THE FORM Of the Agreement made at Strumsdorff. Of the Truce for twenty six years to come, concluded betwixt The High and Mighty Prince, the King's Majesty of Poland, Great Duke of Lettow, etc. as also of the Kingdom of Poland, and Great Dukedom of Lettow; on the one Party. AND The High and Mighty Princess, the Queen's Majesty, and Kingdom of Sweden; on the other Party. Comprised in twenty four Articles. LONDON, Printed by Thomas Harper, for Nathaniel Butter, and Nicholas Bourne, 1635. FORMULA Stumsdorfianorum pactorum de induciis XXVI. annorum inter Sereniss. Poloniae Regem, Magnumque Ducem Lithuaniae, etc. & Regnum Poloniae, Magnum Ducatum Lithuaniae; ab unâ & Sereniss. Reginam, Regnumque Sueciae; ab altera parte sancitis: XXIV. articulis comprehensa. LONDINI, Apud Thomam Harperum pro Nathaniele Butter & Nicolao Bourn, 1635. VLadislaus IU. Dei gratia Poloniae, Magnus Dux Lithuaniae, etc. Significamus, etc. Dedisse Nos Commissarios nostros plena potestate ac mandatis Jnstructos ad Tractandum, (interveniente mediatione Serenissimorum Galliae & Magnae Britanniae Regum, aliorumque Principun) de pace aut Jnauciis cum Serenissima Principe, ac Domina Christina, Suecorum, Gothorum, Vandolorumque designata Reginâ, Magna Principe Finlandiae, etc. consanguinea nostra, & Regno Sueciae. Qui congressi cum Serenitacis eius, & Regni Sueciae Commissariis; sequentia Pacta, (uti verbotenus infra sunt expressa & inserta) inierunt, statuerunt, ac concluserunt. VLadslaus the fourth, by the grace of God King of Poland, great Duke of Lettow, etc. We do hereby signify, etc. That we have given most full authority unto our Commissioners, with sufficient Mandates and Instructions: to treat (the mediation of the High and Mighty Princes the Kings of Great Britain, and of France; with some other Prince's intervening) upon a Peace and Cessation of Arms, with the High and Mighty Princess and Lady, Christina designed Queen of the Suedens', Goths, and Vandals, Great Princess of Finland, Our Cousin; as also with the Kingdom of Sweden. Who meeting with the Commissioners of her Majesty, and the Kingdom of Sweden: have agreed, set down, and concluded upon these following Articles: as they are, word for word, here expressed and inserted. NOS, Serenissimi ac Potentissimi Principis ac Domini, Dn. Vladislai IU. Dei Gratia Regis Poloniae, ac Magni Ducis Lithvaniae, etc. ●tque inclitae Repub. Polonae Commissarii: Jacobus Zadzik Episcopus Culmensis & Pomesaniae, Nominatus Cracoviensis, Dux Severiensis, Generalis Praepositus Miechoviensis, Supremus Regni Poloniae Cancellarius: Raphael Comes de Lesno, Palatinus Belzensis, Rubiessoviensis, etc. Praefectus: Magnus Ernestus Donnhoff Casteltanus Pernaviensis; Derpatensis, Oberpoliensis Praefectus: Remigius de Otok Zalesky Referendarius Regni: jacobus â Sobiezin Sobiesky Incisor Regni; Crasnostaviensis, javoroviensis Praefectus. Notum testatumque facimus Vnive●sis▪ quorum interest; quod cum induciae Sexen●ales inter Serenissimos ac Potentissimos Reges ac Regna Poloniae & Sueciae eo inter alia fine Anno 1629 sancitae essen●; ut interea vel de pace perpetua vel inductis longioribus intervemente mediatione Serenissimorum ac Potentissimorum Galliae & Angliae Regum aliorumque Principum, loco & tempore, de quibus per sereniss. Electorem randeburgicum, etc. Vnum ex iisdem Medi●toribus, inter Partes conventum esset, age●etur: Jnde post quam à sua serenitate per ejusdem Legatos Illustr. Principem Sigismundum Marchionem Brandeburgicum, & Illustres ac Magnificos Andream à Creutzen, Consiliarium Ducalis Prussiae, Regentem & Praefectum Provincialem; johannem Georgium à Sauken Cons●iarium Regentem & Cancellarium: Bernhardum à Konigseck Consiliarium Provincialem, Georgium à Rausckeu Consiliarium Judicii, aulici & Petrum Bergkmannum Consiliarium, Secretioris Consilii invitati Stumsdorfium, cum Illustr. Serenissimae Regnique Sueciae Commissariis; Domino Petro Brabe Comite in Visingsburg Lib. Barone in Rydholm & Lindholm Regni Sueciae Senatore, Legifero Wesmanniae Montanorum & Dale-Carlorum; Hermanno Wrangelio Regni Sueciae Senatore & Exercituum Campi-Mareschallo Haereditario in Lergeholm, Sko Closter, Equite Aurato; Achatio Axelii, Regni Sueciae Senatore & Legifero Nericiae, Haereditario in Coxholm, &c joanne Oxenstierna Axelii seren: Reginae Consiliario secretiore, Lib Barone in Kimitho, Domino in Fiholm & ●idoen: & joanne Nicodemi serenissimae Reginae secretario, & ad Exercitum Prussicum Commissario Generali, Convenissemus: ac interventu inprimis sereniss. & Potentissimi Principis Domini, Domint Ludovici 13. Franciae & Navarrae Reg is Christianismi per Illustrissimum Dominum Claudium de Mesmes, Equitem Anratum, Dominum de Avax, Comitem Consistorianum etc. R M. per Septren rionem extraordinarium Legatum; ac sereniss. & potentiss. Principis Domini Domini Caroli Magnae Britaniae, etc. Regis, Fidei Defensoris, per Illustriss. Dominum Georgium Douglassium, Equitem Auratum, S. R. M. Legatum; nec non Celsorum ac Praepotentium D. D. Ordinum Belgii per Illustres & Magnificos Legatos Dominos Rochum van den Honaert Primarius suprema Hollandiae, Zelandiae, Westphrisiaque Curia Consiliarium, Andream Bicker Consulem Civitat is Amstelredamensis, & joachimum Andreae in suprema Frisiae Curia Consiliarium pacis Tractatum auspicati essemus, ac diu multumque agitassemus; eo tandem divino Numine favente praedictisque Illustrissimis Legatis indefessam operam huic negotio impendentibus, rem deduximus, ut cum praememòratis Serenissimae Reginae Regnique Sueciae Commissariis de Induciis admodum sequentem convenimus, statuerimus & concluserimus. I. SInt juduciae ex hoe die inter Serenissimum Principem & Dominum, Dominum Vladislaum IU. Regem Poloniae, Magnum Ducem Lithvaniae, etc. Dominum nostrum clementissimum, Suae Majestatis successores, Reges Poloniae Magnos Duces Lithvaniae, Regnumque Poloniae & Magnum Ducatum Lithvaniae, ex unâ, & inter Serenissimam Principissam & Dominam, Dominam Christianam, Svecorum, Gotthorum, Vandalo umqued signatam Reginam, Magnam Principissam Finlandiae, etc. Suae Majestatis successores, Reges Svecorum, Regnumque Sveciae, ex alterâ parte, annis sequentibus viginti sex à datâ praesentium computando, usque ad primam julii, stilo veteri Anno M.DC.LXI. II. Sit omnium utrinque ante actorum amnistia. Jmprimis Sac: Regia Majestas, ejusque Successores. Reges, Regnumque Poloniae, & Magni Ducatus Lithaviae abstineant durantibus induciis omni hostilitate, adversus Reginam, Regnumque Svecorum iisque mediate vel immediatè subjectas Provincias, Castra, Civitates, ac Territoria, neque quicquam perse, vel per alios moliantur, aut tentent, tentariuè faci●nt in horum detrimentum aut praejudicium. Ad eundem modum Serenissima Regina ejusque Successores, Reges Regnumque Sveciae abstineant durantibus Jnduciis omni hostilitate adversus Regem, Regnumque Poloniae, & Magnum Duc●tum Lithvania, iisque mediatè vel immediatè subjectas Provincias, Castra, Civitates ac Territoria, neque quecquam perse vel per alios moliatur, tentent, tentariuè facrant, in horum detrimentum & praejudicium. III. Serenissimo Regi ae Reipub. Polonae, Serenissima Regina Regnumque Sveciae reddat cam partem Prussiae, quam hactenus occupatam possidet, ita tamen, ut Pillavia Electori Brandenburgico Duci in Prussia immediate restituatur; possidenda eojure, quo ante hoc bellum habuit. IV. In restituendis verò locis, hoc observetur: ut exhibitâ Commissariis Svevicis Regis Poloniae ratificatione, nec non interposit â Senatorum cautione, & Commissariorum Polonicorum lege comitiali ad latus Regis à Rep. delegatorum, de tradenda primo quoque tempore Reip. ratificatione, Mariaeburgum cum Jnsulâ majori, Stuma, Brunsberga, ac Tolckemitum, cum eorum territorriis, deductis praesdiis reddatur in manus Commissariorum Regis ac Regni Poloniae. Hauptium verò & junckertreil praesentibus utriusque partis deputatis solo aequentur, suis cuique fundis & bonis relictis: & exercitus utrinque abducantur intra id tempus, codem modo & ordine, quo inter Generales utriusque partis convenerit. Elbingam verò cum pristino ejus Territorio, atque insulâ minori ac munimentis ibi exstructis, nec non Pillaviam cum eâ parte Neringiae, quae eò spectat, retineat sua Regia Majestas Regnumque Sveciae, donec ratificatio Reip. Polonae subsecuta fuerit: quâ tradit â, illa quoque loca intra dies quatuordecim, deductis sine damno Jncolarum praesidiis restituat. Hoc observato, ut fortalitia omnia Elbingae exstructa, relinquantur omnia eo instatu, in quo nunc sunt, & eâdem custodiâ ut ante hoc bellu●. V. Post restitutionem locorum omnium vectigalia in eum mox redigantur statum, & in illud ius, in quo erant ante hoc bellum, servatâ in omnibus aequalitate, uti antea fuit. VI Acta, iudicata, ac decreta cujuscunque fuerint instantiae, vel judicu, inscriptiones, contractus, transactiones, aliaque omnia, quae statui publico uti is fuit ante bellum, non derogant, vel hiscep ctis per expressum non sunt reservata, belli vel induciarum tempore, sive Magistratuum authoritate, & judicialiter gesta, firmum robur obtineant, aequè ac si priore rerum statu omnia acta fuissent, nec ulla unquam regimims & Magistratuum mutatio intervenisset. VII. Jn Livonia utraque pars, uti praeteritis sexennalibus induciis possedit, ita hisce quoque possideat. VIII. Rex ac Resp. Bolona receptas in fidem suam Civitates ac Territoria, eorumque Magistratus, Communitates; Cives, Jncolas & subditos universos omni meliore modo indemnes, praest et, ac eâdem, quo olim, Clementia & Gratina prosequatur, foveat ac tueatur: gaudeantque universi & singuli possessionibus, juribus, Privilegiis, consuetudinibusque, suis, (tam generalibus ac communibus, quam specialibus) sine exceptione, quibus ante hoc bellum gavisi sunt: praesertim vero Civitas Elbingensis in usu s●gills terrarum Prussiae, & consueto sessionis loco conservetur, postquam debitum suae Regiae Majestati Juramentum fidelitatis praestiterit, salvo manente libero in locis restitutis, uti antea viguit. Evangelicae Religionis exercitio, manente quoque libero Catholicae Religionis exercitio, in templo praesertim Parochiali Veteris Civitatis Elbingensis uti ante bellum. IX. Cunctae actiones adversus illos, qui partes Ser●nissimo●um Regum ac Reginae Sveciae quocunque modo secuti sunt, aut secuti esse insimulantur, cujusque sint status & ordinis, five privati vixerint, vel officio publico functi, ac servitiis Sacrae Regiae Majestatis, Regnique Sueciae obstricti fuerint, vel instituendae, vel institutae, cessent, & si quae intentatae sunt, tollantur, omnique careant executione in perpetuum, nec quisquam de iis, quae belli, Jnduciarumve tempore ex occasione ejusdem belli vel induciarum intercesserunt▪ cui quam respondere teneatur. Et si quid in contrari●●m susceptum, factumve est, aut rescriptum vel decretum aliquod in absentiâ partis obtentum, id omne sit irritum, ●●lliusque valoris. X. Si cui, aut quibus non placuerit in restitutis Civitatibus aut territoriis manere, sed potiùs mutato domicilio ad alios se conferre, liberum sit in spatio trium annorum, à data praesentium numerando, sua divendere, aliis locare, aut pro suo libitu distrahere sine ullo impedimento aut onere, sub quocunque pretextu imponendo, salvis antiquis Civitatum puribus ac consuetudinibus. XI. Si qui exulum, qui extra Sueciam apud Polonos versannur, & partes Serenissimorum Regum Poloniae secuti sunt, in Patriam redire quacunque de causa voluerint, salvum quaerant conductum, quo impetrato, fruantur beneficio legum & statutorum Regni Succiae. XII. In locis quocunque tempore juxta praesentia pacta restituendis, relinquantur bonâ fide omnia mobilia Ecclesiarum, quae in praesens reperiuntur uti sunt vasa ac vestes sacrae, campanae, aliaque ad usum Ecclesiasticum servientia, tum libri Cancellariae, Privilegia & acta publica. Si quae tamen temporum iniuria à milite sunt direpta, aut aliorum negligentiâ corrupta, ulterior in id inquisitio non instituatur, nec quisquam ad restitutionem teneatur. Tormenta item bellica & Bombardae majores, quae tempore occupationis inventae fuerunt, & adhuc in restituendis Civitatibus vel locis sunt, celinquantur. XIII. De iis, quae durante bello iure fisci cuiquam ademta, & vel Fisco illata, vel aliis donata sunt; ita convenit, ut immebilia sive Regis & Reip. sive etiam privatorum sint bona, quorum donationes utrinque factae sunt, sidonatarits jam tradita sint antiquis possessoribus restituantur, si vero nondum tradita, maneant penes Dominos: cassantibus de caetero omuibus quaestionibus, actionibusque ratione reditnum, five expublicis sive privatis bonis perceptorum. Mobilium eriam donationes & largitiones utrinque factae, si ante has inducias executioni non fuerint demandatae, irritae sint, traditae vero possessoribus modernis relinquantur. Cessantibus quoque corum nomine omnibus actionibus, irritisque obligatrunbus, quibus apochae authenticè sive a Regum loca tenentibus, five ab officialibus Camerarum Regiarum, sive & ab ipsis donatariis, sine frande datae, (dummodo de lisdem donationthus per authenticum instrumentum constet, solutienis factae) opponi possunt. XIV. Commercia pristina inter utrumque Regnum & Provincias subjectas restituantur, & in veteri exercitio conserventur, redeantque omnia in eumstatum, in quo ante hoc belliem fuerant, ab omnibus novitatibus, oneribusque hoc bello indictis vindicata. XV. Defluitatio mercium ex Mag. Duc. Lithv. nulla ratione in flumine Dunâ impediatur: sitque ea in dicto flumine vectigalium ratio in posterum, quae fuit ante hoc bellum. XVI. Subditifugitivi Mag. Duc. Lith. & Duc. Curland: quicunque in Livoniâ reperti fuerint, suis Dominis reddantur: quod vice versade subditis fugitivis ex Livonia in Mag: Duc: Lith: & Duc: Curland: fieri debet. XVII. Exercitus omnes, (exceptis praesidiariis) tempore supra definito ab utraque parte ex Provincia deducantur: & quidem Suecicus per mare, si tamen equitatui intra assignati temporis spatium traijciendo nav●●m copia non suppetierit, liber illi & innoxius transitus, quam brevissime itinere, per terram in ditiones ipsorum sine damno Jncolarum Regne Poloniae mediate vel immediate subjectorum, concedi debet, Quod itidem observetur, si aliqui pedites dicti Exercitus Suecici dimissi fuerint: justiria verè Prafectos indilatâ benâ fide administretur damnum & injuriam passis. XVIII. Injurias tam personales quam reales sub hasce inducias incidentes una pars de alterâ non vindic abit, salva jurisdictione ordinariâ cujusque partis, sed justitia ab officialibus & M●gistratibus competenter requiratur, eademque indilata administretur, severae poenae in violatores pacis, fide public â roboratae exerceantur: nullaque repressaliae aut arresta, tâm terrâ quâm mari ratione cujuscunque injuriae (●●si justitiae pluribus vicibus legitimè repetita non administretur,) admittantur & si qua ante hoc bellum sive etiam durante b●llo concessa sunt, cassentur: ita tamen, ut quibus concessa sunt, justitia administretur. XIX. Quod fi quid gravius incidert, quod violationem Pactorum concernere videretur, dentur utrinque Commissarit qui loco aliquo ad fines Livoniae assignando conveniant, & controversias exortas sopiant, decidant que. XX. Pro majore securitate, & ne quicquam hisce pactis contrarium durantibus induciis à quopiam committatur, Ordines Regni Poloniae, & Mag. Duc. Lith. promitrant & fide sube●nt Regem Poloniae & ejus fratres, corumque Successores ac Posteros durantibus induciis, ex Regno Poloniae Magnoque Duc. Lith & omnibus ejus subjectis Provinciis, at que ditionibus nihil molituros, multò minùs hostile quie quam tentaturos, adversus Serenissimam Reginam, ejusque Successores, Reges, Regnumque Sueciae, ejusque subjectas ditiones ac Provincias, Civitates, Castra, Munimenta ac Territoria, & si quicquam tentaverint, id impedire, ac praevenire teneantur. XXI. Sacrae Regia Majestas & Resp. Polona adversus Sereniss. Reginam ejusque Successores, Reges, Regnum que Sueciae, subjectasque ditiones, ac Provincias nullis navibus vel Classe Maritimâ utatur, vel aliis quibuscunque auxilio submittat durantibus Induciis. Et Dux in Prussiâ, Dux Churlandiae, & ex statibus Prussiae Regalis, Civitates majeres caveant, se non permissures hostile quicquam ex portubus suis Reginae, Regnoque Sueciae, subjectisque ditioni●●● ac Provinciis, illatum iri directè vel indirectè XXII. Durantibus ac currentibus hisce Jnduciis, agatur de Pace perpetuâ loco ac tempore (interventu, Principum Mediatorum) de quibus inter partes, cura ac diligentia illustris. Duc: Churl, convenerit. Ita tamen ut si tractatus Pacis perpetuae semel aut iterum non successerit, firmae nihil ominùs & inviolabiles maneant Jnduciae, usque ad exitum ●●●●e pa●tis praefinitum. XXIII. Si qui Regum ac Principum Christianorum hisce pactis ex utraque parte includi voluerint, sit ipsis ejus facultas: modo se ad ista intra quinque abhinc menses declaraverint. XXIV. hisce pactis firmius insistatur, certeque constet, bona ●de ea servatum iri, hoc modo convenit, ut redditis utrinque Procuratoriis Dominorum Commissariorum, pacta haec manu & sigillo eorundem roborentur & invicem tradantur. Tum ut Seren. Rex Poloniae secundum praescriptam formu●●●●adem quanto citius confirmet, & antequam ullius loci fiat restitutio suam Confirmationem tradat. Deinde ut Sacra Sueciae solennni instrumento, illa nomine suo ac Regni Sueciae, per superscriptionem Dominorum Regni Sueciae Administratorum rata habeat. Et Respublica Polona eadem in Comitiis primo quoque Tempore celebrandis, solenniter approbet, & confecto Jnstrumento ratificet. Quae quidem Instrumenta solennia, ad formulam praescriptam, nulla voce aut syllaba mutata; per utriusque Partis Commissarios Deputatos quanto citius poterit, ad limites Territoriales inter Elbingam & Mariaeburgum, sine ulla mora & excusatione reddi utrinque ac recipi debebunt. Ad eundem modum Serenissimus Elector Brandenburg, Dux in Prussia, Dux Churlandiae, & ex Ordinibus Regalis Prussiae Civitates Majores literas tuas Reversales, quibus Securirati. S. R. M. ac Regni Sueciae cavebitur, ant è restitutionem Elbingae & Pillaviae tradant. Actum Stumisdorffi d. 2. Septemb. Styl. vet. Anno salutis Millesimo sexcentesimo trigesimo quinto. Nos itaque Vladislaus IU. Rex Poloniae, Magnus Dux Lithvaniae, etc. promittimus & recipimus nomine nostro, Successorum nostrorum & Reipub. Polonae, Nos singula & universa Capita Pactis supra scriptis inserta & comprehensa bona & Regia fide approbare, laudare & ratihabere, sicut hisce approbamus, laudamus & ratihabemus: nec passuros a Nostratibus aut aliis ullo modo violari. In quorum majorem fidem ac certitudinem hisce manu nostra subscripsimus, & sigillo Regni nostri muniri jussimus, Datum in Castris ad Quidsinum die _____ Mens. Septemb. WE the Commissioners of the most High and mighty Prince, & our Sovereign Lord Vladislaus the fourth; by the grace of God King of Poland, Great Duke of Lettow, etc. as also of the renowned Commonwealth of Poland: namely, james Zadzik Bishop of Culm and Pomesan, Lord Elect of Cracow, Duke of Severien, Provost General of Micheow, high Chancellor of the Kingdom of Poland: Raphael Count of Lesno, Palatine of Belxe, Governor of Derpt & Oberpol: Remigius Otok Zalesky; Referendary of the Kingdom: james Sobiezin, in Sobiesky Principal Carver of the Kingdom, Governor of Cranostaw and jaworow: do hereby testify and give notice to all whom it may concern; That whereas there was a Peace concluded upon in the year 1629, betwixt the High and mighty Kings and Kingdoms of Poland and of Sweden: which intention, that in the mean time, by the intervening me diation of the High and mighty Princes their Majesties of great Britain, and of France, and of other Princes: either a perpetual Peace, or a longer Truce, might be treated upon: the time and place for which Treaty, being to be assigned by his Highness the Elector of Brandenburg (one of the Mediators) with the good liking of both the Parties. Now, whereas by his said Highness his Ambassadors; the Illustrious Prince Sigismond marquis of Brandenburg; and the illustrious and magnificent Andrew á Creutzen, of the Privy Council for the Dukedom of Prussia, Regent, and Governor of the County: john George á Sauken, Privy Counsellor, Regent and Chancellor: Bernard á Conigseck Counsellor: George á Rausckeu, Counsellor of the justice-seat within the Verge of the Court: and Peter Bergkman Counsellor of the Privy Council: We (the said Commissioners) having been invited to Strumsdorff; and there having met with the Illustrious Commissioners of the Queen's Majesty and Kingdom of Sweden, Namely, the Lord Peter Brabe Count of Visningsburgh, Baron of Ridholme and Lindholm, of the Privy Council of the Kingdom, Legifer * The High dutch translation, retains the Latin word legifero: to that it seems to be the very Swedish word for that Office. in Westmannia, of the Mountain, and Dale-Carls: Herman Wrangeln; of Privy Council of the Kingdom of Sweden; Feltmarshall of the Army, Hereaitary in Lergeholm, Sko-Closher, Knight: Acatius son of Axel, Counsellor of the Kingdom of Sweden, and Legifer of Nericia, Hereditary of Coxholm, etc. john Oxenstierna son of Axel, of the Privy Council to the Queen's Majesty, Baron of Kimoth, Lord of Fiholm and Tidoen: and john Nicodemi, Principal Secretary of State unto her Majesty, and commissary-general of the Army in Prussia: We the said Commissiones for both Parties being thus assembled; and upon the mediation especially of the High and mighty Prince CHARLES King of Great Britain, etc. Defender of the Faith, presented by Sir George Douglasse Knight, Ambassador for his said sacred Majesty: and by the meadiation of the High and mighty Prince Lewis the thirteenth, the most Christian King of France, and Navarre: presented by the Illustrious Claudé de Mesmes, Knight, Lord of Avaux; Extraordinary Ambassador for his sacred Majesty into these Northern Kingdoms: as also (upon the mediation) of the High & mighty Lords the States of the United Provinces; presented by their Ambassadors, the Illustrious & magnificent Roch Vanden Honaert, first Counsellor in the great Court of Holland, Zealand, and Westfrizeland: Andrew Bicker, Burgomaster of Amsterdam: and joachim Andrea, Counsellor in the highest Court of Frizeland: having entered into the said Treaty of Peace, and for a longwhile, many ways too and again consulted thereupon; to this issue, at length; (the divine goodness graciously therein favouring us, and the right Honourable Ambassadors aforesaid, taking indefatigable pains in it) we brought the whole business; as that we fully agreed, determined and concluded upon the Peace, with the Commissioners of her Majesty, and of the Kingdom of Sweden, in manner and form following. I. LEt the Peace, betwixt the High and Mighty Prince Vladislaus the fourth, King of Poland, Duke of Lettow, etc. our gracious Lord and Master; his Majesty's successors, Kings of Poland, and great Dukes of Lettow; as also the Kingdom of Poland, and great Dukedom of Lettow, on the one party, and the High and mighty Princess and Lady, the Lady Christina, designed Queen of the Swedens', Goths and Vandals great Princess of Finland, etc. Her Majesty's successors Kings of Sweden, as also the Kingdom of Sweden, on the other party: be continued from this day forward, for XXVI. years to come; to be accounted from the date of these presents, until the first of july, (old style) in the year of our Lord 1661. II. Let there be an utter forgetfulness of all forepassed matters, on both sides. And, in the first place, let his sacred Majesty, and the Kings his successors, as also the whole Kingdom of Poland, and great Dukes of Lettow: abstain during the whole time of the said Peace, from all manner of hostility against the Queen and kingdom of Sweden; and the Countries, Castles, Cities and Territories, mediately or immediately belonging unto them: yea, and neither by themselves or any others, Let them complot, attempt, or cause to be attempted any thing, in derogation or infringement of these Articles. In like manner, Let her Majesty the Queen, with the Kings her successors, & Kingdom of Sweden, forbear for all the time of this Peace, from all actions of hostility against the King and Kingdom of Poland, and great Dukedom of Lettow; and against all the Countries, Castles, Cities, and Dominions, either mediately or immediately subject unto them; yea, and neither by themselves or by any others, let them complot, attempt, or cause to be attempted, any thing in derogation or infringement of these Articles. III. Let her Majesty and Kingdom of Sweden, restore unto his Majesty and Kingdom of Poland, all that part of Prussia, as yet in their possession. Yet so, that the Pillaw be immediately restored unto the Elector of Brandenburg. Duke in Prussia, to be holden by the same right, as before this war he still enjoyed it. iv But in restoring of places; let this one thing be observed, that upon the Ratification (of this Peace) by the King of Poland, caution being also laid in by the States, as also by certain Polish Commissioners by Act of Parliament sent from the Commonwealth unto the King's presence, with assurance of delivering the Ratification (of this present Peace) of the Commonwealth so soon as conveniently may be: Marienburg with the * greater Jland, The Gosie Werder by Marienburg. Stum, Brunsberg, and Tolkemit, with their Territories, the (Swedish) garrisons being first drawn our; be rendered up into the hands of the Commissioners of the King and Kingdom of Poland. But as for Haubt and Junckertreil, let them be demolished even with the ground, in presence of certain Deputies for both parties; the lands and goods belonging to them being restored to their owners. Let the Armies also on both sides be drawn off, within that time, in the same order and manner as shall be agreed upon betwixt both the Generals. As for Elbing and the territory anciently belonging to it, with the lesser Island, and the Fortifications therein erected; as also the Pillaw, with that part of Neringen which belongs unto it; her Majesty and the Kingdom of Sweden may so long keep possession of them, until the foresaid Ratification of the Kingdom of Poland be obtained. Which being tendered, her Majesty is to deliver up these places also within 14. days, and to draw out all her Garrisons, without hurt-doing to the inhabitants. This being therewithal observed, that all the Fortifications erected about Elbing, be left in the same state they now are, and under the same government as before these wars. V After the restitution of all places, let the tributes be reduced into the same state and right they were in before these wars: equality being in every thing observed, as before times. VI All Acts, judgements, and Decrees, upon what instance or sentence soever passed: all Writings, Contracts, Transactions, and all Actions, which are no way derogatory unto the public State, as it was before these wars, or which are not by express words excepted in this present Agreement; however concluded, either in the time of War or Truce, by the authority of the Magistrate and judicially; or otherwise besides the formalityes of the Law: let them remain in as full strength as if all had been done when things were in their former condition; and as if no alteration, either in the Government or of the Magistrates. had happened. VII. So much as either party had in their possession in the Country of Leifland, during the time of the last six years' Peace: let them still keep possession of for all the twenty six years following. VIII. Whatsoever Cities or Territories, with their Magistrates, Commons, and Inhabitants, and Subjects in general, which the King and State of Poland have heretofore received under their protection; let them henceforth grant free pardon unto; yea and afford favour, and protect them with the same clemency and grace, as heretofore: and let all and every of them enjoy the same possessions, Rights, Privileges and Customs, (as well general and common as special) without exception, which before the beginning of these wars they have enjoyed. And especially let the City of Elbing be conserved in the right and usage of the Seal of the Lands of Prussia, and in the accustomed Seat of justice: it having, in the first place, taken the Oath of Fidelity to the King's Majesty: the exercise of the Evangelicall religion being left free in the restored places, as it heretofore hath flourished: yea and the exercise of the Catholic religion, being left free also; especially in the Parish Church of the old town of Elbing▪ as it was before these wars. IX. All Actions against those persons, which in any kind have taken part with their Majesties the King and Queen of Sweden, or that are accused to have sided with them; of what condition or degree soever they be, whether they have lived as private men, or have borne any office, or any way been employed in the service of their said sacred Majesties, or of the kingdom of Sweden, whether the said Actions be already commenced or intended so to be, let them be let fall presently: and if any be already passed, let them instantly be disannulled and debarred of all further execution for ever. Nor let any man be thereby engaged to put in Answer to any adversary, upon such things as have been done in the time either of War or Peace; which have fallen out upon occasion of the said War or Peace. And if that contrary hereunto, any suit already be commenced or adjudged, or any Sentence or Order of Law in the absence of the party be obtained, let it wholly be made word & of no value. X. If any person or persons be not willing longer to remain in the restored Cities or Territories; but rather to change his dwelling and remove unto another place: let him have free leave within three years from the date of these presents, either to sell outright, let to farm to others, or otherwise at his or their pleasures to dispose of his estate, without any hindrance or taxation upon any pretence to be imposed on them: the ancient Rights and Customs of the Citizens, being still preserved. XI. Whatsoever Exiles now out of Sweden, and living among the Polish Nation, that have sometimes followed the party of their Majesties the Kings of Poland, be willing, upon any occasion, to return into their own Country: let them desire Letters of Safeconduct; which being obtained, they may freely enjoy the benefit of the Laws and Statutes of the Kingdom of Sweden. XII. In such places, as are at any time by virtue of this present Agreement to be restored; let all the Church-moveables at this time found in them, be faithfully left unto them. That is to say, sacred Vessels and Vestments, Bells, and other Ornaments serving for the Church: as also the Books of their Courts of Chancery, their Patents and Public Acts. But if any of them through the injury of the times have been pillaged by the Soldiers, or by others negligence have been spoilt: let no further inquiry be made into it, nor any man obliged to restitution. As for those pieces of Canon and great Ordnance, which at the time of the taking were found, and are yet remaining, in any of the Cities or places that are to be restored, let them be there left unto them. XIII. As concerning those goods, which in the time of these wars have be the Law of attainder been taken from any person; or which have been confiscated, or bestowed upon other: it is thus agreed upon That is to say, that the goods belonging either to the King or State, or else unto 〈◊〉 private person, which are actually already given away, on either side: if so be they be already deliver dup, into the possession of these to whom they were given: let t 'em be again restored to th● former owners: but if possession be not already given of them, let them still remain unto their owners: all Questions and Actions in regard of any Rents received for them, either of the goods of private men, or of the State; from henceforth for ever ceasing. As for those Grants or Gifts of movable goods, made on either side; if actual possession have not thereupon been delivered, let the grants become void: but as for such as have been delivered, let them be still left unto the present possessors. All Actions, also, in their names ceasing, and all Bonds becoming void; which by such Acquitances may be discharged, as either by the King's Lieutenants, or by the Officers of their Majesty's Chamber, or by the Donors themselves, have authentically and without fraud been given; provided, that by some authentic writing of payment heretofore made; there may be a Constat of those Donations. XIV. Let the ancient Commerce betwixt either Kingdom and the subject Provinces, be again restored; and from hence in their ancient Freedom conserved: and let every thing return into the same estate, where in they were before these wars: and these discharged from all such novel Impositions and Taxations, as have these wars been laid upon them. XV. Let the passing of Merchandises out of the great Dukedom of Lettow, by the River Duna, by no means be no longer hindered: yea, and let the same rates of Customs hereafter be upon that River, which were before the Wars. XVI. Let all such Fugitive Subjects of the great Duke doom of Lettow, and Dukedom of Curland, as are found in Liefland, be retured to their own Lords: which, on the other side, ought also to be done, with the Fugitive Subjects out of Liefland, into the great Dukedom of Lettow, and the Duchy of Curland. XVII. Let all the Armies (excepting the Garrisons) be on both sides drawn out of the Country within the time appointed: and the Swedish Army to pass away by Sea. But in case they should not be furnished of shipping enough by the time appointed, for wafting over of the Horse; that then the said Horse-forces should have free passage and unmolested, to march over-land, the nearest way into their own Dominions: so be it were without wrong-doing unto such Inhabitants, as either mediately or immediately be Subjects to the Crown of Poland. Which condition is also to be observed, if any Foot of the Swedish Army shall be cashiered: present justice being bona fide to be administered by the Commanders, unto such as suffer loss, or receive injury by them. XVIII. Injuries, whether personal or real, falling out within the time of this Peace; shall not one part revenge upon another; the ordinary jurisdiction of each Party being preserved: but justice shall orderly be demanded of the Officers and the Magistrates: which without delaying, let it forthwith be administered. Let severe punishment be inflicted upon the violaters of this Peace: which by the public Faith and Honour is now confirmed. And let no Reprisals or Arrests, either by Sea or Land be allowed; done upon pretence of any injury whatsoever; unless that justice hath often been demanded, and not administered. And Licence for making such Reprisals or Arrests, have during these wars been made out, let them be held for canceled: with this proviso, that Justice be forthwith done, unto whom such Licences have been granted. XIX. But if any weighty occasion shall fall out, which may seem to concern the breaking of these Articles; let Commissioners be on either side appointed: who meeting in some designed place upon the Frontiers of Liestland may decide the late risen Controversies. XX. For the more security, and that nothing contrary unto this Agreement, may during this Peace by any man be committed; let the States of the Kingdom of Poland, and great Dukedom of Lettow, pass their promise, and engage their Faiths for the King of Poland, his Brothers, and their Successors; that for all the time of this Peace, they shall not complot to do any thing, either out of Poland and the great Dukedom of Lettow, nor out of any of the Countries and Dominions subject unto them: much less that they shall actually attempt any action of hostility, against the Queen's Majesty or the Kings her Successors, and the Kingdom of Sweden; or against the Dominions, Countries, Cities, Castles, Forts and Territories object unto them: yea, and in case the King or hi● Brethren, etc. should attempt any such matter; let the States be hereby engaged, to hinder and to prevent it. XXI. The King's sacred Majesty and Commonwealth of Poland, shall employ no shipping or Sea-fleet, against her Majesty the Queen, and the Kings her Successors, and Kingdom of Sweden; or against their Dominions and Subject Provinces: nor shall send such aid unto others against them, during all the time of the said Peace. Also the Duke in Prussia, The marquis Elector of Brandenburg. the Duke of Curland, and of the States of that part of Prussia belonging to the King, Of Poland. let the greater Cities put in caution, that they will not suffer any hostility, either directly or indirectly, out of their Ports to be sent against the Queen & Kingdom of Sweden, and the Dominions and Countries to them subject. XXII. During this present Peace, and before it be expired, let another Treaty be propounded for the perpetuating of it in such place and time, (by the intervention of the Prince's Mediators) as shall be agreed upon by both the parties, brought to it by the care and diligence of his Highness the Duke of Curland. Yet so, that if this Treaty for a perpetual Peace, succeeds not at the first or second time, yet let the present Truce remain firm and inviolable, unto the full term prefixed in this Agreement. XXIII. If any Kings or Princes Christian, be desirous to be on either Party included within this Peace, let them hereby have liberty to do it: upon condition, that they declare themselves for it within five months. XXIV. To the intent this present agreement may the more firmly be relied upon, and that it may assuredly be made appear, it shall bona fide be observed; it is in this manner concluded upon. That the Exceptions of the Lords Commissioners being on both sides returned back again, let these Articles be confirmed with their hands and Seals, and mutually be delivered. Then, that his Majesty the King of Poland, may according to this present prescript form, confirm it with all speed possible, and deliver up that his Confirmation, before any place be restored. Then, that her sacred Majesty of Sweden may also ratify it by a solemn Instrument, in her own name and the Kingdom of Sweden, by the Subscriptions of of the Lords Administrators of the Kingdom of Sweden. And that the State of Poland, in their Parliament with all speed to be convoked, may solemnly approve of it, and in an Instrument drawn to that purpose ratify it. Which said solemn Instruments, in this present form prescribed (not so much as one word or syllable being altered) shall with all speed possible, by the deputed Commissioners on both sides, without any delay or excuse, upon the Frontiers betwixt Elbing and Marienburg, be mutually delivered and received. In like manner, his Highness the Elector of Brandenburg, and Duke in. Prussia, the Duke of Curland, and of the States of Prussia, on the King's side, the greater Cities, shall deliver their Letters Reversalls, in which Caution shall be laid in, for the security of her Majesty and the kingdom of Sweden, before such time as Elbing and the Pillaw be restored. Dated at * In Prussia Stumsdorff the second of September, old style: in the yeete of our Lord, 1635. WE therefore, Vladislaus the fourth, King of Poland, great Duke of Lettow, etc. do hereby promise and undertake in our own name, and of our Successors and State of Poland, That all and every one of these Articles in the above written Agreement inserted and comprehended, We with a good and Kingly fidelity, profess to approve, commend and ratify: like as hereby we actually do approve, commend, and ratify them: nor will we suffer them by our own or any other people, to be violated. For the better credit and assurance whereof, We have signed to them with our own hand, and have commanded them to be firmed with the Broad Seal of our Kingdom. Given in our Camp at Quidsin by Marienwerder, * In Prussia. the _____ of September. L. S.