, every man made his money his Idol, they would not part hardly with a penny, so that to them it may be said, as the Prophet said to the Jews; Oh Israel thou hast destroyed thyself, but surely God gave them not the hearts, they lying at that time wallowing in sloth, and all manner of sensuality. Let us therefore be warned, and earnestly entreat of the Lord of Hosts, that he would give unto us understanding hearts, able hands, peace in these our days, unanimity in our resolutions, and constancy in our loves, and loyalty to our most dread Sovereign King Charles, and to our dear nursing mother, this famous and most flourishing Country of England.  
FINIS.