THE FAMOUS AND WONDERFUL RECOVERY of a Ship of Bristol, called the Exchange, from the Turkish Pirates of ARGIER. WITH THE UNMATCHABLE attempts and good success of john Rawlins, Pilot in her, and other slaves; who in the end with the slaughter of about 40. of the Turks and Moors, brought the Ship into Plymouth the 13. of February last; with the Captain a Renegado, and 5. Turks more, besides the redemption of 24. men, and one boy, from Turkish slavery.  
LONDON, Printed for Nathaniel Butter, dwelling at the Pied Bull at Saint Augustine's Gate. 1622.   

TO THE RIGHT HONOURABLE, GEORGE, Marquis of Buckingham, Viscount Villiers, Baron of Whaddon, Lord high Admiral of England, justice in Eyre of all his Majesty's Forests, Parks, and Chases beyond Trent, Master of the Horse to his Majesty, and one of the Gentlemen of his Majesty's Bedchamber; Knight of the most noble Order of the Garter, and one of his Majesty's most honourable Privy Council of England and Scotland.  
Right Honourable:  
SEeing it hath pleased God by so weak means, as my poor self, to have his power and goodness made manifest to the world, as by this following Relation may appear, I thought it my duty to present the same unto you, whom the Majesty of England hath presented unto us, as our Patron and chief Commander of our Sea-affaires: Accept it then, I humbly beseech you, as an unpolished work of a poor Sailer; and the rather for that it exemplifies the glory of God: for by such men, as myself, your Honour must be served, and England made the happiest of all Nations. For though you have greater persons, and more braving spirits to lie over our heads, and hold inferiors in subjection; yet are we the men that must pull the ropes, weigh up the anchors, toil in the night, endure the storms, sweat at the Helm, watch the Biticle, attend the Compass, guard the Ordnance, keep the night hours, and be ready for all impositions: If then you vouchsafe to entertain it, I have my desire. For according to the oath of jurors, it is the truth, and the very truth: If otherwise you suppose it trivial, it is only the prostitution of my service, and wisdom is not bought in the market.  
Your Honours humbly to be commanded,  
John Rawlins.   

THE FAMOUS and wonderful recovery of the Exchange of BRISTOL, from the Turkish Pirates of ARGIER.  
THe Psalmist saith, that he that goeth to sea, shall see the wonders of God: and I may well say, that he that converseth with Mariners and Sailors, shall hear of the wonders of men, as by this following discourse shall appear: not that I am willing to be the author of novelty, or amaze you with incredible reports; but because I would not let slip so remarkable an accident, and so profitable a relation: remarkable, as extending to manifest the power and glory of God, who hath variety of supportation in store to sweeten affliction, & make all endurances subject to fortitude and patience: profitable, as being thus far exemplary, to teach all men of action, and employment, not to despair in distress, and to know thus much, that brave attempts are compassed by resolution, and industrious employment, and whether they thrive or no, yet shall the enterprise be Charactered with a worthy exploit, and if it end with success, oh how shall the Actors be remembered to posterity! and make their fame immortal, that either purchased their liberty even out of fire, or delivered themselves, though by death itself, from slavish captivity, or the thraldom of barbarous Infidels, who glory in nothing more than the perdition of our souls, and derision of our Christ: Harken than I pray you to this following relation, and learn hereby, as I said, both to give God the praise of all deliverances, and to instruct one another in the absolute duties of Christianity. By the one, the power and providence with all the attributes belonging to so immense a deity, shall be made manifest: by the other, the weak brother shall be comforted, the strong confirmed, the wavering reduced, the faint hearted erected, and the presumptuous moderated: By both religion shall have a sweet passage in the consciences of men, and men made the happy instruments of God's glory, and their own increases of good example, and imitation. And thus much for preamble or introduction: now to the matter itself.  
In the year 1621. the first of November there was one john Rawlins borne in Rochester, and dwelling 23. year in Plymouth, employed to the straight of Gibraltar by Mr. Richard and Steven Treviles, merchants of Plymouth, and freighted in a bark called the Nicholas of Plymouth, of the burden of 40. Tun, which had also in her company another ship of Plymouth called the George Bonaventure of 70. Tun burden, or thereabout; which by reason of her greatness beyond the other, I will name the Admiral; and john Rawlins bark shall if you please be the Vice-admiral. These two according to the time of year, had a fair passage, and by the 18. of the same month came to a place at the entering of the straits named Trafflegar: but the next morning, being in sight of Gibraltar, at the very mouth of the straits, the watch descried 5. sail of ships, who as it seemed used all the means they could to come near us, and we as we had cause, used the same means to go as far from them: yet did their Admiral take in both his top sails, that either we might not suspect them, or that his own company might come up the closer together. At last perceiving us Christians, they fell from devices to apparent discovery of hostility, and making out against us: we again suspecting them Pirates, took our course to escape from them, and made all the sails we possibly could for Terriff, or Gibraltar: but all we could do, could not prevent their approach. For suddenly one of them came right over against us to wind ward, and so fell upon our quarter: another came upon our luffe, and so threatened us there, and at last all five chased us, making great speed to surprise us.  
Their Admiral was called Callfater, having upon her main topsail, two top-gallant sails, one above another. But whereas we thought them all five to be Turkish ships of war, we afterwards understood, that two of them were their prizes, the one a small ship of London, the other of the West country, that came out of the Quactath laden with figs, and other merchandise, but now subject to the Fortune of the sea, and the captivity of Pirates. But to our business. Three of these ships got much upon us, and so much that ere half the day was spent, the Admiral who was the best sailor, fetched up the George Bonaventure, and made booty of it. The Vide-admiral again being nearest unto the lesser bark, whereof john Rawlins was Master, showed him the force of a stronger arm, and by his Turkish name called Villa-Rise commanded him in like sort to strike his sails, and submit to his mercy, which not to be gainsaid nor prevented, was quickly done: and so Rawlins with his bark was as quickly taken, although the Rear Admiral being the worst sailer of the three, called Riggiprise, came not in, till all was done.  
The same day before night, the Admiral either loath to pester himself with too much company, or ignorant of the commodity was to be made by the sale of English prisoners, or daring not to trust them in his company, for fear of mutinies, and exciting others to rebellion; set 12. persons who were in the George Bonaventure on the land, and diverse other English, whom he had taken before, to try their fortunes in an unknown country. But Villa-Rise, the Vice-admiral that had taken john Rawlins, would not so dispense with his men, but commanded him and five more of his company to be brought aboard his ship, leaving in his bark three men and his boy, with thirteen Turks and Moors, who were questionless sufficient to overmaster the other, and direct the Bark to harbour. Thus they sailed directly for Argier; but the night following, followed them with great tempest and soul weather, which ended not without some effect of a storm: for they lost the sight of Rawlins Bark, called the Nicolas, and in a manner lost themselves, though they seemed safe a-shipboard, by fearful conjecturing what should become of us: at last by the 22. of the same month, they, or we, choose you whether (for I would not be mistaken in altering the persons, by either naming the first for the third, or the third for the first, but only make the discourse equal, by setting down the business honestly and truly, as it chanced) arrived at Argier, and came in safety within the Mould, but found not our other Bark there; nay though we earnestly inquired after the same, yet heard we nothing to our satisfaction; but much matter was ministered to our discomfort and amazement. For although the Captain and our overseers, were loath we should have any conference with our Countrymen; yet did we adventure to inform ourselves of the present affairs both of the Town, and the shipping: so that finding many English at work in other ships, they spared not to tell us the danger we were in, and the mischiefs we must needs incur, as being sure if we were not used like slaves, to be sold as slaves: for there had been 500 brought into the market for the same purpose, and above a 100 handsome youths compelled to turn Turks, or made subject to more vilder prostitution, and all English: yet like good Christians, they bade us be of good cheer, and comfort ourselves in this, that God's trials were gentle purgations, and these crosses were but to cleanse the dross from the gold, and bring us out of the fire again more clear and lovely. Yet I must needs confess, that they afforded us reason for this cruelty, as if they determined to be revenged of our last attempt to fire their ships in the Mould, and therefore protested to spare none, whom they could surprise, and take alive, but either to sell them for money, or torment them to serve their own turns. Now their customs and usages in both these was in this manner.  
First, concerning the first. The Bashaw had the over-seeing of all prisoners, who were presented unto him at their first coming into the harbour, and so chose one out of every eight for a present or fee to himself: the rest were rated by the Captains, and so sent to the market to be sold; whereat if either there were repining, or any drawing back, then certain Mores and officers attended either to beat you forward, or thrust you into the sides with goads, and this was the manner of the selling of slaves.  
Secondly, concerning their enforcing them, either to turn Turk, or to attend their filthiness & impieties, although it would make a Christians heart bleed to hear of the same, yet must the truth not be hid, nor the terror left untold. They commonly lay them on their naked backs, or bellies, beating them so long, till they bleed at the nose and mouth, and if yet they continue constant, than they strike the teeth out of their heads, pinch them by their tongues, and use many other sorts of tortures to convert them; nay many times they lay them their whole length in the ground like a grave, and so cover them with boards, threatening to starve them, if they will not turn, and so many even for fear of torment, and death, make their tongues betray their hearts to a most fearful wickedness, and so are circumcised with new names, and brought to confess a new religion. Others again, I must confess, who never knew any God, but their own sensual lusts, and pleasures, thought that any religion would serve their turns, and so for preferment or wealth very voluntarily renounced their faith, and became Renegadoes in despite of any counsel which seemed to intercept them: and this was the first news we encountered with at our coming first to Argier.  
The 26. of the same month, john Rawlins his Bark, with his other three men and a boy, came safe into the Mould, and so were put all together to be carried before the Bashaw, but that they took the Owners servant, and Rawlins boy, and by force and torture compelled them to turn Turks: then were they in all 7. English, besides john Rawlins, of whom the Bashaw took one, and sent the rest to their Captains, who set a valuation upon them, and so the soldiers hurried us like dogs into the market, whereas men sell Hackneys in England; we were tossed up and down to see who would give most for us; and although we had heavy hearts, and looked with sad countenances, yet many came to behold us, sometimes taking us by the hand, sometime turning us round about, sometimes feeling our brawns, and naked arms, and so beholding our prices written in our breasts, they bargained for us accordingly, and at last we were all sold, and the soldiers returned with the money to their Captains.  
john Rawlins was the last, who was sold, by reason of his lame hand, and bought by the Captain that took him, even that dog Villa Rise, who better informing himself of his skill fit to be a Pilot, and his experience to be an overseer, bought him and his Carpenter at very easy rates. For as we afterwards understood by diverse English Renegadoes, he paid for Rawlins but 150. dooblets, which make of English money seven pound ten shilling. Thus was he & his Carpenter with diverse other slaves sent into his ship to work, and employed about such affairs, as belonged to the well rigging & preparing the same. But the villainous Turks perceiving his lame hand, and that he could not perform so much as other slaves, quickly complained to their Patron, who as quickly apprehended the inconvenience; whereupon he sent for him the next day, and told him he was unserviceable for his present purpose, and therefore unless he could procure fifteen pound of the English there, for his ransom, he would send him up into the country, where he should never see Christendom again, and endure the extremity of a miserable banishment.  
But see how God worketh all for the best for his servants, and confoundeth the presumption of Tyrants, frustrating their purposes, to make his wonders known to the sons of men, and relieves his people, when they least think of succour and releasement. Whilst john Rawlins was thus terrified with the dogged answer of Villa Rise, the Exchange of Bristol, a ship formerly surprised by the Pirates, lay all unrigged in the harbour, till at last one john Goodale an English Turk, with his confederates, understanding she was a good sailer, and might be made a proper man of war, bought her from the Turks that took her, and prepared her for their own purpose: now the Captain that set them on work, was also an English Renegado, by the name of Rammetham Rise, but by his christian name Henry Chandler, who resolved to make Goodale Master over her, & because they were both English Turks, having the command notwithstanding of many Turks and Moors, they concluded to have all English slaves to go in her, and for their Gunners English and Dutch Renegadoes, and so they agreed with the Patrons of nine English, and one French slave for their ransoms, who were presently employed to rig and furnish the ship for a man of war, and while they were thus busied, two of john Rawlins men, who were taken with him, were also taken up to serve in this man of war, their names james Roe, and john Davies, the one dwelling in Plymouth, and the other in Foy, where the Commander of this ship was also borne, by which occasion they came acquainted, so that both the Captain, and the Master promised them good usage upon the good service they should perform in the voyage, and withal demanded of him, if he knew of any Englishman to be bought, that could serve them as a Pilot, both to direct them out of harbour, and conduct them in their voyage. For in truth neither was the Captain a Mariner, nor any Turk in her of sufficiency to dispose of her through the straits in security, nor oppose any enemy, that should hold it out bravely against them. Davies quickly replied, that as far as he understood, Villa Rise would sell john Rawlins his Master, and Commander of the Bark which was taken: A man every way sufficient for sea affairs, being of great resolution and good experience, and for all he had a lame hand, yet had he a sound heart and noble courage for any attempt or adventure.  
When the Captain understood thus much, he employed Davies to search for Rawlins, who at last lighting upon him, asked him if the Turk would sell him: Rawlins suddenly answered, that by reason of his lame hand he was willing to part with him, but because he had disbursed money for him, he would gain something by him, and so prized me at three hundred dooblets, which amounteth to fifteen pound English: which I must procure or incur sorer indurances. When Davies had certified thus much, the Turks a shipboard conferred about the matter, and the Master whose christian name was john Goodale joined with two Turks, who were consorted with him, and disbursed 100 dooblets apiece, and so bought him of Villa Rise, sending him into the said ship, called the Exchange of Bristol, as well to supervise what had been done, as to order what was left undone, but especially to fit the sails, and to accommodate the ship, all which Rawlins was very careful and indulgent in, not yet thinking of any peculiar plot of deliverance, more than a general desire to be freed from this Turkish slavery, and inhuman abuses.  
By the seventh of january the ship was prepared with 12. good cast pieces, and all manner of munition and provision, which belonged to such a purpose, and the same day haled out of the Mould of Argier, with this company and in this manner.  
There were in her 63. Turks and Moors, 9 English slaves, and one French: four Hollanders, that were free men, to whom the Turks promised one prize or other, and so to return to Holland, or if they were disposed to go back again for Argier, they should have great reward and no enforcement offered, but continue as they would both their religion and their customs: and for their Gunners they had two of our soldiers, one English and one Dutch Renegado; and thus much for the company. For the manner of setting out, it was as usual as in other ships, but that the Turks delighted in the ostentous bravery of their streamers, banners, & topsails: the ship being a handsome ship, and well built for any purpose: the slaves and English were employed under hatches about the Ordnance and other works of order, and accommodating themselves: all which john Rawlins marked, as supposing it an intolerable slavery to take such pains, and be subject to such dangers, and still to enrich other men, and maintain their voluptuous filthiness and lives, returning themselves as slaves, and living worse than their dogs amongst them.  
Whereupon after he had conceited upon the indignity, and reproach of their baseness, and the glory of an exploit, that could deliver himself and the rest, from this slavish captivity, being very busy among the English in pulling of ropes, and placing of Ordnance, he burst out into these, or such like abrupt speeches: Oh hellish slavery to be thus subject to dogs! to labour thus to enrich infidels, and maintain their pleasures, to be ourselves slaves, and worse than the outcast of the world: is there no way of releasement? no devose to free us from this bondage? no exploit, no action of worth to be put in execution, to make us renowned in the world, and famous to posterity? Oh God strengthen my heart and hand, and something shall be done to ease us of these mischiefs, and deliver us from these cruel Mahometan dogs. The other slaves pitying his distraction (as they thought) bade him speak softly, lest they should all far the worse for his distemperature. The worse, (quoth Rawlins) what can be worse? death is the determiner of all misery, and torture can last but a while: but to be continually a dying, and suffer all indignity and reproach, and in the end to have no welcome but into the house of slaughter or bondage, is unsufferable, and more than flesh and blood can endure: and therefore by that salvation which Christ hath brought, I will either attempt my deliverance at one time, or another, or perish in the enterprise: but if you would be contented to hearken after a release and join with me in the action, I would not doubt of facilitating the same, and show you a way to make your credits thrive by some work of amazement, & augment your glory in purchasing your liberty. I prithee be quiet (said they again) and think not of impossibilities: yet if you can but open such a door of reason, and probability, that we be not condemned for desperate and distracted persons, in pulling the Sunn● as it were out of the firmament, we can but sacrifice our lives, and you may be sure of secrecy and taciturnity. Now blessed be my Genius, said Rawlins, that ever this motive was so opportunely preferred, and therefore we will be quiet a while, till the iron be hotter, that we may not strike in vain.  
The 15. of januarie the morning water brought us near Cape de Gatt, hard by the shore, we having in our company a small Turkish ship of war, that followed us out of Argier the next day, and now joining with us, gave us notice of seven small vessels, six of them being Sattees, and one polack, who very quickly appeared in sight, and so we made toward them; but having more advantage of the polack, than the rest, and loath to lose all, we both fercht her up, and brought her past hope of recovery, which when she perceived, rather than she would voluntarily come into the slavery of these mahometans, she ran herself a shore, and so all the men forsook her; we still followed as near as we durst, and for fear of splitting, let fall our anchors, making out both our boats, wherein were many Musketeers, and some English and Dutch Renegadoes, who came aboard home at their Congee, and found three pieces of Ordnance, and four Murderers, but they strait way threw them all overboard to lighten the ship, and so they got her off, being laden with Hides, and Logwood for dying, and presently sent her to Argier, taking nine Turks, and one English slave, out of one ship, and six out of the less, which we thought sufficient to man her.  
But see the chance, or if you will, how fortune smiled on us: In the rifling of this Catelaynia, our Turks fell at variance one with another, and in such a manner, that we divided ourselves, the lesser ship returned to Argier, and our Exchange took the opportunity of the wind, and plied out of the straits, which rejoiced john Rawlins very much, as resolving on some Stratagem, when opportunity should serve: In the mean while, the Turks began to murmur, and would not willingly go into the Marr Granda, as the phrase is amongst them: notwithstanding the Moors, being very superstitious, were contented to be directed by their Hoshea, who with us signifieth a witch, and is of great account and reputation amongst them, as not going in any great vessel to Sea without one, and observing whatsoever he concludeth out of his divination: the ceremonies he useth are many, and when they come into the Ocean, every second or third night he maketh his conjuration; he beginneth and endeth with prayer, using many Characters, and calling upon God by diverse names: yet at this time, all that he did consisted in these particulars.  
Upon the sight of two great ships, and as we were afraid the chase, being supposed to be Spanish men of war, a great silence is commanded in the ship, and when all is done, the company giveth as great a skrich; the Captain still coming to john Rawlins, and sometimes making him take in all his sails, and sometimes causing him to hoist them all out, as the Witch findeth by his book, and presages; then have they two arrows, and a curtleaxe, lying upon a pillow naked; the arrows are one for the Turks, and the other for the Christians; then the Witch readeth, and the Captain or some other taketh the arrows in their hand by the heads, and if the arrow for the Christians cometh over the head of the arrow for the Turks, then do they advance their sails, and will not endure the fight, whatsoever they see: but if the arrow of the Turks is found in the opening of the hand upon the arrow of the Christians, then will they stay and encounter with any ship whatsoever: the Curtleaxe is taken up by some child, that is innocent, or rather ignorant of the ceremony, and so laid down again; then do they observe, whether the same side is uppermost, which lay before, and so proceed accordingly. They also observe Lunatics and changelings, and the Conjurer writeth down their sayings in a book, grovelling on the ground, as if he whispered to the Devil to tell him the truth, and so expoundeth the letter, as it were by inspiration. Many other foolish rites they have, whereon they do dote as foolishly, and whereof I could entreat more at large, but this shall suffice at this time.  
Whilst he was thus busied, and made demonstration that all was finished, the people in the ship gave a great shout, and cried out, a sail, a sail, which at last was discovered to be another man of war of Turks: for he made toward us, and sent his boat aboard us, to whom our Captain complained, that being becalmed by the Southern Cape, and having made no voyage, the Turks denied to go any further Northward: but the Captain resolved not to return to Argier, except he could obtain some prize worthy his endurances, but rather to go to Salle, and sell his Christians to victual his ship; which the other Captain apprehended for his honour, and so persuaded the Turks to be obedient unto him; whereupon followed a pacification amongst us, and so that Turk took his course for the straits, and we put up Northward, expecting the good hour of some beneficial booty.  
All this while our slavery continued, and the Turks with insulting tyranny set us still on work in all base and servile actions, adding stripes and inhuman revile, even in our greatest labour, whereupon john Rawlins resolved to obtain his liberty, and surprise the ship; providing ropes with broad specks of iron, and all the iron crows, with which he knew a way, upon consent of the rest, to ram up or tie fast their scuttels, gratings, and Cabins, yea to shut up the Captain himself with all his consorts, and so to handle the matter, that upon the watchword given, the English being masters of the Gunner room, Ordnance, and powder, they would either blow them into the air, or kill them as they adventured to come down one by one, if they should by any chance open their Cabins. But because he would proceed the better in his enterprise, as he had somewhat abruptly discovered himself to the nine English slaves, so he kept the same distance with the 4. Hollanders, that were free men, till finding them coming somewhat toward them, he acquainted them with the whole conspiracy, & they affecting the plot, offered the adventure of their lives in the business. Then very warily he undermined the English Renegado, which was the Gunner, and three more his associates, who at first seemed to retract. Last of all were brought in the Dutch Renegadoes, who were also in the Gunner room, for always there lay 12. there, five Christians, and 7. English and Dutch Turks: so that when another motion had settled their resolutions, and john Rawlins his constancy had put new life as it were in the matter, the 4. Hollanders very honestly according to their promise sownded the Dutch Renegadoes, who with easy persuasion gave their consent to so brave an enterprise; whereupon john Rawlins not caring whether the English Gunners would yield or no, resolved in the Captain's morning watch, to make the attempt: But you must understand that where the English slaves lay, there hung up always four or five crows of Iron, being still under the carriages of the pieces, and when the time approached being very dark, because john Rawlins would have his crow of iron ready as other things were, and other men prepared in their several places, in taking it out of the carriage by chance it hit on the side of the piece, making such a noise, that the soldiers hearing it awaked the Turks, and bade them come down: whereupon the Botesane of the Turks descended with a candle, and presently searched all the slaves places, making much ado of the matter, but finding neither hatchet nor hammer nor any thing else to move suspicion of the enterprise, more than the crow of iron, which lay slipped down under the carriages of the pieces, they went quietly up again, and certified the Captain what had chanced, who satisfied himself, that it was a common thing to have a crow of iron slip from his place.  
But by this occasion we made stay of our attempt, yet were resolved to take another or a better opportunity: only I must tell you, what john Rawlins would have done, if this accident had not happened: he was fully minded with some others with their naked knives in their hands, to press upon the Gunner's breast, and the other English Renegadoes, and either force them to consent to their designs, or cut their throats, first telling them plainly, that they had vowed to surprise the ship, and by God's assistance to obtain their liberty, and therefore either die or consent, that when you hear the watchword given, for God, and King james, and St. George for England, you presently keep your places and advice to execute what you are commanded.  
But as you have heard, God was the best Physician to our wounded hearts, and used a kind of preventing physic, rather than to cure us so suddenly: so that out of his providence perceiving some danger in this enterprise, he both caused us to desist, and at last brought our business to a better period, and fortunate end. For we sailed still more Northward, and Rawlins had more time to tamper with his Gunners, and the rest of the English Renegadoes, who very willingly, when they considered the matter, and prepended the reasons, gave way unto the project, & with a kind of joy seemed to entertain the motives: only they made a stop at the first onset, who should begin the enterprise, which was no way fit for them to do, because they were no slaves, but Renegadoes, and so had always beneficial entertainment amongst them. But when it is once put in practice, they would be sure not to fail them, but venture their lives for God and their country. When Rawlins had heard them out, he much liked their contradiction, and told them plainly, he did require no such thing at their hands, but the slaves and himself would first sound the channel, and then adventure the water, & so after reciprocal oaths taken, & hands given, Rawlins once again lay in wait for the fittest opportunity, but once again he is disappointed, and a suspicious accident brought him to recollect his spirits anew, and study on the danger of the enterprise, and thus it was.  
After the Renegado Gunner had protested secrecy by all that might induce a man to bestow some belief upon him, he presently went up the scottle, but stayed not aloft a quarter of an hour, nay he came sooner downe, and in the Gunner room sat by Rawlins, who tarried for him where he left him: he was no sooner placed, and entered into some conference, but there entered into the place a furious Turk with his knife drawn, and presented it to Rawlins his body, who verily supposed, he intended to kill him, as suspicious that the Gunner had discovered something, whereat Rawlins was much moved, and so hastily asked what the matter meant, or whether he would kill him or no, observing his countenance, and according to the nature of jealousy, conceiting that his colour had a passage of change, whereby his suspicious heart, condemned him for a Traitor: but that at more leisure he swore the contrary, and afterward proved faithful and industrious in the enterprise. And for the present he answered Rawlins in this manner, no Master be not afraid, I think he doth but jest. With that john Rawlins gave back a little and drew out kiss knife, stepping also to the Gunners sheath and taking out his, whereby he had two knives to one, which when the Turk perceived, he threw down his knife, saying he did but jest with him. But (as I said) when the Gunner perceived Rawlins took it so ill, he whispered something in his ear, that at last satisfied him, call heaven to witness, that he never spoke word of the enterprise, nor ever would, either to the prejudice of the business, or danger of his person: Notwithstanding Rawlins kept the knives in his sleeve all night, and was somewhat troubled, for that he had made so many acquainted with an action of such importance: but the next day when he perceived the coast clear, and that there was no cause of further fear, he somewhat comforted himself, and grew bolder and bolder in disposing the affairs of the ship, only it grieved him, that his enterprises were thus procrastinated, whereby the Mahumetane tyranny increased, and the poor slaves even groaned again under the burden of their bondage, and thought every day a year till some thing were put in execution for their deliverance: for it was now full five weeks, since Rawlins first projected the matter.  
All this while Rawlins drew the Captain to lie for the Northern Cape, assuring him, that thereby he should not miss purchase, which accordingly fallen out, as a wish would have it: but his drift was in truth to draw him from any supply, or second of Turks, if God should give way to their enterprise, or success to the victory: yet for the present the 6. of February being 12. leagues from the Cape, we descried a sail, and presently took the advantage of the wind in chase her, and at last fetched her up, making her strike all her sails, whereby we knew her to be a Bark belonging to Torbay near Dartmouth, that came from Auerare laden with salt: ere we had fully dispatched, it chanced to be foul weather, so that we could not, or at least would not make out our boat, but caused the Master of the Bark to let down his, and come aboard with his company, being in the Bark but 9 men, and one boy; and so the Master leaving his Mate with two men in the same, came himself with 5. men, and the boy unto us, whereupon our Turkish Captain sent 10. Turks to man her, amongst whom were two Dutch, and one English Renegado, who were of our confederacy, and acquainted with the business.  
But when Rawlins saw this partition of his friends, before they could hoist out their boat for the Bark, he made means to speak with them, and told them plainly, that he would prosecute the matter either that night, or the next, and therefore whatsoever came of it they should acquaint the English with his resolution, and make toward England, bearing up the helm, whiles the Turks slept, and suspected no such matter: for by God's grace in his first watch about midnight, he would show them a light, by which they might understand, that the enterprise was begun, or at least in a good forwardness for the execution: and so the boat was let down, and they came to the Bark of Torbay, where the Master's Mate being left (as before you have heard) apprehended quickly the matter, and heard the discourse with amazement. But time was precious, & not to be spent in disputing, or casting of doubts, whether the Turks that were with them, were able to master them, or no, being seven to six, considering they had the helm of the ship, and the Turks being soldiers, and ignorant of Sea affairs, could not discover, whether they went to Argier, or no; or if they did, they resolved by Rawlins example to cut their throats, or cast them over board: and so I leave them to make use of the Renegadoes instructions, and return to Rawlins again.  
The Master of the Bark of Torbay, and his company were quickly searched, and as quickly pillaged, and dismissed to the liberty of the ship, whereby Rawlins had leisure to entertain him with the lamentable news of their extremities, and the adventure of their voyages, whereby he understood of his first setting out from the West country, of his taking and surprising at Sea by Villa Rise, of his twice being sold as a slave, and so continuing to his heartburning and excruciation; of the making the Exchange of Bristol a man of war, which they were now in; of the Captain and Master, who were both English Renegadoes; of the cruelty of the Turks in general, and his own fortunes in particular; of his admission into the ship as a Pilot; of the friendship which passed between him and the Hollanders; of the imparting the secret of surprising the ship both to the slaves and Christian Renegadoes; of their consent and courageous apprehension of the matter; of the first attempt, and their twice disappointing; of his still resolution presently to put it in practice; of his last acquainting the Dutch Renegadoes, who went aboard his Bark; and in a word, of every particular which was befitting to the purpose: yea he told him, that that night he should lose the sight of them, for they would make the helm for England, and he would that night and evermore pray for their good success, and safe deliverance.  
When the Master of the Bark of Torbay had heard him out, and that his company were partakers of his story, they became all silent, not either diffident of his discourse, or afraid of the attempt, but as wondering at the goodness of God, and his mercy, in choosing out such weak instruments to set forth his glory. True, quoth Rawlins, when he found them coming toward him, it is so: For mark but the circumstances of the matter, and you shall see the very finger of God to point us out our deliverance. When we came into the main Ocean to hunt after prizes, according to the nature of Pirates, and that I resolved on the enterprise, there were 65. Turk's in our ship, and only 17. of our confederacy; than it pleased God to abate us 10. of the Turks, who were sent to Argier with the Pollaker before recited; and when we were disappointed again of our purposes, you see now what hath chanced, we are rid of more Turks, and welcome you as a new supply; so that if you please, we shall be 24. strong, and they in all are but 45: Be therefore courageous, and let us join heart, hand, and foot together, that we may execute this brave attempt, for God's glory, our Country's honour, the good example of other, our own deliverance, and if we may not be counted vainglorious, our everlasting memory.  
By that time he had finished this discourse also, the Master of the Bark and his company resolved to assist him, as projecting the misery and wretchedness they should endure by being slaves to the Turks, and the happiness of their liberty, besides the reputation of the enterprise; as for death, it was in community to all men, and so in the hands of God to dispose at his pleasure, and either could not happen before the hour of limitation, or could not be prevented: for humane policy must submit to Divine providence: yet to show himself an understanding man, he demanded of Rawlins, what weapons he had: and in what manner he would execute the business, to which he answered, that he had ropes, and iron hooks to make fast the scottels, gratings, and cabbines, he had also in the Gunner room two Curtleaxes, and the slaves had five crows of iron before them: Besides, in the scuffling they made no question of some of the soldiers weapons: then for the manner, he told them, they were sure of the Ordnance, the Gunner room, and the Powder, and so blocking them up, would either kill them as they came down, or turn the Ordnance against their Cabins, or blow them into the air by one stratagem or other, and thus were they contented on all sides, and resolved to the enterprise.  
The next morning being the seventh day of February the prize of Torbay was not to be seen or found, whereat the Captain began to storm and swear, commanding Rawlins to search the seas up and down for her, who bestowed all that day in the business, but to little purpose: whereupon when the humour was spent, the Captain pacified himself, as conceiting he should sure find her at Argier: but by the permission of the ruler of all actions, that Argier was England, and all his wickedness frustrated: for Rawlins being now startled, lest he should return in this humour for the straits, the 8. of February went down into the hold, and finding a great deal of water below, told the Captain of the same, adding, that it did not come to the Pump, which he did very politicly, that he might remove the Ordnance: For when the Captain asked him the reason, he told him the ship was too far after the head: then he commanded to use the best means he could to bring her in order: sure then quoth Rawlins we must quit our Cables, and bring 4, pieces of Ordnance after, and that would bring the water to the Pump, which was presently put in practice, so the pieces being usually made fast thwart the ship, we brought two of them with their mouths right before the byticle, and because the Renegadoe Flemings would not begin, it was thus concluded: that the ship having three decks, we that did belong to the Gunner room should be all there, & break up the lower deck. The English slaves, who always lay in the middle deck, should do the like, and watch the scuttels: Rawlins himself prevailed with the Gunner, for so much powder, as should prime the pieces, and so told them all there was no better watchword, nor means to begin, then upon the report of the piece to make a cry and skrich, for God, and King james, and Saint George for England.  
When all things were prepared, and every man resolved, as knowing what he had to do, and the hour when it should happen, to be two in the after noon, Rawlins advised the Master Gunner to speak to the Captain, that the soldiers might attend on the Poop, which would bring the ship after: to which the Captain was very willing, and upon the Gunner's information, the soldiers got themselves to the Poop, to the number of twenty, and 5. or 6. went into the Captain's cabin, where always lay diverse Curtleaxes, and some targets, and so we fell to work to pump the water, and carried the matter fairly till the next day, which was spent as the former, being the ninth of February, and as God must have the praise, the triumph of our victory.  
For by that time all things were prepared, and the soldiers got upon the Poop as the day before: to avoid suspicion, all that did belong to the Gunner room went down, and the slaves in the middle deck attended their business, so that we may cast up our account in this manner. First, nine English slaves, besides john Rawlins: five of the Torbay men, and one boy, four English Renegadoes, and two Dutch, four Hollanders: in all 24. and a boy: so that lifting up our hearts and hands to God for the success of the business, we were wonderfully encouraged, and settled ourselves, till the report of the piece gave us warning of the enterprise. Now you must consider, that in this company were two of Rawlins men, james Roe and john Davies, whom he brought out of England, and whom the fortune of the sea brought into the same predicament with their Master. These were employed about noon (being as I said the ninth of February) to prepare their matches, while all the Turks or at least most of them stood on the Poop to weigh down the ship as it were, to bring the water forward to the Pump: the one brought his match lighted between 2. spoons the other brought his in a little piece of a Can: and so in the name of God, the Turks and Moors being placed as you have heard, and 45 in number, and Rawlins having proined the Tuch-holes, james Roe gave fire to one of the pieces, about two of the clock in the after noon, and the confederates upon the warning, shouted most cheerfully: the report of the piece did tear and break down all the Bitickell, and compasses, and the noise of the slaves made all the soldiers amazed at the matter, till seeing the quarter of the ship rend, and feeling the whole body to shake under them: till understanding the ship was surprised, and the attempt tended to their utter destruction, never Bear robbed of her whelps was so fell and mad: For they not only called us dogs, and cried out, Usance de Lamair, which is as much as to say, the Fortune of the wars: but attempted to tear up the planks, setting a work hammers, hatchets, knives, the oars of the Boat, the Boat hook, their curtleaxes, and what else came to hand, besides stones and bricks in the Cook room; all which they threw amongst us, attempting still and still to break and rip up the hatches, and boards of the steering, not desisting from their former execrations, and horrible blasphemies and revile.  
When john Rawlins perceived them so violent, and understood how the slaves had cleared the decks of all the Turks and Moors beneath, he set a guard upon the Powder, and charged their own Muskets against them, killing them from diverse scoutholes, both before and behind, and so lessened their number, to the joy of all our hearts, whereupon they cried out and called for the Pilot, and so Rawlins, with some to guard him, went to them, and understood them by their kneeling, that they cried for mercy, and to have their lives saved, and they would come down, which he bade them do, and so they were taken one by one, and bound, yea killed with their own Curtleaxes; which when the rest perceived, they called us English dogs, and reviled us with many opprobrious terms, some leaping overboard, crying it was the chance of war, some were manacled, and so thrown overboard, and some were slain and mangled with the Curtlaxes, till the ship was well cleared, and ourselves assured of the victory.  
At the first report of our piece, and hurly-burly in the decks, the Captain was a writing in his cabin, and hearing the noise, thought it some strange accident, and so came out with his Curtleaxe in his hand, presuming by his authority to pacify the mischief: But when he cast his eyes upon us, and saw that we were like to surprise the ship, he threw down his Curtleaxe, and begged us to save his life, intimating unto Rawlins, how he had redeemed him from Villa Rise, and ever since admitted him to place of command in the ship, beside honest usage in the whole course of the voyage. All which Rawlins confessed, but withal added, the fearfulness of his Apostasy from Christianity, the unjustifiable course of Piracy, the extreme cruelty of the Turks in general, the fearful proceedings of Argier against us in particular, the horrible abuses of the Moors to Christians, and the execrable blasphemies they use both against God and men. I will not dwell on his reply, nor on the circumstances of atonement, only I am sure Rawlins at last condescended to mercy, and brought the Captain & five more into England. The Captain was called Ramtham Rise, but his Christian name Henry Chandler, and as they say, a Chandler's son in Southwarck. john Goodale was also an English Turk. Richard Clarke, in Turkish, jafar; George Cook, Ramdam; john Browne, Mamme; William Winter, Mustapha; besides all the slaves and Hollanders, with other Renegadoes, who were willing to be reconciled to their true Saviour, as being formerly seduced with the hope of riches, honour, preferment, and such like devilish baits, to catch the souls of mortal men, and entangle frailty in the tarriers of horrible abuses, and imposturing deceit.  
When all was done, and the ship cleared of the dead bodies, john Rawlins assembled his men together, and with one consent gave the praise unto God, using the accustomed service on shipboard, and for want of books lifted up their voices to God, as he put into their hearts, or renewed their memories: then did they sing a Psalm, and last of all embraced one another for playing the men in such a deliverance, whereby our fear was turned into joy, and trembling hearts exhillirated, that we had escaped such inevitable dangers, and especially the slavery and terror of bondage, worse than death itself: The same night we washed our ship, put every thing in as good order as we could, repaired the broken quarter, set up the Biticle, and bore up the Helm for England, where by God's grace and good guiding, we arrived at Plymouth, the 13. of February, and were welcomed like the recovery of the lost sheep, or as you read of a loving mother, that runneth with embraces to entertain her son from a long voyage, and escape of many dangers.  
Not long after we understood of our confederates, that returned home in the bark of Torbay, that they arrived in Pensance in Cornwall the 11. of February: and if any ask after their deliverance, considering there were ten Turks sent to man her, I will tell you that too: the next day after they lost us, as you have heard, and that the three Renegadoes had acquainted the Master's mate, and the two English in her with Rawlins determination, and that they themselves would be true to them, and assist them in any enterprise: then if the worst came, there were but 7. to 6. but as it fell out, they had a more easy passage, then turmoil, or manslaughter. For they made the Turks believe, the wind was come fair, and that they were sailing to Argier, till they came within sight of England, which one of them amongst the rest discovered, saying plainly, that that land was not like Cape Vincent; yes saith he that was at the helm, and you will be contented, and go down into the hold, and trim the salt over to windward, whereby the ship may bear full sail, you shall know and see more to morrow: Whereupon five of them went down very orderly, the Renegadoes feigning themselves asleep, who presently start up, and with the help of the two English, nailed down the hatches, whereat the principal amongst them much repined, and began to grow into choler and rage, had it not quickly been overpassed. For one of them stepped to him, and dashed out his brains, and threw him overboard: the rest were brought to Exeter, and either to be arraigned, according to the punishment of delinquents in such a kind, or disposed of, as the King and Council shall think meet: and this is the story of this deliverance, and end of john Rawlins voyage.  
Now gentle Reader, I hope you will not call in question the power and goodness of God, who from time to time hath extended his mercy to the miraculous preservation of his servants, nor make any doubt that he hath still the same arm and vigour, as he had in times past, when Gedeons' 300. men overcame the Midianites: and many ancient stratagems are recorded to have had a passage of success, even within our memories, to execute as great a wonder as this: nor do I think you will be startled at any thing in the discourse, touching the cruelty and inhumanity of Turks, and Moors themselves, who from a native barbarousness do hate all Christians and Christianity, especially if they grow into the violent rages of piracy, or fall into that exorbitant course of selling of slaves, or enforcing men to be mahumetans. Nor can I imagine, you will call in question our natural desire of liberty, and saving of our lives, when you see from instinct of nature all the creatures of the world come to the law of preservation; and our Saviour himself alloweth the flying out of one City into another in the time of persecution; and Paul by saying he was a Roman procured his delivery. Well then: It is only the truth of the story you are amazed at, making doubt, whether your belief of the same may be bestowed to your own credit: I can say no more; the actors in this Comic Tragedy are most of them alive; the Turks are in prison; the ship is to be seen, and Rawlins himself dare justify the matter. For he hath presented it to the Marquis, a man not to be dallied withal in these things, nor any way to be made partaker of deceit. Nay, I protest, I think, he durst not for his ears (concerning the substance) publish such a discourse to open overlooking, if it were not true. As for illustration, or cementing the broken pieces with well tempered mortar, blame him not in that: for precious stones are worn enamelled, and wrought in gold, which otherwise would be still of value and estimation; but polished, and receiving the addition of Art and cunning, who doth not account the better, and esteemeth himself the richer for their possession? So then; entertain it for a true and certain discourse: apply it, make use of it, and put it to thy heart for thy comfort. It teacheth the acknowledgement of a powerful, provident, and merciful God, who will be known in his wonders, and make weak things the instruments of his glory. It instructeth us in the practice of thanksgiving, when a benefit is bestowed, a mercy shown, and a deliverance perfected. It maketh us strong and courageous in adversity, like cordial restoratives to a sick heart, & our patience shall stand as a rock against the impetuous assaults of affliction. It is a glorious Sun to dissipate the clouds of desperation, and cheer us thus far, that God can restore us, when we are under the pressure of discomfort and tribulation: for preferment comes neither from the East, nor the West, but from him that holdeth the winds in his hands, and puts a hook in the nostrils of Leviathan: so that if he do not give way to our contentment, it is because he will supply us with better graces, or keep us from the Adder's hole of temptation, whereat if we tarry, we shall be sure to be stung unto the death. In a word, it is a mirror to look virtue in the face, and teach men the way to industry and noble performances, that a brave spirit and honest man shall say with Nehemiah, Shall such a man as I fly? Shall I fear death, or some petty trial, when God is to be honoured, my Country to be served, my King to be obeyed, Religion to be defended, the Commonwealth supported, honour and renown obtained, and in the end the crown of immortality purchased?   

The names of those English Renegadoes, as consented, and joined with the Slaves in the Recovery of the Ship, were these.  
Richard Clarke, the Gunner, called in Turkish jafar.  
George Cook, Gunners-mate, called in Turkish Ramedam.  
William Winter, Carpenter, in Turkish, Mustapha.  
john Browne, in Turkish, Memme.  
One Dutch Renegado.  
Four Dutch Slaves.  
One French Slave.  
Five Englishmen and one boy, taken but three days before.  
Nine English slaves which they took with them from Argier. In all 24. men and a boy. Which were all safely landed at Plymouth, the 13. of February 1621.  
They saved alive of the 45. Turks and Moors, the Captain, one Henry Chandler, borne in Southwark, an English Renegado; and five Turks more, who are at this present in Plymouth jail. etc.