A DESCRIPTION OF S'HERTOGENBOSH: Written in the year 1540, by Simon Pelgrom of SH' hertogenbosh, in his life time Prior and Provincial of the Order of Guilhelmines.  
Together with The principal points and passages concerning the last Siege.  
ALSO, A Register from day to day, of that which hath happened, aswell without as within the Town, from the first beginning until the latter end of the said Siege.  
Translated out of the Dutch Tongue, and printed according to the Original.  
LONDON, Printed for Nicholas Bourne, dwelling at the South entrance of the Royal Exchange 1629.   

A Description of S'hertogenbosh: Written in the Year 1540  
Together with a Register of all the principal passages in the late siege of the said Town, 1629.  
Unto the Worthy, Worshipful, and Discreet Lords, Chief Baily, Presidext, Sheriffs, and Counsellors of the renowned Town of S'hertogenbosh.  
THe place whereupon the Town of S'hertogenbosh is built, hath heretofore (according to the common presumption) been a Boscage or Wood, kept for the Hunting of the Dukes of Brabant; of this Boscage the Town hath the name of S'hertogenbosh.  
This Boscage was an even and recreative place, fruitful of wild Deer, as of Hearts, Hinds, Wild Boars, Wolves, Hares, Rabbits, and such like: wherein were many little water-brookes, Orchards, and Herbs.  
In this Boscage the Duke had made a Cottage, aswell for his Dogs and Horses, when he went a hunting, as also for men to be at shelter from the rain and great heat. This same Cottage was after this named the Hanse-wint, or in English the Grayhound, and is yet upon the Marketplace.  
The Hunters of the Duke had made a Ditch round about this Hutte, for to be assured against the forces of their Enemies; because there was a great difference risen between them and the Hunters of the Count of Meghen, for that they were come under the jurisdiction of the said Count, following not only their Dogs that were astray, but also by reason of the great heat, their Game. Wherefore they were very much beaten and hurt by the Count's Hunters, for daring to hunt in another's Hunting place. The Duke took this very ill so that he forced those of Meghen to hang those dead Dogs by the hinder legs on high, and for reparation of their fault, to cover them with Corne.  
The place of this Boscage was fit for many uses, having in the midst a common River, where resorted (as if it had been a common Haven) many men, there to receive their goods which they had bought.  
The Kempenlanders, Peelanders, and their neighbours, were wont to bring their Bees towards the farthest dominions of Gelder, for that that Land hath a sweet air, and was very fruitful of Corn, Blossoms, Ypes, or Brooms blossoms, being very good food for the Bees. This Nation bringing over their Bees in Hives, and trading with the Gelder's Nation for Corne. Beanes, Pease, Cheese, and such like Wares, they have chosen this place as the fittest, where they came in great number with their Boars, and Carres: for to receive those Wares they daily bought. And it happened then that this place, by reason of the great trading more and more did increase, wherefore many came thither.  
There were then no public Taverns for to lodge the journeying Traveler, so that they were forced to lie in the Field, unless they would go to the next Villages and Houses. A certain Traveller, being weary of this misery, was minded there to build, and was the first that builded there a Public Tavern, near the old Diese, about the Geertruyde-Bridge, who was, by reason of the many Guests, and good trading, in a short time grown very rich: which was no wonder, because it was then a peaceable time, and the people came there in great number, as well from the Gelder quarters, principally from Bonuneler, Tielerweert, Maes, and Wael, as also out of the quarters of Brabant, namely, from Brussels, Loven, Antwerp, Kempenland, and out of all the Towns and places situated there round about, for to trade with their Merchandise in this place.  
By reason of this good success and welfare of this Vintner, (like men being of nature artificers) there came more yet to build their dwelling-places there: so that there were built many Houses. These than were the first lucky beginners of the Town to come.  
Even as those that prosper are hated, misery only is freed, so the prosperity of this people hath been hated by the Burghers of Heusden, because this Trading and Merchandise was wont to be with them. These Burghers then fearing that such a lucky beginning, and great multiplication of these new builders should do them not small, but very great hindrance, and that their Town, for want of men and trading, would come to nothing: therefore they thought how to prevent it, and by what means they might best hinder it. After they had well meditated these businesses, and judging, that their longer staying would be but a hindrance unto them, they concluded together to fall upon these new Builders, and caused them to departed: who having gotten fit opportunity, they did fall very secretly upon them, caused them to departed out of the place, and beat down their new Buildings to the very ground, for to hinder these speedy beginnings; which otherwise would have put down all the trading of their Town.  
This attempt was to no purpose against the Fortune: for that the people did not forsake this place by reason of the said damage and hindrance, but shortly after this returned thither again, and did build again new houses in the old Field: for which the jealousy of the Burghers of Heusden did increase more and more, and would not leave them at quiet, but fell for the second time again upon them, destroying their houses, and caused them to retire a great way off that place, to the end that their last intent should not be greater than the first.  
These people being twice destroyed and ruined by the Burghers of Heusden, they were forced to be stragglers here and there, which did grieve them much, having no means to resist them; yet notwithstanding continued still in their opinions, and did look always for a better occasion, having in mind the saying of the Poet Virgil:  O passi graviora dabit Deus his quoque finem. 
On friends: let greater perrits passed  
Give greater Courage now at last;  
And God (who doth all what he wills)  
Will set a period to these ills.  
And expecting after darkness the light, were minded to seek other help and assistance: They made their complaints unto the Duke of Brabant, who (they knew) would assist those that were in misery; and manifested also their cause unto the Burghers of the Brabandish head Towns, and did together require help and assistance, that they might be assured against the forces of those of Heusden, and to be restored in their former place, that they might build up again their pillaged and ruined Houses.  
In this they were not deceived of their hope, because these Brabandish Burghers, having regard unto their request, condescended unto them, and promised truly to help and assist them, so that hereafter they should not any more be hindered of their good intent.  
The Illustrious Prince alleged this reason in the common Assembly, That he was willing to provide unto the same for time to come, but that he was now much troubled himself with Wars, and great affairs, and therefore did put the said cause to the disposition of the Brabandish Burghers.  
The three chief Towns of Braband, namely, Loven, Brussels, and Antwerp, took this Cause in good earnest upon them, and considering well of it, they found fit to build there the fourth chief Town, to the end that the Brabanders forces might lie upon 4. Pillars.  
By the command of the Prince, they began there to make there three Ports or Cates in a round, which were ended in a short time: each chief Town builded one Gate. Those of Loven about the Market place, near the great Hospital, which is now the Prison-gate. Those of Brussels, the Crosse-gate, which remains still in Orten-street. Those of Antwerp the Vrouwe-port, or Gate, about the Wild Boar, which in the augmentation of the Town, was taken away by the Burghers.  
The Forces were made in favour of these new Inhabitants, because that their Enemies and haters should no more in time come to spoil nor ruin their building, nor to make them retire any more.  
These chief Towns were specially minded hereunto, to the end that the Gelder's might be forced to stay in their Dominions▪ for that the Brabanders most times were forced to maintain Wars against them, about whose frontiers, the Towns, Villages, Houses, and goods of the Brabanders are situated, which were still very much spoiled and ruined by this Gelder Nation.  
These than have been the beginnings of the new Town, and the first foundations.  
When these Gates, in manner aforesaid, were built so freely, there came so great a quantity of people to build and dwell therein as if under the foundations there had been Mines of Silver.  
These new Inhabitants taking anew their courage, which they had lost by reason of the pillaging and destroying of those of Heusden▪ they builded again new buildings, setting the Houses one close to the other, and the number of the same increased daily more and more, and so fast, that they at last, with the assistance of the Prince, did make a Wall and Ditch round about the Town, and strengthened it with a stone wall, so that they were able to resist their enemies.  
As the number of the coming Strangers did very much increase, and the Town prospered, so they began to build other new buildings.  
The Prince's Court was the principal, and most costly builded, situated over against the Butcher's Hall, where there is now the Tavern called the Swan.  
The House Rood enburgh is also built by the Commonwealth for the gracing of the new Town, and it was a great while the Treasure-house of the town.  
The Town-house was built as well at the charges of the Prince, as also of the Burghers.  
The Burghers of S'hertogenbosh being come in such a wished state, began to statute Laws, and to make a Magistrate, to bring the River through the Town, to make new streets and ways, and to make much one of another, wherefore they have gotten great Liberties of their Prince, as by the Letters thereof more at large may appear.  
All those that come to dwell there, although they were broken and Bankrupts, they got liberty of the Prince, wherefore it did happen, that there came many out of the Land of Cleefe, Guilicker-land, Gelderland, and out of other neighbour places, to take their residence there.  
This said Province yields very strong and bold Women, so that these Strangers brought with them very bold Women, which for the most part had command over their Husbands, and did make away the common goods in despite of their Husbands: Therefore the Prince gave unto this Town this Law, That the Women without their Husbands may not dispose of any of their goods: but that the Husband, without the knowledge of the Woman, hath full power to sell and dispose of their goods.  
There were not as yet any Churches built in the new town, but the Orten-Church, situated near the Diese, hath been a great while the Parish Church, which was long before built by a Gentleman, who being strayed by the tempest of the Sea, landed there first of all; for that the Sea was wont to come in that place, as appeareth by the name of that place, called Ooort-duyven.  
There were also no Cloifters in the town, the Friars were the first that began to build there, and builded a small dwelling house; after this they took a bigger place near the Prince's Court, and enlarged their place of residence, after the manner of Cellekins, and they have also built a Church, which the Burghers have used a great while for their Parish Church They were not yet tied to any public promises.  
Shortly after this there came many men and women from several Regions in the same town, after beginning of this town, (as hereafter more at large shall be declared) they have built there their Houses and Cloisters.  
The Town was in a short time so increased by reason of the loving and friendly Burghers, that every one thought it should have been a second Rome, and were forced because of the multitude of men, to enlarge the Town, and make it bigger, that the multitude of the Burghers might the better dwell therein.  
In the year 1300, when the augmentation of the town was intended to be enlarged, the said town was therein assisted by the Prince, and by the Province of Brabant. The Burghers did make new Steeples in the precinct, with new Gates, they did also make new and wide ditches, and new Walls, and ordained new Streets to be made; they brought the River the Dommel, and the Aa in several places thorough the Town, and provided further all that which was needful for the augmentation of the Town.  
This new town was presently multiplied with new Burghers, which according to their state, builded each for their commodity new houses: and did so increase in riches, as if they had got to the riches of Croesus; by which means it happened, that there were built so many fair and costly Cloisters, holy Houses, and costly buildings, so that the most part of the new town, is built with Cloisters, Churches, Chapels, and such like Houses.  
In the year 1380. there were laid the foundation of the great and renowned Church called St. John's Church, the ground-place of which, together with the streets situated there round about, from the prisonergate to the Hintemer-gate, is called the Hintemer saint, because the said place heretofore hath appertained under the village Hintem.  
About that time there were built several public and private Houses, as holy Churches, Hospitals, and diverse Houses for the poor, which daily increased by reason of the riches of the Burghers, and their liberality. Which things several to declare, should be too long, and needless.  
These Burghers are, by reason of their civil carriage, wisdom, and courtesy, come in great favour unto every one, being faithful to every one and did deceive no body, neither were chargeable unto any: Their friends were welcome unto them, but they did resist their enemies: for as the unquiet and unpeaceable Gelder Nation, when they were about the building of S'hertogenbosh, did spoil the Brabandish Towns and Villages, setting on fire their Country-houses, destroying their Lands, taking away their Horses and Beasts, and ruining all that whereby they could come; Likewise they (some while before the building of the Town) did fall upon the Village called Oosterwicke, near the Town, and have quite pillaged the same, and set on fire all the trees: These Burghers of S'hertogenbosh have after that, with their own power, resisted the said Gelder's Nation, and have not only kept them from coming abroad, but also have fall'n in their own dominions, and have forced them to lay down their Arms.  
But as every thing in this world is not everlasting, so this Town also hath suffered many several damages and alterations, and was twice almost burnt down. The first and greatest fire was in the year 1419, on the 28 of june: the second fire in the year 1463 the 17 of june, at the Heusdens' Fair. The first fire began in the Verwer-street, near the sign of the Brass▪ Kettle: by which fire, the Town-house, and all the Papers and Writings, were altogether burnt. The second fire began near the sign of the Falcon in the Hintemer-street, where the top of S. john's Church and many Images were also burnt.  
The name of the Duke of Braband, by whose command the town of S'hertogenbosh was built, we have forborn to set down in this History, because of the diversity of the Historians, and have kept this different till the last. The common presumption is, that the Duke Godfrey in the Cradle, hath been the Founder of S'hertogenbosh, which is confirmed by these words:  GodrIdVs dVX è sILVa feCIt oppidVM. 
The Duke Godfrey hath of a Boscage built a town, in the year 1184.  
Others presume that Henry the first son of Godfrey the third hath built this town.  
The History written before the Chronicle of Saint Truden, saith, In the County of Peeland is a Boscage, which the Emperors have given unto the Church of Vtricht, whose right hath appertained a long time unto the Counts of Gelderland, which said Counts have given the same Boscage unto their friends, and have sold the Village called Vucht unto the Duke Henry van Looteringen, who hath built upon Oortens-dyck, a town which is now S'hertogenbosh.  
Others say, that in the time of john the second, and john the third Dukes of Braband, there were first made Walls about this place by one William de Bosco, Knight, son of Gerlacus de Route, who did live in the year 1313, when the Geerlinger Bridge in the Hintemer street was builded, and got the name of it. This Knight dying, gave unto the Lord of Erp, the Cloister called Clarissen in the Hintemer street, and made his only heir the Lord Francis, in September, Anno 1335.  
Some say also, that the place of this Town heretofore hath been a Boscage or Wood, appertaining unto the Duke of Gelderland, who hath given this place unto John the second son of John the first Duke of Braband, for a Gift at his Christening, and that the Town of S'hertogenbosh is situated and built on this place.  
They say also, that the said Duke john hath fold and assigned the said Boscage unto the said William de Bosco, from whence he hath gotten his surname: And that this William de Bosco hath been the first that hath made Walls about the Town, and admitted every one that would come and live there.  
Although it seems that these three opinions are contrary one to another, notwithstanding, they may very well agree together, yea concur one with another,  
As concerning the two first opinions, every one can well judge it: for that Henry the second lived in the yeeee 1185, when his Father Godfrey did reign. And it is the use of all Historians, that when Kings and Princes reign during their son's lives, that all that which happened in such a time, is written both of the Fathers and children.  
Concerning the third opinion there will not be much difference, for that it is to be understood of the principal part, namely, from the Prisonergate to the Pinappels and Saint Anthony's Gates, Against this doth not contradict, that it is not mentioned there of the beginning of S'hertogenbosh, for that it is the biggest and fairest part, having in his ringle the great S. john's Church, the great Hospital the Holy Ghost, or the Spint, the Gregorians Frater-house▪ the Sister of Ortens Cloister, the great Begging-Cloyster, with many other Cloisters three following the rule of Saint Augustine, and one of Saint Benedictus, one of Saint Clara, and many beautiful Chapels, as, Saint jacobs' Chapel, which is now a Parish Church, one of Saint Anthony's. The Synechdochies manner of speaking is, where a part is taken for the whole, it is very common unto the writers.  
Laftly, it is known, that in the time of the said Knight, William de Bosco, the Town was augmented, as by the Letters of the Duke of Braband, and of the Magistrates of S'hertogenbosh, more at large may appear.  
Thus fare Simon Pelgrom of S'hertogenbosh, Prior and Provincial of the Order of Guilhelmines.  
THis Town of S'hertogenbosh did from time to time increase so much, that at the last it was grown to be the head or chief Town in the fourth quarter of Braband, under whose obedience are these four Counties, as Kempenland, Peeland, Maaesland, and the Land of Oosterwicke; in which Counties are situated the Towns of Helmont, Eyndsove, Megen, and Grave, having besides these under their command 72 Villages, in the which are one hundred and one Parish Churches.  
S'hertogenbosh lieth upon the River called the Diese, 6 Miles from the Maze, 12 miles from Ravensteine, 9 miles from Heusden, and 36 miles from Antwerp. It is by nature a strong place, because of her situation, and low grounds round about, which lieth most times under water, specially in the Winter, except on the Vuchter side, Southward of the Town, where, for the highness of the Land, the Town is sortified with 2. Royal Forts, the one lying near the Town, being the smallest is called St Anthony: The other lying on the Vuchters-heyde, having five Bulwarks, Francebray Counterscarps, and a double Ditch, named the Fort Isabel. Eastward of the Town lieth a Royal Fort called Pettler-Sconce, towards which they must come by water thorough the Hekell, because it lieth as it were in a Myre, having on the one side a small moor or damp, then followeth high ground, but on the other side how fields, being still under water.  
Notwithstanding that these Lands round about S'hertohenbosh lie most times under water, they are good and firm Lands, sandy and hard ground, which is for the most part of summer very dry▪ in some part of it is sown summer Corn, as Oats and Barley, which are sometimes overflowed by the high waters of the Maes, and suffer sometimes damage, which is hardly recovered, except it be by an extraordinary dry Summer.  
Thorough this Town run also several waters, or small rivers, having their beginnings out of two several streams, the one being called the Aa, the other the dommel, or Domale: which two Rivers in this last Siege were stopped by the command of his Princely Excellency about the Trenches, who making the water to come round about his Works, through a new made ditch, about 30 foot wide. The water in and about the Town was stayed with two stone beeres on the Bulwarks, next to the boome, as also on the boome itself, with a Sluice door, else it would have run in a great part, yea almost round about the Town, if the said River had not been stopped.  
In the year 1577. on the 21 of September (in the time of the government of Don john) the said Town being by the command of the general States, released from the Dutch Soldiers, which lay in the Town, remained on the State's side till the year 1579. without any Garrison, notwithstanding, the States used great diligence to assure this Town with Garrison, according to the agreement made at Vtricht. Albeit that at last, by reason of the differences amongst the Burghers, (for this cause) and of the departure of those that were minded towards the States, is turned on the Spanish side▪ and so remained popish, wherein came a great number of Ecclesiastical persons.  
On the 19 of january, in the year 1585. there was made an enterprise upon the said Town, by the Count of Hohenloo, they were already in the Town, but were, by reason of the bad carriage of his Soldiers, and the good courage of the Burghers; beaten out of the Town back again, with the loss of many men, slain, hurt, and taken prisoners, and so remained unmolested till the year 1601. the first of November, upon which day, the said Town, by the command of the high and mighty Lords the States, was besieged, under the Conduct of the Illustrious Prince Mauritius of Nassawe of famous Memory, and was with great diligence entrenched round about: but because of the great extraordinary frost, he was not only hindered of the approaching, the getting of Victuals. Munitions, and other necessaries, but also those that watched in their Sentinels, were dead frozen: therefore the said Prince broke up his said Leaguer, and departed from thence the 27 of the same month of November.  
In the year 1603 this said Siege was again undertaken on the 19 of August: but because the Archduke Albertas did lie ready with a great Army of Soldiers, for to seek his fortune upon these Lands, therefore he followed the said Prince on the 21 of the same month, leaguering himself on the East side of the Town, in the which at that time there was but a small Garrison, and beside they did refuse to take in any Garrison upon the request of the Archduke saying that they themselves were strong enough to resist their enemies: but there was, by the practice of the said Duke, put into the Town about 3000 men, against the Burghers will, who thereupon did mutiny: wherefore some of them were punished. His said Excellence seeing that the said Town was thus provided, did with good order break up his Leaguer, and lest the Town on the 5 of November, in the same year, as likewise the Archduke, departing every one in their Garrison. The Governor, the Lord Anthony Shets, Lord of Grobbendoncke, remained in the Town.  
The High and mighty Lords the State's general, with the Illustrious Prince of Orange, having nothing so at heart as the welfare of these united Provinces, and the good Inhabitants of the same, have in the beginning of this year 1629, kept several Assemblies with the Illustrious Prince of Orange, for to have ready all things necessary for a brave siege, having therefore to that end, sent betimes in the beginning of the year, through the River the Wael, up towards Nimmegen, and to the Sconce S'Grauenweert, some Bridges, and slat bottomed ships with Ordnance, Munition, and other warlike provisions. Whereupon, in the midst of the month of April, the Garrison followed, who had their Rendezvous about the said Sconce.  
The Illustrious Prince, the 24 of April, in the morning betimes, at six of the clock, with a good resolution, departed from the Hage, with valiant and brave Followers, taking his way towards Vtriclat, so towards Arnhem, and from thence to S'Grauenweert, where his Excellency finding his Troops ready, departed with great diligence for Mockerheyde, putting there on the 28 of the same month his Army in Battle-array, where they that night lay in the Field. The 29 of the said month, early in the morning, marching further towards the Town called Graus, over the Bridge, right to the Besh, before which Town that night the Prince sent some number of Horse, and the next day, being the 30, he beset the same Town: then his Excellency came with his whole Army before the Town, after Dinner, at 3 of the clock in the afternoon, taking his quarter, with 134 Companies, at Vucht, lodging in the house called Heyms-house.  
His Excellency had further separated the other chief Quarters as followeth:  
His Highness' Count Ernst at Hintem with 50 Companies.  
Count William of Nassaw, Governor of Heusden, at Orten with 32 Companies.  
The Lord of Bredrode about the Pettler Sconce with 26 Companies.  
His Highness of Solms at Engelen, near Creveceur, where the Ships lay with Munition and Victuals.  
The Lord Pincen coming in the Leaguer on the 11 of May, he is commanded to take his Quarter at Deuteren: Further, the Quarters were appointed and made up in a very short space.  
In the matching toward the Bosh, the said Prince took the house called Heeswicke, situated 6 miles from the Bosh, in which were 60. men.  
The Governor Grobbendoncke being advertised that the Leaguer was coming for the Town, seeing also some of our Horsemen, notwithstanding, would not believe that it was intended upon him, but thought that it was intended upon Breda; yea durst freely say, that the Prince would not begin such a vile deed: but shortly after this, seeing him make his Quarters, and that our Soldiers came nearer the Town, and forced his Soldiers to retire in the same, began to think upon his own fault, that the said town was not sufficiently provided of men, Ordnance, and Gunpowder; he could a little while before have gotten from Luike many thousand pounds of Gunpowder, but he left it for want of money.  
These tidings being come at Brussels and in Braband, did make great alterations there: the Arch-Duches did presently send Post by Post to Spain, caused all the chief men of War to be assembled, and gave order for payment: that with all speed the soldiers should be brought in the Field.  
Grobbendoncke did presently write for men and powder, and that there should be haste made for the relieving of it.  
Certain renowned chief men of War of the Spanish side, said, (as is told me) with laughing mouth, that Grobbendoncke was like the bold men, which say that they are not afraid for the Devil, jesting at all times with him, yea, would fain see him, but being in such a case, they are as much afraid as others, wishing that they were released from him: so it is with him, for that he oftentimes did say, that he would very fain have us to come and see him, wishing that the Prince Frederick durst do so, he would show him what a man he was, thinking that other chief men of War were not so courageous: But now, seeing him before the Gates and Walls of the Town, he is as all the rest, wishing that he would go away.  
The first of May the Illustrious Prince did condescend, that many, womans Beggins, and servant Maids, should departed out of the Town. The Horsemen which lay within, thought also, without permission of the Prince, to departed out of the same, but were forced to retire back again.  
Between the 4 and 5 of the same month, came into the Town 800 men, secretly along Vlimen, near Deuteren, by the Kee-Sconce, and so got in through S. John's Gate, going in some places up to the midst of the body in water: for which his Excellence caused also there to be made a broad way of Bavens, with a Bulwark from the Vuchter-heyde along thorough the Moors, near the Vogel-key of Grobendoncke, until the Quarter of Pinsen being garnished with many Redouts made of Wood, and is called the Hollans Walls which way of Bavens is made out farther along the River called the Bosh-sloot, to the Village called Engelen. And so with this all the Leaguer round about is finished within the space of 8 or 10 days.  
The 5, Captain Drop was put as Admiral oven the shallops.  
The 8 of this said Month there were fetched some half Curtowes out of the ships at Crenecour, and were brought to the Leaguer, for to be planted upon the Batteries.  
Those of the Town began also to labour very earnestly on their Works without the Vuchtergate, making their Batteries higher, but shot very little. About this Town the Lord of Bredrode began to make a Sconce over against the Pettler, and all the Works were by the command of his Excellence, made higher, thicker, and the Ditches wider.  
The 12 the dommel was bespoken to be stopped, or to make a Dam over it.  
At night, those of the Town came out with two shallops upon the Quarter of Count Ernst, thinking there to take some Prisoners, but they having misfortune, did speedily retire back again, whereupon they of the Town did shoot with Ordnance and Muskets, but did small hurt.  
This Leaguer is presumed to be between 60 and 70 thousand men strong, whereof were 70 Cornets of Horse.  
The 14, about forty flat-bottome Turfe-shippes were fetched from S'Grauenmoer, near Breda, and were brought in the Leaguer, for to make of the same Ship-bridges. The 15, those did sally upon the quarter of the Lord of Brederode, but were caused with forces to retire back again. The 16 are those within come out again with some shallops, upon the quarter of Count Erust, but were fain to retire without doing any thing.  
The 20 we began to make a Trench between Engelen and Creveceur, for the security of the Horses: and all other Trenches with double banquets or feet-benches: the foot of the Trench was about 16 foot thick, and the upper part 6 foot. near the place called Vliemer brugge over against the highway, is made a Fort which can hardly be taken, to resist those of Breda that would come out. On the 23 there came a Messenger with Letters, which was followed by ours, so that he was drowned; whose said Letters were delivered unto the Prince. The 27, 28, 29, & 30 of the same month, we shot on both sides very fiercely though there was but small hurt done.  
The first of June, those of the great Fort Isabel did make a sally upon the French Battery, but were at last forced to retire.  
The night following, those of the Town did make three several fires upon the steeple of the Church, weighing the fire three times up and down. The French did fall upon the Enemies, and caused them to retire, and got many Shovels, Spades, Swords, and other things.  
The 3 and 4 those of the Town made again a fire upon the steeple of St john's Church: And the 5, 6, 7, and 8 of this Month, there was little done on both sides.  
The 9, ours of the great Battery did shoot upon the Town and the little Sconce above 140 shot. The same day those of the Town came out with two shallops upon the Quarter of Pinsen, thinking there to take some Horses, and men which were at work, but were hindered.  
The 11 there arrived in the Quarter of Count Ernst yet 18 or 19 Companies of new Scotchmen.  
The 12 and 13 little happened.  
The 14 His Excellency, with the Lords the States, went upon the Battery, and caused a Mortar to be set on fire, which stood upon the same Battery, which the first time did not work very well: but the second time much more, so that for the dust we could scarce see the said Sconce: the little Sconce was likewise battered: and between the 13 and 14, there were again made 3 fires upon the steeple.  
The 15 there were thrown into the Sconces six Granads, whereof the second did work very well, so that the Hurts did fly in the air. The same day, the water of the dommel was let go in the outmost ditch round about the Prince's quarter.  
The 16 at night, those within did make a sally, (coming through the Hintemer Gate, upon the Works of Count Ernst, causing the Watch to retire to the Battery: notwithstanding, they were forced to retire. The 18 there were thrown into the little Sconce two or three Granads.  
The same day at night, the English were busy to fill the ditch of the little Sconce. The French were at that time also very busy, making that night three bints of their Gallery near the great Sconce. The next night those of the Town did very fiercely throw with hand-Granads and firing with pitch hoops.  
The 20, ours did labour in open day upon the Galleries, and did throw 8 Granats into the little Sconce, which caused all that they came near to fly in the Air, the men did withdraw themselves into the Counterscarps, to save their lives. Those of the town did make three several fires upon the steeple.  
The 21 there were Granads thrown again into the little Sconce which was thereupon very much beaten with Ordnance.  
The 22 at night, the English were very busy upon their Gallery, which was for the third time set on fire by those of the Sconce: notwithstanding the said English were very courageous, beating their enemies out of their Counterscarpes in the ditch, where many of them were drowned.  
The 23 the English were again very forward with their Gallery: likewise the French, who did set on fire a Mine near the great Sconce.  
At which time Count Henry van den Bergh did muster his men, and was found to be about 25000 men strong, aswell of foot as Horse.  
The 24 and 25 happened very little.  
The 26. there was upon three several places in the Leaguer a fire, namely in the Horseman's Quarter, in the Quarter of Brederode, and in the Quarter of His princely Excellency, amongst the English, where there was done the most damage.  
Count Henry van den Bergh being a marching up, did lodge himself in Langhestraet, at Sprang, Waelwicke, Druynen, and Loon-opt-land. His Majesty of Bohemia came this night in the Leaguer, and went with His Excellency to see all his Works. The 27 came the Horsemen of Count Henry van den bergh at Vlymen, showing himself on several parts of the Leaguer, from Vlymen to Cromvoort. At night there was an Alarm in the Town.  
The 28 there was in the Quarter of Count Ernst again a fire in two several places. At night, Count henry van den bergh shown himself near the Three Sisters, near the Holland's Wall: amongst which ours shot 10 or 12 Cannon shot, whereupon they did presently retire. Our Soldiers were in battell-array all this night. The 29 there came some Soldiers in the Leaguer, which were run away from the Enemies, complaining of hunger and great dearth. The 30 the Spanish did hide themselves in the Wood behind the Ynffer-Sconce, who got some Wagons with Bavens of our Leaguer, and about 40 prisoners: They took also the Houses Burtell and Hesop, the Soldiers which were in the same, came with their full Arms & baggage into the Leaguer: beside, they came betimes in the morning with 2 shallops from Vlymen, to the three Sisters and Holland's Wall, to sound the depth of the water; whereupon the whole Leaguer came in battle array. Some that were run away from the Enemies, declared, that in the Spanish Army, a pound of Cheese was worth 12 Stivers, and a Can of Beer 6 Stivers, and all other things accordingly.  
The 2 of july, Monsieur Fama was hurt with a shot thorough the body, and died immediately. The 4 at night, the Spanish came again upon the Leaguer, amongst which we played very fiercely with our Ordnance from the outermost Batteries: whereupon they were forced to retire, leaving behind them some dead men and hurt. At that same time they thought also to break thorough along the Wall of the dommel, but were also hindered of it. Those that we took prisoners, complained of great hunger, misery, and bad payment. This was the tenth time that they tried their fortune against the Leaguer, which made us to stand every night in Battell-ray. This night those within the Town did make again three several fires upon the steeple. Also we took prisoners some of the Boors which did measure the depth of the water, and thought to bring them through it, of which two were hanged in the Quarter of his Excellency: The one was a Borrow-master of Beckhonen, and the other a Boor of Vucht: they confessed to have received each 20 Gilders, and that they should have had with them 600 men, which should have brought into the town each of them 10 pounds of Gunpowder. The 6 the English and French have brought over their Galleries before both the Sconces. Between the 7 and eighth those of the Great Sconce made a sally, but were beaten back again, leaving behind them about 40 men aswell dead as hurt. The Spanish marched from Cranvoort, and the places thereabout, towards Boxell.  
The 9 the French have taken the Hornenworke of the great Sconce: there was begun an inner Trench from the Quarter of Pinsen to the Three Sisters: likewise from the Quarter of His Excellency to the Sconce of Brederode: and from thence near the Cloister at Eyken-donck unto the Quarter of his Highness' Count Ernst, and are well provided with Redouts against those within. The 12 the Coronelship of Mons. Fama late, is given unto Count Maurits of Nassawe. The 14 the 2 watermils near the Diese, together with 21 other watermils to be used with Horses, were to be mended, therewith to make dry the low-land. The 16 Count Henry vanden bergh marched up with his whole Army from Boxtel, making a Bridge near Moock over the Maes, he himself remaining near Moocke. The 17 there was a Boor taken prisoner, who thought to bring a Letter into the town, by which Count Henry van den bergh commended unto the Governor Grobbendoncke to keep good Watch, saying that he would take no advantage upon the Leaguer for to relieve the town. Of this tenor:  
MY Lord Seeing that it is impossible to beat away the Enemies out of their Works, with the Men which I have ready, because he lieth very fast, more than ordinary fortified: I find it good to break up my Leaguer, and to transport myself by the Jmperialists, who are already in Arms, and a great many of them are departed for Wesell, aswell of Horse as Foot, hoping to do such a notable deed, that the Enemies shall be forced to fight with us; and that in that cause God will make us to have the Victory, and that thereby the Town shall be relieved, if you can keep the same yet for a time: which I would hereby make known unto you. I pray you, when you have received this, that you then in the night make a great fire upon the steeple of S. john's Church, moving the same many times: and to make the next day a great smoke on the said steeple, by which I shall know that this Letter is delivered unto you: and when this Messenger shall departed again with answer, you shall then the night following do the same token with fire, and then the day following again with smoke along time. Mean while I rest,  
My Lord, Your loving & faithful friend, Henry van den Bergh. In the Leaguer at Boxtell, july 16. 1629.  
The Superscription is, To my Lord, My Lord the Baron of Grobbendoncke, Knight of the Order of St jacob Colonel of a Regiment of Walloons, Governor of Shertogenbosh.  
But this Letter being come into the hands of His Excellency, he did send it unto the Lords the States of the united Provinces, with his advice what order and what means there should be employed to hinder the design of the Enemies, and he himself gave order to follow the Enemy with as many men as he could spare out of his Leaguer, to continue and advance this Siege.  
The 18 the Lord Dieden, Governor of Emmericke, hath taken in the morning at three of the clock, the great Sconce, finding in the same 10 Hogsheads of Wine, 24 Tons of Beer, and some bread and Pork. The next following, the Colonel Harwits' got also the little Sconce, finding in the same much Armour and Householdstuff.  
The 24 the Prince heard that Count Henry van den bergh was fallen into the Velewe, whereupon there were sent thither some of the chief men of War, with a great number of Soldiers of Foot and Horse, for to secure the Betuwe and other places from his Design. the 25 and 28 those within have with two shallops brought into the Town some prisoners. The 28 arrived in the Leaguer the young Prince of Denmark, who will stay there a while.  
The 3 of August the Rush bridge was brought over. The 4 we took in the Tanaille before the Vuchter gate, notwithstanding those within did beat us out again. The 7 at night the said Tanaille was taken, and presently there was made a Battery of the same.  
The 10 at night there came two Boors out of the town, each with a couple of Pigeons, and 3 Letters, which Letters were brought to the Prince: the tenor of them was, that they were to be relieved within 3. weeks: the 13, 14, & 15 was on both sides very fiercely played with Ordnance, and some Granads were thrown into the Town, which caused great outcries in the same. Those within came out upon the Trench northward of Brederodens' Quarter, near the water-mills, thinking to cut thorough the same, which being almost done, they were beaten back again Between the 17 and 18, those which came out with some shallops, upon the Battery between Pinsens Quarter and the great Sconce, spoiled the victuallers; but found no Ordnance, because it is every night brought under the great Sconce, and so returned back into the Town. The 19 there was a Mine sprung in the Hornenworke near the Hintemer end, which killed many men; notwithstanding those within defended themselves three several times, and kept the Victory.  
After that his Highness' Count Ernst had well beset the Betuwe, and other places near the Issel stream, for to hinder the coming of the Enemies, (which were already fall'n in the Velewe) with brave and chief men, well considering of all things: thereupon the Prince also did send thither men of Horse and foot as many as his Excellency could well spare, showing himself day and night (fearing not any danger) every where in the uttermost of the Works and batteries; then there came on the 20 this joyful Letter, from the Worthy, Worshipful man of War, Otto van Gent and Oyen, Lord of Dieden, etc. unto the Illustrious Prince of Orange.  
MY Lord, The bearer hereof, my Cousin Mederode, cometh to bring your Excellency report of the good success of the taking of the Town of Wesell. The Enemy did leave at that same time 2 Forts or Sconces, without staying that we should shoot upon them. They have bored to the ground their ships of War: and having some Bridges upon the Rhyne, I have burnt part of them, which were not fit. Here is a great number of Ordnance, and 13 or 14 Boats set upon Wagons. I have, for the better assurance of the Town sent unto the Governors of Rhees and Emericke, that they would send me some Companies of Foot. And if your Excellence thinketh fit. I wish to have a great many more men, wherewith, etc.  
In weasel, in haste, August 19 2629. My Lord, Your Excellencies humble and obedient, Otto van Gent and Oyen.  
Whereupon there was a general Thanksgiving through all the Leaguer for this Victory; and we have made Bonfires after the Leaguer manner, as followeth,  
His Excellency commanded that none should begin before the Signal of the Jacht before Creveceur was done. The Princess was herself upon the Walls of Creveceur, and the Yacht played his Canon; then those of the Fort Creveceur did play with 18 Pieces, and played those of the Redouts along the Bosh-sloot, than the Lord Pinsen, than the great and little Sconces, and then the Ordnance about the Quarter of the Prince of Orange; then after those the Quarter of Brederode from his Fort against the Pettler, than his highness' Count Ernst with his whole and half Curtows, as also at Orten.  
When the Ordnance had thus played at all places, than began likewise all the Musketeers of the whole Leaguer. Those of the Quarter of his Princely Excellency began first, and then they followed Eastward the one after the other, round about the Leaguer, as a running Fire. The Pike-men, and servants of the Horsemen did carry burdens of Straw upon their Pikes and staffs going so through all parts of the Leaguer, that it made a great light. When the second charge of the Canon began, was cast into the Town a Mortar: the ships (lying by hundreds together along the Diese) did make Bonfires with pitchbarrels and did hang out Lanterns upon their Masts. In sum, it was like as if the whole Leaguer had been on fire. The 26 at night went forth 2 companies of Horsemen, and 200 Fire. locks, which met by the way a Convoy that went for Breda, of which ours killed some and brought prisoners with them 40 men and about 80 Horses well furnished: Also a Ritmaster and a Lieutenant, with a Cornet: for the Wagons was given security. The 30 a Boere or a carrier of letters was hanged here in the Leaguer, after he had been imprisoned about 10 weeks. Between the 30 and 31, the Gallery on the West side of the Vuchtergate was brought over; and the ninth binte of the other Gallery on the South side of the said Bulwark (which the ●4 was appointed to be made) was brought over.  
The first of September, ours that were in the Bulwark, began to break from the said Bulwark in the Walls of the Town, which was about 12 foot thick, and there to make a Mine. On this day Monsieur Stakenbroeck and the Duke of Bovillon, with ten Cornets of Horse, three Pieces of Ordnance, and some hundred Firelocks, are marched toward the little town called Endhoven, and got the same, with the Castle, which lies there, on the second of the same month, with agreement, or composition. About 200 men, which did withdraw themselves from thence in a Moor near that place, part of them were defeated by the Duke de Bovillon, and about 160 were brought prisoners into the Leaguer. Between the 9 and 10 in the morning, the Illustrious Prince did ride towards the Mine which he did cause to spring, and it did work well, springing to the Vuchter-gaete. The English had the Watch there, who fell upon the Enemy with a great courage, and did so beat them out of the same, that thee were forced to retire and leave the Halfmoon; they defended themselves at the first well, but ours fell on with a false Alarm, likewise fell the Enemies with all their forces upon us, ours did retire somewhat back, so that the Enemies were deceived, thinking that they had the Victory; whereupon our second Mine sprung, so that arms and legs flew in the Air, whereupon ours fell on again, and did beat them by force out of the halfmoon, (as aforesaid) so that we took in all their works on the Vuchtergate: in which half-moon we began to work at 3 of the Clock, because those of the Town should not shoot in it, we began also presently to mine in the stone Bulwark, where on the 11 our Mine sprung, whereupon, by the command of his Excellency, some of ours did fall, only to see what countenance the Enemies held, which came presently back again, and our Soldiers presently lodged in the breach of the Mine. Thereupon came a Drummer from the Enemies, he pretended to ask leave to dig out two Captains, which they said were on led in our Mine: the Prince (who was present in the Works) commanded to be looked for them, which was also performed: unto those that looked for them, was given a Covinex-daller by the Spanish; but it was not therefore that they did it, because the Drummer came presently again, requiring to speak with some of our Officers, to report unto the Prince to treat of a Composition; whereupon there came presently 4 persons of quality out of the Town, to the Illustrious Prince, (who sat in the Gallery upon a little bench, being accompanied with some chief men, though few in number) speaking there with the said prince, requiring four days, mean while they would send unto the Infanta, and in case of default of relieving in that time, would treat of the rendition of the town which was denied unto them; notwithstanding, they fell to a treaty of a parley, and they have on both sides sent Hostages: mean time many Burghers and Ecclesiastical persons shown themselves upon the Walls.  
On the 13 of the same month, those of the Bosh did dine with the Illustrious Prince, and after dinner did return with the Prince's Coaches back again into the Town, and ours came again out of the same town; those of the Town did leave their Commission with us, the which, together with the resolution of the Prince, the high and mighty Lords the States did carry with them into the Town.  
On Friday the 14, after dinner, about 4 of the clock, the Composition of the rendition of the mighty and renowned Town of S'hertogenbosh, is absolutely concluded in the Leaguer, in the House where the Illustrious Prince was lodged, and was by both parties subscribed, to the great joy of ours, aswell among the chief, as common Inhabitants. The Committees are joyfully departed one from another; and those of the Town (after they had subscribed the Composition) departed with the Prince's Coach to the Town; which were these, to wit, Fr. Michael Episcopus Buscobus: Fr. Johannes Moors, Abbas Bernensus: Johannes herman's, Deccanus Buscobus: R. van Voorn: T. vanden Velde: R. van Ireneven: B. Loef vanden Sloot: Henrick Somerts: Peter Hubert's, Hercalt Hevel.  
Mean while there came in the Leaguer many thousand of Burghers from several Towns and places, to see the brave Siege, the Illustrious and Courageous Prince of Orange, and the departure of the Enemies out of S'hertogenbosh; of which many were forced to lie all night in the Field.  
The 17 the Prince caused the men of War to be armed, and there were made 2 Tents near the town, wherein were the Illustrious Prince of Orange, being accompanied with his Princess, his Majesty of Bohemia, and his Queen, the Prince of Denmark, besides 40, aswell Dukes, Counts, as Barons, where those of the Town did march by them: First there came a Company of Horse of ours, where those of the town did pass near: then followed the Wagons and Cars, with sick persons, baggage, jesuites, Nuns, and Friars of all sorts: betwixt these was Grobbendoncks' wife in a Coach (who was but three weeks out of Childbed) with whom the Prince had a long Discourse. At last at night followed the Governor sitting upon a Horse, between 2 Colonels of this States: the Footmen were 22 Companies, being about 2000 men strong, together with the sick and hurt persons, whereof there were not above 1200 in health: there followed also three Companies of Horse, brave and well armed.  
Of our side marched again into the Town the Guard of the Illustrious Prince, the Company of my Lord Beverweert, and also the Company of my Lord Wits, besides some other Companies. Also in the Petler Sonce many Soldiers. On the 18 there was put an Orange Ancient on the steeple of S. john's Church: there came many thousand Burghers from without into the Town: the Burghers within were reasonably well contented, saying that they had not had want of victuals during this Siege, but only of Butter and Cheese, which was very dear.  
On the same day came his Princely Excellency himself into the Town, but returned presently again to the Leaguer: Many of the high and mighty Lords the State's general, and Deputies of the same, are come into the Town with Coaches, and were welcomed of the Magistrates, and are lodged at the sign of the Sun.  
On Wednesday the 19 of this month, the Gospel of God was preached in 3 Churches, and his Princely Excellency, his Majesty of Bohemia, together with the Prince of Denmark being present in Saint john's Church, where were baptised three children, to which the said Potentates were Godfathers: namely his Majesty of Bohemia of the first child, called Amelia; his Princely Excellency of the second child, named johannes; and the Prince of Denmark of the third child called Mauritius.  
The Lord God save and bless from henceforth his Princely Excellency, who hath carried himself in this siege as a valiant and brave Soldier, fearing no danger, but presenting himself always personally, to the encouragement of his Soldiers, and terror of his Enemies. There was never seen in any siege in this Country, so many Dukes, Barons, Gentiles, and Volunteers, which did come out of several Kingdoms and places, but only before this Town of which no body can speak enough, being all done in a short time. And that the Enemies must give him the honour, that when he came there with his great and strong Army, he could attempt nothing upon him, but sent a Letter into the Town, and so went away.  
For this great Victory, which the Lord God hath (this year) given unto these Lands, there is by the high and mighty Lords the States general ordained and commanded to keep a Fast, and day of Prayer, whereupon they gave out this Letter.  
Well-beloved, etc.  
WHereas it hath pleased the Almighty Lord God to show us his exceeding great mercy and compassion over these Lands, that he not only hath stayed the great forces of the Enemies, the which according to all appearance, were like to break thorough in the midst of the heart of our Land, with destruction of goods and lives of the Inhabitants, together with the reformed Religion, as also of the liberties, laws and privileges; but that he above all this hath greatly blessed these Lands, with the taking of the Towns of weasel and S'hertogenbosh, to the increase of his holy Word, and comfort of many, which have been many years under the tyranny of the Spaniards, Therefore the high and mighty Lords the States, have found very necessary to bid and command a general fasting day, in all the united Provinces, Countries, Shires, and their associate Towns and places, to be on Wednesday next within 14 days, which shall be the 10 of October, stilo novo, for to give hearty thankes, praise and glory unto the Lord for all these undeserved blessings, and uncessantly to pray, that he will give unto the Inhabitants of S'hertogenbosh the true knowledge of his holy Gospel, and to send to that and true and faithful Teachers. Also that the Almighty God will be with the Army of this State, as a Lord of all things, for to beat away the Enemies out of our Dominions, and to continue his blessings over us: Also that he will defend from all evil and dangers his Excellency the Prince of Orange, and to multiply his days wtih wisdom blessings and felicity, and to conserve his person, and all his Army in health, to the glory of his holy Name, and increase of his holy Word. Therefore we require, etc.  
In the Hage, Septemb. 24. 1629.  
In the Town are chosen new Magistrates, and the old are released from their Oaths done to the King of Spain. And Sir Philips de Thienen, Colonel over the Regiment of his Highness' van Brederode, is put as Commander over the Garrison. The Burghers are also releafed from their Oath unto the King of Spaint, and took their Oaths unto these Lands.   

A journal or Day-register of that which is happened within the Town of S'hertogenbosh during the last siege. Written by one of the Spanish side.  
ON the last of April, 1629, the Enemies came unto the Sconce Creveceur, 150 ships strong. The first of May they came to Orten, and did presently entrench themselves from Orten to Hintem, from Hintem to Dungen, and to Gastell, from Vucht to Vlymen, unto the Bosh-sloot, where they brought about 50 ships with Bavens, and further at Engelen, where they laboured very earnestly.  
The 5 there came from Breda, along Flymen, into the Town, between 8 and 9 hundred men, which went up to the middle in water.  
The 6 we shot with a piece of Ordnance from the great Sconce amongst 15 Horsemen, of which some were slain.  
The 10 the Captain Dirck Busschieter with 12 men, did pierce thorough the Coe-wall, which the Enemies (being strong 59 men) thought to hinder our coming thither, but were forced to retire with the loss of two men.  
In 14 days there is from without happened but very little: for they did nothing else but entrench themselves. At this time the Butter began already to be worth 10 or 12 Stivers, and yet hardly could any be gotten. Whereupon the Governor and Magistrates did command, that all Honey-sellers, & spice-bread-makers should no more use or boil any Honey, upon penalty of 100 Dollars to be paid by them that shall be sound in fault, because they would eat the Honey upon their bread. The Soldiers could hardly get any victuals, for that they were so dear, wherefore it was commanded that the Pork should be sold for 6 stivers a pound, a pound of Butter for 6 stivers, and a pound of Cheese for 4 stivers.  
Until the 20 the Prince Frederick Henrick, had not shot with Ordnance upon the town, but because many houses were to be broken down, & many trees for to be used for his fortification.  
The 22 the Prince caused to shoot upon the Orten-gate nine shots of Canon. We saw also a battery made by the Enemies at Hintem.  
Tho same day there went out two Messengers of ours, which returned for Brussels, but could not get through, for that the town was already beset.  
The same day all the houses were visited, and all the Corn that was in the town was set down together, with the number of all the dwellers.  
The 23 in the morning we saw in the air over the Town about Orten, two Rainbows, with the back one against the other, with two Suns between the said Rainbows, the one above the other, what the interpretation is, God knows.  
The 24 our Soldiers brought in 14 Horses of the Enemies, which altogether were sold for 28 Gilders, yet more 3 horses of the Enemies for 4 stivers and 8 pence, yet another for 3 stivers: a little Car of Hay did cost 60 Gilders. The Enemies did shoot again upon the Town: and two messengers arrived here thorough the Leaguer; their report was kept secret from the Burghers: we bought a horse for a stiver; and Mr. Pauwels gave a stiver for the 4 shoes. There was a Horse sold for a pipe of Tobacco, for which they could have had 12 pound Flemish two months before.  
The 26 a Herring cost half a stiver, an Egg one stiver, a pound of Beef 5 stivers, Mutton 8 stivers.  
The 27 was published, that no body should cut down any wood which was in their Gardens, upon penalty of 100 Ducats, because the same must be used on the Works in the Walks. The same day the Enemies did shoot thorough the holy-Crosse-gate, into the house of Mary Grietmakers.  
The 28 we fell upon the enemy's Quarters at Vucht and 5 men were slain.  
The 29 we fell out by the Vuchtergate, on the Hamer, and at night at 11 of the clock we took from the enemies a Corpse de Guard, wherein they kept watch. The same day we skirmished a long time with the Enemies.  
The 30 we made an undermine through the walls of the Town, safely to march towards the Hintemer gate upon the Watch; This day the Enemies shot very much; and a shot came thorough the steeple of S. john's Church, and also through the steeple near the Boome.  
The 31 the Enemies did shoot above 110 shot with half Curtowes, by which some of the Burgher's houses, and the Bishop's house was damnified, though in this month there were none slain by the shooting of Cannons, but only Captain Ratelo, and a Gunner was hurt. The Mills have also till now ground.  
The 1 of June, the Captain dommel bergen gathered his Company for the first time. This day & night the Enemies did shoot very fiercely upon the batteries, and were approached to the Hintemer gate more than half a Musket shot, where there were many Soldiers on both sides hurt and slain.  
The second on Whitsun Eve, we shot very fiercely upon the Enemies, specially from the Hintemer-gate, and the outworks, so that every Muskettier did shoot 30, 40, or 50 shots, whose breasts were so blue that they could not continue any longer. The Enemies did shoot down with their Ordnance many rare outworks of S. john's Church. Here arrived a messenger from Brussels, whereupon there was at night a fire made upon the steeple of the said Church, for a token that the said Messenger was safely arrived.  
The 3. upon Whitsonday, we bought Beef yet for 7 and 8 stivers a pound, Murton for 8, 9, & 10 stivers.  
The 4 we fell out of the Town upon the Enemy's Trenches towards Vucht, and defeated many of them. And on the Hintemer gate, an ancient Soldier had his head shot off.  
The 5, on both sides, aswell out as upon the great Sconce was very fiercely shot, wherein the Dutch which were come out of Breda, did defend themselves very manfully: wherefore they did mock those of the Bosh, saying, that they were fit to fetch Merchants and Boors, where they do not fear to be beaten. The same day Peter Cabusins, Constable, brought from the little Sconce into the Town 2 half Curtowes. Before the Vuchtergate a man had his legs shot off: and a Boy, which came from the Sconce to the Town, to fetch there a bottle of Wine, was slain in the Vuchter gate. At the same day, the silver S. John on the Vuchter gate his back was shot in pieces.  
The 6, a woman dwelling at the signe of the Hand-bow, being in her chamber, both her legs were shot off.  
The 7 the Enemies came so near under the little Sconce, that they in the Works did drink one to another with a Can of Beer, and Tobacco, which they did give one to another with their pikes, and fell prefently to shoot again. The Beggins that were in the Cloisters, did make Cushions for the Soldiers; and the priests made hearts to hang about their necks.  
The 8 and 9 they shot very fiercely one against the other. On the 10 the Enemies shot thorough S. John's Church, and did hurt a man which was confessing his sins: the same day a man's head was shot off, and also a Soldier's ear; there were shot to this day 1000 shot.  
The 11 the Enemies came near unto the Sconce before the Vuchtergate, and took in the Hornenworke, with main force.  
The 12 was shot on both sides very fiercely on the Hintemer gate.  
The 13 and 14 we did still continue our shooting, and took in some Works from the Enemies, and brought into the Town 2 Rondasses. At night the Enemies did set the Captain's house on fire with their Granads, in the little Sconce, where also flew up 4 Barrels of Gunpowder, and 100 Granads.  
The 15 the Enemies thought to fill the ditch of the little Sconce, but were hindered of it by ours, where there were slain that night above 30 of the Enemies, and of ours were but 2 hurt. On the same day it was published at all corners of the streets, that every one should break off the Lead which was about their houses, and to bring it into the Town-house, as also from the water and pissing-places, which the Magistrates would begin first, and they that did not perform it should forfeit both life and goods.  
The 16 at night ours made a sally out with shallops upon the Enemy's Trenches; where they defeated 2 Sentinels, with some Soldiers, one that stood a fishing had both his legs shot off.  
The 17 we fell out on the Hintemer gate, upon the stone Bridge, and defeated many of the enemies, we brought also in the Town many armours, and a Sergeant of theirs.  
The 18 we took on the place called Muntell, an Engineer, which was about his Works, and we did cut off both his ears.  
The 19 we skirmished fiercely one against another.  
The 20 the Enemies thought to lay a bridge between both the Sconces, with Bavins and Deal boards, which we did set on fire with pitch hoops, and caused the Enemies to retire.  
The 21 the Enemies did fall very fiercely upon the works of the little Sconce.  
The 22 the Enemies did all their endeavours to get in our Horne-worke, but were forced to retire. And the Ancient Cornelis Berberts was killed with a shot, which came from the Enemies.  
The 23 early in the morning, the Enemies came twcie upon our Works of the Sconce, but were forced to retire; they caused a Mine to spring, but did no hurt, we did kill many with Flails wherewith the Corn was beaten, we got two that were hurt from the Enemies, which we brought in the Hospital to be cured. The same day after dinner, the Enemies came again upon our Works, causing a Mine to spring, together with one of ours, they played thereupon with half Courtowes, shooting fifteen shot upon ours of the Sconce, there we very fiercely skirmished, and the Captain Endenhouldts went first on with his soldiers, giving them good courage, whereby he had got great honour, and defeated many men.  
The 24 there was very fiercely shot on both sides, and were thrown in the great Sconce eleven Granads, which Sconce was very much battered, so that the walls were almost filled with bullets.  
The 25 Colonel Bastocke was killed upon the outworks of the Sconce, who hath at all times carried himself very valiant.  
On the same day, and on the 26, the Enemies did nothing else but fill the ditches with wet Bavins of trees, part of which ours fetched out again.  
About this time our horsemen did fetch grass from the Doncke, which ours did dry, and made hey of it in the town, some Burghers having the watch on the Orten-gate, of which some were a drinking in the house of Hanshen Vangenuchten, where there came a Bullet of an half Courtowe through the top, which made a breach that a horse could have gone through it, but there was no body hurt.  
The 27 we did nothing else but fiercely shoot and fight.  
The 28 we did fall out upon the Enemy's Trenches, and upon their battery, but we found there no Ordinance, for that they every night took away the same.  
And ours fetched out of the ditches above 300 Bavins. The same day we played with our Canon upon the Enemy's Works, and we heard and saw (as the speech went) the soldiers of Count Henry vandenbergh, upon the Broom field.  
The 29 ours did shoot very fiercely out of the town, and fetched again at night about 300 Bavins out of the Ditches of the little Sconce, where were slain two of our Soldiers. The same day a woman's two legs were shot off, and a boy's thumb.  
The 30 we heard much shooting about Dungen, by which we understood that the Kings and Imperial troops were near▪ whereupon we shot very fierely from the town. At the same time there came over five Dutch soldiers complaining that in three days they had not eaten any bread, and would serve the Emperor.  
Betwixt the 30 and 31, the Enemies fell fiercely upon the Horne-worke of our Sconce, and played very fast upon them, but ours caused them to retire, in which were slain a Captain and a Sergeant of ours.  
The first of July we got tidings, that the Spanish upon the Dungen▪ had gotten many prisoners of the Enemies which was esteemed to be above 200 soldiers, and 50 Wagons, besides some horsemen.  
The same day the Enemies did shoot through the Priest's Church in the Choir, and also in Saint john's Church in the Organs, but did small hurt.  
The 2 a woman, which was a drawing a Can of Beer, was shot with a Bullet of a Canon, which took away her apron from about her belly, and broke the Can in pieces, without any more hurt.  
The 3, the Enemies shot over the Market place, that the Bullet came in a Chamber of the house, at the sign of the world. Also twice through a Mill. At night in the Enemy's Leaguer, was an alarm with Drum beating and sound of Trumpets, because Count Henry vanden bergh prayed very fiercely with Ordnance and Muskets upon them.  
The 4. there was slain a Burger, named John Hendrixson as he was a measuring the Priest's Corn in the Laughed, which was the first Burger that was killed, the second Burger was called Yougen Coert, which the same day being at the Orten-gate, was shot in the head.  
The 5 the Enemies threw Granads into the little Sconce, so that the Church, being a little Chapel, fell down. The Enemies were also very forward with the filling of the Ditch of the great Sconce.  
The 6 at night 4 of our Land-souldiers went out in the enemy's Works, and did set on fire some Sconce-kornes, because they kept no good Watch. If we had been strong we had done a notable exploit.  
The 7 (being the Bosh Fair) at night we fell out of the town in the enemy's trenches (when they did fill the ditches) some of ours were slain, and some hurt on both sides.  
The 8 ours fell on the Enemy's works on the Hintemer gate, where was killed a Captain, also many of the Enemies: from the 8 till the 14 the enemies attempted nothing upon the Sconces and Town, but shooting and working, those of the Sconce did also work against them, and separated the Sconce. About this time two messengers went out, to wit, john Pleyte and Awy Awy, for to try if they could go thorough the Leaguer; but saw no means to do it; so they came back again.  
The same day one of our Ancients (which in a sally was taken prisoner) came out of the Leaguer home again, with a fair Hat and feather, and a silver Sword: he said that it was given him by the Prince, who had also made him good cheer. Also ours brought in some prisoners, being in poor clothes, they were English and Scotchmen. The 14 the King's Corn was sold to every one that would have it for 18 Gilders the Met; the Soldiers got Bread, Cheese, Beer at the King's allowance.  
The 15 a pound of Mutton was sold for 18 stivers.  
The 16 and 17 the enemies shot very fiercely upon the great Sconce, making trial to take the same, but were manfully resisted.  
The 18 in the morning at 5 of the Clock, ours caused a Mine to spring, & retired then toward the town; whereupon the Enemies took in the said Sconce.  
One of Captain Dirck's soldiers being before the Holy Ghost, upon the wall, was shot with a Canon in 4 or 5 pieces.  
The same day a soldier being on the Sconce, was shot in the head, that his brains flew out, so that he knew not himself, and we could see nothing but that he was dead; whereupon his Compagnons that were with him, carried him into the Churchyard, laying him in a Chest to bury him; coming there, he lifted up his arms and legs, and rose up out of the Chest, to the great wonder of those that were with him, who carried him into the Hospital, there to be cured. The same day, in the Shilders street, a woman's head was shot off, and a Boy through the body as he sat a weaning. The same evening ours did retire out of the little Sconce to to the town, fearing the enemies would fall upon them, and for that they were needful in the town.  
At night we fell out upon the Leaguer of the enemies and defeated 4 Sentinels: and we brought through the Leaguer two messengers, having each some Pigeons with them, for to bring us tidings: for that we had not had any Messenger in a month, because that the enemy's Sentinels did stand very close together, and between them some water-spaniels, which (during the Wars) never was seen the like.  
The 19 Marcelis Andreesen standing at watch on the Orten-gate, had one of his legs shot off: the same day there came two Drummers, having with them some pickled Herrings to distribute amongst their Friends.  
The 20 the Enemies did shoot very fiercely thorough S. John's Church, and upon the rowne.  
The 21 there came again into the town 2 Drummers to release some prisoners, who had again some pickled Herrings for to give away: they took with them many Horses which we had taken from them, and were sold amongst the Enemies, because we had no food for them: the same Drummers brought tidings, that in the Leaguer, some messengers that were sent by Count Henry vanden bergh towards the town, were to suffer death. The old pickled Herrings were for 4, 5, and 6 stivers a piece; Beef for 9 and 10 stivers a pound; a bushel of Turnips (which before the siege was sold for a stiver) was sold for 5, 6, and 9 stivers.  
At that same day there came some other Drummers, which also brought some Lemons and Herrings to give away.  
The 22 the Constable, Hans den ouden Clerk's Head was shot of. On the same night there came a Engineer upon the Doncke, before S. John's Gate, for to measure something, the which our Soldiers got and brought in, and was in great danger to lose his life. At that time the enemies shot fiercely with Ordnance.  
The 23 the Burghers on the Orten-gate shot fiercely upon the Enemies. This day the Magistrates denied (for the first time) Gunpowder amongst the Burghers. And one called Groen, sitting talking before his door, had one of his legs shot off.  
The 24, from the Hintemer gate, and Vuchtergate, were shot by ours above 300 shot upon the Enemies.  
The 25. (on S. james day) our Soldiers brought in 7 Boors, and a Boy, which they had fetched near under the Enemy's quarters; if the Boy had not cried, they would have gotten a Wagon with women, who were come to see. This night departed many Companies of the Enemies, and ours were in their Copse de guards, where they found no body. They brought a shallop full of Wheelbarrows, Shovels, Deals, and Wood  
The 26 the Burghers watches were altered out of the Gates, they were now commanded to go upon the steeples on the walls of the Town. The same day the Enemies made a great falley upon our Halfmoon; where there were slain many of them, and 7 of ours, with 10 hurt: yet we were forced to leave the fame.  
The 27 our soldiers fell out, and brought in again some Wheelbarrowes and other things, with some prisoners and Horses: but the Governor commanded that we should bring in no more Horses, because we had no food for them within the Town.  
The 28 a Baker's man coming at night homewards, going to bed, fell from the Chamber, who rose up, and went again to the Chamber, and to bed, who in the morning was found dead, and buried the next day: the Clerk hearing the dead sighing, called some men, and there came presently by hundreds together, to open the Grave, to fetch the man out; a Bachelor took him by the hand, and drew him out of the Chest, but he was dead, and remained dead; his cheeks were very red, and the blood ran out of his mouth, which many hundred men did see; whereupon the whole town was in alteration. On this day fresh butter was sold one Gilder a pound, and salt butter 30 stivers, a couple of young Pigeons for 24 stivers, a Pullet a rixdoller, a pound of Mutton 20 and 24 stivers, candles 12 stivers a pound, an Egg two blanks.  
The 29 and 30 the enemies shot with Arrows, such as we shoot with Bows. This day the Sho omakers and Lether-sellors did dry their Hides, because there was no tallow to be gotten: the Tallow of the beasts was sold for 12 stivers a pound, which we melted together with oil of Turnips, to be eaten upon bread: Also Mustard was mingled with oil of Turnips, to be eaten with bread: the Horses which were brought in, did eat the leaves of the trees, and the Constables did beat them from the walls into the ditches of the town; those that could not swim over, were drowned.  
The last day of the same month the Enemies shot in pieces on of the Mills.  
The first of August the Enemies shot very fiercely with Cannon and Muskets upon the Town; and the Burghers did much wonder that the Soldiers did keep watch in the Fishmarket, S. john's, and the Orten-gates▪ which were the best Watches  
The 2 the Enemies did a manful sally on the Counterscarp before the Vuchtergate, but were forced to retire, with great loss of theirs, and 4 of our s. The same day a child's head was shot off, and a woman's leg. At this time the Ecclesiastical persons, as Pater's of the jesuites priests, Friars S. john's Monks, Baselers, and others, did all together make up two Counterscarps or works, behind the Sistets of Orten. We got also tidings that the Imperialists were come into the Betuwe, and that they had taken Reven, and Wagemingen, but we afterwards understood the contrary.  
The 4 the enemies shot two shots near the Powder-steeple, so that a Mill fell down. The same day the Enemies made a sally upon the foremost Works, on the Vuchtergate, with about 500 Frenchmen, amongst which were many Gentiles and Volunteers: there were slain many of them, and they were forced to retire. The Enomies shot many Granads upon the Molen-brugger-wall, so that every one did retire from thence farther into the Town.  
The 5 the Enemies caused a Mine to spring, and they fell in the foreworke, but were forced with the loss of some Soldiers and Volunteers, to retire back again. The same day the enemies did send for their slain & hurt men, among which were many Gentiles.  
The 6 there was much shooting on both sides, upon and out of our foreworke. The Enemies killed with a shot from the Donck, 5 men on the Vuchter-gaete, and some lost their arms and legs: there were so many Granads shot into the town, that the people were forced to retire deeper into the town, and were much afraid: the Enemies fetched the earth with whole Baskets from the foreworke, and beside approached still.  
The 7 the Captain Campagne commanded a great many prisoners of the Enemies to go to the Donck, with the which he ran over unto the Enemies; with this Campagne lodged always the Drummers, and he knew all that which passed by the Governor in the town, which we do not doubt, but that he hath manifested it unto the Prince: they shot so fiercely with Granads, that we did not respect the shooting of the Ordnance: and there were daily slain so many men, that I leave to set down the number.  
The 8 the Enemies came into our foreworke, which we left to save our Soldiers, because there were daily many killed. The same day the Governor and Magistrates, caused the Burghers to be assembled, propounding that the Vuchteren wall should be entrenched, and the houses pulled down, unto which the Burghers were unwilling, saying; if we could not hold the Sconces and outworks, and if our walls of the town cannot resist, what shall it be when our houses are broken down, and we lose our grounds. And they said also, you have broken down (without our consent) the Windmills, you may also do this if it do like you.  
The 9, there was offered by the Governor and Magistrates, that whatsoever Burghers or voluntaries would go with the soldiers in the Trenches, for to resist the Enemies, that they may do it freely, whereupon some said, if we do it, it is more than reason that we should receive the King's money and bread.  
The 10 and 11 the Enemies shot many Granads, which caused great pitiful cry and damage.  
The 11 the Governors and the Magistrates caused the Burghers again to be assembled, propounding that it was certain that Captain Compagne had manifested unto the Enemies the state of the town, and that there should be chosen Commissioners, some out of the Clergy, some out of the Council of War, the third from among the Burghers, what they would ordain to make and to break, that same should be accomplished, unto which the Burghers would not condescend; therefore the Governors and Magistrates required of them, that they would subscribe an Act, that they could not coudescend unto the cutting off, of the Vuchteren wall, nor also would not go to the Trenches, of which there was nothing done. The Clergy was also assembled for to furnish money for the payment of the soldiers.  
The 12 the Enemies shot very fircely with Granads, of which one fell in the Crosse-brothers-Church; the which destroyed all the seats, and all the Glasses in the same Church. A Monk of about 80 years of age, was crushed in pieces, so that there was found nothing but one of his legs, and a piece of his head. This day there went three Messengers out of the town, from which the Pigeons did return. The same day there were buried in the town two French Counts: the one did serve the King, and the other the States.  
The 13 there was very fiercely shot, and at night were sent into the town 11 Granads, which did great hurt to the houses and men, so that every one was in fear: the same day the Governor and Precedent assembled with the Lord Bishop, to what end, is unknown to the Burghers: whereupon followed, that at night there went out about one thousand men, for to cut through a dam, but could not be brought to the effect. They brought in some prisoners, and killed some; This night the Granads did much hurt to the men and houses.  
The 14 in the morning the Enemies shot very fiercely into the town with Grenads, that it was very lamentable to see, and reigned some houses; of some the heaves and tops were damunified very much.  
The 15 the Enemies played very fiercely with their Canon.  
The 16 the Enemies shot above 300 shot upon the Vuchter gate and street, and about 25 Granads, so that the people could not go quietly in the streets; the Crosse-Brothers were fain to retire out of the Cloister, and went by the Friars to dwell, and to do their service. We got this day good tidings, whereupon was commanded unto the watches to let fly all their Ancients as well upon the gates, as the walls, for a token that we yet were well minded and courageous.  
The 17 the Enemies did nothing else but shoot with Ordnance, and threw 20 Granads in the town.  
The 18 the Enemies brought many Bavins for to fill the ditch. They did also a sally upon our Works before the Graefse-gate, which did endure from about 11 of the clock at noon, until 6 of the clock at night, where there were slain and hurt many on both sides; Also there were some upon the walls, but were forced to retire.  
The 19 there were sent 5 Granads upon the Vuchteren-wall, and then it was very quiet, but were brought near the town about 50 Wagons with Bavins, they shot but with three pieces of Ordnance, though at night again with Granads, so that the dead men which were buried, were digged out of their graves.  
The 20 the Enemies shot very fiercely upon the Vuchtergate and the bulwark, that there fell great breaches out of the said bulwark in the ditches; Also some Sconce-kornes fell down▪ the same day assembled the Governor, Precedent, and the Captains of the Burghers, with the Lord Bishop, but to what end remaineth secret. This day the Enemies did a sally upon the Works without the Graefse-gate, where they were beaten back, and many men were slain and hurt.  
The 21 the Enemies did again a sally upon the said Work, which ours were forced to leave.  
The 22 the soldiers of the Captain Dirck de leeve, brought in three horses, with a Cornet, which they took prisoner (as they say) from Wyckde duersten, by whom we understood that Count Henry vander bergh had taken Amersfort, and three days after pillaged it, and left it. Also that the Enemies had taken with an enterprise the town of Wesell.  
The 23 the Enemies shot again very fiercely with Canon, but no more with Granads, whereof we were glad: the Governors and Magistrates did ordain; that the Burghers in the morning and after dinner, should work three hours. At night the Enemies did make Bone fires, and joyful tokens for the taking of weasel, they played also with Ordnance and Muskets that never was seen the like.  
The 24 the Enemies did come very near with their approaches.  
The 25 the Enemies shot with granads upon the fishmarket, so that every one did put their householdstuff into the sellors, and themselves went deeper in the town.  
The 26 the Enemies did fill a part of the Ditches of the town, and approached every day very much, they threw with Granads, by which was set an house on fire, upon the which they shot very fiercely, by which means many Burghers and soldiers were slain: there came tidings that the Enemies had taken Santuliet, but was not true.  
The 27 in the morning betimes, two posts were sent to Brussels, which took with them pigeons; we had not had in 7 weeks any tidings nor Messengers: this day ours brought in the Drossart of Gorcums-man, with a brave horse, who said that Gount John of Nassaw was with 16000 men about Endhoven, and that it was intended upon Heusden. This day the Enemies were very much busy to fill the ditches, and shot very fiercely upon Saint john's steeple, and with granads in the Hintemer street, which caused great hurt on men and houses.  
The 29 the Enemies began again to shoot with granads, specially upon the Priest's Cloister, where were some houses altogether destroyed: this day there came a pigean in the town, which was a token that the said Posts were come through the Leaguer, and out of danger. The same day the Governor and Magistrates did command that the Vuchteren wall should be cut off; and the Magistrates gave Beer unto the Pioneers: the Governors divided also muition bread amongst the needy Burghers, if the town should be relieved, that then they should pay it again within half a year; if not, they should not pay for it. There was also sold Oil, Stockfish, Rise, and other victuals, that were bought for the Garrison, this was done for to get money. The Oil was sold for 25 stivers the Can, a pound of Rise 4 stivers, Stockfish 4 ½ stiver a pound.  
The 30 the Enemies were busy to fill up the ditches with Bavens; of which we set some on fire. The Enemies were so bold, that some looked over the Walls, which came not well to pass for them.  
The 31 we began to lose our courage, some Burghers refused to watch, and others to work; thereupon the Magistrates commanded that the Burghers should watch of two nights one: and unto those that did work was given Beer, Bread, and Cheese, for that they should be the more willing.  
The first of September there rose great alteration amongst the Burghers who dwelled upon the Vuchteren wall, because there was given order to make a Ditch on the Orchen, and through a Field behind jacob Gysbrechts', in that manner to cut thorough the said Wall; whereupon the Burghers (being 20 or 30 in number) went to the Precedent Henry Fransen van gessell, complaining unto him of the same, who gave them for answer, Beat them away if they be there.  
The 2 the same persons went into the Townhouse, where they got no contentment according to their mind, returning homewards, said, There lie our Arms, we will not watch, but keep our Houses and Vuchteren Wall, which was of more importance than their watching or working.  
The Enemies shot so fiercely upon the Coc-wall with Ordnance and Granads, that many houses were thrown down: there came also a bullet thorough St. john's Church, which damnified the whole Organs in our Ladies Quire.  
The 4 the Enemies shot so many Granads upon the Vuchteren wall, that no body could keep him there for fear of being hurt; the like was every where in the town.  
The Enemies came with their Galleries near our outworks, which we have before the Vuchtergate, over the ditch into our Bulwarks.  
The 5, 6, 7, and following days, the jealousy of the Burghers did more and more increase against the Governor, his brother-in-law, and the Precedent; Many said publicly, We were commanded to provide our houses upon great penalties, and now there is no Powder; We have many years brought up Fortification money and Subsidies, for to fortify the Walls and town, now we are well served, we have a rich Governor, a rich Precedent, &c, the which have cozened us very much, and such like injurious words; whereupon followed, that upon the 9 and 10 the Enemies took in the halfmoon before the Vuchtergate, and ours were retired into the Town.  
The 11 in the morning, there sprung a Mine in the great Bulwark, which did make such an alteration amongst the Burghers, that each cried for to parley: whereupon some were committed, and a great many of the Burghers ran upon the Walls, putting off their Hats, and so the composition was agreed upon, and subscribed on the 14, and the Governor, with the Garrison, and many Ecclesiastical persons, and some Burghers, marched out of the Town on the 17: whereupon there was in the town great heaviness.  
FINIS.